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Sample records for enfermedad periodontal inflamatoria

  1. Enfermedad periodontal inflamatoria asociada a un absceso pulmonar. Presentación de un caso

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    López Rodríguez, Vania Julexis; Garcías Rodríguez, Marisel; Gómez Martínez, Ana Iris; Díaz Gonzáles, Gabriela

    2015-01-01

    Fundamento: A pesar, de que hay reportes de casos en la literatura internacional, que asocian la enfermedad periodontal con enfermedades respiratorias y medidas para la prevención de la enfermedad periodontal inflamatoria, sino se establece un adecuado manejo de esta última, puede evolucionar con una complicación sistémica como es el absceso pulmonar. Objetivo: Ilustrar cómo la enfermedad periodontal inflamatoria puede asociarse a un absceso pulmonar como complicación sistémica en su evolució...

  2. Enzimas proteolíticas relacionadas con la enfermedad periodontal inflamatoria

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    Bárbara E. García Triana

    1998-08-01

    Full Text Available La enfermedad periodontal inflamatoria ocasiona la destrucción de los tejidos que protegen y soportan al diente; es por eso de gran importancia el papel que pueden desempeñar las enzimas que sean capaces de degradar la matriz del tejido conectivo, como las enzimas proteolíticas. Existen evidencias de que las metaloproteinasas de la matriz, las proteasas leucocitarias y las bacterianas, pueden participar en la etiopatogenia de esta enfermedad. Su acción es regulada en los tejidos, por la presencia de inhibidores específicos, de manera que un desbalance proteasas-inhibidores a favor de los primeros, conduciría a la destrucción de las proteínas de la matriz del tejido conectivo. A su vez, en la actividad proteolítica influyen diferentes factores, que de manera global, inducen un fenotipo degradativo o formativo, y que por lo tanto, podrían estar involucrados en la etiopatogenia de la enfermedad periodontal inflamatoria.The periodontal disease brings about the destruction of the protective and supporting tissues of the teeth, therefore, the role of enzymes capable of degrading connective tissue matrix is of great importance. There are evidences of the possible involvement of the matrix metalloproteinases, leukocyte proteases and bacterial proteases in the pathogenesis of such disease. Their action is controlled by specific inhibitors in the tissues. This means that any protease-inhibitor imbalance favouring the presence of proteases may lead to the destruction of matrix connective tissue. In turn, proteolytic activity is influenced by different factors that globally induce a degradative or formative phenotype, and thus, may be involved in the pathogenesis of the periodontal disease.

  3. La Peroxidación lipídica en la enfermedad periodontal inflamatoria experimental

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    Bárbara E García Triana

    1998-04-01

    Full Text Available La peroxidación de los lípidos de las membranas de los tejidos periodontales, parece estar implicada en la etiopatogenia de la enfermedad periodontal inflamatoria. En este estudio utilizamos perros Beagles, a los cuales se les provocó la enfermedad, por ligadura de los dientes de una hemiarcada, mientras la hemiarcada opuesta se empleó como control. Al final del experimento, las variables estudiadas (profundidad del surco gingival, altura ósea y niveles de malonil-dialdehído fueron significativamente superiores en la hemiarcada ligada, con respecto a la no ligada. Concluimos que el uso de este modelo es factible en nuestras condiciones. Estos resultados apoyan la teoría de la participación de la peroxidación lipídica en la etiopatogenia de la enfermedad periodontal inflamatoria.The lipid peroxidation of the periodontal membranes seems to be involved in the pathogenesis of the periodontal disease. We used for this study Beagles dogs which were caused such a disease by applying a ligature to a dental hemiarch teeth whereas the opposite hemiarch was used as a control. At the end of the experiment, the studied variables (gingival sulcus depth, bone height and malonyl-dialdehyde levels were significantly higher in the ligated hemiarch. We concluded that the use of this model is feasible in our conditions. These results back up the theory of the role of lipid peroxidation in the pathogenesis of the periodontal diseases.

  4. La peroxidación lipídica en la etiopatogenia de la enfermedad periodontal inflamatoria

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    Bárbara E García Triana

    Full Text Available Las especies reactivas del oxígeno están implicadas en la etiopatogenia de la inflamación. Durante la activación de los leucocitos, se liberan grandes cantidades de estas especies, cuya función es la eliminación de los agentes patógenos. Si las defensas antioxidantes de los tejidos no funcionan eficientemente, son inducidas reacciones radicálicas que afectan a las biomoléculas. El ataque a los lípidos de la membrana celular provoca su peroxidación, con la consiguiente formación de nuevas especies radicálicas y metabolitos tóxicos. La presencia de un fuerte infiltrado inflamatorio en los tejidos periodontales, durante la enfermedad periodontal inflamatoria, ha sugerido la posible participación de las especies reactivas del oxígeno en la etiopatogenia de esta enfermedad. Se supone que el ataque de estas sustancias a los tejidos periodontales con deficiente defensa antioxidante, provoca la aparición de la peroxidación lipídica, que puede conducir a la lisis celular y la activación de proteasas.

  5. La peroxidación lipídica en la etiopatogenia de la enfermedad periodontal inflamatoria

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    Bárbara E García Triana

    1998-04-01

    Full Text Available Las especies reactivas del oxígeno están implicadas en la etiopatogenia de la inflamación. Durante la activación de los leucocitos, se liberan grandes cantidades de estas especies, cuya función es la eliminación de los agentes patógenos. Si las defensas antioxidantes de los tejidos no funcionan eficientemente, son inducidas reacciones radicálicas que afectan a las biomoléculas. El ataque a los lípidos de la membrana celular provoca su peroxidación, con la consiguiente formación de nuevas especies radicálicas y metabolitos tóxicos. La presencia de un fuerte infiltrado inflamatorio en los tejidos periodontales, durante la enfermedad periodontal inflamatoria, ha sugerido la posible participación de las especies reactivas del oxígeno en la etiopatogenia de esta enfermedad. Se supone que el ataque de estas sustancias a los tejidos periodontales con deficiente defensa antioxidante, provoca la aparición de la peroxidación lipídica, que puede conducir a la lisis celular y la activación de proteasas.The reative oxygen species are involved in the pathogenesis of inflammation. Leukocyte activation released a great amount of these species the function of which is to eliminate pathogen agents. If antioxidant tissue defenses do not act properly, then radical reactions affecting biomolecules are induced. The attack on cell membrane lipids caused their peroxidation followed by the formation of new radical species and toxic metabolites. The existence of a strong inflammatory infiltrate in periodontal tissues in the course of the periodontal disease suggest the possible involvement of reactive oxygen species in the pathogenesis of this disease. It is supposed that the attack of these substances on the poorly antioxidant defended periodontal tissues makes the lipid peroxidation take place, which may lead to cellular lysis and proteases activation.

  6. La enfermedad periodontal, ¿un factor de riesgo más para el infarto cerebral isquémico aterotrombótico?

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    María Elena González Díaz

    Full Text Available De forma compactada se explica la relación biológicamente plausible que existe entre la aparición de accidentes cerebrovasculares, particularmente de infarto cerebral isquémico aterotrombótico y la precedencia de enfermedad periodontal inmuno-inflamatoria crónica. Se sugiere la necesidad de estudios que vinculen ambas entidades para conciliar los resultados de las investigaciones internacionales con las realizadas en nuestro medio. Se propone el análisis del estado periodontal en los pacientes pertenecientes a grupos de riesgo o víctimas de enfermedades cerebrovasculares. La consideración de la enfermedad periodontal inmuno-inflamatoria crónica como un factor de riesgo más para el infarto cerebral isquémico aterotrombótico, debe pasar de una interrogante a una estrategia.

  7. Mejoría mucosa endoscópica en pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal

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    Veitia, Guillermo; Pernalete, Beatriz; La Cruz, María Alejandra; Rodríguez, María Josefina; Cachima, Lisbeth; Soto, José; Esquerre, Ivanova; Manuitt, Juan; Pérez, Guillermo

    2014-01-01

    La curación mucosa endoscópica en enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal se asocia con remisión clínica sostenida, reducción de hospitalizaciones y cirugía, pero lograrlo es difícil, según la literatura. Por ello evaluamos la mejoría mucosa endoscópica en nuestros pacientes. Objetivo: Evaluar la mejoría mucosa endoscópica en pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal. Métodos: estudio multicéntrico, descriptivo, transversal. Incluyó 24 pacientes entre 17 y 73 años. Para evaluar respuesta a ...

  8. El papel de la genética en la aparición y desarrollo de la periodontitis: II: Polimorfismos asociados a la enfermedad periodontal The role of genetics in the development and progression of periodontitis: II: Polymorphism associated to periodontal disease

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    D. Rodrigo-Gómez; A. Oteo-Calatayud; A. Alonso-Rosado; A. Bascones-Martínez

    2008-01-01

    La periodontitis es una enfermedad multifactorial que resulta de la interacción de bacterias periodontopatógenas con los mecanismos de respuesta inmune del huésped y que se caracteriza por una reacción inflamatoria que afecta al aparato de inserción del diente. Las enfermedades multifactoriales habitualmente envuelven complejas interacciones de muchos genes y factores ambientales. El tipo de variaciones genéticas involucradas en este tipo de enfermedades se denominan polimorfismos genéticos, ...

  9. Interleukina 18, ¿nuevo factor a tener en cuenta en la patogénesis de la enfermedad periodontal? Interleukin 18, A new factor in the pathogenesis of the periodontal disease

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    R. Andrés; J. Amaro; A. Bascones

    2006-01-01

    La enfermedad periodontal es un proceso infeccioso, crónico y de naturaleza inflamatoria, donde se produce la pérdida de los tejidos de sostén del diente. Existe un acuerdo general en que son las bacterias de la placa las responsables del inicio y mantenimiento de la enfermedad; pero se cree que será el tipo de respuesta inmune del individuo, la responsable del grado de destrucción periodontal que se desarrolle. Se piensa que una respuesta mediada por anticuerpos produciría una mayor destrucc...

  10. Amiloidosis secundaria en la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal Secondary amyloidosis in Chrohn's disease

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    S. Seijo Ríos

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available La amiloidosis es una entidad clínica que se produce a consecuencia del depósito a nivel extracelular de un material proteico amorfo, causando una desorganización de la arquitectura normal de múltiples órganos y tejidos y, por tanto, una alteración funcional de los mismos. La amiloidosis secundaria es una complicación infrecuente pero muy grave que aparece en el contexto de neoplasias, enfermedades infecciosas e inflamatorias de curso crónico, como es el caso de la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal, principalmente enfermedad de Crohn, ensombreciendo el pronóstico de estos pacientes. A continuación presentamos dos casos clínicos correspondientes a dos pacientes con enfermedad de Crohn que desarrollaron amiloidosis secundaria.Amyloidosis is a clinical entity that results from the deposition of an extracellular protein material that causes disruption in the normal architecture of multiple organs and tissues, and impairs their function. Secondary amyloidosis is a rare but serious complication that may worsen the prognosis of patients with cancer, infection or chronic inflammatory disease, including inflammatory bowel disease, particularly Crohn's disease. We report two cases of Crohn's disease associated with secondary amyloidosis.

  11. Estrés oxidativo, diabetes mellitus y enfermedad periodontal. Una revisión sistemática

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    Araceli Grizel Valdez Penagos; Víctor Manuel Mendoza Núñez

    2004-01-01

    La enfermedad periodontal humana (EPH) es una alteración inflamatoria que incrementa el daño y pérdida de tejido, como resultado de complejas interacciones entre bacterias patogénicas y la respuesta inmune del huésped. Al mismo tiempo, ha sido señalado que la diabetes mellitus (DM) incrementa la incidencia de EPH. Al respecto, las especies reactivas de oxígeno (EROs) han sido implicadas en la patogénesis de ambas enfermedades. Por lo tanto, se ha hipotetizado que la mayor incidencia ...

  12. Enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal y celiaquía : componente genético y farmacogenética

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    Medrano de Dios, Luz María

    2014-01-01

    La enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII) y la enfermedad celiaca (ECe) son dos enfermedades mediadas por el sistema inmunológico con afectación intestinal crónica. En los últimos años los avances en los estudios genéticos (GWAS) han permitido identificar un amplio número de variantes asociadas a estas enfermedades (163 loci en EII y 40 en ECe). A pesar de ello, existe un porcentaje de heredabilidad aún por descubrir (“heredabilidad perdida”) en la que hemos centrado este trabajo. Comenzamo...

  13. FERTILIDAD Y EMBARAZO EN PACIENTES CON ENFERMEDADES INFLAMATORIAS INTESTINALES

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    ANDRÉS YARUR U., DR.

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available Las Enfermedades Inflamatorias Intestinales (EII son entidades crónicas del tracto digestivo, que afectan frecuentemente a pacientes en edad reproductiva. Debido a las características de estas enfermedades y su tratamiento, existen múltiples desafíos. En este artículo, revisamos la evidencia más reciente con respecto a fertilidad y embarazo en pacientes con EII. En general, existe evidencia de que pacientes con EII tienen una mayor tasa de complicaciones durante el embarazo con respecto a pacientes sin EII. Sin embargo, esta diferencia está directamente asociada al grado de actividad de la enfermedad. La mayor parte de los fármacos hoy usados en el tratamiento de EII son considerados seguros durante el embarazo y se recomienda continuarlos, sobre todo considerando que el mayor riesgo de complicaciones está asociado a una enfermedad activa. Sin embargo es importante considerar las opciones caso a caso. Las dos grandes excepciones son metotrexato y talidomida que están completamente contraindicadas. La recomendación más importante es educar a toda paciente con EII en edad reproductiva, explicando que el embarazo debe llevarse a cabo cuando la enfermedad esté controlada y que la probabilidad de complicaciones está relacionada con el grado de actividad y severidad de la EII. Los médicos tratantes deben educar a las pacientes, enfatizando el seguimiento de los controles y tratamiento.

  14. Hipnosis clínica en un caso de enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal

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    J. C. FERNÁNDEZ MÉNDEZ

    2000-01-01

    Full Text Available Un sujeto de veinte años con una enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal fue tratado con hipnosis. Hasta donde sabemos es el primer informe que documenta el empleo de la hipnosis clínica en un paciente con enfermedad de Crohn, para reducir el estrés y afrontar las demandas originadas por la patología digestiva. Además, otro aspecto importante en el presente trabajo, es el registro exhaustivo y consecutivo de la sintomatología gastrointestinal, un punto débil en la gran mayoría de los trabajos precedentes. Al finalizar la intervención psicológica disminuyó notablemente el nivel de intensidad del estrés, el número de deposiciones diarias así como la intensidad del dolor abdominal. Estos resultados se mantuvieron a lo largo del seguimiento.

  15. Inmunogenicidad de la vacuna frente al virus de la hepatitis B en pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal

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    Olsen Rodríguez, Renée

    2017-01-01

    La colitis ulcerosa (CU) y la enfermedad de Crohn (EC) son patologías que se denominan conjuntamente enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII). Su patogenia es poco conocida, pero si se sabe que hay una respuesta inmune frente a estructuras del tubo digestivo. El tratamiento se basa es disminuir esta inmunogenicidad administrando corticoides, inmunosupresores o terapias biológicas. Todas estas circunstancias favorecen las infecciones y reactivaciones por el virus de la hepatitis B (VHB). La pr...

  16. Infliximab en pacientes con enfermedad ocular inflamatoria, refractarios a DARMES

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    Elmer R. García-Salazar

    2013-07-01

    Full Text Available Se describe la experiencia con infliximab (anticuerpo monoclonal con una potente acción antiinflamatoria en el tratamiento de enfermedades oculares inflamatorias secundarias a patologías reumáticas y refractarias a drogas antirreumáticas modificadoras de la enfermedad (DARMES. Se evaluó el caso de una paciente de 50 años con artritis reumatoide (AR de fondo activo y una paciente de 37 años con vasculitis anticuerpos anticitoplasma de neutrófilos especifico para mieloperoxidasa (ANCA MPO sin compromiso de órgano noble, ambas con escleritis bilateral y perforación con prolapso de iris del ojo izquierdo. Ellas recibieron infliximab EV en dosis de 3 a 5 mg/kg/dosis, según el esquema, a las 0, 2, 6 y 8 semanas. Infliximab resultó eficaz y seguro para el tratamiento de escleritis asociada a AR y vasculitis ANCA MPO positivo, refractaria a tratamiento con DARMES y corticoides en dosis altas. Los injertos de tejido esclerocorneal evolucionaron favorablemente con infliximab.

  17. Estrés oxidativo, diabetes mellitus y enfermedad periodontal. Una revisión sistemática

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    Araceli Grizel Valdez Penagos

    2004-01-01

    Full Text Available La enfermedad periodontal humana (EPH es una alteración inflamatoria que incrementa el daño y pérdida de tejido, como resultado de complejas interacciones entre bacterias patogénicas y la respuesta inmune del huésped. Al mismo tiempo, ha sido señalado que la diabetes mellitus (DM incrementa la incidencia de EPH. Al respecto, las especies reactivas de oxígeno (EROs han sido implicadas en la patogénesis de ambas enfermedades. Por lo tanto, se ha hipotetizado que la mayor incidencia de EPH en los sujetos con DM en comparación con los sanos es debida al estrés oxidativo (EOx. Sin embargo, las evidencias científicas son escasas. En este artículo se presenta una revisión sistemática en relación al vínculo entre el EOx, la DM y EPH.

  18. ERRORES FRECUENTES EN EL DIAGNÓSTICO Y TRATAMIENTO DE LOS PACIENTES CON ENFERMEDAD INFLAMATORIA INTESTINAL

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    JAIME LUBASCHER C., DR.

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available El creciente aumento de pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII, sumado a la multiplicidad de alternativas terapéuticas y a la poca experiencia en general de los médicos para tratar estas patologías, ya que son enfermedades emergentes, ha facilitado que se cometan errores tanto en el diagnóstico como en el tratamiento de las EII. En este artículo, se presentarán los más frecuentes e importantes, según la experiencia del autor, con el objeto de corregir estas conductas y alertar a los equipos médicos sobre éstas. El listado incluye errores cometidos en la historia clínica, laboratorio general, endoscopia y tratamiento.

  19. Manifestaciones reumatológicas de la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal Rheumatologic manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease

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    Octavio Germán Muñoz Maya

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available La enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII se caracteriza por la activación inapropiada del sistema inmune de la mucosa intestinal y sus dos formas de presentación son: la colitis ulcerativa y la enfermedad de Crohn. Las manifestaciones extraintestinales se presentan hasta en el 36% de los pacientes y pueden comprometer cualquier órgano o sistema. La disfunción inmune se caracteriza por el desequilibrio entre los mediadores proinflamatorios y los antinflamatorios y se expresa como una enfermedad sistémica. Las manifestaciones reumatológicas asociadas a la EII son de tres tipos: la artritis periférica, la espondiloartropatía y una tercera categoría que incluye lesiones dérmicas, oftálmicas y del metabolismo óseo, entre otras. El manejo de estas manifestaciones se basa en la terapia sistémica para el control de la actividad inflamatoria local utilizando esteroides, derivados de la 5-ASA, inmunomoduladores y, en los últimos años, terapia anti-TNF. The main feature of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD is the continuous activation of the mucosa-associated immune system; the disease has two major forms of presentation: ulcerative colitis and Crohn´s disease. The extraintestinal manifestations are present in 36% of patients, and any organ can be affected. There is an imbalance between proinflammatory and antinflammatory cytokines leading to a systemic disease. The rheumatologic manifestations of the IBD are: Peripheral arthritis, spondyloarthropathy and a third category that includes dermic and ocular lesions as well as metabolic bone disease. Control of the extraintestinal manifestations is based on systemic therapy with steroids, 5-ASA derivatives and biological anti-TNF therapy.

  20. Guia de actuación para el farmacéutico comunitario en enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal

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    Estefanía Heredia Balladares

    Full Text Available RESUMEN Introducción: La presente guía está enfocada en ayudar al paciente con Enfermedad Inflamatoria Intestinal que asiste a la oficina de farmacia, mediante la oferta de servicios de atención farmacéutica como son la farmacovigilancia y el seguimiento farmacoterapéutico que buscan promover la inclusión del farmacéutico comunitario en el equipo de salud. Objetivo: Elaborar una guía de actuación para el Farmacéutico Comunitario en pacientes con Enfermedad Inflamatoria Intestinal Metodología: El protocolo de revisión sistemática para la elaboración de la presente guía fue desarrollado en base a los criterios en el que se establecen: Identificar la pregunta de investigación, realizar un plan de estrategia en bases de datos electrónicos, utilizar un enfoque de equipo para la extracción de información, realizar un análisis temático y resumir la información. Resultados: La elaboración de algoritmos en la presente guía permite aportar información oportuna para el farmacéutico comunitario acorde a las características individuales que se presenten en cada paciente permitiendo detectar de manera rápida y eficaz los problemas que se pudieren presentar durante la enfermedad para poder prevenirlos e intervenir de manera oportuna. Discusión: La información aportada ayuda a reforzar los conocimientos teórico-prácticos del farmacéutico comunitario, incentivándolo a promover y promocionar servicios de atención farmacéutica enfocados en las necesidades del paciente

  1. Enfermedad periodontal en adolescentes

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    Navarro Napóles, Josefa

    2017-01-01

    Introducción: durante mucho tiempo se creyó que la enfermedad periodontal era una afección de la adultez, sin embargo la falta de motivación en la práctica de la higiene oral en la etapa de la adolescencia condiciona su aparición. Objetivo: identificar el estado periodontal en adolescentes de la escuela Secundaria Básica Urbana ¨Raúl Pujols¨, en la ciudad de Santiago de Cuba, en el periodo de septiembre 2014 hasta marzo 2015. Materiales y Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descript...

  2. Expresión de citoquinas Th17 y su correlación con periodontopatógenos y el área periodontal inflamada en pacientes con periodontitis crónica

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    Herane, A.; Chaparro, A.; Quintero, A.; Sanz, A.; Hernández, M.; Gaedechens, D.; Carrión, F.; Inostroza, C.

    2013-01-01

    Antecedentes: La periodontitis es una enfermedad inflamatoria infecciosa que involucra una respuesta inmune del hospedero y se caracteriza por destrucción del hueso alveolar, el objetivo del estudio es analizar la expresión de citoquinas Th17 y su correlación con periodontopatógenos y el área periodontal inflamada en pacientes con periodontitis crónica. Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo exploratorio en el que se reclutaron 23 pacientes con diagnóstico de periodontitis crónica y un gru...

  3. Necesidad del abandono del tabaquismo para la prevención de enfermedad periodontal y otras afecciones

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    Eladio Miguel Traviesas Herrera

    2011-09-01

    Full Text Available Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica sobre el papel que ejerce el tabaquismo como factor de riesgo de múltiples afecciones que inciden en el estado de salud del individuo. Se revisaron artículos originales y de revisión, localizados a través de Pubmed, Google y revistas internacionales y nacionales reconocidas, que correspondieron a las palabras claves seleccionadas. El periodo de búsqueda de la información estuvo comprendido entre los meses de enero a diciembre del año 2010. Se destacó la influencia que ejerce esta práctica en la aparición de las enfermedades bucales siguientes: lesiones premalignas, cáncer bucal, estomatitis nicotínica y periodontopatías inflamatorias agudas y crónicas. Se expresó la influencia de esta práctica en el desarrollo y gravedad de la enfermedad periodontal. También se exploraron en esta revisión aspectos relacionados con el abandono del tabaquismo: las ventajas físicas, psicológicas, económicas inmediatas y a largo plazo que representa esta conducta, así como los procesos y los métodos que en la actualidad se explotan para dicho abandono. Se evidenció que resulta necesario implementar técnicas para el abandono del tabaquismo y de esta forma contribuir a la devolución de la salud periodontal.

  4. Proteína C reactiva como marcador inflamatorio en la enfermedad periodontal

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    Víctor Martínez-Aguilar

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available La Proteína C Reactiva (PCR es una de las proteínas plasmáticas que aparecen en la fase aguda de la inflamación. La periodontitis se relaciona con niveles elevados de PCR en adul tos y con una reducción de la misma después de su tratamiento. La diabetes, por otro lado, es una enfermedad que compromete la respuesta tanto inflamatoria como reparativa del organismo y los tejidos periodontales son particularmente sensibles a su efecto. La PCR por lo tanto, puede ser útil en el diagnóstico y en la determinación de progresión de la enfermedad periodontal (EP. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar los niveles de PCR en pacientes con EP y pacientes con EP y diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2. Se incluyeron 60 sujetos distribuidos en 3 grupos: 15 pacientes con EP (Grupo 1, 15 pacientes con EP y DM2 (grupo 2 y 30 pacientes sistémicamente sanos (grupo 3. A cada uno de los participantes se les realizaron pruebas bioquímicas: Proteína C Re activa (NycoCard® PCR, HbA1c (NycoCard® y glucosa en sangre. Para el diagnóstico de la enfermedad periodontal se siguieron los parámetros del 5° Taller Europeo de Periodontología. Para evaluar las diferencias entre los grupos se usó la prueba de Kruskal Wallis. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticas significativas al comparar la concentración de PCR en los 3 grupos (p<0.01, siendo el grupo de pacientes sanos el que presentaba el menor promedio (4.88±0.08 y los mayores promedios para los grupos de EP (5 .95±2.23 y EP/DM2 (5.21±0.20. Además se encontraron diferencias significativas (p<0.01 en los tres grupos con respecto a la concentración hemoglobina, talla, IMC y PI. Los resultados indican que los niveles séricos de PCR se elevan en pacientes con EP y en pacientes con EP y DM2. Aunque se notó esta diferencia, existen diversos factores tanto locales como sistémicos que pueden potencialmente influir en los niveles de PCR y estos representan una limitación y dificultad al momento de

  5. La enfermedad periodontal como riesgo de enfermedades sistémicas The periodontal disease as a risk for systemic diseases

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    Maritza Peña Sisto

    2008-03-01

    Full Text Available Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica exhaustiva acerca de la presencia de enfermedad periodontal como factor de riesgo asociado con diversas enfermedades sistémicas. Algunos autores han propuesto el nacimiento de la medicina periodontal, como nueva disciplina, para explicar estas asociaciones. Las evidencias que emergieron en el último decenio arrojaron luz sobre el lado inverso de la relación entre salud general y salud bucal, o sea, los efectos potenciales de la enfermedad periodontal sobre una amplia variedad de sistemas de órganos. En los últimos años han surgido numerosos informes basados en estudios epidemiológicos en los que las infecciones buco-dentales se asocian con enfermedades sistémicas, entre ellas alteraciones cerebrovasculares, respiratorias, diabetes mellitus y resultados adversos del embarazo, debido a los lipopolisacáridos, las bacterias gramnegativas viables del biofilm y citoquinas proinflamatorias que pueden ingresar al torrente sanguíneo e influir en la salud general y susceptibilidad a ciertas enfermedades. Se reúnen los modelos de interacción y mecanismos propuestos, además de evidencias que sustentan las teorías proclamadas, prestando especial interés a la causalidad entre ambos procesos.An exhaustive bibliographic review of the presence of the periodontal disease as a risk factor associated with diverse systemic diseases was made. Some authors have proposed the emergence of periodontal medicine as a new discipline to explain these associations. The evidences that appeared in the last decade shed light on the opposite side of the relation between general health and oral health, that is, the potential effects of the periodontal diseases on a wide range of organ systems. In the last years, several reports have been based on epidemiological studies in which the oro-dental diseases are associated with systemic diseases, such as cerebrovascular and respiratory disorders, diabetes mellitus and adverse

  6. Enfermedad periodontal en pacientes infectados por el VIH

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    Caridad Nazco Ríos

    2002-04-01

    Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio epidemiológico descriptivo transversal en 22 pacientes seropositivos al VIH ingresados en el Sanatorio Provincial de Villa Clara, con el propósito de determinar la prevalencia y gravedad de la enfermedad periodontal, su relación con las etapas clínicas de la infección por el VIH, la población linfocitaria, la higiene bucal y las infecciones agudas del grupo estudiado. El mayor número de pacientes pertenecían al grupo de edades de 20 a 29 años y el sexo masculino fue el más encontrado; la prevalencia de la enfermedad periodontal fue del 100 %, la destrucción avanzada la lesión más severa (13,6 % en pacientes del grupo II de la enfermedad por VIH, y la gingivitis con bolsa la más frecuente (86,45 %. La higiene bucal fue deficiente en todos los examinados. La estomatitis aftosa fue la infección aguda más frecuente. No se encontraron formas de enfermedad periodontal asociadas con el VIH. La cifra de inmunocompetentes alcanzó el 68,2 % y el 31,8 % presentó una inmunodepresión leve.An epidemiological descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 22 HIV seropositive patients admitted at the Provincial Sanatorium of Villa Clara aimed at determining the prevalence and severity of the periodontal disease, its relationship with the clinical stages of the HIV infection, the lymphocitary population, the oral hygiene and the acute infections of the studied group. Most of the patients were between 20 and 29 years old; whereas males were the most affected. There was a prevalence of the periodontal disease of 100 %. The advanced destruction was the most serious lesion (13.6 % in patients from the group II of the disease caused by HIV and the gingivitis with pocket was the most common (86.45 %. Oral hygiene was deficient in all individuals that were examined. The aphthous stomatitis was the most frequent acute infection. There were no forms of periodontal diseases associated with HIV. The figure of

  7. Enfermedad periodontal y embarazo. Revisión de la literatura

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    B. María De Los Ángeles Herane, DRA.; DR. C. Carlos Godoy; DR. C. Patricio Herane

    2014-01-01

    La gingivitis del embarazo es una enfermedad inflamatoria producida por bacterias con una alta prevalencia, que va del 35 al 100%, según estudios. La severidad de la gingivitis aumentó gradualmente y alcanzó su peak en el tercer trimestre, seguido por una súbita disminución de la severidad en postparto, el cual se correlacionó con un aumento gradual en el nivel plasmático de progesterona y niveles de estrógenos que alcanzan su peak en el tercer trimestre y que sufren una repentina caída despu...

  8. Enfermedad periodontal y factores locales y sistémicos asociados

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    María Elena González Díaz

    2002-12-01

    Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio epidemiológico transversal en 3 áreas de salud del municipio Santa Clara en el período de enero a diciembre de 1999, con el objetivo de determinar la condición periodontal de los encuestados y establecer sus nexos con factores locales y sistémicos existentes. Se determinó la prevalencia y gravedad de la enfermedad periodontal mediante la aplicación del índice de necesidad de tratamiento periodontal en la comunidad, y se relacionaron sus categorizaciones con factores locales y generales explorados durante el estudio. La prevalencia fue alta, vinculada con la edad y con el grado de higiene bucal. El hábito de fumar se asoció con la enfermedad ya establecida, la caries dental con estados incipientes; los casos con maloclusiones eran mayoritariamente enfermos y la patología sistémica más asociada con la enfermedad periodontal fue la diabetes.A cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted in 3 health areas of the municipality of Santa Clara from January to December, 1999, with the aim of determining the periodontal conditions of the surveyed and to establish its links with the existing local and systemic factors. The prevalence and severity of the periodontal disease was determined by applying the index of need of periodontal treatment in the community and its categorizations were related to local and general factors explored during the study. The prevalence was high related to the age and to the degree of oral hygiene. Smoking was associated with the already established disease, whereas dental caries were associated with incipient states. Most of the cases with malocclusions were sick and diabetes was the systemic pathology most associated with periodontal disease.

  9. PREVALENCIA DE ENFERMEDAD PERIODONTAL (E. P.) EN INDIVIDUOS CON SÍNDROME DE DOWN (S. D.).

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    Maita Véliz, Luis; Casteñeda Mosto, María

    2014-01-01

    Los niños disminuidos requieren recibir una adecuada evaluación de su estado de salud periodontal. Es necesario investigar en esta población la prevalenciada enfermedad periodontal (E. P.) siendo escasos los trabajos en el país. La literatura de otros países reporta una prevalencia y severidad alta de E. P. en individuos con síndrome de Down. Los objetivos de la investigación están referidos a conocer la prevalencia de enfermedad periodontal: las áreas periodontales con mayor enfermedad perio...

  10. Tratamiento cognitivo-conductual protocolizado en grupo de las enfermedades inflamatorias intestinales Protocolized cognitive-behavioural group therapy for inflammatory bowel disease

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    M. A. Díaz Sibaja

    2007-10-01

    Full Text Available Introducción: los pacientes con enfermedades inflamatorias intestinales presentan una mayor tasa de alteraciones psicopatológicas que la población normal, predominantemente ansiedad y depresión. Objetivo: el principal objetivo de este estudio fue diseñar, poner en práctica y validar un programa de tratamiento psicológico protocolizado, basado en el modelo de competencias y con una metodología psicoeducativa, en el que se incluyeron los siguientes módulos de intervención: información de la enfermedad, modelo de afrontamiento, solución de problemas, técnicas de relajación, entrenamiento en habilidades sociales, técnicas de distracción y técnicas de reestructuración cognitiva. Todas estás técnicas fueron adaptadas a la problemática característica de la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal. Método: la muestra estuvo constituida por 57 pacientes diagnosticados de enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal de la Asociación de Enfermos de Crohn y Colitis Ulcerosa de España. La muestra se distribuyó aleatoriamente en dos grupos experimentales, 33 formaron parte del programa de tratamiento en grupo y 24 fueron asignados al grupo control en lista de espera. Las variables emocionales medidas fueron: ansiedad y depresión. Resultados: los resultados reflejaron una mejoría clínica y estadísticamente significativa en las variables de ansiedad (p Introduction: patients affected by inflammatory bowel disease have a high rate of psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety. Objective: the main goal of this study was to design, to put into practice, and to validate a protocolized psychological treatment program based on the coping model, and a psycho-educational methodology in which the following intervention modules were included- illness information, coping model, problem solving techniques, relaxation, social skill training, distraction, and cognitive restructuring techniques. All these techniques were adapted to the characteristic

  11. Situaciones especiales en la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal: primer consenso latinoamericano de la Pan American Crohn's and Colitis Organisation (PANCCO (Segunda parte

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    J.K. Yamamoto-Furusho

    2017-04-01

    Full Text Available Este es el primer Consenso Latinoamericano de la Pan American Crohn's and Colitis Organisation (PANCCO que corresponde a situaciones especiales en pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII. El objetivo de este consenso es concientizar a la comunidad médica de todos los países de América Latina acerca del embarazo, la vacunación, las infecciones y las neoplasias, incluyendo el cáncer colorrectal, así como los aspectos pediátricos en pacientes con EII.

  12. Higiene Oral en Enfermedad Periodontal: Consideraciones Históricas, Clínicas y Educativas.

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    Jhon Fredy Briceño Castellanos

    2012-03-01

    Full Text Available Normal 0 21 false false false ES-CO X-NONE X-NONE Históricamente se han discutido diversos modelos de enfermedad periodontal para direccionar su enfoque terapéutico. Actualmente se reconoce que la enfermedad periodontal es de origen bacteriano, su comportamiento puede ser reversible y registra alta prevalencia en países de bajos ingresos. Objetivo: Primero, analizar los diversos abordajes preventivos a través de la historia. Segundo, abordar sus implicaciones clínicas y educativas. Conclusión: La higiene oral ha sido la práctica más evidenciada de prevención en enfermedad periodontal pero se requieren más estudios multidisciplinarios a largo plazo para evaluar su eficacia e impacto real.

  13. La enfermedad periodontal asociada al paciente con Síndrome de Down

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    Rubens Demicheri A.

    Full Text Available Resumen: El Síndrome de Down es una de las condiciones de discapacidad más comunes. Dentro de las patologías bucales más prevalentes, la enfermedad periodontal es una de las asociadas con este síndrome. Se considera que la persona con Síndrome de Down presenta una mayor susceptibilidad a contraer esta enfermedad. En este artículo se describen los factores etiológicos y las características clínicas de la enfermedad en pacientes portadores del síndrome

  14. Eficacia del primer tratamiento sistémico con glucocorticoides en la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal. Revisión sistemática y serie de casos

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    López San Román, Antonio

    2009-01-01

    Los glucocorticoides son un fármaco de eficacia alta en pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal, consiguiendo inducir respuesta en aproximadamente un 70% de los pacientes, respuesta que perdura a largo plazo en casi la mitad de los casos. La mayor edad al diagnóstico y al inicio del primer tratamiento son los principales factores predoctores de mala respuesta a los glucocorticoides. Una política de inmunosupresión precoz de los pacientes que no se hubieran beneficiado a largo plazo d...

  15. Necesidad del abandono del tabaquismo para la prevención de enfermedad periodontal y otras afecciones It is necessary to quit smoking to prevent periodontal disease and other affections

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    Eladio Miguel Traviesas Herrera

    2011-09-01

    Full Text Available Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica sobre el papel que ejerce el tabaquismo como factor de riesgo de múltiples afecciones que inciden en el estado de salud del individuo. Se revisaron artículos originales y de revisión, localizados a través de Pubmed, Google y revistas internacionales y nacionales reconocidas, que correspondieron a las palabras claves seleccionadas. El periodo de búsqueda de la información estuvo comprendido entre los meses de enero a diciembre del año 2010. Se destacó la influencia que ejerce esta práctica en la aparición de las enfermedades bucales siguientes: lesiones premalignas, cáncer bucal, estomatitis nicotínica y periodontopatías inflamatorias agudas y crónicas. Se expresó la influencia de esta práctica en el desarrollo y gravedad de la enfermedad periodontal. También se exploraron en esta revisión aspectos relacionados con el abandono del tabaquismo: las ventajas físicas, psicológicas, económicas inmediatas y a largo plazo que representa esta conducta, así como los procesos y los métodos que en la actualidad se explotan para dicho abandono. Se evidenció que resulta necesario implementar técnicas para el abandono del tabaquismo y de esta forma contribuir a la devolución de la salud periodontal.A bibliographic review was made on the smoking role as risk factor of multiple affections with impact on the subject's health. Authors reviewed original papers and of reviews located by Pubmed, Google and international national recognized journals corresponding to selected key words. Information search period was from January to December, 2010. It was emphasized in a particular way the influence of this practice on appearance of following oral pathologies: pre-malignant lesions, oral cancer, nicotinic stomatitis as well as the acute and chronic inflammatory periodontal diseases. The influence of this practice in the development and severity of periodontal disease was expressed. Also, the authors

  16. Influencia de polimorfismos genéticos, variables analíticas y ambientales en las concentraciones valle de terapia anti-TNF de pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal

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    Romero Cara, Patricia

    2015-01-01

    OBJETIVOS La terapia anti-TNF-alfa está indicada en el tratamiento de las enfermedades inflamatorias crónicas. Cuando la respuesta es inadecuada se recomienda la intensificación de la dosis. Sin embargo, ni las razones para esta recomendación, ni los múltiples mecanismos implicados son bien conocidos. Nuestro objetivo principal es investigar si polimorfismos en los genes FCGRT, FCGR2A y FCGR3A (relacionados con el metabolismo y eliminación de inmunoglobulinas) ejercen una influencia en la ...

  17. CARACTERÍSTICAS INFLAMATORIAS DE LA OBESIDAD

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    Reyes J, Marcela

    2010-01-01

    Actualmente la obesidad es considerada una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica, de intensidad leve. Las alteraciones que ocurren en el tejido adiposo en expansión son muy similares a las de una inflamación clásica, sin embargo se desconoce aún el agente lesivo que lo gatilla. La activación del sistema inmune no se da solamente en el tejido adiposo, sino que es identificable a nivel circulatorio y en los diferentes órganos relacionados con el metabolismo de sustratos como son hígado, páncreas y mú...

  18. Enfermedad periodontal en embarazadas adolescentes. Revisión bibliográfica

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    Antonieta Cotis

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Indagar en la literatura información sobre la enfermedad periodontal en adolescentes embarazadas, que le permitan al odontopediatra opininar acerca de los diferentes hallazgos según las patología periodontales más prevalentes en estas pacientes. Materiales y métodos: Se rasteo literatura impresa en libros y revistas, así como búsqueda de artículos publicados en internet, desde 1963 hasta 2013, en español e ingles se tomó en consideración el periodo de embarazó en la adolescencia. Resultados: Se encontraron 40 publicaciones sobre enfermedad periodontal y embarazo, de los cuales solo 4 se referian a adolescentes, los autores coinciden en que se requiere una mayor atención interdisciplinaria, que incluya al Odontólogo, no solo por la salud bucal de la madre gestante sino para asegurarle mejores condiciones de desarrollo del proceso gestacional y el hijo que está en formación, así como existe controversia sobre la influencia del embarazo sobre la enfermedad periodontal. Conclusión: Es bien sabido que los cambios hormonales durante, la adolescencia, el embarazo, producen alteraciones sobre el periodonto, que se verían agravados por condiciones desfavorables de higiene oral. El odontopediatra como profesional de la salud que atiende a los adolescentes, debe cuidar la cavidad bucal de la adolescente y su hijo en formación, lo más importante es educar y prevenir a la paciente y su representante, sobre los estados fisiológicos de la mujer puede tener efectos sistémicos y locales que abarcan la cavidad bucal.

  19. Valor del estudio celular del esputo en el seguimiento de las enfermedades inflamatorias de la vía aérea

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    Juan Antonio Mazzei

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available El análisis celular del esputo, espontáneo u obtenido mediante la técnica de esputo inducido, se ha transformado en una herramienta ampliamente difundida para la evaluación y orientación del tratamiento de las enfermedades inflamatorias de la vía aérea, principalmente asma, enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica y bronquitis eosinofílica. Se han aportado evidencias sobre la utilidad de la técnica del esputo inducido, validada y estandarizada, para ser empleada en pacientes con dificultades para expectorar. Numerosas investigaciones dieron cuenta de la efectividad de basar las decisiones terapéuticas en el componente inflamatorio de la vía aérea mediante el recuento de células en el esputo. Varios estudios mostraron que, en pacientes con asma el análisis celular de esputo guía en la determinación de estrategias para disminuir las exacerbaciones y para mejorar la función pulmonar, aun en pacientes con asma grave, para disminuir el remodelamiento; también se ha descrito su utilidad en pacientes con EPOC, para la disminución de las exacerbaciones.

  20. Enfermedad periodontal y embarazo. Revisión de la literatura

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    B. María De Los Ángeles Herane, DRA.

    2014-11-01

    Full Text Available La gingivitis del embarazo es una enfermedad inflamatoria producida por bacterias con una alta prevalencia, que va del 35 al 100%, según estudios. La severidad de la gingivitis aumentó gradualmente y alcanzó su peak en el tercer trimestre, seguido por una súbita disminución de la severidad en postparto, el cual se correlacionó con un aumento gradual en el nivel plasmático de progesterona y niveles de estrógenos que alcanzan su peak en el tercer trimestre y que sufren una repentina caída después del postparto. La asociación entre gingivitis y aumento de los esteroides sexuales sistémicos ha sido extensamente reportada y los mecanismos biológicos detrás de este florido estado inflamatorio han sido estudiados por décadas. Este artículo muestra el rol de las hormonas sexuales femeninas en la gravedad de la gingivitis aunque la higiene bucal sea buena constantemente.

  1. Influencia del consumo de cannabis en la enfermedad periodontal: una Scoping Review

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    Matias Mederos

    Full Text Available Resumen: Recientes publicaciones plantean la posible asociación del cannabis (Cannabis sativa con el desarrollo de la periodontitis. Objetivo: Analizar la influencia del consumo de cannabis en la enfermedad periodontal, relevando la evidencia disponible e identificando las variables asociadas en los estudios . Material y método: se realizó una Scoping Review a partir de una búsqueda estructurada en PubMed/ MEDLINE, Science Direct, LILACS, SciELO hasta mayo de 2017 . Resultados: Estudios “In vivo” mostraron una mayor pérdida ósea en animales expuestos a Cannabis. Los casos clínicos muestran que el uso crónico de cannabis puede resultar en agrandamientos gingivales y periodontitis crónica severa localizada. Los estudios epidemiológicos demuestran una asociación estadística entre Cannabis y periodontitis. Conclusiones: El consumo del Cannabis parece estar asociado con una mayor presencia de periodontitis. Sin embargo, se desconoce el mecanismo específico por el cual actúa en los tejidos gingivales.

  2. Mediadores bioquímicos involucrados en la fisiopatología y diagnóstico de la enfermedad periodontal

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    Facundo Ledesma

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available En el desarrollo de la enfermedad periodontal  (EP  intervienen enzimas derivadas tanto del huésped como de los microorganismos presentes en la placa dental.  La presente revisión abordó el papel que cumplen diversos mediadores de la EP y sus utilidades clínicas. La fosfatasa alcalina, la β-glucuronidasa, la catepsina B, las MMP-8 y MMP-9, la elastasa y las Dipeptidil peptidasas II y IV, son útiles en el monitoreo y la planificación del tratamiento. La catepsina B, la MMP-8, la elastasa, las dipeptidil peptidasas II y IV, son utilizadas para diferenciar la gingivitis y la periodontitis. Las exotoxinas bacterianas del Aggregatibacter  actinomycetemcomitans, indican la severidad de la enfermedad periodontal agresiva y ayudan al pronóstico del caso.

  3. Mediadores bioquímicos involucrados en la fisiopatología y diagnóstico de la enfermedad periodontal

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    Facundo Ledesma

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available En el desarrollo de la enfermedad periodontal  (EP  intervienen enzimas derivadas tanto del huésped como de los microorganismos presentes en la placa dental.  La presente revisión abordó el papel que cumplen diversos mediadores de la EP y sus utilidades clínicas. La fosfatasa alcalina, la β-glucuronidasa, la catepsina B, las MMP-8 y MMP-9, la elastasa y las Dipeptidil peptidasas II y IV, son útiles en el monitoreo y la planificación del tratamiento. La catepsina B, la MMP-8, la elastasa, las dipeptidil peptidasas II y IV, son utilizadas para diferenciar la gingivitis y la periodontitis. Las exotoxinas bacterianas del Aggregatibacter  actinomycetemcomitans, indican la severidad de la enfermedad periodontal agresiva y ayudan al pronóstico del caso.

  4. Estudio de la dinámica ósea mandibular y de los procesos reabsortivos de la cresta alveolar en ratas diabéticas y controles.

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    García, María

    2008-01-01

    Recibido: Jul. 2008 | Aceptado: Sep. 2008 La enfermedad periodontal es una respuesta inflamatoria del tejido periodontal a las bacterias contenidas en la placa bacteriana con destrucción de fibras colágenas, migración apical del epitelio de unión y pérdida del hueso alveolar. El daño producido puede conducir a la pérdida dental. Con el fin de evaluar el crecimiento mandibular y describir el desarrollo de la enfermedad periodontal “espontánea” de la rata se utilizaron animales con...

  5. Conocimientos de los médicos sobre enfermedad periodontal y su relación con complicaciones en el embarazo

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    Martha Juliana Rodríguez

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available Introducción: Estudios recientes han vinculado a las enfermedades bucales con condiciones sistémicas. Específicamente, la enfermedad periodontal se ha relacionado con parto pretérmino, bajo peso al nacer y preclampsia. Objetivo: Evaluar los conocimientos y las prácticas de los médicos generales y ginecobstetras sobre la enfermedad periodontal y su relación con complicaciones del embarazo. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal en una muestra de 139 médicos generales y 24 ginecobstetras. Se aplicó un cuestionario de autoreporte, se calcularon frecuencias y proporciones para las variables cualitativas, promedios y desviaciones estándar para las cuantitativas. Para establecer las diferencias entre los grupos se realizó la prueba de Chi cuadrado, el test exacto de Fisher, la prueba t de Student y la U. de Mann Whitney según la naturaleza y distribución de las variables. Resultados: El 66,9% (93 de los médicos generales y el 75,0% (18 de los ginecobstetras consideraron que la enfermedad periodontal podría ser un factor de riesgo para la salud de la madre y su hijo. Así mismo, el 30,7% (42 de los médicos generales y el 45,8% (11 de los ginecobstetras relacionaron a la enfermedad periodontal con el parto pretérmino, bajo peso al nacer y preclampsia. A pesar de estos hallazgos, sólo el 77,4% (106 de los médicos y el 54,2% (13 de los ginecobstetras "siempre" remitían a la gestante a consulta odontológica. Conclusión: Aunque los participantes tenían conocimientos sobre los tópicos evaluados, hace falta una mayor aplicación de los mismos para asegurar el bienestar del binomio madre e hijo.

  6. Conocimientos sobre salud bucal y demanda de servicios estomatológicos en relación con la enfermedad periodontal en embarazadas Knowledge on oral health and demand of dental services in relation to the periodontal disease in pregnant women

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    Caridad Almarales Sierra

    2008-06-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: evaluar el nivel de conocimientos sobre salud bucal y su relación con la prevalencia y gravedad de la enfermedad periodontal, así como la demanda de servicios estomatológicos por parte de las embarazadas, determinar la prevalencia y gravedad de la enfermedad periodontal en las embarazadas, evaluar la relación entre el nivel de conocimientos y la prevalencia de la enfermedad periodontal, asimismo la relación entre la demanda de servicios estomatológicos y la prevalencia y gravedad de la enfermedad periodontal. MÉTODOS: se aplicó una encuesta a 71 gestantes de los policlínicos Moncada, Plaza y Rampa que fueron captadas en el período de septiembre a diciembre del 2006. Para determinar la afectación periodontal de las mismas se aplicó el índice periodontal de Russell ®. RESULTADOS: mostraron un predominio de las embarazadas con nivel de conocimiento insatisfactorio (59,1%. La prevalencia de la enfermedad periodontal en el grupo estudiado fue alta (87,3 %, no así la gravedad. Se encontró relación estadísticamente significativa entre el nivel de conocimientos sobre salud bucal y la prevalencia de la enfermedad (p=0,01586, no siendo así con la gravedad. CONCLUSIONES: La demanda de atención estomatológica por parte de las embarazadas fue baja (sólo solicitaron atención el 36,6 % y no estuvo relacionada con la prevalencia y gravedad de la enfermedad periodontal, ni con el nivel de conocimientos sobre salud bucalOBJECTIVES: to assess the level of knowledge on oral health and its connection with the prevalence and severity of the periodontal disease, as well as the demand of dental services on the part of the pregnant women, to determine the prevalence and severity of the periodontal disease in pregnant women, to evaluate the relationship between the level of knowledge and the prevalence of the periodontal disease, and between the demand of dental services and the prevalence and severity of the periodontal disease. METHODS

  7. Estudio de la enfermedad periodontal y la higiene bucal en dientes en desoclusión Study of periodontal disease and oral higiene in dysocclusion

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    Jorge Sotres Vázquez

    2005-12-01

    Full Text Available Se realizó una investigación en 50 pacientes que acudieron al Servicio de Periodoncia de la Clínica Estomatológica “Hermanos Gómez”. Se realizó un examen clínico para evaluar la presencia de contactos oclusales en los dientes presentes. El grado de higiene bucal se midió mediante el índice de higiene bucal de Greene y Vermillion , y la prevalencia y la gravedad de la enfermedad periodontal mediante el índice periodontal de Russell . En los casos en que los dientes no ocluían se señaló la causa . La desoclusión dental mostró una alta incidencia, con el 27,82 % de los dientes sin contactos oclusales ; la causa más frecuente fue la ausencia de dientes antagónicos (78,1 % . En los casos de desoclusión se empeoró la higiene bucal. Tanto la prevalencia como la gravedad de la enfermedad periodontal aumentaron en los dientes que no ocluían.A research was undertaken among 50 patients that received attention at the Periodontics Service of “Hermanos Gómez” Dental Clinic. A clinical examination was made to evaluate the presence of occlusal contacts in the present teeth. The oral higiene degree was measured by Greene and Vermillion's oral higiene index, whereas the the prevalence and severity of the periodontal disease was measured by using Russell's periodontal index. In those cases in which the teeth did not occlude, the cause was mentioned. Dysocclusion showed a high incidence with 27.82 % of the tooth without occlusal contacts. The most frequent cause was the absence of antagonic tooth (78.1 %. Oral higiene was worse in the cases presenting dysocclusion. Both, the prevalence and the severity of the periodontal disease increased in the tooth that did not occlude.

  8. Eficacia del tratamiento de la enfermedad periodontal sobre marcadores de riesgo cardiovascular

    OpenAIRE

    COLONIA GARCÍA, ADRIANA; DUQUE DUQUE, ANDRÉS

    2011-01-01

    Los principales factores de riesgo relacionados con eventos cardiovasculares son: edad, género, hipertensión arterial, diabetes mellitus, tabaquismo, bajo nivel de lipoproteínas de alta densidad, genética, estrés, obesidad y sedentarismo; pero existen factores de riesgo no identificados aún para explicar el modelo cardiovascular. La enfermedad periodontal ha emergido en las últimas décadas como un posible factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de eventos cardiovasculares. Una revisión sistemátic...

  9. Patologías peridontales en una muestra esqueletal documentada

    OpenAIRE

    Garizoain, Gonzalo; Plischuk, Marcos; Desántolo, Bárbara; García Mancuso, Rocío; Salceda, Susana Alicia; Inda, Ana María

    2010-01-01

    La enfermedad periodontal es actualmente caracterizada como multifactorial, resultante de la interacción de bacterias periodontopatógenas con los mecanismos de respuesta inmune del huésped. Esta reacción inflamatoria afecta a los tejidos periodontales, entre ellos al hueso alveolar.

  10. Miopatía inflamatoria con compromiso inicial de músculos respiratorios y artritis reumatoidea

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    Martín Hunter

    2014-10-01

    Full Text Available Las miopatías inflamatorias constituyen un grupo heterogéneo de enfermedades musculares adquiridas de presentación subaguda, crónica y a veces aguda. Las entidades clínicas más frecuentes son la dermatomiositis, la polimiositis, la miositis necrotizante autoinmune y la miositis por cuerpos de inclusión. Suelen presentarse con debilidad muscular con predominio proximal y simétrica, pero rara vez comprometen los músculos respiratorios. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 39 años con miopatía inflamatoria inespecífica que presentó insuficiencia respiratoria secundaria a hipoventilación alveolar por debilidad muscular y requirió asistencia respiratoria mecánica. Respondió favorablemente y de forma rápida tras el tratamiento instaurado con inmunosupresores (corticoides y metotrexato e inmunoglobulina humana endovenosa. Se utilizó ventilación no invasiva como alternativa a la intubación orotraqueal con adecuada tolerancia.

  11. Factores de riesgo asociados con la enfermedad periodontal en niños

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    Joany Duque de Estrada Riverón

    2003-04-01

    Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio analítico del tipo casos y controles en el municipio de Colón, provincia de Matanzas, durante los cursos académicos 2000-2002, con el objetivo de caracterizar los principales factores de riesgo asociados con la enfermedad periodontal. Se investigó una población de 2 995 niños de 9, 12 y 15 años, de los cuales se tomó una muestra aleatoria aproximadamente del 50 % (P=0,50, los que se dividieron en 60 casos y 60 controles. Se consideraron como casos los niños portadores de la enfermedad y como controles los niños sanos. Se determinó que la higiene bucal fue nula en el 100 %, la infección microbiana se presentó en un alto porcentaje (46,70 %, la respiración bucal afectó al 28,30 % de los pacientes, las enfermedades sistémicas se observaron en el 35,00 %, el apiñamiento dentario en el 26,70 y las obturaciones defectuosas el 66,70 % de los casos.In order to characterize the main risk factors associated with the periodontal disease, an analytical case control study was carried out in the municipality of Colón, province of Matanzas, during the academic courses 2000-2002, in a population of 2 995 children aged 9, 12 and 15. A randomized sample of approximately 50 % (P=0.50 was taken. They were divided into 60 cases and 60 controls. Those children carriers of the disease were considered as cases, and the sound as controls. It was determined that oral hygiene was nil in 100 %. Microbial infection was observed in a high percentage (46.70 %. Respiration by the mouth affected 28.30 % of the cases. The systemic diseases were found in 35 %, tooth- crowding in 26.70 and defecient

  12. Metabolismo de los hidratos de carbono en los enterocitos de sujetos con enfermedad de Crohn y colitis ulcerosa.

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    Estada Gimeno, Úrsula

    2007-01-01

    RESUMEN Introducción: Los pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria crónica intestinal (EII), enfermedad de Crohn y colitis ulcerosa presentan lesiones en el epitelio intestinal de carácter inflamatorio. Estas lesiones afectan al intestino grueso en la colitis ulcerosa y a cualquier parte del tracto digestivo en la enfermedad de Crohn. En este tipo de enfermos se ha visto que existe una menor absorción de nutrientes, sobre todo en la enfermedad de Crohn, entre ellos la lactosa (el azúcar de la...

  13. Respuesta inmune en las enfermedades del periodonto : desde salud hasta enfermedad y sus implicaciones terapéuticas

    OpenAIRE

    Botero Torres, Javier Enrique

    2009-01-01

    Los cambios estructurales en las enfermedades periodontales, considerando desde gingivitis hasta periodontitis, son el resultado de un evento inflamatorio, que es iniciado y perpetuado por bacterias por largos períodos de tiempo. Una serie de eventos celulares y moleculares ocurren en diferentes grados de complejidad tan pronto las bacterias comienzan a acumularse alrededor de los dientes. No obstante, aunque las bacterias son necesarias para iniciar la enfermedad periodontal, es la respuesta...

  14. Uso de modelos epidemiológicos para estimar la incidencia de caries dental y enfermedad periodontal en embarazadas chilenas

    OpenAIRE

    Corsini Muñoz,G; Zaror Sánchez,C; Vallejos Vallejos,C

    2012-01-01

    Objetivo: Determinar la incidencia de caries y enfermedad periodontal en embarazadas chilenas mediante un modelo de incidencia, prevalencia y mortalidad (IPM). Material y Método: Se construyó un modelo IPM con la prevalencia estimada en la Encuesta Nacional de Salud del año 2003 y los datos del Estudio de Carga de Enfermedad en Chile en el año 2007. Para efectos de estimar la población de mujeres embarazadas, se utilizó como variable de aproximación, los partos por edad de las mujeres según l...

  15. Enfermedades del tejido conectivo: Importancia del diagnóstico precoz

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    G. Patricia Abumohor, Dra.

    2012-07-01

    Full Text Available Las Enfermedades del Tejido Conectivo (ETC son entidades de baja prevalencia en la población general. Son de naturaleza inflamatoria y autoinmune, tienden a la cronicidad y al compromiso de muchos parénquimas, órganos y tejidos, dejando en ellos daño estructural y funcional. Dado lo anterior, amenazan la vida o disminuyen la expectativa y calidad de vida. El diagnóstico y tratamiento precoz de estas entidades, permite cambiar su curso y muchas veces lograr remisión. Es por lo tanto de suma importancia tenerlas en mente y sospecharlas como entidades de enfermedad e iniciar un tratamiento oportuno.

  16. El neutrófilo y su importancia en la enfermedad periodontal The neutrophil and the relationship with the periodontal disease

    OpenAIRE

    G. Barbieri Petrelli; J. Flores Guillén; F. Vignoletti

    2005-01-01

    El presente artículo es una revisión bibliográfica del papel que cumple el neutrófilo dentro del sistema inmunológico y de la relación que existe entre esta célula y la enfermedad periodontal. Las defensas del organismo están representadas por el sistema inmunológico, encargado de evitar el ingreso de cualquier agente extraño o de destruirle en caso de haber traspasado previamente las barreras biológicas. El neutrófilo es una de las células más importantes de este sistema, siendo la primera d...

  17. Asociación entre enfermedad periodontal y disfunción endotelial valorada por vasodilatación mediada por flujo en la arteria braquial: Estudio piloto Association between periodontal disease and endothelial dysfunction assessed by flow-mediated dilation in the brachial artery: Pilot study

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    Álvaro J Ruiz

    2013-02-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: evaluar la disfunción endotelial a través de la vasodilatación mediada por flujo (VMF en la arteria braquial en pacientes fumadores con periodontitis crónica avanzada y compararla con pacientes fumadores sin enfermedad periodontal, para determinar si hay diferencias en cuando a disfunción endotelial entre quienes presentan o no periodontitis crónica avanzada. Métodos: se incluyeron 30 pacientes con hábito de tabaquismo, 15 con periodontitis crónica avanzada y 15 sin periodontitis. Se realizó historia clínica completa, exámenes de laboratorio y prueba de vasodilatación mediada por flujo de la arteria braquial. Resultados: el estudio mostró que había diferencias significativas en los diámetros finales, resultantes de vasodilatación mediada por flujo (p=0,0328, con menores valores finales para quienes tenían enfermedad periodontal. Las diferencias en las respuestas porcentuales y en el número de personas con disfunción determinada dicotómicamente, no alcanzaron significación estadística. Conclusión: se observó que el grupo de pacientes con periodontitis crónica avanzada tuvo diámetros resultantes luego de la prueba que fueron significativamente menores que los del grupo de controles. Aunque al evaluar las diferencias en porcentajes no se alcanzó significación estadística, el estudio mostró una respuesta claramente menor en vasodilatación en el grupo con enfermedad periodontal.Objective: To evaluate endothelial dysfunction through flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD in the brachial artery in smokers with advanced chronic periodontitis and compare it with smokers without periodontal disease, to determine whether there are differences in endothelial dysfunction among those with or without advanced chronic periodontitis. Methods: We included 30 patients with smoking habit, 15 with advanced chronic periodontitis and 15 without periodontal disease. We performed a complete medical history, laboratory tests and flow

  18. Relationship between socio-demographic and clinical variables, and health-related quality of life in patients with inflammatory bowel disease Relación entre variables sociodemográficas y clínicas y calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal

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    B. López Blanco

    2005-12-01

    Full Text Available Objective: the principal aim of the present study is to evaluate the influence of socio-demographic and clinical variables on health-related quality of life (HRQL in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Patients and method: this was a cross-sectional study. health-related quality of life was measured with the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ. A total of 120 patients, 60 with ulcerative colitis and 60 with Crohn's disease, participated in the study. Results: no significant differences were observed between ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease patients in IBDQ dimensions. However, a multivariate analysis revealed that sex, type of treatment, extraintestinal symptoms, number of relapses in previous year, satisfaction with surgery, and need for psychological support were related to HRQL. Conclusions: the identification of these variables associated with HRQL in patients with inflammatory bowel disease shows them to be basically non-disease factors. Knowledge of such elements can turn out to be very useful in order to guide future research and modify specific factors in further interventions.Objetivo: el objetivo principal del presente trabajo consiste en evaluar la influencia de las variables sociodemográficas y clínicas en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de los pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal. Pacientes y método: se trata de un estudio transversal. La calidad de vida relacionada con la salud se investigó utilizando el "Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire" (IBDQ. Un total de 120 pacientes, 60 con colitis ulcerosa y 60 con enfermedad de Crohn participaron en el estudio. Resultados: no se apreciaron diferencias significativas en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en las dimensiones del IBDQ en función de la enfermedad, sin embargo, tras el análisis multivariante, el sexo, el tipo de tratamiento, las manifestaciones extradigestivas, el número de recaídas anual, la satisfacción con

  19. Influencia de la terapia periodontal no quirúrgica en nivel de pH salival y líquido crevicular gingival en pacientes con enfermedad periodontal atendidos en la Clínica Especializada de la FO-USMP

    OpenAIRE

    Villaverde Moscol, Lizeth Rosario

    2016-01-01

    Determina la influencia de la terapia periodontal no quirúrgica en el nivel de pH salival y el pH líquido crevicular gingival en los pacientes con enfermedad periodontal atendidos en la Clínica Especializada de FO-USMP. La muestra fue conformada por 64 pacientes. Se utilizó tiras reactivas para la recolección del pH salival y pH del líquido crevicular gingival antes y después (07 días) de realizado el terapia periodontal no quirúgica en los pacientes diagnosticados con dos de los tipos de enf...

  20. Salud bucal y xilitol: usos y posibilidades en caries y enfermedad periodontal en poblaciones "PEPE"

    OpenAIRE

    Panesso Suescún, Ernesto A; Calle Arroyave, María Clara; Meneses Gómez, Edwin J

    2012-01-01

    La caries dental y la enfermedad periodontal constituyen un problema constante que demanda muchos recursos pero que sigue atacando día a día a la población, razón por la cual se deben explorar nuevas posibilidades de prevención y tratamiento complementarias a las ya existentes. El xilitol es un alcohol de 5 carbonos derivado de la D-xilosa cuyo mecanismo de acción es inhibir el crecimiento bacteriano, principalmente de Streptococcus mutans en la saliva y la biopelícula además de mejorar el fl...

  1. Enfermedades pulmonares intersticiales en el niño

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    Roberto Razón Behar

    Full Text Available Las enfermedades pulmonares intersticiales en el niño, comprenden un gran y heterogéneo grupo de raras enfermedades difusas pulmonares de morbilidad variada. Se caracterizan por cambios inflamatorios y fibróticos que causan remodelación de las paredes alveolares y de las vías respiratorias distales, y ocasionan un defecto restrictivo funcional y una alteración en el intercambio gaseoso, con hipoxemia progresiva. Son muchas las enfermedades que pueden afectar al intersticio pulmonar y múltiples las formas etiológicas causadas por una variedad de procesos patológicos, que incluyen, factores genéticos, asociación a enfermedades sistémicas, así como a respuestas inflamatorias o fibróticas a diferentes estímulos. Sin embargo, algunas veces su origen es desconocido, y se catalogan entonces como idiopáticas. Los neumólogos pediátricos han tratado de clasificar los casos de las enfermedades pulmonares intersticiales en las diferentes categorías descritas originalmente en adultos, pero, en realidad, existen formas del adulto que no se observan en la infancia, y formas únicas de presentación pediátrica. Se señala la importancia del conocimiento de estas entidades, particularmente las de origen desconocido o idiopáticas.

  2. Papel de la ventilación mecánica durante la circulación extracorporea sobre los mediadores de la respuesta inflamatoria

    OpenAIRE

    López Gomez, Amparo

    2015-01-01

    RESUMEN TESIS: PAPEL DE LA VENTILACIÓN MECÁNICA DURANTE LA CIRCULACIÓN EXTRACORPÓREA SOBRE LOS MEDIADORES DE LA RESPUESTA INFLAMATORIA. La Cardiopatía Isquémica (CI) representa la mayor causa de mortalidad en países desarrollados. En España, supone el mayor número de muertes cardiovasculares, siendo el infarto agudo de miocardio (IMA) la enfermedad isquémica más frecuente. Datos recientes sugieren que se ha producido un aumento de la prevalencia de pacientes con CI . La revasculariza...

  3. Biologic therapies for chronic inflammatory bowel disease Tratamientos biológicos en la enfermedad inflamatoria crónica intestinal

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    M. P. Martínez-Montiel

    2006-04-01

    Full Text Available Crohn's disease (CD and ulcerative colitis (UC make up the so-called chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD. Advances in the understanding of IBD pathophysiologic mechanisms in the last few years have allowed the development of novel therapies such as biologic therapies, which at least theoretically represent a more specific management of this disease with fewer side effects. Currently, the only effective and widely accepted biologic therapy for the treatment of intraluminal, fistulizing CD, both for remission induction and maintenance, is infliximab. The role of other monoclonal antibodies such as adalimumab is not clearly established. It could be deemed an alternative for patients with allergic reactions to infliximab, and for those with lost response because of anti-infliximab antibody development. However, relevant issues such as dosage and administration regimen remain to be established. Anti-integrin α4 therapies, despite encouraging results in phase-3 studies, are still unavailable, as their marketing authorization was held back in view of a number of reports regarding progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy cases. Immunostimulating therapy may be highly relevant in the near future, as it represents a novel strategy against disease with the inclusion of granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factors. Regarding ulcerative colitis, results from the ACT-1 and ACT-2 studies showed that infliximab is also useful for the management of serious UC flare-ups not responding to standard treatment, which will lead to a revision of therapeutic algorithms, where this drug should be given preference before intravenous cyclosporine. In the next few years, the role of anti-CD3 drugs (vilisilizumab, T-cell inhibiting therapies, and epithelial repair and healing stimulating factors will be established.La enfermedad de Crohn (EC y la colitis ulcerosa (CU constituyen la denominada enfermedad inflamatoria crónica intestinal (EII. Los avances producidos

  4. Enfermedades del tejido conectivo: Importancia del diagnóstico precoz

    OpenAIRE

    G. Patricia Abumohor, Dra.

    2012-01-01

    Las Enfermedades del Tejido Conectivo (ETC) son entidades de baja prevalencia en la población general. Son de naturaleza inflamatoria y autoinmune, tienden a la cronicidad y al compromiso de muchos parénquimas, órganos y tejidos, dejando en ellos daño estructural y funcional. Dado lo anterior, amenazan la vida o disminuyen la expectativa y calidad de vida. El diagnóstico y tratamiento precoz de estas entidades, permite cambiar su curso y muchas veces lograr remisión. Es por lo tanto de suma i...

  5. Evaluación del efecto de la ozonoterapia sobre la diversidad y número de bacterias presentes en la cavidad oral de perros con enfermedad periodontal

    OpenAIRE

    Patiño Godoy, Norma del Consuelo

    2017-01-01

    La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar la eficacia de la ozonoterapia como tratamiento para el control de las bacterias de la cavidad oral en la enfermedad periodontal en los perros que llegaron a consulta a la veterinaria Orovet del cantón Huaquillas. Para el cumplimiento del objetivo se diseñó una investigación de tipo experimental. Se trabajó con una muestra de 30 perros que llegaron a la veterinaria Orovet de la ciudad de Huaquillas, quienes presentaron signos de enfermedad ...

  6. Aspectos psicopatológicos en la enfermedad de Crohn y en la colitis ulcerosa

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    Sergio Tobón

    2010-07-01

    Full Text Available Las enfermedades inflamatorias del intestino (EII son trastornos crónicos que inflaman y destruyen el tejido intestinal de forma periódica y recurrente. Las EII se clasifican en dos tipos: enfermedad de Crohn (EC y colitis ulcerosa (CU. La etiología tanto de la EC como de la CU es poco conocida y el curso está influido por múltiples factores de tipo biopsicosocial. Al respecto, diversas investigaciones están aportando evidencia de la implicación de factores psicológicos en el curso de las EII, tales como el estrés psicosocial, las estrategias de afrontamiento, las características de personalidad, los síntomas psicopatológicos y el apoyo social.

  7. FACTOR NUCLEAR kB (NF-kB: SIGNALOSOMA Y SU IMPORTANCIA EN ENFERMEDADES INFLAMATORIAS Y CÁNCER

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    Nancy P. Echeverry R.L

    2008-04-01

    Full Text Available El factor nuclear kB (NF-kB es un dímero constituido por proteínas de la familia Rel. El NF-kB se encuentra en el citoplasma unido a proteínas inhibidoras (IkB. Las IkB son fosforiladas por diferentes cinasas que hacen parte del signalosoma como las cinasas de IKKa e IKKb y el modulador esencial de NF-kB (NEMO, la proteína cinasa activadora de mitosis (MAPK o p38 y la cinasa inductora de NF-kB (NIK. Estas cinasas al ser activadas por señales dependientes de citocinas y luz ultravioleta, fosforilan las IkB provocando su ubiquitinación, su degradación por proteosoma y la subsecuente liberación y translocación al núcleo de NF-kB. Recientemente se le ha dado una gran importancia al NF-kB en la vía de señalización desencadenada por estrés oxidativo, estrés genotóxico y daño en el DNA. A diferencia de la vía denominada clásica, en esta ruta ocurre una SUMOilación de NEMO y translocación al núcleo. En el núcleo NEMO interactúa con la proteína de la ataxia telangiectasia mutada (ATM activada en respuesta a modificaciones en la cromatina y daño en el DNA. El complejo ATM/NEMO es translocado al citoplasma donde la ATM fosforila a las IKK llevando a la ubiquitinación y posterior liberación de NF-kB que es translocado al núcleo. NF-kB desencadena procesos de supervivencia incluyendo el aumento de la transcripción de enzimas antioxidantes como la superóxido dismutasa, catalasa y glutatión. Estas enzimas participan en el control de los niveles de especies reactivas de oxígeno en la célula. La sobreactivación de NF-kB se relaciona con inflamación y cáncer. En la actualidad se desarrolla una búsqueda de fármacos que actúen sobre moléculas del signalosoma de NF-kB, no sólo para el manejo de enfermedades inflamatorias sino también para el uso durante el tratamiento de tumores resistentes a radio y quimioterapia.

  8. Patógenos periodontales y sus relaciones con enfermedades sistémicas Periodontal pathogens and their relationships with systemic diseases

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    Maritza Peña Sisto

    2012-07-01

    Full Text Available Las enfermedades periodontales son infecciones caracterizadas por la presencia de más de 200 especies bacterianas que, por infestación metastásica, pueden llegar a diferentes órganos anatómicos y ocasionar cambios patológicos. En este artículo se describen los datos más importantes sobre el descubrimiento de los diversos patógenos periodontales en diferentes sistemas del organismo humano, sus aspectos epidemiológicos, mecanismos de acción, así como su relación con la patogenia de las diferentes enfermedades. También se hace mención especial de la presencia de estos gérmenes como iniciadores y perpetuadores de procesos sépticos en los sistemas cardiovascular, respiratorio, gastrointestinal, renal, nervioso, oftálmico y en el embarazo.Periodontal diseases are infections characterized by the presence of more than 200 bacterial species that, through metastasic infection, can reach different anatomical organs and can cause pathological changes. In this work the most important data are described on the discovery of the diverse periodontal pathogens in different systems of the human organism, their epidemiological aspects, action mechanisms, as well as their relationship with the pathogenesis of different diseases. Special mention is also made on the presence of these germs as begginners and perpetuators of septic events in the cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, renal, nervous, ophthalmic systems and in pregnancy.

  9. Relación entre enfermedad periodontal y parto prematuro. Bajo peso al nacimiento: una revisión de la literatura

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    Flores, J.; Oteo, A.; Mateos, L.; Bascones, A.

    2004-01-01

    A pesar de los esfuerzos realizados en el control del embarazo y el parto, la frecuencia de los partos prematuros no ha disminuido en las dos últimas décadas. El parto prematuro supone una seria amenaza para la salud del recién nacido, y representa además un porcentaje muy importante de los costes destinados a la atención sanitaria perinatal. La investigación científica ha revelado diversos mecanismos por los que infecciones remotas como la enfermedad periodontal pueden participar en la patog...

  10. Importancia de algunos medios auxiliares de diagnóstico en la enfermedad inflamatoria pélvica aguda Importance of some diagnostic aids in the acute pelvic inflammatory disease

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    Pastor Villavicencio Crespo

    2008-03-01

    Full Text Available INTRODUCCIÓN. Hoy día la enfermedad inflamatoria pélvica aguda se considera un síndrome clínicamente atribuido al paso ascendente de microorganismos desde la vagina al cérvix, hasta el endometrio y las trompas de Falopio, y que es capaz de diseminarse a las estructuras vecinas. Fueron objetivos de esta publicación conocer el comportamiento de la enfermedad, la eficiencia de algunos medios y procedimientos diagnósticos y el comportamiento de las pruebas hematológicas e identificar los gérmenes más frecuentes para definir la conducta posterior. MÉTODOS. El universo estuvo conformado por 108 mujeres atendidas en el Hospital «Julio Trigo López» a causa de una enfermedad inflamatoria pélvica aguda. Se seleccionó la muestra aleatoriamente y se registraron en una encuesta variables como datos generales y de salud y de la historia ginecoobstétrica. Para el diagnóstico clínico se realizó tacto vaginal, con anestesia o sin ella, punción del saco de Douglas, ultrasonido, laparoscopia, hemograma, leucograma y eritrosedimentación. En todos los casos se utilizó la laparoscopia como prueba comprobatoria. RESULTADOS. La mayoría de las pacientes tenían edades entre los 20 y 25 años. El dolor abdominal (98,1 % y la leucorrea (30,6 % predominaron como sintomatología clínica. Se encontró una alta incidencia de esta enfermedad en mujeres en edad reproductiva, con dos o más embarazos y abortos y el antecedente de dispositivo intrauterino implantado. Además, hubo concordancia diagnóstica entre los resultados aportados por el tacto vaginal y el ultrasonido, al compararlos con la laparoscopia. La prueba menos específica fue el tacto vaginal (20,5 % y los valores predictivos de la prueba positiva más baja también lo aportó el mismo proceder (64,6 %, así como la eritrosedimentación (70 %. Por tanto, después de la laparoscopia, el medio más efectivo fue el ultrasonido (87,5 %. CONCLUSIONES. Se concluyó que la prueba más eficiente

  11. Patologías periodontales en una muestra esqueletal documentada

    OpenAIRE

    Garizoain, Gonzalo; Plischuk, Marcos; Desántolo, Bárbara; García Mancuso, Rocío; Salceda, Susana Alicia; Inda, Ana María

    2013-01-01

    La enfermedad periodontal es actualmente caracterizada como multifactorial, resultante de la interacción de bacterias periodontopatógenas con los mecanismos de respuesta inmune del huésped. Esta reacción inflamatoria afecta a los tejidos periodontales, entre ellos al hueso alveolar. Vista la alta frecuencia de dicha patología en la actualidad nuestro objetivo es detectar su presencia en una serie esqueletal contemporánea. La muestra observada consta de 35 cráneos pertenecientes a la Colección...

  12. Doença periodontal em portadoras de valvopatia durante a gravidez: estudo clínico e microbiológico Enfermedad periodontal en portadoras de valvopatía durante la gravidez: estudio clínico y microbiológico Periodontal disease in pregnant patients with rheumatic valvular disease: clinical and microbiological study

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Walkiria Samuel Ávila

    2011-04-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: A doença periodontal representa risco à gestante portadora de valvopatia reumática, seja para contrair endocardite infecciosa, seja por propiciar complicações obstétricas. OBJETIVO: Estudar a frequência da doença periodontal em portadoras de valvopatia reumática durante a gravidez. MÉTODOS: Foram estudadas 140 gestantes, comparáveis quanto a idade e o nível socioeconômico, divididas em: 70 portadoras de doença valvar reumática e 70 mulheres saudáveis. Todas se submeteram a: 1 avaliação clínica odontológica que incluiu a análise dos seguintes parâmetros: 1.1 profundidade à sondagem, 1.2 distância da linha esmalte-cemento à margem gengival, 1.3 nível clínico de inserção, 1.4 índice de sangramento, 1.5 índice de placa bacteriana, e, 1.6 comprometimento de furca; e, 2 exame microbiológico nas amostras de saliva e do cone que considerou o controle positivo para as cepas das bactérias Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsithia e Aggregobacter actinomycetemcomitans. RESULTADOS: A lesão valvar mitral foi prevalente (65 casos = 92,8% dentre as gestantes cardiopatas. A comparação entre os grupos mostrou não haver diferenças entre idade e a paridade, e embora tenham sido verificadas diferenças entre as medidas da distância da linha esmalte-cemento à margem gengival (p = 0,01 e o índice de placa (p=0,04, a frequência da doença periodontal identificada em 20 (14,3% gestantes, não foi diferente entre os grupos (p = 0,147. O exame microbiológico mostrou uma proporção maior da bactéria P. gingivalis na saliva de gestantes saudáveis (p = 0,004. CONCLUSÃO: O estudo clínico e microbiológico periodontal durante a gravidez demonstrou igual frequência da doença periodontal em portadoras de valvopatia reumática quando comparada às mulheres saudáveis.FUNDAMENTO: La enfermedad periodontal, caracterizada por el estado inflamatorio e infeccioso permanente de la cavidad oral, representa riesgo a la

  13. Salud periodontal en personas viviendo con VIH/sida. Pinar del Río, 2008 Periodontal health in people living with HIV/AIDS in Pinar del Rio, 2008

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    Eridalia Fuentes Ayala

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available En la infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH el deterioro del sistema inmune por una disminución de los linfocitos TCD4 aumenta la susceptibilidad a padecer diferentes patologías en la cavidad oral y entre ellas las del periodonto. Fueron objetivos de esta investigación determinar la prevalencia y gravedad de la enfermedad periodontal de las PVIH/sida, así como su asociación a los factores como el conteo de TCD4, el uso de terapia antirretroviral y el índice de higiene bucal simplificado. Se determinaron además los factores de riesgo locales de enfermedad periodontal. Para ello, se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal en 207 personas viviendo con VIH/sida pertenecientes a la provincia de Pinar del Río en el año 2008, los cuales asistieron al control serológico en el momento de la investigación. Se utilizaron los índices de higiene bucal simplificado y el índice periodontal de Russell revisado. Se usaron las frecuencias absolutas y relativas y para describir la asociación entre variables las pruebas de Bartholomew y ji cuadrado al 95 % de confianza. Se determinó una alta prevalencia de la enfermedad obteniéndose un 78,3 %. Los factores de riesgo locales en la enfermedad periodontal más frecuentes son la placa dentobacteriana, caries y dientes ausentes no restituidos. Se identificó una relación significativa entre los resultados de los TCD4 y el estado periodontal, así como con la higiene bucal. No se encontró asociación con la enfermedad periodontal y el tratamiento antirretroviral.In the infection by the Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV the deterioration of the immune system due to a diminution of the TCD4 lymphocytes increases the sensitivity of suffering from different pathologies in oral cavity and among them those in periodontal region. This research paper was aimed at determining the prevalence and severity of periodontal diseases in people living with HIV/AIDS and the association with

  14. Enfermedad injerto contra huesped: sus manifestaciones bucales

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    Claudia Marcela Hernández Cancino

    Full Text Available La enfermedad injerto contra huésped es la principal complicación que sufren los pacientes que han recibido trasplante alogénico. Se produce como consecuencia de una reacción inflamatoria exagerada mediada por los linfocitos del donante y estimulada por aquellos tejidos que han sido lesionados por la enfermedad de base, por las infecciones previas o por el tratamiento de acondicionamiento. El diagnóstico es clínico e histopatológico. Los pacientes presentan rash maculopapular pruriginoso y doloroso que puede extenderse por toda la superficie corporal, fiebre, vómito, náuseas, diarrea y anorexia. En la mucosa bucal se observan erosiones ulceradas, extremamente dolorosas y pueden ser la primera o la única manifestación detectable clínicamente de esta enfermedad. El objetivo es presentar un caso de enfermedad de injerto contra huésped. Se trata de una mujer de 54 años de edad con linfoma no-Hodgking, que recibió tratamiento con quimioterapia, radioterapia y trasplante de células madre hematopoyéticas en el 2009. Tres meses después, presentó lesiones en la piel diagnosticadas como enfermedad injerto contra huésped y tratadas con corticoesteroides, a los seis meses fue remitida al odontólogo porque se quejaba de ardor en la boca, xerostomía y dificultad para masticar, tenía úlceras en la mucosa bucal y en la lengua. En la ocasión recibió tratamiento con corticoesteroides, clorhexidina, orientaciones de higiene bucal y controles clínicos permanentes. Aunque existen protocolos para la prevención y el tratamiento de la enfermedad injerto contra el huésped, su frecuencia ha aumentado en los últimos años debido al incremento en el número de trasplantes. Por esta razón, es fundamental que el odontólogo forme parte del grupo multidisciplinario que asiste al paciente y que esté familiarizado con los signos y síntomas de esta enfermedad en la mucosa bucal, pues las manifestaciones clínicas pueden ser las únicas para

  15. Salivary pH alterations in smoker patients with periodontal disease

    OpenAIRE

    Osorio González, A.Y.; Bascones Martínez, A.; Villarroel-Dorrego, M.

    2009-01-01

    Introducción: El tabaquismo es un factor de riesgo muy importante en la enfermedad periodontal. Para que la nicotina sea absorbida efectivamente el pH de la saliva pareciera sufrir cambios en sus propiedades. Se estima que el pH en la saliva no estimulada oscila entre 5,5 a 7,9, aumentando a medida que aumenta el flujo salival. Alteraciones del pH pudieran ser una de las causa de la activación de la enfermedad periodontal en fumadores. Objetivo: El propósito de este trabajo fue determinar la ...

  16. Relación entre enfermedad periodontal y parto prematuro. Bajo peso al nacimiento: una revisión de la literatura The relationship between periodontal disease and preterm low birth weight: a literature review

    OpenAIRE

    J. Flores; A. Oteo; L. Mateos; A. Bascones

    2004-01-01

    A pesar de los esfuerzos realizados en el control del embarazo y el parto, la frecuencia de los partos prematuros no ha disminuido en las dos últimas décadas. El parto prematuro supone una seria amenaza para la salud del recién nacido, y representa además un porcentaje muy importante de los costes destinados a la atención sanitaria perinatal. La investigación científica ha revelado diversos mecanismos por los que infecciones remotas como la enfermedad periodontal pueden participar en la patog...

  17. Papel de los anticuerpos beta2-glicoproteína I circulantes en pacientes con enfermedad arterial periférica en la modulación de un genotipo endotelial pro-aterogénico

    OpenAIRE

    Varela Casariego, César

    2015-01-01

    Tesis inédita presentada en la Universidad Europea de Madrid. Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas. Programa de Doctorado en Biomedicina y Ciencias de la Salud La enfermedad arterial periférica (EAP) es una enfermedad arterial inflamatoria crónica que se inicia con la pérdida de las funciones homeostáticas del endotelio. Esta disfunción endotelial se ha asociado con una disminución de la bioactividad del óxido nítrico (NO). En este contexto, los anticuerpos anti-beta2-glicoproteína I (ABGPI) se...

  18. Diagnóstico y tratamiento de la periodontitis agresiva

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    Ricardo Benza-Bedoya

    Full Text Available Resumen: La periodontitis agresiva es una enfermedad de baja prevalencia, multifactorial, de avance rápido, sin compromiso sistémico, con alteraciones inmunológicas, con fuerte influencia genética, agregación familiar y generalmente de instalación temprana. Tiene dos formas: una localizada, y otra generalizada. No está debidamente aclarado, si se trata de una enfermedad periodontal diferente a otras o si es la expresión fenotípica de una periodontitis crónica en pacientes susceptibles. Su protocolo diagnóstico incluye una historia médica dental, examen clínico periodontal y examen radiológico. El tratamiento de la periodontitis agresiva incluye principalmente, control de higiene bucal, raspaje y alisado radicular, complementado con terapia antibiótica sistémica y local. La terapia quirúrgica depende de los casos. La terapia de mantenimiento es imprescindible para lograr mejores resultados. El objetivo de este artículo fue revisar los protocolos diagnósticos y terapéuticos y proponer un flujograma de tratamiento en base a evidencias científicas recientes.

  19. Prevantion and maintenance in periodontal and preimplant pathology

    OpenAIRE

    Serrano Cuenca, V.; Noguerol Rodríguez, B.

    2004-01-01

    Se valoran los distintos factores de riesgo en la enfermedad periodontal y periimplantaria, con el fin de establecer la prevención y control de los mismos. Se describen detalladamente los distintos métodos de monitorización del paciente, motivación, así como las diversas técnicas para el control de la placa bacteriana. Se analizan las distintas fases del mantenimiento tanto a nivel periodontal como periimplantario.The risk factors in periodontal and periimplant disease are determined, to esta...

  20. Estado periodontal de los estudiantes de la facultad de odontología de la UNMSM (2002)

    OpenAIRE

    Maita Véliz, Luis; Vacca Dickson, Gustavo; Castañeda Mosto, María; Zegarra Aguilar, Roxana; Grados Pomarino, Sixto

    2014-01-01

    Las enfermedades periodontales, según expertos de la "Organización Mundial de la Salud" son una de las afecciones más comunes en el género humano. Son múltiples las investigaciones realizadas especialmente en los últimos años, acerca de la limitación del daño para evitar llegar a la fase más avanzada de la enfermedad. La verdadera solución es hacer el diagnóstico precoz de la lesión periodontal y desarrollar medidas de prevención específica para la enfermedad periodontal (E. P.). Se realizó...

  1. Respuesta al tratamiento periodontal de diabéticos tipo 2 con mal control metabólico y obesos intolerantes a la glucosa, con periodontitis severa Impact of the periodontal therapy in both clinical and metabolic parameters in type 2 diabetic and prediabetic obese patients with severe periodontitis

    OpenAIRE

    V Pavez Correa; A V Araya Quintanilla; Baksai López N

    2011-01-01

    Diabetes Mellitus (DM) es un factor de riesgo para periodontitis, a su vez, el control metabólico de los diabéticos se dificulta por la presencia de la infección periodontal, aumentando el riesgo de complicaciones crónicas y eventualmente, la mortalidad por diabetes. Ambas enfermedades se relacionan porque los mediadores de inflamación generados en la infección periodontal y la translocación de bacterias de la cavidad oral a la circulación sistémica, podrían actuar como agravantes de la insul...

  2. Valor del estudio celular del esputo en el seguimiento de las enfermedades inflamatorias de la vía aérea Value of sputum analysis in the management of inflammatory airway diseases

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    Juan Antonio Mazzei

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available El análisis celular del esputo, espontáneo u obtenido mediante la técnica de esputo inducido, se ha transformado en una herramienta ampliamente difundida para la evaluación y orientación del tratamiento de las enfermedades inflamatorias de la vía aérea, principalmente asma, enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica y bronquitis eosinofílica. Se han aportado evidencias sobre la utilidad de la técnica del esputo inducido, validada y estandarizada, para ser empleada en pacientes con dificultades para expectorar. Numerosas investigaciones dieron cuenta de la efectividad de basar las decisiones terapéuticas en el componente inflamatorio de la vía aérea mediante el recuento de células en el esputo. Varios estudios mostraron que, en pacientes con asma el análisis celular de esputo guía en la determinación de estrategias para disminuir las exacerbaciones y para mejorar la función pulmonar, aun en pacientes con asma grave, para disminuir el remodelamiento; también se ha descrito su utilidad en pacientes con EPOC, para la disminución de las exacerbaciones.Cellular analysis of sputum either spontaneous or by induced sputum technique, has become a widespread tool for the evaluation and guidance of treatment of inflammatory diseases of the airway, primarily asthma, COPD and eosinophilic bronchitis. Induced sputum method is a validated, standardized and non-invasive technique, useful in patients with difficulties to expectorate. Its implementation is simple and cost effective. Numerous investigations have shown the effectiveness of basing treatment decisions on the inflammatory component of the airway by counting cells in sputum. Several studies have demonstrated that in patients with asthma, results of this analysis can guide in defining strategies to reduce exacerbations and to improve lung function even in patients with severe asthma, as well as to decrease the remodeling; in addition, a reduction in exacerbations in COPD patients

  3. Apoptosis y necroptosis en las enfermedades oftalmológicas

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    Raisa Ivis Beltrán Saínz

    Full Text Available La apoptosis es un término relativamente reciente mediante el cual se denomina a un tipo de muerte celular programada, que se encuentra ligada a diferentes procesos patológicos (cáncer, enfermedades inflamatorias y degenerativas. Actualmente se considera otro tipo de muerte celular no programada, que es la necrosis, la cual ocurre por mecanismos no modulados y se menciona una variedad de esta última: la necroptosis. Ambos procesos (apoptosis y necroptosis se encuentran presentes en la fisiopatología de algunas enfermedades oftalmológicas, lo que nos motivó a realizar una revisión bibliográfica renovada acerca del tema, con el objetivo de acrecentar el conocimiento sobre el tema y su relación con algunas enfermedades oftalmológicas en las que participan. Se revisaron textos básicos de Oftalmología y se localizaron artículos sobre el tema de los últimos 5 años a través Google como motor de búsqueda, el directorio LILACS y la consulta de las bases de datos PubMed y Hinari. Aún queda mucho por recorrer en el estudio de estos procesos que ocurren a nivel celular y que en ocasiones solo se han podido constatar a través de estudios de laboratorio y con modelos de animales. Su mayor comprensión puede constituir una vía para el surgimiento de nuevas terapéuticas antiapoptóticas y antinecroptóticas.

  4. Periodontitis, Porphyromonas gingivalis y su relación con la expresión de quorum sensing Periodontitis, Porphyromonas gingivalis and its relation to quorum sensing expression

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    Antonio Díaz Caballero

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available Los mecanismos de señalización bacteriana desempeñan un papel fundamental en el establecimiento y progresión de la enfermedad periodontal. Dadas estas circunstancias es crucial profundizar en el entendimiento de estos mecanismos para intentar proveer estrategias terapéuticas novedosas. El presente artículo de revisión, de carácter narrativo, tiene como objetivo conducir un análisis crítico de la evidencia disponible sobre la influencia de Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg y expresión de quorum sensing (Qs en enfermedad periodontal. Se realizó una búsqueda a través de bases de datos como Ovid (MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, Hinari. El conocimiento actual de estos mecanismos ofrece la posibilidad de desarrollar nuevos y profundos estudios (teóricos y experimentales sobre la expresión del QS en pacientes con enfermedad periodontal y permitirá un novedoso campo de investigación con el que no se cuenta en la actualidad. Desde su descubrimiento, el QS se vislumbra como un espacio de investigación valioso en el cual se debe insistir de manera permanente. La anterior evidencia permite concluir que a través de la regulación de la expresión de determinados genes en bacterias como la PG, se puede efectuar la inhibición de la formación de las biopelículas que tiene efectos directos e indirectos sobre el desarrollo de la enfermedad periodontal.The bacterial signaling mechanisms play a key role in the establishment and progression of periodontal disease. Due to these circumstances it is crucial to deepen in the understanding of these mechanisms to try to provide novel therapeutic strategies. The objective of present narrative literature review was to make a critical analyze of the available evidence on the influence of Porphyromonas gingivalis (PG and the quorum sensing expression in periodontal disease. Using the Ovid (MEDLINE ScienceDirect, Hinari database we made a search. The current knowledge of these mechanisms offers the possibility of

  5. Impacto del cigarrillo en el tracto gastrointestinal: Efecto diferencial en Enfermedad de Crohn y Colitis Ulcerosa

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    Loni Berkowitz Fiebich

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available El impacto del consumo de cigarrillo a nivel respiratorio y cardiovascular ha sido extensamente investigado, sin embargo, aún queda mucho por estudiar sobre su impacto en el tracto gastrointestinal. Está demostrado que el tabaquismo es un importante factor de riesgo para desórdenes gastrointestinales, incluyendo úlceras pépticas, Enfermedad de Crohn y distintos tipos de cáncer. Los mecanismos propuestos incluyen daños a nivel de la mucosa, alteraciones en la irrigación del tejido y cambios en la respuesta inmune. Paradojalmente, el consumo de cigarrillo constituye un factor protector para el desarrollo y la progresión de la Colitis Ulcerosa. Esta patología, junto a la Enfermedad de Crohn, conforman las dos entidades más importantes dentro de las Enfermedades Inflamatorias Intestinales y comparten diversas características. El impacto diferencial del consumo de cigarrillo entre ambas ha sido un tema de gran interés en los últimos treinta años, y aún no ha logrado ser esclarecido. En esta revisión describiremos los efectos conocidos del tabaquismo sobre el tracto gastrointestinal, y particularmente en la inflamación intestinal, profundizando en los estudios disponibles que intentan explicar el efecto opuesto del cigarrillo en la Enfermedad de Crohn y la Colitis Ulcerosa

  6. Enfermedad gingival asociada al paciente pediátrico asmático

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    Carfi Marin, Indhira Del Valle; Alarcón Palacios, Marco

    2014-01-01

    El asma es una enfermedad infl amatoria crónica del sistema respiratorio, caracterizada por ser hipersensible y episódica, reversible y con síntomas de abstracción del fl ujo de aire. La prevalencia del asma ha ido en aumento a través de todas las edades, sexo y grupos raciales; y resulta ser mayor entre los niños que en adultos. Últimamente ha sido asociada en numerosas investigaciones a la prevalencia de caries y enfermedad periodontal, donde diversos factores y la respuesta inmune actúan d...

  7. Enfermedad Periodontal en la población joven y adulta uruguaya del Interior del país: Relevamiento Nacional 2010-2011

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    Susana Lorenzo

    Full Text Available Durante los años 2010-2011, la Facultad de Odontología, Udelar realizó el “Primer Relevamiento Nacional de salud bucal en población joven y adulta uruguaya”. Metodología: estudio poblacional con muestreo complejo en fases que abarcó todo el país urbano (ciudades con más de 20.000 habitantes y las edades de 15-24, 35-44 y 65-74 años, mediante dos muestras independientes: departamentos del interior (n=922 y Montevideo (n=563. Se aplicaron los “Métodos Básicos para estudios poblacionales” (OMS, 1997. Mediante un examen clínico se recogió información en los domicilios sobre: caries, paradenciopatías, lesiones mucosas, maloclusiones. Se aplicó un cuestionario sobre factores socio-culturales. Para el diagnóstico, medición y resumen de la Enfermedad Periodontal, se usó el Índice Periodontal Comunitario (CPI incorporándose las modificaciones introducidas por el “Projecto SB Brasil 2010”. Resultados: población adulta (35-44/65-74: proporción de individuos: sanos 12% y 1.3%; con bolsas ≥ 4mm: 17% y 6%, respectivamente y con alta proporción sextantes excluidos (49,7 % y 89,5%.

  8. Prevalencia de caries y enfermedad periodontal en estudiantes de odontología

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    Katherine Margarita Arrieta Vergara

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available Con el propósito de describir la prevalencia de caries y enfermedad periodontal en estudiantes de odontología y determinar la asociación con variables demográficas, se realizó un estudio de tipo descriptivo transversal. La muestra se seleccionó por muestreo probabilístico estratificado y correspondió a 234 estudiantes del programa de Odontología de la Universidad de Cartagena. Las mediciones clínicas se realizaron a través de los índices: COP, ICDAS II, INTCP y de higiene bucal simplificado de Green y Vermillion. Además se midió la edad, sexo y estrato socioeconómico. Se realizó análisis univariado (distribuciones de frecuencia y promedios, análisis bivariados y se usó la prueba estadística X² para la significancia estadística. La prevalencia general de experiencia de caries en los sujetos participantes fue de 55,9 % (IC 95 %; 49-62, al mostrarse mayor prevalencia de las lesiones precavitacionales. En cuanto al COP-S, el promedio fue de 10,1 (DE= 5,5, al observarse más alto para el grupo de estudiantes mayores de 26 años (p= 0,05 y en estudiantes que pertenecen al estrato 1 (bajo (p= 0,03. Se presentó una alta carga de morbilidad bucal, pero según la gravedad de la mayoría de los eventos, estos se encuentran en etapa inicial, lo que permitió un diagnóstico oportuno para evitar su progresión.

  9. Desarrollo de infección tuberculosa latente y efectos adversos de la isoniazida durante tratamiento con biológico por Enfermedad de Crohn

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    María Alejandra Arriola

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available Los fármacos anti factor de necrosis tumoral alfa (TNF-a bloquean una de las citoquinas implicadas en la patogénesis de la Enfermedad Inflamatoria intestinal (EII. Su uso se relaciona con aumento de tuberculosis (TB, por lo que el despistaje previo es obligatorio. En la infección tuberculosa latente (ITBL se utiliza isoniazida como quimioprofilaxis, fármaco que no se encuentra libre de reacciones adversas. Se presenta y discute el caso de una paciente con reacción adversa en piel secundaria al uso de isoniazida.

  10. Periodontitis determining the onset and progression of Huntington's disease: review of the literature

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    María Lourdes Rodríguez Coyago

    2015-10-01

    Full Text Available La enfermedad de Hungtinton es un trastorno neurodegenerativo, causado por la expansión de un triplete de citosina, adenina, guanina en el gen de la huntingtina. Se manifiesta con un deterioro físico, cognitivo y psiquiátrico a distintas edades en el adulto, con un pronóstico fatal. Además del número de repeticiones del triplete, existirían otros factores que explicarían el inicio de esta enfermedad a más temprana edad. Se sabe que la neuroinflamación es un protagonista en los trastornos neurodegenerativos, no siendo la enfermedad de Huntington una excepción. La neuroinflamación exacerba el daño neuronal producido por la mutación, al existir activación aberrante de la célula microglía, disfunción de astrocitos y células dendríticas; compromiso de la barrera hematoencefálica y activación de complemento, todas ellas como efecto directo e indirecto de la mutante y otros estímulos como infecciones crónicas. Es el interés del presente trabajo analizar la periodontitis, como modelo de infección bucodental crónica y fuente de inflamación sistémica. Hipotetizamos que el potencial rol de la periodontitis en la enfermedad de Huntington y los mecanismos por los cuales contribuiría a la manifestación temprana y progreso de dicha enfermedad, para lo cual se consideraron revisiones sistemáticas, metanálisis y estudios experimentales publicados tanto en español como en inglés obtenidos del PubMed y SciELO. Son diversos los mecanismos que generan inflamación en el cerebro de estos pacientes, adquiriendo especial protagonismo los mecanismos de la inmunidad innata. Las infecciones buco dentarias crónicas, como la enfermedad periodontal, pueden constituir un factor exacerbante de la neuroinflamación que per se asocia la enfermedad de Huntington.

  11. Predicción de reingreso y mortalidad tras ingreso hospitalario por reagudización de enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica

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    Esquivias Campos, Marco Antonio

    2014-01-01

    La Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica (EPOC) se caracteriza por una limitación crónica al flujo aéreo, parcialmente reversible, asociada a una respuesta inflamatoria anormal. El cuadro clínico incluye disnea progresiva, tos crónica con/sin expectoración. Las reagudizaciones (AEPOC) y comorbilidades empeoran el cuadro. En España según la Guía Española de la EPOC (gesEPOC), hacia 2009, la EPOC era la cuarta causa de muerte (para 2030 será la tercera) y comporta un gasto sanitario anual...

  12. Periodontitis, Porphyromonas gingivalis y su relación con la expresión de quorum sensing

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    Antonio Díaz Caballero

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available Los mecanismos de señalización bacteriana desempeñan un papel fundamental en el establecimiento y progresión de la enfermedad periodontal. Dadas estas circunstancias es crucial profundizar en el entendimiento de estos mecanismos para intentar proveer estrategias terapéuticas novedosas. El presente artículo de revisión, de carácter narrativo, tiene como objetivo conducir un análisis crítico de la evidencia disponible sobre la influencia de Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg y expresión de quorum sensing (Qs en enfermedad periodontal. Se realizó una búsqueda a través de bases de datos como Ovid (MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, Hinari. El conocimiento actual de estos mecanismos ofrece la posibilidad de desarrollar nuevos y profundos estudios (teóricos y experimentales sobre la expresión del QS en pacientes con enfermedad periodontal y permitirá un novedoso campo de investigación con el que no se cuenta en la actualidad. Desde su descubrimiento, el QS se vislumbra como un espacio de investigación valioso en el cual se debe insistir de manera permanente. La anterior evidencia permite concluir que a través de la regulación de la expresión de determinados genes en bacterias como la PG, se puede efectuar la inhibición de la formación de las biopelículas que tiene efectos directos e indirectos sobre el desarrollo de la enfermedad periodontal.

  13. La enfermedad periodontal como factor de riesgo de parto pretérmino y de bajo peso al nacer en el Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia 2002-2003.

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    Christian Alberto Lizarraga Marroquin

    2005-07-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Evaluar la relación entre parto pretérmino (PP y de bajo peso (BP al nacer (PPBP y la enfermedad periodontal (EP materna. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio tipo casos y controles de 156 madres, 53 casos (madres de bebés con PPBP y 103 controles (bebés de madres nacidos con >37 semanas y más de 2 500g. Se interrogó a las madres y se revisó las historias clínicas, se registraron datos como: grado de instrucción, estado civil, hábitos de fumar, alcohol, drogas y otros factores de riesgo conocidos. Un solo examinador calibrado registró los indicadores periodontales: profundidad al sondaje, nivel de inserción clínica, sangrado al sondaje y presencia de placa. El análisis se hizo con técnicas de estratificación o regresión logística. Resultados: Los niños pretérminos con y sin bajo peso y a término con bajo peso tienen poco más del doble de probabilidad de tener madres con pérdida de nivel de inserción clínica OR 2,14 (IC 95% 1,24-3,68. Hay asociación de PPBP con la pérdida del nivel de inserción clínica, controlando por peso materno, número de controles prenatales y antecedentes de hijos con BP al nacer. Conclusión: La enfermedad periodontal es un factor de riesgo independiente y potencial de PPBP (Rev Med Hered 2005;16:172-177.

  14. Factores de riesgo y su relación con la enfermedad periodontal en el área del Policlínico “Ángel A. Aballí ”

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    José Alberto Méndez González

    2007-06-01

    Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio transversal en pacientes de 15 a 65 años de edad del área de salud del Policlínico “Ángel A. Aballí ” del municipio Habana Vieja, pertenecientes a 14 consultorios seleccionados del médico de la familia, en el período comprendido entre octubre del 2005 y julio del 2006, con el objetivo de estimar la prevalencia y gravedad de la enfermedad periodontal y determinar los factores de riesgo asociados con esta. Se seleccionó una muestra de 229 pacientes por el método de selección aleatoria con probabilidad proporcional al tamaño de los consultorios del médico de la familia. La gingivitis fue la afección más prevalente asociada con factores como caries, obturaciones deficientes, higiene deficiente, maloclusiones y personas hipertensas tratadas con Nifedipina . De los factores estudiados, el hábito de fumar, la higiene deficiente y el consumo de nifedipina tuvieron asociación estadísticamente significativa en relación con la periodontitis .

  15. NECESIDADES DE TRATAMIENTO PERIODONTAL EN UNA POBLACIÓN DE PACIENTES FUMADORES JÓVENES

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    Jenny Hortencia Fuentes Sánchez

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available El tabaquismo como factor de riesgo en enfermedad periodontal ha sido evaluado durante muchos años, encontrándose una relación directa. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, con el objetivo de determinar la necesidad de tratamiento periodontal de una población de adultos jóvenes fumadores que ingresa a primer semestre de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia. En el examen odontológico, se seleccionaron  adultos jóvenes fumadores y  adultos jóvenes no fumadores. Así mismo, se realizo el examen clínico periodontal con base en el Índice de Necesidad de Tratamiento Periodontal de las Comunidades. El total de los adultos jóvenes que participaron en el estudio fueron ciento treinta y nueve. Entre ellos encontramos setenta adultos jóvenes fumadores y sesenta y nueve adultos jóvenes no fumadores.  Al evaluar las Necesidades de Tratamiento en el grupo  fumadores encontramos que 86% presenta NT: 2 ,9% presenta  NT: 3 ,4% presenta  NT: 1 ,1% presenta NT: 0. Al evaluar las Necesidades de Tratamiento Periodontal en el grupo de no fumadores, encontramos que el 86% presenta NT: 2; 14% presenta NT: 1. En la necesidad de tratamiento de los adultos jóvenes fumadores, el 86% (NT: 2 presenta necesidad en educación en higiene oral y terapia básica periodontal (raspaje y alisado radicular, pulido coronal. Al evaluar el Índice de Necesidades de Tratamiento se observó, una diferencia estadísticamente significativa en adultos jóvenes fumadores que en no fumadores; ya que presentan un compromiso periodontal mayor. Esto demuestra la relación entre el hábito de tabaquismo y la presencia de enfermedad periodontal en adultos jóvenes fumadores.

  16. Comportamiento de variables epidemiológicas en la neuropatía óptica inflamatoria infecciosa. Centro Oftalmológico de Holguín. 2009

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    Enma Estrella de la Torre-Rodríguez

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Abordó un estudio descriptivo del comportamiento de algunas variables epidemiológicas en un universo de 18 pacientes con neuropatía óptica inflamatoria en el Centro Oftalmológico de Holguín de enero a diciembre de 2009. La muestra estuvo representada por 12 pacientes con etiología infecciosa. El mayor número de pacientes se incluyó en el grupo de edad de 15 a 29 años. Las ocupaciones de riesgo más frecuentes fueron los estudiantes, las amas de casa y criadores de palomas. Los perros, gatos y cerdos fueron los animales más frecuentes en contacto con los casos. La etiología parasitaria representó el grupo más frecuente como causa de la neuropatía y el agente que predominó fue Bartonella henselae. Se recomendó realizar estudios que incluyan confirmación serológica y/o del agente causal en este grupo de enfermedades.

  17. Correlación clínico-histopatológicaen la enfermedad periodontal inflamatoriacrónica

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    Nereyda Riesgo Lobaina

    1999-12-01

    Full Text Available Se realizó el estudio de 40 biopsias seleccionadas en el Departamento de Anatomía Patológica de la Facultad de Estomatología de La Habana, 20 correspondientes a pacientes con diagnóstico clínico de gingivitis crónica y 20 pacientes con periodontitis, con la finalidad de conocer los principales cambios que se producen en el epitelio y la lámina propia. Estos casos tuvieron la condición de no referir al interrogatorio enfermedad sistémica, lo cual se verificó al consultar las historias clínicas de los casos seleccionados. El análisis de las muestras de biopsias obtenidas demostró la alta correspondencia del diagnóstico clínico y los hallazgos histomorfológicos encontrados, lo cual corrobora una serie de estudios realizados en nuestro país y a nivel mundial.Study of 40 selected biopsies was carried out in Pathologic Anatomy Department of Dentistry Faculty of Havana City, 20 ot them corresponding to patients with clinical diagnosis of chronic gingivitis, in order to know main changes produced in epithelium and lamina propria. These cases, when they were interviewed not refered systemic disease, which was verified by searching in medical records of selected patients. Analysis of sample biopsies obtained demonstrate a high corrspondence between clinical diagnosis and histomorphologic findings, what corroborates a serie of studies carried out in our country and worldwide.

  18. Corneal manifestations in systemic diseases

    OpenAIRE

    Zarranz-Ventura, J.; Nova, E. De; Moreno-Montañés, J.

    2008-01-01

    Un gran número de enfermedades sistémicas presentan manifestaciones corneales dentro de su espectro de enfermedad. El estudio detallado de todos los cuadros que asocian patología corneal resulta inabarcable, por ello se presentan las enfermedades más prevalentes o características. Este estudio contempla las enfermedades pulmonares y conectivopatías (colagenosis, enfermedades reumatológicas y enfermedades inflamatorias idiopáticas), las enfermedades dermatológicas, cardiovasculares, hematológi...

  19. Validación cruzada del Perfil de Impacto de Salud Oral aplicado a enfermedad periodontal

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    José Moral de la Rubia

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available El Perfil de Impacto de Salud Oral (OHIP - 14 es el instrumento más empleado para evaluar la eficacia de tratamientos odontológicos. Con el propósito de dilucidar su estructura factorial y establecer la validez cruzada de la escala aplica da a la enfermedad periodontal (OHIP - 14 - PD , este estudio tiene como objetivos : 1 explorar la estructura factorial del OHIP - 14 - PD , y 2 contrastar la invarianza de los modelos propuestos para e l OHIP - 14 y de los derivados del análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE entre una muestra de población general y una muestra clínica odontológica . Se aplicó el OHIP - 14 - PD a 249 pacientes adultos odontológicos y 256 adultos de población general de Monterrey, México . El AFE reveló modelos de uno, dos y tres factores. Los modelos jerarqui zados propuestos arrojaron soluciones inadmisibles. Se concluye que el modelo un if actor ial tuvo las mejores propiedades, aunque el bi factor ial (impacto físico [ítems del 1 al 7] y psicosocial [ítems del 8 al 14] también resultó válido. L os dos modelos fue ron invariante s e n pesos de medida, pero no en las varianzas de los factores y residuos. En ambos modelos, el ajuste mejor ó con la inclusión de la correlación entre los residuos de los ítems 5 y 6.

  20. Inhibidores del NF-kB en la dieta y su papel en las enfermedades alérgicas

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    Eloina Zárate Peñata

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available El NF - κ B tiene un papel central como regulador de las respuestas inflamatoria e inmune. Se encuentra en forma inactiva en el citoplasma de las células. Después de la activación de estas, el NF - κ B se disocia de su proteína inhibidora y se transloca al núcleo, donde participa en la transcripción de genes como los de las citoquinas inflamatorias, moléculas de adhesión, inmu - noglobulinas y diversos receptores presentes en células de la respuesta inmune, entre otros. Este factor de transcripción posee un grupo de inhibidores fisiológicos y no fisiológicos. Dentro de los no fisiológicos se destacan algunos presentes en la dieta, como los carotenoides y los polifenoles, que reducen su actividad como inductor transcripcional. Diversos estudios epidemiológicos muestran que el consumo de frutas y verduras protege del desarrollo de alergias. Se ha postulado que este efecto protector se debe al contenido de polife - noles y carotenoides presentes en estos alimentos. Estos compuestos actúan en diversos niveles de la respuesta inmune de tipo alérgico. Inhibiendo las citoquinas T h2, el infiltrado de células inflamatorias en los tejidos, la síntesis de I g E y la liberación de mediadores farmacológicos, entre otras. Esto debido al efecto de estos compuestos sobre la fosforilación, ubiquitinación y degradación de diversas proteínas que participan en los procesos de inhibición y/o activación del NF - κ B . En esta revisión analizamos aspectos moleculares del NF - κ B y describimos inhibidores presentes en la dieta, como polifenoles y carotenoides, su papel en los procesos inflamatorios de tipo alérgico y en el desarrollo de enfermedades alérgicas.

  1. Cicatrización guiada en perros criollos con enfermedad periodontal natural Uso de barreras de fabricación nacional

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    Carmen Alicia Cardozo de Martínez

    1997-12-01

    Full Text Available Este estudio multietapas evaluó, mediante el empleo de membranas de fabricación nacional, la capacidad regenerativa del periodonto en perros criollos con enfermedad periodontal natural. Siguiendo el diseño experimental de boca dividida -validado por Wikesjo y colaboradores- aplicado para la arcada inferior, se tomó un lado experimental y un lado control, escogiéndose como zonas de trabajo los segundos y terceros premolares. La membrana de fabricación nacional se colocó sobre el lado experimental, cubriendo el defecto furcal, previo raspaje y alisado radicular, en tanto que sobre el defecto control no se colocó membrana, recibiendo solo raspaje y alisado radicular. Las membranas se retiraron entre la cuarta y sexta semana posimplantación. Los resultados fueron los siguientes: 1 clínicamente, sobre los sitios experimentales, se obtuvo una ganancia promedio de inserción de 4,4 mm, mientras que sobre los controles la ganancia promedio fue de 3,6 mm; 2 en términos de porcentaje, se obtuvo una reducción promedio de 62,85% de la profundidad de los defectos sobre los sitios experimentales, en tanto que sobre los controles fue de 51,42%; 3 histométricamente, sobre el lado experimental hubo neoformación de cemento y ligamento periodontal que, en promedio, fue de 3,35 mm, lo cual correspondió a un 47,85% mientras que sobre los controles fue de 3,08 mm, que correspondió a 44%; en cuanto al hueso neoformado, el promedio fue de 2,313 mm (33,71% para los sitios experimentales y de 1,6 mm (22,85% para los sitios control. Histológicamente, se apreció neoformación de cemento radicular, nuevo ligamento periodontal y neoformación ósea hacia el fondo del defecto tanto en los sitios experimentales como en los sitios control; sin embargo, en promedio, la respuesta fue estadísticamente superior en los sitios con membrana. Llamó laatención la enorme variabilidad al evaluar la respuesta en forma individual, encontrándose que, en algunos de los

  2. Nivel de información sobre salud periodontal en un grupo de pacientes diabéticos del municipio Palmira

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    Margarita Marchán Margolles

    2002-04-01

    Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio descriptivo tranversal para determinar el nivel de conocimiento acerca de la enfermedad periodontal en 94 pacientes diabéticos dispensarizados procedentes de 8 consultorios médicos de la familia pertenecientes al Policlínico de Palmira. Se detectó que el 76,6 % de los pacientes encuestados no tenían conocimientos sobre la enfermedad periodontal y su relación con la diabetes mellitus. El nivel de conocimiento general del grupo fue calificado de regular, para el 44,6 %.A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 94 classified diabetic patients from 8 family physician’s offices corresponding to the Polyclinic of Palmira to determine their knowledge about the periodontal disease. It was found that 76.6 % of the surveyed patients knew nothing about this disease and its relationship with diabetes mellitus. The general level of knowledge of the group was considered as fair, accounting for 44.6 %.

  3. Enfermedad periodontal: ¿es factor de riesgo para parto pretérmino, bajo peso al nacer o preeclampsia?

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    José Luis Castaldi

    2006-04-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Evaluar si la enfermedad periodontal (EP constituye un factor de riesgo de parto pretérmino, bajo peso al nacer o preeclampsia y si hay alguna relación entre las formas clínicas de la EP y los resultados obstétricos mencionados. MÉTODOS: Estudio analítico, transversal y prospectivo de todas las mujeres que tuvieron su parto en el Hospital Dr. José Penna, de la ciudad de Bahía Blanca, Argentina, entre el 1.º de febrero y el 18 de julio de 2003 y entre el 1.º de marzo y el 31 de mayo de 2004. A las mujeres que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión (ser mayor de 18 años, tener al menos 18 dientes, no ser diabética y que los hijos hubieran sobrevivido al parto se les practicó un examen odontológico en busca de hemorragia al sondaje, movilidad dentaria o inflamación gingival y se realizaron mediciones clínicas de la pérdida de inserción. Se calcularon las razones de posibilidades (odds ratios, RP con sus intervalos de confianza del 95% (IC95% y se ajustaron los resultados por las variables "ser fumadora" y "tener anemia". RESULTADOS: Se registraron 2 003 nacimientos, correspondientes a 1 982 partos. Se excluyeron 420 (21,2% mujeres por no cumplir los criterios de inclusión o por no poder realizárseles el diagnóstico odontológico previsto. De las 1 562 mujeres evaluadas, 809 (51,8% presentaban alguna de las afecciones buscadas; de ellas, 274 (17,5% padecían EP grave y 535 (34,3% tenían gingivitis. En total, 149 (9,5% partos fueron pretérmino, en 161 (10,3% nacieron niños con bajo peso y en 157 (10,0% se presentaron casos de preeclampsia. No se observó asociación alguna entre la EP y el parto pretérmino (RP = 1,06; IC95%: 0,74 a 1,50, el bajo peso al nacer (RP = 1,05; IC95%: 0,74 a 1,47 y la preeclampsia (RP = 0,99; IC95%: 0,70 a 1,40. El riesgo de dar a luz un niño con bajo peso al nacer en el subgrupo de fumadoras de más de 10 cigarrillos diarios fue mayor en las que tenían enfermedad periodontal grave que

  4. Marcadores de inmunorrespuesta en la periodontitis juvenil

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    Amparo Pérez Borrego,

    2002-12-01

    Full Text Available La periodontitis juvenil es una enfermedad del periodonto propia de adolescentes y adultos jóvenes, afecta principalmente los primeros molares y los incisivos y se caracteriza por la pérdida severa del hueso alveolar alrededor de dientes permanentes sin correspondencia entre la rapidez y severidad de la destrucción con los factores locales. En la causa de la enfermedad se citan factores genéticos, infecciosos e inmunológicos. Estudiamos algunos marcadores de inmunorrespuesta en 6 adolescentes que acudieron a nuestro servicio con el diagnóstico de periodontitis juvenil, además de su valoración clínica y radiológica. Ambos sexos se afectaron por igual, la movilidad dentaria y el sangramiento al sondeo fueron los hallazgos clínicos más relevantes y el índice de higiene bucal fue adecuado en todos los casos. No encontramos homogeneidad en las alteraciones inmunológicas, pero todos los pacientes estuvieron afectados en más de un marcador. Predominaron las alteraciones funcionales de linfocitos T en los estudios celulares. La hipogammaglobulinemia y la IgM elevada fueron las alteraciones más frecuentes en la inmunidad de anticuerpos. Se señala la dificultad que aún existe para explicar la patogenia de la enfermedad basándose solamente en un único factor de riesgo, así como la importancia de la valoración individual de cada enfermo.Juvenile periodontitis is a disease of the periodontium inherent to adolescents and young adults, affecting mainly the first molars and incisives and characterized by the severe loss of the alveolar bone sorrounding the permanent teeth with no correspondance between the celerity and severity of the destruction and the local factors. Genetic, infectious and immunological factors are considereed as the causes of the disease. Some immunoresponse markers were studied in 6 adolescents that were seen at our service with the diagnosis of juvenile periodontitis in addition to their clinical and radiological

  5. El estado periodontal y la higiene bucal en los pacientes cardiópatas del Policlínico “Plaza de la Revolución” The periodontal state and the oral hygiene in cardiopathy patients at “Plaza de la Revolución ” Polyclinic

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    María Elena Pueo Lazo

    2006-09-01

    Full Text Available La enfermedad periodontal se relaciona con las enfermedades cardiovasculares, ya que los microorganismos del surco gingival y de las bolsas periodontales pueden agravar el inicio y curso de estas afecciones cardiovasculares. Se efectuó un estudio descriptivo y transversal, a una muestra no probabilística de 210 cardiópatas del Policlínico "Plaza de la Revolución" en el mes de febrero del 2003, a los que se les aplicó el índice de higiene bucal revisado (IHB-R de Greene y Vermillion, y el índice periodontal revisado de Russell (IP-R. Las variables del estudio fueron: la edad, el sexo, el estado periodontal y el grado de higiene bucal. Se pudo constatar que el 91 % de estos pacientes presentó algún grado de afección periodontal, y fueron los adultos jóvenes los de mayor prevalencia en cuanto a enfermedad gingival crónica, con el 83,3 %. La gravedad de las periodontopatías aumentó con la edad; no hubo diferencias significativas en canto al sexo. Solo el 8 % de estos pacientes tuvo buena higiene bucal; en el grupo estudiado predominó la higiene deficiente. Se evidenció que a medida que la higiene bucal fue más deficiente, el grado de afección periodontal aumentó, por lo cual resulta importante aplicar medidas preventivo-curativas, para mejorar la salud periodontal y así disminuir los riesgos en este grupo de pacientes dispensarizados.The periodontal disease is related to the cardiovascular diseases, since the microorganisms of the gingival sulcus and of the periodontal pockets may aggravate the beginning and the course of these cardiovascular affections. A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in a non-probabilistic sample of 210 cardiopathy patients of “Plaza de la Revolución ” Polyclinic in February 2003. They were applied the revised oral higiene index (R-OHI of Greene and Vermillion, and the revised periodontal index of Russell (R-PI.The following variables were studied: age, sex, periodontal state, and

  6. Efficacy therapy in a nonsurgical periodontal treatment in aggressive periodontitisno

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    Nelly Garcia-Madueño

    2016-02-01

    Full Text Available La terapia periodontal no quirúrgica es la clave para el control y el mantenimiento de la enfermedad periodontal logrando evitar la fase quirúrgica en muchos casos. Paciente de sexo masculino de 46 años de edad con diagnóstico de periodontitis agresiva generalizada se realizó el control mecánico de placa bacteriana, motivación e instrucción de higiene oral, raspado y alisado radicular manual por cuadrantes, clorhexidina al 0.12% en colutorio 15 ml por 30s dos veces al día por siete días; se complementó con terapia antibiótica sistémica clindamicina de 300mg tres veces al día por siete días. Durante un año de seguimiento con tratamiento periodontal de soporte se observó una reducción de los parámetros clínicos como sangrado al sondaje, disminución de la perdida de inserción y estabilidad del nivel óseo.

  7. Algunos riesgos durante el embarazo en relación con la enfermedad periodontal y la caries dental en Yemen Some risks during pregnancy related to periodontal disease and dental cavities in Yemen

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    Maribel de las Mercedes Bastarrechea Milián

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available Yemen es un país con grandes diferencias regionales en su estructura social, económica y de alfabetización, lo cual se demuestra en los índices de mortalidad materna, mortalidad infantil y morbilidad de los niños menores de 5 años y las existentes necesidades para el cuidado de salud de su población. Teniendo en cuenta esta situación nos propusimos valorar cómo influyen en el estado de salud bucal de la embarazada algunos riesgos biosociales identificados en la bibliografía. Para ello se realizó un estudio analítico transversal y fueron estudiadas todas las embarazadas encontradas en el Al Wahdah Teaching Hospital y en el policlínico de atención prenatal de Kormarzar, ambos situados en la ciudad de Adén, Yemen, durante un período de 8 meses. Las gestantes fueron clasificadas según nivel de riesgo (alto, moderado y bajo y estos fueron relacionados con la presencia de caries dental y enfermedad periodontal.Yemen is a country with great regional differences in its social, economic and literacy structure, which is demonstrated in death mother mortality, children mortality of children aged younger than 5 and the present needs for health care of its population. Taking into account this situation our objective was to value how some biosocial risk factors identified in the bibliography may influence on the buccal health status in the pregnant. Thus, a cross-sectional analytical study was conducted and also all pregnant seen in the Al Wahdah Teaching Hospital and in prenatal care polyclinic in Kormazar, both located in Aden city, Yemen during 8 months. Pregnants were classified according the risk level (high, moderate and low and these were related to presence of dental cavities and periodontal disease.

  8. Response of first attack of inflammatory bowel disease requiring hospital admission to steroid therapy Respuesta al tratamiento esteroideo del primer brote de enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal que requiere ingreso hospitalario

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    M. Abu-Suboh Abadía

    2004-08-01

    buena en caso de remisión completa o mala si la remisión es parcial o ausente. Se realizó estudio univariado y multivariado según estadística no paramétrica de diferentes variables sociodemográficas y biológicas. Resultados: se han incluido 45 pacientes con EC y 41 con CU. La tasa de buena respuesta fue del 64,4% en la EC y del 60,9% en la CU. El análisis univariado demostró que los pacientes con buena respuesta tienen un tiempo de evolución más corto y un menor número de brotes previos (p < 0,05 para la EC. Sin embargo, el análisis multivariado no demostró que alguna variable de las analizadas tuviera valor predictivo. Conclusión: la respuesta de los brotes graves de enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal a los corticoides es alrededor del 60% en la EC y CU. Los datos del presente estudio no permiten predecir qué pacientes son los que responderán al tratamiento.

  9. Alteraciones en el eje intestino-riñón durante la enfermedad renal crónica: causas, consecuencias y propuestas de tratamiento

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    Ivan Armando Osuna-Padilla

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available La enfermedad renal crónica y el estado urémico se asocian con alteraciones en la permeabilidad intestinal y cambios en la microbiota intestinal, provocando una mayor producción y translocación de toxinas urémicas como sulfato de indoxilo (IS y sulfato de p-cresilo (pCS, detonando una respuesta inflamatoria. El estado inflamatorio y el incremento en concentraciones séricas de IS y pCS se han asociado con una mayor mortalidad, mayor número de eventos cardiovasculares y mayores alteraciones en el metabolismo mineral y óseo. Se han estudiado diversas estrategias nutricionales y farmacológicas para modular la microbiota intestinal y mejorar las alteraciones en la permeabilidad intestinal, entre ellas la suplementación con probióticos, prebióticos y simbióticos, modificaciones en la composición de la dieta y uso de agentes adsorbentes. El objetivo del presente trabajo es realizar una revisión de las causas de las alteraciones intestinales y de la microbiota intestinal en el paciente con enfermedad renal crónica, analizando las consecuencias de dichos cambios y las intervenciones estudiadas hasta la actualidad.

  10. Rol de las células estrelladas hepáticas en la respuesta inflamatoria-fibrótica de la esquistosomiasis murina | Role of hepatic stellate cells in the inflammatory-fibrotic response murine schistosomiasis

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    Eva Velásquez Bolívar

    2017-10-01

    Full Text Available Las Células Estrelladas Hepáticas (HSCs son una de las principales fuentes de colágeno en el hígado y juegan un papel crucial en la fibrogénesis inducida por los esquistosomas. Las HSCs en reposo funcionan principalmente almacenando la vitamina A, pero en respuesta a la lesión del tejido hepático, se activan y sufren transdiferenciación a miofibroblastos, que se caracterizan por la producción de la matriz extracelular (ECM, componentes ricos en colágenos fibrilares. En la esquistosomiasis, se desarrolla una respuesta inflamatoria granulomatosa fibrogénica dirigida principalmente contra los huevos de esquistosoma, resultando en la patología hepática asociada con la enfermedad. En el proceso, el rol de las HSCs ha sido estudiado de manera no concluyente, tanto en la esquistosomiasis como en otras parasitosis. En la infección por Schistosoma mansoni, se conoce que ellas están presentes en su estado activado (miofibroblastos, en el borde fibrótico del granuloma hepático. Por contraste, en otras patologías, se ha demostrado que la expresión y activación de estas células conduce a la progresión de la fibrogénesis, pudiendo provocar cáncer hepático. Así mismo, su baja expresión y activación está asociado a la disminución de la fibrogénesis y la posible limitación de la patología. La fibrogénesis y la inmunopatogénesis causada por S. mansoni, estudiada en modelos murinos, puede tener amplias implicaciones para la salud humana; en última instancia, se traduce en una estrategia eficaz de intervención de la esquistosomiasis, así como también para otras enfermedades granulofibróticas hepáticas que puedan inducir cáncer en este tejido. Por tal motivo, la presente revisión describe el rol de las células estrelladas hepáticas en la respuesta inflamatoria-fibrótica de la esquistosomiasis murina.

  11. Enfermedad de Alzheimer

    OpenAIRE

    Serrano Reyes, Carlos Daniel; Fundación Valle de Lili

    2001-01-01

    ¿Cuáles son las manifestaciones de la enfermedad de Alzheimer?/ Signos de alarma de la enfermedad de Alzheimer/ ¿Cómo se diagnostica la enfermedad?/ ¿Cómo se trata la enfermedad de Alzheimer?/ ¿Qué se está investigando sobre la enfermedad?/ ¿Qué otras enfermedades se parecen al Alzheimer?

  12. Enfermedad periodontal en pacientes con discapacidad en custodia versus pacientes con discapacidad independientes

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    Fermín-Guerrero-Del Ángel

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Identificar el estado de salud periodontal en pacientes con discapacidad en custodia versus pacientes independientes en su higiene oral. Material y métodos: Se examinaron pacientes con discapacidad, ambos sexos, 3 a 19 años que acuden al Servicio de Odontopediatría del Centro de Rehabilitación Infantil Teletón (CRIT Tamaulipas mediante revisión de cavidad oral y aplicación del Índice de Higiene Oral Simplificado (IHOS, Índice Periodontal Comunitario de la Necesidad de Tratamiento (IPCNT y entrevista con su cuidador primario. Se agruparon en dos categorías: Independientes y de Custodia. Resultados: En el total de la muestra la Media y Desviación estándar (D.E. de IPCNT fue de 0.89±0.54, así como el IHOS de 1.88±0.77. El IPCNT en pacientes con discapacidad de Custodia fue 0.91±0.57 e Independientes de 0.86±0.49 (p=0.70, IHOS en pacientes de Custodia 1.89±0.78 e Independientes 1.87±.0.74 (p=.93. IPCNT en géneros masculino 1.03±0.54 y femenino 0.75±0.51 (p=.009. IHOS en pacientes que habitan área rural 2.41±1.25 y área urbana 1.83±0.68 (p=.02. Relación entre la edad y la necesidad de tratamiento periodontal (p=0.001. Frecuencia del cepillado del grupo Independientes 2.03±0.56 y de Custodia 2.00±0.75 (p=.84. Conclusiones: No existe diferencia en el estado de salud periodontal y el grado de higiene oral entre pacientes con discapacidad Independientes y de Custodia. La mayoría de los pacientes Independientes y de Custodia tienen una necesidad de tratamiento de Instrucción de Higiene Oral (TN1 y tienen Higiene Oral Regular.

  13. Análisis de la productividad, colaboración e impacto científico de la cardiología española (1999-2008)

    OpenAIRE

    Bolaños-Pizarro, Máxima

    2011-01-01

    De acuerdo con los datos disponibles por Who (2004), alrededor del 50% del total de las muertes en Europa se encuentran relacionadas con enfermedades reumáticas, hipertensión, isquemias, enfermedades cerebrovasculares o enfermedades cardiovasculares e inflamatorias. Según la información proporcionada por el Instituto Nacional de Estadística (2010) las enfermedades cardiovasculares se constituyen como la primera causa de muerte, siendo responsables del 31,7% del total de las defunciones en 200...

  14. Enfermedad de Parkinson

    OpenAIRE

    Orozco V., Jorge Luis; Fundación Valle de Lili

    2002-01-01

    ¿Qué tan frecuente es la enfermedad de Parkinson?/ ¿Qué ocasiona la enfermedad?/ ¿Existen otras formas de Parkinsonismo?/ ¿Quién desarrolla la enfermedad de Parkinson?/ ¿Cuales son los síntomas principales?/ ¿Cómo se diagnostica la enfermedad de Parkinson?/ ¿Cómo se trata la enfermedad?/Tratamiento quirúrgico/Aspectos prácticos del tratamiento/Verdades sobre la enfermedad de Parkinson.

  15. El anisakis y sus enfermedades como enfermedad profesional

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    José Manuel Vicente Pardo

    Full Text Available El anisakis es un parásito complejo de los animales marinos. El hombre no es el hospedador adecuado, ya que en él la larva L3 no puede completar su ciclo vital, siendo por tanto un hospedador accidental u ocasional, que se interpone en el ciclo vital del nemátodo, y al que el anisakis le puede causar tanto la parasitación como la alergia, cuando ingiere pescado o cefalópodos crudos o poco cocinados: tales como sushi, sashimi, ceviche gravlax noruego, lomi-lomi hawaiano, así como pescados en escabeche, vinagre, desecado, ahumados, semiconservas, o en salazón que contengan este parásito en su forma de larva en estadio tres L3. Las enfermedades por anisakis constituyen un problema de salud pública, generalizado y que ha aumentado su incidencia en los últimos años. En 2012, se notificaron 20.000 casos de anisakiasis en todo el mundo. España es el segundo país con mayor número de intoxicaciones por Anisakis después de Japón. Diversos estudios en España sobre la prevalencia de la sensibilización reflejan una elevada prevalencia entre pacientes que han sufrido episodios de reacciones alérgicas. El 50 por ciento de quienes manipulan directamente el pescado presentan sensibilidad a anisakis. Siendo por tanto cada vez más común la afectación por y en el desarrollo del trabajo, constituyendo entonces procesos considerados como enfermedad profesional cuando se dan las circunstancias determinantes causales de trabajo, riesgo y exposición que para ello deben concurrir. La afección puede presentarse tanto por contacto laboral como por contacto en el consumo ordinario de pescado infestado, lo que hará difícil el estimar como causa exclusiva o consecuente la aparición de la enfermedad a consecuencia del desempeño del trabajo. Los sectores laborales de riesgo por enfermedades por anisakis, son los pescadores, pescaderos ("pescateros" y cocineros. En general todos aquellos que trabajan tanto en la captura, limpieza, manipulación, venta

  16. Adenocarcinoma de recto y ano en paciente con enfermedad de Crohn tratado con infliximab Adenocarcinoma of the rectum and anus in a patient with Crohn´s disease treated with infliximab

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    J. Egea Valenzuela

    2010-08-01

    Full Text Available In the present paper, we report the case of a patient with long-standing Crohn´s disease and multiple complications that, after receiving treatment with infliximab, was diagnosed with an adenocarcinoma of the rectum and anus that required radical surgery, later presenting multiple metastases. In the discussion, characteristics and major risk factors for colorectal cancer in patients with inflammatory bowel disease will be largely reviewed, and current studies will be analyzed in connection with the appearance of neoplasms in patients being treated with biologics.Presentamos el caso de un paciente con enfermedad de Crohn de larga evolución y con múltiples complicaciones de su enfermedad que, tras recibir tratamiento con infliximab, es diagnosticado de un adenocarcinoma de recto y ano que precisa cirugía radical, presentando posteriormente metástasis múltiples. Se repasarán durante la discusión las características y los factores de riesgo más importantes del cáncer colorrectal en pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal, y se analizarán los trabajos existentes hasta la fecha en relación con la aparición de neoplasias en pacientes tratados con fármacos biológicos.

  17. El β-Amiloide: modulador de inflamación en la enfermedad de Alzheimer

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    Marlene Jiménez del Río

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available El depósito del fragmento péptido de βamiloide [1-42] (βA[1-42] constituye una de las principales características neuropatológicas y el principal componente de las placas seniles en la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA. Este pèptico se deriva de la proteína precursora de amiloide (PPA y es un factor desencadenante de una respuesta inflamatoria crónica en los cerebros de los individuos afectados. Esta respuesta, modulada por el βA, se caracteriza por la inducción de una cascada de eventos moleculares que incluye la activación de la microglia y la astroglia, la activación del complemento por las vías clásica y alterna, la expresión y secreción de citoquinas, interleuquinas y proteínas de fase aguda y la secreción de βA. Todos estos factores actúan en concierto, generando un conjunto de reacciones cíclicas con efectos deletéreos para las neuronas y la glia en la EA. Esta revisión científica reúne las evidencias experimentales que implican al βA como péptido modulador en el proceso inflamatorio. Adicionalmente, se presenta un modelo hipotético que explica el papel que juega el βA como agente generador del proceso de inflamación crónica en la enfermedad de Alzheimer. Esta información podría ser un aporte a una mejor comprensión de los eventos moleculares proinflamatorios y antiinflamatorios que contribuyen a la evolución de la enfermedad de Alzheimer y a un mayor conocimiento en el diseño de posibles estrategias terapéuticas antiinflamatorias que ayudarían a retardar la progresión y aparición de este desorden neurológico devastador.

  18. Clinical treatment of a patient with generalized advanced chronic periodontitis at the school of dentistry of Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia. A case report

    OpenAIRE

    Rendón Osorio, Willer Leandro; Guzmán Zuluaga, Isabel Cristina; Torres Quiroz, Ingrid Ximena; Botero Zuluaga, Leticia

    2012-01-01

    La enfermedad periodontal afecta la salud del paciente comprometiendo la forma, función y estética del sistema estomatognático, llevando a un deterioro notable de la calidad de vida de las personas. En este caso clínico se presenta el tratamiento integral de un paciente de sexo masculino de 43 años de edad con periodontitis crónica avanzada generalizada que incluyó: tratamiento periodontal no quirúrgico, quirúrgico y de rehabilitación oral, hecho durante dieciocho meses por un estudiante de ú...

  19. Enfermedades de la pobreza, enfermedades tropicales desatendidas

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    Pecoul, Bernard; Alvarado, J.

    2014-01-01

    Las enfermedades tropicales desatendidas (ETDs) se caracterizan por su altísima incidencia en países de renta baja haciendo bueno el nefasto ciclo pobreza-enfermedad-pobreza. Las ETDs son ajenas al mundo occidental por lo que no son consideradas prioritarias, pero tampoco lo son para los gobiernos de los países endémicos al afectar a las poblaciones rurales sin voz política. Los escasos beneficios que proporcionan los medicamentos para estas enfermedades las hacen poco atractivas para la inve...

  20. Sangramiento gingival y flora bacteriana en la gingivitis y la periodontitis

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    Iriam Baldemira Rodríguez

    1996-08-01

    Full Text Available Se estudiaron 30 sitios o áreas periodontales que presentaban gingivitis y 30 con periodontitis, con el objetivo de determinar la relación existente entre el sangramiento gingival y la flora microbiana presente en la gingivitis y la periodontitis. Los pacientes seleccionados no presentaban antecedentes de enfermedad general y no habían recibido medicación antimicrobiana ni tratamiento periodontal en los útimos 6 meses; en el caso de las mujeres, no podían estar embarazadas. En los dientes seleccionados se procedió a tomar la muestra cumpliendo con los requisitos establecidos; luego se examinó inmediatamente en el microscopio de campo oscuro. Los resultados obtenidos indican que no hubo relación entre los morfotipos microbianos y los diferentes valores del índice de sangramiento gingival.Thirty periodontal sites presenting with gingivitis and 30 with periodontitis were studied with the aim of determining the relation between gingival bleeding and microflora present in gingivitis and periodontitis. Patients selected for the study did not present with a history of systemic diseases and received neither antimicrobial medication nor periodontal treatment during the last 6 months, in the case of women it was required that they were not pregnant. The sample was taken in the teeth chosen in compliance with the requirements established; then the sample was immediately examined in the dark field microscope. Results obtained suggest that there was no relationship between microbial morphological types and the different values of the gingival bleeding index.

  1. Enfermedad acido-peptica

    OpenAIRE

    Echavarría, Hector Raúl; Fundación Valle de Lili; Mendoza, Alfredo

    1999-01-01

    ¿En qué consisten las enfermedades que se denominan con el término genérico de enfermedad acido-péptica?/ ¿Cuáles son sus síntomas?/ ¿Cómo se comporta la enfermedad acido-péptica y cuáles son sus causas?/ ¿Cómo se evitan estas enfermedades y como se tratan?

  2. Diagnóstico por el laboratorio de las enfermedades periodontales y periimplantarias

    OpenAIRE

    Bullon, Pedro

    2003-01-01

    Desde el punto de vista epidemiológico la enfermedad periodontal tiene una enorme trascendencia. El diagnóstico del proceso es una necesidad para, con arreglo a él, realizar el tratamiento y la prevención mas propiada. El enfoque del diagnóstico depende del concepto que sobre la patogenia se tiene en un momento dado. Desde esa perspectiva se hace un análisis de los distintos métodos de diagnóstico que existen. Se llega a la conclusión de que actualmente el método clínico, mediante el sonda...

  3. Detección y prevalencia de patógenos periodontales de una población con periodontitis crónica en Uruguay mediante metodología convencional y metagenómica

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    Virginia Papone

    Full Text Available Resumen Las enfermedades periodontales son un significativo problema mundial a nivel de salud humana. Décadas de investigaciones, evidencian que en la mayoría de los casos la periodontitis crónica es la más común, caracterizada por ser de evolución lenta, con formación de bolsas periodontales, posterior reabsorción del hueso alveolar, pérdida y destrucción de piezas dentarias y tejido óseo. Si bien se reconoce el origen multifactorial en el desarrollo de la periodontitis, es relevante la participación de la microbiota subgingival en la etiología de la enfermedad periodontal. Algunas de las especies bacterianas patógenas que han sido asociadas con el desarrollo de la enfermedad periodontal son Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Tannerella forsythia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, entre otras. En este estudio, nos propusimos investigar cuáles de éstas cinco especies estaban presentes en las bolsas periodontales de 51 pacientes uruguayos con periodontitis crónica. Para alcanzar éste objetivo se utilizó una técnica convencional microbiológica y metagenómica (multiplex-PCR. Los resultados de la técnica convencional microbiológica evidenciaron la presencia de A. actinomycetemcomitans (33% y de bacterias negras pigmentadas anaerobias (100% en las muestras. De los resultados obtenidos en la multiplex-PCR, se demostró que las especies de mayor prevalencia fueron F. nucleatum (100%, T. forsythia (92% y P. gingivalis (88%. Por el contrario, las especies de menor prevalencia fueron P. intermedia (39% y A. actinomycetemcomitans (33%

  4. Rol de las células T regulatorias en esclerosis múltiple Role of T-regulatory cells in multiple sclerosis

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    Juan Ignacio Rojas

    2010-02-01

    Full Text Available La esclerosis múltiple (EM es una enfermedad inflamatoria autoinmune desmielinizante del sistema nervioso central (SNC. La mayoría de las enfermedades autoinmunes se originan por la activación anormal de la respuesta inflamatoria contra auto-antígenos (la mayoría de ellos desconocidos a la fecha como consecuencia de la pérdida de la tolerancia periférica. Las células T-regulatorias constituyen un grupo esencial de linfocitos T encargados del mantenimiento de la tolerancia periférica, la prevención de enfermedades autoinmunes y la limitación de enfermedades inflamatorias crónicas. Teniendo en cuenta la importancia de la tolerancia periférica, las células T-regulatorias serían componentes cruciales en el escenario fisiopatológico de los procesos autoinmunes, incluyendo la EM. El presente trabajo recopila los conocimientos actuales sobre la función de las células T-regulatorias en la EM, la enfermedad autoinmune desmielinizante del SNC más prevalente en los seres humanos.Multiple sclerosis (MS is an autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS. Most of autoimmune diseases arise by an abnormal activation of the inflammatory response against self-antigens (most of them unknown up to date as a consequence of dysfunction in peripheral tolerance. Regulatory T-cells are essential for maintaining peripheral tolerance, preventing autoimmune diseases and limiting chronic inflammatory conditions. Based on that knowledge, T-regulatory cells have emerged as a key component of the physiopathology of autoimmune diseases including MS. This review compiles the current knowledge on the role and function of T-regulatory cells in MS, the most prevalent CNS autoimmune disease in humans.

  5. Actualización en el tratamiento de la neuropatía óptica inflamatoria desmielinizante Updating on the treatment of the demyelinating inflammatory optical neuropathy

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    Yaimara Hernández Silva

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica con el objetivo de proporcionar una actualización de las drogas que se emplean para retrasar la aparición de esclerosis múltiple en el manejo de la neuropatía óptica inflamatoria desmielinizante. El artículo presenta el origen y la justificación de la terapia esteroidea en este grupo de enfermedad, así como los mecanismos de acción y beneficios de tratamientos más modernos como los inmunomoduladores e inmunosupresores. El trabajo también introduce muchas de las drogas con efectos neuroprotectores que se encuentran en fases experimentales, cuyo uso prevendría la neurodegeneración que se produce a nivel de las células ganglionares retinianas en esta enfermedad neurológica. Las opciones terapéuticas actuales ofrecen variantes de tratamiento adicionales a pacientes con mayores probabilidades de desarrollo de esclerosis múltiple y retrasan la aparición de un segundo brote, así como las secuelas invalidantes que esta suele originar.A bibliographic review was conducted to provide an updating of drugs used to retard the appearance of multiple sclerosis in the management of the demyelinating inflammatory optical neuropathy. Present paper shows the origin and the justification of the steroid therapy in this disease, as well as the mechanisms of action and benefits of more recent treatments, e.g. the ongoing immunomodulations and immunosuppressive ones and also to introduce many drugs in experimental phase having neuroprotection effects whose use will prevent the neurodegenerative effect produced at level of the retinal ganglion cells in this neurologic disease. The current therapeutical options offer variants of additional treatment to those patients with greater possibilities to development multiple sclerosis and retarding the appearance of a second outbreak, as well as its disabling sequelae.

  6. Papel de la proteína C reactiva en las enfermedades cardiovasculares

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    Fernando Manzur, MD., FACC

    2011-08-01

    Full Text Available La proteína C-reactiva (PCR, un marcador sensible de inflamación, es un predictor independiente de enfermedad cardiovascular futura (ECV, que es una de las principales causas de muerte en todo el mundo. El papel de la inflamación en esta entidad ha sido bien documentado en la última década, y se ha demostrado inflamación en todas las fases de la aterosclerosis, desde el inicio y el crecimiento, hasta la ruptura de la placa. La PCR es una proteína de fase aguda, altamente sensible como marcador de inflamación general. En estudios experimentales, se ha determinado la presencia de PCR en arterias que presentan lesiones ateroscleróticas. También se ha demostrado que, en forma directa, la PCR induce la producción de otras células inflamatorias y que disminuye la expresión de la óxido nítrico sintetasa. Es decir, desde el punto de vista biológico, la PCR participa en el proceso aterogénico. En adultos, la PCR, detectada con técnicas ultrasensibles (PCRus, se asocia con los factores de riesgo tradicionales y su concentración predice eventos cardiovasculares.

  7. Evaluación periodontal de pacientes portadores de diabetes mellitus Periodontal evaluation of patients with diabetes mellitus.

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    Carlos Rogério Ribeiro Fontanini

    2006-08-01

    Full Text Available Los portadores de diabetes mellitus presentan manifestaciones sistémicas que pueden interferir en la atención odontológica. El riesgo de periodontitis aumenta cuando el paciente está descompensado metabólicamente. El objetivo de nuestra investigación fue evaluar las condiciones periodontales relacionadas en pacientes con diabetes mellitus. Se examinaron 57 pacientes portadores de diabetes. Las condiciones periodontales fueron evaluadas por el índice CPITN. Se constató un inadecuado control metabólico, pues 38 pacientes (66,67 % se encontraban con niveles glicémicos alterados. Se evaluaron en total 342 sextantes y 49 fueron considerados válidos para examen. Los códigos 0 y 1 estuvieron representados por un paciente cada uno; el código 2 fue observado en 11 sextantes examinados; el código 3 en 18 y el código 4 en 22 de estos. Concluimos que la enfermedad periodontal es muy severa en diabéticos. En función de las manifestaciones bucales encontradas en esos pacientes, podemos sugerir que individuos portadores de diabetes mellitus representan un grupo especial que requiere medidas odontológicas preventivas y terapéuticas específicas.Diabetes mellitus carriers show systemic manifestations that may interfere with odontological care. The risk of periodontitis increases with metabolic decompensation of a patient. The objective of our research work was to evaluate the periodontal condition in patients with diabetes mellitus. Fifty seven diabetic patients were examined. CPITN index served to assess the periodontal conditions. It was established that metabolic control was inadequate since 38 patients (66,67% presented with altered glycemic levels. Three hundred and forty two sextants were assessed, 49 of which were considered valid for test. Codes 0 and 1 were represented by one patient each; code 2 was observed in 11 analyzed sextants; code 3 in 18 and code 4 in 22. We concluded that periodontal disease is very severe in diabetics

  8. NECESIDADES DE TRATAMIENTO PERIODONTAL EN UNA POBLACIÓN DE PACIENTES FUMADORES JÓVENES

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    Jenny Hortencia Fuentes Sánchez

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available   Normal 0 21 false false false ES-CO X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} El tabaquismo como factor de riesgo en enfermedad periodontal ha sido evaluado durante muchos años, encontrándose una relación directa. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, con el objetivo de determinar la necesidad de tratamiento periodontal de una población de adultos jóvenes fumadores que ingresa a primer semestre de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia. En el examen odontológico, se seleccionaron  adultos jóvenes fumadores y  adultos jóvenes no fumadores. Así mismo, se realizo el examen clínico periodontal con base en el Índice de Necesidad de Tratamiento Periodontal de las Comunidades. El total de los adultos jóvenes que participaron en el estudio fueron ciento treinta y nueve. Entre ellos encontramos setenta adultos jóvenes fumadores y sesenta y nueve adultos jóvenes no fumadores.  Al evaluar las Necesidades de Tratamiento en el grupo  fumadores encontramos que 86% presenta NT: 2 ,9% presenta  NT: 3 ,4% presenta  NT: 1 ,1% presenta NT: 0. Al evaluar las Necesidades de Tratamiento Periodontal en el grupo de no fumadores, encontramos que el 86% presenta NT: 2; 14% presenta NT: 1. En la necesidad de tratamiento de los adultos jóvenes fumadores, el 86% (NT: 2 presenta necesidad en educación en higiene oral

  9. Exploración del conocimiento sobre cuidados paliativos en el Centro de Reumatología

    OpenAIRE

    López Mantecón, Ana Marta; Machado Vázquez, Lázaro Iván; Hernández Quintero, Odalys; Arvelo Figueredo, Mónica; González Hernández, Ciro; Reyes Méndez, María Cristina

    2014-01-01

    Los cuidados paliativos se conocen como cuidados intensivos de confort. Procuran facilitar lo que sea capaz de reducir o evitar el sufrimiento, así como proporcionar calidad de vida. La medicina paliativa presenta hoy en día una visión amplia que incluye a enfermos con diagnóstico reciente de cáncer avanzado, a pacientes con enfermedad crónica avanzada de un órgano y enfermedades degenerativas como las inflamatorias del tejido conectivo, que constituyen un grupo de enfermedades que tienen el ...

  10. Tratamientos más utilizados en la colitis ulcerativa

    OpenAIRE

    Daisy Carbajal-Quintana

    2015-01-01

    Teniendo en cuenta la importancia de la colitis ulcerativa, el objetivo de esta revisión consiste en la aproximación al manejo de enfermedad haciendo énfasis en los tratamientos. La colitis ulcerativa (CU) es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica caracterizada por la inflamación de la mucosa del colon y el recto. Es una enfermedad multifactorial, con una interacción compleja de factores genéticos y ambientales. Los síntomas más frecuentes son diarrea, dolor abdominal y...

  11. Fisiopatología de la placa de ateroma

    OpenAIRE

    Jesús Gómez, Mª Teresa de; San Román Montero, Jesús Mª

    2013-01-01

    La aterosclerosis ha pasado de ser considerada una enfermedad de depósito y degenerativa a ser entendida como una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica que da lugar a un episodio clínico agudo como resultado de la complicación de una placa de ateroma. La inflamación actúa en todas las fases de la aterosclerosis, desde su inicio hasta sus últimas complicaciones como la trombosis. Medicina y Cirugía

  12. Prevalencia y gravedad de las periodontopatías en adultos jóvenes del municipio Artemisa en relación con la práctica del tabaquismo Prevalence and severity of periodontal diseases in young adults of Artemisa municipality in relation to smoking.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eladio Miguel Traviesas Herrera

    2007-06-01

    Full Text Available Las periodontopatías inmunoinflamatorias crónicas son una de las enfermedades que más prevalecen en la actualidad. Asociadas a estas se encuentra como factor de riesgo el tabaquismo. Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal en adultos jóvenes fumadores comprendidos entre 15 y 29 años que acudieron al Servicio de Estomatología del P.P.U. (Policlínico “Adrián Sansarico”, del municipio Artemisa desde septiembre 2005 hasta febrero 2006, con la finalidad de identificar la prevalencia de la enfermedad periodontal. Se agruparon los individuos atendiendo a la edad, estado periodontal y cantidad de cigarrillos que consumen diariamente. Se llevó a cabo la realización de una encuesta y el examen bucal a todos los que aprobaron formar parte de la muestra; se aplicó el índice periodontal de Russell revisado por la OMS. Existe un comportamiento similar en los registros de fumadores y no fumadores en nuestra muestra. La prevalencia de la enfermedad periodontal es del 100 % en los examinados fumadores, no así en la población no fumadora. En nuestro estudio pudimos determinar que la intensidad del tabaquismo aumenta a medida que se incrementa la edad de los examinados, así como que el estado periodontal de los fumadores se deteriora en correspondencia con la intensidad de esta práctica. El estado periodontal de los fumadores está más comprometido en los fumadores con respecto a los no fumadores.Chronic immuno-inflammatory periodontal diseases are one of nowadays more prevalent diseases. Associated to above is the smoking as risk factor. A cross, descriptive and observational study was conducted in smokers young adults aged 15-29, seen in Stomatology Emergency (“Adrián Sansarico” Polyclinic in Artemisa municipality from September 2005 to February 2006, to identify prevalence of periodontal disease. By age, periodontal status, cigarettes smoked a day subjects were grouped. A survey and a oral examination were

  13. Patología infecciosa: vulvovaginitis, enfermedades de transmisión sexual, enfermedad inflamatoria pélvica, abscesos tubo-ováricos Infectious pathology: vulvovaginitis, sexually transmitted diseases, pelvic inflammatory disease, tubo-ovarian abscesses

    OpenAIRE

    M. Ibarrola; J. Benito; B. Azcona; N. Zubeldía

    2009-01-01

    Las enfermedades de transmisión sexual son aquellas en las que la principal vía de infección es el contacto íntimo. Son numerosas las pacientes que acuden a urgencias por esta causa, tanto por la clínica como por las implicaciones sociales. Los síntomas más frecuentes son dolor abdominal bajo, sangrados vaginales, o flujo vaginal excesivo o molesto. Las vulvovaginitis son uno de los problemas principales en la práctica clínica diaria del ginecólogo. La úlcera genital cuya etiología principal ...

  14. Epidemiología de las Enfermedades Periodontales en el Uruguay. Pasado y presente.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ernesto Andrade

    Full Text Available Resumen El objetivo del artículo fue realizar una revisión sobre la Enfermedad Periodontal en Uruguay. Fueron consultadas bases de datos internacionales (PUBMED, SCOPUS, EBSCO, SciELO. Paralelamente la búsqueda abarcó fuentes nacionales (Biblioteca Nacional de Odontología, Centro de documentación de la Facultad de Odontología, Ministerio de Salud Pública, Dirección Nacional de Sanidad de las Fuerzas Armadas, complementado por búsqueda manual. Los estudios hallados aportaron información epidemiológica útil, además de permitir un repaso histórico sobre conceptos de epidemiología, etio-patogenía y corrientes hegemónicas de la periodoncia. La Enfermedad Gingival representa la patología más prevalente, mientras que los cuadros periodontales destructivos afectan fundamentalmente a los adultos. La edad, el origen geográfico, la clase social y el hábito de fumar son indicadores fuertemente asociados con dichos trastornos. De la lectura pormenorizada de los artículos recopilados se plantean sugerencias a ser consideradas en los próximos relevamientos epidemiológicos.

  15. Enfermedades de notificación obligatoria

    OpenAIRE

    Instituto Nacional de Salud

    2008-01-01

    Presenta datos estadísticos de Enfermedades inmunoprevenibles como: Rubéola y sarampión, Tos ferina, Influenza A H1N1; Enfermedades transmitidas por vectores como: Dengue, Fiebre amarilla, Enfermedad de Carrión, Leismaniosis; Enfermedades zoonóticas como: Rabia anima y por último enfermedades de Transmisión sexual como: VIH - SIDA

  16. Enfermedades de notificación obligatoria

    OpenAIRE

    Instituto Nacional de Salud

    2009-01-01

    Presenta datos estadísticos de Enfermedades inmunoprevenibles como: Rubéola y sarampión, Tos ferina, Influenza A H1N1; Enfermedades transmitidas por vectores como: Dengue, Fiebre amarilla, Enfermedad de Carrión, Leismaniosis; Enfermedades zoonóticas como: Rabia animal y por último enfermedades de Transmisión sexual como: VIH - SIDA

  17. Enfermedades de notificación obligatoria

    OpenAIRE

    Instituto Nacional de Salud

    2008-01-01

    Presenta datos estadísticos de Enfermedades inmunoprevenibles como: Rubéola y sarampión, Tos ferina, Influenza A H1N1; Enfermedades transmitidas por vectores como: Dengue, Fiebre amarilla, Enfermedad de Carrión, Leismaniosis; Enfermedades zoonóticas como: Rabia animal y por último enfermedades de Transmisión sexual como: VIH - SIDA

  18. Enfermedades de notificación obligatoria

    OpenAIRE

    Instituto Nacional de Salud

    2005-01-01

    Presenta enfermedades inmunoprevenibles como: Sarampión y rubéola, Tos Ferina; Enfermedades trnasmitidas por vectores: dengue, Fiebre amarilla, Leismaniosis; Enfermedades de transmisión sexual: VIH/SIDA; Enfermedades zoonóticas: rabia animal

  19. Enfermedades de notificación obligatoria

    OpenAIRE

    Instituto Nacional de Salud

    2009-01-01

    Artículo online Presenta datos estadísticos de Enfermedades inmunoprevenibles como: Rubéola y sarampión, Tos ferina, Influenza A H1N1; Enfermedades transmitidas por vectores como: Dengue, Fiebre amarilla, Enfermedad de Carrión, Leismaniosis; Enfermedades zoonóticas como: Rabia animal y por último enfermedades de Transmisión sexual como: VIH - SIDA

  20. Enfermedades de notificación obligatoria

    OpenAIRE

    Instituto Nacional de Salud

    2011-01-01

    Presenta datos estadísticos de las enfermedades inmunoprevenibles como: Rubéola y sarampión, Tos ferina, Influenza A H1N1; enfermedades transmitidas por vectores como: Dengue, Fiebre amarilla, Enfermedad de Carrión, Leismaniosis; enfermedades zoonóticas como: Rabia animal y Rabia humana y por último enfermedades de Transmisión sexual como: VIH - SIDA

  1. Desarrollo de una Sonda de ADN de Origen Plasmídico para la identificación y detección de Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

    OpenAIRE

    Torres Sánchez, María José

    2016-01-01

    Neisseria gonorrhoeae, es el agente causal de la gonococia, enfermedad de transmisión sexual reconocida como una de las causas principales de morbilidad en muchas zonas del mundo (Donegan, 1985). La gonococia es a menudo recurrente y ocasionalmente produce complicaciones, como la enfermedad inflamatoria pélvica –causa de embarazos ectópicos e infertilidad--, la infección gonocócica diseminada y la epididimitis, entre otras. Ya que el diagnós...

  2. Enfermedades de notificación obligatoria

    OpenAIRE

    Instituto Nacional de Salud

    2010-01-01

    Artículo online Presenta datos estadísticos de Enfermedades inmunoprevenibles como: Rubéola y sarampión, Tos ferina, Influenza A H1N1; Enfermedades transmitidas por vectores como: Dengue, Fiebre amarilla, Enfermedad de Carrión, Leismaniosis; Enfermedades zoonóticas como: Rabia animal y Rabia humana y por último enfermedades de Transmisión sexual como: VIH - SIDA

  3. Reabsorción radicular inflamatoria en sujetos con tratamiento ortodóntico. Cartagena (Colombia

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    Farith González Martínez

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Determinar la ocurrencia de Reabsorción Radicular Inflamatoria en sujetos sometidos a movimiento dental con cuatro técnicas de ortodoncia. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de cohorte con seguimiento a un año, evaluando la reabsorción radicular inflamatoria con cuatro técnicas de ortodoncia, a partir de la escala de Levander and Malmgren. Las mediciones se realizaron en 176 dientes, usando tres radiografías periapicales por participante cada tres meses. Los datos fueron analizados a través de proporciones de incidencia. El Riesgo Relativo se utilizó para la asociación entre la presencia de reabsorción y la técnica de ortodoncia, con intervalos de confianza del 95 %. Para la significancia estadística se aplicaron los test de Kruskal Wallis, Mc-Nemar y Fischer. Se realizó un análisis multivariable por regresión logística. Resultados: La incidencia de Reabsorción Radicular fue del 68,2 %, presentándose a los nueve y doce meses. Se observaron cambios radiculares con grado 1 en 8,5 % de los dientes y grado 2 con 2,8 %, siendo laterales los de mayor proporción (6,3%. En los dientes sometidos a la técnica de Arco de canto se encontró un riesgo 3,3 veces mayor en comparación con las técnicas pre-ajustadas. Conclusiones: Existe Reabsorción Radicular en los dientes sometidos a movimiento dental durante el tratamiento de ortodoncia, sin embargo, estos cambios se consideran leves y dependen de la biomecánica utilizada en cada técnica.

  4. Enfermedad de Kawasaki

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    Carlos Coronel Carvajal

    2003-09-01

    Full Text Available Se realizó una revisión actualizada de la enfermedad de Kawasaki, con el objetivo de familiarizar a pediatras y médicos de la familia con los elementos clínicos de la enfermedad, para que de esta manera pueda ser diagnosticada y manejada oportunamente. La enfermedad de Kawasaki fue descrita por Tomisaki Kawasaki en 1967, y se manifiesta como un síndrome febril en la niñez temprana. La enfermedad se diagnostica con mayor frecuencia en los menores de 5 años, a través de una serie de criterios clínicos establecidos. La forma típica de la enfermedad tiene 3 fases de duración variable. La afectación cardíaca es la manifestación más importante de la enfermedad, del 10 al 40 % de los niños muestran signos de vasculitis coronaria, manifestada por aneurismas de las arterias coronarias.An updated review of Kawasaki disease was carried out to make pediatricians and family physicians familiar with the clinical elements of the disease so that it can be properly diagnosed and managed. Kawasaki disease was described by Tomisaki Kawasaki in 1967 and manifests as a febrile syndrome at early childhood. The disease is very often diagnosed in under five years-old children on the basis of a series of set clinical criteria. The typical form of the disease had 3 phases of variable duration. The cardiac effect is the most important manifestation of the disease since 10 to 40 % of children show signs of coronary vasculitis in the form of coronary arterial aneurysms.

  5. Liquen plano bucal. Presentación de un caso

    OpenAIRE

    Sánchez Gay, Juana María; Artze Caballero, Maritza; Artze Caballero, Guillermo

    2016-01-01

    El liquen plano es una enfermedad inflamatoria, eruptiva de la piel, pruriginosa, de marcha crónica o subaguda que puede involucrar las mucosas, sobre todo la bucal. Su etiología es desconocida, se relaciona con estímulos subjetivos (estados nerviosos, depresivos). Se mencionan también como posibles causas: las infecciones, los trastornos metabólicos y endocrinos, recientemente se ha considerado que la enfermedad puede presentar una reacción de hipersensibilidad retardada. El caso clínico del...

  6. “CARACTERÍSTICAS EPIDEMIOLÓGICAS Y CALIDAD DE VIDA DE LOS PACIENTES CON ESCLEROSIS MÚLTIPLE DEL HGR NO. 1 DELEGACIÓN MICHOACÁN”

    OpenAIRE

    Cano Segundo, Eunice Dayen

    2012-01-01

    Introducción: La Esclerosis Múltiple (EM) es una enfermedad inflamatoria y desmielinizante del Sistema Nervioso Central, se presenta en adultos jóvenes ocasionando discapacidad, repercutiendo en su Calidad de Vida (CdV), que se define como la percepción del impacto global de la enfermedad y su tratamiento en los pacientes. Objetivo: Conocer características epidemiológicas y calidad de vida de pacientes con Esclerosis Múltiple Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo y tran...

  7. Efficacy of intravenous iron in treating iron deficiency anaemia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: Are there predictors of response? Eficacia del hierro intravenoso en el tratamiento de la anemia ferropénica en pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal: ¿Existen factores predictivos de respuesta?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rocío Ferreiro Iglesias

    2011-05-01

    Full Text Available Introduction: in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD iron deficiency anaemia (IDA is a very common disorder. Until recently, oral iron has been the mainstay therapy, nevertheless it has been associated with intolerance and noncompliance. Therefore, the goal of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of intravenous iron in IDA in IBD patients and the secondary aim was to investigate whether other potential factors could influence in the response to the treatment. Design: an open-label, prospective, consecutive, single centre study. Material and methods: we performed our study in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC or Crohn's disease (CD with severe anaemia or intolerance with oral iron. All of them received intravenous sacarose iron and did biochemistry profile with haemoglobin (Hb. Moreover, the correlation with other variables was studied: age, sex, smoking habit, IBD type, previous surgery and type of surgery and other treatments. Response was defined as Hb increase of ≥ 2 g/dL or normalization of the levels. Results: fifty-four patients were included into the study, 34 (63% with UC y 20 (37% with CD, 18 (33.3% men and 36 women (66.6% and the average was 48 ± 14 years. The total proportion of responders was 52% (SD ± 05; 43% of the patients reached Hb ≥ 2 g/dl and y 9% of them normalized Hb. Only the utilization of 5-ASA was associated with low response to iron treatment (p Introducción: la anemia por déficit de hierro es un problema frecuente en la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII. Un número no despreciable de pacientes no responde o presenta intolerancia al hierro oral. El objetivo de nuestro estudio es evaluar la eficacia del hierro sacarosa intravenoso (Venofer® en los pacientes con EII así como los potenciales factores que pueden influir en la respuesta al mismo. Diseño: estudio abierto, unicéntrico y con una inclusión consecutiva de casos. Material y métodos: se incluyeron pacientes con colitis ulcerosa (CU y enfermedad

  8. Enfermedad periodontal: ¿es factor de riesgo para parto pretérmino, bajo peso al nacer o preeclampsia? Periodontal disease: is it a risk factor for premature labor, low birth weight or preeclampsia?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Luis Castaldi

    2006-04-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Evaluar si la enfermedad periodontal (EP constituye un factor de riesgo de parto pretérmino, bajo peso al nacer o preeclampsia y si hay alguna relación entre las formas clínicas de la EP y los resultados obstétricos mencionados. MÉTODOS: Estudio analítico, transversal y prospectivo de todas las mujeres que tuvieron su parto en el Hospital Dr. José Penna, de la ciudad de Bahía Blanca, Argentina, entre el 1.º de febrero y el 18 de julio de 2003 y entre el 1.º de marzo y el 31 de mayo de 2004. A las mujeres que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión (ser mayor de 18 años, tener al menos 18 dientes, no ser diabética y que los hijos hubieran sobrevivido al parto se les practicó un examen odontológico en busca de hemorragia al sondaje, movilidad dentaria o inflamación gingival y se realizaron mediciones clínicas de la pérdida de inserción. Se calcularon las razones de posibilidades (odds ratios, RP con sus intervalos de confianza del 95% (IC95% y se ajustaron los resultados por las variables "ser fumadora" y "tener anemia". RESULTADOS: Se registraron 2 003 nacimientos, correspondientes a 1 982 partos. Se excluyeron 420 (21,2% mujeres por no cumplir los criterios de inclusión o por no poder realizárseles el diagnóstico odontológico previsto. De las 1 562 mujeres evaluadas, 809 (51,8% presentaban alguna de las afecciones buscadas; de ellas, 274 (17,5% padecían EP grave y 535 (34,3% tenían gingivitis. En total, 149 (9,5% partos fueron pretérmino, en 161 (10,3% nacieron niños con bajo peso y en 157 (10,0% se presentaron casos de preeclampsia. No se observó asociación alguna entre la EP y el parto pretérmino (RP = 1,06; IC95%: 0,74 a 1,50, el bajo peso al nacer (RP = 1,05; IC95%: 0,74 a 1,47 y la preeclampsia (RP = 0,99; IC95%: 0,70 a 1,40. El riesgo de dar a luz un niño con bajo peso al nacer en el subgrupo de fumadoras de más de 10 cigarrillos diarios fue mayor en las que tenían enfermedad periodontal grave que

  9. Efficiency of nonsurgical periodontal therapy in moderate chronic periodontitis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mlachkova, Antoaneta M; Popova, Christina L

    2014-01-01

    Chronic periodontitis is defined as an inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of teeth caused by microorganisms in the dental biofilm, resulting in progressive destruction of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone with pocket formation and gingival recession. Treatment of chronic periodontitis aims at arresting the inflammation and stopping the loss of attachment by removal and control of the supra- and subgingival biofilm and establishing a local environment and microflora compatible with periodontal health. The AIM of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of non-surgical therapy (scaling and root planning) in the treatment of moderate chronic periodontitis. The study included 30 patients aged between 33 and 75 years, of which 46.7% women and 53.3% men, diagnosed with moderate and, at some sites, severe periodontitis. They were treated with non-surgical periodontal therapy methods (scaling and root planning and curettage if indicated). Additionally, chemical plaque control with rinse water containing chlorhexidine was applied. The diagnostic and reassessment procedures included measuring the periodontal indices of 601 periodontal units before and after the therapy. The indices measured were the papillary bleeding index (PBI), the hygiene index (HI), the probing pocket depth (PPD) and the clinical attachment level (CAL). Significant reduction of plaque and gingival inflammation was found in all treated patients; we also found a statistically significant reduction of periodontal pockets with clinically measured depth 5 mm did not show statistically significant lower incidence rates probably due to the initially small percentage of deep pockets in the patients studied. There was a statistically significant reduction of all sites with attachment loss, the highest significance found at sites where the attachment loss was greater than 5 mm. The results of the study suggest that nonsurgical periodontal therapy is effective in managing the moderate

  10. Experiencia con rituximab en miopatía inflamatoria idiopática refractaria

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elmer R. García-Salazar

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available Se describe las características clínicas y de laboratorio de dos pacientes que recibieron rituximab por miopatía inflamatoria idiopática (MII. Ellas eran refractarias a tratamiento convencional con DARMES, por lo que recibieron rituximab 1 gramo cada 14 días, en dos infusiones en ciclo semestral. En las historias clínicas se obtuvo los datos clínicos de fuerza muscular proximal, lesiones cutáneas patognomónicas, elevación de CPK, TGO, DHL y VSG, resultados de electromiografía, biopsia muscular y de piel. Ninguno de los dos casos presentó reacción medicamentosa ni infecciones durante y posterior a las infusiones. Rituximab mostró efectividad en la respuesta clínica y enzimática en estas pacientes con dermatomiositis refractarias a corticoides y DARMES tradicionales.

  11. Papel de las mitocondrias y el estrés oxidativo en el proceso inflamatorio renal

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Walter Manucha

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available La muerte celular programada y la fibrosis renal son procesos inherentes a la enfermedad renal crónica y, en tal sentido, ha sido recientemente descripta una clara desregulación de la maquinaria respiratoria mitocondrial en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica asociada con un aumento del estrés oxidativo. Las células tubulares lesionadas vinculadas a los macrófagos intersticiales y miofibroblastos producen citoquinas y factores de crecimiento que promueven un estado inflamatorio, inducen la apoptosis de las células tubulares y facilitan la acumulación de matriz extracelular. La angiotensina II desempeña un papel central en la fibrogénesis renal y conduce a una rápida progresión de la enfermedad renal crónica. Los niveles crecientes de la angiotensina II inducen citoquinas pro-inflamatorias, la activación de NF-kB, moléculas de adhesión, quimiocinas, factores de crecimiento y estrés oxidativo. Toda la evidencia actual sugiere que la angiotensina II aumenta el estrés oxidativo mitocondrial, regula la inducción de apoptosis y condiciona al estado inflamatorio. Por lo tanto, existiría un papel determinante de las mitocondrias y el estrés oxidativo en el proceso inflamatorio renal. Finalmente, esta revisión resume nuestro actual conocimiento acerca de los posibles mecanismos que contribuirían con la apoptosis modulada por la inflamación y/o el estrés oxidativo durante la enfermedad renal crónica. Además, se propone un nuevo concepto de herramientas anti-inflamatorias que regulan el estrés oxidativo mitocondrial lo cual afectaría directamente al proceso inflamatorio y la apoptosis. Esta idea podría tener consecuencias atractivas sobre el tratamiento de patologías inflamatorias renales y de otras afines.

  12. TUBERCULOSIS COMO ENFERMEDAD OCUPACIONAL

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mendoza-Ticona, Alberto

    2014-01-01

    Existe evidencia suficiente para declarar a la tuberculosis como enfermedad ocupacional en diversos profesionales especialmente entre los trabajadores de salud. En el Perú están normados y reglamentados los derechos laborales inherentes a la tuberculosis como enfermedad ocupacional, como la cobertura por discapacidad temporal o permanente. Sin embargo, estos derechos aún no han sido suficientemente socializados. En este trabajo se presenta información sobre el riesgo de adquirir tuberculosis en el lugar de trabajo, se revisan las evidencias para declarar a la tuberculosis como enfermedad ocupacional en trabajadores de salud y se presenta la legislación peruana vigente al respecto. PMID:22858771

  13. Periimplantitis

    OpenAIRE

    Sánchez Garcés, Ma. Ángeles; Gay Escoda, Cosme

    2004-01-01

    La rehabilitación bucodentaria mediante implantes proporciona un porcentaje de éxito muy elevado. En este trabajo se describen algunas de las complicaciones de esta técnica, como la enfermedad periimplantaria y, dentro de ella, la periimplantitis, una reacción inflamatoria donde coexiste, junto con la inflamación, una pérdida del soporte óseo del implante. La etiología de la enfermedad está condicionada por el estado del tejido periimplantario, el diseño del implante, el desajuste de sus comp...

  14. Papel del estrés en la etiopatogenia de la Enfermedad Periodontal The role of stress in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease

    OpenAIRE

    G Barbieri Petrelli; L Mateos Ramírez; Bascones Martínez

    2003-01-01

    En el carácter crónico de la periodontitis está determinada la influencia de condiciones o factores de riesgo en la progresión de este cuadro patológico. Entre éstas se encuentran diabetes, tabaco, desórdenes genéticos, etc. Recientemente, diversos estudios han intentado relacionar el estrés psicológico a la prevalencia y progresión de la EP, con distintos resultados en función de la población estudiada, así como de la capacidad de aislar este posible factor de riesgo de otros que pudieran in...

  15. Hyperhomocysteinemia and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677C→T and 1298A→C mutations in patients with inflammatory bowel disease Hiperhomocisteinemia y mutaciones de la metilentetrahidrofolato reductasa 677C→T y 1298A→C en pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    C. Fernández-Miranda

    2005-07-01

    Full Text Available Background: hyperhomocysteinemia has been recently described in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD, that could be related to the increased risk for thrombosis that exists in this disease. The aim of this study was the assessment of hyperhomocysteinemia in patients with IBD and its relation among vitamin B12 and folate levels, and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR 677C→ T and 1298A→C mutations. Patients and methods: fifty two consecutive patients with IBD were studied (29 women and 23 men; age: mean (standard deviation 41.7 [11.9] years and 186 controls with no difference in age and gender. Hyperhomocysteinemia was considered as homocysteine levels higher than mean plus two standard deviations of the control group (≥ 13 μmol/l. Results: patients had an elevated prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia (17.3 vs. 3.7%; p = 0.002 and lower folate (7.6 [4.1] vs. 8.9 [3.7] ng/ml; p = 0.01 and B12 vitamin levels (499 [287] vs. 603 [231] pg/ml; p = 0.003. Homocysteinemia was higher (14.3 [5.8] vs. 9.1 [3.9] μmol/l; p = 0.006 in 6 patients (11.5% that had suffered thromboembolism. Frequency of MTHFR 677C→T (13.5 vs. 11.3%; p = 0.66 and 1298A→C (7.8 vs. 7.0%; p = 0.76 mutations was not increased in patients. Odds ratio (OR for IBD in hyperhomocysteinemic patient was 5.51, 95% confidence interval (CI, 1.81-16.76; p = 0.002. Hyperhomocysteinemia was negatively associated with feminine gender (OR 0.08, 95% CI 0.01-0.49; p = 0.006 and folate levels (OR 0.04, 95%CI: 0.007-0.20; p Fundamento: recientemente se ha descrito la existencia de hiperhomocisteinemia en la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII, que podría estar relacionada con el mayor riesgo de trombosis en esta enfermedad. El objetivo del estudio ha sido evaluar la hiperhomocisteinemia en los pacientes con EII y su relación con las concentraciones de vitamina B12 y folato séricos y con las mutaciones de la metilentetrahidrofolato reductasa (MTHFR 677C→T y 1298A

  16. Microbiological characteristics of subgingival microbiota in adult periodontitis, localized juvenile periodontitis and rapidly progressive periodontitis subjects.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nonnenmacher, C; Mutters, R; de Jacoby, L F

    2001-04-01

    To describe the prevalence of the cultivable subgingival microbiota in periodontal diseases and to draw attention to the polymicrobial nature of periodontic infections. The study population consisted of 95 patients, 51 females and 44 males, aged 14-62 years. Twenty-nine patients exhibited adult periodontitis (AP), six localized juvenile periodontitis (LJP), and 60 rapidly progressive periodontitis (RPP). Two to four pooled bacterial samples were obtained from each patient. Samples were collected with sterile paper points from the deepest periodontal pockets. The samples were cultured under anaerobic and microaerophilic conditions using selective and non-selective media. Isolates were characterized to species level by conventional biochemical tests and by a commercial rapid test system. Prevotella intermedia and Capnocytophaga spp. were the most frequently detected microorganisms in all diagnostic groups. Porphyromonas gingivalis and Peptostreptococcus micros were found more frequently in AP and RPP patients, while Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Eikenella corrodens were associated with AP, LJP and RPP patients. The other bacterial species, including Actinomyces spp., Streptococcus spp. and Eubacterium spp., were detected at different levels in the three disease groups. The data show the complexity of the subgingival microbiota associated with different periodontal disease groups, indicating that the detection frequency and levels of recovery of some periodontal pathogens are different in teeth affected by different forms of periodontal disease.

  17. Age and oral health: current considerations Edad y salud oral: consideraciones actuales

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    Andrew Tawse-Smith

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available Dental plaque is still considered the main etiological factor for periodontal diseases. Our understanding of periodontal disease has advanced from the previous concepts where gingivitis slowly progressed to periodontitis to a more complex scenario that correlates several risk factors in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Among these factors, age has been associated with increased rates of periodontal disease as the population gets older. Although the loss of alveolar bone and periodontal attachment is common in the elderly population, and there is evident age-related changes in the periodontium, severe periodontitis is not a natural consequence of ageing. The importance of identifying the risk factors that participate in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease at an early phase, both of the individual and the disease, as well as evaluating the capacity of the individual to control dental plaque will enable the implementation of an adequate preventive program, where the needs and limitations of the individual are considered to specifically tailor the oral hygiene procedures and the mouthwashes to be used.La placa dental es aún considerada el factor etiológico primario de la enfermedad periodontal. La etiopatogenia de esta enfermedad ha avanzado del concepto anterior donde una gingivitis progresaba lentamente a una periodontitis, a un escenario más complejo donde varios factores de riesgo se correlacionan. Dentro estos factores, el envejecimiento ha sido asociado con mayores porcentajes de enfermedad periodontal a medida que la población envejece. Aunque la pérdida ósea y de inserción es común en el adulto mayor y los cambios del periodonto son evidentes con la edad, la enfermedad periodontal severa no es una consecuencia natural del envejecimiento. La importancia de identificar en una etapa temprana del individuo y de la enfermedad los factores de riesgo que participan en la patogenesis de la enfermedad periodontal, así como la

  18. Definition of aggressive periodontitis in periodontal research. A systematic review

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Ramírez, Valeria; Hach, Maria; López, Rodrigo

    2018-01-01

    . Consequently, considerable variation in the understanding of aggressive periodontitis can be anticipated. AIM: To systematically asses, the definitions of aggressive periodontitis reported in original periodontal research. METHODS: A systematic review of original research on aggressive periodontitis published.......7% of the publications no information is provided as to how the cases were defined. Many combinations of criteria for case definition were found. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed significant heterogeneity in the understanding and use of the term aggressive periodontitis in original research and poor documentation...

  19. Enfermedad de Chagas en Nicaragua

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    Carlos N. Talavera - López

    2008-04-01

    Full Text Available LA ENFERMEDAD DE CHAGAS ES UN PROBLEMA DE SALUD pública en toda Latinoamérica; alrededor de 20 millones de personas están infectadas y 200 millones están en riesgo de contraer la enfermedad. En 2006, la prevalencia en Centroamérica era del 7%. Actualmente no existe vacuna contra el protozoo y el tratamiento disponible resulta, aparte de poco efectivo, muy tóxico para el paciente. Los programas de control de vectores han ayudado a reducir los índices de infestación en Latinoamérica, pero aún falta mucho por hacer. En Nicaragua, la enfermedad de Chagas está subvalorada y los trabajos publicados son muy pocos. Es necesario investigar sobre esta enfermedad en nuestro país con otro enfoque, uno que no subvalore la enfermedad y ayude a desarrollar métodos diagnósticos y posibles tratamientos. Este artículo recopila información sobre los trabajos realizados porlos grupos más importantes de investigación en Chagas de Nicaragua en cuanto a epidemiología, control vectorial, diagnóstico y caracterización molecular.

  20. Diagnóstico educativo y capacitación periodontal

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    Odalys V Campaña Proenza

    2002-12-01

    Full Text Available Se realizó una investigación en individuos de ambos sexos, mayores de 14 años de edad y pertenecientes al área de salud que atiende la Facultad de Estomatología del ISCM-H, con el objetivo de evaluar un método de diagnóstico y capacitación en salud periodontal. La muestra fue seleccionada al azar y se dividió en 2 grupos (estudio y control. A cada uno de los individuos escogidos se les realizó una encuesta inicial para determinar conocimientos relativos a la enfermedad periodontal (diagnóstico educativo, y se determinó que eran semejantes, pues no se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre ambas. El grupo de estudio se sometió al método educativo propuesto y los resultados de conocimientos obtenidos después de este mostraron diferencias significativas en relación con el diagnóstico educativo. Ambos grupos, que a su inicio eran semejantes, volvieron a encuestarse al año, y se observó que el grupo de estudio seguía manteniendo mejores resultados.A research was made in individuals over 14 of both sexes from the health area receiving attention at the Dental Faculty of the Higher Institute of Medical Sciences of Havana City aimed at evaluating a method of diagnosis and upgrading in periodontal health. The sample was selected at random and it was divided into 2 groups (study and control. An inititial survey was done to every selected individual to determine his knowledge of periodontal disease (diagnostic-educative and it was found that they were similar, since no statistically significant differences were observed between them. The study group was applied the proposed educative method and the results obtained showed marked differences in relation to the educative diagnosis. Both groups that were similar at the beginning were surveyed again a year later and the study group still had better results.

  1. Periodontal abscess during supportive periodontal therapy: a review of the literature.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Silva, Geraldo L M; Soares, Rodrigo V; Zenóbio, Elton G

    2008-09-01

    The aim of this review is to present the current status of the occurrence and management of a periodontal abscess during supportive periodontal therapy (SPT). A periodontal abscess depicts typical features and has been described in patients under SPT in clinical trials. Common periodontal pathogens have been observed in this lesion and some etiologic factors may be responsible for its recurrence. This condition can be isolated or associated with factors that can change the prognosis of affected teeth. Although it has been frequently noticed in untreated periodontitis, the periodontal abscess can also occur in patients under SPT and has been regarded as one of the possible complications of SPT. Patients with a high susceptibility to periodontal disease lost more teeth than those with a healthy periodontium. Early diagnosis and appropriate intervention for periodontal abscesses in patients under SPT are extremely important for the management of the periodontal abscess since this condition can lead to loss of the involved tooth. A single case of a tooth diagnosed with periodontal abscess that responds favorably to adequate treatment does not seem to affect its longevity. An accurate diagnosis and adequate treatment can preserve the longevity of affected teeth.

  2. Periodontitis

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... this page: //medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001059.htm Periodontitis To use the sharing features on this page, please enable JavaScript. Periodontitis is inflammation and infection of the ligaments and ...

  3. Periodontal Disease Part IV: Periodontal Infections

    OpenAIRE

    Turnbull, Robert S.

    1988-01-01

    In Part IV of this article, the author describes two periodontal infections, acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (trench mouth) and periodontal abscess, both acute painful conditions for which patients may seek advice from their family physician rather than their dentist.

  4. The value of colonoscopy to assess rectal bleeding in patients referred from Primary Care Units Utilidad de la colonoscopia en pacientes derivados desde Atención Primaria por rectorragia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    A. Sánchez

    2005-12-01

    Full Text Available Objectives: rectal bleeding is very common in the general population. It is produced mainly because of benign disease originating in the anus and the rectum. Our aim was to evaluate the need for colonoscopy in patients presenting with rectal bleeding. Patients and methods: patients referred from Primary Care Units and complaining of rectal bleeding were included prospectively in a three-month study. All patients underwent a careful medical history along with physical examination, laboratory tests, and colonoscopy. Results: 126 patients with a mean age of 49.2 years (range: 19-80 were studied. Rectal digital examination was abnormal in 75 cases (59.5%. Severe disease was encountered in 22 patients (neoplasm, angiodysplasia, and inflammatory bowel disease; 10 patients had polyps, 6 had colorectal cancer, and 6 had inflammatory bowel disease. Out of 63 patients younger than 50 years, 5 had severe disease, all of them in the form of inflammatory bowel disease. Conclusions: a neoplasm of the rectum and colon in patients younger than 50 years is a rare event. A colonoscopy must be performed in this group of patients to rule out inflammatory bowel disease.Objetivos: la rectorragia es frecuente en la población general. En la mayoría de las ocasiones está producida por patología anorrectal benigna. Nuestro objetivo era determinar la necesidad de realizar pruebas endoscópicas en pacientes con rectorragia. Pacientes y métodos: se incluyeron de forma prospectiva durante tres meses todos los pacientes que eran derivados desde la Atención Primaria por rectorragia. En todos los pacientes se realizó historia clínica y exploración física que incluía tacto rectal, analítica básica y una colonoscopia. Resultados: se incluyeron 126 pacientes con una edad media de 49,2 años (19-80. El tacto rectal fue anormal en 75 (59,5%. En 22 pacientes se encontró patología severa o positiva (lesiones neoplásicas, angiodisplasias y enfermedad inflamatoria

  5. Dental Investigations: Efficiency of Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy in Moderate Chronic Periodontitis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mlachkova Antoaneta M.

    2014-08-01

    Full Text Available INTRODUCTION: Chronic periodontitis is defined as an inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of teeth caused by microorganisms in the dental biofilm, resulting in progressive destruction of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone with pocket formation and gingival recession. Treatment of chronic periodontitis aims at arresting the inflammation and stopping the loss of attachment by removal and control of the supra- and subgingival biofilm and establishing a local environment and microflora compatible with periodontal health. The AIM of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of non-surgical therapy (scaling and root planning in the treatment of moderate chronic periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 30 patients aged between 33 and 75 years, of which 46.7% women and 53.3% men, diagnosed with moderate and, at some sites, severe periodontitis. They were treated with non-surgical periodontal therapy methods (scaling and root planning and curettage if indicated. Additionally, chemical plaque control with rinse water containing chlorhexidine was applied. The diagnostic and reassessment procedures included measuring the periodontal indices of 601 periodontal units before and after the therapy. The indices measured were the papillary bleeding index (PBI, the hygiene index (HI, the probing pocket depth (PPD and the clinical attachment level (CAL. RESULTS: Significant reduction of plaque and gingival inflammation was found in all treated patients; we also found a statistically significant reduction of periodontal pockets with clinically measured depth ⋋ 5 mm (PD ⋋ 5 mm. Pockets with PD > 5 mm did not show statistically significant lower incidence rates probably due to the initially small percentage of deep pockets in the patients studied. There was a statistically significant reduction of all sites with attachment loss, the highest significance found at sites where the attachment loss was greater than 5 mm. CONCLUSION

  6. Patología colorrectal

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    Dr. M. Raúl Acuña

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available En este artículo se abordan las patologías colorrectales más prevalentes en relación a la salud del hombre. Dado lo extenso del tema se han excluído aquellas patologías que comprometiendo este segmento del aparato digestivo también involucran otras áreas de este mismo sistema. Por este motivo nos centraremos en los siguientes problemas: enfermedad diverticular de colon, enfermedades inflamatorias intestinales (colitis ulcerosa idiopática y enfermedad de Crohn, alteraciones por isquemia y compromiso secundario a radioterapia de este segmento del aparato digestivo. El cáncer colorrectal, patología de alta relevancia, no se desarrollará pues recientemente fue revisado en un número de esta misma revista.

  7. Periodontal disease, periodontal treatment and systemic nitric oxide in dogs.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nemec, A; Verstraete, F J M; Jerin, A; Šentjurc, M; Kass, P H; Petelin, M; Pavlica, Z

    2013-06-01

    Thirty-two client-owned dogs treated for periodontal disease were divided in group 1 if no periodontitis, group 2 if ≤25%, and group 3 if >25% of the teeth present were affected with periodontitis. Blood was tested before and 2 weeks after periodontal therapy for nitrosyl hemoglobin (HbNO), plasma nitrite/nitrate (NOx) and 3-nitrotyrosine (NT) levels. No HbNO was detected in any of the animals tested. There was no significant difference in the NOx plasma levels within each group or across the groups before and after the treatment, but a noticeable increase in NOx plasma levels was observed in group 3 after the treatment. Plasma NT was detected in only one third of the animals. NO levels varied greatly across individual dogs. The data are suggestive of an overall increase in systemic NO response 2 weeks after periodontal treatment in dogs with advanced periodontal disease, but the response is greatly individually-dependent. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  8. Treatment of a Periodontic-Endodontic Lesion in a Patient with Aggressive Periodontitis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fahmy, Mina D; Luepke, Paul G; Ibrahim, Mohamed S; Guentsch, Arndt

    2016-01-01

    Case Description. This case report describes the successful management of a left mandibular first molar with a combined periodontic-endodontic lesion in a 35-year-old Caucasian woman with aggressive periodontitis using a concerted approach including endodontic treatment, periodontal therapy, and a periodontal regenerative procedure using an enamel matrix derivate. In spite of anticipated poor prognosis, the tooth lesion healed. This case report also discusses the rationale behind different treatment interventions. Practical Implication. Periodontic-endodontic lesions can be successfully treated if dental professionals follow a concerted treatment protocol that integrates endodontic and periodontic specialties. General dentists can be the gatekeepers in managing these cases.

  9. Treatment of a Periodontic-Endodontic Lesion in a Patient with Aggressive Periodontitis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mina D. Fahmy

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Case Description. This case report describes the successful management of a left mandibular first molar with a combined periodontic-endodontic lesion in a 35-year-old Caucasian woman with aggressive periodontitis using a concerted approach including endodontic treatment, periodontal therapy, and a periodontal regenerative procedure using an enamel matrix derivate. In spite of anticipated poor prognosis, the tooth lesion healed. This case report also discusses the rationale behind different treatment interventions. Practical Implication. Periodontic-endodontic lesions can be successfully treated if dental professionals follow a concerted treatment protocol that integrates endodontic and periodontic specialties. General dentists can be the gatekeepers in managing these cases.

  10. [The clinical study of IgA nephropathy with severe chronic periodontitis and aggressive periodontitis].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cao, Y L; Qiao, M; Xu, Z H; Zou, G M; Ma, L L; Li, W G; Xu, B H

    2016-01-05

    To explore the clinical characteristics of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) with severe chronic periodontitis and aggressive periodontitis. A total of 436 hospitalized patients who underwent renal needle biopsy in the department of nephrology of China-Japan Friendship Hospital from November 2013 to December 2014 were recruited in the study and blindly had periodontal examination. The patients were divided into IgAN group and non-IgAN group according to the renal pathology. The patients with IgAN were further categorized as non-periodontitis, chronic periodontitis and aggressive peridontitis group by Haas classification. The chronic periodontitis group was continually divided into mild, moderate and severe periodontitis group. The levels of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 in gingival crevicular fluid were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The prevalence of periodontitis in the study was 88.3% (385/436). The prevalence of chronic periodontitis and aggressive periodontitis were higher in patients with IgAN than those with non-IgAN (Pchronic periodontitis was correlated with pathologic grading of IgAN (r=0.48, Pperiodontitis, those with severe chronic and aggressive periodontitis had more severe pathology, more frequent recurrent gross hematuria, higher levels of 24 h proteinuria, serum triglyceride and uric acid, higher periodontal probing depth and clinical attatchment level, as well as higer levels of IL-1β and IL-6, but had lower creatinine clearance rate (all Pchronic and aggressive periodontitis was higher in patients with IgAN. Chronic periodontitis is correlated with the onset and development of IgAN. Patients with IgAN have worse condition with the aggravation of periodontitis.

  11. Enfermedad coronaria en pacientes con psoriasis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Walter Masson

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available Comunicaciones previas asociaron la psoriasis con la enfermedad coronaria. Desconocemos si en nuestro país o región existe dicha asociación. Se realizó un estudio transversal analizando los datos de la historia clínica electrónica de un sistema de salud de Buenos Aires. Analizamos todos los pacientes mayores de 18 años con diagnóstico de psoriasis entre el 1 de enero de 2003 y el 31 de julio de 2011 y los comparamos con un grupo control, en una relación 2:1, obtenido en forma aleatoria del mismo sistema de salud, apareados por edad y sexo. Determinamos la prevalencia de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular y de enfermedad coronaria. Analizamos la asociación entre la enfermedad coronaria y la psoriasis mediante análisis uni y multivariado. Se incluyeron 3 833 sujetos (1 286 pacientes con psoriasis y 2 547 controles. La prevalencia de hipertensión arterial (50% vs. 38%, p < 0.001, tabaquismo (25% vs. 17%, p < 0.001, diabetes (12% vs. 8%, p < 0.001 y enfermedad coronaria (4.98% vs. 3.06%, p = 0.003 fue mayor en los sujetos con psoriasis en comparación con el grupo control. Independientemente de la edad, la presencia de diabetes, hipertensión arterial o tabaquismo, hubo una asociación significativa entre la enfermedad coronaria y la psoriasis (OR 1.48, IC95% 1.04-2.11, p = 0.03. En conclusión, en esta población de Buenos Aires, los pacientes con psoriasis tuvieron una mayor prevalencia de diabetes, hipertensión arterial, tabaquismo y enfermedad coronaria. La asociación entre la psoriasis y la enfermedad coronaria fue independiente de los factores de riesgo explorados.

  12. Enfermedad de Hirschsprung

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    K A Santos-Jasso

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available El diagnóstico de la enfermedad de Hirschsprung se debe sospechar en el recién nacido que presenta datos de obstrucción intestinal: vómito, distensión abdominal y falla para el paso de meconio, en la primera semana de vida, lo que sustenta su origen congénito. Los pacientes con esta enfermedad son predominantemente del sexo masculino (84%; suelen presentar impactación fecal colónica y en la valoración abdominal muestran desimpactación, que puede ser explosiva en el examen digital del recto con vaciamiento en el 96% de los pacientes.

  13. Marker of cemento-periodontal ligament junction associated with periodontal regeneration.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hara, Ryohko; Wato, Masahiro; Tanaka, Akio

    2005-06-01

    The purpose of this study was to identify factors promoting formation of the cemento-periodontal ligament junction. Regeneration of the cemento-periodontal ligament junction is an important factor in recovery of the connective tissue attachment to the cementum and it is important to identify all specific substances that promote its formation. To clarify the substances involved in cemento-periodontal ligament junction formation, we produced a monoclonal antibody (mAb) to human cemento-periodontal ligament junction (designated as the anti-TAP mAb) and examined its immunostaining properties and reactive antigen. Hybridomas producing monoclonal antibody against human cemento-periodontal ligament junction antigens were established by fusing P3U1 mouse myeloma cells with spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with homogenized human cemento-periodontal ligament junction. The mAb, the anti-TAP mAb for cemento-periodontal ligament junction, was then isolated. The immunoglobulin class and light chain of the mAb were examined using an isotyping kit. Before immunostaining, antigen determination using an enzymatic method or heating was conducted. Human teeth, hard tissue-forming lesions, and animal tissues were immunostained by the anti-TAP mAb. The anti-TAP mAb was positive in human cemento-periodontal ligament junction and predentin but negative in all other human and animal tissues examined. In the cemento-osseous lesions, the anti-TAP mAb was positive in the peripheral area of the cementum and cementum-like hard tissues and not in the bone and bone-like tissues. The anti-TAP mAb showed IgM (kappa) and recognized phosphoprotein. The anti-TAP mAb is potentially useful for developing new agents promoting cementogenesis and periodontal regeneration.

  14. Morphometric assessment of periodontal tissues in relation to periodontal disease in dogs.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kyllar, Michal; Doskarova, Barbora; Paral, Vaclav

    2013-01-01

    Dimensions of periodontal tissues are thought to predispose to the development of periodontal disease in man and dogs. Several studies have suggested that thin gingiva correlates with an increased incidence of periodontal disease. In this study, we hypothesized that the dimensions of periodontal tissues will vary in different breeds of dogs and could possibly correlate with the incidence of periodontal disease. Forty-two jaws of dogs aged up to 5-years were examined post-mortem and gingival and alveolar bone thickness were measured using methods of transgingival probing and digital calipers, respectively. Dogs were divided into three groups based on their body weight. Group I (dogs compared with small and medium-sized breed dogs. Both gingival and alveolar bone dimensions may be predictors for severity of periodontal disease and influence clinical outcome in certain periodontal surgical procedures.

  15. Role of periodontal pathogenic bacteria in RANKL-mediated bone destruction in periodontal disease.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kajiya, Mikihito; Giro, Gabriela; Taubman, Martin A; Han, Xiaozhe; Mayer, Marcia P A; Kawai, Toshihisa

    2010-11-08

    Accumulated lines of evidence suggest that hyperimmune responses to periodontal bacteria result in the destruction of periodontal connective tissue and alveolar bone. The etiological roles of periodontal bacteria in the onset and progression of periodontal disease (PD) are well documented. However, the mechanism underlying the engagement of periodontal bacteria in RANKL-mediated alveolar bone resorption remains unclear. Therefore, this review article addresses three critical subjects. First, we discuss earlier studies of immune intervention, ultimately leading to the identification of bacteria-reactive lymphocytes as the cellular source of osteoclast-induction factor lymphokine (now called RANKL) in the context of periodontal bone resorption. Next, we consider (1) the effects of periodontal bacteria on RANKL production from a variety of adaptive immune effector cells, as well as fibroblasts, in inflamed periodontal tissue and (2) the bifunctional roles (upregulation vs. downregulation) of LPS produced from periodontal bacteria in a RANKL-induced osteoclast-signal pathway. Future studies in these two areas could lead to new therapeutic approaches for the management of PD by down-modulating RANKL production and/or RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis in the context of host immune responses against periodontal pathogenic bacteria.

  16. Pregnancy and periodontal disease

    OpenAIRE

    Sağlam, Ebru; Saruhan, Nesrin; Çanakçı, Cenk Fatih

    2015-01-01

    Some maternal immunological changes due to pregnancy increases susceptibility to infections. Periodontal disease, the main cause is plaque, is a common disease which is seen multifactorial and varying severity. There are many clinical criteria for diagnosis of periodontal disease. Correlation between pregnancy and periodontal inflammation is known for many years. Periodontal disease affects pregnant’s systemic condition and also has negative effects on fetus. Periodontal disease increases the...

  17. Role of periodontal pathogenic bacteria in RANKL-mediated bone destruction in periodontal disease

    OpenAIRE

    Mikihito Kajiya; Gabriela Giro; Martin A. Taubman; Xiaozhe Han; Marcia P.A. Mayer; Toshihisa Kawai

    2010-01-01

    Accumulated lines of evidence suggest that hyperimmune responses to periodontal bacteria result in the destruction of periodontal connective tissue and alveolar bone. The etiological roles of periodontal bacteria in the onset and progression of periodontal disease (PD) are well documented. However, the mechanism underlying the engagement of periodontal bacteria in RANKL-mediated alveolar bone resorption remains unclear. Therefore, this review article addresses three critical subjects. First, ...

  18. Traducción, adaptación y validación al español del cuestionario de calidad de vida de 32 ítems (IBDQ-32 de la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal Spanish translation, adaptation, and validation of the 32-item questionnaire on quality of life for inflammatory bowel disease (IBDQ-32

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    M. Masachs

    2007-09-01

    Full Text Available Introducción: la medida de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS tiene una reconocida importancia en la evaluación, el manejo y el seguimiento de la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal. El instrumento de medida más utilizado es la versión de 32 ítems del Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ-32, que no está adaptado al español. Objetivo: traducir la versión del IBDQ-32 al español y determinar su validez, fiabilidad y sensibilidad tanto en la colitis ulcerosa como en la enfermedad de Crohn. Método: estudio prospectivo en dos fases: traducción y posterior validación del IBDQ-32 al español. La traducción se ha basado en la versión al español validada del IBDQ-36, y los ítems del IBDQ-32 no incluidos en el IBDQ-36 se tradujeron "de novo". Una vez terminada la traducción del IBDQ32, se aplicó un cuestionario específico de comprensión. Para determinar las propiedades psicométricas del IBDQ-32, un grupo de pacientes completó el IBDQ-36 ya validado al español y el IBDQ-32. Resultados: se han incluido 84 pacientes (53 con enfermedad de Crohn y 31 con colitis ulcerosa. La mediana de la puntuación global de ambos cuestionarios en los 84 pacientes no fue diferente (6,1 vs. 6,2, p = ns y su correlación de Spearman fue muy significativa (r = 0,97, p Introduction: the measurement of health-related quality of life (HRQoL has an established relevance in the assessment, management, and follow-up of inflammatory bowel disease. The most commonly used measuring instrument is the 32-item version of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ-32, which has never been adapted to Spanish. Objective: to translate IBDQ-32 into Spanish, and to establish its validity, reliability, and sensitivity both in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Method: a prospective study in two phases -translation into Spanish and subsequent validation of IBDQ-32. Translation was based on the validated Spanish version of IBDQ-36, and IBDQ-32

  19. Enfermedad de Chagas o Tripanosomiasis Americana.

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    Felipe Guhl

    2000-08-01

    Full Text Available

    Situación Actual de Colombia.

    La enfermedad de Chagas o tripanosomiasis americana es una enfermedad parasitaria crónica causada por un protozoario flagelado el Trypanosoma cruzi, descrito por primera vez por Carlos Chagas, médico brasileño, a comienzos de este siglo y en su honor se denominó la enfermedad que lleva su nombre.

    Este parásito normalmente se transmite al ser humano a través de insectos triatomíneos estrictamente hematófagos de la familia Reduviidae, en el momento en que perforan la piel para succionar la sangre que los alimenta.

    Sin embargo, no se inocula directamente por intermedio de las estructuras bucales del insecto en el momento de la picadura como en el caso de las tripanosomiasis africanas, si no que se deposita pasivamente en la piel a través de las heces del insecto, penetrando en el cuerpo por la herida que causa la picadura u otras abrasiones de la piel o de la mucosa. El T. cruzi, también puede transmitirse por infección congénita, por transfusión de sangre contaminada o por el transplante de órganos contaminados. El ciclo vital del parásito es largo y complejo y su desarrollo tiene varias etapas, tanto en el vector triatomineo como en el huésped vertebrado .

    La Enfermedad de Chagas constituye una amenaza permanente para casi la cuarta parte de toda la población de América Latina. Si bien la enfermedad se encuentra presente en toda América Central y del Sur, sus manifestaciones y características epidemiológicas son altamente variables entre una y otra zona endémica. Existe una gran diversidad en las tasas de prevalencia, formas de transmisión, características parasitarias, patología clínica, vectores y reservorios.

    Más que cualquier otra enfermedad parasitaria, la enfermedad de Chagas se relaciona con el desarrollo económico y social de la población: los insectos triatomineos y las enfermedades que ellos transmiten existirán mientras en

  20. Periodontal profile classes predict periodontal disease progression and tooth loss.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Morelli, Thiago; Moss, Kevin L; Preisser, John S; Beck, James D; Divaris, Kimon; Wu, Di; Offenbacher, Steven

    2018-02-01

    Current periodontal disease taxonomies have limited utility for predicting disease progression and tooth loss; in fact, tooth loss itself can undermine precise person-level periodontal disease classifications. To overcome this limitation, the current group recently introduced a novel patient stratification system using latent class analyses of clinical parameters, including patterns of missing teeth. This investigation sought to determine the clinical utility of the Periodontal Profile Classes and Tooth Profile Classes (PPC/TPC) taxonomy for risk assessment, specifically for predicting periodontal disease progression and incident tooth loss. The analytic sample comprised 4,682 adult participants of two prospective cohort studies (Dental Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study and Piedmont Dental Study) with information on periodontal disease progression and incident tooth loss. The PPC/TPC taxonomy includes seven distinct PPCs (person-level disease pattern and severity) and seven TPCs (tooth-level disease). Logistic regression modeling was used to estimate relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association of these latent classes with disease progression and incident tooth loss, adjusting for examination center, race, sex, age, diabetes, and smoking. To obtain personalized outcome propensities, risk estimates associated with each participant's PPC and TPC were combined into person-level composite risk scores (Index of Periodontal Risk [IPR]). Individuals in two PPCs (PPC-G: Severe Disease and PPC-D: Tooth Loss) had the highest tooth loss risk (RR = 3.6; 95% CI = 2.6 to 5.0 and RR = 3.8; 95% CI = 2.9 to 5.1, respectively). PPC-G also had the highest risk for periodontitis progression (RR = 5.7; 95% CI = 2.2 to 14.7). Personalized IPR scores were positively associated with both periodontitis progression and tooth loss. These findings, upon additional validation, suggest that the periodontal/tooth profile classes and the derived

  1. Periodontitis and myocardial hypertrophy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Suzuki, Jun-Ichi; Sato, Hiroki; Kaneko, Makoto; Yoshida, Asuka; Aoyama, Norio; Akimoto, Shouta; Wakayama, Kouji; Kumagai, Hidetoshi; Ikeda, Yuichi; Akazawa, Hiroshi; Izumi, Yuichi; Isobe, Mitsuaki; Komuro, Issei

    2017-04-01

    There is a deep relationship between cardiovascular disease and periodontitis. It has been reported that myocardial hypertrophy may be affected by periodontitis in clinical settings. Although these clinical observations had some study limitations, they strongly suggest a direct association between severity of periodontitis and left ventricular hypertrophy. However, the detailed mechanisms between myocardial hypertrophy and periodontitis have not yet been elucidated. Recently, we demonstrated that periodontal bacteria infection is closely related to myocardial hypertrophy. In murine transverse aortic constriction models, a periodontal pathogen, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans markedly enhanced cardiac hypertrophy with matrix metalloproteinase-2 activation, while another pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.) did not accelerate these pathological changes. In the isoproterenol-induced myocardial hypertrophy model, P.g. induced myocardial hypertrophy through Toll-like receptor-2 signaling. From our results and other reports, regulation of chronic inflammation induced by periodontitis may have a key role in the treatment of myocardial hypertrophy. In this article, we review the pathophysiological mechanism between myocardial hypertrophy and periodontitis.

  2. Factores de riesgo de las enfermedades reumáticas en niños atendidos en el Hospital Pediátrico Provincial “Mártires de Las Tunas”

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    Yordania Velázquez Avila

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available Fundamento: las afecciones reumáticas son enfermedades inflamatorias crónicas que producen invalidez y en ocasiones conducen a la muerte del paciente. En el Hospital Pediátrico Provincial “Mártires de Las Tunas” no existen antecedentes de estudios analíticos sobre las colagenosis, sin embargo el número de casos ingresados por estas afecciones ha aumentado progresivamente, por esta razón se estudiaron los factores de riesgo con asociación causal de las colagenosis más frecuentes: artritis reactiva, lupus eritematoso y esclerodermia. Objetivo: determinar los factores de riesgo con asociación causal que favorecen la aparición de las enfermedades reumáticas en edades pediátricas en pacientes atendidos en el Hospital Pediátrico Provincial de Las Tunas. Métodos: se realizó un estudio analítico de casos y controles, durante el período de septiembre de 2011 a diciembre de 2013. La muestra fueron 150 individuos: el grupo de enfermos formado por 50 pacientes diagnosticados de colagenosis y el grupo control formado por 100 individuos no afectados. Las variables estudiadas fueron: sexo, antecedentes familiares de colagenosis, exposición al sol, a enfermedades infecciosas y a situaciones estresantes. Toda la información recopilada se analizó estadísticamente, se calculó el porcentaje, odds ratio con su nivel de confianza para el 95 %, chi-cuadrado y probabilidad, o probabilidad exacta de Fisher. Resultados: en el grupo de enfermos predominaron las féminas, con 28 casos, y en el grupo de control prevalecieron los varones, 57; en ambos grupos predominaron los infantes sin antecedentes familiares de colagenosis y fue mayor el número de individuos expuestos al sol, este último resultó ser el tercer factor de riesgo con asociación causal; en el grupo de enfermos fue mayor la cantidad de pacientes expuestos a enfermedades infecciosas, con 40 individuos, tienendo 8,5 veces más riesgo de enfermar que las no expuestas, representó el

  3. Enfermedad pulmonar intersticial asociada a rituximab

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    Marcelo Fernández Casares

    2013-08-01

    Full Text Available La introducción en la práctica clínica del anticuerpo anti-CD20 rituximab ha mejorado sustancialmente el pronóstico de diversas enfermedades autoinmunes y hematológicas. Con el incremento de su uso ha aumentado el registro de efectos adversos, entre ellos la toxicidad pulmonar. Una de sus complicaciones más serias es la enfermedad pulmonar intersticial, entidad potencialmente fatal que debe ser considerada en pacientes que han recibido rituximab y presentan disnea, fiebre y tos sin clara evidencia de infección. Presentamos un caso de enfermedad pulmonar intersticial asociada a rituximab.

  4. Pasado, presente y futuro de la microbiología de la periodontitis Past, present and future of the microbiology of periodontis

    OpenAIRE

    M. Escribano; P. Matesanz; A. Bascones

    2005-01-01

    Es bien sabido que la periodontitis es una enfermedad de origen infeccioso, pero posee características propias que hacen difícil su conocimiento etiopatogénico, y en consecuencia, su tratamiento. Numerosos avances relacionados con el estudio microbiológico de la placa bacteriana se están llevando a cabo en los últimos años, con el objetivo de optimizar los recursos terapéuticos y ofrecer a los pacientes una atención clínica predecible basada en la evidencia científica. El objetivo de este art...

  5. Treatment of a Periodontic-Endodontic Lesion in a Patient with Aggressive Periodontitis

    OpenAIRE

    Fahmy, Mina D.; Luepke, Paul G.; Ibrahim, Mohamed S.; Guentsch, Arndt

    2016-01-01

    Case Description. This case report describes the successful management of a left mandibular first molar with a combined periodontic-endodontic lesion in a 35-year-old Caucasian woman with aggressive periodontitis using a concerted approach including endodontic treatment, periodontal therapy, and a periodontal regenerative procedure using an enamel matrix derivate. In spite of anticipated poor prognosis, the tooth lesion healed. This case report also discusses the rationale behind different tr...

  6. Endodontic-periodontal microsurgery for combined endodontic-periodontal lesions: An overview.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sharma, Ritu; Hegde, Vivek; Siddharth, M; Hegde, Rashmi; Manchanda, Gunsha; Agarwal, Pratul

    2014-11-01

    Endodontic and periodontal microsurgery has surpassed the success rates for traditional endodontic and periodontal surgical procedures. Excellent healing results are being attributed to both the techniques, when employed, for isolated endodontic or periodontal defects. Combined endodontic-periodontal lesions have been referred to as a true challenge, requiring not only endodontic microsurgical management but also concurrent bone grafting and membrane barriers techniques. The prevention of epithelial downgrowth and regeneration of periodontal cementum, fiber, and bone seals the fate of these cases. Achieving primary closure with submergence of grafts has a positive effect on GTR outcome. New techniques of periodontal microsurgery, such as minimally invasive papilla preserving flaps with passive internal mattress suturing, have managed to obtain 90% primary flap closure over grafted sites. Root surface treatment and conditioning has also shown to be beneficial for GTR. Endodontic microsurgery for the combined lesion has not integrated these advances yet. These advances, along with a recently suggested treatment strategy, are ushering in the level next in management of the combined lesions. This article offers an overview of the combined lesion, the disease, its classification, treatment strategy, regenerative tools, microsurgical recommendations, and outcome studies.

  7. Neuro-Behçet's disease in Peru: a case report and literature review

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    Roberto A. Molina

    2017-06-01

    Full Text Available Resumen La enfermedad de Behçet es una vasculitis que puede ocasionar lesiones inflamatorias en múltiples órganos o sistemas como el neurológico. El mayor número de casos a nivel mundial se han reportado a lo largo de la llamada Ruta de la Seda, que va desde la región mediterránea hasta Japón, siendo considerado una enfermedad rara en países latinoamericanos. La frecuencia de afectación neurológica oscila en un rango entre 5 y 13%. Se presenta el caso de una mujer adulta joven con criterios diagnósticos de enfermedad de Behçet y manifestaciones de afectación neurológica, así como una revisión de la literatura en Perú.

  8. The periodontal abscess: a review.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Herrera, D; Roldán, S; Sanz, M

    2000-06-01

    The periodontal abscess is a frequent periodontal condition in which periodontal tissues may be rapidly destroyed. Its importance is based on the possible need of urgent care, the affectation of tooth prognosis, and the possibility of infection spreading. There is scant information in the scientific literature regarding this condition and most of it has been published as case reports and text books, where conclusions are not evidence-based, but rather empirical observations made by recognised clinicians. The aim of this review was to critically analyse all available information on this subject in the dental and medical literature, including information on its prevalence, proposed etiologies and pathogenesis, diagnosis, microbiology and treatment alternatives. The periodontal abscess is the 3rd most frequent dental emergency, and it is specially prevalent among untreated periodontal patients and periodontal patients during maintenance. Different etiologies have been proposed, and 2 main groups can be distinguished, depending on its relation with periodontal pockets. In the case of a periodontitis-related abscess, the condition may appear as an exacerbation of a non-treated periodontitis or during the course of periodontal therapy. In non-periodontitis related abscesses, impaction of foreign objects, and radicular abnormalities are the 2 main causes. The abscess microflora seems to be similar to that of adult periodontitis, and it is dominated by gram-negative anaerobic rods, including well-known periodontal pathogens. Complications and consequences include tooth loss and the spread of the infection to other body sites. Diagnosis and treatment is mainly based on empiricism, since evidence-based data are not available. The role of systemic antibiotics, in the treatment of periodontal abscesses, is especially controversial.

  9. Periodontal Diseases

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... diseases. The primary research focus was on oral bacteria. Periodontal diseases were thought to begin when chalky white ... tools to target their treatment specifically to the bacteria that trigger periodontal disease. At the same time, because biofilms form ...

  10. Periodontitis in Chronic Heart Failure.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fröhlich, Hanna; Herrmann, Kristina; Franke, Jennifer; Karimi, Alamara; Täger, Tobias; Cebola, Rita; Katus, Hugo A; Zugck, Christian; Frankenstein, Lutz

    2016-08-01

    Periodontal disease has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. The purpose of our study was to investigate whether a correlation between periodontitis and chronic heart failure exists, as well as the nature of the underlying cause. We enrolled 71 patients (mean age, 54 ± 13 yr; 56 men) who had stable chronic heart failure; all underwent complete cardiologic and dental evaluations. The periodontal screening index was used to quantify the degree of periodontal disease. We compared the findings to those in the general population with use of data from the 4th German Dental Health Survey. Gingivitis, moderate periodontitis, and severe periodontitis were present in 17 (24%), 17 (24%), and 37 (52%) patients, respectively. Severe periodontitis was more prevalent among chronic heart failure patients than in the general population. In contrast, moderate periodontitis was more prevalent in the general population (P periodontal disease was not associated with the cause of chronic heart failure or the severity of heart failure symptoms. Six-minute walking distance was the only independent predictor of severe periodontitis. Periodontal disease is highly prevalent in chronic heart failure patients regardless of the cause of heart failure. Prospective trials are warranted to clarify the causal relationship between both diseases.

  11. Effect of periodontal therapy on pregnancy outcome in women affected by periodontitis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tarannum, Fouzia; Faizuddin, Mohamed

    2007-11-01

    There is convincing evidence to suggest that infections affecting the mother during pregnancy may produce alterations in the normal cytokine- and hormone-regulated gestation, which could result in preterm labor, premature rupture of membranes, and preterm birth (PTB). Studies in the late 1990s associated periodontitis with preterm low birth weight (PLBW) deliveries, and this may have similar pathogenic mechanisms as other maternal infections. This study determined the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on pregnancy outcome. A total of 200 pregnant women with periodontitis were randomly assigned to treatment and control groups. Detailed data about previous and current pregnancies were obtained. All women received a full-mouth periodontal examination, including oral hygiene index-simplified, bleeding index, and clinical attachment level. The women in the treatment group received non-surgical periodontal therapy during the gestational period, and those in the control group received periodontal treatment after delivery. Periodontal therapy included plaque control instructions and scaling and root planing performed under local anesthesia. The outcome measures assessed were gestational age and birth weight of the infant. PTB was recorded when delivery occurred at PTBs in the treatment group and 68 PTBs in the control group. Twenty-six LBW infants were recorded in the treatment group, and 48 LBW infants were noted in the control group. The mean gestational ages were 33.8+/-2.8 weeks and 32.7+/-2.8 weeks in the treatment and control groups, respectively. The difference was statistically significant at P<0.006. The mean birth weight was 2,565.3+/-331.2 g in the treatment group and 2,459.6+/-380.7 g in the control group, with the difference being statistically significant at P<0.044. A multiple regression model showed a significant effect of periodontal treatment on birth outcomes. Non-surgical periodontal therapy can reduce the risk for preterm births in mothers who

  12. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERIODONTAL DISEASE INDEX AND LOW BIRTH WEIGHT BABIES IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH PERIODONTITIS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ira Komara

    2016-03-01

    Full Text Available Objective: To identify the relationship between periodontitis in pregnant women through the periodontal disease index (PDI and low birth weight babies. Methods: A case-control study was conducted to determine the relationship between periodontitis in pregnant women through the periodontal disease index (PDI and the low birth weight babies (LBW. The participants were mothers with periodontitis and non-periodontitis mothers aged 20–35 years who gave birth in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology-Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung in the period of December to January 2005. Results: Based on the chisquare test results a highly significant relationship between periodontitis and low birth weight (p=0.002 was found. The Odd’s ratio showed that the risk of low birth weight in pregnant women with periodontitis was 15.58 times higher compared to those who did not suffer from periodontitis. The periodontal disease index has an accuracy of 88.6% in predicting the incidence of LBW. It strongly influenced the incidence of LBW with a high Odd’s ratio of 28.0. Pregnant women who suffer from periodontitis with a PDI > 3.25, have 19.2 times higher risk for delivering babies with LBW compared to the non-periodontitis mothers. Conclusions: The loss of attachment affects the possibility of delivering LBW babies.

  13. Impact of aggressive periodontitis and chronic periodontitis on oral health-related quality of life.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Llanos, Alexandre Hugo; Silva, Carlos Guillermo Benítez; Ichimura, Karina Tamie; Rebeis, Estela Sanches; Giudicissi, Marcela; Romano, Marcelo Munhóes; Saraiva, Luciana

    2018-01-01

    The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the effect of different forms of periodontal diseases on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL). Fifty-two patients with Aggressive Periodontitis (AP) or Chronic Periodontitis (CP) were included: nine patients with Localized Aggressive Periodontitis (LAP), thirty-three patients with Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis (GAP) and ten patients with Generalized Chronic Periodontitis (GCP). Oral Health Impact Profile questionnaires (OHIP-14) were distributed after a clinical examination that measured the following periodontal parameters: tooth loss, bleeding on probing (BoP), probing depth (PD), gingival recession (REC) and clinical attachment level (CAL). The global OHIP-14 score means were 10.6 for LAP, 16.5 for GAP, and 17.5 for GCP. A statistically significant difference (p periodontitis. LAP, GAP and GCP have an impact on patient quality of life when measured using the OHIP-14. Patients with GAP and GCP had poorer OHRQoL than LAP patients.

  14. ¿Qué es una enfermedad rara?

    OpenAIRE

    Dirección General de Salud Pública y Participación. Gobierno del Principado de Asturias

    2014-01-01

    Enfermedades Raras en Asturias. Dirección General de Salud Pública y Participación. Informes breves 01 Defining what is meant by rare diseases. Definición de lo que se entiende por enfermedades raras.

  15. Modulación de la respuesta inflamatoria esplácnica en la colestasis microquirúrgica experimental con ketotifén

    OpenAIRE

    Cruz Cidoncha, Arturo

    2013-01-01

    "Introducción". El desarrollo de fibrosis hepática e hipertensión portal en múltiples hepatopatías crónicas de etiología diversa es un proceso multifuncional, mediado por células inflamatorias que, al liberar mediadores fibrogénicos, activan a las células estrelladas y a los miofibroblastos. La administración de ketotifén, un fármaco estabilizador de células cebadas, que inhibe la síntesis y liberación de sus mediadores inflamatorios, en un modelo experimental microquirúrgico de colesta...

  16. Resistin: A Potential Biomarker for Periodontitis Influenced Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetes Induced Periodontitis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Archana Devanoorkar

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Biomarkers are highly specific and sensitive indicators of disease activity. Resistin is a recently discovered adipocytokine, having a potent biomarker quality. Initially resistin was thought to be produced by adipocytes alone; however, emerging evidence suggests that it is also produced in abundance by various cells of the immunoinflammatory system, indicating its role in various chronic inflammatory diseases. Data suggests that resistin plays a role in obesity, insulin resistance, cardiovascular diseases, and periodontitis. Resistin derived its name from the original observation that it induced insulin resistance (resist-in: resist insulin in mice and is downregulated in mature murine adipocytes cultured in the presence of insulin sensitizing drugs like thiazolidinediones. It is well recognized that obesity, is associated with insulin resistance and diabetes. A three-way relationship has been established between diabetes, obesity and periodontitis. Recent evidence also suggests an association between obesity and increased risk for periodontitis. Our previous research showed incremental elevation of resistin with periodontal disease activity and a reduced level of resistin, after periodontal therapy. Thus resistin would be one of the molecular links connecting obesity, periodontitis, and diabetes and may serve as a marker that links periodontal disease with other systemic diseases. A Medline/PubMed search was carried out for keywords “Diabetes Mellitus,” “Periodontitis,” and “Resistin,” and all relevant research papers from 1990 in English were shortlisted and finalized based on their importance. This review provides an insight into the biological action of resistin and its possible role in periodontitis influenced diabetes mellitus and diabetes induced periodontitis.

  17. Enfermedad de Chagas en Colombia

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    Fernando Serpa Florez

    1985-12-01

    Full Text Available

    Generalidades.

    La tripanosomiasis americana o enfermedad de Chagas se halla ampliamente distribuida en Centro y Sur América. La Organización Mundial de la Salud considera que pueden haber doce millones de casos de esta dolencia en el continente (1, estudiados principalmente en Argentina, Brasil y Venezuela. Se calcula que en Colombia tendríamos una incidencia muy alta de casos, (Marinkelle (2 estima que 7.140/0 de la población podría estar infectada o sea cerca de dos millones de personas, distribuidos en las zonas rurales del nordeste del país (cuenca del Catatumbo Magdalena Medio y Llanos Orientales (Piedemonte, Macarena y Meta cercano (3 (4 (5 Y que seis millones de nuestros compatriotas -22.30/0 de la población total- (2 corren el riesgo de adquirir la enfermedad pues habitan en regiones donde se dan las condiciones para que ésta se propague.


    RESEÑA HISTORICA DE LA ENFERMEDAD EN COLOMBIA
    La existencia de casos de tripanosomiasis americana y de sus vectores fue comprobada en Colombia desde 1929 cuando César Uribe Piedrahita (6 encontró en Prado, Tolima, vectores del mal infectados con T.

    cruzi e Ignacio Moreno Pérez observó dicho hemoflagelado en sangre de seres humanos en Cali (4. En los años siguientes Hernando Ucrós, Benjamín Otálora, Hernando Groot, Santiago Renjifo, Hernando Osorno, Carlos Duarte Rangel, C.J. Marinkelle, Augusto Corredor, Ernesto Suescún y varios otros investigadores colomb iano s describieron diversos focos de la enfermedad en Colombia y estudiaron la distribución de sus vectores y huéspedes intermediarios. En 1947 1. Caicedo y C. Hernández publicaron su informe sobre los primeros casos crónicos de enfermedad de Chagas comprobados en nuestro país, procedentes de la región de Fusagasugá, Cundinamarca (7 en tanto que, en 1961, Marcos Duque inicia los estudios sobre cardiopatía chagásica (8 y Hernando Rocha, en 1971, comunica

  18. ACTUALIZACIÓN EN LA ENFERMEDAD DE PARKINSON

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    Dr. Raúl Martínez-Fernández.

    2016-05-01

    Full Text Available La enfermedad de Parkinson es un trastorno neurodegenerativo complejo y de presentación heterogénea. Aunque aún no se dispone de ningún fármaco que enlentezca la progresión de la enfermedad, existe un arsenal terapéutico extenso y eficaz para el control sintomático en cada una de sus fases, por lo que es importante realizar un diagnóstico preciso así como un correcto manejo de fármacos que garantice un estado óptimo en los paciente que la sufren, lo que resultará en una mejora en su calidad de vida. Además, dado que es el trastorno neurodegenerativo más frecuente tras la enfermedad de Alzheimer y que su factor de riesgo principal es la edad, la enfermedad de Parkinson supone, cada vez más, un reto de salud pública en nuestras sociedades occidentales progresivamente envejecidas. Esta revisión pretende actualizar los aspectos clínicos y diagnósticos fundamentales de la enfermedad de Parkinson así como las principales estrategias terapéuticas disponibles.

  19. Effect of Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy on Interleukin-29 Levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid of Chronic Periodontitis and Aggressive Periodontitis Patients

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    B. M. Shivaprasad

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Recently discovered interleukin 29 (IL-29 has antiviral properties and its production is induced by herpes viruses. This study was aimed at analyzing the effect of non-surgical periodontal treatment on IL-29 levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF of chronic and aggressive periodontitis patients. A total of 60 participants were divided into healthy group (group 1; n = 20, chronic periodontitis group (group 2; n = 20, and aggressive periodontitis group (group 3; n = 20. GCF samples collected from each subject at baseline and 6–8 weeks after scaling and root planing were quantified for IL-29 levels using ELISA. The mean IL-29 concentration in GCF was found to be highest in group 3 (92.37 pg/μl. The mean IL-29 level in group 1 and group 2 was 36.88 pg/μl and 69.35 pg/μl respectively. After scaling and root planing, the mean concentration of IL-29 in GCF was increased to 85.99 pg/μl in group 2 and to 114.64 pg/μl in group 3. Results of the present study indicate that antiviral IL-29 level was highest in GCF of aggressive periodontitis patients and least in subjects with healthy periodontium, while that of chronic periodontitis lying in between. After non-surgical periodontal therapy, IL-29 levels increased both in chronic and aggressive periodontitis patients and deserve further investigation as a potential therapeutic agent in treating periodontitis.

  20. Oral conditions, periodontal status and periodontal treatment need of chronic kidney disease patients

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Modupeoluwa Omotunde Soroye

    2016-01-01

    Conclusion: Majority of the CKD patients reviewed had poor periodontal status with code 2 TN. We, therefore, recommend nonsurgical periodontal treatment for all CKD patients to improve their oral health and forestall the systemic effects of periodontal pathology.

  1. Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy Reduces Saliva Adipokine and Matrix Metalloproteinase Levels in Periodontitis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Özcan, Erkan; Işıl Saygun, N; Serdar, Muhittin A; Umut Bengi, V; Kantarcı, Alpdoğan

    2016-08-01

    Adipokines enhance the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which play a role in extracellular matrix degeneration. The aim of this study is to determine the levels of some adipokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and MMPs in the saliva of patients with periodontitis and healthy individuals and to evaluate the changes after non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). Of 32 individuals included in the study, 17 had periodontitis and 15 had healthy gingiva. Saliva samples were obtained from all individuals. In patients with periodontitis, samples were recollected 3 and 6 months after NSPT. Visfatin, chemerin, progranulin, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8, MMP-8, and MMP-13 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In patients with periodontitis, all of the parameters measured in the saliva were higher than those of healthy individuals. At 3 months, visfatin, progranulin, IL-8, and MMP-8 levels were significantly decreased compared with baseline values. The levels of other biochemical parameters, chemerin and IL-1β, were significantly decreased compared with baseline values at 6 months, and the levels became similar to those in healthy individuals. In the periodontitis group, positive correlations were found among visfatin and IL-8 (r = 0.909, P periodontal tissue in periodontitis by stimulating the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and MMPs.

  2. Periodontal and hematological characteristics associated with aggressive periodontitis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Poulsen, Anne Havemose; Westergaard, Jytte; Stoltze, Kaj

    2006-01-01

    Periodontitis shares several clinical and pathogenic characteristics with chronic arthritis, and there is some degree of coexistence. The aims of this study were to elucidate whether patients with localized aggressive periodontitis (LAgP), generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP), juvenile...... idiopathic arthritis (JIA), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) share periodontal and hematological characteristics distinguishing them from individuals free of diseases....

  3. Subjetividad e interseccionalidad: experiencias de Enfermedad de Mujeres Negras con enfermedad falciforme

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eliana Costa Xavie

    2017-05-01

    Full Text Available El estudio tuvo el objetivo de conocer y analizar la historia de mujeres negras con enfermedad falciforme y comprender cómo la subjetividad de estas es construida y confrontada a partir de los sentidos subjetivos asociados con los marcadores de género, raza y clase social. Se trata de una investigación cualitativa en la que participaron 9 mujeres negras acompañadas por el Centro de Referencia de la Anemia Falciforme del Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Las entrevistas semiestructuradas fueron analizadas por medio del análisis crítico del discurso. Los resultados mostraron que las mujeres negras perciben su enfermedad como condición de salud que estrecha los lazos entre su pertenencia racial y sus construcciones de género y de clase. El discurso de esas mujeres negras trascendió a la complejidad de la enfermedad crónica, transformándola y construyendo posibilidades que las potencializan como mujeres, madres y sujetos sociales. Las mujeres señalaron que la interseccionalidad de raza, género y clase social impulsa la ceguera pública de la mujer negra y de las cuestiones relacionadas con la población negra intensificando el sentimiento de invisibilidad.

  4. Comorbidity of periodontal disease

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Holmstrup, Palle; Damgaard, Christian; Olsen, Ingar

    2017-01-01

    Increasing evidence has suggested an independent association between periodontitis and a range of comorbidities, for example cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, psoriasis, and respiratory infections. Shared....... The present article presents an overview of the evidence linking periodontitis with selected systemic diseases and calls for increased cooperation between dentists and medical doctors to provide optimal screening, treatment, and prevention of both periodontitis and its comorbidities....... inflammatory pathways are likely to contribute to this association, but distinct causal mechanisms remain to be defined. Some of these comorbid conditions may improve by periodontal treatment, and a bidirectional relationship may exist, where, for example, treatment of diabetes can improve periodontal status...

  5. Enfermedad óseo mineral relacionada con la enfermedad renal crónica: Klotho y FGF23; implicaciones cardiovasculares

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Laura Salanova Villanueva

    2016-07-01

    Full Text Available Una de las principales causas de morbimortalidad en el paciente con enfermedad renal crónica es la cardiovascular. La inflamación y las alteraciones en el metabolismo óseo mineral son una condición patológica que conlleva aumento del riesgo cardiovascular en la enfermedad renal crónica. Los parámetros bioquímicos clásicos del metabolismo óseo mineral como fósforo, calcio, vitamina D y PTH tienen una implicación muy conocida en el riesgo cardiovascular. Los nuevos marcadores, FGF23 y klotho, también podrían estar implicados en la enfermedad cardiovascular.

  6. Tratamiento quirúrgico del estrabismo en la enfermedad de graves

    OpenAIRE

    Dr. C. Iván Villaseca

    2010-01-01

    El estrabismo en la Oftalmopatía (Orbitopatía) de Graves se origina en la fibrosis post inflamatoria de uno o varios músculos, en uno o ambos ojos. Esto provoca un desalineamiento de los ejes visuales con diplopia que puede llegar a ser invalidante. Los músculos más frecuentemente comprometidos son los Rectos Inferiores y Medios. Algunos pacientes compensan su diplopia con posiciones anómalas de la cabeza. La cirugía se plantea en la etapa inactiva de la inflamación orbitaria, con ángulos est...

  7. Dental Investigations: Efficiency of Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy in Moderate Chronic Periodontitis

    OpenAIRE

    Mlachkova Antoaneta M.; Popova Christina L.

    2014-01-01

    INTRODUCTION: Chronic periodontitis is defined as an inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of teeth caused by microorganisms in the dental biofilm, resulting in progressive destruction of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone with pocket formation and gingival recession. Treatment of chronic periodontitis aims at arresting the inflammation and stopping the loss of attachment by removal and control of the supra- and subgingival biofilm and establishing a local environment and mic...

  8. 16S rDNA analysis of periodontal plaque in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and periodontitis patients.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wu, Xingwen; Chen, Jiazhen; Xu, Meng; Zhu, Danting; Wang, Xuyang; Chen, Yulin; Wu, Jing; Cui, Chenghao; Zhang, Wenhong; Yu, Liying

    2017-01-01

    This study investigated if chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is correlated with periodontitis via periodontal microbiota and if certain bacteria affect periodontitis as well as COPD. Moreover, the study investigated whether suffering from COPD is associated with a decrease in the richness and diversity of periodontal microbiota. Subgingival plaque was obtained from 105 patients. Bacterial DNA was isolated from 55 COPD and 50 non-COPD participants (either with or without periodontitis). 16S rRNA gene metagenomic sequencing was used to characterize the microbiota and to determine taxonomic classification. In the non-periodontitis patients, suffering from COPD resulted in a decrease in bacteria richness and diversity in the periodontal microenvironment. An increase in the genera Dysgonomonas , Desulfobulbus , and Catonella and in four species ( Porphyromonas endodontalis , Dysgonomonas wimpennyi , Catonella morbi , and Prevotella intermedia ) in both COPD and periodontitis patients suggests that an increase in these periodontitis-associated microbiota may be related to COPD. Three genera ( Johnsonella , Campylobacter , and Oribacterium ) were associated with COPD but not with periodontitis. The decrease in the genera Arcanobacterium , Oribacterium , and Streptomyces in COPD patients implies that these genera may be health-associated genera, and the decrease in these genera may be related to disease. These data support the hypothesis that COPD is correlated with periodontitis via these significantly changed specific bacteria.

  9. Ozone therapy in periodontics.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gupta, G; Mansi, B

    2012-02-22

    Gingival and Periodontal diseases represent a major concern both in dentistry and medicine. The majority of the contributing factors and causes in the etiology of these diseases are reduced or treated with ozone in all its application forms (gas, water, oil). The beneficial biological effects of ozone, its anti-microbial activity, oxidation of bio-molecules precursors and microbial toxins implicated in periodontal diseases and its healing and tissue regeneration properties, make the use of ozone well indicated in all stages of gingival and periodontal diseases. The primary objective of this article is to provide a general review about the clinical applications of ozone in periodontics. The secondary objective is to summarize the available in vitro and in vivo studies in Periodontics in which ozone has been used. This objective would be of importance to future researchers in terms of what has been tried and what the potentials are for the clinical application of ozone in Periodontics.

  10. Regeneration of bone and periodontal ligament induced by recombinant amelogenin after periodontitis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Haze, Amir; Taylor, Angela L; Haegewald, Stefan; Leiser, Yoav; Shay, Boaz; Rosenfeld, Eli; Gruenbaum-Cohen, Yael; Dafni, Leah; Zimmermann, Bernd; Heikinheimo, Kristiina; Gibson, Carolyn W; Fisher, Larry W; Young, Marian F; Blumenfeld, Anat; Bernimoulin, Jean P; Deutsch, Dan

    2009-06-01

    Regeneration of mineralized tissues affected by chronic diseases comprises a major scientific and clinical challenge. Periodontitis, one such prevalent disease, involves destruction of the tooth-supporting tissues, alveolar bone, periodontal-ligament and cementum, often leading to tooth loss. In 1997, it became clear that, in addition to their function in enamel formation, the hydrophobic ectodermal enamel matrix proteins (EMPs) play a role in the regeneration of these periodontal tissues. The epithelial EMPs are a heterogeneous mixture of polypeptides encoded by several genes. It was not clear, however, which of these many EMPs induces the regeneration and what mechanisms are involved. Here we show that a single recombinant human amelogenin protein (rHAM(+)), induced in vivo regeneration of all tooth-supporting tissues after creation of experimental periodontitis in a dog model. To further understand the regeneration process, amelogenin expression was detected in normal and regenerating cells of the alveolar bone (osteocytes, osteoblasts and osteoclasts), periodontal ligament, cementum and in bone marrow stromal cells. Amelogenin expression was highest in areas of high bone turnover and activity. Further studies showed that during the first 2 weeks after application, rHAM(+) induced, directly or indirectly, significant recruitment of mesenchymal progenitor cells, which later differentiated to form the regenerated periodontal tissues. The ability of a single protein to bring about regeneration of all periodontal tissues, in the correct spatio-temporal order, through recruitment of mesenchymal progenitor cells, could pave the way for development of new therapeutic devices for treatment of periodontal, bone and ligament diseases based on rHAM(+).

  11. Estado dental y periodontal de población en tratamiento por consumo de drogas: Estudio piloto

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Enrique Rotemberg

    Full Text Available El uso problemático de drogas puede afectar la salud oral de los consumidores. El presente estudio pretendió detectar la prevalencia de patología dentaria y periodontal en una población adolescente y adulta joven en tratamiento por drogo-dependencia. Se diseñó un estudio transversal, observacional y descriptivo, incluyendo a 72 individuos que se asisten por su adicción en el Portal Amarillo, centro de referencia nacional. La media del índice CPOD fue de 8,04. Al discriminar por franja etaria, la comprendida entre 15 y 24 años tuvo un CPOD de 5,31, mientras que la comprendida entre 25 y 35 años tuvo un valor de 11,27. El relevamiento paradencial mostró que el 65% de los participantes presentaron gingivitis y el 18% cuadros de periodontitis. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que existe una mayor prevalencia de enfermedad oral en pacientes drogo-dependientes que la población general. Los servicios de salud del primer nivel deberían desarrollar acciones especiales de prevención y detección precoz en pacientes drogo-dependientes

  12. Reevaluación del paciente periodontal: intervalo de tiempo adecuado para reevaluar sus parámetros

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    Berenice Flores Díaz

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available La reevaluación es uno de los pasos del tratamiento periodontal enfocados en determinar los resultados de la terapia inicial y la necesidad de terapias de soporte adicionales. El objetivo del artículo es revisar la información relacionada al intervalo de tiempo para la reevaluación los signos de progresión de la enfermedad periodontal apropiado para medir los efectos de la terapia inicial. Después de este período de tiempo, la estabilidad del periodonto debe ser evaluada en lugar de los efectos de la terapia. Conclusión: En síntesis el establecimiento de la nueva unión dento-epitelial se realiza de manera rutinaria por lo que se sugiere la reevaluación después de 2 semanas. Luego del raspado y alisado radicular hay restablecimiento del epitelio de unión al diente la super cie en 1 a 2 semanas el tejido conjuntivo continúa durante 4 a 8 semanas pero más de 2 meses puede ser demasiado tiempo porque las bacterias patógenas ya han repoblado las bolsas periodontales.

  13. MicroRNAs and Periodontal Homeostasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Luan, X; Zhou, X; Trombetta-eSilva, J; Francis, M; Gaharwar, A K; Atsawasuwan, P; Diekwisch, T G H

    2017-05-01

    MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small RNAs that control gene expression in all aspects of eukaryotic life, primarily through RNA silencing mechanisms. The purpose of the present review is to introduce key miRNAs involved in periodontal homeostasis, summarize the mechanisms by which they affect downstream genes and tissues, and provide an introduction into the therapeutic potential of periodontal miRNAs. In general, miRNAs function synergistically to fine-tune the regulation of biological processes and to remove expression noise rather than by causing drastic changes in expression levels. In the periodontium, miRNAs play key roles in development and periodontal homeostasis and during the loss of periodontal tissue integrity as a result of periodontal disease. As part of the anabolic phase of periodontal homeostasis and periodontal development, miRNAs direct periodontal fibroblasts toward alveolar bone lineage differentiation and new bone formation through WNT, bone morphogenetic protein, and Notch signaling pathways. miRNAs contribute equally to the catabolic aspect of periodontal homeostasis as they affect osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast function, either by directly promoting osteoclast activity or by inhibiting osteoclast signaling intermediaries or through negative feedback loops. Their small size and ability to target multiple regulatory networks of related sets of genes have predisposed miRNAs to become ideal candidates for drug delivery and tissue regeneration. To address the immense therapeutic potential of miRNAs and their antagomirs, an ever growing number of delivery approaches toward clinical applications have been developed, including nanoparticle carriers and secondary structure interference inhibitor systems. However, only a fraction of the miRNAs involved in periodontal health and disease are known today. It is anticipated that continued research will lead to a more comprehensive understanding of the periodontal miRNA world, and a systematic

  14. Periodontal Emergencies in General Practice.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wadia, Reena; Ide, Mark

    2017-05-01

    Diagnosing and managing periodontal emergencies is a common part of general dental practice. This article summarises the presentation, aetiology and management of the key periodontal emergencies, including gingival abscess, periodontal abscess, peri-coronitis/peri-coronal abscess, perio-endo lesion/ abscess, necrotising gingivitis and periodontitis, acute herpetic gingivostomatitis, acute physical/chemical/thermal injury and subgingival root fracture.

  15. Periodontal disease and systemic complications

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rui Vicente Oppermann

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Periodontal diseases comprise a number of infectious and inflammatory conditions brought about by the interaction between supragingival and subgingival biofilms and the host inflammatory response. Periodontal diseases should be considered systemic conditions. This means that they are both modulated by the body's systems and play a role as a risk factor for systemic derangements. The current evidence supports some of these interactions, such as smoking as a risk factor for periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus, as both influenced by and influencing inflammatory changes in the periodontal tissue. Other potential associations are still being researched, such as obesity, hormonal changes, cardiovascular disease, and adverse outcomes in pregnancy. These, and others, still require further investigation before the repercussions of periodontal disease can be fully elucidated. Nevertheless, at the present time, the treatment of periodontal diseases-and, most importantly, their prevention-enables adequate intervention as a means of ensuring periodontal health.

  16. Systemic antibiotics in periodontics.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Slots, Jørgen

    2004-11-01

    This position paper addresses the role of systemic antibiotics in the treatment of periodontal disease. Topical antibiotic therapy is not discussed here. The paper was prepared by the Research, Science and Therapy Committee of the American Academy of Periodontology. The document consists of three sections: 1) concept of antibiotic periodontal therapy; 2) efficacy of antibiotic periodontal therapy; and 3) practical aspects of antibiotic periodontal therapy. The conclusions drawn in this paper represent the position of the American Academy of Periodontology and are intended for the information of the dental profession.

  17. Differentiated embryonic chondrocytes 1 expression of periodontal ligament tissue and gingival tissue in the patients with chronic periodontitis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hu, Shenlin; Shang, Wei; Yue, Haitao; Chen, Ruini; Dong, Zheng; Hu, Jinhua; Mao, Zhao; Yang, Jian

    2015-04-01

    To evaluate the DEC1 expression of periodontal ligament tissue and gingival tissue in the patients with chronic periodontitis. 20 non-smoking patients with chronic periodontitis and 20 healthy individuals were enrolled. Periodontal ligament tissue and gingival tissue samples from healthy subjects were collected during teeth extraction for orthodontic reason or the third molar extraction. The parallel samples from patients with chronic periodontitis were obtained during periodontal flap operations or teeth extraction as part of periodontal treatment. The DEC1 expression and the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of both the periodontal ligament tissue and gingival tissue were determined by Western blot, Immunohistochemistry and ALP Detection Kit. The DEC1 expression of periodontal ligament tissue in the patients with chronic periodontitis decreased significantly along with the decreased ALP activity. On the contrary, the DEC1 expression of gingival tissue in the patients with chronic periodontitis increased significantly. Further study found that the DEC1 expression of gingival tissue increased mainly in the suprabasal layer of gingival epithelial cells but decreased in the gingival connective tissue of the patients with chronic periodontitis. The DEC1 expression decreases in the periodontal ligament tissue which is related to the osteogenic capacity, whereas the DEC1 expression increases in the suprabasal layer of gingival epithelial cells which are involved in immune inflammatory response in the patients with chronic periodontitis. The findings provide a new target to explore the pathology and the therapy of periodontitis. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  18. Enfermedades bacterianas del periodonto y tejidos adyacentes en el paciente portador de SIDA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elena Morán López

    2001-08-01

    Full Text Available El Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida (SIDA es una de las enfermedades más devastadoras del sistema inmune del hombre. En la cavidad bucal de estos pacientes se observan formas no comunes de enfermedades periodontales y gingivales parecidas a la GUNA, presentan dolores agudos, encías hiperémicas, hemorragias espontáneas y una rápida progresión de la enfermedad que causa extensa destrucción de tejidos blandos y óseos. La importancia clínica de esta condición es que está asociada con una supresión severa del sistema inmune con recuento celular de CD4 por debajo de 100 células/mm3. Resulta necesario que todo estomatólogo conozca las manifestaciones bucales del SIDA para ayudar al diagnóstico y tratamiento de estos pacientes y evitar convertirse en portadores y a la vez trasmisores de esta epidemia, que a diferencia de las demás, es en gran medida prevenible, más aún, cuando la responsabilidad de su prevención recae no sólo sobre las autoridades sanitarias del país, sino también y fundamentalmente, sobre todas las personas.Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome is one of the most devastating diseases for the man´s immune system. In the oral cavity of these patients, we may observe uncommon forms of GUNA-like periodontal and gingival diseases, acute pain, hypernemic gums, spontaneous hemorrhage and rapid development of the disease that cause extensive damage to soft and bone tissues. The clinical importance of this condition lies in its linking with a severe suppression of the immune system, with a CD4 cell count under 100 cell/mm3. It is necessary that every dentist recognize the oral manifestations of AIDS in order to assist in the diagnosis and treatment of these patients and to avoid becoming both carriers and transmitters of thes epidemic that, unlike the others, is preventable to a great extent because the responsability for its prevention falls not only on the sanitary authorities but also on every person fundamentally.

  19. Antimicrobial profiles of periodontal pathogens isolated from periodontitis patients in the Netherlands and Spain

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    van Winkelhoff, AJ; Herrera, D; Oteo, A; Sanz, M

    Background and Aim: Antimicrobial resistance of periodontal pathogens towards currently used antibiotics in periodontics has been investigated in a previous study. Microbial resistance in the periodontal microflora was more frequently observed in Spanish patients in comparison with Dutch patients.

  20. Assessment of Periodontal Tissue Status in Patients with Generalized Periodontitis and Essential Hypertension

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    T I Vicharenko

    2017-06-01

    Full Text Available Vascular disorders play a significant role in the development of dystrophic inflammatory process. There is a direct correlation between the degree of damage to blood vessels in the jaw and a depth of the destructive process in periodontal tissue. A certain role is played by endogenous factors, such as: age, vitamin deficiency, diabetes mellitus, essential hypertension and others. Clinical and epidemiological studies using pathological techniques showed significant changes in vascular wall of the artery in the periodontium, the interdental artery in particular.  Atherosclerosis, essential hypertension and periodontal pathology were proven to occur in individuals older than 40 years. The objective of the research was to determine periodontal tissue status in patients with stage II hypertension and generalized periodontitis of II degree of severity. Materials and methods. The study involved 36 patients with stage II hypertension and generalized periodontitis of II degree of severity (the main group. The patients’ age ranged from 35 to 54 years. The control group included 10 patients of corresponding age without generalized periodontitis and somatic pathology. To assess the status of periodontal tissues, we applied the Papillary-Marginal-Attached Index and the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs. When diagnosing periodontal disease, the classification of M.F. Danilevskyi was used. Results. The analysis of the indicators of the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs index showed the following results: in patients of the main group, the index was 2.38±0.07 points (p<0.001 pointing out a need for a course of professional oral hygiene. In patients of the control group, the index was 0.5±0.17 points indicating that there was no need for treatment, however, there was a need for improving oral hygiene. The indicators of the Papillary-Marginal-Attached Index in the main group were 55.49±1.96 points pointing out a severe degree of

  1. Active matrix metalloproteinase-8 and periodontal bacteria depending on periodontal status in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kirchner, A; Jäger, J; Krohn-Grimberghe, B; Patschan, S; Kottmann, T; Schmalz, G; Mausberg, R F; Haak, R; Ziebolz, D

    2017-08-01

    The aim of this clinical cross-sectional study was to determine the level of active matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) and periodontal pathogenic bacteria in gingival crevicular fluid in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with varying periodontal conditions. In total, 103 patients with RA and 104 healthy controls (HC) were included. The assessment of periodontal status included periodontal probing depth, bleeding on probing and clinical attachment loss. Periodontal disease was classified as healthy/mild, moderate or severe. For the determination of aMMP-8 levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and periodontal pathogenic bacteria using polymerase chain reaction, samples of gingival crevicular fluid were taken from the deepest gingival pockets. The statistical analyses used included a Mann-Whitney U-test, a chi-squared test or a Fisher's exact test, and the significance level was set at α = 5%. We found that 65% of patients with RA and 79% of HC had moderate to severe periodontal disease (p = 0.02). The prevalence of periodontal pathogens was almost equal (p > 0.05). Furthermore, depending on periodontal disease severity only minor differences in bacterial prevalence were detected. With increasing severity of periodontal disease, higher aMMP-8 levels were observed. Accordingly, a significant difference in patients with moderate periodontal disease (RA: 15.3 ± 13.8; HC: 9.1 ± 9.1; p ≤ 0.01) and severe periodontal disease (RA: 21.7 ± 13.3; HC: 13.1 ± 8.6; p = 0.07) was detected, with a greater tendency in the latter group. The increased aMMP-8 levels in the RA group indicate that the presence of RA appears to have an influence on the host response at a comparable level of bacterial load and periodontal disease severity. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  2. PRACTICAL PERIODONTAL SURGERY: AN OVERVIEW

    OpenAIRE

    Krishna; Chandrashekar; Anuroopa; Senthil; Syed; Sandeep S; Kumuda; Ashwini

    2014-01-01

    The efficacy of periodontal surgery in the treatment of periodontal diseases not yet been systematically evaluated. The objective of this review was to systematically evaluate the efficacy of periodontal surgical procedures in the various treatment modalities. Periodontal disease is multifaceted in nature and scope. The problems created due to this inflammatory condition are different eg. gingival enlargement, osseous deformities, mucogingival problem which ultimately may ...

  3. Active Matrixmetalloproteinase-8 and periodontal bacteria - interlink between periodontitis and inflammatory bowel disease?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Schmidt, J; Weigert, M; Leuschner, C; Hartmann, H; Raddatz, D; Haak, R; Mausberg, R F; Kottmann, Tanja; Schmalz, G; Ziebolz, D

    2018-03-25

    The aim of this study was the investigation of concentration and prevalence of selected periodontal pathogenic bacteria and concentration of active matrix-metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) within a group of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and to compare the results with a group of healthy control subjects (HC). 59 IBD patients with Crohn`s disease (CD, n = 30) or ulcerative colitis (UC, n = 29) and 59 HC were included in this cross-sectional study. Based on periodontal probing depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL), periodontitis was classified into healthy/mild, moderate or severe. aMMP-8 was analyzed from gingival crevicular fluid using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Eleven selected periodontal pathogenic bacteria were analyzed in subgingival plaque samples using polymerase chain reaction. IBD patients showed higher CAL (p periodontitis (p = 0.04), gingival bleeding (p periodontitis was associated with an increase in aMMP-8 concentration (p = 0.02). The prevalences of Eubacterium nodatum and Eikanella corrodens were significantly lower in IBD compared to HC (p = 0.01). Additionally, the prevalence of Eikanella corrodens was significantly higher in CD compared to UC group (p = 0.04). Further statistically significant differences in selected bacteria between IBD and HC or CD and UC groups could not be found (p > 0.05). The results reveal changes in host immune response of IBD patients in terms of aMMP-8. Only in CD increasing aMMP-8 was associated with severity of periodontal disease. The role of periodontal pathogenic bacteria in the interrelation between IBD and periodontitis remains unclear. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

  4. Detection of Periodontal Markers in Chronic Periodontitis

    Science.gov (United States)

    Leonhardt, Åsa; Carlén, Anette; Bengtsson, Lisbeth; Dahlén, Gunnar

    2011-01-01

    The aim was to compare the detection frequency of periodontopathogens by using the Pado Test 4.5 and checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization technique in chronic periodontitis patients. Thirty patients with chronic periodontitis were tested cross-sectionally with DNA/RNA oligogenomic probe method (IAI Pado Test 4.5) and DNA/DNA whole genomic probe (checkerboard) method. Samples were taken by two paper points at the deepest site in each of the four quadrants and pooled into one sample for each of the two methods. The samples were sent to the two laboratories (IAI, Zuchwil, Switzerland, and Oral Microbiology Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Sweden) and were analyzed in a routine setting for the presence and amount of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia and Treponema denticola. While Pado Test 4.5 detected the four periodontal pathogens in 11 (36.7%) of the patients, the checkerboard method showed presence in all patients (100%) using the lower score (Score 1 corresponding to 104 bacterial cells) and 16 (53.3%) using a higher treshold (score 3 corresponding to between >105 and 106 cells). The results of the present study showed low agreement for a positive microbiological outcome using the two diagnostic methods. It was also concluded that microbiological analysis in practice should include a larger number of bacterial species to better serve as markers for a diseased associated flora in chronic periodontitis cases. PMID:21769304

  5. a enfermedades laborales en España, 2004

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana M. García García

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available Fundamento: El registro de enfermedades profesionales en España resulta insuficiente para valorar el impacto de las enfermedades de origen laboral en nuestro país. En el presente estudio se estima la mortalidad por enfermedades laborales y sus costes en base a riesgos atribuibles estimados en la literatura internacional. Métodos: Se aplican estimaciones de riesgo atribuible para la mortalidad de origen laboral calculadas por Nurminen y Karjalainen (Finlandia, 2001 al total de muertes por las enfermedades y grupos de edad relevantes en España y por comunidades autónomas en 2004. Se calculan los años potenciales de vida y de vida laboral perdidos. A partir de estos últimos, se estiman los costes actualizados de la pérdida de vida productiva debida a las muertes por enfermedades laborales en España. Resultados: Según nuestras estimaciones, en 2004 se habrían producido en España cerca de 16.000 muertes por enfermedades relacionadas con exposiciones laborales, la mayoría en hombres (87%. Estas muertes habrían causado cerca de 152.000 años potenciales de vida perdidos y algo más de 47.000 años potenciales de vida laboral perdidos, lo que conllevaría un coste actualizado en pérdidas de productividad entre 580 y 1.000 millones de euros. Conclusiones: En 2004 el registro de enfermedades profesionales en España sólo recogió dos muertes por esta causa. Sin embargo, los resultados del presente estudio ponen de manifiesto la importancia de las condiciones de trabajo como determinantes de muertes evitables en la población y la inminente necesidad de sistemas de vigilancia y prevención adecuados para afrontar en toda su magnitud este problema para la salud pública.

  6. Combined periodontic-orthodonticendodontic interdisciplinary approach in the treatment of periodontally compromised tooth

    OpenAIRE

    Deepa, D; Mehta, D. S.; Puri, Viren K.; Shetty, Sadashiva

    2010-01-01

    Orthodontic treatment in adult patients is one of the most frequently encountered components involving multidisciplinary approaches. In the present report, a 28-year-old male patient was treated for localized chronic periodontitis with pocket formation, mobility, pathologic migration and malalignment of maxillary left lateral incisor tooth #22. The periodontal therapy included motivation, education and oral-hygiene instructions (O.H.I.), scaling and root planing and periodontal flap surgery. ...

  7. Trastornos del sueño en las enfermedades neurodegenerativas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dr. C. Marcelo Miranda

    2013-05-01

    Full Text Available Las enfermedades degenerativas del cerebro son cada vez más frecuentes, debido al envejecimiento de la población en Chile y en prácticamente todas las regiones del mundo. Las alteraciones del sueño son un componente importante cada vez mejor reconocido en sus manifestaciones clínicas, si bien frecuentemente ignorados en muchas de las evaluaciones. No obstante, es muy importante reconocer estos trastornos porque dificultan el manejo óptimo de estas complejas enfermedades. Por ejemplo, cuadros como el trastorno conductual del sueño REM (por Rapid Eye Movements, en Inglés, un componente de los ciclos del sueño que incluye el fenómeno de “actuar los sueños” se han configurado como potenciales biomarcadores de la presencia de la enfermedad de Parkinson. Por lo tanto, se trata no sólo de identificar trastornos y manifestaciones específicas dentro del contexto de las enfermedades ya aludidas, sino que también de utilizar estos trastornos clave como elementos importantes en el diagnóstico precoz de las mismas. En esta revisión analizamos los principales problemas relacionados al sueño que es posible observar en este tipo de enfermedades, y que forman parte de las consideraciones esenciales para un manejo óptimo, actualizado e integral de estas enfermedades (Parasomnias, enfermedades neurodegenerativas, apneas del sueño.

  8. Enfermedad de Gumboro. Histopatología de la Bursa de Fabricio en la enfermedad natural y experimental en pollos de engorde

    OpenAIRE

    E, Babaahmady; R, Joa.-; Julia, Noda.

    2005-01-01

    La Enfermedad de Gumboro, o Enfermedad Infecciosa de la Bolsa de Fabricio (EIBF) es una enfermedad viral, infectocontagiosa de los pollos jóvenes, que puede afectar al pollo de engorde provocando inmunosupresión y mortalidad. Las cepas del virus EIBF se diferencian en su patogenicidad basado en el efecto que producen en los órganos linfoides principalmente la bolsa de Fabricio y como consecuencia la reducida respuesta inmune a infecciones con otros patógenos o vacunas que se aplican. En este ...

  9. Acute periodontal lesions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Herrera, David; Alonso, Bettina; de Arriba, Lorenzo; Santa Cruz, Isabel; Serrano, Cristina; Sanz, Mariano

    2014-06-01

    This review provides updates on acute conditions affecting the periodontal tissues, including abscesses in the periodontium, necrotizing periodontal diseases and other acute conditions that cause gingival lesions with acute presentation, such as infectious processes not associated with oral bacterial biofilms, mucocutaneous disorders and traumatic and allergic lesions. A periodontal abscess is clinically important because it is a relatively frequent dental emergency, it can compromise the periodontal prognosis of the affected tooth and bacteria within the abscess can spread and cause infections in other body sites. Different types of abscesses have been identified, mainly classified by their etiology, and there are clear differences between those affecting a pre-existing periodontal pocket and those affecting healthy sites. Therapy for this acute condition consists of drainage and tissue debridement, while an evaluation of the need for systemic antimicrobial therapy will be made for each case, based on local and systemic factors. The definitive treatment of the pre-existing condition should be accomplished after the acute phase is controlled. Necrotizing periodontal diseases present three typical clinical features: papilla necrosis, gingival bleeding and pain. Although the prevalence of these diseases is not high, their importance is clear because they represent the most severe conditions associated with the dental biofilm, with very rapid tissue destruction. In addition to bacteria, the etiology of necrotizing periodontal disease includes numerous factors that alter the host response and predispose to these diseases, namely HIV infection, malnutrition, stress or tobacco smoking. The treatment consists of superficial debridement, careful mechanical oral hygiene, rinsing with chlorhexidine and daily re-evaluation. Systemic antimicrobials may be used adjunctively in severe cases or in nonresponding conditions, being the first option metronidazole. Once the acute

  10. [Periodontal abscess: etiology, diagnosis and treatment].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vályi, Péter; Gorzó, István

    2004-08-01

    The periodontal abscess is an acute destructive process in the periodontium resulting in localized collections of pus communicating with the oral cavity through the gingival sulcus or other periodontal sites and not arising from the tooth pulp. The prevalence of periodontal abscess is relatively high and it affects the prognosis of the tooth. Periodontal abscesses can develop on the base of persisting periodontitis but can also occur in the absence of periodontitis. The cause of the development of periodontal abscess originating from chronic periodontitis is the marginal closure of a periodontal pocket, or the pocket lumen might be too tight to drain the increased suppuration due to changes in the composition of subgingival microflora, alteration of bacterial virulence or host defenses. Diagnosis of a periodontal abscess is based on medical and dental history as well as oral examination (pocket depth, swelling, suppuration, mobility, sensibility of the tooth). The most prevalent group of bacteria: P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, B. forsythus, F. nucleatum and P. micros. Previous studies have suggested that the complete therapy of the periodontitis patients with acute periodontal abscess has to do in two stages: the first stage is the management of acute lesions, then the second stage is the appropriate comprehensive treatment of the original and/or residual lesions. The management of acute lesions includes establishing drainage via pocket lumen, subgingival scaling and root planing, curettage of the lining pocket epithelia and seriously inflamed connective tissue, compressing pocket wall to underlying tooth and periodontal support, and maintaining tissue contact. Some authors recommend the incision or to establish drainage and irrigation, or a flap surgery, or even extraction of hopeless teeth. We recommend the use of systemic antibiotics as a preventive measure of systemic disease or in case of systemic symptoms.

  11. Host modulation therapeutics in periodontics: role as an adjunctive periodontal therapy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shinwari, Muhammad Saad; Tanwir, Farzeen; Hyder, Pakiza Raza; Bin Saeed, Muhammad Humza

    2014-09-01

    Host Modulation Therapy (HMT) is a treatment concept that reduces tissue destruction and stabilizes or even regenerates inflammatory tissue by modifying host response factors. It has been used for treating osteoporosis and arthritis for several decades. However, its use in dentistry has only been recently reported. The objective of this article is to present a review of the various literatures available on HMT and also its role as adjunct therapy in periodontics. For identifying studies for this review, a PUBMED search was carried out in 2013 for all articles published till December 2012. The search was restricted to English language publications only. Longitudinal prospective and retrospective studies were included in the search. The key words used were: Host Modulation Therapy; Sub antimicrobial dose doxycycline and Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy. The main outcomes sought were host modulation therapeutics in periodontics. Exclusion criteria included cross sectional studies, short case series as well as studies with short follow-up periods. There is a paucity of literature on HMT in periodontics although the only drug approved by United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is a subantimicrobial dose of doxycycline (SDD) with highly predictable results as a host modulating agent in periodontal diseases and also an effective adjunctive therapy in various diseases of periodontium. However, more randomized controlled trials are needed to obtain clinical guidelines on the usage of other host modulating agents as adjunct as well as definite therapy for periodontal diseases. SDD is an effective adjunct therapy when used in dosage of 20mg twice daily for minimum 3 months duration in various periodontal diseases with predictable clinical outcomes. It is also recommended that future clinical research on anti cytokine drugs, chemically modified tetracycline and other HMT agents should be conducted so that new drugs are available with highly predictable results.

  12. Generalized Severe Periodontitis and Periodontal Abscess in Type 2 Diabetes: A Case Report

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sonnenschein Sarah K.

    2016-07-01

    Full Text Available The bidirectional relationship between periodontitis and diabetes mellitus can cause distinct oral symptoms that can impact the general health conditions of affected patients. The presented case report of a female diabetes type 2 patient with severe periodontitis and a periodontal abscess shows how interdisciplinary collaboration between the attending physician and dentist can significantly improve oral conditions and metabolic control.

  13. Gene polymorphisms in chronic periodontitis

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Laine, M.L.; Loos, B.G.; Crielaard, W.

    2010-01-01

    We aimed to conduct a review of the literature for gene polymorphisms associated with chronic periodontitis (CP) susceptibility. A comprehensive search of the literature in English was performed using the keywords: periodontitis, periodontal disease, combined with the words genes, mutation, or

  14. Periodontal Regenerative Therapy in Patient with Chronic Periodontitis and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case Report.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Seshima, Fumi; Nishina, Makiko; Namba, Takashi; Saito, Atsushi

    2016-01-01

    We report a case of generalized chronic periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus requiring periodontal treatment including regenerative therapy. The patient was a 66-year-old man who presented with the chief complaint of gingival inflammation and mobile teeth in the molar region. He had been being treated for type 2 diabetes mellitus since 1999. His glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level was 7.8%. An initial examination revealed sites with a probing depth of ≥7 mm in the molar region, and radiography revealed angular bone defects in this area. Based on a clinical diagnosis of generalized chronic periodontitis, the patient underwent initial periodontal therapy. An improvement was observed in periodontal conditions on reevaluation, and his HbA1c level showed a reduction to 6.9%. Periodontal regenerative therapy with enamel matrix derivative was then performed on #16, 26, and 27. Following another reevaluation, a removable partial denture was fabricated for #47 and the patient placed on supportive periodontal therapy (SPT). To date, periodontal conditions have remained stable and the patient's HbA1c level has increased to 7.5% during SPT. The results show the importance of collaboration between dentist and physician in managing periodontal and diabetic conditions in such patients.

  15. [Discussion on combined periodontic-endodontic lesion type].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, Kai; Zhou, Li

    2008-02-01

    Combined the elaboration on periodontic-endodontic lesion in the textbook Periodontics with the deficiencies existed in the clinical and teaching work and demonstrated the understanding on the type of the combined periodontic-endodontic lesion, and suggested the viewpoint of no sub-type of combined periodontic-endodontic lesion. Only regard the type of pulp disease that induced by periodontal disease as genuine combined periodontic-endodontic lesion.

  16. Association of Periodontitis and Subsequent Depression

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hsu, Chih-Chao; Hsu, Yi-Chao; Chen, Hsuan-Ju; Lin, Che-Chen; Chang, Kuang-Hsi; Lee, Chang-Yin; Chong, Lee-Won; Kao, Chia-Hung

    2015-01-01

    Abstract Periodontitis is a systemic and chronic inflammatory disease associated with multiple physical conditions. Distress and depression are other problems affecting the progression of periodontitis. However, the causal relationship between depression and periodontitis has not been adequately investigated. This aim of this study was to determine the association between periodontitis and the subsequent development of depression. We identified 12,708 patients with newly diagnosed periodontitis from 2000 to 2005 and 50,832 frequency-matched individuals without periodontitis. Both groups were followed until diagnosed with depression, withdrawal from the National Health Insurance program, or the end of 2011. The association between periodontitis and depressio was analyzed using Cox proportional hazard regression models. The incidence density rate of depression was higher in the periodontitis group than in the nonperiodontitis group, with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.73 (95% confidence interval 1.58–1.89) when adjusting for sex, age, and comorbidity. Cox models revealed that periodontitis was an independent risk factor for depression in patients, except for comorbidities of diabetes mellitus (DM), alcohol abuse, and cancer. Periodontitis may increase the risk of subsequent depression and was suggested an independent risk factor regardless of sex, age, and most comorbidities. However, DM, alcohol abuse, and cancer may prevent the development of subsequent depression because of DM treatment, the paradoxical effect of alcohol, and emotional distress to cancer, respectively. Prospective studies on the relationship between periodontitis and depression are warranted. PMID:26705230

  17. Relationship between invasion of the periodontium by periodontal pathogens and periodontal disease: a systematic review.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mendes, Luzia; Azevedo, Nuno Filipe; Felino, António; Pinto, Miguel Gonçalves

    2015-01-01

    Bacterial invasion of the periodontal tissues has been suggested as a relevant step in the etiopathogenesis of periodontal disease. However, its exact importance remains to be defined. The present systematic review assessed the scientific evidence concerning the relationship between the quality or quantity of periodontal microbiota in periodontal tissues and development of periodontal disease. The databases Medline-PubMed, Cochrane-CENTRAL, ISI Web of Knowledge and SCOPUS were searched, up to January 2014. Studies that reported evaluation of periodontal pathogens invasion on human tissues were selected. The screening of 440 title/abstracts elected 26 papers for full-text reading. Twenty three papers were subsequently excluded because of insufficient data or a study protocol not related to the objectives of this systematic review. All included studies were case-control studies that evaluated intracellular or adherent bacteria to epithelial cells from periodontal pockets versus healthy sulci. Study protocols presented heterogeneity regarding case and control definitions and methodological approaches for microbial identification. No consistent significant differences were found related to the presence/absence or proportion of specific periopathogens across the studies, as only one study found statistically significant differences regarding the presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans (p = 0.043), T. forsythia (P periodontal pockets vs. healthy sulci. All studies reported a larger unspecific bacterial load in or on the epithelial cells taken from a diseased site compared to a healthy sulcus. The current available data is of low to moderate quality and inconsistent mainly due to study design, poor reporting and methodological diversity. As so, there is insufficient evidence to support or exclude the invasion by periodontal pathogens as a key step in the etiopathogenesis of periodontal disease. Further research is needed.

  18. Periodontitis and increase in circulating oxidative stress

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Takaaki Tomofuji

    2009-05-01

    Full Text Available Reactive oxygen species (ROS are products of normal cellular metabolism. However, excessive production of ROS oxidizes DNA, lipids and proteins, inducing tissue damage. Studies have shown that periodontitis induces excessive ROS production in periodontal tissue. When periodontitis develops, ROS produced in the periodontal lesion diffuse into the blood stream, resulting in the oxidation of blood molecules (circulating oxidative stress. Such oxidation may be detrimental to systemic health. For instance, previous animal studies suggested that experimental periodontitis induces oxidative damage of the liver and descending aorta by increasing circulating oxidative stress. In addition, it has been revealed that clinical parameters in chronic periodontitis patients showed a significant improvement 2 months after periodontal treatment, which was accompanied by a significant reduction of reactive oxygen metabolites in plasma. Improvement of periodontitis by periodontal treatment could reduce the occurrence of circulating oxidative stress. Furthermore, recent studies indicate that the increase in circulating oxidative stress following diabetes mellitus and inappropriate nutrition damages periodontal tissues. In such cases, therapeutic approaches to systemic oxidative stress might be necessary to improve periodontal health.

  19. Desigualdades sociales en la mortalidad de enfermedades por causas externas, tumores, enfermedades metabólicas en el departamento de Caldas 2010-2013

    OpenAIRE

    Marín Ocampo, Angela María

    2017-01-01

    Objetivo. Determinar las desigualdades sociales en la mortalidad de enfermedades por causas externas, enfermedades metabólicas y tumores en los municipios del departamento de Caldas en el período 2010-2013.

  20. Strengthening the prevention of periodontal disease

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Petersen, Poul Erik; Ogawa, Hiroshi

    2005-01-01

    BACKGROUND: The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the burden of periodontal disease in adult populations worldwide, to emphasize the essential risk factors common to periodontal disease and chronic diseases, to outline important new strategies for effective prevention of periodontal...... disease, and to inform about the role of the World Health Organization (WHO) in developing a national capacity for the prevention of disease. METHODS: Information about periodontal health status as measured by the Community Periodontal Index system is stored in the WHO Global Oral Health Data Bank....... Updated information concerning WHO standard age groups was used to describe the prevalence rates of signs of periodontal disease, i.e., gingival bleeding, periodontal pocketing, and loss of attachment. RESULTS: Gingival bleeding is highly prevalent among adult populations in all regions of the world...

  1. Role of genetic in periodontal disease

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Anand Narayanrao Wankhede

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Genetics is the study and understanding of the phenomena of heredity and variation. A large number of genes are associated with many systemic conditions. Periodontitis is inflammatory condition of periodontium. Periodontium consists of gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. It is considered being a multifactorial disease. Studies of animals and humans support the concept that a large number of genes' factor may be associated with periodontitis and clearly play a role in the predisposition and progression of periodontal diseases. It has been proven that genetic factors impair inflammatory and immune responses during periodontal diseases. Research on identifying specific genes causing periodontitis may improve and prevent the disease progression. The aim of this article is to focus on genetic risk factors and its influence for the various forms of periodontal disease.

  2. Effect of Periodontal Dressing on Wound Healing and Patient Satisfaction Following Periodontal Flap Surgery.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sara Soheilifar

    2015-04-01

    Full Text Available It has been claimed that periodontal dressing reduces the risk of wound infection, bleeding and granulation tissue formation and improves tissue healing. This study sought to assess the effect of periodontal dressing on wound healing and patient satisfaction following periodontal flap surgery.This clinical trial was conducted on 33 patients presenting to Hamadan University, School of Dentistry in 2012 whose treatment plan included two periodontal surgical procedures on both quadrants of the maxilla or mandible. The variables evaluated were severity of pain, bleeding, facial swelling and ease of nutrition experienced by patient during the first 3 days after surgery and inflammation, granulation tissue formation and gingival color at 7 and 14 days. Obtained data were analyzed using SPSS version 16.0 and R software and chi-square and t-tests.The mean (±SD pain score was 1.73±1.153 and 2.79±1.933 in surgical sites with and without periodontal dressing, respectively and this difference was statistically significant (P=0.005. No significant difference was noted between sites with and without periodontal dressing in terms of swelling, bleeding, gingival consistency, granulation tissue formation, gingival color and ease of nutrition (P>0.05.According to the results of the present study, patients did not experience more bleeding, facial swelling or nutritional problems without periodontal dressing; however, the level of pain experienced was lower after surgeries with the use of periodontal dressing.

  3. Combined periodontic-orthodonticendodontic interdisciplinary approach in the treatment of periodontally compromised tooth.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Deepa, D; Mehta, D S; Puri, Viren K; Shetty, Sadashiva

    2010-04-01

    Orthodontic treatment in adult patients is one of the most frequently encountered components involving multidisciplinary approaches. In the present report, a 28-year-old male patient was treated for localized chronic periodontitis with pocket formation, mobility, pathologic migration and malalignment of maxillary left lateral incisor tooth #22. The periodontal therapy included motivation, education and oral-hygiene instructions (O.H.I.), scaling and root planing and periodontal flap surgery. Subsequently on resolution of periodontal inflammation, orthodontic therapy was carried out using the orthodontic aligner for a period of 6 months. Post-treatment (3 years) results showed complete resolution of infrabony pocket with significant bone fill, reduced tooth mobility and complete alignment of the affected maxillary left lateral incisor, thus restoring the esthetics and function.

  4. Common periodontal diseases of children and adolescents.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Al-Ghutaimel, Hayat; Riba, Hisham; Al-Kahtani, Salem; Al-Duhaimi, Saad

    2014-01-01

    Background. Since 2000, studies, experiments, and clinical observations revealed high prevalence of periodontal diseases among children and adolescents. Therefore, this paper was designed to provide an update for dental practitioners on epidemiology, microbiology, pathology, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of periodontal diseases in children and adolescents. Methods. This paper reviews the current literature concerning periodontal diseases in pediatric dentistry. It includes MEDLINE database search using key terms: "periodontal diseases in children," "Periodontal diseasesin adolescents," "periodontal diseases risk factors," "microbiology of periodontal diseases," "classification of periodontal diseases," "epidemiology of periodontal diseases," and "treatment of periodontal diseases." Articles were evaluated by title and/or abstract and relevance to pediatric dentistry. Sixty-five citations were selected by this method and by the references within the chosen articles. A review of the comprehensive textbooks on pediatric dentistry and periodontology was done. Some recommendations were based on the opinions of experienced researchers and clinicians, when data were inconclusive.

  5. Periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shub, Alexis; Swain, Jonathan R; Newnham, John P

    2006-09-01

    Periodontal disease is a common infectious disease in women of reproductive age. The disease is often not diagnosed and in studies of over 10 000 women has been associated with preterm birth, small for gestational age newborns, and preeclampsia. It has been shown in a smaller number of women that treatment of periodontal disease may reduce the rate of preterm birth. The pregnancy complications of periodontal disease may be due to lipopolysaccharide from the periodontal pockets inciting prostaglandin pathways controlling parturition. Three large randomized controlled trials of treatment of periodontal disease are underway and may provide confirmation of the importance of periodontal disease in causing complications of pregnancy.

  6. Prevalence of Clinical Periodontitis and Putative Periodontal Pathogens among South Indian Pregnant Women

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Chaitanya Tellapragada

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available In view of recent understanding of the association of periodontal infections and adverse pregnancy outcomes, the present investigation was undertaken to study the periodontal infections among 390 asymptomatic pregnant women and to find an association of bacterial etiologies with the disease. Prevalence of gingivitis was 38% and clinical periodontitis was 10% among the study population. Subgingival plaque specimens were subjected to multiplex PCR targeting ten putative periodontopathogenic bacteria. Among the periodontitis group, high detection rates of Porphyromonas gingivalis (56%, Prevotella nigrescens (44%, Treponema denticola (32%, and Prevotella intermedius (24% were noted along with significant association with the disease (P<0.05.

  7. Tratamiento de la enfermedad de Graves Basedow

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hernando Vargas-Uricoechea

    2014-05-01

    Full Text Available Se realizó una revisión narrativa rigurosa de la literatura inglesa y en español sobre diferentes aspectos de la Enfermedad de Graves-Basedow e hipertiroidismo. Esta patología –parte de la llamada “enfermedad tiroidea autoinmune”- se produce como consecuencia de la presencia de anticuerpos circulantes que se unen y activan al receptor de tirotropina, desencadenándose generalmente el hipertiroidismo en asociación con un estrés agudo. En este artículo actualizamos tanto el manejo de hipertiroidismo como el de problemas especiales con el que puede estar asociado. La fisiopatología y el diagnóstico de la Enfermedad de Graves-Basedow son motivo de otra publicación.

  8. [Effect of periodontal mechanical treatment on periodontal pathogenic bacteria in gingival crevicular fluid of chronic periodontitis patients].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ding, Fang; Meng, Huan-xin; Li, Qi-qiang; Zhao, Yi-bing; Feng, Xiang-hui; Zhang, Li

    2010-04-18

    To evaluate the subgingival prevalent rates of 6 periodontal pathogenic bacteria in gingival crevicular fluids of CP patients before and after treatment, to analyze the relationship between the prevalent variance and periodontal clinical parameters, and to provide a microbiologic method of evaluating curative effect and estimating the prognosis. Gingival crevicular fluids of 13 CP patients were collected at baseline, 2 weeks, 2 months and 4 months after periodontal mechanical treatment. Also, gingival crevicular fluids were collected from 11 healthy subjects. Six periodontal pathogenic bacteria including Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Porphyromonas gingivalis(Pg), Tannerella forsythensis (Tf), Prevotella intermedia (Pi), Fusobacterium nucleatum(Fn), Prevotella nigrescens (Pn) were detected by 16S rRNA based PCR. The PLI, PD, BI of the CP patients 2 months and 4 months after periodontal mechanical treatment were evidently less than those before treatment. These 4 months after treatment were a little more than those 2 months after. The six bacteria were more frequently detected in the CP patients at baseline than in healthy controls. The prevalent rates of Tf (42.1%, 73.7%, 70.2%), Pg (47.4%, 68.4%, 77.2%), Aa (15.8%, 22.8%, 7.0%), Pn (38.6%, 57.9%, 64.9%), Pi(15.8%, 38.6%, 42.1%) 2 weeks, 2 months and 4 months following treatment were significantly lower than those at baseline (Tf 96.5%, Pg 93.0%, Aa 36.8%, Pn 86.0%, Pi 84.2%), but the prevalent rates of all the detected bacteria 2 months after treatment were higher than those at 2 weeks after. Tf, Pg, Aa, Pn and Pi may cooperate in the development of CP. The changes of periodontal pathogenic bacteria could be detected before the changes of clinical parameters and the patients should be re-evaluated and re-treated regularly within 2 months after treatment.

  9. Relationship between invasion of the periodontium by periodontal pathogens and periodontal disease: a systematic review

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mendes, Luzia; Azevedo, Nuno Filipe; Felino, António; Pinto, Miguel Gonçalves

    2015-01-01

    Bacterial invasion of the periodontal tissues has been suggested as a relevant step in the etiopathogenesis of periodontal disease. However, its exact importance remains to be defined. The present systematic review assessed the scientific evidence concerning the relationship between the quality or quantity of periodontal microbiota in periodontal tissues and development of periodontal disease. The databases Medline-PubMed, Cochrane-CENTRAL, ISI Web of Knowledge and SCOPUS were searched, up to January 2014. Studies that reported evaluation of periodontal pathogens invasion on human tissues were selected. The screening of 440 title/abstracts elected 26 papers for full-text reading. Twenty three papers were subsequently excluded because of insufficient data or a study protocol not related to the objectives of this systematic review. All included studies were case-control studies that evaluated intracellular or adherent bacteria to epithelial cells from periodontal pockets versus healthy sulci. Study protocols presented heterogeneity regarding case and control definitions and methodological approaches for microbial identification. No consistent significant differences were found related to the presence/absence or proportion of specific periopathogens across the studies, as only one study found statistically significant differences regarding the presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans (p = 0.043), T. forsythia (P < 0.001), P. intermedia (P < 0.001), C. ochracea (P < 0.001) and C. rectus (P = 0.003) in epithelial cells from periodontal pockets vs. healthy sulci. All studies reported a larger unspecific bacterial load in or on the epithelial cells taken from a diseased site compared to a healthy sulcus. The current available data is of low to moderate quality and inconsistent mainly due to study design, poor reporting and methodological diversity. As so, there is insufficient evidence to support or exclude the invasion by periodontal pathogens as a key step in the

  10. Interaction Between Immune Cells and Bacteria Associated With Periodontitis

    Science.gov (United States)

    2017-07-22

    Periodontal Diseases; Periodontitis; Aggressive Periodontitis; Immunologic Disease; Microbial Disease; Periodontal Pocket; Inflammation; Inflammation Gum; Dysbiosis; Rheumatoid Arthritis; Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis; Generalized Chronic Periodontitis; Chronic Periodontitis

  11. Effect of nonsurgical periodontal treatment in patients with periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review

    Science.gov (United States)

    Silvestre-Rangil, Javier; Bagan, Leticia; Bagan, Jose V.

    2016-01-01

    Background Periodontitis has been regarded as a potential risk factor for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A systematic review is made to determine whether nonsurgical periodontal treatment in patients with RA offers benefits in terms of the clinical activity and inflammatory markers of the disease. Material and Methods A search was made of the Medline-PubMed, Cochrane, Embase and Scopus databases to identify studies on the relationship between the two disease processes, and especially on the effects of nonsurgical treatment in patients of this kind. The search was based on the following keywords: rheumatoid arthritis AND periodontitis (MeSH), rheumatoid arthritis AND periodontal treatment. Results Eight articles on the nonsurgical treatment of patients with periodontitis and RA were finally included in the study. All of them evaluated clinical (DAS28) and laboratory test activity (ESR, CRP, IL-6, TNFα) before and after treatment. A clear decrease in DAS28 score and ESR was recorded, while other parameters such as CRP, IL-6 and TNFα showed a non significant tendency to decrease as a result of treatment. Conclusions Nonsurgical treatment improved the periodontal condition of patients with periodontitis and RA, with beneficial effects upon the clinical and laboratory test parameters (DAS28 and ESR), while other inflammatory markers showed a marked tendency to decrease. However, all the studies included in the review involved small samples sizes and follow-up periods of no more than 6 months. Larger and particularly longitudinal studies are therefore needed to more firmly establish possible significant relations between the two disease processes. Key words:Periodontitis, rheumatoid arthritis, periodontal treatment. PMID:26946202

  12. Total anti-oxidant capacity of saliva in chronic periodontitis patients before and after periodontal treatment.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shirzaiy, M; Ansari, S M; Dehghan, J H; Ghaeni, S H

    2014-01-01

    Periodontal disease is among the most common inflammatory conditions which is associated with many different factors. One of the contributing factors to the pathogenesis of this condition may compromise the defensive mechanism of antioxidants. The present study evaluates the antioxidant capacity of saliva in periodontal patients before and after periodontal treatment. In this cross sectional study, 31 patients systemically healthy non smokers with chronic periodontitis were recruited. The antioxidant capacity of saliva was measured before the initial phase of periodontal therapy and after completion of the treatment. Data were analyzed using SPSS 19 software. Paired T-Test, Independent sample T-test and ANOVA tests were used as appropriated. The mean and standard deviation antioxidant capacity of the saliva after the treatment.(0.962± 0.287µM)was significantly higher than before the treatment (0.655 ± 0.281 µM ,pperiodontal treatment was higher among men than among women; however, the difference was not significant (P=0.07). The mean difference of salivary antioxidant capacity was not significantly differed among different ages (P=0.772). The antioxidant capacity of saliva was higher after periodontal therapy among patients with periodontal disease, however the change was not varied across the ages and gender. Therefore, the alterations in the defensive mechanism of antioxidants could be the key factors contribute to the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases.

  13. Periodontics--tissue engineering and the future.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Douglass, Gordon L

    2005-03-01

    Periodontics has a long history of utilizing advances in science to expand and improve periodontal therapies. Recently the American Academy of Periodontology published the findings of the Contemporary Science Workshop, which conducted state-of-the-art evidence-based reviews of current and emerging areas in periodontics. The findings of this workshop provide the basis for an evidence-based approach to periodontal therapy. While the workshop evaluated all areas of periodontics, it is in the area of tissue engineering that the most exciting advances are becoming a reality.

  14. Dietary arginine silicate inositol complex inhibits periodontal tissue loss in rats with ligature-induced periodontitis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dundar, Serkan; Eltas, Abubekir; Hakki, Sema S; Malkoc, Sıddık; Uslu, M Ozay; Tuzcu, Mehmet; Komorowski, James; Ozercan, I Hanifi; Akdemir, Fatih; Sahin, Kazim

    2016-01-01

    The purpose of this study was to induce experimental periodontitis in rats previously fed diets containing arginine silicate inositol (ASI) complex and examine the biochemical, immunological, and radiological effects. Fifty two 8-week-old female Sprague Dawley rats were equally divided into four groups. The control group included those fed a standard rat diet with no operation performed during the experiment. The periodontitis, ASI I, and ASI II groups were subjected to experimental periodontitis induction for 11 days after being fed a standard rat diet alone, a diet containing 1.81 g/kg ASI complex, or a diet containing 3.62 g/kg ASI complex, respectively, for 8 weeks. Throughout the 11-day duration of periodontitis induction, all rats were fed standard feed. The rats were euthanized on the eleventh day, and their tissue and blood samples were collected. In the periodontitis group, elevated tissue destruction parameters and reduced tissue formation parameters were found, as compared to the ASI groups. Levels of enzymes, cytokines, and mediators associated with periodontal tissue destruction were lower in rats fed a diet containing ASI complex after experimental periodontitis. These results indicate that ASI complex could be an alternative agent for host modulation.

  15. La Tuberculosis, Una Enfermedad Modificada*

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    Valentin Malagón Castro

    1993-12-01

    Full Text Available

    Con ocasión de un estudio de revisión que hemos llevado a cabo recientemente sobre la tuberculosis osteoarticular, *** se ha apreciado un cambio notable en las características y manifestaciones de esta enfermedad.

    Hemos sido testigos del comportamiento de la tuberculosis en los últimos 40 años. Realizamos la tesis profesional en el Hospital de niños de la Misericordia de Bogotá en el año 1950 (86, basada en el análisis de más de 300 enfermos de Mal de Pott tratados con pobres resultados en esa institución en la época prequimioterápica. Efectuamos estudios de control del tratamiento quirúrgico de esa afección en el Hospital Infantil Lorencita Villegas de Santos y publicamos sus resultados en los años 1975,1980 Y1987 (85-87-88. Los pacientes correspondientes a estas nuevas series, ya en la época de la quimioterapia moderna, presentaban un mejor pronóstico vital y funcional. Cuadro 1A.

    En el decenio 1978-1988 asistimos al descenso espectacular de la frecuencia de tuberculosis osteoarticular en las salas de nuestros hospitales. Posteriormente hemos sido igualmente testigos de su lenta y progresiva reaparición.

    El estudio actual nos ha mostrado profundos cambios, como ya se ha dicho, en el comportamiento de la entidad, por lo que estamos de acuerdo en denominarla: La tuberculosis, una enfermedad modificada, diferente a la que hasta hace un década parecía derrotada, vencida por las nuevas drogas y las recientes técnicas quirúrgicas.

    La actual es una enfermedad diferente que ha tomado una fuerza avasalladora que amenaza con volverse resistente al tratamiento específico y dar lugar a una pandemia de incalculables proporciones y de terribles consecuencias para la humanidad.

    El objeto de publicar este estudio es recordar a nuestros colegas, en especial a aquellos de las nuevas promociones que quizás no han tenido la oportunidad de estar en contacto con pacientes de tuberculosis osteoarticular, de

  16. CARACTERIZACIÓN DE LA CONDICIÓN PERIODONTAL, HÁBITOS Y COSTUMBRES EN SALUD ORAL EN INDÍGENAS DE COMUNIDADES AMAZÓNICAS DE COLOMBIA: TARAPACÁ, AMAZONAS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yeni Patricia Molina Ibañez

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available Hay pocos estudios en el Amazonas Colombiano que permitan conocer el estado real de salud periodontal en esta población. El ENSAB III (Estudio Nacional de Salud Bucal evidencia condiciones desfavorables a nivel periodontal en esta zona del país. Objetivo: El propósito de este estudio fue caracterizar el estado periodontal de cuatro comunidades indígenas pertenecientes al corregimiento de Tarapacá, Amazonas, conocer sus creencias, hábitos y actitudes frente a los conceptos de salud oral, enfermedad gingival y la necesidad de intervención que requieran o no a nivel periodontal. Materiales y métodos: 80 habitantes nativos (28 hombres y 52 mujeres, con edades que oscilan entre los 20 y 81 años; quienes diligenciaron una encuesta conteniendo datos personales como hábitos (consumo de cigarrillo, tabaco, etc. y costumbres de higiene oral; se realizó un examen periodontal, registrando características clínicas (encía: color, sangrado, movilidad dental, etc. y medidas periodontales tomadas a cada diente (margen, surco, nivel de inserción, etc.. Resultados: se observó en la población alto porcentaje de sangrado (48%, placa bacteriana (77%, cálculos (41%. P=.0.001; a pesar de tener estas características el 82% de la población presentó surcos gingivales ≤3 mm. p= 0.05. El principal motivo de pérdida dental fue extracción (46.2%. Conclusiones: A pesar de tener altos niveles de placa bacteriana, sangrado y cálculos, la mayoría de los participantes presentaba sólo gingivitis (77.5%, en pocos casos se evidenció periodontitis (21.25%. El tratamiento que requieren es de baja complejidad y no se encontró relación directa entre los hallazgos encontrados, los hábitos de higiene oral y costumbres con el estado periodontal que presentan.

  17. Prediction of loss to follow-up in long-term supportive periodontal therapy in patients with chronic periodontitis.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Di Wu

    Full Text Available This study examined the predictors of loss to follow-up in long-term supportive periodontal therapy in patients with chronic periodontitis.A total of 280 patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis in a tertiary care hospital in China were investigated and followed over the course of study. Questionnaires on clinical and demographic characteristics, self-efficacy for oral self-care and dental fear at baseline were completed. Participants were followed to determine whether they could adhere to long-term supportive periodontal therapy. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between clinical and demographic characteristics, self-efficacy for oral self-care, dental fear and loss to follow-up in long-term supportive periodontal therapy.The loss to follow-up in long-term supportive periodontal therapy was significantly associated with age [adjusted OR = 1.042, 95% confidence interval (CI: 1.012-1.074, p = 0.006], severe periodontitis [adjusted OR = 4.892, 95%CI: 2.280-10.499, p<0.001], periodontal surgery [adjusted OR = 11.334, 95% CI: 2.235-57.472, p = 0.003], and middle and low-scoring of self-efficacy scale for self-care groups. The adjusted ORs of loss to follow-up for the middle- (54-59 and low-scoring groups (15-53 were 71.899 (95%CI: 23.926-216.062, p<0.001 and 4.800 (95% CI: 2.263-10.182, p<0.001, respectively, compared with the high-scoring SESS group (60-75.Age, severity of periodontitis, periodontal surgery and the level of self-efficacy for self-care may be effective predictors of loss to follow-up in long-term supportive periodontal therapy in patients with chronic periodontitis.

  18. Genes y variantes polimórficas asociadas a la enfermedad cardiovascular

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    Eliana C. Portilla

    2014-09-01

    Full Text Available La aterosclerosis se considera como la principal causante de enfermedades cardiovasculares. Es una enfermedad multifactorial, caracterizada por procesos inflamatorios y la internalización continua de moléculas lipídicas al interior del vaso. Los estudios de genes candidato han proporcionado conocimiento acerca de la fisiopatología de esta enfermedad y han permitido la postulación de algunos polimorfismos como responsables de la susceptibilidad genética en diversas poblaciones. En particular, estos polimorfismos que modulan ciertas vías moleculares tales como el estrés oxidativo, el metabolismo lipídico y la trombogénesis se asocian con el desarrollo de las enfermedades cardiovasculares. Se han conducido varios estudios para identificar nuevas variantes asociadas con la enfermedad que han permitido el descubrimiento de nuevas vías de la enfermedad. Aunque el hallazgo de nuevos genes asociados a la enfermedad cardiovascular a través de enfoques como el escaneo global del genoma ha contribuido al entendimiento del desarrollo de esta condición, el conocimiento aún es limitado y poco concluyente. El objetivo de esta revisión es identificar los genes y las variantes polimórficas asociadas a la enfermedad cardiovascular, de acuerdo con los diferentes enfoques de análisis de asociación genética.

  19. Historia, severidad de caries y necesidades de tratamiento periodontal en estudiantes de odontología de Cartagena

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Katherine Margarita Arrieta Vergara

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Determinar historia, severidad de caries y necesidades de tratamiento periodontal y su relación con variables demográficas en estudiantes de odontología. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal en una muestra probabilística de 221 estudiantes de odontología de una universidad pública de Cartagena. Se hicieron mediciones clínicas a través de los índices COP, ICDAS II, INTCP, higiene oral simplificado de Green y Vermillion. Se realizó análisis univariado y bivariado usando razones de disparidad y prueba estadística χ2 para la significancia estadística. Resultados: El promedio del COP-D fue de 4,2 y la severidad de caries COP ≤ 6 fue de 77,3% y COP >7 de 22,6%. En cuanto al tratamiento periodontal, los participantes necesitan: instrucción de higiene oral y motivación (29,4%, detartraje supragingival, profilaxis, higiene oral, motivación (22,6%, tratamiento complejo, profilaxis, higiene oral y motivación (41,1%. El análisis de razones de disparidad mostró asociación entre la higiene oral y la severidad de caries (OR=3,3 y enfermedad periodontal (OR=2,9. Conclusiones: Dada la carga de morbilidad en salud oral en esta población, se hace necesario implementar políticas que faciliten y fortalezcan una cultura de prevención y promoción en salud desde el ámbito universitario.

  20. The Effects of Antimicrobial Peptide Nal-P-113 on Inhibiting Periodontal Pathogens and Improving Periodontal Status

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    Hongyan Wang

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available Periodontal disease consists of chronic gingival inflammation characterized by both degradation of the periodontal connective tissue and alveolar bone loss. Drug therapy is used as an auxiliary treatment method in severe chronic periodontitis, aggressive periodontitis, and periodontitis-associated systemic disease. Nal-P-113, a modified antimicrobial peptide, specifically replaces the histidine residues of P-113 with the bulky amino acid β-naphthylalanine, and our previous studies have verified that this novel peptide is not toxic to the human body within a certain concentration range. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Nal-P-113 on periodontal pathogens and periodontal status in clinical studies. In a split-mouth clinical trial, the pocket depth and bleeding index values tended to decrease in the experimental group compared with those in the control group. SEM results verified that Nal-P-113 restrained the maturation of plaque. Based on real-time polymerase chain reaction, the levels of Fusobacterium nucleatum, Streptococcus gordonii, Treponema denticola, and Porphyromonas gingivalis in subgingival plaque were decreased when the subjects were given Nal-P-113. Bacterial growth curve analysis and a biofilm susceptibility assay verified that Nal-P-113 at a concentration of 20 μg/mL restrained the growth of S. gordonii, F. nucleatum, and P. gingivalis and biofilm formation. Therefore, Nal-P-113 effectively reduces periodontal pathogens and ameliorates periodontal status.

  1. Interleukin-32 levels in gingival crevicular fluid and saliva of patients with chronic periodontitis after periodontal treatment.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Öngöz Dede, F; Balli, U; Bozkurt Doğan, Ş; Güven, B

    2017-06-01

    The cytokine, interleukin (IL)-32, is a relatively new discovery. However, it is very powerful for stimulating tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) under inflammatory conditions. The objective of this research was to explore fluctuations in the levels of TNF-α, IL-32 and IL-10, in both saliva and gingival crevicular fluid. The focus was on measurements taken before and after clinical treatment of chronic periodontitis. For the purposes of the study, a total of 27 patients with chronic periodontitis and 27 controls (periodontally healthy) were recruited. Important clinical periodontal criteria were established before and 4 wk after the start of the research. The chronic periodontitis group was given an initial form of periodontal care. Samples of saliva and gingival crevicular fluid were collected exactly 4 wk preceding and 4 wk following the care. The levels of IL-10, IL-32 and TNF-α present in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid were recorded via the use of an ELISA. At baseline, the levels of TNF-α and IL-32 in the gingival crevicular fluid and saliva were significantly higher among patients in the chronic periodontitis group than among patients in the control group (p chronic periodontitis group than the control group (p chronic periodontitis group when compared with the baseline readings. However, the levels of IL-10 were significantly higher (p periodontitis. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  2. Periodontal bone lesions

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Linden, L.W.J. van der.

    1985-01-01

    In the course of life the periodontum is subject to changes which may be physiological or pathological. Intraoral radiographs give insight into the hard structures of the dentomaxillar region and provides information on lesions in the bone of the periodontum in that they show radiopacities and radiolucencies caused by such lesions. In this thesis the relation is investigated between the true shape and dimensions of periodontal bone lesions and their radiographic images. A method is developed and tested of making standardized and reproducible radiographs suitable for longitudinal studies of periodontal lesions. Also the possibility is demonstrated of an objective and reproducible interpretation of radiographic characteristics of periodontal bone lesions. (Auth.)

  3. Relationship between Acute Phase of Chronic Periodontitis and Meteorological Factors in the Maintenance Phase of Periodontal Treatment: A Pilot Study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Takeuchi, Noriko; Ekuni, Daisuke; Tomofuji, Takaaki; Morita, Manabu

    2015-08-05

    The acute phase of chronic periodontitis may occur even in patients during supportive periodontal therapy. However, the details are not fully understood. Since the natural environment, including meteorology affects human health, we hypothesized that weather conditions may affect occurrence of acute phase of chronic periodontitis. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between weather conditions and acute phase of chronic periodontitis in patients under supportive periodontal therapy. Patients who were diagnosed with acute phase of chronic periodontitis under supportive periodontal therapy during 2011-2013 were selected for this study. We performed oral examinations and collected questionnaires and meteorological data. Of 369 patients who experienced acute phase of chronic periodontitis, 153 had acute phase of chronic periodontitis without direct-triggered episodes. When using the autoregressive integrated moving average model of time-series analysis, the independent covariant of maximum hourly range of barometric pressure, maximum hourly range of temperature, and maximum daily wind speed were significantly associated with occurrence of acute phase of chronic periodontitis (p chronic periodontitis.

  4. Enfermedades poco comunes: una prioridad de los sistemas de salud

    OpenAIRE

    RAP

    2017-01-01

    Las enfermedades poco comunes, incluidas las de origen genético, son aquellas enfermedades que tienen una prevalencia baja, menor de 5 casos por cada 10.000 habitantes en la comunidad, según la definición de la Unión Europea. Estas enfermedades tienen ciertas características comunes. Son, en su mayor parte, degenerativas y constituyen una prioridad de los sistemas de salud.

  5. An update on periodontic-orthodontic interrelationships.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dannan, Aous

    2010-01-01

    Talking about periodontic-orthodontic interrelationships is related primarily to the 1960s, where a generalized increase in salivary bacterial counts, especially Lactobacillus, had been shown after orthodontic band placement. The purpose of this article is to provide the dental practitioner with basic understanding of the interrelationship between periodontics and orthodontics by means of representing classical studies, and, to give an update on this topic by demonstrating the most recent opinions concerning periodontic-orthodontic interrelationships. Specific areas reviewed are the ability of orthodontic treatment to afford some degree of protection against periodontal breakdown, short-term and long-term effects of orthodontic treatment on the periodontium, and some mucogingival considerations. Topics considering orthodontic treatment in periodontally compromised patients were not included in this review. While past studies have shown that orthodontic treatment can positively affect the periodontal health, recent reviews indicate an absence of reliable evidence for the positive effects of orthodontic therapy on patients' periodontal status. Periodontic-orthodontic interrelationships are still controversial issues. However, a standard language between the periodontist and the orthodontist must always be established to eliminate the existing communications barrier, and to improve the outcomes of the whole treatment.

  6. An update on periodontic-orthodontic interrelationships

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dannan Aous

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Talking about periodontic-orthodontic interrelationships is related primarily to the 1960s, where a generalized increase in salivary bacterial counts, especially Lactobacillus, had been shown after orthodontic band placement. The purpose of this article is to provide the dental practitioner with basic understanding of the interrelationship between periodontics and orthodontics by means of representing classical studies, and, to give an update on this topic by demonstrating the most recent opinions concerning periodontic-orthodontic interrelationships. Specific areas reviewed are the ability of orthodontic treatment to afford some degree of protection against periodontal breakdown, short-term and long-term effects of orthodontic treatment on the periodontium, and some mucogingival considerations. Topics considering orthodontic treatment in periodontally compromised patients were not included in this review. While past studies have shown that orthodontic treatment can positively affect the periodontal health, recent reviews indicate an absence of reliable evidence for the positive effects of orthodontic therapy on patients′ periodontal status. Periodontic-orthodontic interrelationships are still controversial issues. However, a standard language between the periodontist and the orthodontist must always be established to eliminate the existing communications barrier, and to improve the outcomes of the whole treatment.

  7. Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant System in Periodontitis

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, Yue; Andrukhov, Oleh; Rausch-Fan, Xiaohui

    2017-01-01

    Periodontitis is a common inflammatory disease, which is initiated by bacterial infection and subsequently progressed by aberrant host response. It can result in the destruction of teeth supporting tissues and have an influence on systemic health. When periodontitis occurs, reactive oxygen species, which are overproduced mostly by hyperactive neutrophils, could not be balanced by antioxidant defense system and cause tissues damage. This is characterized by increased metabolites of lipid peroxidation, DNA damage and protein damage. Local and systemic activities of antioxidants can also be influenced by periodontitis. Total antioxidant capacity, total oxidant status and oxidative stress index have been used to evaluate the oxidative stress associated with periodontitis. Studies have confirmed that inflammatory response in periodontitis is associated with an increased local and systemic oxidative stress and compromised antioxidant capacity. Our review focuses on increased oxidative stress in periodontal disease, specifically, on the relationship between the local and systemic biomarkers of oxidative stress and periodontitis and their association with the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Also, the relationship between periodontitis and systemic inflammation, and the effects of periodontal therapy on oxidative stress parameters will be discussed. PMID:29180965

  8. MicroRNAs as serum biomarkers for periodontitis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tomofuji, Takaaki; Yoneda, Toshiki; Machida, Tatsuya; Ekuni, Daisuke; Azuma, Tetsuji; Kataoka, Kota; Maruyama, Takayuki; Morita, Manabu

    2016-05-01

    Studies demonstrated that periodontitis modulates microRNA (miRNAs) expression rates in periodontal tissue. However, the relationship between periodontitis and miRNAs profile in circulation remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of periodontitis on serum miRNAs profile in a rat model. Male Wistar rats (n = 32, 8 weeks old) were divided into four groups of eight rats each. The control groups received no treatment for 2 or 4 weeks. In the other two groups, periodontitis was ligature induced for 2 or 4 weeks. Serum miRNAs expression profiles of each group were compared. Ligation around teeth induced periodontal inflammation at 2 weeks and periodontal tissue destruction at 4 weeks. Microarray results showed that 25 miRNAs were expressed with a 2 difference between the control and periodontitis groups at 4 weeks. Results of real-time PCR revealed that the periodontitis group up-regulated expression rates of serum miR-207 and miR-495 at 2 weeks, and miR-376b-3p at 4 weeks (p periodontitis. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  9. PENYEMBUHAN LUKA SETELAH PERAWATAN BEDAH PERIODONTAL (Studi Pustaka

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Natalina Natalina

    2015-08-01

    Full Text Available Background. Periodontal therapy for treatment of periodontitis involves the elimination of anatomic defect. There are two primary approaches to eliminating these anatomic defects : resective (gingivectomy, osseous resection, and apically positioned flaps, and regenerative surgery (osseous graft, guided tissue regeneration, resorbable barriers, coronally position flaps. Aims. The dentist know the outcomes after periodontal surgery. References. Periodontal regeneration means healing after periodontal surgery that results in the formation of a new attachment apparatus, consisting of cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone. Periodontal repair implies healing without restoration of the normal attachment apparatus. Histologic evaluation is the only reliable method to determine the true efficacy of periodontal therapies. Discussion. The variables involved in periodontal wound healing to solve how to achieve periodontal regeneration are manipulation of progenitor cell, alteration of pathologically exposed root surfaces, exclusion of gingival epithelium, and wound stabilization. Conclusions. Periodontal surgery usually do not result in periodontal regeneration. Gingival epithelium that proliferates apically can be inhibited by stabilization of the flap margin and regenerative surgery.

  10. Recording and surveillance systems for periodontal diseases

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Beltrán-Aguilar, Eugenio D; Eke, Paul I; Thornton-Evans, Gina

    2012-01-01

    This paper describes tools used to measure periodontal diseases and the integration of these tools into surveillance systems. Tools to measure periodontal diseases at the surveillance level have focussed on current manifestations of disease (e.g. gingival inflammation) or disease sequelae (e.......g. periodontal pocket depth or loss of attachment). All tools reviewed in this paper were developed based on the state of the science of the pathophysiology of periodontal disease at the time of their design and the need to provide valid and reliable measurements of the presence and severity of periodontal...... diseases. Therefore, some of these tools are no longer valid. Others, such as loss of periodontal attachment, are the current de-facto tools but demand many resources to undertake periodical assessment of the periodontal health of populations. Less complex tools such as the Community Periodontal Index...

  11. Porphyromonas gingivalis, Bacteroides forsythus and other putative periodontal pathogens in subjects with and without periodontal destruction

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    van Winkelhoff, AJ; Loos, BG; van der Reijden, WA; van der Velden, U

    Background and aims: Bacteria play an essential role in the pathogenesis of destructive periodontal disease. It has been suggested that not all bacteria associated with periodontitis may be normal inhabitants of a periodontally healthy dentition. In particular, Porphyromonas gingivalis and

  12. Combined periodontic-orthodontic-endodontic interdisciplinary approach in the treatment of periodontally compromised tooth

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Deepa D

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Orthodontic treatment in adult patients is one of the most frequently encountered components involving multidisciplinary approaches. In the present report, a 28-year-old male patient was treated for localized chronic periodontitis with pocket formation, mobility, pathologic migration and malalignment of maxillary left lateral incisor tooth #22. The periodontal therapy included motivation, education and oral-hygiene instructions (O.H.I., scaling and root planing and periodontal flap surgery. Subsequently on resolution of periodontal inflammation, orthodontic therapy was carried out using the orthodontic aligner for a period of 6 months. Post-treatment (3 years results showed complete resolution of infrabony pocket with significant bone fill, reduced tooth mobility and complete alignment of the affected maxillary left lateral incisor, thus restoring the esthetics and function.

  13. Periodontitis induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis drives periodontal microbiota dysbiosis and insulin resistance via an impaired adaptive immune response.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Blasco-Baque, Vincent; Garidou, Lucile; Pomié, Céline; Escoula, Quentin; Loubieres, Pascale; Le Gall-David, Sandrine; Lemaitre, Mathieu; Nicolas, Simon; Klopp, Pascale; Waget, Aurélie; Azalbert, Vincent; Colom, André; Bonnaure-Mallet, Martine; Kemoun, Philippe; Serino, Matteo; Burcelin, Rémy

    2017-05-01

    To identify a causal mechanism responsible for the enhancement of insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia following periodontitis in mice fed a fat-enriched diet. We set-up a unique animal model of periodontitis in C57Bl/6 female mice by infecting the periodontal tissue with specific and alive pathogens like Porphyromonas gingivalis ( Pg ), Fusobacterium nucleatum and Prevotella intermedia . The mice were then fed with a diabetogenic/non-obesogenic fat-enriched diet for up to 3 months. Alveolar bone loss, periodontal microbiota dysbiosis and features of glucose metabolism were quantified. Eventually, adoptive transfer of cervical (regional) and systemic immune cells was performed to demonstrate the causal role of the cervical immune system. Periodontitis induced a periodontal microbiota dysbiosis without mainly affecting gut microbiota. The disease concomitantly impacted on the regional and systemic immune response impairing glucose metabolism. The transfer of cervical lymph-node cells from infected mice to naive recipients guarded against periodontitis-aggravated metabolic disease. A treatment with inactivated Pg prior to the periodontal infection induced specific antibodies against Pg and protected the mouse from periodontitis-induced dysmetabolism. Finally, a 1-month subcutaneous chronic infusion of low rates of lipopolysaccharides from Pg mimicked the impact of periodontitis on immune and metabolic parameters. We identified that insulin resistance in the high-fat fed mouse is enhanced by pathogen-induced periodontitis. This is caused by an adaptive immune response specifically directed against pathogens and associated with a periodontal dysbiosis. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.

  14. The global burden of periodontal disease

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Petersen, Poul E; Ogawa, Hiroshi

    2012-01-01

    Chronic diseases are accelerating globally, advancing across all regions and pervading all socioeconomic classes. Unhealthy diet and poor nutrition, physical inactivity, tobacco use, excessive use of alcohol and psychosocial stress are the most important risk factors. Periodontal disease...... is a component of the global burden of chronic disease, and chronic disease and periodontal disease have the same essential risk factors. In addition, severe periodontal disease is related to poor oral hygiene and to poor general health (e.g. the presence of diabetes mellitus and other systemic diseases......). The present report highlights the global burden of periodontal disease: the ultimate burden of periodontal disease (tooth loss), as well as signs of periodontal disease, are described from World Health Organization (WHO) epidemiological data. High prevalence rates of complete tooth loss are found in upper...

  15. Psychosocial distress and periodontitis in adolescents

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Lopez, Rodrigo; Ramírez, Valeria; Marró, Patricio

    2012-01-01

    Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease associated with predominantly gram negative biofilms and characterized by the progressive destruction of the supporting tissues of the teeth. Some studies conducted among adults have found a significant association between periodontitis and dimensions...... of psychosocial distress and it is unclear whether this association can be found among younger subjects in which destruction of periodontal tissues as a result of periodontitis are less severe. Purpose: The main aim of this study was to assess whether adolescents with periodontitis presented with higher scores...... for non-psychotic psychosocial disorders than control subjects without periodontitis. Materials and Methods: We used a case control study (n=160) nested in a well-defined adolescent population (n=9,163) and the 28-item Spanish version of the General Health Questionnaire. The inclusion criterion for being...

  16. Poor periodontal health: A cancer risk?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    K S Rajesh

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Evidence indicates that chronic infections and inflammation are associated with increased risk of cancer development. There has also been considerable evidence that proves the interrelationship between bacterial and viral infections and carcinogenesis. Periodontitis is a chronic oral infection thought to be caused by gram-negative anaerobic bacteria in the dental biofilm. Periodontal bacteria and viruses may act synergistically to cause periodontitis. Many studies have shown that periodontal pockets may act as reservoirs for human papilloma virus, cytomegalovirus, Epstein Barr virus, and suspected agents associated with oral cancer. Periodontitis, characterized by epithelial proliferation and migration, results in a chronic release of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, prostaglandins, and enzymes, all of which are associated with cancer development. This review article intends to shed light on the association between periodontal health and carcinogenesis.

  17. Poor periodontal health: A cancer risk?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rajesh, K S; Thomas, Deepak; Hegde, Shashikanth; Kumar, M S Arun

    2013-11-01

    Evidence indicates that chronic infections and inflammation are associated with increased risk of cancer development. There has also been considerable evidence that proves the interrelationship between bacterial and viral infections and carcinogenesis. Periodontitis is a chronic oral infection thought to be caused by gram-negative anaerobic bacteria in the dental biofilm. Periodontal bacteria and viruses may act synergistically to cause periodontitis. Many studies have shown that periodontal pockets may act as reservoirs for human papilloma virus, cytomegalovirus, Epstein Barr virus, and suspected agents associated with oral cancer. Periodontitis, characterized by epithelial proliferation and migration, results in a chronic release of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, prostaglandins, and enzymes, all of which are associated with cancer development. This review article intends to shed light on the association between periodontal health and carcinogenesis.

  18. Longitudinal supportive periodontal therapy for severe chronic periodontitis with furcation involvement: a 12-year follow-up report.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Komiya-Ito, Akiyo; Tomita, Sachiyo; Kinumatsu, Takashi; Fujimoto, Yoshihiro; Tsunoda, Masatake; Saito, Atsushi

    2013-01-01

    We report a case involving a 12-year follow-up after treatment for chronic periodontitis with furcation involvement. A 54-year-old woman presented with the chief complaint of hypersensitivity. Clinical examination at the first visit revealed 15% of sites with a probing depth ≥4 mm and 35% of sites with bleeding on probing. Initial periodontal therapy was implemented based on a clinical diagnosis of severe chronic periodontitis. Surgical periodontal therapy was subsequently performed at selected sites. For #44, regenerative periodontal therapy using enamel matrix derivative (Emdogain(®)) was selected. For #16, which exhibited a 2- to 3-wall vertical bony defect and class III (mesio-distal) furcation involvement, bone graft was scheduled. Other sites with residual periodontal pockets were treated by open flap debridement. For #37, with a gutter-shaped root, odontoplasty was performed. After reevaluation, the patient was placed on supportive periodontal therapy (SPT). During 12 years of SPT, the periodontal condition remained uneventful in most of the teeth. However, bone resorption was observed in the distal aspect of #37, making the prognosis poor. This indicates the need to continuously monitor risk factors, including inflammation and traumatic occlusion, during SPT. Although some problems still remain, severe periodontitis with furcation involvement was successfully maintained longitudinally with an adequate level of patient compliance and careful SPT.

  19. Periodontitis-activated monocytes/macrophages cause aortic inflammation

    Science.gov (United States)

    Miyajima, Shin-ichi; Naruse, Keiko; Kobayashi, Yasuko; Nakamura, Nobuhisa; Nishikawa, Toru; Adachi, Kei; Suzuki, Yuki; Kikuchi, Takeshi; Mitani, Akio; Mizutani, Makoto; Ohno, Norikazu; Noguchi, Toshihide; Matsubara, Tatsuaki

    2014-01-01

    A relationship between periodontal disease and atherosclerosis has been suggested by epidemiological studies. Ligature-induced experimental periodontitis is an adequate model for clinical periodontitis, which starts from plaque accumulation, followed by inflammation in the periodontal tissue. Here we have demonstrated using a ligature-induced periodontitis model that periodontitis activates monocytes/macrophages, which subsequently circulate in the blood and adhere to vascular endothelial cells without altering the serum TNF-α concentration. Adherent monocytes/macrophages induced NF-κB activation and VCAM-1 expression in the endothelium and increased the expression of the TNF-α signaling cascade in the aorta. Peripheral blood-derived mononuclear cells from rats with experimental periodontitis showed enhanced adhesion and increased NF-κB/VCAM-1 in cultured vascular endothelial cells. Our results suggest that periodontitis triggers the initial pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, inflammation of the vasculature, through activating monocytes/macrophages. PMID:24893991

  20. Periodontal microsurgery: Reaching new heights of precision

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yadav, Vikender Singh; Salaria, Sanjeev Kumar; Bhatia, Anu; Yadav, Renu

    2018-01-01

    The use of magnification to perform various procedures in medical and dental field, particularly endodontics has long been recognized. Unfortunately, its application in periodontics is not widely popularized. The objective of this article is to emphasize the application of microsurgical principles in various periodontal surgical procedures and to reinforce the incorporation of microscope into periodontal practice. The most recent periodontal journals were reviewed and a search of databases such as PubMed or Medline and Google Scholar was conducted for relevant material from published literature up to 2017. Medical Subject Headings words looked for were “periodontal microsurgery” and “minimally invasive periodontal surgery.” The available literature, specifically to periodontal surgical procedures was analyzed and compiled. The analysis indicates that incorporation of magnification in periodontal practice is associated with improved visual acuity, ergonomic benefits, decreased patient morbidity, rapid healing, and enhanced patient acceptance. PMID:29568165

  1. Papel de la fisioterapia en la enfermedad de Alzheimer

    OpenAIRE

    Lallana Jiménez, Lucía

    2013-01-01

    La enfermedad de Alzheimer es una enfermedad neurodegenerativa que representa entre el 50% y el 60% de las demencias. Se caracteriza por déficits cognitivos, desorientación espacio-temporal y pérdida de memoria a corto plazo, lo cual da lugar a una dificultad en la realización de las tareas cotidianas por parte del enfermo. La enfermedad evoluciona a los largo de cuatro estadios: -Fase 1: se caracteriza por perdidas de memoria a corto plazo pero el paciente es todavía relativamente independie...

  2. Human Umbilical Cord MSCs as New Cell Sources for Promoting Periodontal Regeneration in Inflammatory Periodontal Defect.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shang, Fengqing; Liu, Shiyu; Ming, Leiguo; Tian, Rong; Jin, Fang; Ding, Yin; Zhang, Yongjie; Zhang, Hongmei; Deng, Zhihong; Jin, Yan

    2017-01-01

    Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) transplantation represents a promising approach for periodontal regeneration; however, the cell source is limited due to the invasive procedure required for cell isolation. As human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) can be harvested inexpensively and inexhaustibly, here we evaluated the regenerative potentials of hUCMSCs as compared with hPDLSCs to determine whether hUCMSCs could be used as new cell sources for periodontal regeneration. Methods The characteristics of hUCMSCs, including multi-differentiation ability and anti-inflammatory capability, were determined by comparison with hPDLSCs. We constructed cell aggregates (CA) using hUCMSCs and hPDLSCs respectively. Then hPDLSCs-CA and hUCMSCs-CA were combined with β-tricalcium phosphate bioceramic (β-TCP) respectively and their regenerative potentials were determined in a rat inflammatory periodontal defect model. Results hPDLSCs showed higher osteogenic differentiation potentials than hUCMSCs. Meanwhile, hUCMSCs showed higher extracellular matrix secretion and anti-inflammatory abilities than hPDLSCs. Similar to hPDLSCs, hUCMSCs were able to contribute to regeneration of both soft and hard periodontal tissues under inflammatory periodontitis condition. There were more newly formed bone and periodontal ligaments in hPDLSCs and hUCMSCs groups than in non-cell treated group. Moreover, no significant differences of regenerative promoting effects between hPDLSCs and hUCMSCs were found. Conclusion : hUCMSCs generated similar promoting effects on periodontal regeneration compared with hPDLSCs, and can be used as new cell sources for periodontal regeneration.

  3. The periodontal pain paradox: Difficulty on pain assesment in dental patients (The periodontal pain paradox hypothesis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Haryono Utomo

    2006-12-01

    Full Text Available In daily dental practice, the majority of patients’ main complaints are related to pain. Most patients assume that all pains inside the oral cavity originated from the tooth. One particular case is thermal sensitivity; sometimes patients were being able to point the site of pain, although there is neither visible caries nor secondary caries in dental radiograph. In this case, gingival recession and dentin hypersensitivity are first to be treated to eliminate the pain. If these treatments failed, pain may misdiagnose as pulpal inflammation and lead to unnecessary root canal treatment. Study in pain during periodontal instrumentation of plaque-related periodontitis revealed that the majority of patients feel pain and discomfort during probing and scaling. It seems obvious because an inflammation, either acute or chronic is related to a lowered pain threshold. However, in contrast, in this case report, patient suffered from chronic gingivitis and thermal sensitivity experienced a relative pain-free sensation during probing and scaling. Lowered pain threshold which accompanied by a blunted pain perception upon periodontal instrumentation is proposed to be termed as the periodontal pain paradox. The objective of this study is to reveal the possibility of certain factors in periodontal inflammation which may involved in the periodontal pain paradox hypothesis. Patient with thermal hypersensitivity who was conducted probing and scaling, after the relative pain-free instrumentation, thermal hypersensitivity rapidly disappeared. Based on the successful periodontal treatment, it is concluded that chronic gingivitis may modulate periodontal pain perception which termed as periodontal pain paradox

  4. Periodontal therapy for the management of cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic periodontitis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Chunjie; Lv, Zongkai; Shi, Zongdao; Zhu, Ye; Wu, Yafei; Li, Longjiang; Iheozor-Ejiofor, Zipporah

    2014-08-15

    There is an association between chronic periodontitis and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, it is not known whether periodontal therapy could prevent or manage CVD in patients with chronic periodontitis. The objective of this systematic review was to investigate the effects of periodontal therapy in preventing the occurrence of, and management or recurrence of, CVD in patients with chronic periodontitis. The electronic databases that were searched were the Cochrane Oral Health Group's Trials Register (to 7 April 2014), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library 2014, Issue 3), MEDLINE via OVID (1946 to 7 April 2014), EMBASE via OVID (1980 to 7 April 2014), CINAHL via EBSCO (1937 to 7 April 2014), OpenGrey (to 7 April 2014), the Chinese BioMedical Literature Database (1978 to April 2014), the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (1994 to April 2014) and the VIP database (1989 to April 2014). We searched the US National Institutes of Health Trials Register, the World Health Organization (WHO) Clinical Trials Registry Platform and Sciencepaper Online for ongoing trials. No restrictions were placed on the language or date of publication when searching the electronic databases. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs were considered eligible. Studies were selected if they included patients with a diagnosis of chronic periodontitis and previous CVD (secondary prevention studies) or no CVD (primary prevention studies); patients in the intervention group received active periodontal therapy compared to maintenance therapy, no periodontal treatment or another kind of periodontal treatment in the control group. Two review authors carried out the study identification, data extraction and risk of bias assessment independently and in duplicate. Any discrepancies between the two authors were resolved by discussion or with a third review author. A formal pilot-tested data extraction form was adopted for the data extraction

  5. Tratamiento de la enfermedad de Hansen en Colombia: medicalización y control de la enfermedad a lo largo del siglo XX

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Natalia Botero-Jaramillo

    2017-09-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: investigar el tratamiento de la enfermedad de Hansen durante el siglo XX en Colombia, para analizar el proceso de medicalización, la biopolítica, el significado de la curación y su impacto en el control de la enfermedad y en los enfermos. Metodología: estudio histórico, descriptivo y analítico sobre los tratamientos para la enfermedad de Hansen a lo largo del siglo XX, por medio de metodologías cualitativas como entrevistas con relatos de vida y entrevistas temáticas, y se trabajó con fuentes documentales primarias y secundarias en archivos nacionales y locales. Resultados y discusión: La enfermedad de Hansen, causada por el microorganismo Mycobacterium leprae, fue controlada mediante el aislamiento y reclusión de los enfermos de lepra en hospitales y lazaretos. El desarrollo de algunos tratamientos y el descubrimiento de la terapia antibiótica, las sulfas, que representó una cura efectiva desde la medicina y su poder político y social, participaron en la transformación de las políticas de manejo de la enfermedad y de la comprensión de la misma, en los Lazaretos de Contratación y Agua de Dios.

  6. Periodontal parameters following orthodontic treatment in patients with aggressive periodontitis: A before-after clinical study

    Science.gov (United States)

    Khorsand, Afshin; Paknejad, Mojgan; Yaghobee, Siamak; Ghahroudi, Amir Alireza Rasouli; Bashizadefakhar, Hourieh; Khatami, Masoomeh; Shirazi, Mohsen

    2013-01-01

    Background: The success of combined periodontal and orthodontic approach in the treatment of aggressive periodontitis patients with the pathologic extruded anterior teeth is a main concern and stability of the treatment results is an important factor to evaluate the treatment. The present study investigated the periodontal parameters at the end of the orthodontic treatment in patients with the aggressive periodontitis. Materials and Methods: Eight patients with an aggressive periodontal disease, extruded maxillary incisors, infrabony defects and probing depth of ≥5 mm were enrolled in this clinical trial (before, after). After periodontal therapy, orthodontic treatment was carried out for intrusion and alignment of teeth. Plaque index (PI), probing pocket depth (PPD), distance between incisal edge and interdental papilla, root length (RL), and defect dimensions (depth and width) were examined at the end of treatment and three as well as 6 months afterward. The data were subjected to repeated measure ANOVA test. P orthodontic approach would be a successful treatment with acceptable stability in the case of regular follow-up visits and controlled oral hygiene habits. PMID:24379862

  7. Periodontal disease in primary Sjögren's Syndrome

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Schjødt, Morten; Christensen, Lisa Bøge; Petersen, P.E.

    2001-01-01

    Sjögren's syndrome, gingivitis, periodontitis, periodontal disease, xerostomia, oral manifestations......Sjögren's syndrome, gingivitis, periodontitis, periodontal disease, xerostomia, oral manifestations...

  8. Comparison of Salivary TIMP-1 Levels in Periodontally Involved and Healthy Controls and the Response to Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Angel Fenol

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Background. Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the supporting structures of the dentition. Periodontal destruction is an outcome of the imbalance between matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs. We wanted to prove the hypothesis that salivary TIPM-1 level will vary in different people. A decrease in TIMP-1 level could make them more susceptible to periodontitis whereas a normal level could prevent increased tissue destruction thereby inhibiting the progression from gingivitis to periodontitis. This could probably pave the way for TIPM-1 to be a specific salivary biomarker and serve as a useful diagnostic and therapeutic tool in periodontitis. Methods. Whole unstimulated saliva of 2 ml was collected from twenty-five periodontally healthy and twenty-seven systemically healthy subjects with periodontitis. Clinical parameters recorded at baseline and reevaluated after four weeks in subjects with periodontitis following nonsurgical periodontal therapy were gingival index (GI, oral hygiene index-Simplified (OHI-S, probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment level (CAL. Salivary TIMP-1 levels in both were analyzed using a commercially available ELISA kit.

  9. Gingival and Periodontal Diseases in Children and Adolescents

    OpenAIRE

    Vivek Singh Chauhan; Rashmi Singh Chauhan; Nihal Devkar; Akshay Vibhute; Shobha More

    2012-01-01

    Periodontal diseases are among the most frequent diseases affecting children and adolescents. These include gingivitis, localized or generalized aggressive periodontitis (a.k.a., early onset periodontitis) and periodontal diseases associated with systemic disorders. The effects of periodontal diseases observed in adults have earlier inception in life period. Gingival diseases in a child may progress to jeopardize the periodontium in adulthood. Therefore, periodontal diseases must be prevented...

  10. Impacto de la resiliencia en pacientes con Artritis Reumatoide

    OpenAIRE

    Beltrán García, Jonathan Camilo; Zapata Gómez, Elizabeth

    2016-01-01

    Introducción: La artritis reumatoide (AR) es una enfermedad autoinmune-inflamatoria, que compromete las articulaciones diartrodiales. Tiene una importante repercusión sistémica que incluye la depresión; por lo tanto, tiene un severo impacto sobre la calidad de vida. Es posible que mecanismos de defensa, tales como la resiliencia, puedan amortiguar dicho impacto. Metodología: estudio de corte transversal, multicéntrico (análisis inicial dentro del grupo AR, con muestra no probabilística d...

  11. Effect of periodontal therapy on serum C-reactive protein levels in patients with gingivitis and chronic periodontitis: a clinicobiochemical study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Patil, Veena A; Desai, Manthan H

    2013-03-01

    The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of periodontal therapy on serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in patients with gingivitis and chronic periodontitis. A total of 60 subjects (30 males and 30 females) were included in the study with 20 subjects in each of the groups classified based on community periodontal index (CPI) scores: I: Healthy, II: Gingivitis, III: Mild periodontitis. Periodontal therapy was performed on groups II and III patients. Venous blood was collected from each subject at baseline and 3 months after periodontal therapy. The collected sample was subjected to biochemical analysis to detect CRP levels by using immunoturbidimetric method. The present study demonstrated that the periodontitis group had a higher mean CRP levels (2.49 ± 0.47 ng/ml) as compared to the gingivitis group (1.40 ± 0.32 ng/ml) and healthy group (0.56 ± 0.20 ng/ml). The mean CRP values after periodontal therapy were found to be reduced to 0.44 ± 0.23 ng/ml in group II and 1.30 ± 0.36 ng/ml in group III patients. Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that CRP level progressively increases from periodontal health to disease. A decrease in CRP levels with periodontal treatment was also observed. Due to its opsonizing abilities CRP plays an important role in the innate host defence. It can be hypothesized that CRP is a potential biomarker of periodontal disease. A number of studies have reported elevated serum CRP levels in periodontitis subjects. Long standing periodontal disease and raised CRP levels enhance the risk of cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular accidents and preterm low birth weight infants. There is also evidence that effective periodontal therapy can lower serum CRP levels. However, the data of interventional studies on CRP in gingivitis and periodontitis is scarce.

  12. Uncovering the molecular networks in periodontitis

    Science.gov (United States)

    Trindade, Fábio; Oppenheim, Frank G.; Helmerhorst, Eva J.; Amado, Francisco; Gomes, Pedro S.; Vitorino, Rui

    2015-01-01

    Periodontitis is a complex immune-inflammatory disease that results from a preestablished infection in gingiva, mainly due to Gram-negative bacteria that colonize deeper in gingival sulcus and latter periodontal pocket. Host inflammatory and immune responses have both protective and destructive roles. Although cytokines, prostaglandins, and proteases struggle against microbial burden, these molecules promote connective tissue loss and alveolar bone resorption, leading to several histopathological changes, namely destruction of periodontal ligament, deepening of periodontal pocket, and bone loss, which can converge to attain tooth loss. Despite the efforts of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics/peptidomics, and metabolomics, there is no available biomarker for periodontitis diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment evaluation, which could assist on the established clinical evaluation. Nevertheless, some genes, transcripts, proteins and metabolites have already shown a different expression in healthy subjects and in patients. Though, so far, ‘omics approaches only disclosed the host inflammatory response as a consequence of microbial invasion in periodontitis and the diagnosis in periodontitis still relies on clinical parameters, thus a molecular tool for assessing periodontitis lacks in current dental medicine paradigm. Saliva and gingival crevicular fluid have been attracting researchers due to their diagnostic potential, ease, and noninvasive nature of collection. Each one of these fluids has some advantages and disadvantages that are discussed in this review. PMID:24828325

  13. Gingival and Periodontal Diseases in Children and Adolescents

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vivek Singh Chauhan

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Periodontal diseases are among the most frequent diseases affecting children and adolescents. These include gingivitis, localized or generalized aggressive periodontitis (a.k.a., early onset periodontitis and periodontal diseases associated with systemic disorders. The effects of periodontal diseases observed in adults have earlier inception in life period. Gingival diseases in a child may progress to jeopardize the periodontium in adulthood. Therefore, periodontal diseases must be prevented and diagnosed early in the life. This paper reviews the most common periodontal diseases affecting children: chronic gingivitis (or dental plaque-induced gingival diseases and aggressive periodontitis. In addition, systemic diseases that affect the periodontium in young children and necrotizing periodontal diseases are addressed. The prevalence, diagnostic characteristics, microbiology, host- related factors, and therapeutic management of each of these disease entities are discussed.

  14. Periodontal diseases in children and adolescents.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Clerehugh, V

    2008-04-26

    Unlike in adults, currently there are no nationally agreed guidelines for the assessment of periodontal diseases in children and adolescents. This paper considers the range of periodontal diseases that can affect youngsters and documents a simple periodontal screening system for the younger age groups. It includes principles of periodontal diagnosis and management for the practitioner to apply to the young patient and considers when to treat in practice and when to refer to a specialist.

  15. The significance of motivation in periodontal treatment: the influence of adult patients' motivation on the clinical periodontal status.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Oruba, Z; Pac, A; Olszewska-Czyż, I; Chomyszyn-Gajewska, M

    2014-09-01

    Motivation plays an important role in the treatment process of chronic diseases, as treatment requires behavioural change and lifelong adherence to medical recommendations. Periodontitis is a good example of such health condition as to maintain good periodontal health patients have to adhere to a strict oral hygiene regimen. To examine whether the motivation of patients suffering from chronic periodontitis influences their clinical periodontal condition. Cross sectional study. Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Dental University Clinic, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland. 199 adult periodontal patients, aged 20-78 years. Questionnaire concerning patients' medical and dental history, modified Zychlińscy motivation assessment questionnaire, clinical periodontal examination. The extent of motivation. Periodontal status evaluated with the use of periodontal indices (API, BOP, CPITN). The mean motivation score was 57.4. The mean API and BOP values were 55.7% and 46.4%, respectively. For most of the patients the recorded CPITN value was 3. Correlations were observed between motivation and both API and BOP, and between API and BOP. Periodontal patients with greater motivation having better oral health (lower API and BOP) suggests an influence on the quality of their self-management of the disease (i.e. adherence to their oral hygiene regimen).

  16. Encefalopatías espongiformes transmisibles: enfermedad crónica desgastante

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    M. A. Reyes-López

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available Las enfermedades por encefalopatías espongiformes transmisibles (EET, algunas veces llamadas enfermedades “por priones”, son un grupo de enfermedades raras, incurables, neurodegenerativas y fatales, las cuales afectan a una variedad de mamíferos. En los pasados 20 años, las EET pasaron de ser “las enfermedades de fascinación” a enfermedades difíciles de entender, causantes de pérdidas económicas en el sector ganadero, además de provocar problemas de salud humana. Las EET incluyen Creutzfeldt-Jakob (CJD y kuru en humanos; scrapi en ovejas, encefalopatía en visón (TME y caquexia crónica del ciervo y alce (CWD. En el ganado, se propuso de manera sugestiva el nombre de “vacas locas” o encefalopatía espongiforme bovina (BSE. La CWD puede ser transmitida indirectamente a animales susceptibles a través de ambientes contaminados, mediante heces o cadáveres descompuestos. En los últimos 5 años, la distribución conocida de CWD en Norte América se extendió, incrementando las dudas sobre el impacto de esta enfermedad en cérvidos de vida libre y la viabilidad de ranchos cinegéticos. En México, no existe evidencia de CWD en venados de vida silvestre o cautiverio, aunque se ha detectado en un condado fronterizo de Nuevo México, EUA. La CWD es considerada una enfermedad exótica y deben de tomarse las medidas pertinentes para evitar su introducción en México.

  17. Periodontist-Dental Hygienist Collaboration in Periodontal Care for Chronic Periodontitis: An 11-year Case Report.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tomita, Sachiyo; Uekusa, Tomomi; Hosono, Meiko; Kigure, Takashi; Sugito, Hiroki; Saito, Atsushi

    2016-01-01

    We report a case of severe chronic periodontitis treated and longitudinally maintained by a periodontist and dental hygienists. The patient was a 45-year-old woman who presented with the chief complaint of gingival bleeding and tooth mobility. An initial examination revealed generalized gingival inflammation and subgingival calculus in the premolar and molar regions. Premature contact was observed in #14 and 45. Clinical examination revealed 42% of sites with a probing depth (PD) of ≥4 mm and 44% of sites with bleeding on probing. Radiographic examination revealed vertical bone resorption in #35, 36, and 45, and horizontal bone resorption in other regions. Based on a clinical diagnosis of severe chronic periodontitis, initial periodontal therapy consisting of plaque control, scaling and root planing, and removal of an ill-fitting prosthesis was performed. Following suppression of inflammation, occlusal adjustment of premature contact sites was performed. Open flap debridement was performed for teeth with a PD of ≥5 mm. After confirming the stability of the periodontal tissue, final prostheses were placed on #16, 35-37, and 46. Following re-evaluation, the patient was placed on supportive periodontal therapy. It has been 11 years since the patient's first visit, and the periodontal conditions have remained stable. Meticulous periodontal care maintained over a number of years by a periodontist and dental hygienist have yielded a clinically favorable outcome.

  18. Modeling susceptibility to periodontitis

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Laine, M.L.; Moustakis, V.; Koumakis, L.; Potamias, G.; Loos, B.G.

    2013-01-01

    Chronic inflammatory diseases like periodontitis have a complex pathogenesis and a multifactorial etiology, involving complex interactions between multiple genetic loci and infectious agents. We aimed to investigate the influence of genetic polymorphisms and bacteria on chronic periodontitis risk.

  19. Link between rheumatoid arthritis and chronic periodontitis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tomasz Kaczyński

    2018-03-01

    Full Text Available Chronic periodontitis is an infectious disease associated with the progressive destruction of periodontal tissues. In recent years, more and more data indicate an existing relationship between periodontal disease and rheumatoid arthritis. The link between both diseases has been confirmed in multiple studies. Despite the fact that this association might be based on shared environmental and genetic risk factors, a possible causal relation was advocated by experimental, epidemiological and interventional studies, with the leading role of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Individuals with chronic periodontitis are at an increased risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis, as well as rheumatoid arthritis patients are at an increased risk of chronic periodontitis and more severe forms of periodontitis. Furthermore, there is a correlation between the activity in both diseases – patients with more severe periodontitis suffer from more active rheumatoid arthritis. Intervention attempts were also performed, which demonstrated that eliminating periodontal infection and inflammation can affect the severity of rheumatoid arthritis. In this paper, we review the current knowledge about the link between both diseases, focusing on its clinical implications. Will periodontal treatment become a part of standard therapy for rheumatoid arthritis?

  20. The roles of viruses in periodontal diseases

    OpenAIRE

    C C Azodo; P Erhabor

    2015-01-01

    The roles of bacteria in the etiopathogenesis of periodontal disease are well-understand, but that of the virus found in the periodontal environment are poorly understood. The aim of this literature review was to report the roles of viruses in periodontal diseases. The roles of viruses in periodontal diseases were categorized into the role in disease etiology, role in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases, role in diseases progression and role in response to treatment. Clearer understandin...

  1. Caries temprana de infancia: ¿enfermedad infecciosa?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    F. Sandra Rojas, Dra.

    2014-05-01

    Full Text Available La caries dental es una de las enfermedades más comunes en la infancia y las personas continúan siendo susceptible a través de la vida. Aunque actualmente puede ser detenida y potencialmente revertida en etapas tempranas, no es autolimitada, progresa en forma crónica si no existe un cuidado y control de los factores que la producen, llegando a la destrucción de dientes, dolor, alteraciones funcionales, sistémicas y consecuencias en la calidad de vida de las personas. La caries temprana de infancia, de inicio precoz en niños, es causada en forma frecuente por hábitos alimenticios inapropiados y la adquisición temprana de microorganismos como Streptococcus mutans. Se ha sugerido una transmisión vertical de madre a hijo como la vía principal de adquisición de Streptococcus mutans, y también se ha demostrado en la literatura, que existiría una transmisión horizontal entre niños y sus cuidadores, compañeros de jardín infantil y colegios. Por esta razón durante muchos años se ha definido la enfermedad caries como infecciosa y transmisible. Nuevos avances en técnicas moleculares han dado evidencia acerca de la microflora autóctona y cómo la placa dental o biofilm funciona como un sistema ecológico dinámico y complejo. Existe evidencia que la caries dental no es una enfermedad infecciosa clásica, como se creía hace unos años, por el contrario, esta enfermedad es el resultado de un cambio ecológico en la biopelícula adquirida en la superficie dental. Además la transmisión de Streptococcus mutans de la madre hacia el hijo no implica que la enfermedad se desarrolle, por el contrario, la caries dental hoy se describe como una enfermedad común, compleja y multifactorial, donde interactúan varios factores de riesgo, entre los más destacados conductuales, ambientales y genéticos.

  2. Periodontal disease and halitosis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Alzoman, Hamad

    2008-01-01

    Halitosis is a general term used to describe an unpleasant or offensive odor emanating from the oral cavity. It is a condition that has health and social implications in the life of those who suffer from it. The origin of halitosis is related to both systemic and oral conditions although the oral causes predominate. Volatile sulfur compound is the primary gas responsible for halitosis. They are formed as a result of gram-negative bacterial putrefaction. The major sites for oral halitosis are the dorsum of the tongue and periodontal pockets. There is a correlation between the amount of plaque on the tongue and periodontitis with the severity of halitosis. The aim of this article was to review the data and correlate periodontitis with severity of halitosis and the effect of halitosis- inducing factors on the progress of periodontal diseases. (author)

  3. Development of an Ontology for Periodontitis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Suzuki, Asami; Takai-Igarashi, Takako; Nakaya, Jun; Tanaka, Hiroshi

    2015-01-01

    In the clinical dentists and periodontal researchers' community, there is an obvious demand for a systems model capable of linking the clinical presentation of periodontitis to underlying molecular knowledge. A computer-readable representation of processes on disease development will give periodontal researchers opportunities to elucidate pathways and mechanisms of periodontitis. An ontology for periodontitis can be a model for integration of large variety of factors relating to a complex disease such as chronic inflammation in different organs accompanied by bone remodeling and immune system disorders, which has recently been referred to as osteoimmunology. Terms characteristic of descriptions related to the onset and progression of periodontitis were manually extracted from 194 review articles and PubMed abstracts by experts in periodontology. We specified all the relations between the extracted terms and constructed them into an ontology for periodontitis. We also investigated matching between classes of our ontology and that of Gene Ontology Biological Process. We developed an ontology for periodontitis called Periodontitis-Ontology (PeriO). The pathological progression of periodontitis is caused by complex, multi-factor interrelationships. PeriO consists of all the required concepts to represent the pathological progression and clinical treatment of periodontitis. The pathological processes were formalized with reference to Basic Formal Ontology and Relation Ontology, which accounts for participants in the processes realized by biological objects such as molecules and cells. We investigated the peculiarity of biological processes observed in pathological progression and medical treatments for the disease in comparison with Gene Ontology Biological Process (GO-BP) annotations. The results indicated that peculiarities of Perio existed in 1) granularity and context dependency of both the conceptualizations, and 2) causality intrinsic to the pathological processes

  4. Varón de 48 años con diarrea y colestasis

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    A. Jímenez Jurado

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available Presentamos el caso de un varón de 48 años derivado a la consulta por un cuadro clínico de diarrea crónica (> 6 semanas junto con alteración de las pruebas de función hepática consistente en un patrón de colestasis. La presencia de diarrea crónica y colestasis nos obligaron al diagnóstico diferencial entre las siguientes entidades: enfermedad celíaca, enferme-dad inflamatoria intestinal, enfermedades infecciosas crónicas (tuber-culosis intestinal, micobacterium avium en inmunodeprimidos, causas metabólicas como la amiloidosis, obstrucción de la vía biliar intrahepatica (ductopenia del adulto, colangitis esclerosante primaria o secundaria, toma de fármacos y finalmente causas tumorales (colangiocarcinoma, linfoma de Hodgkin, adenocarcinoma colon. En el caso que presentamos, la colangio resonancia magnética nuclear fue la herramienta diagnóstica fundamental para el diagnóstico de la entidad

  5. Quantitative Molecular Detection of Putative Periodontal Pathogens in Clinically Healthy and Periodontally Diseased Subjects

    Science.gov (United States)

    Göhler, André; Hetzer, Adrian; Holtfreter, Birte; Geisel, Marie Henrike; Schmidt, Carsten Oliver; Steinmetz, Ivo; Kocher, Thomas

    2014-01-01

    Periodontitis is a multi-microbial oral infection with high prevalence among adults. Putative oral pathogens are commonly found in periodontally diseased individuals. However, these organisms can be also detected in the oral cavity of healthy subjects. This leads to the hypothesis, that alterations in the proportion of these organisms relative to the total amount of oral microorganisms, namely their abundance, rather than their simple presence might be important in the transition from health to disease. Therefore, we developed a quantitative molecular method to determine the abundance of various oral microorganisms and the portion of bacterial and archaeal nucleic acid relative to the total nucleic acid extracted from individual samples. We applied quantitative real-time PCRs targeting single-copy genes of periodontal bacteria and 16S-rRNA genes of Bacteria and Archaea. Testing tongue scrapings of 88 matched pairs of periodontally diseased and healthy subjects revealed a significantly higher abundance of P. gingivalis and a higher total bacterial abundance in diseased subjects. In fully adjusted models the risk of being periodontally diseased was significantly higher in subjects with high P. gingivalis and total bacterial abundance. Interestingly, we found that moderate abundances of A. actinomycetemcomitans were associated with reduced risk for periodontal disease compared to subjects with low abundances, whereas for high abundances, this protective effect leveled off. Moderate archaeal abundances were health associated compared to subjects with low abundances. In conclusion, our methodological approach unraveled associations of the oral flora with periodontal disease, which would have gone undetected if only qualitative data had been determined. PMID:25029268

  6. C-reactive protein in patients with aggressive periodontitis

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    Jaroslav Mysak

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available Background/purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the systemic levels of C-reactive protein (CRP in peripheral blood samples of patients with aggressive periodontitis during the first twelve months of periodontal treatment, at exactly six month interval measurements, and compare them with clinical periodontal parameters. Materials and methods: All patients (N = 45 were examined prior to the initiation of periodontal treatment. Patients were divided into two groups GAgP (Generalised form of aggressive periodontitis, N = 23 and group LAgP (Localised form of aggressive periodontitis, N = 22. Control group (CON included 60 individuals with healthy periodontium. The levels of CRP were determined in both groups GAgP and LAgP three times in 6 month intervals during the periodontal treatment. Results: CRP is a plasma protein that reflects the extent of the acute phase response to inflammation and is one of the markers of choice for monitoring this response. In our study, CRP levels decreased in course of periodontal treatment in both groups (GAgP and LAgP in a similar way as bleeding on probing (BOP and probing pocket depth (PPD indices. Conclusion: Our study results showed that CRP levels, as well as bleeding on probing (BOP and probing pocket depth (PPD, indices decreased in course of periodontal treatment in patients with generalised and localised aggressive periodontitis. Therefore this marker might be exploitable as a means to evaluate periodontal health in patients with aggressive periodontitis. Keywords: aggressive periodontitis, C-reactive protein, periodontal index, cardiovascular diseases

  7. Periodontitis: facts, fallacies and the future.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Slots, Jørgen

    2017-10-01

    This volume of Periodontology 2000 represents the 25th anniversary of the Journal, and uses the occasion to assess important advancements in periodontology over the past quarter-century as well as the hurdles that remain. Periodontitis is defined by pathologic loss of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. The disease involves complex dynamic interactions among active herpesviruses, specific bacterial pathogens and destructive immune responses. Periodontal diagnostics is currently based on clinical rather than etiologic criteria, and provides limited therapeutic guidance. Periodontal causative treatment consists of scaling, antiseptic rinses and occasionally systemic antibiotics, and surgical intervention has been de-emphasized, except perhaps for the most advanced types of periodontitis. Plastic surgical therapy includes soft-tissue grafting to cover exposed root surfaces and bone grafting to provide support for implants. Dental implants are used to replace severely diseased or missing teeth, but implant overuse is of concern. The utility of laser treatment for periodontitis remains unresolved. Host modulation and risk-factor modification therapies may benefit select patient groups. Patient self-care is a critical part of periodontal health care, and twice-weekly oral rinsing with 0.10-0.25% sodium hypochlorite constitutes a valuable adjunct to conventional anti-plaque and anti-gingivitis treatments. A link between periodontal herpesviruses and systemic diseases is a strong biological plausibility. In summary, research during the past 25 years has significantly changed our concepts of periodontitis pathobiology and has produced more-effective and less-costly therapeutic options. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  8. Influence of nanotopography on periodontal ligament stem cell functions and cell sheet based periodontal regeneration.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gao, Hui; Li, Bei; Zhao, Lingzhou; Jin, Yan

    2015-01-01

    Periodontal regeneration is an important part of regenerative medicine, with great clinical significance; however, the effects of nanotopography on the functions of periodontal ligament (PDL) stem cells (PDLSCs) and on PDLSC sheet based periodontal regeneration have never been explored. Titania nanotubes (NTs) layered on titanium (Ti) provide a good platform to study this. In the current study, the influence of NTs of different tube size on the functions of PDLSCs was observed. Afterward, an ectopic implantation model using a Ti/cell sheets/hydroxyapatite (HA) complex was applied to study the effect of the NTs on cell sheet based periodontal regeneration. The NTs were able to enhance the initial PDLSC adhesion and spread, as well as collagen secretion. With the Ti/cell sheets/HA complex model, it was demonstrated that the PDLSC sheets were capable of regenerating the PDL tissue, when combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) sheets and HA, without the need for extra soluble chemical cues. Simultaneously, the NTs improved the periodontal regeneration result of the ectopically implanted Ti/cell sheets/HA complex, giving rise to functionally aligned collagen fiber bundles. Specifically, much denser collagen fibers, with abundant blood vessels as well as cementum-like tissue on the Ti surface, which well-resembled the structure of natural PDL, were observed in the NT5 and NT10 sample groups. Our study provides the first evidence that the nanotopographical cues obviously influence the functions of PDLSCs and improve the PDLSC sheet based periodontal regeneration size dependently, which provides new insight to the periodontal regeneration. The Ti/cell sheets/HA complex may constitute a good model to predict the effect of biomaterials on periodontal regeneration.

  9. Dissemination of Periodontal Pathogens in the Bloodstream after Periodontal Procedures: A Systematic Review

    Science.gov (United States)

    Horliana, Anna Carolina Ratto Tempestini; Chambrone, Leandro; Foz, Adriana Moura; Artese, Hilana Paula Carillo; Rabelo, Mariana de Sousa; Pannuti, Cláudio Mendes; Romito, Giuseppe Alexandre

    2014-01-01

    Background To date, there is no compilation of evidence-based information associating bacteremia and periodontal procedures. This systematic review aims to assess magnitude, duration, prevalence and nature of bacteremia caused by periodontal procedures. Study Design Systematic Review Types of Studies Reviewed MEDLINE, EMBASE and LILACS databases were searched in duplicate through August, 2013 without language restriction. Observational studies were included if blood samples were collected before, during or after periodontal procedures of patients with periodontitis. The methodological quality was assessed in duplicate using the modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS). Results Search strategy identified 509 potentially eligible articles and nine were included. Only four studies demonstrated high methodological quality, whereas five were of medium or low methodological quality. The study characteristics were considered too heterogeneous to conduct a meta-analysis. Among 219 analyzed patients, 106 (49.4%) had positive bacteremia. More frequent bacteria were S. viridans, A. actinomycetemcomitans P. gingivalis, M. micros and species Streptococcus and Actinomyces, although identification methods of microbiologic assays were different among studies. Clinical Implications Although half of the patients presented positive bacteremia after periodontal procedures, accurate results regarding the magnitude, duration and nature of bacteremia could not be confidentially assessed. PMID:24870125

  10. Microbiomes associated with bovine periodontitis and oral health.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Borsanelli, Ana C; Lappin, David F; Viora, Lorenzo; Bennett, David; Dutra, Iveraldo S; Brandt, Bernd W; Riggio, Marcello P

    2018-05-01

    Periodontitis is an infectious polymicrobial, immuno-inflammatory disease of multifactorial aetiology that has an impact on the health, production and welfare of ruminants. The objective of the present study was to determine the microbial profiles present in the gingival sulcus of cattle considered periodontally healthy and in the periodontal pocket of animals with periodontitis lesions using high-throughput bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Subgingival biofilm samples were collected from 40 cattle with periodontitis and 38 periodontally healthy animals. In total, 1923 OTUs were identified and classified into 395 genera or higher taxa. Microbial profiles in health differed significantly from periodontitis in their composition (p PERMANOVA) but no statistically significant differences were observed in the diversity of healthy and periodontitis microbiomes. The most prevalent taxa in health were Pseudomonas, Burkholderia and Actinobacteria, whereas in disease these were Prevotella, Fusobacterium and Porphyromonas. The most discriminative taxa in health were Gastranaerophilales, Planifilum and Burkholderia, and in disease these were Elusimicrobia, Synergistes and Propionivibrio. In conclusion, statistically significant difference exists between the microbiome in bovine oral health and periodontitis, with populations showing 72.6% dissimilarity. The diversity of the bacteria found in health and periodontitis were similar and bacteria recognised as periodontal pathogens showed increased abundance in disease. In this context, the main components of bacterial homeostasis in the biofilm of healthy sites and of dysbiosis in periodontal lesions provide unprecedented indicators for the evolution of knowledge about bovine periodontitis. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  11. Effect of Periodontal Therapy on Crevicular Fluid Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-8 Levels in Chronic Periodontitis

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    Paschalina Goutoudi

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Purpose. The aim of this study was to analyse the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6 and interleukin-8 (IL-8 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF of patients with chronic periodontitis prior to and following surgical and/or nonsurgical periodontal therapy for a period of 32 weeks. Methods. GCF samples were obtained from 24 nondiseased and 72 diseased sites of 12 periodontal patients prior to as well as at 6, 16, and 32 weeks following non-surgical and surgical periodontal therapy. IL-6 and IL-8 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA. Results. Periodontal treatment improved all clinical parameters. Both treatment modalities resulted in similar IL-6 as well as IL-8 levels. Mean IL-6 and IL-8 concentrations were significantly higher in non-diseased compared to diseased sites and increased significantly following treatment in diseased sites. Mean total amounts of IL-6 and IL-8 (TAIL-6, TAIL-8 did not differ significantly between diseased and nondiseased sites, while following therapy TAIL-8 levels decreased significantly. Conclusions. The data suggest that periodontal therapy reduced the levels of IL-8 in GCF. However, a strong relationship between IL-6, IL-8 amounts in GCF and periodontal destruction and inflammation was not found.

  12. Periodontal disease and pregnancy hypertension: a clinical correlation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pralhad, Swati; Thomas, Betsy; Kushtagi, Pralhad

    2013-08-01

    Periodontal disease is thought to be associated with increased risk of systemic diseases and adverse pregnancy outcomes, including pregnancy hypertension (PH). The aim of the present study is to find the prevalence of periodontal disease in females with PH in a rural-based medical institute. The present case control study was performed with 200 females, 100 with PH and 100 without PH. Antenatal periodontal screening was performed within 72 hours of their hospital admission for delivery. The periodontal parameters assessed were oral hygiene index-simplified, gingival index, mean probing depth, and loss of attachment. Prevalence of periodontal disease was 65.5% and was significantly higher (P periodontal disease and PH on bivariate multiple logistic regression analysis. Nulliparous females were at higher odds to develop periodontal disease and PH (odds ratio = 1.7; 95% CI = 0.5 to 6.1). As the severity of periodontal disease increased from moderate to severe, the severity of hypertension also increased (r(2) = 0.8 and 0.5 for moderate and severe periodontal disease, respectively). Periodontal disease is more prevalent in females with PH.

  13. Periodontal treatment in a generalized severe chronic periodontitis patient: A case report with 7-year follow-up.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Agrali, Omer Birkan; Kuru, Bahar Eren

    2015-01-01

    The aim of the periodontal treatment is to provide healthy and functional dentition all through a lifetime. In this report, periodontal treatment of a 42-year-old male patient with generalized severe chronic periodontitis is presented. He received initial periodontal treatment together with adjunctive antimicrobials. The devital teeth were endodontically treated, and free gingival grafts were placed at the inadequate keratinized tissue zones before regenerative surgery. Following the surgical treatment using enamel matrix derivatives and xenogenic bone graft combination, the patient was put on a strict recall program. After 12 months, favorable clinical and radiographical improvements were obtained. The 7-year maintenance of the present case with several initially hopeless teeth has been shown and discussed in this report. It can be concluded that optimum oral hygiene level as well as the positive cooperation of the patient enhanced the success of periodontal treatment results even in extremely severe periodontal destruction.

  14. [Periodontal disease in pediatric rheumatic diseases].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fabri, Gisele M C; Savioli, Cynthia; Siqueira, José T; Campos, Lucia M; Bonfá, Eloisa; Silva, Clovis A

    2014-01-01

    Gingivitis and periodontitis are immunoinflammatory periodontal diseases characterized by chronic localized infections usually associated with insidious inflammation This narrative review discusses periodontal diseases and mechanisms influencing the immune response and autoimmunity in pediatric rheumatic diseases (PRD), particularly juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (C-SLE) and juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM). Gingivitis was more frequently observed in these diseases compared to health controls, whereas periodontitis was a rare finding. In JIA patients, gingivitis and periodontitis were related to mechanical factors, chronic arthritis with functional disability, dysregulation of the immunoinflammatory response, diet and drugs, mainly corticosteroids and cyclosporine. In C-SLE, gingivitis was associated with longer disease period, high doses of corticosteroids, B-cell hyperactivation and immunoglobulin G elevation. There are scarce data on periodontal diseases in JDM population, and a unique gingival pattern, characterized by gingival erythema, capillary dilation and bush-loop formation, was observed in active patients. In conclusion, gingivitis was the most common periodontal disease in PRD. The observed association with disease activity reinforces the need for future studies to determine if resolution of this complication will influence disease course or severity. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.

  15. Social gradients in periodontal diseases among adolescents.

    Science.gov (United States)

    López, Rodrigo; Fernández, Olaya; Baelum, Vibeke

    2006-06-01

    To investigate the association between socioeconomic position and periodontal diseases among adolescents. Data were obtained from 9203 Chilean high school students. Clinical examinations included direct recordings of clinical attachment level and the necrotizing ulcerative gingival lesions. Students answered a questionnaire on various dimensions of socioeconomic position. Seven periodontal outcomes were analyzed. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify socioeconomic variables associated with the periodontal outcomes. The occurrence of all periodontal outcomes investigated followed social gradients, and paternal income and parental education were the most influential variables. The study demonstrates the existence of significant social gradients in periodontal diseases already among adolescents. This is worrying, and indicates a new potential for further insight into the mechanisms of periodontal disease causation.

  16. Genetic susceptibility of periodontitis

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Laine, M.L.; Crielaard, W.; Loos, B.G.

    2012-01-01

    In this systematic review, we explore and summarize the peer-reviewed literature on putative genetic risk factors for susceptibility to aggressive and chronic periodontitis. A comprehensive literature search on the PubMed database was performed using the keywords ‘periodontitis’ or ‘periodontal

  17. Smoking-a true periodontal hazard

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mani Ameet M, Mani Shubhangi A, Tejnani Avneesh H, Gupta Ankit

    2013-04-01

    Full Text Available It is now well established that tobacco use in general and cigarette smoking in particular, is a major risk factor in the incidence and severity of several forms of periodontal diseases.A large number of studies have been published in the dental literature regarding this possible role. Much of the literature has also indicated that smokers affected with periodontitis respond less favourably to periodontal treatment be it non-surgical, surgical or regenerative. Numerous studies of the potential mechanisms whereby smoking tobacco may predispose to periodontal disease have been conducted, and it appears that smoking may affect the vasculature, the humoral immune system, and the cellular immune and inflammatory systems, and have effects throughout the cytokine and adhesion molecule network. The aim of this review is to consider the evidence for the association between smoking and periodontal diseases and to highlight the biological mechanisms whereby smoking may affect the periodontium.

  18. Improvement in Oral Health-related Quality of Life by Periodontal Treatment: A Case Report on Elderly Patient with Chronic Periodontitis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Suzuki, Eiichi; Aoki, Hideo; Tomita, Sachiyo; Saito, Atsushi

    2016-01-01

    We report a case of an elderly patient with chronic periodontitis requiring periodontal surgery. An 86-year-old man presented to Tokyo Dental College Suidobashi Hospital with the chief complaint of tooth fracture in the anterior region and occlusal pain in the posterior region. Clinical examination revealed 47% of sites with a probing depth (PD) of ≥4 mm and 47% of sites with bleeding on probing. Radiographic examination revealed generalized moderate horizontal bone loss with localized vertical defects. A clinical diagnosis of moderate chronic periodontitis was made. The patient's oral health-related quality of life (QoL) was also assessed at the time of each periodontal assessment. Initial periodontal therapy was provided followed by periodontal surgery. Open flap debridement was performed at sites with a PD of ≥5 mm (teeth #15-17). Surgical crown lengthening with an apically positioned flap was performed on #11 and 13 to gain an adequate biological width for the subsequent crown restoration. After confirming the stability of the periodontal tissue, provisional restorations were replaced with final restorations. No further deterioration was observed in the periodontal condition during the subsequent 1-year period of supportive periodontal therapy. Oral health-related QoL was markedly improved by the periodontal therapy. This suggests that periodontal therapy plays an important role in improving and maintaining oral health-related QoL in elderly people.

  19. Signature of Microbial Dysbiosis in Periodontitis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Meuric, Vincent; Le Gall-David, Sandrine; Boyer, Emile; Acuña-Amador, Luis; Martin, Bénédicte; Fong, Shao Bing; Barloy-Hubler, Frederique; Bonnaure-Mallet, Martine

    2017-07-15

    Periodontitis is driven by disproportionate host inflammatory immune responses induced by an imbalance in the composition of oral bacteria; this instigates microbial dysbiosis, along with failed resolution of the chronic destructive inflammation. The objectives of this study were to identify microbial signatures for health and chronic periodontitis at the genus level and to propose a model of dysbiosis, including the calculation of bacterial ratios. Published sequencing data obtained from several different studies (196 subgingival samples from patients with chronic periodontitis and 422 subgingival samples from healthy subjects) were pooled and subjected to a new microbiota analysis using the same Visualization and Analysis of Microbial Population Structures (VAMPS) pipeline, to identify microbiota specific to health and disease. Microbiota were visualized using CoNet and Cytoscape. Dysbiosis ratios, defined as the percentage of genera associated with disease relative to the percentage of genera associated with health, were calculated to distinguish disease from health. Correlations between the proposed dysbiosis ratio and the periodontal pocket depth were tested with a different set of data obtained from a recent study, to confirm the relevance of the ratio as a potential indicator of dysbiosis. Beta diversity showed significant clustering of periodontitis-associated microbiota, at the genus level, according to the clinical status and independent of the methods used. Specific genera ( Veillonella , Neisseria , Rothia , Corynebacterium , and Actinomyces ) were highly prevalent (>95%) in health, while other genera ( Eubacterium , Campylobacter , Treponema , and Tannerella ) were associated with chronic periodontitis. The calculation of dysbiosis ratios based on the relative abundance of the genera found in health versus periodontitis was tested. Nonperiodontitis samples were significantly identifiable by low ratios, compared to chronic periodontitis samples. When

  20. Diabetes mellitus and periodontal health: dentists' knowledge.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Al-Khabbaz, Areej K; Al-Shammari, Khalaf F

    2011-01-01

    There is a strong body of evidence to support the relationship between periodontal diseases and diabetes mellitus. Unless dental practitioners are aware of this link, they cannot apply the information to their daily practice. The aim of the study was, therefore, to evaluate the knowledge of dental practitioners concerning the effect of diabetes on periodontal health. This was a cross-sectional survey of randomly selected dental practitioners in Kuwait. Participants were asked about specific periodontal complications which they believed that patients diagnosed with diabetes were more susceptible to. A total of 220 dental practitioners (133 general dental practitioners and 87 dental specialists) participated in the study. Less than 60% of all study participants reported that tooth loss due to periodontal reasons and periodontal abscess were frequent among diabetic patients. Dental specialists, especially periodontists, were significantly more aware of periodontal complications associated with diabetes. Factors significantly associated with having knowledge about the effect of diabetes on periodontal health in logistic regression analysis were dentists who were older and those who were specialists. The results of this study indicate that knowledge about the effects of diabetes on periodontal health among this sample of dental practitioners is generally low, and dentists may underestimate the outcomes of periodontal diseases in diabetic patients. Copyright © 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel.

  1. Ubiquitination in Periodontal Disease: A Review.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tsuchida, Sachio; Satoh, Mamoru; Takiwaki, Masaki; Nomura, Fumio

    2017-07-10

    Periodontal disease (periodontitis) is a chronic inflammatory condition initiated by microbial infection that leads to gingival tissue destruction and alveolar bone resorption. The periodontal tissue's response to dental plaque is characterized by the accumulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, macrophages, and lymphocytes, all of which release inflammatory mediators and cytokines to orchestrate the immunopathogenesis of periodontal disease. Ubiquitination is achieved by a mechanism that involves a number of factors, including an ubiquitin-activating enzyme, ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, and ubiquitin-protein ligase. Ubiquitination is a post-translational modification restricted to eukaryotes that are involved in essential host processes. The ubiquitin system has been implicated in the immune response, development, and programmed cell death. Increasing numbers of recent reports have provided evidence that many approaches are delivering promising reports for discovering the relationship between ubiquitination and periodontal disease. The scope of this review was to investigate recent progress in the discovery of ubiquitinated protein in diseased periodontium and to discuss the ubiquitination process in periodontal diseases.

  2. Therapeutic strategies in the treatment of periodontitis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Liljana Bogdanovska

    2012-04-01

    Full Text Available Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory process which affects the tooth - supporting structures of the teeth. The disease is initiated by subgingival periopathogenic bacteria in susceptible periodontal sites. The host immune response towards periodontal pathogens helps to sustain periodontal disease and eventual alveolar bone loss. Although scaling and root planing is the standard treatment modality for periodontitis, it suffers from several drawbacks such as the inability to reach the base of deep pockets and doesn’t arrest migration of periodontal pathogens from other sites in the oral cavity. In order to overcome the limitations of scaling and root planning, adjunctive chemotherapeutics and host modulatory agents to the treatment are used. These therapeutic agents show substantial beneficial effects when compared to scaling and root planning alone. This review will cover an update on chemotherapeutic and past and future host immune modulatory agents used adjunctively to treat and manage periodontal diseases.

  3. Periodontal disease and liver cirrhosis: A systematic review.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Grønkjær, Lea Ladegaard

    2015-01-01

    Studies suggest that periodontal disease, a source of subclinical and persistent infection, may be associated with various systemic conditions, including liver cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to examine the literature and determine the relationship between periodontal disease and liver cirrhosis and to identify opportunities and directions for future research in this area. A systematic review of English articles in the PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus databases was conducted using search terms including 'liver cirrhosis', 'end-stage liver disease', 'liver diseases', 'oral health', 'periodontal disease', 'mouth disease', 'gingivitis', and 'periodontitis'. Thirteen studies published between 1981 and 2014 were found to include data on oral health and periodontal disease in cirrhotic patients. Studies indicated an increased incidence of periodontal disease in patients with liver cirrhosis, measured with several different periodontal indices. The reported prevalence of periodontal disease in cirrhosis patients ranged from 25.0% to 68.75% in four studies and apical periodontitis was found in 49%-79% of the patients. One study found that mortality was lower among patients who underwent dental treatment versus non-treated patients. Another study suggested an association between periodontal disease and the progression of liver cirrhosis, but data are sparse and conflicting as to whether periodontal disease is correlated to cirrhosis aetiology and severity. Despite the clinical reality of periodontal disease in liver cirrhosis patients, there are few published studies. Before clinical implications can be addressed, more data on the prevalence of and correlation between periodontal disease and liver cirrhosis aetiology, duration, and progression are needed.

  4. PERIODONTAL CONDITIONS IN EUROPE

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    PILOT, T; MIYAZAKI, H

    The aim of the present overview is to evaluate the periodontal conditions in European populations. Study was made of a number of extensive surveys of periodontal diseases carried out in a number of European countries, primarily North West Europe. These surveys often provide considerable detail.

  5. Comparative evaluation of serum C-reactive protein levels in chronic and aggressive periodontitis patients and association with periodontal disease severity.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Goyal, Lata; Bey, Afshan; Gupta, N D; Sharma, Vivek Kumar

    2014-10-01

    C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute-phase reactant and has been proved to be a significant predictor of future cardiovascular events. Recent studies have demonstrated a correlation between periodontitis and elevated CRP levels. However, most of the studies have focused on chronic periodontitis and very few studies are done in patients with aggressive periodontitis. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the relative levels of serum CRP in aggressive and chronic periodontitis patients. A total of 75 systemically healthy subjects were divided into three groups: Group I, nonperiodontitis subjects; group II, chronic generalized periodontitis patients and group III, generalized aggressive periodontitis patients. All participants were subjected to quantitative CRP analysis using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Mean CRP levels were significantly greater in both group II and III as compared to group I and group III having greater level than group II. Furthermore, CRP levels positively correlated with the amount of periodontal destruction as measured by probing depth and clinical attachment loss. The present study indicates a positive correlation between CRP and periodontal disease severity with particular concern in younger individuals that could be a possible underlying pathway in the association between periodontal disease and the observed higher risk for cardiovascular disease in periodontitis patients.

  6. Estado de las enfermedades raras que cursan con discapacidad intelectual en Colombia

    OpenAIRE

    Hurtado Sánchez, Johan Sebastián

    2016-01-01

    Las enfermedades raras o huérfano son una problemática que ha tomado mucha importancia en el contexto mundial del presente siglo, estas se han definido como crónicas, de difícil tratamiento de sus síntomas y con baja prevalencia en la población; muchas de estas enfermedades cursan con varios tipos de discapacidad, siendo el objetivo del presente trabajo el enfocarse en aquellas enfermedades raras que cursan con discapacidad intelectual. Para poder profundizar en estas enfermedades se realizó ...

  7. Expression Profile of IL-35 mRNA in Gingiva of Chronic Periodontitis and Aggressive Periodontitis Patients: A Semiquantitative RT-PCR Study

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    Nagaraj B. Kalburgi

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Background. Proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines play a key role in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. Secretion of bioactive IL-35 has been described by T regulatory cells ( and is required for their maximal suppressive activity. are involved in the modulation of local immune response in chronic periodontitis patients. Objective. Hence, the present study was aimed to investigate the expression of IL-35 mRNA in chronic periodontitis and aggressive periodontitis patients. Materials and Methods. The present study was carried out in 60 subjects, which included 20 chronic periodontitis patients, 20 aggressive periodontitis patients, and 20 periodontally healthy controls. IL-35 mRNA expression in gingival tissue samples of all subjects was semiquantitatively analyzed using Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR. Results. The present study demonstrated the expression of IL-35 mRNA in gingival tissues of all the three groups. IL-35 mRNA expression was highest in chronic periodontitis subjects ( as compared to the aggressive periodontitis group ( and least seen in healthy patients (. Conclusion. The increased expression of IL-35 in chronic and aggressive periodontitis suggests its possible role in pathogenesis of periodontitis. Future studies done on large samples with intervention will strengthen our result.

  8. Effects of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on C-reactive protein and serum lipids in Jordanian adults with advanced periodontitis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kamil, W; Al Habashneh, R; Khader, Y; Al Bayati, L; Taani, D

    2011-10-01

    Data on whether periodontal therapy affects serum CRP levels are inconclusive. The aim of this study was to determine if nonsurgical periodontal therapy has any effect on CRP and serum lipid levels in patients with advanced periodontitis. Thirty-six systemically healthy patients, ≥ 40 years of age and with advanced periodontitis, were recruited for the study. Patients were randomized consecutively to one of two groups: the treatment group (n = 18) or the control group (n = 18). Treated subjects received nonsurgical periodontal therapy, which included oral hygiene instructions and subgingival scaling and root planing. Systemic levels of inflammatory markers [C-reactive protein (CRP) and the lipid profile] were measured at baseline and 3 mo after periodontal therapy. Nonsurgical periodontal therapy in the treatment group resulted in a significant reduction in the serum CRP level. The average CRP level decreased from 2.3 mg/dL at baseline to 1.8 mg/dL (p periodontal therapy. The average reduction (95% confidence interval) in CRP was 0.498 (95% confidence interval = 0.265-0.731). In the treatment group, the reduction in CRP was significantly, linearly and directly correlated with the reduction in the plaque index, the gingival index and the percentage of sites with pocket depth ≥ 7 mm (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.746, 0.425 and 0.621, respectively). Nonsurgical periodontal therapy had no effect on the lipid parameters. This study demonstrated that nonsurgical periodontal therapy results in a significant reduction in the serum CRP level. The effect of this outcome on systemic disease is still unknown. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.

  9. Interleukin-1β expression on periodontitis patients in Surabaya

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Chiquita Prahasanti

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available Background: Periodontal disease, commonly known as periodontitis is an infectious disease which has multifactorial etiologic factors. It may affect everybody in any ages with no gender nor sex predilection and usually can be detected under routine clinical examination. This disease is a manifestation of local factors, host factor and environmental factors, resulting in periodontal tissue damage which may cause tooth mobility and tooth loss. Interleukin-1 is a pro-inflammatory protein which functions primarily as inflammatory mediator in host innate immune responses. IL-1 is a regulator, affecting many biological activities including proliferation, development, homeostasis, regeneration, repair and inflammation which contribute to tissue damage and alveolar bone resorption. Purpose: This research was aimed to reveal the basic pathogenesis of periodontitis and could determine the future definitive treatment for patients with periodontitis. Methods: Data were obtained from 40 patients with aggressive periodontitis and 40 patients with chronic periodontitis. Samples were collected from periodontal tissue patients and protein expression of IL-1β was performed with immunohistochemistry. Results: Most female patient suffer aggressive periodontitis and chronic periodontitis. The datas were analyzed with t-test. The t values result was -8623, significance 0.001, with α = 5%, which indicated there was significant difference in IL-1β expression between aggressive and chronic periodontitis. The box plot diagram showed marked difference in distribution of protein expression of IL-1β between patients with aggressive periodontitis and chronic periodontitis. With a regression equation, it might be concluded that the protein expression of IL-1β might affect the incidence of aggressive periodontitis and chronic periodontitis. The OR value was calculated for 0.746 (sign.= 0.001, which indicate each increment of one unit protein expression of IL-1β will lead

  10. Risk of Porphyromonas gingivalis recolonization during the early period of periodontal maintenance in initially severe periodontitis sites.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fujise, Osamu; Miura, Mayumi; Hamachi, Takafumi; Maeda, Katsumasa

    2006-08-01

    Porphyromonas gingivalis is considered a critical pathogen of periodontal diseases including recurrent periodontitis. The profound effects of active periodontal treatment (APT) on P. gingivalis elimination were previously demonstrated and revealed that the subsequent P. gingivalis-free or -suppressed status seems to be maintained during early periodontal maintenance (PMT). The aim of the present study was to show the occurrence of microbial recolonization during this early PMT period. In total, 128 sites from 11 generalized chronic periodontitis patients and one generalized aggressive periodontitis patient underwent clinical and microbiologic examination at baseline (Exam-I), after APT (Exam-II), and in PMT (Exam-III). Exam-III was carried out an average of 4.5 +/- 3.5 months after Exam-II. Detection and quantification of putative pathogens were performed using a polymerase chain reaction-based method. The PMT used was effective in maintaining the clinical conditions improved by APT. However, in microbiological examinations, Exam-III showed higher detection frequency and levels of P. gingivalis than Exam-II. This suggests that a P. gingivalis recolonization started in the early PMT period. P. gingivalis-increased sites then showed significantly more severe signs of periodontitis in Exam-I than P. gingivalis-stable sites (bleeding on probing frequency: 76.7% versus 56.5%; suppuration frequency: 41.9% versus 12.9%). On the other hand, in Exam-II, no significant differences of clinical parameters were noted between P. gingivalis-increased and -stable sites. Severe periodontitis sites before APT seemed to place them at risk of P. gingivalis recolonization in the early PMT period, and this microbial restoration could be a cause of recurrent periodontitis.

  11. Protein Biomarkers of Periodontitis in Saliva

    Science.gov (United States)

    Taylor, John J.

    2014-01-01

    Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition of the tissues that surround and support the teeth and is initiated by inappropriate and excessive immune responses to bacteria in subgingival dental plaque leading to loss of the integrity of the periodontium, compromised tooth function, and eventually tooth loss. Periodontitis is an economically important disease as it is time-consuming and expensive to treat. Periodontitis has a worldwide prevalence of 5–15% and the prevalence of severe disease in western populations has increased in recent decades. Furthermore, periodontitis is more common in smokers, in obesity, in people with diabetes, and in heart disease patients although the pathogenic processes underpinning these links are, as yet, poorly understood. Diagnosis and monitoring of periodontitis rely on traditional clinical examinations which are inadequate to predict patient susceptibility, disease activity, and response to treatment. Studies of the immunopathogenesis of periodontitis and analysis of mediators in saliva have allowed the identification of many potentially useful biomarkers. Convenient measurement of these biomarkers using chairside analytical devices could form the basis for diagnostic tests which will aid the clinician and the patient in periodontitis management; this review will summarise this field and will identify the experimental, technical, and clinical issues that remain to be addressed before such tests can be implemented. PMID:24944840

  12. Enfermedad Diverticular del Colon

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gonzalo López Escobar

    1991-06-01

    Full Text Available

    Los divertículos del colon han sido reconocidos por varios observadores desde hace más de un siglo, pero en su mayor parte se trataba de casos aislados, hoy se la considera como la enfermedad del siglo XX, la de la era moderna y de los países industrializados y de avanzada tecnología (5,18,33.

    Según el diccionario de la Real Academia Española (11, divertículo, del latín, diverticulum, quiere decir desviación de un camino; y desde el punto de vista anatómico, apéndice hueco y terminado en fondo de saco. (Gráfica No. 1.

    Goligher (17 lo define como la “posada al borde del camino, probablemente un lugar, a menudo, de mala reputación”.

    Historia

    Según Hackford (18, el proceso fué descrito brevemente por Littre a comienzos del siglo XVIII; pero se le atribuye a Cruveilhier la primera descripción como proceso patológico en 1849, quien, además, mencionó: “encontramos, no rara vez, en el sigmoide, entre las bandas de fibras musculares longitudinales, una serie de pequeños tumores piriformes oscuros, que están formados por hernias de la mucosa a través de brechas en la capa muscular” (17.

    Fleischman en 1815 hizo la primera observación de la enfermedad y empleó el término divertículo (45.

    Rokitansky en 1.849, habló de una enfermedad adquirida y consideró que su causa consistía en la constipación (45.

    Virchowen 1853 describió la perisigmoiditis (45.

    En 1859 Sidney Jones informó de una fístula colo-vesical debida a diverticulitis (5,45.

    Loomis en 1870 describe una peritonitis como resultante de una diverticulitis (45.

    En 1877 Ball describió la anatomía patológica de la enfermedad y presentó dos casos de fístula colovesical debidas a diverticulitis (9. Cripps en 1.888 popularizó la colostomía de desviación como tratamiento para la fístula colovesical(18...

  13. Regeneração periodontal em cães Periodontal regeneration in dogs

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Emily Correna Carlo Reis

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available A doença periodontal pode ser definida como a condição inflamatória dos tecidos de suporte do dente em resposta ao acúmulo do biofilme. A consequencia é a formação de graves defeitos ósseos, devido à perda dos tecidos periodontais, levando, em última instância, à perda dos dentes, predisposição a fraturas de mandíbula e formação de comunicações oronasais. O principal tratamento é a prevenção, incluindo a escovação dentária diária e a profilaxia periodontal, procedimento realizado pelo médico veterinário para remoção do biofilme e cálculo dentário acumulados. A recuperação dos tecidos perdidos, ou seja, a regeneração periodontal, é um processo mais complexo, pois envolve a formação de três tecidos intimamente ligados: osso alveolar, ligamento periodontal e cemento. Assim, diversos materiais e técnicas foram e são constantemente desenvolvidos, incluindo membranas para regeneração tecidual guiada e a aplicação de enxertos e biomateriais, amplamente estudados na odontologia humana e já disponíveis para aplicação na rotina clínica veterinária. Adicionalmente, novas possibilidades surgem com a associação dessas técnicas a fatores de crescimento e células-tronco e o desenvolvimento das membranas multifuncionais.Periodontal disease can be defined as the inflammatory condition of the tooth-supportive tissues as a response to biofilm accumulation. The consequence is the formation of severe bone defects due to the loss of periodontal tissues that ultimately lead to tooth loss, predispose to mandible fractures and formation of oronasal communications. The main treatment is prevention, including daily tooth brushing and periodontal prophylaxis, a procedure done by veterinaries to remove retained biofilm and calculus. Recovering lost tissues, i.e. periodontal regeneration, is a more complex process involving the formation of three tissues highly connected: alveolar bone, periodontal ligament and

  14. Morfea o esclerodermia localizada juvenil: caso clínico

    OpenAIRE

    Strickler, Alexis; Gallo, Silvanna; Jaramillo, Pedro; de Toro, Gonzalo

    2016-01-01

    Introducción: La morfea o esclerodermia localizada juvenil (ELJ) es una enfermedad autoinmune, inflamatoria, crónica, lenta y progresiva del tejido conectivo, de causa desconocida, que afecta preferentemente la piel y los tejidos subyacentes. Objetivos: Comunicar un caso de esclerodermia localizada juvenil en una escolar, y contribuir a un diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno de esta patología. Caso clínico: Niña de 8 años con placas induradas hipopigmentadas, de distribución lineal en la extre...

  15. Ectopic abdominal pregnancy due to uterine perforation after an attempt to terminate pregnancy: a case presentation

    OpenAIRE

    Alexander Abreu; Ndivhuwo Michael Ndwambi; Fermín Luis Martínez

    2017-01-01

    Resumen El embarazo ectópico abdominal secundario tiene una baja frecuencia de presentación en la práctica clínica, pero puede llevar al incremento de la mortalidad materna. Se presenta el caso de una paciente con embarazo abdominal secundario a una perforación uterina, causada por una interrupción voluntaria del embarazo. Este evolucionó durante nueve semanas con dolor abdominal y sangramiento vaginal escaso. A la paciente se le realizaron diagnósticos como enfermedad inflamatoria pélvica...

  16. Effect of Periodontal Therapy on Crevicular Fluid Interleukin-18 Level in Periodontal Health and Disease in Central Maharashtra (India) Population.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mahajani, Monica J; Jadhao, Varsha A; Wankhade, Pooja S; Samson, Emmanuel; Acharya, Vishwas D; Tekale, Pawankumar D

    2017-11-01

    The incidence and progression of the periodontal disease depend on periodontal microflora and the multifaceted response of the host, and these interactions are mediated by cytokines and chemokines. Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a proinflammatory cytokine of the IL-1 superfamily. The aim of the present study was the assessment of the periodontal therapy in IL-18 level in periodontal disease and health. Based on clinical attachment loss (CAL), probing pocket depth (PPD), gingival index (GI), and plaque index (PI) patients were divided into three groups: Group I with healthy patients, group II with chronic periodontitis, and group III with posttreatment patients having periodontitis. Mean PI, PPD, CAL, and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) volume were significantly higher in groups II and III compared with group I. However, there were no significant differences between GI in groups I, II, and III. The total amount of IL-18 in GCF was significantly higher in group II when compared with groups I and III (p periodontally involved patients, and reduced at baseline, 3 and 6 weeks after nonsurgical periodontal therapy. The IL-18 might be hypothetically beneficial in distinguishing health from disease and monitoring periodontal disease activity.

  17. Scope of photodynamic therapy in periodontics.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kumar, Vivek; Sinha, Jolly; Verma, Neelu; Nayan, Kamal; Saimbi, C S; Tripathi, Amitandra K

    2015-01-01

    Periodontal disease results from inflammation of the supporting structure of the teeth and in response to chronic infection caused by various periodontopathic bacteria. The mechanical removal of this biofilm and adjunctive use of antibacterial disinfectants and antibiotics have been the conventional methods of periodontal therapy. However, the removal of plaque and the reduction in the number of infectious organisms can be impaired in sites with difficult access. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a powerful laser-initiated photochemical reaction, involving the use of a photoactive dye (photosensitizer) activated by light of a specific wavelength in the presence of oxygen. Application of PDT in periodontics such as pocket debridement, gingivitis, and aggressive periodontitis continue to evolve into a mature clinical treatment modality and is considered as a promising novel approach for eradicating pathogenic bacteria in periodontitis.

  18. Phenotypes, serotypes and antibiotic susceptibility of Swedish Porphyromonas gingivalis isolates from periodontitis and periodontal abscesses.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dahlén, G; Gmür, R; Yoshino, T

    2007-04-01

    This study was conducted to reveal phenotypic, serological subtypes and antibiotic susceptibility among fresh isolates of Porphyromonas gingivalis in a Swedish population with periodontitis and periodontal abscess. Fifty-five subgingival strains were isolated and tentatively designated as P. gingivalis from 55 consecutive paper-point samples taken from 51 patients with periodontitis (at least one site with >6-mm pocket depth) in Sweden and were sent in for microbiological evaluation. Eight P. gingivalis strains from periodontal abscesses were also included. Four P. gingivalis strains served as reference and another four type strains were included. The strains were characterized by colony morphology, biochemical tests, enzyme profile, gas-liquid chromatography and antibiotic susceptibility. The strains were further characterized for whole cell protein profiles using sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and were identified to serotype by specific monoclonal antibodies. Among the 55 P. gingivalis strains 35 had smooth (S), 13 rough (R) and seven semi-rough colony morphologies. All strains were phenotypically homogeneous in biochemical tests, enzyme profile and antibiotic susceptibility. All strains produced phenylacetic acid and alpha-fucosidase. Almost all (96%) of the subgingival strains, but relatively fewer (62%) of the abscess strains, belonged to serotype A. Two subgingival and three abscess strains were classified as serotype B. No specific SDS-PAGE protein profiles were recorded for the two serotypes. The P. gingivalis strains from Swedish periodontitis cases showed homogeneity in terms of biochemical phenotypes and antibiotic susceptibility patterns. The strains fell into two serotypes, of which serotype A predominated in the periodontitis cases and serotype B was overrepresented in periodontal abscesses.

  19. Escleritis posterior: a propósito de un caso

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Isabel Ambou Frutos

    Full Text Available Las enfermedades inflamatorias de la esclera son infrecuentes. Involucran tanto la esclera como la epiesclera y se caracterizan por su cronicidad, dolor y por ser una causa potencial de ceguera. Su asociación con enfermedades sistémicas, frecuentemente de causa autoinmune, y la aparición de graves complicaciones oculares, conllevan una terapia sistémica agresiva con antinflamatorios no esteroideos, corticoesteroides y agentes inmunosupresores, los cuales se pueden utilizar solos o combinados. Presentamos el caso de un paciente masculino de 37 años de edad quien acudió al Cuerpo de Guardia por dolor ocular intenso, asociado a ojo rojo, disminución de la agudeza visual y cifras elevadas de tensión ocular del ojo derecho, a quien le fue diagnosticada una escleritis posterior.

  20. Regulación de las metalotioneínas durante el estrés y la inflamación, y su influencia durante la respuesta inflamatoria

    OpenAIRE

    Carrasco Trancoso, Javier

    2000-01-01

    Regulación de las metalotioneínas durante el estrés y la inflamación, y su influencia durante la respuesta inflamatoria. Las metalotioneínas (MTs) son unas proteínas de bajo peso molecular (6-7 kDa) con capacidad para ligar metales pesados como el Zn y el Cu. En los roedores existen cuatro isoformas diferentes denominadas MT-I, -II, -III y IV. Las MT-I y MT-II se expresan prácticamente en todos los tejidos del organismo y son inducibles por metales pesados, agentes oxidantes, hormonas, la inf...

  1. La enfermedad de Alzheimer y los inhibidores de la colinesterasa

    OpenAIRE

    Carlos Luis Alpízar-Quesada; Catalina Morales-Alpízar

    2003-01-01

    La enfermedad de alzheimer (EA), es muy frecuente en la vejez donde se pierden, en forma lenta y progresiva, capacidades cognoscitivas y motoras. Esta enfermedad ha ido en aumento conforme se incrementa la expectativa de vida de la población. En los últimos años, descubrir un tratamiento efectivo para esta enfermedad ha sido un verdadero reto científico. A pesar de que su patología fue descrita hace algunos años, no hubo tratamiento disponible hasta hace poco tiempo. Desde principios de los n...

  2. Quantitative assessment of periodontal bone defects

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Stelt, P.F. van der; Geraets, W.G.M.

    1987-01-01

    Radiographs are a well-accepted tool in diagnosing periodontal bone lesions and making an accurate evaluation of the treatment. However, the assessment of bone is hampered by the complicated and as it were unpredictable pattern of bone structure. Therefore, and to compensate for the bias always present in human observations, a computer aided procedure was developed to detect and describe periodontal bone lesions. This paper describes a comparison of the performance by human observers and of the computer program. Two series of artificial periodontal bone lesions served as material for the assessments. This study shows that the automated lesion detection program enables an assessment of periodontal bone lesions, which is at least comparable with the results of a group of experienced observers and probably better. It is considerably better than the results of observers individually, and decreases the time-dependent variability appearing in repeated assessments of a single observer. The computer aided detection of periodontal lesions can be considered as a useful and reliable tool in periodontal diagnosis. 9 ref.; 2 figs

  3. Diagnosis of Periodontal Diseases by Biomarkers

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kido, Jun-Ichi; Hino, Mami; Bando, Mika; Hiroshima, Yuka

    Many middle aged and old persons take periodontal diseases that mainly cause teeth loss and result in some systemic diseases. The prevention of periodontal diseases is very important for oral and systemic health, but the present diagnostic examination is not fully objective and suitable. To diagnose periodontal diseases exactly, some biomarkers shown inflammation, tissue degradation and bone resorption, in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and saliva are known. We demonstrated that GCF levels of calprotectin, inflammation-related protein, and carboxy-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen, bone metabolism-related protein, were associated with clinical condition of periodontal diseases, and suggested that these proteins may be useful biomarkers for periodontal diseases. Recently, determinations of genes and proteins by using microdevices are studied for diagnosis of some diseases. We detected calprotectin protein by chemiluminescent immunoassay on a microchip and showed the possibility of specific and quantitative detection of calprotectin in a very small amount of GCF. To determine plural markers in GCF by using microdevices contributes to develop accurate, objective diagnostic system of periodontal diseases.

  4. Effects of periodontal therapy on C-reactive protein and HDL in serum of subjects with periodontitis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Leite, Anne Carolina Eleutério; Carneiro, Valéria Martins de Araújo; Guimarães, Maria do Carmo Machado

    2014-01-01

    To investigate the effects of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in the sera and its association with body mass index and high density lipoprotein in subjects with severe periodontitis. Sera from 28 subjects (mean age: 34.36±6.24; 32% men) with severe periodontitis and 27 healthy controls (mean age: 33.18±6.42; 33% men) were collected prior to periodontal therapy. Blood samples were obtained from 23 subjects who completed therapy (9-12 months). Oral and systemic parameters such as the number of blood cells, glucose examination, lipid profile, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels accessed by high-sensitivity immunonephelometry assay, were included. Before therapy, in the periodontitis group, the ratio of subjects with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein C-reactive protein C-reactive protein C-reactive protein >0.3 mg/dL (28.91±6.03) (Pperiodontitis, periodontal therapy was associated with decreased levels of circulating high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and increase of high density lipoprotein in serum. The clinical trial was registered at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov.br/, No. RBR-24T799.

  5. Nutraceuticals in Periodontal Health: A Systematic Review on the Role of Vitamins in Periodontal Health Maintenance.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Varela-López, Alfonso; Navarro-Hortal, María D; Giampieri, Francesca; Bullón, Pedro; Battino, Maurizio; Quiles, José L

    2018-05-20

    Periodontal disease, a relevant public health problem worldwide, is generally considered a common pathology of elderly people. In this respect, there is agreement about that nutritional status may be a modifying factor in the progression and healing of the periodontal tissues. Vitamins have been recommended as nutraceuticals for prevention and treatment of some pathological conditions, such as cardiovascular diseases, obesity or cancer. Thus, a systematic approach to determining how the different vitamin type could ameliorate periodontal risks or improve periodontal health is necessary to further the understanding of the potential benefits and risks of vitamins supplementation use. For this, a systematic review of English-written literature in PubMed until February 2018, which included both human and animal research on the relationship of each vitamin with periodontal disease, was conducted. Among all the analyzed vitamins those with antioxidant capacity and effects on immune system seem to be useful for prevention or improvement of periodontal disease, as well as those implicated in bone metabolism. In the first case, there are quite information in favor of various vitamins, mainly vitamin C, that is the most studied. In the second case, vitamin D seems to have the most relevant role.

  6. Animal Models for Periodontal Disease

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Helieh S. Oz

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Animal models and cell cultures have contributed new knowledge in biological sciences, including periodontology. Although cultured cells can be used to study physiological processes that occur during the pathogenesis of periodontitis, the complex host response fundamentally responsible for this disease cannot be reproduced in vitro. Among the animal kingdom, rodents, rabbits, pigs, dogs, and nonhuman primates have been used to model human periodontitis, each with advantages and disadvantages. Periodontitis commonly has been induced by placing a bacterial plaque retentive ligature in the gingival sulcus around the molar teeth. In addition, alveolar bone loss has been induced by inoculation or injection of human oral bacteria (e.g., Porphyromonas gingivalis in different animal models. While animal models have provided a wide range of important data, it is sometimes difficult to determine whether the findings are applicable to humans. In addition, variability in host responses to bacterial infection among individuals contributes significantly to the expression of periodontal diseases. A practical and highly reproducible model that truly mimics the natural pathogenesis of human periodontal disease has yet to be developed.

  7. Animal Models for Periodontal Disease

    Science.gov (United States)

    Oz, Helieh S.; Puleo, David A.

    2011-01-01

    Animal models and cell cultures have contributed new knowledge in biological sciences, including periodontology. Although cultured cells can be used to study physiological processes that occur during the pathogenesis of periodontitis, the complex host response fundamentally responsible for this disease cannot be reproduced in vitro. Among the animal kingdom, rodents, rabbits, pigs, dogs, and nonhuman primates have been used to model human periodontitis, each with advantages and disadvantages. Periodontitis commonly has been induced by placing a bacterial plaque retentive ligature in the gingival sulcus around the molar teeth. In addition, alveolar bone loss has been induced by inoculation or injection of human oral bacteria (e.g., Porphyromonas gingivalis) in different animal models. While animal models have provided a wide range of important data, it is sometimes difficult to determine whether the findings are applicable to humans. In addition, variability in host responses to bacterial infection among individuals contributes significantly to the expression of periodontal diseases. A practical and highly reproducible model that truly mimics the natural pathogenesis of human periodontal disease has yet to be developed. PMID:21331345

  8. Improvement of pustulosis palmaris et plantaris by periodontal infection control in a patient with chronic periodontitis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Murai, Osamu; Sasaki, Daisuke; Ando, Yoshinori; Fujimura, Akira; Oikawa, Hiromi; Suwa, Nagisa; Watabe, Daisuke; Maeda, Fumihiko; Endo, Kohki; Yaegashi, Takashi; Akasaka, Toshihide; Naruishi, Koji

    2012-01-01

    Pustulosis palmaris et plantaris (PPP) is a chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune-type disease characterized by sterile pustules of skin. The skin inflammation is influenced by several factors such as drugs, sunlight, metabolic and psychogenic factors as well as metal allergy. Here, we report a rare case that intensive periodontal treatment might have contributed to the improvement of skin inflammation. Skin inflammation regressed 1 month after intensive periodontal treatment. Both CD4/CD8 ratio and % of B cells in the blood sample were slightly decreased corresponding to the improvement of periodontal inflammation. Infection control of periodontal lesions might be one of attractive therapeutic targets in management of PPP.

  9. Efficacy of combined orthodontic-periodontic treatment for patients with periodontitis and its effect on inflammatory cytokines: A comparative study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Jin; Zhang, Ai-Min; Zhang, Zong-Mei; Jia, Jin-Lin; Sui, Xin-Xin; Yu, Lu-Rui; Liu, Hai-Tao

    2017-10-01

    In this study, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of combined orthodontic-periodontic treatment in the treatment of patients with periodontitis and its effects on the levels of inflammatory cytokines. A total of 117 patients with periodontitis were randomly assigned to the basic group (receiving basic periodontic treatment, n = 58) and the combined group (receiving combined orthodontic-periodontic treatment, n = 59). In addition, 52 healthy people without periodontal disease were selected as the normal group. Probing depth, tooth mobility, plaque index, clinical attachment level, and sulcus bleeding index were recorded. ELISA was applied to detect gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum levels of inflammatory cytokines. A 2-year clinical follow-up was conducted. Before treatment, the periodontal parameters (probing depth, tooth mobility, plaque index, clinical attachement level, and sulcus bleeding index) and GCF and serum levels of inflammatory cytokines (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin-1β, interleukin-5, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor-α, and prostaglandin E2) in the combined and basic groups were higher than those in the normal group. After 6 and 18 months of treatment, the periodontal parameters and GCF and serum levels of inflammatory cytokines decreased in the combined and basic groups. The periodontal parameters and the GCF and serum levels of inflammatory cytokines in the combined group were significantly lower than those in the basic group after 18 months of treatment. The combined group had a lower recurrence rate compared with the basic group. Combined orthodontic-periodontic treatment had good clinical efficacy in the treatment of periodontitis and could effectively decrease the levels of inflammatory cytokines. Copyright © 2017 American Association of Orthodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  10. Orthodontic–periodontics interdisciplinary approach

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vinod, K.; Reddy, Y. Giridhar; Reddy, Vinay P.; Nandan, Hemant; Sharma, Meenakshi

    2012-01-01

    In this present era, when a significant number of patients seeking orthodontic treatment are adults, importance of multidisciplinary treatment approach cannot be overemphasized. Higher susceptibility of plaque accumulation in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment makes involvement of periodontist almost unavoidable. Also, orthodontic treatment frequently results in undesirable periodontal changes which require immediate attention. More recently, orthodontics has been used as an adjunct to periodontics to increase connective tissue support and alveolar bone height. The purpose of this article is to review the adverse effects of orthodontic treatment on the periodontal tissues and to discuss the mutually beneficial relationship shared between the two specialties. PMID:22628956

  11. Tratamiento de la enfermedad de Graves Basedow

    OpenAIRE

    Hernando Vargas-Uricoechea; Carlos Hernán Sierra-Torres; Ivonne Alejandra Meza-Cabrera

    2014-01-01

    Se realizó una revisión narrativa rigurosa de la literatura inglesa y en español sobre diferentes aspectos de la Enfermedad de Graves-Basedow e hipertiroidismo. Esta patología –parte de la llamada “enfermedad tiroidea autoinmune”- se produce como consecuencia de la presencia de anticuerpos circulantes que se unen y activan al receptor de tirotropina, desencadenándose generalmente el hipertiroidismo en asociación con un estrés agudo. En este artículo actualizamos tanto el manejo de hipertiroid...

  12. Disfagia asociada a la enfermedad de Parkinson

    OpenAIRE

    Rodríguez Alonso, Alexandra

    2017-01-01

    La disfagia orofaríngea es un síntoma que se asocia a la enfermedad de Parkinson, se define como la dificultad o el impedimento al avance normal del bolo alimenticio desde la cavidad oral hasta el estómago, contribuyendo a una deglución ineficaz e insegura. Este proyecto de investigación tiene como objetivo principal detectar disfagia en pacientes con Enfermedad de Parkinson. Se realizó una encuesta que fue distribuida entre los EP que acuden a rehabilitación a la Asociación de Parkinson V...

  13. Periodontitis and increase in circulating oxidative stress

    OpenAIRE

    Takaaki Tomofuji; Koichiro Irie; Toshihiro Sanbe; Tetsuji Azuma; Daisuke Ekuni; Naofumi Tamaki; Tatsuo Yamamoto; Manabu Morita

    2009-01-01

    Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are products of normal cellular metabolism. However, excessive production of ROS oxidizes DNA, lipids and proteins, inducing tissue damage. Studies have shown that periodontitis induces excessive ROS production in periodontal tissue. When periodontitis develops, ROS produced in the periodontal lesion diffuse into the blood stream, resulting in the oxidation of blood molecules (circulating oxidative stress). Such oxidation may be detrimental to systemic health. Fo...

  14. El timerosal y las enfermedades del neurodesarrollo infantil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luis Maya

    2006-09-01

    Full Text Available Se evalúa la relación causal entre el timerosal (etilmercurio, como preservante en las vacunas pediátricas, y el incremento de casos de enfermedades del neurodesarrollo infantil, como consecuencia de la ampliación de los esquemas de inmunización. Se revisó la información científica, relacionando el timerosal y las evidencias que permitan evaluar una posible asociación causal, con estudios epidemiológicos, ecológicos, biomoleculares y toxicológicos, de bioseguridad, toxicológicos fetales y sobre salud reproductiva. Se encontró múltiples asociaciones entre la exposición a timerosal y las enfermedades del neurodesarrollo infantil. Tal neurotoxicidad ocurre en los infantes y fetos de gestantes vacunadas por dosis acumulativa de mercurio. Las diversas evidencias implican al timerosal como el agente causante, agravante o disparador de las enfermedades del neurodesarrollo infantil. La toxicidad del mercurio obligó al retiro progresivo del timerosal de los medicamentos. Lamentablemente, en las vacunas, ha habido una sustancial demora en la demostración de su impacto negativo. Actualmente, existen vacunas sin timerosal, cuyo uso está ocasionando la disminución de la incidencia de las enfermedades del neurodesarrollo infantil.

  15. Levels of Candidate Periodontal Pathogens in Subgingival Biofilm

    OpenAIRE

    Oliveira, R.R.D.S.; Fermiano, D.; Feres, M.; Figueiredo, L.C.; Teles, F.R.F.; Soares, G.M.S.; Faveri, M.

    2016-01-01

    In recent years, several new periodontal taxa have been associated with the etiology of periodontitis. A recent systematic review provides further support for the pathogenic role of 17 species/phylotypes. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and levels of these species in subjects with generalized chronic periodontitis (GChP; n = 30), generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP; n = 30), and periodontal health (PH; n = 30). All subjects underwent clinical and microbiologica...

  16. Comparisons of Subgingival Microbial Profiles of Refractory Periodontitis, Severe Periodontitis and Periodontal Health using the Human Oral Microbe Identification Microarray (HOMIM)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Colombo, Ana Paula V.; Boches, Susan K.; Cotton, Sean L.; Goodson, J. Max; Kent, Ralph; Haffajee, Anne D.; Socransky, Sigmund S.; Hasturk, Hatice; Van Dyke, Thomas E.; Paster, Bruce J.

    2013-01-01

    Aim This study compared the subgingival microbiota of subjects with refractory periodontitis (RP) to those in subjects with treatable periodontitis (GR) or periodontal health (PH) using the Human Oral Microbe Identification Microarray (HOMIM). Methods At baseline, subgingival plaque samples were taken from 47 periodontitis and 20 PH individuals, and analyzed for the presence of 300 species by HOMIM. The periodontitis subjects were classified as RP (n=17) based on mean attachment loss (AL) and/or >3 sites with AL ≥2.5 mm after SRP, surgery and systemically administered amoxicillin and metronidazole or as GR (n=30) based on mean attachment gain and no sites with AL ≥2.5 mm after treatment. Significant differences in taxa among groups were sought using the Kruskal Wallis and Chi-square tests. Results More species were detected in diseased patients (GR or RP) than those without disease (PH). RP subjects were distinguished from GR and PH by a significantly high frequency of putative periodontal pathogens such as, Parvimonas micra, Campylobacter gracilis, Eubacterium nodatum, Selenomonas noxia, Tannerella forsythia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella spp., Treponema spp., Eikenella corrodens, as well as “unusual” species (Pseudoramibacter alactolyticus, TM7 spp. oral taxon (OT) 346/356, Bacteroidetes spp. OT 272/274, Solobacterium moorei, Desulfobulbus sp. OT 041, Brevundimonas diminuta, Sphaerocytophaga sp. OT 337, Shuttleworthia satelles, Filifactor alocis, Dialister invisus/pneumosintes, Granulicatella adiacens, Mogibacterium tidmidum, Veillonella atypica, Mycoplasma salivarium, Synergistes sp. cluster II, Acidaminococcaceae [G-1] sp. OT 132/150/155/148/135) [pspp. cluster I, Capnocytophaga sputigena, Cardiobacterium hominis, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Lautropia mirabilis, Propionibacterium propionicum, Rothia dentocariosa/mucilagenosa, Streptococcus sanguinis (p<0.05). Conclusion RP patients present a distinct microbial profile compared to patients in the

  17. Enfermedad, lenguaje y vida animal

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    Miguel Martínez García

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available En este artículo planteamos una aproximación crítica a la «cuestión animal» desde la perspectiva de la enfermedad. El problema de la «animalidad», en efecto, y de su relación con lo humano, constituye un problema clave en las experiencias modernas de «lo patológico». Es frecuente, ciertamente, que en un contexto de enfermedad grave o ante un proceso patológico agudo se produzca un efecto de acercamiento o de asimilación entre el sujeto enfermo y el animal. En la mayoría de los casos, dicha animalización está íntimamente relacionada con el discurso y la práctica médica. Sin embargo, creemos que «lo animal» está irrumpiendo también de otro modo en nuestras experiencias de enfermedad. Para entender esta irrupción, creemos que es adecuado volver a recurrir a la idea del «devenir animal» de Deleuze. Con esta herramienta, nos enfrentamos a un corpus de textos literarios recientes en los se aprecia un «devenir animal» del enfermo que contesta a los procesos de animalización ligados a la clínica. El «devenir animal» del enfermo se materializa específicamente, en estos casos, en relación con un particular «devenir animal de la lengua».

  18. Errores innatos del metabolismo: Enfermedades lisosomales

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    Caridad Menéndez Saínz

    2002-03-01

    Full Text Available Dentro de los errores innatos del metabolismo se encuentran las enfermedades de almacenamiento lisosomal o enzimopatías lisosomales, las cuáles se caracterizan por un déficit enzimático específico, la excreción de metabolitos por la orina y la acumulación de los compuestos no degradados en diferentes órganos y tejidos que ocasionan la disfución de éstos. Tienen un patrón de herencia autosómico recesivo, excepto para la enfermedad de Fabry y la enfermedad de Hunter en las que el patrón de herencia está ligado al cromosoma X. Estas enfermedades tienen una baja incidencia en general, aunque hay poblaciones donde algunas de ellas tienen una alta incidencia. Su importancia radica en la magnitud que representan como problema de salud, por la pobre calidad de vida de esos pacientes, así como su fallecimiento prematuro, motivo por el cual hay que evitar los nacimientos de nuevos niños afectados.Among the metabolism inborn errors, there are the lysosomal storage diseases or lysosomal enzymopathies that are characterized by an specific enzymatic deficiency, excretion of metabollites in urine and accumulation of non-degraded compounds in various organs and tissues causing their dysfunction. These diseases have a recessive autosomal heredity, except for Fabry´s disease and Hunter’s disease in which the pattern of heredity is chromosome X-linked. These diseases have a low incidence in general although there are populations where they show a high incidence. Their importance lies in what they represent as a health problem because of the poor quality of life of these patients and their early death, therefore, it is necessary to prevent the birth of new infants affected with these diseases.

  19. PREVALENCIA Y MORTALIDAD DE LA ENFERMEDAD DE HUNTINGTON A PARTIR DEL REGISTRO POBLACIONAL DE ENFERMEDADES RARAS DE LAS ISLAS BALEARES DURANTE EL PERÍODO 2010-2013

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    Mercedes Cáffaro Rovira

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available La enfermedad de Huntington (EH es una enfermedad hereditaria de baja prevalencia, por lo que se incluye en los registros de enfermedades raras. El registro poblacional de enfermedades raras de las Islas Baleares se inició en el año 2010. Previamente no existían datos de prevalencia y mortalidad de la EH en las Islas Baleares. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia y la mortalidad de la enfermedad de Huntington en las Islas Baleares durante el periodo 2010-2013. Métodos: Se utilizaron como fuentes de información el registro poblacional de enfermedades raras de las Islas Baleares, del que se obtuvieron los casos diagnosticados, el Registro de mortalidad de las Islas Baleares, del que se obtuvieron los casos fallecidos, el registro del Servicio de Salud de las Islas Baleares del que se obtuvieron el número de tarjetas sanitarias y del Instituto Nacional de Estadística se obtuvieron los datos de población. Se calcularon las tasas de prevalencia y de mortalidad. Resultados: El registro poblacional de enfermedades raras de las Islas Baleares durante el periodo 2010-2013 registró 27 casos de EH. El 63% fueron mujeres. La tasa de prevalencia fue de 2,6 por 105 y la tasa de mortalidad de 1,1 por 105. La isla de Menorca fue la más afectada con una prevalencia de 5,9 por 105 y una mortalidad de 2,1 por 105. Conclusiones: La prevalencia y mortalidad de la EH en las Islas Baleares son bajas en comparación con zonas del entorno.

  20. La legionelosis como enfermedad profesional: metodología de valoración

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    Marta Dorronsoro Dorronsoro

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available La Legionella es una enfermedad bacteriana producida por la Legionella Pneumofila, patógeno oportunista que para causar una enfermedad debe estar presente en el lugar (reservorio, debe alcanzar un número suficiente para causar la infección (amplificación y debe pasar al ambiente en estado infectivo (diseminación los focos de contaminación que con mayor frecuencia han sido relacionados con los brotes epidémicos son instalaciones de suministro de agua y de acondicionamiento del aire de los edificios como: circuitos de distribución de agua caliente sanitaria, sistemas de climatización, aguas termales de centros de rehabilitación y recreo, equipos de aerosolterapia. El desarrollo de la enfermedad depende de la exposición al microorganismo patógeno, de la virulencia y de la inmunidad del huésped. La enfermedad puede ser asumida como enfermedad profesional cuando su aparición va ligada a la exposición al agente patógeno, demostrada su presencia en el medio de trabajo y realizando tareas en las que es posible su infección. En este artículo a propósito de un caso se establecen los pasos para la determinación de la contingencia profesional de una enfermedad causada por exposición a agentes biológicos Material y método: Se han revisado hasta mayo de 2013 las siguientes bases de datos bibliográficas: SciELO, y PUBMED. Así como la Bibliografía y documentos de consulta citados en la misma Conclusiones: la neumonía por legionella puede contraerse tanto con carácter ocupacional ligado al trabajo como ambiental. Como toda enfermedad profesional, la diferencia no está en los signos o síntomas de la enfermedad, que no difieren en la neumonía por legionella ni en la clínica ni en la analítica, ni en las pruebas de imagen en cuanto al origen causal, sea este ambiental o de ocio o en la práctica laboral, sino que su adscripción diferencial causal ligada al trabajo viene definida por cumplir con los requisitos legales que dotan a

  1. Periodontal treatment outcomes during pregnancy and postpartum.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Moreira, Carlos Heitor Cunha; Weidlich, Patrícia; Fiorini, Tiago; da Rocha, José Mariano; Musskopf, Marta Liliana; Susin, Cristiano; Oppermann, Rui Vicente; Rösing, Cassiano Kuchenbecker

    2015-09-01

    This study was conducted to compare periodontal therapy outcomes during pregnancy and after delivery. One hundred nine pregnant women up to the 20th gestational week (GW) were randomized into two groups: the test group (comprehensive periodontal therapy during pregnancy) and the control group (comprehensive periodontal therapy after delivery). Periodontal examinations comprised plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), periodontal probing depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) volume. After baseline examination, women in the test group received periodontal treatment up to the 24th GW. The final examination was performed at the 26th to the 28th GW. Women in the control group were treated 30 days after delivery and reexamined 30 days after treatment. Periodontal therapy significantly reduced periodontal inflammation in both groups. The mean percentage of sites with BOP was reduced from 49.14 % (±22.49) to 11.10 % (±7.84) and from 45.71 % (±17.86) to 8.07 % (±5.21) in the test and control groups, respectively (p = 0.95). No statistically significant differences were observed between groups concerning PI, GI, PPD, CAL, and GCF. The reduction in mean percentage of sites with BOP stratified for initial PPD ≥4 mm was higher in the control group (p pregnancy do not interfere in treatment outcomes in women with widespread gingival inflammation and limited periodontal destruction. The role of these hormonal changes in pregnant women with different disease patterns remains uncertain. Periodontal health can be reestablished irrespective of the hormonal challenge that takes place during pregnancy.

  2. Antibiotic Resistance in Human Chronic Periodontitis Microbiota

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Rams, Thomas E.; Degener, John E.; van Winkelhoff, Arie J.

    Background: Patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) may yield multiple species of putative periodontal bacterial pathogens that vary in their antibiotic drug susceptibility. This study determines the occurrence of in vitro antibiotic resistance among selected subgingival periodontal pathogens in

  3. Scope of photodynamic therapy in periodontics

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vivek Kumar

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Periodontal disease results from inflammation of the supporting structure of the teeth and in response to chronic infection caused by various periodontopathic bacteria. The mechanical removal of this biofilm and adjunctive use of antibacterial disinfectants and antibiotics have been the conventional methods of periodontal therapy. However, the removal of plaque and the reduction in the number of infectious organisms can be impaired in sites with difficult access. Photodynamic therapy (PDT is a powerful laser-initiated photochemical reaction, involving the use of a photoactive dye (photosensitizer activated by light of a specific wavelength in the presence of oxygen. Application of PDT in periodontics such as pocket debridement, gingivitis, and aggressive periodontitis continue to evolve into a mature clinical treatment modality and is considered as a promising novel approach for eradicating pathogenic bacteria in periodontitis.

  4. Periodontal Disease and Systemic Health

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Club Program Perio Store Education & Careers Careers in Periodontics Perio Exam for Dental Licensure Recommended Competencies Periodontal ... may also help with the management of other chronic inflammatory conditions. Diabetes heart Disease Other Diseases Members ...

  5. ENFERMEDAD, MUERTE Y MEMORIA LA EXPERIENCIA FUNERARIA COMO INSTANCIA DEL RECUERDO (UNA LECTURA DE LA ENFERMEDAD, DE ALBERTO BARRERA TYSZKA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Javier Franco

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Experiencia y memoria dicen de una vida en común; ambas son, esencialmente, colectivas. Vivir y recordar nos comprometen con el otro, porque incluso la experiencia más íntima está mediada por su presencia; o por su ausencia, que es otra forma de estar juntos. La muerte augura no sólo el fin de la experiencia, sino también su carácter irrecuperable, irreversible. La enfermedad es el aviso, la antesala de la muerte. Enfermedad y muerte convocan el pasado, lo instan a hacerse (en el presente, aunque toda restitución sea imposible. Pero la muerte, al menos la propia, es inenarrable. No hay un discurso pos mortem que no provenga del otro, de los otros. La enfermedad y la muerte del prójimo, del otro próximo, activan la memoria y el discurso funerarios. Los vivos recuerdan al muerto y hablan en su nombre. La enfermedad, de Alberto Barrera Tyszka, ficciona ese doble proceso de recordación y pérdida: la muerte del padre signa no sólo el pasado, sino el futuro del hijo, que ve en el presente tanto la repetición traumática del pasado, como el proceso de duelo que inaugura. Estas líneas proponen una lectura de esa puesta en escena.

  6. Tuberculosis como enfermedad ocupacional Tuberculosis as occupational disease

    OpenAIRE

    Alberto Mendoza-Ticona

    2012-01-01

    Existe evidencia suficiente para declarar a la tuberculosis como enfermedad ocupacional en diversos profesionales especialmente entre los trabajadores de salud. En el Perú están normados y reglamentados los derechos laborales inherentes a la tuberculosis como enfermedad ocupacional, como la cobertura por discapacidad temporal o permanente. Sin embargo, estos derechos aún no han sido suficientemente socializados. En este trabajo se presenta información sobre el riesgo de adquirir tuberculosis ...

  7. Gene therapy and its implications in Periodontics

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mahale, Swapna; Dani, Nitin; Ansari, Shumaila S.; Kale, Triveni

    2009-01-01

    Gene therapy is a field of Biomedicine. With the advent of gene therapy in dentistry, significant progress has been made in the control of periodontal diseases and reconstruction of dento-alveolar apparatus. Implementation in periodontics include: -As a mode of tissue engineering with three approaches: cell, protein-based and gene delivery approach. -Genetic approach to Biofilm Antibiotic Resistance. Future strategies of gene therapy in preventing periodontal diseases: -Enhances host defense mechanism against infection by transfecting host cells with an antimicrobial peptide protein-encoding gene. -Periodontal vaccination. Gene therapy is one of the recent entrants and its applications in the field of periodontics are reviewed in general here. PMID:20376232

  8. Identification of subgingival periodontal pathogens and association with the severity of periodontitis in patients with chronic kidney diseases: a cross-sectional study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ismail, Fidan Bahtiar; Ismail, Gener; Dumitriu, Anca Silvia; Baston, Catalin; Berbecar, Vlad; Jurubita, Roxana; Andronesi, Andreea; Dumitriu, Horia Traian; Sinescu, Ioanel

    2015-01-01

    The aim of our study was to assess the subgingival profile of 9 periodontal pathogens, by means of real-time PCR, in a group of predialysis chronic kidney disease patients with and without periodontal disease and to identify the risk factors associated with periodontal disease in these patients. This is a single centre cross-sectional cohort study performed on 70 CKD patients. Patients received a full-mouth periodontal examination and the following parameters were assessed: periodontal pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing, and plaque index; subgingival biofilm samples were collected from the deepest periodontal pocket of each quadrant and were pooled in one transporting unit. Clinical data were drawn from the medical file of the patients. T. denticola (P = 0.001), T. forsythia (P < 0.001), and P. micros (P = 0.003) are significantly associated with periodontal disease in CKD subjects but in a multivariate model only age and T. forsythia remain independent risk factors for periodontal disease in patients with CKD. In our cohort, age and T. forsythia are independently associated with periodontitis in CKD patients. Within the limits of this study, CKD was not significantly associated with a particular subgingival periodontal pathogens profile in periodontitis patients.

  9. Identification of Subgingival Periodontal Pathogens and Association with the Severity of Periodontitis in Patients with Chronic Kidney Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Study

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fidan Bahtiar Ismail

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Background. The aim of our study was to assess the subgingival profile of 9 periodontal pathogens, by means of real-time PCR, in a group of predialysis chronic kidney disease patients with and without periodontal disease and to identify the risk factors associated with periodontal disease in these patients. Material and Methods. This is a single centre cross-sectional cohort study performed on 70 CKD patients. Patients received a full-mouth periodontal examination and the following parameters were assessed: periodontal pocket depth (PPD, clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing, and plaque index; subgingival biofilm samples were collected from the deepest periodontal pocket of each quadrant and were pooled in one transporting unit. Clinical data were drawn from the medical file of the patients. Results. T. denticola (P=0.001, T. forsythia (P<0.001, and P. micros (P=0.003 are significantly associated with periodontal disease in CKD subjects but in a multivariate model only age and T. forsythia remain independent risk factors for periodontal disease in patients with CKD. Conclusions. In our cohort, age and T. forsythia are independently associated with periodontitis in CKD patients. Within the limits of this study, CKD was not significantly associated with a particular subgingival periodontal pathogens profile in periodontitis patients.

  10. Does smoking affect gingival crevicular fluid LL-37 levels following non-surgical periodontal treatment in chronic periodontitis?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Türkoğlu, Oya; Eren, Gülnihal; Emingil, Gülnur; Azarsız, Elif; Kutukculer, Necil; Atilla, Gül

    2016-01-01

    LL-37 contributes to maintaining the balance between health and disease. Smoking is a risk factor for periodontitis that impairs neutrophil functions. The aim of the present study was to comparatively evaluate gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) LL-37 levels in smoker and non-smoker chronic periodontitis (CP) patients and controls, as well as the effect of non-surgical periodontal treatment on GCF LL-37 levels. Thirty-one CP patients (16 smokers, 15 non-smokers) and thirty-one controls (16 smokers, 15 non-smokers) were included in the study. CP patients received non-surgical treatment. GCF LL-37 levels and periodontal parameters were assessed at baseline, 1 and 3 months after completion of non-surgical periodontal treatment. GCF LL-37 levels were analyzed by ELISA. No significant difference was observed in GCF LL-37 levels between smoker and non-smoker controls (p>0.05). Smoker CP group had significantly lower GCF LL-37 level than non-smoker CP group at baseline (pnon-smoker CP group at first week, 1 and 3 months after completion of non-surgical periodontal treatment (psmoker CP group (p>0.05). Periodontal parameters were correlated with GCF LL-37 levels in non-smoker CP group (psmoker CP group (p>0.05). GCF LL-37 levels do not seem to be affected from smoking in periodontal health. However, smoking might have a suppressive effect on GCF LL-37 levels in CP. Non-surgical treatment is effective in decreasing GCF LL-37 levels in non-smoker CP patients but not in smokers with CP. Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

  11. Periodontal disease and liver cirrhosis: A systematic review

    Science.gov (United States)

    2015-01-01

    Objectives: Studies suggest that periodontal disease, a source of subclinical and persistent infection, may be associated with various systemic conditions, including liver cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to examine the literature and determine the relationship between periodontal disease and liver cirrhosis and to identify opportunities and directions for future research in this area. Methods: A systematic review of English articles in the PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus databases was conducted using search terms including ‘liver cirrhosis’, ‘end-stage liver disease’, ‘liver diseases’, ‘oral health’, ‘periodontal disease’, ‘mouth disease’, ‘gingivitis’, and ‘periodontitis’. Results: Thirteen studies published between 1981 and 2014 were found to include data on oral health and periodontal disease in cirrhotic patients. Studies indicated an increased incidence of periodontal disease in patients with liver cirrhosis, measured with several different periodontal indices. The reported prevalence of periodontal disease in cirrhosis patients ranged from 25.0% to 68.75% in four studies and apical periodontitis was found in 49%–79% of the patients. One study found that mortality was lower among patients who underwent dental treatment versus non-treated patients. Another study suggested an association between periodontal disease and the progression of liver cirrhosis, but data are sparse and conflicting as to whether periodontal disease is correlated to cirrhosis aetiology and severity. Conclusion: Despite the clinical reality of periodontal disease in liver cirrhosis patients, there are few published studies. Before clinical implications can be addressed, more data on the prevalence of and correlation between periodontal disease and liver cirrhosis aetiology, duration, and progression are needed. PMID:26770799

  12. Treatment of periodontal abcess with Class II furcation involvement

    OpenAIRE

    Nur Rahmah; Arni Irawaty Djais

    2016-01-01

    Treatment of periodontal abscess with furcation involvement has its own challenges in achieving the success of periodontal treatment. Teeth with periodontal abscesses often indicate the presence of furcation involvement. Most periodontal abscess occurs in approximately 92.5% molar. Furcation involvement on tooth abscesses had a greater challenge to the success of periodontal therapy. A male patient aged 36 years came to the clinic with active periodontal disease. On examination, the teeth are...

  13. La placa bacteriana: conceptos básicos para el higienista bucodental

    OpenAIRE

    Poyato Ferrera, Manuel María; Segura-Egea, Juan J; Ríos-Santos, J.V.; Bullon, Pedro

    2001-01-01

    La placa bacteriana es el factor etiológico principal de las dos enfermedades bucodentales de mayor prevalencia, la caries y la enfermedad periodontal. El higienista bucodental y colaborador del odontoestomatólogo en la aplicación del programa de control de placa, debe conocer en profundidad la microbiología de la placa bacteriana dental, así como los mecanismos implicados en su patogenicidad cariogénica y periodontal, aspectos que se revisan a continuación. Dental plaque is the main etiol...

  14. Effects of non-surgical periodontal therapy on serum lipids and C-reactive protein among hyperlipidemic patients with chronic periodontitis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tawfig, Ahmed

    2015-05-01

    To evaluate the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on plasma lipid levels in hyperlipidemic patients with chronic periodontitis. After considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 30 hyperlipidemic patients with chronic periodontitis in the age group of 30-70 years, undergoing treatment in Ahmed Gasim Cardiac and Renal transplant Centre in north Sudan were recruited for the study. Patients were randomly assigned to the study and control groups. The study group received non-surgical periodontal therapy - oral hygiene instructions, scaling and root planing. The control group participants received only oral hygiene instructions. Lipid profile [total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides (TG)], C-reactive protein (CRP), and periodontal parameters [Plaque index (PI), Gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PD), and attachment loss (ATL)] were measured and compared at baseline and after 3 months of the respective intervention. Between-groups analysis was done using independent "t" test and within-group analysis was done using dependent "t" test. At baseline, groups were comparable based on lipid profile and periodontal parameters. After 3 months, the control group showed significant decrease in the PI and GI scores while there was no significant change in the other parameters. However, the study group showed significant decrease in the LDL and CRP levels along with a significant decrease in PD, ATL, PI, and GI scores, compared to the baseline values. Local non-surgical periodontal therapy resulted in improved periodontal health, with significant decrease in the LDL and CRP levels in hyperlipidemic patients with chronic periodontitis. Hence, local non-surgical periodontal therapy may be considered as an adjunct in the control of hyperlipidemia, along with standard care.

  15. Effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on plasma homocysteine levels in Indian population with chronic periodontitis: a pilot study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bhardwaj, Smiti; Prabhuji, M L Venkatesh; Karthikeyan, Bangalore Vardhan

    2015-03-01

    Homocysteine (Hcy) is implicated in the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The effect of periodontal disease and periodontal therapy on plasma Hcy remains controversial. Hence, in this pilot study we assessed the effect of periodontal disease and non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on plasma Hcy in systemically healthy Indian subjects. Forty participants (30 to 39 years) were enrolled in the study and were divided into two groups based on gingival index, probing depth, and clinical attachment level (CAL): Healthy (control group; n = 20) and Chronic Periodontitis (test group; n = 20). Plasma samples were collected and quantified at baseline and 12 weeks after scaling and root planing (SRP) for Hcy using High Performance Liquid Chromatography with fluorescent detection (HPLC-fld). Plasma Hcy levels of chronic periodontitis (17.87 ± 1.21 μmol/l) subjects was significantly higher than healthy subjects (9.09 ± 2.11 μmol/l). Post-therapy, the plasma Hcy concentration reduced significantly (11.34 ± 1.87 μmol/l) (p periodontal inflammation and therapy, respectively, indicate a direct relationship of Hcy with chronic periodontitis. NSPT may be employed as an adjunctive Hcy Lowering Therapy, contributing towards primary prevention against CVD's. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  16. The Effect of Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy on HNP1-3 Level in Gingival Crevicular Fluid of Chronic Periodontitis Patients.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dolińska, Ewa; Skurska, Anna; Pietruska, Małgorzata; Dymicka-Piekarska, Violetta; Milewski, Robert; Pietruski, Jan; Sculean, Anton

    2017-08-01

    The rich bacterial flora of oral cavity is controlled by innate immune response, including antibacterial peptides and among them human neutrophil peptides 1-3 (HNP1-3). The knowledge of the involvement of HNPs in innate and acquired immunity of the periodontium is fragmentary. The aim of the study was to assess alterations in HNP1-3 levels in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of chronic periodontitis patients before and after nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Nineteen patients with chronic periodontitis were qualified to the study. After periodontal examination, one site with pocket depth (PD) ≥4 mm was selected. All the patients received periodontal treatment involving scaling and root planing with additional systemic antibiotic therapy (Amoxicillin 375 mg three times daily and Metronidazole 250 mg three times daily for 7 days). Prior to therapy, 3 and 6 months after it, clinical periodontal parameters were measured and GCF was collected from previously chosen site. The level of HNP1-3 in GCF was determined by means of a commercially available enzyme-linked immunoassay kit. The periodontal therapy caused a statistically significant (p periodontal therapy with additional systemic administration of Amoxicillin and Metronidazole increases the level of HNP1-3 in GCF.

  17. Enfermedad de Tay-Sachs

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Albia Josefina Pozo Alonso

    Full Text Available La enfermedad de Tay-Sachs es un trastorno neurodegenerativo progresivo de herencia autosómica recesiva. Se debe a la deficiencia de la enzima β-hexosaminidasa A, que provoca una acumulación de gangliósidos GM2 en los lisosomas. Se incluye dentro de las esfingolipidosis. De las esfingolipidosis que presentan mancha rojo cereza en la mácula, la enfermedad de Tay-Sachs es la única en la que no se evidencia hepatoesplenomegalia. La variante más frecuente se inicia en la lactancia. Se presenta un lactante del sexo masculino al que se le realizó el diagnóstico de esta entidad a los 8 meses de edad. A partir de los 4 meses comenzó a presentar una reacción de sobresalto. A los 6 meses comenzó a perder habilidades previamente adquiridas y crisis epilépticas mioclónicas. Se constató una disminución de la actividad específica de la enzima hexosaminidasa A en leucocitos.

  18. Las enfermedades de Ludwing Van Beethoven

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Osvaldo Llanos López

    2007-08-01

    Full Text Available La extraordinaria genialidad y productividad musical de Beethoven no fue disminuida por la influencia de sus múltiples dolencias, sino que por el contrario, en períodos críticos, esta se vio incluso exacerbada. A la sordera, su enfermedad más conocida, pero de causa todavía no precisada, se agregaron otras enfermedades, algunas demostradas en la autopsia, como la cirrosis hepática, la nefropatía, la pancreatitis crónica y otros síndromes sin etiología demostrada, como sus alteraciones gastrointestinales, bronquiales, articulares y oculares. Estas enfermedades, que mortificaron seriamente su vida, pero que no frenaron su creatividad, no pudieron ser controladas por los mejores médicos de la época, con los limitados tratamientos disponibles. Los estudios y especulaciones acerca de su historia médica son abundantes en la literatura y no logran establecer tampoco una patología sistémica que explique al menos la mayoría de sus síndromes. El conocimiento más preciso apunta a que su sordera era de causa mixta, que su cirrosis hepática fue provocada por exceso de alcohol y que la causa de su muerte fue una insuficiencia hepática.

  19. Evaluation of cross-protection by immunization with an experimental trivalent companion animal periodontitis vaccine in the mouse periodontitis model.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hardham, John; Sfintescu, Cornelia; Evans, Richard T

    2008-03-01

    Companion animal periodontal disease is one of the most prevalent diseases seen by veterinarians. The goal of this study was to evaluate the vaccine performance of a trivalent canine periodontitis vaccine in the mouse oral challenge model of periodontitis. Mice vaccinated subcutaneously with an inactivated, whole-cell vaccine preparation of Porphyromonas denticanis, Porphyromonas gulae, and Porphyromonas salivosa displayed significantly reduced alveolar bone loss in response to heterologous and cross-species challenges as compared to sham vaccinated animals. Based on the results of these studies, a periodontitis vaccine may be a useful tool in preventing the initiation and progression of periodontitis caused by the most commonly isolated pigmenting anaerobic bacteria in animals.

  20. Comparisons of subgingival microbial profiles of refractory periodontitis, severe periodontitis, and periodontal health using the human oral microbe identification microarray.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Colombo, Ana Paula V; Boches, Susan K; Cotton, Sean L; Goodson, J Max; Kent, Ralph; Haffajee, Anne D; Socransky, Sigmund S; Hasturk, Hatice; Van Dyke, Thomas E; Dewhirst, Floyd; Paster, Bruce J

    2009-09-01

    This study compared the subgingival microbiota of subjects with refractory periodontitis (RP) to those in subjects with treatable periodontitis (GRs = good responders) or periodontal health (PH) using the Human Oral Microbe Identification Microarray (HOMIM). At baseline, subgingival plaque samples were taken from 47 subjects with periodontitis and 20 individuals with PH and analyzed for the presence of 300 species by HOMIM. The subjects with periodontitis were classified as having RP (n = 17) based on mean attachment loss (AL) and/or more than three sites with AL >or=2.5 mm after scaling and root planing, surgery, and systemically administered amoxicillin and metronidazole or as GRs (n = 30) based on mean attachment gain and no sites with AL >or=2.5 mm after treatment. Significant differences in taxa among the groups were sought using the Kruskal-Wallis and chi(2) tests. More species were detected in patients with disease (GR or RP) than in those without disease (PH). Subjects with RP were distinguished from GRs or those with PH by a significantly higher frequency of putative periodontal pathogens, such as Parvimonas micra (previously Peptostreptococcus micros or Micromonas micros), Campylobacter gracilis, Eubacterium nodatum, Selenomonas noxia, Tannerella forsythia (previously T. forsythensis), Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella spp., Treponema spp., and Eikenella corrodens, as well as unusual species (Pseudoramibacter alactolyticus, TM7 spp. oral taxon [OT] 346/356, Bacteroidetes sp. OT 272/274, Solobacterium moorei, Desulfobulbus sp. OT 041, Brevundimonas diminuta, Sphaerocytophaga sp. OT 337, Shuttleworthia satelles, Filifactor alocis, Dialister invisus/pneumosintes, Granulicatella adiacens, Mogibacterium timidum, Veillonella atypica, Mycoplasma salivarium, Synergistes sp. cluster II, and Acidaminococcaceae [G-1] sp. OT 132/150/155/148/135) (P spp. cluster I, Capnocytophaga sputigena, Cardiobacterium hominis, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Lautropia mirabilis

  1. Attitudes regarding specialist referrals in periodontics.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sharpe, G; Durham, J A; Preshaw, P M

    2007-02-24

    To examine the attitudes of dental practitioners towards specialist periodontal referral in the North East of England. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of 10 practitioners. Interviews continued until data saturation occurred. The data were organised using a framework and analysed by two researchers working independently. Perceptions of periodontal disease and treatment appear to be heavily influenced by the NHS remuneration system. Treatment in general practice was limited to simple scaling and there was an apparent reluctance to treat advanced periodontitis. Such cases were commonly referred to specialists, confirming the demand for a referral service in periodontics. The perceived potential for medico-legal consequences was a strong driver of referrals. Distance to the referral centre and the perceived costs of treatment were significant barriers to referral. Dentists valued the specialist's personal reputation and clinical skills more highly than academic status. Deficiencies in communication between primary and secondary care were highlighted. Increased resources are required to manage periodontal diseases within the NHS. There is a need for a periodontal referral service in the North East of England to improve accessibility to specialist care. This would appear to be most appropriately delivered by increased numbers of specialist practitioners.

  2. Genetic variants in periodontal health and disease

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Dumitrescu, Alexandrina L [Tromsoe Univ. (Norway). Inst. of Clinical Dentistry; Kobayashi, Junya [Kyoto Univ. (Japan). Dept. of Genome Repair Dynamics

    2010-07-01

    Periodontitis is a complex, multifactorial disease and its susceptibility is genetically determined. The present book systematically reviews the evidence of the association between the genetic variants and periodontitis progression and/or treatment outcomes. Genetic syndromes known to be associated with periodontal disease, the candidate gene polymorphisms investigated in relation to periodontitis, the heritability of chronic and aggressive periodontitis, as well as common guidelines for association studies are described. This growing understanding of the role of genetic variation in inflammation and periodontal chronic disease presents opportunities to identify healthy persons who are at increased risk of disease and to potentially modify the trajectory of disease to prolong healthy aging. The book represents a new concept in periodontology with its pronounced focus on understanding through knowledge rather than presenting the presently valid answers. Connections between genetics and periodontology are systematically reviewed and covered in detail. (orig.)

  3. Evaluation of nonsurgical periodontal therapy in chronic periodontitis patients with anemia by estimating hematological parameters and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Musalaiah, S V V S; Anupama, M; Nagasree, M; Krishna, Ch Murali; Kumar, Aravind; Kumar, P Mohan

    2014-07-01

    Periodontal tissues mount an immune inflammatory response to bacteria and their products. Certain inflammatory cytokines produced during periodontal inflammation increase the production of acute phase proteins like high‑sensitivity C‑reactive protein (hs‑CRP) and can depress erythropoietin production leading to the development of anemia. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on red blood cell (RBC) parameters and hs-CRP in chronic periodontitis patients with anemia. This is a longitudinal, interventional study with 6-month follow-up. A total of 30 subjects with anemia and chronic periodontitis with age group of 33-55 years were selected by screening hemoglobin (Hb) levels and examining periodontal findings. The clinical parameters plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) were recorded at baseline. Laboratory blood investigations were performed to evaluate RBC count, Hb, packed cell volume (PCV), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and red cell indices, hs-CRP at baseline. Nonsurgical periodontal therapy was performed for all patients. Patients were recalled after 6 months. The clinical and hematological parameters were re-evaluated to analyze the changes after nonsurgical periodontal therapy. The results showed that there was a significant increase in Hb levels, RBC count and PCV from baseline to 6 months after nonsurgical periodontal therapy. There is significant decrease in levels of ESR and hs-CRP levels after nonsurgical periodontal therapy indicating resolution of periodontal inflammation. There is a significant decrease in PPD, scores of PI and GI and significant increase in CAL gain. Minimal changes in mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and MCH concentration indicated that the lower values of red cell parameters are not due to any vitamin and mineral deficiencies, but secondary to the chronic inflammatory changes

  4. 16S rRNA based microarray analysis of ten periodontal bacteria in patients with different forms of periodontitis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Topcuoglu, Nursen; Kulekci, Guven

    2015-10-01

    DNA microarray analysis is a computer based technology, that a reverse capture, which targets 10 periodontal bacteria (ParoCheck) is available for rapid semi-quantitative determination. The aim of this three-year retrospective study was to display the microarray analysis results for the subgingival biofilm samples taken from patient cases diagnosed with different forms of periodontitis. A total of 84 patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAP,n:29), generalized chronic periodontitis (GCP, n:25), peri-implantitis (PI,n:14), localized aggressive periodontitis (LAP,n:8) and refractory chronic periodontitis (RP,n:8) were consecutively selected from the archives of the Oral Microbiological Diagnostic Laboratory. The subgingival biofilm samples were analyzed by the microarray-based identification of 10 selected species. All the tested species were detected in the samples. The red complex bacteria were the most prevalent with very high levels in all groups. Fusobacterium nucleatum was detected in all samples at high levels. The green and blue complex bacteria were less prevalent compared with red and orange complex, except Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitas was detected in all LAP group. Positive correlations were found within all the red complex bacteria and between red and orange complex bacteria especially in GCP and GAP groups. Parocheck enables to monitoring of periodontal pathogens in all forms of periodontal disease and can be alternative to other guiding and reliable microbiologic tests. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  5. The relationship between depression and periodontal diseases.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hwang, S H; Park, S G

    2018-03-01

    A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate whether depression is associated with periodontal diseases in a representative sample of South Korean adults Methods: We used data from the sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VI), conducted in 2014. We included in this study 4328 participants aged over 20 years (1768 males and 2560 females). Depression was assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and history of physician-diagnosed depression. Periodontal diseases were assessed a gingival bleeding, calculus and periodontal pockets. The data were analyzed using the chi-square test and multiple logistic regression. People with any periodontal diseases tended to be old, male, married, low income, poor education, blue-collar occupation, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, overweight, smoking, not using dental floss or interdental brush in univariate analysis. Neither self-reported nor diagnosed depression was associated with the presence of any or severe periodontal disease in the total sample. In participants aged 20-29 years only, the presence of any periodontal disease was associated with self-reported depression (OR, 2.031; 95% CI, 1.011-4.078). In the same age group, the presence of severe periodontal disease was associated with both self-reported depression (OR, 6.532; 95% CI, 2.190-19.483) and diagnosed depression (OR, 7.729; 95% CI, 1.966-30.389). Self-reported depression was significantly associated with the presence of any or severe periodontal disease, and diagnosed depression was significantly associated with severe periodontal diseases only in participants aged 20-29 years. Copyright© 2018 Dennis Barber Ltd.

  6. Staphylococcus spp. in the oral cavity and periodontal pockets of chronic periodontitis patients Staphylococcus spp. na cavidade bucal e na bolsa periodontal de indivíduos com periodontite crônica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jussara Cia S. Loberto

    2004-06-01

    Full Text Available Staphylococcus spp are not usually isolated from the oral cavity, and when this occurs, they are considered to belong to the transitory microbiota. Individuals with periodontal disease represent possible reservoirs of these opportunistic bacteria in the oral cavity. The use of antibiotics for treatment of periodontal disease or other infections may predispose to the increase of the number of Staphylococcus spp. in the oral cavity. These microorganisms easily become resistant to antibiotics, and may result in superinfection. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of Staphylococcus spp. in the oral cavity and in periodontal pockets of patients with chronic periodontitis, identify the isolates and verify the relationship between the presence of Staphylococcus spp. in the oral cavity and presence of periodontal pockets. The study included eighty-eight patients, 25-60 years of age, with chronic periodontitis, and at least two sites with probing depth > 5 mm. Individual data examination was assessed. Then, samples were colleted from the periodontal pocket with the aid of paper tips and from the oral cavity through mouth rinses. Out of the total of patients, 37.50% presented Staphylococcus spp. in the periodontal pocket and 61.36% in the oral cavity, 27.27% presented the bacteria in both sites. S. epidermidis was the most prevalent specie in the periodontal pocket (15.9% and oral cavity (27.27%. The occurrence of higher proportions of nonresident's microorganisms in subgingival samples and oral sites may represent significant problem in causing and maintaining periodontal infections.Staphylococcus spp. não são usualmente isolados a partir da cavidade bucal. Quando presentes, são considerados pertencentes à microbiota transitória. Indivíduos que apresentam doença periodontal representam possíveis reservatórios dessas bactérias oportunistas na cavidade bucal. O uso de antibióticos para o tratamento da doença periodontal ou

  7. [Pregnancy and periodontal disease--is there a relation?].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mayer, Y; Levin, L; Oettinger-Barak, O; Machtei, E

    2008-01-01

    Pregnancy complications, especially low birth weight (defined as birth weight less than 2.500 kilograms (kg)), pre-term delivery (less than 37 weeks) and pre-ecclampsia (elevated maternal blood pressure), continue to be a significant public health issue in both developed and developing countries. Recent data indicate that periodontal disease might confer risk for several systemic disorders. The relationship between periodontal diseases in pregnancy and obstetric complications has been increasingly investigated, showing inconclusive results. The purpose of this study is to review the current literature regarding the influence of periodontal status on pregnancy outcome, including the effect of periodontal treatment. Further research in this area is required, particularly with respect to the effect of population differences on this potential association between periodontal diseases and pregnancy complications as well as on the exact mechanism of this association. Since pregnancy tends to influence periodontal status, and considering the potential reported relation between periodontal disease and pregnancy complications, careful periodontal diagnosis and treatment before as well as during pregnancy is warranted.

  8. Periodontitis-associated risk factors in pregnant women

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Dilma Bezerra de Vasconcellos Piscoya

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: The main objective of this study was to investigate the risk factors associated with periodontitis in pregnant women. METHODS: This study was conducted in two stages. In Stage 1, a cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of periodontitis among 810 women treated at the maternity ward of a university hospital. In Stage 2, the factors associated with periodontitis were investigated in two groups of pregnant women: 90 with periodontitis and 720 without. A hierarchized approach to the evaluation of the risk factors was used in the analysis, and the independent variables related to periodontitis were grouped into two levels: 1 socio-demographic variables; 2a variables related to nutritional status, smoking, and number of pregnancies; and 2b variables related to oral hygiene. Periodontitis was defined as a probing depth > 4 mm and an attachment loss > 3 mm at the same site in four or more teeth. A logistic regression analysis was also performed. RESULTS: The prevalence of periodontitis in this sample was 11%. The variables that remained in the final multivariate model with the hierarchized approach were schooling, family income, smoking, body mass index, and bacterial plaque. CONCLUSION: The factors identified underscore the social nature of the disease, as periodontitis was associated with socioeconomic, demographic status, and poor oral hygiene.

  9. Periodontal tissue damage in smokers

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hutojo Djajakusuma

    2006-09-01

    Full Text Available Dental plaque is the primary etiological factor in periodontal diseases. However, there are many factors that can modify how an individual periodontal tissue will respond to the accumulation of dental plaque. Among such risk factors, there is increasing evidence that smoking tobacco products alters the expression and rate of progression of periodontal diseases. The aim of this study was to find out the loss of periodontal tissue adhesion in smokers by measuring pocket depth using probe, and by measuring alveolar bone damage using Bone Loss Score (BLS radiographic methods on teeth 12, 11, 21, 22, 32, 31, 41, 42. Based on T Test statistical analysis, there were significant differences in pocket depth damage of alveolar bone in smokers and non smokers. In conclusion there were increasing pocket depth and alveolar bone damage in smokers.

  10. Evaluating of Knowledge and Attitude of Patients with Periodontitis Concerning Effect of Smoking on Periodontal Health

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    F Atarbashi Moghadam

    2016-07-01

    Full Text Available Introduction: Although bacterial plaque is regarded as the major cause of periodontitis, the role of smoking as an important risk factor has been established in the progression of periodontal disease. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate knowledge and attitude of patients with periodontitis concerning effects of smoking on periodontal health. Method: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 300 patients with periodontitis, aged between 18-74 years, were selected via convenience sampling out of patients referred to Periodontology Department of Shahid Sadoughi Dental Faculty and Khatam Alanbia professional clinic of Yazd. The study data were collected using a questionnaire, which were then analyzed by SPSS software (ver. 17 applying Chi-square, T-test and ANOVA statistical tests. Results: The mean total scores of patients' knowledge and attitude in regard with smoking effect on periodontal health were reported 86.7±18.4 and 48.1±7.3, respectively. A significant relationship was observed between knowledge and attitude with students' educational level. In the present study, 42% of smokers tried to quit smoking at least once, among which 14.3% of cases occured due to oral and dental health as well as consultation with dentists. Conclusion: The study findings showed despite patients' good knowledge concerning the effect of smoking on periodontal health, their attitude was reported moderate. Patients' moderate attitude can be mentioned as the main reason of continuing smoking despite their good knowledge. Moreover, dentists were demonstrated to have a negligible role with respect to patients' awareness in this regard.

  11. Relative abundance of total subgingival plaque-specific bacteria in salivary microbiota reflects the overall periodontal condition in patients with periodontitis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kageyama, Shinya; Takeshita, Toru; Asakawa, Mikari; Shibata, Yukie; Takeuchi, Kenji; Yamanaka, Wataru; Yamashita, Yoshihisa

    2017-01-01

    Increasing attention is being focused on evaluating the salivary microbiota as a promising method for monitoring oral health; however, its bacterial composition greatly differs from that of dental plaque microbiota, which is a dominant etiologic factor of oral diseases. This study evaluated the relative abundance of subgingival plaque-specific bacteria in the salivary microbiota and examined a relationship between the abundance and severity of periodontal condition in patients with periodontitis. Four samples (subgingival and supragingival plaques, saliva, and tongue coating) per each subject were collected from 14 patients with a broad range of severity of periodontitis before periodontal therapy. The bacterial composition was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing using Ion PGM. Of the 66 species-level operational taxonomic units (OTUs) representing the mean relative abundance of ≥ 1% in any of the four niches, 12 OTUs corresponding to known periodontal pathogens, including Porphyromonas gingivalis, were characteristically predominant in the subgingival plaque and constituted 37.3 ± 22.9% of the microbiota. The total relative abundance of these OTUs occupied only 1.6 ± 1.2% of the salivary microbiota, but significantly correlated with the percentage of diseased sites (periodontal pocket depth ≥ 4 mm; r = 0.78, P periodontal therapy, the total relative abundance of these 12 OTUs was evaluated as well as before periodontal therapy and reductions of the abundance through periodontal therapy were strongly correlated in saliva and subgingival plaque (r = 0.81, P bacteria representing the present condition of periodontal health.

  12. The Role of Nutrition in Periodontal Health: An Update

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Shariq Najeeb

    2016-08-01

    Full Text Available Periodontal health is influenced by a number of factors such as oral hygiene, genetic and epigenetic factors, systemic health, and nutrition. Many studies have observed that a balanced diet has an essential role in maintaining periodontal health. Additionally, the influences of nutritional supplements and dietary components have been known to affect healing after periodontal surgery. Studies have attempted to find a correlation between tooth loss, periodontal health, and nutrition. Moreover, bone formation and periodontal regeneration are also affected by numerous vitamins, minerals, and trace elements. The aim of this review is to critically appraise the currently available data on diet and maintenance of periodontal health and periodontal healing. The effects of nutritional intervention studies to improve the quality of life and well-being of patients with periodontal disease have been discussed.

  13. Una lengua común: poéticas y políticas de la enfermedad

    OpenAIRE

    Martínez García, Miguel Ángel

    2015-01-01

    La tesis "Una lengua común: poéticas y políticas de la enfermedad" analiza un corpus de textos literarios recientes (publicados en su mayoría después del año 2000) en los que se tematiza el motivo de la enfermedad. La tesis interroga la dimensión social y política de las formas actuales de la enfermedad a partir de sus representaciones literarias. El punto de partida de la tesis consiste en la constatación de que algunas enfermedades (como el cáncer o las llamadas "enfermedades del vacío" o "...

  14. Effect of Non-surgical Periodontal Therapy on Serum and Salivary Concentrations of Visfatin in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nader Abolfazli

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available Background and aims. Visfatin, mainly secreted by visceral adipose tissue, especially by macrophages, plays an impor-tant role in regulating the defense and immune functions, and functions as a growth factor, a cytokine, an enzyme and more importantly as a proinflammatory mediator. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of non-surgical perio-dontal treatment on serum and salivary levels of visfatin in patients with generalized moderate-to-severe chronic periodonti-tis. Materials and methods. Eighteen patients with generalized moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis were selected based on periodontal parameters of gingival index (GI, probing pocket depth (PPD, clinical attachment level (CAL and radio-graphic parameters. Serum and salivary samples were collected at baseline and one month following non-surgical periodon-tal therapy (scaling and root planing ([SRP]. Visfatin levels were measured using an ELISA kit. Data were analyzed by SPSS 15, using paired t-test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results. Mean salivary and serum levels of visfatin significantly decreased after non-surgical periodontal treatment (P<0.05. Changes in salivary visfatin levels were more prominent. Conclusion. According to the findings of this study it seems that there is a direct relationship between periodontal tissue inflammation and disease activity with salivary and serum visfatin levels.

  15. Impact of Periodontitis Case Criteria

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Kongstad, Johanne; Enevold, Christian; Christensen, Lisa Bøge

    2017-01-01

    of The Danish Health Examination Survey (DANHES). METHODS: A total of 4,402 adults aged 18-96 years from the general health examination of DANHES had a periodontal examination consisting of half-mouth registration at 6 sites per tooth including probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL......). Periodontitis was defined according to severe periodontitis, EWP-specific, meanCAL≥2.55mm, CAL-tertile, and PPD-CAL definition. Multivariable logistic regression models fitted the association of age, gender, smoking status, diabetes, educational level, alcohol consumption, body mass index, physical activity...

  16. Centipeda periodontii in human periodontitis

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Rams, Thomas E.; Hawley, Charles E.; Whitaker, Eugene J.; Degener, John E.; van Winkelhoff, Arie J.

    This study assessed the subgingival occurrence of the flagellated, Gram-negative, anaerobic rod Centipeda periodontii in chronic periodontitis and periodontal health/gingivitis with species-specific nucleic acid probes, and evaluated the in vitro resistance of subgingival isolates to therapeutic

  17. Association between periodontal flap surgery for periodontitis and vasculogenic erectile dysfunction in Koreans.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lee, Jae-Hong; Choi, Jung-Kyu; Kim, Sang-Hyun; Cho, Kyung-Hyun; Kim, Young-Taek; Choi, Seong-Ho; Jung, Ui-Won

    2017-04-01

    The National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort and medical checkup data from 2002 to 2013 were used to evaluate the association between periodontal surgery for the treatment of periodontitis (PSTP) and vasculogenic erectile dysfunction (VED). Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied to a longitudinal retrospective database to assess the association between PSTP and VED while adjusting for the potential confounding effects of sociodemographic factors (age, household income, insurance status, health status, residence area, and smoking status) and comorbidities (diabetes mellitus, angina pectoris, cerebral infarction, and myocardial infarction). Among the 7,148 PSTP within the 268,296 recruited subjects, the overall prevalence of VED in PSTP was 1.43% (n=102). The bivariate analysis showed that VED was significantly related to PSTP (odds ratio [OR], 1.99; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.38-2.06; P periodontal flap surgery had a significantly higher risk of VED, after adjusting for potential confounding factors. Further studies are required to identify the key mechanisms underlying the association between severe periodontal disease and VED.

  18. Enfermedades y Geopolítica en Colombia

    OpenAIRE

    Hugo Armando Sotomayor Tribin

    1997-01-01

    El presente artículo “Enfermedades y geopolítica en Colombia” relacionará las enfermedades con dos fenómenos sociales y políticos que han pesado grandemente en la conformación histórica de nuestro país: el acento político y el progreso económico para algunas regiones, al tiempo que el descuido y abandono para otra, y el racismo.

    El primero, el relacionado con la asignación de una mayor importancia en un momento dado a algunas regiones y su contrapartida, el descuido...

  19. Úvea y enfermedades sistémicas

    OpenAIRE

    Pablo Sabat, O.; Víctor Velásquez, R.

    2010-01-01

    El ojo, además de entregarnos el sentido de la visión, también nos permite conocer la salud general del organismo. Muchas enfermedades sistémicas se manifiestan en el órgano visual antes, durante o después del debut de ellas a nivel sistémico. Este compromiso visual es variado y depende de la enfermedad en cuestión, destacando la escleritis, uveítis y vasculitis retinales. Conocer el estado ocular permitirá al clínico realizar diagnósticos más asertivos y oportunos, realizar el tratamiento má...

  20. C-reactive protein levels in patients with aggressive periodontitis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Salzberg, Trang N; Overstreet, Benjamin T; Rogers, Jeffrey D; Califano, Joseph V; Best, Al M; Schenkein, Harvey A

    2006-06-01

    Sera from patients with periodontal infections contain elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) compared to periodontally healthy individuals. Most studies to date have included patients with chronic periodontitis, and few investigators have studied CRP levels in subjects with aggressive periodontitis (AgP). The purpose of this study was to determine the relative levels of serum CRP in AgP patients and periodontally healthy subjects and to examine patients' characteristics that might account for intergroup differences. Serum samples were collected from 93 patients with generalized AgP (GAgP), from 97 patients with localized AgP (LAgP), and from 91 healthy controls (non-periodontitis [NP]). Periodontal examination consisted of plaque index, gingival index, probing depth, bleeding index, and attachment loss measurements. Current smoking was assessed by determination of serum cotinine levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and serum CRP levels were determined using a high-sensitivity ELISA assay. The three groups were significantly different from one another (P periodontal and demographic variables and current smoking, both mean probing depth and periodontal diagnosis remained correlated with CRP levels. Patients with AgP have statistically significant elevations in serum CRP levels compared to subjects without periodontitis. Elevated CRP in these subjects might represent a contribution of periodontal infections to systemic inflammation in relatively young individuals.

  1. A randomized controlled trial of pre-conception treatment for periodontal disease to improve periodontal status during pregnancy and birth outcomes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jiang, Hong; Xiong, Xu; Su, Yi; Zhang, Yiming; Wu, Hongqiao; Jiang, Zhijun; Qian, Xu

    2013-12-09

    Evidence has suggested that periodontal disease is associated with an increased risk of various adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes. However, several large clinical randomized controlled trials failed to demonstrate periodontal therapy during pregnancy reduced the incidence of adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes. It has been suggested that the pre-conception period may be an optimal period for periodontal disease treatment rather than during pregnancy. To date, no randomized controlled trial (RCT) has examined if treating periodontal disease before pregnancy reduces adverse birth outcomes. This study aims to examine if the pre-conception treatment of periodontal disease will lead to improved periodontal status during late pregnancy and subsequent birth outcomes. A sample of 470 (235 in each arm of the study) pre-conception women who plan to conceive within one year and with periodontal disease will be recruited for the study. All participants will be randomly allocated to the intervention or control group. The intervention group will receive free therapy including dental scaling and root planning (the standard therapy), supragingival prophylaxis, and oral hygiene education. The control group will only receive supragingival prophylaxis and oral hygiene education. Women will be followed throughout their pregnancy and then to childbirth. The main outcomes include periodontal disease status in late pregnancy and birth outcomes measured such as mean birth weight (grams), and mean gestational age (weeks). Periodontal disease will be diagnosed through a dental examination by measuring probing depth, clinical attachment loss and percentage of bleeding on probing (BOP) between gestational age of 32 and 36 weeks. Local and systemic inflammatory mediators are also included as main outcomes. This will be the first RCT to test whether treating periodontal disease among pre-conception women reduces periodontal disease during pregnancy and prevents adverse birth outcomes. If

  2. Clinical evaluation in periodontitis patient after curettage

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Widowati Witjaksono

    2006-09-01

    Full Text Available Curettage is used in periodontics to scrap off the gingival wall of a periodontal pocket, and is needed to reduce loss of attachment (LOA by developing new connective tissue attachment in patients with periodontitis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the success of curettage by the formation of tissue attachment. This clinical experiment was done by comparing LOA before curettage, 2 weeks and 3 weeks after curettage on 30 teeth with the indication of curettage. Study population were periodontitis patient who attending dental clinic at Hospital University Science Malaysia (HUSM with inclusion criteria good general health condition, 18 to 55 years old male or female and presented with pocket depth > 3mm. The teeth were thoroughly scaling before intervention and evaluated by measuring the periodontal attachment before curettage, two weeks and three weeks after curettage. Repeated measure ANOVA and Paired T Test were used to analyze the data. The result of the study showed that there was reduction in the periodontal attachment loss in periodontitis patient after curettage either in the anterior or posterior teeth which were supported by statistical analysis. This study concluded that curettage could make reattachment of the tissue

  3. El dolor en la enfermedad de Parkinson. Implicaciones autonómicas y afectivas

    OpenAIRE

    Camacho Conde, José

    2016-01-01

    Introducción y objetivo: La enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) es una enfermedad neurodegenerativa, la segunda con mayor prevalencia, después de la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA). La enfermedad presenta tanto síntomas motores como “no motores”, entre los que se encuentra disfunción autonómica, dolor, deterioro cognitivo, ansiedad, depresión, entre otros. El dolor en la EP, a pesar de su frecuencia, sigue siendo un síntoma infravalorado, infradiagnosticado e infratratado. Nuestro objetivo principal es...

  4. Common Periodontal Diseases of Children and Adolescents

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hayat Al-Ghutaimel

    2014-01-01

    “microbiology of periodontal diseases,” “classification of periodontal diseases,” “epidemiology of periodontal diseases,” and “treatment of periodontal diseases.” Articles were evaluated by title and/or abstract and relevance to pediatric dentistry. Sixty-five citations were selected by this method and by the references within the chosen articles. A review of the comprehensive textbooks on pediatric dentistry and periodontology was done. Some recommendations were based on the opinions of experienced researchers and clinicians, when data were inconclusive.

  5. Effects by periodontitis on pristane-induced arthritis in rats.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Eriksson, Kaja; Lönnblom, Erik; Tour, Gregory; Kats, Anna; Mydel, Piotr; Georgsson, Pierre; Hultgren, Catharina; Kharlamova, Nastya; Norin, Ulrika; Jönsson, Jörgen; Lundmark, Anna; Hellvard, Annelie; Lundberg, Karin; Jansson, Leif; Holmdahl, Rikard; Yucel-Lindberg, Tülay

    2016-11-03

    An infection-immune association of periodontal disease with rheumatoid arthritis has been suggested. This study aimed to investigate the effect of pre-existing periodontitis on the development and the immune/inflammatory response of pristane-induced arthritis. We investigated the effect of periodontitis induced by ligature placement and Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) infection, in combination with Fusobacterium nucleatum to promote its colonization, on the development of pristane-induced arthritis (PIA) in rats (Dark Agouti). Disease progression and severity of periodontitis and arthritis was monitored using clinical assessment, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT)/intraoral radiographs, antibody response, the inflammatory markers such as α-1-acid glycoprotein (α-1-AGP) and c-reactive protein (CRP) as well as cytokine multiplex profiling at different time intervals after induction. Experimentally induced periodontitis manifested clinically (P periodontitis-induction led to severe arthritis in all rats demonstrating that the severity of arthritis was not affected by the pre-existence of periodontitis. Endpoint analysis showed that 89% of the periodontitis-affected animals were positive for antibodies against arginine gingipain B and furthermore, the plasma antibody levels to a citrullinated P. gingivalis peptidylarginine deiminase (PPAD) peptide (denoted CPP3) were significantly (P periodontitis rats with PIA. Additionally, there was a trend towards increased pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels, and increased α-1-AGP levels in plasma from periodontitis-challenged PIA rats. Pre-existence of periodontitis induced antibodies against citrullinated peptide derived from PPAD in rats with PIA. However, there were no differences in the development or severity of PIA between periodontitis challenged and periodontitis free rats.

  6. Probable autoimmune causal relationship between periodontitis and ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Periodontitis is a multifactorial disease with microbial dental plaque as the initiator of periodontal disease. However, the manifestation and progression of the disease is influenced by a wide variety of determinants and factors. The strongest type of causal relationship is the association of systemic and periodontal disease.

  7. A New Classification of Endodontic-Periodontal Lesions

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Khalid S. Al-Fouzan

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available The interrelationship between periodontal and endodontic disease has always aroused confusion, queries, and controversy. Differentiating between a periodontal and an endodontic problem can be difficult. A symptomatic tooth may have pain of periodontal and/or pulpal origin. The nature of that pain is often the first clue in determining the etiology of such a problem. Radiographic and clinical evaluation can help clarify the nature of the problem. In some cases, the influence of pulpal pathology may cause the periodontal involvement and vice versa. The simultaneous existence of pulpal problems and inflammatory periodontal disease can complicate diagnosis and treatment planning. An endo-perio lesion can have a varied pathogenesis which ranges from simple to relatively complex one. The differential diagnosis of endodontic and periodontal diseases can sometimes be difficult, but it is of vital importance to make a correct diagnosis for providing the appropriate treatment. This paper aims to discuss a modified clinical classification to be considered for accurately diagnosing and treating endo-perio lesion.

  8. A new classification of endodontic-periodontal lesions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Al-Fouzan, Khalid S

    2014-01-01

    The interrelationship between periodontal and endodontic disease has always aroused confusion, queries, and controversy. Differentiating between a periodontal and an endodontic problem can be difficult. A symptomatic tooth may have pain of periodontal and/or pulpal origin. The nature of that pain is often the first clue in determining the etiology of such a problem. Radiographic and clinical evaluation can help clarify the nature of the problem. In some cases, the influence of pulpal pathology may cause the periodontal involvement and vice versa. The simultaneous existence of pulpal problems and inflammatory periodontal disease can complicate diagnosis and treatment planning. An endo-perio lesion can have a varied pathogenesis which ranges from simple to relatively complex one. The differential diagnosis of endodontic and periodontal diseases can sometimes be difficult, but it is of vital importance to make a correct diagnosis for providing the appropriate treatment. This paper aims to discuss a modified clinical classification to be considered for accurately diagnosing and treating endo-perio lesion.

  9. Periodontal disease and the special needs patient.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Brown, Louise F; Ford, Pauline J; Symons, Anne L

    2017-06-01

    Individuals with special needs are at more risk of dental disease, including periodontal diseases, and have a greater prevalence and incidence of periodontal diseases than the rest of the population. Genetic or medical conditions, and/or the use of prescription medication or recreational substances, may further increase the risk for susceptibility to periodontal disease. The success of preventing or controlling periodontal diseases amongst this group of patients has not been established. Even those individuals who access regular and comprehensive dental care appear to develop periodontal diseases as they age, and this development occurs at a rate comparable to the natural history of the disease. The reasons behind the lack of success of interventions in reducing the incidence of periodontal diseases are complex and part of the lack of success may relate to the professional challenges in treating individuals with special needs. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  10. Orthodontic treatment simultaneous to or after periodontal cause-related treatment in periodontitis susceptible patients. Part I: Clinical outcome. A randomized clinical trial.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zasčiurinskienė, Eglė; Basevičienė, Nomeda; Lindsten, Rune; Slotte, Christer; Jansson, Henrik; Bjerklin, Krister

    2018-02-01

    To compare two treatment strategies regarding the effect of orthodontic treatment on periodontal status in patients with plaque-induced periodontitis. This was a randomized clinical trial. Fifty periodontal patients were randomly assigned to the test or control groups according to periodontal treatment timing. All patients received supra- and subgingival debridement following baseline examination. Control group patients received cause-related periodontal treatment before the start of orthodontic treatment and which was performed simultaneous to orthodontic treatment for the test group patients. No difference between the test and control groups was found regarding change of clinical attachment level (CAL) after periodontal-orthodontic treatment. Fewer sites with initial pocket depth (PD) of 4-6 mm healed after periodontal-orthodontic treatment in the test group (20.5%, IQR = 11.9%) in comparison with controls (30.4%, IQR = 27.1%) (p = .03). Anterior teeth [OR 2.5] and teeth in male patients [OR 1.6] had a greater chance for PD improvement ≥2 mm. Total periodontal-orthodontic treatment duration was significantly longer for the control group (p Orthodontic treatment, simultaneously to the periodontal treatment, could be used in the routine treatment of patients with plaque-induced periodontitis. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  11. Enfermedad de Hashimoto

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hernando Latorre

    1956-01-01

    Full Text Available Se describe un caso de enfermedad de hashimoto en una enferma de 47 años y se hacen algunos comentarios sobre la interpretación y relaciones de esta entidad con el coto de riedel y el coto linfadenoide. La lesión al examen clínico simuló un tumor maligno de tiroides, diagnóstico con el cual fue remitido el órgano al laboratorio de anatomía patológica.

  12. Enfermedad de Gaucher en Latinoamérica: Un informe del Registro Internacional y del Grupo Latinoamericano para la Enfermedad de Gaucher

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Guillermo Drelichman

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available La enfermedad de Gaucher, por su escasa frecuencia, está incluida dentro de las llamadas enfermedades huérfanas. En 1991 se creó el Registro Internacional de Gaucher y en 1992 se incorporaron los primeros pacientes de Latinoamérica. En el año 2008 se creó el Grupo Latinoamericano para la Enfermedad de Gaucher (GLAEG cuyos principales objetivos son fomentar la realización de consensos regionales, difundir el ingreso de pacientes al registro internacional y aumentar el conocimiento sobre la enfermedad para lograr mejorar la atención y la calidad de vida de los pacientes. Hasta abril del 2010 ingresaron 5828 pacientes de todo el mundo, 911 (15.6% son de Latinoamérica. Este es el primer informe global de la enfermedad en la Región: hay un predominio del sexo femenino, la forma clínica más frecuente es el tipo I (95%; al diagnóstico la mayoría son <20 años (68%. Las manifestaciones clínicas más frecuentes al diagnóstico son esplenomegalia (96% y anemia (49%, el 80% presentó hallazgos radiológicos de compromiso óseo. En nuestra Región, la gran mayoría de los pacientes (89% ha recibido alguna vez terapia de reemplazo enzimática con imiglucerasa logrando, con un seguimiento prolongado (hasta10 años, las metas terapéuticas que muestran la gran eficacia de la terapia. Si bien el porcentaje de pacientes con terapia es alto, las suspensiones de tratamiento son frecuentes. Las principales deficiencias en nuestra Región son: la carencia de evaluaciones viscerales volumétricas, de densitometría y de estudios moleculares en algunos pacientes. El principal problema es el subdiagnóstico.

  13. Eriptosis. Mecanismos involucrados y efecto protector de la eritropoyetina

    OpenAIRE

    Vota, Daiana Marina

    2012-01-01

    Los procesos inflamatorios, frecuentemente asociados a anemia de enfermedades crónicas, podrían cumplir un rol en la inhibición de la eritropoyesis. La existencia de señales intracelulares comunes entre los procesos que regulan la eritropoyesis y la respuesta inflamatoria sugiere que la desregulación de un sistema podría explicar la disminución de la función del otro. Por otro lado, un daño directo sobre los eritrocitos maduros en circulación, causado por factores presentes en dichos procesos...

  14. Estudio del virus JC, agente causal de la leucoencafalopatía multifocal progresiva, en pacientes de esclerosis múltiple recurrente-remitente tratados con Natalizumab

    OpenAIRE

    Domínguez Mozo, María Inmaculada

    2013-01-01

    La esclerosis múltiple (EM) es una enfermedad desmielinizante inflamatoria crónica que afecta al sistema nervioso central (SNC) y cuyo origen es presumiblemente autoinmune, siendo en los países desarrollados la segunda causa de discapacidad entre personas jóvenes después de los accidentes de tráfico. Durante los últimos años se han desarrollado, o actualmente están en ensayo clínico, una gran cantidad de fármacos para tratar esta patología. Entre todos ellos cabe destacar natalizumab, u...

  15. Caracterización fenotípica de células madre mesenquimales humanas de médula ósea y tejido adiposo. Resultados preliminares

    OpenAIRE

    Macías-Abraham, Consuelo; O del Valle-Pérez, Lázaro; Galván Cabrera, José Armando; de la Cuétara Bernal, Karelys; Socarrás Ferrer, Berta B; Hernández Ramírez, Porfirio; Ballester Santovenia, José M

    2014-01-01

    Introducción:las células madre mesenquimales (CMM) poseen características fenotípicas y funcionalesque les confieren un amplio potencial terapéutico por su posible uso en la terapia celular regenerativa, en el rechazo del trasplante alogénico y en enfermedades inflamatorias crónicas. Objetivo: evaluar la expresión de moléculas de membrana que permiten identificar la expresión de patrones moleculares característicos de CMM humanas mantenidas en cultivo. Métodos: se estudió la expresión fenotíp...

  16. Topical corticosteroids or vitamin D analogues for plaque psoriasis?

    OpenAIRE

    Soledad Venegas-Iribarren; Romina Andino

    2017-01-01

    Resumen La psoriasis es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica frecuente, siendo la variante en placa su forma de presentación más común. Si bien aún no existe una cura, se dispone de medicamentos que inducen remisión y disminuyen las lesiones. Las terapias tópicas, en particular los corticoides y los análogos de vitamina D, se consideran efectivos, pero no está claro cuál de ellos constituiría la mejor alternativa. Para responder esta pregunta utilizamos Epistemonikos, la mayor base de datos...

  17. Protocolo de actuación ante la rosácea en la farmacia comunitaria

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Espinosa Suances A

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available La rosácea es una dermatosis facial inflamatoria, recidivante y crónica, que con frecuencia demanda consulta en la farmacia comunitaria. Orientado hacia la práctica clínica del farmacéutico comunitario, este artículo revisa y sintetiza los conceptos clásicos y los avances más recientes en la comprensión y el tratamiento de esta enfermedad cutánea. Finalmente, propone un protocolo para la asistencia de pacientes con rosácea en la farmacia comunitaria.

  18. Some modern aspects of periodontal disease

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bergenholtz, A.; Jorkjend, L.

    1990-01-01

    During the last three to four decades, extensive changes in opinion concerning the etiology, pathogenesis, and treatment of periodontal disease have taken place. During these decades, contributing factors are standardized and controlled trials, as well as epidemiological studies, were performed. Periodontics is no longer an art as it was at the end of the 19th century- it is a science based on research. Pyorrhea alveoiaris or periodontitis has been considered a multifactorial disease with bad prognosis which, together with caries, causes loss of teeth in the population. It was supposed to affect most of the population with age progress, trauma from occlusion, systemic diseases, and bad oral hygiene. The discovery that plaque was the cause of gingivitis, and that the subgingival microflora differed in composition between sites, teeth, and individuals created new suggestions and demands for the treatment of periodontal disease. The aim of this paper is to summarize some modern aspects on periodontal disease. (author)

  19. Oral Mucoadhesive Buccal Film of Ciprofloxacin for Periodontitis ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Keywords: Periodontitis, Ciprofloxacin, Buccal film, Mucoadhesive, Periodontitis, Sodium carboxymethyl ... diseases. Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of the gums that damages the soft ..... in dogs using a silk-wire twisted ligature.

  20. Linkage Between Periodontal Disease and Diabetes Mellitus

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Holmstrup, Palle; Flyvbjerg, Allan

    2016-01-01

    The past decades have significantly widened the perspectives of the chronic oral infectious disease known as periodontitis. The disease is regarded as a bacterial infection resulting in low-grade inflammation of the periodontal tissues, and both the associated release of pro-inflammatory mediators...... and the presence of bacteria in the periodontal pockets, which, as the result of daily procedures, may spread after penetration of the vasculature, are possible mediators of systemic consequences. This chapter deals with the possible association between periodontitis and diabetes mellitus which is believed...

  1. Reporte de familias con neurofibromatosis y otras enfermedades genéticas

    OpenAIRE

    Orraca Castillo, Miladys; Licourt Otero, Deysi; Sánchez Álvarez de La Campa, Ana Isabel

    2011-01-01

    La neurofibromatosis tipo 1, es una enfermedad genética que primariamente afecta el desarrollo y crecimiento celular del sistema nervioso, clínicamente se caracteriza por máculas café con leche, neurofibromas, pecas en regiones no expuestas al sol, nódulos de Lisch, lesiones óseas y glioma óptico. En el presente trabajo se describen dos familias, en las cuales algunos individuos padecen esta enfermedad y otros miembros de la misma familia muestran una diferente enfermedad genética. La coexist...

  2. Association between periodontal disease and overweight and obesity

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Keller, Amelie; Rohde, Jeanett F; Raymond, Kyle

    2015-01-01

    BACKGROUND: Periodontitis and obesity are among the most common chronic disorders affecting the world's populations, and recent reviews suggest a potential link between overweight/obesity and periodontitis. However, because of the scarcity of prospective evidence, previous reviews were primarily...... based on cross-sectional studies, with only a few longitudinal or intervention studies included. This study's objective is to examine the time-dependent association between obesity and periodontitis and how weight changes may affect the development of periodontitis in the general population. Therefore......, longitudinal and experimental studies that assessed the association among overweight, obesity, weight gain, waist circumference, and periodontitis are reviewed. METHODS: Intervention and longitudinal studies with overweight or obesity as exposure and periodontitis as outcome were searched through the platforms...

  3. Obesidad y enfermedad renal: consecuencias ocultas de la epidemia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Csaba P. Kovesdy

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available La obesidad se ha convertido en una epidemia mundial, y se ha proyectado que su prevalencia se incrementrá en un 40% en la próxima década. Esta creciente prevalencia supone implicaciones tanto para el riesgo de desarrollo de diabetes y enfermedades cardiovasculares como para el desarrollo de enfermedad renal crónica. Un elevado índice de masa corporal es uno de los factores de riesgo más importantes para el desarrollo de enfermedad renal crónica. En individuos afectados por la obesidad, tiene lugar una hiperfiltración compensatoria necesaria para alcanzar la alta demanda metabólica secundaria al aumento del peso corporal. El incremeno de la presión intraglomerular puede generar daño renal y elevar el riesgo de desarrollar enfermedad renal crónica a largo plazo. La incidencia de glomerulopatía asociada a obesidad se ha incrementado 10 veces en los últimos años. Así mismo se ha demostrado que la obesidad es un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de nefrolitiasis y un número de neoplasias, incluyendo cáncer renal. Este año, el Día Mundial del Riñón promueve la educación acerca de las consecuencias nocivas de la obesidad y su asociación con la enfermedad renal, abogando por un estilo de vida saludable y la implementación de políticas publicas de salud que promuevan medidas preventivas alcanzables.

  4. The intricate anatomy of the periodontal ligament and its development: Lessons for periodontal regeneration

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    de Jong, T.; Bakker, A. D.; Everts, V.; Smit, T. H.

    2017-01-01

    The periodontal ligament (PDL) connects the tooth root and alveolar bone. It is an aligned fibrous network that is interposed between, and anchored to, both mineralized surfaces. Periodontal disease is common and reduces the ability of the PDL to act as a shock absorber, a barrier for pathogens and

  5. The Relationship Between Fatty Liver Disease and Periodontal Disease

    Science.gov (United States)

    2017-03-22

    Periodontitis is a highly prevalent and destructive chronic disease. Numerous studies support an association between periodontal disease and other...destruction seen in periodontal disease. The association between the two diseases has never been investigated. A reasonable mechanism in which periodontal ...disease may play a role in the destruction seen in NAFLD is the remote site infection of periodontal disease. Chewing and oral hygiene measures lead to

  6. The Relation of Endodontic-Periodontal Lesion and Therapy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Trijani Suwandi

    2013-07-01

    Full Text Available The correlation between endodontic-periodontal lesion has been documented well be researches. Endodontic lesion originates from pulp, while periodontal lesion originates from periodontal tissues. Anatomically they are connected by apical foramen, lateral canal and accessories, as well as dentin tubules. The correlation appeared as the endodontic defect can be from periodontal lesion, or a periodontal defect is from a pulp tissue. Together they can emerge and form a combination lesion. Endodontic infections have been highly correlated with deeper periodontal pockets and furcation involvement in mandibular, the causal relationship between the two pathoses has not yet been established. This consensus supports the influence of degenerated or inflamed pulp that can happen on the periodontium; but not all researchers agree about the effect of periodontal disease on the pulp. Conclusion: The mechanism of endo-perio lesion need to taken care in order to have appropriate diagnostic so that the right therapy would be able to keep the teeth in the oral cavity.

  7. Tooth loss due to periodontal abscess: a retrospective study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    McLeod, D E; Lainson, P A; Spivey, J D

    1997-10-01

    This retrospective study focused on the frequency of tooth loss due to periodontal abscess among 42 patients who were treated by a single clinician over a 5- to 29-year period. A total of 114 patients were selected from the active periodontal recall schedule of a single periodontist at The University of Iowa College of Dentistry. The criteria for inclusion in the study included having a history of moderate to advanced periodontitis, being on 3 to 6 month recall periodontal maintenance care, and completion of active periodontal therapy prior to October 1987. Other parameters evaluated were age; gender; number of teeth present and missing at the initial, reevaluation, and last periodontal recall visit; initial periodontal prognosis; furcation involvement; non-surgical and surgical periodontal therapy; and reasons for tooth loss. Patients were grouped according to the number of teeth lost following active periodontal treatment into well-maintained (0 to 3), downhill (4 to 9), and extreme downhill (10 to 23) groups. Forty-two of the 114 patients were identified as having one or more periodontal abscesses. A total of 109 teeth were affected by periodontal abscess of which 49 (45%) teeth were lost and 60 (55%) were successfully maintained over an average of 12.5 years (5 to 29 years). More furcated teeth were lost than nonfurcated teeth and teeth given a hopeless prognosis were lost more consistently than those given a questionable prognosis in all groups. The frequency of periodontal abscess and tooth loss per patient was greater in the downhill and extreme downhill response groups than the well-maintained group. This suggests that teeth with a history of periodontal abscess can be treated and maintained for several years.

  8. Subgingival microbial profile of obese women with periodontal disease.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Silva-Boghossian, Carina M; Cesário, Paola C; Leão, Anna Thereza T; Colombo, Ana Paula V

    2018-02-01

    This study compared the composition of subgingival microbiota between obese and non-obese women with or without periodontal disease. Full-mouth periodontal clinical assessments were carried out in 76 obese women (17 periodontally healthy and 59 with periodontal disease), and 34 non-obese women (12 periodontally healthy, 22 with periodontal disease). Subgingival biofilm samples were individually obtained from seven sites of each individual, and the prevalence and counts of 40 bacterial taxa were determined by the checkerboard method. The frequency and counts of each species were computed for each individual and across the groups. Differences among and between groups were sought by the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests, respectively. Possible correlations between obesity and clinical and microbiologic parameters were tested with Spearman correlation coefficient. Streptococcus sanguinis, Streptococcus oralis, and Capnocytophaga ochracea were found in significantly higher levels in obese compared with non-obese women (P periodontal health, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Leptotrichia buccalis were detected in higher mean frequency and/or counts in obese women than in non-obese women, whereas in patients with periodontal disease, obese women harbored greater levels of C. ochracea than non-obese women (P periodontal disease presented significantly greater mean counts of P. gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia than non-obese women with periodontal health (P periodontal disease are present at the same time, significant positive correlations were detected with C. ocharcea, P. gingivalis, S. sanguinis, and T. forsythia. Few differences in the composition of the subgingival microbiota of obese and non-obese women with periodontal health or disease were found. However, a high prevalence of P. gingivalis in obese women with periodontal health was observed. © 2018 American Academy of Periodontology.

  9. Osteoporosis and Periodontitis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, Chin-Wei Jeff; McCauley, Laurie K

    2016-12-01

    Osteoporosis and periodontitis are both diseases characterized by bone resorption. Osteoporosis features systemic degenerative bone loss that leads to loss of skeletal cancellous microstructure and subsequent fracture, whereas periodontitis involves local inflammatory bone loss, following an infectious breach of the alveolar cortical bone, and it may result in tooth loss. Most cross-sectional studies have confirmed the association of osteoporosis and periodontitis primarily on radiographic measurements and to a lesser degree on clinical parameters. Multiple shared risk factors include age, genetics, hormonal change, smoking, as well as calcium and vitamin D deficiency. Both diseases could also be risk factors for each other and have a mutual impact that requires concomitant management. Suggested mechanisms underlying the linkage are disruption of the homeostasis concerning bone remodeling, hormonal balance, and inflammation resolution. A mutual interventional approach is emerging with complex treatment interactions. Prevention and management of both diseases require interdisciplinary approaches and warrants future well-controlled longitudinal and interventional studies for evidence-based clinical guidelines.

  10. Transplantation of periodontal ligament cell sheets expressing human β-defensin-3 promotes anti-inflammation in a canine model of periodontitis

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhu, Minwen; Miao, Bo; Zhu, Jianhua; Wang, Haiyan; Zhou, Zengtong

    2017-01-01

    Periodontitis is a chronic oral inflammatory disease caused by microorganisms. Human β-defensin-3 (HBD-3) is an endogenous antimicrobial peptide that inhibits a broad spectrum of microorganisms. Cell sheet technology has been widely applied in tissue and organ reconstructions. In the current study, it was aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of periodontal tissue engineered by HBD-3 gene-modified periodontal ligament cell (PDLC) sheets, and to identify a suitable method of promoting the regeneration of periodontal tissues. Western blot analysis and antimicrobial tests were used to confirm the expression of HBD-3. The effect of the cell sheets on anti-inflammatory activity and bone remodeling in a dog model of periodontitis was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry. The results demonstrated that the transfected PDLCs stably expressed HBD-3. Periodontal pathogens were susceptible to the antimicrobial activity of the cell sheets. In addition, the cell sheets relieved the bone resorption caused by inflammation in the in vivo model. HBD-3 may potentially be applied in the treatment of periodontitis and may function as osteogenic promoter via its anti-inflammatory effect. PMID:28944821

  11. Estimation of salivary neopterin in chronic periodontitis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mahendra, Little; Mahendra, Jaideep; Borra, Sai Krishna; Nagarajan, Aishwarya

    2014-01-01

    Periodontal diseases are the most common bacterial infection predominantly associated with Gram-negative microorganisms that exist in the subgingival biofilm. Analysis of saliva provides a noninvasive means of evaluating the role of the host response in periodontal disease. Though salivary enzymes can be used as the biomarkers, neopterin has been recently used as one of the important diagnostic tools in the field of periodontics. Hence, we aimed to identify the neopterin levels in unsimulated saliva from the chronic periodontitis patients and compare them with the periodontally healthy subjects. Twenty subjects participated in the study and were categorized as the experimental group (chronic periodontitis patients) and control groups (healthy subjects). Unstimulated saliva samples were collected from both the groups for neopterin estimation. Neopterin in saliva was estimated using Shimadzu High Performance Liquid Chromatography with LC-20AD pump system, equipped with RF-10 AXL fluorescence detector. Data were expressed as mean±SD and analyzed using GraphPad Prism version 6.0 (California, USA). Statistical analysis was done by Student's t-test. The neopterin level in unstimulated saliva was found to be higher in the experimental group than the control group with P≤0.05. The chronic periodontitis patients showed higher neopterin level in unstimulated saliva as compared to control. Hence, neopterin can be used as a potential biomarker for identification of the periodontal disease in its initial stage can help in preventing the disease progression.

  12. Periodontitis and Insulin Resistance: Casual or Causal Relationship?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Abhijit N. Gurav

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available Insulin resistance (IR is now considered as a chronic and low level inflammatory condition. It is closely related to altered glucose tolerance, hypertriglyceridemia, abdominal obesity, and coronary heart disease. IR is accompanied by the increase in the levels of inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-1 and 6, tumor necrosis factor-α. These inflammatory cytokines also play a crucial part in pathogenesis and progression of insulin resistance. Periodontitis is the commonest of oral diseases, affecting tooth investing tissues. Pro-inflammatory cytokines are released in the disease process of periodontitis. Periodontitis can be attributed with exacerbation of IR. Data in the literature supports a "two way relationship" between diabetes and periodontitis. Periodontitis is asymptomatic in the initial stages of disease process and it often escapes diagnosis. This review presents the blurred nexus between periodontitis and IR, underlining the pathophysiology of the insidious link. The knowledge of the association between periodontitis and IR can be valuable in planning effectual treatment modalities for subjects with altered glucose homeostasis and diabetics. Presently, the studies supporting this association are miniscule. Further studies are mandatory to substantiate the role of periodontitis in the deterioration of IR.

  13. Uso de derivados de quinazollnas y sus composiciones farmacéuticas en enfermedades neurodegenerativas

    OpenAIRE

    Martínez, Ana; Redondo, Miriam; Sanz-SanCristóbal, Marina; Gil, Carmen; Morales-García, José A.; Pérez Castillo, Ana; Pérez Martín, María Concepción

    2009-01-01

    Uso de derivados de quinazolinas y sus composiciones farmacéuticas en enfermedades neurodegenerativas. La invención se refiere a derivados heterocíclicos de quinazolinas y a su potencial para el tratamiento de enfermedades neurodegenerativas y/o neurológicas, entre otras la enfermedad de Parkinson, enfermedad de Alzheimer o esclerosis. Además, la invención se refiere a composiciones farmacéuticas que comprenden dichos compuestos derivados de quinazolinas.

  14. Aggressive and acute periodontal diseases.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Albandar, Jasim M

    2014-06-01

    Inflammatory periodontal diseases are highly prevalent, although most of these diseases develop and progress slowly, often unnoticed by the affected individual. However, a subgroup of these diseases include aggressive and acute forms that have a relatively low prevalence but show a rapid-course, high rate of progression leading to severe destruction of the periodontal tissues, or cause systemic symptoms that often require urgent attention from healthcare providers. Aggressive periodontitis is an early-onset, destructive disease that shows a high rate of periodontal progression and distinctive clinical features. A contemporary case definition of this disease is presented. Population studies show that the disease is more prevalent in certain geographic regions and ethnic groups. Aggressive periodontitis is an infectious disease, and recent data show that in affected subjects the subgingival microbiota is composed of a mixed microbial infection, with a wide heterogeneity in the types and proportions of microorganisms recovered. Furthermore, there are significant differences in the microbiota of the disease among different geographic regions and ethnicities. There is also evidence that the Aggregatibacter actinomycetemycomitans-JP2 clone may play an important role in the development of the disease in certain populations. The host response plays an important role in the susceptibility to aggressive periodontitis, where the immune response may be complex and involve multiple mechanisms. Also, genetic factors seem to play an important role in the pathogenesis of this disease, but the mechanisms of increased susceptibility are complex and not yet fully understood. The available data suggest that aggressive periodontitis is caused by mutations either in a few major genes or in multiple small-effect genes, and there is also evidence of gene-gene and gene-environment interaction effects. Diagnostic methods for this disease, based on a specific microbiologic, immunologic or

  15. Manifestaciones neuroftalmológicas en la enfermedad de Parkinson

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yoel Nicomedes Rodríguez Martín

    Full Text Available La enfermedad de Parkinson es un desorden neurodegenerativo progresivo provocado por un déficit de dopamina que desencadena importantes alteraciones motoras y no motoras. Dentro de estas, un considerable grupo constituye motivo de interés para el neuroftalmólogo. La enfermedad ha sido siempre más reconocida por sus alteraciones motoras. El objetivo fundamental de esta revisión es hacer énfasis en el diagnóstico de las afectaciones visuales en la enfermedad de Parkinson y de esta forma mejorar en lo posible la calidad de vida de los pacientes. Se realizó una amplia búsqueda en PUBMED y se revisaron 60 artículos relacionados con el tema, publicados entre los años 1984 y 2012.

  16. Oxidative Stress and Periodontal Disease in Obesity.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dursun, Erhan; Akalin, Ferda Alev; Genc, Tolga; Cinar, Nese; Erel, Ozcan; Yildiz, Bulent Okan

    2016-03-01

    Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease of the jaws and is more prevalent in obesity. Local and systemic oxidative stress may be an early link between periodontal disease and obesity. The primary aim of this study was to detect whether increased periodontal disease susceptibility in obese individuals is associated with local and systemic oxidative stress. Accordingly; we analyzed periodontal status and systemic (serum) and local (gingival crevicular fluid [GCF]) oxidative status markers in young obese women in comparison with age-matched lean women.Twenty obese and 20 lean women participated. Periodontal condition was determined by clinical periodontal indices including probing depth, clinical attachment level, gingival index, gingival bleeding index, and plaque index. Anthropometric, hormonal, and metabolic measurements were also performed. Blood and GCF sampling was performed at the same time after an overnight fasting. Serum and GCF total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), and total oxidant status (TOS) levels were determined, and oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated.Clinical periodontal analyses showed higher gingival index and gingival bleeding index in the obese group (P = 0.001 for both) with no significant difference in probing depth, clinical attachment level, and plaque index between the obese and the lean women. Oxidant status analyses revealed lower GCF and serum TAOC, and higher GCF and serum OSI values in the obese women (P < 0.05 for all). GCF TOS was higher in the obese women (P < 0.05), whereas there was a nonsignificant trend for higher serum TOS in obese women (P = 0.074). GCF TAOC values showed a negative correlation with body mass index, whereas GCF OSI was positively correlated with fasting insulin and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels (P < 0.05 for all). Clinical periodontal indices showed significant correlations with body mass index, insulin, and lipid levels, and also oxidant status markers

  17. Linkage Between Periodontal Disease and Rheumatoid Arthritis

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Holmstrup, Palle; Nielsen, Claus Henrik

    2016-01-01

    The past decades have significantly widened the perspectives of the chronic oral infectious disease known as periodontitis. The disease is regarded as a bacterial infection resulting in low-grade inflammation of the periodontal tissues, and both the associated release of pro-inflammatory mediators...... and the presence of bacteria in the periodontal pockets, which, as the result of daily procedures, may spread after penetration of the vasculature, are possible mediators of systemic consequences. The present chapter deals with the possible association of periodontitis with rheumatoid arthritis, which may possess...

  18. Periodontal Disease-Induced Atherosclerosis and Oxidative Stress

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tomoko Kurita-Ochiai

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available Periodontal disease is a highly prevalent disorder affecting up to 80% of the global population. Recent epidemiological studies have shown an association between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease, as oxidative stress plays an important role in chronic inflammatory diseases such as periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms by which periodontopathic bacteria cause chronic inflammation through the enhancement of oxidative stress and accelerate cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, we comment on the antioxidative activity of catechin in atherosclerosis accelerated by periodontitis.

  19. Periodontitis, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease: A Bermuda Triangle

    OpenAIRE

    Teeuw, W.J.

    2017-01-01

    The research presented in this thesis contributes to the understanding of the complex relationship between periodontitis and diabetes mellitus (DM), and periodontitis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD). It was observed that a substantial number of suspected new DM patients could be found in patients with periodontitis. Furthermore, periodontitis patients showed increased C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and more arterial stiffness compared to controls, reflecting an increased at...

  20. [Control of generalized chronic periodontitis combined with calcium-antagonist-related gingival overgrowth by a complex periodontal-endodontic-prosthodontic treatment. Case report].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Szánto, Erika; Gera, István

    2011-12-01

    To day a relatively high percentage of elderly population of the industrialized world suffers with different cardiovascular diseases and are on permanent antihypertensive therapy. One of the most frequently used drugs is the calcium channel blockers prescribed against high blood pressure. The most common oral side effect of these drugs is the gingival enlargement that might develop even on otherwise healthy gingiva. The incidence of chronic periodontitis in this age group is also high and the Ca antagonist medication in those individuals might substantially modify the clinical course of periodontal inflammation leading to gingival enlargement and hypertrophic pocket wall. The case presented here is a 52 years old hypertonic woman with a long history of Ca-antagonist therapy and generalized chronic periodontitis combined with gingival hyperplasia. After the change of medication the 1,5 years comprehensive periodontal endodontic and prosthodontic therapy restored patient's periodontal health and provided complex dental rehabilitation. Nevertheless, only regular periodontal supportive therapy could ensure predictable outcome and guarantee long lasting periodontal health.

  1. The Trimeric Model: A New Model of Periodontal Treatment Planning

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tarakji, Bassel

    2014-01-01

    Treatment of periodontal disease is a complex and multidisciplinary procedure, requiring periodontal, surgical, restorative, and orthodontic treatment modalities. Several authors attempted to formulate models for periodontal treatment that orders the treatment steps in a logical and easy to remember manner. In this article, we discuss two models of periodontal treatment planning from two of the most well-known textbook in the specialty of periodontics internationally. Then modify them to arrive at a new model of periodontal treatment planning, The Trimeric Model. Adding restorative and orthodontic interrelationships with periodontal treatment allows us to expand this model into the Extended Trimeric Model of periodontal treatment planning. These models will provide a logical framework and a clear order of the treatment of periodontal disease for general practitioners and periodontists alike. PMID:25177662

  2. PENYAKIT PERIODONTAL DAN BAYI PREMATUR BERBERAT BADAN LAHIR RENDAH

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Saidina Hamzah Daliemunthe

    2015-08-01

    Full Text Available Periodontal disease is one of the risk factors for certain systemic conditions. Retrospective and prospective studies showed that pregnant women with periodontitis have significantly higher risk to deliver preterm low birth weight infants (gestation period < 37 weeks and birth weight < 2500 grams, and the risk increase as the periodontitis progressed during pregnancy. Periodontal disease could mediate this systemic effect through the action of periodontal pathogens and lipopolysaccharide increasing the production of prostaglandin and cytokine (physiologic mediators in parturition which will trigger the delivery of preterm low birth weight among women with periodontitis. It is concluded that periodontal disease is an independent risk factor for preterm low birth weight, and inclusion of oral prophylaxis procedure during pregnancy should be considered.

  3. Impact of Cranberry Juice Enriched with Omega-3 Fatty Acids Adjunct with Nonsurgical Periodontal Treatment on Metabolic Control and Periodontal Status in Type 2 Patients with Diabetes with Periodontal Disease.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zare Javid, Ahmad; Maghsoumi-Norouzabad, Leila; Ashrafzadeh, Elnaz; Yousefimanesh, Hojat Allah; Zakerkish, Mehrnoosh; Ahmadi Angali, Kambiz; Ravanbakhsh, Maryam; Babaei, Hosein

    2018-01-01

    Cranberries, high in polyphenols, have been associated with a favorable glycemic response in patients with type 2 diabetes and also are beneficial for oral health. Because type 2 diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease have a physiological relationship, this study aimed to evaluate the hypothesis that cranberry juice enriched with omega-3 will improve glycemic and lipid profiles and periodontal status in patients with diabetes with periodontal disease. In this randomized clinical trial, 41 patients with diabetes (age 35-67 years) with periodontal disease were recruited and randomly assigned to 4 groups: control (C; n = 12), receiving omega-3 (I1; n = 10, 1 g/ twice daily), cranberry juice (I2; n = 9, 200 ml, twice daily), and cranberry juice enriched with omega-3 (I3; n = 10, 200 ml, containing 1 g omega-3) twice daily for 8 weeks. Nonsurgical periodontal therapy was provided for all patients during the study. Fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin, lipid profile, probing depth, anthropometric indices, and 3-day 24-hour dietary recalls were measured pre- and postintervention. Glycated hemoglobin was decreased significantly in I1 and I3 groups. Serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels increased significantly in the I3 group compared to baseline and compared to I1 and I2 groups. Probing depth was significantly reduced in all groups postintervention. Consumption of cranberry juice enriched with omega-3 can be beneficial as adjuvant therapy with nonsurgical periodontal therapy in decreasing glycated hemoglobin, increasing HDL-C, and improving periodontal status in patients with diabetes with periodontal disease.

  4. Does diabetes increase the risk of periodontitis?

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Nascimento, Gustavo G; Leite, Fábio R M; Vestergaard, Peter

    2018-01-01

    AIM: Even though the association between diabetes and periodontitis is taken for granted, results on this association are conflicting within the literature. This systematic review assessed whether poorly controlled diabetes was associated with periodontitis onset or progression. METHODS: Electronic...... searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus and Embase databases. Hand search was carried out in the reference list of all articles included. Gray literature was investigated with a Google Scholar search. Prospective longitudinal studies on the association between diabetes and periodontitis were considered...... for this review. Studies should have presented at least two measurements of periodontal conditions over time. Data on study design, crude and adjusted estimates were collected. We used meta-analysis to estimate the pooled effect of hyperglycemia in people with diabetes on periodontitis onset or progression. Meta...

  5. Gingival Crevicular Fluid and Salivary Periostin Levels in Non-Smoker Subjects With Chronic and Aggressive Periodontitis : Periostin Levels in Chronic and Aggressive Periodontitis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Aral, Cüneyt A; Köseoğlu, Serhat; Sağlam, Mehmet; Pekbağrıyanık, Tuğba; Savran, Levent

    2016-06-01

    Periostin, an extracellular matrix protein functioning as an important structural mediator and adhesion molecule, has been shown to be an important regulator of connective tissue integrity. This study aimed to evaluate the levels of periostin in chronic periodontitis (CP) and aggressive periodontitis (AgP) compared to non-periodontitis (NP). Individuals were submitted to gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and saliva sampling. Periodontal examination consisted of plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), and clinical attachment level (CAL) measurements. Assays for periostin were performed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Periodontitis patients presented more severe clinical indices compared to the NP group (p periodontitis. The results suggest that subjects with CP and AgP exhibit a different periostin profile. Periostin in GCF may have a protective role against periodontal disease. Furthermore, salivary periostin concentrations may have a promising diagnostic potential for the aggressive forms of periodontal disease.

  6. The effect of a periodontal intervention on cardiovascular risk markers in Indigenous Australians with periodontal disease: the PerioCardio study

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Brown Alex

    2011-09-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Indigenous Australians experience an overwhelming burden of chronic disease, including cardiovascular diseases. Periodontal disease (inflammation of the tissues surrounding teeth is also widespread, and may contribute to the risk of cardiovascular diseases via pathogenic inflammatory pathways. This study will assess measures of vascular health and inflammation in Indigenous Australian adults with periodontal disease, and determine if intensive periodontal therapy improves these measures over a 12 month follow-up. The aims of the study are: (i to determine whether there is a dose response relationship between extent and severity of periodontal disease and measures of vascular health and inflammation among Indigenous Australian adults with moderate to severe periodontal disease; and (ii to determine the effects of periodontal treatment on changes in measures of vascular health and inflammation in a cohort of Indigenous Australians. Methods/Design This study will be a randomised, controlled trial, with predominantly blinded assessment of outcome measures and blinded statistical analysis. All participants will receive the periodontal intervention benefits (with the intervention delayed 12 months in participants who are randomised to the control arm. Participants will be Indigenous adults aged ≥25 years from urban centres within the Top End of the Northern Territory, Australia. Participants assessed to have moderate or severe periodontal disease will be randomised to the study's intervention or control arm. The intervention involves intensive removal of subgingival and supragingival calculus and plaque biofilm by scaling and root-planing. Study visits at baseline, 3 and 12 months, will incorporate questionnaires, non-fasting blood and urine samples, body measurements, blood pressure, periodontal assessment and non-invasive measures of vascular health (pulse wave velocity and carotid intima-media thickness. Primary outcome

  7. La enfermedad de manos, pies y boca (Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease)

    Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

    La enfermedad de manos, pies y boca es una enfermedad contagiosa que afecta principalmente a niños menores de cinco años. En este podcast, la doctora Eileen Schneider habla de los síntomas de la enfermedad de manos, pies y boca, cómo se propaga y cómo protegerse y proteger a sus hijos para que no se infecten con el virus.

  8. Gene expression in periodontal tissues following treatment

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eisenacher Martin

    2008-07-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background In periodontitis, treatment aimed at controlling the periodontal biofilm infection results in a resolution of the clinical and histological signs of inflammation. Although the cell types found in periodontal tissues following treatment have been well described, information on gene expression is limited to few candidate genes. Therefore, the aim of the study was to determine the expression profiles of immune and inflammatory genes in periodontal tissues from sites with severe chronic periodontitis following periodontal therapy in order to identify genes involved in tissue homeostasis. Gingival biopsies from 12 patients with severe chronic periodontitis were taken six to eight weeks following non-surgical periodontal therapy, and from 11 healthy controls. As internal standard, RNA of an immortalized human keratinocyte line (HaCaT was used. Total RNA was subjected to gene expression profiling using a commercially available microarray system focusing on inflammation-related genes. Post-hoc confirmation of selected genes was done by Realtime-PCR. Results Out of the 136 genes analyzed, the 5% most strongly expressed genes compared to healthy controls were Interleukin-12A (IL-12A, Versican (CSPG-2, Matrixmetalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1, Down syndrome critical region protein-1 (DSCR-1, Macrophage inflammatory protein-2β (Cxcl-3, Inhibitor of apoptosis protein-1 (BIRC-1, Cluster of differentiation antigen 38 (CD38, Regulator of G-protein signalling-1 (RGS-1, and Finkel-Biskis-Jinkins murine osteosarcoma virus oncogene (C-FOS; the 5% least strongly expressed genes were Receptor-interacting Serine/Threonine Kinase-2 (RIP-2, Complement component 3 (C3, Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase-2 (COX-2, Interleukin-8 (IL-8, Endothelin-1 (EDN-1, Plasminogen activator inhibitor type-2 (PAI-2, Matrix-metalloproteinase-14 (MMP-14, and Interferon regulating factor-7 (IRF-7. Conclusion Gene expression profiles found in periodontal tissues following

  9. Periodontal Disease, Tooth Loss, and Cancer Risk.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Michaud, Dominique S; Fu, Zhuxuan; Shi, Jian; Chung, Mei

    2017-01-01

    Periodontal disease, which includes gingivitis and periodontitis, is highly prevalent in adults and disease severity increases with age. The relationship between periodontal disease and oral cancer has been examined for several decades, but there is increasing interest in the link between periodontal disease and overall cancer risk, with systemic inflammation serving as the main focus for biological plausibility. Numerous case-control studies have addressed the role of oral health in head and neck cancer, and several cohort studies have examined associations with other types of cancers over the past decade. For this review, we included studies that were identified from either 11 published reviews on this topic or an updated literature search on PubMed (between 2011 and July 2016). A total of 50 studies from 46 publications were included in this review. Meta-analyses were conducted on cohort and case-control studies separately when at least 4 studies could be included to determine summary estimates of the risk of cancer in relation to 1) periodontal disease or 2) tooth number (a surrogate marker of periodontal disease) with adjustment for smoking. Existing data provide support for a positive association between periodontal disease and risk of oral, lung, and pancreatic cancers; however, additional prospective studies are needed to better inform on the strength of these associations and to determine whether other cancers are associated with periodontal disease. Future studies should include sufficiently large sample sizes, improved measurements for periodontal disease, and thorough adjustment for smoking and other risk factors. © The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

  10. EFFECTIVNESS OF TARGET ANTIMICROBIAL THERAPY OF SEVERE CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS PART I: REDUCTION OF GINGIVAL INFLAMATION AND ACTIVE PERIODONTAL DISEASE SITES

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kamen Kotsilkov

    2010-10-01

    Full Text Available The correlation between recurrent bleeding on probing and the progression of periodontal destruction is suggested in many studies. One of the main goals of the periodontal treatment is the achievement of good control of the gingival inflammation and the reduction of the active periodontal sites.Aim: Evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment of severe chronic periodontitis with additional target antibiotic administration in comparison with the therapy with adjunctive antimicrobial combination amoxicillin + metronidazole and conventional mechanical periodontal treatment regarding the achieved control of the gingival inflammation and BoP.Results: Significant reduction of the gingival bleeding and the BoP is achieved in all groups. In the group with target antibiotic administration the final mean values of the GB (gingival bleeding and BoP (bleeding on probing are the lowest and could suggest a low risk for progression of the periodontal disease.

  11. Periodontal aspects of patients subjected to the radiotherapy in region of head and neck; Aspectos periodontales de pacientes sometidos a la radioterapia en region de cabeza y cuello

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Nogueira Moreira, Allyson; Bueno, Audrey C [Buenos Aires Univ. (Argentina). Facultad de Odontologia; Silami de Magalhaes, Claudia; Silva Freire, Addah R. da [Universidade Estadual de Campinas, SP (Brazil)

    2007-03-15

    Mouth cancer is the sixth most frequent type in the world's population, affecting mostly developing countries. The treatment of choice for this neoplasm is the surgery associated with radiotherapy and / or chemotherapy, which often cause mouth adverse effects. The periodontal reaction to the suffering irradiation morphological and histological alterations decreased the ability of repairing and increased vulnerability to infections. The mouth conditions of the patients who will undergo cancer therapy should be assessed prior to initiation of treatment, mainly to prevent complications. This study aimed to do a literature review on the development of periodontal disease in patients undergoing radiotherapy in head and neck region. [Spanish] El cancer de boca es el sexto tipo mas frecuente en la poblacion mundial, afectando principalmente paises en desarrollo. El tratamiento de eleccion para esta neoplasia es la cirugia asociada a la radioterapia, y/o quimioterapia que muchas veces causan efectos bucales adversos. El periodoncio reacciona a la irradiacion sufriendo alteraciones morfologicas e histologicas, disminucion de la capacidad de reparo y mayor vulnerabilidad a infecciones. Las condiciones bucales de los pacientes que seran sometidas a la terapia oncologica deben ser evaluadas antes del inicio del tratamiento, principalmente para prevenir las complicaciones del mismo. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo hacer una revision de literatura sobre el desarrollo de la enfermedad periodontal en individuos sometidos a la radioterapia en region de cabeza y cuello. (autor)

  12. Allogeneic Transplantation of Periodontal Ligament-Derived Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Sheets in Canine Critical-Size Supra-Alveolar Periodontal Defect Model.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tsumanuma, Yuka; Iwata, Takanori; Kinoshita, Atsuhiro; Washio, Kaoru; Yoshida, Toshiyuki; Yamada, Azusa; Takagi, Ryo; Yamato, Masayuki; Okano, Teruo; Izumi, Yuichi

    2016-01-01

    Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that induces the destruction of tooth-supporting tissues, followed by tooth loss. Although several approaches have been applied to periodontal regeneration, complete periodontal regeneration has not been accomplished. Tissue engineering using a combination of cells and scaffolds is considered to be a viable alternative strategy. We have shown that autologous transplantation of periodontal ligament-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cell (PDL-MSC) sheets regenerates periodontal tissue in canine models. However, the indications for autologous cell transplantation in clinical situations are limited. Therefore, this study evaluated the safety and efficacy of allogeneic transplantation of PDL-MSC sheets using a canine horizontal periodontal defect model. Canine PDL-MSCs were labeled with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) and were cultured on temperature-responsive dishes. Three-layered cell sheets were transplanted around denuded root surfaces either autologously or allogeneically. A mixture of β-tricalcium phosphate and collagen gel was placed on the bone defects. Eight weeks after transplantation, dogs were euthanized and subjected to microcomputed tomography and histological analyses. RNA and DNA were extracted from the paraffin sections to verify the presence of EGFP at the transplantation site. Inflammatory markers from peripheral blood sera were quantified using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Periodontal regeneration was observed in both the autologous and the allogeneic transplantation groups. The allogeneic transplantation group showed particularly significant regeneration of newly formed cementum, which is critical for the periodontal regeneration. Serum levels of inflammatory markers from peripheral blood sera showed little difference between the autologous and allogeneic groups. EGFP amplicons were detectable in the paraffin sections of the allogeneic group. These results suggest that

  13. Association of Lifestyle-Related Comorbidities With Periodontitis

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lee, Jae-Hong; Lee, Jung-Seok; Park, Jin-Young; Choi, Jung-Kyu; Kim, Dong-Wook; Kim, Young-Taek; Choi, Seong-Ho

    2015-01-01

    Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the association of periodontitis with lifestyle-related comorbidities (LCs) using data in the Korean National Health Insurance Cohort Database from 2002 to 2013. This was a retrospective study involving a large national cohort with patient samples (representing 2% of the total Korean population) stratified on the basis of sociodemographic information. Using this precisely extracted database, the correlations between LCs (cerebral infarction, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, erectile dysfunction, osteoporosis, and obesity) and periodontitis were investigated while adjusting for confounding bias. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate differences in variable factors. Among a total of 1,025,340 samples, 321,103 (31.3%) cases were diagnosed with periodontitis. Statistically significant associations were found between all LCs except myocardial infarction and periodontitis (P Periodontitis is significantly and positively correlated with LCs (except for myocardial infarction) after adjusting for confounding bias. In particular, lifestyle-related diseases, erectile dysfunction, and osteoporosis seem to be intimately related to periodontitis. PMID:26376407

  14. Hamilelik ve periodontal hastalık

    OpenAIRE

    Sağlam, Ebru; Saruhan, Nesrin; Çanakçı, Cenk Fatih

    2015-01-01

    Hamileliğe bağlı olarak annede görülen bazı immünolojik değişiklikler enfeksiyonlara yatkınlığı artırmaktadır. Periodontal hastalık, başlıca sebebi mikrobiyal dental plak olan, multifaktöriyel ve çeşitli şiddetlerde görülen yaygın bir hastalıktır. Periodontal hastalığın klinik olarak birçok tanı kriteri bulunmaktadır. Hamilelik ve periodontal enflamasyon arasındaki ilişki uzun yıllardır bilinmektedir. Periodontal hastalık, hamilelerde sistemik durumu etkilemektedir ve fetusa da olumsuz etkile...

  15. Periodontal bacteria DNA findings in human cardiac tissue - Is there a link of periodontitis to heart valve disease?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ziebolz, D; Jahn, C; Pegel, J; Semper-Pinnecke, E; Mausberg, R F; Waldmann-Beushausen, R; Schöndube, F A; Danner, B C

    2018-01-15

    The aim of the study was to detect periodontal pathogens DNA in atrial and myocardial tissue, and to investigate periodontal status and their connection to cardiac tissue inflammation. In 30 patients, biopsy samples were taken from the atrium (A) and the ventricle myocardium (M) during aortic valve surgery. The dental examination included the dental and periodontal status (PS) and a collection of a microbiological sample. The detection of 11 periodontal pathogens DNA in oral and heart samples was carried out using PCR. The heart samples were prepared for detecting the LPS-binding protein (LBP), and for inflammation scoring on immunohistochemistry (IHC), comprising macrophages (CD68), LPS-binding protein receptor (CD14), and LBP (big42). 28 (93%) patients showed moderate to severe periodontitis. The periodontal pathogens in the oral samples of all patients revealed a similar distribution (3-93%). To a lesser extent and with a different distribution, these bacteria DNA were also detected in atrium and myocardium (3-27%). The LBP was detected in higher amount in atrium (0.22±0.16) versus myocardium (0.13±0.13, p=0.001). IHC showed a higher inflammation score in atrial than myocardial tissue as well as for CD14, CD68 and for LBP. Additional, periodontal findings showed a significant correlation to CD14 and CD68. The results provide evidence of the occurrence of oral bacteria DNA at the cardiac tissue, with a different impact on atrial and myocardial tissue inflammation. Influence of periodontal findings was identified, but their relevance is not yet distinct. Therefore further clinical investigations with long term implication are warranted. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  16. Using risk assessment in periodontics.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Woodman, Alan J

    2014-08-01

    Risk assessment has become a regular feature in both dental practice and society as a whole, and principles used to assess risk in society are similar to those used in a clinical setting. Although the concept of risk assessment as a prognostic indicator for periodontal disease incidence and activity is well established in the management of periodontitis, the use of risk assessment to manage the practical treatment of periodontitis and its sequelae appears to have less foundation. A simple system of initial risk assessment - building on the use of the Basic Periodontal Examination (BPE), clinical, medical and social factors - is described, linked to protocols for delivering care suited to general dental practice and stressing the role of long-term supportive care. The risks of not treating the patient are considered, together with the possible causes of failure, and the problems of successful treatment are illustrated by the practical management of post-treatment recession.

  17. Glycohemoglobin levels with severity of periodontitis in non-diabetic population.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ghalaut, Pankaj; Sharma, Tarun Kumar; Ghalaut, Veena Singh; Singh, Ragini; Ghalaut, P S

    2013-01-01

    Periodontal disease is closely related to type 2 diabetes and is an important complication of diabetes. There are few studies about the relationship the glycohemoglobin levels with severity of periodontitis in non-diabetic population. We therefore planned this study to evaluate the glycohemoglobin levels with severity of periodontitis in non-diabetic population. This study was conducted on 50 age and gender matched subjects in each of the three groups (according to the grades of mobility in periodontitis), a total of 150 non-diabetic periodontitis patients (Grade 1, Grade 2, and Grade 3 mobility) and 50 non-diabetic periodontitis patients with Grade 0 mobility (controls), in collaboration with the Department of Periodontics of Dental College and Department of Biochemistry, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana. After obtaining informed consent, fasting venous blood samples of all the non-diabetic periodontitis patients of all grades were collected aseptically for HbA1c, plasma glucose, and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) estimation. A total of 150 non-diabetic periodontitis patients (Grade 1, Grade 2, and Grade 3 mobility) and 50 age and gender matched controls participated in the study. There was no significant difference in fasting plasma glucose and postprandial plasma glucose in non-diabetic periodontitis patients with Grade 1, Grade 2, and Grade 3 mobility as compared to controls, non-diabetic periodontitis patients with Grade 1 mobility as compared to Grade 2, non-diabetic periodontitis patients with Grade 1 mobility as compared to Grade 3 and non-diabetic periodontitis patients with Grade 2 mobility as compared to Grade 3. Glycohemoglobin and serum C-reactive protein levels were significantly increased in non-diabetic periodontitis patients with Grade 1, Grade 2, and Grade 3 mobility as compared to controls, non-diabetic periodontitis patients with Grade 1 mobility as compared to Grade 3 and non-diabetic periodontitis patients with Grade 2 mobility as compared to Grade 3

  18. Protein Biomarkers of Periodontitis in Saliva

    OpenAIRE

    Taylor, John J.

    2014-01-01

    Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition of the tissues that surround and support the teeth and is initiated by inappropriate and excessive immune responses to bacteria in subgingival dental plaque leading to loss of the integrity of the periodontium, compromised tooth function, and eventually tooth loss. Periodontitis is an economically important disease as it is time-consuming and expensive to treat. Periodontitis has a worldwide prevalence of 5–15% and the prevalence of severe dis...

  19. Emdogain--periodontal regeneration based on biomimicry.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gestrelius, S; Lyngstadaas, S P; Hammarström, L

    2000-06-01

    Biomimicry has been introduced as a term for innovations inspired by nature [1]. Such innovations may appear in almost every part of modern society. This review on the effects of enamel matrix proteins on the formation of cementum and the development of emdogain for regeneration of periodontal tissues lost due to periodontitis shows an example of biomimicry in dentistry. Findings from clinical and laboratory investigations are summarized and the biological basis for enamel matrix-induced periodontal regeneration is discussed.

  20. Increased physical activity decreases periodontitis risk in men

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Merchant, Anwar T.; Pitiphat, Waranuch; Rimm, Eric B.; Joshipura, Kaumudi

    2003-01-01

    Background: Increased physical activity improves insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism, and may therefore affect incidence of periodontitis. Methods: We studied the association of physical activity, walking and periodontitis in 39,461 male, US based, health professionals, 40-75 years old at baseline, more than half of whom were dentists, being followed up continuously since 1986. Participants were free of periodontitis, coronary heart disease and stroke at the start of follow-up. Physical activity and periodontitis were measured by validated questionnaires (expressed in metabolic equivalents - METs); the first report of professionally diagnosed periodontitis was considered a case. Results: Periodontitis risk decreased by 3% for every 10-MET increase in average physical activity after adjustment for age, smoking, diabetes, BMI, alcohol consumption and total calories (RR = 0.97; 95% CI: 0.95-0.99). The inverse trend remained significant in the categorical analysis. Compared to men in the lowest quintile of physical activity, those in the highest quintile had a 13% lower risk of periodontitis (RR = 0.87; 95% CI: 0.76-1.01, p-value, test for trend = 0.02). In a sub-sample of men with radiographs (n = 137) the physically active had less average bone loss (β = -0.29, p-value = 0.03) after multivariate adjustment compared to those inactive. Conclusions: In this large-scale prospective study, we found an inverse, linear association between sustained physical activity and periodontitis independent of known risk factors. The benefits of a physically active lifestyle may extend to periodontal health

  1. Periodontal disease and pre-eclampsia: a systematic review.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kunnen, Alina; van Doormaal, Jasper J; Abbas, Frank; Aarnoudse, Jan G; van Pampus, Maria G; Faas, Marijke M

    2010-12-01

    This review evaluates the possible relationship between periodontal disease and pre-eclampsia, a major pregnancy complication. A generalized inflammatory response plays an important role in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia. Because periodontal disease is a low-grade inflammatory state, periodontal disease might contribute to the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia. A literature search of PubMed, EMBASE and CINAHL until August 2010 revealed 12 eligible observational studies and three randomized-controlled trials (RCTs). It appeared difficult to compare these studies, due to variations in definitions of periodontal disease and pre-eclampsia, timing of periodontal examination and inadequate control for confounding factors. Eight observational studies reported a positive association, while four studies found no association. None of the RTCs reported reductions in pre-eclamptic rate after periodontal therapy during pregnancy. Therefore, it is questionable whether periodontal disease plays a causal role in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia. The observed association in eight observational studies might be the result of induction of periodontal disease due to the pre-eclamptic state or it may be an epiphenomenon of an exaggerated inflammatory response to pregnancy. Larger RCTs with pre-eclampsia as the primary outcome and pathophysiological studies are required to explore causality and to dissect biological mechanisms involved. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.

  2. Trichomonas tenax and periodontal diseases: a concise review.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Marty, Mathieu; Lemaitre, Mathieu; Kémoun, Philippe; Morrier, Jean-Jacques; Monsarrat, Paul

    2017-09-01

    Periodontal diseases (gingivitis and periodontitis), result from a disruption of the host-oral microbiome homoeostasis. Whereas the pathological role of some specific bacterial strains during periodontal diseases is well documented, the impact of parasites in periodontium pathophysiology is still under debate. This review aims to collect data about the prevalence and the potential role of Trichomonas tenax during periodontal diseases. Data from 47 studies revealed that T. tenax prevalence in diseased periodontium ranged from 0 to 94·1%. The prevalence of oral protozoan infections was found to be largely greater in patients with periodontal diseases than with healthy periodontium. The parasite detection was mainly performed by direct microscopy. Trichomonas tenax presence was clearly correlated with periodontal disease. The high heterogeneity of its periodontal prevalence may be correlated with the diversity of the population screened (age, sex, systemic diseases), and the methods used for diagnosis. This protozoan seems to have the capacity to be involved in the inflammatory process of gum disease. Animal experimentation, using relevant physiopathological models of periodontitis, needs to be performed to investigate the ability of T. tenax to cause and/or worsen the disease. Further investigations using standardized experimental designs of epidemiologic studies are also needed.

  3. Global oral health inequalities: task group--periodontal disease.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jin, L J; Armitage, G C; Klinge, B; Lang, N P; Tonetti, M; Williams, R C

    2011-05-01

    Periodontal diseases constitute one of the major global oral health burdens, and periodontitis remains a major cause of tooth loss in adults worldwide. The World Health Organization recently reported that severe periodontitis exists in 5-20% of adult populations, and most children and adolescents exhibit signs of gingivitis. Likely reasons to account for these prevalent diseases include genetic, epigenetic, and environmental risk factors, as well as individual and socio-economic determinants. Currently, there are fundamental gaps in knowledge of such fundamental issues as the mechanisms of initiation and progression of periodontal diseases, which are undefined; inability to identify high-risk forms of gingivitis that progress to periodontitis; lack of evidence on how to prevent the diseases effectively; inability to detect disease activity and predict treatment efficacy; and limited information on the effects of integration of periodontal health as a part of the health care program designed to promote general health and prevent chronic diseases. In the present report, 12 basic, translational, and applied research areas have been proposed to address the issue of global periodontal health inequality. We believe that the oral health burden caused by periodontal diseases could be relieved significantly in the near future through an effective global collaboration.

  4. Treatment of periodontal abcess with Class II furcation involvement

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nur Rahmah

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available Treatment of periodontal abscess with furcation involvement has its own challenges in achieving the success of periodontal treatment. Teeth with periodontal abscesses often indicate the presence of furcation involvement. Most periodontal abscess occurs in approximately 92.5% molar. Furcation involvement on tooth abscesses had a greater challenge to the success of periodontal therapy. A male patient aged 36 years came to the clinic with active periodontal disease. On examination, the teeth are sensitive to percussion and 2o mobility. There is 13 mm deep pockets around the roots of teeth. On radiographic examination, appears severe bone destruction in the root area and furcation. Oral hygiene status was fair. Patients had a history of systemic disease type II diabetes mellitus. The periodontal abscess with furcation involvement with systemic disease type II diabetes mellitus can be treated with open flap and debridement so it can achieve a better prognosis. Systemic disease do not become a hindrance in periodontal treatment as long as the disease is controlled. Prognosis of teeth with abscess depend on the nature and extent of bone loss. Chronic periodontal abscess has a slow progressive bone destruction.

  5. Estimation and correlation of salivary thiocyanate levels in periodontally healthy subjects, smokers, nonsmokers, and gutka-chewers with chronic periodontitis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hegde, Shashikanth; Chatterjee, Elashri; Rajesh, K S; Kumar, M S Arun

    2016-01-01

    This study was conducted to estimate and correlate salivary thiocyanate (SCN) levels in periodontally healthy subjects, smokers, nonsmokers, and gutka-chewers with chronic periodontitis. The study population consisted of 40 systemically healthy subjects in the age group of 18-55 years that was further divided into four groups: Control, smokers, nonsmokers, and gutka-chewers with chronic periodontitis. Gingival index (GI) (Loe and Silness-1963), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss was assessed. Estimation of SCN was performed by ultraviolet spectrophotometer at 447 nm wavelength. Statistical analysis was performed using the one-way ANOVAs Welch test and Pearson's correlation test using SPSS version 17 software. Results showed statistically significant increase in SCN levels in smokers as compared to gutka-chewers with chronic periodontitis, control, and nonsmokers with chronic periodontitis subjects. Significantly higher PD and loss of attachment were seen in smokers group compared with other groups. A negative correlation observed between the GI and thiocyanate levels. The present study revealed a significant increase in SCN levels in smokers with periodontitis as compared to nonsmokers.

  6. Periodontal therapy reduces plasma levels of interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and fibrinogen in patients with severe periodontitis and refractory arterial hypertension.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vidal, Fábio; Figueredo, Carlos Marcelo S; Cordovil, Ivan; Fischer, Ricardo G

    2009-05-01

    Recent epidemiologic studies suggest that inflammation is the link between periodontal diseases and cardiovascular complications. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of non-surgical periodontal treatment on plasma levels of inflammatory markers (interleukin [IL]-6, C-reactive protein [CRP], and fibrinogen) in patients with severe periodontitis and refractory arterial hypertension. Twenty-two patients were examined and randomly divided into two groups. The test group was composed of 11 patients (mean age, 48.9 +/- 3.9 years) who received periodontal treatment, whereas the control group had 11 patients (mean age, 49.7 +/- 6.0 years) whose treatment was delayed for 3 months. Demographic and clinical periodontal data were collected, and blood tests were performed to measure the levels of IL-6, CRP, and fibrinogen at baseline and 3 months later. The clinical results showed that the mean percentages of sites with bleeding on probing, probing depth (PD) 4 to 5 mm, PD > or =6 mm, clinical attachment loss (CAL) 4 to 5 mm, and CAL > or =6 mm were significantly reduced in the test group 3 months after periodontal treatment. There were no significant differences between the data at baseline and 3 months in the control group. Periodontal treatment significantly reduced the blood levels of fibrinogen, CRP, and IL-6 in the test group. Non-surgical periodontal therapy was effective in improving periodontal clinical data and in reducing the plasma levels of IL-6, CRP, and fibrinogen in hypertensive patients with severe periodontitis.

  7. El desafío de la gestión de las enfermedades profesionales: solvitas perambulum

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Clara Guillén Subirán

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Los cambios que tienen lugar en el entorno laboral repercuten en la naturaleza de las enfermedades profesionales planteando cada vez más desafíos. Este artículo se centra en ellos: el concepto enfermedad profesional tiene un carácter legal y no médico, las nuevas patologías y las enfermedades emergentes, las enfermedades profesionales con largos periodos de latencia, las posibles causas de las enfermedades profesionales que son incluso más complejas que la definición, porque, en muchos casos, los factores relacionados con el trabajo aumentan el riesgo de sufrir una enfermedad junto con otros factores extralaborales. Es precisamente esta compleja multicasualidad de las enfermedades profesionales la que no solo dificulta su reconocimiento y registro sino también su prevención y aseguramiento. En definitiva, se deberían desarrollar algunos métodos y realizar prácticas adecuadas para proponer estrategias,que respondan a estos retos: aseguramiento de una notificación fiable y motivación para que se notifique, fortalecimiento de la calidad del diagnóstico, seguimiento de los trabajadores expuestos, revisión y actualización de las listas de enfermedades profesionales y promoción de la prevención de las enfermedades profesionales.

  8. LA TERAPIA DE REMPLAZO ENZIMÁTICO ENZIMÁTICO TRATAMIENTO ENFERMEDADES EN EL TRATAMIENTO DE ENFERMEDADES GENÉTICAS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Homero Sáenz

    2003-12-01

    Full Text Available La terapia de remplazo enzimático (TRE, consiste en suministrarle a un paciente una proteína exógena, que en su organismo está siendo sintetizada anormalmente. La proteína puede provenir de tejidos y fluidos humanos, ser sintetizada en bacterias, células de mamífero o levaduras, a las cuales se les ha introducido el gen correspondiente. Actualmente son tratadas con TRE las enfermedades de Gaucher, Fabry y la inmunodeficiencia humana combinada. Además existen avanzados estudios en las enfermedades de Hurler, Hunter, Pompe, Niemann-Pick tipo B, Morquio A, angioderma hereditario y pénfigo vulgar. Una de las limitantes de la TRE ha sido sus altos costos, debido al relativamente pequeño número de pacientes que se tratan a nivel mundial y a que el sistema usado hasta ahora, es decir, la expresión en células de mamífero, requiere procedimientos muy costosos. La expresión en bacterias o levaduras sería mucho más barato, pero las primeras no expresan proteínas glicosiladas que constituyen el 91% del total de proteínas y la mayoría de las levaduras tienen sistemas de glicosilación, distintos a los de mamíferos.Sin embargo, Pichia pastoris y Hansenula polymorpha parecen producir proteínas muy similares a las humanas, con lo cual se evitan los problemas de rechazo por parte del organismo humano. En el Instituto de Errores Innatos del Metabolismo (IEIM de la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana se adelantan estudios conducentes a la implementación de un sistema de expresión de proteínas recombinantes en levaduras para uso clínico en enfermedades lisosomales como los síndromes de Hunter y Morquio A. Este modelo, si funciona a cabalidad, podría emplearse para la mayoría de las enfermedades lisosomales (42 en total y para otros errores innatos del metabolismo.

  9. Enfermedad de Pompe de inicio temprano. A propósito de un caso

    OpenAIRE

    Grandez-Urbina, J. Antonio; Bustamante-Ubillus, Claudio; Farro-Calderon, Rossy; Linares-Alarcon, Ismael; Goyzueta-Knox, Silvana

    2013-01-01

    La enfermedad de Pompe es una enfermedad inusual de presentación temprana, causada por el déficit de la síntesis de α 1-4 glucosidasa ácida. Presentamos un caso de inicio insidioso descompensado evidenciándose dificultad respiratoria y cardiomiopatía. La enfermedad de Pompe es muy infrecuente, siendo el primer caso reportado en nuestro medio.

  10. Enfermedad granulomatosa crónica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vianed Marsán Suárez

    Full Text Available La enfermedad granulomatosa crónica (EGC es una inmunodeficiencia primaria de la fagocitosis. Se presenta un paciente de 13 años de edad que a partir el mes de nacido presentó infecciones recurrentes: diarreas, neumonías, tuberculosis pulmonar, gingivo-estomatitis, celulitis, adenitis, abscesos cutáneos y hepáticos recidivantes. Al examen físico presentó una disminución severa del peso y la talla para la edad, palidez cutáneo-mucosa, periodontitis crónica, hiperlaxitud, aumento del hemiabdomen derecho y adenopatías generalizadas. Los estudios inmunológicos mostraron concentraciones normales de las inmunoglobulinas (Ig séricas IgM: 0,98 g/L (0,69 - 2,69 g/L, IgA: 2,76 g/L (1,58 - 3,94 g/L e IgE: 11,70 UI/ml (hasta 50 UI/mL, respectivamente, y ligeramente aumentadas de IgG: 17,2 g/L (7,81 - 15,30 g/L, C3 y C4 normales: 1,28 g/L (0,9 - 1,7 g/L y 0,30 g/L (0,2 - 0,4 g/L, respectivamente. Las subpoblaciones linfocitarias T CD3, CD4 y CD8 positivas estuvieron normales: 62 % (52 - 78 %, 45 % (25 - 48 % y 15 % (9 - 35 %, y los linfocitos B CD19 positivos estuvieron normales: 24 % (8 - 24 %. El índice opsonofagocítico mostró valores normales en los tiempos 15 y 60 min: 35 % (22,99 - 53,95 % y 12,50 % (6,63 - 28,4 3%. La prueba de reducción de nitroazul de tetrazolium espontánea y con agente inductor (Cándida albicans fue negativa. Se concluyó como una EGC ligada al cromosoma X. El tratamiento incluyó el drenaje de los abscesos hepáticos recidivantes, uso de antimicrobianos y antimicóticos potentes e interferón gamma, con lo que disminuyó la frecuencia e intensidad de las infecciones. El diagnóstico y el tratamiento precoces de la EGC disminuyen la morbilidad y mortalidad de estos enfermos.

  11. Palabras impertinentes. Contra el concepto de enfermedad mental.

    OpenAIRE

    Yolanda Gómez Fontanil; Esteban Coto Ezama

    1986-01-01

    Señalamos la existencia ineludible de un aspecto organizacional en toda situación, persistente e indeseable, etiquetada como de «enfermedad mental». Ese aspecto es traducible en un hacer discursivo de un colectivo de personas. Denunciamos el carácter metafórico del término «enfermedad mental» que atenúa, pero también perpetúa, la convención social de la locura: una estrategia socialmente destructora para resolver y ganar conflictos sin reconocerlos. Encontramos un campo no metafórico para la ...

  12. C-reactive protein as a systemic marker of inflammation in periodontitis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pejcic, A; Kesic, L J; Milasin, J

    2011-03-01

    Periodontitis has been identified as a potential risk factor for systemic pathologies such as cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aims of this investigation were to assess the relationship between periodontitis and systemic inflammatory factor, as well as to discover whether there is a relation to the severity of periodontitis and to the periodontopathogens. Periodontal examinations and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level measurements were performed in 50 patients with periodontitis. Periodontal health indicators included the gingival bleeding on probing index and periodontal disease status. The patients with moderate periodontitis had low attachment loss and pocket depth periodontitis had high attachment loss and pocket depth >5 mm. The control group comprised 25 volunteers with healthy gingiva, gingival sulcus periodontal parameters and CRP levels were significantly higher in the patients with periodontitis. Patients who had severe periodontitis, with high levels of mean clinical attachment loss, and subjects with moderate periodontitis had higher mean CRP levels. The percentage of subjects with elevated levels of CRP >5 mg/l was greater in the higher clinical attachment loss group compared to the group with lower attachment loss. The presence of P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans were also associated with elevated CRP levels and poor periodontal status. Periodontitis and the presence of P. gingivalis are associated with an enhanced inflammatory response expressed by higher CRP levels. The association of periodontitis with CRP levels appears to be a contributing factor for CVD and might be a possible intermediate pathway in this association.

  13. Essentials of periodontal medicine in preventive medicine.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gulati, Minkle; Anand, Vishal; Jain, Nikil; Anand, Bhargavi; Bahuguna, Rohit; Govila, Vivek; Rastogi, Pavitra

    2013-09-01

    Influence of systemic disorders on periodontal diseases is well established. However, of growing interest is the effect of periodontal diseases on numerous systemic diseases or conditions like cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, pre-term low birth weight babies, preeclampsia, respiratory infections and others including osteoporosis, cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, erectile dysfunction, Alzheimer's disease, gastrointestinal disease, prostatitis, renal diseases, which has also been scientifically validated. This side of the oral-systemic link has been termed Periodontal Medicine and is potentially of great public health significance, as periodontal disease is largely preventable and in many instances readily treatable, hence, providing many new opportunities for preventing and improving prognosis of several systemic pathologic conditions. This review article highlights the importance of prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases as an essential part of preventive medicine to circumvent its deleterious effects on general health.

  14. Essentials of periodontal medicine in preventive medicine

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Minkle Gulati

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Influence of systemic disorders on periodontal diseases is well established. However, of growing interest is the effect of periodontal diseases on numerous systemic diseases or conditions like cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, pre-term low birth weight babies, preeclampsia, respiratory infections and others including osteoporosis, cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, erectile dysfunction, Alzheimer′s disease, gastrointestinal disease, prostatitis, renal diseases, which has also been scientifically validated. This side of the oral-systemic link has been termed Periodontal Medicine and is potentially of great public health significance, as periodontal disease is largely preventable and in many instances readily treatable, hence, providing many new opportunities for preventing and improving prognosis of several systemic pathologic conditions. This review article highlights the importance of prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases as an essential part of preventive medicine to circumvent its deleterious effects on general health.

  15. Saving Single-rooted Teeth with Combined Endodontic-periodontal Lesions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pico-Blanco, Alexandre; Castelo-Baz, Pablo; Caneiro-Queija, Leticia; Liñares-González, Antonio; Martin-Lancharro, Pablo; Blanco-Carrión, Juan

    2016-12-01

    Teeth affected by combined endodontic-periodontal lesions are usually considered by all prognosis classifications as hopeless teeth. The development of new biomaterials combined with modern endodontic and periodontal regeneration techniques may improve dental prognosis and maintain the affected teeth. Moreover, 1 of the replacement options for those teeth, dental implants, has shown an increasing number of biological and technical complications. Five patients were included in this case series study. Full periodontal and radiographic examination revealed generalized chronic periodontitis. Moreover, endodontic-periodontal lesions affecting single-rooted teeth were detected in those patients with tissue destruction beyond the apex. After splinting those teeth, conventional endodontic and nonsurgical periodontal treatment was performed. Three months later, periodontal regeneration was applied at those teeth in order to reconstruct supporting tissues and to improve dental prognosis. After a follow-up period ranging from 14 months to 17 years, it was observed that all teeth remain asymptomatic and in normal function. No signs of apical pathosis were observed, and the periodontium was stable. All patients were included in a strict maintenance program to check the periodontal and apical status. This case series shows that it is possible to change the prognosis of teeth affected by combined endodontic-periodontal lesions, even if the periodontal support is destroyed beyond the apex. Copyright © 2016 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  16. Familial periodontal disease in the Cayo Santiago rhesus macaques.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gonzalez, Octavio A; Orraca, Luis; Kensler, Terry B; Gonzalez-Martinez, Janis; Maldonado, Elizabeth; Ebersole, Jeffrey L

    2016-01-01

    Substantial ongoing research continues to explore the contribution of genetics and environment to the onset, extent and severity of periodontal disease(s). Existing evidence supports that periodontal disease appears to have an increased prevalence in family units with a member having aggressive periodontitis. We have been using the nonhuman primate as a model of periodontal disease for over 25 years with these species demonstrating naturally occurring periodontal disease that increases with age. This report details our findings from evaluation of periodontal disease in skulls from 97 animals (5-31 years of age) derived from the skeletons of the rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) on Cayo Santiago. Periodontal disease was evaluated by determining the distance from the base of the alveolar bone defect to the cemento-enamel junction on 1st/2nd premolars and 1st/2nd molars from all four quadrants. The results demonstrated an increasing extent and severity of periodontitis with aging across the population of animals beyond only compensatory eruption. Importantly, irrespective of age, extensive heterogeneity in disease expression was observed among the animals. Linking these variations to multi-generational matriarchal family units supported familial susceptibility of periodontitis. As the current generations of animals that are descendants from these matrilines are alive, studies can be conducted to explore an array of underlying factors that could account for susceptibility or resistance to periodontal disease. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  17. Evaluation of a platelet lysate bilayered system for periodontal regeneration in a rat intrabony three-wall periodontal defect.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Babo, Pedro S; Cai, Xinjie; Plachokova, Adelina S; Reis, Rui L; Jansen, John; Gomes, Manuela E; Walboomers, X Frank

    2018-02-01

    With currently available therapies, full regeneration of lost periodontal tissues after periodontitis cannot be achieved. In this study, a combined compartmentalized system was tested, composed of (a) a platelet lysate (PL)-based construct, which was placed along the root aiming to regenerate the root cementum and periodontal ligament, and (b) a calcium phosphate cement composite incorporated with hyaluronic acid microspheres loaded with PL, aiming to promote the regeneration of alveolar bone. This bilayered system was assessed in a 3-wall periodontal defect in Wistar rats. The periodontal healing and the inflammatory response of the materials were scored for a period up to 6 weeks after implantation. Furthermore, histomorphometrical measurements were performed to assess the epithelial downgrowth, the formation of alveolar bone, and the formation of new connective tissue attachment. Our data showed that the stabilization of platelet-origin proteins on the root surface increased the overall periodontal healing score and restricted the formation of long epithelial junctions. Nevertheless, the faster degradation of the cement component with incorporated hyaluronic acid microspheres compromised the stability of the system, which hampered the periodontal regeneration. Overall, in this work, we proved the positive therapeutic effect of the immobilization of a PL-based construct over the root surface in a combined compartmentalized system to assist predictable healing of functional periodontium. Therefore, after optimization of the hard tissue analogue, the system should be further elaborated in (pre)clinical validation studies. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

  18. Periodontal and endodontic infectious/inflammatory profile in primary periodontal lesions with secondary endodontic involvement after a calcium hydroxide-based intracanal medication.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Duque, Thais M; Prado, Maira; Herrera, Daniel R; Gomes, Brenda P F A

    2018-03-23

    The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of a calcium hydroxide-based intracanal medication (ICM) on periodontal and endodontic infectious/inflammatory contents and on periodontal clinical parameters in teeth with primary periodontal lesion and secondary endodontic involvement. Ten patients with abnormal pulp test results and deep probing depth derived from primary periodontal disease with secondary endodontic involvement were included. Samples were collected from root canals (RC) and periodontal pockets (PP) in order to investigate the microbiological status, levels of endotoxin (LPS), cytokines, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), before and after ICM. PCR was used for microbiological assessment. The kinetic-chromogenic LAL assay was used for LPS quantification. Quantikine ELISA kits were used for measurement of IL-1 α, IL-1 β, TNF-α, PGE 2 , MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-9, and MMP-13 levels. The statistical analyses were made using the Friedman and Wilcoxon tests (p  0.05); however, the levels of the other MMPs and cytokines were reduced (p < 0.05). After 1 year of the root canal treatment, tooth mobility was significantly reduced (p ≤ 0.05). The use of a calcium hydroxide-based ICM showed positive effects for periodontal treatment prognosis, as it reduced LPS, cytokine, and MMP levels in periodontal pockets. Patients presenting deep probing depth and undergoing periodontal treatment for at least 6 months, with no positive response to periodontal therapy, might benefit with the endodontic treatment.

  19. Enfermedad de Hirschsprung

    OpenAIRE

    K A Santos-Jasso

    2017-01-01

    Definición
    La enfermedad de Hirschsprung, megacolon congénito o agangliónico, o Aganglionosis Intestinal Congénita, es una anomalía caracterizada por la ausencia congénita de células ganglionares del sistema parasimpático de los piejos intermientéricos de Auerbach, situado entre las capas musculares, circular y longitudinal, y el submucoso de Meissner; con conducción inefectiva del peristaltismo, ocasionando obstrucción funcional (24, 37, 65, 8...

  20. Molecular diagnostics of periodontitis

    OpenAIRE

    Izabela Korona-Głowniak; Radosław Siwiec; Marcin Berger; Anna Malm; Jolanta Szymańska

    2017-01-01

    The microorganisms that form dental plaque are the main cause of periodontitis. Their identification and the understanding of the complex relationships and interactions that involve these microorganisms, environmental factors and the host’s health status enable improvement in diagnostics and targeted therapy in patients with periodontitis. To this end, molecular diagnostics techniques (both techniques based on the polymerase chain reaction and those involving nucleic acid analysis via hybridi...

  1. Increased cancer risk in patients with periodontitis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dizdar, Omer; Hayran, Mutlu; Guven, Deniz Can; Yılmaz, Tolga Birtan; Taheri, Sahand; Akman, Abdullah C; Bilgin, Emre; Hüseyin, Beril; Berker, Ezel

    2017-12-01

    Previous studies have noted a possible association between periodontal diseases and the risk of various cancers. We assessed cancer risk in a cohort of patients with moderate to severe periodontitis. Patients diagnosed with moderate to severe periodontitis by a periodontist between 2001 and 2010 were identified from the hospital registry. Patients younger than 35 years of age or with a prior cancer diagnosis were excluded. The age- and gender-standardized incidence rates (SIR) were calculated by dividing the number of observed cases by the number of expected cases from Turkish National Cancer Registry 2013 data. A total of 280 patients were included (median age 49.6, 54% female). Median follow-up was 12 years. Twenty-five new cancer cases were observed. Patients with periodontitis had 77% increased risk of cancer (SIR 1.77, 95% CI 1.17-2.58, p = .004). Women with periodontitis had significantly higher risk of breast cancer (SIR 2.40, 95% CI 0.88-5.33) and men with periodontitis had significantly higher risk of prostate cancer (SIR 3.75, 95% CI 0.95-10.21) and hematological cancers (SIR 6.97, 95% CI 1.77-18.98). Although showing a causal association necessitates further investigation, our results support the idea that periodontitis might be associated with increased cancer risk, particularly with hematological, breast and prostate cancers.

  2. Transplantation of periodontal ligament cell sheets expressing human β‑defensin‑3 promotes anti‑inflammation in a canine model of periodontitis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhu, Minwen; Miao, Bo; Zhu, Jianhua; Wang, Haiyan; Zhou, Zengtong

    2017-11-01

    Periodontitis is a chronic oral inflammatory disease caused by microorganisms. Human β‑defensin‑3 (HBD‑3) is an endogenous antimicrobial peptide that inhibits a broad spectrum of microorganisms. Cell sheet technology has been widely applied in tissue and organ reconstructions. In the current study, it was aimed to investigate the anti‑inflammatory effect of periodontal tissue engineered by HBD‑3 gene‑modified periodontal ligament cell (PDLC) sheets, and to identify a suitable method of promoting the regeneration of periodontal tissues. Western blot analysis and antimicrobial tests were used to confirm the expression of HBD‑3. The effect of the cell sheets on anti‑inflammatory activity and bone remodeling in a dog model of periodontitis was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry. The results demonstrated that the transfected PDLCs stably expressed HBD‑3. Periodontal pathogens were susceptible to the antimicrobial activity of the cell sheets. In addition, the cell sheets relieved the bone resorption caused by inflammation in the in vivo model. HBD‑3 may potentially be applied in the treatment of periodontitis and may function as osteogenic promoter via its anti‑inflammatory effect.

  3. Interaction between endodontics and periodontics.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rotstein, Ilan

    2017-06-01

    Endodontic-periodontal lesions present challenges to the clinician regarding diagnosis, treatment planning and prognosis. Etiologic factors, such as bacteria and viruses, as well as contributing factors, such as trauma, root resorptions, perforations, cracks and dental malformations, play an important role in the development and progression of such lesions. Treatment and prognosis of endodontic-periodontal lesions vary, depending on the etiology, pathogenesis and correct diagnosis of each specific condition. This chapter will appraise the interrelationship between endodontic and periodontal lesions and provide biological and clinical evidence for diagnosis, prognosis and decision-making in the treatment of these conditions. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  4. Chronic periodontitis with multiple risk factor syndrome: a case report.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shimoe, Masayuki; Yamamoto, Tadashi; Iwamoto, Yoshihiro; Shiomi, Nobuyuki; Maeda, Hiroshi; Nishimura, Fusanori; Takashiba, Shogo

    2011-07-01

    Multiple risk factor syndrome is a clustering of cardiovascular risk factors, such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and obesity associated epidemiologically with insulin resistance. This report describes the clinical course of a patient suffering from severe periodontitis with multiple risk factor syndrome, and discusses the association between periodontal infection and systemic health. The patient had a history of type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension for over 10 years. At baseline, her hemoglobin A1 c was 8.1%. However, she had no diabetic complications except periodontitis. The IgG antibody titers against Porphyromonas gingivalis FDC 381 and SU63 were elevated above the mean of healthy subjects +2 standard deviations. Intensive periodontal treatment, including periodontal surgery, was performed to reduce periodontal infection and bacteremia. Her systemic and periodontal conditions were evaluated longitudinally for 10 years. Following periodontal treatment, antibody titers against Porphyromonas gingivalis and hemoglobin A1c values were significantly improved. The other clinical data and medication for her systemic condition also remained stable during supportive periodontal therapy. However, she developed myocardial infarction, and showed continuous deterioration of hemoglobin A1 c level and periodontitis. The long-term clustering of risk factors, such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and periodontitis, are associated with the development of myocardial infarction. Treatment of systemic conditions in combination with comprehensive periodontal treatment is important in management of patients with multiple risk factor syndrome.

  5. con enfermedad crónica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María del Refugio Zavala Rodríguez

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available El propósito del estudio fue determinar el grado de correlación entre los niveles de fortaleza para la salud y de ansiedad-rasgo, en unamuestra de 200 pacientes integrada por medio de muestreo no probabilístico; los criterios de inclusión fueron: adultos de ambos génerosdiagnosticados con enfermedad crónica, con estudios de enseñanza básica y orientada. El marco teórico que guió la investigación es elModelo de Adaptación de Roy. El diseño fue descriptivo, transversal, correlacional. Se utilizó el cuestionario de fortaleza de S. Pollock y laescala de autoevaluación de ansiedad-rasgo de Spielberger; los instrumentos presentaron una consistencia interna aceptable con unAlpha de Cronbach de ,852 y ,813 respectivamente. La información se recabó de cuatro instituciones de salud ubicadas en los municipiosde Tampico-Cd. Madero Tamaulipas, México. El análisis de los datos se efectuó mediante estadística descriptiva e inferencial, se utilizó elpaquete estadístico SPSS versión 13. El rango de edad que predominó fue de 45 a 64 años (54%; el 55% fue del sexo femenino, el 48%cuenta con estudios de primaria, cerca del 90% padece de una enfermedad metabólica. El coeficiente de correlación de Spearman entrela fortaleza para la salud y la ansiedad-rasgo fue significativo (Œ,570, valor Œp,000. En la mayoría de la población participante se encontróun nivel moderado tanto de fortaleza (83% como de ansiedad (73%. El análisis de regresión múltiple indicó que la relación significativaentre estas dos variables no es afectada por la edad, el género o los años de evolución de la enfermedad crónica. Los datos de este estudiomuestran evidencia de que en los pacientes con enfermedades crónicas a mayor nivel de fortaleza menor nivel de ansiedad-rasgo. Estasituación invita a desarrollar más estudios de estos fenómenos, en la disciplina de enfermería, que sirvan como sustento teórico-prácticopara el diseño o la mejora de

  6. Association between obesity and chronic periodontitis: a cross-sectional study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Palle, Ajay Reddy; Reddy, C M Sanjeeva Kumar; Shankar, B Shiva; Gelli, Vemsi; Sudhakar, Jaradoddi; Reddy, K Krishna Mohana

    2013-03-01

    Chronic periodontitis is multifactorial and numerous risk factors have been identified to contribute in the disease progression. Current study aimed to conduct a cross-sectional study in a population of patients with cardiovascular diseases in order to correlate the association between obesity [body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC)] and periodontal disease parameters. The study was of a cross-sectional design and a total of 201 patients were examined after obtaining their informed consent. Subjects who had a history of cardiovascular diseases and under treatment were included in the study. Two indicators of obesity were used: BMI and WC. The following periodontal parameters were assessed: Probing depth, clinical attachment level. The oral hygiene status of the subjects was assessed by the oral hygiene index (OHI, simplified) given by John C Greene and Jack R Vermillion. The influence of the BMI and other confounding variables on periodontitis severity was assessed by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Data were analyzed using SPSS. Significant association was seen with low density lipoproteins (LDL) and severity of periodontitis (p < 0.005), triglyceride levels (TGL) and severity of periodontitis (p < 0.005), cholesterol and severity of periodontitis (p < 0.005), BMI and severity of periodontitis (p < 0.001), OHI and severity of periodontitis (p < 0.001). Significant association was seen with smoking and severity of periodontitis (p < 0.005), BMI and severity of periodontitis (p < 0.001), WC and severity of periodontitis (p < 0.001), cholesterol and severity of periodontitis (p < 0.001), OHI and severity of periodontitis (p < 0.001). Obesity has been implicated as a risk factor for several conditions including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, etc. In our study the relation between measures of overall and abdominal obesity (BMI and WC) and periodontal disease showed significant association in the multivariate logistic regression analysis

  7. Common Periodontal Diseases of Children and Adolescents

    OpenAIRE

    Hayat Al-Ghutaimel; Hisham Riba; Salem Al-Kahtani; Saad Al-Duhaimi

    2014-01-01

    Background. Since 2000, studies, experiments, and clinical observations revealed high prevalence of periodontal diseases among children and adolescents. Therefore, this paper was designed to provide an update for dental practitioners on epidemiology, microbiology, pathology, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of periodontal diseases in children and adolescents. Methods. This paper reviews the current literature concerning periodontal diseases in pediatric dentistry. It includes MEDLINE data...

  8. Periodontal health and global public health

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Petersen, Poul E; Baehni, Pierre C

    2012-01-01

    Chronic diseases are a growing burden to people, to health-care systems and to societies across the world. The rapid increase in the burden of chronic diseases is particularly prevalent in the developing countries. Periodontal disease is one of the two most important oral diseases contributing...... to the global burden of chronic disease. In addition to social determinants, periodontal health status is related to several proximal factors. Modifiable risk factors, such as tobacco use, excessive alcohol consumption, poor diet and nutrition, obesity, psychological stress and insufficient personal....../oral hygiene, are important and these principal risk factors for periodontal disease are shared by other chronic diseases. The present monograph is devoted to the existing evidence on the practice of public health related to periodontal health. Public health is defined as the process of mobilizing and engaging...

  9. Severe periodontitis and higher cirrhosis mortality

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Ladegaard Grønkjær, Lea; Holmstrup, Palle; Schou, Søren

    2018-01-01

    Background Periodontitis and edentulism are prevalent in patients with cirrhosis, but their clinical significance is largely unknown. Objective The objective of this article is to determine the association of severe periodontitis and edentulism with mortality in patients with cirrhosis. Methods...... A total of 184 cirrhosis patients underwent an oral examination. All-cause and cirrhosis-related mortality was recorded. The associations of periodontitis and edentulism with mortality were explored by Kaplan–Meier survival plots and Cox proportional hazards regression adjusted for age, gender, cirrhosis...... etiology, Child–Pugh score, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score, smoker status, present alcohol use, comorbidity, and nutritional risk score. Results The total follow-up time was 74,197 days (203.14 years). At entry, 44% of the patients had severe periodontitis and 18% were edentulous. Forty...

  10. Cytokine ratios in chronic periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Acharya, Anirudh B; Thakur, Srinath; Muddapur, M V; Kulkarni, Raghavendra D

    Chronic periodontitis may influence systemic cytokines in type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to evaluate the cytokine ratios in type 2 diabetes with, and without chronic periodontitis. Gingival status, periodontal, glycemic parameters and serum cytokines were evaluated in participants grouped as healthy, chronic periodontitis, and type 2 diabetes with, and without chronic periodontitis. Cytokine ratios showed significant differences in type 2 diabetes and chronic periodontitis, were highest in participants having both type 2 diabetes and chronic periodontitis, with a statistically significant cut-off point and area under curve by receiver operating characteristic. Copyright © 2016 Diabetes India. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  11. Application of transtheoretical model to assess the compliance of chronic periodontitis patients to periodontal therapy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Shilpa Emani

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Background: The present cross-sectional survey study was conducted to assess whether the transtheoretical model for oral hygiene behavior was interrelated in theoretically consistent directions in chronic periodontitis patients and its applicability to assess the compliance of the chronic periodontitis patients to the treatment suggested. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 chronic periodontitis patients were selected for the proposed study. The selected patients were given four questionnaires that were constructed based on transtheoretical model (TTM, and the patients were divided subsequently into five different groups (precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance groups based on their answers to the questionnaires. Then, each patient was given four appointments for their periodontal treatment spaced with a time gap of 10 days. The patients visit for each appointments scheduled to them was documented. The results obtained were assessed using TTM. Results: Higher mean pro scores of decisional balance, self-efficacy, and process of change scores was recorded in maintenance group followed by action group, preparation group, contemplation group, and precontemplation group, respectively, whereas higher mean cons score was recorded in precontemplation group followed by contemplation group, preparation group, action group, and maintenance group, respectively. The difference scores of TTM constructs were statistically highly significant between all the five groups. Furthermore, the number of appointment attended in were significantly more than maintenance group followed by action group, preparation group, contemplation group, and precontemplation group. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that transtheoretical model can be successfully applied to chronic periodontitis patients to assess their compliance to the suggested periodontal treatment.

  12. Nonsurgical periodontal therapy to treat a case of severe periodontitis: A 12-year follow-up.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Carnio, João; Moreira, Ana Karina; Jenny, Todd; Camargo, Paulo M; Pirih, Flavia Q

    2015-08-01

    This case report describes the successful treatment of a severe chronic periodontitis case by nonsurgical therapy and a strict maintenance program over a 12-year period. A 38-year-old man concerned about the protrusion of his maxillary incisors was referred for periodontal treatment. The teeth in the maxillary arch had generalized severe chronic periodontitis. Several treatment options were presented to the patient including the most aggressive, extraction of all maxillary teeth, and the most conservative, scaling and root planing. The patient opted to having the most conservative approach, even though the prognoses for the maxillary teeth were unfavorable. Therefore, he received nonsurgical therapy via scaling and root planing combined with systemic antibiotics before referral to an orthodontist to address the esthetic concerns. The maxillary dentition was treated with orthodontic therapy to retract and align the maxillary anterior segment. Periodontal maintenance (1-hour session), including subgingival instrumentation, was performed 4 times per year until the end of the 12-year follow-up period. The patient only missed 2 appointments in 12 years. Twelve years later, the results revealed that all but 1 maxillary tooth were maintained in a state of acceptable health, function, and esthetics. Although most would agree with the initial poor prognosis of this patient's case, nonsurgical periodontal therapy was utilized with a 3-month periodontal maintenance program and demonstrated long-term success. The outcome presented in this case report may only have been possible because of patient compliance, professional experience, skill, and supervision throughout the course of treatment. Copyright © 2015 American Dental Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  13. Ligneous Periodontitis in a Child with Plasminogen Deficiency ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Ligneous periodontitis (LP), a rare periodontal disease, is seen secondary to plasminogen deficiency and fibrin deposition. It is characterized by nodular gingival enlargements and progressive destructive membranous periodontal disease. It generally ends with the early loss of teeth. Defective fibrinolysis and abnormal ...

  14. Evidenced-based review of clinical studies on periodontics.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2009-08-01

    Periodontal diseases have several implications for the practice of endodontics. First, advanced periodontitis often has direct implications for the long-term prognosis of the case and requires careful evaluation and coordinated treatment of both the periodontic and endodontic diseases. Second, the potential for functional interactions between odontogenic pathoses and marginal periodontitis requires careful collection of clinical observations and monitoring the outcome of various treatments. In this section, we provide an analysis of recent clinical studies in this area.

  15. Periodontal disease in children and adolescents of Latin America.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Botero, Javier E; Rösing, Cassiano Kuchenbecker; Duque, Andres; Jaramillo, Adriana; Contreras, Adolfo

    2015-02-01

    Periodontal diseases are a group of infectious diseases that mainly include gingivitis and periodontitis. Gingivitis is the most prevalent form of periodontal disease in subjects of all ages, including children and adolescents. Less frequent types of periodontal disease include aggressive periodontitis, acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis and various diseases of herpesviral and fungal origin. This review aimed to retrieve relevant information from Latin America on the prevalence of periodontal diseases among children and adolescents of the region. Gingivitis was detected in 35% of young Latin American subjects and showed the highest frequencies in Colombia (77%) and Bolivia (73%) and the lowest frequency in Mexico (23%). The frequency of gingivitis in subjects from other Latin American countries was between 31% and 56%. Periodontitis may affect periodontal disease in children and adolescents of Latin America may help policy makers and dentists to institute more effective public health measures to prevent and treat the disease at an early age to avoid major damage to the permanent dentition. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  16. El concepto general de enfermedad: revisión, crítica y propuesta Tercera parte: un modelo teórico de enfermedad

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Adolfo Peña

    2003-03-01

    Full Text Available Se plantea el concepto de enfermedad como modelo teórico, es decir, como una representación conceptual esquemática, la cual representará la enfermedad en términos teóricos de alto grado de abstracción. Nos serviremos de conceptos matemáticos tales como los de conjunto y función, y de teorías muy generales, como la teoría general de sistemas y el materialismo emergentista.

  17. PERIODONTAL DISEASE: LITERATURE REVIEW

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    J. D. Baia

    2017-10-01

    Full Text Available The periodontal disease is the most common disorder of oral cavity of the dogs, being characterized by the inflammation of the gingiva (gingivitis and periodontium (periodontitis, as a result of aerobic bacteria accumulation on the tooth surface, shaped as a biofilm, creating a microaerophilic environment that enhances the development of pathogenic anaerobic bacteria. The process of gingivitis can be reversed after proper treatment. If untreated, it progresses to periodontitis, an irreversible condition, because of the loss of epithelial adhesion. Animals with periodontitis have bone loss and consequently tooth mobility. This condition has the feeding as the main modifier factor. This means that the more solid is the food, the more friction with the tooth it will do, helping the removal of the biofilm. There are several predisposing factors of this disease, such as race, age, occlusion problems, immunodeficiency, among others. The clinical signs of periodontal disease may vary, being halitosis and gingivitis the most common findings. The diagnosis is made by direct inspection, where furcation exposure, inflammation and dental calculus can be seen. The best complementary tool to diagnose is the intra-oral radiography, which allows the visualization of bone structures that can not be seen during clinical inspection, helping to manage the treatment. The use of antibiotics is only complementary to treatment and only chosen in special cases. The treatment for this condition is surgical and requires sedation. It basically consists in the complete removal of dental calculus, followed by teeth polishing. The whole procedure is performed using specific techniques and instrumentation. There are various prophylactic methods, although daily brushing and the awareness of the owner about this condition are considered the ideal combination.

  18. Enfermedad de Pompe de inicio temprano: A propósito de un caso

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    J. Antonio Grandez-Urbina

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available La enfermedad de Pompe es una enfermedad inusual de presentación temprana, causada por el déficit de la síntesis de α 1-4 glucosidasa ácida. Presentamos un caso de inicio insidioso descompensado evidenciándose dificultad respiratoria y cardiomiopatía. La enfermedad de Pompe es muy infrecuente, siendo el primer caso reportado en nuestro medio.

  19. Effect of non-surgical periodontal treatment on chronic kidney disease patients

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    Hilana Paula Carillo Artese

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available Chronic kidney disease (CKD is a debilitating systemic condition. Our working hypothesis is that CKD predialysis patients with periodontitis would respond poorly to periodontal treatment owing to immunologic compromise. Twenty-one predialysis patients (group 1 and 19 individuals without clinical evidence of kidney disease (group 2 with chronic periodontitis were subjected to non-surgical periodontal treatment with no antibiotics. Clinical periodontal and systemic parameters were evaluated at baseline and 3 months after treatment. Both groups showed significant and similar post-treatment improvements in all periodontal parameters examined. Most interestingly, periodontal treatment had a statistically significant positive effect on the glomerular filtration rate of each individual (group 1, p = 0.04; group 2, p = 0.002. Our results indicate that chronic periodontitis in predialysis kidney disease patients improved similarly in patients with chronic periodontitis and no history of CKD after receiving non-surgical periodontal therapy. This study demonstrates that CKD predialysis patients show a good response to non-surgical periodontal treatment.

  20. Periodontal disease burden and pathological changes in organs of dogs.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pavlica, Zlatko; Petelin, Milan; Juntes, Polona; Erzen, Damjan; Crossley, David A; Skaleric, Uros

    2008-06-01

    Bacterial plaque associated periodontal disease is the most common chronic infection in man and dogs. In man, there is an association between periodontal disease and myocardial infarction and stroke, while in dogs it has also been associated with changes in internal organs. Inflamed periodontal tissues present a 'periodontal disease burden' to the host and the extent of this inflammatory disease burden is likely to affect the degree of associated pathological change in distant organs. This hypothesis was investigated in dogs with naturally occurring periodontal disease. Post-mortem investigations including periodontal assessment, standard necropsy, and organ histology were performed on 44 mature toy and miniature Poodles (related, periodontitis predisposed breeds) that died naturally or were euthanized based on clinical disease. Animals with gross primary organ pathology were excluded. The periodontal disease burden was estimated from the total surface area of periodontal pocket epithelium using six measurements of probing depth for each tooth and the tooth circumferences. Ordinal logistic regression (OR) analysis established that for each square centimeter of periodontal disease burden there was a 1.4-times higher likelihood of greater changes being present in the left atrio-ventricular valves (OR = 1.43), plus 1.2 and 1.4 times higher likelihoodfor greater liver and kidney pathology (OR = 1.21; OR = 1.42), respectively The results show that there is a link between the estimated 'periodontal disease burden' resulting from plaque-bacteria associated periodontal disease and the level of internal pathology in this population, implying that periodontitis might contribute to the development of systemic pathology in dogs.