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Sample records for elin toona gottschalk

  1. Acrimony needs / Elin Kard

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kard, Elin

    2006-01-01

    "Acrimony needs" on Elin Kardi ühe maali pealkiri Tallinna Kunstihoones 8.04.-28.05.2006 eksponeeritud Elin Kardi, Marko Mäetamme, Marco Laimre ja Andres Tali ühisnäitusel "Vägivald ja propaganda". Töö viitab Taani riigilipu kaudu 2006. a. alguses lahvatanud nn. karikatuuriskandaalile, kui ajaleht Jyllands-Posten avaldas pilapildid prohvet Muhamedist, mis põhjustasid pahameeletormi moslemimaailmas

  2. Raamat : [Tutvustus] / Livia Viitol

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Viitol, Livia, 1953-

    1996-01-01

    Toona, Elin. Lotukata; Sagan Franȯise. Kurbus kummaline tunne. Killuke päikest jahedas vees; Vee, Elo. Võlavalgel; Plath Sylvia. Klaaskuppel; Pühakuteraamat : Nende elulood, teod ja ikonograafilised embleemid; Terhart, Franjo. Mina, Grace O'Malley

  3. Ilmus kogumik eesti naiste elulugusid inglise keeles

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2006-01-01

    Carrying Linda's stones : an anthology of Estonian women's life stories / editors: Suzanne Stiver Lie, Lynda Malik, Ilvi Jõe-Cannon, Rutt Hinrikus ; foreword by H.E. Aldona Wos. Tallinn : Tallinn University Press, 2006. Sisaldab Elin Toona jt. elulugusid. Vt. ka SL Õhtuleht, 30. sept., lk. 27

  4. Short outlines of books by Estonian authors : [annotations] / Rutt Hinrikus, Janika Kronberg

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Hinrikus, Rutt, 1946-

    1998-01-01

    Laretei, Käbi. Eksiil; Toona, Elin. Lotukata; Park, Eeva. Naeru õpilane; Luik, Viivi. Inimese kapike; Laaman, Ilona. Vesi ahjus; Viiding, Juhan (Üdi, Jüri). Kogutud luuletused; Paju, Juhan. Katkenud romaan; Paju, Juhan. Hõõguv rist; Estonian short stories / toim. Kajar Pruul ja Darlene Reddaway; Traat, Mats. Kartaago kiirrong; Kauksi Ülle. Säng; Kross, Jaan. Paigallend; Puhvel, Madli. Symbol of dawn; Kaplinski, Jaan. Võimaluste võimalikkus; Kaplinski, Jaan. Usk on uskmatus

  5. Short outlines of books by Estonian authors / Rutt Hinrikus, Janika Kronberg

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Hinrikus, Rutt, 1946-

    2000-01-01

    Andres Ehin. Alateadvus on alatasa purjus; Peeter Torop. Kultuurimärgid; Matt Barker. Sarah' jalad; Jaan Isotamm. Mina Johnny B.; Jaan Kaplinski. Silm. Hektor; Jaan Kaplinski. Kevad kahel rannikul ehk tundeline teekond Ameerikasse; Rein Raud. Pisiasjad, mis omavad tähtsust; Kerttu Rakke. Kalevipoeg; Elin Toona. Rõõm teeb taeva taga tuld; Veera Saar. Neid ammuseid aegu; Toomas Vint. Nädalavahetusel. Mängides; Varjatud ilus haigus : valik sajandilõpu eesti luuletajaid / koostanud Kajar Pruul; Viiu Härm. Duubel kaks

  6. Short Outlines of Books by Estonian Authors / Janika Kronberg, Rutt Hinrikus

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kronberg, Janika, 1963-

    2009-01-01

    Arvustus: Karusoo, Merle. Kui ruumid on täis : Eesti rahva elulood teatritekstides 1982-2005. Tallinn : Varrak, 2008 ; Aleksejev, Tiit. Palveränd. Tallinn : Varrak, 2008 ; Saat, Mari. Lasnamäe lunastaja. Tallinn : Tuum, 2008 ; Tarand, Mari. Ajapildi sees. Tartu : Ilmamaa, 2008 ; Ojamaa, Liisi. Jõgi asfaldi all. Tallinn : Varrak, 2008 ; Kaalep, Ain. Muusad ja maastikud. Luuletused aastaist 1945-2008. Tallinn : Tänapäev, 2008 ; Toona, Elin. Ella. Tallinn : Kultuurileht, 2008 ; Hellerma, Kärt. Sinine missa. Valik reisikirju. Tallinn : Tuum, 2008 ; Raud, Rein. Vend. Tallinn : Tuum, 2008 ; Kruusa, Kalju. Pilvedgi mindgi liigutavadgi. Tallinn : Koma, 2008

  7. Analysis of Suicidal Behaviour in Israeli Veterans and Terror Victims with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder by Using the Computerised Gottschalk-Gleser Scales

    Science.gov (United States)

    Galor, Sharon; Hentschel, Uwe

    2009-01-01

    The primary objective of this study was to identify the vulnerability factors for suicide attempts in an Israeli sample, with the help of the Gottschalk-Gleser content analysis scales. The respondents were divided into four groups: suicide attempters; controls; post-traumatic stress disorder and depressed patients who did not report suicidal…

  8. Biossólido como substrato para produção de mudas de Toona ciliata var. australis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcos Vinicius Winckler Caldeira

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available O êxito de plantios florestais não está ligado unicamente à espécie utilizada, mas depende diretamente do tipo de recipiente, da qualidade das sementes e do substrato utilizado. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a influência do biossólido como substrato na produção de mudas de cedro-australiano (Toona ciliata. O experimento foi realizado em casa de sombra do Viveiro Florestal/CCA/UFES. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, sendo constituído de seis tratamentos contendo biossólido, em proporções decrescentes, associado com terra de subsolo e dois tratamentos sem o uso de biossólido (esterco bovino + terra de subsolo e substrato comercial, respectivamente, com oito repetições. No geral, os melhores resultados para as características morfológicas analisadas foram obtidos com a utilização de 100 a 70% de biossólido na composição do substrato. Portanto, o biossólido pode ser considerado adequado para o crescimento de mudas de Toona ciliata o que demonstra uma alternativa viável de disposição final desse resíduo.

  9. Toona Sinensis Extracts Induced Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in the Human Lung Large Cell Carcinoma

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cheng-Yuan Wang

    2010-02-01

    Full Text Available Toona sinensis extracts have been shown to exhibit anti-cancer effects in human ovarian cancer cell lines, human promyelocytic leukemia cells and human lung adenocarcinoma. Its safety has also been confirmed in animal studies. However, its anti-cancer properties in human lung large cell carcinoma have not been studied. Here, we used a powder obtained by freeze-drying the super-natant of centrifuged crude extract from Toona sinensis leaves (TSL-1 to treat the human lung carcinoma cell line H661. Cell viability was evaluated by the 3-(4-,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that TSL-1 blocked H661 cell cycle progression. Western blot analysis showed decreased expression of cell cycle proteins that promote cell cycle progression, including cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and cyclin D1, and increased the expression of proteins that inhibit cell cycle progression, including p27. Furthermore, flow cytometry analysis showed that TSL-1 induced H661 cell apoptosis. Western blot analysis showed that TSL-1 reduced the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2, and degraded the DNA repair protein, poly(ADP-ribose polymerase. TSL-1 shows potential as a novel therapeutic agent or for use as an adjuvant for treating human lung large cell carcinoma.

  10. Bioactivity of Indonesian mahogany, Toona sureni (Blume (Meliaceae, against the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae Bioatividade do mogno da Indonésia, Toona sureni (Blume (Meliaceae, contra o besouro-das-farinhas, Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sahana Parvin

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available Bioactivity of Indonesian mahogany, Toona sureni (Blume (Meliaceae, against the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae. The insecticidal activity of Toona sureni (Blume Merr. was evaluated considering repellency, mortality and progeny production of F1 adults of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst, 1797 (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae. Dried extract of seeds of T. sureni was dissolved in acetone to prepare solution of various concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 2.5 and 5.0%. To test for repellency, the insects were exposed to treated filter paper. Mortality of larvae, pupae and adults was evaluated by the treatment of spraying the insects with different concentrations of T. sureni extract. Residual effect of the extract was also evaluated considering the production of progeny of F1 adults. The highest repellency (93.30% of T. castaneum occurred at the highest concentration (5.0% suspension of T. sureni; while the lowest (0.0% repellency occurred at 0.5% suspension after 1 day of treatment. The highest mortality against adults (86.71%, larvae (88.32% and pupae (85% occurred at 5% suspension at 8 days after application. There was a negative correlation between the concentrations of T. sureni and the production of F1 adult's progeny of T. castaneum. The highest number of progeny (147 of T. castaneum occurred in the control at 7 days after treatment; and the lowest number of progeny (43 occurred at 5.0% concentration in 1 day after treatment. The results show that T. sureni is toxic to T. castaneum and has the potential to control all stages of this insect in stored wheat.Bioatividade do mogno da Indonésia, Toona sureni (Blume (Meliaceae, contra o besouro-das-farinhas, Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae. A atividade inseticida de Toona sureni (Blume Merr. foi avaliada considerando repelência, mortalidade e a produção de progênie de adultos F1 de Tribolium castaneum (Herbst, 1797 (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae. Extrato seco de sementes

  11. Bioactivity of Indonesian mahogany, Toona sureni (Blume (Meliaceae, against the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sahana Parvin

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available Bioactivity of Indonesian mahogany, Toona sureni (Blume (Meliaceae, against the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae. The insecticidal activity of Toona sureni (Blume Merr. was evaluated considering repellency, mortality and progeny production of F1 adults of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst, 1797 (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae. Dried extract of seeds of T. sureni was dissolved in acetone to prepare solution of various concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 2.5 and 5.0%. To test for repellency, the insects were exposed to treated filter paper. Mortality of larvae, pupae and adults was evaluated by the treatment of spraying the insects with different concentrations of T. sureni extract. Residual effect of the extract was also evaluated considering the production of progeny of F1 adults. The highest repellency (93.30% of T. castaneum occurred at the highest concentration (5.0% suspension of T. sureni; while the lowest (0.0% repellency occurred at 0.5% suspension after 1 day of treatment. The highest mortality against adults (86.71%, larvae (88.32% and pupae (85% occurred at 5% suspension at 8 days after application. There was a negative correlation between the concentrations of T. sureni and the production of F1 adult's progeny of T. castaneum. The highest number of progeny (147 of T. castaneum occurred in the control at 7 days after treatment; and the lowest number of progeny (43 occurred at 5.0% concentration in 1 day after treatment. The results show that T. sureni is toxic to T. castaneum and has the potential to control all stages of this insect in stored wheat.

  12. Short outlines of books by Estonian authors / Brita Melts, Rutt Hinrikus, Maire Iro and Maret Vaher

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2013-01-01

    Arvustus: Pärtna, Maarja. Läved ja tüved. Tallinn : Eesti Keele Sihtasutus, 2013 ; Sauter, Peeter. Ära jäta mind rahule. Tallinn : P. Sauter, 2012 ; Viiding, Elo. Teised. Tallinn : Tuum, 2012 ; Mathura. Kumalasepäev. Lelle : Allikaäärne, 2012 ; Kadastik, Mart. Kevad saabub sügisel. Tallinn : Varrak, 2013 ; Mutt, Mihkel. Kooparahvas läheb ajalukku. Tallinn : Fabian, 2012 ; Hargla, Indrek. Apteeker Melchior ja Pirita kägistaja. Tallinn : Varrak, 2013 ; Raud, Rein. Rekonstruktsioon. Tallinn : Mustvalge Kirjastus, 2012 ; Toona, Elin. Into exile : a life story of war and peace. Woodsville (N.H.) : Lakeshore Press, 2013 ; Berg, Maimu. Moemaja. Tartu : Petrone Print, 2012 ; Kareva, Doris, Rooste, Jürgen. Elutants. Tallinn : Verb, 2013 ; Ehin, Kristiina. Paleontoloogi päevaraamat. Tartu : Petrone Print, 2013 ; Maria Lee. Stereomeetria. Tallinn : Verb, 2012

  13. Propagação vegetativa de cedo-australiano (Toona ciliata M. Roemer por miniestaquia Vegetative propagation of Toona ciliata M. Roemer by the minicutting technique

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jonicélia Cristina Araújo Vieira de Souza

    2009-04-01

    Full Text Available O método de propagação usual do cedro-australiano (Toona ciliata é via seminal, entretanto a oferta sazonal das sementes e sua curta viabilidade ao longo do tempo representam um problema para a produção contínua de mudas destinadas à implantação de povoamentos. Este trabalho foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar a viabilidade da propagação vegetativa da espécie por miniestaquia e a necessidade da aplicação de acido indolbutírico (AIB para o enraizamento das miniestacas. A partir de um banco de estacas de origem seminal, foram obtidas brotações para produção de mudas clonais, em três diferentes épocas de coleta (2,5; 4,5; e 5,5 meses após a recepa das mudas. Antes do estaqueamento, as miniestacas tiveram suas bases imersas em quatro concentrações de AIB (0; 1.500; 3.000; e 4.500 mg L-1. Durante o experimento, obtiveram-se 100% de sobrevivência das minicepas e das miniestacas. Houve 100% de enraizamento das miniestacas nas três coletas, não ocorrendo diferença no comprimento de raízes em função das doses de auxina aplicadas. Quanto maior o intervalo entre as coletas e quanto maiores as brotações que originaram as miniestacas, maior a velocidade de crescimento das mudas. Miniestacas de cedro-australiano possuem capacidade de enraizamento, e mudas recepadas apresentam brotação, possibilitando a clonagem da espécie pelo processo de miniestaquia.Sexual propagation is the method commonly used for the Australian Red Cedar Toona ciliata. However, seasonal seed availability and short viability are a concern for the continuous offer of seeds for implantation. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the viability of vegetative propagation of this species through minicutting and to test indolbutiric acid (IBA application for rooting of minicuttings. Sprouts for clonal minicutting production were obtained from a miniclonal garden established from seeds, in three different harvest times (2.5; 4.5 and 5.5 months

  14. Effect of Household Solid Waste on Initial Growth Performance of Acacia auriculiformis and Cedrela toona in Mycorrhiza Inoculated Soil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    M.M. Abdullah-Al-Mamun

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available Solid waste disposal and management became one of the major environmental concerns in Bangladesh. Realising the problem, the present study has been undertaken with a view to find a sound and effective way of bio-degradable solid waste management. The study was carried out in the nursery of Institute of Forestry and Environmental Sciences at University of Chittagong to determine the effects of solid waste and waste inoculated with mycorrhizal soil on initial growth performance of Acacia auriculiformis and Cedrela toona. Before planting the seedlings, decomposable waste and mycorrhiza inoculated decomposable waste were placed on the planting holes. Physical growth parameters of seedlings (shoot and root length, leaf and branch number, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root and nodulation status and the macro nutrients (N, P and K were recorded after six months of planting. The highest performance of physical parameters was recorded in the soil treated by mycorrhiza inoculated waste. Cedrela toona was represented by maximum nutrients uptake (N-2.60%, P-0.21% and K-2.34% respectively in the soil treated with mycorrhiza. In case of Acacia auriculiformis, N uptake was maximum (3.02% in control while K uptake was highest (1.27% in soil with waste and P (0.18% uptake was highest in the soil treated with mycorrhiza inoculated waste. Highest initial growth performance was revealed by seedlings treated with mycorrhiza inoculated waste. This study suggested to use mycorrhiza and waste for plantation purposes for hygienic disposal of solid waste and to reduce cost of cultivation.

  15. De Novo Assembly and Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Provide Insight into Lysine Biosynthesis in Toona sinensis Roem.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Xia; Song, Zhenqiao; Liu, Tian; Guo, Linlin; Li, Xingfeng

    2016-01-01

    Toona sinensis Roem is a popular leafy vegetable in Chinese cuisine and is also used as a traditional Chinese medicine. In this study, leaf samples were collected from the same plant on two development stages and then used for high-throughput Illumina RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq). 125,884 transcripts and 54,628 unigenes were obtained through de novo assembly. A total of 25,570 could be annotated with known biological functions, which indicated that the T. sinensis leaves and shoots were undergoing multiple developmental processes especially for active metabolic processes. Analysis of differentially expressed unigenes between the two libraries showed that the lysine biosynthesis was an enriched KEGG pathway, and candidate genes involved in the lysine biosynthesis pathway in T. sinensis leaves and shoots were identified. Our results provide a primary analysis of the gene expression files of T. sinensis leaf and shoot on different development stages and afford a valuable resource for genetic and genomic research on plant lysine biosynthesis.

  16. Kuidas sünnib pealkiri? / Pärt Lias

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Lias, Pärt

    2002-01-01

    Pealkiri, pühendus, moto, joonealune märge, ees- ja järelsõna on teose teksti manused, mis ei kuulu otse teksti, kuid selgitavad, täiendavad ja täpsustavad seda. Gerard Genette on need teksti lisandid koondanud üldnimetuse paratekstid alla. Eesti kirjanikud vastavad Pärt Liase küsimusele oma teoste pealkirjade saamisloo kohta: Aimee Beekman, Henn-Kaarel Hellat, Joel Sang ja Arvo Mägi (4); Lennart Meri, Heino Kiik ja Fanny de Sivers (5); Helga Nõu, Ülle Kauksi, Maie Kalda ja Cornelius Hasselblatt (6); Debora Vaarandi, Vaino Vahing, Arved Viirlaid ja Wimberg (7); Vahur Afanasjev, Matt Barker, Andrus Kivirähk, Jürgen Rooste ja Contra (8); Elin Toona, Jaak Rähesoo, Enn Soosaar, Juhan Peegel ja Toomas Kall (9); Kerttu Rakke, Aare Pilv, Aarne Ruben, Indrek Hargla, Jan Kaus ja Karen Orlau (10); Ene Mihkelson, Mats Traat ja Boriss Baljasnõi (11); Maimu Berg, Ain Kaalep, Enn Nõu ja Madis Kõiv (12)

  17. E-line: A new crystal collimator beam line for source size measurements at CHESS

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    White, Jeffrey A.; Revesz, Peter; Finkelstein, Ken

    2007-01-01

    A new X-ray beam line has been constructed at cornell high energy synchrotron source (CHESS) to measure the vertical and horizontal source size of the positron particle beam. The cornell laboratory of elementary particle physics (LEPP) operates the storage ring (CESR) for X-ray generation for the CHESS user community by circulating electrons and their antimatter counterpart positrons in counter-rotating beams. As the laboratory reduces the emittances of particle beams to increase X-ray brilliance, there has been an increasing need for diagnostic tools to measure and monitor source size. A beam line front end that accesses the positron synchrotron light has been fitted with an experimental chamber and apparatus of compact design capable of horizontal and vertical source size measurement using the 'crystal collimator' technique, and an additional setup for vertical beam position monitoring using a luminescence-based X-ray video beam position monitoring system. The crystal collimators each consist of two Si(2 2 0) crystals in a dispersive (+,+) arrangement that diffract X-rays to a fluorescent material coated on a view port observed with a CCD camera. Measurements of the positron vertical beam size using the crystal collimation method at E-line are compared with measurements of visible synchrotron light at a remotely located dedicated port on the storage ring

  18. E-line: A new crystal collimator beam line for source size measurements at CHESS

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    White, Jeffrey A. [CHESS, Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850-8001 (United States)], E-mail: jaw7@cornell.edu; Revesz, Peter; Finkelstein, Ken [CHESS, Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850-8001 (United States)

    2007-11-11

    A new X-ray beam line has been constructed at cornell high energy synchrotron source (CHESS) to measure the vertical and horizontal source size of the positron particle beam. The cornell laboratory of elementary particle physics (LEPP) operates the storage ring (CESR) for X-ray generation for the CHESS user community by circulating electrons and their antimatter counterpart positrons in counter-rotating beams. As the laboratory reduces the emittances of particle beams to increase X-ray brilliance, there has been an increasing need for diagnostic tools to measure and monitor source size. A beam line front end that accesses the positron synchrotron light has been fitted with an experimental chamber and apparatus of compact design capable of horizontal and vertical source size measurement using the 'crystal collimator' technique, and an additional setup for vertical beam position monitoring using a luminescence-based X-ray video beam position monitoring system. The crystal collimators each consist of two Si(2 2 0) crystals in a dispersive (+,+) arrangement that diffract X-rays to a fluorescent material coated on a view port observed with a CCD camera. Measurements of the positron vertical beam size using the crystal collimation method at E-line are compared with measurements of visible synchrotron light at a remotely located dedicated port on the storage ring.

  19. Quantitative Analysis and Comparison of Four Major Flavonol Glycosides in the Leaves of Toona sinensis (A. Juss.) Roemer (Chinese Toon) from Various Origins by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detector and Hierarchical Clustering Analysis

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sun, Xiaoxiang; Zhang, Liting; Cao, Yaqi; Gu, Qinying; Yang, Huan; Tam, James P.

    2016-01-01

    Background: Toona sinensis (A. Juss.) Roemer is an endemic species of Toona genus native to Asian area. Its dried leaves are applied in the treatment of many diseases; however, few investigations have been reported for the quantitative analysis and comparison of major bioactive flavonol glycosides in the leaves harvested from various origins. Objective: To quantitatively analyze four major flavonol glycosides including rutinoside, quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnoside, and kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnoside in the leaves from different production sites and classify them according to the content of these glycosides. Materials and Methods: A high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) method for their simultaneous determination was developed and validated for linearity, precision, accuracy, stability, and repeatability. Moreover, the method established was then employed to explore the difference in the content of these four glycosides in raw materials. Finally, a hierarchical clustering analysis was performed to classify 11 voucher specimens. Results: The separation was performed on a Waters XBridge Shield RP18 column (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 3.5 μm) kept at 35°C, and acetonitrile and H2O containing 0.30% trifluoroacetic acid as mobile phase was driven at 1.0 mL/min during the analysis. Ten microliters of solution were injected and 254 nm was selected to monitor the separation. A strong linear relationship between the peak area and concentration of four analytes was observed. And, the method was also validated to be repeatable, stable, precise, and accurate. Conclusion: An efficient and reliable HPLC-DAD method was established and applied in the assays for the samples from 11 origins successfully. Moreover, the content of those flavonol glycosides varied much among different batches, and the flavonoids could be considered as biomarkers to control the quality of Chinese Toon. SUMMARY Four major flavonol glycosides in the leaves

  20. Información relevante que pasa a ser anecdótica: aerinita en las pinturas murales románicas de San Martín de Elines (Cantabria

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    M. Rosa Tera Saavedra

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Ante la dificultad de consultar datos materiales y analíticas provenientes de intervenciones existentes relacionadas con el Patrimonio Cultural, el presente artículo plantea la necesidad de establecer parámetros normalizados y accesibles que aglutinen información de memorias técnicas. Como ejemplo de la funcionalidad que podría derivarse de esta propuesta se analiza cómo podría beneficiar su uso en el caso de las pinturas románicas de San Martín de Elines (Cantabria cuya analítica de materiales presenta dos parámetros fuera del contexto geográfico donde están ubicadas y que las relaciona matéricamente con las pinturas románicas del Valle del Boí.

  1. [Viewing of horror and violence videos by adolescence. A study of speech samples of video consumers with the Gottschalk-Gleser Speech Content analysis].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hopf, H; Weiss, R H

    1996-01-01

    In 1990 pupils of different schools in Württemberg were interviewed about their television and video consumption. It turned out that a high percentage of mainly male pupils of Hauptschulen (upper division of elementary schools) and special schools excessively and regularly consumed films which were on the index (X-rated) or seized depicting horror and violence. Subsequent to the inquiry through questionnaires and different personality tests, speech samples of 51 test persons were recorded on tape. 5 speech samples had to be excluded from further investigation since they contained less than 70 words. The transcribed and anonymized records were examined according to the Gottschalk-Gleser content analysis of verbal behavior, and two groups of so-called seldom lookers (n = 22) and frequent lookers (n = 24) were compared to each other. The frequent lookers significantly often reported about film contents which presumably means that their imagination is more restricted and less productive than that of the other group. In addition, this group of frequent lookers had significantly higher scores concerning death anxiety and guilt anxiety. With regard to hostility affects, their scores were also significantly raised concerning outward-overt hostility, outward-covert hostility, and ambivalent hostility. Probably the group of frequent lookers comprised more test persons with relationship disorders, with borderline risks, dissocial personality features, and problems to cope with their aggressiveness. So they show on the one hand a raised affinity to watch such films, but simultaneously unconscious and conscious learning processes take place which stimulate further aggressive fantasies (and possibly also actions).

  2. Quercetin Isolated from Toona sinensis Leaves Attenuates Hyperglycemia and Protects Hepatocytes in High-Carbohydrate/High-Fat Diet and Alloxan Induced Experimental Diabetic Mice

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yali Zhang

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available The development of diabetes mellitus is related to oxidant stress induced by a high carbohydrate/high-fat diet (HFD. Quercetin, as a major bioactive component in Toona sinensis leaves (QTL, is a natural antioxidant. However, the exact mechanism by which QTL ameliorate diabetes mellitus is still unknown. In this study, we investigated the hypoglycemic effects and hepatocytes protection of QTL on HFD and alloxan induced diabetic mice. Intragastric administration of QTL significantly reduced body weight gain, serum glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase serum levels compared to those of diabetic mice. Furthermore, it significantly attenuated oxidative stress, as determined by lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide content, and inducible nitric oxide synthase activity and as a result attenuated liver injury. QTL also significantly suppressed the diabetes-induced activation of the p65/NF-κB and ERK1/2/MAPK pathways, as well as caspase-9 and caspase-3 levels in liver tissues of diabetic mice. Finally, micrograph analysis of liver samples showed decreased cellular organelle injury in hepatocytes of QTL treated mice. Taken together, QTL can be viewed as a promising dietary agent that can be used to reduce the risk of diabetes mellitus and its secondary complications by ameliorating oxidative stress in the liver.

  3. [Fitness of sexual reproduction of Toona ciliata var. pubescens natural populations and their sexual reproduction and regeneration].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Huang, Hong Lan; Zhang, Lu; Jia, Li Ming; Liang, Yue-Long; Cai, Jun Huo

    2018-04-01

    To examine the reproduction fitness coefficients and individual-level fitness of Toona ciliata var. pubescens, their sexual reproduction and natural regeneration were investigated during 2006-2016, with four natural populations in Jiulianshan National Reserve as test objects. The results showed that there were only 2-10 trees for the natural populations of T. ciliata var. pubescens with a small initial number of fruiting plants (3-9 trees), which were from the initial fruiting plants or their first/second generation. The sexual reproduction of these isolated populations were significantly different, and their seed production capacities tended to decline over time. With the maturing of communities, soil seed banks and seed germinations were extremely poor, and the number of trees that could be growing to mature stage was nearly zero. The optimum maturity age of T. ciliata var. pubescens was about 40 a, and the fitness coefficients (2.0-2.8) rapidly increased in early development stage, but then was sharply reduced (0.3-0.5), and then gradually dropped to almost 0. There were significant differences in the fitness at individual level (0-14 tree·cm -2 ) among different populations, but their values were low (close to zero). Based on the existing reproduction rate, the actual values of sexual reproduction and regeneration fitness were much lower than the predicted ones. Due to the low level of genetic fitness, the sexual reproductive ability of different populations all showed decreasing trends. The natural sexual regeneration ability tended to decline, while the fitness of T. ciliata var. pubescens further decreased. All those factors suggested higher investment risks. Therefore, the systems of sexual reproduction became unbalanced and deteriorating. We proposed that more studies, including breeding mating, pollination, seed setting, and genetic diversity evaluation, are needed. Moreover, we should provide suitable forest environment through cleaning up litter in the

  4. CAN GENETIC VARIATIONS IN THE DEPLETION PROCESS OF STARCH STOCKS BE DRIVING CONTEMPORARY MICROEVOLUTION IN Toona ciliataVAR. australis?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Aureo Aparecido Abreu Junior

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available A simple method to establish a relationship between physiological responses of plants and thermal stresses is by quantifying the number of parenchyma cells with remaining starch stocks. The knowledge of the dynamic of starch depletion can be achieved by using statistical models such as thermal performance curves (TPC. The aim of this study was to quantify radial parenchyma cells with remaining starch stocks in order to evaluate changes in TPC regarding increases in temperature over seedlings of Toona ciliata (Australian Red cedar, in different heat induced treatments of matching both exposure time and temperature; besides of the assessment of variations in the TPC’s and also to understand whether these changes are over genetic control. We used a protocol of heat induced treatment in the stems of the seedlings, anatomical cuts and staining with neutral red for the commercial clone BV1120, which was used as template to fit polynomial curves of TPC. After these mathematical fits and validation of these models with lignotubers of Eucalyptus urophylla, we defined a depletion time of 50% (TD50 from the starch stocks for each thermal treatment, so we could compare the performance for the others five commercial clones: BV1110, BV1121, BV1151, BV1210 and BV1321. The R2 values were all above 85%. Results indicated that clone BV1110 had the highest value for remaining starch stocks at all heat induced treatments, in contrast to the clone BV1210, which had the lowest values for remaining starch stocks. The variation of the starch content indicates high values of broad-sense heritability, ranging from 97,43 to 98,48%, suggesting a possible contemporary microevolution process undergoing in Australian Red cedar. Thus, further selections can help improving the tolerance of Australian Red cedar to increasing temperatures on the environment.

  5. RESPON BIBIT SURIAN (Toona sinensis (Juss, M. Roem. TERHADAP INOKULASI BEBERAPA DOSIS FUNGI MIKORIZA ARBUSKULA PADA MEDIA TANAH ULTISOL YANG DICAMPUR PUPUK KOMPOS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Feby Zulya

    2016-09-01

    Full Text Available AbstrakPenelitian tentang pertumbuhan bibit surian (Toona sinensis (Juss, M. Roem pada tanah ultisol yang dicampur pupuk kompos dengan penambahan Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula (FMA telah dilakukan pada bulan November 2014 sampai April 2015 di Rumah Kaca dan Laboratorium Fisiologi Tumbuhan, Jurusan Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Andalas, Padang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan bibit surian pada media tanah ultisol yang dicampur pupuk kompos dengan penambahan FMA. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL dengan 4 perlakuan dan 6 ulangan. Perlakuannya adalah tanpa inokulasi (hanya pupuk organik, 5 g inokulan per tanaman, 10 g inokulan per tanaman, 15 g inokulan per tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan bibit surian pada media tanah ultisol yang dicampur pupuk kompos dengan penambahan FMA memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap pertambahan diameter batang.Abstract Study on the seedling growth of surian inoculated with some doses of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF on ultisol mixed compost has been conducted from November 2014 until February 2015 in the Greenhouse and Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Andalas University, Padang. The aim of this study was to find the growth of surian seedling that inoculated with some dosages of AMF on ultisol mixed compost. The study used a Completely Randomized Design with four treatments and six replications. The treatments were done without inoculation, 5 g inoculants/ plant, 10 g inoculants/ plant, 15 g inoculants/ plant. Result of this study indicated that AMF given on ultisol soil gave significant effect on increasing stem diameter of surian seedlings.

  6. Quercitrin from Toona sinensis (Juss. M.Roem. Attenuates Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Toxicity in HepG2 Cells and Mice through Induction of Antioxidant Machinery and Inhibition of Inflammation

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Van-Long Truong

    2016-07-01

    Full Text Available Quercitrin is found in many kinds of vegetables and fruits, and possesses various bioactive properties. The aim of the present study was to elucidate hepatoprotective mechanisms of quercitrin isolated from Toona sinensis (Juss. M.Roem. (syn. Cedrela sinensis Juss., using acetaminophen (APAP-treated HepG2 cell and animal models. In an in vitro study, quercitrin suppressed the production of reactive oxygen species and enhanced expression of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2, activity of antioxidant response element (ARE-reporter gene, and protein levels of NADPH: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1, catalase (CAT, glutathione peroxidase (GPx, and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD-2 in APAP-treated HepG2 cells. In an in vivo study, Balb/c mice were orally administered with 10 or 50 mg/kg of quercitrin for 7 days and followed by the injection with single dose of 300 mg/kg APAP. Quercitrin decreased APAP-caused elevation of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels, liver necrosis, the expression of pro-inflammatory factors including inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase 2 and inerleukin-1β, and phosphorylation of kinases including c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38. Quercitrin restored protein levels of Nrf2, NQO1 and activities and expressions of CAT, GPx, SOD-2. The results suggested that quercitrin attenuates APAP-induced liver damage by the activation of defensive genes and the inhibition of pro-inflammatory genes via the suppressions of JNK and p38 signaling.

  7. [Edge effects of forest gap in Pinus massoniana plantations on the decomposition of leaf litter recalcitrant components of Cinnamomum camphora and Toona ciliata.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Yan; Zhang, Dan Ju; Li, Xun; Liu, Hua; Zhang, Ming Jin; Yang, Wan Qin; Zhang, Jian

    2016-04-22

    The objective of the study was to evaluate the dynamics of recalcitrant components during foliar litter decomposition under edge effects of forest gap in Pinus massoniana plantations in the low hilly land, Sichuan basin. A field litterbag experiment was conducted in seven forest gaps with different sizes (100, 225, 400, 625, 900, 1225, 1600 m 2 ) which were generated by thinning P. massoniana plantations. The degradation rate of four recalcitrant components, i.e., condensed tannins, total phenol, lignin and cellulose in foliar litter of two native species (Cinnamomum camphora and Toona ciliata) at the gap edge and under the closed canopy were measured. The results showed that the degradation rate of recalcitrant components in T. ciliata litter except for cellulose at the gap edge were significantly higher than that under the closed canopy. For C. camphora litter, only the degradation of lignin at the gap edge was higher than that under the closed canopy. After one-year decomposition, four recalcitrant components in two types of foliar litter exhibited an increment of degradation rate, and the degradation rate of condensed tannin was the fastest, followed by total phenol and cellulose, but the lignin degradation rate was the slowest. With the increase of gap size, except for cellulose, the degradation rate ofthe other three recalcitrant components of the T. ciliata at the edge of medium sized gaps (400 and 625 m 2 ) were significantly higher than at the edge of other gaps. However, lignin in the C. camphora litter at the 625 m 2 gap edge showed the greatest degradation rate. Both temperature and litter initial content were significantly correlated with litter recalcitrant component degradation. Our results suggested that medium sized gaps (400-625 m 2 ) had a more significant edge effect on the degradation of litter recalcitrant components in the two native species in P. massoniana plantations, however, the effect also depended on species.

  8. Time-REferenced data Kriging (TREK): mapping hydrological statistics given their time of reference

    Science.gov (United States)

    Porcheron, Delphine; Leblois, Etienne; Sauquet, Eric

    2016-04-01

    A major issue in water sciences is to predict runoff parameters at ungauged sites. Estimates can be obtained by various methods. Among them, geostatistical approaches provide interpolation methods that consequently use explicit assumptions on the variable of interest. Geostatistical techniques have been applied to precipitation and temperature fields and later extended to estimate runoff features considered as basin-support variates along the river network (e.g. Gottschalk, 1993; Sauquet et al., 2000; Skoien et al., 2006; Gottschalk et al., 2011). To obtain robust estimations, the first step is to collect a relevant dataset. Sauquet et al. (2000) and Sauquet (2006) suggest including a large number of catchments with long and common observation periods to ensure both reliability and temporal consistency in runoff estimates. However most observation networks evolve with time. Several choices are thus possible to define an optimal reference period maximizing either spatial or temporal overlap. However, the constraints usually lead to discard a significant number of stations. Time-REferenced data Kriging method (TREK) has been developed to overcome this issue. Here is proposed a method of geostatistical estimation considering the temporal support over which a hydrological statistic has been estimated. This allows attenuating the loss of data previously caused by the application of a strict reference period. The time reference remains for the targeted map itself. The weights depend on the observation period of the data included in the dataset and how near this is to the target period. In this presentation, the concepts of TREK will be introduced and thereafter illustrated to map mean annual runoff in France. References Gottschalk, L., 1993, Correlation and covariance of runoff. Stochastic Hydrology and Hydraulics 7(2), 85-101. Sauquet, E., Gottschalk, L. and Leblois, E., 2000, Mapping average annual runoff: a hierarchical approach applying a stochastic interpolation

  9. Chest wall reconstruction with acellular dermal matrix (Strattice™) and a TRAM flap

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Brunbjerg, Mette Eline; Juhl, Alexander Andersen; Damsgaard, Tine Engberg

    2014-01-01

    Mette Eline Brunbjerg, Alexander Andersen Juhl, Tine E. Damsgaard. "Chest wall reconstruction with acellular dermal matrix (Strattice™) and a TRAM flap.” Acta Oncol. 2013 Jun;52(5):1052-4. Epub 2012 Oct 24. PMID: 23095144......Mette Eline Brunbjerg, Alexander Andersen Juhl, Tine E. Damsgaard. "Chest wall reconstruction with acellular dermal matrix (Strattice™) and a TRAM flap.” Acta Oncol. 2013 Jun;52(5):1052-4. Epub 2012 Oct 24. PMID: 23095144...

  10. Methodological issues in testing the marginal productivity theory

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    P.T. Gottschalk (Peter); J. Tinbergen (Jan)

    1982-01-01

    textabstractPrevious tests of the marginal productivity theory have been criticized on several grounds reviewed by the authors. One important deficiency has been the small number of factor inputs entered in the production functions. In 1978 Gottschalk suggested a method to estimate production

  11. Koger: Pärnu teehanke nurjas riik. Ametnikud omal süüd ei näe / Kaisa Tahlfeld ; kommenteerinud Sven Pertens

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Tahlfeld, Kaisa

    2011-01-01

    Pärnu poolelijäänud ringtee riigihankel osaleb ka Läti ettevõte Binders, kes võitis toona tellimuse koos Koger & Partneritega. Koger & Partnerid süüdistab riiki ümbersõidu ehituse peatamises

  12. Unravelling hazards of nanoparticles to earthworms, from gene to population

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Ploeg, van der M.

    2013-01-01

    Nanotechnology is an expeditiously growing field, where engineered nanoparticles are being incorporated in many different applications, from food to waste water treatment (Dekkers et al. 2011; Gottschalk and Nowack 2011; Savage and Diallo 2005). Due to this large scale production and use of

  13. Anti-cancer and antioxidant properties of phenolics isolated from ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Results: The extract contained 36.02 ± 0.24 mg of gallic acid equiv/g dry ... Keywords: Toona sinensis, Phenolics, Antioxidants, HepG2 cells, Anti- ... EXPERIMENTAL .... Figure 2: Time kinetics and dose-response of hydrophilic antioxidant ...

  14. Viis aastat Saviliiva kinnisvarakingitusest. Sundüürnikele läks vaid veidi enam kui veerand elamistest / Kristina Traks

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Traks, Kristina, 1976-

    2011-01-01

    Viis aastat tagasi võitis 214 peret võimaluse osta eluase Tallinnas Kakumäel Saviliiva elamurajoonis. Toona läks 214 majast või korterist sundüürnikele vaid 64. Praeguseks pole enamik loosivõitjaid oma elukohta vahetanud

  15. Meeldis. Mõjus. Mis edasi? / Mati Unt

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Unt, Mati, 1944-2005

    2004-01-01

    Artiklis räägitakse peamiselt Evald Hermaküla lavastusest "Tuul Olümposelt tuhka tõi" (Eesti Draamateater, 1986), mis pakkus Mati Undile toona viimase aja suurima teatrielamuse, aga ka sellest, et teatrisemiootikud pole senini saavutanud üksmeelt, mis on ikkagi etenduse segment

  16. Anti-cancer and antioxidant properties of phenolics isolated from ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Purpose: To investigate the antioxidant and anticancer activities of phenolics from the leaf extract of Toona sinensis (TS). Methods: Acetone leaf extract of TS was screened for total phenolic and flavanoid contents, and the flanonoids were subjected to high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) analysis. Antioxidant ...

  17. Production of oriented strand board using four wood species from forest plantations

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Setsuo Iwakiri

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using wood of Acrocarpus fraxinifolius, grevílea robusta, Melia azedarach, Toona ciliata, and mixture of these species for OSB manufacturing. The panels were produced in the laboratory with a nominal density of 0.80 g / cm ³, using phenol-formaldehyde resin in an amount of 6% of solid resin. There were evaluated the properties of water absorption and thickness swelling - 2 and 24 hours, internal bond, modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture in the parallel and perpendicular direction, according to EN standards. The OSB panels produced with four species and the mixture of these species showed average values of mechanical properties above the minimum standard established by the CSA 437/1993. The results of the physical and mechanical properties obtained indicate the feasibility of the use of wood of Acrocarpus fraxinifolius, grevílea robusta, Melia azedarach and Toona ciliata, and mixture of these species for OSB manufacturing.

  18. Comparison of Geant4 multiple Coulomb scattering models with theory for radiotherapy protons.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Makarova, Anastasia; Gottschalk, Bernard; Sauerwein, Wolfgang

    2017-07-06

    Usually, Monte Carlo models are validated against experimental data. However, models of multiple Coulomb scattering (MCS) in the Gaussian approximation are exceptional in that we have theories which are probably more accurate than the experiments which have, so far, been done to test them. In problems directly sensitive to the distribution of angles leaving the target, the relevant theory is the Molière/Fano/Hanson variant of Molière theory (Gottschalk et al 1993 Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 74 467-90). For transverse spreading of the beam in the target itself, the theory of Preston and Koehler (Gottschalk (2012 arXiv:1204.4470)) holds. Therefore, in this paper we compare Geant4 simulations, using the Urban and Wentzel models of MCS, with theory rather than experiment, revealing trends which would otherwise be obscured by experimental scatter. For medium-energy (radiotherapy) protons, and low-Z (water-like) target materials, Wentzel appears to be better than Urban in simulating the distribution of outgoing angles. For beam spreading in the target itself, the two models are essentially equal.

  19. Birma sõjavägi jätkab protestide mahasurumist toore jõuga / Karin Dean

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Dean, Karin

    2007-01-01

    Sõjaväe ja meeleavaldajate kokkupõrgetest Birmas, armee rünnakutest kloostritele ja protestijatele, mille tulemusel on hukkunuid. ÜRO ja EL-i hukkamõistvast suhtumisest. Lisa: Sõjaväeline Birma

  20. Pärnu kunstnikud tagasi kodus / Sandra Jõgeva

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Jõgeva, Sandra, 1976-

    2011-01-01

    Pärnust pärit kunstnike näitus "Tagasi koju" Pärnu Linnagaleriis 13. augustini 2011. Kuraator Mari Kartau, kunstnikud Kaarel Kurismaa, Mari Kurismaa, Malle Leis, Marco Laimre, Maiu Rõõmus, Flo Kasearu, Elin Kard

  1. Annual Report of the Assembly of Mathematical and Physical Sciences for Calendar Year 1978 (January 1, 1978 - December 31, 1978).

    Science.gov (United States)

    1978-01-01

    Colin B. Bull (1980) College of Mathematical and Physical Bruce A. Taft (1981) Science Department of Oceanography Ohio State University Washington...Gottschalk, Joseph Kestin (1981) and Richard W. Kline Division of Engineering Department of Energy Brown University (Engineering) Harold E. Bamford ...Research and Engineering (Climate dynamics, international Laboratory cooperation) (Arctic ecology, soil science) George Gryc (1981) Colin B. Bull (1980

  2. 9. VII avati Hobusepea galeriis...

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2003-01-01

    Elin Kardi kureeritud näitus "Chart" - üks 2003. a. Eesti Maalikunstnike Liidu aastanäituse sarja projektidest. Väljas olevad tööd vahetuvad kord nädalas vastavalt saavutatud kohtadele publiku koostatavas "maalikunsti edetabelis"

  3. Anti-t B toxopla Balsam asma g mocitru gondii us cam activit merune ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    SAM

    and for fever, dyspepsia, cholera, Carminative and stomachic ... system diseases (Lewis and Elin-Lewis, 1977; Metou et al., 1988 ... yielded a yellow-brown residue (31.5 g). A part (30 g) ..... Surveillance for AIDS-defining opportunistic illnesses ...

  4. EKL aastanäitus

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2005-01-01

    "Tehnobia" Tallinna Kunstihoones 26. V-16. VII 2006. Kuraator Leonhard Lapin. Ideekavandid esitada Eesti Kunstnike Liidu büroosse 27. I 2006. "Kurja lilled/Flowers of evil" Hobusepea ja Draakoni galeriis 16. VIII-4. IX 2006. Projekti kuraator Elin Kard

  5. Data of evolutionary structure change: 1DDJB-2FODA [Confc[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available 1DDJB-2FODA 1DDJ 2FOD B A SFDCGKPQVEPKKCPGRVVGGCVAHPHSWPWQVSLRTR-...in>A 2FODA SLQYRSGSSWAHT E...line> 2FOD A 2FODA...A 347 ARG CA 265 2FOD A 2FODA... A 2FODA HCVDR---ELTFR

  6. Australian toon planted in Hawaii: tree quality, growth, and stocking

    Science.gov (United States)

    Herbert L. Wick; Robert E. Nelson; Libert K. Landgraf

    1971-01-01

    Tree quality and rates of growth and survival were higher in 5- to 8-year-old Australian toon (Toona australis) plantations on sites with deep soils, good drainage, and as or broken pahoehoe rock than in plantations on sites with poor drainage or unbroken pahoehoe rock. Stocking averaged 236 trees per acre. Spacing in initial plants should be about 6...

  7. A spacing trial in Australian Toon ... an interim report

    Science.gov (United States)

    Herbert L. Wick; Robert E. Burgan

    1970-01-01

    Australian toon (Toona australis) was planted at four spacing intervals-6, 8, 10, and 12 feet-in a trial on the island of Hawaii. Measurement of 8-year-old trees showed that spacing interval did not affect diameter or height growth or survival; but basal area per acre decreased as spacing increased. A goal of 400 acceptable and desirable pole-sized...

  8. Vegetables, Coctails & Reflections / Marco Laimre

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Laimre, Marko, 1968-

    2006-01-01

    Pealkirja "Vegetables, Coctails & Reflections" kandis Tallinna Kunstihoones 8.04.-28.05.2006 avatud Elin Kardi, Marko Mäetamme, Marco Laimre ja Andres Tali ühisnäitusel "Vägivald ja propaganda" Marco Laimre installatsioon. Marco Laimre esinemine raadiosaates "kunst.er" Klassikaraadios 16.04.2006

  9. A GIS-based model of Serengeti grassland bird species | Gottschalk ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    The study was conducted on the Serengeti Plains, Tanzania, combining (1) records from a bird survey, (2) local measurements of vegetation structure and precipitation, and (3) a habitat map derived from a Landsat satellite image classification. The question of whether ground-based or satellite data explained more of the ...

  10. Marko Mäetamme tekst ülekuulamiselt = Marko Mäetamm's confession, made during an interrogation / Marko Mäetamm

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Mäetamm, Marko, 1965-

    2006-01-01

    Marko Mäetamme esinemine raadiosaates "kunst.er" Klassikaraadios 16.04.2006. Oma töödest Tallinna Kunstihoones 8.04.-28.05.2006 avatud Elin Kardi, Marko Mäetamme, Marco Laimre ja Andres Tali ühisnäitusel "Vägivald ja propaganda", Emergency Biennale'ist, osalemisest sellel

  11. Mäss põhjusega : kortermaja Silodamil Amsterdamis / Klaske Havik

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Havik, Klaske, 1975-

    2002-01-01

    Büroo MVRDV suurim elamuprojekt. Arhitektid Winy Maas, Jacob van Rijs, Nathalie de Vries, kaasa töötasid Frans de Witte, Willem Timmer, Eline Strijkers, Bernd Felsinger, Duzan Koepel. Viis võistlustöö kaasautorit. Hoone paikneb kai tipus, on ehitatud vette postide peale. Ill.: 7 plaani, 11 vaadet

  12. "ArtGenda" erobert Hamburg / Anders Härm

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Härm, Anders, 1977-

    2002-01-01

    7.-23. VI Hamburgis Läänemere-äärsete linnade noorte kunstnike biennaal "ArtGenda". Eestist osalevad projektides rühmitus Valie Export Society (Killu Sukmit, Mari Laanemets, Kadi Estland), rühmitus Tiit Sokk (Ulvi Tiit, Marili Sokk), ESTO TV (Ken & Tolk, Andres Maimik), Elin Kard, Aivar Tõnso, Kiwa

  13. The loop of Henle as the milestone of mammalian kindey concentrating ability: a historical review.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Koulouridis, Efstathios; Koulouridis, Ioannis

    2014-01-01

    The first description of the renal tubules is attributed to Lorenzo Bellini in 1662 and four years later Marcello Malpighi described the glomerulus. In 1842 Sir William Bowman described the capsule that surrounds the Malpighian body and its connection with the renal tubule and introduced the "excretory" hypothesis of urine formation. In the same year, Carl Ludwig introduced the "filtration-reabsorption" hypothesis of urine formation. Bowman's hypothesis was accepted by the so-called "vitalists" and Ludwig's hypothesis by the so-called "mechanists". In the middle of this confliction, Jacob Henle described in 1862 the homonymous "U" shaped loop but his discovery has neglected. In 1942 Werner Kuhn, a physical chemist, proposed that the loop of Henle may be the natural analog of the hairpin countercurrent multiplication system which concentrates urine in mammalian kidneys. In 1951 Kuhn, Hargitay and Wirz showed experimentally that the loop of Henle was the most important part of the countercurrent multiplication system of urine-concentrating mechanism in mammalian kidneys. The new theory was accepted by English-speaking scientists later, in 1958, when Carl Gottschalk and Margaret Mylle published their experimental work and proved that Kuhn's theory was correct. Gottschalk summarized the evidence of the accumulated knowledge in 1962, three centuries after the first description of renal tubules and one century after description of Henle's loop.

  14. Andres Tali sõnavõtt ettekannete päeval = Andres Tali's speech given on the lecture day / Andres Tali

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Tali, Andres, 1956-

    2006-01-01

    Kaasaegse Kunsti Eesti Keskuse ettekannete päev "Kunstnike moraalsed valikud kultuurikonfliktides" 27.04.2006 Tallinna Kunstihoones. Oma installatsioonist "Pastoraalne pastishsh" ning videost "Vägivald ja propaganda - The Movie" samas 8.04.-28.05.2006 avatud Elin Kardi, Marko Mäetamme, Marco Laimre ja Andres Tali ühisnäitusel "Vägivald ja propaganda"

  15. 1. II avati Rotermanni soolalao kunstimuuseumi näitusesaalis...

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2005-01-01

    Marco Laimre kuraatorinäitus "Hääled". Väljas on Oskar Kallise, Jaan Toomiku, Rainer Jancise, Elmar Kitse, Evald Okase, Melissa Gordoni (UK), Eduard Wiiralti, Jasper Zoova, Leili Muuga, Marko Mäetamme, Ene-Liis Semperi, Ado Vabbe, Elin Kardi, Kiwa, Peeter Alliku, Kaja Kärneri, Jüri Arraku, Kadi Estlandi ja Ülo Soosteri tööd

  16. Hetkebuklett kunstist Pärnus / Tiiu Leis

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Leis, Tiiu

    1998-01-01

    Nelja maalikunstniku ئ Kostabi, Navitrolla, Van der Blut, Kaljo Simson ئ näitusest Caplini keskuses; Jelgava kunstnike (Lolita Zikmane, Kalvis Zuters, Edvin Kalnieks, Ieva Vitola) näitusest Linnagaleriis; näitus "Musik in der Kunzt" teatri palmisaalis, kus Urmas Uustal (1963), Elin Kard, Kristiina Väljamäe interpreteerivad muusikat installatsioonide, maalide ja söejooniste kaudu

  17. Kunstnike Liidu volikogu koosolek toimus 20. X Ku-Ku klubis

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2003-01-01

    Kinnitati EKLi 2004. a. eelarve, selle toetustest. Harry Liivrand tutvustas Kunstihoone ja selle galerii, Reet Varblane Linnagalerii, Elin Kard Hobusepea ja Draakoni galerii 2004. a. näituseplaane. Ateljee Vabaduse väljak 6-35 otsustati anda rendile Ülle Marksile, ateljee Ristiku 27 müüa Rafael Arutjunjanile. EKLi uued liikmed: Andrus Joonas, Alice Kask, Hermes Sarapuu, Epp Viires, Kristel Sibul

  18. Vaikuse ääremail / Teet Veispak

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Veispak, Teet, 1955-

    2006-01-01

    2006. a. Tallinnas Kaasaegse Kunsti Eesti Keskuselt ilmunud Andreas Trosseki toimetatud artiklikogumikust "Uue nimetaja otsinguid aastal 2000+n : lisandusi eesti kunstiloole", mis sisaldab 2005. a. novembris peetud ettekannete päeval "Roheline, toores ja lõikamata. Noor eesti kunst uue sajandi alguses" esitatud ettekandeid. Anneli Porri, Elin Kardi ja Kaido Ole artiklitest, kogumikus on veel Rael Arteli ja Kristjan Mändmaa artiklid

  19. Review of Never Alone [game

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andrew Reinhard

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Review of Never Alone (Kisima Ingitchuna, an atmospheric platformer and puzzle game (built on the Unity engine released in late 2014 by Upper One Games and education company E-Line Media. It invites one or two players to explore a central story from the Iñupiat, Native Alaskans, with the rewards of additional storytelling by elders and community members.

  20. Tiina Piisang sai preemia

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2001-01-01

    III rahvusvaheline köitekunstisümpoosion 14.-21. XI Vilniuses. Avati näitus "Raamat". Preemiad: I - Anne Giordani, Prantsusmaa, II - Isabelle Poitras, Kanada, III - Tiina Piisang, ergutuspreemia - Duda Rimantas, Leedu. Eestist osalevad väljapanekul veel Silvi Kalda, Marje Kask, Külli Veelaid, Zhanna Zhuravel, Elin Kard, Piret Männa. Odette Drapeau Kanadast tutvustas kalanaha kasutamisvõimalusi raamatuköitmisel

  1. Kodanikud ja valdkonnad : Veneetsia biennaal, näiteks / Elin Kard

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kard, Elin

    2007-01-01

    52. kaasaegse kunsti biennaal Veneetsias 10.06.-21.11.2007. Põhinäitusest "Think With The Senses - Feel With The Mind. Art In The Present Tense", kuraator Robert Storr. Ülevaade rahvuspaviljonidest Giardinis. Eestit esindab Marko Mäetamm isikunäitusega "Losers' Paradise", kuraator Mika Hannula

  2. Iraan Suurbritannia vastu : kes paindus? / Francis Fukuyama

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Fukuyama, Francis

    2007-01-01

    Ilmunud ka: Postimees : na russkom jazõke 17. apr. lk. 7. Iraani sisepoliitikast seoses 15 Briti mereväejalaväelase arreteerimise ja vabastamisega, Iraani probleemist Islami Revolutsioonilise Kaardiväe (IRGC või Pasradan) ja sellega liidusuhetes olevate institutsioonidega nagu Basj sõjaväeline rühmitus. Autori arvates tahtsid mõned Iraani rühmitused teravdada vastasseisu Suurbritannia ja USA-ga

  3. Kaitseminister Jürgen Ligi : Eesti lööja saaks valusalt lüüa / Jürgen Ligi

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Ligi, Jürgen, 1959-

    2007-01-01

    Kaitseminister Jürgen Ligi vastab online-intervjuus küsimustele, kuidas tekkis mõte palgaarmeest, kas see ei vähenda rahva kaitsetahet, miks ta peab palgaarmeed otstarbekaks, kas kaitseministril peaks olema sõjaväeline taust, miks ta näeb vajadust minna Eestis üle palgaarmeele, kui pikaks hindab ta Eesti kaitsejõudude iseseisvat vastupanu idanaabri sõjalise löögi korral

  4. MFA Graduate Show 2015: In the Usual Direction of Travel

    OpenAIRE

    2015-01-01

    Avgangsstudenter: Patrik Berg, Christian Magnus Tømmeraas Berg, Maia Birkeland, Matilda Björkne, Stine Bråthen, Stein Are Kjærås Dahl, Emil Gustafsson, Jeanett Gustavsen, hÅkon gÅre, Jørgen Frederik Scheel Haarstad, Anita Hanch-Hansen, Elin Hedberg, Andrea Wikhammer Heir, Steinar Laumann, Aron-Irving Li, Tina Lindvall, Rebecca Szabo Onstad, Zahra Rashid, Hege Cathrine Hauge Thoresen

  5. Eesti Maalikunstnike Liidu aastanäituste sari

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2003-01-01

    "Nature morte" 2.-30. VI Kohtla-Järve Põlevkivimuuseumis (kuraator Lauri Sillak). "Chart" Tallinna Hobusepea galeriis 9. VII-4. VIII (Elin Kard). "Lõuna-Eesti maastikud" Viljandi Linnagaleriis 7. VIII-12. IX (Jaan Elken). "Hiiu märk" Kärdla kultuurikeskuse galeriis 12. VII-17. VIII (Andres Koort). "Ma olen käinud New Yorgis" Pärnu Linnagaleriis 11. XII 2003-4. I 2004 (Erki Kasemets). Registreerimise tähtajad

  6. Radiation induced desynaptic mutants in barley

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Srivastava, H.M.

    1974-01-01

    Spontaneous occurrence of asynapsis and desynapsis has been frequently reported in a number of crop plants (Beadle 1930, 1933; Beasley and Brown 1942; Li et al. 1945; Magoon et al. 1961; Miller 1963) and other angiospermic texa (Calarier 1955; Chennaveraiah and Krisnappa 1968; Ehrenberg 1949; Johnson 1941, 1944; Roy and Jha 1958). However, there are only a few reports of induced asynapsis or desynapsis (Gottschalk and Baquar 1971; Martini and Bozzini 1966). The present paper deals with the morphology and meiotic behavior of gamma-ray induced barley mutants showing high degree of desynapsis resulting in partial to complete sterility. (author)

  7. Antioxidation activity and total phenolic contents of various Toona ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    user

    2012-09-11

    Sep 11, 2012 ... oxidative compounds from plants have aroused more attention, and increasing efforts have been made to search for plant-derived .... changed into various green and blue colors depending on the reducing capacity of the ..... and MPP+: Selective vulnerability of cultured mouse astocytes. Brain. Res.

  8. Kas Eesti muusikaõpetus vaevleb rahapuuduses? / Elin Ots ; interv. Kristel Kossar

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Ots, Elin

    2006-01-01

    Vestlusringis arutavad muusikaõpetajad ja haridusametnikud millised probleemid musikaharidust kimbutavad ja milliseid reforme see vajab. 17. novembril toimunud Eesti Muusikaõpetajate Liidu koolimuusika-alase konverentsi kaks väliskülalist prof. Franz Niermann ja Soili Perkiö avaldavad oma arvamust

  9. Tapahtuman ruokaturvallisuuden selvittäminen toiminnanharjoittajannäkökulmasta

    OpenAIRE

    Tuomainen, Saara

    2012-01-01

    Tapahtumien järjestäminen ja tilapäisolosuhteissa työskentely on arkipäivää yhä useammalle ruokapal-velualan toimijalle. Toiminnanharjoittajilla on tullut olla omavalvontasuunnitelma vuodesta 1995. Vuonna 2011 elintarvikelakiin tulleen uuden asetuksen mukaan toiminnanharjoittajan vastuut kasvoivat. Elin-tarvikkeiden turvallisuus tapahtuman aikana on äärimmäisen tärkeää, minkä vuoksi toiminnanharjoitta-jien on vaalittava toimenpiteitä, jotka edistävät elintarvikkeiden turvallisuutta. Opinn...

  10. Negotiating a new day: parents' contributions to supporting students' school functioning after exposure to trauma

    OpenAIRE

    Grell; Røkholt E; Schultz JH; Langballe Å

    2016-01-01

    Eline Grelland Røkholt,1 Jon-Håkon Schultz,2,3 Åse Langballe2 1Department of Allied Health, Bereavement Support Center, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, 2Norwegian Center for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies, Oslo, 3Department of Education, University of Tromsø, the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway Abstract: Parents are advised to get their children back to school soon after exposure to trauma, so that they may receive social su...

  11. Intäktsfördelning och ansvarsenhet : En studie av hotellrestauranger

    OpenAIRE

    Sandberg, Elin; Lundqvist Eriksson, Johan

    2011-01-01

    Writers: Johan Lundqvist Eriksson and Elin SandbergSupervisor: Stig AnderssonEnglish title: Allocation of revenue in the hospitality industryKeywords: Revenue allocation, cost allocation, profit center, Du Pont model, taxes and manipulation of data.Date: January 2012 Since the taxes for food and lodging has been different in Sweden for many years, the hospitality industry has come up with a way to save money on tax paying. When private customers stay for a weekend where the meals are included...

  12. Comparison of White and Chinese perception of esthetic Chinese lip position.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chong, Hui Theng; Thea, Kim Wei; Descallar, Joseph; Chen, Yong; Dalci, Oyku; Wong, Ricky; Darendeliler, M Ali

    2014-03-01

    To compare the esthetic preference of White and Chinese judges with regard to Chinese lip position. The profile images of a dental and skeletal Class I Chinese adult male and female were digitally adjusted to Chinese mean values. The lip profile was adjusted with the upper and lower lip at the mean distance from the Ricketts' E-line. These images were used as baseline images and were further digitally manipulated to generate six additional images with the upper and lower lip such that they lay 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 standard deviations (SDs) in front of or behind the E-line. An additional image was modified based on a White mean value. The images were viewed and ranked by 251 White and Chinese judges (dentists and laypersons) in Australia and China. Significantly more Chinese judges ranked the retrusive profiles higher than the White judges. The White judges also ranked the profile image adjusted to -0.5 SD as the most esthetic for both the female and male, while the Chinese judges ranked the -1.0 SD profile as the most esthetic. The ethnicity of the judges is a significant factor influencing the perception of esthetic lip position. The Chinese judges prefer a more retrusive profile and are more likely to rate a protrusive profile as unacceptable, compared with the White judges.

  13. Miks on Savisaar ja proua Bush Birma kallal / Mai Loog

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Loog, Mai, 1960-

    2007-01-01

    Ilmunud ka: Postimees : na russkom jazõke 29. mai lk. 7. Birma sõjaväeline valitsus otsustas taas pikendada aasta võrra Nobeli rahupreemia laureaadi ja demokraatliku opositsiooni liidri Aung San Suu Kyi 11-aastast koduaresti, mille vastu astusid välja USA senaatorid presidendiproua Laura Bushi juhtimisel kui ka Tallinna linnapea Edgar Savisaar koos Pariisi ja Rooma linnapeadega. Birma hunta plaanitavast konstitutsioonist, kus aatomienergia on pandud riigikaitse ja julgeoleku alla. Venemaa aatomienergia agentuuri Rosatomi lepingust Birma huntaga aatomienergia tootmiseks

  14. Intro / Johannes Saar

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Saar, Johannes, 1965-

    2006-01-01

    Kolmest projektist Tallinna Kunstihoones: 8.04.-28.05. 2006 avatud Elin Kardi, Marko Mäetamme, Marco Laimre ja Andres Tali Ühisnäitusest "Vägivald ja propaganda", selle raames 26.04.-09.05. avatud Emergency Biennale'ist, rahvusvahelisest rändnäitusest Tšetšeenia toetuseks (Tallinnas ühinesid biennaaliga Jüri Ojaver, Neeme Külm, Marco Laimre, Marko Mäetamm), 27.04. toimunud Kaasaegse Kunsti Eesti Keskuse 4. ettekannete päevast "Kunstnike moraalsed valikud kultuurikonfliktides" sarjast "Lisandusi eesti kunstiloole"

  15. Vägivald ja propaganda

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2006-01-01

    8. IV-28. V Tallinna Kunstihoones Elin Kardi, Marco Laimre, Marko Mäetamme ja Andres Tali näitus "Vägivald ja propaganda". 26. IV-7. V näituse raames emergency biennale, rahvusvaheline rändnäitus Tšetšeenia toetuseks. 27. IV Kaasaegse Kunsti Eesti Keskuse IV ettekannete päev "Kunstniku moraalsed valikud liberaalse demokraatia ja islami kokkupõrgetes". Esinevad Margit Sutrop, Johannes Saar, Marek Järvik, Ene-Liis Semper & Eero Epner ning näitusel "Vägivald ja propaganda" osalevad kunstnikud

  16. Kommenteerimata jäänud geopoliitika, turumajandus ja amneesia Moskvas / Elin Kard

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kard, Elin

    2007-01-01

    Moskva 2. kaasaegse kunsti biennaalist. Oma töid eksponeerivad üle saja kunstniku 35 maalt. Pikemalt Jossif Bakshteini kuraatoriprojektist "Ainult kommentaarid? Kunst darvinistliku ühiskonna ajastul", Iara Boubnova kuraatoriprojektist "Ajalugu olevikus" ja Rosa Martinezi ning Fulva Edemci projektist "Pärast kõike"

  17. SPHENOCHOANAL POLYP: A CASE STUDY

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gaurav

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available Sphenochoanal polyp is a rare clinical occurrence as compared to the much common antro - choanal polyp. It originates from the sphenoid sinus and extends into the choana via the sphenoid ostium. We present a case of spheno - choanal polyp and its clinical features and surgical management is discussed. Our aim in this case was to properly d elineate the origin of the polyp and differentiate it from other lesions such as the antro - choanal polyp and meningocele, followed by meticulous endoscopic excision of the polyp

  18. RESISTANCE TO THE ATTACK OF DRY-WOOD TERMITES (Cryptotermes brevis OF SIX WOOD SPECIES

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fabrício Gomes Gonçalves

    2006-03-01

    Full Text Available The dry wood termites are one of the largest causes of damages in wood used in Brazil. This work analyzed the attackof the Cryptotermes brevis in six commercials wood species in the north of the Rio de Janeiro and south of the Espírito Santo. The testobserved the number of holes, the percentage of died individuals and the damage of the pieces. When compared to the Pinus sp(reference, the species with less susceptibility to the attack were Cedrela fissilis, Cariocar brasiliense and Goupia glabra, that alsopresented the largest percentages of mortality of termites. The Schizolobium parahyba, Toona ciliata and the Tachigalia myrmecophyllawere the species with the highest level of damage.

  19. Profession Dilemmas in the art educational field

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eva Lutnæs

    2015-10-01

    Full Text Available The anthology Kunstner eller lærer? Profesjonsdilemmaer i musikk- og kunst­­pedagogisk utdanning (Artist or teacher? Profession Dilemmas in the music and art educational fields is edited by Elin Angelo and Signe Kalsnes. The reviewer concludes there is a label identity construction through the use of terms, including how you choose to position yourself and how you are categorised by others, which makes the book a very valuable contribution to the discussion of the professional dilemma and professional identity of students, teachers and researchers in the art educational fields.

  20. Luke AFB, Phoenix, Arizona. Revised Uniform Summary of Surface Weather Observations (RUSSWO). Parts A-F

    Science.gov (United States)

    1974-03-13

    cELIN R: ~16 ::5 -:4 26.3 861 86.8 86,8 KlZ 516 >. > NOCIIN_ 65_67___80 6386e8#88q 86.S8 86.8 86.8 86#8j 86#8 86.8j 86@ 88 2: 20 - 9. 12A . IL a L...60.91 7, 5 R 1 4,2 .3! 2.*4 26_1 _.S 3.0 2’s 3 6.2 2’ 0 1.1 11 - USAFETAC t’ook 09. O -) teu DION fti IJl I O511Jul 64 31 21 O . . .. . . . . I i

  1. Säg något intressant! : En kvalitativ studie av marknadskommunikation på Facebook

    OpenAIRE

    Johansson, Elin; Johansson, Hanna; Nilsson, Camilla

    2011-01-01

    ABSTRACT Elin Johansson, Hanna Johansson, Camilla Nilsson Say something interesting! A qualitative study of marketing communication on Facebook                               Pages: 36 With the emergence of social media, new ways has been created for companies to reach out to its audience. From being dependent on journalists to provide information, companies today have the ability to self-publish information in the open media channels. The use of social media should not replace traditional mar...

  2. Development of functional requirements for electronic health communication: preliminary results from the ELIN project.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Christensen, Tom; Grimsmo, Anders

    2005-01-01

    User participation is important for developing a functional requirements specification for electronic communication. General practitioners and practising specialists, however, often work in small practices without the resources to develop and present their requirements. It was necessary to find a method that could engage practising doctors in order to promote their needs related to electronic communication. Qualitative research methods were used, starting a process to develop and study documents and collect data from meetings in project groups. Triangulation was used, in that the participants were organised into a panel of experts, a user group, a supplier group and an editorial committee. The panel of experts created a list of functional requirements for electronic communication in health care, consisting of 197 requirements, in addition to 67 requirements selected from an existing Norwegian standard for electronic patient records (EPRs). Elimination of paper copies sent in parallel with electronic messages, optimal workflow, a common electronic 'envelope' with directory services for units and end-users, and defined requirements for content with the possibility of decision support were the most important requirements. The results indicate that we have found a method of developing functional requirements which provides valid results both for practising doctors and for suppliers of EPR systems.

  3. Noncommutative analysis, operator theory and applications

    CERN Document Server

    Cipriani, Fabio; Colombo, Fabrizio; Guido, Daniele; Sabadini, Irene; Sauvageot, Jean-Luc

    2016-01-01

    This book illustrates several aspects of the current research activity in operator theory, operator algebras and applications in various areas of mathematics and mathematical physics. It is addressed to specialists but also to graduate students in several fields including global analysis, Schur analysis, complex analysis, C*-algebras, noncommutative geometry, operator algebras, operator theory and their applications. Contributors: F. Arici, S. Bernstein, V. Bolotnikov, J. Bourgain, P. Cerejeiras, F. Cipriani, F. Colombo, F. D'Andrea, G. Dell'Antonio, M. Elin, U. Franz, D. Guido, T. Isola, A. Kula, L.E. Labuschagne, G. Landi, W.A. Majewski, I. Sabadini, J.-L. Sauvageot, D. Shoikhet, A. Skalski, H. de Snoo, D. C. Struppa, N. Vieira, D.V. Voiculescu, and H. Woracek.

  4. Features of 10-M-long, 50-MM-Twin-aperture LHC dipole magnet prototypes

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Devred, A.

    1998-03-01

    In 1991, the Laboratoire Europeen pour la Physique des particules (CERN) has launched the fabrication in industry of seven 10-m long, 50-mm-twin-aperture dipole magnet prototypes for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Three of these prototypes were built in Italy, in collaboration with the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN, by Ansaldo Energia Spa, two were built in Germany by Noell GmbH, one was built in France by a consortium constituted by Jeumont Industries and GEC Alsthom, and the last one was built by a consortium constituted by Elin in Austria and Holec in the Netherlands. In this paper, we review the design and specific features of the seven LHC dipole magnet prototypes. (author)

  5. Kuressaarest kaks laureaaditiitlit / Riina Mägi

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Mägi, Riina, 1957-

    2008-01-01

    Maakondlikust etlejate konkursist. Žüriisse kuulusid Maret Oomer, Asta Leiten ja Kalle Piiskoppel. 5.-7. klasside arvestuses I koht: Marleen Petersell. Äramärkimist leidsid: Kristian Käresk, Maarja-Liis Mölder ja Anita Tuula. 7.-9. klasside arvestuses I koht: Oliver Taul. Esile tõsteti: Rauno Reinas, Riko Osila, Linda Maisväli ja Piia Puuraid. 10.-12. klasside arvestuses I koht: Karl Sakrits. Ära märgiti: Elin Küti, Virgo Ernits, Maria Orb. Kommenteerisid Asta Leiten, Liann Saage-Vahur. Ka Kuressaares toimunud vabariiklikust etlejate konkursist, kommentaare jagasid Merle Rekaya, Rita Ilves. Zhürisse kuulusid Aare Toikka, Tiina Rebane, Hans Kaldoja, Kristiina Omer ja Keete Viira. Peapreemia nooremas vanuseastmes Markkus Pulgale, keskmises vanuseastmes Anna Talvile ja vanemas vanuseastmes Doris Täkkerile.

  6. Features of 10-M-long, 50-MM-Twin-aperture LHC dipole magnet prototypes

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Devred, A. [CEA Saclay, 91 - Gif-sur-Yvette (France). Dept. d`Astrophysique, de la Physique des Particules, de la Physique Nucleaire et de l`Instrumentation Associee]|[CERN, Laboratoire Europeen pour la Physique des Particules, Geneva (Switzerland)

    1998-03-01

    In 1991, the Laboratoire Europeen pour la Physique des particules (CERN) has launched the fabrication in industry of seven 10-m long, 50-mm-twin-aperture dipole magnet prototypes for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Three of these prototypes were built in Italy, in collaboration with the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN, by Ansaldo Energia Spa, two were built in Germany by Noell GmbH, one was built in France by a consortium constituted by Jeumont Industries and GEC Alsthom, and the last one was built by a consortium constituted by Elin in Austria and Holec in the Netherlands. In this paper, we review the design and specific features of the seven LHC dipole magnet prototypes. (author) 21 refs.

  7. Alexithymia and affective verbal behaviour of three groups of patients.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ahrens, S

    1985-01-01

    The study described in this article was designed to investigate patients' response to affective stimuli on two levels of measurement: one was designed to yield information about cognitive attribution processes whereas the second level was aimed at uncovering deeper, more unconscious responses to the given stimuli. These were displayed as part of an experimental setting, in which three groups were compared: psychosomatic (duodenal ulcer), somatic and psychoneurotic patients. Systematic variation was introduced by showing either of two versions of a short film which differed in the degree of friendliness displayed by the main character. The results show differential effects on the two levels of measurement: in the case of the first level, an interpretation within the framework of current conceptualizations of alexithymia would have been possible, but results for the second level of measurement (utilizing Gottschalk-Gleser content analysis of speech) indicate that psychosomatic patients show the same kind of sensitive response to affective stimuli as patients from the other two groups.

  8. Food resources, distribution and seasonal variations in ranging in lion-tailed macaques, Macaca silenus in the Western Ghats, India.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Erinjery, Joseph J; Kavana, T S; Singh, Mewa

    2015-01-01

    The distribution and availability of food was examined to see how it influenced ranging patterns and sleeping site selection in a group of lion-tailed macaques. The home range and core area were 130.48 ha (95% kernel) and 26.68 ha (50% kernel) respectively. The lion-tailed macaques had a longer day range, had a greater number of sleeping sites and used more core areas in the summer as compared to the monsoon and the post-monsoon seasons. The ranging patterns and sleeping site use were influenced by the major food resources used in a particular season. The ranging was mainly influenced by Artocarpus heterophyllus in monsoon, Cullenia exarillata and Toona ciliata in post- monsoon, and Artocarpus heterophyllus and Ficus amplissima in summer. The distribution of these four plant species is, therefore, critical to ranging, and thus to conservation of the lion-tailed macaque.

  9. Photos vs silhouettes for evaluation of African American profile esthetics.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hockley, Andrew; Weinstein, Martin; Borislow, Alan J; Braitman, Leonard E

    2012-02-01

    Patient photos and silhouettes are commonly used in clinical evaluations and orthodontic research to evaluate profile esthetics. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the use of photos or silhouettes is a more appropriate method of evaluating African American profile esthetics and whether there are different profile esthetic preferences among clinicians when using photos compared with silhouettes. Pretreatment records of 20 adolescent African American patients were selected (10 male, 10 female) from the orthodontic clinic at the Albert Einstein Medical Center in Philadelphia. Each patient's profile photo was digitally changed with imaging software (Dolphin Imaging and Management Solutions, Chatsworth, Calif) to fabricate a series of 7 photos and 7 silhouettes with lip positions at uniform distances relative to Ricketts' E-line standard. Fifteen raters consisting of orthodontic faculty and residents were asked to select the most esthetically pleasing profile from each patient's photo series and silhouette series. More rater preferences for the photographs (86%) were within the acceptable esthetic range (within 2 mm of the E-line in either direction) than were their preferences for silhouettes (66%) (P esthetic norm were more often preferred in the silhouettes than in the photos. Thirty-one percent of the silhouettes preferred by the raters were flatter than the norm compared with 9% of the photos (P = 0.003). Fuller profiles were preferred in only 3% of the silhouettes and 5% of the photos (P = 0.6). Esthetic attractiveness of faces of African American orthodontic patients is rated differently in photos and silhouettes. When evaluating soft-tissue esthetic profile preferences, rater preferences in the photographs were closer to the established esthetic norm than were their preferences in the silhouettes. Using silhouettes to evaluate patient esthetics could influence clinicians or researchers to select profiles that are flatter than the established

  10. ANALISA KEKUATAN TAHANAN LATERAL SAMBUNGAN KAYU-BETON

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Efa Suriani

    2015-08-01

    Full Text Available A prediction of shear resistance using lag screw is required to obtain a reliable design timber connection against lateral forces and to know how failure mode from that connection.In this study, shear resistance was evaluated by taking shear test of the joint to the lateral load by using monotonic loading and analysis model adopted from EYM (European Yield Model. The types of timber used were Toona sureni (specific gravity 0.45, Swietenia mahogany (specific gravity 0.51 and Artocarpus heterophyllus (specific gravity 0.54 and concrete with actual compressive strength of 15.93 MPa. Lag-screw in 8 mm diameter (length 130 mm, washer in 22.8 mm diameter and fischer S14 were also used. The percentages results of shear resistance (5% offset method between the predictions and experiment were 36,40% until 48,15%. These results showed that shear resistance to predicted equation of EYM was close enough to shear resistance based on the test results

  11. Characterization of cytochalasins from the endophytic Xylaria sp. and their biological functions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Qiang; Xiao, Jian; Sun, Qing-Qing; Qin, Jian-Chun; Pescitelli, Gennaro; Gao, Jin-Ming

    2014-11-12

    Bioassay-guided fractionation of the fermentation extract of Xylaria sp. XC-16, an endophyte from Toona sinensis led to the isolation of two new cytochalasans cytochalasin Z27, 1, and cytochalasin Z28, 2, along with three known compounds seco-cytochalasin E, 3, and cytochalasin Z18, 4, and cytochalasin E, 5. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated by spectroscopic and electronic circular dichroism methods. Compound 5 was shown to be potently cytotoxic against brine shrimp (LC50 = 2.79 μM), comparable to that of the positive agent toosendanin (LC50 = 4.03 μM), and also exhibited potential phytotoxic effects on Lactuca sativa and Raphanus sativus L. seedlings, which are higher than that of the positive control glyphosate. Additionally, the fungicidal effect of 2 against the phytopathogen Gibberella saubinetti was better than that of hymexazol. This is the first report of the three types of cytochalasins present in genus Xylaria. A structure-phytotoxicity activity relationship is also discussed.

  12. Propriedades físicas, químicas e mecânicas da madeira de cedro australiano cultivado em Corupá, SC

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rosilani Trianoski

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available O cedro australiano (Toona ciliata M. Roem é uma espécie de elevado valor comercial, com características similares ao mogno e cedros nativos, que vem se destacando em plantios florestais no Brasil, cuja madeira produzida deve ser alvo de pesquisas tecnológicas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as propriedades físicas, químicas e mecânicas desta espécie em plantio com 18 anos. Foi observada massa específica baixa (0,330 g cm3, estabilidade dimensional média baixa (anisotropia: 2,22, teor de extrativos elevado (10,33% e propriedades mecânicas moderadas: MOR e MOE à flexão: 498 kgf cm-2 e 66.163 kgf cm-2; MOR e MOE à compressão paralela: 258 kgf cm-2 e 100,813 kgf cm-2; cisalhamento: 82 kgf cm-2, e dureza média: 208 kgf.

  13. Sotsiaaltöö eriala üliõpilaste tagasivaade vaimse koolikiusamise kogemusele / Elin Kütt ; juhendaja Pille Kriisa

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kütt, Elin

    2013-01-01

    Kokkuvõte Lääne-Viru Rakenduskõrgkooli sotsiaaltöö eriala üliõpilase lõputööst, mille eesmärgiks oli uurida üliõpilaste koolikiusamise kogemusi ja kogemuse mõju praegusele elule ning seoseid kiusamiskogemuse ja sotsiaaltöö eriala valiku vahel

  14. İbadet, Ritüel ve Kurban

    OpenAIRE

    Olgun, Hakan

    2016-01-01

    Dinsel amaçlarla yerine getirilen özel davranışlar din araştırmalarında“ibadet” olarak tanımlanır. Pagan gelenekler açısından bu tür davranışlar“ritüel” kelimesiyle ifade edilir. Şekilsel açıdan bu iki kavram kıyaslandığındaibadet ile ritüelin benzer davranış şekillerini yansıttığı görülür. Ancakİslami bir kavram olan ibadet ile paganist geleneeğin ürünü olan ritüelistik davranış arasında manevi düzlemde büyük bir farklılık söz konusudur.Ritüelistik davranışta insanın tanrı ile mekanik bir il...

  15. Eesti kunsti näitused Ameerikas

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2006-01-01

    23. II-12. III New Yorgis ÜRO peakorteris näitus "Käemaastikud/Handscapes". Vaadata on fotod, maalid ja installatsioonid. Kuraator Elin Kard, osalevad Jüri Ojaver, Ülle Marks, Jüri Kass, Alice Kask. 24. III-21. IV New Yorgi Eesti Majas Eesti Kultuurifondi ja Eesti kultuuripäevade näitus "Lõõm 06. Kunstidialoog: New York - Estonia". Jaanika Peerna kureeritud näitusel osalevad eesti ja ameerika kunstnikud Peeter Kolk, Dianne Bowen, Külliki Talp, Ilse Leetaru, Mark Kostabi, Paul Indrek Kostabi, Kristjan Jüris, Erika Roots, Endel Uiga, J. Peerna, Victoria Schultz, Leevi Ernits, Kristiana Pärn, Naima Rauam, Patrick Kikut, Ave Barker, Epp Kuhn, Triinu Jenas. Avamisel esilinastub J. Peenra ja Annette Solakoglu (sünd. 1968, Rootsi) lühifilm "Lõõm 06". Phoenixi Cathedral Center for the Artsis oli 3. II-1. III Anne Parmasto maalinäitus Charlotte'i aed"

  16. Hobusepea ja Rael Arteli galerii osalesid möödunud nädalavahetusel... / Elin Kard ; interv. Reet Varblane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kard, Elin

    2008-01-01

    Galeriid osalesid Berliini Kunstiakadeemias IGBK (Internationale Gesellschaft der Bildenden Künste ehk Visuaalkunsti Rahvusvahelise Ühingu) korraldatud non-profit projektis "Art Swap Europe/Euroopa kunstivahetus". Projekti eesmärgist, mida see andis Hobusepea galeriile ja annab kunstnikele

  17. Chemical and energetic characterization for utilization of thinning and slab wood from Australian red cedar Caracterização química e energética para aproveitamento da madeira de costaneira e desbaste de cedro australiano

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lina Bufalino

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available

    This work aimed to quantify and compare chemical and energetic properties of Australian red cedar Toona ciliata MJ Roem var. australis (FV Muell. C. DC wood from thinning and primary sawing for reconstituted panel and energy production; and also to verify the efficiency of extractive removal by water treatments, in order to improve wood quality for particleboard production. Lignin, holocellulose, extractives, ash, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur contents and higher heating value were determined. Two water treatments for extractive removal were performed: immersion in cold water for 24 hours and immersion in boiling water for 2 hours. Lower values of ash, holocellulose, hydrogen and nitrogen contents and higher contents of lignin, total extractives, hydrogen and nitrogen contents were found for wood from primary sawing residues. For other properties, the values were significantly equal. Australian red cedar wood presents high extractive content, being water pre-treatment necessary for the production of some particleboards. Higher heating values of materials indicate potential for energy production.

    doi: 10.4336/2012.pfb.32.70.13

    O objetivo desse trabalho foi quantificar e comparar as propriedades químicas e energéticas da madeira de cedro australiano Toona ciliata MJ Roem var. australis (FV Muell. C. DC proveniente de desbaste e desdobro para produção de painéis reconstituídos e energia, além de verificar a eficiência da remoção de extrativos por tratamentos em água para viabilizar a produção de painéis de partículas. Os teores de lignina, holocelulose, extrativos totais, cinzas, carbono, hidrogênio, oxigênio, nitrogênio, enxofre e poder calorífico superior foram determinados. Dois tratamentos em água para remoção de extrativos foram realizados nos materiais: imersão em água fria durante 24 horas e em água fervente durante 2 horas. Foram encontrados menores teores de cinzas, holocelulose

  18. Uue põlvkonna ootel : Eesti näitekirjandus 2009 / Ott Karulin

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Karulin, Ott, 1980-

    2010-01-01

    Ülevaade 2009. aasta eesti näitekirjandusest. Pikemalt käsitletakse järgmisi autoreid ja nende näidendeid/näidendikogumikke ning lavastusi: Madis Kõiv "Küüni täitmine", "Näidendid III", "Kolmekesi toas"; Andrus Kivirähk "Vombat", "Ingel, ingel vii mind taeva", "Vassiljev ja Bubõr tegid siia ...", "Limpa ja mereröövlid", "Vanamehed seitsmendalt"; Mart Kivastik "Käsu Hansu ajalootund"; Urmas Lennuk "Igavene kapten", koos Andry Ervaldiga "Jäneste kirik", dramatiseering N. Leskovi "Mtsenski maakonna leedi Machbeth'ist"; Urmas Vadi "Ballettmeister"; Andres Noormets "Öö", "Vaikus ja karjed" (kuuldemängud); Roy Strider "Mässajad"; Uku Uusberg "Pea vahetus"; Tooma Kall "Prügikast 3 ehk Eesti masurka"; Enn Vetemaa "Väike näidendiraamat VI", "Gustav Naani hiilgus ja viletsus", "Ühekäeline bandiit"; Merle Karusoo "Sigma Tau-C705"; Arvo Valton-Vallikivi "Stsenaariumid. Näidendid" ; Silvia Soro "Nähtmatu varandus"; Martin Algus "Postmodernsed leibkonnad"

  19. Antioxidant Activity in Extracts of 27 Indigenous Taiwanese Vegetables

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pi-Yu Chao

    2014-05-01

    Full Text Available The objectives of this study were to identify the antioxidants and antioxidant axtivity in 27 of Taiwan’s indigenous vegetables. Lycium chinense (Lc, Lactuca indica (Li, and Perilla ocymoides (Po contained abundant quercetin (Que, while Artemisia lactiflora (Al and Gynura bicolor (Gb were rich in morin and kaempferol, respectively. Additionally, Nymphoides cristata (Nc and Sechium edule (Se-yellow had significantly higher levels of myricetin (Myr than other tested samples. Cyanidin (Cyan and malvidin (Mal were abundant in Gb, Abelmoschus esculentus Moench (Abe, Po, Anisogonium esculentum (Retz. Presl (Ane, Ipomoea batatas (Ib-purple, and Hemerocallis fulva (Hf-bright orange. Relatively high levels of Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC, oxygen radical absorption capacity (ORAC, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH radical scavenger were generated from extracts of Toona sinensis (Ts and Po. Significant and positive correlations between antioxidant activity and polyphenols, anthocyanidins, Que, Myr, and morin were observed, indicating that these phytochemicals were some of the main components responsible for the antioxidant activity of tested plants. The much higher antioxidant activity of Po, Ts, and Ib (purple leaf may be related to their higher Cyan, Que, and polyphenol content.

  20. Interdecadal modulation of the relationship between ENSO, IPO and precipitation: insights from tree rings in Australia

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Heinrich, Ingo [School of Resources, Environment and Society, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT (Australia); Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Climate Dynamics and Landscape Evolution, Potsdam (Germany); Weidner, Kathrin [Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Climate Dynamics and Landscape Evolution, Potsdam (Germany); Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Institute for Chemistry and Dynamics of the Geosphere, Juelich (Germany); Helle, Gerhard [Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Climate Dynamics and Landscape Evolution, Potsdam (Germany); Vos, Heinz [Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Institute for Chemistry and Dynamics of the Geosphere, Juelich (Germany); Lindesay, Janette; Banks, John C.G. [School of Resources, Environment and Society, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT (Australia)

    2009-07-15

    Australian climate-proxy reconstructions based on tree rings from tropical and subtropical forests have not been achieved so far due to the rarity of species producing anatomically distinct annual growth rings. Our study identifies the Australian Red Cedar (Toona ciliata) as one of the most promising tree species for tree-ring research in Australasia because this species exhibits distinct annual tree rings, a prerequisite for high quality tropical dendroclimatology. Based on these preliminary studies, we were able, for the first time in subtropical and tropical Australia, to develop a statistically robust, precisely dated and annually resolved chronology back to AD1854. We show that the variability in ring widths of T. ciliata is mainly dependent on annual precipitation. The developed proxy data series contains both high- and low-frequency climate signals which can be associated with the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO). A comparison of different data sets (Brisbane precipitation, tree rings, coral luminescence record from the Great Barrier Reef, ENSO and IPO) revealed non-stationary correlation patterns throughout the twentieth century but little instability between the new tree-ring chronology and Brisbane precipitation. (orig.)

  1. Genomes of rumen bacteria encode atypical pathways for fermenting hexoses to short-chain fatty acids

    KAUST Repository

    Hackmann, Timothy J.

    2017-09-11

    Bacteria have been thought to follow only a few well-recognized biochemical pathways when fermenting glucose or other hexoses. These pathways have been chiseled in the stone of textbooks for decades, with most sources rendering them as they appear in the classic 1986 text by Gottschalk. Still, it is unclear how broadly these pathways apply, given that they were established and delineated biochemically with only a few model organisms. Here we show that well-recognized pathways often cannot explain fermentation products formed by bacteria. In the most extensive analysis of its kind, we reconstructed pathways for glucose fermentation from genomes of 48 species and subspecies of bacteria from one environment (the rumen). In total, 44% of these bacteria had atypical pathways, including several that are completely unprecedented for bacteria or any organism. In detail, 8% of bacteria had an atypical pathway for acetate formation; 21% for propionate or succinate formation; 6% for butyrate formation; and 33% had an atypical or incomplete Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway. This study shows that reconstruction of metabolic pathways-a common goal of omics studies-could be incorrect if well-recognized pathways are used for reference. Further, it calls for renewed efforts to delineate fermentation pathways biochemically. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

  2. Aging embodiment and the somatic work of getting into and out of a car.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gish, Jessica A; Vrkljan, Brenda

    2016-01-01

    This study examines the embodied realities and sensory experience of vehicle ingress and egress from the point of view of older drivers. In-depth interviews were conducted with 15 women and three men, aged 57-81, and followed by ride-a-longs whereby the researcher observed participants in interaction with their automobile. Using the perspective of phenomenological gerontology and the concept of somatic work (Vannini, Waskul, & Gottschalk, 2012), older drivers are conceptualized as simultaneously sensing and making sense of somatic experience evoked by aging embodiment and the bodily movements required of entry and exit into an automobile. It is argued that older drivers acquire a sensory auto-biography of incorporated bodily memory regarding vehicle morphology and texture in their past and current life, which informs embodied capacities of movement, awareness, and response relative to practical knowledge about what is attainable (or unattainable) for a sensuous older body. Through reflective and reflexive engagement with the sensory realm and material world, participants report structuring their lives through the haptics of touch, adoption of somatic rules, consumerist practices, as well as, specialized bodily movements and footwork sequences to ensure safety and comfort when using their automobile. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  3. Genomes of rumen bacteria encode atypical pathways for fermenting hexoses to short-chain fatty acids.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hackmann, Timothy J; Ngugi, David Kamanda; Firkins, Jeffrey L; Tao, Junyi

    2017-11-01

    Bacteria have been thought to follow only a few well-recognized biochemical pathways when fermenting glucose or other hexoses. These pathways have been chiseled in the stone of textbooks for decades, with most sources rendering them as they appear in the classic 1986 text by Gottschalk. Still, it is unclear how broadly these pathways apply, given that they were established and delineated biochemically with only a few model organisms. Here, we show that well-recognized pathways often cannot explain fermentation products formed by bacteria. In the most extensive analysis of its kind, we reconstructed pathways for glucose fermentation from genomes of 48 species and subspecies of bacteria from one environment (the rumen). In total, 44% of these bacteria had atypical pathways, including several that are completely unprecedented for bacteria or any organism. In detail, 8% of bacteria had an atypical pathway for acetate formation; 21% of bacteria had an atypical pathway for propionate or succinate formation; 6% of bacteria had an atypical pathway for butyrate formation and 33% of bacteria had an atypical or incomplete Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway. This study shows that reconstruction of metabolic pathways - a common goal of omics studies - could be incorrect if well-recognized pathways are used for reference. Furthermore, it calls for renewed efforts to delineate fermentation pathways biochemically. © 2017 Society for Applied Microbiology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  4. Development of clonal matrices of australian red cedar in different substrates under fertilizer doses Desenvolvimento de matrizes clonais de cedro Australiano em diferentes substratos sob doses de fertilizantes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bruno Peres Benatti

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available In order to evaluate fertilizers doses in different substrates for growth and development of clonal matrices of Australian Red Cedar [Toona ciliata var. australis (F. Muell. Bahadur], an experiment was conducted in a greenhouse. Five substrates were evaluate, with proportions by volume, the first consisting of 100% of Multiplant florestal®, the second of 50% vermiculite, 20% carbonized rice hulls, 20% soil and 10% coconut fiber, the third with 50% soil and 50% sand, the fourth was composed by 50% Multiplant florestal®, 10% soil and 40% coconut fiber and the fifth with 65% of Multiplant florestal®, 25% vermiculite and 10% carbonized rice hulls. The fertilizers doses applied were 0.0; 0.3; 0.6; 1.2; 2.4 of fertilization suggested by Malavolta (1980 for vases. The characteristics evaluated were: collar diameter of the matrices, production of dry mater by shoots, root system and total and accumulation of nutrients by shoot at the end of the experimental period of 150 days. The Australian Red Cedar plants have high nutritional requirements, as showed by the better development obtained with higher fertilizer doses than those suggested by Malavolta (1980. The substrate three provided the worst development to clonal matrices while the substrates 1, 4 and 5 provided the best environment for the development considering all the fertilizer doses and all variables.Com o objetivo de avaliar diferentes substratos com taxas de fertilizantes para o crescimento e desenvolvimento de matrizes clonais de cedro australiano [Toona ciliata var. australis (F. Muell. Bahadur], foi realizado um experimento em casa de vegetação. Foram avaliados cinco substratos, com as proporções em volume, sendo o primeiro composto por 100% Multiplant florestal®, o segundo de 50% Vermiculita, 20% casca de arroz carbonizada, 20% terra e 10% fibra de coco, o terceiro com 50% terra e 50% areia, o quarto com proporção de 50% Multiplant florestal®, 10% terra e 40% de fibra de coco e

  5. Wigs, laughter, and subversion: Charles Busch and strategies of drag performance.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Niles, Richard

    2004-01-01

    This paper examines the strategies of drag performer/ playwright Charles Busch. His performance aesthetic is explored and shown to be subversive even though its initial impulse is to entertain. Basing my arguments on the work of Judith Butler, Elin Diamond, and others, I argue that drag queens like Busch can not only entertain but also make audiences question and criticize through drag's power to create a Brechtian alienation effect and historicize the subject. After showing how he can be viewed as a drag queen, I give a brief biography and discuss such contested terms as "camp" and "gay sensibility." I then focus on Busch's staged reading of Ibsen's Hedda Gahler andA Doll's House, both done in one afternoon at Theatre for The New City (6 May 2000). By examining the performance of Busch and his fellow actors, I demonstrate how a contemporary relevancy is achieved by having the roles played by a female impersonator whose acting choices are filtered through a gay sensibility. The ongoing dialectic between spectator and performer creates a historicized moment in performance that underscores the gender dynamics in unexpected and stimulating ways.

  6. The Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Toonaciliatin K against Adjuvant Arthritis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    HaiXing Gou

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Toonaciliatin K is a natural limonoid purified from the Toona ciliata Roem. var. ciliata (Meliaceae. This study is to reveal the inflammatory suppression effect of toonaciliatin K and further the intrinsic mechanism. Firstly, anti-inflammatory effect of toonaciliatin K was evaluated in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS- induced RAW264.7 cells. RT-PCR results indicated that the mRNA expressions of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β were downregulated by toonaciliatin K. The toonaciliatin K inhibited TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β levels stimulated by LPS. Furthermore, LPS elicited the excess iNOS and COX-2 mRNA and protein production and toonaciliatin K attenuated the excess production. Western blot assay demonstrated that MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways play critical roles in the toonaciliatin K’s anti-inflammatory activity. Secondly, toonaciliatin K inhibited carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats. Thirdly, toonaciliatin K alleviated the paw swelling and improved arthritis clinical scores in the adjuvant arthritis rats. Toonaciliatin K decreased the proinflammatory cytokines levels and Mankin scores in adjuvant arthritis rats. The HE staining, safranin O-fast green, and toluidine blue staining results demonstrated that toonaciliatin K alleviated the histological changes of paw, for example, pannus formation, focal loss of cartilage, bone erosion, and presence of extra-articular inflammation. Hence, toonaciliatin K is a promising agent for treatment of arthritis.

  7. CRESCIMENTO, ACÚMULO DE NUTRIENTES E FENÓIS TOTAIS DE MUDAS DE CEDROAUSTRALIANO (Toona ciliata INOCULADAS COM FUNGOS MICORRÍZICOS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Késsia Barreto Lima

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available This study aimed to evaluate the Australian red cedar seedlings for their ability to growth, nutrition and production of phenolic compounds under arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF inoculation. An experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions, with three treatments consisting of Gigaspora margarita, Glomus etunicatum, Glomus clarum in single inoculation, and four treatments composed by the combination of these species, Gigaspora margarita + Glomus clarum, Gigaspora margarita + Glomus etunicatum, Glomus clarum + Glomus etunicatum and Gigaspora margarita + Glomus etunicatum + Glomus clarum. All treatments with the fungal inoculum were evaluated without addition of phosphorus in the substrate. In comparison, three treatment controls were used (without fungus containing in random blocks with five replicates. After 140 days of germination, it was observed that all species of AMF inoculated alone or in combination, led to significant benefits on growth, nutrition and production of phenolic compounds in Australian red cedar seedlings in soils containing low phosphorus availability. The mixture in the soil of Gigaspora margarita, Glomus etunicatum and Glomus clarum was able to provide significant increases in plant growth in most parameters assessed, resulting in performance equivalent or higher than non-mycorrhizal and control plants grown in soil fertilized with phosphorus. This suggests that AMF can promote reduction in phosphorus addition during the production of Australian red cedar seedlings.

  8. Galeriid - Tallinna kunstisoonel / Andri Ksenofontov

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Ksenofontov, Andri, 1962-

    2005-01-01

    Valgusfestival Tallinnas, Angelika Schneideri joonistuste näitus "Valgest mustani" Estonia Kontserdisaali fuajees, Liina Vedleri näitus "Raskolnikova saar" EKA galeriis, Maria Valdma näitus "Fiktsioonid" Tallinna Linnagaleriis, Eveli Variku näitus "Armuke" Kunstihoone galeriis, Tarmo Roosimöldri näitus "Paus" ning Kaarina Ormio, Jaan Pärnamäe ja Elin T. Sorenseni installatsioon "Mäng" G-galeriis, šveitsi-soome fotograafi Peter Strebeli näitus "Maroko Anti-Atlase mäestiku motiivid" Kiek in de Kökis, Jaan Künnapi Tallinna panoraam näitusel "Tallinn, inimesed ja linn 1878-2002" Raevangla Fotomuuseumis, TPÜ üliõpilaste fotonäitus "Fotofinish" fotokeldris Lee, TPÜ kunstiosakonna üliõpilaste näitus "Tehnika ja lüürika" Viviann Napa galeriis, näitus "Juugendstiil Lätis", Pille Kivihalli, Maarja Unduski ja Tiina Piisangu näitus "Altar raamatule" rahvusraamatukogus, Toomas Keldri mälestusnäitus disaini- ja arhitektuurigaleriis, Irina Ishina näitus Vene saatkonna galeriis, Vladimir Baciu näitus Haus galeriis, Vassili Gretshko näitus Artline'i galeriis, Jana Wiebe ja Tjika Rebase "Surnuaia kogumik vol. 1" Hobusepea galeriis, Kadi Kurema näitus "Imeasjad" Ühispanga galeriis ja "Pisiasjad" Galeriis 36

  9. Synthetic digital radiographs using exposure computer models of Voxels / EGS4 Phantoms

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kenned, Roberto; Vieira, Jose W.; Lima, Fernando R.A.; Loureiro, Eduardo

    2008-01-01

    The objective of this work is to produce synthetic digital radiographs from synthetic phantoms with the use of a Computational Model of Exposition (MCE). The literature explains a model consisted on a phantom, a Monte Carlo code and an algorithm of a radioactive source. In this work it was used the FAX phantom (Female Adult voXel), besides the EGS4 system code Eletron Shower-range version 4) and an external source, similar to that used in diagnostic radiology. The implementation of MCE creates files with information on external energy deposited in the voxels of fantoma used, here called EnergiaPorVoxel.dat. These files along with the targeted phantom (fax.sgi) worked as data entry for the DIP software (Digital Imaging Processing) to build the synthetic phantoms based on energy and the effective dose. This way you can save each slice that is the stack of pictures of these phantoms synthetics, which have been called synthetic digital radiography. Using this, it is possible to use techniques of emphasis in space to increase the contrast or elineate contours between organs and tissues. The practical use of these images is not only to allow a planning of examinations performed in clinics and hospitals and reducing unnecessary exposure to patients by error of radiographic techniques. (author)

  10. Middle Jurassic - Early Cretaceous rifting of the Danish Central Graben

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Moeller, J.J.; Rasmussen, E.S.

    1998-12-01

    During the Jurassic-early Cretaceous, the Danish Central Graben developed as a N-S to NNW-SSE trending Graben bounded by the Ringkoebing-Fyn High towards the east and the Mid North Sea High towards the west. The Graben consists of a system of half-Grabens and evolved by fault-controlled subsidence; three main rift pulses have been recognized. The first pulse ranged from the Callovian to the early Oxfordian, the second pulse was initiated in the latest Late Kimmeridgian and Early Volgian, and the third and final pulse occurred within the Valanginian in the Early Cretaceous. The first pulse was characterized by subsidence along N-S trending faults. During the second pulse, in early Volgian times, subsidence was concentrated along new NNW-SSE trending faults and the main depocentre shifted westward, being most marked within the Tail End Graben, the Arne-Elin Graben, and the Feda Graben. This tectonic event was accompanied by the accumulation of a relatively thick sediment load resulting in the development of salt diapers, especially within the Salt Dome Province. The third tectonic pulse was essentially a reactivation of the NNW-SSE trending structures. This tectonic pulse also shows clear evidence of combined fault-controlled subsidence and salt movements. (EG) 12 figs.; 45 refs.

  11. Analysis of community income on suren (Toona sureni (Blume) Merr.) and cacao crops (Theobroma cacao L.) in Simalungun, North Sumatera-Indonesia

    Science.gov (United States)

    Latifah, S.; Afifuddin, Y.; Widya, S.

    2018-02-01

    Agroforestry is the management and integration of trees, crops and/or livestock on the same plot of land and can be an integral component of productive agriculture. It may include existing native forests and forests established by landholders. The study was conducted in Mekar Sari Raya village, Panei sub, Simalungun regency, North Sumatera. This study aims to gain the ability to use agroforestry in suren crops and cocoa that provides benefits to farmers and the feasibility of the model farm. The study site has Net Present Value (NPV) is 2,670,306,905 ( IDR) for 15 of year, Gross B/C Ratio (BCR) is 2.3; Internal Rate of Return ( IRR) is 28 %; and Payback Period (PP) for 5 years 4 months 24 days. Agroforestry using commodities cacao and suren crops are financially feasible to be cultivated and developed.

  12. Growth and quality of australian cedar saplings originated from different multiclonal minigarden systems

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mírian Peixoto Soares da Silva

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available Forestry researchers often evaluate minicutting vegetative propagation of Australian cedar (Toona ciliata as a viable technique for this species. However, the adoption of minigarden systems for commercial propagation still requires viability and quality testing of saplings produced after multiple harvests. In the present work, we evaluate survival, growth, and quality of Australian cedar saplings grown from minicuttings originating from multiple harvests of ministumps planted in gutter or tube systems. Experiments were conducted in a greenhouse using a completely randomized design with a 2 × 4 factorial treatment structure (two minigarden systems and four minicutting harvests. For the gutter system, six minicutting harvests were performed 50, 86, 115, 149, 177 and 212 days after planting ministumps, whereas for the tube system, four harvests were performed 115, 149, 177 and 212 days after planting ministumps. At the end of each sapling production cycle (105 days after each minicutting harvest, saplings were evaluated for survival, foliar area, dry mass of aerial parts, number and length of adventitious roots, dry mass of the root system, height to diameter ratio, ratio between the dry mass of aerial parts and dry mass of root system, and Dickson’s Quality Index. Sapling survival was not affected by minigarden system, except for a reduction observed in fourth cycle saplings from the tube system. Sapling quality was also similar between systems. However, sapling growth potential decreased with production cycle, indicating that ministumps lose vigor with multiple harvests.

  13. Research on the influence that communication in psychiatric encounters has on treatment.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cruz, Mario; Pincus, Harold Alan

    2002-10-01

    The purpose of this article is to inform mental health professionals about the empirical literature on medical and psychiatric encounters and the influence of communicative behaviors on specific encounter outputs and treatment outcomes. A comprehensive review of the health communications literature from 1950 to 2001, using MEDLINE and PsycINFO, was conducted to identify relevant articles on the communication skills of psychiatrists and other physicians. These searches were augmented by personal correspondence with experts on changes in practice patterns in psychiatry and on medical and psychiatric communications research. A review of references within each article and information from the experts identified other relevant articles. Selection was then narrowed to include reports of studies that used structured written instruments that captured relevant physician and patient perceptions of the physician-patient relationship, content analysis of audio- or videotapes of communication in medical or psychiatric encounters, or interaction analysis systems used to categorize audio- or videotaped communicative behaviors in medical or psychiatric encounters. Twenty-five articles in medicine and 34 articles in psychiatry were selected. Medical communication researchers have observed associations between physicians' communicative skills and patients' satisfaction, patients' adherence to treatment recommendations, treatment outputs, and patients' willingness to file malpractice claims. The research has also shown that primary care physicians can be more responsive to patients' concerns without lengthening visits. In psychiatry, the literature can be organized into four discrete categories of research: negotiated treatment and the customer approach, therapeutic alliance, Gottschalk-Gleser content analysis of patients' speech, and content analysis of psychiatric interviews.

  14. A Minimum Variance Algorithm for Overdetermined TOA Equations with an Altitude Constraint.

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Romero, Louis A; Mason, John J.

    2018-04-01

    We present a direct (non-iterative) method for solving for the location of a radio frequency (RF) emitter, or an RF navigation receiver, using four or more time of arrival (TOA) measurements and an assumed altitude above an ellipsoidal earth. Both the emitter tracking problem and the navigation application are governed by the same equations, but with slightly different interpreta- tions of several variables. We treat the assumed altitude as a soft constraint, with a specified noise level, just as the TOA measurements are handled, with their respective noise levels. With 4 or more TOA measurements and the assumed altitude, the problem is overdetermined and is solved in the weighted least squares sense for the 4 unknowns, the 3-dimensional position and time. We call the new technique the TAQMV (TOA Altitude Quartic Minimum Variance) algorithm, and it achieves the minimum possible error variance for given levels of TOA and altitude estimate noise. The method algebraically produces four solutions, the least-squares solution, and potentially three other low residual solutions, if they exist. In the lightly overdermined cases where multiple local minima in the residual error surface are more likely to occur, this algebraic approach can produce all of the minima even when an iterative approach fails to converge. Algorithm performance in terms of solution error variance and divergence rate for bas eline (iterative) and proposed approach are given in tables.

  15. The case for small-scale domestic cannabis cultivation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Decorte, Tom

    2010-07-01

    The shift to (inter)regional production, trade and domestic cultivation has become an irreversible international trend. Until now, the focus of most empirical work has been on large-scale, commercially oriented and professionally organized segments of the cannabis industry, often based on police data and on the perspective of law enforcement agencies. This paper offers a review of recent Dutch-language research that focuses on cannabis cultivation. Empirical studies were identified through literature searches using relevant search terms and Web of Science, Elin, Social Science Research Network and Elsevier ScienceDirect. The paper presents the main findings of Dutch and Belgian empirical work on the factors that stimulated the import substitution process on the cannabis market, aspects related to quality and potency issues, typologies of cannabis growers, and (unintended) effects of pursued policies. In the light of this (selective) review the author offers some commentary and analysis concerning the claims made by different stakeholders, and concludes with some reflections on future research and on policy implications. The author outlines the importance of small-scale, independent or ideologically oriented cannabis cultivation as an under-researched market segment. The author also makes a case for greater toleration of small-scale cannabis cultivation, to secure the least worst of cannabis markets. Copyright (c) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  16. Genitofemoral neuralgia: adding to the burden of chronic vulvar pain

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Verstraelen H

    2015-11-01

    Full Text Available Hans Verstraelen,1 Eline De Zutter,1 Martine De Muynck2 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Vulvovaginal Disease Clinic, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; 2Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium Abstract: The vulva is a particularly common locus of chronic pain with neuropathic characteristics that occurs in women of any age, though most women with neuropathic type chronic vulvar pain will remain undiagnosed even following multiple physician visits. Here, we report on an exemplary case of a middle-aged woman who was referred to the Vulvovaginal Disease Clinic with debilitating vulvar burning and itching over the right labium majus that had been persisting for 2 years and was considered intractable. Careful history taking and clinical examination, followed by electrophysiological assessment through somatosensory evoked potentials was consistent with genitofemoral neuralgia, for which no obvious cause could be identified. Adequate pain relief was obtained with a serotonin–noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor and topical gabapentin cream. We briefly discuss the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of genitofemoral neuralgia and provide a series of clues to guide clinicians in obtaining a presumptive diagnosis of specific neuropathic pain syndromes that may underlie chronic vulvar pain. We further aim to draw attention to the tremendous burden of chronic, unrecognized vulvar pain. Keywords: vulvar pain, genitofemoral nerve, neuropathic pain, vulvodynia, vulvar disease

  17. An Evaluation of the Errors in Cephalometric Measurements on Scanned Lateral Cephalometric Images using Computerized Cephalometric Program and Conventional Tracings

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    Priteshkumar Sureshchand Ganna

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Aim and objective: The aim of this study was to compare the cephalometric measurements using Nemoceph software with manual tracings. Materials and methods: The sample consisted of 60 lateral Cephalometric radiographs of patients randomly selected from the existing records of patients of Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, KVG Dental College and Hospital, Sullia, Dakshina Kannada. Nineteen angular and 11 linear measurements were analyzed on each radiograph. All the lateral cephalographs were hand-traced and the same Cephalographs were then scanned and were then digitally traced with Nemoceph software. The results were then tabulated in Microsoft excel. The level of significance (p-value was 0.05 and was set at p < 0.05. Paired t-test was performed using SPSS software for comparison between tracing done by manual method and by Nemoceph software. Results: Significant differences were found between the two methods for five (four angular and one linear out of 30 measurements. Those five were saddle angle, articular angle, upper lip to E-Line, Frankfort horizontal to lower incisor axis angle and lower incisor axis to mandibular plane angle. Conclusion: Both angular and linear measurements were accurate and reliable. Except, few measurements showing highly significant differences, the validity of the measurements with the Nemoceph software and with the conventional method were highly correlated.

  18. Evaluation of plastic materials for range shifting, range compensation, and solid-phantom dosimetry in carbon-ion radiotherapy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kanematsu, Nobuyuki; Koba, Yusuke; Ogata, Risa

    2013-01-01

    Purpose: Beam range control is the essence of radiotherapy with heavy charged particles. In conventional broad-beam delivery, fine range adjustment is achieved by insertion of range shifting and compensating materials. In dosimetry, solid phantoms are often used for convenience. These materials should ideally be equivalent to water. In this study, the authors evaluated dosimetric water equivalence of four common plastics, high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polyoxymethylene (POM). Methods: Using the Bethe formula for energy loss, the Gottschalk formula for multiple scattering, and the Sihver formula for nuclear interactions, the authors calculated the effective densities of the plastics for these interactions. The authors experimentally measured variation of the Bragg peak of carbon-ion beams by insertion of HDPE, PMMA, and POM, which were compared with analytical model calculations. Results: The theoretical calculation resulted in slightly reduced multiple scattering and severely increased nuclear interactions for HDPE, compared to water and the other plastics. The increase in attenuation of carbon ions for 20-cm range shift was experimentally measured to be 8.9% for HDPE, 2.5% for PMMA, and 0.0% for POM while PET was theoretically estimated to be in between PMMA and POM. The agreement between the measurements and the calculations was about 1% or better. Conclusions: For carbon-ion beams, POM was dosimetrically indistinguishable from water and the best of the plastics examined in this study. The poorest was HDPE, which would reduce the Bragg peak by 0.45% per cm range shift, although with marginal superiority for reduced multiple scattering. Between the two clear plastics, PET would be superior to PMMA in dosimetric water equivalence.

  19. Dealing with grief related to loss by death and chronic pain: An integrated theoretical framework. Part 1

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bodil Furnes

    2010-05-01

    Full Text Available Bodil Furnes, Elin DysvikUniversity of Stavanger, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Health Studies, Stavanger, NorwayObjective: Based on the present authors’ research and several approaches to grief related to loss by death and nonmalignant chronic pain, the paper suggests a new integrated theoretical framework for intervention in clinical settings.Methods: An open qualitative review of the literature on grief theories was performed searching for a new integrated approach in the phenomenological tradition. We then investigated the relationship between grief, loss and chronic nonmalignant pain, looking for main themes and connections and how these could be best understood in a more holistic manner.Results: Two main themes were formulated, “relearning the world” and “adaptation”. Between these themes a continuous movement emerged involving experience such as: “despair and hope”, “lack of understanding and insight”, “meaning disruption and increased meaning”, and “bodily discomfort and reintegrated body”. These were identified as paired subthemes.Conclusions: Grief as a distinctive experience means that health care must be aimed at each individual experience and situation. Grief experience and working with grief are considered in terms of relearning the world while walking backwards and living forwards, as described in our integrated model. We consider that this theoretical framework regarding grief should offer an integrated foundation for health care workers who are working with people experiencing grief caused by death or chronic pain.Keywords: health care, loss, grief

  20. Bioindicator responses and performance of plant species along a vehicular pollution gradient in western Himalaya.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kashyap, Rachit; Sharma, Rohit; Uniyal, Sanjay Kr

    2018-04-21

    Loss of green cover, and increasing pollution is a prime global concern. The problem calls for screening of pollution-tolerant tree species that can be integrated into plantation drives. Recognizing this, the study analyzed bio-indicator responses and performance of commonly occurring plant species along a pollution gradient in western Himalaya. Based on distance from the road, three sites viz., highly polluted (HP), moderately polluted (MP), and least polluted (LP), were identified. From these sites, leaves of commonly occurring 26 tree species were collected and analyzed for dust accumulation, total chlorophyll, relative water content (RWC), ascorbic acid, and pH using standard protocols. Later, assessment of Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) and Anticipated Performance Indices (API) was carried out. The results revealed variations in biochemical characteristics. The pH, RWC, and total chlorophyll increased with decreasing pollution while ascorbic acid increased with increasing pollution. Dust capturing potential of Ficus carica (1.191 mg/m 2 ) and Toona ciliata (0.820 mg/m 2 ) was relatively higher. Based on the results of APTI, Grevillea robusta was classified as tolerant. It scored significantly higher values (21.06, 21.19, and 19.61 in LP, MP, and HP sites, respectively). Quercus floribunda, G. robusta (68.75% each), Juglans regia (68.7%), and T. ciliata (62.50%) were good performers in HP sites. Acer caesium, Betula utilis, and Morus alba that had low API scores (43.75%) were predicted as poor performers. Thus, G. robusta, Q. floribunda, J. regia, T. ciliata, and F. carica were evaluated as best performers. They could be integrated into plantations drives for environmental management.

  1. Toxicity of Secondary Metabolites from Meliaceae Against Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Giongo, A M M; Vendramim, J D; Freitas, S D L; Silva, M F G F

    2016-12-01

    The study was carried out to evaluate the bioactivity of secondary metabolites from Trichilia pallida, Trichilia pallens, and Toona ciliata against fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) larvae. The studied compounds included (+/-)-catechins, a triglyceride, and cedrelone isolated from T. ciliata branches, fruits, and stems, respectively; dammaradienol isolated from T. pallida leaves; and scopoletin isolated from T. pallens branches. The compounds' activity was evaluated through ingestion and topic treatment. Treated artificial diet was offered to first instar larvae to evaluate ingestion effect, while an application on the dorsal thoracic region of third instar larvae was used to evaluate the topic effect. Mortality was assessed daily, and larval weight was recorded after 7 days for ingestion and 5 days for topic application. Scopoletin and triglyceride caused low mortality rates and reduction in larval weight by ingestion, (+/-)-catechins caused larval weight reduction by ingestion, and scopoletin reduced survival by topic treatment. The most effective compound was cedrelone that affected larval survival and development mainly by ingestion. The estimated LC 50 , LC 90 , and EC 50 for cedrelone were 0.0365, 0.0659, and 0.0095%, respectively. Further, cedrelone-treated corn leaf discs were offered to fourth instar larvae during 16 h in choice and no-choice tests. The deterrence indexes obtained in the choice tests were 23.5 and 36.3% at concentrations of 0.0365 and 0.0659, respectively. Consumption of cedrelone-treated leaf discs at the concentration of 0.0659% was lower compared to the control in the no-choice test. Thus, cedrelone caused lethal and sublethal effects and phagodeterrence on S. frugiperda and should be further studied.

  2. EXTERNAL FACTORS INFLUENCE ON INFLATION: THE CASE OF ROMANIA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ihnatov Iulian

    2011-07-01

    Full Text Available In this paper we try to assess the main external determinants of inflation dynamics in Romania. The literature in the field of measuring inflation dynamics is wealthy and various. There are many developing country - level studies that examine inflation dynamics: Blavy (2004 - Guinea, Duma (2008 - Sri Lanka, Gottschalk et al (2008 - Sierra Leone, Moriyama (2008 - Sudan, Mwase (2006 - Tanzania, Williams and Adedeji (2004 - Dominican Republic, Hossain (2005 - Indonesia, Almounsor (2010 - Yemen. The issue of Romanian inflation dynamics is present in many and various studies, like Hammermann (2007, Pelinescu and Dospinescu (2006, Budina et al (2006 etc. There are no other recent studies that analyze the external determinants on Romanian inflation dynamics. In our paper we estimate an OLS single equation model, using a methodology derived from Almounsor (2010. The empirical analysis uses monthly data from August 2005 to January 2011. The start point of the data series is the moment of a major change in the National Bank of Romania (NBR monetary policy: adoption of the inflation targeting regime. The independent variables used in our research are: harmonized consumer price index of EU-25 countries, EUR/RON exchange rate, crude oil price index (for analyzing the external shocks effect and M2 monetary aggregate (intermediate money supply as a control variable. The outcomes suggest that inflation in Romania is driven mainly by international price shocks - harmonized consumer price index of EU-25 countries. The EUR/RON exchange rate depreciation has a small influence on domestic inflation. In the short run, the effect of the international oil price is insignificant. Money supply, used here as a control variable, is shown to have a very small effect on inflation in Romania when using OLS regressions. The results show that 66% of the domestic inflation variance is explained by the independent variables in our model.

  3. Tööõnnetuse või kutsehaiguse tõttu tekitatud kahju hüvitamise õiguslik reguleerimine : [bakalaureusetöö] / Elin Kangor ; Tartu Ülikool, õigusteaduskond ; juhendaja: Gaabriel Tavits

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kangor, Elin

    2000-01-01

    Tööõnnetuskindlustuse regulatsioon Eesti Vabariigis 1918-40, tööõnnetuste ja kutsehaiguste kehtiv seadusandlus, kontseptsioon, kohtupraktika kahju hüvitamise kohta, rahvusvahelised standardid (ILO, Euroopa Sotsiaalkindlustuskoodeks)

  4. Health professionals’ experiences of person-centered collaboration in mental health care

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rita Sommerseth

    2008-10-01

    Full Text Available Rita Sommerseth, Elin DysvikUniversity of Stavanger, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Health Studies, Stavanger, NorwayObjective: The basic aim in this paper is to discuss health care professionals’ experiences of person-centered collaboration and involvement in mental health rehabilitation and suggest ways of improving this perspective. Furthermore, the paper explains the supportive systems that are at work throughout the process of rehabilitation.Method: The study design is a qualitative approach using three focus group interviews with a total of 17 informants with different professional backgrounds such as nurses, social workers, and social pedagogies. In addition, one nurse and one social worker participated in a semistructured in-depth interview to judge validity.Results: Our results may demonstrate deficits concerning mental health care on several levels. This understanding suggests firstly, that a person-centered perspective and involvement still are uncommon. Secondly, multidisciplinary work seems uncommon and only sporadically follows recommendations. Thirdly, family support is seldom involved. Lastly, firm leadership and knowledge about laws and regulations seems not to be systematically integrated in daily care.Conclusion: Taking these matters together, the improvement of a person-centered perspective implies cooperation between different services and levels in mental health care. In order to bring about improvement the health care workers must critically consider their own culture, coordination of competence must be increased, and leadership at an institutional and organizational level must be improved so that scarce rehabilitation resources are used to the optimal benefit of people with a mental illness.Keywords: multidisciplinary teams, person-centered collaboration, supportive systems, rehabilitation

  5. Can commonly used profile planes be used to evaluate changes in lower lip position?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Buschang, Peter H; Fretty, Kimberly; Campbell, Phillip M

    2011-07-01

    To determine the validity of five profile planes commonly used to describe the horizontal changes of the lower lip during orthodontic treatment. Pretreatment and posttreatment cephalograms of 79 patients (12.4 ± 2.8 years of age) were evaluated. Lower lip (labrale inferiorus) changes over time were measured relative to the Rickett's E-line, Steiner's S1-line, Burstone's B-line, Sushner's S2-line, and Holdaway's H-line. As an independent measure of actual horizontal lip changes, the labrale inferiorus was measured relative to a stable reference plane registered on the sella and oriented on the SN-7°. The lower lip actually moved anteriorly 2.35 ± 3.35 mm during orthodontic treatment; the five profile planes indicated that the lower lip moved to a more retrusive, posterior position. The five profile planes also showed no statistically significant sex differences in terms of the treatment changes that occurred, while the actual lip changes showed that males exhibited significantly greater changes than females. Actual treatment changes showed that the lower lip moved to a more protrusive position with nonextraction than with extraction treatments, changes that were not evident based on the five profile lines. While lip changes based on the five profile planes demonstrated moderately high to high intercorrelations ranging from 0.81 to 0.97, they showed only weak correlations (r planes measured similar aspects of positional change, none of them closely reflected the actual lower lip changes that occurred. These planes should not be used to measure changes in lip position that occur during treatment.

  6. Aus dem Land des roten Drachen

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Thomas Krause

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available Rezensierte Werke: Thomas Glyn Watkin, The Legal History of Wales, Cardiff: University of Wales Press 2007, X, 332 p., ISBN 978-0-7083-2064-8; Legal Wales: its Past, its Future. Essays dedicated to Professor Dafydd Jenkins on his ninetieth birthday, ed. by Thomas Glyn Watkin, Cardiff: Welsh Legal History Society 2001, XI, 181 p., ISBN 0-9541637-0-2; The Trial of Dic Penderyn and other Essays, ed. by Thomas Glyn Watkin, Cardiff: Welsh Legal History Society 2003, X, 196 p., ISBN 0-9541637-1-0; Y Cyfraniad Cymreig – Welsh Contributions to Legal Development, ed. by Thomas Glyn Watkin, Bangor: Welsh Legal History Society 2005, XI, 231 p., ISBN 0-9541637-2-9; Sir William Jones, An Essay of the Law of Bailments, 1781, ed. by David J. Ibbetson, Bangor: Welsh Legal History Society 2007, ISBN 0-9541637-3-7; Tair Colofn Cyfraith = The Three Columns of Law in Medieval Wales: Homicide, Theft and Fire, ed. by T.M. Charles-Edwards and Paul Russell, Bangor: Welsh Legal History Society 2007, ISBN 978-0-9541637-4-7; Sara Elin Roberts, The Legal Triads of Medieval Wales, Cardiff: University of Wales Press 2007, XV, 461 p., ISBN 978-0-7083-2107-2; Richard W. Ireland, A Want of Order…, Cardiff: University of Wales Press 2007, XIII, 302 p., ISBN 978-0-7083-1945-1; Sharon Howard, Law and Disorder in Early Modern Wales: Crime and Authority in the Denbighshire Courts, c. 1660–1730, Cardiff: University of Wales Press 2008, XXII, 295 p., ISBN 978-0-7083-1994-9

  7. The Influence of Class II Division 2 Malocclusions on the Harmony of the Human Face Profile.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Perović, Tatjana

    2017-11-24

    BACKGROUND Persons with class II division 2 malocclusion are characterized by a very specific dento-skeletal and soft-tissue profile (a profile in which a protruding nose and chin, retruding lips, concave and shortened lower third of the face, and gummy smile are dominant), which is the opposite of the currently modern profiles (convex profile of protruding lips and small chin). The aim of this research was to determine the differences in parameters of harmonies of facial profiles between persons with class II division 2 malocclusions and class I, and to establish the significance of those differences. MATERIAL AND METHODS For this study, 50 patients with class II division 2 malocclusions and 50 patients with class I were selected; profile photos were recorded and a photometric analysis was done: a type of profile according to Schwarz, the shape of a nose, the prominence of chin, biometrical field, the position of lips in relation to the tangent Sn-Pg, S-line (Steiner), E-line (Riketts) and a facial angle according to Arnett. RESULTS The significant differences in profiles of persons with class II division 2 compared to class I were: position and prominence of the chin, the position of the lower and upper lip in relation to the S-line, and smaller value of a facial angle in relation to persons with class I. CONCLUSIONS The differences seen in skeletal profiles were not associated with significant differences in the profiled facial contours of the examined groups. The compensatory role of the fullness of soft tissues of the lips is probably the reason why there were not significant deviations in all the examined parameters.

  8. Do ultra-orphan medicinal products warrant ultra-high prices? A review

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Picavet E

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available Eline Picavet,1 David Cassiman,2 Steven Simoens1 1Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; 2Department of Hepatology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Abstract: Ultra-orphan medicinal products (ultra-OMPs are intended for the treatment, prevention, or diagnosis of ultra-rare diseases, ie, life-threatening or chronically debilitating diseases that affect less than one per 50,000 individuals. Recently, high prices for ultra-OMPs have given rise to debate on the sustainability and justification of these prices. The aim of this article is to review the international scientific literature on the pricing of ultra-OMPs and to provide an overview of the current knowledge on the drivers of ultra-OMP pricing. The pricing process of ultra-OMPs is a complex and nontransparent issue. Evidence in the literature seems to indicate that ultra-OMPs are priced according to rarity and what the manufacturer believes the market will bear. Additionally, there appears to be a trend between the price of an ultra-OMP and the number of available alternatives. Patients, third-party payers, and pharmaceutical companies could benefit from more transparent pricing strategies. With a view to containing health care costs, it is likely that cost-sharing strategies, such as performance-based risk sharing arrangements, will become increasingly more important. However, it is vital that any measures for price control are consistent with the intended goals of the incentives to promote the development of new OMPs. Ideally, a balance must be struck between attaining affordable prices for ultra-OMPs and securing a realistic return on investment for the pharmaceutical industry. Keywords: ultra-orphan medicinal product, ultra-rare disease, pricing

  9. Review: Assessment of completeness of reporting in intervention studies using livestock: an example from pain mitigation interventions in neonatal piglets.

    Science.gov (United States)

    O'Connor, A; Anthony, R; Bergamasco, L; Coetzee, J F; Dzikamunhenga, R S; Johnson, A K; Karriker, L A; Marchant-Forde, J N; Martineau, G P; Millman, S T; Pajor, E A; Rutherford, K; Sprague, M; Sutherland, M A; von Borell, E; Webb, S R

    2016-04-01

    Accurate and complete reporting of study methods, results and interpretation are essential components for any scientific process, allowing end-users to evaluate the internal and external validity of a study. When animals are used in research, excellence in reporting is expected as a matter of continued ethical acceptability of animal use in the sciences. Our primary objective was to assess completeness of reporting for a series of studies relevant to mitigation of pain in neonatal piglets undergoing routine management procedures. Our second objective was to illustrate how authors can report the items in the Reporting guidElines For randomized controLled trials for livEstoCk and food safety (REFLECT) statement using examples from the animal welfare science literature. A total of 52 studies from 40 articles were evaluated using a modified REFLECT statement. No single study reported all REFLECT checklist items. Seven studies reported specific objectives with testable hypotheses. Six studies identified primary or secondary outcomes. Randomization and blinding were considered to be partially reported in 21 and 18 studies, respectively. No studies reported the rationale for sample sizes. Several studies failed to report key design features such as units for measurement, means, standard deviations, standard errors for continuous outcomes or comparative characteristics for categorical outcomes expressed as either rates or proportions. In the discipline of animal welfare science, authors, reviewers and editors are encouraged to use available reporting guidelines to ensure that scientific methods and results are adequately described and free of misrepresentations and inaccuracies. Complete and accurate reporting increases the ability to apply the results of studies to the decision-making process and prevent wastage of financial and animal resources.

  10. Quality Of Life and Nursing: a Position Paper

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Antigoni Fountouki

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Introduction: This paper presents a historical review of quality assurance in nursing with terminologicaldefinitions. General issues involving the evaluation of quality of care are discussed and key questions tackled.Aims: The aims of this paper were to critically discuss and analyze the essence of quality as a construct with highrelevance to nursing practice. Also, to look at quality through a series of important benchmark questions such aswho evaluates, who is the evaluated, what is evaluated, whose interests are involved.Methods: An online search in Medline, CINHAL, PsycINFO, ELIN, Embase, and the Cochrane Database ofSystematic Reviews was conducted. Retrieved studies were screened to meet certain inclusion criteria, i.e.relevance, significant meanings in correspondence with this paper’s aims and of interest to an international nursingreadership.Results: Data were abstracted from each paper and tabulated for further discussion and data synthesis. Nurses havebeen fervent supporters of quality assurance as it provides feedback to the profession about its practices andeffectiveness of care. The hospital, as an independent organization in the health care industry, sees nursing as theprovider closest to the consumer so is very concerned with the quality of nursing care. Nurses see through the lensof the customer and understand his or her wants and needs and therefore understand business better than otherproviders.Conclusions: The main conclusion of this position paper is that a major underlying reason for quality of careevaluation is the measurement of costs. As the goal for every successful manager is to minimise costs whilemaintaining quality. This equates nursing evaluation to the evaluation of a business model- a parallel which doesnot appeal to the caring profession of nursing.

  11. Clinical, endoscopical and morphological efficacy of mesalazine in patients with irritable bowel syndrome

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dorofeyev AE

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available Andrey E Dorofeyev1, Elena A Kiriyan2, Inna V Vasilenko1, Olga A Rassokhina1, Andrey F Elin11National Medical University, Donetsk, Ukraine; 2Gastroenterological Center of Poltava Hospital Clinic, Poltava, UkraineObjectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical efficacy and cytomorphologic changes of colon mucosa following the treatment of patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS with mesalazine (5-aminosalicylic acid [5-ASA].Methods: In this controlled, randomized, blind clinical trial, a total of 360 patients with varying subtypes of IBS were randomly treated with 500 mg of mesalazine qid or by standard therapy without mesalazine for a period of 28 days. Pre- and post-treatment pain intensity, pain duration, meteorism, stool abnormalities and endoscopic parameters were monitored, and biopsies or brush biopsies were examined histologically.Results: Treatment of IBS patients with mesalazine significantly reduced intensity and duration of pain in all subtypes of IBS, except for duration of pain in the subtype “undifferentiated”, where the difference was not significant. In addition, in patients with diarrhea type and undifferentiated type of IBS, mesalazine also significantly reduced the abnormal stool pattern. In comparison to the control group, administration of mesalazine reduced the incidence of endoscopic and cytomorphologic changes of the bowel mucosa, including changes in colon mucus, mucus production, cytologic or histologic parameters, epithelial cell degeneration, appearance of leukocytes and macrophages and cell infiltrations.Conclusion: Mesalazine was effective in reducing several symptoms characteristic of IBS. It significantly reduced pain intensity and duration and improved cytohistologic parameters of the bowel mucosa.Keywords: 5-amino salicylic acid, 5-ASA, abdominal pain, irritable bowel syndrome, IBS, meteorism, stool abnormalities

  12. Bone and Soft Tissue Changes after Two-Jaw Surgery in Cleft Patients

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yung Sang Yun

    2015-07-01

    Full Text Available BackgroundOrthognathic surgery is required in 25% to 35% of patients with a cleft lip and palate, for whom functional recovery and aesthetic improvement after surgery are important. The aim of this study was to examine maxillary and mandibular changes, along with concomitant soft tissue changes, in cleft patients who underwent LeFort I osteotomy and sagittal split ramus osteotomy (two-jaw surgery.MethodsTwenty-eight cleft patients who underwent two-jaw surgery between August 2008 and November 2013 were included. Cephalometric analysis was conducted before and after surgery. Preoperative and postoperative measurements of the bone and soft tissue were compared.ResultsThe mean horizontal advancement of the maxilla (point A was 6.12 mm, while that of the mandible (point B was -5.19 mm. The mean point A-nasion-point B angle was -4.1° before surgery, and increased to 2.5° after surgery. The mean nasolabial angle was 72.7° before surgery, and increased to 88.7° after surgery. The mean minimal distance between Rickett's E-line and the upper lip was 6.52 mm before surgery and 1.81 mm after surgery. The ratio of soft tissue change to bone change was 0.55 between point A and point A' and 0.93 between point B and point B'.ConclusionsPatients with cleft lip and palate who underwent two-jaw surgery showed optimal soft tissue changes. The position of the soft tissue (point A' was shifted by a distance equal to 55% of the change in the maxillary bone. Therefore, bone surgery without soft tissue correction can achieve good aesthetic results.

  13. Ground source geothermal heat. Ground source heat pumps and underground thermal energy storage systems. Proceedings; Oberflaechennahe Geothermie. Erdgekoppelte Waermepumpen und unterirdische thermische Energiespeicher. Tagungsband

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    NONE

    2009-07-01

    source geothermal heat: practical aspects (Reiner Brumme); (17) Air-soil heat exchanger: State of the art and operational experience (Mario Psyk); (18) Regeneration of soil by unglazed solar collectors (Erik Bertram); (19) Geothermal heating of free terrains (Daniel Gottschalk); (20) Geothermal heat probes with phase change materials (Rolf Wagner).

  14. Control of the heart rate of rat embryos during the organogenic period

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ritchie HE

    2016-11-01

    Full Text Available Helen E Ritchie,1 Carolina Ragnerstam,2 Elin Gustafsson,2 Johanna M Jonsson,2 William S Webster2 1Discipline of Biomedical Science, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Lidcombe, 2Department of Anatomy and Histology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia Abstract: The aim of this study was to gain insight into whether the first trimester embryo could control its own heart rate (HR in response to hypoxia. The gestational day 13 rat embryo is a good model for the human embryo at 5–6 weeks gestation, as the heart is comparable in development and, like the human embryo, has no functional autonomic nerve supply at this stage. Utilizing a whole-embryo culture technique, we examined the effects of different pharmacological agents on HR under normoxic (95% oxygen and hypoxic (20% oxygen conditions. Oxygen concentrations ≤60% caused a concentration-dependent decrease in HR from normal levels of ~210 bpm. An adenosine agonist, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK activator and KATP channel opener all caused bradycardia in normoxic conditions; however, putative antagonists for these systems failed to prevent or ameliorate hypoxia-induced bradycardia. This suggests that the activation of one or more of these systems is not the primary cause of the observed hypoxia-induced bradycardia. Inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation also decreased HR in normoxic conditions, highlighting the importance of ATP levels. The β-blocker metoprolol caused a concentration-dependent reduction in HR supporting reports that β1-adrenergic receptors are present in the early rat embryonic heart. The cAMP inducer colforsin induced a positive chronotropic effect in both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Overall, the embryonic HR at this stage of development is responsive to the level of oxygenation, probably as a consequence of its influence on ATP production. Keywords: embryonic heart rate, embryo, bradycardia, in vitro, ATP, hypoxia

  15. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or both? Diagnostic labeling and spirometry in primary care patients aged 40 years or more

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Melbye H

    2011-11-01

    Full Text Available Hasse Melbye1, Elin Drivenes1, Lene G Dalbak2, Tone Leinan1, Svein Høegh-Henrichsen2, Anders Østrem21General Practice Research Unit, Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, 2General Practice Research Unit, Department of Health and Society, University of Oslo, NorwayAims: To describe symptoms and lung function in patients registered with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD in primary care and to examine how spirometry findings fit with general practitioners’ (GPs diagnoses.Methods: Patients aged ≥40 years with a diagnosis of asthma or COPD registered in the electronic medical record during the previous 5 years were recruited at seven GP offices in Norway in 2009–2010. Registered diagnosis, spirometry results, comorbidity, and reported symptoms were compared.Results: Among 376 patients, 62% were women. Based on Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Diseases criteria, a spirometry diagnosis of COPD could be made in 68.1% of the patients with a previous COPD diagnosis and in 17.1% of those diagnosed with asthma only (P < 0.001. The κ agreement between last clinical diagnosis of COPD and COPD based on spirometry was 0.50. A restrictive spirometry pattern was found in 19.4% and more frequently in patients diagnosed with both asthma and COPD (23.9% than in patients diagnosed with COPD only (6.8%, P = 0.003.Conclusion: The ability of GPs to differentiate between asthma and COPD seems to have considerably improved during the last decade, probably due to the dissemination of spirometry and guidelines for COPD diagnosis. A diagnosis of COPD that cannot be confirmed by spirometry represents a challenge in clinical practice, in particular when a restrictive pattern on spirometry is found.Keywords: asthma, COPD, diagnosis, primary care

  16. CH{sub 3} and CD{sub 3} radicals isolated in argon: high resolution ESR spectra and analysis by three-dimensional quantum rotor model. A case study of low temperature quantum effects on radicals

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Shiotani, Masaru; Yamada, Tomoya; Komaguchi, Kenji [Hiroshima Univ., Higashi-Hiroshima (Japan). Faculty of Engineering; Benetis, N.P.; Lund, A.; Soernes, A.R.

    1998-10-01

    The present study deals with high resolution isotropic ESR spectra of the CH{sub 3} and CD{sub 3} radicals isolated in solid argon matrix at low temperature from 4 K to 40 K. Argon gases mixed with methane (Ar/methane {approx_equal} 500 mole ratio) were condensed at the end of Suprasile ESR tube at 4.2 K. Methyl radicals were generated by X-ray irradiation at 4 K and subjected to an ESR study. The 6.0 K ESR spectrum of the CH{sub 4}/Ar system is shown in Fig. 1. For CH{sub 3} radical the {sup 1}H hyperfine (hf) quartet was observed with an equal intensity (A-lines). The E-lines were absent at 4 K, but became visible at m{sub F} = {+-}1/2 positions above 12 K increased with temperature. The CD{sub 3} gave a peculiar spectrum at 4 K with an abnormally strong central singlet superimposed on a much weaker seven line spectrum of a freely rotating CD{sub 3}. The temperature dependent spectra showed clear quantum effects due to three-dimensional spin-rotation couplings. The spectra were analyzed with the following assumptions: (a) a planar D{sub 3} geometry, (b) a free and three-dimensional quantum rotation and (c) a thermally isolated radical. Application of the Pauli principle in combination to the D{sub 3} point group resulted in interesting selections for ESR-transitions for both the CH{sub 3} and CD{sub 3} spectra. That is, the {sup 1}H hf quartet of CH{sub 3} radical (A-lines) was attributed to the rotational ground state, J=0, with totally symmetric A{sub 1} nuclear states. The central strong singlet of CD{sub 3} was attributed to one spin-rotation state with A{sub 2} antisymmetric nuclear states at the lowest rotational level of J=0. (author)

  17. Negotiating a new day: parents' contributions to supporting students' school functioning after exposure to trauma

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Grell

    2016-04-01

    Full Text Available Eline Grelland Røkholt,1 Jon-Håkon Schultz,2,3 Åse Langballe2 1Department of Allied Health, Bereavement Support Center, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, 2Norwegian Center for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies, Oslo, 3Department of Education, University of Tromsø, the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway Abstract: Parents are advised to get their children back to school soon after exposure to trauma, so that they may receive social support and restore the supportive structure of everyday life. This study explores parents' experiences of supporting adolescents in regaining school functioning after the July 2011 massacre at Utøya summer camp in Norway. One year after the attack, 87 parents of 63 young people who survived the massacre were interviewed using qualitative interviews. The qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis. All parents were actively supportive of their children, and described a demanding process of establishing new routines to make school attendance possible. Most parents described radical changes in their adolescents. The struggle of establishing routines often brought conflict and frustration into the parent–adolescent relationship. Parents were given general advice, but reported being left alone to translate this into action. The first school year after the trauma was described as a frustrating and lonely struggle: their adolescents were largely unable to restore normal daily life and school functioning. In 20% of the cases, school–home relationships were strained and were reported as a burden because of poor understanding of needs and insufficient educational adaptive measures; a further 20% reported conflict in school–home relationships, while 50% were either positive or neutral. The last 10%, enrolled in apprenticeship, dropped out, or started working, instead of finishing school. Implications for supporting parents with traumatized adolescent students are indicated. Keywords

  18. A spoonful of care ethics: The challenges of enriching medical education.

    Science.gov (United States)

    van Reenen, Eva; van Nistelrooij, Inge

    2017-01-01

    Nursing Ethics has featured several discussions on what good care comprises and how to achieve good care practices. We should "nurse" ethics by continuously reflecting on the way we "do" ethics, which is what care ethicists have been doing over the past few decades and continue to do so. Ethics is not limited to nursing but extends to all caring professions. In 2011, Elin Martinsen argued in this journal that care should be included as a core concept in medical ethical terminology because of "the harm to which patients may be exposed owing to a lack of care in the clinical encounter," specifically between doctors and patients. However, Martinsen leaves the didactical challenges arising from such a venture open for further enquiry. In this article, we explore the challenges arising from implementing care-ethical insights into medical education. Medical education in the Netherlands is investigated through a "care-ethical lens". This means exploring the possibility of enriching medical education with care-ethical insights, while at the same time discovering possible challenges emerging from such an undertaking. Participants and research context: This paper has been written from the academic context of a master in care ethics and policy. Ethical considerations: We have tried to be fair and respectful to the authors discussed and take a neutral stance towards the findings portrayed. Several challenges are identified, which we narrow down to two types: didactical and non-didactical. In order to overcome these challenges, we must not underestimate the possible resistance to a paradigm shift. Our efforts should mainly target the learning that takes place in the clinical phases of medical training and should be accompanied by the creation of awareness in healthcare practice.

  19. Characterization of a posed smile and evaluation of facial attractiveness by panel perception and its correlation with hard and soft tissue.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Malhotra, Smriti; Sidhu, Maninder Singh; Prabhakar, Mona; Kochhar, Anuraj Singh

    2012-01-01

    To examine whether specific hard and soft tissue had any effect on smile characteristics and to ascertain the opinions of laypersons and clinicians in evaluating facial attractiveness among different occlusions. Photographs of posed smiles, along with profiles and full faces, of 76 patients with different occlusions were captured, and a lateral cephalogram of each subject was traced. These photographs were judged by a panel of 10 clinicians and 10 laypersons on a 5-point visual analog scale. Quantitative measurements were carried out on the smile images for 14 smile characteristics. The effect of hard and soft tissue on these characteristics was also examined. The upper vermilion lip thickness was affected by Pt.A-UI and E-line to upper lip, while the lower vermilion lip thickness was affected by lower anterior facial height. FMA had a significant positive effect on gingival display (P ≤ .05). This meant that an increase in FMA also caused the gingival display to increase. The nasolabial angle showed a significant positive effect on incisal display, while FMA showed a negative effect on intercanine width. Lower facial height and FMA had a significant negative effect on the smile index. A correlation was found between the judgments of clinicians and laypersons. Both judged Class I relationships to be the most attractive. FMA was found to have a positive effect on the amount of gingival display. It was also observed that patients with Class II Division 1 relationships had the thickest lips compared with patients having other types of occlusions. Class III patients exhibited no gingival display on smile. Patients with Class I showed the maximum smile width, while patients with Class III showed the least amount of buccal corridor.

  20. Estratégias de seleção de clones de Toona ciliata M. Roemer var. australis para biomecânica de árvores e qualidade da madeira

    OpenAIRE

    Valle, Mara Lúcia Agostini

    2014-01-01

    Com o objetivo de propor uma metodologia para seleção de clones para aumentar a estabilidade mecânica de árvores e melhorar a qualidade da madeira para processamento primário avaliou-se sete clones de T. ciliata, cultivados em plantio piloto e com três anos de idade. Foram avaliadas as tensões de crescimento na madeira de tração e normal dentro de uma amplitude de posição angular de 0 a 270⁰. Na análise dos dados constatou-se significantes efeitos da interação de posição dentro de clone as qu...

  1. Riigivõimu ülesannete üleandmine eraõiguslikele isikutele vabakutseliste kohtutäiturite näitel : [bakalaureusetöö] / Elin Palts ; Tartu Ülikooli Õigusinstituut ; juhendajad: Jaanus Ots, Kaire Pikamäe

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Palts, Elin

    2003-01-01

    Avaliku halduse reformi mõiste, avalike ülesannete eraõiguslikele isikutele üleandmise erinevad mudelid, täitevsüsteemi reform, avalik-õiguslike nõuete jaotamine kohtutäiturite vahel, lisateenuste osutamine kohtutäiturite poolt

  2. Loneliness, loss, and social support among cognitively intact older people with cancer, living in nursing homes – a mixed-methods study

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Drageset J

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available Jorunn Drageset,1,2 Geir Egil Eide,2,3 Elin Dysvik,4 Bodil Furnes,4 Solveig Hauge51Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bergen University College, Bergen, Norway; 2Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; 3Centre for Clinical Research, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; 4Department of Health Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway; 5Faculty of Health and Social Studies and Centre for Caring Research – Southern Norway, Telemark University College, Porsgrunn, NorwayBackground: Loneliness is a significant psychosocial effect following a cancer diagnosis and may prevent people from engaging in social activities, thus creating difficulties in interpersonal relationships. This study investigated loneliness and social support among cognitively intact nursing home residents with cancer by using a quantitatively driven mixed-methods design with sequential supplementary qualitative components.Methods: The quantitative component consisted of face-to-face interviews of 60 nursing home residents (≥65 years using the one-item Loneliness Scale and the Social Provisions Scale. The supplementary psychosocial component consisted of qualitative research interviews about experiences related to loneliness with nine respondents.Results: The quantitative results indicated that reassurance of worth was associated with loneliness. The experience of loneliness was identified by the following: loneliness that was dominated by a feeling of inner pain, feeling of loss, and feeling small. Loneliness was alleviated by the following: being engaged in activities, being in contact with other people, and occupying oneself.Conclusion: Enhancing the lives of nursing home residents with cancer requires attending to the residents’ experience of loneliness and social relationships in a targeted and individualized manner. This might require screening all nursing home residents

  3. Older patients' experiences during care transition

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rustad EC

    2016-05-01

    Full Text Available Else Cathrine Rustad,1–4 Bodil Furnes,1 Berit Seiger Cronfalk,2,5,6 Elin Dysvik1 1Department of Health Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway; 2Faculty of Health and Caring Sciences, Stord Haugesund University College, Stord, Norway; 3Research Network on Integrated Health Care in Western Norway, Helse Fonna Local Health Authority, Haugesund, Norway; 4Department of Clinical Medicine, Helse Fonna Local Health Authority, Haugesund, Norway; 5Palliative Research Center, Ersta Sköndal University College, Stockholm, Sweden; 6Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Background: A fragmented health care system leads to an increased demand for continuity of care across health care levels. Research indicates age-related differences during care transition, with the oldest patients having experiences and needs that differ from those of other patients. To meet the older patients’ needs and preferences during care transition, professionals must understand their experiences.Objective: The purpose of the study was to explore how patients ≥80 years of age experienced the care transition from hospital to municipal health care services.Methods: The study has a descriptive, explorative design, using semistructured interviews. Fourteen patients aged ≥80 participated in the study. Qualitative content analysis was used to describe the individuals’ experiences during care transition.Results: Two complementary themes emerged during the analysis: “Participation depends on being invited to plan the care transition” and “Managing continuity of care represents a complex and challenging process”.Discussion: Lack of participation, insufficient information, and vague responsibilities among staff during care transition seemed to limit the continuity of care. The patients are the vulnerable part of the care transition process, although they possess important

  4. Chemical composition and fuel wood characteristics of fast growing tree species in India

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chauhan, S. K.; Soni, R.

    2012-04-01

    ,Terminalia arjuna, Toona ciliate, etc. have better fuelwood properties and can be considered for inclusion in the energy plantation programme to minimize pressure on the traditional forests. Key words: Short rotation tree species, bio-energy, calorific value, bio-chemicals

  5. [Dynamics of microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen during foliar litter decomposition under artificial forest gap in Pinus massoniana plantation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Ming Jin; Chen, Liang Hua; Zhang, Jian; Yang, Wan Qin; Liu, Hua; Li, Xun; Zhang, Yan

    2016-03-01

    Nowadays large areas of plantations have caused serious ecological problems such as soil degradation and biodiversity decline. Artificial tending thinning and construction of mixed forest are frequently used ways when we manage plantations. To understand the effect of this operation mode on nutrient cycle of plantation ecosystem, we detected the dynamics of microbial bio-mass carbon and nitrogen during foliar litter decomposition of Pinus massoniana and Toona ciliate in seven types of gap in different sizes (G 1 : 100 m 2 , G 2 : 225 m 2 , G 3 : 400 m 2 , G 4 : 625 m 2 , G 5 : 900 m 2 , G 6 : 1225 m 2 , G 7 : 1600 m 2 ) of 42-year-old P. massoniana plantations in a hilly area of the upper Yang-tze River. The results showed that small and medium-sized forest gaps(G 1 -G 5 ) were more advantageous for the increment of microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in the process of foliar litter decomposition. Along with the foliar litter decomposition during the experiment (360 d), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) in P. massoniana foliar litter and MBN in T. ciliata foliar litter first increased and then decreased, and respectively reached the maxima 9.87, 0.22 and 0.80 g·kg -1 on the 180 th d. But the peak (44.40 g·kg -1 ) of MBC in T. ciliata foliar litter appeared on the 90 th d. Microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in T. ciliate was significantly higher than that of P. massoniana during foliar litter decomposition. Microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in foliar litter was not only significantly associated with average daily temperature and the water content of foliar litter, but also closely related to the change of the quality of litter. Therefore, in the thinning, forest gap size could be controlled in the range of from 100 to 900 m 2 to facilitate the increase of microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in the process of foliar litter decomposition, accelerate the decomposition of foliar litter and improve soil fertility of plantations.

  6. India [Status and technology of polymer-containing fibrous materials in the Eastern Hemisphere

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Iya, V. K. [Isotope Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Bombay (India)

    1968-10-15

    Forest resources such as wood and bamboo and other fibrous materials such as bagasse, jute and coir constitute important basic raw materials for the economic development of India. In spite of the variety and number of trees growing in India, the country is facing a shortage of high-grade timbers such as teak, sal (Shorea robusta) and deodar (Cedrus deodara), which are used in construction work requiring mechanical strength and durability. This shortage is reflected in the present trend in India to carry out all construction work in concrete and steel, even where timber is more suitable. This situation arose partly from the indiscriminate use of the better species for all types of work. The growing demand for timber (section 3 below) can be met only if the weaker and less durable varieties, which now serve mostly as fuel wood, can be more efficiently utilized. Table I lists the Indian woods which show promise for development into wood-polymer combinations. Species such as the Indian oaks, birch, maple, walnut, yew, ash, pencil cedar wood and Indian rose wood are required for special items such as decorative furniture, cabinets, sports goods, guns and rifles, and have been scarce or difficult to obtain from the remote Himalayan regions where they grow. Most of these have to be imported at increased prices to meet the demands for these purposes. Cheaper woods such as toon (Cedrela toona), mango, sissoo (Dalbergia sissoo) and silver oak, which are grown in the plains as shade trees and in plantations, can, after suitable treatment, be used as effective substitutes. The built-in finish, the possibility of introducing colouring matter, and the extra hardness and abrasion resistance attributed to wood-polymer combinations should be special attractions. The extra cost for treatment may be more than offset by this aspect and there should be no difficulty in finding a market for WPC in India. However, the situation may not be the same with WPC for general utility, and a

  7. On the nuclear halo of a proton pencil beam stopping in water

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gottschalk, Bernard; Cascio, Ethan W; Daartz, Juliane; Wagner, Miles S

    2015-01-01

    according to the Beth-Bloch formula. If that is correct, it is no longer necessary to measure T(w), and the dominant role played by the ‘Bragg peak chamber’ vanishes.For mathematical and other details we will refer to Gottschalk et al (2014, arXiv: 1409.1938v1), a long technical report of this project. (paper)

  8. On the nuclear halo of a proton pencil beam stopping in water

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gottschalk, Bernard; Cascio, Ethan W.; Daartz, Juliane; Wagner, Miles S.

    2015-07-01

    energy according to the Beth-Bloch formula. If that is correct, it is no longer necessary to measure T(w), and the dominant role played by the ‘Bragg peak chamber’ vanishes. For mathematical and other details we will refer to Gottschalk et al (2014, arXiv: 1409.1938v1), a long technical report of this project.

  9. A pencil beam algorithm for helium ion beam therapy

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Fuchs, Hermann; Stroebele, Julia; Schreiner, Thomas; Hirtl, Albert; Georg, Dietmar [Christian Doppler Laboratory for Medical Radiation Research for Radiation Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna (Austria); Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of Vienna/AKH Vienna, 1090 Vienna (Austria) and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna/AKH Vienna, 1090 Vienna (Austria); Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of Vienna/AKH Vienna (Austria) and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna/AKH Vienna, 1090 Vienna (Austria); PEG MedAustron, 2700 Wiener Neustadt (Austria); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna (Austria); Christian Doppler Laboratory for Medical Radiation Research for Radiation Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna (Austria); Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of Vienna/AKH Vienna, 1090 Vienna (Austria) and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna/AKH Vienna, 1090 Vienna (Austria)

    2012-11-15

    Purpose: To develop a flexible pencil beam algorithm for helium ion beam therapy. Dose distributions were calculated using the newly developed pencil beam algorithm and validated using Monte Carlo (MC) methods. Methods: The algorithm was based on the established theory of fluence weighted elemental pencil beam (PB) kernels. Using a new real-time splitting approach, a minimization routine selects the optimal shape for each sub-beam. Dose depositions along the beam path were determined using a look-up table (LUT). Data for LUT generation were derived from MC simulations in water using GATE 6.1. For materials other than water, dose depositions were calculated by the algorithm using water-equivalent depth scaling. Lateral beam spreading caused by multiple scattering has been accounted for by implementing a non-local scattering formula developed by Gottschalk. A new nuclear correction was modelled using a Voigt function and implemented by a LUT approach. Validation simulations have been performed using a phantom filled with homogeneous materials or heterogeneous slabs of up to 3 cm. The beams were incident perpendicular to the phantoms surface with initial particle energies ranging from 50 to 250 MeV/A with a total number of 10{sup 7} ions per beam. For comparison a special evaluation software was developed calculating the gamma indices for dose distributions. Results: In homogeneous phantoms, maximum range deviations between PB and MC of less than 1.1% and differences in the width of the distal energy falloff of the Bragg-Peak from 80% to 20% of less than 0.1 mm were found. Heterogeneous phantoms using layered slabs satisfied a {gamma}-index criterion of 2%/2mm of the local value except for some single voxels. For more complex phantoms using laterally arranged bone-air slabs, the {gamma}-index criterion was exceeded in some areas giving a maximum {gamma}-index of 1.75 and 4.9% of the voxels showed {gamma}-index values larger than one. The calculation precision of the

  10. The Virtual Care Climate Questionnaire: Development and Validation of a Questionnaire Measuring Perceived Support for Autonomy in a Virtual Care Setting.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Smit, Eline Suzanne; Dima, Alexandra Lelia; Immerzeel, Stephanie Annette Maria; van den Putte, Bas; Williams, Geoffrey Colin

    2017-05-08

    and relationships with relevant concepts, and the studies presented suggest this first version of the virtual climate care questionnaire to be reasonably valid and reliable. As a result, the current version may cautiously be used in future research and practice to measure perceived support for autonomy within a virtual care climate. Future research efforts are required that focus on further investigating the virtual climate care questionnaire's divergent validity, on determining the virtual climate care questionnaire's validity and reliability when used in the context of Web-based interventions aimed at improving nonaddictive or other health behaviors, and on developing and validating a short form virtual climate care questionnaire. ©Eline Suzanne Smit, Alexandra Lelia Dima, Stephanie Annette Maria Immerzeel, Bas van den Putte, Geoffrey Colin Williams. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 08.05.2017.

  11. Personalized Web-Based Advice in Combination With Well-Child Visits to Prevent Overweight in Young Children: Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.

    Science.gov (United States)

    van Grieken, Amy; Vlasblom, Eline; Wang, Lu; Beltman, Maaike; Boere-Boonekamp, Magda M; L'Hoir, Monique P; Raat, Hein

    2017-07-27

    used to evaluate the primary outcomes at 36 months of age. At 36 months, we observed no differences between health-related behaviors of children, BMI or the percentage of children having overweight or obesity in the control and intervention group (P>.05). An analysis of the intervention effect revealed that boys benefited from eating breakfast daily, non-Dutch children spent more time being active or playing outdoors, children of low-educated parents and of overweight and obese mothers spent less time watching TV or using the computer, and children of normal weight mothers drank less sweetened beverages (Pchildren's BMI. We conclude that the E-health4Uth Healthy Toddler intervention may be useful for pediatric health care professionals in terms of providing parents with personalized information regarding their child's health-related behaviors. Netherlands Trial Register: NTR1831; http://www.trialregister.nl/trialreg/admin/rctview.asp?TC=1831 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6mm5YFOB0). ©Amy van Grieken, Eline Vlasblom, Lu Wang, Maaike Beltman, Magda M Boere-Boonekamp, Monique P L'Hoir, Hein Raat. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 27.07.2017.

  12. Comparative efficacy of long-acting muscarinic antagonist monotherapies in COPD: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ismaila AS

    2015-11-01

    Full Text Available Afisi Segun Ismaila,1,2 Eline L Huisman,3 Yogesh Suresh Punekar,4 Andreas Karabis31Value Evidence and Outcomes, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA; 2Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; 3Real World Strategy and Analytics, Mapi Group, Houten, the Netherlands; 4Value Evidence and Outcomes, GlaxoSmithKline, Uxbridge, UKBackground: Randomized, controlled trials comparing long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA efficacy in COPD are limited. This network meta-analysis (NMA assessed the relative efficacy of tiotropium 18 µg once-daily (OD and newer agents (aclidinium 400 µg twice-daily, glycopyrronium 50 µg OD, and umeclidinium 62.5 µg OD.Methods: A systematic literature review identified randomized, controlled trials of adult COPD patients receiving LAMAs. A NMA within a Bayesian framework examined change from baseline in trough forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1, transitional dyspnea index focal score, St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire score, and rescue medication use.Results: Twenty-four studies (n=21,311 compared LAMAs with placebo/each other. Aclidinium, glycopyrronium, tiotropium, and umeclidinium, respectively, demonstrated favorable results versus placebo, for change from baseline (95% credible interval in 12-week trough FEV1 (primary endpoint: 101.40 mL [77.06–125.60]; 117.20 mL [104.50–129.90]; 114.10 mL [103.10–125.20]; 136.70 mL [104.20–169.20]; 24-week trough FEV1 (128.10 mL [84.10–172.00]; 135.80 mL [123.10–148.30]; 106.40 mL [95.45–117.30]; 115.00 mL [74.51–155.30]; 24-week St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire score (-4.60 [-6.76 to -2.54]; -3.14 [-3.83 to -2.45]; -2.43 [-2.92 to -1.93]; -4.69 [-7.05 to -2.31]; 24-week transitional dyspnea index score (1.00 [0.41–1.59]; 1.01 [0.79–1.22]; 0.82 [0.62–1.02]; 1.00 [0.49–1.51]; and 24-week rescue medication use (data not available; -0.41 puffs/day [-0.62 to -0.20]; -0.52 puffs/day [-0

  13. The Effectiveness of a Computer-Tailored E-Learning Program for Practice Nurses to Improve Their Adherence to Smoking Cessation Counseling Guidelines: Randomized Controlled Trial.

    Science.gov (United States)

    de Ruijter, Dennis; Candel, Math; Smit, Eline Suzanne; de Vries, Hein; Hoving, Ciska

    2018-05-22

    moderating effects of baseline levels of behavioral predictors and counseling experience. More specifically, for PNs with less favorable scores on behavioral predictors (eg, low baseline self-efficacy) and high levels of counseling experience, the program significantly increased adherence. Results from our RCT showed that among PNs with more than average counseling experience, the e-learning program resulted in significantly better smoking cessation guideline adherence. Experienced PNs might have been better able to translate the content of our e-learning program into practically applicable counseling strategies compared with less experienced colleagues. Less favorable baseline levels of behavioral predictors among PNs possibly contributed to this effect, as there was more room for improvement by consulting the tailored content of the e-learning program. To further substantiate the effectiveness of e-learning programs on guideline adherence by health care professionals (HCPs), it is important to assess how to support a wider range of HCPs. Netherlands Trial Register NTR4436; http://www.trialregister.nl/trialreg/admin/rctview.asp?TC=4436 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6zJQuSRq0). ©Dennis de Ruijter, Math Candel, Eline Suzanne Smit, Hein de Vries, Ciska Hoving. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 22.05.2018.

  14. Educational Level Is Related to Physical Fitness in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes - A Cross-Sectional Study.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lara Allet

    Full Text Available Low educational level (EL and low physical fitness are both predictors of increased morbidity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes. It is unknown if EL is related to physical fitness. This would have important implication for the treatment approach of patients of low EL.In 2011/12, we invited participants of a new nationwide Swiss physical activity program for patients with type 2 diabetes to participate in this study. EL was defined by self-report and categorized as low (mandatory education, middle (professional education or high (high school/university. Physical fitness was determined using 5 validated measures that assessed aerobic fitness, functional lower limb muscle strength, walking speed, balance and flexibility. Potential confounder variables such as other socio-cultural factors, physical activity level, body composition, diabetes-related parameters and complications/co-morbidities as well as well-being were assessed.All invited 185 participants (mean age 59.6 ±9.8 yrs, 76 women agreed to be included. Of all patients, 23.1% had a low, 32.7% a middle and 44.2% a high EL; 41.8% were professionally active. The study population had a mean BMI of 32.4±5.2 kg/m2 and an HbA1c of 7.3±1.3%. The mean diabetes duration was 8.8±7.4 years. In the baseline assessment, higher EL was associated with increased aerobic fitness, increased functional lower limb muscle strength, and increased walking speed using linear regression analysis (values for low, middle and high EL, respectively: 91.8 ± 27.9, 116.4 ± 49.7 and 134.9 ± 60.4 watts for aerobic fitness (p = 0.002, 15 ± 4.7, 13.9 ± 2.7, 12.6 ± 2.9 seconds for strength (p = 0.001 and 8.8 ± 1.6, 8.3 ± 1.4, 7.8 ± 1.4 seconds for walking speed (p = 0.004. These associations were independent of potential confounders. Overall, aerobic fitness was 46%, functional limb muscle strength 16%, and walking speed 11% higher in patients of high compared to those of low EL. EL was not related to

  15. PREFACE: EDS2010 Preface

    Science.gov (United States)

    Heggie, Malcolm I.

    2011-03-01

    The biennial international conference on Extended Defects in Semiconductors started in 1978 with a meeting in Hünfeld, Germany. Subsequent meetings rotated between Poland, France, Great Britain, Germany, Russia and Italy, culminating in EDS2004 in Chernogolovka, EDS2006 in Halle and EDS2008 in Poitiers. EDS2010 was held at the University of Sussex at Brighton, UK from September 19th to 24th. An extension of the tabulation of this history, which first appeared on the EDS2006 website, is given in the attached PDF. It is with sadness that we note one of the founders of the series, Prof. Dr Helmut Alexander, passed away on 3 December 2009 and we were proud to dedicate EDS2010 to his memory. It has become a tradition to make an award in his name, and this year it was made to Ivan Isacov for his poster "Electrical levels of dislocation networks in p- and n-type silicon". A short and warm celebration of Prof. Dr Alexander's life by his friends and colleagues, Prof. Drs Helmut Gottschalk, Eicke Weber and Wolfgang Schröter, is included in this volume. The conference was a forum for the state-of-the-art of investigation and modelling of extended defects in semiconductors. Scientists from universities, research institutes and industry made contributions to a deeper understanding of extended defects, their interaction with point defects and their role in the development of semiconductor technology. The remit of the conference included extended defects, nanostructures, nanoparticles, quantum dots and interfaces within semiconducting materials ranging from narrow to wide band gaps, including graphene-derived materials and diamond. Scientific interests range from defect geometry, electronic structure, dynamics, spectroscopy, microscopy, reactions and chemistry to introduction mechanisms, such as implantation and strained layers and the operation of devices such as integrated circuits, heterostructures, and solar cells. The organisers were confronted with a long period between

  16. Energy from waste. Vol. 2; Energie aus Abfall. Bd. 2

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Thome-Kozmiensky, K.J.; Beckmann, M.

    2007-07-01

    mercury in the waste recycling plant Bonn (Ruediger Heidrich); (d) Considerable exhaust gas cleaning with economical process engineering (Georg Schuster); (e) ALSTOM-NID a process of conditioned dry sorption for biomass, refuse-derived fuels and domestic waste incineration plants (Uwe Gansel, Juergen Gottschalk); (f) Concepts for exhaust gas purification by the example of waste incineration in Premnitz (Ruediger Margraf); (g) Concepts for exhaust gas purification for high-calorific fuels from municipal wastes and trade waste - Waste incinerator Hannover as an example (Christian Fuchs, Thomas Feilenreiter). The last chapter 'Materials and corrosion reduction' contains the following contributions: (a) Fundamentals of refractory applications at waste incineration plants (Peter Fruehauf); (b) New developments at tube liner systems for waste incinerators (Hans Petschauer); (c) Corrosion by utilization of biomass fuels and refuse-derived fuels: Demand for layer supported characteristic corrosion values (Wolfgang Spiegel, Thomas Herzog, Renate Jordan, Gabi Magel, Wolfgang Mueller, Werner Schmidl); (d) Technology upgrade in the scope of sanitation of protection systems for tube walls of a waste boiler in the case of TREA Breisgau (Karl-Ulrich Martin, Oliver Seibel, Bernd Bastian); (e) Cladding in the boiler construction and plant engineering - newest developments (Wolfgang Hoffmeister); (f) Online evaluation of the thermal flow on the walls of a membrane evaporator of steam generators (Michael Beckmann, Sascha Krueger, Gabi Magel, Wolfgang Spiegel); (g) Extension of the reactor runs by effective cleaning in empty trains of incineration plants for wastes and biomass (Stephan Simon).

  17. Kadının ve Kaderin “Tırpan”ı Swath Of Woman And Fate

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Salim DURUKOĞLU

    2013-07-01

    ğımız beyin fırtınasının, belleğimizde açığa çıkaracağı romanların başında Tırpan romanı gelir. Kadın ve kader kavramlarını önce buluşturan sonra ayrıştıran Tırpan romanı; kaderin yaşanmadan önce değil yaşandıktan sonra açığa çıkacağına ve genelde insanın özelde kadının kaderini kendi yazabileceğine duyulan saf inançla kaleme alınan; insanın, özellikle ve öncelikle kadının kaderini / kadersizliğini roman türünün olanakları içinde sorgulayan, sınıf çatışmasından, Marksist ideolojinin nefes alışlarına, feminist bakış açılarına kadar genişleyen, tezli yapıtlardan biri ve belki de ilk akla gelenidir. Zihnimizde geçmişte kullanılan bir imgeden miras, elinde tırpan, can biçen Azrail motifi ile de buluşan tırpan silueti, bu romanda bir tarım aleti olmanın çok ötesinde bir işlev üstlenir. Tırpan, Azrail’in elinden kadının eline geçer ve kadın, varlık ve özgürlük alanına saygı duymayan erkeği bu alet ile cezalandırırken, kaderine sahip çıkmış, kaderini kendi elleriyle ve tırpan marifetiyle de yazmış olur. Yazarın elinde tırpan amaç ve araç işlevini koruyacak ancak sonuçları itibarıyla, Bolşevik devrimin orak, çekiç nesnesi gibi, kadın devriminin sembol nesnesine dönüşecektir. Kızların, zorla evlendirilmelerine karşı edilgen bir tepki olarak kendini asmalarını direniş değil kaçış olarak gören, bunun yerine savaşçı, etken ve eylemci bir kadın ruhu ile zihniyeti yaratmak isteyen yazar; son tahlilde bu kurgu üzerinden kaderci Türk toplumuna ve bahusus Türk kadınına kaderine sahip çıkabileceği, hayatına yön verebileceği inancını aşılamak ister, bir bilinç değişimi teklif ve telkin eder.

  18. Editörden

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nadir Arıcan

    2007-04-01

    Full Text Available Değerli Adli Bilimci’ler, Dergimizin ilk baskısının yapıldığı 1996 yılından 2006 yılı sonuna kadar 11 ciltten oluşan dizisini ara vermeden kesintisiz olarak yayınlanma başarısını gösteren Adli Tıp Bülteni Yayın Kurulu adına saygı ile selamlıyoruz. Dergimizin 12. cildinin ilk sayısı, yayın kurulundaki görev değişikliği ile elinize ulaşıyor. “Adli Tıp Bülteni”ni tüm olumsuz koşullara karşın, siz alana emek veren adli bilimcilerin de büyük desteği ile yayın hayatım başarı ile sürdürdü. Bu başarıda başta editörlerimiz sayın Prof. Dr. Serpil Salaçin ve sayın Prof. Dr. Şebnem Korur Fincancı ile yayın kurulunda görev almış meslektaşlarımıza teşekkür ediyor ve desteklerinin artarak devam edeceğini ümit ediyoruz. Adli Tıp Bülteni, ilk editörü sayın Prof. Dr. Serpil Salaçin’in bültenin 1. sayısında belirttiği amaca uygun olarak, her geçen gün daha da güçlenerek yayın hayatını sürdürmektedir. Yayın akışında zaman zaman kesintiler olsa da, amacı doğrultusunda “alanındaki bilgi akışını sağlama ve bilimsel gelişmelerin önemli bir parçası olma özelliğini” Adli Tıp Uzmanları Derneği’nin resmi bilimsel yayın organı kimliği ile devam ettirmektedir. Hedefleri doğrultusunda uluslararası indekslerce taranan bir dergi olma yolunda ilk adımını atan dergimizin bu alandaki çalışmaları sayın Prof. Dr. Şebnem Korur Fincancı tarafından yürütülmektedir. Görevini genç meslektaşına devretmiş olsa da alanımızdaki uluslar arası deneyimi ile Adli Tıp Bülteni’ni çok farklı noktalara taşıyacağı inancındayım. Bu alanda yapacağı katkılardan dolayı sayın hocama biz kez daha teşekkür etmek istiyorum. Bundan böyle Adli Tıp Bülteni’ne yayınlanmak üzere gönderdiğiniz çalışmalarınızın değerlendirmesini daha hızlı yapabilmek ve baskı aşamasına getirmek amacı ile iletişimi elektronik ortamda yapmaya

  19. No Place to Hide: Missing Primitive Stars Outside Milky Way Uncovered

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-02-01

    few minor light chemical elements, have all been created by the various generations of stars. [2] As every rainbow demonstrates, white light can be split up into different colours. Astronomers artificially split up the light they receive from distant objects into its different colours (or wavelengths). However, where we distinguish seven rainbow colours, astronomers map hundreds of finely nuanced colours, producing a spectrum - a record of the different amounts of light the object emits in each narrow colour band. The details of the spectrum - more light emitted at some colours, less light at others - provide tell-tale signs about the chemical composition of the matter producing the light. [3] The Dwarf galaxies Abundances and Radial-velocities Team (DART) has members from institutes in nine different countries. More information This research was presented in a paper to appear in Astronomy and Astrophysics ("The NIR Ca II triplet at low metallicity", E. Starkenburg et al.). Another paper is also in preparation (Tafelmeyer et al.) that presents the UVES measurements of several primitive stars. The team is composed of Else Starkenburg, Eline Tolstoy, Amina Helmi, and Thomas de Boer (Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, the Netherlands), Vanessa Hill (Laboratoire Cassiopée, Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, CNRS, France), Jonay I. González Hernández (Observatoire de Paris, CNRS, Meudon, France and Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain), Mike Irwin (University of Cambridge, UK), Giuseppina Battaglia (ESO), Pascale Jablonka and Martin Tafelmeyer (Université de Genève, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland), Matthew Shetrone (University of Texas, McDonald Observatory, USA), and Kim Venn (University of Victoria, Canada). ESO, the European Southern Observatory, is the foremost intergovernmental astronomy organisation in Europe and the world's most productive astronomical observatory. It is

  20. RUMELIAN OTTOMAN VOLUNTEERS IN BRITISH P.O.W. CAMPS (1916-1923 *BRİTANYA İMPARATORLUĞU SAVAŞ KAMPLARINDA ESİR DÜŞEN BATI RUMELİ ASILLI OSMANLI GÖNÜLLÜLERİ (1916-1923

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Redžep ŠKRİJELJ

    2016-11-01

    ye gönderilmiş ve o bölgede İngilizlerin eline esir düşmüştür. Savaşın sonunda Britanya iktidarı 3 bin Müslüman gönüllüyü Rumeli’den İstanbul’a tehcir etmiş, onlar da evlerine geri dönebilmek için Yugoslav Hükûmeti Konsolosluğuna başvurmak zorunda kalmıştır. Uzun süren bu ağır savaş, esirler için hayatta kalma mücadelesi idi. Çok sayıda savaş gazisi Makedonya, Kosova ve Sancak’a yaralı ve hasta durumda dönerek parasızlığa ve açlığa mahkûm olmuştur. Gönüllülerin geri dönüşleri uzun yıllar sürmüştür. Yeni kurulan Sırp, Hırvat ve Sloven Krallığı içinde yaşayan eski Müslüman gönüllülerin daha sonraki yıllarda Çetnik birlikleri tarafından katledilmiştir. Savaş gazilerinin büyük bölümü Mısır’da bulunan Britanya askerî kamplarından ağır fiziksel yaralarla ve psikolojik travmalarla geri dönmüştür. The low success on the Eastern Front had shown the year of 1916 as the most difficult for Austria-Hungary. The strenghtening of the Antanta which was additionally supported by Italy and Romania resulted in dispersing of the Austrian-Hungarian Army on the fronts, and was forced to fight on multiple theaters of war and needed more manpower. Since Imperial Germany transfered all of its troops to the Western Front, Austria-Hungary was forced to request the company of their Ottoman allies to successfully accomplish their war efforts. The improvement of Austro-Hungarian military positions requested a ruthless war propaganda during the period between the fall of 1916 and the spring of 1917 when the XV Ottoman Corpse containing 10 thousand volunteers and recruits has left for the Galician Front. The Ottoman Military explained their excursion to Galicia as a defensive effort against a possible Russian invasion of the Balkan Peninsula. Circumstances which included bad organization, poor discipline, lack of clothes, hunger, a great number of injured and disabled soldiers, lack of vaccines against

  1. Dergilerden Özetler

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Osman Eren Karpuzoğlu

    1999-12-01

    politravma bulguları ağırlıklıy- dı. Ek olarak, bir yolcunun sol elinde tünel yarası, diğer birinde, sağ elin baş ve işaret parmakları arasında yumuşak doku yırtığı vardı. Bu yaraların, kabin içerisinde ateş edilmesi olayıyla bağlantılı olduğu düşünüldü. Otopsi bulguları ve ek olarak yapılan barut izi araştırmaları pilotun arkadan vurularak etkisiz hale geldiğini ve sonuç olarak uçağın düştüğünü gösteriyordu. Bu bulgular bütün uçak kazası kurbanlarına otopsi yapılmasının önemini belirtmektedir. UÇAK KAZASI KURBANLARININ KİMLİKLENDİRİLMESİNDE MİTOKONDRİYAL DNA VE KISA TEKRARLAYAN BÖLGE TİPLEMESİNİN KULLANIMI The use of mitochondrial DNA and short tandem repeat typing in the identification of air crash victims. Goodwin W; Linacre A; Vanezis P. Electrophoresis 1999 Jun;20(8:1707-ll. 1998 Şubat’ında, Filipinler’de sivil bir yolcu uçağı dağlık bölgeye düştü, 104 yolcu ve mürettebatın tamamı öldü. Kurbanlar, ağır çevresel zararlara uğramıştı, birçoğunda konvansiyonel kimliklendirme yöntemleri kullanılamadı. Kimliklendirme işleminin bir parçası olarak, örneklere mitokonclriyal DNA (mtDNA ve kısa tekrarlayan bölge (STR incelemesi kombinasyonunu içeren DNA profili uygulandı. Kurbanların kalıntılarından alınan DNA bütün olgularda oldukça bozulmuştu. Gene ele, kurbanların örneklerinden mtDNA kullanılarak yapılan profilllerde %95 başarı elde edildi; üç STR loküsü kullanılmasının başarı oranı %50’ycli. MtDNA ve STR profillerinin kullanılması kaza alanından alınan 187 insan parçasının 80 farklı gruba ayırılmasında kullanıldı; postmortem bilgilerle kombine edilince örnekler 95 farklı gruba ayrılabildi, bu da kimliklendirme işlemine yardımcı oldu. İSPANYA DA 1996 YILINDAKİ OTOBÜS KAZASINDAKİ 28 YANGIN KURBANININ KİMLİKLENDİRİLMESİNDEKİ YÖNTEMLER Methods for identification of 28 burn victims following a 1996 bus accident in

  2. NARRATIVE: A short history of my life in science A short history of my life in science

    Science.gov (United States)

    Manson, Joseph R.

    2010-08-01

    institute directed by Professor Wolfgang Ernst. The story of how this particular collaboration developed is interesting because it illustrates again how important personal contacts and social interactions are in the progress of science. In 2007 I was contacted by Bodil Holst, then of the TU-Graz and now at the Technical University of Bergen in Norway, about the possibility of having one of her very bright graduate students visit Clemson for a few months as a part of his work in analyzing some He atom scattering data that they had taken on silica glass surfaces. A decade earlier Holst had been a postdoctoral research associate at the Toennies laboratory in Göttingen during several of the summers I was also there and, although we never worked directly together at that time, we had many interesting discussions about science and other subjects. The student, Wolfram Steurer, arrived in Clemson in the middle of the fall semester with his belongings in a bag that was smaller than the guitar he carried strapped over his back. He immediately created for himself a place in our department, and by the time he left three months later we had developed some rudimentary ideas of how to analyze the data he had, and we also suspected that this data might reveal some new aspects of the dynamics of glass surfaces that had not been realized before. Wolfram delved into this problem with a vengeance, and shortly afterwards we began a series of papers involving Holst, Ernst and Steurer and the Graz graduate students, Andreas Apfolter and Mattias Koch, as well as Elin Søndergård of the French CNRS laboratory located at the St Gobain Corporation's research facilities in Paris. It was this initial contact with Holst a decade earlier that eventually led to a productive period of research on glass surfaces, something that I would have never predicted beforehand, but a collaboration that shows every sign of continuing into the future to produce new and interesting results. So, this brings the history