Estudio transversal de los determinantes del trabajo infantil en Cartagena, año 2007

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Karina Acevedo

2011-01-01

Full Text Available El trabajo infantil constituye una problemática compleja que tiene importantes repercusiones en las reservas de capital humano, en la salud de los niños y niñas, y en la persistencia de la pobreza. Nuestro principal objetivo en este artículo es dilucidar sus determinantes en la ciudad de Cartagena a través de la estimación de un modelo probit bivariado, con el cual analizamos conjuntamente las decisiones de trabajo y de asistencia escolar. Los resultados muestran que el trabajo infantil y la asistencia escolar son actividades excluyentes, siendo los determinantes más robustos de estas decisiones la educación del jefe de hogar, y la pobreza. Entre otros determinantes se encuentran las restricciones crediticias, la proximidad física a las escuelas y la tasa de ocupación de las personas adultas.

Inhomogeneous Markov point processes by transformation

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, Eva B. Vedel; Nielsen, Linda Stougaard

2000-01-01

We construct parametrized models for point processes, allowing for both inhomogeneity and interaction. The inhomogeneity is obtained by applying parametrized transformations to homogeneous Markov point processes. An interesting model class, which can be constructed by this transformation approach......, is that of exponential inhomogeneous Markov point processes. Statistical inference For such processes is discussed in some detail....

Some determinantal inequalities for Hadamard and Fan products of matrices

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Xiaohui Fu

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Abstract In this note, we generalize some determinantal inequalities which are due to Lynn (Proc. Camb. Philos. 60:425-431, 1964, Chen (Linear Algebra Appl. 368:99-106, 2003 and Ando (Linear Multilinear Algebra 8:291-316, 1980.

Determinantes de la informalidad laboral: Un análisis para Colombia

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Raúl Quejada Pérez

2013-08-01

Full Text Available La informalidad representa una alternativa de fuente de ingresos ante la falta de oportunidades que tienen las personas de obtener un empleo en el sector formal. Este artículo muestra los resultados de una revisión sobre la informalidad y sus determinantes, y destaca que el desempleo es la principal causa de esta situación, además de factores sociodemográficos, tales como el nivel educativo y el género. Por su parte, en el ámbito económico se encuentran factores asociados a la globalización, desarrollo industrial, ciclo económico y tipo de cambio real, mientras que en el aspecto institucional la regulación del mercado de trabajo son los elementos determinantes de la informalidad y sus correspondientes consecuencias.

Análisis de los factores determinantes de la cultura organizacional en el ambiente empresarial

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José Morelos-Gómez

2014-01-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo muestra el análisis de los factores determinantes de la cultura organizacional en el ambiente empresarial y la incidencia de estos condicionantes del entorno en los cambios internos y el comportamiento de colaboradores y directivos. Para la revisión documental se analizaron los conceptos de cultura organizacional y los factores determinantes de un total de 55 artículos relacionados con la pertinencia del referente teórico, resultados y experiencias registrados en investigaciones que aportaron nuevo conocimiento científico de interés para los grupos de organizaciones. Los resultados permiten identificar la importancia de los determinantes estrategia, estructura, trabajo en grupo, estilo de liderazgo de los managers, características organizacionales, fundadores y propietarios y ambiente organizacional, para la consecución de los objetivos y la generación de valor en las empresas.

Lévy based Cox point processes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hellmund, Gunnar; Prokesová, Michaela; Jensen, Eva Bjørn Vedel

2008-01-01

In this paper we introduce Lévy-driven Cox point processes (LCPs) as Cox point processes with driving intensity function Λ defined by a kernel smoothing of a Lévy basis (an independently scattered, infinitely divisible random measure). We also consider log Lévy-driven Cox point processes (LLCPs......) with Λ equal to the exponential of such a kernel smoothing. Special cases are shot noise Cox processes, log Gaussian Cox processes, and log shot noise Cox processes. We study the theoretical properties of Lévy-based Cox processes, including moment properties described by nth-order product densities...

Robust and Efficient Spin Purification for Determinantal Configuration Interaction.

Science.gov (United States)

Fales, B Scott; Hohenstein, Edward G; Levine, Benjamin G

2017-09-12

The limited precision of floating point arithmetic can lead to the qualitative and even catastrophic failure of quantum chemical algorithms, especially when high accuracy solutions are sought. For example, numerical errors accumulated while solving for determinantal configuration interaction wave functions via Davidson diagonalization may lead to spin contamination in the trial subspace. This spin contamination may cause the procedure to converge to roots with undesired ⟨Ŝ 2 ⟩, wasting computer time in the best case and leading to incorrect conclusions in the worst. In hopes of finding a suitable remedy, we investigate five purification schemes for ensuring that the eigenvectors have the desired ⟨Ŝ 2 ⟩. These schemes are based on projection, penalty, and iterative approaches. All of these schemes rely on a direct, graphics processing unit-accelerated algorithm for calculating the S 2 c matrix-vector product. We assess the computational cost and convergence behavior of these methods by application to several benchmark systems and find that the first-order spin penalty method is the optimal choice, though first-order and Löwdin projection approaches also provide fast convergence to the desired spin state. Finally, to demonstrate the utility of these approaches, we computed the lowest several excited states of an open-shell silver cluster (Ag 19 ) using the state-averaged complete active space self-consistent field method, where spin purification was required to ensure spin stability of the CI vector coefficients. Several low-lying states with significant multiply excited character are predicted, suggesting the value of a multireference approach for modeling plasmonic nanomaterials.

Determinantes de la demanda por Educación Superior en cinco regiones de Colombia

OpenAIRE

Giraldo Giraldo, María Paulina; Pareja Giraldo, Lady Carolina

2014-01-01

Este artículo estudia algunos de los determinantes de la demanda por educación superior en cinco regiones de Colombia -- Se utiliza información de la gran encuesta integrada de hogares (GEIH) para estimar un modelo Logit dicotómico por cada región, haciendo uso de las variables sociales y personales identificadas como determinantes, permitiendo realizar un análisis comparativo entre estos -- Los resultados del estudio sugieren que la edad, el ingreso percápita en los hogares y la educación de...

Estudio de determinantes sociales y estado de salud de la población

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Hilda María Delgado Acosta

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Fundamento: el estudio de las determinantes sociales de la salud constituye una herramienta esencial para modificar el estado de salud de las poblaciones. Objetivo: describir la expresión de algunas determinantes de la salud y su relación con indicadores de salud en el Área I del municipio Cienfuegos durante el año 2011. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo sobre la contribución de algunas determinantes sociales al estado de salud de la población del Área I del municipio Cienfuegos durante el año 2011. Para ello se tuvieron en cuenta indicadores demográficos, sociales, medioambientales, de estilos de vida y de la organización de los servicios de salud. Resultados: el Área I resultó ser desfavorecida en varias de las dimensiones estudiadas como: medio ambiente, y en la organización de los servicios de salud, con inestabilidad en el cumplimiento de consultas y terrenos e incremento de los casos vistos en los Servicios de Urgencia, se observó elevado porcentaje en la exposición a factores de riesgo cardiovascular con repercusión en la mortalidad dentro de las primeras causas de muerte sin dejar de destacar el incremento que hubo en la incidencia de enfermedades transmisibles como: tuberculosis, enfermedades diarreicas e infecciones de transmisión sexual. Conclusiones: existen evidencias que permiten encauzar acciones para modificar el estado de salud de la población del Área I del municipio Cienfuegos desde la expresión de sus determinantes, con énfasis en la organización de los servicios de salud.

Áreas de polígonos via determinantes

OpenAIRE

Zerbinatti, Paulo Henrique [UNESP

2015-01-01

The aim of this work is to present a study on areas of polygons through their vertex coordinates. We treat the subject using determinants of order 2 and basic Euclidean Geometry O objetivo deste trabalho e apresentar um estudo sobre o c alculo de areas de pol gonos atrav es das coordenadas de seus v ertices. Faremos isto utilizando determinantes de ordem 2 e conceitos b asicos de Geometria Euclidiana Plana

Non-colliding Brownian Motions and the Extended Tacnode Process

Science.gov (United States)

Johansson, Kurt

2013-04-01

We consider non-colliding Brownian motions with two starting points and two endpoints. The points are chosen so that the two groups of Brownian motions just touch each other, a situation that is referred to as a tacnode. The extended kernel for the determinantal point process at the tacnode point is computed using new methods and given in a different form from that obtained for a single time in previous work by Delvaux, Kuijlaars and Zhang. The form of the extended kernel is also different from that obtained for the extended tacnode kernel in another model by Adler, Ferrari and van Moerbeke. We also obtain the correlation kernel for a finite number of non-colliding Brownian motions starting at two points and ending at arbitrary points.

Bayesian analysis of Markov point processes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Berthelsen, Kasper Klitgaard; Møller, Jesper

2006-01-01

Recently Møller, Pettitt, Berthelsen and Reeves introduced a new MCMC methodology for drawing samples from a posterior distribution when the likelihood function is only specified up to a normalising constant. We illustrate the method in the setting of Bayesian inference for Markov point processes...... a partially ordered Markov point process as the auxiliary variable. As the method requires simulation from the "unknown" likelihood, perfect simulation algorithms for spatial point processes become useful....

State estimation for temporal point processes

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van Lieshout, Maria Nicolette Margaretha

2015-01-01

This paper is concerned with combined inference for point processes on the real line observed in a broken interval. For such processes, the classic history-based approach cannot be used. Instead, we adapt tools from sequential spatial point processes. For a range of models, the marginal and

Factores determinantes de la contaminación ambiental y del uso de los recursos naturales

OpenAIRE

Klaus Georg Binder

2002-01-01

Dentro de los factores determinantes de la utilización contaminante del medio ambiente y del uso de los recursos naturales encontramos: el crecimiento demográfico, el desarrollo económico (crecimiento económico, cambio de la estructura económica, progreso técnico, etc.) y la concentración espacial de la población y su actividad económica. A causa de la interdependencia entre los factores determinantes de la utilización del medio ambiente, no se puede decir que el crecimiento económico en los ...

Determinismo-indeterminismo y el debate de los determinantes-determinación social de la salud

OpenAIRE

Peñaranda, Fernando; Rendón, Carlos E

2013-01-01

El debate entre determinantes sociales de la salud o determinación social de la salud, promovido por la medicina social latinoamericana a raíz de la propuesta presentada por la Comisión sobre los Determinantes Sociales de la Salud de la OMS, pasa por analizar la tensión entre determinismo e indeterminismo y sus repercusiones para concebir la causalidad desde un punto de vista histórico y epistemológico. Este artículo presenta algunas tendencias sobre la visión cosmológica y epistemológica en ...

Tecnologia 3G como Determinante de Custos: estudo em uma operadora de telefonia móvel

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Marcos Antônio Souza

2015-08-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do artigo é verificar a influência da tecnologia 3G (tecnologia da terceira geração da telefonia móvel nos determinantes de custos de uma operadora de telefonia móvel localizada no Rio Grande do Sul. O estudo contempla os determinantes de custos sob a ótica e conceitos da vantagem competitiva desenvolvida por Porter (1989 e da gestão estratégica de custos discutida por Shank e Govindarajan (1997. Trata-se de um estudo de caso único, de natureza qualitativa e descritiva, desenvolvido no terceiro trimestre de 2013. A coleta e de dados deu-se por entrevistas semiestruturadas com gestores da empresa, análise documental e observações in loco. A análise dos dados ocorreu pelo confronto do conteúdo das três fontes utilizadas e em relação ao conteúdo apresentado pela literatura acerca do tema. Os principais achados da pesquisa indicam que a terceira geração da tecnologia da telefonia móvel desencadeou um processo de mudanças significativas em determinantes de custos estruturais e operacionais que, por conseguinte, refletiram na estrutura de custos da operadora e na alavancagem de receitas. A caracterização dessas mudanças evidencia consistência delas com a teoria desenvolvida sobre o tema determinantes de custos.

Residual analysis for spatial point processes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Baddeley, A.; Turner, R.; Møller, Jesper

We define residuals for point process models fitted to spatial point pattern data, and propose diagnostic plots based on these residuals. The techniques apply to any Gibbs point process model, which may exhibit spatial heterogeneity, interpoint interaction and dependence on spatial covariates. Ou...... or covariate effects. Q-Q plots of the residuals are effective in diagnosing interpoint interaction. Some existing ad hoc statistics of point patterns (quadrat counts, scan statistic, kernel smoothed intensity, Berman's diagnostic) are recovered as special cases....

DETERMINANTES DE LA PROBABILIDAD DE CIERRE DE NUEVAS EMPRESAS EN BOGOTÁ

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JUAN FELIPE PARRA

2011-01-01

Full Text Available El artículo analiza los determinantes de la probabilidad de cerrar una firma nueva en el mercado antes de que alcance sus primeros cinco años de actividades. Se estudian las condiciones macroeconómicas y microeconómicas que experimentaron estas empresas en Bogotá durante su primer lustro. El estudio revela que hay indicios para afirmar que el tamaño óptimo de entrada es el de pequeña y mediana empresa (PYMEs. Entre los principales hallazgos de la investigación están, en primer lugar, que las empresas más proclives a la quiebra prematura son las microempresas, en segundo lugar, para algunas empresas el endeudamiento moderado puede ser útil para apalancarse, pero el alto endeudamiento, finalmente, se verificó que, tanto el sector económico, como la localidad en la que abre sus puertas la nueva empresa, son determinantes en su probabilidad de cerrar antes de los primeros cinco años.

Determinantal and worldline quantum Monte Carlo methods for many-body systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vekic, M.; White, S.R.

1993-01-01

We examine three different quantum Monte Carlo methods for studying systems of interacting particles. The determinantal quantum Monte Carlo method is compared to two different worldline simulations. The first worldline method consists of a simulation carried out in the real-space basis, while the second method is implemented using as basis the eigenstates of the Hamiltonian on blocks of the two-dimensional lattice. We look, in particular, at the Hubbard model on a 4x4 lattice with periodic boundary conditions. The block method is superior to the real-space method in terms of the computational cost of the simulation, but shows a much worse negative sign problem. For larger values of U and away from half-filling it is found that the real-space method can provide results at lower temperatures than the determinantal method. We show that the sign problem in the block method can be slightly improved by an appropriate choice of basis

Modeling fixation locations using spatial point processes.

Science.gov (United States)

Barthelmé, Simon; Trukenbrod, Hans; Engbert, Ralf; Wichmann, Felix

2013-10-01

Whenever eye movements are measured, a central part of the analysis has to do with where subjects fixate and why they fixated where they fixated. To a first approximation, a set of fixations can be viewed as a set of points in space; this implies that fixations are spatial data and that the analysis of fixation locations can be beneficially thought of as a spatial statistics problem. We argue that thinking of fixation locations as arising from point processes is a very fruitful framework for eye-movement data, helping turn qualitative questions into quantitative ones. We provide a tutorial introduction to some of the main ideas of the field of spatial statistics, focusing especially on spatial Poisson processes. We show how point processes help relate image properties to fixation locations. In particular we show how point processes naturally express the idea that image features' predictability for fixations may vary from one image to another. We review other methods of analysis used in the literature, show how they relate to point process theory, and argue that thinking in terms of point processes substantially extends the range of analyses that can be performed and clarify their interpretation.

Los determinantes de la orientación exportadora y los resultados en las pymes exportadoras en Colombia

OpenAIRE

Diana Marcela Escandón Barbosa; Andrea Hurtado Ayala

2014-01-01

Partiendo del concepto de orientación al mercado definido en el campo del marketing internacional, este artículo analiza los factores determinantes de la orientación exportadora y su influencia en los resulta- dos empresariales de las pymes exportadoras en Colombia. A partir de una encuesta realizada en 2011 a 297 pymes manufactureras colombianas, se estima un modelo de redes neuronales tipo perceptrón mul- ticapa para establecer la importancia de los determinantes de la orientación exportado...

Mechanistic spatio-temporal point process models for marked point processes, with a view to forest stand data

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Møller, Jesper; Ghorbani, Mohammad; Rubak, Ege Holger

We show how a spatial point process, where to each point there is associated a random quantitative mark, can be identified with a spatio-temporal point process specified by a conditional intensity function. For instance, the points can be tree locations, the marks can express the size of trees......, and the conditional intensity function can describe the distribution of a tree (i.e., its location and size) conditionally on the larger trees. This enable us to construct parametric statistical models which are easily interpretable and where likelihood-based inference is tractable. In particular, we consider maximum...

Determinantes do desenvolvimento do setor agropecuário nos municípios

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Caio César de Medeiros Costa

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Dada a importância do setor agropecuário para a economia brasileira, é fundamental conhecer os fatores determinantes do desenvolvimento agropecuário em seus municípios. Sob a luz de referencial teórico que aborda questões relacionadas aos fatores determinantes do desenvolvimento agropecuário e do desenvolvimento econômico local, neste estudo fez-se uso das metodologias de análise multivariada conhecidas como análise fatorial e análise de cluster. Utilizou-se o estado de Minas Gerais como recorte analítico. Foram selecionadas 22 variáveis para cada município, representando diferentes dimensões do desenvolvimento, visando verificar quais os fatores determinantes do desenvolvimento agropecuário. Após a análise fatorial, optou-se pela extração de seis fatores com raiz característica maior do que um e que respondem, em conjunto, por 62,25% da variância total dos dados: desenvolvimento econômico, investimento público, qualidade de vida, condições da atividade agropecuária, condições de meio ambiente e consumo, e condições de financiamento. Pela análise de cluster, foram criados cinco grupos, de acordo com o desempenho dos membros nos fatores. Os resultados corroboram os apontamentos literários em quase sua totalidade e, além disso, destaca-se e discute-se a existência de um ciclo positivo gerado pelo incremento dos fatores determinantes do desenvolvimento agropecuário e pelas vantagens competitivas. Neste estudo, aponta-se a importância do investimento público na promoção do desenvolvimento, reforçando o proposto por trabalhos anteriores de que o Estado desempenha papel fundamental para garantir condições que propiciem o desenvolvimento do setor agropecuário. Outra constatação factível é a de que fatores isolados, tais como as boas condições da agricultura e do meio ambiente, não são capazes de propiciar desenvolvimento para o setor nos municípios mineiros.

Determinantes sociais da saude e o Programa Saude da Familia no municipio de Sao Paulo

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Tatiana Pluciennik Dowbor

2013-08-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO Analisar a situação do trabalho com determinantes sociais da saúde no âmbito do Programa Saúde da Família. MÉTODOS Estudo de caso com métodos mistos de pesquisa, ancorados em estratégia sequencial explanatória, com 171 gerentes das unidades do Programa Saúde da Família em São Paulo, SP, em 2005/2006. Questionários autopreenchíveis foram aplicados. Entrevistas semiestruturadas e grupos focais foram realizados com amostra intencional de profissionais envolvidos no trabalho com determinantes sociais da saúde. Os dados quantitativos foram analisados por análise descritiva, análise de correspondência múltipla, análise de agrupamento e testes de correlação entre variáveis. Os dados qualitativos foram apurados por análise de conteúdo e a criação de categorias temáticas. RESULTADOS Apesar da concentração de atividades direcionadas ao cuidado com a doença, o Programa Saúde da Família realizou atividades relacionadas à determinação social da saúde, contemplando todas as formas de abordagem da promoção da saúde (biológico, comportamental, psicológico, social e estrutural e os principais determinantes sociais da saúde descritos na literatura. Houve diferença significativa quanto à abrangência dos determinantes trabalhados nas unidades em relação às diferentes regiões do município. Constatou-se fragilidade das iniciativas e a sua desconexão com a estrutura programática do Programa Saúde da Família. CONCLUSÕES A quantidade e variedade de atividades com determinantes sociais da saúde realizadas no Programa Saúde da Família mostram potencial para trabalhar a determinação social da saúde. Mas a fluidez de objetivo e o caráter extraordinário das atividades descritas questionam sua sustentabilidade como parte integral da atual estrutura organizacional do programa.

Determinantes de la fusiones y adquisiciones en el sistema financiero colombiano. 1990-2007.

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Andres Felipe García

2010-05-01

Full Text Available Para el caso colombiano se han analizado de manera amplia los efectos de la quiebra y la fusión de las instituciones financieras; sin embargo, no se contaba con un estudio microeconometrico para determinar los determinantes de este tipo de operaciones. Este documento se concentra en determinar cuáles son las variables claves que incentivan la participación de las instituciones financieras en operaciones de integración, mediante la estimación de modelos de duración. Se encuentra que el buen desempeño de las armas reduce la probabilidad de fusión o adquisición de instituciones financieras y que variables macroeconómicas como el crecimiento y la concentración del mercado son  determinantes de estas.

Determinantes sociales de la salud y el trabajo informal

OpenAIRE

Consuelo Vélez Álvarez; María del Pilar Escobar Potes; María Eugenia Pico Merchán

2013-01-01

Objetivo: Describir elementos teóricos sobre los determinantes sociales de la salud en la población trabajadora informal y condiciones sociales, modos de vida y repercusiones en el proceso salud-enfermedad. Estrategia de búsqueda: Búsqueda sistemática en bases de datos especializadas (Ovid, Proquest, Hinary, Medline, LILACS, Literatura gris). Se utilizaron las siguientes palabras claves: condiciones sociales, factores socioeconómicos, fuerza de trabajo, empleo; de igual forma se retoman texto...

Testing Local Independence between Two Point Processes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Allard, Denis; Brix, Anders; Chadæuf, Joël

2001-01-01

Independence test, Inhomogeneous point processes, Local test, Monte Carlo, Nonstationary, Rotations, Spatial pattern, Tiger bush......Independence test, Inhomogeneous point processes, Local test, Monte Carlo, Nonstationary, Rotations, Spatial pattern, Tiger bush...

Determinantes y perfiles de la participacion laboral en Colombia en el periodo 2002-2013

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nestor Ivan Gonzalez-Quintero

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Para establecer los determinantes de la participación laboral en Colombia, sobre una muestra de individuos con representatividad nacional, así como el aporte de cada uno de estos determinantes a la dinámica de la tasa de participación en el periodo 2002-2013, se estiman modelos tipo probit y se establecen perfiles de participación, a partir de las probabilidades estimadas, condicionadas para cuatro grupos de mujeres y hombres en diferentes rangos de edad. Se concluye que alcanzar niveles de educación superior, contar con un ingreso por pensión y la presencia de menores en el hogar son factores importantes para explicar tal dinámica.

El capital humano como factor determinante de la absorción de conocimiento en la industria farmacéutica mexicana

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Herlinda Canto Valencia

2016-03-01

Full Text Available La capacidad de absorción, entendida como la apropiación de conocimiento externo para mejorar la innovación de las empresas cuando los determinantes internos son favorables, ha cobrado interés en la última década a nivel mundial. El objetivo de la investigación cuantitativa no experimental, transversal, correlacional-causal es evaluar la relación existente entre la capacidad de absorción potencial del conocimiento externo en sus dos dimensiones: adquirida y asimilada, con el capital humano, que es un determinante que la empresa posee. Llegando a la conclusión de que existe una relación positiva y significativa entre el determinante interno capital humano y la capacidad de absorción potencial.

Dew point vs bubble point : a misunderstood constraint on gravity drainage processes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nenninger, J. [N-Solv Corp., Calgary, AB (Canada); Gunnewiek, L. [Hatch Ltd., Mississauga, ON (Canada)

2009-07-01

This study demonstrated that gravity drainage processes that use blended fluids such as solvents have an inherently unstable material balance due to differences between dew point and bubble point compositions. The instability can lead to the accumulation of volatile components within the chamber, and impair mass and heat transfer processes. Case studies were used to demonstrate the large temperature gradients within the vapour chamber caused by temperature differences between the bubble point and dew point for blended fluids. A review of published data showed that many experiments on in-situ processes do not account for unstable material balances caused by a lack of steam trap control. A study of temperature profiles during steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) studies showed significant temperature depressions caused by methane accumulations at the outside perimeter of the steam chamber. It was demonstrated that the condensation of large volumes of purified solvents provided an efficient mechanism for the removal of methane from the chamber. It was concluded that gravity drainage processes can be optimized by using pure propane during the injection process. 22 refs., 1 tab., 18 figs.

Modelo de organização de indicadores para operacionalização dos determinantes socioambientais da saúde Model of organization of indicators for operationalizing the social-environmental determinants of health

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André Sobral

2010-03-01

Full Text Available O tema dos determinantes sociais e suas relações com o processo saúde-doença entre diferentes grupos populacionais é de grande relevância para a Saúde Pública e vêm ganhando cada vez mais destaque. Nesse processo, modelos teórico-conceituais vêm sendo adotados para explicar como os determinantes sociais geram iniquidades em saúde, de modo a subsidiar ações voltadas para as "causas das causas" e indicadores relacionados aos diferentes determinantes vêm sendo organizados por meio de metodologias que possibilitem análises integradas. Apesar desses avanços, os problemas ambientais que hoje se constituem em importantes elementos indutores da geração de doenças por meio da degradação dos ecossistemas e das mudanças climáticas têm sido pouco considerados como determinantes ambientais da saúde em conjunto com os sociais. Este artigo tem o objetivo de ampliar as discussões teóricas sobre os determinantes socioambientais da saúde, apresentando, para isso, uma metodologia de organização de indicadores de saúde ambiental denominada Força Motriz-Pressão-Situação-Exposição-Efeito-Ação, a fim de operacionalizar os determinantes sociais da saúde.The theme of social determinants and their relationship to the health-disease process in different population groups is highly relevant to public health and has been attracting increasing attention. In this process, theoretical-conceptual models have been adopted to explain how social determinants generate inequalities in health. Such models aim at supporting measures focusing on 'causes of the causes', while indicators related to different determinants have been organized by means of methodologies that allow integrated analyses. Despite such progress, environmental problems that currently constitute important disease-generating factors through ecosystem degradation and climate changes have received little attention as environmental determinants of health, jointly with social

DETERMINANTES DEL PRECIO DE VIVIENDAS EN LA REGIÓN METROPOLITANA DE CHILE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andrés Sagner T

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo analiza econométricamente los factores que determinaron la dinámi-ca de precios del sector residencial en la región metropolitana de Chile durante elperiodo 1990-2007. Los resultados muestran que la antigüedad y superficie son de-terminantes estadísticamente significativos en la formación del precio; el acceso aestaciones del Metro tiende a capitalizarse de forma no lineal, y tanto el ingreso delhogar como el agregado son variables económicamente significativas. La descompo-sición de precios revela que entre 68 a 71% del monto es explicado por determinantesrelacionados con los atributos de la propiedad, mientras que cerca de 68% del creci-miento observado entre 1990 y 2007 es consecuencia de determinantes macrofinan-cieros. Durante el periodo 2006-2007 la evolución de precios inmobiliarios no difierede manera significativa de la predicha por el modelo. Los resultados encontrados sonrobustos a estimaciones por tipo de vivienda y subperiodos muestrales.

Determinantes sociais da saúde e qualidade de vida de cuidadores de crianças com câncer

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rebeca Silveira Rocha

Full Text Available RESUMO Objetivo Associar os determinantes sociais de saúde e a qualidade de vida de cuidadores de crianças com câncer. Métodos Estudo transversal, realizado em centro pediátrico do câncer, em Fortaleza/CE, com 176 participantes, durante novembro e dezembro/2013. Utilizou-se questionário contendo determinantes sociais de saúde e World Health Quality of Life-Bref para a avaliação da qualidade de vida. Foram correlacionados os determinantes com as médias dos domínios da qualidade de vida, utilizando a análise de variância (ANOVA. Resultados Houve significância estatística na associação entre o domínio das relações sociais e a escolaridade (p=0,01792 e entre o domínio psicossocial e o sexo do cuidador (p=0,01901. Os cuidadores do sexo masculino, nível educacional alto, mais jovens, casados, do lar e procedentes do interior possuem melhor qualidade de vida. Conclusão O estudo permitiu a compreensão da influência dos determinantes sociais de saúde na qualidade de vida de cuidadores de crianças com câncer.

Determinantes biopsicossociais que predizem qualidade de vida em pessoas que vivem com HIV/AIDS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bruno Medeiros

2013-12-01

Full Text Available O advento da terapia antirretroviral trouxe a necessidade de se compreender os determinantes psicossociais envolvidos na avaliação de qualidade de vida em pessoas que vivem com HIV/AIDS. O objetivo desse estudo é investigar os determinantes psicossociais e clínicos envolvidos na avaliação de qualidade de vida nesse grupo social. Esta pesquisa envolveu 90 pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS (média de idade de 33,7 anos, DP = 6,6. Um questionário sócio-demográfico e clínico e o WHOQOL-BREF constituíram os principais métodos. Análises descritivas, comparações entre médias de grupos-critério e análise de regressão foram utilizadas. Os resultados demonstram melhor qualidade de vida entre os que estavam satisfeitos com os serviços de saúde do hospital, bem como os principais determinantes para a avaliação de qualidade de vida são a dimensão psicológica, contagens de células CD4 e a dimensão ambiental. Essa pesquisa sugere a elaboração de políticas públicas de saúde em HIV/AIDS que englobem os fatores psicossociais.

Fixed-point signal processing

CERN Document Server

Padgett, Wayne T

2009-01-01

This book is intended to fill the gap between the ""ideal precision"" digital signal processing (DSP) that is widely taught, and the limited precision implementation skills that are commonly required in fixed-point processors and field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). These skills are often neglected at the university level, particularly for undergraduates. We have attempted to create a resource both for a DSP elective course and for the practicing engineer with a need to understand fixed-point implementation. Although we assume a background in DSP, Chapter 2 contains a review of basic theory

Shot-noise-weighted processes : a new family of spatial point processes

NARCIS (Netherlands)

M.N.M. van Lieshout (Marie-Colette); I.S. Molchanov (Ilya)

1995-01-01

textabstractThe paper suggests a new family of of spatial point processes distributions. They are defined by means of densities with respect to the Poisson point process within a bounded set. These densities are given in terms of a functional of the shot-noise process with a given influence

Factores determinantes de la contaminación ambiental y del uso de los recursos naturales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Klaus Georg Binder

2002-10-01

Full Text Available Dentro de los factores determinantes de la utilización contaminante del medio ambiente y del uso de los recursos naturales encontramos: el crecimiento demográfico, el desarrollo económico (crecimiento económico, cambio de la estructura económica, progreso técnico, etc. y la concentración espacial de la población y su actividad económica. A causa de la interdependencia entre los factores determinantes de la utilización del medio ambiente, no se puede decir que el crecimiento económico en los países en desarrollo siempre aumente el uso de los recursos naturales y tenga un impacto negativo sobre la calidad del medio ambiente. La afirmación según la cual todo crecimiento económico implica impactos negativos sobre el medio ambiente, se basa en supuestos poco realistas. La magnitud de la economía es solamente uno de los factores que determinan la utilización del medio ambiente. La pregunta decisiva es si los factores determinantes que, tendencialmente, causan una disminución de la utilización del medio ambiente por unidad del producto interno bruto, puedan compensar con creces los impactos negativos del crecimiento económico.

La salud en la población inmigrante : la política como determinante social de la salud

OpenAIRE

González González, Javier

2013-01-01

Profundizar en el conocimiento de los Determinantes Estructurales de las Desigualdades de Salud con el fin de analizar su amplitud, estructura y consecuencias sobre la salud de la población inmigrante, a través del Modelo Conceptual de los Determinantes Sociales de las Desigualdades en Salud, es el objetivo principal de esta monografía. El concepto de salud adquiere diferentes significados dependiendo del contexto y de las personas. Es un derecho reconocido, así lo establece la Organización M...

Self-exciting point process in modeling earthquake occurrences

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pratiwi, H.; Slamet, I.; Respatiwulan; Saputro, D. R. S.

2017-01-01

In this paper, we present a procedure for modeling earthquake based on spatial-temporal point process. The magnitude distribution is expressed as truncated exponential and the event frequency is modeled with a spatial-temporal point process that is characterized uniquely by its associated conditional intensity process. The earthquakes can be regarded as point patterns that have a temporal clustering feature so we use self-exciting point process for modeling the conditional intensity function. The choice of main shocks is conducted via window algorithm by Gardner and Knopoff and the model can be fitted by maximum likelihood method for three random variables. (paper)

Infobarris: una herramienta interactiva para monitorizar y divulgar información sobre la salud y sus determinantes en los barrios de Barcelona

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pere Llimona

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Para conocer la salud de la población es necesario realizar un análisis conjunto y continuado de su estado de salud y de sus determinantes. El objetivo de esta nota de campo es describir el desarrollo y el funcionamiento de la herramienta Infobarris, que permite visualizar una amplia batería de indicadores y determinantes de la salud de la población de la ciudad de Barcelona según el barrio de residencia. Para el desarrollo de Infobarris se ha usado una metodología ágil que permite el desarrollo de un proyecto de forma iterativa e incremental en etapas: selección de indicadores, diseño del prototipo, desarrollo de la herramienta de visualización, carga de datos, revisión y mejora de la herramienta. Infobarris permite la visualización interactiva de 64 indicadores de salud y de sus determinantes, mediante gráficos, mapas y tablas, lo que facilita la vigilancia de la salud y de sus determinantes en los barrios de la ciudad de Barcelona.

Determinantes sociales en el deporte adaptado en la etapa de formación deportiva. un enfoque cuantitativo

OpenAIRE

Neira Tolosa, Nury Angelica; Alvis Gomez, Karim Martina

2013-01-01

Objetivo Identificar y analizar cuantitativamente los determinantes sociales que influyen en la inclusión/ exclusión de la población adolescente en situación de discapacidad al deporte de alto rendimiento.Método Estudio descriptivo de orden transversal, en 19 deportistas entre los 12-19 años de edad con discapacidad física y sensorial y 17 funcionarios del Instituto Distrital de Recreación y Deporte. Con aplicación de encuestas tipo Likert para cuatro categorías de análisis: Determinantes de ...

Determinantes de las dotaciones para los deterioros de las inversiones crediticias: ciclo contable, ciclo económico, morosidad

OpenAIRE

Climent Serrano, Salvador

2015-01-01

Este trabajo estudia los determinantes de las dotaciones para provisiones del deterioro de créditos en las entidades de crédito españolas desde 1983 al segundo trimestre de 2013. Como determinantes resultan significativos, además de la morosidad, las provisiones genéricas, el margen de interés, la estacionalidad centrada en el cuarto trimestre y los periodos de crisis. Al ser un periodo extenso en el que la economía ha tenido hasta cuatro ciclos, se estudian cómo actúan los ...

Estimating Function Approaches for Spatial Point Processes

Science.gov (United States)

Deng, Chong

Spatial point pattern data consist of locations of events that are often of interest in biological and ecological studies. Such data are commonly viewed as a realization from a stochastic process called spatial point process. To fit a parametric spatial point process model to such data, likelihood-based methods have been widely studied. However, while maximum likelihood estimation is often too computationally intensive for Cox and cluster processes, pairwise likelihood methods such as composite likelihood, Palm likelihood usually suffer from the loss of information due to the ignorance of correlation among pairs. For many types of correlated data other than spatial point processes, when likelihood-based approaches are not desirable, estimating functions have been widely used for model fitting. In this dissertation, we explore the estimating function approaches for fitting spatial point process models. These approaches, which are based on the asymptotic optimal estimating function theories, can be used to incorporate the correlation among data and yield more efficient estimators. We conducted a series of studies to demonstrate that these estmating function approaches are good alternatives to balance the trade-off between computation complexity and estimating efficiency. First, we propose a new estimating procedure that improves the efficiency of pairwise composite likelihood method in estimating clustering parameters. Our approach combines estimating functions derived from pairwise composite likeli-hood estimation and estimating functions that account for correlations among the pairwise contributions. Our method can be used to fit a variety of parametric spatial point process models and can yield more efficient estimators for the clustering parameters than pairwise composite likelihood estimation. We demonstrate its efficacy through a simulation study and an application to the longleaf pine data. Second, we further explore the quasi-likelihood approach on fitting

Determinantes do desenvolvimento do setor agropecuário nos municípios Determinantes del desarrollo del sector agrícola-ganadero en los municipios Determinants of the development of the agricultural sector in municipalities

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Caio César de Medeiros Costa

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Dada a importância do setor agropecuário para a economia brasileira, é fundamental conhecer os fatores determinantes do desenvolvimento agropecuário em seus municípios. Sob a luz de referencial teórico que aborda questões relacionadas aos fatores determinantes do desenvolvimento agropecuário e do desenvolvimento econômico local, neste estudo fez-se uso das metodologias de análise multivariada conhecidas como análise fatorial e análise de cluster. Utilizou-se o estado de Minas Gerais como recorte analítico. Foram selecionadas 22 variáveis para cada município, representando diferentes dimensões do desenvolvimento, visando verificar quais os fatores determinantes do desenvolvimento agropecuário. Após a análise fatorial, optou-se pela extração de seis fatores com raiz característica maior do que um e que respondem, em conjunto, por 62,25% da variância total dos dados: desenvolvimento econômico, investimento público, qualidade de vida, condições da atividade agropecuária, condições de meio ambiente e consumo, e condições de financiamento. Pela análise de cluster, foram criados cinco grupos, de acordo com o desempenho dos membros nos fatores. Os resultados corroboram os apontamentos literários em quase sua totalidade e, além disso, destaca-se e discute-se a existência de um ciclo positivo gerado pelo incremento dos fatores determinantes do desenvolvimento agropecuário e pelas vantagens competitivas. Neste estudo, aponta-se a importância do investimento público na promoção do desenvolvimento, reforçando o proposto por trabalhos anteriores de que o Estado desempenha papel fundamental para garantir condições que propiciem o desenvolvimento do setor agropecuário. Outra constatação factível é a de que fatores isolados, tais como as boas condições da agricultura e do meio ambiente, não são capazes de propiciar desenvolvimento para o setor nos municípios mineiros.Dada la importancia de la agricultura y de

SHAPE FROM TEXTURE USING LOCALLY SCALED POINT PROCESSES

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Eva-Maria Didden

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Shape from texture refers to the extraction of 3D information from 2D images with irregular texture. This paper introduces a statistical framework to learn shape from texture where convex texture elements in a 2D image are represented through a point process. In a first step, the 2D image is preprocessed to generate a probability map corresponding to an estimate of the unnormalized intensity of the latent point process underlying the texture elements. The latent point process is subsequently inferred from the probability map in a non-parametric, model free manner. Finally, the 3D information is extracted from the point pattern by applying a locally scaled point process model where the local scaling function represents the deformation caused by the projection of a 3D surface onto a 2D image.

Processing Terrain Point Cloud Data

KAUST Repository

DeVore, Ronald

2013-01-10

Terrain point cloud data are typically acquired through some form of Light Detection And Ranging sensing. They form a rich resource that is important in a variety of applications including navigation, line of sight, and terrain visualization. Processing terrain data has not received the attention of other forms of surface reconstruction or of image processing. The goal of terrain data processing is to convert the point cloud into a succinct representation system that is amenable to the various application demands. The present paper presents a platform for terrain processing built on the following principles: (i) measuring distortion in the Hausdorff metric, which we argue is a good match for the application demands, (ii) a multiscale representation based on tree approximation using local polynomial fitting. The basic elements held in the nodes of the tree can be efficiently encoded, transmitted, visualized, and utilized for the various target applications. Several challenges emerge because of the variable resolution of the data, missing data, occlusions, and noise. Techniques for identifying and handling these challenges are developed. © 2013 Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics.

Ahorro para el retiro en Colombia: patrones y determinantes

OpenAIRE

Guataquí, Juan; Rodríguez Acosta, Mauricio; Garcia-Suaza, Andres

2009-01-01

La decisión de los individuos acerca del ahorro para el retiro ha sido abordada teóricamente bajo la hipótesis de que el sistema de seguridad social se comporta como un sustituto de otros mecanismos de ahorro. Este documento presenta evidencia de los patrones y determinantes del ahorro para el retiro en Colombia a partir de la Gran Encuesta Integrada de Hogares de 2007. Los resultados muestran que el 63% de los ocupados declaran no ahorrar para su vejez. A partir de modelos de selección d...

Obesidad y Mercado de Trabajo: Factores Determinantes e Implicaciones

OpenAIRE

Benítez Llamazares, Nuria

2016-01-01

El sobrepeso y la obesidad se definen de acuerdo con la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) como “una acumulación anormal o excesiva de grasa que puede ser perjudicial para la salud”. Ambos conceptos, sobrepeso y obesidad, son considerados factores determinantes de riesgo en la salud de la población y en las últimas décadas hemos visto cómo los porcentajes de población con sobrepeso y obesidad se han incrementado de forma alarmante, especialmente en los países desarrollados....

Transforming spatial point processes into Poisson processes using random superposition

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Møller, Jesper; Berthelsen, Kasper Klitgaaard

with a complementary spatial point process Y  to obtain a Poisson process X∪Y  with intensity function β. Underlying this is a bivariate spatial birth-death process (Xt,Yt) which converges towards the distribution of (X,Y). We study the joint distribution of X and Y, and their marginal and conditional distributions....... In particular, we introduce a fast and easy simulation procedure for Y conditional on X. This may be used for model checking: given a model for the Papangelou intensity of the original spatial point process, this model is used to generate the complementary process, and the resulting superposition is a Poisson...... process with intensity function β if and only if the true Papangelou intensity is used. Whether the superposition is actually such a Poisson process can easily be examined using well known results and fast simulation procedures for Poisson processes. We illustrate this approach to model checking...

Scattering analysis of point processes and random measures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hanisch, K.H.

1984-01-01

In the present paper scattering analysis of point processes and random measures is studied. Known formulae which connect the scattering intensity with the pair distribution function of the studied structures are proved in a rigorous manner with tools of the theory of point processes and random measures. For some special fibre processes the scattering intensity is computed. For a class of random measures, namely for 'grain-germ-models', a new formula is proved which yields the pair distribution function of the 'grain-germ-model' in terms of the pair distribution function of the underlying point process (the 'germs') and of the mean structure factor and the mean squared structure factor of the particles (the 'grains'). (author)

Determinantes sociales y estado de la dentición en escolares de San Felipe del Progreso, estado de México

OpenAIRE

Eveline Contreras Huerta; Cristina Sifuentes Valenzuela; Javier de la Fuente-Hernández; Laura Susana Acosta-Torres; María del Carmen Villanueva Vilchis

2015-01-01

Los determinantes sociales son aquellas condiciones sociales de desarrollo que impactan la salud. Existe asociación entre algunos problemas bucales con una inequitativa distribución económica. Objetivo : Identificar la asocia - ción entre algunos determinantes sociales y la experiencia de caries en niños de San Felipe del Progreso. Metodología: Estudio transversal. Se seleccionaron 83 niños de 6 a 12 años y se les aplicó un cuestionario socio-demográfico. Se evaluó la experiencia de carie...

Determinantes sociais e saúde bucal de adultos nas capitais do Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Roberto Eduardo Bueno

2014-07-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Investigar a correlação entre o índice Determinantes Sociais de Saúde Bucal (DSSB e indicadores sociais, indicadores de saúde bucal e determinantes sociais intermediários, representados pelos indicadores da Política Nacional de Saúde Bucal. MÉTODOS: Este estudo ecológico abrangeu 5 915 adultos de 35 a 44 anos em 27 capitais no Brasil. Os indicadores de desfechos em saúde bucal - perda dentária, dentes restaurados e Índice de Cuidados Odontológicos (ICO - foram obtidos do levantamento epidemiológico SB Brasil 2010. Os indicadores sociais (determinantes sociais estruturais e da Política Nacional de Saúde Bucal foram obtidos de censos demográficos e do Ministério da Saúde. RESULTADOS: Uma correlação de Pearson (r moderada foi observada entre o índice DSSB e ICO (r = 0,580, dentes restaurados (r = 0,545 e perda dentária (r = - 0,490. Houve uma correlação forte do componente equidade social com o ICO (r = 0,856, dentes restaurados (r = 0,822 e perda dentária (r = -0,665. Não houve associação estatisticamente significativa desses desfechos em saúde bucal com os componentes relativos à atenção primária e secundária à saúde bucal. O componente equidade social explicou 44% da variância da perda dentária, 68% da variância de dentes restaurados e 73% da variância do ICO. CONCLUSÕES: O índice DSSB e seu componente equidade social se correlacionaram significativamente com desfechos em saúde bucal de adultos nas capitais brasileiras. Portanto, políticas equitativas devem priorizar ações direcionadas aos DSSB, tais como ampliação da cobertura de saneamento e de água fluoretada, e redução da pobreza e das iniquidades regionais.

Point cloud processing for smart systems

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jaromír Landa

2013-01-01

Full Text Available High population as well as the economical tension emphasises the necessity of effective city management – from land use planning to urban green maintenance. The management effectiveness is based on precise knowledge of the city environment. Point clouds generated by mobile and terrestrial laser scanners provide precise data about objects in the scanner vicinity. From these data pieces the state of the roads, buildings, trees and other objects important for this decision-making process can be obtained. Generally, they can support the idea of “smart” or at least “smarter” cities.Unfortunately the point clouds do not provide this type of information automatically. It has to be extracted. This extraction is done by expert personnel or by object recognition software. As the point clouds can represent large areas (streets or even cities, usage of expert personnel to identify the required objects can be very time-consuming, therefore cost ineffective. Object recognition software allows us to detect and identify required objects semi-automatically or automatically.The first part of the article reviews and analyses the state of current art point cloud object recognition techniques. The following part presents common formats used for point cloud storage and frequently used software tools for point cloud processing. Further, a method for extraction of geospatial information about detected objects is proposed. Therefore, the method can be used not only to recognize the existence and shape of certain objects, but also to retrieve their geospatial properties. These objects can be later directly used in various GIS systems for further analyses.

Determinantes sociais e psicológicos do comportamento alimentar infantil

OpenAIRE

Andrade, Maria da Graça Massano de Amorim de Mavigné, 1961-

2014-01-01

Tese de doutoramento, Psicologia (Psicologia da Saúde), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, 2014 A redução da taxa de crescimento da obesidade infantil é um dos principais objetivos de saúde, a nível nacional e internacional, o que reforça a importância da aquisição de hábitos alimentares saudáveis nos primeiros anos da infância. Uma vasta evidência empírica aponta para a influência de uma multiplicidade de determinantes do comportamento alimentar infantil, sendo contudo neces...

Determinantes del ingreso y del gasto corriente de los hogares

OpenAIRE

Muñoz C., Manuel

2004-01-01

Este ensayo de investigación empírica analiza los determinantes del ingreso y del gasto en los hogares colombianos. Utilizando un modelo del ciclo de vida con datos de la encuesta de hogares de 1994 y 1995, muestra que el comportamiento del ingreso está afectado principalmente por las características demográficas del hogar y los rasgos socio ocupacionales de sus miembros. El comportamiento del gasto está determinado ante todo por el ingreso y, en menor medida, por las características sociales...

DETERMINANTES DEL ACCESO AL CRÉDITO DE LOS HOGARES COLOMBIANOS

OpenAIRE

Andrés Murcia Pabón

2007-01-01

Este documento busca identificar los determinantes de acceso al crédito de los hogares colombianos y encuentra que características tales como el ingreso, la riqueza, la posición geográfica, el acceso a la seguridad social, el nivel de educación y la edad afectan la probabilidad de ser usuario de los servicios financieros acá analizados (tarjeta de crédito y crédito hipotecario). Adicionalmente se encontró que una porción importante de población cuenta con unas condiciones financieras favorabl...

Determinantes da tensão do cuidador familiar de idosos dependentes Determinantes de la tensión del cuidador familiar de ancianos dependientes Determinatives of family caregiver's tension while caring the dependent elderly

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria das Graças Melo Fernandes

2009-02-01

Full Text Available Este estudo objetivou investigar os determinantes da tensão do cuidador familiar de idosos dependentes. Sua efetividade se deu no cenário domiciliar, envolvendo trinta cuidadoras principais. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista estruturada gravada. A análise dos dados objetivos foi feita mediante uma abordagem quantitativa. Os dados discursivos, coletados por meio da gravação da entrevista, por serem apreendidos a partir de um instrumento estruturado, dispensaram procedimento analítico, sendo distribuídos entre as questões a que se referiam no sentido de ampliar sua compreensão. Os resultados apontam que o fenômeno investigado se origina a partir de determinantes relacionados ao cuidador, aos déficits do idoso, à interação idoso/cuidador, ao ambiente, e às demandas de cuidado.Este estudio objetivó investigar los determinantes de la tensión del cuidador familiar de ancianos dependientes. Su efectividad se dio en el escenario domiciliar, envolviendo a treinta cuidadoras principales. Los datos fueron colectados por medio de entrevista estructurada grabada. El análisis de los datos objetivos fue hecho mediante un abordaje cuantitativo. Los datos discursivos, colectados por medio de la grabación de la entrevista, por ser aprehendidos a partir de un instrumento estructurado, dispensaron procedimiento analítico, siendo distribuidos entre las cuestiones a que se referían en el sentido de ampliar su comprensión. Los resultados apuntan que el fenómeno investigado se origina a partir de determinantes relacionados al cuidador, a los déficits del anciano, a la interacción anciano/cuidador, al ambiente, y a las demandas de cuidado.This study had as objective investigate the determinatives of the tension of the dependent elderly's family caregiver. Its accomplish happened in the domestic scenery, involving thirty principal caregivers. The data were collected by a recorded and estructured interview. The analyses of the

Determinantes da tensão do cuidador familiar de idosos dependentes Determinantes de la tensión del cuidador familiar de ancianos dependientes Determinatives of the tension of the dependent elderly's family caregiver

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria das Graças Melo Fernandes

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Este estudo objetivou investigar os determinantes da tensão do cuidador familiar de idosos dependentes. Sua efetividade se deu no cenário domiciliar, envolvendo trinta cuidadoras principais. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista estruturada gravada. A análise dos dados objetivos foi feita mediante uma abordagem quantitativa. Os dados discursivos, coletados por meio da gravação da entrevista, por serem apreendidos a partir de um instrumento estruturado, dispensaram procedimento analítico, sendo distribuídos entre as questões a que se referiam no sentido de ampliar sua compreensão. Os resultados apontam que o fenômeno investigado se origina a partir de determinantes relacionados ao cuidador, aos déficits do idoso, à interação idoso/cuidador, ao ambiente, e às demandas de cuidado.Este estudio objetivó investigar los determinantes de la tensión del cuidador familiar de ancianos dependientes. Su efectividad se dio en el escenario domiciliar, envolviendo a treinta cuidadoras principales. Los datos fueron colectados por medio de entrevista estructurada grabada. El análisis de los datos objetivos fue hecho mediante un abordaje cuantitativo. Los datos discursivos, colectados por medio de la grabación de la entrevista, por ser aprehendidos a partir de un instrumento estructurado, dispensaron procedimiento analítico, siendo distribuidos entre las cuestiones a que se referían en el sentido de ampliar su comprensión. Los resultados apuntan que el fenómeno investigado se origina a partir de determinantes relacionados al cuidador, a los déficits del anciano, a la interacción anciano/cuidador, al ambiente, y a las demandas de cuidado.This study had as objective investigate the determinatives of the tension of the dependent elderly's family caregiver. Its accomplish happened in the domestic scenery, involving thirty principal caregivers. The data were collected by a recorded and estructured interview. The analyses of the

Crisis económica en España y sus factores determinantes

OpenAIRE

Monte Aznar, Javier del

2016-01-01

El trabajo trata de analizar las causas o factores determinantes de la crisis en España desde el punto de vista de la teoría Keynesiana, analizando la evolución de factores como la inversión, el consumo y el trabajo, desembocando en medidas que se pueden tomar para la salida de la crisis. Grado en Administración y Dirección de Empresas

Determinantes de la precarización laboral en Argentina entre 2003-2013. Entre los cambios y las continuidades

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcelo Delfini

2016-06-01

Full Text Available El crecimiento económico experimentado por Argentina desde 2003 ha tenido su correlato en la mejora de los indicadores laborales. No obstante, la precarización laboral se ha mantenido, luego de una baja importante, hasta 2007, en valores muy elevados. Partiendo de la idea central que la precarización constituye para el capital una reducción de costos, el objetivo de este artículo es dar cuenta de los determinantes de la informalidad entre los trabajadores asalariados y establecer continuidades y cambios durante 2003 y 2013. Para ello, utilizamos una metodología cuantitativa con fuentes secundarias de información, dde acuerdo con las cuales realizamos dos tipo de análisis: el primero de carácter descriptivo, a partir del cual se busca dar cuenta de las características del mercado de trabajo argentino durante 1990 y 2013, y el segundo se realiza por medio de una regresión logística binomial, que permite acercarnos a los determinantes de la precarización de las condiciones de trabajo. En este sentido, se pudo observar que durante 2003 y 2013 se consolidó una precarización laboral, cuyos determinantes no lograron modificarse sustancialmente durante los años de referencia

Two-dimensional gauge dynamics and the topology of singular determinantal varieties

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wong, Kenny [Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics,Centre for Mathematical Sciences, University of Cambridge,Cambridge, CB3 0WA (United Kingdom)

2017-03-27

We record an observation about the Witten indices in two families of gauged linear sigma models: the U(2) model for linear sections of Grassmannians, and the U(1) model for quadric complete intersections. We describe how the Witten indices are related to the Euler characteristics of the singular skew-symmetric or symmetric determinantal varieties featuring in the analysis of their opposite phases, and we discuss the extent to which these relationships can be reconciled with standard Born-Oppenheimer arguments.

No linealidad de la relación entre la estructura de capital y sus determinantes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Javier Sánchez Vidal

2009-06-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del trabajo es analizar si los factores que condicionan el endeudamiento de una empresa varían su influencia según el nivel de endeudamiento de aquella, para así poder estudiar, por ejemplo, los determinantes de la deuda de las empresas más apalancadas. Con una muestra de datos de panel de 17.776 empresas durante el periodo 2001-2006 se realizan las estimaciones mediante regresiones cuantílicas. Los resultados muestran que la regresión por cuantiles proporciona una perspectiva más completa de los determinantes del endeudamiento que la regresión MCO estándar. El apalancamiento se ve condicionado por un comportamiento jerárquico, encontrándose asimismo evidencia de problemas de información asimétrica. Se constata una cierta preocupación de las empresas por los costes de dificultades financieras pero no por el escudo fiscal.

A logistic regression estimating function for spatial Gibbs point processes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Baddeley, Adrian; Coeurjolly, Jean-François; Rubak, Ege

We propose a computationally efficient logistic regression estimating function for spatial Gibbs point processes. The sample points for the logistic regression consist of the observed point pattern together with a random pattern of dummy points. The estimating function is closely related to the p......We propose a computationally efficient logistic regression estimating function for spatial Gibbs point processes. The sample points for the logistic regression consist of the observed point pattern together with a random pattern of dummy points. The estimating function is closely related...

Weak convergence of marked point processes generated by crossings of multivariate jump processes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Tamborrino, Massimiliano; Sacerdote, Laura; Jacobsen, Martin

2014-01-01

We consider the multivariate point process determined by the crossing times of the components of a multivariate jump process through a multivariate boundary, assuming to reset each component to an initial value after its boundary crossing. We prove that this point process converges weakly...... process converging to a multivariate Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process is discussed as a guideline for applying diffusion limits for jump processes. We apply our theoretical findings to neural network modeling. The proposed model gives a mathematical foundation to the generalization of the class of Leaky...

Determinantes sociales de la salud y discapacidad: caso Santiago de Cali / Social determinants of health and disability: the Santiago de Cali case

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Consuelo Vélez A

2013-08-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: establecer la relación entre los determinantes sociales de la salud y la discapacidad en Santiago de Cali. Metodología: estudio descriptivo correlacional. Se incluyeron para el análisis 38.071 personas registradas en la base de datos del Dane (Cali; la información se procesó en SPSS 19.0: determinantes estructurales, género, edad, nivel educativo, raza, zona de residencia, estrato y determinantes intermedios como trabajo y vivienda; se realizó análisis univariado y bivariado empleando la prueba de x2 . Resultados: el 52% de las personas pertenecía al género femenino; el promedio de la edad fue de 48 años +/– 24,1 años y la raza predominante, la mestiza. El 28% de las personas registradas no tenía ningún nivel de estudio; un 76% de las personas pertenecen a estratos 1 y 2. El 100% tienen al menos una deficiencia y una discapacidad y el 25% presentan restricción en la participación. El género femenino presenta menos restricción en la participación, comparado con el masculino (71,2% y 66,8% respectivamente. Se encontró asociación entre los determinantes sociales estructurales e intermedios y la restricción en la participación p < 0,05. Conclusiones: existe interacción de los determinantes sociales de la salud, como género, educación, empleo, barreras arquitectónicas y servicios de salud, entre otros, con la restricción en la participación Objective: to establish the relationship between the social determinants of health and disability in Santiago de Cali. Methodology: a correlational descriptive study. The analysis included a total of 38,071 people who had been registered in the dane database (Cali, and the data was processed using the spss 19.0 software. Structural Determinants: gender, age, education level, race, area of residence, and intermediate determinants such as job and housing information. In addition, univariate and bivariate analyses were conducted using the x2 test. Results: of the participants

Determinantes del acceso a los productos financieros en los hogares colombianos

OpenAIRE

Santiago Rodríguez-Raga; Félix Francisco Riaño Rodríguez

2016-01-01

Existe evidencia que establece una asociación positiva entre el acceso a productos financieros, la riqueza y calidad de vida de los hogares, en especial de los hogares pobres. En este ámbito, este estudio busca entender los determinantes del acceso a los diferentes productos financieros en los hogares de Colombia, utilizando un modelo econométrico con base en la información contenida en la Encuesta Longitudinal Colombiana (ELCA) de la Universidad de los Andes. Como conclusión se encuentra que...

La salud y sus determinantes sociales. Desigualdades y exclusión en la sociedad del siglo XXI

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Palomino Moral, Pedro A.

2014-06-01

Full Text Available The health concept has undergone a process of constant revision. From the mid-twentieth century it has taken place a shift from the search for the causes of the disease focused on the individual to the emergence of health social determinants that are the main modulators of the health and disease processes. Today we know that health and quality of life are a social result directly related to the conditions of people´s life and way of life. In this sense it has been made significant efforts to understand how they interact with the social determinants and how health outcomes occur. We analyzed the contributions that have succeeded in highlighting the main factors of social inequalities including an analysis of inequalities in women’s health, vulnerability and risk of exclusion.El concepto de salud ha experimentado un proceso de revisión constante. Desde mediados del siglo XX se ha producido un desplazamiento desde la búsqueda de las causas de la enfermedad centradas en el individuo a la aparición de los determinantes sociales, los principales moduladores del fenómeno salud y la enfermedad. Hoy sabemos que la salud y la calidad de vida son un resultado social directamente relacionado con las condiciones generales de la vida de las personas y con la forma de vivir; en este sentido se han hecho notables esfuerzos en las últimas décadas para comprender cómo interactúan los determinantes sociales y se producen los resultados en salud. Analizamos las aportaciones que han conseguido poner de manifiesto los principales factores generadores de las desigualdades sociales incluyendo un análisis de las desigualdades en salud de las mujeres, la vulnerabilidad y el riesgo de exclusión.

Los determinantes de la salud percibida en España

OpenAIRE

Girón Daviña , Pedro

2010-01-01

Esta tesis plantea como hipótesis de trabajo que la salud percibida en España es un indicador multidimensional e integral de la salud que está vinculado a los factores que afectan a la salud objetiva, lo que le convierte en un indicador complementario a otras medidas de salud de los profesionales sanitarios. El objetivo de esta tesis es analizar y modelar los distintos determinantes de la salud percibida de los españoles de 16 o más años de edad. Para ello se utiliza la ENS del año 2006, ...

DETERMINANTES DEL ACCESO AL CRÉDITO DE LOS HOGARES COLOMBIANOS

OpenAIRE

Murcia Pabón, Andrés

2007-01-01

En este documento se busca identificar los determinantes de acceso al crédito de los hogar es colombianos; así, se encuentra que características tales como el ingreso, la riqueza, la posición geográfica, el acceso a la seguridad social, el nivel de educación y la edad influyen sobre la probabilidad de ser usuario de los servicios financieros acá analizados (tarjeta de crédito y crédito hipotecario). Adicionalmente, se encontró que una porción importante de población cuenta con unas condicione...

Determinantes da satisfação e atributos da qualidade em serviços de salão de beleza

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José Luis Duarte Ribeiro

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta um modelo de representação dos determinantes da satisfação dos clientes de serviços em salões de beleza e dos atributos de qualidade percebidos por eles. Para isso, foram aplicadas duas pesquisas junto a usuários de salões de beleza com a finalidade de: (i determinar as relações entre os determinantes da satisfação dos clientes; e (ii identificar e hierarquizar atributos de qualidade percebidos, de acordo com sua importância para os clientes do serviço em questão. A confirmação de expectativas e a qualidade percebida aparecem como os principais determinantes da satisfação dos clientes. Competência técnica, limpeza do ambiente e dos utensílios, cumprimento de horários e localização conveniente aparecem como os principais atributos de qualidade percebidos. Os resultados desta pesquisa podem ser usados pelos gerentes de salões de beleza para aprimorar a qualidade do serviço e a satisfação dos clientes, estabelecendo um diferencial competitivo para sua empresa.

Determinantes do spread bancário ex post no mercado brasileiro

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José Alves Dantas

2012-08-01

Full Text Available A rentabilidade dos bancos é geralmente considerada um fator relevante para garantir a solidez do sistema financeiro, reduzindo os riscos associados aos eventos de insolvência nesse setor. No Brasil, porém, tem havido discussões quanto aos lucros das instituições financeiras que atuam no país, centradas no argumento de que tais lucros seriam supostamente muito elevados, onerando demasiadamente o setor produtivo. Por isso, diversos estudos têm avaliado a estrutura, a evolução e os determinantes do spread bancário, que é considerada a principal variável responsável pelos lucros supostamente anormais. Do ponto de vista metodológico, essas pesquisas têm se concentrado em investigar o spread ex ante das operações com recursos livres e têm utilizado fatores macroeconômicos como variáveis independentes. Este estudo busca identificar variáveis determinantes do spread bancário ex post, privilegiando variáveis explanatórias específicas das instituições, vale dizer, microeconômicas. Na literatura sobre determinantes do spread bancário ex post no Brasil, foi identificado apenas um trabalho anterior, o qual apresentou resultados pouco representativos, devido a um problema de micronumerosidade. Para evitar tal problema, este estudo utiliza dados dos balancetes de janeiro/2000 a outubro/2009 de instituições bancárias com carteira de crédito ativa. Utilizando um modelo de regressão com dados em painel dinâmico, são testadas nove hipóteses, constatando-se que o nível de spread ex post tem relação significativa e: 1. Positiva com o risco de crédito da carteira, com o grau de concentração do mercado de crédito e com o nível de atividade da economia; 2. negativa com a participação relativa da instituição no mercado de crédito. Por outro lado, não foram encontradas relações estatisticamente relevantes entre o spread ex post e: o nível de cobertura das despesas administrativas pelas receitas de prestações de

DETERMINANTES INDIVIDUALES Y DEL ENTORNO RESIDENCIAL EN LA PERCEPCIÓN DE SEGURIDAD EN BARRIOS DEL GRAN SANTIAGO, CHILE

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Ximena Tocornal

2012-01-01

Full Text Available La percepción de seguridad de los habitantes en sus entornos residenciales más inmediatos se nutre de diversos factores tanto personales como del territorio y de las relaciones sociales entre vecinos. Este trabajo explora mediante el método estadístico de Regresión Lineal Multivariada los principales determinantes de la percepción individual de seguridad. Esta metodología se aplica con una perspectiva multinivel que considera el nivel de determinantes individuales (sexo, edad, años de educación, ingreso del hogar, como el nivel de determinantes de las relaciones sociales y del territorio residencial del individuo. Los resultados a nivel de variables individuales son coherentes con la evidencia previa. Diversas variables asociadas a la interacción social en el barrio inciden en la percepción de seguridad. En particular, con¿ anza e interacción entre vecinos junto a la antigüedad de los barrios son relevantes en la determinación de la percepción de seguridad. El rol de las señales de desorden físico no parece relevante. La presencia de programas de seguridad ciudadana a nivel municipal en el territorio es signi¿ cativa, indicando la relevancia de estas iniciativas en frenar el temor de las comunidades.

Determinantes de la precarización laboral en Argentina entre 2003-2013: entre los cambios y las continuidades

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Marcelo Delfini

2016-03-01

Full Text Available El crecimiento económico experimentado por Argentina desde 2003 ha tenido su correlato en la mejora de los indicadores laborales. No obstante, la precarización laboral se ha mantenido, luego de una baja importante hasta el año 2007, en valores muy elevados. Partiendo de la idea central que la precarización constituye para el capital, una reducción de costos, el objetivo de este artículo es dar cuenta de los determinantes de la informalidad entre los trabajadores asalariados, estableciendo continuidades y cambios entre los años 2003 y 2013. Para ello utilizamos una metodología cuantitativa con fuentes secundarias de información, a partir de las cuales realizamos dos tipo de análisis, el primero de carácter descriptivo a partir del cual se busca dar cuenta de las características del mercado de trabajo argentino entre 1990 y 2013 y el segundo se realiza por medio de una regresión logística binomial, que permite acercarnos a los determinantes de la precarización de las condiciones de trabajo. En este sentido, se pudo observar que entre los años 2003 y 2013, se consolidó una precarización laboral, cuyos determinantes no lograron modificarse sustancialmente entre los años de referencia.

A tutorial on Palm distributions for spatial point processes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Coeurjolly, Jean-Francois; Møller, Jesper; Waagepetersen, Rasmus Plenge

2017-01-01

This tutorial provides an introduction to Palm distributions for spatial point processes. Initially, in the context of finite point processes, we give an explicit definition of Palm distributions in terms of their density functions. Then we review Palm distributions in the general case. Finally, we...

Determinantes del acceso al internet: Evidencia de los hogares del Ecuador

OpenAIRE

Botello-Peñaloza, Héctor Alberto

2015-01-01

El objetivo del artículo se centra en investigar los determinantes del uso de Iinternet en los hogares ecuatorianos en 2013, incorporando sus características socioeconómicas dentro de un modelo de elección discreta que realiza estimaciones sobre la probabilidad del uso de internet dentro del hogar con base en los microdatos de la encuesta de uso de TIC. Los principales hallazgos sugieren que el ingreso y el grado de educación de los individuos ejercen las mayores influencias positivas en el u...

Determinantes del ingreso de los hogares y de su gasto corriente

OpenAIRE

Muñoz Conde, Manuel

2008-01-01

Este ensayo de investigación empírica analiza los determinantes del ingreso y del gasto en los hogares colombianos. Utilizando un modelo del ciclo de vida con datos de la encuesta de hogares de 1994 y 1995, muestra que el comportamiento del ingreso está afectado principalmente por las características demográficas del hogar y los rasgos socio ocupacionales de sus miembros. El comportamiento del gasto está determinado ante todo por el ingreso y, en menor medida, por las características sociales...

Parametric methods for spatial point processes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Møller, Jesper

is studied in Section 4, and Bayesian inference in Section 5. On one hand, as the development in computer technology and computational statistics continues,computationally-intensive simulation-based methods for likelihood inference probably will play a increasing role for statistical analysis of spatial...... inference procedures for parametric spatial point process models. The widespread use of sensible but ad hoc methods based on summary statistics of the kind studied in Chapter 4.3 have through the last two decades been supplied by likelihood based methods for parametric spatial point process models......(This text is submitted for the volume ‘A Handbook of Spatial Statistics' edited by A.E. Gelfand, P. Diggle, M. Fuentes, and P. Guttorp, to be published by Chapmand and Hall/CRC Press, and planned to appear as Chapter 4.4 with the title ‘Parametric methods'.) 1 Introduction This chapter considers...

Estudio multinivel basado em PISA 2009: determinantes del rendimiento educativo em Uruguay

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Vivian Tatiane Rodrigues Yuane

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Los resultados de PISA 2009 manifiestan que el nivel educativo de los estudiantes Uruguayos se sitúa en una posición por debajo del promedio de los países de la OCDE, además, el promedio de los mismos discrepa entre las regiones del país. Frente a eso, este ensayo se propone a analizar los determinantes del desempeño estudiantil basado en los factores que tradicionalmente la literatura ha identificado como determinantes de la eficacia escolar. Dichos factores están relacionados con el propio alumno, con el centro educativo al que pertenece, su familia y su situación socioeconómica. Este ensayo además, procura controlar los aspectos regionales, para ello, la metodología empleada en este estudio es la regresión multinivel con la que es posible considerar la estructura jerárquica de las variables, el modelo incluye tres niveles: alumno, escuelas y regiones. Los resultados muestran que el nivel educativo de los padres, la calificación de los profesores y el nivel socioeconómico de los alumnos que concurren a la misma escuela, cuanto mayor sean sus valores correspondientes, mayor es el resultado esperado en el rendimiento de los alumnos en el área de comprensión lectora.

Non-parametric Bayesian inference for inhomogeneous Markov point processes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Berthelsen, Kasper Klitgaard; Møller, Jesper; Johansen, Per Michael

is a shot noise process, and the interaction function for a pair of points depends only on the distance between the two points and is a piecewise linear function modelled by a marked Poisson process. Simulation of the resulting posterior using a Metropolis-Hastings algorithm in the "conventional" way...

EL PERFIL COMPETITIVO LOCAL COMO FACTOR DETERMINANTE PARA EL DESARROLLO DE LA FLORICULTURA EN MADRID (CUNDINAMARCA

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DANIEL HERNÁN SANTIAGO ROMERO

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo describe los atributos del perfil competitivo del municipio de Madrid y establece las relaciones que, con dicho perfil, ha tenido el desarrollo de cultivos de flores. Se parte de la descripción de la situación actual de la industria de la floricultura en el país. Después, tras establecer los determinantes que desde la teoría se han propuesto para medir la competitividad de un territorio, se analiza el caso particular del municipio de Madrid y define los atributos competitivos que lo caracterizan. Se presentan las relaciones entre el perfil competitivo del municipio y la floricultura, mostrando cómo aquél, se convirtió en un factor determinante para dicha actividad económica. Finalmente se presentan las conclusiones del artículo, las cuales son antecedidas por la presentación de los elementos que representan la mayor fortaleza para el desarrollo económico del municipio en el futuro.

Post-Processing in the Material-Point Method

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Andersen, Søren; Andersen, Lars Vabbersgaard

The material-point method (MPM) is a numerical method for dynamic or static analysis of solids using a discretization in time and space. The method has shown to be successful in modelling physical problems involving large deformations, which are difficult to model with traditional numerical tools...... such as the finite element method. In the material-point method, a set of material points is utilized to track the problem in time and space, while a computational background grid is utilized to obtain spatial derivatives relevant to the physical problem. Currently, the research within the material-point method......-point method. The first idea involves associating a volume with each material point and displaying the deformation of this volume. In the discretization process, the physical domain is divided into a number of smaller volumes each represented by a simple shape; here quadrilaterals are chosen for the presented...

Point processes and the position distribution of infinite boson systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fichtner, K.H.; Freudenberg, W.

1987-01-01

It is shown that to each locally normal state of a boson system one can associate a point process that can be interpreted as the position distribution of the state. The point process contains all information one can get by position measurements and is determined by the latter. On the other hand, to each so-called Σ/sup c/-point process Q they relate a locally normal state with position distribution Q

PROCESSING UAV AND LIDAR POINT CLOUDS IN GRASS GIS

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V. Petras

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Today’s methods of acquiring Earth surface data, namely lidar and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV imagery, non-selectively collect or generate large amounts of points. Point clouds from different sources vary in their properties such as number of returns, density, or quality. We present a set of tools with applications for different types of points clouds obtained by a lidar scanner, structure from motion technique (SfM, and a low-cost 3D scanner. To take advantage of the vertical structure of multiple return lidar point clouds, we demonstrate tools to process them using 3D raster techniques which allow, for example, the development of custom vegetation classification methods. Dense point clouds obtained from UAV imagery, often containing redundant points, can be decimated using various techniques before further processing. We implemented and compared several decimation techniques in regard to their performance and the final digital surface model (DSM. Finally, we will describe the processing of a point cloud from a low-cost 3D scanner, namely Microsoft Kinect, and its application for interaction with physical models. All the presented tools are open source and integrated in GRASS GIS, a multi-purpose open source GIS with remote sensing capabilities. The tools integrate with other open source projects, specifically Point Data Abstraction Library (PDAL, Point Cloud Library (PCL, and OpenKinect libfreenect2 library to benefit from the open source point cloud ecosystem. The implementation in GRASS GIS ensures long term maintenance and reproducibility by the scientific community but also by the original authors themselves.

Modern Statistics for Spatial Point Processes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Møller, Jesper; Waagepetersen, Rasmus

2007-01-01

We summarize and discuss the current state of spatial point process theory and directions for future research, making an analogy with generalized linear models and random effect models, and illustrating the theory with various examples of applications. In particular, we consider Poisson, Gibbs...

Modern statistics for spatial point processes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Møller, Jesper; Waagepetersen, Rasmus

We summarize and discuss the current state of spatial point process theory and directions for future research, making an analogy with generalized linear models and random effect models, and illustrating the theory with various examples of applications. In particular, we consider Poisson, Gibbs...

Determinantes de la participación laboral femenina en Venezuela: Aplicación de un modelo probit para el año 2005

OpenAIRE

Martínez, Ángel

2010-01-01

La participación laboral de la mujer es un tema de análisis en muchos estudios a nivel mundial, cuyo objetivo es presentar un panorama acerca de la igualdad de género en el empleo. La oferta y la demanda en el mercado de trabajo es el resultado de la interacción de variables principalmente sociales y económicas que se encuentran interconectadas. Este trabajo realiza un análisis conjunto de los determinantes de la participación laboral femenina en Venezuela. También analiza los determinantes d...

Determinantes sociales de salud en los agricultores del resguardo indígena Zenú

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Elsy C. Puello A.

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Analizar los determinantes sociales de salud presentes entre los indígenas agricultores del Resguardo Zenú de San Andrés de Sotavento. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo de corte, con enfoque cuantitativo, participaron 64 indígenas agricultores de las comunidades Celeste Imperio y Santa Elena del Municipio de San Andrés de Sotavento en el año 2012, se seleccionaron bajo la técnica del muestreo aleatorio simple. La recolección de la información se efectuó a través de encuestas estructuradas diligenciadas mediante entrevista. Resultados: El rango de edad de la población sujeto osciló entre 18 a 70 años, existe 41% de analfabetismo absoluto, las familias son extensas con orientación endogámica, las condiciones de vida son precarias, hay ausencia de actividad recreativa y actividad física programada, 97% percibe menos de un salario mínimo mensual legal vigente producto del trabajo comunitario, 95.3% pertenece al regimen de salud subsidiado, todos carecen de afiliación a riesgos laborales y pensión, 77% admitió que tuvo algún accidente laboral en el último año, así mismo, 70% manifestó morbilidad sentida relacionada con la actividad laboral. Conclusiones: Los determinantes de carácter social que influyen negativamente en la salud identificados fueron: sociopolítico, circunstancias materiales, factores biológicos, conductuales y laborales; los cuales se reflejan en deficiencias en su calidad de vida, morbilidad sentida, accidentalidad laboral, fragilidades en el Sistema de Protección Social, altos índices de analfabetismo absoluto, pobreza y características que indiscutiblemente reafirman la relación perversa e interdependiente entre analfabetismo, pobreza y salud. Sin embargo, la cohesión social se identificó como determinante social de influencia positiva para la salud (94%.

Estratificación del bajo peso al nacer desde un enfoque de determinantes sociales

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Hilda María Delgado Acosta

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Fundamento: el área materno-infantil requiere de un enfoque en sus determinantes para aumentar el alcance estratégico de sus programas. Objetivo: estratificar el bajo peso al nacer en el municipio de Cienfuegos y caracterizar el bajo peso de acuerdo a determinantes sociales seleccionadas. Métodos: se realizó un estudio epidemiológico, descriptivo, correlacional sobre la estratificación del bajo peso al nacer en los consejos populares del municipio Cienfuegos, en el período comprendido entre los años 2003 y 2007. Los estratos se definieron según el valor de la media del índice de bajo peso al nacer en este periodo. Para realizar el análisis de las variables cualitativas en muestras independientes se utilizó la prueba de independencia u homogeneidad utilizada en el caso de dos muestras con resultado dicotómico o más. El procesamiento estadístico se realizó en el programa SPSS versión 15,0 y se utilizaron como medidas matemáticas para las variables cualitativas el porcentaje, y para las variables cuantitativas la media aritmética. La técnica estadística para relacionar las variables fue la prueba Chi-cuadrado. Resultados: se mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los estratos de bajo, mediano y alto riesgo, en el nivel de escolaridad, estado civil, ocupación, evaluación nutricional, hábito de fumar, antecedentes de bajo peso al nacer, período ínter genésico. La única enfermedad asociada que mostró diferencias entre ellos fue la hipertensión gestacional. Conclusiones: el bajo peso al nacer continúa siendo un serio problema de salud en el municipio Cienfuegos, cuestión esta que debe ser abordada desde sus determinantes para realizar intervenciones futuras y el logro de mejores resultados.

Statistical properties of several models of fractional random point processes

Science.gov (United States)

Bendjaballah, C.

2011-08-01

Statistical properties of several models of fractional random point processes have been analyzed from the counting and time interval statistics points of view. Based on the criterion of the reduced variance, it is seen that such processes exhibit nonclassical properties. The conditions for these processes to be treated as conditional Poisson processes are examined. Numerical simulations illustrate part of the theoretical calculations.

Determinantes de la Innovación Sustentable de las Empresas Ecuatorianas

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Cynthia Lizbeth Román Bermeo

2017-06-01

protección ambiental aplicando técnicas de innovación sustentable. La innovación sustentable en las empresas radica en la necesidad de reducir los gases de efecto invernadero (GEI principales causantes de los efectos del cambio climático en el planeta. Los acuerdos para reducir los GEI alcanzados en la Conferencia de las Partes (COP en Paris en el año 2015, pusieron de manifiesto la urgencia que tienen las empresas y los gobiernos en redefinir sus estrategias empresariales. La redefinición de estrategias en las empresas no son sencillas, ya que, dependen del nivel de acción del gobierno ante la implementación de políticas públicas que incentiven, regulen y promueven la dinámica de los mercados. Por tanto, es importante analizar el nivel de vulnerabilidad que las empresas tienen por el cambio climático, de esta manera proponer estrategias de resilencia para la supervivencia de las empresas ecuatorianas en el largo plazo. A partir del uso de información de la encuesta de información ambiental económica de las empresas y mediante el uso de un modelo de Probit se identifica las principales determinantes que las empresas tienen para desarrollar estrategias de innovación sustentable. El tamaño de la empresa, y pertenecer a los sectores de Explotación de Minas y Manufacturas son determinantes al momento de realizar estrategias de innovación sustentable.

Da noção de determinação social à de determinantes sociais da saúde

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Júlia Arêas Garbois

Full Text Available RESUMO O ensaio aborda criticamente a noção de determinantes sociais da saúde, veiculada oficialmente pela Organização Mundial da Saúde, a partir da discussão sobre sua perspectiva conceitual que difere bastante daquela cunhada por volta dos anos 1970, pela corrente médico-social latino-americana, de determinação social da saúde. A discussão desnuda os preceitos filosóficos que sustentam a noção de determinantes sociais da saúde, a partir dos argumentos fundados na sociologia positivista de Émile Durkheim. Conclui-se que essa noção identifica um 'social' fragmentado, trazendo consequências práticas e políticas e mostrando-se insuficiente para analisar as mudanças sociais da contemporaneidade.

Extreme values, regular variation and point processes

CERN Document Server

Resnick, Sidney I

1987-01-01

Extremes Values, Regular Variation and Point Processes is a readable and efficient account of the fundamental mathematical and stochastic process techniques needed to study the behavior of extreme values of phenomena based on independent and identically distributed random variables and vectors It presents a coherent treatment of the distributional and sample path fundamental properties of extremes and records It emphasizes the core primacy of three topics necessary for understanding extremes the analytical theory of regularly varying functions; the probabilistic theory of point processes and random measures; and the link to asymptotic distribution approximations provided by the theory of weak convergence of probability measures in metric spaces The book is self-contained and requires an introductory measure-theoretic course in probability as a prerequisite Almost all sections have an extensive list of exercises which extend developments in the text, offer alternate approaches, test mastery and provide for enj...

Análise dos determinantes do endividamento das empresas de capital aberto do agronegócio brasileiro

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Valéria Gama Fully Bressan

2009-03-01

Full Text Available Estudos sobre a estrutura de capital e a identificação de seus determinantes são temas relevantes nas pesquisas envolvendo a gestão financeira das empresas. Neste aspecto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os determinantes da alavancagem das empresas do agronegócio brasileiro conforme o modelo de Rajan e Zingales (1995. Na definição da amostra, foram selecionadas 26 empresas que estavam enquadradas em alguma das três subdivisões do agronegócio brasileiro: a o setor de produção agropecuária; b setor fornecedor de insumos e fatores de produção e c setor de processamento e distribuição, com base em classificação da CNA (Confederação da Agricultura e Pecuária do Brasil. O estudo foi feito com base no banco de dados da Economática®, tendo sido utilizado o modelo de regressão com dados em painel. Os resultados indicaram que as variáveis tangibilidade dos ativos, oportunidadede crescimento, tamanho e lucratividade foram estatisticamente significantes e podem ser interpretadas como fatores determinantes do endividamento das empresas do agronegócio brasileiro. Conclui-se, ainda, que o modelo estimado por meio da regressão com dados em painel gerou resultado compatível com aqueles preconizados pela pecking order theory.Studies involving capital structure and the identification of its determinants are relevant issues in the field of corporate finance management research. In this regard, the present study intends to evaluate the determinants of corporate leverage in the Brazilian agribusiness sector using the model of Rajan and Zingales (1995. In the definition of the sample there were selected 26 companies that are classified in one of three subdivisions of the Brazilian agribusiness sector: a the agriculture or cattle raising; b inputs or production factors and c processing and distribution sector, using as reference the CNA classification. The study used data from the Economatica® database, with the adoption of

A MARKED POINT PROCESS MODEL FOR VEHICLE DETECTION IN AERIAL LIDAR POINT CLOUDS

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A. Börcs

2012-07-01

Full Text Available In this paper we present an automated method for vehicle detection in LiDAR point clouds of crowded urban areas collected from an aerial platform. We assume that the input cloud is unordered, but it contains additional intensity and return number information which are jointly exploited by the proposed solution. Firstly, the 3-D point set is segmented into ground, vehicle, building roof, vegetation and clutter classes. Then the points with the corresponding class labels and intensity values are projected to the ground plane, where the optimal vehicle configuration is described by a Marked Point Process (MPP model of 2-D rectangles. Finally, the Multiple Birth and Death algorithm is utilized to find the configuration with the highest confidence.

Pointo - a Low Cost Solution to Point Cloud Processing

Science.gov (United States)

Houshiar, H.; Winkler, S.

2017-11-01

With advance in technology access to data especially 3D point cloud data becomes more and more an everyday task. 3D point clouds are usually captured with very expensive tools such as 3D laser scanners or very time consuming methods such as photogrammetry. Most of the available softwares for 3D point cloud processing are designed for experts and specialists in this field and are usually very large software packages containing variety of methods and tools. This results in softwares that are usually very expensive to acquire and also very difficult to use. Difficulty of use is caused by complicated user interfaces that is required to accommodate a large list of features. The aim of these complex softwares is to provide a powerful tool for a specific group of specialist. However they are not necessary required by the majority of the up coming average users of point clouds. In addition to complexity and high costs of these softwares they generally rely on expensive and modern hardware and only compatible with one specific operating system. Many point cloud customers are not point cloud processing experts or willing to spend the high acquisition costs of these expensive softwares and hardwares. In this paper we introduce a solution for low cost point cloud processing. Our approach is designed to accommodate the needs of the average point cloud user. To reduce the cost and complexity of software our approach focuses on one functionality at a time in contrast with most available softwares and tools that aim to solve as many problems as possible at the same time. Our simple and user oriented design improve the user experience and empower us to optimize our methods for creation of an efficient software. In this paper we introduce Pointo family as a series of connected softwares to provide easy to use tools with simple design for different point cloud processing requirements. PointoVIEWER and PointoCAD are introduced as the first components of the Pointo family to provide a

A scalable and multi-purpose point cloud server (PCS) for easier and faster point cloud data management and processing

Science.gov (United States)

Cura, Rémi; Perret, Julien; Paparoditis, Nicolas

2017-05-01

In addition to more traditional geographical data such as images (rasters) and vectors, point cloud data are becoming increasingly available. Such data are appreciated for their precision and true three-Dimensional (3D) nature. However, managing point clouds can be difficult due to scaling problems and specificities of this data type. Several methods exist but are usually fairly specialised and solve only one aspect of the management problem. In this work, we propose a comprehensive and efficient point cloud management system based on a database server that works on groups of points (patches) rather than individual points. This system is specifically designed to cover the basic needs of point cloud users: fast loading, compressed storage, powerful patch and point filtering, easy data access and exporting, and integrated processing. Moreover, the proposed system fully integrates metadata (like sensor position) and can conjointly use point clouds with other geospatial data, such as images, vectors, topology and other point clouds. Point cloud (parallel) processing can be done in-base with fast prototyping capabilities. Lastly, the system is built on open source technologies; therefore it can be easily extended and customised. We test the proposed system with several billion points obtained from Lidar (aerial and terrestrial) and stereo-vision. We demonstrate loading speeds in the ˜50 million pts/h per process range, transparent-for-user and greater than 2 to 4:1 compression ratio, patch filtering in the 0.1 to 1 s range, and output in the 0.1 million pts/s per process range, along with classical processing methods, such as object detection.

Poisson point processes imaging, tracking, and sensing

CERN Document Server

Streit, Roy L

2010-01-01

This overview of non-homogeneous and multidimensional Poisson point processes and their applications features mathematical tools and applications from emission- and transmission-computed tomography to multiple target tracking and distributed sensor detection.

Determinantes del consumo de tabaco en adolescentes : diferencias de género

OpenAIRE

Pellico López, María Amada

2015-01-01

El tabaco es la principal causa de muerte actualmente. La feminización del hábito tabáquico actual ocasionará en el futuro un aumento de la carga de enfermedad y muerte atribuible al tabaco en mujeres. La presente monografía pretende describir la situación entre nuestros adolescentes, que determinantes influyen en que varones y mujeres adolescentes consuman tabaco y cómo intervenir de forma efectiva para prevenirlo. La diferencia de género en consumo de tabaco tiende a desaparecer y las mujer...

Contabilidad: comentarios sobre el discurso científico y los determinantes morales

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Mauricio Gómez Villegas

2003-11-01

Full Text Available En este documento se discute el carácter científico de la corriente principal de la contabilidad. Desde un enfoque socioepistemológico, se analizan los limitantes y cuestionamientos a la perspectiva positivista de la ciencia y a su aplicación en la perspectiva predominante en la contabilidad sajona. Se plantean aportes desde la escuela sociológica-organizacional de corte europeo. En especial se llama la atención sobre la necesidad del estudio de los determinantes morales que reproduce la contabilidad en el orden moral vigente.

Development and evaluation of spatial point process models for epidermal nerve fibers.

Science.gov (United States)

Olsbo, Viktor; Myllymäki, Mari; Waller, Lance A; Särkkä, Aila

2013-06-01

We propose two spatial point process models for the spatial structure of epidermal nerve fibers (ENFs) across human skin. The models derive from two point processes, Φb and Φe, describing the locations of the base and end points of the fibers. Each point of Φe (the end point process) is connected to a unique point in Φb (the base point process). In the first model, both Φe and Φb are Poisson processes, yielding a null model of uniform coverage of the skin by end points and general baseline results and reference values for moments of key physiologic indicators. The second model provides a mechanistic model to generate end points for each base, and we model the branching structure more directly by defining Φe as a cluster process conditioned on the realization of Φb as its parent points. In both cases, we derive distributional properties for observable quantities of direct interest to neurologists such as the number of fibers per base, and the direction and range of fibers on the skin. We contrast both models by fitting them to data from skin blister biopsy images of ENFs and provide inference regarding physiological properties of ENFs. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Distinguishing different types of inhomogeneity in Neyman-Scott point processes

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Mrkvička, Tomáš

2014-01-01

Roč. 16, č. 2 (2014), s. 385-395 ISSN 1387-5841 Institutional support: RVO:60077344 Keywords : clustering * growing clusters * inhomogeneous cluster centers * inhomogeneous point process * location dependent scaling * Neyman-Scott point process Subject RIV: BA - General Mathematics Impact factor: 0.913, year: 2014

Marked point process for modelling seismic activity (case study in Sumatra and Java)

Science.gov (United States)

Pratiwi, Hasih; Sulistya Rini, Lia; Wayan Mangku, I.

2018-05-01

Earthquake is a natural phenomenon that is random, irregular in space and time. Until now the forecast of earthquake occurrence at a location is still difficult to be estimated so that the development of earthquake forecast methodology is still carried out both from seismology aspect and stochastic aspect. To explain the random nature phenomena, both in space and time, a point process approach can be used. There are two types of point processes: temporal point process and spatial point process. The temporal point process relates to events observed over time as a sequence of time, whereas the spatial point process describes the location of objects in two or three dimensional spaces. The points on the point process can be labelled with additional information called marks. A marked point process can be considered as a pair (x, m) where x is the point of location and m is the mark attached to the point of that location. This study aims to model marked point process indexed by time on earthquake data in Sumatra Island and Java Island. This model can be used to analyse seismic activity through its intensity function by considering the history process up to time before t. Based on data obtained from U.S. Geological Survey from 1973 to 2017 with magnitude threshold 5, we obtained maximum likelihood estimate for parameters of the intensity function. The estimation of model parameters shows that the seismic activity in Sumatra Island is greater than Java Island.

Some properties of point processes in statistical optics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Picinbono, B.; Bendjaballah, C.

2010-01-01

The analysis of the statistical properties of the point process (PP) of photon detection times can be used to determine whether or not an optical field is classical, in the sense that its statistical description does not require the methods of quantum optics. This determination is, however, more difficult than ordinarily admitted and the first aim of this paper is to illustrate this point by using some results of the PP theory. For example, it is well known that the analysis of the photodetection of classical fields exhibits the so-called bunching effect. But this property alone cannot be used to decide the nature of a given optical field. Indeed, we have presented examples of point processes for which a bunching effect appears and yet they cannot be obtained from a classical field. These examples are illustrated by computer simulations. Similarly, it is often admitted that for fields with very low light intensity the bunching or antibunching can be described by using the statistical properties of the distance between successive events of the point process, which simplifies the experimental procedure. We have shown that, while this property is valid for classical PPs, it has no reason to be true for nonclassical PPs, and we have presented some examples of this situation also illustrated by computer simulations.

Movilización social y determinantes sociales de la salud: proceso educativo en comunidad rural de Jalisco, México

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jorge Laureano Eugenio

2015-01-01

Full Text Available El artículo describe proceso y resultados de trabajo educativo en comunidad rural, sustentado en la educación popular. Ello como estrategia para lograr la movilización social e incidir en los determinantes sociales del contexto. Consistió en cuatro etapas: 1. conocimiento de la comunidad, 2. conformación de grupo primario, 3. movilización social con integración de comisiones de trabajo, 4. crecimiento del proceso con distintas modalidades de participación. El modelo educativo, a tres años de trabajo, ofrece la posibilidad de lograr la movilización social a manera de demanda pública organizada hacia organismos e instituciones de salud, educación y desarrollo social, con el empoderamiento comunitario y fortalecimiento del entramado social para incidir en los determinantes sociales.

Determinantes de la productividad regional del trabajo de la hostelería en España, 1996-2004

OpenAIRE

Bienvenido Ortega Aguaza

2011-01-01

El propósito de este trabajo es analizar, de forma empírica, cómo los distintos factores determinantes del crecimiento económico han podido condicionar la evolución relativa de la productividad regional del trabajo en España.

A Bayesian MCMC method for point process models with intractable normalising constants

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Berthelsen, Kasper Klitgaard; Møller, Jesper

2004-01-01

to simulate from the "unknown distribution", perfect simulation algorithms become useful. We illustrate the method in cases whre the likelihood is given by a Markov point process model. Particularly, we consider semi-parametric Bayesian inference in connection to both inhomogeneous Markov point process models...... and pairwise interaction point processes....

Fingerprint Analysis with Marked Point Processes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Forbes, Peter G. M.; Lauritzen, Steffen; Møller, Jesper

We present a framework for fingerprint matching based on marked point process models. An efficient Monte Carlo algorithm is developed to calculate the marginal likelihood ratio for the hypothesis that two observed prints originate from the same finger against the hypothesis that they originate from...... different fingers. Our model achieves good performance on an NIST-FBI fingerprint database of 258 matched fingerprint pairs....

Epidemiología y determinantes sociales asociados a la obesidad y la diabetes tipo 2 en México

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L. Moreno-Altamirano

2014-07-01

Full Text Available La diabetes y la obesidad como problemas de salud pública en México son analizados a la luz de su magnitud y distribución en el contexto de algunos de sus determinantes sociales: alimentación, sedentarismo y distribución del ingreso. Se presentan aspectos generales sobre estas enfermedades y su comportamiento epidemiológico en México. Se revisa el papel de la alimentación como determinante social fundamental para la presencia de la diabetes tipo 2 y obesidad. Asimismo, se argumenta sobre la importancia de la actividad física para su prevención y control. Se destaca el papel de la distribución de grasa corporal y la obesidad como producto de la transición alimentaria. Finalmente se expresan algunas recomendaciones que podrían contribuir a fortalecer las estrategias propuestas para disminuir su frecuencia, la mortalidad y las complicaciones de estas enfermedades.

Constraints and/or determinants of return to sexual activity in the puerperium Condicionantes y/o determinantes del retorno a la actividad sexual en el puerperio Condicionantes e/ou determinantes do retorno à atividade sexual no puerpério

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cleci de Fátima Enderle

2013-06-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: to identify factors which constrain or determine the return to sexual activity in the puerperium. METHOD: exploratory and descriptive study undertaken in a university hospital in the South of Brazil. Fifteen women who had recently given birth, who received a consultation with the nurse in the period August - October 2011, took part in the study. Data was collected after the consultation had finished through semi-structured interviews, in which the women who had recently given birth were asked about the return to sexual activity and the feelings involved in this process. RESULTS: the principal determinant/constraint for return to sexual activity in the post-natal period was the fear of a new pregnancy. Fear of feeling pain, permission from the health professional, shame of their own bodies and changes in libido emerged as constraining and/or determinant factors in the thematic analysis. CONCLUSION: it is considered fundamental for the issue of contraception to be addressed with the woman/couple during the pre-natal consultation, so that there may be opportunities for reflection and dialog prior to the critical time itself. OBJETIVO: identificar factores que condicionan y/o determinan el retorno de las actividades sexuales en el puerperio. MÉTODO: estudio exploratorio y descriptivo desarrollado en un hospital universitario del Sur de Brasil. Hicieron parte del estudio 15 puérperas que realizaron la consulta de enfermería, en el período de agosto a octubre de 2011. La recolección de datos aconteció por entrevista semiestructurada, después del término de la consulta, preguntándoles sobre el retorno de la actividad sexual y las sensaciones involucradas en este proceso. RESULTADOS: el miedo de un nuevo embarazo fue el principal determinante/condicionante del retorno sexual en el posparto. En el análisis temático sobresalieron como factores condicionantes y/o determinantes, el miedo de sentir dolor, la liberación del profesional

Determinantes de la demanda por turismo hacia Cartagena, 1987-1998

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Luis Armando Galvis,

1999-07-01

Full Text Available El presente documento se propone estudiar los factores que determinan la demanda de turismo nacional e internacional hacia la ciudad de Cartagena. Se evalúa el papel de la tasa de cambio real, utilizada como proxy de los precios relativos, y la capacidad de gasto nacional y extranjera, medida por el producto interno bruto (PIB, como determinante de la demanda turística. A partir de un modelo de cointegración estacional se concluye que la demanda de turismo es elástica al ingreso. También se encuentra que la demanda extranjera presenta una alta elasticidad precio, con lo cual la revaluación y los aumentos en los precios domésticos motivan una reducción en el gasto.

A J–function for inhomogeneous point processes

NARCIS (Netherlands)

M.N.M. van Lieshout (Marie-Colette)

2010-01-01

htmlabstractWe propose new summary statistics for intensity-reweighted moment stationary point processes that generalise the well known J-, empty space, and nearest-neighbour distance dis- tribution functions, represent them in terms of generating functionals and conditional intensities, and relate

The importance of topographically corrected null models for analyzing ecological point processes.

Science.gov (United States)

McDowall, Philip; Lynch, Heather J

2017-07-01

Analyses of point process patterns and related techniques (e.g., MaxEnt) make use of the expected number of occurrences per unit area and second-order statistics based on the distance between occurrences. Ecologists working with point process data often assume that points exist on a two-dimensional x-y plane or within a three-dimensional volume, when in fact many observed point patterns are generated on a two-dimensional surface existing within three-dimensional space. For many surfaces, however, such as the topography of landscapes, the projection from the surface to the x-y plane preserves neither area nor distance. As such, when these point patterns are implicitly projected to and analyzed in the x-y plane, our expectations of the point pattern's statistical properties may not be met. When used in hypothesis testing, we find that the failure to account for the topography of the generating surface may bias statistical tests that incorrectly identify clustering and, furthermore, may bias coefficients in inhomogeneous point process models that incorporate slope as a covariate. We demonstrate the circumstances under which this bias is significant, and present simple methods that allow point processes to be simulated with corrections for topography. These point patterns can then be used to generate "topographically corrected" null models against which observed point processes can be compared. © 2017 by the Ecological Society of America.

Factores determinantes del nivel de compromiso medioambiental voluntario adquirido por los hoteles cotizados europeos

OpenAIRE

Patricia Milanés Montero; Esteban Pérez Calderón; Francisco Javier Ortega Rossell

2012-01-01

Ante las importantes presiones que la actividad hotelera ejerce sobre el medioambiente, la ausencia de regulación de las actuaciones responsables y la escasez de investigaciones al respecto aparece la imperiosa necesidad de aportar luz en este sentido. Por ello, en este trabajo se analiza el compromiso medioambiental corporativo de los hoteles cotizados europeos; se utiliza como metodología el análisis de contenidos y se detectan los factores determinantes de las actuaciones responsables con ...

VARIÁVEIS DETERMINANTES DA PRECIFICAÇÃO BASEADA NO VALOR PARA O CONSUMIDOR EM INSTITUIÇÕES DE ENSINO SUPERIOR PRIVADA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marlei Mecca

2005-06-01

Full Text Available Instituições de ensino superior privadas precisam avaliar os fatores críticos considerados pelos acadêmicos no momento da escolha da instituição, bem como monitorar as variáveis estratégicas determinantes no processo de satisfação dos consumidores. Assim, o  artigo identifica as variáveis determinantes da precificação baseada no valor entregue ao consumidor em instituições de ensino superior privadas. Para tanto, realizou -se um estudo descritivo, por meio de uma pesquisa em  três instituições de ensino superior privadas. Para a coleta dos dados utilizou-se um questionário fechado, a fim de identificar os fatores determinantes da precificação fundamentada no valor para o consumidor, segundo o modelo de Philip Kotler. Os resultados da pesquisa mostram que as principais variáveis de valor total para o consumidor são a   qualificação do corpo docente, qualidade do curso, retorno dos investimentos e adequação dos recursos físicos. Entre as variáveis de custo total para o consumidor foram apontados os horários de aulas, o tempo e custo  com deslocamento, valor da mensalidade, as  atividades complementares e a carga horária do curso.

Multivariate Product-Shot-noise Cox Point Process Models

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jalilian, Abdollah; Guan, Yongtao; Mateu, Jorge

We introduce a new multivariate product-shot-noise Cox process which is useful for model- ing multi-species spatial point patterns with clustering intra-specific interactions and neutral, negative or positive inter-specific interactions. The auto and cross pair correlation functions of the process...... can be obtained in closed analytical forms and approximate simulation of the process is straightforward. We use the proposed process to model interactions within and among five tree species in the Barro Colorado Island plot....

Análise dos Determinantes do Disclosure Verde em Relatórios Anuais de Empresas Listadas na BM&FBOVESPA

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Luiz Henrique Figueira Marquezan

2015-04-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo é identificar os determinantes da evidenciação ambiental pelas organizações. Para tanto, selecionou-se uma amostra de organizações listadas na BM&FBovespa, classificadas nos níveis de alto, médio e pequeno impacto ambiental, conforme Lei nº 10.165/2000. Para a construção da variável dependente, procedeu-se a uma análise léxica utilizando um conjunto de expressões referentes ao disclosure verde. Na sequência, as hipóteses de Murcia, Fávero, Rover, Lima, & Lima (2008 e outras duas foram analisadas. Por meio das análises de conteúdo e léxica, os resultados apontaram as palavras e composição de expressões mais utilizadas e associadas entre si e os níveis de disclosure verde das organizações. Pela análise de regressão buscou-se confirmar as hipóteses desenvolvidas. Alguns determinantes foram confirmados, porém, problemas de heterocedasticidade e não normalidade da distribuição dos resíduos inviabilizaram o teste de hipóteses. Tais resultados sugerem que os problemas identificados nessa pesquisa podem não ter sido considerados por Murcia et al. (2008, uma vez que não foram mencionados. Assim, há uma recomendação de novas pesquisas com discussões adicionais sobre novas variáveis para identificar os determinantes do disclosure verde.

Factores determinantes del nivel de compromiso medioambiental voluntario adquirido por los hoteles cotizados europeos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Patricia Milanés Montero

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Ante las importantes presiones que la actividad hotelera ejerce sobre el medioambiente, la ausencia de regulación de las actuaciones responsables y la escasez de investigaciones al respecto aparece la imperiosa necesidad de aportar luz en este sentido. Por ello, en este trabajo se analiza el compromiso medioambiental corporativo de los hoteles cotizados europeos; se utiliza como metodología el análisis de contenidos y se detectan los factores determinantes de las actuaciones responsables con el medioambiente con el propósito de contribuir a la construcción de un marco de referencia objetivo de medida de los avances en sostenibilidad de la actividad turística. Además, se contribuye al "argumento comercial" analizando la relación existente entre la rentabilidad empresarial y el desempeño medioambiental. Los resultados muestran que la mayoría de los hoteles analizados carece de política de protección medioambiental; asimismo, el tamaño, la normativa contable adoptada y la pertenencia a grupos son factores determinantes de la adopción de una postura más o menos responsable. Por otro lado, la rentabilidad empresarial resulta ser una de las ventajas de la integración de las cuestiones medioambientales en la estrategia corporativa de las empresas.

Una tipología de empresas latinoamericanas exportadoras de servicios intensivos en conocimiento y los determinantes de su competitividad internacional

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andrés Niembro

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo persigue varios objetivos: por un lado, aportar una primera tipología de empresas latinoamericanas exportadoras de servicios intensivos en conocimiento, y por otro, contribuir al estudio de los determinantes de la competitividad internacional en estos sectores, con evidencia de América Latina, indagando además si la influencia de estos factores difiere entre los distintos tipos de empresas. Sobre la base de evidencia exploratoria de un conjunto de empresas latinoamericanas exportadoras de servicios intensivos en conocimiento se recurre al análisis clúster para identificar diferentes patrones empresariales. El reconocimiento de realidades empresariales heterogéneas y la identificación de impactos diferenciales de los determinantes de la competitividad pueden colaborar para un mejor diseño de medidas de política ajustadas a cada contexto.

Factores determinantes de la calidad de los registros de enfermería en el servicio de medicina del Hospital Nacional Ramiro Prialé Prialé, 2015

OpenAIRE

Canchari Zambrano, Nelly Ninfa

2015-01-01

En el estudio de investigación efectuado sobre; los factores determinantes de la calidad de los registros de enfermería en el servicio de Medicina del Hospital Nacional Ramiro Prialé Prialé, EsSalud, Huancayo, 2015, se tuvo como objetivo; Establecer los factores determinantes de la calidad de los registros de enfermería en el servicio de Medicina del Hospital Nacional Ramiro Prialé Prialé, EsSalud, Huancayo, este estudio se efectuó a un total de 20 enfermeras que laboran en este servicio a qu...

Determinantes espaciais e socioeconômicos do suicídio no Brasil: uma abordagem regional

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Ludmilla R. C. Gonçalves

2012-01-01

Full Text Available A Organização Mundial da Saúde avalia o suicídio como um problema de saúde pública, estando entre as dez causas mais frequentes de morte, além de ser a segunda ou terceira causa de morte entre 15 e 34 anos de idade. Estimativas mostram que para cada suicídio, existem pelo menos dez tentativas suficientemente sérias que exigem atenção médica e para cada tentativa de suicídio registrada, existem quatro não conhecidas. O objetivo desse artigo é avaliar os determinantes socioeconômicos das taxas de suicídio por microrregiões brasileiras, levando em consideração aspectos espaciais do problema. A hipótese desse artigo é que existe um “efeito contágio” espacial para o suicídio, ou seja, as taxas de suicídio dos vizinhos de uma microrregião são importantes determinantes do comportamento dessa variável em outra microrregião. Para tal, são usadas técnicas de econometria espacial que permitem avaliar se existe dependência espacial entre as taxas de suicídio das microrregiões.

Determinantes de la multilocalizaciónde empresas exportadoras de manufacturasen Colombia

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Mónica María Sinisterra

2009-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este artículo es investigar los determinantes de la multilocalización intrarregional de empresas exportadoras de manufacturas en Colombia para el año 2007. Para ello se utiliza un conjunto de datos de empresas, tomados de las bases de Proexport y la Superintendencia de Sociedades; asimismo se estima un modelo logit bivariado, que permite encontrar las características de las empresas exportadoras de manufacturas localizadas en más de un lugar del territorio nacional. Los resultados empíricos evidencian que las empresas exportadoras con mayor probabilidad de multilocalizarse en Colombia son las empresas grandes, no intensivas en capital, con altas ventas y un alto leverage.

Spatial Mixture Modelling for Unobserved Point Processes: Examples in Immunofluorescence Histology.

Science.gov (United States)

Ji, Chunlin; Merl, Daniel; Kepler, Thomas B; West, Mike

2009-12-04

We discuss Bayesian modelling and computational methods in analysis of indirectly observed spatial point processes. The context involves noisy measurements on an underlying point process that provide indirect and noisy data on locations of point outcomes. We are interested in problems in which the spatial intensity function may be highly heterogenous, and so is modelled via flexible nonparametric Bayesian mixture models. Analysis aims to estimate the underlying intensity function and the abundance of realized but unobserved points. Our motivating applications involve immunological studies of multiple fluorescent intensity images in sections of lymphatic tissue where the point processes represent geographical configurations of cells. We are interested in estimating intensity functions and cell abundance for each of a series of such data sets to facilitate comparisons of outcomes at different times and with respect to differing experimental conditions. The analysis is heavily computational, utilizing recently introduced MCMC approaches for spatial point process mixtures and extending them to the broader new context here of unobserved outcomes. Further, our example applications are problems in which the individual objects of interest are not simply points, but rather small groups of pixels; this implies a need to work at an aggregate pixel region level and we develop the resulting novel methodology for this. Two examples with with immunofluorescence histology data demonstrate the models and computational methodology.

Quantum entanglement and geometry of determinantal varieties

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chen Hao

2006-01-01

Quantum entanglement was first recognized as a feature of quantum mechanics in the famous paper of Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen. Recently it has been realized that quantum entanglement is a key ingredient in quantum computation, quantum communication, and quantum cryptography. In this paper, we introduce algebraic sets, which are determinantal varieties in the complex projective spaces or the products of complex projective spaces, for the mixed states on bipartite or multipartite quantum systems as their invariants under local unitary transformations. These invariants are naturally arised from the physical consideration of measuring mixed states by separable pure states. Our construction has applications in the following important topics in quantum information theory: (1) separability criterion, it is proved that the algebraic sets must be a union of the linear subspaces if the mixed states are separable; (2) simulation of Hamiltonians, it is proved that the simulation of semipositive Hamiltonians of the same rank implies the projective isomorphisms of the corresponding algebraic sets; (3) construction of bound entangled mixed states, examples of the entangled mixed states which are invariant under partial transpositions (thus PPT bound entanglement) are constructed systematically from our new separability criterion

Exportaciones del Valle del Cauca. Determinantes, comportamiento y prospectiva

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Dubán F. Peña Benítez

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo centra su análisis en los determinantes de las exportaciones del Valle del Cauca en el periodo 1970 - 2004 y, en una predicción de corto y mediano plazo a través de un VAR y una función generalizada de impulso respuesta. Los hallazgos mostraron significancía de variables como el ingreso mundial (IM, el precio de los bienes exportables (TCR, los acuerdos comerciales (Aptdea y la dinámica de la oferta exportable (XV-1. La predicción para las exportaciones de la región estableció que la TCR tiene efectos positivos en el corto plazo, el ingreso mundial (IM impacta de forma positiva más en el largo que en el corto plazo y la variable acuerdos comerciales muestra importancia sólo de corto mas no de largo plazo.

Factores determinantes de la oferta exportadora láctea santafesina

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Rodrigo García Arancibia

2013-12-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo es conocer el impacto de algunos determinantes de la oferta exportadora de productos lácteos de la provincia de Santa Fe en el período 2000-2012. Para ello se propone un sistema de ecuaciones de oferta, modelando las exportaciones y el destino doméstico simultáneamente. Los resultados empíricos muestran que los precios de exportación, los precios mayoristas, la disponibilidad de leche cruda y variables coyunturales y estacionales resultan estadísticamente significativos para explicar la oferta externa e interna. Se concluye que las exportaciones son más inelásticas a sus propios precios que a los precios mayoristas internos, siendo muy elástica a la producción primaria.

UNA MIRADA EMPíRICA A LOS DETERMINANTES DEL DESPLAZAMIENTO FORZADO EN COLOMBIA

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Luis Eduardo Pérez Murcia

2001-12-01

Full Text Available Esta investigación propone un modelo empírico que falsea las distintas hipótesis explicativas sobre los determinantes del desplazamiento forzado. Según los resultados empíricos no se puede afirmar que los desplazamientos se presentan en los municipios ricos o pobres, pero sí se puede argumentar que se producen en zonas con gran potencial económico en donde por la existencia de fuertes mecanismos concentradores del ingreso, baja participación política y altos niveles de impunidad, las comunidades viven en condiciones de vulnerabilidad, que van más allá de la pobreza; el conflicto armado.

Critical Control Points in the Processing of Cassava Tuber for Ighu ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Determination of the critical control points in the processing of cassava tuber into Ighu was carried out. The critical control points were determined according to the Codex guidelines for the application of the HACCP system by conducting hazard analysis. Hazard analysis involved proper examination of each processing step ...

Determinantes sociodemográficos, antropométricos e alimentares de dislipidemia em pré-escolares

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Luciana N. Nobre

2013-10-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar os determinantes de dislipidemia em pré-escolares. MÉTODOS: A partir de um desenho transversal, foi avaliado um total de 227 pré-escolares com 5 anos de idade residentes em uma área urbana da cidade de Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Foram avaliados: variáveis bioquímicas, antropométricas, condição socioeconômica e comportamental, a partir de um questinário; e ingestão alimentar, a partir de um questionário de fequência de consumo de alimentos. Os padrões alimentares denominados "dieta mista", "fast food" e "não saudável" foram identificados por meio de análise de componentes principais. Os determinantes de dislipidemia foram examinados através da análise de regressão de Poisson. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de dislipidemia, neste estudo, foi de 65,19%. Os pré-escolares que consumiam com menos frequência alimentos do padrão "dieta mista" tiveram um risco maior de concentrações mais altas de lipoproteína de baixa densidade (PR = 2,30; p = 0,004, em comparação com aqueles com um consumo mais frequente do padrão "dieta mista". Os pré-escolares cujas mães apresentaram uma escolaridade mais baixa tiveram menor risco de concentrações mais altas de lipoproteína de baixa densidade (PR = 0,43; p = 0,003, e os pré-escolares que estavam com sobrepeso/obesos apresentaram maior risco de concentrações mais altas de lipoproteína de baixa densidade (PR = 2,23; p = 0,003. CONCLUSÃO: Os determinantes de dislipidemia identificados neste estudo foram o consumo menos frequente de alimentos do padrão "dieta mista", índice de massa corporal mais alto e um maior nível de escolaridade materna. Este estudo mostra que, apesar da baixa idade do grupo em estudo, já estão apresentando alta prevalência de dislipidemia, que é um fator de risco importante para doença cardiovascular.

Inseguridad alimentaria en los estados de México: un estudio de sus principales determinantes

OpenAIRE

Miguel Ángel Díaz-Carreño

2016-01-01

Este artículo presenta un análisis de los principales factores determinantes de la inseguridad alimentaria severa en las entidades federativas de México, para lo cual se utilizó un modelo econométrico de regresión lineal múltiple. Los resultados sugieren que el fenómeno de la inseguridad alimentaria severa en los estados de México durante 2012 responde principalmente a las variables de escolaridad media y crecimiento de la producción per cápita del sector primario.

Second-order analysis of structured inhomogeneous spatio-temporal point processes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Møller, Jesper; Ghorbani, Mohammad

Statistical methodology for spatio-temporal point processes is in its infancy. We consider second-order analysis based on pair correlation functions and K-functions for first general inhomogeneous spatio-temporal point processes and second inhomogeneous spatio-temporal Cox processes. Assuming...... spatio-temporal separability of the intensity function, we clarify different meanings of second-order spatio-temporal separability. One is second-order spatio-temporal independence and relates e.g. to log-Gaussian Cox processes with an additive covariance structure of the underlying spatio......-temporal Gaussian process. Another concerns shot-noise Cox processes with a separable spatio-temporal covariance density. We propose diagnostic procedures for checking hypotheses of second-order spatio-temporal separability, which we apply on simulated and real data (the UK 2001 epidemic foot and mouth disease data)....

CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA A GESTÃO DE REDES INTERORGANIZACIONAIS: FATORES DETERMINANTES PARA A SAÍDA DE EMPRESAS PARCEIRAS

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Leander Luiz Klein

Full Text Available As redes de cooperação entre empresas são estratégias usadas pelos gestores para atuar no mercado com o intuito de gerar mais valor às empresas e obter vantagem competitiva. Entretanto, verifica-se empiricamente que um número significativo de empresas saem das redes em que estavam inseridas. Nesse sentido, este estudo tem como objetivo identificar os fatores determinantes da saída de empresas das redes interorganizacionais das quais participavam. Para isso, foi realizado um estudo quantitativo com 140 empresas que pertenciam a redes de cooperação do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Para a coleta de dados, foi utilizado um questionário formado por 15 dimensões distintas, cada uma composta por 5 questões. Os dados foram tabulados em uma planilha do Excel e, posteriormente, analisados com a utilização do sofware AMOS 18. Os resultados confirmaram como fatores determinantes da saída das empresas das redes os Laços Sociais Anteriores Fracos, Seleção de Parceiros não estruturada, Gestão Individualizada, Falta de Confiança e Comprometimento, Baixa de Aprendizagem Interorganizacional, dentre outros. Os fatores determinantes encontrados nessa pesquisa ressaltaram a dificuldade que impera sobre as estruturas de governança e a gestão de redes. O desafio é organizar a rede de forma a evitar possíveis disfunções oriundas das decisões da gestão e amenizar os problemas identificados, fazendo com que as empresas se mantenham nas redes, gerando retornos e vantagens competitivas a elas.

Propuesta de abordaje sobre determinantes sociales de la salud y cambio climático en comunidades dependientes de los desechos sólidos en Managua, Nicaragua

OpenAIRE

Paredes Gaitán, Yolanda; Martín, Miguel; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Pediatria, d'Obstetrícia i Ginecologia i de Medicina Preventiva

2014-01-01

OBJETIVOS: Esta investigación elabora una propuesta de abordaje sobre los determinantes sociales de la salud y el cambio climático en una comunidad dependiente de los desechos sólidos en la ciudad de Managua, Nicaragua. Partiendo del análisis social y económico, tanto del país como de la comunidad en estudio, se plantean acciones sociales y económicas basadas en los determinantes sociales que inciden en la salud. DESCRIPCIÓN: Con base en el análisis social y económico hecho a la población dep...

Perturbed GUE Minor Process and Warren's Process with Drifts

Science.gov (United States)

Ferrari, Patrik L.; Frings, René

2014-01-01

We consider the minor process of (Hermitian) matrix diffusions with constant diagonal drifts. At any given time, this process is determinantal and we provide an explicit expression for its correlation kernel. This is a measure on the Gelfand-Tsetlin pattern that also appears in a generalization of Warren's process (Electron. J. Probab. 12:573-590, 2007), in which Brownian motions have level-dependent drifts. Finally, we show that this process arises in a diffusion scaling limit from an interacting particle system in the anisotropic KPZ class in 2+1 dimensions introduced in Borodin and Ferrari (Commun. Math. Phys., 2008). Our results generalize the known results for the zero drift situation.

Microbial profile and critical control points during processing of 'robo ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Microbial profile and critical control points during processing of 'robo' snack from ... the relevant critical control points especially in relation to raw materials and ... to the quality of the various raw ingredients used were the roasting using earthen

Determinantes de la cuenta corriente en Colombia: un enfoque intertempora

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Elkin Castaño,

1999-07-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo pretende examinar los determinantes de la cuenta corriente en Colombia entre 1950 y 1997 a partir del enfoque intertemporal. Este plantea, en su forma más simple, que las desviaciones transitorias del ingreso, del consumo privado y del consumo público, afectan positivamente, en el primer caso, y negativamente, en el segundo y tercero a la cuenta corriente. Esto es, los agentes económicos financian las caídas transitorias del producto y los aumentos del consumo, con respecto a sus niveles permanentes, mediante mayores ahorros externos, generando un déficit en cuenta corriente. La comprobación econométrica arroja evidencia favorable al enfoque intertemporal utilizado. Los movimientos de la cuenta corriente parecen estar más estrechamente asociados con las variaciones en el ahorro que en la inversión.

Determinantes del ingreso y del gasto corriente de los hogares

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Muñoz C., Manuel

2004-06-01

Full Text Available Este ensayo de investigación empírica analiza los determinantes del ingreso y del gasto en los hogares colombianos. Utilizando un modelo del ciclo de vida con datos de la encuesta de hogares de 1994 y 1995, muestra que el comportamiento del ingreso está afectado principalmente por las características demográficas del hogar y los rasgos socio ocupacionales de sus miembros. El comportamiento del gasto está determinado ante todo por el ingreso y, en menor medida, por las características sociales del hogar y el gasto de otros hogares con características similares. También examina la influencia de la incertidumbre acerca de los ingresos en el gasto de los hogares para comprobar si estos actúan con motivos de precaución.

Inseguridad alimentaria en los estados de México: un estudio de sus principales determinantes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Miguel Ángel Díaz-Carreño

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo presenta un análisis de los principales factores determinantes de la inseguridad alimentaria severa en las entidades federativas de México, para lo cual se utilizó un modelo econométrico de regresión lineal múltiple. Los resultados sugieren que el fenómeno de la inseguridad alimentaria severa en los estados de México durante 2012 responde principalmente a las variables de escolaridad media y crecimiento de la producción per cápita del sector primario.

Determinismo-indeterminación y el debate de los determinantes-determinación social de la salud / Determinism–indetermination and the debate on determinants- social determination of health

OpenAIRE

Fernando Peñaranda; Carlos E. Rendón

2013-01-01

El debate entre determinantes sociales de la salud o determinación social de la salud, promovido por la medicina social latinoamericana a raíz de la propuesta presentada por la Comisión sobre los Determinantes Sociales de la Salud de la oms, pasa por analizar la tensión entre determinismo e indeterminismo y sus repercusiones para concebir la causalidad desde un punto de vista histórico y epistemológico. Este artículo presenta algunas tendencias sobre la visión cosm...

¿Es el Tamaño de una Entidad de Crédito Factor Determinante de los Resultados Derivados de su Gestión?

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A. Javier Pérez García

1999-12-01

Full Text Available El objeto del trabajo se concreta en contrastar si la dimensión de una entidad de crédito es o no una variable determinante de la gestión empresarial. Para ello efectuamos un análisis estático transversal referido al ejercicio 1995, efectuando un análisis financiero riguroso e individualizado para 93, crédito españolas. Una vez identificados los factores determinantes de los resultados de la gestión empresarial, pasamos a estudiar el grado de relación entre las variables explicativas y explicadas, para terminar estableciendo una tipología de entidades en función de sus modelos de gestión aplicando diversas técnicas de análisis multivariable. El trabajo pone de manifiesto que el tamaño de una entidad de crédito no es un factor determinante de los resultados de la gestión. Asimismo detectamos la existencia de cinco modelos de gestión di firmándose que, desde un punto de vista técnico, una dimensión mayor no garantiza mejore derivados de la gestión de la entidad. No obstante, no podemos obviar que existen razones, e ponente político importante, que anteponen el crecimiento al logro de una rentabilidad ad dimensión. The objective of the article is to contrast if the size of a financial entity is a determining variable, in its performance measurement. To demonstrate this, we have carried out a static cross analysis, in relation exercise for 1995, performing a thorough and individual financial analysis on 93 Spanish financial entities. Once the determining factors of the performance measurement have been identified, we go the level of relation between variables in order to determine a class of entities in terms of their performance measurement applying multivariable analysis techniques. The study draws attention to the fact that the size of the financial entities is not a determining performance measurement. We detect the existence of five different performance models, confirming from a technical point of view, a greater

Equivalence of functional limit theorems for stationary point processes and their Palm distributions

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Nieuwenhuis, G.

1989-01-01

Let P be the distribution of a stationary point process on the real line and let P0 be its Palm distribution. In this paper we consider two types of functional limit theorems, those in terms of the number of points of the point process in (0, t] and those in terms of the location of the nth point

Determinantes sociales de la exclusión a los servicios de salud y a medicamentos en tres países de América Central

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Cecilia Acuña

2014-02-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Examinar los determinantes sociales que afectan la conducta de la población en relación con la búsqueda y obtención de medicamentos, y su relación con la exclusión de los servicios de salud para datos agregados de tres países de América Central: Guatemala, Honduras y Nicaragua. MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal, mediante la aplicación de una encuesta de hogares. La muestra del estudio se seleccionó de acuerdo al método de conglomerados. Los datos fueron analizados con el programa SPSS® V.17, utilizando estadística descriptiva y análisis bivariado, multivariado y por componentes principales (ACP. RESULTADOS: Aunque la mayoría de las personas pudo acceder a la atención en salud, la exclusión en salud (razón de probabilidades [RP] 4,10; intervalo de confianza de 95% [IC95%] fue el principal determinante de la falta de acceso a los medicamentos. Las características de la vivienda (RP 0,747, IC95%, la formalidad del empleo del jefe(a de hogar (RP 0,707, IC95% y las condiciones socioeconómicas del hogar (RP 0,462, IC95% fueron también importantes determinantes de la falta de acceso a los medicamentos. CONCLUSIONES: Los fenómenos de la falta de acceso a servicios de salud y a medicamentos no son independientes entre sí. Se corroboró que el sistema de salud, como determinante social intermediario de la salud, es un factor importante para la mejora del acceso a medicamentos. Las políticas públicas orientadas a alcanzar la cobertura universal deben contemplar esta relación para ser eficaces.

The cylindrical K-function and Poisson line cluster point processes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Møller, Jesper; Safavimanesh, Farzaneh; Rasmussen, Jakob G.

Poisson line cluster point processes, is also introduced. Parameter estimation based on moment methods or Bayesian inference for this model is discussed when the underlying Poisson line process and the cluster memberships are treated as hidden processes. To illustrate the methodologies, we analyze two...

Determinantes de la divulgación de información financiera: aplicación de una propuesta para su clasificación

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Saitua Iriba, Ainhoa

2008-11-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo reflexionamos acerca del papel que desempeña el campo de la investigación sobre los factores determinantes del nivel de divulgación de las empresas, para tratar de contribuir a la búsqueda de soluciones que promuevan las mejores condiciones de divulgación por parte de las empresas. Para ello, en el apartado segundo realizamos una propuesta teórica en relación con la dirección que a nuestro juicio debería seguir la investigación sobre los factores determinantes del nivel de divulgación de información. En el apartado tres aplicamos dicha propuesta a un trabajo de revisión de los estudios que se han publicado sobre la materia, y en el último plasmamos nuestras reflexiones finales.

Deformation analyse of the high point field Košická Nová Ves

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Sedlák Vladimír

2003-09-01

Full Text Available From the science point of view the deformation measurements serve to an objective determination of movements and from the technical point of view the deformation measurements serve to a determinantion of the building technologies and the construction procedures. Detrmined movements by means of using the geodetic terrestrial or satellite navigation technologies give informations about displacements in a concrete time information on the base of repeated geodetic measurements in the concrete time intervals (epochs.Level deformation investigation of the point of the monitoring station stabled in the fill slope territory Košická Nová Ves is the main task of the presented paper. Level measurements are realized in autumn 2000 (the epoch 200.9 - it is considered as the first epoch of the deformation measurement, and in spring 2001 (the epoch 2001.3 – it is considered as the second epoch of the deformation measurement.

INHOMOGENEITY IN SPATIAL COX POINT PROCESSES – LOCATION DEPENDENT THINNING IS NOT THE ONLY OPTION

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Michaela Prokešová

2010-11-01

Full Text Available In the literature on point processes the by far most popular option for introducing inhomogeneity into a point process model is the location dependent thinning (resulting in a second-order intensity-reweighted stationary point process. This produces a very tractable model and there are several fast estimation procedures available. Nevertheless, this model dilutes the interaction (or the geometrical structure of the original homogeneous model in a special way. When concerning the Markov point processes several alternative inhomogeneous models were suggested and investigated in the literature. But it is not so for the Cox point processes, the canonical models for clustered point patterns. In the contribution we discuss several other options how to define inhomogeneous Cox point process models that result in point patterns with different types of geometric structure. We further investigate the possible parameter estimation procedures for such models.

From point process observations to collective neural dynamics: Nonlinear Hawkes process GLMs, low-dimensional dynamics and coarse graining.

Science.gov (United States)

Truccolo, Wilson

2016-11-01

This review presents a perspective on capturing collective dynamics in recorded neuronal ensembles based on multivariate point process models, inference of low-dimensional dynamics and coarse graining of spatiotemporal measurements. A general probabilistic framework for continuous time point processes reviewed, with an emphasis on multivariate nonlinear Hawkes processes with exogenous inputs. A point process generalized linear model (PP-GLM) framework for the estimation of discrete time multivariate nonlinear Hawkes processes is described. The approach is illustrated with the modeling of collective dynamics in neocortical neuronal ensembles recorded in human and non-human primates, and prediction of single-neuron spiking. A complementary approach to capture collective dynamics based on low-dimensional dynamics ("order parameters") inferred via latent state-space models with point process observations is presented. The approach is illustrated by inferring and decoding low-dimensional dynamics in primate motor cortex during naturalistic reach and grasp movements. Finally, we briefly review hypothesis tests based on conditional inference and spatiotemporal coarse graining for assessing collective dynamics in recorded neuronal ensembles. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Características del conocimiento transferido como determinantes del rendimiento de los sistemas de franquicia

OpenAIRE

Beatriz Minguela Rata; María Concepción Rodríguez Benavides; José Ignacio López Sánchez

2009-01-01

En este trabajo se pretende analizar la influencia de la naturaleza tácita y el valor del conocimiento (dos características del conocimiento determinantes de la facilidad con la que se puede transferir el mismo) en el rendimiento de los sistemas de franquicia. Se ha llevado a cabo un análisis de regresión lineal sobre una muestra de establecimientos franquiciados en diferentes cadenas de franquicia y sectores de actividad que operan en España, midiendo el rendimiento tanto de manera objetiva ...

Análisis de los determinantes próximos e impacto de la ocupación en la fertilidad de mujeres peruanas

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Yordanis Enríquez-Canto

2017-04-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN Objetivo Estimar la capacidad predictiva de los determinantes próximos y el trabajo en la disminución de la fertilidad en mujeres peruanas en edad fértil. Métodos Análisis secundario de la Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar (ENDES de 2014 de Perú. La muestra fue de 20 396 mujeres entre 15 y 49 años de edad con actividad sexual en las cuatro semanas previas a la entrevista realizada. La variable dependiente fue el número total de hijos nacidos vivos y las variables independientes principales incluidas, trabajo, número ideal de hijos, máximo nivel educativo alcanzado y quintiles de riqueza. Se calcularon odds ratios (OR para estimar la fuerza de las asociaciones entre los determinantes próximos y la ocupación y la fertilidad mediante modelos de regresión logística. Se estimó la bondad de ajuste de los modelos con la prueba de Hosmer-Lemeshow y su capacidad discriminante, con curvas ROC. Resultados La fertilidad deseada (2,5 hijos por mujer fue más alta que la real (2,1. Los principales factores asociados con la reducción de la fertilidad fueron el nivel educativo superior (OR = 0,03; IC95%: 0,02–0,04, el número ideal de hijos entre 0 y 2 (OR = 0,13; IC95%: 0,11–0,15, y el trabajo dependiente (OR = 0,31; IC95%: 0,28–0,34. El área bajo la curva de los modelos fue 0,908 (IC95%: 0,898–0,917 y 0,91 (IC95%:0,891–0,928, respectivamente. Conclusión La acción de los determinantes directos (edad de inicio de las relaciones sexuales y del matrimonio retrasa el comienzo de la maternidad, mientras que los determinantes indirectos (mayor nivel educativo y pertenencia al quintil superior de riqueza suponen una mayor autonomía económica, que, a su vez, se asocia con niveles bajos de fertilidad. Asimismo, cuanto mayor es la dependencia en el trabajo, menor es la fertilidad de las mujeres encuestadas.

Condiciones de vida desde el enfoque de los determinantes sociales en salud en un grupo organizado de madres adolescentes

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Lady Rocío Quimbayo Fandiño

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Introducción: Las madres adolescentes que existen en condiciones de vida no adecuadas para su desarrollo presentarán un mayor riesgo de sufrir consecuencias no benéficas para su calidad de vida. El objetivo de esta investigación fue caracterizar las condiciones de vida desde el enfoque de los determinantes sociales en salud en un grupo de madres adolescentes en la Localidad de Suba. Materiales y Métodos: Diseño cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo y aplicación de una encuesta en una muestra intencional de 92 participantes.Fue desarrollado de Enero de 2010 a Junio de 2011. La información fue analizada en el programa estadístico SPSS versión 15. Resultados: En los resultados encontrados se determinó el perfil de la madre adolescentes desde los Determinantes Sociales de la Salud, las jóvenes se caracterizan por ser habitantes de un territorio definido por condiciones de alta vulnerabilidad, con escolaridad promedio: bachillerato, ocupación: estudiantes, amas de casa o desempleadas, es decir sin remuneración económica, estado civil en unión libre o soltera, la tipología familiar nuclear, lo que conlleva a la dependencia económica, la edad de inicio de relaciones sexuales en la adolescencia media (14 a 17 años, con poco uso de métodos anticonceptivos. Afortunadamente, las alteraciones de salud durante la gestación son mínimas y cuidan de la salud en los casos de alguna modificación haciendo uso de los servicios de salud, concluyendo así que las condiciones de vida desde los Determinantes Sociales en Salud, no generaron gran impacto en los mismos resultados de salud. Discusión y Conclusiones: El papel de la enfermera debe estar centrado en los diferentes campos de ejercicio: asistencial comunitario e investigativo, con el fin de que contribuyan al mejoramiento del bienestar de las madres adolescentes, estos papeles se pueden ejecutar desde los Determinantes Sociales de Salud Intermedios en

Múltiplos e seus determinantes: um estudo para o mercado de ações brasileiro

OpenAIRE

Arruda Filho, Rubens Paes de

2015-01-01

Esse trabalho tem como objetivo investigar a relação entre três múltiplos específicos (Preço/Lucro, Preço/Valor Patrimonial e Preço/Vendas) e seus determinantes (crescimento, payout ratio, risco, ROE e margem líquida), de acordo com a teoria apresentada por Aswath Damodaran. Para verificar essas relações, foram utilizadas duas metodologias econométricas distintas: A Regressão Linear Múltipla e o Modelo de Dados em Painel. Os dados coletados são referentes às empresas listadas no índice de açõ...

No linealidad de la relación entre la estructura de capital y sus determinantes

OpenAIRE

Sánchez Vidal, Javier

2009-01-01

El objetivo del trabajo es analizar si los factores que condicionan el endeudamiento de una empresa varían su influencia según el nivel de endeudamiento de aquella, para así poder estudiar, por ejemplo, los determinantes de la deuda de las empresas más apalancadas. Con una muestra de datos de panel de 17.776 empresas durante el periodo 2001-2006 se realizan las estimaciones mediante regresiones cuantílicas. Los resultados muestran que la regresión por cuantiles proporciona una perspectiva más...

FATORES DETERMINANTES PARA O AVANÇO DA ENERGIA EÓLICA NO ESTADO DO CEARÁ FRENTE AOS DESAFIOS DAS MUDANÇAS CLIMÁTICAS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mônica Cavalcanti Sá de Abreu

Full Text Available O trabalho identifica fatores determinantes para o avanço da geração da energia eólica frente aos desafios das mudanças climáticas. A pesquisa empregou métodos qualitativos para a obtenção de dados e configura-se como descritiva e exploratória. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com participantes do setor eólico, tomando o estado do Ceará como unidade de estudo. Os resultados indicam que as percepções e pressões dos stakeholders, as políticas públicas e os investimentos tecnológicos são determinantes para que a participação da energia eólica na matriz energética Brasileira seja ampliada. A perspectiva de um preço mais competitivo do KWh produzido é vital para o crescimento dos investimentos na implantação de parques eólicos. As empresas estão investindo na eficiência operacional dos aerogeradores e na adequação tecnológicas as características dos ventos do Nordeste Brasileiro. O diálogo com a comunidade revela-se também determinante para a viabilidade de implantação dos parques eólicos. A pesquisa aponta um cenário de incertezas para a segurança energética do país, no qual as empresas planejam suas estratégias com base nos benefícios oriundos de uma intensa participação do governo para alavancar este setor.

Process and results of analytical framework and typology development for POINT

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Gudmundsson, Henrik; Lehtonen, Markku; Bauler, Tom

2009-01-01

POINT is a project about how indicators are used in practice; to what extent and in what way indicators actually influence, support, or hinder policy and decision making processes, and what could be done to enhance the positive role of indicators in such processes. The project needs an analytical......, a set of core concepts and associated typologies, a series of analytic schemes proposed, and a number of research propositions and questions for the subsequent empirical work in POINT....

Determinantes de la demanda de empleo en el sector manufacturero colombiano, 2000-2010

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jesús José Rodríguez de Luque

2013-07-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se estudian los determinantes de la demanda de empleo del personal profesional, administrativo y obrero en el sector manufacturero colombiano. Los resultados muestran que la demanda de personal obrero presenta el tiempo medio de ajuste más elevado y es la más sensible a cambios en los costos laborales totales. Estos resultados indican que el gobierno, por medio de políticas que reduzcan los costos laborales no salariales, puede incentivar la demanda de empleo poco calificado. Finalmente, se encuentra que en el corto (largo plazo la demanda de personal profesional (administrativo es la más sensible a cambios en la producción.

Os determinantes da atuação dos intelectuais do trabalho no capitalismo contemporâneo

OpenAIRE

SILVA, Eliana Andrade da

2008-01-01

Este estudo discute os determinantes da atuação dos intelectuais do trabalho no capitalismo contemporaneo, a partir da realidade dos projetos de assentamento de reforma grária do Rio Grande do Norte. O desvendamento deste objeto teve como caminho metodológico a análise das principais transformações que ocorrem no âmbito do Mercado, do Estado e da Sociedade Civil na atualidade. Dessa forma, partimos do pressuposto que as transformações do capital tem forjado determinações par...

Definition of distance for nonlinear time series analysis of marked point process data

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Iwayama, Koji, E-mail: koji@sat.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp [Research Institute for Food and Agriculture, Ryukoku Univeristy, 1-5 Yokotani, Seta Oe-cho, Otsu-Shi, Shiga 520-2194 (Japan); Hirata, Yoshito; Aihara, Kazuyuki [Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505 (Japan)

2017-01-30

Marked point process data are time series of discrete events accompanied with some values, such as economic trades, earthquakes, and lightnings. A distance for marked point process data allows us to apply nonlinear time series analysis to such data. We propose a distance for marked point process data which can be calculated much faster than the existing distance when the number of marks is small. Furthermore, under some assumptions, the Kullback–Leibler divergences between posterior distributions for neighbors defined by this distance are small. We performed some numerical simulations showing that analysis based on the proposed distance is effective. - Highlights: • A new distance for marked point process data is proposed. • The distance can be computed fast enough for a small number of marks. • The method to optimize parameter values of the distance is also proposed. • Numerical simulations indicate that the analysis based on the distance is effective.

Determinantes do aborto provocado entre mulheres admitidas em hospitais em localidade da região Nordeste do Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Walter Fonseca

1996-02-01

Full Text Available Com o objetivo de identificar os determinantes do aborto provocado entre mulheres admitidas por complicações decorrentes dos abortos, nos hospitais-maternidades públicos em Fortaleza, CE (Brasil foram entrevistadas 4.359 pacientes entre 1º de outubro de 1992 e 30 de setembro de 1993. Os dados foram coletados através de questionário estruturado. São apresentados os determinantes dos abortos provocados em 2.084 (48% mulheres classificadas como tendo induzido aborto. Dois terços (66% das mulheres relataram a indução do aborto com o uso isolado do Cytotec(R (misoprostol ou associado a outro meio abortivo. Os resultados indicam que, na população estudada, a indução do aborto é prática comum entre jovens, solteiras (ou que vivem sem um parceiro estável, de baixa paridade, com escolaridade incipiente e não-usuárias de métodos contraceptivos. Recomenda-se a realização de estudos que investiguem os conhecimentos relacionados a percepções, conceitos culturais do aborto, e às razões por que mulheres pobres fracassam na adoção de métodos de planejamento familiar.

Determinantes do aborto provocado entre mulheres admitidas em hospitais em localidade da região Nordeste do Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fonseca Walter

1996-01-01

Full Text Available Com o objetivo de identificar os determinantes do aborto provocado entre mulheres admitidas por complicações decorrentes dos abortos, nos hospitais-maternidades públicos em Fortaleza, CE (Brasil foram entrevistadas 4.359 pacientes entre 1º de outubro de 1992 e 30 de setembro de 1993. Os dados foram coletados através de questionário estruturado. São apresentados os determinantes dos abortos provocados em 2.084 (48% mulheres classificadas como tendo induzido aborto. Dois terços (66% das mulheres relataram a indução do aborto com o uso isolado do Cytotec(R (misoprostol ou associado a outro meio abortivo. Os resultados indicam que, na população estudada, a indução do aborto é prática comum entre jovens, solteiras (ou que vivem sem um parceiro estável, de baixa paridade, com escolaridade incipiente e não-usuárias de métodos contraceptivos. Recomenda-se a realização de estudos que investiguem os conhecimentos relacionados a percepções, conceitos culturais do aborto, e às razões por que mulheres pobres fracassam na adoção de métodos de planejamento familiar.

DETERMINANTES DA DIVULGAÇÃO DOS INDICADORES DE DESEMPENHO DA GRI NAS EMPRESAS DO BRASIL E DA ESPANHA

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Alan Diógenes Góis

2015-01-01

Full Text Available O estudo tem por objetivo investigar os fatores determinantes da divulgação dos indicadores de desempenho de sustentabilidade da GRI nas empresas listadas nas bolsas do Brasil e da Espanha. Para tanto, foram analisados os dados de 94 empresas de capital aberto dos dois países que publicaram relatórios anuais e/ou de sustentabilidade, referentes a 2011, no padrão GRI-G3. A pesquisa é descritiva, com abordagem quantitativa dos dados, utilizando-se a Regressão Linear Múltipla para quatro modelos de disclosure (econômico, ambiental, social e de sustentabilidade. Os resultados mostram que as empresas da Espanha apresentam um nível de disclosure de sustentabilidade mais elevado, e que o nível de evidenciação geral, considerando o conjunto das dimensões da sustentabilidade (econômica, social e ambiental, corresponde a 72,7%. Quanto ao resultado dos modelos de regressão, observa-se que as variáveis independentes (Tamanho, Rentabilidade, Endividamento, Auditoria, Setor de Impacto Ambiental e Idade não explicam o disclosure econômico; porém, quanto aos disclosures ambiental, social e de sustentabilidade, as variáveis Tamanho e Idade são fatores determinantes.

Parallel Processing of Big Point Clouds Using Z-Order Partitioning

Science.gov (United States)

Alis, C.; Boehm, J.; Liu, K.

2016-06-01

As laser scanning technology improves and costs are coming down, the amount of point cloud data being generated can be prohibitively difficult and expensive to process on a single machine. This data explosion is not only limited to point cloud data. Voluminous amounts of high-dimensionality and quickly accumulating data, collectively known as Big Data, such as those generated by social media, Internet of Things devices and commercial transactions, are becoming more prevalent as well. New computing paradigms and frameworks are being developed to efficiently handle the processing of Big Data, many of which utilize a compute cluster composed of several commodity grade machines to process chunks of data in parallel. A central concept in many of these frameworks is data locality. By its nature, Big Data is large enough that the entire dataset would not fit on the memory and hard drives of a single node hence replicating the entire dataset to each worker node is impractical. The data must then be partitioned across worker nodes in a manner that minimises data transfer across the network. This is a challenge for point cloud data because there exist different ways to partition data and they may require data transfer. We propose a partitioning based on Z-order which is a form of locality-sensitive hashing. The Z-order or Morton code is computed by dividing each dimension to form a grid then interleaving the binary representation of each dimension. For example, the Z-order code for the grid square with coordinates (x = 1 = 012, y = 3 = 112) is 10112 = 11. The number of points in each partition is controlled by the number of bits per dimension: the more bits, the fewer the points. The number of bits per dimension also controls the level of detail with more bits yielding finer partitioning. We present this partitioning method by implementing it on Apache Spark and investigating how different parameters affect the accuracy and running time of the k nearest neighbour algorithm

Edit distance for marked point processes revisited: An implementation by binary integer programming

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hirata, Yoshito; Aihara, Kazuyuki [Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505 (Japan)

2015-12-15

We implement the edit distance for marked point processes [Suzuki et al., Int. J. Bifurcation Chaos 20, 3699–3708 (2010)] as a binary integer program. Compared with the previous implementation using minimum cost perfect matching, the proposed implementation has two advantages: first, by using the proposed implementation, we can apply a wide variety of software and hardware, even spin glasses and coherent ising machines, to calculate the edit distance for marked point processes; second, the proposed implementation runs faster than the previous implementation when the difference between the numbers of events in two time windows for a marked point process is large.

Effect of processing conditions on oil point pressure of moringa oleifera seed.

Science.gov (United States)

Aviara, N A; Musa, W B; Owolarafe, O K; Ogunsina, B S; Oluwole, F A

2015-07-01

Seed oil expression is an important economic venture in rural Nigeria. The traditional techniques of carrying out the operation is not only energy sapping and time consuming but also wasteful. In order to reduce the tedium involved in the expression of oil from moringa oleifera seed and develop efficient equipment for carrying out the operation, the oil point pressure of the seed was determined under different processing conditions using a laboratory press. The processing conditions employed were moisture content (4.78, 6.00, 8.00 and 10.00 % wet basis), heating temperature (50, 70, 85 and 100 °C) and heating time (15, 20, 25 and 30 min). Results showed that the oil point pressure increased with increase in seed moisture content, but decreased with increase in heating temperature and heating time within the above ranges. Highest oil point pressure value of 1.1239 MPa was obtained at the processing conditions of 10.00 % moisture content, 50 °C heating temperature and 15 min heating time. The lowest oil point pressure obtained was 0.3164 MPa and it occurred at the moisture content of 4.78 %, heating temperature of 100 °C and heating time of 30 min. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) showed that all the processing variables and their interactions had significant effect on the oil point pressure of moringa oleifera seed at 1 % level of significance. This was further demonstrated using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Tukey's test and Duncan's Multiple Range Analysis successfully separated the means and a multiple regression equation was used to express the relationship existing between the oil point pressure of moringa oleifera seed and its moisture content, processing temperature, heating time and their interactions. The model yielded coefficients that enabled the oil point pressure of the seed to be predicted with very high coefficient of determination.

Determinantes da transparência na gestão pública dos municípios portugueses

OpenAIRE

Nogueira, Sónia P.; Freitas, Ivone; Ribeiro, Nuno A.

2017-01-01

A transparência na gestão pública é fundamental para que exista uma aproximação entre os cidadãos e os gestores públicos, sendo considerada universalmente como um elemento de boa governação. Apesar dos esforços mais recentes, a pesquisa empírica atual ainda não fornece respostas definitivas sobre as razões que justificam as flutuações nos níveis de transparência. O objetivo principal deste estudo consistiu na identificação dos fatores determinantes de transparência na gestão pública dos mu...

Determinantes del perfil de ahorro en Colombia : una estimación para hogares e individuos

OpenAIRE

Daza Báez, Nancy Aireth

2011-01-01

En este documento se presenta un análisis de los determinantes del perfil de ahorro para hogares e individuos con el objetivo de contrastar la Hipótesis de Ciclo de Vida, utilizando la metodología expuesta en Deaton y Paxson (2000a y 2000b) con datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Ingresos y Gastos (ENIG) para los periodos 1984-1985, 1994-1995 y 2006-2007. Se encontró que para el análisis por hogar no hay evidencia que determine el cumplimiento de la Hipótesis del Ciclo de Vida, mientras que para...

Los determinantes de la percepción de inseguridad frente al delito en México

OpenAIRE

Vilalta, Carlos J.

2012-01-01

¿Qué determina la sensación de inseguridad frente al delito y qué podemos hacer al respecto? En este estudio se propone y pone a prueba un modelo correlacional que combina diferentes determinantes teóricos de la inseguridad y el miedo al crimen. La prueba se realiza en México y en dos ámbitos espaciales diferentes: el ámbito nacional y el ámbito del Área Metropolitana de la Ciudad de México. Las fuentes de información son la Encuesta Nacional de Victimización y Percepción sobre Seguridad Públ...

Full Counting Statistics for Interacting Fermions with Determinantal Quantum Monte Carlo Simulations.

Science.gov (United States)

Humeniuk, Stephan; Büchler, Hans Peter

2017-12-08

We present a method for computing the full probability distribution function of quadratic observables such as particle number or magnetization for the Fermi-Hubbard model within the framework of determinantal quantum Monte Carlo calculations. Especially in cold atom experiments with single-site resolution, such a full counting statistics can be obtained from repeated projective measurements. We demonstrate that the full counting statistics can provide important information on the size of preformed pairs. Furthermore, we compute the full counting statistics of the staggered magnetization in the repulsive Hubbard model at half filling and find excellent agreement with recent experimental results. We show that current experiments are capable of probing the difference between the Hubbard model and the limiting Heisenberg model.

Energy risk management through self-exciting marked point process

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Herrera, Rodrigo

2013-01-01

Crude oil is a dynamically traded commodity that affects many economies. We propose a collection of marked self-exciting point processes with dependent arrival rates for extreme events in oil markets and related risk measures. The models treat the time among extreme events in oil markets as a stochastic process. The main advantage of this approach is its capability to capture the short, medium and long-term behavior of extremes without involving an arbitrary stochastic volatility model or a prefiltration of the data, as is common in extreme value theory applications. We make use of the proposed model in order to obtain an improved estimate for the Value at Risk in oil markets. Empirical findings suggest that the reliability and stability of Value at Risk estimates improve as a result of finer modeling approach. This is supported by an empirical application in the representative West Texas Intermediate (WTI) and Brent crude oil markets. - Highlights: • We propose marked self-exciting point processes for extreme events in oil markets. • This approach captures the short and long-term behavior of extremes. • We improve the estimates for the VaR in the WTI and Brent crude oil markets

Fatores determinantes da retenção de peso no pós-parto: uma revisão da literatura

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kac Gilberto

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho constitui-se em uma revisão de literatura sobre fatores determinantes da retenção de peso em mulheres no pós-parto. Os resultados da revisão demonstraram que os principais fatores determinantes incluem o ganho de peso gestacional e a intensidade da lactação. Diversos estudos demonstraram que quanto maior o ganho de peso durante a gestação, maior a retenção de peso no pós-parto. O fumo esteve associado a uma menor retenção, enquanto a lactação só exerceu efeito protetor para a retenção de peso em alguns estudos. Diversos fatores, como a atividade física, o consumo de alimentos, a idade de menarca, número de abortos e o trabalho materno, ainda não foram devidamente estudados. Conclui-se que são escassos os estudos sobre mudanças de peso no pós-parto, o que sugere a realização de novos trabalhos sobre o tema, especialmente em países em desenvolvimento onde a obesidade ainda é pouco estudada.

Avaliação multidimensional dos determinantes do envelhecimento ativo em idosos de um município de Santa Catarina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fernanda Regina Vicente

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Este estúdio tuvo como objetivo evaluar los determinantes del envejecimiento activo en ancianos de 60 a 70 años residentes en Rodeio-SC. Estudio cuantitativo, exploratorio-descriptivo, cuya recopilación de datos ocurrió entre Abril y Agosto del 2011. Entrevistados 264 ancianos en sus hogares mediante utilización del instrumento para evaluación multidimensional del envejecimiento activo, después de la validación de contenido, realizada por peritos. Los datos fueron organizados en una hoja de cálculo en Microsoft Excel, y después se utilizo lo programa SestatNet para el análisis descriptivo. Los ancianos eran participativos en la comunidad y realizaban trabajo no remunerado (90,9%. Presentaron índice significativo de caídas (30,68%, pero, baja hospitalización (4,92%. Apesar de las comorbidades, los ancianos se mostraron satisfechos con sus vidas, realizaban actividades de recreación y físicas, regularmente. Se concluyó que si bien no todos los ancianos consiguieron una evaluación positiva en cada determinante del envejecimiento activo, de manera general, se mostraron independientes y satisfechos com su cualidad de vida.

Mass measurement on the rp-process waiting point {sup 72}Kr

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rodriguez, D. [Gesellschaft fuer Schwerionenforschung mbH, Darmstadt (Germany); Kolhinen, V.S. [Jyvaeskylae Univ. (Finland); Audi, G. [CSNSM-IN2P3-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 91 - Orsay (FR)] [and others

2004-06-01

The mass of one of the three major waiting points in the astrophysical rp-process {sup 72}Kr was measured for the first time with the Penning trap mass spectrometer ISOLTRAP. The measurement yielded a relative mass uncertainty of {delta}m/m=1.2 x 10{sup -7} ({delta}m=8 keV). Other Kr isotopes, also needed for astrophysical calculations, were measured with more than one order of magnitude improved accuracy. We use the ISOLTRAP masses of{sup 72-74}Kr to reanalyze the role of the {sup 72}Kr waiting point in the rp-process during X-ray bursts. (orig.)

Factores determinantes del ahorro interno en América Latina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos Añez

2002-01-01

Full Text Available El siguiente artículo aborda el problema del financiamiento de la inversión para un país en desarrollo, específicamente de la América Latina, tratando de revisar la literatura disponible para llegar a conclusiones sobre cómo los determinantes del ahorro en todas sus versiones -ahorro externo, ahorro privado y ahorro público- ejercen influencia sobre el proceso de crecimiento. Aun cuando la dirección causal exacta entre ahorro y crecimiento no ha sido establecida, el desarrollo de políticas económicas que estimulen el ahorro interno por encima del procedente del exterior, fortalecerían la capacidad de inversión interna y, al existir una correlación positiva entre estas variables, se potencia el proceso de crecimiento aunque otras variables igualmente pueden difuminar tal efecto. Se concluye que el incremento de la relación Ahorro Interno / P. I. B. sólo puede alcanzarse a través de esfuerzos comunes entre empresas, gobierno y el sistema financiero de estas economías.

ESTRATÉGIA DO DESENVOLVIMENTO URBANO COMO FATOR DETERMINANTE PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO INDUSTRIAL SUSTENTÁVEL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rúbia Tânia Welter

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Este artigo tem por objetivo identificar a estratégia do desenvolvimento urbano como fator do desenvolvimento industrial sustentável. Para alcançar este objetivo, foi realizada uma pesquisa documental e uma revisão histórico-bibliográfica de uma cidade, neste caso, a cidade de Joinville-SC. Foi realizado, também, um estudo sobre a evolução dos acontecimentos históricos da cidade pesquisada, como forma de estabelecer que estratégias adotadas interferiram neste processo de desenvolvimento. Como resultado, foram identificados os fatores estratégicos inerentes ou determinantes para o desenvolvimento industrial da cidade. Palavras-chave: Desenvolvimento urbano. Desenvolvimento industrial. Fatores estratégicos.

Análisis exploratorio de los determinantes del ingreso de la ocupación principal a nivel nacional y regional en Chile

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gabriel Leonardo Fuentes Pincheira

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Las enormes diferencias en el nivel de ingreso en Chile son una preocupación latente tanto de las autoridades públicas como de los trabajadores de la nación. Identificar los determinantes que producen la variación del ingreso de la ocupación principal entre un trabajador y otro, resulta atractivo para acercarse al estudio de la problemática de la desigualdad. Con el fin de analizar estos determinantes, se apeló al modelo de regresión de Mincer (1974 y a modo de ajustarlo a la realidad Chilena, se creó una ecuación ampliada integrando las variables género, edad y educación de los padres del individuo. Este trabajo utiliza datos de corte transversal por lo tanto reporta una mirada particular de la realidad nacional, siendo aplicado, además, en regiones. Se obtuvo como resultado que los determinantes con mayor relevancia en Chile son: género, años de escolaridad, experiencia laboral y edad. Income inequality in Chile is a main concern of both, government and workers. To identify the key factors that determine income variation in the main job between workers is appealing in order to approach the inequality problem. Mincer Earning Function (1974 was used to study the key factors of income inequality in Chile. An extended equation including gender, age, and level of education of the worker’s parent’s variables was built up in order to adapt data to Chilean reality. Cross sectional data analysis was conducted to tackle the country’s reality. The results showed that the key factors to income inequality are: genre, level of education, work experience and age.

Spatio-temporal point process filtering methods with an application

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Frcalová, B.; Beneš, V.; Klement, Daniel

2010-01-01

Roč. 21, 3-4 (2010), s. 240-252 ISSN 1180-4009 R&D Projects: GA AV ČR(CZ) IAA101120604 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z50110509 Keywords : cox point process * filtering * spatio-temporal modelling * spike Subject RIV: BA - General Mathematics Impact factor: 0.750, year: 2010

Hierarchical spatial point process analysis for a plant community with high biodiversity

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Illian, Janine B.; Møller, Jesper; Waagepetersen, Rasmus

2009-01-01

A complex multivariate spatial point pattern of a plant community with high biodiversity is modelled using a hierarchical multivariate point process model. In the model, interactions between plants with different post-fire regeneration strategies are of key interest. We consider initially a maxim...

A Marked Point Process Framework for Extracellular Electrical Potentials

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Carlos A. Loza

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Neuromodulations are an important component of extracellular electrical potentials (EEP, such as the Electroencephalogram (EEG, Electrocorticogram (ECoG and Local Field Potentials (LFP. This spatially temporal organized multi-frequency transient (phasic activity reflects the multiscale spatiotemporal synchronization of neuronal populations in response to external stimuli or internal physiological processes. We propose a novel generative statistical model of a single EEP channel, where the collected signal is regarded as the noisy addition of reoccurring, multi-frequency phasic events over time. One of the main advantages of the proposed framework is the exceptional temporal resolution in the time location of the EEP phasic events, e.g., up to the sampling period utilized in the data collection. Therefore, this allows for the first time a description of neuromodulation in EEPs as a Marked Point Process (MPP, represented by their amplitude, center frequency, duration, and time of occurrence. The generative model for the multi-frequency phasic events exploits sparseness and involves a shift-invariant implementation of the clustering technique known as k-means. The cost function incorporates a robust estimation component based on correntropy to mitigate the outliers caused by the inherent noise in the EEP. Lastly, the background EEP activity is explicitly modeled as the non-sparse component of the collected signal to further improve the delineation of the multi-frequency phasic events in time. The framework is validated using two publicly available datasets: the DREAMS sleep spindles database and one of the Brain-Computer Interface (BCI competition datasets. The results achieve benchmark performance and provide novel quantitative descriptions based on power, event rates and timing in order to assess behavioral correlates beyond the classical power spectrum-based analysis. This opens the possibility for a unifying point process framework of

Factores determinantes del rendimiento en el ejercicio de dominadas y efectos del entrenamiento concurrente de fuerza y resistencia

OpenAIRE

Sánchez Moreno, Miguel

2017-01-01

Programa de Doctorado en Actividad Física, Rendimiento Deportivo y Salud En la presente Tesis Doctoral se abordan una serie de problemáticas relacionadas, por una parte, con la mejora del entendimiento sobre aquellos factores que pueden ser determinante para el rendimiento en el ejercicio de dominadas y por otra parte, sobre cuestiones relacionadas con la influencia que puede tener la realización de dos grados de esfuerzo durante el entrenamiento de fuerza del miembro inferior sobre el re...

Determinantes del retraso de la interrupción voluntaria del embarazo Determinants of induced abortion delay

OpenAIRE

Laia Font-Ribera; Glòria Pérez; Albert Espelt; Joaquin Salvador; Carme Borrell

2009-01-01

Antecedentes: El momento de la gestación en que se induce una interrupción voluntaria del embarazo (IVE) determina el método, el riesgo de complicaciones y el coste económico de la intervención. El objetivo de nuestro estudio fue describir los determinantes del retraso de la IVE hasta el segundo trimestre de gestación en Barcelona. Métodos: Estudio transversal de las IVE por motivos de salud física o mental de la mujer (Barcelona, 2004-2005; N=9.175). El registro de IVE de la ciudad proporcio...

Determinantes sociales de la salud de la OMS en mujeres mexicanas con el virus de papiloma

OpenAIRE

Soltero-Rivera, Silvia Guadalupe; Cerda-Flores, Ricardo Martin; Cárdenas-Villarreal, Velia Margarita; Guevara-Valtier, Milton Carlos; Paz Morales, María de los Angeles; Patton-Leal, Adrián Carlos; Ramírez-García, Esther Justina

2016-01-01

Uno de los temas centrales de la OMS es el análisis de los problemas de salud mediante el modelo de Determinantes Sociales de la Salud (DSS: inadecuadas condiciones económicas, ambientales y de alimentación). El sistema sanitario de la OMS ha asociado algunas enfermedades tal como el Virus de Papiloma Humano (VPH) con losDSS. Desde el punto de vista de investigación cuantitativa, los DSS reportados por la OMS son: 1) edad de inicio de la actividad sexual, 2) múltiples compañeros sexuales, 3) ...

Investigation of Random Switching Driven by a Poisson Point Process

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Simonsen, Maria; Schiøler, Henrik; Leth, John-Josef

2015-01-01

This paper investigates the switching mechanism of a two-dimensional switched system, when the switching events are generated by a Poisson point process. A model, in the shape of a stochastic process, for such a system is derived and the distribution of the trajectory's position is developed...... together with marginal density functions for the coordinate functions. Furthermore, the joint probability distribution is given explicitly....

Determinantes de la equidad en el financiamiento de los medicamentos en Argentina: un estudio empírico

OpenAIRE

Dondo, Mariana; Monsalvo, Mauricio; Garibaldi, Lucas A.

2016-01-01

Resumen Los medicamentos constituyen un alto porcentaje del gasto en salud de los hogares, por eso, tener un sistema progresivo de financiamiento de medicamentos es fundamental para lograr un sistema de salud equitativo. Se ha propuesto que los determinantes de la equidad en el financiamiento son socioeconómicos, demográficos y asociados a la intervención pública, sin embargo, se ha avanzado poco en su evaluación empírica y en la cuantificación de su importancia relativa. En este trabajo esti...

Linear and quadratic models of point process systems: contributions of patterned input to output.

Science.gov (United States)

Lindsay, K A; Rosenberg, J R

2012-08-01

In the 1880's Volterra characterised a nonlinear system using a functional series connecting continuous input and continuous output. Norbert Wiener, in the 1940's, circumvented problems associated with the application of Volterra series to physical problems by deriving from it a new series of terms that are mutually uncorrelated with respect to Gaussian processes. Subsequently, Brillinger, in the 1970's, introduced a point-process analogue of Volterra's series connecting point-process inputs to the instantaneous rate of point-process output. We derive here a new series from this analogue in which its terms are mutually uncorrelated with respect to Poisson processes. This new series expresses how patterned input in a spike train, represented by third-order cross-cumulants, is converted into the instantaneous rate of an output point-process. Given experimental records of suitable duration, the contribution of arbitrary patterned input to an output process can, in principle, be determined. Solutions for linear and quadratic point-process models with one and two inputs and a single output are investigated. Our theoretical results are applied to isolated muscle spindle data in which the spike trains from the primary and secondary endings from the same muscle spindle are recorded in response to stimulation of one and then two static fusimotor axons in the absence and presence of a random length change imposed on the parent muscle. For a fixed mean rate of input spikes, the analysis of the experimental data makes explicit which patterns of two input spikes contribute to an output spike. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

CLINSULF sub-dew-point process for sulphur recovery

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Heisel, M.; Marold, F.

1988-01-01

In a 2-reactor system, the CLINSULF process allows very high sulphur recovery rates. When operated at 100/sup 0/C at the outlet, i.e. below the sulphur solidification point, a sulphur recovery rate of more than 99.2% was achieved in a 2-reactor series. Assuming a 70% sulphur recovery in an upstream Claus furnace plus sulphur condenser, an overall sulphur recovery of more than 99.8% results for the 2-reactor system. This is approximately 2% higher than in conventional Claus plus SDP units, which mostly consist of 4 reactors or more. This means the the CLINSULF SSP process promises to be an improvement both in respect of efficiency and low investment cost.

Digital analyzer for point processes based on first-in-first-out memories

Science.gov (United States)

Basano, Lorenzo; Ottonello, Pasquale; Schiavi, Enore

1992-06-01

We present an entirely new version of a multipurpose instrument designed for the statistical analysis of point processes, especially those characterized by high bunching. A long sequence of pulses can be recorded in the RAM bank of a personal computer via a suitably designed front end which employs a pair of first-in-first-out (FIFO) memories; these allow one to build an analyzer that, besides being simpler from the electronic point of view, is capable of sustaining much higher intensity fluctuations of the point process. The overflow risk of the device is evaluated by treating the FIFO pair as a queueing system. The apparatus was tested using both a deterministic signal and a sequence of photoelectrons obtained from laser light scattered by random surfaces.

Efficient point cloud data processing in shipbuilding: Reformative component extraction method and registration method

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jingyu Sun

2014-07-01

Full Text Available To survive in the current shipbuilding industry, it is of vital importance for shipyards to have the ship components’ accuracy evaluated efficiently during most of the manufacturing steps. Evaluating components’ accuracy by comparing each component’s point cloud data scanned by laser scanners and the ship’s design data formatted in CAD cannot be processed efficiently when (1 extract components from point cloud data include irregular obstacles endogenously, or when (2 registration of the two data sets have no clear direction setting. This paper presents reformative point cloud data processing methods to solve these problems. K-d tree construction of the point cloud data fastens a neighbor searching of each point. Region growing method performed on the neighbor points of the seed point extracts the continuous part of the component, while curved surface fitting and B-spline curved line fitting at the edge of the continuous part recognize the neighbor domains of the same component divided by obstacles’ shadows. The ICP (Iterative Closest Point algorithm conducts a registration of the two sets of data after the proper registration’s direction is decided by principal component analysis. By experiments conducted at the shipyard, 200 curved shell plates are extracted from the scanned point cloud data, and registrations are conducted between them and the designed CAD data using the proposed methods for an accuracy evaluation. Results show that the methods proposed in this paper support the accuracy evaluation targeted point cloud data processing efficiently in practice.

PARALLEL PROCESSING OF BIG POINT CLOUDS USING Z-ORDER-BASED PARTITIONING

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C. Alis

2016-06-01

Full Text Available As laser scanning technology improves and costs are coming down, the amount of point cloud data being generated can be prohibitively difficult and expensive to process on a single machine. This data explosion is not only limited to point cloud data. Voluminous amounts of high-dimensionality and quickly accumulating data, collectively known as Big Data, such as those generated by social media, Internet of Things devices and commercial transactions, are becoming more prevalent as well. New computing paradigms and frameworks are being developed to efficiently handle the processing of Big Data, many of which utilize a compute cluster composed of several commodity grade machines to process chunks of data in parallel. A central concept in many of these frameworks is data locality. By its nature, Big Data is large enough that the entire dataset would not fit on the memory and hard drives of a single node hence replicating the entire dataset to each worker node is impractical. The data must then be partitioned across worker nodes in a manner that minimises data transfer across the network. This is a challenge for point cloud data because there exist different ways to partition data and they may require data transfer. We propose a partitioning based on Z-order which is a form of locality-sensitive hashing. The Z-order or Morton code is computed by dividing each dimension to form a grid then interleaving the binary representation of each dimension. For example, the Z-order code for the grid square with coordinates (x = 1 = 012, y = 3 = 112 is 10112 = 11. The number of points in each partition is controlled by the number of bits per dimension: the more bits, the fewer the points. The number of bits per dimension also controls the level of detail with more bits yielding finer partitioning. We present this partitioning method by implementing it on Apache Spark and investigating how different parameters affect the accuracy and running time of the k nearest

Determinismo-indeterminación y el debate de los determinantes-determinación social de la salud / Determinism–indetermination and the debate on determinants- social determination of health

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fernando Peñaranda

2013-08-01

Full Text Available El debate entre determinantes sociales de la salud o determinación social de la salud, promovido por la medicina social latinoamericana a raíz de la propuesta presentada por la Comisión sobre los Determinantes Sociales de la Salud de la oms, pasa por analizar la tensión entre determinismo e indeterminismo y sus repercusiones para concebir la causalidad desde un punto de vista histórico y epistemológico. Este artículo presenta algunas tendencias sobre la visión cosmológica y epistemológica en la historia del pensamiento occidental que han marcado dicho debate, analizando las tensiones entre posiciones monista/pluralista por un lado y determinista/ indeterminista por el otro, y sus repercusiones sobre la forma de concebir al sujeto y su relación con la naturaleza, así como el papel de la libertad humana, la causalidad y el azar. En las conclusiones se propone una puerta de salida a las tensiones y conflictos analizados desde la dialéctica que permita superar la cosmovisión causal de la realidad, en la cual se dé espacio para la acción del sujeto como agente. The debate between social “determinants” or “determination” of health, fostered by the Latin American Social Medicine movement after the proposal of the WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health, involves analyzing the tension between determinism and indeterminism as well as its implications for conceiving causality from a historical and epistemological point of view. This paper presents some trends regarding the cosmological and epistemological view in the Western history of thought that have marked this debate. At the same time, it analyzes the tensions between monist / pluralist positions on the one hand, and deterministic / indeterministic on the other. Similarly, it analyzes their impact on the perception of subjects, the subject / nature relationship, and the role of human freedom, causality and randomness. The conclusions discuss a way out of the tensions

Two-step estimation for inhomogeneous spatial point processes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Waagepetersen, Rasmus; Guan, Yongtao

This paper is concerned with parameter estimation for inhomogeneous spatial point processes with a regression model for the intensity function and tractable second order properties (K-function). Regression parameters are estimated using a Poisson likelihood score estimating function and in a second...... step minimum contrast estimation is applied for the residual clustering parameters. Asymptotic normality of parameter estimates is established under certain mixing conditions and we exemplify how the results may be applied in ecological studies of rain forests....

ALTERNATIVE METHODOLOGIES FOR THE ESTIMATION OF LOCAL POINT DENSITY INDEX: MOVING TOWARDS ADAPTIVE LIDAR DATA PROCESSING

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Z. Lari

2012-07-01

Full Text Available Over the past few years, LiDAR systems have been established as a leading technology for the acquisition of high density point clouds over physical surfaces. These point clouds will be processed for the extraction of geo-spatial information. Local point density is one of the most important properties of the point cloud that highly affects the performance of data processing techniques and the quality of extracted information from these data. Therefore, it is necessary to define a standard methodology for the estimation of local point density indices to be considered for the precise processing of LiDAR data. Current definitions of local point density indices, which only consider the 2D neighbourhood of individual points, are not appropriate for 3D LiDAR data and cannot be applied for laser scans from different platforms. In order to resolve the drawbacks of these methods, this paper proposes several approaches for the estimation of the local point density index which take the 3D relationship among the points and the physical properties of the surfaces they belong to into account. In the simplest approach, an approximate value of the local point density for each point is defined while considering the 3D relationship among the points. In the other approaches, the local point density is estimated by considering the 3D neighbourhood of the point in question and the physical properties of the surface which encloses this point. The physical properties of the surfaces enclosing the LiDAR points are assessed through eigen-value analysis of the 3D neighbourhood of individual points and adaptive cylinder methods. This paper will discuss these approaches and highlight their impact on various LiDAR data processing activities (i.e., neighbourhood definition, region growing, segmentation, boundary detection, and classification. Experimental results from airborne and terrestrial LiDAR data verify the efficacy of considering local point density variation for

Prevalência de alterações fonoaudiológicas em pré-escolares da rede pública e os determinantes sociais

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Otília Valéria Melchiors Angst

2015-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: verificar a prevalência de alterações de fala, linguagem e motricidade orofacial, bem como uma possível associação destes fatores com determinantes sociais como, condição socioeconômica e escolaridade parental em crianças de 4 a 6 anos e 11 meses de idade, matriculadas em escolas municipais de educação infantil da cidade de Santa Maria - RS. MÉTODOS: a presente pesquisa caracteriza-se como transversal, de prevalência, em que participaram 262 crianças entre 4 a 6 anos e 11 meses de idade, estudantes de escolas da rede municipal. Realizou-se entrevista com os pais e avaliação fonoaudiológica (linguagem, fonética/fonologia, praxias articulatórias e buco-faciais e estruturas orofaciais. Os sujeitos foram agrupados conforme os critérios: renda familiar, escolaridade do pai e da mãe, alterações de linguagem, fala e motricidade orofacial. Os resultados passaram por análise estatística com o teste Exato de Fischer e nível de significância fixado em 5%. RESULTADOS: a alteração mais prevalente foi a de motricidade orofacial (31,30%, seguida das alterações de fala (21,37% e de linguagem (4,58%. Não foi encontrada associação entre as alterações fonoaudiológicas e os determinantes sociais. CONCLUSÃO: a amostra estudada apresentou alto índice de alterações fonoaudiológicas, o que evidencia a importância da atuação de fonoaudiólogos nas redes públicas de ensino. A não associação entre alterações fonoaudiológicas e determinantes sociais se deve, provavelmente, pela homogeneidade da amostra, sugerindo a realização de novos estudos com amostras mais heterogêneas.

Bridging the gap between a stationary point process and its Palm distribution

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Nieuwenhuis, G.

1994-01-01

In the context of stationary point processes measurements are usually made from a time point chosen at random or from an occurrence chosen at random. That is, either the stationary distribution P or its Palm distribution P° is the ruling probability measure. In this paper an approach is presented to

Bienestar subjetivo, renta y bienes relacionales. Los determinantes de la felicidad en España

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Iglesias Vázquez, Emma

2013-12-01

Full Text Available In the present paper we analyze the determinants of happiness proxying by subjective welfare. The main objective is twofold: on the one hand, to put to the test the Easterlin’s paradox (the lack of a direct relationship between income and subjective wellbeing at aggregate level and, on the other hand, to weight influence of relational goods in determining happiness. The analytical framework adopts the perspective of happiness economics and the empirical evidence is derived from the estimation of a microeconometric function of happiness applying a Logit model both when using cross sectional and panel data. The results show that in Spanish society income plays a secondary and subjective role, while other variables that are associated directly or indirectly to relational goods are revealed to be very important.En el presente trabajo se analizan los determinantes de la felicidad, entendida esta como satisfacción subjetiva revelada. El principal objetivo tiene un doble componente: por un lado, se trata de contrastar la paradoja de Easterlin para la sociedad española (ausencia de un vínculo directo entre el incremento de la renta per capita y la evolución del bienestar subjetivo revelado a nivel agregado y, por otro, evaluar el papel que desempeñan los bienes relacionales como determinantes de la felicidad. El marco analítico adoptado se encuadra dentro de la denominada happiness economics y la evidencia empírica se deriva de la estimación de una función microeconométrica de la felicidad aplicando un modelo Logit tanto en cortes temporales como en datos de panel. Los resultados obtenidos permiten concluir que en España el ingreso desempeña un papel secundario y subjetivo, mientras que se revelan como importantes las variables asociadas directa o indirectamente a los bienes relacionales.

Determinantes sociales de la alimentación en familias de estratos 4, 5 y 6 de la localidad de Chapinero de Bogotá D.C.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Diana M. Belalcázar

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: identificar cuáles son los determinantes sociales de la alimentación en las familias de estratos 4, 5 y 6 que viven en la localidad de Chapinero de Bogotá. Metodología: estudio observacional cualitativo descriptivo, de corte transversal. Con muestra de 150 familias, divididas proporcionalmente según estrato. El tipo de muestreo usado fue bola de nieve. Resultados: reflejan como determinantes sociales de la alimentación en los estratos: el nivel educativo, los gustos, la cultura y la influencia del medio social. Conclusiones: el nivel socioeconómico que corresponde al estrato, influye en la disponibilidad y acceso a los alimentos; el nivel educativo condiciona el ingreso familiar; la cultura y el entorno social (familia y amigos; y la intervención de los medios masivos de comunicación para promocionar productos alimenticios afectan el consumo y reforman los hábitos alimentarios, preferencias y gustos de los miembros del hogar.

Determinantes sociales del proceso salud–enfermedad de los universitarios. Área de salud, Universidad Nacional de Colombia–Bogotá

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Paula Beavides Castellanos

2015-01-01

Full Text Available En nuestros días al proceso de salud–enfermedad de los estudiantes universitarios de pregrado no se le otorga suciente relevancia dentro de las problemáticas de las universidades. La juventud se entiende como un período de la vida durante el cual, generalmente, se vive sin enfermedades y con capacidad de emprender y alcanzar la adultez esperada (1. Por esta razón, nos cuestionamos sobre la explicación de las principales enfermedades que sufren los estudiantes universitarios y qué aspectos las determinan e inuyen en su calidad de vida y desarrollo. El objetivo es analizar los determinantes sociales de la salud de los estudiantes del área de salud de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Bogotá. Materiales y métodos: se partió de una búsqueda de artículos e información relacionada, se realizaron encuestas y analizaron los estilos, condiciones y modos de vida de los estudiantes con base en los Modelos explicativos del proceso salud-enfermedad: los determinantes sociales de Pedro Luis Castellanos (2. Resultados: Los modos de vida de los estudiantes identicados explican el proceso de la salud y la enfermedad que viven, el cual se ve afectado por la escasa accesibilidad a los servicios de salud y uso del sistema de salud en general.

Determinantes de la supervivencia de microempresas en Bogotá: un análisis con modelos de duración

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leonardo Santana

2017-03-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del presente artículo es estimar la tasa de supervivencia de microempresas en Bogotá e identificar sus principales determinantes financieros. Para ello, se usa información del estado de la microempresa en el momento de su creación, a partir de los estados financieros de este tipo de empresas suministrados por la Cámara de Comercio de Bogotá (ccb. Dentro de esta información se incluyen la fecha de creación y de cierre de la empresa, o si esta se encuentra aún activa, así como el sector económico al que pertenece, el número de empleados y sus estados financieros iniciales. El trabajo calcula las principales razones financieras de rentabilidad, endeudamiento y liquidez, para realizar estimaciones con la ayuda de modelos de duración, con el fin de analizar el impacto que cada una de estas variables tiene en la vida de la empresa. Durante el ejercicio, se encontró que a mayor duración del negocio, mayor es su probabilidad de cierre. Además, dentro de los determinantes de duración están el número de empleados, su rentabilidad operativa inicial y su capacidad de generar ingresos para responder al servicio de la deuda.

Born-Infeld determinantal gravity and the taming of the conical singularity in 3-dimensional spacetime

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ferraro, Rafael, E-mail: ferraro@iafe.uba.a [Instituto de Astronomia y Fisica del Espacio, Casilla de Correo 67, Sucursal 28, 1428 Buenos Aires (Argentina); Departamento de Fisica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellon I, 1428 Buenos Aires (Argentina); Fiorini, Franco, E-mail: franco@iafe.uba.a [Instituto de Astronomia y Fisica del Espacio, Casilla de Correo 67, Sucursal 28, 1428 Buenos Aires (Argentina)

2010-08-30

In the context of Born-Infeld determinantal gravity formulated in an n-dimensional spacetime with absolute parallelism, we found an exact 3-dimensional vacuum circular symmetric solution without cosmological constant consisting in a rotating spacetime with non-singular behavior. The space behaves at infinity as the conical geometry typical of 3-dimensional General Relativity without cosmological constant. However, the solution has no conical singularity because the space ends at a minimal circle that no freely falling particle can ever reach in a finite proper time. The space is curved, but no divergences happen since the curvature invariants vanish at both asymptotic limits. Remarkably, this very mechanism also forbids the existence of closed timelike curves in such a spacetime.

Born-Infeld determinantal gravity and the taming of the conical singularity in 3-dimensional spacetime

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ferraro, Rafael; Fiorini, Franco

2010-01-01

In the context of Born-Infeld determinantal gravity formulated in an n-dimensional spacetime with absolute parallelism, we found an exact 3-dimensional vacuum circular symmetric solution without cosmological constant consisting in a rotating spacetime with non-singular behavior. The space behaves at infinity as the conical geometry typical of 3-dimensional General Relativity without cosmological constant. However, the solution has no conical singularity because the space ends at a minimal circle that no freely falling particle can ever reach in a finite proper time. The space is curved, but no divergences happen since the curvature invariants vanish at both asymptotic limits. Remarkably, this very mechanism also forbids the existence of closed timelike curves in such a spacetime.

Two-step estimation for inhomogeneous spatial point processes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Waagepetersen, Rasmus; Guan, Yongtao

2009-01-01

The paper is concerned with parameter estimation for inhomogeneous spatial point processes with a regression model for the intensity function and tractable second-order properties (K-function). Regression parameters are estimated by using a Poisson likelihood score estimating function and in the ...... and in the second step minimum contrast estimation is applied for the residual clustering parameters. Asymptotic normality of parameter estimates is established under certain mixing conditions and we exemplify how the results may be applied in ecological studies of rainforests....

Framework for adaptive multiscale analysis of nonhomogeneous point processes.

Science.gov (United States)

Helgason, Hannes; Bartroff, Jay; Abry, Patrice

2011-01-01

We develop the methodology for hypothesis testing and model selection in nonhomogeneous Poisson processes, with an eye toward the application of modeling and variability detection in heart beat data. Modeling the process' non-constant rate function using templates of simple basis functions, we develop the generalized likelihood ratio statistic for a given template and a multiple testing scheme to model-select from a family of templates. A dynamic programming algorithm inspired by network flows is used to compute the maximum likelihood template in a multiscale manner. In a numerical example, the proposed procedure is nearly as powerful as the super-optimal procedures that know the true template size and true partition, respectively. Extensions to general history-dependent point processes is discussed.

On estimation of the intensity function of a point process

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Lieshout, van M.N.M.

2010-01-01

Abstract. Estimation of the intensity function of spatial point processes is a fundamental problem. In this paper, we interpret the Delaunay tessellation field estimator recently introduced by Schaap and Van de Weygaert as an adaptive kernel estimator and give explicit expressions for the mean and

Analysis of multi-species point patterns using multivariate log Gaussian Cox processes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Waagepetersen, Rasmus; Guan, Yongtao; Jalilian, Abdollah

Multivariate log Gaussian Cox processes are flexible models for multivariate point patterns. However, they have so far only been applied in bivariate cases. In this paper we move beyond the bivariate case in order to model multi-species point patterns of tree locations. In particular we address t...... of the data. The selected number of common latent fields provides an index of complexity of the multivariate covariance structure. Hierarchical clustering is used to identify groups of species with similar patterns of dependence on the common latent fields.......Multivariate log Gaussian Cox processes are flexible models for multivariate point patterns. However, they have so far only been applied in bivariate cases. In this paper we move beyond the bivariate case in order to model multi-species point patterns of tree locations. In particular we address...... the problems of identifying parsimonious models and of extracting biologically relevant information from the fitted models. The latent multivariate Gaussian field is decomposed into components given in terms of random fields common to all species and components which are species specific. This allows...

Determinación global y salud: el marco amplio de los determinantes de la salud/ Global determination and health: the broad framework of the determinants of health

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Álvaro Franco-Giraldo

2013-08-01

Full Text Available El propósito de este ensayo plantea los desafíos de la salud mundial en la última etapa del desarrollo del capitalismo global y su relación con los determinantes socio-sanitarios de la salud, la vida humana y la Tierra, a partir de un concepto novedoso: el de la determinación global. Metodológicamente se desarrollan algunos ejes temáticos: determinación global y su relación con los determinantes sociales de la salud, consecuencias del capitalismo global, desafíos para la humanidad y la salud global, gobernanza y respuesta social global. Se discute la globalización del capitalismo como el principal determinante para la acción gubernamental, las políticas sociales y las políticas públicas en salud y sus consecuencias: la amenaza de las guerras, la crisis económica, el hambre, la degradación de la biosfera, los desplazamientos étnicos, ente otros. Propugna por enfrentar el deterioro de condiciones de vida y el aumento de desigualdades sociales, el gran desafío que explica los demás problemas de la salud global: la inequidades sociales, causantes efectivamente de la mala salud y de las desigualdades en salud. Dichas inequidades se manifiestan por razones geográficas, edad, género, etnia, educación y distribución del ingreso, pero devienen en última instancia de determinantes globales que se generan en la espera supranacional de la determinación. Se concluye defendiendo la acción global para superar la desigualdad y las inequidades que azotan al mundo actual y se propone una nueva categoría para entender los determinantes sociales: la de la determinación global, que tiene una capacidad explicativa mayor que las diferentes corrientes teóricas sobre determinantes y determinación social. The purpose of this essay is to present the challenges faced by global health during the last stage of the development of global capitalism and its relationship with the social and sanitary determinants of health, life and earth based on a

Determinantes de la inversión en I+D: un análisis empírico en empresas europeas de software y servicios informáticos

OpenAIRE

Fernández López, Javier

2013-01-01

Estudio empírico de los factores determinantes de la inversión en I+D en empresas europeas de software y servicios informáticos entre 2004-2010 Economía Financiera y Contabilidad Máster en Contabilidad y Gestión Financiera

Application of random-point processes to the detection of radiation sources

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Woods, J.W.

1978-01-01

In this report the mathematical theory of random-point processes is reviewed and it is shown how use of the theory can obtain optimal solutions to the problem of detecting radiation sources. As noted, the theory also applies to image processing in low-light-level or low-count-rate situations. Paralleling Snyder's work, the theory is extended to the multichannel case of a continuous, two-dimensional (2-D), energy-time space. This extension essentially involves showing that the data are doubly stochastic Poisson (DSP) point processes in energy as well as time. Further, a new 2-D recursive formulation is presented for the radiation-detection problem with large computational savings over nonrecursive techniques when the number of channels is large (greater than or equal to 30). Finally, some adaptive strategies for on-line ''learning'' of unknown, time-varying signal and background-intensity parameters and statistics are present and discussed. These adaptive procedures apply when a complete statistical description is not available a priori

La repetición máxima en el ejercicio de sentadilla: procedimientos de medida y factores determinantes

OpenAIRE

Inmaculada García Sánchez; Bernardo Requena Sánchez

2011-01-01

En la actualidad, investigadores y entrenadores utilizan la repetición máxima (1RM) en el ejercicio de sentadilla como la medida más identificativa y representativa de la máxima fuerza muscular en el movimiento de extensión de cadera y rodilla. El presente trabajo de revisión tiene el propósito de describir los procedimientos utilizados en investigación para evaluar la 1RM en el ejercicio de sentadilla y analizar los factores determinantes de su rendimiento. Con muestras de sujetos entrenados...

Factores determinantes de la innovación tecnológica de las PYMES del sector confección

OpenAIRE

Miraidy Elena Leal Morantes

2012-01-01

El rápido avance tecnológico y comunicacional producido en los últimos años, exige a las pequeñas y medianas empresas cambios profundos en sus estilos gerenciales, acordes a las oportunidades y limitaciones del medio en el que se encuentran inmersas. Sin embargo, muchas de ellas presentan dificultades, básicamente relacionadas con el acceso y uso de tecnologías de información. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar los factores determinantes de la innovación y desarrollo tecnológico...

Determinantes sociales de la mortalidad infantil en municipios de bajo índice de desarrollo humano en México

OpenAIRE

Duarte-Gómez, María Beatriz; Núñez-Urquiza, Rosa María; Restrepo-Restrepo, José Alonso; Richardson-López-Collada, Vesta Louise

2015-01-01

Introducción: Se realizó un estudio con el objetivo de identificar determinantes sociales de mortalidad infantil en zonas rurales en México, y recomendar estrategias para disminuir esta mortalidad. Métodos: Se tomó una muestra por conveniencia de 16 municipios de bajo índice de desarrollo humano. Se identificaron fallecimientos de menores de un año de edad a través de registros oficiales y de entrevistas con autoridades civiles, personal de salud y líderes comunitarios. También se realizar...

Determinantes sociales de la mortalidad infantil en municipios de bajo índice de desarrollo humano en México

OpenAIRE

Duarte-Gómez, María Beatriz; Núñez-Urquiza, Rosa María; Restrepo-Restrepo, José Alonso; López-Collada, Vesta Louise Richardson

2015-01-01

ResumenINTRODUCCIÓN: Se realizó un estudio con el objetivo de identificar determinantes sociales de mortalidad infantil en zonas rurales en México, y recomendar estrategias para disminuir esta mortalidad.MÉTODOS: Se tomó una muestra por conveniencia de 16 municipios de bajo índice de desarrollo humano. Se identificaron fallecimientos de menores de un año de edad a través de registros oficiales y de entrevistas con autoridades civiles, personal de salud y líderes comunitarios. También se reali...

Determinantes del uso del marketing OnLine en las empresas hoteleras de la ciudad de Puno, 2012

OpenAIRE

Cusi Montesinos, Marlene

2014-01-01

El trabajo de investigación se realizó con el objetivo de establecer las variables determinantes que permiten explicar el uso del marketing online y la situación de los otros sistemas de articulación comercial en las empresas hoteleras de la ciudad de Puno. La investigación es de tipo explicativa, de diseño no experimental, de corte transversal, con un tamaño de muestra probabilística de 62 empresas hoteleras, y en el que se hizo uso de técnicas de análisis multivariado en la cual se combinó ...

Fatores determinantes na escolha do sistema de custos para dar suporte ao processo de gestão: um estudo nas grandes empresas de Santa Catarina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cláudia Catarina Pereira

2004-11-01

Full Text Available O artigo analisa os fatores determinantes na escolha do sistema de custos nas grandes empresas de Santa Catarina, para dar suporte ao processo de gestão empresarial. A pesquisa foi realizada em 17 grandes empresas de Santa Catarina, de diversos ramos de atividade. Foram levantados os sistemas de custos utilizados, o tempo de utilização do atual sistema, a extensão de implantação, a integração entre este sistema e outros sistemas operacionais. Também buscou-se informações sobre os fatores determinantes na escolha do sistema de custos implementado nas empresas pesquisadas, as dúvidas e como estas foram superadas, bem como o papel do sistema de custos na gestão empresarial. A pesquisa realizada é do tipo exploratória, a partir de entrevistas semi-estruturadas e de análise documental. Os resultados da pesquisa permitiram identificar, como fatores determinantes para escolha de um sistema de custos, O auxílio à tomada de decisões e a gestão estratégica de custos. O custo de implantação foi considerado pelas empresas pesquisadas como um fator de pouca relevância. Observou-se que as grandes empresas usam no mínimo três métodos de custeio, um para cada tipo de informação desejada. Ainda, as empresas pesquisadas foram unânimes em responder que a maior deficiência dos sistemas de custos é não oferecerem projeções e estudos de cenários.

Exceso de confianza como determinante de la volatilidad en mercados accionarios Latinoamericanos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Arturo Lorenzo Valdés

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Proponemos un modelo EGARCH con una distribución t de Student estandarizada para las innovaciones. El modelo se usa para describir el comportamiento de la volatilidad de las series de rendimientos de los índices bursátiles para 6 economías latinoamericanas. A la ecuación de la varianza condicional se le agregan factores que representan el exceso de confianza de los inversionistas con lo que se busca determinar si este sesgo cognitivo afecta la volatilidad de los rendimientos. Los resultados sugieren que: 1 Las series de rendimientos analizadas pueden describirse adecuadamente con el modelo propuesto; 2 se cumple la característica de efecto apalancamiento en las series de rendimientos de Chile, Colombia, México y Perú; 3 en general se puede afirmar que el exceso de confianza es un determinante de la volatilidad; y 4 en periodos de crisis se pierde la confianza en los mercados financieros, principalmente el mexicano.

Determinantes del acceso al internet: Evidencia de los hogares del Ecuador

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Héctor Alberto Botello-Peñaloza

2015-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del artículo se centra en investigar los determinantes del uso de Iinternet en los hogares ecuatorianos en 2013, incorporando sus características socioeconómicas dentro de un modelo de elección discreta que realiza estimaciones sobre la probabilidad del uso de internet dentro del hogar, con base en los microdatos de la encuesta de uso de TIC. Los principales hallazgos sugieren que el ingreso y el grado de educación de los individuos ejercen las mayores influencias positivas en el uso de internet, al igual que se evidencian brechas significativas de género, con un asentamiento en las áreas rurales más que en las urbanas, especialmente por la falta de infraestructura. Estos resultados destacan la importancia de la intervención pública en el aumento del acceso a las nuevas tecnologías, a la vez que el papel del capital humano en la reducción de las brechas sociales en Ecuador.

AKaplan-Meier estimators of distance distributions for spatial point processes

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Baddeley, A.J.; Gill, R.D.

1997-01-01

When a spatial point process is observed through a bounded window, edge effects hamper the estimation of characteristics such as the empty space function $F$, the nearest neighbour distance distribution $G$, and the reduced second order moment function $K$. Here we propose and study product-limit

A case study on point process modelling in disease mapping

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Beneš, Viktor; Bodlák, M.; Moller, J.; Waagepetersen, R.

2005-01-01

Roč. 24, č. 3 (2005), s. 159-168 ISSN 1580-3139 R&D Projects: GA MŠk 0021620839; GA ČR GA201/03/0946 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z10750506 Keywords : log Gaussian Cox point process * Bayesian estimation Subject RIV: BB - Applied Statistics, Operational Research

Relação entre os caracteres determinantes das eficiências no uso de nitrogênio e fósforo em milho

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Felipe Bermudez Pereira

2013-10-01

Full Text Available O melhoramento genético das eficiências no uso de N (EUN e P (EUP é um dos meios para se obterem produtividades de grãos satisfatórias, com menores custos e de modo sustentável. Todavia, pouco se sabe a respeito da relação entre os caracteres determinantes dessas eficiências, o que tem dificultado o uso da seleção precoce e indireta. Portanto, objetivou-se, com este trabalho, identificar a relação entre os caracteres determinantes das eficiências no uso de nitrogênio e fósforo, em milho. Para isso, avaliaram-se 14 linhagens e 39 híbridos simples, em dois experimentos, em baixa e alta disponibilidade de N e P, em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com duas repetições, em esquema fatorial simples. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em telado. Foram utilizados tubos cilíndricos de PVC, com 4 dm³ de capacidade, preenchidos com dois tipos de substrato, de acordo com o experimento. As soluções nutritivas foram fornecidas a partir do sétimo dia após o transplantio, aplicando-se 250 ml tubo-1, a cada dois dias. As plantas foram colhidas em estádio de seis folhas completamente expandidas (V6 e os caracteres avaliados foram: massa da parte aérea seca (MPS, área de raiz específica (ARE, comprimento de raízes laterais (CRLat e axiais (CRAxi e os dois componentes da EUN e EUP, as eficiências de utilização (EUt e a de absorção (EAb. Foram realizadas análises de variância e de trilha dos dados coletados. Os caracteres de raiz não apresentaram efeitos significativos sobre as EUN e EUP. A MPS é o principal determinante das EUN e EUP, independentemente da disponibilidade nutricional.

DETERMINANTES SETORIAIS E SISTÊMICOS DAS EXPORTAÇÕES DE CARNE SUÍNA DOS ESTADOS UNIDOS: ANÁLISE COM QUEBRAS ESTRUTURAIS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tiane Alves Rocha Gastardelo

2015-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do artigo foi verificar alguns dos determinantes para o desempenho das exportações dos Estados Unidos, utilizando quebras estruturais para localizar mudanças nos impactos destes determinantes. Para isso, foram coletadas séries trimestrais e aplicado o método de mínimos quadrados com quebras estruturais. Duas quebras estruturais foram localizadas, resultando em três regimes. O primeiro período (1990T1-1999T4 foi um período de com maior impacto de variáveis sistêmicas (PIB e inflação, no qual o país buscava ganhos de eficiência produtiva e maior competitividade na Cadeia de Valor Global. O segundo período (2000T1-2008T3 com maior impacto do PIB, inflação, taxa de juros e abates de suínos, já com a eficiência garantida por um sistema de contratos com coordenação vertical intensa. Um terceiro período (2008T4-2014T2 mais sensível às variáveis, tanto setoriais quanto sistêmicas, resultante da crise de 2008 além dos surtos de H1N1.

Simple computation of reaction–diffusion processes on point clouds

KAUST Repository

Macdonald, Colin B.

2013-05-20

The study of reaction-diffusion processes is much more complicated on general curved surfaces than on standard Cartesian coordinate spaces. Here we show how to formulate and solve systems of reaction-diffusion equations on surfaces in an extremely simple way, using only the standard Cartesian form of differential operators, and a discrete unorganized point set to represent the surface. Our method decouples surface geometry from the underlying differential operators. As a consequence, it becomes possible to formulate and solve rather general reaction-diffusion equations on general surfaces without having to consider the complexities of differential geometry or sophisticated numerical analysis. To illustrate the generality of the method, computations for surface diffusion, pattern formation, excitable media, and bulk-surface coupling are provided for a variety of complex point cloud surfaces.

Simple computation of reaction–diffusion processes on point clouds

KAUST Repository

Macdonald, Colin B.; Merriman, Barry; Ruuth, Steven J.

2013-01-01

The study of reaction-diffusion processes is much more complicated on general curved surfaces than on standard Cartesian coordinate spaces. Here we show how to formulate and solve systems of reaction-diffusion equations on surfaces in an extremely simple way, using only the standard Cartesian form of differential operators, and a discrete unorganized point set to represent the surface. Our method decouples surface geometry from the underlying differential operators. As a consequence, it becomes possible to formulate and solve rather general reaction-diffusion equations on general surfaces without having to consider the complexities of differential geometry or sophisticated numerical analysis. To illustrate the generality of the method, computations for surface diffusion, pattern formation, excitable media, and bulk-surface coupling are provided for a variety of complex point cloud surfaces.

Mean-field inference of Hawkes point processes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bacry, Emmanuel; Gaïffas, Stéphane; Mastromatteo, Iacopo; Muzy, Jean-François

2016-01-01

We propose a fast and efficient estimation method that is able to accurately recover the parameters of a d-dimensional Hawkes point-process from a set of observations. We exploit a mean-field approximation that is valid when the fluctuations of the stochastic intensity are small. We show that this is notably the case in situations when interactions are sufficiently weak, when the dimension of the system is high or when the fluctuations are self-averaging due to the large number of past events they involve. In such a regime the estimation of a Hawkes process can be mapped on a least-squares problem for which we provide an analytic solution. Though this estimator is biased, we show that its precision can be comparable to the one of the maximum likelihood estimator while its computation speed is shown to be improved considerably. We give a theoretical control on the accuracy of our new approach and illustrate its efficiency using synthetic datasets, in order to assess the statistical estimation error of the parameters. (paper)

Variational approach for spatial point process intensity estimation

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Coeurjolly, Jean-Francois; Møller, Jesper

is assumed to be of log-linear form β+θ⊤z(u) where z is a spatial covariate function and the focus is on estimating θ. The variational estimator is very simple to implement and quicker than alternative estimation procedures. We establish its strong consistency and asymptotic normality. We also discuss its...... finite-sample properties in comparison with the maximum first order composite likelihood estimator when considering various inhomogeneous spatial point process models and dimensions as well as settings were z is completely or only partially known....

Spatial point process analysis for a plant community with high biodiversity

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Illian, Janine; Møller, Jesper; Waagepetersen, Rasmus Plenge

A complex multivariate spatial point pattern for a plant community with high biodiversity is modelled using a hierarchical multivariate point process model. In the model, interactions between plants with different post-fire regeneration strategies are of key interest. We consider initially...... a maximum likelihood approach to inference where problems arise due to unknown interaction radii for the plants. We next demonstrate that a Bayesian approach provides a flexible framework for incorporating prior information concerning the interaction radii. From an ecological perspective, we are able both...

End point detection in ion milling processes by sputter-induced optical emission spectroscopy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lu, C.; Dorian, M.; Tabei, M.; Elsea, A.

1984-01-01

The characteristic optical emission from the sputtered material during ion milling processes can provide an unambiguous indication of the presence of the specific etched species. By monitoring the intensity of a representative emission line, the etching process can be precisely terminated at an interface. Enhancement of the etching end point is possible by using a dual-channel photodetection system operating in a ratio or difference mode. The installation of the optical detection system to an existing etching chamber has been greatly facilitated by the use of optical fibers. Using a commercial ion milling system, experimental data for a number of etching processes have been obtained. The result demonstrates that sputter-induced optical emission spectroscopy offers many advantages over other techniques in detecting the etching end point of ion milling processes

Bayesian inference for multivariate point processes observed at sparsely distributed times

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rasmussen, Jakob Gulddahl; Møller, Jesper; Aukema, B.H.

We consider statistical and computational aspects of simulation-based Bayesian inference for a multivariate point process which is only observed at sparsely distributed times. For specicity we consider a particular data set which has earlier been analyzed by a discrete time model involving unknown...... normalizing constants. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using continuous time processes compared to discrete time processes in the setting of the present paper as well as other spatial-temporal situations. Keywords: Bark beetle, conditional intensity, forest entomology, Markov chain Monte Carlo...

Assessment of Peer Mediation Process from Conflicting Students’ Point of Views

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fulya TÜRK

2016-12-01

Full Text Available The purpose of this study was to analyze peer mediation process that was applied in a high school on conflicting students’ point of views. This research was carried out in a high school in Denizli. After ten sessions of training in peer mediation, peer mediators mediated peers’ real conflicts. In the research, 41 students (28 girls, 13 boys who got help at least once were interviewed as a party to the conflict. Through semistructured interviews with conflicting students, the mediation process has been evaluated through the point of views of students. Eight questions were asked about the conflicting parties. Verbal data obtained from interviews were analyzed using the content analysis. When conflicting students’ opinions and experiences about peer mediation were analyzed, it is seen that they were satisfied regarding the process, they have resolved their conflicts in a constructive and peaceful way, their friendship has been continuing as before. All of these results also indicate that peer mediation is an effective method of resolving student conflicts constructively

Hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) for an ultrasound food processing operation.

Science.gov (United States)

Chemat, Farid; Hoarau, Nicolas

2004-05-01

Emerging technologies, such as ultrasound (US), used for food and drink production often cause hazards for product safety. Classical quality control methods are inadequate to control these hazards. Hazard analysis of critical control points (HACCP) is the most secure and cost-effective method for controlling possible product contamination or cross-contamination, due to physical or chemical hazard during production. The following case study on the application of HACCP to an US food-processing operation demonstrates how the hazards at the critical control points of the process are effectively controlled through the implementation of HACCP.

Factores determinantes de la innovación en las microempresas españolas: La importancia de los factores internos

OpenAIRE

Benito Hernández, Sonia; Platero Jaime, Manuel; Rodríguez Duarte, Antonio

2012-01-01

Este trabajo estudia los factores determinantes de la innovación en las microempresas espa- ñolas. Los resultados de una muestra de 148 empresas de menos de 10 empleados parecen concluir que ciertos factores del entorno, cuya influencia ha sido ampliamente contrastada para el caso de las empresas más grandes, pierden poder a la hora de explicar la decisión de innovar en las empresas más pequeñas, en favor de factores de carácter interno, asociados a la figura individual del mic...

Determinantes socioculturales: su relación con el rendimiento académico en alumnos de enseñanza universitaria

OpenAIRE

Santángelo, Georgina

2015-01-01

El presente trabajo de tesis tiene por finalidad realizar un aporte al estudio de los determinantes socioculturales y su relación con el rendimiento académico en el nivel superior. Para tal fin se realizó un estudio de tipo exploratorio descriptivo con un instrumento de recolección de datos tipo encuesta, tomando como referencia la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Provincia de Buenos Aires, República Argentina, para la realización de las mismas. El ren...

Novel evaluation metrics for sparse spatio-temporal point process hotspot predictions - a crime case study

OpenAIRE

Adepeju, M.; Rosser, G.; Cheng, T.

2016-01-01

Many physical and sociological processes are represented as discrete events in time and space. These spatio-temporal point processes are often sparse, meaning that they cannot be aggregated and treated with conventional regression models. Models based on the point process framework may be employed instead for prediction purposes. Evaluating the predictive performance of these models poses a unique challenge, as the same sparseness prevents the use of popular measures such as the root mean squ...

Putting to point the production process of iodine-131 by dry distillation (Preoperational tests)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alanis M, J.

2002-12-01

With the purpose of putting to point the process of production of 131 I, one of the objectives of carrying out the realization of operational tests of the production process of iodine-131, it was of verifying the operation of each one of the following components: heating systems, vacuum system, mechanical system and peripheral equipment that are part of the production process of iodine-131, another of the objectives, was settling down the optimal parameters that were applied in each process during the obtaining of iodine-131, it is necessary to point out that this objective is very important, since the components of the equipment are new and its behavior during the process is different to the equipment where its were carried out the experimental studies. (Author)

FATORES DETERMINANTES DA TOMADA DE DECISÃO PARA O CONSUMO DE PRODUTOS ORGÂNICOS EM UMA FEIRA LIVRE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ilton Belchior Cruvinel

2017-06-01

renda familiar média de 8,3 salários mínimos e que consome produtos orgânicos de três a sete vezes por semana. Os principais fatores determinantes para a tomada de decisão de compra dos produtos orgânicos foram a preocupação com a saúde, com o meio ambiente e com a qualidade dos produtos. Foi possível verificar um interesse crescente do consumidor por alimentação orgânica e, Consequentemente, saudável e sustentável.

SINGLE TREE DETECTION FROM AIRBORNE LASER SCANNING DATA USING A MARKED POINT PROCESS BASED METHOD

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

J. Zhang

2013-05-01

Full Text Available Tree detection and reconstruction is of great interest in large-scale city modelling. In this paper, we present a marked point process model to detect single trees from airborne laser scanning (ALS data. We consider single trees in ALS recovered canopy height model (CHM as a realization of point process of circles. Unlike traditional marked point process, we sample the model in a constraint configuration space by making use of image process techniques. A Gibbs energy is defined on the model, containing a data term which judge the fitness of the model with respect to the data, and prior term which incorporate the prior knowledge of object layouts. We search the optimal configuration through a steepest gradient descent algorithm. The presented hybrid framework was test on three forest plots and experiments show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Statistical representation of a spray as a point process

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Subramaniam, S.

2000-01-01

The statistical representation of a spray as a finite point process is investigated. One objective is to develop a better understanding of how single-point statistical information contained in descriptions such as the droplet distribution function (ddf), relates to the probability density functions (pdfs) associated with the droplets themselves. Single-point statistical information contained in the droplet distribution function (ddf) is shown to be related to a sequence of single surrogate-droplet pdfs, which are in general different from the physical single-droplet pdfs. It is shown that the ddf contains less information than the fundamental single-point statistical representation of the spray, which is also described. The analysis shows which events associated with the ensemble of spray droplets can be characterized by the ddf, and which cannot. The implications of these findings for the ddf approach to spray modeling are discussed. The results of this study also have important consequences for the initialization and evolution of direct numerical simulations (DNS) of multiphase flows, which are usually initialized on the basis of single-point statistics such as the droplet number density in physical space. If multiphase DNS are initialized in this way, this implies that even the initial representation contains certain implicit assumptions concerning the complete ensemble of realizations, which are invalid for general multiphase flows. Also the evolution of a DNS initialized in this manner is shown to be valid only if an as yet unproven commutation hypothesis holds true. Therefore, it is questionable to what extent DNS that are initialized in this manner constitute a direct simulation of the physical droplets. Implications of these findings for large eddy simulations of multiphase flows are also discussed. (c) 2000 American Institute of Physics

Avaliação multidimensional dos determinantes do envelhecimento ativo em idosos de um município de Santa Catarina

OpenAIRE

Fernanda Regina Vicente; Silvia Maria Azevedo dos Santos

2013-01-01

Este estúdio tuvo como objetivo evaluar los determinantes del envejecimiento activo en ancianos de 60 a 70 años residentes en Rodeio-SC. Estudio cuantitativo, exploratorio-descriptivo, cuya recopilación de datos ocurrió entre Abril y Agosto del 2011. Entrevistados 264 ancianos en sus hogares mediante utilización del instrumento para evaluación multidimensional del envejecimiento activo, después de la validación de contenido, realizada por peritos. Los datos fueron organizados en una hoja de c...

MODELLING AND SIMULATION OF A NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL EXPERIMENT BY SPATIO-TEMPORAL POINT PROCESSES

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Viktor Beneš

2011-05-01

Full Text Available We present a stochastic model of an experimentmonitoring the spiking activity of a place cell of hippocampus of an experimental animal moving in an arena. Doubly stochastic spatio-temporal point process is used to model and quantify overdispersion. Stochastic intensity is modelled by a Lévy based random field while the animal path is simplified to a discrete random walk. In a simulation study first a method suggested previously is used. Then it is shown that a solution of the filtering problem yields the desired inference to the random intensity. Two approaches are suggested and the new one based on finite point process density is applied. Using Markov chain Monte Carlo we obtain numerical results from the simulated model. The methodology is discussed.

Dense range images from sparse point clouds using multi-scale processing

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Do, Q.L.; Ma, L.; With, de P.H.N.

2013-01-01

Multi-modal data processing based on visual and depth/range images has become relevant in computer vision for 3D reconstruction applications such as city modeling, robot navigation etc. In this paper, we generate highaccuracy dense range images from sparse point clouds to facilitate such

Determinantes biopsicossociais do processo de inclusão laboral da pessoa estomizada

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Vanessa Cristina Mauricio

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Estudo cujo objeto tratou dos determinantes biopsicossociais dos estomizados que facilitam e/ou dificultam sua inclusão laboral. Os objetivos foram identificar e analisar as dificuldades e facilidades das pessoas com estoma para inclusão no trabalho. Pesquisa descritivo-exploratória, qualitativa, realizada com 20 estomizados através de entrevista semiestruturada; utilizandose Análise Temática de Conteúdo. Os resultados revelaram que as principais dificuldades dos estomizados para adentrarem ao ambiente laboral foram a perda do controle esfincteriano, o isolamento social e a falta de oportunidades de empregos adequados à sua nova condição de saúde. Os principais agentes facilitadores foram a criação de banheiros adaptados e a flexibilidade de horários. Conclui-se que as mudanças biopsicossociais causadas pela presença do estoma podem dificultar a inclusão no trabalho do estomizado, porém, com o apoio social, podem-se criar condições flexíveis que os auxiliem em seu retorno às atividades laborativas.

La industria minera en México: patrones de desempeño y determinantes de eficiencia

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Edgar David Gaytán

2014-01-01

Full Text Available El propósito del presente artículo es cuantificar y analizar los niveles de eficiencia técnica en la minería no petrolera de México. Se emplea el análisis envolvente de datos (DEA y un modelo econométrico de panel que explora las determinantes de la eficiencia en la operación minera, considerando variables características de la Teoría Económica Regional. Los resultados muestran la consistencia de los patrones de localización, espe¬cialización e infraestructura productiva como factores explicativos de la eficiencia; asimismo, estos constituyen un referente que explica los factores puntuales a mejorar para elevar los niveles de eficiencia en el aprovechamiento de los diferentes minerales estudiados.

La industria minera en México: patrones de desempeño y determinantes de eficiencia

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Edgar Gaytán

2014-01-01

Full Text Available El propósito del presente artículo es cuantificar y analizar los niveles de eficiencia técnica en la minería no petrolera de México. Se emplea el análisis envolvente de datos (DEA y un modelo econométrico de panel que explora las determinantes de la eficiencia en la operación minera, considerando variables características de la Teoría Económica Regional. Los resultados muestran la consistencia de los patrones de localización, especialización e infraestructura productiva como factores explicativos de la eficiencia; asimismo, estos constituyen un referente que explica los factores puntuales a mejorar para elevar los niveles de eficiencia en el aprovechamiento de los diferentes minerales estudiados.

Análisis de los determinantes socioeconómicos del gasto de bolsillo en medicamentos en seis zonas geográficas de Panamá.

Science.gov (United States)

Herrera-Ballesteros, Victor H; Castro, Franz; Gómez, Beatriz

2018-04-27

Caracterizar el gasto de bolsillo privado en medicamentos en función de los determinantes sociodemográficos y socioeconómicos. MATERIALES Y MéTODOS: La fuente de datos es la Encuesta de Gasto de Bolsillo en Medicamentos de 2014. Se caracterizó el gasto de bolsillo privado mediante variables explicativas sociodemográficas (SOD) y socioeconómicas (SES). Se hizo análisis factorial por componentes principales, regresión logística y lineal simple. Los Odds Ratio demuestran que la educación y la zona geográfica son determinantes fundamentales que inciden en el gasto de bolsillo. Los medicamentos son productos necesarios, en adición a que el gasto de bolsillo aumenta a un promedio del 2% por cada año de vida cronológica adicional. Existe mayor vulnerabilidad en las zonas más pauperizadas respecto del acceso a medicamentos, en especial en las indígenas e implica un mayor riesgo de gasto catastrófico a menor ingreso ante la mayor prevalencia de enfermedades crónicas. Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Determinantes técnicos para la localización de un centro offshore de ingeniería. Una valoración desde la práctica

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Carlos Lli Torrabadella

2015-05-01

Full Text Available A partir de la existencia de recursos productivos y de un talento disponible en diseño e ingeniería, la implantación de centros offshore se está convirtiendo para las empresas de ingeniería en una estrategia de internacionalización exitosa. El fuerte desarrollo de las empresas españolas del área de servicios de ingeniería debido a la creación de una burbuja inmobiliaria en los años previos a la actual Primera Crisis Global, ha generalizado dicha estrategia. El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar cuáles son los determinantes técnicos para la realización de un proceso de offshoring, para lo cual se analizan los tipos que existen en el mercado y se analiza, a través de una encuesta realizada entre directivos de empresas de servicios de ingeniería, la valoración de dichos determinantes en el caso español. Se finaliza con unas conclusiones.

Determinantes sociales de la salud en el embarazo, postparto y maternidad reciente: el impacto de la migración

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Lígia Moreira Almeida

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Esta investigación buscó establecer una interfaz entre Salud Pública y Medicina Social. Su objetivo principal se basó en la evaluación de desigualdades teóricas en el acceso, utilización y calidad del cuidado à la salud materna en madres recientes inmigrantes y su interacción con los determinantes sociales de la salud. El plan de investigación subyacente fue diseñado para explorar determinantes clínicos, individuales y sociales específicos en salud materna (en embarazo y posparto. Otro objetivo específico fue la evaluación del acceso, utilización y calidad de la atención recibida (adecuación y satisfacción de las respuestas ofrecidas por el sistema de salud pública, comparando el estado de salud, las percepciones y necesidades de mujeres inmigrantes y nativas en las mismas condiciones y etapas de la maternidad. Los datos se recogieron en todos los hospitales de referencia y varias asociaciones civiles de Porto, para llegar a la población destinataria: madres recientes procedentes de los países con mayor representación en Portugal (Brasil, países africanos de habla portuguesa y países de Europa del Este, y madres recientes portuguesas (por comparación. Para cumplir los objetivos, fueron realizados tres estudios a partir de datos obtenidos en los orígenes definidos, siguiendo diferentes enfoques y diseños metodológicos (estrategias cualitativas y cuantitativas.

Determinantes macroeconómicos de la migración internacional en el estado de Michoacán, México

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Francisco Javier Ayvar Campos

2013-12-01

Full Text Available El documento tiene por objetivo determinar los determinantes macroeconómicos de la migración internacional del estado de Michoacán, México. La migración en el país y en Michoacán es un proceso histórico en el cual la población emigra de sus países de origen en busca, principalmente, de trabajo y un mayor nivel de ingreso. Aunado a esta causa económica encontramos otras más de corte social y político. Sin embargo, la generalidad destaca la búsqueda de mejores condiciones de bienestar. Para la identificación de los factores macroeconómicos que inciden en la migración se desarrolló un modelo econométrico simple de mínimos cuadrados ordinarios que incluye la información estadística del 2010 de las dimensiones migración, marginación y bienestar de los 113 municipios que conforman el estado de Michoacán. Los resultados muestran que las viviendas que poseen emigrantes se vinculan, con un R cuadrada ajustada de 0.43, con las características del hogar, la escolaridad, el tamaño de la localidad, el desempleo y la derechohabiencia. Concluyendo así que los determinantes de la migración en los municipios de Michoacán durante el 2010 fueron económicos y sociales, es decir, fue la carencia de bienestar social lo que provocó el fenómeno.

Using a Virtual Experiment to Analyze Infiltration Process from Point to Grid-cell Size Scale

Science.gov (United States)

Barrios, M. I.

2013-12-01

The hydrological science requires the emergence of a consistent theoretical corpus driving the relationships between dominant physical processes at different spatial and temporal scales. However, the strong spatial heterogeneities and non-linearities of these processes make difficult the development of multiscale conceptualizations. Therefore, scaling understanding is a key issue to advance this science. This work is focused on the use of virtual experiments to address the scaling of vertical infiltration from a physically based model at point scale to a simplified physically meaningful modeling approach at grid-cell scale. Numerical simulations have the advantage of deal with a wide range of boundary and initial conditions against field experimentation. The aim of the work was to show the utility of numerical simulations to discover relationships between the hydrological parameters at both scales, and to use this synthetic experience as a media to teach the complex nature of this hydrological process. The Green-Ampt model was used to represent vertical infiltration at point scale; and a conceptual storage model was employed to simulate the infiltration process at the grid-cell scale. Lognormal and beta probability distribution functions were assumed to represent the heterogeneity of soil hydraulic parameters at point scale. The linkages between point scale parameters and the grid-cell scale parameters were established by inverse simulations based on the mass balance equation and the averaging of the flow at the point scale. Results have shown numerical stability issues for particular conditions and have revealed the complex nature of the non-linear relationships between models' parameters at both scales and indicate that the parameterization of point scale processes at the coarser scale is governed by the amplification of non-linear effects. The findings of these simulations have been used by the students to identify potential research questions on scale issues

Avaliação multidimensional dos determinantes do envelhecimento ativo em idosos de um município de Santa Catarina

OpenAIRE

Vicente, Fernanda Regina; Santos, Silvia Maria Azevedo dos

2013-01-01

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os determinantes do envelhecimento ativo em idosos de 60 a 70 anos, residentes em Rodeio-SC. Estudo quantitativo, do tipo exploratório-descritivo, cuja coleta de dados ocorreu entre abril e agosto de 2011. Foram entrevistados 264 idosos em seus domicílios, utilizando-se o instrumento para avaliação multidimensional do envelhecimento ativo, pós-validação de conteúdo, realizada por experts. Para análise dos dados utilizou-se o programa SestatNet e realizou...

Determinantes de la felicidad en los administradores: una investigación realizada en las farmacias del Grupo Difare en Ecuador

OpenAIRE

Juan Pablo López; Isidro Fierro

2016-01-01

El bienestar subjetivo es un indicador de la felicidad y de la calidad de vida de los individuos. Refleja la experiencia de los seres humanos de acuerdo a condiciones de vida como buenas relaciones sociales, prosperidad económica y salud. Las personas felices tienden a ser más saludables, mejores ciudadanos y empleados más productivos. En esta investigación se aborda la teoría y los diversos estudios que analizan diferentes determinantes de la felicidad. Se toma como terreno de campo al Grupo...

La crisis de los frutos saludables como factor determinante de la "revolución de los comuneros"

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Luis Rubén Pérez-Pinzón

2014-07-01

Full Text Available El artículo reflexiona acerca de los discursos e imaginarios tradicionales sobre la Revolución de los Comuneros en Colombia y los contrasta con los análisis socioculturales y las descripciones etiopatológicas de dos curas párrocos ilustrados y protomédicos del siglo XVIII en la Nueva Granada con el propósito de demostrar como factores determinantes de la revuelta popular de 1781 las dificultades monopólicas y tributarias para acceder a las yerbas, frutas y bebidas populares consideradas medicinales y saludables, así como fuentes del bienestar ambiental y la prosperidad socioeconómica de los más pobres.

Factores determinantes de la creación de las Spin Off académicas: caso del Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica

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Mauricio Monge

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar los factores determinantes en la creación de Spin off académicas en el Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica (ITCR, universidad pública de Costa Rica, utilizando la metodología propuesta por O'Shea et al., (2008: atributos del emprendedor, recursos organizativos, determinantes institucionales y ambientales. Los resultados relevan que en el ITCR la principal fortaleza es su misión, cultura e historia, caracterizada por el servicio brindado al sector productivo; no obstante, requiere fortalecer aspectos como la calidad de la investigación y consecución de fondos externos para esta, así como aspectos externos de índole legal que brinden las condiciones apropiadas para la creación de spin off académicas, y la generación de capital de riesgo. Todo ello, a tono con el paradigma de la universidad emprendedora. Este artículo contribuye a explicar el proceso de creación de Spin off en una universidad pública latinoamericana y es de utilidad tanto para el ámbito académico, como público y privado encargado de impulsar un mayor acercamiento entre la Universidad y la Sociedad

Determinantes de la migración interregional en España: nuevas técnicas de análisis

OpenAIRE

Maza Fernández, Adolfo Jesús; Villaverde Castro, José

2004-01-01

Este trabajo aborda, desde una perspectiva regional, los determinantes de las migraciones internas en España, para lo cual emplea técnicas de análisis no paramétricas y semiparamétricas. La conclusión general que se obtiene es que los movimientos migratorios están caracterizados por su inercia y responden, aunque de una forma no demasiado intensa, a los diferenciales de renta per capita, de desempleo y del precio de la vivienda entre la región de origen y la región de destino. This paper a...

Determinantes de la migración interregional en España : nuevas técnicas de análisis

OpenAIRE

Maza Fernández, Adolfo Jesús; Villaverde Castro, José

2004-01-01

Este trabajo aborda, desde una perspectiva regional, los determinantes de las migraciones internas en España, para lo cual emplea técnicas de análisis no paramétricas y semiparamétricas. La conclusión general que se obtiene es que los movimientos migratorios están caracterizados por su inercia y responden, aunque de una forma no demasiado intensa, a los diferenciales de renta per capita, de desempleo y del precio de la vivienda entre la región de origen y la región de destino. This paper a...

Desnutrición infantil en menores de cinco años en Perú: tendencias y factores determinantes

OpenAIRE

Manuel Sobrino; César Gutiérrez; Antonio J. Cunha; Miguel Dávila; Jorge Alarcón

2014-01-01

OBJETIVO: Analizar las tendencias en materia de desnutrición y anemia en menores de 5 años peruanos y su asociación con algunos factores determinantes en el período 2000-2011. MÉTODOS: Se analizaron indicadores nutricionales de menores de 5 años de la Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar (ENDES) 2011 y su evolución a partir de datos de las ENDES 2000, 2005 y 2008. Se estimaron las tendencias de desnutrición crónica (DC) (talla/ edad ≤ 2DS), de desnutrición aguda (DA) (peso/talla ≤ 2DS) y ...

Análise da Tecnologia das Aeronaves como Determinante de Custos no Setor de Aviação Comercial BrasileiroAnalysis of the Aircraft’s Technology as Cost Determinant in the Brazilian Sector of Commercial AviationAnálisis de la Tecnología de las Aeronaves como Determinante de Costos en el Sector de la Aviación Comercial Brasileña

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

DIEHL, Carlos Alberto

2010-06-01

Full Text Available RESUMOO objetivo deste estudo é analisar a tecnologia das aeronaves como determinante de custos, investigando o seu efeito nos custos das principais companhias aéreas brasileiras no período de 1997 a 2005. Compreende os resultados de uma pesquisa que apresenta a gestão estratégica de custos, contribuindo para a obtenção de vantagem competitiva de empresas do setor de aviação comercial brasileiro. De natureza exploratória e de característica longitudinal, faz uso da pesquisa documental para coleta de dados. Para apresentação e análise dos dados, utilizou-se da estatística descritiva. Ao final da investigação, demonstra-se que o determinante de custos com tecnologia das aeronaves tem influência direta nos principais custos do setor: o consumo de combustível, o custo de manutenção e a depreciação ou arrendamento de aeronaves. A GOL demonstrou êxito ao alinhar o determinante de custos com tecnologia das aeronaves e apresentou os menores custos dentre as empresas pesquisadas. A TAM reestruturou a sua frota de aeronaves e reduziu significativamente seus custos. No caso da VASP, que atuou com aeronaves sucateadas, verificou-se que a companhia incorreu em custos significativamente mais elevados que as demais concorrentes analisadas.ABSTRACTThe objective of this study is to analyze the aircraft’s technology as determinant of costs, investigating its effect in Brazilian commercial aviation companies in the period of 1997 to 2005. It comprises the demonstration of the results of a research that presents the strategic management of costs and its contributions for the attainment of competitive advantage of Brazilian companies in the sector of commercial aviation. Of exploratory nature and longitudinal characteristic, it makes use of the documental research for data collection. For presentation and analysis of data descriptive statistic was used. The findings indicate that aircraft’s technology as determinant of costs has direct

Factores determinantes del retorno de los ecuatorianos en España; Fatores determinantes do retorno dos equatorianos à Espanha; Determinants factors of the return of the Ecuadorians in Spain

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Ronny Correa-Quezada

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Resumen: El presente estudio tiene como objetivos analizar el efecto de la crisis económica en España, e identificar los determinantes por los cuales los migrantes desean retornar a Ecuador. Para ello se realizó un estudio de campo y 96 entrevistas a la población inmigrante en Madrid que se encuentra en edad de trabajar y se utilizaron modelos econométricos de elección discreta para su verificación y comprobación de resultados. La crisis ha afectado más a los ecuatorianos que a las  ecuatorianas, estas últimas han perdido menos puestos de trabajo y sufren menos desempleo. En general se han encontrado diferencias significativas para la decisión de retorno al Ecuador, entre ellas: género, remuneración, movilidad laboral y bienes que poseen en el país de origen. Palabras clave: migración, retorno, Ecuador, España.   Resumo: O presente estudo tem como objetivo analizar o efeito da crise econômica na Espanha, e identificar as determinantes pelas quais os imigrantes desejam retornar ao Equador. Para isso se realizou um estudo de campo e 96 entrevistas com a população imigrante de Madrid que se encontra em idade de trabalho e se utilizou modelos econométricos de escolha discreta que apontou para sua verificação e comprovação de resultados. A crise afetou mais aos equatorianos que às equatorianas, estas últimas perderam menos postos de trabalho e sofrem menos desemprego. Em geral encontramos diferenças significativas para a decisão de retorno ao Equador, entre elas: gênero, remuneração; mobilidade trabalhista e bens que posuem no país de origem. Palavras-chaves: migração, retorno, Equador, Espanha.   Abstract: The following study objective is to analyze the effect of the economic crisis in Spain and to identify determining factors for migrants to wish to return to Ecuador. The sample originate on a field study and 96 interviews to working-age Ecuadorian immigrants in Madrid. The analysis consist on discrete

Câmbio na assistência perinatal como determinante de consumo e diversidade de antiinfecciosos? Estudo em UTI neonatal no Rio de Janeiro

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Claudia Garcia Serpa Osorio-de-Castro

Full Text Available O perfil de utilização de antiinfecciosos, constando de consumo e diversidade dos fármacos empregados, bem como seus determinantes, foram estudados em um período de cinco anos, de janeiro de 1990 a dezembro de 1994, em duas enfermarias de uma unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI neonatal do Rio de Janeiro. Para tanto, cumpriu-se estudo de utilização de medicamentos com desenho descritivo, longitudinal e retrospectivo. Como sistemática foram empregadas a classificação Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC e a unidade de medida dose diária definida para lactentes (DDDi. Foram coletados dados de serviço, através de pesquisa documental, observações e entrevistas semi-estruturadas, e dados numéricos, através de consulta aos registros de fornecimento do Serviço de Farmácia e registros do censo hospitalar diário. Os resultados numéricos sugerem um incremento real do consumo total e a diminuição da diversidade no uso de antiinfecciosos no período. Analisados à luz da realidade institucional e do uso racional de medicamentos, indicam que mudanças na assistência perinatal ao longo do período foram determinantes para o perfil de utilização revelado.

Câmbio na assistência perinatal como determinante de consumo e diversidade de antiinfecciosos? Estudo em UTI neonatal no Rio de Janeiro

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Osorio-de-Castro Claudia Garcia Serpa

2002-01-01

Full Text Available O perfil de utilização de antiinfecciosos, constando de consumo e diversidade dos fármacos empregados, bem como seus determinantes, foram estudados em um período de cinco anos, de janeiro de 1990 a dezembro de 1994, em duas enfermarias de uma unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI neonatal do Rio de Janeiro. Para tanto, cumpriu-se estudo de utilização de medicamentos com desenho descritivo, longitudinal e retrospectivo. Como sistemática foram empregadas a classificação Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC e a unidade de medida dose diária definida para lactentes (DDDi. Foram coletados dados de serviço, através de pesquisa documental, observações e entrevistas semi-estruturadas, e dados numéricos, através de consulta aos registros de fornecimento do Serviço de Farmácia e registros do censo hospitalar diário. Os resultados numéricos sugerem um incremento real do consumo total e a diminuição da diversidade no uso de antiinfecciosos no período. Analisados à luz da realidade institucional e do uso racional de medicamentos, indicam que mudanças na assistência perinatal ao longo do período foram determinantes para o perfil de utilização revelado.

A Multi-Point Method Considering the Maximum Power Point Tracking Dynamic Process for Aerodynamic Optimization of Variable-Speed Wind Turbine Blades

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Zhiqiang Yang

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Due to the dynamic process of maximum power point tracking (MPPT caused by turbulence and large rotor inertia, variable-speed wind turbines (VSWTs cannot maintain the optimal tip speed ratio (TSR from cut-in wind speed up to the rated speed. Therefore, in order to increase the total captured wind energy, the existing aerodynamic design for VSWT blades, which only focuses on performance improvement at a single TSR, needs to be improved to a multi-point design. In this paper, based on a closed-loop system of VSWTs, including turbulent wind, rotor, drive train and MPPT controller, the distribution of operational TSR and its description based on inflow wind energy are investigated. Moreover, a multi-point method considering the MPPT dynamic process for the aerodynamic optimization of VSWT blades is proposed. In the proposed method, the distribution of operational TSR is obtained through a dynamic simulation of the closed-loop system under a specific turbulent wind, and accordingly the multiple design TSRs and the corresponding weighting coefficients in the objective function are determined. Finally, using the blade of a National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL 1.5 MW wind turbine as the baseline, the proposed method is compared with the conventional single-point optimization method using the commercial software Bladed. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Apparatus and method for implementing power saving techniques when processing floating point values

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Young Moon; Park, Sang Phill

2017-10-03

An apparatus and method are described for reducing power when reading and writing graphics data. For example, one embodiment of an apparatus comprises: a graphics processor unit (GPU) to process graphics data including floating point data; a set of registers, at least one of the registers of the set partitioned to store the floating point data; and encode/decode logic to reduce a number of binary 1 values being read from the at least one register by causing a specified set of bit positions within the floating point data to be read out as 0s rather than 1s.

Self-Exciting Point Process Modeling of Conversation Event Sequences

Science.gov (United States)

Masuda, Naoki; Takaguchi, Taro; Sato, Nobuo; Yano, Kazuo

Self-exciting processes of Hawkes type have been used to model various phenomena including earthquakes, neural activities, and views of online videos. Studies of temporal networks have revealed that sequences of social interevent times for individuals are highly bursty. We examine some basic properties of event sequences generated by the Hawkes self-exciting process to show that it generates bursty interevent times for a wide parameter range. Then, we fit the model to the data of conversation sequences recorded in company offices in Japan. In this way, we can estimate relative magnitudes of the self excitement, its temporal decay, and the base event rate independent of the self excitation. These variables highly depend on individuals. We also point out that the Hawkes model has an important limitation that the correlation in the interevent times and the burstiness cannot be independently modulated.

Structured spatio-temporal shot-noise Cox point process models, with a view to modelling forest fires

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Møller, Jesper; Diaz-Avalos, Carlos

Spatio-temporal Cox point process models with a multiplicative structure for the driving random intensity, incorporating covariate information into temporal and spatial components, and with a residual term modelled by a shot-noise process, are considered. Such models are flexible and tractable fo...... dataset consisting of 2796 days and 5834 spatial locations of fires. The model is compared with a spatio-temporal log-Gaussian Cox point process model, and likelihood-based methods are discussed to some extent....

Structured Spatio-temporal shot-noise Cox point process models, with a view to modelling forest fires

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Møller, Jesper; Diaz-Avalos, Carlos

2010-01-01

Spatio-temporal Cox point process models with a multiplicative structure for the driving random intensity, incorporating covariate information into temporal and spatial components, and with a residual term modelled by a shot-noise process, are considered. Such models are flexible and tractable fo...... data set consisting of 2796 days and 5834 spatial locations of fires. The model is compared with a spatio-temporal log-Gaussian Cox point process model, and likelihood-based methods are discussed to some extent....

Georeferenced Point Clouds: A Survey of Features and Point Cloud Management

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Johannes Otepka

2013-10-01

Full Text Available This paper presents a survey of georeferenced point clouds. Concentration is, on the one hand, put on features, which originate in the measurement process themselves, and features derived by processing the point cloud. On the other hand, approaches for the processing of georeferenced point clouds are reviewed. This includes the data structures, but also spatial processing concepts. We suggest a categorization of features into levels that reflect the amount of processing. Point clouds are found across many disciplines, which is reflected in the versatility of the literature suggesting specific features.

Bubble point pressures of the selected model system for CatLiq® bio-oil process

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Toor, Saqib Sohail; Rosendahl, Lasse; Baig, Muhammad Noman

2010-01-01

. In this work, the bubble point pressures of a selected model mixture (CO2 + H2O + Ethanol + Acetic acid + Octanoic acid) were measured to investigate the phase boundaries of the CatLiq® process. The bubble points were measured in the JEFRI-DBR high pressure PVT phase behavior system. The experimental results......The CatLiq® process is a second generation catalytic liquefaction process for the production of bio-oil from WDGS (Wet Distillers Grains with Solubles) at subcritical conditions (280-350 oC and 225-250 bar) in the presence of a homogeneous alkaline and a heterogeneous Zirconia catalyst...

Processing Terrain Point Cloud Data

KAUST Repository

DeVore, Ronald; Petrova, Guergana; Hielsberg, Matthew; Owens, Luke; Clack, Billy; Sood, Alok

2013-01-01

Terrain point cloud data are typically acquired through some form of Light Detection And Ranging sensing. They form a rich resource that is important in a variety of applications including navigation, line of sight, and terrain visualization

A Combined Control Chart for Identifying Out–Of–Control Points in Multivariate Processes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marroquín–Prado E.

2010-10-01

Full Text Available The Hotelling's T2 control chart is widely used to identify out–of–control signals in multivariate processes. However, this chart is not sensitive to small shifts in the process mean vec tor. In this work we propose a control chart to identify out–of–control signals. The proposed chart is a combination of Hotelling's T2 chart, M chart proposed by Hayter et al. (1994 and a new chart based on Principal Components. The combination of these charts identifies any type and size of change in the process mean vector. Us ing simulation and the Average Run Length (ARL, the performance of the proposed control chart is evaluated. The ARL means the average points within control before an out–of–control point is detected, The results of the simulation show that the proposed chart is more sensitive that each one of the three charts individually

Point process analyses of variations in smoking rate by setting, mood, gender, and dependence

Science.gov (United States)

Shiffman, Saul; Rathbun, Stephen L.

2010-01-01

The immediate emotional and situational antecedents of ad libitum smoking are still not well understood. We re-analyzed data from Ecological Momentary Assessment using novel point-process analyses, to assess how craving, mood, and social setting influence smoking rate, as well as assessing the moderating effects of gender and nicotine dependence. 304 smokers recorded craving, mood, and social setting using electronic diaries when smoking and at random nonsmoking times over 16 days of smoking. Point-process analysis, which makes use of the known random sampling scheme for momentary variables, examined main effects of setting and interactions with gender and dependence. Increased craving was associated with higher rates of smoking, particularly among women. Negative affect was not associated with smoking rate, even in interaction with arousal, but restlessness was associated with substantially higher smoking rates. Women's smoking tended to be less affected by negative affect. Nicotine dependence had little moderating effect on situational influences. Smoking rates were higher when smokers were alone or with others smoking, and smoking restrictions reduced smoking rates. However, the presence of others smoking undermined the effects of restrictions. The more sensitive point-process analyses confirmed earlier findings, including the surprising conclusion that negative affect by itself was not related to smoking rates. Contrary to hypothesis, men's and not women's smoking was influenced by negative affect. Both smoking restrictions and the presence of others who are not smoking suppress smoking, but others’ smoking undermines the effects of restrictions. Point-process analyses of EMA data can bring out even small influences on smoking rate. PMID:21480683

A case study on point process modelling in disease mapping

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Møller, Jesper; Waagepetersen, Rasmus Plenge; Benes, Viktor

2005-01-01

of the risk on the covariates. Instead of using the common areal level approaches we base the analysis on a Bayesian approach for a log Gaussian Cox point process with covariates. Posterior characteristics for a discretized version of the log Gaussian Cox process are computed using Markov chain Monte Carlo...... methods. A particular problem which is thoroughly discussed is to determine a model for the background population density. The risk map shows a clear dependency with the population intensity models and the basic model which is adopted for the population intensity determines what covariates influence...... the risk of TBE. Model validation is based on the posterior predictive distribution of various summary statistics....

Determinantes del intercambio directo de drogas ilegales a pequeña escala en Cali

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bustamante Amaya Christian David

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Este documento centra su análisis en el estudio de los determinantes que explican el intercambio directo de drogas ilegales a pequeña escala en la ciudad de Cali, a partir de la estimación de modelos de datos de conteo. Se verifica el cumplimiento de los supuestos teóricos de la elección racional de los individuos que son esbozados en la economía del crimen. Los resultados del modelo sugieren que si un expendedor considera su actividad como riesgosa, reduce en una significativa cantidad el número de horas dedicadas al expendio. Por otra parte, el precio de un cigarrillo de marihuana afecta negativamente el número de veces que un individuo consume al día; no obstante, la magnitud del efecto para esta variable denota el alto grado de inelasticidad al precio que tiene el consumo de esta droga.

Imitation learning of Non-Linear Point-to-Point Robot Motions using Dirichlet Processes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Krüger, Volker; Tikhanoff, Vadim; Natale, Lorenzo

2012-01-01

In this paper we discuss the use of the infinite Gaussian mixture model and Dirichlet processes for learning robot movements from demonstrations. Starting point of this work is an earlier paper where the authors learn a non-linear dynamic robot movement model from a small number of observations....... The model in that work is learned using a classical finite Gaussian mixture model (FGMM) where the Gaussian mixtures are appropriately constrained. The problem with this approach is that one needs to make a good guess for how many mixtures the FGMM should use. In this work, we generalize this approach...... our algorithm on the same data that was used in [5], where the authors use motion capture devices to record the demonstrations. As further validation we test our approach on novel data acquired on our iCub in a different demonstration scenario in which the robot is physically driven by the human...

Perspectivas teóricas y metodológicas para el estudio del ambiente como determinante de la salud

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María O. Garzón-Duque

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: describir algunas de las perspectivas teóricas y metodológicas del ambiente como determinante de la salud, como un aporte desde lo conceptual a este complejo campo en constante construcción y deconstrucción. Metodología: revisión de tema con un análisis de la literatura previa detección y consulta de documentos oficiales y artículos científicos que permitieron la estructuración del texto alrededor del tema. Resultados y discusión: a lo largo de la historia y en los diferentes discursos, vivencias individuales y colectivas, el ambiente ha estado presente en el continuo del proceso salud – enfermedad. La higiene y el saneamiento resuelven el problema en un escenario donde hay riesgos y peligros que deben ser identificados para controlarse o eliminarse. Sin embargo, desde las últimas décadas del siglo XX por intereses económicos, necesidad de conservar la salud, por los daños, problemas ambientales globales y locales, se ha dado lugar, al menos desde lo teórico y metodológico, al entendimiento del ambiente como un determinante de la salud, concepción que implica pasar del dominio y control del hombre sobre la naturaleza a entenderse como parte de ella misma. Conclusiones: a través del tiempo se ha observado y vivenciado que las intervenciones antrópicas del hombre sobre la naturaleza han sido poco respetuosas y ha pasado sistemáticamente de ser victimario de su ambiente y su entorno a ser víctima de los ambientes construidos. Los modelos de salud ambiental construidos con una mirada más desde la salud deben integrarse con otras disciplinas, para el análisis de situaciones complejas en salud ambiental.

Determinantes microeconómicos del acceso al financiamiento externo de la estructura de capital de empresas del sector industrial

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Guadalupe Hernández Carmen

2015-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar, por medio de un modelo econométrico de datos de panel, por efectos fijos y aleatorios, los determinantes microeconómicos del acceso al financiamiento externo que afectan la estructura de capital de las empresas del sector industrial, que cotizaron en la Bolsa Mexicana de Valores (BMV en el periodo 2000-2010, a fin de demostrar que la crisis financiera internacional del 2007 modifica la relación entre dichos determinantes y la estructura de capital, lo que explica los cambios en la política de financiamiento en moneda extranjera que siguieron estas empresas. Los hallazgos muestran que las empresas exportadoras, las emisoras de ADRs (Recibos de depósito americano y las de gran tamaño se financiaron en moneda extranjera antes de la crisis, y después de esta, solo las empresas exportadoras y las emisoras de ADRs, aunque en mayor proporción las empresas exportadoras, lo que muestra que estas, al resolver de mejor forma sus problemas de información asimétrica con sus acreedores, al contar con buenos colaterales en las cuentas por cobrar en moneda extranjera, y dar a los inversionistas una señal positiva de una buena situación económica, lograron continuar financiándose en moneda extranjera a pesar de la crisis. Derechos reservados © 2015 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Contaduría y Administración. Este es un artículo de acceso abierto distribuido bajo los términos de la Licencia Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.

Prospects for direct neutron capture measurements on s-process branching point isotopes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Guerrero, C.; Lerendegui-Marco, J.; Quesada, J.M. [Universidad de Sevilla, Dept. de Fisica Atomica, Molecular y Nuclear, Sevilla (Spain); Domingo-Pardo, C. [CSIC-Universidad de Valencia, Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, Valencia (Spain); Kaeppeler, F. [Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut fuer Kernphysik, Karlsruhe (Germany); Palomo, F.R. [Universidad de Sevilla, Dept. de Ingenieria Electronica, Sevilla (Spain); Reifarth, R. [Goethe-Universitaet Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main (Germany)

2017-05-15

The neutron capture cross sections of several unstable key isotopes acting as branching points in the s-process are crucial for stellar nucleosynthesis studies, but they are very challenging to measure directly due to the difficult production of sufficient sample material, the high activity of the resulting samples, and the actual (n, γ) measurement, where high neutron fluxes and effective background rejection capabilities are required. At present there are about 21 relevant s-process branching point isotopes whose cross section could not be measured yet over the neutron energy range of interest for astrophysics. However, the situation is changing with some very recent developments and upcoming technologies. This work introduces three techniques that will change the current paradigm in the field: the use of γ-ray imaging techniques in (n, γ) experiments, the production of moderated neutron beams using high-power lasers, and double capture experiments in Maxwellian neutron beams. (orig.)

Determination of the impact of RGB points cloud attribute quality on color-based segmentation process

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Bartłomiej Kraszewski

2015-06-01

Full Text Available The article presents the results of research on the effect that radiometric quality of point cloud RGB attributes have on color-based segmentation. In the research, a point cloud with a resolution of 5 mm, received from FAROARO Photon 120 scanner, described the fragment of an office’s room and color images were taken by various digital cameras. The images were acquired by SLR Nikon D3X, and SLR Canon D200 integrated with the laser scanner, compact camera Panasonic TZ-30 and a mobile phone digital camera. Color information from images was spatially related to point cloud in FAROARO Scene software. The color-based segmentation of testing data was performed with the use of a developed application named “RGB Segmentation”. The application was based on public Point Cloud Libraries (PCL and allowed to extract subsets of points fulfilling the criteria of segmentation from the source point cloud using region growing method.Using the developed application, the segmentation of four tested point clouds containing different RGB attributes from various images was performed. Evaluation of segmentation process was performed based on comparison of segments acquired using the developed application and extracted manually by an operator. The following items were compared: the number of obtained segments, the number of correctly identified objects and the correctness of segmentation process. The best correctness of segmentation and most identified objects were obtained using the data with RGB attribute from Nikon D3X images. Based on the results it was found that quality of RGB attributes of point cloud had impact only on the number of identified objects. In case of correctness of the segmentation, as well as its error no apparent relationship between the quality of color information and the result of the process was found.[b]Keywords[/b]: terrestrial laser scanning, color-based segmentation, RGB attribute, region growing method, digital images, points cloud

Determinantes da Rotatividade das Carteiras dos Fundos de Investimento em Ações

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Pedro Luiz Albertin Bono Milan

2015-01-01

Full Text Available A gestão ativa de um fundo de investimento em ações visa a obter um desempenho superior ao retorno de uma carteira de mercado por meio da rotatividade da carteira do fundo. Este trabalho procura evidenciar, no mercado brasileiro, os determinantes dos índices de rotatividade das carteiras dos fundos de investimentos em ações de gestão ativa. Usando a metodologia de Gaspar, Massa e Matos (2005, este estudo evidencia as características dos fundos e dos gestores impactando o nível de rotatividade das carteiras dos fundos. Fundos grandes e fundos que cobram valores altos para depósito inicial tendem a apresentar elevada rotatividade da carteira. Gestores com mais tempo dedicado ao mesmo fundo tendem a apresentar elevados índices de rotatividade. No entanto quanto maior a experiência do gestor em gestão de fundos, menor tende a ser a rotatividade da carteira do fundo. Gestores formados em administração de empresas tendem a apresentar maiores índices de rotatividade da carteira do que os gestores formados em economia e engenharia.

Factores determinantes de la lealtad al proveedor de servicios turísticos online

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Silvia Sanz Blas

2013-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este estudio es analizar los factores determinantes de la lealtad hacia los proveedores de servicios turísticos online a través de un modelo integrador de la influencia de la confianza en las webs turísticas con el marco conceptual de la teoría del comportamiento planificado (Theory of Planned Behaviour, TPB. El contraste de hipótesis se ha realizado a partir de una muestra de 305 compradores de billetes de avión en sitios online; para ello se utilizaron modelos de ecuaciones estructurales. Los resultados del estudio empírico indican que los constructos de dicha teoría (control percibido, norma subjetiva y actitud ejercen una influencia significativa sobre la lealtad hacia el uso de Internet para la compra de billetes de avión. A su vez, cabe destacar la influencia positiva de la confianza en las variables del TPB. Finalmente, se plantean un conjunto de implicaciones relevantes para la gestión de empresas.

Determinantes en el proceso del despliegue del valor para la innovación

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Juan Mejía Trejo

2016-03-01

Full Text Available El estudio tiene como objetivo hallar las determinantes en el proceso del despliegue del valor para la innovación de productos. la metodología, basada en investigación documental, descubre tres áreas: I: qfd modificado, donde se consideran las percepciones ponderadas del consumidor de necesidades, satisfacción y desempeño de los diferentes atributos y características de los productos y servicios a través de voces denominadas: del consumidor, la mercadotecnia, la tecnología, los requerimientos y la firma; área II: valorprecio y costo de retención del consumidor, en la que se calcula el precio justo del producto objetivo a innovar respecto de sus competidores y costo de retener al consumidor; área III: difusión de la innovación, que permite visualizar el mercado de adoptadores del producto objetivo a innovar. El proceso es posible visualizarlo en un solo plano, por lo que se propone su denominación como despliegue del valor para la innovación de productos (dvip.

Las pymes y el proceso de internacionalización : factores determinantes de su actitud frente a la exportación

OpenAIRE

Hurtado Torres, Nuria Esther

2013-01-01

El objetivo principal de la tesis es profundizar en el conocimiento de la estrategia de exportación y de aquellos factores que explican la adopción de la misma. A nivel empírico se estudia en las pequeñas y medianas empresas, por un lado, las características propias y de su director general que condicionan la percepción de barreras y la eficacia de la medidas de apoyo, y por otro, los factores determinantes de la actitud de la dirección frente a la exportación. Para cubrir este segundo objeti...

Two step estimation for Neyman-Scott point process with inhomogeneous cluster centers

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Mrkvička, T.; Muška, Milan; Kubečka, Jan

2014-01-01

Roč. 24, č. 1 (2014), s. 91-100 ISSN 0960-3174 R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GA206/07/1392 Institutional support: RVO:60077344 Keywords : bayesian method * clustering * inhomogeneous point process Subject RIV: EH - Ecology, Behaviour Impact factor: 1.623, year: 2014

Corner-point criterion for assessing nonlinear image processing imagers

Science.gov (United States)

Landeau, Stéphane; Pigois, Laurent; Foing, Jean-Paul; Deshors, Gilles; Swiathy, Greggory

2017-10-01

Range performance modeling of optronics imagers attempts to characterize the ability to resolve details in the image. Today, digital image processing is systematically used in conjunction with the optoelectronic system to correct its defects or to exploit tiny detection signals to increase performance. In order to characterize these processing having adaptive and non-linear properties, it becomes necessary to stimulate the imagers with test patterns whose properties are similar to the actual scene image ones, in terms of dynamic range, contours, texture and singular points. This paper presents an approach based on a Corner-Point (CP) resolution criterion, derived from the Probability of Correct Resolution (PCR) of binary fractal patterns. The fundamental principle lies in the respectful perception of the CP direction of one pixel minority value among the majority value of a 2×2 pixels block. The evaluation procedure considers the actual image as its multi-resolution CP transformation, taking the role of Ground Truth (GT). After a spatial registration between the degraded image and the original one, the degradation is statistically measured by comparing the GT with the degraded image CP transformation, in terms of localized PCR at the region of interest. The paper defines this CP criterion and presents the developed evaluation techniques, such as the measurement of the number of CP resolved on the target, the transformation CP and its inverse transform that make it possible to reconstruct an image of the perceived CPs. Then, this criterion is compared with the standard Johnson criterion, in the case of a linear blur and noise degradation. The evaluation of an imaging system integrating an image display and a visual perception is considered, by proposing an analysis scheme combining two methods: a CP measurement for the highly non-linear part (imaging) with real signature test target and conventional methods for the more linear part (displaying). The application to

Characterization results and Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms including exact simulation for some spatial point processes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Häggström, Olle; Lieshout, Marie-Colette van; Møller, Jesper

1999-01-01

The area-interaction process and the continuum random-cluster model are characterized in terms of certain functional forms of their respective conditional intensities. In certain cases, these two point process models can be derived from a bivariate point process model which in many respects...... is simpler to analyse and simulate. Using this correspondence we devise a two-component Gibbs sampler, which can be used for fast and exact simulation by extending the recent ideas of Propp and Wilson. We further introduce a Swendsen-Wang type algorithm. The relevance of the results within spatial statistics...

The application of prototype point processes for the summary and description of California wildfires

Science.gov (United States)

Nichols, K.; Schoenberg, F.P.; Keeley, J.E.; Bray, A.; Diez, D.

2011-01-01

A method for summarizing repeated realizations of a space-time marked point process, known as prototyping, is discussed and applied to catalogues of wildfires in California. Prototype summaries are constructed for varying time intervals using California wildfire data from 1990 to 2006. Previous work on prototypes for temporal and space-time point processes is extended here to include methods for computing prototypes with marks and the incorporation of prototype summaries into hierarchical clustering algorithms, the latter of which is used to delineate fire seasons in California. Other results include summaries of patterns in the spatial-temporal distribution of wildfires within each wildfire season. ?? 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

EFFICIENT LIDAR POINT CLOUD DATA MANAGING AND PROCESSING IN A HADOOP-BASED DISTRIBUTED FRAMEWORK

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

C. Wang

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR is one of the most promising technologies in surveying and mapping，city management, forestry, object recognition, computer vision engineer and others. However, it is challenging to efficiently storage, query and analyze the high-resolution 3D LiDAR data due to its volume and complexity. In order to improve the productivity of Lidar data processing, this study proposes a Hadoop-based framework to efficiently manage and process LiDAR data in a distributed and parallel manner, which takes advantage of Hadoop’s storage and computing ability. At the same time, the Point Cloud Library (PCL, an open-source project for 2D/3D image and point cloud processing, is integrated with HDFS and MapReduce to conduct the Lidar data analysis algorithms provided by PCL in a parallel fashion. The experiment results show that the proposed framework can efficiently manage and process big LiDAR data.

Efficient LIDAR Point Cloud Data Managing and Processing in a Hadoop-Based Distributed Framework

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, C.; Hu, F.; Sha, D.; Han, X.

2017-10-01

Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) is one of the most promising technologies in surveying and mapping city management, forestry, object recognition, computer vision engineer and others. However, it is challenging to efficiently storage, query and analyze the high-resolution 3D LiDAR data due to its volume and complexity. In order to improve the productivity of Lidar data processing, this study proposes a Hadoop-based framework to efficiently manage and process LiDAR data in a distributed and parallel manner, which takes advantage of Hadoop's storage and computing ability. At the same time, the Point Cloud Library (PCL), an open-source project for 2D/3D image and point cloud processing, is integrated with HDFS and MapReduce to conduct the Lidar data analysis algorithms provided by PCL in a parallel fashion. The experiment results show that the proposed framework can efficiently manage and process big LiDAR data.

Mujeres con VIH y SIDA y su adherencia: un análisis de la política pública desde los determinantes sociales de la salud.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Catalina Méndez Ávila

2014-09-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo objetiva analizar la gestión de la política pública dirigida a la atención de los determinantes sociales de la salud, que inciden en la adherencia al tratamiento antirretroviral en mujeres con VIH/SIDA de la Clínica del Hospital San Juan de Dios. Para lo anterior se planteó el siguiente problema de investigación: ¿Cómo se gestiona la política pública dirigida a la atención de los determinantes sociales de la salud, que inciden en la adherencia al tratamiento antirretroviral en mujeres con VIH-SIDA atendidas en el Hospital San Juan de Dios? La investigación fue de tipo cualitativa, y se realizaron como técnicas de investigación la revisión documental, la entrevista no estructurada y el grupo focal, aplicados a actores sociales vinculados con la política pública en VIH y mujeres seropositivas atendidas en el Hospital San Juan de Dios. El análisis se realizó desde la Teoría Fundamentada. Resultados: la descripción de la política pública en VIH/SIDA, el análisis de la política (las acciones y omisiones por parte de los actores sociales y el planteamiento de lineamientos para los diferentes actores sociales que participan en la gestión de la política. Conclusiones: la metodología utilizada fue acertada para acercarse al problema de investigación y generó nuevas estrategias metodológicas para análisis de política pública en general. En Costa Rica se cuenta con una política en VIH, pero la misma no incluye de manera directa el abordaje de los determinantes sociales de la salud en la adherencia de las mujeres. Las brechas encontradas corresponden a un problema de gestión de los actores sociales.

Instantaneous nonlinear assessment of complex cardiovascular dynamics by Laguerre-Volterra point process models.

Science.gov (United States)

Valenza, Gaetano; Citi, Luca; Barbieri, Riccardo

2013-01-01

We report an exemplary study of instantaneous assessment of cardiovascular dynamics performed using point-process nonlinear models based on Laguerre expansion of the linear and nonlinear Wiener-Volterra kernels. As quantifiers, instantaneous measures such as high order spectral features and Lyapunov exponents can be estimated from a quadratic and cubic autoregressive formulation of the model first order moment, respectively. Here, these measures are evaluated on heartbeat series coming from 16 healthy subjects and 14 patients with Congestive Hearth Failure (CHF). Data were gathered from the on-line repository PhysioBank, which has been taken as landmark for testing nonlinear indices. Results show that the proposed nonlinear Laguerre-Volterra point-process methods are able to track the nonlinear and complex cardiovascular dynamics, distinguishing significantly between CHF and healthy heartbeat series.

Students’ Algebraic Thinking Process in Context of Point and Line Properties

Science.gov (United States)

Nurrahmi, H.; Suryadi, D.; Fatimah, S.

2017-09-01

Learning of schools algebra is limited to symbols and operating procedures, so students are able to work on problems that only require the ability to operate symbols but unable to generalize a pattern as one of part of algebraic thinking. The purpose of this study is to create a didactic design that facilitates students to do algebraic thinking process through the generalization of patterns, especially in the context of the property of point and line. This study used qualitative method and includes Didactical Design Research (DDR). The result is students are able to make factual, contextual, and symbolic generalization. This happen because the generalization arises based on facts on local terms, then the generalization produced an algebraic formula that was described in the context and perspective of each student. After that, the formula uses the algebraic letter symbol from the symbol t hat uses the students’ language. It can be concluded that the design has facilitated students to do algebraic thinking process through the generalization of patterns, especially in the context of property of the point and line. The impact of this study is this design can use as one of material teaching alternative in learning of school algebra.

Hygienic-sanitary working practices and implementation of a Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP plan in lobster processing industries

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cristina Farias da Fonseca

2013-03-01

Full Text Available This study aimed to verify the hygienic-sanitary working practices and to create and implement a Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP in two lobster processing industries in Pernambuco State, Brazil. The industries studied process frozen whole lobsters, frozen whole cooked lobsters, and frozen lobster tails for exportation. The application of the hygienic-sanitary checklist in the industries analyzed achieved conformity rates over 96% to the aspects evaluated. The use of the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP plan resulted in the detection of two critical control points (CCPs including the receiving and classification steps in the processing of frozen lobster and frozen lobster tails, and an additional critical control point (CCP was detected during the cooking step of processing of the whole frozen cooked lobster. The proper implementation of the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP plan in the lobster processing industries studied proved to be the safest and most cost-effective method to monitor each critical control point (CCP hazards.

Fast covariance estimation for innovations computed from a spatial Gibbs point process

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Coeurjolly, Jean-Francois; Rubak, Ege

In this paper, we derive an exact formula for the covariance of two innovations computed from a spatial Gibbs point process and suggest a fast method for estimating this covariance. We show how this methodology can be used to estimate the asymptotic covariance matrix of the maximum pseudo...

Steam generators secondary side chemical cleaning at Point Lepreau using the Siemen's high temperature process

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Verma, K.; MacNeil, C.; Odar, S.

1996-01-01

The secondary sides of all four steam generators at the Point Lepreau Nuclear Generating Stations were cleaned during the 1995 annual outage run-down using the Siemens high temperature chemical cleaning process. Traditionally all secondary side chemical cleaning exercises in CANDU as well as the other nuclear power stations in North America have been conducted using a process developed in conjunction with the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI). The Siemens high temperature process was applied for the first time in North America at the Point Lepreau Nuclear Generating Station (PLGS). The paper discusses experiences related to the pre and post award chemical cleaning activities, chemical cleaning application, post cleaning inspection results and waste handling activities. (author)

Tetracycline and oxytetracycline resistance determinants detected in Bacillus cereus strains isolated from honey samples Detección de determinantes de resistencia a tetraciclina y oxitetraciclina en cepas de Bacillus cereus aisladas de muestras de miel

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A. C. López

2008-12-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of tetracycline and oxytetracycline resistance determinants in Bacillus cereus strains isolated from honey samples. Of a total of 77 isolates analyzed, 30 (39% exhibited resistance to tetracyclines according to the results of a disk diffusion method. Resistant strains (n=30 were screened by PCR for the presence of the resistant determinants tetK, tetL, tetM, tetO, tetW, otrA and otrB and their MIC values for tetracycline, oxytetracycline and minocycline were assessed. According to the PCR results, 23 isolates (77% presented at least one tetracycline or oxytetracycline resistance determinant. The tetK genotype was present in 10 isolates while the tetL, tetM, and otrA genotypes were present in 3, 2, and 5 isolates, respectively. In addition, 2 isolates of the tetK plus tetM genotype, 1 of the tetK plus tetL genotype, and 1 of the tetK plus otrA genotype were found. All isolates were tetW, tetO and otrB negatives. On the other hand, 7 isolates (23% showed a tetracycline-resistant and/or minocyclineresistant phenotype (MIC but did not carry any of the tet or otr determinants investigated in this study. This research has shown that B. cereus isolates from honey samples contain a variety of tetracycline and oxytetracycline resistance genes, including the tetK and tetL determinants which encode for efflux proteins, and tetM and otrA, which encode for ribosomal protection proteins. These findings indicate that strains isolated from honeys could represent a reservoir for tetracycline resistance genes. To our knowledge, this is the first report of tetracycline-resistant and oxytetracyclineresistant B. cereus strains carrying the tetK determinant, and also the first report of oxytetracycline-resistant and tetracycline- resistant Bacillus species carrying the otrA determinant.El objetivo del presente estudio ha sido investigar la presencia de diversos determinantes de resistencia a tetraciclina y

Determinantes de la desnutrición en niños menores de cinco años en la República de Colombia

OpenAIRE

Fiayo Velásquez, Edinson

2015-01-01

El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar los determinantes o aquellos factores que tienen incidencia sobre el estado nutricional infantil –niños menores de cinco años de edad-. La desnutrición infantil ha sido ampliamente estudiada y existe cuantiosa evidencia sobre los efectos negativos y secuelas permanentes de este fenómeno sobre el normal desarrollo de los niños y sobre sus resultados en la edad adulta. Utilizando la Encuesta Nacional de la Situación Nutricional en Colombia (ENSIN 2010) y ...

Determinantes Sociales de la Salud: postura oficial y perspectivas críticas / Social Determinants of Health: official stance and critical views

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Myriam Acero A

2013-08-01

Full Text Available La relación entre las desigualdades socioeconómicas y el proceso salud enfermedad ha sido demostrada desde hace ya algún tiempo. Su estudio y posibilidades de intervención, han sido motivo de análisis de actores académicos e institucionales que asumen posturas según la ideología o corriente de pensamiento en la que se inscriben. Con el ánimo de analizar las causas de las inequidades en salud y hacer algunas recomendaciones, la Organización Mundial de la Salud estableció en el año 2005 la Comisión sobre Determinantes Sociales de la Salud. Perspectivas latinoamericanas como la Medicina Social y la Salud Colectiva reconocen la preocupación de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, sin embargo critican la posición asumida por la Comisión y organizan la discusión alrededor de los ejes conceptual, ético y de acción política, proponiendo, a diferencia de la Comisión, buscar las causas de la inequidad y sus vías de solución en lo que significa la determinación social. Cuestionamientos al enfoque de los determinantes sociales de la Comisión llegaron también desde autores como Vicente Navarro, para quien no son las desigualdades las que matan, sino los responsables de esas desigualdades, llamando la atención sobre las relaciones de poder que se ocultan y sobre los responsables y beneficiarios de la inequidad. Finalmente con el objetivo de analizar la determinación social y la ubicación jerárquica de los determinantes sociales, se presenta el problema del hambre, inscrito en un circuito de reproducción y determinación que permite ubicar la particularidad y la generalidad en permanente interrelación The relationship between socioeconomic inequalities and the health-disease process has long been demonstrated. Its study and possibilities for intervention have been submitted to analysis by academic and institutional actors which take more or less critical stances depending on their paradigms. In order to analyze the causes of

Nuclear binding around the RP-process waiting points $^{68}$Se and $^{72}$Kr

CERN Multimedia

2002-01-01

Encouraged by the success of mass determinations of nuclei close to the Z=N line performed at ISOLTRAP during the year 2000 and of the recent decay spectroscopy studies on neutron-deficient Kr isotopes (IS351 collaboration), we aim to measure masses and proton separation energies of the bottleneck nuclei defining the flow of the astrophysical rp-process beyond A$\\sim$70. In detail, the program includes mass measurements of the rp-process waiting point nuclei $^{68}$Se and $^{72}$Kr and determination of proton separation energies of the proton-unbound $^{69}$Br and $^{73}$Rb via $\\beta$-decays of $^{69}$Kr and $^{73}$Sr, respectively. The aim of the project is to complete the experimental database for astrophysical network calculations and for the liquid-drop type of mass models typically used in the modelling of the astrophysical rp process in the region. The first beamtime is scheduled for the August 2001 and the aim is to measure the absolute mass of the waiting-point nucleus $^{72}$Kr.

Factores externos determinantes de las decisiones de inversión a largo plazo en el sector farmacéutico

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Josnel Martínez

2016-01-01

Full Text Available La presente investigación tiene por objetivo identificar los factores externos determinantes de las decisiones de inversión a largo plazo en el sector farmacéutico del estado Zulia. Desde el punto de vista teórico, los principales autores citados son David (2008, Hitt y otros (2004 y Hill y Jones (1996. Metodológicamente, es de tipología descriptiva con un diseño de campo-no experimental y transversal. La población estuvo compuesta por las siete (7 farmacias inscritas y activas en el Registro Municipal de la Alcaldía Bolivariana del municipio Jesús Enrique Lossada – estado Zulia, al mes de mayo de 2015. Se utilizó el cuestionario estructurado como instrumento de recolección de datos aplicado a los gerentes generales, quienes fueron las unidades informantes; el mismo fue validado por cinco (5 expertos y el nivel de confiabilidad aplicando el Alpha-Cronbach, que fue de 0,89. Los resultados evidencian que los factores externos determinantes de las decisiones de inversión a largo plazo en el sector farmacéutico del estado Zulia son: la inflación, la escasez, la fluctuación de precios, el patrón de consumo y la tendencia del desempleo (dentro de los factores económicos; los hábitos de compra (dentro de los factores sociales, culturales, demográficas y ambientales; la política monetaria y la política fiscal (dentro de los factores políticas gubernamentales y legales; los avances en la tecnología (dentro de los factores tecnológicos y las debilidades en la cartera de productos ofertados por la competencia (dentro de los factores competitivos.

Determinantes da qualidade da informação contábil em grandes companhias abertas listadas na BM&FBOVESPA

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Geovanne Dias de Moura

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Identificar os fatores que influenciam na qualidade da informação contábil das maiores empresas listadas na BM&Bovespa. Método: Pesquisa realizada em uma amostra composta por 100 companhias abertas. A qualidade da informação foi analisada por meio de um índice desenvolvido por Fathi (2013, composto por 78 itens e que contemplam informações obrigatórias e voluntárias. Os fatores determinantes observados foram governança corporativa, empresa de auditoria, existência de comitê de auditoria, concentração acionária, investidores institucionais e internacionalização da empresa. Resultados: Os resultados revelaram um índice médio de evidenciação equivalente a 78%. A maioria das companhias estavam listadas em níveis diferenciados de governança; eram auditadas por big four e possuíam Comitê de Auditoria. O percentual médio de concentração acionária foi 41,37%; em 44% delas havia investidores institucionais no quadro acionário; e apenas 19% negociavam ações em bolsa americana. Em relação aos fatores determinantes, verificou-se que o fato de a empresa ser auditada por big four; possuir Comitê de Auditoria; possuir participação acionária de investidores institucionais; e negociar ações em bolsa americana reflete-se em informações divulgadas de melhor qualidade. Contribuições: Os achados fornecem evidências adicionais para a literatura existente, além de serem relevantes para os diversos usuários das informações contábeis, tais como analistas e investidores.

Las familias saludables y los factores determinantes del estado de salud

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Amado Rodríguez Calzadilla

2001-12-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal con 30 familias, escogidas al azar, de 3 áreas de salud. Cada familia se relacionó con los factores determinantes del estado de salud. Se utilizó como instrumento para la recogida de la información la historia de salud bucal familiar y su respectivo instructivo. Se seleccionaron los aspectos a estudiar y se determinaron valores cuantitativos para evaluar familias saludables, moderadamente saludables y no saludables. Se describe un método sencillo para identificar resultados comparables entre uno y otro diagnóstico cada año, o período de 2 años. Finalmente se presenta el ciclo de calidad de las familias saludables y las estrategias para lograrlo.A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 30 families selected at random from 3 health areas. Each family was related to the determinants of the health status. The family history of oral health and its respective instructions were used as a tool for gathering information. The aspects to be studied were chosen and the quantitative values were determined to evaluate healthy, moderately healthy and unhealthy families. A simple method to identify comparable results between one diagnosis and the other every year or for 2 years was described. Finally, the quality cycle of the healthy families and the strategies to attain it were presented.

Determinantes de la cooptación de la contratación pública en la administración de Samuel Moreno

OpenAIRE

Borda Esquivel, Santiago

2015-01-01

Este trabajo busca identificar los determinantes de la administración pública, que desencadenaron la cooptación corrupta de la contratación de la calle 26. Usando la teoría sobre corrupción de Klitgaard, se propone que la presencia de un poder de monopolio, una alta discrecionalidad y la poco eficacia del control permitieron que la entidad encargada de la contratación del calle 26 fuera sometida a intereses externos. A través de la metodología de gestión del riesgo se reconstruye el contexto ...

ON THE ESTIMATION OF DISTANCE DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS FOR POINT PROCESSES AND RANDOM SETS

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Dietrich Stoyan

2011-05-01

Full Text Available This paper discusses various estimators for the nearest neighbour distance distribution function D of a stationary point process and for the quadratic contact distribution function Hq of a stationary random closed set. It recommends the use of Hanisch's estimator of D, which is of Horvitz-Thompson type, and the minussampling estimator of Hq. This recommendation is based on simulations for Poisson processes and Boolean models.

Benchmarking of radiological departments. Starting point for successful process optimization

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Busch, Hans-Peter

2010-01-01

Continuous optimization of the process of organization and medical treatment is part of the successful management of radiological departments. The focus of this optimization can be cost units such as CT and MRI or the radiological parts of total patient treatment. Key performance indicators for process optimization are cost- effectiveness, service quality and quality of medical treatment. The potential for improvements can be seen by comparison (benchmark) with other hospitals and radiological departments. Clear definitions of key data and criteria are absolutely necessary for comparability. There is currently little information in the literature regarding the methodology and application of benchmarks especially from the perspective of radiological departments and case-based lump sums, even though benchmarking has frequently been applied to radiological departments by hospital management. The aim of this article is to describe and discuss systematic benchmarking as an effective starting point for successful process optimization. This includes the description of the methodology, recommendation of key parameters and discussion of the potential for cost-effectiveness analysis. The main focus of this article is cost-effectiveness (efficiency and effectiveness) with respect to cost units and treatment processes. (orig.)

A random point process model for the score in sport matches

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Volf, Petr

2009-01-01

Roč. 20, č. 2 (2009), s. 121-131 ISSN 1471-678X R&D Projects: GA AV ČR(CZ) IAA101120604 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z10750506 Keywords : sport statistics * scoring intensity * Cox’s regression model Subject RIV: BB - Applied Statistics, Operational Research http://library.utia.cas.cz/separaty/2009/SI/volf-a random point process model for the score in sport matches.pdf

Fatores determinantes do risco país brasileiro: uma análise empírica do risco país específico Determinant Factors of Brazilian Country Risk: An Empirical Analysis of Specific Country Risk

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mariana Felix Teixeira

2008-07-01

Full Text Available Muitos estudos em finanças internacionais tentam investigar até que ponto fatores econômicos externos e internos constituem fatores determinantes significativos do risco-país. O presente artigo tem como finalidade estudar o Risco Brasil no período 1992-2003, com base em três modelos: i o primeiro modelo analisa os determinantes econômicos internos do risco-país; ii o segundo modelo tem o mesmo propósito do primeiro, sendo que a variável grau de aversão ao risco global, que serve de proxy para o componente externo do risco, é incluída no grupo de variáveis explicativas; iii no último modelo, o enfoque é sobre a relação entre o risco-país específico (risco-país menos o componente externo e os fundamentos econômicos. Many studies in international finance try to investigate to what extent domestic and external economic factors constitute significant determinant factors of international country risk. This article tries to analyze, for the period 1992-2003, Brazilian country risk from the point of view of three empirical models: i First, the internal economic determinants of the country risk; ii the second has the same purpose as the first, with the difference that the variable “intensity of global risk aversion”, that serves as proxy for the external component of the risk, is included in the group of explanatory variables; iii in the last model the emphasis is on the relation between specific country risk (country risk minus the external component and the internal and external economic determinants.

UNA MIRADA EMPíRICA A LOS DETERMINANTES DEL DESPLAZAMIENTO FORZADO EN COLOMBIA

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Luis Eduardo Pérez Murcia

2001-12-01

Full Text Available Esta investigación propone un modelo empírico que falsea las distintas hipótesis explicativas sobre los determinantes del desplazamiento forzado. Según los resultados empíricos no se puede afirmar que los desplazamientos se presentan en los municipios ricos o pobres, pero sí se puede argumentar que se producen en zonas con gran potencial económico en donde por la existencia de fuertes mecanismos concentradores del ingreso, baja participación política y altos niveles de impunidad, las comunidades viven en condiciones de vulnerabilidad, que van más allá de la pobreza; el conflicto armado.This research tries to pose an empirical model that denies the different alternative hypothesis about the determinants of forced displacement in Colombia. According to the empirical resul ts it is not correct to state that displacements take place in rich or poor counties, but it is correct to argue that displacements take place in areas of great economic potential in which, given the existence of strong income concentration mechanisms, scarce political participa tion and high impuni ty levels, the communities live under vulnerable condi tions tha t go beyond poverty; armed conflict

Determinantes de la presión fiscal en las empresas mexicanas durante 1992 - 2009

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Elena Fernández-Rodríguez

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo analiza los factores determinantes del Tipo Impositivo Efectivo (TIE soportado por las compañías cotizadas mexicanas por razón del impuesto sobre bene¿cios. Para ello, se utiliza un panel de datos extraídos de la base de datos Compustat correspondiente a 79 empresas durante el período 1992- 2009 y se aplica el estimador del método generalizado de los momentos en primeras diferencias (GMM diseñado por Arellano y Bond (1991. Los resultados obtenidos permiten concluir que el TIE soportado por estas compañías es mani¿estamente inferior al tipo estatutario y que la presión ¿scal de un ejercicio está condicionada por la soportada previamente. Además se constata una relación no lineal entre tamaño y TIE, soportando menor presión ¿scal las empresas más grandes. Asimismo, presentan menores TIEs cuando el coste de la deuda y las amortizaciones son más elevados.

Determinantes estructurales y su relación con el índice de COP en países de desarrollo alto, mediano y bajo

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Luis Carlos García Rincón

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: describir y analizar los determinantes estructurales y su relación con el índice de COP en países de desarrollo alto, mediano y bajo durante las últimas tres décadas. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo realizado a partir de una revisión de la literatura internacional y nacional en bases de datos y páginas web. Resultados: se encontró un país con índice de COP elevado; un país con índice de COP moderado; 10 países con índice de COP bajo; y 10 países con índice de COP muy bajo. Los países de desarrollo alto y los países de desarrollo bajo se comportan de manera similar en tanto reportan índices de COP inferiores al promedio mundial sugerido por la OMS (2.4. Discusión y conclusiones: se concluye que los valores de COP están asociados fuertemente a factores macroeconómicos, como las políticas y servicios de cuidado de la salud disponibles para la población, más que a la clasificación de desarrollo del Banco Mundial. Los determinantes sociales están directamente relacionados con las políticas estructurales que afectan el bienestar social, la salud y la calidad de vida de la población.

Determinantes para la estructura de financiamiento de las empresas no financieras: un análisis con datos de panel para Ecuador 2004 y 2006

OpenAIRE

Ulloa Mendez, Carmen Isabel; Barrios Villon, Raquel Delcarmen

2008-01-01

La presente tesis hace referencia al análisis de los Determinantes para la Estructura de Financiamiento de las empresas ecuatorianas no financieras que cotizan en el mercado bursátil, aplicando la metodología de datos de panel para el periodo comprendido entre 2004 y 2006, para determinar, mediante un recorrido por la literatura teórica, empírica y la posterior aplicación descriptiva y econometrica, los factores explicativos del nivel de endeudamiento, los cuales manifestarán de forma impo...

Determinantes do processo de infestação domiciliar por Panstrongylus megistus: o papel da habitação e do desmatamento Determinants of the dwelling infestation process by Panstrongylus megistus: the role of housing and deforesting

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Julio Litvoc

1990-12-01

Full Text Available A qualidade das habitações e o desmatamento foram estudados em Caconde e São José do Rio Pardo, municípios paulistas com taxas diferenciadas de infestação domiciliar por Panstrongylus megistus, e com desenvolvimento sócio-econômico dessemelhante. Para o conhecimento da qualidade das habitações recorreu-se a dados registrados na Superintendência de Controle de Endemias (SUCEN durante a década de 70; o estudo do desmatamento foi realizado em mapas, construídos por nós a partir de fotografias aéreas, obtidas em vôos realizados pela Secretaria de Agricultura em 1972 e 1983. A análise sócio-econômica baseou-se nas informações do Censo Agro-pecuário e em entrevistas com agrônomos dos municípios. O estudo mostrou uma situação de maior precariedade das casas em Caconde. Essa situação decorre do menor desenvolvimento sócio-econômico deste município, confirmando assim uma tendência já demonstrada em pesquisas anteriores. O desmatamento foi mais intenso em São José, onde o desenvolvimento social é maior e no qual à taxa de infestação é menor, fato que mostra um comportamento oposto entre os dois determinantes nestes municípios. Os vínculos entre o desmatamento e o maior desenvolvimento sócio-econômico pode também ser demonstrado na medida em que se pode relacionar a atividade produtiva com a destruição da cobertura vegetal natural. Cabe sublinhar que esta tendência de efeito oposto do desmatamento não inverteu o resultado final, ou seja, que o confronto dessas forças determinantes resultou ainda numa taxa de infestação superior em Caconde, área de menor desenvolvimento social. A existência dessas tendências opostas entre os determinantes revela, desse modo, uma maior complexidade no processo de infestação por P. megistus, sem produzir, no entanto, reversão do resultado final.This study investigates the housing conditions and deforesting in Caconde and São José do Rio Pardo, neighbouring towns

Factores determinantes de la localización del sector eléctrico-electrónico en México

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Adán Jacinto Flores Flores

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Este estudio identificó los factores determinantes de la localización del sector eléctrico-electrónico en México, bajo la premisa de que elegir la mejor localización le permite a las empresas ser más competitivas. Para ello se calcularon 16 variables a partir de la información oficial disponible, asimismo, se emplearon los métodos de análisis de componentes principales y regresión lineal para el procesamiento de los datos. En general, la mano de obra ofrece la mayor capacidad explicativa para la localización del sector eléctrico-electrónico en México. En contraste, los servicios especializados no afectan significativamente la elección del lugar.

Probabilistic safety assessment and optimal control of hazardous technological systems. A marked point process approach

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Holmberg, J.

1997-04-01

The thesis models risk management as an optimal control problem for a stochastic process. The approach classes the decisions made by management into three categories according to the control methods of a point process: (1) planned process lifetime, (2) modification of the design, and (3) operational decisions. The approach is used for optimization of plant shutdown criteria and surveillance test strategies of a hypothetical nuclear power plant

Determinantes en la elección del tipo de combustible para cocción de alimentos en asentamientos humanos

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Carlos Meza

2010-04-01

Full Text Available EL ARTÍCULO PRESENTA LOS DETERMINANTES EN LA ELECCIÓN DEL TIPO DE combustible primario para cocción de alimentos en cuatro asentamientos humanos urbanos localizados en los departamentos de Managua y León. Se eligió un modelo logístico binario (Logit que permitió concluir que los factores que inciden en la elecciónson: el ingreso, los niveles de educación, el departamento al que pertenecen los barrios, número de miembros del hogar y la edad del cabeza de familia. Este estudio ofrece un punto de inicio en la discusión de los aspectos de relevancia en la demanda de combustibles a nivel urbano en Managua y León.

Point-point and point-line moving-window correlation spectroscopy and its applications

Science.gov (United States)

Zhou, Qun; Sun, Suqin; Zhan, Daqi; Yu, Zhiwu

2008-07-01

In this paper, we present a new extension of generalized two-dimensional (2D) correlation spectroscopy. Two new algorithms, namely point-point (P-P) correlation and point-line (P-L) correlation, have been introduced to do the moving-window 2D correlation (MW2D) analysis. The new method has been applied to a spectral model consisting of two different processes. The results indicate that P-P correlation spectroscopy can unveil the details and re-constitute the entire process, whilst the P-L can provide general feature of the concerned processes. Phase transition behavior of dimyristoylphosphotidylethanolamine (DMPE) has been studied using MW2D correlation spectroscopy. The newly proposed method verifies that the phase transition temperature is 56 °C, same as the result got from a differential scanning calorimeter. To illustrate the new method further, a lysine and lactose mixture has been studied under thermo perturbation. Using the P-P MW2D, the Maillard reaction of the mixture was clearly monitored, which has been very difficult using conventional display of FTIR spectra.

A CASE STUDY ON POINT PROCESS MODELLING IN DISEASE MAPPING

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Viktor Beneš

2011-05-01

Full Text Available We consider a data set of locations where people in Central Bohemia have been infected by tick-borne encephalitis (TBE, and where population census data and covariates concerning vegetation and altitude are available. The aims are to estimate the risk map of the disease and to study the dependence of the risk on the covariates. Instead of using the common area level approaches we base the analysis on a Bayesian approach for a log Gaussian Cox point process with covariates. Posterior characteristics for a discretized version of the log Gaussian Cox process are computed using Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. A particular problem which is thoroughly discussed is to determine a model for the background population density. The risk map shows a clear dependency with the population intensity models and the basic model which is adopted for the population intensity determines what covariates influence the risk of TBE. Model validation is based on the posterior predictive distribution of various summary statistics.

A business process model as a starting point for tight cooperation among organizations

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

O. Mysliveček

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Outsourcing and other kinds of tight cooperation among organizations are more and more necessary for success on all markets (markets of high technology products are particularly influenced. Thus it is important for companies to be able to effectively set up all kinds of cooperation. A business process model (BPM is a suitable starting point for this future cooperation. In this paper the process of setting up such cooperation is outlined, as well as why it is important for business success. 

Topobathymetric LiDAR point cloud processing and landform classification in a tidal environment

Science.gov (United States)

Skovgaard Andersen, Mikkel; Al-Hamdani, Zyad; Steinbacher, Frank; Rolighed Larsen, Laurids; Brandbyge Ernstsen, Verner

2017-04-01

Historically it has been difficult to create high resolution Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) in land-water transition zones due to shallow water depth and often challenging environmental conditions. This gap of information has been reflected as a "white ribbon" with no data in the land-water transition zone. In recent years, the technology of airborne topobathymetric Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) has proven capable of filling out the gap by simultaneously capturing topographic and bathymetric elevation information, using only a single green laser. We collected green LiDAR point cloud data in the Knudedyb tidal inlet system in the Danish Wadden Sea in spring 2014. Creating a DEM from a point cloud requires the general processing steps of data filtering, water surface detection and refraction correction. However, there is no transparent and reproducible method for processing green LiDAR data into a DEM, specifically regarding the procedure of water surface detection and modelling. We developed a step-by-step procedure for creating a DEM from raw green LiDAR point cloud data, including a procedure for making a Digital Water Surface Model (DWSM) (see Andersen et al., 2017). Two different classification analyses were applied to the high resolution DEM: A geomorphometric and a morphological classification, respectively. The classification methods were originally developed for a small test area; but in this work, we have used the classification methods to classify the complete Knudedyb tidal inlet system. References Andersen MS, Gergely Á, Al-Hamdani Z, Steinbacher F, Larsen LR, Ernstsen VB (2017). Processing and performance of topobathymetric lidar data for geomorphometric and morphological classification in a high-energy tidal environment. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21: 43-63, doi:10.5194/hess-21-43-2017. Acknowledgements This work was funded by the Danish Council for Independent Research | Natural Sciences through the project "Process-based understanding and

Multiple Monte Carlo Testing with Applications in Spatial Point Processes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mrkvička, Tomáš; Myllymäki, Mari; Hahn, Ute

with a function as the test statistic, 3) several Monte Carlo tests with functions as test statistics. The rank test has correct (global) type I error in each case and it is accompanied with a p-value and with a graphical interpretation which shows which subtest or which distances of the used test function......(s) lead to the rejection at the prescribed significance level of the test. Examples of null hypothesis from point process and random set statistics are used to demonstrate the strength of the rank envelope test. The examples include goodness-of-fit test with several test functions, goodness-of-fit test...

The effect of post-processing treatments on inflection points in current–voltage curves of roll-to-roll processed polymer photovoltaics

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lilliedal, Mathilde Raad; Medford, Andrew James; Vesterager Madsen, Morten

2010-01-01

Inflection point behaviour is often observed in the current–voltage (IV) curve of polymer solar cells. This phenomenon is examined in the context of flexible roll-to-roll (R2R) processed polymer solar cells in a large series of devices with a layer structure of: PET–ITO–ZnO–P3HT...... characterization of device interfaces was carried out in order to identify possible chemical processes that are related to photo-annealing. A possible mechanism based on ZnO photoconductivity, photooxidation and redistribution of oxygen inside the cell is proposed, and it is anticipated that the findings......:PCBM–PEDOT:PSS–Ag. The devices were manufactured using a combination of slot-die coating and screen printing; they were then encapsulated by lamination using a polymer based barrier material. All manufacturing steps were carried out in ambient air. The freshly prepared devices showed a consistent inflection point in the IV...

Determinantes de guerra de preços e conluio no transporte aéreo brasileiro

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Carolina Campana Nascimento

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar possíveis padrões de guerras de preço e formação de conluio pelas companhias aéreas que operam no trecho Rio de Janeiro - São Paulo (GOL e TAM e estimar as condições que facilitaram os dois fenômenos no período de 2002 a 2010. Para tanto, utilizaram-se a teoria dos jogos, a teoria econômica dos cartéis e os modelos logit como instrumentos de análise. Os resultados obtidos mostram que os fatores determinantes desses dois fenômenos são diferentes para cada companhia aérea: a TAM apresentou maior probabilidade de formação de conluio que a GOL no período analisado, enquanto esta última teve maior probabilidade de entrar em uma guerra de preços do que em um conluio. Além disso, as variáveis utilizadas neste estudo não conseguiram explicar a probabilidade da TAM praticar guerra de preços.

Determinantes de la participación en actividades físicas en el Perú

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kenyi Cansino

Full Text Available En el presente documento se trata de establecer los determinantes de la participación en actividades físicas en el Perú a partir de la estructura económica presentada en Cawley y un modelo de elección de participación propuesto por Humprheys y Ruseski. A través de la Encuesta Nacional de Indicadores Nutricionales, Bioquímicos, Socioeconómicos y Culturales Relacionados con las Enfermedades Crónico - Degenerativas (ENIN de 2006, se estimó un modelo logístico mediante el cual se observó que individuos más educados tienen una mayor probabilidad de participar en actividades físicas. Se describe, además, que las características como el estatus socioeconómico y trabajar disminuyen la probabilidad de participar en actividades físicas debido a un mayor costo de oportunidad. Del mismo modo, se observa que las personas adultas presentan una menor probabilidad de participar en actividades físicas debido a características biológicas

La pobreza infantil en clave de derechos humanos y sociales. Definiciones, estimaciones y principales determinantes (2010-2014

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ianina Tuñón

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Los niños, niñas y adolescentes conforman una de las poblaciones más vulnerables a la pobreza con relativa independencia de la definición y método de medición que se utilice. En este artículo se presentan diferentes formas de medir la pobreza a nivel de la infancia y adolescencia en la Argentina urbana, y se presenta un índice multidimensional que busca dar cuenta de la complejidad del fenómeno. Se definieron espacios de privación relacionados con distintas dimensiones de derecho: alimentación, saneamiento, vivienda, salud, estimulación temprana, educación e información. A partir de los datos de la Encuesta de la Deuda Social Argentina, se analiza la incidencia, evolución y determinantes de las privaciones entre 2010 y 2014.

La imagen de empresa como factor determinante en la elección de operador: identidad y posicionamiento de las empresas de comunicaciones móviles

OpenAIRE

García de los Salmones Sánchez, María del Mar

2002-01-01

La imagen corporativa se constituye como un activo intangible fuente de ventajas competitivas que debe ser correctamente gestionado para extraerle todo su potencial. Partiendo de una revisión de literatura sobre imagen e identidad, la Tesis profundiza en el carácter multidimensional de la imagen y en las variables que influyen en la misma. Para ello se plantean diversas hipótesis referidas a los determinantes de la elección de empresa con mejor imagen global, desarrollando al respecto un mode...

Determinantes que inciden en la satisfacción y retorno de los turistas de los Pueblos Mágicos del Estado de México

OpenAIRE

Herrera Hernández, Amparo Judith

2016-01-01

El presente trabajo de investigación presenta una aproximación al análisis en materia de gestión municipal enfocada al turismo. El estudio se centra en conocer los determinantes que permitan medir la satisfacción que obtienen los turistas que visitan los Pueblos Mágicos del Estado de México, y así conocer si hay relación con el retorno y el fomento a la economía local. La información se obtuvo a través de una encuesta realizada a los turistas que visitaron los municipios de Valle de Bravo, Ma...

Clusterless Decoding of Position From Multiunit Activity Using A Marked Point Process Filter

Science.gov (United States)

Deng, Xinyi; Liu, Daniel F.; Kay, Kenneth; Frank, Loren M.; Eden, Uri T.

2016-01-01

Point process filters have been applied successfully to decode neural signals and track neural dynamics. Traditionally, these methods assume that multiunit spiking activity has already been correctly spike-sorted. As a result, these methods are not appropriate for situations where sorting cannot be performed with high precision such as real-time decoding for brain-computer interfaces. As the unsupervised spike-sorting problem remains unsolved, we took an alternative approach that takes advantage of recent insights about clusterless decoding. Here we present a new point process decoding algorithm that does not require multiunit signals to be sorted into individual units. We use the theory of marked point processes to construct a function that characterizes the relationship between a covariate of interest (in this case, the location of a rat on a track) and features of the spike waveforms. In our example, we use tetrode recordings, and the marks represent a four-dimensional vector of the maximum amplitudes of the spike waveform on each of the four electrodes. In general, the marks may represent any features of the spike waveform. We then use Bayes’ rule to estimate spatial location from hippocampal neural activity. We validate our approach with a simulation study and with experimental data recorded in the hippocampus of a rat moving through a linear environment. Our decoding algorithm accurately reconstructs the rat’s position from unsorted multiunit spiking activity. We then compare the quality of our decoding algorithm to that of a traditional spike-sorting and decoding algorithm. Our analyses show that the proposed decoding algorithm performs equivalently or better than algorithms based on sorted single-unit activity. These results provide a path toward accurate real-time decoding of spiking patterns that could be used to carry out content-specific manipulations of population activity in hippocampus or elsewhere in the brain. PMID:25973549

Neutron capture at the s-process branching points $^{171}$Tm and $^{204}$Tl

CERN Multimedia

Branching points in the s-process are very special isotopes for which there is a competition between the neutron capture and the subsequent b-decay chain producing the heavy elements beyond Fe. Typically, the knowledge on the associated capture cross sections is very poor due to the difficulty in obtaining enough material of these radioactive isotopes and to measure the cross section of a sample with an intrinsic activity; indeed only 2 out o the 21 ${s}$-process branching points have ever been measured by using the time-of-flight method. In this experiment we aim at measuring for the first time the capture cross sections of $^{171}$Tm and $^{204}$Tl, both of crucial importance for understanding the nucleosynthesis of heavy elements in AGB stars. The combination of both (n,$\\gamma$) measurements on $^{171}$Tm and $^{204}$Tl will allow one to accurately constrain neutron density and the strength of the 13C(α,n) source in low mass AGB stars. Additionally, the cross section of $^{204}$Tl is also of cosmo-chrono...

Probabilistic safety assessment and optimal control of hazardous technological systems. A marked point process approach

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Holmberg, J [VTT Automation, Espoo (Finland)

1997-04-01

The thesis models risk management as an optimal control problem for a stochastic process. The approach classes the decisions made by management into three categories according to the control methods of a point process: (1) planned process lifetime, (2) modification of the design, and (3) operational decisions. The approach is used for optimization of plant shutdown criteria and surveillance test strategies of a hypothetical nuclear power plant. 62 refs. The thesis includes also five previous publications by author.

Determinantes da satisfação e atributos da qualidade em serviços de salão de beleza Determinants of satisfaction and quality attributes in beauty salon services

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José Luis Duarte Ribeiro

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta um modelo de representação dos determinantes da satisfação dos clientes de serviços em salões de beleza e dos atributos de qualidade percebidos por eles. Para isso, foram aplicadas duas pesquisas junto a usuários de salões de beleza com a finalidade de: (i determinar as relações entre os determinantes da satisfação dos clientes; e (ii identificar e hierarquizar atributos de qualidade percebidos, de acordo com sua importância para os clientes do serviço em questão. A confirmação de expectativas e a qualidade percebida aparecem como os principais determinantes da satisfação dos clientes. Competência técnica, limpeza do ambiente e dos utensílios, cumprimento de horários e localização conveniente aparecem como os principais atributos de qualidade percebidos. Os resultados desta pesquisa podem ser usados pelos gerentes de salões de beleza para aprimorar a qualidade do serviço e a satisfação dos clientes, estabelecendo um diferencial competitivo para sua empresa.This paper presents a model to represent customer satisfaction determinants and perceived quality attributes in the hairdressing and beauty service segment. Two surveys were applied to beauty salon users with the purpose of: (i determine the relationships among customer satisfaction determinants, and (ii identify and rank attributes of perceived quality, according to their importance for customers of this segment. Confirmation of expectations and perceived quality appear as the main determinants of customer satisfaction. Technical competence, cleanliness of environment and tools, compliance to appointments, and convenient locations appear as the main attributes of perceived quality. These results can be used by managers of beauty salons to improve service quality and customer satisfaction, establishing a competitive advantage for their companies.

Determinantes dos arranjos contratuais: o caso da transação produtor-processador de carne bovina no Uruguai

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Mario Mondelli

2008-09-01

Full Text Available Quais os determinantes da escolha do arranjo contratual nas transações entre produtores e processadores de carne bovina? A pergunta problema se insere no estudo dos mecanismos associados à coordenação da produção para dar respostas às preocupações dos consumidores. Observa-se a coexistência de arranjos contratuais nos sistemas produtivos de carne bovina, entre os quais a transação direta entre o pecuarista e o frigorífico, ou via intermediário especializado. A Economia dos Custos de Transação (ECT pode ser utilizada para explicar a escolha dos arranjos contratuais observados, como resposta aos desafios de ganhos de eficiência "economizando" nos custos das transações. O presente estudo focaliza o sistema agroindustrial de carne bovina uruguaio, sendo estruturado em três partes. Primeiro a análise do histórico das relações entre produtores e processadores, e mudanças do ambiente institucional. A seguir, a partir das dimensões da transação (freqüência, especificidade de ativo e incerteza geram-se hipóteses a respeito dos determinantes da escolha dos arranjos contratuais. Finalmente as hipóteses são testadas a partir de um modelo logit. Utiliza-se um painel de dados com a totalidade de transações realizadas entre produtores e processadores fornecidos pelo Ministério de Agricultura do Uruguai (77.000 transações. Os resultados validam estatisticamente as hipóteses levantadas a respeito dos determinantes da escolha do arranjo contratual entre produtores e processadores. Uma transação tem maior probabilidade de se alinhar com o arranjo contratual direto (mais coordenado quanto maior o grau de ativos específicos envolvidos no produto, quanto menor a distância entre o produtor e o processador e quanto maior a freqüência de transações entre as partes envolvidas, corroborando a teoria de ECT.What are the determinants of the commercial channel choice in the beef producers-processors transactions? The question

Las líneas: elementos determinantes de la investigación

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Omar Parra Rozo

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Como el trazo esencial que da figura y origen a lo existente, desde sus orígenes míticos hasta los razonamientos científicos y desde el diario transcurrir hasta las formas estéticas que de ella se derivan, la línea es el elemento constitutivo que proporciona sentido, horizonte y razón al conocimiento y al sentir humano. Los múltiples problemas que se originan en el contexto que rodea un hecho cotidiano, un experimento o una reflexión filosófica, un acto de fe o un asunto pedagógico, suscitan un planteamiento de propuestas y proyectos. La construcción y la reconstrucción de éstos, el esbozo metodológico, los procesos y los productos investigativos, su socialización y difusión tienen una raíz esencial: la línea que los origina. A partir del mito y la narrativa se consigue vislumbrar la génesis de la línea y su armazón determinante en el progreso del conocimiento, la docencia y la investigación. Se puede decir, merced a lo investigado, que se mantiene un descuido epistemológico en la explicación de la línea de conocimiento o de investigación que debe ser subsanado yendo a sus orígenes y visualizando su prospectiva, pues la línea constituye un referente imprescindible y estructural de cualquier proceso investigativo.

Más allá de la Curva Ambiental de Kuznets: comprensión de los determinantes de la degradación ambiental en México

OpenAIRE

Ikuho Kochi; Patricia Cecilia Medina López

2013-01-01

Este estudio estima los factores determinantes de los niveles de emisión de dióxido de azufre (SO2) utilizando modelos estructurales con datos de panel a nivel estatal en México. El modelo se calcula para las emisiones de SO2 de diferentes fuentes de contaminación, en concreto, fuentes de la industria, pequeñas empresas y fuentes que representan las emisiones de los automóviles. Los factores socioeconómicos considerados en los modelos estructurales son: la composición de la economía, la calid...

Actividad física y estructura social. revisión de la literatura científica a partir de los determinantes sociales de la salud

OpenAIRE

Seguro Jaramillo, Bibiana Marìa

2017-01-01

Resumen En la actualidad, los marcos conceptuales de la actividad física van más allá del movimiento y del gasto energético. Contenplan además dimensiones políticas, económicas, sociales y culturales. A pesar de este reconocimiento la mayor parte de investigaciones vislumbran algunas aristas en su definición. Por esta razón, se realizó una revisión narrativa desde los abordajes de los determinantes sociales de la salud a partir del modelo de Marmot, Wilkilson y colaboradores, porque el cam...

UNA APROXIMACION A LOS DETERMINANTES SOCIOECONOMICOS DE LA MORTALIDAD INFANTIL Y DE NIÑEZ EN BOLIVIA: USO DE METODOS INDIRECTOS DE CALCULO DE MORTALIDAD Y ANALISIS BIVARIADO

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Pamela Córdova

2016-01-01

Full Text Available A pesar de las importantes mejoras en los resultados de salud infantil y de niñez durante el Siglo XXI en América Latina, las tasas de mortalidad infantil y de niñez permanecen inaceptablemente altas en Bolivia encontrándose entre las más elevadas la región, solo por debajo de Haití, dirigiéndose a una deficiente salud infantil y de niñez. Estos resultados requieren de evidencia científica sobre la mejor manera de hacer frente a sus determinantes. Este estudio aproxima, teóricamente, mediante el marco teórico propuesto por Mosley-Chen y Sastry, los determinantes de la mortalidad infantil y de niñez en Bolivia enfocados en características individuales, del hogar y contextual. Además se examina de manera preliminar los niveles y magnitudes de la mortalidad mediante el uso de métodos directos e indirectos de estimación mediante la técnica propuesta por la versión Trussel y la versión Palloni-Heligman del Método de Brass y se realiza un análisis bivariado que da cuenta de relaciones existentes entre la mortalidad infantil y de niñez y las variables a nivel del hogar, individual y contextual relacionado con las políticas públicas.

Estratificación del bajo peso al nacer desde un enfoque de determinantes sociales Stratification of Low Birth Weight from a Social Determinants Approach

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Meira Mileny Sotolongo Acosta

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Fundamento: el área materno-infantil requiere de un enfoque en sus determinantes para aumentar el alcance estratégico de sus programas. Objetivo: estratificar el bajo peso al nacer en el municipio de Cienfuegos y caracterizar el bajo peso de acuerdo a determinantes sociales seleccionadas. Métodos: se realizó un estudio epidemiológico, descriptivo, correlacional sobre la estratificación del bajo peso al nacer en los consejos populares del municipio Cienfuegos, en el período comprendido entre los años 2003 y 2007. Los estratos se definieron según el valor de la media del índice de bajo peso al nacer en este periodo. Para realizar el análisis de las variables cualitativas en muestras independientes se utilizó la prueba de independencia u homogeneidad utilizada en el caso de dos muestras con resultado dicotómico o más. El procesamiento estadístico se realizó en el programa SPSS versión 15,0 y se utilizaron como medidas matemáticas para las variables cualitativas el porcentaje, y para las variables cuantitativas la media aritmética. La técnica estadística para relacionar las variables fue la prueba Chi-cuadrado. Resultados: se mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los estratos de bajo, mediano y alto riesgo, en el nivel de escolaridad, estado civil, ocupación, evaluación nutricional, hábito de fumar, antecedentes de bajo peso al nacer, período ínter genésico. La única enfermedad asociada que mostró diferencias entre ellos fue la hipertensión gestacional. Conclusiones: el bajo peso al nacer continúa siendo un serio problema de salud en el municipio Cienfuegos, cuestión esta que debe ser abordada desde sus determinantes para realizar intervenciones futuras y el logro de mejores resultados.Background: maternal-infant area requires a determinants approach in order to enhance the strategic reach of its programs. Objective: to stratify low birth weight in the municipality of Cienfuegos and to

Monte Carlo point process estimation of electromyographic envelopes from motor cortical spikes for brain-machine interfaces

Science.gov (United States)

Liao, Yuxi; She, Xiwei; Wang, Yiwen; Zhang, Shaomin; Zhang, Qiaosheng; Zheng, Xiaoxiang; Principe, Jose C.

2015-12-01

Objective. Representation of movement in the motor cortex (M1) has been widely studied in brain-machine interfaces (BMIs). The electromyogram (EMG) has greater bandwidth than the conventional kinematic variables (such as position, velocity), and is functionally related to the discharge of cortical neurons. As the stochastic information of EMG is derived from the explicit spike time structure, point process (PP) methods will be a good solution for decoding EMG directly from neural spike trains. Previous studies usually assume linear or exponential tuning curves between neural firing and EMG, which may not be true. Approach. In our analysis, we estimate the tuning curves in a data-driven way and find both the traditional functional-excitatory and functional-inhibitory neurons, which are widely found across a rat’s motor cortex. To accurately decode EMG envelopes from M1 neural spike trains, the Monte Carlo point process (MCPP) method is implemented based on such nonlinear tuning properties. Main results. Better reconstruction of EMG signals is shown on baseline and extreme high peaks, as our method can better preserve the nonlinearity of the neural tuning during decoding. The MCPP improves the prediction accuracy (the normalized mean squared error) 57% and 66% on average compared with the adaptive point process filter using linear and exponential tuning curves respectively, for all 112 data segments across six rats. Compared to a Wiener filter using spike rates with an optimal window size of 50 ms, MCPP decoding EMG from a point process improves the normalized mean square error (NMSE) by 59% on average. Significance. These results suggest that neural tuning is constantly changing during task execution and therefore, the use of spike timing methodologies and estimation of appropriate tuning curves needs to be undertaken for better EMG decoding in motor BMIs.

Determinantes de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de pacientes en diálisis de Uruguay.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana I Galain

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Existen pocos estudios sobre la percepción subjetiva de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en pacientes renales cursando su etapa terminal, que vivan en países no industrializados. El propósito de este estudio fue comprender las relaciones subyacentes entre los diferentes determinantes de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud, en los pacientes en tratamiento sustitutivo renal en Uruguay. Se realizó un estudio transversal en una muestra de 243 pacientes de cinco centros de hemodiálisis y diálisis peritoneal de la ciudad de Montevideo (edad media de 56,6 años, SD 16,2; 58% hombres. Se realizó un análisis de regresión lineal univariado para cada variable independiente. Se incluyó un total de 61 variables independientes biológicas/clínicas, sociodemográficas y psicosociales. La CVRS fue evaluada utilizando el cuestionario SF-36, que consta de ocho subescalas, más el Componente de Resumen Físico (PCS y el Componente de Resumen Mental (MCS. Aquellas variables que mostraron una asociación significativa en el análisis univariado (p< 0,10 fueron incluidas en un análisis de regresión multivariado. Fueron estudiados diez modelos de regresión, para las 8 subescalas del SF-36, el PCS y MCS. Quince variables fueron significativas en los modelos multivariados: tiempo en tratamiento sustitutivo renal, urea, creatinina, hemoglobina, hierro hospitalizaciones, enfermedades agudas, ceguera, edad, género, vivir con alguien, situación laboral, administración de antidepresivos o de antipsicóticos y mantenimiento de la vida sexual; explicando el 43% de la varianza de PCS y el 35% de MCS. El tipo y relevancia de las variables explicativas difieren a lo largo de las diversas dimensiones de la CVRS. Destacamos como conclusión el entrelazamiento de factores biológicos, sociodemográficos y psicosociales como determinantes de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en los pacientes renales cursando su etapa terminal, lo que

Weak interaction rates for Kr and Sr waiting-point nuclei under rp-process conditions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sarriguren, P.

2009-01-01

Weak interaction rates are studied in neutron deficient Kr and Sr waiting-point isotopes in ranges of densities and temperatures relevant for the rp process. The nuclear structure is described within a microscopic model (deformed QRPA) that reproduces not only the half-lives but also the Gamow-Teller strength distributions recently measured. The various sensitivities of the decay rates to both density and temperature are discussed. Continuum electron capture is shown to contribute significantly to the weak rates at rp-process conditions.

Variables determinantes del drag-flick en jugadoras de hockey hierba

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Cristina López de Subijana Hernández

2012-12-01

Full Text Available El penalti córner es una de las situaciones de juego más importantes en el hockey hierba. Las mujeres utilizan menos el drag-flick que los hombres. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron describir los parámetros cinemáticos del drag-flick en jugadoras especialistas y hallar las variables determinantes en el rendimiento en este gesto técnico en jugadoras de hockey. Se analizaron quince lanzamientos de cinco lanzadoras con 6 cámaras del sistema de captura automática VICON registrando a 250 Hz. Para la comparación de medias se utilizó un análisis no paramétrico Kruskall Wallis de un factor (sujeto. Aquellos parámetros en los que se hallaron diferencias significativas, se compararon por pares por medio de una U de Mann Whitney. Las jugadoras 1 (22,5 ± 0,9 m/s y 3 (22,6 ± 0,7 m/s registraron velocidades de salida de la bola superiores (p < 0,001 a todas las demás jugadoras (19,1 ± 0,7 m/s jugadora 2; 20,5 ± 0,4 m/s jugadora 4 y 19,9 ± 0,4 m/s jugadora 5. La jugadora 1 basa su aceleración final en un doble apoyo largo, con una secuencia de velocidades y una distancia recorrida lo más amplia posible. Sin embargo, jugadora 3 basa su velocidad en la carrera previa, y en una secuencia de movimientos explosiva. Las características individuales de cada jugadora juegan un papel importante en la elección de una estrategia técnica u otra de lanzamiento.

¿Conocimiento, medio ambiente o salud? Una investigación sobre los determinantes del consumo de alimentos ecológicos en España

OpenAIRE

López Galán, Belinda Susan; Gracia Royo, Azucena; Barreiro Hurlé, Jesús

2013-01-01

El objetivo de este estudio es determinar los factores que influyen en la intención de compra de alimentos ecológicos de los consumidores españoles. Para ello se ha especificado un modelo de intención de compra basado en la Teoría del Comportamiento Planeado de Ajzen al que se ha añadido el nivel de conocimiento sobre los alimentos ecológicos y la preocupación por la salud y el medioambiente como factores determinantes de la intención de compra. Para estimar el modelo se ha especificado un mo...

Mixed-Poisson Point Process with Partially-Observed Covariates: Ecological Momentary Assessment of Smoking.

Science.gov (United States)

Neustifter, Benjamin; Rathbun, Stephen L; Shiffman, Saul

2012-01-01

Ecological Momentary Assessment is an emerging method of data collection in behavioral research that may be used to capture the times of repeated behavioral events on electronic devices, and information on subjects' psychological states through the electronic administration of questionnaires at times selected from a probability-based design as well as the event times. A method for fitting a mixed Poisson point process model is proposed for the impact of partially-observed, time-varying covariates on the timing of repeated behavioral events. A random frailty is included in the point-process intensity to describe variation among subjects in baseline rates of event occurrence. Covariate coefficients are estimated using estimating equations constructed by replacing the integrated intensity in the Poisson score equations with a design-unbiased estimator. An estimator is also proposed for the variance of the random frailties. Our estimators are robust in the sense that no model assumptions are made regarding the distribution of the time-varying covariates or the distribution of the random effects. However, subject effects are estimated under gamma frailties using an approximate hierarchical likelihood. The proposed approach is illustrated using smoking data.

Determinantes da Estrutura de Capital de Empresas Brasileiras: Uma Análise Empírica das Teorias de Pecking Order e Trade-Off no Período de 2005 e 2014

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcelo Rabelo Henrique

2018-04-01

Full Text Available O presente estudo investiga os determinantes da estrutura de capital, utilizando a técnica de regressão múltipla de dados, para uma amostra de 723 empresas, de diversos setores da economia brasileira, no período de 2005 e 2014, a fim de determinar a importância relativa dos fatores específicos da empresa. A teoria do pecking order oferece a existência de uma hierarquia no uso de fontes de recursos, enquanto a teoria de trade-off considera a existência de uma estrutura meta de capital que seria perseguida pela empresa. Foram utilizadas doze variáveis contábeis, nas quais cinco foram dependentes (relacionadas à endividamentos e mais sete como variáveis independentes (explicativas dos determinantes da estrutura de capital.  Foram elas: a endividamentos: Endividamento Total; Endividamento de Curto Prazo; Endividamento de Longo Prazo; Endividamento Financeiro Oneroso de Curto Prazo; e, Endividamento Financeiro Oneroso de Longo Prazo; b Determinantes da Estrutura de Capital: Liquidez Corrente; Tangibilidade; Retorno dos Ativos; Retorno aos Investidores; Nível de Pagamento do Imposto de Renda; Crescimento das Vendas; e, Crescimento dos Ativos. Os principais resultados deste estudo como contribuição foram os seguintes: a relações positivas em tangibilidade dos ativos e negativa para os retornos dos ativos; b a liquidez corrente está relacionada negativamente com os indicadores de endividamento; c o retorno aos investidores não foi possível confirmar sua relação com os indicadores de endividamento; d crescimento dos ativos é relacionada positivamente com o endividamento a curto prazo e relacionada negativamente com os endividamentos de curto e longo prazos financeiros onerosos; e o crescimento das vendas é relacionada negativamente com os indicadores de endividamento; f o nível de pagamento de imposto de renda apresentou uma relação positiva junto ao endividamento de curto prazo, não sendo possível compará-la com outros n

Nueva metodología del concepto de determinante en la asignatura de Matemáticas I del Curso de Orientación Universitaria

OpenAIRE

Uña Juarez, Isaías

1995-01-01

En este trabajo se desarrolla una propuesta de metodología docente para el concepto de determinante y sus propiedades en la asignatura de matemáticas I dirigida a alumnos de C.O.U. Se ha diseñado en dos fases: una de revisión histórica del concepto, y de enunciación de un nuevo método. Una segunda de carácter empírico con un diseño experimental con una muestra de 408 sujetos, habiéndose utilizado los instrumentos estadísticos pertinentes al diseño. Las conclusiones y fuentes documentales se e...

Modernização da Agricultura em Moçambique: determinantes da renda agrícola

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos E. Guanziroli

2015-03-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar até que ponto as tecnologias oriundas da revolução verde foram efetivamente adotadas na África Subsaariana e, nos casos em que foram adotadas, se tiveram sucesso em melhorar a renda e a produtividade da agricultura. Para este fim, o trabalho faz primeiramente um breve resumo do estado das artes da revolução verde na África, mostrando quais países avançaram mais e como se correlaciona a utilização de fertilizantes químicos com os aumentos de produtividade. Faz-se também uma discussão sobre as características do processo de intensificação num caso em particular, o de Moçambique. Finalmente, com base nos microdados do Tratado de Inquérito Agrícola (TIA, se testa um modelo econométrico de MQO que visa avaliar os determinantes da renda agrícola e, em particular, do uso de fertilizantes químicos.

Determinantes socioeconómicos del consumo en los estratos más altos de Costa Rica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Allan Hernández Chanto

2007-03-01

Full Text Available La literatura económica sobre los determinantes del ingreso y el consumo ha estado orientada primordialmente a la medición de la pobreza, por lo que se insiste poco en cuáles son las capacidades y potencialidades que ostentan los individuos en los estratos sociales más altos. A partir de la Encuesta de Ingresos y Gastos 2004, recogida por el Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos de Costa Rica, se realiza un análisis de regresión logit ordenado del consumo de los hogares, sobre potenciales variables explicativas. Los resultados muestran que la educación es un factor importante para no ocuparse en los estratos más bajos de la distribución, pero no garantiza ubicarse en la clase rica; que la concentración de la riqueza se da en la zona urbana de la Región Central, y que la estructura del ingreso de las familias más ricas está determinado fuertemente por un componente de renta.

Analysing the distribution of synaptic vesicles using a spatial point process model

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Khanmohammadi, Mahdieh; Waagepetersen, Rasmus; Nava, Nicoletta

2014-01-01

functionality by statistically modelling the distribution of the synaptic vesicles in two groups of rats: a control group subjected to sham stress and a stressed group subjected to a single acute foot-shock (FS)-stress episode. We hypothesize that the synaptic vesicles have different spatial distributions...... in the two groups. The spatial distributions are modelled using spatial point process models with an inhomogeneous conditional intensity and repulsive pairwise interactions. Our results verify the hypothesis that the two groups have different spatial distributions....

INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL DETERMINANTS OF INNOVATION CAPABILITY IN PORTUGUESE SERVICES FIRMS: A LOGIT APPROACH DETERMINANTES INTERNOS Y EXTERNOS DE LA CAPACIDAD DE INNOVAR DE LAS EMPRESAS DE SERVICIOS PORTUGUESAS: MODELO LOGIT DETERMINANTES INTERNOS E EXTERNOS DA CAPACIDADE INOVADORA DAS EMPRESAS DE SERVIÇOS PORTUGUESAS: MODELO LOGIT

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria José Silva

2013-01-01

Full Text Available This research examined the degree of importance of factors internal and external determinants of innovative company, under the Portuguese service companies. Based on the literature has built up a conceptual model and hypotheses were formulated several research have been tested empirically, using the secondary data provided by the Center for Science  and Higher Education (OCES, belonging to the 4th Community Innovation Survey (CIS 4, supervised by EUROSTAT. The method was to use logistic regression. According to the results, as greater financial investment in internal  research activities and development in acquisition of external knowledge and marketing activities in the greater propensity of firms to innovate at the level of services. The results allow a joint analysis of the factors that promote and restrict the innovative capacity of service companies, which identify the main determinants and improve the knowledge on innovation in services. The contribution of the results refers to the identification of which factors are really important in stimulating innovation in service firms.Esta investigación analizó el grado de importancia de los factores internos y externos determinantes de la capacidad innovadora empresarial en el ámbito de las empresas de servicios portuguesas. Con base en la literatura se construyó un  modelo conceptual y se formularon varias hipótesis de investigación que fueron testadas empíricamente, utilizándose los datos secundarios facultados por el “Observatorio de Ciencia y de la Enseñanza Superior” (OCES, pertenecientes a la 4ª Indagación Comunitaria a la Innovación (CIS 4, bajo la supervisión de EUROSTAT. El método utilizado fue la regresión logística. De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos, cuanto mayores sean las inversiones financieras en actividades internas de investigación y desarrollo, en adquisición de conocimientos externos y en actividades de marketing, mayor es la

A customizable stochastic state point process filter (SSPPF) for neural spiking activity.

Science.gov (United States)

Xin, Yao; Li, Will X Y; Min, Biao; Han, Yan; Cheung, Ray C C

2013-01-01

Stochastic State Point Process Filter (SSPPF) is effective for adaptive signal processing. In particular, it has been successfully applied to neural signal coding/decoding in recent years. Recent work has proven its efficiency in non-parametric coefficients tracking in modeling of mammal nervous system. However, existing SSPPF has only been realized in commercial software platforms which limit their computational capability. In this paper, the first hardware architecture of SSPPF has been designed and successfully implemented on field-programmable gate array (FPGA), proving a more efficient means for coefficient tracking in a well-established generalized Laguerre-Volterra model for mammalian hippocampal spiking activity research. By exploring the intrinsic parallelism of the FPGA, the proposed architecture is able to process matrices or vectors with random size, and is efficiently scalable. Experimental result shows its superior performance comparing to the software implementation, while maintaining the numerical precision. This architecture can also be potentially utilized in the future hippocampal cognitive neural prosthesis design.

Simultaneous reconstruction of multiple depth images without off-focus points in integral imaging using a graphics processing unit.

Science.gov (United States)

Yi, Faliu; Lee, Jieun; Moon, Inkyu

2014-05-01

The reconstruction of multiple depth images with a ray back-propagation algorithm in three-dimensional (3D) computational integral imaging is computationally burdensome. Further, a reconstructed depth image consists of a focus and an off-focus area. Focus areas are 3D points on the surface of an object that are located at the reconstructed depth, while off-focus areas include 3D points in free-space that do not belong to any object surface in 3D space. Generally, without being removed, the presence of an off-focus area would adversely affect the high-level analysis of a 3D object, including its classification, recognition, and tracking. Here, we use a graphics processing unit (GPU) that supports parallel processing with multiple processors to simultaneously reconstruct multiple depth images using a lookup table containing the shifted values along the x and y directions for each elemental image in a given depth range. Moreover, each 3D point on a depth image can be measured by analyzing its statistical variance with its corresponding samples, which are captured by the two-dimensional (2D) elemental images. These statistical variances can be used to classify depth image pixels as either focus or off-focus points. At this stage, the measurement of focus and off-focus points in multiple depth images is also implemented in parallel on a GPU. Our proposed method is conducted based on the assumption that there is no occlusion of the 3D object during the capture stage of the integral imaging process. Experimental results have demonstrated that this method is capable of removing off-focus points in the reconstructed depth image. The results also showed that using a GPU to remove the off-focus points could greatly improve the overall computational speed compared with using a CPU.

Modelling point patterns with linear structures

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Møller, Jesper; Rasmussen, Jakob Gulddahl

2009-01-01

processes whose realizations contain such linear structures. Such a point process is constructed sequentially by placing one point at a time. The points are placed in such a way that new points are often placed close to previously placed points, and the points form roughly line shaped structures. We...... consider simulations of this model and compare with real data....

Modelling point patterns with linear structures

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Møller, Jesper; Rasmussen, Jakob Gulddahl

processes whose realizations contain such linear structures. Such a point process is constructed sequentially by placing one point at a time. The points are placed in such a way that new points are often placed close to previously placed points, and the points form roughly line shaped structures. We...... consider simulations of this model and compare with real data....

The Oil Point Method - A tool for indicative environmental evaluation in material and process selection

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bey, Niki

2000-01-01

to three essential assessment steps, the method enables rough environmental evaluations and supports in this way material- and process-related decision-making in the early stages of design. In its overall structure, the Oil Point Method is related to Life Cycle Assessment - except for two main differences...... of environmental evaluation and only approximate information about the product and its life cycle. This dissertation addresses this challenge in presenting a method, which is tailored to these requirements of designers - the Oil Point Method (OPM). In providing environmental key information and confining itself...

An Initial Review of the Characteristics and Determinants of Female Entrepreneurs in Puerto Rico Características y determinantes de mujeres empresarias en Puerto Rico: una mirada inicial

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marisela Santiago Castro

2013-10-01

Full Text Available This paper outlines the characteristics and determinants of Puerto Rican female entrepreneurs in 2007.  This study utilizes data from the Adult Population Survey (APS for 2007 from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM Project.  We find that female entrepreneurs in Puerto Rico are most likely sole owners of their business establishment, face many local competitors, and do not generally export their goods or services outside of the Island. The primary motivation for business start-up was business opportunism along with a personal goal of greater independence at the workplace.  Education serves as a fundamental determinant of female entrepreneurship. Este artículo describe las características y determinantes de mujeres empresarias en Puerto Rico para el 2007. El estudio utiliza los datos de la Encuesta de la Población Adulta del Proyecto de Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM, por sus siglas en inglés. Se encontró que las mujeres empresarias en Puerto Rico tienden a ser dueñas únicas de sus negocios, tienen muchos competidores locales, y usualmente no exportan sus bienes o servicios fuera de la Isla. La motivación primaria para empezar el negocio fue tener una oportunidad de negocio junto a una meta personal de mayor independencia en el lugar de trabajo. La educación es un determinante fundamental de ser empresaria en Puerto Rico.

A Systematic Approach to Process Evaluation in the Central Oklahoma Turning Point (COTP) Partnership

Science.gov (United States)

Tolma, Eleni L.; Cheney, Marshall K.; Chrislip, David D.; Blankenship, Derek; Troup, Pam; Hann, Neil

2011-01-01

Formation is an important stage of partnership development. Purpose: To describe the systematic approach to process evaluation of a Turning Point initiative in central Oklahoma during the formation stage. The nine-month collaborative effort aimed to develop an action plan to promote health. Methods: A sound planning framework was used in the…

Developing a Business Intelligence Process for a Training Module in SharePoint 2010

Science.gov (United States)

Schmidtchen, Bryce; Solano, Wanda M.; Albasini, Colby

2015-01-01

Prior to this project, training information for the employees of the National Center for Critical Processing and Storage (NCCIPS) was stored in an array of unrelated spreadsheets and SharePoint lists that had to be manually updated. By developing a content management system through a web application platform named SharePoint, this training system is now highly automated and provides a much less intensive method of storing training data and scheduling training courses. This system was developed by using SharePoint Designer and laying out the data structure for the interaction between different lists of data about the employees. The automation of data population inside of the lists was accomplished by implementing SharePoint workflows which essentially lay out the logic for how data is connected and calculated between certain lists. The resulting training system is constructed from a combination of five lists of data with a single list acting as the user-friendly interface. This interface is populated with the courses required for each employee and includes past and future information about course requirements. The employees of NCCIPS now have the ability to view, log, and schedule their training information and courses with much more ease. This system will relieve a significant amount of manual input and serve as a powerful informational resource for the employees of NCCIPS in the future.

Socioeconomic determinants of cervical cancer screening in Latin America Determinantes socioeconómicos de las pruebas de detección sistemática del cáncer cervicouterino en América Latina

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Samir Soneji

2013-03-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of health care access and socioeconomic determinants on Pap smear screening in Latin America. METHODS: Individual-level data was collected from the Demographic and Health Surveys in Bolivia, Brazil, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Peru, and Trinidad and Tobago between 1987 and 2008. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify socioeconomic and health care determinants of two outcomes: knowledge of Pap smears and recent Pap smear screening. RESULTS: In all countries, the proportion of women with a recent Pap smear screening remained below 55%. Key determinants of knowledge of Pap smears were age, education, and recent doctor's visit. For recent Pap smear screening, key determinants were wealth and recent doctor's visit. Women were between 1.47 and 3.44 times more likely to have received a recent Pap smear if they had a recent doctor's visit. Even the poorest women with a recent doctor's visit were more likely to screen than the richest women without a recent visit. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that visiting a doctor is an important determinant of cervical cancer screening in Latin America. Because screening may coincide with other medical visits, physicians could effectively encourage screening.OBJETIVO: Evaluar las repercusiones del acceso a la atención de salud y de los determinantes socioeconómicos sobre la detección sistemática del cáncer cervicouterino con la prueba de Papanicolaou en América Latina. MÉTODOS: Se recopilaron datos individuales a partir de Encuestas de Demografía y Salud realizadas en Bolivia, Brasil, Ecuador, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Perú, República Dominicana y Trinidad y Tobago entre 1987 y 2008. Se utilizaron análisis de regresión logística con múltiples variables para identificar los determinantes socioeconómicos y de atención de salud de dos resultados: el conocimiento de la existencia de la prueba de Papanicolaou y el tamizaje

Process for quality assurance of welded joints for electrical resistance point welding

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schaefer, R.; Singh, S.

1977-01-01

In order to guarantee the reproducibility of welded joints of even quality (above all in the metal working industry), it is proposed that before starting resistance point welding, a preheating current should be allowed to flow at the site of the weld. A given reduction of the total resistance at the site of the weld should effect the time when the preheating current is switched over to welding current. This value is always predetermined empirically. Further possibilities of controlling the welding process are described, where the measurement of thermal expansion of the parts is used. A standard welding time is given. The rated course of electrode movement during the process can be predicted and a running comparison of nominal and actual values can be carried out. (RW) [de

Determinantes de la deserción estudiantil universitaria por niveles de formación en instituciones de educación superior de la ciudad de Medellín

OpenAIRE

Aleans Otero, Karina

2012-01-01

Uno de los principales problemas en Educación Superior es la deserción estudiantil, pues un aumento en el abandono escolar impacta negativamente la finalidad formativa de las Instituciones de Educación Superior –IES–, el proyecto educativo de los jóvenes que deciden no finalizar el programa académico y el progreso social, económico y científico del país, que son determinantes para el crecimiento de la nación.

Multiplicative point process as a model of trading activity

Science.gov (United States)

Gontis, V.; Kaulakys, B.

2004-11-01

Signals consisting of a sequence of pulses show that inherent origin of the 1/ f noise is a Brownian fluctuation of the average interevent time between subsequent pulses of the pulse sequence. In this paper, we generalize the model of interevent time to reproduce a variety of self-affine time series exhibiting power spectral density S( f) scaling as a power of the frequency f. Furthermore, we analyze the relation between the power-law correlations and the origin of the power-law probability distribution of the signal intensity. We introduce a stochastic multiplicative model for the time intervals between point events and analyze the statistical properties of the signal analytically and numerically. Such model system exhibits power-law spectral density S( f)∼1/ fβ for various values of β, including β= {1}/{2}, 1 and {3}/{2}. Explicit expressions for the power spectra in the low-frequency limit and for the distribution density of the interevent time are obtained. The counting statistics of the events is analyzed analytically and numerically, as well. The specific interest of our analysis is related with the financial markets, where long-range correlations of price fluctuations largely depend on the number of transactions. We analyze the spectral density and counting statistics of the number of transactions. The model reproduces spectral properties of the real markets and explains the mechanism of power-law distribution of trading activity. The study provides evidence that the statistical properties of the financial markets are enclosed in the statistics of the time interval between trades. A multiplicative point process serves as a consistent model generating this statistics.

The Impact of the Delivery of Prepared Power Point Presentations on the Learning Process

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Auksė Marmienė

2011-04-01

Full Text Available This article describes the process of the preparation and delivery of Power Point presentations and how it can be used by teachers as a resource for classroom teaching. The advantages of this classroom activity covering some of the problems and providing a few suggestions for dealing with those difficulties are also outlined. The major objective of the present paper is to investigate the students ability to choose the material and the content of Power Point presentations on professional topics via the Internet as well as the ability to prepare and deliver the presentation in front of the audience. The factors which determine the choice of the presentation subject are also analysed in this paper. After the delivery students were requested to self- and peer-assess the difficulties they faced in preparation and performance of the presentations by writing the reports. Learners’ attitudes to the choice of the topic of Power Point presentations were surveyed by administering a self-assessment questionnaire.

Determinantes da satisfação e atributos da qualidade em serviços de hotelaria Satisfaction determinants and quality attributes in hotel services

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gabriela Musse Branco

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta a identificação de atributos de qualidade percebida e a construção de um modelo de associação entre os determinantes da satisfação de clientes para serviços de hotelaria. A pesquisa foi realizada através de um levantamento (survey conduzido junto a 100 clientes do serviço em estudo. A principal contribuição deste trabalho é a proposição de um modelo que detalha a força do relacionamento entre os determinantes da satisfação dos clientes e a hierarquização dos atributos que exercem maior influência sobre a qualidade percebida para serviços de hotelaria. Os resultados obtidos podem ser utilizados pelos gestores de hotéis para melhorar a satisfação dos clientes, contribuindo para o crescimento da organização. O trabalho desenvolvido complementa estudos realizados na área de qualidade e satisfação de clientes nos serviços de hotelaria.This paper addresses the identification of quality attributes and the construction of a model to describe the relationship among satisfaction determinants for hotel services. The research was conducted surveying 100 clients of the service under focus. The principal contribution of this study concerns the proposal of a model which details the strength of the relationship among satisfaction determinants and ranks the attributes that influence customer-perceived quality in hotel services. Results can be used by hotel managers to achieve customer satisfaction and improve the company's income. This research complements other studies on quality and customer satisfaction in hotel services.

Fatores determinantes da estrutura de capital das maiores empresas que atuam no Brasil Determinant factors of capital structure for the largest companies active in Brazil

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Giovani Antonio Silva Brito

2007-04-01

Full Text Available Estrutura de capital é um tema ainda controverso em teoria de finanças. Desde a discussão entre a teoria tradicional, que defende a existência de uma estrutura de capital ótima que leva à maximização do valor da empresa, e a proposta por Modigliani e Miller (1958, que considera que o valor da empresa não é afetado pela forma como ela é financiada, diversos estudos empíricos têm sido realizados com o objetivo de identificar os fatores que explicam a forma como as empresas se financiam. Esta pesquisa analisa a estrutura de capital das maiores empresas que atuam no Brasil, investigando a relação entre o nível de endividamento e os fatores apontados pela teoria como seu determinante. O estudo é baseado em dados contábeis extraídos das demonstrações financeiras de empresas de capital aberto e de empresas de capital fechado. A técnica estatística utilizada no estudo é a regressão linear múltipla. Os resultados indicam que os fatores risco, tamanho, composição dos ativos e crescimento são determinantes da estrutura de capital das empresas, enquanto que o fator rentabilidade não é determinante. Os resultados, também, mostram que o nível de endividamento da empresa não é afetado pelo fato de ela ser de capital aberto ou de capital fechado.Capital structure is still a still controversial issue in finance theory. Since the discussion between traditional theory, which asserts the existence of an optimal capital structure that maximizes the firm’s value, and Modigliani and Miller’s theory (1958, which considers that the value of a firm is unaffected by how it is financed, many empirical studies have been carried out to identify the factors that explain how a firm finances itself. This research analyses the capital structure of the largest firms in Brazil and investigates the relationship between the leverage ratio and the factors indicated by theory as determinant. The study is based on accounting data extracted from

Determinantes da satisfação e atributos da qualidade em serviços bancários Satisfaction determinants and quality attributes in bank services

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José Luis Duarte Ribeiro

2010-12-01

Full Text Available A qualidade percebida e a satisfação dos clientes são elementos essenciais para a competitividade das instituições bancárias. Assim, é importante identificar os fatores que determinam a percepção de qualidade e satisfação do ponto de vista dos clientes que utilizam esse tipo de serviço. O objetivo deste artigo é a construção de um modelo de relacionamento entre os determinantes de satisfação de clientes e a identificação dos principais atributos que afetam a qualidade percebida dos clientes de serviços bancários. Para isto, foram aplicadas duas pesquisas descritivas. Na primeira fase das pesquisas, utilizou-se a abordagem proposta por Tinoco e Ribeiro (2007 para identificar as relações entre determinantes e construir o modelo de satisfação de clientes. Na segunda fase, foram levantados e hierarquizados os principais atributos de qualidade percebida do ponto de vista dos clientes. Entre os resultados obtidos destacam-se como principais determinantes da satisfação de clientes a confirmação de expectativas e a qualidade percebida. Entre atributos mais importantes que afetam a qualidade percebida podem ser citados: funcionários com conhecimento e habilidade devidos, serviço feito corretamente na primeira vez, tarifas bancárias baratas, transparência e lealdade nas negociações, e presença de funcionários que buscam tornar o serviço mais ágil.Perceived quality and customer satisfaction are essential elements for competitiveness of banking institutions. Therefore, it is important to identify customers' view of banks about drivers of quality perception and satisfaction. This paper presents a relationship model of determinant factors of satisfaction and the identification of key quality attributes for bank services. The model was built conducting two customer surveys. Firstly, the approach proposed by Tinoco and Ribeiro(2007 was applied to identify the relationship among the determinants and to build a satisfaction

Analysis of the stochastic channel model by Saleh & Valenzuela via the theory of point processes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jakobsen, Morten Lomholt; Pedersen, Troels; Fleury, Bernard Henri

2012-01-01

and underlying features, like the intensity function of the component delays and the delaypower intensity. The flexibility and clarity of the mathematical instruments utilized to obtain these results lead us to conjecture that the theory of spatial point processes provides a unifying mathematical framework...

Implementation of 5S tools as a starting point in business process reengineering

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vorkapić Miloš 0000-0002-3463-8665

2017-01-01

Full Text Available The paper deals with the analysis of elements which represent a starting point in implementation of a business process reengineering. We have used Lean tools through the analysis of 5S model in our research. On the example of finalization of the finished transmitter in IHMT-CMT production, 5S tools were implemented with a focus on Quality elements although the theory shows that BPR and TQM are two opposite activities in an enterprise. We wanted to distinguish the significance of employees’ self-discipline which helps the process of product finalization to develop in time and without waste and losses. In addition, the employees keep their work place clean, tidy and functional.

La recaudación del impuesto predial en México: un análisis de sus determinantes económicos en el período 1969-2010

OpenAIRE

Mónica Unda Gutiérrez; Carlos Moreno Jaimes

2015-01-01

Este artículo analiza cuáles han sido los factores que explican las diferencias en la recaudación deI impuesto predial en México entre los estados de la federación durante eI período 1969-2010. Nos enfocamos en algunas variables sugeridas por la literatura como determinantes dei desempeno recaudatorio, haciendo particular énfasis en la hipótesis de los recursos alternos según la cual los gobiernos enfrentan un desincentivo a recaudar cuando tienen acceso a recursos de otras fuentes menos cost...

The signer and the sign: cortical correlates of person identity and language processing from point-light displays.

Science.gov (United States)

Campbell, Ruth; Capek, Cheryl M; Gazarian, Karine; MacSweeney, Mairéad; Woll, Bencie; David, Anthony S; McGuire, Philip K; Brammer, Michael J

2011-09-01

In this study, the first to explore the cortical correlates of signed language (SL) processing under point-light display conditions, the observer identified either a signer or a lexical sign from a display in which different signers were seen producing a number of different individual signs. Many of the regions activated by point-light under these conditions replicated those previously reported for full-image displays, including regions within the inferior temporal cortex that are specialised for face and body-part identification, although such body parts were invisible in the display. Right frontal regions were also recruited - a pattern not usually seen in full-image SL processing. This activation may reflect the recruitment of information about person identity from the reduced display. A direct comparison of identify-signer and identify-sign conditions showed these tasks relied to a different extent on the posterior inferior regions. Signer identification elicited greater activation than sign identification in (bilateral) inferior temporal gyri (BA 37/19), fusiform gyri (BA 37), middle and posterior portions of the middle temporal gyri (BAs 37 and 19), and superior temporal gyri (BA 22 and 42). Right inferior frontal cortex was a further focus of differential activation (signer>sign). These findings suggest that the neural systems supporting point-light displays for the processing of SL rely on a cortical network including areas of the inferior temporal cortex specialized for face and body identification. While this might be predicted from other studies of whole body point-light actions (Vaina, Solomon, Chowdhury, Sinha, & Belliveau, 2001) it is not predicted from the perspective of spoken language processing, where voice characteristics and speech content recruit distinct cortical regions (Stevens, 2004) in addition to a common network. In this respect, our findings contrast with studies of voice/speech recognition (Von Kriegstein, Kleinschmidt, Sterzer

Citizen perception about the education in Colombia Determinantes sobre la percepción ciudadana de la educación en Colombia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elias Said-Hung

2012-11-01

Full Text Available This article presents the results of the Project “Analysis of the determinants of the citizens’ perception about education in Colombia” developed by Universidad del Norte from the National Survey of Citizens’ Perception developed by Educación Compromiso de Todos in 2010. The objective of this study is to analyze the main determinants influencing the citizens’ perception concerning education in Colombia. This work starts with an inferential analysis where a better valuation of education in Colombia was evidenced when there is satisfaction with the administration of schools, teachers’ updating, school infrastructure, school food service, the right to education, investment capacity and local management in education, the usefulness of academic tests and when there is a good perception of de socio-economical situation of the country.El presente artículo expone los resultados del proyecto ¨Análisis de los determinantes de la percepción ciudadana sobre la Educación en Colombia¨, realizado desde la Universidad del Norte, a partir de la Encuesta Nacional de Percepción Ciudadana realizada por Educación Compromiso de Todos en 2010. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar los principales determinantes que inciden en la percepción ciudadana en materia educativa en Colombia. El trabajo parte de un análisis inferencial, en el que se apreció una mejor valoración de la educación en Colombia cuando existe satisfacción en: la administración de los colegios; la actualización de los profesores; la dotación escolar; el servicio de alimentación escolar; el derecho a la educación; la capacidad de inversión y de gestión local en materia educativa; la utilidad de las pruebas académicas; y cuando se tiene una posición favorable sobre la situación socio-económica del país. 

Universality Conjecture and Results for a Model of Several Coupled Positive-Definite Matrices

Science.gov (United States)

Bertola, Marco; Bothner, Thomas

2015-08-01

The paper contains two main parts: in the first part, we analyze the general case of matrices coupled in a chain subject to Cauchy interaction. Similarly to the Itzykson-Zuber interaction model, the eigenvalues of the Cauchy chain form a multi level determinantal point process. We first compute all correlations functions in terms of Cauchy biorthogonal polynomials and locate them as specific entries of a matrix valued solution of a Riemann-Hilbert problem. In the second part, we fix the external potentials as classical Laguerre weights. We then derive strong asymptotics for the Cauchy biorthogonal polynomials when the support of the equilibrium measures contains the origin. As a result, we obtain a new family of universality classes for multi-level random determinantal point fields, which include the Bessel universality for 1-level and the Meijer-G universality for 2-level. Our analysis uses the Deift-Zhou nonlinear steepest descent method and the explicit construction of a origin parametrix in terms of Meijer G-functions. The solution of the full Riemann-Hilbert problem is derived rigorously only for p = 3 but the general framework of the proof can be extended to the Cauchy chain of arbitrary length p.

Estrategias de designación y denominación de Sarmiento como "contrafigura" en las Cartas Quillotanas, de Alberdi: acerca de las frases nominales con determinante posesivo

OpenAIRE

Pérez De Stefano, Laura

2012-01-01

Esta comunicación tiene como propósito analizar la función de las frases nominales con determinante posesivo en la cadena de designación y denominación empleada por Alberdi en sus Cartas quillotanas para modelar el sujeto Sarmiento, como “contrafigura”. En el universo textual/ discursivo, esta cadena es instalada por sintagmas nominales definidos, dispositivos altamente productivos en el corpus en tanto que funcionan como expresiones referenciales, codifican información conceptual que, con su...

Determinantes del crecimiento de la productividad regional del trabajo: un estudio para la hostelería en España

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bienvenido Ortega Aguaza

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo trata de analizar los determinantes del crecimiento de la productividad del trabajo en la hostelería en España utilizando datos regionales para el periodo 1996-2004. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que el aumento en el número de hoteles de tres estrellas y la reducción en el stock de capital físico por trabajador han afectado negativamente al crecimiento de la productividad. Por otra parte, el aumento en la intensidad del turismo tiene un impacto positivo sobre el crecimiento de esta variable. Sin embargo, los cambios en la duración media de la estancia de los clientes en los hoteles y la estacionalidad de la demanda no han tenido un impacto significativo en el crecimiento de la productividad del trabajo en el periodo.

Quantification of annual wildfire risk; A spatio-temporal point process approach.

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Paula Pereira

2013-10-01

Full Text Available Policy responses for local and global firemanagement depend heavily on the proper understanding of the fire extent as well as its spatio-temporal variation across any given study area. Annual fire risk maps are important tools for such policy responses, supporting strategic decisions such as location-allocation of equipment and human resources. Here, we define risk of fire in the narrow sense as the probability of its occurrence without addressing the loss component. In this paper, we study the spatio-temporal point patterns of wildfires and model them by a log Gaussian Cox processes. Themean of predictive distribution of randomintensity function is used in the narrow sense, as the annual fire risk map for next year.

Point process modeling and estimation: Advances in the analysis of dynamic neural spiking data

Science.gov (United States)

Deng, Xinyi

2016-08-01

A common interest of scientists in many fields is to understand the relationship between the dynamics of a physical system and the occurrences of discrete events within such physical system. Seismologists study the connection between mechanical vibrations of the Earth and the occurrences of earthquakes so that future earthquakes can be better predicted. Astrophysicists study the association between the oscillating energy of celestial regions and the emission of photons to learn the Universe's various objects and their interactions. Neuroscientists study the link between behavior and the millisecond-timescale spike patterns of neurons to understand higher brain functions. Such relationships can often be formulated within the framework of state-space models with point process observations. The basic idea is that the dynamics of the physical systems are driven by the dynamics of some stochastic state variables and the discrete events we observe in an interval are noisy observations with distributions determined by the state variables. This thesis proposes several new methodological developments that advance the framework of state-space models with point process observations at the intersection of statistics and neuroscience. In particular, we develop new methods 1) to characterize the rhythmic spiking activity using history-dependent structure, 2) to model population spike activity using marked point process models, 3) to allow for real-time decision making, and 4) to take into account the need for dimensionality reduction for high-dimensional state and observation processes. We applied these methods to a novel problem of tracking rhythmic dynamics in the spiking of neurons in the subthalamic nucleus of Parkinson's patients with the goal of optimizing placement of deep brain stimulation electrodes. We developed a decoding algorithm that can make decision in real-time (for example, to stimulate the neurons or not) based on various sources of information present in

Determinanter for produktinnovationssucces

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Harmsen, Hanne

1992-01-01

, which starts with a very informal structure and subsequently increases formalization, seems to favour success. In addition, the importance of independent, cross-functional project gro stressed. 8. Most of the results given are at a very general level, and a more differentiated view, taking into account...... over industries seems to be 35% for consumer products and 25% for industrial products. 4. The most important general determinants of success of a new product can be grouped as follows: characteristics of the market (e.g., intensity of competition, growth), company skills and resources, the product...... be reason to believe that both radical and incremental innovations fare well, whereas new products with a medium degree of innovativeness do less well. 7. The organization of the product development process in the firm is an important factor determining success of the product. A process in various steps...

Marked point process framework for living probabilistic safety assessment and risk follow-up

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arjas, Elja; Holmberg, Jan

1995-01-01

We construct a model for living probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) by applying the general framework of marked point processes. The framework provides a theoretically rigorous approach for considering risk follow-up of posterior hazards. In risk follow-up, the hazard of core damage is evaluated synthetically at time points in the past, by using some observed events as logged history and combining it with re-evaluated potential hazards. There are several alternatives for doing this, of which we consider three here, calling them initiating event approach, hazard rate approach, and safety system approach. In addition, for a comparison, we consider a core damage hazard arising in risk monitoring. Each of these four definitions draws attention to a particular aspect in risk assessment, and this is reflected in the behaviour of the consequent risk importance measures. Several alternative measures are again considered. The concepts and definitions are illustrated by a numerical example

Quality control for electron beam processing of polymeric materials by end-point analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

DeGraff, E.; McLaughlin, W.L.

1981-01-01

Properties of certain plastics, e.g. polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, can be modified selectively by ionizing radiation. One of the advantages of this treatment over chemical methods is better control of the process and the end-product properties. The most convenient method of dosimetry for monitoring quality control is post-irradiation evaluation of the plastic itself, e.g., melt index and melt point determination. It is shown that by proper calibration in terms of total dose and sufficiently reproducible radiation effects, such product test methods provide convenient and meaningful analyses. Other appropriate standardized analytical methods include stress-crack resistance, stress-strain-to-fracture testing and solubility determination. Standard routine dosimetry over the dose and dose rate ranges of interest confirm that measured product end points can be correlated with calibrated values of absorbed dose in the product within uncertainty limits of the measurements. (author)

Las capacidades de investigación en Determinantes Sociales de la Salud de grupos registrados en Colciencias, Colombia (2012-2014

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Carolina Morales-Borrero

2016-02-01

Full Text Available Resumen Objetivo: actualizar la información obtenida del estudio “Las capacidades de investigación en Determinantes Sociales de la Salud de grupos registrados en Colciencias, Colombia (2005-2012” tomando como fuente de estudio la información registrada en la plataforma Scienti de Colciencias en el periodo comprendido 2013 y 2014 y aportes de líderes de grupos de investigación. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo apoyado en información registrada en la base de datos de Colciencias, sobre los grupos de investigación y la producción científica en determinantes sociales de la salud, “DSS”. Se revisó el contexto histórico y político que atraviesa la producción científica nacional en salud con el fin de identificar las razones por las cuales las capacidades de investigación en DSS se debilitan. Resultados: De los 65 grupos existentes con registro en el Programa de Ciencias de la Salud de Colciencias para el año 2012, 3 de ellos (4,61% ya no se encuentran vinculados a Colciencias. La producción de los grupos restantes en artículo científico logró 17 productos entre 2013-2014, 11 de estos, (64,7% en idioma español y sólo 6 en inglés (35,3%. En general los grupos continúan privilegiando los estudios sobre Determinantes Sociales de la Salud, Sistemas de Salud y Atención Primaria en Salud, con énfasis en desigualdades en salud, estrés y cáncer. Ha surgido el estudio del agua como un tema esencial entre los grupos de salud, y se ha continuado el desarrollo de proyectos en red de carácter nacional. Conclusiones: Predominan los estudios realizados bajo el enfoque propuesto por la Comisión de Determinantes Sociales de la Salud en 2005. Los criterios para la distribución de recursos para investigar privilegian los grupos reconocidos por Colciencias y con larga trayectoria, lo cual fortalece solo una parte de la investigación pues al mismo tiempo se generan desigualdades entre los grupos por

Análise dos determinantes de práticas ambientais em duas unidades de uma empresa metalúrgica no Norte e Nordeste do Brasil [doi: 10.5329/RECADM.20121101005

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Anne Karolinne Nunes Pinheiro

2012-05-01

Full Text Available RESUMO A emergência da questão ambiental causou rupturas nas formas de pensar, agir e expressar da sociedade e organizações. Desde a sua emergência no final dos anos 1960, a percepção da questão ambiental tem evoluído de tal forma atingindo, nos últimos anos do século XX, uma etapa de maior profissionalização caracterizada não apenas no maior aprofundamento teórico por parte dos acadêmicos, mas também através da sua incorporação dentro das instituições e organizações da sociedade ocidental, colocando-a definitivamente no centro do debate sobre desenvolvimento. Frente a diversos estudos recentes sobre os determinantes da gestão ambiental (Maimon,1994; Ferraz e Mota,2002; Masullo e Lemme, 2005a, 2005b, Newman & Breeden,1992; González-Benito & González-Benito, 2006, 2008; Azzoni & Bertelè, 1994, este estudo busca através da focalização em um empresa (corporação caracterizar a gestão ambiental nas diferentes unidades e  identificar diferentes determinantes para o desenvolvimento de práticas ambientais. A pesquisa foi de caráter exploratório qualitativa entre duas unidades, uma do ramo metalúrgico e outra siderúrgica, uma num estado do nordeste e outra num estado Amazônico, pertencentes ao mesmo grupo econômico industrial. Observou-se forte relevância dos fatores externos como determinantes para o engajamento ambiental das organizações, em especial o setor industrial que participa e a localização geográfica de sua planta produtiva.   Palavras-Chave Gestão Ambiental Organizacional, Determinantes, Práticas Ambientais, Setor Metalúrgico, Setor Siderúrgico.     ABSTRACT The emergence of environmental issues has caused ruptures in the ways of thinking, acting and voice in society and organizations. Since its emergence in the late 1960s, awareness of environmental issues has evolved so reaching in recent years of the twentieth century, one step further professionalisation characterized not only in

Análise de falha relativa à explosão de reservatório de água aquecida - termodinâmica e sucessão de fatores determinantes

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Rogerio de Medeiros Tocantins

2014-08-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho aborda um evento de explosão de um reservatório de água aquecida empregado nas atividades de um estabelecimento hoteleiro, classificado pela norma regulamentadora brasileira (NR-13 como vaso de pressão. Reservatórios do gênero são amplamente empregados em instalações de clubes, hotéis, hospitais e edificações prediais diversas. Tais reservatórios tornam-se equipamentos de altíssimo risco, caso não sejam observadas determinadas normas de projeto, fabricação, instalação e, principalmente, de operação e manutenção, devido ao elevado potencial de danos materiais, lesões corporais e vítimas fatais em casos de explosão. Assim sendo este trabalho tem como objetivo precípuo determinar as causas determinantes da explosão. Baseando-se na estimativa dos esforços envolvidos, em exames metalográficos, na análise termodinâmica e na análise dos vestígios oriundos da explosão, verificou-se uma confluência de fatores que, combinados, foram determinantes para a ocorrência do sinistro. O trabalho também ressalta a necessidade de maior rigor na fiscalização por parte órgãos competentes a fim de garantir o cumprimento da norma regulamentadora deste tipo de equipamento e prevenir sinistros futuros.

Comparison of plastic strains on AA5052 by single point incremental forming process using digital image processing

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mugendiran, V.; Gnanavelbabu, A.

2017-01-01

In this study, a surface based strain measurement was used to determine the formability of the sheet metal. A strain measurement may employ manual calculation of plastic strains based on the reference circle and the deformed circle. The manual calculation method has a greater margin of error in the practical applications. In this paper, an attempt has been made to compare the formability by implementing three different theoretical approaches: Namely conventional method, least square method and digital based strain measurements. As the sheet metal was formed by a single point incremental process the etched circles get deformed into elliptical shapes approximately, image acquisition has been done before and after forming. The plastic strains of the deformed circle grids are calculated based on the non- deformed reference. The coordinates of the deformed circles are measured by various image processing steps. Finally the strains obtained from the deformed circle are used to plot the forming limit diagram. To evaluate the accuracy of the system, the conventional, least square and digital based method of prediction of the forming limit diagram was compared. Conventional method and least square method have marginal error when compared with digital based processing method. Measurement of strain based on image processing agrees well and can be used to improve the accuracy and to reduce the measurement error in prediction of forming limit diagram.

Comparison of plastic strains on AA5052 by single point incremental forming process using digital image processing

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mugendiran, V.; Gnanavelbabu, A. [Anna University, Chennai, Tamilnadu (India)

2017-06-15

In this study, a surface based strain measurement was used to determine the formability of the sheet metal. A strain measurement may employ manual calculation of plastic strains based on the reference circle and the deformed circle. The manual calculation method has a greater margin of error in the practical applications. In this paper, an attempt has been made to compare the formability by implementing three different theoretical approaches: Namely conventional method, least square method and digital based strain measurements. As the sheet metal was formed by a single point incremental process the etched circles get deformed into elliptical shapes approximately, image acquisition has been done before and after forming. The plastic strains of the deformed circle grids are calculated based on the non- deformed reference. The coordinates of the deformed circles are measured by various image processing steps. Finally the strains obtained from the deformed circle are used to plot the forming limit diagram. To evaluate the accuracy of the system, the conventional, least square and digital based method of prediction of the forming limit diagram was compared. Conventional method and least square method have marginal error when compared with digital based processing method. Measurement of strain based on image processing agrees well and can be used to improve the accuracy and to reduce the measurement error in prediction of forming limit diagram.

Determinantes dos Honorários de Auditoria: um Estudo nas Empresas Listadas na BM&FBOVESPA, Brasil

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Walther Bottaro de Lima Castro

2015-12-01

Full Text Available RESUMO Este trabalho analisa os determinantes dos honorários de auditoria pagos por empresas listadas na BM&FBOVESPA. Os dados referentes às empresas listadas para 2012 mostram relação positiva entre honorários com as variáveis porte, complexidade do cliente e auditores Big N. O risco percebido pelo auditor demonstrou afetar os valores dos honorários de forma diferente nos clientes de maior e menor porte. Nos de menor porte, os resultados sugerem que o auditor cobre menores honorários de clientes mais alavancados e com maior risco, contrariando a hipótese de que o auditor cobraria maiores honorários como prêmio pelo risco assumido. Já nos de maior porte, os resultados demonstram que clientes com maior risco, medido pela liquidez e alavancagem, ou com maiores práticas de governança, tendem a gastar mais com auditoria. Quanto à troca do auditor, os resultados apontaram que clientes maiores pagam menos no primeiro ano de auditoria. Esses resultados qualificam os achados de Hallak e Silva (2012, sugerindo a necessidade de novas pesquisas com bases temporalmente mais extensas.

On the stability and dynamics of stochastic spiking neuron models: Nonlinear Hawkes process and point process GLMs.

Science.gov (United States)

Gerhard, Felipe; Deger, Moritz; Truccolo, Wilson

2017-02-01

Point process generalized linear models (PP-GLMs) provide an important statistical framework for modeling spiking activity in single-neurons and neuronal networks. Stochastic stability is essential when sampling from these models, as done in computational neuroscience to analyze statistical properties of neuronal dynamics and in neuro-engineering to implement closed-loop applications. Here we show, however, that despite passing common goodness-of-fit tests, PP-GLMs estimated from data are often unstable, leading to divergent firing rates. The inclusion of absolute refractory periods is not a satisfactory solution since the activity then typically settles into unphysiological rates. To address these issues, we derive a framework for determining the existence and stability of fixed points of the expected conditional intensity function (CIF) for general PP-GLMs. Specifically, in nonlinear Hawkes PP-GLMs, the CIF is expressed as a function of the previous spike history and exogenous inputs. We use a mean-field quasi-renewal (QR) approximation that decomposes spike history effects into the contribution of the last spike and an average of the CIF over all spike histories prior to the last spike. Fixed points for stationary rates are derived as self-consistent solutions of integral equations. Bifurcation analysis and the number of fixed points predict that the original models can show stable, divergent, and metastable (fragile) dynamics. For fragile models, fluctuations of the single-neuron dynamics predict expected divergence times after which rates approach unphysiologically high values. This metric can be used to estimate the probability of rates to remain physiological for given time periods, e.g., for simulation purposes. We demonstrate the use of the stability framework using simulated single-neuron examples and neurophysiological recordings. Finally, we show how to adapt PP-GLM estimation procedures to guarantee model stability. Overall, our results provide a

Determinantes del trabajo infantil y la escolaridad: el caso del Valle del Cauca en Colombia

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Sebastián Urueña Abadía

2009-10-01

Full Text Available Colombia, al igual que la mayoría de países latinoamericanos, consciente de las repercusiones sociales y económicas negativas del trabajo infantil, se ha comprometido en la lucha por la erradicación de este fenómeno. Prueba de ello es la ratificación por parte del gobierno colombiano en el año 2007, del Convenio 182 de la OIT sobre la Prohibición de las Peores Formas de Trabajo Infantil y la Acción Inmediata para su Eliminación. En el plano regional, como parte del Plan de Desarrollo del Departamento del Valle del Cauca 2008-2011, se está implementando actualmente una estrategia territorial de erradicación del trabajo infantil en sus 42 municipios. Considerando este panorama, este trabajo indaga cuáles son los determinantes del trabajo infantil y la escolaridad en el departamento del Valle a partir de los datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Calidad de Vida del año 2003. Para el análisis se emplea un modelo econométrico Probit Bivariado, que permite el estudio conjunto e interrelacionado de decisiones diferentes, en este caso la asistencia escolar y el trabajo.

Relaciones entre los determinantes de la calidad de las universidades: un estudio exploratorio desde Chile

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Emilio Rodríguez Ponce

2013-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de la investigación es describir la relación entre la calidad de la docencia de pregrado, de la investigación, del postgrado, la vinculación con el medio, y la gestión institucional. Para este efecto, se trabaja con una muestra de 45 universidades chilenas, que han participado en los procesos de acreditación institucional dirigidos por la Comisión Nacional de Acreditación de Chile. Se dirigió un cuestionario con preguntas de tipo Likert con el fin de ser contestado por un miembro del equipo de gestión. La información obtenida fue procesada, en primera instancia por un análisis descriptivo de las variables y posteriormente se efectuó un análisis de correlaciones bivariadas de Pearson. Los resultados de la investigación sugieren que existe una correlación estadísticamente significativa y directa entre: docencia de pregrado, investigación, postgrado y gestión institucional. Se concluye que estos cuatro determinantes de la calidad están directa y significativamente relacionados entre sí. La vinculación con el medio se relaciona de manera significativa e inversa con la investigación.

Protesto político na América Latina: tendências recentes e determinantes individuais

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Ednaldo Ribeiro

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Estudos recentes têm identificado redução do envolvimento dos cidadãos em formas tradicionais de participação, predominantemente relacionadas aos processos eleitorais e às instituições formais de representação, e ampliação do engajamento em modalidades de ação relacionadas ao protesto político. Diferentes fatores têm sido apontados como impulsionadores dessa contestação, alguns de ordem individual ou microssocial, como sentimentos, atitudes e valores. Focalizando o caso latino-americano, apresentamos neste artigo uma análise sobre a evolução de alguns indicadores de envolvimento nessas formas de ação ao longo de uma década. Adicionalmente, buscamos verificar quais atributos individuais atuam como determinantes desses comportamentos. Para tanto utilizamos a série histórica de dados produzida pela organização Latinobarómetro (1995-2007. Os resultados indicam que, apesar da relevância do descontentamento e do contexto de instabilidade política e econômica da região, as variáveis explicativas fundamentais do ativismo de protesto são aquelas ligadas aos recursos individuais políticos e cognitivos.

Implementation of hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) in dried anchovy production process

Science.gov (United States)

Citraresmi, A. D. P.; Wahyuni, E. E.

2018-03-01

The aim of this study was to inspect the implementation of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) for identification and prevention of potential hazards in the production process of dried anchovy at PT. Kelola Mina Laut (KML), Lobuk unit, Sumenep. Cold storage process is needed in each anchovy processing step in order to maintain its physical and chemical condition. In addition, the implementation of quality assurance system should be undertaken to maintain product quality. The research was conducted using a survey method, by following the whole process of making anchovy from the receiving raw materials to the packaging of final product. The method of data analysis used was descriptive analysis method. Implementation of HACCP at PT. KML, Lobuk unit, Sumenep was conducted by applying Pre Requisite Programs (PRP) and preparation stage consisting of 5 initial stages and 7 principles of HACCP. The results showed that CCP was found in boiling process flow with significant hazard of Listeria monocytogenesis bacteria and final sorting process with significant hazard of foreign material contamination in the product. Actions taken were controlling boiling temperature of 100 – 105°C for 3 - 5 minutes and training for sorting process employees.

The effect of starting point placement technique on thoracic transverse process strength: an ex vivo biomechanical study

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Burton Douglas C

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background The use of thoracic pedicle screws in spinal deformity, trauma, and tumor reconstruction is becoming more common. Unsuccessful screw placement may require salvage techniques utilizing transverse process hooks. The effect of different starting point placement techniques on the strength of the transverse process has not previously been reported. The purpose of this paper is to determine the biomechanical properties of the thoracic transverse process following various pedicle screw starting point placement techniques. Methods Forty-seven fresh-frozen human cadaveric thoracic vertebrae from T2 to T9 were disarticulated and matched by bone mineral density (BMD and transverse process (TP cross-sectional area. Specimens were randomized to one of four groups: A, control, and three others based on thoracic pedicle screw placement technique; B, straightforward; C, funnel; and D, in-out-in. Initial cortical bone removal for pedicle screw placement was made using a burr at the location on the transverse process or transverse process-laminar junction as published in the original description of each technique. The transverse process was tested measuring load-to-failure simulating a hook in compression mode. Analysis of covariance and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to examine the data. Results Technique was a significant predictor of load-to-failure (P = 0.0007. The least squares mean (LS mean load-to-failure of group A (control was 377 N, group B (straightforward 355 N, group C (funnel 229 N, and group D (in-out-in 301 N. Significant differences were noted between groups A and C, A and D, B and C, and C and D. BMD (0.925 g/cm2 [range, 0.624-1.301 g/cm2] was also a significant predictor of load-to-failure, for all specimens grouped together (P P 0.05. Level and side tested were not found to significantly correlate with load-to-failure. Conclusions The residual coronal plane compressive strength of the thoracic transverse process

Determinantes de la escolarización y participación económica de los adolescentes en Argentina (2004-2009

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Fernando GROISMAN

2012-01-01

Full Text Available En este documento se analiza los determinantes de la escolarización y de la participación económica de los adolescentes con edades entre 15 y 18 años en Argentina. Para ello se estimaron modelos de probabilidad de ecuaciones simultáneas -probit bivariados- para el período 2004- 2009 sobre datos provenientes de la Encuesta Permanente de Hogares (EPH-INDEC. Durante ese lapso se contrajo la participación laboral de los jóvenes aun cuando el abandono educativo no siguió el mismo comportamiento. Entre los resultados obtenidos destaca el efecto positivo que ejerció, tanto sobre la permanencia en el sistema educativo como en la inactividad económica de este grupo de población, el que el hogar contara con un integrante ocupado en un puesto de trabajo protegido.

UNA REVISIÓN DE LOS DETERMINANTES DE LA ESTRUCTURA Y EL RECAUDO TRIBUTARIO: EL CASO LATINOAMERICANO TRAS LA CRISIS DE LA DEUDA EXTERNA

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Víctor Mauricio Castañeda Rodríguez

2012-12-01

Full Text Available En este documento se analizan, desde la economía política, los determinantes que pueden explicar la dinámica de la estructura y el recaudo tributario, tomando como referencia el caso de América Latina y las reformas adoptadas parcialmente después de la crisis de la deuda externa para mostrar su pertinencia, dada la heterogeneidad que se encuentra al respecto entre países de la región. Finalmente, con el fin de constatar la importancia de los factores discutidos en términos cuantitativos, se presenta una revisión de trabajos empíricos, aunque concentrando la atención en aquellos que se ocupan de la estructura tributaria.

Detection of bursts in extracellular spike trains using hidden semi-Markov point process models.

Science.gov (United States)

Tokdar, Surya; Xi, Peiyi; Kelly, Ryan C; Kass, Robert E

2010-08-01

Neurons in vitro and in vivo have epochs of bursting or "up state" activity during which firing rates are dramatically elevated. Various methods of detecting bursts in extracellular spike trains have appeared in the literature, the most widely used apparently being Poisson Surprise (PS). A natural description of the phenomenon assumes (1) there are two hidden states, which we label "burst" and "non-burst," (2) the neuron evolves stochastically, switching at random between these two states, and (3) within each state the spike train follows a time-homogeneous point process. If in (2) the transitions from non-burst to burst and burst to non-burst states are memoryless, this becomes a hidden Markov model (HMM). For HMMs, the state transitions follow exponential distributions, and are highly irregular. Because observed bursting may in some cases be fairly regular-exhibiting inter-burst intervals with small variation-we relaxed this assumption. When more general probability distributions are used to describe the state transitions the two-state point process model becomes a hidden semi-Markov model (HSMM). We developed an efficient Bayesian computational scheme to fit HSMMs to spike train data. Numerical simulations indicate the method can perform well, sometimes yielding very different results than those based on PS.

Phase-equilibria for design of coal-gasification processes: dew points of hot gases containing condensible tars. Final report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Prausnitz, J.M.

1980-05-01

This research is concerned with the fundamental physical chemistry and thermodynamics of condensation of tars (dew points) from the vapor phase at advanced temperatures and pressures. Fundamental quantitative understanding of dew points is important for rational design of heat exchangers to recover sensible heat from hot, tar-containing gases that are produced in coal gasification. This report includes essentially six contributions toward establishing the desired understanding: (1) Characterization of Coal Tars for Dew-Point Calculations; (2) Fugacity Coefficients for Dew-Point Calculations in Coal-Gasification Process Design; (3) Vapor Pressures of High-Molecular-Weight Hydrocarbons; (4) Estimation of Vapor Pressures of High-Boiling Fractions in Liquefied Fossil Fuels Containing Heteroatoms Nitrogen or Sulfur; and (5) Vapor Pressures of Heavy Liquid Hydrocarbons by a Group-Contribution Method.

Analysis of residual stress state in sheet metal parts processed by single point incremental forming

Science.gov (United States)

Maaß, F.; Gies, S.; Dobecki, M.; Brömmelhoff, K.; Tekkaya, A. E.; Reimers, W.

2018-05-01

The mechanical properties of formed metal components are highly affected by the prevailing residual stress state. A selective induction of residual compressive stresses in the component, can improve the product properties such as the fatigue strength. By means of single point incremental forming (SPIF), the residual stress state can be influenced by adjusting the process parameters during the manufacturing process. To achieve a fundamental understanding of the residual stress formation caused by the SPIF process, a valid numerical process model is essential. Within the scope of this paper the significance of kinematic hardening effects on the determined residual stress state is presented based on numerical simulations. The effect of the unclamping step after the manufacturing process is also analyzed. An average deviation of the residual stress amplitudes in the clamped and unclamped condition of 18 % reveals, that the unclamping step needs to be considered to reach a high numerical prediction quality.

El impacto del desempleo sobre el consumo agregado: determinantes y mecanismos fundamentales que explican esta relación. una aplicación empírica para el caso ecuatoriano

OpenAIRE

Wasbrum Tinoco, Wendy Esthela; Intriago Ruiz, Xavier

2009-01-01

Dados los altos índices de desempleo que han venido repercutiendo la economía ecuatoriana con mayor intensidad los últimos 10 años, ya sea por la crisis financiera o por la falta de competitividad que genera mayor desempleo y pobreza Enmarcado este escenario, el análisis del impacto del Desempleo sobre el Consumo Agregado, sus determinantes en corto y largo plazo resulta un útil instrumento para determinar hasta que punto las variaciones del desempleo influyen en la situación económica ecu...

La repetición máxima en el ejercicio de sentadilla: procedimientos de medida y factores determinantes

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Inmaculada García Sánchez

2011-06-01

Full Text Available En la actualidad, investigadores y entrenadores utilizan la repetición máxima (1RM en el ejercicio de sentadilla como la medida más identificativa y representativa de la máxima fuerza muscular en el movimiento de extensión de cadera y rodilla. El presente trabajo de revisión tiene el propósito de describir los procedimientos utilizados en investigación para evaluar la 1RM en el ejercicio de sentadilla y analizar los factores determinantes de su rendimiento. Con muestras de sujetos entrenados, en la mayoría de estudios revisados se utilizan protocolos de medida muy similares. Además, la heterogeneidad de los resultados publicados en relación al rendimiento obtenido en la 1RM se debe fundamentalmente a diferencias relacionadas con la edad y sexo de los ejecutantes, la técnica de ejecución del ejercicio de sentadilla y/o el historial de entrenamiento de fuerza de la muestra seleccionada según práctica deportiva.

La señalización como determinante de la satisfacción del turista español en un territorio: el caso de Quintana Roo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rafael Fabricio Matos Cámara

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Se investiga la satisfacción experimentada por el turista que es determinada por las señales que los diferentes agentes en un territorio envían al mercado. Se utiliza el método de ecuaciones estructurales. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la reputación, el precio, la calidad percibida, los activos específicos y la preservación del medioambiente son determinantes de la satisfacción; al contrario que la publicidad, la cual no ha sido corroborada. Se comentan las implicaciones profesionales y se señalan algunas posibles líneas de investigación futura.

Some probabilistic properties of fractional point processes

KAUST Repository

Garra, Roberto

2017-05-16

In this article, the first hitting times of generalized Poisson processes N-f (t), related to Bernstein functions f are studied. For the spacefractional Poisson processes, N alpha (t), t > 0 ( corresponding to f = x alpha), the hitting probabilities P{T-k(alpha) < infinity} are explicitly obtained and analyzed. The processes N-f (t) are time-changed Poisson processes N( H-f (t)) with subordinators H-f (t) and here we study N(Sigma H-n(j= 1)f j (t)) and obtain probabilistic features of these extended counting processes. A section of the paper is devoted to processes of the form N( G(H,v) (t)) where G(H,v) (t) are generalized grey Brownian motions. This involves the theory of time-dependent fractional operators of the McBride form. While the time-fractional Poisson process is a renewal process, we prove that the space-time Poisson process is no longer a renewal process.

Calorimetry end-point predictions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fox, M.A.

1981-01-01

This paper describes a portion of the work presently in progress at Rocky Flats in the field of calorimetry. In particular, calorimetry end-point predictions are outlined. The problems associated with end-point predictions and the progress made in overcoming these obstacles are discussed. The two major problems, noise and an accurate description of the heat function, are dealt with to obtain the most accurate results. Data are taken from an actual calorimeter and are processed by means of three different noise reduction techniques. The processed data are then utilized by one to four algorithms, depending on the accuracy desired to determined the end-point

Factores determinantes en la elección de estudiar la carrera de Gestión de Recursos Humanos de la Universidad de San Martín de Porres

OpenAIRE

Lozano Cano, Eduardo Ernesto

2017-01-01

Identifica cuáles son los factores determinantes en la elección de estudiar la carrera de Gestión de Recursos Humanos en la Universidad de San Martín de Porres con el objeto de aplicar estrategias de marketing, puesto que la población estudiantil de la carrera de Gestión de Recursos Humanos es baja respecto a otras carreras de la misma facultad. Como metodología se aplicó la investigación cuantitativa, de nivel explicativo con predominio de descripción y explicación de eventos físicos y socia...

Free Fermions and the Classical Compact Groups

Science.gov (United States)

Cunden, Fabio Deelan; Mezzadri, Francesco; O'Connell, Neil

2018-06-01

There is a close connection between the ground state of non-interacting fermions in a box with classical (absorbing, reflecting, and periodic) boundary conditions and the eigenvalue statistics of the classical compact groups. The associated determinantal point processes can be extended in two natural directions: (i) we consider the full family of admissible quantum boundary conditions (i.e., self-adjoint extensions) for the Laplacian on a bounded interval, and the corresponding projection correlation kernels; (ii) we construct the grand canonical extensions at finite temperature of the projection kernels, interpolating from Poisson to random matrix eigenvalue statistics. The scaling limits in the bulk and at the edges are studied in a unified framework, and the question of universality is addressed. Whether the finite temperature determinantal processes correspond to the eigenvalue statistics of some matrix models is, a priori, not obvious. We complete the picture by constructing a finite temperature extension of the Haar measure on the classical compact groups. The eigenvalue statistics of the resulting grand canonical matrix models (of random size) corresponds exactly to the grand canonical measure of free fermions with classical boundary conditions.

Free Fermions and the Classical Compact Groups

Science.gov (United States)

Cunden, Fabio Deelan; Mezzadri, Francesco; O'Connell, Neil

2018-04-01

There is a close connection between the ground state of non-interacting fermions in a box with classical (absorbing, reflecting, and periodic) boundary conditions and the eigenvalue statistics of the classical compact groups. The associated determinantal point processes can be extended in two natural directions: (i) we consider the full family of admissible quantum boundary conditions (i.e., self-adjoint extensions) for the Laplacian on a bounded interval, and the corresponding projection correlation kernels; (ii) we construct the grand canonical extensions at finite temperature of the projection kernels, interpolating from Poisson to random matrix eigenvalue statistics. The scaling limits in the bulk and at the edges are studied in a unified framework, and the question of universality is addressed. Whether the finite temperature determinantal processes correspond to the eigenvalue statistics of some matrix models is, a priori, not obvious. We complete the picture by constructing a finite temperature extension of the Haar measure on the classical compact groups. The eigenvalue statistics of the resulting grand canonical matrix models (of random size) corresponds exactly to the grand canonical measure of free fermions with classical boundary conditions.

A Comparative Study of Applying Active-Set and Interior Point Methods in MPC for Controlling Nonlinear pH Process

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Syam Syafiie

2014-06-01

Full Text Available A comparative study of Model Predictive Control (MPC using active-set method and interior point methods is proposed as a control technique for highly non-linear pH process. The process is a strong acid-strong base system. A strong acid of hydrochloric acid (HCl and a strong base of sodium hydroxide (NaOH with the presence of buffer solution sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3 are used in a neutralization process flowing into reactor. The non-linear pH neutralization model governed in this process is presented by multi-linear models. Performance of both controllers is studied by evaluating its ability of set-point tracking and disturbance-rejection. Besides, the optimization time is compared between these two methods; both MPC shows the similar performance with no overshoot, offset, and oscillation. However, the conventional active-set method gives a shorter control action time for small scale optimization problem compared to MPC using IPM method for pH control.

Intensity-dependent point spread image processing

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cornsweet, T.N.; Yellott, J.I.

1984-01-01

There is ample anatomical, physiological and psychophysical evidence that the mammilian retina contains networks that mediate interactions among neighboring receptors, resulting in intersecting transformations between input images and their corresponding neural output patterns. The almost universally accepted view is that the principal form of interaction involves lateral inhibition, resulting in an output pattern that is the convolution of the input with a ''Mexican hat'' or difference-of-Gaussians spread function, having a positive center and a negative surround. A closely related process is widely applied in digital image processing, and in photography as ''unsharp masking''. The authors show that a simple and fundamentally different process, involving no inhibitory or subtractive terms can also account for the physiological and psychophysical findings that have been attributed to lateral inhibition. This process also results in a number of fundamental effects that occur in mammalian vision and that would be of considerable significance in robotic vision, but which cannot be explained by lateral inhibitory interaction

Determinantes del estado de salud en un país en vía de desarrollo: resultados del caso colombiano

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Manuel Ramírez

2005-12-01

Full Text Available El documento encuentra evidencia empírica sobre los determinantes del estado de salud en Colombia, después de la reforma de 1993. El artículo usa la teoría de Grossman y analiza, además de características individuales y socioeconómicas, variables institucionales del sector. Se usaron dos encuestas para los años 1997 y 2000, las cuales cuentan con una medida subjetiva del estado de salud y con información sobre el tipo de afiliación. Se uso modelo econométrico Probit ordenado. Los resultados muestran una relación entre variables individuales, socioeconómicas, e institucionales con el estado de salud de las personas. Finalmente, aunque el tipo de afiliación al sistema parece aumentar las desigualdades en el estado de salud, se cumple el objetivo de enfocar la cobertura en sectores poblacionales vulnerables.

Medidas dinámicas de predictibilidad en el índice s&p 500 y sus determinantes

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Javier Humberto Ospina Holguín

2015-04-01

Full Text Available El objeto de este estudio es medir la predictibilidad del índice accionario estadounidense S&P 500 y establecer posibles determinantes de esta predictibilidad. La predictibilidad se ha estudiado ampliamente, pero en pocos casos mediante medidas dinámicas y per se, como se hace aquí. Para establecer la predictibilidad se utilizan la medida eta del campo de las redes neuronales, el valor p del test de la razón de varianzas del campo de la econometría financiera y el análisis de fluctuación sin tendencia del campo de la econofísica. Se construye un algoritmo de inversión basado en las medidas dinámicas de predictibilidad que es mejor que la estrategia de comprar y mantenerse en el periodo estudiado. Para la medida más promisoria, se establece una relación empírica entre la predictibilidad y varios factores económicos y financieros. El panorama que arroja este estudio es el de un mercado que no es estáticamente predecible, sino cuya predictibilidad evoluciona dinámicamente en el tiempo, lo cual es compatible con la hipótesis del mercado adaptativo.

Salud y ruralidad en Colombia: análisis desde los determinantes sociales de la salud

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Diana R. Rodríguez-Triana

2016-09-01

Full Text Available La salud es un concepto que ha tenido diferentes transformaciones. Actualmente, a nivel mundial se promueve el término determinantes sociales, por tanto, ha sido apropiado por diferentes países para el desarrollo de políticas públicas en salud. Colombia ha acogido este concepto tanto en el plan nacional de desarrollo como en el plan decenal de salud pública. Por otro lado, el concepto de ruralidad ha cambiado, lo cual incide en las políticas públicas y decisiones que impactan en las poblaciones. La presente investigación se centró en un ejercicio de revisión sobre la ruralidad y el sistema de acceso a la salud en Colombia, así como de las propuestas de desarrollo rural en el país. El objetivo fue reflexionar sobre dos preguntas: i ¿qué tan viable es mantener un sistema de aseguramiento con las características del sgsss en la ruralidad colombiana?, ii ¿lo ofertado por este régimen puede dar solución a los impactos asociados con condiciones de vida y las diferencias en necesidades básicas? Lo anterior busca proponer nuevos ejercicios investigativos, nuevos marcos de aproximarse a la ruralidad y la relación de esta con la salud.

Determinantes dos altos deságios nos leilões de transmissão de energia elétrica no Brasil entre 1999-2010

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Katia Rocha

2013-06-01

Full Text Available O artigo analisa os determinantes dos altos deságios nos leilões de transmissão de energia elétrica no Brasil entre 1999-2010 através de um modelo econométrico baseado em Heckman (1979 considerando a heterogeneidade entre os lances vencedores e perdedores, e a endogeneidade desta clivagem. A partir do conjunto total de lances, explicita-se a heterogeneidade entre os grupos e corrige-se o respectivo viés devido à endogeneidade desta classificação. O objeto de pesquisa se justifica uma vez que estudos que focam apenas nos lances vencedores e que ignoram a correção devido à endogeneidade da seleção do grupo vencedor podem conduzir a conclusões impróprias.

Pseudo-dynamic source modelling with 1-point and 2-point statistics of earthquake source parameters

KAUST Repository

Song, S. G.; Dalguer, L. A.; Mai, Paul Martin

2013-01-01

statistical framework that governs the finite-fault rupture process with 1-point and 2-point statistics of source parameters in order to quantify the variability of finite source models for future scenario events. We test this method by extracting 1-point

Optimization of the single point incremental forming process for titanium sheets by using response surface

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Saidi Badreddine

2016-01-01

Full Text Available The single point incremental forming process is well-known to be perfectly suited for prototyping and small series. One of its fields of applicability is the medicine area for the forming of titanium prostheses or titanium medical implants. However this process is not yet very industrialized, mainly due its geometrical inaccuracy, its not homogeneous thickness distribution& Moreover considerable forces can occur. They must be controlled in order to preserve the tooling. In this paper, a numerical approach is proposed in order to minimize the maximum force achieved during the incremental forming of titanium sheets and to maximize the minimal thickness. A surface response methodology is used to find the optimal values of two input parameters of the process, the punch diameter and the vertical step size of the tool path.

Determinantes da folga organizacional em uma empresa com estrutura descentralizada.

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Ilse Maria Beuren

2015-08-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do estudo é identificar os determinantes da folga organizacional em uma empresa com estrutura descentralizada, com ênfase no modo como os controllers das unidades de negócios afetam a folga. Foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva com abordagem quantitativa, por meio de survey, utilizando o instrumento de pesquisa concebido por Indjejikian e Matëjka (2006, que se constitui de dois questionários, um para o gestor e outro para o controller de cada UN. A empresa objeto de estudo apresenta estrutura descentralizada com 45 UNs, das quais 32 responderam aos questionários. Os resultados da pesquisa indicam que as metas de desempenho, quando o crescimento das UNs é provocado pelo aumento das vendas e do market share, com sacrifício do retorno sobre o investimento no curto e médio prazos, são mais fáceis de alcançar e permitem maior folga organizacional do que em situações de UNs mais estáveis. Também indicam que a folga organizacional é maior em ambientes caracterizados por maior assimetria de informação entre a holding e os gestores das UNs, definidos pelo foco do controller da UN. Os resultados dos testes da relação entre as variáveis foco do controller da UN e folga organizacional evidenciam que os controllers das UNs priorizam o apoio à tomada de decisão na UN, em detrimento de suas responsabilidades com o sistema de controle gerencial corporativo. Quanto maior o tempo de atuação do controller na UN, maior é a sua dedicação às responsabilidades relacionadas à gestão da UN em detrimento do foco nas tarefas da holding. Conclui-se que a relação constatada nesta pesquisa entre o nível de folga organizacional e o foco dos controllers das UNs se coaduna com aquela enunciada no estudo de referência. De maneira geral, os resultados das análises estão alinhados com os da pesquisa de Indjejikian e Matëjka (2006, consideradas as limitações de comparabilidade em função das diferenças amostrais.

From Takeoff to Landing: Looking at the Design Process for the Development of NASA Blast at Thanksgiving Point

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Stephen Ashton

2011-01-01

Full Text Available In this article we discuss the process of design used to develop and design the NASA Blast exhibition at Thanksgiving Point, a museum complex in Lehi, Utah. This was a class project for the Advanced Instructional Design Class at Brigham Young University. In an attempt to create a new discourse (Krippendorff, 2006 for Thanksgiving Point visitors and staff members, the design class used a very fluid design approach by utilizing brainstorming, researching, class member personas, and prototyping to create ideas for the new exhibition. Because of the nature of the experience, the design class developed their own techniques to enhance the process of their design. The result of the design was a compelling narrative that brought all the elements of the exhibition together in a cohesive piece.

Los determinantes de la estructura de la madurez de la deuda corporativa. El caso de Chile

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Francisco Castañeda González

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Antecedentes: El objetivo de este artículo es proveer un análisis empírico de los determinantes de la madurez de la deuda con plazo mayor a un año. La deuda analizada es aquella emitida como renta fija por empresas chilenas cotizadas en la Bolsa de Valores de Santiago, en Chile. La investigación se contextualiza en el marco de la teoría de costos de agencia, hipótesis fiscal y señalización por medio de la emisión de deuda.Métodos: Para llevar a cabo el análisis utilizaremos un panel de datos construido a partir de información financiera obtenida de Bloomberg, para un periodo comprendido entre los años 2002 y 2012. Con estos datos llevaremos a cabo una regresión agrupada, un modelo de datos de panel con efectos fijos y otro con efectos aleatorios.Resultados: Después de analizar una muestra de 434 observaciones para 50 empresas con 52.8% de su deuda con una madurez mayor a un año, una madurez de sus activos de 29.26 años y una tasa efectiva de impuestos de 18.2%, encontramos los siguientes resultados.La razón entre el valor de mercado y el valor en libros de la empresa es estadísticamente significativa y tiene el signo negativo esperado. También encontramos que tanto el tamaño como la regulación son estadísticamente significativos y tienen signo positivo. Los resultados obtenidos para la variable “Tasa efectiva de impuestos” no son estadísticamente significativos, lo que coincide con la evidencia internacional.Por otra parte, el coeficiente estimado para la madurez de los activos no es estadísticamente significativo, lo que contradice las ideas propuestas por Myers (1977. En cambio, la variable “calidad” es estadísticamente significativa a 5% de significancia en todas las regresiones; sin embargo, ésta no tiene el signo negativo que se esperaba.Finalmente, en su mayoría los resultados son consecuentes con la evidencia internacional, por lo que los determinantes de la madurez de la deuda en Chile son similares a

Determinantes do lance vencedor em leilões de petróleo e gás: avaliando o caso brasileiro

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Rodrigo Leandro de Moura

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo usa a metodologia de Rezende (2008 parainvestigar os determinantes do lance vencedor em leilões de bloco de petróleo e gás no Brasil. Há indicação de que os efeitos da "maldição do vencedor"de fato se manifestam nas estratégias adotadas pelas empresas nesses leilões. Também são encontradas evidências de que a presença da Petrobras tem efeito positivo no valor dos lances ofertados. Além disso, consórcios entre empresas aparentemente não têm motivaçã o anticompetitiva. Por fim, não há indícios da existência de sinergias entre os blocos. Desse modo, embora haja espaço para melhora no desenho das licitações promovidas no Brasil, o desempenho dos leilões selados de primeiro preço (sem a possibilidade de lances por pacotes de blocos não tende a ser muito inferior às alternativas possíveis.

Determinantes socio-económicas de la desnutrición global infantil en la Localidad de Ciudad Bolívar (Bogotá, Colombia) en el año 2011

OpenAIRE

Ducuara Mora, Pedro Enrique

2012-01-01

La desnutrición infantil y la pobreza se encuentran asociadas y estas a su vez con el progreso de los países. Conocer las determinantes sociales y económicas de la niñez que padece de bajo peso es necesario para crear escenarios propicios para el adecuado desarrollo de la primera infancia y de esta manera contribuir con la superación de la pobreza en el marco de sistemas sanitarios equitativos. Se realiza una descripción de las características socio-económicas y un análisis de posibles asocia...

Factores determinantes en la calidad del servicio sanitario en México: Caso ABC

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Norma Angélica Pedraza-Melo

2014-01-01

Full Text Available El estudio tiene como objetivo identificar los factores determinantes en la calidad del servicio de salud desde la percepción del usuario en Tamaulipas, México. Se llevó a cabo mediante la estrategia de estudio de caso. Se aplicaron 120 cuestionarios a usuarios que voluntariamente decidieron participar. Para el análisis de fiabilidad de la escala se determinó el Alpha de Cronbach. Con base en el análisis factorial exploratorio se identificaron cinco factores que determinan la calidad de los servicios sanitarios en el hospital ABC. De acuerdo a la percepción de los usuarios, la calidad de los servicios en la unidad de análisis se categorizó en un nivel cercano a bueno en cuatro factores: trato al paciente y empatía, efectividad y oportunidad, tiempos de espera, seguridad y limpieza. Se identificó un factor, el de capacidad de respuesta, con la más baja valoración, en esta dimensión un porcentaje mayoritario (52.5% manifestó que el tiempo de espera en la consulta externa va de pésimo a regular; el 48.3 % de los usuarios calificó de nivel incipiente el servicio de urgencias; mientras que el 43.3% señaló que el tiempo de espera para las consultas de especialidad va de pésimo a regular. Al tratarse de un hospital certificado en estándares internacionales y con reconocimiento importante en su desempeño, los hallazgos del presente estudio evidencian áreas débiles en la prestación de los servicios sanitarios que ofrece.

Modelling estimation and analysis of dynamic processes from image sequences using temporal random closed sets and point processes with application to the cell exocytosis and endocytosis

OpenAIRE

Díaz Fernández, Ester

2010-01-01

In this thesis, new models and methodologies are introduced for the analysis of dynamic processes characterized by image sequences with spatial temporal overlapping. The spatial temporal overlapping exists in many natural phenomena and should be addressed properly in several Science disciplines such as Microscopy, Material Sciences, Biology, Geostatistics or Communication Networks. This work is related to the Point Process and Random Closed Set theories, within Stochastic Ge...

Discussion of "Modern statistics for spatial point processes"

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, Eva Bjørn Vedel; Prokesová, Michaela; Hellmund, Gunnar

2007-01-01

ABSTRACT. The paper ‘Modern statistics for spatial point processes’ by Jesper Møller and Rasmus P. Waagepetersen is based on a special invited lecture given by the authors at the 21st Nordic Conference on Mathematical Statistics, held at Rebild, Denmark, in June 2006. At the conference, Antti...

Factores determinantes del desarrollo econ??mico y social de los pa??ses menos desarrollados de ??frica y Asia, y de las regiones objetivo n?? 1 del sur de la Uni??n Europea

OpenAIRE

Salinas Fern??ndez, Jos?? Antonio

2012-01-01

La Tesis que se presenta bajo el t??tulo "Factores determinantes del desarrollo econ??mico y social de los pa??ses menos desarrollados de ??frica y Asia, y de las regiones Objetivo n?? 1 del sur de la Uni??n Europea" constituye una reagrupaci??n de art??culos publicados en tres revistas indexadas en el Journal Citation Index (JCR). La investigaci??n llevada a cabo, realiza una aportaci??n al desarrollo econ??mico y social en tres zonas del planeta, caracterizadas por su mayor atraso, incorpor...

Finite Elements on Point Based Surfaces

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Clarenz, U.; Rumpf, M.; Telea, A.

2004-01-01

We present a framework for processing point-based surfaces via partial differential equations (PDEs). Our framework efficiently and effectively brings well-known PDE-based processing techniques to the field of point-based surfaces. Our method is based on the construction of local tangent planes and

Parametric Architectural Design with Point-clouds

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Zwierzycki, Mateusz; Evers, Henrik Leander; Tamke, Martin

2016-01-01

This paper investigates the efforts and benefits of the implementation of point clouds into architectural design processes and tools. Based on a study on the principal work processes of designers with point clouds the prototypical plugin/library - Volvox - was developed for the parametric modelling...

Determinantes de la vinculación transnacional de los migrantes: La población colombiana en el País Vasco

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Yolanda GONZÁLEZ-RÁBAGO

2016-01-01

Full Text Available La vinculación transnacional de los migrantes ha sido tradicionalmente confrontada con su integración en las sociedades de destino. Los factores que pueden influenciar la relación del migrante con su origen, tanto personales como contextuales, son diversos. El objetivo ha sido analizar los determinantes de la vinculación transnacional de la población colombiana en el País Vasco, y mediante análisis de regresión lineal identificar un perfil de migrante transnacional. Los resultados mostraron que el nivel educativo, la existencia de familia nuclear en el lugar de origen y una situación estable en destino son factores clave de la vinculación transnacional. Se concluye del estudio que son aquellos migrantes con una posición estable, segura y participativa en destino, los que se vinculan en mayor medida con su origen, sin que el migrante perciba una incompatibilidad entre ambas vinculaciones.

Os determinantes da avaliação da economia na eleição presidencial brasileira em 2014

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Luciana Fernandes Veiga

Full Text Available Resumo Este artigo analisa os determinantes da avaliação econômica retrospectiva sociotrópica na eleição presidencial no Brasil em 2014, com base: a no conhecimento que o eleitor possui a partir de informação objetiva da economia; b no conhecimento que o eleitor possui a partir de sua experiência vivida/sensação de mobilidade social; c a sua afetividade partidária; d a sua identidade ideológica. Nossa contribuição foi mostrar que: a ter conhecimento/informação objetiva da economia não tem impacto na avaliação da economia; b o conhecimento advindo da experiência vivida, identificado aqui como sensação de mobilidade social, não impacta na avaliação da economia no sentido esperado – mais ascensão, mais tendência de avaliação positiva; c a afetividade partidária, por sua vez, demonstrou forte impacto na avaliação da economia. O artigo usa dados do CSES/Eseb – Estudo Eleitoral Brasileiro.

Matemáticas empresariales :Estudio de los factores determinantes del rendimiento académico

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González Veiga , M.C

1998-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo es conocer los factores que influyen de manera significativa sobre el rendimiento de los alumnos en Matemáticas Empresariales. Con este fin, y basándonos en la literatura existente sobre el tema se propone un modelo donde se tienen en cuenta algunas de las variables que habitualmente se consideran más relevantes junto con factores específicos que afectan al problema que queremos analizar. Uno de los trabajos pioneros en este campo de obligada referencia en todos los estudios es el Informe Coleman, publicado en 1966 bajo el título "Equality of Educational Opportunity", donde se analizan los factores determinantes del rendimiento de más de medio millón de alumnos en USA. Los resultados del citado informe han sido objetos de múltiples controversias tanto por cuestiones técnicas como por las conclusiones que de él se extraen que básicamente son que los resultados escolares dependen sobre todo de la extracción social del alumno y por tanto la actividad educativa desarrollada en la escuela y la inversión en recursos o en la mejora de la capacitación del profesorado apenas tiene efectos sobre el rendimiento. Este trabajo es considerado como el punto de partida de muchos otros en los que se analiza la enseñanza como un proceso productivo donde el output educativo se obtiene a partir de una serie de inputs de diversa índole aportados por los estudiantes, las familias y el centro escolar

Accuracy of heart rate variability estimation by photoplethysmography using an smartphone: Processing optimization and fiducial point selection.

Science.gov (United States)

Ferrer-Mileo, V; Guede-Fernandez, F; Fernandez-Chimeno, M; Ramos-Castro, J; Garcia-Gonzalez, M A

2015-08-01

This work compares several fiducial points to detect the arrival of a new pulse in a photoplethysmographic signal using the built-in camera of smartphones or a photoplethysmograph. Also, an optimization process for the signal preprocessing stage has been done. Finally we characterize the error produced when we use the best cutoff frequencies and fiducial point for smartphones and photopletysmograph and compare if the error of smartphones can be reasonably be explained by variations in pulse transit time. The results have revealed that the peak of the first derivative and the minimum of the second derivative of the pulse wave have the lowest error. Moreover, for these points, high pass filtering the signal between 0.1 to 0.8 Hz and low pass around 2.7 Hz or 3.5 Hz are the best cutoff frequencies. Finally, the error in smartphones is slightly higher than in a photoplethysmograph.

Seed Dispersal, Microsites or Competition—What Drives Gap Regeneration in an Old-Growth Forest? An Application of Spatial Point Process Modelling

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Georg Gratzer

2018-04-01

Full Text Available The spatial structure of trees is a template for forest dynamics and the outcome of a variety of processes in ecosystems. Identifying the contribution and magnitude of the different drivers is an age-old task in plant ecology. Recently, the modelling of a spatial point process was used to identify factors driving the spatial distribution of trees at stand scales. Processes driving the coexistence of trees, however, frequently unfold within gaps and questions on the role of resource heterogeneity within-gaps have become central issues in community ecology. We tested the applicability of a spatial point process modelling approach for quantifying the effects of seed dispersal, within gap light environment, microsite heterogeneity, and competition on the generation of within gap spatial structure of small tree seedlings in a temperate, old growth, mixed-species forest. By fitting a non-homogeneous Neyman–Scott point process model, we could disentangle the role of seed dispersal from niche partitioning for within gap tree establishment and did not detect seed densities as a factor explaining the clustering of small trees. We found only a very weak indication for partitioning of within gap light among the three species and detected a clear niche segregation of Picea abies (L. Karst. on nurse logs. The other two dominating species, Abies alba Mill. and Fagus sylvatica L., did not show signs of within gap segregation.

Características del conocimiento transferido como determinantes del rendimiento de los sistemas de franquicia

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Beatriz Minguela Rata

2009-06-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se pretende analizar la influencia de la naturaleza tácita y el valor del conocimiento (dos características del conocimiento determinantes de la facilidad con la que se puede transferir el mismo en el rendimiento de los sistemas de franquicia. Se ha llevado a cabo un análisis de regresión lineal sobre una muestra de establecimientos franquiciados en diferentes cadenas de franquicia y sectores de actividad que operan en España, midiendo el rendimiento tanto de manera objetiva como subjetiva y tomando el tipo de actividad llevada a cabo por el establecimiento franquiciado como variable de control. Los resultados parecen indicar que la naturaleza tácita del conocimiento influye de manera negativa en el rendimiento de los sistemas de franquicia mientras que el valor del conocimiento afecta de manera positiva.In this paper the influence of tacitness and value of knowledge on the performance of franchise systems are studied. With this aim, a linear regression analysis is conducted on a sample of franchisee of different franchise chains and sectors of activity operating in Spain. In the model we added a control variable, named transformation, which representa the kind of activities carried out in the franchisee units: just commercial or transformative and commercial activities. The findings show that tacit knowledge has a negative impact on franchise systems performance, the value of knowledge affects it in a positive manner whereas the control variable is significant.

Determinantes contextuais da mortalidade neonatal no Rio Grande do Sul por dois modelos de análise Determinantes contextuales de la mortalidad neonatal por dos modelos de análisis Contextual determinants of neonatal mortality using two analysis methods, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

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Roselaine Ruviaro Zanini

2011-02-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Analisar os determinantes da mortalidade neonatal, segundo modelo de regressão logística multinível e modelo hierárquico clássico. MÉTODOS: Estudo de coorte com 138.407 nascidos vivos com declaração de nascimento e 1.134 óbitos neonatais registrados em 2003 no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram vinculados os registros do Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos e Mortalidade para o levantamento das informações sobre exposição no nível individual. As variáveis independentes incluíram características da criança ao nascer, da gestação, da assistência à saúde e fatores sociodemográficos. Fatores associados foram estimados e comparados por meio da análise de regressão logística clássica e multinível. RESULTADOS: O coeficiente de mortalidade neonatal foi 8,19 por mil nascidos vivos. As variáveis que se mostraram associadas ao óbito neonatal no modelo hierárquico foram: baixo peso ao nascer, Apgar no 1º e 5º minutos inferiores a oito, presença de anomalia congênita, prematuridade e perda fetal anterior. Cesariana apresentou efeito protetor. No modelo multinível, a perda fetal anterior não se manteve significativa, mas a inclusão da variável contextual (taxa de pobreza indicou que 15% da variação da mortalidade neonatal podem ser explicados pela variabilidade nas taxas de pobreza em cada microrregião. CONCLUSÕES: O uso de modelos multiníveis foi capaz de mostrar pequeno efeito dos determinantes contextuais na mortalidade neonatal. Foi observada associação positiva com a taxa de pobreza, no modelo geral, e com o percentual de domicílios com abastecimento de água entre os nascidos pré-termos.OBJETIVO: Analizar los determinantes de la mortalidad neonatal, según modelo de regresión logística multinivel y modelo jerárquico clásico. MÉTODOS: Estudio de cohorte con 138.407 nacidos vivos con declaración de nacimiento y 1.134 óbitos neonatales registrados en 2003 en Rio Grande do Sul, Sur

A Unified Point Process Probabilistic Framework to Assess Heartbeat Dynamics and Autonomic Cardiovascular Control

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Zhe eChen

2012-02-01

Full Text Available In recent years, time-varying inhomogeneous point process models have been introduced for assessment of instantaneous heartbeat dynamics as well as specific cardiovascular control mechanisms and hemodynamics. Assessment of the model's statistics is established through the Wiener-Volterra theory and a multivariate autoregressive (AR structure. A variety of instantaneous cardiovascular metrics, such as heart rate (HR, heart rate variability (HRV, respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA, and baroreceptor-cardiac reflex (baroreflex sensitivity (BRS, are derived within a parametric framework and instantaneously updated with adaptive and local maximum likelihood estimation algorithms. Inclusion of second order nonlinearities, with subsequent bispectral quantification in the frequency domain, further allows for definition of instantaneous metrics of nonlinearity. We here organize a comprehensive review of the devised methods as applied to experimental recordings from healthy subjects during propofol anesthesia. Collective results reveal interesting dynamic trends across the different pharmacological interventions operated within each anesthesia session, confirming the ability of the algorithm to track important changes in cardiorespiratory elicited interactions, and pointing at our mathematical approach as a promising monitoring tool for an accurate, noninvasive assessment in clinical practice.

On the thermochemical conversions of hard coal pitches in the process of raising the softening point to 358-363 K

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kekin, N.A.; Belkina, T.V.; Stepanenko, M.A.; Gordienko, V.G.

1983-09-01

High resolution paramagnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy are used to obtain data on the nature of changes in hydrogen content of various groups in the substances of soluble functions in raw pitch and its thermoproducts during the process of producing binders with an increased softening point of 358-363 K. It was shown that thermal treatment of pitch during the process of raising the softening point leads to enrichment of the pitch structure with aromatic hydrogen and to reduction in the structure of the hydrogen in aliphatic bonds. The basis of these conversions is the splitting off of CH/SUB/3 groups and the formation of new structures containing CH/SUB/2 groups. (11 refs.)

Determinantes de la utilización de servicios de salud en Costa Rica Determinants of health care utilization in Costa Rica

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Melvin Morera Salas

2010-10-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Realizar una primera aproximación a los determinantes de la utilización de consultas médicas en Costa Rica. Método: Los datos proceden de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud para Costa Rica 2006. En el análisis econométrico se utilizó un modelo binomial negativo estándar ligado al enfoque de producción de salud de Grossman y un modelo en dos partes congruente con el enfoque agente-principal. Resultados: Los factores determinantes de la utilización de consultas médicas fueron el nivel educativo, el estado de salud percibida, el número de enfermedades crónicas declaradas y la región de residencia. Conclusiones: El hecho de que las variables de necesidad de salud expliquen de forma significativa la probabilidad de contacto con las consultas médicas y que, además, no se registren diferencias significativas de utilización entre quintiles de ingreso y situación de seguro, es un resultado esperable y deseable en un sistema público solidario y casi universal como el costarricense. No se obtienen resultados concluyentes de la influencia del médico en la frecuencia de utilización de las consultas que postula el modelo de agente-principal.Objective: To analyze the determinants of health care utilization (visits to the doctor in Costa Rica using an econometric approach. Methods: Data were drawn from the National Survey of Health for Costa Rica 2006. We modeled the Grossman approach to the demand for health services by using a standard negative binomial regression, and used a hurdle model for the principal-agent specification. Results: The factors determining healthcare utilization were level of education, self-assessed health, number of declared chronic diseases and geographic region of residence. Conclusion: The number of outpatient visits to the doctor depends on the proxies for medical need, but we found no multivariate association between the use of outpatient visits and income or insurance status. This result suggests that

Determinantes de la tercerización del servicio de información contable en las pymes: el caso de la Argentina.

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Diana Ester Albanese

2013-10-01

Full Text Available La motivación de esta investigación radica en la relevancia de la disponibilidade de información para usuarios internos y externos a la empresa, y en el rol fundamental del sistema de información contable en el registro de las operaciones de la firma. El objetivo consiste en analizar los determinantes de la tercerización de servicios de información contable en las pequeñas y medianas empresas (PyMEs, partiendo desde dos perspectivas: la teoría de los costos de transacción (TCT y la visión basada en los recursos (VBR. Ambos enfoques concluyen que aquellas funciones que no son específicas ni críticas de la empresa deben ser tercerizadas a efectos de mejorar su competitividad. Se plantearon como hipótesis de este trabajo que: el tamaño de los clientes y/o proveedores de la firma, el empleo de la información contable en la toma de decisiones, el uso de tecnologías de información, la forma de organización jurídica, el tamaño y la antigüedad de la empresa, tienen una relación significativa con el nivel de tercerización del servicio de información contable. A fines de testear las hipótesis se utilizaron datos recolectados mediante un estudio de campo realizado sobre 159 PyMEs de la ciudad de Bahía Blanca, Argentina, durante el periodo julio-octubre del 2010. Los resultados, obtenidos mediante regresiones probit y regresión probit ordinal, brindaron apoyo a todas las hipótesis planteadas, excepto a la referida al tamaño de la empresa y su tipo de clientes y proveedores. Estos resultados resaltan la relevancia de la especificidade de los activos como variable determinante en las decisiones de tercerización concordando con lo esperado en el marco de la TCT y la VBR y siendo similares a los observados en estudios empíricos previos realizados en otros países. Como futura línea de investigación cabe mencionar que el outsourcing de servicios contables, tan usual para parte de las empresas pequeñas y medianas, amerita un an

Reações adversas a medicamentos como determinantes da admissão hospitalar

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PFAFFENBACH GRACE

2002-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: A freqüência de reação adversa a medicamentos (RAM como determinante da hospitalização não está bem documentada na literatura médica brasileira. Objetivou-se determinar esta freqüência, documentando o padrão de uso de medicamentos antes da hospitalização. MÉTODOS: O estudo foi realizado em um hospital escola de atenção terciária à saúde. Constou de duas fases distintas, sendo a primeira a análise dos dados disponíveis a respeito dos diagnósticos que levaram à admissão hospitalar na enfermaria de Medicina Interna durante o ano de 1997. Após esta análise, foi realizado em 1999 o monitoramento intensivo das RAMs de pacientes internados durante quatro meses e o registro dos medicamentos usados nos 15 dias que antecederam a internação e os padrões de morbidade dos pacientes da enfermaria. RESULTADOS: Em 1997, ocorreram 938 internações, 53,4% de pacientes masculinos, com 1,1 diagnóstico por internação e nenhum diagnóstico de RAM. Na segunda fase do estudo, dos 135 pacientes, 52% do sexo feminino, 92% usaram medicamentos antes da internação, e destes, 42% se auto-medicaram nos 15 dias anteriores à internação. A média de uso de medicamentos foi de 3,7. RAM foi responsável por ou teve participação em 6,6% das internações. CONCLUSÕES: O Monitoramento intensivo de pacientes estimula a notificação de RAM e serve como um recurso didático importante na formação dos profissionais de saúde quanto ao uso racional de medicamentos.

On the estimation of the spherical contact distribution Hs(y) for spatial point processes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Doguwa, S.I.

1990-08-01

RIPLEY (1977, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, B39 172-212) proposed an estimator for the spherical contact distribution H s (s), of a spatial point process observed in a bounded planar region. However, this estimator is not defined for some distances of interest, in this bounded region. A new estimator for H s (y), is proposed for use with regular grid of sampling locations. This new estimator is defined for all distances of interest. It also appears to have a smaller bias and a smaller mean squared error than the previously suggested alternative. (author). 11 refs, 4 figs, 1 tab

Determinantes externos e internos da reforma curricular do curso de medicina da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo

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Maria Valéria Pavan

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Introdução: Em 2006, o curso de Medicina da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas e da Saúde (FCMS da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP alterou seu projeto pedagógico, em prática desde a década de 1970, para utilizar métodos ativos de ensino/aprendizagem, ancorados na aprendizagem baseada em problemas. Como esperado, em uma instituição de ensino como a PUC-SP, que traz na história uma grande valorização do processo democrático, mudanças como essas não são impostas à comunidade acadêmica, mas se inserem em um contexto de ampla discussão, norteada por acontecimentos externos e internos à instituição. Objetivos: Identificar e analisar os principais determinantes externos e internos da reforma curricular de 2006. Métodos: Foram utilizadas pesquisa bibliográfica e consulta aos arquivos da FCMS da PUC-SP buscando identificar e contextualizar os movimentos sociais, institucionais e de órgãos governamentais da educação e da saúde que pretendiam mudanças curriculares nos cursos de Medicina no Brasil. Para entender os determinantes internos, buscou-se reconstruir o ambiente acadêmico no período da reforma, identificando os motivadores próprios da comunidade acadêmica. Resultados: A mudança do currículo do curso de Medicina da PUC-SP ocorreu dentro de um movimento externo amplo, voltado para a formação do profissional para além da especialização. Somou-se a isso um ambiente de insatisfação dos docentes com o modelo de ensino tradicional em prática. Conclusão: Optou-se por um modelo curricular adequado aos princípios da instituição, que incorporou as orientações das diretrizes curriculares nacionais com o compromisso de formar médicos comprometidos com o sistema de saúde do país.

Excesso de peso: determinantes sociodemográficos e comportamentais em adultos, Brasil, 2008 Overweight: socio-demographic and behavioral determinants in Brazilian adults, 2008

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Naíza Nayla Bandeira de Sá

2011-07-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho objetiva conhecer os determinantes sociodemográficos e comportamentais do excesso de peso entre adultos brasileiros, residentes nas capitais de estados e no Distrito Federal, com base em dados do sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico de 2008. A variável dependente foi excesso de peso e as independentes foram as sociodemográficas, as comportamentais e o estado nutricional aos 20 anos. Verificaram-se 44,4% de excesso de peso. Os fatores sociodemográficos associados ao excesso de peso em ambos os sexos foram: maior idade, união conjugal estável, maior escolaridade entre homens e menor entre mulheres. À exceção do excesso de peso aos 20 anos, os fatores comportamentais se associaram com o excesso de peso de modo diferente entre os sexos: no sexo masculino, não ser ativo no tempo livre; no feminino, padrão alimentar ruim e hábito de assistir à televisão. Os determinantes comportamentais do excesso de peso são diferentes para homens e mulheres, demonstrando a necessidade de estratégias diferenciadas.This article aims to identify socio-demographic and behavioral determinants of overweight among Brazilian adults living in State capitals and the Federal District, using data collected by a telephone survey for surveillance of risk and protective factors in 2008. The outcome variable was overweight, and the independent variables were socio-demographics, behavioral factors, and nutritional status at 20 years of age. The overweight rate was 44.4%. Socio-demographic factors associated with overweight were age and marital status (married in both genders, higher schooling in men, and lower schooling in women. With the exception of overweight at 20 years of age, behavioral factors were associated differently with overweight according to gender (leisure-time physical inactivity in males and dietary patterns and watching television among females. The behavioral

Los determinantes sociales de la política científica en América Latina. Política científica explícita y política científica implícita

OpenAIRE

Herrera, Amílcar

1995-01-01

Herrera, A. (1995) Dossier: Los determinantes sociales de la política científica en América Latina. Política científica explícita y política científica implícita. Redes: Revista de estudios sociales de la ciencia, 2 (5), 117-131. Artículo publicado en el diario "La Opinión", Buenos Aires, 14 de julio de 1971 Article published in the newspaper "La Opinión", Buenos Aires, July 14, 1971

Finding a single point of truth

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sokolov, S.; Thijssen, H. [Autodesk Inc, Toronto, ON (Canada); Laslo, D.; Martin, J. [Autodesk Inc., San Rafael, CA (United States)

2010-07-01

Electric utilities collect large volumes of data at every level of their business, including SCADA, Smart Metering and Smart Grid initiatives, LIDAR and other 3D imagery surveys. Different types of database systems are used to store the information, rendering data flow within the utility business process extremely complicated. The industry trend has been to endure redundancy of data input and maintenance of multiple copies of the same data across different solution data sets. Efforts have been made to improve the situation with point to point interfaces, but with the tools and solutions available today, a single point of truth can be achieved. Consolidated and validated data can be published into a data warehouse at the right point in the process, making the information available to all other enterprise systems and solutions. This paper explained how the single point of truth spatial data warehouse and process automation services can be configured to streamline the flow of data within the utility business process using the initiate-plan-execute-close (IPEC) utility workflow model. The paper first discussed geospatial challenges faced by utilities and then presented the approach and technology aspects. It was concluded that adoption of systems and solutions that can function with and be controlled by the IPEC workflow can provide significant improvement for utility operations, particularly if those systems are coupled with the spatial data warehouse that reflects a single point of truth. 6 refs., 3 figs.

El coste de oportunidad como determinante del autoempleo en la Unión Europea (UE 25

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Luis Miguel Zapico Aldeano

2008-06-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo pretende introducir en el análisis de la motivación de la actividad emprendedora el potencial efecto negativo del coste de oportunidad asociado a la misma. Para lograr este objetivo se aplicó un análisis de ecuaciones estructurales con la aproximación Partial Least Squares (PLS sobre una muestra de ciudadanos de la Unión Europea agrupados por países, para el periodo 2004. Los resultados muestran que la motivación emprendedora presenta una estructura interna dual formada por dos componentes independientes, uno relacionado con el atractivo intrínseco del autoempleo y otro relacionado con el atractivo intrínseco del estatus de empleado. Concretamente, los resultados indican una influencia directamente proporcional, sobre la intención emprendedora, de los elementos asociados al atractivo de ser empresario. También se verifica la relación inversamente proporcional de los elementos asociados al atractivo de ser empleado; siendo este efecto desmotivador de menor cuantía que el citado en primer lugar. Desde un punto de vista práctico, se plantea que las políticas de estímulo de la actividad emprendedora deberían tener en cuenta que no únicamente los ciudadanos con actitudes negativas hacia el autoempleo rechazan crear empresas, el atractivo del empleo por cuenta ajena es un determinante adicional significativo.This paper tries to include the potential negative effect of the opportunity cost over the motivation analysis related to the entrepreneurial activity. According to this aim, a Structural Equation Modelling analysis with Partial Least Squares (PLS approach was performed over a sample of European citizens clustered by country, within the period 2004. The results show that entrepreneurial motivation has a dual internal structure based on two independent components, one connected to the intrinsic attractiveness of self-employment and another one connected to the intrinsic attractiveness of the employee status

Seeking a fingerprint: analysis of point processes in actigraphy recording

Science.gov (United States)

Gudowska-Nowak, Ewa; Ochab, Jeremi K.; Oleś, Katarzyna; Beldzik, Ewa; Chialvo, Dante R.; Domagalik, Aleksandra; Fąfrowicz, Magdalena; Marek, Tadeusz; Nowak, Maciej A.; Ogińska, Halszka; Szwed, Jerzy; Tyburczyk, Jacek

2016-05-01

Motor activity of humans displays complex temporal fluctuations which can be characterised by scale-invariant statistics, thus demonstrating that structure and fluctuations of such kinetics remain similar over a broad range of time scales. Previous studies on humans regularly deprived of sleep or suffering from sleep disorders predicted a change in the invariant scale parameters with respect to those for healthy subjects. In this study we investigate the signal patterns from actigraphy recordings by means of characteristic measures of fractional point processes. We analyse spontaneous locomotor activity of healthy individuals recorded during a week of regular sleep and a week of chronic partial sleep deprivation. Behavioural symptoms of lack of sleep can be evaluated by analysing statistics of duration times during active and resting states, and alteration of behavioural organisation can be assessed by analysis of power laws detected in the event count distribution, distribution of waiting times between consecutive movements and detrended fluctuation analysis of recorded time series. We claim that among different measures characterising complexity of the actigraphy recordings and their variations implied by chronic sleep distress, the exponents characterising slopes of survival functions in resting states are the most effective biomarkers distinguishing between healthy and sleep-deprived groups.

Investigation of the s-process branch-point nucleus {sup 86}Rb at HIγS

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Erbacher, Philipp; Glorius, Jan; Reifarth, Rene; Sonnabend, Kerstin [Goethe Universitaet Frankfurt am Main (Germany); Isaak, Johann; Loeher, Bastian; Savran, Deniz [GSI Helmholzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung (Germany); Tornow, Werner [Duke University (United States)

2016-07-01

The branch-point nucleus {sup 86}Rb determines the isotopic abundance ratio {sup 86}Sr/{sup 87}Sr in s-process nucleosynthesis. Thus, stellar parameters such as temperature and neutron density and their evolution in time as simulated by modern s-process network calculations can be constrained by a comparison of the calculated isotopic ratio with the one observed in SiC meteoritic grains. To this end, the radiative neutron-capture cross section of the unstable isotope {sup 86}Rb has to be known with sufficient accuracy. Since the short half-life of {sup 86}Rb prohibits the direct measurement, the nuclear-physics input to a calculation of the cross section has to be measured. For this reason, the γ-ray strength function of {sup 87}Rb was measured using the γ{sup 3} setup at the High Intensity γ-ray Source facility at TUNL in Durham, USA. First experimental results are presented.

The neutron capture cross section of the ${s}$-process branch point isotope $^{63}$Ni

CERN Multimedia

Neutron capture nucleosynthesis in massive stars plays an important role in Galactic chemical evolution as well as for the analysis of abundance patterns in very old metal-poor halo stars. The so-called weak ${s}$-process component, which is responsible for most of the ${s}$ abundances between Fe and Sr, turned out to be very sensitive to the stellar neutron capture cross sections in this mass region and, in particular, of isotopes near the seed distribution around Fe. In this context, the unstable isotope $^{63}$Ni is of particular interest because it represents the first branching point in the reaction path of the ${s}$-process. We propose to measure this cross section at n_TOF from thermal energies up to 500 keV, covering the entire range of astrophysical interest. These data are needed to replace uncertain theoretical predicitons by first experimental information to understand the consequences of the $^{63}$Ni branching for the abundance pattern of the subsequent isotopes, especially for $^{63}$Cu and $^{...

Design and fabrication of a diffractive beam splitter for dual-wavelength and concurrent irradiation of process points.

Science.gov (United States)

Amako, Jun; Shinozaki, Yu

2016-07-11

We report on a dual-wavelength diffractive beam splitter designed for use in parallel laser processing. This novel optical element generates two beam arrays of different wavelengths and allows their overlap at the process points on a workpiece. To design the deep surface-relief profile of a splitter using a simulated annealing algorithm, we introduce a heuristic but practical scheme to determine the maximum depth and the number of quantization levels. The designed corrugations were fabricated in a photoresist by maskless grayscale exposure using a high-resolution spatial light modulator. We characterized the photoresist splitter, thereby validating the proposed beam-splitting concept.

Some probabilistic properties of fractional point processes

KAUST Repository

Garra, Roberto; Orsingher, Enzo; Scavino, Marco

2017-01-01

P{T-k(alpha) < infinity} are explicitly obtained and analyzed. The processes N-f (t) are time-changed Poisson processes N( H-f (t)) with subordinators H-f (t) and here we study N(Sigma H-n(j= 1)f j (t)) and obtain probabilistic features

Consumidor de livros – variáveis determinantes do perfil do comportamento de compra no varejo on-line

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Maria do Carmo Romeiro

2015-07-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo é identificar variáveis que mais diferenciam o perfil do comportamento de compra do consumidor de livros no varejo on-line. Para tanto, além da revisão da literatura que destaca o ambiente de mudanças rápidas no varejo, no qual a tecnologia da informação vem ganhando mais importância no relacionamento entre os consumidores e varejistas, foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva quantitativa com cem consumidores de livros na cidade de São Paulo. O modelo de análise dos dados baseou-se na técnica de regressão logística binária. As análises indicaram que, do grupo de variáveis utilizadas na pesquisa, duas delas – quantidade de livros lidos no último ano e utilização do celular para acessar a internet – podem ser determinantes do comportamento do consumidor e orientadoras da decisão de compra de livros nas lojas on-line. Os resultados podem servir de base para novos estudos e simulações que contribuam para ampliar o conhecimento sobre os consumidores, cada vez mais conectados, e orientar os varejistas a entender e atender melhor as necessidades desses consumidores.

Factores Determinantes de la Relación entre el Crecimiento Económico, la Equidad y la Competitividad

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José Vicente Cadavid H.

2006-10-01

Full Text Available En este articulo se describen y analizan distintos enfoques que explican la relación entre las variables agregadas: el crecimiento economico, la productividad y la competitividad de la economia. Se senalan y agrupan las controversias sobre la causalidad desigualdad – crecimiento, y ademas de mostrar un modelo propuesto por Ros (2004 apoyado en el enfoque de la contabilidad del crecimiento (Residuo de Solow, se analizan otros resultados de evidencias econometricas, para finalmente enumerar las deficiencias de la investigacion teorica y de los estudios estadísticos y econometricos de tales interrelaciones y sus determinantes. Igualmente, el escrito es prolijo en la descripcion y analisis de los distintos enfoques y modelos sobre la competitividad de las naciones, desagregando el conjunto de variables que son consideradas por las instituciones de mayor reconocimiento en el tratamiento del tema -CEPAL, FORO ECONOMICO MUNDIAL- para evaluar la evolucion de la competitividad estructural, sistemica y global de las economias. Luego de trasegar por una gama de posturas que le son inherentes al tema, se concluye la falta de contundencia de los enfoques teoricos y las pocas evidencias empiricas sobre las relaciones entre el crecimiento economico, la desigualdad, la pobreza y la competitividad

Determinantes de la estructura de capital en la pequeña y mediana empresa familiar en México

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José García Berumen González

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo examina los determinantes internos que influyen en la estructura de capital de las pequeñas y medianas empresas familiares en México (Pymef. Se sugiere que el tamaño y la antigüedad de la empresa, la formalidad en la planeación administrativa y estratégica, la actitud hacia el control familiar y la edad del director influyen en las decisiones del tipo de fuentes de financiamiento por utilizar. A través de un análisis de trayectorias se validan estadísticamente varias hipótesis tomando como base una muestra de 240 Pymef mexicanas. Los resultados indican relaciones significativas entre tamaño y deuda, así como entre edad del director, capital social y utilidades acumuladas. Asimismo, aplicando el análisis por sector de actividad y por tamaño, se encontró evidencia empírica sobre las influencias entre el tamaño de la empresa y el capital social, así como la formalidad de la planeación administrativa y estratégica con la deuda. Los resultados sugieren líneas de investigación de las Pymef mexicanas.

The (n, $\\gamma$) reaction in the s-process branching point $^{59}$Ni

CERN Multimedia

We propose to measure the $^{59}$Ni(n,$\\gamma$)$^{56}$Fe cross section at the neutron time of flight (n TOF) facility with a dedicated chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond detector. The (n, ) reaction in the radioactive $^{59}$Ni is of relevance in nuclear astrophysics as it can be seen as a rst branching point in the astrophysical s-process. Its relevance in nuclear technology is especially related to material embrittlement in stainless steel. There is a strong discrepancy between available experimental data and the evaluated nuclear data les for this isotope. The aim of the measurement is to clarify this disagreement. The clear energy separation of the reaction products of neutron induced reactions in $^{59}$Ni makes it a very suitable candidate for a rst cross section measurement with the CVD diamond detector, which should serve in the future for similar measurements at n_TOF.

Nuclear structure and weak rates of heavy waiting point nuclei under rp-process conditions

Science.gov (United States)

Nabi, Jameel-Un; Böyükata, Mahmut

2017-01-01

The structure and the weak interaction mediated rates of the heavy waiting point (WP) nuclei 80Zr, 84Mo, 88Ru, 92Pd and 96Cd along N = Z line were studied within the interacting boson model-1 (IBM-1) and the proton-neutron quasi-particle random phase approximation (pn-QRPA). The energy levels of the N = Z WP nuclei were calculated by fitting the essential parameters of IBM-1 Hamiltonian and their geometric shapes were predicted by plotting potential energy surfaces (PESs). Half-lives, continuum electron capture rates, positron decay rates, electron capture cross sections of WP nuclei, energy rates of β-delayed protons and their emission probabilities were later calculated using the pn-QRPA. The calculated Gamow-Teller strength distributions were compared with previous calculation. We present positron decay and continuum electron capture rates on these WP nuclei under rp-process conditions using the same model. For the rp-process conditions, the calculated total weak rates are twice the Skyrme HF+BCS+QRPA rates for 80Zr. For remaining nuclei the two calculations compare well. The electron capture rates are significant and compete well with the corresponding positron decay rates under rp-process conditions. The finding of the present study supports that electron capture rates form an integral part of the weak rates under rp-process conditions and has an important role for the nuclear model calculations.

On statistical analysis of compound point process

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Volf, Petr

2006-01-01

Roč. 35, 2-3 (2006), s. 389-396 ISSN 1026-597X R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GA402/04/1294 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z10750506 Keywords : counting process * compound process * hazard function * Cox -model Subject RIV: BB - Applied Statistics, Operational Research

Can the Hazard Assessment and Critical Control Points (HACCP) system be used to design process-based hygiene concepts?

Science.gov (United States)

Hübner, N-O; Fleßa, S; Haak, J; Wilke, F; Hübner, C; Dahms, C; Hoffmann, W; Kramer, A

2011-01-01

Recently, the HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points) concept was proposed as possible way to implement process-based hygiene concepts in clinical practice, but the extent to which this food safety concept can be transferred into the health care setting is unclear. We therefore discuss possible ways for a translation of the principles of the HACCP for health care settings. While a direct implementation of food processing concepts into health care is not very likely to be feasible and will probably not readily yield the intended results, the underlying principles of process-orientation, in-process safety control and hazard analysis based counter measures are transferable to clinical settings. In model projects the proposed concepts should be implemented, monitored, and evaluated under real world conditions.

Factores determinantes en la comunicación de los procesos de innovación docente : aplicación en los centros de Enseñanza Secundaria Públicos de la Región de Murcia

OpenAIRE

Hernández Gómez, Elena

2015-01-01

El presente trabajo de investigación pretende encontrar los factores determinantes de la comunicación en los procesos de innovación docente en los centros de enseñanza secundaria de la Región de Murcia. Además, pretende establecer las relaciones existentes entre las estrategias comunicativas utilizadas y los agentes que favorecen la innovación educativa en los centros y la incorporación efectiva de proyectos o programas de innovación a la práctica organizativa y curricular en los centros ed...

Determinantes del uso de los servicios de salud materna en el Litoral Pacífico Colombiano

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luis Fernando Aguado Quintero

2007-01-01

Full Text Available En el presente artículo analizamos determinantes (individuales y de contexto que inciden en el uso de servicios de atención en salud por parte de las madres, antes, durante y después del parto, en el Litoral Pacífico Colombiano. Para este objetivo construimos indicadores estadísticos y estimamos modelos de regresión binaria a partir de microdatos de la Encuesta Nacional de Demografía y Salud 2005 y del Registro Especial de Prestadores de Servicios de Salud del Ministerio de la Protección Social de Colombia. Los indicadores calculados y los modelos estimados muestran que las variables que más inciden en el uso —por parte de las madres— de los servicios de atención prenatal calificada, parto institucional y atención posparto son, en orden de importancia: la afiliación a un régimen de seguridad social en salud, el orden de nacimiento de los hijos e hijas, el nivel de educación y el lugar de residencia de la madre. De otra parte, se hace visible en este trabajo la profunda inequidad territorial que exhibe el litoral pacífico colombiano, cuando se analiza en forma específica su situación frente al promedio nacional en cuanto a la provisión y acceso a servicios sociales básicos.

Determinantes del uso de los servicios de salud materna en el Litoral Pacífico Colombiano

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luis Fernando Aguado Quintero

2007-05-01

Full Text Available En el presente artículo analizamos determinantes (individuales y de contexto que inciden en el uso de servicios de atención en salud por parte de las madres, antes, durante y después del parto, en el Litoral Pacífico Colombiano. Para este objetivo construimos indicadores estadísticos y estimamos modelos de regresión binaria a partir de microdatos de la Encuesta Nacional de Demografía y Salud 2005 y del Registro Especial de Prestadores de Servicios de Salud del Ministerio de la Protección Social de Colombia. Los indicadores calculados y los modelos estimados muestran que las variables que más inciden en el uso —por parte de las madres— de los servicios de atención prenatal calificada, parto institucional y atención posparto son, en orden de importancia: la afiliación a un régimen de seguridad social en salud, el orden de nacimiento de los hijos e hijas, el nivel de educación y el lugar de residencia de la madre. De otra parte, se hace visible en este trabajo la profunda inequidad territorial que exhibe el litoral pacífico colombiano, cuando se analiza en forma específica su situación frente al promedio nacional en cuanto a la provisión y acceso a servicios sociales básicos.

Beginning SharePoint 2010 Development

CERN Document Server

Fox, Steve

2010-01-01

Discover how to take advantage of the many new features in SharePoint 2010. SharePoint provides content management (enterprise content management, Web content management, records management, and more), workflow, and social media features, and the new version boasts enhanced capabilities. This introductory-level book walks you through the process of learning, developing, and deploying SharePoint 2010 solutions. You'll leverage your existing skills and tools to grasp the fundamental programming concepts and practices of SharePoint 2010. The author clearly explains how to develop your first appli

Critical point analysis of phase envelope diagram

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Soetikno, Darmadi; Siagian, Ucok W. R.; Kusdiantara, Rudy; Puspita, Dila; Sidarto, Kuntjoro A.; Soewono, Edy; Gunawan, Agus Y.

2014-01-01

Phase diagram or phase envelope is a relation between temperature and pressure that shows the condition of equilibria between the different phases of chemical compounds, mixture of compounds, and solutions. Phase diagram is an important issue in chemical thermodynamics and hydrocarbon reservoir. It is very useful for process simulation, hydrocarbon reactor design, and petroleum engineering studies. It is constructed from the bubble line, dew line, and critical point. Bubble line and dew line are composed of bubble points and dew points, respectively. Bubble point is the first point at which the gas is formed when a liquid is heated. Meanwhile, dew point is the first point where the liquid is formed when the gas is cooled. Critical point is the point where all of the properties of gases and liquids are equal, such as temperature, pressure, amount of substance, and others. Critical point is very useful in fuel processing and dissolution of certain chemicals. Here in this paper, we will show the critical point analytically. Then, it will be compared with numerical calculations of Peng-Robinson equation by using Newton-Raphson method. As case studies, several hydrocarbon mixtures are simulated using by Matlab

Critical point analysis of phase envelope diagram

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Soetikno, Darmadi; Siagian, Ucok W. R. [Department of Petroleum Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132 (Indonesia); Kusdiantara, Rudy, E-mail: rkusdiantara@s.itb.ac.id; Puspita, Dila, E-mail: rkusdiantara@s.itb.ac.id; Sidarto, Kuntjoro A., E-mail: rkusdiantara@s.itb.ac.id; Soewono, Edy; Gunawan, Agus Y. [Department of Mathematics, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132 (Indonesia)

2014-03-24

Phase diagram or phase envelope is a relation between temperature and pressure that shows the condition of equilibria between the different phases of chemical compounds, mixture of compounds, and solutions. Phase diagram is an important issue in chemical thermodynamics and hydrocarbon reservoir. It is very useful for process simulation, hydrocarbon reactor design, and petroleum engineering studies. It is constructed from the bubble line, dew line, and critical point. Bubble line and dew line are composed of bubble points and dew points, respectively. Bubble point is the first point at which the gas is formed when a liquid is heated. Meanwhile, dew point is the first point where the liquid is formed when the gas is cooled. Critical point is the point where all of the properties of gases and liquids are equal, such as temperature, pressure, amount of substance, and others. Critical point is very useful in fuel processing and dissolution of certain chemicals. Here in this paper, we will show the critical point analytically. Then, it will be compared with numerical calculations of Peng-Robinson equation by using Newton-Raphson method. As case studies, several hydrocarbon mixtures are simulated using by Matlab.

Implicancias ecológicas de la priorización económica en el paisaje cultural. Determinante de orden y sustentabilidad

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Diego Subercaseaux-Ugarte

2013-01-01

Full Text Available La aproximación sistémica y la transdisciplinariedad son fundamentales para tratar la situación ecológica-territorial actual. El paisaje cultural corresponde a un objeto de estudio epistemológicamente adecuado ante la problemática de la sustentabilidad. La racionalidad económica prioriza la maximización del lucro económico frente al diseño del paisaje cultural (dimensión económica. Se definen 16 principios propios del determinante de orden económico, donde se identifican sus efectos en la estructura del paisaje y las consecuencias ecológicas. Sucede una disminución de la conectividad y de la diversidad ecológica del paisaje cultural, de su potencial de resiliencia y restauración, un desacoplamiento entre la autopoiesis y la adaptación, y así una disminución de su adaptabilidad ecológica. Esto finalmente genera una insustentabilidad de los servicios ecológicos vitales para nuestra sociedad.

Predicting seizures in untreated temporal lobe epilepsy using point-process nonlinear models of heartbeat dynamics.

Science.gov (United States)

Valenza, G; Romigi, A; Citi, L; Placidi, F; Izzi, F; Albanese, M; Scilingo, E P; Marciani, M G; Duggento, A; Guerrisi, M; Toschi, N; Barbieri, R

2016-08-01

Symptoms of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) are frequently associated with autonomic dysregulation, whose underlying biological processes are thought to strongly contribute to sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). While abnormal cardiovascular patterns commonly occur during ictal events, putative patterns of autonomic cardiac effects during pre-ictal (PRE) periods (i.e. periods preceding seizures) are still unknown. In this study, we investigated TLE-related heart rate variability (HRV) through instantaneous, nonlinear estimates of cardiovascular oscillations during inter-ictal (INT) and PRE periods. ECG recordings from 12 patients with TLE were processed to extract standard HRV indices, as well as indices of instantaneous HRV complexity (dominant Lyapunov exponent and entropy) and higher-order statistics (bispectra) obtained through definition of inhomogeneous point-process nonlinear models, employing Volterra-Laguerre expansions of linear, quadratic, and cubic kernels. Experimental results demonstrate that the best INT vs. PRE classification performance (balanced accuracy: 73.91%) was achieved only when retaining the time-varying, nonlinear, and non-stationary structure of heartbeat dynamical features. The proposed approach opens novel important avenues in predicting ictal events using information gathered from cardiovascular signals exclusively.

Los impuestos como determinantes de la inversión empresarial. Evidencia empírica en empresas españolas que no cotizan en bolsa

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Monterrey Mayoral

2017-07-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se analiza si el deseo de evitar pagos fiscales futuros, calculados en términos de impuestos diferidos netos que se registran en los balances generales de las empresas, podría erigirse, junto con los factores explicativos documentados en la bibliografía anterior, como un determinante de la inversión empresarial. Nuestro análisis empírico aporta resultados sólidos que dejan constancia de que los pagos fiscales futuros son una motivación adicional para adoptar decisiones de inversión. No obstante, nuestros hallazgos también ponen de manifiesto que, hasta cierto punto, las motivaciones de carácter tributario podrían explicar situaciones de sobreinversión, si bien la evidencia que se ha obtenido de dichos episodios muestra una moderada significación estadística.

Observation and investigation of a dynamic inflection point in current-voltage curves for roll-to-roll processed polymer photovoltaics

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Medford, Andrew James; Lilliedal, Mathilde Raad

2010-01-01

Inflection point behaviour is often observed in the current-voltage (IV) curve of polymer and organic solar cells. This phenomenon is examined in the context of flexible roll-to-roll (R2R) processed polymer solar cells in a large series of devices with a layer structure of: PET-ITO-ZnO-P3HT...... of this “photo-annealing” behaviour was further investigated by studying the effects of several key factors: temperature, illumination, and atmosphere. The results consistently showed that the inflection point is a dynamic interface phenomenon which can be removed under specific conditions. Subsequently...

On the diffusion process of irradiation-induced point defects in the stress field of a moving dislocation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Steinbach, E.

1987-01-01

The cellular model of a dislocation is used for an investigation of the time-dependent diffusion process of irradiation-induced point defects interacting with the stress field of a moving dislocation. An analytic solution is given taking into account the elastic interaction due to the first-order size effect and the stress-induced interaction, the kinematic interaction due to the dislocation motion as well as the presence of secondary neutral sinks. The results for the space and time-dependent point defect concentration, represented in terms of Mathieu-Bessel and Mathieu-Hankel functions, emphasize the influence of the parameters which have been taken into consideration. Proceeding from these solutions, formulae for the diffusion flux reaching unit length of the dislocation, which plays an important role with regard to void swelling and irradiation-induced creep, are derived

Process of extracting oil from stones and sands. [heating below cracking temperature and above boiling point of oil

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bergfeld, K

1935-03-09

A process of extracting oil from stones or sands bearing oils is characterized by the stones and sands being heated in a suitable furnace to a temperature below that of cracking and preferably slightly higher than the boiling-point of the oils. The oily vapors are removed from the treating chamber by means of flushing gas.

Radial Basis Functional Model of Multi-Point Dieless Forming Process for Springback Reduction and Compensation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Misganaw Abebe

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Springback in multi-point dieless forming (MDF is a common problem because of the small deformation and blank holder free boundary condition. Numerical simulations are widely used in sheet metal forming to predict the springback. However, the computational time in using the numerical tools is time costly to find the optimal process parameters value. This study proposes radial basis function (RBF to replace the numerical simulation model by using statistical analyses that are based on a design of experiment (DOE. Punch holding time, blank thickness, and curvature radius are chosen as effective process parameters for determining the springback. The Latin hypercube DOE method facilitates statistical analyses and the extraction of a prediction model in the experimental process parameter domain. Finite element (FE simulation model is conducted in the ABAQUS commercial software to generate the springback responses of the training and testing samples. The genetic algorithm is applied to find the optimal value for reducing and compensating the induced springback for the different blank thicknesses using the developed RBF prediction model. Finally, the RBF numerical result is verified by comparing with the FE simulation result of the optimal process parameters and both results show that the springback is almost negligible from the target shape.

Determinantes de la felicidad en los administradores: una investigación realizada en las farmacias del Grupo Difare en Ecuador

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Pablo López

2016-02-01

Full Text Available El bienestar subjetivo es un indicador de la felicidad y de la calidad de vida de los individuos. Refleja la experiencia de los seres humanos de acuerdo a condiciones de vida como buenas relaciones sociales, prosperidad económica y salud. Las personas felices tienden a ser más saludables, mejores ciudadanos y empleados más productivos. En esta investigación se aborda la teoría y los diversos estudios que analizan diferentes determinantes de la felicidad. Se toma como terreno de campo al Grupo Difare, una cadena de retail farmacéutico en Ecuador. Se realizó una encuesta que permitió determinar el nivel de bienestar subjetivo y de otros nueve indicadores: 1 bienestar psicológico, 2 felicidad laboral, 3 espiritualidad, 4 salud, 5 apoyo social, 6 afectos positivos, 7 bienestar material, 8 balance trabajo-vida y 9 acceso a educación, cultura y recreación. Se evidencia, como resultado, qué dominios afectan más la felicidad de los trabajadores y se sugiere en cuáles se debería trabajar más.

Uso de los blogs políticos: análisis de algunos factores determinantes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

De Marco, Stefano

2012-08-01

Full Text Available This paper aims to explore the factors that lead an Internet user to type comments on a political blog in more detail. Specifically, we sought to find out what political variables influence this behaviour and what uses of the Internet seem to favour it. We also studied the effect of a number of socio-demographic control variables. To do this, we used the data from the 2007 survey on “The Internet and political participation” (ref. 2736, run by the Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas. We began with an exploratory factor analysis, which was followed by a logistic regression. In order to exclude influences on the model due to the first-level of digital divide, the sample chosen for the analysis comprised Spanish Internet Users.

Objetivo de este trabajo es avanzar en la comprensión de los determinantes que hacen que un internauta escriba comentarios en un blog político. Más en concreto, se ha decidido averiguar qué variables políticas influyen sobre este comportamiento y qué usos de Internet parecen favorecerlo. También se ha estudiado el efecto de algunas variables socio-demográficas de control. Para ello, se han utilizado los datos del estudio de 2007 “Internet y participación política” (ref. 2736 del Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas. Se ha implementado un análisis factorial exploratorio y, en un segundo momento, una regresión logística. La muestra elegida para el análisis ha coincido con los internautas españoles, para así descartar influencias en el modelo debidas a la brecha digital de primer nivel.

Determinantes políticos do déficit fiscal nos estados brasileiros (1987-1997

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cristiane Batista

2010-02-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do trabalho é analisar os determinantes do balanço fiscal nos estados brasileiros em um período de grande instabilidade da economia do país: as décadas de 1980 e 1990. O argumento principal do trabalho postula que, mesmo em um contexto de ajuste fiscal, fatores ligados à inclinação ideológica do chefe do poder Executivo estadual, à capacidade decisória do poder Legislativo nesse nível de governo, bem como a relação entre estados e governo federal são parâmetros fundamentais para o entendimento da situação fiscal da federação brasileira. A metodologia empregada para verificar o modelo teórico corresponde à análise econométrica de painel, também conhecida como séries agregadas (em inglês: pooled time series - cross section analysis, que nos permite considerar concomitantemente a dimensão espaço (estados e a dimensão tempo (ano. Na estimação dos parâmetros do modelo, seguimos o método "panel corrected standard error" (OLS com erro padrão corrigido, sugerido por Beck e Katz para análises de painel de dimensões similares às do presente trabalho. Nossos resultados corroboram a previsão da importância de se considerar as subunidades da federação. As análises que buscam explicar o desempenho da administração macroeconômica nacional não podem deixar de levar em conta a relevância das instituições subnacionais e seu impacto na estrutura de incentivos dos atores envolvidos nos processos decisórios.

Pseudo-dynamic source modelling with 1-point and 2-point statistics of earthquake source parameters

KAUST Repository

Song, S. G.

2013-12-24

Ground motion prediction is an essential element in seismic hazard and risk analysis. Empirical ground motion prediction approaches have been widely used in the community, but efficient simulation-based ground motion prediction methods are needed to complement empirical approaches, especially in the regions with limited data constraints. Recently, dynamic rupture modelling has been successfully adopted in physics-based source and ground motion modelling, but it is still computationally demanding and many input parameters are not well constrained by observational data. Pseudo-dynamic source modelling keeps the form of kinematic modelling with its computational efficiency, but also tries to emulate the physics of source process. In this paper, we develop a statistical framework that governs the finite-fault rupture process with 1-point and 2-point statistics of source parameters in order to quantify the variability of finite source models for future scenario events. We test this method by extracting 1-point and 2-point statistics from dynamically derived source models and simulating a number of rupture scenarios, given target 1-point and 2-point statistics. We propose a new rupture model generator for stochastic source modelling with the covariance matrix constructed from target 2-point statistics, that is, auto- and cross-correlations. Our sensitivity analysis of near-source ground motions to 1-point and 2-point statistics of source parameters provides insights into relations between statistical rupture properties and ground motions. We observe that larger standard deviation and stronger correlation produce stronger peak ground motions in general. The proposed new source modelling approach will contribute to understanding the effect of earthquake source on near-source ground motion characteristics in a more quantitative and systematic way.

Moving window segmentation framework for point clouds

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Sithole, G.; Gorte, B.G.H.

2012-01-01

As lidar point clouds become larger streamed processing becomes more attractive. This paper presents a framework for the streamed segmentation of point clouds with the intention of segmenting unstructured point clouds in real-time. The framework is composed of two main components. The first

Smooth random change point models.

Science.gov (United States)

van den Hout, Ardo; Muniz-Terrera, Graciela; Matthews, Fiona E

2011-03-15

Change point models are used to describe processes over time that show a change in direction. An example of such a process is cognitive ability, where a decline a few years before death is sometimes observed. A broken-stick model consists of two linear parts and a breakpoint where the two lines intersect. Alternatively, models can be formulated that imply a smooth change between the two linear parts. Change point models can be extended by adding random effects to account for variability between subjects. A new smooth change point model is introduced and examples are presented that show how change point models can be estimated using functions in R for mixed-effects models. The Bayesian inference using WinBUGS is also discussed. The methods are illustrated using data from a population-based longitudinal study of ageing, the Cambridge City over 75 Cohort Study. The aim is to identify how many years before death individuals experience a change in the rate of decline of their cognitive ability. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Macrofactores determinantes de la infestación por Aedes aegypti en centros laborales del municipio de Santiago de Cuba

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lino Robert Larrea Aguilera

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Se efectuó un estudio analítico, de casos y controles, de 116 centros laborales del municipio de Santiago de Cuba, durante junio del 2011, para identificar los macrofactores determinantes en los índices de infestación por Aedes aegypti en tanques bajos y elevados, cisternas y otros depósitos de agua sin condiciones de hermeticidad, que se convierten en focos generadores del mosquito. Para ello se seleccionaron 48 instituciones con criaderos (casos y 96 sin estos (2 controles por caso, además de los macrofactores: comportamiento de los trabajadores y la comunidad, agentes medioambientales y organizacionales de la entidad laboral y del Programa Nacional para la Erradicación del Mosquito Aedes aegypti. En la serie los resultados se validaron mediante la oportunidad relativa, el riesgo atribuible en expuesto porcentual y la diferencia de medias, lo cual permitió concluir que el control adecuado de los tanques bajos y elevados no protegidos, el funcionamiento del autofocal laboral, la limpieza y desobstrucción de los tragantes y drenes, de los solares yermos o terrenos enyerbados, así como la elevación de la calidad del trabajo de los operarios A, lograrían reducir la infestación en los centros laborales

Comparison of Clothing Cultures from the View Point of Funeral Procession

OpenAIRE

増田, 美子; 大枝, 近子; 梅谷, 知世; 杉本, 浄; 内村, 理奈

2011-01-01

This study was for its object to research for the look in the funeral ceremony and make the point of the different and common point between the respective cultural spheres of the Buddhism,Hinduism, Islam and Christianity clearly. In the year 21, we tried to grasp the reality of costumes of funeral courtesy in modern times and present-day. And it became clear in the result, Japan, the Buddhist cultural sphere, China and Taiwan, the Buddhism, the Confucianism and the Taoism intermingled cultura...

TOPOLOGY OF RANDOM POINTS YOGESHWARAN. D.

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Balls grow at unit rate centred at the points of the point cloud/ process. ... Idea of persistence : Keep track of births and deaths of topological features. ..... holes, Betti numbers, etc., one will be more interested in the distribution of such objects on ...

Obesidade na adolescência e seus principais fatores determinantes Obesity in adolescence and its main determinants

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carla Cristina Enes

2010-03-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi discutir os principais fatores ambientais determinantes do sobrepeso e da obesidade em adolescentes, fundamentando-se em uma revisão crítica sobre o assunto. Para a revisão do tema foram consultadas as principais bases de dados nacionais e internacionais, entre elas, Medline/Pubmed, Web of Science, SciELO, Lilacs, compreendendo o período de 1975 a 2009. Os descritores e termos MeSH utilizados na busca foram: "sobrepeso", "obesidade", "adolescência", "adolescentes", "atividade física", "ingestão alimentar". Os resultados das pesquisas indicam que as mudanças ocorridas nos padrões alimentares nas últimas décadas, como o aumento do consumo de açúcares simples, alimentos industrializados e ingestão insuficiente de frutas e hortaliças, estão diretamente associadas ao ganho de peso dos adolescentes. Além disso, a redução progressiva da prática de atividade física combinada ao maior tempo dedicado às atividades de baixa intensidade, como assistir televisão, usar computador e jogar videogame, também tem contribuído para o aumento de peso dos jovens. Conclui-se, portanto, que as variáveis relacionadas ao padrão alimentar e de atividade física devem ser priorizadas nas intervenções voltadas para a prevenção da obesidade entre adolescentes.The objective of this paper was to discuss the main environmental factors determining overweight and obesity in adolescents, based on a critical review of the subject. The main national and international health databases, Medline/PubMed, Web of Science, SciELO, and Lilacs were searched including publications from 1975 to 2009. The following key-words and respective MeSH terms were used: "overweight", "obesity", "adolescence", "adolescents", "physical activity", "food intake". The findings showed that changes in dietary patterns in recent decades as the increased consumption of simple sugars, processed foods, and inadequate intake of fruits and vegetables have

Floating-to-Fixed-Point Conversion for Digital Signal Processors

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Menard Daniel

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Digital signal processing applications are specified with floating-point data types but they are usually implemented in embedded systems with fixed-point arithmetic to minimise cost and power consumption. Thus, methodologies which establish automatically the fixed-point specification are required to reduce the application time-to-market. In this paper, a new methodology for the floating-to-fixed point conversion is proposed for software implementations. The aim of our approach is to determine the fixed-point specification which minimises the code execution time for a given accuracy constraint. Compared to previous methodologies, our approach takes into account the DSP architecture to optimise the fixed-point formats and the floating-to-fixed-point conversion process is coupled with the code generation process. The fixed-point data types and the position of the scaling operations are optimised to reduce the code execution time. To evaluate the fixed-point computation accuracy, an analytical approach is used to reduce the optimisation time compared to the existing methods based on simulation. The methodology stages are described and several experiment results are presented to underline the efficiency of this approach.

Floating-to-Fixed-Point Conversion for Digital Signal Processors

Science.gov (United States)

Menard, Daniel; Chillet, Daniel; Sentieys, Olivier

2006-12-01

Digital signal processing applications are specified with floating-point data types but they are usually implemented in embedded systems with fixed-point arithmetic to minimise cost and power consumption. Thus, methodologies which establish automatically the fixed-point specification are required to reduce the application time-to-market. In this paper, a new methodology for the floating-to-fixed point conversion is proposed for software implementations. The aim of our approach is to determine the fixed-point specification which minimises the code execution time for a given accuracy constraint. Compared to previous methodologies, our approach takes into account the DSP architecture to optimise the fixed-point formats and the floating-to-fixed-point conversion process is coupled with the code generation process. The fixed-point data types and the position of the scaling operations are optimised to reduce the code execution time. To evaluate the fixed-point computation accuracy, an analytical approach is used to reduce the optimisation time compared to the existing methods based on simulation. The methodology stages are described and several experiment results are presented to underline the efficiency of this approach.

Continuous quality improvement process pin-points delays, speeds STEMI patients to life-saving treatment.

Science.gov (United States)

2011-11-01

Using a multidisciplinary team approach, the University of California, San Diego, Health System has been able to significantly reduce average door-to-balloon angioplasty times for patients with the most severe form of heart attacks, beating national recommendations by more than a third. The multidisciplinary team meets monthly to review all cases involving patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarctions (STEMI) to see where process improvements can be made. Using this continuous quality improvement (CQI) process, the health system has reduced average door-to-balloon times from 120 minutes to less than 60 minutes, and administrators are now aiming for further progress. Among the improvements instituted by the multidisciplinary team are the implementation of a "greeter" with enough clinical expertise to quickly pick up on potential STEMI heart attacks as soon as patients walk into the ED, and the purchase of an electrocardiogram (EKG) machine so that evaluations can be done in the triage area. ED staff have prepared "STEMI" packets, including items such as special IV tubing and disposable leads, so that patients headed for the catheterization laboratory are prepared to undergo the procedure soon after arrival. All the clocks and devices used in the ED are synchronized so that analysts can later review how long it took to complete each step of the care process. Points of delay can then be targeted for improvement.

Capacidades de investigación sobre determinantes sociales de la salud en Brasil, Colombia y México

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elis Borde

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: analizar las capacidades de investigación sobre determinantes sociales y determinación social de los procesos salud-enfermedad (dss en Brasil, Colombia y México con base en los sistemas nacionales de ciencia, tecnología e innovación (sncti y la producción científica sobre dss (2005- 2012 de cada país. Metodología: se realiza un estudio exploratorio a partir de revisión de literatura, consulta de plataformas nacionales de cada sncti, entrevistas y foros de consulta, contemplando las siguientes categorías de estudio para de analizar las capacidades de: 1. Producción científica, formación de investigadores y políticas relativas a capacidades de investigación; 2. Redes de colaboración; 3. Infraestructura para la investigación y 4. Producción y apropiación social del conocimiento. Resultados y discusión: La investigación sobre dss se divulga principalmente en revistas científicas de circulación nacional, en Brasil y Colombia, mientras que en México se publica principalmente en revistas extranjeras. Los tres países cuentan con sncti consolidados, sin embargo, son escasos los montos de financiamiento para investigación sobre dss. Conclusiones: es necesario articular acciones de fortalecimiento de capacidades de investigación, fortaleciendo redes y posicionando los dss en agendas estratégicas.

Process for structural geologic analysis of topography and point data

Science.gov (United States)

Eliason, Jay R.; Eliason, Valerie L. C.

1987-01-01

A quantitative method of geologic structural analysis of digital terrain data is described for implementation on a computer. Assuming selected valley segments are controlled by the underlying geologic structure, topographic lows in the terrain data, defining valley bottoms, are detected, filtered and accumulated into a series line segments defining contiguous valleys. The line segments are then vectorized to produce vector segments, defining valley segments, which may be indicative of the underlying geologic structure. Coplanar analysis is performed on vector segment pairs to determine which vectors produce planes which represent underlying geologic structure. Point data such as fracture phenomena which can be related to fracture planes in 3-dimensional space can be analyzed to define common plane orientation and locations. The vectors, points, and planes are displayed in various formats for interpretation.

Determinantes de las relaciones reales de intercambio de España con Alemania (1970-2010. Un análisis econométrico de la ventaja absoluta de costo intrasectorial

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fahd Boundi Chraki

2017-07-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo tiene como objeto analizar los determinantes de las relaciones reales de intercambio de España con Alemania, tomando como período 1970-2010. Para tal propósito, se lleva a cabo un análisis de series temporales aplicando pruebas de raíces unitarias y un test de cointegración, siendo el marco teórico de referencia el enfoque de Anwar Shaikh de la ventaja absoluta de costo intrasectorial. Finalmente, el análisis econométrico constata que el tipo de cambio real efectivo entre España y Alemania se encuentra sujeto en el largo plazo a los costos laborales unitarios reales relativos de la industria manufacturera de ambos países.

Factores Determinantes De Conductas Disruptivas Y Su Incidencia En El Aprendizaje Y En Las Relaciones Interpersonales En Los Estudiantes De La Unidad Educativa “Pedro Vicente Maldonado” De La Parroquia Pimocha, Cantón Babahoyo, Provincia Los Ríos.

OpenAIRE

CASTRO VERA, NARCISA

2014-01-01

El trabajo realizado con el tema “Factores determinantes de conductas disruptivas y su incidencia en el aprendizaje y en las relaciones interpersonales en los estudiantes de la Unidad Educativa “Pedro Vicente Maldonado” de la parroquia Pimocha, cantón Babahoyo, provincia Los Ríos” tuvo como objetivo principal analizar la incidencia de la conducta disruptiva en las relaciones interpersonales y el aprendizaje de los estudiantes, el mismo que asumió una metodología de tipo descriptiva y explor...

Concerning the acid dew point in waste gases from combustion processes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Knoche, K.F.; Deutz, W.; Hein, K.; Derichs, W.

1986-09-01

The paper discusses the problems associated with the measurement of acid dew point and of sulphuric acid-(say SO/sub 3/-)concentrations in the flue gas from brown coal-fired boiler plants. The sulphuric acid content in brown coal flue gas has been measured at 0.5 to 3 vpm in SO/sub 2/ concentrations of 200 to 800 vpm. Using a conditional equation, the derivation of which from new formulae for phase stability is described in the paper, an acid dew point temperature of 115 to 125/sup 0/C is produced.

Plasmon point spread functions: How do we model plasmon-mediated emission processes?

Science.gov (United States)

Willets, Katherine A.

2014-02-01

A major challenge with studying plasmon-mediated emission events is the small size of plasmonic nanoparticles relative to the wavelength of light. Objects smaller than roughly half the wavelength of light will appear as diffraction-limited spots in far-field optical images, presenting a significant experimental challenge for studying plasmonic processes on the nanoscale. Super-resolution imaging has recently been applied to plasmonic nanosystems and allows plasmon-mediated emission to be resolved on the order of ˜5 nm. In super-resolution imaging, a diffraction-limited spot is fit to some model function in order to calculate the position of the emission centroid, which represents the location of the emitter. However, the accuracy of the centroid position strongly depends on how well the fitting function describes the data. This Perspective discusses the commonly used two-dimensional Gaussian fitting function applied to super-resolution imaging of plasmon-mediated emission, then introduces an alternative model based on dipole point spread functions. The two fitting models are compared and contrasted for super-resolution imaging of nanoparticle scattering/luminescence, surface-enhanced Raman scattering, and surface-enhanced fluorescence.

Food safety and nutritional quality for the prevention of non communicable diseases: the Nutrient, hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point process (NACCP).

Science.gov (United States)

Di Renzo, Laura; Colica, Carmen; Carraro, Alberto; Cenci Goga, Beniamino; Marsella, Luigi Tonino; Botta, Roberto; Colombo, Maria Laura; Gratteri, Santo; Chang, Ting Fa Margherita; Droli, Maurizio; Sarlo, Francesca; De Lorenzo, Antonino

2015-04-23

The important role of food and nutrition in public health is being increasingly recognized as crucial for its potential impact on health-related quality of life and the economy, both at the societal and individual levels. The prevalence of non-communicable diseases calls for a reformulation of our view of food. The Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) system, first implemented in the EU with the Directive 43/93/CEE, later replaced by Regulation CE 178/2002 and Regulation CE 852/2004, is the internationally agreed approach for food safety control. Our aim is to develop a new procedure for the assessment of the Nutrient, hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (NACCP) process, for total quality management (TMQ), and optimize nutritional levels. NACCP was based on four general principles: i) guarantee of health maintenance; ii) evaluate and assure the nutritional quality of food and TMQ; iii) give correct information to the consumers; iv) ensure an ethical profit. There are three stages for the application of the NACCP process: 1) application of NACCP for quality principles; 2) application of NACCP for health principals; 3) implementation of the NACCP process. The actions are: 1) identification of nutritional markers, which must remain intact throughout the food supply chain; 2) identification of critical control points which must monitored in order to minimize the likelihood of a reduction in quality; 3) establishment of critical limits to maintain adequate levels of nutrient; 4) establishment, and implementation of effective monitoring procedures of critical control points; 5) establishment of corrective actions; 6) identification of metabolic biomarkers; 7) evaluation of the effects of food intake, through the application of specific clinical trials; 8) establishment of procedures for consumer information; 9) implementation of the Health claim Regulation EU 1924/2006; 10) starting a training program. We calculate the risk assessment as follows

Point cloud data management (extended abstract)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Van Oosterom, P.J.M.; Ravada, S.; Horhammer, M.; Martinez Rubi, O.; Ivanova, M.; Kodde, M.; Tijssen, T.P.M.

2014-01-01

Point cloud data are important sources for 3D geo-information. The point cloud data sets are growing in popularity and in size. Modern Big Data acquisition and processing technologies, such as laser scanning from airborne, mobile, or static platforms, dense image matching from photos, multi-beam

Fixed-Point Configurable Hardware Components

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rocher Romuald

2006-01-01

Full Text Available To reduce the gap between the VLSI technology capability and the designer productivity, design reuse based on IP (intellectual properties is commonly used. In terms of arithmetic accuracy, the generated architecture can generally only be configured through the input and output word lengths. In this paper, a new kind of method to optimize fixed-point arithmetic IP has been proposed. The architecture cost is minimized under accuracy constraints defined by the user. Our approach allows exploring the fixed-point search space and the algorithm-level search space to select the optimized structure and fixed-point specification. To significantly reduce the optimization and design times, analytical models are used for the fixed-point optimization process.

Situación de la desnutrición global y los determinantes sociales de la salud en población menor de cinco años del departamento de Boyacá, año 2012

OpenAIRE

González Castañeda, Elisa Jimena

2014-01-01

La desnutrición infantil es un obstáculo que impide que los individuos e incluso las sociedades desarrollen todo su potencial, los estragos que provoca la desnutrición que se padece en la infancia son los más lamentados por una sociedad, ya que en esta etapa el mayor impacto lo sufre el cerebro del menor. Lo anterior muestra la importancia de conocer la relación de los determinantes sociales de la salud con el padecimiento de la desnutrición global en menores de 5 años del depa...

MOVING WINDOW SEGMENTATION FRAMEWORK FOR POINT CLOUDS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

G. Sithole

2012-07-01

Full Text Available As lidar point clouds become larger streamed processing becomes more attractive. This paper presents a framework for the streamed segmentation of point clouds with the intention of segmenting unstructured point clouds in real-time. The framework is composed of two main components. The first component segments points within a window shifting over the point cloud. The second component stitches the segments within the windows together. In this fashion a point cloud can be streamed through these two components in sequence, thus producing a segmentation. The algorithm has been tested on airborne lidar point cloud and some results of the performance of the framework are presented.