Funciones Orbitofrontales en pacientes con Demencia tipo Alzheimer

OpenAIRE

Solórzano Jiménez, Luis Mariano

2016-01-01

[ES] La DTA se caracteriza por el deterioro progresivo de la memoria y de otras áreas de la función cognitiva, tal es el caso de las funciones ejecutivas (FE), propias de la corteza prefrontal (CPF) y relacionadas con la autorregulación del comportamiento. De esta forma, los procesos asociados a las FE pueden ser de índole cognitivo (memoria de trabajo, razonamiento, resolución de problemas, planificación, secuenciación, atención sostenida, resistencia a la interferencia, utilización de feedb...

PREJUÍZOS COGNITIVOS EM IDOSOS COM DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 2

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Regina Maria Fernandes Lopes

2009-01-01

Full Text Available El avance en las condiciones de salud propicia el progresivo aumento de la esperanza de vida. Estudios han identificado la existencia de una conexión entre la Diabetes Mellitus (DM y demencia. La hiperglicemia podría ser un factor importante en la incidencia de la enfermedad de Azheimer, la cual puede ser una causa secundaria de demencia. La diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2 está asociada con déficits cognitivos y funcionales, y el WCST es una de las herramientas que puede ser utilizada para evaluar funcionamiento ejecutivo. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los déficits cognitivos de ancianos con diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Los participantes fueron 254 ancianos de ambos sexos, mayores de 60 años; 44 de ellos diagnosticados de DM2 y 210 en un grupo control de población general. El diseño fue un estudio cuantitativo transversal. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron: datos sociodemográficos, WCST, MMSE, BDI, BAI, GD, junto a las Sub pruebas de: Vocabulario, códigos, números y Cubos del WAIS-III. Los resultados mostraron una diferencia significativa en el desempeño de los ancianos con diabetes tipo 2 en comparación con el grupo control en cuatro descriptores de WCST que indicaban un deterioro. Igualmente los ancianos con diabetes tipo 2 mostraron una intensidad de síntomas depresivos y de ansiedad estadísticamente mayor que el grupo control

Intimidad, sexualidad, demencias. La relación subjetiva con el trabajo de cuidado en contextos desestabilizantes

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Natacha Borgeaud-Garciandía

2016-01-01

El presente artículo se centra en el trabajo de cuidado domiciliario en contextos que suponen la confrontación de las cuidadoras con elementos perturbadores y potencialmente desestabilizantes: la intimidad, la sexualidad y la demencia senil de adultos mayores muy dependientes. Proviene de una investigación en sociología cualitativa en la cual se llevaron a cabo entrevistas biográficas de tipo “historias de vida” con cuidadoras. Apoyándonos en las nociones de “trabajo sucio”, “trabajo emociona...

OCUPACIÓN LABORAL Y RIESGO DE DETERIORO COGNITIVO Y DEMENCIA EN PERSONAS MAYORES DE 55 AÑOS: UNA REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA

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Ana Cristina Gracia Rebled

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Fundamentos: El deterioro cognitivo y la demencia son dos problemas de salud con elevada prevalencia en población mayor. Es importante identificar los factores de riesgo potencialmente modificables asociados. La ocupación laboral podría ser un factor que influye en la demencia. El objetivo fue analizar la asociación entre la ocupación principal desarrollada a lo largo de la vida con el deterioro cognitivo y la demencia en personas mayores. Métodos: Revisión sistemática de la literatura desde 1990 y marzo de 2014 para identificar la asociación entre ocupación y deterioro cognitivo evaluado por el Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE. La búsqueda se realizó en las bases de datos Web of Knowledge, Pubmed, Medline, ISI Web of Science, Science Direct, CocINDEX with Full Text, SPORTDiscus with Full Text, Dialnet Plus, Education Resources Information Center, GreenFile, Journal Storage y The Cochrane Library. Criterios de inclusión: artículos publicados entre 1990 y marzo de 2014 que utilizaran el MMSE para valorar el rendimiento cognitivo en población mayor de 55 años y que incluyeran la ocupación como variable de estudio así como la existencia de deterioro cognitivo o demencia, escritos en castellano, inglés o francés. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 18 artículos. Cinco estudios transversales y seis longitudinales analizaron la asociación entre ocupación y deterioro cognitivo; dos transversales y ocho longitudinales estudiaron la asociación entre demencia y ocupación. El 67% identificaron que había relación entre el tipo de trabajo y el rendimiento cognitivo en la edad adulta. Conclusiones: Las personas con una actividad laboral predominantemente manual a lo largo de la vida tienen mayor riesgo de padecer deterioro cognitivo y/o demencia que aquellas que tienen ocupaciones con mayor requerimiento intelectual.

Estigma hacia la demencia: una revisión

OpenAIRE

Mascayano, F.

2015-01-01

La demencia, hoy denominada trastorno neurocognitivo mayor en el DSM-V, es una prioridad para la salud pública debido a su creciente prevalencia y alto impacto individual social. El estigma, es decir, la devaluación y exclusión social que vive un individuo producto de una característica, atributo o comportamiento; es un fenómeno colectivo vinculado a esta condición, el cual impacta en la calidad de vida de las personas con demencia y sus entornos familiares que usualmente brindan apoyo, y ha ...

Impacto fisiológico de la musicoterapia en la depresión, ansiedad, y bienestar del paciente con demencia tipo Alzheimer. Valoración de la utilización de cuestionarios para cuantificarlo

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José Enrique de la Rubia Ortí

2014-08-01

Full Text Available La enfermedad de Alzheimer se ha convertido en una de las dolencias más prevalentes y que más preocupa en nuestra sociedad por el impacto que genera tanto en el paciente como en familiares y cuidadores. Debido en gran medida a que los tratamientos farmacológicos no son a día de hoy curativos de esta demencia, nos planteamos terapias alternativas que mejoren todos los parámetros de la enfermedad. En este sentido, se conoce la relación directa entre el estrés crónico que sufre el individuo en los últimos años de su vida, y la aparición de los primeros síntomas de la enfermedad destacando la depresión, ansiedad y tristeza. Y al pensar en los extraordinarios beneficios que tiene la música, nos planteamos valorar el impacto que tendría la musicoterapia en estos síntomas. Para ello, realizamos una intervención corta aplicando un protocolo estandarizado por nosotros. Paralelamente, realizamos cuestionarios estandarizados que miden la depresión y la ansiedad relacionadas con el estrés, y la felicidad relacionada con el bienestar, antes y después de la intervención, pudiendo valorar si hay mejoría, y si el empleo de los cuestionarios es adecuado para cuantificarla. Los resultados obtenidos muestran una gran mejora en los pacientes en relación a estos síntomas, pudiendo considerar por tanto a la musicoterapia como una herramienta terapéutica muy eficaz para disminuir el estrés de estos pacientes.

COORDINACIÓN SOCIOSANITARIA Y EVALUACIÓN INTEGRAL EN DEMENCIAS: EL ROL DE LAS ASOCIACIONES DE FAMILIARES DE ENFERMOS DE ALZHEIMER

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María Eugenia Domínguez Orozco

2013-05-01

Full Text Available La coordinación de servicios sociales y sanitarios en España es una labor que recientemente ha comenzado a desarrollarse. La adecuación de las demencias en la valoración de la dependencia es una de las cuestiones que se analiza en este artículo, donde se reflexiona sobre la aportación de las asociaciones de familiares en el proceso diagnóstico, la atención asistencial y la provisión de servicios y/o recursos. Se presenta un protocolo de evaluación general para el diagnóstico de demencia y analizaremos la relevancia de la detección temprana de estadios iniciales como el deterioro cognitivo leve. Los profesionales psicólogos podrían ser considerados como agentes facilitadores para los “gestores de casos” en el proceso de las valoraciones y la adjudicación de los servicios.

Evaluación de la prueba del reloj en el tamizaje de enfermedad de Alzheimer

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Teodoro Oscanoa

2004-03-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Examinar la capacidad discriminativa de la prueba del reloj con 10 puntos en el tamizaje de trastorno cognoscitivo por enfermedad de Alzheimer. Material y Métodos: Evaluación de una prueba diagnóstica mediante estudio de pacientes con y sin enfermedad de Alzheimer, provenientes del Consultorio Externo del Servicio de Geriatría del Hospital Almenara, Lima, Perú. Participaron 31 pacientes (10 varones y 21 mujeres con enfermedad de Alzheimer y 31 pacientes sin esta enfermedad (21 varones y 10 mujeres. A ambos grupos se les realizó el prueba del reloj. No hubo diferencia significativa entre la edad y grado de instrucción de ambos grupos. La gravedad de la demencia según el Clinical Dementia Ratio de Hughes fue leve en 10 (32,3%, moderada 12 (38,7% y severa en 9 (29%. Resultados: Considerando como punto de corte un valor de 6 en la prueba del reloj, se encontró una sensibilidad de 83,9%, especificidad 93,5%, valor predictivo positivo 92,9 y valor predictivo negativo 85,3%. Conclusión: La prueba del reloj parece ser un examen simple y efectivo para la evaluación inicial de trastornos cognitivos en pacientes adultos mayores con sospecha de demencia por enfermedad de Alzheimer.

NEUROPATOLOGÿA DE LAS DEMENCIAS NEURODEGENERATIVAS

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Dra. Paulina Arriagada B.

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Las demencias neurodegenerativas se caracterizan por la pérdida selectiva y progresiva de poblaciones neuronales vulnerables, lo que determina la presentación clínica de éstas. La misma población neuronal puede comprometerse en diferentes enfermedades. Dado que la presentación clínica refleja las neuronas vulnerables del proceso patológico subyacente, es claro que más de una enfermedad puede dar cuenta de un síndrome clínico determinado. Estas enfermedades comparten como mecanismo patogénico la acumulación de agregados proteicos, a menudo asociado con toxicidad y una falla del clearence por vías de degradación celular. Para el propósito de esta breve revisión, se presentan los aspectos neuropatológicos más relevantes de las demencias degenerativas, de acuerdo a la clasificación clínica y la patología molecular subyacente.

Relación entre la memoria auditiva y el rendimiento neuropsicológico en pacientes de la tercera edad atendidos en el Centro Geriátrico y Gerontológico de la FAP

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Infantes Portilla, Igor Edmundo Martín

2017-01-01

Determina la relación entre la memoria auditiva y el rendimiento neuropsicológico en pacientes de la tercera edad atendidos en el Centro Geriátrico y Gerontológico de la FAP. La investigación es de tipo correlacional, con diseño descriptivo correlacional. La muestra de estudio quedó constituida por 212 historias clínicas de pacientes adultos mayores que fueron evaluados y diagnosticados como pacientes sin alteración cognitiva y con demencia: tipo Alzheimer, vascular y mixta, entre los años 20...

Patogenia y tratamientos actuales de la enfermedad de Alzheimer

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Marco J Albert Cabrera

Full Text Available El Alzheimer es una enfermedad neurodegenerativa que se manifiesta como deterioro cognitivo y trastornos conductuales. En Cuba, junto a la demencia, ocupa el lugar número 6 en el cuadro de principales causas de muerte. No hay tratamiento eficaz para detener la progresión del Alzheimer. Sin embargo, algunas terapias detienen o ralentizan temporalmente el deterioro cognitivo, funcional y conductual de la enfermedad. En el trabajo se presenta una revisión actualizada a partir de la base de datos MEDLINE (2008-2013 sobre los mecanismos patológicos y los medicamentos usados en el tratamiento de los pacientes con la referida afección.

Demencia: estados preclínicos y mortalidad en cohortes suecas

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García Ptacek, Sara

2016-01-01

El aumento de la esperanza de vida de la población ha elevado exponencialmente la prevalencia de las demencias. Los estadios preclínicos de las enfermedades neurodegenerativas pueden durar años y la supervivencia tras el diagnóstico es variable. El objetivo de esta tesis es doble, primero, contribuir a la caracterización de los pacientes con deterioro cognitivo ligero (DCL) y quejas cognitivas subjetivas (QCS) que podrían estar en un estadio pre-demencia de la EA. Segundo, identificar qué fac...

leve a moderada

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Luis Felipe Zapata

2008-01-01

Full Text Available La Demencia Tipo Alzheimer (DTA representa un 70% del total de demencias que afectan a las personas de edad avanzada. Es una enfermedad neurodegenerativa que ocasiona un significativo deterioro cognitivo en los pacientes e implica una incapacidad progresiva para el adecuado funcionamiento en la vida diaria. Los estudios han tenido como eje el deterioro cognitivo, principalmente los procesos de memoria que son los más dramáticos. Sólo en años recientes se ha empezado a investigar el deterioro que puede causar la enfermedad a otros niveles como en el reconocimiento de las expresiones faciales emocionales. El objetivo de la presente investigación es analizar el reconocimiento de la expresión facial emocional en pacientes con DTA frente a personas sanas y determinar si se presentan alteraciones en este tipo de reconocimiento en los pacientes con dicha demencia. PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: se conformaron dos grupos. Uno de 22 pacientes con DTA leves y moderados y otro grupo de 22 personas sin demencia. Se aplicó el MMSE para el diagnóstico del grado de severidad de la demencia y la prueba de rostros Pofa Kit de Paul Ekman para la evaluación del reconocimiento de la expresión facial emocional. RESULTADOS: se encontraron diferencias significativas en el reconocimiento global entre el grupo control y el grupo de pacientes. La única emoción que permaneció reconocida fue la de felicidad aún en estados moderados de la enfermedad. La rabia y tristeza se vieron afectadas desde los estados leves y el reconocimiento de la expresión de miedo se alteró solo en los estados moderados de la enfermedad

Demencia por déficit de vitamina B12: reporte de caso

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Junco Bonet, Miguel Damián

2014-01-01

Fundamento: la deficiencia de vitamina B12 (cianocobalamina) puede producir varios desórdenes neurológicos, incluida la neuropatía periférica, degeneración subaguda combinada de la médula espinal, neuropatía óptica y alteraciones cognitivas que van desde la confusión leve hasta la demencia o la psicosis. La causa más frecuente de deficiencia de vitamina B12 es la anemia perniciosa. Objetivo: presentar un caso clínico de demencia por déficit de vitamina B12. Caso clínico: paciente masculino de...

Papel de la fisioterapia en la enfermedad de Alzheimer

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Lallana Jiménez, Lucía

2013-01-01

La enfermedad de Alzheimer es una enfermedad neurodegenerativa que representa entre el 50% y el 60% de las demencias. Se caracteriza por déficits cognitivos, desorientación espacio-temporal y pérdida de memoria a corto plazo, lo cual da lugar a una dificultad en la realización de las tareas cotidianas por parte del enfermo. La enfermedad evoluciona a los largo de cuatro estadios: -Fase 1: se caracteriza por perdidas de memoria a corto plazo pero el paciente es todavía relativamente independie...

EL RESPETO A LA AUTONOMÍA EN EL MANEJO DE ANCIANOS CON DEMENCIA

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Tirso Zúñiga S.

2017-12-01

Full Text Available En la actualidad es de suma importancia conocer el proceso de envejecimiento para el diseño de acciones eficaces de política pública desde una perspectiva amplia, es decir, incluyendo los aspectos ético-filosóficos, socio-culturales, económicos y de salud. Respecto al problema de la demencia en ancianos, hay que decir que esta enfermedad neurodegenerativa crece a partir de los 65 años y se duplica cada 5 años, como consecuencia principal del envejecimiento de la población mundial, particularmente en los países de bajo y mediano ingreso América Latina y el Caribe. Entre un 4% y un 6% de los ancianos han sufrido alguna forma de maltrato. Los tratados de Geriatría abordan el problema de la vejez y la demencia desde la perspectiva médica, pero, tratándose de un asunto de calidad de vida se requiere del enfoque ético. El respeto a la autonomía es uno de los principios éticos más mencionados en la bioética que se ve lesionado con mucha frecuencia en el anciano con demencia. Respetar la autonomía de una persona es reconocer con la debida atención su capacidad cognitiva y preferencias, incluyendo su derecho a sostener ciertos puntos de vista, realizar determinadas elecciones y seguir ciertas acciones basadas en los propios valores y creencias. Por tanto, es muy importante el diagnóstico en etapa temprana de la enfermedad de una persona que sufre de alguna demencia, ya que conserva mayor estado de lucidez para informarle sobre los documentos de voluntades anticipadas y la designación de un representante legal o tutor de su confianza. La autonomía de los ancianos con demencia es reducida en estadios avanzados de la enfermedad, pero no nula y especialmente si se refiere al campo de su cuidado.

Relación entre el burnout y la calidad de vida del cuidador de personas con demencia

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Josep Deví Bastida

Full Text Available Objetivos: Determinar el efecto burnout en la calidad de vida del cuidador de personas con demencia. Metodología: Revisión sistemática de artículos científicos que aportan información sobre la calidad de vida y el burnout de los cuidadores de personas con demencia. Las fuentes de datos usadas en el presente trabajo son PsycInfo, Web of Knowledge, Scopus, PubMed y Google Schoolar. Se han seleccionado 10 artículos siguiendo los criterios de selección y calidad marcados en la tabla 1, y sus características principales se muestran en la tabla 2. Resultados: Se han agrupado en función de los estadísticos usados en cada estudio; las variables analizadas son aquellas que recogen la relación entre la carga del cuidador y la calidad de vida del cuidador de personas con demencia. Existe una correlación negativa y estadísticamente significativa entre el burnout y la calidad de vida. La calidad de vida depende de los niveles de carga, que a su vez está relacionada con el tiempo que tienen los cuidadores para ellos mismos, el soporte social, los problemas de comportamiento del enfermo con demencia, la autoestima del cuidador y las finanzas. La calidad de vida relacionada con la salud está inversamente relacionada con los niveles de dependencia de la persona con demencia y con la edad del cuidador. Conclusiones: Una mayor percepción de carga conlleva una peor calidad de vida. Así pues, para mejorar la calidad de vida de los cuidadores de una persona con demencia debemos incidir en las variables que influyen la carga del cuidador.

DEMENCIA FRONTOTEMPORAL, CÓMO HA RESURGIDO SU DIAGNÓSTICO

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Patricia Lillo Z, MD, PhD

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Desde la descripción inicial efectuada por Pick hace más de un siglo atrás, el interés por las demencias frontotemporales ha tenido un gran crecimiento. Gracias a los avances de las neuroimágenes y el desarrollo de biomarcadores, el progreso en este campo ha generado nuevos conocimientos en torno a la categorización clínica, correlatos neuronales de las funciones cerebrales superiores y mecanismos de neurodegeneración. Paradójicamente, estos avances han traído consigo cierta controversia y desafíos, los cuales han motivado la creación de nuevos criterios diagnósticos. Esta breve revisión muestra la evolución histórica de estas condiciones y describe los criterios diagnósticos actuales para la variante conductual y las afasias progresivas primarias, que son las dos formas clínicas de las demencias frontotemporales.

Intervenciones cognitivas en demencias: la musicoterapia

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Pastor Vilar, T.; Navarro Pardo, Esperanza; Díaz Dho Brodksy, R.; Moret Tatay, Carmen; Vázquez-Martínez, A.

2011-01-01

El aumento de envejecimiento de la población tiene múltiples repercusiones, una de ellas es la preocupación por las enfermedades asociadas a las edades avanzadas y los tratamientos a utilizar. Aunque la demencia no es una consecuencia natural del envejecimiento, constituye el trastorno neurológico más frecuente en edades avanzadas. En la actualidad no existe cura para esta patología, sólo tratamientos que intentan demorarla. Las intervenciones cognitivas junto con los fármacos son el tratamie...

Factores de riesgo asociados a la demencia degenerativa en pacientes geriátricos

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Alejandro Rodríguez Constantín

2003-04-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio analítico de tipo caso-control, para determinar factores de riesgo asociados a la aparición de demencia degenerativa en pacientes geriátricos pertenecientes al Consejo Popular "Los Maceo", del Policlínico Docente "Carlos J. Finlay", de la ciudad de Santiago de Cuba, desde septiembre a diciembre del año 2000. La muestra se constituyó con 22 casos identificados previamente como dementes degenerativos por el Equipo Multidisciplinario Gerontológico y 66 controles. Se aplicó una encuesta y se realizó el análisis de los resultados obtenidos. Se calcularon los odds radio (OR correspondientes a cada variable. El bajo nivel de escolaridad (OR=3,99, y el antecedente patológico familiar de demencia (OR=3,01 fueron identificados como factores de riesgo. No presentaron asociación causal las variables sexo (OR=1,46; modificaciones intensas del tono emocional (OR=1 y cambio brusco repetitivo del entorno habitacional (OR=1. La ejercitación de la capacidad intelectual después de los 60 años (OR=0,8 se consideró factor protector.A case control-type analytical study was made to determine the risk factors associated to the occurrence of degenerative dementia in old patients living in the people´s council "Los Maceo", whose population is taken care of by "Carlos J. Finlay" teaching polyclinics in Santiago de Cuba City. The sample was made up of 22 cases previously diagnosed as degenerative dements by the Multidisciplinary Gerontology Team and 66 controls. A survey was administered and the results achieved were analyzed. Odd ratios of each variable were estimated. Low educational level (OR=3,99 and the pathological family history of dementia (OR = 3.01 were identified as risk factors. No causal relation was observed among sex, intensive changes in emotional state and sudden repetitive change of the living environment (0R=1. The exercising of intellectual abilities after 60 years of age was considered to be a protective factor.

EL ROL DE LA EVALUACIÓN NEUROPSICOLÓGICA EN EL DIAGNÓSTICO Y EN EL SEGUIMIENTO DE LAS DEMENCIAS

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Matías Molina D.

2016-05-01

Full Text Available El aumento progresivo de la esperanza de vida ha impuesto nuevos desafíos en el abordaje de las patologías que sufren los adultos mayores. Las demencias son unas de las patologías más frecuentes en este grupo etario, causando la pérdida de autonomía de los pacientes y afectando la salud y calidad de vida de sus cuidadores. En conjunto con otros exámenes, la evaluación neuropsicológica cumple un rol fundamental en el proceso de diagnóstico de las demencias, objetivando el Deterioro Cognitivo, entregando información sobre la autonomía de los pacientes y cumpliendo un rol indispensable en el seguimiento de estas enfermedades. La siguiente revisión presentará la problemática y los primeros estudios cognitivos de las demencias, finalizando con una síntesis de las investigaciones que han contribuido a establecer los perfiles neuropsicológicos de las demencias con mayor incidencia en la población.

[Cognitive plasticity in Alzheimer's disease patients receiving cognitive stimulation programs].

Science.gov (United States)

Zamarrón Cassinello, Ma Dolores; Tárraga Mestre, Luis; Fernández-Ballesteros, Rocío

2008-08-01

The main purpose of this article is to examine whether cognitive plasticity increases after cognitive training in Alzheimer's disease patients. Twenty six patients participated in this study, all of them diagnosed with mild Alzheimer's disease, 17 of them received a cognitive training program during 6 months, and the other 9 were assigned to the control group. Participants were assigned to experimental or control conditions for clinical reasons. In order to assess cognitive plasticity, all patients were assessed before and after treatment with three subtests from the "Bateria de Evaluación de Potencial de Aprendizaje en Demencias" [Assessment Battery of Learning Potential in Dementia] (BEPAD). After treatment, Alzheimer's disease patients improved their performance in all the tasks assessing cognitive plasticity: viso-spatial memory, audio-verbal memory and verbal fluency. However, the cognitive plasticity scores of the patients in the control group decreased. In conclusion, this study showed that cognitive stimulation programs can improve cognitive functioning in mildly demented patients, and patients who do not receive any cognitive interventions may reduce their cognitive functioning.

The role of high-fat diet in an APP/PS1 model of familial Alzheimer disease = Efecto de una dieta rica en grasas en ratones APP/PS1, modelo familiar de la enfermedad de Alzheimer

OpenAIRE

Petrov, Dmitry

2015-01-01

La obesidad es una pandemia mundial, la cual según estudios recientes afecta a más de 2.000 millones de personas en todo el mundo y conlleva una fuerte presión de los sistemas sanitarios globales. El problema se ve aumentado no sólo por los costes directos asociados al sobrepeso, sino también por las comorbilidades relacionadas, entre ellas el incremento del riesgo de desarrollo de enfermedades neurodegenerativas, como por ejemplo la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA), principal causa de demencia s...

Personas mayores con demencia institucionalizadas : efectos de la musicoterapia versus los talleres de reminiscencia-recreación

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Solé Resano, Carme; Mercadal-Brotons, Melissa; Castro, Mónica de; Asensio, Francisca María

2017-01-01

Las personas afectadas de demencia continúan creciendo cada año.. Dentro del marco de la Psicología Positiva, vamos a estudiar los efectos positivos de la musicoterapia en la calidad de vida de las personas con demencia. El objetivo principal es analizar y comparar los efectos de un programa de musicoterapia (grupo experimental), y un programa de reminiscencia/recreación (grupo control) en personas mayores institucionalizadas. Se analiza el impacto: cognitivo, estado anímico y participación-i...

Desintegración de las praxias en la enfermedad de Alzheimer

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Carlos A. Bardeci

1972-03-01

Full Text Available Se describe la sintomatologia clínica, los resultados de métodos auxiliares y de la punción biopsia cerebral de una paciente con enfermedad de Alzheimer. Se analizan los diversos aspectos clínicos, sosteniendose como posible determinar la individualidad clínica de la enfermedad de Alzheimer, dentro del capítulo de las demencias preseniles y su diagnóstico en vida. Las formas de apraxia presentes en esta observación confirman la correlación estrecha que existe entre los distintos niveles de su desintegración, à su relación con las perturbaciones del espacio al cual están genéticamente vinculadas; el espacio euclidiano para la apraxia constructiva, el espacio centrado en el propio cuerpo para la ideomotora y el concreto de manipulación de objetos para la ideatoria.

Evolución de la categorización semántica en adultos mayores con diagnóstico de DCL-A y DTA y sin patología neurológica

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Comesaña, Ana; Vivas, Jorge

2015-01-01

Tradicionalmente la memoria semántica ha sido definida como un tesoro mental que almacena información sobre las palabras, su significado, como así también la relación entre ellas, los hechos y los conceptos. Una de las vías principales para explicar cómo se organiza la información en la memoria semántica (MS) es a través de categorías. La demencia tipo Alzheimer (DTA) suele estar caracterizada por un deterioro en la memoria episódica. Sin embargo, se debate en torno al deterioro de la misma, ...

[Map of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias in Spain. MapEA Project].

Science.gov (United States)

Martínez-Lage, Pablo; Martín-Carrasco, Manuel; Arrieta, Enrique; Rodrigo, Jesús; Formiga, Francesc

In the current context of increased life expectancy and progressive aging of the population a very significant increase in the number of people with cognitive impairment and dementia is expected. Consequently, Spain will face an enormous social and health problem in the next decades. The Mapa de la enfermedad de Alzheimer y otras demencias en España project aims to analyse plans, prevention and early diagnosis activities, process of care and resources available across the 17 Spanish regions for the management of cognitive impairment and dementia in order to identify improvement areas, as well as to provide a list of recommendations. The working group consisted of an Advisory Committee of 5 national experts and a Committee of Experts from each region made up of professionals in the field of Neurology, Geriatrics, Psychiatry, and Primary Care, as well as representatives of Family Associations of People with Alzheimer's and other dementias. The Expert Committee of each region held meetings in which the current situation of care was reviewed. Plans available in Spain for dementia management are mostly obsolete or have not been implemented. Prevention and early detection activities are generally not carried out. There is great variability of care process that patients must follow for the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of the disease, and not all diagnostic test are available in different regions. In general, resources are considered scarce and unknown. The Mapa de la enfermedad de Alzheimer y otras demencias en España study has been able to detect the main points that require changing n the management, organisation, and coordination of resources, such as information and training of the personnel involved. Furthermore, the study has revealed that, in Spain, the necessary conditions are in place in Spain, such as the availability and capacity of professionals involved, as well as there being the potential diagnostic and health care resources to address this room

Retos, perspectivas y consideraciones éticas en torno a la evaluación del lenguaje en la persona con demencia Challenges, perspectives and ethics considerations over the language assessment of the person with dementia

OpenAIRE

Beatriz Valles González

2008-01-01

El presente ensayo plantea una reflexión en torno a los retos, perspectivas y dilemas éticos que se presentan al evaluar el lenguaje de las personas con demencia. Esta se hizo desde dos perspectivas, una de tipo epistemológica-ontológica, dirigida a estudiar el concepto de trastorno del lenguaje y su relación con el envejecimiento. La otra, metodológica, relacionada con el análisis de las técnicas de evaluación lingüística utilizadas en el diagnóstico de las alteraciones lingüísticas de esta ...

Problemas en el proceso de adaptación a los cambios en personas cuidadoras familiares de mayores con demencia

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Sara Moreno-Cámara

2016-05-01

Conclusiones: La escasez de apoyo formal y el infradiagnóstico de la demencia dificultan la adaptación de la persona cuidadora al cuidado de una persona afectada por demencia. El proceso de adaptación podría mejorar reforzando el apoyo formal en las primeras fases del cuidado para reducir el estrés del proceso de aprendizaje autodidacta de las familias cuidadoras, así como adaptando las intervenciones a cada fase de la evolución del rol cuidador.

Enfoque, diagnóstico y tratamiento a un paciente con demencia en la atención primaria de salud Approach, diagnosis and treatment of a patient with dementia in primary health care

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Juan Carlos LLibre Guerra

2008-06-01

Full Text Available Las demencias y la enfermedad de Alzheimer constituyen un serio y creciente problema de salud en países con una alta expectativa de vida como el nuestro. A pesar de su creciente importancia, la demencia es una enfermedad frecuentemente infradiagnosticada e infravalorada. El papel del médico de atención primaria es clave en el diagnóstico del síndrome demencial. El diagnóstico de demencia es fundamentalmente clínico, su secuencia diagnóstica a nivel de la Atención Primaria de Salud incluye una evaluación clínica, una evaluación neuropsicológica mínima, la evaluación funcional y la evaluación al familiar, lo que se complementa con la realización de exámenes complementarios. El médico de atención primaria debe estar capacitado para el adecuado diagnóstico y seguimiento de los pacientes en el marco de su comunidad, lo que evitaría el gasto de recursos e incomodidades para el paciente y la familia, al contar en la propia área de salud con un profesional preparado y conocedor de sus problemas en su entorno familiar y social, capaz de prestarle un adecuado seguimiento y un oportuno asesoramiento y apoyo a la familia.Dementias and Alzheimer's disease are a serious and increasing health problem in countries with a high life expectancy at birth as ours. In spite of its increasing importance, dementia is frequently underdiagnosed and underestimated. The role of the doctor in primary health care level is essential in the diagnosis of demential syndrome. The diagnosis of dementia is mainly clinical. Its diagnostic sequence at the primary health care level includes a clinical evaluation, a minimal neuropsychological assesment, a functional evaluation, an evaluation to the relative and complementary tests. The primary care physician should be qualified for an adequate diagnosis and follow-up of the patients in the community, which would avoid the expense of resources and the inconveniences for the patient and his family, on having in

INTIMIDAD, SEXUALIDAD, DEMENCIAS. ESTRATEGIAS AFECTIVAS Y APROPIACIÓN DEL TRABAJO DE CUIDADO EN CONTEXTOS DESESTABILIZANTES

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Natacha Borgeaud-Garciandía

2016-01-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo se centra en el trabajo de cuidado domiciliario en contextos que suponen la confrontación de las cuidadoras con elementos perturbadores y potencialmente desestabilizantes: la intimidad, la sexualidad y la demencia senil de adultos mayores muy dependientes. Proviene de una investigación en sociología cualitativa en la cual se llevaron a cabo entrevistas biográficas de tipo “historias de vida”con cuidadoras. Apoyándonos en las nociones de “trabajo sucio”, “trabajo emocional”y “defensas”, se analiza cómo estas trabajadoras se protegen y resignifican su trabajo ante la amenaza de sufrimiento que conlleva tal confrontación, lo cual puede resultar aún más difícil cuando los familiares rechazan el declive de su mayor. A la vez, la convivenciaprolongada les permite a las cuidadoras desarrollar un trabajo de cuidado integral, que pueden apreciar y repatriar en su buen cuidado. A través de sus estrategias emocionales, las cuidadoras resignifican el trabajo sucio a la vez que buscan preservar su identidad de “buena cuidadora”, socialmente valorada.

Envejecimiento activo en personas con enfermedad de Alzheimer en la Residencia Nicolás Rodríguez de Olmedo (Valladolid)

OpenAIRE

Callejo Casquete, Amanda

2014-01-01

Debido al aumento considerable de la población anciana en la actualidad y a su vinculación con las diferentes demencias, y en especial con la enfermedad del Alzheimer, el presente trabajo de fin de grado pretende que la sociedad tome conciencia de la importancia del envejecimiento activo, proyectando una imagen positiva de las personas mayores. El presente trabajo, haciendo hincapié en la importancia que conlleva desarrollar unos hábitos de vida saludable tanto física como mentalmente, plante...

Intimidad, sexualidad, demencias. La relación subjetiva con el trabajo de cuidado en contextos desestabilizantes

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Natacha Borgeaud-Garciandía

2016-03-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo se centra en el trabajo de cuidado domiciliario en contextos que suponen la confrontación de las cuidadoras con elementos perturbadores y potencialmente desestabilizantes: la intimidad, la sexualidad y la demencia senil de adultos mayores muy dependientes. Proviene de una investigación en sociología cualitativa en la cual se llevaron a cabo entrevistas biográficas de tipo “historias de vida” con cuidadoras. Apoyándonos en las nociones de “trabajo sucio”, “trabajo emocional” y “defensas”, se analiza cómo estas trabajadoras se protegen y resignifican su trabajo ante la amenaza de sufrimiento que conlleva tal confrontación, lo cual puede resultar aún más difícil cuando los familiares rechazan el declive de su mayor. A la vez, la convivencia prolongada les permite a las cuidadoras desarrollar un trabajo de cuidado integral, que pueden apreciar y repatriar en su buen cuidado. A través de sus estrategias emocionales, las cuidadoras resignifican el trabajo sucio a la vez que buscan preservar su identidad de “buena cuidadora”, socialmente valorada.

Inventario de Sobrecarga en Cuidadores Familiares sin Formación Especializada de Enfermos de Alzheimer

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María del Carmen Pérez-Fuentes

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Antecedentes/Objetivo: La demencia tipo Alzheimer es una de las causas más frecuentes de dependencia en población mayor, a lo que se une, la considerable demanda de cuidados. Además, cuando el cuidador es un familiar o una persona sin formación especializada, el cuidado tiene un impacto sobre su salud. Para conocer las necesidades de estos cuidadores y evaluar el nivel de sobrecarga o malestar del cuidador, se realiza la propuesta del Inventario de Sobrecarga en Cuidadores Familiares sin Formación Especializada de Enfermos de Alzheimer (IPSO-CA24. Método: En base a las respuestas de 255 cuidadores, se analizaron las propiedades psicométricas del cuestionario, mediante análisis de fiabilidad, análisis factoriales exploratorios y confirmatorios. Resultados: Los análisis factoriales informan de una estructura de seis factores relacionados (Reacción ante el diagnóstico, Salud física, Sintomatología psicológica (cuidador, Sintomatología conductual (enfermo, Conocimientos de la enfermedad y Nivel de dependencia, con una fiabilidad entre 0,75 y 0,93, que explican el 66,52% de la varianza total. También se obtiene apoyo para su validez convergente. Conclusiones: El IPSO-CA24 viene a dar respuesta a la necesidad de un instrumento que permita una valoración multidimensional de la sobrecarga del cuidador familiar sin formación especializada. © 2017 Asociación Española de Psicología Conductual. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. This is an open access article under the CC BY−NC−ND license (http://creativecommons. org/licenses/by−nc−nd/4.0/.

Repercusión de la demencia en los cuidadores primordiales del policlínico "Ana Betancourt" Repercussion of dementia in the fundamental carers of "Ana Betancourt" Polyclinic

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Víctor T. Pérez Martínez

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Introducción: la demencia senil es reconocida actualmente como una entidad mayor en el orden socioeconómico, geriátrico, psiquiátrico y epidemiológico. Su atención representa un elevado costo emocional y económico para el paciente, la familia y el cuidador primordial. Objetivos: describir la repercusión psicosocial del síndrome demencial en los cuidadores primordiales del policlínico "Ana Betancourt". Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, durante el primer cuatrimestre del año 2009, en el policlínico "Ana Betancourt" del municipio Playa. Incluyó a 36 cuidadores de igual número de pacientes diagnosticados con demencia y enfermedad de Alzheimer, escogidos mediante muestreo por criterios. Resultados: los cuidadores primordiales eran en su mayoría féminas, hijas del paciente, en la quinta década de la vida, amas de casa, divorciadas y con un nivel de escolaridad de preuniversitario. El principal motivo de consulta de los cuidadores fue solicitar ayuda profesional para controlar los síntomas no cognitivos de la enfermedad. El cuidador dedica alrededor de 13 h diarias al cuidado del paciente que sufre de demencia, la mayor parte en la supervisión y vigilancia. Se encontró marcada afectación psicológica en el 64 % de los cuidadores. El nivel de sobrecarga o estrés en la población de cuidadores estudiada resultó elevado. Conclusiones: el cuidado del paciente que sufre de demencia se asocia a una sobrecarga y estrés relevantes que se expresa en la elevada morbilidad psicológica constatada en los cuidadores primordiales. Se recomienda diseñar un plan de intervención educativa dirigido a estos cuidadores para reducir la sobrecarga o estrés crónico que sufren.Introduction: senile dementia is nowadays recognized as a major entity in socioeconomic, geriatric, psychiatric and epidemiologic order. Its care represents a high emotional and economic cost for patient, family and fundamental carer

Depressive symptoms associated with hereditary Alzheimer's disease: a case description.

Science.gov (United States)

Contreras, Mónica Yicette Sánchez; Vargas, Paula Alejandra Osorio; Ramos, Lucero Rengifo; Velandia, Rafael Alarcón

The authors describe a family group studied by the Centro de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, and the Clínica de la Memoria, las Demencias y el Envejecimiento (Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Colombia), and evaluate the association of depressive symptoms with Alzheimer's disease (AD). This family presented a hereditary pattern for AD characterized by an early onset of dementia symptoms, a long preclinical depressive course, and, once the first symptoms of dementia appeared, a rapid progression to severe cognitive function impairment. The authors found a high prevalence of depressive symptoms in this family and propose that the symptoms could be an important risk factor for developing AD in the presence of other risk factors such as the APOE E4 allele.

Diagnóstico diferencial de envejecimiento patológico. Desempeños en el Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination (ACE

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María Laura de la Barrera

2009-01-01

Full Text Available La presente investigación tiene como objetivo conocer los porcentajes de adultos que manifiestan cierta predisposición a padecer demencia fronto-temporal (DFT o demencia tipo Alzheimer (DTA, por el valor obtenido en el coeficiente VLOM (siglas en inglés de los subtests de fluidez verbal + lenguaje / orientación + recuerdo diferido y si estos valores pueden variar en función de género, edad años de escolaridad y antecedentes de enfermedad. Se trabajó con 649 sujetos adultos de la ciudad de Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina con la aplicación del instrumento ACE (Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination de Mathuranath, Néstor, Berríos, Rakowicz y Hodges (2000, en una versión adaptada. Se llevaron a cabo análisis Chi cuadrado para conocer si existen diferencias en los desempeños en el instrumento por grupos. Los resultados manifiestan que no aparecen diferencias significativas por género, pero sí se evidencian ciertas tendencias por edad, años de escolaridad y antecedentes de enfermedad.

Estrógenos, envejecimiento y enfermedad de Alzheimer Estrogens, aging and Alzheimer's dosiase

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Fabio Sánchez E.

1999-03-01

Full Text Available El posible papel protector que ejercen los estrógenos en el envejecimiento y en la prevención de la enfermedad de Alzheimer es un tema de mucho interés y de investigación hoy en día. Existen evidencias de que la merma en la producción de estrógenos después de la menopausia está asociada con deterioro cognitivo que puede subsanarse o prevenirse con el uso de terapia de sustitución hormonal. Algunos estudios han concluido, además, que la terapia de sustitución hormonal con estrógenos se relaciona con disminución del riesgo de desarrollar enfermedad de Alzheimer o, por lo menos, con un retardo en su inicio. Otros estudios clínicos evidencian, aunque de manera preliminar, que los estrógenos pueden mejorar las funciones cognitivas en mujeres con enfermedad de Alzheimer. Sin embargo, estas evidencias no son suficientes aún para recomendar el uso indiscriminado de estrógenos en todas las mujeres postmenopáusicas ni en las afectadas por demencia. Habrá que esperar los resultados del estudio prospectivo WHI-MS que analizará los efectos de la terapia de sustitución hormonal sobre el desarrollo de la demencia en una gran población femenina. Este estudio los definirá a más tardar en unos 7 años. Ante una enfermedad incurable como la de Alzheimer, cualquier terapia que ofrezca un retardo en la edad de aparición, que reduzca su severidad o la velocidad de progresión o produzca mejoría en la calidad de vida, se convierte de hecho en asunto de interés para todos los afectados y para la comunidad científica que estudia este trastorno. The possible protective role of estrogens in aging and Alzheimer‘s disease, is presently a subject of considerable interest and research. There are evidences that decreased estrogen production after menopause is associated with cognitive deterioration that can be prevented or corrected with hormonal substitution therapy (HST. Some studies have concluded that HST with estrogens is related with a

Cambios en la composición corporal en función del grado de demencia en un grupo de ancianos institucionalizados

OpenAIRE

Camina Martín, M. A.; Mateo Silleras, Beatriz de; Carreño Enciso, L.; Cruz Marcos, S. de la; Miján de la Torre, A.; Redondo del Río, María Paz

2013-01-01

Objetivo: Valorar el estado nutricional de un grupo de ancianos institucionalizados con demencia, analizando los cambios en la composición corporal en función de su estadio evolutivo. Método: Se ha realizado un estudio transversal en el que se valoró el estado nutricional y la composición corporal (antropometría, MNA, y bioimpedancia) en 63 ancianos institucionalizados con diagnóstico de demencia en estadios evolutivos 5, 6 y 7 de las escalas GDS (Global Deterioration Scale) y FAST (Functiona...

Personalidad y demencia: aproximación al perfil diferencial del cuidador

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Elena de Andrés-Jiménez

2011-12-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este estudio es determinar la existencia de un perfil de personalidad característico de los cuidadores y cuidadoras familiares de personas con demencia. El adecuado conocimiento y manejo de las variables psicológicas que afectan de alguna manera al cuidador, ayuda a promover las acciones oportunas destinadas a atenuar el impacto del cuidado y mejorar la calidad de vida del cuidador y la persona cuidada. La población objeto de estudio está formada por 69 cuidadores familiares de personas con demencia, miembros de distintas asociaciones y centros de día. Los resultados obtenidos permiten identificar un perfil de personalidad característico para estos cuidadores, revelador de un funcionamiento psicológico específico en esta muestra, que si bien no podemos relacionar directamente con las tareas propias del cuidado de una persona con esta enfermedad, si nos proporciona información muy relevante para atender de forma más precisa a las necesidades de este colectivo. Asimismo, el análisis de los estilos de personalidad en función del sexo muestra una vez más que la mujer se encuentra en este ámbito en una situación de mayor vulnerabilidad.

Ludopatía y epilepsia en demencia frontotemporal: Reporte de dos casos

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Sheila Castro-Suarez

Full Text Available RESUMEN La demencia frontotemporal es un trastorno neurodegenerativo cuyo subtipo más común es la variante conductual. Es considerada la causa de demencia más frecuente en menores de 60 años. Se presentan dos casos no emparentados cuyos síntomas típicos fueron: deterioro progresivo de la cognición, del comportamiento, alteraciones psiquiátricas como desinhibición, actos impulsivos, apatía, falta de empatía, estereotipias y cambios en los hábitos de alimentación. La resonancia magnética cerebral, en ambos casos, mostró atrofia frontotemporal a predominio izquierdo; en la evaluación neuropsicológica se evidenció alteraciones de las funciones ejecutivas. El primer caso cursó con ludopatía como síntoma inicial, motivo por el cual permaneció por un año en un centro psiquiátrico, siendo el segundo en Latinoamérica y uno de los pocos casos reportados en el mundo. El segundo caso presentó crisis epilépticas en su evolución.

Efectos de inhibidores de colinesterasa en pacientes con enfermedad asociada a cuerpos de Lewy

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Nilton Custodio

2008-09-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: Analizar los efectos de los inhibidores de colinesterasas (ICE donepezilo, rivastigmina y galantamina en el tratamiento de demencia con cuerpos de Lewy (DCL y demencia de la enfermedad de Parkinson (DEP. Diseño: Estudio tipo ensayo abierto. Lugar: Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Militar Central (HMC, y Unidad de Diagnóstico de Deterioro Cognitivo y Prevención de Demencia, Clínica Internacional. Participantes: Pacientes con demencia asociada a cuerpos de Lewy y demencia de la enfermedad de Parkinson. Intervenciones: Las mediciones de eficacia en 33 pacientes con diagnóstico de DCL y DEP se realizó con el Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE, Alzheimer Disease Assessment Scale cognitive subscale (ADAS-cog, Alzheimer’s Disease Cooperative Study-Clinical Global Impression of Change (ADCS-CGIC, Alzheimer’s Disease Cooperative Study-Activities of Daily Living Inventory (ADCS-ADL, Neuro-Psychiatry Inventory (NPI, Prueba de dibujo de Reloj de Manos (PDR-M y la Unified Parkinson´s Disease Rating Scale-motor subscale (UPDRS-part III. Principales medidas de resultados: Síntomas cognitivos, funcionamiento global y actividades de vida diaria de los pacientes. Resultados: Diecisiete pacientes fueron tratados con rivastigmina, 9 con galantamina y 7 con donepezilo. Luego de 6 meses de tratamiento, los pacientes en tratamiento con rivastigmina mejoraron en 1,39 puntos en ADAS-cog respecto de su medición basal, mientras que los pacientes tratados con donepezilo y galantamina no mostraron cambios (cambios <0,2 puntos. Respecto al ADCS-ADL, los pacientes tratados con rivastigmina, donepezilo y galantamina demostraron disminución de 0,42, 0,58 y 0,75 puntos, respectivamente. En el MMSE, los pacientes tratados con rivastigmina y donepezilo no mostraron cambios y los pacientes tratados con galantamina tuvieron una disminución promedio de 1,19 puntos. No hubo diferencias significativas en la incidencia de síntomas parkinsonianos en los tres

Asociación de familiares de enfermos de Alzheimer cubriendo un vacío

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María de Perosanz Calleja

Full Text Available RESUMEN Introducción: Existe una alta prevalencia de adultos mayores diagnosticados de demencia que generan una importante demanda de cuidados y recursos sociosanitarios. Los centros de día atienden a las personas en situaciones de dependencia y facilitan la integración familiar. Nuestras preguntas iniciales son acerca de las asociaciones de enfermos y familiares. ¿Cómo surgen y se organizan? ¿Qué servicios ofrecen? ¿Qué competencias desarrollan los profesionales de enfermería? Objetivo: Analizar la percepción que tienen los miembros del equipo de una asociación de familiares de enfermos de Alzheimer y otras demencias sobre el funcionamiento y el servicio que ofrecen a la sociedad. Material y métodos: Estudio cualitativo descriptivo, realizado en una asociación de familiares de enfermos de Alzheimer. Se realizan tres entrevistas semiestructuradas respetando las consideraciones éticas establecidas para los trabajos de investigación con personas. Resultados: Surgen tres categorías en el análisis de los relatos, la historia de la asociación, la estructura y organización del equipo interdisciplinar, destacando las competencias del profesional de enfermería y la oferta de servicios que ha desarrollado. Conclusiones: La asociación surge ante las necesidades de atención sentidas por parte de las familias y que no obtienen respuesta en otras instituciones. Se ha consolidado como un recurso imprescindible cuyo objetivo es mantener a la persona dependiente en su medio habitual y proporcionar apoyo a sus cuidadores. Atiende desde un equipo interdisciplinar que contribuye al desarrollo de unos fines comunes, donde la enfermería desarrolla las competencias propias de la profesión.

Calidad del registro del diagnóstico de demencia en atención primaria. La situación en España en el periodo 2002-2011

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María del Canto de Hoyos-Alonso

2016-01-01

Conclusiones: Casi la mitad de los pacientes con anticolinesterásicos o memantina no tienen registrado diagnóstico de demencia en su HCE-AP. El registro mejora al aumentar el tiempo de seguimiento. Se requieren mejoras de la HCE-AP, coordinación asistencial adecuada y actitud activa para aumentar la calidad del registro de demencia.

Estudio descriptivo sobre el perfil de los cuidadores de personas con demencia: la feminización del cuidado

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Rocío Lago Urbano

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Abstract The aim of this research is to understand the typical caregivers of persons suffering from Alzheimer’s disease and other forms of dementias in the city of Huelva. The sample was taken from caregivers of differing sex, age, social class, family and profession. A questionnaire was developed in order to collect the relevant data in order to establish a profile of the caregivers. The results show that the caregiver profile is characterized by female between 50 and 55 years old, married, who has been caring for the sickly for 6 or 7 years, sharing the same home with the ill person with a lack of relief from family rotation. These caregivers often have little time for leisure and have, at times, had to leave their working life to cope with care. Resumen El objetivo de esta investigación consistió en conocer el perfil de los cuidadores de los enfermos de Alzheimer y otras demencias en la ciudad de Huelva. La muestra fue conformada por cuidadores de enfermos de Alzheimer de diferente sexo, edad, y condiciones sociales, familiares y laborales. Para la recogida de datos se elaboró un cuestionario que proporcionó la información necesaria. Los resultados indican que el perfil del cuidador comprende en lo fundamental características como: ser mujer de entre 50 y 55 años, estar casada, estar cuidando al enfermo entre 6 o 7 años, compartir el mismo domicilio con la persona enferma y no gozar de rotación familiar. Estas cuidadoras suelen tener poco tiempo para el ocio y en ocasiones han abandonado su vida laboral para asumir los cuidados.

Calidad de vida y estado de salud en personas mayores de 60 años con demencia institucionalizadas

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Carmen Rodríguez-Blázquez

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Es necesario profundizar en los distintos aspectos que componen la calidad de vida (CdV en las personas con demencia que viven en residencias. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir la CdV e identificar los factores relacionados con ella. Métodos: Muestra compuesta por 525 personas con demencia mayo¬res de 60 años en 14 residencias de España. La CdV se evaluó mediante el EQ-5D (índice y escala visual analógica, EQ-EVA y Quality of Life in Alzheimer’s Disease (QoL-AD versiones residente y cuidador. También se utilizaron Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR, el índice de Barthel, la escala Cornell de depresión en demencia (CSDD, una versión adaptada de la Cumulative Illness Rating Scale for Geriatrics (CIRS-G, Short Porta¬ble Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ y el Mini Examen Cognoscitivo (MEC. Para determinar la asociación entre variables se utilizó el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson y la prueba t de Student. Resultados: Las escalas presentaron entre ellas correlaciones de 0,17 a 0,50. La puntuación QoL-AD cuidador fue mejor en varones con menos discapacidad y depresión (28,94±4,91, 29,91±4,74 y 28,44±4,94, respecti¬vamente; (p<0,01 y correlacionó con el índice de Barthel 0,45 y con la CSDD -0,36. El QoL-AD residente fue mejor en ausencia de depresión (29,29±6,03. El índice EQ-5D fue mayor en varones (0,19±0,33 con me¬nos discapacidad (0,42±0,32 y su coeficiente de correlación con el índice de Barthel fue de 0,79. Conclusiones: En personas mayores con demencia institucionalizadas en residencias la calidad de vida se relaciona con el estado funcional y la depresión

Rasgos distintivos de la comorbilidad y funcionalidad en ancianos institucionalizados con deterioro cognitivo y demencia

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Armando Carlos Roca Socarras

2013-07-01

Full Text Available Fundamento: altos niveles de comorbilidad y el declinar funcional están estrechamente relacionados con la mortalidad a corto plazo y la pobre calidad de vida de las personas mayores institucionalizadas. Objetivo: determinar la asociación del deterioro cognitivo con la alta comorbilidad y el declinar funcional en personas mayores institucionalizadas. Métodos: estudio descriptivo de 156 pacientes ingresados en un hogar de ancianos ubicado en Mahé, Seychelles, entre el 2010 y el 2012. Se analizó el comportamiento de los adultos mayores en relación con: presencia de deterioro cognitivo y demencia, edad, sexo, enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, niveles de comorbilidad, declinar funcional, filtrado glomerular estimado, polifarmacia, y años de escolaridad. En la evaluación de la comorbilidad se utilizó el Índice de Charlson en su versión abreviada y en la valoración funcional el Índice de Barthel. Resultados: el 57,7 % de los residentes presentaron deterioro cognitivo o demencia, de ellos el 66,7 % pertenecieron al sexo masculino. Los pacientes con deterioro cognitivo y demencia analizados en el estudio tuvieron una mayor probabilidad de padecer alta comorbilidad (OR: 5,88; intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC95]: 5,42-6,33 y peor desempeño funcional (OR: 20,53; IC95%: 19,54-21,29 que los casos institucionalizados sin estas entidades. Otras variables estudiadas en los casos con deterioro cognitivo como la edad, presencia de polifarmacia, filtrado glomerular estimado y años de escolaridad mostraron diferencias significativas en comparación con los adultos mayores sin deterioro cognitivo. Conclusiones: los pacientes con deterioro cognitivo tienen una comorbilidad y deterioro funcional superior a los casos sin deterioro cognitivo. Se constata asociación del deterioro cognitivo con la alta comorbilidad y un peor desempeño funcional.

Alteraciones emocionales en la enfermedad de Parkinson idiopático sin demencia

OpenAIRE

Hurtado González, Carlos Alberto

2014-01-01

[ES]Actualmente la enfermedad de Parkinson ha comenzado a ser considerada como una patología de carácter neuroconductual cognitivo que se encuentra relacionada con alteraciones emocionales como la depresión, ansiedad y apatía que contribuyen a desmejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes que padecen esta enfermedad. El objetivo de este trabajo tiene como propósito estudiar y analizar las alteraciones emocionales (depresión, ansiedad y apatía) en pacientes con EP sin demencia en est...

Instrumentos para la evaluación de la sobrecarga del cuidador familiar de personas con demencia

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África Martos Martínez

2015-08-01

Full Text Available El envejecimiento poblacional en los países desarrollados es una realidad que ha dado paso al aumento de las enfermedades degenerativas, entre ellas la demencia. Los cambios que se producen en la demencia, suponen una perdida funcional que vuelve a la persona afectada más dependiente de los demás para el desempeño de las actividades, por lo que estas pasan a ser una función asumida por el cuidador. El proceso de convertirse en cuidador supone la aparición, en muchos casos de sobrecarga, esto es, la percepción que el cuidador tiene acerca de la influencia que el cuidado tiene sobre su salud, su vida social, personal y económica. La cuantificación del riesgo de agotamiento, debería ser un procedimiento común. Por ello, este estudio pretende realizar una revisión de los instrumentos de evaluación de la sobrecarga del cuidador familiar de la persona con demencia. El método que se siguió fue la recisión sistemática de las bases de datos Lilacs, ProQuest, PsycARTICLES y Dialnet Plus, tras la cual, se pasó a buscar la fuente primaria de los instrumentos utilizados en los estudios hallados. Así, se encontraron 4 instrumentos distintos y 6 versiones de estos. En 34 de los 42 estudios, fue utilizado como instrumento de evaluación de la sobrecarga la escala de Zarit (Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview o una versión o adaptación del mismo. Estos resultados indican que la preferencia por esta escala para la evaluación de la sobrecarga en los cuidadores, es un continuo que no ha variado desde los años 90.

El modelo de la atención centrada en la persona : análisis descriptivo de una muestra de personas mayores con demencia en centros residenciales

OpenAIRE

Vila-Miravent, Josep; Villar, Feliciano; Celdrán, Montserrat; Fernández, Elena

2012-01-01

Este análisis descriptivo tiene el objetivo de evaluar la calidad asistencial de una muestra de personas con demencia institucionalizadas usando el Dementia Care Mapping (DCM) como metodología de observación sistemática y de examinar la presencia de pautas asociadas a la psicología social maligna en las residencias observadas. Participaron en el estudio 73 personas con demencia ingresadas en residencias a largo plazo. Los resultados más relevantes apuntan a la presencia de una cultura de cuid...

Relações entre controle executivo e memória episódica verbal no comprometimento cognitivo leve e na demência tipo Alzheimer Relationships between executive control and verbal episodic memory in the mild cognitive impairment and the Alzheimer-type dementia

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Amer Cavalheiro Hamdan

2005-04-01

Full Text Available Este estudo comparou e relacionou o desempenho de idosos com Comprometimento Cognitivo Leve e Demência Tipo Alzheimer em testes de controle executivo e de memória episódica verbal. Para a avaliação da memória episódica verbal utilizamos a Tarefa de Recordação de Palavras Imediata e a Tarefa de Recordação de Palavras com Intervalo. Na avaliação do controle executivo foram utilizados, os seguintes testes: Random Number Generation, Trail Making Test, Fluência Verbal semântica e fonológica, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Reading Span Test e Brow-Peterson Test. Treze idosos do grupo controle foram equiparados quanto à idade e escolaridade com nove idosos com Comprometimento Cognitivo Leve e oito idosos com Demência Tipo Alzheimer. Foram encontradas diferenças e associações estatisticamente significantes em relação aos testes de controle executivo entre os grupos investigados. Apesar da presença de associações significativas entre a memória episódica verbal e o controle executivo, não foram evidenciados déficits do controle executivo nos idosos com Comprometimento Cognitivo Leve.This study compared and related the performance of older people with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer-type dementia in tests of executive control and of verbal episodic memory. In the evaluation of the verbal episodic memory we used the Task of Immediate Word Recall and the Task of Delayed Word Recall. In the evaluation of executive control we used the following tests: Random Number Generation, Trail Making Test, Semantic and Phonological Verbal Fluency, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Reading Span Test, and Brow-Peterson Test. Thirteen elders of the control group were compared by age and education with nine elders with Mild Cognitive Impairment and eight elders with Alzheimer-type dementia. Differences and significant statistical associations were found in relation to the tests of executive control with the groups investigated. Despite the

EVOLUCIÓN DE LA CATEGORIZACIÓN SEMÁNTICA EN ADULTOS MAYORES CON DIAGNÓSTICO DE DCL-A Y DTA Y SIN PATOLOGÍA NEUROLÓGICA

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ANA COMESAÑA

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Tradicionalmente la memoria semánticahasido definida como un tesoro mental que alma-cena información sobre las palabras, su signifi-cado, como así también la relación entre ellas,los hechos y los conceptos. Una de las vías prin-cipales para explicar cómo se organiza la infor-mación en la memoria semántica (MS es atra vés de categorías. La demencia tipo Alzheimer(DTA suele estar caracterizada por un deterioroen la memoria episódica. Sin embargo, se debateen tor no al deterioro de la misma, en qué mo-mento aparece, a qué se debe y si hay una pér-dida diferencial en distintos momentos de laen fermedad. El objetivo del trabajo que se in-forma fue analizar los procesos de categoriza-ción semántica en adultos mayores sanos com- parándolos con dos grupos de personas con pa-tologías neurológicas: uno con diagnóstico dedeterioro cognitivo leve (DCL y otro con de-mencia tipo Alzheimer (DTA, emparejados poredad, nivel educativo y género. Para ello, se uti-lizaron tareas tradicionales para evaluar la me-moria semántica y también un método novedoso,el DISTSEM, que permite evaluar las estimacio-nes que realizan las personas de las distanciassemánticas entre los conceptos. Los resultadosmostraron que el grupo de personas sin patologíatuvo un rendimiento superior en todas las tareasen comparación con los grupos de personas conpatología neurológica. Por otro lado, el grupocon DTA mostró un deterioro semántico afec-tando en primer lugar a la categoría seres vivos.El DCL preservó la estructura categorial só locon pequeñas intrusiones. El DISTSEM mostróser un instrumento adecuado para la dis cri- minación entre sujetos sanos y DTA.

Síndrome de Down y enfermedad de Alzheimer: factores de riesgo, evaluación e intervención

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Elvira Díaz Pérez

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Existe una estrecha relación entre el síndrome de Down y la enfermedad de Alzheimer. Diversos factores de riesgo influyen en esta relación, en la que la evaluación de la demencia es difícil debido a la falta de instrumentos y tratamientos específicos. Se realizó una búsqueda de los años comprendidos entre 2005-2015 en diferentes bases de datos. Se identificaron diversos factores de riesgo (genéticos, ambientales, cognitivos y se encontraron varios instrumentos de evaluación, poco adecuados y/o con debilidades psicométricas. Los tratamientos existentes son escasos y, casi exclusivamente, farmacológicos. Se discute acerca de la importancia de llevar a cabo estudios sistemáticos sobre los factores de riesgo para la prevención de la enfermedad de Alzheimer en personas con síndrome de Down, así como la necesidad de un protocolo de evaluación específico y adaptado que permita implementar tratamientos más específicos y efectivos.

Perfis Diferenciais de Perda de Memória entre a Demência Frontotemporal e a do Tipo Alzheimer

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Allegri Ricardo F.

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Os estados iniciais da demência tipo Alzheimer (DTA caracterizam-se classicamente por deterioração da memória enquanto que as mudanças de conduta e de personalidade aparecem nas etapas iniciais da demência frontotemporal (DFT. Entretanto, na prática clínica, o diagnóstico diferencial é difícil. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi estudar o rendimento da memória de pacientes com DTA (n= 20 e com DFT (n= 20 comparando-o com um grupo de controles (n = 20. Os pacientes, emparelhados por idade e escolaridade, foram avaliados com uma bateria neuropsicológica exaustiva. Para a avaliação da memória, examinou-se a "queixa subjetiva" de perda de memória (memória subjetiva, a aprendizagem de uma lista de palavras (memória episódica e o desempenho no teste de denominação de Boston (memória semântica. As pontuações de ambos os grupos de pacientes, na grande maioria das provas, foram significativamente inferiores às dos controles. Os pacientes com DTA mostraram uma deterioração global da memória episódica (tipo amnésia e semântica com um alto nível de queixa subjetiva. Os sujeitos com DFT, por outro lado, apresentaram um déficit de memória importante na recuperação da informação, mas com melhores capacidades de registro da informação, apesar das dificuldades de reconhecimento do seu distúrbio.

Efeitos de um programa de atividade física sobre os sintomas depressivos e a qualidade de vida de idosos com demência de Alzheimer Efectos de un programa de actividad física en los síntomas depressivos y la calidad de vida del ancianos con demencia de Alzheimer Effects of a physical activity program on depressive symptoms and quality of life of elderly with Alzheimer's dementia

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Heloisa Schievano Groppo

2012-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do estudo foi analisar os efeitos de um programa de exercícios físicos sobre os sintomas depressivos e a percepção da Qualidade de vida (QV de pacientes com Doença de Alzheimer (DA e de seus cuidadores. Seis idosas realizaram um programa de exercícios físicos durante seis meses, outras seis compuseram o grupo controle. O Mini-Exame do Estado Mental, a Escala de Qualidade de Vida e a Escala de Depressão em Geriatria foram aplicados para avaliação das variáveis. Os dados foram analisados através de uma ANOVA "two-way" e correlação de Pearson, com nível de significância de 5% (p El objetivo del estudio fue analizar los efectos de un programa de ejercicios en los síntomas depresivos y la percepción de calidad de vida (CV de los pacientes con Demencia de Alzheimer (DA y sus cuidadores. Seis personas ancianas realizaran un programa de ejercicio físico por un periodo del seis meses, otro grupo estaba formado por el grupo de control. El Mini Examen del Estado Mental, la Escala de Calidad de Vida y la Escala de Depresión Geriátrica fueran utilizados para evaluar las variables. Los datos fueron analizados por análisis de varianza de dos entradas (ANOVA de dos vías y la correlación de Pearson, con un nivel de significancia de 5% (p The aim of the study was to analyze the effects of a physical exercises' program on depressive symptoms and quality of life (QL in elderly with Alzheimer's Disease (AD and QL of their caregivers. Six elderly women performed a physical exercises' program with six months of duration, and the other six composed the control group. The Mini-Mental State Examination, the Quality of Life Scale and the Geriatric Depression Scale were applied to evaluate the variables. Data were analyzed by Analyze of Variance (Two-way and Pearson's correlations. The level of significance was set at 5% (p < 0.05. The results showed that the physical exercises' program proposed could aid on the reduction of depressive

Arte y salud: diseño e implementación de talleres y contenidos digitales de ámbito cultural para pacientes con Alzhéimer y otras demencias

OpenAIRE

López Méndez, Lorena

2016-01-01

Esta tesis doctoral se presenta como una tesis fundamentalmente práctica, en el marco multidisciplinar que engloba la Educación Artística, el ámbito de la Tercera Edad, las Demencias, las Artes Plásticas y Visuales y el Arte Contemporáneo. La tesis está vinculada al Proyecto AR.S: ARTE Y SALUD, diseño y desarrollo de materiales y actividades creativas y artísticas para personas con Alzhéimer y otras Demencias y cuidadores-familiares, como al programa de becas predoctorales de Personal Invest...

Cuidados de enfermagem ao idoso com Demência que apresenta sintomas comportamentais La atención de enfermería a los ancianos con Demencia y con síntomas comportamentales Nursing care for the aged with Dementia and with behavioral symptoms

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Luana Cardoso Pestana

2009-08-01

Full Text Available No curso das demências, os transtornos comportamentais são altamente prevalentes e estão freqüentemente associados ao stress dos cuidadores. Este estudo tem como objetivo identificar na literatura os tipos de demências que apresentam sintomas comportamentais e psicológicos associados; descrever o manejo não farmacológico destes distúrbios e descrever a atuação da enfermagem neste contexto. Foi pesquisada a literatura nas áreas de geriatria e enfermagem. Tornou-se evidente que a assistência de enfermagem prestada ao idoso demenciado vai muito além dos cuidados básicos e depende da participação ativa da família. A identificação de estratégias para minimizar e manejar os sintomas comportamentais é uma importante contribuição que a enfermagem pode dar para a geriatria.En el curso de la demencia, los trastornos de comportamiento son muy prevalentes y se asocian frecuentemente con el estrés de los cuidadores. Este estudio tiene como objetivo identificar en la literatura científica los tipos de demencias asociadas a los trastornos de comportamiento y síntomas psicológicos, describir el manejo no-farmacológico de estas alteraciones y describir las intervenciones de enfermería en este contexto. La Literatura en los campos de la geriatría y de enfermería fue investigada. Se hizo evidente que los cuidados de enfermería prestados a las personas mayores con demencia va más allá de la atención básica y depende de la participación activa de la familia. La identificación de estrategias para minimizar y manejar los síntomas de comportamiento es una importante contribución que la enfermería puede ofrecer a la geriatría.In the course of dementia, behavioral disorders are highly prevalent and are frequently associated with the stress of caregivers. This study aims to identify in scientific literature the types of dementia associated with behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPSD; describe the non

Incidencia de las demencias en hemodiálisis: Apoyo al cuidador principal Incidence of dementia in haemodialysis: Support for the main carer

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Mª Ángeles Sánchez Lamolda

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Las demencias, aparecen cada día con más frecuencia en pacientes con tratamiento de hemodiálisis; la edad de entrada al tratamiento dialítico ha aumentado en los últimos años, influenciada por el aumento de la esperanza de vida. El deterioro en el estilo de vida del paciente afecta tanto a familiares como cuidadores, presentándose una situación compleja y difícil de manejar. En la actualidad, constituye un serio problema de salud con una repercusión social y económica a gran escala, por la pérdida de independencia del paciente y la carga física y psicológica que sufre la familia. Objetivo: Conocer la incidencia de las demencias y su relación con la edad, sexo, nivel de estudios, patologías asociadas. Material y método: Estudio descriptivo y transversal. Para conocer la incidencia de las demencias utilizamos el cuestionario: (short portable mental status questionarire Pfeiffer. Variables: sexo, edad, nivel de estudios, Convivencia, Hipertensión arterial, Diabetes. Resultados: el 28% de los pacientes presentan demencia, 36% se encuentra entre 75-79 años, afectando considerablemente al sexo femenino. El 58% no han terminado los estudios primarios. Hipertensión arterial no es estadísticamente significativa, Diabetes Mellitus aparece en el 48% de los pacientes que presentan demencia. Conclusión: La edad de los pacientes en hemodiálisis ha aumentado considerablemente, dando lugar a la aparición de las demencias, de ahí la necesidad de establecer las intervenciones de enfermería adecuadas para mejorar la calidad asistencial, ofrecer la información adecuada a familiares y cuidadores sobre las medidas a tener en cuenta en cada situación.Dementia appears with increasing frequency in patients undergoing haemodialysis: the age of starting dialysis treatment has increased in recent years, influenced by the increase in life expectancy. The deterioration in the patient's lifestyle affects both relatives and carers, creating a

Duelo y muerte en cuidadores familiares y profesionales de enfermos de Alzheimer Mourning and death in informal and professional caregivers of Alzheimer's disease patients

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Enrique Pérez-Godoy Díaz

2007-06-01

Full Text Available Como en cualquier proceso crónico y degenerativo abocado a la muerte, la enfermedad de Alzheimer y las demencias provocan en sus cuidadores familiares y profesionales diversos sentimientos, procesos y duelos tanto ante la muerte real como la muerte psíquica. Utilizando una metodología cualitativa analizamos diversos casos de cuidadores de enfermos de Alzheimer institucionalizados en un centro sociosanitario de donde concluimos que no sólo la muerte real puede provocar un duelo en los cuidadores sino también la pérdida inexorable de capacidades, y en último término su muerte psíquica. Esta muerte afecta también a cuidadores profesionales posiblemente porque les muestra su propia vulnerabilidad como seres humanos, recordándoles su propia muerte y lo que podría percibirse como más cruel: la posibilidad de una muerte en vida.Alzheimer's disease and other dementias can cause in caregivers diverse feelings, processes and mournings, which are lived in different ways. This occurs both in psychological and actual death. By using a methodology of a qualitative research, we look through some different cases of caregivers whose relatives are living in an institution. We conclude that not only the actual death can cause a sense of mourning in caregivers of dementia patients, but also the inexorable loss of capacities and eventually their "psychological" death. This death also possibly affects the professional caregivers because it shows them their vulnerability as human beings. This type of death makes them to think about the possibility of a death in life.

Demencias: su enfoque diagnóstico Dementias: their diagnostic approach

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Víctor T. Pérez Martínez

2006-12-01

Full Text Available La reducción de la capacidad cognitiva es esencial para el diagnóstico de demencia. La secuencia diagnóstica incluye la evaluación clínica (neurológica y psicopatológica, la evaluación neuropsicológica y la evaluación familiar. El equipo de salud debe estar capacitado para abordar la demencia, desde su diagnóstico precoz, hasta el plan de actuación individualizado para cada paciente y cuidador. La mayor influencia en el diagnóstico temprano dependerá de la preparación y actualización del equipo de Atención Primaria de Salud. La implicación real de la Atención Primaria en la detección y tratamiento efectivo de los problemas cognitivos en general es escasa, pero es innegable que las crecientes necesidades de la población que envejece le otorgan un papel de vanguardia a este nivel asistencial. En nuestro medio la exploración del estado mental no constituye una práctica sistemática, y persiste un grado no despreciable de subregistro para dicho diagnóstico.The reduction of the cognitive capacity is essential for the diagnosis of dementia. The diagnostic sequence includes the cllinical evaluation (neurological and psychopathological, the neuropsychological assessment and the family evaluation. The health team should be trained to deal with dementia from its early diagnosis to the action plan individualized for each patient and health care provider. The highest influence on the early diagnosis will depend on the training and updating of the Primary Health Care team. The real involvement of Primary Care in the detection and effective treatment of the cognitive problems in general is scarce, but it is undeniable that the growing needs of the aging population grant a role of avanguard to this health care level. In our context, the exploration of the mental state is not a systematic practice, and there is a degree of subregister for this diagnosis that should not be discarded.

Resiliencia, Personalidad Resistente y Crecimiento en Cuidadores de Personas con Demencia en el Entorno Familiar: Una Revisión

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Violeta Fernández-Lansac

2011-01-01

Full Text Available La investigación en torno al cuidado no profesional de mayores con demencia ha proliferado a lo largo de los últimos años, constatando muchos autores que, del mismo modo en que el cuidado se asocia a un buen número de consecuencias negativas, diversos efectos positivos pueden derivarse de esta experiencia. Sin embargo, y a pesar del impacto de la corriente positiva en la actualidad, son muy escasos los estudios que valoran la personalidad resistente (hardiness, la resiliencia y el crecimiento personal en cuidadores. El presente artículo hace una revisión sistemática de las contribuciones más relevantes a este campo, a partir del análisis de nueve publicaciones. Todos estos trabajos evalúan, de un modo cuantitativo, la resiliencia, el hardiness o el crecimiento en familiares de personas con demencia. Las características y resultados de dichos trabajos serán valoradas, teniendo en consideración sus implicaciones para el estudio y la atención a los cuidadores

Neuroimagen en la enfermedad de Alzheimer: nuevas perspectivas

Science.gov (United States)

Becker, James T.

2012-01-01

Introducción y desarrollo En los próximos 50 años vamos a presenciar un incremento significativo de la población mayor de 65 años y por lo tanto va a aumentar, considerablemente, el número de individuos con riesgo de desarrollar demencias neurodegenerativas, especialmente la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA). Las estrategias actuales de tratamiento farmacológico y no farmacológico se han centrado en las fases sintomáticas de esta enfermedad y, gradualmente, vamos teniendo una mayor comprensión de los posibles factores de riesgo del síndrome clínico. Conclusiones Los estudios de neuroimagen han sido muy útiles para mostrar los cambios estructurales del envejecimiento normal y patológico, así como también los factores de riesgo para la EA. Los tratamientos apropiados de los factores de riesgo y su posible combinación con tratamientos específicos para la EA podrían prolongar el período presintomático de la EA y, por tanto, mejorar la calidad de vida y disminuir la carga para el paciente, la familia y la sociedad. PMID:20517866

Estudio sobre efectos del programa SADL (Stimulation Activities of Daily Living) de terapia ocupacional sobre el nivel de autonomía en las actividades de la vida diaria de personas con demencia institucionalizados

OpenAIRE

Jiménez Palomares, María

2014-01-01

La demencia afecta las habilidades cognitivas, altera la conducta y produce una pérdida progresiva de la funcionalidad. El deterioro cognitivo se expresa normalmente en una disminución de las habilidades requeridas para un correcto desempeño de las actividades de la vida diaria. Hemos llevado a cabo un ensayo clínico con 58 ancianos diagnosticados de demencia leve-moderado, ingresados en centros Residenciales de Extremadura y aprobado por el Comité de Bioética de la Universidad de Extr...

Aplicación del modelo Balance of Care en la toma de decisiones acerca del mejor cuidado para las personas con demencia

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Ester Risco

2017-11-01

Discusión: El modelo Balance of Care permite evaluar de manera sistemática, objetiva y mediante un equipo multidisciplinario el emplazamiento más adecuado para las personas con demencia. Se deberían incluir otras intervenciones coste-eficientes para mejorar la situación domiciliaria de estas personas.

Desintegración de las praxias en la enfermedad de Alzheimer Disintegration of praxias in Alzheimer's disease: a case report

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Carlos A. Bardeci

1972-03-01

Full Text Available Se describe la sintomatologia clínica, los resultados de métodos auxiliares y de la punción biopsia cerebral de una paciente con enfermedad de Alzheimer. Se analizan los diversos aspectos clínicos, sosteniendose como posible determinar la individualidad clínica de la enfermedad de Alzheimer, dentro del capítulo de las demencias preseniles y su diagnóstico en vida. Las formas de apraxia presentes en esta observación confirman la correlación estrecha que existe entre los distintos niveles de su desintegración, à su relación con las perturbaciones del espacio al cual están genéticamente vinculadas; el espacio euclidiano para la apraxia constructiva, el espacio centrado en el propio cuerpo para la ideomotora y el concreto de manipulación de objetos para la ideatoria.The case of a patient with Alzheimer's disease is reported and some considerations about the clinical individuality of the disease and the characteristics shown by the disintegration of behavior are made. In the study, the following methods were used: neurological examinations focused especially on movement disturbances, ecoencephalography, electroencephalography, cerebral cintilography, right carotid arteriography and cerebral biopsy. The clinical aspects of the disease, just as the correlation of the data obtained by the auxiliary methods allow the formulation of the diagnosis, confirmed by right frontal cerebral puncture. The patient's clinical context shows the basic syndromes: 1 frontal with fixative amnesia, lack of interest, deterioration of the consciousness of situation and of the intellectual level, bilateral apprehension reflex; 2 parieto-temporo-occipital with indifference for the left hemibody, for the visual hemifield and for the space of this side. In addition, there arises a serious complication of motor behavior (praxias with the disintegration of all functional levels: instrumental (melokinesic apraxia, space linked to the body (ideomotor, Euclidean space

Evaluación psicológica en adultos mayores con factores de riesgo para la enfermedad de Alzheimer

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Juana Adela Fong Estrada

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Se efectuó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 100 adultos mayores que acudieron a la consulta de Geriatría del Policlínico de Especialidades "Saturnino Lora Torres" de Santiago de Cuba, durante el trimestre enero-marzo del 2012, a fin de evaluar psicológicamente a los ancianos con factores de riesgo de enfermedad de Alzheimer. Para determinar si existían signos de demencia se emplearon los tests de Hachinski, Mini-Mental y Hasegawa. En la serie prevalecieron la ingestión de alcohol, seguido del antecedente familiar de la enfermedad y el deterioro moderado. Se concluyó que en las consultas de Geriatría es de vital importancia la determinación de los factores de riesgo de la citada afección y la realización de los tests para detectar precozmente el deterioro cognitivo en los gerontes.

Neuropsychiatric symptoms of the elderly with Alzheimer's disease and the family caregivers' distress.

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Storti, Luana Baldin; Quintino, Débora Teles; Silva, Natália Michelato; Kusumota, Luciana; Marques, Sueli

2016-08-15

to analyze the relationship between the distress of the family caregiver and the presence of neuropsychiatric symptoms in elderly patients with Alzheimer's disease or mixed dementia. a descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted in the Geriatric and Dementias Clinic of a general tertiary hospital, with 96 elderly people with Alzheimer's disease or mixed dementia and their family caregivers. Questionnaires to characterize the elderly and caregivers, and the Neuropsychiatric Inventory were used. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation test were performed. 68.7% of the elderly were women, average age 80.8 years, 56.2% had Alzheimer's disease and 43.7%, mixed dementia. Among caregivers, 90.6% were women, average age 56, 70.8% took care of parents and 64.6% lived with the elderly. There was a strong (r = 0.82) and significant (p Inventario Neuropsiquiátrico. Se realizaron estadísticas descriptivas y prueba de correlación de Pearson. el 68,7% de los ancianos eran mujeres, con una edad promedio de 80,8 años, el 56,2% tenían enfermedad de Alzheimer y el 43,7%, demencia mixta. Entre los cuidadores, el 90,6% eran mujeres, con una media de 56 años, el 70,8% se hacía cargo del padre / madre y el 64,6% vivía con los ancianos. Hubo una fuerte (r = 0,82) y significativa (p Inventario Neuropsiquiátrico y la puntuación total en el Inventario Neuropsiquiátrico-Desgaste y fuerte correlación (r = 0,80) y significativa (p Inventario Neuropsiquiátrico-Desgaste y el número de síntomas neuropsiquiátricos, es decir, cuanto mayor sea el número, la frecuencia y la severidad de estos síntomas en los ancianos, mayor es el desgaste del cuidador. la presencia de síntomas neuropsiquiátricos en los ancianos estaban relacionados con un mayor desgaste en los cuidadores.

Estar ahí, al cuidado de un paciente con demencia Being there, ever caring for a patient with dementia

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Margarita María Gómez Gómez

2007-03-01

Full Text Available Por causa de las pérdidas orgánicas, la persona con demencia se reduce cada vez más hasta la total invalidez, y si no encuentra quién se ocupe de ella, se degradará hasta la completa indigencia. Objetivo: Comprender las razones que tiene el cuidador de un familiar con demencia para estar ahí, a su lado, y las acciones que realiza para mantenerse en el cuidado. Metodología: El estudio se realizó en Medellín, Colombia, desde enero de 2002 hasta junio de 2004 con los lineamientos propuestos por la Teoría Fundada; se entrevistaron 22 individuos, cuya característica común era llevar mínimo tres años al cuidado de una persona con demencia. Los participantes se contactaron a través del Programa de Cuidadores del Grupo de Neurociencias de la Universidad de Antioquia y del programa Adulto Mayor, del Instituto de Seguros Sociales; el análisis se hizo manualmente. Resultados: "Estar ahí" es una decisión que toman los cuidadores, motivada por la relación filial o familiar con la persona cuidada, y que está sustentada en cuatro asuntos culturales: función socio-económica del grupo, tradición, reciprocidad y religión. Se constataron, además, los sentimientos de desgaste que viven los cuidadores para mantenerse en el cuidado y su necesidad de información, aprender de la experiencia, reflexión, programar otras actividades y apoyo. Conclusión: El cuidador de un paciente con demencia reconoce que "solo no puede", por lo que urge crear ambientes y espacios de apoyo a los cuidadores, para contribuir a su bienestar y salud.Due to their organic losses demented patients evolve towards total invalidity. If they do not find caring people absolute destitution awaits them. Objective: To understand caregiver reasons for "being there" to a patient with dementia and what are his actions to remain giving care. Methodology: This grounded study was carried in Medellín from January 2002 to June 2004. Twenty-two people with a minimum three years

EVALUACIÓN NEUROPSICOLÓGICA EN LA ENFERMEDAD DE ALZHEIMER: MEMORIA EPISÓDICA Y SEMÁNTICA.

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Ana Comesaña

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo tiene como objetivo realizar una revisión del proceso de evaluación neuropsicológica en pacientes con Alzheimer (EA, específicamente la referida a la memoria episódica y semántica. La enfermedad de Alzheimer es la principal forma de demencia. Es uno de los problemas sanitarios, sociales y culturales más importantes en actualidad. El diagnóstico y la diferenciación entre el envejecimiento normal y patológico son dificultosos en los primeros momentos, por lo tanto, la evaluación neuropsicológica cumple un papel fundamental. Los criterios utilizados actualmente son los del DSM IV (American Psychiatric Association, 1994 y los del NINCDS-ADRDA (Instituto Nacional para los Desórdenes Neurológicos, de la Comunicación y el Accidente Cerebro Vascular y la Asociación para la Enfermedad de Alzheimer y Desórdenes Relacionados (McKhann G, Drachman D, Folstein M, y col., 1984, y exigen que el diagnóstico de EA probable se corrobore por evaluación neuropsicológica, además de la evaluación clínica y otros estudios. A partir de la división de la memoria a largo plazo en semántica y episódica, se crearon pruebas específicas para su evaluación neuropsicológica en distintas patologías, incluyendo la EA. De esta manera, se realizó una importante contribución a la detección temprana del deterioro de la memoria que es característico de la enfermedad.

Demencia secundaria a infarto talámico bilateral (Síndrome de Percheron): Reporte de un caso

OpenAIRE

Villafuerte-Espinoza, Mirla; Neyra-Ontaneda, Diego; Vizarreta, José Hernandez; Gamarra, Marco Zúñiga

2015-01-01

La parte más anterior y medial del tálamo está conectada con el lóbulo frontal, es así que un infarto bi-talámico puede producir demencia secundaria por desconexión de los circuitos tálamo-corticales. Presentamos elcaso de un paciente de 65 años con el síndrome de Percheron, entidad poco frecuente que cursó con la triada de trastorno del nivel de conciencia, alteraciones oculo-motoras y trastornoscognitivo conductuales. En la angio-tomografía cerebral se evidenció una hipodensidad medial-ante...

Comparing dementia caregivers and healthy controls in mental health and health related quality of life in Cali, Colombia

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Brenna Posner

2015-01-01

Full Text Available A pesar de que los cuidadores de personas con demencia están en riesgo de sufrir estrés, depresión y múltiples consecuencias negativas para la salud, en América Latina se han realizado pocos estudios que hayan investigado el alcance de estos problemas. El propósito de este estudio fue comparar la salud mental y la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS de un grupo de cuidadores de personas con demencia con un grupo de personas sanas de Cali (Colombia. Noventa cuidadores de personas con demencia y 51 personas sanas completaron una serie de cuestionarios que medía depresión, satisfacción con la vida, estrés y CVRS. A pesar de que se planteó la hipótesis de que los cuidadores de personas con demencia obtendrían niveles más bajos de salud mental y CVRS en comparación con el grupo de personas sanas, los cuidadores sólo reportaron mayores índices de depresión. Estos resultados sugieren que los cuidadores de demencia de esta región, a pesar tener acceso a los servicios de salud, necesitan servicios de salud mental y otros recursos de cuidado. Este tipo de ayudas e intervenciones probablemente ayudarían a mejorar su salud mental y la calidad de cuidado que pueden ofrecer a las personas que sufren demencia.

Auditoría clínica de la administración de fármacos en una residencia de personas mayores enfermas de Alzheimer y otras demencias neurodegenerativas Clinical audit regarding the administration of drugs in a residence for elderly people with Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative dementias

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Mar Prado Somalo

2006-03-01

Full Text Available El equipo de enfermería de la Residencia El Sol observó cómo la administración de fármacos a los residentes conllevaba ciertos riesgos inherentes a la demencia. A partir de este hecho nos planteamos realizar una auditoría clínica para establecer qué tipo de incidencias se producía y determinar qué medidas tomar para minimizarlas. El estudio ha durado 12 meses y ha servido para identificar a los residentes con mayor riesgo, las incidencias de mayor frecuencia y buscar estrategias desde el equipo de enfermería que sean eficaces en la reducción del número de incidencias con la colaboración del resto del personal de la residencia.The Nursing Staff at the Residencia El Sol noticed there were significant risks associated to the administration of drugs to the residents given their condition of dementia sufferers. This was the starting point for a Clinical Audit whose aims are to determine what kind of incidents take place whilst administering medication and what measures can be implemented in order to minimize their incidence. The study lasted 12 months and has served different purposes such as identifying the residents at a highest risk, determining the most frequent incidents and helping the Nursing Team develop startegies with a view to reduce the number of those incidents in close collaboration with the rest of the staff at the Residencia El Sol.

Demencia secundaria a infarto talámico bilateral (Síndrome de Percheron): Reporte de un caso

OpenAIRE

Villafuerte-Espinoza, Mirla; Neyra-Ontaneda, Diego; Hernandez Vizarreta, José; Zúñiga Gamarra, Marco

2015-01-01

La parte más anterior y medial del tálamo está conectada con el lóbulo frontal, es así que un infarto bi-talámico puede producir demencia secundaria por desconexión de los circuitos tálamo-corticales. Presentamos el caso de un paciente de 65 años con el síndrome de Percheron, entidad poco frecuente que cursó con la triada de trastorno del nivel de conciencia, alteraciones oculo-motoras y trastornos cognitivo conductuales. En la angio-tomografía cerebral se evidenció una hipodensidad medial-an...

HABILIDADES PARA EL CUIDADO Y DEPRESIÓN EN CUIDADORES DE PACIENTES CON DEMENCIA

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José Hernando Ávila-Toscano

2010-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar relaciones entre lashabilidades para el cuidado (conocimiento, valor y pacienciay depresión en cuidadores de pacientes con demencia. Seevaluaron 32 cuidadores a quienes se les aplicó el Inventariode depresión de Beck y el Caring Ability Inventory. Los datosse analizaron con SPSS 18.0 Statistics empleando el coeficientede correlación de Pearson y un modelo de regresiónlineal de pasos sucesivos. Se obtuvieron promedios elevadosde conocimientos, paciencia y valor, lo cual indica un buenrendimiento de las habilidades para cuidar, mientras que lapresencia de manifestaciones depresivas se halló en el 46.9%de la muestra. Finalmente, se establece que la depresión seasoció más a los cuidadores noveles con poca formación educativay con buen nivel de conocimientos.

Demência fronto-temporal: aspectos clínicos e terapêuticos Demencia frontotemporal: aspectos clínicos y terapéuticos Frontotemporal dementia: clinical and therapeutic features

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Antônio Lúcio Teixeira-Jr

2006-04-01

Full Text Available A demência fronto-temporal é uma importante causa de demência no período pré-senil. Caracteriza-se por significativas modificações do comportamento e da personalidade, enquanto o funcionamento cognitivo avaliado por testes psicométricos tradicionais encontra-se relativamente preservado. Muitos pacientes buscam o psiquiatra em virtude dos sintomas comportamentais proeminentes, como apatia, desinibição e comportamentos perseverativos ou estereotipados. O tratamento racional da demência fronto-temporal é atualmente limitado. Os sintomas comportamentais são controlados principalmente por inibidores seletivos da recaptação de serotonina.La demencia frontotemporal es una importante causa de demencia en el período presenil de la vida. Se caracteriza por alteraciones significativas en el comportamiento y en la personalidad, mientras la función cognitiva evaluada por pruebas psicométricas convencionales resulta relativamente preservada. Muchos pacientes recurren al psiquiatra en función de síntomas comportamentales sobresalientes como apatía, desinhibición y comportamientos perseverantes o estereotipados. El tratamiento racional de la demencia frontotemporal aún se encuentra bastante limitado. Los síntomas comportamentales se controlan principalmente con inhibidores selectivos de la recaptación de serotonina.Frontotemporal dementia is a major cause of dementia in the presenium. It is characterized by significant changes in behavior and personality, while cognitive functioning as assessed by traditional psychometric tests is relatively preserved. Thus, many patients present to the psychiatrist because of the prominence of behavioral symptoms, such as apathy, disinhibition, perseverative or stereotyped behaviors. Rational treatment for frontotemporal dementia is currently limited. The behavioral symptoms are controlled mainly with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.

Técnicas de rehabilitación neuropsicológica en demencias: hacia la ciber-rehabilitación neuropsicológica

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Eva Mª Arroyo-Anlló

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Las técnicas de rehabilitación neuropsicológica están destinadas a paliar el deterioro cognitivo de pacientes que sufren una demencia de severidad leve, sin el uso de psicofármacos. Actualmente, la mayoría de estos programas de intervención cognitiva en demencias está siendo mejorada, a través de la incorporación de los avances en el campo de la Tecnología de la Información y Comunicación (TIC. El objetivo del presente trabajo es la revisión de los avances más recientes en este campo. Describiremos las técnicas de rehabilitación neuropsicológica desde las más clásicas (Terapia de Orientación a la Realidad y la Terapia de Reminiscencias, pasando por las más actuales, como las técnicas para la facilitación de la re-codificación, las técnicas de acondicionamiento del entorno y para el aprendizaje de nueva información (Recuperación Espaciada, Difuminación de los Indicios de Recuperación, Aprendizaje sin Errores y Procedimentalización de Tareas. Esta revisión finaliza con las técnicas ciber-neuropsicológicas, las cuales aplican las últimas novedades de las TIC como la realidad virtual a la rehabilitación neuropsicológica.

Retos, perspectivas y consideraciones éticas en torno a la evaluación del lenguaje en la persona con demencia Challenges, perspectives and ethics considerations over the language assessment of the person with dementia

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Beatriz Valles González

2008-03-01

Full Text Available El presente ensayo plantea una reflexión en torno a los retos, perspectivas y dilemas éticos que se presentan al evaluar el lenguaje de las personas con demencia. Esta se hizo desde dos perspectivas, una de tipo epistemológica-ontológica, dirigida a estudiar el concepto de trastorno del lenguaje y su relación con el envejecimiento. La otra, metodológica, relacionada con el análisis de las técnicas de evaluación lingüística utilizadas en el diagnóstico de las alteraciones lingüísticas de esta población. A partir de ella se proponen diferentes alternativas como: revisar el concepto de trastorno, redefinir el objetivo de la evaluación del lenguaje y profundizar en el conocimiento del funcionamiento lingüístico del adulto mayor sano como paso previo para el uso del análisis del discurso como herramienta válida para valorar la eficiencia lingüística de las personas que padecen demencia. Todas estas acciones pueden garantizar una atención ética y ajustada a las necesidades lingüísticas reales de este colectivo y de su familia.The purpose of the present study is to reflect on the challenges, perspectives and ethical dilemmas that are present when we assess language of people with dementia. This thought followed two perspectives: an epistemological and ontological one, addressed to study the concept of language disorder and its relation with aging. The other perspective, methodological, related to the analysis of the linguistic assessment techniques used in the diagnosis of the linguistic deficits of this population. Based on these perspectives, we propose useful alternatives, such as to review the concept of disorder, to redefine the objective of language evaluation and to deepen the knowledge of the linguistic functioning of healthy elderly people as a previous step for the use of the discourse analysis as a valid tool to evaluate the linguistic efficiency and to plan the intervention for people with dementia. These actions

El cuidado informal en enfermos de Alzheimer: evaluación a partir de un modelo teórico Alzheimer's disease caregivers. Assessment from a theoretical model

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Ronald Gallardo Vargas

2012-02-01

Full Text Available La enfermedad de Alzheimer, dado su curso progresivo, obliga al acompañamiento de estas personas. Quienes fungen como cuidadores informales presentan quejas por malestares asociados a la situación de cuidar. Para la comprensión de esta problemática se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal cuyo objetivo general fue caracterizar el cuidado informal de personas con demencia en la enfermedad de Alzheimer, a partir de las dimensiones comunes de los modelos de estrés y afrontamiento adaptado a las situaciones de cuidado. Se seleccionó una muestra intencional de quince cuidadores informales e igual número de familiares enfermos, pertenecientes a la ciudad de Pinar del Río. Para el cumplimiento del objetivo se utilizaron las técnicas: entrevista semiestructurada, el Inventario de ansiedad de Beck, la Escala de Depresión del Centro para Estudios Epidemiológicos, el Cuestionario de carga del cuidador de Zarit, el test Listado de problemas de memoria y de conducta, el Cuestionario de apoyo social y la Escala de modos de afrontamientos. Entre los principales resultados estuvo la presencia de estresores relativos a la cantidad de horas y actividades de cuidado. Predominaron los comportamientos problemáticos con presentación muy frecuente en la mayoría de los enfermos, refiriéndose en los cuidadores sentimientos negativos asociados a los mismos. Predominó la percepción de sobrecarga intensa, así como ansiedad y depresión. La estrategia de afrontamiento más utilizada fue la aceptación de la responsabilidad, seguida del autocontrol. La mayoría de los cuidadores perciben un bajo apoyo social. Se declara repercusión del cuidado en las áreas laboral, socioeconómica y de descanso.Alzheimer's disease, due to its gradual progression, compels accompanying persons for these patients. Caregivers complain of discomforts associated with the care of Alzheimer's patients. To be aware of this problem a descriptive and cross-sectional study

Estudio neuroepidemiológico nacional (EPINEURO colombiano

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Gustavo Pradilla A.

2003-08-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Determinar la prevalencia de ocho problemas neurológicos -migraña, enfermedad cerebrovascular, enfermedad de Parkinson, neuropatía periférica, trastornos del desarrollo neurológico, epilepsia, demencia y secuelas de traumatismo craneoencefálico- en Colombia como parte del estudio neuroepidemiológico nacional (EPINEURO. MÉTODOS: Se realizó una encuesta transversal en dos fases entre septiembre de 1995 y agosto de 1996. En la primera fase se identificó a las personas que podían estar padeciendo alguna enfermedad neurológica y en la segunda se hizo el diagnóstico específico. Se examinó una muestra de 8 910 personas distribuidas en proporción con la población de cada una de las cinco zonas geográficas de Colombia, que son las regiones central, sudoccidental, noroccidental, oriental y la costa caribe. La evaluación se realizó según una versión modificada del protocolo de neuroepidemiología de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, además de un examen físico simplificado. A los posibles pacientes de demencia identificados se les aplicó un examen neuropsicológico, diseñado para este estudio, con el fin de profundizar en los aspectos cognoscitivos. Se aplicaron las escalas de Hachinski, Yesavage y Blessed y los criterios diagnósticos del NINCDS-ADRDA para la enfermedad de Alzheimer, los del NINDS-AIREN para la demencia de origen vascular y los del DSM-IV para todo tipo de demencia. Se realizó una encuesta para determinar si había secuelas de traumatismo craneoencefálico. Las personas mayores de 12 años fueron evaluadas por neurólogos de adultos y los menores de 12 años por un neuropediatra. Se calcularon las prevalencias de trastornos neurológicos por edad y sexo, tanto por región como para el país en su totalidad, y sus intervalos de confianza de 95%. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia por 1 000 habitantes de los trastornos investigados fueron las siguientes: migraña, 71,2 (intervalo de confianza de 95% [IC95

Dolor y demencia en las personas que viven en una unidad de larga estancia

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Margarida Sotto Mayor

2015-03-01

Full Text Available El dolor es prevalente, infradiagnosticado e infratratado en las personas con diagnóstico de demencia u otros trastornos mentales. Objetivo: identificar la prevalencia del dolor y su relación con las variables sociodemográficas, clínicas y funcionales de las 80 personas residentes en una unidad de larga estancia (ULE del centro de Francia. Métodos: elaboración de un guion orientador para la recogida de datos de variables sociodemográficas, clínicas y funcionales. Registro de dolor. Resultados: El dolor tiene una prevalencia del 70% en los residentes de la ULE. Conclusión: población envejecida, sobre todo del sexo femenino, polimedicada, con pluripatología, dolor y menor conciencia de sí misma. Son necesarias medidas formativas que ayuden a los cuidadores formales e informales a identificar el dolor en las personas que no lo verbalizan y a comprender las alteraciones de comportamiento resultantes del dolor en las personas con deterioro cognitivo.

Coping in aged people with Alzheimer's disease Coping en ancianos con la enfermedad de Alzheimer Coping em idosos com doença de Alzheimer

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Juliana Nery de Souza

2007-02-01

Full Text Available The intensity of stress experiences and elaboration of coping essentially depend on individuals' cognitive assessment. Considering the cognitive impairment of elderly persons with Alzheimer's disease (DA, this study aimed to identify their coping style. The Jalowiec Coping Inventory was applied to 60 elderly, 30 in the control group and 30 in the DA group. The results demonstrated a predominance of emotion-focused coping in the DA group and problem-focused coping in the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.124. In addition, it was observed that individuals with better cognitive development in the DA group selected problem-focused coping strategies (p=0.0074. Thus, it seems there is a tendency to select evasive and emotional control strategies in demented elderly with worsened cognitive performance, rather than attempting to solve the problem or minimize its consequences.La elaboración de estrategias de ataque a las situaciones estresantes depende de la evaluación cognitiva hecha por el individuo. Considerando el déficit cognitivo de los ancianos con la enfermedad de Alzheimer (DA, este estudio tuvo por objetivo verificar el estilo de coping predominantemente utilizado por ellos. Para esto, fue aplicado el inventario de Coping de Jalowiec en 60 ancianos, de los cuales 30 individuos eran cognitivamente saludables (grupo control y 30 individuos con DA. Se observó un predominio del coping enfocado en la emoción en el grupo DA y enfocado en el problema en el grupo control, aunque no hubo una diferencia significativa. Así, parece haber una tendencia, en los ancianos con demencia, a elegir estrategias evasivas y de control emocional, en detrimento de la tentativa de solucionar el problema o minimizar sus consecuencias.A intensidade da experiência do estresse e a elaboração do coping dependem, fundamentalmente, da avaliação cognitiva feita pelo indivíduo. Considerando o déficit cognitivo de idosos com

EFEITOS DA CINESIOTERAPIA NOS DOENTES DE ALZHEIMER: ANÁLISE BIBLIOMÉTRICA

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Geraedson Aristides da SILVA

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Etimologicamente a Cinesioterapia é definida como a arte de curar utilizando técnicas de movimentos. A mesma é empregada por fisioterapeutas com intuito de prevenir, manter e recuperar funções dos indivíduos antes que doenças alcancem um horizonte clínico irreversível. Objetivo: Revisar a literatura científica acerca da aplicabilidade de técnicas cinesioterapêuticas e seus respectivos efeitos da sobre pacientes portadores da doença de Alzheimer. Materiais e Métodos: Foi realizada pesquisa nas bases de dados LILACS, PuBmed e SciELO nas línguas portuguesa, inglesa e espanhola, sendo incluídos estudos a partir do ano de 1999. Como estratégia de busca utilizou-se as palavras: doença de Alzheimer, cinesioterapia e exercício físico, de forma combinada e isolada. Resultados: Dos 1.063 artigos encontrados foram selecionados apenas vinte um, ou seja, apenas aqueles que abordaram conceitos sobre a fisiopatologia do Alzheimer, que explicassem a cinesioterapia e o efeito deste tipo de terapêutica sobre a doença. Conclusão: Verifica-se a existência de uma lacuna sobre estudos que abordem a utilização da cinesioterapia de forma exclusiva no doente de Alzheimer.

Alzheimer's Association

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... will not share your information. * Required. View archives. Alzheimer's impact is growing Alzheimer's disease is the sixth- ... Last Updated: Our vision is a world without Alzheimer's Formed in 1980, the Alzheimer's Association advances research ...

Posición y perspectivas de los médicos sobre las directivas anticipadas en pacientes con demencia incipiente

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Mercedes Mattiussi

2012-08-01

Full Text Available La demencia es una enfermedad progresiva que compromete la capacidad de tomar decisiones. Las directivas anticipadas (DA permitirían a los pacientes expresar tempranamente sus voluntades sobre cuidados a recibir en estadios finales. Los médicos de cabecera (MC están en una situación privilegiada para indagar acerca de las DA. El objetivo del presente estudio fue conocer las perspectivas de los MC sobre las DA en pacientes con demencia. Se llevó a cabo una investigación cualitativa por grupos focales y entrevistas individuales a MC de ancianos del Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires. Se realizó muestreo intencional, conformándose grupos homogéneos según edad y jerarquía. La discusión se estimuló con una viñeta. Se realizó análisis de contenido temático en equipo interdisciplinario. Participaron 12 MC de hasta 30 años; 32 de edad intermedia y 8 mayores de 45 años. Entre los jóvenes las DA tuvieron mayor aceptación. Los mayores consideran que la familia toma las decisiones y que nuestra sociedad está inmadura para estas discusiones. Otros condicionantes para la discusión fueron: dificultades prácticas para implementar las DA, el lapso temporal entre la formulación y su implementación, dificultad para predecir la evolución de los pacientes, falta de legislación y de políticas institucionales específicas. Los jóvenes manifestaron falta de capacitación para dialogar sobre DA con sus pacientes. Como conclusión, se observó que los facilitadores y barreras para la discusión sobre DA difieren según la edad de los MC. Las intervenciones que se orienten a favorecer su utilización deberían adaptarse a los médicos a quienes van dirigidas.

DIAGNÓSTICO GENÉTICO PARA ENFERMEDADES NEURODEGENERATIVAS. UN IMPORTANTE DESAFÍO PARA CHILE

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Dr. Marcelo Miranda C.

2016-05-01

Full Text Available En esta revisión se analizan las características hereditarias de las principales condiciones neurodegenerativas (demencias tipo Alzheimer y frontotemporal, enfermedad de Parkinson y otros cuadros como la enfermedad de Huntington. Se hace énfasis en la necesidad de contar con exámenes genéticos de confirmación diagnóstica en estos cuadros, lo que constituye una falencia en nuestro medio. Disponer de estos recursos diagnósticos permite una mejor aproximación al paciente, estableciendo un diagnóstico más certero, un pronóstico con más base y una asesoría genética adecuada. La implementación de una terapia efectiva para cada cuadro, estará basada en un futuro próximo en un diagnóstico más preciso de la condición del paciente y para esto los estudios genéticos son una herramienta muy importante de la que dispone el clínico, además de estudios de imágenes y de laboratorio con otros marcadores humorales.

Evaluación y seguimiento del envejecimiento sano y con deterioro cognitivo leve (DCL a través del TAVEC

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Sara García-Herranz

2014-01-01

Full Text Available El deterioro cognitivo leve (DCL se define como un estado intermedio entre el envejecimiento normal y el patológico, que en ocasiones, puede evolucionar a algún tipo de demencia, principalmente de tipo Alzheimer. La necesidad de encontrar marcadores que detecten tempranamente el DCL hace que determinados tests neuropsicológicos, básicamente de memoria, puedan ser considerados marcadores tempranos de este síndrome. La presente investigación pretende comprobar si el Test de Aprendizaje Verbal España-Complutense (TAVEC es útil en la evaluación y seguimiento del envejecimiento sano y con DCL en función de su estabilidad e inestabilidad temporal. La muestra de estudio se compuso de 179 participantes (95 sanos y 84 DCL entre 58-90 años evaluados en dos ocasiones a través del TAVEC junto con otros tests neuropsicológicos. Los resultados en el TAVEC mostraron diferencias significativas entre la primera y la segunda evaluación llevada a cabo un año después, tomando la muestra total y subdividida en sanos y DCL estables e inestables. Hubo diferencias en la ejecución entre los diferentes subgrupos clasificados en función de la estabilidad/ inestabilidad. Se concluye que el TAVEC es una herramienta útil, tanto en la evaluación de la memoria episódica verbal, como en el seguimiento del envejecimiento sano y con DCL.

Deterioro cognitivo leve: Encuesta sobre actitudes de médicos especialistas y generalistas Mild cognitive impairment: Survey of attitudes of specialists and general physicians

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Cecilia M. Serrano

2007-02-01

Full Text Available El deterioro cognitivo leve es una entidad caracterizada por el compromiso predominante de la memoria en ausencia de trastorno funcional. Ha sido asociado a un período predemencial de la enfermedad de Alzheimer. Sin embargo, se considera que otras áreas cognitivas pueden verse afectadas, pudiendo implicar también otras etiologías. Así, algunos profesionales lo consideran un término etiológico, dirigido hacia la enfermedad de Alzheimer y otros un complejo sindromático, incluyendo varias enfermedades. Otro factor agregado que generó confusión ha sido el porcentaje de conversión a demencia. El objetivo de nuestro trabajo fue evaluar la opinión médica sobre el deterioro cognitivo leve y los problemas que genera en la práctica diaria. Se adaptó el cuestionario sobre deterioro cognitivo leve de Dubois y col, 2003; 24 médicos expertos en demencia de Argentina y Brasil (16 neurólogos y 8 psiquiatras y 30 médicos generalistas aceptaron responder al mismo. Los resultados muestran que el 92% de los médicos expertos piensa que es una entidad heterogénea, no la limitan a un estadio predemencia de la enfermedad de Alzheimer; y el 63% refieren que puede empeorar. El 83% de los expertos inician tratamiento específico utilizando preferentemente anticolinesterásicos, memantine y vitamina E. La vasta mayoría de médicos considera al deterioro cognitivo leve como una entidad sindromática, que no está limitada a la enfermedad de Alzheimer; pero sin embargo, inicia tratamiento con drogas dirigidas hacia ella. La ambigüedad existente hace necesario estandarizar definiciones y reconceptualizar la enfermedad de Alzheimer en su estadio pre-demencia.Mild cognitive impairment (MCI refers to persons who are slightly cognitively impaired for age but do not meet the criteria for dementia. MCI has been related to a pre-dementia stage of Alzheimer&'s disease (AD. However, other possible diagnoses such as cerebro-vascular disease, frontotemporal

Crescimento de genótipos de frangos tipo caipira

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R. C. Veloso

2015-10-01

Full Text Available RESUMOObjetivou-se com este trabalho comparar o padrão de crescimento, mediante ajustes das respectivas curvas de crescimento por modelos não lineares, bem como estudar o desenvolvimento de cortes de carcaça em relação ao peso da carcaça em diferentes genótipos de frangos tipo caipira. Foram utilizados 840 pintos de um dia, machos, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, dos seguintes genótipos da linhagem Redbro: Caboclo, Carijó, Colorpak, Gigante Negro, Pesadão Vermelho, Pescoço Pelado e Tricolor. As aves foram alojadas em 28 boxes, sendo 30 aves/boxe, em galpão de alvenaria com acesso a um piquete de 45m², com quatro repetições. O peso corporal individual dos frangos foi medido ao nascer, aos 14, 28, 42, 56, 70 e 84 dias de idade. Para a determinação das curvas de crescimento do peso corporal das aves, os dados coletados foram avaliados por meio dos modelos não lineares: Brody, Gompertz, Logístico, Richards e von Bertalanffy. Foi empregado o PROC NLIN do SAS, utilizando-se o método interativo de Gauss-Newton. Os critérios usados para escolha do modelo de melhor ajuste da curva de crescimento foram o coeficiente de determinação, o desvio padrão assintótico, o desvio médio absoluto dos resíduos e o índice assintótico. As análises para obtenção dos coeficientes alométricos foram realizadas por meio do PROC GLM do SAS para os genótipos Carijó, Colorpak, Pesadão Vermelho, Pescoço Pelado e Tricolor. Foram avaliados os pesos da carcaça, do peito, das coxas, das sobrecoxas, das pernas e das asas das aves abatidas aos 85 dias de idade. Apenas as equações propostas por Gompertz, von Bertalanffy e Logístico atingiram a convergência, e o modelo proposto por von Bertalanffy foi o mais adequado para descrever o crescimento dos genótipos de frangos caipiras. Todos os cortes avaliados apresentaram crescimento tardio em relação ao peso da carcaça em genótipos de frangos tipo caipira.

Alzheimer\\'s Disease: Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow

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Farid Fadaei

2007-04-01

Full Text Available Alzheimer's disease is the most common and well - known cause of dementia, as a progressive, irreversible brain disorder that affects cognitive function, personality, thought, perception and behaviour. Alzheimer's disease is the fourth leading cause of death in western countries. Interesting to know that this disease was unknown in medical community till 100 years ago and had no name. Dr. Alois Alzheimer, a German psychiatrist was the person who suspected the presence of this new illness and by succinct clinical, neuroanatomic, and neuropathologic examination of some cases; including the first known case of this disease- a woman named Auguste Deter- documented it. In further Emil Kraepe1inby knowing about the cases that Dr. Alzheimer reported, and another reports of this disease that were published in the first decade of the twentieth century, set the name of Alzbeimer on this new disease. Descriptions of Dr. Alzheimer and Kraepelin are the same as the present day descriptions of this disease. Electron microscopy, quantitative morphology and modem biochemistry emerging in the second half of the twentieth century opened a new era in dementia research with description of the ultra structure and biochemistry of senileplaques and neuronfibrillary tangles, the major disease markers of Alzheimer's disease. Basic research gave insight into the molecular genetics and pathophysiology of Alzheimers disease and based on the biochemical findings, new pharmacological treatment options were opened. The future attempts will probably be concentrated on the prevention of this disease. Oxidative stress, excessive transition metal ions, and misfolded / aggregated proteins and inflammation are among the probable causes of Alzheimer's disease and the future research will focus on their better understanding and prevention of their occurrence. As the last word, stem cells grafts that in animals have led to remarkable improvement of brain function may also be a

Alzheimer's Myths

Science.gov (United States)

... home. Myth 3: Only older people can get Alzheimer's Reality: Alzheimer's can strike people in their 30s, ... Myth 7: Silver dental fillings increase risk of Alzheimer's disease Reality: According to the best available scientific ...

Time trend in Alzheimer diagnoses and the association between distance to an Alzheimer clinic and Alzheimer diagnosis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jørgensen, Terese Sara Høj; Torp-Pedersen, Christian; Gislason, Gunnar H

2015-01-01

BACKGROUND: Centralization of specialized health care in Denmark has caused increased geographical distance to health-care providers, which may be a barrier for Alzheimer patients to seek health care. We examined the incidence of Alzheimer diagnosis in Denmark between 2000 and 2009 and investigated...... the association between patients' distance to Alzheimer clinics and Alzheimer diagnoses. METHODS: Data of all individuals aged 65+ years were collected from Danish national registers. Incidences of Alzheimer diagnoses were analysed with joinpoint regression and hazard ratios (HRs) for Alzheimer diagnoses were...... analysed with Cox regressions. RESULTS: The annual incidence of Alzheimer diagnoses increased with 32.5% [95% confidence interval (CI): 7.1-63.8] among individuals aged 65-74 years from 2000 to 2002 and with 29.1% (95% CI: 11.0-50.2) among individuals aged 75+ years from 2000 to 2003. For both groups...

Divergência genética entre genótipos de frangos tipo caipira

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R. C. Veloso

2015-10-01

Full Text Available RESUMOObjetivou-se com este trabalho verificar a divergência genética entre sete genótipos de frangos tipo caipira da linhagem Redbro utilizando as características de desempenho por meio de técnicas de análise multivariada. Foram utilizados 840 pintos de um dia, machos, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, dos seguintes genótipos: Caboclo, Carijó, Colorpak, Gigante Negro, Pesadão Vermelho, Pescoço Pelado e Tricolor. Após a consistência dos dados, foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: ganho em peso médio diário, consumo de ração médio diário e conversão alimentar, para os períodos: 1 a 28, 1 a 56, 1 a 70 e 1 a 84 dias de idade; peso corporal ao nascimento, aos 28, 56, 70 e aos 84 dias de idade. O desempenho dos genótipos foi avaliado por meio da análise de variância multivariada e da função discriminante linear de Fisher, usando os testes do maior autovalor de Roy e da união-interseção de Roy para as comparações múltiplas. O estudo da divergência genética foi feito por meio da análise por variáveis canônicas e pelo método de otimização de Tocher. Os genótipos Caboclo e Gigante Negro apresentaram médias canônicas diferentes dos demais genótipos. As duas primeiras variáveis canônicas explicaram 97,41% da variação entre os genótipos. A divergência genética entre os genótipos avaliados permitiu a formação de quatro grupos com os seguintes genótipos: grupo 1 - Colorpak; grupo 2 - Pesadão Vermelho e Pescoço Pelado; grupo 3 - Carijó e Tricolor; e grupo 4 - Caboclo e Gigante Negro.

Is MTHFR polymorphism a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease like APOE? Polimorfismo da MTHFR é um fator de risco para demência de Alzheimer como APOE?

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Liana Lisboa Fernandez

2005-03-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: The role of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR gene polymorphisms as risk factors for the occurence of Alzheimer's disease (AD is still controversial: OBJECTIVE: To verify the association between MTHFR and apolipoprotein E (APOE polymorphisms and Alzheimer's disease. METHOD: This work was conducted as a case-control study. Cases included thirty patients with probable AD. Controls were constituted by 29 individuals without dementia according to neuropsychological tests paired to age, sex, race and educational level. DNA was isolated from peripheral leukocytes of anticoagulated venous blood. Genotyping of APOE and MTHFR were performed by DNA amplification and digestion. The frequences of APOE and MTHFR genotypes were submitted by chi-square test corrected by Fisher test; the APOE genotypes, to chi-square linear tendency test and the frequences of MTHFR mutant and AD, by stratificated anlysis adjust by Mantel-Haenszel method. RESULTS: There was significant difference about APOE4 and APOE2 in the groups. (p=0.002 The odds ratio increased exponentially with the increased number of E4 allele (chi2 linear tendency test. No significant difference was detected on MTHFR genotypes in both case and control groups. CONCLUSION: The APOE4 is a risk factor and demonstrated a dose-depenent effect while APOE2 allele conferred a protection to AD. The MTHFR mutation had no correlation with AD.INTRODUÇÃO: O papel do polimorfismo do gene da metilenotetrahidrofolato redutase (MTHFR como um fator de risco para demência de Alzheimer (DA é controverso ainda. OBJETIVO: Verificar a associação entre os polimorfismos da MTHFR e apolipoproteína E (APOE e DA. MÉTODO: O trabalho foi conduzido como um estudo caso-controle. Trinta pacientes com DA provável foram incluídos no grupo caso. Vinte e nove indivíduos sem demência comprovadas por testes neuropsicológicos, emparelhados pela idade, sexo, cor e nível educacional constituíram o grupo

Enfermedad de Alzheimer

OpenAIRE

Serrano Reyes, Carlos Daniel; Fundación Valle de Lili

2001-01-01

¿Cuáles son las manifestaciones de la enfermedad de Alzheimer?/ Signos de alarma de la enfermedad de Alzheimer/ ¿Cómo se diagnostica la enfermedad?/ ¿Cómo se trata la enfermedad de Alzheimer?/ ¿Qué se está investigando sobre la enfermedad?/ ¿Qué otras enfermedades se parecen al Alzheimer?

Updating the Diagnosis and Management of Dementia. Practical Contributions in our Context Actualización en diagnóstico y manejo de las demencias. Aportes prácticos en nuestro contexto

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Eduardo Fernández Casteleiro

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Considering as our main goal to expose the state of the art in diagnosis and treatment of dementia insisting in its latest advances and suggesting practical contributions for its management in our context, we offer a panoramical view of dementia as an important health problem and expose the essentials for its diagnosis and management including cognitive impairment diagnosis, variants, etiologic diagnosis, the diagnosis of demential syndrome, the importance of neuropsychiatric assessment and the treatment options. We emphasize in the need to provide appropriate orientation to families and those who take care of the elderly.Con el objetivo de exponer el estado del arte sobre el diagnóstico y tratamiento de las demencias insistiendo en los últimos avances, y sugerir aportes prácticos para su manejo en este contexto, se brinda una panorámica acerca de la importancia de las demencias como problema de salud. Se plantean los elementos imprescindibles para el diagnóstico y abordaje de esta afección, que incluye el diagnóstico del deterioro cognitivo, sus variantes, el diagnóstico etiológico, el diagnóstico del síndrome demencial, la importancia de la valoración neuropsiquiátrica y las opciones del tratamiento. Se resalta la necesidad de la orientación adecuada de la familia y el cuidador.

Noticias de la ciencia

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Oscar F. Ramos M.

1995-07-01

Full Text Available Efectos anti-androgenicos del ddt : El DDT es un pesticida órganoclorado desarrollado durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial y actualmente de uso común para el control de la malaria. / Clonacion y caracterización de un tercer locus implicado en la enfermedad de Alzheimer: La enfermedad de Alzheimer es un trastorno degenerati vo del sistema nervioso central, el cual se manifiesta en el adulto por pérdida progresiva de la memoria hasta la demencia total. / caracterización molecular de un Autoantigeno involucrado en la Esclerosis múltiple:  La esclerosis múltiple es una enfermedad autoinmune que se caracteriza por una destrucción de la mielina mediada por los linfocitos T, B Y los macrófagos.

Quiz: Alzheimer's Disease

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... of this page please turn JavaScript on. Feature: Alzheimer's Disease Quiz: Alzheimer's Disease Past Issues / Winter 2015 Table of Contents ... How many Americans over age 65 may have Alzheimer's disease? as many as 5 million as many ...

Unraveling Alzheimer?s: Making Sense of the Relationship between Diabetes and Alzheimer?s Disease 1

OpenAIRE

Schilling, Melissa A.

2016-01-01

Numerous studies have documented a strong association between diabetes and Alzheimer?s disease (AD). The nature of the relationship, however, has remained a puzzle, in part because of seemingly incongruent findings. For example, some studies have concluded that insulin deficiency is primarily at fault, suggesting that intranasal insulin or inhibiting the insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) could be beneficial. Other research has concluded that hyperinsulinemia is to blame, which implies that intra...

Quiz: Alzheimer's Disease Quiz | Alzheimer's disease | NIH MedlinePlus the Magazine

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... of this page please turn Javascript on. Feature: Alzheimer's Disease Quiz: Alzheimer's Disease Quiz Past Issues / Fall 2010 Table of ... How many people in the United States have Alzheimer's disease? as many as 5.1 million as ...

Cognitive rehabilitation for elderly people with early-stage Alzheimer?s disease

OpenAIRE

Kim, Seyun

2015-01-01

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of cognitive rehabilitation including tasks of cognitive training on performance of everyday activities in elderly people with early-stage Alzheimer?s disease. [Subjects and Methods] Forty-three elderly people (15 men, 28 women) with a diagnosis of Alzheimer?s disease who had a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score of 18 or above were randomly assigned to two groups: the cognitive rehabilitation group (experimental) and co...

Tratamento da doença de Alzheimer: avaliação crítica sobre o uso de anticolinesterásicos Update on anticholinesterase treatment of Alzheimer's disease

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OSVALDO P. ALMEIDA

1998-09-01

Full Text Available A demência do tipo Alzheimer (DA é uma doença degenerativa que há até pouco tempo não tinha nenhum tratamento eficaz. Pesquisas realizadas a partir da década de 70 revelaram que os sistemas cerebrais que utilizam acetilcolina encontram-se gravemente comprometidos nesses pacientes, o que serviu de base para a introdução da terapêutica de base colinérgica da doença. Os inibidores da acetilcolinesterase foram os primeiros medicamentos que demonstraram ser úteis para o tratamento da DA em ensaios clínicos controlados contra placebo. Este artigo revê os principais estudos desenhados para investigar a eficácia e efeitos adversos da tacrina, donepezil, rivastigmina, e metrifonato em pacientes com DA. Discutem-se, ainda, os fatores que podem interferir na resposta do paciente ao tratamento com anticolinesterásicos, bem como as limitações inerentes a esse tipo de abordagem terapêutica.Alzheimer's disease (AD is a neurogenerative disorder that had no effective treatment until a few years ago. Many studies published during the past 20 years showed that the disease is associated with the disruption of brain systems that use acetilcholine. These findings shaped the development of the cholinergic treatment strategies for AD. The cholinesterase inhibitors were the first class of drugs to show positive results in double-blind placebo controlled studies for the treatment of AD. This paper reviews efficacy and safety studies of tacrine, donepezil, rivastigmine, and metrifonate in patients with AD. Factors that may interfere with patients' response to treatment are also discussed, as well as the limitations associated with the use of this class of drugs.

Adecuación de la ingesta en una población geriátrica institucionalizada

OpenAIRE

Hernández Ruiz, Ángela

2013-01-01

Los ancianos institucionalizados son uno de los colectivos con mayor riesgo de padecer malnutrición o déficits nutricionales importantes. El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido valorar la adecuación nutricional de los menús ofertados en un centro asistencial para personas mayores, comparando la ingesta propuesta por el centro con la ingesta real de algunos de los residentes. Métodos: se seleccionó una muestra de 33 residentes con distintos tipos de demencia en un centro asis...

Understanding Alzheimer's

Science.gov (United States)

... Navigation Bar Home Current Issue Past Issues Understanding Alzheimer's Past Issues / Fall 2007 Table of Contents For ... and brain scans. No treatment so far stops Alzheimer's. However, for some in the disease's early and ...

[How to define Alzheimer's disease].

Science.gov (United States)

Poncet, Michel

2011-09-01

Alzheimer's disease, which was considered to be a rare disease in subjects aged under 65 until the seventies/eighties, has become a very common disease affecting mostly older subjects. Many consider that it is important to review the meaning of the eponym "Alzheimer's disease", and a revolution, quite literally, is likely to occur. The role of vascular lesions in the onset of dementias among older subjects is widely acknowledged; considering those dementias as Alzheimer's disease may have negative consequences for patient management. Indeed, vascular lesions can be prevented and treated, while Alzheimer's lesions cannot. It may be justified to use "Alzheimer syndrome" instead of "Alzheimer's disease" when vascular risk factors and, all the more so, vascular lesions are present. Significant progress has been made in the understanding of the pathological proteins involved in Alzheimer's disease, as well as their effects on neurons and synapses. However, the etiology of the disease is still unknown, except in the rare hereditary cases, and there is no cure for Alzheimer's disease at present. Clinical research is progressing, and diagnostic criteria for the pre-dementia stage of Alzheimer's disease were suggested. In France, the outstanding Alzheimer plan 2008-2012 should play an important role in enhancing the understanding of Alzheimer's disease, Alzheimer's syndromes and related disorders.

Microprobe PIXE analysis and EDX analysis on the brain of patients with Alzheimer`s disease

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yumoto, S. [Tokyo Univ. (Japan). Faculty of Medicine; Horino, Y.; Mokuno, Y.; Fujii, K.; Kakimi, S.; Mizutani, T.; Matsushima, H.; Ishikawa, A.

1996-12-31

To investigate the cause of Alzheimer`s disease (senile dementia of Alzheimer`s disease type), we examined aluminium (Al) in the brain (hippocampus) of patients with Alzheimer`s disease using heavy ion (5 MeV Si{sup 3+}) microprobe particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) analysis. Heavy ion microprobes (3 MeV Si{sup 2+}) have several times higher sensitivity for Al detection than 2 MeV proton microprobes. We also examined Al in the brain of these patients by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). (1) Al was detected in the cell nuclei isolated from the brain of patients with Alzheimer`s disease using 5 MeV Si{sup 3+} microprobe PIXE analysis, and EDX analysis. (2) EDX analysis demonstrated high levels of Al in the nucleolus of nerve cells in frozen sections prepared from the brain of these patients. Our results support the theory that Alzheimer`s disease is caused by accumulation of Al in the nuclei of brain cells. (author)

7 Warning Signs of Alzheimer's | Alzheimer's disease | NIH MedlinePlus the Magazine

Science.gov (United States)

... of this page please turn Javascript on. Feature: Alzheimer's Disease 7 Warning Signs of Alzheimer's Past Issues / Fall 2010 Table of Contents The ... Suncoast Gerontology Center, University of South Florida. How Alzheimer's Changes the Brain The only definite way to ...

Microsatellite D21D210 (GT-12) allele frequencies in sporadic Alzheimer`s disease

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lannfelt, L; Lilius, L; Viitanen, M; Winblad, B; Basun, H [Huddinge Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Dept. of Geriatric Medicine, (Sweden); Houlden, H; Rossor, M [St. Mary` s Hospital, Dept. of Neurology, Medical School, London (United Kingdom); Hardy, J [University of South Florida, Suncoast Alzheimer` s Disease Research Labs, Department of Psychiatry, Tampa (United States)

1995-02-01

Four disease-causing mutations have so far been described in the amyloid precursor protein gene on chromosome 21 in familial early-onset Alzheimer`s disease. Linkage analysis with a fourteen-allele microsatellite at D21S210 named GT-12 has proven useful in the elucidation of amyloid presursor protein gene involvement in Alzheimer`s disease families, as it is closely linked to the gene. Most cases of Alzheimer`s disease are thought to be sporadic and not familial. However, evidence from earlier studies suggests an important genetic contribution also in sporadic cases, where gene-environment interaction may contribute to the disease. We have determined frequencies of the GT-12 alleles in 78 Swedish and 49 British sporadic Alzheimer`s disease cases and 104 healthy elderly control subjects, to investigate if the disease associates with a particular genotype in GT-12. However, no differences in allele frequencies were observed between any of the groups. (au) (26 refs.).

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

Medline Plus

Full Text Available ... people without Alzheimer's — a rate twice as high. Invest in a world without Alzheimer's. Donate Caregivers Eighty- ... IL 60601 Alzheimer's Association is a not-for-profit 501(c)(3) organization. Copyright © 2018 Alzheimer's Association ® . ...

Qualidade de vida e sobrecarga: perfil dos cuidadores de idosos com doença de Alzheimer

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Emilene da silva Araujo

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: buscou-se, através de uma análise do perfil do cuidador de pessoas com Doença de Alzheimer, fatores que possam influenciar na sobrecarga e em sua qualidade de vida. Método: trata-se de um estudo transversal, do tipo quantitativo, composto por doze cuidadores de pessoas com diagnóstico da Doença de Alzheimer, os quais foram recrutados através do cadastrado no grupo Assistência Multidisciplinar Integrada aos Cuidadores dos Portadores da Doença de Alzheimer (AMICA, de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul. O estudo utilizou três instrumentos para coleta de dados baseados numa entrevista estruturada, que foi executada pela pesquisadora, sendo uma ficha de caracterização do cuidador, a entrevista de Zarit de sobrecarga do cuidador e o questionário de qualidade de vida (versão cuidador. Resultados: dos doze cuidadores entrevistados, observou-se que 10 eram do sexo feminino, sendo 6 filhas e 10 residiam juntamente com os idosos. Verificou-se que, em relação à qualidade de vida, 9 dos cuidadores relataram que a vida, em geral, estava boa e 9 apresentaram sobrecarga moderada. Considerações finais: através do estudo, é perceptível a importância de políticas públicas aos cuidadores de pessoas com diagnóstico da Doença de Alzheimer, para que os mesmos possam exercer suas funções com menos sobrecarga e com qualidade de vida.

Validación de la prueba de dibujo del reloj - versión de Manos - como prueba de cribado para detectar demencia en una población adulta mayor de Lima, Perú Validation of the clock drawing test - Manos´ version - as a screening test for detection of dementia in older persons of Lima, Peru

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nilton Custodio

2011-03-01

Full Text Available Introducción. La prueba de dibujo del reloj versión de Manos (PDR-M es un instrumento de evaluación cognitiva breve para la detección de demencia. Objetivos. Evaluar la validez y confiabilidad de la PDR-M para discriminar entre pacientes con demencia y sujetos controles sanos. Materiales y métodos. Se evaluaron sujetos mayores de 65 años de edad, excluyendo los que presentaban enfermedades concomitantes graves y con dificultades auditivas o visuales. Se recogieron datos demográficos y se les realizó PDR-M y Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE. A los individuos del grupo de demencia se les realizó además evaluaciones clínicas, de laboratorio, neuropsicológicas y tomografía cerebral. Se calculó la sensibilidad y especificidad de la PDR-M así como el área bajo la curva ROC. Resultados. Se evaluó 210 individuos, 103 con diagnóstico confirmado de demencia y 107 controles sanos, con edad y sexo similares en ambos grupos; y mayor nivel educativo en el grupo control. Estableciendo un punto de corte de 7 se obtuvo una sensibilidad de 99,0% y una especificidad de 83,5%. Cuando se compararon las áreas bajo la curva ROC de la PDR-M y del MMSE no se encontraron diferencias significativas. Conclusiones. La PDR-M es un instrumento breve y confiable para la detección de demencia en la población urbana de Lima en el Perú.Introduction. The clock drawing test (PDR-M - Manos´ version - is a brief cognitive assessment tool for dementia detection. Objectives. To assess the validity and reliability of the PDR-M to discriminate between patients with dementia and healthy control subjects. Materials and methods. We evaluated subjects over 65 years of age, excluding those with severe concomitant diseases and those with hearing or visual impairment. We obtained demographic data and performed the PDR-M and Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE. Subjects of the dementia group were also submitted to clinical, laboratory and neuropsychological evaluations

Neuroimaging of Alzheimer's disease

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Matsuda, Hiroshi

2005-01-01

Main purposes of neuroimaging in Alzheimer's disease have been moved from diagnosis of advanced Alzheimer's disease to diagnosis of very early Alzheimer's disease at a prodromal stage of mild cognitive impairment, prediction of conversion from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease, and differential diagnosis from other diseases causing dementia. Structural MRI studies and functional studies using fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET and brain perfusion SPECT are widely used in diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Outstanding progress in diagnostic accuracy of these neuroimaging modalities has been obtained using statistical analysis on a voxel-by-voxel basis after spatial normalization of individual scans to a standardized brain-volume template instead of visual inspection or a conventional region of interest technique. In a very early stage of Alzheimer's disease, this statistical approach revealed gray matter loss in the entorhinal and hippocampal areas and hypometabolism or hypoperfusion in the posterior cingulate cortex. These two findings might be related in view of anatomical knowledge that the regions are linked through the circuit of Papez. This statistical approach also offers accurate evaluation of therapeutical effects on brain metabolism or perfusion. The latest development in functional imaging relates to the final pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease-amyloid plaques. Amyloid imaging might be an important surrogate marker for trials of disease-modifying agents. (author)

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

Medline Plus

Full Text Available ... 501(c)(3) organization. Copyright © 2018 Alzheimer's Association ® . All rights reserved. Our vision is a world without Alzheimer's Formed in 1980, the Alzheimer's Association ...

The Alzheimer's Project

Science.gov (United States)

... Navigation Bar Home Current Issue Past Issues The Alzheimer's Project Past Issues / Spring 2009 Table of Contents ... of this page please turn Javascript on. The Alzheimer's Project A 4-Part Documentary Series Starting May ...

Estereótipos e mulheres na cultura marroquina

OpenAIRE

Sadiqi,Fatima

2008-01-01

Estereótipos sobre as mulheres no Marrocos podem ser caracterizados como crenças culturais incompletas e inexatas mantidas por algumas pessoas e que se encontram inscritos em expressões lingüísticas ou em discursos subliminares. A cultura popular marroquina emprega representações poderosas para transmitir e sustentar tais estereótipos. Embora existam alguns estereótipos positivos, a maioria dos estereótipos sobre as mulheres no Marrocos é negativa e reflete ditames patriarcais subliminares qu...

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... c)(3) organization. Copyright © 2018 Alzheimer's Association ® . All rights reserved. Our vision is a world without Alzheimer's Formed in 1980, the Alzheimer's Association is the world's leading voluntary health ...

Genetics Home Reference: Alzheimer disease

Science.gov (United States)

... Email Facebook Twitter Home Health Conditions Alzheimer disease Alzheimer disease Printable PDF Open All Close All Enable Javascript to view the expand/collapse boxes. Description Alzheimer disease is a degenerative disease of the brain ...

CARACTERIZAÇÃO PÓS-COLHEITA E SENSORIAL DE GENÓTIPOS DE BANANEIRAS TIPO PRATA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

ARIANE CASTRICINI

2015-03-01

Full Text Available RESUMO O norte de Minas Gerais é grande produtor de banana ‘Prata-Anã’ irrigada, cultura altamente suscetível ao Mal-do-Panamá. O uso de genótipos resistentes é uma alternativa, mas os frutos devem apresentar características pós-colheita o mais próximo possível da ‘Prata-Anã’, para melhor aceitação pelos consumidores. O objetivo do trabalho foi caracterizar frutos em pós-colheita, identificar a preferência e a intenção de compra de diferentes genótipos de bananeira tipo Prata. Os genótipos Prata-Anã, BRS Platina e Fhia-18. foram caracterizados no ponto de colheita (verdes e maduros (estádio seis de maturação, por avaliações químicas, físicas e sensoriais. Quando verde, ‘BRS Platina’ apresentou maior massa fresca e tamanho que ‘Fhia-18’ e ‘Prata-Anã’. ‘Fhia-18.’ teve a tonalidade verde da casca mais intensa que a dos demais genótipos. Madura, ‘BRS Platina’ foi mais firme, mas com a mesma resistência ao despencamento que ‘Fhia-18’ e superior à ‘Prata-Anã’. ‘Fhia-18’ apresentou cor da casca com amarelo mais clara e tão brilhante quanto da ‘Prata-Anã’, mas ‘BRS Platina’ teve a tonalidade de amarelo mais intensa. Bananas ‘Fhia-18’ foram mais ácidas, ‘BRS Platina’, com menor acidez titulável, e ‘Prata-Anã’, o maior teor de sólidos solúveis. Os genótipos Prata-Anã e BRS Platina tiveram maior preferência e intenção de compra pelos consumidores, sendo as bananas ‘Prata-Anã’ em dedos e ‘BRS Platina’ e ‘Fhia-18’ em dedos, buquê e penca, as mais preferidas. Entretanto, a maioria compraria bananas ‘Prata-Anã’ em buquê e ‘BRS Platina’ e ‘Fhia-18’ em penca. Enquanto verdes, os genótipos foram semelhantes à ‘Prata-Anã’, e maiores diferenças químicas e físicas ocorreram quando maduros.

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... your chapter: search by state In My Area | Alzheimer's & Dementia | Life with ALZ | Research | Professionals | We Can Help | Join the Cause alz.org >> Alzheimer's & Dementia >> Home Text size: A A A 2018 Alzheimer's ...

Alzheimer: sentidos, significados y cuidados desde una perspectiva transcultural Alzheimer: Significance, sense and care from a transcultural perspective

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mª Antonia Martorell-Poveda

2010-09-01

Full Text Available Objetivo principal: Explorar las vivencias, las representaciones y las prácticas sociales de los familiares de personas con Alzheimer en distintos contextos culturales. A la luz de tres casuísticas empíricas concretas, nuestro objetivo se centra en analizar cómo los cuidadores familiares identifican, denominan e interpretan el padecimiento y cómo establecen y desarrollan estrategias de cuidados. Con este fin, se comparan las experiencias de cuidadores familiares de la ciudad de Tarragona (España, de la Parroquia Santa Lucía, Municipio Maracaibo del Estado de Zulia (Venezuela y de Cuernavaca (México. Metodología: En base a una metodología cualitativa, centrada en el punto de vista del actor, los encuentros con los familiares cuidadores han permitido captar el sentido y el significado que adquiere para ellos la enfermedad y el cuidado circunscrito al ámbito doméstico. Como estrategias básicas para la recogida de información se utilizó la observación participante y la entrevista en profundidad. Además, para los casos de Tarragona y Cuernavaca, se realizaron sesiones de grupo focal. Resultados principales: Del análisis comparativo de los resultados se desprende un dominio de la influencia que el discurso biomédico hegemónico ejerce sobre los saberes de los familiares. Se han encontrado variados puntos de encuentro entre las vivencias, las representaciones y las prácticas sociales de los familiares de los tres contextos culturales, con escasos matices que nos permitan hablar de diferencias socioculturales en torno a las manifestaciones y percepciones sobre la demencia. Conclusión principal: Las similitudes encontradas nos hacen pensar en cómo se ha tendido a la globalización de un discurso sobre la que ha sido considerada "la epidemia del siglo XXI". La hegemonía del discurso biomédico influye en el hecho que los sentidos, los significados y los cuidados de cuidadores familiares de personas con Alzheimer en distintos

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... Home Text size: A A A 2018 Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures Download the full report: Download ... about memory loss? KNOW THE 10 SIGNS Alzheimer's Disease Facts in Each State The 2018 Alzheimer's Disease ...

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... In My Area | Alzheimer's & Dementia | Life with ALZ | Research | Professionals | We Can Help | Join the Cause alz. ... news and advances in Alzheimer's treatments, care and research. Get tips for living with Alzheimer's as well ...

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... on the latest news and advances in Alzheimer's treatments, care and research. Get tips for living with ... dementia What is Alzheimer's 7 stages of Alzheimer's Treatments Contact us 24/7 Helpline: 1-800-272- ...

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... Alzheimer's & Dementia | Life with ALZ | Research | Professionals | We Can Help | Join the Cause alz.org >> Alzheimer's & Dementia >> ... as well as simple ideas on how you can support the fight to end Alzheimer's. First name: ...

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Manifestações da apraxia de fala na doença de Alzheimer Manifestations of apraxia of speech in Alzheimer's disease

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Maysa Luchesi Cera

2011-09-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Identificar as manifestações práxicas de pacientes com doença de Alzheimer em diferentes estágios da doença e verificar as similaridades entre as suas ocorrências. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados noventa pacientes com doença de Alzheimer, 30 em cada fase da doença (leve, moderada e grave, por meio dos instrumentos: Escala de Avaliação Clínica da Demência (CDR, Mini-Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM, Avaliação das Atividades Instrumentais de Vida Diária (Índice Lawton e Protocolo de Avaliação da Apraxia Verbal e Não-verbal. Foram avaliados 66 pacientes do gênero feminino e 24 do masculino, a média da idade foi 80,2±7,2 e da escolaridade foi 4,2±3,5 anos. RESULTADOS: Na fase leve, as proporções de ensaio, repetição e adição foram semelhantes, assim como omissão, substituição e autocorreção. Na fase moderada foram semelhantes: ensaio e repetição, substituição, omissão e adição, e autocorreção. Na fase grave, todas as manifestações se assemelharam, exceto a adição. O erro do tipo adição diferenciou os pacientes em relação às fases da doença. CONCLUSÃO: Os pacientes dos três estágios da doença apresentam diferentes padrões de manifestações práxicas verbais.PURPOSE: To identify praxic speech manifestations in patients diagnosed with different stages of Alzheimer's disease, and to verify similarities among their occurrences. METHODS: Participants were 90 patients with Alzheimer's, 30 in each stage of the disease (mild, moderate and severe, who were assessed using the following instruments: Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE, Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, and the Assessment Protocol of Verbal and Orofacial Apraxia. Sixty six female subjects and 24 male subjects were assessed; mean age was 80.2±7.2 years, and mean level of education was 4.2±3.5 years. RESULTS: In the mild stage, the proportions of trial-and-error, repetition and addition were

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... a rate twice as high. Invest in a world without Alzheimer's. Donate Caregivers Eighty-three percent of ... Association ® . All rights reserved. Our vision is a world without Alzheimer's Formed in 1980, the Alzheimer's Association ...

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... health and long-term care costs. worried about memory loss? KNOW THE 10 SIGNS Alzheimer's Disease Facts ... Copyright © 2018 Alzheimer's Association ® . All rights reserved. Our vision is a world without Alzheimer's Formed in 1980, ...

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... Dementia >> Home Text size: A A A 2018 Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures Download the full report: Download ... worried about memory loss? KNOW THE 10 SIGNS Alzheimer's Disease Facts in Each State The 2018 Alzheimer's Disease ...

How Alzheimer's Changes the Brain

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Full Text Available ... Get YouTube Red. Working... Not now Try it free Find out why Close How Alzheimer's Changes the ... 4:22 Your Amazing Brain - Dementia Explained - Alzheimer's Research UK - Duration: 4:58. AlzheimersResearch UK 16,695 ...

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... date on the latest news and advances in Alzheimer's treatments, care and research. Get tips for living with ... is dementia What is Alzheimer's 7 stages of Alzheimer's Treatments Contact us 24/7 Helpline: 1-800-272- ...

TIPOS DE DISCURSO

OpenAIRE

Garcia, Afrânio; UERJ

2012-01-01

O professor Adilson Citelli, em seu excelente livro Linguageme persuasão, apresenta cinco tipos de discurso:§ discurso dominante§ discurso autorizado§ discurso polêmico,§ discurso lúdico§ discurso autoritário.

Lesao óssea em leucemias agudas linfoblásticas tipo T e TIPO nao T / nao B

OpenAIRE

Martins, Fernando Lopes

2013-01-01

Resumo: O AUTOR APRESENTA OS RESULTADOS DO ESTUDO RADIOLÓGICO DE ESQUELETO DE 61 PACIENTES PORTADORES DE LEUCEMIA AGUDA LINFOBLÁSTICA, CORRELACIONANDO A PRESENÇA OU NÃO DE Lesões ÓSSEAS COM A CLASSIFICAÇÃO IMUNOLÓGICA DE LAL TIPO T E TIPO não T / não B

Treatment of Alzheimer disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Winslow, Bradford T; Onysko, Mary K; Stob, Christian M; Hazlewood, Kathleen A

2011-06-15

Alzheimer disease is the most common form of dementia, affecting nearly one-half [corrected] of Americans older than 85 years. It is characterized by progressive memory loss and cognitive decline. Amyloid plaque accumulation, neurofibrillary tau tangles, and depletion of acetylcholine are among the pathologic manifestations of Alzheimer disease. Although there are no proven modalities for preventing Alzheimer disease, hypertension treatment, omega-3 fatty acid supplementation, physical activity, and cognitive engagement demonstrate modest potential. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are first-line medications for the treatment of Alzheimer disease, and are associated with mild improvements in cognitive function, behavior, and activities of daily living; however, the clinical relevance of these effects is unclear. The most common adverse effects of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, confusion, and cardiac arrhythmias. Short-term use of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist memantine can modestly improve measures of cognition, behavior, and activities of daily living in patients with moderate to severe Alzheimer disease. Memantine can also be used in combination with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Memantine is generally well tolerated, but whether its benefits produce clinically meaningful improvement is controversial. Although N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors can slow the progression of Alzheimer disease, no pharmacologic agents can reverse the progression. Atypical antipsychotics can improve some behavioral symptoms, but have been associated with increased mortality rates in older patients with dementia. There is conflicting evidence about the benefit of selegiline, testosterone, and ginkgo for the treatment of Alzheimer disease. There is no evidence supporting the beneficial effects of vitamin E, estrogen, or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy.

Advancing frontiers in Alzheimer's disease research

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Glenner, G.G.; Wurtman, R.J.

1987-01-01

This book contain 16 chapters. Some of the titles are: Transmitter Alterations in Alzheimer's Disease: Relation to Cortical Dysfunction as Suggested by Positron Emission Tomography; Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography in the Clinical Evaluation of Dementia; Clinical Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease; Down's Syndrome and Alzheimer's Disease: What is the Relationship; and Beta Protein: A Possible Marker for Alzheimer's Disease

The biological substrates of Alzheimer's disease

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Scheibel, A.B.; Wechsler, A.F.; Brazier, M.A.B.

1986-01-01

This book contains 21 selections. Some of the titles are: Dementia of the Alzheimer Type: Genetic Aspects; Determination of Cerebral Metabolic Patterns in Dementia Using Positron Emission Tomography; Pathology of the Basal Forebrain in Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias; Characterization of Neurofibrillary Tangles with Monoclonal Antibodies Raised Against Alzheimer Neurofibrillary Tangles; and HLA Associations in Alzheimer's Disease

Economic considerations in the management of Alzheimer?s disease

OpenAIRE

Zhu, Carolyn W; Sano, Mary

2006-01-01

Alzheimer?s disease is a devastating chronic disease that significantly increases healthcare costs and affects the quality of life (QoL) of the afflicted patients and their caregivers. Population aging and other demographic changes may further increase the already staggering costs of this devastating disease. While few pharmacoeconomic studies have used a prospective health economics design to assess resource utilization, most studies showed beneficial treatment effects and suggested potentia...

Funcionamiento psicofisiológico y susceptibilidad a la sintomatología premenstrual en mujeres Tipo A y Tipo B

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Francesc Palmero

2002-01-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo se centra en explorar el papel que juega el componente emocional del Patrón de Conducta Tipo A (PCTA en diversas áreas relacionadas con la salud. En este contexto nuestra investigación desarrolla dos objetivos diferenciados. El primero trata de constatar la relación entre determinadas características del PCTA y el mecanismo psicofisiológico en una tarea experimental de estrés real (situación de examen, considerando si existen diferencias entre los dos grupos de personas, Tipo A y Tipo B, tanto en la dimensión tónica como en la dimensión fásica de la tasa cardiaca. El segundo de nuestros objetivos trata de establecer la relación existente entre determinadas características del PCTA y la experiencia de sintomatología relacionada con el ciclo menstrual, considerando tanto la sintomatología premenstrual global, como la sintomatología premenstrual específica, diferenciando tres grandes grupos de síntomas: fisiológicos, psicológicos y conductuales. La muestra final estuvo conformada por 28 mujeres Tipo A y 29 mujeres Tipo B. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el inventario de Actividad de Jenkins (JAS, el calendario menstrual de síntomas de registro diario (CMSRD y un polígrafo que permitió registrar la tasa cardiaca. En cuanto a nuestro primer objetivo, los datos hacen pensar en la existencia de distintos perfiles psicofisiológicos en ambos grupos de mujeres; en el segundo objetivo, parece que las mujeres Tipo A experimentan de forma clara más síntomas psicológicos que las mujeres Tipo B.

Reação de resistência tipo I e tipo II a Giberela em cultivares de trigo

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Rafael Hansen Alves

2013-09-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as reações de resistência tipo I e tipo II à giberela em 28 cultivares de trigo em casa de vegetação. A inoculação de Fusarium graminearum foi realizada no estádio de florescimento. Para a resistência tipo I, a avaliação foi feita 21 dias após a inoculação. Foi determinada a severidade no estádio de espiga seca e a porcentagem de grãos giberelados. A avaliação da severidade foi feita pela porcentagem de espiguetas infectadas, no estádio de espiga verde atribuindo-se uma nota em uma escala linear de zero (nenhuma infecção a 100 (100% de espiguetas infectadas. Para a resistência tipo II, as avaliações foram realizadas aos 7, 14 e 21 dias após a inoculação, contando-se as espiguetas com sintomas da doença, excluindo as duas espiguetas que foram inoculadas. As cultivares Frontana, BRS 177, BRS 179, BRS Umbu, BRS Camboim, Abalone, Ônix, Pampeano e Fundacep 30 apresentaram menor severidade da doença e menor porcentagem de grãos giberelados, demonstrando serem fontes de resistência tipo I. As cultivares BRS Guamirim, CD 120, Onix, Rubi, Fundacep 50, BRS 179, Pampeano, Abalone, CD 114, IPR 85, Safira, BRS Louro, CD 117, CDF 2002116, CD 115, BRS 177, CD 0529 e BRS Camboim apresentaram a menor área abaixo da curva de progresso da doença, demonstrando a presença da resistência do tipo II.

Recent developments in Alzheimer's disease therapeutics

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aisen Paul S

2009-02-01

Full Text Available Abstract Alzheimer's disease is a devastating neurological disorder that affects more than 37 million people worldwide. The economic burden of Alzheimer's disease is massive; in the United States alone, the estimated direct and indirect annual cost of patient care is at least $100 billion. Current FDA-approved drugs for Alzheimer's disease do not prevent or reverse the disease, and provide only modest symptomatic benefits. Driven by the clear unmet medical need and a growing understanding of the molecular pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease, the number of agents in development has increased dramatically in recent years. Truly *disease-modifying' therapies that target the underlying mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease have now reached late stages of human clinical trials. Primary targets include beta-amyloid, whose presence and accumulation in the brain is thought to contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease, and tau protein which, when hyperphosphorylated, results in the self-assembly of tangles of paired helical filaments also believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. In this review, we briefly discuss the current status of Alzheimer's disease therapies under study, as well the scientific context in which they have been developed.

¿Existe el deterioro de categorías específicas en la enfermedad de Alzheimer?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Iván Moratilla Pérez

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Diversos estudios con pacientes con lesiones neuronales bien localizadas, como las asociadas a la encefalitis herpética, han revelado que el procesamiento de distintas categorías o dominios semánticos puede verse diferencialmente afectado. De este modo, mientras algunos pacientes muestran déficits selectivos en el procesamiento de ítems del dominio de los seres vivos, otros muestran déficits selectivos en el procesamiento del dominio de los seres no vivos. Sin embargo, en lo que respecta a patologías que provocan un daño difuso, como la enfermedad de Alzheimer, este tipo de hallazgos no se ha confirmado de manera concluyente.

Método predictivo de volatilidad tipo cambio

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Jeffrey Viales Abellán

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Las series temporales descritas por precios de ciertos activos financieros tales como el de las acciones y divisas presentan dos principales características, excesos de kurtosis y clustering de volatilidad. Para recoger estas características se han utilizado modelos no lineales tales como los modelos Garch o Volatilidad Condicionada y los modelos de Volatilidad Estocástica, ambos tipos de modelo son empleados para la gestión del riesgo cambiario a corto plazo; el primer tipo de modelos definen la volatilidad en función de la misma volatilidad rezagada y de los shocks (innovaciones de volatilidad; el segundo tipo de modelos son similares a los modelos Garch con la variante de que la volatilidad incluye por si misma un término aleatorio de tipo proceso Wienner2; estos modelos son empleados para simular caminatas aleatorias del tipo de cambio con volatilidades simuladas por las ecuación estocásticas de volatilidad.En el presente trabajo se analizará el desempeño del modelo Garch en comparación a las medidas de volatilidad utilizadas actualmente para la gestión del riesgo cambiario; sus implicaciones para la gestión de riesgos.

African-Americans and Alzheimer's

Science.gov (United States)

... Share Plus on Google Plus African-Americans and Alzheimer's alz.org | IHaveAlz Introduction 10 Warning Signs Brain ... African-Americans are at a higher risk for Alzheimer's disease. Many Americans dismiss the warning signs of ...

Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Heneka, Michael T; Carson, Monica J; Khoury, Joseph El

2015-01-01

Increasing evidence suggests that Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis is not restricted to the neuronal compartment, but includes strong interactions with immunological mechanisms in the brain. Misfolded and aggregated proteins bind to pattern recognition receptors on microglia and astroglia......, and trigger an innate immune response characterised by release of inflammatory mediators, which contribute to disease progression and severity. Genome-wide analysis suggests that several genes that increase the risk for sporadic Alzheimer's disease encode factors that regulate glial clearance of misfolded...... therapeutic or preventive strategies for Alzheimer's disease....

Parâmetros de desempenho e carcaça de genótipos de frangos tipo caipira

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

R.C. Veloso

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar as características de desempenho e de carcaça de sete genótipos de frangos tipo caipira da linhagem Redbro. Foram utilizados 840 pintos de um dia, machos, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, dos seguintes genótipos: Caboclo, Carijó, Colorpak, Gigante Negro, Pesadão Vermelho, Pescoço Pelado e Tricolor. Os frangos foram alojados em 28 boxes, sendo 30 frangos por boxe, em galpão de alvenaria com acesso a um piquete de 45m², em quatro repetições. As características de desempenho (conversão alimentar, ganho em peso médio diário, consumo de ração médio diário foram avaliadas nos períodos: um a 28, um a 56, um a 70 e um a 84 dias de idade. O peso corporal foi avaliado aos 28, 56, 70 e 84 dias de idade. As características de carcaça (peso e rendimento de carcaça, peito e pernas foram obtidas a partir do abate de dois frangos por boxe, aos 85 dias de idade. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas utilizando-se o "proc glm" do SAS. Verificou-se que, em todos os períodos, os frangos do genótipo Colorpak apresentaram maior peso corporal, consumo de ração médio diário, ganho em peso médio diário e melhor conversão alimentar. Entretanto, os genótipos Caboclo e Gigante Negro apresentaram menores consumo de ração médio diário, ganho de peso médio diário e pior conversão alimentar. Quanto ao rendimento de cortes, observou-se que os genótipos Caboclo e Gigante Negro apresentaram os menores valores, e o Carijó, Colorpak, Pesadão Vermelho, Pescoço Pelado e Tricolor obtiveram os melhores rendimentos de pernas. Para o rendimento de peito, o Carijó e o Pesadão Vermelho obtiveram os maiores valores. A escolha do genótipo deve ser feita de acordo com o interesse do mercado, pois há diferenças no desempenho e no rendimento de carcaça e dos cortes.

Calcium channel blockers and Alzheimer's disease★

Science.gov (United States)

Tan, Yi; Deng, Yulin; Qing, Hong

2012-01-01

Alzheimer's disease is characterized by two pathological hallmarks: amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. In addition, calcium homeostasis is disrupted in the course of human aging. Recent research shows that dense plaques can cause functional alteration of calcium signals in mice with Alzheimer's disease. Calcium channel blockers are effective therapeutics for treating Alzheimer's disease. This review provides an overview of the current research of calcium channel blockers involved in Alzheimer's disease therapy. PMID:25767489

[Biomarkers of Alzheimer disease].

Science.gov (United States)

Rachel, Wojciech; Grela, Agatha; Zyss, Tomasz; Zieba, Andrzej; Piekoszewski, Wojciech

2014-01-01

Cognitive impairment is one of the most abundant age-related psychiatric disorders. The outcome of cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease has both individual (the patients and their families) and socio-economic effects. The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease doubles after the age of 65 years, every 4.5 years. An etiologically heterogenic group of disorders related to aging as well as genetic and environmental interactions probably underlie the impairment in Alzheimer's disease. Those factors cause the degeneration of brain tissue which leads to significant cognitive dysfunction. There are two main hypotheses that are linked to the process of neurodegeneration: (i) amyloid cascade and (ii) the role of secretases and dysfunction of mitochondria. From the therapeutic standpoint it is crucial to get an early diagnosis and start with an adequate treatment. The undeniable progress in the field of biomarker research should lead to a better understanding of the early stages of the disorder. So far, the best recognised and described biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease, which can be detected in both cerebrospinal fluid and blood, are: beta-amyloid, tau-protein and phosphorylated tau-protein (phospho-tau). The article discusses the usefulness of the known biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease in early diagnosis.

[Calcium hypothesis of Alzheimer disease].

Science.gov (United States)

Riazantseva, M A; Mozhaeva, G N; Kaznacheeva, E V

2012-01-01

Alzheimer's disease is the most common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive memory and cognitive abilities loss. The etiology of Alzheimer's disease is poorly understood. In this regard, there is no effective treatment for the disease. Various hypotheses to explain the nature of the pathology of Alzheimer's disease led to the development of appropriate therapeutics. Despite of decades of research and clinical trials available therapeutics, at best, can only slow down the progression of the disease, but cannot cure it. This review dedicated to the one of modern hypotheses of Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis implied the impairment of calcium homeostasis as a key event for the development of neurodegenerative processes.

Polimorfismo da apolipoproteína e nos familiares em primeiro grau de pacientes com doença de Alzheimer familial ou esporádica Apolipoprotein e polymorphism in first-degree relatives of patients with familial or sporadic Alzheimer's disease

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

João de Castilho Cação

2007-06-01

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: A apolipoproteína E (apo E é reconhecida como fator de risco para doença de Alzheimer (DA. OBJETIVO: Analisar o polimorfismo da apo E nos familiares em primeiro grau de pacientes com DA familial ou esporádica do tipo tardio, comparando a famílias sem DA. MÉTODO: Foram estudados 40 pacientes com DA familial ou esporádica do tipo tardio, sendo os grupos classificados como provável, segundo critérios da NINCS-ADRDA. RESULTADO: O alelo épsilon3 foi o mais freqüente em todos os grupos. Observou-se freqüência mais elevada de épsilon4 comparando os familiares dos probandos aos do grupo controle (pINTRODUCTION: Apolipoproteín E (apo E has been recognized as a risk factor for Alzheimer disease (AD. OBJECTIVE: To analyze apo E polymorphism in first-degree relatives of patients with familial or sporadic late-onset AD comparing with families without AD. METHOD: Forty patients with familial or sporadic late-onset of AD, being both groups classified as probable, according of NINCS-ADRDA’s criteria. RESULTS: Allele epsilon3 was the most frequent in all of these groups. Higher frequency of epsilon4 when comparing the relatives of the probands with the relatives of the control group (p<0,0001 was observed. Allele epsilon2 showed significant difference only between relatives of familial AD and relatives of control group (p=0,026. CONCLUSION: Apo E polymorphism has not differentiated familial from sporadic AD. The study of families allows to amplify the alelles epsilon2 and epsilon4 representativity, revealing, their value as protecting factor and of risk for AD, respectively.

TREM2 Variants in Alzheimer's Disease

Science.gov (United States)

Guerreiro, Rita; Wojtas, Aleksandra; Bras, Jose; Carrasquillo, Minerva; Rogaeva, Ekaterina; Majounie, Elisa; Cruchaga, Carlos; Sassi, Celeste; Kauwe, John S.K.; Younkin, Steven; Hazrati, Lilinaz; Collinge, John; Pocock, Jennifer; Lashley, Tammaryn; Williams, Julie; Lambert, Jean-Charles; Amouyel, Philippe; Goate, Alison; Rademakers, Rosa; Morgan, Kevin; Powell, John; St. George-Hyslop, Peter; Singleton, Andrew; Hardy, John

2013-01-01

BACKGROUND Homozygous loss-of-function mutations in TREM2, encoding the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 protein, have previously been associated with an autosomal recessive form of early-onset dementia. METHODS We used genome, exome, and Sanger sequencing to analyze the genetic variability in TREM2 in a series of 1092 patients with Alzheimer's disease and 1107 controls (the discovery set). We then performed a meta-analysis on imputed data for the TREM2 variant rs75932628 (predicted to cause a R47H substitution) from three genomewide association studies of Alzheimer's disease and tested for the association of the variant with disease. We genotyped the R47H variant in an additional 1887 cases and 4061 controls. We then assayed the expression of TREM2 across different regions of the human brain and identified genes that are differentially expressed in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease and in control mice. RESULTS We found significantly more variants in exon 2 of TREM2 in patients with Alzheimer's disease than in controls in the discovery set (P = 0.02). There were 22 variant alleles in 1092 patients with Alzheimer's disease and 5 variant alleles in 1107 controls (P<0.001). The most commonly associated variant, rs75932628 (encoding R47H), showed highly significant association with Alzheimer's disease (P<0.001). Meta-analysis of rs75932628 genotypes imputed from genomewide association studies confirmed this association (P = 0.002), as did direct genotyping of an additional series of 1887 patients with Alzheimer's disease and 4061 controls (P<0.001). Trem2 expression differed between control mice and a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. CONCLUSIONS Heterozygous rare variants in TREM2 are associated with a significant increase in the risk of Alzheimer's disease. (Funded by Alzheimer's Research UK and others.) PMID:23150934

The pilot European Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative of the European Alzheimer's Disease Consortium

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Frisoni, G.B.; Henneman, W.J.; Weiner, M.W.

2008-01-01

BACKGROUND: In North America, the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) has established a platform to track the brain changes of Alzheimer's disease. A pilot study has been carried out in Europe to test the feasibility of the adoption of the ADNI platform (pilot E-ADNI). METHODS: Seven...... academic sites of the European Alzheimer's Disease Consortium (EADC) enrolled 19 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), 22 with AD, and 18 older healthy persons by using the ADNI clinical and neuropsychological battery. ADNI compliant magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, cerebrospinal fluid...

Amyloid beta peptide immunotherapy in Alzheimer disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Delrieu, J; Ousset, P J; Voisin, T; Vellas, B

2014-12-01

Recent advances in the understanding of Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis have led to the development of numerous compounds that might modify the disease process. Amyloid β peptide represents an important molecular target for intervention in Alzheimer's disease. The main purpose of this work is to review immunotherapy studies in relation to the Alzheimer's disease. Several types of amyloid β peptide immunotherapy for Alzheimer's disease are under investigation, active immunization and passive administration with monoclonal antibodies directed against amyloid β peptide. Although immunotherapy approaches resulted in clearance of amyloid plaques in patients with Alzheimer's disease, this clearance did not show significant cognitive effect for the moment. Currently, several amyloid β peptide immunotherapy approaches are under investigation but also against tau pathology. Results from amyloid-based immunotherapy studies in clinical trials indicate that intervention appears to be more effective in early stages of amyloid accumulation in particular solanezumab with a potential impact at mild Alzheimer's disease, highlighting the importance of diagnosing Alzheimer's disease as early as possible and undertaking clinical trials at this stage. In both phase III solanezumab and bapineuzumab trials, PET imaging revealed that about a quarter of patients lacked fibrillar amyloid pathology at baseline, suggesting that they did not have Alzheimer's disease in the first place. So a new third phase 3 clinical trial for solanezumab, called Expedition 3, in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease and evidence of amyloid burden has been started. Thus, currently, amyloid intervention is realized at early stage of the Alzheimer's disease in clinical trials, at prodromal Alzheimer's disease, or at asymptomatic subjects or at risk to develop Alzheimer's disease and or at asymptomatic subjects with autosomal dominant mutation. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Relación entre ejercicio físico y procesos cognitivos en las personas mayores

OpenAIRE

Fortuño-Godes, Jesús

2017-01-01

Este artículo es una revisión bibliográfica que pretende reflejar el estado del arte de la relación entre práctica de ejercicio físico y los procesos cognitivos en la última fase de la vida de las personas. Diferentes estudios han relacionado la práctica del ejercicio con la reducción de síntomas de ansiedad y depresión, con la mejora del bienestar y con una menor prevalencia en la aparición de enfermedades como el Alzheimer, Parkinson y síntomas de demencia. La actividad física favorece aque...

O oraloma da diabetes melitos tipo 1 vs diabetes melitos tipo 2 - um estudo comparativo

OpenAIRE

Brás, Vítor Daniel Moreira

2013-01-01

A Diabetes Melitos é uma doença de grande prevalência a nível mundial e os seus mecanismos fisiopatológicos não são ainda totalmente conhecidos. Actualmente, a terapêutica seguida em casos de Diabetes Melitos é eminentemente sintomática consistindo na administração de insulina nos casos de Diabetes Melitos tipo 1 ou quando se verifica a falência das células beta do pâncreas de pacientes com Diabetes Melitos tipo 2, ou no controlo da glicemia nos casos de Diabetes Melitos ...

beta. -Amyloid gene dosage in Alzheimer's disease

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Murdoch, G H; Manuelidis, L; Kim, J H; Manuelidis, E E

1988-01-11

The 4-5 kd amyloid ..beta..-peptide is a major constituent of the characteristic amyloid plaque of Alzheimer's disease. It has been reported that some cases of sporatic Alzheimer's disease are associated with at least a partial duplication of chromosome 21 containing the gene corresponding to the 695 residue precursor of this peptide. To contribute to an understanding of the frequency to such a duplication event in the overall Alzheimer's population, the authors have determined the gene dosage of the ..beta..-amyloid gene in this collection of cases. All cases had a clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's confirmed neuropathologically. Each Alzheimer's case had an apparent normal diploid ..beta..-amyloid gene dosage, while control Down's cases had the expected triploid dosage. Thus partial duplication of chromosome 21 may be a rare finding in Alzheimer's disease. Similar conclusions were just reported in several studies of the Harvard Alzheimer collection.

How Alzheimer's Changes the Brain

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Full Text Available ... secrets of Alzheimer's disease: exploring the brain - Duration: 6:27. Fondation Vaincre Alzheimer 348,442 views 6:27 Loading more suggestions... Show more Language: English ...

ESTUDIO DE MARCADORES BIOLOGICOS EN LA ENFERMEDAD DE ALZHEIMER

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

B. Calvo

2006-02-01

, siendo la causa mas frecuente de demencia en los paises occidentales. Su prevalencia va en aumento, debido al envejecimiento de la población. Por la edad de aparición la EA se puede clasificar en presenil ó de inicio temprano si aparece antes de los 60-65 años y senil o de inicio tardio si aparece después.En esta revisión se estudian los principales parámetros biológicos a utilizar en la enfermedad de Alzheimer e intentar diferenciarla de otras patologías degenerativas, ya que el diagnostico precoz de la EA es de gran importancia.El gen Apo E esta localizado en el cromosoma humano 19 y contiene 4 exones que codifica la apolipoproteina E de 299 aminoácidos. Las tres isoenzimas de la Apo E son la Apo E2, E3 y E4 y son productos de los tres alelos de cada locus génico. Tres fenotipos homozigoticos (apo E2/2, E3/3 y E4/4 y tres heterizigóticos (apo E3/2, E4/3 y E4/2 resultan de la expresión de cada uno de los tres alelos. La sustitución de los aminoácidos en los codones 112 y 158 conllevan a las diferencias entre apo E2, E3 y E4.Como la tau se trata de una proteína intracelular el nivel hallado en LCR es bajo. El desarrollo de una elevada afinidad por los anticuerpos monoclonales altamente específicos para la tau ha conducido al desarrollo de test para la detección de la tau en LCR y un número elevado de pacientes con Alhzeimer y controles han mostrado una elevada expresión de la tau en las células neuronales afectadas. Además los test basados en la determinación cuantitativa de la proteína tau en el LCR puede ser de gran ayuda en el diagnóstico de la EA.En la actualidad, el marcador en LCR que muestra mayor especificidad es fosfo-tau. No obstante la determinación conjunta de los tres marcadores tau, fosfo-tau y AB42 en LCR, aumenta la especificidad y sensibilidad respecto a su utilización individual.

Atividade física e sintomas neuropsiquiátricos em pacientes com demência de Alzheimer Physical activity and neuropsychiatric symptoms in elderly with Alzheimer's dementia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Salma Stéphany Soleman Hernandez

2011-09-01

Full Text Available Na demência de Alzheimer (DA é comum a presença de sintomas neuropsiquiátricos resultantes de mudanças anatômicas e bioquímicas no cérebro. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma revisão sistemática dos estudos que investigaram a relação entre atividade física e sintomas neuropsiquiátricos na DA. Efetuou-se uma pesquisa nas bases de dados: Academic Search Premier, Biological Abstracts, Medline, PsycINFO, Pubmed, Scielo, Science Direct, Sport Discus e Web of Science, utilizando-se as seguintes palavras - chave e operadores boleanos: (Neuropsychiatric disturbances OR Neuropsychiatric symptoms OR Neuropsychological disturbances OR Aberrant behavior OR Aberrant behaviour OR Behavior disturbances OR Behaviour disturbances OR Behavior management OR Behaviour management OR Disruptive behavior OR Disruptive behaviour AND (Alzheimer AND (Exercise OR Motor intervention OR training OR Physical activity OR fitness, além de referências cruzadas dos artigos selecionados. Foram encontrados oito estudos que preencheram os critérios de inclusão. Concluiu-se que bons resultados têm sido evidenciados para os distúrbios de agitação e sono de pacientes com DA. Entretanto então há um consenso de qual o melhor tipo de atividade para estes pacientes.Is common the presence of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease (AD, this is resulted of anatomical and biochemical changes in the brain. The objective of present study was to look for papers relating physical activity and neuropsychiatric symptoms through a systematic review. The following data bases was accessed: Academic Search Premier, Biological Abstracts, Medline, PsycINFO, Pubmed, Scielo, Science direct on line, Sport Discus and Web of Science, using the following key-words: (Neuropsychiatric disturbances OR Neuropsychiatric symptoms OR Neuropsychological disturbances OR Aberrant behavior OR Aberrant behaviour OR Behavior disturbances OR Behaviour disturbances OR Behavior

Alzheimer's or Depression: Could It Be Both?

Science.gov (United States)

Alzheimer's or depression: Could it be both? Alzheimer's and depression have some similar symptoms. Proper treatment improves quality of life. By Mayo Clinic Staff Early Alzheimer's disease and depression share many ...

Serotonin 6 receptor controls alzheimer?s disease and depression

OpenAIRE

Yun, Hyung-Mun; Park, Kyung-Ran; Kim, Eun-Cheol; Kim, Sanghyeon; Hong, Jin Tae

2015-01-01

Alzheimer?s disease (AD) and depression in late life are one of the most severe health problems in the world disorders. Serotonin 6 receptor (5-HT6R) has caused much interest for potential roles in AD and depression. However, a causative role of perturbed 5-HT6R function between two diseases was poorly defined. In the present study, we found that a 5-HT6R antagonist, SB271036 rescued memory impairment by attenuating the generation of A? via the inhibition of ?-secretase activity and the inact...

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... and social benefits and facilitating participation in important clinical trials, early diagnosis enables ... in Alzheimer's treatments, care and research. Get tips for living with Alzheimer's as well ...

Genótipos de haptoglobina e hipertensão refratária em pacientes com diabete melito tipo 2

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vânia Pereira Albuquerque Wobeto

2011-10-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: Tem sido sugerido que o polimorfismo da haptoglobina pode influenciar na patogênese das complicações microvasculares e macrovasculares em pacientes diabéticos. OBJETIVO: O objetivo principal deste estudo transversal foi de realizar uma investigação da existência ou não de uma associação entre os genótipos de haptoglobina e a prevalência de eventos isquêmicos cardiovasculares (angina estável, angina instável e infarto agudo do miocárdio, hipertensão arterial sistêmica, hipertensão refratária, obesidade e dislipidemia em 120 pacientes com diabete melito tipo 2, seguidos no Hospital Universitário da Unicamp, em Campinas, Estado de São Paulo. MÉTODOS: A genotipagem da haptoglobina foi realizada por reações em cadeia da polimerase alelo-específicas. As frequências dos genótipos de haptoglobina foram comparadas com a presença/ausência de doença cardiovascular, hipertensão arterial sistêmica, hipertensão refratária, obesidade e dislipidemia; medições de pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica; glicemia, colesterol (total, lipoproteínas de alta densidade - HDL e lipoproteínas de baixa densidade - LDL e triglicerídeos; assim como níveis de creatinina sérica. RESULTADOS: Embora nenhuma associação entre o genótipo de haptoglobina e a presença de doença cardiovascular tenha sido identificada, encontramos um excesso significativo de pacientes com o genótipo Hp2-1 entre as pessoas com hipertensão refratária, que também apresentavam uma maior pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica e níveis de colesterol total e LDL. CONCLUSÃO: Nossos resultados sugerem que os pacientes com diabete melito tipo 2 com o genótipo Hp2-1 podem apresentar uma maior chance de desenvolver hipertensão refratária. Estudos adicionais em populações diabéticas são necessários para confirmar esses achados.

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... and privacy policy . Plan ahead Get help and support I have Alzheimer's I am a caregiver I ... world's leading voluntary health organization in Alzheimer's care, support and research.

Alzheimer's and Dementia Testing for Earlier Diagnosis

Science.gov (United States)

... for Earlier Diagnosis What if we could diagnose Alzheimer's before symptoms started? The hope is, future treatments ... diagnosis is among the most active areas in Alzheimer's science, and funding from the Alzheimer's Association has ...

Nutritional supplementation for Alzheimer's disease?

Science.gov (United States)

Shea, Thomas B; Remington, Ruth

2015-03-01

Evidence for the benefit of nutrition in Alzheimer's disease continues to accumulate. Many studies with individual vitamins or supplements show marginal, if any, benefit. However, new findings with combinatorial formulations demonstrate improvement in cognitive performance and behavioral difficulties that accompany Alzheimer's disease. Herein, we review some of the most recent clinical advances and summarize supportive preclinical studies. We present novel positive effects on Alzheimer's disease derived from diet, trace elements, vitamins and supplements. We discuss the inherent difficulty in conducting nutritional studies because of the variance in participants' nutritional history, versus pharmacological interventions in which participants are naive to the intervention. We examine the evidence that epigenetics play a role in Alzheimer's disease and how nutritional intervention can modify the key epigenetic events to maintain or improve cognitive performance. Overall consideration of the most recent collective evidence suggests that the optimal approach for Alzheimer's disease would seem to combine early, multicomponent nutritional approaches (a Mediterranean-style diet, multivitamins and key combinatorial supplements), along with lifestyle modifications such as social activity and mental and physical exercise, with ultimate addition of pharmacological agents when warranted.

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... Join the Cause alz.org >> Alzheimer's & Dementia >> Home Text size: A A A 2018 Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures Download the full report: Download the Infographic: English Spanish Share the ...

What Do We Know About Preventing Alzheimer's?

Science.gov (United States)

... Signs of Alzheimer's Disease? / Preventing Alzheimer's Disease / Quiz: Alzheimer's Disease / Treatment Winter 2015 Issue: Volume 9 Number 4 Page 11 MedlinePlus | Subscribe | Magazine Information | Contact Us | Viewers & Players Friends of the National Library of Medicine (FNLM)

Artificial neural networks that use single-photon emission tomography to identify patients with probable Alzheimer`s disease

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dawson, M R.W. [Dept. of Psychology, Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton (Canada); Dobbs, A [Dept. of Psychology, Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton (Canada); Hooper, H R [Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Cross Cancer Inst., Edmonton, AB (Canada); McEwan, A J.B. [Dept. of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton (Canada); Triscott, J [Dept. of Family Medicine and Div. of Geriatric Medicine, Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton (Canada); Cooney, J [Dept. of Psychiatry, Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton (Canada)

1994-12-01

Single-photon emission tomographic (SPET) images using technetium-99m labelled hexamethylpropylene amine oxime were obtained from 97 patients diagnosed as having Alzheimer`s disease, as well as from a comparison group of 64 normal subjects. Multiple linear regression was used to predict subject type (Alzheimer`s vs comparison) using scintillation counts from 14 different brain regions as predictors. These results were disappointing: the regression equation accounted for only 33.5% of the variance between subjects. However, the same data were also used to train parallel distributed processing (PDP) networks of different sizes to classify subjects. In general, the PDP networks accounted for substantially more (up to 95%) of the variance in the data, and in many instances were able to distinguish perfectly between the two subjects. These results suggest two conclusions. First, SPET images do provide sufficient information to distinguish patients with Alzheimer`s disease from a normal comparison group. Second, to access this diagnostic information, it appears that one must take advantage of the ability of PDP networks to detect higher-order nonlinear relationships among the predictor variables. (orig.)

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... of Alzheimer's. Today, someone in the United States develops Alzheimer's every 65 seconds. By mid-century, someone in the United States will develop the disease every 33 seconds. GET INVOLVED. Join ...

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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... Dementia >> Home Text size: A A A 2018 Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures Download the full report: ... twice as high. Invest in a world without Alzheimer's. Donate Caregivers Eighty-three percent of the help ...

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... existing cases of Alzheimer's. Today, someone in the United States develops Alzheimer's every 65 seconds. By mid-century, someone in the United States will develop the disease every 33 seconds. GET ...

[Proceeding memory in Alzheimer's disease].

Science.gov (United States)

Arroyo-Anlló, Eva Ma; Chamorro-Sánchez, Jorge; Díaz-Marta, Juan Poveda; Gil, Roger

2013-01-01

Procedural learning can acquire or develop skills through performance and repetition of a task unconsciously or unintentionally. Procedural skills are considered as the cornerstone in the neuropsychological rehabilitation to promote the autonomy of patients with brain damage, as those with Alzheimer's disease. This review presents data about procedural skills in Alzheimer's disease. Over the past three decades, we have found 40 articles studying various procedural skills in the Alzheimer's disease: motor, perceptual-motor, cognitive, perceptual-cognitive and those developed through serial reaction-time paradigm. We analyzed every study evaluating a procedural skill, indicating the used task and preservation or no preservation of procedural learning. Overall, most of the papers published describe conservation of learning procedures or relatively conserved in Alzheimer's disease, which could be used to promote patient autonomy.

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... care. Caring for someone with Alzheimer's? Get Resources Cost to Nation Alzheimer's places a huge burden on the health care system, with annual costs exceeding a quarter of a trillion dollars. In ...

Down Syndrome and Alzheimer's Disease

Science.gov (United States)

... A A A Share Plus on Google Plus Alzheimer's & Dementia alz.org | IHaveAlz Overview What Is Dementia ... chapter Join our online community Down Syndrome and Alzheimer's Disease As they age, those affected by Down ...

Effect Size Analyses of Souvenaid in Patients with Alzheimer?s Disease

OpenAIRE

Cummings, Jeffrey; Scheltens, Philip; McKeith, Ian; Blesa, Rafael; Harrison, John E.; Bertolucci, Paulo H.F.; Rockwood, Kenneth; Wilkinson, David; Wijker, Wouter; Bennett, David A.; Shah, Raj C.

2016-01-01

Background: Souvenaid? (uridine monophosphate, docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, choline, phospholipids, folic acid, vitamins B12, B6, C, and E, and selenium), was developed to support the formation and function of neuronal membranes. Objective: To determine effect sizes observed in clinical trials of Souvenaid and to calculate the number needed to treat to show benefit or harm. Methods: Data from all three reported randomized controlled trials of Souvenaid in Alzheimer?s disease (...

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... age 65 and older and approximately 200,000 individuals under age 65 who have younger-onset Alzheimer's. ... of health care and long-term care for individuals with Alzheimer's or other dementias are substantial. Dementia ...

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... state. Read past editions . Sign up for our e-newsletter Stay up-to-date on the latest ... Alzheimer's. First name: Last name: *Email: *Zip: Weekly E-Newsletter Breaking Research Updates The Alzheimer's Association does ...

How Alzheimer's Changes the Brain

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Full Text Available ... 702,464 views 13:57 2-Minute Neuroscience: Alzheimer's Disease - Duration: 2:01. Neuroscientifically Challenged 23,314 views 2:01 The 7 Stages of Alzheimer's Disease Through a Caregiver's Eyes - Duration: 54:55. Toni ...

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... of death among those age 65 and older. It also is a leading cause of disability and ... development of biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease is making it possible to detect Alzheimer's disease and provide an ...

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... THE 10 SIGNS Alzheimer's Disease Facts in Each State The 2018 Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures report ... on the impact of this disease in every state across the nation. Click below to see the ...

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... 272.3900 Donate Alzheimer's & Dementia What Is Alzheimer's? Brain Tour Younger/Early Onset Risk Factors Genetics Myths ... Dementia Korsakoff Syndrome Related Conditions CTE MCI Traumatic Brain Injury Facts and Figures Know the 10 Signs ...

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... ACTION > Read past editions . Sign up for our e-newsletter Stay up-to-date on the latest ... Alzheimer's. First name: Last name: *Email: *Zip: Weekly E-Newsletter Breaking Research Updates The Alzheimer's Association does ...

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... This number includes an estimated 5.5 million people age 65 and older and approximately 200,000 ... who have younger-onset Alzheimer's. One in 10 people age 65 and older (10 percent) has Alzheimer's ...

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... Dementia >> Home Text size: A A A 2018 Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures Download the full report: ... twice as high. Invest in a world without Alzheimer's. Donate Caregivers Eighty-three percent of the help ...

How Alzheimer's Changes the Brain

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Full Text Available ... 632,620 views 13:57 2-Minute Neuroscience: Alzheimer's Disease - Duration: 2:01. Neuroscientifically Challenged 21,392 views 2:01 The 7 Stages of Alzheimer's Disease Through a Caregiver's Eyes - Duration: 54:55. Toni ...

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... Help | Join the Cause alz.org >> Alzheimer's & Dementia >> Home Text size: A A A 2018 Alzheimer's Disease ... people who receive adult day services and nursing home care. Take action. Become an advocate SPECIAL REPORT: ...

Early-onset Alzheimer's Disease Phenotypes: Neuropsychology and Neural Networks

Science.gov (United States)

2017-05-11

Alzheimer Disease, Early Onset; Alzheimer Disease; Alzheimer Disease, Late Onset; Dementia, Alzheimer Type; Logopenic Progressive Aphasia; Primary Progressive Aphasia; Visuospatial/Perceptual Abilities; Posterior Cortical Atrophy; Executive Dysfunction; Corticobasal Degeneration; Ideomotor Apraxia

How Alzheimer's Changes the Brain

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Full Text Available ... to treat and prevent the disease. Category Science & Technology License Standard YouTube License Show more Show less ... Mystery of Alzheimer's Disease - Duration: 4:22. Knoxville News Sentinel 34,722 views 4:22 Alzheimer's and ...

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... Share the facts: Quick Facts Prevalence Mortality Caregivers Cost Special Report Alzheimer's in each state Quick Facts Share the facts: Prevalence The number of Americans living with Alzheimer's is growing — and growing fast. An ...

How Alzheimer's Changes the Brain

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Full Text Available ... 342 views 2:01 Alzheimer's Disease, How I Stopped and Reversed It - Duration: 9:37. FightingAlzheimers 610, ... Old Man In Nursing Home Reacts To Hearing Music From His Era - Duration: 6:30. Mahmoud Abdul- ...

Early neurovascular dysfunction in a transgenic rat model of Alzheimer?s disease

OpenAIRE

Joo, Illsung L.; Lai, Aaron Y.; Bazzigaluppi, Paolo; Koletar, Margaret M.; Dorr, Adrienne; Brown, Mary E.; Thomason, Lynsie A. M.; Sled, John G.; McLaurin, JoAnne; Stefanovic, Bojana

2017-01-01

Alzheimer?s disease (AD), pathologically characterized by amyloid-? peptide (A?) accumulation, neurofibrillary tangle formation, and neurodegeneration, is thought to involve early-onset neurovascular abnormalities. Hitherto studies on AD-associated neurovascular injury have used animal models that exhibit only a subset of AD-like pathologies and demonstrated some A?-dependent vascular dysfunction and destabilization of neuronal network. The present work focuses on the early stage of disease p...

Alzheimer's disease: studies of diagnosis and therapy

NARCIS (Netherlands)

J.J. Claus (Jules Johan)

1993-01-01

textabstractDespite tremendous recent advances in the clinical neurology, neurobiology and epidemiology of Alzheimer's disease, the cause as well as its treatment remains as much a mystery today as when it was first described in 1907 by Alois Alzheimer.' Alzheimer's disease, the most common type

How Alzheimer's Changes the Brain

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Full Text Available ... ideas to treat and prevent the disease. Category Science & Technology License Standard YouTube License Show more Show ... 5:15 Your Amazing Brain - Dementia Explained - Alzheimer's Research UK - Duration: 4:58. AlzheimersResearch UK 16,695 ...

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... were diagnosed in the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) stage — before dementia — it would collectively save $7 trillion ... symptoms What is dementia What is Alzheimer's 7 stages of Alzheimer's Treatments Contact us 24/7 Helpline: ...

How Alzheimer's Changes the Brain

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Full Text Available ... ideas to treat and prevent the disease. Category Science & Technology License Standard YouTube License Show more Show ... 9:37. FightingAlzheimers 593,181 views 9:37 Kids Meet a Woman with Alzheimer's | Cut - Duration: 5: ...

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... SPECIAL REPORT: FINANCIAL AND PERSONAL BENEFITS OF EARLY DIAGNOSIS Early diagnosis of Alzheimer's provides a number of ... is a not-for-profit 501(c)(3) organization. Copyright © 2018 Alzheimer's Association ® . All rights reserved. Our ...

How Alzheimer's Changes the Brain

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Full Text Available ... to prevent Alzheimer's | Lisa Genova - Duration: 13:57. TED 721,752 views 13:57 Alzheimer's Disease, How ... scans | Daniel Amen | TEDxOrangeCoast - Duration: 14:37. TEDx Talks 5,407,641 views 14:37 5 Signs ...

How Alzheimer's Changes the Brain

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Full Text Available ... ideas to treat and prevent the disease. Category Science & Technology License Standard YouTube License Show more Show ... 1:36 Your Amazing Brain - Dementia Explained - Alzheimer's Research UK - Duration: 4:58. AlzheimersResearch UK 17,154 ...

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... SPECIAL REPORT: FINANCIAL AND PERSONAL BENEFITS OF EARLY DIAGNOSIS Early diagnosis of Alzheimer's provides a number of important benefits ... to detect Alzheimer's disease and provide an accurate diagnosis earlier than at any other time in history. ...

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... health and long-term care costs. worried about memory loss? KNOW THE 10 SIGNS Alzheimer's Disease Facts ... is a not-for-profit 501(c)(3) organization. Copyright © 2018 Alzheimer's Association ® . All rights reserved. Our ...

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... are women. Older African-Americans are about twice as likely to have Alzheimer's or other dementias as older whites. Hispanics are about one and one-half times as likely to have Alzheimer's or other dementias as ...

How Alzheimer's Changes the Brain

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Full Text Available ... The 7 Stages of Alzheimer's Disease Through a Caregiver's Eyes - Duration: 54:55. Toni Wombaker 965,067 ... 07 Day in the Life of an Alzheimer's Caregiver: Heartbreaking - Duration: 4:39. DavidNazarNews 35,452 views ...

How Alzheimer's Changes the Brain

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Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... Mortality Alzheimer's disease is the only top 10 cause of death in the United States that cannot be prevented, ... even slowed. Alzheimer's disease is the sixth-leading cause of death in the United States, and the fifth-leading ...

How Alzheimer's Changes the Brain

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OTROS TIPOS ESPECÍFICOS DE DIABETES MELLITUS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

DRA. M. Gabriela Sanzana G.

2016-03-01

En las “Diabetes Atípicas” (no incluidas en la clasificación ADA, se mencionan la DM tipo 2 en niños y adolescentes, favorecida por el aumento de la obesidad y del sedentarismo; la diabetes propensa a la cetosis, que debutan en cetoacidosis, con etiopatogenia y evolución de DM2; los Latent Autoinmune Diabetes of Adults (LADA, DM tipo 1 de lenta aparición y la diabetes postrasplante.

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... and support I have Alzheimer's I am a caregiver I am a care professional I am a physician I am a researcher Message boards Get the facts 10 warning signs & symptoms What is dementia What is Alzheimer's 7 stages of ...

Inflammatory mechanisms in Alzheimer's disease

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Eikelenboom, P.; Zhan, S. S.; van Gool, W. A.; Allsop, D.

1994-01-01

Alzheimer's disease is aetiologically heterogeneous, but the pathogenesis is often considered to be initiated by the deposition of amyloid fibrils, followed by neuritic tau pathology and neuronal death. A variety of inflammatory proteins has been identified in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's

Catarata e diabetes mellitus tipo 1

OpenAIRE

Pizzol,Melissa Manfroi Dal; Esteves,Jorge Freita; Sccoco,Caio Augusto; Roggia,Murilo Felix; Rosa,Carolina Maurente da; Lambert,José Humberto Franco; Canani,Luís Henrique

2008-01-01

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a prevalência de catarata e seus fatores de risco em uma população portadora de diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DM1). MÉTODOS: Estudo de casos e controles de um banco de dados de 181 pacientes (362 olhos) com diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus tipo 1. Os pacientes foram classificados como casos quando apresentavam diagnóstico de catarata. As variáveis estudadas foram a presença ou não de retinopatia diabética, tratamento com panfotocoagulação, presença de hipertensão arterial sistêm...

Deconstructing Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Alzheimer Disease

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Vega García-Escudero

2013-01-01

Full Text Available There is mounting evidence showing that mitochondrial damage plays an important role in Alzheimer disease. Increased oxygen species generation and deficient mitochondrial dynamic balance have been suggested to be the reason as well as the consequence of Alzheimer-related pathology. Mitochondrial damage has been related to amyloid-beta or tau pathology or to the presence of specific presenilin-1 mutations. The contribution of these factors to mitochondrial dysfunction is reviewed in this paper. Due to the relevance of mitochondrial alterations in Alzheimer disease, recent works have suggested the therapeutic potential of mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant. On the other hand, autophagy has been demonstrated to play a fundamental role in Alzheimer-related protein stress, and increasing data shows that this pathway is altered in the disease. Moreover, mitochondrial alterations have been related to an insufficient clearance of dysfunctional mitochondria by autophagy. Consequently, different approaches for the removal of damaged mitochondria or to decrease the related oxidative stress in Alzheimer disease have been described. To understand the role of mitochondrial function in Alzheimer disease it is necessary to generate human cellular models which involve living neurons. We have summarized the novel protocols for the generation of neurons by reprogramming or direct transdifferentiation, which offer useful tools to achieve this result.

The diagnosis of dementia due to Alzheimer's disease: Recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer's disease

NARCIS (Netherlands)

McKhann, G.M.; Knopman, D.S.; Chertkow, H.; Hyman, B.T.; Jack, C.R.; Kawas, C.H.; Klunk, W.E.; Koroshetz, W.J.; Manly, J.J.; Mayeux, R.; Mohs, R.C.; Morris, J.C.; Rossor, M.N.; Scheltens, P.; Carrillo, M.C.; Thies, B.; Weintraub, S.; Phelps, C.H.

2011-01-01

The National Institute on Aging and the Alzheimer's Association charged a workgroup with the task of revising the 1984 criteria for Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia. The workgroup sought to ensure that the revised criteria would be flexible enough to be used by both general healthcare providers

How Alzheimer's Changes the Brain

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Full Text Available ... Disease, How I Stopped and Reversed It - Duration: 9:37. FightingAlzheimers 593,181 views 9:37 Kids Meet a Woman with Alzheimer's | Cut - ... Oil: Ian Blair Hamilton and Cassie Bond - Duration: 9:57. AlkaWay 379,787 views 9:57 Tracking ...

Myoclonic epilepsy of late onset in trisomy 21 Epilepsia mioclônica de início tardio na trissomia 21

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Lm. Li

1995-12-01

Full Text Available We report the case of a patient with trisomy 21 (T21 with late onset epilepsy. The electro-clinical features were of myoclonic jerks on awakening and generalised tonic clonic seizures, with generalised spike and wave on EEG, and a progressive dementia. As familial Alzheimer's dementia and progressive myoclonic epilepsy (Unverricht-Lundborg type are both linked to the chromosome 21, this case may represent a distinct progressive myoclonic epilepsy related to T21.Pacientes com trissomia do cromossoma 21 (T21, com o passar dos anos, são propensos a desenvolver crises epilépticas parciais concomitantes ao aparecimento de degeneração cerebral do tipo Alzheimer. Pacientes com T21 e demência parecem ter risco maior de apresentarem crises epilépticas que outros pacientes com degeneração cerebral do tipo Alzheimer. O caso relatado é de um paciente com T21 com epilepsia de início tardio. A história clínica consiste de crises mioclônicas ao despertar, ocasionais crises generalizadas tônico-clônicas, demência e ponta onda generalisada no EEG. Demência do tipo Alzheimer familial é ligada ao cromossoma 21, bem como epilepsia mioclônica progressiva (tipo Unverricht-Lundborg. Isto sugere que este caso possa representar um tipo distinto de epilepsia mioclônica progressiva, ligado ao cromossoma 21.

Insulin and Alzheimer disease: type 3 diabetes?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andrés Jagua Gualdrón

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Alzheimer Disease is a neurodegenerative disease of central nervous system whose incidence will increase in next years. Recent investigations relate alzheimer with insulin signaling defects in neurons. Is alzheimer Disease a type 3 diabetes? In this communication write a brief article about evidences from this alzheimer‘s disease model.

Short-term memory binding deficits in Alzheimer's disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Parra, Mario A; Abrahams, Sharon; Fabi, Katia; Logie, Robert; Luzzi, Simona; Della Sala, Sergio

2009-04-01

Alzheimer's disease impairs long term memories for related events (e.g. faces with names) more than for single events (e.g. list of faces or names). Whether or not this associative or 'binding' deficit is also found in short-term memory has not yet been explored. In two experiments we investigated binding deficits in verbal short-term memory in Alzheimer's disease. Experiment 1: 23 patients with Alzheimer's disease and 23 age and education matched healthy elderly were recruited. Participants studied visual arrays of objects (six for healthy elderly and four for Alzheimer's disease patients), colours (six for healthy elderly and four for Alzheimer's disease patients), unbound objects and colours (three for healthy elderly and two for Alzheimer's disease patients in each of the two categories), or objects bound with colours (three for healthy elderly and two for Alzheimer's disease patients). They were then asked to recall the items verbally. The memory of patients with Alzheimer's disease for objects bound with colours was significantly worse than for single or unbound features whereas healthy elderly's memory for bound and unbound features did not differ. Experiment 2: 21 Alzheimer's disease patients and 20 matched healthy elderly were recruited. Memory load was increased for the healthy elderly group to eight items in the conditions assessing memory for single or unbound features and to four items in the condition assessing memory for the binding of these features. For Alzheimer's disease patients the task remained the same. This manipulation permitted the performance to be equated across groups in the conditions assessing memory for single or unbound features. The impairment in Alzheimer's disease patients in recalling bound objects reported in Experiment 1 was replicated. The binding cost was greater than that observed in the healthy elderly group, who did not differ in their performance for bound and unbound features. Alzheimer's disease grossly impairs the

Ataxia espinocerebelar tipo 6: relato de caso

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Bianca Simone Zeigelboim

2014-10-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar as alterações vestibulococleares observadas em um caso de ataxia espinocerebelar tipo 6. O caso foi encaminhado do Hospital de Clínicas para o Laboratório de Otoneurologia de uma Instituição de Ensino e foi submetido aos seguintes procedimentos: anamnese, inspeção otológica, avaliações audiológica e vestibular. O caso retrata uma paciente com diagnóstico genético de ataxia espinocerebelar tipo 6, do sexo feminino, com 57 anos de idade, que referiu desequilíbrio à marcha com tendência a queda para a esquerda, disartria e disfonia. Na avaliação audiológica apresentou configuração audiométrica descendente a partir da frequência de 4kHz e curva timpanométrica do tipo "A" com presença dos reflexos estapedianos bilateralmente. No exame vestibular observou-se na pesquisa da vertigem posicional presença de nistagmo vertical inferior e oblíquo, espontâneo e semiespontâneo múltiplo com características centrais (ausência de latência, paroxismo, fatigabilidade e vertigem, nistagmooptocinético abolido e hiporreflexia à prova calórica. Constataram-se alterações labirínticas que indicaram afecção do sistema vestibular central evidenciando-se a importância dessa avaliação. A existência da possível relação entre os achados com os sintomas vestibulares apresentados pela paciente apontou a relevância do exame labiríntico neste tipo de ataxia uma vez que a presença do nistagmo vertical inferior demonstrou ser frequente neste tipo de patologia.

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... get Alzheimer's disease were diagnosed in the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) stage — before dementia — it would collectively save $7 trillion to $7.9 trillion in health and long-term care costs. worried about memory loss? KNOW THE 10 SIGNS Alzheimer's Disease Facts ...

How Alzheimer's Changes the Brain

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Full Text Available ... suggested video will automatically play next. Up next What you can do to prevent Alzheimer's | Lisa Genova - Duration: 13:57. TED 759,201 views 13:57 The 7 Stages of Alzheimer's Disease Through a Caregiver's Eyes - Duration: 54:55. Toni Wombaker 966,865 ...

Epidemiology of Alzheimer disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Mayeux, Richard; Stern, Yaakov

2012-08-01

The global prevalence of dementia has been estimated to be as high as 24 million, and is predicted to double every 20 years until at least 2040. As the population worldwide continues to age, the number of individuals at risk will also increase, particularly among the very old. Alzheimer disease is the leading cause of dementia beginning with impaired memory. The neuropathological hallmarks of Alzheimer disease include diffuse and neuritic extracellular amyloid plaques in brain that are frequently surrounded by dystrophic neurites and intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles. The etiology of Alzheimer disease remains unclear, but it is likely to be the result of both genetic and environmental factors. In this review we discuss the prevalence and incidence rates, the established environmental risk factors, and the protective factors, and briefly review genetic variants predisposing to disease.

Tipos de pasteurização e agentes coagulantes na fabricação do queijo tipo prato

OpenAIRE

Ramos, Thaís de Melo

2013-01-01

O presente trabalho foi realizado com os objetivos de avaliar a influência do tipo de pasteurização pelos sistemas de aquecimento indireto high temperature short time, ou HTST, e injeção direta de vapor (IDV), e avaliar a influência de duas diferentes enzimas coagulantes na fabricação do queijo tipo prato. O delineamento experimental utilizado neste experimento foi um fatorial 2 x 2 x 5 inteiramente casualizado, sendo dois sistemas de pasteurização (HTST e IDV), duas enzimas coagulantes e cin...

Diabetes tipo 2 en niños: Serie de casos

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Helard Manrique-Hurtado

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: Describir las características clínicas y bioquímicas de un grupo de niños y adolescentes con diagnóstico reciente de diabetes tipo 2. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, tipo de serie de casos. Se definió caso al niño o adolescente con glucosa plasmática en ayunas mayor a 126 mg/dl, ausencia de antiGAD y péptido C mayor a 1,5 ng/dl. Se excluyeron a los pacientes con diagnóstico previo de diabetes mellitus tipo 1, diabetes tipo MODY o diabetes secundaria a uso de fármacos. Resultados: La edad media fue 14,3 años, 59% fueron mujeres y 43% tenía por lo menos un padre con diabetes tipo 2. Al momento del diagnóstico, el índice de masa corporal fue 32,8 kg/m2, 85% tenía acantosis nigricans y 68% estaba en estadio Tanner IV y V. El tratamiento inicial incluyó el uso de hipoglicemiantes orales en 75% de los casos, siendo más frecuente el uso de metformina (64,3%. Solamente el 41% de los pacientes recibía algún tipo de insulina. Conclusiones: Los niños y adolescentes con diabetes tipo 2, tienen una frecuencia aumentada de obesidad/sobrepeso, acantosis nigricans y antecedente familiar de DM2. En general, tienen mal control metabólico y reciben metformina como tratamiento inicial.

Imagine stopping the progression of Alzheimer's

Science.gov (United States)

... Issue Past Issues Imagine stopping the progression of Alzheimer's Past Issues / Fall 2006 Table of Contents For ... I have friends and loved ones suffering from Alzheimer's. But I can imagine… and hope for… a ...

Epidemiology of Alzheimer Disease

Science.gov (United States)

Mayeux, Richard; Stern, Yaakov

2012-01-01

The global prevalence of dementia has been estimated to be as high as 24 million, and is predicted to double every 20 years until at least 2040. As the population worldwide continues to age, the number of individuals at risk will also increase, particularly among the very old. Alzheimer disease is the leading cause of dementia beginning with impaired memory. The neuropathological hallmarks of Alzheimer disease include diffuse and neuritic extracellular amyloid plaques in brain that are frequently surrounded by dystrophic neurites and intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles. The etiology of Alzheimer disease remains unclear, but it is likely to be the result of both genetic and environmental factors. In this review we discuss the prevalence and incidence rates, the established environmental risk factors, and the protective factors, and briefly review genetic variants predisposing to disease. PMID:22908189

Perception of Alzheimer Disease in Iranian Traditional Medicine.

Science.gov (United States)

Saifadini, Rostam; Tajadini, Haleh; Choopani, Rasool; Mehrabani, Mitra; Kamalinegad, Mohamad; Haghdoost, Aliakbar

2016-03-01

Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. In regards to the world's aging population, control and treatment of AD will be one of the major concerns of global public health in the next century. Alzheimer disease was not mentioned with the same phrase or its equivalent in traditional medical texts. The main of present paper was to investigate symptoms and causes of alzheimer disease from the view point of Iranian traditional medicine. In this qualitative study, we searched reliable sources of Iranian traditional medicine such as Canon of Medicide by Avicenna (Al-Quanon fi- tibb), Aghili cure by Aghili's (Molajat-E-aghili), Tib-E-Akbari, Exire -E-Aazam and Sharh-E-Asbab and some reliable resources of neurology were probed base on keywords to find a disease that had the most overlap in terms of symptoms with alzheimer disease. By taking from the relevant materials, the extracted texts were compared and analyzed. Findings showed that alzheimer disease has the most overlap with Nesyan (fisad-e-zekr, fisad-e-fekr and fisad-e-takhayol) symptoms in Iranian traditional medicine. Although this is not a perfect overlap and there are causes, including coldness and dryness of the brain or coldness and wetness that could also lead to alzheimer disease according to Iranian traditional medicine. According to Iranian traditional medicine, The brain dystemperement is considered the main causes of alzheimer disease. By correcting the brain dystemperement, alzheimer can be well managed. This study helps to suggest a better strategy for preventing and treating alzheimer in the future.

Co-Design: Alzheimer og værdighed

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Brandt, Eva; Risak, Gudrun; Otterstrøm Nørgaard, Andrea

2012-01-01

”Alzheimers er ikke en identitet, det er en sygdom!” fortalte en netop Alzheimer diagnosticeret mand. Udtalelsen illustrerer hvordan mange med Alzheimer bliver opfattet og behandlet. De bliver stigmatiserede og konsekvensen er ofte social isolation. Denne artikel rapporterer fra studenterprojekter....... Via en overordnet co-designtilgang har de undersøgt hverdagens udfordringer, forhåbninger og bekymringer hos mennesker, der lever med Alzheimers enten som ramt eller som pårørende. Ved at designe forskellige ’dialogværktøjer’ er de kommet med konkrete bud på, hvordan dialog omkring hverdagsliv med...... Alzheimers kan finde sted. Et værdigt liv og en værdig behandling forudsætter at kendskabet til sygdommens mange ansigter udbredes. Designere kan her bidrage med noget vigtigt. Designere har greb og kompetencer til at kunne etablere og håndtere designprocesser, der involverer patienter, pårørende...

Active Vaccines for Alzheimer Disease Treatment.

Science.gov (United States)

Sterner, Rosalie M; Takahashi, Paul Y; Yu Ballard, Aimee C

2016-09-01

Vaccination against peptides specific to Alzheimer disease may generate an immune response that could help inhibit disease and symptom progression. PubMed and Scopus were searched for clinical trial articles, review articles, and preclinical studies relevant to the field of active Alzheimer disease vaccines and raw searches yielded articles ranging from 2016 to 1973. ClinicalTrials.gov was searched for active Alzheimer disease vaccine trials. Manual research and cross-referencing from reviews and original articles was performed. First generation Aβ42 phase 2a trial in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer disease resulted in cases of meningoencephalitis in 6% of patients, so next generation vaccines are working to target more specific epitopes to induce a more controlled immune response. Difficulty in developing these vaccines resides in striking a balance between providing a vaccine that induces enough of an immune response to actually clear protein sustainably but not so much of a response that results in excess immune activation and possibly adverse effects such as meningoencephalitis. Although much work still needs to be done in the field to make this a practical possibility, the enticing allure of being able to treat or even prevent the extraordinarily impactful disease that is Alzheimer disease makes the idea of active vaccination for Alzheimer disease very appealing and something worth striving toward. Copyright © 2016 AMDA – The Society for Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

[Anesthesia and Alzheimer disease - Current perceptions].

Science.gov (United States)

Marques, Ana Filipa Vieira da Silva Ferreira; Lapa, Teresa Alexandra Santos Carvalho

It has been speculated that the use of anesthetic agents may be a risk factor for the development of Alzheimer disease. The objective of this review is to describe and discuss pre-clinical and clinical data related to anesthesia and this disease. Alzheimer disease affects about 5% of the population over 65 years old, with age being the main risk factor and being associated with a high morbidity. Current evidence questions a possible association between anesthesia, surgery, and long-term cognitive effects, including Alzheimer disease. Although data from some animal studies suggest an association between anesthesia and neurotoxicity, this link remains inconclusive in humans. We performed a review of the literature in which we selected scientific articles in the PubMed database, published between 2005 and 2016 (one article from 1998 due to its historical relevance), in English, which address the possible relationship between anesthesia and Alzheimer disease. 49 articles were selected. The possible relationship between anesthetic agents, cognitive dysfunction, and Alzheimer disease remains to be clarified. Prospective cohort studies or randomized clinical trials for a better understanding of this association will be required. Copyright © 2017 Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologia. Publicado por Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.

Impaired awareness of deficits and neuropsychiatric symptoms in early Alzheimer's disease: the Danish Alzheimer Intervention Study (DAISY)

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Vogel, A.; Waldorff, Frans Boch; Waldemar, G.

2010-01-01

Impaired awareness may be associated with increased neuropsychiatric symptoms in moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease, but relatively little is known about the association in early Alzheimer's disease. The aim of this study was to investigate if impaired awareness was associated with a higher...... frequency of neuropsychiatric symptoms in early Alzheimer's disease. In a Danish multicenter study, 321 patients with MMSE score > or =20 were evaluated. Patients with poor insight had significantly more neuropsychiatric symptoms than patients with full insight. When patients had increasing neuropsychiatric...

Recruitment of subjects into clinical trials for Alzheimer disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Knebl, Janice A; Patki, Deepti

2010-09-01

Alzheimer disease is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder affecting millions of Americans. It reduces the ability of the individual to remain independent, places a burden on caregivers, and substantially increases healthcare costs. New treatments are being tested in numerous clinical trials with the goal of preventing or delaying the onset of Alzheimer disease, slowing or modifying the disease's course, or finding a cure for patients with the disease. Alzheimer disease research can successfully proceed only if individuals who have this illness are willing to participate in clinical trials. However, recruitment and retention of subjects in clinical trials for Alzheimer disease is a challenging task. Furthermore, because of reductions in decision-making capacities of individuals with Alzheimer disease, clinical trials also need to involve caregivers. The present article delineates unique hurdles encountered in the recruitment process for Alzheimer disease clinical trials. The article also identifies strategies for effective recruitment of subjects in Alzheimer disease clinical trials, including guidelines to help principal investigators and clinical research coordinators reach recruitment goals.

CT study in Alzheimer's disease

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Arai, Heii; Kobayashi, Kazunari; Ikeda, Kenji; Nagao, Yoshiko; Ogihara, Ryuji; Kosaka, Kenji [Tokyo Metropolitan Matsuzawa Hospital (Japan)

1983-01-01

Cerebral atrophy on CT was studied in 18 patients with clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease and in 14 healthy age-matched subjects as the control. The patients with Alzheimer's disease were divided into three groups of Stages I, II and III, according to their clinical symptoms. The study of the measurement method disclosed that the computerized measurement involving calculation of the number of pixels contained within the range of the designated CT numbers is liable to produce errors for the determination of the subarachnoid spaces and the ventricles with calcified colloid plexus. Therefore, for the present study was the method adopted, in which the subarachnoid spaces and the ventricles are measured based on the number of pixels contained in the region of interest by tracing them on the display monitor. Then, both Subarachnoid Space Volume Index (SVI) and Ventricle Volume Index (VVI) were calculated as the indices for cortical atrophy and ventricular dilatation in a slice through the level of the foramen interventriculare Monroi and other three successive ones through upper regions. Cerebral atrophy observed on CT in Alzheimer patients is attributable to Alzheimer's disease processes, rather than to physiological aging of the brain. The degree of the atrophy increases in proportion to the clinical stage, and cortical atrophy is apparent even at Stage I, whereas ventricular dilatation becomes pronounced at later stage. CT is one of effective clinical tests for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.

CT study in Alzheimer's disease

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arai, Heii; Kobayashi, Kazunari; Ikeda, Kenji; Nagao, Yoshiko; Ogihara, Ryuji; Kosaka, Kenji

1983-01-01

Cerebral atrophy on CT was studied in 18 patients with clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease and in 14 healthy age-matched subjects as the control. The patients with Alzheimer's disease were divided into three groups of Stages I, Ii and III, according to their clinical symptoms. The study of the measurement method disclosed that the computerized measurement involving calculation of the number of pixels contained within the range of the designated CT numbers is liable to produce errors for the determination of the subarachnoid spaces and the ventricles with calcified colloid plexus. Therefor, for the present study was the method adopted, in which the subarachnoid spaces and the ventricles are measured based on the number of pixels contained in the region of interest by tracing them on the display monitor. Then, both Subarachnoid Space Volume Index (SVI) and Ventricle Volume Index (VVI) were calculated as the indices for cortical atrophy and ventricular dilatation in a slice through the level of the foramen interventriculare Monroi and other three successive ones through upper regions. Cerebral atrophy observed on CT in Alzheimer patients is attributable to Alzheimer's disease processes, rather than to physiological aging of the brain. The degree of the atrophy increases in proportion to the clinical stage, and cortical atrophy is apparent even at Stage I, whereas ventricular dilatation becomes pronounced at later stage. CT is one of effective clinical tests for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. (J.P.N.)

Discrepancy between self- and proxy-rated pain in Alzheimer's disease: results from the danish Alzheimer intervention study

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen-Dahm, C.; Vogel, A.; Waldorff, F.B.

2012-01-01

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence of self- and proxy-reported pain in a cohort with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and to identify characteristics of individuals with AD reporting pain. DESIGN: Data were collected at the baseline visit of the Danish Alzheimer Intervention Study. SETTING......: Community. PARTICIPANTS: Three hundred twenty-one community-living individuals with AD (MMSE >/= 20) and their primary caregivers. MEASUREMENTS: Pain was assessed as part of the EuroQol EQ-5D (caregiver- and self-rated). The Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia, Quality of Life in Alzheimer's Disease...

Synaptic changes in Alzheimer's disease in vivo

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mueller-Gaertner, H.W.

1994-01-01

The article describes the current knowledge on biochemical changes in Alzheimer's disease. Following a summary on post mortem findings, results from positron emission tomography will be focused on. This synopsis shows that patients with Alzheimer's disease show very consistently changes in the cholinergic transmission. In addition to this, changes of the dopaminergic, noradrenergic and serotonergic system are observed. It is possible, that clinical, pathological and functional differences in Alzheimer's disease between different patients reflect variations of a single disease process. It is also thinkable, that there are subclassifications in Alzheimer's disease which are reflected in the above described biochemical abnormalities. In this case it is important in therapeutical terms to investigate these subtypes. (orig.) [de

Effects of nutrition on cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease : Dietary intervention affects relevant parameters in Alzheimer models

NARCIS (Netherlands)

de Wilde, Mattheus Cornelis

2013-01-01

Voedingssupplementen en de ziekte van Alzheimer Het verband tussen de ziekte van Alzheimer (AD) en voeding wordt sinds ongeveer 25 jaar herkend. De laatste paar jaar wordt steeds duidelijker dat vooral combinaties van voedingsstoffen potentie hebben voor behandelingsdoeleinden. Het onderzoek van

Modern approach in the therapy of Alzheimer's disease

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

D. I. Rodin

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Alzheimer's disease is a well-known neurodegenerative disorder. One of its main risk factors is age. Due to a worldwide increase of human longevity Alzheimer's disease became the most common form of dementia. The disease has been studied in different countries for many decades but still its etiology remains unclear. By now there is no cure for Alzheimer's, moreover there are no that can at least slow down the disease progression. In this review we made an attempt to summarize all current studies of the most advanced drugs for Alzheimer's.

Developing novel blood-based biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Snyder, Heather M; Carrillo, Maria C; Grodstein, Francine

2014-01-01

Alzheimer's disease is the public health crisis of the 21st century. There is a clear need for a widely available, inexpensive and reliable method to diagnosis Alzheimer's disease in the earliest stages, track disease progression, and accelerate clinical development of new therapeutics. One avenue...... of research being explored is blood based biomarkers. In April 2012, the Alzheimer's Association and the Alzheimer's Drug Discovery Foundation convened top scientists from around the world to discuss the state of blood based biomarker development. This manuscript summarizes the meeting and the resultant...

Effectiveness of Music Therapy in Alzheimer Patients: Systematic Review

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Neslihan Lok

Full Text Available The incidence of Alzheimers disease increases with advancing age. This increase cause significant economic and emotional burden on family and national health care system which makes Alzheimers disease a national issue to be considered. Music therapy could be an alternative treatment approach in Alzheimer's disease. Especially in the second stage of Alzheimers disease, growth and expansion of amyloid plaques results in anger and aggression among patients. Calming effects of music might be beneficial in management of patients during this period. This study is a systematic review of researches conducted to determine the effects of music therapy in Alzheimer's diseases. In sum results have supported possible positive effects of music therapy on Alzheimer patients. [Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar - Current Approaches in Psychiatry 2016; 8(3.000: 266-274

Asbestos exposure and Alzheimer disease

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bianchi, C; Bittesini, L; Brollo, A

1986-02-01

10 cases in which an asbestos-related disease (malignant pleural mesothelioma or asbestosis) was associated with severe Alzheimer type lesions in the brain are reported. The patients, all males aged between 67 and 78 years, had been occupationally exposed to asbestos in the shipbuilding industry. The hypothesis that asbestos is a favoring factor in the genesis of Alzheimer disease is discussed.

Biometria e armazenamento de sementes de genótipos de cacaueiro

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Lucimara Ribeiro Venial

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Genótipos de Theobroma cacao L. devem ser melhor estudados, para se identificar aqueles que produzem sementes mais desenvolvidas e viáveis após o armazenamento. Objetivou-se com este trabalho estudar a biometria e dois tempos de armazenamento de sementes de genótipos de cacaueiro. A biometria foi avaliada em oito genótipos de cacaueiro (tratamentos. Foram instalados testes de germinação em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, no esquema fatorial 8 x 2 (genótipos: CCN51, PH16, CEPEC2002, Ipiranga, SJ02, PS1319, TSH1188 e Comum x dois períodos de armazenamento: 0 e dois dias. O genótipo TSH1188 apresentou maior comprimento, relação comprimento/largura, espessura e massa de 100 sementes. A absorção de água das sementes recém-colhidas dos genótipos é lenta, justificada pelos altos teores de água, o que não caracteriza padrão-trifásico. Os teores de água reduziram em média 2,3 vezes nas sementes armazenadas em relação às recém-colhidas. A germinação das sementes recém-colhidas dos genótipos foi de 100%. Após o armazenamento, as sementes do PS1319 apresentaram a menor redução da germinação (39%, enquanto as dos PH16, CEPEC2002 e SJ02 reduziram 96%. A velocidade de germinação foi maior e o tempo médio menor que dois dias nas sementes recém-colhidas do PS1319, indicando serem mais tolerante à dessecação. Sugere-se o uso dos genótipos TSH1188 e PS1319 em programas de melhoramento genético.

Polimorfismos del gen ApoE en individuos con síndrome de Down y sus progenitores en una población colombiana

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Lucero Rengifo

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Introducción. Los polimorfismos en el gen ApoE se han examinado en el síndrome de Down debido a la relación existente de la isoforma E4 con la demencia de tipo Alzheimer que aparece en los individuos con síndrome de Down. Objetivos. Determinar los polimorfismos en el gen ApoE en individuos con síndrome de Down y sus progenitores, y buscar su asociación. Materiales y métodos. Mediante PCR-RFLP, se analizaron los polimorfismos del gen ApoE en 134 individuos jóvenes con síndrome de Down, 87 madres y 54 padres del eje cafetero, y se compararon con una población control de 525 individuos sanos. Resultados. El alelo APOEε3 y el genotipo ε3/ε3 fueron los más frecuentes en todas las poblaciones. La frecuencia alélica de APOEε2 es muy baja y ε2/ε2 está ausente en las poblaciones con síndrome de Down y sus progenitores. El alelo APOEε4 fue más frecuente en individuos con síndrome de Down que en el resto de poblaciones analizadas. Al comparar las frecuencias alélicas y genotípicas entre las poblaciones con síndrome de Down y los progenitores con la población control, mediante la χ2 de Pearson y los odds ratios por la prueba exacta de Fisher, no se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas. Conclusiones. No se encontró asociación entre los polimorfismos del gen ApoE y el síndrome de Down. Es posible que el tamaño de la muestra o las influencias étnicas hubieran afectado estos resultados. Es necesario hacer otros estudios en poblaciones colombianas y evaluar la asociación con otros genes que se encuentran relacionados con la enfermedad de Alzheimer.   doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.v32i2.427

Regional differences in astrocyte activation in HIV-associated dementia Diferencias regionales en la activación astrocitaria en demencia asociada a HIV

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María C. Vanzani

2006-04-01

Full Text Available Since astrogliosis is a histological marker usually observed in HIV-associated dementia (HIV-D, we decided to investigate the potential relationship between the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP and the regional distribution of cells positive (+ for this specific marker of astrocyte activation. Histological sections of brain tissues obtained at necropsy from 5 HIV-D patients and 5 age-matched controls without history of neuropsychiatric illness were immunostained with peroxidase. Mean numbers of GFAP(+ astrocytes were significantly increased in entorhinal cortex, hippocampus and subcortical white matter of patients, but values in frontal cortex and basal ganglia were similar to those of controls. In contrast, surface density of immunoreactive GFAP was significantly increased in all tested brain areas from all patients, including unusually affected regions such as entorhinal cortex and hippocampus. Therefore, such consistent finding of hypertrophic astrocytes, ranging from highest cell percentajes in subcortical white matter to lowest in basal ganglia indicates that quantification of surface density in GFAP (+ cells appears to be a more reliable approach to score gliosis than the counting of their cell nuclei. Because astrocyte activation involves both protective and detrimental effects on adjacent neuronal subsets, the evidence of regional differences in this reactive potential highlights the importance of accurately defining their contribution to the neuropathogenesis not only of HIV-D, but of a wide range of neurodegenerative disorders.Siendo la astrogliosis un signo histológico habitualmente presente en demencia asociada a HIV, se investigó la eventual relación entre expresión de proteína gliofibrilar ácida (GFAP y localización regional de células positivas para ese marcador específico de la activación astrocitaria. Por inmunoperoxidasa, se procesaron cortes histológicos de tejidos cerebrales obtenidos por

Association of apolipoprotein E allele {epsilon}4 with late-onset sporadic Alzheimer`s disease

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lucotte, G.; David, F.; Berriche, S. [Regional Center of Neurogenetics, Reims (France)] [and others

1994-09-15

Apolipoprotein E, type {epsilon}4 allele (ApoE {epsilon}4), is associated with late-onset sporadic Alzheimer`s disease (AD) in French patients. The association is highly significant (0.45 AD versus 0.12 controls for {epsilon}4 allele frequencies). These data support the involvement of ApoE {epsilon}4 allele as a very important risk factor for the clinical expression of AD. 22 refs., 1 fig., 3 tabs.

Harmonized diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer's disease

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Morris, J C; Blennow, K; Froelich, L

2014-01-01

BACKGROUND: Two major sets of criteria for the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) recently have been published, one from an International Working Group (IWG) and the other from working groups convened by the National Institute on Aging (NIA) and the Alzheimer's Association (AA...

Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease

Science.gov (United States)

Heneka, Michael T.; Carson, Monica J.; El Khoury, Joseph; Landreth, Gary E.; Brosseron, Frederik; Feinstein, Douglas L.; Jacobs, Andreas H.; Wyss-Coray, Tony; Vitorica, Javier; Ransohoff, Richard M.; Herrup, Karl; Frautschy, Sally A.; Finsen, Bente; Brown, Guy C.; Verkhratsky, Alexei; Yamanaka, Koji; Koistinaho, Jari; Latz, Eicke; Halle, Annett; Petzold, Gabor C.; Town, Terrence; Morgan, Dave; Shinohara, Mari L.; Perry, V. Hugh; Holmes, Clive; Bazan, Nicolas G.; Brooks, David J.; Hunot, Stephane; Joseph, Bertrand; Deigendesch, Nikolaus; Garaschuk, Olga; Boddeke, Erik; Dinarello, Charles A.; Breitner, John C.; Cole, Greg M.; Golenbock, Douglas T.; Kummer, Markus P.

2018-01-01

Increasing evidence suggests that Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis is not restricted to the neuronal compartment but strongly interacts with immunological mechanisms in the brain. Misfolded and aggregated proteins bind to pattern recognition receptors on micro- and astroglia and trigger an innate immune response, characterized by the release of inflammatory mediators, which contribute to disease progression and severity. Genome wide analysis suggests that several genes, which increase the risk for sporadic Alzheimer's disease en-code for factors that regulate glial clearance of misfolded proteins and the inflammatory reaction. External factors, including systemic inflammation and obesity are likely to interfere with the immunological processes of the brain and further promote disease progression. This re-view provides an overview on the current knowledge and focuses on the most recent and exciting findings. Modulation of risk factors and intervention with the described immune mechanisms are likely to lead to future preventive or therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer's disease. PMID:25792098

Apatia na doença de Alzheimer Apathy in Alzheimer's disease

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Antônio Lúcio Teixeira-Jr

2006-09-01

Full Text Available Apatia é a mais comum síndrome neuropsiquiátrica na doença de Alzheimer, afetando entre 30 e 60% dos pacientes. Pode ser definida como perda de motivação e se manifesta com alterações afetivas, cognitivas e comportamentais, determinando, respectivamente, redução da resposta emocional, perda de autocrítica e retração social. Nesse artigo, são apresentadas as características clínicas da síndrome apática e suas perspectivas terapêuticas. Conclui-se que há uma superposição considerável entre apatia e depressão na doença de Alzheimer, mas ambas as condições são consideradas síndromes independentes. Intervenções farmacológicas para apatia incluem psicoestimulantes, como o metilfenidato, agentes dopaminérgicos e inibidores de colinesterase; mas os resultados são controversos e não há tratamento estabelecido.Apathy is the most common neuropsychiatry syndrome in Alzheimer's disease affecting 30-60% of patients. It can be defined as a loss of motivation and manifests in affect, cognition and behavioral changes, determining blunted emotional response, lack of insight and social retraction, respectively. In this paper, the clinical features and the therapeutic perspectives of apathy are presented. There is considerable overlap between apathy and depression in Alzheimer's disease, but both are considered discrete syndromes. Pharmacological interventions for apathy include psychostimulants, such as methylphenidate, dopaminergic agents and cholinesterase inhibitors, but the results are controversial and there is no established treatment.

Effect and mechanism of acupuncture on Alzheimer's disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Zeng, Bai-Yun; Salvage, Sarah; Jenner, Peter

2013-01-01

Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia diagnosed in the aging population worldwide. The cause of Alzheimer's is still not clear. There is no cure for the disease and current treatments are only symptomatic relieve. The search for new treatment is made ever more urgent due to increasing population aging. Acupuncture has been in practice in China for more than 3000 years and used to treat a wide variety of conditions including cardiovascular and psychiatric diseases, acute, and chronic pain. In this chapter, we review recent development on the effects and mechanisms of acupuncture on Alzheimer's disease. In Alzheimer's animal models, acupuncture stimulation at acupoints enhances cholinergic neurotransmission, trophic factor releasing, reduces apoptotic and oxidative damages, improves synaptic plasticity and decreases the levels of Aβ proteins in the hippocampus and relevant brain regions. The biochemical modulations by acupuncture in the brains of Alzheimer's models are correlated with the cognitive improvement. In Alzheimer's patients, functional brain images demonstrated that acupuncture increased in the activity in the temporal lobe and prefrontal lobe which are related to the memory and cognitive function. Although only a few acupuncture clinical studies with a small number of participants are reported, they represent an important step forward in the research of both acupuncture and Alzheimer's. Translation of acupuncture research in animal model studies into the human subjects will undoubtedly enhance acupuncture efficacy in clinical study and treatment which could eventually lead to a safer, well-tolerated and inexpensive form of care for Alzheimer's patients. © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The Global Alzheimer's Association Interactive Network.

Science.gov (United States)

Toga, Arthur W; Neu, Scott C; Bhatt, Priya; Crawford, Karen L; Ashish, Naveen

2016-01-01

The Global Alzheimer's Association Interactive Network (GAAIN) is consolidating the efforts of independent Alzheimer's disease data repositories around the world with the goals of revealing more insights into the causes of Alzheimer's disease, improving treatments, and designing preventative measures that delay the onset of physical symptoms. We developed a system for federating these repositories that is reliant on the tenets that (1) its participants require incentives to join, (2) joining the network is not disruptive to existing repository systems, and (3) the data ownership rights of its members are protected. We are currently in various phases of recruitment with over 55 data repositories in North America, Europe, Asia, and Australia and can presently query >250,000 subjects using GAAIN's search interfaces. GAAIN's data sharing philosophy, which guided our architectural choices, is conducive to motivating membership in a voluntary data sharing network. Copyright © 2016 The Alzheimer's Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Homocysteine, antioxidant vitamins and lipids as biomarkers of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease versus non-Alzheimer's dementia.

Science.gov (United States)

Raszewski, Grzegorz; Chwedorowicz, Roman; Chwedorowicz, Agnieszka; Gustaw Rothenberg, Katarzyna

2016-01-01

Evidence for the benefit of antioxidants' based therapeutic intervention in dementia are inconsistent. Parallel studies in disease forms of dementia different than Alzheimer's are even less conclusive. In this study, the role of serum levels of homocysteine (tHcy), lipids and antioxidants in predicting the risk of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD) versus non-Alzheimer's dementias (n-AD). The objective was to add to the ongoing cumulative research to establish the biochemical baseline for potential nutri-therapeutic intervention in different forms of dementia. 65 participants with dementia (DP-s) were divided into two groups: ADP--patients with Alzheimer's disease and n-ADP--patients with dementia of a different etiology than primary neurodegenerative dementia in the course of Alzheimer's disease. Cognitive function was assessed by Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and related to plasma levels of tHcy, folate, vitamins B-6, B-12, lipids and vitamins A and E for both groups. Also examined were associations between cognitive impairment and several variables (age, education, duration of dementia) that might confound nutrition-cognition associations. A significant reduction in serum vitamin A levels and elevation of total cholesterol levels were shown for the DP-s group compared to those in the control group. Moreover, significant differences were found in MMSE data and serum vitamin E and tHcy levels between patients with ADP and n-ADP. The scores for MMSE showed a correlation with the vitamin E levels and duration of dementia in the ADP group and/or correlation with tHcy, levels of vitamins A and/or E, and duration of dementia in the n-ADP group. The results obtained suggest that elevated serum tHcy and decreased levels of vitamins A and E are associated with an increased risk of non-Alzheimer's dementias, although further studies involving a larger cohort are now needed to verify these results.

Diseño de antenas tipo DRA (Dielectric Resonator Antennas)

OpenAIRE

Soria Gallego, Juan

2013-01-01

En este trabajo se va a estudiar un tipo de antenas conocidas como antenas resonantes dieléctricas (DRA) desde el punto de vista de diseño y características radiantes, así como de sus posibles aplicaciones. Las DRAs son un tipo de antenas cada vez más usadas ya que presentan numerosas ventajas respecto a otro tipo de antenas, entre ellas que son fáciles de diseñar, baratas y muy eficientes. Por ello, cada vez aparecen nuevos diseños y nuevas aplicaciones. Entre ellas se ha extendido el uso...

Estrogen and early-onset Alzheimer's disease

NARCIS (Netherlands)

A.J.C. Slooter (Arjen); J.B. Bronzova (Juliana); A. Hofman (Albert); C. van Broeckhoven (Christine); C.M. van Duijn (Cornelia); J.C.M. Witteman (Jacqueline)

1999-01-01

textabstractEstrogen use may be protective for Alzheimer's disease with late onset. However, the effects on early onset Alzheimer's disease are unclear. This issue was studied in a population based setting. For each female patient, a female control was matched on age (within 5 years) and place of

Re-Engineering Alzheimer Clinical Trials: Global Alzheimer's Platform Network.

Science.gov (United States)

Cummings, J; Aisen, P; Barton, R; Bork, J; Doody, R; Dwyer, J; Egan, J C; Feldman, H; Lappin, D; Truyen, L; Salloway, S; Sperling, R; Vradenburg, G

2016-06-01

Alzheimer's disease (AD) drug development is costly, time-consuming, and inefficient. Trial site functions, trial design, and patient recruitment for trials all require improvement. The Global Alzheimer Platform (GAP) was initiated in response to these challenges. Four GAP work streams evolved in the US to address different trial challenges: 1) registry-to-cohort web-based recruitment; 2) clinical trial site activation and site network construction (GAP-NET); 3) adaptive proof-of-concept clinical trial design; and 4) finance and fund raising. GAP-NET proposes to establish a standardized network of continuously funded trial sites that are highly qualified to perform trials (with established clinical, biomarker, imaging capability; certified raters; sophisticated management system. GAP-NET will conduct trials for academic and biopharma industry partners using standardized instrument versions and administration. Collaboration with the Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI) European Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease (EPAD) program, the Canadian Consortium on Neurodegeneration in Aging (CCNA) and other similar international initiatives will allow conduct of global trials. GAP-NET aims to increase trial efficiency and quality, decrease trial redundancy, accelerate cohort development and trial recruitment, and decrease trial costs. The value proposition for sites includes stable funding and uniform training and trial execution; the value to trial sponsors is decreased trial costs, reduced time to execute trials, and enhanced data quality. The value for patients and society is the more rapid availability of new treatments for AD.

Alzheimers sygdom

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Høgh, Peter

2017-01-01

Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder with insidious onset and slow progression. Prevalence is increasing, although not as fast as previously believed. The clinical diagnosis may be difficult, but diagnostic methods have been introduced and proven to be accurate in supporting...

Education and the risk for Alzheimers disease

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Letenneur, L; Launer, L J; Andersen, K

2000-01-01

The hypothesis that a low educational level increases the risk for Alzheimer's disease remains controversial. The authors studied the association of years of schooling with the risk for incident dementia and Alzheimer's disease by using pooled data from four European population-based follow......-up studies. Dementia cases were identified in a two-stage procedure that included a detailed diagnostic assessment of screen-positive subjects. Dementia and Alzheimer's disease were diagnosed by using international research criteria. Educational level was categorized by years of schooling as low (...), middle (8-11), or high (> or =12). Relative risks (95% confidence intervals) were estimated by using Poisson regression, adjusting for age, sex, study center, smoking status, and self-reported myocardial infarction and stroke. There were 493 (328) incident cases of dementia (Alzheimer's disease) and 28...

Demencia frontotemporal no familiar y epilepsia generalizada Frontotemporal dementia non familial and generalized epilepsy

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Patricio Fuentes

2005-12-01

Full Text Available Se presenta un paciente de 62 años, sin antecedentes familiares de demencia, que a los 45 años debuta con crisis súbitas de disnea, visión borrosa, caída al suelo y movimientos repetitivos de brazos. Tratado por epilepsia con fenitoína y ácido valproico, repite esporádicamente crisis semejantes. Hace 4 años sus familiares notan cambios de personalidad, irritabilidad y conductas obsesivas. Hace 2 años aparecen episodios de desorientación de días de duración, algunos con alucinaciones auditivas y también fenómenos convulsivos. Ultimamente presenta crisis polimorfas, algunas con prolongada alteración de conciencia, estados catatoniformes y relajación esfinteriana. Examen físico y neurológico sin anormalidades. Evaluación neuropsicológica evidenció consistentes defectos en funciones frontales. EEG mostraron lentitud generalizada y actividad irritativa esporádica en regiones frontotemporales. Atrofia cortical de predominio anterior en CT scan e hipoperfusión fronto-temporal bilateral en SPECT. Exámenes de laboratorio y LCR normales. CONCLUSIÓN: La asociación de DFT con epilepsia, en forma no familiar, sugiere un síndrome neurodegenerativo cortical diferente.A 62 year-old patient is presented, without family antecedents of dementia who begins with 45 years of age with sudden crisis of dyspnea, blurred vision, fall to the floor and repetitive jerks of arms. Tried by epilepsy with phenytoin and valproate repeats similar crisis sporadically. Four years ago their relatives began to notice changes of personality, irritability and obsessive behaviors. Later on, are added episodes of disorientation of days of duration, some with auditory hallucinations and also convulsive manifestations. Finally appear polymorphic crisis, some with continue alteration of consciousness, catatonic states and sphincteric incontinence. Physical and neurological examination without abnormalities. Neuropsychological evaluation evidenced consistent

A Critical Assessment of Research on Neurotransmitters in Alzheimer's Disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Reddy, P Hemachandra

2017-01-01

The purpose of this mini-forum, "Neurotransmitters and Alzheimer's Disease", is to critically assess the current status of neurotransmitters in Alzheimer's disease. Neurotransmitters are essential neurochemicals that maintain synaptic and cognitive functions in mammals, including humans, by sending signals across pre- to post-synaptic neurons. Authorities in the fields of synapses and neurotransmitters of Alzheimer's disease summarize the current status of basic biology of synapses and neurotransmitters, and also update the current status of clinical trials of neurotransmitters in Alzheimer's disease. This article discusses the prevalence, economic impact, and stages of Alzheimer's dementia in humans.

Comprometimento medular por linfoma tipo Burkitt: relato de um caso

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Murillo Côrtes Drummond

1985-06-01

Full Text Available Registro de caso de linfoma tipo Burkitt com comprometimento intrarraqueano em criança de três anos de idade. Considerações sobre esse tipo de tumor são feitas em função do caso observado e de dados da literatura.

Apolipoprotein E4 and Alzheimer's disease in São Paulo - Brazil Apolipoproteina E 4 e doença de Alzheimer em São Paulo - Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Osvaldo P. Almeida

1997-01-01

em países do hemisfério norte. Este estudo investigou a associação entre a presença do alelo ε4 da apolipoproteina E e a doença de Alzheimer em amostra de pacientes brasileiros atendidos em um serviço público de saúde. Foram investigados 55 pacientes com diagnóstico de AD possível ou provável e 56 controles idosos atendidos em serviços ambulatoriais do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo e do Centro de Saúde Escola da Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo. A determinação do tipo de alelo foi feita através de tipagem genética. Do total de alelos investigados (n=222 observou-se um excesso de ε4 entre os pacientes (20,9% vs 8,9%, p=0,038, com 36,4% deles exibindo ao menos 1 alelo ε4 (vs 17,9% dos controles, p=0,027. O risco de indivíduos com ao menos 1 alelo ε4 serem diagnosticados como sofrendo de AD foi 2,63 vezes maior que para aqueles sem este alelo. Três pacientes apresentaram o genótipo ε4ε4, sendo todos homens com início pré-senil da doença. Não se observou diferença na freqüência de ao menos 1 alelo ε4 entre pacientes com demência senil e pré-senil (41,9% vs 29,2%, p=0,326 ou entre homens e mulheres (36,0% vs 36,7%, p=0,959. Não havia diferença significativa quanto à idade de início dos sintomas entre grupos de pacientes com diferentes genótipos, embora indivíduos com genótipo ε4ε4 revelassem tendência a desenvolver a doença mais precocemente. Quando apenas pacientes com diagnóstico de AD provável foram incluídos na análise (n=43, verificou-se que 22,1% dos alelos eram ε4, uma taxa significativamente maior que os 8,9% dos controles (p=0,024. Os resultados deste estudo confirmam a associação entre ε4 e AD e estendem este achado para uma amostra de pacientes brasileiros. Entretanto, a presença desse alelo não é necessária nem suficiente para o desenvolvimento da doença e é possível que sua contribuição varie de acordo com o grupamento �

Análisis estadístico exploratorio de dos tipos de secado de quinua

OpenAIRE

Mena Reinoso, Angel Patricio

2015-01-01

El presente trabajo “Análisis Estadístico Exploratorio de dos Tipos de Secado de Quinua” permite realizar una validación estadística del tipo de secador que posea una alta eficiencia, rendimiento en el secado de este tipo de cereal (Chenopodium quinoa Willd). Para el efecto se empleó el secador de bandejas y un secador solar tipo invernadero, el experimento se llevó a cabo con tres tipos de muestras, una con cascara y las otras escarificadas. La quinua fue sometida a un secado ...

Computed tomography of the temporal horns at Alzheimer's disease. Computertomographie der Temporalhoerner bei Morbus Alzheimer

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gerber, U; Vogel, [Allgemeines Krankenhaus Ochsenzoll, Hamburg (Germany, F.R.). Abt. Roentgendiagnostik

1989-06-01

In the literature there are different opinions referring to the involvement of the temporal lobes or horns at Alzheimer's disease. Conventionally computed tomogram of the head does not include the temporal horn in its full length. A simple method to demonstrate the temporal horns after cranial computer tomography is described. It allows the evaluation of temporal lobe and temporal horn if questionable alterations at Alzheimer's disease are to be discussed. (orig.).

Calidad de vida del cuidador familiar y dependencia del paciente con Alzheimer Family caretaker quality of life and dependence of the patient with Alzheimer disease Qualidade de vida do cuidador familiar e dependência do paciente com Alzheimer

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PINTO AFANADOR NATIVIDAD

2010-04-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del estudio fue establecer la relación entre la calidad de vida del cuidador familiar y el grado de dependencia del paciente con Alzheimer. Es un estudio descriptivo correlacional, de corte transversal, con abordaje cuantitativo. Participaron 192 cuidadores familiares de pacientes con Alzheimer pertenecientes al programa Cuidado a Cuidadores® de la Facultad de Enfermería de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, la Fundación Acción Familiar Alzheimer Colombia y la Asociación Colombiana de Alzheimer. Se aplicaron el instrumento “Calidad de vida versión familiar” de Betty Ferrell, quien define la calidad de vida desde las dimensiones física, psicológica, social y espiritual, y el Índice de Barthel (IB, que mide el grado de dependencia funcional del paciente. La calidad de vida general de los cuidadores obtuvo una puntuación media. El bienestar físico y espiritual presentó una tendencia positiva, mientras que el bienestar psicológico y social de este grupo poblacional mostró una tendencia negativa con riesgo de alteración a futuro. El grado de dependencia funcional del paciente con Alzheimer se encontró en dependencia total a severa, con mayor compromiso en actividades de aseo y arreglo personal. En el estudio no se encontró correlación estadística entre la calidad de vida y el grado de dependencia del paciente con Alzheimer.The purpose of the study was to establish the relation between the quality of life of the family caregiver and the level of dependence of the patient with Alzheimer. It is a co-relational descriptive, cross-sectional study, with a quantitative approach having participation of 192 family caregivers of patients with Alzheimer; they are part of the Cuidado a Cuidadores® (Care for Caregivers program of the Nursing Faculty of Universidad Nacional de Colombia, the Fundación Acción Familiar Alzheimer Colombia (Alzheimer Colombia Family Action Foundation and the Asociación Nacional de Alzheimer

Método de Montessori aplicado à demência: revisão da literatura Método Montessori aplicado a la demencia: revisión de la literatura Montessori Method applied to dementia: literature review

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daniela Filipa Soares Brandão

2012-06-01

Full Text Available O método de Montessori foi aplicado inicialmente às crianças, mas atualmente aplica-se a pessoas com demência. O objetivo deste trabalho é fazer uma revisão sistemática da investigação sobre a eficácia desse método, utilizando a Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline com as palavras-chave demência e método de Montessori. Foram selecionados 10 estudos, onde se verificam melhorias significativas na participação e no envolvimento construtivo e diminuição dos afectos negativos e do envolvimento passivo. Não obstante, as revisões da literatura acerca desta intervenção não farmacológica em demência classificam esse método como fraco, em termos de eficácia. Essa aparente discrepância pode explicar-se porque o método de Montessori pode ter, de fato, uma influência pouco significativa em dimensões como a dos problemas comportamentais ou porque não existe investigação acerca desse método com elevados níveis de controle como são a presença de vários grupos de controle ou o duplo-cego.El método Montessori se aplicó inicialmente a los niños, pero ahora se aplica a las personas con demencia. El propósito de este estudio es revisar de forma sistemática la investigación sobre la eficacia de este método, utilizando Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline con las palabras clave demencia y método Montessori. Se seleccionaron 10 estudios, que tienen mejoras significativas en la participación y en el compromiso constructivo, y la reducción de efectos negativos y de la participación pasiva. Sin embargo, la revisión de la literatura sobre esta intervención no farmacológica en la demencia clasifica este método como débil en términos de eficacia. Esta aparente discrepancia puede explicarse porque el método Montessori puede tener una influencia poco significativa en los problemas de conducta, o porque no hay investigación sobre este método con altos niveles de

Anti-Alzheimer Properties of Probiotic, Lactobacillus plantarum MTCC 1325 in Alzheimer's Disease induced Albino Rats.

Science.gov (United States)

Nimgampalle, Mallikarjuna; Kuna, Yellamma

2017-08-01

Alzheimer's disease is a type of dementia, and till now there is no suitable drug available for the complete cure of this disease. Now-a-days Probiotics, Lactobacillus strains play a therapeutic role in cognitive disorders through Gut-Brain Axis communication. The present study was aimed to evaluate the anti-Alzheimer properties of Lactobacillus plantarum MTCC1325 against D-Galactose-induced Alzheimer's disease in albino rats. Healthy rats (48) of wistar strain were divided into four groups viz., Group-I: control rats received saline, Group-II: rats received intraperitoneal injection of D-Galactose (120 mg/kg body weight) throughout experiment, Group-III: initially animals were subjected to D-Galactose injection for six weeks, then followed by simultaneously received both D-Galactose and L. plantarum MTCC1325 (12×10 8 CFU/ml; 10 ml/kg body weight) for 60 days and Group-IV: rats which were orally administered only with Lactobacillus plantarum MTCC1325 for 60 days. During the experimentation, both morphometric and behavioural aspects were studied. Later we have examined histopathological changes and estimated cholinergic levels in selected brain regions of all experimental groups of rats including control on selected days. Morphometric, behavioural changes, ACh levels were significantly decreased and pathological hallmarks such as amyloid plaques and tangles were also observed in AD model group. Treatment of AD-group with L. plantarum MTCC1325 for 60 days, not only ameliorated cognition deficits but also restored ACh and the histopathological features to control group. However, no significant effects have been observed in the group treated with L. plantarum alone. The study revealed that, L. plantarum MTCC1325 might have anti-Alzheimer properties against D-Galactose induced Alzheimer's disease.

The Potential role of marine derived food products on Alzheimer\\'s disese and cognitive decline

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mahsan Assadi

2011-11-01

Full Text Available Background: Alzheimer's disese is the most frequent cause of dementia and is one of important cause of mortality and morbidity in the world. Although, there are different therapeutic options for its treatment , the results of these therapies are disappointing. Omega-3 fatty acids in marine- derived food products, affect on different mechanisms, improve cognitive function, memory.in this study, effect Omega-3 fatty acids in marine- derived food products of cognitive disorders and Alzheimer's are reviewed. Methods: The method employed in this research was a systematic bibiliographic review,in which only the double-blind placebo-controlled studies or the clinically detailed enough open-labeled studies using validated scales were retained. Results: Many studies have shown that Omega-3 fatty acids in marine- derived food products, affect by different mechanisms include decrease inflammation and oxidative stress, synaptogenesis, synaptic plasticity, and neurogenesis promotion in neuroprotection and improvement cognitive function and memory, also omega3 fatty acid could lead to a decrease in risk of Alzheimer's diseas and the other cognitive impairements. Conclusion: However, more and large clinical trials are needed to confirm the beneficial effects of omega 3 fatty acid supplementation on the management of Alzheimer's disease and cognitive decline.

[Nutritional approaches to modulate oxidative stress that induce Alzheimer's disease. Nutritional approaches to prevent Alzheimer's disease].

Science.gov (United States)

Lara, Humberto Herman; Alanís-Garza, Eduardo Javier; Estrada Puente, María Fernanda; Mureyko, Lucía Liliana; Alarcón Torres, David Alejandro; Ixtepan Turrent, Liliana

2015-01-01

Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia in the world; symptoms first appear after age 65 and have a progressive evolution. Expecting an increase on its incidence and knowing there is currently no cure for Alzheimer's disease, it is a necessity to prevent progression. The change in diet due to globalization may explain the growth of the incidence in places such as Japan and Mediterranean countries, which used to have fewer incidences. There is a direct correlation between disease progression and the increased intake of alcohol, saturated fats, and red meat. Therefore, we find obesity and higher serum levels in cholesterol due to saturated fat as a result. A way to decrease the progression of Alzheimer's is through a diet rich in polipheno/es (potent antioxidants), unsaturated fats (monounsaturated and polyunsaturated), fish, vegetable fa t, fruits with low glycemic index, and a moderate consumption of red wine. Through this potent antioxidant diet we accomplish the prevention of dementia and the progression of Alzheimer's disease. This article emphasizes the food and other components that have been demonstrated to decrease the oxidative stress related to these progressive diseases.

The development prospection of HDAC inhibitors as a potential therapeutic direction in Alzheimer?s disease

OpenAIRE

Yang, Shuang-shuang; Zhang, Rui; Wang, Gang; Zhang, Yong-fang

2017-01-01

Alzheimer?s disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease, which is associated with learning and memory impairment in the elderly. Recent studies have found that treating AD in the way of chromatin remodeling via histone acetylation is a promising therapeutic regimen. In a number of recent studies, inhibitors of histone deacetylase (HDACs) have been found to be a novel promising therapeutic?agents for neurological disorders, particularly for AD and other neurodegenerative diseases. Alth...

Turning principles into practice in Alzheimer's disease

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Lindesay, J.; Bullock, R.; Daniels, H.; Emre, M.; Foerstl, H.; Froelich, L.; Gabryelewicz, T.; Martinez-Lage, P.; Monsch, A. U.; Tsolaki, M.; van Laar, T.

P>The prevalence of dementia is reaching epidemic proportions globally, but there remain a number of issues that prevent people with dementia, their families and caregivers, from taking control of their condition. In 2008, Alzheimer's Disease International (ADI) launched a Global Alzheimer's Disease

Alzheimer's: Glossary

Science.gov (United States)

... as a nursing home. Learn more: Residential Care Working with Care Providers Adult day centers Adult day centers offer people with Alzheimer's and other dementias the opportunity to be social and to participate in activities in a safe environment. Learn more: Adult Day Centers Advance directive An ...

Developing injectable immunoglobulins to treat cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Steinitz, Michael

2008-05-01

Alzheimer's disease is a devastating disorder, clinically characterized by a comprehensive cognitive decline. The novel strategy of anti-amyloid-beta immunotherapy has been suggested following encouraging results obtained in murine models of Alzheimer's disease, in non-human primates, and in small-scale clinical trials. To examine the choice between active or passive anti-amyloid-beta immunization and the choice of the molecule to which the immune machinery should be targeted, which are central issues in future immune therapy of Alzheimer's disease. Research into the new area of Alzheimer's disease immune therapy is primarily based on in vivo and in vitro studies of murine models of Alzheimer's disease. The studies are hence limited to defined genetic deficiencies. In humans, infusion of anti-amyloid-beta antibodies is considered a safer approach than active anti-amyloid-beta vaccination. Alzheimer's-disease-protective anti-amyloid-beta monoclonal antibodies should target specific epitopes within the amyloid beta(1 42) peptide, avoiding possibly harmful binding to the ubiquitous normal amyloid precursor protein. Since Alzheimer's disease immunotherapy requires repeated infusion of antibodies over a prolonged period of time, Alzheimer's disease patients will tolerate such antibodies provided the latter are exclusively of human origin. Human monoclonal antibodies that correspond to ubiquitous anti-amyloid-beta, present in all healthy humans, might bear important protective characteristics.

Periodontitis and Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer's Disease.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mark Ide

Full Text Available Periodontitis is common in the elderly and may become more common in Alzheimer's disease because of a reduced ability to take care of oral hygiene as the disease progresses. Elevated antibodies to periodontal bacteria are associated with an increased systemic pro-inflammatory state. Elsewhere raised serum pro-inflammatory cytokines have been associated with an increased rate of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. We hypothesized that periodontitis would be associated with increased dementia severity and a more rapid cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. We aimed to determine if periodontitis in Alzheimer's disease is associated with both increased dementia severity and cognitive decline, and an increased systemic pro inflammatory state. In a six month observational cohort study 60 community dwelling participants with mild to moderate Alzheimer's Disease were cognitively assessed and a blood sample taken for systemic inflammatory markers. Dental health was assessed by a dental hygienist, blind to cognitive outcomes. All assessments were repeated at six months. The presence of periodontitis at baseline was not related to baseline cognitive state but was associated with a six fold increase in the rate of cognitive decline as assessed by the ADAS-cog over a six month follow up period. Periodontitis at baseline was associated with a relative increase in the pro-inflammatory state over the six month follow up period. Our data showed that periodontitis is associated with an increase in cognitive decline in Alzheimer's Disease, independent to baseline cognitive state, which may be mediated through effects on systemic inflammation.

Clinical utility of color-form naming in Alzheimer's disease: preliminary evidence

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nielsen, Niels Peter; Wiig, Elisabeth H; Warkentin, Siegbert

2004-01-01

Performances on Alzheimer's Quick Test color-form naming and Mini-Mental State Examination were compared for 38 adults with Alzheimer's disease and 38 age- and sex-matched normal controls. Group means differed significantly and indicated longer naming times by adults with Alzheimer's disease...... associated with Alzheimer's disease, are preliminary given the relatively small sample....

Allele doses of apolipoprotein E type {epsilon}4 in sporadic late-onset Alzheimer`s disease

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lucotte, G.; Aouizerate, A.; Gerard, N. [Regional Center of Neurogenetics, Paris (France)] [and others

1995-12-18

Apoliprotein E, type {epsilon}4 allele (ApoE-{epsilon}4) is associated with late-onset sporadic Alzheimer`s disease (AD). We have found that the cumulative probability of remaining unaffected over time decreases for each dose of ApoE-{epsilon}4 in sporadic, late-onset French AD. The effect of genotypes on age at onset of AD was analyzed using the product limit method, to compare unaffected groups during aging. 26 refs., 2 figs., 1 tab.

Toward better Alzheimer's research information sources for the public.

Science.gov (United States)

Payne, Perry W

2013-03-01

The National Plan to Address Alzheimer's Disease calls for a new relationship between researchers and members of the public. This relationship is one that provides research information to patients and allows patients to provide ideas to researchers. One way to describe it is a "bidirectional translational relationship." Despite the numerous sources of online and offline information about Alzheimer's disease, there is no information source which currently provides this interaction. This article proposes the creation an Alzheimer's research information source dedicated to monitoring Alzheimer's research literature and providing user friendly, publicly accessible summaries of data written specifically for a lay audience. This information source should contain comprehensive, updated, user friendly, publicly available, reviews of Alzheimer's research and utilize existing online multimedia/social networking tools to provide information in useful formats that help patients, caregivers, and researchers learn rapidly from one another.

Les troubles visuels au cours de la maladie d'Alzheimer

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Leruez, S; Annweiller, C; Etcharry-Bouyx, F

2012-01-01

Alzheimer disease is the most prevalent cause of cognitive decline in older adults. The typical presentation of Alzheimer disease is memory dysfunction, however, presentations with impairment in other domains may occur. Visual symptoms may be the first manifestation of Alzheimer disease. The purp...

The Danish Alzheimer intervention study

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Waldemar, G; Waldorff, F B; Buss, D V

2011-01-01

Background: There is a lack of appropriately designed trials investigating the efficacy of psychosocial interventions for patients with mild dementia and their family caregivers. This paper reports the rationale and design of the Danish Alzheimer Disease Intervention Study and baseline characteri......Background: There is a lack of appropriately designed trials investigating the efficacy of psychosocial interventions for patients with mild dementia and their family caregivers. This paper reports the rationale and design of the Danish Alzheimer Disease Intervention Study and baseline...

FKBP immunophilins and Alzheimer's disease: A chaperoned affair

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

2011-07-08

Jul 8, 2011 ... FKBP immunophilins and Alzheimer's disease: A chaperoned affair. Weihuan Cao Mary ... Keywords. Alzheimer's disease; amyloid precursor protein; beta amyloid; FKBP; FK506; immunophilins; tau ... 43 | Issue 1. March 2018.

Fatty acids, lipid metabolism and Alzheimer pathology.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Hooijmans, C.R.; Kiliaan, A.J.

2008-01-01

Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia in the elderly. The cause of Alzheimer's disease is still unknown and there is no cure for the disease yet despite 100 years of extensive research. Cardiovascular risk factors such as high serum cholesterol, presence of the Apolipoprotein

Communication and Alzheimer's

Science.gov (United States)

... We will not sell or share your name. Communication and Alzheimer's Tweet Bookmark this page | Email | Print ... stage Communication in the late stage Changes in communication In addition to changes in the brain caused ...

New York can be our nation's center for Alzheimer's research.

Science.gov (United States)

Vann, Allan S

2014-09-01

More than 5 million people in this country have Alzheimer's disease, and more than 300,000 of those with Alzheimer's live in New York. By 2025, it is estimated that there will be 350,000 residents living with Alzheimer's in New York. Congressman Steve Israel and New York Assemblyman Charles Lavine issued a joint proposal in June, 2013 suggesting that New York become this country's center for Alzheimer's research. Obviously, they would both like to see increased federal funding, but they also know that we cannot count on that happening. So Israel and Lavine have proposed a $3 billion state bonding initiative to secure sufficient funding to tackle this disease. It would be similar to the bonding initiatives that have made California and Texas this nation's centers for stem cell and cancer research. The bond would provide a dedicated funding stream to support research to find effective means to treat, cure, and eventually prevent Alzheimer's, and fund programs to help people currently dealing with Alzheimer's and their caregivers. New York already has some of the major "ingredients" to make an Alzheimer's bond initiative a success, including 3 of our nation's 29 Alzheimer's Disease Research Centers and some of the finest research facilities in the nation for genetic and neuroscience research. One can only imagine the synergy of having these world class institutions working on cooperative grants and projects with sufficient funding to attract even more world class researchers and scientists to New York to find ways to prevent, treat, and cure Alzheimer's. © The Author(s) 2014.

Short-term memory binding deficits in Alzheimer's disease

OpenAIRE

Parra, Mario; Abrahams, S.; Fabi, K.; Logie, R.; Luzzi, S.; Della Sala, Sergio

2009-01-01

Alzheimer's disease impairs long term memories for related events (e.g. faces with names) more than for single events (e.g. list of faces or names). Whether or not this associative or ‘binding’ deficit is also found in short-term memory has not yet been explored. In two experiments we investigated binding deficits in verbal short-term memory in Alzheimer's disease. Experiment 1 : 23 patients with Alzheimer's disease and 23 age and education matched healthy elderly were recruited. Participants...

Music therapy is a potential intervention for cognition of Alzheimer?s Disease: a mini-review

OpenAIRE

Fang, Rong; Ye, Shengxuan; Huangfu, Jiangtao; Calimag, David P.

2017-01-01

Alzheimer?s Disease (AD) is a global health issue given the increasing prevalence rate and the limitations of drug effects. As a consequent, non-pharmacological interventions are of importance. Music therapy (MT) is a non-pharmacological way with a long history of use and a fine usability for dementia patients. In this review, we will summarize different techniques, diverse clinical trials, and the mechanisms of MT as it is helpful to the cognition in AD, providing reference for future resear...

Global issues in drug development for Alzheimer's disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Doody, Rachelle S; Cole, Patricia E; Miller, David S; Siemers, Eric; Black, Ronald; Feldman, Howard; Schindler, Rachel; Graham, Stephen; Heath, Theresa; Khachaturian, Ara S; Evans, Rebecca; Carrillo, Maria C

2011-03-01

The number of clinical trials for Alzheimer's disease conducted outside the United States in a broad array of countries is increasing. As the number of compounds ready for clinical testing increases, and as trials become longer and more complex, this trend is expected to grow. The cultural and ethical context of global clinical trials, potential benefits for those involved, and practical approaches to obstacles generated by these global trials were discussed at a meeting of the Alzheimer's Association Research Roundtable. Regulatory issues, including regional differences in study registration procedures, rules for collecting and reporting serious adverse events, requirements for national identity of study populations, and regulatory audits were also discussed by individuals who are knowledgeable about global clinical trials for Alzheimer's disease. Copyright © 2011 The Alzheimer's Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Data set of interactomes and metabolic pathways of proteins differentially expressed in brains with Alzheimer׳s disease

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Benito Minjarez

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Alzheimer׳s disease is one of the main causes of dementia in the elderly and its frequency is on the rise worldwide. It is considered the result of complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors, being many of them unknown. Therefore, there is a dire necessity for the identification of novel molecular players for the understanding of this disease. In this data article we determined the protein expression profiles of whole protein extracts from cortex regions of brains from patients with Alzheimer׳s disease in comparison to a normal brain. We identified 721 iTRAQ-labeled polypeptides with more than 95% in confidence. We analyzed all proteins that changed in their expression level and located them in the KEGG metabolic pathways, as well as in the mitochondrial complexes of the electron transport chain and ATP synthase. In addition, we analyzed the over- and sub-expressed polypeptides through IPA software, specifically Core I and Biomarkers I modules. Data in this article is related to the research article “Identification of proteins that are differentially expressed in brains with Alzheimer’s disease using iTRAQ labeling and tandem mass spectrometry” (Minjarez et al., 2016 [1].

A IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE TIPOS DE LIDERANÇA A PARTIR DE ARQUÉTIPOS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adriana Nunes Lacerda e Prestupa

2009-09-01

junguianos analisados por Moore e Gillette (1993 foram relacionados com características de líderes dentro do contexto organizacional. Desta forma foi possível apresentar uma tipologia rica e aplicável, onde o individuo pode se identificar e também entender o processo e a maturação das características dos arquétipos estudados para melhor desempenho dentro das organizações.

The application of lipidomics to biomarker research and pathomechanisms in Alzheimer's disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Wong, Matthew W; Braidy, Nady; Poljak, Anne; Sachdev, Perminder S

2017-03-01

Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia. There are still no disease modifying treatments that can cure or slow disease progression. Recently, Alzheimer's disease researchers have attempted to improve early detection and diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer's disease, with the rationale that treatment of disease, or even prevention, may be more successful during the early preclinical stages of Alzheimer's disease when neurodegenerative damage is not as widespread. As the brain has a high lipid content, lipidomics may offer novel insights into the underlying pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. This review reports on recent developments in the relatively unexplored field of lipidomics in Alzheimer's disease, including novel biomarkers and pathomechanisms of Alzheimer's disease. Numerous biomarker panels involving phospholipids and sphingolipids have been proposed, indicating perturbed lipid metabolism in early stages of Alzheimer's disease. Future strategies targeting these metabolic changes through dietary supplementation could have therapeutic benefits in at-risk individuals. Dysregulated lipid metabolism could reflect pathological changes in synaptic function and neuronal membranes, leading to cognitive decline. However, extensive validation in large independent cohorts is required before lipid biomarkers can be used clinically to assess Alzheimer's disease risk and progression.

How close is the stem cell cure to the Alzheimer's disease

OpenAIRE

Tang, Jun

2012-01-01

Alzheimer's disease, a progressive neurodegenerative illness, is the most common form of dementia. So far, there is neither an effective prevention nor a cure for Alzheimer's disease. In recent decades, stem cell therapy has been one of the most promising treatments for Alzheimer's disease patients. This article aims to summarize the current progress in the stem cell treatments for Alzheimer's disease from an experiment to a clinical research.

Ophthalmic examination in early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Xin Li

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder causing irreversible deterioration in memory and loss of self-care ability, which is seriously affecting the quality of life. There is no cure for Alzheimer's disease. Medication only can control the progression of the disease. Early diagnosis and control of disease progress is of great significance in improving the quality of life of the patients and reducing the burden of family and society. Ophthalmic examination is seen as a window which can “see” brain directly, and some changes in the eye can reflect the changes of the brain most directly. This paper reviews the ophthalmic examination of Alzheimer's disease, including optical coherence tomography(OCT, visual field, contrast sensitivity and eye movements, et al. We hope to provide a new idea for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.

Vagus nerve stimulation in patients with Alzheimer's disease

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Merrill, Charley A; Jonsson, Michael A G; Minthon, Lennart

2006-01-01

BACKGROUND: Cognitive-enhancing effects of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) have been reported during 6 months of treatment in a pilot study of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Data through 1 year of VNS (collected from June 2000 to September 2003) are now reported. METHOD: All patients (N = 17......) met the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke and the Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association (NINCDS-ADRDA) criteria for probable AD. Responder rates for the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-cog) and Mini-Mental State...

{sup 1}H-MR-spectroscopic imaging in patients with Alzheimer`s disease; {sup 1}H-MR-spektroskopische Bildgebung bei Patienten mit klinisch gesichertem Morbus Alzheimer

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Block, W [Radiogische Klinik der Univ. Bonn (Germany); Traeber, F [Radiogische Klinik der Univ. Bonn (Germany); Kuhl, C K [Radiogische Klinik der Univ. Bonn (Germany); Fric, M [Psychiatrische Universitaetsklinik, Bonn (Germany); Keller, E [Radiogische Klinik der Univ. Bonn (Germany); Lamerichs, R [Philips Medical Systems, Best (Netherlands); Rink, H [Radiogische Klinik der Univ. Bonn (Germany); Moeller, H J [Psychiatrische Universitaetsklinik, Bonn (Germany); Schild, H H [Radiogische Klinik der Univ. Bonn (Germany)

1995-09-01

To detect regional differences in accompanying metabolic changes, {sup 1}H-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging was performed in 16 patients with Alzheimer`s disease (AD); the clinical diagnosis was based upon DSM-III-R and NINCDS-ADRDA guidelines. In the hippocampal region metabolic maps of the local distribution of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), creatine compounds (P(Cr)) and lactate were determined. Ratios of Cho/NAA, (P)Cr/NAA and Cho/(P)Cr calculated from selected hippocampal spectra were compared to those from healthy volunteers (n=17). AD patients demonstrated an increase of Cho/NAA and (P)Cr/NAA ratios caused by increased choline compounds and decreased NAA. These alterations were observed in 11/12 cases in the hippocampal and in 7/12 in the temporo-occipital region. Hippocampal Cho/NAA ratios (0.56{+-}0.19) were significantly elevated compared with controls. The observed elevation of choline compounds in the hippocampus supports the hypothesis that alterations in the cholinergic system play an important role in Alzheimer`s disease. The observed reduction of NAA is due to neuronal degeneration. (orig./MG) [Deutsch] Zur Darstellung von regionalen metabolischen Veraenderungen bei Morbus Alzheimer wurden mit dem Verfahren des {sup 1}H-Magnetic-Resonance-Spectroscopic-Imaging 16 Patienten untersucht, deren Diagnose klinisch entsprechend DSM-III-R- und NINCDS-ADRDA-Kriterien gestellt wurde. In Hoehe des Hippocampus wurden transaxiale ``Metabolitenkarten`` der regionalen Verteilung von N-Acetyl-Aspartat (NAA), cholinhaltiger Verbindungen (Cho), Gesamtkreatin (P(Cr)) und Laktat erstellt. Zur Quantifizierung der Unterschiede zum Normalkollektiv (n=17) wurden die Metabolitenquotienten Cho/NAA, (P)Cr/NAA und Cho/(P)Cr, insbesondere aus der Hippocampusregion, ermittelt. Das Krankheitsbild des M. Alzheimer stellte sich durch eine Erhoehung der Quotienten Cho/NAA und Cho/(P)Cr dar, wobei neben einer Cholinerhoehung die Reduktion des Neurotransmitters NAA

Alzheimer's disease and other neurological disorders.

Science.gov (United States)

Henderson, V W

2007-10-01

Menopausal status and estrogen-containing hormone therapy may influence several neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, migraine headache, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, sleep disorders, and stroke. For most of these illnesses, evidence on hormone therapy is insufficient to guide practice decisions. For stroke, clinical trial evidence indicates that hormone therapy increases risk of cerebral infarction. For women with Alzheimer's disease, estrogen treatment trials have tended to be small and of short duration. Most suggest that estrogen started after the onset of dementia symptoms does not meaningfully improve cognition or slow disease progression. Hormone therapy initiated after age 64 increased all-cause dementia in the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study. Many observational studies, however, report protective associations between hormone use and Alzheimer risk. Apparent risk reduction may represent a bias toward hormone therapy, since hormones are more often prescribed to healthier women. However, when compared to the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study, estrogen exposures in many observational studies reflect hormone initiation at a younger age, closer to the time of menopause. One intriguing hypothesis is that hormone therapy initiated or used during an early critical window may reduce later Alzheimer incidence. Public health implications of this hypothesis are important, but current data are inadequate to decide the issue.

Neuroinflammation and Alzheimer disease: clinical and therapeutic implications

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Eikelenboom, P.; Rozemuller, A. J.; Hoozemans, J. J.; Veerhuis, R.; van Gool, W. A.

2000-01-01

In Alzheimer disease brains, the amyloid plaques are closely associated with a locally induced, nonimmune-mediated, chronic inflammatory response without any apparent influx of leukocytes from the blood. The present findings indicate that in cerebral A beta diseases (Alzheimer disease, Down

The effect of red grape juice on Alzheimer's disease in rats.

Science.gov (United States)

Siahmard, Zahra; Alaei, Hojjatollah; Reisi, Parham; Pilehvarian, Ali Asghar

2012-01-01

Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease appearing as a result of free radicals and oxidative stress. Antioxidants agents boost memory and control Alzheimer's disease. Since red grape juice contains antioxidant agents, its effects on speed of learning and improvement of memory was studied in Alzheimer's rats. Alzheimer's model was induced by bilateral infusion of streptozocine into lateral ventricles of brain of male rats. Rats drank 10% red grape juice for 21 days. Passive avoidance learning test was used for measuring memory and learning in rats. Our results showed that learning and memory in STZ-group decreased significantly compared to Sham group. However, intake of red grape juice increased speed of learning and improvement of memory in Alzheimer's rats. Our results suggest that there are active ingredients in red grape juice, which probably have therapeutic and preventive effects on cognitive impairments in Alzheimer's disease.

Computed tomography study of Alzheimer's disease

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Arai, H; Kobayashi, K; Ikeda, Y; Nagao, Y; Ogihara, R; Kosaka, K

1983-01-01

Computed tomography (CT) was used to study cerebral atrophy in 18 patients with clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease of presenile type and in 14 healthy age-matched subjects as controls. Using the computerized planimetric method, Subarachnoid Space Volume Index and Ventricle Volume Index were calculated as the measure of cortical atrophy and ventricular dilatation respectively. From the results the following conclusions were drawn: 1. The cerebral atrophy in Alzheimer patients could be attributable to the disease processes rather than to physiological aging of the brain. 2. The degree of atrophy increases in parallel with the progress of the clinical stage, and the cortical atrophy is already apparent at an early stage, whereas the ventricular dilatation becomes pronounced at later stages. 3. CT could be one of the most useful clinical tests available for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.

Reconocimiento facial de emociones básicas y complejas en una población de pacientes con demencia frontotemporal variante frontal Facial recognition of basic and complex emotions in a population of patients with frontal variant of frontotemporal dementia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Eugenia Tabernero

2011-12-01

Full Text Available La variante frontal de la Demencia Frontotemporal (DFTvf se caracteriza por un severo trastorno de la conducta y la personalidad, explicado por alteraciones en el procesamiento emocional y/o en la Teoría de la Mente (TdM. Objetivo: Evaluar los procesos cognitivos involucrados en a resolución del Test de Caras (Baron-Cohen et al., 1997 en comparación con el test Lectura de la Mente en los Ojos (LMO (Baron-Cohen et al., 2001 y la utilidad de ambos para el diagnóstico de alteraciones en la TdM en pacientes con DFTvf. Población: 20 pacientes con diagnóstico de DFTvf, media de edad 66,9 años y escolaridad 6,25 años. Resultados: Correlación significativa entre LMO y el Test de Caras. Doble disociación entre ambas pruebas. Conclusión: La presencia de correlaciones indica que ambas pruebas se afectan en esta demencia, resultando herramientas de igual valor clínico. El hallazgo de disociaciones indica que cada una de ellas evalúa procesos cognitivos parcialmente independientesThe frontal variant of frontotemporal dementia (FTDfv is characterized by a severe behavioural and personality impairment, explained by alterations in the emotional process and/or in Theory of Mind (ToM. Objective: To assess the cognitive processes involved in performing the Faces Test (Baron-Cohen et al., 1997 in comparison with Reading de Mind in the Eyes Test (RME (Baron-Cohen et al., 2001, and the utility of both in the diagnosis of ToM alterations in FTDfv patients. Subjects: 20 patients diagnosed with FTDfv, mean age 66,9 years and mean education 6,25 years. Results: Significative correlation between RME and Faces Test. Double dissociation between these tests. Conclusion: The presence of correlations indicates that both tests are affected in this dementia, being both useful as clinical tools. The dissociations founded indicates that each one assesses partially-independent cognitive processes.

Gaps in Alzheimer's Knowledge among College Students

Science.gov (United States)

Eshbaugh, Elaine M.

2014-01-01

Despite the prevalence of the disease, it appears that there may be a need for increased education for formal and family caregivers of those with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Today's college students will be asked to fill both of these roles in the future. This study examined the level of knowledge of Alzheimer's disease among…

Quebrando estereótipos e rompendo preconceitos na sala de aula

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daniela Jakubaszko

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Este texto se preocupa em contribuir para a reflexão que torna possível a identificação e ruptura dos estereótipos sociais que dão origem a preconceitos e ações discriminatórias. Com base nos estudos de Walter Lippann, Agnes Heller, Adam Shaff e Eclea Bosi, pretende-se discutir os conceitos de estereótipo e preconceito, buscando entender o que são e porque se formam. Para entender melhor o estereótipo temos que refletir sobre três elementos que a ele se ligam: a linguagem, o cotidiano e o senso comum. É no plano da linguagem - do diálogo e das práticas de linguagem - que se deve estudar e se pode romper e desconstruir os estereótipos, tomando consciência da própria formação discursiva. O texto oferece, ainda, algumas sugestões para trabalhar o conceito na sala de aula e para ampliar o repertório de textos e referências a serem debatidas com os alunos.

El modelo estocástico de Vasicek para la predicción de tipos de interés. Aplicación al tipo de interés interbancario EONIA

OpenAIRE

TAMARIT RAMOS, SALVADOR

2013-01-01

[ES] Las variaciones de los tipos de interés ofrecidos por el dinero en bancos y otras entidades financieras afectan directamente a los mercados bursátiles. Así, por ejemplo, cuando los tipos de interés suben, se producen bajadas en las cotizaciones de las acciones en la bolsa. Estos movimientos decrecientes pueden explicarse por diferentes razones. En primer lugar, los altos tipos de interés elevan las cargas financieras de las empresas y, por lo tanto, empeoran los resultados económicos, lo...

La Planta única como tipo resistente a la escala

OpenAIRE

Colmenares Vilata, Silvia

2014-01-01

El sistema capitalista ha generado dos de los modelos espaciales de indiferencia funcional más extremos: por un lado, el espacio tecnificado y repetido del edificio de oficinas en altura, encarnado por la ?planta tipo? y, por otro, el espacio diáfano y extenso del gran contendor, que responde a la lógica de lo que llamaremos ?planta única?. En los edificios construidos para la industria automovilística y bélica americana se encuentra el germen de un tipo que servirá de modelo para los nuevos ...

Body mass index and risk of Alzheimer's disease

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nordestgaard, Liv Tybjærg; Tybjærg-Hansen, Anne; Nordestgaard, Børge G.

2017-01-01

between low BMI and high risk of Alzheimer's disease. Design, Setting, and Participants: Using a Mendelian randomization approach, we studied 95,578 individuals from the Copenhagen General Population Study (CGPS) with up to 36 years of follow-up and consortia data on 303,958 individuals from the Genetic...... Investigation of Anthropometric Traits (GIANT) and the International Genomics of Alzheimer's Project (IGAP). Main Outcome Measure: Risk of Alzheimer's disease. Results: The causal odds ratio for a 1-kg/m2 genetically determined lower BMI was 0.98 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.77 to 1.23] for a weighted...... allele score in the CGPS. Using 32 BMIdecreasing variants from GIANT and IGAP the causal odds ratio for Alzheimer's disease for a 1-standard deviation (SD) lower genetically determined BMI was 1.02 (95% CI, 0.86 to 1.22). Corresponding observational hazard ratios from the CGPS were 1.07 (95% CI, 1...

[Development of anti-Alzheimer's disease drug based on beta-amyloid hypothesis].

Science.gov (United States)

Sugimoto, Hachiro

2010-04-01

Currently, there are five anti-Alzheimer's disease drugs approved. These are tacrine, donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine, and memantine. The mechanism of the first four drugs is acetylcholinesterase inhibition, while memantine is an NMDA-receptor antagonist. However, these drugs do not cure Alzheimer's, but are only symptomatic treatments. Therefore, a cure for Alzheimer's disease is truly needed. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by cognitive deficits. The cause of the disease is not well understood, but research indicates that the aggregation of beta-amyloid is the fundamental cause. This theory suggests that beta-amyloid aggregation causes neurotoxicity. Therefore, development of the next anti-Alzheimer's disease drug is based on the beta-amyloid theory. We are now studying natural products, such as mulberry leaf extracts and curcumin derivatives, as potential cure for Alzheimer's disease. In this report, we describe some data about these natural products and derivatives.

Estimulación de diferentes tipos de inteligencias a través de los videojuegos

OpenAIRE

Aliciardi, Agustina; De Cunto, Guillermo; Marcucci, Ricardo Martín

2016-01-01

Existen diferentes tipos de inteligencia (lógico-matemática, verbal-lingüística, corporal-cinestésica, musical, naturalista, visual-espacial, interpersonal, intrapersonal). Conocer las habilidades y capacidades típicas de cada tipo de inteligencia permite saber que tipo de actividades realizar para estimularlas y lograr generar un desarrollo más equilibrado, que le permita a las personas maximizar su potencial aprovechando sus fortalezas. Debido a esto, se investigaron diferentes tipos de jue...

Is α‐T catenin (VR22) an Alzheimer's disease risk gene?

Science.gov (United States)

Bertram, Lars; Mullin, Kristina; Parkinson, Michele; Hsiao, Monica; Moscarillo, Thomas J; Wagner, Steven L; Becker, K David; Velicelebi, Gonul; Blacker, Deborah; Tanzi, Rudolph E

2007-01-01

Background Recently, conflicting reports have been published on the potential role of genetic variants in the α‐T catenin gene (VR22; CTNNA3) on the risk for Alzheimer's disease. In these papers, evidence for association is mostly observed in multiplex families with Alzheimer's disease, whereas case–control samples of sporadic Alzheimer's disease are predominantly negative. Methods After sequencing VR22 in multiplex families with Alzheimer's disease linked to chromosome 10q21, we identified a novel non‐synonymous (Ser596Asn; rs4548513) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). This and four non‐coding SNPs were assessed in two independent samples of families with Alzheimer's disease, one with 1439 subjects from 437 multiplex families with Alzheimer's disease and the other with 489 subjects from 217 discordant sibships. Results A weak association with the Ser596Asn SNP in the multiplex sample, predominantly in families with late‐onset Alzheimer's disease (p = 0.02), was observed. However, this association does not seem to contribute substantially to the chromosome 10 Alzheimer's disease linkage signal that we and others have reported previously. No evidence was found of association with any of the four additional SNPs tested in the multiplex families with Alzheimer's disease. Finally, the Ser596Asn change was not associated with the risk for Alzheimer's disease in the independent discordant sibship sample. Conclusions This is the first study to report evidence of an association between a potentially functional, non‐synonymous SNP in VR22 and the risk for Alzheimer's disease. As the underlying effects are probably small, and are only seen in families with multiple affected members, the population‐wide significance of this finding remains to be determined. PMID:17209133

Epigenetics in Alzheimer's Disease: Perspective of DNA Methylation.

Science.gov (United States)

Qazi, Talal Jamil; Quan, Zhenzhen; Mir, Asif; Qing, Hong

2018-02-01

Research over the years has shown that causes of Alzheimer's disease are not well understood, but over the past years, the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms in the developing memory formation either under pathological or physiological conditions has become clear. The term epigenetics represents the heredity of changes in phenotype that are independent of altered DNA sequences. Different studies validated that cytosine methylation of genomic DNA decreases with age in different tissues of mammals, and therefore, the role of epigenetic factors in developing neurological disorders in aging has been under focus. In this review, we summarized and reviewed the involvement of different epigenetic mechanisms especially the DNA methylation in Alzheimer's disease (AD), late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD), familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD), and autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease (ADAD). Down to the minutest of details, we tried to discuss the methylation patterns like mitochondrial DNA methylation and ribosomal DNA (rDNA) methylation. Additionally, we mentioned some therapeutic approaches related to epigenetics, which could provide a potential cure for AD. Moreover, we reviewed some recent studies that validate DNA methylation as a potential biomarker and its role in AD. We hope that this review will provide new insights into the understanding of AD pathogenesis from the epigenetic perspective especially from the perspective of DNA methylation.

Slower Dynamics and Aged Mitochondria in Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease

Science.gov (United States)

Gargini, Ricardo; García, Esther; Perry, George

2017-01-01

Sporadic Alzheimer's disease corresponds to 95% of cases whose origin is multifactorial and elusive. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a major feature of Alzheimer's pathology, which might be one of the early events that trigger downstream principal events. Here, we show that multiple genes that control mitochondrial homeostasis, including fission and fusion, are downregulated in Alzheimer's patients. Additionally, we demonstrate that some of these dysregulations, such as diminished DLP1 levels and its mitochondrial localization, as well as reduced STOML2 and MFN2 fusion protein levels, take place in fibroblasts from sporadic Alzheimer's disease patients. The analysis of mitochondrial network disruption using CCCP indicates that the patients' fibroblasts exhibit slower dynamics and mitochondrial membrane potential recovery. These defects lead to strong accumulation of aged mitochondria in Alzheimer's fibroblasts. Accordingly, the analysis of autophagy and mitophagy involved genes in the patients demonstrates a downregulation indicating that the recycling mechanism of these aged mitochondria might be impaired. Our data reinforce the idea that mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the key early events of the disease intimately related with aging. PMID:29201274

Pharmacologic management of Alzheimer disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Downey, Deborah

2008-02-01

Although the diagnosis of AD can be devastating, treatment options exist that can slow the disease's progression and allow patients to continue performing ADLs, thereby improving the quality of life for both patient and caregiver. Research is ongoing, and it is estimated by the Alzheimer's Association that finding a treatment that could delay onset by only 5 years could reduce the number of individuals with AD by nearly 50% over the next 50 years (Alzheimer's Association, 2007). Although pharmacotherapy is not yet a cure, it does remain an important part of a total approach to caring for patients and families affected by AD.

Alzheimer’s Disease Deaths

Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

2017-05-25

Dr. Christopher Taylor of CDC’s Alzheimer’s Disease and Healthy Aging Program describes Alzheimer’s disease, the fifth leading cause of death in Americans 65 years and older.  Created: 5/25/2017 by National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (NCCDPHP).   Date Released: 5/25/2017.

An image processing technique for diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Massoud Mahmoudian

2009-08-01

Full Text Available

• BACKGROUND: Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD reportedly hibit hypersensitivity to much diluted tropicam solution (0.005%, a M4 muscarinic receptor antagonist. Therefore aocular application of 0.005% tropicamide ma be useful for screening dementia. The aim of this study was to simplify the pupil response test by using a new image analyzing system, which consists of a cheap, simple, and easy to use web-camera and a computer.
• METHODS: Intraocular tropicamide of 0.005% concentration was administered in 3 groups: Alzheimer's disease patients (n = 8, average age = 76 ± 5, non-Alzheimer's disease elderly (n = 6, average age = 65 ± 7, and young subjects (n = 8, average age = 28 ± 5. Every 5 minutes for 60 minutes, image of the eye's shape were taken, and the diameter of the pupils was measured.
• RESULTS: The results showed that differences in pupil dilation rate between Alzheimer's disease and non-Alzheimer's disease subjects were statistically significant. ROC analysis showed that after 35 minutes the sensitivity and specificity of the test were 100%.
• CONCLUSIONS: Based on our results, we concluded that this recording system might be an appropriate and reliable tool for pupil response diagnosis test of Alzheimer's disease.
• KEYWORDS: Alzheimer’s Disease, Tropicamide, Pupil.

Influence of cerebrovascular disease on brain networks in prodromal and clinical Alzheimer's disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Chong, Joanna Su Xian; Liu, Siwei; Loke, Yng Miin; Hilal, Saima; Ikram, Mohammad Kamran; Xu, Xin; Tan, Boon Yeow; Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy; Chen, Christopher Li-Hsian; Zhou, Juan

2017-11-01

Network-sensitive neuroimaging methods have been used to characterize large-scale brain network degeneration in Alzheimer's disease and its prodrome. However, few studies have investigated the combined effect of Alzheimer's disease and cerebrovascular disease on brain network degeneration. Our study sought to examine the intrinsic functional connectivity and structural covariance network changes in 235 prodromal and clinical Alzheimer's disease patients with and without cerebrovascular disease. We focused particularly on two higher-order cognitive networks-the default mode network and the executive control network. We found divergent functional connectivity and structural covariance patterns in Alzheimer's disease patients with and without cerebrovascular disease. Alzheimer's disease patients without cerebrovascular disease, but not Alzheimer's disease patients with cerebrovascular disease, showed reductions in posterior default mode network functional connectivity. By comparison, while both groups exhibited parietal reductions in executive control network functional connectivity, only Alzheimer's disease patients with cerebrovascular disease showed increases in frontal executive control network connectivity. Importantly, these distinct executive control network changes were recapitulated in prodromal Alzheimer's disease patients with and without cerebrovascular disease. Across Alzheimer's disease patients with and without cerebrovascular disease, higher default mode network functional connectivity z-scores correlated with greater hippocampal volumes while higher executive control network functional connectivity z-scores correlated with greater white matter changes. In parallel, only Alzheimer's disease patients without cerebrovascular disease showed increased default mode network structural covariance, while only Alzheimer's disease patients with cerebrovascular disease showed increased executive control network structural covariance compared to controls. Our

Vaccination against Alzheimer disease: an update on future strategies.

Science.gov (United States)

Fettelschoss, Antonia; Zabel, Franziska; Bachmann, Martin F

2014-01-01

Alzheimer disease is a devastating chronic disease without adequate therapy. More than 10 years ago, it was demonstrated in transgenic mouse models that vaccination may be a novel, disease-modifying therapy for Alzheimer. Subsequent clinical development has been a roller-coaster with some positive and many negative news. Here, we would like to summarize evidence that next generation vaccines optimized for old people and focusing on patients with mild disease stand a good chance to proof efficacious for the treatment of Alzheimer.

Efficacy of psychosocial intervention in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease: the multicentre, rater blinded, randomised Danish Alzheimer Intervention Study (DAISY)

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Waldorff, F.B.; Buss, D.V.; Eckermann, A.

2012-01-01

To assess the efficacy at 12 months of an early psychosocial counselling and support programme for outpatients with mild Alzheimer's disease and their primary care givers.......To assess the efficacy at 12 months of an early psychosocial counselling and support programme for outpatients with mild Alzheimer's disease and their primary care givers....

Comparison of CSF Distribution between Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus and Alzheimer Disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Yamada, S; Ishikawa, M; Yamamoto, K

2016-07-01

CSF volumes in the basal cistern and Sylvian fissure are increased in both idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus and Alzheimer disease, though the differences in these volumes in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus and Alzheimer disease have not been well-described. Using CSF segmentation and volume quantification, we compared the distribution of CSF in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus and Alzheimer disease. CSF volumes were extracted from T2-weighted 3D spin-echo sequences on 3T MR imaging and quantified semi-automatically. We compared the volumes and ratios of the ventricles and subarachnoid spaces after classification in 30 patients diagnosed with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus, 10 with concurrent idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus and Alzheimer disease, 18 with Alzheimer disease, and 26 control subjects 60 years of age or older. Brain to ventricle ratios at the anterior and posterior commissure levels and 3D volumetric convexity cistern to ventricle ratios were useful indices for the differential diagnosis of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus or idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus with Alzheimer disease from Alzheimer disease, similar to the z-Evans index and callosal angle. The most distinctive characteristics of the CSF distribution in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus were small convexity subarachnoid spaces and the large volume of the basal cistern and Sylvian fissure. The distribution of the subarachnoid spaces in the idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus with Alzheimer disease group was the most deformed among these 3 groups, though the mean ventricular volume of the idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus with Alzheimer disease group was intermediate between that of the idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus and Alzheimer disease groups. The z-axial expansion of the lateral ventricle and compression of the brain just above the ventricle were the common findings in the parameters for differentiating

A light therapy for treating Alzheimer's disease

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Xue; Han, Mengmeng; Wang, Qiyan; Zeng, Yuhui; Meng, Qingqiang; Zhang, Jun; Wei, Xunbin

2017-02-01

It is generally believed that there are some connections between Alzheimer's disease and amyloid protein plaques in the brain. The typical symptoms of Alzheimer's disease are memory loss, language disorders, mood swings, loss of motivation and behavioral issues. Currently, the main therapeutic method is pharmacotherapy, which may temporarily reduce symptoms, but has many side effects. Infrared light therapy has been studied in a range of single and multiple irradiation protocols in previous studies and was found beneficial for neuropathology. In our research we have studied the effect of infrared light on Alzheimer's disease through transgenic mouse model. We designed an experimental apparatus for treating mice, which primarily included a therapeutic box and a LED array, which emitted infrared light. After the treatment, we assessed the effects of infrared light by performing two tests: cognitive performance of mice in Morris water maze, and plaque load by immunofluorescence analysis. Immunofluorescence analysis was based on measuring the quantity of plaques in mouse brain slices. Our results show that infrared therapy is able to improve cognitive performance in the mouse model. It might provide a novel and safe way to treat Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer Disease: Pharmacologic and Nonpharmacologic Therapies for Cognitive and Functional Symptoms.

Science.gov (United States)

Epperly, Ted; Dunay, Megan A; Boice, Jack L

2017-06-15

Alzheimer disease comprises a syndrome of progressive cognitive and functional decline. Treatments should target cognitive and functional symptoms. Cholinesterase inhibitors, memantine, and a combination of a cholinesterase inhibitor and memantine have produced statistically significant but clinically small delays in various domains of cognitive and functional decline in select patients with Alzheimer disease. Vitamin E has been shown to delay functional decline in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer disease, especially when taken in combination with a cholinesterase inhibitor. Structured programs of physical exercise improve physical function and reduce rates of neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with mild to severe Alzheimer disease. Cognitive stimulation programs show benefit in maintenance of cognitive function and improved self-reported quality of life in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer disease.

In vivo target bio-imaging of Alzheimer's disease by fluorescent zinc oxide nanoclusters.

Science.gov (United States)

Lai, Lanmei; Zhao, Chunqiu; Su, Meina; Li, Xiaoqi; Liu, Xiaoli; Jiang, Hui; Amatore, Christian; Wang, Xuemei

2016-07-21

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disease which is difficult to cure. When Alzheimer's disease occurs, the level of zinc ions in the brain changes, and the relevant amount of zinc ions continue decreasing in the cerebrospinal fluid and plasma of Alzheimer's patients with disease exacerbation. In view of these considerations, we have explored a new strategy for the in vivo rapid fluorescence imaging of Alzheimer's disease through target bio-labeling of zinc oxide nanoclusters which were biosynthesized in vivo in the Alzheimer's brain via intravenous injection of zinc gluconate solution. By using three-month-old and six-month-old Alzheimer's model mice as models, our observations demonstrate that biocompatible zinc ions could pass through the blood-brain barrier of the Alzheimer's disease mice and generate fluorescent zinc oxide nanoclusters (ZnO NCs) through biosynthesis, and then the bio-synthesized ZnO NCs could readily accumulate in situ on the hippocampus specific region for the in vivo fluorescent labeling of the affected sites. This study provides a new way for the rapid diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and may have promising prospects in the effective diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.

Caracterización demográfica de cuidadores informales de ancianos con ictus y demencias en Santiago de Cuba / Demographic characterization of informal caretakers of ancient with ictus and dementias in Santiago de Cuba

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Larissa Beatriz Turtós Carbonell

2016-07-01

Full Text Available La presente investigación se realizó para caracterizar demográficamente a una población de cuidadores informales de pacientes con ictus y demencia, e identificar la relación estadística entre características demográficas y patologías asociadas a la tarea de cuidador. Para ello se realizó un estudio descriptivo con 237 cuidadores. Se aplicó una Encuesta para obtener la información necesaria. El análisis de datos implicó estadística descriptiva y correlacional. El 71.7% de cuidadores fue mujer, el 28.3% hombre. La edad media es de 49.83 años, y el tiempo medio de dedicación a la tarea de 42.86 meses. El 49.4% de cuidadores son hijos o parejas del enfermo, el 50.6% tiene otros vínculos consanguíneos. El 53.2% es cuidador a tiempo completo, mientras 46.7% a tiempo parcial

Atendiendo a las Variadas Problemáticas de los Cuidadores Familiares de Personas con Demencia: Aportaciones de la Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual y de la Terapia de Aceptación y Compromiso

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andrés Losada

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Cuidar a un familiar mayor con demencia se asocia con consecuencias emocionales negativas para los cuidadores. En este trabajo se describe una terapia cognitivo-conductual (TCC y otra de aceptación y compromiso (ACT que han sido diseñadas para reducir el malestar emocional de los cuidadores. El objetivo de la TTC es modificar creencias y pensamientos disfuncionales relacionados con el cuidado y entrenar a los cuidadores en el aumento de la frecuencia de actividades gratificantes. Incluye además entrenamiento en relajación y en habilidades para pedir ayuda. A través de la terapia ACT se trabaja la identificación del patrón personal de evitación experiencial y la alternativa de la aceptación de emociones, pensamientos y sensaciones, se ayuda al cuidador a identificar sus valores y las barreras para la acción coherente con ellos y se trabaja para incrementar la motivació del cuidador para comprometerse con sus valores y llevar a cabo acciones coherentes con dichos valores.

The usefulness of CT scanning in clinical observation on the patients with Alzheimer`s disease; Znaczenie tomografii komputerowej w obserwacji klinicznej pacjentow z choroba Alzheimera

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Golebiowski, M; Barcikowska, M; Pfeffer-Baczuk, A; Luczywek, E [Akademia Medyczna, Warsaw (Poland)

1994-12-31

On the basis of brain CT studies of 150 patients of the clinic for persons with Alzheimer`s disease the diagnostic utility of measurement of hippocampal fissure and craniocerebral ratios was assessed. In analyzed group hippocampal fissure measurements greater than 4 mm occurred only in patients with symptoms of Alzheimer`s type dementia. The measurement showed 90% sensitivity and 70% specificity as the prognostic factor of clinical course, especially at the first part of the disease. The evaluation of the hippocampal fissure in conjunction with detailed analysis of CT picture of the atrophic brain allowed for precise final diagnosis. (author). 14 refs, 4 refs.

Representaciones mentales sobre los tipos de agresión en escolares

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yuly Fang Alandette

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo presenta un estudio descriptivo comparativo de corte transversal acerca de las representaciones mentales de los tipos de agresión en una muestra de 60 niños escolarizados, de 8 a 11 años de edad. Los niños provienen de los niveles socio-económicos alto y bajo de la ciudad de Cartagena. Para recolectar la información, se utilizó la técnica de entrevista clínica piagetiana de tipo semi-estructurada, apoyada con dibujos que permitieron explorar las ideas y sentimientos de los niños y las niñas. Las explicaciones de los niños son más claras y estructuradas respecto a las agresiones directas de tipo físico y verbal, adiferencia de las representaciones de agresiones, tales como la amenaza y exclusión que se muestran menos elaboradas. Aunque se observan diferencias de acuerdo con la edad al identificar los tipos de agresión y las categorías evaluadas, las explicaciones difieren en muchos casos de los resultados de otras investigaciones.

75 FR 12241 - Agency Information Collection Activities; Proposed Collection; Comment Request; Alzheimer's...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-03-15

... Activities; Proposed Collection; Comment Request; Alzheimer's Disease Supportive Services Program... requirements relating to the Alzheimer's Disease Supportive Services Program. DATES: Submit written or... other forms of information technology. The Alzheimer's Disease Supportive Services Program (ADSSP) is...

[Anti-ageing therapies in Alzheimer's disease].

Science.gov (United States)

Alonso Abreu, Gara S; Brito Armas, José M; Castro Fuentes, Rafael

Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly population. Currently, there are no effective treatments to prevent or delay the natural course of the disease. Numerous studies have provided information about the molecular processes underlying biological ageing and, perhaps more importantly, potential interventions to slow ageing and promote healthy longevity in laboratory model systems. The main issue addressed in this review is whether an intervention that has anti-ageing properties can alter the appearance and/or progression of Alzheimer's disease, a disease in which age is the biggest risk factor. Different anti-ageing interventions have been shown to prevent (and in some cases possibly restore) several parameters recognised as central symptoms to the development of Alzheimer's disease. In addition, they are taking the first steps towards translating these laboratory discoveries into clinical applications. Copyright © 2017 SEGG. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

Positron emission tomography studies of neuronal activity patterns during sensory and cognitive stimulations in Alzheimer`s disease. A study of cortical attention sites in man

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Johannsen, Peter

1997-12-31

This Ph.D.-thesis describes different subtypes of attention, models for the organization of attention, and the attention deficits in Alzheimer`s disease. The experimental part of the study is based on studies of sustained and divided attention to two different sensory modalities; a visual checkerboard stimulation reversing at 7 Hz, and a 110 Hz vibrotactile stimulation of the right hand in a group of healthy elderly subjects (n = 16) age-matched with a group of patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer`s disease (n = 16). The cortical activations during the attention tasks have been mapped using O-15-water and positron emission tomography (PET) measurements of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) during rest and during performance of an attention task. After anatomical standardization and averaging over subjects, activation foci were assessed by a t-statistical evaluation of the differences of rCBF maps acquired before and during the execution of the attention tasks. The rCBF deficits in the Alzheimer patients were compared to rCBF pattern in the healthy elderly and assessed statistically on a voxel-by-voxel basis, revealing a distinct and localized pattern of rCBF deficits extending from the hippocampal area along the longitudinal fascicle to the temporo-parietal cortices with further deficits in the frontal regions. The resting rCBF deficits are distributed with the same pattern as described in neuropathological studies of lesions in Alzheimer`s disease. In the healthy elderly, both sustained and divided attention elicited activation of the right inferior parietal lobule (Brodmann Area 19/40) and the right middle frontal gyrus (Brodmann Area 46). Divided attention favored activation of the right middle frontal gyrus and sustained attention activation of the right inferior parietal lobule. Both the frontal and the parietal attention sites were active during attention to both the visual and the vibrotactile stimuli. These results support a network hypothesis of

Sex biology contributions to vulnerability to Alzheimer's disease: A think tank convened by the Women's Alzheimer's Research Initiative.

Science.gov (United States)

Snyder, Heather M; Asthana, Sanjay; Bain, Lisa; Brinton, Roberta; Craft, Suzanne; Dubal, Dena B; Espeland, Mark A; Gatz, Margaret; Mielke, Michelle M; Raber, Jacob; Rapp, Peter R; Yaffe, Kristine; Carrillo, Maria C

2016-11-01

More than 5 million Americans are living with Alzheimer's disease (AD) today, and nearly two-thirds of Americans with AD are women. This sex difference may be due to the higher longevity women generally experience; however, increasing evidence suggests that longevity alone is not a sufficient explanation and there may be other factors at play. The Alzheimer's Association convened an expert think tank to focus on the state of the science and level of evidence around gender and biological sex differences for AD, including the knowledge gaps and areas of science that need to be more fully addressed. This article summarizes the think tank discussion, moving forward a research agenda and funding program to better understand the biological underpinnings of sex- and gender-related disparities of risk for AD. Copyright © 2016 The Alzheimer's Association. All rights reserved.

The Alzheimer myth and biomarker research in dementia

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Richard, E.; Schmand, B.; Eikelenboom, P.; Westendorp, R.G.; van Gool, W.A.

2012-01-01

The focus of most of the research on Alzheimer's disease in the last decades has been on senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. The vast majority of patients with Alzheimer's disease are over 75 years of age, whereas most of the research focuses on younger subjects. To consider old-age dementia

The Alzheimer Myth and Biomarker Research in Dementia

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Richard, Edo; Schmand, Ben; Eikelenboom, Piet; Westendorp, Rudi G.; van Gool, Willem A.

2012-01-01

The focus of most of the research on Alzheimer's disease in the last decades has been on senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. The vast majority of patients with Alzheimer's disease are over 75 years of age, whereas most of the research focuses on younger subjects. To consider old-age dementia

Ictiosis congénita tipo laminar, reporte de un caso.

OpenAIRE

Joaquín Saavedra D.; María José Sierralta S.; Cristian Saavedra D; Vanesa Rivera C; Francisco Cerda C.

2014-01-01

RESUMEN INTRODUCCIÓN: La ictiosis tipo laminar es una enfermedad dermatológica infrecuente perteneciente al grupo de las llamadas genodermatosis. Es una forma de ictiosis congénita que es evidente desde el nacimiento. PRESENTACIÓN DEL CASO: Recién nacido por cesárea, sexo masculino, de 36 semanas de gestación, adecuado para la edad gestacional y con APGAR 8. Antecedentes familiares: padres no consanguíneos y hermano con ictiosis tipo laminar. Luego de nacer es hospital...

Lexical priming in Alzheimer's disease and aphasia.

Science.gov (United States)

Arroyo-Anlló, Eva Maria; Beauchamps, Mireille; Ingrand, Pierre; Neau, Jean Philippe; Gil, Roger

2013-01-01

Lexical priming was examined in patients with Alzheimer's disease and in aphasic patients. Control participants were divided into young and elderly [cf. Arroyo-Anlló et al.: Eur J Cogn Psychol 2004;16:535-553]. For lexical priming, a word-stem completion task was used. Normal elderly participants had lexical priming scores that were significantly lower than those of young individuals. Analysis of covariance with age and educational level as covariates showed that the control participants, aphasic and Alzheimer patients did not differ significantly on the lexical priming task. Our results suggest that performance in the lexical priming task diminishes with physiological aging, but is not significantly affected by mild or moderate Alzheimer's disease or by fluent or non-fluent aphasia. Copyright © 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Aluminium in brain tissue in familial Alzheimer's disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Mirza, Ambreen; King, Andrew; Troakes, Claire; Exley, Christopher

2017-03-01

The genetic predispositions which describe a diagnosis of familial Alzheimer's disease can be considered as cornerstones of the amyloid cascade hypothesis. Essentially they place the expression and metabolism of the amyloid precursor protein as the main tenet of disease aetiology. However, we do not know the cause of Alzheimer's disease and environmental factors may yet be shown to contribute towards its onset and progression. One such environmental factor is human exposure to aluminium and aluminium has been shown to be present in brain tissue in sporadic Alzheimer's disease. We have made the first ever measurements of aluminium in brain tissue from 12 donors diagnosed with familial Alzheimer's disease. The concentrations of aluminium were extremely high, for example, there were values in excess of 10μg/g tissue dry wt. in 5 of the 12 individuals. Overall, the concentrations were higher than all previous measurements of brain aluminium except cases of known aluminium-induced encephalopathy. We have supported our quantitative analyses using a novel method of aluminium-selective fluorescence microscopy to visualise aluminium in all lobes of every brain investigated. The unique quantitative data and the stunning images of aluminium in familial Alzheimer's disease brain tissue raise the spectre of aluminium's role in this devastating disease. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier GmbH.. All rights reserved.

New cardiovascular targets to prevent late onset Alzheimer disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Claassen, Jurgen A H R

2015-09-15

The prevalence of dementia rises to between 20% and 40% with advancing age. The dominant cause of dementia in approximately 70% of these patients is Alzheimer disease. There is no effective disease-modifying pharmaceutical treatment for this neurodegenerative disease. A wide range of Alzheimer drugs that appeared effective in animal models have recently failed to show clinical benefit in patients. However, hopeful news has emerged from recent studies that suggest that therapeutic strategies aimed at reducing cardiovascular disease may also reduce the prevalence of dementia due to Alzheimer disease. This review summarizes the evidence for this link between cardiovascular disease and late onset Alzheimer dementia. Only evidence from human research is considered here. Longitudinal studies show an association between high blood pressure and pathological accumulation of the protein amyloid-beta42, and an even stronger association between vascular stiffness and amyloid accumulation, in elderly subjects. Amyloid-beta42 accumulation is considered to be an early marker of Alzheimer disease, and increases the risk of subsequent cognitive decline and development of dementia. These observations could provide an explanation for recent observations of reduced dementia prevalence associated with improved cardiovascular care. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hampel, H.; Padberg, F.; Koetter, H.U.; Teipel, S.J.; Ehrhardt, T.; Hegerl, U.; Stuebner, S.; Moeller, H.J.

1997-01-01

Alzheimer's disease is often diagnosed too late. Its etiology is still largely unknown and remains one of the big challenges in neurobiological fundamental research. Optimized early and differential diagnosis can be ensured by a dynamic concept of multidisciplinary diagnosis in cooperation between practitioners specializing in brain disorders, clinical psychogeriatric deprtments, and general practitioners. This, in turn, will enable individualized planning of further living conditions and care of Alzheimer patients and their relations as well as efficient and early pharmacotherapy and psychological intervention. (orig) [de

La volatilidad del tipo de cambio paralelo en Venezuela 2005-2015

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Laura Daniela Castillo Paredes

2017-02-01

Full Text Available El tipo de cambio paralelo constituye una de las principales variables económicas para la toma de decisiones en Venezuela. Para analizar el comportamiento de esta variable tomando en cuenta sus características inherentes, exceso de curtosis, persistencia y asimetría, se hace una síntesis teórica de los principales modelos estocásticos de volatilidad y, se estima un conjunto de modelos. El modelo que mejor ajusta el comportamiento de la variable es un EGARCH (1,1, que captura el efecto asimétrico de las perturbaciones estocásticas sobre la serie. Ante choques negativos (depreciación del tipo de cambio paralelo, la volatilidad asociada se incrementa, pero para choques positivos (apreciación del tipo de cambio paralelo, se mantiene constante.

Estudio neuroepidemiológico nacional (EPINEURO colombiano National neuroepidemiological study in Colombia (EPINEURO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gustavo Pradilla A.

2003-08-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Determinar la prevalencia de ocho problemas neurológicos -migraña, enfermedad cerebrovascular, enfermedad de Parkinson, neuropatía periférica, trastornos del desarrollo neurológico, epilepsia, demencia y secuelas de traumatismo craneoencefálico- en Colombia como parte del estudio neuroepidemiológico nacional (EPINEURO. MÉTODOS: Se realizó una encuesta transversal en dos fases entre septiembre de 1995 y agosto de 1996. En la primera fase se identificó a las personas que podían estar padeciendo alguna enfermedad neurológica y en la segunda se hizo el diagnóstico específico. Se examinó una muestra de 8 910 personas distribuidas en proporción con la población de cada una de las cinco zonas geográficas de Colombia, que son las regiones central, sudoccidental, noroccidental, oriental y la costa caribe. La evaluación se realizó según una versión modificada del protocolo de neuroepidemiología de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, además de un examen físico simplificado. A los posibles pacientes de demencia identificados se les aplicó un examen neuropsicológico, diseñado para este estudio, con el fin de profundizar en los aspectos cognoscitivos. Se aplicaron las escalas de Hachinski, Yesavage y Blessed y los criterios diagnósticos del NINCDS-ADRDA para la enfermedad de Alzheimer, los del NINDS-AIREN para la demencia de origen vascular y los del DSM-IV para todo tipo de demencia. Se realizó una encuesta para determinar si había secuelas de traumatismo craneoencefálico. Las personas mayores de 12 años fueron evaluadas por neurólogos de adultos y los menores de 12 años por un neuropediatra. Se calcularon las prevalencias de trastornos neurológicos por edad y sexo, tanto por región como para el país en su totalidad, y sus intervalos de confianza de 95%. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia por 1 000 habitantes de los trastornos investigados fueron las siguientes: migraña, 71,2 (intervalo de confianza de 95% [IC95

The behavioural/dysexecutive variant of Alzheimer's disease: clinical, neuroimaging and pathological features

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Ossenkoppele, R.; Pijnenburg, Y.A.L.; Perry, D.C.; Cohn-Sheehy, B.I.; Scheltens, N.M.E.; Vogel, J.W.; Kramer, J.H.; van der Vlies, A.E.; La Joie, R.; Rosen, H.J.; van der Flier, W.M.; Grinberg, L.T.; Rozemuller, A.J.M.; Huang, E.J.; van Berckel, B.N.M.; Miller, B.L.; Barkhof, F.; Jagust, W.J.; Scheltens, P.; Seeley, W.W.; Rabinovici, G.D.

2015-01-01

A 'frontal variant of Alzheimer's disease' has been described in patients with predominant behavioural or dysexecutive deficits caused by Alzheimer's disease pathology. The description of this rare Alzheimer's disease phenotype has been limited to case reports and small series, and many clinical,

Vitamin D and the risk of dementia and Alzheimer disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Littlejohns, Thomas J; Henley, William E; Lang, Iain A; Annweiler, Cedric; Beauchet, Olivier; Chaves, Paulo H M; Fried, Linda; Kestenbaum, Bryan R; Kuller, Lewis H; Langa, Kenneth M; Lopez, Oscar L; Kos, Katarina; Soni, Maya; Llewellyn, David J

2014-09-02

To determine whether low vitamin D concentrations are associated with an increased risk of incident all-cause dementia and Alzheimer disease. One thousand six hundred fifty-eight elderly ambulatory adults free from dementia, cardiovascular disease, and stroke who participated in the US population-based Cardiovascular Health Study between 1992-1993 and 1999 were included. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry from blood samples collected in 1992-1993. Incident all-cause dementia and Alzheimer disease status were assessed during follow-up using National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke/Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association criteria. During a mean follow-up of 5.6 years, 171 participants developed all-cause dementia, including 102 cases of Alzheimer disease. Using Cox proportional hazards models, the multivariate adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval [CI]) for incident all-cause dementia in participants who were severely 25(OH)D deficient (Alzheimer disease in participants who were severely 25(OH)D deficient and deficient compared to participants with sufficient concentrations were 2.22 (95% CI: 1.02-4.83) and 1.69 (95% CI: 1.06-2.69). In multivariate adjusted penalized smoothing spline plots, the risk of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer disease markedly increased below a threshold of 50 nmol/L. Our results confirm that vitamin D deficiency is associated with a substantially increased risk of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer disease. This adds to the ongoing debate about the role of vitamin D in nonskeletal conditions. © 2014 American Academy of Neurology.

Validation of Alzheimer's disease CSF and plasma biological markers: the multicentre reliability study of the pilot European Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (E-ADNI)

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Buerger, Katharina; Frisoni, Giovanni; Uspenskaya, Olga

2009-01-01

BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiatives ("ADNI") aim to validate neuroimaging and biochemical markers of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Data of the pilot European-ADNI (E-ADNI) biological marker programme of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma candidate biomarkers are reported. METHO...

Seven Stages of Alzheimer's

Science.gov (United States)

... Disease > Stages Overview What Is Dementia? What Is Alzheimer's? Younger/Early Onset Facts and Figures Know the 10 Signs Stages Inside the Brain: An Interactive Tour Risk Factors Diagnosis Treatments Myths Clinical Studies Research Brain Donation ...

Riesgo de tipo de cambio: cobertura con instrumentos financieros

OpenAIRE

Gutiérrez Blanco, Vidal

2017-01-01

RESUMEN: En el siguiente trabajo se hace una pequeña aproximación al mercado de divisas, explicando qué es el tipo de cambio y cuál es el riesgo que conlleva operar con monedas de diferentes países. En primer lugar, se define el mercado de divisas, poniendo énfasis sobre el hecho de que es el mercado más grande y líquido del mundo, y se identifican cuáles son las principales operaciones llevadas a cabo en este mercado. Seguidamente, se ha explicado lo que es el tipo de cambio, cuáles son l...

Science Signaling Podcast for 10 May 2016: PKCα in Alzheimer's disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Newton, Alexandra C; Tanzi, Rudolph E; VanHook, Annalisa M

2016-05-10

This Podcast features an interview with Alexandra Newton and Rudolph Tanzi, authors of a Research Article that appears in the 10 May 2016 issue of Science Signaling, about activating mutations in protein kinase Cα that may promote the type of neural defects that characterize Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that causes cognitive loss and, eventually, death. Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ), synaptic depression, and synaptic degeneration. Alfonso et al found activating mutations in the gene encoding protein kinase Cα (PKCα) in some families with inherited Alzheimer's disease. Loss of PKCα function prevented Aβ-induced synaptic depression in brain tissue from mice, suggesting that activated forms of PKCα may contribute to Alzheimer's disease in some patients.Listen to Podcast. Copyright © 2016, American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Genetic defect causing familial Alzheimer's disease maps on chromosome 21

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

St. George-Hyslop, P.H.; Tanzi, R.E.; Polinsky, R.J.; Haines, J.L.; Nee, L.; Watkins, P.C.; Myers, R.H.; Feldman, R.G.; Pollen, D.; Drachman, D.; Growdon, J.

1987-02-20

Alzheimer's disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among the elderly. Several families have been described in which Alzheimer's disease is caused by an autosomal dominant gene defect. The chromosomal location of this defective gene has been discovered by using genetic linkage to DNA markers on chromosome 21. The localization on chromosome 21 provides an explanation for the occurrence of Alzheimer's disease-like pathology in Down syndrome. Isolation and characterization of the gene at this locus may yield new insights into the nature of the defect causing familial Alzheimer's disease and possibly, into the etiology of all forms of Alzheimer's disease.

Telomere shortening reduces Alzheimer's disease amyloid pathology in mice

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Rolyan, Harshvardhan; Scheffold, Annika; Heinrich, Annette; Begus-Nahrmann, Yvonne; Langkopf, Britta Heike; Hoelter, Sabine M.; Vogt-Weisenhorn, Daniela M.; Liss, Birgit; Wurst, Wolfgang; Lie, Dieter Chichung; Thal, Dietmar Rudolf; Biber, Knut; Rudolph, Karl Lenhard

Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder of the elderly and advancing age is the major risk factor for Alzheimer's disease development. Telomere shortening represents one of the molecular causes of ageing that limits the proliferative capacity of cells, including neural stem cells.

A computed tomography study of Alzheimer's disease

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arai, H.; Kobayashi, K.; Juntendo Univ. School of Medicine, Tokyo; Ikeda, Y.; Nagao, Y.; Ogihara, R.; Kosaka, K.; Psychiatric Research Inst. of Tokyo

1983-01-01

Computed tomography (CT) was used to study cerebral atrophy in 18 patients with clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease of presenile type and in 14 healthy age-matched subjects as controls. Using the computerized planimetric method, Subarachnoid Space Volume Index and Ventricle Volume Index were calculated as the measure of cortical atrophy and ventricular dilatation respectively. From the results the following conclusions were drawn: 1. The cerebral atrophy in Alzheimer patients could be attributable to the disease processes rather than to physiological aging of the brain. 2. The degree of atrophy increases in parallel with the progress of the clinical stage, and the cortical atrophy is already apparent at an early stage, whereas the ventricular dilatation becomes pronounced at later stages. 3. CT could be one of the most useful clinical tests available for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. (orig.) [de

Inter-observer variation of diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease by SPECT

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oshima, Motoo; Machida, Kikuo; Koizumi, Kiyoshi

2001-01-01

SPECT shows characteristic distribution in Alzheimer's disease. The purpose of this study is to define inter-observer variations in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Fifty-seven patients, included 19 Alzheimer's disease were collected from four institutions. Five-graded score was used to interprete SPECT in 18 regions. Ten nuclear medicine physicians interpreted SPECT referred with MMSE and clinical information. Among 57 cases 19 Alzheimer's disease were selected in this study. Statistics were performed between SPECT score and MMSE score. In conclusion, inter-observer variation is present in SPECT interpretation. There was a good correlation SPECT and MMSE with proper brain SPECT physicians. They are superior to in the interpretation not only resident, but other specialists. Education in the interpretation of brain SPECT looks important. (author)

Software tool for improved prediction of Alzheimer's disease

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Soininen, Hilkka; Mattila, Jussi; Koikkalainen, Juha

2012-01-01

Diagnostic criteria of Alzheimer's disease (AD) emphasize the integration of clinical data and biomarkers. In practice, collection and analysis of patient data vary greatly across different countries and clinics.......Diagnostic criteria of Alzheimer's disease (AD) emphasize the integration of clinical data and biomarkers. In practice, collection and analysis of patient data vary greatly across different countries and clinics....

Tipos de vegetación del llano de Paletará. Cordillera Central Colombia Tipos de vegetación del llano de Paletará. Cordillera Central Colombia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Restrepo Carla

1992-09-01

Full Text Available We studied the vegetation found in the Llano de Paletará, municipality of Coconuco, department of Cauca, Colombia. Based on the physiognomy and floristic composition of the vegetation we identified 8 paramo vegetation types. These units represent the most extensive azonal paramo vegetation types described up to now for the Cordillera Central. Four of the 8 vegetation types are herbaceous ("frailejonal-pajonal" with Espeletia, "chuscal abierto" with Chusquea,"swamp" with Carex, and "grassland" with Calamagrostis , three are bush tickets (thicket with Hypericum, thicket with Ageratina, and thicket with Diplostephium, and one is a forest of low stature (forest with Escallonia. We analyze some aspects of the ecology and distribution of the vegetation types and evaluate their degree of peril and value of conservation. Se estudiaron los tipos de vegetación del Llano de Paletará, municipio de Coconuco, departamento del Cauca, Colombia. Basados en la fisonomía y composición florística de la vegetación identificamos 8 tipos de vegetación, los cuales representan los tipos de vegetación paramunos de carácter azonal más extensos de la Cordillera Central registrados hasta el momento. De los 8 tipos de vegetación, cuatro son de porte herbáceo (''frailejonalpajonal'' con Espeletia. "chuscal abierto" con Chusquea. "pantano" con Carex y un "pajonal" con Calamagrostis, tres son de porte arbustivo (matorral con Hypericum, matorral con Ageratina y matorral con Diplostephium y uno es de porte arbóreo (bosque con Escallonia. Se analizan algunos aspectos de la ecología y distribución de los tipos de vegetación y se evalúa su grado de amenaza y valor de conservación.

Self-rated health in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease: baseline data from the Danish Alzheimer Intervention Study

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Waldorff, Frans Boch; Nielsen, Anni B S; Waldemar, Gunhild

2010-01-01

, but the validity and the influence on other factors on SRH among cognitively impaired persons remain unknown. This study reports how patients with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) report SRH and which factors influence SRH. The study was based on baseline data from 321 home living patients with mild AD who...... participated in the Danish Alzheimer Intervention Study (DAISY). Analysis using the generalized estimating equation (GEE) models revealed that good/excellent SRH among patients with mild AD were associated with longer education, lack of other chronic conditions, higher scores of quality of life (QOL), lower...

Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Heneka, Michael T.; Carson, Monica J.; El Khoury, Joseph; Landreth, Gary E.; Brosseron, Frederic; Feinstein, Douglas L.; Jacobs, Andreas H.; Wyss-Coray, Tony; Vitorica, Javier; Ransohoff, Richard M.; Herrup, Karl; Frautschy, Sally A.; Finsen, Bente; Brown, Guy C.; Verkhratsky, Alexei; Yamanaka, Koji; Koistinaho, Jari; Latz, Eicke; Halle, Annett; Petzold, Gabor C.; Town, Terrence; Morgan, Dave; Shinohara, Mari L.; Perry, V. Hugh; Holmes, Clive; Bazan, Nicolas G.; Brooks, David J.; Hunot, Stephane; Joseph, Bertrand; Deigendesch, Nikolaus; Garaschuk, Olga; Boddeke, Erik; Dinarello, Charles A.; Breitner, John C.; Cole, Greg M.; Golenbock, Douglas T.; Kummer, Markus P.

Increasing evidence suggests that Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis is not restricted to the neuronal compartment, but includes strong interactions with immunological mechanisms in the brain. Misfolded and aggregated proteins bind to pattern recognition receptors on microglia and astroglia, and

Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Heneka, M.T.; Carson, M.J.; Khoury, J. El; Landreth, G.E.; Brosseron, F.; Feinstein, D.L.; Jacobs, A.H.; Wyss-Coray, T.; Vitorica, J.; Ransohoff, R.M.; Herrup, K.; Frautschy, S.A.; Finsen, B.; Brown, G.C.; Verkhratsky, A.; Yamanaka, K.; Koistinaho, J.; Latz, E.; Halle, A.; Petzold, G.C.; Town, T.; Morgan, D.; Shinohara, M.L.; Perry, V.H.; Holmes, C.; Bazan, N.G.; Brooks, D.J.; Hunot, S.; Joseph, B.; Deigendesch, N.; Garaschuk, O.; Boddeke, E.; Dinarello, C.A.; Breitner, J.C.; Cole, G.M.; Golenbock, D.T.; Kummer, M.P.

2015-01-01

Increasing evidence suggests that Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis is not restricted to the neuronal compartment, but includes strong interactions with immunological mechanisms in the brain. Misfolded and aggregated proteins bind to pattern recognition receptors on microglia and astroglia, and

The clinical use of structural MRI in Alzheimer disease

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Frisoni, G.B.; Fox, N.C.; Jack, C.R.; Scheltens, P.; Thompson, P.M.

2010-01-01

Structural imaging based on magnetic resonance is an integral part of the clinical assessment of patients with suspected Alzheimer dementia. Prospective data on the natural history of change in structural markers from preclinical to overt stages of Alzheimer disease are radically changing how the

78 FR 46590 - Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation; Advisory Council on Alzheimer's...

Science.gov (United States)

2013-08-01

... Evaluation; Advisory Council on Alzheimer's Research, Care, and Services AGENCY: Office of the Assistant... Alzheimer's Research, Care, and Services. The six positions are for each of the following categories, as specified in the National Alzheimer's Project Act: Alzheimer's patient advocate, Alzheimer's caregiver...

Various MRS application tools for Alzheimer disease and mild cognitive impairment.

Science.gov (United States)

Gao, F; Barker, P B

2014-06-01

MR spectroscopy is a noninvasive technique that allows the detection of several naturally occurring compounds (metabolites) from well-defined regions of interest within the human brain. Alzheimer disease, a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly. During the past 20 years, multiple studies have been performed on MR spectroscopy in patients with both mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease. Generally, MR spectroscopy studies have found decreased N-acetylaspartate and increased myo-inositol in both patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease, with greater changes in Alzheimer disease than in mild cognitive impairment. This review summarizes the information content of proton brain MR spectroscopy and its related technical aspects, as well as applications of MR spectroscopy to mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease. While MR spectroscopy may have some value in the differential diagnosis of dementias and assessing prognosis, more likely its role in the near future will be predominantly as a tool for monitoring disease response or progression in treatment trials. More work is needed to evaluate the role of MR spectroscopy as a biomarker in Alzheimer disease and its relationship to other imaging modalities. © 2014 by American Journal of Neuroradiology.

Anti-amyloid treatments in Alzheimer's disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Sapra, Mamta; Kim, Kye Y

2009-06-01

Alzheimer's disease is one of the most challenging threats to the healthcare system in society. One of the main characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology is formation of amyloid plaques from accumulation of amyloid beta peptide. The therapeutic agents that are currently available for AD including acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AchEIs) and the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist are focused on improving the symptoms and do not revert the progression of the disease. This limitation coupled with the burgeoning increase in the prevalence of AD and resultant impact on healthcare economics calls for more substantial treatments for AD. According to the leading amyloid hypothesis, cleavage of amyloid precursor protein to release amyloid beta peptide is the critical event in pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Recently treatment strategies have been focused on modifying the formation, clearance and accumulation of neurotoxic amyloid beta peptide. This article reviews different therapeutic approaches that have been investigated to target amyloid beta ranging from secretase modulators, antiaggregation agents to amyloid immunotherapy. Authors review the different novel drugs which are in clinical trials.

Actividad hidráulica de un cemento belítico obtenido a partir de cenizas volantes tipo C: influencia del aditivo y tipo de curado

OpenAIRE

Goñi Elizalde, Sara; Guerrero Bustos, Ana María

2006-01-01

En este trabajo se discute la influencia del tipo de curado y de un aditivo reductor de la demanda de agua en la actividad hidráulica de un cemento belítico de cenizas volantes de alto contenido en cal denominado (CBCV-2-A). Este cemento ha sido sintetizado por una ruta húmeda hidrotermal con posterior calcinación, empleando ceniza volante de alto contenido en cal (ASTM tipo C) como materia prima. La actividad hidráulica se ha estudiado en la pasta de cemento, durante un periodo de 180 ...

Mitophagy and Alzheimer's Disease

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kerr, Jesse S.; Adriaanse, Bryan A.; Greig, Nigel H.

2017-01-01

Neurons affected in Alzheimer's disease (AD) experience mitochondrial dysfunction and a bioenergetic deficit that occurs early and promotes the disease-defining amyloid beta peptide (Aβ) and Tau pathologies. Emerging findings suggest that the autophagy/lysosome pathway that removes damaged...

Influencia del contacto precoz, nacionalidad, tipo de parto y prematuridad en la lactancia materna

OpenAIRE

Ana Belén Laviña Castan

2015-01-01

Conocer si en el HUMS existe asociación entre lactancia materna y nacionalidad, prematuridad, tipo de parto, contacto precoz piel con piel. Estudio de cohortes, en una muestra de 541 puérperas del HUMS en octubre-noviembre 2011. Las variables: nacionalidad, tipo de parto, contacto precoz, parto prematuro e inicio lactancia materna se recogieron antes del alta hospitalaria mediante cuestionario. A los dos meses postparto se contactó telefónicamente con las madres para conocer el tipo de lactan...

Neurobiology of apathy in Alzheimer's disease Neurobiologia da apatia na doença de Alzheimer

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Henrique Cerqueira Guimarães

2008-06-01

Full Text Available Apathy is considered the most frequent neuropsychiatric disturbance in dementia and its outcome is generally deleterious. Apathy can be related to a dysfunction of the anatomical-system that supports the generation of voluntary actions, namely the prefrontal cortex and/or the prefrontal-subcortical circuits. In Alzheimer's disease, pathological and neuroimaging data indicate that apathy is likely due to a dysfunction of the medial prefrontal cortex. Accordingly, in this review article, we propose a pathophysiological model to explain apathetic behavior in Alzheimer's disease, combining data from neuroimaging, neuropathology and experimental research on the role of orbito-frontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, basal ganglia and dopamine in decision-making neurobiology.Apatia é considerada a alteração neuropsiquiátrica mais freqüente nas demências e suas conseqüências são habitualmente deletérias. Apatia pode ser relacionada à disfunção do sistema anatômico responsável pela geração de ações voluntárias, conhecido com córtex pré-frontal e/ou circuitos pré-frontais-subcorticais. Na doença de Alzheimer, evidências neuropatológicas e de neuroimagem funcional indicam que a apatia é provavelmente decorrente da disfunção do córtex pré-frontal medial. Assim, neste artigo de revisão, apresentamos uma proposta de um modelo fisiopatológico para explicar o comportamento apático na doença de Alzheimer, combinando dados de neuropatologia, neuroimagem e experimentação animal sobre o papel do córtex órbito-frontal, cíngulo anterior, núcleos da base e dopamina na neurobiologia da tomada de decisão.

Risk factors for Alzheimer's disease : a genetic-epidemiologic study

NARCIS (Netherlands)

C.M. van Duijn (Cornelia)

1992-01-01

textabstractThe work presented in this thesis has been motivated by the Jack of knowledge of risk factors for Alzheimer's disease. It has been long recognised that genetic factors are implicated, in particular in early-onset Alzheimer's disease.4 But to what extent are genetic factors involved?

The Alzheimer's Disease Knowledge Scale: Development and Psychometric Properties

Science.gov (United States)

Carpenter, Brian D.; Balsis, Steve; Otilingam, Poorni G.; Hanson, Priya K.; Gatz, Margaret

2009-01-01

Purpose: This study provides preliminary evidence for the acceptability, reliability, and validity of the new Alzheimer's Disease Knowledge Scale (ADKS), a content and psychometric update to the Alzheimer's Disease Knowledge Test. Design and Methods: Traditional scale development methods were used to generate items and evaluate their psychometric…

Proxy-rated quality of life in Alzheimer's disease

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Vogel, Asmus; Bhattacharya, Suvosree; Waldorff, Frans Boch

2012-01-01

The study investigated the change in proxy rated quality of life (QoL) of a large cohort of home living patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) over a period of 36 months.......The study investigated the change in proxy rated quality of life (QoL) of a large cohort of home living patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) over a period of 36 months....

Pituitary gland levels of mercury, selenium, iron, and zinc in an Alzheimer`s disease study

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cornett, C.R.; Markesbery, W.R.; Wekstein, D.R.; Ehmann, W.D. [Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington, KY (United States)

1996-12-31

Mercury, iron, selenium, and zinc imbalances have been observed in comparisons between Alzheimer`s disease (AD) and control subject brains. Analyses of the pituitary gland have demonstrated that this organ retains relatively high concentrations of trace elements, including mercury, iron, and zinc. Our previous work has shown that the pituitary glands of AD and control subjects are typically higher in these trace elements than brain samples from the same subject. Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) was used to compare the pituitary trace element levels of AD and control subjects. This study also describes the intrasubject relationships of brain trace element levels to those in the pituitary gland of AD and control subjects.

Inflammation and Alzheimer's disease

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Akiyama, H.; Barger, S.; Barnum, S.; Bradt, B.; Bauer, J.; Cole, G. M.; Cooper, N. R.; Eikelenboom, P.; Emmerling, M.; Fiebich, B. L.; Finch, C. E.; Frautschy, S.; Griffin, W. S.; Hampel, H.; Hull, M.; Landreth, G.; Lue, L.; Mrak, R.; Mackenzie, I. R.; McGeer, P. L.; O'Banion, M. K.; Pachter, J.; Pasinetti, G.; Plata-Salaman, C.; Rogers, J.; Rydel, R.; Shen, Y.; Streit, W.; Strohmeyer, R.; Tooyoma, I.; van Muiswinkel, F. L.; Veerhuis, R.; Walker, D.; Webster, S.; Wegrzyniak, B.; Wenk, G.; Wyss-Coray, T.

2000-01-01

Inflammation clearly occurs in pathologically vulnerable regions of the Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain, and it does so with the full complexity of local peripheral inflammatory responses. In the periphery, degenerating tissue and the deposition of highly insoluble abnormal materials are classical

Immunterapi mod Alzheimers sygdom

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Falkentoft, Alexander Christian; Hasselbalch, Steen Gregers

2016-01-01

Passive anti-beta-amyloid (Aß) immunotherapy has been shown to clear brain Aß deposits. Results from phase III clinical trials in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients with two monoclonal antibodies bapineuzumab and solanezumab and intravenous immunoglobulin have been disappointing...

Estudio del fenotipo de haptoglobinas en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 1, en Lima, Perú

OpenAIRE

Arias, Clever; Inga, Miriam; Oré, Raquel; Zapata, Luis; Aquije, Carmen

2013-01-01

Objetivos: Determinar el fenotipo de haptoglobina -1/1, 1/2 y 2/2- predominante en una muestra de 36 pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo I (DM tipo I). Diseño: Observacional con sistema de medición, descriptivo. Institución: Centro de Investigación de Bioquímica y Nutrición, Facultad de Medicina, UNMSM. Participantes: Pacientes con diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus tipo I Intervenciones: En 36 pacientes con diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus tipo I, se realizó medidas antropométricas, evaluacio...

Accumulation of murine amyloid-β mimics early Alzheimer's disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Krohn, Markus; Bracke, Alexander; Avchalumov, Yosef; Schumacher, Toni; Hofrichter, Jacqueline; Paarmann, Kristin; Fröhlich, Christina; Lange, Cathleen; Brüning, Thomas; von Bohlen Und Halbach, Oliver; Pahnke, Jens

2015-08-01

Amyloidosis mouse models of Alzheimer's disease are generally established by transgenic approaches leading to an overexpression of mutated human genes that are known to be involved in the generation of amyloid-β in Alzheimer's families. Although these models made substantial contributions to the current knowledge about the 'amyloid hypothesis' of Alzheimer's disease, the overproduction of amyloid-β peptides mimics only inherited (familiar) Alzheimer's disease, which accounts for patients with Alzheimer's disease. The inherited form is even regarded a 'rare' disease according to the regulations for funding of the European Union (www.erare.eu). Here, we show that mice that are double-deficient for neprilysin (encoded by Mme), one major amyloid-β-degrading enzyme, and the ABC transporter ABCC1, a major contributor to amyloid-β clearance from the brain, develop various aspects of sporadic Alzheimer's disease mimicking the clinical stage of mild cognitive impairment. Using behavioural tests, electrophysiology and morphological analyses, we compared different ABC transporter-deficient animals and found that alterations are most prominent in neprilysin × ABCC1 double-deficient mice. We show that these mice have a reduced probability to survive, show increased anxiety in new environments, and have a reduced working memory performance. Furthermore, we detected morphological changes in the hippocampus and amygdala, e.g. astrogliosis and reduced numbers of synapses, leading to defective long-term potentiation in functional measurements. Compared to human, murine amyloid-β is poorly aggregating, due to changes in three amino acids at N-terminal positions 5, 10, and 13. Interestingly, our findings account for the action of early occurring amyloid-β species/aggregates, i.e. monomers and small amyloid-β oligomers. Thus, neprilysin × ABCC1 double-deficient mice present a new model for early effects of amyloid-β-related mild cognitive impairment that allows investigations

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

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Full Text Available ... mail addresses with third parties. Please read our security and privacy policy . Plan ahead ... | Contact Us National Headquarters Alzheimer's Association National Office, 225 N. Michigan ...

How Alzheimer's Changes the Brain

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How Alzheimer's Changes the Brain

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Tipos do Herbário Prisco Bezerra - EAC

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Stela Bezerra da Silva

1990-01-01

Full Text Available Com o presente trabalho pretende-se contribuir para a divulgação dos tipos do Herbário Prisco Bezerra - EAC. Um levantamento realizado no acervo do Herbário revelou o registro de dez tipos. Sete deles pertencentes à família Leguminosae distribuídas entre as subfamilias Caesalpinioideae: Peltogyne crenulata, Sentia dardanoi, Moldenhawera acuminata, Chamaecrista duckeana, Papilionoideae: Aeschynomene monteiroi, Cranocarpus gracilis e Mimosoideae: Mimosa niomarlei; dois, pertencentes à família Erythroxylaceae. As espécies Erythroxylum tianguanum e Erythroxylum bezerrae e um à família Euphorbiaceae: Dalechampia fernandesii recentemente descrita por G. Webster. Os tipos são apresentados na seqüência das indicações: nome das famílias, seguido do epíteto específico, habitat, com a transferência de todas as informações mencionadas na ficha de exsicata do material, bem como, a fotografia correspondente. Citam-se também alguns aspectos característicos das espécies, para melhor visualização dos detalhes fotográficos.The present paper repasts the type specimens in the Herbário Prisco Bezerra (University of Ceará. The Herbário has ten type, of which seven are Leguminosae: Peltoqyne crenulata, Senna dardanoi, Moldenhawera acuminata Chamaecrista duckeana, Aeschynomene monteiroi, Cranocarpus gracilis, Mimosa niomarlei, two the Erythroxylaceae: Erythroxylum tianquanum and Erythroxylum bezerrae and one Euphorbiaceae: Dalechampia fernandesii. Additional informations for these exsicata is presented.

CRESCIMENTO INICIAL DE GENÓTIPOS DE PINHÃO MANSO REPRODUZIDOS ASSEXUADAMENTE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Amanda Macedo Facirolli

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabela normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o crescimento inicial de genótipos de pinhão manso reproduzidos via propagação assexuada. O experimento constitui-se de dezoito tratamentos (dezoito genótipos de pinhão manso dispostos em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Avaliou-se altura de planta, diâmetro de colmo, índice de pegamento, número de hastes, número de cachos, e índice de clorofila por planta. Houve significância da interação entre os genótipos, ao nível de 1% de probabilidade para todas as características avaliadas. Os genótipo 1, 4, e 17 mostraram-se superiores sobre os demais pois apresentaram maiores número de hastes e de cachos por planta, maior diâmetro do colmo, índice de pegamento e maior índice de clorofila, podendo ser apontados como genótipos promissores para futuros programas de melhoramento genéticos.

Self- Efficacy and Caregiver Strain in Alzheimer\\'s Caregivers

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Farahnaz Mohamadi Shahbalaghi

2006-10-01

Full Text Available This study with a co relational design has conducted to determine relationship between caregiving strain and self-efficacy in family caregiver of patient with Alzheimer. Accessible sample of the study consisted of 81 family caregivers that all of them were member of Iranian Alzheimer Association. Data was gathered by demographic, self-efficacy and care giving strain questioners. Findings showed the most of the subjects were female (%60, spouse of care giving recipient (56%, married (64%, reside in same household (55%, 49% under high school education, 45% of them haven't taken formal courses about the care of the patients, 53% of them were satisfied about providing of care, 36% reported bad health status. The most important caring needs consisted education for better care providing. the Mean of self-efficacy was 66/96 (29-106 and strain 39/43 (17-65. There were not any relations between strain and self-efficacy with demographic variables. There was positive significant Pearson correlation (r=0/539, p=O/ 01 between self-efficacy and strain. Findings indicated that self-efficacy and care giving strain are subjective and individualized concepts. Care giving to elderly patients is a stressful event but moderate co-relationship shows that caregivers apprise the stress of care giving as a constructive and controllable manner.

Reduction of Alzheimer's disease beta-amyloid pathology in the absence of gut microbiota

OpenAIRE

Harach, T.; Marungruang, N.; Dutilleul, N.; Cheatham, V.; Coy, K. D. Mc; Neher, J. J.; Jucker, M.; Fåk, F.; T.; Lasser; Bolmont, T.

2015-01-01

Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia in the western world, however there is no cure available for this devastating neurodegenerative disorder. Despite clinical and experimental evidence implicating the intestinal microbiota in a number of brain disorders, its impact on Alzheimer's disease is not known. We generated a germ-free mouse model of Alzheimer's disease and discovered a drastic reduction of cerebral Ab amyloid pathology when compared to control Alzheimer's disease a...

Building a roadmap for developing combination therapies for Alzheimer's disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Perry, Daniel; Sperling, Reisa; Katz, Russell; Berry, Donald; Dilts, David; Hanna, Debra; Salloway, Stephen; Trojanowski, John Q; Bountra, Chas; Krams, Michael; Luthman, Johan; Potkin, Steven; Gribkoff, Val; Temple, Robert; Wang, Yaning; Carrillo, Maria C; Stephenson, Diane; Snyder, Heather; Liu, Enchi; Ware, Tony; McKew, John; Fields, F Owen; Bain, Lisa J; Bens, Cynthia

2015-03-01

Combination therapy has proven to be an effective strategy for treating many of the world's most intractable diseases. A growing number of investigators in academia, industry, regulatory agencies, foundations and advocacy organizations are interested in pursuing a combination approach to treating Alzheimer's disease. A meeting co-hosted by the Accelerate Cure/Treatments for Alzheimer's Disease Coalition, the Critical Path Institute and the Alzheimer's Association addressed challenges in designing clinical trials to test multiple treatments in combination and outlined a roadmap for making such trials a reality.

Gene-wide analysis detects two new susceptibility genes for Alzheimer's disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Escott-Price, Valentina; Bellenguez, Céline; Wang, Li-San; Choi, Seung-Hoan; Harold, Denise; Jones, Lesley; Holmans, Peter; Gerrish, Amy; Vedernikov, Alexey; Richards, Alexander; DeStefano, Anita L; Lambert, Jean-Charles; Ibrahim-Verbaas, Carla A; Naj, Adam C; Sims, Rebecca; Jun, Gyungah; Bis, Joshua C; Beecham, Gary W; Grenier-Boley, Benjamin; Russo, Giancarlo; Thornton-Wells, Tricia A; Denning, Nicola; Smith, Albert V; Chouraki, Vincent; Thomas, Charlene; Ikram, M Arfan; Zelenika, Diana; Vardarajan, Badri N; Kamatani, Yoichiro; Lin, Chiao-Feng; Schmidt, Helena; Kunkle, Brian; Dunstan, Melanie L; Vronskaya, Maria; Johnson, Andrew D; Ruiz, Agustin; Bihoreau, Marie-Thérèse; Reitz, Christiane; Pasquier, Florence; Hollingworth, Paul; Hanon, Olivier; Fitzpatrick, Annette L; Buxbaum, Joseph D; Campion, Dominique; Crane, Paul K; Baldwin, Clinton; Becker, Tim; Gudnason, Vilmundur; Cruchaga, Carlos; Craig, David; Amin, Najaf; Berr, Claudine; Lopez, Oscar L; De Jager, Philip L; Deramecourt, Vincent; Johnston, Janet A; Evans, Denis; Lovestone, Simon; Letenneur, Luc; Hernández, Isabel; Rubinsztein, David C; Eiriksdottir, Gudny; Sleegers, Kristel; Goate, Alison M; Fiévet, Nathalie; Huentelman, Matthew J; Gill, Michael; Brown, Kristelle; Kamboh, M Ilyas; Keller, Lina; Barberger-Gateau, Pascale; McGuinness, Bernadette; Larson, Eric B; Myers, Amanda J; Dufouil, Carole; Todd, Stephen; Wallon, David; Love, Seth; Rogaeva, Ekaterina; Gallacher, John; George-Hyslop, Peter St; Clarimon, Jordi; Lleo, Alberto; Bayer, Anthony; Tsuang, Debby W; Yu, Lei; Tsolaki, Magda; Bossù, Paola; Spalletta, Gianfranco; Proitsi, Petra; Collinge, John; Sorbi, Sandro; Garcia, Florentino Sanchez; Fox, Nick C; Hardy, John; Naranjo, Maria Candida Deniz; Bosco, Paolo; Clarke, Robert; Brayne, Carol; Galimberti, Daniela; Scarpini, Elio; Bonuccelli, Ubaldo; Mancuso, Michelangelo; Siciliano, Gabriele; Moebus, Susanne; Mecocci, Patrizia; Zompo, Maria Del; Maier, Wolfgang; Hampel, Harald; Pilotto, Alberto; Frank-García, Ana; Panza, Francesco; Solfrizzi, Vincenzo; Caffarra, Paolo; Nacmias, Benedetta; Perry, William; Mayhaus, Manuel; Lannfelt, Lars; Hakonarson, Hakon; Pichler, Sabrina; Carrasquillo, Minerva M; Ingelsson, Martin; Beekly, Duane; Alvarez, Victoria; Zou, Fanggeng; Valladares, Otto; Younkin, Steven G; Coto, Eliecer; Hamilton-Nelson, Kara L; Gu, Wei; Razquin, Cristina; Pastor, Pau; Mateo, Ignacio; Owen, Michael J; Faber, Kelley M; Jonsson, Palmi V; Combarros, Onofre; O'Donovan, Michael C; Cantwell, Laura B; Soininen, Hilkka; Blacker, Deborah; Mead, Simon; Mosley, Thomas H; Bennett, David A; Harris, Tamara B; Fratiglioni, Laura; Holmes, Clive; de Bruijn, Renee F A G; Passmore, Peter; Montine, Thomas J; Bettens, Karolien; Rotter, Jerome I; Brice, Alexis; Morgan, Kevin; Foroud, Tatiana M; Kukull, Walter A; Hannequin, Didier; Powell, John F; Nalls, Michael A; Ritchie, Karen; Lunetta, Kathryn L; Kauwe, John S K; Boerwinkle, Eric; Riemenschneider, Matthias; Boada, Mercè; Hiltunen, Mikko; Martin, Eden R; Schmidt, Reinhold; Rujescu, Dan; Dartigues, Jean-François; Mayeux, Richard; Tzourio, Christophe; Hofman, Albert; Nöthen, Markus M; Graff, Caroline; Psaty, Bruce M; Haines, Jonathan L; Lathrop, Mark; Pericak-Vance, Margaret A; Launer, Lenore J; Van Broeckhoven, Christine; Farrer, Lindsay A; van Duijn, Cornelia M; Ramirez, Alfredo; Seshadri, Sudha; Schellenberg, Gerard D; Amouyel, Philippe; Williams, Julie

2014-01-01

Alzheimer's disease is a common debilitating dementia with known heritability, for which 20 late onset susceptibility loci have been identified, but more remain to be discovered. This study sought to identify new susceptibility genes, using an alternative gene-wide analytical approach which tests for patterns of association within genes, in the powerful genome-wide association dataset of the International Genomics of Alzheimer's Project Consortium, comprising over 7 m genotypes from 25,580 Alzheimer's cases and 48,466 controls. In addition to earlier reported genes, we detected genome-wide significant loci on chromosomes 8 (TP53INP1, p = 1.4×10-6) and 14 (IGHV1-67 p = 7.9×10-8) which indexed novel susceptibility loci. The additional genes identified in this study, have an array of functions previously implicated in Alzheimer's disease, including aspects of energy metabolism, protein degradation and the immune system and add further weight to these pathways as potential therapeutic targets in Alzheimer's disease.

Gene-wide analysis detects two new susceptibility genes for Alzheimer's disease.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Valentina Escott-Price

Full Text Available Alzheimer's disease is a common debilitating dementia with known heritability, for which 20 late onset susceptibility loci have been identified, but more remain to be discovered. This study sought to identify new susceptibility genes, using an alternative gene-wide analytical approach which tests for patterns of association within genes, in the powerful genome-wide association dataset of the International Genomics of Alzheimer's Project Consortium, comprising over 7 m genotypes from 25,580 Alzheimer's cases and 48,466 controls.In addition to earlier reported genes, we detected genome-wide significant loci on chromosomes 8 (TP53INP1, p = 1.4×10-6 and 14 (IGHV1-67 p = 7.9×10-8 which indexed novel susceptibility loci.The additional genes identified in this study, have an array of functions previously implicated in Alzheimer's disease, including aspects of energy metabolism, protein degradation and the immune system and add further weight to these pathways as potential therapeutic targets in Alzheimer's disease.

Protótipo do primeiro interferômetro brasileiro - BDA

Science.gov (United States)

Cecatto, J. R.; Fernandes, F. C. R.; Neri, J. A. C. F.; Bethi, N.; Felipini, N. S.; Madsen, F. R. H.; Andrade, M. C.; Soares, A. C.; Alonso, E. M. B., Sawant, H. S.

2004-04-01

A interferometria é uma poderosa ferramenta usada para investigar estruturas espaciais de fontes astrofísicas fornecendo uma riqueza de detalhes inatingível pelas técnicas convencionais de imageamento. Em particular, a interferometria com ondas de rádio abre o horizonte de conhecimento do Universo nesta ampla banda do espectro eletromagnético, que vai de cerca de 20 kHz até centenas de GHz já próximo ao infravermelho, e que está acessível a partir de instrumentos instalados em solo. Neste trabalho, apresentamos o interferômetro designado por Arranjo Decimétrico Brasileiro (BDA). Trata-se do primeiro interferômetro a ser desenvolvido no Brasil e América Latina que já está em operação na fase de protótipo. Apresentamos o desenvolvimento realizado até o momento, o sítio de instalação do instrumento, o protótipo e os principais resultados dos testes de sua operação, as perspectivas futuras e a ciência a ser desenvolvida com o instrumento nas fases II e III. Neste trabalho é dada ênfase ao desenvolvimento, testes de operação e principais resultados do protótipo. É discutida brevemente a ciência que pode ser feita com o instrumento. Tanto os detalhes técnicos quanto os principais parâmetros estimados para o instrumento nas próximas fases de desenvolvimento e o desempenho do protótipo serão publicados em breve.

Tratamento farmacológico da doença de Alzheimer Pharmacological treatment of Alzheimer's disease

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Orestes V. Forlenza

2005-06-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo de revisão aborda as perspectivas atuais e futuras no tratamento farmacológico da doença de Alzheimer. Os benefícios e limitações da terapia de reposição colinérgica, representada fundamentalmente pelos inibidores das colinesterases, são apresentados com base em dados de pesquisas neurobiológicas, farmacológicas e clínicas, ilustrados pelos principais estudos controlados por placebo e por estudos recentes de metanálise. O papel da memantina nos casos de demência moderada a grave, bem como as perspectivas de seu emprego em associação com os inibidores das colinesterases, são discutidos adicionalmente com base em achados clínicos e neurobiológicos. Discute-se o papel da reposição estrogênica, dos antioxidantes, das estatinas e dos antiinflamatórios no tratamento e na prevenção da demência, levando em consideração os resultados negativos oriundos de estudos clínico-epidemiológicos recentes. Finalmente, são apresentadas algumas perspectivas futuras do tratamento da doença de Alzheimer: entre as estratégias farmacológicas, que têm como objetivo modificar mecanismos patogênicos, são abordadas as diferentes modalidades da terapêutica antiamilóide, com destaque na imunoterapia da doença de Alzheimer.The current article provides a comprehensive overview of the current strategies and the future directions of the pharmacological treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The benefits and shortcomings of cholinergic replacement therapy is discussed in the light of its neurobiological, pharmacological and clinical data, illustrated by the most relevant randomised controlled trials and recent meta-analytical studies. The role of memantine in moderate to severe dementia, and the perspectives of combination therapy are further discussed both at clinical and neuro-pharmacological levels. In addition, the role of oestrogen replacement, antioxidants, statins, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, in the

Resgate vegetativo por alporquia de genótipos adultos de urucum (Bixa orellana L.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nilton César Mantovani

2010-09-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho teve por objetivos avaliar a técnica de alporquia visando ao resgate vegetativo de genótipos de urucum (Bixa orellana L. e a obtenção de plantas fornecedoras de propágulos para processos de propagação clonal. Foram utilizadas dez plantas matrizes de urucum, com 12 anos de idade, obtidas partindo do cruzamento artificial entre os genótipos "Fruto Verde Piloso" X "Fruto Vermelho Liso". Os alporques foram realizados em ramos de 1 a 2 cm de diâmetro, utilizando-se como substrato uma mistura de vermiculita e musgo. Foi avaliado o efeito (1 do tipo de anelamento da casca dos ramos (total ou parcial, com 1 cm de comprimento, (2 do AIB (ácido indol-3-butírico a 0 e 4,92 mM aplicado em papel filtro e (3 do tipo de proteção dos alporques (filmes plásticos transparente ou preto ou tecido tencel, no enraizamento de alporque dos dez genótipos. A técnica de alporquia proporcionou o enraizamento de ramos dos dez genótipos avaliados, com eficiência variável de 20 a 100%, havendo efeito do genótipo sobre a frequência de enraizamento. A sobrevivência desses alporques foi de 100% após o plantio quando estes foram produzidos com anelamento total, tratados com AIB e protegidos com plástico transparente. Em casa de vegetação os alporques desenvolveram ramos partindo da brotação de gemas caulinares constituindo estoques de explantes apropriados para serem utilizados como estacas ou como fontes de segmentos nodais para a propagação in vitro desta espécie.

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

Medline Plus

Full Text Available ... Argentina ADNI Amyloid Imaging Task Force Alzheimer’s Association Business Consortia (AABC) Biomarker Consortium GBSC Working Groups Global Alzheimer’s Association Interactive Network International Alzheimer's Disease Research ...

Complement C4 phenotypes in dementia of the Alzheimer type

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Eikelenboom, P.; Goetz, J.; Pronk, J. C.; Hauptmann, G.

1988-01-01

Complement C4 phenotype distribution was studied in 64 patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type. In contrast to reported findings we failed to find a significant association between C4B2 gene frequency and Alzheimer's dementia

Prevention of Alzheimer disease: The roles of nutrition and primary care.

Science.gov (United States)

Bane, Tabitha J; Cole, Connie

2015-05-15

Risk factors for developing Alzheimer disease include hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, obesity, and diabetes. Due to lack of effective treatments for Alzheimer disease, nutrition and primary prevention becomes important.

Language impairment in Alzheimer's disease and benefits of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ferris SH

2013-08-01

Full Text Available Steven H Ferris,1 Martin Farlow21Alzheimer's Disease Center, Comprehensive Center on Brain Aging, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, 2Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USAAbstract: Alzheimer's disease is characterized by progressively worsening deficits in several cognitive domains, including language. Language impairment in Alzheimer's disease primarily occurs because of decline in semantic and pragmatic levels of language processing. Given the centrality of language to cognitive function, a number of language-specific scales have been developed to assess language deficits throughout progression of the disease and to evaluate the effects of pharmacotherapy on language function. Trials of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, used for the treatment of clinical symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, have generally focused on overall cognitive effects. However, in the current report, we review data indicating specific beneficial effects of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors on language abilities in patients with Alzheimer’s disease, with a particular focus on outcomes among patients in the moderate and severe disease stages, during which communication is at risk and preservation is particularly important.Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, donepezil, cognition, language, communication, clinical trials

Effects of medicinal plants on Alzheimer's disease and memory deficits

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Muhammad Akram

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Alzheimer's disease is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory deficits. Various studies have been carried out to find therapeutic approaches for Alzheimer's disease. However, the proper treatment option is still not available. There is no cure for Alzheimer's disease, but symptomatic treatment may improve the memory and other dementia related problems. Traditional medicine is practiced worldwide as memory enhancer since ancient times. Natural therapy including herbs and medicinal plants has been used in the treatment of memory deficits such as dementia, amnesia, as well as Alzheimer's disease since a long time. Medicinal plants have been used in different systems of medicine, particularly Unani system of medicines and exhibited their powerful roles in the management and cure of memory disorders. Most of herbs and plants have been chemically evaluated and their efficacy has also been proven in clinical trials. However, the underlying mechanisms of actions are still on the way. In this paper, we have reviewed the role of different medicinal plants that play an important role in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and memory deficits using conventional herbal therapy.

[Musical long-term memory throughout the progression of Alzheimer disease].

Science.gov (United States)

Groussard, Mathilde; Mauger, Caroline; Platel, Hervé

2013-03-01

In Alzheimer patients with a solid musical background, isolated case-reports have reported the maintenance of remarkable musical abilities despite clear difficulties in their verbal memory and linguistic functions. These reports have encouraged a number of scientists to undertake more systematic studies which would allow a rigorous approach to the analysis of musical memory in Alzheimer patients with no formal musical background. Although restricted in number, the latest data are controversial regarding preserved musical capacities in Alzheimer patients. Our current review of the literature addresses this topic and advances the hypothesis that the processes of musical memory are function of illness progression. In the earlier stages, the majority of evaluations concerned musical episodic memory and suggested a dysfunction of this memory whereas in the moderate and severe stages, musical semantic memory and implicit learning are the majority of investigations and seemed more resistant to Alzheimer disease. In summary, our current review bring to understand the memory circuits involved and highlight the necessity to adapted the investigational tools employed to conform with the severity of the signs and symptoms of progressive Alzheimer disease in order to demonstrate the preserved musical capacities.

Memantine Attenuates Alzheimer's Disease-Like Pathology and Cognitive Impairment.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Xiaochuan Wang

Full Text Available Deficiency of protein phosphatase-2A is a key event in Alzheimer's disease. An endogenous inhibitor of protein phosphatase-2A, inhibitor-1, I1PP2A, which inhibits the phosphatase activity by interacting with its catalytic subunit protein phosphatase-2Ac, is known to be upregulated in Alzheimer's disease brain. In the present study, we overexpressed I1PP2A by intracerebroventricular injection with adeno-associated virus vector-1-I1PP2A in Wistar rats. The I1PP2A rats showed a decrease in brain protein phosphatase-2A activity, abnormal hyperphosphorylation of tau, neurodegeneration, an increase in the level of activated glycogen synthase kinase-3beta, enhanced expression of intraneuronal amyloid-beta and spatial reference memory deficit; littermates treated identically but with vector only, i.e., adeno-associated virus vector-1-enhanced GFP, served as a control. Treatment with memantine, a noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist which is an approved drug for treatment of Alzheimer's disease, rescued protein phosphatase-2A activity by decreasing its demethylation at Leu309 selectively and attenuated Alzheimer's disease-like pathology and cognitive impairment in adeno-associated virus vector-1-I1PP2A rats. These findings provide new clues into the possible mechanism of the beneficial therapeutic effect of memantine in Alzheimer's disease patients.

Level of understanding of Alzheimer disease among caregivers and the general population.

Science.gov (United States)

Jorge, C; Cetó, M; Arias, A; Blasco, E; Gil, M P; López, R; Dakterzada, F; Purroy, F; Piñol-Ripoll, G

2018-05-11

Understanding of Alzheimer disease is fundamental for early diagnosis and to reduce caregiver burden. The objective of this study is to evaluate the degree of understanding of Alzheimer disease among informal caregivers and different segments of the general population through the Alzheimer's Disease Knowledge Scale. We assessed the knowledge of caregivers in different follow-up periods (less than one year, between 1 and 5 years, and over 5 years since diagnosis) and individuals from the general population. Alzheimer's Disease Knowledge Scale scores were grouped into different items: life impact, risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, disease progression, and caregiving. A total of 419 people (215 caregivers and 204 individuals from the general population) were included in the study. No significant differences were found between groups for overall Alzheimer's Disease Knowledge Scale score (19.1 vs. 18.8, P = .9). There is a scarce knowledge of disease risk factors (49.3%) or the care needed (51.2%), while symptoms (78.6%) and course of the disease (77.2%) were the best understood aspects. Older caregiver age was correlated with worse Alzheimer's Disease Knowledge Scale scores overall and for life impact, symptoms, treatment, and disease progression (P < .05). Time since diagnosis improved caregivers' knowledge of Alzheimer disease symptoms (P = .00) and diagnosis (P = .05). Assessing the degree of understanding of Alzheimer disease is essential to the development of health education strategies both in the general population and among caregivers. Copyright © 2018 Sociedad Española de Neurología. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

Crowdsourced estimation of cognitive decline and resilience in Alzheimer's disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Allen, Genevera I; Amoroso, Nicola; Anghel, Catalina; Balagurusamy, Venkat; Bare, Christopher J; Beaton, Derek; Bellotti, Roberto; Bennett, David A; Boehme, Kevin L; Boutros, Paul C; Caberlotto, Laura; Caloian, Cristian; Campbell, Frederick; Chaibub Neto, Elias; Chang, Yu-Chuan; Chen, Beibei; Chen, Chien-Yu; Chien, Ting-Ying; Clark, Tim; Das, Sudeshna; Davatzikos, Christos; Deng, Jieyao; Dillenberger, Donna; Dobson, Richard J B; Dong, Qilin; Doshi, Jimit; Duma, Denise; Errico, Rosangela; Erus, Guray; Everett, Evan; Fardo, David W; Friend, Stephen H; Fröhlich, Holger; Gan, Jessica; St George-Hyslop, Peter; Ghosh, Satrajit S; Glaab, Enrico; Green, Robert C; Guan, Yuanfang; Hong, Ming-Yi; Huang, Chao; Hwang, Jinseub; Ibrahim, Joseph; Inglese, Paolo; Iyappan, Anandhi; Jiang, Qijia; Katsumata, Yuriko; Kauwe, John S K; Klein, Arno; Kong, Dehan; Krause, Roland; Lalonde, Emilie; Lauria, Mario; Lee, Eunjee; Lin, Xihui; Liu, Zhandong; Livingstone, Julie; Logsdon, Benjamin A; Lovestone, Simon; Ma, Tsung-Wei; Malhotra, Ashutosh; Mangravite, Lara M; Maxwell, Taylor J; Merrill, Emily; Nagorski, John; Namasivayam, Aishwarya; Narayan, Manjari; Naz, Mufassra; Newhouse, Stephen J; Norman, Thea C; Nurtdinov, Ramil N; Oyang, Yen-Jen; Pawitan, Yudi; Peng, Shengwen; Peters, Mette A; Piccolo, Stephen R; Praveen, Paurush; Priami, Corrado; Sabelnykova, Veronica Y; Senger, Philipp; Shen, Xia; Simmons, Andrew; Sotiras, Aristeidis; Stolovitzky, Gustavo; Tangaro, Sabina; Tateo, Andrea; Tung, Yi-An; Tustison, Nicholas J; Varol, Erdem; Vradenburg, George; Weiner, Michael W; Xiao, Guanghua; Xie, Lei; Xie, Yang; Xu, Jia; Yang, Hojin; Zhan, Xiaowei; Zhou, Yunyun; Zhu, Fan; Zhu, Hongtu; Zhu, Shanfeng

2016-06-01

Identifying accurate biomarkers of cognitive decline is essential for advancing early diagnosis and prevention therapies in Alzheimer's disease. The Alzheimer's disease DREAM Challenge was designed as a computational crowdsourced project to benchmark the current state-of-the-art in predicting cognitive outcomes in Alzheimer's disease based on high dimensional, publicly available genetic and structural imaging data. This meta-analysis failed to identify a meaningful predictor developed from either data modality, suggesting that alternate approaches should be considered for prediction of cognitive performance. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Aluminum as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease Aluminio como factor de riesgo para la enfermedad de Alzheimer Alumínio como fator de risco para a doença de Alzheimer

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Pricilla Costa Ferreira

2008-02-01

Full Text Available The purpose of the study was to condense existing scientific evidence about the relation between aluminum (Al exposure and risk for the development of Alzheimer's Disease (AD, evaluating its long-term effects on the population's health. A systematic literature review was carried out in two databases, MEDLINE and LILACS, between 1990 and 2005, using the uniterms: "Aluminum exposure and Alzheimer Disease" and "Aluminum and risk for Alzheimer Disease". After application of the Relevance Test, 34 studies were selected, among which 68% established a relation between Al and AD, 23.5% were inconclusive and 8.5% did not establish a relation between Al and AD. Results showed that Al is associated to several neurophysiologic processes that are responsible for the characteristic degeneration of AD. In spite of existing polemics all over the world about the role of Al as a risk factor for AD, in recent years, scientific evidence has demonstrated that Al is associated with the development of AD.El objetivo del estudio fue condensar la evidencia científica existente entre la exposición al aluminio (Al y el riesgo para el desarrollo de la Enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA, evaluando los efectos para la salud de la población a largo plazo. Una revisión sistemática de la literatura científica existente entre 1990 y 2005, fue realizada en dos bases de datos, MEDLINE y LILACS, utilizando los unitermos: "Aluminium exposure and Alzheimer Disease" y "Aluminium and risk for Alzheimer Disease". Fueron seleccionados 34 trabajos para la investigación, de los cuales 68% establecieron relação entre el Al y la EA, 23,5% no presentaron datos conclusivos y 8,5% no establecieron ninguna relación entre el Al y la EA. A partir de los resultados obtenidos, se verifica que el Al interviene en diversos procesos neurofisiológicos responsables por la degeneración característica de la EA. A pesar de la polémica existente en el médio científico, la evidencia cient

Accelerating stem cell trials for Alzheimer's disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Hunsberger, Joshua G; Rao, Mahendra; Kurtzberg, Joanne; Bulte, Jeff W M; Atala, Anthony; LaFerla, Frank M; Greely, Henry T; Sawa, Akira; Gandy, Sam; Schneider, Lon S; Doraiswamy, P Murali

2016-02-01

At present, no effective cure or prophylaxis exists for Alzheimer's disease. Symptomatic treatments are modestly effective and offer only temporary benefit. Advances in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology have the potential to enable development of so-called disease-in-a-dish personalised models to study disease mechanisms and reveal new therapeutic approaches, and large panels of iPSCs enable rapid screening of potential drug candidates. Different cell types can also be produced for therapeutic use. In 2015, the US Food and Drug Administration granted investigational new drug approval for the first phase 2A clinical trial of ischaemia-tolerant mesenchymal stem cells to treat Alzheimer's disease in the USA. Similar trials are either underway or being planned in Europe and Asia. Although safety and ethical concerns remain, we call for the acceleration of human stem cell-based translational research into the causes and potential treatments of Alzheimer's disease. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Current treatments for patients with Alzheimer disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Osborn, Gerald G; Saunders, Amanda Vaughn

2010-09-01

There is neither proven effective prevention for Alzheimer disease nor a cure for patients with this disorder. Nevertheless, a spectrum of biopsychosocial therapeutic measures is available for slowing progression of the illness and enhancing quality of life for patients. These measures include a range of educational, psychological, social, and behavioral interventions that remain fundamental to effective care. Also available are a number of pharmacologic treatments, including prescription medications approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for Alzheimer disease, "off-label" uses of medications to manage target symptoms, and controversial complementary therapies. Physicians must make the earliest possible diagnosis to use these treatments most effectively. Physicians' goals should be to educate patients and their caregivers, to plan long-term care options, to maximally manage concurrent illnesses, to slow and ameliorate the most disabling symptoms, and to preserve effective functioning for as long as possible. The authors review the various current treatments for patients with Alzheimer disease.

From here to epilepsy: the risk of seizure in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Nicastro, Nicolas; Assal, Frédéric; Seeck, Margitta

2016-03-01

To describe the association between Alzheimer's disease and seizures by reviewing epidemiological data from available literature and to assess the putative pathophysiological links between neurodegeneration and altered cortical excitability. We also discuss specific antiepileptic treatment strategies in patients with Alzheimer's disease, as well as transient epileptic amnesia as a possible crossroads between degeneration and epilepsy. Regarding epidemiology, we searched publications in Pubmed, Medline, Scopus and Web of Science (until September 2015) using the keywords "incidence", "prevalence" and "frequency", as well as "Alzheimer's disease" and "seizures". In addition, therapeutic aspects for seizures in Alzheimer's disease were searched using the key words "antiepileptic drugs", "seizure treatment" and "Alzheimer". The prevalence and incidence rates of seizures were found to be increased 2 to 6-fold in patients with Alzheimer's disease compared to age-adjusted control patients. Treatment strategies have mainly been extrapolated from elderly patients without dementia, except for one single randomised trial, in which levetiracetam, lamotrigine and phenobarbital efficacy and tolerance were investigated in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Mouse models appear to show a major role of amyloid precursor protein and its cleavage products in the generation of cortical hyperexcitability. A link between Alzheimer's disease and epilepsy has long been described and recent cohort studies have more clearly delineated risk factors associated with the genesis of seizures, such as early onset and possibly severity of dementia. As genetic forms of Alzheimer's disease and experimental mouse models suggest, beta-amyloid may play a prominent role in the propagation of synchronised abnormal discharges, perhaps more via an excitatory mode than a direct neurodegenerative effect.

Actividad hidráulica de un cemento belítico obtenido a partir de cenizas volantes tipo C: influencia del aditivo y tipo de curado

OpenAIRE

Goñi, S.; Guerrero, A.

2006-01-01

En este trabajo se discute la influencia del tipo de curado y de un aditivo reductor de la demanda de agua en la actividad hidráulica de un cemento belítico de cenizas volantes de alto contenido en cal denominado (CBCV-2-A). Este cemento ha sido sintetizado por una ruta húmeda hidrotermal con posterior calcinación, empleando ceniza volante de alto contenido en cal (ASTM tipo C) como materia prima. La actividad hidráulica se ha estudiado en la pasta de cemento, durante un periodo de 180 días, ...

Souvenaid®: a new approach to management of early Alzheimer's disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Ritchie, C W; Bajwa, J; Coleman, G; Hope, K; Jones, R W; Lawton, M; Marven, M; Passmore, P

2014-03-01

Synaptic loss correlates closely with cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease and represents a new target for intervention. Souvenaid® is the first medical nutrition product to be designed to support synapse formation and function in early Alzheimer's disease, and has undergone an extensive, 12-year development programme. The relatively large amount of clinical data available for Souvenaid® is unusual for a medical nutrition product. Souvenaid® contains omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid), uridine (as uridine monophosphate) and choline which are nutritional precursors required for synaptic membrane phospholipid synthesis, together with phospholipids and other cofactors. Souvenaid® has demonstrated cognitive benefits in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease but not in patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease. Two randomised, double-blind, controlled trials (duration 12 and 24 weeks) in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease untreated with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and/or memantine have demonstrated that Souvenaid® is well tolerated and improves episodic memory performance. The daily intake of Souvenaid® has not been associated with any harmful effects or interactions with medications and none are anticipated. The ongoing, 24-month, European Union-funded LipiDiDiet trial in subjects with prodromal Alzheimer's disease is evaluating the potential benefits of Souvenaid® on memory and in slowing progression to Alzheimer's dementia. If Souvenaid® induces synaptogenesis and improved synaptic function, it may provide benefits in other clinical conditions characterised by neurodegeneration. A number of trials are ongoing and planned to evaluate the potential wider benefits of Souvenaid®.

Determinantes del tipo de cambio real en Colombia. Un modelo neokeynesiano

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Moreno Rivas, Álvaro Martín

2002-12-01

Full Text Available Este artículo presenta un modelo de tipo de cambio real siguiendo los desarrollos de la escuela neokeynesiana. Se estima econométricamente de acuerdo con la metodología de la escuela inglesa de econometría. El modelo empírico incorpora una dinámica interesante y respeta las restricciones de equilibrio de largo plazo entre el tipo de cambio real y los fundamentales macroeconómicos. Se encuentra que el ritmo de apreciación o depreciación del tipo de cambio real está determinado por los cambios en los términos de intercambio, la apertura de la economía, los flujos de capitales y la aceleración de la devaluación nominal. El incremento del gasto público no es significativo a los niveles convencionales de confianza estadística. Finalmente se evalúa si la devaluación cumple con los requisitos de exogeneidad débil, exogeneidad fuerte y superexogeneidad.

Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures

Medline Plus

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