Rural electrification in Zimbabwe reduces poverty by targeting income-generating activities

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Mapako, M

2007-04-01

Full Text Available National electrification programmes are given priority in many developing countries and the level of electrification is generally seen as one of the key indicators of development. Utilities find rural electrification programmes a challenge because...

Case for railway electrification

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

McDougall, A.N.

1981-06-10

The publication earlier this year of the joint BR-DTp final report of the review of main line electrification represented the culmination of over two years work; the study is almost certainly the most complex and comprehensive of this type ever undertaken. Heavy reliance on computer models allowed business analysis over the 34-year timespan of the review to extend to a level of detail that was not expected at the time of the last such investigation, the 1931 Weir Report of the Committee on Main Line Railway Electrification. It is encouraging that, despite the sweeping changes in both technology and economic conditions during the intervening years, the verdict remains highly favourable.

Legal and management aspects in rural electrification

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alem Deaces, J.

1994-01-01

Present work considers that the rural electrification is generally deficit, as well in the line of transmission builds as the generation sources constructions. The big benefits of the rural electrification would be the improvement of quality of the human life as well as in the agricultural economic development. The participation of all the social agents' collaboration would be necessary

El Salvador - Rural Electrification

Data.gov (United States)

Millennium Challenge Corporation — The impact evaluation seeks to determine the impact of electrification on the cost of energy, energy consumption, time allocation, and household income. Because the...

Navajo Electrification Demonstraiton Project

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Larry Ahasteen, Project Manager

2006-07-17

This is a final technical report required by DOE for the Navajo Electrification Demonstration Program, This report covers the electric line extension project for Navajo families that currently without electric power.

Rural Electrification Program in Indonesia: Comparing SEHEN and SHS Program

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maxensius Tri Sambodo

2015-07-01

Full Text Available In 2014, the Indonesian government has targets to obtain 80% of electrification ratio and 98.9% of rural electrification ratio. Extending the grid and off-grid connection has been done to obtain the targets. This paper aims to compare two main programs on rural electrification namely Super Extra Energy Saving (Super Ekstra Hemat Energi, SEHEN that is belong to PLN (state owned company in electricity and the Solar Home System (SHS that is financed by the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (MEMR. Indonesia has started the rural electrification program in the late 1950s, but how to provide electricity in a sustainable ways both organizationally and institutionally still become a big challenge. The experiences from East Nusa Tenggara provinces showed that both SEHEN and SHS can instantly improve electrification ratio, but government needs to synchronize the technical, administrative, and financial aspect from the two programs. Without any improvements in designing the program, we argue that the existing program is not sustainable.

Libyan intuitive for rural electrification

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ibrahim, I. M. Saleh; Kreama, N. M.; Khalat, M. A.

2006-01-01

One of the obstacles in rural electrification is choosing the type of the electric source which best fits rural areas technically, socially, and economically. Renewable sources can be used to electrify rural areas. Rural electrification in Libya by photovoltaic systems in a national program which is devoted to electrify isolated villages, as part of this program the installation of 300 systems was started at the beginning of the year 2003 with a total power of 400 K Wp, the sizes of stand alone systems are 1.8 K Wp, 1.2 K Wp, 0.75 K Wp, and 0.15 K Wp, beside a hybrid system of diesel and PV. The systems was designed to supply different family needs a total of 5000 inhabitants will benefit from this project. In this paper we will introduce the rural photovoltaic electrification in Libya program, company the performance of three different PV sizes through the first two years of working. The systems performing well and with performance ratio much more than the deigned, very little power failure was reported, and there are social and technical issues to be addressed before, and after the installation of the PV system.(Author)

Connective power: Solar electrification and social change in Kenya

Science.gov (United States)

Jacobson, Arne Edward

Household solar photovoltaic systems have emerged as a key alternative to grid-based rural electrification in many developing countries. This may seem a victory for appropriate technology advocates, but my research indicates that the social significance of solar electrification in Kenya, which is among the largest developing country solar markets per capita, is far removed from the classic "small is beautiful" neo-populist vision of building small-scale alternatives to global capitalism. Instead, solar electrification is more closely connected to neo-liberal goals of market-based service provision and economic integration. In this study I combine quantitative and qualitative methods, including surveys, intra-household energy allocation studies, and historical analysis, to analyze the social significance of solar electrification in Kenya. I find that "connective" applications, including television, radio, and cellphones, are centrally important. Television is especially notable; the expansion of TV broadcasting to rural areas was a key condition for solar market development. Solar electricity is also used for lighting. In Kenya, income and work related uses of solar lighting are modest, while education uses are more significant. However, in many households, especially those with small systems, intra-household dynamics constrain key social uses (e.g. children's studying), as the energy is allocated to other uses. Social use patterns combine with access dynamics in Kenya's unsubsidized market to shape the social significance of solar electrification. Solar ownership is dominated by the rural upper and middle classes. Thus, productivity and education uses make small contributions to differentiation and middle class formation. Additionally, solar electrification's role in supporting rural television and radio use improves business advertisers' ability to expand consumer goods markets. These findings link solar electrification to important processes of rural development

Mechanisms of Contact Electrification at Aluminum-Polytetrafluoroethylene and Polypropylene-Water

KAUST Repository

Nauruzbayeva, Jamilya

2017-04-01

Contact electrification refers to the transfer of electrical charges between two surfaces, similar and dissimilar, as they are brought into contact and separated; this phenomenon is also known as static electrification or triboelectrification. For example, everyone has experienced weak electrical shocks from metal doorknobs, wool and synthetic clothing on dry days. While contact electrification might appear insignificant, it plays a key role in numerous natural and industrial processes, including atmospheric lightning, accumulation of dust on solar panels, charging of liquids during pipetting and flow in the tubes, and fire hazards in granular media. Contact electrification at metal-metal interfaces is well understood in terms of transfer of electrons, but a comprehensive understanding of contact electrification at interfaces of electrical insulators, such as air, water, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polypropylene remains incomplete. In fact, a variety of mechanisms responsible for transfer of electrical charges during mechanical rubbing, slipping, sliding, or flow at interfaces have been proposed via: electrons, ions, protons, hydroxide ions from water, specific orientation of dipoles, mechanoradicals, cryptoelectrons, and transfer of material. We have noticed that the extent of contact electrification of solids in water is influenced by surface free energies, mobile ions, surface roughness, duration of contact, sliding speeds, and relative humidity. Herein, we present results of our experimental investigation of contact electrification at the following interfaces: (i) PTFE-aluminum in air and (ii) polypropylene-water interfaces. To identify the underlying mechanism, we started with various hypotheses and exploited a variety of experimental techniques to falsify most of them until we got an answer; our techniques included high-voltage power supply (0-10,000 V), Faraday cages, Kelvin probe force microscopy, electrodeposition, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Model-based scenarios for rural electrification in developing countries

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Ruijven, B. van; Schers, J.; Vuuren, D.P. van

2012-01-01

Promoting access to modern energy forms in developing countries to replace traditional fuels is high on the political agenda. This paper describes the development and application of a global model for rural electrification. The model is used to assess future trends in electrification, and the

Miopatia nemalínica com corpos intracitoplasmáticos esferúides: relato de caso Nemalinic myopathy with intracytoplasmic spheroid bodies: case report

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Helga C. A. Azevedo

1996-03-01

Full Text Available Os autores relatam o caso de paciente do sexo feminino de 18 anos de idade com fraqueza lentamente progressiva nos quatro membros desde a infância, sem antecedentes relevantes. O exame neurológico mostrou déficit motor discreto proximal e distal com retração muscular leve ao nível de ombros, cotovelos, articulações coxo-femurais, joelhos e tornozelos; hipotrofia muscular nas pernas e pés: reflexos presentes e sensibilidade normal. Creatinofosfoquinase com aumento de uma vez e meia o valor normal. Eletroneuromiografia: diminuição de amplitude e duração dos potenciais de ação e traçado de interferência paradoxal, compatíveis com afecção muscular primária. Biópsia muscular em congelação (HE, Gomori, PAS, ATPases, NADH, SDH, fosfatases ácida e alcalina, citocromo-c-oxidase e Oil-red-O revelou afecção muscular primária caracterizada pela presença de corpos nemalínicos e corpos intracitoplasmáticos esferóides. Os corpos nemalínicos podem ser encontrados com diferentes alterações das fibras musculares, porém essa associação é rara. Este é o segundo relato da associação entre corpos nemalínicos e esferóides.The authors report the case of a female patient, 18 years of age, with slowly progressing weakness in upper and lower limbs since childhood. There were no significant antecedents. The neurologic examination showed mild proximal and distal motor deficit with a slight muscular retraction at the level of shoulders, elbows, coxofemural joints, knees and ankles; muscular hypotrophy in the legs and feet; reflexes were present and sensitivity was normal. Creatinephosphokinase showed an increase of one and a half times the normal value. Electroneuromyography: decrease in the amplitude and duration of action potentials and excessive recruitment of motor units, compatible with a primary muscular disease. A muscle biopsy with frozen sections (HE, Gomori, PAS, ATPases, NADH, SDH, acid and alcaline phosphatases

Small hydropower and rural electrification in China

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Li Ying [Ministry of Water Resources, Beijing (China). Dept. of Hydropower and Rural Electrification

1995-07-01

This document presents the status of the using small hydroelectric power plants (SHP) and rural electrification in China. The document approaches the general profile, role of small hydroelectric power plants in rural electrification and energy supply, background and factors back-sopping the fast development of SHP, concentrating on resources, SHP combined with water conservancy projects, policies and strategies, development of appropriate technology, timely development of SHP equipment manufacturing, economic justification of SHP development, and future prospects.

Regulation about universal electrification; A regulamentacao da universalizacao

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fugimoto, Sergio Kinya; Tahan, Carlos Marcio Vieira; Pelegrini, Marcelo Aparecido [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), SP (Brazil). Escola Politecnica. Dept. de Engenharia de Energia e Automacao Eletricas], e-mail: sergio.fugimoto@edpbr.com.br, e-mail: marcpel@pea.usp.br, e-mail: cmvtahan@pea.usp.br

2004-07-01

This paper argues the regulation about universal electrification. It presents preliminary estimates of domiciles do not have access to electricity service, resources destined to promote the extension of electric power services, Law 10,438/200 - legal landmark of universal electrification - and regulation established by ANEEL. It argues about financial participation of the consumer, since the Decree 41,019/57 until recent alterations in 2002 and 2003. (author)

Electrification Futures Study: End-Use Electric Technology Cost and Performance Projections through 2050

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Vimmerstedt, Laura J. [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Jadun, Paige [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); McMillan, Colin A. [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Steinberg, Daniel C. [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Muratori, Matteo [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Mai, Trieu T. [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

2018-01-02

This report provides projected cost and performance assumptions for electric technologies considered in the Electrification Futures Study, a detailed and comprehensive analysis of the effects of widespread electrification of end-use service demands in all major economic sectors - transportation, residential and commercial buildings, and industry - for the contiguous United States through 2050. Using extensive literature searches and expert assessment, the authors identify slow, moderate, and rapid technology advancement sensitivities on technology cost and performance, and they offer a comparative analysis of levelized cost metrics as a reference indicator of total costs. The identification and characterization of these end-use service demand technologies is fundamental to the Electrification Futures Study. This report, the larger Electrification Futures Study, and the associated data and methodologies may be useful to planners and analysts in evaluating the potential role of electrification in an uncertain future. The report could be broadly applicable for other analysts and researchers who wish to assess electrification and electric technologies.

Electrification of agricultural machinery; Elektrifizierung von Landmaschinen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Goetz, Manuel; Grad, Karl; Weinmann, Olrik [ZF Friedrichshafen AG, Friedrichshafen (Germany)

2012-10-15

As early as 2009, ZF exhibited a generator system for agricultural machinery at Agritechnica under the name Terra+ which consisted of an electric motor in the transmission housing. As part of the ElecTra project, the company is now presenting its first tractor prototype with this generator system at Agritechnica 2011. The project involves combining the electrification of the tractor's auxiliary systems with electric drives for an attachment. The electrification of the implement was carried out in cooperation with Amazone, manufacturer of implements for the agricultural industry. (orig.)

Incubating Innovation for Rural Electrification. Executive Summary

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2013-07-01

In June, the team held a workshop on ''Low Carbon Sustainable Rural Electrification'' in Salima, Malawi. Co-organized with the Government of Malawi's Department of Energy, this event gathered participants from the energy, telecom, non-profit, banking sectors as well as from governmental and international agencies to discuss the potential development of private led off-grid electrification in Malawi where only 9% of the population has currently access to electricity. A very active participation provided us with insightful feedback and valuable recommendations.

Develop of the rural electrification

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tancredi, R.

1994-01-01

The present document about the develop the evolution of the rural electrification in the Uruguay from the decade of the 60 as well this country is considered with the most of populations 95% with electric power

Plan of rural electrification

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2002-01-01

This presentation shows the policies of the Government of Guatemala on renewable energy for the rural population, the current demand of energy and trends for 2004. Also presents the budget for financing electrification projects with solar energy and hydro energy and the number of users to be included by geographical zone

Rural electrification of the Brazilian Amazon - Achievements and lessons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gomez, Maria F.; Silveira, Semida

2010-01-01

The Brazilian government has the ambition to provide complete electricity coverage for all citizens as a means to promote development and reduce inequalities. Full coverage implies the provision of electricity to 15 million people in the country by the end of 2010 through the program Luz para Todos (LPT - light for all) launched in 2003. So far, 11 million people have benefited, 2 million of which live in the Amazon. In this paper, we analyze the linkages between development and rural electrification through the Human Development Index (HDI) and within the context of the Amazon. We examine the suitability of the HDI as a planning and monitoring tool for improving energy access and development. We show that the recognition of electricity access as a driver for development has led to concrete goals for electrification, actual action and welfare improvement. Our study serves to highlight the role of LPT in the development of the Amazon region, and the specific features and achievements of the Brazilian policy for universal electrification. We conclude that some challenges related to the electrification of isolated areas still lie ahead. We finalize with a discussion on the relevance of the Brazilian experience to other developing countries.

Electrification as a Development Driver for “Smart Cities”

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leonid Davidovich Gitelman

2017-12-01

Full Text Available The increasing electrification of the transport infrastructure, residential and commercial sectors of a “smart city” induces structural changes in energy sector. This investigation will enhance our understanding of mechanisms to develop a regional power industry, which would serve intellectual technologies of future urban environment considering national features. The authors define electrification as the process of bringing the most advanced energy carrier — electricity — to the national economy. This process integrates the spheres of electric power consumption and electric power generation. The article identifies the features and key trends in a new electrification stage in «smart cities». The paper shows that the energy sector of such cities combines centralized and decentralized technological solutions. This requires a certain readjustment of the distribution and sales divisions of the regional electric power industry. In particular, modernization of low-voltage distribution networks, improvement of tariff policy, implementation of programs of energy demand management are needed. The authors reveal priority areas for electrification in smart cities. Firstly, these cities need to develop electric transport, electric cars and associated infrastructure. Secondly, the introduction of various control systems for residential appliances will make households smarter. We show the impact of electric cars on the electricity market and loads in a regional energy system. In particular, we analyse the foreign experience of electric cars integration into power network. As regards the electrification of smart homes, the authors outline the basic «energy» conditions for their design, and requirements to be met by regional contractors, producers of energy equipment, utilities and grid companies. We develop a system of technological and economic solutions for moving relevant projects to an active phase. These projects include controllable

Electrification for “Under Grid” households in Rural Kenya

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kenneth Lee

2016-06-01

Full Text Available In Sub-Saharan Africa, 600 million people live without electricity. Despite ambitions of governments and donors to invest in rural electrification, decisions about how to extend electricity access are being made in the absence of rigorous evidence. In this paper, we present high-resolution spatial data on electrification rates in rural Kenya in order to quantify and visualize energy poverty in a novel way. Using our dataset of 20,000 geo-tagged structures in Western Kenya, we provide descriptive evidence that electrification rates remain very low despite significant investments in nearby grid infrastructure. This pattern holds across time and for both poor and relatively well-off households and businesses. We argue that if governments wish to leverage existing infrastructure and economies of scale, subsidies and new approaches to financing connections are necessary.

Social and economic impacts of electrification in Ethiopia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mustanoja, U.M.; Worku, A.; Aregahgne, Z.

1991-01-01

The study traces the history of electrification in Ethiopia and its contribution to the national, regional, and local economy in arms of electricity supply and its significance to the supply of materials and services, to employment, and to the level of living. It presents present-day impacts on households, industrial and commercial establishments, and public institutions concerned with infrastructure, services, and planning and development, on the basis of in-depth field interviews in October-December 1990. In addition, it studies problems and opportunities related to electricity supply to consumers, on the basis of information from the Ethiopian Electric Light and Power Authority (EELPA). As a frame of reference, it has used past studies related to electrification in Ethiopia and abroad. The study indicates the need for a demand forecast and impact model for Ethiopia, including the cross effects of electrification in the large and small industrial, commercial and other service, and domestic sectors. Some of the data required would have to be generated.

Social and economic impacts of electrification in Ethiopia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mustanoja, U.M.; Worku, A.; Aregahgne, Z.

1991-12-31

The study traces the history of electrification in Ethiopia and its contribution to the national, regional, and local economy in arms of electricity supply and its significance to the supply of materials and services, to employment, and to the level of living. It presents present-day impacts on households, industrial and commercial establishments, and public institutions concerned with infrastructure, services, and planning and development, on the basis of in-depth field interviews in October-December 1990. In addition, it studies problems and opportunities related to electricity supply to consumers, on the basis of information from the Ethiopian Electric Light and Power Authority (EELPA). As a frame of reference, it has used past studies related to electrification in Ethiopia and abroad. The study indicates the need for a demand forecast and impact model for Ethiopia, including the cross effects of electrification in the large and small industrial, commercial and other service, and domestic sectors. Some of the data required would have to be generated.

Vehicle electrification. Quo vadis?

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Brinkman, N. [GM Global Research and Development, Warren, MI (United States); Eberle, U.; Formanski, V.; Grebe, U.D.; Matthe, R. [General Motors Europe, Ruesselsheim (Germany)

2012-11-01

This publication describes the development of electrified propulsion systems from the invention of the automobile to the present and then provides an outlook on expected technology progress. Vehicle application areas for the various systems are identified based on a range of energy supply chains and the technological limits of electric powertrain components. GM anticipates that vehicle electrification will increase in the future. Battery-electric vehicles will become competitive for some applications, especially intra-urban, short-distance driving. Range-extended electric vehicles provide longer driving range and offer full capability; with this technology, electric vehicles can serve as the prime vehicle for many customers. Hydrogen-powered fuel cell-electric powertrains have potential for application across most of the vehicle segments. They produce zero emissions during all phases of operation, offer short refueling times, but have powertrain cooling and hydrogen storage packaging constraints. While the market share of electrified vehicles is expected to increase significantly, GM expects conventional powertrains with internal combustion engines to also have a long future - however, a lot of them will be supported by various levels of electrification. (orig.)

Light for all? Evaluating Brazil's rural electrification progress, 2000–2010

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Slough, Tara; Urpelainen, Johannes; Yang, Joonseok

2015-01-01

In an ideal world, rural electrification would serve the goal of socio-economic development. Improved electricity access can power rural industries, enhance agricultural productivity, and provide households with more productive time for study and work at night. Brazil's national rural electrification program has promised to target poor and remote rural communities, but has this goal been met? We analyze statistically representative data from Brazil's Census of 2000 and 2010. While Brazil has reached municipalities with low initial electricity access rates, rural electrification has not targeted the least developed municipalities. Furthermore, we find that the government has not reached the most remote and sparsely populated rural communities. Primary policy implications include more precise targeting of the least developed municipalities, complementary interventions to promote rural development, and increasing investments into distributed energy, such as off-grid solar power. With these strategies, Brazil and other countries facing similar issues can enhance the socio-economic benefit of rural electrification. - Highlights: • Progress of rural electrification in Brazil, 2000–2010. • Low initial electrification rates predict high achievement. • Lack of socio-economic development predicts neither high nor low achievement. • Remoteness predicts low achievement.

Analysis of rural electrification in Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Reis Neto, J.F. dos

1990-01-01

The evaluation of rural electrification in Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil as the main factor for increasing the rural production, generating new jobs and collecting tributes is studied. An analysis of rural electrification in producer, state government and electric power concessionary are also presented. (author)

The electrification of the world begins at Labastide-Murat; L'electrification du monde commence a Labastide-Murat

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Matly, M. [Marge, Marcheage et Gestion de l' Environnement (France)

2001-01-01

There is a basic historical contradiction in France being the leader in public electrification while at the same time the French state has never assumed the associated financial or business risks. The electrification of the country has been built virtually entirely around decentralized initiatives and the national company has only completed, modernized and managed the existing system though doubtless with a great deal of professionalism and success. It is probably this very professionalism and success which have given electrical producers an the Third World, (seeking a role model in the developed world), a false image of the future of this sector, presenting it as that of a large company moving from the centre outwards, from the town to the rural world. Beyond the ideologies of public versus private which have left their mark on the history of electricity for several decades, the French experience gives the image of an electrification programme which is being built up by the will of the people, where a centralized and highly legislative State has succeeded in both stimulating a large number of private entrepreneurs, large and small alike, and mobilizing tens of thousands of districts sharing this ambition, as shown by the example of Labastide Murat, a small village in the South West of France. (author)

Rural electrification for isolated consumers: Sustainable management model based on residue biomass

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pinheiro, Giorgiana; Rendeiro, Goncalo; Pinho, Joao; Macedo, Emanuel

2011-01-01

This paper presents a case study of the electrification of a riparian community in the State of Para, Brazil, within the scope of the Program for Electric Power Service Universalization in Brazil. The community is located in a remote area; approximately 100 km from the municipal district, there is no regular transport to access the community, and adequate communication service. The community is provided with electrification facilities through a small biomass-based power plant, directly firing residues produced by the local economic activity. The objective of the paper is to propose a sustainable management model that is suitable for community's isolation conditions, considering the high costs with operation and maintenance related to the supply of isolated consumers in small locations. A simulation is conducted for the operation of the small biomass-based power plant, the generation costs are determined, the legal aspects are analyzed, and a suggestion for the management model is presented. - Highlights: → Electrification of isolated consumers is a great challenge for utilities. → Using local labor and resources allows lower energy costs for electrification. → Creation of a specific legislation for utilities is required. → Should also be implemented social activities together with electrification.

Rural Electrification through Decentralized Concentrating Solar Power: Technological and Socio-Economic Aspects

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sylvain Quoilin

2013-09-01

Full Text Available This paper presents the development of small-scale solar Organic Rankine Cycles for rural electrification in remote areas of Lesotho. It is subdivided in two parts. The first part deals with the success conditions of decentralized rural electrification projects. Through a literature survey, relevant guiding principles and recommendations are formulated. The second part of the paper describes the proposed system, which is designed in agreement with the formulated recommendations. A framework for benchmarking the performance and cost of various micro-utility platforms and rural electrification distribution models is proposed.

Is Peru Prepared for Large-Scale Sustainable Rural Electrification?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sarah Feron

2018-05-01

Full Text Available Peru has historically been among the Latin-American countries with a low rural electrification rate. Aiming to improve this situation, the country conducted several electrification efforts in the last few decades that included off-grid photovoltaic (PV solutions for remote areas (where the grid expansion was unviable. More recently, the government has also sponsored a ‘massive program’ that aims to deploy a minimum of 150,000 off-grid PV solutions in the upcoming years. In this paper, we assess the sustainability of rural electrification programs in Peru, paying special attention to the ongoing “massive program”. Our assessment considers four dimensions of sustainability (institutional, economic, environmental, and socio-cultural and is based on an exhaustive qualitative document analysis complemented by semi-structured expert interviews. We found that the lack of strong formal institutions with a flexible and decentralized structure seriously compromises the sustainability of rural electrification efforts in Peru. Staff rotation and overlapping competences have caused disturbing changes and inhibited following a strategic line, while widespread outsourcing combined with weak controls have often affected the reliability of the deployed systems. Although cross subsidies have made off-grid PV systems affordable for users, systems often fell short of energy demand. Notably, we found that Peruvian officials appear to be unaware of the importance of local participation, and there is a significant mistrust between the government and the rural population (especially in areas where mining is extensive. As a consequence, most of the projects are still designed without the participation and engagement of the communities, which has frequently led to project failures, payment defaults, and inhibited seizing opportunities regarding productive uses of off-grid PV systems. We expect that our findings may help Peruvian institutions to address the most

Children's education and home electrification: A case study in northwestern Madagascar

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rajaona Daka, Karen; Ballet, Jerome

2011-01-01

Assessments of the impact of electrification on the quality of life of households in developing countries have increased over the last decade. One aspect that has still received little attention is education and the ability of children to keep up at school. The underlying hypothesis is that electrification enables children to do their homework in the evening and so keep up with their school work. To this first hypothesis we add a second one, concerning the relation between access to electricity and attendance to school according to gender. Although most household tasks are carried out by the mothers, their daughters are also involved, and electrification could have a beneficial effect by making easier for girls to do their homework in the evening and easier for the mothers to help them. We will check the validity of these hypotheses using a case study of 162 children attending school in a small town in northwestern Madagascar. - Research Highlights: → We use a sample of 162 children in Madagascar to test the effect of access to the electricity supply in home to the education of children. → We also test the effect to the electricity supply in home to gender-specificities. → Our results confirm that electrification can contribute to reduce social reproduction with regard to education. → Our results also show that electrification helps to reduce gender inequalities.

The developing rural electrification plan continues

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Martinez, Veronica

2001-01-01

The article overviews the current situation of the rural electrification in Guatemala, including demand and supply of energy and the plans of the government in covering the rural areas through the promotion of renewable energy sources

An assessment of electricity and income distributional trends following rural electrification in poor northeast Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Obermaier, Martin; Szklo, Alexandre; La Rovere, Emilio Lèbre; Pinguelli Rosa, Luiz

2012-01-01

Rural electrification is considered to be a key strategy for poverty alleviation and sustainable development. It should therefore include (1) expanding electricity access and (2) enable new consumers to increase their electricity consumption. In this paper we ask how Brazil’s recent rural electrification efforts have managed to reach these objectives. A new method to measure energy and income equity is presented which uses estimations of non-parametric density curves for the analysis of energy and income distributional trends following electrification. By applying our method to a panel data set from two Brazilian states situated in the country’s poor northeast region we find that (1) rural consumers take up electricity consumption after electrification, and that (2) low consumption levels give way to higher electricity consumption levels after only a few years. This indicates immediate social benefits for households through consumption of electricity services. However, our analysis cannot verify a direct link between electricity use and rural income generation in the short term. The results emphasize the need for government and other actors to integrate rural electrification into broader rural development strategies in order to enable long-term welfare increases through electricity use. - Highlights: ► Comprehensive analysis of Brazil’s recent rural electrification efforts. ► New methodology to analyze energy and income equity trends ex post electrification. ► Analysis indicates immediate social benefits for electrified households. ► We cannot establish a direct link between electricity use and income in the short-run. ► Electrification thus should be integrated in long-term rural development strategies.

Rural electrification and energy poverty: Empirical evidences from Brazil

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pereira, Marcio Giannini [Energy Planning Program (PPE), Coordination of Post-Graduation Programs in Engineering of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (COPPE/UFRJ), Brazil., Cidade Universitaria, Ilha do Fundao, Bloco C, Sala C-211, Postal Code: 68565, CEP 21945-970, Rio de Janeiro (Brazil); Freitas, Marcos Aurelio Vasconcelos; da Silva, Neilton Fidelis [Energy Planning Program (PPE), Coordination of Post-Graduation Programs in Engineering of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (COPPE/UFRJ), Brazil., Cidade Universitaria, Ilha do Fundao, Bloco C, Sala C-211, Postal Code: 68565, CEP 21945-970, Rio de Janeiro (Brazil); International Virtual Institute of Global Change- IVIG, Centro de Tecnologia Bloco I - Sala 129, C.P. 68501 Cidade Universitaria, CEP 21945-970, Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)

2010-05-15

The aim of this article is to evaluate the impact of rural electrification on the reduction of energy poverty in Brazil through the analysis of 23,000 rural domiciles or rural properties between the years 2000 and 2004. The results indicate a fast change in the profile of energy consumption and a reduction of energy poverty. This new approach works as a complement, among other variables, to analyze and quantify the real economic, social and energy impacts in rural electrification programs, generally applied in developing countries. (author)

Impact analysis of rural electrification projects in sub-Saharan Africa

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bernard, Tanguy

2010-01-01

The author reviews trends in rural electrification over the past 30 years in Sub-Saharan Africa. In particular, it is shown that motivations for rural electrification programs have evolved significantly over the years, following changes in development paradigms. The author finds, however, that knowledge of the impact of this has only marginally improved: low connection rates and weak productive utilization identified in the 1980's remain true today, and impacts on such dimensions as health, education, or income, though often used to justify projects, are largely undocumented. Indeed impact evaluations are methodologically challenging in the field of infrastructures and have been limited thus far. Nevertheless examples of recent or ongoing impact evaluations of rural electrification programs offer promising avenues for identifying both the effect of electricity per se and the relative effectiveness of approaches to promoting it

High voltage electrification of tractor and agricultural machinery – A review

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Moreda, G.P.; Muñoz-García, M.A.; Barreiro, P.

2016-01-01

Highlights: • CO_2 emission reduction calls for energy-efficient mobile work machines. • Energy recovery could be possible in some agricultural machinery operations. • Owning and operating costs of electrified tractor-implement pairs should be analyzed. • Plug-in hybrid electric tractors running along tramlines make sense. • Electrification allows for precise speed control, noise reduction and flexible design. - Abstract: Reduction of both pollutant emissions and fossil fuel dependency is an objective of energy policies worldwide. In many countries, governments promote the use of efficient vehicles like the hybrid electric vehicle. Incorporation of electric drives in tractor and agricultural machinery presents advantages in terms of increased energy efficiency and expanded functionalities. Higher efficiency means reduction in fuel consumption and subsequent decrease in CO_2 emission. New functionalities improve work quality and increase operator comfort. Tractor electrification takes advantage of decoupling loads and drives from the engine, which allows operating the latter at its highest efficiency point. Major advantages of machinery electrification are torque and speed control, noise reduction, and a more flexible design. In this paper, a review of the state-of-the-art of agricultural machinery high voltage electrification is presented.

Rural electrification: utilities' chafe or challenge?

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Zomers, A.N.; Zomers, Adriaan N.

2001-01-01

The earlier research on electricity supply to rural areas has tended to address the technical and financial performance of both grid connected and decentralised power systems and the socio-economic impact of electrification. However, this study has chosen to examine the impact of the developments

Rural electrification: benefits in different spheres; Eletrificacao rural: beneficios em diferentes esferas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cruz, Cassiano N.P. [Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), SP (Brazil). Eletrovento Ltda, Incubadora de Empresas de Base Tecnologica], e-mail: cassiano@eletrovento.com.br; Mourad, Anna L. [Instituto de Tecnologia de Alimentos (ITAL) Campinas, SP (Brazil). Centro de Tecnologia de Embalagem], e-mail: anna@ital.sp.gov.br; Morinigo, Marcos A. [Comissao de Servicos Publicos de Energia do Estado de Sao Paulo (CSPE), SP (Brazil)], e-mail: mmorinigo@sp.gov.br; Sanga, Godfrey [Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), SP (Brazil). Fac. de Engenharia Mecanica], e-mail: godfrey@fem.unicamp.br

2004-07-01

In the last few decades, there has been a constant migration of rural population to urban areas looking for employment and better quality of life. During the same period, industrial sector grew significantly and became economically more important than the rural sector. Consequently, the industrial sector became government's first development priority. In addition, the energy system was focused on large power plants energy production and high potentials long distance transmissions to large energy consumers, urban centers and industries. Limited efforts were done to provide energy to small and dispersed rural consumers as it seemed to be economically less attractive. This article, therefore, shows the importance of rural electrification over human, economical and social development including its impact across the rural communities' boundaries. While regarded as an important factor for development, rural electrification is, however, a function of many input factors in a mutual dependence relationships, reinforcement and feedback loops. Besides of the evident benefits of increased comfort and satisfaction levels to the rural population, other benefits of rural electrification includes improved access to information and communication media, agricultural mechanization and consequent improvement of the agricultural productivity. Agricultural sector is an important part of the industrial production chain: each R$ 1,00 invested in rural electrification generates R$ 3,00 along the production chain and increases the consumption of durable goods, Word Bank, Gazeta Mercantil (1999). For the population and urbanization control, rural electrification creates favorable conditions to maintain people in the rural areas as such reducing government expenditures for urban infrastructure which is more expensive than the rural one. Moreover, this reduces incidences of unemployment in big cities as it generates jobs in the rural sector. Implementation of a combined rural

Proposal for the creation of an autonomous recurrent fund for the development of decentralized rural electrification

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Masse, R.

1998-01-01

The socio-economic implications regarding the establishment of a recurrent fund for the rural electrification of developing countries are discussed in conjunction with an evaluation of the current status of rural electrification. The technological developments in off-grid power production has made rural electrification feasible but several important issues need to be addressed. This paper emphasizes the need for consideration of the scale of the problem. Results of the assessment show that the involvement of the private sector in rural electrification is still minimal. Moreover, in many countries off-grid power production is either impossible or illegal

Life cycle assessment of village electrification based on straight jatropha oil in Chhattisgarh, India

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gmuender, Simon Michael; Zah, Rainer; Widmer, Rolf [Technology and Society Lab, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research (EMPA), Ueberlandstr. 129, 8600 Duebendorf (Switzerland); Bhatacharjee, Somnath [Winrock India International, New Delhi (India); Classen, Mischa [First Climate AG, Zuerich (Switzerland); Mukherjee, Prodyut [Sir Dorabji Tata Trust and Allied Trusts, New Delhi (India)

2010-03-15

A decentralized power generation plant fuelled by straight jatropha oil was implemented in 2006 in Ranidhera, Chhattisgarh, India. The goal of this study was to assess the environmental sustainability of that electrification project in order to provide a scientific basis for policy decisions on electrifying remote villages. A full Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was conducted on jatropha-based rural electrification and then compared with other electrification approaches such as photovoltaic (PV), grid connection and a diesel-fuelled power generator. In summary, the jatropha-based electrification in Ranidhera reduces greenhouse gas emissions over the full life cycle by a factor of 7 compared to a diesel generator or grid connection. The environmental performance is only slightly improved, mainly due to the high air pollution from pre-heating the jatropha seeds. With additional measures oil extraction and overall efficiency could be further improved. However, environmental benefits can only be achieved if jatropha is cultivated on marginal land and land use competition can be excluded. Under these conditions, jatropha-based electricity generation might be a useful alternative to other renewable electrification options, as the technology is very sturdy and can be maintained even in remote and highly under-developed regions. (author)

Driving and hindering factors for rural electrification in developing countries: Lessons from Bangladesh

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rahman, Md. Mizanur; Paatero, Jukka V.; Poudyal, Aditya; Lahdelma, Risto

2013-01-01

Rural electrification is essential for bringing about social and economic developments, but the progress is distressingly slow in most developing countries. The Bangladesh Rural Electrification Program (BREP) has been highlighted as a positive case among developing countries, but from 2006 onwards there have been doubts about the program's chances of success. In this paper, we examine the rural electrification practices in Bangladesh and evaluate the claim that, whereas they were successful up to 2005, they then began to decline in terms of their performance. This study determines the factors behind the initial success of the program as well as those that account for the recent downturn in BREP. We found that the BREP was a clear success in terms of its growth and progress; however, its performance has been declining since 2006. The key driving factors for the success of this program had to do with prioritizing system investment, community involvement, anti-corruption features, standardized practices and performance-based incentives while excluding political parties. The major issues accounting for the decline were the lack of organizational autonomy, a shortage of funding, unrealistic tariffs, and power supply shortages. Renewable-based, off-grid technologies have been successfully supplementing the on-grid program in remote areas. - Highlights: • Rural electrification is essential for bringing about socio-economic developments. • The pace of rural electrification in the developing countries has been very slow. • A multitude of issues plays behind in making the task a success or a failure. • Lack of policy reforms, unrealistic tariffs are the main hinderers. • Rural electrification cannot be successful by sticking to a rigid model

Rural electrification in isolated systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Solorzano, Benjamin; Ruiz, Otto

2000-01-01

This paper discusses the plan of the rural electrification in Guatemala considering the factors that affect costs of installation of power systems such as topography, energy consumption and homes density. Also advantages and limitations of hydro power, solar energy and wind energy are discussed with analyses of costs of production of wind energy. The geothermal energy in Guatemala is also described with analyses of feasibility

Correlating the electrification of volcanic plumes with ashfall textures at Sakurajima Volcano, Japan

Science.gov (United States)

Smith, Cassandra M.; Van Eaton, Alexa R.; Charbonnier, Sylvain; McNutt, Stephen R.; Behnke, Sonja A.; Thomas, Ronald J.; Edens, Harald E.; Thompson, Glenn

2018-06-01

Volcanic lightning detection has become a useful resource for monitoring remote, under-instrumented volcanoes. Previous studies have shown that the behavior of volcanic plume electrification responds to changes in the eruptive processes and products. However, there has not yet been a study to quantify the links between ash textures and plume electrification during an actively monitored eruption. In this study, we examine a sequence of vulcanian eruptions from Sakurajima Volcano in Japan to compare ash textural properties (grain size, shape, componentry, and groundmass crystallinity) to plume electrification using a lightning mapping array and other monitoring data. We show that the presence of the continual radio frequency (CRF) signal is more likely to occur during eruptions that produce large seismic amplitudes (>7 μm) and glass-rich volcanic ash with more equant particle shapes. We show that CRF is generated during energetic, impulsive eruptions, where charge buildup is enhanced by secondary fragmentation (milling) as particles travel out of the conduit and into the gas-thrust region of the plume. We show that the CRF signal is influenced by a different electrification process than later volcanic lightning. By using volcanic CRF and lightning to better understand the eruptive event and its products these key observations will help the monitoring community better utilize volcanic electrification as a method for monitoring and understanding ongoing explosive eruptions.

Children's education and home electrification: A case study in northwestern Madagascar

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rajaona Daka, Karen, E-mail: karen_rajaona@yahoo.f [University of Versailles St Quentin en Yvelines, 47 Bd Vauban, 78047 Guyancourt Cedex (France); Ballet, Jerome, E-mail: jballetfr@yahoo.f [Centre of Ethics and Economics for Environment and Development in Madagascar, University of Antananarivo, BP905, 101 Antananarivo (Madagascar); Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, UMI Resiliences, 32 Avenue Henri Varagnat, 93143 Bondy Cedex (France)

2011-05-15

Assessments of the impact of electrification on the quality of life of households in developing countries have increased over the last decade. One aspect that has still received little attention is education and the ability of children to keep up at school. The underlying hypothesis is that electrification enables children to do their homework in the evening and so keep up with their school work. To this first hypothesis we add a second one, concerning the relation between access to electricity and attendance to school according to gender. Although most household tasks are carried out by the mothers, their daughters are also involved, and electrification could have a beneficial effect by making easier for girls to do their homework in the evening and easier for the mothers to help them. We will check the validity of these hypotheses using a case study of 162 children attending school in a small town in northwestern Madagascar. - Research Highlights: {yields} We use a sample of 162 children in Madagascar to test the effect of access to the electricity supply in home to the education of children. {yields} We also test the effect to the electricity supply in home to gender-specificities. {yields} Our results confirm that electrification can contribute to reduce social reproduction with regard to education. {yields} Our results also show that electrification helps to reduce gender inequalities.

Les cooperatives et l'electrification rurale du Quebec, 1945--1964

Science.gov (United States)

Dorion, Marie-Josee

Cette these est consacree a l'histoire de l'electrification rurale du Quebec, et, plus particulierement, a l'histoire des cooperatives d'electricite. Fondees par vagues successives a partir de 1945, les cooperatives rurales d'electricite ont ete actives dans plusieurs regions du Quebec et elles ont electrifie une partie significative des zones rurales. Afin de comprendre le contexte de la creation des cooperatives d'electricite, notre these debute (premiere partie) par une analyse du climat sociopolitique des annees precedant la naissance du systeme cooperatif d'electrification rurale. Nous y voyons de quelle facon l'electrification rurale devient progressivement, a partir de la fin des annees 1920, une question d'actualite a laquelle les divers gouvernements qui se succedent tentent de trouver une solution, sans engager---ou si peu---les fonds de l'Etat. En ce sens, la premiere etatisation et la mise sur pied d'Hydro-Quebec, en 1944, marquent une rupture quant au mode d'action privilegie jusque-la. La nouvelle societe d'Etat se voit cependant retirer son mandat d'electrifier le monde rural un an apres sa fondation, car le gouvernement Duplessis, de retour au pouvoir, prefere mettre en place son propre modele d'electrification rurale. Ce systeme repose sur des cooperatives d'electricite, soutenues par un organisme public, l'Office de l'electrification rurale (OER). L'OER suscite de grandes attentes de la part des ruraux et c'est par centaines qu'ils se manifestent. Cet engouement pour les cooperatives complique la tache de l'OER, qui doit superviser de nouvelles societes tout en assurant sa propre organisation. Malgre des hesitations et quelques delais introduits par un manque de connaissances techniques et de personnel qualifie, les commissaires de l'OER se revelent perspicaces et parviennent a mettre sur pied un systeme cooperatif d'electrification rurale qui produit des resultats rapides. Il leur faudra cependant compter sur l'aide des autres acteurs engages

Clustering Algorithm As A Planning Support Tool For Rural Electrification Optimization

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ronaldo Pornillosa Parreno Jr

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Abstract In this study clustering algorithm was developed to optimize electrification plans by screening and grouping potential customers to be supplied with electricity. The algorithm provided adifferent approach in clustering problem which combines conceptual and distance-based clustering algorithmsto analyze potential clusters using spanning tree with the shortest possible edge weight and creating final cluster trees based on the test of inconsistency for the edges. The clustering criteria consists of commonly used distance measure with the addition of household information as basis for the ability to pay ATP value. The combination of these two parameters resulted to a more significant and realistic clusters since distance measure alone could not take the effect of the household characteristics in screening the most sensible groupings of households. In addition the implications of varying geographical features were incorporated in the algorithm by using routing index across the locations of the households. This new approach of connecting the households in an area was applied in an actual case study of one village or barangay that was not yet energized. The results of clustering algorithm generated cluster trees which could becomethetheoretical basis for power utilities to plan the initial network arrangement of electrification. Scenario analysis conducted on the two strategies of clustering the households provideddifferent alternatives for the optimization of the cost of electrification. Futhermorethe benefits associated with the two strategies formulated from the two scenarios was evaluated using benefit cost ratio BC to determine which is more economically advantageous. The results of the study showed that clustering algorithm proved to be effective in solving electrification optimization problem and serves its purpose as a planning support tool which can facilitate electrification in rural areas and achieve cost-effectiveness.

Electrification Futures Study: End-Use Electric Technology Cost and Performance Projections through 2050

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jadun, Paige [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); McMillan, Colin [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Steinberg, Daniel [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Muratori, Matteo [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Vimmerstedt, Laura [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Mai, Trieu [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

2017-12-01

This report is the first in a series of Electrification Futures Study (EFS) publications. The EFS is a multiyear research project to explore widespread electrification in the future energy system of the United States. More specifically, the EFS is designed to examine electric technology advancement and adoption for end uses in all major economic sectors as well as electricity consumption growth and load profiles, future power system infrastructure development and operations, and the economic and environmental implications of widespread electrification. Because of the expansive scope and the multiyear duration of the study, research findings and supporting data will be published as a series of reports, with each report released on its own timeframe.

Multi-Criteria Optimization of the Deployment of a Grid for Rural Electrification Based on a Heuristic Method

Science.gov (United States)

Ortiz-Matos, L.; Aguila-Tellez, A.; Hincapié-Reyes, R. C.; González-Sanchez, J. W.

2017-07-01

In order to design electrification systems, recent mathematical models solve the problem of location, type of electrification components, and the design of possible distribution microgrids. However, due to the amount of points to be electrified increases, the solution to these models require high computational times, thereby becoming unviable practice models. This study posed a new heuristic method for the electrification of rural areas in order to solve the problem. This heuristic algorithm presents the deployment of rural electrification microgrids in the world, by finding routes for optimal placement lines and transformers in transmission and distribution microgrids. The challenge is to obtain a display with equity in losses, considering the capacity constraints of the devices and topology of the land at minimal economic cost. An optimal scenario ensures the electrification of all neighbourhoods to a minimum investment cost in terms of the distance between electric conductors and the amount of transformation devices.

Utility led rural electrification in Morocco: combining grid extension, mini-grids, and solar home systems

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nygaard, Ivan; Dafrallah, Touria

2016-01-01

Morocco has become known for being an example of a well-performing utility-led rural electrification program, but so far little independent research has scrutinized this extraordinary case. Based on a critical review of the available literature, this study attempts to draw a picture of the evolut......Morocco has become known for being an example of a well-performing utility-led rural electrification program, but so far little independent research has scrutinized this extraordinary case. Based on a critical review of the available literature, this study attempts to draw a picture...... of the evolution of rural electrification in Morocco, the policies and programs that have been implemented, and their institutional, technical, and financial dimensions. The review reveals that information available about the success of the programme has almost entirely been provided by the utility ONE, which has......) a level of rural electrification in Morocco that from the outset was far below that in comparable neighboring countries; (2) a high GDP compared to sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries; and (3) a high level of urban electrification that allowed cross-subsidization from urban consumers. So while...

Interstate Electrification Improvement Project

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Puckette, Margaret [Shorepower Technologies, Hillsboro, OR (United States); Kim, Jeff [Shorepower Technologies, Hillsboro, OR (United States)

2015-07-01

The Interstate Electrification Improvement Project, publicly known as the Shorepower Truck Electrification Project (STEP), started in May 2011 and ended in March 2015. The project grant was awarded by the Department of Energy’s Vehicles Technology Office in the amount of $22.2 million. It had three overarching missions: 1. Reduce the idling of Class 8 tractors when parked at truck stops, to reduce diesel fuel consumption and thus U.S. dependence on foreign petroleum; 2. Stimulate job creation and economic activity as part of the American Reinvestment and Recovery Act of 2009; 3. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) from diesel combustion and the carbon footprint of the truck transportation industry. The project design was straightforward. First, build fifty Truck Stop Electrification (TSE) facilities in truck stop parking lots across the country so trucks could plug-in to 110V, 220V, or 480VAC, and shut down the engine instead of idling. These facilities were strategically located at fifty truck stops along major U.S. Interstates with heavy truck traffic. Approximately 1,350 connection points were installed, including 150 high-voltage electric standby Transport Refrigeration Unit (eTRU) plugs--eTRUs are capable of plugging in to shore power1 to cool the refrigerated trailer for loads such as produce, meats and ice cream. Second, the project provided financial incentives on idle reduction equipment to 5,000 trucks in the form of rebates, to install equipment compatible with shore power. This equipment enables drivers to shut down the main engine when parked, to heat or cool their cab, charge batteries, or use other household appliances without idling—a common practice that uses approximately 1 gallon of diesel per hour. The rebate recipients were intended to be the first fleets to plug into Shorepower to save diesel fuel and ensure there is significant population of shore power capable trucks. This two part project was designed to complement each other by

A new systems paradigm for the rural electrification program, Philippines

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Roxas, Fernando; Santiago, Andrea

2010-09-15

The Philippines has pushed rural electrification for two decades. Recently, the government achieved 100% electrification at the village level. Despite the significant recent economic growth, poverty has increased in some areas. These are usually agricultural and have many un-electrified areas. The multilaterals have launched programs that couple electricity with livelihood projects. The authors argue this is insufficient to guarantee sustainability. A systems view of rural poverty suggests that several components must be designed to work together. In addition to the electricity and livelihood, skills, attitudes, management and markets must be incorporated to make a lasting impact on poverty.

The electrification of the world begins at Labastide-Murat

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Matly, M.

2001-01-01

There is a basic historical contradiction in France being the leader in public electrification while at the same time the French state has never assumed the associated financial or business risks. The electrification of the country has been built virtually entirely around decentralized initiatives and the national company has only completed, modernized and managed the existing system though doubtless with a great deal of professionalism and success. It is probably this very professionalism and success which have given electrical producers an the Third World, (seeking a role model in the developed world), a false image of the future of this sector, presenting it as that of a large company moving from the centre outwards, from the town to the rural world. Beyond the ideologies of public versus private which have left their mark on the history of electricity for several decades, the French experience gives the image of an electrification programme which is being built up by the will of the people, where a centralized and highly legislative State has succeeded in both stimulating a large number of private entrepreneurs, large and small alike, and mobilizing tens of thousands of districts sharing this ambition, as shown by the example of Labastide Murat, a small village in the South West of France. (author)

The Importance of Government Effectiveness for Transitions toward Greater Electrification in Developing Countries

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rohan Best

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Electricity is a vital factor underlying modern living standards, but there are many developing countries with low levels of electricity access and use. We seek to systematically identify the crucial elements underlying transitions toward greater electrification in developing countries. We use a cross-sectional regression approach with national-level data up to 2012 for 135 low- and middle-income countries. The paper finds that the effectiveness of governments is the most important governance attribute for encouraging the transition to increased electrification in developing countries, on average. The results add to the growing evidence on the importance of governance for development outcomes. Donors seeking to make more successful contributions to electrification may wish to target countries with more effective governments.

Herramienta ALTER. Recursos educativos digitales en red y actividades con herramientas Web 2.0 para aulas hospitalarias

OpenAIRE

Serrano Sánchez, José Luis; Torres Soto, Ana

2012-01-01

Serrano, J.L. y Torres, A. (2012). Herramienta ALTER. Recursos educativos digitales en red y actividades con herramientas Web 2.0 para aulas hospitalarias. En M.P. Prendes y J.L. Serrano (Coords.), Las TIC en las aulas hospitalarias. Alicante: Marfil.

Electrification of particulates in industrial and natural multiphase flows

CERN Document Server

Gu, Zhaolin

2017-01-01

This book introduces comprehensive fundamentals, numerical simulations and experimental methods of electrification of particulates entrained multiphase flows. The electrifications of two particulate forms, liquid droplets and solid particles, are firstly described together. Liquid droplets can be charged under preset or associated electric fields, while solid particles can be charged through contact. Different charging ways in gas (liquid)-liquid or gas-solid multiphase flows are summarized, including ones that are beneficial to industrial processes, such as electrostatic precipitation, electrostatic spraying, and electrostatic separation, etc., ones harmful for shipping and powder industry, and ones occurring in natural phenomenon, such as wind-blown sand and thunderstorm. This book offers theoretical references to the control and utilization of the charging or charged particulates in multiphase flows as well.

Institutional barriers to a ‘perfect’ policy: A case study of the Senegalese Rural Electrification Plan

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mawhood, Rebecca; Gross, Robert

2014-01-01

This paper investigates the political and institutional factors that have influenced the success of the Senegalese Rural Electrification Action Plan (Plan d'Action Sénégalais d'Électrification Rurale, PASER). PASER is of interest because its innovative design attracted extensive offers of finance from donors and independent power providers, however it has had limited effect on electrification levels. This paper examines PASER's progress and problems in detail, with the aim of informing rural electrification policy internationally. An extensive literature review was combined with 26 semi-structured stakeholder interviews, to produce a snapshot of the Plan's status after its first decade of operation. PASER's experiences are compared with other reform-based rural electrification initiatives across Sub-Saharan Africa. PASER has faced significant institutional and political barriers, with delays arising from organisational opposition, inconsistent ministerial support, protracted consultations and the inherent challenges of implementing an innovative policy framework in a country with limited institutional capacity. The development of human and institutional capacity has been compromised by inconsistent political commitment. Such experiences mirror those of electrification initiatives across Sub-Saharan Africa. Whilst PASER's successes in garnering external support and fundraising are noteworthy and won praise from early reviews, in terms of delivery the Plan has failed to resolve common institutional barriers. - Highlights: • Factors influencing the Senegalese Rural Electrification Action Plan are investigated. • 26 Stakeholder interviews inform a review of the Plan after 10 years of operation. • The Plan has attracted extensive finance, but installations are severely delayed. • The delays are found to be largely the result of institutional and political barriers. • These barriers mirror the experiences of electrification

Gender mainstraming in the Bangladesh Rural Electrification Board

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Clancy, Joy S.; Ekram, Lailun Nahar; Halim, Sadeka; Mhatab, Nazmunnessa

2004-01-01

A Gender Equity Strategy and Action Plan has been integrated into the Bangladesh Rural Electrification Board’s Master Plan. Implementation of this plan will be the first gender mainstreaming exercise in the energy sector in Bangladesh, and possibly in the world.

Microgrids project. Part 2. Design of an electrification kit with high content of renewable energy sources in Senegal

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Alzola, J.A.; Santos, M. [Robotiker Tecnalia, Parque Tecnologico, Edificio 202, 48170 Zamudio (Spain); Vechiu, I. [ESTIA Recherche Technopole Izarbel, 64210 Bidart (France); Camblong, H. [ESTIA Recherche Technopole Izarbel, 64210 Bidart (France); Electrical Engineering Department, University of the Basque Country (E.U.P.-D), Europa Plaza 1, 20018 Donostia - San Sebastian (Spain); Sall, M. [Centre d' Etudes et de Recherches sur les Energies Renouvelables (UCAD) (Senegal); Sow, G. [Laboratoire des Energies Renouvelables (LER), Ecole Sup. Polytechnique, Dakar (Senegal)

2009-10-15

Senegal is one of the less developed countries in the world (position 158 in a list of 174 countries). 85% of its rural population does not have access to electricity and there's no doubt that this is an important barrier for socio-economic development. In this context, the project Microgrids aims at contributing to solve this problem. This project is part of the Intelligent Energy - Europe Programme supported by the European Commission. Its objective is the promotion and dissemination of the use of micro-grids with high content of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) for the electrification of villages far away from the grid in Senegal. One of the results of the project was the analysis of rural electrification needs, which is described in another paper [Camblong H, Sarr J, Niang AT, Curea O, Alzola JA, Sylla EH, Santos M. Microgrids project, part 1: analysis of rural electrification with high content of renewable energy sources in Senegal. Renewable Energy, submitted for publication.]. This paper presents the design of an electrification kit based on the information provided by that analysis [Analyse des besoins locaux pour l'electrification de zones rurales au Senegal. Technical report of Microgrids project; 2007. Available from: http://www.microgrids-eie.com.]. After identifying necessary previous conditions for the sustainability of any electrification project, a methodology is proposed for the design of the electrification kit. This methodology is applied to a typical village and results are extended to differently sized villages in the areas of Thies, Fatick and Kaolack. Economic considerations are also included to establish the relationship between electrification costs and paying capability of the communities. Now the Microgrids' consortium hopes to set-up a new project to apply the designed kit on some rural non-electrified villages. (author)

Geographic and socio-economic barriers to rural electrification: New evidence from Indian villages

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dugoua, Eugenie; Liu, Ruinan; Urpelainen, Johannes

2017-01-01

The International Energy Agency estimates that more than a billion people remain without household electricity access. However, countries such as India have recently made major progress in rural electrification. Who has benefited from these achievements? We focus on 714 villages in six energy-poor states of northern and eastern India to investigate trends in electricity access. We use data both from the 2011 Census of India and an original energy access survey conducted in 2014 and 2015. During the three years that separated the surveys, distance to the nearest town and land area lose their power as predictors of the percentage of households in the village that has access to electricity. In this regard, the Indian government's flagship rural electrification program seems to have managed to overcome a major obstacle to grid extension. On the other hand, socio-economic inequalities between villages related to caste status and household expenditure remain strong predictors. These findings highlight the importance of socio-economic barriers to rural electricity access and alleviate concerns about remoteness and population density as obstacles to grid extension. - Highlights: • Empirical analysis of rural electrification progress in India. • Geographic differences across villages no longer explain electricity access. • Social and economic inequities remain stark. • Future policy should focus on household electrification within villages.

Rural electrification and efforts to create enterprises for the effective use of power

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bastakoti, B.P. [University of Reading (United Kingdom). International and Rural Development Department

2003-11-01

The provision of energy in rural households and communities has several implications and uses. The field experience drawn in this paper shows the efforts and approaches employed to make the optimum use of the electric energy through enterprise creation. If rural electrification is left to grow without any directional inputs, experience has shown that, beyond obvious use for lighting, radios and basic home-appliances, uses which might bring economic development to an area, are slow to emerge. To be of development benefit to an area, electricity should be employed in enterprises which employ local people, and add value to local resources. However, contrary to the conventional ideology, the empirical observation from this field experience in one of the hill districts of Nepal demonstrates the positive effect of a rural-electrification programme with various innovative approaches, practical tariff policies and varieties of motivational and entrepreneurship development mechanisms. These strategic approaches with supportive institutional mechanisms have proven conducive for fostering the growth of local enterprises, thus creating employment and resource harnessing. Complementary service mechanisms and policy coordination is a necessary precondition for an effective use of power in the rural community rather than the rhetoric policy of rural electrification in isolation. Electrification in isolation, without any promotional or supportive mechanisms, still creates pitfalls. (author)

Rural electrification and efforts to create enterprises for the effective use of power

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Badri Prasad Bastakoti [University of Reading (United Kingdom). International and Rural Development Dept.

2003-11-01

The provision of energy in rural households and communities has several implication and uses. The field experience drawn in this paper shows the efforts and approaches employed to make the optimum use of the electric energy through enterprise creation. If rural electrification is left to grow without any directional inputs, experience has shown that, beyond obvious use for lighting, radios and basic home-appliances, uses which might bring economic development to an area, are slow to emerge. To be of development benefit to an area, electricity should be employed in enterprises which employ local people, and add value to local resources. However, contrary to the conventional ideology, the empirical observation from this field experience in one of the hill districts of Nepal demonstrates the positive effect of a rural-electrification programme with various innovative approaches, practical tariff policies and varieties of motivational and entrepreneurship development mechanisms. These strategic approaches with supportive institutional mechanisms have proven conducive for fostering the growth of local enterprises, thus creating employment and resource harnessing. Complementary service mechanisms and policy coordination is a necessary precondition for an effective use of power in the rural community rather than the rhetoric policy of rural electrification in isolation. Electrification in isolation, without any promotional or supportive mechanisms, still creates pitfalls. (author)

Rural electrification in Sub Saharan Africa in a context of fluctuating oil-prices

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nygaard, Ivan; Bindner, Henrik W.; Katic, Ivan

2009-01-01

matured and markets have gradually developed, PV for rural electrification has often been perceived with scepticism from potential users, donors, government officials and researchers, and solar PV has in many camps been labelled as donor driven, expensive and fragile technology mainly serving the richest......Solar PV is one among other low carbon technologies for rural electrification in Sub Saharan Africa (SSA). Solar PV systems have for almost 30 years been disseminated in SSA, resulting in more than half a million installations concentrated in a few countries. While PV systems have technically...... grid rural electrification schemes based on hybrid solar PVdiesel generators. This may bring PV systems in line with fossil fuel based systems in terms of consumer cost and options for productive use and it changes the market for PV from mainly donor supported schemes into mainstream rural...

Electrification of buildings and industry in the United States: Drivers, barriers, prospects, and policy approaches

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Deason, Jeff; Wei, Max; Leventis, Greg; Smith, Sarah; Schwartz, Lisa C.

2018-03-26

The report offers several use cases and case studies of electrification in buildings and industry: air source heat pumps for space heating, zero net energy buildings, electric water heaters and demand response, electric arc furnaces, and electric boilers. Finally, the report suggests several areas for further research to better understand and advance beneficial electrification.

Greenhouse gas implications of fleet electrification based on big data-informed individual travel patterns.

Science.gov (United States)

Cai, Hua; Xu, Ming

2013-08-20

Environmental implications of fleet electrification highly depend on the adoption and utilization of electric vehicles at the individual level. Past research has been constrained by using aggregated data to assume all vehicles with the same travel pattern as the aggregated average. This neglects the inherent heterogeneity of individual travel behaviors and may lead to unrealistic estimation of environmental impacts of fleet electrification. Using "big data" mining techniques, this research examines real-time vehicle trajectory data for 10,375 taxis in Beijing in one week to characterize the travel patterns of individual taxis. We then evaluate the impact of adopting plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) in the taxi fleet on life cycle greenhouse gas emissions based on the characterized individual travel patterns. The results indicate that 1) the largest gasoline displacement (1.1 million gallons per year) can be achieved by adopting PHEVs with modest electric range (approximately 80 miles) with current battery cost, limited public charging infrastructure, and no government subsidy; 2) reducing battery cost has the largest impact on increasing the electrification rate of vehicle mileage traveled (VMT), thus increasing gasoline displacement, followed by diversified charging opportunities; 3) government subsidies can be more effective to increase the VMT electrification rate and gasoline displacement if targeted to PHEVs with modest electric ranges (80 to 120 miles); and 4) while taxi fleet electrification can increase greenhouse gas emissions by up to 115 kiloton CO2-eq per year with the current grid in Beijing, emission reduction of up to 36.5 kiloton CO2-eq per year can be achieved if the fuel cycle emission factor of electricity can be reduced to 168.7 g/km. Although the results are based on a specific public fleet, this study demonstrates the benefit of using large-scale individual-based trajectory data (big data) to better understand environmental implications

Assessing the Impacts of Rural Electrification in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Case of Ethiopia

Science.gov (United States)

Aragaw, Mekonnen Lulie

This study links rural electrification and the transition to modern energy services with poverty reduction and rural development in Ethiopia. Benefits of rural electrification in reducing poverty and accelerating rural development in low-income developing countries have been insufficiently researched. This study analyses available empirical evidence at a local level and examines how electricity access translates into productive use beyond powering radios and lighting. A survey of 336 households was conducted in Northern Ethiopia on impacts of electrification on four rural towns with varying number of years of access to electricity. Evidence at household and community levels shows that access to electricity was followed by an increase in household connectivity rate, and slow transition to modern energy services based on level of household income and number of years of a household's connection to electricity services. The pace of transition to modern energy services was slow, and household energy poverty and dependence on biomass fuels continued in most rural towns, having little impact on improved environmental management practices. Improvement in rural livelihood, poverty reduction, and delivery of public services was highest for those with more years of access to electricity, and higher income households. The fact that impacts of RE depend on number of years of a household's electricity connection implies gradual improvements rather than immediate benefits after connection. In the short-term, households improved their quality of life through better lighting and reduced indoor-air pollution. In the medium and longer-term, households and communities diversified their income and received improved public services such as education, health, and potable water. Further benefits were wider off-farm and non-farm employment, increased rural markets, and improved environment for rural development. Very poor households benefited least, while those better-off utilized

The rural villages electrification with a hybrid photovoltaic

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kocev, Kiril; Dimitrov, Dimitar; Tugjarov, Gjorgji

2002-01-01

Depending on a daily load demand, distance from the utility grid and the available solar energy, the rural villages electrification with a hybrid photovoltaic (PV) system can be a cheaper solution than the classic electrification, by connecting them to the utility grid. Besides PV generator, the considered hybrid system is consisted of a battery and a diesel genset. For the concrete case - rural village with estimated daily load demand of 15.5 kWh/day, with the computer program PVFORM, which is modified for such hybrid system, were simulated a few hundreds PV systems, with different sizes of the PV generator and of the battery capacity. Analyzing the obtained results, it can be foreseen the influence of the component size on the system functionality. From the mass of possible system combinations, it is chosen one that has 42 % lower initial investment, than the initial investment for connection of the village to the utility grid. (Original)

Impacts of Rural Electrification Revisited: The African Context

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Peters, Jorg; Sievert, Maximiliane; Vincent, Nicolas

2015-12-01

The investment requirements to achieve the United Nations' universal electricity access goal by 2030 are estimated at 640 billion US Dollars. The assumption underlying this goal is that electrification contributes to poverty alleviation in many regards. In recent years, a body of literature has emerged that widely confirms this positive poverty impact assumption. Most of these studies, however, are based on data from Asia and Latin America. This paper challenges the transferability of impact findings in the literature to the African context. Using a unique data set that we collected in various African countries we suggest that impact expectations on income, education, and health should be discounted considerably for Africa. In many cases, the low levels of electricity consumption can also be served by low-cost solar alternatives. To ensure cost-effective usage of public investments into rural electrification, we call for careful cost-benefit comparisons of on-grid and off-grid solutions. (authors)

Legal and management aspects in rural electrification; Aspectos juridicos y empresariales de la electrificacion rural

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Alem Deaces, J [Administracion Nacional de Usinas y trasmisiones Electricas (UTE), Montevideo (Uruguay)

1994-07-01

Present work considers that the rural electrification is generally deficit, as well in the line of transmission builds as the generation sources constructions. The big benefits of the rural electrification would be the improvement of quality of the human life as well as in the agricultural economic development. The participation of all the social agents' collaboration would be necessary.

Barefoot in Afghanistan: solar electrification of villages in Afghanistan

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Roy, Bunker [Barefoot Coll., Rajasthan (India); Synnevag, Gry [Norwegian Church Aid (Norway)

2006-05-15

In the mountains of Afghanistan, villagers must walk long distances and pay high prices to buy fuel to survive. The authors report on an innovative solar electrification scheme that has enabled villagers to be self-reliant installers. (Author)

Scenarios for the Electrification of Transport

OpenAIRE

Kanudia , Amit; Gastineau , Pascal; BACHMANN , Till; PREISS , Philipp; STOFFREGEN , Alexander; VINOT , Simon; CHEZE , Benoît; Tchung-Ming , Stéphane; BOUVART , Frédérique

2015-01-01

SCelecTRA - Scenarios for the electrification of Transport is a collaborative project under the ERANET - Electromobility+ call for project and aims at: · identifying the conditions and public policies actions to develop road passenger electromobility in Europe for 2030, · assessing the environmental impacts of such policies via consequential Life Cycle Analysis as well as their external costs.; Sélectionné dans le cadre du programme ERANET- Electromobility+, le projet visait à identifier les ...

Ford Motor Company's Global Electrification Strategy

OpenAIRE

Ellen Hughes-Cromwick

2011-01-01

Ford Motor Company has developed global platforms for its vehicles, including hybrid electric vehicles and forthcoming battery-electric and plug-in hybrids. Providing electrification technologies is a key element of Ford's broader strategy of producing vehicles that have improved fuel economy and reduced greenhouse emissions. The breadth of this effort—across a range of vehicle types—is unique in the automotive industry. Of particular importance is using the same vehicle platforms for electri...

Sustainable Electrification for Asia and Africa

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Desarnaud, Gabrielle

2016-03-01

Complementary solutions to national grid extensions let hope for significant improvements in the field of energy access, consistent with current economic and environmental challenges. This Note explores the regulatory and economic prerequisites that must be enhanced in order to support the emergence of mini-grid and off-grid technologies. The Millennium Development Goals (MDG) were set up in 2000 in an unprecedented international commitment to eradicate extreme poverty by the year 2015. Yet, the height goals do not specifically feature access to electricity, forgetting the role energy access plays in development. While 1.2 billion people remain in the dark, or still rely on fossil fuels, biomass and candles for lighting, electrification is a catalyst for economic development. Electricity access gives households the chance to reallocate hours searching for fuel to other activities, help domestic micro-enterprises to develop or extends child education after school by substituting diesel and kerosene, used in generators, for a safer and cheaper lighting source. In 2011, the UN launched the 'Sustainable Energy for All' (SE4All) initiative, which finally united international organisations, development banks and public and private actors around common objectives, among which achieving universal electrification by 2030. In September 2015, promoting access to a safe and sustainable energy has become one of the major missions of the Sustainable Development Goals, taking over from the MDGs. However, the progress of electrification still faces numerous challenges such as a crucial lack of institutional capacities in developing countries, instable policy frameworks, unreliable data, limited financial capacities of people in need, and a robust demographic growth. Current investments are far from reaching the 32 billion dollar per year necessary according to the International Energy Agency (IEA) to fill the mandate of the SE4All. Extending the grid is generally the most favored

South Africa's rapid electrification programme: Policy, institutional, planning, financing and technical innovations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bekker, Bernard; Eberhard, Anton; Gaunt, Trevor; Marquard, Andrew

2008-01-01

This paper documents South Africa's electrification programme from the late 1980s to the present. The primary aim of the paper is to present the reader with an overview of the policy, institutional, planning, financing and technological developments and innovations that resulted in more than 5 million households receiving access to electricity between 1990 and 2007. Key aspects include the way in which a period of political change and policy disruption were essential to the programme's initiation, and the critical role played by organisations and individuals outside of national government in helping shape new electrification policies and strategies. In addition, the paper identifies the contribution of technology development in cost reduction and achieving the social aims of the programme. Several lessons may be drawn from the institutional and planning arrangements that the South African programme has developed, the significance of the development of appropriate cost-driven technical innovations and standards, and the acknowledgement of the social function of electrification and its funding from the fiscus (rather than through cross-subsidies)

Deconstructing the concept of renewable energy-based mini-grids for rural electrification in East Africa

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pedersen, Mathilde Brix

2016-01-01

The goal of providing universal energy access to all by 2030 under the UN-led SE4ALL initiative calls for new and innovative solutions to rural electrification and is fuelling the recent interest in mini-grids. Mini-grid solutions are emerging as a third alternative to rural electrification, coming...... between the option of large-scale grid extension and pico-scale stand-alone solutions like solar home systems or solar lanterns. International expectations of mini-grids are high, with the International Energy Agency suggesting that they will play a significant role in reaching the goal of universal...... electrification and the challenges identified in the literature, the study concludes by proposing three avenues for further research. For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website....

Mechanisms of Contact Electrification at Aluminum-Polytetrafluoroethylene and Polypropylene-Water

KAUST Repository

Nauruzbayeva, Jamilya

2017-01-01

of electrons, but a comprehensive understanding of contact electrification at interfaces of electrical insulators, such as air, water, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polypropylene remains incomplete. In fact, a variety of mechanisms responsible for transfer

Rural electrification to low cost; Eletrificacao rural de baixo custo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ribeiro, Fernando Selles

1993-07-01

Rural electrification is a political matter. Sometimes it is discussed as a social matter, sometimes as an economical matter, sometimes as a technical matter. The political aspect of the decisions is remarkable in all three fields.The present work relies on the concept that poorer producers will only be reached by a rural electrification program, if an alternative technology is used aiming to obtain low cost per connection. The ordinary distribution has a cost which doesn't reach those people. The work shows that target is denied in three moments by ideological reason. In a first moment it is denied by state economical politics, always neglecting giving assistance to poorer producers. In a second moment, it is denied by the utility which claims to have more urging problems to solve. Finally, it is denied by the engineer of distribution who, ideologically, turns to an engineering of primacy, and doesn't o think about the use of a more simplified technology. Actions to intended to interrupt these mechanisms are mentioned. One of the actions aims to introduce in the preparatory studies of engineers deeper discussions concerning the social function of energy. The other action is the proposition of a standard of rural electrification with leads to the solution of the problem, since there is political attention. (author)

Rural electrification to low cost; Eletrificacao rural de baixo custo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ribeiro, Fernando Selles

1993-07-01

Rural electrification is a political matter. Sometimes it is discussed as a social matter, sometimes as an economical matter, sometimes as a technical matter. The political aspect of the decisions is remarkable in all three fields.The present work relies on the concept that poorer producers will only be reached by a rural electrification program, if an alternative technology is used aiming to obtain low cost per connection. The ordinary distribution has a cost which doesn't reach those people. The work shows that target is denied in three moments by ideological reason. In a first moment it is denied by state economical politics, always neglecting giving assistance to poorer producers. In a second moment, it is denied by the utility which claims to have more urging problems to solve. Finally, it is denied by the engineer of distribution who, ideologically, turns to an engineering of primacy, and doesn't o think about the use of a more simplified technology. Actions to intended to interrupt these mechanisms are mentioned. One of the actions aims to introduce in the preparatory studies of engineers deeper discussions concerning the social function of energy. The other action is the proposition of a standard of rural electrification with leads to the solution of the problem, since there is political attention. (author)

An integrated framework for rural electrification: Adopting a user-centric approach to business model development

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schillebeeckx, Simon J.D.; Parikh, Priti; Bansal, Rahul; George, Gerard

2012-01-01

Rural electrification (RE) has gained prominence over the past two decades as an effective means for improving living conditions. This growth has largely been driven by socio-economic and political imperatives to improve rural livelihood and by technological innovation. Based on a content analysis of 232 scholarly articles, the literature is categorized into four focal lenses: technology, institutional, viability and user-centric. We find that the first two dominate the RE debate. The viability lens has been used less frequently, whilst the user-centric lens began to engage scholars as late as 2007. We provide an overview of the technological, institutional and viability lenses, and elaborate upon the user-centric lens in greater detail. For energy policy and practice, we combine the four lenses to develop a business model framework that policy makers, practitioners and investors could use to assess RE projects or to design future rural electrification strategies. - Highlights: ► Review of two decades of rural electrification research. ► Content analysis of 232 scholarly articles. ► Literature is categorized into four focal lenses: technology, institutional, viability and user-centric. ► We develop a business model framework for rural electrification strategies.

The Impact of Rural Electrification. Challenges and Ways Forward

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Torero, Maximo; Vincent, Nicolas

2015-05-01

Rigorous impact evaluation that includes appropriately selected control groups must be a part of rural electrification program designs. Budgeting evaluation activities and engaging with evaluators at an early stage improves to likelihood of having a high quality evaluation design; plus, if deviations occur after the design stage, the evaluators are better prepared to adjust the design so that the impact results remain informative to policy makers and future program designers. Another take-away is to use unified framework to specify the expected outcomes and the plausible sizes of impacts. If done at the beginning of the program, this will provide context to the kind of discussion that policy makers should engage in (e.g. if they should focus on health benefits or the potential to diffuse information campaigns to rural households). These points focus mostly on internal validity, but we also need to focus on external validity as well. Large scale rural electrification programs will provide an opportunity to test if the results from small scale impact evaluations translate to other settings. Something we have not stressed so far but that is important to keep in mind are the complementarities in the provision of different type of infrastructure. Large projects can provide an opportunity to explore complementarities with other infrastructure programs, such as mobile telephony, road access, and improved water and sanitation access. They can shed light on what are the most welfare-enhancing policy options when deciding what types of infrastructure to provide in rural areas, and especially to poor rural households. Finally, we reiterate the need to use an objective function that casts a wider net when deciding where to place electrification programs. Focusing solely on cost minimization can result in missed opportunities. When deciding where to deploy the electric grid in rural areas it is imperative to take into account the potential profits, specifically the agricultural

DC micro-grid with distributed generation for rural electrification

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Sarker, M.J.; Asare-Bediako, B.; Alipuria, B.; Slootweg, J.G.; Kling, W.L.

2012-01-01

This paper investigates the use of low voltage DC distribution network for rural electrification within an intelligent grid concept. The goal is to provide local communities in sparsely populated areas with electricity supply generated from renewable energy sources. Since these communities subsist

Solar PV rural electrification and energy-poverty. A review and conceptual framework with reference to Ghana

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Obeng, George Yaw [Kwame Nkrumah Univ. of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasei (Ghana). Technology Consultancy Centre; Evers, Hans-Dieter [Center for Development Research (Bonn University) ZEF, Bonn (Germany). Dept. of Political and Cultural Change

2009-07-01

In spite of the intention of governments to increase the use of renewable energy in electricity supply, particularly the use of solar photovoltaic (PV) for energy poverty reduction in rural and peri-urban areas of Africa, there is relatively little information on how solar PV electrification impacts on energy poverty reduction. Therefore, there is a gap in the literature and hence the need for continuous research. Using Ghana as a reference country, the historical trend, donor cooperation and other aspects of solar PV rural electrification are discussed. The paper illustrates the intersectoral linkages of solar PV electrification and indicators on education, health, information acquisition, agriculture and micro-enterprises. It also reviews sustainability related issues including costs and market barriers, subsidies, stakeholders involvement, political and policy implications, which are critical factors for sustainable market development of solar PV and other renewables. Finally, a common framework is developed to provide a basic understanding of how solar PV electrification impacts on energy-poverty. This framework provides a structure of the interrelated concepts and principles relevant to the issues under review. (orig.)

Chile rural electrification cooperation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Flowers, L. [National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO (United States)

1997-12-01

The author describes a joint program to use renewables for rural electrification projects in Chile. The initial focus was in a limited part of the country, involving wind mapping, pilot project planning, training, and development of methodologies for comparative evaluations of resources. To this point three wind hybrid systems have been installed in one region, as a part of the regional private utility, and three additional projects are being designed. Additional resource assessment and training is ongoing. The author points out the difficulties in working with utilities, the importance of signed documentation, and the need to look at these programs as long term because of the time involved in introducing such new technologies.

HERRAMIENTAS PARA LA ESTIMACIÓN DEL RIESGO CARDIOVASCULAR

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dra. Sonia Kunstmann

2018-01-01

Existen diferentes herramientas para medir el riesgo cardiovascular, siendo las tablas de estratificación las más utilizadas para estos fines. Existen marcadores de riesgo que añaden poco a la estratificación y se recomiendan solo en evaluaciones del especialista. Algunas imágenes como Score de Calcio, son una nueva herramienta de evaluación del riesgo de presentar un evento cardiovascular en los próximos años. Esta revisión analiza diversas herramientas para la prevención cardiovascular

Solar base rural electrification in Balochistan

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mahar, F.

2001-01-01

In Balochistan province, most of the population is living in rural areas and devoid of life's basic facilities. In rural areas of Balochistan where most of the population up to 85% is located, more than four million people lack the essential energy services needed to satisfy the most basic needs and to improve living standards. In this paper, author has suggested some technique which will reduce the load and make solar photovoltaic system quite viable for rural electrification in Balochistan. (author)

Develop of the rural electrification; Desarrollo de la electrificacion rural

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tancredi, R [Administracion Nacional de Usinas y transmisiones Electricas, UTE, Montevideo (Uruguay)

1994-07-01

The present document about the develop the evolution of the rural electrification in the Uruguay from the decade of the 60 as well this country is considered with the most of populations 95% with electric power.

Multi-objective assessment of rural electrification in remote areas with poverty considerations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silva, Diego; Nakata, Toshihiko

2009-01-01

Rural electrification with renewable energy technologies (RETs) offers several benefits to remote areas where diesel generation is unsuitable due to fuel supply constraints. Such benefits include environmental and social aspects, which are linked to energy access and poverty reduction in less-favored areas of developing countries. In this case, multi-objective methods are suitable tools for planning in rural areas. In this study, assessment of rural electrification with renewable energy systems is conducted by means of goal programming towards fuel substitution. The approach showed that, in the Non-Interconnected Zones of Colombia, substitution of traditional biomass with an electrification scheme using renewable energy sources provides significant environmental benefits, measured as land use and avoided emissions, as well as higher employment generation rates than diesel generation schemes. Nevertheless, fuel substitution is constrained by the elevated cost of electricity compared to traditional biomass, which raises households' energy expenditures between twofold to five times higher values. The present approach, yet wide in scope, is still limited for quantifying the impact of energy access improvements on poverty reduction, as well as for the assessment of energy system's technical feasibility.

The rural areas electrification with a hybrid photovoltaic systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kocev, Kiril I.; Dimitrov, Dimitar; Tudzharov, Gjorgji

2001-01-01

Depending on a daily load demand, distance from the utility grid and the available solar energy, the rural villages electrification with a hybrid photovoltaic (PV) system can be a cheaper solution than the classic electrification, by connecting them to the utility grid. Besides PV generator, the considered hybrid system is consisted of a battery and a diesel gen set. For the concrete case - rural village with estimated daily load demand of 15.5 kWh/day, with the computer program PVFORM, which is modified for such hybrid system, were simulated a few hundreds PV systems, with different sizes of the PV generator and of the battery capacity. Analyzing the obtained results, it can be foreseen the influence of the component size on the system functionality. From the mass of possible system combinations, it is chosen one that has 42 % lower initial investment, than the initial investment for connection of the village to the utility grid. (Original)

Effects of electron beam irradiation on electrification of and discharge from surface of artificial satellite

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nishimoto, Hironobu; Fujii, Haruhisa; Shibuya, Yoshikazu; Kasai, Koitaro; Abe, Toshio.

1986-01-01

Plasma has the largest influence on the electrification and discharge in the space environment. In the present study, satellite surface material is irradiated with an electron beam witch simulates the electron flow in the plasma, in order to investigate the mechanism of electrification and discharge and to provide basic information required for developing electrification prevention techniques. The heat-control material samples used include silver-deposited Teflon, aluminum-deposited Kapton, optical solar reflector and transparent conductive-coated aluminum-deposited Kapton. It is shown that silvered Teflon is electrified more easily than aluminized Kapton. Two types of discharge are found to occur in silvered Teflon: creeping discharge in thick samples (5 mil) and penetration break accompanied by creeping discharge in thin samples (1 mil). The discharge frequency increases with increasing beam current density and electron energy. The occurrence of discharge results in an increase in the sunlight absorption factor of silvered Teflon. When a set of four sheets of optical solar reflector is subjected to electron beam, active discharge is seen to take place between the sheets. It is also revealed that static electrification can be prevented effectively if the surface of heat-control material is coated with transparent conductive material such as indium oxide. (Nogami, K.)

Constructing low emitting power systems through grid extension in Papua New Guinea (PNG) with rural electrification

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nagai, Y. [Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Ogimoto Lab. 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505 (Japan); Yamamoto, H. [Department of Advanced Energy, The University of Tokyo, 5-4-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba-ken 277-8561 (Japan); Yamaji, K. [Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 (Japan)

2010-05-15

The effective rural electrification method varies with economic status and geographical location, and the benefits of decentralized generation differ for each energy system depending on its characteristics. This paper evaluates the most effective generation strategies with rural electrification in an optimized power system of Papua New Guinea (PNG) using a linear programming model. The energy system model developed for the study includes decentralized generation, centralized generation, and grid systems of electricity and gas with consideration for the current energy system and infrastructure. Two methods of rural electrification, decentralized generation and grid extension, are compared with and without the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). The results of simulations show that extending the power grid that allows economical generation such as coal-fired power and hydropower to supply rural electricity is a more cost effective way for rural electrification. Although grid extension is more capital intensive than decentralized generation, the former reduces the total system cost through reduction of the fossil fuel use. Extending the power grid is also effective at attracting CDM investments, since it makes the power system flexible and provides opportunities to advance low emitting energy such as hydropower. (author)

Renewable electrification and local capability formation: Linkages and interactive learning

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lema, Rasmus; Hanlin, Rebecca; Hansen, Ulrich Elmer

2018-01-01

This paper discusses the prospects for developing production and innovation capabilities arising from renewable electrification efforts. This discussion falls at the intersection of several literatures within innovation studies and development studies. It requires a combination of ideas from acro...

Annihilating time and space: The electrification of the United States Army, 1875--1920

Science.gov (United States)

Brown, Shannon Allen

2000-10-01

The United States Army embraced electrical technology in the 1870s as part of a wider initiative to meet the challenge of the coastal defense mission. As commercial power storage, generation, and transmission technology improved and the army came to recognize the value of the energy source as a means and method of improving command and control, localized electrical networks were integrated into the active service of the military. New vulnerabilities emerged as the army became ever more reliant upon electric power, however, and electrification---the institutional adoption and adaptation of electrical technologies---emerged as a very expensive and contentious process guided by technical, political, and economic pressures, and influenced by conflicting personalities within the service. This study considers the institutional evolution of the U.S. Army before and during World War I with respect to the adoption and application of electrical technology. The changing relationships between the military and electrical manufacturing and utilities industries during the period 1875--1920 are also explored. Using a combination of military archival sources and published primary materials, this study traces the effects of electrification on the army. In the end, this study proves that electrification was, at first, a symptom of, and later, a partial solution to the army's struggle to modernize and centralize during the period under consideration. Electrification produced a set of conditions that encouraged a new maturity within the ranks of the army, in technical, doctrinal, and administrative terms. This growth eventually led to the development of new capabilities, new forms of military organization, new missions, and new approaches to warfare.

Electrification Opportunities in the Transportation Sector and Impact of Residential Charging

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Muratori, Matteo [National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

2018-04-04

This presentation provides an overview of electrification opportunities in the transportation sector and present results of a study assessing the impact of residential charging on residential power demand and electric power distribution infrastructure.

Rural electrification in Chihuahua, Mexico at one third of the cost vs a conventional substation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ramirez, Omar; Gomez, Rolando; Solano, Arturo; Acosta, Eduardo

2010-09-15

This paper and presentation describes technical details about a successful experience in a unique project in Mexico for making possible the rural electrification at one third of the total cost vs a traditional substation. This alternate solution for electrification of rural communities where construction of distribution lines or traditional substations are not economically possible due to local government's budget limits or because the electrical companies are looking for the ROI Return Over Investment in poverty communities.

Rural electrification or village energization

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Smith, D V

1980-03-01

Decentralized power generation using renewable energy resources is more appropriate to the energy needs of the rural Third World. These countries often look to the rural electrification programs of the US and Soviet Union as the answer to their problem even though studies consistently show this to be inefficient and frequently ineffective, often reinforcing existing social and economic inequities. When the uses of energy in rural villages are examined in detail, the only approach which will supply energy to the rural poor must be based on a local and regional match of need to indigenous energy sources and to the development of local talent and enthusiasm. 29 references. (DCK)

People's participation in rural electrification - a successful case

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kamalapur, G.D. [National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal (India); Udaykumar, R.Y. [National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Department of Electrical Engineering, Surathkal (India)

2012-06-15

Rural electrification is an integral component of poverty alleviation and rural growth of a nation. A developing nation, like India has 72.2 percent people living in rural areas. Still, electricity has not played an effective role in the socio-economic growth of villages. The Government of India has an ambitious target of providing electricity to all villages by 2008 and all rural households by 2012. Steps are already initiated with Rural Electric Corporation, Rural Electricity Supply Technology Mission, State Electricity Boards led reforms, Reforms in Power Sector, Electricity Act 2003, Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojana etc. An attempt has been made in this paper to assess the present status of rural electrification in India and the major factors contributing to rural electrical distribution. Steps initiated by the Government of India through Rural Electric Corporation (REC) and a successful case study of the people's participation model is presented. (orig.)

Rural electrification in an imperfect world: A case study from Mozambique

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mulder, Peter; Tembe, Jonas

2008-01-01

Electricity is universally recognized as a necessary, although not sufficient, requirement for social and economic development. However, increasing access to electricity in developing countries has proven to be difficult and expensive, particularly in rural areas. In this article, we analyze the dynamics of the relationship between electricity and socio-economic development by means of a cost-benefit analysis of a typical rural electrification project in Mozambique, assessing the impact of electricity on households, education, agro-business, commerce, and the public sector. We show that rural electrification can be commercially viable and cause structural transformation in rural areas within a short period of time. Finally, illustrated by the actual policy practice in Mozambique, we argue that low institutional quality is a key barrier to promote increased access to electricity for the poor

Comparative Study on Rural Electrification Policies in Emerging Economies

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2010-07-01

Brazil, China, India and South Africa have each worked to improve access to electricity services. While many of the challenges faced by these countries are similar, the means of addressing them varied in their application and effectiveness. This report analyses the four country profiles, determining the pre-requisites to successful rural electrification policies.

Relation between Streaming Potential and Streaming Electrification Generated by Streaming of Water through a Sandwich-type Cell

OpenAIRE

Maruyama, Kazunori; Nikaido, Mitsuru; Hara, Yoshinori; Tanizaki, Yoshie

2012-01-01

Both streaming potential and accumulated charge of water flowed out were measured simultaneously using a sandwich-type cell. The voltages generated in divided sections along flow direction satisfied additivity. The sign of streaming potential agreed with that of streaming electrification. The relation between streaming potential and streaming electrification was explained from a viewpoint of electrical double layer in glass-water interface.

The Chinese electricity access model for rural electrification: Approach, experience and lessons for others

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bhattacharyya, Subhes C.; Ohiare, Sanusi

2012-01-01

The economic and infrastructural disparities between the rural and urban communities of most developing countries in general and in terms of energy access in particular are quite glaring. China presents a good example of a developing country that has successfully embarked on rural electrification projects over the last few decades and achieved a great feat of almost 100% electrification rate (. World Energy Outlook, 2009, International Energy Agency, Paris (see IEA website at (http://www.worldenergyoutlook.org/electricity.asp).)). The purpose of this paper is to find out how China has achieved this feat; how China’s rural energy projects were financed and whether China provides lessons for other countries to follow. The above questions are examined through an extensive literature review and the paper finds that unlike many other countries following the top-down approach to rural electrification, China has preferred to use a phased development through a bottom-up approach where local resources, and village level development and empowerment played an important role. While the state provided the overall guidance and financial support, the integrated rural development approach has produced local-level solutions that are subsequently integrated to produce an alternative development pathway. Strong government commitment, active local participation, technological flexibility and diversity, strong emphasis on rural development through agricultural and industrial activities and an emphasis on capacity building and training have also played an important role in the success. However, despite achieving the universal access objective, China still faces a number of issues related to rural electricity use, especially in terms of regional use patterns, long-term sustainability of supply and commercial operation of the systems. The Chinese model could serve as an inspiration for other developing countries trying to ensure universal electricity access. - Highlights: ► It

Truckstop - and Truck - Electrification

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Skip Yeakel

2001-01-01

The conclusions of this paper are: 0.5-1.5 G/H and/or BUSG/Y-how much time and money will it take to quantify and WHY BOTHER TO DO SO? No shortage of things to do re truckstop-+ truck - electrification; Better that government and industry should put many eggs in lots of baskets vs. all in one or few; Best concepts will surface as most viable; Economic appeal better than regulation or brute force; Launch Ground Freight Partnership and give it a chance to work; Demonstration is an effective means to educate, and learn from, customers-learning is a two way street; Research, Development, Demonstration, and Deployment (RD 3) are all important but only deployment gets results; TSE can start small in numbers of spaces to accommodate economically inspired growth but upfront plans should be made for expansion if meaningful idle reduction is to follow via TE; 110VAC 15A service/ parking space is minimal-if infrastructure starts like this, upfront plans must be made to increase capacity; Increased electrification of truckstop and truck alike will result in much better life on the road; Improved sleep will improve driver alertness and safety; Reduced idling will significantly reduce fuel use and emissions; Universal appeal for DOD, DOE, DOT, EPA, OEMs, and users alike; Clean coal, gas, hydro, nuclear, or wind energy sources are all distinctly American means by which to generate electricity; Nothing can compete with diesel fuel to serve mobile truck needs; stationary trucks are like power plants-they don't move and should NOT be powered by petroleum products whenever possible; Use American fueled power plants-electricity-to serve truck idling needs wherever practical to do so; encourage economic aspect; Create and reward industry initiatives to reduce fuel use; Eliminate FET on new trucks, provide tax credits (non highway fuel use and investment), provide incentives based on results; Encourage newer/ cleaner truck use; solicit BAAs with mandatory OEM/ fleet participation/ lead

Delivery Models for Decentralised Rural Electrification Case studies in Nepal, Peru and Kenya

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yadoo, Annabel

2012-06-15

Access to affordable, reliable and clean energy is fundamental for poverty reduction and sustainable development; without it, the Millennium Development Goals cannot be achieved. Electrification, along with access to modern cooking fuels and mechanical power, is a catalyst for improvements in the fields of poverty reduction, food security, health, education and gender equality. Nevertheless, 1.3 billion people still lack access to electricity, over 95 per cent living in sub-Saharan Africa or developing Asia and 84 per cent of them living in rural areas. There are many different ways to electrify rural areas, not only with regard to the different technologies used, but also to the types of delivery models applied. Common rural electrification technologies include grid extension, community mini-grids, stand-alone household systems, multifunctional platforms, and central charging stations with battery banks. This report will focus on the delivery models used for community mini-grids, as there is evidence to show that mini-grids can be one of the cheaper forms of electrification (on a per unit basis, calculated over the system's lifetime) and also potentially offer a 24 hour AC service that can power a wide range of appliances.

Off-grid community electrification projects based on wind and solar energies: A case study in Nicaragua

OpenAIRE

Ranaboldo, Matteo; Domenech, Bruno; Reyes, Gustavo Alberto; Ferrer Martí, Laia; Pastor Moreno, Rafael; García Villoria, Alberto

2015-01-01

Despite various institutional efforts, about 22% of the total Nicaraguan population still do not have access to electricity. Due to the dispersed nature of many rural inhabitants, off-grid electrification systems that use renewable energy sources are a reliable and sustainable option to provide electricity to isolated communities. In this study, the design of an off-grid electrification project based on hybrid wind-photovoltaic systems in a rural community of Nicaragua is developed. Firstly t...

A survey informed PV-based cost-effective electrification options for rural sub-Saharan Africa

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Opiyo, Nicholas

2016-01-01

A comprehensive survey is carried out in Kendu Bay area of Kenya to determine electrification patterns of a typical rural sub-Saharan Africa community and to determine the reasons behind such energy choices. The data from the survey is used to build a transition probability matrix (TPM) for different electrification states for Kendu Bay households. The TPM and the survey data are used to model temporal diffusion of PV systems and PV-based communal (mini/micro) grids in the area. Survey data show that majority of Kendu Bay residents shun the national grid due to high connection fees, unreliability of the system, and corruption; people who can afford-to choose small solar home systems for their basic electricity needs. Without any government policy intervention or help, simulation results show that once 100% electrification status has been achieved in Kendu Bay, only 26% of the residents will be found to be electrified through the national grid alone; the majority (38%) will be electrified through PV-based communal grids while the remaining 36% will be electrified through grid connected PV home systems (26%) or grid connected communal grids (10%). - Highlights: • A survey on sources of electricity in Kendu Bay area of Kenya is carried out. • Survey results are used to determine choices and sources of household electricity. • Factors affecting electrification are highlighted. • Survey data are used to build a transition probability matrix (TPM). • The TPM and data from the survey are used to model temporal PV diffusion.

The use of photovoltaics for rural electrification in northwestern China

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wallace, W.L. [National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO (United States); Li Jingming; Gao Shangbin [Chinese Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing (China)

1998-09-01

The use of renewable energy technologies in China is becoming increasingly important to meet the needs of a large rural population. Solar and wind renewable resources in particular are available in regions of China that at present have no access to conventional grid power. Two regions in China that have an acute lack of electricity are a large region in northern and western China and the coastal island region of China. These regions have attracted the attention of the Chinese government in terms of increasing the quality of life and standard of living conditions of the rural population. These regions have also attracted the attention of domestic Chinese companies and of international companies, governments, and multilateral development organizations as a potential market for renewable energy rural electrification systems. This paper focuses on the bilateral cooperation between the US Department of Energy and China in providing assistance for the use of renewable technologies for rural electrification in northwestern China.

Rural electrification in Bangladesh: management, engineering, and financial assessment

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Deverick, B.; Gellerson, M.; Stovall, J.; Shelton, R.

1986-07-01

This report represents the partial findings of a five-member, multidisciplinary team requested by USAID to assess the progress of the Rural Electrification Program in Bangladesh. Four areas are assessed in this report: the effectiveness of the management system; the system planning and engineering capabilities; RE tariffs and energy sector pricing policies; and the effectiveness of technical assistance.

Rural electrification in the Cote d'Ivoire : the will to share

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brancart, R.Y.

1998-01-01

The electrification of rural communities in the Cote d'Ivoire has progressed more rapidly than any other sub-Saharan nation, principally because of the will of government authorities to eliminate any regional disparities within the country. Out of a total of 8,538 villages, 475 villages had electricity by the end of 1980. This number climbed to 1,068 by 1995 and 1,691 in 1997. Currently, 66 per cent of all citizens of the country have electricity. Much of this effort, at least until 1990, was supported by a strong state-owned electric utility. A limited number of off-grid power generation projects were also undertaken. These projects involved photovoltaic stations, diesel or gasoline powered generating stations and biomass fueled stations. Privatization of the national electric utility in 1990 resulted in significant decrease in the progress of rural electrification. fig

Patronage power: Rural electrification, river development, and Lyndon Johnson (1937--1939)

Science.gov (United States)

Dusek, Paul-Michael Mays

Few historians document Lyndon Johnson's efforts to construct a state-wide political machine at the local level early in his congressional career. The literature glorifies Johnson for hydroelectric river development and rural electrification. This thesis acknowledges the transformative nature of rural electrification in Central Texas through the efforts of Johnson but, more importantly, reveals how extensively Johnson sought to capitalize on the tail-end of the New Deal to utilize government-funded relief projects to establish a state-wide political machine. An analysis of the correspondence between Johnson, his local political operators, members of his state-wide network, and rural constituents reveals another layer to the complexity of Johnson and further exposes his ambitious, calculating nature. Johnson used rural electrification to first create a community of supporters in his congressional district then used rural electrification and multipurpose river development programs to cultivate political contacts across the state of Texas. This thesis explores the first time that Lyndon Johnson used patronage to develop a political community as a publicly elected official. Johnson pushed for constant expansion of operations to ensure a steady supply of new jobs while displaying a cavalier attitude about specific regulations regarding the allocation of funds. His machine manipulated and massaged congressional appropriations restrictions and utilized multiple congressional revenue streams to stretch finances further and lower overhead costs to increase the scope of operations thus further improving the lives of his constituents. Johnson also used this movement to efficiently and effectively construct a foundation for his political machine. This thesis also clarifies an early moment in Johnson's beliefs about civil rights. Instead of standing on principle, Johnson relied on extortion and threats to fight racism at this early juncture in his political career because of

Least-cost network evaluation of centralized and decentralized contributions to global electrification

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Levin, Todd; Thomas, Valerie M.

2012-01-01

The choice between centralized and decentralized electricity generation is examined for 150 countries as a function of population distribution, electricity consumption, transmission cost, and the cost difference between decentralized and centralized electricity generation. A network algorithm is developed to find the shortest centralized transmission network that spans a given fraction of the population in a country. The least-cost combination of centralized and decentralized electricity that serves the country is determined. Case studies of Botswana, Uganda, and Bangladesh illustrate situations that are more and less suited for decentralized electrification. Specific maps for centralized and decentralized generation are presented to show how the least-cost option varies with the relative costs of centralized and decentralized generation and transmission cost. Centralized and decentralized fractions are calculated for 150 countries. For most of the world's population, centralized electricity is the least-cost option. For a number of countries, particularly in Africa, substantial populations and regions may be most cost-effectively served by decentralized electricity. - Highlights: ► Centralized and decentralized electrification are compared for 150 countries. ► A cost-optimized network algorithm finds the least-cost electrification system. ► Least-cost infrastructures combine centralized and decentralized portions. ► For most people, centralized electricity is cheapest option. ► In much of Africa, decentralized electricity may be cheaper than centralized.

KinMTool: Una Herramienta Multimedia para la enseñanza de máquinas herramienta

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Roberto Pérez Rodríguez

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Se aborda el desarrollo de un software multimedia educativo de apoyo al proceso de enseñanza - aprendizaje de la asignatura Máquinas Herramienta, lo cual es de importancia para la formación de los egresados de la carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica. KinMTool integra los contenidos del tema cinemática de las máquinas herramienta y los presenta de una forma amena valiéndose de diversos recursos multimedia, lo que favorece a los estudiantes la aprensión de los conocimientos transmitidos. La multimedia permitió la mejora en la calidad de los contenidos impartidos, así como la autogestión del aprendizaje al ritmo de cada estudiante.

Mecanismos y herramientas para redes de brainstorming

OpenAIRE

Brene Artázcoz, Óscar

2010-01-01

Este proyecto propone desarrollar herramientas basadas en tecnología Web2.0 para mejorar el proceso creativo, especialmente en su fase de generación de ideas. Se pretende diseñar un conjunto de herramientas que faciliten y automaticen en cierto modo el proceso de generación de ideas y el subsiguiente proceso de agrupación de participantes de la mejor manera posible en relación a las relaciones que se hayan dado entre ellos durante el proces...

El punto de equilibrio: herramienta de control

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pedro A. López Guzman

1986-04-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN Aunque el control sea solamente uno de los elementos del Proceso Administrativo, es sin lugar a dudas, el que contribuye mas a mejorar las actuaciones de la Empresa de aqui la importancia de conocer las herramientas para aplicarlo. En el Siguiente artículo se estudia el punto de equilibrio como herramienta de  control y comprende su definición, sus componentes y otros aspectos importantes que conllevan a controlar eficazmente los diversos aspectos de la empresa

A multi-scalar investigation of development and health in Ethiopia: household electrification in a agriculturally dependent and climate sensitive country

Science.gov (United States)

Grace, K.; Brown, M. E.; Bakhtsiyarava, M.

2017-12-01

In poor countries, household electricity status is often used as a measure of household resources. Often, the primary use of the variable is to sort the poorest households - those without electricity - from the better-off households - those with electricity. Expanding electrification is also part of a suite of goals developed by health and development and reflected in the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) and now the UN's Sustainable Development Goals. Therefore, this measure is also used in a macro-level description of a country to describe a country's process of urbanization or development. As countries, electrify and expand access to electrification to the poorest households and communities, understanding the role and impact of electrification on the health and development of these communities is necessary. In other words, moving beyond the binomial categorization of a household as electrified or not electrified and instead investigating the ways that electrification impacts communities, households and individuals is a necessary component of understanding contemporary patterns of health and development in the world's poorest countries. The goal of this research is to examine the linkages between health and development using multi-scalar, remotely-sensed measures of electrification in Ethiopia, one of the poorest countries in the world. For this study we use spatially referenced Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data for Ethiopia from 2000 and 2005. In addition to measures of electrification gathered from the DHS, we also use time-varying satellite based measure of electrification collected by the US Department of Defense. Also, because many rural Ethiopians are dependent on small-scale, rainfed agriculture and therefore highly vulnerable to climate shocks and food insecurity, any investigation of health and development must also consider the local food production context. To support the analysis and provide information on broader measures of food insecurity

Comparative analysis between grid extension and decentralized solutions for rural electrification. Case study: Sofala Province in Mozambique

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Graf, Jakob; Le Fol, Yoann; Donnay, Adrian; Chatzipoulidis, Ioannis; Mozumder, M. Zahangir; Zampouki, Maria; Carlson, Anna; Boje Blarke, Morten [Aalborg Univ. (Denmark). Dept. of Development and Planning

2011-07-01

A special early excerpt of the IEA's World Energy Outlook 2010 focusing on energy poverty indicates that 1.4 billion people don't have access to electricity, 85% of which live in rural areas. The social, economic and local environmental benefits from having access to electricity are well-known, including less indoor pollution, less spending on fuel, less stress on the local eco-system, expansion of the productive and social hours of the day, cooling for food and medicine, and enabling education in the evening hours. This study examines options for rural electrification in Mozambique, where 89% of the population doesn't have access to electricity. Conventional and alternative options are compared with respect to energy, environmental, and economic consequences. The research methodology follows a knowledge-based approach, which allows for a comprehensive and holistic evaluation of how different rural electrification options affect the society in general, and the economy in particular. The paper presents an innovative techno-economic model for Mozambique that evaluates how different stakeholders and economic sectors are influenced by conventional and alternative options for rural electrification. The study offers new qualitative and quantitative empirical data, which support a significantly better understanding of how different rural electrification strategies are impacting society. (orig.)

Final Report - Navajo Electrification Demonstration Project - FY2004

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kenneth L. Craig, Interim General Manager

2007-03-31

The Navajo Electrification Demonstration Project (NEDP) is a multi-year projects which addresses the needs of unserved Navajo Nation residents without basic electricity services. The Navajo Nation is the United States' largest tribe, in terms of population and land. An estimated 18,000 Navajo Nation homes do not have basic grid-tied electricity--and this third year of funding, known as NEDP-3, provided 351 power line extensions to Navajo families.

The power of light: socio-economic and environmental implications of a rural electrification program in Brazil

Science.gov (United States)

Borges da Silveira Bezerra, Paula; Ludovique Callegari, Camila; Ribas, Aline; Lucena, André F. P.; Portugal-Pereira, Joana; Koberle, Alexandre; Szklo, Alexandre; Schaeffer, Roberto

2017-09-01

Universal access to electricity is deemed critical for improving living standards and indispensable for eradicating poverty and achieving sustainable development. In 2003, the ‘Luz para Todos’ (LpT—Light for All) program was launched aiming to universalize access to electricity in Brazil. The program focused on rural and isolated areas, also targeting to bring development to those regions along with electrification. This paper evaluates the results of the LpT program in improving socio-economic development in the poorest regions of Brazil. After an initial qualitative analysis, an empirical quantitative assessment of the influence of increased electrification rates on the components of the Human Development Index (HDI) is performed. The empirical results of this study showed that electrification had a positive influence on all dimensions of the HDI, with the education component having the strongest effect. Although complementary policies were needed to achieve this, results show that electricity access is a major requirement to improve quality of life.

User-owned utility models for rural electrification

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Waddle, D.

1997-12-01

The author discusses the history of rural electric cooperatives (REC) in the United States, and the broader question of whether such organizations can serve as a model for rural electrification in other countries. The author points out the features of such cooperatives which have given them stability and strength, and emphasizes that for success of such programs, many of these same features must be present. He definitely feels the cooperative models are not outdated, but they need strong local support, and a governmental structure which is supportive, and in particular not negative.

Power System Unbalance due to Railway Electrification

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Stamatopoulos, Athanasios; Vikelgaard, Henrik; Silva, Filipe Miguel Faria da

2016-01-01

The decision to electrify the main part of the Danish railway at the same time where the supply and generation of electrical power in Denmark moves to a more decentralized structure, raises concerns regarding the balanced and secure operation of the power grid. Adverse effects include, among others......, the lifetime reduction of rotating machines and the malfunction of HVDC converters. Toward this direction, this paper aims to review the challenges and mitigation solutions with respect to voltage unbalance, focusing on the conditions relevant to the electrification of the Danish railway....

Development of thermoelectric generators for electrification of isolated rural homes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rinalde, G.F.; Taglialavore, E.; Gortari, S. [CNEA (National Atomic Energy Commission), Centro Atomico Bariloche, 8400 Bariloche (Argentina); Juanico, L.E. [Conicet (National Scientific and Technologic Research Council), Centro Atomico Bariloche, 8400 Bariloche (Argentina); Molina, M.G. [CONICET and Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Libertador San Martin Oeste, 1109, 5400, San Juan (Argentina)

2010-06-15

This work presents the experimental development of the first two prototypes of thermoelectric generators intended for initial electrification of rural isolated homes. The microcontroller system designed for these devices is oriented to develop a ''plug and play'' generator that is able to work on firewood home stoves without specialized supervision. (author)

Wind driven erosion and the effects of particulate electrification

Science.gov (United States)

Merrison, J. P.; Bak, E.; Finster, K.; Gunnlaugsson, H. P.; Holstein-Rathlou, C.; Knak Jensen, S.; Nørnberg, P.; Rasmussen, K. R.

2012-09-01

Several related aspects of Aeolian activity are presently being studied in the laboratory, the most recent advances in this field will be presented. These include simulating wind driven erosion in the laboratory, quantifying erosion rates and the study of mineral change due to mechanical activation. Also advances in our understanding of the electrification of sand/dust particles is being made and how this phenomenon affects their behavior.

Spatial heterogeneity in utilities, equity and collective efficiency: the case of rural electrification and demand side management

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nadaud, F.

2005-11-01

This thesis has for object the evolution of the economic optimum in the electric industry under spatial equity constraint that present a strong spatial heterogeneity of its supply conditions. One analyses the evolution of the rural electrification regime in France both in terms of economic and social efficiency. We examine the rationality of extending the sectoral optimization under equity constraint to the rationalization of electricity end-uses in the heterogeneous space of rural electricity supply. To this question are given two responses. The firsts pertains to modify the incentives in the institutional regime of rural electrification so the MDE may be integrated in the strategies of rural electrification syndicates. One inspire from incentives mechanisms of the anglo-saxon DSM practice. The second is statistical zoning method of demand and distribution grid whose object is to localize action basins for large scale MDE projects. (author)

Lighting up the World The first global application of the open source, spatial electrification toolkit (ONSSET)

Science.gov (United States)

Mentis, Dimitrios; Howells, Mark; Rogner, Holger; Korkovelos, Alexandros; Siyal, Shahid; Broad, Oliver; Zepeda, Eduardo; Bazilian, Morgan

2016-04-01

In September 2015, the international community has adopted a new set of targets, following and expanding on the millennium development goals (MDGs), the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Ensuring access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all is one of the 17 set goals that each country should work towards realizing. According to the latest Global Tracking Framework, 15% of the global population live without access to electricity. The majority of those (87%) reside in rural areas. Countries can reach universal access through various electrification options, depending on different levels of energy intensity and local characteristics of the studied areas, such as renewable resources availability, spatially differentiated costs of diesel-fuelled electricity generation, distance from power network and major cities, population density and others, data which are usually inadequate in national databases. This general paucity of reliable energy-related information in developing countries calls for the utilization of geospatial data. This paper presents a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) based electrification analysis for all countries that have not yet reached full access to electricity (Sub-Saharan Africa, Developing Asia, Latin America and Middle East). The cost optimal mix of electrification options ranges from grid extensions to mini-grid and stand-alone applications and is identified for all relevant countries. It is illustrated how this mix is influenced by scrolling through various electrification levels and different oil prices. Such an analysis helps direct donors and investors and inform multinational actions with regards to investments related to energy access.

Initiative for 100% rural electrification in developing countries: Case study of Senegal

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Diouf, Boucar; Pode, Ramchandra; Osei, Rita

2013-01-01

Sub-Saharan Africa has the lowest access to electricity in the World. In Senegal, less than 25% of the rural population benefit of electricity service. Solar energy offers an important potential to Senegal with over 3000 h of sunlight a year. This is a real opportunity to generalize the access to electricity. But, the efforts to bridge the gap must be diversified and completed. We approach the problem of rural electrification with a different point of view. Grid expansion and centralized solutions may be adequate for villages with a population organized in high-density of habitations. Small size villages or those with highly dispersed population may need different propositions because of cost. These regions will not be the priority of electrification programs. Furthermore, this rural population is characterized by its low income and saving. Such a conjuncture suggests the opportunity of a service based fees model for access to electricity. On the basis of a fees-for-service model, individual standalone photovoltaic systems may be a more appropriate solution to cover the priority needs of lighting and mobile phones battery charge for telecommunication. We present a pilot project in a village of Senegal to support the model and demonstrate its feasibility. - Highlights: • Rural electrification in developing countries. • Problems of access to electricity in rural areas. • Fees-for-service solution for small villages/highly dispersed population villages. • Situation of Senegal. • Presentation of a pilot project in a small village of Senegal

A concept of wind-diesel hybrid systems for the electrification of small rural communities in Brazil

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pinho, J.T.; Bezerra, U.H. [Ag. Nucleo Universitario, Para (Brazil)

1997-12-31

This work presents the concept of a wind-diesel hybrid system for the electrification of a small rural community in the Northern Region of Brazil, which can be used in many other places with similar characteristics. The system consists of two small diesel units and two wind turbines, one of which was designed and developed as a prototype with the purpose of gaining some insight in the field of wind turbine technology. Some considerations about small communities of the Northern Region of Brazil, and about electrification concepts are also made.

Role of Water Vapor Content in the Effects of Aerosol on the Electrification of Thunderstorms: A Numerical Study

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pengguo Zhao

2016-10-01

Full Text Available We explored the role of the water vapor content below the freezing level in the response of idealized supercell storm electrical processes to increased concentrations of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN. Using the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with parameterizations electrification and discharging, we performed 30 simulations by varying both the CCN concentration and water vapor content below the freezing level. The sensitivity simulations showed a distinct response to increased concentrations of CCN, depending on the water vapor content below the freezing level. Enhancing CCN concentrations increased electrification processes of thunderstorms and produced a new negative charge region above the main positive charge center when there were ample amounts of water vapor below the freezing level. Conversely, there were weak effects on electrification and the charge structure in numerical experiments initialized with lower water vapor content below the freezing level.

Photovoltaic battery charging stations for sustainable off-grid rural electrification in the Philippines

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pascual, C.M.; Acebedo, I.P.; Gudoy, F.

2005-01-01

The Mariano Marcos State University-Affiliated Non Conventional Energy Center (MMSU-ANEC) in partnership with the Energy Management Bureau-Renewable Energy Management Division, Department of Energy implemented the Barangay Electrification Program (BEP) of the government in the off-grid rural areas at the northern Philippines from 1995-2004 with a common vision of promoting the use of new and renewable energy systems for rural electrification in order to spur development in the far-flung, off-grid rural areas. Such activity of the MMSU-ANEC on BEP used modified and improved Photovoltaic battery charging stations (PVBCS) to energize households and augment their livelihood in collaboration with the local government units and the beneficiaries. Socioeconomic and environmental impacts using long-range energy alternative planning or LEAP software showed that PVBCS are indispensable, feasible, economical, environmental-friendly and sustainable renewable energy resources systems in off-grid areas. Improvement of a locally-made battery charging unit (patent applied at IPO, Manila) which is cheaper and comparable than the imported unit, enabling project implementation strategies in community organizing and lessons learned during the implementation of BEP are also presented. Such improvement of the PVBCS is considered an innovative advancement in renewable energy that can be commercialized towards a sustainable agro-industrial development in far-flung, off-grid rural areas, among other applications for rural electrification and power generation using clean and environment-friendly sustainable technologies. (author)

Sino/American cooperation for rural electrification in China

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wallace, W.L.; Tsuo, Y.S.

1997-01-01

Rapid growth in economic development, coupled with the absence of an electric grid in large areas of the rural countryside, have created a need for new energy sources both in urban centers and rural areas in China. There is a very large need for new sources of energy for rural electrification in China as represented by 120 million people in remote regions who do not have access to an electric grid and by over 300 coastal islands in China that are unelectrified. In heavily populated regions in China where there is an electric grid, there are still severe shortages of electric power and limited access to the grid by village populations. In order to meet energy demands in rural China, renewable energy in the form of solar, wind, and biomass resources are being utilized as a cost effective alternative to grid extension and use of diesel and gasoline generators. An Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Protocol Agreement was signed by the U.S. Department of Energy with the Chinese State Science and Technology Commission in Beijing in February, 1995. Under this agreement, projects using photovoltaics for rural electrification are being conducted in Gansu Province in western China and Inner Mongolia in northern China, providing the basis for much wider deployment and use of photovoltaics for meeting the growing rural energy demands of China. copyright 1997 American Institute of Physics

HELER: UNA HERRAMIENTA PARA LA INGENIERÍA DE REQUISITOS AUTOMATIZADA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mauro Callejas Cuervo

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Se presenta el resultado de la investigación realizada con el fin de implementar la herramienta HELER (Herramienta Libre para la Especificación de Requisitos, que ofrece soporte a las actividades de Ingeniería de Requisitos contempladas en la fase de entendimiento del problema, enmarcada dentro del Proceso Unificado. Se explica de manera breve la herramienta, en cuanto a sus módulos de proyecto, de stakeholder, de actores y casos de uso y, luego, de requisitos; posteriormente se proponen los trabajos futuros de investigación y finalmente se presentan algunas conclusiones importantes.

The utility service concept for the sustainable electrification of the outer Islands of Kiribati

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Akura, T.; Merten, J.; Vallve, X.; Adamandiades, A.

2004-01-01

The experience of Kiribati in PV-based rural electrification is unusual and important, as Kiribati originally failed in its attempt to use PV for rural electrification through purchase of systems by rural households. Kiribati then changed the institutional structure of the solar implementation agency to a service-based institution and turned failure into success. The energy service concept developed by the Solar Energy Company has assured reliable operation of solar home systems during the past ten years. A currently ongoing project, funded by the European Union, is dealing with the extension of this concept to increase the solar home systems from the existing 300 to 2100, bringing the coverage of the electrified rural households to 20%

Integration of net zero energy building with smart grid to improve regional electrification ratio towards sustainable development

Science.gov (United States)

Latief, Yusuf; Berawi, Mohammed Ali; Supriadi, Leni; Bintang Koesalamwardi, Ario; Petroceany, Jade; Herzanita, Ayu

2017-12-01

Indonesia is currently encouraging its physical, social and economy development. Physical development for economic development have to be supported by energy availability. For Indonesia, 90% of electrification ratio is still become an important task that has to be completed by the Government. However, the effort to increase electrification can become an environmental problem if it’s done with BAU scenario. The by-product of electric generation is the GHG, which increasing every year since 2006 from various sectors i.e. industry, housing, commercial, transportation, and energy. Net Zero Energy Building (NZEB) is an energy efficient building which can produce energy independently from clean and renewable sources. The energy that is generated by NZEB can be used for the building itself, and can be exported to the central grid. The integration of NZEB and Smart Grid can solve today’s issue on electrification ratio. Literature study will find benchmarks which can be applied in Indonesia along with possible obstacles in applying this technology.

Valoración de la herramienta Dolceta: una herramienta de aprendizaje electrónico para primaria y secundaria

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María Victòria Sánchez Rebull

2015-07-01

Full Text Available El objeto del presente trabajo es describir la valoración efectuada sobre Dolceta, una herramienta en línea para la alfabetización financiera de alumnos de primaria, secundaria y bachillerato. Tras realizar un grupo de discusión, se han llevado a cabo once entrevistas a profesores de secundaria conocedores de esta herramienta. Los resultados del análisis de estas entrevistas y del grupo de discusión ponen de manifiesto el interés mostrado por este recurso virtual, que es visto, a su vez, como un medio y como una oportunidad, tanto para emplear herramientas audiovisuales en línea en el aula que permiten el learning by doing, como para aportar una cultura financiera a los estudiantes que en la situación actual de crisis financiera se percibe como un activo más que necesario. Asimismo, se demuestra también su utilidad para los adultos. El presente trabajo aporta opiniones profesionales sobre la aplicabilidad práctica de una herramienta de formación en línea. Al tratarse de una plataforma de aprendizaje electrónico de libre acceso, se evitan restricciones de tipo económico o espacial, y todos los ciudadanos pueden acceder a ella libremente. Como conclusión, se constata la posibilidad real de utilizar el módulo de «Alfabetización financiera» de la plataforma Dolceta, especialmente, en un entorno educativo de primaria y secundaria, tanto en España como en el resto de estados de la Unión Europea.

Design and Implementation of Improved Electronic Load Controller for Self-Excited Induction Generator for Rural Electrification

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C. Kathirvel

2015-01-01

Full Text Available This paper offers an alternative technique, namely, Improved Electronic Load Controller (IELC, which is proposal to improve power quality, maintaining voltage at frequency desired level for rural electrification. The design and development of IELC are considered as microhydroenergy system. The proposed work aims to concentrate on the new schemes for rural electrification with the help of different kinds of hybrid energy systems. The objective of the proposed scheme is to maintain the speed of generation against fluctuating rural demand. The Electronic Load Controller (ELC is used to connect and disconnect the dump load during the operation of the system, and which absorbs the load when consumer are not in active will enhance the lifestyle of the rural population and improve the living standards. Hydroelectricity is a promising option for electrification of remote villages in India. The conventional methods are not suitable to act as standalone system. Hence, the designing of a proper ELC is essential. The improved electronic load control performance tested with simulation at validated through hardware setup.

Design and Implementation of Improved Electronic Load Controller for Self-Excited Induction Generator for Rural Electrification.

Science.gov (United States)

Kathirvel, C; Porkumaran, K; Jaganathan, S

2015-01-01

This paper offers an alternative technique, namely, Improved Electronic Load Controller (IELC), which is proposal to improve power quality, maintaining voltage at frequency desired level for rural electrification. The design and development of IELC are considered as microhydroenergy system. The proposed work aims to concentrate on the new schemes for rural electrification with the help of different kinds of hybrid energy systems. The objective of the proposed scheme is to maintain the speed of generation against fluctuating rural demand. The Electronic Load Controller (ELC) is used to connect and disconnect the dump load during the operation of the system, and which absorbs the load when consumer are not in active will enhance the lifestyle of the rural population and improve the living standards. Hydroelectricity is a promising option for electrification of remote villages in India. The conventional methods are not suitable to act as standalone system. Hence, the designing of a proper ELC is essential. The improved electronic load control performance tested with simulation at validated through hardware setup.

Rural electrification in multiethnic Arizona: A study of power, urbanization and change

Science.gov (United States)

Glaser, Leah Suzanne

2002-01-01

From as early as the 1880s until as late as the 1970s, electrical power served as a critical tool for bringing America's diverse western communities into an urban industrial era. This study examines the process of electrification in three demographically diverse rural regions of Eastern Arizona. These three regions include the valleys of the Southeast, the White Mountains, and the Navajo Reservation to the north. While federal programs aided rural residents, local and regional factors determined the timing and nature of electrification and its impact. Access to electricity depended upon economics and technological advances, as well as a combination of local community and regional characteristics such as location, landscape, demographics, politics, and culture. At the turn of the century, electricity, with its elaborate and extensive infrastructure of wires, towers, and poles, emerged across America's cultural landscapes as the industrial era's most prominent symbol of progress, power, and a modern, urban lifestyle. Technological innovations and mechanization flourished, but primarily in the urban areas of the Northeast. People living outside concentrated settlements, of all ethnic backgrounds, had few hopes for delivery due to the cost of building power lines to a limited market. Arizona's rural population has historically been ethnically diverse, and its landscape varies from desert valleys to mountains of alpine forest. The federal government owns much of the land. Aided by federal guidance and funding sources like the New Deal's Rural Electrification Administration (REA), the existing rural communities took the initiative and constructed electrical systems specific to their local and regional needs. While products of the communities that built them, these systems symbolized and defined newly urbanized regions within the context of old rural landscapes, lifestyles, and traditions. In some ways the rural electrification process urbanized rural Arizona. The

Social and technical history of the electrification of the lower Saint Lawrence, 1888-1963. Histoire sociale et technique de l'electrification au Bas-Saint-Laurent, 1888-1963; Volume 1

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tremblay, Y

1993-06-01

The lower St. Lawrence region of Quebec is a rural area with little industry and does not possess important hydraulic resources. Electrification of this region progressed slowly and in an uneven manner. From 1888 to 1922, many local distributors, private or municipal, gave a mediocre quality of service to a small number of customers. A regional firm, the Compagnie de Pouvoir du Bas St-Laurent, followed in 1922 but its resources remained limited, and in a few years it passed under the control of American capitalists. The most rural sectors of the region were badly provided with electricity even in 1945, and the state, in the form of the Office de l'Electrification Rurale, had to intervene to remedy this situation. The Office took charge of organizing and financing electric power distribution cooperatives which ensured service in the most remote zones of Quebec. At the beginning of the 1960s, the inequalities in electric power rates in the region supplied a weighty argument to those in favor of nationalization of power companies. The Compagnie de Pouvoir was acquired by Hydro-Quebec in 1963 and the region was finally correctly integrated with the provincial grid. The cooperatives were also acquired by the Crown corporation a short time thereafter. Electrification was not only building power plants and distribution networks, but also involved development of consumption of electricity on farms and in homes. This made city comforts universal and modified rural life styles, for example by the introduction of electric appliances. 430 refs., 35 figs., 70 tabs.

Herramientas de descubrimiento: ¿una ventanilla única?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ávila-García, Lorena

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Web scale discovery tools represent a new information retrieval system that allows for an integrated search through a library’s different resources. This paper studies the nature of these tools, created to respond to the fragmentation of query interfaces. Different lines of development and markets for this new product are presented, and a set of criteria for evaluating and selecting these tools is proposed. The rate at which discovery tools are implemented in Spanish university libraries has been investigated as well.Las herramientas de descubrimiento (Web scale discovery tools representan un nuevo sistema de recuperación de información que permite una búsqueda integrada en los diferentes recursos de una biblioteca. El presente trabajo estudia la naturaleza de estas herramientas, creadas para dar respuesta a la fragmentación de las interfaces de consulta. Se exponen las líneas de desarrollo y el mercado de esta nueva categoría de productos, y se propone una serie de criterios para la evaluación y selección de estas herramientas. Asimismo, se investiga su grado de implantación en las bibliotecas universitarias españolas.

Herramientas CASE para ingeniería de Requisitos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andrea Alarcon

2008-10-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se presentan apartes del resultado de la investigación sobre algunas herramientas CASE que apoyan las tareas de la Ingeniería de Requisitos (IR. Dicha fase esta contemplada en el proceso de Ingenieríade Software para el desarrollo de proyectos informáticos. Además se pretende analizar, sistematizar e integrarlos resultados del estudio con el fin de determinarlas principales características, ventajas y desventajas de una herramienta CASE para la IR.

Assessment and evaluation of PV based decentralized rural electrification: An overview

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chaurey, Akanksha; Kandpal, Tara Chandra

2010-01-01

The challenges of providing electricity to rural households are manifold. Ever increasing demand-supply gap, crumbling electricity transmission and distribution infrastructure, high cost of delivered electricity are a few of these. Use of renewable energy technologies for meeting basic energy needs of rural communities has been promoted by the Governments world over for many decades. Photovoltaic (PV) technology is one of the first among several renewable energy technologies that was adopted globally as well as in India for meeting basic electricity needs of rural areas that are not connected to the grid. This paper attempts at reviewing and analyzing PV literature pertaining to decentralized rural electrification into two main categories - (1) experiences from rural electrification and technology demonstration programmes covering barriers and challenges in marketing and dissemination; institutional and financing approaches; and productive and economic applications, (2) techno-economic aspects including system design methodologies and approaches; performance evaluation and monitoring; techno-economic comparison of various systems; and environmental implications and life cycle analysis. The paper discusses the emerging trends in its concluding remarks. (author)

Cuadernia , una herramienta multimedia para elaborar materiales didácticos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gerardo Herrera Gutierrez

2009-07-01

Full Text Available Cuadernia es la herramienta con licencia Creative Commons que la Consejería de Educación y Ciencia de Castilla-La Mancha pone a disposición de toda la comunidad educativa para la creación y difusión de materiales educativos digitales con una interfaz y presentación final muy intuitiva y fácil de utilizar. Esta herramienta permite crear cuadernos digitales para utilizar en red o en tu propio ordenador. Los autores son miembros de un proyecto de investigación Authia que colabora con los creadores de Cuadernia http://www.entornosinnovadores.com para adaptar la herramienta y utilizarla en Educación Especial .

Analysis tools for simulation of hybrid systems; Herramientas de analisis para simulacion de sistemas hibridos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Guillen S, Omar; Mejia N, Fortino [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)

2005-07-01

In order to facilitate and to simplify the development and analysis of a Hybrid System in reference to its design, construction, operation and maintenance, it turns out optimal to carry out the simulation of this one by means of software, with which a significant reduction in the investment costs is obtained. Given the mix of technology of electrical generation which is involved in a hybrid system, it is very important to have a tool integrated with specialized packages of calculation (software), that allow to carry out the simulation tasks of the operational functioning of these systems. Combined with the former, one must not fail to consider the operation characteristics, the facilities of the user, the clarity in the obtained results and the possibility of its validation with respect to prototypes orchestrated in field. Equally, it is necessary to consider the identification of tasks involved in relation to the place of installation of this electrification technology. At the moment, the hybrid systems technology still is in a stage of development in the international level, and exist important limitations as far as the methodology availability and engineering tools for the optimum design of these systems. With the development of this paper, it is intended to contribute to the advance of the technology and to count on own tools to solve the described series of problems. In this article are described the activities that more impact have in the design and development of hybrid systems, as well as the identification of variables, basic characteristics and form of validation of tools in the integration of a methodology for the simulation of these systems, facilitating their design and development. [Spanish] Para facilitar y simplificar el desarrollo y analisis de un Sistema Hibrido en lo que refiere a su diseno, construccion, operacion y mantenimiento, resulta optimo efectuar la simulacion de este por medio de un software, con lo que se obtiene una reduccien

Rail transportation by hydrogen vs. electrification - Case study for Ontario, Canada, II: Energy supply and distribution

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Marin, G.D.; Naterer, G.F.; Gabriel, K. [University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2000 Simcoe Street North, Oshawa, Ontario (Canada)

2010-06-15

Locomotives offer an efficient mode of transportation when compared to buses, personal vehicles or airplanes for mass transportation over frequent intercity distances. For example, a Bombardier Regina EMU train with 272 seats and a load factor of 53% will consume under 0.07 kWh/passenger-km, which is typically much lower than corresponding values for other transportation modes in similar circumstances. European countries have invested significantly over the years in train electrification. Environmentally friendly methods of transferring power to the wheels are direct electrification and hydrogen fuel cells. Various methods to produce hydrogen for utilization with fuel cell train operation are examined in this paper. This companion paper of a 2-paper set examines the overall impact of energy supply (hydrogen vs. electricity) and distribution on rail transportation, specifically in terms of costs and overall GHG emissions for a case study of GO transit along the Lakeshore corridor in Toronto. Although electrification of train services simplifies some aspects of the operation, when considered over the Lakeshore corridor alone, electrified trains lose their flexibility to serve cities outside the Lakeshore corridor. Hydrogen fuelled trains can provide a smoother transition and interoperability by operating the same routes and stations served by diesel trains today, without being limited to the Lakeshore corridor. This paper evaluates technological, operational and economic aspects of the electrification of the Lakeshore corridor, versus hydrogen train operation, including infrastructure requirements to provide service to a substantial ridership increase projected for the years 2015-2031. Various methods of hydrogen production and distribution are presented and analysed, in order to evaluate the overall life cycle of GHG emissions and costs for various train alternatives. (author)

Indicators for assessment of rural electrification-An approach for the comparison of apples and pears

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ilskog, Elisabeth

2008-01-01

Despite a large number of rural electrification projects being implemented in developing countries, there are few published in-depth evaluations of the effects of these projects on sustainable development. There is also no generally accepted method for the assessment of such effects that includes all relevant aspects of sustainability. An issue of growing importance is whether rural electrification implemented by private entrepreneurs or other non-governmental organisations contribute more effectively to sustainable development than the conventional approach where rural electrification is the responsibility of a government utility. This paper presents a method for sustainability evaluation based on the use of 39 indicators. The proposed indicators cover the five dimensions of sustainability: technical, economical, social/ethical, environmental and institutional sustainability. The paper presents the indicators and gives a detailed example of the procedure to calculate an indicator based on information that can realistically be collected in field studies. It is suggested that this interdisciplinary approach will lead to an improved basis for evaluation of projects than previous, more limited approaches. Projects promoted on the basis of information only about prioritised dimensions of sustainability, such as environment, may fail as a result of weaknesses in other dimensions. The proposed method may reduce this risk

Delivery Mechanisms for Rural Electrification. A report from a workshop

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gullberg, Monica; Ilskog, Elisabeth; Arvidson, Anders; Katyega, Maneno (eds.)

2004-04-01

The workshop was attended by 28 participants from Kenya, Mozambique South Africa, Sweden, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe, representing energy service providers (private, public and cooperative), consumer groups, public energy authorities, researchers, consultants, NGOs and the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency. The topic of the workshop was how different types of electricity delivery mechanisms - i.e. the combination of an energy supply technology and the organisation managing it - can support rural development. Which energy services have high priority for rural development? What are the appropriate delivery mechanisms? How can the expansion of different delivery mechanisms be supported and made to work efficiently? These are some of the key questions that were discussed in the workshop. The objectives of the workshop were to share experiences and develop a better understanding of existing and potential energy delivery mechanisms that contribute to development in rural areas in Eastern and Southern Africa. The workshop was targeted at, amongst others, the authorities which are in the process of being formed, or have recently been formed, to take charge of rural electrification such as the Rural Electrification Agencies and Rural Electrification Funds. Four case studies were presented and discussed to provide an introduction to the topic, and concrete examples of different delivery mechanisms were given to inspire the workshop discussions. Focus group discussions were used to explore the participants perceptions and experience of: (i) what rural development is, (ii) what role energy plays in rural development, (iii) which energy services are important for rural development, (iv) which delivery mechanisms are used and appropriate for different situations of energy service delivery in rural areas, and (v) what the institutional framework requirements are for delivering different types of energy services and supporting different types of

Putting together a public-private financing partnership in electrical distribution : the Moroccan experience; Le montage financier d'un partenariat public-prive en matiere d'electrification : L'experience marocaine

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Boughaba, F.; Dhaiby, N. [Office National de l' Electricite, Casablanca (Morocco)

2003-09-01

In Third World countries, the vast majority of the rural population does not have access to electricity. The factors that affect rural electrification policies include economic, demographic, social, and cultural factors and the fact that each country has its own policy regarding electrification. Since 1963, Morocco has been aware that rural electrification represents an important aspect of sustainable development. The government of Morocco has implemented several initiatives to overcome the challenge of rural electrification. This paper presents a brief historical overview of key dates in the rural electrification in Morocco. In particular, the authors discussed Morocco's Global Rural Electrification Program (PERG), outlining its global approach, master plan, and implementation. To finance this endeavour, Morocco relies on several international institutions ready to help in accordance with the priorities determined by the State. For example, funds have been provided by the Agence Francaise de Developpement (AFD), Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC), Islamic Development Bank (IDB), the KFW and the FADES. The socio-economic impact of rural electrification was also reviewed, noting increased economic activity and a 30 per cent reduction in emigration from electrified villages. Households also benefit from improved hygiene and quality of life. 1 tab.

Video nueva herramienta del campo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Manuel Calvelo Ríos

2015-01-01

Full Text Available El Video resulta ser una herramienta sumamente útil para el desarrollo rural. Entendemos por desarrollo rural el intento de regular las relaciones campo-ciudad en términos más equitativos para el hombre del campo. Es por tanto una decisión política.

Herramientas DNP3 pentesting para redes de infraestructura critica

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M. Sánchez

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Este artículo presenta un conjunto de herramientas de software que son capaces de realizar actividades Pentesting en la infraestructura crítica del sector eléctrico mediante el protocolo DNP3. Las herramientas son capaces de comprobar la capacidad de los controles de seguridad cibernética en el interior del perímetro de la red para evitar cualquier comando sensible falsificado pueda llegar a cualquier controlador de subestación

Especificación de procesos en la herramienta CAME MOSKitt4ME y construcción de un marco de evaluación para herramientas CAME y CASE

OpenAIRE

JAÉN BIELSA, ALICIA

2011-01-01

Jaén Bielsa, A. (2011). Especificación de procesos en la herramienta CAME MOSKitt4ME y construcción de un marco de evaluación para herramientas CAME y CASE. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/11975. Archivo delegado

The theory and practice of 100 pilot SHP-based rural electrification counties in China

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Luo Gaorong [Organization of the United Nations, Beijing (China). International Centre of Small Hydroelectric Power Plants

1995-07-01

This document presents the theory and practice of 100 pilot small hydroelectric power plants (SHP) based rural electrification counties in China. The document reports the research contents, methodology and results, and the pilot benefit analysis and evaluation.

Mule Studio: una herramienta gráfica para Mule ESB

OpenAIRE

Boubeta-Puig, Juan

2013-01-01

En este documento se presenta un tutorial paso a paso sobre Mule Studio, una herramienta gráfica que abstrae al usuario de los detalles más técnicos del bus de servicios empresarial Mule. Además, se implementa un caso de estudio en el que se integra el motor de procesamiento de eventos complejos Esper con Mule, haciendo uso de dicha herramienta.

EU-sponsored photovoltaic systems for rural electrification

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Riesch, Gerhard [Joint Research Centre of the European Union, JRC, Ispra (Italy)

1995-12-31

Development and proliferation of renewable energies are sponsored since 1983 by the European Union, normally up to 40% of the cost. (Programme THERMIE and predecessors). In the frame of this programme for more than one hundred projects of all kinds with thousands of photovoltaic energy supply systems have been implemented in Europe, 29 of these projects with 939 single pv-systems concern electrification of rural sites (e.g. agriculture) or isolated sites (e.g. mountain huts). Most of the single systems are of small size, 50 to 1000 Wp. A few of the systems are larger, up to 25 kWp, and supply local isolated mini-grids. In this paper the main features of the systems in six european countries are presented: The technical, economical and social results as well as the contributions of the Electric Power Utility (EPU`s) to these electrification are discussed. [Espanol] Desde 1983 la Union Europea ha auspiciado normalmente hasta el 40% del costo del desarrollo y proliferacion de las energias renovables. (Programa THERMIE y predecesores). En el marco de este programa con mas de cien proyectos de todos tipos, con miles de sistemas fotovoltaicos de suministro de energia, han sido implantados en Europa, 29 de estos proyectos con 929 sistemas fotovoltaicos sencillos se relacionan con la electrificacion de sitios rurales (por ejemplo agricultura) o de sitios aislados (por ejemplo cabanas en la montana). La mayoria de los sistemas sencillos son de pequeno tamano, 50 a 1000 Wp. Unos pocos de los sistemas son mas grandes, hasta de 25 kWp y alimentan mini-redes locales aisladas. En este articulo se presentan las caracteristicas principales de los sistemas en seis paises europeos: se analizan los resultados tecnicos, economicos y sociales, asi como las contribuciones de las empresas electricas.

EU-sponsored photovoltaic systems for rural electrification

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Riesch, Gerhard [Joint Research Centre of the European Union, JRC, Ispra (Italy)

1996-12-31

Development and proliferation of renewable energies are sponsored since 1983 by the European Union, normally up to 40% of the cost. (Programme THERMIE and predecessors). In the frame of this programme for more than one hundred projects of all kinds with thousands of photovoltaic energy supply systems have been implemented in Europe, 29 of these projects with 939 single pv-systems concern electrification of rural sites (e.g. agriculture) or isolated sites (e.g. mountain huts). Most of the single systems are of small size, 50 to 1000 Wp. A few of the systems are larger, up to 25 kWp, and supply local isolated mini-grids. In this paper the main features of the systems in six european countries are presented: The technical, economical and social results as well as the contributions of the Electric Power Utility (EPU`s) to these electrification are discussed. [Espanol] Desde 1983 la Union Europea ha auspiciado normalmente hasta el 40% del costo del desarrollo y proliferacion de las energias renovables. (Programa THERMIE y predecesores). En el marco de este programa con mas de cien proyectos de todos tipos, con miles de sistemas fotovoltaicos de suministro de energia, han sido implantados en Europa, 29 de estos proyectos con 929 sistemas fotovoltaicos sencillos se relacionan con la electrificacion de sitios rurales (por ejemplo agricultura) o de sitios aislados (por ejemplo cabanas en la montana). La mayoria de los sistemas sencillos son de pequeno tamano, 50 a 1000 Wp. Unos pocos de los sistemas son mas grandes, hasta de 25 kWp y alimentan mini-redes locales aisladas. En este articulo se presentan las caracteristicas principales de los sistemas en seis paises europeos: se analizan los resultados tecnicos, economicos y sociales, asi como las contribuciones de las empresas electricas.

Electrification, economic growth and uranium power

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Starr, C.

1983-01-01

The worldwide growth of uranium power plant capacity is obviously dependent on both the growth of electrification and the competitive status of uranium power. In this paper the thesis is developed that expanded use of uranium power is essential to provide a substantial portion of the electricity necessary for world economic growth. Further, the case is made that the obstacles to this expansion arise not from the technology, but rather from the inadequacies of our industrial, political, and economic institutions to manage this new energy system effectively, nationally and internationally. Data are presented on the relation between electricity consumption and GNP; percentage of primary energy used for electricity; energy price ratio; relative generation costs of U, coal and oil-fired power plants; generating costs and capacity factors of conventional and uranium power plants. (U.K.)

Railroad electrification in America's future: an assessment of prospects and impacts. Final report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

White, R.K.; Yabroff, I.W.; Dickson, E.M.; Zink, R.A.; Gray, M.E.; Moon, A.E.

1980-01-01

Such considerations as the level of traffic, the relative financial health of individual railroads, the capacity of the associated supply and engineering/construction industries, and the logical connecting points at classifying yards, as well as the national interest value of creating a continuous system, continental in scope, were used to construct a scenario for railroad electrification that closely approximates how an electrification program might be implemented. For the economic reasons cited, much of the US railroad system would remain conventionally powered. This scenario provides for an electrified network involving 14 mainlines operated by 10 companies that could transport much of the nation's rail-borne freight. Five years of planning and engineering work would be required for each link before construction could begin. With 1000 miles or less of electrified route per year, 14 years would be needed to construct the 9000-mile network of our scenario. (The scenario constructed runs from 1980 to 1998.) The analysis was aided with the construction of the SRI Railroad Industry Model. Basically a model of industry operations and finances, the model produces income statements and balance sheets at yearly intervals. Railroad energy costs, railroad freight levels, maintenance costs, purchases and leases of rooling stock, electrification facility investments, future inflation, rate setting practices, annual depreciation, taxes, and profits were calculated.

Solar home systems for rural electrification - the case of South Africa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Laarhoven, J. van [Rural Electrification (Africa) Shell Solar BV, Helmond (Netherlands)

2001-07-01

Prior to that, as an introduction, I'd like to tell you a bit about Shell solar and rural electrification from their perspective. If I could add something to the speech of Mr. Holm, I would gladly do that. Thirdly, I'd like to address the South African rural electrification market. I'd like to talk a bit about the system we have on the offering called the ''Powerhouse'' system, give you the Eastern Cape project status, and draw some conclusions with you. ''Jenza'' is a Zulu word, which means ''just do it - get on with it''. In a number of speeches today, I heard the words ''demonstration'', ''research'', ''study'', etc. I don't think the two billion people that have been on several occasions are waiting for more studies; I think they are waiting for initiatives - to ''just do it'' on a large scale. As Mr. Gehr pointed out, in Morocco there is a program of 200,000 customers, and they're running it.

Small hydropower for rural electrification in South Africa - using experiences from other African countries

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Jonker Klunne, WE

2009-10-01

Full Text Available Local hydropower sources can play an important role in the electrification of rural areas in South Africa remote from the national electricity grid. To ensure the sustainability of hydropower developments it is essential that lessons learned...

Energy Efficiency and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction Through Electrification Program atTanjungEnim Mine Business Unit of PT Bukit Asam (Persero Tbk.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Iko Gusman

2018-03-01

Full Text Available Current global economic conditions have made the coal prices become uncertain. PT Bukit Asam (PTBA has taken corporate action by improving operational efficiency, cost control, develop coal diversification product and also optimizationin the mining operation. One of the operational efficiency programs for cost control in mining operation system is the Electrification Program. This program changed mining operations previously dominated by fuel-based mining system transformed into an electricity-based mining system for an electricshovel continue with the conventional truck. Implementation of Mining Systems with electric-based mining equipment divided into several stages for short-term and long-term targets. Electrification program consist of 7 Units Electric Shovel (PC3000-6E and 40 Units Rigid DT (Belaz75135 with target20 Million BCM in 2017 located inBanko West Mine. PTBA through the electrification program has succeeded in reducing energy consumption by 333,861.74 GJoule/Years and reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 15,058.49 Ton CO2e/Year. Electrification program has successfully contributed for environmental sustainability by reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions in accordance with the vision of PTBA into a world-class energy company that cares about the environment.

Modelo Funcional de un Gestor de Herramientas de Mecanizado Functional Model of Cutting Tool Management

OpenAIRE

Amparo Meseguer; Francisco González

2006-01-01

En este trabajo se propone un modelo funcional para un gestor de herramientas de mecanizado, integrado con la Planificación de Procesos Asistida por Ordenador (CAPP) y la programación de la producción. El modelo propuesto está basado en la capacidad de CAPP para generar alternativas de herramientas en las operaciones de mecanizado. El gestor resuelve las interferencias entre las herramientas, de forma que cada operación dispone de un conjunto de alternativas de herramientas compatibles con la...

Socio-technical assessment of solar photovoltaic systems implemented for rural electrification in selected villages of Sundarbans region of India

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rashmi Murali

2015-10-01

Full Text Available The power situation in rural India continues to remain poor with around one-third of the rural population without access to any form of electricity. The consequence of which is kerosene being used as a major source of lighting for un-electrified households as well as households with intermittent access to electricity in rural areas. While grid based electrification has been the most common approach, decentralized renewable energy options especially, solar PV systems have also been adopted as a cost effective mode of electrification. This paper presents the results of socio-technical assessment of solar photovoltaic interventions namely, solar home systems, solar mini-grid and solar AC pico-grids, which have been used to electrify selected villages in Sundarbans region of India. The study is focused on technical, financial, and institutional aspects along with the social impact assessment of PV based electrification in the Sundarbans region. The results of the study elucidate that, in general, the impacts of the solar PV solutions used for electrification have been largely positive, especially benefits of reduced kerosene consumption, ease in studying and cooking and reduced health effects. The study also finds that technology is not the only factor on which the viability of a program depends, but institutional and financial aspects also play a significant role. The need of the hour is to develop a strong institutional framework and enabling policies for achieving higher success rates in PV programs.

Rural electrification in Zambia: A policy and institutional analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Haanyika, Charles M.

2008-01-01

Zambia is well endowed with hydropower and other energy resources, which could facilitate production of electricity for both urban and rural areas of the country. The country has an installed electricity generation capacity of 1786 MW and undeveloped hydropower potential of over 6000 MW. In the last few years, demand has been growing and it is anticipated to outstrip supply in 2008. The load growth is attributed to increased mining activities and development of the industrial base. The country is also endowed with abundant natural resources such as arable land, water, minerals and wildlife. With the available resource base, electricity along with other social and economic infrastructure such as roads and telecommunications could facilitate increased economic activities. In rural areas, electricity could be used for crop irrigation, agro-processing, small-scale mining and to facilitate tourism. However, rural electrification (RE) faces many challenges such as long distances from existing power stations to targeted rural areas, low population densities, high poverty levels and low skills availability. These and other factors have contributed to continued low levels of access to electricity in rural areas of the country. Measures so far undertaken to facilitate access to electricity in rural areas of Zambia include the adoption of a new National Energy Policy (NEP) in 1994. With regard to the electricity sector and RE in particular, the NEP was aimed at facilitating increased access by liberalising and restructuring the electricity market and promoting the use of low-cost technologies and decentralised renewable energies. To facilitate implementation of the new policy, the government established a legal and institutional framework by enacting new legislation, namely, the Electricity Act and the Energy Regulation Act in 1995. The Electricity Act provided for liberalisation and regulation of the electricity sector, while the Energy Regulation Act provided for the

Evaluation of choices for sustainable rural electrification in developing countries: A multicriteria approach

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rahman, Md. Mizanur; Paatero, Jukka V.; Lahdelma, Risto

2013-01-01

Rural electrification (RE) can be modelled as a multifactorial task connected to a large number of variables: decision makers need to choose the appropriate options by considering not only the techno-economic competitiveness but also socio-cultural dynamics and environmental consequences, making the task intricate. Many rural electrification projects have failed due to lack of attention to the issues beyond financial and technical dimensions. This paper presents a standardized approach for decision making concerning the extension of electricity services to rural areas. This approach first determines whether the supply provision should be grid expansion or off-grid on the basis of levelized cost of delivered electricity. If the grid expansion is found nonviable over off-grid options then a multicriteria decision aiding tool, SMAA-2 (Stochastic Multicriteria Acceptability Analysis), will evaluate off-grid technologies by aggregating 24 criteria values. While applying this approach, the delivered costs of electricity by the grid in remote areas within the 1–25 km distances vary in a range of 0.10–7.85 US$/kW h depending on the line lengths and load conditions. In the off-grid evaluation, the solar PV (photovoltaic) and biogas plants are found as the most preferable alternatives with 59% and 41% acceptability in their first rank, respectively. - Highlights: • Rural electrification involves a large number of socio-cultural issues in addition to technical and environmental considerations. • Decision makers need to choose the appropriate options by considering many criteria. • Many off-grid projects failed due to noncomplying of societal issues. • Multicriteria based decision choice can safeguard the projects from these issues. • SMAA analysis can select the alternatives based on merits

HERRAMIENTA PARA EVALUAR LA GESTIÓN DE RESIDUOS HOSPITALARIOS

OpenAIRE

Luis Carlos Riofrío Cortés; Janneth Torres Agredo

2016-01-01

En esta investigación se evaluó la gestión de los residuos hospitalarios en una clínica privada de tercer nivel de complejidad de la ciudad de Cali, mediante el uso de una herramienta ponderada por un panel de expertos, basada en las normas colombianas y las recomendaciones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud para la gestión de los residuos hospitalarios. La herramienta evaluó la producción de residuos, la operatividad, capacitación y cumplimiento de compromisos de los involucrados en la g...

Sand transport, erosion and granular electrification

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Merrison, J.P.

2012-01-01

is expanding our current understanding and outline the areas of advancement needed in the future. Presentation is made of current models for wind driven detachment/entrainment and the transport rates of sand and dust, including the effects of contact induced grain electrification. This ubiquitous phenomenon...... can affect grain transport through the generation of intense electric fields and processes of electrostatic assembly. Importantly the transport of sand is characterized by saltation, which is known to be an active process for erosion and therefore a source for dust and sand formation. Using novel...... erosion simulation techniques the link between grain transport rates and erosion rates has been quantified. Furthermore this can be linked to production rates for dust and has been associated with chemical and mineral alteration through a process of mechanical activation of fractured surfaces. This work...

Usabilidad y satisfacción en herramientas de anotaciones multimedia para MOOC

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan José Monedero Moya

2015-01-01

Full Text Available El auge del vídeo digital a nivel mundial puede ser una de las causas del crecimiento exponencial de los MOOC. Las evaluaciones de los MOOC recomiendan una mayor interacción multimedia y colaborativa. Siendo los vídeos unos de los elementos destacados en estos cursos, será interesante trabajar en innovaciones que permitan una mayor capacidad a los usuarios para interactuar con anotaciones multimedia y colaborativas dentro de los vídeos. El presente artículo es parte del proyecto de colaboración, cuyo objetivo principal fue «El diseño y creación de herramientas de anotaciones multimedia para mejorar la interactividad de los usuarios con los contenidos». En este artículo mostraremos la evaluación de dos herramientas como fueron Collaborative Annotation Tool (CaTool y Open Video Annotation (OVA esta última desarrollada por el proyecto e integrada en el MOOC de edX. El proyecto abarcó dos cursos académicos (2012-14 y se aplicó un instrumento de evaluación en diferentes grupos de la Facultad de Educación a un total de 180 estudiantes. Se compararon los datos obtenidos entre ambas herramientas con contrastes de media, resultando diferencias significativas a favor de la segunda herramienta. Al concluir el proyecto se dispone de una herramienta de anotaciones de vídeo con diseño validado por los usuarios; además de un instrumento sencillo y rápido de aplicar para evaluar cualquier software y MOOC. Se realizó también una revisión amplia sobre herramientas de anotaciones de vídeos.

Social and technical history of the electrification of the lower Saint Lawrence, 1888-1963

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tremblay, Y.

1993-06-01

The lower St. Lawrence region of Quebec is a rural area with little industry and does not possess important hydraulic resources. Electrification of this region progressed slowly and in an uneven manner. From 1888 to 1922, many local distributors, private or municipal, gave a mediocre quality of service to a small number of customers. A regional firm, the Compagnie de Pouvoir du Bas St-Laurent, followed in 1922 but its resources remained limited, and in a few years it passed under the control of American capitalists. The most rural sectors of the region were badly provided with electricity even in 1945, and the state, in the form of the Office de l'Electrification Rurale, had to intervene to remedy this situation. The Office took charge of organizing and financing electric power distribution cooperatives which ensured service in the most remote zones of Quebec. At the beginning of the 1960s, the inequalities in electric power rates in the region supplied a weighty argument to those in favor of nationalization of power companies. The Compagnie de Pouvoir was acquired by Hydro-Quebec in 1963 and the region was finally correctly integrated with the provincial grid. The cooperatives were also acquired by the Crown corporation a short time thereafter. Electrification was not only building power plants and distribution networks, but also involved development of consumption of electricity on farms and in homes. This made city comforts universal and modified rural life styles, for example by the introduction of electric appliances. 430 refs., 35 figs., 70 tabs

Assessing the Future Vehicle Fleet Electrification: The Impacts on Regional and Urban Air Quality.

Science.gov (United States)

Ke, Wenwei; Zhang, Shaojun; Wu, Ye; Zhao, Bin; Wang, Shuxiao; Hao, Jiming

2017-01-17

There have been significant advancements in electric vehicles (EVs) in recent years. However, the different changing patterns in emissions at upstream and on-road stages and complex atmospheric chemistry of pollutants lead to uncertainty in the air quality benefits from fleet electrification. This study considers the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region in China to investigate whether EVs can improve future air quality. The Community Multiscale Air Quality model enhanced by the two-dimensional volatility basis set module is applied to simulate the temporally, spatially, and chemically resolved changes in PM 2.5 concentrations and the changes of other pollutants from fleet electrification. A probable scenario (Scenario EV1) with 20% of private light-duty passenger vehicles and 80% of commercial passenger vehicles (e.g., taxis and buses) electrified can reduce average PM 2.5 concentrations by 0.4 to 1.1 μg m -3 during four representative months for all urban areas of YRD in 2030. The seasonal distinctions of the air quality impacts with respect to concentration reductions in key aerosol components are also identified. For example, the PM 2.5 reduction in January is mainly attributed to the nitrate reduction, whereas the secondary organic aerosol reduction is another essential contributor in August. EVs can also effectively assist in mitigating NO 2 concentrations, which would gain greater reductions for traffic-dense urban areas (e.g., Shanghai). This paper reveals that the fleet electrification in the YRD region could generally play a positive role in improving regional and urban air quality.

Plan de marketing para la herramienta de inteligencia artificial Parlakuy

OpenAIRE

Farro Flores, César Augusto; Gonzales Gaspar, Juan Francisco

2017-01-01

Parlakuy es una empresa tecnológica en formación dedicada a utilizar herramientas de inteligencia artificial, específicamente machine learning, en las redes sociales. Tiene por objetivo ayudar a resolver las necesidades de las empresas y personas para que puedan entender a sus clientes en redes sociales, identificar temas importantes para su estudio y tomar acciones preventivas ante un suceso o acontecimiento en tiempo real. Para esto crea la herramienta Parlakuy, que tiene el mismo nombre...

LA INFLUENCIA DEL CONTEXTO EN LOS USOS DE LAS HERRAMIENTAS VIRTUALES

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Luisa Sevillano García

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Este artículo es producto de una investigación que ha perseguido los siguientes objetivos: Conocer los usos de las herramientas virtuales por una población representativa en edades, profesiones, género y formación. Identificar las dificultades que encuentran y buscar las causas que las originan .Valorar las ventajas de cada una de las herramientas en la vida profesional, en el ocio y en la labor formativa.Se ha elegido un muestreo por cuotas, fundamentalmente, por el rigor que otorga.Las herramientas de toma de datos elaboradas y aplicadas —protocolo de cuestionario, guión de entrevista y grupo de discusión— posibilitan traspasar la frontera del análisis cuantitativo versus cualitativo para adentrarse en una metodología mixta.Un aprovechamiento acertado, rápido, seguro, selectivo de las herramientas virtuales estudiadas representa un principio de innovación, acceso al conocimiento y desarrollo de la actuación profesional. La cualificación en competencias básicas para construir, transferir y procesar conocimientos especializados y generales que circulan por la red, son de utilidad a lo largo de la vida.

Energy solutions in rural Africa: mapping electrification costs of distributed solar and diesel generation versus grid extension

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Szabo, S; Bodis, K; Huld, T [European Commission Joint Research Centre, Institute for Energy, Renewable Energy Unit, 2749 via Enrico Fermi, TP450, 21027 Ispra (Vatican City State, Holy See) (Italy); Moner-Girona, M, E-mail: Sandor.Szabo@ec.europa.eu [UNEP Energy Branch Division of Technology, Industry and Economics, 15 rue de Milan, F-75441, Paris CEDEX09 (France)

2011-07-15

Three rural electrification options are analysed showing the cost optimal conditions for a sustainable energy development applying renewable energy sources in Africa. A spatial electricity cost model has been designed to point out whether diesel generators, photovoltaic systems or extension of the grid are the least-cost option in off-grid areas. The resulting mapping application offers support to decide in which regions the communities could be electrified either within the grid or in an isolated mini-grid. Donor programs and National Rural Electrification Agencies (or equivalent governmental departments) could use this type of delineation for their program boundaries and then could use the local optimization tools adapted to the prevailing parameters.

Energy solutions in rural Africa: mapping electrification costs of distributed solar and diesel generation versus grid extension

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Szabo, S; Bodis, K; Huld, T; Moner-Girona, M

2011-01-01

Three rural electrification options are analysed showing the cost optimal conditions for a sustainable energy development applying renewable energy sources in Africa. A spatial electricity cost model has been designed to point out whether diesel generators, photovoltaic systems or extension of the grid are the least-cost option in off-grid areas. The resulting mapping application offers support to decide in which regions the communities could be electrified either within the grid or in an isolated mini-grid. Donor programs and National Rural Electrification Agencies (or equivalent governmental departments) could use this type of delineation for their program boundaries and then could use the local optimization tools adapted to the prevailing parameters.

Mini-grid based off-grid electrification to enhance electricity access in developing countries: What policies may be required?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bhattacharyya, Subhes C.; Palit, Debajit

2016-01-01

With 1.2 billion people still lacking electricity access by 2013, electricity access remains a major global challenge. Although mini-grid based electrification has received attention in recent times, their full exploitation requires policy support covering a range of areas. Distilling the experience from a five year research project, OASYS South Asia, this paper presents the summary of research findings and shares the experience from four demonstration activities. It suggests that cost-effective universal electricity service remains a challenge and reaching the universal electrification target by 2030 will remain a challenge for the less developed countries. The financial, organisational and governance weaknesses hinder successful implementation of projects in many countries. The paper then provides 10 policy recommendations to promote mini-grids as a complementary route to grid extension to promote electricity access for successful outcomes. - Highlights: •The academic and action research activities undertaken through OASYS South Asia Project are reported. •Evidence produced through a multi-dimensional participatory framework supplemented by four demonstration projects. •Funding and regulatory challenges militate against universal electrification objectives by 2030. •Innovative business approaches linking local mini-grids and livelihood opportunities exist. •Enabling policies are suggested to exploit such options.

“HERRAMIENTA COMPUTACIONAL EDUCATIVA PARA EL APRENDIZAJE DE SISTEMAS DIFUSOS”

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Edwar Jacinto Gómez

2011-11-01

Full Text Available Este artículo presenta el software  Fuzzy Tool desarrollado como una herramienta educativa para el aprendizaje de sistemas difusos, define los métodos y operaciones difusos más importantes y utilizadas en el diseño de sistemas difusos en el mundo. FuzzyTool se implementó como una herramienta computacional educativa teniendo como referencia cada una de lo programas que se encuentran en la actualidad para el desarrollo, diseño y simulación de sistemas y controladores difusas (fuzzytech, Matlab, Unfuzzy, etc..La herramienta que se desarrollo le entrega al usuario una interfaz gráfica donde es guiado en el diseño de los sistemas difusos, por medio de tres pasos fundamentales como lo son: la edición de las variables, la construcción de la base de reglas o base de conocimiento y por ultimo, la inferencia de reglas.

Automated Identification of Initial Storm Electrification and End-of-Storm Electrification Using Electric Field Mill Sensors

Science.gov (United States)

Maier, Launa M.; Huddleston, Lisa L.

2017-01-01

Kennedy Space Center (KSC) operations are located in a region which experiences one of the highest lightning densities across the United States. As a result, on average, KSC loses almost 30 minutes of operational availability each day for lightning sensitive activities. KSC is investigating using existing instrumentation and automated algorithms to improve the timeliness and accuracy of lightning warnings. Additionally, the automation routines will be warning on a grid to minimize under-warnings associated with not being located in the center of the warning area and over-warnings associated with encompassing too large an area. This study discusses utilization of electric field mill data to provide improved warning times. Specifically, this paper will demonstrate improved performance of an enveloping algorithm of the electric field mill data as compared with the electric field zero crossing to identify initial storm electrification. End-of-Storm-Oscillation (EOSO) identification algorithms will also be analyzed to identify performance improvement, if any, when compared with 30 minutes after the last lightning flash.

Indonesia solar home systems project for rural electrification

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sanghvi, A.P.

1997-12-01

This paper presents, from a financing aspect the broad issues involved in a plan to provide solar home systems (SHS) to provide rural electrification in several areas of rural Indonesia. The paper discusses the approaches being used to provide funding, develop awareness of the technology, and assure the success of the project. The plan involves the use of grant money to help with some of the initial costs of such systems, and thereby to encourage local financing on a terms rather than cash basis. There are needs for market development, and development of a business structure in the country to support this type of technology. Provided this plan can succeed, it may serve as a model for further efforts.

Desarrollo de herramientas inteligentes para la web semántica

OpenAIRE

Simari, Guillermo Ricardo; García, Alejandro Javier; Tohmé, Fernando Abel; Delladio, Telma; Martínez, Diego C.; Gómez, Sergio Alejandro; Estévez, Elsa Clara; Fillottrani, Pablo Rubén; Castro, Silvia Mabel; Martig, Sergio R.; Ardenghi, Jorge Raúl; Echaiz, Javier

2004-01-01

El objetivo general de este proyecto, en el marco de las recomendaciones del World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), es el desarrollo de las herramientas necesarias para la creación de la infraestructura de soporte cognitivo y la explotación por parte de agentes autónomos del conocimiento almacenado en la Web. Esto incluye lenguajes de representación de conocimiento, herramientas para la creación, mantenimiento y visualización interactiva de ontologías, y máquinas de inferencia especializadas que pu...

Cuadernia , una herramienta multimedia para elaborar materiales didácticos

OpenAIRE

Gerardo Herrera Gutierrez; Carmen Gregori Signes; Marisa Samblás Betata; Javier Sevilla Peris; Rebeca Montes Maya; Raquel Abellán Royuela

2009-01-01

Cuadernia es la herramienta con licencia Creative Commons que la Consejería de Educación y Ciencia de Castilla-La Mancha pone a disposición de toda la comunidad educativa para la creación y difusión de materiales educativos digitales con una interfaz y presentación final muy intuitiva y fácil de utilizar. Esta herramienta permite crear cuadernos digitales para utilizar en red o en tu propio ordenador. Los autores son miembros de un proyecto de investigación Authia que colabora con los creado...

Comparativa de herramientas de simulación de redes sociales

OpenAIRE

Camino García, Ana María

2016-01-01

Hoy en día, el Análisis de Redes Sociales (ARS) es muy útil, ya que refleja el comportamiento de la sociedad actual. Entre las diferentes técnicas para analizar las redes sociales, hay un interés creciente en el modelado basado en agentes (MBA), ya que permite realizar simulaciones de sistemas complejos. Por lo tanto, las herramientas de simulación cobran gran importancia para el análisis de redes sociales. En este trabajo, se analizan diferentes tipos de herramientas de simulación, con el fi...

Lighting the World: the first application of an open source, spatial electrification tool (OnSSET) on Sub-Saharan Africa

Science.gov (United States)

Mentis, Dimitrios; Howells, Mark; Rogner, Holger; Korkovelos, Alexandros; Arderne, Christopher; Zepeda, Eduardo; Siyal, Shahid; Taliotis, Costantinos; Bazilian, Morgan; de Roo, Ad; Tanvez, Yann; Oudalov, Alexandre; Scholtz, Ernst

2017-08-01

In September 2015, the United Nations General Assembly adopted Agenda 2030, which comprises a set of 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) defined by 169 targets. ‘Ensuring access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all by 2030’ is the seventh goal (SDG7). While access to energy refers to more than electricity, the latter is the central focus of this work. According to the World Bank’s 2015 Global Tracking Framework, roughly 15% of the world’s population (or 1.1 billion people) lack access to electricity, and many more rely on poor quality electricity services. The majority of those without access (87%) reside in rural areas. This paper presents results of a geographic information systems approach coupled with open access data. We present least-cost electrification strategies on a country-by-country basis for Sub-Saharan Africa. The electrification options include grid extension, mini-grid and stand-alone systems for rural, peri-urban, and urban contexts across the economy. At low levels of electricity demand there is a strong penetration of standalone technologies. However, higher electricity demand levels move the favourable electrification option from stand-alone systems to mini grid and to grid extensions.

Electrification Beyond Light Duty: Class 2b-3 Commercial Vehicles

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Birky, Alicia [Energetics Incorporated; Laughlin, Michael [Energetics Incorporated; Tartaglia, Katie [Energetics Incorporated; Price, Rebecca [Energetics Incorporated; Lim, Brandon [Energetics Incorporated; Lin, Zhenhong [ORNL

2018-01-01

The class 2b-3 truck market covers a wide range of commercial truck applications across a half-million vehicle sales annually. This report collected public information and stakeholder input to assess the opportunity for electrification in this market. Although class 2b-3 pickup truck and van bodies are very similar to personal light vehicles, their functional requirements are quite different due to the demands of the commercial market. These demands vary by application and often vary from day to day for a single application. Fleet customers purchase these vehicles to perform a particular job for their business and are concerned about the overall cost of doing that job. Therefore, the vehicles must meet the job requirements cost effectively. Customers also are sensitive to initial cost. Electrification offers the potential to reduce vehicle operating costs and possibly improve vehicle functionality. However, the current market for class 2b-3 electrified trucks is very small, and the trucks are costly. Increased production volumes are key to cost reductions and may be assisted by sharing components with larger or smaller truck classes. Expanding demand is also crucial and stakeholders identified several niche markets with duty cycles that are likely well-suited to electrified class 2b-3 trucks. To expand beyond these niches, class 2b-3 electric solutions must be robust, flexible, and adaptable in order to cover a wide range of vocations, applications, and duty cycles.

Videojuegos como herramienta en Educación Primaria: caso de estudio con eAdventure

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Solano Nogales, Luis

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Los videojuegos son herramientas interactivas y sociales de aprendizaje de la Web 2.0, con las que los usuarios pueden jugar, participar, comunicarse y aprender, creando y sacando partido de los contenidos. No obstante el profesorado necesita formación para exprimir de forma eficaz estas herramientas. Con el ánimo de comprobar la eficacia del videojuego como herramienta de enseñanza en el aula, en este artículo se presenta un estudio de caso de la adopción de los videojuegos en Educación Primaria, donde la herramienta eAdventure se ha utilizado para impartir una Unidad Didáctica de la asignatura Ciencias de la Naturaleza a alumnos de siete años. La conclusión a la que se ha llegado tras su realización es que los videojuegos pueden ser utilizados como herramientas educativas y las principales fortalezas de su uso en clase son: (i la reducción en la temporalización a la hora de impartir un contenido y (ii el incremento en la atención de los alumnos.

Bases para el desarrollo de Micromáquinas Herramienta Paralelas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ricardo Yáñez-Valdez

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Resumen: El presente trabajo pretende sentar las bases del desarrollo de micromáquinas herramienta paralelas. Se plantean condiciones básicas y se propone un proceso de selección de configuraciones paralelas con miras a su implementación como micromáquinas herramienta. Con base en requerimientos e índices de desempeño se seleccionó una configuración paralela con todas las cualidades solicitadas para desempeñar tareas de micromecanizado. Se aborda con mayor detalle el proceso de selección para un caso de estudio donde 3 ejes traslacionales de movimiento son requeridos. Con base en el resultado del proceso de selección y en especificaciones de diseño, se construyó y se evaluó un prototipo de micromáquina herramienta paralela. El resultado de la investigación realizada muestra que es factible realizar tareas de micromecanizado con el prototipo de micromáquina herramienta paralela. Abstract: This work aims to establish the development basis of parallel configurations based micromachine tools. Basic conditions are identified from typical micromachine tools in order to propose a selection process of parallel configurations with the aim to develop micro-parallel kinematic machines. Based on requirements and performance indices a 3DOF parallel configuration is selected. The selection process is applied for a case of study where 3 axes of movement are required. Based on previous results and specifications, a prototype of micro-parallel kinematic machine is built and evaluated. Through test analysis, the micro-parallel kinematic machine is proved to be feasible and applicable for micro-manufacturing. Palabras clave: Desacoplamiento cinemático, Espacio de trabajo, Índices de desempeño, Isotropía de fuerzas, Mecanismo paralelo, Micromáquina herramienta, Proceso de selección, Síntesis de tipo, Keywords: Decoupled motion, Force isotropy, Micromachine tool, Microparallel kinematic machine, Performance indices, Reachable workspace

HERRAMIENTAS DE LA PEDAGOGÍA CONCEPTUAL EN EL APRENDIZAJE DE LA BIOLOGÍA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Victoria Vargas-Quintero

2005-06-01

Full Text Available Se presentan los cuadros sinópticos como herramientas para apropiar conceptos y organizar información en torno a la biología celular. Se revisa la utilidad de estas herramientas para hacer cambios conceptuales en torno a la estructura y función celular. Se encuentra que los alumnos que no se apoyan en las herramientas gráficas tampoco resuelven un ejercicio, en tanto que el 57% de los que hacen los gráficos resuelven el ejercicio satisfactoriamente. Esta metodología ayuda a identificar problemas de comprensión y ubicar conceptos que son poco utilizados.

Review of photovoltaic energy development in Kenya for rural electrification

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rabah, K.V.O.; Ndjeli, L.; Raturi, A.K.

1995-10-01

Energy demand is rapidly growing throughout much of the developing world, where an estimated two billion people, mostly from sparsely populated areas, currently live without electricity. As electrical energy systems are selected to help meet these people's electricity need, the environmental ramifications of the generating systems become increasingly important. Photovoltaic systems generate electricity without emitting greenhouse gases, and result in global, regional and local air quality advantages. In this work we intend to carry out research and development of photovoltaic solar cells for rural electrification - especially solar powered water pumping. (author). 56 refs, 11 figs

A Hybrid Dynamic System Assessment Methodology for Multi-Modal Transportation-Electrification

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Thomas J.T. van der Wardt

2017-05-01

Full Text Available In recent years, electrified transportation, be it in the form of buses, trains, or cars have become an emerging form of mobility. Electric vehicles (EVs, especially, are set to expand the amount of electric miles driven and energy consumed. Nevertheless, the question remains as to whether EVs will be technically feasible within infrastructure systems. Fundamentally, EVs interact with three interconnected systems: the (physical transportation system, the electric power grid, and their supporting information systems. Coupling of the two physical systems essentially forms a nexus, the transportation-electricity nexus (TEN. This paper presents a hybrid dynamic system assessment methodology for multi-modal transportation-electrification. At its core, it utilizes a mathematical model which consists of a marked Petri-net model superimposed on the continuous time microscopic traffic dynamics and the electrical state evolution. The methodology consists of four steps: (1 establish the TEN structure; (2 establish the TEN behavior; (3 establish the TEN Intelligent Transportation-Energy System (ITES decision-making; and (4 assess the TEN performance. In the presentation of the methodology, the Symmetrica test case is used throughout as an illustrative example. Consequently, values for several measures of performance are provided. This methodology is presented generically and may be used to assess the effects of transportation-electrification in any city or area; opening up possibilities for many future studies.

HACER PARA PENSAR: IDEAS, ESPACIOS Y HERRAMIENTAS

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Claudia Urrea Giraldo

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Con el presente ensayo se busca compartir la experiencia de aprendizaje diseñada y desarrollada por un grupo interdisciplinario de profesores y profesoras de la Universidad de Costa Rica. La actividad contó con la participación de docentes de distintas disciplinas académicas. La propuesta se concretó en un taller que utilizó el lenguaje de programación Scratch y las tarjetas Pico, como oportunidad para modelar un ambiente de aprendizaje construccionista. Ideas poderosas, espacios y herramientas se pusieron a disposición de los y las participantes para la construcción de historias digitales, modelos y simulaciones. El objetivo final fue que los y las profesoras pudieran vivenciar, a través de una experiencia práctica, el ambiente de aprendizaje construccionista, las ideas y las herramientas, para que más adelante las pudieran extrapolar en sus propias disciplinas y cursos.

Locally manufactured wind power technology for sustainable rural electrification

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Leary, J.; While, A.; Howell, R.

2012-01-01

To date, the use of wind power for rural electrification has been limited. However the fact that micro-wind turbines can be manufactured using only basic workshop tools, techniques and materials, and therefore can be produced locally is often overlooked. Local manufacture has the potential to boost the local economy, build local capacity, reduce costs and produce resilient and flexible energy systems. However, locally manufactured technology must be seen as socially embedded due to the variety of local knowledge, skills, equipment and materials needed to construct and maintain such systems, as well as the organisational structures needed to ensure their long term sustainability. Evidence from successful initiatives suggests that stable institutional support from intermediaries such as the local/national government or NGOs is necessary to foster the development of a wind power industry based on local manufacture. The roles of these intermediaries include identifying and targeting windy areas with favourable environmental conditions, conducting research and development, collecting feedback from end users, creating supply chains for new parts and materials and developing relevant knowledge and skills. In this paper, three case studies of specific initiatives are analysed to draw out the social, economic and technical factors that could facilitate wider adoption of the technology. - Highlights: ► Local manufacture of wind turbines often overlooked for rural electrification. ► Flexible to adapt to local context and benefits local economy, capacity and supply chain. ► Development of technology discussed and 3 case studies of dissemination analysed. ► Critical factors: institutional support, system level planning, continuity of supply. ► Dissemination successful in Inner Mongolia; work continues elsewhere.

Solar-based rural electrification policy design: The Renewable Energy Service Company (RESCO) model in Fiji

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dornan, M. [Resource Management in Asia-Pacific Program, The Crawford School of Economics and Government, The Australian National University, Acton ACT 2601 (Australia)

2011-02-15

Solar photovoltaic technologies have for some time been promoted as a cost effective means of rural electrification in developing countries. However, institutional structures resulting in poor maintenance have adversely affected the sustainability of past solar projects. In Fiji, the Renewable Energy Service Company (RESCO) program is the latest attempt to promote solar-based rural electrification in a fee-for-service model, aiming to remove the high upfront capital costs associated with solar technologies and using a public-private sector partnership for maintenance. This paper assesses the program using survey and interview data. Major flaws are identified, relating to incorrect treatment of principal-agent problems, information asymmetries, motivational problems, and resourcing of government agencies. General lessons for fee-for-service solar home system models emerge, including that incentives for stakeholders must take centre stage in designing and administering such programs, and that active government support and ownership are required to make programs sustainable. (author)

Renewable energy rural electrification. Sustainability aspects of the Mexican programme in practice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Huacuz, J.M.; Martinez, A.M.

1995-01-01

During the last 20 years Mexico has been fertile ground for rural projects using renewable energy technologies. In many cases, however, sustainability aspects were either improperly handled or essentially ignored. Such was the case, for instance, with solar thermal water pumping projects, solar water desalination, and even complete 'solar towns'. Painful but important lessons were learned from such failed projects. Now, sustainability is the focal point of a current rural electrification programme with renewable energy. As of this writing, over 24,000 individual home photovoltaic lighting systems have already been installed in different regions of Mexico; another 12,000 systems are estimated to have been installed in rural areas as a result of private commercial activities; seven village-size hybrid systems (photovoltaic-wind and photovoltaic-wind-diesel) have also been implemented. With this, the Mexican renewable energy rural electrification programme stands among the largest programmes of its kind in the world today. The question of the programme's sustainability has been a major concern at the Electrical Research Institute of Mexico (IIE), where activities have been under way since the start to lend it technical support. The lessons learned in the process will be discussed in this article. (author). 8 refs

Implantación de herramientas Lean Manufacturing en Trelleborg-Inepsa

OpenAIRE

Cildoz Esquíroz, Guillermo

2014-01-01

La compañía Trelleborg se puso como objetivo en el año 2013 implantar progresivamente en cada una de sus plantas la filosofía lean manufacturing. En concreto se propuso implantar la herramienta 5s en todas y cada una de las secciones de todas las plantas y completar un plan de mantenimiento TPM en una de sus líneas cada año. El objetivo de este proyecto fin de carrera es la elaboración y el desarrollo de un plan de acciones que permita implantar las diferentes herramientas “lea...

Let There Be Light: the Role of Electrification in Liberia's Post-Conflict Stabilization

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Whitaker, Rick

2007-07-01

Early in 2006, President Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf made re-electrification a cornerstone of Liberia's stabilization and redevelopment programs. After 14 years of civil war, there was no electric grid or commercial electricity in the country. The Liberia Electricity Corporation (LEC) was moribund, with no infrastructure or customers. An international donors group of Ghana, the EC, the World Bank, and USAID formulated a $7 million Emergency Power Program to restore power to parts of Monrovia. In four months, this group, with the active participation of GOL and LEC, imported generators, rebuilt distribution networks, and began commercial service. By the end of 2006, LEC was serving 280 customers and had achieved operational self-sufficiency. There were streetlights in the capital for the first time in years. A second phase, increasing generation and customers 5-fold, is underway. It is funded at $22 million by a donor group including Norway. At its conclusion, 70% of Monrovia's neighborhoods will have access to service. International private financing of a next phase is in the offing. Critical lessons offered: Electrification is central to post-conflict stabilization; Capacity development is as important as technology; Commercialization of electricity is required; and, Top level support is critical. (auth)

Multi-Range Conditional Random Field for Classifying Railway Electrification System Objects Using Mobile Laser Scanning Data

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jaewook Jung

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Railways have been used as one of the most crucial means of transportation in public mobility and economic development. For safe railway operation, the electrification system in the railway infrastructure, which supplies electric power to trains, is an essential facility for stable train operation. Due to its important role, the electrification system needs to be rigorously and regularly inspected and managed. This paper presents a supervised learning method to classify Mobile Laser Scanning (MLS data into ten target classes representing overhead wires, movable brackets and poles, which are key objects in the electrification system. In general, the layout of the railway electrification system shows strong spatial regularity relations among object classes. The proposed classifier is developed based on Conditional Random Field (CRF, which characterizes not only labeling homogeneity at short range, but also the layout compatibility between different object classes at long range in the probabilistic graphical model. This multi-range CRF model consists of a unary term and three pairwise contextual terms. In order to gain computational efficiency, MLS point clouds are converted into a set of line segments to which the labeling process is applied. Support Vector Machine (SVM is used as a local classifier considering only node features for producing the unary potentials of the CRF model. As the short-range pairwise contextual term, the Potts model is applied to enforce a local smoothness in the short-range graph; while long-range pairwise potentials are designed to enhance the spatial regularities of both horizontal and vertical layouts among railway objects. We formulate two long-range pairwise potentials as the log posterior probability obtained by the naive Bayes classifier. The directional layout compatibilities are characterized in probability look-up tables, which represent the co-occurrence rate of spatial relations in the horizontal and vertical

Herramientas colaborativas multiplataforma en la enseñanza de la ingeniería de software

OpenAIRE

Neil, Carlos; De Vincenzi, Marcelo; Battaglia, Nicolás; Martínez, Roxana

2016-01-01

En el uso de herramientas CASE (Computer Aided Software Engineering) como soporte de modelado para la enseñanza de la ingeniería de software, suelen utilizarse productos comerciales de uso profesional o herramientas de modelado de acceso libre no tan comunes en el mercado. Surge entonces la necesidad de contar con herramientas CASE que permitan asistir al alumno a adquirir y afianzar los contenidos académicos desarrollados dentro de un espacio que facilite tanto a sus pares como al docente co...

Revisión de herramientas aplicadas al modelamiento de mercados de electricidad

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sandra Milena Londoño Hernández

2009-09-01

Full Text Available La desregulación de los mercados de electricidad alrededor del mundo, en la búsqueda de la eficiencia, ha introducido compe- tencia en los sectores de comercialización y generación de energía. Por esta razón, ha adquirido gran importancia, para regula- dores y oferentes, estudiar la interacción de los agentes competitivos para analizar la evolución del mercado y definir adecuada- mente estrategias de ofertamiento. Por lo tanto, en los últimos años se han utilizado diferentes herramientas para modelar los mercados de electricidad competitivos; este artículo presenta una revisión analítica de la bibliografía encontrada en el tema, en la cual se presentan las herramientas más utilizadas, además de sus ventajas y desventajas. Para realizar este análisis se hicieron comparaciones entre los modelos utilizados en cada herramienta, identificando las principales características del mercado, tales como esquema de mercado, estructura de las ofertas, tipo de subasta, entre otras. De este análisis se concluye que el tipo de herramienta a utilizar depende en gran medida del objetivo y alcance que se busca con el estudio.

The participation of the sectors of electric energy consumption in a rural electrification cooperative; A participacao dos setores de consumo de energia eletrica em uma cooperativa de eletrificacao rural

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Higuchi, Cristiane Aparecida Pelegrin [Instituicao Toledo de Ensino (ITE), Bauru, SP (Brazil). Fac. de Ciencias Contabeis], e-mail: cristiane.higuchi@itelefonica.com.br; Siqueira, Jair Antonio Cruz [UNESP, Botucatu, SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Ciencias Agronomicas. Curso de Pos-Graduacao em Energia na Agricultura], e-mail: jairsiqueira@fca.unesp.br; Seraphim, Odivaldo Jose [UNESP, Botucatu, SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Ciencias Agronomicas. Dept. de Engenharia Rural], e-mail: seraphim@fca.unesp.br; Ielo, Frederico G. de Paula F. [Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, PR (Brazil). Dept. de Informatica

2004-07-01

This work had the objective of to evaluate the behavior of the electrical energy distribution in a Rural Electrification Cooperative, placed inside the State of Sao Paulo, embracing the region of the county of Itai, Avare and Paranapanema. Were appraised the electric energy distribution data of the Rural Electrification Cooperative of Itai, Avare and Paranapanema - CERIPA, during the years of 2000, 2001 and 2002. Was evaluated the sale of energy evolution, clearance evolution, general load factor and the electrical distribution for consumer type. The found results allowed to end that the Rural electrification Cooperative, show a good electric energy distribution in residential, rural and irrigation sectors. (author)

Electrification pathways for Kenya-linking spatial electrification analysis and medium to long term energy planning

Science.gov (United States)

Moksnes, Nandi; Korkovelos, Alexandros; Mentis, Dimitrios; Howells, Mark

2017-09-01

In September 2015 UN announced 17 Sustainable Development goals (SDG) from which goal number 7 envisions universal access to modern energy services for all by 2030. In Kenya only about 46% of the population currently has access to electricity. This paper analyses hypothetical scenarios, and selected implications, investigating pathways that would allow the country to reach its electrification targets by 2030. Two modelling tools were used for the purposes of this study, namely OnSSET and OSeMOSYS. The tools were soft-linked in order to capture both the spatial and temporal dynamics of their nature. Two electricity demand scenarios were developed representing low and high end user consumption goals respectively. Indicatively, results show that geothermal, coal, hydro and natural gas would consist the optimal energy mix for the centralized national grid. However, in the case of the low demand scenario a high penetration of stand-alone systems is evident in the country, reaching out to approximately 47% of the electrified population. Increasing end user consumption leads to a shift in the optimal technology mix, with higher penetration of mini-grid technologies and grid extension.

Herramientas para comprender la diversidad en la escuela y la comunidad

OpenAIRE

Heras, Ana Inés; Holstein, Adriana

2004-01-01

Este trabajo presenta herramientas para analizar el fenómeno social que se produce cuando se encuentran personas de distintos orígenes geográficos, culturales y económico /sociales. Al tomar este eje para nuestro trabajo, proponemos el siguiente interrogante: ¿qué herramientas de análisis aportan dos disciplinas de las ciencias sociales, la etnografía y la sociolingüística, para comprender el fenómeno en ámbitos educativos? A través de esta pregunta planteamos una mirada crítica sobre lo que ...

Herramientas Bio-inspiradas en ingeniería y seres vivos

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José Jesús Martínez Páez

2000-01-01

Full Text Available Se presentan las características de los seres vivos con sus definiciones, parámetros ideales para guiar al ingeniero en el diseño y producción de bienes. Se plantea el modelo POE como un sistema cartesiano de tres ejes donde se desarrolla la vida en sus niveles: filogenia, ontogenia y epigenesis. Luego se toma el mismo modelo pero con las herramientas bio-inspiradas que los representan, para llegar a la "Vida Artificial". Posteriormente se entra a mirar el AC de Langton. Por último se presentan las conclusiones que ligan los seres vivos con las herramientas bioinspiradas.

Pv rural electrification programme at the Bolivian high plateau

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lorenzo, E.; Aguilera, J. [Instituto de Energia Solar, ETSI Telecomunicacion, (Spain)

1995-12-31

Since 1988 the Institute of Solar Energy of the Universidad Politecnica de Madrid is carrying out a pv rural electrification programme at the Bolivian high plateau. This programme has been focused in three aspects: the domestic electrification, users participation and transfer technology. At present, there are about 1,500 electrified dwellings distributed in the Bolivian high plateau. We have got deep knowledge about life style and organization of the aymara Indians who are the inhabitants of the working zone. We think that this knowledge can be very useful for a large scale introduction of PV solar energy in this region. Finally, we present a new way to transfer PV technology to developing countries. Thanks to this programme a group of aymara Indians is able to manufacture charge regulators and electronic ballast to use in the PV installations of the programme. [Espanol] Desde 1988 el Instituto de Energia Solar de la Universidad Politecnica de Madrid esta llevando a cabo un programa fotovoltaico de electrificacion rural en la altiplanicie Boliviana. Este programa ha sido enfocado a tres aspectos: la electrificacion domestica, la participacion de los usuarios y la transferencia de la tecnologia. Actualmente, hay alrededor de 1500 conjuntos habitacionales electrificados distribuidos en la altiplanicie Boliviana. Hemos obtenido un profundo conocimiento del estilo de vida y de la organizacion de los indios aymara que son los habitantes de la zona de trabajo. Pensamos que este conocimiento puede ser muy util para una introduccion en gran escala de la energia solar fotovoltaica en esta region. Finalmente, presentamos una nueva forma de transferir la tecnologia fotovoltaica a paises en desarrollo. Gracias a este programa un grupo de indios aymara pueden fabricar reguladores de carga y balastros electronicos para ser usados en instalaciones fotovoltaicas del programa.

Pv rural electrification programme at the Bolivian high plateau

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lorenzo, E; Aguilera, J [Instituto de Energia Solar, ETSI Telecomunicacion, (Spain)

1996-12-31

Since 1988 the Institute of Solar Energy of the Universidad Politecnica de Madrid is carrying out a pv rural electrification programme at the Bolivian high plateau. This programme has been focused in three aspects: the domestic electrification, users participation and transfer technology. At present, there are about 1,500 electrified dwellings distributed in the Bolivian high plateau. We have got deep knowledge about life style and organization of the aymara Indians who are the inhabitants of the working zone. We think that this knowledge can be very useful for a large scale introduction of PV solar energy in this region. Finally, we present a new way to transfer PV technology to developing countries. Thanks to this programme a group of aymara Indians is able to manufacture charge regulators and electronic ballast to use in the PV installations of the programme. [Espanol] Desde 1988 el Instituto de Energia Solar de la Universidad Politecnica de Madrid esta llevando a cabo un programa fotovoltaico de electrificacion rural en la altiplanicie Boliviana. Este programa ha sido enfocado a tres aspectos: la electrificacion domestica, la participacion de los usuarios y la transferencia de la tecnologia. Actualmente, hay alrededor de 1500 conjuntos habitacionales electrificados distribuidos en la altiplanicie Boliviana. Hemos obtenido un profundo conocimiento del estilo de vida y de la organizacion de los indios aymara que son los habitantes de la zona de trabajo. Pensamos que este conocimiento puede ser muy util para una introduccion en gran escala de la energia solar fotovoltaica en esta region. Finalmente, presentamos una nueva forma de transferir la tecnologia fotovoltaica a paises en desarrollo. Gracias a este programa un grupo de indios aymara pueden fabricar reguladores de carga y balastros electronicos para ser usados en instalaciones fotovoltaicas del programa.

Herramientas para evaluar la sostenibilidad de las intervenciones urbanas en barrios

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Simón-Rojo, M.

2011-10-01

Full Text Available Integrating assessment tools in the decision making process of urban design may contribute to tackle the defining challenges of sustainability that our cities face. The research works on practical tools to compare alternatives taking into account sustainability criteria that incorporate quantitative as well as qualitative assessment. Effective assessment tools that take into account socioeconomic criteria are required to push forward integrated urban planning policies that can shape interventions at neighbourhood scale. This paper presents the conclusions after the review of assessment tools available in the European context. These tools are focussed mainly on delivering reports and guidelines, list of indicators and best practices; besides those reports, also some methodologies and specific technologies have been developed. Nevertheless there is a lack of practical, useful and open source tools to assess urban sustainability of urban small scale interventions.

El empleo en la planificación y en el diseño de intervenciones de mejora urbana, de herramientas que permitan comparar alternativas con criterios de sostenibilidad, contribuiría a afrontar algunos de los retos fundamentales a los que se enfrentan nuestras ciudades. Desde la Unión Europea se aboga por políticas urbanas integrales. Para lograrlas sería recomendable contar con herramientas de evaluación adecuadas, que incorporen los aspectos socioeconómicos y se puedan aplicar en la escala de barrio. El artículo presenta las conclusiones de la revisión de herramientas para evaluar la sostenibilidad urbana en el contexto europeo. Estas herramientas aportan sobre todo informes, guías, indicadores y buenas prácticas. En algún caso se han desarrollado metodologías y tecnologías específicas. A pesar de la gran cantidad de recursos públicos invertidos, sigue habiendo una carencia de herramientas prácticas, útiles y de código abierto que permitan evaluar la

Vanuatu, the country of rural decentralized electrification

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Maigne, Y.; Molli, L.

1998-01-01

The status of decentralized rural electrification in Vanuatu was presented. Vanuatu is a sparsely populated rural country in the south Pacific. The country includes 92 populated islands spread over 1,000 kilometers in the south Pacific, halfway between Fiji and Australia. The low population density and the tremendous distances between the different islands have made local electrical networks a necessity in Vanuatu. Apart from the two principal urban centres, Vanuatu does not have a centralized electrical distribution network. In the early 1990s the government initiated a program to provide independent power sources to the isolated communities. Photovoltaic cells are used to power most telecommunications services. Solar cells are also used to provide power to important community buildings such as the schools or nursing stations on the remote islands. Two small hydroelectric generating stations of 600 kW were also installed with the help of the German government

Social media y comercio electrónico. Pinterest como nueva herramienta comunicacional

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Joan Francesc Fondevila Gascón

2013-05-01

Full Text Available Internet ha puesto al alcance de la sociedad las herramientas necesarias para convertir al individuo en un usuario activo. La tecnología ha transformado la forma lineal y rígida en la que se recibía la información, para dar paso a un flujo de contenidos hipertextual y bidireccional. Esta investigación cualitativa pretende vislumbrar si la red social Pinterest podría actuar como una herramienta comunicacional para fomentar el comercio electrónico. Hemos estudiado la percepción de los internautas sobre esta red social. De esta manera, a través de la observación online y de la entrevista en profundidad virtual, bajo el método de comparación constante de la teoría fundamentada, concluimos que los internautas perciben a Pinterest más como herramienta comunicacional que de e-commerce.

HERRAMIENTA PARA EVALUAR LA GESTIÓN DE RESIDUOS HOSPITALARIOS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luis Carlos Riofrío Cortés

2016-01-01

Full Text Available En esta investigación se evaluó la gestión de los residuos hospitalarios en una clínica privada de tercer nivel de complejidad de la ciudad de Cali, mediante el uso de una herramienta ponderada por un panel de expertos, basada en las normas colombianas y las recomendaciones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud para la gestión de los residuos hospitalarios. La herramienta evaluó la producción de residuos, la operatividad, capacitación y cumplimiento de compromisos de los involucrados en la gestión. Se diagnosticó previamente la gestión de los residuos en la clínica, se diseñó una herramienta en Excel, y se aplicó mensualmente entre los meses de junio y septiembre de 2013. Los resultados mensuales de la medición facilitaron la identificación de las fallas en la gestión y orientaron la toma de decisiones a los responsables, lo que permitió incrementar la fracción de residuos reciclables en 3%, reducir los residuos comunes en 2,4% y los peligrosos en 0,6%. Se redujo la producción de residuos en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, de 3,87 kg/cama/día en junio, a 3,5 kg/cama/día en septiembre, y en hospitalización de 1,33 kg/ cama/día a 1,25 kg/cama/día. La evaluación mensual de la gestión de estos residuos con el uso de la herramienta, permitió la identificación puntual de las fallas en la producción de residuos, el componente operativo, el programa de capacitaciones y el cumplimiento de compromisos por parte de los responsables de la gestión, lo cual entregó información valiosa para apoyar la toma de decisiones en busca de mejorar su desempeño.

Decarbonising the energy intensive basic materials industry through electrification – Implications for future EU electricity demand

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lechtenböhmer, Stefan; Nilsson, Lars J.; Åhman, Max; Schneider, Clemens

2016-01-01

The need for deep decarbonisation in the energy intensive basic materials industry is increasingly recognised. In light of the vast future potential for renewable electricity the implications of electrifying the production of basic materials in the European Union is explored in a what-if thought-experiment. Production of steel, cement, glass, lime, petrochemicals, chlorine and ammonia required 125 TW-hours of electricity and 851 TW-hours of fossil fuels for energetic purposes and 671 TW-hours of fossil fuels as feedstock in 2010. The resulting carbon dioxide emissions were equivalent to 9% of total greenhouse gas emissions in EU28. A complete shift of the energy demand as well as the resource base of feedstocks to electricity would result in an electricity demand of 1713 TW-hours about 1200 TW-hours of which would be for producing hydrogen and hydrocarbons for feedstock and energy purposes. With increased material efficiency and some share of bio-based materials and biofuels the electricity demand can be much lower. Our analysis suggest that electrification of basic materials production is technically possible but could have major implications on how the industry and the electric systems interact. It also entails substantial changes in relative prices for electricity and hydrocarbon fuels. - Highlights: • Energy intensive basic materials industry has a high share in EU greenhouse gas emissions. • Decarbonising these industries is very important, but still relatively unexplored. • Electrification is possible regarding renewable energy resources and technologies. • Combination with energy and materials efficiency, biofuels and CCS is crucial. • Electrification needs very high amounts of electricity and strong policies.

Multiscale assessment of progress of electrification in Indonesia based on brightness level derived from nighttime satellite imagery.

Science.gov (United States)

Ramdani, Fatwa; Setiani, Putri

2017-06-01

Availability of electricity can be used as an indicator to proximate parameters related to human well-being. Overall, the electrification process in Indonesia has been accelerating in the past two decades. Unfortunately, monitoring the country's progress on its effort to provide wider access to electricity poses challenges due to inconsistency of data provided by each national bureau, and limited availability of information. This study attempts to provide a reliable measure by employing nighttime satellite imagery to observe and to map the progress of electrification within a duration of 20 years, from 1993 to 2013. Brightness of 67,021 settlement-size points in 1993, 2003, and 2013 was assessed using data from DMSP/OLS instruments to study the electrification progress in the three service regions (Sumatera, Java-Bali, and East Indonesia) of the country's public electricity company, PLN. Observation of all service areas shows that the increase in brightness, which correspond with higher electricity development and consumption, has positive correlation with both population density (R 2  = 0.70) and urban change (R 2  = 0.79). Moreover, urban change has a stronger correlation with brightness, which is probably due to the high energy consumption in urban area per capita. This study also found that the brightness in Java-Bali region is very dominant, while the brightness in other areas has been lagging during the period of analysis. The slow development of electricity infrastructure, particularly in major parts of East Indonesia region, affects the low economic growth in some areas and formed vicious cycle.

Herramienta Web Ligera para La Programación en C-Concurrente

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pablo Basanta-Val

2013-10-01

Full Text Available Resumen: El uso de herramientas a la hora de enseñar una determinada disciplina aporta múltiples beneficios desde el punto de vista de la actividad docente pues permite enfatizar o ilustrar determinados cuestiones que a veces resultan difíciles de enfatizar sin tal apoyo. Ese es también el caso de las herramientas que permiten detectar si ha habido algún tipo de problema en un programa escrito en C- concurrente. Dichas herramientas ofrecen interfaces que pueden complementar la información dada por un compilador con información adicional sobre diferentes tipos de condiciones de carrera o fugas de memoria que aparecen en el código. El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo ver cómo se ha integrado un núcleo de validación para C ya existente como aplicación web, lo que le permite estar accesible a través de la red. Dicha herramienta ha sido evaluada en un curso de programación ya existente, donde ha mostrado que es capaz aportar información adicional de utilidad para el discente y el docente. También se han realizado una serie de mediciones de rendimiento para establecer los límites operativos de la herramienta diseñada dentro de los límites de una asignatura donde se enseña C concurrente. Abstract: Tools for computer-aided teaching and learning provide multiple benefits from the point of view of teaching because it allows emphasizing or illustrating certain issues that are sometimes difficult to emphasize without such type of support. This is exactly the case for the tools to detect if there is any type of problem in a concurrent-C program. These tools provide interfaces that can complement the information given by a compiler with additional information about different types of race conditions and memory leaks that appear in the code. This article aims to address how to integrate a core validation tools for concurrent-C as a web application, allowing you to be accessible through the Internet. This tool has been evaluated in an

A method multi criterio to evaluate projects of rural electrification

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gonzalez Posse, E.

1994-01-01

In this document about the problem of the evaluation projects methodologies in rural electrification.The low analysis problem is of complex nature, because each project is evaluation object and an economic agent. One of these agents identifies different benefits and cost, and also has a different approaches for value them.In consequence, the form in that it is carried out the evaluation of the one project for each one of this agents that it is usually solved for mechanisms linked to the capacity of incidence or of determination of each one of them, this does not assures a satisfactory results for the general interest

Desarrollo de una Herramienta de Validación/Importación para Magento

OpenAIRE

Carrascal Hernández, Javier

2013-01-01

El proyecto consiste en el desarrollo de una herramienta de importación/actualización de productos de forma masiva para tiendas e-commerce de Magento. Utilizando como base la herramienta existente MAGMI (Open Source), se desea obtener una aplicación más robusta y rápida, que permita que la importación de productos pueda realizarse de forma segura por personas sin conocimientos técnicos.

Decentralized electrification of an isolated town by means of photovoltaic solar energy; Electrificacion descentralizada de una poblacion aislada mediante energia solar fotovoltaica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Horn, Manfred [Universidad Nacional de Energia, Lima (Peru)

1997-12-31

The insular community of Taquile in the Titicaca Lake is performing a pilot project of domiciliary electrification with photovoltaic systems. The project wants to evaluate the feasibility of a basic rural electrification with photovoltaic systems based in private initiatives, under the frame of the free market economy, in vogue in Peru. [Espanol] En la comunidad insular de Taquile en el Lago Titicaca se esta ejecutando un proyecto piloto de electrificacion domiciliaria con sistemas fotovoltaicos. El proyecto quiere evaluar la posibilidad de una electrificacion rural basica con sistemas fotovoltaicos en base a iniciativas privadas, dentro del marco de la economia de mercado libre, vigente en el Peru.

Decentralized electrification of an isolated town by means of photovoltaic solar energy; Electrificacion descentralizada de una poblacion aislada mediante energia solar fotovoltaica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Horn, Manfred [Universidad Nacional de Energia, Lima (Peru)

1998-12-31

The insular community of Taquile in the Titicaca Lake is performing a pilot project of domiciliary electrification with photovoltaic systems. The project wants to evaluate the feasibility of a basic rural electrification with photovoltaic systems based in private initiatives, under the frame of the free market economy, in vogue in Peru. [Espanol] En la comunidad insular de Taquile en el Lago Titicaca se esta ejecutando un proyecto piloto de electrificacion domiciliaria con sistemas fotovoltaicos. El proyecto quiere evaluar la posibilidad de una electrificacion rural basica con sistemas fotovoltaicos en base a iniciativas privadas, dentro del marco de la economia de mercado libre, vigente en el Peru.

Low-carbon off-grid electrification for rural areas in the United Kingdom: Lessons from the developing world

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yadoo, Annabel; Gormally, Alexandra; Cruickshank, Heather

2011-01-01

Low-carbon off-grid electrification for rural areas is becoming increasingly popular in the United Kingdom. However, many developing countries have been electrifying their rural areas in this way for decades. Case study fieldwork in Nepal and findings from United Kingdom based research will be used to examine how developed nations can learn from the experience of developing countries with regard to the institutional environment and delivery approach adopted in renewable energy off-grid rural electrification. A clearer institutional framework and more direct external assistance during project development are advised. External coordinators should also engage the community in a mobilization process a priori to help alleviate internal conflicts of interest that could later impede a project. - Highlights: → Development of community renewable energy projects in the UK is commended. → The UK can benefit from the experience of successful programmes in Nepal. → A clearer institutional framework and more direct external assistance is required. → External coordinators should engage the community in a mobilization process.

Acuaponía: Herramienta educativa para el aprendizaje transversal de las ciencias

OpenAIRE

Jiménez, Alberto

2016-01-01

Una de las mayores problemáticas para el aprendizaje de las ciencias es la falta de experimentación vivencial, es decir una herramienta educativa transversal que permita que las materias como Física, Química, Matemática y Biología se complementen entre sí en un modelo experimental, es por ello que la Acuaponía puede ser este modelo que sirva para el aprendizaje de las materias ya mencionadas.La finalidad de este artículo es presentar los alcances de una herramienta educativa para el aprendiza...

Effect of contact deformation on contact electrification: a first-principles calculation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang, Yuanyue; Shao, Tianmin

2013-01-01

The effect of contact deformation on contact electrification of metallic materials was studied by the first-principles method. The results of charge population and the densities of states of the deformed contact models demonstrated that the magnitude of the transferred charge increased with deformation. The mechanism of the effect of deformation was investigated by studying the electronic properties of the deformed surface slabs. The results showed that crystal deformation led to a change in the electrostatic potential of the metal, where the number of nearly free electrons and unoccupied orbitals for charge transfer increased, and their energy barrier decreased. (paper)

Geographical Information Systems and the Integration of Renewable Energies in the Electrification of Rural Communities. Case Study: Electrification of the Cuban Municipality of Guama; Aplicacion de los Sistemas de Informacion Geografica a la Integracion de las Energias Renovables en la Produccion de Electricidad en las Comunidades Rurales. Caso de Estudio: Electrificacion del Municipio Cubano de Guama

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pinedo Pascua, I

2007-09-27

The rural electrification analysis of Guama municipality is based on the use of Geographical Information System (GIS) to define the best way of electrification using level electric cost (LEG) criterion to meet a particular demand. Applying SOLARGIS methodology, conventional and renewable energy technologies are compared in every non-electrified community. The analysis considers the social and geographical particularities of the area and shows a very high potential of remote sites to be electrified by means of photovoltaic systems. (Author) 43 refs.

The solar energy photovoltaic one option to the Cuban rural electrification

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Alabart, J. A. [Centro de Investigaciones de Energia Solar (CIES), (Cuba); Friedman, D. [ECOSOL (COPEXTELL S. A.), (Cuba); Ramos, R.; Moreira, J.; Batista, I.; Garcia, R.; Rodriguez, M. [Centro de Investigaciones de Energia Solar (CIES), (Cuba)

1995-12-31

This paper analyzes the work done in Cuba over the last years in the field of photovoltaic, from its R and D and Industrial capacities to the Rural Electrification Program. Based on this work a Development Program for the PV industry is proposed, which is defected towards the integration of all necessary factors that will ensure a sustainable Rural Electrification Program. This program is divided in 5 main stages: 1. Import of solar cells and other elements for the assembly in Cuba of modules and diverse system components (1995-2005). 2. Production of solar cells from imported wafers (1997-2005). 3. Production of monocrystalline silicon wafers from imported plycrystalline silicon (1998-2005). 4. Production of polycrystalline silicon from Cuban silica sand (2000-2005). 5. Development and introduction of new technologies for the production of solar cells (2000-2005). The combination of the PV Development program and the Rural Electrification program will guarantee the supply of electricity to 100% of the Cuban population, and at same time accelerate the technological, industrial and research infrastructure on which a large scale national PV industry would be supported. The implementation of such a program would also make cost on the National Electrical Grid (NEG), avoiding the need for new generation facilities based on fossil fuels. [Espanol] Este articulo analiza el trabajo hecho en Cuba durante los ultimos anos en el campo de los fotovoltaicos, desde su Investigacion y Desarrollo y capacidades Industriales, hasta el Programa de Electrificacion Rural. Basado en este trabajo se propone un Programa de Desarrollo para la industria de PV que esta dirigido hacia la integracion de todos los factores necesarios que aseguraran un Programa de Electrificacion sostenido. Este programa esta dividido en 5 principales etapas: 1. Importacion de celdas solares y otros elementos para el ensamblado en Cuba de modulos y diversos componentes del sistema (1995-2005); 2. Produccion de

The solar energy photovoltaic one option to the Cuban rural electrification

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Alabart, J A [Centro de Investigaciones de Energia Solar (CIES), (Cuba); Friedman, D [ECOSOL (COPEXTELL S. A.), (Cuba); Ramos, R; Moreira, J; Batista, I; Garcia, R; Rodriguez, M [Centro de Investigaciones de Energia Solar (CIES), (Cuba)

1996-12-31

This paper analyzes the work done in Cuba over the last years in the field of photovoltaic, from its R and D and Industrial capacities to the Rural Electrification Program. Based on this work a Development Program for the PV industry is proposed, which is defected towards the integration of all necessary factors that will ensure a sustainable Rural Electrification Program. This program is divided in 5 main stages: 1. Import of solar cells and other elements for the assembly in Cuba of modules and diverse system components (1995-2005). 2. Production of solar cells from imported wafers (1997-2005). 3. Production of monocrystalline silicon wafers from imported plycrystalline silicon (1998-2005). 4. Production of polycrystalline silicon from Cuban silica sand (2000-2005). 5. Development and introduction of new technologies for the production of solar cells (2000-2005). The combination of the PV Development program and the Rural Electrification program will guarantee the supply of electricity to 100% of the Cuban population, and at same time accelerate the technological, industrial and research infrastructure on which a large scale national PV industry would be supported. The implementation of such a program would also make cost on the National Electrical Grid (NEG), avoiding the need for new generation facilities based on fossil fuels. [Espanol] Este articulo analiza el trabajo hecho en Cuba durante los ultimos anos en el campo de los fotovoltaicos, desde su Investigacion y Desarrollo y capacidades Industriales, hasta el Programa de Electrificacion Rural. Basado en este trabajo se propone un Programa de Desarrollo para la industria de PV que esta dirigido hacia la integracion de todos los factores necesarios que aseguraran un Programa de Electrificacion sostenido. Este programa esta dividido en 5 principales etapas: 1. Importacion de celdas solares y otros elementos para el ensamblado en Cuba de modulos y diversos componentes del sistema (1995-2005); 2. Produccion de

Performance of small-scale photovoltaic systems and their potential for rural electrification in Ethiopia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Stutenbaeumer, Ulrich; Negash, Tesfaye; Abdi, Amensisa [Addis Ababa Univ., Dept. of Physics, Addis Ababa (Ethiopia)

1999-09-01

The performance of small-scale stand-alone photovoltaic systems is tested under the climatic conditions of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. With climatic data obtained at a station in the Rift Valley, the photovoltaic systems performance is estimated for those climatic conditions. The economics of small-scale stand-alone photovoltaic system applications under Ethiopian conditions are analysed. The potential of photovoltaics for the rural electrification of Ethiopia is discussed. (Author)

Metodología para valorar y clasificar herramientas de evaluación de accesibilidad web

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Javier López-Zambrano

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Teniendo en cuenta que la accesibilidad Web es el arte de garantizar que los portales de la Internet puedan ser visitados y utilizados de forma satisfactoria por el mayor número posible de personas, es imprescindible evaluar sus contenidos empleando las herramientas adecuadas; por tal razón, esta investigación tiene como objetivo presentar un modelo metodológico para valorar estas herramientas automáticas y seleccionar, entre las existentes, las que tienen más criterios, contemplados en la WCAG 2.0. El modelo propuesto comprende una metodología cíclica y se denomina IPAC, por las siglas en inglés de sus cuatro etapas: Inspect-Plan-Assess-Categorize, que pretenden categorizar y/o recategorizar las herramientas de evaluación de accesibilidad Web, cuyas funciones incorporadas son cambiantes en el tiempo. La validación realizada de este modelo en julio de 2017 de dio como resultado la categorización de las cinco mejores herramientas de licencia libre por cada nivel de conformidad (A, AA y AAA.

The role of Decentralized Distributed Generation in achieving universal rural electrification in South Asia by 2030

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Narula, Kapil; Nagai, Yu; Pachauri, Shonali

2012-01-01

This study is motivated by the goal of achieving ‘Universal Energy Access’ by 2030 and looks at electricity access for rural households in the South Asian region. The ‘MESSAGE-Access’ model is employed to assess the cost effectiveness of centralized and Decentralized Distributed Generation (DDG) technologies. Delivery mechanisms are modelled to include mini-grid and stand-alone systems and the analysis includes an estimation of rural household electricity demand from lighting and appliances. We assume two future demand scenarios with a ‘minimum threshold’ and a ‘higher threshold’ of electricity consumption of 65 and 420 kW h per household per year, respectively. We find that the cost of delivering electricity by centralized generation and grid distribution is up to four times the cost of stand-alone and mini-grid DDG options in the case of ‘minimum threshold’ demand scenario. These results are robust to alternate assumptions regarding costs of technologies. We also estimate that public subsidy bill for kerosene can be substantially reduced if all households switch to electricity as their primary source of lighting. Thus, promoting DDG options can reduce capital investments needed to meet access goals significantly and have an important role to play, in meeting the goal of universal electrification by 2030. - Highlights: ► We model and assess DDG options for rural electrification in South Asia. ► Particularly, when demand is low, off-grid and mini-grid are least cost options for electrification. ► DDG options can be 3–4 times cheaper than extending a central grid. ► Kerosene lighting is up to 6 times as expensive as electric lighting. ► If electricity replaces kerosene for lighting, large subsidy savings can be realized.

Evaluación de la wiki como herramienta de trabajo colaborativo en la docencia universitaria

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marisela Montenegro

2010-01-01

Full Text Available La herramienta wiki se está consolidando como una herramienta de trabajo colaborativo y colectivo que tiene su máxima expresión en el desarrollo de la wikipedia. La herramienta wiki consiste en una página virtual para la escritura colaborativa, en la cual cada una de las personas que participa puede ir añadiendo y cambiando los contenidos de la página. Esta herramienta permite recoger el proceso de construcción del texto, visualizando las formas de trabajo de los estudiantes, guardando un historial de las diferentes versiones y las aportaciones realizadas por cada participante. El uso de esta herramienta pone de manifiesto que la interacción e interdependencia en la creación colectiva necesita de diferentes elementos de soporte a fin de que la deseada interacción se produzca. Entre los aspectos a incidir resaltan la necesidad de reconocer y dar valor al trabajo del otro, al mismo tiempo que se desarrolla una concepción compartida de la autoría que ofrece la suficiente seguridad para modificar el trabajo que otra persona ha realizado. Esta herramienta virtual ha sido implementada en varias asignaturas de la Licenciatura de Psicología de la UAB -como por ejemplo "Psicología Social de la Comunicación", "Prácticum interno" o "Prácticas de Psicología Social: Cultura y conocimiento", mediante una plataforma virtual de trabajo hecha con Moodle. Los docentes diseñaron los espacios virtuales a partir de los objetivos del programa de las asignaturas y cada uno de los grupos de trabajo tuvo su propia página para el desarrollo del trabajo a lo largo del semestre. Además, se han implementado espacios presenciales de seguimiento de las tareas de los estudiantes. En este capítulo se describe el proceso seguido, poniendo como ejemplo algunas de estas asignaturas. Se describen las diferentes opciones implementadas, se muestran los hitos conseguidos en el uso de esta herramienta y se reflexiona sobre las implicaciones de su uso para los

Ante la brecha digital: El cine comunitariocomo herramienta de educación

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adriana Kong Montoya

2016-01-01

Full Text Available El acceso a las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TIC es limitado por la brecha digital. Se genera una desigualdad de acceso a la información que influye en el desarrollo de la educación. Se habla también de una brecha cognitiva que interviene en diferentes manifestaciones y dinámicas sociales. Las herramientas de comunicación en la sociedad se ven limitadas a algunos segmentos reducidos de la población. La producción audiovisual se limita a algunos usuarios y esto genera productos que no reflejan a una comunidad en su totalidad. El cine comunitario posee las características que favorecen el desarrollo de la identidad, la visibilizarían de problemas y el acceso de las comunidades a herramientas de las TIC. Esta forma de producción surge como respuesta de una responsabilidad social y funciona como herramienta alternativa para combatir las sociedades marginadas por la brecha digital.

Stochastic Impact Assessment of the Heating and Transportation Systems Electrification on LV grids

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mendaza, Iker Diaz de Cerio; Bak-Jensen, Birgitte; Chen, Zhe

2014-01-01

According to the new energy policy agreements, a conceptual and technological re-structuration of the Danish energy sector is expected. One of the key points for its successful implementation is the partial electrification of the heating and transportation systems. This fact, which reflects an en....... As a case study, a typical Danish low voltage grid is considered. The results obtained, using DIgSILENT PowerFactory, show that sometimes the hosting capability of these networks may be poor for the integration levels expected....

Metodología y herramientas de costeo en ingeniería del conocimiento

OpenAIRE

Pollo Cattaneo, María Florencia; Amatriain, Hernán Guillermo; Rodríguez, D.; Britos, Paola Verónica; García Martínez, Ramón

2009-01-01

La finalidad de este proyecto es la de generar una metodología, con las técnicas y herramientas correspondientes; para brindar información relativa al costo de desarrollo de un Sistema Experto. En base a la propuesta, los CIO (Chief Information Officer) podrán abordar proyectos de estas características en forma comparable a lo que hacen, en la actualidad, con el desarrollo de software tradicional. Estimar permite anticiparse y proyectarse de mejor manera. El desarrollo de herramientas de cost...

Smart control for minimizing distribution network reinforcement cost due to electrification

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pudjianto, Danny; Djapic, Predrag; Aunedi, Marko; Gan, Chin Kim; Strbac, Goran; Huang, Sikai; Infield, David

2013-01-01

Electrification of transport fleets and heating sectors is seen as one of the key strategies to further reduce the use of fossil fuels and the resulting greenhouse gas emissions. However, it will potentially cause a significant increase of electricity peak demand and have adverse consequences on the electricity system, in particular on distribution networks. This paper will address the benefits of various applications of smart network control and demand response technologies for enhancing the integration of these future load categories, and for improvements in operation management and efficient use of distribution network assets. A range of numerical simulations have been carried out on different distribution network topologies (rural and urban networks) to identify the need and the cost of network reinforcement required to accommodate future load under various operating strategies such as Business as Usual (passive demand and passive network) against the smart grid approach. Applications of smart Plug-in vehicle (PiV) charging, smart heat pumps, and optimised control of network voltage regulators to reduce network investment have been studied, and selected key results of our studies on evaluating the benefits of implementing these technologies for Great Britain's distribution networks are presented and discussed in this paper. - Highlights: ► Growth of electricity loads driven by electrification of transport and heat will be significant. ► It will increase the electricity peak demand up to 2–3 times and cost tens of billion pounds if we maintain Business as Usual approach. ► A coordinated application of smart demand technologies can significantly reduce this cost. ► It requires sets of policies and regulations to facilitate timely deployment of such technologies.

Weibo: La herramienta del cambio

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Patricia Castro-Obando

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Este artículo se concentra en la plataforma digital por excelencia, que está cambiando la dinámica de la distribución de la información en China: Weibo. Se trata de un servicio de microblogging local, con características similares al Twitter pero adaptado al consumidor chino y a las regulaciones gubernamentales. En un país que controla los medios de comunicación, Weibo genera un nuevo formato para difundir noticias, ponerlas en la agenda nacional y bloquear hasta la propia censura. La herramienta está en manos de 513 millones de internautas chinos.

Herramienta para el desarrollo de cuestionarios Interactivos de aprendizajes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yunior Portilla-Rodríguez

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Se describen acciones surgidas ante la contradicción entre la cercana migración hacia el sistema operativo (SO Linux y el necesario aprovechamiento de la experiencia acumulada en el desarrollo de softwares educativos sobre Windows, que tuvieron como objetivo la elaboración de una herramienta que posibilite el desarrollo de Cuestionarios Interactivos de Aprendizaje en los SO Windows y Linux a un costo cero de programación. La herramienta permite el montaje de diferentes tipologías de ejercicios interactivos (selección simple y múltiple, verdadero o falso, completar espacios en blanco, enlazar, arrastrar, armar, ordenar y seleccionar textos, para la WEB y retroalimentaciones en diferentes formatos (textos, voz, imágenes fijas, en movimiento y vídeos. Actualmente se está utilizando en el desarrollo de las aplicaciones multiplataformas y Open Source del MINED, en la versión on-line de las colecciones El Navegante y Futuro.

Renewable energy for rural electrification in Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chaer, R.; Zeballos, R.

1994-01-01

The analysis of the possibility of application of the eolic technologies is presented and for the electrification of small rural consumers in the Uruguay, comparing them with the alternative of being connected to the National electric net using the but economic of the systems with return for earth. It was carried out to summary of the existent alternatives in both technologies and it builds to shammer to evaluates it the generation cost and with to classification, for consumption level, of the potential users, it can make to Map of the Uruguay that allows to guide on the solution to adopt according to the consumption level, the distance to the National electric net and according to the characteristics of the wind in the geographical location of the location. All the systems were evaluated on a base of 20 year-old operation keeping in mind the replacements of the materials whose useful life is inferior. In this work, the results of the studies are presented and the followed methodology is shown on a concrete example

Geographic Information Technologies for Rural Electrification with Renewable Energies. Case Study: Carchi, Ecuador; Tecnologias de Informacion Geografica para la Electrificacion Rural con Energias Renovables. Caso de Estudio: Carchi, Ecuador

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Martinez Sarmiento, R. A.; Dominguez Bravo, J.; Amador Guerra, J.

2013-07-01

This project started as an educational exercise for the Renewable Energy and Environment Master, taught by the Polytechnic University of Madrid, with the purpose of analyze in a real context GIS application in rural electrification with renewable energies. It was developed in collaboration with CIEMAT, INEC, INAMHI , CONELEC and the UPM. The final aim is to define the technology that suits best to Car chi's electrification needs. This improvement will make possible the sustainable development of the population. In order to compare electrification technologies to decide which is the most suitable to Carchi, using IntiGIS model, will be required a geographic resources analysis, a population distribution and an electricity demand study. Also, it will be necessary to establish the technical parameters of the facility and economic factors that could affect the study. (Author)

Virtual C: Una Herramienta Para Administración de Contenidos en Sitios Web

OpenAIRE

Rodríguez Martínez, Kexy

2009-01-01

El presente artículo describe la experiencia en el desarrollo del prototipo de una herramienta para la gestión de contenidos en sitios web, con miras a satisfacer las necesidades de personas sin conocimientos técnicos en la administración y publicación de páginas web. El objetivo de esta ponencia es presentar y compartir la experiencia adquirida durante el desarrollo de Virtual-C: Una herramienta para la administración de contenidos en sitios web, la cual permite que personas sin conocimiento...

FoCoS: Una herramienta para concientización sobre seguridad en Internet

OpenAIRE

Acevedo, Gerónimo

2012-01-01

El presente trabajo detalla toda la labor de análisis e investigación realizada para alcanzar la implementación de una herramienta de concientización en seguridad y privacidad sobre Internet. Para lograr dicha herramienta fue necesario realizar diversas tareas: análisis de distintos sitios web que brindan información sobre la Seguridad en Internet, análisis de Redes Sociales Open Source disponibles en la Web, investigación de alternativas para detectar la tecnología desde donde accede el usua...

Contact electrification in aerosolized monodispersed silica microspheres quantified using laser based velocimetry

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Alois, Stefano; Merrison, Jonathan P.; Iversen, Jens Jacob

2017-01-01

interacting with the injector tube have been seen to become electrified with a relatively narrow range of surface charge concentration of around Q/4πr2 ~ −100 e-/µm2 (~ −0.02mC/m2) for all particle sizes. Several combinations of aerosol particle and injector tube composition were also investigated, some...... experiments (mC/m2). Possible explanations for this effect are discussed, including the possibility of field emission at the contact site. In the future this technique is intended also to be applied to particle-particle induced contact electrification and its material dependence....

Quetzalcoatl: Una Herramienta para Generar Contratos de Desarrollo de Software en Entornos de Outsourcing

OpenAIRE

Jezreel Mejía; Sergio D. Ixmatlahua; Alma I. Sánchez

2014-01-01

Actualmente el outsourcing es una de las actividades principales de trabajo. Sin embargo, las relaciones que se dan entre un cliente y un proveedor de servicios no son lo suficientemente fuertes para lograr las expectativas de los acuerdos. El contrato de outsourcing para proyectos en desarrollo de software es una alternativa a este tipo de relaciones. En este artículo se presenta la arquitectura de la herramienta Quetzalcoatl, así como las funciones principales que ofrece la herramienta, tod...

Characterization of Hybrid Systems for Rural Electrification with Renewable Energies Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Borda Angel, J. P.; Dominguez, J.; Amador, J.; Arribas, L.; Pinedo Pascua, I.

2011-07-01

The objective of this project is to redefine the algorithm of wind-diesel hybrid system implemented in IntiGIS. This methodology was developed by CIEMAT for the evaluation of rural electrification projects, comparing different renewable and conventional technologies based on their LEC or equivalent electrification cost. The analysis considers the social and geographical particularities of the study area. The core of the new model is the definition of renewable fraction in the wind-diesel hybrid system. To this end, it was assumed that the fraction of renewable will depend, first of all, of the wind speed. In this case, the objectives were to find a relationship between the renewable fraction and wind speed, expressed as a function, and also trying to demonstrate the influence of other parameters such as fuel price and consumption. The methodology used to achieve these objectives was to use HOMER to simulate technology and size of system components in order to obtain the optimal fraction renewable scenarios. Next, we examined how it varied with wind speed; we assessed the influence of other parameters and, finally, it is represented as a function of wind speed. After the redefinition of the algorithm, the changes were planned for inclusion in IntiGIS and tests were performed to validate the new model. (Author)

Let There Be Light: the Role of Electrification in Liberia's Post-Conflict Stabilization

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Whitaker, Rick

2007-07-01

Early in 2006, President Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf made re-electrification a cornerstone of Liberia's stabilization and redevelopment programs. After 14 years of civil war, there was no electric grid or commercial electricity in the country. The Liberia Electricity Corporation (LEC) was moribund, with no infrastructure or customers. An international donors group of Ghana, the EC, the World Bank, and USAID formulated a $7 million Emergency Power Program to restore power to parts of Monrovia. In four months, this group, with the active participation of GOL and LEC, imported generators, rebuilt distribution networks, and began commercial service. By the end of 2006, LEC was serving 280 customers and had achieved operational self-sufficiency. There were streetlights in the capital for the first time in years. A second phase, increasing generation and customers 5-fold, is underway. It is funded at $22 million by a donor group including Norway. At its conclusion, 70% of Monrovia's neighborhoods will have access to service. International private financing of a next phase is in the offing. Critical lessons offered: Electrification is central to post-conflict stabilization; Capacity development is as important as technology; Commercialization of electricity is required; and, Top level support is critical. (auth)

Guía de ataques, vulnerabilidades, técnicas y herramientas para aplicaciones Web

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Laura Hernández Saucedo

2015-02-01

Full Text Available En la actualidad el riesgo para los sistemas informáticos ha aumentado debido a un crecimiento en la complejidad en las tecnologías de la información. Hoy en día cualquier computadora conectada a internet está expuesta a diversas amenazas. Una consecuencia es el aumento en el número de ataques informáticos. Una manera de prevenirlo es actuar anticipadamente, detectando las vulnerabilidades potenciales que pueden ser aprovechadas por los atacantes. De esta manera se disminuye la probabilidad de éxito de los ataques realizados. Este trabajo revisa algunas de las técnicas y herramientas utilizadas actualmente para la detección de vulnerabilidades, se presenta una matriz de trazabilidad entre ataques, vulnerabilidades, técnicas y herramientas que determinarán cuales vulnerabilidades y ataques pueden ser mitigados con la utilización de dichas técnicas y herramientas.

Posibles herramientas operativas para la enseñanza de los contenidos del lenguaje visual

OpenAIRE

Mosco, Leandro; Garbin, Camilo; Medina, Patricia

2017-01-01

Las herramientas que desarrollaremos en el presente proyecto se presentan como sugerencias operativo-metodológicas para ser utilizadas por el docente en el aula. Es nuestra intención, siguiendo la metodología de la Cátedra, poner el énfasis en puntos de vistas no tradicionales, con relación a la enseñanza-aprendizaje del Lenguaje Visual, y plantear nuevos abordajes que equiparen los contenidos con las producciones visuales contemporáneas. Este conjunto de herramientas se concreta como r...

UAICase: integración de un entorno académico con una herramienta CASE en una plataforma virtual colaborativa

OpenAIRE

Battaglia, Nicolás; Neil, Carlos; De Vincenzi, Marcelo; Martínez, Roxana

2016-01-01

En el uso de herramientas CASE como soporte de modelado para la enseñanza de la ingeniería de software, suelen utilizarse productos comerciales de uso profesional muy complejos o herramientas de modelado de acceso libre no tan comunes en el mercado. Surge entonces la necesidad de contar con herramientas CASE que permitan asistir al alumno a adquirir y afianzar los contenidos académicos desarrollados dentro de un espacio que facilite tanto a sus pares como al docente colaborar entre sí, sin...

Evaluation of electrification projects with renewable energy in communities of the mountain and forest of the Peru: A case study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sanchez, Teodoro; Escobar Rafael; Cherni, Judith

2003-01-01

This paper analyses results of research on energy solutions in isolated rural areas in Peru. The communities being studied use solar panels and micro-hydroelectric systems. The purpose of this work is to contribute to the understanding of the rural electrification in Peru

Evaluation of electrification projects with renewable energy in communities of the mountain and forest of the Peru: a case study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sanchez, Teodoro; Escobar, Rafael; Cherni, Judith

2003-01-01

This paper analyses results of research on energy solutions in isolated rural areas in Peru. The communities being studied use solar panels and micro-hydroelectric systems. The purpose of this work is to contribute to the understanding of the rural electrification in Peru

Herramienta para la Deteccion de Retinoblastoma

OpenAIRE

Vargas-Cuentas , Natalia Indira; Roman-Gonzalez , Avid

2015-01-01

International audience; El retinoblastoma, es un tumor que se presenta en la retina de las personas, especialmente en los niños. Una detección temprana del mismo, podría ser muy útil y salvar la vida del niño. Es en ese sentido, que el presente trabajo propone una herramienta sencilla para la detección de retinoblastoma analizando fotografías tomadas con flash en las cuales, en el ojo del niño se puede detectar la presencia de leucoria. Esta detección se realiza utilizando las funciones de de...

Las herramientas interactivas de dos diarios colombianos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Danghelly Zúñiga

2009-01-01

los medios para modificar contenidos, producirlos y comunicarse con los emisores de información y otros usuarios. En el caso de los diarios estudiados, se encontró que si bien ofrecen herramientas para propiciar la interactividad, esta gira en torno a tres aspectos (la adaptabilidad, la navegabilidad y la retroalimentación, con lo cual permanece en un primer nivel (el de la lectura particular de los textos y aún no permite formas de coproducción de los contenidos.

Information and communication technologies - A new round of household electrification

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Røpke, Inge; Christensen, Toke Haunstrup; Jensen, Jesper Ole

2010-01-01

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) increasingly permeate everyday life in industrialized societies. The aim of this paper is to explore ICT-related transformations of everyday practices and discuss the implications, particularly for residential electricity consumption. The present...... socio-technical changes are seen in a historical perspective, and it is argued that the integration of ICT into everyday practices can be seen as a new round of household electrification, comparable to earlier rounds that also led to higher electricity consumption. A case study carried out in Denmark...... in 2007–2008 explores the present changes in everyday life. Based on qualitative interviews, the study focuses on people’s ways of integrating ICTs into their everyday practices, on any significant changes in these practices, and on the influence of the changed practices on electricity consumption...

Herramienta de Análisis y Diseño de Sistemas de Control Basada en Hojas de Cálculo Excel

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nourdine Aliane

2009-10-01

Full Text Available Resumen: Este artículo presenta una herramienta para el análisis y diseño de sistemas de control basada en hojas de cálculo Excel. Esta herramienta es un conjunto de subrutinas y funciones desarrolladas con el lenguaje VBA. En la actualidad, esta herramienta se limita al manejo de sistemas lineales representados mediante la función de transferencia. El usuario puede especificar modelos, obtener sus respuestas transitorias y en frecuencia, simular un sistema realimentado a través de un controlador, o ajustar los parámetros de un controlador de forma interactiva. Además, la herramienta permite al usuario mantener varias simulaciones en una misma hoja de cálculo, y su carácter interactivo hace posible observar el efecto de varios parámetros sobre el comportamiento de los sistemas de forma inmediata. Para ilustrar el alcance y algunas características de esta herramienta, se han incluido varios ejemplos. Palabras clave: Control, Sistemas lineales, Simulación, Hojas de Calculo

Transportation Electrification Beyond Light Duty: Technology and Market Assessment

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tartaglia, Katie [Energetics Inc., Columbia, MD (United States); Birky, Alicia [Energetics Inc., Columbia, MD (United States); Laughlin, Michael [Energetics Inc., Columbia, MD (United States); Price, Rebecca [Energetics Inc., Columbia, MD (United States); Lin, Zhenhong [Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

2017-07-01

Commercial fleets form the backbone of the nation’s economy, getting people and the things they need to the places they need to go and performing services necessary to keep public and private physical infrastructure in working order. Commercial fleets include a wide range of vehicle and equipment types, typical uses, and sizes, and involve millions of on-road and offroad vehicles. This diversity means there is no single solution to the challenges these vehicles pose for reducing petroleum dependence, impact on air quality, and emission of greenhouse gases. This document focuses on electrification of government, commercial, and industrial fleets. These fleets have been divided into three market segments based on equipment use: service fleets, goods movement, and people movement. In particular, it addresses highway vehicles not used for personal transport; non-highway modes, including air, rail, and water; and non-road equipment used directly or in support of these uses.

LA VIDEOCONFERENCIA DE ESCRITORIO COMO UNA HERRAMIENTA PARA EL DESARROLLO Y COLABORACIÓN A DISTANCIA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Aurora Vidal Martínez

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Este ensayo propone una herramienta de interacción entre docentes y estudiantes de la Coordinación de Programas Académicos (CPA del Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (CIAD, A.C., situados en diferentes lugares geográficos de México, para compartir ideas, conocimiento, resolver problemas y planear estrategias de investigación. El proyecto se dividió en dos etapas. En la primera etapa se entrevistó a la coordinadora de la CPA, para conocer las necesidades específicas de interacción entre docentes y estudiantes, con el propósito de establecer las características mínimas que debería incluir la herramienta propuesta. Para el análisis de las diferentes alternativas se consideraron varios aspectos: la experiencia de los autores en el uso de equipos de videoconferencia de salón, consultas a proveedores, opiniones de colegas expertos en el área de videoconferencia de otras instituciones educativas y en bibliografía relacionada con el tema. Los involucrados coincidieron que la videoconferencia de escritorio es la herramienta que más se ajusta a los requerimientos expuestos, por considerarla: económica, ubicua y de uso simplificado para la transmisión-recepción de video, voz y datos. En la segunda etapa, después de utilizar la herramienta por un semestre, se realizaron entrevistas y encuestas a los usuarios, con el fin de evaluar el grado de satisfacción, comportamiento de docentes y estudiantes y la calidad de los materiales utilizados durante las sesiones de videoconferencia de escritorio. Los resultados obtenidos en la evaluación permiten concluir que la videoconferencia de escritorio fue la herramienta con la cual se logró alcanzar el objetivo planteado.

Linking the open source, spatial electrification tool (ONSSET) and the open source energy modelling system (OSeMOSYS), with a focus on Sub-Saharan Africa

Science.gov (United States)

Mentis, Dimitrios; Howells, Mark; Rogner, Holger; Korkovelos, Alexandros; Arderne, Christopher; Siyal, Shahid; Zepeda, Eduardo; Taliotis, Constantinos; Bazilian, Morgan; de Roo, Ad; Tanvez, Yann; Oudalov, Alexandre; Scholtz, Ernst

2017-04-01

In September 2015, the United Nations General Assembly adopted Agenda 2030, which comprises a set of 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) defined by 169 targets. "Ensuring access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all by 2030" is the seventh goal (SDG7). While access to energy refers to more than electricity, the latter is the central focus of this work. According to the World Bank's 2015 Global Tracking Framework, roughly 15% of world population (or 1.1 billion people) lack access to electricity, and many more rely on poor quality electricity services. The majority of those without access (87%) reside in rural areas. This paper presents results of a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) approach coupled with open access data and linked to the Electricity Model Base for Africa (TEMBA), a model that represents each continental African country's electricity supply system. We present least-cost electrification strategies on a country-by-country basis for Sub-Saharan Africa. The electrification options include grid extension, mini-grid and stand-alone systems for rural, peri-urban, and urban contexts across the economy. At low levels of electricity demand there is a strong penetration of standalone technologies. However, higher electricity demand levels move the favourable electrification option from stand-alone systems to mini grid and to grid extensions.

Electrification of the Canadian road transportation sector: A 2050 outlook with TIMES-Canada

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bahn, Olivier; Marcy, Mathilde; Vaillancourt, Kathleen; Waaub, Jean-Philippe

2013-01-01

We use a newly developed bottom-up model of the entire Canadian energy system (TIMES-Canada) to assess potentials for electrification of the road transport sector. A special emphasis has been put on the modelling of the Canadian road transport, by considering a variety of vehicles for passenger and freight transportation. Besides a business-as-usual (baseline) scenario, we have analysed an energy policy scenario imposing targets for electric vehicle penetration and a climate policy scenario imposing targets for greenhouse gas emission reduction. Our analysis shows on the one hand that electric vehicles penetrate notably the passenger vehicle market after 2040 in the baseline scenario and after 2030 in the energy policy scenario (following the assumed penetration targets). On the other hand, the assumed climate policy forces a stronger penetration of electric vehicles for passenger transportation, with a progressive phasing out of internal combustion engine vehicles, whereas the latter vehicles remain dominant for freight transportation but with a shift away of fossil fuels and in favour of biofuels. A sensitivity analysis on the (assumed) evolution of electric vehicles over time confirms these general trends. -- Highlights: •We use a newly developed TIMES-Canada model of the entire Canadian energy system. •We assess potentials for electrification of the Canadian road transport sector. •We analyse three scenarios: baseline, energy policy and climate policy. •EVs penetrate notably after 2040 in the baseline and after 2030 in the energy policy scenario. •The climate policy forces a stronger penetration of EVs

2012 international year for sustainable energy for all: African Frontrunnership in rural electrification

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mahama, Amadu

2012-01-01

2012 has been declared the “International Year for Sustainable Energy for All” by the UN. While Africa remains the most ‘underpowered’ continent, the prognosis for a brighter future is looking good, as key stakeholders (governments, private sector, civil society, and the donor community) have mobilized at an unprecedented scale to experiment with new policies, regulatory frameworks, and business models to rapidly upscale access to sustainable energy. The top-down, central grid expansion approach to increasing electricity access is very capital intensive and yet has gained considerable momentum at the expense of lower cost options that utilize decentralized off-grid solutions. A decentralized bottom-up approach could also use indigenous renewable energy sources and foster more significant linkages with livelihood opportunities in the rural un-served territories. This paper evaluates the emerging experiments through the lenses of C.K. Prahalad's “bottom of the pyramid” theory and Clayton Christensen's “disruptive technologies” perspective. Three front-runner initiatives involving new business models, innovative technologies, and institutional capacity building will be analyzed. In addition, the paper examines a regulatory policy initiative designed to stimulate clean energy investments in Ghana. Though the examples are all from Ghana, they illustrate general challenges to sub-Saharan Africa as a whole. - Highlights: ► An analysis of innovative electricity access case studies from Ghana. ► Off-grid electrification options are keys to expanding electricity access in Africa. ► Base of the pyramid strategies for rural electrification has a niche in Africa. ► International collaboration will be crucial to achieve universal electricity access.

Using contingent behavior analysis to measure benefits from rural electrification in developing countries: an example from Rwanda

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Manning, Dale T.; Means, Peter; Zimmerle, Daniel; Galvin, Kathleen; Loomis, John; Paustian, Keith

2015-01-01

Hundreds of millions of people in Sub-Saharan Africa do not have access to electricity and will not receive it from national grids in the next few decades. Electricity makes up an important component of rural development and so increasing access can have positive socioeconomic benefits. In this study, we use contingent behavior analysis to quantify the potential benefits of electricity in rural Rwandan villages which currently do not have electricity. The proposed method allows for calculation of net benefits as well as electricity bills. We find that even relatively poor, isolated households would pay for electricity, though amounts vary across households and this affects the financial viability of electrification. Common uses for electricity include lighting, battery charging, and agricultural processing. Despite heterogeneity, opportunities exist to improve rural economic welfare through increased electricity access. - Highlights: • A lack of electricity slows economic growth in rural villages of Sub-Saharan Africa. • Household survey provides data on potential electricity use in Rwandan villages. • Contingent behavior analysis estimates total economic surplus from electricity. • Household electricity bills estimated to calculate investment returns. • Investment in rural electrification likely to bring positive benefits to rural Rwanda.

Organization of public services in remote rural areas in developing countries: application to decentralized rural electrification

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bui, D.N.

2005-01-01

The electrical sector has traditionally been organized as a natural monopoly. The intensity in capital of the grid and the public service obligation of electrical distribution led to the creation of electrical companies with exclusive territorial concessions. This approach has recently been challenged because of its failure to electrify remote rural villages in developing countries. A new set of solutions appeared under the umbrella of Decentralized Rural Electrification (DRE) thanks to technological innovations that replace collective infrastructures with individual systems. However, the widespread deployment of decentralized technologies remains impaired by numerous obstacles at various levels: institutional, legal, organizational, social, financial... New models that take into account the specificities of DRE must now be imagined. The study of two case studies in Morocco and India provide insightful examples of possible strategies to accelerate the deployment of DRE and therefore attain the objectives of rural electrification. Two major policies stand out: public service delegation and the approach of delivering equipment by the public market. Even though these models are too recent to conclude on their viability and permanence, they provide guidelines for the public and private players of the sector to generalize the access to electrical services to rural populations in developing countries, and contribute to their development. (author)

El uso de las redes sociales como herramienta de marketing por parte de las universidades españolas

OpenAIRE

Rodríguez Gascón, Alicia

2017-01-01

Analizar el uso de las redes sociales como herramienta de marketing por parte de las Universidades Españolas -Identificar que Universidades españolas utilizan las redes sociales como herramienta de comunicación y cómo lo hacen Facultad de Ciencias de la Empresa Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena

Una propuesta de evaluación de herramientas CASE para la enseñanza

OpenAIRE

Battaglia, Nicolás; Martínez, Roxana; Neil, Carlos; De Vincenzi, Marcelo

2017-01-01

Este trabajo presenta un marco teórico de las Herramientas CASE y UML en base al sustento de análisis realizado por varios autores y el propio del equipo. Por lo que, en base a dicho estudio, se propone un método de evaluación para conocer en qué grado una herramienta CASE se adapta con la funcionalidad requerida. Además, se sugieren criterios de evaluación a tener en cuenta con su importancia correspondiente para cada uno de los casos. Presentamos en base a esto, las características desea...

La idea del Geocoaching como herramienta interdisciplinar

OpenAIRE

Grau Martínez, Sergio

2017-01-01

Treball Final de Grau en Mestre o Mestra d'Educació Primària. Codi: MP1040. Curs acadèmic: 2016/2017 Con este trabajo se pretende demostrar que existen alternativas activas y dinámicas que favorecen notablemente el aprendizaje significativo y la interdisciplinariedad de algunas asignaturas, en este caso, la educación física y las ciencias sociales y naturales. Para ello, en dicho trabajo se propone utilizar la idea del “geocaching” como base y herramienta para realizar una serie de sesi...

Radial-arrayed rotary electrification for high performance triboelectric generator.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhu, Guang; Chen, Jun; Zhang, Tiejun; Jing, Qingshen; Wang, Zhong Lin

2014-03-04

Harvesting mechanical energy is an important route in obtaining cost-effective, clean and sustainable electric energy. Here we report a two-dimensional planar-structured triboelectric generator on the basis of contact electrification. The radial arrays of micro-sized sectors on the contact surfaces enable a high output power of 1.5 W (area power density of 19 mW cm(-2)) at an efficiency of 24%. The triboelectric generator can effectively harness various ambient motions, including light wind, tap water flow and normal body movement. Through a power management circuit, a triboelectric-generator-based power-supplying system can provide a constant direct-current source for sustainably driving and charging commercial electronics, immediately demonstrating the feasibility of the triboelectric generator as a practical power source. Given exceptional power density, extremely low cost and unique applicability resulting from distinctive mechanism and structure, the triboelectric generator can be applied not only to self-powered electronics but also possibly to power generation at a large scale.

Information and communication technologies - A new round of household electrification

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ropke, Inge; Haunstrup Christensen, Toke; Ole Jensen, Jesper

2010-01-01

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) increasingly permeate everyday life in industrialized societies. The aim of this paper is to explore ICT-related transformations of everyday practices and discuss the implications, particularly for residential electricity consumption. The present socio-technical changes are seen in a historical perspective, and it is argued that the integration of ICT into everyday practices can be seen as a new round of household electrification, comparable to earlier rounds that also led to higher electricity consumption. A case study carried out in Denmark in 2007-2008 explores the present changes in everyday life. Based on qualitative interviews, the study focuses on people's ways of integrating ICTs into their everyday practices, on any significant changes in these practices, and on the influence of the changed practices on electricity consumption. The paper concludes with a discussion on the implications for energy policy.

Herramienta para diseño automático de arquitecturas a medida basadas en redes neuronales para reconocimiento de patrones visuales

OpenAIRE

Leiva, Lucas; Acosta, Nelson; Vázquez, Martín

2006-01-01

El trabajo propone la construcción de una herramienta con interfaz intuitiva capaz de generar arquitecturas hardware de reconocimiento de patrones a partir de un conjunto de especificaciones de alto nivel ingresadas por el usuario. La salida de la herramienta es código de descripción hardware sintetizable (VHDL) que se utiliza para la configuración de una FPGA. Se propone que la herramienta facilite todas las etapas del desarrollo de sistemas de reconocimiento de patrones visuales.

Run-Curve Design for Energy Saving Operation in a Modern DC-Electrification

Science.gov (United States)

Koseki, Takafumi; Noda, Takashi

Mechanical brakes are often used by electric trains. These brakes have a few problems like response speed, coefficient of friction, maintenance cost and so on. As a result, methods for actively using regenerative brakes are required. In this paper, we propose the useful pure electric braking, which would involve ordinary brakes by only regenerative brakes without any mechanical brakes at high speed. Benefits of our proposal include a DC-electrification system with regenerative substations that can return powers to the commercial power system and a train that can use the full regenerative braking force. We furthermore evaluate the effects on running time and energies saved by regenerative substations in the proposed method.

Rural Electrification Efforts Based on Off-Grid Photovoltaic Systems in the Andean Region: Comparative Assessment of Their Sustainability

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sarah Feron

2017-10-01

Full Text Available In this paper, we comparatively assess the sustainability of rural electrification efforts based on off-grid solutions in Chile, Ecuador, and Peru. Our assessment considers four dimensions of sustainability (institutional, economic, environmental, and socio-cultural. We found that Ecuador and Chile have consistently failed to ensure mechanisms for the operation and maintenance of the deployed off-grid systems, which has made these solutions in poor Chilean and Ecuadorian communities inevitably unsustainable. Although Peru has adopted a cross-tariff scheme, the Peruvian case shows that ensuring the funding of off-grid PV solutions is not enough. Peruvian officials appear to be unaware of the importance of local participation (local values and lifestyles are constantly disregarded and most of the projects have been designed without the participation and engagement of the communities, which has often led to project failures and payment defaults. However, although each country has its particular challenges, we found that the three Andean countries have consistently neglected the importance of strong formal institutions with a flexible and decentralized structure, which in turn significantly compromised the rural electrification effort in these countries.

Socio-economic and Environmental impacts, planning and administration of rural electrification

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sam, Haroun Osman

1999-01-01

The majority of the population in Sudan still lives in the rural areas where they still suffer from problems of poverty, unemployment, high rates of illiteracy, poor health services, shortage of water, and migration to urban areas. Development plans within decentralization efforts taking place in the country should give great importance to rural development by activating rural productive sector comprising agriculture and small scale industries. Rural electrification (RE) can play an important role as akey infrastructure for rural development, and could change the rural communities socially and economically to the better. RE also have desirable environmental impacts when substituting polluting and scare fuels such as petroleum fuel and fuel wood by electricity. Compared with urban electrification, RE is characterized by scattered consumers, low demands, and low load factors. This results in high connection costs of electricity per consumer, and high unit (Kwh) cost. In Sudan, rural electricity demands range from small industries of 50 or industries and individual farms. To bring electricity supply to these different categories of rural consumers at a reasonable investment cost requires proper planning. It needs regular data collection and updating, selection of appropriate technology, project formulation, financing implementation, management, and follow-up. The Sudan National Electricity Corporation (NEC), gives priority to the generation and transmission of electricity to the big urban and industrial areas. NEC treats RE as low priority to which resources are only devoted after the more urgent needs of the urban and industrial consumers not impossible, for a utility like the NEC to construct, operate, and maintain a large number of small scale projects in rural areas. To enable RE to play an effective institution with RE as its primary objectives is very crucial. This paper aims to highlight the importance of RE and its impacts on the rural inhabitants socially

Quetzalcoatl: Una Herramienta para Generar Contratos de Desarrollo de Software en Entornos de Outsourcing

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jezreel Mejía

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Actualmente el outsourcing es una de las actividades principales de trabajo. Sin embargo, las relaciones que se dan entre un cliente y un proveedor de servicios no son lo suficientemente fuertes para lograr las expectativas de los acuerdos. El contrato de outsourcing para proyectos en desarrollo de software es una alternativa a este tipo de relaciones. En este artículo se presenta la arquitectura de la herramienta Quetzalcoatl, así como las funciones principales que ofrece la herramienta, todo esto con el objetivo de generar y evaluar contratos para proyectos de desarrollo de software en entornos de outsourcing como apoyo a las PYMEs.

Grado de utilización de las herramientas de calidad en el sector de alojamiento turístico español

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Álvarez García

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Las herramientas y técnicas de calidad constituyen la dimensión operativa necesaria para apoyar la implantación de los principios de Gestión de la Calidad Total y la puesta en marcha de los procesos de mejora continua de la calidad en las empresas. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el grado de utilización de las herramientas y técnicas de calidad por las empresas del sector turístico. La metodología empleada consiste en un análisis descriptivo de las herramientas para investigar su nivel de uso, y con la fi nalidad de comprobar si existen diferencias en la utilización de las mismas según el tamaño de las empresas y el subsector de pertenencia utilizamos la herramienta estadística, tablas de contingencia. Por último, llevamos a cabo un análisis factorial para determinar la estructura de las herramientas y técnicas de calidad. El estudio empírico fue llevado a cabo en 186 empresas de alojamiento turístico en España certifi cadas con la marca "Q de Calidad Turística". Los resultados obtenidos ponen de manifi esto que las herramientas más utilizadas son la encuesta de satisfacción a los clientes, las auditorías internas, y el sistema de sugerencias.

Grado de utilización de las herramientas de calidad en el sector de alojamiento turístico español

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Álvarez García

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Las herramientas y técnicas de calidad constituyen la dimensión operativa necesaria para apoyar la implantación de los principios de Gestión de la Calidad Total y la puesta en marcha de los procesos de mejora continua de la calidad en las empresas. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el grado de utilización de las herramientas y técnicas de calidad por las empresas del sector turístico. La metodología empleada consiste en un análisis descriptivo de las herramientas para investigar su nivel de uso, y con la finalidad de comprobar si existen diferencias en la utilización de las mismas según el tamaño de las empresas y el subsector de pertenencia utilizamos la herramienta estadística, tablas de contingencia. Por último, llevamos a cabo un análisis factorial para determinar la estructura de las herramientas y técnicas de calidad. El estudio empírico fue llevado a cabo en 186 empresas de alojamiento turístico en España certificadas con la marca “Q de Calidad Turística”. Los resultados obtenidos ponen de manifiesto que las herramientas más utilizadas son la encuesta de satisfacción a los clientes, las auditorías internas, y el sistema de sugerencias.

TRIZ, la herramienta del pensamiento e innovación sistemática

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Wilmer Córdova Ames

2008-12-01

Full Text Available La teoría de la solución de problemas de inventiva (TRIZ, por sus siglas en ruso es una poderosa metodología que aprovecha el proceso de pensamiento sistemática. Está basada en el conocimiento y las experiencias de las mentes más ilustres de la historia, y nos brinda una serie de herramientas que permiten llegar a soluciones innovadoras, crear nuevos productos e incrementar nuestra habilidad creativa.Existen otras metodologías conocidas que generan innovación, como el brainstorming (lluvia de ideas, mapas mentales, seis sombreros, lenguajes de neurolinguistica, etc. Estas metodologías están basadas en patrones de conducta, emociones, e inercia psicológica; otra desventaja respecto a estas metodologías es que el conocimiento es su limitante. Una vez agotadas todas las búsquedas de posibles soluciones, se llega a soluciones forzadas o de compromiso; en cambio, TRIZ es una metodología basada en el estudio del conocimiento humano (patentes y que nos presenta el pensamiento sistemático.El presente artículo revela una poderosa herramienta del pensamiento sistemático con el fin de resolver o conseguir soluciones concretas a cualquier problema, ya sea de ingeniería, administración o cualquier campo, que pueda aportar a la comunidad el pensamiento sistemático, así como brindar herramientas para lograr la ansiada innovación.

Experiences with a small scale Solar/Wind pilot installation for basic electrification in the chilean altiplano

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sapiain, Raul; Ovalle, Ricardo; Torres, Ariel; Brockmeyer, Ricarda; Schmidt, Reinhold [Centro de Energias Renovables/Universidad de Tarapaca, Arica, (Chile); Meer, Andreas V. [Solar Institute, Juelich (Germany)

1997-12-31

Basic rural electrification programmes are already carried out in the rural areas of northern Chile by local communities and local governments using photovoltaic systems. Solar Home Systems, 12 VDC are installed for individual households while systems for schools, public lighting etc. are realized with bigger systems, 220 VAC. Within a cooperation with the Solar Institute of the Fachhochschule Juelich, Germany, the Renewable Energy Center of the University of Tarapaca designed, installed and evaluated the first solar/wind hybrid installation for basic electrification in northern Chile, realized in Colpitas, a typical small village in the chilean altiplano. The following paper presents results and experiences of this first pilot installation. [Espanol] Ya se estan llevando a cabo programas de electrificacion rural basica en las areas rurales del Norte de Chile por las comunidades y los gobiernos locales, usando sistemas fotovoltaicos. Se instalan Sistemas Domesticos Solares de 12VDC para casas-habitacion individuales, mientras que los sistemas para escuelas, alumbrado publico, etc., se ejecutan con sistemas mas grandes de 220VAC. Con la coperacion del Instituto Solar de la Fachhochschule en Julich, Alemania, el Centro de Energia Renovable de la Universidad de Tarapaca, diseno, instalo y evaluo, la primera instalacion hibrida solar/viento para electrificacion basica en el Norte de Chile, realizado en Colpitas, un pueblo tipico pequeno del altiplano chileno. El siguiete articulo presenta los resultados y experiencias de esta primera instalacion piloto.

Experiences with a small scale Solar/Wind pilot installation for basic electrification in the chilean altiplano

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sapiain, Raul; Ovalle, Ricardo; Torres, Ariel; Brockmeyer, Ricarda; Schmidt, Reinhold [Centro de Energias Renovables/Universidad de Tarapaca, Arica, (Chile); Meer, Andreas V [Solar Institute, Juelich (Germany)

1998-12-31

Basic rural electrification programmes are already carried out in the rural areas of northern Chile by local communities and local governments using photovoltaic systems. Solar Home Systems, 12 VDC are installed for individual households while systems for schools, public lighting etc. are realized with bigger systems, 220 VAC. Within a cooperation with the Solar Institute of the Fachhochschule Juelich, Germany, the Renewable Energy Center of the University of Tarapaca designed, installed and evaluated the first solar/wind hybrid installation for basic electrification in northern Chile, realized in Colpitas, a typical small village in the chilean altiplano. The following paper presents results and experiences of this first pilot installation. [Espanol] Ya se estan llevando a cabo programas de electrificacion rural basica en las areas rurales del Norte de Chile por las comunidades y los gobiernos locales, usando sistemas fotovoltaicos. Se instalan Sistemas Domesticos Solares de 12VDC para casas-habitacion individuales, mientras que los sistemas para escuelas, alumbrado publico, etc., se ejecutan con sistemas mas grandes de 220VAC. Con la coperacion del Instituto Solar de la Fachhochschule en Julich, Alemania, el Centro de Energia Renovable de la Universidad de Tarapaca, diseno, instalo y evaluo, la primera instalacion hibrida solar/viento para electrificacion basica en el Norte de Chile, realizado en Colpitas, un pueblo tipico pequeno del altiplano chileno. El siguiete articulo presenta los resultados y experiencias de esta primera instalacion piloto.

La e-investigación de la Comunicación: actitudes, herramientas y prácticas en investigadores iberoamericanos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos Arcila Calderón

2013-03-01

Full Text Available La e-investigación está cambiando las prácticas y dinámicas de la investigación social, gracias a la incorporación de herramientas digitales avanzadas para el procesamiento de datos y el incremento de la colaboración científica. Estudios anteriores muestran una actitud positiva de los científicos hacia la e-investigación y la rápida incorporación de herramientas digitales para el trabajo académico, a pesar de las resistencias culturales al cambio. Este artículo examina el estado actual (actitudes, herramientas y prácticas de la e-investigación en el campo de los estudios en comunicación en Iberoamérica. Un total de 316 investigadores de la región respondieron una encuesta en línea durante los últimos dos meses de 2011. Los resultados confirman una actitud positiva hacia la e-investigación y un uso frecuente de las e-herramientas. Sin embargo, la mayor parte de ellos aseguran usar e-herramientas básicas (como correo-e, videoconferencia comercial, software de oficina o redes sociales, en vez de usar tecnologías avanzadas para procesar gran cantidad de datos (como Grids, programas de simulación o Internet2 o de incorporarse a comunidades virtuales de investigación. Algunos investigadores afirmaron tener un uso «intensivo» (31% o «frecuente» (53% de las e-herramientas, pero solo el 22% aseguraron que la capacidad de su computador personal era insuficiente para manejar y procesar los datos. El artículo concluye evidenciando una brecha importante entre la e-investigación en comunicación y en otras disciplinas, y establece recomendaciones para su implementación en la región.

EL BALANCED SCORECARD COMO HERRAMIENTA DE EVALUACIÓN EN LA GESTIÓN ADMINISTRATIVA

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César Alveiro Montoya

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Este documento hace una reflexión frente al componente que le brinda la herramienta del (BSC Balanced Scorecard, a los procesos de gestión administrativa, en tal sentido que se aporte a las organizaciones de hoy se constituyan en instituciones altamente competitivas. De igual manera, se presenta el aporte presentado por Kaplan y Norton para la evaluación de la gestión organizacional como nueva herramienta para el cumplimiento de los objetivos propuestos en la organización. Del mismo modo, se hace un desarrollo de las cuatro perspectivas del BSC en el cual se busca identificar el aporte que cada una de éstas aporta al cumplimiento misional y competitivo de la organización.

A new model for commercially sustainable renewable energy-based rural electrification in Indonesia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Walt, Robb [Integrated Power Corporation-Indonesia, (United states)

1995-12-31

Rapidly increasing demands and requirements for access to electricity throughout the remote areas of Indonesia coupled with annual subsidies in excess of $500 million of dollars for rural electrification have forced the Government of Indonesia to search for alternatives to the conventional utility model for rural electrification. In 1992-1993 a study was conducted in collaboration with the Government of Indonesia`s Agency Application and Assessment of Technology (BPPT) and the national power utility, PLN to support the search for sustainable solutions for electrification of remote communities. This study produced a New commercial model for electrification of off-grid rural communities in Indonesia with utility quality electricity services. This new model is characterized by the use of new technologies for power generation, distribution, and sales of electricity. Key to the success of the new model are renewable energy-based hybrid power plants and the use of flexible, on-demand electricity dispensing meters. Estimated fees for electricity service are based on the current amounts now being paid by rural households for kerosene, candles and battery services at different income levels. The study showed that most rural households are willing and able to pay additional amounts for reliable, utility grade electricity for valuable services, such as better lighting, TV entertainment and for productive (economic) uses during daytime hours. A financial assessment was conducted for investments in hybrid power systems for off-grid communities with revenues generated on the basis of market fees, and collected through new technology for electricity purchase and prepayment on a commodity basis. The assessment demonstrates that this approach would provide superior electricity services on a full-time basis, with little or no subsidy required during the three- to five-year commercialization phase, and with profitability as an achievable goal in the full commercial phase. [Espanol

A new model for commercially sustainable renewable energy-based rural electrification in Indonesia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Walt, Robb [Integrated Power Corporation-Indonesia, (United states)

1996-12-31

Rapidly increasing demands and requirements for access to electricity throughout the remote areas of Indonesia coupled with annual subsidies in excess of $500 million of dollars for rural electrification have forced the Government of Indonesia to search for alternatives to the conventional utility model for rural electrification. In 1992-1993 a study was conducted in collaboration with the Government of Indonesia`s Agency Application and Assessment of Technology (BPPT) and the national power utility, PLN to support the search for sustainable solutions for electrification of remote communities. This study produced a New commercial model for electrification of off-grid rural communities in Indonesia with utility quality electricity services. This new model is characterized by the use of new technologies for power generation, distribution, and sales of electricity. Key to the success of the new model are renewable energy-based hybrid power plants and the use of flexible, on-demand electricity dispensing meters. Estimated fees for electricity service are based on the current amounts now being paid by rural households for kerosene, candles and battery services at different income levels. The study showed that most rural households are willing and able to pay additional amounts for reliable, utility grade electricity for valuable services, such as better lighting, TV entertainment and for productive (economic) uses during daytime hours. A financial assessment was conducted for investments in hybrid power systems for off-grid communities with revenues generated on the basis of market fees, and collected through new technology for electricity purchase and prepayment on a commodity basis. The assessment demonstrates that this approach would provide superior electricity services on a full-time basis, with little or no subsidy required during the three- to five-year commercialization phase, and with profitability as an achievable goal in the full commercial phase. [Espanol

Actitudes de los candidatos y maestros de ciencias en servicio acerca del uso de las herramientas computadorizadas en las clases de ciencias

Science.gov (United States)

Bayuelo, Ezequiel

Este estudio examino y comparo las actitudes de los candidatos a maestros de ciencias y los maestros de ciencias en servicio acerca de la utilizacion de las herramientas computadorizadas en las clases de ciencias. Tambien identifico y diferencio el uso que ellos dan a estas herramientas en las clases de ciencias. Este estudio presenta un diseno descriptivo exploratorio. Constituyeron la muestra trescientos diez sujetos que fueron candidatos a maestros de ciencias o maestros de ciencias en servicio. Para recoger los datos se construyo y valido un cuestionario de treinta y un itemes. Se utilizaron las pruebas estadisticas no parametricas Kruskal Wallis y Chi-cuadrado (test de homogeneidad) para establecer las diferencias entre las actitudes de los sujetos con relacion al uso de las herramientas computadorizadas en las clases de ciencias. Los hallazgos evidenciaron que son positivas y muy parecidas las actitudes de los candidatos a maestros y maestros en servicio hacia el uso de las herramientas computadorizadas. No hubo diferencias entre los candidatos y maestros en servicio en terminos de las actitudes de confianza y empatia hacia el uso de las herramientas computadorizadas en las clases de ciencias. En aspectos como el uso del banco de datos bibliografico Eric y el uso de las herramientas computadorizadas en actividades educativas como explorar conceptos, conceptuar, aplicar lo aprendido y hacer asignaciones hubo diferencias estadisticamente significativas entre los candidatos y los maestros en servicio. Al comparar las frecuencias observadas con las esperadas hubo mas maestros en servicio y menos candidatos que indicaron usar el anterior banco de datos y las herramientas computadorizadas en las mencionadas actividades educativas.

Models of rural disperse electrification by means of renewable energies in Latin America: an alternative proposal based on rural development

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fuentes, M.; Fuentes, M.; Alvarez, M.

2004-01-01

This paper discusses the overdue change in the processes of rural electrification by means of renewable energies. The actors involve in these processes have failed to contemplate every dimension of this issue: Social, Institutional, Technological, Economical, Financial and Political. We will account for the reason why the concept of sustainability must be closely related to that of local socioeconomic development. Rural electrification must be a vector for social development. It is in this context that it cannot depend exclusively on the market and its actors, but it must be immersed within rural development planning. For this new paradigm to work properly, donor agencies -mainly- should understand the dynamics of socioeconomic development, contemplating the different local characteristics of small rural communities; they should provide genuine financial support within an adequate regulatory framework and active participation should be encouraged, both of the local community and of local enterprises. The sustainability of these initiatives is determined not only by the consideration of the dimensions above but also by the creation of labour possibilities or lack thereof. (authors)

Aplicación de herramientas estadísticas para el análisis de indicadores

OpenAIRE

Villar-Ledo, Leisis; Ledo-Ferrer, Mayra Clara

2016-01-01

En este trabajo se determinan las herramientas y técnicas estadísticas para el análisis de los indicadores del Sistema de Gestión de la Calidad como método para garantizar la mejora continua de la Corporación Importadora Exportadora CIMEX SA. Este estudio se centró y aplicó en la División Compras, Almacenaje y Distribución. Entre las herramientas propuestas se encuentran: tormenta de ideas, ploteo de datos, análisis de series cronológicas y análisis de correlación lineal. Como resultados fund...

Institutional reforms and their impact on rural electrification: Case studies in South and Southeast Asia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shrestha, R.M.; Kumar, S.; Toodoc, M.J.; Sharma, S.

2004-04-01

South and Southeast (S and SE) Asian countries are characterized as being densely populated and having low access to electricity. In faet, about 59.2% and 37.8%, respectively, of the total population do not have access to electricity. Moreover, rural areas of the subregion also suffer from low electrification levels - only 30.1% in South Asia and around 51% in Southeast Asia compared to 68.2% and 89.9% in the urban areas, respectively. Some of the countries in the sutregion are at various stages of economic reforms, but all of which are moving from a centrally or heavily regulated economy to a more market- driven economy. The economic reforms in S&SE Asia have also permeated the power sector. A cursory look at the evolution of the electricity sector in some countries in the subregion reveal that the reforms undertaken in electricity sector during the early years were primarily aimed at addressing the issues of providing electricity to the people and then increasing electricity coverage. Later, in order to increase electricity coverage, institutions were established or 'carved out' from existing institutions to undertake national electrification programs to increase electricity coverage. In most cases, the electricity sectors remained under vertically integrated monopolies responsible for generation, transmission, and distribution but internal restructuring was undertaken for the purpose of increasing electricity coverage, especially in rural areas. In recent years, the reforms focused on fundamental major restructuring of the sector: separation or unbundling of the generation, transmission, and distribution; change in ownership from public to private sector, or at least increase in private sector participation by deregulating generation; and restructuring of electricity tariffs and gradually removing subsidies to better reflect economic or true costs of electricity supply. All these changes have geared towards increasing economic efficiency of the sector

A Simple Approach to Characterize Gas-Aqueous Liquid Two-phase Flow Configuration Based on Discrete Solid-Liquid Contact Electrification.

Science.gov (United States)

Choi, Dongwhi; Lee, Donghyeon; Kim, Dong Sung

2015-10-14

In this study, we first suggest a simple approach to characterize configuration of gas-aqueous liquid two-phase flow based on discrete solid-liquid contact electrification, which is a newly defined concept as a sequential process of solid-liquid contact and successive detachment of the contact liquid from the solid surface. This approach exhibits several advantages such as simple operation, precise measurement, and cost-effectiveness. By using electric potential that is spontaneously generated by discrete solid-liquid contact electrification, the configurations of the gas-aqueous liquid two-phase flow such as size of a gas slug and flow rate are precisely characterized. According to the experimental and numerical analyses on parameters that affect electric potential, gas slugs have been verified to behave similarly to point electric charges when the measuring point of the electric potential is far enough from the gas slug. In addition, the configuration of the gas-aqueous liquid two-phase microfluidic system with multiple gas slugs is also characterized by using the presented approach. For a proof-of-concept demonstration of using the proposed approach in a self-triggered sensor, a gas slug detector with a counter system is developed to show its practicality and applicability.

Task 9. Deployment of photovoltaic technologies: co-operation with developing countries. PV for rural electrification in developing countries - A guide to capacity building requirements

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bates, J.; Gunning, R. [IT Power Ltd, The Manor house, Chineham (United Kingdom); Stapleton, G. [Global Sustainable Energy Solutions Pty Ltd, GSES, Ulladulla 2539 (Australia)

2003-03-15

This report for the International Energy Agency (IEA) made by Task 9 of the Photovoltaic Power Systems (PVPS) programme takes a look at the topic of 'capacity building' in rural electrification projects. Capacity building is defined here as the development of an organisation's or individual's core knowledge, skills and capabilities in order to build and enhance the organisation's effectiveness and sustainability. This document identifies capacity building measures that should be undertaken as an integral component of a PV-based rural electrification implementation programme. Capacity building is to be facilitated through the provision of technical support activities, training, specific technical assistance and resource networking. The assessment of existing knowledge and the identification of training needs are discussed and training needs and their implementation by governmental and commercial players is discussed. Eleven case studies complete the report.

AnaLitex: una herramienta gráfica para el análisis literario

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alcides Velásquez

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo explora los fundamentos y los primeros desarrollos del prototipo de una herramienta digital, diseñada específicamente para apoyar el análisis de textos literarios. El interés que guía esta investigación es el de plantear la pregunta sobre cómo el uso de una herramienta de este tipo puede llegar a transformar la actual práctica del análisis literario. Al aplicar los principios del diseño interactivo y de información, así como características del medio digital, el desarrollo de AnaLitex invita a reflexionar acercar de la relación entre las artes, las humanidades y las prácticas culturales contemporáneas con el medio digital.

Integration and Optimization of Renewables and Storages for Rural Electrification

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Morris Brenna

2016-09-01

Full Text Available The electricity access in Sub-Saharan African countries is below 10%; thus, introducing a microgrid for rural electrification can overcome the endemic lack of modern electricity access that hampers the provision of basic services such as education, healthcare, safety, economic and social growth for rural communities. This work studies different possible comparison methods considering variations such as land area required, location for the storage, efficiency, availability and reliability of energy resources, and technology cost variability (investment cost and levelized cost of electricity, which are among the major key parameters used to assess the best possible utilization of renewables and storage system, either using them in the form of integrated, hybrid or independent systems. The study is carried out largely with the help of the Micropower optimization modeling simulator called HOMER for Ethiopia. As a result, the study proposes the use of Photovoltaic (PV–Wind–Hydro–Battery hybrid system model that concludes the optimal configuration of power systems at affordable price for underserved rural communities.

Computación científica paralela mediante uso de herramientas para paso de mensajes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francisco J. Fernández

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Los usuarios de Entornos de Computación Científica (SCE, por sus siglas en inglés siempre requieren mayor potencia de cálculo para sus aplicaciones. Utilizando las herramientas propuestas, los usuarios de las conocidas plataformas Matlab® y Octave, en un cluster de computadores, pueden paralelizar sus aplicaciones interpretadas utilizando paso de mensajes, como el proporcionado por PVM (Parallel Virtual Machine o MPI (Message Passing Interface. Para muchas aplicaciones SCE es posible encontrar un esquema de paralelización con ganancia en velocidad casi lineal. Estas herramientas son interfaces prácticamente exhaustivas a las correspondientes librerías, soportan todos los tipos de datos compatibles en el SCE base y se han diseñado teniendo en cuenta el rendimiento y la facilidad de mantenimiento. En este artículo se resumen trabajos anteriores, su repercusión, y algunos resultados obtenidos por usuarios finales. Con base en la herramienta más reciente, la Toolbox MPI para Octave, se describen brevemente sus características principales, y se presenta un estudio de caso, el conjunto de Mandelbrot.

El Leasing como herramienta de financiación

OpenAIRE

Chorén, María Cecilia

2015-01-01

El siguiente trabajo de investigación es planteado para ser utilizado por las Pymes para evaluar la oportunidad de aplicar el Leasing frente a una posibilidad de inversión en activos fijos; ya que hoy en día es tenido en cuenta en los países desarrollados como la herramienta de financiamiento más conveniente y perfecto que existe debido a sus amplios beneficios. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo primordial establecer las ventajas impositivas, jurídicas, financieras y operativas para que las...

ARTE TERAPIA: HERRAMIENTA DE AYUDA EN LA ESCUELA

OpenAIRE

Alcázar Ruiz de Peralta, Karla Katherin

2017-01-01

La investigación tiene como Objetivo: incluir el arte terapia en la escuela, permitiendo que el docente de arte logre conocer el proceso de arte terapia de manera detallada, saber sus fundamentos, entender sus beneficios y ventajas, con la finalidad de poder aplicarla en el futuro como una herramienta de ayuda en la escuela. Método: la investigación es de diseño no experimental, de tipo descriptivo-analítico. Enfoque cualitativo. Conclusión: el Arte terapia, por ser un proceso adecuado para t...

Bibliotecas 2.0: concepto, herramientas y usos prácticos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alicia Camarot

2014-02-01

Full Text Available Se presenta el alcance del término Web social o 2.0 y su extensión a la denominada Biblioteca 2.0, se describen las herramientas que la integran y se proporcionan ejemplos de su implementación en bibliotecas de Uruguay. También se destaca la importancia de la actitud del profesional bibliotecólogo en este contexto.

HISTORIAS DE APRENDIZAJE: UNA HERRAMIENTA PARA EL DESARROLLO ORGANIZACIONAL

OpenAIRE

Ana Cristina Marín Fernández; María Isabel Velasco de Lloreda

2001-01-01

El presente artículo parte de una reflexión acerca de la importancia del aprendizaje al interior de las organizaciones en función de su desarrollo organizacional. Presenta una reseña de la metodología de historias de aprendizaje desarrollada por los profesores Art Kleiner y George Roth, en el Center for Organizational Learning y el Reflection Learning Associates de MIT, como una herramienta de tipo administrativo, utilizada para promover el aprendizaje y el...

Herramientas innovadoras para futuros docentes de enseñanza Secundaria: El Ministerio del Tiempo como herramienta metodológica interdicisplinar

OpenAIRE

Ruiz Bañuls, Mónica; Gómez Trigueros, Isabel María

2017-01-01

El propósito de esta comunicación es presentar un trabajo que se inserta dentro de la RED: “Propuestas transmedia y gamificación aplicadas al EEES: nuevas metodología activas para implementar las competencias en Ciencias Sociales y en Literatura”. La idea que sustenta la RED es considerar las TIC como un espacio decisivo para la difusión de la docencia a través de herramientas virtuales, desarrollando propuestas didácticas en las que se implemente a través de los transmedia y la gamificación ...

Photovoltaic rural electrification and the electric power utility. Workshop. [Selected Papers

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Huacuz, J. M.; Villasenor, F.; Urrutia, M. [eds.] [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)

1995-12-31

This document contains the national and international programs about photovoltaic systems for rural electrification and the electric power utility experiences about PV programs. The IERE Workshop was hold from May 8 to 12, 1995 in Cocoyoc, Mexico. It was organized by the Electrical Research Institute of Mexico (Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE)) and the U.S. Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI). The Workshop was attended by 38 delegates from 13 countries [Espanol] Este documento contiene los programas nacionales e internacionales sobre electrificacion fotovoltaica rural y las experiencias en programas fotovoltaicos de empresas electricas. El taller de trabajo IERE fue realizado los dias del 8 al 12 de mayo de 1995 en Cocoyoc, Mexico. Fue organizado por el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) y el U.S. Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) (Instituto de Investigaciones de Energia Electrica de Estados Unidos). A este taller de trabajo asistieron 38 delegados de 13 paises

Photovoltaic rural electrification and the electric power utility. Workshop. [Selected Papers

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Huacuz, J M; Villasenor, F; Urrutia, M [eds.; Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)

1996-12-31

This document contains the national and international programs about photovoltaic systems for rural electrification and the electric power utility experiences about PV programs. The IERE Workshop was hold from May 8 to 12, 1995 in Cocoyoc, Mexico. It was organized by the Electrical Research Institute of Mexico (Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE)) and the U.S. Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI). The Workshop was attended by 38 delegates from 13 countries [Espanol] Este documento contiene los programas nacionales e internacionales sobre electrificacion fotovoltaica rural y las experiencias en programas fotovoltaicos de empresas electricas. El taller de trabajo IERE fue realizado los dias del 8 al 12 de mayo de 1995 en Cocoyoc, Mexico. Fue organizado por el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) y el U.S. Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) (Instituto de Investigaciones de Energia Electrica de Estados Unidos). A este taller de trabajo asistieron 38 delegados de 13 paises

Impact evaluation of productive use—An implementation guideline for electrification projects

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bensch, Gunther; Peters, Jörg; Schmidt, Christoph M.

2012-01-01

There is a consensus in the international community that rural electrification and, in particular, the productive use of electricity contributes to poverty alleviation. At the same time, efforts to evaluate the impacts of development projects have increased substantially. This paper provides a hands-on guide for designing evaluation studies regarding the impacts of productive electricity usage. Complementary to the existing literature on evaluation methods, this guide familiarizes project managers with the concrete steps that have to be undertaken to plan and implement an evaluation. The guide comprises three modules based on enterprise surveys and on anecdotal case studies. For each module, the implementation is described on a step-by-step basis including conceptual issues as well as logistics and methodological questions. - Highlights: ► Hands-on evaluation guideline for development project managers. ► Step-by-step procedure on how to implement evaluation. ► Impacts of productive electricity use.

CMIN - herramienta case basada en CRISP-DM para el soporte de proyectos de minería de datos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos Cobos

2010-09-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se presenta la CMIN, una herramienta CASE (Computer Aided Software Engineering integrada (que soporta todas las fases de un proceso basada en CRISP-DM 1.0 (Cross – Industry Standard Process for Data Mining para soportar el desarrollo de proyectos de minería de datos.Primero se expone la funcionalidad general de CMIN, lo que incluye la gestión de procesos, plantillas y proyectos, y se destaca la capacidad de CMIN para realizar el seguimiento de los proyectos de una forma fácil e intuitiva y la manera como CMIN posibilita que el usuario incremente su conocimiento en el uso de CRISP-DM o de cualquier otro proceso que se defina en la herramienta a través de las ayudas e información que se ofrece en cada paso del proceso. Después, se detalla cómo CMIN permite enlazar en tiempo de ejecución (sin necesidad de volver a compilar la herramienta nuevos algoritmos de minería de datos que apoyen la labor de modelado (basada en un flujo de trabajo o workflow en un proyecto de minería de datos. Finalmente, se ofrecen los resultados de dos evaluaciones de la herramienta, las conclusiones y el trabajo futuro.

Prácticas de Desarrollo Software: Un Estudio Exploratorio con Herramientas de Análisis Estático

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marisa Cecilia Tumino

2015-10-01

Full Text Available La investigación en ingeniería de software ha demostrado que la prevención de defectos desde el comienzo del desarrollo resulta menos costosa que corregirlos más tarde. En este sentido existen numerosos intentos por proveer herramientas con el objeto de sistematizar los procedimientos de análisis estático de código fuente. En este trabajo se analizó el potencial de cinco de estas herramientas seleccionadas por la actualidad de sus versiones, su disponibilidad y su utilización en investigaciones afines. Para el análisis, las herramientas se ejecutaron en el código fuente del software BlueJ, en sus diez últimas versiones, dado su amplio empleo tanto en el mercado de desarrollo de software como en el ámbito de instituciones educativas. Los resultados obtenidos del análisis, y sus conclusiones, acercan posibles soluciones a esta problemática que varía en alto grado conforme a los objetivos trazados por los equipos de desarrollo. El trabajo contribuye a facilitar la selección de herramientas apropiadas para el análisis estático de código fuente en equipos que están comenzando a incluir aspectos de calidad del producto software en las etapas tempranas del desarrollo

Pv rural electrification in Kiribati: A case study

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hurry, Suresh [Energy and Atmosphere Programme, SEED/BPPS UNDP, New York (United States)

1995-12-31

In collaboration with the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) participated in the implementation of a photovoltaic (PV) rural electrification project in Kiribati. Under this project, assistance was provided to the Kiribati Solar Energy Company (SEC) in order to enable it to provide electricity service as a micro utility in a effective manner. The assistance provided included installation of 55 PV-based solar home systems and one community system. In addition, the assistance focussed on technical training of SEC personnel on PV systems and management training on accounting, billing, spare parts inventory, etcetera. [Espanol] En colaboracion con la Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), el Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo (PNUD) participo en la puesta en practica de un proyecto de electrificacion rural fotovoltaico en Kiribati. Dentro de este proyecto, se proporciono ayuda a la Kiribati Solar Energy Company (SEC) para ponerla en condicion de suministrar el servicio electrico, en una forma efectiva, como una micro empresa electrica. La ayuda proporcionada incluyo la instalacion de 55 sistemas domesticos solares fotovoltaicos y un sistema comunitario. Adicionalmente, la ayuda se enfoco al entrenamiento tecnico del personal de SEC en sistemas fotovoltaicos y en el entrenamiento administrativo en contabilidad, facturacion, inventariado de partes de repuesto, etc.

Pv rural electrification in Kiribati: A case study

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hurry, Suresh [Energy and Atmosphere Programme, SEED/BPPS UNDP, New York (United States)

1996-12-31

In collaboration with the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) participated in the implementation of a photovoltaic (PV) rural electrification project in Kiribati. Under this project, assistance was provided to the Kiribati Solar Energy Company (SEC) in order to enable it to provide electricity service as a micro utility in a effective manner. The assistance provided included installation of 55 PV-based solar home systems and one community system. In addition, the assistance focussed on technical training of SEC personnel on PV systems and management training on accounting, billing, spare parts inventory, etcetera. [Espanol] En colaboracion con la Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), el Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo (PNUD) participo en la puesta en practica de un proyecto de electrificacion rural fotovoltaico en Kiribati. Dentro de este proyecto, se proporciono ayuda a la Kiribati Solar Energy Company (SEC) para ponerla en condicion de suministrar el servicio electrico, en una forma efectiva, como una micro empresa electrica. La ayuda proporcionada incluyo la instalacion de 55 sistemas domesticos solares fotovoltaicos y un sistema comunitario. Adicionalmente, la ayuda se enfoco al entrenamiento tecnico del personal de SEC en sistemas fotovoltaicos y en el entrenamiento administrativo en contabilidad, facturacion, inventariado de partes de repuesto, etc.

Herramientas digitales de mercadeo, financieramente viables, para pequeñas y medianas empresas en la realidad empresarial colombiana

OpenAIRE

Martínez Ramírez, Jonathan Alexander; Medina Villegas, Laura

2017-01-01

Este artículo pretende dar una descripción general de las diferentes herramientas de mercadeo digital actualmente conocidas y proponer su aprovechamiento para la innovación, crecimiento y emprendimiento de las pequeñas y medianas empresas en un entorno tecnológico que avanza a pasos agigantados con retos y limitaciones financieras en contextos de gran complejidad organizacional y competitiva; tomando como base esta investigación, exploratoria y descriptiva, de las diferentes herramientas y es...

Electrification of small rural properties in the Cangucu-Brazil city using alternative sources for electricity generation; Eletrificacao de pequenas propriedades rurais do municipio de Cangucu empregando fontes alternativas para a producao de energia eletrica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hecktheuer, Lucio Almeida [Rio Grande do Sul Univ., Porto Alegre, RS (Brazil). Nucleo de Energia

1998-12-31

This paper aims at specifying and measuring the main alternative electrification system components, such as solar and eolic, which make use of the property`s energetical potential that, to a small extent, do not represent pollution sources to the environment. The results indicated that, the small rural properties of Cangucu country, which present a low daily electric energy consumption, these alternative systems are able to technically and economically supply electric energy and provide reasonable subsidies to electrification projects which can eventually be developed in the country. (author) 4 refs., 2 figs., 5 tabs.

Análisis de herramientas CASE para uso didáctico en diseño de bases de datos

OpenAIRE

Belletti, Cecilia; Motz, Regina

2002-01-01

En este trabajo se plantea un marco evaluatorio que resume las características elementales que debería presentar una herramienta CASE para el apoyo a los cursos de Bases de Datos, contemplando aspectos técnicos y didácticos. Se realiza una evaluación de herramientas CASE existentes relevadas y se plantea cuán lejos se está de satisfacer el ideal planteado y posibles alternativas para lograrlo.

Rural electrification through private models: the case of solar-powered mini-grid development in Kenya: Exploring the hybrid nature of private business models and the interplay between new players and existing structures in the Kenyan rural electrification regime

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pedersen, Mathilde Brix

2017-01-01

-effective alternative to traditional fossil fuel-based solutions like diesel generators in off-grid areas in many countries. This has made rural electrification through mini-grids an interesting area for private-sector firms looking to do mission-driven business in the growing African economies. This, in combination......, advocacy and other forms of institutional work, other actors are following a strategy of increasing cohesion within the niche by building partnerships and generating knowledge and learning. This shows how niches build and grow not only through niche-internal processes, but also through purposeful actor...

HISTORIAS DE APRENDIZAJE: UNA HERRAMIENTA PARA EL DESARROLLO ORGANIZACIONAL

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Ana Cristina Marín Fernández

2001-01-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo parte de una reflexión acerca de la importancia del aprendizaje al interior de las organizaciones en función de su desarrollo organizacional. Presenta una reseña de la metodología de historias de aprendizaje desarrollada por los profesores Art Kleiner y George Roth, en el Center for Organizational Learning y el Reflection Learning Associates de MIT, como una herramienta de tipo administrativo, utilizada para promover el aprendizaje y el desarrollo organizacional.

Rural electrification with multiple actors - the experience of the brazilian state of Sao Paulo

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pazzini, Luiz Henrique Alves; Pelegrini, Marcelo Aparecido; Ribeiro, Fernando Selles; Galvao, Luiz Claudio Ribeiro

1999-01-01

The lack of resources and the new scenery of private utilities turn necessary to look for the ways that allow to illuminate the rural zone. Several international papers show the involvement of different segments of the society as being a viable alternative to execute this goal. This paper analyses the experience of Sao Paulo in the practice of a program of rural electrification in which the society is involved. The model, the operational difficulties and the alternatives made to agile program are appraised. The main conclusion is that, in spite of the difficulties, the model in which the society is included is a viable alternative to solve the subject of the lack of energy in the countryside. (author)

Socio- economic impact study of the electrification by the photovoltaic solar system in the AIJ/RPTES project area

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2000-04-01

This report is a summary of the results of the study relating to the socio-economical impact of the electrification by photovoltaic solar system in the zones of the project AIJ/RPTES. The localities concerned with the study are the provinces of BALE and the MOUHOUN. The data analyzes relating to the electrification by solar system of the zones of the project AIJ/RPTES, revealed that solar electrical energy contributed to a significant degree to the socio-economic development, especially at the level of the structures having profited from the solar equipment. The principal conclusions drawn from these analyzes attested that: the solar system corresponds as well as possible for rural environment as well on the technological level as on the capacity plan of maintenance. The following reasons come to corroborate this fact: the weakness of the costs of management of the photovoltaic modules; the photovoltaic technic, in spite of a low incidental maximum power (1 kw/ m 2 ), satisfied the priority needs for the rural populations (lighting, access to information and education, conservation of the vaccines in the CSPS, etc). - be photovoltaic installations cause: an average financial profit by CSPS of 180 487.5 FCFA/an, and a financial economy in the parents of the new-born babies estimated at 36,600 FCFA/an in each CSPS; an average financial economy by household of 49,452 FCFA/an [fr

A case study of small hydro and grid extension for rural electrification alternatives and complementarities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tebicke, H.L.; Mariam, H.G.

1990-01-01

This paper reports that rural electrification in Eastern and Southern African Countries (ESAC) has so far been based largely on stand-alone diesel electric generating plant or on the extension of high-voltage transmission grids fed by large hydro and/or thermal electric generating stations. The alternative of furnishing supply at modest investment and competitive cost from a nearby small- hydro plant has rarely been considered in those countries of the sub-region that have ample hydro-power resources. All countries in the sub-region (except Angola) import petroleum and/or petroleum product supplies, as well as all hardware for electricity supply and utilization. As a result, in most countries an acute shortage of foreign exchange severely hampers implementation of rural electrification schemes. This should turn attention increasingly to strategies which are less capital-intensive and less dependent on foreign exchange, such as small-hydro plants, where the resource is located near to rural demand. Increasing the local content of small-hydro project implementation has paid off in recent years, considerably reducing costs in a number of Asian and Latin American projects. Local contributions have taken the form of resource assessment at a particular site, design, construction works, and fabrication of relatively simple components of power plant such as hydraulic equipment, low pressure penstocks and gates, as well as simpler types of turbines (e.g., the Banki type). Inadequacy of indigenous technical capacity to make similar local contributions in the ESAC has meant that the few recent small-hydro projects have relied on importing both expertise and equipment. The high costs resulting have frequently fueled arguments against pursuit of small-hydro projects

Golden Genesis and the Teotonio Vilela Foundation: commercializing PV residential electrification with a not-for-profit partner

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

D' Addario, P.J. [International Fund for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency, New York, NY (United States)

2000-11-01

This article presents a case study of a project which provides photovoltaic-based rural electrification in the state of Alagoas in northeastern Brazil. The project, the Luz do Sol Programme (LdS), was initiated in mid-1996 by the Golden Genesis Company (Golden) and the Fundacao Teotonio Vilela (FTV). The article emphasizes some noteworthy characteristics of the project: the partnership between US commercial and Brazilian philanthropic interests; the financial aspect, a dedicated line of credit requiring only the equipment itself as security; and the local ownership and management of system operations, collections, and routine maintenance. In 1996, the Golden Genesis Company had developed a central battery charging system to bring the price of electrification within the range of the rural poor; it financed the US content of the systems, with the Bank of the Northeast of Brazil (BN) financing the Brazilian content. The article traces the long and arduous path to establish the programme, including both bureaucratic and technical challenges. These difficulties brought the project to an impasse in August of 1998, and Golden withdrew. FTV then re-negotiated the agreement with BN, changing the technical approach to individual solar home systems. This improved the situation, and the project has since enjoyed 100% loan repayment rates from the entrepreneurs. In June 1999, BP/Solarex became FTV's new commercial partner. The project currently shows promise of becoming the commercially viable programme originally envisaged by Golden, with commercial and technical decision-making at the local level. (author)

Herramienta de software para el desarrollo de descripciones de hardware utilizando VHDL a partir de modelos gráficos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Roberto Vargas Rivero

2010-05-01

Full Text Available Con el objetivo de agilizar y facilitar el proceso de diseño de hardware se han realizado investigaciones relacionadas con la generación automática de descripciones VHDL a partir de modelos gráficos. En este documento se describe una herramienta de software que permite obtener la descripción VHDL a partir de un diagrama ASM o de un diagrama de componentes. Esta herramienta tiene la característica de que pueden reutilizarse descripciones ya creadas como nuevos componentes y la información contenida en diagramas ASM como parte de nuevos diagramas ASM. La herramienta es utilizada para generar la descripción VHDL de 15 circuitos comunes a partir de sus diagramas de componentes y ASMs, obteniéndose en un 53% de los casos descripciones equivalentes y en el resto de casos aproximadas.

RFID - EPC Código electrónico de producto como herramienta de control de merma

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yohany Andrés Jiménez Flórez

2013-07-01

Full Text Available La tecnología de identificación por radiofrecuencia o RFID, trabajando bajo el estándar de identificación global EPC (por sus siglas en inglés “Electrónic Product Code” ha revolucionado las cadenas de suministro a nivel global por su capacidad de incrementar la trazabilidad, visibilidad y eficiencia operativa, sin embargo, no ha sido abordado el impacto que puede tener como herramienta de seguridad para las compañías. Este trabajo presenta los hallazgos encontrados mediante el empleo de EPC como herramienta de seguridad y control al robo, comprobado por medio de una prueba piloto desarrollada durante un período de cuatro meses en un punto de venta en Colombia.

On the electrification of road transportation – A review of the environmental, economic, and social performance of electric two-wheelers

OpenAIRE

WEISS MARTIN; DEKKER Peter; MORO ALBERTO; SCHOLZ Harald; MARTIN Patel

2015-01-01

Electrification is widely considered as a viable strategy for reducing the oil dependency and environmental impacts of road transportation. In pursuit of this strategy, most attention has been paid to electric cars. However, substantial, yet untapped, potentials could be realized in urban areas through the large-scale introduction of electric two-wheelers. Here, we review the environmental, economic, and social performance of electric two-wheelers, demonstrating that these are generally more ...

Village electrification technologies - an evaluation of photovoltaic cells and compact fluorescent lamps and their applicability in rural villages based on a Tanzanian case study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gullberg, Monica; Ilskog, Elisabeth; Katyega, Maneno; Kjellstroem, B.

2005-01-01

Electrification of remote sites in developing countries is often realised trough diesel generator sets and an electric distribution network. This was also the technology used in the village Urambo, where the first rural electrification co-operative in Tanzania was started in 1994. Climate change however calls for decreased fossil fuel combustion worldwide and new technologies have been further developed since the erection of the diesel generator sets in Urambo. It is therefore not obvious that electrification of other rural areas shall follow the Urambo example. In this article, the situation for 250 electricity consumers in Urambo will be demonstrated and the implications for them of introducing new technologies will be evaluated. Technology options regarded in the study are individual photovoltaic (PV) power systems and either incandescent lamps, tube lights or compact fluorescent lights (CFLs) supplied by diesel generation. The different options have been evaluated with respect to consumer costs and environmental impact. The results of the comparison show that PV generation is able to compete with diesel generation if combined with incandescent lamps, but not when tube lights or CFLs are used in the conventional supply system. It should be noted, however, that while the diesel option offer financially more attractive solutions, individual PV systems do not result in any CO 2 emissions. Furthermore, PV systems normally have a higher reliability. However, since the diesel option is not only cheaper but also offers a wider range of energy services and facilitates, future connection to the national electric grid, the conclusion is that this is preferable before individual PV systems for communities similar to Urambo, if the consumers shall pay the full cost of the service

REASEM: Herramienta para la gestión de requisitos

OpenAIRE

Gómez Maldonado, Jorge Eduardo; Urrego Giraldo, German; González Palacio, Liliana

2009-01-01

El proyecto del cual se deriva este artículo está enmarcado en dos áreas principales: la Ingeniería de Requisitos (IR) y los Sistemas Embebidos (SE), y tiene como objetivo el desarrollo de una herramienta que apoye la metodología ABC-Besoins-SEM, concebida para la gestión de requisitos de Sistemas Embebidos (SE), en la perspectiva de la conceptualización de sistemas ubicuos, con uso intensivo de componentes de hardware/software. Los aplicativos de IR existentes tienen algunas carencias, tales...

Revisión de herramientas de asistencia en la selección de soluciones constructivas sostenibles de edificación

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Huedo, P.

2013-03-01

Full Text Available This paper presents a survey of the state-of-the-art in tools to assist in the selection of sustainable building assemblies based on Life Cycle Analysis (LCA. The tools are analysed to identify the characteristics that make them suitable to assist in the early phases of design. In a first phase of analysis, the existing tools are classified. In a second phase of analysis, the tools found to be more suitable to assist in building design are further analysed, by describing their advantages and limitations. In conclusion, a list of guidelines for the development of a Spanish tool to assist building designers in the selection of sustainable building assemblies is proposed.

Este artículo presenta un estado del arte de las herramientas existentes a nivel internacional de asistencia en la selección de soluciones constructivas sostenibles de edificación basadas en el Análisis de Ciclo de Vida (ACV, identificándose las características de estas que pueden ayudar a los proyectistas en las fases iniciales de diseño. En una primera fase, se clasifican las herramientas existentes. En una segunda fase, analizamos en detalle las herramientas mejor valoradas por los autores del artículo como apoyo al proyectista en las fases iniciales del proyecto. En este análisis se describen las ventajas y limitaciones que presentan estas herramientas. Como conclusión, se elabora un listado de directrices para el desarrollo, en España, de una herramienta que sirva de apoyo al proyectista para la selección de materiales y soluciones constructivas en la fase de diseño.

Herramienta web para resolver circuitos de corriente alterna

OpenAIRE

Rodríguez Alija, Eduardo

2012-01-01

El objetivo de este trabajo de fin de grado es el de construir desde el inicio una aplicación informática que funcione como herramienta web para la resolución de circuitos eléctricos de corriente alterna. Dicho trabajo abarcará desde la planificación de tiempo inicial, hasta el análisis, diseño y posterior construcción de la aplicación. La aplicación deberá ser capaz de permitir a cualquier usuario la creación del circuito eléctrico que desee, así como la resolución del mismo, calculando l...

Pyro-electrification of polymer membranes for cell patterning

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rega, R.; Gennari, O.; Mecozzia, L.; Grilli, S.; Pagliarulo, V.; Ferraro, P. [National Council of Research, Institute of Applied Science & Intelligent Systems (ISASI) ‘E. Caianiello’, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli (Italy)

2016-05-18

In the recent years, much attention has been devoted to the possibility of charging polymer-based materials, due to their potential in developing large-scale and inexpensive flexible thin-film technology. The availability of localized electrostatic fields is in of great interest for a huge amount of applications such as distribution of biomolecules and cells from the liquid phase. Here we report a voltage-free pyro-electrification (PE) process able to induce permanent dipoles into polymer layers; the lithium niobate (LN) crystal is the key component that plays the multi-purpose role of sustaining, heating and poling the polymer layer that is then peeled-off easily in order to have a free-standing charged membrane. The results show the fascinating application for the living cell patterning. It well known that cell behaviour is affected by chemical and topographical cues of substrate. In fact, polymers, such as polystyrene (PS) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), are naturally cytophobic and require specific functionalization treatments in order to promote cell adhesion. Through our proposal technique, it’s possible to obtain spontaneous organization and a driven growth of SH-SY5Y cells that is solely dictated by the nature of the charge polymer surface, opening, in this way, the innovative chance to manipulate and transfer biological samples on a free-standing polymer layer [1].

Herramienta para el control del 10 % de los Fondos Bibliotecarios.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lisette Martínez Pérez

2007-01-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo expone las características y facilidades que brinda el software llamado SIB el cual se creó en el Centro de Información y Gestión Tecnológica de Sancti Spíritus, este surgió como respuesta a la necesidad de automatizar y viabilizar el procedimiento, ya que hasta el momento se realizaba en Microsoft Excel en tablas por cada tipo de literatura, no facilitando las ventajas que se reciben con un software especializado y diseñado con las características de nuestra entidad. Esta herramienta permite determinar de forma aleatoria el 10 % de los inventarios mensuales. Teniendo en cuenta algunos criterios genera una serie de informe estadísticos entre los que se encuentran el Submayor Cuenta 195-000 Fondos Bibliotecarios y realiza búsqueda para listar ejemplares utilizando estos criterios. El uso de esta herramienta, reduce el tiempo que deben invertir tanto las personas de los departamentos de economía como los bibliotecarios en hacer dichos inventarios, lo que posibilita un mejor servicio a los usuarios al verse menos tiempo cerrada la sala de lectura del nuestro centro de información por esta causa. Los reportes pueden ser exportados tanto en formato Microsoft Word como en Excel lo cual ofrece la ventaja de guardarlos en otros dispositivos de almacenamientos y trasladarlos.

El Diseño Sustentable como Herramienta para el Desarrollo de la Arquitectura y Edificación en México El Diseño Sustentable como Herramienta para el Desarrollo de la Arquitectura y Edificación en México

OpenAIRE

Silverio Hernández Moreno

2012-01-01

Este artículo presenta y describe una herramienta muy importante para el proceso del Diseño Sustentable en Arquitectura y Urbanismo. Explica en qué consiste el Diseño Sustentable y su relación con el Diseño por Ciclo de Vida en los Edificios, lo cual es otra herramienta que complementa a su vez al proceso de Diseño durante la concepción de proyectos de arquitectura, y durante la misma ejecución de los trabajos de construcción y mantenimiento del inmueble. Este documento también hace referenc...

Evolución de los factores de posicionamiento web y adaptación de las herramientas de optimización

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Morato, Jorge

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Search Engine Optimization (SEO tools are designed to analyze and optimize resources regarding positioning factors. Web positioning techniques are applied in order to improve the relevancy of web resources. Webmasters usually use SEO tools to analyze a web site according to some positioning factor. They are required to be updated to achieve two basic goals: to increase the user’s satisfaction while searching the web and to decrease web spamming. We have studied the trends that affect positioning algorithms and optimization techniques. Several SEO tools were analysed in order to learn which functionalities have been implemented. Furthermore, an experiment was performed to test how the positioning factors help optimize the results and if these factors are present in the functionalities found in the SEO tools. Finally, a literature review was carried out to detect future trends in search engines’ algorithms. Results show that SEO tools help in the optimization process but to an insufficient degree; therefore the algorithm’s evolution study suggests that there is a need for major updates in the short term.Las herramientas de optimización web, Search Engine Optimization (SEO, se utilizan para analizar y mejorar los sitios web en relación a distintos factores de posicionamiento. Esta investigación estudia la evolución de las estrategias de posicionamiento web y analiza la adaptación de las herramientas de optimización a estos factores. Además, se estudian qué factores de posicionamiento están presentes en las herramientas SEO más populares. En la fase experimental se analiza el grado en que las estrategias de optimización mejoran el posicionamiento, y en qué medida se encuentran esas funcionalidades en las herramientas SEO. Adicionalmente se han analizado foros y blogs oficiales para descubrir nuevas pautas de evolución de los motores de búsqueda y el grado en que las herramientas SEO pueden adaptarse a dichos cambios. Aunque estas

FORMACIÓN DEL CIUDADANO AMBIENTAL A PARTIR DE HERRAMIENTAS EDUCATIVAS

OpenAIRE

Adriana Carolina Herrera López; Lenny Johana Villa Hurtado; Diego Mauricio Laverde Ruiz

2015-01-01

La educación ambiental se encuentra contemplada como una de las principales preocupaciones de la sociedad, esto se evidencia desde la legislación constitucional hasta en las normativas de las instituciones educativas y en diversos escenarios sociales. Es preciso establecer las relaciones entre la educación cívica y educación ambiental que provean herramientas prácticas para conciliar el comportamiento proambiental con la necesidad de intervenir positivamente en el medio ambiente. Este pro...

Herramientas libres para modelar software Free tools to model software

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mauro Callejas Cuervo Óscar Yovany Baquero Moreno

2010-11-01

Full Text Available Observación acerca del  software libre y de suimplicación en procesos de desarrollo de  softwarecon herramientas 4G por parte de entidades opersonas sin capitales astronómicos y sin lamentalidad acaparadora de dominar el mercado conproductos costosos que las hagan multimillonarias yque no ofrecen una garantía real, ni la posibilidadsiquiera de conocer el  software por el que se hapagado, y mucho menos de modificarlo si no cumplenuestras expectativas.

Spatial heterogeneity in utilities, equity and collective efficiency: the case of rural electrification and demand side management; Heterogeneite spatiale d'un service de reseau, equite et efficacite collective: la distribution rurale d'electricite et la maitrise de la demande

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nadaud, F

2005-11-15

This thesis has for object the evolution of the economic optimum in the electric industry under spatial equity constraint that present a strong spatial heterogeneity of its supply conditions. One analyses the evolution of the rural electrification regime in France both in terms of economic and social efficiency. We examine the rationality of extending the sectoral optimization under equity constraint to the rationalization of electricity end-uses in the heterogeneous space of rural electricity supply. To this question are given two responses. The firsts pertains to modify the incentives in the institutional regime of rural electrification so the MDE may be integrated in the strategies of rural electrification syndicates. One inspire from incentives mechanisms of the anglo-saxon DSM practice. The second is statistical zoning method of demand and distribution grid whose object is to localize action basins for large scale MDE projects. (author)

Sistema de evaluaciones en línea como herramienta para los niveles de educación media superior

OpenAIRE

Diego Armando Centeno Brambila; Ariel Lira Obando

2015-01-01

El presente artículo trata sobre la información recabada y el software desarrollado como resultado de las principales necesidades que debe de cubrir una herramienta informática para la elaboración de exámenes a nivel bachillerato en México. En la actualidad el uso de las tecnologías en línea en las instituciones educativas se han convertido en una herramienta de gran importancia y necesidad. Por lo tanto, esta investigación propone el desarrollo de un Sistema Web simple y fácil de usar ...

FAR from the grid: A rural electrification field study

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Diaz, P.; Pena, R. [Escuela Politecnica, Universidad de Alcala, Campus Universitario, 28805 Alcala de Henares, Madrid (Spain); Arias, C.A.; Sandoval, D. [Empresa Jujena de Servicios Energeticos Dispersos (EJSEDSA), Independencia 60, 4600 San Salvador de Jujuy, Jujuy (Argentina)

2010-12-15

This paper analyses the field performance of different off-grid generation technologies applied to the electrification of rural villages. Autonomous diesel generators are the most extended technology. It is a well known application, although it has also some disadvantages: fuel transportation and consumption costs, maintenance needs or environmental problems. In places where accessibility is difficult and costly, the use of local energy resources (basically renewable) constitutes a significant advantage. Due to the intermittent character of those resources, renewable generation systems are sometimes associated to diesel gen-sets in order to increase the reliability of supply of small and medium-size communities. A comparative analysis between diesel, hydro-diesel and photovoltaic-diesel technologies is presented in this article. It is based on data collected from systems installed in the rural area of the province of Jujuy, northwest of Argentina. The study covers from year 2001 to 2008, with a research universe of 16 locations supplied by thermal diesel generation (1 with a large-diesel system and other 15 with smaller ones), 5 locations with hydro-diesel and 7 with photovoltaic-diesel systems. The energy demand evolution of rural villages is also studied because of its influence on the system operation and sustainability. (author)

Valoración del uso de las herramientas colaborativas wikispaces y google drive en la educación superior

OpenAIRE

Brescó Baiges, Enric; Verdú Surroca, Noemí

2014-01-01

En el presente estudio se lleva a cabo una valoración de las herramientas Wikispace y documentos de Google Drive. La mayoría de estudiantes conocen la wiki y aproximadamente la mitad de ellos tienen conocimiento de Google Drive. A pesar de esto, y sin que las dos herramientas presenten un grado de dificultad elevada en cuanto a su uso. Google drive obtiene mejores resultados, considerándola mejor a nivel de comunicación y organización del trabajo. This paper aims to analyse student’s op...

Electrification on the road to mass production; Elektrifizierung auf dem Weg zur Grossserie

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Stuetzle, Rupert; Groeter, Peter; Lichtermann, Jan [Bosch Engineering GmbH, Tamm (Germany)

2011-02-15

Drivetrain electrification is an important frontline theme for automakers and automotive suppliers. It has already made inroads into mass production in the shape of start-stop systems. By contrast, the volumes of full hybrids are still small among most automakers; the first electric cars from the major automakers are now entering series production. Whereas the focus in the initial projects was still on attaining the necessary technical maturity, the issue of cost will increasingly take center stage in future. Variant management will also become more important in light of the wide range of vehicle topologies and technical solutions, as more and more model ranges are electrified: Modular systems and standardized interfaces are key elements in meeting cost targets. Simply optimizing individual components is not enough in this respect. The search for optimum solutions must start right from system level, describes Bosch. (orig.)

Potential for widespread electrification of personal vehicle travel in the United States

Science.gov (United States)

Needell, Zachary A.; McNerney, James; Chang, Michael T.; Trancik, Jessika E.

2016-09-01

Electric vehicles can contribute to climate change mitigation if coupled with decarbonized electricity, but only if vehicle range matches travellers’ needs. Evaluating electric vehicle range against a population’s needs is challenging because detailed driving behaviour must be taken into account. Here we develop a model to combine information from coarse-grained but expansive travel surveys with high-resolution GPS data to estimate the energy requirements of personal vehicle trips across the US. We find that the energy requirements of 87% of vehicle-days could be met by an existing, affordable electric vehicle. This percentage is markedly similar across diverse cities, even when per capita gasoline consumption differs significantly. We also find that for the highest-energy days, other vehicle technologies are likely to be needed even as batteries improve and charging infrastructure expands. Car sharing or other means to serve this small number of high-energy days could play an important role in the electrification and decarbonization of transportation.

El mercadeo social como herramienta gerencial en las organizaciones inteligentes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lucía Urdaneta

2014-01-01

Full Text Available El propósito fundamental de este artículo fue analizar el mercadeo social como herramienta gerencial en las organizaciones inteligentes basándose en los criterios de Senge (2006, Benavides (2001, Siliceo (2001, Pérez (2004 entre otros. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo documental, orientado a estudiar la importancia de transformar las prácticas gerenciales actuales inmersas en un entorno competitivo lo cual ha conllevado a asumir innovadoras herramientas mercadológicas para aumentar su participación, posicionamiento, entre otros en el mercado y lograr el cumplimiento de todas las actividades necesarias en el logro de los objetivos de toda organización inteligente en apoyo a la consolidación del proyecto de vida empresarial.Palabras Clave: Mercadeo Social; Gerencia; Organizaciones Inteligentes. The social marketing like managerial tool in the inteligents organizationsAbstractThe fundamental purpose of this article is to analyze Social Marketing as a managerial tool in intelligent organizations, based on criteria developed by Senge (2006, Benavides (2001, Siliceo (2001, Perez (2004, among others. A descriptive study of documentary evidence was carried out to study the importance of transforming the current managerial practices in a competitive environment. This has brought about the creation of innovative marketing tools in order to increase market share and positioning, and therefore perform all the necessary activities that an intelligent organization requires to consolidate its entrepreneurial project.Keywords: Social Marketing; Management; Intelligent Organizations.

Diseño de Herramientas Didácticas Enfocadas al Aprendizaje de Sistemas de Control Utilizando Instrumentación Virtual

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

J. Martínez

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Resumen: En este artículo se describe el diseño de tres herramientas didácticas enfocadas al aprendizaje de sistemas de control implementadas en el software de instrumentación virtual LabVIEW. Estas herramientas están dirigidas al análisis de estabilidad en sistemas de control, el diseño de compensadores utilizando la técnica del lugar geométrico de las raíces y el diseño de compensadores utilizando la técnica de respuesta en frecuencia con trazas de Bode. Cada una de estas herramientas didácticas cuenta con una interfaz gráfica amigable con el usuario. La ventaja de estas herramientas didácticas es que incluyen opciones para realizar simulación en las áreas de control que software especializado no tiene. Abstract: This paper describes the design of three didactic tools focused on learning of control systems implemented in LabVIEW virtual instruments software. These tools are dedicated to stability analysis in control systems, compensator design using root locus approach and Bode diagrams in the frequency domain. Each of them has a friendly interface with the user. The advantage of these didactic tools is the several options to simulate some characteristics referent to control in contrast with others teaching tools. Palabras clave: Estabilidad, Simulación de Sistemas, Educación en Control, Laboratorio Virtual, Keywords: Stability, simulation systems, control education, virtual laboratory

A Decentralized Control Architecture applied to DC Nanogrid Clusters for Rural Electrification in Developing Regions

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nasir, Mashood; Jin, Zheming; Khan, Hassan

2018-01-01

resources with the community. An adaptive I-V droop method is used which relies on local measurements of SOC and DC bus voltage for the coordinated power sharing among the contributing nanogrids. PV generation capability of individual nanogrids is synchronized with the grid stability conditions through......DC microgrids built through bottom-up approach are becoming very popular for swarm electrification due to their scalability and resource sharing capabilities. However, they typically require sophisticated control techniques involving communication among the distributed resources for stable...... and coordinated operation. In this work, we present a communication-less strategy for the decentralized control of a PV/battery-based highly distributed DC microgrid. The architecture consists of clusters of nanogrids (households), where each nanogrid can work independently along with provisions of sharing...

Technological shape and size: A disaggregated perspective on sectoral innovation systems in renewable electrification pathways

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hansen, Ulrich Elmer; Gregersen, Cecilia; Lema, Rasmus

2018-01-01

important analytical implications because the disaggregated perspective allows us to identify trajectories that cut across conventionally defined core technologies. This is important for ongoing discussions of electrification pathways in developing countries. We conclude the paper by distilling......The sectoral innovation system perspective has been developed as an analytical framework to analyse and understand innovation dynamics within and across various sectors. Most of the research conducted on sectoral innovation systems has focused on an aggregate-level analysis of entire sectors....... This paper argues that a disaggregated (sub-sectoral) focus is more suited to policy-oriented work on the development and diffusion of renewable energy, particularly in countries with rapidly developing energy systems and open technology choices. It focuses on size, distinguishing between small-scale (mini...

Análisis predictivo : Técnicas y modelos utilizados y aplicaciones del mismo - herramientas Open Source que permiten su uso

OpenAIRE

Espino Timón, Carlos

2017-01-01

El análisis predictivo es una de las herramientas que forman parte de un conjunto de técnicas más amplio conocido como Business Intelligence. El presente trabajo ha pretendido determinar si existen herramientas open source capaces de cumplir los requerimientos del análisis predictivo. L'anàlisi predictiu és una de les eines que formen part d'un conjunt de tècniques més ampli conegut com a Business Intelligence. El present treball ha pretès determinar si existeixen eines Open Source capaços...

Power sector reforms in Ethiopia: options for promoting local investments in rural electrification

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Teferra, Mengistu [Ministry of Economic Development and Co-operation, Addis Ababa (Ethiopia)

2002-09-01

An estimated 13% of Ethiopia's population has access to electricity. Almost all electrified centres are urban, with rural areas as well as most small rural towns largely unelectrified. Rural electrification (RE) thus remains a major challenge to the power sector of Ethiopia. The national power utility (EEPCO) has traditionally been assigned the task of electrifying rural demand centres. EEPCO has, however, concentrated on the more developed and profitable urban areas. The objective of this article is to present the findings of a study that examined whether the ongoing power sector reforms in Ethiopia can attract private investment in RE as an alternative to the sole reliance on EEPCO. Initial findings of the study indicate that private investment in RE can be enhanced with some improvement in the legal and regulatory provisions, along with extension of technical assistance from EEPCO to private investors. (Author)

Herramientas de integración y desarrollo continuo para proyectos de software colaborativo

OpenAIRE

San Nicolás Martínez, César Francisco

2017-01-01

El objeto de este TFE es el desarrollo de dos sistemas de integración continua para la herramienta Net2Plan basado cada uno de ellos en un gestor de integración continua, el primero en Jenkins y el segundo en Travis Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Telecomunicación Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena

Modelos para el análisis comparativo de herramientas de software: Una revisión sistemática de la literatura

OpenAIRE

Romero de Souza Ferreyra, Yanire

2017-01-01

El análisis comparativo es el proceso mediante el cual se analiza el uso de determinadas herramientas de software bajo criterios de evaluación con la finalidad de determinar cuál es la más adecuada para el contexto seleccionado. Dicho análisis requiere modelos y sus elementos (procedimientos, prácticas, técnicas y herramientas, entre otros) bajo los cuales debe ser llevado a cabo para obtener los mejores resultados sobre el objeto de estudio. (OBJETIVOS) En este estudi...

Introducción a los sistemas de gestión de la seguridad basados en ISO 27001 y desarrollo de herramienta de soporte a la implantación

OpenAIRE

Fernández Carravilla, Daniel

2013-01-01

El presente proyecto presenta una introducción a los sistemas de gestión de la Seguridad de la Información (o SGSI) y describe el proceso de desarrollo de una herramienta informática de soporte a la implantación de forma fácil, eficaz y eficiente de un SGSI (se referirá a partir de ahora a esta herramienta como Herramienta de Implantación y Seguimiento de SGSI o HIS-SGSI) según lo definido por el estándar ISO/IEC 27001:2005.

Herramienta para programar un controlador lógico programable basado en hardware reconfigurable

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Valery Moreno Vega

2011-09-01

Full Text Available Normal 0 21 false false false MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:#0400; mso-fareast-language:#0400; mso-bidi-language:#0400;} El presente trabajo se basa en el desarrollo de una herramienta que permita programar un controlador lógico programable (PLC basado en hardware reconfigurable. El desarrollo de la aplicación está  sustentado por una de las metodologías ágiles descrita por XP, utilizando las técnicas de modelación establecidas por el Lenguaje Unificado de Modelado (UML y haciendo uso de una potente herramienta de programación y diseño de interfaces gráficas como es Qt. La programación del PLC se realiza mediante el lenguaje de escalera, atendiendo la norma IEC 61131-3.

La geometalurgia: una excelente herramienta multidisciplinaria para la vinculación universidad-industria

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Efrén Pérez Segura

2013-06-01

Full Text Available La geometalurgia es una herramienta que involucra a especialistas en el campo de la geología, la microscopía, la minería y la metalurgia extractiva para optimizar los procesos de explotación y beneficio de los minerales. Dicha herramienta ha tomado auge en el mundo en los últimos años, gracias a la comprensión de que las menas son combinaciones de minerales, no de elementos químicos y, puesto que todos los procesos tratan con minerales, son las características fisicoquímicas de éstos las que determinan las condiciones de un proceso de recuperación industrial. Considerando que la industria minera en México ha jugado un importante papel en el desarrollo nacional, que no existen en nuestro país laboratorios de investigación o de servicios que trabajen la geometalurgia y que la Universidad de Sonora cuenta con los especialistas necesarios para abordar este campo con éxito, se propone la conformación de un equipo humano que se vincule a la industria con este tipo de servicios.

EL CRM COMO HERRAMIENTA PARA EL SERVICIO AL CLIENTE EN LA ORGANIZACIÓN

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Boyero Saavedra, Martín Ramiro

2013-01-01

Full Text Available El servicio constituye la experiencia fundamental en la que tiene lugar el contacto entre la organización y el cliente. De la forma adecuada como se efectúe esta relación, depende la conservación o perdida de un cliente. Es imperativo por tanto que las organizaciones visualicen el servicio como el elemento esencial en el que radica el sentido mismo de su existencia y pertinencia. El servicio en la organización busca esencialmente satisfacer aquellas necesidades que presenta el cliente, es por ello que puede afirmarse entonces que la ausencia de demanda de servicios no le permite a las organizaciones desarrollar proyectos que giren en torno a ello. Frente al servicio como factor esencial en la organización, diversas herramientas han sido desarrolladas con el fin de que haya un mejoramiento continuo en la satisfacción de las necesidades de los clientes, una de ellas es el CRM (Customer Relationship Management que en este artículo se presenta como una herramienta importante para generar impacto en los servicios que presta la organización.

La inteligencia emocional: una herramienta necesaria para el liderazgo. Concepto y componentes

OpenAIRE

Mart?nez Percy, Armando Martin

2013-01-01

La inteligencia emocional ser? la herramienta y/o recurso m?s importante del siglo XXI para sobrevivir a una ?poca de ?cambio permanente?. Es b?sica para incrementar el rendimiento profesional y el bienestar personal especialmente en profesiones complejas, como las que incluyen las relaciones personales como centro y principal motor de la actividad: educaci?n, recursos humanos, comunicaci?n, etc. Daniel Goleman (1995), conocido como el autor de la inteligencia emocional, arg...

DETERMINACIÓN DE SEXO EN AVES MEDIANTE HERRAMIENTAS MOLECULARES

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

NUBIA E. MATTA CAMACHO

2009-01-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN La ausencia de dimorfismo sexual en los estadios juveniles y durante la edad adulta de gran cantidad de especies de aves, dificulta o imposibilita la determinación del sexo basados en el fenotipo. El empleo de marcadores moleculares para determinar el sexo de las aves es una herramienta útil debido a la exactitud y rapidez de los resultados y a su vez se constituye en un método que minimiza el estrés durante la toma de muestra, comparado con otras técnicas invasivas que pudieran afectar la salud o estabilidad biológica del animal. La determinación temprana del sexo en aves resulta de especial relevancia cuando se consideran programas de conservación ex situ, producción, explotación y estudios de ecología de poblaciones. Esta revisión presenta las metodologías usadas para determinar el sexo, haciendo especial énfasis en herramientas moleculares, presentando sus ventajas y limitaciones. Palabras clave: dimorfismo sexual, aves, CHD, tipificación molecular cromosoma W, cromosoma Z. ABSTRACT The lack of sexual dimorphism in nestling, juvenile or adult birds of large number of avian species, makes it difficult or impossible sex determination based on phenotipic characteristics. To use molecular markers for bird sex determination is a rapid and safe procedure; moreover this methodology minimizes the stress during sampling, compared to other invasive techniques that could affect the health or biological stability of the animal. The early sex determination in birds is of particular importance when considering ex situ conservation programs, production, exploitation or population ecology studies. This review presents the methodologies used to sex determination, making emphasize on molecular tools, showing its advantages and limitations. Keywords: sexual dimorphism, birds, CHD, molecular typing, W chromosome, Z chromosome

El texto libre, una herramienta para el aprendizaje creativo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Esther Santaella Rodríguez

2018-04-01

Full Text Available El siguiente artículo ofrece una descripción del texto libre como técnica a emplear en el aula, enmarcada dentro de la propuesta educativa defendida desde la pedagogía Freinet, por tanto no es una mera herramienta a utilizar de forma indistinta por maestros y maestras, sino que se enmarca bajo unos principios y cuestiones básicas relacionados con la renovación educativa, que también requiere de la implicación de docentes comprometidos con la misma. El texto libre es una técnica fundamentalmente utilizada para la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de la Lengua en la escuela, que no sólo se relaciona con la expresión y comprensión escritas sino también con la oral. Entre los principios fundamentales sobre los que se sustenta el empleo de esta técnica está el de la libre expresión, como base fundamental para la creación de estos textos, pero otra de las cuestiones que se pueden destacar del empleo de esta herramienta educativa es el hecho de que favorece el desarrollo de las habilidades creativas entre el alumnado, en tanto que son sus propios intereses y sus motivaciones las cuestiones básicas que animan a niños y niñas en la construcción de sus aprendizajes. Además, en su utilización se refleja el desarrollo de otros principios muy presentes en la pedagogía Freinet, como por ejemplo la cooperación, la autonomía o la vinculación del entorno y la realidad más próxima al alumnado, con su propio proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje dentro y fuera de las aulas.

El Diseño Sustentable como Herramienta para el Desarrollo de la Arquitectura y Edificación en México

OpenAIRE

Silverio Hernández Moreno

2008-01-01

Este artículo presenta y describe una herramienta muy importante para el proceso del Diseño Sustentable en Arquitectura y Urbanismo. Explica en qué consiste el Diseño Sustentable y su relación con el Diseño por Ciclo de Vida en los Edifi cios, lo cual es otra herramienta que complementa a su vez al proceso de Diseño durante la concepción de proyectos de arquitectura, y durante la misma ejecución de los trabajos de construcción y mantenimiento del inmueble. Este documento también hace referenc...

Electricity distribution industry restructuring, electrification, and competition in South Africa

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Galen, P.S.

1997-07-01

This paper reviews the status of the South African electricity supply industry (ESI) and proposals for reorienting and restructuring it. South Africa has been intensely examining its ESI for more than 4 years in an effort to determine whether and how it should be restructured to best support the country's new economic development and social upliftment goals. The debate has been spirited and inclusive of most ESI stakeholders. The demands on and expectations for the ESI are many and varied. The debate has reflected this diversity of interests and views. In essence, however, there is a consensus on what is expected of the industry, namely, to extend provision of adequate, reliable, and affordable electricity service to all citizens and segments of the economy. This means a large-scale electrification program to reach as many of the nearly 50% of households currently without electricity service as soon as possible, tariff reform to promote equity and efficiency, and the upgrading of service quality now being provided by some of the newly consolidated municipal authorities. The issues involved are how best to achieve these results within the context of the national Reconstruction and Development Program, while accounting for time and resource constraints and balancing the interests of the various parties

Schemes for photovoltaic-wind electrification in rural areas of Syria

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hamzeh, A.; Kaadan, M.

2004-01-01

The electricity authority has, over the years, connected most of population to the electric grid. But for very small villages (2000 villages which are yet to be electrified) and newly established Bedouins settlements (80,000 Bedouin families), the cost of grid connections would be high. The purpose of this paper is to propose planning schemes for off-grid hybrid PV-wind power systems that are suitable for energy requirements and general conditions of Syrian remote small villages. A case study will be introduced where a village with 25 houses and a school is to be supplied by hybrid PV-wind AC systems. The paper presents first a survey and operation evaluation of the PV power systems installed in Syria. Three types of stand-alone PV electrification systems (centralized, individual DC and individual AC systems) with a total capacity of about 100 kW were installed in Syria. Furthermore, the paper presents a summary of the renewable energy development plans, especially PV and PV hybrid systems, included in the renewable energy master plan that was recently performed for Syria. The master plan suggests activities to develop wind, bio-energy, solar, hydro and hybrid systems, which will provide heat and power to Syrian energy needs until 2010. (authors)

Electrification of Sub-Saharan Africa through PV/hybrid mini-grids: Reducing the gap between current business models and on-site experience

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Moner-Girona, M.; Solano-Peralta, M.; Lazopoulou, M.

2018-01-01

involvement. Regarding policy considerations, stronger political will coupled with proactive rural electrification strategies and targeted renewable energy regulatory framework would be essential in order to establish viable dynamic domestic market for off grid renewables. In the presented benchmarking...... be mitigated through studying the issues that influence mini-grid costs (both hardware and software). In addition to understanding other factors that can influence project costs such as the market maturity and remoteness of the site, organisation capability, development approach, and level of community...

Una herramienta para la selección automatizada de aceros en el contexto de la Ingeniería Mecánica

OpenAIRE

Dumitrescu, L.; Quesada-Estrada, A.M.; Pérez-Rodríguez, R.; Hernández, L.W.

2010-01-01

El diseño de Ingeniería de un producto o componente constituye una actividad difícil, compleja y multidisciplinaria, enfocada a la resolución de problemas. En el presente trabajo se muestra el desarrollo de una herramienta automatizada para la selección de los aceros más utilizados en la construcción de maquinarias. La herramienta constituye una ayuda para la selección de los materiales desde la etapa conceptual del proceso de diseño, donde se identifican las diferentes categorías de material...

Capacitación docente para el uso pedagógico de herramientas digitales colaborativas: un estudio de caso con Eduloc y Popplet

OpenAIRE

Yépez, Verónica Elizabeth Játiva

2017-01-01

El desarrollo de competencias en el siglo XXI para docentes y alumnos, los entornos de aprendizaje colaborativo, la geolocalización y los mapas mentales como herramientas educativas fueron la motivación para la realización del presente estudio, que pretendió conocer ¿De qué manera utilizan las herramientas digitales colaborativas los docentes que realizaron la capacitación en EDULOC y POPPLET? Se desarrolló una investigación de tipo descriptiva, de enfoque mixto (cualitativo-cuantitativo) con...

Assessments of wind-energy potential in selected sites from three geopolitical zones in Nigeria: implications for renewable/sustainable rural electrification.

Science.gov (United States)

Okeniyi, Joshua Olusegun; Ohunakin, Olayinka Soledayo; Okeniyi, Elizabeth Toyin

2015-01-01

Electricity generation in rural communities is an acute problem militating against socioeconomic well-being of the populace in these communities in developing countries, including Nigeria. In this paper, assessments of wind-energy potential in selected sites from three major geopolitical zones of Nigeria were investigated. For this, daily wind-speed data from Katsina in northern, Warri in southwestern and Calabar in southeastern Nigeria were analysed using the Gumbel and the Weibull probability distributions for assessing wind-energy potential as a renewable/sustainable solution for the country's rural-electrification problems. Results showed that the wind-speed models identified Katsina with higher wind-speed class than both Warri and Calabar that were otherwise identified as low wind-speed sites. However, econometrics of electricity power simulation at different hub heights of low wind-speed turbine systems showed that the cost of electric-power generation in the three study sites was converging to affordable cost per kWh of electric energy from the wind resource at each site. These power simulations identified cost/kWh of electricity generation at Kaduna as €0.0507, at Warri as €0.0774, and at Calabar as €0.0819. These bare positive implications on renewable/sustainable rural electrification in the study sites even as requisite options for promoting utilization of this viable wind-resource energy in the remote communities in the environs of the study sites were suggested.

A Novel Off-Grid Optimal Hybrid Energy System for Rural Electrification of Tanzania Using a Closed Loop Cooled Solar System

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Muhammad Adil Khan

2018-04-01

Full Text Available A large proportion of the world’s populations live in developing countries. Rural areas in many of these countries are isolated geographically from grid connections and they have a very low rate of electrification. The uninterrupted power supply (UPS in these regions is a considerable challenge. The use of renewable energy resources (RER in an off-grid hybrid energy system can be a pathway to solving this problem. Tanzania has a very low electrification rate (rural 16.9%, urban 65.3%. This paper discussed, described, designed a novel uninterruptible, and environmental friendly solar-wind hybrid energy system (HES for remote area of Tanzania having closed loop cooled-solar system (CLC-SS. An optimized configuration for the proposed HES was obtained by Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewable (HOMER analysis software using local solar and wind resources. The designed CLC-SS improved the efficiency of the hybrid solar-wind systems by extracting more power from the solar modules. An evaluation of CLC-SS revealed a 10.23% increase in power output from conventional solar PV modules. The results validate that the optimized system’s energy cost (COE is 0.26 $/kWh and the net present cost (NPC of the system is $7110.53. The enhanced output solar wind hybrid system, designed in this paper is cost-effective and can be applied easily to other regions of the world with similar climate conditions.

Assessments of Wind-Energy Potential in Selected Sites from Three Geopolitical Zones in Nigeria: Implications for Renewable/Sustainable Rural Electrification

Science.gov (United States)

Okeniyi, Joshua Olusegun; Ohunakin, Olayinka Soledayo; Okeniyi, Elizabeth Toyin

2015-01-01

Electricity generation in rural communities is an acute problem militating against socioeconomic well-being of the populace in these communities in developing countries, including Nigeria. In this paper, assessments of wind-energy potential in selected sites from three major geopolitical zones of Nigeria were investigated. For this, daily wind-speed data from Katsina in northern, Warri in southwestern and Calabar in southeastern Nigeria were analysed using the Gumbel and the Weibull probability distributions for assessing wind-energy potential as a renewable/sustainable solution for the country's rural-electrification problems. Results showed that the wind-speed models identified Katsina with higher wind-speed class than both Warri and Calabar that were otherwise identified as low wind-speed sites. However, econometrics of electricity power simulation at different hub heights of low wind-speed turbine systems showed that the cost of electric-power generation in the three study sites was converging to affordable cost per kWh of electric energy from the wind resource at each site. These power simulations identified cost/kWh of electricity generation at Kaduna as €0.0507, at Warri as €0.0774, and at Calabar as €0.0819. These bare positive implications on renewable/sustainable rural electrification in the study sites even as requisite options for promoting utilization of this viable wind-resource energy in the remote communities in the environs of the study sites were suggested. PMID:25879063

Impacts evaluation: recent experience in rural electrification; Avaliacao de impactos: experiencia recente em eletrificacao rural

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pereira, Marcio Giannini; Rodrigues, Alexia de Freitas; Paz, Luciana Rocha Leal da [Centro de Pesquisas de Energia Eletrica (CEPEL), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Camacho, Cristiane Farias [Fundacao Padre Leonel Franca (FPLF), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2008-07-01

The electric power is one of the important requirements for the promotion of the social inclusion and of the development, especially in rural areas. In order to fill out this gap, the Brazilian government established as a goal reaches the universalization of the public electric energy services to provide conditions for the improvement of the quality of life of the urban and rural population. In this sense, the evaluation of the recent experiences in rural electrification can be of great help to achieve this objective in an efficient way. The results of such evaluation can point out some actions for the universalization of the attendance seeking for the continuous improvement of the planning and decision making process, either in the direction of the attendance of the proposed goals or in the poverty mitigation. (author)

Remote community electrification program - small wind integration in BC's offgrid communities

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lafaille, Julien [BC Hydro (Canada)

2011-07-01

The paper presents the Remote Community Electrification (RCE) program and wind integration in BC's off grid communities. The program offers electric utility service to eligible remote communities in BC. Most of them are offered off-grid services although it is cheaper to connect a community to a grid. BC hydro serves some communities that are not connected to the main grid. Local diesel or small hydro-generating stations are used to serve remote communities. The renewable energy program target is to reach 50% of remote communities. The reason that wind is a small part of the renewables is that hydro and biomass are abundant in BC. Some other barriers include high installation costs, durability concerns, and lack of in-house technical expertise. Some small Wind initiatives that have been taken were relatively few and fairly small. It can be concluded that due to a poor wind resource and the relatively low cost of diesel, there is limited potential for wind in BC remote communities.

Sizing through simulation of systems for photovoltaic solar energy applied to rural electrification

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rodríguez‐Borges, Ciaddy Gina; Sarmiento‐Sera, Antonio

2011-01-01

The present work is based on the sizing method by means of simulation of the photovoltaic systems energy behavior, applied to rural electrification in regions far from the electric net. The denomination of infra/over sized systems is made and a requested analysis of one particular case is exposed, where it is considered two energy options of different qualities of electric service and the economic valuation of each option is requested, with its corresponding argument. The quality level is established with the fault index in the electricity service for energy lack in the batteries, besides the quantity of energy autonomy days of the system. As conclusions, in infra-sizing conditions systems, and with established quality level of service, multiple sizing solutions exist, and under certain conditions, not always the systems with more quality level, are those of more cost, as well as the presence of a minimum cost in the sizing can be obtained by simulation methods. (author)

The prospects of renewable energy technologies for rural electrification: A review from Nepal

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gurung, Anup; Kumar Ghimeray, Amal; Hassan, Sedky H.A.

2012-01-01

Utilization of renewable energy technologies remains one of the major energy policies throughout the world. These technologies are proven to be successful for electrifying rural communities, especially in developing countries. Realizing the benefits of renewable energy sources, the Government of Nepal has initiated the production and distribution of renewable energy technologies in recent years, mainly to electrify rural communities. Although these technologies are suitable for providing electricity in isolated and remote rural areas, their implementation programs have not been successful as expected. This review provides broad-spectrum view about the energy situation in Nepal and highlights the current policies and subsidies for the optimal utilization of renewable energy resources in isolated and poor rural communities. In addition, major promotional barriers for their implementation in Nepal have been discussed. - Highlights: ► Nepal has enormous potential of renewable energy sources. ► Till date only small fraction of renewable energy sources has been exploited. ► However, renewable energy technologies seem to be promising options for rural electrification.

Herramientas en línea para desarrollar propuestas didácticas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Racero, Diego

2011-01-01

Full Text Available En el siguiente trabajo se presenta una propuesta didáctica, en la que se utilizan recursos de la Web, para ser aplicada en el primer ciclo de una Facultad de Ingeniería. El interés en innovar, a través de diferentes recursos tecnológicos, surge como consecuencia de la dificultad que presentan los estudiantes para trabajar con diferentes modelos físicos. La propuesta desarrollada complementa el estudio de un modelo físico a través de la aplicación de dos programas que se obtienen en línea. Uno de ellos permite diseñar lecciones, las cuales pueden ser recorridas por los estudiantes según sus respuestas. Su uso es interesante porque facilita la personalización del aprendizaje a través de una herramienta accesible al docente y puede ser incorporada como SCORM o ser utilizada en forma independiente. El otro programa, diseñado en lenguaje Java, permite procesar videos codificados. Si bien en este trabajo se muestra un ejemplo aplicado a la Física universitaria, ambas herramientas pueden utilizarse en distintas situaciones didácticas y en diferentes niveles educativos. Con la implementación de las TIC al aula convencional no se pretende reemplazar recursos didácticos eficaces, pero sí enriquecerlos adaptándolos a las necesidades cognitivas de los estudiantes en acuerdo a un determinado contexto de formación.

Herramientas de software de simulación para redes de comunicaciones

OpenAIRE

Torres, Juan Antonio

2015-01-01

Actualmente los sistemas de computación y redes de comunicación son parte esencial del funcionamiento de las empresas, y una de las tareas más importantes, de los diseñadores de redes. El estudio del desempeño de las redes de comunicaciones a través de la simulación es una forma de abordar estas redes de comunicaciones. Las herramientas de simulación vista son: NetSim, Jimsim, KivaNS, Network Simulator, OMNET ++, Packet Tracer, OPNET Modeler, RouterSim Network Simulators, Toggit y ...

HERRAMIENTAS PARA LA GESTIÓN DE PROCESOS DE NEGOCIO Y SU RELACIÓN CON EL CICLO DE VIDA DE LOS PROCESOS DE NEGOCIO: UNA REVISIÓN DE LITERATURA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ernesto A. Galvis-Lista

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo presenta una revisión sobre la oferta de herramientas de tecnología de información, TI, para la gestión de procesos de negocio (Business Process Management - BPM. Para esto, se desarrolla una conceptualización de las etapas del ciclo de vida de los procesos de negocio y se realiza una descripción de las herramientas de TI desde una perspectiva funcional. Luego, se realiza un mapeo para ubicar las herramientas de TI en cada una de las fases del ciclo de vida. Este trabajo se constituye en una referencia para los profesionales que desarrollan iniciativas de BPM, así como para investigadores, profesores y estudiantes interesados en el tema. La principal contribución del trabajo es la conceptualización de las etapas del ciclo de vida de BPM y la identificación de herramientas de TI que soportan cada una de estas.

OPTIMIZACIÓN DEL COMPORTAMIENTO INFORMACIONAL MEDIANTE EL USO DE HERRAMIENTAS DE BOOKMARKING

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Núria Ferran Ferrer

2011-04-01

Full Text Available La actual sociedad del conocimiento así como las nuevas políticas educativas de la Unión Europea requieren una nueva aproximación a los recursos educativos. El uso de un formato cerrado y monolítico como puede ser el libro de texto tiene que ser substituido por la creación y actualización constante de colecciones o repositorios de recursos que faciliten y formen parte del proceso de aprendizaje. El presente trabajo introduce una aproximación a este nuevo paradigma a través del análisis de tres niveles: la investigación del comportamiento informacional de estudiantes en el uso de recursos educativos disponibles en la Red; el análisis funcional y de usabilidad de las herramientas que dan soporte a la gestión y uso de los recursos de información; y  la prueba piloto de una herramienta de bookmarking en las aulas virtuales de la asignatura de Interacción Persona-Ordenador como práctica para mejorar el comportamiento informacional de los estudiantes. Considerar conjuntamente estos tres niveles es clave para mejorar el comportamiento informacional de los estudiantes y, en consecuencia, permitir una mejor adquisición de las competencias informacionales esenciales en el contexto actual.

¿INCLUSIVIDAD EN LAS HERRAMIENTAS WEB 2.0?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Verónica Marín-Díaz

2018-03-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN: Los procesos educativos inclusivos y las TIC son dos de los elementos considerados relevantes. En estas líneas presentamos los principales resultados obtenidos en una investigación relativa a determinar cuál es la valoración que los estudiantes de las extintas titulaciones de Maestro de la Universidad de Córdoba le otorgan a diversas herramientas 2.0 en los entornos inclusivos. Se ha empleado un diseño no experimental y descriptivo, utilizando un cuestionario tipo Likert, para la recogida de los datos. Los principales resultados indican que el uso de estos depende de la especialidad cursada. También, se ha encontrado que los edublogs no son valoradas como elementos inclusivos. Por ello se puede concluir que es necesaria una formación inclusiva de los futuros maestros

Herramienta informática como apoyo en la toma de decisiones en proyectos de agua y saneamiento en comunidades indígenas

OpenAIRE

VILLEGAS GONZÁLEZ, PAULA ANDREA; OBREGÓN NEIRA, NELSON; LARA BORRERO, JAIME ANDRÉS; MÉNDEZ FAJARDO, SANDRA; VARGAS LUNA, ANDRÉS

2010-01-01

Esta investigación propone una nueva metodología, generando no solo nuevos modelos conceptuales si no también una nueva herramienta informática para la toma de decisiones en proyectos de agua y saneamiento en comunidades indígenas. Específicamente se incorporan herramientas tales como: árboles de decisión, opiniones difusas y encapsulamiento de conocimiento experto. La metodología incluye además del diseño conceptual del modelo a desarrollar, encuestas e investigación de campo y la programaci...

LA MEDIACIÓN COMO HERRAMIENTA DE LA JUSTICIA RESTAURATIVA.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Héctor Mauricio Mazo Álvarez

2013-05-01

Full Text Available La mediación se ha propuesto durante los últimos años como una herramienta de diálogo muy útil para la resolución de conflictos y la pacificación de la sociedad, cobrando una importancia creciente en los sistemas penales y penitenciarios de Colombia. La mediación, junto a la justicia restaurativa, es la apuesta de una sociedad que quiere salir de un sistema penal altamente congestionado y de una cultura jurídica que en muchas ocasiones confunde responsabilidad ética con responsabilidad civil. La mediación propone, por medio del diálogo, el cultivo de la empatía en los procesos de resolución de problemas.

Application of Geographic Information Systems for Rural Electrification with Renewable Energy: IntiGIS Model. Case of Study: Zapara Island, Zulia State. Venezuela; Aplicaciones de Sistemas de Informacion Geografica para la Electrificacion Rural con Energias Renovables: Modelo IntiGIS. Caso de Estudio: Isla Zapara, Estado Zulia. Venezuela

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rincon, L; Dominguez, J; Amador, J; Arribas, L; Pinedo, I

2011-07-01

This project started as an educational exercise for the Renewable Energy and Environment Master, taught by the Polytechnic University of Madrid, with the purpose of analyze in a real context GIS application in rural electrification with renewable energies. It was developed in collaboration with CIEMAT, ENELVEN (C.A. Energia Electrica de Venezuela), FUNDELEC (Fundacion para el Desarrollo del Servicio Electrico), CORPOLEC (Corporacion Electrica Nacional de Venezuela) and the UPM. The final aim is to define the technology that suits best to Zapara Islands electrification needs. This improvement will make possible the sustainable development of the population. In order to compare electrification technologies to decide which is the most suitable to Zapara Island, using IntiGIS model, will be required a geographic resources analysis, a population distribution and an electricity demand study. Also, it will be necessary to establish the technical parameters of the facility and economic factors that could affect the study. (Author) 14 refs.

Protocolo para evaluar y comparar la respuesta al contacto por indentación esférica de un sistema integrado por un recubrimiento cerámico depositado sobre un acero de herramienta

OpenAIRE

Cordier, Delphine

2009-01-01

En aplicaciones como el conformado en frío donde las herramientas están sometidas a diversas cargas, se usan materiales para herramientas como aceros rápidos y metales duros recubiertos. En estas aplicaciones, los impactos sucesivos inducen presiones que pueden ocasionar el fallo por fatiga. Por ello, es necesario establecer las condiciones límite de trabajo de los materiales para optimizar la vida útil de las herramientas. En este trabajo, el sistema sustrato/recubrimiento ana...

Características de los folletos publicitarios como herramienta promocional: hipermercados vs. tiendas de descuento

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Juan Carlos Gázquez-Abad

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Los folletos publicitarios se han convertido en una de las actividades promocionales a las que mayor presupuesto destinan las empresas minoristas de distribución. Sin embargo, esta importancia económicas no se ha visto reflejada en la literatura de marketing. Se hace necesario, por tanto, un mayor número de trabajos que analicen las características de los folletos publicitarios como herramienta promocional. En este trabajo se presenta un marco de investigación que trata de analizar, tanto desde una perspectiva cualitativa como cuantitativa, las características particulares que poseen los folletos publicitarios utilizados por los formatos de distribución minorista que mayor uso hacen de esta herramienta promocional (hipermercados y tiendas de descuento. El análisis comparativo desarrollado en este trabajo sobre una base de 253 folletos publicitarios correspondientes a ambos formatos pone de manifiesto cómo las características de los folletos parecen encontrarse estrechamente relacionadas con el posicionamiento y la estrategia promocional y de precios de cada formato de distribución.

Herramienta software para el análisis de canasta de mercado sin selección de candidatos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Roberto Carlos Naranjo Cuervo

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Actualmente en el entorno del comercio electrónico es necesario contar con herramientas que permitan obtener conocimiento ú-til que brinde soporte a la toma de decisiones de marketing; para ello se necesita de un proceso que utiliza una serie de técnicas para el procesamiento de los datos, entre ellas se encuentra la minería de datos, que permite llevar a cabo un proceso de des-cubrimiento de información automático. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar la técnica de reglas de asociación como la adecuada para descubrir cómo compran los clientes en una empresa que ofrece un servicio de comercio electrónico tipo B2C, con el fin de apoyar la toma de decisiones para desarrollar ofertas hacia sus clientes o cautivar nuevos. Para la implementación de las reglas de asociación existe una variedad de algoritmos como: A priori, DHP, Partition, FP-Growth y Eclat y para seleccio-nar el más adecuado se define una serie de criterios (Danger y Berlanga, 2001, entre los que se encuentran: inserciones a la base de datos, costo computacional, tiempo de ejecución y rendimiento, los cuales se analizaron en cada algoritmo para reali-zar la selección. Además, se presenta el desarrollo de una herramienta software que contempla la metodología CRISP-DM cons-tituida por cuatro submódulos, así: Preprocesamiento de datos, Minería de datos, Análisis de resultados y Aplicación de resulta-dos. El diseño de la aplicación utiliza una arquitectura de tres capas: Lógica de presentación, Lógica del Negocio y Lógica de servicios; dentro del proceso de construcción de la herramienta se incluye el diseño de la bodega de datos y el diseño de algo-ritmo como parte de la herramienta de minería de datos. Las pruebas hechas a la herramienta de minería de datos desarrollada se realizaron con una base de datos de la compañía FoodMart3. Estas pruebas fueron de: rendimiento, funcionalidad y confiabi-lidad en resultados, las cuales permiten encontrar

BILL MUNDY THEORY, EFFECTIVE RAKE ANGLE CUTTING TOOLS IN COPPER ALLOYS TEORIA DE BILL MUNDY Y EL ANGULO EFECTIVO DE ATAQUE DE HERRAMIENTAS DE CORTE EN ALEACIONES DE COBRE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Miguel Godoy R

2007-08-01

Full Text Available Magazines like American Machinist and Manufacturing Engineering, have explained the Bill Mundy theory about the effective rake angle of cutting tools. These articles show the effective rake angle of cutting tools for carbon steel, steel , alloys, cast iron, aluminium and stainless steel. In the present work the theory is applied to cutting tools used in brass and bronze. The effective rake angle for these materials was obtained with the tensile stress test. The rake angles in the cutting tools were made in a Universal Grinding Machine Heiler. Finally, the power consumption was measured in a CNC Lathe. Tools with commercial rake angles from bibliography were compared with tools with the experimental effective rake angle obtained from the Bill Mundy Theory. The results show that the power consumption is about 10% lower for tools with the experimental effective rake angle.Revistas como American Machinist y Manufacturing Engineering, han explicado la Teoría de Bill Mundy y el ángulo efectivo de ataque en herramientas de corte utilizadas en aceros al carbono, aceros aleados, hierro fundido, aluminio y acero inoxidable. En este trabajo, esta teoría es aplicada a herramientas de corte usadas para latón y bronce y sus resultados son comparados con los ángulos de ataque recomendados por los fabricantes de herramientas de corte. El ángulo de ataque efectivo se obtiene del ensayo de tracción del material a ser mecanizado. Los ángulos de las herramientas fueron hechos en una máquina universal de afilar Heiler. El consumo de potencia fue medido en un torno CNC. El consumo de potencia con herramientas de corte comerciales con ángulos de corte recomendados por la bibliografía existente, fue comparado con las herramientas afiladas con el ángulo de corte efectivo obtenido a través de la teoría de Bill Mundy. Los resultados indican que el consumo de potencia es un 10% menor para las herramientas afiladas con el ángulo efectivo recomendado por la

Infobarris: una herramienta interactiva para monitorizar y divulgar información sobre la salud y sus determinantes en los barrios de Barcelona

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pere Llimona

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Para conocer la salud de la población es necesario realizar un análisis conjunto y continuado de su estado de salud y de sus determinantes. El objetivo de esta nota de campo es describir el desarrollo y el funcionamiento de la herramienta Infobarris, que permite visualizar una amplia batería de indicadores y determinantes de la salud de la población de la ciudad de Barcelona según el barrio de residencia. Para el desarrollo de Infobarris se ha usado una metodología ágil que permite el desarrollo de un proyecto de forma iterativa e incremental en etapas: selección de indicadores, diseño del prototipo, desarrollo de la herramienta de visualización, carga de datos, revisión y mejora de la herramienta. Infobarris permite la visualización interactiva de 64 indicadores de salud y de sus determinantes, mediante gráficos, mapas y tablas, lo que facilita la vigilancia de la salud y de sus determinantes en los barrios de la ciudad de Barcelona.

Educational software tool for protection system engineers: distance relay; Herramienta educativa para la formacion de ingenieros en protecciones electricas: relevador de distancia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Trujillo-Guajardo, L.A.; Conde-Enriquez, A. [Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Nuevo Leon (Mexico)]. E-mail: luistrujillo84@gmail.com; con_de@yahoo.com

2012-04-15

In this article, a graphical software tool is presented; this tool is based on the education of protection system engineers. The theoretical fundaments used for the design of operation characteristics of distance relays and their algorithms are presented. The software allows the evaluation and analysis of real time events or simulated ones of every stage of design of the distance relay. Some example cases are presented to illustrate the activities that could be done with the graphical software tool developed. [Spanish] En este articulo se presenta una herramienta computacional grafica para apoyar la formacion de ingenieros en protecciones electricas. Los fundamentos teoricos para el diseno de caracteristicas de operacion de relevadores de distancia, asi como las rutinas de programacion de un relevador de distancia son presentados. La herramienta desarrollada permite la evaluacion de las etapas de diseno de relevadores y el analisis de la operacion ante eventos reales o simulados. Se presentan algunos casos de ejemplo para ilustrar las actividades didacticas que son posibles de realizar con la herramienta presentada.

Herramienta evolutiva para la planificación del mantenimiento de locaciones petroleras

OpenAIRE

Maria Azul Cossio; Norma Andrea Villagra

2014-01-01

El propósito de este documento es la presentación de una herramienta (PAE, Planificación basada en un Algoritmo Evolutivo) que utiliza un algoritmo evolutivo generador de múltiples soluciones para la planificación dinámica del mantenimiento preventivo de locaciones petroleras. La explotación y el transporte de petróleo son actividades muy importantes para el desarrollo económico de la sociedad industrial moderna. Sin embargo, estas actividades son generadoras de riesgos que se traducen en con...

HyperAuthor : una herramienta para la creación de narrativa hipertextual

OpenAIRE

Espinal Cruces, Diana

2009-01-01

HyperAuthor consiste en una herramienta de creación de ficción hipertextual cuyo principal objetivo no consiste únicamente en facilitar al autor la escritura de esta clase de literatura, sino también en producir un tipo de hipertexto narrativo que sea capaz de adoptar las principales características de esta nueva forma de escribir sin perder aquellos importantes logros de los libros e historias tradicionales, alcanzados después de muchos siglos de mejora. HyperAuthor es, por lo tanto, una her...

Aprovechamiento de vulnerabilidades del sistema operativo Windows con la herramienta metasploit

OpenAIRE

Arévalo Ticlla, Susan; Infante Girón, Giancarlo; Valdivia Huamán, Dany; Velásquez Rojas, Juan

2014-01-01

En este trabajo de investigación se desarrolló el testeo de las vulnerabilidades existentes en el sistema operativo de los equipos de cómputo de una red, para lo cual se usó la herramienta Metasploit, incluida en la distribución GNU/LINUX BackTrack 5R3. Se realizaron pruebas en una red doméstica y la primera fue con un host con sistema operativo Windows versión 7, y teniendo éste el firewall y antivirus activados. Se elaboró una propuesta de mejora para el proceso del estudio, que consiste en...

Social Media Marketing como herramienta del mix de comunicación

OpenAIRE

Goicoechea Badiola, Jose Maria

2016-01-01

[ES]El presente TFG plantea un análisis de la utilización de las redes sociales dentro de la estrategia de comunicación de las organizaciones empresariales. Para ello, se estudia el contexto comunicacional actual, caracterizado por la fragmentación y dispersión de las audiencias, la saturación, la pérdida de la eficacia de la publicidad tradicional, los nuevos hábitos de consumo de medios y la explosión de la conectividad, y el papel de las distintas herramientas de comunicación en entorn...

Evaluación del uso de herramientas sincrónicas y asincrónicas en procesos de formación de las ciencias agropecuarias

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Edwin Manuel Páez-Barón

2016-01-01

Full Text Available La educación a distancia ha tenido un gran avance durante los últimos años, gracias a la incorporación de las herramientas que proporcionan las Tecnologías de la información y la comunicación –TIC–. Estas herramientas pueden ser sincrónicas y asincrónicas; con las primeras, los interlocutores se conectan al mismo tiempo y establecen procesos de comunicación en tiempo real; las segundas permiten la interacción y comunicación en diferentes tiempos, por lo cual no se requiere la participación de los interlocutores al mismo tiempo. Se evaluó el uso de estas herramientas en seis cursos de las Ciencias Agropecuarias de la Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia –UNAD–. Los resultados permitieron evidenciar que las herramientas sincrónicas son utilizadas en menor medida, a pesar de que existe mayor preferencia hacia su uso (55.7 % y una percepción en los estudiantes acerca de que facilitan mayor interacción con el docente y los otros compañeros. Su principal limitante se encuentra en la exigencia de un horario específico de conexión para la interacción y, en algunos casos, en las dificultades en la conectividad.

A method multi criterio to evaluate projects of rural electrification; Un metodo multicriterio para evaluar proyectos de electrificacion rural

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gonzalez Posse, E

1994-07-01

In this document about the problem of the evaluation projects methodologies in rural electrification.The low analysis problem is of complex nature, because each project is evaluation object and an economic agent. One of these agents identifies different benefits and cost, and also has a different approaches for value them.In consequence, the form in that it is carried out the evaluation of the one project for each one of this agents that it is usually solved for mechanisms linked to the capacity of incidence or of determination of each one of them, this does not assures a satisfactory results for the general interest.

Herramienta para la enseñanza de las ecuaciones de Lagrange basada en la simulación de sistemas dinámicos

OpenAIRE

Bravo M., D. A.; Rengifo R., C. F.

2014-01-01

En este trabajo se propone una herramienta para la enseñanza de la mecánica clásica, modelando sistemas dinámicos con las ecuaciones de Lagrange, a partir de la simulación en Matlab ©. Este enfoque permite a los estudiantes de ingeniería y ciencias básicas, desarrollar competencias en programación, análisis numérico, con el uso de la física como herramienta fundamental para modelar y simular sistemas dinámicos complejos, como por ejemplo: robots industriales, robots bípedos y cualquier sistem...

Decentralized electrification by small-scale hydraulic stations : a viable solution in mountainous regions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dahman Saidi, A.

1998-01-01

The installation of a small-scale hydroelectric generating station to supply electricity to the small community of Takordmi in Morocco was described. The community of Takordmi consists of 32 households located in the remote mountainous region of Morocco. Takordmi was without electrical power until 1992 when a small 15 kW Pelton turbine was installed to supply electricity to the residents. Water to power the turbine generator was supplied by a small stream with an output of 4 to 8 liters per second and a head of 535 meters. Since the unit was installed, the mean monthly consumption of the community has been only 115 kWh, which averages to 4 kWh per household. The success of the Takordmi project has prompted the electrification of several other small communities in the remote regions of Morocco either by similar micro-hydroelectric stations or by photovoltaic cells. This project, funded by the Republic of Austria, demonstrates that it is feasible to provide electricity to remote rural communities by using local sources of power. 3 figs

The electrification of Nova Scotia, 1884--1973: Technological modernization as a response to regional disparity

Science.gov (United States)

King, Lionel Bradley

This dissertation investigates local attempts to use technology as a force for regional rehabilitation in the economically-depressed Maritime region of Canada. At the time of Confederation in 1867, the Maritime province of Nova Scotia was prosperous, progressive, and cultured. By the end of the 1910s, the province had entered a long period of economic and social decline. Recent historiography has shown that, far from passively accepting their fate, Nova Scotians and other Maritimers, actively resisted marginalization with political, cultural, or social action. The thesis expands upon that literature by exploring technology-based strategies of provincial rehabilitation using Thomas P. Hughes's systems perspective and David E. Nye's semiotic approach. In doing so, it applies methods from the social constructivist school of the history of technology to the larger concerns of Maritime Canadian historiography. In large part, the North American culture of technology determined the ways in which Nova Scotians applied technological solutions to provincial concerns. Technology has long been central to the Western idea of progress. As the "high technology" of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, electricity reinforced that view: its ephemeral nature and silent efficiency led people to endow it with transformative, even mystical, powers. As a result, Nova Scotians, adopted a program of electrical modernization in the late 1910s as a remedy for regional disparity. The Nova Scotia government's first step was the creation of an Ontario-style hydroelectric commission designed to bring order to the province's fragmented and inefficient electrical network. Over the next few decades, the Nova Scotia Power Commission implemented rural electrification, home modernization, and regional system-building models that had already proven successful in Ontario and the United States. The system-building philosophies behind these programs were adapted to local conditions and

Evaluación continua y autoevaluación como herramientas de aprendizaje

OpenAIRE

Zubcoff Vallejo, José Jacobo

2014-01-01

En el contexto actual, en los planes de estudio de los grados se incluye la evaluación continua como parte fundamental de la evaluación. En este trabajo se resumen las principales conclusiones y aspectos destacados del debate de los trabajos presentados en la mesa 12 de comunicaciones orales de las Jornadas de Redes de Investigación en Docencia Universitaria desarrollada en la Universidad de Alicante durante los días 3 y 4 de Julio de 2014. Entre las herramientas que han mostrado resultados p...

Psicoterapia del movimiento: herramienta terapéutica con pacientes esquizofrénicos

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Saskia Salas-Calderón

2007-01-01

Full Text Available En el presente trabajo se presenta la psicoterapia del movimiento como una herramienta terapéutica cuyo principal canal de abordaje del conflicto es el cuerpo, siendo éste el medio de expresión de la transformación y al mismo tiempo su instrumento. Se explicitan los antecedentes teórico-prácticos de la psicoterapia del movimiento, así como sus alcances y limitaciones en el tratamiento de las dificultades de comunicación de emociones con pacientes adolescentes diagnosticados con esquizofrenia.

Análisis comparativo de herramientas de recuperación y análisis de información de acceso libredesde una concepción docente

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Armando Plasencia-Salgueiro

Full Text Available En el Instituto de Cibernética, Matemática y Física de la República de Cuba se imparte el curso"Bases de datos y biblioteca digital" dentro de la Maestría de Cibernética Aplicada. Parte esencial del curso la constituye la creación de bases de datos documentales a partir de la recuperación de información en Internet. Para poder realizar los laboratorios requeridos para un mejor aprendizaje se requiere seleccionar las herramientas de recuperación de información más idóneas, tanto desde el punto de vista docente como desde las facilidades para su adquisición. Se definieron entonces las características para evaluar esas herramientas y la metodología para realizar la selección. Como resultado, de trece herramientas de recuperación y análisis de la información de software libre analizadas que pudieron ser descargadas se seleccionaron ocho herramientas, Lemur Toolkit con Indri, Sphinx, WebSphinx con Rapid Miner, Solr/Lucene/Hadoop/Mahout, Terrier, Dragon lo cual permitió garantizar la calidad del curso impartido y su concatenación con otros cursos de la misma maestría.

Options for rural electrification in Arua District, Uganda

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Onzia, Joseph; Núñez Bosch, Osvaldo Manuel

2015-01-01

This study proposed a power generation system suitable for rural area application. The electrification options were proposed for secondary schools, health centres, households and trading centre loads using solar PV system, diesel fired generators, biogas co-fired diesel generators and grid extension. The study is based on simulation, modeling and optimization of renewable energy system. Designs for the options considered were based on the electricity demand and environmental conditions of Arua district. From the designs, capital costs for each option were determined. This was used in carrying out simulations in HOMER computer program to come up with the most cost effective options. Sensitivity analysis was carried out to determine the effects of variation in costs such as diesel price and capital cost of solar PV system.Based on simulation results, it has been found that the trading centre, with 500 kW of electrical demand, must be electrified using the grid extension. The breakeven grid distance is 75.1 km. Grid extension become cost effective compared to diesel generators and solar PV system within this distance. The load at household level ranges from as low as 16 W to 5 kW. For 103 W peak load, the most cost effective option was solar PV system. The second best option was biogas co-fired diesel generator. For schools and health centres with load of up to 15 kW, biogas co-fired generator is the best compared to the total cost of 18 kW diesel fired generator which is higher. Therefore, where biogas cannot be generated, diesel generators should be used. Based on the amount of pollutants produced, a biogas co-fired diesel generator is the best option. (full text)

Los corpus discursivos orales como herramienta didáctica para los niveles iniciales

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Violeta Nica

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Actualmente, trabajar con muestras de habla real a la hora de enseñar un idioma extranjero es un hecho muy frecuente en especial en los niveles intermedios-altos (B2, C1. Sin embargo, el input realia autentica es una herramienta que también se podría aprovechar para los niveles iniciales, dado que, en estos niveles no se enseñan solo palabras aisladas, sino que también se trabaja a partir de un contexto.

Los corpus discursivos orales como herramienta didáctica para los niveles iniciales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Violeta Nica

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Actualmente, trabajar con muestras de habla real a la hora de enseñar un idioma extranjero es un hecho muy frecuente en especial en los niveles intermedios-altos (B2, C1. Sin embargo, el input realia autentica es una herramienta que también se podría aprovechar para los niveles iniciales, dado que, en estos niveles no se enseñan solo palabras aisladas, sino que también se trabaja a partir de un contexto.

La Cimática como herramienta de expresión artística

OpenAIRE

Lega Lladós, Ferran

2014-01-01

[spa] En esta tesis doctoral, se exploran las diferentes técnicas cimáticas existentes (la cimática es la ciencia que estudia las representaciones visuales generadas por las ondas de sonido y los fenómenos periódicos de vibración sobre la materia), y se realiza un riguroso estudio desde una perspectiva audio-visual. A partir de los resultados, se desarrollan herramientas para su aplicación en las diferentes disciplinas artísticas contemporáneas

Empresas Virtuales como Herramienta Didáctica en Estudios de Biotecnología

OpenAIRE

Sevilla, Emma; Peleato, María-Luisa

2014-01-01

Esta comunicación propone una experiencia docente llevada a cabo con tres generaciones de alumnos universitarios cursando estudios de biotecnología. Los alumnos se dividieron en grupos de seis, y se les planteó que cada grupo tenía que detectar un problema o carencia en cualquier aspecto de la vida cotidiana relacionado con la biotecnología, estudiar las soluciones existentes en la actualidad, y proponer nuevas posibilidades que innovaran con herramientas biotecnológicas. La experiencia resul...

Una herramienta para la automatización de procesos de desarrollo de software usando QVT: transformación de controles de flujo SPEM a BPMN

OpenAIRE

Zorzán, Fabio Andrés; Daniele, Marcela; Frutos, Mariana; Uva, Marcelo

2014-01-01

Desde hace unos años Query/Views/Transformations (QVT), definido por la Object Management Group (OMG), se ha convertido en una herramienta muy utilizada a la hora de definir transformaciones de modelos. Este trabajo propone una herramienta QVT que permite la transformación de modelos que representan procesos de desarrollo de software, basados en el Software Process Engineering Metamodel versión 2 (SPEM), hacia modelos de procesos genéricos basados en la notación Business Process Modeling Nota...

Web 2.0 y herramientas en red para Educación Infantil y Primaria

OpenAIRE

Solano Fernández, Isabel Mª

2010-01-01

Documento sobre Web 2.0 y herramientas y recursos para Eduación Infantil y Primaria, en el que se hace un recorrido por los términos Web 1.0, Web 2.0 y Web 3.0, y se presentan diversos recursos a partir de diferentes categorías: en función de las variables espacio-temporales, del sistema simbólico y la función. Ejercicios prácticos

Propuesta de herramienta para la aplicación de la ingeniería de menú en restaurantes de hoteles all-inclusive

OpenAIRE

García Pulido, Yadrián Arnaldo; Medina León, Alberto Arnaldo; Frías Jiménez, Roberto Argelio; González Arias, Mahé

2016-01-01

La investigación se desarrolló con el objetivo de aportar una herramienta para la aplicación de la ingeniería de menú en restaurantes que operan bajo la modalidad all-inclusive, mediante la modificación de la matriz MUTI. La validación de la propuesta en cuestión se realizó en un restaurante perteneciente a la oferta gastronómica de una instalación hotelera del polo turístico de Varadero, uno de los más importantes del país. Las principales técnicas y herramientas que sirvieron de soporte par...

FORMACIÓN DEL CIUDADANO AMBIENTAL A PARTIR DE HERRAMIENTAS EDUCATIVAS

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Adriana Carolina Herrera López

2015-12-01

Full Text Available La educación ambiental se encuentra contemplada como una de las principales preocupaciones de la sociedad, esto se evidencia desde la legislación constitucional hasta en las normativas de las instituciones educativas y en diversos escenarios sociales. Es preciso establecer las relaciones entre la educación cívica y educación ambiental que provean herramientas prácticas para conciliar el comportamiento proambiental con la necesidad de intervenir positivamente en el medio ambiente. Este proyecto pretende establecer las relaciones entre estas dos variables educativas y articularlas a través del diseño de material educativo que permita ejercer una práctica específica encaminada a conservar y cuidar el medio que los rodea.

Uso del portafolio digital como herramienta cognitiva. Modelo para una evidencia significativa

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Omar Villota Hurtado

2018-03-01

Full Text Available El concepto portafolio es reciente. Se introduce en el proceso educativo en 1975 para proponer que el docente efectúe investigación sistemática sobre su propio accionar. En aquel momento el marco de investigación estableció 4 momentos: observar, resolver, analizar y proponer. En 1985 se observa un docente reflexivo, dinamizador de su experiencia teórico-práctica quien retroalimenta su acción. El portafolio por tanto se convierte en metodología auto-reflexiva que recoge productos y experiencias para analizar, valorar, revisar, auto-evaluar y co-evaluar el proceso educativo. Al ingresar las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (TIC el portafolio se transforma en una herramienta digital que adquiere interactividad. La gestión de aprendizaje se fortalece en amplitud, adaptabilidad, flexibilidad y susceptibilidad. Con esta perspectiva actual el portafolio requiere de organización, estructura de información, rúbricas que sistematicen la evaluación ante el proceso formativo, con base en una praxis meta cognitiva. Este documento busca analizar el portafolio digital como herramienta de conocimiento para el proceso educativo, entendido desde el enfoque apoyo estratégico con el que se almacenan experiencias académicas individuales durante el desarrollo del curso. El uso del portafolio -cuyo fin sea ampliar y fortalecer la oferta académica flexible- necesita de un método para la producción y procesos, incluida la evaluación.

A techno-economic comparison of rural electrification based on solar home systems and PV microgrids

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chaurey, A.; Kandpal, T.C.

2010-01-01

Solar home systems are typically used for providing basic electricity services to rural households that are not connected to electric grid. Off-grid PV power plants with their own distribution network (micro/minigrids) are also being considered for rural electrification. A techno-economic comparison of the two options to facilitate a choice between them is presented in this study on the basis of annualised life cycle costs (ALCC) for same type of loads and load patterns for varying number of households and varying length and costs of distribution network. The results highlight that microgrid is generally a more economic option for a village having a flat geographic terrain and more than 500 densely located households using 3-4 low power appliances (e.g. 9 W CFLs) for an average of 4 h daily. The study analyses the viability of the two options from the perspectives of the user, an energy service company and the society.

A techno-economic comparison of rural electrification based on solar home systems and PV microgrids

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chaurey, A. [TERI, Darbari Seth Block, Habitat Place, Lodhi Road, New Delhi 110003 (India); Kandpal, T.C. [Centre for Energy Studies, Indian Institute of Technology, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016 (India)

2010-06-15

Solar home systems are typically used for providing basic electricity services to rural households that are not connected to electric grid. Off-grid PV power plants with their own distribution network (micro/minigrids) are also being considered for rural electrification. A techno-economic comparison of the two options to facilitate a choice between them is presented in this study on the basis of annualised life cycle costs (ALCC) for same type of loads and load patterns for varying number of households and varying length and costs of distribution network. The results highlight that microgrid is generally a more economic option for a village having a flat geographic terrain and more than 500 densely located households using 3-4 low power appliances (e.g. 9 W CFLs) for an average of 4 h daily. The study analyses the viability of the two options from the perspectives of the user, an energy service company and the society. (author)

HERRAMIENTAS PARA LA GESTION DE PABELLONES QUIRURGICOS Y DE SUS RECURSOS ASOCIADOS

OpenAIRE

RAMIS LANYON, FRANCISCO JAVIER

2013-01-01

Los centros de salud públicos programan y coordinan el uso de sus pabellones de forma manual y empírica, esto se traduce en la perdida de eficiencia en la asignación de recursos físicos y humanos. Situación agravada por el uso de sistemas de costeo inadecuados para la asignación de gastos a los productos y servicios entregados, o bien derivados por la utilización de los servicios de cirugía en recintos asistenciales públicos. El proyecto D07I1012, denominado “Herramientas para al ...

Success factors for sustainable private business operation of decentralised rural electrification with PV - Results from the project "DELTA PRO RES" in the lower Delta Mekong countries

OpenAIRE

Gölz, S.; Vogt, G.; Maigne, Y.; Mozas, K.

2006-01-01

The project Delta PRO RES is the response to the wave of electricity sector reform in developing countries in South East Asia which provides opportunities for a new approach: bankable rural electrification. The project prepares the ground for this future track by developing a methodology and markets to increase rural access to energy with decentralized renewable energy systems in the Lower Delta Mekong countries Vietnam, Cambodia and Lao PDR. Private entrepreneurship and venture capital inves...

Benchmarking: una herramienta para lograr un nivel de excelencia en las Escuelas de la Gobernación del Estado Zulia

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Francisco Bracho Espinel*

2004-05-01

Full Text Available Dentro del marco de la gestión de calidad, cualquier organización puede recurrir a diversas herramientas metodológicas con el fin de conseguir los mejores resultados. Una de esas herramientas es el Benchmarking, que empleada en las organizaciones escolares, puede enriquecer las propias prácticas o sus modos de planificación, ejecución, control o evaluación. Conscientes de la compleja realidad de la educación venezolana, pero también de sus potencialidades, hemos considerado que este enfoque aplicado adecuadamente en las instituciones escolares de la Gobernación del Estado Zulia, puede generar mejoras y cambios sustanciales en todas las áreas de la organización escolar, y por ende en la prestación del servicio educativo.

Caracter??sticas de los folletos publicitarios como herramienta promocional: hipermercados vs. tiendas de descuento

OpenAIRE

G??zquez-Abad, Juan Carlos; Mart??nez-L??pez, Francisco Jos??; Mond??jar-Jim??nez, Juan Antonio

2010-01-01

Los folletos publicitarios se han convertido en una de las actividades promocionales a las que mayor presupuesto destinan las empresas minoristas de distribuci??n. Sin embargo, esta importancia econ??micas no se ha visto reflejada en la literatura de marketing. Se hace necesario, por tanto, un mayor n??mero de trabajos que analicen las caracter??sticas de los folletos publicitarios como herramienta promocional. En este trabajo se presenta un marco de investigaci??n que trata de...

Twitter como herramienta de atención al cliente. El caso de Mercadona

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Susana MIQUEL-SEGARRA

2018-01-01

Full Text Available En la sociedad actual en la que las redes sociales permiten que las organizaciones establezcan diálogos e interactúen con sus públicos, la red de microblogging Twitter se presenta como una opción interesante para las marcas. Si bien numerosos estudios confirman que las empresas no aprovechan el potencial dialógico que ofrecen las redes sociales, la utilización de las mismas como herramienta de servicio de atención al cliente se convierte en una práctica en auge .La agilidad e inmediatez de Twitter facilita la rapidez en el tiempo de respuesta y genera directamente satisfacción y confianza en los usuarios. El objetivo de este estudio se basa en analizar el perfil de Twitter de Mercadona para comprobar en qué medida aprovecha este canal como herramienta de atención al cliente. Para ello, en primer lugar se recurre a la metodología cuantitativa y posteriormente se realiza un análisis de contenido de 936 tuits (publicados entre el 21 y 30 de noviembre de 2016.Los principales resultados ponen de manifiesto que la Atención al Cliente es uno de los principales usos que Mercadona trata de ofrecer a través de su cuenta de Twitter, sin embargo solo resuelve o da solución directa a un 25% de las cuestiones.

HERRAMIENTA MULTIMEDIAL PARA EL ESTUDIO DE LA ANATOMÍA DEL OÍDO A TRAVÉS DE MODELOS VIRTUALES

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Byron Alfonso Pérez Gutiérrez

2009-01-01

de especialistas en el área. Los modelos 3D fueron desarrollados a partir tomografías computarizadas, fotografías y modelos reales, con el fin de obtener un gran realismo y similitud con su contraparte real. La edición de los modelos anatómicos tuvo en cuenta aspectos técnicos de los equipos de cómputo estándar con el fin de garantizar que los usuarios tengan no solo acceso a la herramienta, sino que puedan utilizarla sin una reducción poligonal que afecte el realismo de los modelos y la navegación fluida en el ambiente virtual. La validación de este trabajo fue realizada por especialistas en el área, con el objetivo de garantizar que se cumpla con los requerimientos de información y navegación, para poder ser probada en grupos de estudiantes como herramienta complementaria de estudio.

Deep carbon reductions in California require electrification and integration across economic sectors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wei, Max; Greenblatt, Jeffery B; McMahon, James E; Nelson, James H; Mileva, Ana; Johnston, Josiah; Jones, Chris; Kammen, Daniel M; Ting, Michael; Yang, Christopher

2013-01-01

Meeting a greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction target of 80% below 1990 levels in the year 2050 requires detailed long-term planning due to complexity, inertia, and path dependency in the energy system. A detailed investigation of supply and demand alternatives is conducted to assess requirements for future California energy systems that can meet the 2050 GHG target. Two components are developed here that build novel analytic capacity and extend previous studies: (1) detailed bottom-up projections of energy demand across the building, industry and transportation sectors; and (2) a high-resolution variable renewable resource capacity planning model (SWITCH) that minimizes the cost of electricity while meeting GHG policy goals in the 2050 timeframe. Multiple pathways exist to a low-GHG future, all involving increased efficiency, electrification, and a dramatic shift from fossil fuels to low-GHG energy. The electricity system is found to have a diverse, cost-effective set of options that meet aggressive GHG reduction targets. This conclusion holds even with increased demand from transportation and heating, but the optimal levels of wind and solar deployment depend on the temporal characteristics of the resulting load profile. Long-term policy support is found to be a key missing element for the successful attainment of the 2050 GHG target in California. (letter)

Assessment of the Electrification of the Road Transport Sector on Net System Emissions

Science.gov (United States)

Miller, James

As worldwide environmental consciousness grows, electric vehicles (EVs) are becoming more common and despite the incredible potential for emissions reduction, the net emissions of the power system supply side plus the transportation system are dependent on the generation matrix. Current EV charging patterns tend to correspond directly with the peak consumption hours and have the potential to increase demand sharply allowing for only a small penetration of Electric Vehicles. Using the National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) data a model is created for vehicle travel patterns using trip chaining. Charging schemes are modeled to include uncontrolled residential, uncontrolled residential/industrial charging, optimized charging and optimized charging with vehicle to grid discharging. A charging profile is then determined based upon the assumption that electric vehicles would directly replace a percentage of standard petroleum-fueled vehicles in a known system. Using the generation profile for the specified region, a unit commitment model is created to establish not only the generation dispatch, but also the net CO2 profile for variable EV penetrations and charging profiles. This model is then used to assess the impact of the electrification of the road transport sector on the system net emissions.

Herramientas para el uso eficiente del gas : diagramas de eficiencia térmica

OpenAIRE

Amell Arrieta, Andrés Adolfo; Gil B., Edison; Maya B., Rubén Darío

1998-01-01

En el presente trabajo se presentan los resultados de una investigación realizada con el fin de desarrollar una herramienta fundamental relacionada con el proceso de optimización de la combustión: Los diagramas de eficiencia térmica. En el proceso de combustión se debe garantizar que todo el calor generado se transfiera eficientemente a la carga, por lo cual es necesario controlar las pérdidas de calor que se presentan básicamente por la salida de los gases de combustión a alta temperatura y ...

Herramientas de excel para el análisis y valoración de proyectos de inversión

OpenAIRE

Beraza Garmendia, José María

2002-01-01

El presente artículo trata de explicar las herramientas que ofrece Excel para facilitar el cálculo de los métodos del VAN y TIR, tanto en condiciones de certeza como de riesgo, y realizar el análisis de sensibilidad de los resultados obtenidos.

Herramientas para la investigación en enfermería

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Leticia Díaz de Flórez

2001-01-01

Full Text Available La investigación, desde el punto de vista de la enfermería, es una identificación de inquietudes, de preguntas, de vacíos de conocimiento, que deben surgir de la práctica misma y de los problemas generados en la realidad. Para ello, los enfermeros tienen como herramientas, entre otras, la observación, la reflexión, la evaluación de los hechos tal como suceden en la realidad, la cuales empleamos en la valoración del paciente para dar calidad en el cuidado. La investigación debe ser interdisciplinaria, lo que permitirá relaciones y acciones entre las diversas ramas del conocimiento, respetando la autonomía profesional, y buscando así la calidad de vida de la persona.

A comparison study of performance for three stand-alone PV systems used in rural electrification in Libya

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ibrahim, I. M. Saleh; Kreama, N. M.; Khalat, M. A.

2006-01-01

Rural photovoltaic electrification in Libya is a national program to electrify isolated villages, as part of this program 250 systems with a total peak power of about 300 K Wp has been put into work starting the beginning of the year 2003, the sizes of the systems are 1.8 K Wp, 1.2 K Wp, 0.75 K Wp, and 0.15 K Wp, the systems was designed to supply different family needs. All systems are equipped by a data logger to collect the system parameters. In this paper we will compare the performance of three different PV sizes through two year of work. The results showed that the systems are performing incomparable to the deigned parameters, very little power failure was reported, and there are technical and social issues has to be addressed before the installation of the PV system.(Author)

Evaluación termodinámica de sistemas de climatización centralizados por agua helada usando herramientas de inteligencia artificial

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Juan Carlos Armas

2011-05-01

Full Text Available Se presenta el análisis de un sistema centralizado de climatización por agua helada con el objetivo de evaluar las irreversibilidades en los componentes principales del ciclo, así como la sensibilidad de este indicador ante las variaciones de las condiciones de operación. Se hace uso de redes neuronales artificiales (RNA y algoritmos genéticos (AG, herramientas de Matlab para  determinar las propiedades de los refrigerantes en cada punto del ciclo en estudio y que éstas, a su vez, interactúen con las ecuaciones que describen el comportamiento termodinámico del sistema. La temperatura del refrigerante a la salida del  compresor se determina a partir de un modelo híbrido que conjuga el modelo neuronal con un algoritmo genético simple como herramienta de optimización. Como resultado final se identifican  los componentes del ciclo más sensibles ante las variaciones de las condiciones de trabajo, se obtiene que el evaporador y el mecanismo de expansión, respectivamente, siguen al compresor con pérdidas exergéticas significativas, sumando entre todas 85,62% de las irreversibilidades totales del sistema, conformándose así una herramienta útil para la  evaluación de tales sistemas.

System-Solver: una herramienta de código abierto para la modelación de sistemas dinámicos

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Efraín Domínguez

2010-09-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se presenta una herramienta de código abierto para la simulación de sistemas dinámicos, representados a través de ecuaciones diferenciales de distinto orden o de sistemas de ecuaciones diferenciales ordinarias (EDO. La idea principal que incentivó el desarrollo de esta herramienta consiste en que muchos procesos físicos, biológicos, ecológicos, económicos, químicos y sociales, y un sinnúmero de problemas ingenieriles, pueden ser expresados de esta forma. Adicionalmente, la solución de ese tipo de problemas exige experticia en métodos numéricos y programación. Este tipo de experticia no es muy común para los expertos de las áreas mencionadas; por ello, se requiere de una herramienta que permita sortear esta falta de experticia e incrementar la productividad en trabajos relacionados con tópicos de modelación. System-Solver es una aplicación que facilita la formulación de problemas de valor inicial en EDO y su solución unmérica, y mediante un programa en Visual Basic la automatiza. El programa obtenido se puede compartir fácilmente con otros investigadores, facilitando la reproducción del ejercicio de modelación incluso en diferentes sistemas operativos. La presentación del software está acompañada con ejercicios de diversas áreas temáticas, incluyendo un ejemplo de modelación estocástica.

Herramienta de Apoyo para el Aprendizaje a Distancia de la Lógica en la Ingeniería Informática

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Maria Antonia Huertas

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Las asignaturas de lógica en ingeniería informática presentan características y dificultades similares a las de otras materias de carácter matemático: un rendimiento académico muy bajo y un alto de abandono. En disciplinas instrumentales como es el caso de lógica, es fundamental un proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje interactivo y el feedback inmediato representa un elemento clave del éxito académico. En un curso de lógica presencial y tradicional la interacción con el profesor por lo general proporciona el feedback y apoyo necesario. En cambio, en un paradigma de e-learning basado en la web, esta característica del profesor presencial puede ser proporcionada por un sistema de tipo de tutor inteligente. En este artículo se presenta el diseño, desarrollo y puesta en marcha de una herramienta de apoyo al aprendizaje para un curso no presencial de lógica en la titulación de ingeniería informática. Esta herramienta sigue la perspectiva del diseño centrado en el estudiante con el fin de proporcionar los elementos precisos para una experiencia de aprendizaje exitoso. Se presenta también una prueba piloto con evaluación de resultados y una discusión general sobre la aplicación de este tipo de herramientas al aprendizaje a distancia y al autoaprendizaje.

Enviromental impact comparative tool based on life cycle assesment = Herramienta comparativa de impacto ambiental basada en método de análisis de ciclo de vida

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Clara Jiménez Gámez

2017-04-01

El Análisis de Ciclo de Vida (ACV es un método que sirve para cuantificar el impacto ambiental de un producto o servicio durante su ciclo de vida. La herramienta que se presenta pretende, basándose en este método, proporcionar de forma simplificada y visual un informe comparativo de los impactos que generan dos soluciones constructivas de fachadas. Los resultados se nutren de una base de datos formada por datos de Declaraciones Ambientales de Producto, mecanismo de comunicación ambiental que goza actualmente de mayor prestigio debido a la objetividad en el proceso de obtención. La herramienta permite seleccionar distintas configuraciones de fachada mediante la combinación de diferentes capas. Se ha decidido no ponderar los impactos con el fin de la herramienta sea un asistente de decisión, donde el técnico pueda profundizar hasta el impacto específico de cada material para poder identificar los focos graves de impacto y actuar en consecuencia, teniendo siempre como referencia el carácter comparativo del informe. Las herramientas de ACV simplificadas representan un compromiso en la precisión de la evaluación, pero es necesario sean realistas y transparentes respecto a sus límites, que se presentan al final del escrito.

Análisis del sistema organizacional desde una perspectiva compleja como herramienta de recursos humanos

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Alonso Tejada Zabaleta

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Se presenta la propuesta de un Modelo del Sistema Organizacional, como una herramienta analítica que pueda ser utilizada por los encargados de RRHH o Talento Humano en las organizaciones, para definir, caracterizar, analizar y decidir sobre los elementos constitutivos del sistema y las consecuentes interacciones de dichos elementos. Labase filosófica del modelo se sustenta en un intento de aproximacióndesde el llamado "paradigma de la complejidad".

PIAHO: una herramienta para la prevención de hábitos orales deletéreos (protocolo de incorporación apropiada de hábitos orales)

OpenAIRE

Villanueva,Pía

2014-01-01

Objetivo presentar una herramienta de prevención de malos hábitos orales, llamado PIAHO. Métodos se comparan los diagnósticos obtenidos de la prueba subjetiva PeNaF con los diagnósticos de resistencia nasal obtenidos por la prueba objetiva de rinomanometria. Se estudian las relaciones entre la incorporación de consistencias, herramientas y elección de posturas durante la alimentación y los diferentes tipos de deglución. Basados tanto en, los re...

Análisis de la blogosfera de Ecuador: mensaje, narrativa y herramientas

OpenAIRE

Coronel Salas, Gabriela de las Mercedes

2012-01-01

La investigación se inclinó hacia una de las herramientas 2.0 que dio voz a quienes no tenían un medio para expresar sus ideas, opiniones o pasiones en la red; es decir, los blogs. Conocer su estado actual fue una de las premisas. La metamorfosis en la que la comunicación se ha visto envuelta, como consecuencia de la invención y expansión de Internet, le ha afectado de diversas maneras. El blog es uno de los medios que permite la hibridación de otros soportes en pro de una narración hiper...

Herramientas on-line de prevención de riesgos laborales para la docencia de Higiene Industrial en la asignatura de Química y Seguridad Industrial

OpenAIRE

Varó Galvañ, Pedro José; López Ortiz, Carmen; Varó Pérez, María

2017-01-01

En este trabajo se presenta una selección de herramientas que son utilizadas como elementos de apoyo a la docencia de Higiene Industrial en la asignatura de Química y Seguridad Industrial, correspondiente a la titulación de Grado de Ingeniería Química, que se imparte en la Escuela Politécnica Superior de la Universidad de Alicante. El uso y potenciación de herramientas para la prevención de riesgos laborales (aplicaciones informáticas, bases de datos, calculadoras) se encuentra entre los obje...

Renewable energy for rural electrification in developing countries

Science.gov (United States)

Morgenstern, Joy

The environmental destruction caused by traditional methods of generating electricity and the environmental benefits of using renewable energy technologies are well-known. In additional to the environmental benefits, small, decentralized renewable energy systems are often the most economical way to electrify the rural areas of developing countries, where most of the world's unelectrified population lives. However, diffusion of these systems is proceeding very slowly and many of these projects have failed. This dissertation examines the hypothesis that an important determinant of the success of these projects is the extent to which they are compatible with the social and cultural attributes of the communities in which they are located. The hypothesis was examined by evaluating sixteen solar, wind and hybrid electrification projects in Mexico, using a procedure which rates projects according to criteria which reflect technical, economic and financial, environmental, and sociocultural factors deemed necessary to achieve success. Reasons for poor ratings within these criteria were then used to determine six preconditions for project success. The evaluation indicates that most of the wind and hybrid projects visited had low success ratings because of technical problems. The solar home system projects experienced few technical problems, yet many were unsuccessful. Most of the projects were unsustainable due to lack of financial resources, insufficient financial mechanisms, poor user training. In none of the communities were the projects economically viable, nor were they compatible with the needs of the users. The future success of even the most successful projects seen is doubtful because of the lack of provision for any maintenance by trained technicians and the scarcity of financial resources. A direct relationship between failure at the sociocultural criteria and overall project failure was not found. In most cases, failure at particular criteria could be attributed

Desarrollo de una Herramienta para la Enseñanza de la Programación a Niños a Través de la Música

OpenAIRE

Martínez-Contador, Daniel

2014-01-01

Motivados por la potenciación en la educación infantil de las materias STEM (sobre ciencia, tecnología, ingeniería y matemáticas) en EEUU ha habido una proliferación de herramientas software y hardware para facilitar el aprendizaje de la programación por niños. En este trabajo se desarrolló un prototipo de herramienta software innovadora, APaM: Aprende Programación Haciendo Música, para facilitar el aprendizaje de la programación por niños con la música como elemento conductor. Para ello, se ...

Farmacovigilancia: Una herramienta poco utilizada Pharmacoepidemiology: An unappreciated tool

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Walter Vasen

2006-06-01

Full Text Available La farmacovigilacia es una herramienta esencial para el control de los fármacos utilizados en nuestro país, el presente artículo muestra una revisión de los elementos más destacados en el tema y un resumen de los sistemas regulatorios vigentes en la Argentina y de la experiencia de la Red de Farmacovigilancia de los hospitales del Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires, con el objetivo de informar y estimular a los colegas a la denuncia de los efectos adversos de los medicamentos.Pharmacoepidemiology is an essential tool for controlling drugs used in our country. The present article reveals the most relevant aspects on the topic, summarizes regulatory tools currently used in Argentina and explores the experience of the Pharmacoepidemiology Network in public hospitals of Buenos Aires City. The aim is to inform and stimulate colleagues to report adverse effects of drugs.

Intervenciones internacionales noviolentas. Herramientas para la transformación de conflictos

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Diego Checa Hidalgo

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Las intervenciones internacionales noviolentas son herramientas cada vez más utilizadas para la transformación de conflictos y para la construcción de paz. Esta categoría es fruto de los "nuevos" enfoques que pretenden otorgar un mayor protagonismo a la sociedad civil en la agenda política internacional para la gestión de conflictos. En el presente artículo se diseccionará este concepto, analizando sus características y las formas en las que se manifiesta, para mostrar finalmente la amplia gama de actividades que desarrolla esta categoría de intervenciones internacionales, utilizando como modelo las estrategias de gestión de conflictos diseñadas en el marco del sistema de Naciones Unidas.

Voz del docente como herramienta principal de comunicación en el aula

OpenAIRE

Botella Quirant, María Teresa; Esteve-Faubel, José-María

2016-01-01

En todas las titulaciones cuyo uno de los campos laborales de los egresados es entre otros, dedicarse a la docencia, se observa la carencia dentro de los planes de estudio, de la más mínima formación en la herramienta principal que esos futuros profesionales docentes van a usar para enseñar: la voz. En cada grado de cada Facultad, hay un gran empeño en que domine los recursos técnicos de la materia correspondiente. Además, los egresados tienen que realizar un máster que les aproxime al mundo ...

Africa and electricity: To electrify Africa - necessary financial and human investments; The development of hydroelectricity in sub-Saharan Africa; A major challenge: to improve distribution efficiency; Smart grids in Africa?; Rural electrification in Africa; The development of renewable energies in Ethiopia - an example of empowerment of a local structure

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Horvilleur, Jacques; Favennec, Jean-Pierre; Cerdan, Jean-Pierre; Bauley, Jacky; Caumon, Pauline; Guerin, Andre-Jean; Beaussant, Henri; Louis, Frederic; Sall, Ousmane; Ledoux, Thierry; Boye, Henri; Bagayoko, Moussa

2016-01-01

This publication proposes a set of six articles which address various aspects related to the issue of Africa electrification. More precisely, the authors propose a general presentation of the present situation and an assessment of necessary financial, organisational, governance and training investments or needs (To electrify Africa: necessary financial and human investment), illustrate these issues in the case of hydroelectricity-rich Republic of Congo, discuss the issue of financing hydroelectricity development in Africa and of the need of operation and maintenance policies to meet needs associated with sustainable installations (The development of hydroelectricity in sub-Saharan Africa), address issues related to distribution through an improvement of existing distribution networks (A major challenge: to improve distribution efficiency) and through a possible development of smart grids (Smart grids in Africa?), comment issues related to rural electrification as a major challenge for these sometimes very poor areas with almost none financial resources, and evoke the possibilities associated with decentralised photovoltaic production (Rural electrification in Africa), and report interventions of an NGO in Ethiopia based on solar installations and actions of empowerment of local structures (The development of renewable energies in Ethiopia - an example of empowerment of a local structure)

Preliminary identification of potential markets for off-grid electrification: tool development and a case study of Ghana

Science.gov (United States)

Descoqs, Benoit; Bhattacharyya, Subhes

2018-02-01

With more than one billion people lacking access to electricity in the world, ensuring universal access to electricity by 2030 remains a major challenge which cannot be left to the government initiatives alone. Access to local information and identification of potential areas for investment can be a challenge for investors. This paper provides a tool for preliminary assessment of potential markets for off-grid electrification in developing countries and applies this to Ghana to demonstrate its applicability. A multi-criteria approach is used to rank the districts according to the overall potential and the best markets and least favourable areas for investment are identified. The tool offers flexibility to include new inputs to the analysis and the factor weights can be adjusted as appropriate. The case study shows that the tool can effectively identify potential areas from a list of candidates and offers support to analysts.

Operational performance of the Bangladesh rural electrification program and its determinants with a focus on political interference

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Taniguchi, Mariko; Kaneko, Shinji

2009-01-01

This article tries to quantitatively capture the effect of political intervention on the operational performance of the Bangladesh Rural Electrification Program (REP). Firstly, efficiency changes over the last 15 years of rural electric cooperatives in the REP are examined using data envelopment analysis (DEA). Then, the critical determinants of the efficiency changes including political indicator are identified with an application of the Tobit model. Results from the DEA analysis show the overall efficiency score, on a scale of zero to one, changes in the 0.856-0.929 range in 15 years, with two turnaround points in 1996 and 2001. These are the years that the national elections were held. The results also find a gap between the efficient rural electric cooperatives and the inefficient rural electric cooperatives. The results of the Tobit model imply that political power has a negative impact on efficiency.

Herramienta para establecer y controlar Iniciativas de Mejora de Procesos con MoProSoft

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Dagoberto Cruz Sandoval

2015-02-01

Full Text Available La mejora de procesos software es una disciplina cuya premisa es que un proceso de calidad tiene como consecuencia lógica un producto software de calidad. En México, una industria software emergente y compuesta en su mayoría por micro y pequeñas empresas, ha empezado a incursionar en este tipo de disciplina utilizando el modelo mexicano de mejora de procesos conocido como MoProSoft, sin embargo la carencia de conocimiento y experiencia, hace de este tipo de proyectos algo complicado y desgastante. En el presente trabajo se presenta el desarrollo de un marco de trabajo para las micro y pequeñas empresas desarrolladoras de software en México, el cual es apoyado por una herramienta llamada Kaizen que automatiza las fases básicas de una mejora de procesos: compromiso, evaluación, planeación e implementación basadas en los procesos, actividades, prácticas y roles definidos en MoProSoft. La herramienta tiene como objetivo principal proporcionar apoyo a las micro empresas en las iniciativas de mejora por medio de un marco de actividades automatizadas que guían sus pasos durante la ejecución del programa de mejora. Además, se presenta un caso de estudio y resultados cuantitativos de que con el uso de Kaizen cuatro micro empresas mexicanas vieron mejorados sus procesos de desarrollo de software instaurando las prácticas efectivas definidas por MoProSoft.

Electrode configuration effects on the electrification and voltage variation in an electrostatic inkjet printing head

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Choi, Kyung Hyun; Ali, Adnan; Rahman, Ahsan; Malik Mohammad, Nauman; Rahman, Khalid; Khan, Arshad; Khan, Saleem; Kim, D S

2010-01-01

The electrode configuration of an electrostatic inkjet printing head is under study. This paper introduces the development of a new electrostatic inkjet head with an improved electrode configuration as compared to the conventional configuration. Two tungsten electrodes, connected in parallel, are inserted into the electrostatic print head at a certain angle from opposite sides. The aim of this double-side inserted angular electrodes (DSIAEs) head is to intensify the electrification of the fluid inside the head at minimum suitable exposure of the electrode, which results in maximizing surface charge density. The main advantage of the DSIAEs head is to get a very stable meniscus at low applied voltage for printing. This stable meniscus is transformed to a very stable jet by increasing the applied voltage. Therefore, printed patterns obtained with this DSIAEs head are more uniform because of a more stable meniscus and jet as compared to a conventional electrostatic vertically inserted single electrode head. Also, with this DSIAEs configuration, the life of the electrostatic inkjet printing head is increased.

Renewable energy for rural electrification in Uruguay; Energias renovables para la electrificacion rural en Uruguay

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chaer, R; Zeballos, R [Facultad de Inngenieria, Instituto de Ingenieria Electrica, Montevideo (Uruguay)

1994-07-01

The analysis of the possibility of application of the eolic technologies is presented and for the electrification of small rural consumers in the Uruguay, comparing them with the alternative of being connected to the National electric net using the but economic of the systems with return for earth. It was carried out to summary of the existent alternatives in both technologies and it builds to shammer to evaluates it the generation cost and with to classification, for consumption level, of the potential users, it can make to Map of the Uruguay that allows to guide on the solution to adopt according to the consumption level, the distance to the National electric net and according to the characteristics of the wind in the geographical location of the location. All the systems were evaluated on a base of 20 year-old operation keeping in mind the replacements of the materials whose useful life is inferior. In this work, the results of the studies are presented and the followed methodology is shown on a concrete example.

El Proceso Enfermero como herramienta de cuidados: su aplicación en un equipo de Enfermería de Farmacia Hospitalaria

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Inmaculada Gómez Villegas

Full Text Available En un entorno profesional sin pacientes y sometido a intensas cargas de trabajo, el equipo de enfermeras en la Farmacia en un Hospital de segundo nivel inicia un proceso reflexivo con herramientas metodológicas propias de su profesión. Objetivo: Proponer el Proceso Enfermero como herramienta capaz de incrementar la motivación profesional, y reducir el sufrimiento moral de enfermeras realizando trabajos desprovistos de funciones asistenciales. Método: Estudio descriptivo del Proceso Enfermero aplicado al desempeño laboral de un equipo de enfermeras en riesgo de burnout, desde el 14 de abril de 2010 al 31 de diciembre de 2013, estableciendo Diagnóstico de Enfermería, Plan de Cuidados, Intervenciones y Evaluaciones. Principales resultados: La aplicación del Proceso Enfermero al propio equipo de Enfermería transformó una situación difícil en un proceso dinámico y positivo, al identificar el diagnóstico de riesgo de desmotivación, e implementar un Plan de Cuidados e Intervenciones que resultaron ser efectivas para reforzar la resiliencia y reducir el riesgo de burnout. Conclusión principal: El Proceso Enfermero puede ser una herramienta potente para afrontar situaciones adversas del equipo de Enfermería. Al igual que se evalúan los pacientes, puede ser valorada la función laboral del equipo de enfermeras en situación de riesgo de deterioro profesional.

Turismo sostenible y patrimonio: Herramientas para la planificación y gestión

OpenAIRE

Viñals Blasco, Mª José; MAYOR SALVI, MARTA; MARTÍNEZ SANCHIS, IMMA; Teruel Serrano, Mª Dolores; ALONSO-MONASTERIO FERNÁNDEZ, PAU; Morant González, Maryland

2017-01-01

El libro "Turismo y Patrimonio Sostenible.Herramientas para planificación y gestión" ha sido editado por la Universitat Politècnica de València y promovido por el Ministerio de Agricultura y Pesca, Alimentación y Medio Ambiente de España Se basa en la necesidad de gestionar el turismo desde una perspectiva de conservación y protección del patrimonio, desde el reconocimiento de la importancia del patrimonio como motor del desarrollo local, y desde la necesidad de crear productos turísticos ...

Evaluación e implantación de herramienta móvil para la asistencia de personas con necesidades especiales en sus tareas de la vida diaria

OpenAIRE

Torrado Vidal, Juan Carlos

2014-01-01

En este Trabajo de Fin de Máster se describe la evaluación de una herramienta basada en smartphone para asistir a personas con discapacidad cognitiva en sus tareas de la vida diaria, llamada AssisT-Task, cuyo diseño inicial fue objeto de Trabajo de Fin de Grado. Esta aplicación proporciona manuales interactivos paso a paso con instrucciones para completar tareas cotidianas en su entorno o centro de empleo, utilizando como apoyo códigos QR y una herramienta de autor para que los...

Electrification of conventional powertrains. Challenges and opportunities; Elektrifizierung des konventionellen Antriebsstrangs. Herausforderungen und Potentiale

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bischoff, Claus; Abele, Marcus; Johannaber, Martin; Lingenfelser, Christian [Robert Bosch GmbH, Schwieberdingen (Germany)

2010-07-01

Even vehicles of the generation still have significant potential to increase the efficiency of the powertrain, the auxiliaries and the electrical system. Good examples are the advancement of the start/stop system, which enables a higher recuperation of braking energy, and the recovery of waste heat from the combustion engine. This contribution shows a methodology to identify the potentials in real vehicles through measurements and simulations both at system and component level. Technical solutions for powertrain electrification and overall energy management found with this methodology are presented. The focus of the innovation and development process is on technical solutions, which may have only a mean potential for CO{sub 2} reduction, but have high cost efficiency. Such cost-effective technologies enable a broad market penetration and the opportunity for the systematic combination in the vehicle, and thus making a significant positive influence on the CO{sub 2} fleet balance and conservation of resources. Finally it is demonstrated how the optimization of the powertrain efficiency, the electrical system and the auxiliaries can contribute to the technology development for future vehicle concepts such as electric vehicles. (orig.)

Solar-Based Rural Electrification and Micro-Enterprise Development in Latin America: A Gender Analysis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Smith, J.

2000-11-16

Worldwide, an estimated 1.5 to 2 billion people do not have access to electricity, including 100 million in the Latin America region. Depending on the country, 30 to 90% of this unelectrified Latin American population lives in rural areas where geographic remoteness and low energy consumption patterns may preclude the extension of the conventional electricity grid. Women are heavily impacted by the energy scarcity given their role as primary energy procurers and users for the household, agricultural and small industrial subsectors in developing countries. As a result, women spend disproportionately more time engaged in energy-related activities like carrying water and searching for cooking fuel. This paper describes the use of decentralized renewable energy systems as one approach to meet the energy needs of rural areas in Latin America. It outlines the advantages of a decentralized energy paradigm to achieve international development goals, especially as they relate to women. The paper studies Enersol Associates, Inc.'s Solar-Based Rural Electrification model as an example of a decentralized energy program which has merged energy and development needs through the local involvement of energy entrepreneurs, non-governmental organizations and community members.

Revisiting Renewable Energy Map in Indonesia: Seasonal Hydro and Solar Energy Potential for Rural Off-Grid Electrification (Provincial Level

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Agung Wahyuono Ruri

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Regarding the acceleration of renewable energy diffusion in Indonesia as well as achieving the national energy mix target, renewable energy map is essential to provide useful information to build renewable energy system. This work aims at updating the renewable energy potential map, i.e. hydro and solar energy potential, with a revised model based on the global climate data. The renewable energy map is intended to assist the design off-grid system by hydropower plant or photovoltaic system, particularly for rural electrification. Specifically, the hydro energy map enables the stakeholders to determine the suitable on-site hydro energy technology (from pico-hydro, micro-hydro, mini-hydro to large hydropower plant. Meanwhile, the solar energy map depicts not only seasonal solar energy potential but also estimated energy output from photovoltaic system.

Herramientas de trabajo participativo con cultivos, variedades y semillas. Una guía para técnicos que aplican metodologías participativas en el manejo de la agrobiodiversidad, fitomejoramiento y desarrollo del sector semillero

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Boef, de W.S.; Thijssen, M.H.

2007-01-01

Reseña de la guía Dentro de nuestros programas de entrenamiento en manejo local de la agrobiodiversidad, mejoramiento participativo de cultivos y apoyo al suministro local de semillas, las herramientas participativas tienen una gran atención. Las herramientas se trabajan teóricamente, son

LEGO Mindstorms NXT: Juego como Herramienta de Aprendizaje de Programación

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leidy Diana Jiménez-Pinzón

2014-06-01

Full Text Available LEGO Mindstorms es un juego que se usa como herramienta para el aprendizaje de distintas áreas de conocimiento. Una persona puede aprender acerca de programación mediante distintos lenguajes y aplicaciones para compilar el código de la solución planteada y resolver una situación particular. Sin embargo, la enseñanza de programación es sólo un fundamento teórico y poco práctico. Por estas razones, se pretende enseñar a programar mediante un lenguaje sencillo y una plataforma que permita visualizar el código gráficamente y validarlo específicamente con las instrucciones programadas sobre un robot.

Características de los folletos publicitarios como herramienta promocional: hipermercados vs. tiendas de descuento

OpenAIRE

Juan Carlos Gázquez-Abad; Francisco J. Martínez-López; Juan Antonio Mondéjar-Jiménez

2010-01-01

Los folletos publicitarios se han convertido en una de las actividades promocionales a las que mayor presupuesto destinan las empresas minoristas de distribución. Sin embargo, esta importancia económicas no se ha visto reflejada en la literatura de marketing. Se hace necesario, por tanto, un mayor número de trabajos que analicen las características de los folletos publicitarios como herramienta promocional. En este trabajo se presenta un marco de investigación que trata de analizar, tanto ...

PESO DE HOJAS COMO HERRAMIENTA PARA ESTIMAR EL ÁREA FOLIAR EN SOYA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Felipe Rafael Garcés Fiallos

2011-07-01

Full Text Available Cuantificaciones del área foliar en plantas son importantes en estudios de daños ocasionados por enfermedades, por lo tanto su determinación requiere el uso de equipamientos que no siempre se encuentran disponibles para todos. La utilización de determinaciones indirectas, como el peso de materia fresca o seca podría ayudar en este proceso. En este trabajo, se evaluó la relación entre el peso de hojas y área foliar, a partir de plantas recolectadas en el estadío R7.1, en 64 parcelas de campo con el cultivar de soja Nidera 5909 RG. El peso fresco fue medido luego de la colecta, el peso seco después de 48 horas de incubación a 65° C y el área foliar a través de un integralizador digital Licor. Fueron obtenidas ecuaciones significativas (p < 0.0001 e R2 de 0.74 a 0.97 para cada estrato y para la planta entera. Para la media de la planta, la relación de área foliar fue de y = 45.53 x + 19.03 para peso fresco e y = 176.17 x – 75.30 para peso seco. Esta herramienta se presenta potencialmente viable para estimar el área foliar de la planta. La utilización del peso seco es mas trabajosa, más no requiere pesaje de las hojas inmediatamente después de su colecta. La utilización futura de esta herramienta requiere estudios adicionales con otros cultivares a fin de verificarse si el comportamiento es similar.

Mechanical, Thermal, and Electrical Energy Storage in a Single Working Body: Electrification and Thermal Effects upon Pressure-Induced Water Intrusion-Extrusion in Nanoporous Solids.

Science.gov (United States)

Grosu, Yaroslav; Mierzwa, Michał; Eroshenko, Valentine A; Pawlus, Sebastian; Chorażewski, Mirosław; Nedelec, Jean-Marie; Grolier, Jean-Pierre E

2017-03-01

This paper presents the first experimental evidence of pronounced electrification effects upon reversible cycle of forced water intrusion-extrusion in nanoporous hydrophobic materials. Recorded generation of electricity combined with high-pressure calorimetric measurements improves the energy balance of {nanoporous solid + nonwetting liquid} systems by compensating mechanical and thermal energy hysteresis in the cycle. Revealed phenomena provide a novel way of "mechanical to electrical" and/or "thermal to electrical" energy transformation with unprecedented efficiency and additionally open a perspective to increase the efficiency of numerous energy applications based on such systems taking advantage of electricity generation during operational cycle.

CONTROL DE CALIDAD DE HERRAMIENTAS DE CORTE CON REMOCIÓN MÍNIMA DE MATERIAL QUALITY CONTROL OF CUTTING TOOLS WITH MINIMUM MATERIAL REMOVAL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jandrey Maldaner

2007-04-01

Full Text Available Debido a la mejora de las tecnologías de mecanizado, es necesario que las herramientas satisfagan las demandas requeridas. Una condición especial, para poder describir con seguridad el corte con remoción mínima de material, es el conocimiento de los valores característicos de la superficie y de la geometría. Las herramientas poseen una influencia substancial en la calidad de las piezas producidas, así como en la estabilidad y en la seguridad del proceso de mecanizado. Aunque hay una gran cantidad de herramientas para el corte con remoción mínima de material, se presenta como ejemplo la investigación con medición óptica y la obtención de los valores característicos para dientes de sierras de cinta.Due to improved machine cutting technologies it is necessary that tools fulfil the required performance. A special condition, for minimal machine cutting removal, is the knowledge of surface and geometry characteristic values. These tools represent both a substantial influence on the quality of the manufactured pieces and on stability and working safety of the cutting process. Since there is a large number of tools for minimal removal of material, examples of optical measurement and examination of characteristic values by the belt saw teeth are presented.

Las herramientas 2.0 en la escritura académica: buscadores y diccionarios

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Montserrat Casanovas Catalá

2015-11-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se exponen algunos de los resultados de un estudio sobre el uso de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC en la escritura académica que está llevando a cabo el Grupo de Investigación en Mediación Lingü.stica (giml de la Universidad de Lleida. Dicho estudio pretende mostrar cómo se integran herramientas como los diccionarios en línea o los buscadores en el proceso de elaboración de textos académicos por parte de estudiantes universitarios.

Uso de herramientas numéricas y computacionales en el ajuste de curvas

OpenAIRE

Ascheri, María; Pizarro, Rubén

2006-01-01

Nuestro objetivo es introducir a los alumnos de Cálculo Numérico en el uso de la técnica de ajuste de curvas por medio de la regresión con mínimos cuadrados en la solución de problemas de ingeniería, de física y de matemática aplicada, utilizando herramientas numéricas y computacionales. La metodología usada para apoyar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de este temática particular de Cálculo Numérico con computadora es la siguiente: se combina la enseñanza tradicional, las técnicas grupales...

The experience of the LIGHT (Light and Power Company of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil), in low cost energy networks for rural electrification; A experiencia da LIGHT na implantacao de redes de baixo custo para eletrificacao rural

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Macedo, Fernando F; Andre, Oswaldo P [Light Servicos de Eletricidade SA, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

1987-12-31

This paper shows the experience of LIGHT (Light and Power Company of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil), in planning and implementation of low cost energy networks in rural electrification. Were also showed guidelines for consumer`s orientation, viability of installations and wiring options. 4 figs., 16 tabs., 12 refs.

UNA HERRAMIENTA DE DIAGNÓSTICO PARA ENLACES DE SUSCRIPCIÓN DIGITAL ASIMÉTRICA (ADSL A DIAGNOSTIC TOOL FOR ASYMMETRIC DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE LINKS

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Mario Medina Carrasco

2009-04-01

Full Text Available Se presenta el software CuLineAnalyzer, una herramienta de diagnóstico para enlaces ADSL que aprovecha las mediciones de las razones señal-ruido (SNR de los subcanales de la técnica de transmisión DMT realizadas por las propias unidades de terminación ADSL (ATU. Estos datos son adquiridos remotamente y se almacenan en una estación central, desde donde pueden ser desplegados a solicitud del operador, el cual los utiliza para realizar los diagnósticos pertinentes. Una fortaleza importante de esta herramienta es la capacidad de almacenar mediciones realizadas a diferentes horas del día durante largos períodos para detectar así condiciones esporádicas, errores espurios y tendencias en la condición de la línea. Esta herramienta ha sido usada con éxito para monitorear un banco de módems ADSL Alcatel SpeedTouch. El diseño modular y operación paramétrica de la herramienta permite adaptarla fácilmente a nuevos modelos de módems ADSL y DSLAMs.We present the CuLineAnalyzer software, a diagnostic tool for ADSL links that leverages the DMT subchannel signal-to-noise ratio (SNR measurements made by the ATUs themselves. These measurements are read via remote access and are logged into a central server, from which they can be displayed under operator control, so the pertinent diagnosis can be performed. An important strength of this tool is that it can store measurements performed at different times for long periods, so as to detect sporadic conditions, spurious errors and line condition trends. This tool has been used successfully to monitor a bank of Alcatel SpeedTouch ADSL modems. The tool's modular design and parametric operation makes it easy to adapt it to new ADSL modem and DSLAM models.

Una herramienta para la selección automatizada de aceros en el contexto de la Ingeniería Mecánica

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L. Dumitrescu

2010-01-01

Full Text Available El diseño de Ingeniería de un producto o componente constituye una actividad difícil, compleja y multidisciplinaria, enfocada a la resolución de problemas. En el presente trabajo se muestra el desarrollo de una herramienta automatizada para la selección de los aceros más utilizados en la construcción de maquinarias. La herramienta constituye una ayuda para la selección de los materiales desde la etapa conceptual del proceso de diseño, donde se identifican las diferentes categorías de materiales a utilizar. La herramienta comprende las características y propiedades más relevantes de los aceros de Ingeniería disponibles en seis normas internacionales: Japonesa (JIS, Alemana (DIN, Vbn, DIN-Vbn, Rusa (GOST, Americana (AISI, SAE, AISI-SAE, ASTM, Inglesa (BS, EN, GB, Francesa (AFNOR y la Norma Cubana (NC vigente.The product or component design constitutes a difficult, complex and multidisciplinary activity, focused to the resolution of problems. Presently work show the development of an automated tool for the selection of the more used steels in the construction of machineries. The tool constitute a help for the selection of the materials from the conceptual stage of the design process, where the different categories of materials are identified to use. The tool analyze the characteristics and more common properties of the available steels in six international standards: JIS (Japan, DIN, Vbn, DIN-Vbn (Germany, GOST (Russia, AISI, SAE, AISI-SAE, ASTM (USA, BS, IN, GB (England, AFNOR (France and NC (Cuba.

Avances en el diseño de una herramienta de autor para la creación de actividades educativas basadas en realidad aumentada

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Moralejo, Lucrecia

2014-04-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se presentan los avances logrados en el diseño de una herramienta de autor, llamada AuthorAR, orientada a la creación de actividades educativas basadas en realidad aumentada (RA. AuthorAR permite generar actividades de exploración y de estructuración de frases, que pueden favorecer procesos de adquisición del lenguaje y de entrenamiento de la comunicación, por lo que se hará referencia a las posibilidades que ofrece en este sentido. Se presentan aquí: una descripción de esta herramienta de autor, una revisión de antecedentes en la temática y la propuesta de evolución de este proyecto, con los primeros resultados obtenidos y las conclusiones arribadas.

Herramientas de resolución y visualización en problemas de elementos finitos

OpenAIRE

López García, Enrique

2017-01-01

La dificultad de los cálculos a los que se ha de enfrentar un ingeniero para resolver los problemas de cualquier proyecto ha ido aumentando progresivamente, hasta llegar a límites en los que no es posible su resolución por métodos analíticos tradicionales. Es por esto que se desarrollaron, y se siguen mejorando, los llamados “métodos numéricos”: herramientas de cálculo alternativas a la resolución analítica, basadas en el cálculo aproximado mediante reglas matemáticas sencillas. Estos métodos...

Rural electrification based on photovoltaic systems: systemic evaluation and analysis; Eletrificacao rural com sistemas fotovoltaicos: avaliacao e analise sistemicas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Orellana Lafuente, Renan Jorge

1995-07-01

In spite of all advances made by modern technology, there are still regions which remoteness has made electrification of poor rural localities very difficult or impossible. The only practical solution for these localities is a local, decentralized form of electrical generation, such as solar energy. Based on its availability and potential, together with the scientific and technical advances made in photovoltaic conversion, solar energy is an alternative which is viable for many rural areas in developing countries. The technology has matured sufficiently, but in its application there is still a need for systematization for experiences, especially in the areas of planning and management. The present work deals with a project carried in the community of Chimboata, Chimboata department, Bolivia. The implementation aspects are analysed and the implementation methodology described. Finally, the forms of managing and funding this type of systems are analysed. (author)

Las redes sociales como herramientas de Relaciones Públicas de las instituciones europeas

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Xosé Baamonde Silva

2011-10-01

Full Text Available La Internet es el ágora digital donde todos pueden participar. Las instituciones europeas pueden utilizar las redes sociales como herramientas de diálogo con los ciudadanos para lograr su implicación y compromiso con el proceso de construcción europea. Esta investigación se centra en el análisis de los espacios en la Internet de las principales entidades de la UE para comprobar si están utilizando las nuevas potencialidades tecnológicas para contactarse directamente con la ciudadanía o todavía mantienen una especial atención hacia los medios de comunicación como intermediarios para hacer llegar sus mensajes a la opinión pública.

JMat - Herramienta remota de cálculo y multiusuario para el aprendizaje basado en problemas usando Matlab

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Bladimir Bacca Cortes

2011-01-01

Full Text Available JMat es una herramienta de cálculo basada en JAVA y EJS (Easy Java Simulations, con un esquema cliente / servidor, soporte multi-usuario y acceso remoto a Matlab. La aplicación está orientada a brindar a los usuarios una interacción con Matlab usando tres interfaces: Consola de Comandos, donde se invocan remotamente comandos de texto compatibles con Matlab. Espacio de Trabajo y Graficación, donde se mantiene un registro automático de las variables de usuario y se grafican individualmente. Funciones de usuario y Transferencia de Archivos, donde el usuario crea sus funciones, envía y recibe datos hacia y desde el servidor. JMat requiere un acceso a Internet, un servidor remoto donde esté instalado Matlab y un cliente (Navegador WEB o aplicación. No se requiere Matlab en el cliente. JMat está siendo usada actualmente en la Universidad del Valle en los cursos de Control Automático de Procesos, Control Inteligente, Redes Neuronales Artificiales, Procesamiento de Señales y Tratamiento Digital de Imágenes como herramienta para el aprendizaje basado en problemas empleando la plataforma de eLearning de la Universidad del Valle.

UNA HERRAMIENTA MATRICIAL PARA EL MODELADO EN 2-D DE ALGUNOS PROBLEMAS DE CONTACTO ELÁSTICO

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FABIO ALEXANDER SUÁREZ

2008-01-01

Full Text Available En los contactos localizados, la búsqueda de las relaciones entre la carga, la geometría de los cuerpos, sus propiedades elásticas y la geometría de la zona de contacto, constituye un campo del conocimiento de alto impacto tecnológico. El conocimiento de estas relaciones permite entender mejor el comportamiento de los sistemas tribológicos para mejorar su diseño y desempeño. Este artículo busca dar a conocer una herramienta matricial útil para el modelado de problemas bidimiensionales de contactos elásticos. Basada en una generalización del problema de Flamant, dicha matriz constituye un vínculo entre los desplazamientos perpendiculares a la superficie que experimentan los puntos de ésta y la forma como se distribuye la carga en la zona de contacto, permitiendo encontrar una de estas variables en función de la otra. Esta es una herramienta sencilla y de gran utilidad para la solución de problemas complejos de este tipo. Para mostrar su utilidad, esta matriz fue empleada para resolver el problema del contacto elástico entre dos cilindros largos, problema inicialmente planteado por Hertz; los resultados encontrados son iguales a los obtenidos por Hertz en su solución analítica.

Integración de la herramienta SGSI tracking con la norma ISO 27001 y el reglamento de la LOPD en un entorno virtualizado

OpenAIRE

Cutanda Mompó, David Miguel

2011-01-01

Cutanda Mompó, DM. (2010). Integración de la herramienta SGSI tracking con la norma ISO 27001 y el reglamento de la LOPD en un entorno virtualizado. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/9125. Archivo delegado

Análisis del uso de herramientas de marketing online por parte del sector fundacional

OpenAIRE

Carretero Hidalgo, Patricia

2018-01-01

El uso de herramientas de marketing online se ha visto incrementado en los últimos años por parte del sector fundacional con el fin de dar a conocer sus objetivos y fines entre los sociospero también para mejorar la comunicación y poder estar en contacto directo con los mismos. Actualmente, cada vez son más las empresas conectadas a la red y sus usuarios a través de páginas web, redes sociales y plataformas sociales. En el sector fundacional, las fundaciones llevan a cabo distintas ...

El uso del lenguaje estadístico R: herramientas para su uso en docencia e investigación

OpenAIRE

Cid, Fabricio Damian

2017-01-01

El uso del lenguaje estadístico R: Herramientas para su uso en docencia e investigación. Articulo publicado en la sección "TICs y Docencia" de la Revista Actualidad Analítica" Fil: Cid, Fabricio Damian. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina

Rural electrification in Malaysia via small scale biomass gasifier

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zainal Alimuddin Zainal Alauddin

2000-01-01

It is the government of Malaysia's vision to see that the rural community is not left behind in its endeavour to be an industrialised nation in the year 2020. The standard of living in the rural areas is very far different from that in the urban areas. To obtain equality the standard of living of the rural folks need to be ungraded. This is done largely by electrification. Electricity has been in the past the catalyst for development and raising the standard of living of the poor. Electricity supplied by the nation's electricity company might not reach all remote areas and therefore there must be a means to provide alternative electrical supply to these places. Present method employ the use of diesel generator sets to provide electricity. The availability of biomass source of supply in the rural areas could be effectively exploited to provide alternative source of energy via a gasification system to run a reciprocating engine coupled to a generator to generated electricity. A small-scale biomass gasification generator set in the range of 2-5 kW is suitable to provide electrical supply to a typical house in the rural area. The present use of biomass source of energy is in its utilisation to provide source of heat for cooking. Several tests have been conducted and the performance is very good. Alternatively another medium scale system generating about 50-20O kW would be suitable for a typical village having about 50 houses. A small-scale system has been developed in USM to provide 5 kW of electrical power. The system used a petrol engine and produces an overall efficiency of 7% with a specific consumption of about 3 kg/kWh. The biomass material used is wood. However for application in the rural areas the biomass material will depend on the type available. A further 50 kW system is being develop in USM. (Author)

Herramienta Software para Administrar el Desarrollo de Sitios Web Accesibles según Pautas WCAG 1.0

OpenAIRE

Juan I. Cavalieri; Pedro L. Alfonzo; Sonia I. a Mariño; Maria V. Godoy

2016-01-01

La accesibilidad a los contenidos web, es un campo en desarrollo y representa una manera de encarar proyectos con posibilidades de crecimiento y perdurabilidad en el tiempo. Por lo expuesto es relevante que los desarrolladores de software y las empresas, elaboren sitios accesibles, por lo cual el trabajo propuesto contribuye a esta temática. Se presenta una herramienta software orientada al análisis de las pautas WCAG 1.0, a ser utilizada en etapas tempranas de desarrollo de proyectos softwar...

Estudio comparativo del mercado de las herramientas de gestión de proyectos informáticos

OpenAIRE

Martínez Dufau, Alejandro Gabriel

2012-01-01

El presente estudio se centra en la gestión de proyectos. Dentro de este ámbito el estudio girará entorno a las herramientas de gestión de proyectos que actualmente hay en el mercado destinadas a las grandes empresas. Aquest estudi se centra en la gestió de projectes. Dins d'aquest àmbit l'estudi girarà entorn a les eines de gestió de projectes que actualment hi ha al mercat destinades a les grans empreses.

El Blog como herramienta promotora de un aprendizaje enfermero más significativo Blog: original tool for more meaningful learning in nursing

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Olivia Ibáñez Masero

2012-06-01

Full Text Available La utilización de las herramientas que las nuevas tecnologías nos ofrecen presenta diversas ventajas e inconvenientes que merece la pena analizar para su mejor uso en el aula y su óptimo aprovechamiento didáctico-docente. El objetivo es presentar el uso del blog como herramienta motivadora de aprendizaje para alumnos universitarios, concretada en la experiencia de impartir un taller formativo en Cuidados para la Diabetes. Se han usado herramientas metodológicas convencionales como la lección magistral, experiencias, consulta de documentación en soporte papel y digital, dramatización y trabajo en grupos, valoradas positivamente. Pero destacamos la creación de un blog sobre Diabetes como herramienta vehicular, con un aporte para el aprendizaje de gran valor porque potencia el proceso de comprensión, elaboración, asimilación y adaptación de los contenidos. Y porque les ha permitido "aprender a enseñar", es decir, mostrar su trabajo y producción como posteriormente se requerirá en su actividad profesional como Facultativos en Enfermería.The use of tools, that new technologies show us, offer a lot of advantages and drawbacks which should be analized for a better use of them in the classroom, and didactic-teaching achievemente. The purpose of it is to show a blog as a motivating learning tool for university students, just in the experience of a classroom workshop for Diabetes care. Methodological tools have been used such as: lectures, true experiences, getting information on paper or digital access, rol-play and teamwork, whose assesment has been constructive. But we want to emphasize the use of a blog about Diabetes developed by nursing students like an innovative learning tool wich is very important because it improves the understanding, development, assimilation and adjustment of the contents. And it has allowed them "to learn how to teach" that is, to show a piece of their work and results as in the future they will be demanded

Selección del portafolio de proyectos tecnológicos en la etapa temprana de la innovación. Desarrollo de una herramienta de evaluación

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David Güemes-Castorena

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Una de las decisiones más críticas en la etapa temprana de los proyectos tecnológicos de investigación es la de seleccionar aquellos proyectos que deberían recibir fondos y recursos para su desarrollo. Bajo este contexto surgen las siguientes interrogantes: ¿cuáles son las variables claves o los determinantes del éxito comercial en las etapas tempranas de la tecnología? ¿Cuáles de las variables tienen mayor importancia? Y en base a esto, ¿cómo proponer una herramienta de evaluación de proyectos que ayude a tomar decisiones más acertadas? Para contestar estas preguntas se realizó una revisión bibliográfica a fin de identificar las variables que influencian el éxito comercial así como una investigación de los métodos y las herramientas actualmente utilizadas con el objetivo de desarrollar e implementar una herramienta de evaluación sencilla y práctica. Como resultado se presentan las variables encontradas, agrupadas en cinco categorías y sus respectivas preguntas a evaluar. Además se expone la ponderación de cada categoría basado en un ejercicio de comparación pareada. Dicha herramienta se ha puesto en práctica y ha ayudado a tomar mejores decisiones para identificar las características que ayudan a tener éxito comercial de los proyectos tecnológicos, y por ende, seleccionar los proyectos con mayor probabilidad de éxito de innovación.

Construcción de una herramienta observacional para evaluar las conductas prosociales en las clases de educación física

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Antonio Hern\\u00E1ndez Mendo

2010-01-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo describe la construcción y validación de un sistema taxonómico original,"ad hoc", que permite observar las conductas prosociales que se producen en las clases de Educación Física (EF en la Enseñanza Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO. Dichas conductas se encuentran relacionadas con el desarrollo de valores positivos. Técnicamente, es una herramienta que combina los sistemas de formatos de campo y los sistemas de categorías E/ME. Este sistema se ha desarrollado desde una perspectiva deductiva desde el punto de vista del desarrollo del razonamiento moral de Kohlberg. El proceso de optimización de la herramienta, incluye el control y análisis de calidad del dato, destacando la concordancia consensuada y el análisis de la teoría de generalizabilidad, los cuales arrojan unos resultados óptimos.

Herramienta evolutiva para la planificación del mantenimiento de locaciones petroleras

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Maria Azul Cossio

2014-06-01

Full Text Available El propósito de este documento es la presentación de una herramienta (PAE, Planificación basada en un Algoritmo Evolutivo que utiliza un algoritmo evolutivo generador de múltiples soluciones para la planificación dinámica del mantenimiento preventivo de locaciones petroleras. La explotación y el transporte de petróleo son actividades muy importantes para el desarrollo económico de la sociedad industrial moderna. Sin embargo, estas actividades son generadoras de riesgos que se traducen en contaminaciones accidentales o crónicas que afectan directamente al ecosistema. Es importante que las empresas petroleras realicen un correcto mantenimiento de sus locaciones. PAE es capaz de brindar en forma oportuna la planificación del recorrido. El beneficio debe observarse desde dos aspectos. Primero, una planificación es mejor que otra, si para un mismo número de locaciones a visitar el costo de recorrido e intervención planificada es menor. Segundo, si con un mismo tiempo de intervención es posible realizar el mantenimiento a más locaciones, reduciendo la probabilidad de caída al incrementar la cantidad de locaciones recorridas. Se han incorporado eventos externos que provocan la replanificación y restricciones al momento de la planificación, en estos casos los resultados obtenidos han sido satisfactorios ya que minimizan el tiempo total de una planificación y maximizan la cantidad de locaciones visitadas. Esta herramienta ha sido diseñada para operar a un bajo costo de desarrollo tanto desde el punto de vista de la tecnología hardware como la tecnología de software que la soporta, desarrollada por el Laboratorio de Tecnologías Emergentes de la Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral Unidad Académica Caleta Olivia, utiliza un algoritmo evolutivo que es el generador de múltiples soluciones al problema.

Static electrification testing of Texas Utilities 345-20.9 kV, 650 MVA generator step-up transformer under controlled factory conditions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Crofts, D.W.; Moore, H.

1995-01-01

Comanche Peak Nuclear Power Plant, with two 1150 Megawatt units, has two 345-20.9 kV, three-phase, 650 MVA transformers connected in parallel. The transformers have had a long history of hydrogen generation, and one of the Unit No. 2 transformers failed in 1983 while energized from the system for plant construction power. The failed unit was repaired and returned to Comanche Peak, and there was no evidence of static electrification involvement in the failure. During the time from installation to commercial operation in 1990 for Unit No. 1 and 1992 for Unit No. 2, the transformers were backfed from the system as needed to provide construction power. There was little regard paid to the operation of the cooling systems other than assuring the cooling was running. The transformers on unit No. 1 were subjected to several unusual electrical events - ferroresonance in 1981 and over excitation in 1983, with the generation of gasses of great concern. The decision was made to install a new transformer and return the old unit to the factory for diagnostic testing to determine the cause for the generation of combustible gas, primarily hydrogen. The dielectric integrity of the transformer could be quantified and decisions made concerning the replacement of the remaining transformers. After testing, the transformer was disassembled for forensic evaluation and rebuilt for return as a spare or to replace another transformer while undergoing repairs. Deformation of the bottom of the tank was discovered with large dents in the bottom protruding inward approximately one and one-half inches. With the concern of decreased clearances or displaced flux shields in the tank, an inspection opening was cut in the end of the transformer near the bottom. While investigating the deformation, evidence of partial discharge activity was discovered at the bottom of the high-to-low insulation; a location where static electrification damage has been observed in other large shell-form transformers

Procedimiento para la gestión de mantenimiento utilizando herramientas de la cuarta generación

OpenAIRE

Aracelis Barrios; Maritza Ortiz

2013-01-01

El presente artículo presenta el diseño de un procedimiento para una gestión de mantenimiento sistémico, utilizando un conjunto de herramientas, que enfocan el uso de los recursos de la empresa asociados con las Personas, los Procesos y la Tecnología, orientados a mejorar la productividad, la toma de decisiones acertadas y a maximizar el rendimiento de los equipos, considerando entre otros, los factores de Confiabilidad, Mantenibilidad, Seguridad, Calidad y Medio Ambiente. El desarrollo del p...

La Intranet como herramienta de gestión en la Red de Bibliotecas del Instituto Cervantes

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Valverde Facal, María Victoria

2002-03-01

Full Text Available Hasta ahora se ha venido utilizando el término "automatización de bibliotecas" para referirse a la informatización de los registros y de los procesos técnicos. La automatización se ceñía a las cuatro paredes del espacio bibliotecario. Sin embargo, desde que Internet se ha implantado cada vez más en las bibliotecas, la automatización también es la salida de la biblioteca al exterior, e Internet es su herramienta.

Integración vertical y contratos gerenciales: herramientas estratégicas en mercados imperfectos

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Flavio Jácome Liévano

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Este artículo analiza un modelo de competencia a la Bertrand con bienes diferenciados, que permite determinar las decisiones óptimas de las empresas cuando los dueños pueden usar la integración vertical y los contratos gerenciales como herramientas estratégicas. En equilibrio se obtiene que: i los dueños siempre delegan el control en un gerente y este es incentivado a ser menos agresivo en ventas; ii cuando los bienes son casi homogéneos, no hay integración vertical; iii el bienestar social en ningún caso es el más alto que se podría lograr.

Competitividad de los sistemas híbridos eólicos-fotovoltaicos para la electrificación rural//Competitiveness of the wind-photovoltaic hybrid systems for the rural electrification

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ciaddy Rodríguez Borges

2015-01-01

Full Text Available La posibilidad de electrificación rural mediante extensión de la red eléctrica o mediante el uso exclusivo de generadores diésel suelen ser soluciones costosas, que además presentan alto impacto ecológico. Este trabajo abordó el planteamiento de opciones de electrificación empleando sistemas híbridos eólicos–fotovoltaicos con bajo respaldo diésel. Los sistemas propuestos están dimensionados para un número de viviendas y nivel de recursos renovables disímiles en función de cada localización. Se abordan distintos rangos de demandas mediante los 4 sistemas híbridos propuestos y se propone un procedimiento simple de ayuda para la selección. Fue realizado un análisis económico que permitió obtener como principal conclusión la comprobación de la mayor competitividad de estos sistemas híbridos eólicos–fotovoltaicos respecto a la generación diésel en función al costo equivalente de la energía y el impacto ambiental para la condición de disponibilidad de recursos renovables de una gran mayoría de regiones de América Latina y el Caribe.Palabras claves: competitividad energética, electrificación rural, sistema híbrido.______________________________________________________________________________AbstractThe possibility of rural electrification by means of extension of the electric net or by the exclusive use of generating diesel are usually expensive solutions, besides presenting this last option high ecological impact. This work approached the electrification options using wind-photovoltaic hybrid systems with low diésel support. These systems are sized for a number of housings and level ofresources renewable dissimilar in function to each localization. Different ranges of demands were approached by means of 4 proposed hybrid systems. It was proposed a simple procedure of help for the selection it was carried out an economic analysis that allowed to obtain the main conclusion when checking the biggest competitiveness

Derive: una herramienta para el aprendizaje de las matemáticas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Peña García, María Teresa

2001-01-01

Full Text Available En la sociedad actual se ha hecho imprescindible la utilización de herramientas informáticas tanto en el ámbito académico como en el profesional. Dentro de nuestro campo de docencia, las matemáticas, el empleo de recursos informáticos facilita al alumno la comprensión de los conceptos que se imparten en las clases teóricas, lo que permite un proceso de aprendizaje más eficiente. En este trabajo se detalla nuestra experiencia docente con el programa DERIVE en la asignatura Matemáticas de las licenciaturas en Economía y en Administración y Dirección de Empresas. En este contexto, se describe la organización de las prácticas efectuadas así como el contenido, el desarrollo y el proceso de evaluación de las mismas.

Asistencia personal: herramienta para una vida independiente. Situación actual

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mercedes López Pérez

2013-10-01

Full Text Available A través del presente artículo se realiza un estudio sobre el Movimiento de Vida Independiente y la figura del Asistente Personal en España. Dicho movimiento defiende una visión distinta sobre el mundo de la discapacidad, planteada por las propias personas con diversidad funcional que fomentan su propia autonomía e independencia y apuestan, por tanto, por una manera diferente de gestionar las políticas públicas de atención a la dependencia. La figura del Asistente Personal, poco desarrollada por las Administraciones Públicas en nuestro país, supone una herramienta en el proceso emancipador y de empoderamiento de las personas con discapacidad, con la adopción de medidas no medico-rehabilitadoras, encontrándose en la misma línea y principios propugnados por el Movimiento de Vida Independiente.

Herramientas de comunicación y presentación de contenidos en pregrados virtuales colombianos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Patricia Otero de Suárez

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo de investigación expone los resultados de un estudio mixto que examinó las experiencias y percepciones de un grupo de profesores, coordinadores y estudiantes de programas de pregrado en modalidad virtual en Colombia acerca del empleo de herramientas para la comunicación, la presentación y la apropiación de contenidos. A pesar de algunos logros, los hallazgos evidencian la necesidad de enfatizar la interacción con carácter dialógico y la colaboración en los espacios diseñados para la comunicación. Así mismo, la representación de información requiere apelar a formas distintas al texto escrito que motiven a los estudiantes a interactuar con los materiales y estimulen su comprensión de contenidos. Transferencia a la práctica Los avances tecnológicos de la web posibilitan el empleo pedagógico de múltiples herramientas para apoyar los procesos educativos de un número cada vez más grande de estudiantes en programas de pregrado en modalidad virtual. Los resultados de esta investigación invitan a incursionar en el empleo de redes sociales, espacios de creación colectiva y espacios para el estímulo de la creatividad en aras de enriquecer la presentación y apropiación de contenidos de los programas y generar procesos de comunicación entre estudiantes y profesores más significativos y enriquecedores.

Key factors for the implementation of successful, stand-alone village electrification schemes in Peru

Science.gov (United States)

Sanchez-Campos, Teodoro

The hypothesis of this work is that there are social, financial, technical, managerial institutional and political key factors that may either support or prevent the success of small stand alone energy systems in rural areas. This research work aims at contributing to the identification of such factors and study their relevance to the performance and sustainability of stand alone energy systems in rural areas; to meet its purpose, a wide range of literature was reviewed including rural electrification programmes and projects, research and development projects on access to electricity in rural areas, impact studies and others, and a field research survey was done the Andes and Upper Jungle regions in Peru. Nineteen possible critical factors were identified, thirteen with relevance at the local context (the community or village), and six with relevance at the national (or wider) context. From literature review it was found that the possible local critical factors were relevant only to four categories of factors instead of the six considered initially (i.e. social, financial, technological and managerial): the other two categories, political and institutional were found to be more relevant to the national context, therefore those were included in the group of possible critical factors of wider context. A series of questionnaires were designed to collect field data information, which was later used to analyse and establish the relation of each identified factor with the success of the systems studied. The survey research was implemented in 14 villages, 7 with small diesel sets and 7 with small hydropower schemes, all spread in the Andes and Upper Jungle of Peru, which were carefully selected to be representative of regions with isolated stand alone systems and with different socioeconomic background. Out of the 13 possible critical factors of local context, it was found that only 3 are really critical, the others are important but not critical; one of them (technical

Artificial intelligence tools to support the analysis of the high tension insulator flaming; Herramientas de inteligencia artificial de apoyo al analisis de flameos en aisladores de alta tension

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rodriguez Ortiz, Guillermo; Mejia Lavalle, Manuel; Montoya Tena, Gerardo [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)

1996-12-31

Four artificial intelligence tools developed at the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) to support the analysis of high tension insulator flaming are described. The first tool builds up a decision tree departing from historical data, the other 3 tools operate departing from the decision tree previously created to generate production rules, function as an expert system and make tests with many already known cases. These tools could predict the impending occurrence of flaming with enough time allowance for the insulators to be cleaned, since the traditional practice is the periodical cleaning of the insulators and this is not always adequate since the cleaning teams are limited, and the action of the environment is not always constant and for that reason insulators that do not need it are cleaned and vice-versa [Espanol] Se describen 4 herramientas de inteligencia artificial desarrolladas en el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) para apoyar al analisis de flameos en aisladores de alta tension. La primera herramienta construye el arbol de decision a partir de datos historicos; las otras 3 herramientas operan a partir del arbol de decision previamente creado para generar reglas de produccion, funcionar a la manera de un sistema experto y hacer pruebas con muchos casos conocidos. Estas herramientas podrian predecir la ocurrencia inminente del flameo con tiempo suficiente para que los aisladores se limpien, ya que la forma tradicional es limpiar periodicamente los aisladores y esto a veces no es adecuado debido a que las cuadrillas de limpieza son limitadas, ademas de que la accion del medio ambiente no es constante y es por eso que a veces se limpian aisladores que no lo necesitan o viceversa

Artificial intelligence tools to support the analysis of the high tension insulator flaming; Herramientas de inteligencia artificial de apoyo al analisis de flameos en aisladores de alta tension

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rodriguez Ortiz, Guillermo; Mejia Lavalle, Manuel; Montoya Tena, Gerardo [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)

1997-12-31

Four artificial intelligence tools developed at the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) to support the analysis of high tension insulator flaming are described. The first tool builds up a decision tree departing from historical data, the other 3 tools operate departing from the decision tree previously created to generate production rules, function as an expert system and make tests with many already known cases. These tools could predict the impending occurrence of flaming with enough time allowance for the insulators to be cleaned, since the traditional practice is the periodical cleaning of the insulators and this is not always adequate since the cleaning teams are limited, and the action of the environment is not always constant and for that reason insulators that do not need it are cleaned and vice-versa [Espanol] Se describen 4 herramientas de inteligencia artificial desarrolladas en el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) para apoyar al analisis de flameos en aisladores de alta tension. La primera herramienta construye el arbol de decision a partir de datos historicos; las otras 3 herramientas operan a partir del arbol de decision previamente creado para generar reglas de produccion, funcionar a la manera de un sistema experto y hacer pruebas con muchos casos conocidos. Estas herramientas podrian predecir la ocurrencia inminente del flameo con tiempo suficiente para que los aisladores se limpien, ya que la forma tradicional es limpiar periodicamente los aisladores y esto a veces no es adecuado debido a que las cuadrillas de limpieza son limitadas, ademas de que la accion del medio ambiente no es constante y es por eso que a veces se limpian aisladores que no lo necesitan o viceversa

Accesibilidad de los contenidos en un repositorio institucional: análisis, herramientas y usos del formato EPUB

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marisa R. De Giusti

2016-07-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo es describir alternativas incorporadas en el formato EPUB3 para promover el acceso a la producción académica y científica de las instituciones por parte de personas con discapacidades visuales. Como punto de partida se toma la figura del repositorio institucional como espacio que alberga y difunde esta producción, y cuyos objetivos incluyen darle mayor visibilidad y maximizar su impacto, manteniéndose así en la misma línea con la propuesta de este estudio. Se analizan los aportes introducidos en el formato EPUB3 con respecto a sus antecesores. En particular, se estudian las extensiones existentes que sirven para optimizar la síntesis de voz a partir de los textos (TTS, text-to-speech, la incorporación de voces adicionales y múltiples voces, y finalmente las herramientas disponibles para visualizar y reproducir documentos EPUB3 con incorporaciones TTS. En este aspecto, se hace énfasis en las aplicaciones accesibles gratuitamente desde dispositivos móviles actuales a fin de asegurar el aprovechamiento de estos aportes por cualquier potencial persona usuaria. Por último, se evalúa la viabilidad de implementar un circuito de generación de documentos EPUB3 accesibles, y se analizan posibles servicios adicionales que el repositorio institucional puede brindar a partir de estas herramientas.

Influencia de la Web 2.0 en el uso de las herramientas de autoría multimedia: estudio preliminar

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Diego Linares Romera

2014-10-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este artículo es presentar un estudio preliminar que siente las bases para una futura investigación destinada a conocer el uso que los profesores españoles hacen de las herramientas de autoría multimedia y el modo en que éstas se están adaptando o no a los cambios promovidos en los usuarios por la llamada Web 2.0. En esta primera fase, mediante el método del estudio de caso, se analiza el modo en que un grupo de profesores están creando contenidos educativos sin conocimientos de programación y los motivos por los que se han decantado por una u otra herramienta. A partir de los resultados obtenidos se elaborará un estudio más amplio destinado a conocer en qué medida los servicios de la Web 2.0 están influyendo en el desarrollo de las herramientas de autoría multimedia y en su uso por parte de los profesores. Influence of Web 2.0 in the use of Multimedia Authoring Tools: preliminar study Abstract The aim of this paper is twofold: On the one hand, to present a preliminary study that will lay the groundwork for future research on the way in which Spanish teachers are using multimedia authoring technologies. On the other, to establish whether these technologies have adapted to the changes in user expectations brought about by the rise of the so-called Web 2.0. Using the case study method, this first phase of the study analyses both how a specific group of teachers are creating educational content without having any prior programming skills, as well as their reasons for opting for one tool over another. The obtained results will be incorporated into a larger study focusing on the influence of Web 2.0 applications on the development of multimedia authoring tools, and their use by teachers. Keywords: Authoring tool; multimedia; Web 2.0; social web; educational content; elearning.

Electrification of precipitating systems over the Amazon: Physical processes of thunderstorm development

Science.gov (United States)

Albrecht, Rachel I.; Morales, Carlos A.; Silva Dias, Maria A. F.

2011-04-01

This study investigated the physical processes involved in the development of thunderstorms over southwestern Amazon by hypothesizing causalities for the observed cloud-to-ground lightning variability and the local environmental characteristics. Southwestern Amazon experiences every year a large variety of environmental factors, such as the gradual increase in atmospheric moisture, extremely high pollution due to biomass burning, and intense deforestation, which directly affects cloud development by differential surface energy partition. In the end of the dry period it was observed higher percentages of positive cloud-to-ground (+CG) lightning due to a relative increase in +CG dominated thunderstorms (positive thunderstorms). Positive (negative) thunderstorms initiated preferentially over deforested (forest) areas with higher (lower) cloud base heights, shallower (deeper) warm cloud depths, and higher (lower) convective potential available energy. These features characterized the positive (negative) thunderstorms as deeper (relatively shallower) clouds, stronger (relatively weaker) updrafts with enhanced (decreased) mixed and cold vertically integrated liquid. No significant difference between thunderstorms (negative and positive) and nonthunderstorms were observed in terms of atmospheric pollution, once the atmosphere was overwhelmed by pollution leading to an updraft-limited regime. However, in the wet season both negative and positive thunderstorms occurred during periods of relatively higher aerosol concentration and differentiated size distributions, suggesting an aerosol-limited regime where cloud electrification could be dependent on the aerosol concentration to suppress the warm and enhance the ice phase. The suggested causalities are consistent with the invoked hypotheses, but they are not observed facts; they are just hypotheses based on plausible physical mechanisms.

Herramienta para la Detección de Vulnerabilidades basada en la Identificación de Servicios

OpenAIRE

Franco, David A; Perea, Jorge L; Tovar, Luis C

2013-01-01

Resumen El objetivo principal de este trabajo fue diseñar un nuevo enfoque para la detección y evaluación de vulnerabilidades en equipos de red mediante la técnica de identificación de servicios. Este enfoque consiste en determinar los nombres y versiones de los servicios activos en un equipo de red para luego buscar las vulnerabilidades de seguridad de los mismos en la Base de Datos Nacional de Vulnerabilidades. Se desarrolló una herramienta computacional llamada UdeCEscaner y se escogieron ...

SIG-TUR: UMA HERRAMIENTA PARA LA PLANIFICACIÓN, GESTIÓN Y CONTROL DE LOS DESTINOS TURISTICOS

OpenAIRE

Ghedin, Leila Marcia; Alves da Silva, Moivan; Duarte Sevalho, Carla Danielle; da Silva Level, Tainah

2012-01-01

El Sistema de Información Geográfica Aplicado al Turismo – SIG-Tur es una herramienta tecnológica que optimiza los estudios turísticos desarrollados por los planificadores del sector. En el estudio se buscó evidenciar el instrumento de planificación SIG-Tur, que dispone de funciones de registro, almacenamiento y manipulación de informaciones, además de considerar las dificultades enfrentadas al respecto de la representación de fenómenos espaciales que el turismo abarca. Para el estudio se ado...

Herramienta automática para la generación de catálogos de venta en internet

OpenAIRE

Hernández, M.J.; Borrego, I.; García-Peñalvo, Francisco José; Curto Diego, María Belén; Moreno García, María N.; Hernández Simón, Juan Andrés

2001-01-01

En este trabajo se muestra la génesis de un proyecto orientado a construir una herramienta software especializada, que permita automatizar, hasta cierto punto, el diseño de catálogos de productos para su posteriorpublicación y venta en Internet. Este proceso de automatización tiene como fin último que una empresa pueda entrar e n el mundo del comercio electrónico sin necesidad de que sus responsables tengan unos conocimientos avanzados sobreinformática.

Electrification of remote coastal areas through wind-energy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hassan, M.

2005-01-01

It has been estimated that with the present utilization of resources, the country will run out of oil and gas reserves in one and a half decade. There is, thus, a strong need to take measures to tap other resources of energy, which are abundantly available in Pakistan. The exploitation of these resources for production of electricity on local basis, under participatory system of development, would supplement energy being provided by WAPDA, at a much lower cost due to the avoidance of laying high-tension cables, transformers, and meters, etc., and the manpower required to maintain the system. Balochistan is a large but thinly populated province of Pakistan. The situation of electrification in Balochistan is serious, as a vast majority of the population is without access to electricity. Many villages and districts of Balochistan do not have centralized electricity-grid and there is no hope, in the near future, to have one because the extension of grid to such remote and scattered settlements is neither practical nor economically viable. In Balochistan, out of a total number of 13,700 villages, WAPDA has merely electrified 3,154 villages due to the high cost involved in developing the necessary infrastructure. Not surprisingly, this situation is a source of discontentment among the people of the Province. Pakistan has a considerable potential of wind-energy in the coastal belt of Balochistan and Sindh, as well as in the desert areas of Punjab and Sindh, which if utilized effectively, can not only electrify all remote coastal villages, but the electricity so produced also can be fed to the national grid. This renewable source of energy has however, so far, not been utilized. Recently, fourteen small wind-turbines (300-500 watts) were procured and installed by PCRET under Sino-Pak S and T Protocol. Being encouraged by performance of these small wind- turbines, a further 120 wind turbines (JOO of 500 watts and 20 wind-turbines of 5kW each) are being installed. The small

La conferencia: una herramienta para la docencia universitaria

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Análida E. Pinilla Roa

1998-04-01

Full Text Available EI estilo de la reunión que se ha impuesto en la presente década tiende a ser mucho más corta, precisa y objetiva, por lo cual, es necesario que esta, sea una herramienta que contribuya a la productividad de las empresas y las instituciones universitarias. Aquellas conferencias largas, monótonas, y con poca o ninguna participación del auditorio, están en vía de extinción. EI concepto de aprendizaje involucra indispensablemente la participación activa del sujeto 0 del auditorio, por lo  cual, las reuniones académicas deben brindar a los estudiantes una metodología que garantice el aprovechamiento y retención de la información, así como la apropiación de nuevas conductas y conceptos. Las estrategias de instrucción han venido cambiando con la aparición de las diferentes tecnologías audiovisuales, facilitando el proceso de aprendizaje y garantizando una mejor y mayor retención de la información dada; por esta razón, sus conferencias y reuniones deben tener el suficiente dinamismo e impacto en el material presentado y el método de exposición a fin de lograr los objetivos que se propone conseguir.

¿Un neologismo a la moda?: Repensar la interseccionalidad como herramienta para la articulación política feminista

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Itziar Gandarias Goikoetxea

2017-06-01

Full Text Available La interseccionalidad se considera una de las mayores contribuciones a los estudios de género y feministas de las últimas décadas. A pesar de ello, algunas teóricas son suspicaces al actual uso acrítico y fetichización de la interseccionalidad y otras la contemplan como un neologismo a la moda. En base a la experiencia de articulación de la Plataforma de la Marcha Mundial de Mujeres del País Vasco, este texto explora alguna de las tensiones  que surgen a la hora de poner en práctica la interseccionalidad. Con el fin de recuperar su carácter radical y transformador originario de los feminismos negros, se presentan tres retos de la interseccionalidad como herramienta de articulación política: (i  atender la interrelación entre subjetividad e interseccionalidad (ii su repolitización  y radicalización y (iii la apuesta por una interseccionalidad situada y contingente. Más que una noción caduca, la interseccionalidad es presentada como una herramienta con un potencial político y teórico aún por explorar

AUTOMATIZACIÓN EN NIVEL DE CONTROL DE PLANTA MEDIANTE EL USO DE HERRAMIENTAS LIBRES Y COMPUTACIÓN EN LA NUBE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leonardo Emiro Contreras Bravo

2015-09-01

Full Text Available El control del proceso de fabricación ofrece muchas herramientas para la optimización productiva de una empresa. Existen aplicaciones especializadas para integrar la información a nivel de planta con el de control de empresa, estos software están basados generalmente en sistemas altamente automatizados en los niveles de campo. La industria de muebles para oficina en Colombia está conformada por pequeñas y medianas empresas, con máquinas con un alto contenido de operación humana y baja automatización. El control de producción mediante informes en papel impide que se pueda tener una fotografía en tiempo real del proceso y la gestión puede ser lenta frente a las necesidades de la empresa. En este documento se presenta una alternativa de diseño de un sistema MES basado en herramientas libres y de computación en la nube, además se hace el planteamiento de implementación para la industria de muebles para oficina al ser integrada integrándola con un sistema CAD especializado llamado OffiCAD.

Análisis de la herramienta de medición del riesgo ergonómico en agricultura (AERAT)

OpenAIRE

Carmen Madriz Quirós; Lawrence J. H. Schulze

2010-01-01

La agricultura se caracteriza por ser unaactividad estacional, en condicionesclimáticas inclementes, con un sector pocoorganizado, el cual obtiene resultados aun alto costo social que se resume en eldeterioro de la salud de los trabajadores.La herramienta AERAT fue diseñadapensando en condiciones adversasde trabajo y tomando como indicadorprincipal el nivel de consumo de oxígenode los trabajadores en las plantacionesde banano.El sector de atención de estaherramienta llama poderosamente laaten...

La multimedia como herramienta para el aprendizaje autónomo del vocabulario del inglés por parte de los niños

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francisco Moreno Mosquera

2011-09-01

Full Text Available Este artículo describe una Investigación pedagógica realizada en la Universidad del Chocó orientada a comprobar el grado de efectividad de la multimedia como herramienta para el aprendizaje autónomo del vocabulario del inglés por parte de los niños. El problema a investigarse planteó en términos de los interrogantes: ¿qué tan efectivo es el aprendizaje de una lengua extranjera a través de la tecnología?, ¿qué tanto pueden aprender los niños chocoanos por sí solos el vocabulario del inglés por medio de la multimedia? Los hallazgos encontrados confirman varias hipótesis sobre el aprendizaje del vocabulario y la pronunciación y permiten concluir que la multimedia es eficaz como herramienta didáctica para el aprendizaje autónomo de la lengua extranjera.

El Diseño Modular en el contexto del desarrollo de Máquinas Herramienta Reconfigurables. // Modular Design in the development of reconfigurable Machine Tools´ context.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

R. Pérez Rodríguez

2005-05-01

Full Text Available Las tendencias actuales en los procesos de manufactura reflejan los cambios en las demandas de los clientes. En nuestrosdías, el mercado requiere inexorablemente de productos cada vez más personalizados, por lo que se tiende de unaproducción masiva hacia un tipo específico de producción, en menos tiempo y con menos costos de producción. Enrespuesta a esta necesidad, la nueva generación de máquinas herramienta debe de ser reconfigurable e inteligente. Lascaracterísticas principales de las Máquinas Reconfigurables e Inteligentes son la modularidad, convertibilidad, flexibilidady efectividad en los costos. Este artículo presenta un enfoque para el diseño modular de máquinas herramienta, basado en elportafolio de productos del constructor de máquinas. La metodología parte de un conjunto de requerimientos funcionalesdefinidos por el constructor de máquinas y ofrece una descripción de los posibles módulos que pueden ser desarrolladospara una determinada máquina herramienta reconfigurable.Palabras claves: Diseño modular, máquinas herramienta, reconfigurable, inteligente.___________________________________________________________________________Abstract.The manufacturing tendencies reflect the changes on the customer demands. Nowadays, the market is constantly requiringmore customized products, moving from mass production to “one-of-a-kind production” in less time with lower productioncosts. In response to this need, the next generation of machine tools should be reconfigurable and intelligent.Reconfigurability allows for the reduction of machine design lead time, machine set-up and ramp-up time. The principalcharacteristics of the Reconfigurable and Intelligent Machines are modularity, convertibility, flexibility and costeffectiveness.This paper presents an approach for the design of machine tools modules, based on the product portfolio ofthe machine tool builder. The methodology takes as input a set of functional requirements

Realidad Aumentada como herramienta de mejora de la inteligencia espacial en estudiantes de educación secundaria

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francisco del Cerro Velázquez

2017-01-01

Full Text Available En el presente estudio se muestra una experiencia de innovación educativa llevada a cabo co n alumnado de bajo rendimiento de tercer curso de E ducación Secundaria Obligatoria , en la materia de Tecnologías. Centrando el eje del estudio entorno a una unidad didáctica vinculada a la expresión gráfica , con el fin de mejorar su g rado de habilidad espacial . En el desarrollo de esta experiencia ha sido seleccionad o como muestra de estudio el grupo de tercer curso , que presenta a nivel general mayor dificultad para asimilar este tipo de conocimiento s . Se describe d e manera detallada como se ha innovado trabajando contenidos vinculados a la expresión gráfica: las perspectivas de los objetos ; a través de herramientas de realidad aumentada . Para ello, se ha recurrido a una estrategia innovadora de enseñanza - aprendizaje centrada en el empleo de herramientas TIC , entre las que las que destaca la utilización de teléfonos inteligentes por parte del alumnado. Presentamos la descripción detallada de la experiencia, así como los principales resultado s observados tras su reali zación . Entendemos que inciden en la necesidad de introducir la realida d aumentada en el proceso de enseñanza - aprendizaje , como una estrategia educativa innovadora apoyada en el uso de los s martphones.

Propuesta de utilización de herramientas de telemetría, para identificar técnicas de Ciberdelitos como Watering Hole, en redes de infraestructura (caso de estudio Netflow de Cisco)

OpenAIRE

Zambrano Montenegro, David Fernando

2015-01-01

El presente trabajo de investigación presenta la propuesta de utilización de herramientas de telemetría, para identificar técnicas de ciberdelitos como watering hole en redes de infraestructura, caso de estudio Netflow de cisco. Para simular este ciberataque se diseñó una red de infraestructura con la herramienta GNS3, en este caso una topología vulnerable que consta de dos redes LAN, conectadas entre sí a través del internet. El área LAN de los clientes será denomina como LNCL y el área de l...

Limitaciones de las actuales herramientas de análisis digital forense para dispositivos móviles

OpenAIRE

Amsler, G. A.; Casco, María Eugenia; Roatta, Santiago

2017-01-01

Este informe describe la resolución de un problema de ingeniería de la asignatura Seguridad Informática de la Carrera de Ingeniería en Sistemas de la Universidad Abierta Interamericana. El objetivo del trabajo fue realizar una comparación cualitativa y cuantitativa de diferentes herramientas de adquisición de evidencia digital en dispositivos móviles. Las tareas se desarrollaron en el marco de una pasantía de un año realizada en el Laboratorio de Análisis Digital Forense de la Policía de Inve...

Herramientas para el análisis y seguimiento en Redes SocialesFerramentas para a Análise e Monitoramento nas Redes Sociais

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Prieto

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Introducción: Las redes y asociaciones son utilizadas por las personas desde los principios de la humanidad y su análisis emerge preocupaciones de distintos sectores de la sociedad. El Análisis de Redes Sociales estudia la relación que existe entre las personas, la estructura social, se compara la presencia online de una empresa con su debida competencia etc. Tratase de un área que está emergiendo como imprescindible en los procesos de decisión para su capacidad de analizar e intervenir en el comportamiento de la estrutucturas. Objetivo: Evaluar tres herramientas de Análisis de Redes Sociales para monitorear las conversaciones acerca de la organización “IFLA” (Federación Internacional de Asociaciones de Bibliotecarios para medir el sentimiento de las mismas, administrar los esfuerzos sociales y relacionar los flujos entre las entidades y los grupos. Metodología: Ensayo Resultados: La propiedad más importante de una herramienta para el Análisis de Redes Sociales es el echo de que son libres y virtuales. Los resultados muestran que el número de búsquedas realizadas sobre la IFLA, desde 2004, es decreciente en relación con el número total de búsquedas que han sido realizadas en Google. Por otra parte, es interesante destacar que el interés regional no coincide completamente con Google Trends y Google Insight. Conclusiones: El estudio analizó las herramientas especializadas en el registro de la actividad en las medias sociales, que tienen un alto potencial para el ejercicio del control en la esfera de las relaciones públicas y de la investigación básica y aplicada.

Antecedentes metodológicos y herramientas de diseño en el proyecto arquitectónico de la envolvente biomimética

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adriana Edith Granero

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Esta investigación responde a la problemática del diseño arquitectónico sustentable, con una búsqueda en los antecedentes y en las herramientas que admitan el concepto de una envolvente arquitectónica, con un sistema de construcción inspirado en la biomimética y organizando un límite arquitectónico a partir de una estructura celular, como propuesta que desafía el mejoramiento de los modelos; se busca el equilibrio entre el diseño y el uso de los recursos. El objetivo es realizar un análisis de antecedentes metodológicos y de las herramientas de diseño para crear una envolvente arquitectónica, inspirada en la biomimética y que reduzca el consumo de energía de un edificio diseñado para el clima de Buenos Aires, Argentina; con diseño pasivo y para responder a los efectos de la insolación e iluminación.

Desarrollo de una herramienta de software de cálculo y diseño de infraestructuras comunes de telecomunicación

OpenAIRE

Escrivá Cuevas, Joan

2008-01-01

El objetivo del proyecto actual es desarrollar una herramienta de software de diseño, cálculo y análisis de infraestructuras comunes de acceso a las telecomunicaciones capaz de competir con aquellas existentes en el mercado e incluso mejorar muchas características de los ya existentes. Escueal Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Telecomunicación

Métodos, técnicas y herramientas para la ingeniería de software orientada a agentes

OpenAIRE

Palliotto, Diana; Tkachuk, Gregorio N.; Vega Ugozzoli, Carlos E.

2013-01-01

La Ingeniería de Software Orientada a Agentes es un enfoque que ha demostrado ser conveniente para construir sistemas complejos en comparación con el desarrollo estándar. Indudablemente, el éxito de la realización de los sistemas orientados a agentes sólo puede garantizarse si se puede reducir la brecha entre el análisis y la implementación, y así desarrollar herramientas para que los conceptos y las técnicas de los sistemas multiagentes puedan implementarse fácil y directamente. Pero, ...

Herramienta de visualización de rutas accesibles en espacios urbanos utilizando tecnología HTML5

OpenAIRE

Valls Dalmau, Francesc; Roca Cladera, Josep

2017-01-01

Este artículo ha sido posible, gracias a los trabajos realizados desde el Centro de Política de Suelo y Valoraciones (CPSV) y el Laboratorio de Modelización Virtual de la Ciudad (LMVC) en el marco del “Ciudad sin barreras. Herramienta para la avaluación y visualización de la accesibilidad al espacio público, en base a tecnologías TLS, GIS i GPS, dirigido por el profesor Josep Roca Caldera (coautor) financiado en el marco de la Convocatoria RecerCaixa 2013, en la...

Aplicación de la herramienta Value Stream Mapping a una empresa embaladora de productos de vidrio

OpenAIRE

Paredes-Rodríguez, Andrés Mauricio

2017-01-01

RESUMEN Las herramientas Lean Manufacturing se han posicionado en el entorno empresarial como metodologías claras y eficientes para la optimización de procesos en cualquier tipo de empresa. En el presente estudio se implementa la metodología lean llamada Value Stream Mapping o mapeo de cadena de valor en una empresa embaladora de productos de vidrio, con el propósito de identificar y eliminar aquellas actividades que no agregan valor al proceso y a su vez mejorar el desempeño del área logísti...

Diseño de un cuadricóptero de bajo coste basado en herramientas de software libre

OpenAIRE

Ciudad Gómez, Rubén

2016-01-01

El presente proyecto tiene como objetivo la realización de un cuadricóptero de bajo coste desarrollado con herramientas de software libre, con el fin de permitir el acceso y modificación del mismo a cualquiera que posea los conocimientos necesarios. Los cuadricópteros se definen como un vehículo aéreo no tripulado con cuatro rotores en los extremos. Los ejemplos existentes de estos tipos de vehículos son casi siempre de grandes cuadricópteros, los cuales utilizan diferentes tecnologías en ...