Seeley, Maira
2013-01-01
A pesar de los importantes desplazamientos emprendidos por las familias beduinas de Jordania en las últimas generaciones, las mujeres son capaces de mitigar algunas de sus consecuencias gracias a las oportunidades y la influencia que obtienen como poetisas Nabati.
Bautista Puente, Luis Alberto
2016-01-01
El presente trabajo de investigación, Estrés Laboral como consecuencia de los incidentes en la planta concentradora Huari – La Oroya – 2014, planteó la interrogante principal: ¿Cómo influye el Estrés Laboral en los Incidentes en la Planta Concentradora Huari – La Oroya – 2014?; el objetivo de la investigación fue determinar la influencia del Estrés Laboral en los Incidentes en la Planta Concentradora Huari – La Oroya – 2014. La base teórica que sustenta la investigación es el fundamento teóri...
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Liuba Yamila Peña Galbán
2007-12-01
Full Text Available En más de 100 conflictos bélicos que se han producido en los últimos diez años, más del 80 por ciento de las víctimas son civiles. Se ha producido un desarrollo acelerado en las investigaciones concernientes a las consecuencias psico-sociales de la guerra en la población civil, la cual es el blanco principal de las víctimas en la guerra contemporánea. Este trabajo constituye una revisión bibliográfica sobre la guerra como desastre, acerca de los conceptos “modernos” de “guerra total”, desastre y las consecuencias psicológicas de la guerra en la población civil, la utilización de los niños como soldados lo cual acarrea desórdenes mentales marcados y se aborda el problema de la violencia sexual como arma de guerra. Las mujeres, las jóvenes, e incluso niñas, son a menudo sometidas, violadas, secuestradas y forzadas a la esclavitud sexual o cualquier tipo de abuso sexual; son vejadas, humilladas y dañadas en lo más profundo de sus sentimientos psicológicos, y valores morales, lo que también trasciende al grupo social, comunidad, clase social o etnia a la que pertenecen. El deterioro o la destrucción de la infraestructura económica, social y política de las naciones en conflicto impide la atención de las necesidades básicas de la población. El trastorno por estrés postraumático es la entidad nosológica más frecuente en las víctimas de la guerra, pero existen otros trastornos mentales que hay que tener en cuentaIn over 100 war conflicts that have occurred in the last 10 years, m ore than 80 percent of the victims were civilians. The scope of recent studies has been increasingly focused on psychological and social effects among civilians who are the target and main victims of contemporary wars. This article is an explanation of why war is considered a disaster, a revision of modern terms for war, disaster and the psychological effects of war on civilians, the training of children as soldiers, and the resulting
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Vicente-Serrano, S. M.
2000-12-01
Full Text Available An important transformation of Pyrenean landscape has occurred over the last decades on the land use. The most significant change has been on the increase of scrub and wood areas. During this process, the cultural landscape supported by the traditional system derived to an increase in diversity because of the partition of existing landscape units. In the last two decades the tendency has been reversed. The continuity and homogeneity of the landscape has increased due to the predominance of wood areas. The landscape effects of change are discussed.
[fr]
Dans les Pyrénées, lors des dernières décades, s'est produite une importante transformation du paysage, conséquence des changements de gestion. La dynamique de ces changements a été essentiellement marquée par un plus fort caractère de naturalité, fondée sur l'augmentation des zones de buissons et forêts. Le paysage culturel, maintenu par l'homme durant le système traditionnel, a donné lieu à une augmentation de la diversité, conséquence du cloisonnement des unités de paysage existantes. Lors des vingt dernières années, la tendence a été inversée, avec une augmentation de l'homogénéité et de la continuité du paysage dues a la prédominance des peuplements forestiers. Les effets produits par la transformation du paysage sont discutés dans cet article.
[es]
En el Pirineo se ha producido en las últimas décadas una importante transformación paisajística como consecuencia de los cambios de gestión. La dinámica de los cambios ha estado presidida por un aumento de la naturalidad, basada en el incremento de las áreas de matorral y bosque. El paisaje cultural, mantenido por el hombre durante el sistema tradicional, derivó hacia un aumento de la diversidad como consecuencia de la compartimentación de las unidades de paisaje existentes. En las últimas dos décadas la tendencia ha sido la contraria, con un incremento de la homogeneidad y continuidad
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SUSANA LLORENS
2005-01-01
Full Text Available El objetivo del presente estudio es poner a prueba un modelo causal de las relaciones que se establecen entre obstáculos, falta de eficacia percibida y burnout en un estudio longitudinal con dos momentos de recogida de datos. Según la Teoría Social Cognitiva, el burnout puede producirse como consecuencia de una crisis de eficacia percibida (Bandura, 2001; Cherniss, 1993. Se espera que la percepción de obstáculos en el trabajo (Tiempo 1 genere una falta de eficacia percibida (Tiempo 2, que a su vez producirá burnout (i.e., agotamiento, cinismo y despersonalización (Tiempo 2. Los resultados de los análisis SEM (Structural Equation Modeling realizados en una muestra de 274 profesores pertenecientes a 23 centros de educación secundaria confirman que la presencia de obstáculos genera una falta de eficacia percibida, que a su vez genera burnout. De este modo, el burnout se asocia con una crisis de eficacia. Además, relaciones recíprocas muestran que el burnout incrementa la percepción de obstáculos, generándose una espiral negativa. Se discuten las limitaciones y las implicaciones prácticas del estudio.
Consecuencias psicológicas del éxito en una muestra de futbolistas juveniles de la ciudad de Lima
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Eduardo Daniel Cáceres Morales
2013-01-01
Full Text Available Objetivo. Este estudio tiene como objetivo general identificar, describir y analizar las consecuencias percibidas del éxito en una muestra de 12 futbolistas juveniles de un club depo rtivo de Lima, Perú. Como objetivo secundario, se propuso conocer las concepciones de éxito en dicha muestra. Método. Para ello, se empleó un estudio cualitativo de tipo no experimental y exploratorio, en el cual se u tilizó una entrevista semiestructurada. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 12 futbolistas juveniles de género masculino , cuyas edades oscilaron entre los 17 y los 18 años. Resultados. Se halló que las principales consecuencias percibidas del éxito son mayor motivación, mayor confianza, bienestar, reconocimiento, críticas constructivas, ben eficios personales, mayor presión, menor humildad, mayor soberbia y culpa. Conclusión. Se infiere que las consecuencias del éxito pueden ser percibidas tanto de manera positiva como negativa. Si bien algunos d e los presentes hallazgos son consistentes con los reportados en estudios exploratorios anterio res, hay otros que son novedosos, lo que sugiere la construcción de nuevos instrumentos o la adaptación de los ya exi stentes en futuras mediciones dentro del contexto latinoamericano.
Antecedentes y consecuencias del burnout en deportistas: estrés percibido y depresión
Cristina de Francisco; Constantino Arce; María del Pilar Vílchez; Ángel Vales
2016-01-01
Antecedentes/Objetivo : El objetivo fue investigar la relación entre estrés percibido, burnout y depresión en deportistas. Se presenta el estrés como antecedente del burnout y la depresión como consecuencia de ambos. Método : Participaron en el estudio 453 deportistas. Estrés y depresión fueron medidos con Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) y burnout en deportistas con Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ). Los datos fueron analizados...
Las consecuencias del cambio climático en el Magreb
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Mónica Miranzo
2015-10-01
Full Text Available La comunidad internacional cada vez está más preocupada ante el fenómeno del cambio climático. El paso del tiempo ha cambiado la percepción sobre este problema, hasta que en la actualidad es considerado como uno de los principales riesgos para la seguridad internacional. La región del Mediterráneo en general, y el Magreb en particular, es una de las zonas geográficas más vulnerables a nivel global frente al cambio climático, sus efectos y consecuencias. Sus características tanto físicas como humanas, y la presencia de conflictos regionales de difícil solución, agravan los impactos, incrementan las incertidumbres y potencian otros riesgos y amenazas.
RETARDO DE CRECIMIENTO INTRAUTERINO: CONSECUENCIAS A LARGO PLAZO
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Int. Med. Tomás Rybertt
2016-07-01
Full Text Available El retardo del crecimiento intrauterino (RCIU se asocia a factores de riesgo maternos y a causas placentarias y dependientes del feto. La aparición de esta patología es de relevancia dado que se asocia en el corto plazo a morbilidad-mortalidad neonatal, así como en la incidencia en patologías crónicas de la vida adulta. Este artículo revisa principalmente las consecuencias a largo plazo de RCIU en cuanto al crecimiento post-natal, neurodesarrollo y describe cómo a través de la hipótesis de Barker se relaciona esta condición con enfermedad coronaria, diabetes mellitus e hipertensión arterial.
Becas, estímulos y sus consecuencias sobre el trabajo y la salud de docentes universitarios
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Susana Martínez Alcántara
2011-01-01
Full Text Available El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la asociación entre algunas actividades que tienen que cubrirse para participar en un programa de becas y estímulos y las consecuencias derivadas de dicha participación sobre el trabajo académico y sobre la salud física y mental de académicos universitarios. Se realizó un estudio transversal y analítico. Se calculó una muestra representativa aleatoria. Se aplicó una encuesta para recabar información demográfica, del trabajo y de salud. Las exigencias más importantes fueron la sobrecarga de trabajo, la prolongación de la jornada y las posiciones incómodas, cinco de siete consecuencias de la participación en el programa se perfilaron como negativas y se asociaron estadísticamente con trastornos tales como el estrés, los músculo-esqueléticos, la fatiga, la disfonía, la ansiedad y los trastornos del sueño.
Trabajo en turnos, privación de sueño y sus consecuencias clínicas y médicolegales
Serra M. Leonardo, Dr.
2013-01-01
El trabajo en turnos es una realidad frecuente y produce consecuencias negativas para una proporción significativa de quienes lo ejercen. Estas efectos son en base a dos mecanismos fundamentales: el desfase de los ritmos biológicos (tanto con el medio externo, como una desincronía interna) y por privación de sueño. Las consecuencias en salud asociadas se dan con mayor intensidad en turnos rotativos y nocturnos, e incluyen enfermedad coronaria, cerebrovascular, depresión, síndrome metabólico, ...
Estudio sobre las consecuencias del maltrato infantil en el desarrollo del lenguaje
Moreno Manso, Juan Manuel
2005-01-01
Con el estudio sobre las consecuencias del maltrato infantil en el desarrollo del lenguaje, intentamos determinar si los malos tratos a la infancia ocasionan repercusiones en dicha área y si existen repercusiones lingüísticas diferenciales según el tipo de maltrato infantil que sufre el niño. Para ello, analizamos muestras de maltrato infantil tales como el abandono físico, abandono emocional, maltrato físico y maltrato emocional. Reflejamos los resultados de la aplicación de las Escalas McCa...
Celulitis facial iatrogénica como consecuencia de una sepsis odontógena
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Martha Betancourt Pérez
2013-08-01
Full Text Available Se describe el caso clínico de un paciente de 56 años de edad, quien perdiera la obturación del canino superior derecho y acudió al servicio estomatológico de la Clínica Estomatológica Provincial Docente "Mártires del Moncada" de Santiago de Cuba con intenso dolor y sepsis apical incipiente, ante lo cual pedía una nueva obturación para aliviar sus síntomas. La especialista detectó la infección en ciernes y le alertó sobre las posibles complicaciones, pero debido a la insistencia del afectado obturó nuevamente el diente; en consecuencia, a las pocas horas se desarrolló una aguda celulitis facial con afectación periorbitaria, que solo cedió al administrar antibióticos de amplio espectro por vía endovenosa.
La fatiga como estado motivacional subjetivo
D. Cárdenas; J. Conde-González; J.C. Perales
2017-01-01
Actualmente no existe consenso sobre los factores que determinan la aparición de la fatiga. Hay factores que se derivan exclusivamente del esfuerzo físico, otros que dependen del esfuerzo mental que este lleva aparejado, y otros de los resultados de la tarea que se está realizando. Como consecuencia, se han desarrollado diferentes modelos explicativos que pretenden aunar las diferentes razones de su aparición. No obstante, la tendencia actual es entender la fatiga como un estado motivacion...
Marchueta Perez, Aitor
2014-01-01
El estudio actual tuvo como principal objetivo analizar si aquellas personas lesbianas, gais y bisexuales (LGB) que sufrieron un evento estresante en la infancia y/o adolescencia, tal como haber sido víctima de acoso escolar por motivo de orientación afectivo-sexual, tiene consecuencias negativas en su bienestar psicológico. Los resultados obtenidos en este estudio, realizado con 119 gais, lesbianas y bisexuales, sugieren que el bullying sufrido en el pasado influye en el bienestar psicológic...
Factores de riesgo y consecuencias de la violencia de género en Colombia
Molina Giraldo, Estefanía
2016-01-01
Trabajo de grado (Comunicación Social y Periodismo). Universidad de Manizales. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas, 2016 Artículo de revisión centrado en los factores de riesgo y las consecuencias de la violencia de género. Se revisaron y estudiaron 55 artículos producto de investigación bajo la técnica de análisis de contenido. Los resultados arrojaron factores de riesgo sociales, culturales y vinculares como consumo de alcohol, sustancias alucinógenas, desempleo, dificultades laboral...
LA ADICCIÓN A LA PORNOGRAFÍA: CAUSAS Y CONSECUENCIAS
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Angélica Velasco
2017-01-01
Full Text Available La pornografía puede definirse como el material audiovisual que presenta de forma explícita actividades sexuales y genitales de manera inocultable, con el objetivo de excitar al espectador. El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar las principales causas y consecuencias de la adicción a la pornografía en hombres y mujeres. Se empleó la metodología de la revisión sistemática de literatura (RSL, tomando como referencia investigaciones previas publicadas en bases de datos científicas y publicaciones web especializadas. Este trabajo concluye que la adicción a la pornografía puede generar problemas físicos, mentales, psicológicos y sociales, que son equiparables con los que genera la adicción al consumo de sustancias psicoactivas. Establecer estrategias de autocontrol, incrementar la actividad física y la participación en actividades sociales son algunas de las alternativas que pueden ayudar a combatir y prevenir la adicción.
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Alba Moya-Garófano
2016-05-01
Full Text Available La auto-cosificación, esto es, adoptar la perspectiva de observarse externamente y considerarse como una cosa, un cuerpo al que las demás personas miran y evalúan, tiene numerosas consecuencias negativas para la salud física y psíquica de las mujeres. En un estudio reciente de nuestro laboratorio hemos analizado la relación entre la auto-cosificación de las mujeres, por un lado, y sus evaluaciones y reacciones ante un piropo (una situación de cosificación, por otro. Los resultados muestran un nuevo efecto pernicioso de la auto-cosificación, hasta ahora inexplorado: la mayor tolerancia ante situaciones cosificadoras como los piropos.
Consecuencias de la violencia sexual en niños, niñas y adolescentes
Marcia Castillo Sequeira
1999-01-01
Como parte de un estudio más amplio, se exploraron las consecuencias que a corto y largo plazo produce el abuso sexual infantil (ASI) en niños y adultos de ambos sexos. La información obtenida de tres fuentes (psicólogas expertas, directa e indirectamente, y víctimas adultas), permitió establecer que miedo, ansiedad, vergüenza, problemas del sueño y culpa, son los síntomas más frecuentes a corto plazo, en tanto que baja autoestima, incapacidad para defender sus derechos, desconfianza, desagr...
Consecuencias de la noción de existencia
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Láscaris Comneno, Constantino. 1923 - 1979
2009-01-01
Full Text Available Con el ensayo “Consecuencias de la noción de existencia” que el filósofo español-costarricense Constantino Láscaris Comeno presentó en el Sexto Seminario Nacional de Demografía llevado a cabo en Heredia, Costa Rica en diciembre de 1976, la Revista electrónica “Población y Salud en Mesoamérica” inaugura su sección de Archivo que pretende rescatar para los lectores actuales documentos de valor histórico sobre la demografía y la salud de la región.El autor de este ensayo fue un destacado filósofo y profesor de la Universidad de Costa Rica, declarado Benemérito de la Patria por la Asamblea Legislativa de Costa Rica. Nació en Zaragoza, España, en 1923 y falleció prematuramente en San José, Costa Rica, en 1979. El Doctor Láscaris fue un prolífico ensayista y escritor de varios libros sobre filosofía y pensamiento en Costa Rica y Centroamérica. El ensayo Consecuencias de la noción de existencia es una refrescante reflexión de un tema que es tan vigente hoy como hace 30 años sobre las bases filosóficas, desde la óptica del existencialismo, de cuestiones controversiales sobre el momento en que el ser humano puede considerarse titular de todos los derechos de una persona o sobre los fundamentos éticos del control de la natalidad. Uno de los méritos del ensayo es que trasciende el dogma religioso que tan difícil hace las discusiones de estos temas.
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Bibiana Escuredo
2007-01-01
Full Text Available Se presenta la evolución de la protección social de la dependencia en España desde la década de los noventa hasta el momento actual y se plantean las consecuencias de la falta de acuerdo político respecto a las medidas a implementar. Se analizan los elementos en los que se basan las políticas de dependencia, resaltando sus aspectos positivos y negativos, así como las consecuencias para los ancianos y sus cuidadores informales. También se pone de manifiesto cómo, ante la posibilidad de quiebra del papel de la familia en el cuidado de los dependientes, se están implementando políticas que tienen como objetivo reforzar el rol cuidador de la familia y que se enmarcan dentro de la denominada "Conciliación de la Vida Familiar y Laboral". Estas políticas, más allá de sus contribuciones positivas, implican también importantes costes personales y de oportunidad para los cuidadores informales.
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J. L. GONZÁLEZ GUTIÉRREZ
2003-01-01
Full Text Available De acuerdo con los modelos teóricos que llaman la atención sobre la consideración del burnout como un proceso transaccional entre la persona y el medio laboral (Cherniss, 1980; Moreno-Jiménez, González-Gutiérrez y Garrosa, 2001, el presente trabajo examina las dimensiones de desgaste profesional que, junto con los factores antecedentes organizacionales y profesionales del síndrome específicas de la profesión de Terapia Ocupacional, se encuentran asociadas a los diferentes niveles de consecuencias planteadas en la literatura sobre el síndrome. Para ello se empleó una muestra de 110 terapeutas ocupacionales que desempeñan su actividad clínica en la Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid. A través del desarrollo de un análisis de regresión jerárquica se ha observado la existencia de asociaciones altamente significativas entre el síndrome y la presencia de consecuencias adversas para la salud del individuo, así como para su área interpersonal y para la propia organización en la que desarrolla su actividad laboral, siendo el agotamiento emocional la dimensión más asociada a las mismas. Junto a ello, se ha identificado la relevancia explicativa de los problemas extralaborales que afectan al área laboral, así como de otros factores que podrían actuar a través de la generación de desgaste, como son la sobrecarga de trabajo, las características de la tarea, la falta de apoyo y reconocimiento por parte del equipo, y el miedo a la malpráctica.
Consecuencias del abuso sexual infantil: una revisión de las variables intervinientes
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David Cantón-Cortés
2015-05-01
Full Text Available En las últimas décadas el abuso sexual infantil (ASI ha suscitado un gran interés, tanto entre la comunidad científica, como en la sociedad en general, debido a su prevalencia y consecuencias a corto y a largo plazo. Aunque la mayoría de los estudios que han examinado las secuelas del ASI enumeran numerosas dificultades psicológicas, sociales, conductuales y físicas, ciertamente no todas las víctimas de abuso infantil muestran un daño significativo posterior, existiendo una amplia variabilidad en el ajuste de las víctimas. Ante esta diversidad el presente trabajo, tras realizar una revisión de las consecuencias a corto y largo plazo del ASI, pretende discernir cuales son las principales variables que determinan los efectos del abuso sobre la víctimas. Las características del abuso, víctima y agresor, los factores situacionales y, especialmente, las variables cognitivas de la víctima se han demostrado como eficaces para explicar la gravedad de la sintomatología. Concretamente, las investigaciones realizadas en los últimos años han encontrado que la sustitución de estrategias de afrontamiento de evitación por estrategias de aproximación, la eliminación de las atribuciones de autoinculpación e inculpación a la familia y de los sentimientos relacionados con las cuatro dinámicas traumatogénicas y la promoción de un estilo de apego seguro resultarían beneficiosos a la hora de prevenir futuros problemas causados por la experiencia de abuso.
Víctimas de violencia familiar : consecuencias psicológicas en hijos de mujeres maltratadas
Patró Hernández, Rosa; Limiñana Gras, Rosa María
2005-01-01
Las mujeres y los niños son las principales víctimas que sufren la violencia doméstica o familiar. Mientras que en el caso de las mujeres maltratadas existe una creciente proliferación tanto de investigaciones como de recursos de ayuda, la atención e intervención sobre las consecuencias que se derivan para sus hijos es todavía bastante escasa. El objetivo del presente artículo es el de señalar la gravedad de las repercusiones que supone para los hijos de hogares violentos el haber sido ví...
Maltrato infantil y sus consecuencias a largo plazo
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Laura Carolina Alarcón Forero
2010-01-01
Full Text Available La violencia intrafamiliar constituye una de las formas más frecuentes de violencia encontradas tanto a nivel nacional como internacional y dentro de estas el maltrato infantil presenta cifras alarmantes, y es el objeto de nuestra revisión. Los efectos de este problema repercuten notablemente en aquellos que sobreviven, ya que las consecuencias a largo plazo del maltrato infantil son más perjudiciales para lasvíctimas y sus familias, y más costoso para la sociedad, que las lesiones agudas inmediatas que puedan producir. Las consecuencias a largo plazo para estos niños varían desde efectos nocivos en su desarrollo hasta trastornos psicológicos, psiquiátricos y orgánicos. Es importante resaltar que aún con muy buenas intervenciones no todas tienen el éxito esperado si no se hacen de manera correcta. Esindispensable contar con estrategias de prevención que incluyan personal bien entrenado, una supervisión adecuada, los recursos necesarios, y un tiempo mínimo óptimo para enfrentar el problema y obtener los mejores resultados. ______________________________________________________________________Domestic violence is one of the most common forms of violence found both domestically and internationally. Within these, child abuse has alarming figures. This is the subject of this review. The effects of this problem significantly impact on those who survive; their long-term consequences are most severe and expensive for victimized child and his/her family than associated primary physical injuries. Thelong-term consequences for these children range from adverse effects on its psycholigical development to psychological, psychiatric organic disoders. It is important to note that good speeches are not enough to achieve success if any intervention are not done correctly. All prevention strategies include well-trained staff, appropriate supervision, resources, and a optimal time for addressing this problem to get the best results.
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Patricia Zamudio Grave
2007-05-01
Full Text Available La universalidad de los derechos humanos ha sido proclamada y reiterada por la comunidad de naciones, desde mediados del siglo veinte. Al mismo tiempo, procesos globalizadores parecen contradecir el derecho de todos los seres humanos a gozar de una vida digna, en todos los aspectos que ésta engloba, tanto en países desarrollados, como en aquéllos en proceso de desarrollo. Este trabajo reflexiona sobre la forma como la migración internacional conecta experiencias de precariedad en el ejercicio de derechos y sus consecuencias para la vida cotidiana de los migrantes.
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Javier Nieto
2011-01-01
Full Text Available Se diseñaron dos experimentos para evaluar la reinstauración selectiva de respuestas instrumentales asociadas a consecuencias diferentes (Experimento 1, y el efecto del número de sesiones de extinción en dicha reinstauración (Experimento 2. En el Experimento 1 se entrenó a dos grupos de ratas en tres fases. En la primera fase se condujeron dos sesiones diarias, en una la respuesta (R 1 se asoció con la consecuencia (C 1 y en la otra la R2 se asoció con la C2 para el Grupo Diferente, y para el Grupo Común se empleó la misma consecuencia para entrenar ambas respuestas. Posteriormente, en extinción, se descontinuó la entrega de las consecuencias. Finalmente, en la prueba se re-expuso a los sujetos a una de las consecuencias empleadas en la primera fase. En el Experimento 2 se empleó un procedimiento similar al del experimento previo, se entrenaron tres grupos (i.e. Común, Diferente C1 y Diferente C2 en cuatro fases secuenciales: Adquisición de R1, Adquisición de R2, Extinción y Prueba. En la fase de prueba se expuso a los grupos a alguna de las consecuencias empleadas durante el entrenamiento, después de 5 ó 10 sesiones de extinción. Los resultados mostraron reinstauración selectiva de respuestas en función de la consecuencia en ambos experimentos, aunque el Experimento 2 mostró reinstauración selectiva sólo cuando la prueba se realizó después de 5 sesiones de extinción, pero no cuando se emplearon 10 sesiones. Se discuten los resultados en términos de las propiedades que adquieren las consecuencias como estímulo discriminativo.
Violencia contra las mujeres en el ámbito doméstico : consecuencias sobre la salud psicosocial
Domínguez Fuentes, Juan Manuel; García Leiva, Patricia; Cuberos Casado, Inmaculada
2008-01-01
Actualmente la violencia contra las mujeres ejercida por sus compañeros sentimentales constituye uno de los problemas sociales más importantes, tanto en nuestro país como en el resto del mundo, debido al gran número de mujeres que la sufren y a sus consecuencias a nivel personal y social. El objetivo de la presente investigación es evaluar cuáles son los daños psicosociales que conlleva dicha violencia para poder mejorar la intervención clínica y social. Para ello se les ha pasado a 100 mujer...
El sistema familiar mesoamericano y sus consecuencias demográficas
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David Robichaux
2002-01-01
Full Text Available Los estudiosos de la familia residencial de las distintas disciplinas sociales en México no han tomado en cuenta las diferentes tradiciones culturales del país y han partido de un modelo de familia, como si México fuera un país homogéneo. El presente trabajo plantea el concepto de sistema familiar mesoamericano, que permite aprehender un tipo específico de ciclo de desarrollo de los grupos domésticos, característico de amplios sectores de la población rural de México. Uno de sus rasgos es la residencia virilocal, que favorece la formación de nuevas parejas sin necesidad de contar con vivienda propia. La consecuencia es una baja edad en el momento del matrimonio y el rápido crecimiento de la población, por lo que se puede hablar de un régimen demográfico asociado con este sistema familiar.
Pazmiño Lucio, Helen Anabela; Veintimilla Vargas, Verónica del Pilar
2016-01-01
La presente investigación analiza el impacto en la calidad de la educación superior como consecuencia de la aplicación de la normativa vigente 2010 - 2015, en la renovación del personal académico de las Universidades y Escuelas Politécnicas (IES) con sede matriz en la Provincia de Pichincha, mediante la aplicación de encuestas y entrevistas a los involucrados: estudiantes, docentes, directivos y expertos, para conocer la percepción que tienen de la calidad en la educación superior. Con la i...
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Lidia Esther Rodríguez Scull
2004-12-01
Full Text Available La obesidad constituye un serio problema de salud mundial. En las últimas 3 décadas se ha producido un incremento importante de la cifra de personas obesas al punto de alcanzar magnitud de epidemia y de lo que es más importante: sus consecuencias clinicometabólicas. La obesidad está vinculada estrechamente con las principales causas de morbimortalidad y discapacidad. La resistencia insulínica (RI es quizás su consecuencia más temible, ya que de ella se derivan una serie de alteraciones metabólicas y endoteliales relacionadas con el desarrollo de la enfermedad vacular coronaria: la diabetes mellitus, la hipertensión arterial, las dislipidemias y la enfermedad cerebrovascular. En la medida en que aumenta el peso corporal, aumenta la producción de citoquinas y ácidos grasos libres con efectos sobre la insulina, disminuye la sensibilidad a su acción y de ahí derivan alteraciones de la pared y el tono vascular, así como del metabolismo de glúcidos y lípidos, que dan origen a estas consecuencias. Con la presente revisión nos proponemos profundizar en el papel del adipocito como órgano o tejido endocrino, y los mecanismos hasta ahora conocidos que dan origen a las complicaciones clinicometabólicas de la obesidad.Obesity is a serious problem in world health. During the last three decades, there has been a significant increase of the figure of obese persons about to reach the magnitude of epidemics and of what is more important: its clinical and metabolic consequences. Obesity is closely linked to the main cause of morbimortality and disability: Insulin resitance is maybe its most feared consequence, since a series of metabolic and endothelial alterations related to the development of coronary vascular disease derived from it: diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, dyslipidemias and cerebrovascular disease. As body weight increases, the production of cytokines and free fatty acids with effects on insulin is higher, and the
Consecuencias de la violencia sexual en niños, niñas y adolescentes
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Marcia Castillo Sequeira
1999-02-01
Full Text Available Como parte de un estudio más amplio, se exploraron las consecuencias que a corto y largo plazo produce el abuso sexual infantil (ASI en niños y adultos de ambos sexos. La información obtenida de tres fuentes (psicólogas expertas, directa e indirectamente, y víctimas adultas, permitió establecer que miedo, ansiedad, vergüenza, problemas del sueño y culpa, son los síntomas más frecuentes a corto plazo, en tanto que baja autoestima, incapacidad para defender sus derechos, desconfianza, desagrado por las fiestas e insatisfacción y problemas sexuales, se presentan a largo plazo. Los síntomas identificados tanto a corto como a largo plazo por las expertas fueron baja autoestima, vergüenza, depresión y culpa. Los resultados se discuten en relación con la literatura consultada y con la atención psicosocial que se brinda y se podría ofrecer a las víctimas infantiles de ASI.
Trabajo en turnos, privación de sueño y sus consecuencias clínicas y médicolegales
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Serra M. Leonardo, Dr.
2013-05-01
Full Text Available El trabajo en turnos es una realidad frecuente y produce consecuencias negativas para una proporción significativa de quienes lo ejercen. Estas efectos son en base a dos mecanismos fundamentales: el desfase de los ritmos biológicos (tanto con el medio externo, como una desincronía interna y por privación de sueño. Las consecuencias en salud asociadas se dan con mayor intensidad en turnos rotativos y nocturnos, e incluyen enfermedad coronaria, cerebrovascular, depresión, síndrome metabólico, riesgo de cáncer, obesidad, problemas reproductivos y en el embarazo, accidentabilidad y trastornos inmunológicos. Su manejo incluye la selección adecuada de quienes trabajan en turnos, el sentido racional de las rotaciones, el manejo apropiado de los cicladores externos (Zeitgebers, siestas programadas y farmacoterapia individualizada. En la medida que la evidencia científica sea cada vez más sólida y clara respecto a este tópico, deberán llenarse los vacíos legales pendientes respecto al tema.
La vida humana como principio interpretativo radical en la filosofía de Ortega y Gasset
Gutiérrez-Pozo,Antonio
2012-01-01
En este artículo presentamos el concepto de vida humana como texto eterno en el pensamiento de Ortega y sus consecuencias para el problema de la interpretación. La filosofía de la razón vital de Ortega se fundamenta en el concepto de vida humana como realidad radical y principio interpretativo universal, y por esta razón se presenta desde el principio como una filosofía hermenéutica de la vida y no como una reducción hacia la conciencia trascendental. Esta hermenéutica se practica especialmen...
Rodríguez Araneda, María José; Navarrete Moraga, Robinson; Bargsted Aravena, Mariana
2017-01-01
Resumen: Con base en la ética profesional en el ejercicio de la psicología del trabajo y las organizaciones, se realizó una investigación cualitativa desde el enfoque de la teoría fundamentada constructivista con el objetivo de describir problemas éticos reconocidos en procesos de reclutamiento y selección de personal, así como sus consecuencias, con la participación de 40 psicólogos nóveles chilenos. Los problemas reconocidos fueron discriminación, en especial de género, favorecer candidatos...
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Juan Pablo Vera Lugo
2015-07-01
Full Text Available Este artículo explora las consecuencias inesperadas de la Ley de Justicia y Paz promulgada en el año 2005 para desmovilizar los grupos paramilitares y reincorporarlos a la sociedad. Argumenta que si bien esta hizo énfasis en los procesos de desarme, desmovilización y reinserción de los combatientes a la sociedad, la incorporación de los principios de verdad, justicia y reparación a la norma transformó el marco interpretativo sobre el conflicto en Colombia y las formas de construcción histórica tradicional. Con ello, dio herramientas importantes de reorganización a grupos sociales y de víctimas. Teniendo en cuenta que las instituciones y organizaciones estudiadas en el artículo nacieron como reacción o resultado de la implementación de esta ley, se argumenta que la externalidad del derecho produjo consecuencias políticas y culturales positivas, no previstas por el legislador. Para estudiar este proceso de incorporación y apropiación de mecanismos de justicia transicional en ámbitos institucionales y organizativos, este texto se enfoca en los diferentes actores, grupos sociales, expertos, funcionarios, líderes sociales, etc., que negocian los términos en los cuales el pasado, el presente y el futuro pueden ser pensados, representados y reinterpretados bajo este nuevo marco.
La “Gran Soriano”: el periodismo como sostén de un dispositivo mitográfico
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Rogelio Demarchi
2016-09-01
Full Text Available Osvaldo Soriano (1943-1997 publicó cuatro libros de crónicas sobre la base de su producción periodística. Lo más significativo de ellos es que utiliza pequeños textos introductorios como sostén de un dispositivo mitográfico que abarca su trayectoria y sus vivencias. En consecuencia, se puede leer al Soriano-periodista y al Soriano-personaje como construcciones ficcionales del Soriano-autor.
Salazar, Andrés; Rodríguez, Luisa Fernanda; Daza, Rodrigo Antonio
2007-01-01
El embarazo adolescente constituye un evento vital de importantes repercusiones en distintas dimensiones de la mujer: estudio, estructura familiar, ocupación, proyecto de vida y estado civil. De ahí que se busque indagar sobre sus consecuencias sociales y económicas y verificar si tiene comportamiento hereditario. Con este fin se realizó, como criterio de inclusión para la muestra, un estudio de tipo retrospectivo transversal para el cual se entrevistó a 20 madres adolescentes, según las defi...
Benito Orejas, José Ignacio; Torres Morientes, Luis M.; Fernández Buey, Nieves; Rodríguez Velasco, Margarita; Morais Pérez, Darío
2014-01-01
[ES] Introducción y objetivo: Presentamos el caso clínico de un paciente que, a consecuencia de una mala postura cervical, manifiesta una sintomatología y exploración compatibles con tendinitis retrofaríngea, síndrome de Horner y plexopatía braquial del mismo lado. No habiendo encontrado en la literatura una descripción similar, analizamos las características y posible fisiopatología de esta rara asociación. Caso clínico: Tras consumir en exceso alcohol y drogas, un hombre joven se queda dorm...
Comunidades liquénicas como bioindicadores de calidad del aire del Valle de Aburrá
Jaramillo Ciro, Margarita María; Botero Botero, Liliana Rocío
2010-01-01
Los líquenes han sido propuestos como bioindicadores de la calidad del aire por su alta sensibilidad a los cambios que afectan su abundancia, biomasa y vitalidad. Para evaluar las afectaciones que los líquenes manifiestan como consecuencia de la contaminación atmosférica, se seleccionaron dos áreas de muestreo en los alrededores de dos estaciones de la red de monitoreo de calidad del aire RedAire: el edificio Miguel de Aguinaga con alta contaminación y la Universidad de Medellín ...
Comunidades liquénicas como bioindicadores de calidad del aire del Valle de Aburrá
Jaramillo Ciro, Margarita María; Botero Botero, Liliana Rocío
2010-01-01
Los líquenes han sido propuestos como bioindicadores de la calidad del aire por su alta sensibilidad a los cambios que afectan su abundancia, biomasa y vitalidad. Para evaluar las afectaciones que los líquenes manifiestan como consecuencia de la contaminación atmosférica, se seleccionaron dos áreas de muestreo en los alrededores de dos estaciones de la red de monitoreo de calidad del aire RedAire: el edificio Miguel de Aguinaga con alta contaminación y la Universidad de Medellín con baja cont...
Factores de riesgo y consecuencias de las caídas en los residentes de un Centro Geriátrico Asistido.
García Gollarte, J. F.; Antón, C.; Espejo Tort, Begoña
1994-01-01
Estudio Realizado sobre el fenómeno de las caídas con una muestro de 79 ancianos de un Centro Geriátrico Asistido para valorar la incidencia de determinados factores de riesgo intrínsecos y extrínsecos, así como sus consecuencias físicas y psíquicas (síndrome post-caída), evolución y tratamiento. El 80% de los ancianos sufrieron alguna caída. Las pruebas estadísticas realizadas mostraron que los ancianos que consumen benzodiacepinas e hipnóticos presentan mayor número de caídas que los que no...
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Anna Morero Beltrán
2015-02-01
Full Text Available El Real Decreto-Ley 16/2012, de 20 de abril, de “Medidas urgentes para garantizar la sostenibilidad del Sistema Nacional de Salud y mejorar la calidad y seguridad de sus prestaciones”, supuso la eliminación del derecho al acceso a la salud para las personas no inscritas en el Régimen de la Seguridad Social, poniendo así punto y final a la atención sanitaria gratuita y universal para toda la ciudadanía del Estado español. Como consecuencia de la aplicación de este Real Decreto-ley se ha generado un acceso desigual a un derecho humano básico y legalmente reconocido. Este artículo pretende ofrecer un diagnóstico del impacto de la eliminación de dicha atención en las personas inmigradas, concretamente en lo que se refiere a las mujeres, y de las consecuencias derivadas del Real Decreto-ley en materia de violencia contra las mujeres y de derechos sexuales y reproductivos. Además, este artículo tiene también como objetivo recoger el trabajo realizado por las organizaciones y plataformas surgidas para la reivindicación y la defensa del derecho a la salud. En ambos casos, se abordará de manera particular el caso de Cataluña.
El modelo europeo de matrimonio, evolución, determinantes y consecuencias
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BENITO CACHINERO SÁNCHEZ
1981-01-01
Full Text Available Se trata de un estudio demográfico sobre la evolución histórica del matrimonio en España, con especial atención en dos factores: la edad a la que se produce el matrimonio y la proporción de personas casadas dentro de una generación. El punto de partida teórico del que parte este estudio es el artículo de John Hajnals "European Marriage Patterns in Perspective". Se analizan dos consecuencias del modelo europeo de matrimonio tardío: la prolongación del período productivo durante el cual el individuo no tiene responsabilidades familiares, y la disminución de la fecundidad debido a la disminución del período de fertilidad durante el matrimonio. Sólo los países con un modelo demográfico basado en matrimonios tardíos han desarrollado un crecimiento económico moderno. El estancamiento socioeconómico de España se relaciona con la ausencia del modelo europeo como regulador del comportamiento demográfico.
Lozano Lucia, Óscar Raúl; Universitat de València. Departament de Didàctica de les Ciències Experimentals i Socials
2013-01-01
El presente trabajo consiste, esencialmente, en el análisis del uso de la ciencia recreativa, juegos, juguetes y experiencias recreativas de marcado carácter lúdico, en la enseñanza formal, las consecuencias posibles de su ausencia como metodología habitual en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, y los beneficios en dicho proceso que se pueden obtener al incorporarla habitualmente como actividades de aula, concretamente, el aumento en la motivación del alumnado y la mejora en la adquisición d...
La importancia del bicameralismo como garantía constitucional legislativa
Luque Bautista, Richard Jhony
2014-01-01
La investigación "IMPORTANCIA DEL BICAMERALISMO COMO GARANTÍA CONSTITUCIONAL LEGISLATIVA", busca conocer las causas y consecuencias del establecimiento en el Perú del sistema unicameral del poder legislativo y cuál es el balance de su incidencia en la vida peruana. Para tal fin, describimos el proceso histórico seguido por el Estado y la Sociedad peruana, en cuanto concierne a dicho poder del Estado. Ante la actual y creciente deslegitimación de esta modalidad legislativa, que incluso alienta...
Dotaciones para la recuperación de activos revertibles como deducibles del impuesto sobre sociedades
Duplá Marín, María José
2001-01-01
El objetivo final que nos propusimos con este trabajo de investigación fue profundizar en el estudio jurídico-tributario de las dotaciones al fondo de reversión como gasto deducible para determinar la base imponible del impuesto sobre sociedades, en aquellas sociedades concesionarias de servicios públicos con cláusula de reversión de activos, partiendo de su realidad contable.En consecuencia el trabajo se ciñe al estudio crítico de la regulación jurídica del fondo de reversión como gasto fisc...
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Raimundo Márquez Gurri
2012-12-01
Full Text Available The global climatic change that takes place in the current times has diverse origins, not causing few polemics and declarations from different areas of knowledge.The floods are part of the consequences of the phenomena that take place when crisis are accentuated and the environment deteriorates. This research presents some experiences in the employment of the geomatics tools for the minimi- zation of risks when there is the possibility of the occurrence of extraordinary events: strong rains in short periods of time and floods, as a consequence of the climatic change, particularizing in the com- munication roads, as antropics elements and the interruption of the natural course of the waters on the topographical relief and the impacts on phito- diversity.El cambio climático global que tiene lugar en los tiempos actuales tiene diversos orígenes, provo- cando no pocas polémicas y declaraciones prove- nientes de diferentes áreas del conocimiento. Las inundaciones son parte de las consecuencias de los fenómenos que ocurren en momentos en que las crisis se acentúan y el medio ambiente se deteriora. En este trabajo se presentan algunas experiencias en el empleo de las herramientas geomáticas para la minimización de riesgos, ante la posibilidad de la ocurrencia de eventos extraordinarios: fuertes llu- vias en cortos periodos de tiempo e inundaciones, como consecuencia del cambio climático, particula- rizando en las vías de comunicación como elemen- tos antrópicos, la interrupción del curso natural de las aguas sobre el relieve topográfico y los impactos sobre la fitodiversidad que acontecen como resulta- do de las mismas.
La vida humana como principio interpretativo radical en la filosofía de Ortega y Gasset
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Antonio Gutiérrez-Pozo
2012-12-01
Full Text Available En este artículo presentamos el concepto de vida humana como texto eterno en el pensamiento de Ortega y sus consecuencias para el problema de la interpretación. La filosofía de la razón vital de Ortega se fundamenta en el concepto de vida humana como realidad radical y principio interpretativo universal, y por esta razón se presenta desde el principio como una filosofía hermenéutica de la vida y no como una reducción hacia la conciencia trascendental. Esta hermenéutica se practica especialmente en el ámbito del arte. Pero para Ortega todo texto es hermenéutico y necesita por tanto la interpretación, porque ningún texto posee en sí mismo su verdad.
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Alexis Mondaca Miranda
2010-01-01
Full Text Available En esta investigación se estudia el error inducido por dolo como vicio de la voluntad en el matrimonio. Luego de analizar la disciplina del error durante la vigencia de la Ley de Matrimonio Civil de i884, se explica la no relevancia de una regulación expresa del error doloso, para finalmente referirnos a los requisitos y a las consecuencias del error producido por dolo como origen de la falta de un libre y espontáneo consentimiento matrimonial.This paper analyses the error induced by fraud of one party as a defect of the spouse's will in marriage. After a [broad] explanation of the error regime under the Civil Marriage Act of 1884, the author demonstrates the irrelevance of the [current] absence of regulation for error. Finally the investigation is focused on requirements and consequences of the misrepresentation causedby fraud as a ground of the lack of marital consent.
Efectos en la calidad del aprendizaje como consecuencia del uso de computador en escolares
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Alberto Vélez Van Meerbeke
2009-06-01
Full Text Available El uso de computadores como apoyo pedagógico orientado a incentivar el interés y el desarrollo de nuevas formas de pensar y de solucionar problemas puede ser un instrumento útil en la enseñanza del código lector. Estudios realizados con preescolares y escolares han demostrado un mejor rendimiento escolar y un efecto positivo en habilidades de lectura, matemáticas, y en general cognitivas, en niños que utilizan un computador con software educativo quince a veinte minutos por día. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la progresión de las habilidades verbales, integración viso-motora y de lectura en niños que usaron computadores y compararlos con un grupo que continuó con la educación tradicional. Todos los niños fueron estudiados antes de iniciar la intervención pedagógica. La evaluación inicial mostró una puntuación inferior para la edad en todas las pruebas aplicadas. El 11% de la población estudiada se catalogó como en alto riesgo de tener problemas en el aprendizaje. En la segunda evaluación se encontró un cambio positivo respecto a la puntuación inicial. Sin embargo, a excepción de algunos ítems, no se encontraron diferencias signifi cativas al comparar los grupos de uso o no de computadores. En conclusión, las políticas acerca del uso de computadores deben ser revaluadas, pues los niños de nuestras escuelas públicas provienen de ambientes privados de oportunidades para el uso de tecnología
¿Cómo y dónde evalúa el cerebro las consecuencias de nuestras decisiones?
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José L. Pardo-Vázquez
2010-02-01
Full Text Available Para aprender de la experiencia y ajustar nuestro comportamiento necesitamos evaluar las consecuencias de nuestra conducta. ¿Cómo y dónde tiene lugar esta evaluación en el cerebro? Recientemente hemos descrito que la información necesaria para alcanzar una decisión y evaluar sus consecuencias está representada en la corteza premotora ventral.
Consecuencias pedagógicas de la mirada y el tacto en expresión corporal
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Inma Canales Lacruz
2006-12-01
Full Text Available Esta investigación ahonda en la comunicación no verbal suscitada en actividades del ámbito de la expresión corporal, centrándose su objeto de estudio en el análisis de las vivencias del alumnado procedentes de dichas actividades. El tipo de comunicación no verbal que es de interés para el desarrollo de este estudio es el que hace referencia a la interacción táctil y la interacción visual que es desencadenado en el desarrollo de las actividades expresivas. Para llevar a cabo esta investigación se consideró oportuno aplicar una metodología fenomenológica, y más concretamente, se utilizaron cómo métodos el Diario de prácticas y el Análisis de contenido. De esta manera, se ha podido registrar, clasificar y analizar las consecuencias de comportamiento que atañen los dos tipos de interacción registradas para este estudio. Se ha constatado cómo el individuo no permanece indiferente cuando experimenta alguno de estos dos tipos de interacción social, ya sea la acción de mirar o de tocar. Estas modificaciones de conducta poseen unas consecuencias pedagógicas que deben ser tenidas en cuenta, para así, incorporar recursos didácticos que mejoren la intervención educativa. En este sentido, y como uno de los resultados obtenidos de la aplicación de los dichos métodos de investigación, este estudio propone un programa de intervención didáctica que organice las tareas de expresión corporal con el fin de mejorar la intervención docente, para así, favorecer la praxis del alumnado en las sesiones de expresión corporal.
Testigos del Terror. Entendiendo el Sentido y las Consecuencias del Terrorismo
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Maximiliano Korstanje
2012-12-01
Full Text Available Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Para muchos, el 11 de Septiembre se instala como una fecha que ha calado hondo en el epicentro del desastre. Cabe recordar como tres vuelos comerciales, según el discurso oficial, fueron dirigidos contra las torres del World Trade Center y el Pentágono. Más que los daños materiales y las víctimas, el efecto fue profundamente simbólico, debido a que tres de los signos más representativos de los Estados Unidos de América habían sido destruidos. Mientras el 11/9 fue rápidamente etiquetado y vendido al mundo como una precondición para los tiempos turbulentos por venir, Atocha en Madrid significó el final de la administración Aznar. Aun cuando para Estados Unidos, el atentado permitió mantener al gobierno en el poder, en España las consecuencias fueron en una dirección de 180 grados. Acusado de haber manipulado evidencia para culpar a ETA (la guerrilla etarra, Aznar fue desprestigiado y posteriormente derrotado en las elecciones frente a la izquierda. Ello sugiere dos preguntas por demás interesantes, ¿cuáles son los objetivos que definen al terrorismo?, ¿es el terrorismo un fenómeno enraizado en la violencia política?. /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabela normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}
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Pedro Álvarez Briceño
2009-09-01
Full Text Available El presente trabajo ofrece un análisis de los riesgos psicosociales desde una perspectiva legal y sus implicaciones para el empleador o patrono luego del reconocimiento como enfermedad ocupacional por parte del Inpsasel. Se realizó una investigación cualitativa, clasificándose el estudio como una investigación documental, no experimental. El diseño de investigación fue documental explicativo.Las unidades de análisis para el desarrollo de los tópicos investigados fueron las leyes y normas que rigen la materia de salud y seguridad laboral en nuestro país:LOPCYMAT (2005; Reglamento de la LOPCYMAT (2007; la norma técnicas de INPSASEL NT- 02-2008; las Sentencias del Tribunal Supremo de Justicia (2008, 2005, 2004, 2003, 2000; la Ley Orgánica del Trabajo (1997; el Código Civil (1982 y el Código Penal (2005 y los diferentes estudios e investigaciones desarrollados por instituciones e investigadores de prestigio internacional y nacional en materia de riesgos psicosociales. Se concluye, en primer lugar, que la responsabilidad legal de prevención de los riesgos psicosociales, recae sobre los mandos superiores: Gerentes, Ejecutivos, que actúan a nombre y por la empresa y finalmente se hace necesaria una adecuada comprensión de los riesgos psicosociales y sus factores para una prevención efectiva.
Leonardo Díez, María Montserrat
2015-01-01
La enfermería se describe como una profesión vocacional, de ayuda y cuidados con elevados niveles de responsabilidad, en la que las relaciones interpersonales y las exigencias sociales juegan un importante papel. Por lo que se transcribe no sólo como una profesión agotadora físicamente sino también emocionalmente; dichos factores la engloban como el marcaje perfecto del conocido estrés laboral crónico o síndrome de burnout. Este síndrome se define como aquel cansancio emocional, consecuencia ...
Mendieta, C.; Duarte, A.
2009-01-01
Los ataques por animales acuáticos, y especialmente los producidos por tiburón y cocodrilo, son muy poco frecuentes. Se han descrito ataques por tiburón en países como Australia, Sudáfrica, Brasil, Bahamas, México y Puerto Rico, algunos con resultado fatal en los últimos cinco años. En Panamá, los casos descritos de ataques por escualo son escasos, siendo el último descrito con resultado no fatal en julio de 2008 en una playa de la localidad de San Carlos mientras que el último caso fatal se ...
Muertes por homicidio, consecuencia fatal de la violencia: el caso de Mexico, 1979-1992
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María Victoria López
1996-02-01
Full Text Available Se analizaron las muertes registradas como homicidio en México de 1979-1992. El estudio se basó en fuente secundaria, siendo las variables analizadas: año, edad, sexo y causa externa de traumatismos y envenenamientos según CIE IX Rev.(E960-E969. Se utilizó un modelo de regresión Poisson para las causas más frecuentes, obteniendo riesgos relativos según edad y sexo. El grupo de referencia fue el de 10-14 años y el sexo femenino. Se registraron 198,485 muertes por Homicidio, con un promedio anual de 14,177 y diario de 39. La principal causa fue ataque con arma de fuego y explosivos(56%. El riesgo relativo más alto fue para el grupo de 35-39 años, con RR 15,4 IC(95% 14,9-16,0, en comparación al de referencia. El sexo masculino presentó un riesgo relativo 10,1 veces mayor que el femenino, ajustado por edad IC10.0-10.3. Los resultados llaman la atención sobre la necesidad de profundizar y analizar el problema de los homicidios bajo una perspectiva multidisciplinaria.
Muertes por homicidio, consecuencia fatal de la violencia: el caso de Mexico, 1979-1992
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López María Victoria
1996-01-01
Full Text Available Se analizaron las muertes registradas como homicidio en México de 1979-1992. El estudio se basó en fuente secundaria, siendo las variables analizadas: año, edad, sexo y causa externa de traumatismos y envenenamientos según CIE IX Rev.(E960-E969. Se utilizó un modelo de regresión Poisson para las causas más frecuentes, obteniendo riesgos relativos según edad y sexo. El grupo de referencia fue el de 10-14 años y el sexo femenino. Se registraron 198,485 muertes por Homicidio, con un promedio anual de 14,177 y diario de 39. La principal causa fue ataque con arma de fuego y explosivos(56%. El riesgo relativo más alto fue para el grupo de 35-39 años, con RR 15,4 IC(95% 14,9-16,0, en comparación al de referencia. El sexo masculino presentó un riesgo relativo 10,1 veces mayor que el femenino, ajustado por edad IC10.0-10.3. Los resultados llaman la atención sobre la necesidad de profundizar y analizar el problema de los homicidios bajo una perspectiva multidisciplinaria.
Obesidad y enfermedad renal: consecuencias ocultas de la epidemia
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Csaba P. Kovesdy
2017-07-01
Full Text Available La obesidad se ha convertido en una epidemia mundial, y se ha proyectado que su prevalencia se incrementrá en un 40% en la próxima década. Esta creciente prevalencia supone implicaciones tanto para el riesgo de desarrollo de diabetes y enfermedades cardiovasculares como para el desarrollo de enfermedad renal crónica. Un elevado índice de masa corporal es uno de los factores de riesgo más importantes para el desarrollo de enfermedad renal crónica. En individuos afectados por la obesidad, tiene lugar una hiperfiltración compensatoria necesaria para alcanzar la alta demanda metabólica secundaria al aumento del peso corporal. El incremeno de la presión intraglomerular puede generar daño renal y elevar el riesgo de desarrollar enfermedad renal crónica a largo plazo. La incidencia de glomerulopatía asociada a obesidad se ha incrementado 10 veces en los últimos años. Así mismo se ha demostrado que la obesidad es un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de nefrolitiasis y un número de neoplasias, incluyendo cáncer renal. Este año, el Día Mundial del Riñón promueve la educación acerca de las consecuencias nocivas de la obesidad y su asociación con la enfermedad renal, abogando por un estilo de vida saludable y la implementación de políticas publicas de salud que promuevan medidas preventivas alcanzables.
Value of CT in the Discrimination of Fatal from Non-Fatal Stercoral Colitis
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Wu, Cheng Hsien; Huang, Chen Chin; Wang, Li Jen; Wong, Yon Cheng; Wang, Chao Jan; Lo, Wang Chak; Lin, Being Chuan; Wan, Yung Liang; Haueh, Chuen [Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan (China)
2012-06-15
Clinical presentation and physical signs may be unreliable in the diagnosis of stercoral colitis (SC). This study evaluates the value of computed tomography (CT) in distinguishing fatal from non-fatal SC. Ten patients diagnosed as SC were obtained from inter-specialist conferences. Additional 13 patients with suspected SC were identified via the Radiology Information System (RIS). These patients were divided into two groups; fatal and non-fatal SCs. Their CT images are reviewed by two board-certified radiologists blinded to the clinical data and radiographic reports. SC occurred in older patients and displayed no gender predisposition. There was significant correlation between fatal SC and CT findings of dense mucosa (p 0.017), perfusion defects (p = 0.026), ascites (p = 0.023), or abnormal gas (p = 0.033). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of dense mucosa were 71%, 86%, and 81%, respectively. These figures were 75%, 79%, and 77% for perfusion defects; 75%, 80%, and 78% for ascites; and 50%, 93%, and 78% for abnormal gas, respectively. Each CT sign of mucosal sloughing and pericolonic abscess displayed high specificity of 100% and 93% for diagnosing fatal SC, respectively. However, this did not reach statistical significance in diagnosing fatal SC. CT appears to be valuable in discriminating fatal from non-fatal SC.
Value of CT in the Discrimination of Fatal from Non-Fatal Stercoral Colitis
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Wu, Cheng Hsien; Huang, Chen Chin; Wang, Li Jen; Wong, Yon Cheng; Wang, Chao Jan; Lo, Wang Chak; Lin, Being Chuan; Wan, Yung Liang; Haueh, Chuen
2012-01-01
Clinical presentation and physical signs may be unreliable in the diagnosis of stercoral colitis (SC). This study evaluates the value of computed tomography (CT) in distinguishing fatal from non-fatal SC. Ten patients diagnosed as SC were obtained from inter-specialist conferences. Additional 13 patients with suspected SC were identified via the Radiology Information System (RIS). These patients were divided into two groups; fatal and non-fatal SCs. Their CT images are reviewed by two board-certified radiologists blinded to the clinical data and radiographic reports. SC occurred in older patients and displayed no gender predisposition. There was significant correlation between fatal SC and CT findings of dense mucosa (p 0.017), perfusion defects (p = 0.026), ascites (p = 0.023), or abnormal gas (p = 0.033). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of dense mucosa were 71%, 86%, and 81%, respectively. These figures were 75%, 79%, and 77% for perfusion defects; 75%, 80%, and 78% for ascites; and 50%, 93%, and 78% for abnormal gas, respectively. Each CT sign of mucosal sloughing and pericolonic abscess displayed high specificity of 100% and 93% for diagnosing fatal SC, respectively. However, this did not reach statistical significance in diagnosing fatal SC. CT appears to be valuable in discriminating fatal from non-fatal SC.
La mundialización del Darwinismo como proceso y como texto
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Olga Matilde Restrepo Forero
2009-10-01
Full Text Available El fenómeno de la difusión del Darwinismo ha sido ampliamente estudiado. No solo existe una “Industria de Darwin” que se ha ocupado de investigar cómo se produjo la obra de Darwin, sino que también existe una “Industria de la Difusión del Darwinismo”, que investiga los procesos de recepción del Darwinismo en diversas partes del mundo. En el artículo se cuestiona la separación entre los estudios que examinan la producción del Origen de las especies y los que estudian su posterior difusión, considerados como procesos completamente independientes. Con base en unos pocos ejemplos, se muestra cómo Darwin fue produciendo y modificando su obra a partir de las contribuciones que fue recogiendo en diferentes partes del mundo y a partir de las respuestas que fue recibiendo a medida que su obra era comentada y discutida. Fianlmente se examina cómo al estudiar la mundialización del darwinismo surge el problema de cómo definir el fenómeno bajo estudio, si con una perspectiva normativa, que imponga un orden en la proliferación de sentidos que surge como consecuencia de la expansión, o con una perspectiva no-esencialista que más bien sitúe al darwinismo en relación con sus diferentes usos y apropiaciones locales.
States with low non-fatal injury rates have high fatality rates and vice-versa.
Mendeloff, John; Burns, Rachel
2013-05-01
State-level injury rates or fatality rates are sometimes used in studies of the impact of various safety programs or other state policies. How much does the metric used affect the view of relative occupational risks among U.S. states? This paper uses a measure of severe injuries (fatalities) and of less severe injuries (non-fatal injuries with days away from work, restricted work, or job transfer-DART) to examine that issue. We looked at the correlation between the average DART injury rate (from the BLS Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses) and an adjusted average fatality rate (from the BLS Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries) in the construction sector for states for 2003-2005 and for 2006-2008. The RAND Human Subjects Protection Committee determined that this study was exempt from review. The correlations between the fatal and non-fatal injury rates were between -0.30 and -0.70 for all construction and for the subsector of special trade contractors. The negative correlation was much smaller between the rate of fatal falls from heights and the rate of non-fatal falls from heights. Adjusting for differences in the industry composition of the construction sector across states had minor effects on these results. Although some have suggested that fatal and non-fatal injury rates should not necessarily be positively correlated, no one has suggested that the correlation is negative, which is what we find. We know that reported non-fatal rates are influenced by workers' compensation benefits and other factors. Fatality rates appear to be a more valid measure of risk. Efforts to explain the variations that we find should be undertaken. Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Andrés Gómez Rey
2015-01-01
Full Text Available El presente artículo de reflexión desea exponer cómo los regímenes de transición del licenciamiento ambiental colombiano han traído como consecuencia dificultades sobre la evaluación, el seguimiento y el control de las ac- tividades que impactan los recursos naturales y por ende sobre el ejercicio de derechos colectivos. Para mostrarlo se utilizará el contenido del artículo 40 del derogado De- creto 1220 de 2005 para así ver: a cómo algunas acciones adoptadas en pro y defensa del ambiente, por las entida- des que componen el Sistema Nacional Ambiental, posi- blemente comprendan conflictos de competencia, que al ser resueltos hagan nugatorias las decisiones de al menos una de las enfrentadas, y b la utilización de las compe- tencias diferenciadas (sin conflicto, las cuales tendrán como consecuencia la nugación del derecho real de uso precario (Devis, 1944 que sobre los recursos naturales se otorga a los particulares a través de las diversas autoriza- ciones administrativas ambientales. AbstractTo show how transition regimes of Colombian envi- ronmental licensing carry difficulties out on assessment, following and activities control and their impact on nat- ural resources over exercise of these collective rights are addressed in this reflection paper. The content of repealed Article 40, Decree No. 1220 dated 2005 is used to show a the actions taken within Environmental National System defending and caring of environment, making possible to figure out conflict of competences and once resolved, renders nugatory the decisions by at least one of the par- ties involved and b different competences use, which will have as a consequence the ineffectiveness real use of nat- ural resources right (Devis, 1944, throughout different environmental administrative authorizations granted to individuals.
Control percibido por mujeres de edad mediana como educadoras para la sexualidad del niño preescolar
Díaz Llanes, Guillermo
2007-01-01
La construcción social de género, ha propiciado la identificación por la salud pública de la mujer como grupo vulnerable en la mayoría de los países. No obstante, dentro de este amplio grupo, existen subgrupos como los de la edad mediana de la vida (40-59 años) y las cuidadoras de enfermos, senescentes y niños, que por diversas razones estarían más expuestas al distres psicológico, el bajo bienestar subjetivo y por ende a enfermedades de diversas índole, básicamente a consecuencia de un insuf...
Albion's fatal tree . Crime and society in eighteenth-century England
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Rita de Cássia Germano
1983-12-01
Full Text Available Hay, Douglas (org. . Albion's fatal tree . Crime and society in eighteenth-century England . New York, Pantheon Books, 1975, 353 p ., il. , mapas. (primeiro parágrafo do texto A obra coletiva Albion's Fatal Tree. Crime and Society in Eighteenth-Century England, tem como preocupação fundamental a história social da Inglaterra no séc. XVIII, localizando as interrelações entre Lei, ideologia e realidade social, mais a definição de crime na época; estudam os Autores a própria criminalidade, as ofensas à propriedade, os criminosos e os mitos populares sobre eles. Se por um lado parece existir uma multiplicação do "crime" (as estatísticas não são claras a respeito, por outro lado a questão não parece ser o aumento da incidência do "crime", e sim a sua constante redefinição por parte de uma oligarquia consciente de suas propriedades. Quando pressente no recrudescimento dos atentados, multiplicam também os estatutos, passando a punir até com a pena de morte atividades até então consideradas veniais ou inocentes, como o roubo de lenha, a caça em propriedade alheia, ou cartas anônimas de tom ameaçador. A oligarquia dominante, cujo valor supremo é a propriedade, encontra seu embasamento visível e material sobretudo na ideologia e na prática da Lei. A "Tyburn Tree", como bem compreendeu William Blake, encontrava-se no centro desta ideologia, e seus rituais estavam também no cerne da cultura popular (pag. 13 .
Ordóñez Rivera, Marcia Fernanda
2016-01-01
Este trabajo de investigación tiene como título: Análisis sistémico estructural sobre la negligencia intrafamiliar y sus consecuencias psicosociales, hacia niños y niñas de séptimo de básica de la escuela Ignacio Escandón de la ciudad de Cuenca; parroquia Yanuncay, durante el año lectivo 2011-2012. El objetivo principal es detectar la negligencia intrafamiliar hacia los niños y niñas y sus consecuencias psicosociales, analizando las características y sus problemáticas para encontrar las mejo...
Quiroa Muñoz, Yolanda Herminia
2014-01-01
En el presente trabajo de investigación enfocaremos aspectos tan importantes de la vida diaria como es la industria cosmética; el objetivo del trabajo se basa en determinar qué consecuencias producen en la salud las sustancias inorgánicas utilizadas en la elaboración de los cosméticos conociendo sus propiedades fisico químico. La ejecución del estudio se realiza a través de la aplicación de la siguiente metodología para contrastación de la hipótesis; análisis del cosmético, identificación de ...
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Helmer Ringgren
1967-02-01
Full Text Available The author sketches the historical background, then the teaching of the Koran, and finally, the development of the typical Islamic fatalism. The fatalism of Islam has to be viewed against the background of the ideas of pre-Islamic Arabia. Unfortunately, there is no other evidence from this epoch that a few poems on a very restricted range of topics which have been able to survive Islamic censure. The conventional and stereotyped character of these poems makes it difficult to decide to what extent they reflect commonly accepted views or the ideas of a certain group. In any case, they present a picture of the pagan Arab which is extremely idealized and formed after a rigid pattern. Historically speaking, Islamic 'fatalism' is the result of a combination of pre-Islamic fatalism and Muhammad's belief in God's omnipotence. From another point of view it is an interpretation of destiny that expresses man's feeling of total dependence, not on an impersonal power or universal order, but on an omnipotent God.
Estimating cost ratio distribution between fatal and non-fatal road accidents in Malaysia
Hamdan, Nurhidayah; Daud, Noorizam
2014-07-01
Road traffic crashes are a global major problem, and should be treated as a shared responsibility. In Malaysia, road accident tragedies kill 6,917 people and injure or disable 17,522 people in year 2012, and government spent about RM9.3 billion in 2009 which cost the nation approximately 1 to 2 percent loss of gross domestic product (GDP) reported annually. The current cost ratio for fatal and non-fatal accident used by Ministry of Works Malaysia simply based on arbitrary value of 6:4 or equivalent 1.5:1 depends on the fact that there are six factors involved in the calculation accident cost for fatal accident while four factors for non-fatal accident. The simple indication used by the authority to calculate the cost ratio is doubted since there is lack of mathematical and conceptual evidence to explain how this ratio is determined. The main aim of this study is to determine the new accident cost ratio for fatal and non-fatal accident in Malaysia based on quantitative statistical approach. The cost ratio distributions will be estimated based on Weibull distribution. Due to the unavailability of official accident cost data, insurance claim data both for fatal and non-fatal accident have been used as proxy information for the actual accident cost. There are two types of parameter estimates used in this study, which are maximum likelihood (MLE) and robust estimation. The findings of this study reveal that accident cost ratio for fatal and non-fatal claim when using MLE is 1.33, while, for robust estimates, the cost ratio is slightly higher which is 1.51. This study will help the authority to determine a more accurate cost ratio between fatal and non-fatal accident as compared to the official ratio set by the government, since cost ratio is an important element to be used as a weightage in modeling road accident related data. Therefore, this study provides some guidance tips to revise the insurance claim set by the Malaysia road authority, hence the appropriate method
El alcoholismo como enfermedad social en la España de la Restauración : problemas de definición
Huertas García-Alejo, Rafael
1991-01-01
En el presente trabajo se estudia la complejidad de la definición del alcoholismo durante la Restauración en España. La peculiar manera de "enfermar", a través de la ingestión voluntaria de bebidas alcohólicas, ayudó a configurar un discurso en torno al alcoholismo en el que primó la idea de vicio y voluntariedad del bebedor. La moralización como forma de lucha antialcohólica, fue la consecuencia normal de este discurso. Ahora bien, el alcoholismo también fue definido como enfermedad social, ...
Estrés en la actividad administrativa de enfermería: consecuencias para la salud
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Jorge Luiz Lima da Silva
2013-07-01
Full Text Available Las actividades realizadas por los enfermeros incluyen las funciones de asistencia y administración que pueden generar sobrecarga de trabajo. Objetivo: describir los factores que causan estrés en las tareas administrativas de los enfermeros y reflexionar sobre sus implicaciones para la salud de este profesional. Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo que utilizó como fuente de información la revisión de la literatura, con trabajos publicados entre 2001 a 2011, para la construcción de la discusión del texto reflexivo. Discusión: se fundamentó en la descripción de los factores causales de estrés en las tareas administrativas del personal de enfermería y sus consecuencias para los profesionales de la salud. Conclusión: las actividades de administrativas relacionadas a la planificación y gestión del personal de enfermería aumentan la carga de estrés que se suman a las tareas de cuidado. Esta situación perjudica a la salud y el bienestar en que se manifiesta a través del agotamiento físico, mental y trastornos psicosomáticos. Por lo expuesto, deben ser propuestas acciones que busquen mejores condiciones de trabajo y mitigar el estrés de los enfermeros en el ambiente del trabajo. Se perciben deficiencias que pueden ser perjudiciales para la calidad de vida de los trabajadores, hecho alarmante, en una realidad social en que la salud del trabajador ha sido considerada y valorada como derecho inalienable.
Pinz?n Rivera, Grethel Yessenia
2016-01-01
El presente caso de estudio tiene el objetivo de analizar diferentes movimientos que surgieron en el a?o 2011 como consecuencia de la crisis financiera del a?o 2008 y su impacto en la sociedad civil. En primer lugar se analiza el Movimiento de los Indignados de Espa?a (15M), originado el 15 de mayo del 2011, y en segundo lugar se estudian las movilizaciones que surgieron en Estados Unidos el 17 de septiembre del mismo a?o conocidas como Occuppy Wall Street. Esta investigaci?n quiere evidencia...
Efecto de la anemia en el desarrollo infantil: consecuencias a largo plazo
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Nelly Zavaleta
Full Text Available RESUMEN La anemia en niños menores de tres años es un problema de salud pública en el Perú y el mundo. Se estima que la causa principal de la anemia, aunque no la única, es la deficiencia de hierro. Existen muchos estudios y revisiones sobre cómo esta carencia en los infantes impacta negativamente en el desarrollo psicomotor y, a pesar de corregirse la anemia, los niños con este antecedente presentan, a largo plazo, un menor desempeño en las áreas cognitiva, social y emocional. Estos hallazgos se describen en estudios observacionales, de seguimiento, así como en experimentales con grupo control. La anemia puede disminuir el desempeño escolar, y la productividad en la vida adulta, afectando la calidad de vida, y en general la economía de las personas afectadas. Se describen algunos posibles mecanismos de cómo la deficiencia de hierro, con o sin anemia, podría afectar el desarrollo en la infancia; por ello, causa preocupación la alta prevalencia de anemia que se observa en este grupo de edad. La prevención de la anemia en el primer año de vida debe ser la meta para evitar consecuencias en el desarrollo de la persona a largo plazo.
Revisoría fiscal y control fiscal como formas de control estatal en Colombia
Archibold Barrios, Wendell Graham
2013-01-01
El fenómeno de la corrupción es un flagelo que ha afectado a las estructuras democráticas de los estados. En consecuencia, estos han adoptado medidas de carácter constitucional orientadas a mitigar sus efectos. El control fiscal emerge como el eslabón de mayor relevancia en la cadena de custodia de los recursos pertenecientes al Estado. El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar la influencia de la revisoría fiscal en el ejercicio del control fiscal estatal en Colombia, en virtud de lo est...
El desempeño profesoral universitario lo pensamos como consecuencia de la flexibilización curricular
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Javier Alfredo Fayad Sierra
2015-10-01
Full Text Available Este escrito quiere aportar con algunos elementos para el debate en las unidades académicas de las universidades, que cumplieron sus procesos de acreditación de calidad y alta calidad, pero que tienen dificultades para dar cuenta por la evaluación del “desempeño profesoral”. Consideramos que para este propósito es necesario sustentar una concepción particular de la flexibilización curricular en la universidad, como principio fundamental del “desempeño profesoral”, que nos permita reflexionar sobre la esencia de la universidad y sus fundamentos, como una de las tantas sustentaciones que necesitamos para salir de la muy citada “crisis universitaria”. AbstractThis document pretends to contribute some elements for the debate within the academic unities of the universities that accomplished their processes of quality and high quality certification, but which still present some difficulties in the process of “teachers´ performance”. We consider that for this specific purpose, it is necessary to maintain a particular conception of the curricular flexibility in the university, as a fundamental principle of the “teachers´ performance”, which lets us think about the essence of the university and its foundations, as one of the different elements that we need to overcome the so-called u “universitarian crisis”.
[Fatal occupational accidents in Lombardy].
Pianosi, G
1995-01-01
All fatal occupational accidents compensated in Lombardy from 1984 to 1989 were analyzed (1259 cases): significant differences between geographical distribution of fatal occupational accidents and workers were observed. Males accounted for about 95% of fatalities; an excess of cases was shown in both young and elderly workers. Death was the consequence of injuries involving most frequently the head, thorax and spinal cord. An excess of fatalities was observed in agriculture and, at a lower level, in manufacturing industries; small enterprises were involved in approximately 25% of fatalities occurring in the manufacturing industries and services. Employers were the victims of fatal accidents in 50% of cases in agriculture and in 70% of cases in craft industries. Construction, agriculture and transport accounted for about 50% of all fatalities. About 50% of fatal occupational accidents were related to vehicle use: the victim was the driver in the majority of cases, sometimes the victim was run over by a vehicle or fell from a vehicle. The results agree with some previous observations (e.g.: sex and age distribution; construction, agriculture and transport as working activities at high accident risk); but some original observations have emerged, in particular about the frequency of employers as victims and the role of vehicles in the genesis of fatal occupational accidents. If further studies confirm these latter observations, important developments could follow in preventive action design and implementation.
La violencia escolar como régimen de visibilidad
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Oscar Fernando Forero-Londoño
2011-01-01
Full Text Available Este escrito aborda los discursos sobre la violencia escolar y los asume como regímenes de visibilidad que se construyen históricamente. Además, expone de manera esquemática cómo son asumidas las nociones de juventud, cultura escolar y cultura juvenil en los estudios sobre la violencia escolar. Reflexionar sociológicamente sobre las diversas formas de definir la violencia escolar y su relación con las poblaciones en condición juvenil implica asumir que las determinaciones analíticas de estas categorías coadyuvan a conservar o transformar la realidad y que, en consecuencia, la mirada del investigador social es una mirada al mismo tiempo política.
Estimation of fatality and injury risk by means of in-depth fatal accident investigation data.
Yannis, George; Papadimitriou, Eleonora; Dupont, Emmanuelle; Martensen, Heike
2010-10-01
In this article the factors affecting fatality and injury risk of road users involved in fatal accidents are analyzed by means of in-depth accident investigation data, with emphasis on parameters not extensively explored in previous research. A fatal accident investigation (FAI) database is used, which includes intermediate-level in-depth data for a harmonized representative sample of 1300 fatal accidents in 7 European countries. The FAI database offers improved potential for analysis, because it includes information on a number of variables that are seldom available, complete, or accurately recorded in road accident databases. However, the fact that only fatal accidents are examined requires for methodological adjustments, namely, the correction for two types of effects on a road user's baseline risk: "accident size" effects, and "relative vulnerability" effects. Fatality and injury risk can be then modeled through multilevel logistic regression models, which account for the hierarchical dependences of the road accident process. The results show that the baseline fatality risk of road users involved in fatal accidents decreases with accident size and increases with the vulnerability of the road user. On the contrary, accident size increases nonfatal injury risk of road users involved in fatal accidents. Other significant effects on fatality and injury risk in fatal accidents include road user age, vehicle type, speed limit, the chain of accident events, vehicle maneuver, and safety equipment. In particular, the presence and use of safety equipment such as seat belt, antilock braking system (ABS), and electronic stability program (ESP) are protection factors for car occupants, especially for those seated at the front seats. Although ABS and ESP systems are typically associated with positive effects on accident occurrence, the results of this research revealed significant related effects on accident severity as well. Moreover, accident consequences are more severe
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Ing-Kit Lee
Full Text Available BACKGROUND: A better description of the clinical and laboratory manifestations of fatal patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF is important in alerting clinicians of severe dengue and improving management. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Of 309 adults with DHF, 10 fatal patients and 299 survivors (controls were retrospectively analyzed. Regarding causes of fatality, massive gastrointestinal (GI bleeding was found in 4 patients, dengue shock syndrome (DSS alone in 2; DSS/subarachnoid hemorrhage, Klebsiella pneumoniae meningitis/bacteremia, ventilator associated pneumonia, and massive GI bleeding/Enterococcus faecalis bacteremia each in one. Fatal patients were found to have significantly higher frequencies of early altered consciousness (≤24 h after hospitalization, hypothermia, GI bleeding/massive GI bleeding, DSS, concurrent bacteremia with/without shock, pulmonary edema, renal/hepatic failure, and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Among those experienced early altered consciousness, massive GI bleeding alone/with uremia/with E. faecalis bacteremia, and K. pneumoniae meningitis/bacteremia were each found in one patient. Significantly higher proportion of bandemia from initial (arrival laboratory data in fatal patients as compared to controls, and higher proportion of pre-fatal leukocytosis and lower pre-fatal platelet count as compared to initial laboratory data of fatal patients were found. Massive GI bleeding (33.3% and bacteremia (25% were the major causes of pre-fatal leukocytosis in the deceased patients; 33.3% of the patients with pre-fatal profound thrombocytopenia (<20,000/µL, and 50% of the patients with pre-fatal prothrombin time (PT prolongation experienced massive GI bleeding. CONCLUSIONS: Our report highlights causes of fatality other than DSS in patients with severe dengue, and suggested hypothermia, leukocytosis and bandemia may be warning signs of severe dengue. Clinicians should be alert to the potential development of massive GI bleeding
Clinical Features of Fatal Asthma
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Chiung-Zuei Chen
2006-05-01
Full Text Available To characterize the clinical features of fatal asthma, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics of patients who died of an acute asthma attack in our hospital during a 15-year period from 1989 to 2003. Twelve patients had fatal asthma during this period, including eight who were dead on arrival in the emergency room (ER and three who died within 1 hour of admission to the ER. Patients were categorized into three groups according to the clinical presentations during the fatal attack: (1 rapid (< 3 hours decompensation in four patients; (2 gradual development of respiratory failure over several days in two patients; and (3 acute deterioration after unstable asthma lasting several days in six patients. All patients in groups 1 and 2 had reported previous near-fatal attacks. The proportion of young patients was highest in group 3, with half of them (3/6 younger than 35 years of age. Only one patient in group 3 had had a previous near-fatal attack. Five of the seven patients, with previous near-fatal attacks, had a pattern of decompensation during their fatal attack that was similar to their previous attacks. In conclusion, nearly all patients with fatal asthma in this study died outside of the hospital or within 1 hour after admission to the ER. Patients had patterns of decompensation during the fatal attack that were similar to those of their previous attacks. Early detection of warning signs, early admission to the ER, adequate treatment, and extremely close observation of patients, especially within 1 hour after ER arrival, may prevent or decrease the incidence of fatal asthmatic attack.
Global earthquake fatalities and population
Holzer, Thomas L.; Savage, James C.
2013-01-01
Modern global earthquake fatalities can be separated into two components: (1) fatalities from an approximately constant annual background rate that is independent of world population growth and (2) fatalities caused by earthquakes with large human death tolls, the frequency of which is dependent on world population. Earthquakes with death tolls greater than 100,000 (and 50,000) have increased with world population and obey a nonstationary Poisson distribution with rate proportional to population. We predict that the number of earthquakes with death tolls greater than 100,000 (50,000) will increase in the 21st century to 8.7±3.3 (20.5±4.3) from 4 (7) observed in the 20th century if world population reaches 10.1 billion in 2100. Combining fatalities caused by the background rate with fatalities caused by catastrophic earthquakes (>100,000 fatalities) indicates global fatalities in the 21st century will be 2.57±0.64 million if the average post-1900 death toll for catastrophic earthquakes (193,000) is assumed.
La literatura infantil como medio de prevención del abuso sexual infantil
San Emeterio Herrería, Paula
2016-01-01
RESUMEN: El maltrato infantil y, especialmente, el abuso sexual a menores, es un fenómeno que siempre ha estado presente y, quizás, hoy en día se detecta en mayor medida, aunque no lo suficiente. La trascendencia de tratar este tema y formular métodos de prevención no solo recae en el número de niños y adolescentes que pueden verse afectados, si no, también, en la dificultad de su detección, así como, en la gravedad de sus consecuencias. Existen abundantes recursos y programas para prevenir e...
Soller, Brian; Williams, Kristi
2015-01-01
Past research indicates that anticipating adverse outcomes, such as early death (fatalism), is associated positively with adolescents' likelihood of engaging in risky behaviors. Health researchers and criminologists have argued that fatalism influences present risk taking in part by informing individuals' motivation for delaying gratification for the promise of future benefits. While past findings highlight the association between the anticipation of early death and a number of developmental outcomes, no known research has assessed the impact of location in a context characterized by high perceptions of fatality. Using data from Add Health and a sample of 9,584 adolescents (51 % female and 71 % white) nested in 113 schools, our study builds upon prior research by examining the association between friends', school mates', and individual perceptions of early fatality and adolescent risk behaviors. We test whether friends' anticipation of being killed prior to age 21 or location in a school where a high proportion of the student body subscribes to attitudes of high fatality, is associated with risky behaviors. Results indicate that friends' fatalism is positively associated with engaging in violent delinquency, non-violent delinquency, and drug use after controlling for individual covariates and prior individual risk-taking. Although friends' delinquency accounts for much of the effect of friends' fatalism on violence, none of the potential intervening variables fully explain the effect of friends' fatalism on youth involvement in nonviolent delinquency and drug use. Our results underscore the importance of friendship contextual effects in shaping adolescent risk-taking behavior and the very serious consequences perceptions of fatality have for adolescents' involvement in delinquency and drug use. PMID:23828725
Las consecuencias de Chernóbil quince años después
Lutgen, Pierre; Minotas Ruíz, Julio César (Traductor)
2001-01-01
Se hace un recuento de lo que se ha dicho sobre el accidente nuclear de Chernóbil y se analizan sus reales consecuencias a la luz de accidentes similares y de observaciones, estudios y reflexiones realizados por el autor.
La reflexividad y la autocrítica como fundamentos de la investigación cualitativa
de la Cuesta Benjumea, Carmen; Otálvaro Orrego, Jáider Camilo
2015-01-01
Se plantean algunas tensiones y retos para la investigación cualitativa en la actualidad, las cuales son consecuencia de las dinámicas que imponen las universidades y las comunidades científicas. La ética de la investigación cualitativa y sus fundamentos se ven cuestionados por los investigadores que, desde otras perspectivas, la ven como fútil e infértil. Entre quienes hacen investigación cualitativa también empiezan a hallarse preguntas sobre la utilidad y la funcionalidad de la investigaci...
Dataset on psychosocial risk factors in cases of fatal and near-fatal physical child abuse
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Mary Clyde Pierce
2017-10-01
Full Text Available This article presents the psychosocial risk factors identified in the cases of 20 children less than four years of age who were victims of fatal or near-fatal physical abuse during a 12 month period in the Commonwealth of Kentucky. These data are related to the article “History, injury, and psychosocial risk factor commonalities among cases of fatal and near-fatal physical child abuse” (Pierce et al., 2017 [1].
Frecuencia, evitabilidad y consecuencias de los eventos adversos
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Luz Marina Bautista-Rodriguez
2011-12-01
Full Text Available El presente estudio pretende determinar la frecuencia, evitabilidad y consecuencias de los Eventos Adversos (EA ocurridos en los servicios de hospitalización basándose en las fichas epidemiológicas e historias clínicas de pacientes que hayan tenido un evento durante este periodo. Como resultados se encontró con mayor frecuencia los Eventos Adversos (EA son debidos a algún procedimiento (63%: suspensión quirúrgica (38%, seguido de otras complicaciones R/C intervención quirúrgica o procedimiento (13.3%, viéndose mayormente afectada la población masculina (61%, en edades de 10 a 29 años (37%. El servicio donde se presentan más frecuentemente estos eventos es cirugía (52%. Esta problemática produce deterioro físico en un 100% en el paciente, además de aumentar la estancia hospitalaria de 1-2 días (91.7%, siendo el mayor factor causal el tipo de asistencia sanitaria que recibe el paciente. Estos eventos pudieron haber sido evitados en un 74% de los casos. En conclusión el presente estudio mostró que los eventos adversos ocurridos con mayor frecuencia fueron los relacionados con algún procedimiento y/o cuidados, siendo de estos, los más comunes la cancelación de turnos quirúrgicos y quemaduras, erosiones y contusiones (incluyendo fracturas consecuentes respectivamente. Lo que produjo una prolongación de los días de estancia, lo cual no ocasionó directamente situaciones de gravedad o repercusiones importantes en el estado de salud del paciente; pero la aparición de estos Eventos Adversos (E.A son completamente prevenibles, puesto que tiene que ver directamente con las prácticas de cuidado impartidas por el personal de salud, que requieren mayor concentración al momento de realizar cualquier procedimiento, si se toman en cuenta las medidas necesarias para garantizar la seguridad del paciente.
Antecedentes y consecuencias del burnout en deportistas: estrés percibido y depresión
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Cristina de Francisco
2016-01-01
Full Text Available Antecedentes/Objetivo : El objetivo fue investigar la relación entre estrés percibido, burnout y depresión en deportistas. Se presenta el estrés como antecedente del burnout y la depresión como consecuencia de ambos. Método : Participaron en el estudio 453 deportistas. Estrés y depresión fueron medidos con Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS y burnout en deportistas con Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ. Los datos fueron analizados desde la perspectiva de modelos de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM. Resultados : El efecto directo del estrés sobre el burnout y la depresión fue de 0,66 y 0,24, respectivamente y el del burnout sobre la depresión de 0,53; todos ellos significa - tivos ( p <0,001. El estrés explica el 43% de la varianza del burnout y el estrés conjunta - mente con el burnout, el 50% de la varianza de la depresión. Los índices de ajuste del modelo fueron: χ 2 (224= 520,881 ( p <0,001, χ 2 /df = 2,32, el índice de bondad de ajuste (GFI = 0,91, el índice de bondad de ajuste comparativo (CFI= 0,89, la raíz del residuo cuadrático promedio de aproximación (RMSEA = 0,054 (90% intervalo de confianza, 0,048-0,060 y raíz cuadrada de la media cuadrática del residual estandarizado (SRMR = 0,063. Conclusiones : Este estudio permite conocer la relación existente entre estrés, burnout y depresión en un único modelo.
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Francisco Javier Tardío Gastón
2011-12-01
Full Text Available Our history is full of myths and topics. Therefore the image of femme fatale is frequent in the works of all periods and places. The author of this article first analyzes how the history and literature consistently showed and defined these women, and then presents examples that come from ancient Greece. The art is powered by their power of seduction and the article explains how this femme fatale appeared in literature and film. The article concludes with a brief overview of various arguments concerning women and feminism, present in the literary criticism.
Consecuencias psicosociales de la privación de la libertad en imputados inocentes
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Elías Escaff Silva
2013-12-01
Full Text Available El objetivo de este estudio fue describir las consecuencias psicosociales en sujetos privados de la libertad que resultaron inocentes. El marco teórico incluyó los conceptos de psicología jurídica, presunción de inocencia, verdad jurídica, privación de la libertad, efectos de la prisionización y estigmatización social. El instrumento empleado para la recolección de información fue una entrevista semiestructurada, que logró dar cuenta de los efectos psicológicos y sociales de la privación de la libertad en personas que fueron imputadas y que resultaron finalmente inocentes, según la verdad jurídica. Se concluye con la ratificación de las consecuencias psicosociales del hecho de estar privados de la libertad, y con una reflexión acerca de la actuación de los operadores del sistema judicial y la dificultad para detectar los errores.
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Enrique Ferrari Nieto
2013-06-01
Full Text Available La inclusión en el curso escolar 2008-2009 de la asignatura "Educación para la ciudadanía" en el currículo de la ESO (con una carga lectiva de una hora semanal vino acompañada de una polémica desmedida, alentada desde el ámbito político, por el temor a su posible carga dogmática, aunque el contenido ya estaba ahí antes, de modo transversal. Tres años después el debate parece cerrado (por el momento. Con lo que la cuestión ahora, con el tema reposado, podría ser atender a la - de verdad - gran damnificada por esa reforma educativa: la asignatura de Ética, en 4º ESO, que en muchas comunidades autónomas pasó de dos sesiones a una sola sesión a la semana, con la mitad de su contenido, además, enfocado al civismo. Mi propuesta es un análisis de las causas y las consecuencias del desprecio a la Ética como materia filosófica en el currículo escolar. Las causas arrancan de la incapacidad general para distinguir la ética de la moral: para entender los distintos niveles (uno filosófico, el otro no en que se mueve cada una. La consecuencia primera es, con la deslegitimación de la asignatura, la imposibilidad de motivar en el alumno una auténtica reflexión ética.
O crowdfunding como financiamento do jornalismo de investigação em Portugal
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Ana Maria Fonseca
2016-01-01
Full Text Available El presente artículo analiza el crowdfunding aplicado al periodismo de investigación como alternativa a los modelos tradicionales de financiación periodística en Portugal. El principal objetivo es inferir acerca de las potencialidades de desarrollo del crowdfunding como financiación del periodismo de investigación portugués. Para ello, con base en investigación empírica, se contextualiza el crowdfunding, se analizan las causas y las consecuencias del descenso pronunciado del periodismo de investigación portugués, así como sus impactos, y se analiza, basándose en la metodología estudio de caso, una plataforma portuguesa dedicada a recibir proyectos periodísticos. Como principales resultados, se destacan la aún incipiente capacidad emprendedora de los periodistas en Portugal y la necesidad futura de que sus programas curriculares en la educación superior en este país incluyan unidades curriculares de economía y de emprendimiento en su formación académica en el nivel de licenciatura, maestría y doctorado, a fin de aumentar el potencial emprendedor del periodista en la actualidad y de desarrollar el periodismo de investigación.
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Juan Sebastián Ochoa
2016-04-01
Full Text Available El texto plantea una mirada crítica al papel actual de la partitura convencional occidental dentro de la educación musical formal y, propone, a partir de una reflexión sobre el carácter ontológico de la partitura como herramienta de uso descriptivo y prescriptivo (siguiendo la propuesta del musicólogo Charles Seeger, tres consecuencias pedagógicas que se desprenden de relativizar la importancia de la partitura en los tiempos actuales: ampliar la noción de notación musical, privilegiar una educación musical sonoro-corporal, y hacer un uso mayor de las nuevas tecnologías de grabación y reproducción en el aula. La conclusión es que una relativización de la partitura debe llevarnos a una educación musical necesariamente menos racionalizada y más sonoro-corporal, menos leída y más vivida.
Byler, Christen; Kesy, Laura; Richardson, Scott; Pratt, Stephanie G; Rodríguez-Acosta, Rosa L
2016-07-01
Motor vehicle traffic crashes (MVTCs) remain the leading cause of work-related fatal injuries in the United States, with crashes on public roadways accounting for 25% of all work-related deaths in 2012. In the United States, the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries (CFOI) provides accurate counts of fatal work injuries based on confirmation of work relationship from multiple sources, while the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) provides detailed data on fatal MVTCs based on police reports. Characterization of fatal work-related MVTCs is currently limited by data sources that lack either data on potential risk factors (CFOI) or work-relatedness confirmation and employment characteristics (FARS). BLS and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) collaborated to analyze a merged data file created by BLS using CFOI and FARS data. A matching algorithm was created to link 2010 data from CFOI and FARS using date of incident and other case characteristics, allowing for flexibility in variables to address coding discrepancies. Using the matching algorithm, 953 of the 1044 CFOI "Highway" cases (91%) for 2010 were successfully linked to FARS. Further analysis revealed systematic differences between cases identified as work-related by both systems and by CFOI alone. Among cases identified as work-related by CFOI alone, the fatally-injured worker was considerably more likely to have been employed outside the transportation and warehousing industry or transportation-related occupations, and to have been the occupant of a vehicle other than a heavy truck. This study is the first step of a collaboration between BLS, NHTSA, and NIOSH to improve the completeness and quality of data on fatal work-related MVTCs. It has demonstrated the feasibility and value of matching data on fatal work-related traffic crashes from CFOI and FARS. The results will lead to
Los profesionales de secundaria, como factores de riesgo en el síndrome de Burnout
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Giselle León-León
2011-06-01
Full Text Available Recibido 21 de julio de 2010 • Aceptado 31 de agosto de 2010 • Corregido 03 de octubre de 2010 Este artículo aborda el síndrome de Bournout, entendido como un trastorno de la adaptación ante el estrés crónico laboral que logra desencadenar síntomas físicos y psicológicos, los cuales dañan significativamente la ejecución profesional de los individuos que prestan servicios, en este particular, el trabajo de los docentes de secundaria, los cuales se describen como vulnerables por atender a adolescentes, quienes requieren mayor comunicación, atención y guía por las característica propias de esa etapa. Además se describen algunos factores que pueden incidir en el docente, desde una perspectiva individual como por ejemplo estrés, rol, edad, estado civil, entre otros. Asímismo factores laborales tales como baja implicación, sobre carga, burocracia, ambiente, consecuencias sobre el individuo y sobre la institución y medidas para prevenirlo.
López Muñóz, Luis Fernando
2014-01-01
La siguiente monografía presenta una investigación basada en el desarrollo histórico del corno francés desde sus orígenes primitivos en el medio oriente, su llegada y evolución en Europa y finalmente su arribada a Colombia como producto del descubrimiento y colonización del país Español -- Como consecuencia de los anteriores acontecimientos se hace una mención especial de la incursión de este instrumento en la orquesta y su uso en la música Europea a partir del siglo XVIII, análisis que es po...
La obesidad como factor de riesgo en el desarrollo de cáncer
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Deissy Herrera-Covarrubias
Full Text Available De acuerdo con la Organización Mundial de la Salud, cada año fallecen 3,4 millones de personas adultas por consecuencias del sobrepeso u obesidad. Personas con un índice de masa corporal superior a 30, presentan cierto aumento en la incidencia de algunas enfermedades entre las que se encuentran algunos tipos de cánceres. En esta revisión de tipo narrativa se aborda el papel que tiene el tejido adiposo como modulador del sistema endocrino y facilitador de la inflamación crónica subclínica. Se discute cómo la obesidad puede producir un microambiente favorable para el desarrollo de tumores, principalmente por el incremento del estrés oxidativo y en las concentraciones de diversas hormonas como la leptina, la insulina y la prolactina. Se concluye que, en conjunto, estos factores incrementan la probabilidad de desarrollar cáncer
Helicobacter pylori: Su importancia como problema de salud en la comunidad
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Miguel González-Carbajal Pascual
1998-12-01
Full Text Available El presente trabajo es una revisión de los anexos existentes entre el Helicobacter pylori y la gastritis crónica, la úlcera gastroduodenal, el cáncer gástrico, el linfoma de células B y algunos aspectos relacionados con la epidemiología y el tratamiento de esta infección. Se sugiere la posibilidad de que modelos de infección semejantes se asocien a otras enfermedades así como el hecho de que ésta, procedente de Europa, se haya introducido en América como consecuencia del encuentro de estas 2 culturasA review is made on the links existing between Helicobacter pylori and chronic gastritis, gastroduodenal ulcer, stomach cancer, and B-cell lymphoma, as well as on some aspects connected with the epidemiology and treatment of this infection. It is suggested the possibility that similar models of infection be associated to other diseases, and that this infection original from Europe had been introduced in America as a result of the encounter between these two cultures
Yugoslavia: entre el progreso y el abismo. Una aproximación a la posguerra en los márgenes de Europa
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David Alegre Lorenz
2012-06-01
Full Text Available En este artículo tratamos de mostrar la emergencia de la disidencia en el mundo cultural yugoslavo en los años 80 y las consecuencias derivadas de este hecho, siendo nuestro propósito fundamental ahondar en las construcciones memorísticas presentes en la literatura y el cine y las posibilidades que éstas ofrecen para la reconstrucción de algunos aspectos fundamentales del periodo inmediatamente posterior al año 1945. Este artículo parte de la convicción de que el análisis de la cultura mediante los instrumentos propios de la historiografía puede abrir una vía interesante para la comprensión de la historia en toda su complejidad. Justamente por ello lo que pretendemos no es un nuevo análisis global de cuestiones como la subida al poder del comunismo, sino entender cómo la gente corriente vivió y, más importante, sintió las fatales consecuencias de la Segunda Guerra Mundial y, como resultado de ésta, la subida al poder del comunismo. Para ello analizaremos sobre qué premisas se produjo la reconstrucción de la vida cotidiana durante la posguerra.
Extended investigation on road fatality in Brunei.
Yusof, N B; Hoque, M A; Steele, M C; Yong, S Y
2018-06-08
Road fatality is one of the leading causes of death in Brunei with 79 deaths in 1993, the highest ever recorded. The Brunei government has been trying to reduce this by implementing new traffic measures and successfully reduced fatalities to 24 fatalities in 2014. Yearly road fatality has been fluctuating, but there has been a declining tendency overall. The aim of this study is to investigate road fatality in Brunei by extending the research. We developed a multiple regression model and carried out an analysis on road fatality in Brunei. Our analysis indicates that the road fatality appears to rise depending on the increase in the number of young drivers between 15 to 24 years and the number of unemployed people. Comparisons of Brunei road fatality rate per 10,000 vehicles are made with some other countries and we conclude that Brunei has approximately the same rate as Australia in 2014.
Huamán Fernández, Juan Antonio
2011-01-01
Dentro de la labor de consultor y gerenciamiento en el nivel intermedio respecto, a la estructura organizacional de una empresa minera, surgió como criterio la innovación de los procesos y un nuevo enfoque en la administración de la mina, relacionado al control de riesgo. La tesis “FACTORES OPERACIONALES QUE INCREMENTAN LOS ACCIDENTES FATALES POR CAÍDA DE ROCAS EN LA PROVINCIA DE YAULI - 2009”, surge a raíz del cuestionamiento por la toma de decisión realizada como responsable del área de...
El anisakis y sus enfermedades como enfermedad profesional
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José Manuel Vicente Pardo
Full Text Available El anisakis es un parásito complejo de los animales marinos. El hombre no es el hospedador adecuado, ya que en él la larva L3 no puede completar su ciclo vital, siendo por tanto un hospedador accidental u ocasional, que se interpone en el ciclo vital del nemátodo, y al que el anisakis le puede causar tanto la parasitación como la alergia, cuando ingiere pescado o cefalópodos crudos o poco cocinados: tales como sushi, sashimi, ceviche gravlax noruego, lomi-lomi hawaiano, así como pescados en escabeche, vinagre, desecado, ahumados, semiconservas, o en salazón que contengan este parásito en su forma de larva en estadio tres L3. Las enfermedades por anisakis constituyen un problema de salud pública, generalizado y que ha aumentado su incidencia en los últimos años. En 2012, se notificaron 20.000 casos de anisakiasis en todo el mundo. España es el segundo país con mayor número de intoxicaciones por Anisakis después de Japón. Diversos estudios en España sobre la prevalencia de la sensibilización reflejan una elevada prevalencia entre pacientes que han sufrido episodios de reacciones alérgicas. El 50 por ciento de quienes manipulan directamente el pescado presentan sensibilidad a anisakis. Siendo por tanto cada vez más común la afectación por y en el desarrollo del trabajo, constituyendo entonces procesos considerados como enfermedad profesional cuando se dan las circunstancias determinantes causales de trabajo, riesgo y exposición que para ello deben concurrir. La afección puede presentarse tanto por contacto laboral como por contacto en el consumo ordinario de pescado infestado, lo que hará difícil el estimar como causa exclusiva o consecuente la aparición de la enfermedad a consecuencia del desempeño del trabajo. Los sectores laborales de riesgo por enfermedades por anisakis, son los pescadores, pescaderos ("pescateros" y cocineros. En general todos aquellos que trabajan tanto en la captura, limpieza, manipulación, venta
Belluscio, Laura María
2014-01-01
El desarrollo perinatal representa un período crítico en la vida de un individuo caracterizado por una sensibilidad extrema a experiencias e interacciones con el medio ambiente que originan efectos duraderos, y muchas veces permanentes, sobre la estructura y función del cerebro. La calidad del período embrionario como la calidad del ambiente y experiencias postnatales tempranas tienen una enorme influencia sobre el desarrollo emocional y cognitivo con consecuencias que se extienden durante to...
Anguita Rodriguez, Francisca; Flores Ureba, Sandra; Muñoz Miguel, Juan Pedro
2012-01-01
XXIV Congreso Anual AEDEM del 9 al 11 de junio de 2010 El presente artículo aborda el desarrollo de la intermodalidad en el transporte urbano como factor relevante para la mejora de la movilidad urbana en las grandes ciudades. El crecimiento progresivo de la congestión, que afecta actualmente a las grandes ciudades consecuencia del desarrollo poblacional hacia las zonas metropolitanas más alejadas del centro urbano agrupadas en torno a los grandes corredores de acceso a la Ciudad, unido a ...
Rodas Agüero, María Gabriela
2013-01-01
A raíz de que la psicopedagogía como profesión es relativamente nueva en nuestro país, la diseminación de investigaciones sobre sistematización de la práctica profesional es muy escasa. No sucede lo mismo con problemas específicos de aprendizaje, con psicología genética o con análisis a los programas educativos, que si bien pertenecen a la psicopedagogía, de ellos si se ha escrito e investigado notoriamente. En consecuencia he tenido que incluir en los antecedentes algunas temáticas relaciona...
Acuayte Valdés, María del Consuelo
2011-01-01
El río San Bernardino presenta un estado completo de contaminación y como consecuencia de la ausencia de agua, el cauce sirve para descargar aguas residuales no tratadas y el depósito de sólidos que se presentan en amontonamiento de basura, llantas, automóviles desvalijados, escombro que como resultado se tiene una pérdida del ecosistema y un foco de infección, siendo esto un problema a la salud de la sociedad. Por tal motivo se realiza una Valorización económica del rescate del río San Berna...
Deporte de ocio en España: epidemiología de las lesiones y sus consecuencias
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Carlos García González
2015-03-01
Full Text Available Introducción y objetivos. Se realizó un estudio epidemiológico de casos, descriptivo y analítico. El objetivo fue la valoración de las lesiones deportivas producidas durante la práctica de deporte de ocio en el ámbito geográfico de todas las comunidades autónomas de España. Método. Se realizaron encuestas a un total de 1616 sujetos que hubieran sufrido una lesión en los últimos 12 meses practicando deporte a modo de ocio. La compilación de la información se realizó mediante una base de datos digital hospedada en un servidor web vinculado a una encuesta digital a través de la cual se registraron las respuestas de los sujetos. Resultados. Dentro de la muestra, un 72,5 % fueron hombres y un 27,5 % mujeres; así como el 74,4 % fueron sujetos de hasta 35 años de edad y el 25,6 % restante, mayores de 35 años. El deporte que generó mayor número de lesiones fue el fútbol (27,6 % del total de accidentes; seguido por la carrera (8,6 %, el fútbol sala (7,9 % y el baloncesto (7,7 %. Atendiendo a las consecuencias de las lesiones, los deportes que manifestaron un mayor porcentaje de secuelas tras el accidente fueron: baloncesto (el 70,2 % de los lesionados, fútbol (69,5 % y ciclismo (66,7 %. Asimismo, los que más porcentaje de rehabilitación tras lesión requirieron fueron: atletismo (78,9 %, pádel (72,2 % y tenis (71,7 %. Por último, los que más bajas laborales supusieron fueron: tenis (26,1 %, fútbol sala (26 % y artes marciales (22,8 %. Conclusiones. Los resultados muestran una descriptiva general de la influencia que las consecuencias de las lesiones deportivas tienen en la sociedad española. Más estudios comparativos de casos de lesionados y no lesionados en deporte amateur serían recomendables para establecer campañas de prevención.
Alcohol intake in relation to non-fatal and fatal coronary heart disease and stroke
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Ricci, Cristian; Wood, Angela; Muller, David
2018-01-01
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between alcohol consumption (at baseline and over lifetime) and non-fatal and fatal coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke. DESIGN: Multicentre case-cohort study. SETTING: A study of cardiovascular disease (CVD) determinants within the European Prospecti...
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A. González
Full Text Available Las labores que se realizan en los proyectos de construcción son consideradas de alto riesgo al facilitar la ocurrencia de accidentes laborales que afectan la integridad física, mental y social de los colaboradores como la productividad de las empresas. Por tal motivo, el propósito de este artículo es analizar las causas y consecuencias de los accidentes laborales ocurridos durante el segundo semestre del año 2012 en dos proyectos de construcción de Neiva, Colombia. El alcance fue de tipo documental considerando como fuente de información los soportes de los accidentes laborales reportados ante la Administradora de Riesgo Laborales (ARL; para determinar las causas que dieron origen a dichos accidentes se utilizó el modelo de Frank E. Bird. Se analizaron 117 accidentes en los que se identificaron 195 faltas de control, 136 factores personales, 112 factores del trabajo, 151 actos inseguros y 54 condiciones inseguras; lo anterior teniendo en cuenta que en algunos accidentes se presentaron más de una causa. De esta manera se concluye que el mayor porcentaje de accidentes de trabajo, ha sido generado por faltas de control seguidos por actos inseguros. Por tal motivo se recomienda la realización de programas de gestión de riesgos prioritarios, basados en una adecuada identificación de peligros, que permitan mitigar y controlar los riesgos, desarrollando a la vez en los trabajadores una cultura de autocuidado
Drugs taken in fatal and non-fatal self-poisoning : A study in South London
Neeleman, J; Wessely, S
This study compared the number and type of substances taken in deliberate self-poisoning with fatal (n=127) and non-fatal (n=521) outcome. The aims were (i) to describe substances typically involved in self-poisoning in England and Wales, (ii) to examine the role of drug 'cocktails' and (iii) to
La percepción del riesgo como componente de la Educación Ambiental en las instituciones escolares.
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Osmel Jiménez Denis
2014-12-01
Full Text Available En el sistema educativo cubano se desarrollan transformaciones dirigidas a fortalecer la labor educativa en los diferentes niveles educativos. En consecuencia, se reconoce a la educación ambiental como componente del proceso formativo que tiene lugar en cada uno de ellos. Investigaciones realizadas en Cuba reflejan que un elemento importante en esta dirección lo constituye la baja percepción de riesgo en la sociedad cubana en la prevención de desastres naturales, fundamentalmente en la etapa de la adolescencia. La presente investigación, tuvo lugar en tres secundarias básicas del territorio espirituano, seleccionando un grupo de 30 estudiantes en cada una para buscar información. Como resultado se sistematizaron los referentes teóricos-metodológicos que sustentan la percepción de riesgos como componente de la Educación Ambiental para el Desarrollo Sostenible. Además, derivado de un estudio preliminar, se presentan procedimientos que permiten contribuir a la educación de la percepción de riesgos en los adolescentes, tomando como referencia la situación ambiental comunitaria y el modelo actual de escuela Secundaria Básica.
El turismo como instrumento de política ambiental en el Santuario de la Mariposa Monarca El Rosario
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Susana Esquivel-Ríos
2014-01-01
Full Text Available La política ambiental en México se implementó como un mecanismo para frenar el deterioro en áreas naturales como la Reserva de la Biosfera de la Mariposa Monarca, sin embargo, se cuestiona su eficacia debido al continuo deterioro, la pérdida de bosques, la mortandad de la mariposa, y la disminución de mantos freáticos; todo esto acentuado por el turismo masivo. Esto es consecuencia de las dificultades de implementación de la política ambiental y de los actores que participan en ella. El análisis se realizó bajo el enfoque de Redes de Política Pública. La principal conclusión es que existe una limitada coordinación interinstitucional y esto dificulta la comunicación y acuerdo entre actores.
La constitución como orden de valores. Reflexiones en torno al neoconstitucionalismo
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LUIS M. CRUZ
2009-01-01
Full Text Available El presente artículo pretende mostrar cómo el neoconstitucionalismo se corresponde con el desarrollo de una teoría y una praxis constitucionales progresivamente convergentes, en el cual han desempeñado un importante papel la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Constitucional Federal alemán y la ciencia del Derecho público alemana, y que nace de la adopción de una concepción de la Constitución como orden valorativo. En definitiva, no es otra cosa que una transformación operada como consecuencia de la adopción de una teoría acerca de lo que la Constitución es: un orden valorativo donde los elementos estructurales del Estado obedecen a principios sustantivos que se hallan también en la base del sistema de los derechos fundamentales. Lo decisivo y novedoso de este constitucionalismo radica, precisamente, en las cualidades materiales o sustanciales de la Constitución, que la tornan prácticamente omnipresente en toda operación de creación y aplicación del Derecho.
[Biochemical diagnostics of fatal opium intoxication].
Papyshev, I P; Astashkina, O G; Tuchik, E S; Nikolaev, B S; Cherniaev, A L
2013-01-01
Biochemical diagnostics of fatal opium intoxication remains a topical problem in forensic medical science and practice. We investigated materials obtained in the course of forensic medical expertise of the cases of fatal opium intoxication. The study revealed significant differences between myoglobin levels in blood, urine, myocardium, and skeletal muscles. The proposed approach to biochemical diagnostics of fatal opium intoxication enhances the accuracy and the level of evidence of expert conclusions.
Fatal occupational injuries in Taiwan, 1994-2005.
Ho, Shu-Chen; Wang, Li-Yu; Ho, Chi-Kung; Yang, Chun-Yuh
2010-04-01
This study examines the trends in rates of fatal occupational injuries in Taiwan by demographic group and occupation for 1994-2005. Data on deaths due to injuries at work from 1994 through 2005 were obtained from the Department of Health which is responsible for the death registration system in Taiwan. Employment data, which were used as the denominators of fatality rates in this study, were retrieved from the Directorate-General of Budget and Accounting Statistics 'Employment and Earnings' database. A Poisson regression model was used to examine the trends in rates of fatal occupational injuries in various occupations while controlling for demographic characteristics. Overall fatal occupational injury rates declined during the study period among all demographic groups and occupations. Adjusted annual changes in rates of fatal injuries ranged from a decrease of 13.6% a year in machine operators/related workers to a decrease of 35.9% in clerks. The annual decrement was faster for males than for females and for older workers compared to young workers. Despite declining rates, the number of fatal occupational injuries in Taiwan remains significant because of the growing work force. Future research should focus on the disparities in fatal injury trends.
Highway Safety: Trends in Highway Fatalities 1975-1987
1990-03-01
pattern of fatalities as the overall trend. This pattern applies to many of the general fatality statis- tics we present, and, in all cases, it serves as a...Fatalities 1975-87 Appemfx IV Vehicle-Related Statistics Figure IV.17: Vehicle Fatalities by Direction of Principal Impacto NNNumber of PddUlsils lwam 0 1975
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Ewald Terhart
2006-01-01
Full Text Available El autor discute a partir de su propia experiencia en diversas universidades los presupuestos, formas y repercusiones de la reestructuración de la enseñanza superior en dirección a una «modularización». Esta forma de configuración de los estudios constituye un elemento esencial en el así llamado «Proceso de Bolonia». Tras una exposición de los orígenes del concepto de modularización, el autor analiza las consecuencias y los problemas concretos derivados de la introducción de la modularización en facultades e institutos universitarios. Por lo que atañe a las universidades alemanas, esta modularización representa para muchas asignaturas un grado muy elevado de escolarización de los estudios. La reglamentación a que deben someterse tanto estudiantes como docentes se hace mucho mayor. Al mismo tiempo, también aumenta el potencial conflictivo en el seno del profesorado. Dado que la modularización provoca un crecimiento muy notable tanto de la demanda de clases, como de las tareas burocráticas que conllevan los exámenes y la extensión de certificados, pero ello sin que pueda esperarse un aumento paralelo de personal docente, la modularización incide notablemente en la configuración del puesto de trabajo del profesor universitario
Alonge, Olakunle; Agrawal, Priyanka; Talab, Abu; Rahman, Qazi S; Rahman, Akm Fazlur; Arifeen, Shams El; Hyder, Adnan A
2017-08-01
90% of the global burden of injuries is borne by low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, details of the injury burden in LMICs are less clear because of the scarcity of data and population-based studies. The Saving of Lives from Drowning project, implemented in rural Bangladesh, did a census on 1·2 million people to fill this gap. This Article describes the epidemiology of fatal and non-fatal injuries from the study. In this study, we used data from the baseline census conducted as part of the Saving of Lives from Drowning (SoLiD) project. The census was implemented in 51 unions from seven purposively sampled rural subdistricts of Bangladesh between June and November, 2013. Sociodemographic, injury mortality, and morbidity information were collected for the whole population in the study area. We analysed the data for descriptive measures of fatal and non-fatal injury outcomes. Age and gender distribution, socioeconomic characteristics, and injury characteristics such as external cause, intent, location, and body part affected were reported for all injury outcomes. The census covered a population of 1 169 593 from 270 387 households and 451 villages. The overall injury mortality rate was 38 deaths per 100 000 population per year, and 104 703 people sustained major non-fatal injuries over a 6-month recall period. Drowning was the leading external cause of injury death for all ages, and falls caused the most number of non-fatal injuries. Fatal injury rates were highest in children aged 1-4 years. Non-fatal injury rates were also highest in children aged 1-4 years and those aged 65 years and older. Males had more fatal and non-fatal injuries than females across all external causes except for burns. Suicide was the leading cause of injury deaths in individuals aged 15-24 years, and more than 50% of the suicides occurred in females. The home environment was the most common location for most injuries. The burden of fatal and non-fatal injuries
COMPORTAMIENTO REFRACTARIO DE PROBETAS DE MORTEROS CONFORMADAS CON DIATOMITAS COMO AGREGADO MINERAL
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Ana Rodriguez
2008-03-01
Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo es el estudio de las propiedades puzolánicas de algunos minerales, como las diatomitas, que potencialmente pueden reaccionar con la portlandita contenida en las pastas y morteros de cemento Portland. También se estudia si estas adiciones minerales pueden incrementar la resistencia térmica y la refractariedad de los morteros. En el comportamiento de estos agregados se sigue midiendo como parámetro el comportamientopuzolánico de las diatomitas en las pastas de cemento Portland, y las variaciones de la resistencia mecánica de probetas estandarizadas construidas con y sin agregado de diatomitas. El desarrollo experimental programado consta de tratamientostérmicos a las diatomitas, reducción de tamaño hasta compatibilidad con la granulometría del cemento Portland, ensayos de DRX, análisis de puzolanidad, construcción de probetas de morteros con y sinagregado, y finalmente la medición de sus propiedades mecánicas residuales después de haber sido sometidas a elevadas temperaturas.Del análisis de los resultados experimentales se puede informar que las diatomitas estudiadas si le confieren propiedadespuzolánicas al cemento Portland, y como consecuencia mejoran la resistencia mecánica residual de las probetas de mortero cuando son sometidas a altas temperaturas.
Neglecting safety precautions may lead to trenching fatalities.
Deatherage, J Harold; Furches, Lisa K; Radcliffe, Mike; Schriver, William R; Wagner, John P
2004-06-01
Trench collapses ranked as the seventh leading cause of the possible twenty-nine causes of OSHA-inspected fatal construction events during the period 1991-2001. This study aims to examine why these fatalities occurred. Forty-four case files from OSHA inspections of fatal trench collapses were reviewed. Improper protection of the excavation site where work was taking place was the leading fatality cause. Several organizational or physical conditions were present at many fatal sites; the most frequent was that no training had been provided for trenching. Presence of a competent, diligent person at the site would have prohibited most fatalities. The top cited violation was lack of protection, that is, benching, shoring, sloping, trench boxes, etc. (29 CFR 1926.652 (a) (1)). Copyright 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Age trajectories of stroke case fatality
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Olsen, Tom Skyhøj; Andersen, Zorana Jovanovic; Andersen, Klaus Kaae
2011-01-01
Mortality rates level off at older ages. Age trajectories of stroke case-fatality rates were studied with the aim of investigating prevalence of this phenomenon, specifically in case-fatality rates at older ages....
Fatal work injuries involving natural disasters, 1992-2006.
Fayard, Gregory M
2009-12-01
Although a goal of disaster preparedness is to protect vulnerable populations from hazards, little research has explored the types of risks that workers face in their encounters with natural disasters. This study examines how workers are fatally injured in severe natural events. A classification structure was created that identified the physical component of the disaster that led to the death and the pursuit of the worker as it relates to the disaster. Data on natural disasters from the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries for the years 1992 through 2006 were analyzed. A total of 307 natural disaster deaths to workers were identified in 1992-2006. Most fatal occupational injuries were related to wildfires (80 fatalities), hurricanes (72 fatalities), and floods (62 fatalities). Compared with fatal occupational injuries in general, natural disaster fatalities involved more workers who were white and more workers who were working for the government. Most wildfire fatalities stemmed directly from exposure to fire and gases and occurred to those engaged in firefighting, whereas hurricane fatalities tended to occur more independently of disaster-produced hazards and to workers engaged in cleanup and reconstruction. Those deaths related to the 2005 hurricanes occurred a median of 36.5 days after landfall of the associated storm. Nearly half of the flood deaths occurred to passengers in motor vehicles. Other disasters included tornadoes (33 fatalities), landslides (17), avalanches (16), ice storms (14), and blizzards (9). Despite an increasing social emphasis on disaster preparation and response, there has been little increase in expert knowledge about how people actually perish in these large-scale events. Using a 2-way classification structure, this study identifies areas of emphasis in preventing occupational deaths from various natural disasters.
2014-01-01
Background The purpose of this study was to estimate the incidence of fatal and non-fatal Low Speed Vehicle Run Over (LSVRO) events among children aged 0–15 years in Queensland, Australia, at a population level. Methods Fatal and non-fatal LSVRO events that occurred in children resident in Queensland over eleven calendar years (1999-2009) were identified using ICD codes, text description, word searches and medical notes clarification, obtained from five health related data bases across the continuum of care (pre-hospital to fatality). Data were manually linked. Population data provided by the Australian Bureau of Statistics were used to calculate crude incidence rates for fatal and non-fatal LSVRO events. Results There were 1611 LSVROs between 1999–2009 (IR = 16.87/100,000/annum). Incidence of non-fatal events (IR = 16.60/100,000/annum) was 61.5 times higher than fatal events (IR = 0.27/100,000/annum). LSVRO events were more common in boys (IR = 20.97/100,000/annum) than girls (IR = 12.55/100,000/annum), and among younger children aged 0–4 years (IR = 21.45/100000/annum; 39% or all events) than older children (5–9 years: IR = 16.47/100,000/annum; 10–15 years IR = 13.59/100,000/annum). A total of 896 (56.8%) children were admitted to hospital for 24 hours of more following an LSVRO event (IR = 9.38/100,000/annum). Total LSVROs increased from 1999 (IR = 14.79/100,000) to 2009 (IR = 18.56/100,000), but not significantly. Over the 11 year period, there was a slight (non –significant) increase in fatalities (IR = 0.37-0.42/100,000/annum); a significant decrease in admissions (IR = 12.39–5.36/100,000/annum), and significant increase in non-admissions (IR = 2.02-12.77/100,000/annum). Trends over time differed by age, gender and severity. Conclusion This is the most comprehensive, population-based epidemiological study on fatal and non-fatal LSVRO events to date. Results from this study indicate
Work-related agricultural fatalities in Australia, 1982-1984.
Erlich, S M; Driscoll, T R; Harrison, J E; Frommer, M S; Leigh, J
1993-06-01
Work-related agricultural fatalities were examined as part of a larger population-based study of all work-related fatalities in Australia in the period 1982-1984. A total of 257 farm-related fatalities were identified, of which 223 were deaths of persons in the employed civilian labor force (19.4 deaths per 100,000 persons per year) and 34 were deaths of children less than 15 years of age. The fatality incidence was higher among men, older age groups, and nonmanagers in general and in certain occupations in particular. Mobile mechanical equipment (particularly tractors) was the main fatal agent, roll-overs accounting for many of the fatalities. Better provision of information to agricultural workers, improvements in compliance to and enforcement of legislation, and changes in farming work practices are recommended to improve the safety of farms and farm work.
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Bratu Serban, Neagu; Campero Littlewood, Eduardo [Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana Azcapotzalco, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1996-12-31
This paper is a short introduction to how the sinusoidal voltage waves are generated. A revision is made on the way of representing a distorted wave and the way of quantifying its harmonics content (harmonics distortion). An overview is made of the non-lineal consuming elements that produce distortion of the current waves. A revision is made on the concept of a power factor in conditions of waves with harmonic distortion. The consequences of feeding with distorted waves the different devices such as motors (particularly for the distortion originated by the rectifiers and the velocity electronic controls), transformers and capacitors. Mention is made of some of the methods for not to produce or for reducing the harmonic effect in the electric networks. The purpose of this article is to review the consequences on energy consumption by the presence of harmonics. [Espanol] En este articulo se hace una breve introduccion de la forma en que se generan las ondas senoidales de voltaje. Se revisa la manera de representar una onda distorsionada y la manera de cuantificar su contenido de armonicas (distorsion armonica). Se repasan los elementos consumidores no lineales que producen la deformacion de las ondas de corriente. Se revisa el concepto de factor de potencia en condiciones de ondas con distorsion armonica. Se analizan las consecuencias de alimentar con ondas distorsionadas a diferentes equipos como motores (particularmente por la distorsion originada por los rectificadores y los controladores de velocidad electronicos), transformadores y capacitores. Se mencionan algunos metodos para no producir, o reducir el efecto armonico en las redes electricas. El proposito de este articulo es revisar las consecuencias sobre el consumo de energia por la presencia de armonicas.
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Bratu Serban, Neagu; Campero Littlewood, Eduardo [Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana Azcapotzalco, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1997-12-31
This paper is a short introduction to how the sinusoidal voltage waves are generated. A revision is made on the way of representing a distorted wave and the way of quantifying its harmonics content (harmonics distortion). An overview is made of the non-lineal consuming elements that produce distortion of the current waves. A revision is made on the concept of a power factor in conditions of waves with harmonic distortion. The consequences of feeding with distorted waves the different devices such as motors (particularly for the distortion originated by the rectifiers and the velocity electronic controls), transformers and capacitors. Mention is made of some of the methods for not to produce or for reducing the harmonic effect in the electric networks. The purpose of this article is to review the consequences on energy consumption by the presence of harmonics. [Espanol] En este articulo se hace una breve introduccion de la forma en que se generan las ondas senoidales de voltaje. Se revisa la manera de representar una onda distorsionada y la manera de cuantificar su contenido de armonicas (distorsion armonica). Se repasan los elementos consumidores no lineales que producen la deformacion de las ondas de corriente. Se revisa el concepto de factor de potencia en condiciones de ondas con distorsion armonica. Se analizan las consecuencias de alimentar con ondas distorsionadas a diferentes equipos como motores (particularmente por la distorsion originada por los rectificadores y los controladores de velocidad electronicos), transformadores y capacitores. Se mencionan algunos metodos para no producir, o reducir el efecto armonico en las redes electricas. El proposito de este articulo es revisar las consecuencias sobre el consumo de energia por la presencia de armonicas.
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Eduardo Vieira Ponte
2011-08-01
Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Determinar a frequência de asma quase fatal em um grupo de pacientes com asma grave, assim como as características clínicas e o prognóstico desses pacientes em um ano de seguimento. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo envolvendo 731 pacientes de baixa renda com asma grave tratados em um ambulatório de referência para asma na cidade de Salvador (BA. Os pacientes realizaram espirometria na admissão do estudo, receberam medicações para asma e foram monitorizados quanto à frequência de exacerbações durante o seguimento. Uma subamostra de 511 pacientes também respondeu questionários de sintomas e de qualidade de vida relacionada a asma. RESULTADOS: Dos 731 pacientes estudados, 563 (77% eram do sexo feminino, com mediana de idade de 47 anos, e 12% não eram alfabetizados. A maioria dos pacientes apresentava rinite, e 70 (10% relataram asma quase fatal antes da admissão. Desses 70 pacientes, 41 (59% relataram terem sido intubados previamente. Os pacientes com asma quase fatal na admissão eram mais propensos a exacerbações de asma durante o acompanhamento e tiveram menor resposta ao tratamento do que aqueles sem asma quase fatal. Os resultados dos questionários no final do acompanhamento foram semelhantes nos dois grupos de pacientes. CONCLUSÕES: A frequência de asma quase fatal foi alta nesta população de pacientes com asma grave e de baixa renda. Os pacientes com histórico de asma quase fatal tiveram um pior prognóstico que aqueles sem esse histórico, embora tenham recebido o mesmo tratamento. Curiosamente, a intensidade dos sintomas e a qualidade de vida no final do estudo foram semelhantes entre os dois grupos de pacientes.OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of near-fatal asthma in a group of severe asthma patients, as well as the clinical characteristics and prognosis of these patients within a one-year follow-up period. METHODS: A prospective study involving 731 low-income patients with severe asthma treated at a
Estudio constructivo de las ruinas de San Miguel de Sacramenia, como base para su restauración
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Martínez-Monedero, M.
2015-09-01
Full Text Available The paper discusses the constructive state of the evocative ruins of the Hermitage of San Miguel of Sacramenia. The building, despite gather important historical, artistic and landscape values, has not received some attention in recent decades and aging anonymous with obvious risk of collapse. The text addresses the constructive-pathological study of the ruins as a tool to denounce their precarious state and as documentation on which to base a possible restoration project that result in conservation.El artículo aborda el preocupante estado constructivo de las evocadoras ruinas de la Ermita de San Miguel de Sacramenia. Edificio que, a pesar de reunir importantes valores histórico, artístico y paisajístico, no ha recibido atención alguna en las últimas décadas y envejece anónimo con riesgo evidente de colapso. El texto aborda el estudio constructivo-patológico de sus ruinas como herramienta para informar de su precario estado y como base documental sobre la que fundamentar un posible proyecto de restauración que tenga como consecuencia su conservación.
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Mª ANTONIA SEIJO-GARCÍA
2013-01-01
Full Text Available Este trabajo pretende analizar las consecuencias positivas derivadas de la implantación de la norma ISO 14001 en la comunidad autónoma de Galicia. Nos servimos para ello de una muestra representativa de empresas de la Comunidad Autónoma de Galicia a las que se les ha enviado la encuesta (ver anexo B. La realización de este estudio supone una mejora respecto a otros trabajos similares realizados en la comunidad ya que permiten entender de manera más pormenorizada la situación de la ISO 14001 en Galicia. Entre las consecuencias positivas detectadas destaca la mejora en la gestión medioambiental, lo que repercute en un ahorro económico y contribuye a mejorar la imagen de la empresa.
Meissner, Christoph; Recker, Sabine; Reiter, Arthur; Friedrich, Hans Juergen; Oehmichen, Manfred
2002-11-05
The study was performed to distinguish fatal from non-fatal blood concentrations of morphine. For this purpose, blood levels of free morphine and total morphine (free morphine plus morphine conjugates) in 207 cases of heroin-related deaths were compared to those in 27 drivers surviving opiate intoxication. The majority of both survivors and non-survivors were found to show a concomitant use of depressants including alcohol or stimulants. Blood morphine levels in both groups varied widely, with a large area of overlap between survivors (free morphine: 0-128 ng/ml, total morphine: 10-2,110 ng/ml) and non-survivors (free morphine: 0-2,800 ng/ml, total morphine: 33-5,000 ng/ml). Five (18.5%) survivors and 87 (42.0%) non-survivors exhibit intoxication only by morphine. In these cases, too, both groups overlapped (survivors-free morphine: 28-93 ng/ml, total morphine: 230-1,451 ng/ml; non-survivors-free morphine: 0-2,800 ng/ml, total morphine: 119-4,660 ng/ml). Although the blood levels of free or total morphine do not allow a reliable prediction of survival versus non-survival, the ratio of free/total morphine may be a criterion to distinguish lethal versus survived intoxication. The mean of the ratio of free to total morphine for all lethal cases (N=207) was 0.293, for those that survived (N=27) 0.135, in cases of intoxication only by morphine 0.250 (N=87) and 0.080 (N=5), respectively. Applying a cut-off of 0.12 for free/total morphine and performing ROC analyses, fatal outcome can be predicted in 80% of the cases correctly, whereas 16% of the survivors were classified as dead. Nevertheless, in this study, all cases with a blood concentration of 200 ng/ml and more of free morphine displayed a fatal outcome.
Usando la inteligencia emocional para prevenir las consecuencias negativas del conflicto relacional
Benítez, Miriam; Mendoza, Isabel
2016-01-01
Las relaciones conflictivas en el trabajo y su gestión ineficaz constituyen uno de los estresores de carácter psicosocial más importantes de las organizaciones de hoy en día. Si bien es cierto que no hay un acuerdo unánime sobre las consecuencias negativas del conflicto de tareas sobre el bienestar laboral, sí se ha demostrado que el conflicto de relaciones provoca cogniciones, emociones y reacciones negativas en los empleados, incrementando los niveles de tensión y ansiedad, e induciendo en ...
Fatal poisonings in Oslo: a one-year observational study.
Bjornaas, Mari A; Teige, Brita; Hovda, Knut E; Ekeberg, Oivind; Heyerdahl, Fridtjof; Jacobsen, Dag
2010-06-06
Acute poisonings are common and are treated at different levels of the health care system. Since most fatal poisonings occur outside hospital, these must be included when studying characteristics of such deaths. The pattern of toxic agents differs between fatal and non-fatal poisonings. By including all poisoning episodes, cause-fatality rates can be calculated. Fatal and non-fatal acute poisonings in subjects aged > or =16 years in Oslo (428 198 inhabitants) were included consecutively in an observational multi-centre study including the ambulance services, the Oslo Emergency Ward (outpatient clinic), and hospitals, as well as medico-legal autopsies from 1st April 2003 to 31st March 2004. Characteristics of fatal poisonings were examined, and a comparison of toxic agents was made between fatal and non-fatal acute poisoning. In Oslo, during the one-year period studied, 103 subjects aged > or =16 years died of acute poisoning. The annual mortality rate was 24 per 100 000. The male-female ratio was 2:1, and the mean age was 44 years (range 19-86 years). In 92 cases (89%), death occurred outside hospital. The main toxic agents were opiates or opioids (65% of cases), followed by ethanol (9%), tricyclic anti-depressants (TCAs) (4%), benzodiazepines (4%), and zopiclone (4%). Seventy-one (69%) were evaluated as accidental deaths and 32 (31%) as suicides. In 70% of all cases, and in 34% of suicides, the deceased was classified as drug or alcohol dependent. When compared with the 2981 non-fatal acute poisonings registered during the study period, the case fatality rate was 3% (95% C.I., 0.03-0.04). Methanol, TCAs, and antihistamines had the highest case fatality rates; 33% (95% C.I., 0.008-0.91), 14% (95% C.I., 0.04-0.33), and 10% (95% C.I., 0.02-0.27), respectively. Three per cent of all acute poisonings were fatal, and nine out of ten deaths by acute poisonings occurred outside hospital. Two-thirds were evaluated as accidental deaths. Although case fatality rates were
Consecuencias del desempleo en la salud mental de una muestra de jóvenes angoleños
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José Manuel Tomás
2017-04-01
Full Text Available Entre los efectos del desempleo en la salud mental, destacan problemas de confianza, depresión y pérdida de recursos psicosociales. El objetivo es investigar las variables atenuantes del estrés sobre la salud mental en desempleados jóvenes angoleños mediante un modelo estructural con variables latentes. Se probaron los efectos del apoyo social, la resiliencia y las estrategias de afrontamiento sobre la salud mental, controlando por los efectos de ser económicamente suficiente. Para poner a prueba este modelo se ha contado con una muestra de 283 angoleños con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 30 años. El modelo se estimó en EQS 5.7. Los resultados indican un ajuste adecuado del modelo. Estos resultados apuntan a que apoyo social, resiliencia y estrategias de afrontamiento tienen un efecto atenuante sobre las consecuencias negativas del desempleo en la salud mental. Entre las implicaciones derivadas de este estudio destaca la necesidad de potenciar el apoyo de los padres, así como la necesidad de las instituciones sociales de encontrar modos de promover la búsqueda activa de empleo. Se discuten también los resultados obtenidos a la luz de la evidencia anterior y se sugieren las limitaciones derivadas del carácter transversal y de la muestra incidental del estudio.
Pérez Ostalé, Eva
2014-01-01
La Faja Pirítica Ibérica (FPI) es una de las regiones mineras más explotadas por el hombre desde la antigüedad como consecuencia del interés despertado por sus depósitos de sulfuros masivos. Esta intensa actividad extractiva ha provocado que el elevado número de explotacio nes ubicadas por toda la provincia metalogenética, sean la causa de la contaminación por drenaje ácido de mina (AMD en la literatura ...
Hemorragia alveolar como complicación del uso de trombolíticos
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Alejandra González
2011-12-01
Full Text Available La trombolisis se usa como estrategia de reperfusión coronaria en el infarto agudo de miocardio. El sangrado es su principal complicación; la mayoría ocurre en los sitios de accesos venosos y es leve, pero también pueden presentarse hemorragia gastrointestinal, retroperitoneal, genitourinaria, pulmonar y a nivel del sistema nervioso central, episodios estos generalmente de mayor gravedad y a veces fatales. Se describe aquí el caso de un paciente que recibió terapia trombolítica con estreptoquinasa como tratamiento por un infarto de miocardio, y que posteriormente desarrolló insuficiencia respiratoria aguda, infiltrados pulmonares bilaterales, caída del hematocrito y aumento de la difusión de monóxido de carbono, cuadro compatible con diagnóstico de hemorragia alveolar.
Different features of Vδ2 T and NK cells in fatal and non-fatal human Ebola infections.
Cimini, Eleonora; Viola, Domenico; Cabeza-Cabrerizo, Mar; Romanelli, Antonella; Tumino, Nicola; Sacchi, Alessandra; Bordoni, Veronica; Casetti, Rita; Turchi, Federica; Martini, Federico; Bore, Joseph A; Koundouno, Fara Raymond; Duraffour, Sophie; Michel, Janine; Holm, Tobias; Zekeng, Elsa Gayle; Cowley, Lauren; Garcia Dorival, Isabel; Doerrbecker, Juliane; Hetzelt, Nicole; Baum, Jonathan H J; Portmann, Jasmine; Wölfel, Roman; Gabriel, Martin; Miranda, Osvaldo; Díaz, Graciliano; Díaz, José E; Fleites, Yoel A; Piñeiro, Carlos A; Castro, Carlos M; Koivogui, Lamine; Magassouba, N'Faly; Diallo, Boubacar; Ruibal, Paula; Oestereich, Lisa; Wozniak, David M; Lüdtke, Anja; Becker-Ziaja, Beate; Capobianchi, Maria R; Ippolito, Giuseppe; Carroll, Miles W; Günther, Stephan; Di Caro, Antonino; Muñoz-Fontela, César; Agrati, Chiara
2017-05-01
Human Ebola infection is characterized by a paralysis of the immune system. A signature of αβ T cells in fatal Ebola infection has been recently proposed, while the involvement of innate immune cells in the protection/pathogenesis of Ebola infection is unknown. Aim of this study was to analyze γδ T and NK cells in patients from the Ebola outbreak of 2014-2015 occurred in West Africa, and to assess their association with the clinical outcome. Nineteen Ebola-infected patients were enrolled at the time of admission to the Ebola Treatment Centre in Guinea. Patients were divided in two groups on the basis of the clinical outcome. The analysis was performed by using multiparametric flow cytometry established by the European Mobile Laboratory in the field. A low frequency of Vδ2 T-cells was observed during Ebola infection, independently from the clinical outcome. Moreover, Vδ2 T-cells from Ebola patients massively expressed CD95 apoptotic marker, suggesting the involvement of apoptotic mechanisms in Vδ2 T-cell loss. Interestingly, Vδ2 T-cells from survivors expressed an effector phenotype and presented a lower expression of the CTLA-4 exhaustion marker than fatalities, suggesting a role of effector Vδ2 T-cells in the protection. Furthermore, patients with fatal Ebola infection were characterized by a lower NK cell frequency than patients with non fatal infection. In particular, both CD56bright and CD56dim NK frequency were very low both in fatal and non fatal infections, while a higher frequency of CD56neg NK cells was associated to non-fatal infections. Finally, NK activation and expression of NKp46 and CD158a were independent from clinical outcome. Altogether, the data suggest that both effector Vδ2 T-cells and NK cells may play a role in the complex network of protective response to EBOV infection. Further studies are required to characterize the protective effector functions of Vδ2 and NK cells.
Different features of Vδ2 T and NK cells in fatal and non-fatal human Ebola infections.
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Eleonora Cimini
2017-05-01
Full Text Available Human Ebola infection is characterized by a paralysis of the immune system. A signature of αβ T cells in fatal Ebola infection has been recently proposed, while the involvement of innate immune cells in the protection/pathogenesis of Ebola infection is unknown. Aim of this study was to analyze γδ T and NK cells in patients from the Ebola outbreak of 2014-2015 occurred in West Africa, and to assess their association with the clinical outcome.Nineteen Ebola-infected patients were enrolled at the time of admission to the Ebola Treatment Centre in Guinea. Patients were divided in two groups on the basis of the clinical outcome. The analysis was performed by using multiparametric flow cytometry established by the European Mobile Laboratory in the field. A low frequency of Vδ2 T-cells was observed during Ebola infection, independently from the clinical outcome. Moreover, Vδ2 T-cells from Ebola patients massively expressed CD95 apoptotic marker, suggesting the involvement of apoptotic mechanisms in Vδ2 T-cell loss. Interestingly, Vδ2 T-cells from survivors expressed an effector phenotype and presented a lower expression of the CTLA-4 exhaustion marker than fatalities, suggesting a role of effector Vδ2 T-cells in the protection. Furthermore, patients with fatal Ebola infection were characterized by a lower NK cell frequency than patients with non fatal infection. In particular, both CD56bright and CD56dim NK frequency were very low both in fatal and non fatal infections, while a higher frequency of CD56neg NK cells was associated to non-fatal infections. Finally, NK activation and expression of NKp46 and CD158a were independent from clinical outcome.Altogether, the data suggest that both effector Vδ2 T-cells and NK cells may play a role in the complex network of protective response to EBOV infection. Further studies are required to characterize the protective effector functions of Vδ2 and NK cells.
Fatal crashes involving large numbers of vehicles and weather.
Wang, Ying; Liang, Liming; Evans, Leonard
2017-12-01
Adverse weather has been recognized as a significant threat to traffic safety. However, relationships between fatal crashes involving large numbers of vehicles and weather are rarely studied according to the low occurrence of crashes involving large numbers of vehicles. By using all 1,513,792 fatal crashes in the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) data, 1975-2014, we successfully described these relationships. We found: (a) fatal crashes involving more than 35 vehicles are most likely to occur in snow or fog; (b) fatal crashes in rain are three times as likely to involve 10 or more vehicles as fatal crashes in good weather; (c) fatal crashes in snow [or fog] are 24 times [35 times] as likely to involve 10 or more vehicles as fatal crashes in good weather. If the example had used 20 vehicles, the risk ratios would be 6 for rain, 158 for snow, and 171 for fog. To reduce the risk of involvement in fatal crashes with large numbers of vehicles, drivers should slow down more than they currently do under adverse weather conditions. Driver deaths per fatal crash increase slowly with increasing numbers of involved vehicles when it is snowing or raining, but more steeply when clear or foggy. We conclude that in order to reduce risk of involvement in crashes involving large numbers of vehicles, drivers must reduce speed in fog, and in snow or rain, reduce speed by even more than they already do. Copyright © 2017 National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Huggins, Richard
2013-10-01
Precise estimation of the relative risk of motorcyclists being involved in a fatal accident compared to car drivers is difficult. Simple estimates based on the proportions of licenced drivers or riders that are killed in a fatal accident are biased as they do not take into account the exposure to risk. However, exposure is difficult to quantify. Here we adapt the ideas behind the well known induced exposure methods and use available summary data on speeding detections and fatalities for motorcycle riders and car drivers to estimate the relative risk of a fatality for motorcyclists compared to car drivers under mild assumptions. The method is applied to data on motorcycle riders and car drivers in Victoria, Australia in 2010 and a small simulation study is conducted. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Lidia Caridad Hernández Gómez
Full Text Available Introducción: la relevancia otorgada al desgaste profesional (DP como riesgo psicosocial relacionado con el trabajo que afecta la salud del médico, es un hecho creciente, así como sus consecuencias sobre la salud mental, física, la calidad de vida y eficacia de estos profesionales. Igualmente se ha señalado que recursos positivos de la personalidad como la autoestima, pueden ejercer un efecto modulador sobre la aparición del desgaste profesional. Objetivo: identificar la presencia desgaste profesional y su relación con la autoestima en los especialistas en Medicina General Integral. Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal, entre enero y junio de 2012. Se seleccionó una muestra de 85 especialistas en Medicina General Integral del municipio Plaza de la Revolución. Se emplearon para el estudio el Cuestionario Breve de Burnout y el de Autoestima (versión para adultos de Cooper-Smith. Resultados: la aplicación de los instrumentos y las pruebas estadísticas permitieron identificar la presencia del DP en los especialistas estudiados, así como la relación que guarda este constructo con la autoestima de los profesionales. Conclusiones. se constató la elevada presencia del desgaste profesional en los especialistas estudiados. Los niveles bajos y medios de autoestima están relacionados con el desgaste profesional y el cansancio emocional en estos especialistas, lo cual apunta a que esta instancia de la personalidad puede modular la aparición del síndrome y sus repercusiones.
Reproducción tardía y tratamientos de fertilización: consecuencias bio-sanitarias
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Fuster Siebert, Vicente
2007-01-01
Full Text Available A partir de los años 60 se observó, coincidiendo con el desarrollo de técnicas de contracepción eficaces y con la incorporación femenina al mundo laboral, que en algunos países europeos con mayor nivel de bienestar, la edad a la que ocurría la primera maternidad se iba retrasando progresivamente. Es sabido que conforme la edad de la mujer aumenta, además de posibles efectos negativos sobre el recién nacido (bajo peso y prematuridad, su fecundidad disminuye debido, tanto a cambios en la frecuencia de relaciones sexuales, como a una menor fecundabilidad y a una mayor probabilidad de aborto. En ocasiones, se intenta resolver la dificultad de concebir mediante el recurso de técnicas de reproducción asistida. Cabe preguntarse si estas técnicas implican algún riesgo en cuanto a la mortalidad o morbilidad del niño. Diversos estudios han puesto en evidencia que aquellos concebidos por reproducción asistida, acumulan más del doble de defectos congénitos que los fecundados de forma natural. Otra consecuencia negativa es la aparición de gestaciones múltiples, las cuales se asocian con un menor peso al nacimiento y mayor incidencia de prematuros. Además, ya sea por una mayor probabilidad de anomalías congénitas o por otras causas (tales como el síndrome transfusional, las gestaciones múltiples resultan en una mayor frecuencia de pérdidas fetales tardías. Por lo que se refiere a la mortalidad perinatal, la mayoría de los estudios indican un riesgo superior relacionado con los tratamientos de reproducción asistida, debido principalmente, pero no exclusivamente, a la mayor incidencia de múltiples. De todo lo anterior, se concluye la necesidad de planificar el coste sanitario que puede suponer la atención de recién nacidos prematuros y de bajo peso, resultado de una edad de maternidad elevada asociada a tratamientos de reproducción asistida.
Coffee consumption and risk of fatal cancers.
Snowdon, D A; Phillips, R L
1984-01-01
In 1960, the coffee consumption habits and other lifestyle characteristics of 23,912 white Seventh-day Adventists were assessed by questionnaire. Between 1960 and 1980, deaths due to cancer were identified. There were positive associations between coffee consumption and fatal colon and bladder cancer. The group consuming two or more cups of coffee per day had an estimated relative risk (RR) of 1.7 for fatal colon cancer and 2.0 for fatal bladder cancer, compared to the group that consumed less than one cup per day (RR = 1.0). These positive associations were apparently not confounded by age, sex, cigarette smoking, or meat consumption habits. In this study, there were no significant or suggestive associations between coffee consumption and fatal pancreatic, breast, and ovarian cancer, or a combined group of all other cancer sites. PMID:6742274
Nuestra variedad lingüística como variedad biológica
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Danilo Salamanca
2014-05-01
Full Text Available El estudio se centra en señalar problemas esenciales sobre las consecuencias culturales ante la pérdida de idiomas ancestrales, en particular referido al patrimonio lingüístico indígena centroamericano. Señala algunas relaciones entre este proceso y las discusiones sobre la protección de los ecosistemas biológicos de la región, y llama la atención sobre las políticas que existen o deberían existir, para recuperar y preservar tanto el componente cultural (los idiomas como el natural. This study examines essential problems related to the cultural consequences due to the loss of ancestral languages, especially Central American Indigenous languages. It mentions relationships between this process and discussions about the protection of biological ecosystems in the region, and addresses policies that exist, or should exist, to recover and preserve both cultural (linguistic and natural components.
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Pablo García Ruiz
2005-09-01
Full Text Available This paper presents a review of the current discussion on «brand communities», i.e., specialized, non geographically bound communities, based on a structured set of social relationships among admirers of a brand. It also explores some consequences of this explicitly commercial social solidarity, such as new forms of consumer empowerment and new ways of shaping objects meanings. Finally, it proposes a relational framework in which objects, brands, social groups and corporations play a differentiated but connected role in consumption experience.En la literatura anglosajona reciente se ha explorado la existencia de «brand communities», es decir, grupos sociales específicos cuyos miembros comparten una lealtad intensa a una determinada marca comercial. En el presente artículo se sintetizan las principales aportaciones y se exploran las consecuencias de esa vinculación de tipo comunitario para la experiencia de consumo, la construcción del significado de los objetos y la posición del consumidor respecto al dominio de las empresas ahora globales. Se propone un marco de referencia relacional en el que objetos, marcas, empresas y grupos sociales actúan como mediaciones en la experiencia del consumidor.
Buses involved in fatal accidents codebook 2008.
2011-03-01
This report provides documentation for UMTRIs file of Buses Involved in Fatal Accidents (BIFA), 2008, : including distributions of the code values for each variable in the file. The 2008 BIFA file is a census of all : buses involved in a fatal acc...
Buses involved in fatal accidents codebook 2007.
2009-12-01
This report provides documentation for UMTRIs file of Buses Involved in Fatal Accidents (BIFA), 2007, : including distributions of the code values for each variable in the file. The 2007 BIFA file is a census of all : buses involved in a fatal acc...
M.L. Bots (Michiel); J. Tuomilehto; D.E. Grobbee (Diederick); P.J. Koudstaal (Peter Jan); Y. Nikitin; J.T. Salonen; P.C. Elwood; S. Malyutina; A. Freire de Concalves; J. Sivenius; A. di Carlo; P. Lagiou
2002-01-01
textabstractBACKGROUND: This study investigated the association between electrocardiographically assessed left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and fatal, non-fatal, haemorrhagic and ischaemic stroke in four European cohorts participating in EUROSTROKE. METHODS: EUROSTROKE is a
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Ivan Armando Osuna-Padilla
2017-07-01
Full Text Available La enfermedad renal crónica y el estado urémico se asocian con alteraciones en la permeabilidad intestinal y cambios en la microbiota intestinal, provocando una mayor producción y translocación de toxinas urémicas como sulfato de indoxilo (IS y sulfato de p-cresilo (pCS, detonando una respuesta inflamatoria. El estado inflamatorio y el incremento en concentraciones séricas de IS y pCS se han asociado con una mayor mortalidad, mayor número de eventos cardiovasculares y mayores alteraciones en el metabolismo mineral y óseo. Se han estudiado diversas estrategias nutricionales y farmacológicas para modular la microbiota intestinal y mejorar las alteraciones en la permeabilidad intestinal, entre ellas la suplementación con probióticos, prebióticos y simbióticos, modificaciones en la composición de la dieta y uso de agentes adsorbentes. El objetivo del presente trabajo es realizar una revisión de las causas de las alteraciones intestinales y de la microbiota intestinal en el paciente con enfermedad renal crónica, analizando las consecuencias de dichos cambios y las intervenciones estudiadas hasta la actualidad.
Los Triángulos de Delaunay como Procesamiento Previo para Extractores Difusos
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Manuel Ramírez Flores
2014-01-01
Full Text Available La información biométrica que se extrae de las huellas dactilares tiende a ser diferente en cada adquisición, dada la incertidumbre existente en las mediciones y la presencia de ruido en las muestras, lo cual puede ocasionar que las palabras código generadas dentro de un extractor difuso posean un número de errores tal que rebase la capacidad de corrección de la codificación. Como consecuencia se tiene que lo anterior puede ocasionar que las huellas dactilares de una misma persona sean catalogadas como no coincidentes en su verificación o bien, que huellas de individuos diferentes parezcan demasiado similares. Para mitigar los efectos antes mencionados y sobrepasar las dificultades del pre-alineamiento de huellas dactilares, se propuso el uso de triángulos de Delaunay, lo cual permite proveer de estabilidad estructural local a la representación espacial de la información biométrica. En esa propuesta, las minucias de la huella son utilizadas como vértices de las triangulaciones y la red formada por éstas es tolerante a distorsiones, rotaciones y traslaciones. Sin embargo, en dicha propuesta se considera a la dispersión de minucias de huellas dactilares como no degenerativa y por tanto no se mencionan los umbrales o criterios necesarios para la formación de dichas triangulaciones, lo cual repercute en el desempeño de los extractores difusos. Con base en ello, este artículo presenta los resultados obtenidos al probar la formación de triangulaciones de Delaunay en imágenes de huella dactilar, en donde se aplican umbrales y criterios geométricos para luego contabilizar los triángulos coincidentes entre las estructuras formadas y definir los umbrales que maximicen dichas coincidencias.
Fatal accidents among Danes with multiple sclerosis
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Brønnum-Hansen, Henrik; Hansen, Thomas; Koch-Henriksen, Nils
2006-01-01
We compared the rate of fatal accidents among Danes with multiple sclerosis (MS) with that of the general population. The study was based on linkage of the Danish Multiple Sclerosis Registry to the Cause of Death Registry and covered all 10174 persons in whom MS was diagnosed during the period 19...... for deaths from burns (SMR = 8.90) and suffocation (SMR = 5.57). We conclude that persons with MS are more prone to fatal accidents than the general population. The excess risk is due not to traffic accidents but to burns and suffocation.......-1996. The end of follow-up was 1 January 1999. We calculated standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) for various types of fatal accidents. A total of 76 persons (48 men and 28 women) died from accidents, whereas the expected number of fatalities from such causes was 55.7 (31.4 men and 24.3 women). Thus, the risk...... for death from accidents among persons with MS was 37% higher than that of the general population (SMR = 1.37). We found no significant excess risk for fatal road accidents (SMR = 0.80). The risk for falls was elevated (SMR = 1.29) but not statistically significantly so. The risks were particularly high...
Bertel Pérez, Gina Marcela
2014-01-01
La presente investigación busca estudiar el impacto sobre las exportaciones de café colombiano a Corea del Sur, luego de firmado el Tratado de Libre Comercio entre ambos países, ello analizado a través de la actividad comercial de la empresa COLCAFE S.A.S. -- Se parte entonces de una breve reseña histórica que busca concientizar al lector sobre la importancia real que tiene el café en la economía y la cultura colombiana, dado que es la forma de sustento de muchas familias, como queda demostra...
Has the great recession and its aftermath reduced traffic fatalities?
Noland, Robert B; Zhou, Yuhan
2017-01-01
An analysis of state-level data from 1984 to 2014 provides evidence on the relationship between economic recessions and US traffic fatalities. While there are large reductions associated with decreases in household median income, other policy variables tend to have additional and in some cases, larger effects. An increase in the inequality of the income distribution, measured by the Gini index, has reduced traffic fatalities. Graduated licensing policies, cell phone laws, and motorcycle helmet requirements are all associated with reductions in fatalities. Other factors include a proxy for medical technology, and access to emergency medical services (based on the percent of vehicle miles traveled in rural areas); reductions in the latter accounted for a substantial reduction in fatalities and is likely another indicator of reduced economic activity. Changes in the road network, mainly increases in the percent of collector roads has increased fatalities. Population growth is associated with increased traffic fatalities and changes in age cohorts has a small negative effect. Overall, results suggest that there has been a beneficial impact on traffic fatalities from reduced economic activity, but various policies adopted by the states have also reduced traffic fatalities. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Leal Londoño, Maria del Pilar
2008-01-01
Bogotá una ciudad cuyo suelo rural corresponde a 78.00 hectáreas que representan poco mas del 75 por ciento de todo el territorio, pero en donde el 25 por ciento restante que corresponde a suelo urbano alberga una alta densidad habitacional, consecuencia de la concentración de las actividades económicas que se contraponen a la ausencia de oportunidades relacionadas con la actividad agraria que logren mitigar fenómenos como la “migración campo-ciudad”; requiere dentro de la planeación del enfo...
Results from the Hawaii domestic violence fatality review, 2000-2009
Pobutsky, Ann; Brown, Melissa; Nakao, Lisa; Reyes-Salvail, Florentina
2014-01-01
Abstract: Background: Patterns of domestic violence fatalities and agency responses in Hawaii have not been explicated. Methods: Retrospective reviews of events leading up to domestic violence related fatalities in Hawaii were assessed from 45 adjudicated cases that resulted in 62 fatalities for the ten year period from 2000-2009. Results: Almost one-half of the fatalities were homicide/suicide combinations. Females were disproportionately more likely to be fatal victims of domestic violence relative to their proportion in the population. Those aged 21-40 years and those over 80 years were more likely to be fatal victims of domestic violence, relative to their proportion in the population. Filipinas and ‘Other” ethnic groups are disproportionately more likely to be fatal victims of domestic violence while Native Hawaiians and Japanese are less likely to be fatal victims, relative to their proportions in the population. In more than two-thirds of the cases, the victim had made some attempt to leave the relationship prior to the fatality. Conclusions: In the majority of cases there was agency involvement in some form: either the victim alone or the perpetrator alone, or both. However, less than one-third (31.1%) of the cases over the past ten years had documentation of prior violence from medical reports, so this may be an area to further document and address domestic violence. PMID:24292165
Results from the Hawaii domestic violence fatality review, 2000-2009
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Ann Pobutsky
2014-07-01
Full Text Available Abstract: Background: Patterns of domestic violence fatalities and agency responses in Hawaii have not been explicated. Methods: Retrospective reviews of events leading up to domestic violence related fatalities in Hawaii were assessed from 45 adjudicated cases that resulted in 62 fatalities for the ten year period from 2000-2009. Results: Almost one-half of the fatalities were homicide/suicide combinations. Females were disproportionately more likely to be fatal victims of domestic violence relative to their proportion in the population. Those aged 21-40 years and those over 80 years were more likely to be fatal victims of domestic violence, relative to their proportion in the population. Filipinas and „Other” ethnic groups are disproportionately more likely to be fatal victims of domestic violence while Native Hawaiians and Japanese are less likely to be fatal victims, relative to their proportions in the population. In more than two-thirds of the cases, the victim had made some attempt to leave the relationship prior to the fatality. Conclusions: In the majority of cases there was agency involvement in some form: either the victim alone or the perpetrator alone, or both. However, less than one-third (31.1% of the cases over the past ten years had documentation of prior violence from medical reports, so this may be an area to further document and address domestic violence.
Fatal injuries to teenage construction workers in the US.
Suruda, Anthony; Philips, Peter; Lillquist, Dean; Sesek, Richard
2003-11-01
The construction industry is second only to agriculture in the annual number of fatal injuries in workers less than 18 years of age. We examined fatal injury reports for youth and adult workers to determine risk factors for injury and applicability of existing child labor regulations. The US Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) investigation data for fatal work injuries from 1984 through 1998 were reviewed with respect to type of event, employer characteristics, and apparent violations of existing child labor laws under the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA). We also examined whether the employer met exemption criteria for federal enforcement of child labor or OSHA regulations. The fatality rate for teenage construction workers age 19 and younger was 12.1 per 100,000 per year, slightly less than for adult workers. Teenage workers who were fatally injured were more likely than adults to have been employed at non-union construction firms (odds ratio (OR) = 4.96, P worker. Fatalities in teenagers were more likely to occur in special construction trades such as roofing. Among fatalities in workers less than 18 years of age, approximately one-half (49%) of the 76 fatal injuries were in apparent violation of existing child labor regulations. We estimated that in 41 of the 76 cases (54%) the employer's gross annual income exceeded the $500,000 threshold for federal enforcement of child labor laws. Only 28 of 76 cases (37%) were at construction firms with 11 or more employees, which are subject to routine OSHA inspections. Fatal injuries in teenage construction workers differed from those in adults in that they were more likely to be at small, non-union firms of which a substantial proportion were exempt from federal enforcement of child labor laws and from routine OSHA inspections. Safety programs for young construction workers should include small, non-union construction firms and those in special construction trades such as roofing. We did not identify
Fatal accidents at railway level crossings in Great Britain 1946-2009.
Evans, Andrew W
2011-09-01
This paper investigates fatal accidents and fatalities at level crossings in Great Britain over the 64-year period 1946-2009. The numbers of fatal accidents and fatalities per year fell by about 65% in the first half of that period, but since then have remained more or less constant at about 11 fatal accidents and 12 fatalities per year. At the same time other types of railway fatalities have fallen, so level crossings represent a growing proportion of the total. Nevertheless, Britain's level crossing safety performance remains good by international standards. The paper classifies level crossings into three types: railway-controlled, automatic, and passive. The safety performance of the three types of crossings has been very different. Railway-controlled crossings are the best-performing crossing type, with falling fatal accident rates. Automatic crossings have higher accident rates per crossing than railway controlled or passive crossings, and the accident rates have not decreased. Passive crossings are by far the most numerous, but many have low usage by road users. Their fatal accident rate has remained remarkably constant over the whole period at about 0.9 fatal accidents per 1000 crossings per year. A principal reason why fatal accidents and fatalities have not fallen in the second half of the period as they did in the first half is the increase in the number of automatic crossings, replacing the safer railway controlled crossings on some public roads. However, it does not follow that this replacement was a mistake, because automatic crossings have advantages over controlled crossings in reducing delays to road users and in not needing staff. Based on the trends for each type of crossing and for pedestrian and non-pedestrian accidents separately, in 2009 a mean of about 5% of fatal accidents were at railway controlled crossings, 52% were at automatic crossings, and 43% were at passive crossings. Fatalities had similar proportions. About 60% of fatalities were
Olmedo Guerrero, Catherine Adriana
2015-01-01
Las habilidades comunicativas son esenciales para la vida de una persona, tanto por la necesidad básica de comunicación como por su importancia en la aprehensión de conocimientos. Muchos niños desarrollan pobremente sus capacidades para escuchar, hablar, leer y escribir, generando consecuencias negativas a nivel personal, social y educativo. ¿Cómo potenciar el desarrollo de estas habilidades? Este arti?culo, producto de una investigación de carácter cualitativo, propone hacerlo a partir de la...
Nordic ski jumping fatalities in the United States: a 50-year summary.
Wright, J R
1988-06-01
Nordic ski-jumping fatalities are rare events. Six jumping fatalities have occurred in the United States during the past 50 years. The fatality rate for nordic ski jumping, estimated to be roughly 12 fatalities/100,000 participants annually, appears to be within the range of fatality rates for other "risky" outdoor sports. Cervical fractures appear to be the most frequent fatal ski-jumping injury.
Macroeconomic fluctuations and motorcycle fatalities in the U.S.
French, Michael T; Gumus, Gulcin
2014-03-01
The effects of business cycles on health outcomes in general, and on traffic fatalities in particular, have received much attention recently. In this paper, we focus on motorcycle safety and examine the impact of changing levels of economic activity on fatal crashes by motorcyclists in the United States. We analyze state-level longitudinal data with 1,104 state/year observations from the 1988-2010 Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS). Using the extensive motorcycle crash characteristics available in FARS, we examine not only total fatality rates but also rates decomposed by crash type, day, time, and the level of the motorcycle operator's blood alcohol content. Our results are consistent with much of the existing literature showing that traffic fatality rates are pro-cyclical. The estimates suggest that a 10% increase in real income per capita is associated with a 10.4% rise in the total motorcycle fatality rate. Along with potential mechanisms, policymakers and public health officials should consider the effects of business cycles on motorcycle safety. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Characteristics of schools in which fatal shootings occur.
de Apodaca, Roberto Flores; Brighton, Lauren M; Perkins, Ashley N; Jackson, Kiana N; Steege, Jessica R
2012-04-01
School-based violence, and fatal school shootings in particular, have gained increased attention in the media and psychological literature. Most reports have focused on the characteristics of perpetrators, but there is a growing awareness that school-related factors may also influence the occurrence of fatal school shootings. The current study examined several key characteristics of all schools where random (38) and targeted (96) fatal shootings occurred in the United States between 1966 and 2009. These were compared with a group (138) of schools randomly selected to represent the population of all schools in the United States. The size of a school's enrollment, urban or suburban locale, public funding, and predominantly non-white enrollment were positively associated with fatal shootings. Universities and colleges were disproportionately associated with random shootings and high schools with targeted ones. It was proposed that characteristics of schools that allow feelings of anonymity or alienation among students may help create environmental conditions associated with fatal school shootings. Implications for future research and interventions are considered.
Queering Gender: The New Femme Fatale in Almodóvar’s La mala educación (2004
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Pastor, Brígida M.
2013-06-01
Full Text Available It is difficult to define film genres in the post-modern cinema, as they are strongly influenced by the conventions of classic genres. Within this context the emergence of transgressive or “dissident” identities have populated such genres and particularly the creation of a modern femme fatale has become a popular and polemical character in contemporary fiction. This new transgressive identity deviates from its counterpart in classical cinema-film noir. Pedro Almodóvar’s La mala educación (2004 reveals that the modern femme fatale has become at the turn of the twenty-first century an integral part of the queer community, thus proposing a new filmic platform of queering gender for the vindication of the rights of the (“other” stigmatized identities.Es difícil definir los géneros fílmicos en el cine post-moderno, ya que están fuertemente influenciados por los géneros clásicos convencionales. Dentro de este contexto, el surgimiento de identidades transgresivas o “disidentes” ha habitado estos géneros y en particular la creación de una nueva femme fatale se ha convertido en un personaje popular y polémico en la ficción contemporánea. El filme de Pedro Almodóvar, La mala educación (2004, a comienzos del siglo XXI, revela que la nueva femme fatale se ha convertido en una parte integral de la comunidad queer, proponiendo así una nueva plataforma fílmica de género torcido que sirve como vindicación de los derechos de las (“otras” identidades estigmatizadas.
Harrison-Woolrych, Mira; Ashton, Janelle; Herbison, Peter
2010-07-01
The cardiovascular safety of sibutramine is currently under review by medicines regulatory authorities worldwide after the SCOUT (Sibutramine Cardiovascular Outcome Trial) showed an increased risk of cardiovascular events in patients taking sibutramine. Further data regarding the cardiovascular safety of sibutramine in a general population are now required. To quantify the risk of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular adverse events in a general population prescribed sibutramine in postmarketing use. Observational prospective cohort study of patients dispensed sibutramine during a 3-year period (2001-4) and followed up for at least 1 year after their last prescription. The study included record-linkage to national mortality datasets to identify fatal events. Postmarketing 'real-life' use of sibutramine in a general population in New Zealand. All New Zealand patients dispensed a prescription for sibutramine in a 3-year period (for whom a National Health Identification number could be validated). 15 686 patients were included in the record linkage study for fatal events. A subgroup of 9471 patients was followed up by intensive methods for non-fatal events. (i) Rate of death from all causes and from cardiovascular events; and (ii) rates of non-fatal cardiovascular adverse events. Total exposure to sibutramine for 15 686 patients in the validated cohort was 5431 treatment-years. The rate of death from all causes in this cohort was 0.13 (95% CI 0.05, 0.27) per 100 treatment-years exposure. The rate of death from a cardiovascular event was 0.07 (95% CI 0.02, 0.19) per 100 treatment-years exposure. The most frequent non-fatal cardiovascular events in the intensively followed up cohort were hypertension, palpitations, hypotensive events and tachycardia. Risk of death from a cardiovascular event in this general population of patients prescribed sibutramine was lower than has been reported in other overweight/obese populations. The results of this study suggest that further
Reporting Fatal Neglect in Child Death Review.
Scott, Debbie
2018-01-01
Child death reviews are conducted with the aim of preventing child deaths however, definitions, inclusion criteria for the review of child deaths and reporting practices vary across Child Death Review Teams (CDRTs). This article aims to identify a common context and understanding of fatal neglect reporting by reviewing definitional issues of fatal neglect and comparing reporting practice across a number of CDRTs. Providing a consistent context for identifying and reporting neglect-related deaths may improve the understanding of the impact of fatal neglect and the risk factors associated with it and therefore, improve the potential of CDRT review to inform prevention programs, policies, and procedures.
Fatal poisoning among patients with drug addiction
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Simonsen, Kirsten Wiese; Christoffersen, Dorte J; Banner, Jytte
2015-01-01
INTRODUCTION: Fatal poisonings among drug addicts in Denmark in 2012 were examined. Cause of death, abuse pattern and geographic differences are discussed and data are compared with previous studies. METHODS: All fatal poisonings examined at the three institutes of forensic medicine in Denmark...... on Funen and in South Jutland. Cocaine was most frequently detected in East Denmark, while amphetamine was more frequent in West Denmark. CONCLUSIONS: The number of fatal poisonings among drug addicts has stabilised around 200. The increase in methadone deaths continued and, as in 2007, methadone...... with 2007, indicating that a considerable number of drug addicts also have psychiatric illness. FUNDING: none. TRIAL REGISTRATION: not relevant....
Fatal poisoning among patients with drug addiction
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Simonsen, K. W.; Christoffersen, D. J.; Banner, J.
2015-01-01
Introduction: Fatal poisonings among drug addicts in Denmark in 2012 were examined. Cause of death, abuse pattern and geographic differences are discussed and data are compared with previous studies. Methods: All fatal poisonings examined at the three institutes of forensic medicine in Denmark...... on Funen and in South Jutland. Cocaine was most frequently detected in East Denmark, while amphetamine was more frequent in West Denmark. ConclusionS: The number of fatal poisonings among drug addicts has stabilised around 200. The increase in methadone deaths continued and, as in 2007, methadone...... with 2007, indicating that a considerable number of drug addicts also have psychiatric illness....
Fatal injuries among grounds maintenance workers: United States, 2003--2008.
2011-05-06
A total of 1,142 grounds maintenance workers (GMWs) were fatally injured at work during 2003--2008, an average of 190 each year. GMWs accounted for 3.4% of all occupational fatalities, and 31% of those GMWs were Hispanic or Latino. Approximately 83% of the Hispanic or Latino GMWs who died were born outside the United States. In 2008, approximately 1.52 million persons were employed as GMWs, constituting 1.0% of the U.S. workforce. During 2003--2007, an average of 13.3 per 100,000 employed GMWs died each year, compared with an overall rate of 4.0 fatalities per 100,000 U.S. workers. The rate of on-the-job fatal injuries among GMWs has remained elevated relative to other workers for >20 years. This report characterizes events leading to GMW fatalities and differences in fatality characteristics across demographic groups among GMWs, based on an evaluation of 2003--2008 data from the U.S. Department of Labor's Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries (CFOI) program. The report also identifies workplace interventions that might reduce the incidence of fatal injuries. Major events leading to GMW occupational fatalities included transportation incidents (31%), contact with objects and equipment (25%), falls (23%), and traumatic acute exposures to harmful substances or environments (e.g., electrocution and drowning) (16%). To reduce the incidence of such fatalities, employers, trade and worker associations, and policy makers should focus on effective, targeted workplace safety interventions such as frequent hazard identification and training for specific hazards. Diversity among the populations of workers requires use of culture- and language-appropriate training techniques as part of comprehensive injury and illness prevention programs.
Clinical diagnosis versus autopsy findings in polytrauma fatalities
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Fakler Johannes K
2010-10-01
Full Text Available Abstract Objectives The aim of the study was to determine if differences in clinical diagnosis versus autopsy findings concerning the cause of death in polytrauma fatalities would be detected in 19 cases of fatal polytrauma from a Level 1 trauma centre. Methods Clinical diagnoses determining the cause of death in 19 cases of fatal polytrauma (2007 - 2008 from a Level 1 trauma centre were correlated with autopsy findings. Results In 13 cases (68%, the clinical cause of death and the cause of death as determined by autopsy were congruent. Marginal differences occurred in three (16% patients while obvious differences in interpreting the cause of death were found in another three (16% cases. Five fatalities (three with obvious differences and two with marginal differences were remarked as early death (1-4 h after trauma and one fatality with marginal differences as late death (>1 week after trauma. Obvious and marginal discrepancies mostly occurred in the early phase of treatment, especially when severely injured patients were admitted to the emergency room undergoing continued cardiopulmonary resuscitation, i. e. limiting diagnostic procedures, and thus the clinical cause of death was essentially determined by basic emergency diagnostics. Conclusions Autopsy as golden standard to define the cause of death in fatal polytrauma varies from the clinical point of view, depending on the patient's pre-existing condition, mechanism of polytrauma, necessity of traumatic cardiopulmonary resuscitation, survival time, and thus the possibility to perform emergency diagnostics. An autopsy should be performed at least in cases of early fatal polytrauma to help establishing the definite cause of death. Moreover, autopsy data should be included in trauma registries as a quality assessment tool.
Arias Montoya, Laura Andrea
2014-01-01
El objetivo principal del presente estudio de caso es determinar el interés geopolítico que impulsa a Argelia a apoyar las intenciones de independencia de la República Árabe Saharawi Democrática (RASD). Como consecuencia del proceso de descolonización del Sahara Occidental que ha sido negado por las potencias colonizadoras que allí se encontraban y por Marruecos, país que reivindica su posesión del territorio; Argelia se ha apadrinado de la causa saharawi mediante la transferencia de armament...
Consecuencias psicosociales de la privación de la libertad en imputados inocentes
Elías Escaff Silva; María de la Paz Feliú Vergara; María Ignacia Estévez Merello; Camila A. Torrealba Henríquez
2013-01-01
El objetivo de este estudio fue describir las consecuencias psicosociales en sujetos privados de la libertad que resultaron inocentes. El marco teórico incluyó los conceptos de psicología jurídica, presunción de inocencia, verdad jurídica, privación de la libertad, efectos de la prisionización y estigmatización social. El instrumento empleado para la recolección de información fue una entrevista semiestructurada, que logró dar cuenta de los efectos psicológicos y sociales de la privación de l...
La acción educativa como acción narrativa
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Mauricio Hernando Bedoya Hernández
2009-11-01
Full Text Available El presente artículo es fruto de una revisión teórica. Ofrece una mirada al problema de la acción educativa de la pedagogía instrumental clásica. Según esta pedagogía, el docente o la docente es el transmisor de conocimientos, y el estudiante o la estudiante es el receptor. La des-responsabilización de docente y estudiante respecto del proceso de aprendizaje y moralización de la acción educativa son dos consecuencias de esta visión. Se concluye que la concepción del ser humano como sujeto narrativo permite una solución a tal problemática. Se propone una pedagogía del nosotros fundamentada narrativamente, que haga posible construir una identidad de estudiante y maestro o maestra diferente respecto de la pedagogía instrumental. El “¿quién soy?” viabiliza la construcción de una identidad, promoviendo una ética heteronómica basada en la alteridad propia de la identidad narrativa.
Eficiencia del plan de marketing como técnica de aprendizaje cooperativo
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Teresa Vallet-Bellmunt
2016-01-01
Full Text Available Es innegable la importancia que el trabajo en equipo tiene como capacidad transversal en los nuevos planes de estudio universitarios. Por ello, es importante conocer qué es el aprendizaje cooperativo y su eficiencia sobre los equipos de estudiantes que lo utilizan. El objetivo de este artículo consiste en operacionalizar el concepto de aprendizaje cooperativo y estudiar sus consecuencias sobre el aprendizaje individual de los miembros de un equipo y el rendimiento global obtenido por el mismo. Se utilizan los modelos de ecuaciones estructurales sobre una muestra de 319 alumnos en una asignatura de marketing en una universidad pública española. Los resultados obtenidos señalan que el aprendizaje cooperativo mejora el aprendizaje de la asignatura en la que se aplica y el rendimiento del equipo, por lo que abogamos por que se favorezca su uso en las aulas y proponemos nuevas líneas de investigación para completar nuestro conocimiento sobre el aprendizaje cooperativo.
Dehydration Comes on Fast and Can Be Fatal
... can be fatal Dehydration comes on fast and can be fatal During the hot summer months,the ... and keeping hydrated. “Dehydration is very dangerous. It can lead to an emergency visit, and it can ...
Alcohol Advertising and Motor Vehicle Fatalities
Henry Saffer
1994-01-01
The purpose of this paper is to empirically estimate the effect of alcohol advertising on motor vehicle fatalities. The concept of an industry level advertising response function is developed and other empirical issues in estimating the effects of advertising are reviewed. The data set consists of quarterly observations, from 1986 to 1989, for 75 advertising markets in the United States and includes 1200 observations. Since motor vehicle fatalities and alcohol advertising are jointly determin...
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Pecqueur, Michel
1980-01-01
By saying 'No to fatalism', M. Pecqueur is forming the wish that the recent awarness of the energy situation, far from bringing about resignation, speeds up the implementation of the indispensable measures on which the economic and political stability of the world depends in the decade ahead [fr
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Josep Rubio-Palau
2012-03-01
Full Text Available Las sinusitis odontógenas son una patología relativamente frecuente causada por infecciones dentales, quistes periapicales así como tras procedimientos bucodentales como una endodoncia, una elevación sinusal o la colocación de un implante. A continuación se presenta un caso extremo de una pansinusitis derecha con fistulización a espacio epidural causada por un implante osteointegrado. Ante la sospecha de una sinusitis maxilar de origen odontogénico se debe iniciar rápidamente un tratamiento antibiótico correcto y un seguimiento estrecho ya que pueden tener consecuencias fatales como la pérdida de un ojo, abscesos cerebrales o incluso la muerte.Odontogenic sinusitis is a relatively common disease caused by dental infections, periapical cysts and oral procedures such as root canal, sinus lift or implant placement. We report an extreme case of a right pansinusitis with an epidural space fistula caused by osseointegrated implants. When maxillary sinusitis of odontogenic origin is suspected, we should quickly start effective antibiotic treatment and monitor the patient closely because odontogenic sinusitis can have serious consequences, such as the loss of an eye, brain abscess or death.
Fatal falls in the US construction industry, 1990 to 1999.
Derr, J; Forst, L; Chen, H Y; Conroy, L
2001-10-01
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration's (OSHA's) Integrated Management Information System (IMIS) database allows for the detailed analysis of risk factors surrounding fatal occupational events. This study used IMIS data to (1) perform a risk factor analysis of fatal construction falls, and (2) assess the impact of the February 1995 29 CFR Part 1926 Subpart M OSHA fall protection regulations for construction by calculating trends in fatal fall rates. In addition, IMIS data on fatal construction falls were compared with data from other occupational fatality surveillance systems. For falls in construction, the study identified several demographic factors that may indicate increased risk. A statistically significant downward trend in fatal falls was evident in all construction and within several construction categories during the decade. Although the study failed to show a statistically significant intervention effect from the new OSHA regulations, it may have lacked the power to do so.
Cannabis, alcohol and fatal road accidents.
Martin, Jean-Louis; Gadegbeku, Blandine; Wu, Dan; Viallon, Vivian; Laumon, Bernard
2017-01-01
This research aims to estimate the relative risks of responsibility for a fatal accident linked to driving under the influence of cannabis or alcohol, the prevalence of these influences among drivers and the corresponding attributable risk ratios. A secondary goal is to estimate the same items for three other groups of illicit drugs (amphetamines, cocaine and opiates), and to compare the results to a similar study carried out in France between 2001 and 2003. Police procedures for fatal accidents in Metropolitan France during 2011 were analyzed and 300 characteristics encoded to provide a database of 4,059 drivers. Information on alcohol and four groups of illicit drugs derived from tests for positivity and potential confirmation through blood analysis. The study compares drivers responsible for causing the accident, that is to say having directly contributed to its occurrence, to drivers involved in an accident for which they were not responsible, and who can be assimilated to drivers in general. The proportion of persons driving under the influence of alcohol is estimated at 2.1% (95% CI: 1.4-2.8) and under the influence of cannabis at 3.4% (2.9%-3.9%). Drivers under the influence of alcohol are 17.8 times (12.1-26.1) more likely to be responsible for a fatal accident, and the proportion of fatal accidents which would be prevented if no drivers ever exceeded the legal limit for alcohol is estimated at 27.7% (26.0%-29.4%). Drivers under the influence of cannabis multiply their risk of being responsible for causing a fatal accident by 1.65 (1.16-2.34), and the proportion of fatal accidents which would be prevented if no drivers ever drove under the influence of cannabis is estimated at 4.2% (3.7%-4.8%). An increased risk linked to opiate use has also been found to be significant, but with low prevalence, requiring caution in interpreting this finding. Other groups of narcotics have even lower prevalence, and the associated extra risks cannot be assessed. Almost a
Cannabis, alcohol and fatal road accidents.
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Jean-Louis Martin
Full Text Available This research aims to estimate the relative risks of responsibility for a fatal accident linked to driving under the influence of cannabis or alcohol, the prevalence of these influences among drivers and the corresponding attributable risk ratios. A secondary goal is to estimate the same items for three other groups of illicit drugs (amphetamines, cocaine and opiates, and to compare the results to a similar study carried out in France between 2001 and 2003.Police procedures for fatal accidents in Metropolitan France during 2011 were analyzed and 300 characteristics encoded to provide a database of 4,059 drivers. Information on alcohol and four groups of illicit drugs derived from tests for positivity and potential confirmation through blood analysis. The study compares drivers responsible for causing the accident, that is to say having directly contributed to its occurrence, to drivers involved in an accident for which they were not responsible, and who can be assimilated to drivers in general.The proportion of persons driving under the influence of alcohol is estimated at 2.1% (95% CI: 1.4-2.8 and under the influence of cannabis at 3.4% (2.9%-3.9%. Drivers under the influence of alcohol are 17.8 times (12.1-26.1 more likely to be responsible for a fatal accident, and the proportion of fatal accidents which would be prevented if no drivers ever exceeded the legal limit for alcohol is estimated at 27.7% (26.0%-29.4%. Drivers under the influence of cannabis multiply their risk of being responsible for causing a fatal accident by 1.65 (1.16-2.34, and the proportion of fatal accidents which would be prevented if no drivers ever drove under the influence of cannabis is estimated at 4.2% (3.7%-4.8%. An increased risk linked to opiate use has also been found to be significant, but with low prevalence, requiring caution in interpreting this finding. Other groups of narcotics have even lower prevalence, and the associated extra risks cannot be assessed
Aviation-Related Wildland Firefighter Fatalities--United States, 2000-2013.
Butler, Corey R; O'Connor, Mary B; Lincoln, Jennifer M
2015-07-31
Airplanes and helicopters are integral to the management and suppression of wildfires, often operating in high-risk, low-altitude environments. To update data on aviation-related wildland firefighting fatalities, identify risk factors, and make recommendations for improved safety, CDC's National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) analyzed reports from multiple data sources for the period 2000-2013. Among 298 wildland firefighter fatalities identified during 2000-2013, 78 (26.2%) were aviation-related occupational fatalities that occurred during 41 separate events involving 42 aircraft. Aircraft crashes accounted for 38 events. Pilots, copilots, and flight engineers represented 53 (68%) of the aviation-related fatalities. The leading causes of fatal aircraft crashes were engine, structure, or component failure (24%); pilot loss of control (24%); failure to maintain clearance from terrain, water, or objects (20%); and hazardous weather (15%). To reduce fatalities from aviation-related wildland firefighting activities, stringent safety guidelines need to be followed during all phases of firefighting, including training exercises. Crew resource management techniques, which use all available resources, information, equipment, and personnel to achieve safe and efficient flight operations, can be applied to firefighting operations.
Fatal Child Maltreatment in England, 2005-2009
Sidebotham, Peter; Bailey, Sue; Belderson, Pippa; Brandon, Marian
2011-01-01
Objective: This paper presents comprehensive and up-to-date data covering 4 years of Serious Case Reviews into fatal child maltreatment in England. Methods: Information on all notified cases of fatal maltreatment between April 2005 and March 2009 was examined to obtain case characteristics related to a systemic classification of 5 broad groups of…
La empresa como comunidad moral: modelo para armar
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Leticia Naranjo Galvez
2002-06-01
Full Text Available Este ensayo presenta una propuesta para considerar la empresa como una comunidad moral. Esto es, como un espacio de interacciones personales dentro del cual no sólo se juega el impacto de la organización en su entorno socioeconómico amplio, sino también la calidad ética de la vida cotidiana de las personas dentro de la empresa. En la primera parte se establecen algunas de las condiciones con las cuales tendría que cumplir una comunidad para que fuera un modelo plausible de comunidad moral empresarial. Para ello, se identifican, en primer lugar, algunas características definitorias de una organización específicamente empresarial y, en segundo lugar, de una comunidad moral en general. Estas últimas se apoyan fundamentalmente en las nociones que Charles Taylor y Ernst Tugendhat tienen, respectivamente, de agencia moral y de comunidad moral. En la segunda parte, se elabora una ficción sobre los posibles modos en que se daría la conformación de una comunidad moral, y sobre lo que esto implica en términos de distintas formas de convivencia. En la tercera sección, se muestran algunas consecuencias que se seguirían del análisis de la anterior ficción, en cuanto a los elementos éticos que configurarían la vida cotidiana de una comunidad empresarial. Con esto se espera, finalmente, llamar la atención sobre la importancia que tendrían estos elementos, a la hora de aproximarse al asunto de la ética empresarial asumiendo la perspectiva de la vida comunitaria en las organizaciones.
Effects of urban sprawl and vehicle miles traveled on traffic fatalities.
Yeo, Jiho; Park, Sungjin; Jang, Kitae
2015-01-01
Previous research suggests that urban sprawl increases auto-dependency and that excessive auto use increases the risk of traffic fatalities. This indirect effect of urban sprawl on traffic fatalities is compared to non-vehicle miles traveled (VMT)-related direct effect of sprawl on fatalities. We conducted a path analysis to examine the causal linkages among urban sprawl, VMT, traffic fatalities, income, and fuel cost. The path diagram includes 2 major linkages: the direct relationship between urban sprawl and traffic fatalities and the indirect effect on fatalities through increased VMT in sprawling urban areas. To measure the relative strength of these causal linkages, path coefficients are estimated using data collected nationally from 147 urbanized areas in the United States. Through both direct and indirect paths, urban sprawl is associated with greater numbers of traffic fatalities, but the direct effect of sprawl on fatalities is more influential than the indirect effect. Enhancing traffic safety can be achieved by impeding urban sprawl and encouraging compact development. On the other hand, policy tools reducing VMT may be less effective than anticipated for traffic safety.
Insomnia symptoms and risk for unintentional fatal injuries--the HUNT Study.
Laugsand, Lars Erik; Strand, Linn B; Vatten, Lars J; Janszky, Imre; Bjørngaard, Johan Håkon
2014-11-01
To assess the association between insomnia symptoms and risk of fatal unintentional injuries. Population-based prospective cohort study with a mean follow-up of 14 y, linking health survey data with information on insomnia symptoms to the National Cause of Death Registry. Nord-Trøndelag County, Norway. A total of 54,399 men and women 20-89 y of age who participated in the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study between 1995 and 1997. N/A. There were 277 unintentional fatal injuries, including 57 fatal motor vehicle injuries during follow-up. There was a dose-dependent association between the number of insomnia symptoms and risk of unintentional fatal injuries (P for trend 0.001) and fatal motor vehicle injuries (P for trend 0.023), respectively. The proportion of unintentional fatal injuries cases that could have been prevented in the absence of difficulties initiating sleep, difficulties maintaining sleep, and having a feeling of nonrestorative sleep were 8%, 9%, and 8%, respectively. The corresponding estimates for motor vehicle injuries were 34%, 11%, and 10%. Insomnia is a major contributor to both unintentional fatal injuries in general as well as fatal motor vehicle injuries. Increasing public health awareness about insomnia and identifying persons with insomnia may be important in preventing unintentional fatal injuries.
Crash Fatality Rates After Recreational Marijuana Legalization in Washington and Colorado.
Aydelotte, Jayson D; Brown, Lawrence H; Luftman, Kevin M; Mardock, Alexandra L; Teixeira, Pedro G R; Coopwood, Ben; Brown, Carlos V R
2017-08-01
To evaluate motor vehicle crash fatality rates in the first 2 states with recreational marijuana legalization and compare them with motor vehicle crash fatality rates in similar states without recreational marijuana legalization. We used the US Fatality Analysis Reporting System to determine the annual numbers of motor vehicle crash fatalities between 2009 and 2015 in Washington, Colorado, and 8 control states. We compared year-over-year changes in motor vehicle crash fatality rates (per billion vehicle miles traveled) before and after recreational marijuana legalization with a difference-in-differences approach that controlled for underlying time trends and state-specific population, economic, and traffic characteristics. Pre-recreational marijuana legalization annual changes in motor vehicle crash fatality rates for Washington and Colorado were similar to those for the control states. Post-recreational marijuana legalization changes in motor vehicle crash fatality rates for Washington and Colorado also did not significantly differ from those for the control states (adjusted difference-in-differences coefficient = +0.2 fatalities/billion vehicle miles traveled; 95% confidence interval = -0.4, +0.9). Three years after recreational marijuana legalization, changes in motor vehicle crash fatality rates for Washington and Colorado were not statistically different from those in similar states without recreational marijuana legalization. Future studies over a longer time remain warranted.
Firearm Legislation and Fatal Police Shootings in the United States.
Kivisto, Aaron J; Ray, Bradley; Phalen, Peter L
2017-07-01
To examine whether stricter firearm legislation is associated with rates of fatal police shootings. We used a cross-sectional, state-level design to evaluate the effect of state-level firearm legislation on rates of fatal police shootings from January 1, 2015, through October 31, 2016. We measured state-level variation in firearm laws with legislative scorecards from the Brady Center, and for fatal police shootings we used The Counted, an online database maintained by The Guardian. State-level firearm legislation was significantly associated with lower rates of fatal police shootings (incidence rate ratio = 0.961; 95% confidence interval = 0.939, 0.984). When we controlled for sociodemographic factors, states in the top quartile of legislative strength had a 51% lower incidence rate than did states in the lowest quartile. Laws aimed at strengthening background checks, promoting safe storage, and reducing gun trafficking were associated with fewer fatal police shootings. Legislative restrictions on firearms are associated with reductions in fatal police shootings. Public Health Implications. Although further research is necessary to determine causality and potential mechanisms, firearm legislation is a potential policy solution for reducing fatal police shootings in the United States.
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Daniel Feierstein
2016-01-01
Full Text Available El art culo analiza las distintas interpretaciones de la Convenci n para la Prevenci n y la Sanci n del Delito de Genocidio y sus impactos en la construcci n de la memoria colectiva de las sociedades que han vivido esta experiencia hist rica de terror masivo estatal. Centrando el eje de an lisis en el grupo sobre el que se considera que se ejerci la violencia ?y la novedad que implica pensarlo como el conjunto del grupo nacional sobre el que se implement el terror?, se compara la jurisprudencia internacional con la producida por sistemas jur dicos nacionales ?en especial en Argentina, pero con repercusi n en Bangladesh, Camboya y Colombia?, con el n de comprender sus consecuencias en la construcci n de las identidades de las sociedades posgenocidas.
Las consecuencias de la fobia en el lazo social
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Isabelle Morin
2015-05-01
Full Text Available Para el psicoanálisis, el lazo socialno agrega a los humanos, sino queliga a los parlêtres entre sí, convistas a renovar lo viviente y hacerobra civilizatoria. Lo virtual en lasrelaciones humanas da fe de queel mundo contemporáneo se hallamarcado por el evitamiento fóbico.Facebook es un testimonio de ello:instaura un “agregado de agregado”de individuos que creen reconocerseporque comparten los mismosgustos y valores, protegiéndosedel Otro encarnado. Un psicoanálisiscompromete al sujeto en laseparación del Otro y le permitemodificar su lazo con los otros. Lafobia, núcleo de la neurosis, nosenseña que la separación y el lazoson consecuencia del efecto de laactividad lenguajera. Desactivadala fobia, el analizante podrá saltarmás allá del límite fijado por el objetofobígeno, y aquella se convertiráen oportunidad para el lazo social,cuando el sujeto salga de ella paraavanzar en la vida con los otros.
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Lenna Barrantes Elizondo
2014-11-01
Full Text Available This article examines the effects of a mixed-proficiency language class on the participation, progress, retention and classroom management with students enrolled in the Associate Program in English at Universidad Nacional (Brunca Campus. The social and economic consequences that this phenomenon may have on the university and the community are also analyzed. Data were collected using focus groups, interviews, questionnaires, structured observations and artifacts. Se examinan los efectos de reunir estudiantes con varios niveles lingüísticos en una sola clase de inglés como lengua extranjera y sus efectos en la participación, progreso, retención y el desarrollo de la clase en el Diplomado en Inglés de la Universidad Nacional, Sede Regional Brunca. Se analizan las consecuencias sociales y económicas en la institución y en la comunidad. La información se recolectó de grupos focales, entrevistas, cuestionarios, observaciones estructuradas y artefactos.
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Mabel López García
2009-12-01
Full Text Available En este trabajo nos acercamos a la evolución del sector audiovisual en España, tomando como línea de desarrollo la regulación jurídica de Internet. Se analiza en qué supuestos Internet actúa como medio de comunicación audiovisual atendiendo a los diferentes ámbitos que intervienen: telecomunicaciones, servicios de la sociedad de la información y comunicación audiovisual. Para posteriormente atender al régimen jurídico que lo ha presidido hasta la aprobación de la reciente LGCA. Terminamos el trabajo atendiendo a las consecuencias que la LGCA ha tenido y a como el estatuto de Internet ha sido anticipo y esquema del régimen general resultante. This work explains the evolution of the audiovisual sector in Spain and how Internet has influenced in it. Specifically this work analyse if Internet is broadcast media, which is its legal system and how has been included in the Audiovisual Communication General Law.
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Patricia M. Arenas
2011-07-01
Full Text Available En el presente trabajo se presentan los resultados de un estudio sobre tres especies de las cuales se comercializan productos considerados adaptógenos: Lepidium meyenii Walp. (Brassicaceae, "maca", Morinda citrifolia L. (Rubiaceae, "noni", y Petiveria alliacea L. (Phytolaccaceae, "pipi". Los datos provienen de estudios en Etnobotánica urbana realizados en la conurbación Buenos Aires-La Plata, se presentan los usos tradicionales de las especies, sus vías de ingreso, comercialización y difusión como suplementos dietéticos en el contexto pluricultural urbano, los modos actuales de empleo y los saberes relacionados, que forman parte del conocimiento botánico local. De este modo, se evalúan las modificaciones en los usos originalmente asignados, como consecuencia de la expansión de los productos en el marco de la globalización, y los cambios consecuentes en los patrones tradicionales de saberes, creencias y prácticas referidos a estos recursos vegetales
Investigation of hot air balloon fatalities.
McConnell, T S; Smialek, J E; Capron, R G
1985-04-01
The rising popularity of the sport of hot air ballooning has been accompanied by several recent incidents, both in this country and other parts of the world, where mechanical defects and the improper operation of balloons have resulted in several fatalities. A study was conducted to identify the location and frequency of hot air ballooning accidents. Furthermore, the study attempted to identify those accidents that were the result of improper handling on the part of the balloon operators and those that were related to specific defects in the construction of the balloon. This paper presents a background of the sport of hot air ballooning, together with an analysis of the construction of a typical hot air balloon, pointing out the specific areas where defects may occur that could result in a potential fatal balloon crash. Specific attention is given to the two recent balloon crashes that occurred in Albuquerque, N.M., hot air balloon capital of the world, and that resulted in multiple fatalities.
Company Company, Concepción
2001-01-01
Es un hecho bien sabido en la teoría de cambio lingüístico que los procesos de gramaticalización operan como un canal unidireccional que en general de manera dinámica, entre otras consecuencias, desgastan significados referenciales, más concretos, y crean o recrean significados más abstractos y más gramaticales, los cuales suelen convivir durante siglos al lado de los originarios significados etimológicos referenciales. Lo que no es muy común es encontrar cambios dentro de una misma lengua qu...
Lozano Bernal, Yudi M.
2014-01-01
En esta tesis doctoral pretendemos aclarar aspectos fundamentales relacionados con la interacción entre plantas y microorganismos del suelo y sus consecuencias para la dinámica de las comunidades vegetales. Pretendemos comprobar si las comunidades microbianas están determinando interacciones negativas y/o positivas entre plantas; si tras el abandono de tierras dedicadas al cultivo, las plantas y los microorganismos del suelo siguen patrones sucesionales, y si los microorganismo...
Alhambra Borrás, Tamara
2017-01-01
El envejecimiento poblacional es uno de los cambios demográficos más significativos acaecidos en las últimas décadas a nivel mundial. En consecuencia, las sociedades modernas se enfrentan al reto de hacer frente al envejecimiento desde una nueva perspectiva. El paradigma del envejecimiento activo y saludable se ha consolidado en las últimas décadas como la respuesta a este reto. Atendiendo a este paradigma, la vejez se entiende como una nueva etapa para seguir desarrollando nuestro potencial ...
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Luz Adriana Rengifo Gallego
2010-10-01
Full Text Available Este artículo retoma algunos aspectos relevantes del trabajo de investigación titulado “Elementos epistemológicos de la biología como referentes para su enseñanza” realizado en el marco de la Maestría en Educación de la Universidad del Valle. En este trabajo de investigación, a partir de los planteamientos epistemológicos de Toulmin, se construye una propuesta epistemológica que permite analizar la biología según las posturas de Mayr, Jacob, Piaget y Coleman. Como consecuencia de dicho análisis, se proponen principios que orientan la selección de contenidos de la biología para un curso electivo profesional, en la formación inicial de docentes en el programa de Educación Básica énfasis Ciencias Naturales, de dicha Universidad.
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Víctor René Navarro Machado
2011-03-01
Full Text Available Millones de personas mueren prematuramente cada año como consecuencia de un paro cardiorrespiratorio súbito, frecuentemente asociado a la enfermedad de las arterias coronarias, especialmente al infarto del miocardio, estudios internacionales citan una incidencia en el adulto entre 61-96 por cada 100 000 habitantes. La tendencia mundial (y también para Cuba se dirige a un aumento de: la mortalidad por enfermedades cardiovasculares, envejecimiento de la población y de la prevalencia de factores de riesgo para la mayoría de las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles; por tanto, esto llevará implícito un aumento en la incidencia de paradas cardiorrespiratorias en nuestro medio y se afianzará como un problema de salud. El trabajo describe un grupo de acciones realizadas en el hospital, con el objetivo de reducir la letalidad de este muchas veces final y común evento de muchas de las enfermedades crónicas que afectan la salud de los cubanos.
Fatal occupational injuries among non-governmental employees in Malaysia.
Abas, Adinegara Bin Lutfi; Mohd Said, Datuk Abd Razzak B; Aziz Mohammed, Mohammed Azman B; Sathiakumar, Nalini
2013-01-01
In Malaysia, surveillance of fatal occupational injuries is fragmented. We therefore analyzed an alternative data source from Malaysia's Social Security organization, the Pertubuhan Keselamatan Sosial (PERKESO). We conducted a secondary data analysis of the PERKESO database comprised of 7 million employees from 2002 to 2006. Overall, the average annual incidence was 9.2 fatal occupational injuries per 100,000 workers. During the 5-year period, there was a decrease in the absolute number of fatal injuries by 16% and the incidence by 34%. The transportation sector reported the highest incidence of fatal injuries (35.1/100,000), followed by agriculture (30.5/100,000) and construction (19.3/100,000) sectors. Persons of Indian ethnicity were more likely to sustain fatal injuries compared to other ethnic groups. Government and industry should develop rigorous strategies to detect hazards in the workplace, especially in sectors that continuously record high injury rates. Targeted interventions emphasizing worker empowerment coupled with systematic monitoring and evaluation is critical to ensure success in prevention and control measures. Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fatal Occupational Injuries among Non-governmental Employees in Malaysia
Abas, Adinegara bin Lutfi; Mohd Said, Datuk Abd. Razzak B.; Aziz Mohammed, Mohammed Azman B.; Sathiakumar, Nalini
2012-01-01
Background In Malaysia, surveillance of fatal occupational injuries is fragmented. We therefore analyzed an alternative data source from Malaysia’s Social Security organization, the PERKESO. Methods We conducted a secondary data analysis of the PERKESO database comprised of 7 million employees from 2002 to 2006. Results Overall, the average annual incidence was 9.2 fatal occupational injuries per 100,000 workers. During the five-year period, there was a decrease in the absolute number of fatal injuries by 16% and the incidence by 34%. The transportation sector reported the highest incidence of fatal injuries (35.1/100,000), followed by agriculture (30.5/100,000) and construction (19.3/100,000) sectors. Persons of Indian ethnicity were more likely to sustain fatal injuries compared to other ethnic groups. Conclusions Government and industry should develop rigorous strategies to detect hazards in the workplace, especially in sectors that continuously record high injury rates. Targeted interventions emphasizing worker empowerment coupled with systematic monitoring and evaluation is critical to ensure success in prevention and control measures. PMID:22544443
Community Poverty and Child Abuse Fatalities in the United States.
Farrell, Caitlin A; Fleegler, Eric W; Monuteaux, Michael C; Wilson, Celeste R; Christian, Cindy W; Lee, Lois K
2017-05-01
Child maltreatment remains a problem in the United States, and individual poverty is a recognized risk factor for abuse. Children in impoverished communities are at risk for negative health outcomes, but the relationship of community poverty to child abuse fatalities is not known. Our objective was to evaluate the association between county poverty concentration and rates of fatal child abuse. This was a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of child abuse fatalities in US children 0 to 4 years of age from 1999 to 2014 by using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Compressed Mortality Files. Population and poverty statistics were obtained from US Census data. National child abuse fatality rates were calculated for each category of community poverty concentration. Multivariate negative binomial regression modeling assessed the relationship between county poverty concentration and child abuse fatalities. From 1999 to 2014, 11 149 children 0 to 4 years old died of child abuse; 45% (5053) were poverty concentration had >3 times the rate of child abuse fatalities compared with counties with the lowest poverty concentration (adjusted incidence rate ratio, 3.03; 95% confidence interval, 2.4-3.79). Higher county poverty concentration is associated with increased rates of child abuse fatalities. This finding should inform public health officials in targeting high-risk areas for interventions and resources. Copyright © 2017 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.
Um modelo de enfermagem como sistema complexo adaptativo
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Mariana Vieira
2009-01-01
Full Text Available El surgimiento y el uso de los sistemas complejos adaptativos suplieron la necesidad de contar con una nueva alternativa, recurriendo a los paradigmas existentes. En cuanto al sistema de salud y de enfermería, ambos pueden verse como sistemas complejos adaptativos al aplicar un modelo visual que debe ser explorado para potenciar la complejidad de la ciencia de enfermería y de cuidados de salud. Desde esta perspectiva, el/la enfermero/a es un sistema complejo adaptativo, dinámico que interactúa, pero también es agente de un sistema complejo adaptativo en una unidad de enfermería, que a la vez es un sistema complejo adaptativo en una organización de la salud. Hoy en día la/el profesional de enfermería busca actualizarse y cualificarse en diversas especialidades, que van desde enfermería neonatal hasta cuidados geriátricos, para ejecutar sus actividades y visualizar su ambiente laboral desde la perspectiva de un sistema complejo. En consecuencia, la organización del sistema de cuidados permite, mediante los sistemas complejos, apoyarse en el saber compartido de los diversos profesionales y en el trabajo en equipo para disfrutar la complicidad de la cadena cliente-usuario-profesionales.
The New Zealand child work-related fatal injury study: 1985-1998.
Lilley, Rebbecca; Feyer, Anne-Marie; Langley, John; Wren, John
2004-05-21
To estimate the numbers and rates of work-related fatal injury for children under the age of 15 years. Potential cases of work-related injury deaths of persons aged workplace work-related fatalities were identified. The vast majority of children identified were fatally injured while a bystander to another person's work. Workplace bystander involvement was found to vary by age, with the majority of workers identified aged 10-14 years old. With a third of all fatalities, the agricultural industry was the most common industry for workplace work-related fatalities in children. In the period 1985-94, children New Zealand's total workplace bystander deaths. Children contribute significantly to the overall burden of work-related fatal injury in New Zealand, especially as bystanders to other people's work. The high contribution to bystander deaths by children aged <15 years suggests that hazard control in certain work settings is lacking.
Case-Based Teaching of Fatal Incidents in Outdoor Education Teacher Preparation Courses
North, Chris; Brookes, Andrew
2017-01-01
This article examines the use of case-based approaches to fatal incidents in outdoor education (OE) with a view to fatality prevention. Fatalities are rare in OE and therefore it is nearly impossible for teachers to learn how to avoid fatalities from their own past experiences. It is, however, possible to learn from the mistakes of others through…
Can we reduce workplace fatalities by half?
Koh, David Soo Quee
2012-06-01
Singapore, an island republic of over 5 million inhabitants, has 3.1 million workers. Most are employed in the service, finance and tourist/transport industry. Significant numbers work in manufacturing, construction and heavy industry. Following a series of construction and shipyard accidents with multiple deaths in 2004, the government announced its intention to reduce workplace fatalities from 4.9 to 2.5 per 100,000 by 2015. There was strong political will to achieve this target. The strategic approaches were to build workplace safety and health (WSH) capabilities; implement legislative changes with enforcement; promote benefits of WSH and recognize best practices, and enhance partnership with stakeholders. The anticipated outcomes were to reduce workplace fatality and injury rates; have WSH as an integral part of business; and establish a progressive and pervasive WSH culture. With these measures, the workplace fatality rate declined from 4.9/100,000 in 2004, to 2.2/100,000 in 2010. However, other confounding factors could also account for this decline, and have to be considered. The next target, announced by Singapore's Prime Minister in 2008, is to further reduce the workplace fatality rate to 1.8/100,000 by 2018, and to have "one of the best workplace safety records in the world".
Fatal accidents analysis in Peruvian mining industry
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Candia, R. C.; Hennies, W. T.; Azevedo, R. c.; Almeida, I.G.; Soto, J. F.
2010-01-01
Although reductions in the tax of injuries and accidents have been observed in recent years, Mining is still one of the highest risks industries. The basic causes for occurrence of fatalities can be attributed to unsafe conditions and unsafe acts. In this scene is necessary to identify safety problems and to aim the effective solutions. On the other hand, the developing countries dependence on primary industries as mining is evident. In the Peruvian economy, approximately 16% of the GNP and more than 50% of the exportations are due to the mining sector, detaching its competitive position in the worldwide mining. This paper presents fatal accidents analysis in the Peruvian mining industry, having as basis the register of occurred fatal accidents since year 2000 until 2007, identifying the main types of accidents occurred. The source of primary information is the General Mining Direction (DGM) of the Peruvian Mining and Energy Ministry (MEM). The majority of victims belongs to tertiary contractor companies that render services for mine companies. The results of the analysis show also that the majority of accidents happened in the underground mines, and that it is necessary to propose effective solutions to manage risks, aiming at reducing the fatal accidents taxes. (Author)
Can We Reduce Workplace Fatalities by Half?
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David Soo Quee Koh
2012-06-01
Full Text Available Singapore, an island republic of over 5 million inhabitants, has 3.1 million workers. Most are employed in the service, finance and tourist/transport industry. Significant numbers work in manufacturing, construction and heavy industry. Following a series of construction and shipyard accidents with multiple deaths in 2004, the government announced its intention to reduce workplace fatalities from 4.9 to 2.5 per 100,000 by 2015. There was strong political will to achieve this target. The strategic approaches were to build workplace safety and health (WSH capabilities; implement legislative changes with enforcement; promote benefits of WSH and recognize best practices, and enhance partnership with stakeholders. The anticipated outcomes were to reduce workplace fatality and injury rates; have WSH as an integral part of business; and establish a progressive and pervasive WSH culture. With these measures, the workplace fatality rate declined from 4.9/100,000 in 2004, to 2.2/100,000 in 2010. However, other confounding factors could also account for this decline, and have to be considered. The next target, announced by Singapore’s Prime Minister in 2008, is to further reduce the workplace fatality rate to 1.8/100,000 by 2018, and to have “one of the best workplace safety records in the world”.
Occupational fatalities due to electrocutions in the construction industry.
Janicak, Christopher A
2008-01-01
Occupational fatalities due to contact with electricity account for approximately 9% of all deaths in the construction industry and is the fourth leading cause of death in this industry. Differences in the proportions of electrocutions in the construction industry are significantly different from other industries based upon the age of the worker and the source of the electricity. This study found that, in the construction industry, the proportion of occupational fatalities due to contact with electric current is significantly higher for workers in the 16 to 19 years old age group. Contact with overhead power lines occurred more frequently with younger workers, while contact with electric wiring, transformers, and related equipment was found to occur more frequently with older workers. The proportion of fatalities due to this event was also found to account for a significantly greater proportion of fatalities in the construction industry overall. The proportions of electrocution fatalities in the construction industry were found to be significantly higher for younger workers when compared to all other industries. Focusing prevention measures toward younger workers who work near overhead power lines could have a significant impact upon death rates. For older workers, the focus should be on those who work on or near transformers, electrical wiring, and components. Across the construction industry, implementation of effective lockout-tagout programs, and verification of energy isolation, can prevent approximately 125 fatalities per year in the construction industry.
Uber and Metropolitan Traffic Fatalities in the United States.
Brazil, Noli; Kirk, David S
2016-08-01
Uber and similar rideshare services are rapidly dispersing in cities across the United States and beyond. Given the convenience and low cost, Uber has been characterized as a potential countermeasure for reducing the estimated 121 million episodes of drunk driving and the 10,000 resulting traffic fatalities that occur annually in the United States. We exploited differences in the timing of the deployment of Uber in US metropolitan counties from 2005 to 2014 to test the association between the availability of Uber's rideshare services and total, drunk driving-related, and weekend- and holiday-specific traffic fatalities in the 100 most populated metropolitan areas in the United States using negative binomial and Poisson regression models. We found that the deployment of Uber services in a given metropolitan county had no association with the number of subsequent traffic fatalities, whether measured in aggregate or specific to drunk-driving fatalities or fatalities during weekends and holidays. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
La flexibilidad laboral: significados y consecuencias Labour Flexibility: Meanings and Consequences
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Juan Ignacio Martínez Pastor
2011-09-01
Full Text Available
Los objetivos del articulo son 1 analizar las consecuencias de la flexibilidad laboral en el curso vital de los individuos, 2 asi como saber si la flexibilidad ha socavado o reforzado la importancia de las clases sociales, de la educacion y del genero en distintos aspectos concernientes al curso vital, sobre todo relacionados con el empleo en Espana. La peculiaridad espanola con respecto a la flexibilidad radica en la alta proporcion de contratos temporales. La mayor diferencia entre estos contratos y los indefinidos es su menor coste de despido. La manera en la que el Estado del Bienestar ha introducido la flexibilidad ha logrado un equilibrio de riesgos entre generaciones, por lo que no puede decirse que haya unos claros ganadores o perdedores. Los datos indican que los efectos de la flexibilizacion sobre el curso vital de los individuos son mucho mas modestos de lo que las hipotesis preven. Asimismo, la flexibilización no ha mermado la importancia de las clases sociales ni de los niveles de estudio para explicar la posición de los individuos en el mercado laboral, aunque tampoco hay una clara evidencia de que las brechas entre los individuos de distintas clases ocupaciones o con distintos niveles de estudio hayan aumentado en Espana.
The objectives of the paper are 1 to analyse the effects of labour flexibility on individuals from a lifecourse perspective and 2 to know whether flexibility has undermined or reinforced the effects of social classes, education and gender on several aspects concerning the life-course, above all those related to employment in Spain. The peculiarity of the Spanish case lies in the proportion of fixed-term contracts. The greatest difference between these contracts and permanent contracts is not the job to be done, or even its temporary or permanent nature, but rather the lower layoff cost. The way that the Welfare State has introduced flexibilisation has achieved a balance of risks between the generations
The incidence of multiple fatality accidents in the U.K
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Griffiths, R.F.; Fryer, L.S.
1978-03-01
The report presents a compilation of available data showing the frequency of occurrence of accidents resulting in multiple fatalities in the United Kingdom (or Great Britain, as the data permits). Frequency vs. number-of-fatalities graphs are plotted for the following five classes of fatalities:- persons killed in fires in the UK; crew members of UK registered ships; railway passengers in Great Britain; passengers of aircraft on the British register; occupants of Public Service Vehicles in Great Britain. The information needed to compile a more comprehensive set of graphs was found to be unobtainable. The report concludes with the suggestion that procedures for reporting and recording details of fatal accidents should be reviewed. (author)
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CARMEN INNERARITY
2005-01-01
Full Text Available La discusión sobre cuál es el modo más adecuado para lograr la integración de los inmigrantes se ha reavivado recientemente en Francia como consecuencia de las reivindicaciones de algunos grupos culturales en las escuelas. Si tradicionalmente Francia había adoptado un modelo de integración basado en la asimilación voluntaria junto al respeto a las prácticas culturales privadas, en los últimos años el debate se ha visto dominado progresivamente por quienes pretenden reafirmar la laicidad republicana como la forma más adecuada de lograr la convivencia dentro de la diversidad cultural y religiosa. En este artículo se expone la evolución del debate sobre los símbolos religiosos en las escuelas en Francia. Un debate que ha pasado desde la tolerancia inicial a su reciente prohibición por ley, a partir de las recomendaciones del Informe de la Comisión Stasi, pero basando siempre la argumentación en la laicidad de las instituciones.
Fatal interstitial lung disease associated with icotinib
Zhang, Jiexia; Zhan, Yangqing; Ouyang, Ming; Qin, Yinyin; Zhou, Chengzhi; Chen, Rongchang
2014-01-01
The most serious, and maybe fatal, yet rare, adverse reaction of gefitinib and erlotinib is drug-associated interstitial lung disease (ILD), which has been often described. However, it has been less well described for icotinib, a similar orally small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). The case of a 25-year-old female patient with stage IV lung adenocarcinoma who developed fatal ILD is reported here. She denied chemotherapy, and received palliative treatment with icotinib (125 mg po, th...
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Alicia Carlino
2012-11-01
Full Text Available La historia económica de la Argentina distingue dos etapas signadas por una importante integración a los mercados internacionales. La primera de ellas se relaciona con el modelo agroexportador que tuvo plena vigencia entre los años 1880 y 1930. La segunda es la que estamos atravesando actualmente, y que comenzó con fuerza luego de la crisis del año 2001-2002. Es la nueva fase de expansión de las exportaciones de los productos primarios, particularmente la soja, alentados por el incremento de la demanda china. Tanto la primera como la segunda, impactaron fuertemente sobre la economía provincial del Chaco. En el primer caso, impulsando la producción taninera, y en el segundo, desplazando actividades tradicionales como la textil algodonera. El presente trabajo pretende realizar una comparación de estas dos etapas, atendiendo al impacto de cada una de ellas sobre la economía chaqueña. Se utilizarán fuentes primarias y secundarias. Se buscarán complementar las dimensiones cuantificables y cualificables de la realidad analizada. Se seleccionarán variables e indicadores, pertinentes a la temática, que permitan el análisis comparado de las dos etapas mencionadas.
Al-Aamri, Amira K; Padmadas, Sabu S; Zhang, Li-Chun; Al-Maniri, Abdullah A
2017-01-01
Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are the leading cause of disability-adjusted life years lost in Oman, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates. Injury prevention strategies often overlook the interaction of individual and behavioural risk factors in assessing the severity of RTI outcomes. We conducted a systematic investigation of the underlying interactive effects of age and gender on the severity of fatal and non-fatal RTI outcomes in the Sultanate of Oman. We used the Royal Oman Police national database of road traffic crashes for the period 2010-2014. Our study was based on 35 785 registered incidents: of these, 10.2% fatal injuries, 6.2% serious, 27.3% moderate, 37.3% mild injuries and 19% only vehicle damage but no human injuries. We applied a generalised ordered logit regression to estimate the effect of age and gender on RTI severity, controlling for risk behaviours, personal characteristics, vehicle, road, traffic, environment conditions and geographical location. The most dominant group at risk of all types of RTIs was young male drivers. The probability of severe incapacitating injuries was the highest for drivers aged 25-29 (26.6%) years, whereas the probability of fatal injuries was the highest for those aged 20-24 (26.9%) years. Analysis of three-way interactions of age, gender and causes of crash show that overspeeding was the primary cause of different types of RTIs. In particular, the probability of fatal injuries among male drivers attributed to overspeeding ranged from 3%-6% for those aged 35 years and above to 13.4% and 17.7% for those aged 25-29 years and 20-24 years, respectively. The high burden of severe and fatal RTIs in Oman was primarily attributed to overspeed driving behaviour of young male drivers in the 20-29 years age range. Our findings highlight the critical need for designing early gender-sensitive road safety interventions targeting young male and female drivers.
Comunidades liquénicas como bioindicadores de calidad del aire del Valle de Aburrá
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Jaramillo Ciro1 Margarita María
2011-11-01
Full Text Available Los líquenes han sido propuestos como bioindicadores de la calidad del aire por su alta sensibilidad a los cambios que afectan su abundancia, biomasa y vitalidad. Para evaluar las afectaciones que los líquenes manifiestan como consecuencia de la contaminación atmosférica, se seleccionaron dos áreas de muestreo en los alrededores de dos estaciones de la red de monitoreo de calidad del aire RedAire: el edificio Miguel de Aguinaga con alta contaminación y la Universidad de Medellín con baja contaminación. El monitoreo se realizó sobre las cortezas de 4 especies arbóreas como forofitos: Terminalia catappa Linneaus, Eritrina fusca Loureiro, Mangifera indica Linneaus y Fraxinus chinensis Roxb. Para los análisis se consideraron las variables cobertura liquénica por especie, vitalidad y fructificación del talo. Finalmente los datos de cobertura fueron utilizados para determinar el índice de pureza atmosférica (IPA y el factor Q. Los resultados evidenciaron que de las 8 especies de líquenes encontradas, Canoparmelia sp. y Parmotrema austrosinensis (Zahlbr Hale. son las más sensibles y apropiadas para estudios de calidad del aire en el Valle de Aburrá. Los análisis estadísticos realizados a los valores de abundancia relativa por forofito mostraron que Fraxinus chinensis Roxb es la especie vegetal portante más apropiada para estudios de líquenes bioindicadores en el Valle de Aburrá.
Posicionamiento de Ecuador en la agenda de salud global como producto de la reforma sectorial
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Cristina Luna
2017-06-01
Full Text Available RESUMEN Objetivo Analizar las estrategias implementadas por el Ministerio de Salud Pública del Ecuador (MSP para posicionar al país en la agenda de salud global durante el periodo 2011-2015 como producto del proceso de reforma del sector salud. Método Revisión documental y entrevistas con actores clave de instancias nacionales e internacionales respecto al posicionamiento en el ámbito de la salud global durante el periodo estudiado. Resultados Se observa que el proceso de reforma generó un nuevo marco para la gestión de las relaciones internacionales en materia de salud. El MSP implementó estrategias y mecanismos para situar las prioridades e intereses nacionales en salud en la agenda de salud global a escala bilateral, regional y mundial. Como consecuencia de ello, el país asumió un papel de liderazgo en ciertos procesos y alcanzó el reconocimiento en diversos foros internacionales. Conclusiones El proceso de reforma del MSP contribuyó al reconocimiento y al establecimiento de las prioridades de política pública de Ecuador dentro de la agenda de salud global a través de estrategias tales como otorgar importancia a la proyección de las prioridades nacionales a nivel de la salud global, liderar el abordaje de la salud global ejercido por la Máxima Autoridad Sanitaria, desarrollar capacidades técnicas y destrezas en la Oficina de Relaciones internacionales, y lograr la concienciación en las instancias técnicas.
Factors associated with the severity of fatal accidents in construction workers.
Khodabandeh, Farideh; Kabir-Mokamelkhah, Elaheh; Kahani, Mahsa
2016-01-01
Background: Construction work (building houses, roads, workplaces, and repairing and maintaining infrastructures) is a dangerous land-based job. This includes many hazardous tasks and conditions such as working at the following conditions: Height, excavation, noise, dust, power tools and equipment. Construction work has been increased in developed and underdeveloped countries over the past few years. Occupational fatalities have increased with an increase in this type of work. Occupational fatalities refer to individuals who pass way while on the job or performing work related tasks. In the present study, to identify the factors, personal characteristics and work-related factors associated with fatal occupational mortality were assessed using data for Tehran, Iran, 2014-2016. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study, using 967 postmortem reports from fatal occupational injuries collected through postmortem investigations during 2014-2016. A sampling frame of 967 postmortem reports from fatal occupational injuries was used to draw a total sample of 714 fatal construction accidents for this cross-sectional study. Pearson χ2 test and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: Based on the results of this study, male gender (n=714; 100%), age range of 30-39 years (n=183; 25.6%), secondary educational level (n=273; 38.2%), being married (317; 44.4%), causal employee (n=389; 54.5%), unskilled performance (389; 54.5%), no insurance coverage (472; 66.1%), and daytime duty work (287; 40.2%) were identified as risk factors for fatality in the event of construction fatal injury. A significant relationship was found between the type of injury and sociodemographic and work related variables. Conclusion: Workers' characteristics such as age, gender, experience, and educational background, and work related variables such as skill training, safety measurement, and close monitoring could be used to discriminate among different severity levels of
Sarcoma de Kaposi clássico fatal Fatal outcome in classic Kaposi's sarcoma
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Eugênia Maria Damásio N. Ohe
2010-06-01
Full Text Available Descrito em 1872, o sarcoma de Kaposi é neoplasia multicêntrica rara originária de células endoteliais com manifestação cutânea e extracutânea. A forma clássica é muito mais frequente em homens idosos, com evolução prolongada e boa resposta a quimioterapia e radioterapia. Apresentaremos um caso de sarcoma de Kaposi clássico com comprometimento cutâneo e visceral em paciente do sexo feminino com rápida evolução fatal.First described in 1872, Kaposi's sarcoma is defined as a rare multifocal tumor that originates in the endothelial cells and presents with cutaneous and extracutaneous manifestations. The classic form is most common in elderly men and progression is slow. This tumor responds well to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This report describes a classic case of Kaposi's sarcoma in a woman with skin and visceral manifestations in whom the disease rapidly progressed to a fatal outcome.
Unique fatality due to claw injuries in a tiger attack: a case report.
Pathak, Hrishikesh; Dixit, Pradeep; Dhawane, Shailendra; Meshram, Satin; Shrigiriwar, Manish; Dingre, Niraj
2014-11-01
This paper describes a unique case of a fatal tiger attack in the wild. In the present case, a tiger fatally mauled a 34-year-old female with its claws, instead of the usual mechanism of killing by the bite injury to the neck. The autopsy revealed multiple fatal and non-fatal injuries caused by the tiger claws. The characteristic injuries due to the tooth impacts were absent as the teeth of the offending tiger were either fallen or non-functional. To the best of our knowledge, probably this rare case would be the first reported human fatality due to the tiger claw injuries in the world. The purpose of the present article is to highlight the fatal injuries due to the tiger claws, as the claw-induced fatal injuries in a tiger attack are not reported in the medico-legal literature. Moreover, this report would be an illustrative one for differentiation between the fatal injuries due to the claws and tooth impacts in a tiger attack. Furthermore, the present report establishes the importance of the tiger claws as a source of fatal injuries in a tiger attack. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
Urban sprawl as a risk factor in motor vehicle occupant and pedestrian fatalities.
Ewing, Reid; Schieber, Richard A; Zegeer, Charles V
2003-09-01
We sought to determine the association between urban sprawl and traffic fatalities. We created a sprawl index by applying principal components analysis to data for 448 US counties in the largest 101 metropolitan areas. Regression analysis was used to determine associations between the index and traffic fatalities. For every 1% increase in the index (i.e., more compact, less sprawl), all-mode traffic fatality rates fell by 1.49% (P Urban sprawl was directly related to traffic fatalities and pedestrian fatalities. Subsequent studies should investigate relationships at a finer geographic scale and should strive to improve on the measure of exposure used to adjust pedestrian fatality rates.
Bordetella bronchiseptica and fatal pneumonia of dogs and cats
Bordetella bronchiseptica frequently causes nonfatal tracheobronchitis, but its role in fatal pneumonia is less well-studied. The objectives of this study were to identify the frequency of Bordetella bronchiseptica infection in fatal cases of bronchopneumonia in dogs and cats and to compare the diag...
Lake tourism fatalities: a 46-year history of death at Lake Powell.
Heggie, Travis W
2018-05-01
This study investigates tourist mortality at Lake Powell over a 46-year period. To date no comprehensive long-term investigation examining the relationship between the lake environment and tourist mortality exists. A retrospective study was conducted of all tourist fatalities between 1959 and 2005. There were 351 fatal incidents resulting in 386 deaths between 1959 and 2005. Over the 46-year period, the average number of fatalities was 8.4 (±5.26) per year. Out of all fatalities, 282 were classified as accidental, 80 were classified as natural deaths, 13 were suicides and 5 were classified as homicides. Males accounted for 80% of fatalities and tourists aged 20-29 years and 10-19 years accounted for 36% of all fatalities. The highest number of fatalities was recorded in July (74), May (64), August (63) and June (59). Out of all accidental deaths, boating (29%) and swimming (22%) were the most common pre-death activities. High winds capsizing boats and carbon monoxide poisoning from boat engines were common factors contributing to 31 boating fatalities. Fatigue and exhaustion contributed to 22 swimming deaths. Recreational boating and swimming account for over half of all accidental deaths. Tourists visiting Lake Powell for recreational purposes should be informed of the risks associated with the lake environment.
Assessing the impact of Syrian refugees on earthquake fatality estimations in southeast Turkey
Wilson, Bradley; Paradise, Thomas
2018-01-01
The influx of millions of Syrian refugees into Turkey has rapidly changed the population distribution along the Dead Sea Rift and East Anatolian fault zones. In contrast to other countries in the Middle East where refugees are accommodated in camp environments, the majority of displaced individuals in Turkey are integrated into local cities, towns, and villages - placing stress on urban settings and increasing potential exposure to strong earthquake shaking. Yet displaced populations are often unaccounted for in the census-based population models used in earthquake fatality estimations. This study creates a minimally modeled refugee gridded population model and analyzes its impact on semi-empirical fatality estimations across southeast Turkey. Daytime and nighttime fatality estimates were produced for five fault segments at earthquake magnitudes 5.8, 6.4, and 7.0. Baseline fatality estimates calculated from census-based population estimates for the study area varied in scale from tens to thousands of fatalities, with higher death totals in nighttime scenarios. Refugee fatality estimations were analyzed across 500 semi-random building occupancy distributions. Median fatality estimates for refugee populations added non-negligible contributions to earthquake fatalities at four of five fault locations, increasing total fatality estimates by 7-27 %. These findings communicate the necessity of incorporating refugee statistics into earthquake fatality estimations in southeast Turkey and the ongoing importance of placing environmental hazards in their appropriate regional and temporal context.
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Eliana Isabel Parra Esquivel
2010-01-01
Full Text Available Este artículo presenta una revisión sobre la importancia de las ocupaciones significativas en la educación y el desarrollo de las emociones. En primera medida se analizan las nociones tanto negativas como positivas de la emoción y cómo ésta influencia los estados cognitivos. De la misma manera, se rescata cómo la comprensión imaginativa se desarrolla a través de una serie de etapas, cumpliendo así un papel importante en las ocupaciones que tienen lugar en la infancia. En un segundo momento, se evidencia que el juego no es la única ocupación significativa en el niño, sino que el uso del tiempo libre también tiene un papel importante, que cobra mayor relevancia durante la adolescencia, como medio para la educación y el desarrollo. Se rescatan entonces estas dos ocupaciones (juego y uso del tiempo libre como instrumentos que permitirán tener herramientas para el individuo; en consecuencia, deben ser valoradas desde la escuela. Lo anterior orienta a concluir que una adecuada organización y juicio en la utilización de ocupaciones significativas pueden influenciar emociones y aspectos cognitivos.
Circumstances of fatal lockout/tagout-related injuries in manufacturing.
Bulzacchelli, Maria T; Vernick, Jon S; Sorock, Gary S; Webster, Daniel W; Lees, Peter S J
2008-10-01
Over the past few decades, hundreds of manufacturing workers have suffered fatal injuries while performing maintenance and servicing on machinery and equipment. Using lockout/tagout procedures could have prevented many of these deaths. A narrative text analysis of OSHA accident investigation report summaries was conducted to describe the circumstances of lockout/tagout-related fatalities occurring in the US manufacturing industry from 1984 to 1997. The most common mechanisms of injury were being caught in or between parts of equipment, electrocution, and being struck by or against objects. Typical scenarios included cleaning a mixer or blender, cleaning a conveyor, and installing or disassembling electrical equipment. Lockout procedures were not even attempted in the majority (at least 58.8%) of fatal incidents reviewed. Lockout/tagout-related fatalities occur under a wide range of circumstances. Enhanced training and equipment designs that facilitate lockout and minimize worker contact with machine parts may prevent many lockout/tagout-related injuries. Published 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Feyer, A M; Langley, J; Howard, M; Horsburgh, S; Wright, C; Alsop, J; Cryer, C
2001-01-26
To determine the number and rates of work-related fatal injuries by employment status, occupation, industry, age and gender in New Zealand 1985-1994. Potential cases of work-related injury deaths of persons aged 15-84 years were identified from the national electronic mortality data files. Main exclusions were deaths due to suicide and deaths due to motor vehicle crashes. The circumstances of the deaths of each fatal incident meeting inclusion criteria were then reviewed directly from coronial files to determine work-relatedness. The rate of work-related fatal injury in New Zealand was 5.03/100000 workers per year for the study period. There was a significant decline in crude rate over the study period. However, this was in substantial part accounted for by changes in occupation and industry mix. Older workers, male workers, self-employed workers, and particular occupational groups, all had substantially elevated rates. Agricultural and helicopter pilots, forestry workers and fishery workers had the highest rates. Farmers, forestry workers, and fishery workers also had high numbers of deaths, together accounting for nearly 40% of all deaths. This study has demonstrated that work-related fatal injury remains a pressing problem for New Zealand. Several areas in urgent need of prevention efforts were highlighted.
Allegheny County Fatal Accidental Overdoses
Allegheny County / City of Pittsburgh / Western PA Regional Data Center — Fatal accidental overdose incidents in Allegheny County, denoting age, gender, race, drugs present, zip code of incident and zip code of residence. Zip code of...
2010-10-01
... TRANSPORTATION CONTROL OF ALCOHOL AND DRUG USE Post-Accident Toxicological Testing § 219.207 Fatality. (a) In the..., United States Code (but not the agent of the Secretary for purposes of the Federal Tort Claims Act...
Fatal crashes of passenger vehicles before and after adding antilock braking systems.
Farmer, C M; Lund, A K; Trempel, R E; Braver, E R
1997-11-01
Fatal crash rates of passenger cars and vans were compared for the last model year before four-wheel antilock brakes were introduced and the first model year for which antilock brakes were standard equipment. Vehicles selected for analysis had no other significant design changes between the model years being compared, and the model years with and without antilocks were no more than two years apart. The overall fatal crash rates were similar for the two model years. However, the vehicles with antilocks were significantly more likely to be involved in crashes fatal to their own occupants, particularly single-vehicle crashes. Conversely, antilock vehicles were less likely to be involved in crashes fatal to occupants of other vehicles or nonoccupants (pedestrians, bicyclists). Overall, antilock brakes appear to have had little effect on fatal crash involvement. Further study is needed to better understand why fatality risk has increased for occupants of antilock vehicles.
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Manuel Alejandro Ibarra Cisneros
2010-01-01
Full Text Available En años recientes se ha venido discutiendo ampliamente sobre la necesidad de flexibilizar el mercado de trabajo de México como forma de aumentar los niveles de empleo y estar en mejores condiciones de competir ante el resto de economías emergentes. Diversos países en Europa y Latinoamérica han llevado a cabo una serie de reformas laborales desde los años noventa del siglo XX con el objetivo de reducir el alto desempleo, fomentar la competitividad del aparato productivo, hacer mejor uso del capital humano y dotar a la economía de mayor dinamismo; sin embargo, los resultados hasta el momento han sido muy controversiales en algunos casos. Por ello, es imprescindible conocer a qué se hace referencia exactamente cuando se habla de flexibilidad laboral, pues existen posturas y concepciones marcadamente diferentes en torno a su significado y a sus consecuencias. Asimismo, es importante señalar que existen numerosos mecanismos de flexibilidad laboral, los cuales pueden incidir en diferentes magnitudes sobre el mercado de trabajo y la empresa. Este artículo agrupa diferentes posturas entorno a la flexibilidad laboral; asimismo, analiza las consecuencias que tiene el uso de cada mecanismo sobre la economía, la empresa y las condiciones de vida de los trabajadores.
Rising gasoline prices increase new motorcycle sales and fatalities.
Zhu, He; Wilson, Fernando A; Stimpson, Jim P; Hilsenrath, Peter E
2015-12-01
We examined whether sales of new motorcycles was a mechanism to explain the relationship between motorcycle fatalities and gasoline prices. The data came from the Motorcycle Industry Council, Energy Information Administration and Fatality Analysis Reporting System for 1984-2009. Autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) regressions estimated the effect of inflation-adjusted gasoline price on motorcycle sales and logistic regressions estimated odds ratios (ORs) between new and old motorcycle fatalities when gasoline prices increase. New motorcycle sales were positively correlated with gasoline prices (r = 0.78) and new motorcycle fatalities (r = 0.92). ARIMA analysis estimated that a US$1 increase in gasoline prices would result in 295,000 new motorcycle sales and, consequently, 233 new motorcycle fatalities. Compared to crashes on older motorcycle models, those on new motorcycles were more likely to be young riders, occur in the afternoon, in clear weather, with a large engine displacement, and without alcohol involvement. Riders on new motorcycles were more likely to be in fatal crashes relative to older motorcycles (OR 1.14, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.02-1.28) when gasoline prices increase. Our findings suggest that, in response to increasing gasoline prices, people tend to purchase new motorcycles, and this is accompanied with significantly increased crash risk. There are several policy mechanisms that can be used to lower the risk of motorcycle crash injuries through the mechanism of gas prices and motorcycle sales such as raising awareness of motorcycling risks, enhancing licensing and testing requirements, limiting motorcycle power-to-weight ratios for inexperienced riders, and developing mandatory training programs for new riders.
Assessing the impact of Syrian refugees on earthquake fatality estimations in southeast Turkey
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B. Wilson
2018-01-01
Full Text Available The influx of millions of Syrian refugees into Turkey has rapidly changed the population distribution along the Dead Sea Rift and East Anatolian fault zones. In contrast to other countries in the Middle East where refugees are accommodated in camp environments, the majority of displaced individuals in Turkey are integrated into local cities, towns, and villages – placing stress on urban settings and increasing potential exposure to strong earthquake shaking. Yet displaced populations are often unaccounted for in the census-based population models used in earthquake fatality estimations. This study creates a minimally modeled refugee gridded population model and analyzes its impact on semi-empirical fatality estimations across southeast Turkey. Daytime and nighttime fatality estimates were produced for five fault segments at earthquake magnitudes 5.8, 6.4, and 7.0. Baseline fatality estimates calculated from census-based population estimates for the study area varied in scale from tens to thousands of fatalities, with higher death totals in nighttime scenarios. Refugee fatality estimations were analyzed across 500 semi-random building occupancy distributions. Median fatality estimates for refugee populations added non-negligible contributions to earthquake fatalities at four of five fault locations, increasing total fatality estimates by 7–27 %. These findings communicate the necessity of incorporating refugee statistics into earthquake fatality estimations in southeast Turkey and the ongoing importance of placing environmental hazards in their appropriate regional and temporal context.
Blast overpressure after tire explosion: a fatal case.
Pomara, Cristoforo; D'Errico, Stefano; Riezzo, Irene; Perilli, Gabriela; Volpe, Umberto; Fineschi, Vittorio
2013-12-01
Fatal blast injuries are generally reported in literature as a consequence of the detonation of explosives in war settings. The pattern of lesion depends on the position of the victim in relation to the explosion, on whether the blast tracks through air or water, and whether it happens in the open air or within an enclosed space and the distance from the explosion. Tire explosion-related injuries are rarely reported in literature. This study presents a fatal case of blast overpressure due to the accidental explosion of a truck tire occurring in a tire repair shop. A multidisciplinary approach to the fatality involving forensic pathologists and engineers revealed that the accidental explosion, which caused a series of primary and tertiary blast wave injuries, was due to tire deterioration.
Occupational fatality risks in the United States and the United Kingdom.
Mendeloff, John; Staetsky, Laura
2014-01-01
There are very few careful studies of differences in occupational fatality rates across countries, much less studies that try to account for those differences. We compare the rate of work injury fatalities (excluding deaths due to highway motor vehicle crashes and those due to violence) identified by the US Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries in recent years with the number reported to the Health and Safety Executive in the United Kingdom (UK) and by other European Union (EU) members through Eurostat. In 2010, the fatality rate in the UK was about 1/3 the rate in the US. In construction the rate was about ¼ the US rate, a difference that had grown substantially since the 1990s. Several other EU members had rates almost as low as the UK rate. Across EU countries, lower rates were associated with high-level management attention to safety issues and to in-house preparation of "risk assessments." Although work fatality rates have declined in the US, fatality rates are much lower and have declined faster in recent years in the UK. Efforts to find out the reasons for the much better UK outcomes could be productive. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Quasi-likelihood generalized linear regression analysis of fatality risk data.
2009-01-01
Transportation-related fatality risks is a function of many interacting human, vehicle, and environmental factors. Statistically valid analysis of such data is challenged both by the complexity of plausible structural models relating fatality rates t...
Road Accidents and Road Fatalities in Denmark from 1968 to 2004
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Orozova-Bekkevold, Ivanka; Hels, Tove; Bernhoft, Inger Marie
2008-01-01
The purpose of this article is to describe the road accidents and road fatalities in Denmark in the period 1968-2004. Only accidents registered by the police were used. Crude and gender & age specific fatality rates (counts per 1,000,000 inhabitants) were estimated for all road users...... and for bicyclists. The accident and fatality rates have decreased by around 70% from 1968 to 2004, while the motorisation rate has increased by approximately 90%. The sharpest decrease in the fatality rate was observed among the youngest (below 18 years old) and the older (above 64) road users. Gender related...... and actions targeted to improve road safety have indeed led to a significant reduction in injury accidents and fatalities. Further research and more detailed data, especially on traffic volume and individual exposure are necessary in order to investigate properly a causal relation between the number...
Fatal motorcycle accidents and alcohol
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Larsen, C F; Hardt-Madsen, M
1987-01-01
A series of fatal motorcycle accidents from a 7-year period (1977-1983) has been analyzed. Of the fatalities 30 were operators of the motorcycle, 11 pillion passengers and 8 counterparts. Of 41 operators 37% were sober at the time of accident, 66% had measurable blood alcohol concentration (BAC......); 59% above 0.08%. In all cases where a pillion passenger was killed, the operator of the motorcycle had a BAC greater than 0.08%. Of the killed counterparts 2 were non-intoxicated, 2 had a BAC greater than 0.08%, and 4 were not tested. The results advocate that the law should restrict alcohol...... consumption by pillion passengers as well as by the motorcycle operator. Suggestions made to extend the data base needed for developing appropriate alcohol countermeasures by collecting sociodemographic data on drivers killed or seriously injured should be supported....
The legacy of fear: is fear impacting fatal and non-fatal drowning of African American children?
Irwin, Carol C; Irwin, Richard L; Ryan, Timothy D; Drayer, Joris
2011-01-01
African American children’s rates for fatal and non-fatal drowning events are alarmingly elevated, with some age groups having three times the rate as compared to White peers. Adequate swimming skills are considered a protective agent toward the prevention of drowning, but marginalized youth report limited swimming ability. This research examined minority children’s and parents/caregivers’ fear of drowning as a possible variable associated with limited swimming ability. Results confirmed that there were significant racial differences concerning the fear of drowning, and adolescent African American females were notably more likely to fear drowning while swimming than any other group. The “fear of drowning” responses by parents/ caregivers of minority children were also significantly different from their White counterparts.
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G.V. Vallespi
2005-06-01
Full Text Available Se describe un caso fatal de endocarditis en válvula mitral por Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, en un paciente varón de 45 años con antecedentes de etilismo crónico y sin contacto previo con animales. Presentaba un síndrome febril prolongado con poliartralgias, pérdida de peso y dolor en región lumbar y miembros inferiores. Los hemocultivos (2/2 fueron positivos a las 48 hs. de incubación y en el examen directo se observaron bacilos gram-positivos pleomórficos. En el subcultivo en agar sangre ovina al 5% desarrollaron colonias puntiformes con alfa hemólisis, catalasa y oxidasa negativas, PYR y LAP positivas y con producción de H2S en medio TSI. La cepa aislada fue identificada como E. rhusiopathiae de acuerdo a la metodología convencional y confirmada con API Coryne. El cuadro se asumió como una probable endocarditis demostrada mediante un ecocardiograma transtorácico. Se comenzó el tratamiento endovenoso con ampicilina y gentamicina. El paciente evolucionó favorablemente y se tornó afebril, sin embargo falleció a los 19 días de internación por edema agudo de pulmón. La prueba de sensibilidad por E-test demostró resistencia a vancomicina y gentamicina y sensibilidad a penicilina y cefotaxima. Es importante valorar los aislamientos de bacilos gram-positivos pleomórficos, catalasa y oxidasa negativos y realizar la prueba de producción de SH2 en el medio TSI. La resistencia a vancomicina ayuda a la identificación y permite establecer una correcta terapia antimicrobiana. Si bien se considera que las infecciones por E. rhusiopathiae son de carácter ocupacional, el contacto con cerdos u otros animales puede no ser evidente.A fatal case of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae mitral valve endocarditis is described in a 45 years old male, with a history of chronic alcohol abuse and without animals contact. He presented intermittent fever, polyarthralgia, weight loss, and low back pain. In blood cultures (2 bottles, gram
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Carlos Augusto Conde
2012-11-01
Full Text Available La biología sintética es una nueva tecnología, la cual representa un cambio en la explotación de recursos genéticos y corresponde a la transición de la producción natural de recursos genéticos a la producción sintética de estos en laboratorios. Como consecuencia de dicha transición, la biología sintética potencialmente podría erradicar el interés en los recursos genéticos ubicados en países en desarrollo, lo que podría llevar a las compañías farmacéuticas y biotecnológicas a no reconocer ninguna participación en los beneficios, como establece el Convenio sobre la Diversidad Biológica (CDB. El carácter disruptivo que la biología sintética podría tener es aún mayor si los derechos de propiedad intelectual (DPI, y en especial las patentes, conlleven barreras para acceder a invenciones creadas a partir de la biología sintética. Este artículo explora el impacto que la biología sintética podría llegar a tener en la regulación sobre el acceso a los recursos genéticos y la distribución de beneficios bajo el CDB y los DPI.
Disaster-related fatalities among US citizens traveling abroad.
Partridge, Robert; Bouslough, David; Proano, Lawrence
2013-01-01
To describe the locations and risk of death associated with natural disaster fatalities for US citizens traveling abroad. A retrospective database review of US citizen disaster deaths occurring worldwide. None. Information on fatalities due to disasters was abstracted from the US Department of State Web site reporting deaths of US citizens abroad by non-natural causes from October 2002 through June 2012. The main outcome measures were the frequency of disaster deaths and countries where disasters occurred. Descriptive statistics and rates were used to evaluate the study data. There were 7,963 total non-natural deaths of US citizens traveling abroad during the study period. Of these, 163 (2.0 percent) were disaster-related deaths, involving 19 disaster events in 15 countries. Only two disaster-related events resulted in more than two deaths of US travelers-the 2010 earthquake in Haiti causing 121 fatalities (74.2 percent of disaster deaths), and the 2004 tsunami in Thailand causing 22 fatalities (13.5 percent of disaster deaths). The approximate annual mean death rate for US citizen travelers as a result of disaster events is 0.27 deaths/1 million travelers, compared with 1.4 deaths/1 million residents due to disaster annually within the United States. The risk of disaster-related fatality is low for US citizens traveling abroad. Although disaster-related death among travelers is unpredictable, during a period of almost 10 years, there was only one reported death due to disaster in the five countries most frequently visited by US travelers. Further investigation may identify population-, seasonal-, country-, or location-specific risks from which prevention strategies can be developed.
Epidemiology of subway-related fatalities in New York City, 1990-2003.
Gershon, Robyn R M; Pearson, Julie M; Nandi, Vijay; Vlahov, David; Bucciarelli-Prann, Angela; Tracy, Melissa; Tardiff, Kenneth; Galea, Sandro
2008-01-01
Subway transit is a relatively safe mode of transportation, yet compared to all other forms of mass transit in the United States (U.S.), subways have the highest fatality rate. The aim of this paper is to characterize subway-related fatalities in order to identify opportunities for risk reduction. Medical examiner records for all New York City (NYC) subway-related deaths (1990-2003) were reviewed. Data were abstracted on decedents' demographics and autopsy findings, including laboratory findings. There were 668 subway-related fatalities, of these, 10 (1.5%) were homicides, 343 (51.3%) were determined to be suicides, and 315 (47.2%) were accidental. Although decedent characteristics varied between fatality categories, they were not particularly informative with regard to prevention. Prevention strategies that focus on structural controls are likely to be most efficacious in improving the overall safety of the NYC subway systems. These findings suggest that structural rather than individual-level interventions would be most successful in preventing subway fatalities.
Martinez Salazar, Maria del Pilar; Cardozo Molano, Fabio Ricardo
2014-01-01
Las TIC han impactado en el funcionamiento de las organizaciones y han aportado a su proceso evolutivo, generando diversos efectos de acuerdo a la función que estas cumplen dentro de la organización. Las TIC como consecuencia se convierten en una estrategia de gestión en un entorno complejo donde permiten alcanzar mejoras en la organización social, la actividad económica, el bienestar y el acceso a la información y el conocimiento. (Cáceres Carrasco & Aceytuno Pérez, 2008)Con el fin de entend...
Leidman, Eva; Maliniak, Maret; Sultan, Abdul-Salam Saleh; Hassan, Ahmed; Hussain, Syed Jaffar; Bilukha, Oleg O
2016-01-01
The insurgency tactics that characterize modern warfare, such as suicide car bombs and roadside bombs, have the potential to significantly impact road traffic injuries in conflict affected-countries. As road traffic incidents are one of the top ten causes of death in Iraq, changes in incidence have important implications for the health system. We aimed to describe patterns of road traffic fatalities for all demographic groups and types of road users in Iraq during a period characterized by a resurgence in insurgency activity. Iraqi Ministry of Health routine prospective injury surveillance collects information on all fatal injuries in eight governorates of Iraq: Baghdad, Al-Anbar, Basrah, Erbil, Kerbala, Maysan, Ninevah, and Al-Sulaimaniya. From all injury fatalities documented at the coroner office, we analyzed only those attributed to road traffic that occurred between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2013. Coroners ascertain information from physical examinations, police reports and family members. Analysis included 7,976 road traffic fatalities. Overall, 6,238 (78.2 %) fatalities were male and 2,272 (28.5 %) were children under 18 years of age. The highest numbers of road traffic fatalities were among males 15 to 34 years of age and children of both sexes under 5 years of age. 49.2 % of fatalities occurred among pedestrians. Among children and females, the majority of road traffic fatalities were pedestrians, 69.0 % and 56.6 %, respectively. Fatalities among motorcyclists (3.7 %) and bicyclists (0.4 %) were least common. Rates of road traffic fatalities ranged from 8.6 to 10.7 per 100,000 population. The injury surveillance system provides the first data from a conflict-affected country on road traffic fatalities disaggregated by type of road user. The highest numbers of fatalities were among children and young men. Nearly half of fatalities were pedestrians, a proportion nearly double that of any neighboring country. As insurgency activity increased in
Examination of Conservatism in Early/Latent Fatality Estimation in Level 3 PRA
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Kim, Sung-yeop; Lee, Haneol; Yim, Man-Sung
2014-01-01
Due to the computational model driven-nature of the work, there exist various sources of uncertainty in level 3 PRA. They are related with source release, environmental transport and deposition, human behavior involved in dosimetry, health effect and risk assessment. For instance, a total of 376 parameters have been considered in Probabilistic Accident Consequence Uncertainty Assessment Using COSYMA and the details on the number of parameters in each analysis are listed in Table 1. In 2012, the report of NPP accident consequence simulation was distributed by the Korean Federation for Environmental Movement (KFEM). They insisted that Kori Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) accident would lead to 48,000 early fatalities and 850,000 cancer fatalities in Busan and Hanbit NPP accident would lead to 550,000 cancer fatalities in Seoul. This report exemplifies the misuse of collective dose, that is effective dose multiplied by population and time. Even though very low effective dose is considered, collective dose could give over-conservative estimate when high population and long time period is multiplied. International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) forewarned about the misuse of collective dose, in their ICRP Publication 103, such as applying it to simplified calculation of fatality and risk. As part of investigation of conservatism in early and latent fatality estimation, the existing methods of early and latent fatality calculation was reviewed and the results from the use of the existing methodology were examined in this study. The method of early and latent fatality estimation in level 3 PRA was investigated and the conservatism in the result was examined in this study. For the purpose of estimating both early and latent fatality, appropriate dose distributions among the affected population are found to be important. This study showed that large conservatism may be involved in the estimated fatality if the distribution of population dose as a function of
Examination of Conservatism in Early/Latent Fatality Estimation in Level 3 PRA
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Kim, Sung-yeop; Lee, Haneol; Yim, Man-Sung [Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)
2014-10-15
Due to the computational model driven-nature of the work, there exist various sources of uncertainty in level 3 PRA. They are related with source release, environmental transport and deposition, human behavior involved in dosimetry, health effect and risk assessment. For instance, a total of 376 parameters have been considered in Probabilistic Accident Consequence Uncertainty Assessment Using COSYMA and the details on the number of parameters in each analysis are listed in Table 1. In 2012, the report of NPP accident consequence simulation was distributed by the Korean Federation for Environmental Movement (KFEM). They insisted that Kori Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) accident would lead to 48,000 early fatalities and 850,000 cancer fatalities in Busan and Hanbit NPP accident would lead to 550,000 cancer fatalities in Seoul. This report exemplifies the misuse of collective dose, that is effective dose multiplied by population and time. Even though very low effective dose is considered, collective dose could give over-conservative estimate when high population and long time period is multiplied. International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) forewarned about the misuse of collective dose, in their ICRP Publication 103, such as applying it to simplified calculation of fatality and risk. As part of investigation of conservatism in early and latent fatality estimation, the existing methods of early and latent fatality calculation was reviewed and the results from the use of the existing methodology were examined in this study. The method of early and latent fatality estimation in level 3 PRA was investigated and the conservatism in the result was examined in this study. For the purpose of estimating both early and latent fatality, appropriate dose distributions among the affected population are found to be important. This study showed that large conservatism may be involved in the estimated fatality if the distribution of population dose as a function of
CONSECUENCIAS JURÍDICO-PENALES DEL ABSENTISMO ESCOLAR
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Carlos Vázquez González
2013-05-01
Full Text Available El absentismo y/o el abandono escolar no son tan sólo uno de los principales problemas a los que se debe enfrentar cualquier sistema educativo, sino también un problema social relacionado con la exclusión social, la marginación y la delincuencia, ya que la investigación criminológica ha comprobado como el fracaso escolar o un temprano abandono de los estudios opera como un facilitador de la delincuencia juvenil. Cuando el absentismo o abandono escolar se produce debido a un incumplimiento injustificado por parte de los padres del deber de educar y proporcionar una formación integral a sus hijos, deber legal de asistencia inherente a la patria potestad, el Estado deberá intervenir para garantizar el derecho a la educación de los menores, recurriendo incluso al Derecho penal, mediante la aplicación del delito de abandono de familia del art. 226.1 CP.
El bambú como elemento estructural: la especie Guadua Amplexifolia
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María Teresa Sánchez Medrano
2016-01-01
Full Text Available El uso de cualquier material como elemento estructural exige fundamentalmente del conocimiento de sus propiedades físico-mecánicas, con el objeto de conocer y aprovechar al máximo estas propiedades y/o descartarlo si no es considerado conveniente. Este trabajo presenta los resultados obtenidos del estudio del comportamiento físico-mecánico del bambú de la especie Guadua amplexifolia que crece endémicamente al norte del estado de Veracruz, México. Se utilizaron 100 culmos con longitud promedio de 5.5 m., respetándose los métodos de corte y sazonado tradicionales. Este estudio se apoyó en metodologías empleadas por las fuentes consultadas y en las propuestas de Normas de la Red Internacional del Bambú y del Ratán, tanto para propiedades físicas como mecánicas tales como pruebas a la compresión, tensión, y cortante paralelo a la fibra y flexión. Como baremo se tomaron los resultados obtenidos para la misma especie que crece en Monte Blanco, Veracruz, del estudio de (Ordoñez, 1999. Se obtuvieron valores promedio de los Esfuerzos últimos de falla para Compresión, Cortante y Tensión paralela a la fibra así como para Flexión perpendicular a la fibra. Se comparó con el baremo y los registros obtenidos resultaron similares, observándose una muy pequeña variación en los resultados posiblemente a consecuencia de la anisotropía del material, ubicación geográfica y edad de los culmos. Para la prueba de Compresión paralela a la fibra, se presentaron fallas por cortante longitudinal, esto debido a la constitución de las fibras del material, tensión diagonal y en un muy bajo porcentaje se presentó aplastamiento en las caras y paredes de la probeta. Para la prueba de Cortante, se presentaron fallas por cortante longitudinal, claramente visibles debido a la constitución de las fibras del material con un desplazamiento considerable de las paredes de la probeta y en un porcentaje menor se presentó falla por cortante diagonal
El budismo como una espiritualidad no religiosa
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Marta Granés Bayona
2014-09-01
Full Text Available El budismo plantea acceder a una visión de la realidad desligada de creencias y supuestos de todo tipo. Para conseguirlo plantea una indagación libre en referencia al enclaustramiento de nuestro pensar y sentir al que nos somete el ego. El ego con sus necesidades y deseos genera un acceso a la realidad relativo a nosotros. Lo que se propone es una liberación de esta lectura para que la realidad pueda aparecer frente a nosotros de manera independiente de las imposiciones del ego, es decir, un acceso a ella ab-soluto (suelto de nosotros. El budismo es, pues, una propuesta de ‘espiritualidad no religiosa’, para la que el mismo término espiritualidad resultaría inadecuado porque en él subyace la creencia en el ‘espíritu’. Vemos que por todo ello el mensaje budista resulta muy apropiado para las sociedades hoy presentes, bien para aquellas que están transitando de una sociedad agrícola a una industrial, que conlleva a debilitar las convicciones religiosas hasta disolverlas; bien para aquellas que están próximas o han entrado ya en las sociedades llamadas de conocimiento, innovación y cambio continuo cuya condición de movilidad impide las creencias, porque son fijadoras, lo que arrastra como consecuencia la imposibilidad de tener religión ni espiritualidad.
El embarazo a temprana edad. Perspectiva de progenitores y madres adolescentes
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Luis Manuel Rodríguez Otero
2016-11-01
Full Text Available El embarazo adolescente refiere al que se produce entre la adolescencia inicial o pubertad. La gestación y maternidad durante este periodo implica distintas consecuencias a nivel personal, familiar y social. Destacando cuestione como: la mortalidad, la morbilidad, el aborto, enfermedades de transmisión sexual, el abandono escolar, posiciones de vulnerabilidad, la reproducción de la pobreza, etc. Por otro lado existen factores que favorecen la existencia de esta problemática tales como: aspectos geográficos, cuestiones sociofamiliares e individuales, las políticas públicas, los recursos existentes, el nivel formativo o conocimiento al respecto, estilos de vida no saludables, el matrimonio a edades tempranas, el rol de género tradicional asignado a la mujer, etc. Utilizando como muestra a 6 madres a temprana edad y 6 progenitores de madres adolescentes del Área Metropolitana de Monterrey, se plantea una investigación cualitativa a través del análisis de contenido y categorización de entrevistas con el objetivo de identificar la percepción que poseen respecto al embarazo a temprana edad. Así como las causas, consecuencias y las medidas existentes. Los resultados evidencian la manifestación de distintas causas individuales, políticas, familiares y sociales en la muestra, así como diversas consecuencias tanto individuales como familiares. Así mismo se observa que la escuela es la principal fuente de información. Es por ello que se propone revisar las medidas preventivas al respecto y la intervención tomando en consideración a las madres que ya son adolescentes para minimizar las posibles consecuencias descritas.
Associations between drug use and motorcycle helmet use in fatal crashes.
Rossheim, Matthew E; Wilson, Fernando; Suzuki, Sumihiro; Rodriguez, Mayra; Walters, Scott; Thombs, Dennis L
2014-01-01
Helmet use reduces mortality risk for motorcyclists, regardless of drug and alcohol use. However, the association between drug use and motorcycle helmet utilization is not well known. This study examines the relationship between drug use and motorcycle helmet use among fatally injured motorcycle riders. Using data from the 2005-2009 Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), we examined the association between drug use and motorcycle helmet use in a multivariable logistic regression analysis of 9861 fatally injured motorcycle riders in the United States. For fatally injured motorcycle riders, use of alcohol, marijuana, or other drugs was associated with increased odds of not wearing a motorcycle helmet, controlling for the effects of state motorcycle helmet laws and other confounding variables. Predicted probabilities indicate that helmet use substantially decreases among fatally injured riders mixing alcohol with marijuana and other drugs. Furthermore, the likelihood of helmet use between marijuana-only users and other drug users is virtually the same across all blood alcohol content (BAC) levels. This study provides evidence that alcohol, marijuana, and other drug use is associated with not wearing a motorcycle helmet in fatal motorcycle crashes. There is a clear need for additional prevention and intervention efforts that seek to change helmet and drug use norms among motorcycle riders.
Analyses of fatalities from natural catastrophes in different income groups over time
Grimm, Tobias
2017-04-01
Identifying not only economic and insured losses but also numbers of fatalities from natural catastrophes provides new information on resilience and prevention measures in the countries affected. In this talk, we examine how fatalities from Munich Re's NatCatSERVICE database, caused by natural disasters have developed. In addition to the standard approach based on fatalities by country, we introduced a new measure, "fatalities per million inhabitants", and factored in population development over time. The World Bank definition was used to determine the wealth classification of individual countries. This methodology enables us to compare countries with different population sizes and thus produce an index for humanitarian impact. The analyses are key information on ascertaining whether prevention measures or early-warning systems have in fact reduced the number of fatalities in recent decades (1980-2016).
Antecedentes y consecuencias del acoso psicológico en el trabajo: una revisión de la literatura
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STALE EINARSEN
2006-01-01
Full Text Available El presente artículo revisa y resume la investigación y la literatura sobre el concepto de acoso psicológico en el trabajo, su naturaleza, consecuencias, y antecedentes. El acoso psicológico en el trabajo hace referencia a conductas negativas continuadas que son dirigidas contra uno o varios empleados por sus superiores y/o colegas. Alrededor del 1-10% de los trabajadores están expuestos a comportamientos de acoso. El acoso puede conducir a problemas emocionales y psicosomáticos, a un menor bienestar en las víctimas, y a un incremento en el absentismo y la rotación en las organizaciones. Se han propuesto como posibles antecedentes del acoso psicológico en el trabajo desde las características de personalidad hasta los factores organizacionales. Se ha encontrado que los individuos introvertidos, neuróticos y sumisos tienen mayor probabilidad de ser acosados. Se han investigado una amplia variedad de posibles estresores del entorno laboral en relación con el acoso psicológico, siendo las deficiencias en el liderazgo y el diseño del trabajo los factores que propician el acoso. Del mismo modo, existe una atención creciente hacia los cambios en la naturaleza del trabajo, donde los cambios organizacionales y el incremento de la incertidumbre han sido estudiados en relación con el acoso. Aunque se necesita mayor investigación en esta área, existe suficiente evidencia para afirmar que la mayoría de las organizaciones deberían esforzarse en la prevención y el manejo de este problema.
Factors Associated with Fatal Occupational Accidents among Mexican Workers: A National Analysis
Gonzalez-Delgado, Mery; Gómez-Dantés, Héctor; Fernández-Niño, Julián Alfredo; Robles, Eduardo; Borja, Víctor H.; Aguilar, Miriam
2015-01-01
Objective To identify the factors associated with fatal occupational injuries in Mexico in 2012 among workers affiliated with the Mexican Social Security Institute. Methods Analysis of secondary data using information from the National Occupational Risk Information System, with the consequence of the occupational injury (fatal versus non-fatal) as the response variable. The analysis included 406,222 non-fatal and 1,140 fatal injuries from 2012. The factors associated with the lethality of the injury were identified using a logistic regression model with the Firth approach. Results Being male (OR=5.86; CI95%: 4.22-8.14), age (OR=1.04; CI95%: 1.03-1.06), employed in the position for 1 to 10 years (versus less than 1 year) (OR=1.37; CI95%: 1.15-1.63), working as a facilities or machine operator or assembler (OR: 3.28; CI95%: 2.12- 5.07) and being a worker without qualifications (OR=1.96; CI95%: 1.18-3.24) (versus an office worker) were associated with fatality in the event of an injury. Additionally, companies classified as maximum risk (OR=1.90; CI 95%: 1.38-2.62), workplace conditions (OR=7.15; CI95%: 3.63-14.10) and factors related to the work environment (OR=9.18; CI95%:4.36-19.33) were identified as risk factors for fatality in the event of an occupational injury. Conclusions Fatality in the event of an occupational injury is associated with factors related to sociodemographics (age, sex and occupation), the work environment and workplace conditions. Worker protection policies should be created for groups with a higher risk of fatal occupational injuries in Mexico. PMID:25790063
The relationship between gasoline price and patterns of motorcycle fatalities and injuries.
Zhu, He; Wilson, Fernando A; Stimpson, Jim P
2015-06-01
Economic factors such as rising gasoline prices may contribute to the crash trends by shaping individuals' choices of transportation modalities. This study examines the relationship of gasoline prices with fatal and non-fatal motorcycle injuries. Data on fatal and non-fatal motorcycle injuries come from California's Statewide Integrated Traffic Records System for 2002-2011. Autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) regressions were used to estimate the impact of inflation-adjusted gasoline price per gallon on trends of motorcycle injuries. Motorcycle fatalities and severe and minor injuries in California were highly correlated with increasing gasoline prices from 2002 to 2011 (r=0.76, 0.88 and 0.85, respectively). In 2008, the number of fatalities and injuries reached 13,457--a 34% increase since 2002, a time period in which inflation-adjusted gasoline prices increased about $0.30 per gallon every year. The majority of motorcycle riders involved in crashes were male (92.5%), middle-aged (46.2%) and non-Hispanic white (67.9%). Using ARIMA modelling, we estimated that rising gasoline prices resulted in an additional 800 fatalities and 10,290 injuries from 2002 to 2011 in California. Our findings suggest that increasing gasoline prices led to more motorcycle riders on the roads and, consequently, more injuries. Aside from mandatory helmet laws and their enforcement, other strategies may include raising risk awareness of motorcyclists and investment in public transportation as an alternative transportation modality to motorcycling. In addition, universally mandated training courses and strict licensing tests of riding skills should be emphasised to help reduce the motorcycle fatal and non-fatal injuries. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.
La Constitución de 1991 como pacto de paz: discutiendo las anomalías
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Francisco Gutiérrez-Sanín
2011-05-01
Full Text Available A veinte años de la Constitución de 1991, y después de padecer una violencia endémica durante la década de los noventa, y por qué no decirlo, también en la primera década del siglo XXI, es pertinente hacer una reflexión ponderada sobre los efectos que ha tenido la Constitución de 1991 sobre el comportamiento tanto del Estado como de los actores armados. En especial porque algunos críticos ven en la constitución un obstáculo para la terminación del conflicto debido a su abundante carta de derechos, que según su entender están diseñados para proteger a los malos y maniatar al Estado. Para otros la Constitución se convirtió en una especie de fetiche que no debía ser reformado, pues de hacerlo, se perderían los espacios democráticos ganados y tendría como consecuencia una escalada de la violencia. El artículo demuestra que ni lo uno ni lo otro es cierto, es decir, ni la carta de derechos es la responsable de los problemas de violencia que sufre el país, ni los espacios de democratización abiertos por la constitución son la panacea para culminar con la violencia en Colombia. Este artículo pone en su justa medida los aciertos de los constituyentes como los dilemas no resueltos que conllevó la aprobación de la Constitución de 1991.
Terho, Henri K; Tikkanen, Jani T; Kenttä, Tuomas V; Junttila, M Juhani; Aro, Aapo L; Anttonen, Olli; Kerola, Tuomas; Rissanen, Harri A; Knekt, Paul; Reunanen, Antti; Huikuri, Heikki V
2016-11-01
The long-term prognostic value of a standard 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) for predicting cardiac events in apparently healthy middle-aged subjects is not well defined. A total of 9511 middle-aged subjects (mean age 43 ± 8.2 years, 52% males) without a known cardiac disease and with a follow-up 40 years were included in the study. Fatal and non-fatal cardiac events were collected from the national registries. The predictive value of ECG was separately analyzed for 10 and 30 years. Major ECG abnormalities were classified according to the Minnesota code. Subjects with major ECG abnormalities (N = 1131) had an increased risk of cardiac death after 10-years (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.7; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.1-2.5, p = 0.009) and 30-years of follow-up (HR 1.3, 95% CI, 1.1-1.5, p electrocardiogram are shown to have prognostic significance for cardiac events in elderly subjects without known cardiac disease. Our results suggest that ECG abnormalities increase the risk of fatal cardiac events also in middle-aged healthy subjects.
On the occurrence of fatal landslides in 2008
Petley, D.
2009-04-01
This paper represents the latest in an annual review of fatal landslide events worldwide, based upon the Durham Fatal Landslide Database. Landslide events were inevitably dominated by the occurrence of the 12th May Wenchuan Earthquake in Sichuan Province of China, which triggered very extensive landsliding. Whilst it will be very difficult to estimate the true impact of this event in terms of landslides, the Chinese authorities estimate that about 29,000 people were killed by landslides, with several thousand more losing their lives whilst trapped in rubble due to the inability of rescuers to pass through landslide affected areas. Considerable work is needed to understand the reasons for the intensity of the landslide processes. Elsewhere the number of fatal landslides recorded totalled 405 worldwide. These caused 3526 fatalities, giving a total for the year of about 32,526 people. To put this into context, according to the CRED EM-DAT database the recorded number of fatalities from volcanic eruptions in the period 2000 to 2008 inclusive is 221! The distribution of fatal landslides followed the familiar patterns observed in previous years, with distinct clusters in Central China, along the southern edge of the Himalayas, in the Caribbean, in Central America, western S. America, along the western edge of the Philippine Sea plate and in Indonesia, plus a scattering elsewhere. The temporal distribution shows strong seasonality, with the peak occurring during the northern hemisphere summer. Unusually however, the peak month was September (usually it is in July), and there were large numbers of landslide events right through to November. The November landslide clusters occurred in SE. Asia and in Central / S. America, reflecting very heavy rains in these regions at that time. The reasons for this are not clear at present, although may be linked to weakening La Nina conditions that have prevailed through much of the year. An analysis is made of the relationship between
Fatal consequences of synergistic anticoagulation
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Sen P
2018-05-01
Full Text Available Objective: Novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs are increasingly being preferred by clinicians (and patients because they have a wide therapeutic window and therefore do not require monitoring of anticoagulant effect. Herein, we describe the unfortunate case of a patient who had fatal consequences as a result of switching from warfarin to rivaroxaban. Case Summary: A 90-year-old Caucasian woman, with atrial fibrillation on chronic anticoagulation with warfarin, was admitted to the hospital for pneumonia. She was treated with levofloxacin. In the same admission, her warfarin was switched to rivaroxaban. On Day 3 after the switch, her INR was found to be 6, and she developed a cervical epidural hematoma from C2 to C7. She ultimately developed respiratory arrest, was put on comfort care and died. Discussion: Rivaroxaban and warfarin are known to have a synergistic anticoagulant effect, usually seen shortly after switching. Antibiotics also increase the effects of warfarin by the inhibition of metabolizing isoenzymes. It is hypothesized that these two effects led to the fatal cervical spinal hematoma. Conclusion: The convenience of a wide therapeutic window and no requirement of laboratory monitoring makes the NOACs a desirable option for anticoagulation. However, there is lack of data and recommendations on how to transition patients from Warfarin to NOACs or even how to transition from one NOAC to another. Care should be taken to ensure continuous monitoring of anticoagulation when stopping, interrupting or switching between NOACS to avoid the possibility of fatal bleeding and strokes.
Non-fatal self-poisoning across age groups, in Sri Lanka.
Rajapakse, Thilini; Christensen, Helen; Cotton, Sue; Griffiths, Kathleen Margaret
2016-02-01
Attempted or non-fatal self-poisoning in common in Sri Lanka, but little is known about variation of psychiatric morbidity and suicidal intent across differing ages. The aim of this study was to investigate factors associated with non-fatal self-poisoning in Sri Lanka across three different age groups (namely 14-24 years, 25-34 years and ≥ 35 years). It was anticipated that the findings of the study would inform and guide development of preventive interventions for non-fatal self-poisoning in this country. 935 participants were interviewed within one week of admission to hospital for medical management of non-fatal self-poisoning, over a consecutive 14-month period. Socio-demographic factors, types of poison ingested, triggers and psychiatric morbidity was examined as a function of age. Results showed that a majority (83%) of participants were aged below 35 years. Younger participants aged aged 25-34 years, and ≥ 35 years), who were more likely to ingest pesticides. Recent interpersonal conflict was a proximal trigger seen in all age groups, but suicidal intent, depression and alcohol use disorders increased with age. The overall study findings indicate that most who carry out acts of non-fatal self-poisoning in Sri Lanka are young (aged age groups, but psychiatric morbidity and suicidal intent is higher in the older age groups, as is pesticide ingestion. Age specific interventions may be efficacious in the prevention of non-fatal self-poisoning in Sri Lanka. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Juan Pablo Román-Calderón
2016-04-01
Full Text Available El artículo presenta un estudio acerca de algunos antecedentes de los comportamientos empoderados y la participación de los empleados en actividades de desarrollo de personal. El objetivo del estudio es analizar la influencia que el apoyo organizacional y el empoderamiento psicológico ejercen sobre los comportamientos empoderados. En el estudio participaron voluntariamente los empleados de 3 empresas maquiladoras del departamento de Antioquia (Colombia. Para el análisis de datos cuantitativos se utilizó la modelación por ecuaciones estructurales. Los resultados de los análisis señalan que el apoyo organizacional ejerce una influencia indirecta positiva sobre la participación en actividades de desarrollo de empleados y sobre los comportamientos proactivos. Adicionalmente, el empoderamiento actúa como mediador de dicha relación. En consecuencia, se recomienda la promoción de climas organizacionales caracterizados por el apoyo organizacional y el empoderamiento.
Consecuencias personales en la ruptura de la vida laboral. El caso de Telefónica
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María Victoria Inmaculada Velasco Juez
2006-09-01
Full Text Available Desde mediados de los años setenta, el mundo del trabajo de los países occidentales comienza a cambiar progresivamente en su estructura y fisonomía. En los últimos años, como consecuencia de la búsqueda de competitividad y la política de fusiones y adquisiciones llevada a cabo en España por algunas grandes empresas, han aumentado de forma significativa las reducciones de plantilla. Considerando que estamos ante un proceso cultural de las sociedades contemporáneas y siendo parte integrante de ese colectivo, cada día más numeroso, de personas desvinculadas del trabajo remunerado a una edad temprana, estudié qué supone este hecho para un grupo de trabajadores de Telefónica. Esta empresa está llevando a cabo la mayor regulación de empleo de nuestro país; terminará 2007, por un plan iniciado en 1993, con una plantilla reducida en un 66 %. Para analizar cómo afecta este hecho a los trabajadores y en qué ámbitos, aspectos y dimensiones de su vida, tuve en cuenta las diferencias de interpretación de sus experiencias en cuanto al tiempo, al espacio y a la sociabilidad. También consideré las diferencias individuales: género, situación familiar, formación, trayectoria laboral, puesto que se ocupaba en la empresa, estrategias de ocupación del tiempo de ocio, etc. A partir de la etnografía se concluye que, siendo la actividad laboral remunerada un factor de identidad personal y social, un factor de integración y estructuración del ser humano, desde una perspectiva antropológico-social, la ruptura de dicha trayectoria, a una edad temprana y de forma brusca y no deseada, conlleva la necesidad de ajuste en todas las actividades del ser humano.
WOLFF R., MARCELO
2002-01-01
Los efectos adversos de medicamentos en general y antimicrobianos en particular, son comunes y esperados de enfrentar durante la atención de los pacientes. La mayoría de ellos consiste en intolerancia, efectos colaterales y secundarios, alergia, idiosincrasia, sobredosis o interacciones farmacológicas indeseables. Durante el empleo de antimicrobianos con fines terapéuticos o preventivos en infecciones documentadas o sospechadas, pueden presentarse efectos adversos inesperados o consecuencias ...
GIS based analysis of Intercity Fatal Road Traffic Accidents in Iran.
Alizadeh, A; Zare, M; Darparesh, M; Mohseni, S; Soleimani-Ahmadi, M
2015-01-01
Road traffic accidents including intercity car traffic accidents (ICTAs) are among the most important causes of morbidity and mortality due to the growing number of vehicles, risky behaviors, and changes in lifestyle of the general population. A sound knowledge of the geographical distribution of car traffic accidents can be considered as an approach towards the accident causation and it can be used as an administrative tool in allocating the sources for traffic accidents prevention. This study was conducted to investigate the geographical distribution and the time trend of fatal intercity car traffic accidents in Iran. To conduct this descriptive study, all Iranian intercity road traffic mortality data were obtained from the Police reports in the Statistical Yearbook of the Governor's Budget and Planning. The obtained data were for 17 complete Iranian calendar years from March 1997 to March 2012. The incidence rate (IR) of fatal ICTAs for each year was calculated as the total number of fatal ICTAs in every 100000 population in specified time intervals. Figures and maps indicating the trends and geographical distribution of fatal ICTAs were prepared while using Microsoft Excel and ArcGis9.2 software. The number of fatal car accidents showed a general increasing trend from 3000 in 1996 to 13500 in 2012. The incidence of fatal intercity car accidents has changed from six in 100000 population in 1996 to 18 in 100000 population in 2012. GIS based data showed that the incidence rate of ICTAs in different provinces of Iran was very divergent. The highest incidence of fatal ICTAs was in Semnan province (IR= 35.2), followed by North Khorasan (IR=22.7), and South Khorasan (IR=22). The least incidence of fatal ICTAs was in Tehran province (IR=2.4) followed by Khozestan (IR=6.5), and Eastern Azarbayejan (IR=6.6). The compensation cost of fatal ICTAs also showed an increasing trend during the studied period. Since an increasing amount of money was being paid yearly for the car
GIS based analysis of Intercity Fatal Road Traffic Accidents in Iran
Alizadeh, A; Zare, M; Darparesh, M; Mohseni, S; Soleimani-Ahmadi, M
2015-01-01
Road traffic accidents including intercity car traffic accidents (ICTAs) are among the most important causes of morbidity and mortality due to the growing number of vehicles, risky behaviors, and changes in lifestyle of the general population. A sound knowledge of the geographical distribution of car traffic accidents can be considered as an approach towards the accident causation and it can be used as an administrative tool in allocating the sources for traffic accidents prevention. This study was conducted to investigate the geographical distribution and the time trend of fatal intercity car traffic accidents in Iran. To conduct this descriptive study, all Iranian intercity road traffic mortality data were obtained from the Police reports in the Statistical Yearbook of the Governor’s Budget and Planning. The obtained data were for 17 complete Iranian calendar years from March 1997 to March 2012. The incidence rate (IR) of fatal ICTAs for each year was calculated as the total number of fatal ICTAs in every 100000 population in specified time intervals. Figures and maps indicating the trends and geographical distribution of fatal ICTAs were prepared while using Microsoft Excel and ArcGis9.2 software. The number of fatal car accidents showed a general increasing trend from 3000 in 1996 to 13500 in 2012. The incidence of fatal intercity car accidents has changed from six in 100000 population in 1996 to 18 in 100000 population in 2012. GIS based data showed that the incidence rate of ICTAs in different provinces of Iran was very divergent. The highest incidence of fatal ICTAs was in Semnan province (IR= 35.2), followed by North Khorasan (IR=22.7), and South Khorasan (IR=22). The least incidence of fatal ICTAs was in Tehran province (IR=2.4) followed by Khozestan (IR=6.5), and Eastern Azarbayejan (IR=6.6). The compensation cost of fatal ICTAs also showed an increasing trend during the studied period. Since an increasing amount of money was being paid yearly for the
Logue, Jennifer; Murray, Heather M; Welsh, Paul; Shepherd, James; Packard, Chris; Macfarlane, Peter; Cobbe, Stuart; Ford, Ian; Sattar, Naveed
2011-04-01
The effect of body mass index (BMI) on coronary heart disease (CHD) risk is attenuated when mediators of this risk (such as diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia) are accounted for. However, there is now evidence of a differential effect of risk factors on fatal and non-fatal CHD events, with markers of inflammation more strongly associated with fatal than non-fatal events. To describe the association with BMI separately for both fatal and non-fatal CHD risk after accounting for classical risk factors and to assess any independent effects of obesity on CHD risk. In the West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study BMI in 6082 men (mean age 55 years) with hypercholesterolaemia, but no history of diabetes or CVD, was related to the risk of fatal and non-fatal CHD events. After excluding participants with any event in the first 2 years, 1027 non-fatal and 214 fatal CHD events occurred during 14.7 years of follow-up. A minimally adjusted model (age, sex, statin treatment) and a maximally adjusted model (including known CVD risk factors and deprivation) were compared, with BMI 25-27.4 kg/m² as referent. The risk of non-fatal events was similar across all BMI categories in both models. The risk of fatal CHD events was increased in men with BMI 30.0-39.9 kg/m² in both the minimally adjusted model (HR = 1.75 (95% CI 1.12 to 2.74)) and the maximally adjusted model (HR = 1.60 (95% CI 1.02 to 2.53)). These hypothesis generating data suggest that obesity is associated with fatal, but not non-fatal, CHD after accounting for known cardiovascular risk factors and deprivation. Clinical trial registration WOSCOPS was carried out and completed before the requirement for clinical trial registration.
Features of fatal injuries in older cyclists in vehicle-bicycle accidents in Japan.
Matsui, Yasuhiro; Oikawa, Shoko; Hitosugi, Masahito
2018-01-02
The purpose of this study was to identify and better understand the features of fatal injuries in cyclists aged 75 years and over involved in collisions with either hood- or van-type vehicles. This study investigated the fatal injuries of cyclists aged 75 years old and over by analyzing accident data. We focused on the body regions to which the fatal injury occurred using vehicle-bicycle accident data from the Institute for Traffic Accident Research and Data Analysis (ITARDA) in Japan. Using data from 2009 to 2013, we examined the frequency of fatally injured body region by gender, age, and actual vehicle travel speed. We investigated any significant differences in distributions of fatal injuries by body region for cyclists aged 75 years and over using chi-square tests to compare with cyclists in other age groups. We also investigated the cause of fatal head injuries, such as impact with a road surface or vehicle. The results indicated that head injuries were the most common cause of fatalities among the study group. At low vehicle travel speeds for both hood- and van-type vehicles, fatalities were most likely to be the result of head impacts against the road surface. The percentage of fatalities following hip injuries was significantly higher for cyclists aged 75 years and over than for those aged 65-74 or 13-59 in impacts with hood-type vehicles. It was also higher for women than men in the over-75 age group in impacts with these vehicles. For cyclists aged 75 years and over, wearing a helmet may be helpful to prevent head injuries in vehicle-to-cyclist accidents. It may also be helpful to introduce some safety measures to prevent hip injuries, given the higher level of fatalities following hip injury among all cyclists aged 75 and over, particularly women.
S. Bengmark; A. Gil
2007-01-01
Las enfermedades crónicas (EC) representan la principal causa de mortalidad en los países desarrollados. El aumento de la prevalencia de las enfermedades crónicas está asociado a cambios en los hábitos de vida, incluidos el aumento del consumo de los alimentos procesados. En estos se desarrollan compuestos avanzados de la glicación (AGE) y de la lipoxidación (ALE) como consecuencia de la reactividad de hidratos de carbono, proteínas, lípidos y otros componentes. El objetivo de la presente rev...
Accidental fatal lung injury by compressed air: a case report.
Rayamane, Anand Parashuram; Pradeepkumar, M V
2015-03-01
Compressed air is being used extensively as a source of energy at industries and in daily life. A variety of fatal injuries are caused by improper and ignorant use of compressed air equipments. Many types of injuries due to compressed air are reported in the literature such as colorectal injury, orbital injury, surgical emphysema, and so on. Most of these injuries are accidental in nature. It is documented that 40 pounds per square inch pressure causes fatal injuries to the ear, eyes, lungs, stomach, and intestine. Openings of body are vulnerable to injuries by compressed air. Death due to compressed air injuries is rarely reported. Many cases are treated successfully by conservative or surgical management. Extensive survey of literature revealed no reports of fatal injury to the upper respiratory tract and lungs caused by compressed air. Here, we are reporting a fatal event of accidental death after insertion of compressed air pipe into the mouth. The postmortem findings are corroborated with the history and discussed in detail.
Obesidad en edad escolar: una propuesta de intervención para prevenir y reducir sus consecuencias
López Gómez, Alba
2014-01-01
Las consecuencias de la obesidad hacen de esta enfermedad uno de los mayores retos de la salud pública para el siglo XXI. Existen unos cambios alimentarios que se combinan con cambios de conductas que suponen una reducción de la actividad física en el trabajo y durante el tiempo de ocio. El ocio en la infancia es cada vez más sedentario, por ello trataremos en el siguiente trabajo de prevenir la obesidad y el sobrepeso desde la Educación y de forma más concreta desde la Educación física. ...
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Alejandra González
2011-12-01
Full Text Available La trombolisis se usa como estrategia de reperfusión coronaria en el infarto agudo de miocardio. El sangrado es su principal complicación; la mayoría ocurre en los sitios de accesos venosos y es leve, pero también pueden presentarse hemorragia gastrointestinal, retroperitoneal, genitourinaria, pulmonar y a nivel del sistema nervioso central, episodios estos generalmente de mayor gravedad y a veces fatales. Se describe aquí el caso de un paciente que recibió terapia trombolítica con estreptoquinasa como tratamiento por un infarto de miocardio, y que posteriormente desarrolló insuficiencia respiratoria aguda, infiltrados pulmonares bilaterales, caída del hematocrito y aumento de la difusión de monóxido de carbono, cuadro compatible con diagnóstico de hemorragia alveolar.Coronary thrombolysis is used as a strategy for coronary reperfusion for acute myocardial infarction. Bleeding is the main complication described. Although most of these events occur at sites of vascular access and are mild, in some cases gastrointestinal, retroperitoneal, genitourinary, lung and central nervous system bleeding may occur. These episodes are usually serious and sometimes fatal. The following report describes the case of a patient who received thrombolytic therapy with streptokinase as a treatment for myocardial infarction. Subsequently he developed acute respiratory failure, bilateral pulmonary infiltrates and fall of hematocrit compatible with diagnosis of alveolar hemorrhage.
The profile of wounding in civilian public mass shooting fatalities.
Smith, Edward Reed; Shapiro, Geoff; Sarani, Babak
2016-07-01
The incidence and severity of civilian public mass shootings (CPMS) continue to rise. Initiatives predicated on lessons learned from military woundings have placed strong emphasis on hemorrhage control, especially via use of tourniquets, as means to improve survival. We hypothesize that both the overall wounding pattern and the specific fatal wounds in CPMS events are different from those in military combat fatalities and thus may require a new management strategy. A retrospective study of autopsy reports for all victims involved in 12 CPMS events was performed. Civilian public mass shootings was defined using the FBI and the Congressional Research Service definition. The site of injury, probable site of fatal injury, and presence of potentially survivable injury (defined as survival if prehospital care is provided within 10 minutes and trauma center care within 60 minutes of injury) was determined independently by each author. A total 139 fatalities consisting of 371 wounds from 12 CPMS events were reviewed. All wounds were due to gunshots. Victims had an average of 2.7 gunshots. Relative to military reports, the case fatality rate was significantly higher, and incidence of potentially survivable injuries was significantly lower. Overall, 58% of victims had gunshots to the head and chest, and only 20% had extremity wounds. The probable site of fatal wounding was the head or chest in 77% of cases. Only 7% of victims had potentially survivable wounds. The most common site of potentially survivable injury was the chest (89%). No head injury was potentially survivable. There were no deaths due to exsanguination from an extremity. The overall and fatal wounding patterns following CPMS are different from those resulting from combat operations. Given that no deaths were due to extremity hemorrhage, a treatment strategy that goes beyond use of tourniquets is needed to rescue the few victims with potentially survivable injuries. Prognostic/epidemiologic study, level IV
Ortmann, C; Fechner, G; Bajanowski, T; Brinkmann, B
2001-01-01
Maltreatment of the elderly is a common problem that affects more than 3% of the elderly. We report on two cases of fatal neglect. Risk factors of victims and caregivers were analysed in the context of the social history. In both cases, the victims had a dominant personality and the abusers (the sons) had been strictly controlled and formed by the parent. The victims showed typical risk factors such as living together with the abuser, isolation, dependence on care, income and money administration. Initially, the victims declined help from outside and self-neglect occurred. The unemployed perpetrators lived in social isolation and depended financially and mentally on the victims. In both cases no mental illness was present but there was a decrease of social competence. Legal medicine is predominantly involved in fatal cases in connection with external post-mortem examinations and autopsies. Also in the living, the medico-legal expert can assist in the identification of findings in elderly persons in cases of suspected abuse.
Effect of mobile phone proliferation on crash notification times and fatality rates.
Stickles, Jimmy L; Kempema, James M; Brown, Lawrence H
2018-01-01
The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether increased proliferation of mobile telephones has been associated with decreased MVC notification times and/or decreased MVC fatality rates in the United States (US). We used World Bank annual mobile phone market penetration data and US Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) fatal MVC data for 1994-2014. For each year, phone proliferation was measured as mobile phones per 100 population. FARS data were used to calculate MVC notification time (time EMS notified - time MVC occurred) in minutes, and to determine the MVC fatality rate per billion vehicle miles traveled (BVMT). We used basic vector auto-regression modeling to explore relationships between changes in phone proliferation and subsequent changes in median and 90th percentile MVC notification times, as well as MVC fatality rates. From 1994 to 2014, larger year-over-year increases in phone proliferation were associated with larger decreases in 90th percentile notification times for MVCs occurring during daylight hours (p=0.004) and on the national highway system (p=0.046) two years subsequent, and crashes off the national highway system three years subsequent (p=0.023). There were no significant associations between changes in phone proliferation and subsequent changes in median crash notification times, nor with subsequent changes in MVC fatality rates. Between 1994 and 2014 increased mobile phone proliferation in the U.S. was associated with shorter 90th percentile EMS notification times for some subgroups of fatal MVCs, but not with decreases in median notification times or overall MVC fatality rates. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Guidelines for Mass Fatality Management During Terrorist Incidents Involving Chemical Agents
National Research Council Canada - National Science Library
2003-01-01
.... Outside the United States, an earthquake in India produced over 30,000 fatalities in 2001, while an earthquake in El Salvador the same year produced close to 1,000 fatalities. In Bhopal, India (1984...
The distribution of fatal risk in Ontario industries
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Davis, C.K.; Forbes, W.F.; Hayward, L.M.
1986-09-01
The purpose of this study was to estimate non-radiological risks of occupational fatalities in Ontario industries. The distribution of high-risk occupations was found to vary widely between the different industries for a number of reasons including the fact that insufficient data in some instances resulted in less than desirable reliability. However, in spite of various data limitations, a number of occupations had above average fatal risk rates in several industries, including Material Handlers and Related, N.E.C. (SOC-9319), Welders and Flame Cutters (SOC-8335), Truck Drivers (SOC-9175) and Mechanics and Repairmen, except Electrical (SOC-8589). The majority of occupations had rates below or close to the industry average; however, between 15% and 30% of the occupations in any given industry had fatal risk rates above the industry average. When the number of workers involved in different occupations was considered, between 18% and 40% of workers were in occupations with above average risk. Recommendations for future work are also provided
Gasoline Prices and Their Relationship to Rising Motorcycle Fatalities, 1990–2007
Stimpson, Jim P.; Hilsenrath, Peter E.
2009-01-01
Motor vehicle accidents are the leading cause of death among young adults. Although automobile fatalities have declined in recent years, motorcycle fatalities are rapidly increasing. The purpose of our research was to quantify the relationship between changing fuel prices and motorcycle fatalities. Our findings suggest that people increasingly rely on motorcycles to reduce their fuel costs in response to rising gasoline prices. We estimate that use of motorcycles and scooters instead of 4-wheeled vehicles results in over 1500 additional motorcycle fatalities annually for each dollar increase in gas prices. Motorcycle safety should receive more attention as a leading public health issue. PMID:19696374
Drug and Alcohol Involvement in Four Types of Fatal Crashes*
Romano, Eduardo; Voas, Robert B.
2011-01-01
Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the relationship of drunk and drugged driving to the occurrence of fatal crashes associated with speeding, failure to obey/yield, inattention, and seat belt nonuse. Method: We examined data for fatally injured drivers involved in single-vehicle crashes killed in states in which more than 79% of the drivers were tested for drugs other than alcohol and had a known result. Results: About 25% of the drivers tested positive for drugs, a figure almost double that estimated by the 2007 National Roadside Survey. Cannabinoids and stimulants each contributed to about 23% of the drug-positive results (6% among all fatally injured single-vehicle drivers). Stimulants more than cannabinoids were found to be associated with the four types of crashes under study. Some drugs showed a protective effect over the four crash types under study. Significant interactions between drugs and alcohol were observed. Stimulants contributed to the different types of fatal crashes irrespective of the levels of alcohol consumed by the drivers. Conclusions: This study provides further evidence of a link between drug consumption and fatal crashes. It also opens the door to some interesting and sometimes unexpected questions regarding the way drugs contribute to crashes, which we found varies depending on the type of crash considered, the class of drug, and the presence of alcohol. Research is also needed on drugs that could have a protective effect on the occurrence of fatal crashes. These findings could be highly relevant to the design of drug-related traffic laws and programs targeted at curbing drugged driving. PMID:21683038
Cathelicidin Insufficiency in Patients with Fatal Leptospirosis.
Lindow, Janet C; Wunder, Elsio A; Popper, Stephen J; Min, Jin-Na; Mannam, Praveen; Srivastava, Anup; Yao, Yi; Hacker, Kathryn P; Raddassi, Khadir; Lee, Patty J; Montgomery, Ruth R; Shaw, Albert C; Hagan, Jose E; Araújo, Guilherme C; Nery, Nivison; Relman, David A; Kim, Charles C; Reis, Mitermayer G; Ko, Albert I
2016-11-01
Leptospirosis causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide; however, the role of the host immune response in disease progression and high case fatality (>10-50%) is poorly understood. We conducted a multi-parameter investigation of patients with acute leptospirosis to identify mechanisms associated with case fatality. Whole blood transcriptional profiling of 16 hospitalized Brazilian patients with acute leptospirosis (13 survivors, 3 deceased) revealed fatal cases had lower expression of the antimicrobial peptide, cathelicidin, and chemokines, but more abundant pro-inflammatory cytokine receptors. In contrast, survivors generated strong adaptive immune signatures, including transcripts relevant to antigen presentation and immunoglobulin production. In an independent cohort (23 survivors, 22 deceased), fatal cases had higher bacterial loads (P = 0.0004) and lower anti-Leptospira antibody titers (P = 0.02) at the time of hospitalization, independent of the duration of illness. Low serum cathelicidin and RANTES levels during acute illness were independent risk factors for higher bacterial loads (P = 0.005) and death (P = 0.04), respectively. To investigate the mechanism of cathelicidin in patients surviving acute disease, we administered LL-37, the active peptide of cathelicidin, in a hamster model of lethal leptospirosis and found it significantly decreased bacterial loads and increased survival. Our findings indicate that the host immune response plays a central role in severe leptospirosis disease progression. While drawn from a limited study size, significant conclusions include that poor clinical outcomes are associated with high systemic bacterial loads, and a decreased antibody response. Furthermore, our data identified a key role for the antimicrobial peptide, cathelicidin, in mounting an effective bactericidal response against the pathogen, which represents a valuable new therapeutic approach for leptospirosis.
Cathelicidin Insufficiency in Patients with Fatal Leptospirosis.
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Janet C Lindow
2016-11-01
Full Text Available Leptospirosis causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide; however, the role of the host immune response in disease progression and high case fatality (>10-50% is poorly understood. We conducted a multi-parameter investigation of patients with acute leptospirosis to identify mechanisms associated with case fatality. Whole blood transcriptional profiling of 16 hospitalized Brazilian patients with acute leptospirosis (13 survivors, 3 deceased revealed fatal cases had lower expression of the antimicrobial peptide, cathelicidin, and chemokines, but more abundant pro-inflammatory cytokine receptors. In contrast, survivors generated strong adaptive immune signatures, including transcripts relevant to antigen presentation and immunoglobulin production. In an independent cohort (23 survivors, 22 deceased, fatal cases had higher bacterial loads (P = 0.0004 and lower anti-Leptospira antibody titers (P = 0.02 at the time of hospitalization, independent of the duration of illness. Low serum cathelicidin and RANTES levels during acute illness were independent risk factors for higher bacterial loads (P = 0.005 and death (P = 0.04, respectively. To investigate the mechanism of cathelicidin in patients surviving acute disease, we administered LL-37, the active peptide of cathelicidin, in a hamster model of lethal leptospirosis and found it significantly decreased bacterial loads and increased survival. Our findings indicate that the host immune response plays a central role in severe leptospirosis disease progression. While drawn from a limited study size, significant conclusions include that poor clinical outcomes are associated with high systemic bacterial loads, and a decreased antibody response. Furthermore, our data identified a key role for the antimicrobial peptide, cathelicidin, in mounting an effective bactericidal response against the pathogen, which represents a valuable new therapeutic approach for leptospirosis.
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Adriana Marrero
2007-01-01
Full Text Available En los últimos años, el capital social ha dejado de ser un concepto teórico para expli - car los mecanismos de transmisión y ampliación del capital y de invisibilización de esos procesos, para convertirse en un modelo de desarrollo para los más pobres. Esta transformación, que es con - comitante al retiro del Estado como impulsor de políticas públicas en el contexto del capitalismo global, tiene importantes consecuencias teóricas y prácticas que es necesario examinar con el fin de evaluar su pertinencia y su adecuación para la superación de la pobreza y de la desigualdad social. En este artículo se examinan algunos as - pectos críticos de este modelo, a partir de los re - sultados de una investigación empírica.
Fatal interstitial lung disease associated with icotinib.
Zhang, Jiexia; Zhan, Yangqing; Ouyang, Ming; Qin, Yinyin; Zhou, Chengzhi; Chen, Rongchang
2014-12-01
The most serious, and maybe fatal, yet rare, adverse reaction of gefitinib and erlotinib is drug-associated interstitial lung disease (ILD), which has been often described. However, it has been less well described for icotinib, a similar orally small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). The case of a 25-year-old female patient with stage IV lung adenocarcinoma who developed fatal ILD is reported here. She denied chemotherapy, and received palliative treatment with icotinib (125 mg po, three times daily) on March 1, 2013. One month after treatment initiation, the patient complained of continuous dry cough and rapid progressive dyspnea. Forty one days after icotinib treatment, icotinib associated ILD was suspected when the patient became increasingly dyspnoeic despite of treatment of pericardial effusion, left pleural effusion and lower respiratory tract infection, and X-ray computed tomography (CT) of chest revealed multiple effusion shadows and ground-glass opacities in bilateral lungs. Then, icotinib was discontinued and intravenous corticosteroid was started (methylprednisolone 40 mg once daily, about 1 mg per kilogram) respectively. Forty three days after icotinib treatment, the patient died of hypoxic respiratory failure. ILD should be considered as a rare, but often fatal side effect associated with icotinib treatment.
Farmer, C M
2001-05-01
Fatal crash rates for passenger cars and vans were compared for the last model year before four-wheel antilock brakes were introduced and the first model year for which antilock brakes were standard equipment. A prior study, based on fatal crash experience through 1995, reported that vehicle models with antilock brakes were more likely than identical but 1-year-earlier models to be involved in crashes fatal to their own occupants, but were less likely to be involved in crashes fatal to occupants of other vehicles. Overall, there was no significant effect of antilocks on the likelihood of fatal crashes. Similar analyses, based on fatal crash experience during 1996-98, yielded very different results. During 1996-98, vehicles with antilock brakes were again less likely than earlier models to be involved in crashes fatal to occupants of other vehicles, but they were no longer overinvolved in crashes fatal to their own occupants.
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Richard Hugues
2006-11-01
Full Text Available Abstract Background Patterns of care for acute myocardial infarction (AMI strongly depend on the availability of on-site cardiac catheterization facilities. Although the management found at hospitals without on-site catheterization does not lead to increased mortality, little it known about its impact on resource utilization and non-fatal outcomes. Methods We identified all patients (n = 35,289 admitted with a first AMI in the province of Quebec between January 1, 1996 and March 31, 1999 using population-based administrative databases. Medical resource utilization and non-fatal and fatal outcomes were compared among patients admitted to hospitals with and without on-site cardiac catheterization facilities. Results Cardiac catheterization and PCI were more frequently performed among patients admitted to hospitals with catheterization facilities. However, non-invasive procedures were not used more frequently at hospitals without catheterization facilities. To the contrary, echocardiography [odds ratio (OR, 2.04; 95% confidence interval (CI, 1.93–2.16] and multi-gated acquisition imaging (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.17–1.32 were used more frequently at hospitals with catheterization, and exercise treadmill testing (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.91–1.15 and Sestamibi/Thallium imaging (OR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.88–0.98 were used similarly at hospitals with and without catheterization. Use of anti-ischemic medications and frequency of emergency room and physician visits, were similar at both types of institutions. Readmission rates for AMI-related cardiac complications and mortality were also similar [adjusted hazard ratio, recurrent AMI: 1.02, 95% CI, 0.89–1.16; congestive heart failure: 1.02; 95% CI, 0.90–1.15; unstable angina: 0.93; 95% CI, 0.85–1.02; mortality: 0.99; 95% CI, 0.93–1.05]. Conclusion Although on-site availability of cardiac catheterization facilities is associated with greater use of invasive cardiac procedures, non-availability of
Individual and occupational factors related to fatal occupational injuries: a case-control study.
Villanueva, Vicent; Garcia, Ana M
2011-01-01
This study has been designed in order to identify factors increasing the risk of a fatal outcome when occupational accidents occur. The aim is to provide further evidence for the design and implementation of preventive measures in occupational settings. The Spanish Ministry of Labour registry of occupational injuries causing absence from work includes information on individual and occupational characteristics of injured workers and events. Registered fatal occupational injuries in 2001 (n=539) were compared to a sample of non-fatal injuries in the same year (n=3493). Risks for a fatal result of occupational injuries, adjusted by individual and occupational factors significantly associated, were obtained through logistic regression models. Compared to non-fatal injuries, fatal occupational injuries were mostly produced by trapping or by natural causes, mostly related to elevation and transport devices and power generators, and injured parts of body more frequently affected were head, multiple parts or internal organs. Adjusted analyses showed increased risk of fatality after an occupational injury for males (adjusted odds ratio aOR=10.92; 95%CI 4.80-24.84) and temporary workers (aOR=5.18; 95%CI 2.63-10.18), and the risk increased with age and with advancing hour of the work shift (p for trends accidents in agricultural or construction companies. These data can help to select and define priorities for programmes aimed to prevent fatal consequences of occupational injuries. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Pazmiño Ochoa, Jorge Augusto
2012-01-01
La investigación presentada parte de la definición del derecho a una vivienda digna y cómo este se configura como un derecho social fundamental a lo largo del discurso de los derechos humanos. Posteriormente se aborda la problemática del desplazamiento forzado en Colombia como consecuencia directa de la violencia, estableciendo sus orígenes, su dinámica espacial en el país y sus consecuencias. Se pone en evidencia la masiva movilización de la población rural afectada a las áreas urbanas,...
Pérez Martínez, Pedro; Monzón de Cáceres, Andrés
2011-01-01
El trabajo demuestra que las concentraciones de óxido de azufre y monóxido de carbono han disminuido como consecuencia de los incrementos de la calidad de los combustibles y de las normas de emisión de los vehículos desarrollados durante el periodo de estudio. Sin embargo, las concentraciones de los óxidos de nitrógeno, partículas materiales y ozono se han mantenido constantes pese a la mejora de las emisiones por vehículo, como consecuencia del aumento de la movilidad. Además, las concentra...
Ayllón Fernández, Daniel
2011-01-01
La capacidad de carga de un río se define como la mayor abundancia de peces, ya sea en términos de densidad o biomasa, que dicho río puede soportar en condiciones naturales durante el periodo de menor hábitat disponible. La capacidad de carga permite, en consecuencia, conocer la abundancia potencial que pueden albergar los sistemas fluviales y, por tanto, evaluar el estado de conservación de las poblaciones y analizar los cambios producidos en ellas como consecuencia de alteraciones en el háb...
Review of fatal and severe cases of box jellyfish envenomation in Thailand.
Thaikruea, Lakkana; Siriariyaporn, Potjaman; Wutthanarungsan, Rochana; Smithsuwan, Punnarai
2015-03-01
The study aimed to describe severe and fatal cases of box jellyfish stings in Thailand. Medical records were reviewed and patients, relatives, health staffs, and witnesses were interviewed. The pictures of suspected box jellyfish were sent via e-mail to experts in the toxic jellyfish network for further identification. There were at least 8 cases of box jellyfish envenomation, with 4 fatal and 4 near-fatal cases. There were an equal number of male and female patients from 4 to 26 years of age. In each case, there was immediate severe pain followed by systemic reactions. Immediately after exposure to the sting, 7 victims collapsed experiencing severe pain at the tentacle marks, respiratory failure, and cardiac arrest. All patients had tentacle marks on their bodies. In none of the fatal cases was vinegar applied to the tentacle marks as first aid, but 3 out of the 4 near-fatal cases were treated with a vinegar application. © 2012 APJPH.
Trends and factors associated with dengue mortality and fatality in Brazil
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Enny Santos Paixão
2015-08-01
Full Text Available AbstractINTRODUCTION:Studies that generate information that may reduce the dengue death risk are essential. This study analyzed time trends and risk factors for dengue mortality and fatality in Brazil from 2001 to 2011.METHODS:Time trends for dengue mortality and fatality rates were analyzed using simple linear regression. Associations between the dengue mortality and the case fatality rates and socioeconomic, demographic, and health care indicators at the municipality level were analyzed using negative binomial regression.RESULTS:The dengue hemorrhagic fever case fatality rate increased in Brazil from 2001 to 2011 (β=0.67; p=0.036, in patients aged 0-14 years (β=0.48; p=0.030 and in those aged ≥15 years (β=1.1; p<0.01. Factors associated with the dengue case fatality rate were the average income per capita (MRR=0.99; p=0.038 and the number of basic health units per population (MRR=0.89; p<0.001. Mortality rates increased from 2001 to 2011 (β=0.350; p=0.002.Factors associated with mortality were inequality (RR=1.02; p=0.001 high income per capita (MRR=0.99; p=0.005, and higher proportions of populations living in urban areas (MRR=1.01; p<0.001.CONCLUSIONS:The increases in the dengue mortality and case fatality rates and the associated socioeconomic and health care factors, suggest the need for structural and intersectoral investments to improve living conditions and to sustainably reduce these outcomes.
La canción social como expresión de inconformismo social y político en el siglo XX
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Miryam Ibeth Robayo Pedraza
2015-11-01
Full Text Available Este artículo, producto de la tesis de maestría “El imaginario social y político presente en la canción social o protesta en Colombia durante el periodo comprendido de 1960 – 1970”, muestra el papel preponderante que la canción protesta ha jugado en la historia de América Latina, al recoger las expresiones de inconformismo social que marcaron su época de apogeo entre los años 60 y 80 (cuando la izquierda ganaba terreno político como resultado del subdesarrollo, la creciente miseria, el descontento de la población y la falta de liderazgo de los mandatarios de la región, quienes fueron incapaces de plantear alternativas que permitieran superar estas problemáticas. La canción social se alimentó de la lírica universitaria, del sindicalismo, de las injusticias cotidianas, alentando la lucha por ideales, poderes y pertinencias, con un vocabulario y expresión acordes. El género decae hacia los años 80 como consecuencia de las crisis económicas y la llegada de las dictaduras, y su silenciamiento, así como el asesinato o exilio de sus intérpretes, acompaña la estrangulación de cualquier anhelo de cambio revolucionario en el continente.
El discurso patriarcal y sus consecuencias
Mendiguibel, Francisco
2016-01-01
Este artículo analiza cómo los medios comunicacionales (como potenciales creadores de sentido) justifican la violencia hacia la mujer. En un contexto donde se ha avanzado con respecto a la problemática de los femicidios, las ideas conservadoras de los medios han superpuesto la violencia por sobre los derechos. La comunicación es algo serio y la elección de las palabras no son inocentes. A través de tres notas, veremos el peso de las palabras y el sentido que los medios intentan promulgar. ...
The effectiveness of automatic belts in reducing fatality rates in Toyota Cressidas.
Nash, C E
1989-12-01
Toyota Cressidas have had motor driven automatic belts since 1981. Their observed use rates have been consistently close to 100%. This paper compares fatality rates in Toyota Cressidas with those in the similar Nissan Maximas (which are equipped with three-point manual belts) using the latest data from the Fatal Accident Reporting System. After making adjustments for differences in the average ages of front seat occupants of the two fleets, the Toyotas have a fatality rate that is about three-quarters that of the Nissans. From this, the fatality-reducing effectiveness for the Toyota automatic belts is estimated to be 40% with an uncertainty of +/- 8%. This effectiveness estimate is consistent with earlier estimates of automatic belt effectiveness.
Linares Baquero, Deissy Catalina
2013-01-01
El fin de la Guerra Fría supuso no sólo el triunfo del capitalismo y de la democracia liberal, sino un cambio significativo en el Sistema Internacional; siendo menos centralizado y más regionalizado, como consecuencia de la proximidad y relaciones de interdependencia entre sus actores (no sólo Estados) y permitiendo la formación de Complejos Regionales de Seguridad (CRS). Los CRS son una forma efectiva de relacionarse y aproximarse a la arena internacional pues a través de sus procesos de...
Understanding fatal older road user crash circumstances and risk factors.
Koppel, Sjaan; Bugeja, Lyndal; Smith, Daisy; Lamb, Ashne; Dwyer, Jeremy; Fitzharris, Michael; Newstead, Stuart; D'Elia, Angelo; Charlton, Judith
2018-02-28
This study used medicolegal data to investigate fatal older road user (ORU) crash circumstances and risk factors relating to four key components of the Safe System approach (e.g., roads and roadsides, vehicles, road users, and speeds) to identify areas of priority for targeted prevention activity. The Coroners Court of Victoria's Surveillance Database was searched to identify coronial records with at least one deceased ORU in the state of Victoria, Australia, for 2013-2014. Information relating to the ORU, crash characteristics and circumstances, and risk factors was extracted and analyzed. The average rate of fatal ORU crashes per 100,000 population was 8.1 (95% confidence interval [CI] 6.0-10.2), which was more than double the average rate of fatal middle-aged road user crashes (3.6, 95% CI 2.5-4.6). There was a significant relationship between age group and deceased road user type (χ 2 (15, N = 226) = 3.56, p road" (87.0%), on roads that were paved (94.2%), dry (74.2%), and had light traffic volume (38.3%). Road user error was identified by the police and/or coroner for the majority of fatal ORU crashes (57.9%), with a significant proportion of deceased ORU deemed to have "misjudged" (40.9%) or "failed to yield" (37.9%). Road user error was the most significant risk factor identified in fatal ORU crashes, which suggests that there is a limited capacity of the Victorian road system to fully accommodate road user errors. Initiatives related to safer roads and roadsides, vehicles, and speed zones, as well as behavioral approaches, are key areas of priority for targeted activity to prevent fatal older road user crashes in the future.
Pharyngitis – fatal infectious disease or medical error?
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Marta Rorat
2015-08-01
Full Text Available Reporting on adverse events is essential to create a culture of safety, which focuses on protecting doctors and patients from medical errors. We present a fatal case of Streptococcus C pharyngitis in a 56-year-old man. The clinical course and the results of additional diagnostics and autopsy showed that sepsis followed by multiple organ failure was the ultimate cause of death. The clinical course appeared fatal due to a chain of adverse events, including errors made by the physicians caring for the patient for 10 days.
Fatal motorcycle crashes: a growing public health problem in Cambodia.
Roehler, Douglas R; Ear, Chariya; Parker, Erin M; Sem, Panhavuth; Ballesteros, Michael F
2015-01-01
This study examines the risk characteristics of fatal motorcycle crashes in Cambodia over a 5-year period (2007-2011). Secondary data analyses were conducted using the Cambodia Road Crash and Victim Information System, the only comprehensive and integrated road crash surveillance system in the country. Researchers from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Handicap International found that (1) males are dying in motorcycle crashes roughly seven times more frequently than females; (2) motorcyclist fatalities increased by about 30% from 2007 to 2011; (3) the motorcyclist death rates per 100,000 population increased from 7.4 to 8.7 deaths from 2007 to 2011; and (4) speed-related crashes and not wearing motorcycle helmet were commonly reported for motorcyclist fatalities at approximately 50% and over 80% through the study years, respectively. Additionally, this study highlights that Cambodia has the highest motorcycle death rate in South-East Asia, far surpassing Thailand, Malaysia, and Myanmar. By recognising the patterns of fatal motorcycle crashes in Cambodia, local road-safety champions and stakeholders can design targeted interventions and preventative measures to improve road safety among motorcyclists.
Fatal occupational accidents in Danish fishing vessels 1989-2005
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Laursen, Lise Hedegaard; Hansen, Henrik L; Jensen, Olaf
2008-01-01
training for all fishermen and improved safety measures are needed, especially in the underscored areas of sea disasters concerning small vessels and occupational accidents on big vessels. Better registration of time at risk for fishermen is needed to validate the effect of the safety measures......./capsizing due to stability changes in rough weather and collisions; 39 fatal occupational accidents mainly occurred on the larger inspection obligated trawlers during fishing. In the remaining 14 other fatal accidents, the main causal factors were difficult embarking/disembarking conditions by darkness...... in foreign ports and alcohol intoxication. In the period 1995-2005, the overall incidence rate was 10 per 10,000 fishermen per year with no down-going trend during that period. The fatal accident rates are still too high, despite the efforts to reduce the risk. Increased focus on regular and repeated safety...
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Fernanda Moura D'Almeida Miranda
2012-06-01
Full Text Available Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental, quantitativa, descritiva, retrospectiva sobre os acidentes de trabalho fatais ocorridos no período de 2006 a 2010 e cujos trabalhadores foram atendidos no Hospital do Trabalhador, localizado em Curitiba/Paraná. Foram selecionadas 25 fichas de notificação pelo desfecho óbito. Objetivou-se caracterizar as vítimas e os acidentes de trabalho fatais. Os acidentes de trabalho fatais atingiram trabalhadores com idade média de 35 anos (desvio padrão=13,0694, do gênero masculino n=23 (92%. Os acidentes de trabalho típicos representaram n=13 (52% dos casos. Uma das medidas preventivas propostas para reduzir esse número de acidentes de trabalho fatais é a realização de um trabalho educativo e preventivo nos ambientes de trabalho, pelos profissionais enfermeiros. Além disso, é necessário repensar a violência no trânsito também como um fator relevante de causa de morte de trabalhadores.Esta es una investigación cuantitativa descriptiva documental retrospectiva sobre los accidentes mortales se produjeron durante el período 2006 a 2010 y los trabajadores fueron tratados en el Hospital del Trabajador , ubicado en Curitiba / Paraná. Se seleccionaron 25 fichas de notificación por los resultados obtenidos. Se objetivo caracterizar a las víctimas y los accidentes de trabajo faltaless. Los accidentes laborales fatalçes alcanzaron a trabajadores coe edad promedio de 35 años (desvio patrón= 13,0694, del género masculino n=23 (92%. Los accidentes laborales típicos representaron n=13 (52% de los casos. Una de las medidas preventivas propuestas para reducir ese número de accidentes de trabajo fatales es la realización de um trabajo educativo y preventivo en los ambientes de trabajo, por los profesionales enfermeros. Además, es necesario repensar la violencia en el tránsito también un factor relevante de causa de muerte de trabajadores.This is a quantitative, descriptive, retrospective documental
Fatal Candidemia in a Patient with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
2018-02-16
Profoosionaf 7 ,0 Fatal Candidemia in a Patient with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Brittany Lenz, MD, Arturo Dominguez, MD, Adnan Mir, MD, PhD Objectives...with pre-B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia was admitted for presumed septic shock secondary to an unknown infectious etiology. The patient was...NOTES 14. ABSTRACT Fatal Candidcn1ia in a Patient \\\\ith Acute Lympboblastic Leukemia Brittany Lenz. MD. Arturo Dominguez.. MD. Adnan J’vlir. MD, PhD
Violent and Fatal Youth Trauma: Is There a Missed Opportunity?
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Robert Madlinger, DO
2012-05-01
Full Text Available Introduction: Accidents and assaults (homicides are the leading causes of death among the youth of the United States, accounting for 53.3% of deaths among children aged 1 to19 years. Victim recidivism,defined as repeated visits to the emergency department (ED as a victim of violent trauma, is a significantly growing public health problem. As 5-year mortality rates for recidivism are as high as 20%,it is important to determine whether victims with a history of violent trauma are at increased risk for fatal outcome with their next trauma. We hypothesized that victims of violent trauma who have had 1 prior ED visit for violent trauma will have increased odds of fatal outcome.Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted for patients presenting with penetrating trauma to the ED from January 1, 1999 to December 31, 2009. All patients between the ages of 15 to 25 years who presented to the ED for any penetrating trauma were included. Patients with prior presentations for penetrating trauma were compared to those patients who were first-time presenters to determine the odds ratio of fatal outcome.Results: Overall, 15,395 patients were treated for traumatic presentations. Of these, 1,044 met inclusion criteria. Demographically, 79.4% were Hispanic, 19.4% were African American, and 0.96% were Caucasian. The average age was 21 years, and 98% of the population was male. One hundred and forty-seven (14% had prior presentations, and 897 (86% did not. Forty of the 147 patients (27%with prior presentations had a fatal outcome as compared to 29 patients of the 868 (3% without prior presentations, with odds ratio of 10.8 (95% confidence interval, 6.4–18.1; Pearson v2, P , 0.001. The 5-year mortality rate for those patients with fatal outcomes was calculated at 16.5%.Conclusion: Patients who had prior ED visits for penetrating trauma were at greater risk for fatal outcomes compared to those with no prior visits. Therefore, trauma-related ED visits might
Caso fatal de balantidíase intestinal
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Maria da Conceição Pinheiro
1991-09-01
Full Text Available Caso fatal de balantidíase em mulher desnutrida de 63 anos, criadora de porcos, da zona rural de Uberaba. A doença evoluiu em oito dias com disenteria, náusea e vômitos, culminando em óbito por enterorragia. A necropsia constatou-se colite ulcerada causada por B. coli, facilmente identificado ao exame histológico do intestino grosso.A fatal case of a 63-year old pig-raising country woman with an eight-day course of nausea, vomiting. dysentery with intestinal bleeding the latter being the direct cause of death. The autopsy showed ulcerative colitis due to B. coli, which was easily observed on histological examination of the large bowel.
Effectiveness of antilock braking systems in reducing motorcycle fatal crash rates.
Teoh, Eric R
2011-04-01
Overbraking and underbraking have been shown to be common factors in motorcycle crashes. Antilock braking systems (ABS) prevent wheels from locking during braking and may make riders less reluctant to apply full braking force. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of ABS in fatal motorcycle crashes. Motorcycle drivers involved in fatal crashes per 10,000 registered vehicle years were compared for 13 motorcycle models with optional ABS and those same models without the option during 2003-2008. Motorcycles with optional ABS were included only if the presence of the option could be identified from the vehicle identification number. The rate of fatal motorcycle crashes per 10,000 registered vehicle years was 37 percent lower for ABS models than for their non-ABS versions. ABS appears to be highly effective in preventing fatal motorcycle crashes based on some early adopters of motorcycle ABS technology.
Las consecuencias económicas de un nombre atípico. El caso colombiano
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Alejandro Gaviria
2010-01-01
Full Text Available Este artículo examina las consecuencias en los ingresos laborales de tener un nombre atípico para el caso colombiano. La primera parte del artículo muestra que los jóvenes, hijos de padres no escolarizados, habitantes de zonas rurales y pertenecientes a minorías étnicas tienen una mayor probabilidad de tener un nombre atípico. La segunda parte muestra que el efecto de un nombre atípico en los salarios es grande (superior a 10% y que el mismo es mucho mayor para las personas escolarizadas que para los no escolarizadas. Los resultados sugieren la existencia de mecanismos de trasmisión intergeneracional distinto de los tradicionales (restricciones de crédito, mecanismos hereditarios, transferencias de ingresos, etc..
Causes of fatal accidents for instrument-certified and non-certified private pilots.
Shao, Bob Siyuan; Guindani, Michele; Boyd, Douglas D
2014-11-01
Instrument certification (IFR) enhances a pilot's skills in precisely controlling the aircraft and requires a higher level of standards in maintaining heading and altitude compared with the less stringent private pilot certificate. However, there have been no prior studies to compare fatal accident causes for airmen with, and without, this rating, The NTSB accident database was queried for general aviation fatal accidents for private pilots with, and without IFR certification. Exact Poisson tests were used to calculate whether two rate parameters were equal (ratio of 1), normalized to the number of IFR-rated pilots and flight hours in the given time period. Proportion tests were used to determine whether there were significant differences in fatal accident causes between IFR-certified and non-certified pilots. A logistic regression for log-odds success was used in determining the trend and effect of age on fatal accident rates. IFR certification was associated with a reduced risk of accidents due to failure to maintain obstacle/terrain clearance and spatial disorientation for day and night operations respectively. In contrast, the likelihood of fatal accident due to equipment malfunction during day operations was higher for IFR-certified pilots. The fatal accident rate decreased over the last decade for IFR-certified but not for non-IFR-certified private pilots. However, the overall accident rate for IFR-certified private pilots was more than double that of the cohort lacking this certification. Finally, we found a trend for an increased fatality rate with advancing age for both group of pilots. Our findings informs on where training and/or technology should be focused. Both training for aerodynamic stalls, which causes over a quarter of all fatal accidents, should be intensified for both IFR-certified and non-certified private pilots. Similarly, adherence to minimum safe altitudes for both groups of pilots should be encouraged toward reducing the fatal accidents
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Inmaculada González Pérez
2010-01-01
Full Text Available Diversas reflexiones han tenido lugar en torno a los conceptos de cultura y desarrollo a lo largo del presente siglo, influyendo en la cooperación educativa internacional. Se puede afirmar que ésta actualmente se rige por los Objetivos del Milenio y los establecidos en el «Programa de Educación para Todos», incorporando poco a poco el concepto del Desarrollo Humano Sostenible, dando cabida a la diversidad cultural como un aspecto sustancial de la sostenibilidad. Estos planteamientos teóricos tienen consecuencias directas en los programas y proyectos de cooperación educativa. A grandes rasgos, destacan iniciativas de educación intercultural y propuestas que priorizan la revalorización de las culturas, gozando de características comunes pero también de relevantes rasgos diferenciadores. Establecer estos encuentros y desencuentros será el objeto de este trabajo, con el propósito de aportar diversas perspectivas para la cooperación educativa internacional ante el reto actual de la sostenibilidad cultural y ambiental.Diverse reflections have been taken place around the concepts of culture and development during the present century, which have revealed deep influence on the International Cooperation in Education. Nowadays there is no doubt that this issue is governed by the so called Millenium Aids, and by those objectives such as the ones established in the «Programof Education for All». These two frames have gradually incorporated the concept of Sustainable Human Development, allowing the cultural diversity become a substantial aspect of sustainability.These theoretical reflections have direct consequences on the programs and projects involved in the Cooperation in Education. Broadly speaking, it can be stated that intercultural educational initiatives and proposals, while they have the revaluation of cultures as main priority, they both share common characteristics and reveal relevant differences. The objective of this analysis aims
Intergenerational differences in occupational injury and fatality rates among Canada's immigrants.
Tiagi, R
2016-12-01
Empirical evidence on occupational injury and/or fatality rates among Canada's immigrants has been largely mixed and has almost exclusively focused on the first generation. Over time, as immigrants assimilate into the economy, future generations may be expected to work in less hazardous occupations compared with prior generations. There has been no prior analysis of the differences in occupational injury and fatality rates among later generations. To analyse whether there are intergenerational differences in occupational injury and fatality rates among the first, second and third (or more) immigrant generations in Canada. Data drawn from the 2011 National Household Survey and the Association of Workers' Compensation Boards of Canada were used to determine the difference in occupational injury and fatality rates between the first or the third generation and the second generation, using a Poisson regression framework. Second-generation immigrants worked in jobs with lower occupational injury rates compared with the first generation and the third generation (or more). Similar results were observed for occupational fatality rates. Second-generation immigrants worked in less hazardous jobs compared with the first generation and compared with the third (or more) generations. These results suggest that the second generation may not face the same economic hurdles and challenges, in terms of workplace injuries or fatalities, as those faced by the first or third (or more) generations of immigrants. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Occupational Medicine. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.
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Carolina Soto
2014-07-01
Full Text Available El hombre ha introducido al ambiente una amplia gama de sustancias químicas que no están presentes en forma natural. Por esta razón existen múltiples factores estresores como la contaminación producto de las actividades productivas, que pueden ejercer efectos acumulativos y sinérgicos en el ambiente. En los ríos una de las razones de la degradación ambiental de sus sistemas acuáticos es producto de la expansión de las pisciculturas, puesto que sus efluentes son considerados como un potencial contribuyente de la alteración física como también química de los recursos hídricos; enriquecimiento de nutrientes en la recepción de las masas de agua, la eutrofización posterior ,cambios en la deriva de comunidades bentónicas y el estado ecológico perturbado según lo encontrado por publicaciones a nivel mundial .Es así como numerosos contaminantes ambientales (o sus metabolitos han mostrado ejercer efectos tóxicos a nivel sub-letal, relacionados a un proceso llamado estrés oxidativo. Una manera de evaluar los efectos derivados de las descargas de los cultivos acuícolas como desechos de alimentos, fármacos (anestésicos, antibióticos, antiparasitarios, es través del uso de biomarcadores en comunidades bentónicas, más específicamente determinar el estrés oxidativo producido por las descargas de efluentes, mediante ensayos enzimáticos para medir las principales defensas antioxidantes del organismo como son la Catalasa (CAT, guayacol peroxidasa (POD y Glutatión reductasa (Gpx, estimando las consecuencias biológicas de este tipo de contaminación mediante reacciones intra-celulares de los organismos bentónicos pertenecientes al sistema enzimático oxidante. Estableciendo un nuevo enfoque metodológico para determinar las respuestas de los organismos frente a los organismos estresores promoviendo la aplicación de biomarcadores integrales de efecto como herramienta de evaluación del estado de salud del ecosistema, entregando
Reflexiones acerca de las Dictaduras del Cono Sur como proyectos refundacionales
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Hernán Ramírez
2015-11-01
Full Text Available Las dictaduras fueron instaladas a partir de un diagnóstico común, según el cual existiría un círculo de radicalización que nos llevaba inexorablemente hacía el comunismo, lo que era vital quebrar. Primero de forma abrupta, a través de medios represivos; luego, en una tarea de más largo plazo, había que exorcizarlo mediante transformaciones estructurales, en todas las esferas de la vida societal, para que el mismo no pudiera reproducirse y así reconstituyera un tejido que se creía irremediablemente corrompido. Esa dupla función de los gobiernos autoritarios es conocida, pero aún hoy poco hemos explorado acerca de esa segunda intencionalidad, que pretendemos desvendar a grandes rasgos en el presente trabajo, enfocándolo desde los aspectos más relevantes de los proyectos refundacionales brasileño, chileno y argentino, esté último de la dictadura instaurada en 1976. Mediante ello pretendemos mostrar las dictaduras como eventos estructurales y no meras coyunturas, que produjeron resultados que calaron hondo, aunque no de modo homogéneo, y aún hoy hacen sentir sus consecuencias, al haber remodelado nuestras sociedades, en mayor o menor medida según los casos nacionales.
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María Victoria López
1996-02-01
Full Text Available Se analizaron las muertes registradas como homicidio en México de 1979-1992. El estudio se basó en fuente secundaria, siendo las variables analizadas: año, edad, sexo y causa externa de traumatismos y envenenamientos según CIE IX Rev.(E960-E969. Se utilizó un modelo de regresión Poisson para las causas más frecuentes, obteniendo riesgos relativos según edad y sexo. El grupo de referencia fue el de 10-14 años y el sexo femenino. Se registraron 198,485 muertes por Homicidio, con un promedio anual de 14,177 y diario de 39. La principal causa fue ataque con arma de fuego y explosivos(56%. El riesgo relativo más alto fue para el grupo de 35-39 años, con RR 15,4 IC(95% 14,9-16,0, en comparación al de referencia. El sexo masculino presentó un riesgo relativo 10,1 veces mayor que el femenino, ajustado por edad IC10.0-10.3. Los resultados llaman la atención sobre la necesidad de profundizar y analizar el problema de los homicidios bajo una perspectiva multidisciplinaria.A study of homicide in the population of Mexico, was undertaken for the purpose of discovering the mortality panorama by this cause during 1979-1992. Homicide mortality trends were analized, as well as the main causes by age and sex. Rate by cause and sex were also analized using a Poisson Regression model. The variables were: age, sex, year, external cause of intentional injuries ICD 9th. E960-E969. Results: The total number of deaths due to homicide was 198,485. Each day 35 persons die in Mexico as a result of homicide. Men were more affected than women with a RR of 10.1 and CI (95%14.9-16.0, adjusted for age. The main cause 56% was homicide by firearms and explosives.The high relative risk was for those aged from 35 to 39 with an RR of 15.4 CI 14.9-16.0. To the cause assault by other and unspecified means, the elderly population has a RR of 21.2 IC 19.7-22.9. Further research in the area and prevention should make use of a multidisciplinary approach in considering the
Characteristics, Classification, and Prevention of Child Maltreatment Fatalities.
McCarroll, James E; Fisher, Joscelyn E; Cozza, Stephen J; Robichaux, Renè J; Fullerton, Carol S
2017-01-01
Preventing child maltreatment fatalities is a critical goal of the U.S. society and the military services. Fatality review boards further this goal through the analysis of circumstances of child deaths, making recommendations for improvements in practices and policies, and promoting increased cooperation among the many systems that serve families. The purpose of this article is to review types of child maltreatment death, proposed classification models, risk and protective factors, and prevention strategies. This review is based on scientific and medical literature, national reports and surveys, and reports of fatality review boards. Children can be killed soon after birth or when older through a variety of circumstances, such as with the suicide of the perpetrator, or when the perpetrator kills the entire family. Death through child neglect may be the most difficult type of maltreatment death to identify as neglect can be a matter of opinion or societal convention. These deaths can occur as a result of infant abandonment, starvation, medical neglect, drowning, home fires, being left alone in cars, and firearms. Models of classification for child maltreatment deaths can permit definition and understanding of child fatalities by providing reference points that facilitate research and enhance clinical prediction. Two separate approaches have been proposed: the motives of the perpetrator and the circumstances of death of the child victim. The latter approach is broader and is founded on an ecological model focused on the nature and circumstances of death, child victim characteristics, perpetrator characteristics, family and environmental circumstances, and service provision and need. Many risk factors for maternal and paternal filicide have been found, but most often included are young maternal age, no prenatal care, low education level, mental health problems, family violence, and substance abuse. Many protective factors can be specified at the individual, family
Drug involvement of fatally injured drivers
2010-11-01
While data focusing on the danger of driving under the influence : of alcohol is readily available and often cited, less is : known or discussed about drivers under the influence of : other drugs. The Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), : a ce...
Jiménez Díaz, Rafael
2013-01-01
En este artículo se expone un caso clínico de ludopatía, en el que la conducta de juego impulsivo tenía consecuencias tanto positivas (a corto plazo) como negativas (a medio-largo plazo) para el sujeto. Debido a este conflicto entre consecuencias, cuando el sujeto experimentaba deseos de jugar intentaba controlar y/o evitar esta conducta, aunque esto en realidad empeoraba paradójicamente el problema, debido a las consecuencias negativas adicionales que el propio acto de control llevaba consig...
Evaluation of poly-drug use in methadone-related fatalities using segmental hair analysis.
Nielsen, Marie Katrine Klose; Johansen, Sys Stybe; Linnet, Kristian
2015-03-01
In Denmark, fatal poisoning among drug addicts is often related to methadone. The primary mechanism contributing to fatal methadone overdose is respiratory depression. Concurrent use of other central nervous system (CNS) depressants is suggested to heighten the potential for fatal methadone toxicity. Reduced tolerance due to a short-time abstinence period is also proposed to determine a risk for fatal overdose. The primary aims of this study were to investigate if concurrent use of CNS depressants or reduced tolerance were significant risk factors in methadone-related fatalities using segmental hair analysis. The study included 99 methadone-related fatalities collected in Denmark from 2008 to 2011, where both blood and hair were available. The cases were divided into three subgroups based on the cause of death; methadone poisoning (N=64), poly-drug poisoning (N=28) or methadone poisoning combined with fatal diseases (N=7). No significant differences between methadone concentrations in the subgroups were obtained in both blood and hair. The methadone blood concentrations were highly variable (0.015-5.3, median: 0.52mg/kg) and mainly within the concentration range detected in living methadone users. In hair, methadone was detected in 97 fatalities with concentrations ranging from 0.061 to 211ng/mg (median: 11ng/mg). In the remaining two cases, methadone was detected in blood but absent in hair specimens, suggesting that these two subjects were methadone-naive users. Extensive poly-drug use was observed in all three subgroups, both recently and within the last months prior to death. Especially, concurrent use of multiple benzodiazepines was prevalent among the deceased followed by the abuse of morphine, codeine, amphetamine, cannabis, cocaine and ethanol. By including quantitative segmental hair analysis, additional information on poly-drug use was obtained. Especially, 6-acetylmorphine was detected more frequently in hair specimens, indicating that regular abuse of
Unintentional, non-fatal drowning of children: US trends and racial/ethnic disparities.
Felton, Heather; Myers, John; Liu, Gil; Davis, Deborah Winders
2015-12-15
The current study aimed to better understand trends and risk factors associated with non-fatal drowning of infants and children in the USA using two large, national databases. A secondary data analysis was conducted using the National Inpatient Sample and the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample databases. The analytic sample (n=19,403) included children near-drowning/non-fatal drowning. Descriptive, χ(2) and analysis of variance techniques were applied, and incidence rates were calculated per 100,000 population. Non-fatal drowning incidence has remained relatively stable from 2006 to 2011. In general, the highest rates of non-fatal drowning occurred in swimming pools and in children from racial/ethnic minorities. However, when compared with non-Hispanic Caucasian children, children from racial/ethnic minorities were more likely to drown in natural waterways than in swimming pools. Despite the overall lower rate of non-fatal drowning among non-Hispanic Caucasian children, the highest rate of all non-fatal drowning was for non-Hispanic Caucasian children aged 0-4 years in swimming pools. Children who were admitted to inpatient facilities were younger, male and came from families with lower incomes. Data from two large US national databases show lack of progress in preventing and reducing non-fatal drowning admissions from 2006 to 2011. Discrepancies are seen in the location of drowning events and demographic characteristics. New policies and interventions are needed, and tailoring approaches by age and race/ethnicity may improve their effectiveness. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/
Fatal Rocky Mountain spotted fever in the United States, 1999-2007.
Dahlgren, F Scott; Holman, Robert C; Paddock, Christopher D; Callinan, Laura S; McQuiston, Jennifer H
2012-04-01
Death from Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is preventable with prompt, appropriate treatment. Data from two independent sources were analyzed to estimate the burden of fatal RMSF and identify risk factors for fatal RMSF in the United States during 1999-2007. Despite increased reporting of RMSF cases to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, no significant changes in the estimated number of annual fatal RMSF cases were found. American Indians were at higher risk of fatal RMSF relative to whites (relative risk [RR] = 3.9), and children less than 10 years of age (RR=5.1) [corrected] and adults ≥ 70 years of age (RR = 3.0) were also at increased risk relative to other ages. Persons with cases of RMSF with an immunosuppressive condition were at increased risk of death (RR = 4.4). Delaying treatment of RMSF was also associated with increased deaths. These results may indicate a gap between recommendations and practice.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Juan M. Leyva-Moral
2007-09-01
Full Text Available El silencio en el mundo laboral tiene importantes consecuencias en el proceso de toma de decisiones y puede interferir con la resolución de problemas. La literatura al respecto es escasa y en nuestro país prácticamente inexistente. Este artículo pretende explorar las razones por las que los empleados no expresan sus opiniones en el trabajo, así como sus consecuencias, adoptando el formato de revisión bibliográfica. Los empleados se muestran muy interesados en el futuro de su puesto de trabajo, en mantener buenas relaciones y en estar bien considerados. Esto puede provocar inhibición debido a una desvinculación, al miedo o a la cooperación. Todos los artículos utilizados en esta revisión provienen de revistas de economía y gestión inglesas y americanas, lo cual subraya la importante necesidad que estudios que exploren el silencio dentro de la enfermería en España.Silence in the workplace may have important consequences on the decision-making process and it may interfere with the solving-problems ability. There is a lack of evidence explorin this topic. Therefore, this literature review explores the reasons and implications of keeping silent in the workplace. The aim of this paper is to explore the reasons and the implications that silence has within the workplace. Employees are very interested in their workplace’s future, in keeping good relationships, and in being well considered, and it is precisely this position that is making them more inhibited in the workplace. Disengagement, fear and co-operation are the main reasons why people remain silent among employees in the workplace. All the articles used in this paper come from English and American business and management journals. This issue highlights the need of nursing research about the topic of discussion in Spain.
La Incapacidad laboral como indicador de gestión sanitaria
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José Manuel Vicente Pardo
2015-06-01
Full Text Available La incapacidad laboral es la situación de pérdida de la capacidad laboral consecuencia de las limitaciones funcionales derivadas de enfermedad o lesión sobrevenida, por lo que está relacionada de forma primordial y directa con la pérdida de la salud (limitación funcional con impedimento laboral, ya que sin esta pérdida no cabría la determinación de una situación de incapacidad. Por ello la incapacidad laboral tiene un elemento sanitario que conviene conocer y los datos derivados de la misma son útiles tanto por su valor como indicador de resultado de las acciones sanitarias, como por su referente como indicador de calidad de vida, pues su situación establece una merma de la calidad de vida básica y fundamentalmente la utilización de los datos de incapacidad como indicador para la gestión sanitaria de gran trascendencia y que obliga al tratamiento de la misma más allá de la simple cuantificación economicista que la priva de la trascendencia sanitaria que dimana de sus datos de salud la incapacidad laboral relacionados, incluyendo el elemental de la enfermedad o la lesión que se padece. El uso de los datos de incapacidad con fines de gestión exige el soporte informático adecuado que la facilite y dada su enorme escala y diversidad, ello sólo es posible con el uso de herramientas de tecnología informática como los "big data" que permitan la recogida, el archivo, comunicación, transferencia y análisis de los datos de incapacidad de enorme volumen y complejidad y su interrelación con otros para confeccionar el mapa de la incapacidad y convertirse en herramienta de planificación y estrategia de gestión sanitaria y de protección social. No obstante lo cual, y hasta que ello no esté disponible, es imprescindible y beneficioso, el uso del dato de incapacidad tipo y grado, asociado a diagnóstico y actividad laboral como un indicador de gestión. Conclusiones: La incapacidad es un indicador de resultado sanitario, un
Fatal outbreak of botulism in Greenland
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Hammer, Tóra Hedinsdottir; Jespersen, Sanne; Kanstrup, Jakob
2015-01-01
respiratory muscle paralysis. We present five cases of foodborne botulism occurring in Greenland, two with fatal outcome, caused by ingestion of tradionally preserved eider fowl. In the cases of the survivors, antitoxin and supportive care, including mechanical ventilation, were administered. In these cases...
Fatal anaphylactoid reaction following ioversol administration
Jansman, Frank G. A.; Kieft, Hans; Harting, Johannes W.
2007-01-01
We report a fatal intravenous ioversol administration in a 60-year old male patient. Although the introduction of new low-osmolar non-ionogenic contrast media with a more favourable efficacy-toxicity balance has diminished the side-effects significantly, everyone involved in radiodiagnostic
despenalización frente al estado clínico
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Israel José Pérez Calleja
2007-01-01
Full Text Available Este artículo pretende esbozar un análisis aproximativo sobre uno de los rasgos menos divulgados del pensamiento de Fernando Savater: el polémico asunto de la despenalización de prácticas personales como el consumo de drogas y las prácticas del aborto, la eutanasia y la clonación, dotadas aquéllas de una indudable y delicada dimensión ética. De esta manera, en el presente escrito trazaremos, de la mano del filósofo vasco, un estado general de la cuestión, así como las razones que sustentan su posición, en la mayoría de los casos muy favorable y en otros condicionada, acerca de la necesidad de legalizar unas conductas que, independientemente de la actual legislación prohibicionista, se vienen sucediendo en la clandestinidad con funestas consecuencias; todo lo cual articulado en torno a una cuestión capital que gravita permanentemente en la tesis propuesta por el autor: la crítica del Estado Clínico o Terapéutico como fatal institución intervencionista que, desde el ámbito de la salud, constriñe la autonomía y libertad del individuo, esfera personal en la que el pensador sitúa este tipo de decisiones individuales.
Consecuencias del estrés de rol Consequences of role stress
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Fernando Mansilla Izquierdo
2011-12-01
Full Text Available El estrés de rol es específicamente el que se origina por el desempeño de roles en la organización, y comprende tanto la ambigüedad de rol como el conflicto de rol. Objetivo: Evaluar la ambigüedad y el conflicto de rol de un grupo de profesionales que realizan diferentes puestos de trabajo, y su influencia sobre sus niveles de bienestar físico y psicológico. Material y método: Para evaluar los estresores de rol (Ambigüedad de Rol y Conflicto de Rol se ha utilizado el Cuestionario de Rizzo, House y Lirtzman. Y para establecer las consecuencias el Cuestionario de Síntomas SLC-90-R. Resultados: El 20% de la muestra percibía ambigüedad y conflicto de rol en su trabajo. Y formaron el grupo que puntuó alto en ambigüedad y conflicto de rol puntuó asimismo alto en todas las subescalas: Somatización, de Obsesión-Compulsión, de Sensibilidad Interpersonal, Depresión, Ansiedad, Hostilidad, Ansiedad Fóbica, Ideación Paranoide y de Psicoticismo. Además el Índice Global de Gravedad y el Total de Síntomas Positivos fueron significativamente superiores en el grupo que puntuó alto en ambigüedad de rol y conflicto de rol. Por otro lado, no se encuentran diferencias significativas entre los niveles de estudios ni en las subescalas ni en Índice General de Gravedad ni en el Total de Síntomas Positivos.The role stress is specifically the one that originates from the performance of roles in the company, and includes both role ambiguity and role conflict. Objetive: To evaluate the ambiguity and the role conflict of a group of professionals who carry out different jobs, and its influence on their physical and psychological well-being. Material and method: To evaluate the role stressors (Role Ambiguity and Role Conflict the Questionnaire of Rizzo, House and Lirtzman has been used and to establish the consequences the Questionnaire of Symptoms SLC-90-R. Results: 20 % of the sample percieved ambiguity and conflict of role in their job and had
Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae can predispose bighorn sheep to fatal Mannheimia haemolytica pneumonia.
Dassanayake, Rohana P; Shanthalingam, Sudarvili; Herndon, Caroline N; Subramaniam, Renuka; Lawrence, Paulraj K; Bavananthasivam, Jegarubee; Cassirer, E Frances; Haldorson, Gary J; Foreyt, William J; Rurangirwa, Fred R; Knowles, Donald P; Besser, Thomas E; Srikumaran, Subramaniam
2010-10-26
Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae has been isolated from the lungs of pneumonic bighorn sheep (BHS). However experimental reproduction of fatal pneumonia in BHS with M. ovipneumoniae was not successful. Therefore the specific role, if any, of M. ovipneumoniae in BHS pneumonia is unclear. The objective of this study was to determine whether M. ovipneumoniae alone causes fatal pneumonia in BHS, or predisposes them to infection by Mannheimia haemolytica. We chose M. haemolytica for this study because of its isolation from pneumonic BHS, and its consistent ability to cause fatal pneumonia under experimental conditions. Since in vitro culture could attenuate virulence of M. ovipneumoniae, we used ceftiofur-treated lung homogenates from pneumonic BHS lambs or nasopharyngeal washings from M. ovipneumoniae-positive domestic sheep (DS) as the source of M. ovipneumoniae. Two adult BHS were inoculated intranasally with lung homogenates while two others received nasopharyngeal washings from DS. All BHS developed clinical signs of respiratory infection, but only one BHS died. The dead BHS had carried leukotoxin-positive M. haemolytica in the nasopharynx before the onset of this study. It is likely that M. ovipneumoniae colonization predisposed this BHS to fatal infection with the M. haemolytica already present in this animal. The remaining three BHS developed pneumonia and died 1-5 days following intranasal inoculation with M. haemolytica. On necropsy, lungs of all four BHS showed lesions characteristic of bronchopneumonia. M. haemolytica and M. ovipneumoniae were isolated from the lungs. These results suggest that M. ovipneumoniae alone may not cause fatal pneumonia in BHS, but can predispose them to fatal pneumonia due to M. haemolytica infection. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Obesity and non-fatal motor vehicle crash injuries: sex difference effects.
Ma, X; Laud, P W; Pintar, F; Kim, J-E; Shih, A; Shen, W; Heymsfield, S B; Allison, D B; Zhu, S
2011-09-01
Obesity and motor vehicle crash (MVC) injuries are two parallel epidemics in the United States. An important unanswered question is whether there are sex differences in the associations between the presence of obesity and non-fatal MVC injuries. To further understand the association between obesity and non-fatal MVC injuries, particularly the sex differences in these relations. We examined this question by analyzing data from the 2003 to 2007 National Automotive Sampling System Crashworthiness Data System (NASS CDS). A total of 10,962 drivers who were aged 18 years or older and who survived frontal collision crashes were eligible for the study. Male drivers experienced a lower rate of overall non-fatal MVC injuries than did female drivers (38.1 versus 52.2%), but experienced a higher rate of severe injuries (0.7 versus 0.2%). After adjusting for change in velocity (ΔV) during the crashes, obese male drivers showed a much higher risk (logistic coefficients of body mass index (BMI) for moderate, serious and severe injury are 0.0766, 0.1470 and 0.1792, respectively; all Pobese male drivers and these risks increased with injury severity. Non-fatal injury risks were not found to be increased in obese female drivers. The association between obesity and risk of non-fatal injury was much stronger for male drivers than for female drivers. The higher risk of non-fatal MVC injuries in obese male drivers might result from their different body shape and fat distribution compared with obese female drivers. Our findings should be considered for obesity reduction, traffic safety evaluation and vehicle design for obese male drivers and provide testable hypotheses for future studies.
Analyzing temozolomide medication errors: potentially fatal.
Letarte, Nathalie; Gabay, Michael P; Bressler, Linda R; Long, Katie E; Stachnik, Joan M; Villano, J Lee
2014-10-01
The EORTC-NCIC regimen for glioblastoma requires different dosing of temozolomide (TMZ) during radiation and maintenance therapy. This complexity is exacerbated by the availability of multiple TMZ capsule strengths. TMZ is an alkylating agent and the major toxicity of this class is dose-related myelosuppression. Inadvertent overdose can be fatal. The websites of the Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP), and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) MedWatch database were reviewed. We searched the MedWatch database for adverse events associated with TMZ and obtained all reports including hematologic toxicity submitted from 1st November 1997 to 30th May 2012. The ISMP describes errors with TMZ resulting from the positioning of information on the label of the commercial product. The strength and quantity of capsules on the label were in close proximity to each other, and this has been changed by the manufacturer. MedWatch identified 45 medication errors. Patient errors were the most common, accounting for 21 or 47% of errors, followed by dispensing errors, which accounted for 13 or 29%. Seven reports or 16% were errors in the prescribing of TMZ. Reported outcomes ranged from reversible hematological adverse events (13%), to hospitalization for other adverse events (13%) or death (18%). Four error reports lacked detail and could not be categorized. Although the FDA issued a warning in 2003 regarding fatal medication errors and the product label warns of overdosing, errors in TMZ dosing occur for various reasons and involve both healthcare professionals and patients. Overdosing errors can be fatal.
Fuel economy and traffic fatalities: multivariate analysis of international data
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Noland, Robert B.
2005-01-01
In the US motor vehicle fuel economy standards were imposed in the late 1970s, in response to the oil crises of that decade. Since then, efforts to increase the standards have not occurred, one reason being the argument that smaller vehicles (which are generally more efficient) are considered less safe. Recent analyses (Energy J.( 2004)) suggests that variance in vehicle weights may be more important than the absolute weights of vehicles in making the highway network less safe. In Europe and other countries, which generally have smaller more efficient vehicle fleets, due to relatively high gasoline taxes, this debate has not occurred. In particular, countries such as Great Britain and Sweden have far safer road transport systems than the US but also have much more efficient vehicle fleets. This suggests that either vehicle weight and size are unimportant or if they have an effect it is small compared to other factors. This paper uses international data to build econometric models that examine whether average vehicle fuel economy has any association with road traffic fatalities, while controlling for other factors that are associated with fatalities. The effect on pedestrian fatalities is also analyzed. Cross-sectional time-series data on traffic fatalities from OECD countries is used and negative binomial regression models are developed using panel data to determine whether any associations are present. Results find that changes in vehicle efficiency are not associated with changes in traffic fatalities, suggesting either that size and weight changes over time have not had a strong effect or are not associated with fuel economy improvements
Modeling wrong-way crashes and fatalities on arterials and freeways
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Raj V. Ponnaluri
2018-04-01
Full Text Available Wrong way driving (WWD research and mitigation measures have primarily focused on limited access facilities. This is most likely due to the higher incidence of fatal WWD crashes with dramatic consequences on freeways, media attention, and a call for innovative solutions to address the problem. While public agencies and published literature address WWD incidence on freeway systems, the crash analyses on non-limited access facilities, i.e., arterial corridors, remains untouched. This research extends previous works and attempts to provide many new perspectives on arterial WWD incidence. In particular, one work showed that while WWD fatalities are more likely to occur on freeways, the likelihood of these crashes is higher on arterials. Hence this work with univariate and multivariate analyses of WWD and non-WWD crashes, and fatal and non-fatal WWD incidents. Results show the impressive negative impacts of alcohol use, driver defect, nighttime and weekend incidence, poor street lighting, low traffic volumes, rural geography, and median and shoulder widths. The objective here is to highlight the need for paying greater attention to WWD crashes on arterial corridors as is done with fatal WWD incidents on freeway systems. It suffices to say that while engineering countermeasures should evolve from the traditional signing and pavement markings to connected vehicle technology applications, there is a clear and compelling need to focus on educational campaigns specifically targeting drunken driving, and enforcement initiatives with an objective to mitigate WWD in the most efficient manner possible. Keywords: Wrong-way driving, Modeling, Arterials and freeways, Logistic regression, Likelihood
Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever in Kosova : a fatal case report
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Raka Lul
2006-10-01
Full Text Available Abstract Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF is an often fatal viral infection described in about 30 countries around the world. The authors report a fatal case of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF observed in a patient from Kosova. The diagnosis of CCHF was confirmed by reverse transcription-PCR. Late diagnosis decreased the efficacy of treatment and patient died due to severe complications of infection.
Is the societal burden of fatal occupational injury different among NORA industry sectors?
Biddle, Elyce Anne
2013-02-01
Since the implementation of the Occupational Safety and Health Act, safety and health in the work environment has seen marked improvement. Although these improvements are laudable, workplace hazards continue to plague the American worker. Understanding the economic burden of fatalities by industry sector is important to setting broad occupational safety and health research priorities. Cost estimates provide additional information about how fatal injuries affect society and hence can improve injury prevention program planning, policy analysis, evaluation, and advocacy. This study estimated the total, mean, and median societal costs by worker and case characteristic in 2003-2006 for the industry sectors identified in the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA). Analyses were conducted with restricted access to the Bureau of Labor Statistics Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries data. These data exclude military personnel, decedents with unknown age or sex, and fatalities occurring in New York City. Societal costs were estimated using the cost-of-illness approach, which combines direct and indirect costs to yield an overall cost of an fatal occupational injury. During this period, the cost of the 22,197 fatal occupational injuries exceeded $21 billion. The mean and median costs of these fatalities were $960,000 and $944,000 respectively. Total societal costs by NORA sector ranged from a high of $5.8 billion in Services to a low of $530 million in Healthcare and Social Assistance with mean costs ranging from the nearly $800,000 in Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing to almost $1.1 million in Mining. The societal costs-total, mean, and median costs-of case and worker characteristics for occupational fatal injuries varied within each NORA sector. To have the greatest societal impact, these costs can be used to target resources for public and private sector research by industry. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Is the Societal burden of fatal occupational injury different among NORA industry sectors?
Biddle, Elyce Anne
2015-01-01
Problem Since the implementation of the Occupational Safety and Health Act, safety and health in the work environment has seen marked improvement. Although these improvements are laudable, workplace hazards continue to plague the American worker. Understanding the economic burden of fatalities by industry sector is important to setting broad occupational safety and health research priorities. Cost estimates provide additional information about how fatal injuries affect society and hence can improve injury prevention program planning, policy analysis, evaluation, and advocacy. Method This study estimated the total, mean, and median societal costs by worker and case characteristic in 2003–2006 for the industry sectors identified in the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA). Analyses were conducted with restricted access to the Bureau of Labor Statistics Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries data. These data exclude military personnel, decedents with unknown age or sex, and fatalities occurring in New York City. Societal costs were estimated using the cost-of-illness approach, which combines direct and indirect costs to yield an overall cost of an fatal occupational injury. Results During this period, the cost of the 22,197 fatal occupational injuries exceeded $21 billion. The mean and median costs of these fatalities were $960,000 and $944,000 respectively. Total societal costs by NORA sector ranged from a high of $5.8 billion in Services to a low of $530 million in Healthcare and Social Assistance with mean costs ranging from the nearly $800,000 in Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing to almost $1.1 million in Mining. Discussion The societal costs—total, mean, and median costs—of case and worker characteristics for occupational fatal injuries varied within each NORA sector. Impact on Industry To have the greatest societal impact, these costs can be used to target resources for public and private sector
Asensio Nieto, María Remedios
2016-01-01
La menopausia es una etapa en la vida de la mujer que se produce como consecuencia del agotamiento de los folículos ováricos. En éstos se producen las hormonas sexuales femeninas: estrógenos y progesterona que van a disminuir considerablemente en esta etapa y que por reducción del mecanismo de feed back negativo producen elevación de las hormonas gonadotropas: FSH y LH. El descenso de estrógenos, tiene como consecuencia una serie de alteraciones que repercutirán en la calidad de vida de la mu...
Fatal occupational injuries in the Malaysian construction sector–causes and accidental agents
Ayob, A.; Shaari, A. A.; Zaki, M. F. M.; Munaaim, M. A. C.
2018-04-01
The construction sector is associated with various accidents and fatal injuries. These occupational accidents are caused by numerous factors, such as lack of supervision; lack of adherence to safe work technique; failure to wear personal protective equipment; and failure to comply with the safe use of tools, vehicles, and machines. Using 2013–2016 secondary data from the Department of Occupational Safety and Health and Social Security Organization, this study conducted a descriptive exploration survey to identify common fatal occupational injuries associated with the Malaysian construction sector, as well as their causes and accidental agents. Results indicated that construction, followed by manufacturing, agriculture, forestry, logging, and fishery, are the riskiest job sectors in Malaysia. The highest incidences of occupational casualties were reported in Sarawak, Johor, and Selangor. These states accounted for approximately 13.33% to 18.18% of all cases of fatal occupational accidents. In these states, the lack of safety and health regulations and poor execution of risk management increased the risk of occupational accidents. Falls from heights accounted for 46.28% of fatal occupational injuries. Furthermore, being crushed by objects, materials, or vehicles accounted for 9.09% to 17.36% of fatal occupational injuries. Substandard work environment and transportation and lifting equipment, such as scaffolds, are primary accidental agents. Results of this study could enhance the knowledge and awareness of construction workers and management of job-related injuries to decrease the incidence of fatal occupational accidents.
Ho, K M; Rao, S; Rittenhouse, K J; Rogers, F B
2014-11-01
Fatal pulmonary embolism is the third most common cause of death after major trauma. We hypothesised that the Trauma Embolic Scoring System (TESS) would have adequate calibration and discrimination in a group of severely injured trauma patients in predicting venous thromboembolism (VTE), and could be used to predict fatal and non-fatal symptomatic pulmonary embolism. Calibration and discrimination of the TESS were assessed by the slope and intercept of the calibration curve and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, respectively. Of the 357 patients included in the study, 74 patients (21%) developed symptomatic VTE after a median period of 14 days following injury. The TESS predicted risks of VTE were higher among patients who developed VTE than those who did not (14 versus 9%, P=0.001) and had a moderate ability to discriminate between patients who developed VTE and those who did not (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.71, 95% confidence interval 0.65 to 0.77). The slope and intercept of the calibration curve were 2.76 and 0.34, respectively, suggesting that the predicted risks of VTE were not sufficiently extreme and overall, underestimated the observed risks of VTE. Using 5% predicted risk of VTE as an arbitrary cut-point, TESS had a high sensitivity and negative predictive value (both ≥0.97) in excluding fatal and non-fatal pulmonary embolism. The TESS had a reasonable ability to discriminate between patients who developed VTE and those who did not and may be useful to select different strategies to prevent VTE in severely injured patients.
Drew, Elaine M; Schoenberg, Nancy E
2011-06-01
Researchers have long held that fatalism (the belief in a lack of personal power or control over destiny or fate) constitutes a major barrier to participation in positive health behaviors and, subsequently, adversely affects health outcomes. In this article, we present two in-depth, ethnographic studies of rural women's health decisions surrounding cancer treatments to illustrate the complexity and contestability of the long-established fatalism construct. Narrative analyses suggest that for these women, numerous and complex factors--including inadequate access to health services, a legacy of self-reliance, insufficient privacy, combined with a culturally acceptable idiom of fatalism--foster the use of, but not necessarily a rigid conviction in, the notion of fatalism.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Ivis Gutiérrez Guerra
2013-12-01
Full Text Available El presente artículo se propone analizar la importancia que tiene para un país receptor tradicional de emigrantes, como es el caso de Canadá, el componente de la inmigración dentro de su dinámica poblacional. El análisis de las cifras arrojadas por el censo realizado en este país, en el año 2011, evidencia que el crecimiento poblacional canadiense, así como el mantenimiento de los niveles necesarios de población económicamente activa para la reproducción de su economía, dependen, en gran medida, de la entrada constante de nuevos inmigrantes. Es por esto que la política canadiense que regula la entrada de nuevos residentes permanentes presenta particularidades muy interesantes, en cuanto a la forma de gestión de los flujos migratorios, en función de sus necesidades de desarrollo. La utilización como caso de estudio de la emigración cubana permite ilustrar, a través de un país concreto, cómo la regulación migratoria de la mencionada nación norteña incide de manera importante en las características socio-demográficas de un colectivo inmigrante específico, así como cuáles son las consecuencias, no solo desde el punto de vista poblacional, sino desde la perspectiva de la pérdida de potencial humano que estos movimientos pueden acarrear para los países emisores tradicionales, como es el caso de Cuba.
Role of motorcycle type in fatal motorcycle crashes.
Teoh, Eric R; Campbell, Marvin
2010-12-01
Motorcycles vary in design and performance capability, and motorcyclists may select certain motorcycle types based on driving preferences. Conversely, motorcycle performance capability may influence the likelihood of risky driving behaviors such as speeding. Both mechanisms may affect fatal crash risk when examined by motorcycle type. Although it was not possible to estimate the effect of each mechanism, the current study analyzed fatal crash data for evidence of motorcycle type differences in risky driving behaviors and risk of driver death. Street legal motorcycles were classified into 10 types based on design characteristics and then further grouped as cruiser/standard, touring, sport touring, sport/unclad sport, supersport, and all others. For each motorcycle type, driver death rates per 10,000 registered vehicle years and the prevalence of fatal crash characteristics such as speeding were analyzed. Differences among motorcycle types concerning the effect of engine displacement were examined using Poisson regression. Overall, driver death rates for supersport motorcycles were four times as high as those for cruiser/standard motorcycles. Fatally injured supersport drivers were most likely to have been speeding and most likely to have worn helmets, but least likely to have been impaired by alcohol compared with drivers of other motorcycle types. The patterns in driver factors held after accounting for the effects of age and gender. Increased engine displacement was associated with higher driver death rates for each motorcycle type. Strong effects of motorcycle type were observed on driver death rates and on the likelihood of risky driving behaviors such as speeding and alcohol impairment. Although the current study could not completely disentangle the effects of motorcycle type and rider characteristics such as age on driver death rates, the effects of both motorcycle type and rider age on the likelihood of risky driving behaviors were observed among fatally
Car crash fatalities associated with fire in Sweden.
Viklund, Åsa; Björnstig, Johanna; Larsson, Magnus; Björnstig, Ulf
2013-01-01
To study the epidemiology and causes of death in fatal car crashes on Swedish roads in which the victim's vehicle caught fire. The data set is from the Swedish Transport Administrations in-depth studies of fatal crashes 1998-2008. Autopsies from all cases provided data on injuries, toxicological analyses, and cause of death. In total, 181 people died in 133 burning cars, accounting for 5 percent of all deaths in passenger cars, sport utility vehicles, vans, and minibuses during 1998 to 2008. The cause of death for a third of the victims was fire related, as burns and/or smoke inhalation injuries, with no fatal trauma injuries. Twenty-five of these 55 deaths were persons 19 years or younger and included 15 of 18 rear seat deaths. Over half of the 181 deaths were in vehicles that had collided with another vehicle and, of these cases, half were killed in collisions with heavy vehicles. The percentage of drivers with illegal blood alcohol concentrations (27%) and suicides (5.5%) were not higher than in other fatal crashes on Swedish roads. The ignition point of the fire was indicated in only half of the cases and, of those, half started in the engine compartment and one fourth started around the fuel tank or lines. Car fires are a deadly postcrash problem. Reducing this risk would be primarily a responsibility for the automotive industry. A multifactor approach could be considered as follows: risk-reducing design, insulation, reduced flammability in motor compartment fluids and plastics, and automatic fire extinguishing equipment. Inspiration could be found in how, for example, the auto racing and aviation industries handle this problem.
Muñoz Olmo, L; Juan Armas, J; Gomariz García, J J
2017-09-04
Primary Care is the fundamental axis of our health system and obliges us to be consistent with our prescriptions. The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been associated with increased cardiovascular risk and increased risk of all causes of death, as well as acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in patients with a previous myocardial infarction. Pain and cardiac patient management are 2 basic pillars in our daily activity, and we must know the limitations of NSAIDs in patients with established cardiovascular risk. We present a review of the scientific literature with primary interest in the role of NSAIDs and cardiovascular risk. The objective is to determine the relationship between the consumption of different NSAIDs and the fatal and non-fatal events among patients with known coronary disease. This is a review of the scientific literature with primary interest in the role of NSAIDs and cardiovascular risk. The literature review was conducted in PubMed search engines like Tripdatabase and with certain keywords. Of the 15 original papers found, 9 did not correspond completely to the central focus, so the approach was decided from 6 original articles from the past 5 years, which address the central focus of increased cardiovascular risk found (fatal and non-fatal events) in patients with prior cardiovascular disease or AMI being prescribed NSAIDs for any reason. The risk of fatal/non-fatal events in each of the studies is expressed by the odds ratio (OR)/hazard ratio (HR), defined as the probability of an event occurring. A moderate risk was observed for ibuprofen. It increases the risk of acute coronary syndrome after 5 years of cardiovascular event, especially in the 2nd year (OR 1.63; 95% CI 1.42-1.87). It also increases the risk of stroke (HR 1.23; 95% IC 1.10-1.38). Cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors were the third risk group, after nabumetone and diclofenac. Celecoxib increases risk from the 14th day of treatment (HR 2.3; 95% CI 1.79-3.02), having an OR
Los macroprocesos de la industria petrolera y sus consecuencias ambientales
Galván Rico, Luis; Reyes Gil, Rosa E; Guédez Mozur, Carolina; De Armas, Desirée
2007-01-01
Es universalmente aceptado que la producción industrial es la principal actividad responsable de la contaminación del planeta por la generación de las emisiones atmosféricas, desechos peligrosos, efluentes líquidos, así como por producir contaminación térmica y sónica. Particularmente, la industria petrolera, principal actividad generadora de energía para el planeta, destaca como una de las más contaminantes. Los principales macroprocesos que tienen lugar en las grandes empresas petroleras so...
Comparing avian and bat fatality rate estimates among North American wind energy projects
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Smallwood, Shawn
2011-07-01
Full text: Wind energy development has expanded rapidly, and so have concerns over bird and bat impacts caused by wind turbines. To assess and compare impacts due to collisions, investigators use a common metric, fatalities/MW/year, but estimates of fatality rates have come from various wind turbine models, tower heights, environments, fatality search methods, and analytical methods. To improve comparability and asses large-scale impacts, I applied a common set of assumptions and methods to data in fatality monitoring reports to estimate fatality rates of birds and bats at 71 wind projects across North America (52 outside the Altamont Pass Wind Resource Area, APWRA). The data were from wind turbines of 27 sizes (range 0.04-3.00 MW) and 28 tower heights (range 18.5-90 m), and searched at 40 periodic intervals (range 1-90 days) and out to 20 distances from turbines (range 30-126 m). Estimates spanned the years 1982 to 2010, and involved 1-1,345 turbines per unique combination of project, turbine size, tower height, and search methodology. I adjusted fatality rates for search detection rates averaged from 425 detection trials, and for scavenger removal rates based on 413 removal trials. I also adjusted fatality rates for turbine tower height and maximum search radius, based on logistic functions fit to cumulative counts of carcasses that were detected at 1-m distance intervals from the turbine. For each tower height, I estimated the distance at which cumulative carcass counts reached an asymptote, and for each project I calculated the proportion of fatalities likely not found due to the maximum search radius being short of the model-predicted distance asymptote. I used the same estimator in all cases. I estimated mean fatalities/MW/year among North American wind projects at 12.6 bats (80% CI: 8.1-17.1) and 11.1 birds (80% CI: 9.5-12.7), including 1.6 raptors (80% CI: 1.3-2.0), and excluding the Altamont Pass I estimated fatality rates at 17.2 bats (80% CI: 9
Cirrus Airframe Parachute System and Odds of a Fatal Accident in Cirrus Aircraft Crashes.
Alaziz, Mustafa; Stolfi, Adrienne; Olson, Dean M
2017-06-01
General aviation (GA) accidents have continued to demonstrate high fatality rates. Recently, ballistic parachute recovery systems (BPRS) have been introduced as a safety feature in some GA aircraft. This study evaluates the effectiveness and associated factors of the Cirrus Airframe Parachute System (CAPS) at reducing the odds of a fatal accident in Cirrus aircraft crashes. Publicly available Cirrus aircraft crash reports were obtained from the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) database for the period of January 1, 2001-December 31, 2016. Accident metrics were evaluated through univariate and multivariate analyses regarding odds of a fatal accident and use of the parachute system. Included in the study were 268 accidents. For CAPS nondeployed accidents, 82 of 211 (38.9%) were fatal as compared to 8 of 57 (14.0%) for CAPS deployed accidents. After controlling for all other factors, the adjusted odds ratio for a fatal accident when CAPS was not deployed was 13.1. The substantial increased odds of a fatal accident when CAPS was not deployed demonstrated the effectiveness of CAPS at providing protection of occupants during an accident. Injuries were shifted from fatal to serious or minor with the use of CAPS and postcrash fires were significantly reduced. These results suggest that BPRS could play a significant role in the next major advance in improving GA accident survival.Alaziz M, Stolfi A, Olson DM. Cirrus Airframe Parachute System and odds of a fatal accident in Cirrus aircraft crashes. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2017; 88(6):556-564.
Fatal Cervical Spine Injury Following a Bicycle Crash
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Uhrenholt Lars
2017-06-01
Full Text Available Spinal injury following direct loading of the head and neck is a rare sequel of bicycle crashes. Fatal head injuries following bicycle crashes have been described in great detail and safety measures such as bicycle helmets have been developed accordingly. Less frequently, however, potentially severe cervical spine injuries have been described. We present the case of a middle-aged female who sustained an ultimately fatal cervical spine injury following a collision with a car whilst biking wearing a helmet. We discuss the literature regarding the protective effects of bicycle helmets, the relevance to cervical spine injury and legislation on mandatory use of helmets for injury prevention.
Influence of civil defense on strategic countervalue fatalities
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Harvey, T.F.
1982-01-01
Two modeling studies were conducted to simulate the effect of fallout shelters on the outcome of a massive countervalue nuclear exchange between the Soviet Union and the United States. One was to determine the number of nuclear weapons required to mount an effective fallout attack against a country with dispersed population; the other was to determine the number of expected US fatalities resulting from a countervalue attack against US urban population centers. The results of these studies indicate that the number of weapons required to mount such an attack depends on the adequacy of the shelter system and that the evacuation of urban populations can substantially reduce expected fatality levels
Clash of Desires: Detective vs. Femme Fatale
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Veronika Pituková
2013-06-01
Full Text Available This article discusses the theme of desire presented in American hard-boiled detective fiction and its subsequent transformation on the screen in form of films noir of the 1940’s. The works in focus are novels The Maltese Falcon by Dashiell Hammett, Farewell, My Lovely by Raymond Chandler and Build My Gallows High by Daniel Mainwaring and their film noir adaptations – The Maltese Falcon (1941, Murder, My Sweet (1944 and Out of the Past (1947. The proposed paper seeks to offer a contrastive analysis of the novels and the films and situate them in their respective social and cultural contexts. The central conflict of this article is presented by the clash between the femme fatale’s and detective’s desires. Hard-boiled novels present femme fatale as a dame with a past, a spider woman, and the detective as a hero with no future, caught in her web of intrigues. The only way out for the detective is to suppress the sexual desire for the woman and hold strong to his professional code. The femme fatale’s desire for more and for better is deadly and dangerous for those who succumb to her lure, but the detective’s desire for truth can be fatal for the dark lady too. This clash presented in the novels is confronted with the 1940’s Hollywood production. When the detective frees himself from the sexual lure of the fatal woman he has a chance to live and even bring her to justice, but she can still escape or decide herself what to do with her destiny. Both, the dame and the hero are victims of their desires. The 1940’s films noir’s femme fatales have to pay for their crimes, no matter how crafty, seductive or manipulative they are. Thus these films present the masculine dominance as strong and undefeated.
Smeed's law and expected road fatality reduction: An assessment of the Italian case.
Persia, Luca; Gigli, Roberto; Usami, Davide Shingo
2015-12-01
Smeed's law defines the functional relationship existing between the fatality rate and the motorization rate.While focusing on the Italian case and based on the Smeed's law, the study assesses the possibility for Italy of reaching the target of halving the number of road fatalities by 2020, in light of the evolving socioeconomic situation. A Smeed's model has been calibrated based on the recorded Italian data. The evolution of the two indicators, fatality and motorization rates, has been estimated using the predictions of the main parameters (population, fleet size and fatalities). Those trends have been compared with the natural decreasing trend derived from the Smeed's law. Nine scenarios have been developed showing the relationship between the fatality rate and the motorization rate. In case of a limited increase (logistic regression) of the vehicle fleet and according to the estimated evolution of the population, the path defined by motorization and fatality rate is very steep, diverging from the estimated confidence interval of the Smeed's model. In these scenarios the motorization rate is almost constant during the decade. In the actual economic context, a limited development of the vehicle fleet is more plausible. In these conditions the target achievement of halving the number of fatalities in Italy may occur only in case of a structural break (i.e., the introduction of highly effective road safety policies). Practical application: The proposed tools can be used both to evaluate retrospectively the effectiveness of road safety improvements and to assess if a relevant effort is needed to reach the established road safety targets.
La técnica confesional como recurso narrativo. La transición y el cine "s" de Ignacio F. Iquino
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Alejandro Melero Salvador
2011-05-01
Full Text Available Este artículo estudia las películas eróticas de la Transición y analiza cómo el cine fue al mismo tiempo una consecuencia de los nuevos discursos en torno a la sexualidad y un instrumento para la expresión de los mismos. El artículo propone que, tras la apariencia descuidada del cine “S” se esconden aparatos narrativos que entroncan con formas tradicionales en la creación de discursos del sexo.Después de repasar la importancia de la narrativa confesional en el cine de la época, se toma como caso de estudio la obra de Ignacio F. Iquino para explorar cómo los tradicionales recursos narrativos confesionales se aplicaron a estar primeras representaciones fílmicas del sexo y cómo, muy a menudo, estos discursos dependieron de un aparato ideológico heredado del pasado, como por ejemplo la visión de la homosexualidad como algo traumático.Puesto que se trata de un estudio de narrativas fílmicas, se recurre a los guiones originales de las películas que se estudian. Constituyen un testimonio de primera mano y son imprescindibles para explicar las cuestiones y problemas que rodean la construcción de los nuevos discursos sexuales de la época. La investigación en archivos es, por lo tanto, fundamental para este trabajo y, hasta la fecha, no existen estudios académicos sobre la mayoría de las películas que se estudian.
Subarachnoid haemorrhage in Sweden 1987-2002 : regional incidence and case fatality rates
Koffijberg, H.; Buskens, E.; Granath, F.; Adami, J.; Ekbom, A.; Rinkel, G. J. E.; Blomqvist, P.
Background: Incidence estimates of subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) in Sweden vary, which may be caused by regional variations. Reliable estimates of age-specific case fatality rates are lacking. We analysed regional incidence rates and case fatality rates of SAH in Sweden. Methods: The Swedish
Trucks involved in fatal accidents factbook 2008.
2011-03-01
This document presents aggregate statistics on trucks involved in traffic accidents in 2008. The : statistics are derived from the Trucks Involved in Fatal Accidents (TIFA) file, compiled by the : University of Michigan Transportation Research Instit...
Buses involved in fatal accidents factbook 2007
2010-03-01
This document presents aggregate statistics on buses involved in traffic accidents in 2007. The : statistics are derived from the Buses Involved in Fatal Accidents (BIFA) file, compiled by the : University of Michigan Transportation Research Institut...
Trucks involved in fatal accidents factbook 2007.
2010-01-01
This document presents aggregate statistics on trucks involved in traffic accidents in 2007. The : statistics are derived from the Trucks Involved in Fatal Accidents (TIFA) file, compiled by the : University of Michigan Transportation Research Instit...
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Rodríguez Fuentes, Christian Camilo
2017-06-01
Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo es contrastar el efecto de contagio en el fracaso empresarial como consecuencia de la proximidad geográfica entre empresas del mismo sector. Para ello, desarrollamos una aplicación empírica basada en el análisis de los estadísticos espaciales join-count sobre una muestra de empresas del sector servicios en el municipio de Murcia (España. Los resultados muestran un patrón de autocorrelación espacial significativo, de tal forma que la probabilidad de fracaso de una empresa no solo depende de sus características internas sino también de su proximidad a otras empresas fracasadas. Estos resultados pueden ser un interesante punto de partida para el desarrollo de análisis que incluyan los efectos de la proximidad geográfica entre empresas en la literatura de fracaso empresarial. || This paper aims to contrast the spillover effects in business failure derived from the geographic proximity among firms of the same sector. To get this purpose, we develop an empirical application based on the analysis of the join-count statistics on a sample of firms of service sector located in the municipality of Murcia (Spain. Our results show significant spatial autocorrelation pattern, therefore, the probability of failure in a firm not only depends on its internal characteristics, but also on the situation of failure of its vicinity peer companies. These results can be an interesting starting point in the development of papers which consider the interdependence effects among closer peer companies in business failure literature.
EL ENFOQUE DE COMPETITIVIDAD SISTÉMICA COMO ESTRATEGIA PARA EL MEJORAMIENTO DEL ENTORNO EMPRESARIAL
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Shirley Benavides Vindas
2004-07-01
Full Text Available Desde los años noventa se observa en Costa Rica al igual que en la región latinoamericana una menor polarización entre las principales escuelas económicas al analizar el tema del papel del Estado en la creación de condiciones para el desarrollo de la competitividad empresarial. A lo anterior ha contribuido el amplio debate que se viene dando en los últimos años sobre los procesos mas recientes de industrialización, caracterizados en algunos casos por la ausencia de logros positivos en materia de sostenibilidad y en otros por la existencia de resultados exitosos de las políticas adoptadas.Precisamente, en relación a la experiencia del Sudeste Asiático, Smith (2000: Xii sostiene que "hay dificultades para explicar el éxito de la industrialización de estas economías en los términos de las teorías tradicionales y en consecuencia, se está poniendo mayor atención a nuevos enfoques de política industrial como el de seleccionar ganadores y el de los mercados gobernados".
Projecting Fatalities in Crashes Involving Older Drivers, 2000-2025
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Hu, P.S.
2001-03-23
As part of this research effort, we developed a new methodology for projecting elderly traffic crash fatalities. This methodology separates exposure to crashes from crash risk per se, and further divides exposure into two components, the number of miles driven and the likelihood of being a driver. This component structure permits conceptually different determinants of traffic fatalities to be projected separately and has thorough motivation in behavioral theory. It also permits finer targeting of particular aspects of projections that need improvement and closer linking of projections to possible policy instruments for influencing them.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Juliana Roman dos Santos Oliveira
2010-09-01
Full Text Available As más condições laborais e a forma de organização do trabalho dentro do sistema capitalista frequentemente têm se mostrado nocivas para o trabalhador. Além disso, a chamada síndrome da fadiga crônica é um dos males que acomete a classe trabalhadora. Por meio de revisão teórica buscou-se caracterizar a síndrome, suas possíveis causas e consequências e o papel do psicólogo nas organizações. A fadiga pode ser compreendida como um esgotamento físico e mental, culminando em consequências para a saúde do trabalhador. Excesso de trabalho, pressão por produção, turnos alternados, riscos físicos e falta de autonomia são alguns fatores apontados como prováveis desencadeadores da síndrome, e as consequências encontradas vão desde baixo rendimento e maior risco de acidentes de trabalho até dificuldade para relaxar em momentos de lazer. É papel do psicólogo do trabalho e organizacional realizar ações remediadoras e preventivas que impeçam ou dificultem o aparecimento da fadiga no trabalho.Las más condiciones de trabajo y la forma de organización en el sistema capitalista se mostra mala para el trabajador. También, el Síndrome de la sobrecarga crónica, es uno de los males que rondan los trabajadores hoy. Por el medio de la revisión teórica, se intentó caracterizarlo, sus posibles causas, consecuencias y la función del psicólogo en las organizaciones. La sobrecarga puede ser comprendida como un agotamiento físico y mental, acarreando en consecuencias para su salud. El exceso de trabajo, producción, turnos alternos, riesgos físicos y falta de autonomía son factores apuntados como probables desencadenadores del síndrome y sus consecuencias son bajos réditos, mayores riesgos de accidentes de trabajo y dificultad para relajar en los ratos de recreación. Es la función del psicólogo del trabajo y organizacional realizar acciones remediables y preventivas que impidan el aparecimiento de la sobrecarga en el
Fast Times During Spring Breaks: Are Traffic Fatalities Another Consequence?
French, Michael; Gumus, Gulcin
2014-01-01
Every year in the United States, millions of college students travel for spring break, spending billions of dollars. We examine a potential adverse consequence of spring break that has received little attention in the literature - traffic safety. In particular, we estimate the impact of spring break season on fatal passenger vehicle crashes. Using daily county-level longitudinal data on traffic fatalities in popular spring break destinations from 1982-2011, we conduct separate analyses by age...
Survival in fatal road crashes: body mass index, gender, and safety belt use.
Sivak, Michael; Schoettle, Brandon; Rupp, Jonathan
2010-02-01
This study evaluated the associations of body mass index (BMI), gender, and use of safety belts with the survival of drivers involved in fatal road crashes. The census data of all U.S. fatal crashes that did not involve pedestrians, bicyclists, or motorcyclists were examined for an 11-year period. If involved in a crash with one or more fatalities, the odds of female drivers being among the fatalities are 1.28 times higher than those of male drivers, and the odds of unbelted drivers being among the fatalities are 5.43 times higher than those of belted drivers. The relationship of survivability to BMI depends on the gender and safety belt use of the driver. For male drivers, increased BMI appears beneficial when safety belts are used but detrimental when not used. For belted female drivers, normal BMI is associated with the lowest odds of being killed, and both increased and decreased BMIs increase the odds. For unbelted female drivers, no reliable trends were present among the BMI categories.
Implications of Functional Capacity Loss and Fatality for Vehicle Safety Prioritization.
McMurry, Timothy L; Sherwood, Chris; Poplin, Gerald S; Seguí-Gómez, María; Crandall, Jeff
2015-01-01
We investigate the use of the Functional Capacity Index (FCI) as a tool for establishing vehicle safety priorities by comparing the life year burden of injuries to the burden of fatality in frontal and side automotive crashes. We demonstrate FCI's utility by investigating in detail the resulting disabling injuries and their life year costs. We selected occupants in the 2000-2013 NASS-CDS database involved in frontal and side crashes, merged their injuries with FCI, and then used the merged data to estimate each occupant's overall functional loss. Lifetime functional loss was assessed by combining this measure of impairment with the occupants' expected future life spans, estimated from the Social Security Administration's Actuarial Life Table. Frontal crashes produce a large number of disabling injuries, particularly to the lower extremities. In our population, these crashes are estimated to account for approximately 400,000 life years lost to disability in comparison with 500,000 life years lost to fatality. Victims of side crashes experienced a higher rate of fatality but a significantly lower rate of disabling injury (0.3 vs. 1.0%), resulting in approximately 370,000 life years lost to fatality versus 50,000 life years lost to disability. The burden of disabling injuries to car crash survivors should be considered when setting vehicle safety design priorities. In frontal crashes this burden in life years is similar to the burden attributable to fatality.
Cilia-associated bacteria in fatal Bordetella bronchiseptica pneumonia of dogs and cats
Bordetella bronchiseptica frequently causes nonfatal tracheobronchitis, but its role in fatal pneumonia is less well-studied. The objectives of this study were to identify the frequency of Bordetella bronchiseptica infection in fatal cases of bronchopneumonia in dogs and cats and to compare the diag...
Estructura cambiaria alternativa en Venezuela (1960-2013): implicaciones y consecuencias
Héctor Romero; Eddy Johanna Fajardo Ortiz
2016-01-01
El tipo de cambio nominal es un elemento clave dentro de la economía, ya que sirve como referencia básica para el intercambio de bienes entre los países, así como para la asignación de recursos productivos entre los distintos sectores económicos que componen la economía del país. En términos generales, las naciones del mundo suelen tener una única referencia cambiaria, sin embargo, bajo condiciones particulares de tensión en la balanza de pagos o severas crisis internas, pueden establecer est...
Las consecuencias de la violencia de género para la salud y formación de los adolescentes
Águila Gutiérrez, Yaíma; Hernández Reyes, Vicente Enrique; Hernández Castro, Vicente Higinio
2016-01-01
La violencia de género es un problema para la humanidad que afecta a millones de personas, sobre todo a mujeres y adolescentes. Sus repercusiones nocivas van desde el ámbito personal y familiar hasta el social, con consecuencias de deterioro de la salud y de las relaciones sociales. La formación de los adolescentes está afectada por la violencia de género y es necesario prevenirla desde edades tempranas para lograr que los jóvenes desarrollen su personalidad adecuadamente. En este trabajo se ...
An oxcarbazepine-related fatality with an overview of 26 oxcarbazepine postmortem cases
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Linnet, K.; Steentoft, A.; Simonsen, Kirsten Wiese
2008-01-01
We present an oxcarbazepine-related fatality together with an overview of 26 postmortem cases involving oxcarbazepine observed during the period 2001-2006. The fatality case concerned a 27-year-old woman with epilepsy, who was found dead in her bed. Oxcarbazepine and its active metabolite, 10-hyd...
The effect of airline deregulation on automobile fatalities.
Bylow, L F; Savage, I
1991-10-01
This paper attempts to quantify the effects of airline deregulation in the United States on intercity automobile travel and consequently on the number of highway fatalities. A demand model is constructed for auto travel, which includes variables representing the price and availability of air service. A reduced form model of the airline market is then estimated. Finding that deregulation has decreased airfares and increased flights, it is estimated that auto travel has been reduced by 2.2% per year on average. Given assumptions on the characteristics of drivers switching modes and the types of roads they drove on, the number of automobile fatalities averted since 1978 is estimated to be in the range 200-300 per year.
A review of drug therapy for sporadic fatal insomnia.
Tabaee Damavandi, Pardis; Dove, Martin T; Pickersgill, Richard W
2017-09-03
Sporadic fatal insomnia (sFI) is a rapid progressive neurodegenerative disease characterised by gradual to perpetual insomnia, followed by dysautonomia, coma and death. 1 The cause of sFI was recently mapped to a mutation in a protein, the prion, found in the human brain. It is the unfolding of the prion that leads to the generation of toxic oligomers that destroy brain tissue and function. Recent studies have confirmed that a methionine mutation at codon 129 of the human Prion is characteristic of sFI. Current treatment slows down the progression of the disease, but no cure has been found, yet. We used Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics simulation methods, to study the toxic Fatal-Insomnia-prion conformations at local unfolding. The idea was to determine these sites and to stabilise these regions against unfolding and miss-folding, using a small ligand, based on a phenothiazine "moiety". As a result we here discuss current fatal insomnia therapy and present seven novel possible compounds for in vitro and in vivo screening.
Mortuary operations following mass fatality natural disasters: a review.
Anderson, Madelyn; Leditschke, Jodie; Bassed, Richard; Cordner, Stephen M; Drummer, Olaf H
2017-03-01
This is a critical review to discuss the best practice approaches to mortuary operations in preparation for and the response to natural, mass fatality, disaster events, as identified by a review of published articles. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) Statement guided the identification of potential articles to use in this critical review. Subsequent searches were also conducted to identify articles relating to heat wave, and flood mortality. All identified peer-reviewed studies published in English which discussed the preparation and response of mortuaries to mass fatality natural disasters occurring in developed countries were included. Using the PRISMA-P method of identifying articles, 18 articles were selected for inclusion in this review. Although there are numerous articles which describe the mortuary response to mass fatality incidents, few articles analyzed the response, or discussed the roles which supported and enabled the organization to undertake the task of identifying disaster victims. It is thus difficult to determine objectively if the actions and activities outlined in the articles represent best-practice.
Marketing and alcohol-related traffic fatalities: impact of alcohol advertising targeting minors.
Smith, Ryan C; Geller, E Scott
2009-10-01
Alcohol-related youth traffic fatalities continue as a major public-health concern. While state and federal laws can be useful in tackling this problem, the efficacy of many laws has not been empirically demonstrated. We examined the impact of state laws prohibiting alcohol advertising to target minors. Using statistics obtained from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), youth alcohol-related, single-vehicle, driver traffic fatalities were compared by state as a function of whether the state has a law prohibiting alcohol advertising that targets minors. Overall, states possessing this law experienced 32.9% fewer of the above specified traffic fatalities. DISCUSSION AND IMPACT ON INDUSTRY: The results suggest that not only are youth drinking rates affected by alcohol advertisements targeting youth, but also drink-driving behaviors. Indeed, we estimate that if this type of legislation were adopted in the 26 states that do not prohibit targeting of minors with alcohol advertising, then 400 youth lives could be saved annually.
Fatal varicella in immigrants from tropical countries: Case reports and forensic perspectives.
Guadagnini, Gianni; Lo Baido, Simone; Poli, Francesca; Govi, Annamaria; Borin, Sveva; Fais, Paolo; Pelotti, Susi
2018-05-01
The primary Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) infection results in varicella, a generally benign, self-limiting disease in immunocompetent children. Despite the usual course a possible fatal evolution of the primary infection is observed predominantly in immunocompromised subjects and in adults, especially emigrating from tropical regions. Two cases of fatal varicella have been investigated and discussed. Death occurred in two patients over 40 years of age, coming from South Asia and receiving chronic immunosuppressive therapy. The forensic expert must be cautious and consider all clinical records in managing fatal varicella cases, bearing in mind risk factors and pre-existing conditions such as age, geographical provenance and pathological comorbidity, which may lead to a bad prognosis irrespective of therapies. Based on the severe and fatal course observed in the reported cases, an extension of the immunization program appears advisable for immigrants from tropical countries, especially before scheduled immunotherapy. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Fatal Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever in the United States, 1999–2007
Dahlgren, F. Scott; Holman, Robert C.; Paddock, Christopher D.; Callinan, Laura S.; McQuiston, Jennifer H.
2012-01-01
Death from Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is preventable with prompt, appropriate treatment. Data from two independent sources were analyzed to estimate the burden of fatal RMSF and identify risk factors for fatal RMSF in the United States during 1999–2007. Despite increased reporting of RMSF cases to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, no significant changes in the estimated number of annual fatal RMSF cases were found. American Indians were at higher risk of fatal RMSF relative to whites (relative risk [RR] = 3.9), and children 5–9 years of age (RR = 6.0) and adults ≥ 70 years of age (RR = 3.0) were also at increased risk relative to other ages. Persons with cases of RMSF with an immunosuppressive condition were at increased risk of death (RR = 4.4). Delaying treatment of RMSF was also associated with increased deaths. These results may indicate a gap between recommendations and practice. PMID:22492159
Urban violence is the biggest cause of fatal work-related accidents in Brazil.
Cordeiro, Ricardo; Luz, Verônica Gronau; Hennington, Élida Azevedo; Martins, Ana Cláudia Alves; Tófoli, Luís Fernando
2017-12-11
To quantify the occurrence of deaths directly associated with urban violence among fatal work-related accidents. Verbal autopsies were performed with the relatives and coworkers of residents of Campinas, state of São Paulo, Brazil, who died from external causes in 2015. We have also analyzed police reports and reports of the Legal Medical Institute related to these deaths. We have identified 82 fatal work-related accidents in Campinas in 2015, of which 25 were murders, 35 were traffic accidents not directly related to work activities, and three were suicides at work. The proportional mortality rate for homicides, traffic accidents, and suicides among fatal work-related accidents was estimated at 30.5%, 42.7%, and 3.7%, respectively. Urban violence accounted for three-fourths of the fatal work-related accidents recorded in the period studied.
NWS Weather Fatality, Injury and Damage Statistics
... Weather Awareness Floods, Wind Chill, Tornadoes, Heat... Education Weather Terms, Teachers, Statistics government web resources and services. Natural Hazard Statistics Statistics U.S. Summaries 78-Year List of Severe Weather Fatalities Preliminary Hazardous Weather Statistics for 2017 Now
The potential impact of rural mayday systems on vehicular crash fatalities.
Evanco, W M
1999-09-01
Rural mayday systems can reduce the time between the occurrence of an accident and the notification of emergency medical services--called the accident notification time. Reductions in this time, in turn, may affect the numbers of fatalities. A statistical analysis is used to estimate the quantitative relationship between fatalities and the accident notification time. The elasticity of rural fatalities with respect to the accident notification time was found to be 0.14. If a rural mayday system were fully implemented (i.e. a 100% market penetration) and the service availability were 100%, then we would expect monetary benefits of about $1.83 billion per year and comprehensive benefits (which includes the monetary value attached to the lost quality of life) of $6.37 billion per year.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
SUSANA AGUILAR FERNÁNDEZ
2005-01-01
Full Text Available La inicial ausencia de respuesta del gobierno del PP ante el desastroso vertido provocado por el petrolero Prestige condujo, entre otras razones, a la aparición en Galicia del movimiento social Nunca Máis. Este movimiento ha mantenido un indiscutible protagonismo en las protestas ciudadanas que, tanto a nivel regional como nacional, denunciaban la mala gestión gubernamental de la crisis ecológica y económica causada por el derrame, ampliando además su agenda a las movilizaciones en contra de la guerra en Irak en el 2003. La primera pregunta a la que se intenta responder es por qué Nunca Máis surge tan tardíamente, en el año 2002, cuando las costas gallegas han sufrido una cantidad importante de derrames de distinto tipo en las últimas tres décadas. A diferencia de Sidney Tarrow (1998, que se centra en la (favorable estructura de oportunidades políticas para explicar la aparición de las protestas, este artículo otorga una gran relevancia a la existencia de redes sociales previas y a la emergencia de agravios que se imponen súbitamente (en la forma de shock moral, que constituyó el accidente del Prestige a la hora de entender cuándo surge la movilización. Una segunda cuestión a tratar es la de las consecuencias de Nunca Máis o la de por qué el movimiento no consiguió realizar las amplias expectativas de cambio político que había generado.
Geo-demographic analysis of fatal motorcycle crashes
2001-01-01
The objective of this study is to analyze the combined motor vehicle crash data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) with the Claritas geo-demographic database from the lifestyle perspective to determine the appropriate media to use in ...
Renal involvement in fatal cases of chikungunya virus infection.
Mercado, Marcela; Acosta-Reyes, Jorge; Parra, Edgar; Guzmán, Luis; Beltrán, Mauricio; Gasque, Philippe; Mejía-García, Carlos; Viasus, Diego
2018-06-01
Information regarding physiopathology and complications in fatal cases of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is scarce. The aim of this study was to describe the frequency and severity of renal complications in fatal cases associated with CHIKV infection based on the clinical and histopathological features from post-mortem tissue biopsies. This retrospective study included fatal cases associated with CHIKV infection occurring from September 2014 through October 2015, reported to National System for Public Health Surveillance (SIVIGILA) and laboratory-confirmed by the National Institute of Health of Colombia. Medical records from 13 patients were available. Information was collected on history, physical examination, and haematological, biochemical, radiological, and virologic investigation reports. Diagnosis of CHIKV infection was performed by positive CHIKV-PCR on post-mortem tissue in 10 cases, positive CHIKV-PCR in serum in 6 cases and anti-CHIKV virus IgM in 2 cases. Only 3 cases were children (≤5 years old). Four cases had underlying diseases, mainly systemic arterial hypertension. The median value of creatinine at admission was 2.8 mg/dL (interquartile range 1.52-4.51). During hospitalization, 9 cases required ICU admission, 8 vasopressor support and 6 mechanical ventilation. Kidney histopathological findings were mainly acute interstitial nephritis (11 cases), congestion/oedema glomerular (10 cases) and acute tubular necrosis (5 cases). Renal impairment in fatal cases of CHIKV infection is frequent and related mainly to acute interstitial nephritis. These data demonstrate evidence of acquired kidney injuries during CHIKV infection. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
La Educación decimonónica como construcción de resistencias en profesoras
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Luis Enrique Meléndez-Ferrer
2016-01-01
Full Text Available La educación decimonónica es una construcción social de control cultural del patriarcado que se concreta en la heteronormatividad de la Ilustración. Debatir sobre esta educación implica considerar varios elementos como: enfoques feministas, resistencias y dominación patriarcal. Es importante analizar las visiones que sustentan la educación decimonónica como mecanismo reproductor de resistencias de las profesoras en sus prácticas sociales. Como consecuencia existe un cuerpo referencial con nociones sobre elementos anteriores más la noción visión, como categoría ordenadora del análisis educativo. Este debate se fundamenta en un enfoque cualitativo mediante la convivencia, problematización situacional, la etnografía social, la resignificación conceptual, el interaccionismo simbólico y la discusión sobre feminismos, géneros, mujeres, andragogía y subyugación universitaria. El análisis se estructura en las visiones política, naturalista, religiosa, dominación social y positivismo social. Según estas visiones, la educación decimonónica genera el apego al machismo discriminatorio y nacionalista existente en disciplinas científicas para que las profesoras se beneficien. También refuerza en ellas los gremialismos racistas al ser artefactos útiles, lo cual logra la desigualdad sexista y el separatismo del sistema sexo/ género. La educación desvela la civilidad mediante una educación pragmática y descalificativa, acentuando un empoderamiento masculino en las mujeres y el reconocimiento de su discriminación institucional-educativa. Este discurso vislumbra la religiosidad en educación y el miedo a romper esquemas. Además, impulsa a que las mujeres coparticipen del patriarcado positivista con la opresión heterosexual cientificista, instaurando su invisibilidad epistémica y doméstica. Finalmente, la educación refleja a unas profesoras despersonalizadas y robotizadas por la ciencia, al modelar la educación decimon
Tavakoli Kashani, Ali; Rabieyan, Rahim; Besharati, Mohammad Mehdi
2016-01-01
In Iran more than 25% of crash fatalities belong to motorcycle operators and passengers in the recent years, from which about 20% are related to passenger fatalities. The aim of this study was to investigate the motorcycle operator and passenger characteristics as well as other contributory factors that may affect the fatality risk of motorcyclists involved in traffic crashes. To this end, motorcycle crash data between 2009 and 2012 was extracted from Iran traffic crash database and a logistic regression analysis was performed to obtain odds ratio estimates for each of the study variables. The fatality risk of motorcyclists has a direct relationship with the number of pillion passengers carried. Results also indicate that the amount of increase in the likelihood of having a fatality in a motorcycles crash is considerably higher when the operator is accompanied by a male passenger of the same age. Furthermore, results showed that if the crash is occurred in the darkness, on curves, in rural areas and on highways, then the crash would be more likely to be fatal. Moreover, the head-on collisions, older operators, unlicensed operators and not using a safety helmet were found to increase the likelihood of a fatality in a motorcycle crash. Preventative measures such as, imposing stricter rules regarding safety helmet usage and confining the number of pillion passengers to one, might be implemented to reduce the fatality risk in motorcycle crashes. In addition, more appropriate infrastructures for penalizing offending motorcyclists could also reduce the frequency of law violations such as not wearing helmet or riding without motorcycle license, which in turn, would result into a reduction in the fatality risk of motorcycle crashes. © 2016 KUMS, All rights reserved.
Substance use among Iranian drivers involved in fatal road accidents
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Shervin eAssari
2014-08-01
Full Text Available Background: Although the problem of substance use among drivers is not limited to a special part of the world, most published epidemiological reports on this topic is from industrial world.Aim: To determine drug use among Iranian adults who were imprisoned for vehicle accidents with fatality. Methods: This study enrolled 51 Iranian adults who were imprisoned for vehicle accidents with fatality. This sample came from a national survey of prisoners. Data was collected at entry to prisons during the last 4 months of 2008 in 7 prisons in different parts of the country. Self reported drug use was registered. Commercial substance use screening tests were also done. Results: Drug test was positive for opioids, cannabis and both in 37.3%, 2.0% and 13.7%, respectively. 29.4% tested positive for benzodiazepines. Using test introduced 23.5% of our sample as drug users, who had declined to report any drug use. Conclusion: Opioids are the most used illicit drug in the case of vehicle accidents with fatality, however, 20% of users do not declare their use. This high rate of drug use in vehicle accidents with fatality reflects the importance of drug use control as a part of injury prevention in Iran. There might be a need for drug screening after severe car accidents.
Trucks involved in fatal accidents codebook 2008.
2011-01-01
This report provides documentation for UMTRIs file of Trucks Involved in Fatal Accidents : (TIFA), 2008, including distributions of the code values for each variable in the file. The 2008 : TIFA file is a census of all medium and heavy trucks invo...
Traffic fatality indicators in Brazil: State diagnosis based on data envelopment analysis research.
Bastos, Jorge Tiago; Shen, Yongjun; Hermans, Elke; Brijs, Tom; Wets, Geert; Ferraz, Antonio Clóvis Pinto
2015-08-01
The intense economic growth experienced by Brazil in recent decades and its consequent explosive motorization process have evidenced an undesirable impact: the increasing and unbroken trend in traffic fatality numbers. In order to contribute to road safety diagnosis on a national level, this study presents a research into two main indicators available in Brazil: mortality rate (represented by fatalities per capita) and fatality rate (represented by two sub-indicators, i.e., fatalities per vehicle and fatalities per vehicle kilometer traveled). These indicators were aggregated into a composite indicator or index through a multiple layer data envelopment analysis (DEA) composite indicator model, which looks for the optimum combination of indicators' weights for each decision-making unit, in this case 27 Brazilian states. The index score represents the road safety performance, based on which a ranking of states can be made. Since such a model has never been applied for road safety evaluation in Brazil, its parameters were calibrated based on the experience of more consolidated European Union research in ranking its member countries using DEA techniques. Secondly, cluster analysis was conducted aiming to provide more realistic performance comparisons and, finally, the sensitivity of the results was measured through a bootstrapping method application. It can be concluded that by combining fatality indicators, defining clusters and applying bootstrapping procedures a trustworthy ranking can be created, which is valuable for nationwide road safety planning. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Economic development and road traffic fatalities in two neighbouring African nations
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Douglas J. Wiebe
2016-06-01
Conclusion: Road crash fatalities increased in recent decades in both Zambia and Botswana. But the rapid economic development in Botswana over this time period appears to have driven proportionate road traffic fatality increases. There are opportunities for newly emerging economies such as Zambia, Angola, and others to learn from the Botswana experience. Evidence-based investments in road safety interventions should be concomitant with economic development.
Fatal lawn mower related projectile injury.
Colville-Ebeling, Bonnie; Lynnerup, Niels; Banner, Jytte
2014-06-01
Fatal lawn mower related injuries are a relatively rare occurrence. In a forensic setting, the primary aim is to reconstruct the injury mechanism and establish the cause of death. A relatively rare, but characteristic type of injury is a so-called projectile or missile injury. This occurs when the operator or a bystander is impacted by an object mobilized from the grass by the rotating mower blades. This type of injury often leaves only modest external trauma, which increases the risk of overlooking an entry wound. In this paper we present a case of a fatal lawn mower related projectile injury which was initially overlooked, later interpreted as a possible gunshot homicide, and finally identified as a lawn mower related projectile injury when autopsy revealed a piece of metal thread in the main bronchus to the right middle lobe, hemopericardium, and right-sided hemothorax. To our knowledge, this injury mechanism has not previously been reported as a cause of death. This case illustrates the importance of postmortem radiological imaging and interdisciplinary cooperation when establishing manner and cause of death in unusual cases.
Postpartum Clostridium sordellii infection associated with fatal toxic shock syndrome
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Rørbye, C; Petersen, Ina Sleimann; Nilas, Lisbeth
2000-01-01
, respectively) are responsible for this potential. Reviewing the obstetric literature, only six cases of postpartum endometritis caused by C. sordellii, are described - all being fatal. In addition, one lethal case of spontaneous endometritis resulting from C. sordellii is reported. The clinical aspects...... of these cases include: - sudden onset with influenza-like symptoms in previously healthy women - progressive refractory hypotension - local and spreading tissue edema - absence of fever Laboratory findings include: - marked leukocytosis - elevated hematocrit. This paper reports the seventh fatal postpartum C...
RIESGOS LABORALES PSICOSOCIALES. PERSPECTIVA ORGANIZACIONAL, JURÍDICA Y SOCIAL
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Adriana Camacho Ramírez
2017-01-01
Full Text Available Dadas las consecuencias negativas en la productividad, clima organizacional, salud y relaciones interpersonales entre los trabajadores, las empresas están cada vez más interesadas en identificar las causas, prevenirlas y controlarlas. Se pretende establecer las consecuencias de los conflictos laborales, como riesgos psicosociales, en los trabajadores, así como en las empresas y terceros, para lo cual se realiza una aproximación a las definiciones y clasificaciones básicas, mayormente influenciadas desde la psicología; para después analizar el impacto en grupos que históricamente se encuentran discriminados laboralmente, finalizando con algunas recomendaciones.
Work-related fatalities associated with tree care operations--United States, 1992-2007.
2009-04-24
Workers in various industries and occupations are involved in the care and maintenance of trees, such as tree trimming, pruning, and removal. This work is recognized as having many safety hazards. Although previous analyses have involved subgroups of workers who perform this type of work, no analysis has focused on identifying injured workers from all industries and occupations that perform tree care operations. This report summarizes the characteristics of fatal occupational injuries, using data from the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries (CFOI) and a case series of fatality investigations conducted by CDC's National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Fatality Assessment and Control Evaluation (FACE) program. During 1992--2007, a total of 1,285 workers died while performing tree care and maintenance; 44% were trimming or pruning a tree when fatally injured. The most common causes of death were being struck by or against an object (42% of deaths), most commonly a tree or branch; falls to a lower level (34%); and electrocutions (14%). Most of the decedents (57%) worked for small establishments with 10 or fewer employees. Employers, trade and worker associations, and policymakers should take additional steps to improve the safety of workers involved in tree care, such as providing formal training to workers and ensuring that personal protective equipment (e.g., fall protection equipment) is used properly.
Pasqualini, Osvaldo; Libener, Marcello; Farina, Elena; Bena, Antonella
2011-01-01
To examine the usefulness for prevention of the National Surveillance System on occupational fatalities, which is based on the narrative description of the work accident collected by OSH inspectors and on the subsequent classification of the injury dynamics by means of a standardized model of analysis. The system ability of providing useful recommendations for prevention was evaluated on one hand by analyzing the effectiveness of inspections in preventing fatalities, on the other hand by identifying the most frequent accident mechanisms. Data analyzed consisted of investigation reports of construction fatalities occurred during 2002-2008 in the Piedmont Region, collected by surveillance system. The injury narrative description was used to assess whether the fatality would have been preventable by an inspection hypothetically conducted the day before the event; injuries were classified as probably preventable, probably not preventable, and uncertain. A standardized model of classification of injury dynamics was employed to identify mechanisms and circumstances related to the construction fatalities, and particularly those caused by falls from height. Among 122 construction fatalities occurred, 25%were considered probably preventable and 60%probably not preventable. Half of the construction fatalities was caused by fall from height, most of which were caused by sudden breaking of a surface walkway, and almost 20% by fall of objects, including burial. The analysis of the preventability of construction fatalities in Piedmont seems partly to rebut the assumption that more inspections are necessarily associated with a reduction in fatalities. The interpretation of the injury narrative descriptions, which are implemented by OHS inspectors as part of their usual activity, through a standardized model of analysis allows to identify the breaking of surface walkways as the most important mechanism of fatality among falls from height.
Suárez Gonzales, Eva Dajaida
2017-01-01
“La presente investigación fue realizada bajo el enfoque cualitativo de un nivel etnográfico, en donde el trabajo fue hecho con una muestra de 15 empresarios o administradores de las MYPES del emporio comercial Gamarra, que experimentan Evasión Tributaria. “El objetivo de la investigación fue identificar los motivos y consecuencias de la Evasión Tributaria en las MYPES en el emporio comercial Gamarra dedicadas a la comercialización de productos textiles ”. En conclusión, ...
Epidemiology and patterns of transport-related fatalities in Austria 1980-2012.
Majdan, Marek; Rusnak, Martin; Rehorcikova, Veronika; Brazinova, Alexandra; Leitgeb, Johannes; Mauritz, Walter
2015-01-01
Transport-related accidents remain the largest single cause of death among people aged 15 to 29 in the European Union, and despite the decrease in number of fatalities from 1990 onwards they remain a significant public health problem. The aim of this article was to analyze the long-term trends and patterns of transport-related fatalities, identify the anatomic distribution of most significant injuries in different road users, and identify the primary populations at risk of transport-related death in Austria between 1980 and 2013. Data on transport-related fatalities based on death certificates were obtained from Statistics Austria for the analyzed period. Crude and age-standardized mortality rates per 100,000 were calculated and broken down by age, gender, and month of death, and the anatomic distribution of most significant injuries were identified. Potential years of life lost before age 75 (PYLL-75) were used as a measure of public health impact. A total of 39,709 transport-related fatalities were identified for the studied years; 74% were males and the mean age was 42.1 years (range 0-103). A decrease in the number of fatalities (from 2018 in 1980 to 554 in 2012), mortality rates (from 26 in 1980 to 7 in 2012), and PYLL-75 (from 68,960 in 1980 to 14,931 in 2012) was observed. Introduction of major prevention milestones (compulsory use of seat belts or child restraints) may have contributed to this decrease. Men 16-24 years old were at the highest risk of transport-related death. Pedestrian victims were more likely to be women and car drivers and motorcyclists were more often men. Most fatal transport accidents occurred between the months of May and October and prevailingly in towns of fewer than 20,000 inhabitants. Injuries to the head were the most significant injuries in all user groups (>50% of cases in all road user types). Reduced mortality rates could translate into higher prevalence of long-term disabilities in survivors of transport accidents. Despite
El CO2 como disolvente y como reactivo
La Franca Pitarresi, Vincenzo Rosario
2016-01-01
Existen numerosas ventajas asociada con el uso de CO2 , tanto como disolvente que como reactivo, y todas se pueden resumir en cuatro categorías generales: beneficios ambiental, beneficios de salud y seguridad, beneficios en el procedimiento y beneficios químicos. Los procesos que implican el CO2 como disolvente no aumentaría las emisiones de CO2, más bien proporcionaría una oportunidad para el reciclaje de CO2 residual. Además, los esfuerzos para secuestrar el CO2 producido de los gases de co...
Trends in the Fractures and Fatalities of Farmyard Injuries in Ireland: A 10 year analysis
LENUS (Irish Health Repository)
Lee, MJ
2017-01-01
The farming and agricultural sector remains one of Ireland’s primary industries. Fatality rates remain higher than the European average. The aim of this study was to analyze the national trend in hospital in-patient admissions for farmyard related fractures and related fatalities in Ireland from 2005 to 2014. Relevant socioeconomic trends were used for comparison. There were 2,064 farm-related fractures and 187 fatalities recorded over the same period. Despite a decrease in incidence of farmyard fractures over 2005-2014, fatality rates have increased indicating the alarming continued occupational hazards and severity of sustained injuries.
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Juan M. Mendia
1992-12-01
Full Text Available Por definición los conflictos entre las sociedades y el medio, denominados en forma envolvente como ambientales, se dan a partir de como dicha sociedad organiza el aprovechamiento de un conjunto determinado de recursos. Es decir que los problemas ambientales tienen sentido como consecuencia de las acciones del hombre sobre la naturaleza.
Estructura cambiaria alternativa en Venezuela (1960-2013: implicaciones y consecuencias
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Héctor Romero
2016-05-01
Full Text Available El tipo de cambio nominal es un elemento clave dentro de la economía, ya que sirve como referencia básica para el intercambio de bienes entre los países, así como para la asignación de recursos productivos entre los distintos sectores económicos que componen la economía del país. En términos generales, las naciones del mundo suelen tener una única referencia cambiaria, sin embargo, bajo condiciones particulares de tensión en la balanza de pagos o severas crisis internas, pueden establecer estructuras cambiarias híbridas o múltiples. El trabajo tiene como objetivo comprender la dinámica de las estructuras cambiarias alternativas, las razones que conllevan a su instauración, así como la experiencia de la historia económica de Venezuela (1960-2013. El establecimiento de referencias cambiarias múltiples en el país suele estar asociado con la merma en la disponibilidad de activos externos, producto de choques negativos en los términos de intercambio o desajustes macroeconómicos financiados a través de la emisión monetaria. El aumento de la prima cambiaria entre el tipo de cambio oficial y el paralelo, con las consiguientes distorsiones en el funcionamiento de la economía nacional, ha sido el detonante principal para unificar el tipo de cambio. En consonancia con la experiencia internacional, la tasa de inflación promedio en los años con tipo de cambio unificado en Venezuela fue significativamente menor (14,5% que en los períodos con dos o más tipos de cambio (28,4%.
El auge de youtube como noticia de contenido social: causas y consecuencias
Gil García, David
2008-01-01
Catorzenes Jornades de Foment de la Investigació de la FCHS (Any 2008-2009) En esta comunicación se pretende abordar cuáles son algunas tendencias del periodismo actual, por las que la página web Youtube se acaba convirtiendo en noticia. La importancia que tiene la imagen en televisión es cada vez mayor. Ya no importa la pulcritud de la misma, o que nos dirijamos hacia la Alta Definición (High Definition), sino que tiene más peso informativo que alguien haya presenciado in situ...
Fatal acute pulmonary injury associated with everolimus.
Depuydt, Pieter; Nollet, Joke; Benoit, Dominique; Praet, Marleen; Caes, Frank
2012-03-01
To report a case of fatal alveolar hemorrhage associated with the use of everolimus in a patient who underwent a solid organ transplant. In a 71-year-old cardiac transplant patient, cyclosporine was replaced with everolimus because of worsening renal function. Over the following weeks, the patient developed nonproductive cough and increasing dyspnea. His condition deteriorated to acute respiratory failure with hemoptysis, requiring hospital admission. Bilateral patchy alveolar infiltrates were apparent on chest X-ray and computed tomography. Cardiac failure was ruled out and empiric antimicrobial therapy was initiated. Additional extensive workup could not document opportunistic infection. Everolimus was discontinued and high-dose corticosteroid therapy was initiated. Despite this, the patient required invasive mechanical ventilation and died because of refractory massive hemoptysis. Autopsy revealed diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. Everolimus is a mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor approved for use as an immunosuppressant and antineoplastic agent. Its main advantage over calcineurin inhibitors (tacrolimus and cyclosporine) is a distinct safety profile. Although it has become clear that everolimus induces pulmonary toxicity more frequently than initially thought, most published cases thus far represented mild and reversible disease, and none was fatal. Here, we report a case of pulmonary toxicity developing over weeks following the introduction of everolimus, in which a fatal outcome could not be prevented by drug withdrawal and corticosteroid treatment. The association of everolimus and this syndrome was probable according to the Naranjo probability scale. This case indicates that with the increasing use of everolimus, clinicians should be aware of the rare, but life-threatening manifestation of pulmonary toxicity.
Fatal and nonfatal risk associated with recycle of D&D-generated concrete
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Boren, J.K.; Ayers, K.W.; Parker, F.L. [Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN (United States)
1997-02-01
As decontamination and decommissioning activities proceed within the U.S. Department of Energy Complex, vast volumes of uncontaminated and contaminated concrete will be generated. The current practice of decontaminating and landfilling the concrete is an expensive and potentially wasteful practice. Research is being conducted at Vanderbilt University to assess the economic, social, legal, and political ramifications of alternate methods of dealing with waste concrete. An important aspect of this research work is the assessment of risk associated with the various alternatives. A deterministic risk assessment model has been developed which quantifies radiological as well as non-radiological risks associated with concrete disposal and recycle activities. The risk model accounts for fatal as well as non-fatal risks to both workers and the public. Preliminary results indicate that recycling of concrete presents potentially lower risks than the current practice. Radiological considerations are shown to be of minor importance in comparison to other sources of risk, with conventional transportation fatalities and injuries dominating. Onsite activities can also be a major contributor to non-fatal risk.
Butler, T.; Knight, J.; Nath, S. K.; Speelman, P.; Roy, S. K.; Azad, M. A.
1985-01-01
In Bangladesh, clinical records of 323 patients with typhoid fever were reviewed to study the incidence, fatality, and optimal therapy of the complication of intestinal perforation. Fifteen patients (4.6%) developed intestinal perforation. Case-fatality rates were six of nine patients treated
Mariana Clavero
2010-01-01
Este artículo presenta el impacto y las consecuencias del viaje de san Alberto Hurtado a los Estados Unidos en el año 1945. El acceso a nuevos documentos ha permitido iluminar de mejor manera los motivos del viaje: luego de su renuncia a la Acción Católica, es becado por Mons. Edwin O'Hara para ir a estudiar por un año a la Escuela de Trabajo Social de la Universidad Católica de Washington. El viaje le permite, además, tomar contacto con diversas obras sociales de la Iglesia de EE. UU y de Ca...
La asociatividad como fenómeno evolutivo, análisis de casos colombianos
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Juan Gonzalo Castellanos M.
2010-08-01
facilitan la descripción de su evolución. Esta investigación, presenta -a través del análisis comparativo de dos experiencias de aglomeración industrial en Colombia que se construyen actualmente- una perspectiva de la evolución de la asociatividad y plantea etapas de dicha evolución, proponiendo que ésta se alcanza por fases que muestran características más o menos definidas. Esta propuesta de etapas, tiene consecuencias en la conformación de las aglomeraciones industriales que son jalonadas por empresas tractoras, desarrolladas por entes facilitadores o impulsadas espontáneamente por las propias empresas. También tiene consecuencias en la evolución de la política de ciencia, tecnología e innovación.
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Darcie Doll
2016-12-01
Full Text Available El artículo propone que en las dos versiones de El Apando, la novela y el filme, se exhibe una puesta en crisis de los fundamentos de la racionalidad y sus correlatos totalizadores desde varios frentes: la escenificación de la perspectiva óptica del sujeto geometral, la crítica del discurso tradicional de la nación y el planteamiento del encierro carcelario como extensión de la cárcel que es el mundo. A través de diversas estrategias discursivas se produce una subversión de los códigos realistas, en el marco de una denuncia de la opresión y la violencia del sistema social contemporáneo. Los relatos nos introducen en lo que será, décadas más tarde, la representación del mundo del narcotráfico y las consecuencias de la globalización económica en América Latina.
Using medico-legal data to investigate fatal older road user crash circumstances and risk factors.
Koppel, Sjaan; Bugeja, Lyndal; Smith, Daisy; Lamb, Ashne; Dwyer, Jeremy; Fitzharris, Michael; Newstead, Stuart; D'Elia, Angelo; Charlton, Judith
2018-02-17
This study used medico-legal data to investigate fatal older road user (ORU, aged 65 years and older) crash circumstances and risk factors relating to 4 key components of the Safe System approach (e.g., roads and roadsides, vehicles, road users, and speeds) to identify areas of priority for targeted prevention activity. The Coroners' Court of Victoria's (CCOV) Surveillance Database was searched to identify and describe the frequency and rate per 100,000 population of fatal ORU crashes in the Australian state of Victoria for 2013-2014. Information relating to the deceased ORU, crash characteristics and circumstances, and risk factors was extracted and analyzed. One hundred and thirty-eight unintentional fatal ORU crashes were identified in the CCOV Surveillance Database. Of these fatal ORU crashes, most involved older drivers (44%), followed by older pedestrians (32%), older passengers (17%), older pedal cyclists (4%), older motorcyclists (1%), and older mobility scooter users (1%). The average annual rate of fatal ORU crashes per 100,000 population was 8.1 (95% confidence interval [CI], 6.0-10.2). In terms of the crash characteristics and circumstances, most fatal ORU crashes involved a counterpart (98%), of which the majority were passenger cars (50%) or fixed/stationary objects (25%), including trees (46%) or embankments (23%). In addition, most fatal ORU crashes occurred close to home (73%), on-road (87%), on roads that were paved (94%), on roads with light traffic volume (37%), and during low-risk conditions: between 12 p.m. and 6 p.m. (44%), on weekdays (80%), during daylight (75%), and under dry/clear conditions (81%). Road user (RU) error was identified by the police and/or the coroner for the majority of fatal crashes (55%), with a significant proportion of deceased ORUs deemed to have failed to yield (54%) or misjudged (41%). RU error was the most significant factor identified in fatal ORU crashes, which suggests that there is a limited capacity of the
Carolee Schneemann. El cine como autobiografía, la artista como actriz, el cuerpo como pincel
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María Barbaño González-Moreno
2017-10-01
Full Text Available Este trabajo analiza la relación de cine y mujer a partir de la obra fílmica de Carolee Schneemann, principalmente de su obra autobiográfica Fuses (1964-1966. Desde ella, se plantea el papel de la artista como productora, directora y protagonista principal de todas sus obras. Reflexionamos así sobre el rol del creador-director como actor que derivaría en la consecución de una obra cinematográfica de tintes necesariamente autobiográficos. Asumiendo la visión vanguardista del cine como diario personal/Entendido el cine como diario personal, Schneemann va a explorar en su obra diferentes aspectos de la identidad y la sexualidad de la mujer en un cine artístico, alternativo y de tendencia política feminista. Entendido/Asumido su cine como elemento plástico, la artista explorará de forma paralela la experimentación matérica y física a través de los cuerpos filmados así como de la propia materialidad de la película, excluyendo toda posibilidad narrativa, dramática e ilusoria de proyección del espectador en el espacio cinematográfico y el espacio privado del creador.
Parachuting from fixed objects: descriptive study of 106 fatal events in BASE jumping 1981-2006.
Westman, A; Rosén, M; Berggren, P; Björnstig, U
2008-06-01
To analyse the characteristics of fatal incidents in fixed object sport parachuting (building, antenna, span, earth (BASE) jumping) and create a basis for prevention. Descriptive epidemiological study. Data on reported fatal injury events (n = 106) worldwide in 1981-2006 retrieved from the BASE fatality list. Human, equipment and environmental factors. Identification of typical fatal incident and injury mechanisms for each of the four fixed object types of BASE jumping (building, antenna, span, earth). Human factors included parachutist free fall instability (loss of body control before parachute deployment), free fall acrobatics and deployment failure by the parachutist. Equipment factors included pilot chute malfunction and parachute malfunction. In cliff jumping (BASE object type E), parachute opening towards the object jumped was the most frequent equipment factor. Environmental factors included poor visibility, strong or turbulent winds, cold and water. The overall annual fatality risk for all object types during the year 2002 was estimated at about one fatality per 60 participants. Participants in BASE jumping should target risk factors with training and technical interventions. The mechanisms described in this study should be used by rescue units to improve the management of incidents.
Fatal gunshots to the head and neck regions in Benin City, Nigeria ...
African Journals Online (AJOL)
OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the magnitude of fatal gunshot injuries to the head and neck in Benin City. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This is a prospective study of fatal gun shots to the head and neck region with respect to age, sex, intent for the gunshots, type of gun, area of the head and neck affected and who did the ...
Análisis de las consecuencias de asociar un elemento elástico a una ortesis activa de rodilla
Capsi Morales, Patricia
2015-01-01
Este trabajo presenta las consecuencias de incorporar un elemento elástico al actuador de una ortesis activa de rodilla. Para ello, se realiza el análisis dinámico de un modelo biomecánico con distintos diseños para el sistema de actuación de la ortesis de rodilla integrada. Con la finalidad de estudiar las ventajas y desventajas debidas a su incorporación, se determina la dinámica de cada diseño y se realiza una comparación sobre los parámetros relevantes en el ámbito. El estudio se enmar...
The Effect of Breast Cancer Fatalism on Breast Cancer Awareness Among Turkish Women.
Altintas, Hulya Kulakci; Ayyildiz, Tulay Kuzlu; Veren, Funda; Topan, Aysel Kose
2017-10-01
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of breast cancer fatalism and other factors on breast cancer awareness among Turkish women. This cross-sectional and comparative descriptive study was conducted with 894 women. Data were collected by Personal Information Form, Powe Fatalism Inventory and Champion's Health Belief Model Scale. Seriousness, health motivation, BSE benefits and BSE self-efficacy perceptions of the women were moderate, and susceptibility and BSE barriers perceptions were low. It was determined that awareness of breast cancer of the women was affected by breast cancer fatalism, age, education level, employment status, marital status, family type, economic status, social assurance, menopause status, family history of cancer, family history of breast cancer, knowledge on BSE, source of information on BSE, performing of BSE, frequency of BSE performing, having a problem with breast, having a breast examination in hospital, feeling during breast examination by healthcare professional, sex of healthcare professional for breast examination and their health beliefs (p breast cancer of the women was affected by breast cancer fatalism. In providing breast cancer early diagnosis behaviors, it is recommended to evaluate fatalism perceptions and health beliefs of the women and to arrange educational programs for this purpose.
Outcome similarity modulates retroactive interference between cues trained apart
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Oskar Pineño
2005-01-01
Full Text Available La semejanza de las consecuencias modula la interferencia retroactiva entre claves entrenadas separadamente. La interferencia retroactiva entre claves entrenadas separadamente ha sido considerada como un efecto que ocurre debido a que las asociaciones diana e interfiriente comparten una consecuencia común. Aunque este punto de vista es consistente con la evidencia en la tradición del aprendizaje verbal (Underwood, 1966 y, más recientemente, en el aprendizaje predictivo con humanos (Pineño y Matute, 2000, se ha llevado a cabo escasa investigación para averiguar si la ocurrencia de este efecto depende críticamente de que las asociaciones diana e interfiriente compartan una consecuencia idéntica. El presente experimento estudió, en aprendizaje predictivo con humanos, la interferencia retroactiva entre claves entrenadas separadamente en función de la semejanza de las consecuencias emparejadas con las claves. Se encontró una interferencia más fuerte cuando las claves fueron emparejadas con la misma consecuencia que cuando fueron emparejadas con consecuencias similares o diferentes.
[Anaerobiospirillum thomasii bacteremia with fatal outcome].
Streitenberger, Edgardo R; Chavez, Claudio M; Rizzo, Mabel S; Suarez, Ariel I
2015-01-01
Anaerobiospirillum thomasii has been reported as a causative agent of diarrhea in humans; however no bacteremia associated with this pathogen has been described so far. We present here the first case of fatal A. thomasii bacteremia in an alcoholic patient. Copyright © 2015 Asociación Argentina de Microbiología. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.
A Unique Fatal Moose Attack Mimicking Homicide.
Gudmannsson, Petur; Berge, Johan; Druid, Henrik; Ericsson, Göran; Eriksson, Anders
2018-03-01
Fatalities caused by animal attacks are rare, but have the potential to mimic homicide. We present a case in which a moose attacked and killed a woman who was walking her dog in a forest. Autopsy showed widespread blunt trauma with a large laceration on one leg in which blades of grass were embedded. Flail chest was the cause of death. The case was initially conceived as homicide by means of a riding lawn mower. A review of the case by moose experts and analyses of biological trace material that proved to originate from moose, established the true source of injury. The dog probably provoked a moose, which, in response, stomped and gored the victim to death. The injuries resembled those previously reported from attacks by cattle and water buffalo. Fatal moose attacks constitute an extremely rare threat in boreal areas, but can be considered in traumatic deaths of unknown cause. © 2017 American Academy of Forensic Sciences.
A Rare Fatal Complication of Llizarov Procedure.
Sikary, Asit Kumar; Kumar, Mahesh; Dhaka, Shivani; Subramanian, Arulselvi
2018-03-01
Ilizarov process is used for the management of multiple fractures, polytrauma conditions, cosmetic limb lengthening, and fracture malunion. Complications associated with the process are nerve palsy, joint contracture, premature or delayed osseous consolidation, a nonunion and permanent stiffness of the joint, pin tract infection, edema, and transient paresthesia, etc. In our case, there was a fatal complication. A 25-year-old African lady underwent the Ilizarov procedure for femur lengthening in a hospital in New Delhi, India. During her first distraction process, she suddenly collapsed at the hospital and could not be revived. At postmortem, a small hematoma was seen around the surgically fractured area. On histopathology of internal organs, fat globules were present in the vasculature of brain and lungs. Cause of death was opined as due to fat embolism. This is the first case reported of a fatal fat embolism following Ilizarov procedure for limb lengthening in a healthy adult. © 2018 American Academy of Forensic Sciences.
Children in Hot Cars Result in Fatal Consequences
... Health Tips » Holiday and Seasonal Children in Hot Cars Result in Fatal Consequences Emergency physicians are warning ... it bluntly, leaving your child in a hot car is like leaving your child in a lit ...
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Amir Masoud Rahimi
Full Text Available Abstract This paper proposed an integrated algorithm of neuro-fuzzy techniques to examine the complex impact of socio-technical influencing factors on road fatalities. The proposed algorithm could handle complexity, non-linearity and fuzziness in the modeling environment due to its mechanism. The Neuro-fuzzy algorithm for determination of the potential influencing factors on road fatalities consisted of two phases. In the first phase, intelligent techniques are compared for their improved accuracy in predicting fatality rate with respect to some socio-technical influencing factors. Then in the second phase, sensitivity analysis is performed to calculate the pure effect on fatality rate of the potential influencing factors. The applicability and usefulness of the proposed algorithm is illustrated using the data in Iran provincial road transportation systems in the time period 2012-2014. Results show that road design improvement, number of trips, and number of passengers are the most influencing factors on provincial road fatality rate.
Crítica al absolutismo moral consecuencialista
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Garcia Gibson, Francisco
2018-01-01
Full Text Available En este trabajo evalúo críticamente tres argumentos a favor del absolutismo moral. Quizás sorprendentemente, estos argumentos justifican el absolutismo por sus consecuencias. El primer argumento parte de señalar ciertos sesgos cognoscitivos de la epistemología humana para mostrar que tratar a las normas morales como absolutas maximiza nuestra conformidad con esas normas. El segundo argumento sostiene que en casos en que sería imposible compensar la infracción de un derecho debemos tratar a ese derecho como absoluto, de lo contrario los derechos perderían toda relevancia práctica. El tercer argumento parte del valor intrínseco de las relaciones especiales, como la amistad, para mostrar que si no tratamos a las obligaciones especiales como absolutas, las relaciones especiales se verán socavadas. Los tres argumentos fallan porque no logran mostrar que tratar a ciertas normas morales como absolutas sea necesario ni suficiente para lograr las consecuencias importantes que los argumentos identifican.
Pilot Certification, Age of Pilot, and Drug Use in Fatal Civil Aviation Accidents.
Akparibo, Issaka Y; Stolfi, Adrienne
2017-10-01
This study examined the association between mean age of pilot, pilot license, pilot medical certificate and drug use trends in pilots fatally injured in aircraft accidents. The prevalence of prescription drugs, OTC drugs, controlled drugs and drugs that may be potentially impairing was also examined. This study was a descriptive observational study in which the NTSB Aviation Accident Database was searched from the period beginning January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2014. During the study period a total of 706 accidents involving 711 fatalities were investigated by the NTSB. This study included 633 of these accidents, involving 646 fatalities. Of these pilots, 42.1% had drugs in their biological samples. The prevalence of prescription drugs, controlled drugs, OTC drugs, opioids, and potentially impairing drugs in the fatally injured pilot population over the study period was 28.9%, 15.0%, 20.1%, 5.1%, and 25.5%, respectively. Pilots with any drugs in their samples were significantly older than those without drugs. Medical certificate held was associated with drug use; pilots who held third class certificates had the highest prevalence at 54.1%. Pilot license was not associated with drug use. In 3.8% of the accidents, drugs were a contributing factor in the cause. Despite current FAA medical regulations, potentially impairing drugs are frequently found in biological samples of fatally injured pilots in the U.S. More education of airmen by aviation medical examiners is needed on the safety of drug use.Akparibo IY, Stolfi A. Pilot certification, age of pilot, and drug use in fatal civil aviation accidents. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2017; 88(10):931-936.
Fatal intimate partner violence against women in Portugal: a forensic medical national study.
Pereira, Ana Rita; Vieira, Duarte Nuno; Magalhães, Teresa
2013-11-01
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is an important cause of women's health and socio-familial severe problems, the most extreme being the victims' homicide. This is the first nationwide Portuguese autopsy-based and judicial-proven study about female intimate partner homicide. At least 62 women over 15 years old were killed by current or former men-intimate partners, corresponding to an IPV-related female mortality rate of 0.44/100.000 women; intimate partner violence was the reason of homicide in 60.8% of all autopsied women. The typical Portuguese victim showed to be a young adult woman, employed, killed by a current husband in a long-term relationship, usually with children in common and with a history of previous IPV. The typical Portuguese perpetrator showed to be older than the victim, employed, owning a firearm and without criminal records. At the time of the fatal event 59.7% of the relationships were current. In 57.9% of the former relationships women were killed during the 1st year after its terminus. Near half of the perpetrators attempted or committed suicide afterward. Most women were killed by gunshot wounds (45.2%), especially in the thorax (48.4%), with multiple fatal injuries; 56.5% also presented non-fatal injuries. The detection of prior IPV and the risk evaluation seems to be fundamental to decrease these fatal outcomes, but also, the prevention of perpetrators' alcohol abuse and carrying weapons. This work emphasizes the need to deepen the research on this issue, aiming to contribute to prevent both fatal and non-fatal IPV-related cases. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd and Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine. All rights reserved.
Fototoxicidad tras exposición a ruta graveolens
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P. Zayas-Pinedo
2014-12-01
Full Text Available La fototoxicidad es un tipo de reacción cutánea inflamatoria que se produce como consecuencia de la exposición a una sustancia química en combinación con la exposición a radiaciones lumínicas. Ruta graveolens, comúnmente llamada ruda, ha sido descrita en numerosas publicaciones como sustancia causante de reacciones de fototoxicidad. Presentamos el caso de una pareja que sufrió una reacción de fototoxicidad que requirió ingreso en la Unidad de Quemados como consecuencia del contacto con una infusión de ruda y posterior exposición solar. Consideramos que todo profesional que se ocupa del tratamiento de quemaduras debe incluir las fitofotodermatitis dentro del diagnóstico diferencial de las pérdidas cutáneas de espesor parcial.
Causes of Fatal Accidents Involving Cranes in the Australian Construction Industry
Gharaie, Ehsan; Lingard, Helen; Cooke, Tracy
2015-01-01
In ten years from 2004 to 2013, 359 workers died in the Australian construction industry because of work related causes. This paper investigates crane-related fatalities in order to find the upstream causation of such accidents. The National Coroners’ Information System (NCIS) database was searched to identify fatal accidents in the construction industry involving the use of a crane. The narrative description of the cases provided in the coroners’ findings and associated documents were conte...
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Tun-Linn Thein
Full Text Available OBJECTIVES: To identify demographic, clinical and laboratory risk factors for death due to dengue fever in adult patients in Singapore. METHODS: Multi-center retrospective study of hospitalized adult patients with confirmed dengue fever in Singapore between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2008. Non-fatal controls were selected by matching age and year of infection with fatal cases. World Health Organization 1997, 2009 criteria were applied to define dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF, warning signs and severe dengue. Statistical significance was assessed by conditional logistic regression modeling. RESULTS: Significantly more fatal cases than matched controls had pre-existing co-morbid conditions, and presented with abdominal pain/tenderness. Median pulse rates were significantly higher while myalgia was significantly less frequent in cases. . Fatal cases also had higher leucocyte counts, platelet counts, serum sodium, potassium, urea, creatine and bilirubin levels on admission compared to controls. There was no statistical significant difference between the prevalence of DHF and hematocrit level among cases and controls. Multivariate analysis showed myalgia and leucocyte count at presentation were independent predictors of fatality (adjusted odds ratios 0.09 and 2.94 respectively. None of the controls was admitted to intensive care unit (ICU or given blood transfusion, while 71.4% and 28.6% of fatal cases received ICU admission and blood transfusion. CONCLUSIONS: Absence of myalgia and leucocytosis on admission were independently associated with fatality in our matched case-control study. Fatalities were also commonly associated with co-morbidities and clinicians should be alarmed if dengue patients fulfilled severe dengue case definition on admission.
Desarrollo motor como indicador del desarrollo infantil durante los primeros dos años de vida
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Ernesto Pollitt
2010-12-01
Full Text Available El propósito de este trabajo es fundamentar la selección del área motora en niños/as de 3 a 24 meses de edad como indicador del desarrollo integral infantil para su aplicación enestudios poblacionales. El conocimiento de las diferencias objetivas en el desarrollo infantil entre regiones, departamentos, altura sobre el nivel del mar, etc., ayudará a la identificación de algunas de las causas que explican esas diferencias, lo que se convierte en informaciónrelevante para la programación social necesaria para la prevención de esas diferencias o la atenuación de sus consecuencias a nivel poblacional. -- The purpose of this study is to support the notion of the motor area as indicator of integrated child development in children from 3 to 24 months old, for its use in population studies.Knowledge of the objective differences in child development will help identify some of the causes that explain these differences and is relevant to the social programming necessary to prevent or mitigate its consequences in the population.
A review of fatal accident incidence rate trends in fishing international
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Jensen, Olaf; Pétursdóttir, G; Abrahamsen, Annbjørg
2014-01-01
Background. Injury prevention in fishing is one of the most important occupational health challenges. The aim was to describe and compare internationally the trends of the fatal injury incidence rates and to discuss the impact of the implemented safety programs. Methods. The review is based...... on journal articles and reports from the maritime authorities in Poland, UK, Norway, Iceland, Denmark, US and Alaska and Canada. The original incidence rates were recalculated as per 1000 person-years for international comparison of the trends. Results. The risk of fatal accidents in fishing in the northern...... countries has been reduced by around 50% to an average of about 1 per 1000 person-years. Norway and Canada keep the lowest rates with around 0.5 and 0.25 per 1000 person-years. About half of the fatal injuries are related to vessel disasters and drowning. The safety programs seem to have good effects still...
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Joan Francesc Fondevila Gascón
2010-01-01
Full Text Available El análisis retrospectivo de las causas y consecuencias de fenómenos tecnológicos y telecomunicativos y elhallazgo de los elementos o los parámetros que provocan que en situaciones y proyectos empresariales similares losresultados sean dispares es tarea científicamente compleja. A tal efecto, y ante la dificultad que entraña ese cometido,en esta investigación procedemos a aplicar la técnica de los insights como punto de partida para el desarrollo de productostecnológicamente innovadores, que realmente pueden satisfacer las necesidades ocultas del consumidor. Comomuestra, analizamos la aplicación de la técnica de los insights en un operador de telecomunicaciones y una apuestatecnológica (Vodafone y la tecnología PLC en la fase de desarrollo de las telecomunicaciones en España desde 1995a 2006.
Boxing fatalities in relation to rule changes in Japan: secondary data analysis.
Teramoto, Masaru; Cross, Chad L; Cushman, Daniel M; Willick, Stuart E
2018-01-18
To examine whether changing weigh-in from the same day of the match to the day before the match and prohibiting 6-oz gloves are associated with fatalities in boxing matches sanctioned by the Japan Boxing Commission (JBC). We analyzed the rates of boxing fatalities before and after the two rule changes above via secondary analysis of data. Demographics and boxing records of deceased boxers were examined using descriptive statistics, exact binomial test the Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test and Fisher's exact tests. As of this study, a total of 38 boxers (23.9 ± 3.3 years of age) reportedly died due to injuries sustained in JBC-sanctioned boxing matches since 1952. Changing weigh-in to the day before the match or prohibiting 6-oz gloves was not significantly associated with the rates of boxing fatalities 5 years and 10 years before and after the rule changes (p > 0.05). Deceased boxers after these rule changes were significantly older, completed significantly more rounds in the final match, and were significantly less likely to lose the previous match (prior to the final match) and to do so by knockouts (p boxing fatalities.
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Concepción Company Company
2001-06-01
Full Text Available Es un hecho bien sabido en la teoría de cambio lingüístico que los procesos de gramaticalización operan como un canal unidireccional que en general de manera dinámica, entre otras consecuencias, desgastan significados referenciales, más concretos, y crean o recrean significados más abstractos y más gramaticales, los cuales suelen convivir durante siglos al lado de los originarios significados etimológicos referenciales. Lo que no es muy común es encontrar cambios dentro de una misma lengua que muestren de manera completa ese proceso, y donde se pueda observar y documentar, vía el análisis de contextos y de las frecuencias relativas de uso de las entidades involucradas,…
Fatal haemoptysis from the pulmonary artery as a late complication of pulmonary irradiation
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Makker, H.K.; Barnes, P.C.
1991-01-01
Fatal massive haemoptysis occured as a late complication of erosion of the pulmonary artery by a non-malignant ulcer of the left main bronchus. Symptoms attributed to radiation pulmonary fibrosis are uncommon. We report a case of fatal massive haemoptysis in a patient known to have postirradiation pulmonary fibrosis. (author)
Accounting for unsearched areas in estimating wind turbine-caused fatality
Huso, Manuela M.P.; Dalthorp, Dan
2014-01-01
With wind energy production expanding rapidly, concerns about turbine-induced bird and bat fatality have grown and the demand for accurate estimation of fatality is increasing. Estimation typically involves counting carcasses observed below turbines and adjusting counts by estimated detection probabilities. Three primary sources of imperfect detection are 1) carcasses fall into unsearched areas, 2) carcasses are removed or destroyed before sampling, and 3) carcasses present in the searched area are missed by observers. Search plots large enough to comprise 100% of turbine-induced fatality are expensive to search and may nonetheless contain areas unsearchable because of dangerous terrain or impenetrable brush. We evaluated models relating carcass density to distance from the turbine to estimate the proportion of carcasses expected to fall in searched areas and evaluated the statistical cost of restricting searches to areas near turbines where carcass density is highest and search conditions optimal. We compared 5 estimators differing in assumptions about the relationship of carcass density to distance from the turbine. We tested them on 6 different carcass dispersion scenarios at each of 3 sites under 2 different search regimes. We found that even simple distance-based carcass-density models were more effective at reducing bias than was a 5-fold expansion of the search area. Estimators incorporating fitted rather than assumed models were least biased, even under restricted searches. Accurate estimates of fatality at wind-power facilities will allow critical comparisons of rates among turbines, sites, and regions and contribute to our understanding of the potential environmental impact of this technology.
New, Leslie; Bjerre, Emily; Millsap, Brian; Otto, Mark C; Runge, Michael C
2015-01-01
Wind power is a major candidate in the search for clean, renewable energy. Beyond the technical and economic challenges of wind energy development are environmental issues that may restrict its growth. Avian fatalities due to collisions with rotating turbine blades are a leading concern and there is considerable uncertainty surrounding avian collision risk at wind facilities. This uncertainty is not reflected in many models currently used to predict the avian fatalities that would result from proposed wind developments. We introduce a method to predict fatalities at wind facilities, based on pre-construction monitoring. Our method can directly incorporate uncertainty into the estimates of avian fatalities and can be updated if information on the true number of fatalities becomes available from post-construction carcass monitoring. Our model considers only three parameters: hazardous footprint, bird exposure to turbines and collision probability. By using a Bayesian analytical framework we account for uncertainties in these values, which are then reflected in our predictions and can be reduced through subsequent data collection. The simplicity of our approach makes it accessible to ecologists concerned with the impact of wind development, as well as to managers, policy makers and industry interested in its implementation in real-world decision contexts. We demonstrate the utility of our method by predicting golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) fatalities at a wind installation in the United States. Using pre-construction data, we predicted 7.48 eagle fatalities year-1 (95% CI: (1.1, 19.81)). The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service uses the 80th quantile (11.0 eagle fatalities year-1) in their permitting process to ensure there is only a 20% chance a wind facility exceeds the authorized fatalities. Once data were available from two-years of post-construction monitoring, we updated the fatality estimate to 4.8 eagle fatalities year-1 (95% CI: (1.76, 9.4); 80th quantile, 6
How did the economic recession (2008-2010) influence traffic fatalities in OECD-countries?
Wegman, Fred; Allsop, Richard; Antoniou, Constantinos; Bergel-Hayat, Ruth; Elvik, Rune; Lassarre, Sylvain; Lloyd, Daryl; Wijnen, Wim
2017-05-01
This paper presents analyses of how the economic recession that started in 2008 has influenced the number of traffic fatalities in OECD countries. Previous studies of the relationship between economic recessions and changes in the number of traffic fatalities are reviewed. Based on these studies, a causal diagram of the relationship between changes of the business cycle and changes in the number of traffic fatalities is proposed. This causal model is tested empirically by means of multivariate analyses and analyses of accident statistics for Great Britain and Sweden. Economic recession, as indicated both by slower growth of, or decline of gross national product, and by increased unemployment is associated with an accelerated decline in the number of traffic fatalities, i.e. a larger decline than the long-term trend that is normal in OECD countries. The principal mechanisms bringing this about are a disproportionate reduction of driving among high-risk drivers, in particular young drivers and a reduction of fatality rate per kilometre of travel, probably attributable to changes in road user behaviour that are only partly observable. The total number of vehicle kilometres of travel did not change very much as a result of the recession. The paper is based on an ITF-report that presents the analyses in greater detail. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Children in Hot Cars Result in Fatal Consequences
Full Text Available ... Health Tips » Holiday and Seasonal Children in Hot Cars Result in Fatal Consequences Emergency physicians are warning ... with leaving anyone, especially children in hot, unventilated vehicles during the summer. Children throughout the country die ...
Children in Hot Cars Result in Fatal Consequences
Full Text Available ... Health Tips » Holiday and Seasonal Children in Hot Cars Result in Fatal Consequences Emergency physicians are warning ... it bluntly, leaving your child in a hot car is like leaving your child in a lit ...
General dependencies and causality analysis of road traffic fatalities in OECD countries.
Yaseen, Muhammad Rizwan; Ali, Qamar; Khan, Muhammad Tariq Iqbal
2018-05-07
The road traffic accidents were responsible for material and human loss which was equal to 2.8 to 5% of gross national product (GNP). However, literature does not explore the elasticity coefficients and nexus of road traffic fatalities with foreign direct investment, health expenditures, trade openness, mobile subscriptions, the number of researchers in R&D department, and environmental particulate matter. This study filled this research gap by exploring the nexus between road traffic fatalities, foreign direct investment, health expenditures, trade openness, mobile subscriptions, the number of researchers, and environmental particulate matter in Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries by using panel data from 1995 to 2015. The panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bound test was used for the detection of cointegration between the variables after checking the stationarity in selected variables with different panel unit root tests. Panel vector error correction model explored the causality of road traffic fatalities, foreign direct investment, PM2.5 in the environment, and trade openness in the long run. Road traffic fatalities showed short run bi-directional causality with foreign direct investment and health expenditures. The short run bi-directional causality was also observed between trade and foreign direct investment and cellular mobile subscriptions and foreign direct investment. The panel fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS) and panel dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS) showed the 0.947% reduction in road fatalities for 1% increase in the health expenditures in OECD countries. The significant reduction in road fatalities was also observed due to 1% increase in trade openness and researchers in R&D, which implies the importance of trade and research for road safety. It is required to invest in the health sector for the safety of precious human lives like the hospitals with latest medical equipment and improvement
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Isabel Cristina Salazar Torres
2004-01-01
Full Text Available El consumo de sustancias psicoactivas es una problemática creciente en la población juvenil. Éstas han empezado a tomar un papel central en su vida, en la medida en que cumplen una función facilitadora frente a situaciones aversivas en las que tienen poco sentido de control y eficacia personal. Como consecuencia, surgen alteraciones biológicas, comportamentales, cognitivas y emocionales en los jóvenes consumidores, afectando su modo de vivir y de quienes los rodean. En la investigación (Salazar, Arrivillaga y Gómez, 2002 se encontró, con relación al consumo de Alcohol, Tabaco y otras Drogas que los jóvenes tiene Estilos de Vida Poco Saludables y que no existe diferencia significativa entre quienes tienen prácticas saludables y quienes no las tienen, a pesar de tener creencias favorables en este sentido. Estos resultados conducen a la discusión sobre los focos y prioridades de intervención con jóvenes en una institución universitaria.
El objeto de la sociología. Hecho social y consecuencias no intencionadas de la acción
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EMILIO LAMO DE ESPINOSA
1989-01-01
Full Text Available La definición del objeto de la sociología ha oscilado entre versiones objetivistas (el hecho social de Durkheim o versiones nominalistas (la teoría de la acción de Weber. A partir del dato de que el extrañamiento de la sociedad forma parte de la experiencia cotidiana de los actores, se trata de fundamentar este extrañamiento en las consecuencias no queridas de la acción, distinguiendo así entre acción y acto resultante. La función de la sociología es restablecer la transparencia colectiva en un mundo cuya diversificación hace que los actores no sepan lo que producen.
On the road again: traffic fatalities and auto insurance minimums
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Pavel A. Yakovlev
2018-03-01
Full Text Available Prior research on policy-induced moral hazard effects in the auto insurance market has focused on the impact of compulsory insurance, no-fault liability, and tort liability laws on traffic fatalities. In contrast, this paper examines the moral hazard effect of a previously overlooked policy variable: minimum auto insurance coverage. We hypothesize that state-mandated auto insurance minimums may “over-insure” some drivers, lowering their incentives to drive carefully. Using a longitudinal panel of American states from 1982 to 2006, we find that policy-induced increases in auto insurance minimums are associated with higher traffic fatality rates, ceteris paribus.
[Fatal occupational accidents: estimates based on more data sources].
Baldasseroni, A; Chellini, E; Zoppi, O; Giovannetti, L
2001-01-01
The data reported by INAIL (Istituto Nazionale Assicurazione Infortuni sul Lavoro) on fatal occupational injuries have always been considered complete and reliable. The authors of this article verified the completeness of this information source crossing it with data bases existing in different registration systems (Regional Mortality Registry of Tuscany--RMR; registers and data of the Operative Units of Prevention, Hygiene and Safety in the Workplace--UOPISLL) for the period between 1992 and 1996. In the five years concerned, a total of 458 cases were reported. These cases could be considered fatal injuries at work without taking into account traffic accidents, which were not included in the present study. The results show that the most complete information source was RMR, reporting 80% of the total data, while INAIL reports only 62.2% of the total cases. On the contrary, the UOPISLL source is the least reliable. Using the capture/recapture method, the estimate of events in the period concerned (1992-1996) amounts to nearly 500 (499.8 LC 475.9-523.7), while the three sources systematically explored for the whole period (INAIL, RMR, UOSPILL) report 458 cases. An additional information source, the daily press, which could be systematically tested only two months for each of the five years, reports 10 additional cases, which were ignored by the 3 other sources, indirectly confirming in this way how reliable the performed estimate was. The main cases among the 157 fatal accidents reported by RMR, but not by INAIL, occurred among farmers (70), most of them already retired, but there were several fatal accidents reported in the construction sector (30). Other categories were included only in the RMR data because, in the period concerned, they were not covered by INAIL insurance (18 cases in the Army and Police, 7 on the railways). The survey that was carried out confirms the essential importance of INAIL data for the surveillance system applied to this phenomenon. This
Serious Injury and Fatality Investigations Involving Pneumatic Nail Guns, 1985-2012
Lowe, Brian D.; Albers, James T.; Hudock, Stephen D.; Krieg, Edward F.
2016-01-01
Background This paper examines serious and fatal pneumatic nail gun (PNG) injury investigations for workplace, tool design, and human factors relevant to causation and resulting OS&H authorities’ responses in terms of citations and penalties. Methods The U.S. OSHA database of Fatality and Catastrophe Investigation Summaries (F&CIS) were reviewed (1985 - 2012) to identify n=258 PNG accidents. Results 79.8% of investigations, and 100% of fatalities, occurred in the Construction industry. Between 53-71% of injuries appear preventable had a safer sequential trigger tool been used. Citations and monetary penalties were related to injury severity, body part injured, disabling of safety devices, and insufficient personal protective equipment (PPE). Conclusions Differences may exist between Construction and other industries in investigators interpretations of PNG injury causation and resulting citations/penalties. Violations of PPE standards were penalized most severely, yet the preventive effect of PPE would likely have been less than that of a safer sequential trigger. PMID:26725335
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Koyin Chang
2013-09-01
Full Text Available To understand the impact of drinking and driving laws on drinking and driving fatality rates, this study explored the different effects these laws have on areas with varying severity rates for drinking and driving. Unlike previous studies, this study employed quantile regression analysis. Empirical results showed that policies based on local conditions must be used to effectively reduce drinking and driving fatality rates; that is, different measures should be adopted to target the specific conditions in various regions. For areas with low fatality rates (low quantiles, people’s habits and attitudes toward alcohol should be emphasized instead of transportation safety laws because “preemptive regulations” are more effective. For areas with high fatality rates (or high quantiles, “ex-post regulations” are more effective, and impact these areas approximately 0.01% to 0.05% more than they do areas with low fatality rates.
Poverty and fatalism: Impacts on the community dynamics and on hope in Brazilian residents.
Cidade, Elívia Camurça; Moura, James Ferreira; Nepomuceno, Bárbara Barbosa; Ximenes, Verônica Morais; Sarriera, Jorge Castellá
2016-01-01
The aim of this study was to analyze the consequences of poverty on expressions of fatalism, hope, and sense of community of two Brazilian States: Ceará and Rio Grande do Sul. Seven-hundred and thirty-one people, divided in four groups (extreme poverty, poverty, median income, and adequate income) answered a questionnaire. The variables sense of community and hope were found to be predictors of fatalism. Individuals in situations of poverty and extreme poverty showed high indices of fatalism, pessimism, divinity control, and luck, and low indices of hope and sense of community. Individuals with adequate income have low levels of fatalism, pessimism, and divinity control. It is concluded that poverty has consequences on the life of those who experience it, and that attitudes of pessimism, hopelessness, and belief in luck as well as the weakening of community networks, articulate and support the maintenance of the status quo.
Children in Hot Cars Result in Fatal Consequences
Full Text Available ... Tips Campaigns SUBSCRIBE Health Tips Share this! Home » Health Tips » Holiday and Seasonal Children in Hot Cars Result in Fatal Consequences Emergency physicians are warning the public about the overwhelming dangers associated with leaving anyone, ...
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Ibeth Villanueva Sarmiento
2013-07-01
Full Text Available Abstract This paper reflects the results of the theoretical Project funded by Colciencias: “Psycho-legal points of view on incest in Caribbean region” is linked to the objective of this project, which is to identify risk factors related to the incest perpetrator and his family. With regards to the sex abuser’s profile, family and the child victim specifically, there were psychological consequences to the victim due to the sexual abuse. In most cases of children who have suffered sexual abuse during their childhood, the abuser is a family member or someone close to the family. Incest victims feel a disruption in their development in all areas of their lives: physical, emotional, cognitive and interpersonal. Resumen El presente artículo de reflexión muestra resultados del proyecto financiado por Colciencias: “Perspectiva psicojurídica del incesto en la región Caribe”, referente al objetivo de identificar factores de riesgo en el incesto, relacionados con el victimario y su familia. Más específicamente, en lo relativo al perfil del abusador sexual, la familia y el niño víctima, así como en las consecuencias psicológicas del abuso sexual para la víctima. En la mayoría de los niños que han sufrido abuso sexual en la infancia, el abusador resulta ser un familiar directo o una persona próxima al grupo familiar. Las víctimas de incesto ven perturbadas sus posibilidades de desarrollo en todas las áreas de su vida: física, emocional, cognitiva e interpersonal.
Estimating wind-turbine-caused bird and bat fatality when zero carcasses are observed
Huso, Manuela M.P.; Dalthorp, Daniel; Dail, David; Madsen, Lisa
2015-01-01
Many wind-power facilities in the United States have established effective monitoring programs to determine turbine-caused fatality rates of birds and bats, but estimating the number of fatalities of rare species poses special difficulties. The loss of even small numbers of individuals may adversely affect fragile populations, but typically, few (if any) carcasses are observed during monitoring. If monitoring design results in only a small proportion of carcasses detected, then finding zero carcasses may give little assurance that the number of actual fatalities is small. Fatality monitoring at wind-power facilities commonly involves conducting experiments to estimate the probability (g) an individual will be observed, accounting for the possibilities that it falls in an unsearched area, is scavenged prior to detection, or remains undetected even when present. When g ~0.45. Further, we develop extensions for temporal replication that can inform prior distributions of M and methods for combining information across several areas or time periods. We apply the method to data collected at a wind-power facility where scheduled searches yielded X = 0 raptor carcasses
Estimating wind-turbine-caused bird and bat fatality when zero carcasses are observed.
Huso, Manuela M P; Dalthorp, Dan; Dail, David; Madsen, Lisa
2015-07-01
Many wind-power facilities in the United States have established effective monitoring programs to determine turbine-caused fatality rates of birds and bats, but estimating the number of fatalities of rare species poses special difficulties. The loss of even small numbers of individuals may adversely affect fragile populations, but typically, few (if any) carcasses are observed during monitoring. If monitoring design results in only a small proportion of carcasses detected, then finding zero carcasses may give little assurance that the number of actual fatalities is small. Fatality monitoring at wind-power facilities commonly involves conducting experiments to estimate the probability (g) an individual will be observed, accounting for the possibilities that it falls in an unsearched area, is scavenged prior to detection, or remains undetected even when present. When g -0.45. Further, we develop extensions for temporal replication that can inform prior distributions of M and methods for combining information across several areas or time periods. We apply the method to data collected at a wind-power facility where scheduled searches yielded X = 0 raptor carcasses.
Cidoncha Romá, Aitana
2017-01-01
Treball Final de Grau en Psicologia. Codi: PS1048. Curs acadèmic: 2016/2017 En este trabajo se realizó una revisión bibliográfica sobre las principales causas y los distintos conflictos que se ocasionan en las relaciones de pareja, además de identificar los factores de satisfacción de la pareja. Se revisó toda la bibliografía relacionada con las relaciones de pareja, conflictos, satisfacción y consecuencias psicológicas en las distintas bases de datos. Tras la búsqueda se seleccionaron 53 ...
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Oscar Henao
2007-08-01
Full Text Available Las arritmias ventriculares usualmente se presentan como consecuencia de isquemia miocárdica aguda, lo cual causa la mayoría de las muertes súbitas. La heterogeneidad cardiaca tanto funcional (diferente comportamiento eléctrico en los miocitos como bioquímica (diferentes concentraciones iónicas en isquemia, altera el comportamiento eléctrico del ventrículo y genera dispersión en la repolarización del potencial de acción, por lo que se convierte en sustrato funcional para la generación de arritmias fatales. En este trabajo se revisan las técnicas experimentales para el estudio y la detección de arritmias por reentrada, y se valida un modelo geométrico de isquemia, en presencia de heterogeneidad eléctrica en la región transmural de la pared ventricular. Para ello se utilizaron simulaciones bidimensionales de un modelo biofísicamente detallado y se obtuvieron reentradas lobulares en diferentes configuraciones de las células M de la pared ventricular.Ventricular arrhythmias usually appear as consequence of acute myocardial ischemia, responsible for most of sudden deaths. Functional (different electrical behavior of myocytes as well as biochemical (different ionic concentrations during ischemia cardiac heterogeneity alter the ventricle electric performance and generate dispersion in the action potential repolarization that turns into functional substrate for the generation of fatal arrhythmias. In this work the experimental techniques for the study and detection of arrhythmias by re-entry are reviewed and a geometrical model of ischemia is validated in the presence of electrical heterogeneity in the trans-mural region of the ventricular wall. For this purpose, bi-dimensional simulations of a detailed biophysical model were used and lobular re-entries in different configurations of the M cells of the ventricular wall were obtained.
Fatal haemorrhagic duodenal mucormycosis in a non-immunocompromised host: A case report
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Simbarashe G. Mungazi
2017-09-01
Full Text Available Mucormycosis is an opportunistic infection caused by the fungi of the Mucorales order of the class Zygomycetes. Gastrointestinal mucormycosis is an uncommon, fatal condition accounting for only 7% of the cases. We present the case of a gastroduodenal mucormycosis presenting as recurrent massive hematemesis. We report this case to alert clinicians of this rare but fatal condition and to encourage further research into its pathogenesis and management.
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Oriol ALONSO CANO
2016-09-01
Full Text Available Este lacónico estudio pretende ser una reflexión en torno a la problemática de la amnesia anterógrada, y sus diferentes consecuencias. Una de ellas, que es la que se va a defender a lo largo del texto, radica en que, el sujeto amnésico anterógrado, representa, de una forma diáfana, la subjetividad empirista establecida por John Locke1 y radicalizada por David Hume2.Asimismo, para realizar esta investigación, se ha escogido un caso concreto para poder determinar con absoluta precisión el fenómeno amnésico anterógrada. En particular, este caso en el que se ha acogido el estudio es el personaje Leonard Shelby (Lenny del film de culto Memento (2000 de Christopher Nolan.En la primera parte del estudio, se explica de una forma sinóptica la estructura del film, así como los acontecimientos que le ocurren a Lenny y que determinan su patología. Unida a esta explicación, se sacan a la luz varias cuestiones problemáticas que el caso de Lenny acarrea, como, verbigracia, el problema de la identidad y la ruptura de la conciencia inmutable y “substancialista”.Ulteriormente, el estudio se dirige hacia una dilucidación del fenómeno de la amnesia anterógrada. Para ello, la investigación se encaminará por uno de los primeros casos detectados (el paciente HM, y se destacarán las diferentes características de esta realidad patológica. Se observarán las diferentes estructuras cerebrales implicadas en la enfermedad, así como a varias cuestiones que parecen problematizar la definición inicial de amnesia anterógrada.Finalmente, se observará como, una vez dilucidadas todas las características, la figura del amnésico anterógrada encarna el sujeto empirista que impulsan tanto Locke1 como Hume2, debido a la ruptura de toda perspectiva futurista, al carecer de la facultad de generar nuevas experiencias y, por consiguiente, encarnar un sujeto que transita por la pura instantaneidad.
[Investigation surrounding a fatal case of yellow fever in Côte d'Ivoire in 1999].
Akoua-Koffi, C; Diarrassouba, S; Bénié, V B; Ngbichi, J M; Bozoua, T; Bosson, A; Akran, V; Carnevale, P; Ehouman, A
2001-08-01
Côte d'Ivoire is an endemic country for yellow fever, but no case was officially notified in recent years. In July 1999, however, one fatal case was reported. A German citizen was infected in the national park of Comoe, in the north eastern area of the country. In order to evaluate the extent of amaril virus circulation and the risk for local people, a virological, entomological and epidemiological investigation was carried out by the ministry of health, the OCCGE, the Côte d'Ivoire Pasteur Institute (IPCI) and the World Health Organisation in the area where the fatal case had been staying. 18 suspected and 24 confirmed mosquito catchers were identified by interview and a blood specimen was collected from each of them. In addition, 159 batches of mosquitoes from which 94 batches of potential vectors were collected; among the suspected cases, 22% were immunised against yellow fever. Serological and virological analyses were made at IPCI and the Paris Pasteur Institute by ELISA technique and isolation on cells cultures and newborn mice. All the suspicious sera and 87.5% of the catchers were positive for IgG anti-amaril virus. One catcher's serum was positive for IgM anti-amaril virus. 11 suspected sera were positive for IgG anti-dengue virus with 1 positive for IgM. 1 strain of amaril virus and 3 strains of Zika virus were isolated from mosquitoes at IPCI and confirmed by CRORA in Dakar. These results indicated that there is a yellow fever and dengue virus are prevalent among the human and vector populations in the study area. Preventive measures must be adopted to protect human beings at risk for amaril infection.
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Laura Guillermina Duarte Cáceres
2016-03-01
Full Text Available Los problemas de salud y de finanzas personales afectan a gran diversidad de hogares. La falta de un comportamiento adecuado en la administración de las finanzas produce, entre otras consecuencias, una gran ansiedad o estrés. El aumento de estrés y la ansiedad van de la mano cuando no se tiene control del dinero, haciendo de esta forma que no se alcance el bienestar financiero (Tyson, 2006. Este trabajo, a través de un estudio cuantitativo, tiene como objetivo establecer la relación entre el comportamiento financiero y el bienestar financiero. Los resultados se obtuvieron a través de una encuesta aplicada en el mes de agosto y septiembre de 2012. El análisis de la información determina que el modelo de regresión lineal explica de manera razonable la relación entre las variables comportamiento financiero y bienestar financiero
Apoptosis in fatal Ebola infection. Does the virus toll the bell for immune system?
Baize, S; Leroy, E M; Mavoungou, E; Fisher-Hoch, S P
2000-02-01
In fatal Ebola virus hemorrhagic fever massive intravascular apoptosis develops rapidly following infection and progressing relentlessly until death. While data suggest that T lymphocytes are mainly deleted by apoptosis in PBMC of human fatal cases, experimental Ebola infection in animal models have shown some evidence of destruction of lymphocytes in spleen and lymph nodes probably involving both T and B cells. Nevertheless, we are able to conclude from the accumulated evidence that early interactions between Ebola virus and the immune system, probably via macrophages, main targets for viral replication, lead to massive destruction of immune cells in fatal cases.
Martínez García, Jaime Hernán
2010-01-01
Actualmente nos encontramos y hacemos parte de una revolución tecnológica que se mueve en torno a las tecnologías de la información y comunicación. Como consecuencia, se habla de un cambio paradigmático el cual ha sido denominado “Sociedad de la información y el conocimiento”. Un campo de afectación particular al respecto son los sistemas de soporte a la dirección y a las decisiones, dentro del cual los sistemas de inteligencia de negocios promueven la cooperación entre la tecnología y la ges...
Near-fatal asthma phenotype in the ENFUMOSA Cohort
Romagnoli, M.; Caramori, G.; Braccioni, F.; Ravenna, F.; Barreiro, E.; Siafakas, N. M.; Vignola, A. M.; Chanez, P.; Fabbri, L. M.; Papi, A.; Bel, E. H.
2007-01-01
BACKGROUND: Near-fatal asthma (NFA) is characterized by severe asthma attacks usually requiring intensive care unit admission. This phenotype of asthma has been studied mainly in acute conditions. METHODS: The aim of our study was to compare the clinical, functional and inflammatory characteristics
Serious injuries: an additional indicator to fatalities for road safety benchmarking.
Shen, Yongjun; Hermans, Elke; Bao, Qiong; Brijs, Tom; Wets, Geert
2015-01-01
Almost all of the current road safety benchmarking studies focus entirely on fatalities, which, however, represent only one measure of the magnitude of the road safety problem. The main objective of this article was to investigate the possibility of including the number of serious injuries in addition to the number of fatalities for road safety benchmarking and to further illuminate its impact on the countries' rankings. We introduced the technique of data envelopment analysis (DEA) to the road safety domain and developed a DEA-based road safety model (DEA-RS) in this study. Moreover, we outlined different types of possible weight restrictions and adopted 2 of them to indicate the relationship between road fatalities and serious injuries for the sake of rational benchmarking. One was a relative weight restriction based on the information of their shadow price, and the other was a virtual weight restriction using a priori knowledge about the importance level of these 2 aspects. By computing the most optimal road safety risk scores of 10 European countries based on the different models, we found that United Kingdom was the only best-performing country no matter which model was utilized. However, countries such as The Netherlands, Sweden, and Switzerland were no longer best-performing when the serious injuries were integrated. On the contrary, Spain, which ranked almost at the bottom among all of the countries when only the number of road fatalities was considered, became a relatively well-performing country when integrating its number of serious injuries in the evaluation. In general, no matter whether the country's road safety ranking was improved or deteriorated, most of the countries achieved a higher risk score when the number of serious injuries was included, which implied that compared to the road fatalities, more policy attention has to be paid to improve the situation of serious injuries in most countries. Given the importance of considering the serious
Pedestrian fatality risk as a function of car impact speed.
Rosén, Erik; Sander, Ulrich
2009-05-01
Knowledge of the amount of violence tolerated by the human body is essential when developing and implementing pedestrian safety strategies. When estimating the potential benefits of new countermeasures, the pedestrian fatality risk as a function of impact speed is of particular importance. Although this function has been analysed previously, we state that a proper understanding does not exist. Based on the largest in-depth, pedestrian accident study undertaken to date, we derive an improved risk function for adult pedestrians hit by the front of passenger cars. Our results show far lower fatality risks than generally reported in the traffic safety literature. This discrepancy is primarily explained by sample bias towards severe injury accidents in earlier studies. Nevertheless, a strong dependence on impact speed is found, with the fatality risk at 50 km/h being more than twice as high as the risk at 40 km/h and more than five times higher than the risk at 30 km/h. Our findings should have important implications for the development of pedestrian accident countermeasures worldwide. In particular, the scope of future pedestrian safety policies and research should be broadened to include accidents with impact speeds exceeding 50 km/h.
Mori, Jinichi; Tanimoto, Tetsuya; Miura, Yuji; Kami, Masahiro
2015-06-01
All-case post-marketing surveillance of newly approved anticancer drugs is usually conducted on all patients in Japan. The present study investigates whether all-case post-marketing surveillance identifies fatal adverse drug reactions undetected before market entry. We examined fatal adverse drug reactions identified via all-case post-marketing surveillance by reviewing the disclosed post-marketing surveillance results, and determined the time points in which the fatal adverse drug reactions were initially reported by reviewing drug labels. We additionally scanned emergency alerts on the Japanese regulatory authority website to assess the relationship between all-case post-marketing surveillance and regulatory action. Twenty-five all-case post-marketing surveillances were performed between January 1999 and December 2009. Eight all-case post-marketing surveillances with final results included information on all fatal cases. Of these, the median number of patients was 1287 (range: 106-4998), the median number of fatal adverse drug reactions was 14.5 (range: 4-23). Of the 111 fatal adverse drug reactions detected in the eight post-marketing surveillances, only 28 (25.0%) and 22 (19.6%) were described on the initial global and the initial Japanese drug label, respectively, and 58 (52.3%) fatal adverse drug reactions were first described in the all-case post-marketing surveillance reports. Despite this, the regulatory authority issued only four warning letters, and two of these were prompted by case reports from the all-case post-marketing surveillance. All-case post-marketing surveillance of newly approved anticancer drugs in Japan was useful for the rigorous compilation of non-specific adverse drug reactions, but it rarely detected clinically significant fatal adverse drug reactions. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.
Fatal musculoskeletal injuries of Quarter Horse racehorses: 314 cases (1990-2007).
Sarrafian, Tiffany L; Case, James T; Kinde, Hailu; Daft, Barbara M; Read, Deryck H; Moore, Janet D; Uzal, Francisco A; Stover, Susan M
2012-10-01
To determine major causes of death and the anatomic location of musculoskeletal injuries in Quarter Horse racehorses in California. Retrospective case series. 314 Quarter Horse racehorses with musculoskeletal injuries that were necropsied through the California Horse Racing Board Postmortem Program from 1990 to 2007. Postmortem pathology reports were retrospectively reviewed. Musculoskeletal injuries were categorized by anatomic region and described. The number of Quarter Horse starts and starters for the same period of time were obtained from a commercial database for determination of fatal injury incidence. Musculoskeletal injuries accounted for 314 of the 443 (71 %) Quarter Horse racehorses that died during the 18-year study period. Fatal musculoskeletal injuries occurred at a rate of 2.0 deaths/1,000 race starts and 18.6 deaths/1,000 horses that started a race. Musculoskeletal injuries occurred predominantly during racing (84%) and in the forelimbs (81%). The most common fatal musculoskeletal injuries were metacarpophalangeal and metatarsophalangeal joint (fetlock) support injuries (40%) and carpal (24%), vertebral (10%), and scapular (8%) fractures. Proximal interphalangeal (pastern) joint luxations resulted in death of 3% of horses. Fracture configurations of some bones were consistent with those of Thoroughbred racehorses. Evidence of preexisting stress remodeling of bone was reported for some fractures. Knowledge of common locations and types of fatal musculoskeletal injuries in racing Quarter Horses may enhance practitioners' ability to detect mild injuries early, rest horses, and help prevent catastrophic injuries.
Zhang, Meng; Kecojevic, Vladislav
2016-01-01
The main objective of this review was to build upon a previous study on the root causes of truck-related fatalities in surface coal mining operations in West Virginia, and to develop intervention strategies to eliminate these fatalities. This review considers a two-pronged approach to accident prevention: one that is fundamental and traditional (safety regulations, training and education, and engineering of the work environment); and one that is innovative and creative (e.g., applying technological advances to better control and eliminate the root causes of accidents). Suggestions for improving current training and education system are proposed, and recommendations are provided on improving the safety of mine working conditions, specifically safety conditions on haul roads, dump sites, and loading areas. We also discuss various currently available technologies that can help prevent haul truck-related fatal accidents. The results of this review should be used by mine personnel to help create safer working conditions and decrease truck-related fatalities in surface coal mining.
La vegetación como sistema de control para las Islas de Calor Urbano en Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua
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Maria Goretti Salas Esparza
2017-06-01
Full Text Available A nivel mundial, el territorio ha experimentado un proceso de urbanización, el cual ha modificado las condiciones físicas y climatológicas como consecuencia de la densificación y construcción de las zonas urbanas, sobre todo a partir de la utilización de materiales que retienen el calor y que propician el fenómeno de isla de calor urbano (ICU, término establecido por Gordon Manley en 1958 (Fernández, 1996. Este trabajo evalúa el impacto que tienen las áreas verdes para actuar como sistema de control de isla de calor sobre Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, durante el verano del 2016. La metodología consistió en analizar cuatro áreas verdes para determinar la diferencia de temperatura que existe entre las zonas arboladas y las no arboladas, registrando temperaturas con sensores Hobo®, cada 15 minutos. Los resultados obtenidos demostraron que existe una diferencia de temperatura de 3,82 °C entre los lugares arbolados y no arbolados en el área verde con mayor nivel de vegetación, mientras que el área verde con menor nivel de vegetación se encontró una diferencia de 0,53 °C. Sin embargo, el impacto que tendrán sobre la zona urbana dependerá de la configuración y características de la misma área verde. Documeto fianciado bajo el marco Tesis de Maestría en Planificación y Desarrollo Urbano " Áreas verdes como sistema de control para las Islas de Calor Urbano en Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua".Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez
Repeat non-fatal suicidal behaviour at Johannesburg Hospital
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M YH Moosa
2005-12-01
Full Text Available Objective. To describe the characteristics of non-fatal suicide behaviour (NFSB in a group of patients and to determine factors, if any, that may be associated with repetition of this behaviour. Method. The study included all patients treated for NFSB at Johannesburg Hospital during the period August 2002 - October 2002. The information was gathered by means of a structured questionnaire designed to evaluate characteristics of the behaviour. Results. The study sample comprised 43 patients with NFSB (mean age 29.7 years, range of 16 - 75 years, of whom 26 (60% were female. Sixty-three per cent of the patients overdosed with medication and 33% ingested household poisons. Events that precipitated the event included relationship problems (70%, illness (12%, financial difficulties (9%, and depressed mood (9%. In 65% of patients the behaviour was impulsive. Factors associated with non-fatal repetition included being in the 18 - 30-year age group (76% (χ2 = 6.74, p < 0.05; being female (90% (χ2 = 4.75, p < 0.05; having children (90% (χ2 = 4.72, p < 0.05; a past psychiatric history (50% (χ2 = 4.08, p < 0.05; and the current attempt deemed medically serious (50% (χ2 = 6.67, p < 0.05. Conclusions. NFSB is a major problem in South Africa and the incidence is still increasing. Hospital-based interventions following admission are recommended to reduce repeat attempts in such patients. Significant factors associated with non-fatal repetition include among others, a history of a previous medically serious attempt and/or a known psychiatric illness.
La vegetación como indicador de la Geomorfología Fluvial
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Juan José Neiff
2005-11-01
Full Text Available Aguas abajo de la confluencia con el río Paraguay, el Paraná se expande en una ancha planicie lateral que, durante las inundaciones extraordinarias completa un área 2-10 veces mayor que el área ocupada por las aguas en los períodos de bajantes extraordinarias, en los que el curso queda aislado de la planicie inundable. El propósito de esta contribución es presentar las características más salientes de este tramo entrelazado del río, usando las unidades de paisaje y los tipos de vegetación, como indicadores de las formas del relieve. Imágenes satelitales Landsat TM5 y TM7 procesadas con el SIG IDRISI, de la inundación extrema de 1998 y de la sequía extrema de 2001, fueron usadas para la clasificación de los tipos de vegetación, usando el criterio propuesto por CET (Clasificación Ecológica de Tierras. Observaciones de campo fueron realizadas en ambas fases hidrológicas para obtener la posición topográfica de las unidades de vegetación y de los ensambles de comunidades vegetales. Nosotros encontramos que los albardones están ocupados por tipos de bosques, mientras que los bañados y cuerpos de aguas someros están cubiertos por plantas herbáceas y que las praderas flotantes de vegetación flotante libre, como el aguapé, crecen en lagos conectados al río una o más veces en el año. La vegetación acuática del curso principal es muy pobre como consecuencia del flujo del río y las fluctuaciones de nivel del agua. Sólo pequeñas manchas de carrizo se encontraron creciendo en barras de arena. La interrelación entre la vegetación y las formas del relieve es muy dinámica, con cambios drásticos en períodos de décadas o aún de pocos años, dependiendo del caudal y de la carga de sólidos transportados. En otro sentido, la vegetación fluvial tiene un importante rol en la fijación de depósitos fluviales y como núcleos de acreción en las barras o para entender la obstrucción de pequeños cursos de agua en la planicie
Non-Fatal Suicidal Behaviors in Adolescents
Jena, S.; Sidhartha, T.
2004-01-01
In the USA, suicide ranked as the third leading cause of death for adolescents in 1999. Non-fatal suicidal behaviours are suicidal thought, specific suicidal plan and suicide attempt. Prospective studies have emphasized the high subsequent suicide rates in clinically presenting suicide attempters. This study was planned to critically review the existing international literature on this area, and compare, if possible, with the Indian data. Both electronic and manual search for published and un...
Seeking Information after the 2010 Haiti Earthquake: A Case Study in Mass-Fatality Management
Gupta, Kailash
2013-01-01
The 2010 earthquake in Haiti, which killed an estimated 316,000 people, offered many lessons in mass-fatality management (MFM). The dissertation defined MFM in seeking information and in recovery, preservation, identification, and disposition of human remains. Specifically, it examined how mass fatalities were managed in Haiti, how affected…
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Ana Sofia Filipe Marote
2012-12-01
Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: to undertake an integrative literature review on the issue of "Children as carers". This is an emerging topic in the provision of health care, but nevertheless has a low profile in the literature. METHODOLOGY: this study was based in a survey of nine databases of scientific articles, using as descriptor: child, young, caregivers, lay carer and nursing role, as well as the corresponding terms in Portuguese. 21 articles were analyzed. RESULTS: these were organized into six categories - factors which motivate the child to take on the role of caregiver; these children's characteristics; tasks performed; time spent in caring; consequences of providing care and the role of the nurse in partnership with these children and their families. CONCLUSION: the children as carers are a focus of attention relevant to nursing practice, this issue representing an opportunity for investigation in Portuguese-speaking countries, as no article was found on the subject in Portuguese. In addition, with this first study in Portuguese, a work of the creation of a bibliography is begun, allowing an awareness of the issue and the identification of ways to respond to the families involved, in line with their needs.OBJETIVO: realizar una revisión bibliográfica integrativa del tema "Niños como Cuidadores". Se Trata de un tema emergente en la prestación de atenciones de salud, que sin embargo se mantiene poco visible en la literatura. METODOLOGÍA: se basó en una investigación sobre nueve bases de datos de artículos científicos, utilizándose como descriptores: child, young, caregivers, lay carer y nursing role, así como los correspondientes en portugués. Fueron analizados 21 artículos. RESULTADOS: fueron organizados en seis categorías - factores que motivan el niño a asumir el papel de cuidador; características de esos niños; tareas desempeñadas; tiempo pasado a cuidar; consecuencias de la prestación de atenciones y papel del enfermero junto de
Parental Rheumatoid Arthritis, Child Mortality, and Case Fatality
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Rom, Ane L; Wu, Chun S; Olsen, Jørn
2017-01-01
OBJECTIVE: We have reported increased long term morbidity in children of parents with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here we assess child mortality and case fatality in the same cohort. METHODS: All singletons born in Denmark from 1977 to 2008 were identified through linkage of Danish National...
Mapping patterns of pedestrian fatal accidents in Israel
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Prato, Carlo Giacomo; Gitelman, Victoria; Bekhor, Shlomo
2012-01-01
This study intends to provide insight into pedestrian accidents by uncovering their patterns in order to design preventive measures and to allocate resources for identified problems. Kohonen neural networks are applied to a database of pedestrian fatal accidents occurred during the four-year peri...
Lung function and risk of fatal and non-fatal stroke. The Copenhagen City Heart Study
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Truelsen, T; Prescott, E; Lange, P
2001-01-01
results on the relation between forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and risk of incident and fatal first-ever stroke. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The analyses are based on prospective cohort data from 12 878 eligible men and women aged 45-84 years, who participated in the first health examination...... adjustment for potential confounders: sex, age, smoking, inhalation, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, physical activity in leisure time, education, diabetes mellitus, and antihypertensive treatment. RESULTS: We found an inverse association between FEV1 and risk of first-time stroke...
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Giselle Vetere
2011-12-01
Full Text Available El siguiente trabajo se enmarca dentro de un proyecto UBACyT sobre conductas de afrontamiento en trastornos de ansiedad. En el presente artículo se muestran los resultados de una revisión bibliográica sobre la utilización de la preocupación como estrategia de afrontamiento en pacientes con trastorno de ansiedad generalizada. El método utilizado consistió en una búsqueda de los trabajos disponibles en las bases de datos PubMed, Scielo, Lilacs y Ebsco utilizando como palabras clave afrontamiento, ansiedad generalizada y preocupación. En primer lugar se describen brevemente las características del cuadro y se define el concepto de afrontamiento y sus diversos tipos. Seguidamente, en base a los resultados obtenidos en la búsqueda se analiza el concepto de preocupación así como las consecuencias de su uso como estrategia de afrontamiento en pacientes con trastorno de ansiedad generalizada. Finalmente se discuten las implicancias de los resultados para el tratamiento del cuadro.The following work is part of a research project about coping behaviors in anxiety disorders. In this paper we show the results of a literature review focused on the use of worry as a coping strategy in patients with generalized anxiety disorder. The method used consisted of a bibliographic search of the available studies in the PubMed, Scielo, Lilacs and Ebsco databases using the terms coping strategies, generalized anxiety and concern as keywords. First, we briely describe the characteristics of the disorder and deine the concept of coping and its diverse forms. Then, following the results found in the search we explore the concept of worry and the consequences of its use as a coping strategy in patients with generalized anxiety disorder. Finally, we discuss the implications of the results for the treatment of the disorder.
Non-fatal self-poisoning in Sri Lanka: associated triggers and motivations.
Rajapakse, Thilini; Griffiths, Kathleen Margaret; Christensen, Helen; Cotton, Sue
2015-11-24
Attempted or non-fatal self-poisoning is common in Sri Lanka. To date, most preventive strategies have focused on limitation of access to toxic pesticides, which has reduced the rates of fatal self-poisoning. However the ongoing phenomenon of non-fatal self-poisoning indicates the need for exploration of alternate preventive strategies. Self-poisoning in Sri Lanka has been described as impulsive, with little premeditation, but the motivations associated with this act have not been studied in depth. This research describes the triggers and motivations associated with non-fatal self-poisoning in Sri Lanka. It is anticipated that the findings would help guide future preventive strategies. Two studies were carried out, at Teaching Hospital Peradeniya, Sri Lanka, each using a different methodology - Study 1 consisted of qualitative semi-structured interviews, and Study 2 was a cross sectional survey. Both studies were conducted among those who had recently attempted self-poisoning, and explored associated triggers and motivations associated with the act of self-poisoning. There was no overlap between participants of the two studies. A total of 24 persons participated in the semi-structured interviews (Study 1), and 921 took part in the cross-sectional survey (Study 2). Interpersonal conflict was the most common trigger prior to the act of non-fatal self-poisoning. A mixture of motivations was associated with the act of self-poisoning, including intent to die, to escape, and difficulty tolerating distress associated with interpersonal conflict. Development of interpersonal skills and interpersonal problem solving skills, particularly in adolescents and young people, emerges as a key primary preventive strategy. Further, there is value in exploring and helping people to develop more adaptive strategies to cope with emotional distress associated with interpersonal conflict. While distress tolerance and interpersonal skill training strategies used in the West may be
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Alcaide Arenales, A.
2003-01-01
Full Text Available La nueva regulación que impone la LOU en la contratación del personal no numerario, que en la práctica deja como única figura viable, desde el punto de vista de la estabilidad temporal y económica, la del profesor contratado doctor, unido a las regulación restrictiva sobre los estudios de tercer ciclo, que en la práctica van a reducir drásticamente el numero de doctores que anualmente produce la Universidad española; Hechos estos, que conducirán a una sensible disminución del profesorado no numerario de las universidades, si no a su desaparición a largo plazo, dejan de lado la oportunidad que nos brinda el fenómeno demográfico de disminución de la población universitaria para asignar esos recursos humanos disponibles a aumentar la calidad de los servicios prestados y a incorporar las nuevas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación como otra apuesta decisiva de modernización de nuestra universidad, algo anticuada en sus estructuras y métodos, en lugar de utilizarla como una especie de regulación de empleo encubierta a pequeñas dosis y largo plazo. En la comunicación se analiza el contexto actual y se hace una reflexión sobre cuales serán la consecuencias que supondrá a largo plazo la aplicación de la ley, en lo que se refiere al profesorado no numerario, y como podría afectar este hecho a la calidad e incorporación de nuestra universidad a las nuevas formas de impartir educación superior, finalizando con unas conclusiones a modo de resumen en que se relacionan las medidas, que en nuestra opinión deberían arbitrarse para paliar en lo posible los nubarrones que se ciernen sobre nuestra universidad.
Douglas, Emily M; Serino, Patricia J
2013-10-01
Previous research has established that child welfare workers lack important information about child maltreatment fatalities and risk factors leading to death. Further, training has not been associated with improvements in knowledge. The authors assessed the presence of evidence-based information about child maltreatment fatalities and risk factors for death in 24 social science textbooks about child abuse and neglect or child welfare. The results indicate that basic information, such as definitions and incidence rates of child maltreatment fatalities are routinely included in social science textbooks, but information about child, parent, and household risk factors are not, and that inaccurate information is often included. Implications of the findings are discussed.
Population based estimates of non-fatal injuries in the capital of Iran.
Saadat, Soheil; Mafi, Mostafa; Sharif-Alhoseini, Mahdi
2011-07-31
Fatal injuries are at the top of the injury pyramid; however, non-fatal injuries are quite common and impose huge medical expenses on the population. Relying on hospital data will underestimate the incidence of non-fatal injuries. The aim of this study was to estimate the annual incidence and out of pocket medical expenses of all injuries in urban population of Tehran (the capital city of Iran). Using the cluster random sampling approach, a household survey of residents of greater Tehran was performed on April 2008. At randomly selected residential locations, interviewers asked one adult person to report all injuries which have occurred during the past year for all household members, as well as the type of injury, place of occurrence, the activity, cause of accidents resulting in injuries, the amount of out of pocket medical expenses for injury, and whether they referred to hospital. This study included 2,450 households residing in Tehran during 2007-8. The annual incidence of all injuries was 188.7 (180.7-196.9), significant injuries needing any medical care was 68.8 (63.7-74.2), fractures was 19.3 (16.6 - 22.4), and injuries resulted in hospitalization was 16.7 (14.2 - 19.6) per 1000 population. The annual incidence of fatal injuries was 33 (7-96) per 100,000 Population. In children aged 15 or less, the annual incidence of all injuries was 137.2 (120.0 - 155.9), significant injuries needing any medical care was 64.2 (52.2 - 78.0), fractures was 21.8 (15.0 - 30.7), and injuries resulted in hospitalization was 6.8 (3.3 - 12.5) per 1000 population. The mean out of pocket medical expense for injuries was 19.9 USD. This population based study showed that the real incidence of non-fatal injuries in the capital of Iran is more than the formal hospital-based estimates. These injuries impose non trivial medical and indirect cost on the community. The out of pocket medical expense of non-fatal injuries to Tehran population is estimated as 27 million USD per year. Effective
Objectifying when to halt a boxing match: a video analysis of fatalities.
Miele, Vincent J; Bailes, Julian E
2007-02-01
Although numerous prestigious medical organizations have called for its abolishment, participation in the sport of boxing has reached an all-time high among both men and women, and its elimination is unlikely in the near future. Physicians should strive to increase boxing safety by improving the rules of competition, which have evolved minimally over the past two centuries. Currently, subjective criteria are used to determine whether or not a contest should be halted. Developing a standardized, objective method of determining when a contest should be halted would be a significant paradigm shift and could increase the safety of the sport's participants. This study analyzed the number and types of punches landed in a typical professional match, in bouts considered to be competitive and in those that ended in fatalities, to determine whether or not this would be a practical method of differentiating between these groups. Three groups of professional boxing matches were defined at the beginning of the study: 1) a "fatal" group, consisting of bouts that resulted in the death of a participant; 2) a "classic" group that represented competitive matches; and 3) a "control" group of 4000 professional boxing matches representing the average bout. A computer program known as Punchstat (Compubox, Inc., Manorville, NY) was used in the objective analysis of these matches via videotape playback. Several statistically significant differences were discovered between matches that resulted in fatalities and the control group. These include the number of punches landed per round, the number of power punches landed per round, and the number of power punches thrown per round by losing boxers. However, when the fatal bouts were compared with the most competitive bouts, these differences were no longer evident. Based on the data analyzed between the control and fatal-bout groups, a computerized method of counting landed blows at ringside could provide sufficient data to stop matches that
Peron, Guillaume; Hines, James E.
2014-01-01
Many industrial and agricultural activities involve wildlife fatalities by collision, poisoning or other involuntary harvest: wind turbines, highway network, utility network, tall structures, pesticides, etc. Impacted wildlife may benefit from official protection, including the requirement to monitor the impact. Carcass counts can often be conducted to quantify the number of fatalities, but they need to be corrected for carcass persistence time (removal by scavengers and decay) and detection probability (searcher efficiency). In this article we introduce a new piece of software that fits a superpopulation capture-recapture model to raw count data. It uses trial data to estimate detection and daily persistence probabilities. A recurrent issue is that fatalities of rare, protected species are infrequent, in which case the software offers the option to switch to an ‘evidence of absence’ mode, i.e., estimate the number of carcasses that may have been missed by field crews. The software allows distinguishing between different turbine types (e.g. different vegetation cover under turbines, or different technical properties), as well between two carcass age-classes or states, with transition between those classes (e.g, fresh and dry). There is a data simulation capacity that may be used at the planning stage to optimize sampling design. Resulting mortality estimates can be used 1) to quantify the required amount of compensation, 2) inform mortality projections for proposed development sites, and 3) inform decisions about management of existing sites.
¿Qué hacer con los impuestos que pagan las ganancias de capital en Chile?
Eduardo Engel; Alexander Galetovic
1998-01-01
Este trabajo analiza cualitativamente las consecuencias económicas de los impuestos a las ganancias de capital actualmente vigentes en Chile. Se describen los tratamientos especiales que reciben los distintos tipos de ganancia de capital y se analizan sus consecuencias sobre la asignación de recursos. Las principales conclusiones y proposiciones del estudio son las siguientes. Primero, la regla general en Chile es que las ganancias de capital deben tributar como ingreso ordinario. Esto es una...
Fatality of salt stress to plants: Morphological, physiological and ...
African Journals Online (AJOL)
Fatality of salt stress to plants: Morphological, physiological and biochemical aspects. ... This adverse effect of salt stress appears on whole plant level at almost all growth stages including germination, seedling, vegetative ... from 32 Countries:.
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Bertelsen, Mads Frost; Crawshaw, Graham J.; Sigler, Lynne
2005-01-01
The fungus Chrysosporium anamorph of Nannizziopsis vriesii was identified as the caurse of fatal, multifocal, heterophilic dermatitis in for freshwater aquatic captive-bred tentacled snakes......The fungus Chrysosporium anamorph of Nannizziopsis vriesii was identified as the caurse of fatal, multifocal, heterophilic dermatitis in for freshwater aquatic captive-bred tentacled snakes...
Quantifying ground impact fatality rate for small unmanned aircraft
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
La Cour-Harbo, Anders
2018-01-01
is based on a standard stochastic model, and employs a parameterized high fidelity ground impact distribution model that accounts for both aircraft specifications, parameter uncertainties, and wind. The method also samples the flight path to create an almost continuous quantification of the risk......One of the major challenges of conducting operation of unmanned aircraft, especially operations beyond visual line-of-sight (BVLOS), is to make a realistic and sufficiently detailed risk assessment. An important part of such an assessment is to identify the risk of fatalities, preferably...... in a quantitative way since this allows for comparison with manned aviation to determine whether an equivalent level of safety is achievable. This work presents a method for quantifying the probability of fatalities resulting from an uncontrolled descent of an unmanned aircraft conducting a BVLOS flight. The method...
Bats and wind energy in Canada : causes, consequences and variation of fatalities
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Barclay, R.; Baerwald, E. [Calgary Univ., AB (Canada). Dept. of Biology
2008-07-01
This presentation discussed various aspects of bat mortalities that occur at wind turbines. The majority of bat fatalities related to wind turbines take place in the Fall among Hoary, Silver-haired, and Eastern red bat species. The fatality rate varies geographically. Migratory routes explain the geographic variations of bats. Tall wind turbines kill more bats than birds. Activity and fatality rates vary geographically. Small-scale geographic patterns were discussed along with bat mortality rates at different wind farm facilities. Higher turbines are known to disrupt bat activities. During a 1-year period in Alberta only 189 bird mortalities were recorded compared to 1775 bat mortalities. Across North America, 3940 bats died in collisions with wind turbines compared to only 1241 birds. It was concluded that monitoring studies conducted from the ground do not fully indicate the risks of wind turbines to bats. tabs., figs.
Jones, Rachel K
2018-05-21
To assess factors associated with pregnancy fatalism among U.S. adult women. I used data from the Change and Consistency in Contraceptive Use study, which collected information from a national sample of 4634U.S. women aged 18-39 at baseline (59% response rate). I assessed pregnancy fatalism based on agreement with the statement: "It doesn't matter whether I use birth control, when it is my time to get pregnant, it will happen." I compare fatalism among all respondents to fatalism among respondents who were trying to get pregnant and those who did not want to get pregnant but were not using contraception. I used logistic regression to assess associations between nonuse of contraception and pregnancy fatalism at baseline and whether respondents were trying to get pregnant six months later. Overall, 36% of the sample expressed some degree of pregnancy fatalism, and proportions were higher for respondents trying to get pregnant (55%) and those not using contraception (57%). The association between pregnancy fatalism and trying to get pregnant was maintained after controlling for other characteristics (OR 1.4, p=.01), as was the association for nonuse of contraception (OR 2.08, p<.001). Contraceptive nonusers at baseline were more likely than users to be trying to get pregnant six months later, especially if they expressed a fatalistic outlook at baseline. Pregnancy fatalism may be a common outlook among women who are trying to get pregnant. Associations between fatalism and nonuse of contraception may be more complex than previously recognized. Gaining a better understanding of the dynamics of pregnancy planning might inform our understanding of why some women do not use contraception. Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Inc.
Fatal Complications after Pediatric Surgical Interventions: Lessons Learned
Klein, W.M.; Putten, M.E. van der; Kusters, B.; Verhoeven, B.H.
2017-01-01
Placement of catheters, drains, shunts, and tubes in children can lead to serious or even fatal complications at the moment of placement, such as hemorrhage at insertion, or in the longterm, such as infections and migration into adjacent organs. The clinician should always be aware of these
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Jesús Rogero-García
2010-03-01
Full Text Available El cuidado provisto por familiares o amigos a los adultos dependientes es un proceso social decisivo para el bienestar de la sociedad española. Este tipo de apoyo tiene intensas consecuencias sobre quienes cuidan. En este artículo se plantea que la valoración precisa del impacto de la dependencia en el entorno social requiere de análisis comprensivos y multidisciplinares, y se elabora una propuesta de clasificación de las consecuencias del cuidado familiar sobre el cuidador. En dicha propuesta estos efectos pueden ser positivos o negativos, y afectar a diferentes dimensiones vitales de los cuidadores: salud, economía o relaciones sociales.Care provided by relatives or friends to dependent people is a key process to promote wellbeing in Spanish society. This type of support has intense consequences over caregivers' lives. Comprehensive and multidisciplinary analyses are required to assess dependency effects over social network. In this paper we elaborate a classification of types of family care consequences over caregivers. We differentiate between positive or negative consequences, and between consequences affecting caregivers' health, economy and/or social relations.
Serious injury and fatality investigations involving pneumatic nail guns, 1985-2012.
Lowe, Brian D; Albers, James T; Hudock, Stephen D; Krieg, Edward F
2016-02-01
This article examines serious and fatal pneumatic nail gun (PNG) injury investigations for workplace, tool design, and human factors relevant to causation and resulting OS&H authorities' responses in terms of citations and penalties. The U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) database of Fatality and Catastrophe Investigation Summaries (F&CIS) were reviewed (1985-2012) to identify n = 258 PNG accidents. 79.8% of investigations, and 100% of fatalities, occurred in the construction industry. Between 53-71% of injuries appear to have been preventable had a safer sequential trigger tool been used. Citations and monetary penalties were related to injury severity, body part injured, disabling of safety devices, and insufficient personal protective equipment (PPE). Differences may exist between construction and other industries in investigators interpretations of PNG injury causation and resulting citations/penalties. Violations of PPE standards were penalized most severely, yet the preventive effect of PPE would likely have been less than that of a safer sequential trigger. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Fatal Accidents in Aviation Medicine.
Laukkala, Tanja; Bor, Robert; Budowle, Bruce; Sajantila, Antti; Navathe, Pooshan; Sainio, Markku; Vuorio, Alpo
2017-09-01
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with symptoms of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interfere with functioning and/or development. ADHD occurs in about 2.5% of adults. ADHD can be an excluding medical condition among pilots due to the risk of attentional degradation and therefore impact on flight safety. Diagnosis of ADHD is complex, which complicates aeromedical assessment. This study highlights fatal accident cases among pilots with ADHD and discusses protocols to detect its presence to help to assess its importance to flight safety. To identify fatal accidents in aviation (including airplanes, helicopters, balloons, and gliders) in the United States between the years 2000 to 2015, the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) database was searched with the terms ADHD, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and attention deficit disorder (ADD). The NTSB database search for fatal aviation accidents possibly associated with ADHD yielded four accident cases of interest in the United States [4/4894 (0.08%)]. Two of the pilots had ADHD diagnosed by a doctor, one was reported by a family member, and one by a flight instructor. An additional five cases were identified searching for ADD [5/4894 (0.1%)]. Altogether, combined ADHD and ADD cases yielded nine accident cases of interest (0.18%). It is generally accepted by aviation regulatory authorities that ADHD is a disqualifying neurological condition. Yet FAA and CASA provide specific protocols for tailor-made pilot assessment. Accurate evaluation of ADHD is essential because of its potential negative impact on aviation safety.Laukkala T, Bor R, Budowle B, Sajantila A, Navathe P, Sainio M, Vuorio A. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and fatal accidents in aviation medicine. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2017; 88(9):871-875.
Genetic influences on incidence and case-fatality of infectious disease.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Liselotte Petersen
Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Family, twin and adoption studies suggest that genetic susceptibility contributes to familial aggregation of infectious diseases or to death from infections. We estimated genetic and shared environmental influences separately on the risk of acquiring an infection (incidence and on dying from it (case fatality. METHODS: Genetic influences were estimated by the association between rates of hospitalization for infections and between case-fatality rates of adoptees and their biological full- and half- siblings. Familial environmental influences were investigated in adoptees and their adoptive siblings. Among 14,425 non-familial adoptions, granted in Denmark during the period 1924-47, we selected 1,603 adoptees, who had been hospitalized for infections and/or died with infection between 1977 and 1993. Their siblings were considered predisposed to infection, and compared with non-predisposed siblings of randomly selected 1,348 adoptees alive in 1993 and not hospitalized for infections in the observation period. The risk ratios presented were based on a Cox regression model. RESULTS: Among 9971 identified siblings, 2829 had been hospitalised for infections. The risk of infectious disease was increased among predisposed compared with non-predisposed in both biological (1.18; 95% confidence limits 1.03-1.36 and adoptive siblings (1.23; 0.98-1.53. The risk of a fatal outcome of the infections was strongly increased (9.36; 2.94-29.8 in biological full siblings, but such associations were not observed for the biological half siblings or for the adoptive siblings. CONCLUSION: Risk of getting infections appears to be weakly influenced by both genetically determined susceptibility to infection and by family environment, whereas there appears to be a strong non-additive genetic influence on risk of fatal outcome.
A fatal pulmonary infection by Nocardia brasiliensis.
Wadhwa, V; Rai, S; Kharbanda, P; Kabra, S; Gur, R; Sharma, V K
2006-01-01
The reported case is of primary pulmonary nocardiosis, caused by Nocardia brasiliensis, in a immunocompromised patient, which ended fatally despite appropriate treatment. The partially acid fast filamentous bacterium was predominant on direct examination of the sputum. It was cultured on blood agar, MacConkey agar and by paraffin baiting technique. The bacterium was resistant to cotrimoxazole, the drug of choice for nocardiosis.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
María Paulina Mejía.
1998-09-01
Full Text Available Según Freud, el Superyó en las mujeres adquiere características particulares como consecuencia de una resolución incompleta del Complejo de Edipo. La ausencia de la angustia de castración, en el caso de la niña, es la causa de dicha resolución parcial. El presente artículo propone, partiendo de dos textos freudianos, otra razón para no renunciar a los deseos incestuosos y en consecuencia para quedar bajo el gobierno de un Superyó severo. Dicha razón es la falla en la función simbólica del padre, es así como el superyó sería el heredero de la perversión del padre.
Trends in Automobile Travel, Motor Vehicle Fatalities, and Physical Activity: 2003-2015.
McDonald, Noreen C
2017-05-01
Annual per-capita automobile travel declined by 600 miles from 2003 to 2014 with decreases greatest among young adults. This article tests whether the decline has been accompanied by public health co-benefits of increased physical activity and decreased motor vehicle fatalities. Minutes of auto travel and physical activity derived from active travel, sports, and exercise were obtained from the American Time Use Survey. Fatalities were measured using the Fatality Analysis Reporting System. Longitudinal change was assessed for adults aged 20-59 years by age group and sex. Significance of changes was assessed by absolute differences and unadjusted and adjusted linear trends. Analyses were conducted in 2016. Daily auto travel decreased by 9.2 minutes from 2003 to 2014 for all ages (ptravel showed only modest declines across age groups and, for men aged 20-29 years, varied from 10.9 (95% CI=10.0, 11.7) in 2003 to 9.7 (95% CI=8.7, 10.8) in 2014. Reduced motor vehicle fatalities are a public health co-benefit of decreased driving, especially for male millennials. Despite suggestions to the contrary, individuals did not switch from cars to active modes nor spend more time in sports and exercise. Maintenance of the safety benefits requires additional attention to road safety efforts, particularly as auto travel increases. Copyright © 2017 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Determinant of Road Traffic Crash Fatalities in Iran: A Longitudinal Econometric Analysis.
Rezaei, Satar; Bagheri Lankarani, Kamran; Karami Matin, Behzad; Bazyar, Mohammad; Hamzeh, Behrooz; Najafi, Farid
2015-01-01
Injuries and deaths from road traffic crashes are one of the main public health problems throughout the world. This study aimed to identify determinants of fatality traffic accident in Iran for the twenty-span year from 1991 to 2011. A time series analysis (1991-2011) was used to examine the effects of some of the key explanatory factors (GDP per capita, number of doctors per 10,000 populations, degree of urbanization, unemployment rate and motorization rate) on deaths from road traffic in Iran. In order to examine long- and short-run effects of variables, we employed autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach and error correction method (ECM). The data for the study was obtained from the Central Bank of Iran (CBI), Iranian Statistical Center (ISC) and Legal medical organizations (LMO). GDP per capita, doctor per 10,000 populations, degree of urbanization and motorization rate had a significant impact on fatality from road traffic in Iran. We did not observe any short- and long-term effects of the unemployment rate on fatality from road traffic. GDP per capita, doctor per 10,000 populations, degree of urbanization and motorization rate were identified as main determinant of fatality from road traffic accidents in Iran. We hope the results of the current study enable health policy-makers to understand better the factors affecting deaths from road traffic accidents in the country.
Prevalence of Chlorpheniramine in Aviation Accident Pilot Fatalities, 1991-1996
National Research Council Canada - National Science Library
Soper, John
1999-01-01
.... During fatal aircraft accident investigations, postmortem samples collected from the pilots at autopsy are submitted to the Civil Aeromedical Institute for toxicological evaluation, and the findings...
Fatal pericardial tamponade after superior vena cava stenting.
Ploegmakers, M.J.M.; Rutten, M.J.C.M.
2009-01-01
We discuss a fatal complication of percutaneous superior vena cava (SVC) self-expandable stent placement in a patient with superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS). The SVCS was caused by a malignant mediastinal mass with total occlusion of the SVC. Twenty-four hours after the procedure, the patient died
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José Penalva Buitrago
2007-01-01
Full Text Available Este artículo es un trabajo de investigación que somete a un análisis crítico la teoría del currículum escolar definido desde la flexibilidad y la apertura, prestando especial interés a nuestro sistema educativo. El artículo revisa, en un primer momento, las principales teorías en las que se inspira este modelo curricular, y, a continuación, analiza sus aspectos semánticos, epistemológicos, ontológicos y antropológicos, mostrando sus consecuencias educativas
The Effect of Child Access Prevention Laws on Non-Fatal Gun Injuries
Jeff DeSimone; Sara Markowitz
2005-01-01
Many states have passed child access prevention (CAP) laws, which hold the gun owner responsible if a child gains access to a gun that is not securely stored. Previous CAP law research has focused exclusively on gun-related deaths even though most gun injuries are not fatal. We use annual hospital discharge data from 1988-2001 to investigate whether CAP laws decrease non-fatal gun injuries. Results from Poisson regressions that control for various hospital, county and state characteristics, i...
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Marcela Arrivigalla Quintero
2004-06-01
Full Text Available El consumo de sustancias psicoactivas es una problemática creciente en la población juvenil. Éstas han empezado a tomar un papel central en su vida, en la medida en que cumplen una función “facilitadora†frente a situaciones aversivas en las que tienen poco sentido de control y eficacia personal. Como consecuencia, surgen alteraciones biológicas, comportamentales, cognitivas y emocionales en los jóvenes consumidores, afectando su modo de vivir y de quienes los rodean. En la investigación (Salazar, Arrivillaga y Gómez, 2002 se encontró, con relación al “consumo de Alcohol, Tabaco y otras Drogas†que los jóvenes tiene Estilos de Vida Poco Saludables y que no existe diferencia significativa entre quienes tienen prácticas saludables y quienes no las tienen, a pesar de tener creencias favorables en este sentido. Estos resultados conducen a la discusión sobre los focos y prioridades de intervención con jóvenes en una institución universitaria.
Occupational injury and fatality investigations: the application of forensic nursing science.
Harris, Colin
2013-01-01
The forensic evaluation of trauma in occupational injuries and fatalities can provide the benefit of a more thorough analysis of incident causation. Forensic nursing science applied during workplace investigations can assist investigators to determine otherwise unknown crucial aspects of the incident circumstances that are important to event reconstruction, the enforcement of occupational health and safety requirements, and the direction of workplace prevention initiatives. Currently, a medical and forensic medical knowledge gap exists in the subject-matter expertise associated with occupational accident investigations. This gap can be bridged with the integration of forensic nursing in the investigation of workplace fatalities and serious injuries.
Competencias para obtener productos y servicios de calidad en bibliotecas universitarias
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Silvia Cobo Serrano
2013-05-01
Full Text Available Como bien señala el autor en la parte introductoria, las bibliotecas y las unidades de información y documentación se encuentran en un contexto cambiante como consecuencia del impacto que tienen las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación en la sociedad, lo que implica que tanto usuarios reales como potenciales se encuentren con mayor frecuencia en el entorno virtual. A esto, hay que añadir la formación semipresencial y online impartida en muchos programas universitarios de Library and Information Science y, en el caso europeo, los cambios que se van a producir en las bibliotecas universitarias como consecuencia de la aprobación de la Directiva 2013/37/UE del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo sobre la reutilización del material cultural público custodiado en bibliotecas, archivos y museos (2013, lo que supone la creación de nuevos servicios y productos así como la adquisición de nuevas competencias profesionales en aras de una mejora continua de la unidad de información.
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Lin Hung-Jung
2008-01-01
Full Text Available Abstract Background Poisoning is a significant public health problem worldwide and is one of the most common reasons for visiting emergency departments (EDs, but factors that help to predict overall poisoning-related fatality have rarely been elucidated. Using 1512 subjects from a hospital-based study, we sought to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of poisoning patients and to identify predictors for poisoning-related fatality. Methods Between January 2001 and December 2002 we prospectively recruited poisoning patients through the EDs of two medical centers in southwest Taiwan. Interviews were conducted with patients within 24 hours after admission to collect relevant information. We made comparisons between survival and fatality cases, and used logistic regressions to identify predictors of fatality. Results A total of 1512 poisoning cases were recorded at the EDs during the study period, corresponding to an average of 4.2 poisonings per 1000 ED visits. These cases involved 828 women and 684 men with a mean age of 38.8 years, although most patients were between 19 and 50 years old (66.8%, and 29.4% were 19 to 30 years. Drugs were the dominant poisoning agents involved (49.9%, followed by pesticides (14.5%. Of the 1512 patients, 63 fatalities (4.2% occurred. Paraquat exposure was associated with an extremely high fatality rate (72.1%. The significant predictors for fatality included age over 61 years, insufficient respiration, shock status, abnormal heart rate, abnormal body temperature, suicidal intent and paraquat exposure. Conclusion In addition to well-recognized risk factors for fatality in clinical settings, such as old age and abnormal vital signs, we found that suicidal intent and ingestion of paraquat were significant predictors of poisoning-related fatality. Identification of these predictors may help risk stratification and the development of preventive interventions.
Different features of V?2 T and NK cells in fatal and non-fatal human Ebola infections
Cimini, Eleonora; Viola, Domenico; Cabeza-Cabrerizo, Mar; Romanelli, Antonella; Tumino, Nicola; Sacchi, Alessandra; Bordoni, Veronica; Casetti, Rita; Turchi, Federica; Martini, Federico; Bore, Joseph A.; Koundouno, Fara Raymond; Duraffour, Sophie; Michel, Janine; Holm, Tobias
2017-01-01
Background Human Ebola infection is characterized by a paralysis of the immune system. A signature of ?? T cells in fatal Ebola infection has been recently proposed, while the involvement of innate immune cells in the protection/pathogenesis of Ebola infection is unknown. Aim of this study was to analyze ?? T and NK cells in patients from the Ebola outbreak of 2014?2015 occurred in West Africa, and to assess their association with the clinical outcome. Methodology/Principal findings Nineteen ...
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Fariba Kiani
2013-10-01
Conclusion: The perception of fatalism and helplessness in work environments can be obstacles to prevent occupational accidents. Promoting safety climate can be associated with fatalism culture change and also perceived helplessness reduction among workers.
Hicks, G J; Davis, J W; Hicks, R A
1998-06-01
On the hypothesis that sleepiness and alcohol interact to increase the risk of alcohol-related traffic fatalities, the percentages of alcohol-related fatal traffic crashes were assessed for the entire state of New Mexico for the years 1989-1992, for each of the seven days that preceded the changes to and from Daylight Savings Time and for each of the 14 days which followed the changes to and from Daylight Savings Time. Consistent with our hypothesis the percentage of alcohol-related fatal crashes increased significantly during the first seven days after these changes in Daylight Savings Time.
Dollars for lives: the effect of highway capital investments on traffic fatalities.
Nguyen-Hoang, Phuong; Yeung, Ryan
2014-12-01
This study examines the effect of highway capital investments on highway fatalities. We used state-level data from the 48 contiguous states in the United States from 1968 through 2010 to estimate the effects on highway fatalities of capital expenditures and highway capital stock. We estimated these effects by controlling for a set of control variables together with state and year dummy variables and state-specific linear time trends. We found that capital expenditures and capital stock had significant and negative effects on highway fatalities. States faced with declines in gas tax revenues have already cut back drastically on spending on roads including on maintenance and capital outlay. If this trend continues, it may undermine traffic safety. While states and local governments are currently fiscally strained, it is important for them to continue investments in roadways to enhance traffic safety and, more significantly, to save lives. Copyright © 2014 National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Jorge Carlos Srabstein
2013-05-01
Full Text Available Bullying is a multifaceted and injurious form of maltreatment, prevalent across social settings and around the globe. Victims and perpetrators of bullying are at significant risk of suffering from an array of morbidity and dying young due to accidental injuries, suicide, and homicide. This study reviews news reports of nonfatal and fatal injuries linked to bullying throughout the Western Hemisphere during 12 months. News reports, obtained through a Google search, of episodes of fatal and nonfatal injuries related to school bullying and violence from July 2011 through June 2012 that affected children and adolescents (ages 5 to 19 years throughout the Americas were analyzed. News reports were found of 82 cases of bullying-related fatal and nonfatal injuries, occurring in one year, across 24 countries and dependent territories in the Western Hemisphere, which have a combined total youth population of 225.5 million children and adolescents ages 5 to 19 years. Ninety-seven percent of the victims were between 10 and 19 years old; 60% of them were below age 15, with a male/female ratio of 2:1. News reports of fatal and nonfatal injurious events related to bullying and affecting children and adolescents in the Americas in one year represent the tip of the public health iceberg composing the unknown magnitude of injuries associated with this type of maltreatment. Data on the magnitude of mortality linked to bullying, which would be of the essence in developing public health policies for its prevention, have not been documented.La intimidación es una forma multifacética y lesiva de maltrato, prevalente en diferentes entornos sociales y en todo el mundo. Las víctimas y los autores de la intimidación están sometidos a un importante riesgo de padecer varias enfermedades y de morir durante la juventud como consecuencia de lesiones accidentales, suicidios y homicidios. Este estudio analiza los reportajes informativos sobre lesiones mortales y no mortales
A fatal pulmonary infection by Nocardia brasiliensis
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Wadhwa V
2006-01-01
Full Text Available The reported case is of primary pulmonary nocardiosis, caused by Nocardia brasiliensis , in a immunocompromised patient, which ended fatally despite appropriate treatment. The partially acid fast filamentous bacterium was predominant on direct examination of the sputum. It was cultured on blood agar, MacConkey agar and by paraffin baiting technique. The bacterium was resistant to cotrimoxazole, the drug of choice for nocardiosis.
Ruiz Robledillo, Nicolás; Antón-Torres, P.; González Bono, Esperanza; Moya Albiol, Luis
2012-01-01
Los Trastornos del Espectro Autista (TEA) conforman un grupo de trastornos caracterizados por la aparición de problemas en la socialización, dificultades en la comunicación y el desarrollo de patrones e intereses restringidos. Esta sintomatología suele asociarse con diversos problemas de conducta, factores que han mostrado una gran relevancia a la hora de explicar las consecuencias del cuidado sobre el estado de salud de los cuidadores. Sin embargo, esta relación se ve modulada por diversas v...