Design and performance of the focusing DIRC detector

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dey, B. [University of California, Riverside, CA 92521 (United States); Borsato, M.; Arnaud, N. [Laboratoire de l' Accélérateur Linéaire, Centre Scientifique d' Orsay, F-91898 Orsay Cedex (France); Leith, D.W.G.S.; Nishimura, K. [SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, CA 94309 (United States); Roberts, D.A. [University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA. (United States); Ratcliff, B.N. [SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, CA 94309 (United States); Varner, G. [University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA. (United States); Va' vra, J., E-mail: jjv@slac.stanford.edu [SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, CA 94309 (United States)

2015-03-01

We present the final results from a novel Cherenkov imaging detector called the Focusing DIRC (FDIRC). This detector was designed as a full-scale prototype of the particle identification system for the SuperB experiment [1], and comprises 1/12 of the SuperB barrel azimuthal coverage, with partial photodetector and electronics implementation. The prototype was tested in the SLAC Cosmic Ray Telescope which provided 3D tracking of cosmic muons with an angular resolution of ~1.5 mrad, a position resolution of 4–5 mm, a start time resolution of 70 ps, and muon tracks above ~2 GeV tagged using an iron range stack. The fused silica focusing photon camera was coupled to a full-size BaBar DIRC bar box and was read out, over part of the full coverage, by 12 Hamamatsu H8500 multi-anode photomultipliers (MaPMTs) providing 768 pixels. We used waveform digitizing electronics to read out the MaPMTs. We give a detailed description of our data analysis methods and point out limitations on the present performance. We present results that demonstrate some basic performance characteristics of this design, including (a) single photon Cherenkov angle resolutions with and without chromatic corrections, (b) signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio between the Cherenkov peak and background, which primarily consists of ambiguities of the possible photon paths from emission along the track to a given pixel, (c) dTOP=TOP{sub measured} – TOP{sub expected} resolutions (with TOP being the photon Time-of-Propagation in fused silica), and (d) performance of the detector in the presence of high-rate backgrounds.

DIRC dreams: research directions for the next generation of internally reflected imaging counters

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ratcliff, Blair N.; Spanier, Stefan

1999-01-01

Some conceptual design features of the total internally reflecting, imaging Cherenkov counter (DIRC) are described. Limits of the DIRC approach to particle identification, and a few features of alternative DIRC designs, are briefly explored

DIRC Dreams Redux: Research Directions for the Next Generation of Internally Reflected Imaging Counters

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ratcliff, Blair N

2001-09-18

Some general conceptual design features of total internally reflecting, imaging Cherenkov counters (DIRCs) are described. Limits of the DIRC approach to particle identification and a few features of alternative DIRC designs are briefly explored.

DIRC-based PID for the EIC central detector

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dzhygadlo, Roman; Schwarz, Carsten; Schwiening, Jochen [GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt (Germany); Peters, Klaus [GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt (Germany); Goethe-Universitaet Frankfurt (Germany); Collaboration: DIRC at EIC RD-Collaboration

2015-07-01

One of the key requirements for the central detector of a future Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) is to provide radially compact Particle Identification (PID) (e/π,π/K,K/p) over a wide momentum range. It is expected that the PID system will need to include one or more Cherenkov counters to achieve this goal. With a radial size of only a few cm, a DIRC counter (Detector of Internally Reflected Cherenkov light) is potentially an attractive option. The DIRC rate at EIC R and D Collaboration was formed by groups in the United States and Germany in 2011 with funding from DOE to investigate ways to extend the momentum coverage of DIRC counters for the EIC detector by up to 50% beyond the current state of the art. Possible design improvements include a complex focusing system, multi-anode sensors with smaller pixels, a time-based reconstruction algorithm, and chromatic dispersion mitigation. Both Geant and ray-tracing simulations are used to optimize the design configuration of the DIRC counter in terms of the performance and the best integration with the EIC detector. We discuss the current status of the design studies and the possible improvements to the Cherenkov angle resolution and the photon yield.

The inclusion of RPC only segments in the Barrel Muon Track Finder

CERN Document Server

CMS Collaboration

2018-01-01

On November 3, 2017 during the LHC fill 6360 and from the run number 306121 RPC-only segments were enable to trigger. In this document we show the impact of the RPC-only segments in the Barrel Muon Track Finder efficiency performance. The efficiency measurement was done with Tag and Probe cut and count following the Muon POG working point recommendations (tight ID and Particle Flow isolation requirements more details can be found in https://cds.cern.ch/record/2054113). The used dataset was ZMuMu corresponding to each period.

Corrosion of Glass Windows in DIRC PMTs

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Va' vra, Jaroslav

2001-07-27

The DIRC photon detector contains {approx}11,000 photomultipliers (PMTs), which are submerged in ultra-pure water. This note reports on glass corrosion R and D conducted with PMTs in pure water. We conclude that only limited number ({approx}50) of the PMTs in water are affected by rapid corrosion, while a majority of the 11,000 PMTs should last, according to our measurements, for another ten years. The observation of PMT glass corrosion is based on visual observations, X-ray surface analysis, ESCA surface analysis, weight analysis, transmission measurement, as well as detailed water trace element analysis. We also correlate these observations with DIRC measurements of water pH factor, resistivity, temperature, transmission, and BaBar analysis of Bhabha and di-muon events. We also compare DIRC water purity with that of the Super Kamiokande and K2K experiments, which also use ultra-pure water. We provide empirical proof that corrosion, in our particular Borosilicate type of PMT glass window, occurs at high rate when the glass has no Zn content.

The DIRC Particle Identification System for the BaBar Experiment

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Adam, I

2004-06-30

A new type of ring-imaging Cherenkov detector is being used for hadronic particle identification in the BABAR experiment at the SLAC B Factory (PEP-II). This detector is called DIRC, an acronym for Detection of Internally Reflected Cherenkov (Light). This paper will discuss the construction, operation and performance of the BABAR DIRC in detail.

Fabrication of DIRC radiator bars and plates at InSync, Inc.

Science.gov (United States)

Tonnessen, T. W.

2017-12-01

Fabrication of quality radiator bars and plates is paramount to a successful DIRC project. This write up discusses the trials and tribulations of the manufacture of ~600 bars for the BaBar DIRC project and discusses the history and current capabilities of InSync, Inc.

A new prototype for the PANDA disc DIRC detector

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rieke, Julian; Dueren, Michael; Hayrapetyan, Avetik; Foehl, Klaus; Kroeck, Benno; Merle, Oliver; Etzelmueller, Erik; Biguenko, Klim [Justus Liebig Universitaet, Giessen (Germany); Collaboration: PANDA-Collaboration

2014-07-01

The PANDA experiment at the future FAIR facility needs excellent particle identification to do precision studies of antiproton-proton reactions in the 1.5-15 GeV/c momentum range. To fulfill this need, two Cherenkov detectors will be installed in the PANDA target spectrometer, both based on the DIRC concept that uses internally reflected Cherenkov light to perform particle identification, with a focus on the separation of pions and kaons. The Disc-DIRC is designed to cap the forward region of theta angles between 5 and 22 degrees. It will be the first time that a 3D-Disc-DIRC is used for PID in a real physics experiment beyond prototyping. A new prototyping Disc-DIRC apparatus has been constructed at the JLU Giessen. Unlike previous prototypes, this one features a radiator as well as focusing elements made out of fused silica. The Cherenkov light is detected with 22 multi-anode-phototubes and 4 MCP-PMTs, totalling 608 individual pixels. Timing information for each of the latter is generated using the novel TRB3 system developed at GSI. The entire prototype was tested with an electron beam of several GeV/c provided by DESY in Hamburg. The components, their setup and a first analysis of the recorded data will be presented.

Assembly of 5.5-Meter Diameter Developmental Barrel Segments for the Ares I Upper Stage

Science.gov (United States)

Carter, Robert W.

2011-01-01

Full scale assembly welding of Ares I Upper Stage 5.5-Meter diameter cryogenic tank barrel segments has been performed at the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC). One full-scale developmental article produced under the Ares 1 Upper Stage project is the Manufacturing Demonstration Article (MDA) Barrel. This presentation will focus on the welded assembly of this barrel section, and associated lessons learned. Among the MDA articles planned on the Ares 1 Program, the Barrel was the first to be completed, primarily because the process of manufacture from piece parts (barrel panels) utilized the most mature friction stir process planned for use on the Ares US program: Conventional fixed pin Friction Stir Welding (FSW). This process is in use on other space launch systems, including the Shuttle s External Tank, the Delta IV common booster core, the Delta II, and the Atlas V rockets. The goals for the MDA Barrel development were several fold: 1) to prove out Marshall Space Flight Center s new Vertical Weld Tool for use in manufacture of cylindrical barrel sections, 2) to serve as a first run for weld qualification to a new weld specification, and 3) to provide a full size cylindrical section for downstream use in precision cleaning and Spray-on Foam Insulation development. The progression leading into the welding of the full size barrel included sub scale panel welding, subscale cylinder welding, a full length confidence weld, and finally, the 3 seamed MDA barrel processing. Lessons learned on this MDA program have been carried forward into the production tooling for the Ares 1 US Program, and in the use of the MSFC VWT in processing other large scale hardware, including two 8.4 meter diameter Shuttle External Tank barrel sections that are currently being used in structural analysis to validate shell buckling models.

The Endcap Disc DIRC of PANDA

Science.gov (United States)

Düren, M.; Etzelmüller, E.; Föhl, K.; Hayrapetyan, A.; Kröck, B.; Merle, O.; Rieke, J.; Schmidt, M.; Wasem, T.; Britting, A.; Eyrich, W.; Lehmann, A.; Pfaffinger, M.; Uhlig, F.; Belias, A.; Dzhygadlo, R.; Gerhardt, A.; Götzen, K.; Kalicy, G.; Krebs, M.; Lehmann, D.; Nerling, F.; Patsyuk, M.; Peters, K.; Schepers, G.; Schmitt, L.; Schwarz, C.; Schwiening, J.; Traxler, M.; Zühlsdorf, M.; Cowie, E.; Keri, T.; Achenbach, P.; Cardinali, M.; Hoek, M.; Lauth, W.; Schlimme, S.; Sfienti, C.; Thiel, M.

2017-12-01

The Endcap Disc DIRC (EDD) for PANDA has been designed to identify traversing pions, kaons and protons in the future PANDA experiment. Its central part is a 2 cm thick fused silica plate. Focussing optics are attached to the outer rim of the plate, outside of the acceptance of the experiment. Fast, high-resolution MCP-PMTs, designed to register single Cherenkov photons, have been tested in magnetic field. Filters limit the spectral acceptance of the sensors to reduce dispersion effects and to extend their lifetime. A compact and fast readout is realized with ASICs. Analytical reconstruction algorithms allow for fast particle identification. The angular resolution of a DIRC prototype has been simulated in Monte Carlo and confirmed in a test beam. The final detector will be able to provide a 4 σπ / K separation up to a momentum of 4 GeV / c .

Simulation and reconstruction of photon patterns in the PANDA 3D Disc DIRC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Merle, O; Düren, M; Föhl, K; Hayrapetyan, A; Koch, P; Kreutzfeldt, K; Kröck, B; Sporleder, M; Stöckmann, N; Zühlsdorf, M

2012-01-01

The PANDA Disc DIRC is a novel type of Cherenkov detector, being developed to improve the charged particle identification of the upcoming PANDA experiment at the future FAIR facility. The detector has to cover the endcap region of the target spectrometer, resulting in a geometry that by now has never been applied to a DIRC detector. Additional complications are implied by tight space constraints at the foreseen position, interaction rates of 20 MHz up to 50 MHz and the experiments trigger-less readout scheme. To cope with the lack of experience, the development of detector concepts is driven by the development of computer simulations and dedicated reconstruction methods. The performance analysis of a preceding detector concept, presented at the DIRC workshop in 2009, showed several weaknesses which have been eliminated by revising the detector design. This publication summarizes the current status of the software, the reconstruction method and resulting detector performance of the improved design: the PANDA 3D Disc DIRC.

DIRC, the internally reflecting ring imaging Cherenkov detector for BABAR

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Adam, I.; Aston, D.

1997-11-01

The DIRC is a new type of Cherenkov imaging device that will be used for the first time in the BABAR detector at the asymmetric B-factory, PEP-II. It is based on total internal reflection and uses long, rectangular bars made from synthetic fused silica as Cherenkov radiator and light guide. The principles of the DIRC ring imaging Cherenkov technique are explained and results from the prototype program are presented. Its choice for the BABAR detector particle identification system is motivated, followed by a discussion of the quartz radiator properties and the detector design

DIRC, a new type of particle identification system For BABAR

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schwiening, J.

1997-12-01

The DIRC, a new type of Cherenkov imaging device, has been selected as the primary particle identification system for the BABAR detector at the asymmetric B-factory, PEP-II. It is based on total internal reflection and uses long, rectangular bars made from synthetic fused silica as Cherenkov radiators and light guides. In this paper, the principles of the DIRC ring imaging Cherenkov technique are explained and results from the prototype program are presented. The studies of the optical properties and radiation hardness of the quartz radiators are described, followed by a discussion of the detector design

High-performance DIRC detector for the future Electron Ion Collider experiment

Science.gov (United States)

Kalicy, G.; Allison, L.; Cao, T.; Dzhygadlo, R.; Hartlove, T.; Horn, T.; Hyde, C.; Ilieva, Y.; Nadel-Turonski, P.; Park, K.; Peters, K.; Schwarz, C.; Schwiening, J.; Stevens, J.; Xi, W.; Zorn, C.

2018-04-01

Excellent particle identification (PID) is an essential requirement for a future Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) detector. Identification of the hadrons in the final state is critical to study how different quark flavors contribute to nucleon properties. A detector based on the Detection of Internally Reflected Cherenkov light (DIRC) principle, with a radial size of only a few cm, is a perfect solution for those requirements. The R&D process performed by the EIC PID consortium (eRD14) is focused on designing a high-performance DIRC that would extend the momentum coverage well beyond the state-of-the-art, allowing 3 standard deviations or more separation of π/K up to 6 GeV/c, e/π up to 1.8 GeV/c, and p/K up to 10 GeV/c. A key component to reach such a performance is a special 3-layer compound lens. This article describes the status of the High-Performance DIRC R&D for the EIC detector, with a focus on the detailed Monte Carlo simulation results and performance tests of the 3-layer lens.

Tests and developments of the PANDA Endcap Disc DIRC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Etzelmüller, E.; Belias, A.; Dzhygadlo, R.; Gerhardt, A.; Götzen, K.; Kalicy, G.; Krebs, M.; Lehmann, D.; Nerling, F.; Patsyuk, M.; Peters, K.; Schepers, G.; Schmitt, L.; Schwarz, C.; Schwiening, J.; Traxler, M.; Zühlsdorf, M.; Britting, A.; Eyrich, W.; Lehmann, A.

2016-01-01

The PANDA experiment at the future Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) requires excellent particle identification. Two different DIRC detectors will utilize internally reflected Cherenkov light of charged particles to enable the separation of pions and kaons up to momenta of 4 GeV/c. The Endcap Disc DIRC will be placed in the forward endcap of PANDA's central spectrometer covering polar angles between 5° and 22°. Its final design is based on MCP-PMTs for the photon detection and an optical system made of fused silica. A new prototype has been investigated during a test beam at CERN in May 2015 and first results will be presented. In addition a new synthetic fused silica material by Nikon has been tested and was found to be radiation hard.

Significantly increased lifetime of recent microchannel-plate photomultipliers

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Britting, Alexander; Eyrich, Wolfgang; Lehmann, Albert; Uhlig, Fred [Physikalisches Institut, Universitaet Erlangen-Nuernberg (Germany)

2013-07-01

Micro-channel plate photo multipliers (MCP-PMT) are the favored sensors for the DIRC detectors (Detection of Internally Reflected Cherenkov Light) of the PANDA experiment. The main reasons for this are their usability in high magnetic fields of up to 2 T, a time resolution of better than σ = 50 ps and a rate capability high enough to withstand a detected photon rate of about 200 kHz cm{sup -2} at the MCP-PMTs surface, which is anticipated at the average luminosity of 2 . 10{sup 32} cm{sup -2}s{sup -1} in PANDA. Moreover, for the reconstruction of the Cherenkov angle using the planned optics for the barrel DIRC a spatial resolution of about 5 mm at the focal plane is needed. Until recently the major drawback of MCP-PMTs was their limited lifetime which was by far not sufficient to stand the integrated anode charge, which is ∼ 5 C/cm{sup 2} for the Barrel-DIRC and even more for the Disc-DIRC. However, the latest MCP prototype devices show a hugh step forward in this respect. The results of these lifetime measurements are presented. The achieved values are meanwhile close to the PANDA requirements for the Barrel-DIRC.

Performance simulation of BaBar DIRC bar boxes in TORCH

Science.gov (United States)

Föhl, K.; Brook, N.; Castillo García, L.; Cussans, D.; Forty, R.; Frei, C.; Gao, R.; Gys, T.; Harnew, N.; Piedigrossi, D.; Rademacker, J.; Ros García, A.; van Dijk, M.

2017-12-01

TORCH is a large-area precision time-of-flight detector based on the DIRC principle. The DIRC bar boxes of the BaBar experiment at SLAC could possibly be reused to form a part of the TORCH detector time-of-flight wall area, proposed to provide positive particle identification of low momentum kaons in the LHCb experiment at CERN. For a potential integration of BaBar bar boxes into TORCH, new imaging readout optics are required. From the several designs of readout optics that have been considered, two are used in this paper to study the effect of BaBar bar optical imperfections on the detector reconstruction performance. The kaon-pion separation powers obtained from analysing simulated photon hit patterns show the performance reduction for a BaBar bar of non-square geometry compared to a perfectly rectangular cross section.

submitter Performance simulation of BaBar DIRC bar boxes in TORCH

CERN Document Server

Föhl, K; Castillo García, L; Cussans, D; Forty, R; Frei, C; Gao, R; Gys, T; Harnew, N; Piedigrossi, D; Rademacker, J; Ros García, A; van Dijk, M

2017-01-01

TORCH is a large-area precision time-of-flight detector based on the DIRC principle. The DIRC bar boxes of the BaBar experiment at SLAC could possibly be reused to form a part of the TORCH detector time-of-flight wall area, proposed to provide positive particle identification of low momentum kaons in the LHCb experiment at CERN. For a potential integration of BaBar bar boxes into TORCH, new imaging readout optics are required. From the several designs of readout optics that have been considered, two are used in this paper to study the effect of BaBar bar optical imperfections on the detector reconstruction performance. The kaon-pion separation powers obtained from analysing simulated photon hit patterns show the performance reduction for a BaBar bar of non-square geometry compared to a perfectly rectangular cross section.

Developments towards the technical design and prototype evaluation of the anti PANDA Endcap Disc DIRC

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Etzelmueller, Erik

2017-04-15

The envisaged physics program of the PANDA (antiProton ANnihilation at Darmstadt) experiment at the future Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) requires excellent particle identification over the full solid angle. The Endcap Disc DIRC (EDD) will cover forward polar angles between 5 and 22 and is one of three dedicated subdetectors for the identification of charged hadrons and the separation of pions and kaons in particular. DIRC stands for Detection of Internally Reflected Cherenkov light and implies that the emitted Cherenkov photons are trapped inside the radiator by total internal reflection. The central part of each DIRC detector is its optical system which is responsible for a low-loss and angle-preserving transport of the Cherenkov photons. The work at hand experimentally addresses several objectives in connection with the optical components and the system as a whole. Radiator prototypes were evaluated with high precision and adapted specifications were identified based on the results. The imaging performance of the Focusing Elements (FELs) was verified and different options regarding the coupling of the individual components were evaluated. In addition a radiation hardness study of a new fused silica material provided an insight into the long term behavior of induced defects and confirmed the material to be suitable for high energy physics experiments. A conceptual design for the mechanical integration was developed featuring a rigid optical system which is mounted into a cross-like structure. In this context the spatial constrains for the holding structure and the FELs were identified and an assembly procedure was developed. The existing prototype was revised and newly developed concepts were integrated and tested. Furthermore a data analysis of an earlier prototype test at a mixed hadron beam at CERN was carried out. It was the first evaluation of an EDD prototype which consisted of optical components made of fused silica only and had highly

The DIRC counter: A new type of particle identification device for B factories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Coyle, P.; Lu, A.

1992-07-01

A very thin, solid radiator, totally internally reflecting, imaging Cherenkov counter (DIRC) is described. this device is well matched to the hadronic charged particle identification requirements at an asymmetric e + e - B Factory

The DIRC counter: A new type of particle identification device for B factories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ratcliff, B.

1993-01-01

A very thin, solid radiator, totally internally reflecting, imaging Cherenkov counter (DIRC) is described. This device is well matched to the hadronic charged particle identification requirements at an asymmetric e + e - B Factory

Dirc van Delfts Tafel van den Kersten Ghelove en de stervensliteratuur

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Robbe, Joost Roger

2015-01-01

treatise, Dirc van Delft presents a veritable ars moriendi which provides practical guidance for the dying and those attending them. The treatise culminates in a vivid drama in which the soul, being subject to three temptations of the devil, can benefit from the protection of its guardian angel as well...

Water resistant rhodium plated reflectors for use in the DIRC BaBar Cherenkov detector

CERN Document Server

Benkebil, M; Plaszczynski, S; Schune, M H; Wormser, G

2000-01-01

Early simulation studies showed that reflectors mounted on the photomultipliers would be useful for the DIRC BaBar Cherenkov detector, showing a gain between 20% and 30% in the number of Cherenkov photons. The proof of principle for these reflectors has been obtained during the beam test of a large-scale prototype of the DIRC detector. An extensive R and D has been conducted in order to test different metallization procedures. Indeed, the challenge was to find a metallization technique which can resist the pure de-ionized water (>15 M OMEGA) up to 10 yr. The chosen technology was rhodium plated reflectors. During the first BaBar cosmic run, the measured performance confirmed the results of the simulation, the prototype-II and the R and D.

500 picosecond TDC for DIRC at BABAR

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lebbolo, H.; Bailly, P.; Chauveau, J.

1997-01-01

A 16 channel TDC chip has been developed at LPNHE Paris, to equip the Front-End electronics of the Detector of Internally Reflected Cerenkov light (DIRC) of the BABAR experiment at the SLAC B factory (Stanford, USA). Binning is 500 picosecond, conversion time is 32 ns, with a fall range of 32 μs. The chip integrates channel buffering and selective readout of data falling within a programmable window defined by the level one trigger latency and resolution. The selective readout allows to manage random inputs at a maximum average rate of 100 kHz on each channel and makes data available at any time a trigger occurs. The maximum average rate of L1 accept trigger will be 2 kHz. The chip, housed in a 68 pin PLCC package, is designed in 0.7 μm CMOS technology and manufactured by ATMEL ES2. The TDC section and channel FIFOs are full custom designs. The TDC uses 16 independent voltage controlled digital delay lines and a 17th calibration channel which allows to tune the delays on the 59.5 MHZ reference clock. The selective readout algorithm has been synthesized from Verilog description and uses ATMEL ES2 standard cells. Die size is 36 mm2 and power less than 100 mW with all inputs fired at 100 kHZ. Prototypes test results show performances better than the specifications for the chip to be used on the DIRC detector. The ten production prototypes have been delivered mid May 1997

Frontend electronics for high-precision single photo-electron timing using FPGA-TDCs

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cardinali, Matteo [Helmholtz Institut Mainz (Germany); Collaboration: PANDA Cherenkov-Collaboration

2014-07-01

The next generation of high-luminosity experiments requires excellent Particle Identification (PID) detectors which calls for Imaging Cherenkov counters with fast electronics to cope with the expected data rates. The planned PANDA experiment at FAIR expects average interaction rates of 20 MHz. A Barrel DIRC will provide PID in the central region of the Target Spectrometer. A single photo-electron timing resolution of better than 100 ps is projected for the Barrel DIRC to disentangle the complicated patterns created by the focusing optics on the image plane. The typically large amount of readout channels (approx 15,000 in case of the PANDA Barrel DIRC) places non-negligible limits on size and power consumption of the Front-End Electronics (FEE). The proposed design is based on the TRBv3 readout using FPGA-TDCs with a precision better than 20 ps RMS and custom FEE with high-bandwidth pre-amplifiers and fast discriminators. Two types of FEE cards optimised for reading out 64-channel Photonis Planacon MCP-PMTs were tested: one based on the NINO ASIC developed for the ALICE RPC readout and the other, called PaDiWa, using FPGA-based discriminators. Both types of FEE cards were tested with a small DIRC prototype comprising a radiator bar with focusing lens and an oil-filled expansion volume instrumented with 6 Planacon 64-channel MCP-PMTs. In the presentation the result of a test experiment performed at MAMI B, Mainz, are addressed.

The DIRC, the particle identification detector of BaBar

CERN Document Server

Yéche, C

1999-01-01

A novel particle identification detector (PID) has been developed for the BABAR experiment which will operate at the PEP-II B factory at SLAC. The principles of this new concept of PID called the DIRC, based on ring imaging $9 Cherenkov techniques, are briefly described. The results obtained with a large scale prototype and pion, kaon and proton beams at CERN are presented. The performances of this prototype are compared to the Monte-Carlo simulations and $9 the BABAR requirements. (4 refs).

Barrels XXIX: Barrels go Hollywood.

Science.gov (United States)

Evans, Mathew H; Brumberg, Joshua C

2017-03-01

Barrels XXIX brought together researchers focusing on the rodent barrel cortex and associated systems. The meeting revolved around three themes: thalamocortical interactions in motor control, touch in rodent, monkey, and humans, and the nature of the multisensory computations the brain makes. Over two days these topics were covered as well as many more presentations that focused on the physiology, behavior, and development of the rodent whisker-to-barrel cortex system.

In-beam test of a DIRC Cherenkov radiator with SiPM

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kroeck, B.; Hayrapetyan, A.; Foehl, K.; Merle, O.; Dueren, M.; Roy, B.J.; Peters, K.

2009-01-01

One of the crucial points for any high energy physics experiment is to obtain a good pion/kaon separation i.e. particle identification (PID). For particles in minimum ionising range, the conventional methods of PID using energy loss and time of flight become insufficient. In such a situation, the measurement of velocity of particles using Cherenkov radiation is an effective tool for PID in combination with momentum information from a tracking detector. The PANDA experiment at FAIR/ GSI plans to use a novel technique for PID with detection of internally reflected Cherenkov (DIRC) light. DIRC uses, in contrast to the conventional gas Cherenkov detectors, a solid radiator and total internal reflection to guide Cherenkov photons onto a detection plane where it will be detected by advanced photon counters. A SiPM is a very new generation photon counter that has several advantages over conventional PMTs. Several prototype Cherenkov detectors with different readout systems are being developed for R and D studies. One such prototype detector with Geiger-APD readout has been built at Giessen and was tested in-beam at GSI. The present report provides details of the very first test measurement

SGSreco. A method for accurate and reliable determination of the radioactive inventory in radioactive waste barrels; SGSreco. Eine Methode zur genauen und verlaesslichen Bestimmung des Aktivitaetsinventares in radioaktiven Abfallfaessern

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Krings, Thomas; Mauerhofer, Eric [Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH (Germany). Inst. fuer Energie und Klimaforschung (IEK), Nukleare Entsorgung und Reaktorsicherheit (IEK-6)

2013-07-01

The computer code SGSreco is used for the evaluation of counting rate distributions from SGS (segmented gamma scan) measurements on radioactive waste barrels. The code is based on data fitting to a physical model function; the results include position parameters, point source activities and the activity of a homogeneous activity distribution. A simulation study has shown that the point source activity can be determined with 2% accuracy. Conventional methods are based on the assumption of a homogeneous activity distribution which is wrong for about 75% of the radioactive waste barrels, the determined nuclide specific activities have significant error rates. The use of SGSreco improves the accuracy and reliability of activity determinations and reduces the conservatism of activity estimations. The latter one allows an optimal utilization of the repository capacity with respect to the maximum activities at the end of the operational phase of the repository Konrad.

Deciphering the assembly of multi-segment genome complexes in influenza A virus

OpenAIRE

Prisner, Simon

2017-01-01

Influenza A besitzt ein segmentiertes, achtsträngiges Genom in negativer Orientierung. Die einzelnen Segmente sind in virale Ribonukleoproteinkomplexe (vRNPs) verpackt. Genomische Segmentierung erlaubt es Influenza, zwischen verschiedenen Stämmen Reassortierung zu betreiben, was zur Entstehung von hochgradig virulenten und potentiell pandemischen neuen Stämmen führen kann. Die Existenz eines Packungsmechanismus wird vermutet, der sicherstellt dass exakt ein Segment jeden Typs in neu knospe...

Testbeam results of the PANDA endcap disc dirc

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Etzelmueller, Erik; Biguenko, Klim; Dueren, Michael; Hayrapetyan, Avetik; Rieke, Julian; Schmidt, Mustafa [II. Physikalisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universitaet, Giessen (Germany); Collaboration: PANDA-Collaboration

2016-07-01

The physics program of the PANDA detector at the future FAIR facility at GSI requires excellent particle identification. For the PANDA forward endcap region a novel detector type called ''Disc DIRC'' has been designed. It covers the angular range between 5 and 22 degrees and uses internally reflected Cherenkov light in order to separate pions, kaons and protons up to a momentum of 4 GeV/c. A new prototype was tested at the PS East Area at CERN in May 2015. For the first time all optical components consisted of fused silica and different MCP-PMT sensors were used for the photon detection. A summary of the analysis will be presented along with results from in-house tests for the individual components.

Frontend electronics for high-precision single photo-electron timing using FPGA-TDCs

Science.gov (United States)

Cardinali, M.; Dzyhgadlo, R.; Gerhardt, A.; Götzen, K.; Hohler, R.; Kalicy, G.; Kumawat, H.; Lehmann, D.; Lewandowski, B.; Patsyuk, M.; Peters, K.; Schepers, G.; Schmitt, L.; Schwarz, C.; Schwiening, J.; Traxler, M.; Ugur, C.; Zühlsdorf, M.; Dodokhov, V. Kh.; Britting, A.; Eyrich, W.; Lehmann, A.; Uhlig, F.; Düren, M.; Föhl, K.; Hayrapetyan, A.; Kröck, B.; Merle, O.; Rieke, J.; Cowie, E.; Keri, T.; Montgomery, R.; Rosner, G.; Achenbach, P.; Corell, O.; Ferretti Bondy, M. I.; Hoek, M.; Lauth, W.; Rosner, C.; Sfienti, C.; Thiel, M.; Bühler, P.; Gruber, L.; Marton, J.; Suzuki, K.

2014-12-01

The next generation of high-luminosity experiments requires excellent particle identification detectors which calls for Imaging Cherenkov counters with fast electronics to cope with the expected hit rates. A Barrel DIRC will be used in the central region of the Target Spectrometer of the planned PANDA experiment at FAIR. A single photo-electron timing resolution of better than 100 ps is required by the Barrel DIRC to disentangle the complicated patterns created on the image plane. R&D studies have been performed to provide a design based on the TRB3 readout using FPGA-TDCs with a precision better than 20 ps RMS and custom frontend electronics with high-bandwidth pre-amplifiers and fast discriminators. The discriminators also provide time-over-threshold information thus enabling walk corrections to improve the timing resolution. Two types of frontend electronics cards optimised for reading out 64-channel PHOTONIS Planacon MCP-PMTs were tested: one based on the NINO ASIC and the other, called PADIWA, on FPGA discriminators. Promising results were obtained in a full characterisation using a fast laser setup and in a test experiment at MAMI, Mainz, with a small scale DIRC prototype.

Particle identification algorithms for the PANDA Endcap Disc DIRC

Science.gov (United States)

Schmidt, M.; Ali, A.; Belias, A.; Dzhygadlo, R.; Gerhardt, A.; Götzen, K.; Kalicy, G.; Krebs, M.; Lehmann, D.; Nerling, F.; Patsyuk, M.; Peters, K.; Schepers, G.; Schmitt, L.; Schwarz, C.; Schwiening, J.; Traxler, M.; Böhm, M.; Eyrich, W.; Lehmann, A.; Pfaffinger, M.; Uhlig, F.; Düren, M.; Etzelmüller, E.; Föhl, K.; Hayrapetyan, A.; Kreutzfeld, K.; Merle, O.; Rieke, J.; Wasem, T.; Achenbach, P.; Cardinali, M.; Hoek, M.; Lauth, W.; Schlimme, S.; Sfienti, C.; Thiel, M.

2017-12-01

The Endcap Disc DIRC has been developed to provide an excellent particle identification for the future PANDA experiment by separating pions and kaons up to a momentum of 4 GeV/c with a separation power of 3 standard deviations in the polar angle region from 5o to 22o. This goal will be achieved using dedicated particle identification algorithms based on likelihood methods and will be applied in an offline analysis and online event filtering. This paper evaluates the resulting PID performance using Monte-Carlo simulations to study basic single track PID as well as the analysis of complex physics channels. The online reconstruction algorithm has been tested with a Virtex4 FGPA card and optimized regarding the resulting constraints.

Barrels XXX meeting report: Barrels in Baltimore.

Science.gov (United States)

Shin, Hyeyoung; Bitzidou, Malamati; Palaguachi, Fernando; Brumberg, Joshua C

2018-03-01

The Barrels meeting annually brings together researchers focused on the rodent whisker to cortical barrel system prior to the Society for Neuroscience meeting. The 2017 meeting focused on the classification of cortical interneurons, the role interneurons have in shaping brain dynamics, and finally on the circuitry underlying oral sensations. The meeting highlighted the latest advancements in this rapidly advancing field.

Akupunktur bei Sterilität und zum Schwangerschaftserhalt: Eine Übersicht mit Forschungsidee

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ots T

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Die Unterstützung der weiblichen Fertilität und der Schwangerschaft mittels Akupunktur hat während der vergangenen Dekade viele Anhänger gefunden. Dieser Artikel gibt eine Übersicht über die hierzu veröffentlichten wichtigsten Studien. Die Wirkung der Akupunktur wird als effektiv und effizient beschrieben. In einem zweiten Ansatz stellt der Autor eine vereinfachte Form der Akupunktur auf dem Boden der Segment-Anatomie vor. Dieser kuti-viszeralen, segmentalen Reizung der gynäkologischen Organe könnte innerhalb der gynäkologischen Praxis große Bedeutung zukommen, da sie leicht erlernbar (innerhalb eines Tages und einfach durchführbar ist. Die Zielvorstellung ist ein integratives Vorgehen in der Hand der Gynäkologen. Vorbereitend hierzu ist eine multizentrische randomisierte kontrollierte Studie notwendig, die diese beiden Ansätze innerhalb der Akupunktur als Komplement zum gynäkologischen Prozedere der IVF untersucht.

Hybride textuelle Strukturen und hybride textuelle Einheiten. Ein Beitrag zur Theorie der Wörterbuchform

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Herbert Ernst Wiegand

2011-10-01

Full Text Available

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG: In diesem Beitrag wird die Bildung, Darstellung und Leistung von hybriden textuellen Strukturen, die akzessive Einträge aufweisen, am Beispiel von Wörterbuchartikeln behandelt sowie erklärt, welche Eigenschaften hybride textuelle Einheiten haben. Ein Wörterbuchartikel eines Printwörterbuchs weist immer dann neben einer hierarchischen reinen eine hierarchische hybride Textkonstituentenstruktur auf, wenn in ihm mindestens ein funktionaler Angabezusatz auftritt, z.B. ein oben oder unten erweiternder oder ein binnenerweiternder. Da funktionale Angabezusätze Textsegmente mit Angabefunktion aber ohne Textkonstituentenstatus sind, werden sie durch nichtfunktionale Segmentation ermittelt, so dass neben funktionalen auch nichtfunktionale Textsegmente gegeben sind, die dann bei der Strukturbildung in die Trägermengen eingehen, so dass die Trägermengen aller hybriden hierarchischen Strukturen elementenheterogen, während die Trägermengen aller hierarchischen reinen Strukturen elementenhomogen sind. In den Strukturgraphen für hierarchische hybride Artikelstrukturen sind dann die Knoten für diejenigen Textsegmente, die den Hybridstatus der Strukturen bewirken, entweder durch Pfeilkanten für die textarchitektonischen oberhalb/unterhalb-Relationen mit den Knoten für die Textkonstituenten verbunden, so dass die Strukturgraphen architektonisch angereichert sind, oder durch besonders markierte Kanten, die die Knoten für die nichtfunktionalen Textsegmente und die für die binnenerweiternden funktionalen Angabezusätze mit den Knoten für die Textkonstituenten verbinden. Zu jedem Typ von hierarchischer reiner Artikelstruktur gehören mehrere Typen von hybriden Artikelstrukturen; entsprechendes gilt für hierarchische reine Angabestrukturen. Nur eine Auswahl aus den Typologien der hybriden Artikel- und Angabestrukturen wird behandelt sowie eine kleine Auswahl von hybriden textuellen Einheiten, die kriteriale Eigenschaften von zwei

Weapons barrel life cycle determination

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nebojša Pene Hristov

2013-10-01

Full Text Available This article describes the dynamic processes within the gun barrel during the firing process in exploitation. It generally defines the basic principles of constructing tube elements, and shows the distortion of the basic geometry of the tube interior due to wear as well as the impact it causes during exploitation. The article also defines basic empirical models as well as a model based on fracture mechanics for the calculation of a use-life of the barrel, and other elements essential for the safe use of the barrel as the basic weapon element. Erosion causes are analysed in order to control and reduce wear and prolong the lifetime of the gun barrel. It gives directions for the reparation of barrels with wasted resources. In conclusion, the most influential elements of tube wear are given as well as possible modifications of existing systems, primarily propellant charges, with a purpose of prolonging lifetime of gun barrels. The guidelines for a proper determination of the lifetime based on the barrel condition assessment are given as well. INTRODUCTION The barrel as the basic element of each weapon is described as well as the processes occurring during the firing that have impulsive character and are accompanied by large amounts of energy. The basic elements of barrel and itheir constructive characteristics are descibed. The relation between Internal ballistics, ie calculation of the propellant gas pressure in the firing process, and structural elements defined by the barrel material resistance is shown. In general, this part of the study explains the methodology of the gun barrel structural elements calculation, ie. barrel geometry, taking into account the degrees of safety in accordance with Military Standards.   TUBE WEAR AND DEFORMATIONS The weapon barrel gradually wears out during exploitation due to which it no longer satisfies the set requirements. It is considered that the barrel has experienced a lifetime when it fails to fulfill the

SCT Barrel Assembly Complete

CERN Multimedia

L. Batchelor

As reported in the April 2005 issue of the ATLAS eNews, the first of the four Semiconductor Tracker (SCT) barrels, complete with modules and services, arrived safely at CERN in January of 2005. In the months since January, the other three completed barrels arrived as well, and integration of the four barrels into the entire barrel assembly commenced at CERN, in the SR1 building on the ATLAS experimental site, in July. Assembly was completed on schedule in September, with the addition of the innermost layer to the 4-barrel assembly. Work is now underway to seal the barrel thermal enclosure. This is necessary in order to enclose the silicon tracker in a nitrogen atmosphere and provide it with faraday-cage protection, and is a delicate and complicated task: 352 silicon module powertapes, 352 readout-fibre bundles, and over 400 Detector Control System sensors must be carefully sealed into the thermal enclosure bulkhead. The team is currently verifying the integrity of the low mass cooling system, which must be d...

Gamma ray scanner systems for nondestructive assay of heterogeneous waste barrels

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Martz, H.E.; Decman, B.J.; Roberson, G.P.; Levai, F.

1997-01-01

Traditional gamma safeguards measurements have usually been performed using a segmented gamma scanning (SGS) system. The accuracy of this technique relies on the assumption that the sample matrix and the activity are both uniform for a segment. Waste barrels are often highly heterogeneous, span a wide range of composition and matrix type. The primary sources of error are all directly or indirectly related to a non-uniform measurement response associated with unknown radioactive source spatial distribution and heterogeneity of the matrix. These errors can be significantly reduced by some imaging techniques that measure exact spatial locations of sources and attenuation maps. In this paper we describe a joint R ampersand D effort between the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) and the Institute of Nuclear Techniques (INT) of the Technical University, Budapest, to compare results obtained by two different gamma-ray nondestructive assay (NDA) systems used for imaging waste barrels. The basic principles are the same, but the approaches are different. Key factors to judge the adequacy of a method are the detection limit and the accuracy. Test drums representing waste to be measured are used to determine basic parameters of these techniques

Simulation studies for the PANDA endcap disc DIRC

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schmidt, Mustafa; Biguenko, Klim; Dueren, Michael; Hayrapetyan, Avetik; Kroeck, Benno; Merle, Oliver; Rieke, Julian [II. Physikalisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universitaet, Giessen (Germany); Foehl, Klaus [CERN, Genf (Switzerland); Collaboration: PANDA-Collaboration

2015-07-01

The physics program of the PANDA detector at the future FAIR facility at GSI requires excellent particle identification. For the Panda forward endcap region a novel detector type called ''Disc DIRC'' has been designed. It covers the angular range between 5 and 22 degrees and uses internally reflected Cherenkov light in order to separate pions, kaons and protons up to a momentum of 4 GeV/c. During the design phase, extensive detector simulations have been performed to optimize and evaluate the design. The simulations were done using Geant4 and the PandaRoot framework in addition with a dedicated reconstruction software. An important aspect was the optimization of the imaging while taking the geometrical tolerances of the manufacturing process of the final detector into account. The main focus lies on the optimization process of the cylindrical and polynomial focussing optics at the edges of the detector plate, which has been performed with the merit function of a raytracer called PyOptics, written by one of the group members.

Genome-wide analysis suggests high level of microsynteny and purifying selection affect the evolution of EIN3/EIL family in Rosaceae.

Science.gov (United States)

Cao, Yunpeng; Han, Yahui; Meng, Dandan; Li, Dahui; Jin, Qing; Lin, Yi; Cai, Yongping

2017-01-01

The ethylene-insensitive3/ethylene-insensitive3-like ( EIN3/EIL ) proteins are a type of nuclear-localized protein with DNA-binding activity in plants. Although the EIN3/EIL gene family has been studied in several plant species, little is known about comprehensive study of the EIN3/EIL gene family in Rosaceae. In this study, ten, five, four, and five EIN3/EIL genes were identified in the genomes of pear ( Pyrus bretschneideri ), mei ( Prunus mume ), peach ( Prunus persica ) and strawberry ( Fragaria vesca ), respectively. Twenty-eight chromosomal segments of EIL/EIN3 gene family were found in four Rosaceae species, and these segments could form seven orthologous or paralogous groups based on interspecies or intraspecies gene colinearity (microsynteny) analysis. Moreover, the highly conserved regions of microsynteny were found in four Rosaceae species. Subsequently it was found that both whole genome duplication and tandem duplication events significantly contributed to the EIL/EIN3 gene family expansion. Gene expression analysis of the EIL/EIN3 genes in the pear revealed subfunctionalization for several PbEIL genes derived from whole genome duplication. It is noteworthy that according to environmental selection pressure analysis, the strong purifying selection should dominate the maintenance of the EIL/EIN3 gene family in four Rosaceae species. These results provided useful information on Rosaceae EIL/EIN3 genes, as well as insights into the evolution of this gene family in four Rosaceae species. Furthermore, high level of microsynteny in the four Rosaceae plants suggested that a large-scale genome duplication event in the EIL/EIN3 gene family was predated to speciation.

Genome-wide analysis suggests high level of microsynteny and purifying selection affect the evolution of EIN3/EIL family in Rosaceae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yunpeng Cao

2017-05-01

Full Text Available The ethylene-insensitive3/ethylene-insensitive3-like (EIN3/EIL proteins are a type of nuclear-localized protein with DNA-binding activity in plants. Although the EIN3/EIL gene family has been studied in several plant species, little is known about comprehensive study of the EIN3/EIL gene family in Rosaceae. In this study, ten, five, four, and five EIN3/EIL genes were identified in the genomes of pear (Pyrus bretschneideri, mei (Prunus mume, peach (Prunus persica and strawberry (Fragaria vesca, respectively. Twenty-eight chromosomal segments of EIL/EIN3 gene family were found in four Rosaceae species, and these segments could form seven orthologous or paralogous groups based on interspecies or intraspecies gene colinearity (microsynteny analysis. Moreover, the highly conserved regions of microsynteny were found in four Rosaceae species. Subsequently it was found that both whole genome duplication and tandem duplication events significantly contributed to the EIL/EIN3 gene family expansion. Gene expression analysis of the EIL/EIN3 genes in the pear revealed subfunctionalization for several PbEIL genes derived from whole genome duplication. It is noteworthy that according to environmental selection pressure analysis, the strong purifying selection should dominate the maintenance of the EIL/EIN3 gene family in four Rosaceae species. These results provided useful information on Rosaceae EIL/EIN3 genes, as well as insights into the evolution of this gene family in four Rosaceae species. Furthermore, high level of microsynteny in the four Rosaceae plants suggested that a large-scale genome duplication event in the EIL/EIN3 gene family was predated to speciation.

TRT Barrel milestones passed

CERN Multimedia

Ogren, H

2004-01-01

The barrel TRT detector passed three significant milestones this spring. The Barrel Support Structure (BSS) was completed and moved to the SR-1 building on February 24th. On March 12th the first module passed the quality assurance testing in Building 154 and was transported to the assembly site in the SR-1 building for barrel assembly. Then on April 21st the final production module that had been scanned at Hampton University was shipped to CERN. TRT Barrel Module Production The production of the full complement of barrel modules (96 plus 9 total spares) is now complete. This has been a five-year effort by Duke University, Hampton University, and Indiana University. Actual construction of the modules in the United States was completed in the first part of 2004. The production crews at each of the sites in the United States have now completed their missions. They are shown in the following pictures. Duke University: Production crew with the final completed module. Indiana University: Module producti...

A crystal barrel

CERN Multimedia

2007-01-01

The production of crystals for the barrel of the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter has been completed. This is an important milestone for the experiment, which received the last of its 62,960 crystals on 9 March. The members of the team responsible for the crystal acceptance testing at CERN display the last crystal for the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter barrel. From left to right: Igor Tarasov, Etiennette Auffray and Hervé Cornet.One of the six machines specially developed to measure 67 different parameters on each crystal. Igor Tarasov is seen inserting the last batch of crystals into the machine. The last of the 62,960 CMS barrel crystals arrived at CERN on 9 March. Once removed from its polystyrene protection, this delicate crystal, like thousands of its predecessors, will be inserted into the last of the 36 supermodules of the barrel electromagnetic calorimeter in a few days' time. This marks the end of an important chapter in an almost 15-year-long journey by the CMS crystals team, some of whose member...

Work on a ATLAS tile calorimeter Barrel

CERN Multimedia

Laurent Guiraud

2000-01-01

The Tile Calorimeter is designed as one barrel and two extended barrel hadron parts. The calorimeter consists of a cylindrical structure with inner and outer radius of 2280 and 4230 mm respectively. The barrel part is 5640 mm in length along the beam axis, while each of the extended barrel cylinders is 2910 mm long. Each detector cylinder is built of 64 independent wedges along the azimuthal direction. Between the barrel and the extended barrels there is a gap of about 600 mm, which is needed for the Inner Detector and the Liquid Argon cables, electronics and services. The barrel covers the region -1.0barrels cover the region 0.8<|h|<1.7.

Frontend electronics for high-precision single photo-electron timing using FPGA-TDCs

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cardinali, M., E-mail: cardinal@kph.uni-mainz.de [Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz (Germany); Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Mainz (Germany); Dzyhgadlo, R.; Gerhardt, A.; Götzen, K.; Hohler, R.; Kalicy, G.; Kumawat, H.; Lehmann, D.; Lewandowski, B.; Patsyuk, M.; Peters, K.; Schepers, G.; Schmitt, L.; Schwarz, C.; Schwiening, J.; Traxler, M.; Ugur, C.; Zühlsdorf, M. [GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt (Germany); Dodokhov, V.Kh. [Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna (Russian Federation); Britting, A. [Friedrich Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen (Germany); and others

2014-12-01

The next generation of high-luminosity experiments requires excellent particle identification detectors which calls for Imaging Cherenkov counters with fast electronics to cope with the expected hit rates. A Barrel DIRC will be used in the central region of the Target Spectrometer of the planned PANDA experiment at FAIR. A single photo-electron timing resolution of better than 100 ps is required by the Barrel DIRC to disentangle the complicated patterns created on the image plane. R and D studies have been performed to provide a design based on the TRB3 readout using FPGA-TDCs with a precision better than 20 ps RMS and custom frontend electronics with high-bandwidth pre-amplifiers and fast discriminators. The discriminators also provide time-over-threshold information thus enabling walk corrections to improve the timing resolution. Two types of frontend electronics cards optimised for reading out 64-channel PHOTONIS Planacon MCP-PMTs were tested: one based on the NINO ASIC and the other, called PADIWA, on FPGA discriminators. Promising results were obtained in a full characterisation using a fast laser setup and in a test experiment at MAMI, Mainz, with a small scale DIRC prototype. - Highlights: • Frontend electronics for Cherenkov detectors have been developed. • FPGA-TDCs have been used for high precision timing. • Time over threshold has been utilised for walk correction. • Single photo-electron timing resolution less than 100 ps has been achieved.

Functional testing of the ATLAS SCT barrels

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Phillips, Peter W.

2007-01-01

The ATLAS SCT (semiconductor tracker) comprises 2112 barrel modules mounted on four concentric barrels of length 1.6m and up to 1m diameter, and 1976 endcap modules supported by a series of nine wheels at each end of the barrel region, giving a total silicon area of 60m 2 . The assembly of modules onto each of the four barrel structures has recently been completed. In addition to functional tests made during the assembly process, each completed barrel was operated in its entirety. In the case of the largest barrel, with an active silicon area of approximately 10m 2 , this corresponds to more than one million instrumented channels. This paper documents the electrical performance of the four individual SCT barrels. An overview of the readout chain is also given

Buckling Testing and Analysis of Honeycomb Sandwich Panel Arc Segments of a Full-Scale Fairing Barrel: Comparison of In- and Out-of-Autoclave Facesheet Configurations

Science.gov (United States)

Pineda, Evan Jorge; Myers, David E.; Kosareo, Daniel N.; Zalewski, Bart F.; Kellas, Sotiris; Dixon, Genevieve D.; Krivanek, Thomas M.; Gyekenyesi, Thomas G.

2014-01-01

Four honeycomb sandwich panels, representing 1/16th arc segments of a 10-m diameter barrel section of the Heavy Lift Launch Vehicle, were manufactured and tested under the NASA Composites for Exploration and the NASA Constellation Ares V programs. Two configurations were chosen for the panels: 6-ply facesheets with 1.125 in. honeycomb core and 8-ply facesheets with 1.0 in. honeycomb core. Additionally, two separate carbon fiber/epoxy material systems were chosen for the facesheets: in-autoclave IM7/977-3 and out-of-autoclave T40-800b/5320-1. Smaller 3 ft. by 5 ft. panels were cut from the 1/16th barrel sections and tested under compressive loading. Furthermore, linear eigenvalue and geometrically nonlinear finite element analyses were performed to predict the compressive response of each 3 ft. by 5 ft. panel. To improve the robustness of the geometrically nonlinear finite element model, measured surface imperfections were included in the geometry of the model. Both the linear and nonlinear models yielded good qualitative and quantitative predictions. Additionally, it was correctly predicted that the panel would fail in buckling prior to failing in strength. Furthermore, several imperfection studies were performed to investigate the influence of geometric imperfections, fiber angle misalignments, and three-dimensional effects on the compressive response of the panel.

Buckling Testing and Analysis of Honeycomb Sandwich Panel Arc Segments of a Full-Scale Fairing Barrel. Part 3; 8-ply Out-of-Autoclave Facesheets

Science.gov (United States)

Pineda, Evan J.; Myers, David E.; Kosareo, Daniel N.; Kellas, Sotiris

2014-01-01

Four honeycomb sandwich panels, representing 1/16th arc segments of a 10 m diameter barrel section of the heavy lift launch vehicle, were manufactured under the NASA Composites for Exploration program and the NASA Constellation Ares V program. Two configurations were chosen for the panels: 6-ply facesheets with 1.125 in. honeycomb core and 8-ply facesheets with 1.000 in. honeycomb core. Additionally, two separate carbon fiber/epoxy material systems were chosen for the facesheets: inautoclave IM7/977-3 and out-of-autoclave T40-800B/5320-1. Smaller 3- by 5-ft panels were cut from the 1/16th barrel sections. These panels were tested under compressive loading at the NASA Langley Research Center. Furthermore, linear eigenvalue and geometrically nonlinear finite element analyses were performed to predict the compressive response of the 3- by 5-ft panels. This manuscript summarizes the experimental and analytical modeling efforts pertaining to the panel composed of 8-ply, T40-800B/5320-1 facesheets (referred to as Panel C). To improve the robustness of the geometrically nonlinear finite element model, measured surface imperfections were included in the geometry of the model. Both the linear and nonlinear, two-dimensional (2-D) and three-dimensional (3-D), models yield good qualitative and quantitative predictions. Additionally, it was predicted correctly that the panel would fail in buckling prior to failing in strength.

Nietzsche ein Immanentist?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andreas Urs Sommer

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Mein Artikel besteht aus drei Abschnitten: Der erste Teil beschäftigt sich mit Nietzsches Gebrauch des Begriffs der „Immanenz“; ich werde diesen Gebrauch nachzeichnen. Mein zweiter Punkt ist ein allgemeinerer: Ich möchte den Fokus auf die Frage legen, ob es für Nietzsche möglich ist, ein starkes Konzept von Immanenz zu vertreten, insbesondere wenn wir uns in Erinnerung rufen, dass Nietzsche eine deutliche Opposition zu allen Vorstellungen von Transzendenz formuliert. Soll hier irgendeine Art von Immanenz bewahrt werden? Der dritte Abschnitt beinhaltet eine eingehendere Untersuchung von zwei Passagen aus Jenseits von Gut und Böse (Abschnitte 2 und 6. Ich denke, dass sich in diesen Passagen wichtige Aspekte aufzeigen lassen, insbesondere mit Hinblick auf die Frage, ob Nietzsche irgendeine Art von Vorstellung oder ein Konzept der Immanenz vertritt.

First SCT Barrel arrives at CERN

CERN Multimedia

Apsimon, R

Mid-January saw the arrival at CERN of Barrel #3, the first of four SCT barrels. The barrels are formed as low-mass cylinders of carbon fibre skins on a honeycomb carbon core. They are manufactured in industry and then have all the final precision supports added and the final geometric metrology carried out at Geneva University. Barrel #3, complete with its 384 silicon detector modules, arrived by road from Oxford University in England where the modules were mounted using a purpose-built robot. The modules had been selected from the output of all four barrel module building clusters (in Japan, Scandinavia, USA and the UK). Since Barrel #3 will be exposed to high radiation levels within the tracker volume, these modules, representing over half a million readout channels, have been extensively tested at their operational temperature of around -25 degrees Celcius and at voltages of up to 500V. The dangers of shipping such a fragile component of ATLAS were apparent to all and considerable attention was focused...

The study of CP violation in the B{sup 0} {yields} D{sup +}D{sup -} by means of the BABAR detector. Measurement of the performances of DIRC Cherenkov detector of BABAR: Prototype-II and final detector; L'etude de la violation de CP dans le canal B{sup 0} {yields} D{sup +}D{sup -} a l'aide du detecteur BABAR. La mesure des performances du detecteur Cerenkov DIRC de BABAR: Prototype -II et detecteur final

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Benkebil, Mehdi [Lab. de l' Accelerateur Lineaire, Paris-11 Univ., 91 - Orsay (France)

1999-04-16

The work presented in this thesis is divided into two parts: the physics analysis of the decay mode B{sup 0} {yields} D{sup +}D{sup -} and the performance obtained with a new type of a particle identification detector using the Cherenkov effect technique: the DIRC. The analysis of this decay mode has been performed with data generated from fast simulation and a preliminary version of the reconstruction program. The branching ratio of this channel is predicted to be 4.5 x 10{sup -4}. The uncertainty in the sin 2 {beta} measurement obtained with this mode is: {sigma}(sin 2{beta})0.19 and 0.32 for fast simulation and preliminary version of the reconstruction program, respectively. The comparison of this result with the one obtained in the B{sup 0} {yields} J/{psi}K{sub s}{sup 0} mode will bring very useful theoretical insights. The performance study of the DIRC has been done on the prototype-II and the final detector. The beam-test results in terms resolution on the {theta}{sub c} angle and number of Cherenkov photons are the following: {sigma}({theta}{sub c}) = 10.2 {+-} 0.1 mrad per photon, {sigma}({theta}{sub c}) = 3.2 {+-} 0.2 mrad per track and N{sub {gamma}} 15.7 {+-} 0.1 at {theta}{sub dip} = 20 angle and 0 transmission in the bar. The analysis of the first cosmic data collected by the BABAR detector has allowed to study the DIRC in its final configuration. Among all the results obtained, we give the following ones: {sigma}({theta}{sub c}) = 10.09 {+-} 0.06 mrad per photon, {sigma}({theta}{sub c}) = 4.71 {+-} 0.14 mrad per track and N{sub {gamma}} 35.2 {+-} 3.8 at {theta}{sub dip} = 20 angle and 0 transmission in the bar. The extrapolation to the real condition of BABAR for all these results shows that the DIRC will run with performances similar to the nominal values. A detailed study of the background shows that, even though it will not be negligible, it will not compromise the DIRC performances in BABAR.

CMS Barrel Pixel Detector Overview

CERN Document Server

Kästli, H C; Erdmann, W; Gabathuler, K; Hörmann, C; Horisberger, Roland Paul; König, S; Kotlinski, D; Meier, B; Robmann, P; Rohe, T; Streuli, S

2007-01-01

The pixel detector is the innermost tracking device of the CMS experiment at the LHC. It is built from two independent sub devices, the pixel barrel and the end disks. The barrel consists of three concentric layers around the beam pipe with mean radii of 4.4, 7.3 and 10.2 cm. There are two end disks on each side of the interaction point at 34.5 cm and 46.5 cm. This article gives an overview of the pixel barrel detector, its mechanical support structure, electronics components, services and its expected performance.

The TileCal Barrel Test Assembly

CERN Multimedia

Leitner, R

On 30th October, the mechanics test assembly of the central barrel of the ATLAS tile hadronic calorimeter was completed in building 185. It started on 23rd June and is the second wheel for the Tilecal completely assembled this year. The ATLAS engineers and technicians are quick: instead of the 27 weeks initially foreseen for assembling the central barrel of the tile hadronic calorimeter (Tilecal) in building 185, they inserted the last of the 64 modules on 30th October after only 19 weeks. In part, this was due to the experience gained in the dry run assembly of the first extended barrel, produced in Spain, in spring this year (see Bulletin 23/2003); however, the central barrel is twice as long - and twice as heavy. With a length of 6.4 metres, an outer diameter of 8.5 metres and an inner diameter of 4.5 metres, the object weight is 1300 tonnes. The whole barrel cylinder is supported by the stainless steel support structure weighing only 27 tons. The barrel also has to have the right shape: over the whole 8...

Core barrel inner tube lifter

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jeffers, J P

1968-07-16

A core drill with means for selectively lifting a core barrel inner tube consists of a lifting means connected to the core barrel inner tube assembly. It has a closable passage to permit drilling fluid normally to pass through it. The lifting means has a normally downward facing surface and a means to direct drilling fluid pressure against that surface so that on closure of the passage to fluid flow, the pressure of the drilling fluid is caused to act selectively on it. This causes the lifting means to rise and lift the core barrel. (7 claims)

The study of CP violation in the B{sup 0} {yields} D{sup +}D{sup -} by means of the BABAR detector. Measurement of the performances of DIRC Cherenkov detector of BABAR: Prototype-II and final detector; L'etude de la violation de CP dans le canal B{sup 0} {yields} D{sup +}D{sup -} a l'aide du detecteur BABAR. La mesure des performances du detecteur Cerenkov DIRC de BABAR: Prototype -II et detecteur final

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Benkebil, Mehdi [Lab. de l' Accelerateur Lineaire, Paris-11 Univ., 91 - Orsay (France)

1999-04-16

The work presented in this thesis is divided into two parts: the physics analysis of the decay mode B{sup 0} {yields} D{sup +}D{sup -} and the performance obtained with a new type of a particle identification detector using the Cherenkov effect technique: the DIRC. The analysis of this decay mode has been performed with data generated from fast simulation and a preliminary version of the reconstruction program. The branching ratio of this channel is predicted to be 4.5 x 10{sup -4}. The uncertainty in the sin 2 {beta} measurement obtained with this mode is: {sigma}(sin 2{beta})0.19 and 0.32 for fast simulation and preliminary version of the reconstruction program, respectively. The comparison of this result with the one obtained in the B{sup 0} {yields} J/{psi}K{sub s}{sup 0} mode will bring very useful theoretical insights. The performance study of the DIRC has been done on the prototype-II and the final detector. The beam-test results in terms resolution on the {theta}{sub c} angle and number of Cherenkov photons are the following: {sigma}({theta}{sub c}) = 10.2 {+-} 0.1 mrad per photon, {sigma}({theta}{sub c}) = 3.2 {+-} 0.2 mrad per track and N{sub {gamma}} 15.7 {+-} 0.1 at {theta}{sub dip} = 20 angle and 0 transmission in the bar. The analysis of the first cosmic data collected by the BABAR detector has allowed to study the DIRC in its final configuration. Among all the results obtained, we give the following ones: {sigma}({theta}{sub c}) = 10.09 {+-} 0.06 mrad per photon, {sigma}({theta}{sub c}) = 4.71 {+-} 0.14 mrad per track and N{sub {gamma}} 35.2 {+-} 3.8 at {theta}{sub dip} = 20 angle and 0 transmission in the bar. The extrapolation to the real condition of BABAR for all these results shows that the DIRC will run with performances similar to the nominal values. A detailed study of the background shows that, even though it will not be negligible, it will not compromise the DIRC performances in BABAR.

Common barrel and forward CA tracking algorithm

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mykhailo, Pugach [Goethe-Universitaet, Frankfurt (Germany); Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Frankfurt (Germany); KINR, Kyiv (Ukraine); Gorbunov, Sergey; Kisel, Ivan [Goethe-Universitaet, Frankfurt (Germany); Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Frankfurt (Germany); Collaboration: PANDA-Collaboration

2016-07-01

There are complex detector setups which consist of barrel (cylindrical) and forward parts, and such systems require a special approach in the registered charged particles track finding procedure. Currently the tracking procedure might be performed in both parts of such detector independently from each other, but the final goal on this direction is a creation of a combined tracking, which will work in both parts of the detector simultaneously. The basic algorithm is based on Kalman Filter (KF) and Cellular Automata (CA). And the tracking procedure in such a complex system is rather extraordinary as far as it requires 2 different models to describe the state vector of segments of the reconstructed track in the mathematical apparatus of the KF-algorithm. To overcome this specifics a mathematical apparatus of transition matrices must be developed and implemented, so that one can transfer from one track model to another. Afterwards the work of the CA is performed, which reduces to segments sorting, their union into track-candidates and selection of the best candidates by the chi-square criteria after fitting of the track-candidate by the KF. In this report the algorithm, status and perspectives of such combined tracking are described.

Die drei Vorführungen eines geheimen Dokumentarfilms. Eine kritische Revision von Theresienstadt

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Natascha Drubek

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Dieser Artikel liefert auf der Grundlage einer gründlichen Lektüre von tschechischen, deutschen und französischen Quellen eine neue Perspektive auf das Filmmaterial, das im Ghetto von Theresienstadt gedreht wurde und unter den Titeln Ghetto Theresienstadt, Theresienstadt 1942 und Theresienstadt. Ein Dokumentarfilm aus dem jüdischen Siedlungsgebiet bzw. auch als Der Führer schenkt den Juden eine Stadt bekannt ist.  In einer Revision des allgemeinen Konsensus der letzten zwei Jahrzehnte argumentiert der Artikel, dass die verschiedenen Filmaufnahmen zwischen 1942 und 1945 ein zusammenhängendes Filmprojekt bilden. Die Autorin schlägt Korrekturen der filmographischen Daten vor, wie etwa die Einbindung des letzten „Jewish Elder“ des Ghettos, Benjamin Murmelstein, als Ko-Autor des Scripts. Eine Rekonstruktion des Datums, des Zeitpunkts und des Orts der ersten offiziellen Vorführung des Films für Delegierte des Komitees des Internationalen Roten Kreuzes wird durch eine komparative Untersuchung von verschiedenen Quellen und auf Textanalyse basierenden Ausschlussverfahren möglich. Bisherige Auffassungen des beabsichtigten Effekts und der Zielgruppe des Films revidierend, lenkt der Artikel die Aufmerksamkeit auf den Fakt, dass der Film vom Reichssicherheitshauptamt (RSHA 1942 initiiert und zum Kriegsende drei sorgfältig ausgewählten Gruppen vorgeführt wurde. Eine Untersuchung des Publikums der Premiere am 6. April 1945 lässt eine Neubewertung der Frage zu, ob der Film als Propagandafilm eingestuft werden kann oder eher als Strategem des deutschen Geheimdienstes.

ID Barrel installed in cryostat

CERN Multimedia

Apsimon, R.; Romaniouk, A.

Wednesday 23rd August was a memorable day for the Inner Detector community as they witnessed the transport and installation of the central part of the inner detector (ID-barrel) into the ATLAS detector. Many members of the collaboration gathered to witness this moment at Point 1. After years of design, construction and commissioning, the outer two detectors (TRT and SCT) of the ID barrel were moved from the SR1 cleanroom to the ATLAS cavern. The barrel was moved across the car park from building 2175 to SX1. Although only a journey of about 100 metres, this required weeks of planning and some degree of luck as far as the weather was concerned. Accelerometers were fitted to the barrel to provide real-time monitoring and no values greater than 0.1 g were recorded, fully satisfying the transport specification for this extremely precise and fragile detector. Muriel, despite her fear of heights, bravely volunteered to keep a close eye on the detector. Swapping cranes to cross the entire parking lot, while Mur...

Marketing : eine fallstudienbasierte Einführung

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Griese, K.M.; Bröring, S.

2011-01-01

Studenten sowie Praktiker erhalten eine praxisorientierte Einführung in die zentralen Grundlagen des Marketing. Ausgangspunkt jedes Kapitels ist eine Fallstudie, die eine konkrete praktische Rahmenbedingung eines Unternehmens vorstellt. Diese Situation wird in den Ausführungen dann mit den

Zeit ein Sachcomic

CERN Document Server

Callender, Craig

2016-01-01

Die Zeit ist ein großer Lehrmeister! Das Dumme ist nur, dass sie auf Dauer alle ihre Schüler tötet. (nach Hector Berlioz) „Solange mich niemand fragt, weiß ich, was Zeit ist“, hat der Heilige Augustus gesagt. Damit ist er fast modern, denn die Quantenphysiker behaupten sogar, „Zeit, das gibt es gar nicht!“ Je genauer man es wissen will, desto komplizierter wird das mit der Zeit: Ist die Zeit wirklich eine vierte Dimension, ähnlich wie ein Raum oder „fließt“ sie sozusagen nur dahin? Und wenn sie fließt, kann man dann sagen, wie schnell? Gibt es die Zukunft? Sind Zeitreisen möglich? Und warum scheint die Zeit sich nur in eine Richtung zu bewegen. Schwierige Probleme: aber hier, wie immer in dieser Reihe, seriös, leicht und locker erklärt.

Processing of Niobium-Lined M240 Machine Gun Barrels

Science.gov (United States)

2014-11-01

Fig. 5 Finished niobium-lined M240 machine gun barrel with flash suppressor attached ..........11 Fig. 6 End of barrel 1 showing small amount of...the finished barrel is shown in Fig. 5. 11 Fig. 5 Finished niobium-lined M240 machine gun barrel with flash suppressor attached Firing tests

Eine Zeit der Stille

OpenAIRE

Leibfried, Peter

2013-01-01

Rechtzeitig zu Weihnachten hat das IASB am 18. Dezember 2012 die Ergebnisse seines Agenda-Consultation-Projekts vorgestellt. Für aufmerksame Beobachter waren die Resultate kaum überraschend: Angestrebt werden unter anderem eine "period of calm to let the dust settle" anstatt neuer Regelungen, eine stärker prinzipienorientierte Ausrichtung auf das Rahmenkonzept und eine frühzeitigere Abstimmung mit den Betroffenen mit Blick auf Kosten-Nutzen-Überlegungen. Das 40-seitige Dokument ist die erste ...

Eine Homepage erstellen

OpenAIRE

Plieninger, Jürgen

2005-01-01

Wie man für eine kleine Bibliothek eine Homepage plant, konzipiert, gestaltet, erstellt, inhaltlich füllt, pflegt und evaluiert, wird hier in knappen Stichpunkten erläutert. This tutorial deals with how to plan, concept, create, fill with informations and services a homepage for a small library.

Barrelled locally convex spaces

CERN Document Server

Pérez Carreras, P

1987-01-01

This book is a systematic treatment of barrelled spaces, and of structures in which barrelledness conditions are significant. It is a fairly self-contained study of the structural theory of those spaces, concentrating on the basic phenomena in the theory, and presenting a variety of functional-analytic techniques.Beginning with some basic and important results in different branches of Analysis, the volume deals with Baire spaces, presents a variety of techniques, and gives the necessary definitions, exploring conditions on discs to ensure that they are absorbed by the barrels of the sp

Core barrel motion calibration factor calculation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shahrokhi, F.; Robinson, J.C.

1976-01-01

Neutron transport theory calculations were performed to obtain a calibration factor for inferring core-barrel motion from spectral density data using excore ionization chambers in PWRs. The analysis of core-barrel movement was based on the postulate that the movement is a cantilevered type, with the preferred direction x-x'

Sodium Dichromate Barrel Landfill expedited response action proposal

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1993-09-01

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology) recommended that the US Department of Energy (DOE) prepare an expedited response action (ERA) for the Sodium Dichromate Barrel Landfill. The Sodium Dichromate Barrel Disposal Site was used in 1945 for disposal of crushed barrels. The site location is the sole waste site within the 100-IU-4 Operable Unit. The Waste Information Data System (WIDS 1992) assumes that the crushed barrels contained 1% residual sodium dichromate at burial time and that only buried crushed barrels are at the site. Burial depth is shallow since visual inspection finds numerous barrel debris on the surface. A non-time-critical ERA proposal includes preparation of an engineering evaluation and cost analysis (EE/CA) section. The EE/CA is a rapid, focused evaluation of available technologies using specific screening factors to assess feasibility, appropriateness, and cost. The ERA goal is to reduce the potential for any contaminant migration from the landfill to the soil column, groundwater, and Columbia River. Since the landfill is the only waste site within the operable unit, the ERA will present a final remediation of the 100-IU-4 operable unit

Globally intertwined evolutionary history of giant barrel sponges

Science.gov (United States)

Swierts, Thomas; Peijnenburg, Katja T. C. A.; de Leeuw, Christiaan A.; Breeuwer, Johannes A. J.; Cleary, Daniel F. R.; de Voogd, Nicole J.

2017-09-01

Three species of giant barrel sponge are currently recognized in two distinct geographic regions, the tropical Atlantic and the Indo-Pacific. In this study, we used molecular techniques to study populations of giant barrel sponges across the globe and assessed whether the genetic structure of these populations agreed with current taxonomic consensus or, in contrast, whether there was evidence of cryptic species. Using molecular data, we assessed whether giant barrel sponges in each oceanic realm represented separate monophyletic lineages. Giant barrel sponges from 17 coral reef systems across the globe were sequenced for mitochondrial (partial CO1 and ATP6 genes) and nuclear (ATPsβ intron) DNA markers. In total, we obtained 395 combined sequences of the mitochondrial CO1 and ATP6 markers, which resulted in 17 different haplotypes. We compared a phylogenetic tree constructed from 285 alleles of the nuclear intron ATPsβ to the 17 mitochondrial haplotypes. Congruent patterns between mitochondrial and nuclear gene trees of giant barrel sponges provided evidence for the existence of multiple reproductively isolated species, particularly where they occurred in sympatry. The species complexes in the tropical Atlantic and the Indo-Pacific, however, do not form separate monophyletic lineages. This rules out the scenario that one species of giant barrel sponge developed into separate species complexes following geographic separation and instead suggests that multiple species of giant barrel sponges already existed prior to the physical separation of the Indo-Pacific and tropical Atlantic.

The integration and engineering of the ATLAS SemiConductor Tracker Barrel

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Abdesselam, A; Barr, A J [Department of Physics, Oxford University, Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH (United Kingdom); Allport, P P; Austin, N [Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, P.O. Box 147, Oxford Street, Liverpool L69 3BX (United Kingdom); Anastopoulos, C [University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hounsfield Road, Sheffield S3 7RH (United Kingdom); Anderson, B; Attree, D J [Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London (United Kingdom); Andricek, L; Bangert, A [Max-Planck-Institut fuer Physik, (Werner-Heisenberg-Institut), Foehringer Ring 6, 80805 Muenchen (Germany); Anghinolfi, F [CERN, CH - 1211 Geneva 23 (Switzerland); Apsimon, R; Barclay, P; Batchelor, L E [Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0QX (United Kingdom); Atkinson, T [School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010 (Australia); Barbier, G [Universite de Geneve, Section de Physique, 24 rue Ernest Ansermet, CH - 1211 Geneve 4 (Switzerland); Bates, R L; Bell, W H [University of Glasgow, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Glasgow G12 8QQ (United Kingdom); Batley, J R [Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE (United Kingdom); Beck, G A [Department of Physics, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS (United Kingdom); Bell, P J [School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL (United Kingdom)] (and others)

2008-10-15

The ATLAS SemiConductor Tracker (SCT) was built in three sections: a barrel and two end-caps. This paper describes the design, construction and final integration of the barrel section. The barrel is constructed around four nested cylinders that provide a stable and accurate support structure for the 2112 silicon modules and their associated services. The emphasis of this paper is directed at the aspects of engineering design that turned a concept into a fully-functioning detector, as well as the integration and testing of large sub-sections of the final SCT barrel detector. The paper follows the chronology of the construction. The main steps of the assembly are described with the results of intermediate tests. The barrel service components were developed and fabricated in parallel so that a flow of detector modules, cooling loops, opto-harnesses and Frequency-Scanning-Interferometry (FSI) alignment structures could be assembled onto the four cylinders. Once finished, each cylinder was conveyed to the next site for the mounting of modules to form a complete single barrel. Extensive electrical and thermal function tests were carried out on the completed single barrels. In the next stage, the four single barrels and thermal enclosures were combined into the complete SCT barrel detector so that it could be integrated with the Transition Radiation Tracker (TRT) barrel to form the central part of the ATLAS inner detector. Finally, the completed SCT barrel was tested together with the TRT barrel in noise tests and using cosmic rays.

Entwicklung eines kontinuierlichen Verfahrens zur enzymkatalysierten Synthese eines strukturierten Triglycerides

OpenAIRE

Stadler, Hans-Gerhard

2005-01-01

Ausgangspunkt für die in der vorliegenden Arbeit durchgeführten Entwicklung eines kontinuierlichen Verfahrens zur Synthese des strukturierten Triglycerides 1,3-Oleyl-2-palmitoylglycerin war die von Schmid [Schmid 1999] entwickelte lipase-katalysierte Zwei-Schritt-Synthese für strukturierte Triglyceride vom Typ ABA [European Patent Application; EP 0 882 797 A2]. In der ersten Reaktionsstufe dieser zweistufigen Umesterung wird in einer Folgereaktion das Substrat Tripalmitin mit Hilfe ein...

Response sensitivity of barrel neuron subpopulations to simulated thalamic input.

Science.gov (United States)

Pesavento, Michael J; Rittenhouse, Cynthia D; Pinto, David J

2010-06-01

Our goal is to examine the relationship between neuron- and network-level processing in the context of a well-studied cortical function, the processing of thalamic input by whisker-barrel circuits in rodent neocortex. Here we focus on neuron-level processing and investigate the responses of excitatory and inhibitory barrel neurons to simulated thalamic inputs applied using the dynamic clamp method in brain slices. Simulated inputs are modeled after real thalamic inputs recorded in vivo in response to brief whisker deflections. Our results suggest that inhibitory neurons require more input to reach firing threshold, but then fire earlier, with less variability, and respond to a broader range of inputs than do excitatory neurons. Differences in the responses of barrel neuron subtypes depend on their intrinsic membrane properties. Neurons with a low input resistance require more input to reach threshold but then fire earlier than neurons with a higher input resistance, regardless of the neuron's classification. Our results also suggest that the response properties of excitatory versus inhibitory barrel neurons are consistent with the response sensitivities of the ensemble barrel network. The short response latency of inhibitory neurons may serve to suppress ensemble barrel responses to asynchronous thalamic input. Correspondingly, whereas neurons acting as part of the barrel circuit in vivo are highly selective for temporally correlated thalamic input, excitatory barrel neurons acting alone in vitro are less so. These data suggest that network-level processing of thalamic input in barrel cortex depends on neuron-level processing of the same input by excitatory and inhibitory barrel neurons.

Celebration for the ATLAS Barrel Toroid magnet

CERN Multimedia

2007-01-01

Representatives from Funding Agencies and Barrel Toroid Magnet Laboratories during the ceremony. From left to right: Jean Zinn-Justin (Head of DAPNIA/CEA/Saclay), CERN Director-General Robert Aymar, and Roberto Petronzio (President INFN).Allan Clark (DPNC University Geneva) and Enrique Fernandez (IFAE Barcelona) were among the guests visiting the ATLAS cavern. The barrel toroid is visible in the background. A celebration took place at Point 1 on 13 December to toast the recent powering-up of the ATLAS barrel toroid magnet to full field (Bulletin No. 47-48/06). About 70 guests were invited to attend, mainly composed of representatives from funding partners and key members of the laboratory management teams of the barrel toroid magnet, representing CEA France, INFN Italy, BMBF Germany, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Russia, JINR Dubna and CERN. An introductory speech by ATLAS spokesperson Peter Jenni the scene for evening. This was followed by the ATLAS magnet system project leader Herman Ten Kate's account of the...

Last Few Metres for the Barrel Calorimeter

CERN Multimedia

Nyman, T.

On Friday 4th November, the ATLAS Barrel Calorimeter was moved from its assembly point at the side of the ATLAS cavern to the centre of the toroidal magnet system. The detector was finally aligned, to the precision of within a millimetre, on Wednesday 9th November. The ATLAS installation team, led by Tommi Nyman, after having positioned the Barrel Calorimeter in its final location in the ATLAS experimental cavern UX15. The Barrel Calorimeter which will absorb and measure the energy of photons, electrons and hadrons at the core of the ATLAS detector is 8.6 meters in diameter, 6.8 meters long, and weighs over 1600 Tonnes. It consists of two concentric cylindrical detector elements. The innermost comprises aluminium pressure vessels containing the liquid argon electromagnetic calorimeter and the solenoid magnet. The outermost is an assembly of 64 hadron tile calorimeter sectors. Assembled 18 meters away from its final position, the Barrel Calorimeter was relocated with the help of a railway, which allows ...

Fallbericht: Seltene Raumforderungen der Leiste in der klinischen Erscheinung inguinaler Hernien: eine seminomatöse Lymphknotenmetastase und ein Liposarkom des Samenstranges

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Burger M

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Einleitung: Wir berichten über eine seminomatöse inguinale Lymphknotenmetastase und ein Liposarkom des Samenstranges, die sich klinisch als eine inguinale Hernie präsentierten. Kasuistik: Fall 1: Ein 53jähriger Patient wurde unter der Annahme einer inguinalen Hernie links in einer chirurgischen Abteilung operiert. Es fand sich eine Raumforderung, welche in der Schnellschnittuntersuchung den Befund einer seminomatösen Lymphknotenmetastase ergab. In der folgenden Abklärung ergab sich ein linksseitiges pT2-Seminom. Anamnestisch wurde vor 26 Jahren eine inguinale Varikozelektomie links vorgenommen. Fall 2: Ein 61jähriger Patient stellte sich mit einer schmerzlosen Raumforderung der rechten Leiste vor, die klinisch als inguinale Hernie imponierte und seit drei Jahren größenprogredient war. Die Ultraschall- und MRT-Befunde wurden als eine inguinale Hernie mit einem Peritonealfett enthaltenden Bruchsack gedeutet. Intraoperativ fand sich ein Liposarkom des Samenstranges. Schlußfolgerung: Trotz der Häufigkeit inguinaler Herniotomien sind überraschende maligne Raumforderungen selten. Man sollte diese Möglichkeit aber bei transskrotalen Eingriffen in der Anamnese und bei nicht eindeutig einzuordnenden Befunden differentialdiagnostisch bedenken. Inguinale Lymphknotenmetastasen testikulärer Neoplasien sind selten, in der Literatur ist ein eindeutiger Zusammenhang mit Eingriffen im Skrotal- und Leistenbereich beschrieben. Die klinische Erscheinung einer solchen als Leistenhernie ist bisher noch nicht beschrieben worden. Liposarkome des Samenstranges sind ebenfalls selten. Therapeutisch sollte eine radikale chirurgische Exzision und in Fällen unklarer Absetzungsränder eine Radiatio erfolgen. Lokalrezidive treten häufig und eventuell auch spät auf.

Entwicklung von Cysteinproteaseinhibitoren - ein klassischer und ein kombinatorischer Ansatz zur Inhibitoroptimierung

OpenAIRE

Machon, Uwe Rainer

2009-01-01

Ziel der Dissertation „Entwicklung von Cysteinproteaseinhibitoren – ein klassischer und ein kombinatorischer Ansatz zur Inhibitoroptimierung“ war die Optimierung von neuen Inhibitoren von Falcipain-2 und Rhodesain als neue potentielle Wirkstoffe gegen Malaria bzw. die Schlafkrankheit über zwei verschiedene Methoden. Es handelt sich hierbei um einen klassischen und einen kombinatorischen Ansatz. Der klassische Ansatz basiert auf einer Struktur, deren Aktivität per Zufall entdeckt wurde. In Scr...

Completion of the TRT Barrel

CERN Multimedia

Gagnon, P

On February 3, the US-TRT team proudly completed the installation of the 96th barrel TRT module on its support structure in the SR building at CERN. This happy event came after many years of R&D initiated in the nineties by the TA1 team at CERN, followed by the construction of the modules in three American institutes (Duke, Hampton and Indiana Universities) from 1996 to 2003. In total, the 96 barrel modules contain 52544 kapton straws, each 4 mm in diameter and strung with a 30 micron gold-plated tungsten wire. Each wire was manually inserted, a feat in itself! The inner layer modules contain 329 straws, the middle layer modules have 520 straws and the outer layer, 793 straws. Thirty- two modules of each type form a full layer. Their special geometry was designed such as to leave no dead region. On average, a particle will cross 36 straws. Kirill Egorov, Chuck Mahlon and John Callahan inserted the last module in the Barrel Support Structure. After completion in the US, all modules were transferred...

Theoretische Grundlagen qualitativer Marktforschung – ein Überblick und eine integrative Perspektive

OpenAIRE

Frank, Dirk; Riedl, Peter

2004-01-01

Die ökonomische Bedeutung qualitativer Forschung nahm in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten kontinuierlich zu. Als eine der Hauptströmungen in der "Forschungsindustrie" stellt sie nicht nur ein wertvolles Erhebungs- und Analyseinstrumentarium zur Generierung grundlegender Einsichten in das Erleben und Verhalten von Verbrauchern dar, sondern bildet zugleich einen essentiellen Teil der jährlich generierten Umsätze von Forschungsinstituten. Hieraus folgt, dass es für die Anbieter qualitativer Forschung...

Ein Kredit für Weihnachtsbaumkugeln

Science.gov (United States)

Tutsch, Sina

Eine Mathematikerin aus dem DFG-Forschungszentrum Matheon arbeitet an Methoden zur dreidimensionalen Visualisierung. Sie hat die Geschäftsidee, Weihnachtsbaumkugeln mit bewegten Hologrammen herzustellen, die sich individuell gestalten lassen, und plant eine Existenzgründung. Aus einem öffentlichen Förderprogramm erhält sie ein günstiges Darlehen in Höhe von 50 000 Euro. Für die Startphase ihres Unternehmens benötigt sie jedoch den vierfachen Betrag.

27 CFR 25.141 - Barrels and kegs.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... OF THE TREASURY LIQUORS BEER Marks, Brands, and Labels § 25.141 Barrels and kegs. (a) General... shown on the bung or on the tap cover, or on a label securely affixed to each barrel or keg, the place... production: (i) May be shown as the only location on the bung, or on the tap cover, or on a separate label...

Monitoring core barrel motion by neutron noise diagnostics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Por, G.

1985-08-01

The core barrel motion is detected by ionization chambers located around the reactor vessel. The method is based on the measurement of the neutron flux fluctuations. Calculations to determine the direction and the size of the motion are discussed. The identification of core barrel motion and its connection with the error of one of the main circulating pumps in the Rheinsberg nuclear power plant are described. Core barrel motion of 10 Hz with an amplitude less than 50 μm could be diagnozed at the Paks-1 reactor using the Dutch high accuracy evaluation system. (V.N.)

Qualification Procedures of the CMS Pixel Barrel Modules

CERN Document Server

Starodumov, A; Horisberger, R.; Kastli, H.Chr.; Kotlinski, D.; Langenegger, U.; Meier, B.; Rohe, T.; Trueb, P.

2006-01-01

The CMS pixel barrel system will consist of three layers built of about 800 modules. One module contains 66560 readout channels and the full pixel barrel system about 48 million channels. It is mandatory to test each channel for functionality, noise level, trimming mechanism, and bump bonding quality. Different methods to determine the bump bonding yield with electrical measurements have been developed. Measurements of several operational parameters are also included in the qualification procedure. Among them are pixel noise, gains and pedestals. Test and qualification procedures of the pixel barrel modules are described and some results are presented.

Verfahren zur genbasierten Diagnose eines Legasthenierisikos

OpenAIRE

Wilcke, Arndt; Ahnert, Peter; Kirsten, Holger; Ligges, Carolin; Boltze, Johannes

2016-01-01

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Diagnose eines Legasthenierisikos, umfassend die Schritte: a) Bereitstellung einer Nukleinsäure beinhaltenden Probe von einem zu diagnostizierenden Menschen, b) Bestimmung des Genotyps der Nukleinsäure der Probe für mindestens eine chromosomale Region, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus der Region von Nukleotid 12091000 bis 12200000 des Chromosoms 1, der Region von Nukleotid 89066000 bis 89088000 des Chromosoms 15, der Region von Nukle...

Failure analysis of a barrel exposed to high temperature

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Usman, A.; Salam, I.; Rizvi, S.A.; Qasir, S.

2005-01-01

The paper deals with the study of a tank gun barrel which had failed after firing only a few rounds. The failure was in the form of bulging at the muzzle end (ME). The material of the barrel was characterized using different techniques including chemical and mechanical testing, optical microscopy and electron microscopy. Study disclosed that the barrel was subjected to excessively high temperature that resulted in its softening and consequent bulging under high pressure of the round. (author)

Work on the ATLAS semiconductor tracker barrel

CERN Multimedia

Maximilien Brice

2005-01-01

Precision work is performed on the semiconductor tracker barrel of the ATLAS experiment. All work on these delicate components must be performed in a clean room so that impurities in the air, such as dust, do not contaminate the detector. The semiconductor tracker will be mounted in the barrel close to the heart of the ATLAS experiment to detect the path of particles produced in proton-proton collisions.

Interspinöse Implantate in der Wirbelsäulenchirurgie - eine Frage der Indikation: Ein Fallbericht

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Decristoforo I

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Ein 77-jähriger Patient war wegen manifester neurogener Claudicatio spinalis bei bekannter lumbaler Spinalkanalstenose in 3 Segmenten an einer auswärtigen Institution mit perkutanen interspinösen Implantaten versorgt worden, wonach sich die klinische Symptomatik nicht änderte. Erst die mikrochirurgische Dekompression und die Entfernung der Platzhalter führten zu einer deutlichen Besserung der Beschwerden und Verlängerung der schmerzfreien Gehstrecke. Anhand dieses Falles wird die Verwendung von interspinösen Platzhaltern beleuchtet. In der bisherigen klinischen Anwendung fehlen noch die Langzeitergebnisse. Eine korrekte Indikationsstellung zur Intervention bei Spinalkanalstenose ist Voraussetzung für ein zufriedenstellendes postoperatives Ergebnis.

Eine selbstkonsistente Carleman Linearisierung zur Analyse von Oszillatoren

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

H. Weber

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Die Analyse nichtlinearer dynamischer Schaltungen ist bis heute eine herausfordernde Aufgabe, da nur selten analytische Lösungen angegeben werden können. Daher wurden eine Vielzahl von Methoden entwickelt, um eine qualitative oder quantitative Näherung für die Lösungen der Netzwerkgleichung zu erhalten. Oftmals wird beispielsweise eine Kleinsignalanalyse mit Hilfe einer Taylorreihe in einem Arbeitspunkt durchgeführt, die nach den Gliedern erster Ordnung abgebrochen wird. Allerdings ist diese Linearisierung nur in der Nähe des stabilen Arbeitspunktes für hyperbolische Systeme gültig. Besonders für die Analyse des dynamischen Verhaltens von Oszillatoren treten jedoch nicht-hyperbolische Systeme auf, sodass diese Methode nicht angewendet werden kann Mathis(2000. Carleman hat gezeigt, dass nichtlineare Differentialgleichungen mit polynomiellen Nichtlinearitäten in ein unendliches System von linearen Differentialgleichungen transformiert werden können Carleman(1932. Wird das unendlichdimensionale Gleichungssystem für numerische Zwecke abgebrochen, kann bei Oszillatoren der Übergang in eine stationäre Schwingung (Grenzzyklus nicht wiedergegeben werden.In diesem Beitrag wird eine selbstkonsistente Carleman Linearisierung zur Untersuchung von Oszillatoren vorgestellt, die auch dann anwendbar ist, wenn die Nichtlinearitäten keinen Polynomen entsprechen. Anstelle einer linearen Näherung um einen Arbeitspunkt, erfolgt mit Hilfe der Carleman Linearisierung eine Approximation auf einem vorgegebenen Gebiet. Da es jedoch mit der selbstkonsistenten Technik nicht möglich ist, das stationäre Verhalten von Oszillatoren zu beschreiben, wird die Berechnung einer Poincaré-Abbildung durchgeführt. Mit dieser ist eine anschließende Analyse des Oszillators möglich.

Eine selbstkonsistente Carleman Linearisierung zur Analyse von Oszillatoren

Science.gov (United States)

Weber, Harry; Mathis, Wolfgang

2017-09-01

Die Analyse nichtlinearer dynamischer Schaltungen ist bis heute eine herausfordernde Aufgabe, da nur selten analytische Lösungen angegeben werden können. Daher wurden eine Vielzahl von Methoden entwickelt, um eine qualitative oder quantitative Näherung für die Lösungen der Netzwerkgleichung zu erhalten. Oftmals wird beispielsweise eine Kleinsignalanalyse mit Hilfe einer Taylorreihe in einem Arbeitspunkt durchgeführt, die nach den Gliedern erster Ordnung abgebrochen wird. Allerdings ist diese Linearisierung nur in der Nähe des stabilen Arbeitspunktes für hyperbolische Systeme gültig. Besonders für die Analyse des dynamischen Verhaltens von Oszillatoren treten jedoch nicht-hyperbolische Systeme auf, sodass diese Methode nicht angewendet werden kann Mathis (2000). Carleman hat gezeigt, dass nichtlineare Differentialgleichungen mit polynomiellen Nichtlinearitäten in ein unendliches System von linearen Differentialgleichungen transformiert werden können Carleman (1932). Wird das unendlichdimensionale Gleichungssystem für numerische Zwecke abgebrochen, kann bei Oszillatoren der Übergang in eine stationäre Schwingung (Grenzzyklus) nicht wiedergegeben werden. In diesem Beitrag wird eine selbstkonsistente Carleman Linearisierung zur Untersuchung von Oszillatoren vorgestellt, die auch dann anwendbar ist, wenn die Nichtlinearitäten keinen Polynomen entsprechen. Anstelle einer linearen Näherung um einen Arbeitspunkt, erfolgt mit Hilfe der Carleman Linearisierung eine Approximation auf einem vorgegebenen Gebiet. Da es jedoch mit der selbstkonsistenten Technik nicht möglich ist, das stationäre Verhalten von Oszillatoren zu beschreiben, wird die Berechnung einer Poincaré-Abbildung durchgeführt. Mit dieser ist eine anschließende Analyse des Oszillators möglich.

The CMS Barrel Muon trigger upgrade

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Triossi, A.; Sphicas, P.; Bellato, M.; Montecassiano, F.; Ventura, S.; Ruiz, J.M. Cela; Bedoya, C. Fernandez; Tobar, A. Navarro; Fernandez, I. Redondo; Ferrero, D. Redondo; Sastre, J.; Ero, J.; Wulz, C.; Flouris, G.; Foudas, C.; Loukas, N.; Mallios, S.; Paradas, E.; Guiducci, L.; Masetti, G.

2017-01-01

The increase of luminosity expected by LHC during Phase1 will impose tighter constraints for rate reduction in order to maintain high efficiency in the CMS Level1 trigger system. The TwinMux system is the early layer of the muon barrel region that concentrates the information from different subdetectors: Drift Tubes, Resistive Plate Chambers and Outer Hadron Calorimeter. It arranges the slow optical trigger links from the detector chambers into faster links (10 Gbps) that are sent in multiple copies to the track finders. Results from collision runs, that confirm the satisfactory operation of the trigger system up to the output of the barrel track finder, will be shown.

The barrel muon spectrometer of the ATLAS detector has acquired its first cosmic event in a magnetic field produced by the barrel toroid magnet.

CERN Multimedia

2006-01-01

A 3-D event display of a cosmic muon event, showing the path of a muon travelling through three layers of the barrel muon spectrometer. Three of the eight coils of the barrel toroid magnet can be seen in the top half of the drawing.

Measurements of recent microchannel-plate photomultipliers with significantly increased lifetime

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Uhlig, Fred; Eyrich, Wolfgang; Lehmann, Albert; Britting, Alexander [Universitaet Erlangen, Physikal. Institut IV (Germany); Collaboration: PANDA-Collaboration

2015-07-01

Microchannel-plate photomultipliers (MCP-PMTs) are the favored sensors for the DIRC detectors (Detection of Internally Reflected Cherenkov Light) of the PANDA experiment. They are usable in high magnetic fields of up to 2T and reach a time resolution of better than 50 ps (σ). The anticipated average luminosity of 2.10{sup 32} cm{sup -2} s{sup -1} in the detector requires a rate capability high enough to withstand a detected photon rate of about 200 kHz cm{sup -2} at the MCP-PMT surfaces. The major drawback until recently was the limited lifetime of MCP-PMTs, which appears to be solved for the latest generation of MCP-PMT prototype devices. The aging parameter is the quantum efficiency as a function of the integrated anode charge, which will be in the region of 5 C/cm{sup 2} for the Barrel- and the Disc-DIRC. We simultaneously measured the aging of several MCP-PMTs, which were treated with different methods to enhance the lifetime. Results of these measurements are presented.

End of the EM Barrel Presampler Construction and Insertion

CERN Multimedia

Hostachy, J.Y.

The liquid argon barrel presampler is a thin detector placed in front of the electromagnetic barrel calorimeter, made up of two half barrels also, but with 32 sectors per half barrel instead of 16. Each of these 64 sectors is 3.1 m long, 28 cm large and 2.9 cm thick. Three countries took part in its construction: France (LPSC-Grenoble), Sweden (KTH-Stockholm) and Morocco (Hassan II Ain Chock-Casablanca and Mohamed V-Rabat universities, and CNESTEN-Rabat). The design of the presampler started 11 years ago and the series production began at the end of 2000. Cabling, mechanical and electronic tests of the anodes were achieved in Morocco. Forty-one sectors were assembled and validated at the LPSC-Grenoble and 25 at the KTH-Stockholm. In November 2002, the first half was inserted on the inner face of the first EM calorimeter wheel. The insertion of the other 32 sectors in the second EM calorimeter wheel was achieved in July 2003 (see pictures). The production of two additional sectors will allow us to study the p...

Mechanical Commissioning of the ATLAS Barrel Toroid Magnet

CERN Document Server

Foussat, A; Dudarev, A; Bajas, H; Védrine, P; Berriaud, C; Sun, Z; Sorbi, M

2008-01-01

ATLAS is a general-purpose detector designed to run at the highest luminosity at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Its features include the 4 T Barrel Toroid magnet, the largest superconducting magnet (25 m long, 20 m diameter) that provides the magnetic field for the ATLAS muon spectrometer. The coils integrated at CERN, were tested individually at maximum current of 22 kA in 2005. Following the mechanical assembly of the Barrel Toroid in the ATLAS underground cavern, the test of the full Barrel Toroid was performed in October 2006. Further tests are foreseen at the end 2007 when the system will include the two End Cap Toroids (ECT). The paper gives an overview of the good mechanical test results achieved in comparison with model predictions and the experience gained in the mechanical behavior of the ATLAS Toroidal coils is discussed.

Barrel Module0 Autopsy

CERN Document Server

Cobal, M; Nessi, Marzio; Blanch, O; Zamora, Y

1999-01-01

Using the information from the Cs calibration runs, many of the problems affecting the response of the barrel Module0 prototype have been spotted out. These can be bad fibre-tile couplings, light losses from fibres bundling, broken fibres, not transparent tiles etc. After a visual inspection, most of these problems have been repaired.

A radial map of multi-whisker correlation selectivity in the rat barrel cortex.

Science.gov (United States)

Estebanez, Luc; Bertherat, Julien; Shulz, Daniel E; Bourdieu, Laurent; Léger, Jean-François

2016-11-21

In the barrel cortex, several features of single-whisker stimuli are organized in functional maps. The barrel cortex also encodes spatio-temporal correlation patterns of multi-whisker inputs, but so far the cortical mapping of neurons tuned to such input statistics is unknown. Here we report that layer 2/3 of the rat barrel cortex contains an additional functional map based on neuronal tuning to correlated versus uncorrelated multi-whisker stimuli: neuron responses to uncorrelated multi-whisker stimulation are strongest above barrel centres, whereas neuron responses to correlated and anti-correlated multi-whisker stimulation peak above the barrel-septal borders, forming rings of multi-whisker synchrony-preferring cells.

How does the German executive judge the risk of a global climate change? An opinion survey on the risk management in environmental policy; Wie schaetzt die deutsche Exekutive die Gefahr eines globalen Klimawandels ein? Eine Meinungsumfrage zum Risikomanagement in der Umweltpolitik

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Krueck, C. [VDI-Technologiezentrum Physikalische Technologien, Duesseldorf (Germany). Abt. Zukuenftige Technologien; Bray, D. [GKSS-Forschungszentrum Geesthacht GmbH (Germany). Inst. fuer Gewaesserphysik

2000-07-01

Global warming is a problem which is scientifically complex and risky for political institutions. Coping with this problem requires elaborate methods of information exchange and accommodation between scientific and political institutions in order to facilitate risk management and decisions under uncertainty. This paper explores the relationship between science and politics based on the results of a survey of representatives of the German executive branch (both on the Federal and the Laender level) who are in charged with regulating environmental, nature and climate protection affairs. Results indicate that the top-level administrative staff in Germany perceive climate change as an urgent problem but are undecided whether 'climate research has managed to remain a neutral, value-free science'. Climate change is perceived as an exceptionally complex problem for science which is still faced with numerous knowledge gaps. At present, the relation problem for science which is still faced with numerous knowledge gaps. At present, the relation between the executive branch and climate research is trust-based but also quite distanced, particularly, at the regional (Laender) level. (orig.) [German] Die Warnung vor einer globalen Erwaermung konfrontiert die Politik mit einem Problem, das wissenschaftlich komplex und politisch riskant ist. Die Bewaeltigung derartiger Probleme erfordert ein hohes Mass an Informationsaustausch und Verstaendigung zwischen politischen und wissenschaftlichen Institutionen, um Risikomanagement zu betreiben und Entscheidungen unter Unsicherheit zu treffen. Um ein genaueres Bild davon zu gewinnen, wie die Bedrohung des Klimawandels in der deutschen Politik wahrgenommen und handhabbar gemacht wird, wurde ein wichtiges Segment des deutschen politischen Systems unter die Lupe genommen: Fuehrende Vertreter der Exekutive (Verwaltung), die auf Bundes- und Laenderebene mit Fragen des Umwelt-Natur- und Klimaschutzes befasst sind, wurden zum Thema

Energiemessungen bei Aspergillus niger mit Hilfe eines automatischen Mikro-Kompensations-Calorimeters

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Algera, Leendert

1932-01-01

Beschrieben wurde ein Calorimeter. Das Prinzip der Warmemessung besteht darin, dasz die entwickelte Wärme, sobald sie entsteht, durch eine entsprechende Kältemenge kompensiert wird. Sobald die Temperatur des Kulturgefaszes ein wenig ansteigt, wird trockne Luft gepumpt durch ein mit Wasser gefulltes

Ueber eine Anomalie von Acromitus flagellatus (Stiasny)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Stiasny, G.

1934-01-01

Bei erneuter Durchsicht des reichhaltigen Materiales von Acromitus flagellatus (Stiasny) in der Scyphomedusen-Sammlung des Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie in Leiden (vergl. meine Mitteilungen daruber, 1920, Uebersichtstabelle III und 1921, p. 131/136) fand ich ein Exemplar, das eine

Gestaltung und Erforschung eines Mixed Reality Lernsystems.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Hochberg, Jana; Vogel, Cathrin; Bastiaens, Theo

2018-01-01

In diesem Artikel wird ein Entwurf eines Lernsystems vorgestellt, in welchem Mixed- Reality (MR) Technologien und didaktischen Modelle für den Einsatz in der industriellen Weiterbildung kombiniert werden. Mit diesem System soll das Erlernen von Problemlösekompetenzen über visuelle Einblendung

Deutsches Wortgut in rumänischen Pflanzennamen. Ein Bericht aus ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

vorgehoben wird (da der einzelne Sprecher Schöpfer der Sprache/Poesie wurde, wann immer er eine Blume nannte). Unserer Meinung nach ist ein botanisches Lexikon einer bestimmten Region, einmal bekannt, nicht nur ein Thesaurus, aber auch ...

Grand Prix Eurovision: Eine Fankultur im Medienzeitalter

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Heinz Moser

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Der Grand Prix Eurovision ist seit Jahrzehnten eine der bekanntesten Unterhaltungssendungen im europäischen Raum. Dennoch erregte es Verwunderung, wenn der Schreibende Bekannten darüber berichtete, daß dies ein Forschungsgegenstand sei. Wurde von Interviews mit Grand Prix-Fans erzählt, so fielen schnell Aussagen wie: „Wie kann man sich nur für so etwas Abseitiges und Triviales wie den Grand Prix interessieren“. Dennoch bin ich der Meinung, daß Fankulturen für die entstehende Mediengesellschaft ein nicht unwichtiges Forschungsthema darstellen. Zwar geht es nicht um eine medienpädagogische Fragestellung im engeren Sinne; die Fans des Grand Prix Eurovision sind dem Jugendalter längst entwachsen. Dennoch handelt es sich bei Fangemeinschaften um Phänomene, die im Rahmen von Jugend- und Kinderkulturen von besonderer Relevanz sind. So meint Winter (1997, daß jugendliche Fanwelten eine bedeutende Rolle als Kristallisationspunkte kultureller Differenzierung spielen: ,Die Zugehörigkeit zu einer Fan weit ist Teil der jugendlichen Lebensbewältigung in der Postmoderne, denn in der Gemeinschaft der Fans können Jugendliche emotionale Allianzen eingehen, außeralltäglichen Beschäftigungen nachgehen, expressive Identitätsmuster gemeinschaftlich realisieren und sich mit ihrer Lebenssituation als Heranwachsende auseinandersetzen“ (Winter 1997, S. 51f..

The TIM Barrel Architecture Facilitated the Early Evolution of Protein-Mediated Metabolism.

Science.gov (United States)

Goldman, Aaron David; Beatty, Joshua T; Landweber, Laura F

2016-01-01

The triosephosphate isomerase (TIM) barrel protein fold is a structurally repetitive architecture that is present in approximately 10% of all enzymes. It is generally assumed that this ubiquity in modern proteomes reflects an essential historical role in early protein-mediated metabolism. Here, we provide quantitative and comparative analyses to support several hypotheses about the early importance of the TIM barrel architecture. An information theoretical analysis of protein structures supports the hypothesis that the TIM barrel architecture could arise more easily by duplication and recombination compared to other mixed α/β structures. We show that TIM barrel enzymes corresponding to the most taxonomically broad superfamilies also have the broadest range of functions, often aided by metal and nucleotide-derived cofactors that are thought to reflect an earlier stage of metabolic evolution. By comparison to other putatively ancient protein architectures, we find that the functional diversity of TIM barrel proteins cannot be explained simply by their antiquity. Instead, the breadth of TIM barrel functions can be explained, in part, by the incorporation of a broad range of cofactors, a trend that does not appear to be shared by proteins in general. These results support the hypothesis that the simple and functionally general TIM barrel architecture may have arisen early in the evolution of protein biosynthesis and provided an ideal scaffold to facilitate the metabolic transition from ribozymes, peptides, and geochemical catalysts to modern protein enzymes.

Energy metrics for driving competitiveness of countries: Energy weakness magnitude, GDP per barrel and barrels per capita

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Coccia, Mario

2010-01-01

Energy metrics is the development of a whole new theoretical framework for the conception and measurement of energy and economic system performances, energy efficiency and productivity improvements with important political economy implications consistent with the best use of all natural and economic resources. The purpose of this research is to present some vital energy indicators based on magnitude and scale of energy weakness, GDP per barrel of oil that is an indicator of energy productivity and barrels (of oil) per capita that is an indicator of energy efficiency. Energy metrics can support the monitoring of energy and economic system performances in order to design effective energy strategy and political economy interventions focused on the 'competitive advantage' increase of countries in modern economies.

Understanding and Predicting Gun Barrel Erosion

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Johnston, Ian A

2005-01-01

The Australian Defence Force will soon have to contend with gun barrel erosion issues arising from the use of new low-vulnerability gun propellants, the acquisition of new ammunition and gun systems...

Review: Anja Weiß (2001). Rassismus wider Willen. Ein anderer Blick auf eine Struktur sozialer Ungleichheit

OpenAIRE

Bremer, Helmut

2002-01-01

Die Arbeit liefert einen Beitrag zur Debatte um Rassismus und Interkulturalität sowie zur Anwendung qualitativer Forschungsverfahren im Rahmen der Theorie BOURDIEUs. Rassismus und Anti-Rassismus werden nicht isoliert betrachtet, sondern als eine Dimension sozialer Ungleichheit, die in eine umfassende Theorie sozialer Ungleichheit eingebunden werden muss. Vorgeschlagen wird BOURDIEUs Konzept von Habitus, Feld und Kapital. Das ermöglicht einen anderen Blick auf das Phänomen. Rassismus reproduzi...

Konstruktion, Analyse und Inbetriebnahme eines Gelenks zur rotatorischen Entkopplung für ein UAV-Helikopter-Landesystem

OpenAIRE

Pham, Viet Duc

2015-01-01

Im Rahmen dieser Bachelorarbeit werden für ein Helikopter-Landesystem mehrere Gelenke entworfen, welche bei geschlossenem Kontakt ein unbemanntes Flugfahrzeug (UAV) und einen Manipulator rotatorisch entkoppeln und nur die translatorischen Freiheitsgrade des UAVs einschränken. Einzelne Komponenten der Konstruktion werden mithilfe von 3D-Druck-Verfahren gefertigt. Anschließend werden die Entwürfe kinematisch untersucht und verglichen. Das im Hinblick auf Arbeitsraum, Leichtgängigkeit, Gewicht u...

Construction and performance of the ATLAS silicon microstrip barrel modules

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kondo, T.; Apsimon, R.; Beck, G.A.; Bell, P.; Brenner, R.; Bruckman de Renstrom, P.; Carter, A.A.; Carter, J.R.; Charlton, D.; Dabrowski, W.; Dorholt, O.; Ekelof, T.; Eklund, L.; Gibson, M.; Gadomski, S.; Grillo, A.; Grosse-Knetter, J.; Haber, C.; Hara, K.; Hill, J.C.; Ikegami, Y.; Iwata, Y.; Johansen, L.G.; Kohriki, T.; Macpherson, A.; McMahon, S.; Moorhead, G.; Morin, J.; Morris, J.; Morrissey, M.; Nagai, K.; Nakano, I.; Pater, J.; Pernegger, H.; Perrin, E.; Phillips, P.; Robinson, D.; Skubic, B.; Spencer, N.; Stapnes, S.; Stugu, B.; Takashima, R.; Terada, S.; Tyndel, M.; Ujiie, N.; Unno, Y.; Vos, M.

2002-01-01

The ATLAS Semiconductor Tracker (SCT) consists of four barrel cylinders and 18 end-cap disks. This paper describes the SCT modules of the barrel region, of which more than 2000 are about to be constructed. The module design is fixed. Its design concept is given together with the electrical, thermal and mechanical specifications. The pre-series production of the barrel modules is underway using mass-production procedures and jigs. The pre-series modules have given satisfactory performances on noise, noise occupancy, electrical as well as mechanical and thermal properties. In addition, irradiated modules were demonstrated to work successfully. Also first results from a 10-module system test are given

Relativitätstheorie ein Sachcomic

CERN Document Server

Bassett, Bruce

2012-01-01

E = mc² – so einfach ist eine Revolution! Nichts ist schneller als Licht! Wie lange noch? Was fangen wir mit einer vierten Dimension an und mit krummen Räumen? Einstein gilt als größter Physiker der Neuzeit, das amerikanische Magazin „Time“ machte ihn sogar zum Mann des Jahrhunderts. Einstein ist das Lieblingsgenie vieler Menschen: ein Radikaler im wissenschaftlichen Arbeiten und engagierter sozialistischer Pazifist. Es ist nun gut hundert Jahre her, seit Einsteins Relativitätstheorie unseren Blick auf Raum, Zeit und Materie revolutionierte. Einsteins Gedankenexperimente sind berüchtigt für ihre Komplexität, aber sie bieten fesselnde Beschreibungen der Grundlagen, auf denen die Welt funktioniert. Relativitätstheorie und Quantentheorie sind die zwei Hauptsäulen der modernen Physik. Dieser Sachcomic nimmt Sie mit auf eine unterhaltsame Bildungsreise durch Raum und Zeit vorbei an Schwarzen Löchern und quer durch Gravitationsfelder (Je schneller Sie lesen, desto jünger werden Sie!!). Sie werden ...

First two barrel ECAL supermodules inserted in CMS HCAL

CERN Multimedia

K.Bell

2006-01-01

The first two barrel "supermodules" for the CMS Electromagnetic Calorimeter (ECAL) have been inserted into the barrel hadron calorimeter (HCAL) in the experimental hall (called SX5) in Cessy in preparation for the forthcoming magnet test and cosmic challenge (MTCC). Each of the two supermodules contains 1700 lead tungstate crystals in glass-fibre alveolar support structures, with associated avalanche photodiodes (APDs, for scintillation light detection), electronics and cooling system. The barrel ECAL will consist of 36 supermodules, many of which have already been produced (see CERN Bulletin 17-18, 2006). Team from CMS ECAL, CMS Integration and CEA-DAPNIA were involved in the insertion, with the production/integration of the supermodules themselves involving many technicians, engineers and physicists from many institutes. From left to right: Olivier Teller, Maf Alidra and Lucien Veillet.

Endovascular brachytherapy to prevent restenosis after angioplasty; Endovaskulaere Brachytherapie in der Restenoseprophylaxe nach Angioplastie und Stentimplantation: Eine Uebersicht

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wohlgemuth, W.A.; Bohndorf, K. [Klinikum Augsburg (Germany). Klinik fuer Diagnostische Radiologie und Neuroradiologie

2003-02-01

Endovascular radiotherapy is the first effective prophylaxis of restenosis after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) and stenting. The FDA recently approved two devices for the delivery of intracoronary radiation following coronary artery stenting. Published multicenter, double-blind, randomized trials of intracoronary radiation therapy report good results for preventing in-stent restenosis, while the data for the peripheral circulation are still inconclusive. Beta-emitters are easier applicable and probably also safer, whereas gamma-emitters have been more extensively evaluated clinically so far. Primary indication for endovascular brachytherapy are patients at high risk for restenosis, such as previous restenoses, in-stent hyperplasia, long stented segment, long PTA lesion, narrow residual vascular lumen and diabetes. Data from coronary circulation suggest a safety margin of at least 4 to 10 mm at both ends of the angioplastic segment to avoid edge restenosis. To prevent late thrombosis of the treated coronary segment, antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel and aspirin are recommended for at least 6 months after PTA and for 12 months after a newly implanted stent. An established medication regimen after radiotherapy of peripheral arteries is still lacking. (orig.) [German] Die endovaskulaere Radiotherapie stellt das erste erfolgreiche Therapiekonzept in der Restenoseprophylaxe nach PTA und Stentimplantation dar. Am 3.11.2000 hat die amerikanische Food and Drug Administration erstmalig zwei Brachytherapiegeraete zur Restenoseprophylaxe nach Koronararterien-Stenting zugelassen. Grosse multizentrische, kontrollierte Studien wurden fuer das koronare Stromgebiet mit positiven Ergebnissen publiziert, die Datenlage im peripheren Stromgebiet ist noch ungenuegend. Beta-Strahler bieten Vorteile in der Anwendung, moeglicherweise auch in der Sicherheit, Gamma-Strahler dagegen sind besser klinisch evaluiert. Die primaere Indikation zur endovaskulaeren Brachytherapie

Barrel calorimeter of the CMD-3 detector

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shebalin, V. E., E-mail: V.E.Shebalin@inp.nsk.su; Anisenkov, A. V.; Aulchenko, V. M.; Bashtovoy, N. S. [Russian Academy of Sciences, Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Siberian Branch (Russian Federation); Epifanov, D. A. [University of Tokyo, Department of Physics (Japan); Epshteyn, L. B.; Grebenuk, A. A.; Ignatov, F. V.; Erofeev, A. L.; Kovalenko, O. A.; Kozyrev, A. N.; Kuzmin, A. S.; Logashenko, I. B.; Mikhailov, K. Yu.; Razuvaev, G. P.; Ruban, A. A.; Shwartz, B. A.; Talyshev, A. A.; Titov, V. M.; Yudin, Yu. V. [Russian Academy of Sciences, Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Siberian Branch (Russian Federation)

2015-12-15

The structure of the barrel calorimeter of the CMD-3 detector is presented in this work. The procedure of energy calibration of the calorimeter and the method of photon energy restoration are described. The distinctive feature of this barrel calorimeter is its combined structure; it is composed of two coaxial subsystems: a liquid xenon calorimeter and a crystalline CsI calorimeter. The calorimeter spatial resolution of the photon conversion point is about 2 mm, which corresponds to an angular resolution of ∼6 mrad. The energy resolution of the calorimeter is about 8% for photons with energy of 200 MeV and 4% for photons with energy of 1 GeV.

Barrel calorimeter of the CMD-3 detector

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shebalin, V. E.; Anisenkov, A. V.; Aulchenko, V. M.; Bashtovoy, N. S.; Epifanov, D. A.; Epshteyn, L. B.; Grebenuk, A. A.; Ignatov, F. V.; Erofeev, A. L.; Kovalenko, O. A.; Kozyrev, A. N.; Kuzmin, A. S.; Logashenko, I. B.; Mikhailov, K. Yu.; Razuvaev, G. P.; Ruban, A. A.; Shwartz, B. A.; Talyshev, A. A.; Titov, V. M.; Yudin, Yu. V.

2015-01-01

The structure of the barrel calorimeter of the CMD-3 detector is presented in this work. The procedure of energy calibration of the calorimeter and the method of photon energy restoration are described. The distinctive feature of this barrel calorimeter is its combined structure; it is composed of two coaxial subsystems: a liquid xenon calorimeter and a crystalline CsI calorimeter. The calorimeter spatial resolution of the photon conversion point is about 2 mm, which corresponds to an angular resolution of ∼6 mrad. The energy resolution of the calorimeter is about 8% for photons with energy of 200 MeV and 4% for photons with energy of 1 GeV

Überlegungen zu einer entrepreneur-orientierten Ausbildung an gewerblichen Fachschulen: eine Bestandsaufnahme mit Vorschlägen für eine Ergänzung des Curriculums

OpenAIRE

Hartmann, Falk

2010-01-01

In der Arbeit wird untersucht ob eine Ausbildung zum Entrepreneur, also zur Selbständigkeit möglich ist und es wird ein geeigneter curricularer Ansatz gesucht eine Entrepreneurship Education in die Ausbildung zum staatlich geprüften Techniker Maschinentechnik zu integriereren.

EIN2 mediates direct regulation of histone acetylation in the ethylene response.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Fan; Wang, Likai; Qi, Bin; Zhao, Bo; Ko, Eun Esther; Riggan, Nathaniel D; Chin, Kevin; Qiao, Hong

2017-09-19

Ethylene gas is essential for developmental processes and stress responses in plants. Although the membrane-bound protein EIN2 is critical for ethylene signaling, the mechanism by which the ethylene signal is transduced remains largely unknown. Here we show the levels of H3K14Ac and H3K23Ac are correlated with the levels of EIN2 protein and demonstrate EIN2 C terminus (EIN2-C) is sufficient to rescue the levels of H3K14/23Ac of ein2 -5 at the target loci, using CRISPR/dCas9-EIN2-C. Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by deep sequencing (ChIP-seq) and ChIP-reChIP-seq analyses revealed that EIN2-C associates with histone partially through an interaction with EIN2 nuclear-associated protein1 (ENAP1), which preferentially binds to the genome regions that are associated with actively expressed genes both with and without ethylene treatments. Specifically, in the presence of ethylene, ENAP1-binding regions are more accessible upon the interaction with EIN2, and more EIN3 proteins bind to the loci where ENAP1 is enriched for a quick response. Together, these results reveal EIN2-C is the key factor regulating H3K14Ac and H3K23Ac in response to ethylene and uncover a unique mechanism by which ENAP1 interacts with chromatin, potentially preserving the open chromatin regions in the absence of ethylene; in the presence of ethylene, EIN2 interacts with ENAP1, elevating the levels of H3K14Ac and H3K23Ac, promoting more EIN3 binding to the targets shared with ENAP1 and resulting in a rapid transcriptional regulation.

Patchwork-Type Spontaneous Activity in Neonatal Barrel Cortex Layer 4 Transmitted via Thalamocortical Projections

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hidenobu Mizuno

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Summary: Establishment of precise neuronal connectivity in the neocortex relies on activity-dependent circuit reorganization during postnatal development; however, the nature of cortical activity during this period remains largely unknown. Using two-photon calcium imaging of the barrel cortex in vivo during the first postnatal week, we reveal that layer 4 (L4 neurons within the same barrel fire synchronously in the absence of peripheral stimulation, creating a “patchwork” pattern of spontaneous activity corresponding to the barrel map. By generating transgenic mice expressing GCaMP6s in thalamocortical axons, we show that thalamocortical axons also demonstrate the spontaneous patchwork activity pattern. Patchwork activity is diminished by peripheral anesthesia but is mostly independent of self-generated whisker movements. The patchwork activity pattern largely disappeared during postnatal week 2, as even L4 neurons within the same barrel tended to fire asynchronously. This spontaneous L4 activity pattern has features suitable for thalamocortical (TC circuit refinement in the neonatal barrel cortex. : By two-photon calcium imaging of layer 4 neurons and thalamocortical axon terminals in neonatal mouse barrel cortex, Mizuno et al. find a patchwork-like spontaneous activity pattern corresponding to the barrel map, which may be important for thalamocortical circuit maturation. Keywords: activity-dependent development, spontaneous activity, synchronized activity, barrel cortex, thalamocortical axons, neonates, in vivo calcium imaging, awake, single-cell labeling, whisker monitoring

Astrocytes control GABAergic inhibition of neurons in the mouse barrel cortex.

Science.gov (United States)

Benedetti, B; Matyash, V; Kettenmann, H

2011-03-01

Astrocytes in the barrel cortex respond with a transient Ca2+ increase to neuronal stimulation and this response is restricted to the stimulated barrel field. In the present study we suppressed the astrocyte response by dialysing these cells with the Ca2+ chelator BAPTA. Electrical stimulation triggered a depolarization in stellate or pyramidal ‘regular spiking' neurons from cortex layer 4 and 2/3 and this response was augmented in amplitude and duration after astrocytes were dialysed with BAPTA. Combined blockade of GABAA and GABAB receptors mimicked the effect of BAPTA dialysis, while glutamate receptor blockers had no effect. Moreover, the frequency of spontaneous postsynaptic currents was increased after BAPTA dialysis. Outside the range of BAPTA dialysis astrocytes responded with a Ca2+ increase, but in contrast to control, the response was no longer restricted to one barrel field. Our findings indicate that astrocytes control neuronal inhibition in the barrel cortex.

Integration and installation of the CMS pixel barrel detector

CERN Document Server

Kastli, Hans-Christian

2008-01-01

A 66 million pixel detector has been installed in 2008 into the CMS experiment at CERN. The development and construction time took more than 10 years. In this paper the assembly of the barrel detector is described. A simple but effective method to accomplish a survey of the module positions during assembly is discussed. Furthermore the insertion and commissioning of the CMS pixel barrel detector which took place in July 2008 is illustrated.

Hin zu Utopia - eine empirische Spekulation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Wolfgang Frindte

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Hin zu Utopia - eine empirische Spekulation (von Wolfgang Frindte & Nico Dietrich Der vorliegende Text nutzt Befunde, die die Autoren im Rahmen einer Studie zu Einstellungen gegenüber Muslimen und dem Islam erhoben haben (Frindte/Dietrich 2017, um über die Möglichkeit einer kosmopolitischen Utopie zu spekulieren und nach den Akteuren der Zukunft und den künftigen Gestaltern eines friedlichen und menschenfreundlichen europäischen Kontinents zu fahnden. Im Ergebnis ihrer Suche kommen die Autoren zu dem Schluss: Es gibt noch immer gebildete und politisch informierte Menschen, die eine positive Sicht auf ethnische Minderheiten, Flüchtlinge im Allgemeinen und Muslime im Besonderen haben, autoritäre und machtorientierte Gesellschaftsstrukturen ablehnen und sich mit Europa identifizieren. Auf ihren persönlichen Einsatz, ihre Entschlossenheit, ihren Zusammenhalt über die Zeit und ihre Zukunftsorientierung kommt es an.

Alignment of the MSGC barrel support structure

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kari, Tammi; Miikka, Kotamaki; Tommi, Vanhala; Antti, Onnela

1999-01-01

The MSGC barrel is a sub-part of the tracking system of the CMS experiment at the LHC. The mechanical support structure of the MSGC barrel consists of ladder-like support beams carrying the detector modules and of four disks supporting the ladders. The required alignment precision of the modules, a few tens of micrometers, is designed to be obtained by precise part manufacture and by careful measurement of the alignment during the assembly of the structure. In the paper the use of digital photogrammetry for the measurement of the alignment of the disks and for the structural verification is presented. Digital photogrammetry was chosen from a number of potential methods after a careful evaluation. The use of photogrammetry for the structural verification of a prototype is presented. The displacements were measured both of unloaded and loaded disk by using photogrammetry and linear displacement transducers for verification. The displacements obtained from the two measurement methods corresponded well, not only to each other, but also to the results given by finite element analysis. The structural verification will be done and the alignment procedure will be tested with a full-sized prototype of a half of the MSGC barrel. Preparations for the photogrammetry measurements are presented and the design of the required supplementary equipment is shown. (authors)

Alignment of the MSGC barrel support structure

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kari, Tammi; Miikka, Kotamaki; Tommi, Vanhala [HIP, Helsinki Institute of Physics, CERN/EP, Geneva (Switzerland); Antti, Onnela [CERN, Conseil Europeen pour la recherche nucleaire, Laboratoire europeen pour la physique des particules, Geneve (Switzerland)

1999-07-01

The MSGC barrel is a sub-part of the tracking system of the CMS experiment at the LHC. The mechanical support structure of the MSGC barrel consists of ladder-like support beams carrying the detector modules and of four disks supporting the ladders. The required alignment precision of the modules, a few tens of micrometers, is designed to be obtained by precise part manufacture and by careful measurement of the alignment during the assembly of the structure. In the paper the use of digital photogrammetry for the measurement of the alignment of the disks and for the structural verification is presented. Digital photogrammetry was chosen from a number of potential methods after a careful evaluation. The use of photogrammetry for the structural verification of a prototype is presented. The displacements were measured both of unloaded and loaded disk by using photogrammetry and linear displacement transducers for verification. The displacements obtained from the two measurement methods corresponded well, not only to each other, but also to the results given by finite element analysis. The structural verification will be done and the alignment procedure will be tested with a full-sized prototype of a half of the MSGC barrel. Preparations for the photogrammetry measurements are presented and the design of the required supplementary equipment is shown. (authors)

Astrocytes control GABAergic inhibition of neurons in the mouse barrel cortex

Science.gov (United States)

Benedetti, B; Matyash, V; Kettenmann, H

2011-01-01

Astrocytes in the barrel cortex respond with a transient Ca2+ increase to neuronal stimulation and this response is restricted to the stimulated barrel field. In the present study we suppressed the astrocyte response by dialysing these cells with the Ca2+ chelator BAPTA. Electrical stimulation triggered a depolarization in stellate or pyramidal ‘regular spiking’ neurons from cortex layer 4 and 2/3 and this response was augmented in amplitude and duration after astrocytes were dialysed with BAPTA. Combined blockade of GABAA and GABAB receptors mimicked the effect of BAPTA dialysis, while glutamate receptor blockers had no effect. Moreover, the frequency of spontaneous postsynaptic currents was increased after BAPTA dialysis. Outside the range of BAPTA dialysis astrocytes responded with a Ca2+ increase, but in contrast to control, the response was no longer restricted to one barrel field. Our findings indicate that astrocytes control neuronal inhibition in the barrel cortex. PMID:21224221

Correcting the Chromatic Aberration in Barrel Distortion of Endoscopic Images

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Y. M. Harry Ng

2003-04-01

Full Text Available Modern endoscopes offer physicians a wide-angle field of view (FOV for minimally invasive therapies. However, the high level of barrel distortion may prevent accurate perception of image. Fortunately, this kind of distortion may be corrected by digital image processing. In this paper we investigate the chromatic aberrations in the barrel distortion of endoscopic images. In the past, chromatic aberration in endoscopes is corrected by achromatic lenses or active lens control. In contrast, we take a computational approach by modifying the concept of image warping and the existing barrel distortion correction algorithm to tackle the chromatic aberration problem. In addition, an error function for the determination of the level of centroid coincidence is proposed. Simulation and experimental results confirm the effectiveness of our method.

TRT and SCT barrels merge

CERN Multimedia

Wells, P S

2006-01-01

The SCT barrel was inserted in the TRT on 17 February, just missing Valentine's day. This was a change of emphasis for the two detectors. In the preceeding months there had been a lot of focus on testing their performance. The TRT had been observing cosmic rays through several sectors of the barrel, and all the modules on each of the four layers of the SCT had been characterised prior to integration. In parallel, the engineering teams, lead by Marco Olcese, Andrea Catinaccio, Eric Perrin, Neil Dixon, Iourii Gusakov, Gerard Barbier and Takashi Kohriki, had been preparing for this critical operation. Figure 1: Neil Dixon and Marco Olcese verifying the final alignment The two detectors had to be painstakingly aligned to be concentric to within a millimetre. The SCT was held on a temporary cantilever stand, and the TRT in the ID trolley had to inch over it. Finally the weight of the SCT was transferred to the rails on the inside of the TRT itself. The SCT services actually protruded a little outside the oute...

Eine Test- und Ansteuerschaltung für eine neuartige 3D Verbindungstechnologie

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M. Bschorr

2005-01-01

Full Text Available In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird eine Built-In Self-Test Schaltung (BIST vorgestellt, welche die vertikalen Inter-Chip-Verbindungen in einer neuartigen 3D Schaltungstechnologie auf ihre Funktionalität zur Datenübertragung überprüft. Die 3D Technologie beruht auf der Stapelung mehrerer aktiver Silizium-CMOS-ICs, welche durch das Siliziumsubstrat hindurch vertikal miteinander elektrisch verbunden sind. Bei diesen Vias sind die zu erwartenden Defekte hochohmige Verbindungen und Kurzschlüsse. Die entwickelte Testschaltung ermöglicht es, beliebige Konstellationen von vertikalen Verbindungen auf Fehler zu untersuchen, und das Ergebnis entweder zur Analyse der 3D Technologie auszulesen oder innerhalb des Chipstapels zu verwenden, um defekte Vias zu umgehen. Die Schaltung wurde in einer 0,13μm Technologie entworfen und simuliert. Ein Testchip ist momentan in Produktion.

Nagelbefall kann bei Patienten mit Psoriasis auf eine Enthesiopathie hinweisen.

Science.gov (United States)

Castellanos-González, Maria; Joven, Beatriz Esther; Sánchez, Julio; Andrés-Esteban, Eva María; Vanaclocha-Sebastián, Francisco; Romero, Pablo Ortiz; Díaz, Raquel Rivera

2016-11-01

Obwohl subklinische Enthesiopathie ein gut etabliertes diagnostisches Merkmal der Psoriasisarthritis (PsA) ist, wird sie häufig übersehen, da viele Patienten asymptomatisch sind. Gäbe es klinische Hinweise auf das Vorliegen einer Enthesiopathie, würde dies den Klinikern die Möglichkeit eröffnen, eine PsA frühzeitig zu diagnostizieren. Es wurde eine monozentrische prospektive Studie mit insgesamt 90 Psoriasis-Patienten durchgeführt, um mittels Ultraschall das Vorliegen von Enthesenanomalien zu untersuchen und eine Korrelation mit dem Befall der Nägel festzustellen. Enthesenanomalien wurden bei 23 Patienten (25,5 %) gefunden, von denen 19 (82,6 %) Nagelbefall aufwiesen. Bei 4 Patienten waren die Nägel nicht betroffen. Enthesiopathie lag bei 31,1 % (19/61) der Patienten mit Onychopathie vor, von den Patienten ohne Nagelbefall litten nur 13,8 % (4/29) an Enthesiopathie (p = 0,07). Zwischen dem Target-NAPSI-Score und dem Vorliegen einer Enthesiopathie bestand eine signifikante Korrelation. Eine signifikante Korrelation bestand darüber hinaus auch zwischen dem Vorliegen einer Enthesiopathie und der Anzahl der betroffenen Nägel (p = 0,035). Klinische Belege für eine Onychopathie können der Schlüssel für die frühe Diagnose einer Enthesiopathie bei Psoriasis-Patienten sein. © 2016 Deutsche Dermatologische Gesellschaft (DDG). Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

First half-barrel of the CMS hadron calorimeter successfully asembled

CERN Multimedia

2001-01-01

The first half barrel of the CMS hadron calorimeter has been assembled in the CMS construction hall in Cessy (neighbouring France), called SX5, in October 2001. The picture sequence shows the insertion of the last (the keystone) wedge. It is lifted up to the top of the structure and carefully inserted into the half barrel. Photos 6 and 7 show the HB- in SX5.

Early stages in the biogenesis of eukaryotic β-barrel proteins.

Science.gov (United States)

Jores, Tobias; Rapaport, Doron

2017-09-01

The endosymbiotic organelles mitochondria and chloroplasts harbour, similarly to their prokaryotic progenitors, β-barrel proteins in their outer membrane. These proteins are encoded on nuclear DNA, translated on cytosolic ribosomes and imported into their target organelles by a dedicated machinery. Recent studies have provided insights into the import into the organelles and the membrane insertion of these proteins. Although the cytosolic stages of their biogenesis are less well defined, it is speculated that upon their synthesis, chaperones prevent β-barrel proteins from aggregation and keep them in an import-competent conformation. In this Review, we summarize the current knowledge about the biogenesis of β-barrel proteins, focusing on the early stages from the translation on cytosolic ribosomes to the recognition on the surface of the organelle. © 2017 Federation of European Biochemical Societies.

High-resolution 2-deoxyglucose mapping of functional cortical columns in mouse barrel cortex.

Science.gov (United States)

McCasland, J S; Woolsey, T A

1988-12-22

Cortical columns associated with barrels in layer IV of the somatosensory cortex were characterized by high-resolution 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) autoradiography in freely behaving mice. The method demonstrates a more exact match between columnar labeling and cytoarchitectonic barrel boundaries than previously reported. The pattern of cortical activation seen with stimulation of a single whisker (third whisker in the middle row of large hairs--C3) was compared with the patterns from two control conditions--normal animals with all whiskers present ("positive control")--and with all large whiskers clipped ("negative control"). Two types of measurements were made from 2DG autoradiograms of tangential cortical sections: 1) labeled cells were identified by eye and tabulated with a computer, and 2) grain densities were obtained automatically with a computer-controlled microscope and image processor. We studied the fine-grained patterns of 2DG labeling in a nine-barrel grid with the C3 barrel in the center. From the analysis we draw five major conclusions. 1. Approximately 30-40% of the total number of neurons in the C3 barrel column are activated when only the C3 whisker is stimulated. This is about twice the number of neurons labeled in the C3 column when all whiskers are stimulated and about ten times the number of neurons labeled when all large whiskers are clipped. 2. There is evidence for a vertical functional organization within a barrel-related whisker column which has smaller dimensions in the tangential direction than a barrel. There are densely labeled patches within a barrel which are unique to an individual cortex. The same patchy pattern is found in the appropriate regions of sections above and below the barrels through the full thickness of the cortex. This functional arrangement could be considered to be a "minicolumn" or more likely a group of "minicolumns" (Mountcastle: In G.M. Edelman and U.B. Mountcastle (eds): The Material Brain: Cortical Organization

"Wikia Search": eine neue Suchmaschine für Bibliotheken

OpenAIRE

Ball, Rafael

2008-01-01

Mit „ Wikia Search" ist seit 2008 eine (weitere) Suchmaschine auf den Markt gekommen. Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht die Möglichkeiten eines allfälligen Zusatznutzens von „ Wikia Search" gegenüber den etablierten Suchmaschinen und legt den Fokus auf die Suchstrategien in Bibliotheken. Die zentrale Fragestellung dabei war es, herauszufinden, wie sich die Suchbedürfnisse von Bibliotheken mit den Möglichkeiten von „ Wikia Search " vereinbaren lassen und ein abschließendes Fazit über die Eignu...

Building CMS Pixel Barrel Detectur Modules

CERN Document Server

König, S; Horisberger, R.; Meier, B.; Rohe, T.; Streuli, S.; Weber, R.; Kastli, H.Chr.; Erdmann, W.

2007-01-01

For the barrel part of the CMS pixel tracker about 800 silicon pixel detector modules are required. The modules are bump bonded, assembled and tested at the Paul Scherrer Institute. This article describes the experience acquired during the assembly of the first ~200 modules.

Construction and Performance of the ATLAS SCT Barrels and Cosmic Tests

CERN Document Server

Demirkoz, Bilge Melahat

2007-01-01

ATLAS is a multi-purpose detector for the LHC and will detect proton-proton collisions with center of mass energy of $14$TeV. Part of the central inner detector, the Semi-Conductor Tracker (SCT) barrels, were assembled and tested at Oxford University and later integrated at CERN with the TRT (Transition Radiation Tracker) barrel. The barrel SCT is composed of 4 layers of silicon strip modules with two sensor layers with $80 \\mu$m channel width. The design of the modules and the barrels has been optimized for low radiation length while maintaining mechanical stability, bringing services to the detector, and ensuring a cold and dry environment. The high granularity, high detector efficiency and low noise occupancy ($ < 5 \\times 10^{-4}$) of the SCT will enable ATLAS to have an efficient pattern recognition capability. Due to the binary nature of the SCT read-out, a stable read-out system and the calibration system is of critical importance. SctRodDaq is the online software framework for the calibration and a...

Vinten exposure measurements of the Salem Unit 1 lower core barrel

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Glennon, P.T.

1988-01-01

On November 6, 1987, the lower core barrel of Salem Unit I was removed from the reactor vessel and placed in the refueling pool as part of the unit's ten year inspection program. This paper deals with the supporting actions of the dosimetry group of PSE ampersand G. Prior to the move of the lower core barrel, Westinghouse predicted dose rates at one foot in water as a function of axial distance along the core barrel. This prediction was used in planning the health physics requirements associated with the move. It was agreed that a measurement of the axial dose rates would either lend confidence to the predictions or identify weaknesses in them

Was macht erfolgreiche Bibliothekspolitik aus? Ein Seminarbericht

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rudolf Mumenthaler

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Im Rahmen eines Seminars an der HTW Chur wurden Möglichkeiten und Grenzen von Bibliothekspolitik in der Schweiz erläutert. Ausgehend von wenigen Fällen, bei denen es zu Protesten oder anderen Aktivitäten gekommen ist, wurden Akteurinnen und Akteure und ihr Einfluss untersucht, mögliche politische Instrumente analysiert und diskutiert, wie sich Bibliotheken aktiv beteiligen können. Im Ergebnis stellte sich heraus, dass Netzwerke in die Gesellschaft und die Politik von grosser Bedeutung sind. Im Falle eines Konflikts (Budgetkürzung, geplante Schliessung etc. kann sich dieses Netzwerk mit Hilfe der geeigneten politischen Instrumente für die Bibliothek einsetzen. Die Mobilisierung der Bevölkerung, die in den untersuchten Fällen klar auf der Seite der Bibliotheksanliegen war, ist dabei ein entscheidender Erfolgsfaktor.

CMS : the first barrel ring completed !

CERN Multimedia

Laurent Guiraud

2000-01-01

On 14 November, the CMS collaboration and the German firm DWE celebrated the successful construction of the detector's first yoke barrel ring. To mark the occasion, those in charge of the construction at CERN and DWE posed for the camera in the middle of the giant component.

Results of 3D photogrammetry on the CMS barrel yoke

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goudard, R.; Humbertclaude, C.; Nummiaro, K.

1999-01-01

The CMS (Compact Muon Solenoid) detector of the new LHC will be built till 2005 at CERN in Geneva. The Barrel Yoke survey has been decided to be done mostly by photogrammetry. After this first measurement, it has been proved that a practical simulation and a study of adapted tools and procedures were helpful for measurement on such a large object. Using only conventional surveying methods would have been impossible with such constraints. The most important points were the high required accuracy compared to the size of the object, the connection of the two planes, the time intervention, the restricted factory environment and the impossibility for having any outside network. The photogrammetric method was considered to be the best way to survey the Barrel Yoke ring. Since the required precision has been reached at all levels with the first full Barrel measurements, the procedure is validated for the four remaining Barrels in the factory and afterwards again at CERN. This project was challenging due to the size of the object, the required accuracy and the lack of practical references in the field of digital industrial photogrammetry. This method is a new step for using the three dimensional photogrammetric measurements on large objects. (authors)

Medienkompetenz multiplizieren? Entwicklung eines Multiplikator/-innenkonzepts im Lehramtsstudium

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Antje Müller

2017-02-01

Full Text Available Zur Förderung von Medienkompetenz und medienpädagogischer Kompetenz in der universitären Lehramtsausbildung wurde an der Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen ein Lehrprojekt initiiert, das an der aktuellen technologischen Ausstattung von deutschen Schulen ansetzt. Als Zugang wurde die Technologie der interaktiven Whitebords gewählt, um gegenwärtige Entwicklungen der Digitalisierung von Unterrichtsräumen zu thematisieren und dabei ausgewählte Aspekte von Medienkompetenz zu fördern. In dem Projekt haben verschiedene Einrichtungen der Universität und der Lehrerbildung kooperiert, um eine Multiplikator/-innenschulung für Studierende zu erarbeiten und zu etablieren. Es wurde eine 28-stündige Qualifizierungsreihe entwickelt, die sich aus modularisierten Workshops zur medientechnischen und -didaktischen Auseinandersetzung mit interaktiven Whiteboards, Elementen der Tutor/-innenausbildung sowie der Erarbeitung eines eigenen Unterrichtsentwurfes zusammensetzt. In dem Artikel werden die entwickelten Module vorgestellt und bewertet, inwieweit sie den von Herzig, Aßmann und Klar (2014 formulierten Zielvorstellungen zur Medienkompetenzförderung für das Lehramtsstudium entsprechen. Im Abgleich mit diesen Zielvorstellungen werden Entwicklungspotentiale des Konzepts identifiziert. Darüber hinaus fliessen Ergebnisse der praktischen Durchführung in Optimierungsvorschläge zur Steigerung der Nachhaltigkeit und Qualität der didaktischen Kompetenzen zum Einsatz von interaktiven Whiteboards in der Lehramtsausbildung – und darüber vermittelt im Schulunterricht – ein.

The CMS Barrel Muon Trigger Upgrade

CERN Document Server

Triossi, Andrea

2017-01-01

ABSTRACT: The increase of luminosity expected by LHC during Phase 1 will impose several constrains for rate reduction while maintaining high efficiency in the CMS Level 1 trigger system. The TwinMux system is the early layer of the muon barrel region that concentrates the information from different subdetectors DT, RPC and HO. It arranges and fan-out the slow optical trigger links from the detector chambers into faster links (10 Gbps) that are sent to the track finders. Results, from collision runs, that confirm the satisfactory operation of the trigger system up to the output of the barrel track finder, will be shown. SUMMARY: In view of the increase of luminosity during phase 1 upgrade of LHC, the muon trigger chain of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment underwent considerable improvements. The muon detector was designed for preserving the complementarity and redundancy of three separate muon detection systems, Cathode Strip Chambers (CSC), Drift Tubes (DT) and Resistive Plate Chambers (RPC), until ...

Tri-Service Green Gun Barrel (PP 1074)

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Rusch, Lawrence F

2003-01-01

...) PP 1074 Tri-Service Green Gun Barrel. The program's goal was to develop an environmentally friendly process for depositing wear and erosion resistant materials onto gun bores replacing the current hazardous aqueous electro-deposition...

Imaging and therapy of a chondroblastoma; Bildgebung und Therapie eines Chondroblastoms

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nickel, J.; Meyer, D.R.; Geufke, P.; Andresen, R. [Krankenhaus Guestrow, Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus der Universitaet Rostock (Germany)

2002-07-01

] Das Chondroblastom ist eine seltene lytische ossaere Laesion, welche typischerweise in den Epiphysen der langen Roehrenknochen zu finden ist. Wir praesentieren die differentialdiagnostische Bildgebung und die opterative Therapie kasuistisch an einem Chondroblastom der proximalen Tibiaepiphyse. In der traumatologischen Ambulanz stellte sich ein 16 jaehriger Patient mit unklarem, seit Monaten zunehmenden Kniegelenksschmerz vor. Ein akutes Trauma war nicht erinnerlich. Zur weiteren Abklaerung erfolgte eine konventionelle Roentgenaufnahme in zwei Ebenen, ein Duennschicht CT, ein multiplanares MRT vor und nach Gd-DTPA und eine 3-Phasen-Skelettszintigrafie. Die konventionelle Roentgendiagnostik zeigt eine glattbegrenzte, osteolytische, exzentrische Laesion mit Randsklerosierung, welche die Epiphysenfuge der proximalen Tibia nicht ueberschreitet. In der Duennschicht-CT findet sich eine exzentrische Osteolyse mit typischen, schmalen Sklerosierungssaum und zentralen Verkalkungen. In der hochaufloesenden MRT zeigen die T2 gewichteten Sequenzen eine lokal begrenzte, epiphysaere, lobulierte Laesion mit einem heterogenen z.T. angehobenen Signal, eine weitere Signalanhebung zeigt sich in den T1 gewichteten Sequenzen nach Gabe von Gd-DTPA. Perifokal findet sich ein epiphysaeres Oedem und diskrete Fluessigkeit im Kniebinnenraum. In der Skelettszintigrafie kommt es zu einer starken fokalen und diffusen Mehrbelegung der proximalen, lateralen Tibiaepiphyse. Nach Diagnosestellung wurde eine Kuerettage des Defektes durchgefuehrt und anschliessend nach histologischer Bestaetigung der Diagnose die komplettierende Kuerettage und Spongiosaplastik vorgenommen. Unter Beruecksichtigung der Tumorlokalisation und des Alters des Patienten laesst sich bereits mit der konventionellen Bildgebung eine praktisch sichere Diagnose stellen. Eine ergaenzende MRT oder CT kann zur endgueltigen Abklaerung hilfreich sein, eine 3-Phasen-Skelettszintigrafie ist ueberfluessig. Die Therapie der Wahl ist die

Vereinbarkeit zwischen Erwerbsarbeit und Familienleben: Eine Frage der Gerechtigkeit

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hohl Sabine

2015-12-01

Full Text Available In diesem Beitrag argumentiere ich, dass die Ermöglichung von Vereinbarkeit zwischen Erwerbsarbeit und Familienleben ein Erfordernis der Gerechtigkeit bildet. Eltern besitzen einen Anspruch auf Vereinbarkeit, der auf zwei Interessen gründet: Dem Interesse am Zugang zur Erwerbstätigkeit und dem Interesse an der Pflege der Eltern-Kind-Beziehung, durch die besondere Güter realisiert werden. Eine staatliche Politik der Vereinbarkeit lässt sich auch gegenüber denjenigen Gruppen rechtfertigen, die kein besonderes Interesse daran haben – gegenüber Erwachsenen, die keine Kinder haben, und gegenüber Eltern, die ein ‚Ernährermodell‘ mit einer klaren Aufgabenteilung zwischen den Partnern bevorzugen. Eine entsprechende Politik muss allerdings die Dimension des Geschlechts beachten, um nicht zu einer Verschärfung der geschlechtsspezifischen Arbeitsteilung zu führen.

Doppler-Ultraschall in der Schilddrüsenabklärung: Eine Übersicht

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Radl I

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Die farbkodierte Dopplersonographie ermöglicht in der Schilddrüsendiagnostik die Quantifizierung der Gewebevaskularisation. Die Diagnose eines Morbus Basedow kann mithilfe der Dopplersonographie aufgrund der eindeutigen Gewebehypervaskularisation praktisch allein getroffen werden und gibt Auskunft über den Therapieerfolg. Entzündliche Veränderungen der Schilddrüse zeigen im Vergleich zum M. Basedow praktisch immer einen geringeren Vaskularisationsgrad. Auch Schilddrüsentumoren zeigen eine vermehrte Vaskularisation. Während Adenome eine perinodale Durchblutung aufweisen, zeigen Karzinome eine Zunahme der zentralen Vaskularisation. Die Dopplersonographie kann zwar eine große Hilfestellung in der Abklärung von Schilddrüsenknoten bieten, eine Differenzierung zwischen benignen und malignen Gewebeveränderungen ist jedoch nicht möglich. Daher ist die ultraschallgezielte Feinnadelpunktion unerlässlich in der präoperativen Abklärung von Schilddrüsenknoten.

Entwurf, Herstellung und Charakterisierung eines mikromechanischen Quecksilbersensors

OpenAIRE

Schambach, Kwan

2003-01-01

In dieser Arbeit wird ein neuartiger Quecksilbersensor vorgestellt, mit dem die Quecksilberkonzentration in der Umgebungsluft gemessen werden kann. Das Meßverfahren dieses Sensors basiert auf der Adsorption von elementarem Quecksilberdampf auf dünnen Goldschichten. Bei der Begasung der Goldschicht mit Quecksilberdampf bildet sich an der Goldoberfläche Goldamalgam. Dieser Vorgang hat eine Widerstandsänderung der Goldschicht zur Folge. Der Sensor ist in Silizium-Mikromechanik aufgebaut. Neu an ...

Die Grundlagen der Arithmetik. Eine logisch mathematische Untersuchung über den Begriff der Zahl

OpenAIRE

Frege, Gottlob

1996-01-01

Auf die Frage, was die Zahl Eins sei, oder was das Zeichen 1 bedeute, wird man meistens die Antwort erhalten: nun, ein Ding. Und wenn man dann darauf aufmerksam macht, dass der Satz "die Zahl Eins ist ein Ding" keine Definition ist, weil auf der einen Seite der bestimmte Artikel, auf der andern der unbestimmte steht, dass er nur besagt, die Zahl Eins gehöre zu den Dingen, aber nicht, welches Ding sie sei, so wird man vielleicht aufgefordert, sich irgendein Ding zu wählen, das man Eins nenn...

Evolutions of volatile sulfur compounds of Cabernet Sauvignon wines during aging in different oak barrels.

Science.gov (United States)

Ye, Dong-Qing; Zheng, Xiao-Tian; Xu, Xiao-Qing; Wang, Yun-He; Duan, Chang-Qing; Liu, Yan-Lin

2016-07-01

The evolution of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) in Cabernet Sauvignon wines from seven regions of China during maturation in oak barrels was investigated. The barrels were made of different wood grains (fine and medium) and toasting levels (light and medium). Twelve VSCs were quantified by GC/FPD, with dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and methionol exceeding their sensory thresholds. Most VSCs tended to decline during the aging, while DMS was found to increase. After one year aging, the levels of DMS, 2-methyltetrahy-drothiophen-3-one and sulfur-containing esters were lower in the wines aged in oak barrels than in stainless steel tanks. The wood grain and toasting level of oak barrels significantly influenced the concentration of S-methyl thioacetate and 2-methyltetrahy-drothiophen-3-one. This study reported the evolution of VSCs in wines during oak barrel aging for the first time and evaluated the influence of barrel types, which would provide wine-makers with references in making proposals about wine aging. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Cosmic tests and performance of the ATLAS SemiConductor Tracker Barrels

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Demirkoez, Bilge M.

2007-01-01

ATLAS is a multi-purpose particle detector for the LHC and will detect proton collisions with center of mass energy of 14TeV. Part of the central inner detector, the SemiConductor Tracker (SCT) barrel, is now fully integrated with the Transition Radiation Tracker (TRT) barrel. The SCT module performance has been measured after module production, after macro-assembly of modules onto barrels, after arrival at CERN and again partially after integration with the TRT. The module noise average per channel has been stable and is 4.5x10 -5 , well below the design specification of 5x10 -4 . There is no evidence for common mode noise problems and 99.8% of the 3.2 million channels of the SCT barrels are functional. The cosmics running of the SCT and TRT was the first large scale test of the physics mode of the SCT online software framework. A large sector, 468 SCT modules, has been timed in and read out during the cosmic tests. Tracks have been reconstructed through the SCT and the TRT sectors. Present residuals from tracks (without alignment) are better than the specified building tolerances of the SCT

Development, design and optimization of a novel endcap DIRC for PANDA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Merle, Oliver

2014-12-01

PANDA, an experiment at the upcoming FAIR facility in Germany, aims at hadron spectroscopy with high precision and rate by exploiting gluon-rich proton-antiproton collisions at momenta from 1.5 GeV/c to 15 GeV/c. Almost 4π coverage by all detector components is a prerequisite to realize this goal. The objective of this thesis is the system design of a novel type of DIRC Cherenkov detector for particle identification at the forward endcap of the PANDA target spectrometer. A key feature of this detector is its compact, planar design which occupies less than 5 cm in beam direction at the acceptance region (θ<22 ) and ∝20 cm at the outer rim where single-photon imaging cameras are located. After the definition of system requirements, the system has been dissected into individual logical components. For each component, possible hardware and design options have been identified, analyzed and evaluated for compliance with the requirements and their impact on the system performance. The optical system and sensor layout have been optimized to compromise complexity and performance, leading to a highly modular detector setup. The resulting definition of the design comprises the specification of the optical setup, the photosensor and the front-end electronics. Further, a concept for the implementation of the pattern reconstruction algorithm for online reconstruction has been proposed. The novel concept also required the development of dedicated particle identification algorithms which permit the efficient analysis of the measured time-correlated photon patterns. These algorithms have been tested with signals generated by means of time-based Monte Carlo simulations which resemble the time characteristics of the quasi-continuous interaction at the highest rate expected at PANDA. The resulting performance estimations predict a π/K-separation up to 4σ at 4 GeV/c.

Assembly of a Full-Scale External Tank Barrel Section Using Friction Stir Welding

Science.gov (United States)

Jones, Chip; Adams, Glynn

1999-01-01

A full-scale pathfinder barrel section of the External Tank for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Space Transport System (Space Shuttle) has been assembled at Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) via a collaborative effort between NASA/MSFC and Lockheed Martin Michoud Space Systems. The barrel section is 27.5 feet in diameter and 15 feet in height. The barrel was assembled using Super-Light-Weight (SLWT), orthogrid, Al-Li 2195 panel sections and a single longeron panel. A vertical weld tool at MSFC was modified to accommodate FSW and used to assemble the barrel. These modifications included the addition of a FSW weld head and new controller hardware and software, the addition of a backing anvil and the replacement of the clamping system with individually actuated clamps. Weld process 4evelopment was initially conducted to optimize the process for the welds required for completing the assembly. The variable thickness welds in the longeron section were conducted via both two-sided welds and with the use of a retractable pin tool. The barrel assembly was completed in October 1998. Details of the vertical weld tool modifications and the assembly process are presented.

Eine neue Tornaria aus dem Ostindischen Archipel (Tornaria Sunieri)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Stiasny, G.

1921-01-01

Da aus dem malayischen Archipel durch die Siboga-Monographie Spengels (2) zwar eine Anzahl Enteropneusten, jedoch nur eine einzige Tornaria bekannt worden ist, war anzunehmen, dass noch andere Tornarien in diesem Gebiete nachzuweisen sein würden. Von dieser Erwartung ausgehend wandte ich mich an

Study and analysis for the flow-induced vibration of the core barrel of a PWR

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yao Weida; Shi Guolin; Jiang Nanyan

1989-01-01

The resemblance criteria are derived and a test model is designed by applying the flow-soild coupling theory. After having completed the model analysis of the pressurized water reactor (PWR) core barrel in an 1:10 model, the dynamic characteristics are obtained. In an 1:5 reactor model with a hydraulic closed loop, the hydraulic vibration tests of the core barrel are performed, and the relations between the flow rate and the flow-induced pulse pressure on core barrel, acceleration and strain signals have been measured. The corresponding responses and a group of computational equations for hydraulic vibration are derived from these two experiments. The computational hydraulic vibration responses for core barrel in Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant are in good agreement with the test results, and it shows that the core barrel is safe within its lifetime of 30 years

Merkmals- und Prototypensemantik: Eine Einführung

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Bärenfänger, Olaf

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Traditional componential semantics are faced with various problems in adequately describing the meaning of a word. Therefore, this contribution presents the prototype theory as a fruitful approach for the description and explanation of many phenomena in the field of lexical semantics. Starting out from a large body of empirical results, it is discussed how prototype theory conceives lexical categories and meaning or concepts respectively. Important properties of a category are fuzzy boundaries as well as that particular elements can be viewed as differently typical for a category. The degree to which an element belongs to a category is defined in terms of typical features, whereby the most central element is called "prototype" and possesses the greatest possible number of typical features. Unlike traditional componential semantics, family resemblance relations determine which elements belong to a particular category, i.e. not all elements have to share the same necessary features, but at least one typical one. Subsequent to the description of these theorems consequences for argumentation theory, lexicography and the formation of linguistic theories are discussed as well as critical aspects of the prototype theory. After an enumeration of some research desiderata a concluding chapter gives a short summary and names the most impressive achievements of this increasingly influential research paradigm. Angesichts der verschiedenen Schwierigkeiten traditioneller Merkmalssemantiken, die Bedeutung eines Wortes angemessen zu beschreiben, wird mit der Prototypentheorie im vorliegenden Beitrag eine Konzeption vorgestellt, die möglicherweise vielversprechende Lösungsansätze bereithält. Ausgehend von empirischen Befunden wird diskutiert, wie lexikalische Kategorien resp. Bedeutungen oder Begriffe von der Prototypentheorie konzipiert worden sind. Als wesentliche Kategorieneigenschaften spielen hierbei insbesondere unscharfe Kategoriengrenzen eine Rolle

Ein Lehrbuch über Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie – Geschlechtsunterschiede unter der Lupe?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Isabella Heuser

2007-07-01

Full Text Available Anke Rohde und Andreas Marneros haben sich ein hohes Ziel gesetzt: ein übersichtliches Lehrbuch für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, das erstmals eine systematische Zusammenstellung des Wissens über geschlechtsspezifische Aspekte von Symptomatologie, Epidemiologie, Diagnostik, Pharmakotherapie und Psychotherapie psychischer Störungen enthält. Bemerkenswert ist dabei zweierlei: Erstens werden bei der Betrachtung geschlechtsspezifischer Unterschiede im Sinne der Genderforschung Frauen und Männer berücksichtigt, zweitens wird ein vollständiger Überblick sowohl über die häufigen und bekannten psychischen Störungen als auch die äußerst seltenen psychiatrischen Erkrankungen der gesamten Altersspanne gegeben. Wenngleich die Qualität der einzelnen Beiträge deutlich zwischen sehr differenzierter und leider auch für ein Handbuch eindeutig zu oberflächlicher Betrachtung variiert, liegt in dem Band ein weitgehend informatives Nachschlagewerk vor, das einen ersten Überblick über die geschlechtsspezifische Psychiatrie gibt.

LHC-rate beam test of CMS pixel barrel modules

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Erdmann, W.; Hoermann, Ch.; Kotlinski, D.; Horisberger, R.; Kaestli, H. Chr.; Gabathuler, K.; Bertl, W.; Meier, B.; Langenegger, U.; Trueeb, P.; Rohe, T.

2007-01-01

Modules for the CMS pixel barrel detector have been operated in a high rate pion beam at PSI in order to verify under LHC-like conditions the final module design for the production. The test beam provided charged particle rates up to 10 8 cm -2 s -1 over the full module area. Bunch structure and randomized high trigger rates simulated realistic operation. A four layer telescope made of single pixel readout chip assemblies provided tracking needed for the determination of the modules hit reconstruction efficiency. The performance of the modules has been shown to be adequate for the CMS pixel barrel

A scintillating fibre detector for the Crystal Barrel experiment at ELSA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Suft, G.; Anton, G.; Bogendoerfer, R.; Ehmanns, A.; Foesel, A.; Hoessl, J.; Kalinowsky, H.; Kueppersbusch, C.; Walther, D.

2005-01-01

A scintillating fibre detector with high spatial granularity was built for the Crystal Barrel experiment at ELSA (CB-ELSA) in Bonn. It consists of 513 scintillating fibres with 2mm in diameter, arranged in three layers with cylindrical geometry inside the Crystal Barrel detector surrounding the target cell. Two layers are wound in opposite directions, the third is parallel to the incident beam direction, resulting in an unambiguous hit reconstruction and a position resolution better than 1.6mm for charged particles. The read-out is done with 16-channel multi-anode photomultipliers. The detector was designed to cover the full angular acceptance of the Crystal Barrel detector with an angular range of 12 deg. ≤θ = 168 deg. and 0 deg. ≤φ≤360 deg. in the lab frame

ATLAS Barrel Toroid magnet reached nominal field

CERN Multimedia

2006-01-01

 On 9 November the barrel toroid magnet reached its nominal field of 4 teslas, with an electrical current of 21 000 amperes (21 kA) passing through the eight superconducting coils as shown on this graph

Einfluss eines nanogefüllten Schutzlackes auf das Ermüdungsverhalten eines Glasionomerzementes in destilliertem Wasser und künstlichem Speichel

OpenAIRE

Knöllinger, Melissa

2012-01-01

Hintergrund und Ziele Glasionomerzemente (GIZ) sind in der Zahnmedizin seit Jahrzehnten ein bewährtes Füllungsmaterial. Die Sprödigkeit des Materials resultiert allerdings in mangelnder mechanischer Stabilität, welches die Indikationen bisher auf nicht lasttragende Bereiche im bleibenden Gebiss limitiert. Ein neuartiger, mit Nanopartikeln (kolloidales Siliziumdioxid)angereicherter, lichtpolymerisierbarer Schutzlack (G-Coat Plus), ergibt zusammen mit einem stopfbaren Glasionomerzement (Fuji IX...

ATLAS TRT Barrel in Test Beam

CERN Multimedia

Luehring, F

In July, the TRT group made a highly successful test of 6 Barrel TRT modules in the ATLAS H8 testbeam. Over 3000 TRT straw tubes (4 mm diameter gas drift tubes) were instrumented and found to operate well. The prototype represents 1/16 of the ATLAS TRT barrel and was assembled from TRT modules produced as spares. This was the largest scale test of the TRT to this date and the measured detector performance was as good as or better than what was expected in all cases. The 2004 TRT testbeam setup before final cabling was attached. The readout chain and central DAQ system used in the TRT testbeam is a final prototype for the ATLAS experiment. The TRT electronics used to read out the data were: The Amplifier/Shaper/Discriminator with Baseline Restoration (ASDBLR) chip is the front-end analog chip that shapes and discriminates the electronic pulses generated by the TRT straws. The Digital Time Measurement Read Out Chip (DTMROC) measures the time of the pulse relative to the beam crossing time. The TRT-ROD ...

Cosmic Ray Data in TRT Barrel

CERN Multimedia

M. Hance

"I had a great day in August when I went into SR1," said Daniel Froidevaux, former project leader of the ATLAS Transition Radiation Tracker, "not only had all SCT barrels arrived at CERN, but there were cosmic ray tracks seen in the TRT!" Daniel's excitement was mirrored by the rest of the TRT collaboration when, on July 29, the first cosmic ray tracks were seen in the barrel. Along with many others in the community, Daniel was quick to point out that this is the cumulative result of years of R&D, test beam work, and an intense installation and integration schedule. Indeed, the cosmic ray readout is only possible through the coordination of many efforts, from detector mechanics to module assembly, power and high voltage control, cooling, gas systems, electronics and cabling, data acquisition, and monitoring. "Many people have worked very hard on the the TRT, some of them for more than 10 years," said Brig Williams, the leader of the UPenn group responsible for much of the TRT front end electronics. He ...

Untersuchung eines breitbandigen Koaxial-Hohlleiterübergangs für einen Schottky-Strahldiagnosedetektor

CERN Document Server

Ehret, M; Wendt, M

In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde ein Koaxial-Hohlleiterübergang im Mikrowellenbereich (4.8 GHz) untersucht und verbessert. Diese Kopplung ist eine der Schlüsselstellen des sogenannten „Schottky-Detektors“. Dieser Detektor befindet sich innerhalb des Teilchenbeschleunigers des Large Hadron Colliders am CERN. Während der Arbeit wurden verschiedene Untersuchungen am Detektor durchgeführt und anhand der ermittelten Ergebnisse eine veränderte Kopplerstruktur entwickelt. Diese Struktur wurde zuerst anhand von verschiedenen Modellen in einer elektromagnetischen Feldsimulation überprüft und mit Hilfe verschiedener Algorithmen verifiziert. Im nächsten Schritt wurde ein Testaufbau entwickelt, mit dem eine Überprüfung und eine abschließende Betrachtung der Ergebnisse möglich war. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass mit der neu entwickelten Struktur die Kopplereigenschaften wesentlich verbessert und die Zielvorgaben sogar deutlich übertroffen wurden.

Effect analysis of core barrel openings under CEFR normal condition

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang Yabo; Yang Hongyi

2008-01-01

Openings on the bottom of core barrel are important part of the decay heat removal system of China Experimental Fast Reactor (CEFR), which are designed to discharge the decay heat from reactor under accident condition. This paper analyses the effect of the openings design on the normal operation condition using the famouse CFD code CFX. The result indicates that the decay heat can be discharged safely and at the same time the effect of core barrel openings on the normal operation condition is acceptable. (authors)

Strategische Beschaffung: Grundlagen, Planung und Umsetzung eines integrierten Supply Management

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van Weele, A.J.; Eßig, M.

2017-01-01

Dieses Buch bietet – erstmalig in deutscher Übersetzung – eine umfassende und sehr anschauliche Darstellung zu Grundlagen, Planung und Umsetzung einer modernen Beschaffungsfunktion. Beschaffung und Supply Management werden dabei als wesentliches Bindeglied innerhalb des Managementsystems eines

Effect of Friction on Barreling during cold Upset Forging of Aluminium 6082 Alloy Solid cylinders

Science.gov (United States)

Priyadarshini, Amrita; Kiran, C. P.; Suresh, K.

2018-03-01

Friction is one of the significant factors in forging operations since it affects metal flow in the die, forming load, strain distribution, tool and die life, surface quality of the product etc. In upset forging, the frictional forces at the die-workpiece interface oppose the outward flow of the material due to which the specimen develops a barrel shape. As a result, the deformation becomes non-uniform or inhomogeneous which is undesirable. Barreling can be reduced by applying effective lubricant on the surface of the platens. The objective of the present work is to study experimentally the effect of various frictional conditions (dry, grease, mineral oil) on barreling during upset forging of aluminum 6082 solid cylinders of different aspect ratio (length/diameter: 0.5, 0.75, 1). The friction coefficients are determined using the ring compression test. Curvature of barrel is determined based on the assumption that the curvature of the barrel follows the geometry of circular arc.

Synthese von analogen Filtern auf einer rekonfigurierbaren Hardware-Architektur mittels eines Genetischen Algorithmus

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

S. Trendelenburg

2008-05-01

Full Text Available Rekonfigurierbare Analog-Arrays (FPAAs sind der Versuch, die Vorteile der aus der digitalen Welt bekannten FPGAs (Flexibilität, Entwurfsgeschwindigkeit auch für analoge Anwendungen verfügbar zu machen. Aufgrund der Vielfalt der analogen Schaltungstechnik ist die Abbildung von vorgegebenen Schaltungskonzepten auf eine FPAA-Architektur nicht immer einfach lösbar.

Diese Arbeit stellt einen neuen Ansatz für die Synthese von Filtern auf einer FPAA-Architektur für zeitkontinuierliche Analogfilter mittels eines Genetischen Algorithmus (GA vor. Anhand eines Matlab-Modells des FPAA, das eine gute übereinstimmung mit Simulationen des FPAA auf Transistorebene aufweist, wurde gezeigt, dass eine große Vielzahl verschiedener Filterstrukturen auf dieser Architektur dargestellt werden kann. Daraufhin wurde ein Genetischer Algorithmus entwickelt, der es erlaubt, aus einer gegebenen Filterspezifikation Konfigurationsdatensätze zu synthetisieren, die den gewünschten Filter auf die FPAA-Architektur abbilden.

Fabrication and Tests of M240 Machine Gun Barrels Lined with Stellite 25

Science.gov (United States)

2016-04-01

ARL-TR-7662 ● APR 2016 US Army Research Laboratory Fabrication and Tests of M240 Machine Gun Barrels Lined with Stellite 25...Fabrication and Tests of M240 Machine Gun Barrels Lined with Stellite 25 by William S de Rosset and Sean Fudger Weapons and Materials Research...

Study and analysis on the flow induced vibration of the core barrel of PWR

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yao Weida; Shi Guolin; Jiang Nanyan; Peng YongYong; Zhang Huijun; Wang Yufen; Xie Yongcheng; Guo Chunhua; Shen Qinping

1989-01-01

The deduction of the resemblance criterion and the design of the test model by applying flow-solid coupling theory are described. The model analysis of a core barrel both in the air and stationary water were performed in a 1:10 model, thus obtaining the dynamic characteristic. In a 1:5 reactor model with a hydraulic closed loop, the inner structure and support were modeled for performing hydraulic closed loop, the inner structure and support were modeled for performing hydraulic vibration test of the core barrel. The flow induced pulse pressure of the core barrel and corresponding response were obtained by using miniature pressure capsule, strain gauge and accelerometer. Power spectrum, correlation functions, transfer function and amplitudes under different flow velocities were calculated. The hydraulic vibration test shows that the core barrel will be in safety during its 30-year life time

Review: Eine Replik auf: Schmitt, Rudolf (2011. Review Essay: Rekonstruktive und andere Metaphernanalysen

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jan Kruse

2012-03-01

Full Text Available udolf SCHMITT ist unbestreitbar ein fundierter Experte im deutschsprachigen Raum im Hinblick auf eine umfassende und fokussierte Metaphernanalyse als ein spezifisches Verfahren der Analyse qualitativer Daten. Mit seiner in FQS erschienenen Rezension zu unserem Buch "Metaphernanalyse. Ein rekonstruktiver Ansatz" wird dies abermals deutlich. SCHMITT ordnet unser Verfahren zur rekonstruktiven Metaphernanalyse in andere sozialwissenschaftliche Metaphernanalysen ein und versucht auf dieser Grundlage, Vor- und Nachteile unseres metaphernanalytischen Zugangs hervorzuheben. Ausgehend von diesem Vergleichshorizont gelingt ihm die Besprechung eines grundlegenden Buches zur Einführung in die sozialwissenschaftliche Metaphernanalyse – welches unser Buch aber weder ist noch vorgibt zu sein. Wir begrüßen seine breit gefächerte Auswahl sozialwissenschaftlicher metaphernanalytischer Zugänge, glauben aber, dass die Zielsetzungen unseres Ansatzes (und unseres Buches in seinem Review-Essay zu sehr in den Hintergrund treten. Wir haben uns daher zu dieser Replik entschlossen, um die "sozialwissenschaftliche Metaphernanalyse" weiter in einem diskursiven Prozess zu halten. URN: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs1202102

Modeling two-phase flow in barrels of weapons with combined charges

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nebojša P. Hristov

2011-10-01

Full Text Available The processes occurring during the firing within barrels of weapons with combined charges are described aiming at the improvement of fire power of existing weapons and the design of new ones. The firing process simulation enables the optimization of gunpowders. The analysis of the obtained results helps in choosing the best combination of input-output parameters for the highest muzzle velocity possible while keeping powder gas maximum pressures inside the barrel at the lowest possible level.

Distributed Wireless Monitoring System for Ullage and Temperature in Wine Barrels

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Wenqi; Skouroumounis, George K.; Monro, Tanya M.; Taylor, Dennis K.

2015-01-01

This paper presents a multipurpose and low cost sensor for the simultaneous monitoring of temperature and ullage of wine in barrels in two of the most important stages of winemaking, that being fermentation and maturation. The distributed sensor subsystem is imbedded within the bung of the barrel and runs on battery for a period of at least 12 months and costs around $27 AUD for all parts. In addition, software was designed which allows for the remote transmission and easy visual interpretation of the data for the winemaker. Early warning signals can be sent when the temperature or ullage deviates from a winemakers expectations so remedial action can be taken, such as when topping is required or the movement of the barrels to a cooler cellar location. Such knowledge of a wine’s properties or storage conditions allows for a more precise control of the final wine quality. PMID:26266410

Forming H-shaped and barrel-shaped nebulae with interacting jets

Science.gov (United States)

Akashi, Muhammad; Bear, Ealeal; Soker, Noam

2018-04-01

We conduct three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations of two opposite jets with large opening angles launched from a binary stellar system into a previously ejected shell and show that the interaction can form barrel-like and H-like shapes in the descendant nebula. Such features are observed in planetary nebulae (PNe) and supernova remnants. Under our assumption, the dense shell is formed by a short instability phase of the giant star as it interacts with a stellar companion, and the jets are then launched by the companion as it accretes mass through an accretion disc from the giant star. We find that the H-shaped and barrel-shaped morphological features that the jets form evolve with time, and that there are complicated flow patterns, such as vortices, instabilities, and caps moving ahead along the symmetry axis. We compare our numerical results with images of 12 PNe, and show that jet-shell interaction that we simulate can account for the barrel-like or H-like morphologies that are observed in these PNe.

Installation of CMS EB (ECAL Barrel) Supermodules 5 and 13 inside HB+ (HCAL Barrel) on 26/27 April 2006

CERN Multimedia

Ken Bell, RAL

2006-01-01

The first two barrel "supermodules" of the CMS Electromagnetic Calorimeter (ECAL) have been inserted into the barrel hadron calorimeter (HCAL) in the CMS experimental hall (called SX5) in Cessy in preparation for the forthcoming magnet test and cosmic challenge (MTCC). Each of the two supermodules contains 1700 lead tungstate crystals in glass-fibre alveolar support structures, with associated avalanche photodiodes (APDs, for scintillation light detection), electronics and cooling system. See also the document CMS-PHO-OREACH-2006-019. The first two pictures show the two supermodules in their final position. Fig. 3: the "enfourneur" in position on the HB Cradle. Fig. 4: supermodule n. 5 and extension rails being lifted to the enforneur. Figs. 5-6: supermodule approaching the enforneur. Fig. 7: rotating the Enfourneur to the correct phi direction Figs. 8-9: aligning the extension rails with the rails inside HB and view from inside HB, once the rails are aligned. Figs. 10-12: insertion of supermodule n. 5. Fig. ...

Die App „Weltbrand 1914“ der SUB Hamburg – Ein Werkstattbericht

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Markus Trapp

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Wie kommt eine wissenschaftliche Bibliothek  dazu, eine App entwickeln zu lassen, auf der 100 Jahre alte Zeitungsseiten der Hamburger Nachrichten gelesen werden können, in denen auf Volltextebene recherchiert werden kann und die einen Einblick in Fotos gibt, die zu Beginn des Ersten Weltkrieges veröffentlicht wurden? Wie ist die Vorgeschichte der Tablet-App für iOS und Android, wie ist die SUB Hamburg an diese Aufgabe herangegangen und wie hat sie das Projekt zusammen mit dem Hamburger Softwareunternehmen CCS realisiert? Auf diese Fragen gibt der folgende Werkstattbericht eine Antwort und liefert auch ein erstes persönliches Zwischenfazit von einem der Projektbeteiligten.

Quantitative/Statistical Approach to Bullet-to-Firearm Identification with Consecutively Manufactured Barrels

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Peter Striupaitis; R.E. Gaensslen

2005-01-30

Efforts to use objective image comparison and bullet scanning technologies to distinguish bullets from consecutively manufactured handgun barrels from two manufacturers gave mixed results. The ability of a technology to reliably distinguish between matching and non-matching bullets, where the non-matching bullets were as close in pattern to the matching ones as is probably possible, would provide evidence that the distinctions could be made ''objectively'', and independently of human eyes. That evidence is identical or very close to what seems to be needed to satisfy Daubert standards. It is fair to say that the FTI IBIS image comparison technology correctly distinguished between all the Springfield barrel bullets, and between most but not all of the HiPoint barrel bullets. In the HiPoint cases that were not distinguished 100% of the time, they would he distinguished correctly at least 83% of the time. These results, although obviously limited to the materials used in the comparisons, provide strong evidence that barrel-to-bullet matching is objectively reliable. The results with SciClops were less compelling. The results do not mean that bullet-to-barrel matching is not objectively reliable--rather, they mean that this version of the particular technology could not quite distinguish between these extremely similar yet different bullets as well as the image comparison technology did. In a number of cases, the numerical results made the correct distinctions, although they were close to one another. It is hard to say from this data that this technology differs in its ability to make distinctions between the manufacturers, because the results are very similar with both. The human examiner results were as expected. We did not expect any misidentifications, and there were not any. It would have been preferable to have a higher return rate, and thus more comparisons in the overall sample. As noted, the ''consecutively manufactured barrel

Brain-wide map of efferent projections from rat barrel cortex

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Izabela M. Zakiewicz

2014-02-01

Full Text Available The somatotopically organized whisker barrel field of the rat primary somatosensory (S1 cortex is a commonly used model system for anatomical and physiological investigations of sensory processing. The neural connections of the barrel cortex have been extensively mapped. But most investigations have focused on connections to limited regions of the brain, and overviews in the literature of the connections across the brain thus build on a range of material from different laboratories, presented in numerous publications. Furthermore, given the limitations of the conventional journal article format, analyses and interpretations are hampered by lack of access to the underlying experimental data. New opportunities for analyses have emerged with the recent release of an online resource of experimental data consisting of collections of high-resolution images from 6 experiments in which anterograde tracers were injected in S1 whisker or forelimb representations. Building on this material, we have conducted a detailed analysis of the brain wide distribution of the efferent projections of the rat barrel cortex. We compare our findings with the available literature and reports accumulated in the Brain Architecture Management System (BAMS2 database. We report well-known and less known intracortical and subcortical projections of the barrel cortex, as well as distinct differences between S1 whisker and forelimb related projections. Our results correspond well with recently published overviews, but provide additional information about relative differences among S1 projection targets. Our approach demonstrates how collections of shared experimental image data are suitable for brain-wide analysis and interpretation of connectivity mapping data.

Environmental offences in 1995. An evaluation of statistics; Umweltdelikte 1995. Eine Auswertung der Statistiken

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Goertz, M.; Werner, J.; Sanchez de la Cerda, J.; Schwertfeger, C.; Winkler, K.

1997-06-01

This publication deals with the execution of environmental criminal law. On the basis of police and judicial statistics it is pointed out how often an environmental criminal offence was at least suspected by the police or law courts, how they reacted to their suspicion, which individual environmental criminal offences were committed particularly frequently, and what segment of the population the typical perpetrator belonged to. (orig./SR) [Deutsch] Mit der vorliegenden Schrift soll ein Blick auf den Vollzug des Umweltstrafrechts geworfen werden. Auf der Basis der Polizei- und Gerichtsstatistiken wird dargelegt, wie oft bei diesen Stellen mindestens der Verdacht einer Umweltstraftat bestand, wie auf diesen Verdacht reagiert wurde, welche einzelnen Umweltstraftaten besonders haeufig registriert wurden und aus welchem Personenkreis der tpische Taeter stammt. (orig./SR)

Energy calibration of the barrel calorimeter of the CMD-3 detector

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anisenkov, A.V.; Aulchenko, V.M.; Bashtovoy, N.S.; Bondar, A.E.; Grebenuk, A.A.; Epifanov, D.A.; Epshteyn, L.B.; Erofeev, A.L.; Kovalenko, O.A.; Kozyrev, A.N.; Kuzmin, A.S.; Mikhailov, K.Yu.; Logashenko, I.B.; Razuvaev, G.P.; Ruban, A.A.; Shebalin, V.E.; Shwartz, B.A.; Talyshev, A.A.; Titov, V.M.; Yudin, Yu.V.

2017-01-01

The VEPP-2000 e + e − collider has been operated in the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics since 2010. Experiments are carried out with two detectors CMD-3 and SND. The calorimetry at the CMD-3 detector is based on three subsystems, two coaxial barrel calorimeters—Liquid Xenon calorimeter and crystal CsI calorimeter, and end cap calorimeter with BGO crystals. This paper describes the procedures of the energy calibration of the combined barrel calorimeter of the CMD-3 detector.

The OPAL muon barrel detector

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Akers, R.J.; Allison, J.; Ashton, P.; Bahan, G.A.; Baines, J.T.M.; Banks, J.N.; Barlow, R.J.; Barnett, S.; Beeston, C.; Chrin, J.T.M.; Clowes, S.G.; Davies, O.W.; Duerdoth, I.P.; Hinde, P.S.; Hughes-Jones, R.E.; Lafferty, G.D.; Loebinger, F.K.; Macbeth, A.A.; McGowan, R.F.; Moss, M.W.; Murphy, P.G.; Nijjhar, B.; O'Dowd, A.J.P.; Pawley, S.J.; Phillips, P.D.; Richards, G.E.; Skillman, A.; Stephens, K.; Tresillian, N.J.; Wood, N.C.; Wyatt, T.R.

1995-01-01

The barrel part of the OPAL muon detector consists of 110 drift chambers forming four layers outside the hadron absorber. Each chamber covers an area of 1.2 m by up to 10.4 m and has two cells with wires parallel to the beam and a drift distance of 297 mm. A detailed description of the design, construction, operation and performance of the sub-detector is given. The system has been operating successfully since the start of LEP in 1989. ((orig.))

Kyphoplasty - Vertebroplasty. A critical assessment; Kyphoplastie - Vertebroplastie. Eine kritische Standortbestimmung

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kasperk, C. [Medizinische Universitaetsklinik Heidelberg, Sektion Osteologie, Heidelberg (Germany)

2015-10-15

Painful vertebral compression fractures. Analgesia. Osteoplastic procedures, such as kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty. Anamnestic and radiological associations of clinical complaints with the radiomorphological findings of vertebral compression fractures are required for an adequate consideration to assess whether an osteoplastic procedure should be carried out. A computed tomography (CT) scan allows a reliable judgement whether an osteoplastic procedure is technically feasible and promising to improve the local vertebral fracture-associated pain. Prospective controlled trials have demonstrated a satisfactory improvement of back pain associated with vertebral fractures and parameters of quality of life by osteoplastic interventions. No prospective, truly sham-controlled blind trials are currently available which demonstrate an advantage of osteoplastic interventions compared to standard pain treatment; however, the currently published prospective controlled trials show a satisfactory pain reduction by osteoplastic interventions, such as kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty. Painful vertebral fractures and progressive loss of vertebral height of compression fractures should be evaluated in an interdisciplinary team consisting of radiologists, spinal surgeons and internists to assess whether an osteoplastic procedure is technically feasible and promising to improve local pain and immobility associated with vertebral fractures. (orig.) [German] Schmerzhafte Wirbelkoerpersinterungsfraktur. Schmerztherapie. Osteoplastische Verfahren wie die Kyphoplastie und die Vertebroplastie. Anamnestische und bildgebende (moeglichst CT) Assoziation der klinischen Beschwerden (Hauptschmerzbereich) mit dem radiologischen Befund eines eingebrochenen Wirbelkoerpers. Das CT gestattet am zuverlaessigsten eine Beurteilung der technischen Durchfuehrbarkeit eines osteoplastischen Verfahrens bei einer Wirbelkoerpersinterungsfraktur. Kontrollierte prospektive Studien belegen die schmerzreduzierende

Experimental investigation on shore hardness of barrel-finished ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Rupinder Singh

2017-08-02

Aug 2, 2017 ... Barrel finishing (BF) process is widely used to improve the surface finish and dimensional features of metallic and ... plastic-based waste can be easily recycled. However .... The pattern prepared with solid density has a dense.

Late emergence of the vibrissa direction selectivity map in the rat barrel cortex.

Science.gov (United States)

Kremer, Yves; Léger, Jean-François; Goodman, Dan; Brette, Romain; Bourdieu, Laurent

2011-07-20

In the neocortex, neuronal selectivities for multiple sensorimotor modalities are often distributed in topographical maps thought to emerge during a restricted period in early postnatal development. Rodent barrel cortex contains a somatotopic map for vibrissa identity, but the existence of maps representing other tactile features has not been clearly demonstrated. We addressed the issue of the existence in the rat cortex of an intrabarrel map for vibrissa movement direction using in vivo two-photon imaging. We discovered that the emergence of a direction map in rat barrel cortex occurs long after all known critical periods in the somatosensory system. This map is remarkably specific, taking a pinwheel-like form centered near the barrel center and aligned to the barrel cortex somatotopy. We suggest that this map may arise from intracortical mechanisms and demonstrate by simulation that the combination of spike-timing-dependent plasticity at synapses between layer 4 and layer 2/3 and realistic pad stimulation is sufficient to produce such a map. Its late emergence long after other classical maps suggests that experience-dependent map formation and refinement continue throughout adult life.

Iron Blocks of CMS Magnet Barrel Yoke.

CERN Multimedia

2000-01-01

On the occasion of presenting the CMS Award 2000 to Deggendorfer Werft und Eisenbau GmbH the delivered blocks were inspected at CERN Point 5. From left to right: H. Gerwig (CERN, CMS Magnet Barrel Yoke Coordinator), G. Waurick (CERN), F. Leher (DWE, Project Engineer) and W. Schuster (DWE, Project Manager).

Geometrical principles of homomeric β-barrels and β-helices: Application to modeling amyloid protofilaments.

Science.gov (United States)

Hayward, Steven; Milner-White, E James

2017-10-01

Examples of homomeric β-helices and β-barrels have recently emerged. Here we generalize the theory for the shear number in β-barrels to encompass β-helices and homomeric structures. We introduce the concept of the "β-strip," the set of parallel or antiparallel neighboring strands, from which the whole helix can be generated giving it n-fold rotational symmetry. In this context, the shear number is interpreted as the sum around the helix of the fixed register shift between neighboring identical β-strips. Using this approach, we have derived relationships between helical width, pitch, angle between strand direction and helical axis, mass per length, register shift, and number of strands. The validity and unifying power of the method is demonstrated with known structures including α-hemolysin, T4 phage spike, cylindrin, and the HET-s(218-289) prion. From reported dimensions measured by X-ray fiber diffraction on amyloid fibrils, the relationships can be used to predict the register shift and the number of strands within amyloid protofilaments. This was used to construct models of transthyretin and Alzheimer β(40) amyloid protofilaments that comprise a single strip of in-register β-strands folded into a "β-strip helix." Results suggest both stabilization of an individual β-strip helix and growth by addition of further β-strip helices can involve the same pair of sequence segments associating with β-sheet hydrogen bonding at the same register shift. This process would be aided by a repeat sequence. Hence, understanding how the register shift (as the distance between repeat sequences) relates to helical dimensions will be useful for nanotube design. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Skype for Business - Eine Einschätzung: Kurzstudie

OpenAIRE

Messerer, Thomas

2016-01-01

Die Firma Microsoft bietet mit Skype for Business ein Kommunikationssystem für die geschäftliche Nutzung an. Die Entwicklung von Skype for Business begann im Jahre 2002/2003 unter dem Namen Live Communications Server (LCS). Spätere Versionen wurden unter den Bezeichnungen OCS (Office Communications Server) und schließlich Lync vertrieben. Das System ist ein lokal installierter VoIP- und IM-Server, der in lokale Windows-Infrastrukturen eingebunden ist. Die Kommunikation im lokalen Netz erfolgt...

Cobalamin-Independent Methionine Synthase (MetE): A Face-to-Face Double Barrel that Evolved by Gene Duplication

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pejcha, Robert; Ludwig, Martha L. (Michigan)

2010-03-08

Cobalamin-independent methionine synthase (MetE) catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from methyltetrahydrofolate to L-homocysteine (Hcy) without using an intermediate methyl carrier. Although MetE displays no detectable sequence homology with cobalamin-dependent methionine synthase (MetH), both enzymes require zinc for activation and binding of Hcy. Crystallographic analyses of MetE from T. maritima reveal an unusual dual-barrel structure in which the active site lies between the tops of the two ({beta}{alpha}){sub 8} barrels. The fold of the N-terminal barrel confirms that it has evolved from the C-terminal polypeptide by gene duplication; comparisons of the barrels provide an intriguing example of homologous domain evolution in which binding sites are obliterated. The C-terminal barrel incorporates the zinc ion that binds and activates Hcy. The zinc-binding site in MetE is distinguished from the (Cys){sub 3}Zn site in the related enzymes, MetH and betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase, by its position in the barrel and by the metal ligands, which are histidine, cysteine, glutamate, and cysteine in the resting form of MetE. Hcy associates at the face of the metal opposite glutamate, which moves away from the zinc in the binary E {center_dot} Hcy complex. The folate substrate is not intimately associated with the N-terminal barrel; instead, elements from both barrels contribute binding determinants in a binary complex in which the folate substrate is incorrectly oriented for methyl transfer. Atypical locations of the Hcy and folate sites in the C-terminal barrel presumably permit direct interaction of the substrates in a ternary complex. Structures of the binary substrate complexes imply that rearrangement of folate, perhaps accompanied by domain rearrangement, must occur before formation of a ternary complex that is competent for methyl transfer.

Cobalamin-Independent Methionine Synthase (MetE): A Face-to-Face Double Barrel that Evolved by Gene Duplication

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pejcha, Robert; Ludwig, Martha L.

2005-01-01

Cobalamin-independent methionine synthase (MetE) catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from methyltetrahydrofolate to L-homocysteine (Hcy) without using an intermediate methyl carrier. Although MetE displays no detectable sequence homology with cobalamin-dependent methionine synthase (MetH), both enzymes require zinc for activation and binding of Hcy. Crystallographic analyses of MetE from T. maritima reveal an unusual dual-barrel structure in which the active site lies between the tops of the two (βα) 8 barrels. The fold of the N-terminal barrel confirms that it has evolved from the C-terminal polypeptide by gene duplication; comparisons of the barrels provide an intriguing example of homologous domain evolution in which binding sites are obliterated. The C-terminal barrel incorporates the zinc ion that binds and activates Hcy. The zinc-binding site in MetE is distinguished from the (Cys) 3 Zn site in the related enzymes, MetH and betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase, by its position in the barrel and by the metal ligands, which are histidine, cysteine, glutamate, and cysteine in the resting form of MetE. Hcy associates at the face of the metal opposite glutamate, which moves away from the zinc in the binary E · Hcy complex. The folate substrate is not intimately associated with the N-terminal barrel; instead, elements from both barrels contribute binding determinants in a binary complex in which the folate substrate is incorrectly oriented for methyl transfer. Atypical locations of the Hcy and folate sites in the C-terminal barrel presumably permit direct interaction of the substrates in a ternary complex. Structures of the binary substrate complexes imply that rearrangement of folate, perhaps accompanied by domain rearrangement, must occur before formation of a ternary complex that is competent for methyl transfer.

Cobalamin-independent methionine synthase (MetE: a face-to-face double barrel that evolved by gene duplication.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Robert Pejchal

2005-02-01

Full Text Available Cobalamin-independent methionine synthase (MetE catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from methyltetrahydrofolate to L-homocysteine (Hcy without using an intermediate methyl carrier. Although MetE displays no detectable sequence homology with cobalamin-dependent methionine synthase (MetH, both enzymes require zinc for activation and binding of Hcy. Crystallographic analyses of MetE from T. maritima reveal an unusual dual-barrel structure in which the active site lies between the tops of the two (betaalpha(8 barrels. The fold of the N-terminal barrel confirms that it has evolved from the C-terminal polypeptide by gene duplication; comparisons of the barrels provide an intriguing example of homologous domain evolution in which binding sites are obliterated. The C-terminal barrel incorporates the zinc ion that binds and activates Hcy. The zinc-binding site in MetE is distinguished from the (Cys(3Zn site in the related enzymes, MetH and betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase, by its position in the barrel and by the metal ligands, which are histidine, cysteine, glutamate, and cysteine in the resting form of MetE. Hcy associates at the face of the metal opposite glutamate, which moves away from the zinc in the binary E.Hcy complex. The folate substrate is not intimately associated with the N-terminal barrel; instead, elements from both barrels contribute binding determinants in a binary complex in which the folate substrate is incorrectly oriented for methyl transfer. Atypical locations of the Hcy and folate sites in the C-terminal barrel presumably permit direct interaction of the substrates in a ternary complex. Structures of the binary substrate complexes imply that rearrangement of folate, perhaps accompanied by domain rearrangement, must occur before formation of a ternary complex that is competent for methyl transfer.

Involvement and necessity of the Cpx regulon in the event of aberrant β-barrel outer membrane protein assembly

Science.gov (United States)

Gerken, Henri; Leiser, Owen P.; Bennion, Drew; Misra, Rajeev

2010-01-01

Summary The Cpx and σE regulons help maintain outer membrane integrity; the Cpx pathway monitors the biogenesis of cell surface structures, such as pili, while the σE pathway monitors the biogenesis of β-barrel outer membrane proteins (OMPs). In this study we revealed the importance of the Cpx regulon in the event of β-barrel OMP mis-assembly, by utilizing mutants expressing either a defective β-barrel OMP assembly machinery (Bam) or assembly defective β-barrel OMPs. Analysis of specific mRNAs showed that ΔcpxR bam double mutants failed to induce degP expression beyond the wild type level, despite activation of the σE pathway. The synthetic conditional lethal phenotype of ΔcpxR in mutant Bam or β-barrel OMP backgrounds was reversed by wild type DegP expressed from a heterologous plasmid promoter. Consistent with the involvement of the Cpx regulon in the event of aberrant β-barrel OMP assembly, the expression of cpxP, the archetypal member of the cpx regulon, was upregulated in defective Bam backgrounds or in cells expressing a single assembly-defective β-barrel OMP species. Together, these results showed that both the Cpx and σE regulons are required to reduce envelope stress caused by aberrant β-barrel OMP assembly, with the Cpx regulon principally contributing by controlling degP expression. PMID:20487295

The barrel modules of the ATLAS semiconductor tracker

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Abdesselam, A.; Akimoto, T.; Allport, P.; Böhm, Jan; Šťastný, Jan

2006-01-01

Roč. 568, - (2006), s. 642-671 ISSN 0168-9002 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z10100502 Keywords : ATLAS * SCT * silicon * microstrip * module * LHC * barrel Subject RIV: BF - Elementary Particles and High Energy Physics Impact factor: 1.185, year: 2006

Mapping functional connectivity in barrel-related columns reveals layer- and cell type-specific microcircuits.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Schubert, D.; Kotter, R.; Staiger, J.F.

2007-01-01

Synaptic circuits bind together functional modules of the neocortex. We aim to clarify in a rodent model how intra- and transcolumnar microcircuits in the barrel cortex are laid out to segregate and also integrate sensory information. The primary somatosensory (barrel) cortex of rodents is the ideal

Satzglieder, Kasus und semantische Rollen: Eine Einführung

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Engels, Eva; Vikner, Sten

2006-01-01

German/Deutsch/Tysk: Abschnitt 1 führt die Konzepte Satzglied, Kasus und semantische Rolle ein. Am Beispiel des Deutschen und Dänischen wird in Abschnitt 2 gezeigt, dass diese zwar miteinander verknüpft sind, jedoch nicht strikt miteinander korrelieren. Ein kurzer Blick auf das Finnische im...... Abschnitt 3 weist darauf hin, dass dies selbst in Sprachen mit weitaus ausgeprägterem Kasussystem der Fall ist....

Inference of core barrel motion from neutron noise spectral density. [PWR

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Robinson, J.C.; Shahrokhi, F.; Kryter, R.C.

1977-03-15

A method was developed for inference of core barrel motion from the following statistical descriptors: cross-power spectral density, autopower spectral density, and amplitude probability density. To quantify the core barrel motion in a typical pressurized water reactor (PWR), a scale factor was calculated in both one- and two-dimensional geometries using forward, variational, and perturbation methods of discrete ordinates neutron transport. A procedure for selection of the proper frequency band limits for the statistical descriptors was developed. It was found that although perturbation theory is adequate for the calculation of the scale factor, two-dimensional geometric effects are important enough to rule out the use of a one-dimensional approximation for all but the crudest calculations. It was also found that contributions of gamma rays can be ignored and that the results are relatively insensitive to the cross-section set employed. The proper frequency band for the statistical descriptors is conveniently determined from the coherence and phase information from two ex-core power range neutron monitors positioned diametrically across the reactor vessel. Core barrel motion can then be quantified from the integral of the band-limited cross-power spectral density of two diametrically opposed ex-core monitors or, if the coherence between the pair is greater than or equal to 0.7, from a properly band-limited amplitude probability density function. Wide-band amplitude probability density functions were demonstrated to yield erroneous estimates for the magnitude of core barrel motion.

ATLAS semiconductor tracker installed into its barrel

CERN Multimedia

Maximilien Brice

2005-01-01

The ATLAS silicon tracker is installed in the silicon tracker barrel. Absolute precision was required in this operation to ensure that the tracker was inserted without damage through minimal clearance. The installation was performed in a clean room on the CERN site so that no impurities in the air would contaminate the tracker's systems.

Astringency, bitterness and color changes in dry red wines before and during oak barrel aging: An updated phenolic perspective review.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Si-Yu; Duan, Chang-Qing

2018-01-30

To understand effects of using oak barrels on the astringency, bitterness and color of dry red wines, phenolic reactions in wines before and after barrel aging are reviewed in this paper, which has been divided into three sections. The first section includes an introduction to chemical reactivities of grape-derived phenolic compounds, a summary of the phenolic reactions that occur in dry red wines before barrel aging, and a discussion of the effects of these reactions on wine astringency, bitterness and color. The second section introduces barrel types that determine the oak barrel constituents in wines (primarily oak aldehydes and ellagitannins) and presents reactions between the oak constituents and grape-derived phenolic compounds that may modulate wine astringency, bitterness and color. The final section illustrates the chemical differences between basic oxidation and over-oxidation in wines, discusses oxygen consumption kinetics in wines during barrel aging by comparing different oxygen consumption kinetics observed previously by others, and speculates on the possible preliminary phenolic reactions that occur in dry red wines during oak barrel aging that soften tannins and stabilize pigments via basic oxidation. Additionally, sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) addition during barrel aging and suitability of adopting oak barrels for aging wines are briefly discussed.

barrel temperature emperature emperature effects on the ffects

African Journals Online (AJOL)

eobe

Keywords: barrel temperature,plastic products, injection moulding machine , tensile strength, flexual strength. 1. INTRODUCTION. INTRODUCTION. INTRODUCTION. The utilization of process control and process monitoring are rarely fully implemented for the production of injection moulded products. This may be due to a ...

Progress of the EM Barrel Presampler Assembly

CERN Multimedia

Hostachy, J.Y.

The liquid argon barrel presampler is a separate detector which will be placed in front of the electromagnetic barrel calorimeter, in the same cryostat. It is made of 32×2 sectors, each of them being 3.1 m long, about 28 cm large and a few cm thick. Three countries are involved in its construction: France (ISN-Grenoble), Sweden (KTH-Stockholm) and Morocco (Universities: Hassan II Ain Chock-Casablanca and Mohamed V-Rabat, and CNESTEN-Rabat). The design of the presampler started ten years ago and the series production began at the end of the year 2000. Today two-thirds of the sectors are produced and validated. In November 2002, half the detector (i.e. 32 sectors), was inserted on the internal face of the first EM calorimeter wheel (see pictures). Despite the fact that only 0.4 mm was available between sectors, it was possible to insert them all without meeting major difficulties. This operation was led by a team of four people, the sectors being systematically tested after insertion in the wheel. The inserti...

Development of the SSTL-300-S1 Composite Imager Barrel Structure

Science.gov (United States)

Hamar, Chris; Wood, Trevor; Alsami, Sami; Hallett, Ben

2014-06-01

The SSTL-300-S1 is the latest in the family of highly capable SSTL-300 platforms, providing high resolution imagery with all the existing mission performance of the heritage platform. In developing the product, SSTL has had to undertake the development of a composite imager barrel assembly, which forms the payload instrument's primary structure. Working to a nominal schedule of 24 months from requirements definition to structural qualification, the barrel's development philosophy has had to carefully balance the interdependent optical, structural and programmatic requirements. This paper provides a brief summary description of that development.

The bar PANDA Barrel-TOF Detector at FAIR

Science.gov (United States)

Zimmermann, S.; Suzuki, K.; Steinschaden, D.; Chirita, M.; Ahmed, G.; Dutta, K.; Kalita, K.; Lehmann, A.; Böhm, M.; Schwarz, K.; Orth, H.; Brinkmann, K.-Th.

2017-08-01

The barrel-Time-of-Flight subdetector is one of the outer layers of the multi-layer design of the \\panda target spectrometer. It is designed with a minimal material budget in mind mainly consisting of 90×30×5 mm3 thin plastic scintillator tiles read out on each end by a serial connection of 4 SiPMs. 120 such tiles are placed on 16 2460 × 180 mm2 PCB boards forming a barrel covering an azimuthal angle from 22.5o to 150o. The detector is designed to achieve a time resolution below σ< 100 ps which allows to distinguish events in the constant stream of hits, as well as particle identification below the Cherenkov threshold via the time-of-flight; simultaneously providing the interaction times of events. The current prototype achieved a time resolution of ~54 ps, well below the design goal.

Was ist eine Frau? Sexualität, Begehren und Einschreiben

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alejandra Barron

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Da die menschliche Sexualität nicht natürlich ist, reichen anatomische oder biologische Argumente nicht, um sie aufzuklären. Freud entdeckte, dass der Geschlechtsunterschied durch den Signifikanten vermittelt wird, denn Triebe als solche ignorieren die Dichotomie Mann/Frau. Jacques Lacan greift diesen vernachlässigten Aspekt auf und hebt die Schicksale des Subjekts mit der Sprache durch seine Lehre als etwas Fundamentales hervor. In Anbetracht der Prämisse, dass «die Neurose wie eine Frage strukturiert» sei, drücken die komplexen symptomatischen Manifestationen der Hysterika ihren Versuch aus, sich in einen Diskurs einzuschreiben, der von der Unmöglichkeit, eine kategoriale Antwort auf das Rätsel der Weiblichkeit zu geben, geprägt ist. Deren Frage lautet also: Was ist eine Frau? Ein Signifikant ergibt nur Sinn in Verbindung zu einem anderen Signifikanten und daher werden wir alle den durch den Signifikanten vermittelten Sachen gegenüber unabänderlich entfremdet. Aus dieser Sichtweise heraus möchte ich mich mit der Frage der Heterosexualität auseinandersetzen.

Results from the FDIRC prototype

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Roberts, D.A., E-mail: roberts@umd.edu [University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 (United States); Arnaud, N. [Laboratoire de l’Accélérateur Linéaire, Centre Scientifique d’Orsay, F-91898 Orsay Cedex (France); Dey, B. [University of California, Riverside, CA 92521 (United States); Borsato, M. [Laboratoire de l’Accélérateur Linéaire, Centre Scientifique d’Orsay, F-91898 Orsay Cedex (France); Leith, D.W.G.S.; Nishimura, K.; Ratcliff, B.N. [SLAC, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94309 (United States); Varner, G. [University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 (United States); Va’vra, J. [SLAC, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94309 (United States)

2014-12-01

We present results from a novel Cherenkov imaging detector called the Focusing DIRC (FDIRC). This detector was designed as a prototype of the particle identification system for the SuperB experiment, and comprises 1/12 of the SuperB barrel azimuthal coverage with partial electronics implementation. The prototype was tested in the SLAC Cosmic Ray Telescope (CRT) which provides 3-D muon tracking with an angular resolution of ∼1.5 mrad, track position resolution of 5–6 mm, start time resolution of 70 ps, and a muon low-energy cutoff of ∼2 GeV provided by an iron range stack. The quartz focusing photon camera couples to a full-size BaBar DIRC bar box and is read out by 12 Hamamatsu H8500 MaPMTs providing 768 pixels. We used IRS2 waveform digitizing electronics to read out the MaPMTs. We present several results from our on-going development activities that demonstrate that the new optics design works very well, including: (a) single photon Cherenkov angle resolutions with and without chromatic corrections, (b) S/N ratio between the Cherenkov peak and background, which consists primarily of ambiguities in possible photon paths to a given pixel, (c) dTOP=TOP{sub measured}–TOP{sub expected} resolutions, and (d) performance of the detector in the presence of high-rate backgrounds. We also describe data analysis methods and point out limits of the present performance. - Highlights: • We present results from a novel Cherenkov imaging detector called the Focusing DIRC (FDIRC). • The prototype was tested in the SLAC Cosmic Ray Telescope (CRT) which provides 3-D muon tracking. • We present several results from our on-going development activities that demonstrate that new optics design works very well. • We describe data analysis methods and point out limits of the present performance.

Integration eines 3D-Skizziertools in den Produktentwicklungsprozess

OpenAIRE

Diehl, Holger;Lindemann, Udo

2017-01-01

Frühe Phasen der Produktentwicklung zeichnen sich durch einen verstärkten Einsatz von Skizzen aus. CAD Systeme bieten für die in dieser Phase benötigte schnelle und intuitive Modellierung von Lösungsideen noch immer ungenügende Voraussetzungen. Am Lehrstuhl für Produktentwicklung wurde daher ein Tool für das intuitive Erstellen dreidimensionaler Skizzen aufgebaut. Der gewählte Ansatz zielt in Analogie zu bleistiftbasierten Papierskizzen auf ein Minimum an Funktionen zur Erhaltung höchster Int...

Triggering and measuring bent cosmic muon tracks with the Muon Spectrometer barrel for the first time

CERN Multimedia

Fabio Cerutti

During the ATLAS barrel toroid stability test, bent cosmic muon tracks were seen for the first time in the ATLAS cavern by means of the ATLAS muon spectrometer. The barrel toroid has been powered at its nominal current (20.5 thousand Amperes) and kept in steady state for more than one day during the weekend of 18-19 November (see a report on this test in the Magnet section). During this test one large sector and part of a small sector of the barrel muon spectrometer were readout and used to detect the cosmic muons tracks bent by the toroidal magnetic field. Thirteen muon stations in the feet sectors (sectors 13 and 14) have been used in this test. The muon stations are formed of Resistive Plate Chambers (RPC) that were providing the muon trigger, and Monitored Drift Tubes that were used to measure with high accuracy the muon curvature hence their momentum. The Level-1 Barrel trigger chain was based on the Barrel Middle Large chambers equipped with final production modules on both the on-detector and the o...

Upgrade of the CMS muon trigger system in the barrel region

CERN Document Server

AUTHOR|(CDS)2080489; Flouris, Gianis; Fulcher, Jonathan; Loukas, Nikitas; Paradas, Evangelos; Reis,Thomas; Sakulin, Hannes; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth

2016-01-01

To maintain the excellent performance shown during the LHCs Run-1 the Level-1 Trigger of the Compact Muon Solenoid experiment underwent a significant upgrade. One part of this upgrade is the re-organization of the muon trigger path from a subsystem-centric view in which hits in the drift tubes (DT), the cathode strip chambers (CSC), and the resistive plate chambers (RPC) were treated separately in dedicated track-finding systems to one in which complementary detector systems for a given region (barrel, overlap, and endcap) are merged at the track-finding level. This fundamental restructuring of the muon trigger system required the development of a system to receive track candidates from the track-finding layer, remove potential duplicate tracks, and forward the best candidates to the global decision layer.An overview will be given of the new track-finder system for the barrel region, the Barrel Muon Track Finder (BMTF) as well as the cancel-out and sorting layer, the upgraded Global Muon Trigger ($\\mu$GMT). B...

Upgrade of the CMS muon trigger system in the barrel region

CERN Document Server

Rabady, Dinyar; Carlin, Roberto; Codispoti, Giuseppe; Dallavalle, Marco; Erö, Janos; Flouris, Giannis; Foudas, Costas; Fulcher, Jonathan; Guiducci, Luigi; Loukas, Nikitas; Mallios, Stavros; Manthos, Nikos; Papadopoulos, Ioannis; Paradas, Evangelos; Reis, Thomas; Sakulin, Hannes; Sphicas, Paris; Triossi, Andrea; Venturi, Andrea; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth

2016-01-01

To maintain the excellent performance of the LHC during its Run-1 also in Run-2, the Level-1 Trigger of the Compact Muon Solenoid experiment underwent a significant upgrade. One part of this upgrade was the re-organisation of the muon trigger path from a subsystem-centric view in which hits in the drift tubes, the cathode strip chambers, and the resistive plate chambers were treated separately in dedicated track-finding systems, to one in which complementary detector systems for a given region (barrel, overlap, and endcap) are merged already at the track-finding level. This also required the development of a new system to sort as well as cancel-out the muon tracks found by each system. An overview will be given of the new track-finder system for the barrel region, the Barrel Muon Track Finder (BMTF) as well as the cancel-out and sorting layer, the upgraded Global Muon Trigger (µGMT). While the BMTF improves on the proven and well-tested algorithms used in the Drift Tube Track Finder during Run-1, the µGMT i...

Upgrade of the CMS muon trigger system in the barrel region

CERN Document Server

Battilana, Carlo; Codispoti, Giuseppe; Dallavalle, Gaetano-Marco; Ero, Janos; Flouris, Giannis; Fountas, Konstantinos; Fulcher, Jonathan Richard; Guiducci, Luigi; Loukas, Nikitas; Mallios, Stavros; Manthos, Nikolaos; Papadopoulos, Ioannis; Paradas, Evangelos; Rabady, Dinyar Sebastian; Reis, Thomas; Sakulin, Hannes; Sphicas, Paraskevas; Triossi, Andrea; Venturi, Andrea; Wulz, Claudia

2016-01-01

To maintain the excellent performance of the LHC during its Run-1 also in Run-2, the Level-1 Trigger of the Compact Muon Solenoid experiment underwent a significant upgrade. One part of this upgrade was the re-organisation of the muon trigger path from a subsystem-centric view in which hits in the drift tubes, the cathode strip chambers, and the resistive plate chambers were treated separately in dedicated track-finding systems, to one in which complementary detector systems for a given region (barrel, overlap, and endcap) are merged already at the track-finding level. This also required the development of a new system to sort as well as cancel-out the muon tracks found by each system. An overview will be given of the new track-finder system for the barrel region, the Barrel Muon Track Finder (BMTF) as well as the cancel-out and sorting layer, the upgraded Global Muon Trigger ($\\mu$GMT). While the BMTF improves on the proven and well-tested algorithms used in the Drift Tube Track Finder during Run-1, the $\\m...

Upgrade of the CMS muon trigger system in the barrel region

CERN Document Server

Rabady, Dinyar; Carlin, Roberto; Codispoti, Giuseppe; Dallavalle, Marco; Erö, Janos; Flouris, Giannis; Foudas, Costas; Fulcher, Jonathan; Guiducci, Luigi; Loukas, Nikitas; Mallios, Stavros; Manthos, Nikos; Papadopoulos, Ioannis; Paradas, Evangelos; Reis, Thomas; Sakulin, Hannes; Sphicas, Paris; Triossi, Andrea; Venturi, Andrea; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth

2017-01-01

To maintain the excellent performance of the LHC during its Run-1 also in Run-2, the Level-1 Trigger of the Compact Muon Solenoid experiment underwent a significant upgrade. One part of this upgrade was the re-organisation of the muon trigger path from a subsystem-centric view in which hits in the drift tubes, the cathode strip chambers, and the resistive plate chambers were treated separately in dedicated track-finding systems, to one in which complementary detector systems for a given region (barrel, overlap, and endcap) are merged already at the track-finding level. This also required the development of a new system to sort as well as cancel-out the muon tracks found by each system. An overview will be given of the new track-finder system for the barrel region, the Barrel Muon Track Finder (BMTF) as well as the cancel-out and sorting layer, the upgraded Global Muon Trigger (µGMT). While the BMTF improves on the proven and well-tested algorithms used in the Drift Tube Track Finder during Run-1, the µGMT i...

Consumer demand for green stormwater management technology in an urban setting: The case of Chicago rain barrels

Science.gov (United States)

Ando, Amy W.; Freitas, Luiz P. C.

2011-12-01

Hydrological disruption and water pollution from urbanization can be reduced if households in urban areas adopt decentralized storm water controls. We study a citywide municipal subsidized rain-barrel program in the third biggest city in the United States, Chicago, to explore what factors influence whether households purchase this sort of green storm water management technology in an urban setting. Specifically, we regress census-tract level data on the number of rain barrels adopted in different parts of the city on socioeconomic variables, data on local flood frequency, and features of the housing stock. We find that rain-barrel purchases are not correlated with local levels of flooding, even though city residents were told by program managers that rain barrels could alleviate local flooding. Instead, rain barrels are heavily concentrated in places with high-income attitudinally green populations. We do find more rain barrels were adopted in places close to rain-barrel distribution points and near sites of hydrological information campaigns; thus, policy makers might increase green-technology adoption in areas where they can do the most good by reducing transaction costs and providing education programs to those areas. Finally, our results indicate that owner occupancy is positively correlated with green-technology adoption. Low-rise rental housing may have inefficiently low levels of adoption, such that city managers might want to develop programs to encourage storm water management investments by landlords who do not live in their own properties.

Beta 2-adrenergic receptors are colocalized and coregulated with whisker barrels in rat somatosensory cortex

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vos, P.; Kaufmann, D.; Hand, P.J.; Wolfe, B.B.

1990-01-01

Autoradiography has been used to visualize independently the subtypes of beta-adrenergic receptors in rat somatosensory cortex. Beta 2-adrenergic receptors, but not beta 1-adrenergic receptors colocalize with whisker barrels in this tissue. Thus, each whisker sends a specific multisynaptic pathway to the somatosensory cortex that can be histochemically visualized and only one subtype of beta-adrenergic receptor is specifically associated with this cortical representation. Additionally, neonatal lesion of any or all of the whisker follicles results in loss of the corresponding barrel(s) as shown by histochemical markers. This loss is paralleled by a similar loss in the organization of beta 2-adrenergic receptors in the somatosensory cortex. Other results indicate that these beta 2-adrenergic receptors are not involved in moment-to-moment signal transmission in this pathway and, additionally, are not involved in a gross way in the development of whisker-barrel array

Ein kombinierter Operationsansatz zur Therapie der rektovaginalen Endometriose auf der Basis histologischer Befunde

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Köhler C

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Einleitung: Eine Endometriose des Septum rectovaginale kann oberflächlich dem Darm aufliegen oder die Darmwand infiltrieren. Durch bildgebende Verfahren kann jedoch präoperativ eine Infiltration des Darms weder hinreichend bestätigt noch ausgeschlossen werden, was zu einem therapeutischen Dilemma führt, da nur die Darmwand eindeutig infiltrierende Endometrioseprozesse durch eine Darmresektion behandelt werden sollten. Wir möchten ein neues Operationsverfahren vorstellen, das eine intraoperative Differenzierung zwischen einer oberflächlichen und einer infiltrativen Darmendometriose erlaubt. Patienten und Methodik: 70 Patientinnen mit rektovaginaler Endometriose wurden nach einem neu entwickelten kombinierten vaginal-laparoskopisch-abdominalen Verfahren operiert. Diese Operationsmethode wird Schritt für Schritt vorgestellt. Die Entscheidung zur Darmresektion wurde dabei allein aufgrund der intraoperativen Befunde und nicht aufgrund der präoperativen bildgebenden Diagnostik getroffen. Alle Resektate wurden standardisiert histologisch aufgearbeitet. Ergebnisse: Ob eine Darmresektion notwendig war, ließ sich intraoperativ anhand der Präparation des rektovaginalen Septums entscheiden. Daher wurden nur bei Patientinnen mit gesichertem infiltrativem Darmbefall Darmresektionen unter Erhalt des Mesointestinums durchgeführt. Weder intraoperative noch postoperative Komplikationen wie Anastomoseninsuffizienzen oder Restharnmengen traten auf. Diskussion: Die vorgestellte Operationsmethode zur Therapie der rektovaginalen Endometriose erlaubt eine exakte Diagnosestellung und präzise Therapieentscheidung bei minimaler Morbidität. Die Resektion des Darmschlauches ohne Mesoresektion ist ausreichend, da sich die Endometrioseknoten – wie histologisch bewiesen wurde – nur im ventralen Darmbereich befinden. Durch die Mesoerhaltung werden die vegetativen Funktionen des kleinen Beckens nicht beeinträchtigt.

Reactor Vessel and Reactor Vessel Internals Segmentation at Zion Nuclear Power Station - 13230

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cooke, Conrad; Spann, Holger [Siempelkamp Nuclear Services: 5229 Sunset Blvd., (Suite M), West Columbia, SC, 29169 (United States)

2013-07-01

Zion Nuclear Power Station (ZNPS) is a dual-unit Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) nuclear power plant located on the Lake Michigan shoreline, in the city of Zion, Illinois approximately 64 km (40 miles) north of Chicago, Illinois and 67 km (42 miles) south of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Each PWR is of the Westinghouse design and had a generation capacity of 1040 MW. Exelon Corporation operated both reactors with the first unit starting production of power in 1973 and the second unit coming on line in 1974. The operation of both reactors ceased in 1996/1997. In 2010 the Nuclear Regulatory Commission approved the transfer of Exelon Corporation's license to ZionSolutions, the Long Term Stewardship subsidiary of EnergySolutions responsible for the decommissioning of ZNPS. In October 2010, ZionSolutions awarded Siempelkamp Nuclear Services, Inc. (SNS) the contract to plan, segment, remove, and package both reactor vessels and their respective internals. This presentation discusses the tools employed by SNS to remove and segment the Reactor Vessel Internals (RVI) and Reactor Vessels (RV) and conveys the recent progress. SNS's mechanical segmentation tooling includes the C-HORCE (Circumferential Hydraulically Operated Cutting Equipment), BMT (Bolt Milling Tool), FaST (Former Attachment Severing Tool) and the VRS (Volume Reduction Station). Thermal segmentation of the reactor vessels will be accomplished using an Oxygen- Propane cutting system. The tools for internals segmentation were designed by SNS using their experience from other successful reactor and large component decommissioning and demolition (D and D) projects in the US. All of the designs allow for the mechanical segmentation of the internals remotely in the water-filled reactor cavities. The C-HORCE is designed to saw seven circumferential cuts through the Core Barrel and Thermal Shield walls with individual thicknesses up to 100 mm (4 inches). The BMT is designed to remove the bolts that fasten the Baffle

Development of a test station for the illustration of a hydraulic heating network; Entwicklung eines Pruefstandes zur Abbildung eines hydraulischen Heizungsnetzwerks

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kopmann, Nina; Adolph, Michael; Mueller, Dirk [RWTH Aachen Univ. E.ON Energy Research Center (Germany). Inst. for Energy Efficient Buildings and Indoor Climate

2011-07-01

As the parameters describing air currents in rooms will change to the opposite when the characteristic length is shortened, small-scale investigations of room air currents are not possible. For this reason, the E.ON Energy Research Center set up a ''Hardware-in-the-Loop'' (HiL) test stand which models a real hydraulic heating system of an apartment or a building. The test stand consists of several interconnected model rooms with typical heating units, and only the enclosing building volume is reduced. The model rooms all have a volume of 3-4 m{sup 3}. Depending on the heat emitted by the radiators, the boundary conditions of air supply (volume flow and temperature) and of the walls (wall surface tempeartures) are calculated using the simulation software Modelica and are emulated in the test stand. The measured heat emissions of the radiators are used as boundary conditions in the thermohydraulic simulations. The function of the HiL test stand was first tested in a single model room. Verification of the test stand concept took place via measurements of the velocity and temperature field in front of the radiator, which were compared with measurements in a thermal test stand with realistic room dimensions. [German] Da die Parameter zur Beschreibung von Raumluftstroemungen bei einer Verkleinerung der charakteristischen Laenge ein gegensaetzliches Verhalten aufweisen, koennen die Untersuchungen von Raumluftstroemungen nicht kleinskaliert werden. Deswegen wird am E.ON Energy Research Center ein ''Hardware-in-the-Loop'' (HiL) -Pruefstand entwickelt, welcher ein reales hydraulisches Heizungsnetz einer Wohnung oder eines Gebaeudes mit geringem Platzbedarf nachbildet. In den Pruefstand, welcher aus mehreren vernetzten Modellraeumen besteht, werden typische Heizkoerper eingebaut und nur das umschliessende Volumen wird verkleinert. Die Modellraeume haben jeweils ein Volumen von 3-4 m{sup 3}. Abhaengig von der Waermeabgabe der Heizkoerper

Water-Soluble Pd8L4 Self-assembled Molecular Barrel as an Aqueous Carrier for Hydrophobic Curcumin.

Science.gov (United States)

Bhat, Imtiyaz Ahmad; Jain, Ruchi; Siddiqui, Mujahuddin M; Saini, Deepak K; Mukherjee, Partha Sarathi

2017-05-01

A tetrafacial water-soluble molecular barrel (1) was synthesized by coordination driven self-assembly of a symmetrical tetrapyridyl donor (L) with a cis-blocked 90° acceptor [cis-(en)Pd(NO 3 ) 2 ] (en = ethane-1,2-diamine). The open barrel structure of (1) was confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The presence of a hydrophobic cavity with large windows makes it an ideal candidate for encapsulation and carrying hydrophobic drug like curcumin in an aqueous medium. The barrel (1) encapsulates curcumin inside its molecular cavity and protects highly photosensitive curcumin from photodegradation. The photostability of encapsulated curcumin is due to the absorption of a high proportion of the incident photons by the aromatic walls of 1 with a high absorption cross-sectional area, which helps the walls to shield the guest even against sunlight/UV radiations. As compared to free curcumin in water, we noticed a significant increase in solubility as well as cellular uptake of curcumin upon encapsulation inside the water-soluble molecular barrel (1) in aqueous medium. Fluorescence imaging confirmed that curcumin was delivered into HeLa cancer cells by the aqueous barrel (1) with the retention of its potential anticancer activity. While free curcumin is inactive toward cancer cells in aqueous medium at room temperature due to negligible solubility, the determined IC 50 value of ∼14 μM for curcumin in aqueous medium in the presence of the barrel (1) reflects the efficiency of the barrel as a potential curcumin carrier in aqueous medium without any other additives. Thus, two major challenges of increasing the bioavailability and stability of curcumin in aqueous medium even in the presence of UV light have been addressed by using a new supramolecular water-soluble barrel (1) as a drug carrier.

Design of the LHC US ATLAS Barrel Cryostat

CERN Document Server

Rehak, M L; Farah, Y; Grandinetti, R; Müller, T; Norton, S; Sondericker, J

2002-01-01

One of the experiments of CERN's Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the ATLAS Liquid Argon detector. The Liquid Argon Barrel Cryostat is part of the United States contribution to the LHC project and its design is presented here. The device is made up of four concentric cylinders: the smallest and largest of which form a vacuum vessel enclosing a cold vessel cryostat filled with liquid argon. The Cryostat serves as the housing for an electromagnetic barrel calorimeter, supports and provides space in vacuum for a solenoid magnet while the toroidal opening furnishes room for a tracker detector. Design requirements are determined by its use in a collider experiment: the construction has to be compact, the material between the interaction region and the calorimeter has to be minimal and made of aluminum to reduce the amount of absorbing material. The design complies with code regulations while being optimized for its use in a physics environment. (2 refs).

Pleading for a rational energy policy; Fuer eine aufgeklaerte Energiepolitik

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tillessen, U. [Colenco Power Consulting AG, Baden (Switzerland)

1999-09-01

To the argument that the long half-life values of the most important products of fission represent an unacceptable burden for coming generations, the author retorts that this is an emotion-directed pseudo-argument. Anyone who ventures into deep geological strata, such as the final storage area Konrad, should also count in terms of geological periods. From this point of view, a million years - however difficult to imagine for the average human being - is not a very long time. Toxic chemical waste is accepted by society, even if the toxicity should remain for all time. The article is an extract from a lecture given by the author to the Franco-German Society for Science and Technology. (orig.) [German] Dem Argument, die langen Halbwertszeiten der wichtigsten Spaltprodukte beinhalte eine nicht zu verantwortende Belastung fuer die nachfolgenden Generationen, haelt Autor Tillessen entgegen, dass dies ein auf Emotionen abzielendes Scheinargument sei. Wer sich, wie zum Beispiel beim Endlager Konrad, in tiefe geologische Schichten begebe, duerfe auch in geologischen Zeitraeumen rechnen. Und da sei eine Million Jahre, so wenig vorstellbar das auch fuer den Durchschnitts-Menschen sei, eben keine allzulange Zeit. Chemische Giftabfaelle wuerden von der Gesellschaft akzeptiert, obwohl ihre Toxitaet ewig waehre. Der Beitrag des Autors ist ein Auszug aus einer Rede, die er vor der Deutsch-Franzoesischen Gesellschaft fuer Wissenschaft und Technik gehalten hat. Aus diesem Anlass hatte Tillessen vorgeschlagen, ein von einer Stiftung getragenes deutsch-franzoesisches Institut zu gruenden, dessen Aufgabe es sein soll, mit mehr Rationalitaet die von teutonischer Romantik dominierte Technikdiskussion zu versachlichen. (orig.)

Analysis of Premature Wear-Out of Aircraft Gun Barrel by Applying a Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Łęczycki Krzysztof

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Firing from gun armament generates a wide range of physico-chemical phenomena contributing to the degradation of barrel material, e.g. pressure, high temperature, chemically aggressive character of post-detonation gases and friction of a driving band. In this work the technique of thin foils was used in Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM to study the influence of physicochemical phenomena on the material microstructure of aircraft gun barrel. A mechanism and reason of premature wear-out of the barrel under consideration was also outlined by utilising light microscopy and hardness measurements.

DELPHI Barrel Muon Chamber Module

CERN Multimedia

1989-01-01

The module was used as part of the muon identification system on the barrel of the DELPHI detector at LEP, and was in active use from 1989 to 2000. The module consists of 7 individual muons chambers arranged in 2 layers. Chambers in the upper layer are staggered by half a chamber width with respect to the lower layer. Each individual chamber is a drift chamber consisting of an anode wire, 47 microns in diameter, and a wrapped copper delay line. Each chamber provided 3 signal for each muon passing through the chamber, from which a 3D space-point could be reconstructed.

Comparison between two possible CMS Barrel Muon Readout Architectures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aguayo, P.; Barcala, J.M.; Molinero, A.; Pablos, J.L.; Willmott, C.; Alberdi, J.; Marin, J.; Navarrete, J.; Romero, L.

1997-01-01

A comparison between two possible readout arquitectures for the CMS muon barrel readout electronics is presented, including various aspects like costs, reliability, installation, staging and maintenance. A review of the present baseline architecture is given in the appendix. (Author)

Wirksamkeit und Verträglichkeit von Mepartricin (Iperplasin® bei benigner Prostatahyperplasie: Ergebnisse eine Anwendungsbeobachtung

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Madersbacher H

2000-01-01

Full Text Available Ziel der Studie: Das Ziel dieser Anwendungsbeobachtung war es, Wirksamkeit und Verträglichkeit von Mepartricin-Filmtabletten (Iperplasin® bei der Behandlung von Patienten mit benigner Prostatahyperplasie (BPH bzw. Prostatavergrößerung (BPE zu untersuchen. Patienten und Methoden: Im Rahmen einer österreichweiten Anwendungsbeobachtung wurden Patienten mit unterer Harntraktsymptomatik (LUTS, verursacht durch eine BPH/BPE, untersucht. Die wichtigsten Einschlußkriterien waren eine reduzierte maximale Harnflußrate (Qmax von 6-15 ml/sec und ein Restharn 100 ml. Als Studienmedikation erhielten die Patienten 3 x 1 Tbl. Iperplasin®. Ein, drei und sechs Monate nach Studienbeginn wurden die Patienten nachkontrolliert. Die wichtigsten Zielparameter waren eine Verbesserung des Internationalen Prostata Symptomen Scores (IPSS, der Lebensqualitätsfrage des IPSS (IPSS-Ql sowie des Qmax. Ein Einfluß auf die Sexualität wurde anhand des GRISS-Scores erhoben. Ergebnisse: Insgesamt wurden 130 Patienten (67,4 ± 8,4 Jahre; Durchschnitt ± Standardabweichung in diese Studie aufgenommen. Der IPSS sank von 16,4 ± 5,0 zu Studienbeginn auf 9,4 ± 6,0 (-41 %; p 0,0001 nach 6 Monaten Therapie, der IPSS-Ql von 3,3 ± 0,8 auf 2,0 ± 1,1 (-39 %; p 0,0001. Im gleichen Zeitraum stieg der Qmax von 11,3 ± 6,0 auf 12,5 ± 6,4 ml/sec (+11 %; p 0,0001, der Restharn sank von 49 ± 36 ml auf 33 ± 35 ml (-33 %; p 0,0001. Insgesamt war die Therapie mit Iperplasin® gut verträglich, bei 10 % traten im Rahmen der Studie unerwünschte Ereignisse oder interkurrente Erkrankungen auf, bei zwei Patienten mußte eine TURP durchgeführt werden. Der GRISS-Score blieb über den gesamten Studienzeitraum konstant. Schlußfolgerung: Diese Anwendungsbeobachtung belegt die Sicherheit von Iperplasin® bei Patienten mit LUTS und BPH/BPE, vor allem kommt zu keiner Beeinträchtigung der Vita sexualis. Obwohl eine signifikante Verbesserung von subjektiven und objektiven Parametern in dieser

The photon tagging facility for the Crystal-Barrel/TAPS experiment at ELSA; Die Photonenmarkierungsanlage fuer das Crystal-Barrel/TAPS-Experiment an ELSA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fornet-Ponse, Kathrin

2009-11-15

eines so genannten Tagging-Systems. Als wesentlicher Bestandteil dieser Arbeit wurde ein neues Tagging-System aufgebaut und in Betrieb genommen, in das Instrumente zur Praeparation und zum Nachweis von linear und zirkular polarisierten Photonen integriert sind. Das Tagging-System besteht aus einem Hodoskop mit 96 Szintillatorstreifen sowie einem Detektor mit 480 szintillierenden Fasern. Mit dieser Detektorkombination wird der Nachweis der Sekundaerelektronen aus dem Bremsstrahlungsprozess in einem Energiebereich von 0,021 . E{sub 0} bis 0,871 . E{sub 0} mit einer Zeitaufloesung von {sigma} = 0,240 ns (Szintillatorhodoskop) bzw. {sigma} = 0,560 ns (Faserdetektor) und einer Energieaufloesung von 0,1 % . E{sub 0} bis 0,4 % . E{sub 0} ermoeglicht. Die erreichte Zeitaufloesung erlaubt es, das Tagging-System als Zeitreferenz fuer die uebrigen Experimentkomponenten zu verwenden. Die Energiekalibration der Photonenmarkierungsanlage erforderte umfangreiche, dedizierte Messungen, die Teil dieser Arbeit waren und durch ausfuehrliche Simulationsrechnungen ergaenzt wurden. Die Ergebnisse der Simulationsrechnungen wurden zur Extrapolation der gemessenen Daten in den Energiebereichen verwendet, die direkten Kalibrationsmessungen nicht zugaenglich waren. Darueber hinaus konnten die Simulationsergebnisse Aufschluss ueber den Einfluss der verschiedenen Strahllageparameter des primaeren Elektronenstrahls auf die zu erreichende Energieaufloesung geben. Zur Berechnung von Wirkungsquerschnitten mit dem CBELSA/TAPS-Experiment ist die Kenntnis des Photonenflusses am Experimenttarget noetig. Bei der Bestimmung des Photonenflusses spielt die Photondefinitionswahrscheinlichkeit P{sub {gamma}} eine zentrale Rolle, die angibt, mit welcher Wahrscheinlichkeit zu einem Signal aus dem Tagging-System das zugehoerige Photon im {gamma}-Strahl am Produktionstarget vorhanden ist. Hierzu wurden mittels Monte-Carlo-Simulationen detaillierte Untersuchungen angestellt, die Aufschluss ueber die zu beachtenden

Das Nationale Bildungspanel : Ein neues Kapitel in Deutschlands Bildungsforschung

OpenAIRE

Preis, Nina; Stecher, Ludwig

2009-01-01

Was macht eigentlich ein gutes Praktikum aus? Welche Rolle spielt ein Praktikum bei der späteren Berufswahl, und was lernen Jugendliche in einem Praktikum? Wie verhalten sich die Praktikumsanleiter? Wie nehmen es die Schülerinnen und Schüler wahr? Und wie gestaltet sich der Transfer zwischen Schule und Betrieb? Dies sind nur einige Fragen, mit denen sich die Gießener Erziehungswissenschaftler Prof. Dr. Ludwig Stecher und Dipl.-Päd. Nina Preis im Rahmen des Nationalen Bildungspanels (National ...

Höhepunkte der Thyreologie: Eine historische Vignette

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Weissel M

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Die vorliegende Übersicht gibt einen historischen Überblick über die Entwicklung des Verständnisses für Erkrankungen der Schilddrüse und die Möglichkeiten, diese zu behandeln. Erkenntnisse vom 3. Jahrtausend vor Christus bis ins 19. Jahrhundert ergeben, dass ein mit der Nahrung aufgenommener Stoff zur Vermeidung eines Kropfes notwendig ist, dass Kröpfe (die in gebirgigen Gegenden gehäuft vorkommen oft mit Kretinismus einhergehen und dass die Schilddrüse ein Organ ist, dessen 2 Lappen durch einen Isthmus verbunden sind. Kurz nach der Entdeckung des Halogens Jod (1811 erkennt man schon seine Bedeutung für die Behandlung und Vermeidung vom Strumawachstum. Sein Vorkommen in der Schilddrüse und im menschlichen Plasma wird eine Dekade später entdeckt. Die Klinik der Hyperthyreose wird bereits genau beschrieben, nur dauert es eine gewisse Zeit, bis man sie einer Überfunktion der Schilddrüse zuordnet. Die Klärung der Ätiologie der autoimmun bedingten Hyperthyreose erfolgte erst ab der Mitte des 20. Jahrhunderts. Therapeutisch war anfangs die Kropfexstirpation die einzige Möglichkeit. Wien und Bern waren die Zentren mit der weltweit besten Expertise. Zur Behandlung des nachfolgenden Myxödems wurden Extrakte von Schaf-Schilddrüsen verwendet. Radiojod wird seit 1946 routinemäßig zur Behandlung der Hyperthyreose und auch des Schilddrüsenkarzinoms eingesetzt. Seit 1948 stehen die Thyreostatika unverändert zur Therapie der Hyperthyreose zur Verfügung. Die verschiedenen Arten der Entzündung der Schilddrüse werden ab Ende des 19. und Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts beschrieben. Die Pathogenese der chronischen Autoimmunthyroiditis wurde 1956 geklärt, wobei unter anderem auf das außergewöhnliche Schicksal des Erstbeschreibers H. Hashimoto eingegangen wird. Das Schilddrüsenhormon Thyroxin wurde zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts entdeckt. Die Synthese gelang etwa 10 Jahre danach. Die Existenz von 3,5,3’-Triojodthyronin (T3 wurde Mitte der

Dependence of Oak-Related Volatile Compounds on the Physicochemical Characteristics of Barrel-Aged Wines

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pedro Rodríguez-Rodríguez

2012-01-01

Full Text Available This paper focuses on the effect of some of the physicochemical characteristics of wines such as volatile acidity, titratable acidity, pH, free SO2 and alcohol content on the accumulation of oak-related volatile compounds in barrel-aged wines, in order to give more light on the contradictory results found by other authors in this respect. For this, three different single variety wines were aged for twelve months in barrels with the same characteristics (same cooperage, wood origin, toasting level and volume, repeating the experiment in two consecutive years. Our results show that the percentage of wine alcohol and its titratable acidity positively correlated with the final concentration of vanillin and guaiacyl compounds in the oak-matured wines and negatively with the cis- and trans-β-methyl-γ-octalactone concentration. Therefore, when studying the effect of oak barrel variables (oak origin and seasoning, size of the barrel, number of uses, etc. on the concentration of oak-related volatile compounds in wine, the effect of the physicochemical variables of the wine, especially titratable acidity and alcohol content, should also be taken into account since the final wine aroma composition will also depend on these characteristics.

Design of 8-ft-Diameter Barrel Test Article Attachment Rings for Shell Buckling Knockdown Factor Project

Science.gov (United States)

Lovejoy, Andrew E.; Hilburger, Mark W.

2010-01-01

The Shell Buckling Knockdown Factor (SBKF) project includes the testing of sub-scale cylinders to validate new shell buckling knockdown factors for use in the design of the Ares-I and Ares-V launch vehicles. Test article cylinders represent various barrel segments of the Ares-I and Ares-V vehicles, and also include checkout test articles. Testing will be conducted at Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) for test articles having an eight-foot diameter outer mold line (OML) and having lengths that range from three to ten feet long. Both ends of the test articles will be connected to the test apparatus using attachment rings. Three multiple-piece and one single-piece design for the attachment rings were developed and analyzed. The single-piece design was chosen and will be fabricated from either steel or aluminum (Al) depending on the required safety factors (SF) for test hardware. This report summarizes the design and analysis of these attachment ring concepts.

Syria: a waited petroleum production of 600 000 barrels per day for the end of 1993

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

1993-01-01

This paper describes the reserves of petroleum deposits and gives statistical data on the production of the main oil fields in Syria. Petroleum production has grown from 160000 barrels per day in 1984 to 515000 barrels per day in 1992 and a production at a level of 600000 barrels per day is waited in 1993. Several petroleum companies, operating in Syria, have contributed to this rise, especially Al-Furat Petroleum Company (AFPC), joint venture between Syrian Petroleum Company (SPC) and Pecten/Shell/Deminex, followed by Deiz Ezzor Petroleum Company (DEZPC), association between the french company Elf Aquitaine and SPC. 2 tabs

Usage of FT-ICR-MS Metabolomics for characterizing the chemical signatures of barrel-aged whisky

Science.gov (United States)

Roullier-Gall, Chloé; Signoret, Julie; Hemmler, Daniel; Witting, Michael A.; Kanawati, Basem; Schäfer, Bernhard; Gougeon, Régis D.; Schmitt-Kopplin, Philippe

2018-02-01

Whisky can be described as a complex matrix integrating the chemical history from the fermented cereals, the wooden barrels, the specific distillery processes, ageing and environmental factors. In this study, using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) and liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), we analysed 150 whisky samples from 49 different distilleries, 7 countries, and ranging from 1 day new make spirit to 43 years of maturation with different types of barrel. Chemometrics revealed the unexpected impact of the wood history on the distillatés composition during barrel ageing, regardless of the whisky origin. Flavonols, oligolignols and fatty acids are examples of important chemical signatures for Bourbon casks, whereas a high number of polyphenol glycosides, including for instance quercetin-glucuronide or myricetin-glucoside as potential candidates, and carbohydrates would discriminate Sherry casks. However, the comparison of barrel aged rums and whiskies revealed specific signatures, highlighting the importance of the initial composition of the distillate and the distillery processes.

Tob38, a novel essential component in the biogenesis of β-barrel proteins of mitochondria

Science.gov (United States)

Waizenegger, Thomas; Habib, Shukry J; Lech, Maciej; Mokranjac, Dejana; Paschen, Stefan A; Hell, Kai; Neupert, Walter; Rapaport, Doron

2004-01-01

Insertion of β-barrel proteins into the outer membrane of mitochondria is mediated by the TOB complex. Known constituents of this complex are Tob55 and Mas37. We identified a novel component, Tob38. It is essential for viability of yeast and the function of the TOB complex. Tob38 is exposed on the surface of the mitochondrial outer membrane. It interacts with Mas37 and Tob55 and is associated with Tob55 even in the absence of Mas37. The Tob38–Tob55 core complex binds precursors of β-barrel proteins and facilitates their insertion into the outer membrane. Depletion of Tob38 results in strongly reduced levels of Tob55 and Mas37 and the residual proteins no longer form a complex. Tob38-depleted mitochondria are deficient in the import of β-barrel precursor proteins, but not of other outer membrane proteins or proteins of other mitochondrial subcompartments. We conclude that Tob38 has a crucial function in the biogenesis of β-barrel proteins of mitochondria. PMID:15205677

Prostatitis - eine endlose Geschichte?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Riedl CR

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Aktuelle epidemiologische Daten aus den USA zeigen, daß der urogenitale Symptomenkomplex, der langläufig als "Prostatitis" bezeichnet wird, ein nicht unbeträchtliches volksgesundheitliches und volkswirtschaftliches Problem darstellt: dieses Krankheitsbild ist jährlich für 2 Millionen Arztbesuche und für 8% aller urologischen Konsulationen in den USA verantwortlich. Umgekehrt sieht jeder Urologe im Jahr zwischen 150 und 250 Patienten mit "Prostatitis".

Salt-induced stabilization of EIN3/EIL1 confers salinity tolerance by deterring ROS accumulation in Arabidopsis.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jinying Peng

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Ethylene has been regarded as a stress hormone to regulate myriad stress responses. Salinity stress is one of the most serious abiotic stresses limiting plant growth and development. But how ethylene signaling is involved in plant response to salt stress is poorly understood. Here we showed that Arabidopsis plants pretreated with ethylene exhibited enhanced tolerance to salt stress. Gain- and loss-of-function studies demonstrated that EIN3 (ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 3 and EIL1 (EIN3-LIKE 1, two ethylene-activated transcription factors, are necessary and sufficient for the enhanced salt tolerance. High salinity induced the accumulation of EIN3/EIL1 proteins by promoting the proteasomal degradation of two EIN3/EIL1-targeting F-box proteins, EBF1 and EBF2, in an EIN2-independent manner. Whole-genome transcriptome analysis identified a list of SIED (Salt-Induced and EIN3/EIL1-Dependent genes that participate in salt stress responses, including several genes encoding reactive oxygen species (ROS scavengers. We performed a genetic screen for ein3 eil1-like salt-hypersensitive mutants and identified 5 EIN3 direct target genes including a previously unknown gene, SIED1 (At5g22270, which encodes a 93-amino acid polypeptide involved in ROS dismissal. We also found that activation of EIN3 increased peroxidase (POD activity through the direct transcriptional regulation of PODs expression. Accordingly, ethylene pretreatment or EIN3 activation was able to preclude excess ROS accumulation and increased tolerance to salt stress. Taken together, our study provides new insights into the molecular action of ethylene signaling to enhance plant salt tolerance, and elucidates the transcriptional network of EIN3 in salt stress response.

Osteoarthritis - one disease or many?; Arthrose - eine oder viele Erkrankungen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Watt, I. [Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol (United Kingdom)

2000-12-01

The classical features of osteoarthritis (OA) include osteophytosis, joint space narrowing, subchondral cyst formation, sclerosis, deformity and low-grade synovitis. OA has been tacitly assumed to be a homogeneous disorder and dismissed as 'degenerative'. This short article will seek to challenge this traditional view and suggest that at least two major processes emerge from detailed radiological studies in patients with OA. One comprises osteophytosis associated with hyaline cartilage thinning and perhaps joint instability. This may represent a normal response to joint instability, and be seen as a healing mechanism. The other, when subchondral sclerosis and bone attrition predominate, may reflect joint failure. (orig.) [German] Die radiologischen Basissymptome einer Arthrose sind Osteophytenbildung, Gelenkspaltverschmaelerung, subchondrale Zystenbildung, Sklerose, Gelenkdeformitaet und geringgradige Synovialitis. Stillschweigend wurde die Arthrose durch viele Jahre hindurch als eine einheitliche Erkrankung betrachtet und als degenerativ bezeichnet. In dem vorliegenden Manuskript wird diese traditionelle Betrachtungsweise in Frage gestellt. Detaillierte radiologische Studien am Patienten mit Arthrose zeigen, dass zumindestens 2 unterschiedliche Prozesse ursaechlich vorliegen. Der eine umfasst Osteophytenbildung mit Gelenkknorpelverschmaelerung und Gelenkinstabilitaet. Diese koennten eine normale Reaktion auf Gelenkinstabilitaeten sein und daher moeglicherweise einem Heilungsprozess entsprechen. Der andere Prozess ist mit subchondraler Sklerose und Knochenabbau verbunden und stellt ein Versagen der Gelenkfunktion dar. (orig.)

Entfremdung als Strukturmoment von Unterricht? Eine Fallstudie zur Arbeit eines Schülers an der Tafel aus der Sicht der pädagogischen Unterrichtsforschung

OpenAIRE

Twardella, Johannes

2010-01-01

"In den 70er Jahren des 20. Jahrhunderts beobachtete Jules Henry im Rahmen seiner ethnographischen Schulforschungen die Arbeit eines Schülers an der Tafel und interpretierte sie aus einer sozialpsychologischen Perspektive heraus als einen Prozess, in dem ein Schüler lernt, was "Entfremdung" ist. Ausgehend von dieser Deutung wird in dem vorliegenden Aufsatz der Frage nachgegangen, ob der Begriff der Entfremdung auch heute noch für die Erforschung von Unterricht fruchtbar gemacht werden kann. D...

Design and development of a work robot to place ATLAS SCT modules onto barrel cylinders

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Terada, S.; Kobayashi, H.; Sengoku, H.; Kato, Y.; Hara, K.; Honma, F.; Ikegami, Y.; Iwata, Y.; Kohriki, T.; Kondo, T.; Nakano, I.; Takashima, R.; Tanaka, R.; Ujiie, N.; Unno, Y.; Yasuda, S.

2005-01-01

More than 2000 silicon modules need to be placed and fastened on the ATLAS SCT barrel tracker. A semi-automatic pick-and-place work robot was designed and developed to cope with the module placement for the SCT barrel assembly. We found that this robot could place modules to a mechanical precision of better than 25 μm

Design and development of a work robot to place ATLAS SCT modules onto barrel cylinders

CERN Document Server

Terada, S; Honma, F; Ikegami, Y; Iwata, Y; Kato, Y; Kobayashi, H; Kohriki, T; Kondo, T; Nakano, I; Sengoku, H; Takashima, R; Tanaka, R; Ujiie, N; Unno, Y; Yasuda, S

2005-01-01

More than 2000 silicon modules need to be placed and fastened on the ATLAS SCT barrel tracker. A semi-automatic pick-and-place work robot was designed and developed to cope with the module placement for the SCT barrel assembly. We found that this robot could place modules to a mechanical precision of better than 25 mum.

The composite barrel of retail prices and its relationship to crude oil prices

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Balabanoff, S.

1993-01-01

This paper challenges assumptions about the relationship between refinery gate prices, retail prices paid by consumers and crude oil prices. The analysis presented here considers their relationship within the context of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries' (OPEC's) composite barrel statistics, which includes taxes and other government policy effects on prices. Speed of adjustment and retail price response to taxes are analysed with respect to crude import prices. OPEC's composite barrel is explained and evaluated. Test results are summarized. (UK)

Quantitative Datenanalyse: Arbeiten mit SPSS Statistics : Eine Einführung

OpenAIRE

Hoidn, Sabine

2012-01-01

Bei diesem Buch handelt es sich um eine verständliche Einführung in das Arbeiten mit dem quantitativen Datenanalyseprogramm SPSS Statistics. Die Studierenden setzen sich mit den Grundlagen zum Arbeiten mit SPSS Statistics auseinander, können selbständig eine SPSS Statistics-Datei erstellen, Daten einlesen, zusammenfügen und modifizieren, erfasste Daten managen und die gebräuchlichsten tabellarischen und grafischen Grundauswertungen sowie Analyseverfahren durchführen und interpretieren. Au...

Alter(n – ein vielschichtiger Begriff

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nicole Maly-Lukas

2005-07-01

Full Text Available Diese Veröffentlichung, die aus einer Vortragsreihe an der katholischen Fachhochschule Freiburg entstanden ist, führt die Leserinnen und Leser in die verschiedenen Sichtweisen des Alter(ns in der modernen Gesellschaft ein. Es handelt sich um eine gelungene Zusammenstellung von Beiträgen aus unterschiedlichen Disziplinen, die sich alle aus ihrer Sicht dem Thema Alter(n widmen. Die einzelnen Artikel sind zwischen 8 und 38 Seiten lang und recht schnell und einfach zu lesen. Je nach Hintergrund und Interessen werden die einzelnen Leserinnen und Leser dabei sicher unterschiedliche Beiträge favorisieren. Schade ist nur, dass durch die ungleichen Längen der Beiträge bestimmte thematische Schwerpunkte – ob gewollt oder nicht – gesetzt werden. Dies sollte die Leserinnen und Leser, die offen für unterschiedlichste Sichtweisen des Alter(ns sind, jedoch nicht davon abhalten, dieses Buch zu lesen.

Simulgeo and its application for the muon barrel position monitor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brunel, L.

1999-01-01

The design process of the Muon Barrel Position Monitor of the CMS (compact muon solenoid) experiment for LHC is at the origin of the need of a software like Simulgeo. The software Silmugeo started to be developed in 1995 in order to allow the study of many systems. The idea of Simulgeo is to automatically make the modelling of a system and automatically construct the design matrix. This paper makes in part 2 an overview of the possibilities of Simulgeo, in part 3 it presents the standard objects. In part 4, it explains the mathematical basis and in part 5 the computing aspect. In part 6, it shows an application to the Muon Barrel Position Monitor Project and, in part 7, it mentions other projects where it has been used

Design studies for the Phase II upgrade of the CMS Barrel Electromagnetic Calorimeter

CERN Document Server

Orimoto, Toyoko Jennifer

2016-01-01

The High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) will provide unprecedented instantaneous and integrated luminosity. The lead tungstate crystals forming the barrel part of the Electromagnetic Calorimeter (ECAL) of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) will still perform well, even after the expected integrated luminosity of 3000fb-1 at the end of HL-LHC. The avalanche photodiodes (APDs) used to detect the scintillation light will also continue to be operational, although there will be some increase in noise due to radiation-induced dark currents. This will be mitigated by reducing the barrel operating temperature during HL-LHC running.The front-end electronics of the ECAL barrel will be replaced, in order to remove existing constraints on trigger rate and latency and to provide additional capability to fully exploit the higher luminosity delivered by the HL-LHC. New developments in high-speed optical links will allow single-crystal readout at 40 MHz to upgraded off-detector processors, allowing maximum flexibility and enhanced tri...

Effect of oak wood barrel capacity and utilization time on phenolic and sensorial profile evolution of an Encruzado white wine.

Science.gov (United States)

Nunes, Paulo; Muxagata, Sara; Correia, Ana C; Nunes, Fernando M; Cosme, Fernanda; Jordão, António M

2017-11-01

Several studies have reported the influence of diverse winemaking technologies in white wine characteristics. However, the impact of the use of different oak wood barrel capacities and utilization time on the evolution of white wine phenolic content and sensorial characteristics are not usually considered. Thus the aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of oak wood barrel capacity and utilization time on the evolution of phenolic compounds, browning potential index and sensorial profile of an Encruzado white wine. For the 180 aging days considered, the use of new oak wood barrels induced a greater increase in global phenolic composition, including several individual compounds, such as gallic and ellagic acid, independently of the barrel capacity. Tendency for a lesser increase of the browning potential index values was detected for white wines aged in new oak wood barrels. The sensorial profile evolution, showed significant differences only for the aroma descriptors, namely for 'wood aroma' and 'aroma intensity', white wine aged in 225 L new oak wood barrels being the highest scored. The results show that, in general, the use of different capacities and utilization time of oak wood barrels used for white wine aging could play an important role in white wine quality. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.

Game-based Learning im Bildungskontext einer Hochschule. Ein Praxisbericht

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jochen Pfannstiel

2009-04-01

Full Text Available Das Fach Software-Engineering stellt Lernende und Lehrende gleichermassen vor eine grosse Herausforderung, da eine Vielzahl von abstrakten Methoden und Modellen zu erlernen sind. An der Hochschule Offenburg wurde das Lernspiel «Software Engineering in the Future» als Ergänzung zur Präsenzveranstaltung entwickelt. Die Studierenden sollen über das Lernspiel motiviert werden, sich mit der Thematik zu befassen, um dann in ansprechend gestalteten authentischen Szenarien einzelne Methoden zu erlernen und zu vertiefen. Der Artikel stellt die zentralen Aspekte der Spielentwicklung und Ergebnisse einer ersten Befragung der Studierenden vor.

OP-Planungssysteme: Eine empirische Studie

OpenAIRE

Kristof, R.

2001-01-01

Die Studie - erstellt auf Basis einer Befragung von Softwareunternehmen - gibt Auskunft über relevante Parameter der OP-Planung im Krankenhaus, erforderliche Funktionalitäten eines entsprechenden DV-gestützten Planungssystems und den softwareseitigen Status quo bezüglich dieser Punkte. Wobei die OP-Planung sich hier auf die Ablauforganisation von Operationen und ihre ressourcen- sowie terminbezogene Planung bezieht.

SiPM photosensors and fast timing readout for the Barrel Time-of-Flight detector in bar PANDA

Science.gov (United States)

Suzuki, K.

2018-03-01

The Barrel Time-of-Flight detector system will be installed in the upcoming bar PANDA experiment at FAIR in Germany. The detector has a barrel shape of phi=0.5 m and 1.8 m long, covering about 5 m2, which corresponds to the laboratory polar angle coverage of 22oPANDA Barrel Time-of-Flight detector are presented. The test shows that the current design fulfils satisfactorily the required timing performance (σt~ 56 ps) and the timing performance depends little on the hit position on the surface.

Der Einfluss des mikrovaskulären Systems auf das Überleben eines Hauttransplantats

OpenAIRE

Motsch, Benjamin

2017-01-01

Transplantierte Organe benötigen eine zuverlässige Versorgung über das Gefäßsystem. Daher richtet diese Studie ihr Augenmerk darauf, ob eine Hemmung von Thrombozyten, sowohl allein als auch in Kombination mit einem mTOR-Hemmer, einen positiven Effekt auf die Ausprägung der mikrovaskulären Struktur in Hauttransplantaten bei einem allogenen Mausmodell hat. Für die Hauttransplantation wurde die Haut von C57BL6 (H-2b) als Spendertiere auf CBA/J(H-2k) Mäuse übertragen. Auf diese Weise wurde eine v...

Analyse der Literatur zu Klimawirkungen in Deutschland: ein Gesamtbild mit Lücken

Science.gov (United States)

Fleischhauer, Mark; Greiving, Stefan; Lindner, Christian; Lückenkötter, Johannes; Schauser, Inke

Dieses Kapitel präsentiert Ergebnisse einer umfassenden Literaturauswertung zu relevanten Klimawirkungen für Deutschland, die im Rahmen des Projekts "Netzwerk Vulnerabilität" vorgenommen wurde. Es zeigt auf, dass ein aggregiertes Gesamtbild der Klimawirkungen für Deutschland als Grundlage für Folgenabschätzungen und Anpassungsplanungen noch nicht gezeichnet werden kann, da eine große Bandbreite an Ansätzen zur Bewertung von Vulnerabilitäten oder Klimawandelfolgen existiert und die gegenwärtig vorhandenen Klimawirkungs- und Vulnerabilitätsstudien von großer Heterogenität gekennzeichnet sind. Als erster Schritt wird deshalb eine Zusammenschau bereits vorhandener Ansätze geliefert.

Analysis of core and core barrel heat-up under conditions simulating severe reactor accidents

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chellaiah, S.; Viskanta, R.; Ranganathan, P.; Anand, N.K.

1987-01-01

This paper reports on the development of a model for estimating the temperature distributions in the reactor core, core barrel, thermal shield and reactor pressure vessel of a PWR during an undercooling transient. A number of numerical calculations simulating the core uncovering of the TMI-2 reactor and the subsequent heat-up of the core have been performed. The results of the calculations show that the exothermic heat release due to Zircaloy oxidation contributes to the sharp heat-up of the core. However, the core barrel temperature rise which is driven by the temperature increase of the edge of the core (e.g., the core baffle) is very modest. The maximum temperature of the core barrel never exceeded 610 K (at a system pressure of 68 bar) after a 75 minute simulation following the start of core uncovering

Die Digitalisierung des Wissens – oder: Haben Bibliotheken und wissenschaftliches Publizieren eine gemeinsame Zukunft?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Volker Oppmann

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Bereits heute kontrollieren einige wenige Konzerne weite Teile der öffentlichen Grundversorgung mit digitalen Inhalten. Dies stellt eine Bedrohung für eine demokratischeWissens- und Informationsgesellschaft dar. Wir laufen Gefahr, die Hoheit über unser wichtigstes Kulturgut zu verlieren und von jenen anhängig zu werden, welche die systemrelevanten Infrastrukturen betreiben. Ein Aufruf für eine gemeinsames Gegenmodell. A few corporations are gaining more and more control over large sections of the public supply of digital content, which poses a threat to every democratic knowledge and information society. We are in danger of losing control over our most important cultural asset – and becoming totally dependent from those infrastructures. A call for a common counter-model.

Dissection of β-barrel Outer Membrane Protein Assembly Pathways through Characterizing BamA POTRA 1 Mutants of Escherichia coli

Science.gov (United States)

Bennion, Drew; Charlson, Emily S.; Coon, Eric; Misra, Rajeev

2010-01-01

Summary BamA of Escherichia coli is an essential component of the hetero-oligomeric machinery that mediates β-barrel outer membrane protein (OMP) assembly. The C- and N-termini of BamA fold into trans-membrane β-barrel and five soluble POTRA domains, respectively. Detailed characterization of BamA POTRA 1 missense and deletion mutants revealed two competing OMP assembly pathways, one of which is followed by the archetypal trimeric β-barrel OMPs, OmpF and LamB, and is dependent on POTRA 1. Interestingly, our data suggest that BamA also requires its POTRA 1 domain for proper assembly. The second pathway is independent of POTRA 1 and is exemplified by TolC. Site-specific cross-linking analysis revealed that the POTRA 1 domain of BamA interacts with SurA, a periplasmic chaperone required for the assembly of OmpF and LamB, but not that of TolC and BamA. The data suggest that SurA and BamA POTRA 1 domain function in concert to assist folding and assembly of most β-barrel OMPs except for TolC, which folds into a unique soluble α-helical barrel and an OM-anchored β-barrel. The two assembly pathways finally merge at some step beyond POTRA 1 but presumably before membrane insertion, which is thought to be catalyzed by the trans-membrane β-barrel domain of Bam A. PMID:20598079

Taxonomy Icon Data: barrel medic [Taxonomy Icon

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

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First half of CMS inner tracker barrel

CERN Multimedia

Maximilien Brice

2006-01-01

The first half of the CMS inner tracker barrel is seen in this image consisting of three layers of silicon modules which will be placed at the centre of the CMS experiment at the LHC in CERN. Laying close to the interaction point of the 14 TeV proton-proton collisions, the silicon used here must be able to survive high doses of radiation and a 4 T magnetic field without damage.

Lebenswelt Polizei. Ein ethnografischer Zugang zur Berufsidentität von Polizeibeamten

OpenAIRE

Behr, Rafael

2002-01-01

In meinem Beitrag stelle ich einige Besonderheiten und Probleme des Konzepts einer "ethnografischen Polizeiforschung" dar. Empirische Referenz ist eine ethnografische Untersuchung mehrerer Hessischer Polizeidienststellen im Jahr 1995. Die "teilnehmende Beobachtung des Gewaltmonopols" ist zwar nicht neu, nach wie vor aber in mehrfacher Hinsicht spannend, weil es sich um den Blick auf ein exklusives Gewaltverhältnis handelt, das zwar durch individuelle Akteure vollzogen wird, das aber strukture...

Identitätskonstruktionen in narrativen Interviews. Ein Operationalisierungsvorschlag im Anschluss an die relationale Netzwerktheorie

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Stefan Bernhard

2014-07-01

Full Text Available In dem Artikel wird eine Forschungsstrategie vorgeschlagen, die eine Integration von Studien zur situativen Identitätskonstruktion in small stories und autobiografischen Identitätskonstruktionen in narrativen Interviews (big stories erlaubt. Grundlage dafür ist eine Operationalisierung des Identitätsbegriffs im Anschluss an die neuere Netzwerktheorie um Harrison C. WHITE. Identitäten folgen aus relationalen Positionierungen, die lokal, typisiert, laufbahnbezogen oder personalisiert vollzogen werden können. Narrative Interviews zeichnen sich dadurch aus, dass in ihnen die lokal-interaktive Identitätskonstruktion der Biograf/innen wesentlich über die Entfaltung einer big story (d.h. einer personalen Identität geschieht. Anhand eines Textbeispiels wird gezeigt, dass sich solche autobiografischen Erzählungen aus einer Vielzahl von kleinen Storys zusammensetzen, in denen identitäre Positionierungen auf unterschiedlichen Identitätsebenen vorgenommen werden. Die Debatte um small stories und big stories einerseits und der Whitesche Theorieansatz andererseits können voneinander profitieren. Für das Identitätsmodell der relationalen Soziologie stellen autobiografische Interviews eine wichtige, bislang wenig genutzte Informationsquelle dar. Zugleich lässt sich im Anschluss an WHITEs Identitätstheorie begründen, warum eine umfassende Identitätsanalyse über das artifizielle Setting narrativer Interviews hinausgehen muss. URN: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs140311

An outbreak of norovirus-associated acute gastroenteritis associated with contaminated barrelled water in many schools in Zhejiang, China

Science.gov (United States)

Sheng, Minyang; Song, Jianqiang; He, Fan; Qiu, Yinwei; Wu, Haocheng; Lu, Qinbao; Feng, Yan; Lin, Junfen; Chen, Enfu; Chai, Chengliang

2017-01-01

Objectives More than 900 students and teachers at many schools in Jiaxing city developed acute gastroenteritis in February 2014. An immediate epidemiological investigation was conducted to identify the pathogen, infection sources and route of transmission. Methods The probable cases and confirmed cases were defined as students or teachers with diarrhoea or vomiting present since the term began in February 2014. An active search was conducted for undiagnosed cases among students and teachers. Details such as demographic characteristics, gastrointestinal symptoms, and drinking water preference and frequency were collected via a uniform epidemiological questionnaire. A case-control study was implemented, and odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Rectal swabs from several patients, food handlers and barrelled water factory workers, as well as water and food samples, were collected to test for potential bacteria and viruses. Results A total of 924 cases fit the definition of the probable case, including 8 cases of laboratory-confirmed norovirus infection at 13 schools in Jiaxing city between February 12 and February 21, 2014. The case-control study demonstrated that barrelled water was a risk factor (OR: 20.15, 95% CI: 2.59–156.76) and that bottled water and boiled barrelled water were protective factors (OR: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.13–0.70, and OR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.16–0.77). A total of 11 rectal samples and 8 barrelled water samples were detected as norovirus-positive, and the genotypes of viral strains were the same (GII). The norovirus that contaminated the barrelled water largely came from the asymptomatic workers. Conclusions This acute gastroenteritis outbreak was caused by barrelled water contaminated by norovirus. The outbreak was controlled after stopping the supply of barrelled water. The barrelled water supply in China represents a potential source of acute gastroenteritis outbreaks due to the lack of surveillance and supervision

Phenolic Composition and Related Properties of Aged Wine Spirits: Influence of Barrel Characteristics. A Review

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sara Canas

2017-11-01

Full Text Available The freshly distilled wine spirit has a high concentration of ethanol and many volatile compounds, but is devoid of phenolic compounds other than volatile phenols. Therefore, an ageing period in the wooden barrel is required to attain sensory fullness and high quality. During this process, several phenomena take place, namely the release of low molecular weight phenolic compounds and tannins from the wood into the wine spirit. Research conducted over the last decades shows that they play a decisive role on the physicochemical characteristics and relevant sensory properties of the beverage. Their contribution to the antioxidant activity has also been emphasized. Besides, some studies show the modulating effect of the ageing technology, involving different factors such as the barrel features (including the wood botanical species, those imparted by the cooperage technology, and the barrel size, the cellar conditions, and the operations performed, on the phenolic composition and related properties of the aged wine spirit. This review aims to summarize the main findings on this topic, taking into account two featured barrel characteristics—the botanical species of the wood and the toasting level.

Eine Stanze positiv - Operieren wir zuviel?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Huber J

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Maßnahmen zur Früherkennung decken häufiger Karzinome auf, was bei vermeintlich klinisch nicht signifikanten Karzinomen zu "watchful waiting"- Strategien verleitet. Allerdings ist die Vorhersagbarkeit des Prostatakarzinomes hinsichtlich seines klinischen Verlaufes schwierig. Methodik und Technik: Das histologische Ergebnis nach radikaler Prostatektomie bei Patienten mit nur einer einzigen positiven Stanzbiopsie wurde von uns nachuntersucht. Die Biopsie erfolgte als Oktantenbiopsie nach den derzeit gültigen Schemata, radikal prostatektomiert wurde in auschließlich retropubischer aszendierender Form. Ergebnisse: Die Untersuchung der histologischen Ergebnisse zeigte in einem überraschend hohen Prozentsatz (58 % einen Karzinombefund in beiden Prostataseitenlappen (pT2c, in 12 % eine Organüberschreitung. Es fand sich in lediglich 18 % der Fälle ein kleines Karzinom in einem Seitenlappen (pT2a. Schlußfolgerung: Bei auch nur einer positiven Stanzbiopsie kann keine Vorhersage für das histologische Stadium nach Radikaloperation und damit den wahrscheinlichen klinischen Verlauf getroffen werden.

Emotional Branding in der Automobilindustrie: ein Schlüssel zu langfristigem Markenerfolg?

OpenAIRE

Nadler, Sabrina; Rennhak, Carsten

2011-01-01

In der Automobilindustrie vollzieht sich aktuell ein Wandel von der Technik- zur Kundenorientierung. Die Konsumenten sollen Produkte und Dienstleistungen nicht nur einfach nutzen, sondern eine emotionale Bindung zu ihnen aufbauen und sie im Idealfall sogar lieben. Seit Gobé (2001) werden entsprechende Markenführungsansätze mit dem Schlagwort „Emotional Branding“ bezeichnet.

CREB Regulates Experience-Dependent Spine Formation and Enlargement in Mouse Barrel Cortex

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Annabella Pignataro

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Experience modifies synaptic connectivity through processes that involve dendritic spine rearrangements in neuronal circuits. Although cAMP response element binding protein (CREB has a key function in spines changes, its role in activity-dependent rearrangements in brain regions of rodents interacting with the surrounding environment has received little attention so far. Here we studied the effects of vibrissae trimming, a widely used model of sensory deprivation-induced cortical plasticity, on processes associated with dendritic spine rearrangements in the barrel cortex of a transgenic mouse model of CREB downregulation (mCREB mice. We found that sensory deprivation through prolonged whisker trimming leads to an increased number of thin spines in the layer V of related barrel cortex (Contra in wild type but not mCREB mice. In the barrel field controlling spared whiskers (Ipsi, the same trimming protocol results in a CREB-dependent enlargement of dendritic spines. Last, we demonstrated that CREB regulates structural rearrangements of synapses that associate with dynamic changes of dendritic spines. Our findings suggest that CREB plays a key role in dendritic spine dynamics and synaptic circuits rearrangements that account for new brain connectivity in response to changes in the environment.

Dead zone analysis of ECAL barrel modules under static and dynamic load

Science.gov (United States)

Pierre-Emile, T.; Anduze, M.

2018-03-01

In the context of ILD project, impact studies of environmental loads on the Electromagnetic CALorimeter (ECAL) have been initiated. The ECAL part considered is the barrel and it consists of several independent modules which are mounted on the Hadronic CALorimeter barrel (HCAL) itself mounted on the cryostat coil and the yoke. The estimate of the gap required between each ECAL modules is fundamental to define the assembly step and avoid mechanical contacts over the barrel lifetime. In the meantime, it has to be done in consideration to the dead spaces reduction and detector hermiticity optimization. Several Finite Element Analysis (FEA) with static and dynamic loads have been performed in order to define correctly the minimum values for those gaps. Due to the implantation site of the whole project in Japan, seismic analysis were carried out in addition to the static ones. This article shows results of these analysis done with the Finite Element Method (FEM) in ANSYS. First results show the impact of HCAL design on the ECAL modules motion in static load. The second study dedicated to seismic approach on a larger model (including yoke and cryostat) gives additional results on earthquake consequences.

Performance analysis for the CALIFA Barrel calorimeter of the R{sup 3}B experiment

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Alvarez-Pol, H., E-mail: hector.alvarez@usc.es [Dpt. de Física de Partículas, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782, Santiago de Compostela (Spain); Ashwood, N. [School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT (United Kingdom); Aumann, T. [Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt (Germany); GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt (Germany); Bertini, D. [GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt (Germany); Cabanelas, P. [Dpt. de Física de Partículas, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782, Santiago de Compostela (Spain); Casarejos, E. [Universidade de Vigo, E-36310 Vigo (Spain); Cederkall, J. [Department of Physics, Lund University, SE 221 00 Lund (Sweden); Cortina-Gil, D.; Díaz Fernández, P.; Duran, I. [Dpt. de Física de Partículas, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782, Santiago de Compostela (Spain); Fiori, E. [ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI and Research Division, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt (Germany); Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main (Germany); Galaviz, D. [Centro de Fsica Nuclear da Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon (Portugal); Labiche, M. [STFC Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington WA4 4AD (United Kingdom); Nacher, E. [Instituto de Estructura de la Materia CSIC, Madrid (Spain); Pietras, B. [Dpt. de Física de Partículas, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782, Santiago de Compostela (Spain); and others

2014-12-11

The CALIFA calorimeter is an advanced detector for gamma rays and light charged particles, accordingly optimized for the demanding requirements of the physics programme proposed for the R{sup 3}B facility at FAIR. The multipurpose character of CALIFA is required to fulfil challenging demands in energy resolution (5–6% at 1 MeV for gamma rays) and efficiency. Charged particles, e.g. protons of energies up to 320 MeV in the Barrel section, should also be identified with an energy resolution better to 1%. CALIFA is divided into two well-separated sections: a “Forward EndCap” and a cylindrical “Barrel” covering an angular range from 43.2° to 140.3°. The Barrel section, based on long CsI(Tl) pyramidal frustum crystals coupled to large area avalanche photodiodes (LAAPDs), attains the requested high efficiency for calorimetric purposes. The construction of the CALIFA Demonstrator, comprising 20% of the total detector, has already been initiated, and commissioning experiments are expected for 2014. The assessment of the capabilities and expected performance of the detector elements is a crucial step in their design, along with the prototypes evaluation. For this purpose, the Barrel geometry has been carefully implemented in the simulation package R3BRoot, including easily variable thicknesses of crystal wrapping and carbon fibre supports. A complete characterization of the calorimeter response (including efficiency, resolution, evaluation of energy and reconstruction losses) under different working conditions, with several physics cases selected to probe the detector performance over a wide range of applications, has been undertaken. Prototypes of different sections of the CALIFA Barrel have been modeled and their responses have been evaluated and compared with the experimental results. The present paper summarizes the outcome of the simulation campaign for the entire Barrel section and for the corresponding prototypes tested at different European installations.

Eine neue Tornaria aus der Adria

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Stiasny, G.

1928-01-01

In einer kurzen Mitteilung über adriatische Tornarien habe ich (4) vor Jahren beiläufig erwähnt, dass im Plankton des Triester Golfes ausser den relativ grossen Tornarien des Balanoglossus clavigerus noch eine zweite kleine Larvenform vorkommt. Diese kleine Tornaria, über welche ich seinerzeit keine

Estimating induced-activation of SCT barrel-modules in the ATLAS radiation environment.

CERN Document Server

Buttar, C M; Dawson, I; Mandic, I; Moraes, A

2002-01-01

One of the consequences of operating detector systems in the harsh radiation environments of the ATLAS inner-detector will be radioactivation of the components. If the levels of radioactivity and corresponding dose rates are significant, then there will be implications for any access or maintenance operations. Given in this note are predictions for the radioactivation of SCT barrel-modules in the expected radiation environment of the inner-detector, based on both calculations and measurements. It is shown that both neutron-capture and high-energy hadron reactions must be taken into account. The predictions show that, from a radiological point of view, the SCT barrel-modules should not pose any serious problems.

The oil barrel price

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Blondy, J.; Papon, P.

2009-01-01

This paper proposes an overview and a prospective glance on the oil barrel price. It indicates the relevant indicators: Brent quotation, euro/dollar parity, economic activity indicators, world oil consumption distribution, crude oil production, refining capacity. It briefly presents the involved stake holders: crude oil producers, oil refiners, refined product dealers, and the OPEC. It discusses the major retrospective trends: evolution in relationship with geopolitical events and energy policies, strong correlation between oil demand and economic growth, prevalence of OPEC, growing importance of national oil companies. An emerging trend is noticed: growing role of emerging countries on the crude market. Some prospective issues are discussed: duration and intensity of economic recession, separation between economic growth and energy consumption, pace and ambition level of policies of struggle against climate change, exploitable resources, and geopolitical hazards. Four evolution hypotheses are discussed

Gute Nerven und eine gewisse Chaosfähigkeit

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sabine Bangert

2006-03-01

Full Text Available Die Hessische Landesregierung hat mit „JAMBA“ (Junge allein erziehende Mütter in der Berufsausbildung ein Modell entwickelt und erprobt, um allein erziehenden jungen Müttern ohne Berufsausbildung eine Lehre im dualen System zu ermöglichen. An dem Modellversuch haben hundert junge Frauen an zehn Standorten in Hessen teilgenommen. Ziel des Projekts war es, den Personenkreis der jungen allein erziehenden Mütter zu ermutigen und zu unterstützen, eine betriebliche Ausbildung zu absolvieren. Gleichzeitig sollten Betriebe darin bestärkt werden, allein erziehende Frauen auszubilden. Prof. Dr. Angela Paul-Kohlhoff und Dr. Uta Zybell u. a. haben dieses Modellprojekt über vier Jahre wissenschaftlich begleitet. Das zweibändige Werk präsentiert die Ergebnisse des Modellprojektes und die Konsequenzen für die praktische Politik. Es zeigt Wege auf, Benachteiligungen junger Mütter nicht nur zu beseitigen, sondern aus den Erfahrungen mit der Ausbildung junger Mütter generelle Reformoptionen für die berufliche Ausbildung in Deutschland zu begründen. Flexibilisierung und Individualisierung ohne Abstriche an der Qualität der beruflichen Ausbildung stehen damit – nicht nur für die in den vorliegenden Veröffentlichungen untersuchten Zielgruppe „junge allein erziehende Mütter“ – auf der Tagesordnung der Reformagenda.

CHANGES IN VOLATILE COMPOSITION AND SENSORY PROPERTIES OF VUGAVA WINES AGED IN CROATIA OAK BARRELS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Stanka HERJAVEC

2001-09-01

Full Text Available Vugava musts were fermented in medium-toasted Croatian barrique barrels (225 L made from Quercus petrea and Q. robur oak wood. The oak species used in this research infl uenced the specifi c change of the aroma structure of Vugava wines. During the age period the increase in the concentration of cis and trans oaklactons, guaiacol, eugenol, furfural and 5-methylfurfural was noted. Wines fermented and aged in Q. petrea barrels have higher concentrations of most volatile phenols compared to wines from Q. robur oak wood. From the organoleptic point of view this study suggested that fermentation and on the lees ageing production method in Croatian oak barrels positively infl uenced the quality of Vugava wines where best results were achieved by use of Q. petrea oak wood.

Learning-Dependent Plasticity of the Barrel Cortex Is Impaired by Restricting GABA-Ergic Transmission.

Science.gov (United States)

Posluszny, Anna; Liguz-Lecznar, Monika; Turzynska, Danuta; Zakrzewska, Renata; Bielecki, Maksymilian; Kossut, Malgorzata

2015-01-01

Experience-induced plastic changes in the cerebral cortex are accompanied by alterations in excitatory and inhibitory transmission. Increased excitatory drive, necessary for plasticity, precedes the occurrence of plastic change, while decreased inhibitory signaling often facilitates plasticity. However, an increase of inhibitory interactions was noted in some instances of experience-dependent changes. We previously reported an increase in the number of inhibitory markers in the barrel cortex of mice after fear conditioning engaging vibrissae, observed concurrently with enlargement of the cortical representational area of the row of vibrissae receiving conditioned stimulus (CS). We also observed that an increase of GABA level accompanied the conditioning. Here, to find whether unaltered GABAergic signaling is necessary for learning-dependent rewiring in the murine barrel cortex, we locally decreased GABA production in the barrel cortex or reduced transmission through GABAA receptors (GABAARs) at the time of the conditioning. Injections of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MPA), an inhibitor of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), into the barrel cortex prevented learning-induced enlargement of the conditioned vibrissae representation. A similar effect was observed after injection of gabazine, an antagonist of GABAARs. At the behavioral level, consistent conditioned response (cessation of head movements in response to CS) was impaired. These results show that appropriate functioning of the GABAergic system is required for both manifestation of functional cortical representation plasticity and for the development of a conditioned response.

Plädoyer für eine Re-Lektüre feministischer Texte vor der ‚Butlermania‘

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Susanne Maurer

2008-11-01

Full Text Available Eine wesentliche Botschaft der Textsammlung von Christiane Schmerl lautet, dass es eine mehr als unglückliche Verkürzung sei, feministischen Texten vor Judith Butlers Gender Trouble vorzuhalten, sie würden ‚Geschlecht‘ einfach nur ‚reifizieren‘. Damit – so eine Quintessenz – schneiden sich heutige Kritiken von ihrer eigenen Geschichte ab. Die Lektüre des Bandes von Christiane Schmerl zeigt, dass manche aktuellen Texte hinter ein bereits erreichtes Niveau feministischer Reflexion(smöglichkeiten oftmals zurückfallen.

Aufbau eines "Fracture-Liaison"-Dienstes (FLD in der Steiermark: Erste Erfahrungen

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sampl E

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Die Osteoporose und die damit assoziierten Frakturen stellen ein globales Gesundheitsproblem dar. Trotz zahlreicher präventiver Möglichkeiten, die uns heute zur Verfügung stehen, sind weiterhin große Defizite in der Diagnostik und Therapie der Osteoporose vorhanden. Die meisten Patienten werden nach einer Fragilitätsfraktur nicht weiter osteologisch abgeklärt. Im Oktober 2009 begann in der Steiermark die Implementierung des „Fracture-Liaison“- Dienstes (FLD an 4 unfallchirurgischen Abteilungen. Ziel dieses Projekts ist es, möglichst alle Patienten ab dem 50. Lebensjahr, welche aufgrund einer „Low-trauma“-Fraktur stationär behandelt werden, zu erfassen, weitere diagnostische und therapeutische Schritte einzuleiten und somit auch das Risiko für Folgefrakturen zu reduzieren. In den ersten 6 Monaten wurden 404 Patienten erfasst. Nur 15 % hatten zum Zeitpunkt der Fraktur eine osteoprotektive Therapie, obwohl 52 % bereits zumindest eine prävalente osteoporotische Fraktur aufwiesen. Lediglich 59 Patienten (15 % hatten einen normalen 25- Hydroxyvitamin-D-Serumspiegel von 30 ng/mL, wobei 37 Patienten (62 % davon vorsubstituiert waren. Diese ersten Auswertungen zeigen die eklatante Unterversorgung in diesem Patientenkollektiv, welche in Kombination mit der pandemisch vorliegenden Vitamin-D-Defizienz die hohe Dringlichkeit eines interdisziplinären Managements über die chirurgische Versorgung hinaus unterstreicht.

Homemade battery-operated multi-barreled muzzle-loading gun.

Science.gov (United States)

Ramiah, R; Thirunavukkarasu, G

2003-11-01

In a recent shootout by a terrorist group against a law enforcement agency, some unusual firearms were seized. On examination, these firearms were found to be homemade, battery-operated, multi-barreled muzzle-loading guns, analogous to a repeater. Reference to battery-operated firearms is rather scanty in the literature. Hence, the unique design features, electrical circuit, and the operation system of these unusual guns are described.

Fluid and structural dynamics calculations to determine core barrel loads during blowdown (EV 3,000)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Krieg, R.; Schlechtendahl, E.G.

1977-01-01

To begin with, the main physical phenomena in connection with blowdown loads on the care barrel and the computer models used are briefly described. These models have also been used in the design of the HTR test care barrel. The fluid dynamics part of the calculations was carried out using the WHAMMOD and DAPSY codes; for the structural dynamics part, the STRUDL/Dynal code was employed. (orig./RW) [de

ATLAS barrel toroid integration and test area in building 180

CERN Multimedia

Maximilien Brice

2003-01-01

The ATLAS barrel toroid system consists of eight coils, each of axial length 25.3 m, assembled radially and symmetrically around the beam axis. The coils are of a flat racetrack type with two 'double-pancake' windings made of 20.5 kA aluminium-stabilized niobium-titanium superconductor. The barrel toroid is being assembled in building 180 on the Meyrin site. In the first phase of assembly, the coils are packed into their aluminium-alloy casing. These photos show the double-pancake coils from ANSALDO and the coil casings from ALSTOM. In the foreground is the tooling from COSMI used to turn over the coil casings during this first phase. In the right background is the yellow lifting gantry manufactured at JINR-Dubna, Russia which will transport the coil casings to a heating table for prestressing. Two test benches with magnetic mirror are also visible.

Upgrade of the CMS muon trigger system in the barrel region

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rabady, Dinyar; Ero, Janos; Flouris, Giannis; Fulcher, Jonathan; Loukas, Nikitas; Paradas, Evangelos; Reis, Thomas; Sakulin, Hannes; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth

2017-01-01

To maintain the excellent performance shown during the LHC's Run-1 the Level-1 Trigger of the Compact Muon Solenoid experiment underwent a significant upgrade. One part of this upgrade is the re-organization of the muon trigger path from a subsystem-centric view in which hits in the drift tubes (DT), the cathode strip chambers (CSC), and the resistive plate chambers (RPC) were treated separately in dedicated track-finding systems to one in which complementary detector systems for a given region (barrel, overlap, and endcap) are merged at the track-finding level. This fundamental restructuring of the muon trigger system required the development of a system to receive track candidates from the track-finding layer, remove potential duplicate tracks, and forward the best candidates to the global decision layer. An overview will be given of the new track-finder system for the barrel region, the Barrel Muon Track Finder (BMTF), as well as the cancel-out and sorting layer: the upgraded Global Muon Trigger (μGMT). Both the BMTF and μGMT have been implemented in a Xilinx Virtex-7 card utilizing the microTCA architecture. While the BMTF improves on the proven and well-tested algorithms used in the Drift Tube Track Finder during Run-1, the μGMT is an almost complete re-development due to the re-organization of the underlying systems from track-finders for a specific detector to regional track finders covering a given area of the whole detector. Additionally the μGMT calculates a muon's isolation using energy information received from the calorimeter trigger. This information is added to the muon objects forwarded to the global decision layer, the so-called Global Trigger. - Highlights: • Presented upgraded Global Muon Trigger and Barrel Muon Track Finder systems. • Upgraded system moves from sub-detector centric view to geometric-view. • To improve trigger performance. • Common hardware improves maintainability and increases development speed. • Use of

Upgrade of the CMS muon trigger system in the barrel region

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rabady, Dinyar, E-mail: dinyar.rabady@cern.ch [Institute of High Energy Physics Vienna (HEPHY), Nikolsdorfer Gasse 18, 1050 Wien (Austria); Ero, Janos [Institute of High Energy Physics Vienna (HEPHY), Nikolsdorfer Gasse 18, 1050 Wien (Austria); Flouris, Giannis [University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina (Greece); Fulcher, Jonathan [CERN, 1211 Geneve 23 (Switzerland); Loukas, Nikitas; Paradas, Evangelos [University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina (Greece); Reis, Thomas; Sakulin, Hannes; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth [CERN, 1211 Geneve 23 (Switzerland)

2017-02-11

To maintain the excellent performance shown during the LHC's Run-1 the Level-1 Trigger of the Compact Muon Solenoid experiment underwent a significant upgrade. One part of this upgrade is the re-organization of the muon trigger path from a subsystem-centric view in which hits in the drift tubes (DT), the cathode strip chambers (CSC), and the resistive plate chambers (RPC) were treated separately in dedicated track-finding systems to one in which complementary detector systems for a given region (barrel, overlap, and endcap) are merged at the track-finding level. This fundamental restructuring of the muon trigger system required the development of a system to receive track candidates from the track-finding layer, remove potential duplicate tracks, and forward the best candidates to the global decision layer. An overview will be given of the new track-finder system for the barrel region, the Barrel Muon Track Finder (BMTF), as well as the cancel-out and sorting layer: the upgraded Global Muon Trigger (μGMT). Both the BMTF and μGMT have been implemented in a Xilinx Virtex-7 card utilizing the microTCA architecture. While the BMTF improves on the proven and well-tested algorithms used in the Drift Tube Track Finder during Run-1, the μGMT is an almost complete re-development due to the re-organization of the underlying systems from track-finders for a specific detector to regional track finders covering a given area of the whole detector. Additionally the μGMT calculates a muon's isolation using energy information received from the calorimeter trigger. This information is added to the muon objects forwarded to the global decision layer, the so-called Global Trigger. - Highlights: • Presented upgraded Global Muon Trigger and Barrel Muon Track Finder systems. • Upgraded system moves from sub-detector centric view to geometric-view. • To improve trigger performance. • Common hardware improves maintainability and increases development speed. • Use of

Model-based control and application of a thermomanagement engine cooling system; Modellbasierte Regelung und Applikation eines Thermomanagement-Motorkuehlsystems

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mann, K.; Zeitz, M. [Robert Bosch GmbH, Stuttgart (Germany); Schmitt, M.

2002-07-01

Efficient heat management is a central development goal today. So-called thermomanagement systems cool the engine as required, ensuring energy-efficient control of a given engine temperature. The contribution presents a model-based process guidance structure and an application concept which can be adapted to various thermomanagement systems, ensureing high control quality and low application expenditure. Application requirements are minimized by model-based generation of the greater part of the application data. [German] Im Bereich der Fahrzeugentwicklung wird derzeit intensiv an Konzepten fuer ein effizienteres Waermemanagement gearbeitet. Mit einem sogenannten Thermomanagement-System wird der Motor bedarfsgerecht gekuehlt. Hierfuer wird eine vorgegebene Motortemperatur moeglichst energieeffizient geregelt. In dem Beitrag werden eine modellbasierte Prozessfuehrungsstruktur und ein Applikationskonzept vorgestellt, die flexibel fuer verschiedene Thermomanagement-Systeme angepasst werden koennen und bei geringem Applikationsaufwand eine hohe Regelguete gewaehrleisten. Der Applikationsaufwand wird minimiert, indem ein Grossteil der Applikationsdaten modellbasiert generiert wird. (orig.)

Application of advanced thermal management technologies to the ATLAS SCT barrel module baseboards

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Apsimon, R.J. [Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 OQX (United Kingdom); Batchelor, L.E. [Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 OQX (United Kingdom); Beck, G.A. [Department of Physics, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS (United Kingdom); Canard, P. [European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23 (Switzerland); Carter, A.A. [Department of Physics, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS (United Kingdom)]. E-mail: a.a.carter@qmul.ac.uk; Carter, J.R. [Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J.J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE (United Kingdom); Davis, V.R. [Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 OQX (United Kingdom); Oliveira, R. de [European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23 (Switzerland); Gibson, M.D. [Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 OQX (United Kingdom); Hominal, L. [European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23 (Switzerland); Ilie, D.M. [Department of Physics, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS (United Kingdom); Ilie, S.D. [European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23 (Switzerland); Leboube, C.G. [European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23 (Switzerland); Mistry, J. [Department of Physics, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS (United Kingdom); Morin, J. [Department of Physics, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS (United Kingdom); Morris, J.; Nagai, K. [Department of Physics, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS (United Kingdom); Sexton, I.; Thery, X. [European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23 (Switzerland); Tyndel, M. [Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 OQX (United Kingdom)

2006-09-15

The paper describes the application of advanced thermal management technologies to the design and production of the barrel module baseboard of the SemiConductor Tracker (SCT) of the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The barrel modules contain silicon microstrip sensors and readout ASICs for tracking charged particles, and the baseboard forms the central element of the module, providing both its necessary thermal management and its mechanical structure. The baseboard requirements and specifications are given, and design and fabrication details are described. The properties of the 3000 baseboards successfully produced for the SCT are summarised.

ATLAS Level-1 Muon Barrel Trigger robustness study at X5 test facility

CERN Document Server

Di Mattia, A; Nisati, A; Pastore, F C; Vari, R; Veneziano, Stefano; Aielli, G; Camarri, P; Cardarelli, R; Di Ciaccio, A; Di Simone, A; Liberti, B; Santonico, R

2004-01-01

The present paper describes the Level-1 Barrel Muon Trigger performance as expected with the current configuration of the RPC detectors, as designed for the Barrel Muon Spectrometer of ATLAS. Results of a beam test performed at the X5-GIF facility at CERN are presented in order to show the trigger efficiency with different conditions of RPC detection efficiency and several background rates. Small RPC chambers with part of the final trigger electronics are used, while the trigger coincidence logic is applied off-line using a detailed simulation model. copy 2003 Published by Esevier B.V. 3 Refs.

Die Osteonekrose des Fußes: Eine Übersicht

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Schenk S

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Die Osteonekrose (ON am Fuß ist eine heterogene Gruppe von Krankheitsbildern, die sich deutlich hinsichtlich Klinik, Verlauf, Prädilektionsalter und Prognose unterscheiden. Ebenso sind die Ursachen für diese Erkrankungen vielfältig: Neben idiopathischen finden sich auch posttraumatische und postoperative Formen. Seltene Ursachen sind Kollagenosen, Stoffwechselerkrankungen wie Diabetes mellitus und Kortikoidtherapie. ON finden sich gehäuft nach Nierentransplantationen. Je nach Ursache tritt eine ON gehäuft in typischer Lokalisation auf. Idiopathische Formen findet man am Os naviculare pedis – Morbus Köhler 1 (MK1, an den Metatarsaleköpfchen – Morbus Köhler 2, "Freiberg’s disease" (MK2, an den Sesambeinen und an der Apophyse des Calcaneus. Operationsbedingte Fälle sind gehäuft am Metatarsaleköpfchen 1 nach Versorgung eines Hallux valgus lokalisiert, posttraumatische Nekrosen am Talus. In diesem Artikel werden die idiopathischen Formen hinsichtlich Klinik und Therapie näher beleuchtet. Bezüglich der Therapie gibt es konservative und operative Ansätze. Die wissenschaftlichen Daten zur Behandlung von idiopathischen Nekrosen sind spärlich, die Behandlungsstrategien jedoch einheitlich und allgemein anerkannt.

Criticality safety of storage barrels for enriched uranium fresh fuel at the RB research reactor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pesic, M. P.

1997-01-01

Study on criticality safety of fresh low and high enriched uranium (LEU and HEU) fuel elements in the storage/transport barrels at the RB research reactor is carried out by using the well-known MCNP computer code. It is shown that studied arrays of tightly closed fuel barrels, each entirely loaded with 100 fresh (HEU or LEU) fuel slugs, are far away from criticality, even in cases of an unexpected flooding by light water.(author)

Ein Verfahren zur schnellen experimentellen Charakterisierung der Quietschneigung von Kfz-Scheibenbremsen

OpenAIRE

Gödecker, Holger

2015-01-01

Die Hauptaufgabe der bei dieser Arbeit im Vordergrund stehenden Kfz-Scheibenbremse ist das Verzögern des Fahrzeuges durch den auftretenden Reibeffekt. Dabei kann es zu ungewollten selbsterregten Schwingungen und damit zu störenden Geräuschentwicklungen kommen. Dieses bei der Entwicklung und Konstruktion von Bremsen vorherzusagen und zu vermeiden ist ein großes Thema in Industrie und Forschung. In dieser Arbeit wird ein Verfahren beschrieben, mit dem experimentell schnell, noch vor dem Auft...

Pancreatitis. An update; Pankreatitis. Ein Update

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schreyer, A.G. [Universitaetsklinikum Regensburg, Institut fuer Roentgendiagnostik, Regensburg (Germany); Grenacher, L. [Diagnostik Muenchen, MVZ Radiologie, Muenchen (Germany); Juchems, M. [Klinikum Konstanz, Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Konstanz (Germany)

2016-04-15

Acute and chronic pancreatitis are becoming increasingly more severe diseases in the western world with far-reaching consequences for the individual patient as well as the socioeconomic situation. This article gives an overview of the contribution of radiological imaging to the diagnostics and therapy of both forms of the disease. Acute pancreatitis can be subdivided into severe (20 %) and mild manifestations. The diagnostics should be performed with computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for assessing necrosis or potential infections only in severe forms of pancreatitis. In chronic pancreatitis transabdominal ultrasound should initially be adequate for assessment of the pancreas. For the differential diagnosis between pancreatic carcinoma and chronic pancreatitis, MRI with magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) followed by an endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration is the method of choice. For the primary diagnosis for acute and chronic pancreatitis ultrasound examination is the modality of first choice followed by radiological CT and MRI with MRCP examinations. (orig.) [German] Akute und chronische Pankreatitis sind in der westlichen Welt zunehmende schwere Krankheitsbilder mit tiefgreifenden Konsequenzen fuer den einzelnen Patienten sowie soziooekonomisch. Der Beitrag radiologischer Bildgebung zur Diagnostik und Therapie beider Erkrankungsformen soll im vorliegenden Uebersichtsbeitrag diskutiert werden. Die akute Pankreatitis kann in eine schwere (20 %) und milde Verlaufsform unterteilt werden. Lediglich bei den schweren Formen sollte eine CT- oder MRT-Diagnostik bzgl. der Beurteilung von Nekrosen und moeglichen Infektionen erfolgen. Bei der chronischen Pankreatitis genuegt zunaechst eine Beurteilung des Pankreas durch transabdominellen Ultraschall. Hier sind die MRT mit der Magnetresonanzcholangiopankreatikographie (MRCP) sowie die endosonographisch gesteuerte Feinnadelpunktion die Methode, um

ATLAS barrel hadron tile calorimeter: spacers plates mass production

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Artikov, A.M.; Budagov, Yu.A.; Khubua, J.

1999-01-01

In this article we expose the main problems of the mass production of the so-called 'spacer plates' for the ATLAS Barrel Hadron Tile Calorimeter. We describe all practical solutions of these problems. Particularly we present the measurement procedures and calculation schemes we used for the spacers dimensions determination. The results of the calculations are presented

Experiences developing socially acceptable interactions for a robotic trash barrel

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Yang, Stephen; Mok, Brian Ka Jun; Sirkin, David

2015-01-01

strategies that seemed to evoke clear engagement and responses, both positive and negative. Observations and interviews show that a) people most welcome the robot's presence when they need its services and it actively advertises its intent through movement; b) people create mental models of the trash barrel...

Robotic mounting of ATLAS barrel SCT modules

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nickerson, R.B.; Viehhauser, G.; Wastie, R.; Terada, S.; Unno, Y.; Kohriki, T.; Ikegami, Y.; Hara, K.; Kobayashi, H.; Barbier, G.; Clark, A.G.; Perrin, E.; Carter, A.A.; Mistry, J.; Morris, J.

2006-01-01

The 2112 silicon detector modules of the barrel part of the ATLAS SemiConductor Tracker (SCT) have been mounted on their carbon fibre support structure. Module insertion, placement and fixing were performed by robotic assembly tooling. We report on our experience with this assembly method. Part of the mounting sequence involves a partial survey of elements of the support structure which is needed to align the modules properly during insertion. An analysis of these data is used to estimate the positional accuracy of the robots

Membrane potential correlates of sensory perception in mouse barrel cortex.

Science.gov (United States)

Sachidhanandam, Shankar; Sreenivasan, Varun; Kyriakatos, Alexandros; Kremer, Yves; Petersen, Carl C H

2013-11-01

Neocortical activity can evoke sensory percepts, but the cellular mechanisms remain poorly understood. We trained mice to detect single brief whisker stimuli and report perceived stimuli by licking to obtain a reward. Pharmacological inactivation and optogenetic stimulation demonstrated a causal role for the primary somatosensory barrel cortex. Whole-cell recordings from barrel cortex neurons revealed membrane potential correlates of sensory perception. Sensory responses depended strongly on prestimulus cortical state, but both slow-wave and desynchronized cortical states were compatible with task performance. Whisker deflection evoked an early (sensory response that was encoded through cell-specific reversal potentials. A secondary late (50-400 ms) depolarization was enhanced on hit trials compared to misses. Optogenetic inactivation revealed a causal role for late excitation. Our data reveal dynamic processing in the sensory cortex during task performance, with an early sensory response reliably encoding the stimulus and later secondary activity contributing to driving the subjective percept.

Hat das humane Wachtumshormon (hGH eine Relevanz in der Kontrolle der penilen Erektion?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ückert St

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Allgemeines: Schon seit langem wird die Frage einer Beteiligung des Hypophysenhormons Human Growth Hormone (Wachstumshormon, hGH, GH an der Kontrolle der sexuellen Maturation und der Reproduktionsfunktion des Menschen diskutiert. Die Symptome eines GH-Defizits beim Mann sind u. a. allgemeine Antriebslosigkeit, Oligo- oder Azoospermie, eine Verminderung der Libido sowie eine Beeinträchtigung der normalen Erektionsfähigkeit. Es wird vermutet, daß die biologischen Effekte des GH eine durch das Somatomedin Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1 vermittelte Stimulation der Produktion von Stickoxid (NO durch die endotheliale und neuronale Form des Enzyms NO-Synthase einschließen. So konnte gezeigt werden, daß physiologische Konzentrationen von GH den adrenergen Tonus isolierter Streifenpräparate humaner Schwellkörpermuskulatur antagonisieren und den Gewebegehalt des Second Messengers cGMP erhöhen. Im Rahmen dieser Studie haben wir in einem Kollektiv gesunder Männer und in einer Gruppe von Patienten mit erektiler Dysfunktion (ED die systemischen und cavernösen Serumkonzentrationen von GH während verschiedener peniler Funktionszustände, d. h. verschiedener Stadien der sexuellen Erregung, untersucht. Methoden: 35 gesunden männlichen Probanden und 45 Patienten mit einer ED organogener oder psychogener Genese wurden während der penilen Flakzidität, Tumeszenz, Rigidität - dieses Stadium wurde nur von den Gesunden erreicht - und Detumeszenz zeitgleich Blutproben aus einer Cubitalvene und dem Corpus cavernosum penis entnommen. Tumeszenz und Rigidität wurden durch visuelle und taktile Stimulation ausgelöst. Die Quantifizierung von GH in Aliquots der Serumfraktionen erfolgte mit immunradiometrischen Methoden (IRMA. Ergebnisse: In der Gruppe der gesunden Männer stieg die mittlere systemische und cavernöse Serumkonzentration von GH während der Tumeszenz an, während in den Phasen der Rigidität und Detumeszenz eine Abnahme registriert wurde

A DICOM based PACS for nuclear medicine; Ein DICOM-basiertes PACS fuer die Nuklearmedizin

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lassmann, M.; Reiners, C. [Wuerzburg Univ. (Germany). Klinik und Poliklinik fuer Nuklearmedizin

2002-02-01

The installation of a radiology information system (RIS) connected to a hospital information system (HIS) and a picture archiving and communications system (PACS) seems mandatory for a nuclear medicine department in order to guarantee a high patient throughput. With these systems a fast transmission of reports, images to the in- and out-patients' wards and private practitioners is realized. Therefore, since April 2000, at the department of nuclear medicine of the university of Wuerzburg a completely DICOM based PACS has been implemented in addition to the RIS. With this system a DICOM based workflow is realized throughout the department of nuclear medicine for reporting and archiving. The PACS is connected to six gamma-cameras, a PET scanner, a bone densitometry system and an ultrasound device. The volume of image data archived per month is 4 GByte. Patient demographics are provided to the modalities via DICOM-Worklist. With these PACS components a department specific archive purely based on DICOM can be realized. During the installation process problems occurred mainly because of the complex DICOM standard for nuclear medicine. Related to that is the problem that most of the software implementations still contain bugs or are not adapted to the needs of a nuclear medicine department (particularly for PET). A communication software for the distribution of nuclear medicine reports and images based on techniques used for the worldwide web is currently tested. (orig.) [German] Fuer eine nuklearmedizinische Klinik ist ein Klinikinformationssystem (KIS) gekoppelt mit einem Radiologieinformationssystem (RIS) sowie einem Bildarchivierungs- und Verteilungssystem (PACS) unabdingbar, um einen schnellen Patientendurchsatz sowie die zeitnahe Uebermittlung von Befunden inklusive nuklearmedizinischen Bildern an zuweisende Stationen, Ambulanzen und externe Zuweiser zu gewaehrleisten. Daher wurde im April 2000 an der Klinik und Poliklinik fuer Nuklearmedizin der Universitaet

Fermats letzter Satz die abenteuerliche Geschichte eines mathematischen Rätsels

CERN Document Server

Singh, Simon

2000-01-01

Der Satz des Pythagoras: a²+b²=c² steht im Zentrum des Rätsels, um das es hier geht. Diese »Urformel« gilt immer und überall, aber nur in der Zweier-Potenz, mit keiner anderen ganzen Zahl. In den Notizen des französischen Mathematikers Pierre Fermat, der im 17. Jahrhundert lebte, gibt es einen Hinweis, dass er den Beweis für dieses Phänomen gefunden hat. Doch der Beweis selbst ist verschollen. 350 Jahre lang versuchten nun die Mathematiker der nachfolgenden Generationen, diesen Beweis zu führen. Keinem wollte es gelingen, manche trieb das Problem sogar in den Selbstmord. Schließlich wurde ein Preis für die Lösung des Rätsels ausgesetzt. Nun gelang dem britischen Mathematiker Andrew Wiles 1995 der Durchbruch. Simon Singh wiederum gelang es, diese auf den ersten Blick abgelegene Geschichte so zu erzählen, dass niemand und auch kein Mathematikhasser sich ihrer Faszination entziehen kann: Ein Glanzlicht des modernen Wissenschaftsjournalismus! »Dieses Buch ist ein Wunder.

Monitoring of core barrel vibrations in WWER type reactor using out-of-reactor ionization chambers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dach, K.

1982-01-01

Vibration of the core barrel is least desirable for safe operation of the PWR reactor. These mechanical vibrations are in correlation with the fluctuations of neutron flux density whose time and frequency analysis serves failure diagnosis. The mathematical model is described of the transfer of mechanical vibrations of the core barrel to neutron noise. Other steps are indicated indispensable for the application of the method of neutron noise analysis for in-service diagnostics of nuclear power plants. (Z.M.)

Ein größeres Stück vom Kuchen: Besteuerung der Gewinne von Google und Co.

OpenAIRE

Becker, Johannes; Englisch, Joachim

2017-01-01

Unternehmen der digitalen Wirtschaft wie Google, Facebook, Amazon usw. sind in Europa allgegenwärtig, zahlen aber nur wenig Steuern. Die Finanzminister einiger wichtiger EUMitgliedstaaten haben deshalb eine umsatzbasierte Ausgleichsteuer auf Internetunternehmen vorgeschlagen. Ein solches Steuerinstrument verletzt jedoch wesentliche Regeln des internationalen Steuerregimes. Eine Erweiterung des Betriebstättenbegriffs in Richtung einer 'digitalen Betriebstätte' könnte hingegen sinnvoll sein. Su...

Distortion of the temporary cavity and its influence on staining in firearm barrels.

Science.gov (United States)

Schyma, Christian; Müller, Rolf; Brenčičová, Eva; Brünig, Julia

2018-06-01

After contact shots to the head, biological traces can be found inside the barrel of the firearm. Experimental protocols to generate this sort of staining, using 12 cm gelatin cubes containing thin foil bags filled with acrylic paint, human blood, and radiocontrast agent, have been developed. Previous research on shots fired at a distance has shown the underlay sustaining these gelatin cubes has an influence on experimental results. This study was conducted to investigate the role of the sustaining base of the gelatin blocks during contact shots, and its influence on the staining result inside firearm barrels. Eighteen contact shots were performed using 22 LR, 32 ACP (7.65 Browning) and 9 mm Luger semi-automatic pistols. With each pistol, shots were fired onto six gelatin cubes; three placed upon a rigid platform and three upon an elastic underlay. The shots were recorded by a high-speed video camera as they penetrated the gelatin cube. Any staining present inside the firearm barrels after the shots were fired was documented by endoscopy. Cross sections of the gelatin blocks were then compared to the high-speed video. It was found that the nature of the staining inside the barrel was not influenced by the underlay sustaining the target model. In the experiment using a 9 mm Luger, the rigid counterfort provoked a visible distortion of the temporary cavity, but, cross sectional analysis of the gelatin cubes did not reveal a relevant influence of the sustaining underlay on the crack length in the gelatin. This could be explained by a secondary expansion of the temporary cavity left by the projectile as a consequence of subsequent inflow of muzzle gases.

The production phase model as a tool for analysing and structuring the database of an operation management system; Das Phasenmodell der Produktion als ein Werkzeug fuer Analyse und Strukturierung der Datenbasis eines Betriebsmanagementsystems

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rauprich, G.; Polke, B.

1997-12-31

This paper presents a process analysis which was carried out with the aid of a phase model for the purpose of supporting the start-up phase of an operation management system. Beside providing a functional structure for the database this process analysis permits a functional and consistent representation of the process at as crude or detailed a level as desired. In this way the phase model supplies a functional model of the process which serves the purposes of both the process control and the operation control level. Once the phase model has been created it largely only depends on the question being asked which level of detail and what properties of the relevant process elements and material and energy flows are used. [Deutsch] Eine mit Hilfe des Phasenmodells durchgefuehrte Prozessanalyse unterstuetzt die Einfuehrungsphase eines Betriebsmanagementsystems. Sie gibt eine funktionale Struktur der Datenbank vor und erlaubt darueberhinaus auf der Ebene des Betriebsmanagementsystems eine funktionale, konsistente, beliebig grobe oder feine detaillierte Darstellung des Prozesses. Die Phasenmodellierung liefert damit sowohl fuer die Prozessleitebene als auch fuer die Betriebsleitebene ein ganzheitliches, funktionales Modell des Prozesses. Wenn das Phasenmodell erst einmal erstellt ist, ist es im wesentlichen nur abhaengig von der Fragestellung, welche Detaillierungsebenen mit welchen Eigenschaften der relevanten Prozesselemente und Material-/Energiestroeme verwendet werden. (orig./RHM)

Eine praktische Anwendung von CMC-Flächen in der Bionik

OpenAIRE

Apeltauer, Christian

2011-01-01

Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit den theoretischen Grundlagen für die Entwicklung von Oberflächen, die unter Wasser möglichst lange eine Luftschicht an sich halten können. Ein natürliches Vorbild für solche Oberflächen ist die Pflanze Salvinia molesta; technisch interessieren solche Oberflächen zur Verringerung des Wasserwiderstandes von Schiffen und als Schutz vor Besiedlung durch Wasserorganismen. Wichtigste Gleichung bei der Entwicklung solcher Oberflächen ist...

Kohärente Teilchenproduktion in Dreijetereignissen der $e^+e^--$Annihilation Eine Untersuchung der Multiplizität in Quark-Gluon-Ensembles und eine präzise Bestimmung von $C_A/C_F$ mit Daten des DELPHI-Experimentes

CERN Document Server

Siebel, Martin

2003-01-01

Die kohärente Teilchenproduktion in hadronischen Z-Zerfällen mit drei Jets im Endzustand wird anhand von mit dem DELPHI-Experiment in den Jahren 1992-1995 aufgenommenen Daten untersucht. Die unter großem Winkel zur Ereignisebene gemessene Multiplizität ist in guter Übereinstimmung mit einer Vorhersage in führender Ordnung. Es wird gezeigt, dass zur Beschreibung der Daten ein negativer Interferenzterm notwendig ist. Ein Skalieren der Impulsverteilungen der unter großem Winkel produzierten Teilchen wird für Impulse unter ca. 1GeV beobachtet, wodurch die lokale Parton-Hadron Dualitätshypothese (LPHD) bestätigt wird. Es wird eine gute Beschreibung der in Dreijetereignissen gemessenen Gesamtmultiplizität durch eine MLLA-Vorhersage beobachtet. Eine Parameteranpassung der Vorhersage an die Daten ergibt das Farbfaktorverhältnis CA/CF = 2.261 ± 0.014(stat.) ± 0.036(syst.) ± 0.052(theor.) ± 0.041(clus.), welches die bislang präziseste Messung dieses Wertes darstellt. Das Verhältnis der Gluon- zur Quar...

Chirurgische Therapie der Stressharninkontinenz (SUI - Ein Überblick

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Riss P

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Die Stressharninkontinenz der Frau hat ihre höchste Prävalenz um die Zeit der Menopause. Es gibt verschiedene Erklärungsmöglichkeiten für die Kontinenz bei der Frau: die anatomische Lage des Blasenhalses, die Druckübertragung auf die proximale Urethra, eine Degeneration des M. sphincter urethrae, die sogenannte Hängemattentheorie der Unterstützung des Blasenhalses, das Trampolinmodell von P. Petros und schließlich das Konzept der mittleren Urethra. Auf letzterem beruhen die Operationen, bei denen ein Prolene-Band spannungsfrei unter die mittlere Urethra gelegt wird (TVT und Modifikationen. Wegen der Einfachheit der Durchführung und der exzellenten Erfolgsraten haben diese Operationen die bewährte Kolposuspension nach Burch weitgehend verdrängt. Faszienschlingenoperationen sind speziellen Rezidivsituationen vorbehalten.

Balanced scorecard - a novel management philosophy; Balanced scorecard - eine neue Management-Philosophie

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pendzialek, W.

1999-09-20

The article briefly explains the management philosophy elaborated by Kaplan and Norton, USA. (orig./CB) [German] Bei dem von Kaplan und Norton in den USA entwickelte Managementkonzept der Balanced Scorecard wird eine Uebergewichtung der finanziellen Ergebnisse verhindert. Es wird eine Ausgewogenheit zwischen langfristigen und kurzfristigen Zielen, monetaeren und nichtmonetaeren Kennzahlen, Spaet- und Fruehindikatoren sowie internen und externen Leistungsanforderungen angestrebt. Dies fuehrt zu einer vernetzten und multidimensionalen Betrachtungsweise. (orig./RHM)

LOCALIZATION OF NMDA AND AMPA RECEPTORS IN RAT BARREL FIELD

NARCIS (Netherlands)

JAARSMA, D; SEBENS, JB; KORF, J

1991-01-01

The aim of this study was to asses the distribution of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-S-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) receptors in the barrel field of rat primary somatosensory (SI) cortex using light-microscopic in vitro autoradiography. NMDA receptors were labeled

A Barrel IFR Instrumented With Limited Streamer Tubes for BABAR Experiment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Andreotti, M.; Ferrara U.; INFN, Ferrara

2006-01-01

The new barrel Instrumented Flux Return (IFR) of BABAR detector will be reported here. Limited Streamer Tubes (LSTs) have been chosen to replace the existing RPCs as active elements of the barrel IFR. The layout of the new detector will be discussed: in particular, a cell bigger than the standard one has been used to improve efficiency and reliability. The extruded profile is coated with a resistive layer of graphite having a typical surface resistivity between 0.2 and 0.4 MOhm/square. The tubes are assembled in modules and installed in 12 active layers of each sextant of the IFR detector. R and D studies to choose the final design and Quality Control procedure adopted during the tube production will be briefly discussed. Finally the performances of installed LSTs into 2/3 of IFR after 8 months of operations will be reported

Transobturatorielle Schlingensysteme (Monarc(R, Serasis TO(R: Ein erster Erfahrungsbericht von 150 Fällen

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fischer A

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Fragestellung: Überkorrektur mit ihren Begleiterscheinungen Obstruktion und Drangsymptomatik, retropubisches Hämatom und Blasenperforation sind die Hauptkomplikationen der mitturethralen spannungsfreien Bänder und kommen selbst nach fast 2000 Anwendungen immer wieder einmal vor. Zum Teil ist dies abhängig von Voroperationen, der Indikationsstellung, zum Teil auch von der Bandspannung, möglicherweise aber auch vom Weg des Bandes um die Urethra. Die Anwendung eines transobturatoriellen Systems soll nun zeigen, wo die Unterschiede bei dieser unterschiedlichen Technik und Bandverlauf liegen. Methode: 100 transobturatorielle Schlingen vom Typ Monarc(R (AMS, Berlin und 50 transobturatorielle Schlingen Serasis TO(R (Serag-Wiessner, Naila wurden in der Zeit von Anfang Februar bis Mitte Mai 2003 in unserer Klinik eingelegt. Perinealsonographie und Urodynamik inkl. Pad-Test sowie eine körperliche Untersuchung und ein Patientinnenfragebogen zur QoL wurden bei allen Frauen präoperativ und in der Folge nach 6 Wochen, 3 und 6 Monaten postoperativ durchgeführt. Ein Valsalva Leak Point Pressure wurde prä- und postoperativ nach 6 Monaten ermittelt. Der Eingriff erfolgt in Kurznarkose. Ergebnisse: Bei beiden Systemen zeigte sich eine durchschnittliche OP-Zeit von 8–10 Minuten und eine fehlende Hämatombildung sowie eine Blasenläsion bei der Monarc-Anwendung. Sonst trat bei beiden Systemen keine intraoperative Komplikation bei einem durchschnittlichen Blutverlust von ca. 20 ml auf. Perioperativ zeigte sich bei 12 % der mit Monarc behandelten Patienten eine Bakteriurie in den ersten 48 Stunden postoperativ, bei den Serasis-Patientinnen in 4 % der Fälle. Drei Monarc-Bänder und ein Serasis-Band mußten im Zusammenhang mit Drang durchtrennt werden. Fehlende postoperative Wundschmerzen und bis dato praktisch keine Zeichen einer Überkorrektur oder pathologischen Restharnbildung lassen den Unterschied zu den etablierten Inkontinenzoperationen deutlich

Mechanical structure of the TOPAZ barrel drift chamber

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Morimoto, T.; Maruyama, K.; Okuno, H.

1987-07-01

A Barrel Drift Chamber (BDC) is constructed for the TOPAZ experiment at TRISTAN, KEK. The BDC has a cylindrical shape with dimensions of 325.2 cm in inner diameter, 347.2 cm in outer diameter and 500 cm long. It consists of 1232 drift tubes made of conductive plastic cathodes, which are staggered in four layers. In this report, a design of the mechanical structure and construction procedures are described in detail. (author)

Parameters, test criteria and fault assessment in random sampling of waste barrels from non-qualified processes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Martens, B.R.

1989-01-01

In the context of random sampling tests, parameters are checked on the waste barrels and criteria are given on which these tests are based. Also, it is shown how faulty data on the properties of the waste or faulty waste barrels should be treated. To decide the extent of testing, the properties of the waste relevant to final storage are determined based on the conditioning process used. (DG) [de

Akad On Air: Radio als Schulfach. - Ein Projektbericht aus Salzburg.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mirjam Winter

2010-03-01

Full Text Available Spätestens seit „Beverly Hills 90210“, der beliebten US-Teenie-Serie der 90er Jahre, kennt man es: das Schulradio. Ein eigenes Radiostudio kann sich keine Schule in Österreich leisten. Trotzdem ist es in Salzburg gelungen, ein Schulradio auf die Beine zu stellen – als eigenes Schulfach, in dem die Schülerinnen und Schüler praktisch mit dem Medium arbeiten und es für ihre Zwecke nutzen lernen. Der folgende Projektbericht skizziert, wie Medienpädagogik und die Vermittlung von Medienkompetenz an Schulen aussehen können.

Theraplay - eine direktive kommunikative Spieltherapie

OpenAIRE

Franke, Ulrike

1990-01-01

Anhand der Kasuistik eines entwicklungsverzögerten, kontaktverweigernden siebenjährigen Zwillingsmädchens wird die neue, aus den USA stammende, Kurz-Spieltherapie Theraplay vorgestellt. Die auf der natürlichen Eltern-Kind Interaktion basierende direktive Therapie versucht sowohl das Selbstbild als auch das Fremdbild des Kindes zu beeinflussen, indem sie sich nur auf das Positive konzentriert und Situationen herbeiführt, in denen das frühere Verhalten nicht mehr praktiziert werden kann.

Environmental pollution: Measurable quantity or a problem of general risk acceptance?; Die stoffliche Belastung der Umwelt. Eine Systemgroesse oder eine Frage der allgemeinen Risikoakzeptanz?

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ballschmiter, K.

2001-08-01

Having different disciplines give different meanings to one same word is not unusual; using the word 'risk' in an environmental context has its specific importance. The classical definitions of 'risk' as the possibility of an adverse incident have been projected in the environmental and human health study areas. Risk-acceptance and risk-preference are general factors of the everyday life and even find a role in economics. However, their use as parameters in the field of environmental hazards should be avoided, or at least be defined as to their meaning. The environment is a complex system of mass fluxes and interdependencies that can be observed and described but not regulated in its global dimension. Technology assessment has here a specific task in defining precaution as the prevention of hazards as well as the 'repair in advance' of potential environmental risks of global dimensions. The globe as a whole and many of its parts cannot be subjected to 'end of the pipe' repair strategies. (orig.) [German] Das Phaenomen der unterschiedlichen Fuellung eines Begriffs in unterschiedlichen Disziplinen ist nicht neu; es wird aber besonders deutlich bei der Verwendung des Begriffes Risiko, wenn es um reale oder nur als moeglich angesehene Gefaehrdungen im Umweltbereich geht. Es werden die klassischen Definitionen eines Risikos, d.h. des moeglichen Eintritts eines Schadensereignisses, in ihrer Anwendung auf moegliche Schadensereignisse fuer Umwelt und Gesundheit gegenueber gestellt. Es wird die These vertreten, dass spezifische Formen der Risikoakzeptanz und Risikopraeferenz sehr wohl Faktoren der persoenlichen Lebensgestaltung sein koennen und auch in wirtschaftlichen Unternehmungen definierbare Groessen sind, dass sie aber fuer vom Menschen angestossene Veraenderungen in der Umwelt und hier insbesondere im Bereich der stofflichen Vorgaenge in den globalen Dimensionen nicht eingebracht werden koennen oder wenigstens eine sehr eigene

3D Printing the ATLAS' barrel toroid

CERN Document Server

Goncalves, Tiago Barreiro

2016-01-01

The present report summarizes my work as part of the Summer Student Programme 2016 in the CERN IR-ECO-TSP department (International Relations – Education, Communication & Outreach – Teacher and Student Programmes). Particularly, I worked closely with the S’Cool LAB team on a science education project. This project included the 3D designing, 3D printing, and assembling of a model of the ATLAS’ barrel toroid. A detailed description of the project' development is presented and a short manual on how to use 3D printing software and hardware is attached.

Functions of phenylalanine residues within the beta-barrel stem of the anthrax toxin pore.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jie Wang

2009-07-01

Full Text Available A key step of anthrax toxin action involves the formation of a protein-translocating pore within the endosomal membrane by the Protective Antigen (PA moiety. Formation of this transmembrane pore by PA involves interaction of the seven 2beta2-2beta3 loops of the heptameric precursor to generate a 14-strand transmembrane beta barrel.We examined the effects on pore formation, protein translocation, and cytotoxicity, of mutating two phenylalanines, F313 and F314, that lie at the tip the beta barrel, and a third one, F324, that lies part way up the barrel.Our results show that the function of these phenylalanine residues is to mediate membrane insertion and formation of stable transmembrane channels. Unlike F427, a key luminal residue in the cap of the pore, F313, F314, and F324 do not directly affect protein translocation through the pore. Our findings add to our knowledge of structure-function relationships of a key virulence factor of the anthrax bacillus.

Resource Review Board Celebrates the Magnet and Liquid Argon Barrel Tests in Hall 180

CERN Multimedia

Jenni, P.

2004-01-01

Address by the Director-General, R. Aymar, in front of the barrel cryostat. On 25th October 2004 many RRB delegates and guests, ATLAS National Contact Physicists, and colleagues from far and from CERN working on the Liquid Argon calorimeter and the magnet system were gathering in Hall 180 to celebrate the major milestones reached during the past months in this hall: the successful cold tests of the first barrel toroid coil, of the solenoid, and of the barrel Liquid Argon calorimeter. About 250 people spent a relaxing evening after the speeches by the Director-General R. Aymar and by the spokesperson who gave the following address: 'It is a great pleasure for me to welcome you all here in Hall 180 in the name of the ATLAS Collaboration! With a few words I would like to recall why we are actually here today to share, what I hope, is a relaxed and joyful moment. To concentrate it all in one sentence I could say: To thank cordially all the main actors for the enormous work accomplished here over many years,...

2015 - das Jahr der RDA - ein erster Statusbericht

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Inge Neuböck

2015-06-01

geben. Manchmal bin ich selbst erstaunt, wieviel eine so kleine Gruppe bewegen kann – Motor dazu ist das wirklich intensive Interesse und die Freude an der Mitarbeit von etwas Neuem bei jedem einzelnen Mitglied der AGs...

Bedarf an medizinischer Psychologie in der Zahnheilkunde:eine wissenschaftliche Untersuchung unter Zahnärzten und Zahnmedizinstudenten

OpenAIRE

Bastian, C. (Cordula)

2006-01-01

Die teilnehmenden Stichprobengruppen (52 Zahnärzte, 78 Studenten) wurden zu dem Thema "Bedarf an medizinischer Psychologie in der Zahnheilkunde" befragt, wobei eine Mehrheit von 89% aller Befragten eine psychologische Schulung eines Zahnarztes für wichtig erachtet. In Ermangelung einer ausreichenden psychologischen Vor- und Weiterbildung halten sich die befragten Zahnärzte und Studenten auch nicht für gut genug gerüstet, schwierige Situationen im Beruf adäquat zu meistern ("wenig bis durchsch...

"Achte auf Deine Gewohnheiten..." : eine institutionenethische Betrachtung aus Sicht der Evolutorischen Ökonomik

OpenAIRE

Beschorner, Thomas

2000-01-01

"Der Beitrag beabsichtigt, eine mögliche Neukonzeptualisierung der Wirtschafts- und Unternehmensethik zu skizzieren. Es wird ein theoretischer Zugang vorgestellt, der in der bisherigen Kontroverse zur Wirtschafts- und Unternehmensethik weitgehend unberücksichtigt blieb und einen vielversprechenden Ausgangspunkt für die derzeit anstehenden Fragen innerhalb der Diskussion bildet: Es geht um Elemente einer individualistisch fundierten Evolutorischen Ökonomik, die handlungstheoretische Überlegung...

Performances of the ATLAS Level-1 Muon barrel trigger during the Run-II data taking

CERN Document Server

Sessa, Marco; The ATLAS collaboration

2017-01-01

The Level-1 Muon Barrel Trigger is one of the main elements of the event selection of the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. It exploits the Resistive Plate Chambers (RPC) detectors to generate the trigger signal. The RPCs are placed in the barrel region of the ATLAS experiment: they are arranged in three concentric double layers and operate in a strong magnetic toroidal field. RPC detectors cover the pseudo-rapidity range $|\\eta|<1.05$ for a total surface of more than $4000\\ m^2$ and about 3600 gas volumes. The Level-1 Muon Trigger in the barrel region allows to select muon candidates with respect to their transverse momentum and associates them with the correct bunch-crossing number. The trigger system is able to take a decision within a latency of about 2 $\\mu s$. The detailed measurement of the RPC detector efficiencies and of the trigger performance during the ATLAS Run-II data taking is here presented.

Performance of the ATLAS Level-1 muon barrel trigger during the Run 2 data taking

CERN Document Server

AUTHOR|(INSPIRE)INSPIRE-00404546; The ATLAS collaboration

2018-01-01

The Level-1 Muon Barrel Trigger is one of the main elements of the event selection of the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. It exploits the Resistive Plate Chambers (RPC) detectors to generate the trigger signal. The RPCs are placed in the barrel region of the ATLAS experiment: they are arranged in three concentric double layers and operate in a strong magnetic toroidal field. RPC detectors cover the pseudo-rapidity range |η| < 1.05 for a total surface of more than 4000 m 2 and about 3600 gas volumes. The Level-1 Muon Trigger in the barrel region allows to select muon candidates according to their transverse momentum and associates them with the correct bunch-crossing. The trigger system is able to take a decision within a latency of about 2 μs. The measurement of the RPC detector efficiencies and the trigger performance during the ATLAS Run-II data taking are here presented.

Reversibility and two state behaviour in the thermal unfolding of oligomeric TIM barrel proteins.

Science.gov (United States)

Romero-Romero, Sergio; Costas, Miguel; Rodríguez-Romero, Adela; Alejandro Fernández-Velasco, D

2015-08-28

Temperature is one of the main variables that modulate protein function and stability. Thermodynamic studies of oligomeric proteins, the dominant protein natural form, have been often hampered because irreversible aggregation and/or slow reactions are common. There are no reports on the reversible equilibrium thermal unfolding of proteins composed of (β/α)8 barrel subunits, albeit this "TIM barrel" topology is one of the most abundant and versatile in nature. We studied the eponymous TIM barrel, triosephosphate isomerase (TIM), belonging to five species of different bacterial taxa. All of them were found to be catalytically efficient dimers. The three-dimensional structure of four enzymes was solved at high/medium resolution. Irreversibility and kinetic control were observed in the thermal unfolding of two TIMs, while for the other three the thermal unfolding was found to follow a two-state equilibrium reversible process. Shifts in the global stability curves of these three proteins are related to the organismal temperature range of optimal growth and modulated by variations in maximum stability temperature and in the enthalpy change at that temperature. Reversibility appears to correlate with the low isoelectric point, the absence of a residual structure in the unfolded state, small cavity volume in the native state, low conformational stability and a low melting temperature. Furthermore, the strong coupling between dimer dissociation and monomer unfolding may reduce aggregation and favour reversibility. It is therefore very thought-provoking to find that a common topological ensemble, such as the TIM barrel, can unfold/refold in the Anfinsen way, i.e. without the help of the cellular machinery.

Detergent-associated solution conformations of helical and beta-barrel membrane proteins.

Science.gov (United States)

Mo, Yiming; Lee, Byung-Kwon; Ankner, John F; Becker, Jeffrey M; Heller, William T

2008-10-23

Membrane proteins present major challenges for structural biology. In particular, the production of suitable crystals for high-resolution structural determination continues to be a significant roadblock for developing an atomic-level understanding of these vital cellular systems. The use of detergents for extracting membrane proteins from the native membrane for either crystallization or reconstitution into model lipid membranes for further study is assumed to leave the protein with the proper fold with a belt of detergent encompassing the membrane-spanning segments of the structure. Small-angle X-ray scattering was used to probe the detergent-associated solution conformations of three membrane proteins, namely bacteriorhodopsin (BR), the Ste2p G-protein coupled receptor from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the Escherichia coli porin OmpF. The results demonstrate that, contrary to the traditional model of a detergent-associated membrane protein, the helical proteins BR and Ste2p are not in the expected, compact conformation and associated with detergent micelles, while the beta-barrel OmpF is indeed embedded in a disk-like micelle in a properly folded state. The comparison provided by the BR and Ste2p, both members of the 7TM family of helical membrane proteins, further suggests that the interhelical interactions between the transmembrane helices of the two proteins differ, such that BR, like other rhodopsins, can properly refold to crystallize, while Ste2p continues to prove resistant to crystallization from an initially detergent-associated state.

Spontane Mobilisierung und der Wandel kollektiver Formationen im Internet. Eine Fallstudie zur PEGIDA-Bewegung

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sang-hui Nam

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Der vorliegende Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, wie sich eine aus spontaner Mobilisierung entstandene soziale Bewegung als kollektive Formation im Internet entwickelt. Da spontane Bewegungen in aller Regel nur über eine schwache kollektive Identität verfügen, werden sie bislang überwiegend als Übergangsphänomen betrachtet. Viele Studien beschäftigten sich eher mit den Folgen spontaner Mobilisierung, insbesondere der Frage, wie daraus eine nachhaltige Bewegung entstehen kann. Die kollektive Formation selbst ist bis dato weitgehend eine Blackbox geblieben. In der vorliegenden Studie widme ich mich folgenden zentralen Forschungsfragen: 1. Wie werden kollektive Formationen aus spontanen ProtestteilnehmerInnen dargestellt und generiert? 2. Wie ändern sich diese im Verlauf der Mobilisierung? Im Mittelpunkt der empirischen Analyse stehen Online-Kommentare, die eine zunehmend wichtige Rolle für soziale Bewegungen und spontane Mobilisierungsprozesse spielen. Am Beispiel von PEGIDA wird die Konstruktion einer kollektiven Formation über Live-Kommentare zu Live-Übertragungen von PEGIDA-Demonstrationen sowie deren Wandel in drei Phasen untersucht. Im ersten Schritt werden die soziotechnischen Grundlagen kollektiven Handelns im Internet erläutert. Der zweite Schritt befasst sich mit der methodischen Vorgehensweise. Im dritten Schritt werden ausgewählte Textpassagen von Online-Kommentaren analysiert. Anschließend wird der Wandel kollektiver Formationen nachgezeichnet. URN: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs170138

Fenomen erozije cevi naoružanja / Gun barrel erosion

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Slobodan Ilić

2009-07-01

Full Text Available U radu su prikazana dosadašnja istraživanja erozije cevi. Trošenje cevi je neizbežan proces do kojeg dolazi pri svakom opaljenju. Erozija cevi može se definisati kao progresivna povreda ili oštećenje površine cevi i proširenje kalibra usled opaljenja, koja utiče na: gubitak ili pad početne brzine projektila, tačnost i efektivnost oruđa. Kao glavni uzročnici koji utiču na intenzitet erozije cevi opisani su termički, hemijski i mehanički faktori. Njihov uticaj prikazan je u interakciji cev-projektil-barutno punjenje. / An overview of research into gun barrel erosion is presented in this paper. The gun bore wear is an unavoidable process during normal firing. The wear can be defined as progressive damage of the bore surface and enlargement of the bore, ultimately resulting in loss in the muzzle velocity, range and accuracy. Thermal, chemical and mechanical factors are described as major factors of gun barrel erosion. The influence of these factors is presented in the interaction of gun tube - projectile - propellant.

Design and construction of the ZEUS barrel calorimeter

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Repond, J.

1990-01-01

The mechanical design and construction techniques of the barrel calorimeter for the ZEUS detector are presented. The calorimeter uses alternate layers of depleted uranium and scintillator with one radiation length sampling. The unit cell has e/h = 1 which yields an optimal energy resolution for hadronic jets. We discuss the placing of the structural components and cracks between modules. Details of the construction and assembly effort needed to realize the total calorimeter are reported. 4 figs., 1 tab

Combining image processing and modeling to generate traces of beta-strands from cryo-EM density images of beta-barrels.

Science.gov (United States)

Si, Dong; He, Jing

2014-01-01

Electron cryo-microscopy (Cryo-EM) technique produces 3-dimensional (3D) density images of proteins. When resolution of the images is not high enough to resolve the molecular details, it is challenging for image processing methods to enhance the molecular features. β-barrel is a particular structure feature that is formed by multiple β-strands in a barrel shape. There is no existing method to derive β-strands from the 3D image of a β-barrel at medium resolutions. We propose a new method, StrandRoller, to generate a small set of possible β-traces from the density images at medium resolutions of 5-10Å. StrandRoller has been tested using eleven β-barrel images simulated to 10Å resolution and one image isolated from the experimentally derived cryo-EM density image at 6.7Å resolution. StrandRoller was able to detect 81.84% of the β-strands with an overall 1.5Å 2-way distance between the detected and the observed β-traces, if the best of fifteen detections is considered. Our results suggest that it is possible to derive a small set of possible β-traces from the β-barrel cryo-EM image at medium resolutions even when no separation of the β-strands is visible in the images.

When the Soul has left the Body: A presentation and analysis of the moment of death within the German version of Dirc van Delft’s Table of Christian Faith

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Robbe, Joost Roger

2018-01-01

This article provides a literary analysis of a 15th-century text, Die sele als sy verscheiden is uitten lichaem (When the soul has left the body), which, until now, remains overlooked and unedited by current scholarship. The text describes what happens to the soul immediately after the moment of ...... Die sele als sy verscheiden is uitten lichaem bears clear testimony to the Late-Medieval shift towards an autonomous approach to death and the need to be the architect of one’s own salvation, as described by the French medievalist and historian Philippe Ariès (1981)....... of physical death and is found in the German version of Dirc van Delft’s Table of Christian Faith. This article discusses the context, function and structure of the text in both its German and (original) Dutch version, and it offers a critical edition and English translation. It concludes by suggesting why...

Climate-friendly electromobility. Financial obstacles to the market introduction by 2020; Klimafreundliche Elektromobilitaet. Finanzielle Huerden zur Markteinfuehrung bis 2020

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kortlueke, Norbert; Pieprzyk, Bjoern

2010-05-15

Grundlage unterschiedlicher Szenarien. Die Studie berechnet ausserdem die vermiedenen Treibhausgasemissionen sowie die vermiedenen Importkosten fossiler Energietraeger. Foerderbedarf der E-Mobilitaet: Bis 2020 sollen nach den Planungen der Bundesregierung eine Million (Strassen-) Fahrzeuge elektrisch betrieben werden. Um dieses Ziel zu erreichen, bedarf es einer Foerderung um die Investitionsmehrkosten auszugleichen. Ausgehend von einer Flotte aus Leichtfahrzeugen, PKW herkoemmlicher Bauweise, Plug-in-Hybrid-Fahrzeugen, Kleintransportern und Bussen belaeuft sich das Foerdervolumen bis 2020 auf etwa 840 Millionen Euro. Grundlage der Berechnung ist dabei eine Prognose ueber die Entwicklung der Energiekosten (200 US${sub 2008}/Barrel Oel im Jahr 2020) und der Batteriekosten (300 Euro/kWh im Jahr 2020). Die Berechnungen zeigen, dass das gesteckte Ziel mit diesem Foerdervolumen erreicht werden kann. Dabei werden die bei der Anschaffung eines Elektrofahrzeugs entstehenden Differenzkosten gegenueber konventionellen Fahrzeugen mit Verbrennungsmotor vollstaendig ausgeglichen. Das Foerdervolumen wird nicht linear auf die Jahre verteilt, sondern richtet sich nach der Verfuegbarkeit der entsprechenden Fahrzeugklasse. So wird in den ersten Jahren schwerpunktmaessig der Ausbau von Leichtfahrzeugen gefoerdert, wobei sich die Foerderung zwischen 2012 und 2014 auf den Bereich von Klein- und Mittelklassewagen verschiebt. Im Jahr 2015 erreicht die Foerderung mit knapp 140 Millionen Euro ihren Hoehepunkt und kann danach schrittweise zurueckgefahren werden. Ab 2020 wuerden alle Elektrofahrzeuge wirtschaftlich rentabel sein. Bei einem moderaten Energiepreisanstieg (100 US${sub 2008}/Barrel Oel im Jahr 2020) erhoeht sich das Foerdervolumen auf eine Milliarde Euro bis 2020. Der Foerderhoehepunkt liegt mit knapp 160 Millionen Euro dabei erst im Jahr 2016. Auch 2020 und darueber hinaus wuerde noch eine Foerderung von Elektro-Kleinwagen notwendig sein. Ein anderes Bild zeigt sich, wenn die

Effectiveness of low impact development practices in two urbanized watersheds: retrofitting with rain barrel/cistern and porous pavement.

Science.gov (United States)

Ahiablame, Laurent M; Engel, Bernard A; Chaubey, Indrajeet

2013-04-15

The impacts of urbanization on hydrology and water quality can be minimized with the use of low impact development (LID) practices in urban areas. This study assessed the performance of rain barrel/cistern and porous pavement as retrofitting technologies in two urbanized watersheds of 70 and 40 km(2) near Indianapolis, Indiana. Six scenarios consisting of the watershed existing condition, 25% and 50% implementation of rain barrel/cistern and porous pavement, and 25% rain barrel/cistern combined with 25% porous pavement were evaluated using a proposed LID modeling framework and the Long-Term Hydrologic Impact Assessment (L-THIA)-LID model. The model was calibrated for annual runoff from 1991 to 2000, and validated from 2001 to 2010 for the two watersheds. For the calibration period, R(2) and NSE values were greater than 0.60 and 0.50 for annual runoff and streamflow. Baseflow was not calibrated in this study. During the validation period, R(2) and NSE values were greater than 0.50 for runoff and streamflow, and 0.30 for baseflow in the two watersheds. The various application levels of barrel/cistern and porous pavement resulted in 2-12% reduction in runoff and pollutant loads for the two watersheds. Baseflow loads slightly increased with increase in baseflow by more than 1%. However, reduction in runoff led to reduction in total streamflow and associated pollutant loads by 1-9% in the watersheds. The results also indicate that the application of 50% rain barrel/cistern, 50% porous pavement and 25% rain barrel/cistern combined with 25% porous pavement are good retrofitting options in these watersheds. The L-THIA-LID model can be used to inform management and decision-making for implementation of LID practices at the watershed scale. Copyright © 2013. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

When is cartilage repair successful?; Wann ist eine Knorpelreparatur erfolgreich

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Raudner, M.; Roehrich, S.; Zalaudek, M.; Trattnig, S. [Medizinische Universitaet Wien, Exzellenzzentrum Hochfeld-MR, Universitaetsklinik fuer Radiologie und Nuklearmedizin, Wien (Austria); Schreiner, M.M. [Medizinische Universitaet Wien, Universitaetsklinik fuer Orthopaedie, Wien (Austria)

2017-11-15

Focal cartilage lesions are a cause of long-term disability and morbidity. After cartilage repair, it is crucial to evaluate long-term progression or failure in a reproducible, standardized manner. This article provides an overview of the different cartilage repair procedures and important characteristics to look for in cartilage repair imaging. Specifics and pitfalls are pointed out alongside general aspects. After successful cartilage repair, a complete, but not hypertrophic filling of the defect is the primary criterion of treatment success. The repair tissue should also be completely integrated to the surrounding native cartilage. After some months, the transplants signal should be isointense compared to native cartilage. Complications like osteophytes, subchondral defects, cysts, adhesion and chronic bone marrow edema or joint effusion are common and have to be observed via follow-up. Radiological evaluation and interpretation of postoperative changes should always take the repair method into account. (orig.) [German] Die Therapie fokaler Knorpelschaeden ist weiterhin eine klinische Herausforderung. Nach erfolgter Sanierung gilt es daher besonders, Erfolg und Misserfolg zu evaluieren und den Verlauf standardisiert und somit reproduzierbar zu beurteilen. Dieser Artikel bietet einen Ueberblick ueber gaengige Reparaturverfahren und deren Charakteristika in der Magnetresonanztomographie. Nach einer erfolgreichen Knorpelreparatur ist eine vollstaendige, aber nicht hypertrophe Fuellung des Knorpeldefekts das primaere Kriterium. Zum umgebenden Nativknorpel ist ausserdem eine durchgehende Integration des Transplantats vordergruendig. Im weiteren postoperativen Verlauf sollte das Transplantat ausserdem ein im Vergleich zu nativem Knorpel isointenses Signalverhalten zeigen. Haeufig beobachtete Komplikationen sind zentrale Osteophyten, subchondrale Defekte, Zysten, chronifizierte Knochenmarksoedeme, Gelenkserguesse oder Adhaesionen. Die radiologische Beurteilung dieser

Kontrolle des Verwaltungsrates : eine Untersuchung der internen und externen Kontrollinstitutionen, -instrumente und -mechanismen

OpenAIRE

Reust, Dominik

2014-01-01

Eine wichtige Erkenntnis dieser Arbeit ist, dass eine effiziente und effektive Kontrolle des Verwaltungsrates nur über das Zusammenspiel der internen körperschaftlichen Kontrollinstitutionen und -instrumente mit den externen Kontrollinstitutionen und Kontrollmechanismen des Marktes erreicht wird. Die Vorschriften der VegüV betreffend transparente Entschädigungspolitik und unabhängige Stimmrechtsvertreter sowie die in der Aktienrechtsrevision angestrebte Stärkung der Informations-, Mitwirk...

Bibliothekarische Berufsethik in der Praxis – Ergebnisse eines Studienprojekts aus Deutschland und Großbritannien

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jens Boye

2011-10-01

Full Text Available Sowohl in Deutschland als auch in Großbritannien existieren seit einigen Jahren Grundsatzpapiere zur Berufsethik im Informations- und Bibliotheksbereich. Neben der bloßen Existenz derartiger Kodizes stellt sich die Frage, welche Relevanz diese Dokumente in der beruflichen Praxis haben. Dieser Frage wurde im Rahmen einer Team-Projektarbeit an der FH Köln nachgegangen. Mithilfe eines standardisierten Fragebogens wurden deutsche Bibliotheksleitungen zu der Thematik befragt. In Großbritannien wurde ein Interview mit Paul Sturges geführt, darüber hinaus erfolgte eine Analyse der Online-Angebote von CILIP, insbesondere des Information Ethics Blog.

Texture coarseness responsive neurons and their mapping in layer 2–3 of the rat barrel cortex in vivo

Science.gov (United States)

Garion, Liora; Dubin, Uri; Rubin, Yoav; Khateb, Mohamed; Schiller, Yitzhak; Azouz, Rony; Schiller, Jackie

2014-01-01

Texture discrimination is a fundamental function of somatosensory systems, yet the manner by which texture is coded and spatially represented in the barrel cortex are largely unknown. Using in vivo two-photon calcium imaging in the rat barrel cortex during artificial whisking against different surface coarseness or controlled passive whisker vibrations simulating different coarseness, we show that layer 2–3 neurons within barrel boundaries differentially respond to specific texture coarsenesses, while only a minority of neurons responded monotonically with increased or decreased surface coarseness. Neurons with similar preferred texture coarseness were spatially clustered. Multi-contact single unit recordings showed a vertical columnar organization of texture coarseness preference in layer 2–3. These findings indicate that layer 2–3 neurons perform high hierarchical processing of tactile information, with surface coarseness embodied by distinct neuronal subpopulations that are spatially mapped onto the barrel cortex. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.03405.001 PMID:25233151

Therapie einer postoperativ entstandenen zystischen Raumforderung mit Picibanil (OK-432): Ein Fallbericht

OpenAIRE

Schlüter, A; Weller, P; Mattheis, S; Lang, S

2014-01-01

Einleitung: Picibanil (=OK432) ist ein Lysat bestehend aus Penicillin G und mit H2O2 attenuiertem Streptococcus pyogenes. In den letzten Jahrzehnten wurde Picibanil zur Therapie von Pleuraergüssen, Lymphangiomen, Chylusfisteln, medianen Halszysten und Ranulae eingesetzt. Es verursacht eine Immunreaktion mit aseptischer Entzündung. Dies führt zu einer Zerstörung des Endothels und konsekutiv zu einer Verklebung und Schrumpfung des Zystensacks.Falldarstellung: Wir berichten über einen 40-jähri...

Entwicklung eines Summenparameters für potenziell bioakkumulierbare Stoffe (PBS) im Abwasser

OpenAIRE

Stenz, Georg

2001-01-01

Es wurde ein Summenparameter für potenziell bioakkumulierbare Stoffe (PBS) im Abwasser entwickelt. Der Summenparameter soll als Instrumentarium zur Überwachung von Einleitungen, Emissionen und Verlusten an anreicherungsfähigen Stoffen eingesetzt werden, da die Bioakkumulation besonders für marine Ökosysteme ein Gefährdungskriterium darstellt. Stoffe werden nach dem „Technical Guidance Document (TGD)“ als potenziell bioakkumulierbar bertrachtet, wenn deren log POW-Wert größer als drei ist. Der...

27 CFR 25.160 - Tax adjustment for brewers who produce more than 2,000,000 barrels of beer.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... who produce more than 2,000,000 barrels of beer. 25.160 Section 25.160 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO TAX AND TRADE BUREAU, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY LIQUORS BEER Tax on Beer Determination of Tax § 25.160 Tax adjustment for brewers who produce more than 2,000,000 barrels of beer. Each...

Upgrade of the ATLAS Muon Barrel Trigger for HL-LHC

CERN Document Server

Romano, Marino; The ATLAS collaboration

2015-01-01

The present ATLAS muon trigger in the barrel region (|eta|<1.05) is based on three layers of RPC chambers. It was designed to run for 10 years at the LHC luminosity of 10^{34} cm^{-2}s^{-1} and operated successfully and with high selectivity during the first run of the LHC. In order to ensure a stable performance of the RPCs until 2035 at the higher rates and at luminosities of 5-7x10^{34} cm^{-2}s^{-1} provided by HL-LHC, the chambers will have to be operated with reduced gas gain to respect the original design limits on currents and integrated charge. The ATLAS muon collaboration proposes an upgrade of the system by installing an inner layer of new generation RPCs during the LHC shutdown expected for the year 2023. This new layer will increase the system redundancy and therefore allow operation with high efficiency and high selectivity during the HL-LHC phase. The insertion of this new layer will also increase the geometrical acceptance in the barrel region from 75% to 95%. Moreover, the additional measu...

Upgrade of the ATLAS Muon Barrel Trigger for HL-LHC.

CERN Document Server

Biondi, Silvia; The ATLAS collaboration

2015-01-01

The present ATLAS muon trigger in the barrel region (|η | < 1.05) is based on three layers of RPC chambers. It was designed to run for 10 years at the LHC luminosity of 1034cm−2s−1 and operated successfully and with high selectivity during the first run of the LHC. In order to ensure a stable performance of the RPCs until 2035 at the higher rates and at luminosities of 5−7x1034cm−2s−1 provided by HL-LHC, the chambers will have to be operated with reduced gas gain to respect the original design limits on currents and integrated charge. The ATLAS muon collaboration proposes an upgrade of the system by installing an inner layer of new generation RPCs during the LHC shutdown expected for the year 2023. This new layer will increase the system redundancy and therefore allow operation with high efficiency and high selectivity during the HL-LHC phase. The insertion of this new layer will also increase the geometrical acceptance in the barrel region from 75% to 95%. Moreover, the additional measurements ...

First physics pulses in the Barrel Electromagnetic Calorimeter with cosmics

CERN Multimedia

Laurent Serin

2006-01-01

The electromagnetic barrel calorimeter has been installed in its final position in October 2005. Since then, the calorimeter is being equipped with front-end electronics. Starting in April 2006, electronics calibration runs are taken a few times per week to debug the electronics and to study the performance in the pit (stability, noise). Today, 10 out of the 32 Front End crates are being read out, amounting to about 35000 channels. cool down, few little typos --> After a 6-week cool down, the barrel cryostat was filled with Liquid Argon in May. The presence of a few shorts (~1MΩ) at the edges of the modules was indicating the possibility of conducting dust having entered into the calorimeter with the flowing liquid. In order to try to improve this situation, the calorimeter was emptied and filled again, but this time by condensating the argon instead of flowing it in liquid phase. The new High Voltage tests are not showing any significant improvement but the situation is statisfactory for ATLAS runn...

Study on natural convection in core barrel. Experimental and numerical results for band type spacer pads

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hayashi, Kenji; Kawamata, Nobuhiro; Kamide, Hideki

2003-03-01

In a fast reactor an Inter-Wrapper Flow (IWF) is one of significant phenomena for decay heat removal under natural circulation condition, when a direct reactor auxiliary cooling system (DRACS) is adopted for decay heat removal system. Cold coolant provided by dipped heat exchangers (DHX) of DRACS can penetrate into the core barrel (region between the subassemblies) and it makes natural convection int he core barrel. Such IWF will depend on a spacer pad geometry of subassemblies. Water experiment, TRIF (Test Rig for Inter-wrapper Flow), was carried out for IWF in a reactor core. The test section modeled a 1/12th sector of the core and upper plenum of reactor vessel. Experimental parameters were the spacer pad geometry and flow path geometries connecting the upper plenum and core barrel. Numerical simulation using AQUA code was also performed to confirm applicability of a simulation method. An experimental series using a button type spacer pad had been carried out. Here a band type spacer pad was examined. Temperatures at subassembly wall were measured with parameter of the flow path geometries; one was a connection pipe between the upper plenum and core barrel and the other was flow hole in core former plates between the outermost subassemblies and the core barrel. It was found that these flow paths were effective to remove heat in the core in case of the band type spacer pad. A general purpose three dimensional analysis code, AQUA, was applied to the experimental analysis. Each subassembly and inter wrapper gap region were modeled by slab mesh geometry. Pressure loss coefficient at the pacer pad was set based on the geometry. The numerical simulation results were in good agreement with measured temperature profiles in the core. (author)

Wilhelm Wundts Nachlass. Eine Übersicht.

OpenAIRE

Fahrenberg, Jochen

2016-01-01

Wilhelm Wundts Publikationen bilden wahrscheinlich das umfangreichste, zweifellos aber das vielseitigste Werk eines Psychologen. Auch sein wissenschaftlicher Nachlass an Manuskripten, Exzerpten und Korrespondenz hat einen ungewöhnlichen Umfang. Während es an guten Digitalisaten seiner Publikationen noch mangelt, ist der allergrößte Teil des Wundt-Nachlasses seit Ende 2015 dokumentiert und digitalisiert (Meyer, 2015). Die Übersicht hat 12 Abschnitte: (1) Wundts Publikationen, Bibliographie...

Ustekinumab in der Therapie der Pustulosis palmoplantaris - Eine Fallserie mit neun Patienten.

Science.gov (United States)

Buder, Valeska; Herberger, Katharina; Jacobi, Arnd; Augustin, Matthias; Radtke, Marc Alexander

2016-11-01

Die Pustulosis palmoplantaris ist eine chronisch entzündliche Hauterkrankung, die mit bedeutenden Einschränkungen der Lebensqualität und der Belastbarkeit einhergeht. Aufgrund von Zulassungsbeschränkungen und einem häufig therapierefraktären Verlauf sind die Behandlungsmöglichkeiten limitiert. Nach zuvor frustranen Therapien erhielten 9 Patienten mit Pustulosis palmoplantaris nach Ausschluss einer latenten Tuberkulose Ustekinumab (45 mg Ustekinumab bei  100 kg KG) in Woche 0, 4, 12 und 24. Reguläre Visiten erfolgten nach 4 und 12 Wochen, im weiteren Verlauf alle 12 Wochen. Das Durchschnittsalter bei Therapiebeginn betrug 48 Jahre. Drei Patienten waren männlich. Bei n  =  4 Patienten (44,4 %) wurde eine Verbesserung um 75 % des Palmoplantar-Psoriasis-Area-Severity-Index (PPPASI) erreicht. Insgesamt verbesserte sich der PPPASI nach 24 Wochen durchschnittlich um 71,6 %. Eine komplette Abheilung zeigte sich bei n  =  2 Patienten nach 24 Wochen. Bis auf lokale Injektionsreaktionen und leichte Infekte wurden keine unerwünschten Wirkungen beobachtet. Die Fallserie ist ein weiterer Beleg für die Wirksamkeit und Verträglichkeit von Ustekinumab in der Therapie der Pustulosis palmoplantaris. Zur Beurteilung der Langzeitwirkung und -sicherheit sowie der Wirksamkeit einer intermittierenden Therapie sind kontrollierte Studiendaten sowie Beobachtungen im Rahmen von Patientenregistern notwendig. © 2016 Deutsche Dermatologische Gesellschaft (DDG). Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Ein "global orientiertes Geschichtsbewusstsein" als zukünftige Herausforderung der Geschichtsdidaktik?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Susanne Popp

2002-07-01

Full Text Available Für den Geschichtsunterricht, der in seinem Kerncurriculum nationalhistorisch ausgerichtet ist, stellt die Globalisierung eine große Herausforderung dar. Der Beitrag untersucht die Frage, ob und in welcher Weise die aktuelle deutsche Geschichtsdidaktik sich mit dem Thema der "Globalisierung" auseinandersetzt, und stellt die Schwierigkeiten für eine ernsthafte Annäherung an dieses Thema dar. Denn, so wird gezeigt, der Weg zu einer angemessenen geschichtsdidaktischen Antwort auf die Herausforderungen der Globalisierung kann nicht auf dem Weg zusätzlicher Inhalte gefunden werden, sondern erfordert eine konzeptionelle Herangehensweise. Deshalb skizziert der Beitrag in knapper Form neue historische Ansätze einer "globally conceptualized world history" und leitet daraus erste geschichtsdidaktische Überlegungen ab. Des weiteren werden Geschichtscurricula aus anderen Ländern, die sich mit "world history" befassen, dargestellt, diskutiert und auf Anregungen für die geschichtsdidaktische Diskussion befragt. Sie können die keine fertigen Lösungen bieten, doch Wahrnehmung der Probleme schärfen und Impulse für die geschichtsdidaktische Diskussion geben.

Plädoyer wider eine (medien-pädagogische Universalpragmatik. Für die "Medienperformanz"

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Christine Trültzsch-Wijnen

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Ausgehend von Dieter Baackes Medienkompetenzbegriff und den Diskussionen zur media literacy referiert die Autorin die (linguistische und sprachphilosophische Herkunft des Kompetenzdiskurses bei Saussure, Chomsky, Searle und Habermas, um zu erläutern, wie noch die Unterscheidung von Medienkritik, Medienkunde, Mediennutzung und Mediengestaltung in den aktuellen Diskussionen von einer Schärfung der Unterscheidung von Kompetenz und Performanz profitieren kann. Insbesondere die Diskussionen zum "Medialen Habitus" sind dabei eine Referenz, um medienpädagogische Fragen nach der sozialen Ungleichheit in den Mittelpunkt zu rücken. Dabei wird betont, dass ein geschärfter Blick auf die Performanz nach wie vor ein Desiderat der medienpädagogischen Forschung darstellt. Insgesamt stellt der Beitrag ein Plädoyer für eine sozial gerechte Medienpädagogik dar. Starting from Dieter Baackes media literacy concept and the actual discussions on media literacy the author analyses the (linguistic and philosophical origins of competence discourse referring Saussure, Chomsky, Searle and Habermas to explain how even the distinction of media criticism, media studies, media usage and media design in the current discussions can benefit of a sharpening of the distinction between competence and performance. In particular, the discussions about "Media Habitus" are a reference to focus on questions of social inequality. It is emphasized that a keen eye on "performance" still represents a desideratum of research in media education. Overall, the article presents a plea for social justice in media education.

A review on the gun barrel vibrations and control for a main battle tank

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tolga Dursun

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Achieving high hitting accuracy for a main battle tank is challenging while the tank is on the move. This can be reached by proper design of a weapon control and gun system. In order to design an effective gun system while the tank is moving, better understanding of the dynamic behavior of the gun system is required. In this study, the dynamic behaviour of a gun system is discussed in this respect. Both experimental and numerical applications for the determination of the dynamic behaviour of a tank gun system are investigated. Methods such as the use of muzzle reference system (MRS and vibration absorbers, and active vibration control technology for the control and the reduction of the muzzle tip deflections are also reviewed. For the existing gun systems without making substantial modifications, MRS could be useful in controlling the deflections of gun barrels with estimation/prediction algorithms. The vibration levels could be cut into half by the use of optimised vibration absorbers for an existing gun. A new gun system with a longer barrel can be as accurate as the one with a short barrel with the appropriate structural modifications.

New results in meson spectroscopy from the crystal barrel experiment

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Meyer, C.A. [Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA (United States)

1994-04-01

Recent observations by the Crystal Barrel experiment of two scalar resonances, f{sub o}(1365) and a{sub o}(1450) have allowed the authors to clarify the members of the scalar nonet. In addition, a third scalar, f{sub o}(1500), appears to be supernumerary, and is a candidate for the scalar glueball expected near 1500 MeV.

Monitoring of the ageing of the DELPHI Barrel RICH MWPCs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Apeldoorn, G.; Buys, A.; Dracos, M.; Toet, D.Z.

1996-01-01

We describe a method to monitor ageing effects in the multiwire proportional chambers (MWPCs) of the barrel ring imaging Cherenkov (BRICH) detector of DELPHI. It is based on a measurement of plateau-curve characteristics and the shift of these as a function of the total collected charge. Results indicate that, as yet, no ageing effects are present. (orig.)

Device for cementing radioactive of toxic waste into barrels

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hempelmann, W.; Waldenmeier, G.; Mathis, P.; Mathis, B.; Mathis, F.

1987-01-01

The plant consists of conventional means, such as through mixers and dosing and transport spirals, which are accommodated in a glovebox. The inactive additives cement and sand and the active materials evaporation concentrates and sludges are mixed by them, and are then filled into a waste barrel which is empty or already filled with solid waste. Liquid radioactive wastes are used to concrete over the solid waste. (DG) [de

Non-compensation of the ATLAS barrel combined calorimeter prototype

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kul'chitskij, Yu.A.; Kuz'min, M.V.

1998-01-01

The e / π ratio for the ATLAS Barrel Combined Calorimeter Prototype, composed from electromagnetic LArg calorimeter and hadronic Tile calorimeter was investigated. Response of Combined Calorimeter on pions and electrons in the energy region of 20-300 GeV was studied. Found e / h = 1.37 ± 0.01 ± 0.02 is in good agreement with the results from previous Combined Calorimeter tests but has more precisions

Quantentheorie ein Sachcomic

CERN Document Server

McEvoy, J P

2016-01-01

Man kommt auch durchs Leben, wenn man nichts über Quantentheorie weiß. Es geht ja auch nur um Kleinigkeiten (Elektronik, Kernspin, Atomwaffen und andere Winzigkeiten). Elementarteilchen können unsere Alltagslogik doch nicht aus der Bahn werfen?! Probieren Sie es aus, kommen Sie mit in Welten, wo nichts wirklich unmöglich ist – irgendwo. Wo etwas mit den Eigenschaften von Teilchen oder von Wellen beschrieben werden kann, wo es auch Viertelwahrheiten gibt. Und Schrödingers Katze ist auch dabei – oder nicht? Quantentheorie ist zugegeben nicht einfach zu verstehen, aber sie ist ein faszinierendes intellektuelles Abenteuer. Dieser Sachcomic begleitet Ihre Entdeckungsreise auch visuell. Schwieriges wird hier mit Geduld, Witz und vor allen Dingen verständlich erklärt.

Ein Frankfurter Sicherheitsregime. Neoliberale Sicherheitsproduktion in der ,Hauptstadt des Verbrechensʼ

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anna Kern

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Während sich staatliche Sicherheitspolitik fortwährend verändert, scheint die Kritik an ihr verhältnismäßig unflexibel. Vielmehr wird der ständige Prozess der Ausdifferenzierung und Transformation der staatlichen Sicherheitsapparate von ihren Kritiker_innen seit Jahrzehnten so vehement mit Warnungen vor der Herausbildung eines totalitären Überwachungsstaates begleitet, dass diese zunehmend zu Unkenrufen verkommen. Mit dem Begriff des Sicherheitsregimes wird im Folgenden gegen einen Alarmismus argumentiert, der sich in Hinweisen auf die ständige Eskalation von Sicherheitspolitiken und eine damit einhergehende Beschneidung der Freiheit von Bürger_innen, Prekarisierten, Exkludierten oder sozialen Bewegungen erschöpft. Denn eine Kritik, die bei Skandalisierungen verbleibt, ist einerseits blind für qualitative Veränderungen. Andererseits schreibt sie selbst tradierte Herrschaftsverhältnisse fest, indem sie Vergangenes romantisiert und so an der Erzählung von der grundsätzlichen Alternativlosigkeit einer herrschaftsförmig organisierten Gesellschaft mitwirkt.Dagegen wird eine materialistische Analyseperspektive eingenommen, die die Transformationen von Politiken der Sicherheit im Kontext der historischen Entwicklung der kapitalistischen Produktionsweise begreift. Anhand von Fallbeispielen zum Polizieren der Felder häusliche Gewalt und gewaltaffine Fußballfans in Frankfurt am Main wird die neoliberale Konzeption des umfassenden Zusammenwirkens öffentlicher, privatwirtschaftlicher und zivilgesellschaftlicher Akteure empirisch skizziert und das sich ausdifferenzierende Akteursfeld in diesem Bereich dargestellt. So können auch soziale Konfliktlinien identifiziert werden, die über die herkömmliche Gegenüberstellung von Freiheit und Sicherheit hinausweisen.

Endometrial Intraepithelial Neoplasia (EIN In An Endometrial Polyp

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Devic Ana

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN is a monoclonal neoplastic cell proliferation of the endometrium associated with a significantly increased risk of endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma. We herein present the case of a 58-year-old female patient who underwent a hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy because of the existence of endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia in an endometrial polyp. The patient had irregular uterine bleeding, which lasted 10 days. An endometrial polyp was diagnosed by ultrasound examination. The polyp was located in the isthmus of the uterus, on the back wall, and measured 32 mm × 25 mm. The patient underwent fractional dilation and curettage, and the specimens were subjected to a histopathological examination. The histopathological findings were EIN, endometrioid type, a focus of which was found within the endometrial polyps, as well as the endometrial polyp and proliferative endometrium. The endocervical tissue was normal. Given the age of the patient and the histopathological findings, she underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. The final histopathological findings were EIN, endometrioid type with a focus found within the endometrial polyp; endometrial polyp; simple hyperplasia; chronic inflammation of the uterine cervix; hyperkeratosis of the cervical squamous epithelium; and cervicitis chronica. There was also hydrosalpinx of the left fallopian tube, and cystic follicles in the left ovary. There was no significant morphological change in the right ovary or fallopian tube. The surgical and postoperative course were normal. The patient was sent home on the fifth postoperative day in good general condition. A check-up performed one month after surgery showed normal findings.

Current Status of the Pixel Phase I Upgrade in CMS: Barrel Module Production

CERN Document Server

Bartek, Rachel

2016-01-01

The silicon pixel detector is the innermost component of the CMS tracking system, providing high precision space point measurements of charged particle trajectories. Before 2018 the instantaneous luminosity of the LHC is expected to reach about 2~x~$10^{34}~\\rm{cm}^{-2}\\rm{s}^{-1}$, which will significantly increase the number of interactions per bunch crossing. To maintain a high tracking efficiency, CMS has planned to replace the current pixel system during phase I by a new lightweight detector, equipped with an additional 4th layer in the barrel, and one additional forward/backward disk. The present status of barrel modules production will be presented, including preliminary results from tests on the first production pixel modules of the new pixel tracker.

How should communal gas supply be organized?; Wie muss eine kommunale Gasversorgung organisiert sein?

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wolters, T.

2000-06-01

Reliable gas supply requires a reliable and economical organisational and procedural structure. These aspects were discussed theoretically and with the aid of examples in a diploma thesis which received a DVGW award. [German] Eine sichere Gasversorgung verlangt auch nach einer planvollen und angemessenen Aufbau- und Ablauforganisation eines Unternehmens. In einer vom DVGW ausgezeichneten Diplomarbeit wurden diese Aspekte theoretisch und an Beispielen eroertert. (orig.)

Neue Generation, neue Medien und eine neue Bildung?

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Bastiaens, Theo; Schrader, Claudia

2018-01-01

Extract Neue Generation, neue Medien und eine neue Bildung? Theo Bastiaens & Claudia Schrader Abstract This chapter focuses on the question of what influence societal changes have on learners, their learning behavior and the curriculum. Fact is that there has been one major change with an

Medienpädagogik unter der differenztheoretischen Lupe. Eine Identitätssuche zwischen Disziplin und Profession

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Franziska Linke

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Der Beitrag diskutiert die dem Themenheft zugrundeliegende Fragestellung nach der Konstitution der Medienpädagogik aus einer systemtheoretischen Perspektive. Dabei wird im Anschluss an Stichweh (2013 Ansatz der funktionalen Differenzierung ein Untersuchungsrahmen aufgezeigt, der es ermöglicht, die Medienpädagogik sowohl aus wissenschaftssoziologischer als auch professionssoziologischer Perspektive zu betrachten. Gerade die zentrale Rolle der (digitalen Medien für Lern- und Bildungsprozesse sowie für den Arbeitsmarkt (u. a. KMK 2016 verlangt eine stetige Reflexion professioneller Handlungssysteme der Medienpädagogik, die nicht losgelöst von der Frage nach dem Selbstverständnis der Medienpädagogik als Wissenschaftsdisziplin gelingen kann (u. a. Hugger 2001. Divergierende theoretische Positionierungen der Akteurinnen und Akteure sowie verschiedene Zielvorstellungen zur Medienpädagogik selbst und zu dem, was sie praktisch leisten kann, erschweren ein solches Vorhaben. Die Autorinnen des Beitrags begeben sich daher, unter Berücksichtigung der Differenzierung zwischen Disziplin und Profession, auf die Suche nach möglichen Antworten. Vorgeschlagen wird eine erweiterte Betrachtungsweise, welche die Medienpädagogik als wissenschaftliche Produktionsgemeinschaft beschreibt und dadurch Potenziale eröffnet theoretische und empirische Erkenntnisse von Akteurinnen und Akteuren unterschiedlicher wissenschaftlicher Disziplinen mit Medienzusammenhang zu berücksichtigen. Ferner wird dargelegt, dass ein solcher Beschreibungsansatz neue Forschungsperspektiven auf die professionstheoretische Einordnung praktischer Handlungssysteme der Medienpädagogik eröffnen kann.

Entwicklung und Umsetzung eines XML-basierten elektronischen Arzneimittelinformationssystems (AIS) mit XML-Topic Maps

OpenAIRE

Bánffy-Jósika, Emmerich

2006-01-01

Die Arzneimittelliste im Klinikum der Justus-Liebig-Universiät Gießen wurde erstmals 1974 unter dem Namen Hausliste erstellt, und war aus damaliger Sicht eine wertvolle Arbeitserleichterung, allerdings boten die einfachen Textdokumente aus heutiger Sicht keine optimalen Suchmöglichkeiten. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit lag somit darin, die wertvollen Dokumentinhalte der alten Version der Hausliste optimal nutzbar zu machen, und damit ein modernes Arzneimittelinformationssystem zu etablieren. Dafür wu...

Influence of the botanical origin and toasting level on the ellagitannin content of wines aged in new and used oak barrels.

Science.gov (United States)

Navarro, María; Kontoudakis, Nikolaos; Gómez-Alonso, Sergio; García-Romero, Esteban; Canals, Joan Miquel; Hermosín-Gutíerrez, Isidro; Zamora, Fernando

2016-09-01

The influence of the botanical origin (French oak: Quercus petraea and American oak: Quercus alba) and different toasting levels (light, medium and heavy) on the ellagitannin content of wines aged in oak barrels has been studied. This took place in two consecutive vintages in order to study what happens after the barrels have been already used for one year with another wine. This study was carried out with two red wines (Cabernet Sauvignon) and with two decolored white wines (Macabeo) from vintages 2012 and 2013 in order to work with a simpler matrix which facilitates chemical analysis. The results show that the botanical origin, toasting level and the number of times that the barrels have been used exert a major influence on the final ellagitannin concentration. In general, the behavior of all the individual ellagitannins was very similar to that described for the total ellagitannins. Briefly, the levels of total ellagitannins concentration in the decolored white wine aged for 12months in new French barrels ranged between 31.2mg/L in the lightly toasted and 4.7mg/L in the heavy toasted. In contrast, these levels were quite lower in American new barrels ranging between 3.6mg/L and 0.9mg/L. Finally, the total ellagitannin concentration decreased an average of 63% in the wines aged in the one year used barrels. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The Barrel vascular reconstruction device for endovascular coiling of wide-necked intracranial aneurysms: a multicenter, prospective, post-marketing study.

Science.gov (United States)

Gory, Benjamin; Blanc, Raphaël; Turjman, Francis; Berge, Jérôme; Piotin, Michel

2018-02-02

The Barrel vascular reconstruction device (Barrel VRD) is a novel stent with design features that allow endovascular coiling of wide-necked bifurcation aneurysms while preserving adjacent branches, without necessitating dual stent implantation. This study aimed to assess the safety and effectiveness of the Barrel VRD at 12-month follow-up. The Barrel VRD trial is a prospective, multicenter, observational post-marketing registry evaluating the use of the Barrel VRD for treatment of wide-necked bifurcation aneurysms. The primary effectiveness endpoint was successful aneurysm treatment measured by digital subtraction angiography with a Raymond-Roy occlusion grade of 1 or 2 in the absence of retreatment, parent artery stenosis (>50%), or target aneurysm rupture at 12 months. The primary safety endpoint was the absence of neurological death or major stroke at 12 months. Twenty patients were enrolled from December 2013 to December 2014. The device was implanted in 19 patients with 19 aneurysms (8 middle cerebral artery, 4 anterior communicating artery, 1 internal carotid artery terminus, 4 basilar artery aneurysms; mean dome height 5.7±1.91 mm; mean neck length 4.8±1.35 mm, mean dome-to-neck ratio 1.6±2.0). Coiling was performed in all cases. The primary effectiveness endpoint was achieved in 78.9% of subjects (15/19; 12 complete occlusions, 3 neck remnants), and the primary safety endpoint was 5.3% (1/19). This prospective study demonstrates that the Barrel VRD device resulted in ~80% occlusion rates and ~5% rates of neurological complications at 1 year after endovascular treatment of wide-necked bifurcation intracranial aneurysms. REGISTERED CLINICAL TRIAL: NCT02125097;Results. © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

Scraping the bottom of the barrel

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Leite, L.F. [PETROBRAS (Brazil)

2001-03-01

This article focuses on technologies for upgrading residual streams to improve refiners margins, and reports on the refining technology programme (PROTER) set up by the Brazilian PETROBRAS company. Details are given of fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) pilot units at PETROBRAS's CENPES Research and Development Centre in Rio de Janeiro State, the development of new proprietary closed cyclone technology, the Ultramist feedstock injection device, the feed nozzle, and the high accessibility catalyst. FCC units at PETROBRAS, FCC ongoing projects, and the use of delayed coking to convert low value residues to high value residues are described along with other bottom of barrel projects such as residue hydrocracking, hydropyrolysis, and the production of a stable fuel emulsion from an asphalt residue stream.

Development of a numerical experiment technique to solve inverse gamma-ray transport problems with application to nondestructive assay of nuclear waste barrels

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chang, C.J.; Anghaie, S.

1998-01-01

A numerical experimental technique is presented to find an optimum solution to an undetermined inverse gamma-ray transport problem involving the nondestructive assay of radionuclide inventory in a nuclear waste drum. The method introduced is an optimization scheme based on performing a large number of numerical simulations that account for the counting statistics, the nonuniformity of source distribution, and the heterogeneous density of the self-absorbing medium inside the waste drum. The simulation model uses forward projection and backward reconstruction algorithms. The forward projection algorithm uses randomly selected source distribution and a first-flight kernel method to calculate external detector responses. The backward reconstruction algorithm uses the conjugate gradient with nonnegative constraint or the maximum likelihood expectation maximum method to reconstruct the source distribution based on calculated detector responses. Total source activity is determined by summing the reconstructed activity of each computational grid. By conducting 10,000 numerical simulations, the error bound and the associated confidence level for the prediction of total source activity are determined. The accuracy and reliability of the simulation model are verified by performing a series of experiments in a 208-ell waste barrel. Density heterogeneity is simulated by using different materials distributed in 37 egg-crate-type compartments simulating a vertical segment of the barrel. Four orthogonal detector positions are used to measure the emerging radiation field from the distributed source. Results of the performed experiments are in full agreement with the estimated error and the confidence level, which are predicted by the simulation model

Development of an aerobic/anaerobic process for in-situ-rehabilitation of a mostly with mineral oil contaminated location. Final report; Entwicklung eines aeroben/anaeroben Verfahrens zur `In situ-Sanierung` eines vorwiegend mineraloelkontaminierten Altlaststandortes. Abschlussbericht

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Auerbach, C; Winsel, E; Wartenberg, G

1994-12-31

- A location contaminated with mineral oil was tested for the possibility of a bioremediation; - the microbiological tests showed, that there is both an aerobiotic and an optional anaerobic autochthonous pollutants degrading microflora but only the activation of the aerobiotic germs was possible by both suitable nutrients and test conditions; - in degrading tests with a high concentration of pollutants a degradation was possible by addition of different nutrients. Within a week a degradation of about 70% was shown. In areas of lower concentration the possible degradation was smaller. - An in-situ-rehabilitation by a hydraulic supply of the soil microorganisms was not possible because of the anisotropic conditions at the location in a depth of 5-10 m; - an in-situ-rehabilitation with both soil air aspiration and aeration, for the supply of the soil microorganisms too, is even possible at anisotropic soil conditions; - now there is knowledge about both a variable filtration and tubing for an optimal adaptation for the bioremediation to the damage; - apparatus were developped for in-situ-rehabilitation for small and medium locations, useable for biological processes too; - there is a wide utilization of the aeration apparatus is because of the careful environmental use. (orig.) [Deutsch] - Ein Mineraloel-kontaminierter Altlaststandort wurde im Hinblick auf eine moegliche biologische Sanierung untersucht. - Die mikrobiologischen Untersuchungen ergaben, dass eine aerobe und fakultativ anaerobe autochthone schadstoffabbauende Mikroflora vorhanden ist, aber nur der aeroben Keime durch geeignete Naehrstoffe und Versuchsbedingungen aktivierbar waren. - In Abbauuntersuchungen durch Zusatz unterschiedlicher Naehrsalze konnte bei hoher Schadstoffkonzentration schon nach 1 Woche ein Abbau > 70% erreicht werden. In niederen Konzentrationsbereichen war die Schadstoffabbaupotenz wesentlich geringer. - Die anisotropen Verhaeltnisse am Standort in 5-10m Tiefe liessen eine In

A study of aging effects of barrel Time-Of-Flight system in the BESIII experiment

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Huan-Huan; Sun, Sheng-Sen; Fang, Shuang-Shi; Wu, Zhi; Dai, Hong-Liang; Heng, Yue-Kun; Zhou, Ming; Deng, Zi-Yan; Liu, Huai-Min

2018-02-01

The Time-Of-Flight system consisting of plastic scintillation counters plays an important role for particle identification in the BESIII experiment at the BEPCII double ring e+e- collider. Degradation of the detection efficiency of the barrel TOF system has been observed since the start of physical data taking and this effect has triggered intensive and systematic studies about aging effects of the detector. The aging rates of the attenuation lengths and relative gains are obtained based on the data acquired in past several years. This study is essential for ensuring an extended operation of the barrel TOF system in optimal conditions.

Signal feedthroughs for the ATLAS barrel and endcap calorimeters

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Axen, D.; Hackenburg, R.; Hoffmann, A.; Kane, S.; Lissauer, D.; Makowiecki, D.; Muller, T.; Pate, D.; Radeka, V.; Rahm, D.; Rehak, M.; Rescia, S.; Sexton, K.; Sondericker, J.; Birney, P.; Dowling, A.W.; Fincke-Keeler, M.; Hodges, T.; Holness, F.; Honkanen, N.

2005-01-01

The function, design, construction, testing, and installation of the signal feedthroughs for the barrel and endcap ATLAS liquid argon calorimeters are described. The feedthroughs provide a high density and radiation hard method to extract over 200 000 signals from the cryogenic environment of the calorimeters using an application of a design based on flexible kapton circuit board transmission lines. A model to describe the frequency dependent behavior of the transmission lines is also presented

Schreiben hat auch eine Stimme. Eine explorative Untersuchung über die Beziehung zwischen lautem Sprechen und Schreiben.

OpenAIRE

Lohmeier-Weidner, Yvonne (B. A.)

2017-01-01

Die Aufgabe in dieser Arbeit ist die Untersuchung der Beziehung zwischen lautem Sprechen und Schreiben im Schreibprozess. Grundlage ist die Annahme, dass beides zusammengehört und das Verbalisieren von Gedanken zum Schreiben, ob im Dialog oder im Selbstgespräch, selbiges positiv unterstützt. Dazu werden drei Studentinnen der Universität Paderborn, die an einem Abschlussarbeitenworkshop des Kompetenzzentrums Schreiben teilnahmen, durch ein fokussiertes Interview befragt. Diese Interviews werde...

Epiploic appendagitis of caecum: a diagnostic dilemma [Appendicitis epiploica des Blinddarms: ein diagnostisches Dilemma

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rashid, Arshad

2012-10-01

Full Text Available [english] Epiploic appendagitis is a rare cause of acute abdomen. Depending on the site of occurrence, it can mimic any cause of acute abdomen or disease of the colon and caecal appendix; making its preoperative diagnosis very difficult. We present here a case of a 7-year-old boy misdiagnosed preoperatively as acute appendicitis and later on, upon surgical exploration, found to have caecal appendagitis. The affected epiploic appendage was removed and the patient had an uneventful recovery. We also review the relevant literature and discuss the measures to overcome this diagnostic dilemma. General surgeons should be aware of this self-limiting disease and consider it as a differential diagnosis of acute abdomen.[german] Appendicitis epiploica oder epiploische Appendagitis ist eine seltene Ursache des akuten Abdomens. Je nach Ort des Auftretens kann sie jede Ursache für akuten Unterleibsschmerz oder Erkrankungen des Dickdarms und Appendix vermiformis imitieren, was ihre präoperative Diagnose sehr schwierig macht. Wir präsentieren hier den Fall eines alten Jungen, bei dem präoperativ akute Blinddarmentzündung diagnostiziert wurde. Beim chirurgischen Eingriff stellte sich dann eine Appendicitis epiploica des Blinddarms als Befund heraus. Der betroffene Appendix epiploica wurde entfernt und der Patient erholte sich ohne besondere Vorkommnisse. Wir geben auch eine Übersicht über die relevante Literatur und diskutieren die Maßnahmen, um dieses diagnostische Dilemma zu überwinden. Allgemeine Chirurgen sollten sich dieser selbstlimitierenden Krankheit bewusst sein und sie als eine Differentialdiagnose bei akutem Abdomen in Betracht ziehen.

Justitia ist eine Frau Justice is a Woman

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Susanne Benöhr-Laqueur

2008-11-01

Full Text Available Das reich bebilderte Buch ist der Begleitkatalog zu der Wanderausstellung „Füllhorn, Waage, Schwert – Justitia ist eine Frau“. In zwölf Kapiteln – entsprechend den „Räumen der Gerechtigkeit“ – wird der Frage nachgegangen, warum Justitia von der Frühgeschichte bis in die Gegenwart in weiblicher Gestalt abgebildet wird. Die Juristin Barbara Degen verfolgt das Ziel, den Beweis dafür zu erbringen, dass Frauen und insbesondere Mütter die Kernelemente der Gerechtigkeit verkörpern.This richly illustrated catalogue accompanies the traveling exhibition “Cornucopia, Scales, Sword—Justice is a Woman” (“Füllhorn, Waage, Schwert—Justitia ist eine Frau”. In twelve chapters, each corresponding to the “spaces of justice,” the book explores question as to why justice has been depicted as a woman from early history to today. The lawyer Barbara Degen intends to supply evidence supporting the claim that women, and mothers in particular, embody the core elements of justness.

Review: Findeisen, Genia: Frauen in Indonesien: Geschlechtergleichheit durch Demokratisierung? Eine Analyse des Demokratisierungsprozesses aus Frauenperspektive (2008 Buchbesprechung: Findeisen, Genia: Frauen in Indonesien: Geschlechtergleichheit durch Demokratisierung? Eine Analyse des Demokratisierungsprozesses aus Frauenperspektive (2008

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carola von der Dick

2009-04-01

Full Text Available Review of the monograph: Findeisen, Genia: Frauen in Indonesien: Geschlechtergleichheit durch Demokratisierung? Eine Analyse des Demokratisierungsprozesses aus Frauenperspektive Wettenberg: Johannes Herrmann J&J Verlag, 2008, ISBN 978-3-937983-11-0, 434 pages Besprechung der Monographie: Findeisen, Genia: Frauen in Indonesien: Geschlechtergleichheit durch Demokratisierung? Eine Analyse des Demokratisierungsprozesses aus Frauenperspektive Wettenberg: Johannes Herrmann J&J Verlag, 2008, ISBN 978-3-937983-11-0, 434 Seiten

Speicherbibliotheken: eine Nachlese

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andreas Ledl

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Der Beitrag nähert sich dem Thema Speicherbibliothek aus systematischer Perspektive. Ausgehend von einer Begriffsanalyse arbeitet er fünf verschiedene Typen von Speicherbibliotheken heraus und diskutiert deren Vor- und Nachteile. Am Beispiel der in der Planungsphase stecken gebliebenen Hessischen Speicherbibliothek werden Faktoren aufgezeigt, die den Erfolg oder Misserfolg eines solchen Projektes ausmachen können. Schliesslich geben die Autoren Empfehlungen ab, wie ein Interessenausgleich zwischen den verschiedenen Stakeholdern einer Speicherbibliothek hergestellt und so die Akzeptanz solcher Einrichtungen erhöht werden kann. The following article provides a systematic approach to storage libraries. Starting from an analysis of the terminology, the authors define five types of storage systems and discuss their advantages and disadvantages. Taking the example of the planning phase of the Hessian storage library, the authors elaborate on factors which decide upon success and failure of a project on this scale. To conclude, they propose how diverging interests of different stakeholders can be evened out and how the acceptance of storage facilities can be raised. Cet article offre une approche systématique de la thématique des bibliothèques dépôts. Partant d’une analyse du terme lui-même, cinq types différents de bibliothèques dépôts sont identifiés et comparés. L’exemple de la bibliothèque dépôt du Land de Hesse, dont la réalisation a été suspendue en cours de planification, permet d’identifier les facteurs déterminant le succès ou l’échec de ce genre de projet. Les auteurs formulent des recommandations permettant de trouver un équilibre entre les intérêts des différentes parties prenantes et de développer ainsi le soutien à un projet de bibliothèque dépôt.

Vermögensmaximierung durch Stiftungen als Unternehmensträger? Eine Analyse der Steuerwirkungen

OpenAIRE

Franke, Günter; Herrmann, Markus

1993-01-01

Einige große deutsche Unternehmen werden von privaten gemeinnützigen Stiftungen getragen. Dies wirft die Frage auf, weshalb eine solche Lösung der üblichen Vorgehensweise, bei der natürliche Personen Gesellschafter eines Unternehmens sind, vorgezogen wird. In diesem Beitrag wird untersucht, ob und unter welchen Voraussetzungen der Hauptgesellschafter einer Kapitalgesellschaft das Vermögen seiner Erben erhöhen kann, indem er seine Gesellschaftsanteile einer gemeinnütziger Stiftung überträgt un...

Sam37 is crucial for formation of the mitochondrial TOM-SAM supercomplex, thereby promoting β-barrel biogenesis.

Science.gov (United States)

Wenz, Lena-Sophie; Ellenrieder, Lars; Qiu, Jian; Bohnert, Maria; Zufall, Nicole; van der Laan, Martin; Pfanner, Nikolaus; Wiedemann, Nils; Becker, Thomas

2015-09-28

Biogenesis of mitochondrial β-barrel proteins requires two preprotein translocases, the general translocase of the outer membrane (TOM) and the sorting and assembly machinery (SAM). TOM and SAM form a supercomplex that promotes transfer of β-barrel precursors. The SAM core complex contains the channel protein Sam50, which cooperates with Sam35 in precursor recognition, and the peripheral membrane protein Sam37. The molecular function of Sam37 has been unknown. We report that Sam37 is crucial for formation of the TOM-SAM supercomplex. Sam37 interacts with the receptor domain of Tom22 on the cytosolic side of the mitochondrial outer membrane and links TOM and SAM complexes. Sam37 thus promotes efficient transfer of β-barrel precursors to the SAM complex. We conclude that Sam37 functions as a coupling factor of the translocase supercomplex of the mitochondrial outer membrane. © 2015 Wenz et al.

ENZIAN-Klassifikation zur Diskussion gestellt: Eine neue differenzierte Klassifikation der tief infiltrierenden Endometriose

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tuttlies F

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Mit Einführung des ENZIAN-Scores wurde eine neue Klassifikation für die Erkrankung der Endometriose vorgestellt, die insbesondere die tief infiltrierende Endometriose mit der typischen retroperitonealen Manifestation berücksichtigt. In Anlehnung an onkologische Stadieneinteilungen wurde eine Einteilung in vier Schweregrade gewählt, die mit drei Raumachsen zur Lokalisation der Erkrankung erweitert wurden. Der ENZIAN-Score versteht sich als eine Ergänzung zu dem bekannten rAFS-System (revised American Fertility and Sterility Score, das sich lediglich auf die intraperitoneale Manifestation der Endometriose anwenden lässt. In vielen Fällen ist die rAFS-Klassifikation nur bedingt oder gar nicht geeignet, die Ausdehnung und den Schweregrad der Erkrankung darzustellen. Am Kollektiv von Patientinnen mit Darmendometriose wurde der ENZIAN- Score retrospektiv auf die klinische Wertigkeit hin untersucht und bewährte sich in der klinischen Anwendung.

ORA59 and EIN3 interaction couples jasmonate-ethylene synergistic action to antagonistic salicylic acid regulation of PDF expression.

Science.gov (United States)

He, Xiang; Jiang, Jishan; Wang, Chang-Quan; Dehesh, Katayoon

2017-04-01

Hormonal crosstalk is central for tailoring plant responses to the nature of challenges encountered. The role of antagonism between the two major defense hormones, salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA), and modulation of this interplay by ethylene (ET) in favor of JA signaling pathway in plant stress responses is well recognized, but the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Here, we show the opposing function of two transcription factors, ethylene insensitive3 (EIN3) and EIN3-Like1 (EIL1), in SA-mediated suppression and JA-mediated activation of PLANT DEFENSIN1.2 (PDF1.2). This functional duality is mediated via their effect on protein, not transcript levels of the PDF1.2 transcriptional activator octadecanoid-responsive Arabidopsis59 (ORA59). Specifically, JA induces ORA59 protein levels independently of EIN3/EIL1, whereas SA reduces the protein levels dependently of EIN3/EIL1. Co-infiltration assays revealed nuclear co-localization of ORA59 and EIN3, and split-luciferase together with yeast-two-hybrid assays established their physical interaction. The functional ramification of the physical interaction is EIN3-dependent degradation of ORA59 by the 26S proteasome. These findings allude to SA-responsive reduction of ORA59 levels mediated by EIN3 binding to and targeting of ORA59 for degradation, thus nominating ORA59 pool as a coordination node for the antagonistic function of ET/JA and SA. © 2017 Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Orofacial Neuropathic Pain Leads to a Hyporesponsive Barrel Cortex with Enhanced Structural Synaptic Plasticity.

Science.gov (United States)

Thibault, Karine; Rivière, Sébastien; Lenkei, Zsolt; Férézou, Isabelle; Pezet, Sophie

2016-01-01

Chronic pain is a long-lasting debilitating condition that is particularly difficult to treat due to the lack of identified underlying mechanisms. Although several key contributing processes have been described at the level of the spinal cord, very few studies have investigated the supraspinal mechanisms underlying chronic pain. Using a combination of approaches (cortical intrinsic imaging, immunohistochemical and behavioural analysis), our study aimed to decipher the nature of functional and structural changes in a mouse model of orofacial neuropathic pain, focusing on cortical areas involved in various pain components. Our results show that chronic neuropathic orofacial pain is associated with decreased haemodynamic responsiveness to whisker stimulation in the barrel field cortex. This reduced functional activation is likely due to the increased basal neuronal activity (measured indirectly using cFos and phospho-ERK immunoreactivity) observed in several cortical areas, including the contralateral barrel field, motor and cingulate cortices. In the same animals, immunohistochemical analysis of markers for active pre- or postsynaptic elements (Piccolo and phospho-Cofilin, respectively) revealed an increased immunofluorescence in deep cortical layers of the contralateral barrel field, motor and cingulate cortices. These results suggest that long-lasting orofacial neuropathic pain is associated with exacerbated neuronal activity and synaptic plasticity at the cortical level.

Einführung in die hochschul-lehre ein didaktik-coach

CERN Document Server

Boss-Ostendorf, Andreas

2010-01-01

Mit diesem Coach in Buchform bekommen Hochschullehrende Unterstützung bei der Entfaltung ihrer eigenen Lehrkompetenz. In vier Schritten vermitteln die Autoren zentrale didaktische Fähigkeiten. Auf der Grundlage einer Lehre, die sich am Lernen der Studierenden orientiert, hilft der Didaktik-Coach dabei, elementare Fertigkeiten auszubilden: die eigene Kontaktfähigkeit weiter zu entfalten, ein von der Gehirnforschung gestütztes Lernverständnis zu entwickeln, sich mit Hilfe gruppenanalytischer Erkenntnisse sicher in Seminaren zu bewegen und schließlich eine Methodenkompetenz zu erwerben, die deshalb effizient ist, weil sie sich an den Bedürfnissen der Lerngruppe orientiert. Die Autoren sind ausgewiesene Fachleute für Coaching und Beratung im Hochschulbereich. Methoden für die professionelle Lehre an Hochschulen: So macht die Lehre Freude!

Reversible man-in-the-barrel syndrome in myasthenia gravis

OpenAIRE

Shah, Poornima A; Wadia, Pettarusp Murzban

2016-01-01

Man-in-the-barrel syndrome (MBS) is an uncommon presentation due to bilateral, predominantly proximal muscle weakness that has not been described to be associated with myasthenia gravis. We describe a case of myasthenia gravis presenting as MBS. Additionally, he had significant wasting of the deltoids bilaterally with fibrillations on electromyography (EMG) at rest and brief duration (3-6 ms) bi/triphasic motor unit potentials (MUPs) on submaximal effort apart from a decremental response on r...

Ein Entscheidungshilfesystem für die Planung dezentraler Regenwasserbewirtschaftungsmaßnahmen in Siedlungsgebieten Koreas

OpenAIRE

Kwon, Kyung-Ho

2009-01-01

Ein Entscheidungshilfesystem wurde auf der Basis eines Computerprogrammes für die Planung dezentraler Regenwasserbewirtschaftung(RWB) mit Hilfe der Programmiersprache Visual Basic entwickelt. Dieses Programm „RainCity“ besteht aus zwei Simulationspakete „RainCity-Balance“ und „RainCity-Combi“. Das Simulationspaket “RainCity-Balance” berücksichtigt die planerischen Handlungskomponenten Verdunstung, Nutzung und Versickerung auf der Grundlage von Tageswerten und Bemessungsregen für regional unte...

Ganzheitlich prozessorientierte Entscheidungsunterstützung am Beispiel der Automobillackierung : Ein Beitrag zum industriellen Stoffstrommanagement

OpenAIRE

Rosenau-Tornow, Dirk

2005-01-01

Im Rahmen der sich verknappenden Ressourcen, der Anforderungen durch die Umweltgesetzgebung sowie des Gedankens einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung wird es für Unternehmen zunehmend wichtiger, den Aufwand für die Herstellung von Gütern und Dienstleistungen effizienter zu gestalten. Dabei gewinnt eine ganzheitliche Sichtweise unternehmerischer Entscheidung im Sinne von Technik, Ökonomie und Ökologie an Bedeutung, die eine Entkopplung von Wirtschaftswachstum und Ressourcenverbrauch bewirkt. Für betr...

Realisierung eines verzerrungsarmen Open-Loop Klasse-D Audio-Verstärkers mit SB-ZePoC

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

O. Schnick

2007-06-01

Full Text Available In den letzten Jahren hat die Entwicklung von Klasse-D Verstärkern für Audio-Anwendungen ein vermehrtes Interesse auf sich gezogen. Eine Motivation hierfür liegt in der mit dieser Technik extrem hohen erzielbaren Effizienz von über 90%. Die Signale, die Klasse-D Verstärker steuern, sind binär. Immer mehr Audio-Signale werden entweder digital gespeichert (CD, DVD, MP3 oder digital übermittelt (Internet, DRM, DAB, DVB-T, DVB-S, GMS, UMTS, weshalb eine direkte Umsetzung dieser Daten in ein binäres Steuersignal ohne vorherige konventionelle D/A-Wandlung erstrebenswert erscheint.

Die klassischen Pulsweitenmodulationsverfahren führen zu Aliasing-Komponenten im Audio-Basisband. Diese Verzerrungen können nur durch eine sehr hohe Schaltfrequenz auf ein akzeptables Maß reduziert werden. Durch das von der Forschungsgruppe um Prof. Mathis vorgestellte SB-ZePoC Verfahren (Zero Position Coding with Separated Baseband wird diese Art der Signalverzerrung durch Generierung eines separierten Basisbands verhindert. Deshalb können auch niedrige Schaltfrequenzen gewählt werden. Dadurch werden nicht nur die Schaltverluste, sondern auch Timing-Verzerrungen verringert, die durch die nichtideale Schaltendstufe verursacht werden. Diese tragen einen großen Anteil zu den gesamten Verzerrungen eines Klasse-D Verstärkers bei. Mit dem SB-ZePoC Verfahren lassen sich verzerrungsarme Open-Loop Klasse-D Audio-Verstärker realisieren, die ohne aufwändige Gegenkopplungsschleifen auskommen.

Class-D amplifiers are suiteble for amplification of audio signals. One argument is their high efficiency of 90% and more. Today most of the audio signals are stored or transmitted in digital form. A digitally controlled Class-D amplifier can be directly driven with coded (modulated data. No separate D/A conversion is needed. Classical modulation schemes like Pulse-Width-Modulation (PWM cause aliasing. So a very high switching rate is required to minimize the

Symptomatic endometriosis of the colon - a case report; Symptomatische Dickdarmendometriose - eine Falldarstellung

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Leutloff, U.C. [Abt. Radiodiagnostik, Radiologische Universitaetsklinik Heidelberg (Germany); Roeren, T. [Abt. Radiodiagnostik, Radiologische Universitaetsklinik Heidelberg (Germany); Feldmann, K. [Abt. Gynaekologische Endokrinologie und Fertilitaetsstoerungen, Universitaets-Frauenklinik Heidelberg (Germany); Sillem, M. [Abt. Gynaekologische Endokrinologie und Fertilitaetsstoerungen, Universitaets-Frauenklinik Heidelberg (Germany); Rabe, T. [Abt. Gynaekologische Endokrinologie und Fertilitaetsstoerungen, Universitaets-Frauenklinik Heidelberg (Germany); Kauffmann, G. [Abt. Radiodiagnostik, Radiologische Universitaetsklinik Heidelberg (Germany)

1996-05-01

The intestinal endometriosis in need of treatment is a rare case in the surgical department. Preoperative diagnosis is very difficult and in any case must be based on histologic findings; endoscopy-guided biopsy very frequently yields negative results. Dual-contrast scanning of the colon still is a major examination method, but the findings make it difficult to rule out malignomas. Cyclic, recurrent abdominal complaints reported in the case history strongly indicate the possibility of endometriosis. Typing can be done in general only after surgery. The article reports the clinical and diagnostic parameters of a symptomatic endometriosis of the colon. (orig.) [Deutsch] Die behandlungsbeduerftige Darmendometriose ist eine seltene Erkrankung im chirurgischen Krankengut. Eine praeoperative Diagnose ist meist schwierig und ohne Histologie nicht zu erreichen; die endoskopisch gesteuerte Biopsie ist haeufig negativ. Eine grosse Rolle spielt nach wie vor die Kolonuntersuchung im Doppelkontrast, wobei die Abgrenzung zu einem Malignom schwierig ist. Einen wichtigen Hinweis liefern in der Anamnese zyklisch wiederkehrende abdominelle Beschwerden. Die Artdiagnose gelingt in der Regel erst operativ. Wir beschreiben die klinischen und diagnostischen Parameter einer symptomatischen Dickdarmendometriose. (orig.)

Untersuchungen zur Anwendbarkeit eines integrierten Nachweissystems für Penicillin-Rückstände in Kuhmilch und Ziegenmilch

OpenAIRE

Kress, Claudia

2010-01-01

In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die Anwendbarkeit eines integrierten Nachweissystems für Penicillin-Rückstände in Kuhmilch und Ziegenmilch überprüft. Der zweite Schwerpunkt dieser Arbeit lag auf der Hemmstoffbelastung von Ziegenmilch, d.h. es sollte ein Überblick über die Belastung der in Hessen produzierten Ziegenmilch mit Penicillin-Rückständen gewonnen werden. Die „Kernmethode“ des integrierten Nachweissystems für Penicillin-Rückstände in Kuhmilch und Ziegenmilch ist ein...

Autoimmune pancreatitis. An update; Autoimmunpankreatitis. Ein Update

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Helmberger, T. [Klinikum Bogenhausen, Staedt. Klinikum, Institut fuer Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Neuroradiologie und Nuklearmedizin, Muenchen (Germany)

2016-04-15

have to be aware of the clinical, serological and histological parameters for AIP in order to guide clinicians towards the correct diagnosis. Only in this way can the highly efficient steroid therapy be initiated and otherwise possibly severe forms of therapy be avoided. (orig.) [German] Die Autoimmunpankreatitis (AIP) ist eine seltene Erkrankung, deren Verstaendnis sich in den letzten Jahren deutlich vertieft hat. Die haeufigste Form, die Typ-1-AIP, gehoert zu den IgG4-assoziierten Erkrankungen, die viel seltenere Typ-2-AIP ist hiervon zu differenzieren und steht mit chronisch entzuendlichen Darmerkrankungen in Verbindung. Bildgebend und klinisch besteht eine Ueberlappung zum Pankreaskarzinom. Aufgabe der Bildgebung und weiterer Parameter wie Serologie und Histologie ist es deshalb, eine Differenzierung zwischen den beiden Erkrankungsentitaeten zu schaffen, um sie jeweils der adaequaten Therapie zuzufuehren und die geringe, aber letztlich unnoetige Anzahl an Pankreatektomien wegen einer AIP zu verhindern. Die Diagnose der AIP ist komplex, wobei sich in den letzten Jahren die Konsensuskriterien der International Association of Pancreatology als Entscheidungsparameter vielfach durchgesetzt haben. Diese umfassen 5 Kardinalkriterien und ein therapeutisches Kriterium. Unter Verwendung dieser Parameter kann die AIP mit einer Sensitivitaet von 84,9 %, Spezifitaet von 100 % und Treffsicherheit von 93,8 % diagnostiziert werden. Die Diagnose einer AIP setzt sich aus verschiedenen Parametern zusammen, von denen 2 die Bildgebung betreffen. Wie bei der sonstigen Diagnostik des Pankreas sind dies Ultraschall, CT und MRT. Wesentlich fuer die Differenzialdiagnose ist der Ausschluss sekundaerer Malignitaetskriterien, wofuer CT und MRT etabliert sind. Das wesentliche diagnostische Kriterium der Histologie erfordert ausreichend Material, was in der Regel durch eine endoskopische Feinnadelpunktion (FNP) nicht gewonnen werden kann. Fuer die Identifikation des optimalen Punktionsorts und

Celebrating the Barrel Toroid commissioning

CERN Multimedia

Peter Jenni

ATLAS invited Funding Agency representatives and Laboratory Heads directly related to the funding and construction of the Barrel Toroid for a small ceremony on 13th December 2006 at Point 1, in order to mark the successful first full excitation of the BT (see last eNews). On that date, which was during the December CERN Council week, several of the Funding Agency Heads or their representatives could be present, representing CEA France, INFN Italy, BMBF Germany, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Russia, JINR Dubna and CERN. Speeches were delivered by the ATLAS spokesperson Peter Jenni thanking the Funding Partners in the name of the Collaboration, by Magnet Project Leader Herman ten Kate tracing the BT construction history, and by the CERN Director-General Robert Aymar congratulating all those who have contributed to the successful project. Herman ten Kate addressing the delegates. The text of the introductory address by Peter Jenni is reproduced here. "It is a great pleasure for me to welcome you all here...

Certification and commissioning of barrel stations for the ATLAS muon spectrometer

CERN Document Server

Zimmermann, S

2006-01-01

The muon spectrometer of the ATLAS experiment, which is scheduled to commence data taking at the Large Hadron Collider, LHC at CERN in 2007, comprises more than a thousand muon stations, which have the double purpose of triggering on high-p/sub t/ muon tracks as well as providing precise trajectory reconstruction. While monitored drift tube chambers are used for track reconstruction in all of the muon spectrometer except for a region close to the beam pipe in forward direction, two different technologies are used for triggering, resistive plate chambers in the barrel region and thin gap chambers in the end-caps. Both have in common that the ATLAS geometry allows only limited accessibility after chambers are installed in the detector. A thorough testing and certification prior to installation is therefore crucial. This paper reviews the test procedure at CERN for barrel chambers of type BO and BM, i.e. of stations for which a drift chamber is coupled with one or two resistive plate chambers. The final certific...

A New Data Concentrator for the CMS Muon Barrel Track Finder

CERN Document Server

Triossi, Andrea

2014-01-01

The CMS muon trigger will undergo considerable enhancements in preparation for the LHC \\mbox{run-2}. In order to improve rate reduction and efficiency the full muon trigger chain will be completely redesigned: the plan is to move from a redundant scheme, where the three subdetectors (CSC, DT, RPC) have a separate track finder, to three geographical track finders (barrel, endcap and overlap) that combine trigger primitives of each sub-detector. In particular, the muon barrel track finder (MBTF) will host a new algorithm, that aggregating DT and RPC trigger data, will be able to improve the fake rejection and the muon momentum measurement.This report will focus on the adaptive layer of the MBTF called TwinMux. Its primary role will be to merge, arrange and fan-out the slow optical links from the chambers in faster links (10 Gbps). It will realize a full connectivity matrix between the on-detector electronics and the MBTF allowing for different processing schemes. The TwinMux will be implemented in $\\mu$TCA for...

Proposal of upgrade of the ATLAS muon trigger in the barrel-endcap transition region with RPCs

CERN Document Server

Massa, L; The ATLAS collaboration

2014-01-01

This report presents a project for the upgrade of the Level-1 muon trigger in the barrel-endcap transition region (1.01) caused by charged particles originating from secondary interactions downstream of the interaction point. After the LHC upgrade forseen for 2018, the Level-1 muon trigger rate would saturate the allocated bandwidth unless new measures are adopted to improve the rejection of fake triggers. ATLAS is going to improve the trigger selectivity in the region |$\\eta$|>1.3 with the New Small Wheel detector upgrade. To obtain a similar trigger selectivity in the barrel-endcap transition region, it is proposed to add new RPC chambers at the edge of the inner layer of the barrel muon spectrometer. These chambers will be based on a three layer structure with thinner gas gaps and electrodes with respect to the ATLAS standard and a new low-profile light-weight mechanical structure that will allow the installation in the limited available space. New front-end electronics, integrating fast TDC capabilities w...

Special liquid nitrogen dewar for a superconducting levitation transport system; Spezialkryostat fuer ein supraleitendes Schwebetransportsystem

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schumann, B.; Binneberg, A. [ILK Dresden gGmbH, Dresden (Germany)

2002-07-01

Within a joint project supported by the Free State Saxony a novel bearing and transport system was developed. The prototype is based on the combination of the magnetic bearing technique using high temperature-superconductors with a non-contacting linear drive. This non-contracting 'lift' is free from friction and contaminations due to wear and therefore predestinated for applications in clean rooms, e.g. in the microelectronic technology. (orig.) [German] Im Rahmen eines Verbundprojektes, gefoerdert vom Freistaat Sachsen, wurde ein neuartiges Lager- und Transportsystem in Form einer Kombination der supraleitenden Magnetlagertechnik mit Hochtemperatursupraleitern und einem beruehrungslos arbeitenden Linearantriebssystem am Beispiel eines Demonstrators entwickelt. Der voellig beruehrungslos und damit reibungs- und abriebfrei funktionierende Lift ist fuer Anwendungen in Reinraeumen z.B. in der Mikroelektroniktechnologie praedestiniert. (orig.)

Start of Final Assembly of the CMS Barrel Yoke on schedule at P5 the 1st august, 2000. I

CERN Multimedia

Hubert Gerwig, CERN/ EP-CMI

2000-01-01

The Barrel Yoke and the vacuumtank weigh 6500 tonnes. The barrel Yoke consists of 5 rings eacu one weighing 1200 tonnes. The vacuum tank is a stainless steel structure weighing 270 tonnes (length = 13 m , outer diamter 7.6 m) The final assembly of these items will take approximately 1 year from now on.

Design, Construction and Installation of the ATLAS Hadronic Barrel Scintillator-Tile Calorimeter

CERN Document Server

Abdallah, J; Alexa, C; Alves, R; Amaral, P; Ananiev, A; Anderson, K; Andresen, X; Antonaki, A; Batusov, V; Bednar, P; Bergeaas, E; Biscarat, C; Blanch, O; Blanchot, G; Bohm, C; Boldea, V; Bosi, F; Bosman, M; Bromberg, C; Budagov, Yu A; Calvet, D; Cardeira, C; Carli, T; Carvalho, J; Cascella, M; Castillo, M V; Costello, J; Cavalli-Sforza, M; Cavasinni, V; Cerqueira, A S; Clément, C; Cobal, M; Cogswell, F; Constantinescu, S; Costanzo, D; Da Silva, P; Davidek, M; David, T; Dawson, J; De, K; Del Prete, T; Di Girolamo, B; Dita, S; Dolejsi, J; Dolezal, Z; Dotti, A; Downing, R; Drake, G; Efthymiopoulos, I; Errede, D; Errede, S; Farbin, A; Fassouliotis, D; Feng, E; Fenyuk, A; Ferdi, C; Ferreira, B C; Ferrer, A; Flaminio, V; Flix, J; Francavilla, P; Fullana, E; Garde, V; Gellerstedt, K; Giakoumopoulou, V; Giangiobbe, V; Gildemeister, O; Gilewsky, V; Giokaris, N; Gollub, N; Gomes, A; González, V; Gouveia, J; Grenier, P; Gris, P; Guarino, V; Guicheney, C; Sen-Gupta, A; Hakobyan, H; Haney, M; Hellman, S; Henriques, A; Higón, E; Hill, N; Holmgren, S; Hruska, I; Hurwitz, M; Huston, J; Jen-La Plante, I; Jon-And, K; Junk, T; Karyukhin, A; Khubua, J; Klereborn, J; Kopikov, S; Korolkov, I; Krivkova, P; Kulchitsky, Y; Kurochkin, Yu; Kuzhir, P; Lapin, V; Le Compte, T; Lefèvre, R; Leitner, R; Li, J; Liablin, M; Lokajícek, M; Lomakin, Y; Lourtie, P; Lovas, L; Lupi, A; Maidantchik, C; Maio, A; Maliukov, S; Manousakis, A; Marques, C; Marroquim, F; Martin, F; Mazzoni, E; Merritt, F S; Myagkov, A; Miller, R; Minashvili, I; Miralles, L; Montarou, G; Némécek, S; Nessi, M; Nikitine, I; Nodulman, L; Norniella, O; Onofre, A; Oreglia, M; Palan, B; Pallin, D; Pantea, D; Pereira, A; Pilcher, J E; Pina, J; Pinhão, J; Pod, E; Podlyski, F; Portell, X; Poveda, J; Pribyl, L; Price, L E; Proudfoot, J; Ramalho, M; Ramstedt, M; Raposeiro, L; Reis, J; Richards, R; Roda, C; Romanov, V; Rosnet, P; Roy, P; Ruiz, A; Rumiantsau, V; Russakovich, N; Sada Costa, J; Salto, O; Salvachúa, B; Sanchis, E; Sanders, H; Santoni, C; Santos, J; Saraiva, J G; Sarri, F; Says, L P; Schlager, G; Schlereth, J L; Seixas, J M; Selldén, B; Shalanda, N; Shevtsov, P; Shochet, M; Simaitis, V; Simonyan, M; Sisakian, A; Sjölin, J; Solans, C; Solodkov, A; Solovianov, J; Silva, O; Sosebee, M; Spanó, F; Speckmeyer, P; Stanek, R; Starchenko, E; Starovoitov, P; Suk, M; Sykora, I; Tang, F; Tas, P; Teuscher, R; Tokar, S; Topilin, N; Torres, J; Underwood, D; Usai, G; Valero, A; Valkár, S; Valls, J A; Vartapetian, A; Vazeille, F; Vellidis, C; Ventura, F; Vichou, I; Vivarelli, I; Volpi, M; White, A; Zaitsev, A; Zenin, A; Zenis, T; Zenonos, Z; Zenz, S; Zilka, B

2007-01-01

The scintillator tile hadronic calorimeter is a sampling calorimeter using steel as the absorber structure and scintillator as the active medium. The scintillator is located in "pockets" in the steel structure and the wavelength-shifting fibers are contained in channels running radially within the absorber to photomultiplier tubes which are located in the outer support girders of the calorimeter structure. In addition, to its role as a detector for high energy particles, the tile calorimeter provides the direct support of the liquid argon electromagnetic calorimeter in the barrel region, and the liquid argon electromagnetic and hadronic calorimeters in the endcap region. Through these, it indirectly supports the inner tracking system and beam pipe. The steel absorber, and in particular the support girders, provide the flux return for the solenoidal field from the central solenoid. Finally, the end surfaces of the barrel calorimeter are used to mount services, power supplies and readout crates for the inner tr...

Effects of Adaptation on Discrimination of Whisker Deflection Velocity and Angular Direction in a Model of the Barrel Cortex

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mainak J. Patel

2018-06-01

Full Text Available Two important stimulus features represented within the rodent barrel cortex are velocity and angular direction of whisker deflection. Each cortical barrel receives information from thalamocortical (TC cells that relay information from a single whisker, and TC input is decoded by barrel regular-spiking (RS cells through a feedforward inhibitory architecture (with inhibition delivered by cortical fast-spiking or FS cells. TC cells encode deflection velocity through population synchrony, while deflection direction is encoded through the distribution of spike counts across the TC population. Barrel RS cells encode both deflection direction and velocity with spike rate, and are divided into functional domains by direction preference. Following repetitive whisker stimulation, system adaptation causes a weakening of synaptic inputs to RS cells and diminishes RS cell spike responses, though evidence suggests that stimulus discrimination may improve following adaptation. In this work, I construct a model of the TC, FS, and RS cells comprising a single barrel system—the model incorporates realistic synaptic connectivity and dynamics and simulates both angular direction (through the spatial pattern of TC activation and velocity (through synchrony of the TC population spikes of a deflection of the primary whisker, and I use the model to examine direction and velocity selectivity of barrel RS cells before and after adaptation. I find that velocity and direction selectivity of individual RS cells (measured over multiple trials sharpens following adaptation, but stimulus discrimination using a simple linear classifier by the RS population response during a single trial (a more biologically meaningful measure than single cell discrimination over multiple trials exhibits strikingly different behavior—velocity discrimination is similar both before and after adaptation, while direction classification improves substantially following adaptation. This is the

Prenatal and Lactational Exposure to Bisphenol A in Mice Alters Expression of Genes Involved in Cortical Barrel Development without Morphological Changes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Han, Longzhe; Itoh, Kyoko; Yaoi, Takeshi; Moriwaki, Sanzo; Kato, Shingo; Nakamura, Keiko; Fushiki, Shinji

2011-01-01

It has been reported that premature infants in neonatal intensive care units are exposed to a high rate of bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disrupting chemical. Our previous studies demonstrated that corticothalamic projection was disrupted by prenatal exposure to BPA, which persisted even in adult mice. We therefore analyzed whether prenatal and lactational exposure to low doses of BPA affected the formation of the cortical barrel, the barreloid of the thalamus, and the barrelette of the brainstem in terms of the histology and the expression of genes involved in the barrel development. Pregnant mice were injected subcutaneously with 20 µg/kg of BPA daily from embryonic day 0 (E0) to postnatal 3 weeks (P3W), while the control mice received a vehicle alone. The barrel, barreloid and barrelette of the adult mice were examined by cytochrome C oxidase (COX) staining. There were no significant differences in the total and septal areas and the patterning of the posterior medial barrel subfield (PMBSF), barreloid and barrelette, between the BPA-exposure and control groups in the adult mice. The developmental study at postnatal day 1 (PD1), PD4 and PD8 revealed that the cortical barrel vaguely appeared at PD4 and completely formed at PD8 in both groups. The expression pattern of some genes was spatiotemporally altered depending on the sex and the treatment. These results suggest that the trigeminal projection and the thalamic relay to the cortical barrel were spared after prenatal and lactational exposure to low doses of BPA, although prenatal exposure to BPA was previously shown to disrupt the corticothalamic projection

„Weltwissen“ und/oder „Medienwissen“ von Kindern. „Wissensforschung“ – ein Desiderat pädagogisch orientierter Medienforschung?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hans-Dieter Kübler

2017-08-01

Full Text Available „Was sollte heute ein Kind in den ersten sieben Lebensjahren wissen, können, erfahren haben? Womit sollte es zumindest in Berührung gekommen sein?“ (Elschenbroich 2002, S. 20. Mit ihrem Katalog eines so genannten „Weltwissens“ für Siebenjährige und seiner aus vielerlei Erfahrungen geschöpften Begründung hat Donata Elschenbroich, Pädagogin am Deutschen Jugendinstitut, einen Bestseller gelandet, der wie kaum ein anderes pädagogisches Buch schon fast zwei Jahre auf den Charts steht und eine ungeahnte Auflage erreicht hat. Zwar bleibt der zentrale Begriff „Weltwissen“ in dem Buch vage – wie bei den meisten Verwendungen, sofern man sich nicht an Karl Poppers Drei-Welten-Theorie hält, wonach das „Weltwissen“ die Welt 3 umfasst, also die „objektiven Produkte oder Ideen des menschlichen Geistes (einschließlich aller Theorien über die Welt und über uns“ [Popper 1993, S. 75], die externalisiert und dokumentiert sind; früher hatte man noch den Begriff des Alltagswissens im Gegensatz zum Schulwissen zur Verfügung; immerhin sind D. Elschenbroichs Konzept und ihre Argumentation weitaus vielfältiger und offener angelegt, als es der Titel mit seinem Kanonversprechen für Siebenjährige vermuten lässt, denn es wird ‚nur’ ein „offener Bildungskanon“ angeboten, der recht vielseitig und nicht nur durch Instruktion zu erreichen ist. Doch die öffentliche Rezeption des Buches hat sich schon – soweit erkennbar – darauf kapriziert, dass nun eine schlüssige Orientierung, ein vorbildlicher „Wissens- und Erfahrungskatalog“ für Eltern und Erzieher vorliegt, an den sie sich in ihrem Erziehungsverhalten halten können – wie normativ oder rigide er auch immer ausfällt.

Internationalisierung des Lehramts – eine Quadratur des Kreises? Zu Chancen und Grenzen eines grenzüberschreitenden Paradigmas der Lehrerbildung am Beispiel des Masterstudiengangs MEEF / LINT (Lehramt International Nizza-Regensburg

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jochen Mecke

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Die Internationalisierung ist nicht das Problem, sie ist die Lösung: In einer europäischen Gesellschaft, in der die Dynamik einer neuen Vielfalt derzeit eine der wenigen Konstanten darstellt, die nationenübergreifend Bestand hat und keine Grenzen kennt, brauchen wir eine Lehrerbildung, die strukturell und konzeptionell so gesamteuropäisch angelegt ist wie ihre Herausforderungen. Wir brauchen trotz und wegen verschiedener bildungspolitischer Unterschiede und Hürden neue Ansätze der Kooperation und Vernetzung, deren Chancen und Herausforderungen in der Folge exemplarisch am binationalen Master of Education MEEF / LINT (Lehramt International Deutsch-Französisch skizziert werden sollen.

Vermittlung eines soliden Grundwissens Conveying a Sound Base of Knowledge

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anja Wehler-Schöck

2004-07-01

Full Text Available Ellen Krause legt eine umfassende und zugängliche Einführung in die politikwissenschaftliche Geschlechterforschung vor. Sie beabsichtigt damit, eine von ihr konstatierte Lücke in der deutschsprachigen Literatur zu diesem Thema zu schließen. Darauf bedacht, wissenschaftliche Konzepte in Bezug zur Praxis zu stellen, beweist die Autorin viel didaktisches Geschick. Theoretische Ausführungen werden durch Übungen, Denkanstöße und praktische Tipps ergänzt.Ellen Krause presents a broad and accessible introduction to gender studies within the discipline of political science. She hereby intends to fill a gap in the literature on this topic in German-speaking countries. The author illustrates great didactical skill in her aim to relate scientific concepts to practice. Theoretical explanations are supplemented with exercises, impetuses for reflection and practical tips.

Die Restaurierung eines Meisterwerkes live erleben. Stereomikroskopie hilft Kunstschätze zu erhalten

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Wadum, Jørgen

2008-01-01

können bis voraussichtlich Juni 2008 die konservierung, restaurierung und wissenschaftliche untersuchung eines der imposantesten gemälde von Jacob Jordaens (1593–1678) hautnah miterleben: das 2,80 × 4,67 m große „Der Zinsgroschen – Petrus findet die Münze im Maul des fischs oder Die fähre nach Antwerpen......“. Eine offene Werkstatt inmitten des Museums eröffnet spannende einblicke in das innerste des Meisterwerkes sowie in Techniken der konservierungs- und restaurierungsarbeit. Ziel des rund zehnmonatigen projektes ist es, neben der restaurierung, die Materialien, Techniken, Bedeutung...

Recent results from the DELPHI barrel ring imaging Cherenkov counter

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anassontzis, E.G.; Ioannou, P.; Kalkanis, G.; Katsanevas, S.; Kontaxis, I.; Kourkoumelis, C.; Nounos, S.; Preve, P.; Resvanis, L.K.; Brunet, J.M.; Dolbeau, J.; Guglielmo, L.; Ledroit, F.; Poutot, D.; Tristram, G.

1991-01-01

The DELPHI detector, installed at LEP, is equipped with RICH (Ring Imaging Cherenkov) counters. The Barrel part incorporates a liquid (C 6 F 14 ) and a gaseous (C 5 F 12 ) radiator providing particle identification up to 20GeV/c. The Cherenkov protons of both radiators are detected by TPC-like photon detectors. The drift gas (75% CH 4 + 25% C 2 H 6 ) is doped with TMAE, but which the UV Cherenkov photons are converted into single free photo-electrons. These are drifted towards MWPC's at the end of the drift tubes and the space coordinates of the conversion point are determined. One half of the Barrel RICH is now equipped with drift tubes and has provided results from the liquid radiator since spring 1990. The gas radiator has been tested with C 2 F 6 as a preliminary filling since August 1990. The data obtained demonstrate the good particle identification potential. For the liquid radiator the number of detected photons per ring in hadron jets is N=8, whereas for muon pairs (single tracks) N=10 has been obtained. For the gas radiator 2.1 photons per track were observed, which demonstrates the good functioning of the focussing mirrors, as the C 2 F 6 this is close to the expected value

The CMS Barrel Calorimeter Response to Particle Beams from 2 to 350 GeV/c

CERN Document Server

Yazgan, Elfe

2009-01-01

The response of the combined CMS barrel calorimeters to hadrons, electrons and muons over a range from 2 to 350 GeV/$c$ has been measured. The analysis of the differences in calorimeter response to charged pions, kaons, protons and antiprotons and a discussion of the underlying phenomena are presented. Techniques to correct the signals from the considerably different electromagnetic (EB) and hadronic (HB) barrel calorimeters in reconstructing the energies of hadrons are also presented. Above 5 GeV/$c$, these corrections improve the energy resolution of the combined system where the stochastic term equals $84.7$\\% and the constant term is $7.4$\\%. The corrected mean response remains constant within 1.3\\% {\\it rms}.

Die Entwicklung von Kindern: eine Einführung

OpenAIRE

Siegler, Robert; DeLoache, Judy; Eisenberg, Nancy

2005-01-01

Das Kapitel behandelt zunächst die Gründe für die Untersuchung der Kindesentwicklung und ihre historischen Wurzeln. Es werden anschließend Leitfragen der Kindesentwicklung sowie Methoden der Untersuchung kindlicher Entwicklung erläutert. Eine Zusammenfassung stellt schließlich die Kernthesen der einzelnen Abschnitte in einer kompakten Übersicht dar.(DIPF/paul)

Untersuchungen zum Potential eines Verbrennungsmotors mit Druckwellenlader

OpenAIRE

Binder, Emanuel

2015-01-01

Mithilfe der Abgasturboaufladung lässt sich der Kraftstoffverbrauch im Fahrzeugbetrieb durch das Anheben der spezifischen Motorleistung senken. Im Gegensatz zur mechanischen Aufladung verschlechtert sich jedoch mit der Abgasturbolaufladung das Ansprechverhalten. Eine Möglichkeit den Zielkonflikt von Kraftstoffverbrauch und Ansprechverhalten zu lösen ist es, den Abgasturbolader durch einen Druckwellenladers zu ersetzen. Dieser überträgt die Abgasenergie direkt auf die Frischluft in Form von Dr...

Pasireotid: Eine neue Therapieoption bei Morbus Cushing

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luger A

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Im Behandlungsalgorithmus des Morbus Cushing war bisher keine zugelassene pharmakologische Behandlungsmöglichkeit verfügbar. Mit dem Multirezeptor-Somatostatinanalogon Pasireotid steht nun mit der im April 2012 erfolgten Zulassung die erste, spezifisch für die Therapie dieses Krankheitsbildes entwickelte Substanz zur Verfügung. Die Studienevidenz belegt eine schnelle und nachhaltige Reduktion der ACTH- und Kortisolproduktion mit klinischer Besserung bei einem Großteil der Patienten.

Wohnquartiersbeschreibung: ein Instrument zur Regionalisierung von Nachbarschaften

OpenAIRE

Hoffmeyer-Zlotnik, Jürgen H. P.

2001-01-01

'Ausgehend von der Annahme, daß soziale Differenzierung sich in räumlicher Differenzierung niederschlägt, bietet eine Beschreibung der Struktur des näheren Wohnumfeldes die Möglichkeit, das Wohnquartier als Handlungsraum und Sozialisationsinstanz zur Interpretation von Umfragedaten zu nutzen. Das vorliegende Instrumentarium erlaubt es, das Wohnquartier unabhängig von Zensusdaten über Merkmale, die in der eigenen Umfrage erhoben werden, zu charakterisieren.' (Autorenreferat) 'The general hy...

Identification of Clearance and Contact Stiffness in a Simplified Barrel-Cradle Structure of Artillery System

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Bing Li

2015-02-01

Full Text Available In gun barrel-cradle structure, the presence of clearance usually changes the dynamic response of muzzle and results in shooting dispersion (under continuous firing condition. The parameter estimation of such clearance nonlinear system is the prerequisite for establishing quantitative relation between the clearance and muzzle disturbance. In this paper, the restoring force surface (RFS method and the nonlinear identification through feedback of outputs (NIFO method are first combined for parameter identification in a simplified barrel-cradle structure. With the RFS method, clearance value can be obtained by analyzing the restoring force plot. Then the contact stiffness can be identified by using NIFO method. This identification process is verified in a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF system with clearance. To adapt to the rigid-flexible coupled beam system with clearances which is simplified from the barrel-cradle structure, a modification for the combined method mentioned above is proposed. The core idea of the modification is reducing the continuous system to multiple-degree-of-freedom (MDOF system to reserve the nonlinear characteristics through modal transformation matrix. The advantage of this transformation is that the linear parts of the MDOF systems are decoupled, which greatly reduces the difficulty of identification. The simulation results have shown the effectiveness of current method.

Dewatering and drying - prerequisites for a safe sewage sludge disposal; Entwaesserung und Trocknung - Voraussetzung fuer eine sichere Klaerschlammentsorgung

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wiesmann, J. [Stadtentwaesserung Zuerich (Switzerland)

1997-12-31

Today, besides the agricultural utilization of liquid and drained sludge and the composting, there are the following different disposal ways which come into consideration: - sludge combustion in an independent plant or with garbage together; - utilization as a combustible both in cement and asphalt industry as well as in thermal power stations; - additives in commercial fertilizer or direct utilization as a dry fertilizer in agriculture (phosphorus fertilizer). All these ways demand a sludge product, with a dry content of 55 up to approximately 90 percent. During specification of an as flexible as possible plant in the waste water treatment plant Zurich-Werdhoelzli therefore, was demanded a double stage drying, for the production of both products, one with about 55 percent of dry matter (for combustion without supplementary combustibles) and one of these with 85-95 percent of dry matter. An indirect thin film contact extrusion gear was chosen in order to hold the odour and dust problems as small as possible, a high drying degree, in order to allow the desired corrected piling up and a better handling. This in turn should bring a further flexibility for trading of the sewage sludge product what has again favorable influence on the costs. (orig./SR) [Deutsch] Zur Zeit kommen neben der landwirtschaftlichen Verwertung von fluessigem und entwaessertem Schlamm sowie dem Kompostieren folgende Entsorgungswege in Frage: - Schlammverbrennung in einer eigenstaendigen Anlage oder zusammen mit Muell; - Einsatz als Brennstoff sowohl in der Zement- und Asphaltindustrie wie auch in thermischen Kraftwerken; - Zuschlagstoff in Handelsduenger oder direkter Einsatz als Trockenduenger (Phosphorduenger) in der Landwirtschaft. Alle diese Wege verlangen ein Schlammprodukt, das einen Trockengehalt von 55 resp. rund 90 Prozent aufweisen muss. Bei der Spezifikation einer moeglichst flexiblen Anlage in der Klaeranlage Zuerich-Werdhoelzli wurde deshalb eine zweistufige Trocknung verlangt, die

Result from systematic compilation of barrel bolt findings in S/KWU type PWRs in the context of computational analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kilian, R.; Devrient, B.; Koenig, G.; Stanislowski, M.; Widera, M.; Beusekom, R. van; Wermelinger, T.

2015-01-01

In 2005 intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC) of barrel bolts was observed in several S/KWU type PWRs. The bolts, known as star bolts, are made of SS type 316 Ti (German Material No. 1.4571 K) bars which are cold worked to adjust the required mechanical properties. This damage mechanism was so far less understood for PWR primary conditions. Therefore an extended joint research program was launched by AREVA GmbH and VGB e.V. to clarify the specific conditions which contributed to the observed findings on barrel bolts. A systematic analysis of the IGSCC affecting parameters as material, heats, environment and mechanical load was performed based on a plant data compilation from all six S/KWU PWRs with comparable core barrel design using barrel and baffle bolts made from type 316Ti. Using the outcome of this systematic data compilation additional computational fluid dynamics calculations in combination with radiolysis calculations were performed. The results showed that by a combination of reduced volume exchange by local flow conditions and radiolysis reactions forming oxidizing species as dissolved oxygen and/or hydrogen peroxide may locally affect the corrosion behavior of cold worked austenitic stainless steels. Therefore, small local volumes with oxidizing water chemistry conditions are assumed to lead to the IGSCC of cold worked type 316Ti. The comparison of the initial cold worked microstructure by TEM with the cold worked and in service irradiated microstructure (void formation, dislocation loop density, etc.) clearly reveals that neutron irradiation hardening in terms of IASCC (Irradiation-Assisted Stress Corrosion Cracking) is not the leading mechanism for these cases of barrel bolt cracking in the analyzed PWRs. (authors)

Bewertung des Aufbaus einer Ladeinfrastruktur für eine Redox-Flow-Batteriebasierte Elektromobilität

OpenAIRE

Funke, Simon Árpád; Wietschel, Martin

2012-01-01

Eine Erreichung ambitionierter internationaler Klimaziele ist bei wachsendem Mobiliätsbedarf ohne Elektromobilität nicht möglich. Elektromobilität in Verbindung mit regenerativen Energien wird als wichtiger Baustein zur Reduktion der Treibhausgasemissionen angesehen. Gleichzeitig ist die Verbreitung von Elektrofahrzeugen gering, da diese gegenüber Verbrennungsfahrzeugen mit Einschränkungen verbunden sind. Neben den Anschaffungsausgaben stehen lange Ladezeiten und eine beschränkte Reichweite d...

Coevolving residues of (beta/alpha)(8)-barrel proteins play roles in stabilizing active site architecture and coordinating protein dynamics.

Science.gov (United States)

Shen, Hongbo; Xu, Feng; Hu, Hairong; Wang, Feifei; Wu, Qi; Huang, Qiang; Wang, Honghai

2008-12-01

Indole-3-glycerol phosphate synthase (IGPS) is a representative of (beta/alpha)(8)-barrel proteins-the most common enzyme fold in nature. To better understand how the constituent amino-acids work together to define the structure and to facilitate the function, we investigated the evolutionary and dynamical coupling of IGPS residues by combining statistical coupling analysis (SCA) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The coevolving residues identified by the SCA were found to form a network which encloses the active site completely. The MD simulations showed that these coevolving residues are involved in the correlated and anti-correlated motions. The correlated residues are within van der Waals contact and appear to maintain the active site architecture; the anti-correlated residues are mainly distributed on opposite sides of the catalytic cavity and coordinate the motions likely required for the substrate entry and product release. Our findings might have broad implications for proteins with the highly conserved (betaalpha)(8)-barrel in assessing the roles of amino-acids that are moderately conserved and not directly involved in the active site of the (beta/alpha)(8)-barrel. The results of this study could also provide useful information for further exploring the specific residue motions for the catalysis and protein design based on the (beta/alpha)(8)-barrel scaffold.

Variations in oxygen and ellagitannins, and organoleptic properties of red wine aged in French oak barrels classified by a near infrared system.

Science.gov (United States)

Michel, Julien; Albertin, Warren; Jourdes, Michael; Le Floch, Alexandra; Giordanengo, Thomas; Mourey, Nicolas; Teissedre, Pierre-Louis

2016-08-01

During wine aging in barrels, antioxidant molecules from wood, such as ellagitannins, are solubilized and react with wine molecules and oxygen. However, their concentrations are highly variable. Oxygen is an important factor, as it plays a role in wine parameters and organoleptic perceptions. Five barrel modalities were used; three polyphenol indices (IP), classified using the NIRS procedure, and three grain qualities. Barrels were equipped with windows to measure the oxygen using luminescence technology. The ellagitannin concentrations in the wine and its organoleptic properties were monitored. Oxygen concentrations decreased quickly during the first 8days of aging and this phenomenon was significantly more marked in barrels with a higher IP and medium grain. The ellagitannin concentrations were believed to be correlated with wood classification and oxygen consumption. Furthermore, the organoleptic properties were significantly impacted, as the wine with the lowest ellagitannin level was described as less astringent, bitter, woody, and smoky/toasty. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Clinical course of a partially thrombosed, symptomatic aneurysm of the basilar artery tip with partial recanalization subsequent to coiling; Verlaufsbeschreibung eines teilthrombosierten symptomatischen Basilariskopfaneurysmas mit teilweiser Rekanalisierung nach Coiling

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Moeller, V. [Universitaet des Saarlandes, Abteilung fuer Neuroradiologie, Homburg (Germany); Klinikum Saarbruecken, Institut fuer bildgebende Diagnostik und Interventionen, Saarbruecken (Germany); Axmann, C.; Reith, W. [Universitaet des Saarlandes, Abteilung fuer Neuroradiologie, Homburg (Germany)

2006-05-15

A 72-year-old patient was referred to the neuroradiological department for diagnostic angiography. She was suffering from vertigo and double vision. Magnetic resonance imaging performed elsewhere had demonstrated a giant aneurysm of the basilar artery tip 2 cm in diameter. Angiography revealed a large aneurysm with a broad neck that was partially thrombosed, which precluded closure by coiling. Neurosurgical management by clipping also appeared to be unsuitable because of the proximity to the cerebrum. The decision was reached to proceed expectantly by closely monitoring the clinical course. When the aneurysm increased in size in the ensuing weeks, coiling was performed successfully. Angiographic follow-up showed reperfusion of the aneurysm neck and closure was again achieved by repeat coiling. Reperfusion is not a rare complication following coiling and often necessitates renewed intervention. (orig.) [German] Eine 72-jaehrige Patientin wurde in der neuroradiologischen Abteilung zur diagnostischen Angiographie vorgestellt. Sie litt unter Schwindel und Doppelbildern. Eine auswaertige MR-Untersuchung des Gehirns zeigte ein Riesenaneurysma des Basilariskopfes mit einem Durchmesser von 2 cm. Die Angiographie zeigte ein grosses Aneurysma mit breitem Hals, das teilweise thrombosiert war. Dies liess einen Verschluss durch Coiling nicht zu. Eine neurochirurgische Behandlung durch Klippung erschien wegen der Naehe zum Mittelhirn ebenfalls ungeeignet. Man einigte sich auf ein abwartendes Vorgehen durch eine engmaschige Verlaufsbeobachtung. Als das Aneurysma in den folgenden Wochen eine Groessenzunahme zeigte, wurde erfolgreich ein Coiling durchgefuehrt. Eine angiographische Verlaufskontrolle zeigte eine Reperfusion des Aneurysmahalses. Erneut konnte ein Verschluss durch Coiling erzielt werden. Eine Reperfusion ist keine seltene Komplikation nach Coiling, die oft eine erneute Intervention erfordert. (orig.)

Design of a modular cogeneration plant to supply residential buildings; Dimensionierung eines Blockheizkraftwerkes zur Versorgung einer Wohnsiedlung

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Marquardt, R.

2000-03-01

Excel tables are presented for fast integral calculation of all energetic and monetary parameters required for calculating the economic efficiency of a cogeneration plant. The Excel programming is more detailed than the method of calculation specified in VDI 2067 in that it also provides potential energy savings,carbon dioxide reduction and exergetic calculations. Influencing parameters like technical data, energy consumption data, fuel properties, and the cost structure of electricity and heat supply can be freely chosen so as to enable maximum parameter variation and an analysis of their influence on the result. [German] Mit der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde ein Instrument in Form von Excel-Tabellen erstellt, das eine schnelle integrale Berechnung aller energetischen und monetaeren Ergebnisgroessen ermoeglicht, die beim Einsatz eines BHKW zur Versorgung einer Bedarfsstruktur im Vergleich zu einer konventionellen getrennten Energiebereitstellung von Interesse sind. Die Excel-Programmierung geht dabei ueber die Abbildung des in der VDI 2067 beschriebenen Berechnungsverfahrens hinaus und liefert neben der Berechnung der Waermebereitstellungskosten auch die Ermittlung von Energieeinspar-, CO{sub 2}-Minderungspotentialen sowie eine exergetische Betrachtung der Ergebnisse. Alle auf das Ergebnis einwirkende Parameter wie technische Anlagendaten, Energiebedarfswerte, Brennstoffeigenschaften, Kostenstruktur der Elektrizitaets- und Waermeversorgung u.a. sind prinzipiell frei waehlbar. So wurde sichergestellt, dass eine Variation verschiedener Parameter moeglich ist und deren Einfluss auf das Ergebnis analysiert werden kann. (orig.)

Review: Holger Stoecker: Afrikawissenschaften in Berlin von 1919 bis 1945. Zur Geschichte und Topographie eines wissenschaftlichen Netzwerkes (2008 Buchbesprechung: Holger Stoecker: Afrikawissenschaften in Berlin von 1919 bis 1945. Zur Geschichte und Topographie eines wissenschaftlichen Netzwerkes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Katrin Bromber

2009-05-01

Full Text Available Review of the monograph: Holger Stoecker: Afrikawissenschaften in Berlin von 1919 bis 1945. Zur Geschichte und Topographie eines wissenschaftlichen Netzwerkes, Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag 2008, ISBN 978-3-515-09161-9, 359 pages. Besprechung der Monographie: Holger Stoecker: Afrikawissenschaften in Berlin von 1919 bis 1945. Zur Geschichte und Topographie eines wissenschaftlichen Netzwerkes, Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag 2008, ISBN 978-3-515-09161-9, 359 Seiten.

Developmental Changes in Sensory-Evoked Optical Intrinsic Signals in the Rat Barrel Cortex

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mikhail Sintsov

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Optical Intrinsic Signal imaging (OISi is a powerful technique for optical brain studies. OIS mainly reflects the hemodynamic response (HR and metabolism, but it may also involve changes in tissue light scattering (LS caused by transient cellular swelling in the active tissue. Here, we explored the developmental features of sensory-evoked OIS in the rat barrel cortex during the first 3 months after birth. Multispectral OISi revealed that two temporally distinct components contribute to the neonatal OIS: an early phase of LS followed by a late phase of HR. The contribution of LS to the early response was also evidenced by an increase in light transmission through the active barrel. The early OIS phase correlated in time and amplitude with the sensory-evoked electrophysiological response. Application of the Modified Beer-Lambert Law (MBLL to the OIS data revealed that HR during the early phase involved only a slight decrease in blood oxygenation without any change in blood volume. In contrast, HR during the late phase manifested an adult-like increase in blood volume and oxygenation. During development, the peak time of the delayed HR progressively shortened with age, nearly reaching the stimulus onset and overlapping with the early LS phase by the fourth postnatal week. Thus, LS contributes to the sensory-evoked OIS in the barrel cortex of rats at all ages, and it dominates the early OIS phase in neonatal rats due to delayed HR. Our results are also consistent with the delayed blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD signal in human preterm infants.

Overview of the Factors Music Making in Tamhidat by Ein al-Ghozat Hamedani

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fatemeh Modarresi

2013-11-01

Full Text Available Abstract Figures of speech in addition to their aesthetic functions have different effects on words. Internal music is one of the  effects of figures of speech  which can play an important role in beautifying the word and its effect on the audience. The internal music comes with the use of verbal figures of speech. Figures that make words related by similarity or uniformity of vowels and consonants and create sensible  alliteration. Categories of palilogy, alliteration, parallelism, pun and riming prose are among the figures of speech  that play a major role in creating internal  music of the poem. In this study, with a descriptive-analytical approach, we discuss the roll of music making factors in  Tamhidat as an example of prose poem. The language of Ein ol-Ghozat in Tamhidat is preachy and didactical and in an addressing mode. Despite the intensity and sharpness of his speech, he speaks simple language with his audience. However, his words are in some cases melodious that influences audience and increases its penetration in the listener. The music of his words is natural so the listener can feel it with his spirit and takes its effect. Well syntagmatic arrangement of words is one of his language features that is based on music and phonemes' melody. This music gives words importance and predominance and makes Tamhida's  prose a kind of prose poem. Applying some of the subtle and tiny musical elements such as parallelism (paronomasia /pun makes the music of book more effective and catching. In other words, harmony of sounds and synchronization through which prose becomes rhythmic and melodious is one of the aesthetic aspects of the mystical prose of Ein ol-Ghozat that arises from his word's music and special intonation, so as human nature accepts it and enjoys reading. This word music is found in the form of alliteration, pun, repetition, and meter in important parts of his speech that sometimes becomes close to prosodic meter. In Ein ol

Liquid Argon Barrel Cryostat Arrived

CERN Multimedia

Pailler, P

Last week the first of three cryostats for the ATLAS liquid argon calorimeter arrived at CERN. It had travelled for 46 days over several thousand kilometers from Japan to CERN. During three years it has been fabricated by Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd. at Harima, close to Kobe, under contract from Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) of the U.S.. This cryostat consists of two concentric cylinders made of aluminium: the outer vacuum vessel with a diameter of 5.5 m and a length of 7 m, and the inner cold vessel which will contain the electromagnetic barrel calorimeter immersed in liquid argon. The total weight will be 270 tons including the detectors and the liquid argon. The cryostat is now located in building 180 where it will be equipped with 64 feed-throughs which serve for the passage of 122,880 electrical lines which will carry the signals of the calorimeter. After integration of the calorimeter, the solenoidal magnet of ATLAS will be integrated in the vacuum vessel. A final cold test of the cryostat inc...

Inductive charging of electric cars. A techno-economic assessment; Induktives Laden von Elektromobilen. Eine techno-oekonomische Bewertung

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schraven, Sebastian; Kley, Fabian; Wietschel, Martin [Fraunhofer-Institut fuer System- und Innovationsforschung (ISI), Karlsruhe (Germany). Competence Center Energy Politik und Energie Systeme

2010-07-01

Most concepts for charging of electric vehicles are based on cables that must be plugged in and out. In case of frequent charging or short-term charging, however, this may be impractical, and an inductive (cableless) solution would be preferable. The contribution attempts to analyze if inductive power transmission is technically feasible in electric vehicles, and in what areas it will be economically attractive to users. To begin with, the two charging technologies are presented and compared. This is followed by a cost assessment. It is found that the inductive technology involves significant additional cost, so it cannot be expected to spread quickly. In certain conditions, however, it may be applicable as a niche technology in certain commercial applications, e.g. taxis. (orig.) [German] In den bisher diskutierten Konzepten zur Ladung von Elektrofahrzeugen ist die kabelgebundene (konduktive) Ladung vorherrschend, bei der der Nutzer das Kabel zur Ladung ein- bzw. wieder ausstecken muss. Haeufige Ladevorgaenge und insbesondere Kurzladungen lassen jedoch dieses Ein- und Ausstecken neben der reduzierten Reichweite des Elektrofahrzeugs unpraktisch in der Nutzung erscheinen. Demgegenueber bietet die induktive (kabellose) Energieuebertragung das Laden ohne erforderlichen Nutzereingriff. Der vorliegende Artikel versucht die Fragen zu beantworten, ob ein Einsatz der induktiven Energieuebertragung bereits technisch zur Ladung von Elektrofahrzeugen realisierbar ist, und in welchen Bereichen diese eine wirtschaftlich attraktive Loesung fuer den Nutzer darstellt. Dazu werden zunaechst die Ladetechnologien vor- und technisch gegenuebergestellt. Auf Basis einer Kostenbetrachtung ist auch ein oekonomischer Vergleich der beiden Ladetechnologien moeglich. Es zeigt sich, dass aus wirtschaftlicher Sicht aufgrund signifikanter Mehrkosten vorlaeufig kein weitverbreiteter Einsatz der induktiven Technik zu erwarten ist. Unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen ergibt sich aber ein begrenztes

Installation of the Liquid Argon Calorimater Barrel in the ATLAS Experimental Cavern

CERN Multimedia

Vandoni, G.

On the 27th of October, the Liquid Argon Barrel cryostat was transported from Building 180 to point 1. The next day, the Barrel was lowered into the cavern, and was placed on jacks close to its final position inside the completed lower half of the Tile calorimeter. After a day of precise adjustment, it was resting within a few millimetres of its nominal final position, waiting for the upper half of the Tile calorimeter to be installed. Tight requests had been issued by the Liquid Argon collaboration for the whole transport. It was foreseen that the cryostat should not see any acceleration larger than 0.15g along its axis, 0.08g transversally and 0.3g in the vertical direction. In addition, no acceleration higher than 0.03g (or even 0.003g for permanent oscillation) would be allowed at 20Hz, to avoid the risk of damaging the absorbers at this spontaneous vibration frequency. The difficulty would arise when coping these demands with the tortuous route, its slopes and curbs, vibration transmission from the engi...

EINE UNTERSUCHUNG UBER DIE NUTZUNG DER WINDENERGIE IN DER WELT UND IN DER TURKEI

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aydoğan ÖZDAMAR

2000-02-01

Full Text Available In dieser Arbeit wurde die Nutzung der in Zukunft bei der Energieversorgung eine wichtige Rolle zuspielende Windenergie allgemein bewertet. Zu dem Zweck wurde zuerst Potential und geschichtliche Entwicklung der Windenergienutzung in der Welt und in der Türkei, Entstehung des Windes und Windmessungen betrachtet. Anschließend wurden Kritiken über die Unstetigkeit der Windenergie, der Deckung des Energiebedarfs eines Hauses vollständig von Windenergie und der Wirtschaftlichkeit des Windstroms behandelt und Antworten mit konkreten Beispielen auf diese Kritiken gegeben.

Narrative Expositionstherapie (NET) für Menschen nach Gewalt und Flucht : Ein Einblick in das Verfahren

OpenAIRE

Schauer, Maggie; Elbert, Thomas; Neuner, Frank

2017-01-01

Die Narrative Expositionstherapie (NET) ist ein effizientes Kernelement der Behandlung von Kindern und Erwachsenen, die unter den Folgen von Mehrfach- und Komplextraumatisierung nach Gewalt und Flucht leiden. Die chronologische Erarbeitung einer Narration, der individuellen Lebensgeschichte in der NET ermöglicht Traumaüberlebenden eine Gesamtschau ihres Lebens und so die Integration der Lebenserfahrungen in den biografischen Zusammenhang. Sie aktiviert Ressourcen und erlaubt korrigierende Bez...

Die Wirkung von Work-Life Balance Initiativen auf das Mitarbeitercommitment: Eine empirische Untersuchung in der Unternehmensberatungsbranche

OpenAIRE

Kaiser, Stephan; Ringlstetter, Max; Reindl, Cornelia U.; Stolz, Martin Lothar

2010-01-01

Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht die Wirkung von unternehmerischen Work-Life Balance Initiativen für die emotionale Bindung der Mitarbeiter zum Unternehmen, d. h. das organisationale Commitment von Mitarbeitern im Kontext der Unternehmensberatung. Dazu wurde eine Untersuchung mit insgesamt 275 Unternehmensberaterinnen und -beratern durchgeführt. Die Datenanalyse erfolgte anhand eines PLSStrukturgleichungsmodells (Partial-Least-Squares-Ansatz). Die Ergebnisse weisen darauf hin, dass auch in ...

Intercalibration of the barrel electromagnetic calorimeter of the CMS experiment at start-up

CERN Document Server

Adzic, Petar; Almeida, Nuno; Anagnostou, Georgios; Andelin, Daniel; Anfreville, Marc; Anicin, Ivan; Antunovic, Zeljko; Arcidiacono, Roberta; Arenton, Michael Wayne; Auffray, Etiennette; Argiro, Stefano; Askew, Andrew; Atramentov, Oleksiy; Baccaro, Stefania; Baffioni, Stephanie; Balazs, Michael; Barney, David; Barone, Luciano; Bartoloni, Alessandro; Baty, Clement; Bandurin, Dmitry; Beauceron, Stephanie; Bell, Ken W; Benetta, Robert; Bercher, Michel; Bernet, Colin; Berthon, Ursula; Besançon, Marc; Betev, Botjo; Beuselinck, Raymond; Biino, Cristina; Blaha, Jan; Bloch, Philippe; Blyth, Simon; Bornheim, Adolf; Bourotte, Jean; Brett, Angela Mary; Brown, Robert M; Britton, David; Bühler, M; Busson, Philippe; Camanzi, Barbara; Camporesi, Tiziano; Carrera, E; Cartiglia, Nicolo; Cavallari, Francesca; Cerutti, Muriel; Chang, Paoti; Chang, You-Hao; Charlot, Claude; Chen, E Augustine; Chen, Wan-Ting; Chen, Zheng-Yu; Chipaux, Rémi; Choudhary, Brajesh C; Choudhury, Rajani Kant; Cockerill, David J A; Combaret, Christophe; Conetti, Sergio; Cossutti, Fabio; Cox, Bradley; Cussans, David; Dafinei, Ioan; Da Silva Di Calafiori, Diogo Raphael; Daskalakis, Georgios; Davatz, Giovanna; David, A; Deiters, Konrad; Dejardin, Marc; Djordjevic, Milos; Della Negra, Rodolphe; Della Ricca, Giuseppe; Del Re, Daniele; De Min, Alberto; Denegri, Daniel; Depasse, Pierre; Descamps, Julien; Diemoz, Marcella; Di Marco, Emanuele; Dissertori, Günther; Dittmar, Michael; Djambazov, Lubomir; Dobrzynski, Ludwik; Drndarevic, Snezana; Duboscq, Jean Etienne; Dutta, Dipanwita; Dzelalija, Mile; Peisert, A; El-Mamouni, H; Evangelou, Ioannis; Evans, David; Fabbro, Bernard; Faure, Jean-Louis; Fay, Jean; Ferri, Federico; Flower, Paul S; Franci, Daniele; Franzoni, Giovanni; Freudenreich, Klaus; Funk, Wolfgang; Ganjour, Serguei; Gargiulo, Corrado; Gascon, Susan; Gataullin, Marat; Geerebaert, Yannick; Gentit, François-Xavier; Gershtein, Yuri; Ghezzi, Alessio; Ghodgaonkar, Manohar; Gilly, Jean; Givernaud, Alain; Gninenko, Sergei; Go, Apollo; Gobbo, Benigno; Godinovic, Nikola; Golubev, Nikolai; Gong, Datao; Govoni, Pietro; Grant, Nicholas; Gras, Philippe; Greenhalgh, R J S; Guevara Riveros, Luz; Guillaud, Jean-Paul; Haguenauer, Maurice; Hamel de Monchenault, Gautier; Hansen, Magnus; Heath, Helen F; Heltsley, Brian; Hill, Jack; Hintz, Wieland; Hirosky, Robert; Hobson, Peter R; Honma, Alan; Hou, George Wei-Shu; Hsiung, Yee; Husejko, Michal; Ille, Bernard; Imlay, Richard; Ingram, Quentin; Jarry, Patrick; Jessop, Colin; Jovanovic, Dragoslav; Kaadze, Ketino; Kachanov, Vassili; Kailas, Swaminathan; Kataria, Sushil Kumar; Kennedy, Bruce W; Kloukinas, Kostas; Kokkas, Panagiotis; Kolberg, Ted; Krasnikov, Nikolai; Krpic, Dragomir; Kubota, Yuichi; Kumar, P; Kuo, Chen-Cheng; Kyberd, Paul; Kyriakis, Aristotelis; Lebeau, Michel; Lecomte, Pierre; Lecoq, Paul; Ledovskoy, Alexander; Leshev, Georgi; Lethuillier, Morgan; Lin, Sheng-Wen; Lin, Willis; Lintern, A L; Litvine, Vladimir; Locci, Elizabeth; Lodge, Anthony B; Longo, Egidio; Loukas, Demetrios; Luckey, Paul David; Lustermann, Werner; Lynch, Clare; Ma, Yousi; Mahlke-Krüger, H; Malberti, Martina; Malcles, Julie; Maletic, Dimitrije; Mandjavidze, Irakli; Manthos, Nikolaos; Maravin, Yurii; Marchica, Carmelo; Marinelli, Nancy; Markou, Athanasios; Markou, Christos; Marone, Matteo; Mathez, Hervé; Matveev, Viktor; Mavrommatis, Charalampos; Maurelli, Georges; Meridiani, Paolo; Milenovic, Predrag; Milleret, Gérard; Miné, Philippe; Mohanty, Ajit Kumar; Moortgat, Filip; Mur, Michel; Musella, Pasquale; Musienko, Yuri; Nardulli, Alessandro; Nash, Jordan; Nédélec, Patrick; Negri, Pietro; Newman, Harvey B; Nikitenko, Alexander; Nessi-Tedaldi, Francesca; Obertino, Maria Margherita; Organtini, Giovanni; Orimoto, Toyoko; Paganoni, Marco; Paganini, Pascal; Palma, Alessandro; Panev, Bozhidar; Pant, Lalit Mohan; Papadakis, Antonakis; Papadakis, Ioannis; Papadopoulos, Ioannis; Paramatti, Riccardo; Parracho, P; Pastrone, Nadia; Patterson, Juliet Ritchie; Pauss, Felicitas; Petrakou, Eleni; Phillips, D G; Piroué, Pierre; Ptochos, Fotios; Puljak, Ivica; Pullia, Antonino; Punz, Thomas; Puzovic, Jovan; Ragazzi, Stefano; Rahatlou, Shahram; Rander, John; Razis, Panos A; Redaelli, Nicola; Renker, Dieter; Reucroft, Steve; Reymond, Jean-Marc; Ribeiro, Pedro Quinaz; Röser, Ulf; Rogan, Christopher; Romanteau, Thierry; Rondeaux, Françoise; Ronquest, Michael; Rosowsky, André; Rovelli, Chiara; Rumerio, Paolo; Rusack, Roger; Rusakov, Sergey V; Ryan, Matthew John; Sala, Leonardo; Salerno, Roberto; Santanastasio, Francesco; Schinzel, Dietrich; Seez, Christopher; Sharp, Peter; Shepherd-Themistocleous, Claire; Siamitros, Christos; Sillou, Daniel; Singovsky, Alexander; Sirois, Yves; Sirunyan, Albert M; Silva, J; Silva, Pedro; Shiu, Jing-Ge; Shivpuri, Ram Krishen; Shukla, Prashant; Smith, Brian; Smith, Vincent J; Sproston, Martin; Stöckli, Fabian; Suter, Henry; Swain, John; Tabarellide Fatis, T; Takahashi, Maiko; Tcheremoukhine, Alexandre; Teller, Olivier; Theofilatos, Konstantinos; Thiebaux, Christophe; Timciuc, Vladlen; Timlin, Claire; Titov, Maksym; Tobias, A; Topkar, Anita; Triantis, Frixos A; Troshin, Sergey; Tyurin, Nikolay; Ueno, Koji; Uzunian, Andrey; Varela, Joao; Verrecchia, Patrice; Veverka, Jan; Vichoudis, Paschalis; Virdee, Tejinder; Vlassov, E; Von Gunten, Hans Peter; Wang, Minzu; Wardrope, David; Weber, Markus; Weng, Joanna; Williams, Jennifer C; Yang, Yong; Yaselli, Ignacio; Yohay, Rachel; Zabi, Alexandre; Zamiatin, Nikolai; Zelepoukine, Serguei; Zhang, Jia-Wen; Zhang, Lin; Zhu, Kejun; Zhu, Ren-Yuan

2008-01-01

Calibration of the relative response of the individual channels of the barrel electromagnetic calorimeter of the CMS detector was accomplished before installation with cosmic ray muons and test beams. One fourth of the calorimeter was exposed to a beam of high energy electrons and the relative calibration of the channels, the intercalibration, was found to be reproducible to a precision of about 0.3\\%. Additionally, data were collected with cosmic rays for the entire ECAL barrel during the commissioning phase. By comparing the intercalibration constants obtained with the electron beam data with those from the cosmic ray data, it is demonstrated that the latter provide an intercalibration precision of 1.5\\% over most of the ECAL. The best intercalibration precision is expected to come from the analysis of events collected {\\it in situ} during the LHC operation. Using data collected with both electrons and pion beams, several aspects of the intercalibration procedures based on electrons or neutral pions were in...

Design and testing of a coil-unit barrel for helical coil electromagnetic launcher

Science.gov (United States)

Yang, Dong; Liu, Zhenxiang; Shu, Ting; Yang, Lijia; Ouyang, Jianming

2018-01-01

A coil-unit barrel for a helical coil electromagnetic launcher is described. It provides better features of high structural strength and flexible adjustability. It is convenient to replace the damaged coil units and easy to adjust the number of turns in the stator coils due to the modular design. In our experiments, the highest velocity measured for a 4.5-kg projectile is 47.3 m/s and the mechanical reinforcement of the launcher could bear 35 kA peak current. The relationship between the energy conversion efficiency and the inductance gradient of the launcher is also studied. In the region of low inductance gradient, the efficiency is positively correlated with the inductance gradient. However, in the region of high inductance gradient, the inter-turn arc erosion becomes a major problem of limiting the efficiency and velocity of the launcher. This modular barrel allows further studies in the inter-turn arc and the variable inductance gradient helical coil launcher.

A new verification method for vehicle electronics; Ein neues Testverfahren zur Verifikation der Fahrzeugelektrik/-elektronik

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sigwart, A.; Bockemuehl, P. [Ford-Werke AG, Koeln (Germany)

2001-07-01

A reliable and durable design of electronic and electrical components of a vehicle is without an adequate verification method inconceivable. Until now the supplier were responsible to verify their components on test benches. Later in the development process the durability is being tested on the proving ground or on hot/cold climate trips. This has been found as not robust enough to deliver high quality to our customer. Due to complex relation between the subsystems and various failure modes a new verification method has been developed. To overcome quality issues a project has been initiated to combine road load conditions, full environmental conditions with driverless actuation. Central part of the project is a small handling robot positioned in the car instead of the driver simulating the customer behaviors by actuating all electrical switches, while the vehicle is in an environmental test chamber (temperature, humidity and sunload) and on a 4-poster road simulator. With an automated procedure the road loads and environmental conditions are combined with the actuation of all electrical components. With this method more complex tasks can be realized. It is now possible to simulate real world customer usage within a short time frame. (orig.) [German] Ein ausfallsicheres Design elektrischer / elektronischer Komponenten im Fahrzeug kann ohne einen Versuch mit kundenrelevanten Parametern nicht realisiert werden. Bisher wurden diese Komponenten beim Lieferanten als Einzelteil und spaeter im Entwicklungsprozess dann im Fahrzeug waehrend der Dauerlauferprobung getestet. Aufgrund der komplexen Zusammenhaenge aller Teilsysteme und der Vielfalt von Versagensarten wurde bei Ford ein neues Testverfahren, ein sog. Key Life Test, entwickelt. Key Life Tests konzentrieren sich auf die wichtigsten Beanspruchungen, die fuer den Funktionsverlust und/oder die im realen Einsatz auftretenden Ausfallarten verantwortlich sind. Die Basis hierfuer bildet ein klimatisierter Testroboter, der

Two-stage supercharging of a passenger car diesel engine; Zweistufige Aufladung eines Pkw-Dieselmotors

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wittmer, A.; Albrecht, P.; Becker, B.; Vogt, G.; Fischer, R. [Erphi Elektronik GmbH, Holzkirchen (Germany)

2004-07-01

Two-stage supercharging of internal combustion engines with specific capacities beyond 70 kW/l opens up new options for smaller charge volumes. A low-pressure and a high-pressure supercharger are connected in series, with by-passes. The control strategy is described in this contribution using a model of exhaust counterpressure. The potential of a two-stage supercharged diesel engine with CR injection was proved in two engines and in dynamic driving tests. The new concept offers optimum chances for downsizing provided that the driving performance is not affected. (orig.) [German] Die zweistufige Aufladung von Verbrennungsmotoren eroeffnet mit spezifischen Leistungen jenseits von 70 kW/l weitere Moeglichkeiten der Hubraumverkleinerung. Dabei werden ein Niederdruck- und ein Hochdrucklader mit Umgehungsleitungen in Reihe geschaltet. Die erforderliche Regelungsstrategie zum kontrollierten Uebergang von einer Stufe auf die naechste erfolgt in dem hier vorliegenden Beitrag anhand eines Modells fuer den Abgasgegendruck. Hierbei wird das Regelorgan so angesteuert, dass sich der gewuenschte Druck vor den Turbinen einstellt. An zwei Motoren konnten stationaere Ergebnisse das Leistungspotential eines zweistufig aufgeladenen Dieselmotors mit 'Common Rail' Einspritzung nachgewiesen werden. Die dynamischen Fahrversuche belegen eindrucksvoll den schnellen Ladedruckaufbau auch aus tiefen Drehzahlbereichen bei gleichzeitig gutem Uebergangsverhalten von der Hochdruck- auf die Niederdruckstufe. Damit bietet der zweistufig aufgeladene Dieselmotor mit dem hier dargestellten Regelungsverfahren optimale Voraussetzungen fuer 'Downsizing' unter der Randbedingung, dass moeglichst keine Einbussen bei den Fahrleistungen hinzunehmen sind. (orig.)

Potenziale eines ‚Dispositive Turn‘ in der Medienpädagogik

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Patrick Bettinger

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Rezension zu: Caborn Wengler, Joannah, Britta Hoffarth, und Łukasz Kumięga, Hrsg. 2013. Verortungen des Dispositiv-Begriffs. Analytische Einsätze zu Raum, Bildung, Politik. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden. doi:10.1007/978-3-531-94260-5.

Ein Nachkömmling Tristans : Warum hat Theodor Storm in seiner Novelle „Späte Rosen" Gottfried von Straßburgs „Tristan und Isolde" erwähnt?

OpenAIRE

田淵, 昌太

2010-01-01

Man hat bisher Theodor Storms Novelle „Späte Rosen" für ein Werk gehalten, das ein friedliches Familienleben beziehungweise das tägliche Zusammenleben eines Ehepaars schildert. Zum Beispiel hat Beate Charlotte Göhler in ihrer umfangreichen Storm-Biografie geschrieben, dass Theodor Storm mit diesem Werk seiner Frau Constanze eine Liebeserklärung machte („Ein Leben für die Graue Stadt" S.198). Wenn man diese Novelle nur oberflächlich liest, ist es eine mögliche Folge, dass man „Späte Rosen"...

Review: Christian Thiel (2011. Das "bessere" Geld: Eine ethnographische Studie über Regionalwährungen

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rolf F.H. Schröder

2012-07-01

Full Text Available Seit einigen Jahren zirkulieren in verschiedenen Teilen Deutschlands Regionalwährungen. Die Initiatoren dieser Projekte sehen in diesen Ergänzungen zum etablierten Euro einen wesentlichen Beitrag zur Lösung der sozialen und ökologischen Herausforderungen unserer Zeit. Die Dissertationsschrift von Christian THIEL offeriert einen Blick hinter die Kulissen und fragt in ihrer systematischen Analyse nach den Triebfedern dieser sozialen Bewegung sowie ihren Erfolgschancen. Der Autor hat sein Forschungsprogramm vor dem Hintergrund eines sich wandelnden Grundverständnisses zum Thema Geld entwickelt. Dabei stützt er sich vor allem auf die theoretischen Reflexionen von Viviana ZELIZER. Mittels teilhabender Beobachtung, Interviews sowie der Auswertung von Materialien entwickelt er ein detailliertes Bild von den Regionalwährungen. Die Darstellung dieser Bewegung auf der Bundesebene wird ergänzt durch eine Fallstudie zum Chiemgauer, der bedeutendsten Einrichtung dieser Art. URN: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs1203158

Landeskundeunterricht zum Nationalsozialismus. Ein Praxisbericht aus der Mongolei

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ralf Heimrath

2015-03-01

Full Text Available In einer Umfrage bei den fortgeschrittenen Studierenden an der Deutschen Abteilung der Nationaluniversität der Mo n- golei wurde festgestellt, dass der Name Hitler sehr bekannt und mit e iner positiven Konnotation verbunden ist. Dagegen gab es keine Kenntnisse über die Zeit des Nationalsozialismus in Deutschland. Mehrere weitere Beobachtungen lassen darüber hinaus in der Mongolei und in anderen Ländern eine bestimmte Hitler - Verehrung erken nen. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurde im Jahr 2012 an der Deutschen Abteilung der Nationaluniversität der Mongolei eine Unterricht s- sequenz zum Thema Nationalsozialismus in Deutschland durchgeführt. Die wichtigsten Themen sind dabei die Persönlichkeit des Dikt ators, der Werdegang der NSDAP während der Weimarer Republik und das Schicksal der jüdischen Bevölkerung in Deutschland vor und insbesondere nach der Machtergreifung Hitlers. Die Sequenz dient der Relativierung des Hitler - Bildes im Bewusstsein der Studiere nden und der Vermittlung von Kenntnissen zur Geschichte des 20. Jahrhunderts als Grundlage einer Entwicklung, die zu zwei deutschen Staaten und ihrer späteren Vereinigung führte. Die Sequenz ist auf vergleichbare Unterrichtssituationen in anderen Ländern übertragbar.

Acoustic and visual remote sensing of barrels of radioactive waste: Application of civilian and military technology to environmental management of the oceans

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Karl, H.A.; Chin, J.L.; Maher, N.M.; Chavez, P.S. Jr.; Ueber, E.; Van Peeters, W.; Curl, H.

1995-01-01

As part of an ongoing strategic research project to find barrels of radioactive waste off San Francisco, the U.S. Navy (USN), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), and the Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary (GFNMS) pooled their expertise, resources, and technology to form a partnership to verify new computer enhancement techniques developed for detecting targets the size of 55 gallon barrels on sidescan sonar images. Between 1946 and 1970, approximately 47,800 large barrels and other containers of radioactive waste were dumped in the ocean west of San Francisco; the containers litter an area of the sea floor of at least 1400 km 2 knows as the Farallon Island Radioactive Waste Dump. The exact location of the containers and the potential hazard the containers pose to the environment is unknown. The USGS developed computer techniques and contracted with private industry to enhance sidescan data, collected in cooperation with the GFNMS, to detect objects as small as 55 gallon steel barrels while conducting regional scale sidescan sonar surveys. Using a subset of the regional sonar survey, images were plotted over a 125 km 2 area. The acoustic interpretations were verified visually using the USN DSV Sea Cliff and the unmanned Advanced Tethered Vehicle (ATV). Barrels and other physical features were found where image enhancement had indicated they would be found. The interagency cooperation among the USN, USGS, and GFNMS has led to develop a cost effective and time efficient method to locate the barrels of radioactive waste. This method has universal application for locating containers of hazardous waste over a regional scale in other ocean areas such as Boston Harbor and the Kara Sea in the Arctic. This successful application of military and civilian expertise and technology has provided scientific information to help formulate policy decisions that affect the environmental management and quality of the ocean

Plasticity-Related Gene 1 Affects Mouse Barrel Cortex Function via Strengthening of Glutamatergic Thalamocortical Transmission.

Science.gov (United States)

Unichenko, Petr; Kirischuk, Sergei; Yang, Jenq-Wei; Baumgart, Jan; Roskoden, Thomas; Schneider, Patrick; Sommer, Angela; Horta, Guilherme; Radyushkin, Konstantin; Nitsch, Robert; Vogt, Johannes; Luhmann, Heiko J

2016-07-01

Plasticity-related gene-1 (PRG-1) is a brain-specific protein that modulates glutamatergic synaptic transmission. Here we investigated the functional role of PRG-1 in adolescent and adult mouse barrel cortex both in vitro and in vivo. Compared with wild-type (WT) animals, PRG-1-deficient (KO) mice showed specific behavioral deficits in tests assessing sensorimotor integration and whisker-based sensory discrimination as shown in the beam balance/walking test and sandpaper tactile discrimination test, respectively. At P25-31, spontaneous network activity in the barrel cortex in vivo was higher in KO mice compared with WT littermates, but not at P16-19. At P16-19, sensory evoked cortical responses in vivo elicited by single whisker stimulation were comparable in KO and WT mice. In contrast, at P25-31 evoked responses were smaller in amplitude and longer in duration in WT animals, whereas KO mice revealed no such developmental changes. In thalamocortical slices from KO mice, spontaneous activity was increased already at P16-19, and glutamatergic thalamocortical inputs to Layer 4 spiny stellate neurons were potentiated. We conclude that genetic ablation of PRG-1 modulates already at P16-19 spontaneous and evoked excitability of the barrel cortex, including enhancement of thalamocortical glutamatergic inputs to Layer 4, which distorts sensory processing in adulthood. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press.

Construction and test of the final CMS Barrel Drift Tube Muon Chamber prototype

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Aguilar-Benitez, M.; Alberdi, J.; Arneodo, M.; Banicz, K.; Benettoni, M.; Benvenuti, A.; Bethke, S.; Cerrada, M. E-mail: cerrada@ciemat.es; Cirio, R.; Colino, N.; Conti, E.; Dallavalle, M.; Daniel, M.; Dattola, D.; Daudo, F.; De Giorgi, M.; Dosselli, U.; Fanfani, A.; Fanin, C.; Fouz, M.C.; Gasparini, F.; Gasparini, U.; Giacomelli, P.; Giordano, V.; Gonella, F.; Grandi, C.; Guaita, P.; Guerzoni, M.; Lacaprara, S.; Lippi, I.; Marcellini, S.; Marin, J.; Martinelli, R.; Maselli, S.; Meneguzzo, A.; Migliore, E.; Mocholi, J.; Monaco, V.; Montanari, A.; Montanari, C.; Odorici, F.; Oller, J.C.; Paoletti, S.; Passaseo, M.; Pegoraro, M.; Peroni, C.; Puerta, J.; Reithler, H.; Romero, A.; Romero, L.; Ronchese, P.; Rossi, A.M.; Rovelli, T.; Sacchi, R.; Salicio, J.M.; Staiano, A.; Steinbeck, T.; Torassa, E.; Travaglini, R.; Ventura, L.; Ventura, S.; Vitelli, A.; Voetee, F.; Wegner, M.; Willmott, C.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G

2002-03-21

A prototype of the CMS Barrel Muon Detector incorporating all the features of the final chambers was built using the mass production assembly procedures and tools. The performance of this prototype was studied in a muon test beam at CERN and the results obtained are presented in this paper.

Experimental study of the single electron response of the DELPHI Barrel RICH MWPC's

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dracos, M.

1989-01-01

We present herewith the results of an experimental study of the multiwire proportionnal chambers (MWPC's) used in the Barrel RICH particle identifier of the LEP-DELPHI experiment. Emphasis is given to the problem of detection efficiency and to the measurements of the charge induced by a single photoelectron

A Front-End Readout Architecture for the CMS Barrel Muon Detector: A Feasibility Study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aguayo, P.; Alberdi, J.; Barcala, J.M.; Marin, J.; Molinero, A.; Navarrete, J.; Pablos, J.L. de; Romero, L.; Willmot, C.

1995-01-01

A feasibility study of a possible architecture for the CMS barrel muon detector readout electronics is presented. some aspects of system reliability are discussed. Values for the required FIFO's to store data during the first level trigger latency are given

A techno-typological analysis of fan (tabular scrapers from Ein Zippori, Israel

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Katia Zutovski

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Fan (or tabular scrapers are a diagnostic  tool type in Chalcolithic Ghassulian and Early Bronze Age lithic assemblages from  the southern Levant. To date, only small numbers of fan scrapers have been reported from the Late Pottery Neolithic Wadi Rabah culture. In this paper we present a techno-typological analysis of a fair sample of fan scrapers and fan scrapers spalls from Wadi Rabah and Early Bronze Age layers at Ein Zippori, Lower Galilee, Israel. Techno-typological similarities and differences of Wadi Rabah, Chalcolithic Ghassulian and Early Bronze Age fan scrapers from Ein Zippori and other sites in the region are presented, trends of change along time are noted, and an updated definition is proposed. Our results indicate that fan scrapers are highly efficient tools for accurate and prolonged animal butchering and hide working. The main advantage of fan scrapers is their mostly flat, thin morphology and large size that permits the creation of several relatively long working edges, various retouched angles (from sharp to abrupt, extensive resharpening, and a comfortable grasp. While fan scrapers were products of a local trajectory in Late Pottery Neolithic Wadi Rabah lithic industries at Ein Zippori, a standardized, off-site manufacturing of fan scrapers is evident during the Early Bronze Age.

Polen: ein Jahr EU-Mitgliedschaft als Erfolgsstory

OpenAIRE

Wilkiewicz, Zbigniew

2005-01-01

Aus Anlass der einjährigen EU-Mitgliedschaft Polens zieht der Beitrag eine positive Bilanz für die Wirtschaft und das Wirtschaftswachstums des Landes und zitiert einen veröffentlichten Regierungsbericht der polnischen Regierung, dem zufolge der EU-Beitritt maßgeblich zur Festigung günstiger makroökonomischer und struktureller Tendenzen im Außenhandel, auf dem Arbeitsmarkt und in der Landwirtschaft beigetragen hat. Angesichts der sehr hohen Arbeitslosenrate, der gravierenden regionalen Asymme...

Corporate Venture Capital im Bankensektor: Eine Fallstudie

OpenAIRE

Maxin, Hannes

2015-01-01

Die Digitalisierung der Gesellschaft beeinflusst zunehmend das klassische Bankgeschäft, was durch die Erfolge vieler junger FinTech-Unternehmen verdeutlicht wird. Der damit verbundene Innovationsdruck führte dazu, dass die Commerzbank AG im Oktober 2013 die Main Incubator GmbH gründete. Mithilfe dieser Corporate Venture Capital-Gesellschaft (CVC-Gesellschaft) versucht die Frankfurter Großbank, eine Kooperation mit den neuen Wettbewerbern einzugehen, um mögliche Synergiepotenziale für das eige...

Eine wasserdurchlässige Dampfbremse als Hygrodiode

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sagelsdorff, Ralph; Rode, Carsten

1997-01-01

Hohe Feuchtigkeit unde freies Wasser in Baukonstruktionen könne zu Bauphysikalischen Problemen und Schäden führen. Vor allem während der Bauphase eingebrachchtes oder durch Risse eindringendes Wasser, das bei ungünstigen Konstruktionen nur schlecht austrocknet, wird in der Winterperiode durch Dif...... Diffusionsprozesse noch erhöht. Eine wasserdurchlässige Dampfbremse als Hygrodiode erlaubt die sichere kapillare Rückführung des Wassers zur Raumseite, wo es verdunsten kann....

Fluid-structure coupled dynamic response of PWR core barrel during LOCA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lu, M.W.; Zhang, Y.G.; Shi, F.

1991-01-01

This paper is engaged in the Fluid-Structure Interaction LOCA analysis of the core barrel of PWR. The analysis is performed by a multipurpose computer code SANES. The FSI inside the pressure vessel is treated by a FEM code including some structural and acoustic elements. The transient in the primary loop is solved by a two-phase flow code. Both codes are coupled one another. Some interesting conclusions are drawn. (author)

Implementation of Freeman-Wimley prediction algorithm in a web-based application for in silico identification of beta-barrel membrane proteins

OpenAIRE

José Antonio Agüero-Fernández; Lisandra Aguilar-Bultet; Yandy Abreu-Jorge; Agustín Lage-Castellanos; Yannier Estévez-Dieppa

2015-01-01

Beta-barrel type proteins play an important role in both, human and veterinary medicine. In particular, their localization on the bacterial surface, and their involvement in virulence mechanisms of pathogens, have turned them into an interesting target in studies to search for vaccine candidates. Recently, Freeman and Wimley developed a prediction algorithm based on the physicochemical properties of transmembrane beta-barrels proteins (TMBBs). Based on that algorithm, and using Grails, a web-...

Lower Lip Reconstruction after Wide Excision of a Malignancy with Barrel-Shaped Excision or the Webster Modification of the Bernard Operation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hyung Joon Seo

2013-01-01

Full Text Available BackgroundBecause there are numerous methods for reconstruction of the lower lip, it is not easy to choose the optimal method. In choosing the surgical method for lower lip reconstruction, we obtained acceptable outcomes based on our treatment strategy, which included either a barrel-shaped excision or the Webster modification of the Bernard operation. We report on the surgical outcomes based on our treatment strategy.MethodsThis study included 26 patients who underwent lower lip reconstructive surgery from September 1996 to September 2010. The operation was done using either a barrel-shaped excision or the Webster modification, considering the location of the defect, the size of the defect, and the amount of residual tissue on the lateral side of the vermilion after excision.ResultsIn our series, 3 patients underwent a single barrel-shaped excision, and nine patients underwent a double barrel-shaped excision. In addition, the unilateral Webster modification was performed on in 6 patients, and there were eight cases of bilateral Webster modification. All of the patients except one were satisfied with the postoperative shape of the lip. In one case both recurrence and dehiscence occurred. One patient had a good postoperative lip shape, but had difficulty wearing a denture, and also underwent commissuroplasty. Furthermore, there were two patients who complained of drooling, and 4 with paresthesia.ConclusionsA soft tissue defect resulting from wide excision of a lower lip malignancy can be successfully reconstructed using only one of two surgical methods: the barrel-shaped excision or the Webster modification of the Bernard operation.

Rezension zu: Uta Fenske: Mannsbilder. Eine geschlechterhistorische Betrachtung von Hollywoodfilmen 1946–1960. Bielefeld: transcript Verlag 2008.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Asokan Nirmalarajah

2009-10-01

Full Text Available Uta Fenske beschäftigt sich in ihrer Dissertation mit den Männlichkeitsentwürfen des klassischen Hollywoodfilms der 1950er Jahre. Die Historikerin blickt damit zurück in eine Ära US-amerikanischer Geschichte, in der soziokulturelle Umbrüche zu einer Erschütterung tradierter Männlichkeitsbilder, zu einem Krisendiskurs über den modernen Mann führten. Fenskes kulturwissenschaftliche Studie kann sich dabei aus zweierlei Sicht profilieren. Zum einen erweitert sie mit der unorthodoxen Wahl ihres Untersuchungsgegenstandes das geschichtswissenschaftliche Quellenkorpus. Zum anderen kann sie durch ihren Rekurs auf eine Vielzahl von Genres zeigen, dass die Hollywoodfilme der 1950er eine größere Fülle an Antworten auf die Krise anbieten als gemeinhin angenommen.

Synaptic molecular imaging in spared and deprived columns of mouse barrel cortex with array tomography.

Science.gov (United States)

Weiler, Nicholas C; Collman, Forrest; Vogelstein, Joshua T; Burns, Randal; Smith, Stephen J

2014-01-01

A major question in neuroscience is how diverse subsets of synaptic connections in neural circuits are affected by experience dependent plasticity to form the basis for behavioral learning and memory. Differences in protein expression patterns at individual synapses could constitute a key to understanding both synaptic diversity and the effects of plasticity at different synapse populations. Our approach to this question leverages the immunohistochemical multiplexing capability of array tomography (ATomo) and the columnar organization of mouse barrel cortex to create a dataset comprising high resolution volumetric images of spared and deprived cortical whisker barrels stained for over a dozen synaptic molecules each. These dataset has been made available through the Open Connectome Project for interactive online viewing, and may also be downloaded for offline analysis using web, Matlab, and other interfaces.

Overview of the Factors Music Making in Tamhidat by Ein al-Ghozat Hamedani

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fatemeh Modarresi

2013-10-01

Full Text Available Abstract Figures of speech in addition to their aesthetic functions have different effects on words. Internal music is one of the  effects of figures of speech  which can play an important role in beautifying the word and its effect on the audience. The internal music comes with the use of verbal figures of speech. Figures that make words related by similarity or uniformity of vowels and consonants and create sensible  alliteration. Categories of palilogy, alliteration, parallelism, pun and riming prose are among the figures of speech  that play a major role in creating internal  music of the poem. In this study, with a descriptive-analytical approach, we discuss the roll of music making factors in  Tamhidat as an example of prose poem. The language of Ein ol-Ghozat in Tamhidat is preachy and didactical and in an addressing mode. Despite the intensity and sharpness of his speech, he speaks simple language with his audience. However, his words are in some cases melodious that influences audience and increases its penetration in the listener. The music of his words is natural so the listener can feel it with his spirit and takes its effect. Well syntagmatic arrangement of words is one of his language features that is based on music and phonemes' melody. This music gives words importance and predominance and makes Tamhida's  prose a kind of prose poem. Applying some of the subtle and tiny musical elements such as parallelism (paronomasia /pun makes the music of book more effective and catching. In other words, harmony of sounds and synchronization through which prose becomes rhythmic and melodious is one of the aesthetic aspects of the mystical prose of Ein ol-Ghozat that arises from his word's music and special intonation, so as human nature accepts it and enjoys reading. This word music is found in the form of alliteration, pun, repetition, and meter in important parts of his speech that sometimes becomes close to

A time projection chamber for the crystal barrel experiment at ELSA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schaab, Dimitri; Ball, Markus; Beck, Reinhard; Ketzer, Bernhard [HISKP, Bonn University (Germany); Collaboration: CBELSA/TAPS-Collaboration

2015-07-01

The CBELSA/TAPS experiment focuses on baryon spectroscopy by photoproduction processes off nucleons. For this purpose the experiment consists of an inner detector and an outer detector. The outer Crystal Barrel detector mainly measures photons from the decaying resonance. For charged particle identification and in order to obtain their direction, the Inner Detector consists of three layers of scintillating fibers. This inner detector will be replaced by a Time Projection Chamber (TPC). It offers improved track reconstruction capabilities, a robust pattern recognition and, if operated in a magnetic field, an excellent momentum resolution. Moreover, one obtains a particle identification of charged particles via the specific energy loss. A TPC has been developed for the FOPI experiment which also fits to the Crystal Barrel dimensions. It operates in continuous mode using Gas Electron Multipliers (GEM) as pre-amplification stage. For the TPC detector the calibration of the detector is crucial since parameters such as drift velocity or field inhomogenities have a direct impact on the detector performance. For the CBELSA TPC a calibration system is planned, which is based on the T2K calibration system. Here, the photoelectric effect is used to release electrons at well-known positions on the cathode, which drift towards the readout plane and show the integrated spatial distortions.

Performance of the SLD Barrel CRID during the 1992 physics data run

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abe, K.; Hasegawa, K.; Hasegawa, Y.; Iwasaki, Y.; Suekane, F.; Toge, N.; Yuta, H.; Baird, K.; Jacques, P.; Kalelkar, M.; Plano, R.; Stamer, P.; Word, G.; Bean, A.; Caldwell, D.O.; Duboscq, J.; Huber, J.; Lu, A.; Mathys, L.; McHugh, S.; Yellin, S.; Ben-David, R.; Manly, S.; Snyder, J.; Turk, J.; Cavalli-Sforza, M.; Colye, P.; Coyne, D.; Liu, X.; Williams, D.A.; Coller, J.; Shank, J.T.; Whitaker, J.S.; d'Oliveira, A.; Johnson, R.A.; Martinez, J.; Meadows, B.; Nussbaum, M.; Santha, A.K.S.; Sokoloff, M.D.; Stockdale, I.; Wilson, R.J.

1992-11-01

The SLD Barrel Cherenkov Ring Imaging Detector was fully operational in the 1992 physics data run. The electron drift velocity and magnetic field deflection of electron trajectories have been measured. Cherenkov rings have been observed from both the liquid and gas radiators. The number and the resolution of the angle of Cherenkov photons have been measured to be approximately equal to design specifications

Safety audits/Verkehrssicherheitsaudits : ein vielsprechendes Instrument zur Förderung der Verkehrssicherheit ?

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Wegman, F.C.M. & Schagen, I.N.L.G. van

1998-01-01

Das Instrument `Verkehrssicherheitsaudit' (`Audits') hat zum Zweck die infrastrukturellen Bedingungen für Verkehrssicherheit bereits während der Entwurf- und Realisierungsphase der Verkehrsinfrastruktur einzubauen. Dieser Bericht gibt ein Übersicht der Tragweite des Audits. Ausserdem werden

Biomechanisch-kinemetrische Bewegungsanalyse und Ansätze zur Bewegungssteuerung für ein Training im Wellenreiten

OpenAIRE

Matschkur, Tina

2008-01-01

Neben der biomechanisch-kinemetrischen Bewegungsanalyse einzelner ausgewählter Techniken im Wellenreiten beschäftigt sich diese Dissertation auch ansatzweise im Rahmen einer elektromyographischen Fallstudie mit der muskulären Koordination bei der Bewegungsausführung im Surfen, um daraus Schlussfolgerungen für das Training im Wellenreiten treffen zu können. Ein geschichtlicher und wissenschaftlicher Überblick über das Wellenreiten leitet das Thema ein und macht somit auf die besondere Ausgangs...

Ein kurzer Überblick über die Geschichte der Fledermausforschung

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Eisentraut, M.

1970-01-01

Es ist das hohe Verdienst unserer Kollegen aus der CSSR, den Anstoss zu einem Zusammentreffen und einer engeren Zusammenarbeit der Chiropteren-Forscher aus aller Welt gegeben zu haben. Sie ergriffen, wie Sie wissen, die Initiative und luden 1968 zu der ersten internationalen Tagung in ihr Land ein.

33 CFR 135.103 - Levy and payment of barrel fee on OCS oil.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE POLLUTION FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND COMPENSATION OFFSHORE OIL POLLUTION COMPENSATION FUND Levy of Fees § 135.103 Levy and payment of barrel fee on OCS oil. (a) A fee of $.03 per... paragraph (a) of this section applies whenever the unobligated Fund balance is less than $200,000,000. (d...

Ein LED-Band basiertes, integratives Interaktionskonzept für unterschiedliche Fahrerassistenz- und Automationsfunktionen – Realisierung und Evaluationsergebnisse

OpenAIRE

Dziennus, Marc; Kelsch, Johann; Schieben, Anna

2016-01-01

Ein zentrales Element moderner Fahrzeuge besteht in einer optimalen Unterstützung des Fahrers bei Ausführung der Fahraufgabe, der frühzeitigen Kommunikation kritischer Situationen oder dem Eingriff in die Fahrzeugführung in Notfallsituation sowie der Bereitstellung von unterschiedlich starker Unterstützung durch eine Fahrzeugautomation. Hierfür müssen unterschiedlichste Assistenz- und Automatisierungsfunktionen, die jeweils einen spezifischen Teilbereich abdecken (Spurverlassenswarnung, Toter...

Mechanical design and material budget of the CMS barrel pixel detector

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Amsler, C; Boesiger, K; Chiochia, V; Maier, R; Meyer, Hp; Robmann, P; Scherr, S; Schmidt, A; Steiner, S [Universitaet Zuerich, Physik-Institut, Winterthurerstr. 190, CH-8057 Zuerich (Switzerland); Erdmann, W; Gabathuler, K; Horisberger, R; Koenig, S; Kotlinski, D; Meier, B; Streuli, S [Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen (Switzerland); Rizzi, A [ETH Zuerich, Institute for Particle Physics, CH-8093 Zuerich (Switzerland)], E-mail: Alexander.Schmidt@cern.ch

2009-05-15

The Compact Muon Solenoid experiment at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN includes a silicon pixel detector as its innermost component. Its main task is the precise reconstruction of charged particles close to the primary interaction vertex. This paper gives an overview of the mechanical requirements and design choices for the barrel pixel detector. The distribution of material in the detector as well as its description in the Monte Carlo simulation are discussed in detail.

Mechanical Design and Material Budget of the CMS Barrel Pixel Detector

CERN Document Server

Amsler, C; Chiochia, V; Erdmann, W; Gabathuler, K; Horisberger, R; König, S; Kotlinski, D; Maier, R; Meyer, H; Meier, B; Meyer, Hp; Rizzi, A; Robmann, P; Scherr, S; Schmidt, A; Steiner, S; Erdmann, W; Gabathuler, K; Horisberger, R; König, S; Kotlinski, D; Meier, B; Streuli, S; Rizzi, A

2009-01-01

The Compact Muon Solenoid experiment at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN includes a silicon pixel detector as its innermost component. Its main task is the precise reconstruction of charged particles close to the primary interaction vertex. This paper gives an overview of the mechanical requirements and design choices for the barrel pixel detector. The distribution of material in the detector as well as its description in the Monte Carlo simulation are discussed in detail.

Ein wellenbasiertes stochastisches Modell zur Vorhersage der Erdbebenlast

OpenAIRE

Bretschneider, Jörg

2007-01-01

Starke Erdbeben stellen weltweit ein hohes Risiko für urbane Zentren dar, dem unter anderem durch Methoden der aseismischen Bauwerksbemessung begegnet wird. Grundlage hierfür bilden Annahmen und Erfahrungswissen über die lokale seismische Bodenbeschleunigung, Grenzen sind hingegen durch die zusätzlichen Kosten gesetzt. Die Schadensbilanz der Starkbeben der letzten Jahre, auch in den Industrieländern, verdeutlicht die Notwendigkeit, die Konzepte und Methoden des erdbebensicheren Bauens weiter ...

Entwicklungstrends bei landwirtschaftlichen Applikationen - ein Zwischenfazit

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Christa Hoffmann

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Globalisierung, volatile Märkte und der vermehrte Rückzug der Agrarpolitik aus der Marktregulierung sorgen dafür, dass die Entscheidungsfindungsprozesse auf landwirtschaftlichen Betrieben an Komplexität zunehmen. Applikationen bieten durch ihre Mobilität und individuellen Ausgestaltungsmöglichkeiten Optionen, um den Landwirt bei seiner täglichen Arbeit zu unterstützen. In diesem Kontext nimmt diese Arbeit eine Bestandsaufnahme und Kategorisierung nativer Applikationen mit landwirtschaftlichem Bezug vor. Die Ergebnisse zeigen unter anderem einen Angebotsschwerpunkt im Produktionszweig Pflanzenbau und bei den Funktionen bestimmte häufig auftretende bedarfsbedingte Kombinationen (z. B. Planung und Analyse.

Die Leben Einsteins eine Reise durch die Geschichte der Physik

CERN Document Server

Fiami

2005-01-01

Jeder kennt die Namen Einstein, Newton oder Galilei. aber was weiss man über sie? Hier ein Porträt Einsteins anhand von sechs Meilensteinen aus der Geschichte der Physik. Einstein tritt auf als Protagonist in verschiedenen Epochen und bei verschiedenen Entdeckungen, die die Welt verändert haben.

MaxControl : ein objektorientiertes Werkzeug zur automatischen Erstellung von 3D-Computeranimationsfilmen und dessen Integration in eine professionelle 3D-Animationssoftware

OpenAIRE

Paul, Jan

2008-01-01

Durch die wachsende Computerleistung können 3D-Computeranimationen sehr komplexe Szenen mit ebenso komplexen zeitlichen Abläufen animiert darstellen. Jedoch ist neben der Erstellung einer komplexen Szene auch deren Animation entsprechend aufwendig, wenn keine Automatisierungen genutzt werden können. Das in dieser Arbeit entwickelte Werkzeug MaxControl ist ein System zur automatischen Animation von nicht-interaktiven 3D-Animationsfilmen. Dies wird durch die Simulation von Verhaltensweisen erre...

TEM study of radiation induced defects in baffle-former-barrel assembly from decommissioned NPP Greifswald

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Srba, O.; Michalicka, J.; Keilova, E.; Kocik, K.

2013-06-01

A complex transmission electron microscopy (TEM) study of reactor vessel internal (RVI) materials from the baffle-former-barrel assembly from NPP Greifswald (VVER 440), Unit 1 decommissioned after 15 service cycles has been undertaken. All parts of the baffle-former-barrel assembly are made from Ti-stabilized austenitic stainless steel 08Ch18N10T. The materials were exposed to different dose of neutron radiation (2.4 - 11.4 dpa) at temperatures 267 - 398 deg. C depending on position in the core. Three types of radiation induced defects were identified and quantified, namely: dislocations, cavities (voids) and fine-scaled precipitated particles of Ni-Si rich phases. Black-dot type defects were observed too. Operation conditions are around ≅ 300 deg. C that is why we have observed defect typical for both low and high regions of irradiation temperatures. (authors)

Carbon dioxide digital subtraction angiography using a new gas management system; Digitale Subtraktionsangiographie mit Kohlendioxid unter Verwendung eines neuen Gasdosiersystems

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schmitz-Rode, T.; Alzen, G.; Guenther, R.W. [Klinik fuer Radiologische Diagnostik, Universitaetsklinikum der RWTH Aachen (Germany)

1997-07-01

Purpose: The clinical evaluation of digital subtraction angiography with carbon dioxide using a newly developed low-tech CO{sub 2}-dosage- and injection system. Method and patients: The hand-held system (CO{sub 2} angio set) consists of a dosage chamber in connection with a special stopcock to apportion the gas. By optimising injection volume and pressure steady gas flow characteristics are approximated. A safety design prevents unintentional gas injection volume and pressure steady gas flow characteristics are approximated. A safety design prevents unintentional gas injection. CO{sub 2} arteriographies were performed on 185 patients. Main indications were renal insufficiency and a history of adverse reactions to iodinated contrast media. In patients with femoral connula access, catheterless reflux angiography was performed. Results: The injection system provided complete and coherent visualisation of the abdominal aorta, visceral, pelvic, and lower limb arteries via catheter (71 cases) or via femoral cannula using reflux technique (114 cases). Stenoses, occlusions, and collaterals were assessable. Employing the gas reflux over the aortic bifurcation bilateral run-off studies up to the calf trifurcation were performed via unilateral femoral cannula. Use of a dedicated stacking software improved image quality of distal femoral, popliteal and calf arteries. Conclusion: The CO{sub 2} management system allows adequate imaging of the arteries below the diaphragm. Ease and safety of use and low costs are advantageous. (orig.) [Deutsch] Ziel: Die klinische Erprobung der digitalen Subtraktionsangiographie mit Kohlendioxid unter Verwendung eines neuentwickelten, einfachen Gasdosier- und Injektionssystems. Methode und Patienten: Eine Dosierkammer mit einstellbarem Volumen in Verbindung mit einem Spezial-Hahn (CO{sub 2}-Angio-Set) portioniert das Gas. Durch Optimierung von Injektionsvolumen und -druck wurde eine konstante Ausstroemcharakteristik angenaehert. Das System wurde

Design, performance, and calibration of CMS hadron-barrel calorimeter wedges

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abdullin, S.; Abramov, V.; Goncharov, P.; Khmelnikov, A.; Korablev, A.; Korneev, Y.; Krinitsyn, A.; Kryshkin, V.; Lukanin, V.; Pikalov, V.; Ryazanov, A.; Talov, V.; Turchanovich, L.; Volkov, A.; Acharya, B.; Banerjee, S.; Banerjee, S.; Chendvankar, S.; Dugad, S.; Kalmani, S.; Katta, S.; Mazumdar, K.; Mondal, N.; Nagaraj, P.; Patil, M.; Reddy, L.; Satyanarayana, B.; Sudhakar, K.; Verma, P.; Adams, M.; Burchesky, K.; Qian, W.; Akchurin, N.; Carrell, K.; Guemues, K.; Thomas, R.; Akgun, U.; Ayan, S.; Duru, F.; Merlo, J.P.; Mestvirishvili, A.; Miller, M.; Norbeck, E.; Olson, J.; Onel, Y.; Schmidt, I.; Anderson, E.W.; Hauptman, J.; Antchev, G.; Hazen, E.; Lawlor, C.; Machado, E.; Posch, C.; Rohlf, J.; Wu, S.X.; Aydin, S.; Dumanoglu, I.; Eskut, E.; Kayis-Topaksu, A.; Polatoz, A.; Onengut, G.; Ozdes-Koca, N.; Baarmand, M.; Ralich, R.; Vodopiyanov, I.; Baden, D.; Bard, R.; Eno, S.; Grassi, T.; Jarvis, C.; Kellogg, R.; Kunori, S.; Skuja, A.; Barnes, V.; Laasanen, A.; Pompos, A.; Bawa, H.; Beri, S.; Bhatnagar, V.; Kaur, M.; Kohli, J.; Kumar, A.; Singh, J.; Baiatian, G.; Sirunyan, A.; Bencze, G.; Vesztergombi, G.; Zalan, P.; Bodek, A.; Budd, H.; Chung, Y.; De Barbaro, P.; Haelen, T.; Camporesi, T.; Visser, T. de; Cankocak, K.; Cremaldi, L.; Reidy, J.; Sanders, D.A.; Cushman, P.; Sherwood, B.; Damgov, J.; Dimitrov, L.; Genchev, V.; Piperov, S.; Vankov, I.; Demianov, A.; Ershov, A.; Gribushin, A.; Kodolova, O.; Petrushanko, S.; Sarycheva, L.; Vardanyan, I.; Elias, J.; Elvira, D.; Freeman, J.; Green, D.; Los, S.; O'Dell, V.; Ronzhin, A.; Sergeyev, S.; Suzuki, I.; Vidal, R.; Whitmore, J.; Emeliantchik, I.; Massolov, V.; Shumeiko, N.; Stefanovich, R.; Fisher, W.; Tully, C.; Gavrilov, V.; Kaftanov, V.; Kisselevich, I.; Kolossov, V.; Krokhotin, A.; Kuleshov, S.; Stolin, V.; Ulyanov, A.; Gershtein, Y.; Golutvin, I.; Kalagin, V.; Kosarev, I.; Mescheryakov, G.; Smirnov, V.; Volodko, A.; Zarubin, A.; Grinev, B.; Lubinsky, V.; Senchishin, V.; Guelmez, E.; Hagopian, S.; Hagopian, V.; Johnson, K.; Heering, A.; Imboden, M.; Isiksal, E.; Karmgard, D.; Ruchti, R.; Kaya, M.; Lazic, D.; Levchuk, L.; Sorokin, P.; Litvintsev, D.; Litov, L.; Mans, J.; Ozkorucuklu, S.; Ozok, F.; Serin-Zeyrek, M.; Sever, R.; Zeyrek, M.; Paktinat, S.; Podrasky, V.; Sanzeni, C.; Winn, D.; Vlassov, E.

2008-01-01

Extensive measurements have been made with pions, electrons and muons on four production wedges of the compact muon solenoid (CMS) hadron barrel (HB) calorimeter in the H2 beam line at CERN with particle momenta varying from 20 to 300 GeV/c. The time structure of the events was measured with the full chain of preproduction front-end electronics running at 34 MHz. Moving-wire radioactive source data were also collected for all scintillator layers in the HB. The energy dependent time slewing effect was measured and tuned for optimal performance. (orig.)

Design, performance, and calibration of CMS hadron-barrel calorimeter wedges

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Abdullin, S. [Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL (United States)]|[Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States); Abramov, V.; Goncharov, P.; Khmelnikov, A.; Korablev, A.; Korneev, Y.; Krinitsyn, A.; Kryshkin, V.; Lukanin, V.; Pikalov, V.; Ryazanov, A.; Talov, V.; Turchanovich, L.; Volkov, A. [IHEP, Protvino (Russian Federation); Acharya, B.; Banerjee, S.; Banerjee, S.; Chendvankar, S.; Dugad, S.; Kalmani, S.; Katta, S.; Mazumdar, K.; Mondal, N.; Nagaraj, P.; Patil, M.; Reddy, L.; Satyanarayana, B.; Sudhakar, K.; Verma, P. [Tata Inst. of Fundamental Research, Mumbai (India); Adams, M.; Burchesky, K.; Qian, W. [Univ. of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (United States); Akchurin, N.; Carrell, K.; Guemues, K.; Thomas, R. [Texas Tech Univ., Dept. of Physics, Lubbock, TX (United States); Akgun, U.; Ayan, S.; Duru, F.; Merlo, J.P.; Mestvirishvili, A.; Miller, M.; Norbeck, E.; Olson, J.; Onel, Y.; Schmidt, I. [Univ. of Iowa, Iowa City, IA (United States); Anderson, E.W.; Hauptman, J. [Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (United States); Antchev, G.; Hazen, E.; Lawlor, C.; Machado, E.; Posch, C.; Rohlf, J.; Wu, S.X. [Boston Univ., Boston, MA (United States); Aydin, S.; Dumanoglu, I.; Eskut, E.; Kayis-Topaksu, A.; Polatoz, A.; Onengut, G.; Ozdes-Koca, N. [Cukurova Univ., Adana (Turkey); Baarmand, M.; Ralich, R.; Vodopiyanov, I. [Florida Inst. of Technology, Melbourne, FL (United States); Baden, D.; Bard, R.; Eno, S.; Grassi, T.; Jarvis, C.; Kellogg, R.; Kunori, S.; Skuja, A. [Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States); Barnes, V.; Laasanen, A.; Pompos, A. [Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States); Bawa, H.; Beri, S.; Bhatnagar, V.; Kaur, M.; Kohli, J.; Kumar, A.; Singh, J. [Panjab Univ., Chandigarh (India); Baiatian, G.; Sirunyan, A. [Yerevan Physics Inst., Yerevan (Armenia); Bencze, G.; Vesztergombi, G.; Zalan, P. [KFKI-RMKI, Research Inst. for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Budapest (Hungary)] [and others

2008-05-15

Extensive measurements have been made with pions, electrons and muons on four production wedges of the compact muon solenoid (CMS) hadron barrel (HB) calorimeter in the H2 beam line at CERN with particle momenta varying from 20 to 300 GeV/c. The time structure of the events was measured with the full chain of preproduction front-end electronics running at 34 MHz. Moving-wire radioactive source data were also collected for all scintillator layers in the HB. The energy dependent time slewing effect was measured and tuned for optimal performance. (orig.)

Jaguar und Wildschwein, eine Fabel für Menschen oder: Der Aufstieg des Jaguars zum Himmel, ein Karriereleitfaden für Wissenschaftler

OpenAIRE

Münzel, Mark

2017-01-01

Der sog. „Indianische Perspektivismus“ (Perspectivismo Ameríndio) stellt einen Versuch dar, europäische Philosophie, nicht zuletzt die Machtphantasien eines faschistoid verstandenen Nietzsche, südamerikanischen Schamanen anzulasten. Das erzähle ich in Form einer Tierparabel, die den Stil südamerikanischer indianischer Tierparabeln nachahmt, dabei aber den Schematismus des Strukturalismus und des Perspektivismus karikiert. The so-called „Amerindian Perspectivism“ (Perspectivi...

Plain film emergency radiology of child abuse: a strategy; Die akute Roentgendiagnostik der Kindesmisshandlung: Eine Strategie

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Oestreich, A.E. [Children`s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati OH (United States). Dept. of Radiology

1998-04-01

A strategy is proposed for the dedicated interpretation of possible radiographic plain film signs that are suspicious for indicating child abuse. For each sign, the features `PRO` raise the question of abuse, while radiographic or clinical findings `CON` suggest an alternate explanation. Birth trauma, oesteogenesis imperfecta, rescue trauma, and metastatic neuroblastoma are among the many entities cited. A triad of situations may lead a radiologist to look systematically for changes from abuse; a triad of resolutions may result from the search. Periosteal reaction is the major factor in dating of fractures; physiologic periosteal reaction of infancy and periosteal reaction from previous fracture must be considered when so dating fractures. (orig.) [Deutsch] Es wird eine Strategie fuer die genaue Interpretation roentgenologischer Befunde, die auf eine Kindesmisshandlung hindeuten koennen, vorgeschlagen. Fuer jeden Befund werfen die unter `PRO` aufgefuehrten Merkmale die Frage nach einer Kindesmisshandlung auf, waehrend radiologische und klinische Befunde unter `CON` andere Erklaerungen nahelegen. Geburtstrauma, Osteogenesis imperfecta, Rettungstrauma und metastasierendes Neuroblastom sind unter den vielen zitierten Differentialdiagnosen. Drei moegliche Situationen koennen den Radiologen dazu veranlassen, systematisch nach Zeichen einer Kindesmisshandlung zu suchen, 3 moegliche Loesungen koennen aus dieser Suche hervorgehen. Eine Periostreaktion ist ein Kardinalbefund zur Datierung von Frakturen. Physiologische Periostreaktionen im fruehen Kindesalter und Periostreaktionen durch fruehere Frakturen muessen bei einer solchen Datierung von Frakturen mitbedacht werden. (orig.)

Hybridization and control of a mobile direct methanol fuel cell system; Hybridisierung und Regelung eines mobilen Direktmethanol-Brennstoffzellen-Systems

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wilhelm, Joerg Christoph

2010-07-01

for the dimensioning of the fuel cell as well as of the energy storage unit. Variation of parameters results in a minimum required fuel cell power of 1.3 kW as well as a minimum energy density of 66 Wh/l or a minimum power density of 355 W/l for the energy storage unit, respectively. The high energy density required and the fact that the energy storage unit must always be operated at a partial state of charge leads to faster aging, particularly of lead-acid batteries, so that a lithium battery is eventually chosen as an energy storage unit. (orig.) [German] Direktmethanol-Brennstoffzellen (DMFCs) zeichnen sich dadurch aus, dass sie die chemische Energie des fluessig zugefuehrten Brennstoffs Methanol direkt in elektrische Energie umwandeln. Methanol hat eine hohe Energiedichte und laesst sich vergleichsweise einfach speichern. Aufgrund dieser Vorteile eignen sich Direktmethanol-Brennstoffzellen- Systeme z. B. als Batterieersatz fuer den Bereich leichte Traktion in der kW-Klasse. Da das Nachtanken im Vergleich zum Laden einer Batterie viel schneller realisierbar ist, folgt hieraus ein nahezu unterbrechungsfreier Betrieb. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es daher ein Direktmethanol-Brennstoffzellen-System fuer den Bereich leichte Traktion zu entwickeln. Die systemtechnische Entwicklung und Charakterisierung eines mobilen Direktmethanol-Brennstoffzellen-Systems erfolgt zuerst allgemein und anschliessend angewandt auf das Beispiel Horizontalkommissionierer aus der Klasse der Flurfoerderfahrzeuge. Hierfuer soll sowohl ein Hybridisierungs- als auch ein Regelungskonzept entwickelt werden. Die gewaehlte Vorgehensweise gliedert sich in die Charakterisierung der Anwendung, die theoretische Konzeptentwicklung und eine abschliessende Systemanalyse mithilfe von Untersuchungen am Teststand und Simulationen. Aus der Charakterisierung folgt der charakteristische Fahrzyklus der Anwendung. Die Eckdaten, wie maximale Peakleistungen beim Beschleunigen und Bremsen sowie die

Evaluation eines Trainings in Narrativer Expositionstherapie in Kolumbien

OpenAIRE

Schart, Christian

2014-01-01

In dieser Studie wurde untersucht, ob durch ein zehntägiges Training in Kolumbien den teilnehmenden Psychologen und Psychologinnen die nötigen Kenntnisse und Fertigkeiten der Traumatherapie Narrative Expositionstherapie (NET) vermittelt werden können, damit diese die Therapie effektiv durchführen können.Insgesamt nahmen 29 Psychologinnen und Psychologen an dem Training teil, wobei 25 Personen anschließend als Therapeuten und Therapeutinnen und 4 Personen in der Leitung des Reintegrationsprogr...

Deformation of cylindrical vessel and the effect of barrel on deformation under inpulsive pressure of high explosive

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Iikura, Shoichi; Yashizawa, Hiroyasu; Sasanuma, Katsumi.

1982-01-01

According to the research performed so far, the result that the amount of deformation due to impulsive pressure was able to be evaluated by the impulse of impulsive pressure waves has been obtained. The analysis treating impulsive pressure waves as plane waves has been made frequently, but the analysis in which impulsive pressure waves must be treated as spherical waves, or the analysis of a vessel with a barrel (internal cylinder) is complex and difficult. In this report, the results of element test, which was carried out in the Oita Works, Asahi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., in 1973 by the Power Reactor and Nuclear Fuel Development Corp. as the impact resistance test for fast breeder reactors, are rearranged and investigated. The specimens were the cylindrical vessels with upper and lower flanges, and 10 vessels and 9 kinds of barrels were made. Water was used as the pressure medium. The residual deformation and dynamic strain of the vessels and the wave form of pressure waves were measured. The deformation of cylindrical vessels subjected to the impulsive pressure from a point pressure source was able to be evaluated by the impulse distribution in normal direction. The maximum amount of deformation depended on the total plate thickness of barrels. (Kako, I.)

Reversible man-in-the-barrel syndrome in myasthenia gravis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Poornima A Shah

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Man-in-the-barrel syndrome (MBS is an uncommon presentation due to bilateral, predominantly proximal muscle weakness that has not been described to be associated with myasthenia gravis. We describe a case of myasthenia gravis presenting as MBS. Additionally, he had significant wasting of the deltoids bilaterally with fibrillations on electromyography (EMG at rest and brief duration (3-6 ms bi/triphasic motor unit potentials (MUPs on submaximal effort apart from a decremental response on repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS at 2 Hz. While electrophysiology is an important tool in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis, pathological EMG patterns do not exclude the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis.

Reversible man-in-the-barrel syndrome in myasthenia gravis

Science.gov (United States)

Shah, Poornima A; Wadia, Pettarusp Murzban

2016-01-01

Man-in-the-barrel syndrome (MBS) is an uncommon presentation due to bilateral, predominantly proximal muscle weakness that has not been described to be associated with myasthenia gravis. We describe a case of myasthenia gravis presenting as MBS. Additionally, he had significant wasting of the deltoids bilaterally with fibrillations on electromyography (EMG) at rest and brief duration (3-6 ms) bi/triphasic motor unit potentials (MUPs) on submaximal effort apart from a decremental response on repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS) at 2 Hz. While electrophysiology is an important tool in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis, pathological EMG patterns do not exclude the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. PMID:27011638

Quantenmechanik verstehen eine Einführung in den Welle-Teilchen-Dualismus für Lehrer und Studierende

CERN Document Server

Pietschmann, Herbert

2003-01-01

Der bekannte Autor H. Pietschmann wendet sich mit diesem Buch an Physiklehrer an höheren Schulen und an Physikstudenten im Anschluß an deren Grundausbildung. Quantenmechanik entzieht sich der Anschaulichkeit, wie wir sie von der klassischen Physik her kennen, aber - und das ist das Kernthema des Buchs - man kann sie sehr wohl verstehen. H. Pietschmann gelingt es, dies mit einfachen Mitteln zu erreichen, und damit gibt er Lehrerinnen und Lehrern eine Unterrichtshilfe und Studenten eine Einführung in die anspruchsvollen Hochschultexte an die Hand. Die mathematische Behandlung spielt keine zentrale Rolle, vielmehr wird versucht, der Interpretation und dem Denken in quantenmechanischen Kategorien breiten Raum zu geben. Behandelt werden z.B. die Quantenhypothese unter Einbeziehung der Geschichte dieses Konzepts, die Schrödingertheorie, die Interpretation der Wellenfunktion und der Messprozess, die Ein- und Mehrelektronenatome sowie Fragen der Zeitabhängigkeit.

Mathematical Modeling of Heat Friction Contact Master Belt with the Gun Mount Barrel During the Process of High-Speed Motion

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zezulinsky Jaroslav

2016-01-01

Full Text Available The friction in the gun mount barrel at sliding speeds of artillery projectile 500 - 700 m/s is not sufficiently studied. The main problem is to increase the efficiency of the master belt with a significant increase of the interaction parameters of the barrel with the projectile. To determine the effect of heating on the change of physical and mechanical properties of the surface layer and friction coefficient on the surface of the master belt were made mathematical modeling of heat transfer.

Validation of Point Clouds Segmentation Algorithms Through Their Application to Several Case Studies for Indoor Building Modelling

Science.gov (United States)

Macher, H.; Landes, T.; Grussenmeyer, P.

2016-06-01

Laser scanners are widely used for the modelling of existing buildings and particularly in the creation process of as-built BIM (Building Information Modelling). However, the generation of as-built BIM from point clouds involves mainly manual steps and it is consequently time consuming and error-prone. Along the path to automation, a three steps segmentation approach has been developed. This approach is composed of two phases: a segmentation into sub-spaces namely floors and rooms and a plane segmentation combined with the identification of building elements. In order to assess and validate the developed approach, different case studies are considered. Indeed, it is essential to apply algorithms to several datasets and not to develop algorithms with a unique dataset which could influence the development with its particularities. Indoor point clouds of different types of buildings will be used as input for the developed algorithms, going from an individual house of almost one hundred square meters to larger buildings of several thousand square meters. Datasets provide various space configurations and present numerous different occluding objects as for example desks, computer equipments, home furnishings and even wine barrels. For each dataset, the results will be illustrated. The analysis of the results will provide an insight into the transferability of the developed approach for the indoor modelling of several types of buildings.

Der Einfluß der Ablauforganisation auf die Effizienz von Entscheidungen: Eine empirische Untersuchung am Beispiel von Bilanzanalysen

OpenAIRE

Gemünden, Hans Georg

1987-01-01

Der vorliegende Beitrag widmet sich einem in der Organisationstheorie stark vernachlässigten Problem: der Ablauforganisation von Entscheidungen. Am Beispiel von Bilanzanalysen wird empirisch geprüft, in welcher Weise eine Gliederung des Prozesses nach Verrichtungen oder Objekten die Qualität der Analyse beeinflußt. Hierzu wird ein validiertes Konzept zur Messung der Qualität von Bilanzanalysen entwickelt. Es wird gezeigt, wie man mittels prozeßbegleitender experimenteller Organisationsforschu...

Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Nutzerintegration in der Produktentwicklung:Eine Systematik zur Anpassung von Methoden zur Nutzerintegration

OpenAIRE

Reinicke, Tamara

2004-01-01

Die Entwicklung nutzerfreundlicher Produkte wird heutzutage oft gefordert. Dabei werden vor allem ergonomische Aspekte in den Vordergrund gerückt. Doch wie kann man, abgesehen von den präzisen ergonomischen Richtlinien und Regeln ein Produkt an die Bedürfnisse der Nutzer anpassen? Wie sehen die Bedürfnisse der Nutzer aus? Durch die in dieser Arbeit vorgestellt Nutzerintegrationsmethodik, wird ein Weg aufgezeigt, auf systematische Weise nutzerfreundliche Produkte zu entwickeln. Die wichtigste ...

Simulator to evaluate and optimise driver assistance systems; Ein Simulator zur Bewertung und Optimierung von Fahrerassistenzsystemen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Locher, J. [Hella KG Hueck and Co., Paderborn (Germany); Kleinkes, M. [Hella KG Hueck and Co., Lippstadt (Germany)

2003-07-01

For a short time now, the L-LAB (Light-LABoratory), a joint research facility of Hella KG and the University of Paderborn, has had a simulator available which allows the evaluation of driver assistance systems and the optimisation of man-machine interfaces. It is an interactive night driver simulator, which can be used to visualise any type of headlamp beam pattern true to the original. A Smart is used as the input medium; image projection is via a 3-channel high-performance beamer projection system onto large screens. Alongside synthetic roads, there is also a digitalised course available, approx. 10 km long, the original of which is actually used by Hella as a proving ground. Road safety indicators can be recorded directly and indirectly. For example, obstacles which suddenly appear force drivers to apply the brakes. The stopping distance required can be interpreted as a direct indicator for safety. In addition, an eye tracking system is used to record the eye movements of the test subjects, which allows additional road safety indicators to be derived. Comparative investigations between the digitalised proving ground and reality allow validation of the simulator. This year, a comprehensive study will be made to optimise the man-machine interface in connection with infrared vision systems in vehicles. The advantages of simulation are not only in the economical implementation possibilities and control of the variables, but also the fact that properties of driver assistance systems can be evaluated which are not even technically possible yet in reality. The use of the simulator developed here is not limited to tests connected with the visibility of obstacles, however. Rather, it allows the investigation and evaluation of a large range of potential driver assistance systems. (orig.) [German] Dem L-LAB (Light-LABoratory), einer gemeinsamen Forschungseinrichtung der Universitaet Paderborn und der Firma Hella KG in Lippstadt, steht seit kurzer Zeit ein Simulator zur

Tip Deflection Determination of a Barrel for the Effect of an Accelerating Projectile Before Firing Using Finite Element and Artificial Neural Network Combined Algorithm

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mehmet Akif Koç

Full Text Available Abstract For realistic applications, design and control engineers have limited modelling options in dealing with some vibration problems that hold many nonlinearity such as non-uniform geometry, variable velocity loadings, indefinite damping cases, etc. For these reasons numerous time consuming experimental studies at high costs must be done for determining the actual behaviour such nonlinear systems. However, using advantages of multiple computational methods like Finite Element Method (FEM together with an Artificial Intelligence (ANN, many complicated engineering problems can be handled and solved to some extent. This study, proposes a new collective method to deal with the nonlinear vibrations of the barrels in order to fulfil accurate shooting expectancy. Using known analytical methods, in practical, to determine dynamic behaviour of the barrel beam is not possible for all conditions of firing that include numerous varieties of ammunition for different purposes, and each projectile of different ammunition has different mass and exit velocity. In order to cover all cases this study proposes a new method that combines a precise FEM with ANN, and can be used for determining the exact dynamic behaviour of a barrel for some cases and then for precisely predicting the behaviour for all other possible cases of firing. In this study, the whole nonlinear behaviour of an antiaircraft barrel were obtained with 3.5% accuracy errors by ANN trained by FEM using calculated analysis results of ammunitions for a particular range. The proposed FEM-ANN combined method can be very useful for design and control engineers in design and control of barrels in order to compensate the effect of nonlinear vibrations of a barrel for achieving a higher shooting accuracy; and can reduce high-cost experimental works.

Core barrel plug

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tolino, R.W.; Hopkins, R.J.; Congleton, R.L.; Popalis, C.H.

1986-01-01

A plug is described for preventing flow through a port in a core barrel of a pressurized water nuclear reactor which consists of: a substantially cylindrical body formed with a cylindrical portion and a flange and defining a tapered leading open end with the other end being closed by an end plug attached to the flange, the body defining a bore therein extending from the open end to the end plug with the bore having a smaller diameter near the open end than near the end plug, the cylindrical portion having a lip near the open end and being formed with longitudinal slots extending from the open end toward the flange and extending entirely through the thickness of the cylindrical portion, the cylindrical portion having a circumferential first groove on the outer surface thereof located near the forwardmost portion of the cylindrical portion but not in the section of the cylindrical portion that has the slots therein, and a plurality of circumferential second grooves on the outer surface thereof located in the section of the cylindrical portion that has the slots therein, the first and second grooves establishing a seal between the cylindrical portion and the inside surface of the port when the cylindrical portion is expanded, and the flange and the end plug having a passageway defined therein for introducing a fluid into the body; a metal ring disposed in each of the second grooves; a mandrel slidably disposed and captured in the body and capable of being moved toward the open end of the body when the fluid is introduced through the passageway, thereby causing the cylindrical portion to be expanded into contact with the inside surface of the port; and a locking mechanism disposed in the end plug for preventing inadvertent movement of the mandrel

Double-barrelled wet colostomy formation after pelvic exenteration for locally advanced or recurrent rectal cancer.

Science.gov (United States)

Bloemendaal, A L A; Kraus, R; Buchs, N C; Hamdy, F C; Hompes, R; Cogswell, L; Guy, R J

2016-11-01

In advanced pelvic cancer it may be necessary to perform a total pelvic exenteration. In such cases urinary tract reconstruction is usually achieved with the creation of an ileal conduit with a urinary stoma on the right side of the patient's abdomen and an end colostomy separately on the left. The potential morbidity from a second stoma may be avoided by the use of a double-barrelled wet colostomy (DBWC), as a single stoma. Another advantage is the possibility of using a vertical rectus abdominis muscle flap for perineal reconstruction. All patients undergoing formation of a DBWC were included. A DBWC was formed in 10 patients. One patient underwent formation of a double-barrelled wet ileostomy. In this technical note we present our early experience in 11 cases and a video of DBWC formation in a male patient. Colorectal Disease © 2016 The Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland.

Proton therapy of iris melanoma with 50 CGE. Influence of target volume on clinical outcome

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Riechardt, Aline I.; Joussen, Antonia M. [Charite University of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Berlin (Germany); Karle, Bettina [Helios Klinikum Emil-von-Behring, Department of Radiation Oncology, Berlin (Germany); Cordini, Dino; Heufelder, Jens [Charite University of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Berlin (Germany); Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Lise-Meitner-Campus, Berlin-Protonen, Berlin (Germany); Budach, Volker [Charite University of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Berlin (Germany); Gollrad, Johannes [Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Lise-Meitner-Campus, Berlin-Protonen, Berlin (Germany); Charite University of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Berlin (Germany)

2017-11-15

The aim of this study was to evaluate local tumour control, incidence of radiation-induced glaucoma and associated interventions of sector-based and whole anterior segment proton beam therapy (PBT) for the treatment of iris melanoma. We retrospectively analysed the data of 77 patients with iris melanoma who underwent PBT applied as 50 CGE in four daily fractions. Of the patients, 47 received PBT with a circular-shaped collimator and 30 with a conformal sector-shaped target volume. Local control, eye preservation and secondary glaucoma were evaluated. Median follow-up time was 54.9 months. Local tumour control was 100% in patients receiving whole anterior segment irradiation. Two patients developed pigment dispersion in the non-irradiated area after sector-based PBT and received whole anterior segment salvage PBT. The mean volume of ciliary body irradiated was 89.0% and 34.9% for whole anterior segment and lesion-based irradiation, respectively. At the end of follow-up, secondary glaucoma was found in 74.3% of the patients with whole anterior segment irradiation and in 19.2% with sector-based irradiation. Patients with sector-based PBT had a stable visual acuity of logMAR 0.1, while it declined from logMAR 0.1 to 0.4 after whole anterior segment irradiation. We found a significant reduction in radiation-induced secondary glaucoma and glaucoma-associated surgical interventions and stable visual acuity after sector-based irradiation compared with whole anterior segment irradiation. Sector-based irradiation revealed a higher risk for local recurrence, but selected patients with well-circumscribed iris melanoma benefit from applying a lesion-based target volume when treated with sector-based PBT. (orig.) [German] Ziel der Arbeit war es, nach Irismelanomtherapie durch sektorielle oder Ganzfeldbestrahlung mittels Protonentherapie mit 50 CGE (Cobalt-Gray-Aequivalent) Tumorkontrolle, Inzidenz des strahleninduzierten Glaukoms und damit assoziierte Interventionen auszuwerten

The design and performance of a twenty barrel hydrogen pellet injector for Alcator C-Mod

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Urbahn, J.A.

1994-05-01

A twenty barrel hydrogen pellet injector has been designed, built and tested both in the laboratory and on the Alcator C-Mod Tokamak at MIT. The injector functions by firing pellets of frozen hydrogen or deuterium deep into the plasma discharge for the purpose of fueling the plasma, modifying the density profile and increasing the global energy confinement time. The design goals of the injector are: (1) Operational flexibility, (2) High reliability, (3) Remote operation with minimal maintenance. These requirements have lead to a single stage, pipe gun design with twenty barrels. Pellets are formed by in- situ condensation of the fuel gas, thus avoiding moving parts at cryogenic temperatures. The injector is the first to dispense with the need for cryogenic fluids and instead uses a closed cycle refrigerator to cool the thermal system components. The twenty barrels of the injector produce pellets of four different size groups and allow for a high degree of flexibility in fueling experiments. Operation of the injector is under PLC control allowing for remote operation, interlocked safety features and automated pellet manufacturing. The injector has been extrusively tested and shown to produce pellets reliably with velocities up to 1400 m/sec. During the period from September to November of 1993, the injector was successfully used to fire pellets into over fifty plasma discharges. Experimental results include data on the pellet penetration into the plasma using an advanced pellet tracking diagnostic with improved time and spatial response. Data from the tracker indicates pellet penetrations were between 30 and 86 percent of the plasma minor radius

Analyse und Regelung eines nichtlinearen Bremssystems mit elektromechanischen Stellgliedern

OpenAIRE

Arnold, Armin

2002-01-01

Ein elektromechanisches Bremssystem bietet im Vergleich zu einer hydraulischen Bremsanlage prinzipbedingt Vorteile hinsichtlich Komfort, Sicherheit und Umwelt. Allerdings müssen aufgrund des unterschiedlichen Stellverhaltens angepasste Regelalgorithmen entwickelt werden. Dies geschieht durch einen modellgestützten Ansatz, der neben den Raddrehzahlen auch die gemessenen Zuspannkräfte als Eingangsgröße verwendet. Es wird gezeigt, dass trotz des langsameren Ansprechverhaltens mindestens die Brem...

Fundamental investigations for a OWC-tidal power plant with a conventional hydraulic turbine; Basisuntersuchungen fuer ein OWC-Wellenenergiekraftwerk mit konventioneller Hydroturbine. Abschlussbericht

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Graw, K.U.; Lengricht, J.; Schimmels, S.

2001-07-01

At the present the OWC-tidal power plant is the most forward-looking way of converting tidal energy into usable electric power. Current research works focus on the dimensions of the structures in terms of occurring loads, the minimisation of hydraulic losses and the development of new turbine-generator types. The development of all air-turbine systems, which have been investigated so far, is considered as problematic and the commercialisation is likely to be a hindrance. Based on international research results an inventory tata of available hydraulic turbines is supposed to be gathered and fundamental investigations are supposed to check, if the application of conventional hydraulic turbines are an energetic progress in the OWC-tidal power plant. In order to considerably increase the efficiency compared to current developments, small-scale investigations at a physical model are supposed to show if and how a hydraulic turbine can be realised in a OWC-tidal power plant and how a concept of flow rectification as well as a flow-optimised form of inflow and outflow chambers can be achieved. (orig.) [German] Das OWC-Wellenenergiekraftwerk ist der zur Zeit zukunftstraechtigste Typ zur Umwandlung von Wellenenergie in nutzbaren Strom. Die laufenden Forschungsarbeiten beschaeftigen sich insbesondere mit der Dimensionierung der Strukturen hinsichtlich auftretender Belastungen, der Minimierung der hydraulischen Verluste und der Entwicklung von neuartigen Turbinen-Generatoren-Typen. Die Entwicklung aller bisher untersuchten Luftturbinensysteme wird jedoch als problematisch und die Kommerzialisierung hindernd angesehen. Aufbauend auf den internationalen Forschungsergebnissen sollen eine Bestandaufnahme der verfuegbaren Hydroturbinen durchgefuehrt und mit Baisuntersuchungen geprueft werden, ob ein Einsatz konventionaller Hydroturbinen im OWC-Wellenenergiekraftwerk eine energetische Weiterentwicklung darstellen kann. Um den Wirkungsgrad gegenueber derzeitigen Entwicklungen

Segmentation: Identification of consumer segments

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Høg, Esben

2005-01-01

It is very common to categorise people, especially in the advertising business. Also traditional marketing theory has taken in consumer segments as a favorite topic. Segmentation is closely related to the broader concept of classification. From a historical point of view, classification has its...... origin in other sciences as for example biology, anthropology etc. From an economic point of view, it is called segmentation when specific scientific techniques are used to classify consumers to different characteristic groupings. What is the purpose of segmentation? For example, to be able to obtain...... a basic understanding of grouping people. Advertising agencies may use segmentation totarget advertisements, while food companies may usesegmentation to develop products to various groups of consumers. MAPP has for example investigated the positioning of fish in relation to other food products...

Associations of unilateral whisker and olfactory signals induce synapse formation and memory cell recruitment in bilateral barrel cortices: cellular mechanism for unilateral training toward bilateral memory

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zilong Gao

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Somatosensory signals and operative skills learned by unilateral limbs can be retrieved bilaterally. In terms of cellular mechanism underlying this unilateral learning toward bilateral memory, we hypothesized that associative memory cells in bilateral cortices and synapse innervations between them were produced. In the examination of this hypothesis, we have observed that paired unilateral whisker and odor stimulations led to odorant-induced whisker motions in bilateral sides, which were attenuated by inhibiting the activity of barrel cortices. In the mice that showed bilateral cross-modal responses, the neurons in both sides of barrel cortices became to encode this new odor signal alongside the innate whisker signal. Axon projections and synapse formations from the barrel cortex, which was co-activated with the piriform cortex, toward its contralateral barrel cortex were upregulated. Glutamatergic synaptic transmission in bilateral barrel cortices was upregulated and GABAergic synaptic transmission was downregulated. The associative activations of the sensory cortices facilitate new axon projection, glutamatergic synapse formation and GABAergic synapse downregulation, which drive the neurons to be recruited as associative memory cells in the bilateral cortices. Our data reveals the productions of associative memory cells and synapse innervations in bilateral sensory cortices for unilateral training toward bilateral memory.

Thompson revisited. Ein empirisch fundiertes Modell zur Qualität von „Quality-TV“ aus Nutzersicht

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Michael Harnischmacher

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Was bedeutet das Attribut „Quality-TV“ eigentlich für das Publikum? Nach welchen Kriterien beurteilen Zuschauerinnen und Zuschauer, ob eine Serie Qualitätsfernsehen ist oder nicht? Im Bereich der rezipientenorientierten Qualitätsforschung bezüglich Fernsehserien sind bislang fast ausschließlich qualitativ erhobene Modelle bedeutsam, am bekanntesten sicherlich die bereits 1996 von Robert J. Thompson vorgeschlagenen 12 Kriterien. Die vorliegende Untersuchung widmet sich nun der Frage, ob diese Qualitätskriterien tatsächlich die „richtigen“ sind. Sind sie für die Zuschauer/innen von Serien bedeutsam für die Einschätzung, ob ein Programm „Quality-TV“ ist oder nicht? Bislang fehlt eine empirische Fundierung der einzelnen Merkmale. Ebenso ungeklärt ist bislang, ob es eine Rangfolge dieser Merkmale gibt. Welche sind bedeutsamer, welche weniger wichtig für die Wahrnehmung einer Serie als Qualitätsprodukt? Die Studie hat Thompsons Vorschlag (unter Bezugnahme auf weitere Studien zum Thema (z.B. Cardwell 2007; Feuer 2007; Dreher 2010; Blanchett 2011; Kumpf 2011 operationalisiert und in einer standardisierten Befragung der Nutzer von 13 Onlineforen zu Qualitätsserien (n=1382 getestet. Auf Basis dieser Befragung kann statistisch nachgewiesen werden, welche Merkmale von den Zuschauer/innen als besonders wichtig angesehen werden und wie diese zu Qualitätsfaktoren zusammengefasst werden können, die das Phänomen „Quality-TV“ aus Zuschauersicht tatsächlich beschreiben können.

Mesenteric lymphadenopathy in patient with Yersinia enterocolitica infection. A differential diagnosis to abdominal lymphoma; Mesenteriale Lymphadenopathie bei Infektion mit Yersinia enterocolitica. Eine Differentialdiagnose zum abdominalen Lymphom

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Trommer, G.; Koesling, S. [Leipzig Univ. (Germany). Klinik und Poliklinik fuer Diagnostische Radiologie; Bewer, A. [Leipzig Univ. (Germany). Klinik fuer Allgemein-, Thorax- und onkologische Chirurgie

1998-01-01

We report a case of previously undiagnosed Yersinia enterocolitica infection in a 46-year old woman. She consulted her physician because of continual weight loss and physical lassitude. A leucocytosis was found. Sonography revealed an excessive enlargement of abdominal lymph nodes. A malignant lymphoma was suspected and the patient underwent a staging by CT. There the disease was limited on mesenteric and retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Bone marrow biopsy and CT-guided lymph node biopsy did not confirm a systemic lymphatic disease. The patient did not undergo a special therapy. After six months, CT showed a clear regression of enlarged lymph nodes. Finally, a previous Yersinia enterocolitica infection of immunotype 03 could be proved serologically. At this time, the patient had no complaints. Diagnostic and differential diagnosis of benign abdominal lymph node enlargement are discussed based on literature. (orig.) [Deutsch] Berichtet wird der Fall einer klinisch inapperenten Yersinia-enterocolitica-Infektion bei einer 46jaehrigen Patientin, die aufgrund stetigen Gewichtsverlustes und koerperlicher Abgeschlagenheit den Hausarzt konsultierte. Dieser diagnostizierte eine Leukozytose. Die daraufhin durchgefuehrte Sonographie ergab eine massive abdominale Lymphknotenvergroesserung. Unter dem Verdacht eines malignen Lymphoms erfolgte eine computertomographische Ausbreitungsdiagnostik, die die Erkrankung auf mesenteriale und retroperitoneale Lymphknoten beschraenkt zeigte. Knochenmarkbiopsie und CT-gestuetzte Lymphknotenpunktion ergaben keinen Hinweis auf eine lymphatische Systemerkrankung. Ohne Therapie zeigte eine CT-Kontrolle nach 6 Monaten eine deutliche Regredienz der Lymphknotenschwellung. Bei der Erregersuche konnte serologisch eine zurueckliegende Infektion mit Yersinia enterocolitica, Serotyp 03, nachgewiesen werden. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt war die Patientin beschwerdefrei. Anhand der Literatur werden Diagnostik und Differentialdiagnose benigner abdominaler

Dual vehicle - Development, construction and testing of a dual vehicle for passenger transport on roads and railways. Final report; Zweiwegefahrzeug - Entwicklung, Bau und Erprobung eines Zweiwegefahrzeuges zur Personenbefoerderung Strasse/Schiene. Abschlussbericht

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-07-01

This feasibility study investigated a prototype dual vehicle for railways and roads. Technical problems, acceptance specifications, legal and economic aspects were gone into. [German] Zielstellung fuer das Vorhaben war die Untersuchung ausgewaehlter technischer Fragestellungen hinsichtlich der Machbarkeit der Entwicklung und Erprobung eines Prototypes fuer ein Zweiwegefahrzeug fuer den Personenverkehr, das fuer den Einsatz auf der Schiene und der Strasse vorgesehen und dafuer entsprechend technisch ausgestattet ist. Damit erbringt das Vorhaben technisch-konstruktive Loesungsansaetze fuer ein vollstaendig neues Fahrzeuggrundkonzept und traegt hinsichtlich eines solchen zukuenftigen Fahrzeugtyps - zur Klaerung technischer Fragen (statische Zusammenbauuntersuchungen, geometrische und massliche Bedingungen sowie Konzipierung, Leistungsanforderungen der Komponenten, Konzept fuer Ein- und Ausspuren sowie fuer Ein- und Ausstieg), - zur Pruefung der technischen Zulassungsfaehigkeit des Fahrzeuges, - zur Klaerung von Rechtsfragen fuer die Sicherung des Betriebes des Fahrzeuges - sowie zum Nachweis des wirtschaftlicheren Betriebes des Fahrzeuges bei. Das Vorhaben unterbreitet unter Beruecksichtigung sicherheitstechnischer, gesetzlicher und wirtschaftlicher Rahmenbedingungen Loesungsvorschlaege fuer die konstruktive Konzipierung des Fahrgestells und ein technisches Konzept fuer das Ein- und Ausspuren fuer einen neuen Fahrzeugtyp, der sowohl fuer die Strassenbenutzung als auch fuer den Schienenverkehr zugelassen ist. (orig.)

[Jean-Daniel Strub. Der gerechte Friede. Spannungsfelder eines friedensethnischen Leibegriffs.] / Andreas Pawlas

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Pawlas, Andreas

2012-01-01

Arvustus: Strub, Jean-Daniel. Der gerechte Friede. Spannungsfelder eines friedensethnischen Leibegriffs. (Forum Systematik. beiträge zur Dogmatik, Ethik und ökumenischen Theologie, hg von Johannes Brosseder, Johannes Fischer und Joachim Track, Band 36), Verlag W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2010

Performance Study of the CMS Barrel Resistive Plate Chambers with Cosmic Rays

CERN Document Server

Chatrchyan, S; Sirunyan, A M; Adam, W; Arnold, B; Bergauer, H; Bergauer, T; Dragicevic, M; Eichberger, M; Erö, J; Friedl, M; Frühwirth, R; Ghete, V M; Hammer, J; Hänsel, S; Hoch, M; Hörmann, N; Hrubec, J; Jeitler, M; Kasieczka, G; Kastner, K; Krammer, M; Liko, D; Magrans de Abril, I; Mikulec, I; Mittermayr, F; Neuherz, B; Oberegger, M; Padrta, M; Pernicka, M; Rohringer, H; Schmid, S; Schöfbeck, R; Schreiner, T; Stark, R; Steininger, H; Strauss, J; Taurok, A; Teischinger, F; Themel, T; Uhl, D; Wagner, P; Waltenberger, W; Walzel, G; Widl, E; Wulz, C E; Chekhovsky, V; Dvornikov, O; Emeliantchik, I; Litomin, A; Makarenko, V; Marfin, I; Mossolov, V; Shumeiko, N; Solin, A; Stefanovitch, R; Suarez Gonzalez, J; Tikhonov, A; Fedorov, A; Karneyeu, A; Korzhik, M; Panov, V; Zuyeuski, R; Kuchinsky, P; Beaumont, W; Benucci, L; Cardaci, M; De Wolf, E A; Delmeire, E; Druzhkin, D; Hashemi, M; Janssen, X; Maes, T; Mucibello, L; Ochesanu, S; Rougny, R; Selvaggi, M; Van Haevermaet, H; Van Mechelen, P; Van Remortel, N; Adler, V; Beauceron, S; Blyweert, S; D'Hondt, J; De Weirdt, S; Devroede, O; Heyninck, J; Kalogeropoulos, A; Maes, J; Maes, M; Mozer, M U; Tavernier, S; Van Doninck, W; Van Mulders, P; Villella, I; Bouhali, O; Chabert, E C; Charaf, O; Clerbaux, B; De Lentdecker, G; Dero, V; Elgammal, S; Gay, A P R; Hammad, G H; Marage, P E; Rugovac, S; Vander Velde, C; Vanlaer, P; Wickens, J; Grunewald, M; Klein, B; Marinov, A; Ryckbosch, D; Thyssen, F; Tytgat, M; Vanelderen, L; Verwilligen, P; Basegmez, S; Bruno, G; Caudron, J; Delaere, C; Demin, P; Favart, D; Giammanco, A; Grégoire, G; Lemaitre, V; Militaru, O; Ovyn, S; Piotrzkowski, K; Quertenmont, L; Schul, N; Beliy, N; Daubie, E; Alves, G A; Pol, M E; Souza, M H G; Carvalho, W; De Jesus Damiao, D; De Oliveira Martins, C; Fonseca De Souza, S; Mundim, L; Oguri, V; Santoro, A; Silva Do Amaral, S M; Sznajder, A; Fernandez Perez Tomei, T R; Ferreira Dias, M A; Gregores, E M; Novaes, S F; Abadjiev, K; Anguelov, T; Damgov, J; Darmenov, N; Dimitrov, L; Genchev, V; Iaydjiev, P; Piperov, S; Stoykova, S; Sultanov, G; Trayanov, R; Vankov, I; Dimitrov, A; Dyulendarova, M; Kozhuharov, V; Litov, L; Marinova, E; Mateev, M; Pavlov, B; Petkov, P; Toteva, Z; Chen, G M; Chen, H S; Guan, W; Jiang, C H; Liang, D; Liu, B; Meng, X; Tao, J; Wang, J; Wang, Z; Xue, Z; Zhang, Z; Ban, Y; Cai, J; Ge, Y; Guo, S; Hu, Z; Mao, Y; Qian, S J; Teng, H; Zhu, B; Avila, C; Baquero Ruiz, M; Carrillo Montoya, C A; Gomez, A; Gomez Moreno, B; Ocampo Rios, A A; Osorio Oliveros, A F; Reyes Romero, D; Sanabria, J C; Godinovic, N; Lelas, K; Plestina, R; Polic, D; Puljak, I; Antunovic, Z; Dzelalija, M; Brigljevic, V; Duric, S; Kadija, K; Morovic, S; Fereos, R; Galanti, M; Mousa, J; Papadakis, A; Ptochos, F; Razis, P A; Tsiakkouri, D; Zinonos, Z; Hektor, A; Kadastik, M; Kannike, K; Müntel, M; Raidal, M; Rebane, L; Anttila, E; Czellar, S; Härkönen, J; Heikkinen, A; Karimäki, V; Kinnunen, R; Klem, J; Kortelainen, M J; Lampén, T; Lassila-Perini, K; Lehti, S; Lindén, T; Luukka, P; Mäenpää, T; 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2010-01-01

In October and November 2008, the CMS collaboration conducted a programme of cosmic ray data taking, which has recorded about 270 million events. The Resistive Plate Chamber system, which is part of the CMS muon detection system, was successfully operated in the full barrel. More than 98% of the channels were operational during the exercise with typical detection efficiency of 90%. In this paper, the performance of the detector during these dedicated runs is reported.

[«Man-in-the-barrel» syndrome: atypical manifestation of giant cell arteritis].

Science.gov (United States)

Calle-Lopez, Y; Fernandez-Ramirez, A F; Franco-Dager, E; Gomez-Lopera, J G; Vanegas-Garcia, A L

2018-06-01

«Man-in-the-barrel» syndrome refers to diplegia of the upper extremities in which mobility of the head and lower limbs is preserved. Brachial plexitis that presents as «man-in-the-barrel» syndrome is an unusual manifestation of giant cell arteritis. We report a case of C5-C6 plexitis as part of the clinical features of a patient with giant cell arteritis. A 70-year-old male with a two-month history of weight loss, headache, facial pain and jaw claudication, associated with a persistent elevation of acute phase reactants and bilateral brachial plexopathy, with no evidence of neck or brain injuries or occult neoplasm and with negative autoimmunity tests. Results of the biopsy study of the temporal artery were compatible with giant cell arteritis, and the positron emission tomography scan revealed extensive vascular involvement of the aorta and its branches. Although the typical clinical manifestations of giant cell arteritis are headache, jaw claudication, loss of sight, constitutional symptoms and polymyalgia rheumatica, its presence must be suspected in patients over the age of 50 who manifest alterations affecting the peripheral nerve, including brachial diplegia with no other demonstrable cause.

Zur Durchführbarkeit eines regelmäßigen Trainings mit der Nintendo Wii Fit Plus bei Frauen nach der Schwangerschaft

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nitzsche N

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Sport im Sinne eines regelmäßigen körperlichen Trainings sollte aus gesundheitlichen Gründen nach einer Schwangerschaft empfohlen werden. Jedoch müssen an diese Aktivitäten besondere Ansprüche gestellt werden. Die Beanspruchung sollte moderat und mit geringem Risiko sein. Weiters muss die körperliche Aktivität in den Tagesablauf einer jungen Mutter integrierbar sein. Hierzu könnten digitale Spiele mit Ganzkörperaktivitäten sinnvoll eingesetzt werden. Ziel dieser Trainingsstudie war es, möglichen Einsatz und mögliche Wirkung ausgewählter Übungen der Nintendo Wii Fit Plus bei postnatalen Frauen zu überprüfen. Dabei wurden subjektive Eindrücke wie das Spielerleben und wahrgenommene Beanspruchung erhoben. Die Wirkung auf die aerobe Ausdauerleistungsfähigkeit wurde durch eine 6-wöchige Intervention überprüft. An der Studie nahmen 8 Probandinnen (Alter 29,0 ± 4,6 Jahre, Größe 1,7 ± 0,1 m, Body-Mass-Index [BMI] 25,1 ± 3,1 kg/m², postnatal 6,3 ± 1,9 Wochen teil. Ergebnisse: Die Probandinnen zeigten nach einmaligem Spielen eine hohe bis sehr hohe Motivation, dieses Spiel noch mal zu spielen. Es wurde als nicht stressig mit mittlerer Spielgeschwindigkeit bei einfacher und übersichtlicher Bedienung bewertet. Über den Beobachtungszeitraum nahmen die Frauen eine moderate (etwas anstrengende Beanspruchung mit hohem Spaßempfinden wahr. Signifikante Gewichtsreduktionen sowie eine Verbesserung der aeroben Leistungsfähigkeit konnten nicht festgestellt werden. Schlussfolgernd bleibt festzuhalten, dass trotz nicht-signifikanter metabolischer und morphologischer Adaptionen eine hohe Motivation zu erwarten ist, was unter gegebenen Übungsvariationen der Nindento Wii Fit Plus zu regelmäßigem Training führen kann. Da diese Studie nur Pilotcharakter hatte, wäre unter randomisierten kontrollierten Bedingungen eine Untersuchung mit größerem Probandenumfang durchzuführen.

Zur Durchführbarkeit eines regelmäßigen Trainings mit der Nintendo Wii Fit Plus bei Frauen in der Schwangerschaft

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nitzsche N

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Sport im Sinne eines regelmäßigen körperlichen Trainings sollte aus gesundheitlichen Gründen nach einer Schwangerschaft empfohlen werden. Jedoch müssen an diese Aktivitäten besondere Ansprüche gestellt werden. Die Beanspruchung sollte moderat und mit geringem Risiko sein. Weiters muss die körperliche Aktivität in den Tagesablauf einer jungen Mutter integrierbar sein. Hierzu könnten digitale Spiele mit Ganzkörperaktivitäten sinnvoll eingesetzt werden. Ziel dieser Trainingsstudie war es, möglichen Einsatz und mögliche Wirkung ausgewählter Übungen der Nintendo Wii Fit Plus bei postnatalen Frauen zu überprüfen. Dabei wurden subjektive Eindrücke wie das Spielerleben und wahrgenommene Beanspruchung erhoben. Die Wirkung auf die aerobe Ausdauerleistungsfähigkeit wurde durch eine 6-wöchige Intervention überprüft. An der Studie nahmen 8 Probandinnen (Alter 29,0 ± 4,6 Jahre, Größe 1,7 ± 0,1 m, Body-Mass-Index [BMI] 25,1 ± 3,1 kg/m², postnatal 6,3 ± 1,9 Wochen teil. Ergebnisse: Die Probandinnen zeigten nach einmaligem Spielen eine hohe bis sehr hohe Motivation, dieses Spiel noch mal zu spielen. Es wurde als nicht stressig mit mittlerer Spielgeschwindigkeit bei einfacher und übersichtlicher Bedienung bewertet. Über den Beobachtungszeitraum nahmen die Frauen eine moderate (etwas anstrengende Beanspruchung mit hohem Spaßempfinden wahr. Signifikante Gewichtsreduktionen sowie eine Verbesserung der aeroben Leistungsfähigkeit konnten nicht festgestellt werden. Schlussfolgernd bleibt festzuhalten, dass trotz nicht-signifikanter metabolischer und morphologischer Adaptionen eine hohe Motivation zu erwarten ist, was unter gegebenen Übungsvariationen der Nintendo Wii Fit Plus zu regelmäßigem Training führen kann. Da diese Studie nur Pilotcharakter hatte, wäre unter randomisierten kontrollierten Bedingungen eine Untersuchung mit größerem Probandenumfang durchzuführen.

Increases in the numerical density of GAT-1 positive puncta in the barrel cortex of adult mice after fear conditioning.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ewa Siucinska

Full Text Available Three days of fear conditioning that combines tactile stimulation of a row of facial vibrissae (conditioned stimulus, CS with a tail shock (unconditioned stimulus, UCS expands the representation of "trained" vibrissae, which can be demonstrated by labeling with 2-deoxyglucose in layer IV of the barrel cortex. We have also shown that functional reorganization of the primary somatosensory cortex (S1 increases GABAergic markers in the hollows of "trained" barrels of the adult mouse. This study investigated how whisker-shock conditioning (CS+UCS affected the expression of puncta of a high-affinity GABA plasma membrane transporter GAT-1 in the barrel cortex of mice 24 h after associative learning paradigm. We found that whisker-shock conditioning (CS+UCS led to increase expression of neuronal and astroglial GAT-1 puncta in the "trained" row compared to controls: Pseudoconditioned, CS-only, UCS-only and Naïve animals. These findings suggest that fear conditioning specifically induces activation of systems regulating cellular levels of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA.

Upgrade of the Level-1 muon trigger of the ATLAS detector in the barrel-endcap transition region with RPC chambers

CERN Document Server

Massa, L; The ATLAS collaboration

2014-01-01

This report presents a project for the upgrade of the Level-1 muon trigger in the barrel-endcap transition region (1.01) caused by charged particles originating from secondary interactions downstream of the interaction point. After the LHC phase-1 upgrade, forseen for 2018, the Level-1 muon trigger rate would saturate the allocated bandwidth unless new measures are adopted to improve the rejection of fake triggers. ATLAS is going to improve the trigger selectivity in the region |$\\eta$|>1.3 with the addition of the New Small Wheel detector as an inner trigger plane. To obtain a similar trigger selectivity in the barrel-endcap transition region 1.0<|$\\eta$|<1.3, it is proposed to add new RPC chambers at the edge of the inner layer of the barrel muon spectrometer. These chambers will be based on a three layer structure with thinner gas gaps and electrodes with respect to the ATLAS standard and a new low-profile light-weight mechanical structure that will allow the installation in the limited available spa...

The CMS Barrel Calorimeter Response to Particle Beams from 2 to 350 GeV/c

CERN Document Server

Abdullin, Salavat; Acharya, Bannaje Sripathi; Adam, Nadia; Adams, Mark Raymond; Adzic, Petar; Akchurin, Nural; Akgun, Ugur; Albayrak, Elif Asli; Alemany-Fernandez, Reyes; Almeida, Nuno; Anagnostou, Georgios; Andelin, Daniel; Anderson, E Walter; Anfreville, Marc; Anicin, Ivan; Antchev, Georgy; Antunovic, Zeljko; Arcidiacono, Roberta; Arenton, Michael Wayne; Auffray, Etiennette; Argiro, Stefano; Askew, Andrew; Atramentov, Oleksiy; Ayan, S; Arcidy, M; Aydin, Sezgin; Aziz, Tariq; Baarmand, Marc M; Babich, Kanstantsin; Baccaro, Stefania; Baden, Drew; Baffioni, Stephanie; Bakirci, Mustafa Numan; Balazs, Michael; Banerjee, Sunanda; Banerjee, Sudeshna; Bard, Robert; Barge, Derek; Barnes, Virgil E; Barney, David; Barone, Luciano; Bartoloni, Alessandro; Baty, Clement; Bawa, Harinder Singh; Baiatian, G; Bandurin, Dmitry; Beauceron, Stephanie; Bell, Ken W; Bencze, Gyorgy; Benetta, Robert; Bercher, Michel; Beri, Suman Bala; Bernet, Colin; Berntzon, Lisa; Berthon, Ursula; Besançon, Marc; Betev, Botjo; Beuselinck, Raymond; Bhatnagar, Vipin; Bhatti, Anwar; Biino, Cristina; Blaha, Jan; Bloch, Philippe; Blyth, Simon; Bodek, Arie; Bornheim, Adolf; Bose, Suvadeep; Bose, Tulika; Bourotte, Jean; Brett, Angela Mary; Brown, Robert M; Britton, David; Budd, Howard; Bühler, M; Burchesky, Kyle; Busson, Philippe; Camanzi, Barbara; Camporesi, Tiziano; Cankocak, Kerem; Carrell, Kenneth Wayne; Carrera, E; Cartiglia, Nicolo; Cavallari, Francesca; Cerci, Salim; Cerutti, cM; Chang, Paoti; Chang, You-Hao; Charlot, Claude; Chen, E Augustine; Chen, Wan-Ting; Chen, Zheng-Yu; Chendvankar, Sanjay; Chipaux, Rémi; Choudhary, Brajesh C; Choudhury, Rajani Kant; Chung, Yeon Sei; Clarida, Warren; Cockerill, David J A; Combaret, Christophe; Conetti, Sergio; Cossutti, Fabio; Cox, Bradley; Cremaldi, Lucien Marcus; Cushman, Priscilla; Cussans, David; Dafinei, Ioan; Damgov, Jordan; Da Silva Di Calafiori, Diogo Raphael; Daskalakis, Georgios; Davatz, Giovanna; David, A; De Barbaro, Pawel; Debbins, Paul; Deiters, Konrad; Dejardin, Marc; Djordjevic, Milos; Deliomeroglu, Mehmet; Della Negra, Rodolphe; Della Ricca, Giuseppe; Del Re, Daniele; Demianov, A; De Min, Alberto; Denegri, Daniel; Depasse, Pierre; de Visser, Theo; Descamps, Julien; Deshpande, Pandurang Vishnu; Díaz, Jonathan; Diemoz, Marcella; Di Marco, Emanuele; Dimitrov, Lubomir; Dissertori, Günther; Dittmar, Michael; Djambazov, Lubomir; Dobrzynski, Ludwik; Drndarevic, Snezana; Duboscq, Jean Etienne; Dugad, Shashikant; Dumanoglu, Isa; Duru, Firdevs; Dutta, Dipanwita; Dzelalija, Mile; Efthymiopoulos, I; Elias, John E; Peisert, A; El-Mamouni, H; Elvira, D; Emeliantchik, Igor; Eno, Sarah Catherine; Ershov, Alexander; Erturk, Sefa; Esen, Selda; Eskut, Eda; Evangelou, Ioannis; Evans, David; Fabbro, Bernard; Faure, Jean-Louis; Fay, Jean; Fenyvesi, Andras; Ferri, Federico; Fisher, Wade Cameron; Flower, Paul S; Franci, Daniele; Franzoni, Giovanni; Freeman, Jim; Freudenreich, Klaus; Funk, Wolfgang; Ganjour, Serguei; Gargiulo, Corrado; Gascon, Susan; Gataullin, Marat; Gaultney, Vanessa; Gamsizkan, Halil; Gavrilov, Vladimir; Geerebaert, Yannick; Genchev, Vladimir; Gentit, François-Xavier; Gerbaudo, Davide; Gershtein, Yuri; Ghezzi, Alessio; Ghodgaonkar, Manohar; Gilly, Jean; Givernaud, Alain; Gleyzer, Sergei V; Gninenko, Sergei; Go, Apollo; Gobbo, Benigno; Godinovic, Nikola; Golubev, Nikolai; Golutvin, Igor; Goncharov, Petr; Gong, Datao; Govoni, Pietro; Grant, Nicholas; Gras, Philippe; Grassi, Tullio; Green, Dan; Greenhalgh, R J S; Gribushin, Andrey; Grinev, B; Guevara Riveros, Luz; Guillaud, Jean-Paul; Gurtu, Atul; Murat Guler, A; Gülmez, Erhan; Gümüs, K; Haelen, T; Hagopian, Sharon; Hagopian, Vasken; Haguenauer, Maurice; Halyo, Valerie; Hamel de Monchenault, Gautier; Hansen, Sten; Hashemi, Majid; Hauptman, John M; Hazen, Eric; Heath, Helen F; Heering, Arjan Hendrix; Heister, Arno; Heltsley, Brian; Hill, Jack; Hintz, Wieland; Hirosky, Robert; Hobson, Peter R; Honma, Alan; Hou, George Wei-Shu; Hsiung, Yee; Hunt, Adam; Husejko, Michal; Ille, Bernard; Ilyina, N; Imlay, Richard; Ingram, D; Ingram, Quentin; Isiksal, Engin; Jarry, Patrick; Jarvis, Chad; Jeong, Chiyoung; Jessop, Colin; Johnson, Kurtis F; Jones, John; Jovanovic, Dragoslav; Kaadze, Ketino; Kachanov, Vassili; Kaftanova, V; Kailas, Swaminathan; Kalagin, Vladimir; Kalinin, Alexey; Kalmani, Suresh Devendrappa; Karmgard, Daniel John; Kataria, Sushil Kumar; Kaur, Manjit; Kaya, Mithat; Kaya, Ozlem; Kayis-Topaksu, A; Kellogg, Richard G; Kennedy, Bruce W; Khmelnikov, Alexander; Kim, Heejong; Kisselevich, I; Kloukinas, Kostas; Kodolova, Olga; Kohli, Jatinder Mohan; Kokkas, Panagiotis; Kolberg, Ted; Kolossov, V; Korablev, Andrey; Korneev, Yury; Kosarev, Ivan; Kramer, Laird; Krasnikov, Nikolai; Krinitsyn, Alexander; Krokhotin, Andrey; Krpic, Dragomir; Kryshkin, V; Kubota, Yuichi; Kubrik, A; Kuleshov, Sergey; Kumar, Arun; Kumar, P; Kunori, Shuichi; Kuo, Chen-Cheng; Kurt, Pelin; Kyberd, Paul; Kyriakis, Aristotelis; Laasanen, Alvin T; Ladygin, Vladimir; Laird, Edward; Landsberg, Greg; Laszlo, Andras; Lawlor, C; Lazic, Dragoslav; Lebeau, Michel; Lecomte, Pierre; Lecoq, Paul; Ledovskoy, Alexander; Lee, Sang Joon; Leshev, Georgi; Lethuillier, Morgan; Levchuk, Leonid; Lin, Sheng-Wen; Lin, Willis; Linn, Stephan; Lintern, A L; Litvine, Vladimir; Litvintsev, Dmitri; Litov, Leander; Lobolo, L; Locci, Elizabeth; Lodge, Anthony B; Longo, Egidio; Loukas, Demetrios; Los, Serguei; Lubinsky, V; Luckey, Paul David; Lukanin, Vladimir; Lustermann, Werner; Lynch, Clare; Ma, Yousi; Machado, Emanuel; Mahlke-Krüger, H; Maity, Manas; Majumder, Gobinda; Malberti, Martina; Malclès, Julie; Maletic, Dimitrije; Mandjavidze, Irakli; Mans, Jeremy; Manthos, Nikolaos; Maravin, Yurii; Marchica, Carmelo; Marinelli, Nancy; Markou, Athanasios; Markou, Christos; Marlow, Daniel; Markowitz, Pete; Marone, Matteo; Martínez, German; Mathez, Hervé; Matveev, Viktor; Mavrommatis, Charalampos; Maurelli, Georges; Mazumdar, Kajari; Meridiani, Paolo; Merlo, Jean-Pierre; Mermerkaya, Hamit; Mescheryakov, G; Mestvirishvili, Alexi; Mikhailin, V; Milenovic, Predrag; Miller, Michael; Milleret, Gérard; Miné, Philippe; Möller, A; Mohammadi-Najafabadi, M; Mohanty, Ajit Kumar; Moissenz, P; Mondal, Naba Kumar; Moortgat, Filip; Mossolov, Vladimir; Mur, Michel; Musella, Pasquale; Musienko, Yuri; Nagaraj, P; Nardulli, Alessandro; Nash, Jordan; Nédélec, Patrick; Negri, Pietro; Newman, Harvey B; Nikitenko, Alexander; Norbeck, Edwin; Nessi-Tedaldi, Francesca; Obertino, Maria Margherita; Olson, Jonathan; Onel, Yasar; Onengüt, G; Organtini, Giovanni; Orimoto, Toyoko; Ozkan, Cigdem; Ozkurt, Halil; Ozkorucuklu, Suat; Ozok, Ferhat; Paganoni, Marco; Paganini, Pascal; Paktinat, S; Pal, Andras; Palma, Alessandro; Panev, Bozhidar; Pant, Lalit Mohan; Papadakis, Antonakis; Papadakis, Ioannis; Papadopoulos, Ioannis; Paramatti, Riccardo; Parracho, P; Pastrone, Nadia; Patil, Mandakini Ravindra; Patterson, Juliet Ritchie; Pauss, Felicitas; Penzo, Aldo; Petrakou, Eleni; Petrushanko, Sergey; Petrosian, A; Phillips II, David; Pikalov, Vladimir; Piperov, Stefan; Piroué, Pierre; Podrasky, V; Polatoz, A; Pompos, Arnold; Popescu, Sorina; Posch, C; Pozdnyakov, Andrey; Ptochos, Fotios; Puljak, Ivica; Pullia, Antonino; Punz, Thomas; Puzovic, Jovan; Qian, Weiming; Ragazzi, Stefano; Rahatlou, Shahram; Ralich, Robert; Rande, J; Razis, Panos A; Redaelli, Nicola; Reddy, L; Reidy, Jim; Renker, Dieter; Reucroft, Steve; Reymond, Jean-Marc; Ribeiro, Pedro Quinaz; Röser, Ulf; Rogalev, Evgueni; Rogan, Christopher; Roh, Youn; Rohlf, James; Romanteau, Thierry; Rondeaux, Françoise; Ronquest, Michael; Ronzhin, Anatoly; Rosowsky, André; Rovelli, Chiara; Ruchti, Randy; Rumerio, Paolo; Rusack, Roger; Rusakov, Sergey V; Ryan, Matthew John; Ryazanov, Anton; Safronov, Grigory; Sala, Leonardo; Salerno, Roberto; Sanders, David A; Santanastasio, Francesco; Sanzeni, Christopher; Sarycheva, Ludmila; Satyanarayana, B; Schinzel, Dietrich; Schmidt, Ianos; Seez, Christopher; Sekmen, Sezen; Semenov, Sergey; Senchishin, V; Sergeyev, S; Serin, Meltem; Sever, Ramazan; Sharp, Peter; Shepherd-Themistocleous, Claire; Siamitros, Christos; Sillou, Daniel; Singh, Jas Bir; Singovsky, Alexander; Sirois, Yves; Sirunyan, Albert M; Silva, J; Silva, Pedro; Skuja, Andris; Sharma, Seema; Sherwood, Brian; Shiu, Jing-Ge; Shivpuri, Ram Krishen; Shukla, Prashant; Shumeiko, Nikolai; Smirnov, Vitaly; Smith, Brian; Smith, Vincent J; Sogut, Kenan; Sonmez, Nasuf; Sorokin, Pavel; Spezziga, Mario; Sproston, Martin; Stefanovich, R; Stockli, F; Stolin, Viatcheslav; Sudhakar, Katta; Sulak, Lawrence; Suter, Henry; Suzuki, Ichiro; Swain, John; Tabarellide Fatis, T; Talov, Vladimir; Takahashi, Maiko; Tcheremoukhine, Alexandre; Teller, Olivier; Teplov, Konstantin; Theofilatos, Konstantinos; Thiebaux, Christophe; Thomas, Ray; Timciuc, Vladlen; Timlin, Claire; Titov, Maksym; Tobias, A; Tonwar, Suresh C; Topakli, Huseyin; Topkar, Anita; Triantis, Frixos A; Troshin, Sergey; Tully, Christopher; Turchanovich, L; Tyurin, Nikolay; Ueno, Koji; Ulyanov, A; Uzunian, Andrey; Vanini, A; Vankov, Ivan; Vardanyan, Irina; Varela, F; Varela, Joao; Vasil ev, A; Velasco, Mayda; Vergili, Mehmet; Verma, Piyush; Verrecchia, Patrice; Vesztergombi, Gyorgy; Veverka, Jan; Vichoudis, Paschalis; Vidal, Richard; Virdee, Tejinder; Vishnevskiy, Alexander; Vlassov, E; Vodopiyanov, Igor; Volobouev, Igor; Volkov, Alexey; Volodko, Anton; Von Gunten, Hans Peter; Wang, Lei; Wang, Minzu; Wardrope, David; Weber, Markus; Weng, Joanna; Werner, Jeremy Scott; Wetstein, Matthew; Winn, Dave; Wigmans, Richard; Williams, Jennifer C; Whitmore, Juliana; Won, Steven; Wu, Shouxiang; Yang, Yong; Yaselli, Ignacio; Yazgan, Efe; Yetkin, Taylan; Yohay, Rachel; Zabi, Alexandre; Zálán, Peter; Zamiatin, Nikolai; Zarubin, Anatoli; Zelepoukine, Serguei; Zeyrek, Mehmet; Zhang, Jia-Wen; Zhang, Lin; Zhu, Kejun; Zhu, Ren-Yuan

2008-01-01

The response of the CMS barrel calorimeter (electromagnetic plus hadronic) to hadrons, electrons and muons over a wide momentum range from 2 to 350 GeV/c has been measured. To our knowledge, this is the widest range of momenta in which any calorimeter system has been studied. These tests, carried out at the H2 beam-line at CERN, provide a wealth of information, especially at low energies. The analysis of the differences in calorimeter response to charged pions, kaons, protons and antiprotons and a detailed discussion of the underlying phenomena are presented. We also show techniques that apply corrections to the signals from the considerably different electromagnetic (EB) and hadronic (HB) barrel calorimeters in reconstructing the energies of hadrons. Above 5 GeV/c, these corrections improve the energy resolution of the combined system where the stochastic term equals 84.7$\\pm$1.6$\\%$ and the constant term is 7.4$\\pm$0.8$\\%$. The corrected mean response remains constant within 1.3$\\%$ rms.

Insertion of the first half-barrel of the ATLAS electromagnetic calorimeter into its cryostat

CERN Multimedia

Maximilien Brice

2003-01-01

The first cylinder of the ATLAS electromagnetic calorimeter barrel and the presampler have been inserted in the cryostat.The ATLAS electromagnetic calorimeter is intended to detect electrons, positrons and photons by measuring the energy they deposit on being absorbed. The cylinder of the calorimeter is in two halves, that will be sunk in a liquid-argon bath cooled to 90 kelvin (-180°C). Each half-barrel is 3.2 metres long, 53 cm thick and formed by assembling 16 modules. Each module is made up of alternate lead absorbers and electrodes pressed into 64 layers folded accordion-fashion. The presampler, set up inside the cylinder, is an integral part of the calorimeter system: It measures the energy lost by a particle before it reaches the calorimeter. To ensure an ultra-clean environment, a tent (visible here) was erected round the calorimeter and entry point to the cryostat. The detector and presampler, fitted together, could then be slid gradually into the cryostat like a drawer. To do so, the insertion team...

Insertion of the first half-barrel of the ATLAS electromagnetic calorimeter into its cryostat

CERN Multimedia

Maximilien Brice

2003-01-01

The first cylinder of the ATLAS electromagnetic calorimeter barrel and the presampler have been inserted in the cryostat. The ATLAS electromagnetic calorimeter is intended to detect electrons, positrons and photons by measuring the energy they deposit on being absorbed. The cylinder of the calorimeter is in two halves, that will be sunk in a liquid-argon bath cooled to 90 kelvin (-180°C). Each half-barrel is 3.2 metres long, 53 cm thick and formed by assembling 16 modules. Each module is made up of alternate lead absorbers and electrodes pressed into 64 layers folded accordion-fashion. The presampler, set up inside the cylinder, is an integral part of the calorimeter system: It measures the energy lost by a particle before it reaches the calorimeter. To ensure an ultra-clean environment, a tent was erected round the calorimeter and entry point to the cryostat. The detector and presampler, fitted together, could then be slid gradually into the cryostat like a drawer. To do so, the insertion team had to fine-t...

High voltage performance of a dc photoemission electron gun with centrifugal barrel-polished electrodes

Science.gov (United States)

Hernandez-Garcia, C.; Bullard, D.; Hannon, F.; Wang, Y.; Poelker, M.

2017-09-01

The design and fabrication of electrodes for direct current (dc) high voltage photoemission electron guns can significantly influence their performance, most notably in terms of maximum achievable bias voltage. Proper electrostatic design of the triple-point junction shield electrode minimizes the risk of electrical breakdown (arcing) along the insulator-cable plug interface, while the electrode shape is designed to maintain work, we describe a centrifugal barrel-polishing technique commonly used for polishing the interior surface of superconducting radio frequency cavities but implemented here for the first time to polish electrodes for dc high voltage photoguns. The technique reduced polishing time from weeks to hours while providing surface roughness comparable to that obtained with diamond-paste polishing and with unprecedented consistency between different electrode samples. We present electrode design considerations and high voltage conditioning results to 360 kV (˜11 MV/m), comparing barrel-polished electrode performance to that of diamond-paste polished electrodes. Tests were performed using a dc high voltage photogun with an inverted-geometry ceramic insulator design.

Solar heating for a village; Ein Dorf heizt solar

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Roepcke, Ina

2013-07-05

In Buesingen (administrative district of Konstanz) a solar thermal system with 1091 sqm collector area is put into operation. Together with two wood chip boilers they supply more than 100 private and municipal buildings with regenerative heat. [German] In Buesingen im Landkreis Konstanz ist eine solarthermische Anlage mit 1091 qm Kollektorflaeche in Betrieb gegangen. Zusammen mit zwei Hackschnitzelkesseln versorgt sie ueber 100 private und kommunale Gebaeude mit regenerativer Waerme.