Generalized tolerance sensitivity and DEA metric sensitivity

OpenAIRE

Neralić, Luka; E. Wendell, Richard

2015-01-01

This paper considers the relationship between Tolerance sensitivity analysis in optimization and metric sensitivity analysis in Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Herein, we extend the results on the generalized Tolerance framework proposed by Wendell and Chen and show how this framework includes DEA metric sensitivity as a special case. Further, we note how recent results in Tolerance sensitivity suggest some possible extensions of the results in DEA metric sensitivity.

Generalized tolerance sensitivity and DEA metric sensitivity

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Luka Neralić

2015-03-01

Full Text Available This paper considers the relationship between Tolerance sensitivity analysis in optimization and metric sensitivity analysis in Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA. Herein, we extend the results on the generalized Tolerance framework proposed by Wendell and Chen and show how this framework includes DEA metric sensitivity as a special case. Further, we note how recent results in Tolerance sensitivity suggest some possible extensions of the results in DEA metric sensitivity.

DoDEA 2010-11 Customer Satisfaction Survey. Executive Summary

Science.gov (United States)

Department of Defense Education Activity, 2011

2011-01-01

Every two years the Department of Defense Education Activity (DoDEA) administers the DoDEA Customer Satisfaction Survey (CSS) to all parents with children attending DoDEA schools and all 4th-12th grade students enrolled in a DoDEA school. Parents were asked to complete one survey for each school in which they had a child enrolled. The purpose of…

Common weights under dea control

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Agrell, P.J.; Bogetoft, P.; Fristrup, P.

2003-01-01

DEA relies so far on endogenous local or exogenous general weights, limited to available information. We offer endogenous general prices based on a reformulation of DEA. The potential application could be to precipitate collective bargaining on cost efficiency. The models are exemplified with data from the Danish district heating plants, where the open evaluation of multiple non-priced outputs is relevant (au)

Identificação de benchmarks e anti-benchmarks para companhias aéreas usando modelos DEA e fronteira invertida Use of DEA and inverted frontier for airlines benchmarking and anti-benchmarking identification

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Juliana Quintanilha da Silveira

2012-12-01

Full Text Available O crescente aumento da competitividade do setor de transporte aéreo nos últimos anos tem provocado uma mudança na dinâmica de mercado, levando as companhias aéreas a buscar novas estratégias para garantir a sua posição. Este artigo tem o objetivo de analisar o desempenho das companhias aéreas brasileiras no que tange à sua gestão operacional, após a crise do setor, ocorrida em 2006. A eficiência das empresas aéreas em 2007 foi avaliada através da comparação dos resultados obtidos no modelo de Análise Envoltória de Dados (Data Envelopment Analysis - DEA clássico com os calculados pelo método da fronteira invertida. Este artigo inclui ainda a identificação das companhias com as melhores e piores práticas gerenciais.The increase of the air transportation sector competition in recent years has changed this market dynamics, leading airlines to seek new strategies to ensure their position. This article aims to analyze the performance of Brazilian air carriers regarding their operational management after the crisis of the sector in 2006. The analysis of the companies' efficiency in 2007 is done by comparing the results obtained with a classic DEA model to those obtained with the Inverted Frontier method. This paper includes the identification of the airlines with the best and the worst managerial practices.

Dog Erythrocyte Antigen 1 (DEA 1): Mode of Inheritance and Initial Characterization

Science.gov (United States)

Polak, Klaudia; Acierno, Michelle; Raj, Karthik; Mizukami, Keijiro; Siegel, Don L.; Giger, Urs

2015-01-01

Background The Dog Erythrocyte Antigen (DEA) 1 blood group system remains poorly defined. Objectives The purpose of the study was to determine the DEA 1 mode of inheritance and to characterize the DEA 1 antigen and alloantibodies. Animals Canine research colony families, clinic canine patients, and DEA 1.2+ blood bank dogs were studied. Methods Canine blood was typed by flow cytometry and immunochromatographic strips using anti-DEA 1 monoclonal antibodies. Gel column experiments with polyclonal and immunoblotting with monoclonal anti-DEA 1 antibodies were performed to analyze select samples. Cross-reactivity of human typing reagents against canine RBCs and one monoclonal anti-DEA 1 antibody against human RBC panels was assessed. Results Typing of 12 families comprising 144 dogs indicated an autosomal dominant inheritance with ≥4 alleles: DEA 1− (0) and DEA 1+ weak (1+), intermediate (2+) and strong (3+ and 4+). Samples from 6 dogs previously typed as DEA 1.2+ were typed as DEA 1+ or DEA 1− using monoclonal antibodies. Human typing reagents produced varied reactions in tube agglutination experiments against DEA 1+ and DEA 1− RBCs. Polypeptide bands were not detected on immunoblots using a monoclonal anti-DEA 1 antibody, therefore the anti-DEA 1 antibody may be specific for conformational epitopes lost during denaturation. Conclusions The autosomal dominant inheritance of DEA 1 with ≥4 alleles indicates a complex blood group system; the antigenicity of each DEA 1+ type will need to be determined. The biochemical nature of the DEA 1 antigen(s) appears different from human blood group systems tested. PMID:26291052

Germinación simbiótica y asimbiótica en semillas de orquídeas epifitas

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Joel Tupac Otero Ospina

2009-10-01

Full Text Available Se compara el crecimiento de plántulas de la orquídeas epifita Tolumnia variegata en medios de agar con y sin hongos micorrízicos. Los métodos de germinación simbiótica produjeron embriones de T. variegata más desarrollados que los métodos de germinación asimbiótica y las diferencias fueron estadísticamente significativas. Las semillas en los controles en medio de celulosa sin hongos micorrízicos no germinaron. Las semillas de Epidendrum ramosum, Lepanthes rupestris y Psychilis monensis no mostraron diferencias significativas en germinación entre métodos simbiótica y asimbiótica utilizando hongos aislados de raíces de T. variegata, incluso algunos aislados del grupo Rhizoctonia parasitaron las semillas. Los resultados sugieren que las semillas de orquídeas epifitas y sus hongos micorrízicos son más específicos de lo que anteriormente se había creído y por tanto es necesario utilizar los hongos específicos para cada especie de orquídea. Además, se sugiere que los cultivadores de orquídeas podrían obtener mejores resultados en la propagación de orquídeas epifitas si utilizan metodologías de germinación simbiótica apropiados.

Germinación simbiótica y asimbiótica en semillas de orquídeas epifitas

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Bayman Paul

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Se compara el crecimiento de plántulas de la orquídeas epifita Tolumnia variegata en medios de agar con y sin hongos micorrízicos. Los métodos de germinación simbiótica produjeron embriones de T. variegata más desarrollados que los métodos de germinación asimbiótica y las diferencias fueron estadísticamente significativas. Las semillas en los controles en medio de celulosa sin hongos micorrízicos no germinaron. Las semillas de Epidendrum ramosum, Lepanthes rupestris y Psychilis monensis no mostraron diferencias significativas en germinación entre métodos simbiótica y asimbiótica utilizando hongos aislados de raíces de T. variegata, incluso algunos aislados del grupo Rhizoctonia parasitaron las semillas. Los resultados sugieren que las semillas de orquídeas epifitas y sus hongos micorrízicos son más específicos de lo que anteriormente se había creído y por tanto es necesario utilizar los hongos específicos para cada especie de orquídea. Además, se sugiere que los cultivadores de orquídeas podrían obtener mejores resultados en la propagación de orquídeas epifitas si utilizan metodologías de germinación simbiótica apropiados.

21 CFR 1305.12 - Procedure for executing DEA Forms 222.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Procedure for executing DEA Forms 222. 1305.12... I AND II CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES DEA Form 222 § 1305.12 Procedure for executing DEA Forms 222. (a) A purchaser must prepare and execute a DEA Form 222 simultaneously in triplicate by means of interleaved...

21 CFR 1305.18 - Return of unused DEA Forms 222.

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2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Return of unused DEA Forms 222. 1305.18 Section... II CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES DEA Form 222 § 1305.18 Return of unused DEA Forms 222. If the registration... substances for which the purchaser is registered, the purchaser must return all unused DEA Forms 222 to the...

21 CFR 1305.16 - Lost and stolen DEA Forms 222.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Lost and stolen DEA Forms 222. 1305.16 Section... II CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES DEA Form 222 § 1305.16 Lost and stolen DEA Forms 222. (a) If a purchaser ascertains that an unfilled DEA Form 222 has been lost, he or she must execute another in triplicate and...

21 CFR 1305.15 - Unaccepted and defective DEA Forms 222.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Unaccepted and defective DEA Forms 222. 1305.15... I AND II CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES DEA Form 222 § 1305.15 Unaccepted and defective DEA Forms 222. (a) A DEA Form 222 must not be filled if either of the following apply: (1) The order is not complete...

Silício na micropropagação de orquídeas: características morfofisiológicas

OpenAIRE

Soares, Joyce Dória Rodrigues

2013-01-01

O cultivo in vitro de espécies de orquídeas constitui a base para a propagação massal de mudas livre de doenças. Este trabalho objetivou estudar o desenvolvimento fitotécnico, o comportamento fisiológico e ultraestrutural em orquídeas micropropagadas. Três experimentos foram realizados, os quais avaliaram: 1) concentrações de silício e qualidade de luz no cultivo in vitro; 2) anatomia de espécies híbrida e nativa sob concentrações de silicio; 3) estiolamento e luz artificial na multiplicação ...

DEA 1 expression on dog erythrocytes analyzed by immunochromatographic and flow cytometric techniques.

Science.gov (United States)

Acierno, M M; Raj, K; Giger, U

2014-01-01

The Dog erythrocyte antigen (DEA) 1 blood group system was thought to contain types DEA 1.1 and 1.2 (and possibly 1.3 [A3]). However, DEA 1.2+ dogs are very rare and newer typing methods reveal varying degrees of DEA 1 positivity. To assess if variation in DEA 1 positivity is because of quantitative differences in surface antigen expression. To determine expression patterns in dogs over time and effects of blood storage (4°C). To evaluate DEA 1.2+ samples by DEA 1 typing methods. Anticoagulated blood samples from 66 dogs in a research colony and from a hospital, and 9 previously typed DEA 1.2+ dogs from an animal blood bank. Research study: Samples were analyzed by flow cytometry and immunochromatographic strip using a monoclonal anti-DEA 1 antibody. Twenty dogs were DEA 1-, whereas 46 dogs were weakly to strongly DEA 1+. Antigen quantification revealed excellent correlation between strip and flow cytometry (r = 0.929). Both methods reclassified DEA 1.2+ samples as weakly to moderately DEA 1+, but they were not retyped with the polyclonal anti-DEA 1.1/1.X antibodies. Dogs and blood samples retained their relative DEA 1 antigen densities over time. The blood group system DEA 1 is a continuum from negative to strongly positive antigen expression. Previously typed DEA 1.2+ appears to be DEA 1+. These findings further the understanding of the DEA 1 system and suggest that all alleles within the DEA 1 system have a similarly based epitope recognized by the monoclonal antibody. Copyright © 2014 by the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.

21 CFR 1305.13 - Procedure for filling DEA Forms 222.

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2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Procedure for filling DEA Forms 222. 1305.13... I AND II CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES DEA Form 222 § 1305.13 Procedure for filling DEA Forms 222. (a) A purchaser must submit Copy 1 and Copy 2 of the DEA Form 222 to the supplier and retain Copy 3 in the...

21 CFR 1305.14 - Procedure for endorsing DEA Forms 222.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... on the reverse sides of Copies 1 and 2 of the DEA Form 222) the name and address of the second... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Procedure for endorsing DEA Forms 222. 1305.14... I AND II CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES DEA Form 222 § 1305.14 Procedure for endorsing DEA Forms 222. (a) A...

Relative efficiency of the electric power distribution sector in Peru: an application of data envelopment analysis (DEA)

OpenAIRE

Bonifaz, José Luis; Santin, Daniel

2000-01-01

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar empíricamente la eficiencia técnica relativa de las empresas que operaron en el sector de distribución de energía eléctrica en el Perú, en el período 1995-1998. La metodología empleada para estimar la eficiencia técnica se basa en el análisis envolvente de datos (DEA). La DEA construye, mediante técnicas de programación lineal y a partir de las mejores prácticas observadas, la frontera de producción con respecto a la cual se evalúa la eficiencia de cada...

Increasing the Discriminatory Power of DEA Using Shannon’s Entropy

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Qiwei Xie

2014-03-01

Full Text Available In many data envelopment analysis (DEA applications, the analyst always confronts the difficulty that the selected data set is not suitable to apply traditional DEA models for their poor discrimination. This paper presents an approach using Shannon’s entropy to improve the discrimination of traditional DEA models. In this approach, DEA efficiencies are first calculated for all possible variable subsets and analyzed using Shannon’s entropy theory to calculate the degree of the importance of each subset in the performance measurement, then we combine the obtained efficiencies and the degrees of importance to generate a comprehensive efficiency score (CES, which can observably improve the discrimination of traditional DEA models. Finally, the proposed approach has been applied to some data sets from the prior DEA literature.

Activity, specificity, and titer of naturally occurring canine anti-DEA 7 antibodies.

Science.gov (United States)

Spada, Eva; Proverbio, Daniela; Baggiani, Luciana; Canzi, Ilaria; Perego, Roberta

2016-11-01

The reported prevalence of naturally occurring anti-dog erythrocyte antigen (DEA) 7 antibodies in DEA 7-negative dogs is as high as 50%. Characterization of these antibodies may better define their importance in canine transfusion medicine. We determined in vitro activity, specificity, and titer of anti-DEA 7 antibodies in DEA 7-negative dogs. Plasma samples from 317 DEA 7-negative dogs were cross-matched with DEA 7-positive red blood cells (RBCs) using gel column technology. Agglutination occurred with DEA 7-positive RBCs but not with DEA 7-negative RBCs in 73 samples (23%), which were hence classified as containing anti-DEA 7 antibodies. These samples were evaluated for hemolytic and agglutinating activity, strength of agglutination, and antibody specificity and titers. All samples showed agglutination but none showed hemolysis. Gel agglutination was graded as 1+ for 20 samples (27%), 2+ for 49 samples (67%), 3+ for 4 samples (6%); no samples were graded 4+. The agglutination titer was DEA 7 antibodies were found in 23% of DEA 7-negative dogs. The presence of naturally occurring anti-DEA 7 antibodies suggests that cross-matching of canine blood recipients is advisable, even at first transfusion, to minimize delayed transfusion reactions. © 2016 The Author(s).

Morbi-mortalidad de la endarterectomía carotídea

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Virginia A. Pujol Lereis

2011-10-01

Full Text Available La endarterectomía carotídea (EC en adición al mejor tratamiento médico mostró reducción del riesgo de eventos cerebrovasculares en pacientes sintomáticos y asintomáticos con estenosis moderada-grave del vaso en ensayos clínicos en centros académicos con cirujanos altamente seleccionados. Las principales guías internacionales recomiendan que el procedimiento se realice en centros con morbi-mortalidad auditada menor al 6% para pacientes sintomáticos y 3% para asintomáticos. Evaluamos la morbi-mortalidad peri-procedimiento en nuestro centro. Esta fue definida como la presencia de accidente cerebrovascular, infarto de miocardio y/o muerte dentro de los 30 días de la cirugía. Se indicó el procedimiento en pacientes sintomáticos con estenosis > 50%. En pacientes asintomáticos o sintomáticos con estenosis ≤ 50% se decidió el tratamiento sobre una base caso por caso. Todos los pacientes fueron examinados por un neurólogo y un cardiólogo antes y después de la EC. Se utilizó en forma rutinaria monitoreo intraoperatorio con Doppler transcraneano en los pacientes con adecuada ventana ultrasónica. Se evaluaron 306 endarterectomías carotídeas. No se registraron muertes. La morbilidad perioperatoria fue de 2.6% tanto para individuos sintomáticos como asintomáticos. Estos índices se compararon favorablemente con informes de otros centros de Latinoamérica y Europa. En conclusión, este informe muestra que la EC puede realizarse en la práctica clínica cotidiana con morbi-mortalidad peri-procedimiento dentro de los niveles recomendados por las guías internacionales.

Avaliação carotídea em doentes submetidos a revascularização miocárdica

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Luiz Roberto Felizzola

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Como a doença carotídea é a principal causa isolada de acidente vascular cerebral de origem tromboembólica, acredita-se ser imprescindível o seu diagnóstico precoce. O presente estudo tem por objetivo realizá-lo, mantendo os conceitos de praticidade e viabilidade econômica, adequando-se às condições socioeconômicas desfavoráveis locais. MÉTODO: No período de 18 meses foram avaliados 50 doentes, sendo 35 homens e 15 mulheres, com média de idade de 67,2 anos. Todos apresentavam indicação de revascularização miocárdica, considerados coronariopatas graves. Avaliou-se a incidência e o grau de estenose carotídea com base no mapeamento dúplex. Da mesma forma, foi avaliada a relação com possíveis fatores de risco: diabetes melito, hipertensão arterial sistêmica, tabagismo, sintomatologia neurológica focal prévia, doença arterial troncular dos membros inferiores e presença de sopro carotídeo. RESULTADOS: A incidência de estenose carotídea hemodinamicamente significativa (>50% foi de 48%, e crítica (>70% de 32%. Mostraram-se fatores de risco estatisticamente significativos, antecedentes de diabetes melito, sintomatologia neurológica focal prévia, presença de sopro carotídeo e presença de alterações arteriais tronculares dos membros inferiores. CONCLUSÃO: Concluiu-se que no grupo estudado houve aumento significativo de risco para estenose carotídea hemodinamicamente significativa e crítica, em relação à população geral. Desta forma, justifica-se o rastreamento ultra-sonográfico para doença carotídea em doentes coronariopatas, principalmente quando os fatores de risco significativos se fizerem presentes.

Germinação, crescimento e desenvolvimento in vitro de orquídeas (Cattleya spp., Orchidaceae)

OpenAIRE

Schneiders,Danieli; Pescador,Rosete; Booz,Maristela Raitz; Suzuki,Rogério Mamoru

2012-01-01

As orquídeas no ambiente natural sofrem exploração devido a sua importância ornamental, levando algumas espécies à extinção. O cultivo in vitro é uma forma alternativa para a conservação ex-situ. Procurou-se determinar um meio de cultura eficiente para a germinação in vitro de sementes e o crescimento inicial de plântulas de Cattleya forbesii, bem como para o crescimento de plântulas in vitro de Cattleya harrisoniana. No primeiro caso, sementes foram inoculadas em meio de cultura básico de Mu...

Desenvolvimento vegetativo de genótipos de orquídeas brasileiras em substratos alternativos ao xaxim.

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Luciana do Valle Rego

2000-05-01

Full Text Available Oncidium sarcodes é uma orquídea nativa do Brasil de crescimento lento e que está correndo um sério risco de extinção no seu habitat. Schomburgkia crispa, outra orquídea nativa do Brasil, é muito apreciada internacionalmente pelo colorido e beleza de suas flores. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o crescimento dessas duas espécies, em casa de vegetação, utilizando diferentes substratos. As plantas de 0. sarcodes eram oriundas de coletivos de sementes germinadas in vitro e com altura de 1 cm ± 0,3 cm. As plantas de S. crispa, coletadas já adultas (quatro pseudobulbos às margens do rio Tibagi, no município de Jataizinho (PR, onde será construída uma usina hidrelétrica, foram cultivadas em vasos de cerâmica. As orquídeas permaneceram em casa de vegetação com 50% de luminosidade, sendo regadas três vezes por semana. Os substratos utilizados no experimento foram: TI xaxim (Dicksonia sellowiana Hook. desfibrado; T2 xaxim em cubos; T3 casca de pínus + isopor + carvão; T4 vermiculita + casca de arroz carbonizada + carvão + isopor; T5 casca de pínus e T6 casca de pínus + carvão (este último adotado somente para 0. sarcodes. No caso dos tratamentos em que foram combinados diferentes tipos de substratos, sua proporção foi igual na mistura. Os substratos T3, T4, T5 e T6 podem ser considerados alternativos para 0. sarcodes, assim como T3, T4 e T5, para S. crispa, preservando-se, assim, o samambaiaçu, do qual o xaxim é retirado.

Sensitivity Analysis in Two-Stage DEA

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Athena Forghani

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Data envelopment analysis (DEA is a method for measuring the efficiency of peer decision making units (DMUs which uses a set of inputs to produce a set of outputs. In some cases, DMUs have a two-stage structure, in which the first stage utilizes inputs to produce outputs used as the inputs of the second stage to produce final outputs. One important issue in two-stage DEA is the sensitivity of the results of an analysis to perturbations in the data. The current paper looks into combined model for two-stage DEA and applies the sensitivity analysis to DMUs on the entire frontier. In fact, necessary and sufficient conditions for preserving a DMU's efficiency classiffication are developed when various data changes are applied to all DMUs.

Sensitivity Analysis in Two-Stage DEA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Athena Forghani

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Data envelopment analysis (DEA is a method for measuring the efficiency of peer decision making units (DMUs which uses a set of inputs to produce a set of outputs. In some cases, DMUs have a two-stage structure, in which the first stage utilizes inputs to produce outputs used as the inputs of the second stage to produce final outputs. One important issue in two-stage DEA is the sensitivity of the results of an analysis to perturbations in the data. The current paper looks into combined model for two-stage DEA and applies the sensitivity analysis to DMUs on the entire frontier. In fact, necessary and sufficient conditions for preserving a DMU's efficiency classiffication are developed when various data changes are applied to all DMUs.

DEA-Risk Efficiency and Stochastic Dominance Efficiency of Stock Indices

OpenAIRE

Martin Branda; Miloš Kopa

2012-01-01

In this article, the authors deal with the efficiency of world stock indices. Basically, they compare three approaches: mean-risk, data envelopment analysis (DEA), and stochastic dominance (SD) efficiency. In the DEA methodology, efficiency is defined as a weighted sum of outputs compared to a weighted sum of inputs when optimal weights are used. In DEA-risk efficiency, several risk measures and functionals which quantify the risk of the indices (var, VaR, CVaR, etc.) as DEA inputs are used. ...

21 CFR 1305.19 - Cancellation and voiding of DEA Forms 222.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Cancellation and voiding of DEA Forms 222. 1305.19... I AND II CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES DEA Form 222 § 1305.19 Cancellation and voiding of DEA Forms 222. (a) A purchaser may cancel part or all of an order on a DEA Form 222 by notifying the supplier in...

DEA 1 Expression on Dog Erythrocytes Analyzed by Immunochromatographic and Flow Cytometric Techniques

OpenAIRE

Acierno, M.M.; Raj, K.; Giger, U.

2014-01-01

Background The Dog erythrocyte antigen (DEA) 1 blood group system was thought to contain types DEA 1.1 and 1.2 (and possibly 1.3 [A3]). However, DEA 1.2+ dogs are very rare and newer typing methods reveal varying degrees of DEA 1 positivity. Objectives To assess if variation in DEA 1 positivity is because of quantitative differences in surface antigen expression. To determine expression patterns in dogs over time and effects of blood storage (4?C). To evaluate DEA 1.2+ samples by DEA 1 typing...

Ceratobasidium como hongo micorrízico de orquídeas en Colombia Ceratobasidium as orchid mycorrhizal fungi in Colombia

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Ana T. Mosquera-Espinosa

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Las orquídeas se caracterizan por su relación micorrízica obligada para la germinación de las semillas. El micosimbionte es principalmente del género-forma Rhizoctonia, al igual que sus teleomorfos de los géneros Ceratobasidium, Tulasnella, Thanatephorus y Sebacina. En Colombia hasta la fecha son muy pocos los reportes sobre hongos micorrízicos de orquídeas. Para el presente estudio se planteó el aislamiento e identificación de hongos micorrízicos de algunas orquídeas de diferentes há bitats en Colombia, siguiendo la metodología de contaje de núcleos en células de hifas jóvenes y la secuenciación de la región ITS de los genes ribosomales nucleares. Se identificaron doce aislamientos provenientes de ocho plantas de especies diferentes de orquídeas. Tanto búsquedas BLAST del GenBank como el número de núcleos los agruparon en el género Ceratobasidium. Los resultados sugieren que este género se asocia con una amplia diversidad de orquídeas de há bitats variados en Colombia, además que para esta planta puede ser un importante hongo micorrízico. Sin embargo, surgen preguntas relacionadas con la patogenicidad de los Ceratobasidium micorrízicos sobre otros hospederos y su posible potencial biocontrolador de hongos patógenos en plantas cultivadas como arroz.Orchids require a mycorrhizal relationship for seed germination. Many mycorrhizal fungi are in the form-genus Rhizoctonia, with teleomorphs in the genera Ceratobasidium, Tulasnella, Thanatephorus and Sebacina. So far there are very few reports of orchid mycorrhizal fungi in Colombia. The objectives of the present study were to isolate mycorrhizal fungi of orchids from different habitats in Colombia, and identify them by counting nuclei in young hyphae and sequencing the ITS region of nuclear ribosomal genes. We identified 12 isolates from 8 plants of different species of orchids. BLAST searches in GenBank and binucleate cellsplaced all isolates in the genus

Sensitivity analysis of network DEA illustrated in branch banking

OpenAIRE

N. Avkiran

2010-01-01

Users of data envelopment analysis (DEA) often presume efficiency estimates to be robust. While traditional DEA has been exposed to various sensitivity studies, network DEA (NDEA) has so far escaped similar scrutiny. Thus, there is a need to investigate the sensitivity of NDEA, further compounded by the recent attention it has been receiving in literature. NDEA captures the underlying performance information found in a firm?s interacting divisions or sub-processes that would otherwise remain ...

Laurel Springs & DoDEA

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Jhung, Seung

2000-01-01

At the request of the client organization, Laurel Springs School, we developed an in-depth market analysis of comparable educational programs offered within the Department of Defense Education Activities (DoDEA...

Conference on New Uses of DEA in Management and Public Policy

CERN Document Server

Charnes, Abraham; Lewin, Arie Y; Seiford, Lawrence M; Data Envelopment Analysis : Theory, Methodology, and Applications

1994-01-01

This book represents a milestone in the progression of Data Envelop­ ment Analysis (DEA). It is the first reference text which includes a comprehensive review and comparative discussion of the basic DEA models. The development is anchored in a unified mathematical and graphical treatment and includes the most important modeling ex­ tensions. In addition, this is the first book that addresses the actual process of conducting DEA analyses including combining DEA and 1 parametric techniques. The book has three other distinctive features. It traces the applications­ driven evolution and diffusion of DEA models and extensions across disciplinary boundaries. It includes a comprehensive bibliography to serve as a source of references as well as a platform for further develop­ ments. And, finally, the power of DEA analysis is demonstrated through fifteen novel applications which should serve as an inspiration for future applications and extensions of the methodology. The origin of this book was a Conference on Ne...

A smart experimental technique for the optimization of dielectric elastomer actuator (DEA) systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hodgins, M; Rizzello, G; York, A; Seelecke, S; Naso, D

2015-01-01

In order to aid in moving dielectric elastomer actuator (DEA) technology from the laboratory into a commercial product DEA prototypes should be tested against a variety of loading conditions and eventually in the end user conditions. An experimental test setup to seamlessly perform mechanical characterization and loading of the DEA would be a great asset toward this end. Therefore, this work presents the design, control and systematic validation of a benchtop testing station for miniature silicon based circular DEAs. A versatile benchtop tester is able to characterize and apply programmable loading forces to the DEA while measuring actuator performance. The tester successfully applied mechanical loads to the DEA (including positive, constant and negative stiffness loads) simulating biasing systems via an electromagnetic linear motor operating in closed loop with a force/mechanical impedance control scheme. The tester expedites mechanical testing of the DEA by eliminating the need to build intricate pre-load mechanisms or use multiple testing jigs for characterizing the DEA response. The results show that proper mechanical loading of the DEA increases the overall electromechanical sensitivity of the system and thereby the actuator output. This approach to characterize and apply variable loading forces to DEAs in a single test system will enable faster realization of higher performance actuators. (paper)

Amiodarone increases the accumulation of DEA in a human alveolar epithelium-derived cell line.

Science.gov (United States)

Seki, Satoru; Itagaki, Shirou; Kobayashi, Masaki; Hirano, Takeshi; Iseki, Ken

2008-07-01

Amiodarone (AMD)-induced pulmonary toxicity (AIPT) is the most life-threatening side-effect of AMD treatment. N-Monodesethylamiodarone (DEA), an active metabolite of AMD, also exhibits cytotoxicity and tends to accumulate in the lung more intensively than AMD. In this study, we characterized the mechanism of DEA accumulation using A549 cells as a model of the alveolar epithelium. Typical ATP-depletion compounds caused an approximately 30% increase in the accumulation of DEA in A549 cells, although these effects were less than those in Caco-2 cells. Triiodothyronine (T(3)), which exhibited an inhibitory effect on DEA efflux in Caco-2 cells, did not affect the accumulation of DEA in A549 cells. On the other hand, 100 microM AMD caused an approximately 200% increase in DEA content in A549 cells, although AMD accumulation was not affected by 100 microM DEA. Since the reducing effect of AMD on cellular ATP levels and that of FCCP were similar, the mechanism by which DEA accumulation is increased by AMD might be different from the ATP-dependent DEA efflux mechanism. The decrease in cell viability by DEA in the presence of AMD (IC(50) value of DEA for A549 cell viability: 25.4+/-2.4 microM) was more pronounced than that by DEA alone (IC(50) value: 11.5+/-3.0 microM). This further DEA accumulation by AMD might be a factor responsible for the greater accumulation of DEA than that of AMD in the lung in long-term AMD-treated patients.

Study on corrosion of carbon steel in DEA aqueous solutions

Science.gov (United States)

Yang, Jun Han; Xie, Jia Lin; Zhang, Li

2018-02-01

Corrosion of carbon steel in the CO2 capture process using diethanolamine (DEA) aqueous solutions was investigated. The effects of the mass concentrations of DEA, solution temperature and CO2 loading on the corrosion rate of carbon steel were demonstrated. The experimental results provided comprehensive information on the appropriate concentration range of DEA aqueous solutions under which low corrosion of carbon steel can be achieved.

Linked-cone DEA profit ratios and technical efficiency with application to Illinois coal mines

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Thompson, R.G.; Dharmapala, P.S.; Thrall, R.M. [University of Houston, Houston, TX (United States). Dept. of Decision and Information Sciences

1995-04-01

The authors develop a theory stating that Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) profit ratios and technical efficiency measures require separate treatment. This point is illustrated by analysis of an example problem; showing that DEA technical efficiency does not necessarily imply a DEA maximum profit ratio; and that a DEA maximum profit ratio does not necessarily imply DEA technical efficiency. The mathematical framework underlying this argument is provided. Application of the concepts to Illinois coal mining data lends support to the need for separate treatment of DEA technical efficiency and DEA profit ratios. 31 refs., 4 figs., 9 tabs.

Linked-cone DEA profit ratios and technical efficiency with application to Illinois coal mines

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Thompson, R.G.; Dharmapala, P.S.; Thrall, R.M.

1995-01-01

The authors develop a theory stating that Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) profit ratios and technical efficiency measures require separate treatment. This point is illustrated by analysis of an example problem; showing that DEA technical efficiency does not necessarily imply a DEA maximum profit ratio; and that a DEA maximum profit ratio does not necessarily imply DEA technical efficiency. The mathematical framework underlying this argument is provided. Application of the concepts to Illinois coal mining data lends support to the need for separate treatment of DEA technical efficiency and DEA profit ratios. 31 refs., 4 figs., 9 tabs

DEA investment strategy in the Brazilian stock market

OpenAIRE

Newton da Costa, Jr.; Marcus Lima; Edgar Lanzer; Ana Lopes

2008-01-01

This paper presents a multi-period investment strategy using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) in the Brazilian stock market. Results show that the returns based on the DEA strategy were superior to the returns of a Brazilian stock index in most of the 22 quarters analyzed, presenting a significant Jensen's alpha.

75 FR 56661 - Agency Information Collection (Dependents' Educational Assistance (DEA) Election Request...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-09-16

... (Dependents' Educational Assistance (DEA) Election Request) Activity; Under OMB Review AGENCY: Veterans... [email protected] . SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Title: Dependents' Educational Assistance (DEA... currently approved collection. Abstract: VA must notify eligible dependents of veterans receiving DEA...

Importance of Statistical Evidence in Estimating Valid DEA Scores.

Science.gov (United States)

Barnum, Darold T; Johnson, Matthew; Gleason, John M

2016-03-01

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) allows healthcare scholars to measure productivity in a holistic manner. It combines a production unit's multiple outputs and multiple inputs into a single measure of its overall performance relative to other units in the sample being analyzed. It accomplishes this task by aggregating a unit's weighted outputs and dividing the output sum by the unit's aggregated weighted inputs, choosing output and input weights that maximize its output/input ratio when the same weights are applied to other units in the sample. Conventional DEA assumes that inputs and outputs are used in different proportions by the units in the sample. So, for the sample as a whole, inputs have been substituted for each other and outputs have been transformed into each other. Variables are assigned different weights based on their marginal rates of substitution and marginal rates of transformation. If in truth inputs have not been substituted nor outputs transformed, then there will be no marginal rates and therefore no valid basis for differential weights. This paper explains how to statistically test for the presence of substitutions among inputs and transformations among outputs. Then, it applies these tests to the input and output data from three healthcare DEA articles, in order to identify the effects on DEA scores when input substitutions and output transformations are absent in the sample data. It finds that DEA scores are badly biased when substitution and transformation are absent and conventional DEA models are used.

State and change of Dryland East Asia (DEA)

Science.gov (United States)

Jiquan Chen; Ranjeet John; Guanghua Qiao; Ochirbat Batkhishig; Wenping Yuan; Yaoqi Zhang; Changliang Shao; Zutao Ouyang; Linghao Li; Ke Guo; Ge Sun

2013-01-01

Dry land East Asia (DEA) refers to a region with 4.81 million square kilometers (km²) and includes Mongolia and four provinces/regions in Northern China (hereafter called "administrative units" ): Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Ningxia, and Xinjiang. This introduction chapter provides an overview of the DEA region from three perspectives: 1) geography,...

Pharmacists correcting schedule II prescriptions: DEA flip-flops continue.

Science.gov (United States)

Abood, Richard R

2010-12-01

The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) has in recent years engaged in flip-flopping over important policy decisions. The most recent example involved whether a pharmacist can correct a written schedule II prescription upon verification with the prescriber. For several years the DEA's policy permitted this practice. Then the DEA issued a conflicting policy statement in 2007 in the preamble to the multiple schedule II prescription regulation, causing a series of subsequent contradictory statements ending with the policy that pharmacists should follow state law or policy until the Agency issues a regulation. It is doubtful that the DEA's opinion in the preamble would in itself constitute legal authority, or that the Agency would try to enforce the opinion. Nonetheless, these flip-flop opinions have confused pharmacists, caused some pharmacies to have claims rejected by third party payors, and most likely have inconvenienced patients.

Un Marco para el Análisis de Riesgos en Ciberseguridad

OpenAIRE

Rubio Blanco, José Antonio

2015-01-01

Tesis Doctoral leída en la Universidad Rey Juan Carlos de Madrid en 2015. Director de la Tesis: David Ríos Insua Tutor: Enrique Cabello Pardos Las ciberamenazas afectan a todo tipo de organizaciones, desde empresas privadas a administraciones públicas, incluyendo infraestructuras críticas. Para abordar esta compleja problemática, una herramienta imprescindible es el análisis de riesgos, gracias a la cual las organizaciones pueden analizar las amenazas que les afectan, priorizar...

75 FR 39620 - Proposed Information Collection (Dependents' Educational Assistance (DEA) Election Request...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-09

... (Dependents' Educational Assistance (DEA) Election Request) Activity: Comment Request AGENCY: Veterans... veterans beginning date to start their DEA benefits. DATES: Written comments and recommendations on the.... Title: Dependents' Educational Assistance (DEA) Election Request, VA Form Letter 22-909. OMB Control...

78 FR 17778 - Proposed Information Collection (Dependents' Educational Assistance (DEA) Election Request...

Science.gov (United States)

2013-03-22

... (Dependents' Educational Assistance (DEA) Election Request) Activity: Comment Request AGENCY: Veterans... veterans beginning date to start their DEA benefits. DATES: Written comments and recommendations on the.... Title: Dependents' Educational Assistance (DEA) Election Request, VA Form Letter 22-909. OMB Control...

Frequency of DEA 1 antigen in 1037 mongrel and PUREBREED dogs in ITALY.

Science.gov (United States)

Carli, E; Carminato, A; Ravagnan, S; Capello, K; Antognoni, M T; Miglio, A; Furlanello, T; Proverbio, D; Spada, E; Stefani, A; Mutinelli, F; Vascellari, M

2017-11-29

The prevalence of dog erythrocyte antigen (DEA 1) in canine population is approximately 40-60%. Often data are limited to a small number of breeds and/or dogs. The aims of this study were to evaluate frequency of DEA 1 in a large population of purebred and mongrel dogs including Italian native breeds and to recognize a possible association between DEA 1 and breed, sex, and genetic and phenotypical/functional classifications of breeds. Frequencies of DEA 1 blood group collected from screened/enrolled blood donors and from healthy and sick dogs were retrospectively evaluated. The breed and the sex were recorded when available. DEA 1 blood typing was assessed by immunocromatographic test on K3EDTA blood samples. The prevalence of DEA 1 antigen was statistically related to breed, gender, Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) and genotypic grouping. Sixty-two per cent dogs resulted DEA 1+ and 38% DEA 1-. DEA 1- was statistically associated with Dogo Argentino, Dobermann, German Shepherd, Boxer, Corso dogs, the molossian dogs, the FCI group 1, 2 and 3 and the genetic groups "working dogs" and "mastiff". DEA 1+ was statistically associated with Rottweiler, Briquet Griffon Vendéen, Bernese mountain dog, Golden Retriever, the hunting breeds, the FCI group 4, 6, 7 and 8 and the genetic groups "scent hounds" and "retrievers". No gender association was observed. Data obtained by this work may be clinically useful to drive blood donor enrollment and selection among different breeds.

An interface between I-DEAS and DYNA3D

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Andress, J.C.

1986-01-01

The I-DEAS software package can be used interactively to generate 3-dimensional finite element models for subsequent analysis. This memorandum describes techniques which allow I-DEAS to be used for the generation of finite element models for the code DYNA3D which is being used at Winfrith for impact analysis. In particular, it is shown how impacting and sliding interfaces can be defined conveniently even though the I-DEAS software does not directly support this feature of the DYNA3D code. A simple example is included to illustrate the use of the techniques described in this memorandum. (author)

Fabrication and performance analysis of a DEA cuff designed for dry-suit applications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ahmadi, S; Camacho Mattos, A; Barbazza, A; Soleimani, M; Boscariol, P; Menon, C

2013-01-01

A method for manufacturing a cylindrical dielectric elastomer actuator (DEA) is presented. The cylindrical DEA can be used in fabricating the cuff area of dry-suits where the garment is very tight and wearing the suit is difficult. When electrically actuated, the DEA expands radially and the suit can be worn more comfortably. In order to study the performance of the DEA, a customized testing setup was designed, and silicone-made cuff samples with different material stiffnesses were tested. Analytical and FEM modeling were considered to evaluate the experimental output. The results revealed that although the stiffness of the DEA material has a direct relationship with the radial constrictive pressure caused by mechanically stretching the DEA, it has a minor effect on the actuation pressure. It was also found that stacking multiple layers of the DEA to fabricate a laminated structure enabled the attainment of a desired variation of pressure required for the implementation of an electrically tunable cuff. (paper)

Las orquídeas de los cafetales en México: una opción para el uso sostenible de ecosistemas tropicales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adolfo Espejo Serna

2005-06-01

Full Text Available Se presenta el listado de las especies de orquídeas asociadas a cultivos de café de sombra en México, incluyendo datos sobre forma de vida, endemismo, status de conservación e interés hortícola. Se discute brevemente la importancia de promover el cultivo de café de sombra como una alternativa para la conservación de comunidades vegetales primarias en áreas tropicales y se presentan algunos puntos a considerar para impulsar una estrategia clara y bien definida de protección y conservación de la diversidad orquideológica en los cafetales mexicanosOrchids from coffee-plantations in Mexico: an alternative for the sustainable use of tropical ecosystems. Life form, endemism, conservation status, and horticultural interest are detailed for orchid species associated to shade coffee-plantations in Mexico. About 11% of the orchid taxa (214 species found in these agroecosystems are in the Mexican list of species requiring some form of protection. Almost 40% of the species are of horticultural interest. The importance of promoting shaded coffee plantations as an alternative to the conservation of primary plant communities in Mexican and other tropical regions is clear. Long term management plans are recommended. Rev. Biol. Trop. 53(1-2: 73-84.Epub 2005 Jun 24

Mathematics Audit of the DoDEA Schools: 2014-2015

Science.gov (United States)

2016-01-01

39 The Role of the Mathematics Instructional Support Specialist ... mathematics Instructional Support Specialists (ISSs) and school principals. We also interviewed administrative staff at DoDEA headquarters (HQ) and at the...Resources for High-Quality Professional Development for Mathematics Instructional Support Specialists , Principals, and Teachers DoDEA understands

Performance evaluation using bootstrapping DEA techniques: Evidence from industry ratio analysis

OpenAIRE

Halkos, George; Tzeremes, Nickolaos

2010-01-01

In Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) context financial data/ ratios have been used in order to produce a unified measure of performance metric. However, several scholars have indicated that the inclusion of financial ratios create biased efficiency estimates with implications on firms’ and industries’ performance evaluation. There have been several DEA formulations and techniques dealing with this problem including sensitivity analysis, Prior-Ratio-Analysis and DEA/ output–input ratio analysis ...

SY 2008-09 Customer Satisfaction Survey Results (Full Report). DoDEA Results

Science.gov (United States)

Department of Defense Education Activity, 2009

2009-01-01

The Department of Defense Education Activity (DoDEA) Customer Satisfaction Survey is a biennial survey administered by DoDEA to parents and students to monitor DoDEA's success in meeting students' needs. The survey is administered every other year to sponsors with children in pre-kindergarten--12th grade and to students in grades 4-12. For the…

SY 2010-11 Customer Satisfaction Survey Results (Full Report). DoDEA Results

Science.gov (United States)

Department of Defense Education Activity, 2011

2011-01-01

The Department of Defense Education Activity (DoDEA) Customer Satisfaction Survey is a biennial survey administered by DoDEA to parents and students to monitor DoDEA's success in meeting students' needs. The survey is administered every other year to sponsors with children in pre-kindergarten-12th grade and to students in grades 4-12. For the…

Las orquídeas de la Reserva de la Biosfera Torres del Paine: La necesidad de implementar monitoreo de especies y planificación ecoturística para la conservación de la biodiversidad

OpenAIRE

Vidal, Osvaldo J; San Martín, Cristina; Mardones, Sofía; Bauk, Viviana; Vidal, Claudio F

2012-01-01

Se describen las orquídeas de la Reserva de la Biosfera Torres del Paine sobre la base de exploraciones botánicas, registros fotográficos y colecciones de herbario llevadas a cabo por los autores. Esta lista comprende 3 géneros y 9 especies: Chloraea chica, Chloraea leptopetala, Chloraea magellanica, Codonorchis lessonii, Gavilea araucana, Gavilea gladysiae, Gavilea littoralis, Gavilea lutea y Gavilea supralabellata. G. gladysiae es un registro nuevo para esta área protegida y se reporta el p...

28 CFR 16.98 - Exemption of the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)-limited access.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... Administration (DEA)-limited access. 16.98 Section 16.98 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE PRODUCTION... Exemption of the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)—limited access. (a) The following systems of records.../Diversion Analysis and Detection System (ARCOS/DADS) (Justice/DEA-003) (2) Controlled Substances Act...

Research and Teaching Efficiencies of Turkish Universities with Heterogeneity Considerations: Application of Multi-Activity DEA and DEA by Sequential Exclusion of Alternatives Methods

OpenAIRE

Çinar, Y.

2016-01-01

The research and teaching efficiencies of 45 Turkish state universities are evaluated by using Multi-Activity Data Envelopment Analysis (MA-DEA) model developed by Beasley (1995). Universities are multi-purpose institutions, therefore they face multiple production functions simultaneously associated with research and teaching activities. MA-DEA allows assigning priorities and allocating shared resources to these activities.

Integrated AHP and network DEA for assessing the efficiency of Iranian handmade carpet industry

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Azadeh Omid

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Data envelopment analysis (DEA is a method for measuring the efficiency of peer decision making units (DMUs. Traditional DEA models deal with measurements of relative efficiency of DMUs regarding multiple-inputs vs. multiple-outputs. One of the drawbacks of these models is the neglect of intermediate products or linking activities. Recently, DEA has been extended to examine the efficiency of network structures, where there are lots of sub-processes that are linked with intermediate parameters. These intermediate parameters can be considered as the outputs of the first stage and simultaneously as the inputs for the second stage. In contrast to the traditional DEA analysis, network DEA analysis aims to measure different sub-processes’ efficiencies in addition to the total efficiency. Lots of network DEA technique has been used recently, but none of them uses Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP in network DEA for assessing a network’s efficiency. In this paper, AHP methodology is used for considering the importance of each sub-process and network DEA is used for measuring total and partial efficiencies based on the importance of each department measured from AHP methodology. In this regard, the case of Iranian Handmade Carpet Industry (IHCI is used.

Procedure to Solve Network DEA Based on a Virtual Gap Measurement Model

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fuh-hwa Franklin Liu

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Network DEA models assess production systems that contain a set of network-structured subsystems. Each subsystem has input and output measures from and to the external network and has intermediate measures that link to other subsystems. Most published studies demonstrate how to employ DEA models to establish network DEA models. Neither static nor dynamic network DEA models adjust the links. This paper applies the virtual gap measurement (VGM model to construct a mixed integer program to solve dynamic network DEA problems. The mixed integer program sets the total numbers of “as-input” and “as-output” equal to the total number of links in the objective function. To obtain the best-practice efficiency, each DMU determines a set of weights for inputs, outputs, and links. The links are played either “as-input” or “as-output.” Input and as-input measures reduce slack, whereas output and as-output measures increase slacks to attain their target on the production frontier.

Generación de bienestar social en México: un estudio DEA a partir del IDH

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

JOSÉ CÉSAR NAVARRO-CHÁVEZ

2016-01-01

Full Text Available El presente documento aborda el estudio del uso eficiente de los recursos para generar bienestar social en México durante el periodo 1990-2010; para ello se utilizó el Análisis de la Envolvente de Datos (DEA, tomando como referencia los indicadores socioeconómicos de las tres dimensiones del Índice de Desarrollo Humano (IDH. El análisis de resultados muestra que fueron Baja California Sur, Campeche, Chiapas, Colima, Distrito Federal, Estado de México, Quintana Roo, Tlaxcala y Zacatecas los más eficientes en la generación de bienestar social, haciendo evidente que las entidades con mayores recursos no son necesariamente las que generan mayor bienestar social.

Sembrando innovación para la competitividad del sector agropecuario colombiano

OpenAIRE

Uribe Galvis, Claudia Patricia; Fonseca Rodríguez, Sandra Lorena; Bernal Ramos, Gustavo Enrique; Contreras Pedraza, Carlos Alberto; Castellanos Domínguez, Óscar Fernando

2011-01-01

Las dinámicas del sector agroindustrial han exigido a los países mejorar la calidad de productos, hacer eficientes e innovadores los procesos de producción y comercialización, y diversificar productos y mercados. Estos retos han dirigido al Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, a promover la definición de agendas de investigación, desarrollo tecnológico e innovación, para reconocer y priorizar las problemáticas sectoriales tecnológicas y no tecnológicas, y focalizar y asignar recursos...

Fuzzy-DEA model for measuring the efficiency of transport quality

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dragan S. Pamučar

2011-10-01

Full Text Available Data envelopment analysis (DEA is becoming increasingly important as a tool for evaluating and improving the performance of manufacturing and service operations. It has been extensively applied in performance evaluation and benchmarking of schools, hospitals, bank branches, production plants, etc. DEA enables mathematical programming for implicit evaluation of the ratio between a number of input and output performance parameters. The result is quantification of the efficiency of business opportunities and providing insight into some flaws from the level of top management. Levels of efficiency determined under the same parametres make this analytical process objective and allow for the application of best practices based on the assessment of the overall efficiency. This paper presents a fuzzy-DEA model for evaluating the effectiveness of urban and suburban public transport- USPT. A fuzzy-DEA model provides insight into the current transport quality provided by USPT and proposes for the improvement of inefficient systems up to the level of best standards possible. Such quantification makes long-term stability of USPT possible. Since most of the acquired data is characterized by a high degree of imprecision, subjectivity and uncertainty, fuzzy logic was used for displaying them. Fuzzy linguistic descriptors are given in the output parameters of DEA models. In this way, fuzzy logic enables the exploitation of tolerance that exists in imprecision, uncertainty and partial accuracy of the acquired research results.

Illicit online marketing of lorcaserin before DEA scheduling.

Science.gov (United States)

Liang, Bryan A; Mackey, Tim K; Archer-Hayes, Ashley N; Shinn, Linda M

2013-05-01

Antiobesity drugs have been marketed illicitly by "no prescription" online pharmacies after approval and scheduling by the drug enforcement agency. We assess whether antiobesity drug Belviq® (lorcaserin HCl) was available from illicit online vendors before DEA-scheduling when sales are unauthorized. Online searches of "buy Belviq no prescription" examining first five result pages marketing the drug. Searches were performed from 11/5/2012-12/8/2012, prior to DEA scheduing. Belviq® is actively marketed by "no prescription" online vendors despite official unavailability and prescription requirements. Approaches included direct-to-consumer advertising using descriptive website URLs; linking to illicit marketers; and directing customers to other weight-loss websites for additional marketing. Finally, large quantities were marketed by business-to-business vendors. Illicit online "no prescription" pharmacies are marketing unauthorized, suspect antiobesity drugs before DEA scheduling and permitted marketing. Regulators must legally intercede to ensure patient safety, and providers must educate patients about online-sourcing risks. Copyright © 2013 The Obesity Society.

Applying DEA Technique to Library Evaluation in Academic Research Libraries.

Science.gov (United States)

Shim, Wonsik

2003-01-01

This study applied an analytical technique called Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to calculate the relative technical efficiency of 95 academic research libraries, all members of the Association of Research Libraries. DEA, with the proper model of library inputs and outputs, can reveal best practices in the peer groups, as well as the technical…

Custos operacionais eficientes das distribuidoras de energia elétrica: um estudo comparativo dos modelos DEA e SFA The cost efficiency of the Brazilian electricity distribution utilities: a comparative study with DEA and SFA models

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcus Vinicius Pereira de Souza

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta medidas de eficiência para 40 distribuidoras de energia elétrica que operam no setor elétrico brasileiro. As medidas foram obtidas por modelos de análise envoltória de dados (DEA e modelos de fronteira estocástica (SFA, duas técnicas que podem mitigar a assimetria de informação e aprimorar a habilidade do agente regulador comparar os desempenhos das distribuidoras, requisitos fundamentais em esquemas de regulação incentivada. As duas abordagens são apresentadas e os resultados obtidos pelos diferentes modelos são comparados.This paper shows the efficiency measurements of 40 Brazilian electricity distribution companies. The efficiency scores are obtained using the data envelopment analysis (DEA and stochastic frontier analysis (SFA models, techniques that can reduce the information asymmetry and improve the regulator skills to compare the performance of the electricity companies, which are fundamental aspects of regulatory regimes. The two approaches are described, and the main results obtained from the different models are compared.

Dendrobium ´Tropical Classic´. Nuevo híbrido de orquídea para Cuba

OpenAIRE

Suárez Guerra, Lorenzo; Téllez Beltrán, Georvis

2015-01-01

Los Dendrobium forman parte del género de las orquídeas más cultivadas de todo el mundo, gracias a su fácil cultivo y al gran número de híbridos obtenidos de diferentes formas, colores y tamaños. Varios cultivares de Dendrobium son comercializados como flor de corte, material in vitro y planta de pote o maceta y se ubican en el cuarto lugar en ventas entre los productos de floricultura, después de las Palmáceas, Dracaena y Anthurium. En este trabajo se presentan las principales característica...

Hipotensión arterial y variabilidad de la frecuencia cardiaca en pacientes embarazadas llevadas a cesarea bajo anestesia raquídea

OpenAIRE

Amaya Rios, Juan Carlos; Garcia Montaño, Nestor Ivan

2015-01-01

INTRODUCCION La hipotensión arterial por anestesia raquídea en embarazadas llevadas a cesárea es frecuente y deletérea para la madre y el feto, sin que a la fecha exista una herramienta clínicamente útil para predecirla. La variabilidad de la frecuencia cardiaca es una medida que estima la actividad del sistema nervioso autónomo y algunos estudio iniciales indican una posible utilidad como herramienta predictiva de hipotensión arterial en esta población. METODOLOGIA Se realizó un es...

Efedrina versus fenilefrina: prevenção de hipotensão arterial durante anestesia raquídea para cesariana e efeitos sobre o feto Efedrina versus fenilefrina: prevención de hipotensión arterial durante anestesia raquidea para cesárea y efectos sobre el feto Ephedrine versus phenylephrine: prevention of hypotension during spinal block for cesarean section and effects on the fetus

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Edno Magalhães

2009-02-01

Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A hipotensão arterial durante a anestesia raquídea para cesariana deve-se ao bloqueio simpático e compressão aorto-cava pelo útero e pode ocasionar efeitos deletérios para o feto e a mãe. A efedrina e fenilefrina melhoram o retorno venoso após bloqueio simpático durante anestesia raquídea. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a eficácia da efedrina e da fenilefrina em prevenir e tratar a hipotensão arterial materna durante anestesia raquídea e avaliar seus efeitos colaterais e alterações fetais. MÉTODO: Sessenta pacientes, submetidas à anestesia raquídea com bupivacaína e sufentanil para cesariana, foram divididas aleatoriamente em dois grupos para receber, profilaticamente, efedrina (Grupo E, n = 30, dose = 10 mg ou fenilefrina (Grupo F, n = 30, dose = 80 µg. Hipotensão arterial (pressão arterial menor ou igual a 80% da medida basal foi tratada com bolus de vasoconstritor com 50% da dose inicial. Foram avaliados: incidência de hipotensão arterial, hipertensão arterial reativa, bradicardia e vômitos, escore de Apgar no primeiro e quinto minutos e gasometria do cordão umbilical. RESULTADOS: A dose média de efedrina foi 14,8 ± 3,8 mg e 186,7 ± 52,9 µg de fenilefrina. Os grupos foram semelhantes quanto aos parâmetros demográficos e incidência de vômitos, bradicardia e hipertensão arterial reativa. A incidência de hipotensão arterial foi de 70% no Grupo E e 93% no Grupo F (p JUSTIFICATIVA Y OBJETIVOS: La hipotensión arterial durante la anestesia raquídea para cesárea se debe al bloqueo simpático y a la compresión aortocava por el útero y puede ocasionar efectos malignos para el feto y su madre. La efedrina y fenilefrina mejoran el retorno venoso después del bloqueo simpático durante la anestesia raquídea. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar la eficacia de la efedrina y de la fenilefrina en prevenir y tratar la hipotensión arterial materna durante la anestesia raquídea y

A new chance-constrained DEA model with birandom input and output data

OpenAIRE

Tavana, M.; Shiraz, R. K.; Hatami-Marbini, A.

2013-01-01

The purpose of conventional Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is to evaluate the performance of a set of firms or Decision-Making Units using deterministic input and output data. However, the input and output data in the real-life performance evaluation problems are often stochastic. The stochastic input and output data in DEA can be represented with random variables. Several methods have been proposed to deal with the random input and output data in DEA. In this paper, we propose a new chance-...

Contruction of a smoothed DEA frontier

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Mello João Carlos Correia Baptista Soares de

2002-01-01

Full Text Available It is known that the DEA multipliers model does not allow a unique solution for the weights. This is due to the absence of unique derivatives in the extreme-efficient points, which is a consequence of the piecewise linear nature of the frontier. In this paper we propose a method to solve this problem, consisting of changing the original DEA frontier for a new one, smooth (with continuous derivatives at every point and closest to the original frontier. We present the theoretical development for the general case, exemplified with the particular case of the BCC model with one input and one output. The 3-dimensional problem is briefly discussed. Some uses of the model are summarised, and one of them, a new Cross-Evaluation model, is presented.

The use of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) in healthcare with a focus on hospitals.

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Kohl, Sebastian; Schoenfelder, Jan; Fügener, Andreas; Brunner, Jens O

2018-02-24

The healthcare sector in general and hospitals in particular represent a main application area for Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). This paper reviews 262 papers of DEA applications in healthcare with special focus on hospitals and therefore closes a gap of over ten years that were not covered by existing review articles. Apart from providing descriptive statistics of the papers, we are the first to examine the research purposes of the publications. These research goals can be grouped into four distinct clusters according to our proposed framework. The four clusters are (1) "Pure DEA efficiency analysis", i.e. performing a DEA on hospital data, (2) "Developments or applications of new methodologies", i.e. applying new DEAy approaches on hospital data, (3) "Specific management question", i.e. analyzing the effects of managerial specification, such as ownership, on hospital efficiency, and (4) "Surveys on the effects of reforms", i.e. researching the impact of policy making, such as reforms of health systems, on hospital efficiency. Furthermore, we analyze the methodological settings of the studies and describe the applied models. We analyze the chosen inputs and outputs as well as all relevant downstream techniques. A further contribution of this paper is its function as a roadmap to important methodological literature and publications, which provide crucial information on the setup of DEA studies. Thus, this paper should be of assistance to researchers planning to apply DEA in a hospital setting by providing information on a) what has been published between 2005 and 2016, b) possible pitfalls when setting up a DEA analysis, and c) possible ways to apply the DEA analysis in practice. Finally, we discuss what could be done to advance DEA from a scientific tool to an instrument that is actually utilized by managers and policymakers.

Improving efficiency of decision making units through BSC-DEA technique

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Amir Reza Khaki

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Performance evaluation is one of the most important techniques to prioritize different decision making units. Data envelopment analysis (DEA, as a non-parametric method, plays an important role for measuring relative efficiency. Balanced score card, on the other hand, is another method to evaluate a business plan based on non-financial perspectives. The integrated BSC-DEA takes advantage of the advantages of both methods' features. In this paper, we propose a BSC-DEA method to rank different decision making units. We consider different financial criteria such as profit-margin, return on assets along with non-financial criteria such as customer satisfaction, advanced services, employee skills to compare the performance of different banks. The results are analyzed and discussed, which could be used for making better decisions.

DEA Window Analysis for Measuring Port Efficiencies in Serbia

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Danijela Pjevčević

2012-01-01

Full Text Available The aim of the paper is to apply Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA method in measuring and analyzing the efficiencies of ports on the river Danube. DEA window analysis is used to determine the efficiency of ports and to observe the possibility of changes in the port efficiency over time. A study is conducted to evaluate the efficiencies of ports on the territory of Serbia in order to identify the sources of inefficiencies and formulate proposals for improving the services of those ports and their operations through a four-year window analysis with port efficiency trends and average efficiencies. The progress is made in the measurement of port efficiency in relation to port productive activities - total area of warehouses, quay length, number of cranes and port throughput, for the Serbian river ports. Keywords: river ports, total area of warehouses, quay length, number of cranes, port throughput, port efficiency, DEA window analysis

Uma nova abordagem para a implementação de um sistema multiagente para a configuração e o monitoramento da produção de pequenas séries

OpenAIRE

Roloff, Mário Lucio

2014-01-01

Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Automação e Sistemas, Florianópolis, 2014 A Produção de Pequenas Séries (PPS) é um tipo de manufatura caracterizado pela alta diversidade de produtos a serem produzidos associada a tamanhos de lotes reduzidos - possivelmente unitários. Neste sistema de produção as tecnologias empregadas para configuração e monitoramento do processo devem priorizar a produção sem defeito...

Propuesta de un modelo para el análisis de criticidad en plantas de productos biológicos // Procedure the critical model análisis in a production process of biological products plans

OpenAIRE

Armando Díaz‐Concepción; Frank Pérez‐Rodriguez; Alfredo del Castillo‐Serpa; María Lucía Brito‐Vallina

2012-01-01

En este trabajo se propone un procedimiento para verificar la factibilidad de aplicación de unametodología para realizar el análisis de criticidad y complejidad y así priorizar una atención especial a lagama de activos que intervienen en el proceso productivo de las plantas de bioproductos y mejorar laconfiabilidad de estos activos, acorde a las nuevas tendencias en el mantenimiento. Para ello se defineuna instalación típica, se determinan los indicadores propios de estas plantas a tener en c...

DEA-BASED INVESTMENT STRATEGY AND ITS APPLICATION IN THE CROATIAN STOCK MARKET

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Margareta Gardijan

2012-12-01

Full Text Available This paper describes the DEA-based investment strategy for constructing of a stock portfolio in the Croatian stock market. The relative efficiency of the DMUs, which are in this case the selected stocks from Zagreb Stock Exchange, is obtained from the output oriented CCR and BCC models. The set of inputs consists of risk measures, namely return variance, Value at Risk (VaR and beta coefficient $(\\beta$, while monthly return represents an output. Following the „efficiency scores“, obtained from the models, we construct a portfolio of DEA-efficient stocks (DEA-portfolio. This portfolio can be modified over time according to changes of the DMU's efficiency scores. By comparing the returns of the EA-portfolio and the market return during the given time period, the applicability of the investment strategy based on a DEA methodology, as a strategy for achieving superior returns, is estimated.

Improved DEA Cross Efficiency Evaluation Method Based on Ideal and Anti-Ideal Points

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Qiang Hou

2018-01-01

Full Text Available A new model is introduced in the process of evaluating efficiency value of decision making units (DMUs through data envelopment analysis (DEA method. Two virtual DMUs called ideal point DMU and anti-ideal point DMU are combined to form a comprehensive model based on the DEA method. The ideal point DMU is taking self-assessment system according to efficiency concept. The anti-ideal point DMU is taking other-assessment system according to fairness concept. The two distinctive ideal point models are introduced to the DEA method and combined through using variance ration. From the new model, a reasonable result can be obtained. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the new constructed model and certify the rationality of the constructed model through relevant analysis with the traditional DEA model.

Regional Spanish Tourism Competitiveness. A DEA-MONITUR approach

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Juan Carlos Martín

2017-11-01

Full Text Available The aim of this paper is to analyse the regional tourist competitiveness performance in Spain. We use the seven pillars of tourism from a very detailed and complete database compiled by the Spanish Government –MoniTUR 2010 as primary data. Thus, we calculate a DEA-MONITUR regional tourist competitiveness index in order to compare and rank the total 17 Spanish Autonomous Communities using data envelopment analysis (DEA. Our results show how this performance is very different among regions, and the position of each of the laggard Autonomous Communities should be analysed by their respective destination management organizations (DMOs in order to envisage adequate corrective measures.

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) Model in Operation Management

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Malik, Meilisa; Efendi, Syahril; Zarlis, Muhammad

2018-01-01

Quality management is an effective system in operation management to develops, maintains, and improves quality from groups of companies that allow marketing, production, and service at the most economycal level as well as ensuring customer satisfication. Many companies are practicing quality management to improve their bussiness performance. One of performance measurement is through measurement of efficiency. One of the tools can be used to assess efficiency of companies performance is Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The aim of this paper is using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model to assess efficiency of quality management. In this paper will be explained CCR, BCC, and SBM models to assess efficiency of quality management.

The Application of DEA Method in Evaluating Credit Risk of Companies

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Anna Feruś

2010-12-01

Full Text Available The subject of the present article is a new procedure forecasting credit risk of companies in Polish economy environment. What favors the suggested approach is the fact that in Poland, unlike in western countries, DEA method has not yet been implemented in order to assess credit risk that companies face. The research described in the article has been conducted on the basis of comparison of suggested DEA method with currently used procedures, namely point method, discriminative analysis and linear regression. Considering the research, it can be concluded that DEA method facilitates forecasting financial problems, including bankruptcy of companies in Polish economic conditions, and its effectiveness is comparable or even greater than approaches implemented so far.  

Seed disinfestation methods for in vitro cultivation of epiphyte orchids from Southern Brazil Métodos de desinfestação de sementes para o cultivo in vitro de orquídeas epífitas do Sul do Brasil

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Veronica M Alvarez-Pardo

2006-06-01

Full Text Available Disinfestation of orchid seeds is necessary when the germination is performed in vitro. In such case, cultures are supplemented by a source of sugar and salts in order to obtain energy and other requirements. However, the presence of sugar and salts easily allows the development of unwanted microorganisms. To avoid such phenomenon, an efficient procedure must be done as a pretreatment of the seeds with liquid or gaseous substances. In this study with several Brazilian orchids, the seeds were disinfested with sodium hypochlorite solutions containing 0.4% or 0.8% active chlorine for five minutes and sodium hypochlorite or formaldehyde fumes up to two hours, this procedure being efficient for such purpose and making it possible to be used routinely.A desinfestação de sementes de orquídeas é necessária quando a germinação é efetuada in vitro. Neste caso, as culturas são suplementadas por uma fonte de açúcar e de sais, para prover energia e outras necessidades. A presença de açúcares e sais facilmente permite o desenvolvimento de microorganismos indesejáveis. Para evitar estes microorganismos, um procedimento eficiente deve ser usado como pré-tratamento das sementes com substâncias liquidas ou gasosas. Neste ensaio com várias espécies de orquídeas brasileiras, as sementes foram desinfestadas com solução de hipoclorito de sódio 0,4% ou 0,8% de cloro nascente por cinco minutos ou, por vapores de formol ou hipoclorito de sódio por até duas horas, sendo eficientes estes procedimentos para desinfestação e possível seu uso rotineiramente.

Healthcare efficiency assessment using DEA analysis in the Slovak Republic.

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Stefko, Robert; Gavurova, Beata; Kocisova, Kristina

2018-03-09

A regional disparity is becoming increasingly important growth constraint. Policy makers need quantitative knowledge to design effective and targeted policies. In this paper, the regional efficiency of healthcare facilities in Slovakia is measured (2008-2015) using data envelopment analysis (DEA). The DEA is the dominant approach to assessing the efficiency of the healthcare system but also other economic areas. In this study, the window approach is introduced as an extension to the basic DEA models to evaluate healthcare technical efficiency in individual regions and quantify the basic regional disparities and discrepancies. The window DEA method was chosen since it leads to increased discrimination on results especially when applied to small samples and it enables year-by-year comparisons of the results. Two stable inputs (number of beds, number of medical staff), three variable inputs (number of all medical equipment, number of magnetic resonance (MR) devices, number of computed tomography (CT) devices) and two stable outputs (use of beds, average nursing time) were chosen as production variable in an output-oriented 4-year window DEA model for the assessment of technical efficiency in 8 regions. The database was made available from the National Health Information Center and the Slovak Statistical Office, as well as from the online databases Slovstat and DataCube. The aim of the paper is to quantify the impact of the non-standard Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) variables as the use of medical technologies (MR, CT) on the results of the assessment of the efficiency of the healthcare facilities and their adequacy in the evaluation of the monitored processes. The results of the analysis have shown that there is an indirect dependence between the values of the variables over time and the results of the estimated efficiency in all regions. The regions that had low values of the variables over time achieved a high degree of efficiency and vice versa. Interesting

Diagnóstico y tratamiento de la enfermedad carotídea aterosclerótica extracraneal asintomática

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Luciano A. Sposato

2011-12-01

Full Text Available La enfermedad aterosclerótica asintomática de la arteria carótida interna extracraneal alcanza una prevalencia de hasta el 12.5%. La angioplastia carotídea todavía no ha demostrado ser lo suficientemente segura y eficaz para prevenir el ACV isquémico en estos pacientes. Estudios aleatorizados demostraron que la endarterectomía carotídea es superior al tratamiento médico en cuanto a reducción del riesgo de ACV isquémico si es realizada por equipos con tasas de complicaciones (ACV o muerte menores que 3%. Sin embargo, los pacientes evaluados en estos estudios comenzaron a reclutarse hace más de 25 años, cuando la utilización de antiagregantes plaquetarios era menor que la actual, el tratamiento de la hipertensión arterial era menos efectivo y todavía no se usaban estatinas como componentes fundamentales de los esquemas de prevención vascular. La optimización de la calidad del tratamiento médico en las últimas décadas ha llevado a una significativa reducción del riesgo de ACV en pacientes no intervenidos quirúrgicamente. En base a estas observaciones y con la excepción de casos específicos, el tratamiento médico es la opción terapéutica de elección en pacientes con enfermedad aterosclerótica carotídea extracraneal asintomática.

Evaluate and Analysis Efficiency of Safaga Port Using DEA-CCR, BCC and SBM Models-Comparison with DP World Sokhna

Science.gov (United States)

Elsayed, Ayman; Shabaan Khalil, Nabil

2017-10-01

The competition among maritime ports is increasing continuously; the main purpose of Safaga port is to become the best option for companies to carry out their trading activities, particularly importing and exporting The main objective of this research is to evaluate and analyze factors that may significantly affect the levels of Safaga port efficiency in Egypt (particularly the infrastructural capacity). The assessment of such efficiency is a task that must play an important role in the management of Safaga port in order to improve the possibility of development and success in commercial activities. Drawing on Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA)models, this paper develops a manner of assessing the comparative efficiency of Safaga port in Egypt during the study period 2004-2013. Previous research for port efficiencies measurement usually using radial DEA models (DEA-CCR), (DEA-BCC), but not using non radial DEA model. The research applying radial - output oriented (DEA-CCR), (DEA-BCC) and non-radial (DEA-SBM) model with ten inputs and four outputs. The results were obtained from the analysis input and output variables based on DEA-CCR, DEA-BCC and SBM models, by software Max DEA Pro 6.3. DP World Sokhna port higher efficiency for all outputs were compared to Safaga port. DP World Sokhna position is below the southern entrance to the Suez Canal, on the Red Sea, Egypt, makes it strategically located to handle cargo transiting through one of the world's busiest commercial waterways.

Determination Bounds for Intermediate Products in a Two-Stage Network DEA

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Hadi Bagherzadeh Valami

2016-03-01

Full Text Available The internal structure of decision making unit (DMU is the key element at extension of network DEA. In general considering internal performance evaluation of system is a better criterion than the conventional DEA-models, essentially based on the initial inputs and final outputs of the system. The internal performance of a system is dependent on the relation between sub-DMUs and intermediate products. Since the intermediate measures are consumed by some sub-DMUs produced by the others, it is possible to produce systems; the role of intermediate production is twice output and input. That's why they can be analyzed based on conventional mathematical modeling. In this paper we introduce a new method for determining bounds for intermediate product in a two stage network DEA structure.

The impact of non-discretionary factors on DEA and SFA technical efficiency differences.

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Kontodimopoulos, Nick; Papathanasiou, Nikolaos D; Flokou, Angeliki; Tountas, Yannis; Niakas, Dimitris

2011-10-01

The purpose of this study was to examine if factors of the external operating environment can explain differences in technical efficiency derived from Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA). In a sample of 124 dialysis facilities, technical efficiency was compared according to ownership, region, years in operation and size. With second-stage Tobit regression, DEA and SFA efficiency was regressed against these environmental factors to determine their potential for predicting technical efficiency, as well as the efficiency differences between the two frontier methods. DEA expectedly generated lower mean efficiency scores than SFA (68.2% vs. 79.4%, P DEA-SFA efficiency differences was explained by environmental factors. This suggests that in addition to market instabilities, luck, and other related phenomena, decision-makers in their effort to determine optimal resource allocation, should point their attention to the potentially useful insight provided by environmental factors.

HREELS study of the adsorption and evolution of diethylamine (DEA) on Si(1 0 0) surfaces

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yeninas, S.; Brickman, A.; Craig, J.H.; Lozano, J.

2008-01-01

The adsorption of diethylamine (DEA) on Si(1 0 0) at 100 K was investigated using high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy (HREELS) and electron stimulated desorption (ESD). The thermal evolution of DEA on Si(1 0 0) was studied using temperature programmed desorption (TPD). Our results demonstrate DEA bonds datively to the Si(1 0 0) surface with no dissociation at 100 K. Thermal desorption of DEA takes place via a β-hydride elimination process leaving virtually no carbon behind. Electronic processing of DEA/Si(1 0 0) at 100 K results in desorption of ethyl groups; however, carbon and nitrogen are deposited on the surface as a result of electron irradiation. Thermal removal of carbon and nitrogen was not possible, indicating the formation of silicon carbide and silicon nitride

Metodología para la oferta de servicio diferenciado por medio del análisis de costo de servir

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Christopher Mejía-Argueta

2015-10-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de esta investigación es generar esquemas logísticos y comerciales rentables, para lo cual se construye una metodología que mide el costo de servir y se determina la rentabilidad a partir de los estados financieros, que va de lo general a lo específico, permitiendo cerrar las brechas identificadas en el análisis de costo de servir para mercados emergentes. La metodología consta de 3 fases y 12 pasos que alinean la estrategia, alcance, procesos y costeo de actividades con la segmentación de cuentas rentables, marginales y no rentables, para generar mayor rentabilidad. Como resultado se construyen herramientas que permiten priorizar a los clientes, así como definir la estrategia logística y comercial ideal para los objetos de estudio (cliente, producto, etc..

On the redistribution of existing inputs using the spherical frontier dea model

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José Virgilio Guedes de Avellar

2010-04-01

Full Text Available The Spherical Frontier DEA Model (SFM (Avellar et al., 2007 was developed to be used when one wants to fairly distribute a new and fixed input to a group of Decision Making Units (DMU's. SFM's basic idea is to distribute this new and fixed input in such a way that every DMU will be placed on an efficiency frontier with a spherical shape. We use SFM to analyze the problems that appear when one wants to redistribute an already existing input to a group of DMU's such that the total sum of this input will remain constant. We also analyze the case in which this total sum may vary.O Modelo de Fronteira Esférica (MFE (Avellar et al., 2007 foi desenvolvido para ser usado quando se deseja distribuir de maneira justa um novo insumo a um conjunto de unidades tomadoras de decisão (DMU's, da sigla em inglês, Decision Making Units. A ideia básica do MFE é a de distribuir esse novo insumo de maneira que todas as DMU's sejam colocadas numa fronteira de eficiência com um formato esférico. Neste artigo, usamos MFE para analisar o problema que surge quando se deseja redistribuir um insumo já existente para um grupo de DMU's de tal forma que a soma desse insumo para todas as DMU's se mantenha constante. Também analisamos o caso em que essa soma possa variar.

Unitary input DEA model to identify beef cattle production systems typologies

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Eliane Gonçalves Gomes

2012-08-01

Full Text Available The cow-calf beef production sector in Brazil has a wide variety of operating systems. This suggests the identification and the characterization of homogeneous regions of production, with consequent implementation of actions to achieve its sustainability. In this paper we attempted to measure the performance of 21 livestock modal production systems, in their cow-calf phase. We measured the performance of these systems, considering husbandry and production variables. The proposed approach is based on data envelopment analysis (DEA. We used unitary input DEA model, with apparent input orientation, together with the efficiency measurements generated by the inverted DEA frontier. We identified five modal production systems typologies, using the isoefficiency layers approach. The results showed that the knowledge and the processes management are the most important factors for improving the efficiency of beef cattle production systems.

STEPWISE SELECTION OF VARIABLES IN DEA USING CONTRIBUTION LOADS

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Fernando Fernandez-Palacin

Full Text Available ABSTRACT In this paper, we propose a new methodology for variable selection in Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA. The methodology is based on an internal measure which evaluates the contribution of each variable in the calculation of the efficiency scores of DMUs. In order to apply the proposed method, an algorithm, known as “ADEA”, was developed and implemented in R. Step by step, the algorithm maximizes the load of the variable (input or output which contribute least to the calculation of the efficiency scores, redistributing the weights of the variables without altering the efficiency scores of the DMUs. Once the weights have been redistributed, if the lower contribution does not reach a previously given critical value, a variable with minimum contribution will be removed from the model and, as a result, the DEA will be solved again. The algorithm will stop when all variables reach a given contribution load to the DEA or until no more variables can be removed. In this way and contrary to what is usual, the algorithm provides a clear stop rule. In both cases, the efficiencies obtained from the DEA will be considered suitable and rightly interpreted in terms of the remaining variables, indicating the load themselves; moreover, the algorithm will provide a sequence of alternative nested models - potential solutions - that could be evaluated according to external criterion. To illustrate the procedure, we have applied the methodology proposed to obtain a research ranking of Spanish public universities. In this case, at each step of the algorithm, the critical value is obtained based on a simulation study.

Propagación in vitro de semillas de la orquídea Comparettia falcata Poepp. & Endl. (Orchidaceae mediante técnicas simbióticas y asimbióticas

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Héctor Karol Chávez

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Para su germinación, las orquídeas dependen de hongos micorrízicos y muchas de las características únicas de estas plantas están asociadas con el hongo que las coloniza. En este trabajo se evaluó la germinación de semillas de la orquídea Comparettia falcata en condiciones de laboratorio utilizando los métodos simbióticos: dos hongos micorrízicos de orquídeas de diferentes especies y un aislamiento patogénico de Rhizoctonia solani obtenido de arroz, y los asimbioticos: formulación de Knudson C y MS (Murashie & Skood. Se encontraron diferencias (P < 0.05 entre tratamientos, resultando mejor el método asimbiótico con la formulación Knudson C y el simbiótico con R. solani, patógeno de arroz. Además, se observó que los tratamientos donde se implementó la metodología simbiótica tuvieron menor porcentaje de contaminación por microorganismos que los tratamientos de tipo asimbiótico.

Location optimization of solar plants by an integrated hierarchical DEA PCA approach

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Azadeh, A.; Ghaderi, S.F.; Maghsoudi, A.

2008-01-01

Unique features of renewable energies such as solar energy has caused increasing demands for such resources. In order to use solar energy as a natural resource, environmental circumstances and geographical location related to solar intensity must be considered. Different factors may affect on the selection of a suitable location for solar plants. These factors must be considered concurrently for optimum location identification of solar plants. This article presents an integrated hierarchical approach for location of solar plants by data envelopment analysis (DEA), principal component analysis (PCA) and numerical taxonomy (NT). Furthermore, an integrated hierarchical DEA approach incorporating the most relevant parameters of solar plants is introduced. Moreover, 2 multivariable methods namely, PCA and NT are used to validate the results of DEA model. The prescribed approach is tested for 25 different cities in Iran with 6 different regions within each city. This is the first study that considers an integrated hierarchical DEA approach for geographical location optimization of solar plants. Implementation of the proposed approach would enable the energy policy makers to select the best-possible location for construction of a solar power plant with lowest possible costs

Review of life-cycle approaches coupled with data envelopment analysis: launching the CFP + DEA method for energy policy making.

Science.gov (United States)

Vázquez-Rowe, Ian; Iribarren, Diego

2015-01-01

Life-cycle (LC) approaches play a significant role in energy policy making to determine the environmental impacts associated with the choice of energy source. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) can be combined with LC approaches to provide quantitative benchmarks that orientate the performance of energy systems towards environmental sustainability, with different implications depending on the selected LC + DEA method. The present paper examines currently available LC + DEA methods and develops a novel method combining carbon footprinting (CFP) and DEA. Thus, the CFP + DEA method is proposed, a five-step structure including data collection for multiple homogenous entities, calculation of target operating points, evaluation of current and target carbon footprints, and result interpretation. As the current context for energy policy implies an anthropocentric perspective with focus on the global warming impact of energy systems, the CFP + DEA method is foreseen to be the most consistent LC + DEA approach to provide benchmarks for energy policy making. The fact that this method relies on the definition of operating points with optimised resource intensity helps to moderate the concerns about the omission of other environmental impacts. Moreover, the CFP + DEA method benefits from CFP specifications in terms of flexibility, understanding, and reporting.

Um modelo de análise envoltória de dados para o estabelecimento de metas de continuidade do fornecimento de energia elétrica

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José Francisco Moreira Pessanha

2007-04-01

Full Text Available Entre os aspectos da qualidade do fornecimento de energia elétrica destaca-se a continuidade, avaliada com base nos indicadores DEC e FEC que expressam, respectivamente, a duração e a freqüência das interrupções do fornecimento. Propõe-se uma nova implementação da regulação por comparação de desempenho na definição dos níveis toleráveis de DEC/FEC (metas de continuidade para as concessionárias de distribuição e seus conjuntos de unidades consumidoras. Na abordagem proposta combinam-se dois modelos de Análise Envoltória de Dados (DEA em um processo com dois estágios: primeiro um modelo DEA clássico estabelece quanto cada distribuidora deve melhorar globalmente os seus indicadores de continuidade, em seguida, por meio de um modelo para alocação de recursos, baseado em DEA, comparam-se os desempenhos dos conjuntos em uma mesma distribuidora e definem-se as metas locais de continuidade para cada conjunto. Apresentam-se metas locais para os conjuntos das duas principais concessionárias que atendem o Estado do Rio de Janeiro.The main dimension of the electricity quality is the supply continuity. It is evaluated by indices SAIDI (System Average Interruption Duration Index and SAIFI (System Average Interruption Frequency Index. This paper presents a new implementation of the yardstick competition that combines two Data Envelopment Analysis models (DEA to set the continuity standards for the electricity distribution utilities and their groups of consumption units. The approach has two stages. First, a classical DEA model performs a comparative analysis between utilities to define global continuity standards for each utility; next, based on global standards, a model for resource allocation based on DEA establishes the local continuity standards for groups of consumption units in the same utility. Local standards for the consumption units groups of the main distribution utilities in the Rio de Janeiro State are presented.

Magnetic field observation on DE-A and -B

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Farthing, W.H.; Sugiura, M.; Ledley, B.G.

1981-01-01

Magnetic field observations are conducted on each of the DE-A and -B satellites by a triaxial fluxgate magnetometer. In the basic mode the instrumental resolution is +-1.5 nT; in addition, the DE-A magnetometer has two modes of higher resolution: +-0.25 nT and +-20 pT. The sampling rate is 16 vector samples per second in all modes. The experiment objectives include observations of field-aligned currents, magnetospheric equatorial currents, and ULF waves. These observations, taking full advantage of the specifically selected orbits of the two spacecraft and of the unique combination of instruments, are performed to achieve a better understanding of the electrodynamic coupling within the atmosphere-ionosphere-magnetosphere system and of wave-particle interactions which contribute to the coupling processes. (orig.)

Full Polymer Dielectric Elastomeric Actuators (DEA Functionalised with Carbon Nanotubes and High-K Ceramics

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Tilo Köckritz

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Dielectric elastomer actuators (DEA are special devices which have a simple working and construction principle and outstanding actuation properties. The DEAs consist of a combination of different materials for the dielectric and electrode layers. The combination of these layers causes incompatibilities in their interconnections. Dramatic differences in the mechanical properties and bad adhesion of the layers are the principal causes for the reduction of the actuation displacement and strong reduction of lifetime. Common DEAs achieve actuation displacements of 2% and a durability of some million cycles. The following investigations represent a new approach to solving the problems of common systems. The investigated DEA consists of only one basic raw polymer, which was modified according to the required demands of each layer. The basic raw polymer was modified with single-walled carbon nanotubes or high-k ceramics, for example, lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate. The development of the full polymer DEA comprised the development of materials and technologies to realise a reproducible layer composition. It was proven that the full polymer actuator worked according to the theoretical rules. The investigated system achieved actuation displacements above 20% regarding thickness, outstanding interconnections at each layer without any failures, and durability above 3 million cycles without any indication of an impending malfunction.

Two-phased DEA-MLA approach for predicting efficiency of NBA players

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Radovanović Sandro

2014-01-01

Full Text Available In sports, a calculation of efficiency is considered to be one of the most challenging tasks. In this paper, DEA is used to evaluate an efficiency of the NBA players, based on multiple inputs and multiple outputs. The efficiency is evaluated for 26 NBA players at the guard position based on existing data. However, if we want to generate the efficiency for a new player, we would have to re-conduct the DEA analysis. Therefore, to predict the efficiency of a new player, machine learning algorithms are applied. The DEA results are incorporated as an input for the learning algorithms, defining thereby an efficiency frontier function form with high reliability. In this paper, linear regression, neural network, and support vector machines are used to predict an efficiency frontier. The results have shown that neural networks can predict the efficiency with an error less than 1%, and the linear regression with an error less than 2%.

Formulation of insecticide profenofos using Surfactant Diethanolamide (DEA) based on palm olein

Science.gov (United States)

Dewi, H. S.; Rahayuningsih, M.; Hambali, E.

2017-05-01

Soybean is one of the major food commodities in Indonesia that the consumption is increasing each year, but this is not in line with the domestic soybean production capacity. One cause of the low production capacity is the armyworm attact. Generally, the armyworm attack controled by spread insecticide profenofos. Profenofos need to be dissolved, but profenofos couldn’t dissolved in water. So that, it need the right formulation between the solvent and other ingredients which can supprotprofenofos performance. One of that ingredient is surfactant. This research used surfactant diethanolamide (DEA) based on palm olein. DEAfunction in insecticide formulation are as homogenizer, dispersant, sticker and spreader agent.The aims of this research are to obtain the best emultion insecticide product based on profenofos as the active ingredients and DEA as the surfactant, moreover it also to obtain information of the physico-chemical properties. The formulation test performed with compeletely randomized design (CRD) with two factors, first factor is DEA concentrationand the second factor is profenofos concentration. Data of physico-chemical properties test was analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and significant result tested by Duncant Multiple Range Test (DMRT).The result showed that, surfactant DEA could make good emultion between profenofos and sodium ethoxide as the solvent. The best treatment which obtain from formulation stage is concentrate with DEA 10% and profenofos 40%. Physico-chemical properties test result showed that droplet size is 1,76-2,07 µm, contact angle 11,575-24,218°, density 0,996-0,998 g/cm3, surface tension 16,56-40,72 dyne/cm, viscosity 1,032-1,078 Cp and pH 6,87-8,22.

Índice híbrido de eficácia e eficiência para lojas de varejo Effectiveness and efficiency hibrid index for retail stores

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Denise Santos de Figueiredo

2009-06-01

Full Text Available As análises de desempenho atualmente utilizadas no varejo se atêm à avaliação dos diversos índices de desempenho de forma isolada. A metodologia de Análise Envoltória de Dados - DEA oferece a possibilidade de geração de um índice de eficiência único e mais completo, tendo como base a razão ponderada entre os produtos gerados e os insumos necessários para tal. Diferentemente de outras técnicas estatísticas, que utilizam medidas de tendência central para avaliação e comparação de unidades produtivas entre si, a metodologia DEA as compara às melhores, proporcionando assim oportunidades de benchmark, mostrando-se com isso, mais rica no apoio à decisão. Considerar no modelo a opinião dos especialistas, principalmente no que diz respeito à eficácia, se torna um ponto imperativo na atualidade, para conferir credibilidade aos resultados e fazer isso de forma mais simples é um diferencial. A criação e a simulação de unidades produtivas artificiais, ou não observadas, mostram-se como uma alternativa viável e vantajosa para incorporação do conceito de eficácia ao modelo DEA, frente aos problemas com que se pode defrontar ao optar por restrições aos pesos. Esse artigo apresenta a aplicação de todos os pontos até então comentados a um caso real do varejo, propondo um índice único de avaliação de lojas com base na metodologia DEA, incorporando por meio de unidades produtivas artificiais a opinião dos especialistas referentes à eficácia.Nowadays, various methodologies are utilized to analyze and measure performance in retail industries. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA offers analysts and retailers a unique, thorough, and more meaningful way of measuring performance. The DEA based index uses the ratio between the products generated and resources used. Unlike other statistical techniques that utilize measures of central tendency for evaluation and comparison of productive stores among themselves, DEA methodology

VALORAÇÃO ECONÔMICA DO DANO AMBIENTAL OCASIONADO PELA EXTRAÇÃO ILEGAL DA ORQUÍDEA Cattleya granulosa NO PARQUE NATURAL DOM NIVALDO MONTE, NATAL/RN.

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Adriana Margarida Zanbotto Ramalho

2010-04-01

Full Text Available A Mata Atlântica vem sendo alvo de biopirataria e coleta predatória de plantas ornamentais como orquídeas que alcançam um alto valor de mercado em função das características estéticas e beleza cênica. O Parque Natural Dom Nivaldo Monte é um fragmento de Mata Atlântica de 64 ha, inserido na Zona de Proteção Ambiental-1 (ZPA-1 do município de Natal, que vem sendo alvo deste mercado ilegal devido à extração vegetal da Cattleya granulosa, uma orquídea endêmica ameaçada de extinção. O objetivo geral deste trabalho é valorar economicamente o dano ambiental ocasionado pela extração ilegal da orquídea C. granulosa. A metodologia utilizada na pesquisa contemplou as seguintes etapas: levantamento amostral da orquídea na área em estudo; cálculo de densidade e freqüência absolutas; valoração econômica do dano ambiental associado à extração indevida; proposição de políticas públicas. Como resultado, foi observada uma densidade de 1,17 indivíduos/parcela e freqüência absoluta de 8,33%, sendo estimando 1493 indivíduos no Parque, durante o período analisado. Os serviços ambientais oferecidos por todos os indivíduos de C. granulosa a sociedade, na área estudada, representa monetariamente um valor de R$ 9.555.200,00. Assim, para manutenção destes serviços propõem-se como políticas públicas municipais para preservação da espécie: aumento da fiscalização na área, educação ambiental com a comunidade circunvizinha, cobrança de indenização ao infrator, investir na interligação da ZPA-1 com a ZPA -3 a fim de propiciar fluxo gênico entre estes fragmentos, assim como incentivar a utilização técnicas de biotecnologia vegetal como a micropropagação de clones e semeadura in vitro para reintrodução na natureza.

Avaliação da Eficiência Técnica das Empresas de Saneamento Brasileiras Utilizando a Metodologia DEA

OpenAIRE

Carmo, Cinthya Melo do

2003-01-01

Atualmente, o setor de saneamento básico brasileiro está passando por estudos para modernização das empresas responsáveis pelos serviços d água e captação de esgoto nos âmbitos regionais, estaduais e municipais, a fim de mapear, conhecer a qualidade, amplitude e eficiência desses serviços. Essa dissertação determinou o grau de eficiência técnica das 26 companhias estaduais de saneamento básico, através da metodologia DEA - Análise Envoltória de Dados (Data Envelopment Analys...

IDYNA: an interface between I-DEAS and DYNA3D

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Butler, N.

1990-03-01

DYNA3D is a popular code used for the analysis of impact and blast loadings. For all but the simplest calculations, the input data for DYNA3D must be prepared with the aid of a finite element mesh generator such as I-DEAS. Both DYNA3D and I-DEAS are well established analysis tools used at Winfrith and, individually, have an international following in their respective fields of application. This memorandum describes an interface program IDYNA, which links together these two major software products. It supports solid, beam and shell elements, nodal constraints, sliding interfaces and pressure boundary conditions. IDYNA makes use of a number of conventions which the I-DEAS user will need to know when creating the model. On running IDYNA, a DYNA3D input data file is generated which requires the minimum of editing before it is ready for use. All this is fully documented, with example output, for reference by both the novice and experienced user. Once learnt, the whole procedure from model creation to running the DYNA3D code will be streamlined, leading to quicker problem solutions. (author)

Technical and scale efficiency in public and private Irish nursing homes - a bootstrap DEA approach.

Science.gov (United States)

Ni Luasa, Shiovan; Dineen, Declan; Zieba, Marta

2016-10-27

This article provides methodological and empirical insights into the estimation of technical efficiency in the nursing home sector. Focusing on long-stay care and using primary data, we examine technical and scale efficiency in 39 public and 73 private Irish nursing homes by applying an input-oriented data envelopment analysis (DEA). We employ robust bootstrap methods to validate our nonparametric DEA scores and to integrate the effects of potential determinants in estimating the efficiencies. Both the homogenous and two-stage double bootstrap procedures are used to obtain confidence intervals for the bias-corrected DEA scores. Importantly, the application of the double bootstrap approach affords true DEA technical efficiency scores after adjusting for the effects of ownership, size, case-mix, and other determinants such as location, and quality. Based on our DEA results for variable returns to scale technology, the average technical efficiency score is 62 %, and the mean scale efficiency is 88 %, with nearly all units operating on the increasing returns to scale part of the production frontier. Moreover, based on the double bootstrap results, Irish nursing homes are less technically efficient, and more scale efficient than the conventional DEA estimates suggest. Regarding the efficiency determinants, in terms of ownership, we find that private facilities are less efficient than the public units. Furthermore, the size of the nursing home has a positive effect, and this reinforces our finding that Irish homes produce at increasing returns to scale. Also, notably, we find that a tendency towards quality improvements can lead to poorer technical efficiency performance.

Optimal Scheme Selection of Agricultural Production Structure Adjustment - Based on DEA Model; Punjab (Pakistan)

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

Zeeshan Ahmad; Meng Jun; Muhammad Abdullah; Mazhar Nadeem Ishaq; Majid Lateef; Imran Khan

2015-01-01

This paper used the modern evaluation method of DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) to assess the comparative efficiency and then on the basis of this among multiple schemes chose the optimal scheme of agricultural production structure adjustment. Based on the results of DEA model, we dissected scale advantages of each discretionary scheme or plan. We examined scale advantages of each discretionary scheme, tested profoundly a definitive purpose behind not-DEA efficient, which elucidated the system and methodology to enhance these discretionary plans. At the end, another method had been proposed to rank and select the optimal scheme. The research was important to guide the practice if the modification of agricultural production industrial structure was carried on.

A DEA-TOPSIS approach for ranking credit institutions

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Mohammad Ehsani

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Measuring the relative efficiency of financial units plays essential role for making strategic decisions such as business development, downsizing, etc. This paper presents an empirical investigation to rank different branches of a credit institution named Samen in city of Semnan, Iran. The proposed study uses data envelopment analysis (DEA for measuring the relative efficiency of 17 units. The results indicate that five units were efficient and using Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS, the efficient units are ranked based on some inputs/outputs. The results of this study indicate that most branches of this financial unit performed poorly and a restructure in their businesses is necessary. In addition, the study has provided some evidences that considering employee wage, bank deposit and administration expenses as inputs for DEA implementation seems to provide better results than using total assets and equities.

Derivação carótido-carotídea por via retrofaríngea: seguimento tardio Retropharyngeal carotid-carotid crossover bypass: late follow-up

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Newton Roech Aerts

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Existem diversas opções para o tratamento da doença oclusiva dos troncos supra-aórticos, de acordo com a apresentação clínica e a localização das lesões arteriais. As abordagens cervicais são aceitas como alternativas de baixa morbimortalidade, com elevada perviedade em longo prazo. Os autores relatam um caso tratado com sucesso através de derivação carótido-carotídea cruzada por via retrofaríngea associada à endarterectomia da bifurcação carotídea. São discutidos também os aspectos clínicos e as opções cirúrgicas ou endovasculares para o melhor tratamento desses pacientes.A variety of therapeutic options are available to manage the disease of supra-aortic trunks based on clinical presentations and anatomic location of the arterial lesions. The cervical approach is accepted as having low morbidity and mortality with elevated long-term patency. The authors report a successfully treated case of carotid-carotid crossover bypass by the retropharyngeal route associated with endarterectomy of carotid bifurcation. We also discuss clinical aspects, and surgical or endovascular options for the best treatment of these patients.

Measuring relative performance of banking industry using a DEA and TOPSIS

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Mohammad Hemmati

2013-02-01

Full Text Available One of the primary concerns in banking industry is to measure the relative importance of banking industry using popular multi criteria decision making (MCDM techniques such as data envelopment analysis (DEA and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS. In this paper, we use these two MCDM techniques to measure the relative efficiencies of 16 private and governmental banks in terms of electronic payment. There are three inputs with DEA methods including the number of issued cards, the number of ATM machines and the number of POSs and there are two outputs including the number of successful ATMs and the number of successful POSs transactions. The proposed study of this paper uses the necessary data of one of Iranian provinces and the results of the implementation of DEA and TOPSIS have indicated that 9 out of 16 banks were efficient. Our study also indicates that mean of relative efficiency for private banks was 82% while this number was 75% for governmental banks.

Investment Strategy on the Zagreb Stock Exchange Based on Dynamic DEA

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Tihana Škrinjarić

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Nowadays, there is a growing interest in the application of quantitative methods in portfolio management, as the results of their application can be used as guidelines for managing a successful investment portfolio, i.e., a portfolio that outperforms the market. This paper deals with the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA approach and a Dynamic Slacks-Based Measure as a method of forming a portfolio which would predominantly outperform the market. In order to test the strategy, data on stocks listed on the Zagreb Stock Exchange were gathered for the period April 2009 – June 2012. Using the quarterly returns, standard deviations and coefficients of skewness as links, a dynamic slacks-based measure approach was applied to evaluate the relative efficiency of stocks in each quarter. The findings indicate that a portfolio based on the results of the optimization beats the market in terms of both returns and risk. This is the first implementation of the dynamic DEA model in stock trading. The results suggest that it is superior to basic DEA models.

An integrated DEA-COLS-SFA algorithm for optimization and policy making of electricity distribution units

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Azadeh, A.; Ghaderi, S.F.; Omrani, H.; Eivazy, H.

2009-01-01

This paper presents an integrated data envelopment analysis (DEA)-corrected ordinary least squares (COLS)-stochastic frontier analysis (SFA)-principal component analysis (PCA)-numerical taxonomy (NT) algorithm for performance assessment, optimization and policy making of electricity distribution units. Previous studies have generally used input-output DEA models for benchmarking and evaluation of electricity distribution units. However, this study proposes an integrated flexible approach to measure the rank and choose the best version of the DEA method for optimization and policy making purposes. It covers both static and dynamic aspects of information environment due to involvement of SFA which is finally compared with the best DEA model through the Spearman correlation technique. The integrated approach would yield in improved ranking and optimization of electricity distribution systems. To illustrate the usability and reliability of the proposed algorithm, 38 electricity distribution units in Iran have been considered, ranked and optimized by the proposed algorithm of this study.

Employing post-DEA cross-evaluation and cluster analysis in a sample of Greek NHS hospitals.

Science.gov (United States)

Flokou, Angeliki; Kontodimopoulos, Nick; Niakas, Dimitris

2011-10-01

To increase Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) discrimination of efficient Decision Making Units (DMUs), by complementing "self-evaluated" efficiencies with "peer-evaluated" cross-efficiencies and, based on these results, to classify the DMUs using cluster analysis. Healthcare, which is deprived of such studies, was chosen as the study area. The sample consisted of 27 small- to medium-sized (70-500 beds) NHS general hospitals distributed throughout Greece, in areas where they are the sole NHS representatives. DEA was performed on 2005 data collected from the Ministry of Health and the General Secretariat of the National Statistical Service. Three inputs -hospital beds, physicians and other health professionals- and three outputs -case-mix adjusted hospitalized cases, surgeries and outpatient visits- were included in input-oriented, constant-returns-to-scale (CRS) and variable-returns-to-scale (VRS) models. In a second stage (post-DEA), aggressive and benevolent cross-efficiency formulations and clustering were employed, to validate (or not) the initial DEA scores. The "maverick index" was used to sort the peer-appraised hospitals. All analyses were performed using custom-made software. Ten benchmark hospitals were identified by DEA, but using the aggressive and benevolent formulations showed that two and four of them respectively were at the lower end of the maverick index list. On the other hand, only one 100% efficient (self-appraised) hospital was at the higher end of the list, using either formulation. Cluster analysis produced a hierarchical "tree" structure which dichotomized the hospitals in accordance to the cross-evaluation results, and provided insight on the two-dimensional path to improving efficiency. This is, to our awareness, the first study in the healthcare domain to employ both of these post-DEA techniques (cross efficiency and clustering) at the hospital (i.e. micro) level. The potential benefit for decision-makers is the capability to examine high

DEA radial measurement for environmental assessment and planning: Desirable procedures to evaluate fossil fuel power plants

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sueyoshi, Toshiyuki; Goto, Mika

2012-01-01

Energy policy depends on a proper use of methodology in guiding a large energy issue such as the global warming and climate change. DEA is one of such methodologies that are often used for preparing environmental policy, which is closely linked to various energy issues. Unfortunately, the use of DEA applied to environmental policy is insufficient, often misguiding policy makers and other individuals who are involved in energy issues. This study provides three guidelines for a use of DEA in preparing environmental assessment. First, it is important to prepare both primal and dual formulations to confirm whether information regarding all production factors (i.e., inputs, desirable and undesirable outputs) is fully utilized in DEA assessment. Second, DEA has model variations in radial and non-radial measurements. It is necessary for us to examine environmental issues by different models in order to avoid a methodological bias existing in those empirical studies. Finally, DEA environmental assessment needs to incorporate the concept of natural and managerial disposability. The natural disposability indicates that a firm negatively adapts a regulation change on undesirable outputs. In contrast, the managerial disposability indicates that a firm positively adapts the regulation change because the firm considers the regulation change as a new business opportunity. - Highlights: ► This study proposes three disable procedures. ► The disposability is separated into natural and managerial disposability. ► All extensions have large applicability in energy policy.

iDEAS: A web-based system for dry eye assessment.

Science.gov (United States)

Remeseiro, Beatriz; Barreira, Noelia; García-Resúa, Carlos; Lira, Madalena; Giráldez, María J; Yebra-Pimentel, Eva; Penedo, Manuel G

2016-07-01

Dry eye disease is a public health problem, whose multifactorial etiology challenges clinicians and researchers making necessary the collaboration between different experts and centers. The evaluation of the interference patterns observed in the tear film lipid layer is a common clinical test used for dry eye diagnosis. However, it is a time-consuming task with a high degree of intra- as well as inter-observer variability, which makes the use of a computer-based analysis system highly desirable. This work introduces iDEAS (Dry Eye Assessment System), a web-based application to support dry eye diagnosis. iDEAS provides a framework for eye care experts to collaboratively work using image-based services in a distributed environment. It is composed of three main components: the web client for user interaction, the web application server for request processing, and the service module for image analysis. Specifically, this manuscript presents two automatic services: tear film classification, which classifies an image into one interference pattern; and tear film map, which illustrates the distribution of the patterns over the entire tear film. iDEAS has been evaluated by specialists from different institutions to test its performance. Both services have been evaluated in terms of a set of performance metrics using the annotations of different experts. Note that the processing time of both services has been also measured for efficiency purposes. iDEAS is a web-based application which provides a fast, reliable environment for dry eye assessment. The system allows practitioners to share images, clinical information and automatic assessments between remote computers. Additionally, it save time for experts, diminish the inter-expert variability and can be used in both clinical and research settings. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Frente a una economía deshumanizada: alternativas para los ‘de abajo’

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Los de abajo

2000-04-01

Full Text Available Según las estadísticas oficiales el país tiene tres millones de desempleados, cifra equivalente a 20% de la población económicamente activa –PEA–. ¿Cuáles son las medidas económicas que es preciso tomar de inmediato para redimir a los desempleados? ¿Cuáles son las prioridades que deben imponer al sector público? ¿Cuáles son las inversiones que se habrá de priorizar? ¿Cómo conseguir la activación del potencial humano y material hoy esquilmado en beneficio del 3% de la población que usufructúa la riqueza del país?

A Two-Stage DEA to Analyze the Effect of Entrance Deregulation on Iranian Insurers: A Robust Approach

OpenAIRE

Jalali Naini, Seyed Gholamreza; Nouralizadeh, Hamid Reza

2012-01-01

We use two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) model to analyze the effects of entrance deregulation on the efficiency in the Iranian insurance market. In the first stage, we propose a robust optimization approach in order to overcome the sensitivity of DEA results to any uncertainty in the output parameters. Hence, the efficiency of each ongoing insurer is estimated using our proposed robust DEA model. The insurers are then ranked based on their relative efficiency scores for an eight-year...

A generalized cost Malmquist index in DEA for DMUs with negative data

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Ghasem Tohidi

2014-10-01

Full Text Available In some data envelopment analysis (DEA applications, some inputs of DMUs have negative values with positive cost. This paper generalizes the global cost Malmquist productivity index to compare the productivity of different DMUs with negative inputs in any two periods of times under variable returns to scale (VRS technology, and then the generalized index is decomposed to several components. The obtained components are computed using the nonparametric linear programming models, known as DEA. To illustrate the generalized index and its components, a numerical example at three successive periods of time is given.

Performance of Hollow Fiber Membrane Gas-Liquid Contactors to Absorb CO2 Using Diethanolamine (Dea as a Solvent

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Sutrasno Kartohardjono

2010-10-01

Full Text Available This study uses DEA solution to absorb CO2 from the gas flow through the hollow fiber membrane contactors. This study aims to evaluate the performance of hollow fiber membrane contactors to absorb CO2 gas using DEA solution as solvent through mass transfer and hydrodynamics studies. The use of DEA solution is to reduce the mass transfer resistance in the liquid phase, and on the other side, the large contact area of the membrane surface can cover the disadvantage of membrane contactors; additional mass transfer resistance in the membrane phase. During experiments, CO2 feed flows through the fiber lumens, while the 0.01 M DEA solution flows in the shell side of membrane contactors. Experimental results show that the mass transfer coefficients and fluxes of CO2 increase with an increase in both water and DEA solution flow rates. Increasing the amount of fibers in the contactors will decrease the mass transfer and fluxes at the same DEA solution flow rate. Mass transfer coefficients and CO2 fluxes using DEA solution can achieve 28,000 and 7.6 million times greater than using water as solvent, respectively. Hydrodynamics studies show that the liquid pressure drops in the contactors increase with increasing liquid flow rate and number of fibers in the contactors. The friction between water and the fibers in the contactor was more pronounced at lower velocities, and therefore, the value of the friction factor is also higher at lower velocities.

Carbon emission analysis and evaluation of industrial departments in China: An improved environmental DEA cross model based on information entropy.

Science.gov (United States)

Han, Yongming; Long, Chang; Geng, Zhiqiang; Zhang, Keyu

2018-01-01

Environmental protection and carbon emission reduction play a crucial role in the sustainable development procedure. However, the environmental efficiency analysis and evaluation based on the traditional data envelopment analysis (DEA) cross model is subjective and inaccurate, because all elements in a column or a row of the cross evaluation matrix (CEM) in the traditional DEA cross model are given the same weight. Therefore, this paper proposes an improved environmental DEA cross model based on the information entropy to analyze and evaluate the carbon emission of industrial departments in China. The information entropy is applied to build the entropy distance based on the turbulence of the whole system, and calculate the weights in the CEM of the environmental DEA cross model in a dynamic way. The theoretical results show that the new weight constructed based on the information entropy is unique and optimal globally by using the Monte Carlo simulation. Finally, compared with the traditional environmental DEA and DEA cross model, the improved environmental DEA cross model has a better efficiency discrimination ability based on the data of industrial departments in China. Moreover, the proposed model can obtain the potential of carbon emission reduction of industrial departments to improve the energy efficiency. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Derivation of a No-Significant-Risk-Level (NSRL) for diethanolamine (DEA).

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Bingxuan; Amacher, David E; Whittaker, Margaret H

2014-02-01

Diethanolamine (DEA) has been listed on the State of California's Proposition 65 List. This listing is based in part on tumors reported in a National Toxicology Program (NTP) 2-year dermal carcinogenicity study in mice which found clear evidence of carcinogenic activity in B6C3F₁ mice based on increased incidences of liver neoplasms in both sexes, and increased incidences of renal tubule neoplasms in males. Although considerable controversy exists on the relevance of the NTP study to humans, industries are obligated to comply with the Proposition 65 labeling requirement and drinking water discharge prohibition, unless they are able to demonstrate that DEA levels in their products are below a specific No Significant Risk Level (NSRL). The State of California has not published an NSRL for DEA. In this article, a NSRL of 5.6 μg/day and a life-stage-adjusted NSRL(adj) of 1.4 μg/day are derived from the NTP carcinogenicity study using a benchmark dose modeling method based on the incidence of hepatocellular carcinomas in female mice, in accordance with the guidelines of California EPA. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Ranking DMUs by Comparing DEA Cross-Efficiency Intervals Using Entropy Measures

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Tim Lu

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Cross-efficiency evaluation, an extension of data envelopment analysis (DEA, can eliminate unrealistic weighing schemes and provide a ranking for decision making units (DMUs. In the literature, the determination of input and output weights uniquely receives more attentions. However, the problem of choosing the aggressive (minimal or benevolent (maximal formulation for decision-making might still remain. In this paper, we develop a procedure to perform cross-efficiency evaluation without the need to make any specific choice of DEA weights. The proposed procedure takes into account the aggressive and benevolent formulations at the same time, and the choice of DEA weights can then be avoided. Consequently, a number of cross-efficiency intervals is obtained for each DMU. The entropy, which is based on information theory, is an effective tool to measure the uncertainty. We then utilize the entropy to construct a numerical index for DMUs with cross-efficiency intervals. A mathematical program is proposed to find the optimal entropy values of DMUs for comparison. With the derived entropy value, we can rank DMUs accordingly. Two examples are illustrated to show the effectiveness of the idea proposed in this paper.

Exploiting Stretchable Metallic Springs as Compliant Electrodes for Cylindrical Dielectric Elastomer Actuators (DEAs

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Chien-Hao Liu

2017-11-01

Full Text Available In recent years, dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs have been widely used in soft robots and artificial bio-medical applications. Most DEAs are composed of a thin dielectric elastomer layer sandwiched between two compliant electrodes. DEAs vary in their design to provide bending, torsional, and stretch/contraction motions under the application of high external voltages. Most compliant electrodes are made of carbon powders or thin metallic films. In situations involving large deformations or improper fabrication, the electrodes are susceptible to breakage and increased resistivity. The worst cases result in a loss of conductivity and functional failure. In this study, we developed a method by which to exploit stretchable metallic springs as compliant electrodes for cylindrical DEAs. This design was inspired by the extensibility of mechanical springs. The main advantage of this approach is the fact that the metallic spring-like compliant electrodes remain conductive and do not increase the stiffness as the tube-like DEAs elongate in the axial direction. This can be attributed to a reduction in thickness in the radial direction. The proposed cylindrical structure is composed of highly-stretchable VHB 4905 film folded within a hollow tube and then sandwiched between copper springs (inside and outside to allow for stretching and contraction in the axial direction under the application of high DC voltages. We fabricated a prototype and evaluated the mechanical and electromechanical properties of the device experimentally using a high-voltage source of 9.9 kV. This device demonstrated a non-linear increase in axial stretching with an increase in applied voltage, reaching a maximum extension of 0.63 mm (axial strain of 2.35% at applied voltage of 9.9 kV. Further miniaturization and the incorporation of compressive springs are expected to allow the implementation of the proposed method in soft micro-robots and bio-mimetic applications.

An application of DEA method for ranking different Tehran municipality branches

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Seyed Hossein Miri

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Measuring the performance of governmental organizations plays essential role on making strategic decisions. In this paper, we present an empirical investigation to measure the performance of 22 different branches of municipalities in city of Tehran, Iran. The proposed study uses data envelopment analysis (DEA for measuring the relative efficiencies of various units. The proposed DEA uses fixed assets, employee expenses and total income as input and Green Space Development, Resumption and Waste, Development of Cultural Spaces as well as Improvement of Passages and highways are considered as the output of the model. The results indicate that 9 regions were operating efficiently and 14 regions were inefficient.

Combining AHP and DEA Methods for Selecting a Project Manager

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Baruch Keren

2014-07-01

Full Text Available A project manager has a major influence on the success or failure of the project. A good project manager can match between the strategy and objectives of the organization and the goals of the project. Therefore, the selection of the appropriate project manager is a key factor for the success of the project. A potential project manager is judged by his or her proven performance and personal qualifications. This paper proposes a method to calculate the weighted scores and the full rank of candidates for managing a project, and to select the best of those candidates. The proposed method combines specific methodologies: the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA and the Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP and uses DEA Ranking Methods to enhance selection.

Non-ionic, thermo-responsive DEA/DMA nanogels: synthesis, characterization, and use for DNA separations by microchip electrophoresis.

Science.gov (United States)

Lu, Xihua; Sun, Mingyun; Barron, Annelise E

2011-05-15

Thermo-responsive polymer "nanogels" (crosslinked hydrogel particles with sub-100 nm diameters) are intriguing for many potential applications in biotechnology and medicine. There have been relatively few reports of electrostatically neutral, thermosensitive nanogels comprising a high fraction of hydrophilic co-monomer. Here we demonstrate the syntheses and characterization of novel, non-ionic nanogels based on random N,N-diethylacrylamide (DEA)/N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) copolymers, made by free-radical, surfactant-free dispersion polymerization. The volume-phase transition temperatures of these DEA/DMA nanogels are strongly affected by co-monomer composition, providing a way to "tune" the phase transition temperature of these non-ionic nanogels. While DEA nanogels (comprising no DMA) can be obtained at 70 °C by standard emulsion precipitation, DEA/DMA random co-polymer nanogels can be obtained only in a particular range of temperatures, above the initial phase transition temperature and below the critical precipitation temperature of the DEA/DMA copolymer, controlled by co-monomer composition. Increasing percentages of DMA in the nanogels raises the phase transition temperature, and attenuates and broadens it as well. We find that concentrated DEA/DMA nanogel dispersions are optically clear at room temperature. This good optical clarity was exploited for their use in a novel DNA sieving matrix for microfluidic chip electrophoresis. An ultrafast, high-efficiency dsDNA separation was achieved in less than 120 s for dsDNA ranging from 75 bp to 15,000 bp. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Relação entre índice tornozelo-braquial e doença aterosclerótica carotídea

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Augusto Cezar Lacerda Brasileiro

2013-05-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: A associação do índice tornozelo-braquial (ITB com a medida do complexo médio intimal das artérias carótidas (MCMI não está amplamente estudada. OBJETIVO: Objetivamos avaliar se pacientes com ITB 0,9. MÉTODOS: No período de janeiro a dezembro de 2011, recrutamos 118 pacientes (48 homens e 70 mulheres que tiveram seus ITB e MCMI mensurados. Os pacientes foram divididos em grupo 1 (ITB 0,9. Utilizamos os testes de Mann-Whitney, qui-quadrado e Fischer para comparações entre os grupos. Para avaliar correlação entre ITB e MCMI empregamos a correlação de Pearson. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de ITB 1,5 mm de 34,7%. Não houve diferença de características clínicas entre os grupos 1 e 2: idade média (64 ± 9 vs. 62 ± 7,2 anos, p = 0,1, homens (40% vs. 41%, p = 0,9, hipertensão (74% vs. 59%, p = 0,1, diabetes melito (54% vs. 35%, p = 0,051, dislipidemia 26% vs. 24%, p = 0,8, tabagismo (57% vs. 65%, p = 0,4. A prevalência de placa carotídea foi maior no grupo 1 (48,6% vs. 28,9%, p = 0,04. A correlação de Pearson entre o ITB e a MCMI foi de - 0,235, com valor de p = 0,01. CONCLUSÕES: Pacientes com ITB < 0,9 apresentaram maior prevalência de aterosclerose carotídea. Houve correlação negativa entre o ITB e a MCMI.

La eficiencia de las televisiones públicas en España: la aplicación del DEA como modelo de medición

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María Soledad Campos Lucena

2013-01-01

Full Text Available La eficiencia de la gestión de los recursos públicos, supone unos de los pilares básicos de la economía. El objetivo del presente artículo es medir la eficiencia en el uso de dichos recursos en las televisiones públicas autonómicas en España. Para realizar dicho estudio se utilizó el DEA (Análisis Envolvente de Datos como técnica de análisis, lo que permitió comprobar la eficiencia o ineficiencia de dichas entidades y proponer las medidas de ajuste necesarias para conseguir la eficiencia. A partir de los datos analizados se concluye que no todas las firmas presentan eficiencia técnica y mucho menos eficiencia a escala.

Benchmarking of Generation and Distribution Units in Nepal Using Modified DEA Models

Science.gov (United States)

Jha, Deependra Kumar; Yorino, Naoto; Zoka, Yoshifumi

This paper analyzes the performance of Nepalese Electricity Supply Industry (ESI) by investigating the relative operational efficiencies of the generating stations as well as the Distribution Centers (DCs) of the Integrated Nepal Power System (INPS). Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA), a state owned utility, owns and operates the INPS. Performance evaluation of both generation and distribution systems is carried out by formulating suitable weight restriction type Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models. The models include a wide range of inputs and outputs representing essence of the respective processes. Decision maker's preferences as well as available quantitative information associated with the operation of the Decision Making Units (DMUs) are judiciously incorporated in the DEA models. The proposed models are realized through execution of computer programs written in General Algebraic Modeling Systems (GAMS) and the results obtained are thus compared against those from the conventional DEA models. Sensitivity analysis is performed in order to check the robustness of the results as well as to identify the improvement directions for DMUs. Ranking of the DMUs has been presented based on their average overall efficiency scores.

Simulation and modeling CO2 absorption in biogas with DEA promoted K2CO3 solution in packed column

Science.gov (United States)

Nurkhamidah, Siti; Altway, Ali; Airlangga, Bramantyo; Emilia, Dwi Putri

2017-05-01

Absorption of carbon dioxide (CO2) using potassium carbonate (K2CO3) is one of biogas purification method. However, K2CO3 have slow mass transfer in liquid phase. So it is necessary to eliminate the disadvantage of CO2 absorption using K2CO3 by adding promotor (activator). Diethanol amine (DEA) is one of promotor which can increase its reaction rate. Simulation and modeling research of the CO2 absorption from biogas with DEA promoted K2CO3 solution has not been conducted. Thus, the main goal of this research is create model and simulation for the CO2 absorption from biogas with DEA promoted K2CO3 solution, then observe the influence of promoter concentration. DEA concentration varies between 1-5 %wt. From the simulation, we concluded that the CO2 removal rise with the increasing of promoter concentration. The highest CO2 removal is 54.5318 % at 5 % wt DEA concentration.

Nuclei and models, 2001-2003. DEA fields, particles and matter; Noyaux et modeles, 2001-2003. DEA champs, particules, matieres

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sida, J.L

2003-07-01

This document gathers a series of 6 lessons dedicated to students in the first year of their thesis (DEA) in fields and particles physics: 1) the extent of nuclear physics, 2) the nucleus as a cluster of interacting fermions, 3) models and deformation, 4) nuclei and rotation, 5) isospin and exotic nuclei, and 6) fission reactions from the saddle point to the scission point.

Uma abordagem via análise envoltória de dados para o estabelecimento de melhorias em segurança baseadas na FMEA A data envelopment analysis approach to safety improvements based on FMEA

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Pauli Adriano de Almada Garcia

2013-03-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho apresenta uma abordagem baseada em análise envoltória de dados (Data Envelopment Analysis - DEA para estabelecer direcionamentos de melhoria para os modos de falhas identificados na análise dos modos e efeitos de falha (FMEA. A abordagem tradicional da FMEA baseia-se num número de priorização de riscos que vem sendo alvo de inúmeras críticas embasadas em diversos artigos científicos. No presente trabalho, o número de priorização de risco é baseado em DEA. Por meio desse número de priorização de risco DEA, considerando-se o conceito de fronteira de eficiência, serão identificadas diretrizes de melhoria para os modos de falha com base nos índices de risco estabelecidos pela equipe executora da FMEA. Por meio dos resultados alcançados nas duas aplicações práticas, pode-se demonstrar a eficácia da abordagem proposta para tratar essa classe de problemas.The present study presents a data envelopment analysis (DEA based approach to establish guidelines for the improvement of the failure modes identified by a failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA. The traditional FMEA approach is based on risk priority number (RPN, which has been target of scientific criticism. In the present study, the RPN is based on DEA and considers the concept of efficiency frontier. Based on this concept and on the risk indexes, some improvement directives for the failure modes can be established. The obtained results concerning the two practical applications demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in dealing with this kind of problem.

Influência da qualidade de luz e silício no crescimento in vitro de orquídeas nativas e híbridas

OpenAIRE

Pasqual,Moacir; Soares,Joyce DR; Rodrigues,Filipe A; Araujo,Aparecida G de; Santos,Roseneide R dos

2011-01-01

Objetivou-se avaliar a influência do ambiente de cultivo e de concentrações de silicato de cálcio no crescimento in vitro de uma espécie nativa de orquídea (Brassavola perrine) e de um híbrido [(Laelia cattleya Culminant "Tuilerie" x Laelia cattleya Sons Atout Rotunda) x Brassolaelia cattleya Startifire Moon Beach]. Plântulas oriundas de sementes germinadas in vitro com aproximadamente 0,5 cm de comprimento foram inoculadas em frascos com capacidade para 250 mL contendo 60 mL de meio de cultu...

Resource and environment efficiency analysis of provinces in China: A DEA approach based on Shannon's entropy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bian Yiwen; Yang Feng

2010-01-01

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) has been widely used in energy efficiency and environment efficiency analysis in recent years. Based on the existing environment DEA technology, this paper presents several DEA models for estimating the aggregated efficiency of resource and environment. These models can evaluate DMUs' energy efficiencies and environment efficiencies simultaneously. However, efficiency ranking results obtained from these models are not the same, and each model can provide some valuable information of DMUs' efficiencies, which we could not ignore. Under this situation, it may be hard for us to choose a specific model in practice. To address this kind of performance evaluation problem, the current paper extends Shannon-DEA procedure to establish a comprehensive efficiency measure for appraising DMUs' resource and environment efficiencies. In the proposed approach, the measure for evaluating a model's importance degree is provided, and the targets setting approach of inputs/outputs for DMU managers to improve DMUs' energy and environmental efficiencies is also discussed. We illustrate the proposed approach using real data set of 30 provinces in China.

A Two-Stage DEA to Analyze the Effect of Entrance Deregulation on Iranian Insurers: A Robust Approach

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Seyed Gholamreza Jalali Naini

2012-01-01

Full Text Available We use two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA model to analyze the effects of entrance deregulation on the efficiency in the Iranian insurance market. In the first stage, we propose a robust optimization approach in order to overcome the sensitivity of DEA results to any uncertainty in the output parameters. Hence, the efficiency of each ongoing insurer is estimated using our proposed robust DEA model. The insurers are then ranked based on their relative efficiency scores for an eight-year period from 2003 to 2010. In the second stage, a comprehensive statistical analysis using generalized estimating equations (GEE is conducted to analyze some other factors which could possibly affect the efficiency scores. The first results from DEA model indicate a decline in efficiency over the entrance deregulation period while further statistical analysis confirms that the solvency ignorance which is a widespread paradigm among state owned companies is one of the main drivers of efficiency in the Iranian insurance market.

Germinación simbiótica y asimbiótica en semillas de orquídeas epifitas Symbiotic vs. asymbiotic seed germination in epiphytic orchids

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Joel Tupac Otero Ospina

2009-10-01

Full Text Available Se compara el crecimiento de plántulas de la orquídeas epifita Tolumnia variegata en medios de agar con y sin hongos micorrízicos. Los métodos de germinación simbiótica produjeron embriones de T. variegata más desarrollados que los métodos de germinación asimbiótica y las diferencias fueron estadísticamente significativas. Las semillas en los controles en medio de celulosa sin hongos micorrízicos no germinaron. Las semillas de Epidendrum ramosum, Lepanthes rupestris y Psychilis monensis no mostraron diferencias significativas en germinación entre métodos simbiótica y asimbiótica utilizando hongos aislados de raíces de T. variegata, incluso algunos aislados del grupo Rhizoctonia parasitaron las semillas. Los resultados sugieren que las semillas de orquídeas epifitas y sus hongos micorrízicos son más específicos de lo que anteriormente se había creído y por tanto es necesario utilizar los hongos específicos para cada especie de orquídea. Además, se sugiere que los cultivadores de orquídeas podrían obtener mejores resultados en la propagación de orquídeas epifitas si utilizan metodologías de germinación simbiótica apropiados.We compared seedling growth of the epiphytic orchid, Tolumnia variegata in agar media with and without inoculated mycorrhizal fungi. Symbiotic germination produced more-developed embryos than asymbiotic germination. Differences were highly significant, although some isolates of Rhizoctonia-like fungi were parasitic on seeds. Control seeds in a cellulose medium without Rhizoctonia-like fungi did not germinate. Seeds of Epidendrum ramosum, Lepanthes rupestris and Psychilis monensis showed no significant differences between asymbiotic and symbiotic germination using mycorrhizal fungi isolated from T. variegata roots, suggesting high mycorrhizal specificity. Our data suggest that the relationship between epiphytic orchids and the mycorrhizal fungi is more specific than previously thought. The use of

Internet consumer value research based on DEA%基于 DEA 的网络消费者价值研究

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

耿文莉; 魏秀安

2016-01-01

The RFMPS model was put forward based on the RFM model in this paper , the in-dex system became more perfect .The DEA cross evaluation method was selected to make relative effective evaluation on different consumers ’ buying behavior in the same enterprise . At the same time , the DEA cross evaluation method takes into consideration that the different indicators have different influence on consumers , and the calculation of index weight was ob-jective, and it made the results more accurate .%在RFM模型基础上提出了RFMPS模型，使得指标体系更加完善，方法上运用DEA交叉评价法，来进行同一企业中不同消费者购买行为的相对有效性评价。同时，DEA交叉评价法考虑到了不同的指标对消费者的影响程度不同，指标权重计算具有客观性，使得计算结果更加准确。

Multi Laser Pulse Investigation of the DEAS Concept in Hypersonic Flow

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Minucci, M.A.S.; Toro, P.G.P.; Oliveira, A.C.; Chanes, J.B. Jr.; Ramos, A.G.; Nagamatsu, H.T.; Myrabo, L.N.

2004-01-01

The present paper presents recent experimental results on the Laser-Supported Directed Energy 'Air Spike' - DEAS in hypersonic flow achieved by the Laboratory of Aerothermodynamics and Hypersonics - LAH, Brazil. Two CO2 TEA lasers, sharing the same optical cavity, have been used in conjunction with the IEAv 0.3m Hypersonic Shock Tunnel - HST to demonstrate the Laser-Supported DEAS concept. A single and double laser pulse, generated during the tunnel useful test time, were focused through a NaCl lens upstream of a Double Apollo Disc model fitted with seven piezoelectric pressure transducers and six platinum thin film heat transfer gauges. The objective being to corroborate previous results as well as to obtain additional pressure and heat flux distributions information when two laser pulses are used

Assessing efficiency and effectiveness of Malaysian Islamic banks: A two stage DEA analysis

Science.gov (United States)

Kamarudin, Norbaizura; Ismail, Wan Rosmanira; Mohd, Muhammad Azri

2014-06-01

Islamic banks in Malaysia are indispensable players in the financial industry with the growing needs for syariah compliance system. In the banking industry, most recent studies concerned only on operational efficiency. However rarely on the operational effectiveness. Since the production process of banking industry can be described as a two-stage process, two-stage Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) can be applied to measure the bank performance. This study was designed to measure the overall performance in terms of efficiency and effectiveness of Islamic banks in Malaysia using Two-Stage DEA approach. This paper presents analysis of a DEA model which split the efficiency and effectiveness in order to evaluate the performance of ten selected Islamic Banks in Malaysia for the financial year period ended 2011. The analysis shows average efficient score is more than average effectiveness score thus we can say that Malaysian Islamic banks were more efficient rather than effective. Furthermore, none of the bank exhibit best practice in both stages as we can say that a bank with better efficiency does not always mean having better effectiveness at the same time.

Extended performance evaluation based on DEA a multidimensional point of view

CERN Document Server

Neumann, Ludmila

2017-01-01

This book introduces new methodological developments of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) that satisfy the demands of business practice and provide a multidimensional point of view on the evaluation of organizational performance.

Acianthera hygrophila(Orchidaceae, nuevo registro para Uruguay

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Andrés J. Rossado

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Se reporta por primera vez para la flora de Uruguay la orquídea epífita Acianthera hygrophila (Barb. Rodr. Pridgeon & M.W. Chase. La misma fue hallada en el bosque ribereño del Río Yaguarón en el este del departamento de Cerro Largo próximo al límite con Brasil. Este registro representa el límite sur de distribución de la especie. Se presenta una descripción ampliada, ilustración y mapa de distribución de A. hygrophila, así como una clave para la identificación de las especies de Acianthera presentes en Uruguay

An integrated DEA PCA numerical taxonomy approach for energy efficiency assessment and consumption optimization in energy intensive manufacturing sectors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Azadeh, A.; Amalnick, M.S.; Ghaderi, S.F.; Asadzadeh, S.M.

2007-01-01

This paper introduces an integrated approach based on data envelopment analysis (DEA), principal component analysis (PCA) and numerical taxonomy (NT) for total energy efficiency assessment and optimization in energy intensive manufacturing sectors. Total energy efficiency assessment and optimization of the proposed approach considers structural indicators in addition conventional consumption and manufacturing sector output indicators. The validity of the DEA model is verified and validated by PCA and NT through Spearman correlation experiment. Moreover, the proposed approach uses the measure-specific super-efficiency DEA model for sensitivity analysis to determine the critical energy carriers. Four energy intensive manufacturing sectors are discussed in this paper: iron and steel, pulp and paper, petroleum refining and cement manufacturing sectors. To show superiority and applicability, the proposed approach has been applied to refinery sub-sectors of some OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) countries. This study has several unique features which are: (1) a total approach which considers structural indicators in addition to conventional energy efficiency indicators; (2) a verification and validation mechanism for DEA by PCA and NT and (3) utilization of DEA for total energy efficiency assessment and consumption optimization of energy intensive manufacturing sectors

La Dea Roma de Segóbriga

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Martín ALMAGRO-GORBEA

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Una hermosa escultura romana a la que hemos creído podríamos llamar desde ahora la «Dea Roma de Segóbriga», realizada en mármol blanco. Ahora ofrece una acusada pátina de color hueso. Mide 1,95 m. de altura, 0,69 de anchura máxima y 0,54 de grueso en su parte más voluminosa. Se conserva en el Museo de Cuenca.

Production of electronically excited NO via DEA to NO2

Science.gov (United States)

Gope, Krishnendu; Tadsare, Vishvesh; Prabhudesai, Vaibhav S.; Krishnakumar, E.

2017-12-01

Dissociative electron attachment (DEA) to NO2 in the 7-11 eV range is studied using velocity slice imaging technique. Two distinct channels are observed in the DEA corresponding to O- + NO(A 2Σ+) and O- + NO(C 2Π and/or D 2Σ+). While NO(A 2Σ+) is found to be formed only in very high vibrational levels, NO(C 2Π and/or D 2Σ+) is found to be formed with vibrational distribution starting from v = 0. From the angular distribution of the O- ions leading to the NO(C 2Π and/or D 2Σ+) channel, we obtain the symmetry of the negative ion resonance to be dominantly B1 with small contribution from B2. Contribution to the Topical Issue: "Low Energy Positron and Electron Interactions", edited by James Sullivan, Ron White, Michael Bromley, Ilya Fabrikant, and David Cassidy.

Un modelo ofensivo-defensivo para establecer un rating de equipos de fútbol

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Sala Garrido, Ramon

2009-01-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN En este trabajo presentamos un método para ordenar los equipos de la Liga de Fútbol Profesional Española. Se determinan unos inputs y unos outputs que permiten evaluar eficiencia defensiva y ofensiva, tanto en casa como fuera de casa, de cada club. La técnica utilizada se basa en los modelos de Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA. A partir de los scores de eficiencia de cada club se obtiene una valoración y ordenación de los clubes (rating de las ligas 2001/02 hasta 2007/08 y se muestra su potencial aplicabilidad para la formulación de predicciones.ABSTRACT In this paper we present an algorithm to rank the teams of the Spanish Professional Football League. Inputs and outputs allowing the evaluation of defensive and offensive efficiencies for each club (home and away. The method is based on Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA. From the efficiency score of each team, a valuation and ranking/rating for the seasons 2001/02 until 2007/08 is obtained. Finally, our procedure is applied to prediction making.

Measuring China’s regional energy and carbon emission efficiency with DEA models: A survey

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Meng, Fanyi; Su, Bin; Thomson, Elspeth; Zhou, Dequn; Zhou, P.

2016-01-01

Highlights: • China’s regional efficiency studies using data envelopment analysis are reviewed. • The main features of 46 studies published in 2006–2015 are summarized. • Six models are compared from the perspective of methodology and empirical results. • Empirical study of China’s 30 regional efficiency assessment in 1995–2012 is presented. - Abstract: The use of data envelopment analysis (DEA) in China’s regional energy efficiency and carbon emission efficiency (EE&CE) assessment has received increasing attention in recent years. This paper conducted a comprehensive survey of empirical studies published in 2006–2015 on China’s regional EE&CE assessment using DEA-type models. The main features used in previous studies were identified, and then the methodological framework for deriving the EE&CE indicators as well as six widely used DEA models were introduced. These DEA models were compared and applied to measure China’s regional EE&CE in 30 provinces/regions between 1995 and 2012. The empirical study indicates that China’s regional EE&CE remained stable in the 9th Five Year Plan (1996–2000), then decreased in the 10th Five Year Plan (2000–2005), and increased a bit in the 11th Five Year Plan (2006–2010). The east region of China had the highest EE&CE while the central area had the lowest. By way of conclusion, some useful points relating to model selection are summarized from both methodological and empirical aspects.

Measuring health indicators and allocating health resources: a DEA-based approach.

Science.gov (United States)

Yang, Chih-Ching

2016-02-03

This paper suggests new empirical DEA models for the measurement of health indicators and the allocation of health resources. The proposed models were developed by first suggesting a population-based health indicator. By introducing the suggested indicator into DEA models, a new approach that solves the problem of health resource allocation has been developed. The proposed models are applied to an empirical study of Taiwan's health system. Empirical findings show that the suggested indicator can successfully accommodate the differences in health resource demands between populations, providing more reliable performance information than traditional indicators such as physician density. Using our models and a commonly used allocation mechanism, capitation, to allocate medical expenditures, it is found that the proposed model always obtains higher performance than those derived from capitation, and the superiority increases as allocated expenditures rise.

Super-Efficiency and Sensitivity Analysis Based on Input-Oriented DEA-R

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M. R. Mozaffari∗

2012-03-01

Full Text Available This paper suggests a method of finding super-efficiency scores and modification of input-oriented models for sensitivity analysis of decision making units. First, by using DEA-R (ratiobased DEA models in the input orientation, the models of superefficiency and also models of super-efficiency modification are suggested. Second, the worst-case scenarios are considered where the efficiency of the test DMU is deteriorating while the efficiencies of the other DMUs are improving. Then, by combining these two ideas, a model is suggested which increases the super-efficiency score and modifies the change ranges in order to preserve the performance class. In the end, the super-efficiency and change interval of efficient decision making units for 23 branches of Zone 1 of the Islamic Azad University are calculated

Challenging an immediate suspension of a DEA registration: is it time for a new tact?

Science.gov (United States)

Behr, Douglas J

2014-01-01

A Drug Enforcement Administration ("DEA") registration is not only a necessity, but also an invaluable commodity for doctors, pharmacists, hospitals and drug wholesalers who prescribe, stock, and distribute controlled substances. While the DEA may only suspend a registration by issuing an immediate suspension order ("ISO) after an ex parte finding of "imminent danger to the public health or safety," the law fails to explicitly protect the registrant by way of a post-suspension hearing on the ISO, despite the registrant's constitutionally protected property interest in the registration. A registrant has only two procedural options--which are often unsuccessful--to challenge the ISO: endure a long and arduous administrative review proceeding or petition the court for a "not-so-easily proven" injunction, all the while the suspension remains in effect and the controlled substance business operations cease. Accordingly, a suspension of the registration may be certain death to doctors and pharmacists without the financial means to operate the business in the absence of the registration. Because the DEA registration is a constitutionally-protected interest, there is a better way to challenge the suspension. The Supreme Court has held that once a license is issued, the continued possession of it is essential to the registrant's livelihood. Therefore suspension or revocation of such a protected interest requires due process. Due-process hearings, while varied, will provide the necessary avenues of review to provide a fair review of the justification of the suspension and its continuance, i.e., whether there truly is imminent danger to public health or safety and whether the suspension is overbroad and should be limited. To date, this thesis remains to be tested and awaits a petitioner with a justiciable claim and the financial resources to challenge the DEA in court. But in the field of DEA ISO challenges, it is time for a new tact!

Energy efficiency analysis method based on fuzzy DEA cross-model for ethylene production systems in chemical industry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Han, Yongming; Geng, Zhiqiang; Zhu, Qunxiong; Qu, Yixin

2015-01-01

DEA (data envelopment analysis) has been widely used for the efficiency analysis of industrial production process. However, the conventional DEA model is difficult to analyze the pros and cons of the multi DMUs (decision-making units). The DEACM (DEA cross-model) can distinguish the pros and cons of the effective DMUs, but it is unable to take the effect of the uncertainty data into account. This paper proposes an efficiency analysis method based on FDEACM (fuzzy DEA cross-model) with Fuzzy Data. The proposed method has better objectivity and resolving power for the decision-making. First we obtain the minimum, the median and the maximum values of the multi-criteria ethylene energy consumption data by the data fuzzification. On the basis of the multi-criteria fuzzy data, the benchmark of the effective production situations and the improvement directions of the ineffective of the ethylene plants under different production data configurations are obtained by the FDEACM. The experimental result shows that the proposed method can improve the ethylene production conditions and guide the efficiency of energy utilization during ethylene production process. - Highlights: • This paper proposes an efficiency analysis method based on FDEACM (fuzzy DEA cross-model) with data fuzzification. • The proposed method is more efficient and accurate than other methods. • We obtain an energy efficiency analysis framework and process based on FDEACM in ethylene production industry. • The proposed method is valid and efficient in improvement of energy efficiency in the ethylene plants

Equity portfolio optimization: A DEA based methodology applied to the Zagreb Stock Exchange

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Margareta Gardijan

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Most strategies for selection portfolios focus on utilizing solely market data and implicitly assume that stock markets communicate all relevant information to all market stakeholders, and that these markets cannot be influenced by investor activities. However convenient, this is a limited approach, especially when applied to small and illiquid markets such as the Croatian market, where such assumptions are hardly realistic. Thus, there is a demand for including other sources of data, such as financial reports. Research poses the question of whether financial ratios as criteria for stock selection are of any use to Croatian investors. Financial and market data from selected publicly companies listed on the Croatian capital market are used. A two-stage portfolio selection strategy is applied, where the first stage involves selecting stocks based on the respective Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA efficiency scores. DEA models are becoming popular in stock portfolio selection given that the methodology includes numerous models that provide a great flexibility in selecting inputs and outputs, which in turn are considered as criteria for portfolio selection. Accordingly, there is much room for improvement of the current proposed strategies for selecting portfolios. In the second stage, two portfolio-weighting strategies are applied using equal proportions and score-weighting. To show whether these strategies create outstanding out–of–sample portfolios in time, time-dependent DEA Window Analysis is applied using a reference time of one year, and portfolio returns are compared with the market portfolio for each period. It is found that the financial data are a significant indicator of the future performance of a stock and a DEA-based portfolio strategy outperforms market return.

Allocation of Energy Consumption among Provinces in China: A Weighted ZSG-DEA Model

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Siqin Xiong

2017-11-01

Full Text Available To realize the sustainable development of energy, the Chinese government has formulated a series of national goals of total energy control and energy structure optimization. Under the national constraints, how to efficiently allocate the constrained total amount of energy consumption to each province is a fundamental problem to be solved. Based on a data envelopment analysis (DEA model and a zero-sum game theory (ZSG, this paper constructs a weighted zero-sum game data envelopment analysis (ZSG-DEA model to allocate the energy consumption quota. Additionally, this paper compares the results with the current administrative targets, to examine the efficiency and feasibility of each allocation mechanism. Finally, this paper employs the proposed model to determine the optimal energy structure for each province in China. The results indicate that by 2020, the national goal of energy structure adjustment will be realized, and energy structure will be diversified in most regions, whereas the coal-dominated status in primary energy consumption will not change. Additionally, the weighted ZSG-DEA model focuses on allocation efficiency while the government considers more regional economic disparity. Therefore, this study suggests a mixture of the two allocation mechanisms in accordance with specific conditions.

A Multiobjective Programming Method for Ranking All Units Based on Compensatory DEA Model

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Haifang Cheng

2014-01-01

Full Text Available In order to rank all decision making units (DMUs on the same basis, this paper proposes a multiobjective programming (MOP model based on a compensatory data envelopment analysis (DEA model to derive a common set of weights that can be used for the full ranking of all DMUs. We first revisit a compensatory DEA model for ranking all units, point out the existing problem for solving the model, and present an improved algorithm for which an approximate global optimal solution of the model can be obtained by solving a sequence of linear programming. Then, we applied the key idea of the compensatory DEA model to develop the MOP model in which the objectives are to simultaneously maximize all common weights under constraints that the sum of efficiency values of all DMUs is equal to unity and the sum of all common weights is also equal to unity. In order to solve the MOP model, we transform it into a single objective programming (SOP model using a fuzzy programming method and solve the SOP model using the proposed approximation algorithm. To illustrate the ranking method using the proposed method, two numerical examples are solved.

Estudio de la morbimortalidad en pacientes intervenidos de estenosis carotídea que precisan transfusión sanguínea

OpenAIRE

Ibáñez Maraña, María Antonia

2016-01-01

Se trata de un estudio retrospectivo en pacientes intervenidos de estenosis carotídea mediante la realización de endarterectomía carotídea. Estos pacientes han sido operados en el Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, en el periodo comprendido entre enero del 2012 y enero del 2014, ambos incluidos. Todos los pacientes operados de estenosis carotídea en dicho periodo fueron incluidos en el estudio, ya que no se precisa seguimiento de los mismos. Se analiza la morbimortalidad...

Evaluating the efficiency of municipalities in collecting and processing municipal solid waste: a shared input DEA-model.

Science.gov (United States)

Rogge, Nicky; De Jaeger, Simon

2012-10-01

This paper proposed an adjusted "shared-input" version of the popular efficiency measurement technique Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) that enables evaluating municipality waste collection and processing performances in settings in which one input (waste costs) is shared among treatment efforts of multiple municipal solid waste fractions. The main advantage of this version of DEA is that it not only provides an estimate of the municipalities overall cost efficiency but also estimates of the municipalities' cost efficiency in the treatment of the different fractions of municipal solid waste (MSW). To illustrate the practical usefulness of the shared input DEA-model, we apply the model to data on 293 municipalities in Flanders, Belgium, for the year 2008. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Services Provided to Military Dependents Who Are "Mentally Gifted" in the US Department of Defense (DoDEA) Schools

Science.gov (United States)

Bugaj, Stephen J.

2013-01-01

The US Department of Defense Education Activity (DoDEA) is a federal agency that provides educational services to military dependents in 12 foreign countries, seven states, Cuba, and Puerto Rico. Perhaps due to its restricted audience, the general public has limited knowledge of DoDEA services; moreover, empirical information about these services…

O uso do QFD como ferramenta para otimizar a usabilidade de produtos: um estudo exploratório

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Joici Paloma Genro

2015-05-01

Full Text Available O Desdobramento da Função Qualidade (QFD é uma ferramenta que em síntese utiliza a voz do consumidor para priorizar os principais requisitos dos clientes durante o desenvolvimento de produtos. A usabilidade dos produtos por ter relação direta com os requisitos e muitas vezes necessidades dos clientes, pode ser alcançada através da utilização de ferramentas como o QFD, que captam a voz do consumidor e definem as características mais importes do projeto. Neste contexto o objetivo deste trabalho é realizar um estudo teórico sobre a relação da utilização do QFD como ferramenta para otimizar a usabilidade de produtos, com foco em produtos de tecnologia da informação. Para isto foi realizada uma pesquisa teórica em trabalhos acadêmicos e artigos científicos onde se analisou a utilização do QFD no desenvolvimento de produtos e serviços. A pesquisa demonstrou que o QFD é uma ferramenta adequada para a definição dos requisitos dos produtos e entretanto, adequada para definir requisitos de usabilidade.

Long-term pretreatment with desethylamiodarone (DEA) or amiodarone (AMIO) protects against coronary artery occlusion induced ventricular arrhythmias in conscious rats.

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Morvay, Nikolett; Baczkó, István; Sztojkov-Ivanov, Anita; Falkay, György; Papp, Julius Gy; Varró, András; Leprán, István

2015-09-01

The aim of this investigation was to compare the effectiveness of long-term pretreatment with amiodarone (AMIO) and its active metabolite desethylamiodarone (DEA) on arrhythmias induced by acute myocardial infarction in rats. Acute myocardial infarction was induced in conscious, male, Sprague-Dawley rats by pulling a previously inserted loose silk loop around the left main coronary artery. Long-term oral pretreatment with AMIO (30 or 100 mg·(kg body mass)(-1)·day(-1), loading dose 100 or 300 mg·kg(-1) for 3 days) or DEA (15 or 50 mg·kg(-1)·day(-1), loading dose 100 or 300 mg·kg(-1) for 3 days), was applied for 1 month before the coronary artery occlusion. Chronic oral treatment with DEA (50 mg·kg(-1)·day(-1)) resulted in a similar myocardial DEA concentration as chronic AMIO treatment (100 mg·kg(-1)·day(-1)) in rats (7.4 ± 0.7 μg·g(-1) and 8.9 ± 2.2 μg·g(-1)). Both pretreatments in the larger doses significantly improved the survival rate during the acute phase of experimental myocardial infarction (82% and 64% by AMIO and DEA, respectively, vs. 31% in controls). Our results demonstrate that chronic oral treatment with DEA resulted in similar cardiac tissue levels to that of chronic AMIO treatment, and offered an equivalent degree of antiarrhythmic effect against acute coronary artery ligation induced ventricular arrhythmias in conscious rats.

Modeling and notation of DEA with strong and weak disposable outputs.

Science.gov (United States)

Kuntz, Ludwig; Sülz, Sandra

2011-12-01

Recent articles published in Health Care Management Science have described DEA applications under the assumption of strong and weak disposable outputs. As we confidently assume that these papers include some methodical deficiencies, we aim to illustrate a revised approach.

Indicadores de eficiencia relativa del proceso de gestión de crédito en un banco colombiano, mediante análisis envolvente de datos (DEA)

OpenAIRE

Sánchez-Gooding, Sandra Paola; Rodríguez-Lozano, Gloria Isabel

2016-01-01

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo medir la eficiencia relativa de las unidades que participan en el proceso de gestión de crédito de un banco colombiano, mediante la utilización del análisis envolvente de datos (Data Envelopment Analysis, DEA). Mediante un doble proceso de optimización, esta metodología de programación lineal avanzada genera un único índice de eficiencia relativa para cada una de las unidades estudiadas, aunque es capaz de incluir múltiples recursos y múltiples salidas....

On the use of DEA for software development productivity measurement

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Asmild, Mette; Imperatore, Francisco

2016-01-01

This paper first, based on a thorough review of the relevant literature, provides a general discussion of some of the many aspects one should consider when using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to measure the efficiency of software development. It then contains a case study which investigates a few...

Terapéuticas intervencionistas para el accidente cerebrovascular isquémico

OpenAIRE

Alejandra T. Rabadán; Luciano Sposato; Claudio Mazia

2010-01-01

En los últimos 20 años se han desarrollado nuevas opciones para el tratamiento y para la prevención del accidente cerebrovascular (ACV) isquémico, muchas de ellas de carácter intervencionista, tales como la endarterectomía carotídea y la trombolisis intravenosa con activador tisular del plasminógeno. La evidencia científica ha llevado a su difusión y utilización en países desarrollados mientras que en naciones emergentes se observa un retraso en su adopción. Otras modalidades terapéuticas que...

Modelo para redistribuição de cotas de emissão de gases do efeito estufa baseado em medidas de eficiência técnica Greenhouse gases emission quotas distribution model based on technical efficiency measurements

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Marco Aurélio Macedo

2010-01-01

Full Text Available O Protocolo de Kyoto representa um importante compromisso ecológico assumido por diversos países, com destaque à questão das cotas de carbono permitidas a cada país emitir. Para decidir de maneira mais justa sobre esta divisão, recorreu-se aos modelos Data Envelopment Analysis - DEA. É aqui proposta uma variante do modelo DEA com Ganhos de Soma Zero (DEA-GSZ, que permite o comportamento híbrido dos retornos de escala na fronteira de eficiência. Este modelo foi usado no estudo da redistribuição de cotas de CO2 entre países. Os resultados mostram-se mais adequados do que aqueles obtidos com o modelo DEA-GSZ clássico.The Kyoto Protocol is an important ecological compromise undertaken by many countries. One of its most important points is the carbon emission quota allowed to each country. In order to fairly allocate these quotas, we used the DEA models. The Zero Sum Gains Data Envelopment Analysis - DEA (ZSG-DEA model with hybrid returns to scale was proposed to solve this problem. This model was used to reallocate the CO2 quotas among the countries. The results found were more adequate than those obtained by the classic ZSG-DEA models.

Returns to Scale and Damages to Scale with Strong Complementary Slackness Conditions in DEA Assessment: Japanese Corporate Effort on Environment Protection

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sueyoshi, Toshiyuki; Goto, Mika

2012-01-01

This study proposes a use of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) for environmental assessment. All organizations in private and public sectors produce not only desirable (good) but also undesirable (bad) outputs as a result of their economic activities. The proposed use of DEA determines the level of unified (operational and environmental) efficiency of all the organizations. A contribution of this study is that it explores how to measure not only RTS (Returns to Scale) on desirable outputs but also a new concept regarding “DTS: Damages to Scale” (corresponding to RTS for undesirable outputs). This study discusses how to measure RTS under natural disposability and DTS under managerial disposability by DEA. The measurement of RTS and DTS is formulated by incorporating “Strong Complementary Slackness Conditions (SCSCs)”. As a result, this study can handle an occurrence of multiple reference sets and multiple projections in the RTS/DTS measurement. The incorporation of SCSCs makes it possible both to restrict DEA multipliers in a specific range without any prior information and to identify all possible efficient organizations as a reference set. Using the unique capabilities of SCSCs, this study discusses the use of DEA environmental assessment by exploring how to classify the type of RTS/DTS with SCSCs. Such analytical capabilities are essential, but not previously explored in DEA environmental assessment for energy industries. As an illustrative example, this study applies the proposed approach for the performance evaluation of Japanese manufacturing industries. This study finds that these firms need to introduce technology innovation to reduce an amount of greenhouse gases and wastes. The empirical result confirms the importance of measuring RTS/DTS in DEA environmental assessment.

Análise da eficiência dos sistemas estruturais para edifícios em concreto

OpenAIRE

Silva, Gildemir; Prata, Bruno; Albuquerque, Augusto

2018-01-01

Resumo Nos últimos anos houve uma evolução dos métodos construtivos empregados no Brasil, principalmente no que se refere às estruturas de concreto. Embora a literatura sobre eficiência na construção civil seja vasta, a proposição de métodos não paramétricos para a análise de eficiência de processos construtivos ainda é bastante limitada. Este trabalho apresenta um modelo para análise de eficiência baseado na técnica Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) para uma análise comparada da eficiência dos...

Rice growing farmers efficiency measurement using a slack based interval DEA model with undesirable outputs

Science.gov (United States)

Khan, Sahubar Ali Mohd. Nadhar; Ramli, Razamin; Baten, M. D. Azizul

2017-11-01

In recent years eco-efficiency which considers the effect of production process on environment in determining the efficiency of firms have gained traction and a lot of attention. Rice farming is one of such production processes which typically produces two types of outputs which are economic desirable as well as environmentally undesirable. In efficiency analysis, these undesirable outputs cannot be ignored and need to be included in the model to obtain the actual estimation of firm's efficiency. There are numerous approaches that have been used in data envelopment analysis (DEA) literature to account for undesirable outputs of which directional distance function (DDF) approach is the most widely used as it allows for simultaneous increase in desirable outputs and reduction of undesirable outputs. Additionally, slack based DDF DEA approaches considers the output shortfalls and input excess in determining efficiency. In situations when data uncertainty is present, the deterministic DEA model is not suitable to be used as the effects of uncertain data will not be considered. In this case, it has been found that interval data approach is suitable to account for data uncertainty as it is much simpler to model and need less information regarding the underlying data distribution and membership function. The proposed model uses an enhanced DEA model which is based on DDF approach and incorporates slack based measure to determine efficiency in the presence of undesirable factors and data uncertainty. Interval data approach was used to estimate the values of inputs, undesirable outputs and desirable outputs. Two separate slack based interval DEA models were constructed for optimistic and pessimistic scenarios. The developed model was used to determine rice farmers efficiency from Kepala Batas, Kedah. The obtained results were later compared to the results obtained using a deterministic DDF DEA model. The study found that 15 out of 30 farmers are efficient in all cases. It

Performance analysis of US coal-fired power plants by measuring three DEA efficiencies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sueyoshi, Toshiyuki; Goto, Mika; Ueno, Takahiro

2010-01-01

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) has been widely used for performance evaluation of many organizations in private and public sectors. This study proposes a new DEA approach to evaluate the operational, environmental and both-unified performance of coal-fired power plants that are currently operating under the US Clean Air Act (CAA). The economic activities of power plants examined by this study are characterized by four inputs, a desirable (good) output and three undesirable (bad) outputs. This study uses Range-Adjusted Measure (RAM) because it can easily incorporate both desirable and undesirable outputs in the unified analytical structure. The output unification proposed in this study has been never investigated in the previous DEA studies even though such a unified measure is essential in guiding policy makers and corporate leaders. Using the proposed DEA approach, this study finds three important policy implications. First, the CAA has been increasingly effective on their environmental protection. The increased environmental performance leads to the enhancement of the unified efficiency. Second, the market liberalization/deregulation was an important business trend in the electric power industry. Such a business trend was legally prepared by US Energy Policy Act (EPAct). According to the level of the market liberalization, the United States is classified into regulated and deregulated states. This study finds that the operational and unified performance of coal-fired power plants in the regulated states outperforms those of the deregulated states because the investment on coal-fired power plants in the regulated states can be utilized as a financial tool under the rate-of-return criterion of regulation. The power plants in the deregulated states do not have such a regulation premium. Finally, plant managers need to balance between their environmental performance and operational efficiency.

Efficiency of primary care in rural Burkina Faso. A two-stage DEA analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Marschall, Paul; Flessa, Steffen

2011-07-20

Providing health care services in Africa is hampered by severe scarcity of personnel, medical supplies and financial funds. Consequently, managers of health care institutions are called to measure and improve the efficiency of their facilities in order to provide the best possible services with their resources. However, very little is known about the efficiency of health care facilities in Africa and instruments of performance measurement are hardly applied in this context. This study determines the relative efficiency of primary care facilities in Nouna, a rural health district in Burkina Faso. Furthermore, it analyses the factors influencing the efficiency of these institutions. We apply a two-stage Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) based on data from a comprehensive provider and household information system. In the first stage, the relative efficiency of each institution is calculated by a traditional DEA model. In the second stage, we identify the reasons for being inefficient by regression technique. The DEA projections suggest that inefficiency is mainly a result of poor utilization of health care facilities as they were either too big or the demand was too low. Regression results showed that distance is an important factor influencing the efficiency of a health care institution Compared to the findings of existing one-stage DEA analyses of health facilities in Africa, the share of relatively efficient units is slightly higher. The difference might be explained by a rather homogenous structure of the primary care facilities in the Burkina Faso sample. The study also indicates that improving the accessibility of primary care facilities will have a major impact on the efficiency of these institutions. Thus, health decision-makers are called to overcome the demand-side barriers in accessing health care.

Validity Examination of EFQM’s Results by DEA Models = Examen de la validez de los resultados de EFQM mediante modelos DEA

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Ben Mustafa, Adli

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Validity Examination of EFQM’s Results by DEA Models = Examen de la validez de los resultados de EFQM mediante modelos DEAAbstract: The European Foundation Quality Management is one of the models which deal with the assessment of function of an organization using a self-assessment for measuring the concepts some of which are more and more qualitative. Consequently, complete understanding and correct usage of this model in an organization depend on the comprehensive recognition of that model and different strategies of self-assessment. The process of self-assessment on the basis of this model in an organization needs to use the experienced auditors. This leads to reduce the wrong privilege making to the criteria and to subcriteria probable way. In this paper, first some of the weaknesses of the EFQM model are studied, then with the usage of structure of input-output governing of the model and using of Data Envelopment Analysis, a method is offered to recognize the lack of the proportion between Enablers and the results of organization which may occur due to problems and obstacles hidden in the heart of organization. = La Fundación Europea de Gestión de la Calidad (EFQM significa uno de los modelos para la evaluación de las funciones de las organizaciones, utilizando la autoevaluación para medir aspectos que, algunos de los cuales, son cada vez más cualitativos. Consecuentemente, la comprensión completa y el uso correcto de este modelo en una organización dependen del conocimiento profundo del modelo y de las diferentes estrategias de autoevaluación. El proceso de autoevaluación en la base de este modelo, en cualquier organización, necesita la intervención de auditores experimentados. Esto es precisamente lo que lleva a reducir el uso incorrecto de los criterios y de los subcriterios. En este artículo, primero se estudian algunas de las debilidades del modelo EFQM y después, mediante la utilización de estructura de control de

Doses de extrato pirolenhoso no cultivo de orquídea

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Jenniffer Aparecida Schnitzer

2015-02-01

Full Text Available O extrato pirolenhoso vem sendo utilizado para diversos fins na agricultura, como a melhoria do desenvolvimento vegetativo, a fertilização orgânica, o condicionamento do do solo e a indução de enraizamento. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de diferentes doses de extrato pirolenhoso no cultivo da orquídea Cattleya loddigesii Lindl. Utilizaram-se plantas propagadas in vitro, as quais foram cultivadas em vasos com substrato composto de fibra de coco, casca de pinus e casca de arroz carbonizada (1:1:1 v/v/v. As regas foram realizadas manualmente duas vezes por semana, no outono e no inverno, e três vezes por semana, na primavera e no verão. Os tratamentos foram: 0,0 (controle, 0,1, 0,2, 0,3, 0,4, 0,5 e 0,6%, valores que correspondem a 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 e 6 mL L-1 de extrato pirolenhoso, respectivamente, aplicados utilizando-se o produto diluído em água, no volume de 50 mL por vaso a cada 30 dias. Após 12 meses do início do experimento, foram avaliados altura da parte aérea, número de brotos, número de folhas, número de pseudobulbos, comprimento da maior raiz, número de raízes, comprimento da maior folha, massa fresca total, massa seca da parte aérea e pH do substrato. A análise química foliar foi realizada para os elementos cálcio, magnésio, fósforo, potássio e nitrogênio. Observou-se que a aplicação do extrato pirolenhoso foi eficaz no cultivo da espécie Cattleya loddigesii Lindl., sendo recomendada a dose de 0,6%.

Dynamic Evaluation of the Energy Efficiency of Environments in Brazilian University Classrooms Using DEA

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Samuel de Alencar Bezerra

2017-12-01

Full Text Available This paper presents an experience applied to a public university campus using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA to evaluate and improve the energy efficiency of the indoor spaces of the buildings within the limits of the Federal University of Piauí, considering the lighting (installed power and luminous flux and air conditioning (absorbed electric power and cooling capacity input/output variables. Using Brazilian energy efficiency evaluation methods, a comparison was made between DEA and Brazilian standards, with the goal of examining DEA’s performance and feasibility in efficiency improvement. The results revealed that all of the analyzed university classrooms were inefficient, which is coherent with the classification obtained by applying Brazilian standards; the calculated efficiency scores for these rooms varied from 0.7182 to 0.8477, a 0.7848 average. The DEA model, while operating in lighting and air conditioning systems, achieved a reduction of installed power of 43.5% and 22.7%, respectively, totaling a decrease of 25.6%, being able to maintain the standard characteristics of the systems mentioned. According to the DEA models, it was found that the generated targets effectively improved the efficiency of lighting and air-conditioning systems, reducing excessive inputs such as air conditioners’ consumption and increasing deficient outputs such as luminous flux. It is possible to expand this successful application in the layout of the building in the whole campus area to concept small smart city projects; both have been achieved in the public buildings of the administrative body. Results from this paper revealed DEA’s potential in assessing and optimizing the energy efficiency of buildings, improving their sustainability indexes, acting as a tool to support decision-making and benchmarking.

Curing kinetics of visible light curing dental resin composites investigated by dielectric analysis (DEA).

Science.gov (United States)

Steinhaus, Johannes; Hausnerova, Berenika; Haenel, Thomas; Großgarten, Mandy; Möginger, Bernhard

2014-03-01

During the curing process of light curing dental composites the mobility of molecules and molecule segments is reduced leading to a significant increase of the viscosity as well as the ion viscosity. Thus, the kinetics of the curing behavior of 6 different composites was derived from dielectric analysis (DEA) using especially redesigned flat sensors with interdigit comb electrodes allowing for irradiation at the top side and measuring the ion viscosity at the bottom side. As the ion viscosities of dental composites change 1-3 orders of magnitude during the curing process, DEA provides a sensitive approach to evaluate their curing behavior, especially in the phase of undisturbed chain growth. In order to determine quantitative kinetic parameters a kinetic model is presented and examined for the evaluation of the ion viscosity curves. From the obtained results it is seen that DEA might be employed in the investigation of the primary curing process, the quality assurance of ingredients as well as the control of processing stability of the light curing dental composites. Copyright © 2014 Academy of Dental Materials. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Integrated IDA–ANN–DEA for assessment and optimization of energy consumption in industrial sectors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Olanrewaju, O.A.; Jimoh, A.A.; Kholopane, P.A.

2012-01-01

This paper puts forward an integrated approach, based on logarithmic mean divisia index (LMDI) – an index decomposition analysis (IDA) method, an artificial neural network (ANN) and a data envelopment analysis (DEA) for the analysis of total energy efficiency and optimization in an industrial sector. The energy efficiency assessment and the optimization of the proposed model use LMDI to decompose energy consumption into activity, structural and intensity indicators, which serve as inputs to the ANN. The ANN model is verified and validated by performing a linear regression comparison between the specifically measured energy consumption and the corresponding predicted energy consumption. The proposed approach utilizes the measure-specific, super-efficient DEA model for sensitivity analysis to determine the critical measured energy consumption and its optimization reductions. The proposed method is validated by its application to determine the efficiency computation and an analysis of historical data as well as the prediction and optimization capability of the Canadian industrial sector. -- Highlights: ► An integrated IDA–ANN–DEA model for energy management is proposed. ► The model relies on aggregate energy and GDP data. ► The model explains how energy can be managed in the Canadian Industrial sector.

Localized innovation and productivity growth in Asia : an intertemporal DEA approach

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Timmer, Marcel P.; Los, Bart

2002-01-01

Recent contributions to growth theory stress the importance of localized innovation for the performance of more backward countries. In earlier papers, analyses by means of DEA techniques confirmed this intuition. In this paper, we extend this type of analysis by relaxing the macroeconomic viewpoint

The role of dea in csr efficiency evaluation

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Tetiana Botsian

2015-02-01

Full Text Available Measuring CSR has been widely discussed as a problematic issue in business literature. The main reason is its importance for companies’ reputation, stakeholders’ valuations and academic research. This paper provides an introduction to the problem of measuring CSR (corporate social responsibility activity effectiveness. The main purpose of it is to apply a non-parametric DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis methodology for measuring CSR performance taking in accounts specified inputs and output of social business activity

Isolamento e identificação de fungos micorrízicos rizoctonióides associados a três espécies de orquídeas epífitas neotropicais no Brasil Isolation and identification of rhizoctonia-like mycorrhizal fungi associated to three neotropical epiphytic orchid species in Brazil

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Olinto Liparini Pereira

2005-04-01

Full Text Available Distúrbios causados pelo homem têm resultado no aumento do risco de extinção de diversos táxons de orquídeas nativas da Mata Atlântica no Brasil. Na natureza, orquídeas utilizam obrigatoriamente fungos endomicorrízicos para a germinação de sementes e desenvolvimento da plântula, ao menos nos primeiros estádios do seu ciclo de vida. Assim, fungos micorrízicos associados ao sistema radicular de orquídeas nativas vêm sendo isolados, caracterizados e armazenados para uso em futuros programas de conservação de espécies de orquídeas, por meio da germinação simbiótica. Três isolados de fungos micorrízicos rizoctonióides foram obtidos do sistema radicular de três espécies de orquídeas neotropicais, Gomesa crispa, Campylocentrum organense e Bulbophyllum sp., de três diferentes fragmentos de Mata Atlântica no Brasil. Estudos taxonômicos, baseados na condição nuclear, morfologia da hifa vegetativa e ultra-estrutura do septo dolipórico, revelaram que os isolados pertencem aos gêneros Ceratorhiza e Rhizoctonia. Esse é o primeiro relato do isolamento de fungos micorrízicos associados ao sistema radicular dessas espécies de orquídeas neotropicais. Aspectos relativos à taxonomia e ao uso desses isolados no contexto de um programa de conservação de orquídeas nativas são discutidos.Anthropogenic disturbances have resulted in an increased threat of extinction of many native orchid taxa in Brazil's Atlantic rain forest. In nature, orchids utilize mycorrhizal fungi to initiate seed germination and seedling development, at least in the early stages of their life cycle. Mycorrhizal fungi associated with the roots of orchids have thus been isolated, characterized and stored as important resources for a future conservation program of orchid species through symbiotic seed germination. Three mycorrhizal Rhizoctonia-like fungi were isolated from roots of three neotropical orchid species Gomesa crispa, Campylocentrum organense

Relative performance of academic departments using DEA with sensitivity analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Tyagi, Preeti; Yadav, Shiv Prasad; Singh, S P

2009-05-01

The process of liberalization and globalization of Indian economy has brought new opportunities and challenges in all areas of human endeavor including education. Educational institutions have to adopt new strategies to make best use of the opportunities and counter the challenges. One of these challenges is how to assess the performance of academic programs based on multiple criteria. Keeping this in view, this paper attempts to evaluate the performance efficiencies of 19 academic departments of IIT Roorkee (India) through data envelopment analysis (DEA) technique. The technique has been used to assess the performance of academic institutions in a number of countries like USA, UK, Australia, etc. But we are using it first time in Indian context to the best of our knowledge. Applying DEA models, we calculate technical, pure technical and scale efficiencies and identify the reference sets for inefficient departments. Input and output projections are also suggested for inefficient departments to reach the frontier. Overall performance, research performance and teaching performance are assessed separately using sensitivity analysis.

Medida de la eficiencia en entidades no lucrativas: un estudio empírico para fundaciones asistenciales

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Carmen M. Martínez Franco

2014-06-01

Full Text Available La medida del rendimiento de cualquier unidad de decisión es un objetivo ciertamente deseable para conocer si la aplicación de sus recursos económicos (inputs es adecuada en cada momento para conseguir su objetivo productivo. En este sentido, las entidades sin fines lucrativos no son ajenas a esta necesidad de gestión, presentando dificultades a˜nadidas la medida de su desempe˜no, dado que por su carácter de «no lucrativas» su objetivo último no es la maximización de beneficio, sino la consecución de fines de carácter social, en ocasiones difícilmente cuantificables. En el contexto descrito, el presente trabajo evalúa, dentro del sector de las entidades sin fines lucrativos, el rendimiento de las fundaciones estatales de tipo asistencial radicadas en Espa˜na, mediante la aplicación de la técnica no paramétrica del análisis envolvente de datos (DEA, capaz de determinar la frontera de «buenas prácticas» de las unidades evaluadas a partir de un modelo de optimización matemática, al tiempo que permite estudiar las variaciones del cambio productivo a través del cálculo del índice de productividad total de los factores de Malmquist basado en la metodología DEA mencionada. El estudio se complementa con un análisis DEA en 2 etapas aplicando un modelo de regresión logit para evaluar la posible asociación de covariables de relevancia en el sector de las fundaciones, tales como su tamaño, liquidez, endeudamiento y antigüedad, con el rendimiento de dichas organizaciones previamente calculado. Measuring the performance of any unit decision is certainly desirable in order to discover whether the application of economic resources (inputs is appropriate at all times to achieve its central objective. In this sense, non-profit organizations are not immune to this need for management, having additional difficulties in their performance, since because of their «non-profit» character their ultimate goal is not to maximize profit

Model Evaluation To Measuring Efficiencies of ICT Development In Indonesia Region Using DEA

Science.gov (United States)

Efendi, Syahril; Fadly Syahputra, M.; Anggia Muchtar, M.

2018-01-01

ICT Pura or digital city is a program designed by the Indonesian government with the main objective is to determine the level of readiness of each district and city in each province in the era of digital economy. It is necessarily to evaluate whether a city or a region that was successfully managing ICT better than other city and significantly contributes to the communities and living systems. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is a well known technique to estimate efficiency and returns to scale through the construction of a best practice frontier, based on non-parametric mathematical programming approach. This paper addresses DEA BCC method to get index of efficiencies for all region in Indonesia covered by ICT Pura. Numerical result is given.

Improved actuation strain of PDMS-based DEA materials chemically modified with softening agents

Science.gov (United States)

Biedermann, Miriam; Blümke, Martin; Wegener, Michael; Krüger, Hartmut

2015-04-01

Dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) are smart materials that gained much in interest particularly in recent years. One active field of research is the improvement of their properties by modification of their structural framework. The object of this work is to improve the actuation properties of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based DEAs by covalent incorporation of mono-vinyl-terminated low-molecular PDMS chains into the PDMS network. These low-molecular units act as a kind of softener within the PDMS network. The loose chain ends interfere with the network formation and lower the network's density. PDMS films with up to 50wt% of low-molecular PDMS additives were manufactured and the chemical, mechanical, electrical, and electromechanical properties of these novel materials were investigated.

Performance assessment of electric power generations using an adaptive neural network algorithm and fuzzy DEA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Javaheri, Zahra

2010-09-15

Modeling, evaluating and analyzing performance of Iranian thermal power plants is the main goal of this study which is based on multi variant methods analysis. These methods include fuzzy DEA and adaptive neural network algorithm. At first, we determine indicators, then data is collected, next we obtained values of ranking and efficiency by Fuzzy DEA, Case study is thermal power plants In view of the fact that investment to establish on power plant is very high, and maintenance of power plant causes an expensive expenditure, moreover using fossil fuel effected environment hence optimum produce of current power plants is important.

Data envelopment analysis: a taxonomy, a meta review and an extension (confident-dea) with application to predicting cross (OECD) country banking systems' efficiency

OpenAIRE

Gattoufi, Said

2002-01-01

This work contributes to the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) literature at three ways. First, it extends the roots of DEA by providing an analytical approach deriving the basic Charties-Cooper-Rhodes (1978) model from the Weak Axiom of Profit Maximization (WAPM) of Finn Theory. This in turn, develops the Approximate-Weak Axiom of Profit Maximization (A-WAPM). Additional;/, a direct connection is established between the sensitivity of DEA provided results to sample size and the A-WAPhL Second,...

DEA ranking of municipalities of the Republic of Serbia based on efficiency of SMEs in agribusiness

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Maletić Radojka

2015-01-01

Full Text Available The most important aspect of any business is efficiency. The goal is to achieve a greater output results using less inputs, i.e. to maximize the use of available inputs. Numerous mathematical and statistical procedures, such as DEA technique (Data Envelopment Analysis, take an important place in the process of the effective management of the company and its business activities. This paper illustrated the application of DEA technique in assessing the business efficiency of SMEs in agribusiness in Vojvodina Measuring the efficiency of business operations of SMEs is based on the values of the following indicators: fixed assets, working capital, number of companies, number of employees, total income, profit and loss. The data used to calculate the values of indicators of business efficiency were obtained from the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, based on the annual accounts of SMEs in agribusiness for four-year average (2008-2011. The aim of this paper is statistical assessment of business efficiency of SMEs in agribusiness using DEA technique, and then, based on the results obtained, to perform the ranking of Vojvodina municipalities in which observed SMEs were located, and finally, based on 4 models, to show sensitivity of DEA technique compared to different combination of input / output indicators, so therefore, caution is needed when this method is used. If the combination of parameters in the model is better, the results are more realistic, since if a key parameter is omitted, wrong decisions could be made.

Testing over-representation of observations in subsets of a DEA technology

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Asmild, Mette; Hougaard, Jens Leth; Olesen, Ole Bent

2013-01-01

This paper proposes a test for whether data are over-represented in a given production zone, i.e. a subset of a production possibility set which has been estimated using the non-parametric Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach. A binomial test is used that relates the number of observations...

Establishing the existence of a distance-based upper bound for a fuzzy DEA model using duality

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Soleimani-damaneh, M.

2009-01-01

In a recent paper [Soleimani-damaneh M. Fuzzy upper bounds and their applications. Chaos, Solitons and Fractals 2008;36:217-25.], I established the existence of a distance-based fuzzy upper bound for the objective function of a fuzzy DEA model, using the properties of a discussed signed distance, and provided an effective approach to solve that model. In this paper a new dual-based proof for the existence of the above-mentioned upper bound is provided which gives a useful insight into the theory of fuzzy DEA.

Weight Constrained DEA Measurement of the Quality of Life in Spanish Municipalities in 2011.

Science.gov (United States)

González, Eduardo; Cárcaba, Ana; Ventura, Juan

2018-01-01

This paper measures quality of life (QoL) in the 393 largest Spanish municipalities in 2011. We follow recent descriptions of QoL dimensions to propose an integrated framework composed of eight dimensions: material living conditions, health, education, environment, economic and physical safety, governance and political voice, social interaction, and personal activities. Using different sources of information we construct 16 indicators, two per each of the QoL dimensions considered. Weight constrained data envelopment analysis (DEA) is then used to estimate a composite indicator of the QoL of each municipality. Robustness is checked by altering the weight ranges introduced within the DEA specification. Results show that the Northern and Central regions in Spain attain the highest levels of QoL, while the Southern and Mediterranean regions report lower scores. These figures are consistent with those obtained by González et al. ( Soc Ind Res 82:111-145 2011) for the Spanish municipalities in 2001, although both the sample and the indicators used are different. The analysis also shows that, while it is important to restrict weights in DEA, the specific restrictions used are less important, since all the composite indicators computed are highly correlated. The results also show important differences between per capita gross domestic product and QoL at the provincial level.

Measuring the technical effciency of public service broadcasters: An application of DEA in Spain || Midiendo la eficiencia técnica de los servicios públicos de televisión: una aplicación de DEA en España

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Latorre Martínez, Pilar

2016-06-01

Full Text Available The excessive debt of the Spanish economy in the last few year raises the issue of efficiency in the management of public resources. Within this context, this research measures the technical efficiency of regional public service broadcasters (PSBs in Spain using data envelopment analysis (DEA. The results indicate that several corporations are not efficient and they need to make decisions regarding some of their inputs to guarantee their sustainability.In addition, those PSBs following a management model based on outsourcing are more efficient. This research also provides a theoretical framework and a methodological application for the measurement of efficiency in the public service media sector. || La excesiva deuda pública que presenta la economía española obliga a analizar la eficiencia en la gestión de los recursos públicos. Dentro de este contexto, este artículo mide la eficiencia técnica de los servicios públicos autonómicos de televisión en España a través del Análisis Envolvente de Datos (DEA. Los resultados indican que varias televisiones autonómicas no son eficientes y que requieren variar algunos de sus inputs para garantizar su sostenibilidad. Además, los servicios públicos regionales de televisión que siguen un modelo de gestión basado en externalizar parte de su actividad son más eficientes. Esta investigación también aporta un modelo teórico y una aplicación metodológica a la medición de la eficiencia en el sector de los medios de comunicación públicos.

Total-Factor Energy Efficiency in BRI Countries: An Estimation Based on Three-Stage DEA Model

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Changhong Zhao

2018-01-01

Full Text Available The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI is showing its great influence and leadership on the international energy cooperation. Based on the three-stage DEA model, total-factor energy efficiency (TFEE in 35 BRI countries in 2015 was measured in this article. It shows that the three-stage DEA model could eliminate errors of environment variable and random, which made the result better than traditional DEA model. When environment variable errors and random errors were eliminated, the mean value of TFEE was declined. It demonstrated that TFEE of the whole sample group was overestimated because of external environment impacts and random errors. The TFEE indicators of high-income countries like South Korea, Singapore, Israel and Turkey are 1, which is in the efficiency frontier. The TFEE indicators of Russia, Saudi Arabia, Poland and China are over 0.8. And the indicators of Uzbekistan, Ukraine, South Africa and Bulgaria are in a low level. The potential of energy-saving and emissions reduction is great in countries with low TFEE indicators. Because of the gap in energy efficiency, it is necessary to distinguish different countries in the energy technology options, development planning and regulation in BRI countries.

Analisis Portofolio Syariah Optimal Menggunakan Model Mean Variance Efficient Portofolio (MVEP Dengan Pendekatan Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA

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Laeli Nurani

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Penelitian ini membahas analisis portofolio syariah optimum menggunakan model Mean-Variannce Efficient Portofolio (MVEP yang proses pemilihan sahamnya menggunakan Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA dengan menggunakan kendala input (Standar Deviasi, Debt Earning Ratio, Book Value Share, Price Book Value Ratio dan kendala output (Return, Earning Per Share, Return On Equity, Return On Asset, Net Profit Margin, Price Earning Ratio. Data yang digunakan dalam Tugas Akhir ini adalah saham-saham yang terdaftar di Jakarta Islamic Index (JII periode 27 Juni 2014 – 18 Februari 2016. Hasil uji efisiensi dengan DEA-CCR dan DEA-BCC diperoleh 14 saham terpilih sebagai kandidat pembentuk portofolio, yaitu: ADRO, ASRI, BSDE INDF, INTP, ITMG, KLBF, LPKR, LSIP, PGAS, SMGR, SMRA, TLKM, dan UNVR. Dari ke-14 saham tersebut diperoleh 4 saham optimal dengan besar dana yang harus diinvestasikan pada masing-masing saham yaitu: TLKM (52%, UNVR (7%, LPKR (17% dan INDF (24% dengan ekspektasi keuntungan sebesar 0,000646 (0,06% resiko sebesar 0,01389 (1,4%.

Evaluating the efficiency of municipalities in collecting and processing municipal solid waste: A shared input DEA-model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rogge, Nicky; De Jaeger, Simon

2012-01-01

Highlights: ► Complexity in local waste management calls for more in depth efficiency analysis. ► Shared-input Data Envelopment Analysis can provide solution. ► Considerable room for the Flemish municipalities to improve their cost efficiency. - Abstract: This paper proposed an adjusted “shared-input” version of the popular efficiency measurement technique Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) that enables evaluating municipality waste collection and processing performances in settings in which one input (waste costs) is shared among treatment efforts of multiple municipal solid waste fractions. The main advantage of this version of DEA is that it not only provides an estimate of the municipalities overall cost efficiency but also estimates of the municipalities’ cost efficiency in the treatment of the different fractions of municipal solid waste (MSW). To illustrate the practical usefulness of the shared input DEA-model, we apply the model to data on 293 municipalities in Flanders, Belgium, for the year 2008.

Efficiency of mutual funds in Croatia: a DEA-based approach applied in the pre-crisis, crisis and post crisis period

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Margareta Gardijan

2017-01-01

Full Text Available The aim of this paper is to estimate the overall performance of mutual funds in Croatia in terms of their relative efficiency based on several performance indicators using data envelopment analysis (DEA. DEA is a non-parametric method that can provide an overall relative efficiency score of a certain fund given a number of risk, cost or reward or profitability measures. Since traditional mutual fund performance indicators are mostly based on the CAPM paradigm that demands using rigid assumptions and questionable benchmarks, we endeavor to overcome the limitations of such an approach by considering more appropriate risk and reward measures, such as Expected Shortfall, stochastic dominance and higher order moments. In this way, we developed an adjusted DEA-based mutual fund performance index. The efficiency scores obtained from the DEA model help in identifying efficient funds and ranking the funds based on certain criteria. DEA also identifies mutual fund(s that can be benchmarks for other mutual funds that have similar investment strategies. These results were compared to various traditional indicators of absolute and relative risk-adjusted performance of mutual funds. The analysis was divided into three periods: the pre-crisis period, crisis period and post-crisis period with different conclusions for mutual fund performances in Croatia. The analysis includes altogether 60 UCITS funds in Croatia, in the period from the beginning of 2005 until the end of 2015, and was conducted on daily data of share prices, available from the Bloomberg terminal.

Measuring of the efficiency of bank branches on the basis of DEA approach

OpenAIRE

Korchahin, A.; Zhukau, A.

2010-01-01

The problem of the measuring of efficiency of bank branches in a bank strategic planning is considered. The Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is employed as a managerial tool to evaluate performance of network of bank branches.

Scaling production and improving efficiency in DEA: an interactive approach

Science.gov (United States)

Rödder, Wilhelm; Kleine, Andreas; Dellnitz, Andreas

2017-10-01

DEA models help a DMU to detect its (in-)efficiency and to improve activities, if necessary. Efficiency is only one economic aim for a decision-maker; however, up- or downsizing might be a second one. Improving efficiency is the main topic in DEA; the long-term strategy towards the right production size should attract our attention as well. Not always the management of a DMU primarily focuses on technical efficiency but rather is interested in gaining scale effects. In this paper, a formula for returns to scale (RTS) is developed, and this formula is even applicable for interior points of technology. Particularly, technical and scale inefficient DMUs need sophisticated instruments to improve their situation. Considering RTS as well as efficiency, in this paper, we give an advice for each DMU to find an economically reliable path from its actual situation to better activities and finally to most productive scale size (mpss), perhaps. For realizing this path, we propose an interactive algorithm, thus harmonizing the scientific findings and the interests of the management. Small numerical examples illustrate such paths for selected DMUs; an empirical application in theatre management completes the contribution.

Estimating Energy Consumption of Transport Modes in China Using DEA

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Weibin Lin

2015-04-01

Full Text Available The rapid growth of transport requirements in China will incur increasing transport energy demands and associated environmental pressures. In this paper, we employ a generalized data envelopment analysis (DEA to evaluate the relative energy efficiency of rail, road, aviation and water transport from 1971 to 2011 by considering the energy input and passenger-kilometers (PKM and freight ton-kilometers (TKM outputs. The results show that the optimal energy efficiencies observed in 2011 are for rail and water transport, with the opposite observed for the energy efficiencies of aviation and road transport. In addition, we extend the DEA model to estimate future transport energy consumption in China. If each transport mode in 2020 is optimized throughout the observed period, the national transport energy consumption in 2020 will reach 497,701 kilotons coal equivalent (ktce, whereas the annual growth rate from 2011 to 2020 will be 5.7%. Assuming that efficiency improvements occur in this period, the estimated national transport energy consumption in 2020 will be 443,126 ktce, whereas the annual growth rate from 2011 to 2020 will be 4.4%, which is still higher than that of the national total energy consumption (3.8%.

Controle químico de brilhantina (Pilea microphylla no cultivo de orquídeas Chemical control of Pilea microphylla in orchid cultivation

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F.C.L. Freitas

2007-09-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficácia do oxyfluorfen no controle da brilhantina (Pilea microphylla em cultivo de orquídeas. Foram realizados dois experimentos, no delineamento de blocos ao acaso, no esquema fatorial 2 x 7, com três repetições. Um dos experimentos foi constituído por duas espécies de orquídeas (Epidendrum ibaguensis e Dendrobium sp. e sete doses de oxyfluorfen (0,000, 0,024, 0,072, 0,144, 0,216, 0,288 e 0,36 L ha-1 do i.a., pulverizadas em área total, e o outro, pelas mesmas espécies e sete concentrações de oxyfluorfen (0,00000 0,00036, 0,00072, 0,00144, 0,00288, 0,00576 e 0,01152% do i.a., aplicadas em pulverização dirigida na brilhantina, sem atingir as folhas de orquídea. Cada unidade experimental foi representada por um vaso, com uma planta de orquídea, infestado com brilhantina. Aos 15, 30 e 60 dias após a aplicação do herbicida (DAA, foram realizadas avaliações visuais de toxidez na orquídea e de controle de brilhantina, utilizando-se a escala de 0 (ausência de toxidez a 100 (morte das plantas. Não houve interação entre fatores, espécie e dose ou concentração do herbicida nem diferença no comportamento do herbicida entre as espécies, no que se refere às características avaliadas, em nenhum dos experimentos. Não foram observados sintomas de toxidez nas plantas de orquídea em nenhum dos tratamentos avaliados. Verificou-se controle eficiente de brilhantina, acima de 90%, para as doses superiores a 0,26 e 0,25 L ha- 1, aos 30 e 60 dias DAA, respectivamente, na aplicação em área total; e nas concentrações superiores a 0,0020 e 0,0019%, aos 30 e 60 DAA, respectivamente, na aplicação dirigida. O oxyfluorfen promoveu eficiente controle de brilhantina através da pulverização em área total e dirigida, sem causar danos às plantas de orquídeas.This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of oxyfluorfen in the control of Pilea microphylla in orchid cultivation. Two experiments

Evaluation of bank efficiency in Brazil: a DEA approach / Avaliação da eficiência bancária brasileira: uma abordagem DEA

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Patricia Benites Cava

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Purpose: The research aims to evaluate the efficiency of banks that operated in the Brazilian market in 2013. To achieve this goal, efficient banks were identified according to the production approach. To detect and explain efficiency standards, additional analyses were carried out related to: 1. capital origin, 2. size, 3. business segment, and 4. risk rating. Originality/gap/relevance/implications: The Brazilian literature on bank efficiency features several studies linking the efficiency of banks to capital origin and size. However, the relationship between efficiency and business segment has been poorly explored and the relationship between efficiency and risk rating is scarce. In this sense, this research contributes to the literature by exploring the relationship between efficiency and business segment, as well as the relationship between efficiency and risk rating. Key methodological aspects: The research uses a quantitative approach and employs the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA technique to calculate efficiency scores. The data were obtained from the Central Bank of Brazil (Bacen. Summary of key results: Federal public banks and large banks are, on average, more efficient. Banks operating in foreign exchange and retail, as well as banks with high credit ratings, also achieved high levels of efficiency. Key considerations/conclusions: Efficient banks proved to be more profitable, lent less money in proportion to their total assets, and received fewer complaints filed with the Central Bank of Brazil in 2013. Objetivo: A pesquisa tem como objetivo avaliar a eficiência de bancos que atuaram no mercado brasileiro no ano de 2013. Para atingir este objetivo foram identificados os bancos eficientes sob a abordagem de produção. A fim de detectar e explicar padrões de eficiência, foram realizadas análises complementares relacionadas a (1 origem de capital, (2 porte, (3 segmento de atuação e (4 classificação de risco (rating da institui

A cause and effect two-stage BSC-DEA method for measuring the relative efficiency of organizations

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Seyed Esmaeel Najafi

2011-01-01

Full Text Available This paper presents an integration of balanced score card (BSE with two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA. The proposed model of this paper uses different financial and non-financial perspectives to evaluate the performance of decision making units in different BSC stages. At each stage, a two-stage DEA method is implemented to measure the relative efficiency of decision making units and the results are monitored using the cause and effect relationships. An empirical study for a banking sector is also performed using the method developed in this paper and the results are briefly analyzed.

Measuring effectiveness of a university by a parallel network DEA model

Science.gov (United States)

Kashim, Rosmaini; Kasim, Maznah Mat; Rahman, Rosshairy Abd

2017-11-01

Universities contribute significantly to the development of human capital and socio-economic improvement of a country. Due to that, Malaysian universities carried out various initiatives to improve their performance. Most studies have used the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model to measure efficiency rather than effectiveness, even though, the measurement of effectiveness is important to realize how effective a university in achieving its ultimate goals. A university system has two major functions, namely teaching and research and every function has different resources based on its emphasis. Therefore, a university is actually structured as a parallel production system with its overall effectiveness is the aggregated effectiveness of teaching and research. Hence, this paper is proposing a parallel network DEA model to measure the effectiveness of a university. This model includes internal operations of both teaching and research functions into account in computing the effectiveness of a university system. In literature, the graduate and the number of program offered are defined as the outputs, then, the employed graduates and the numbers of programs accredited from professional bodies are considered as the outcomes for measuring the teaching effectiveness. Amount of grants is regarded as the output of research, while the different quality of publications considered as the outcomes of research. A system is considered effective if only all functions are effective. This model has been tested using a hypothetical set of data consisting of 14 faculties at a public university in Malaysia. The results show that none of the faculties is relatively effective for the overall performance. Three faculties are effective in teaching and two faculties are effective in research. The potential applications of the parallel network DEA model allow the top management of a university to identify weaknesses in any functions in their universities and take rational steps for improvement.

Nuclei and models, 2001-2003. DEA fields, particles and matter

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sida, J.L.

2003-01-01

This document gathers a series of 6 lessons dedicated to students in the first year of their thesis (DEA) in fields and particles physics: 1) the extent of nuclear physics, 2) the nucleus as a cluster of interacting fermions, 3) models and deformation, 4) nuclei and rotation, 5) isospin and exotic nuclei, and 6) fission reactions from the saddle point to the scission point

Bank performance evaluation using dynamic DEA A slacks-based measure approach

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Morteza Shafiee

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Data envelopment analysis (DEA has been applied in many studies in the banking industry but deficiency of empirical studies in Iranian banking sector that incorporate time factor into the efficiency, have still remained. Previous studies measured the efficiency of bank branches in a single period within cross-sectional data. They did not considered effect of interconnecting activities (links between two consecutive terms. The main contribution of this paper is to evaluate the efficiency of an Iranian bank using dynamic SBM model in DEA during three consecutive terms considering net profit as a good link and loan losses as a bad link. In order to realize most important variables (inputs-outputs, relative to our case, we made a checklist and distributed them among headmen of branches and arranged an interview with the CEO of bank. Dynamic SBM efficiency is compared with its static efficiency to check the validity of described model. In addition, input-bad link excesses and output-good link shortfalls (slacks are analyzed and further suggestions to the management are provided.

Cirugía de la válvula tricúspide: indicaciones y resultados. Papel de la ecocardiografía en la evaluación de la valvulopatía tricuspídea

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Marta Cobo

2010-10-01

Full Text Available La enfermedad de la válvula tricúspide (VT y las consecuencias sobre la función ventricular derecha son determinantes en la morbilidad y mortalidad de gran número de pacientes con enfermedad cardiovascular. Sin embargo, ni los métodos diagnósticos ni las estrategias terapéuticas están tan desarrollados y validados como en las enfermedades del corazón izquierdo. Un motivo para esto es su menor prevalencia, que condiciona series con escaso número de pacientes, pocos estudios aleatorizados y resultados contradictorios. Por otro lado, es frecuente la insuficiencia tricuspídea (IT «funcional» o «secundaria», consecuencia de una valvulopatía izquierda o de una miocardiopatía avanzada, en los que estos procesos primarios ocupan la mayor parte del esfuerzo diagnóstico y terapéutico. Tampoco la indicación quirúrgica de la IT está bien definida. Hay consenso en intervenir la IT grave durante la cirugía de valvulopatías izquierdas. Sin embargo, existe controversia cuando el grado de insuficiencia es menor o el anillo tricuspídeo está dilatado. La reparación valvular es la técnica de elección en la IT funcional. La implantación de un anillo tricuspídeo parece ofrecer los mejores resultados quirúrgicos. En la valvulopatía tricuspídea primaria la sustitución valvular con prótesis biológica o metálica es a menudo necesaria. Ésta se asocia a un alto riesgo quirúrgico, determinado por la alta tasa de reoperaciones y por la disfunción ventricular derecha. En esta revisión abordaremos los métodos ecocardiográficos para la evaluación de la VT, las indicaciones quirúrgicas de la valvulopatía tricuspídea y los resultados de las series publicadas más importantes.

Measuring productivity of research in economics: A cross-country study using DEA

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Kocher, M.; Luptacik, M.; Sutter, M.

2006-01-01

We measure productivity in leading edge economic research by using data envelopment analysis (DEA) for a sample of 21 countries belonging to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Publications in ten top journals of economics from 1980 to 1998 are taken as the research

Surface texture change on-demand and microfluidic devices based on thickness mode actuation of dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs)

Science.gov (United States)

Ankit, Ankit; Nguyen, Anh Chien; Mathews, Nripan

2017-04-01

Tactile feedback devices and microfluidic devices have huge significance in strengthening the area of robotics, human machine interaction and low cost healthcare. Dielectric Elastomer Actuators (DEAs) are an attractive alternative for both the areas; offering the advantage of low cost and simplistic fabrication in addition to the high actuation strains. The inplane deformations produced by the DEAs can be used to produce out-of-plane deformations by what is known as the thickness mode actuation of DEAs. The thickness mode actuation is achieved by adhering a soft passive layer to the DEA. This enables a wide area of applications in tactile applications without the need of complex systems and multiple actuators. But the thickness mode actuation has not been explored enough to understand how the deformations can be improved without altering the material properties; which is often accompanied with increased cost and a trade off with other closely associated material properties. We have shown the effect of dimensions of active region and non-active region in manipulating the out-of-plane deformation. Making use of this, we have been able to demonstrate large area devices and complex patterns on the passive top layer for the surface texture change on-demand applications. We have also been able to demonstrate on-demand microfluidic channels and micro-chambers without the need of actually fabricating the channels; which is a cost incurring and cumbersome process.

A framework for performance measurement in university using extended network data envelopment analysis (DEA) structures

Science.gov (United States)

Kashim, Rosmaini; Kasim, Maznah Mat; Rahman, Rosshairy Abd

2015-12-01

Measuring university performance is essential for efficient allocation and utilization of educational resources. In most of the previous studies, performance measurement in universities emphasized the operational efficiency and resource utilization without investigating the university's ability to fulfill the needs of its stakeholders and society. Therefore, assessment of the performance of university should be separated into two stages namely efficiency and effectiveness. In conventional DEA analysis, a decision making unit (DMU) or in this context, a university is generally treated as a black-box which ignores the operation and interdependence of the internal processes. When this happens, the results obtained would be misleading. Thus, this paper suggest an alternative framework for measuring the overall performance of a university by incorporating both efficiency and effectiveness and applies network DEA model. The network DEA models are recommended because this approach takes into account the interrelationship between the processes of efficiency and effectiveness in the system. This framework also focuses on the university structure which is expanded from the hierarchical to form a series of horizontal relationship between subordinate units by assuming both intermediate unit and its subordinate units can generate output(s). Three conceptual models are proposed to evaluate the performance of a university. An efficiency model is developed at the first stage by using hierarchical network model. It is followed by an effectiveness model which take output(s) from the hierarchical structure at the first stage as a input(s) at the second stage. As a result, a new overall performance model is proposed by combining both efficiency and effectiveness models. Thus, once this overall model is realized and utilized, the university's top management can determine the overall performance of each unit more accurately and systematically. Besides that, the result from the network

El uso del DEA para la estimación del factor X en la definición de tarifas portuarias.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gustavo Duncan.

2008-12-01

Full Text Available The X factor in price cap systems is useful to identify the inefficiencies of the costs of port services. However its determination can be controversial and rife with risks due to the asymmetry of information. In this article, a model is proposed to set the X factor with the maximum tariff schema based on the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA. With this tool it is possible to estimate the efficiency rate of the different elements of a group of decision units by comparing their supply levels and visible products for the State regulatory agency. In the case of port infrastructure it is possible to analyze the efficiency of the technology and the time investment of the ports according to declared costs, so that the efficient ports can have their costs approved, while the rest would have their costs reduced according to their efficiency rate.

Evaluation and selection of sustainable suppliers in supply chain using new GP-DEA model with imprecise data

Science.gov (United States)

Jafarzadeh Ghoushchi, Saeid; Dodkanloi Milan, Mehran; Jahangoshai Rezaee, Mustafa

2017-11-01

Nowadays, with respect to knowledge growth about enterprise sustainability, sustainable supplier selection is considered a vital factor in sustainable supply chain management. On the other hand, usually in real problems, the data are imprecise. One method that is helpful for the evaluation and selection of the sustainable supplier and has the ability to use a variety of data types is data envelopment analysis (DEA). In the present article, first, the supplier efficiency is measured with respect to all economic, social and environmental dimensions using DEA and applying imprecise data. Then, to have a general evaluation of the suppliers, the DEA model is developed using imprecise data based on goal programming (GP). Integrating the set of criteria changes the new model into a coherent framework for sustainable supplier selection. Moreover, employing this model in a multilateral sustainable supplier selection can be an incentive for the suppliers to move towards environmental, social and economic activities. Improving environmental, economic and social performance will mean improving the supply chain performance. Finally, the application of the proposed approach is presented with a real dataset.

Endarterectomía carotídea en pacientes sintomáticos y asintomáticos: resultados de morbi-mortalidad desde 1998 hasta 2005 Carotid endarterectomy in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients: morbid-mortality results from 1998 to 2005

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Juan G Barrera

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Antecedentes: el accidente cerebrovascular es la tercera causa de muerte y probablemente la causa más importante de discapacidad a largo plazo. La tasa de mortalidad está entre 15% y 35% con el primer ataque y se eleva a 65% para los accidentes cerebrovasculares subsiguientes. Los resultados a largo y mediano plazo avalan esta técnica quirúrgica para el tratamiento de la enfermedad carotídea, al demostrar altos perfiles de seguridad. Objetivo: determinar los resultados de morbilidad y mortalidad quirúrgica y a 3, 6 y 12 meses de seguimiento, en los pacientes sometidos a endarterectomía carotídea desde 1998 hasta septiembre de 2005. Diseño-método: se evaluaron las historias clínicas de los pacientes sometidos a endarterectomía carotídea, desde 1998 hasta septiembre de 2005. Resultados: se realizaron 42 procedimientos desde 1998 hasta septiembre de 2005; el 57% de los pacientes eran hombres, con edad promedio de 68,8 ± 9,9 años. Los antecedentes de importancia fueron: hipertensión arterial (82%, tabaquismo (61% y dislipidemia (50%. El 82% de los pacientes mostraban síntomas de enfermedad carotídea. Once pacientes tuvieron lesión de carótida derecha, 16 de carótida izquierda y 15 lesión bilateral, con un promedio de obstrucción de 85 ± 11,4%. La mortalidad fue de 4,7% y no estaba relacionada con el procedimiento quirúrgico. A septiembre de 2005 el 57% de los pacientes egresados estaban libres de síntomas. Conclusiones: la mortalidad para este grupo de pacientes es comparable con los resultados publicados en todo el mundo. La seguridad del procedimiento avala esta técnica quirúrgica como la primera opción en el manejo de la patología carotídea.Antecedents: cerebrovascular disease is the third cause of death and probably the most common cause of significant long term disability. Mortality rate with first stroke is between 15% and 35% and goes up to 65% with subsequent strokes. Results at long and middle term endorse

Energy and environment efficiency analysis based on an improved environment DEA cross-model: Case study of complex chemical processes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Geng, ZhiQiang; Dong, JunGen; Han, YongMing; Zhu, QunXiong

2017-01-01

Highlights: •An improved environment DEA cross-model method is proposed. •Energy and environment efficiency analysis framework of complex chemical processes is obtained. •This proposed method is efficient in energy-saving and emission reduction of complex chemical processes. -- Abstract: The complex chemical process is a high pollution and high energy consumption industrial process. Therefore, it is very important to analyze and evaluate the energy and environment efficiency of the complex chemical process. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is used to evaluate the relative effectiveness of decision-making units (DMUs). However, the traditional DEA method usually cannot genuinely distinguish the effective and inefficient DMU due to its extreme or unreasonable weight distribution of input and output variables. Therefore, this paper proposes an energy and environment efficiency analysis method based on an improved environment DEA cross-model (DEACM) method. The inputs of the complex chemical process are divided into energy and non-energy inputs. Meanwhile, the outputs are divided into desirable and undesirable outputs. And then the energy and environment performance index (EEPI) based on the cross evaluation is used to represent the overall performance of each DMU. Moreover, the improvement direction of energy-saving and carbon emission reduction of each inefficiency DMU is quantitatively obtained based on the self-evaluation model of the improved environment DEACM. The results show that the improved environment DEACM method has a better effective discrimination than the original DEA method by analyzing the energy and environment efficiency of the ethylene production process in complex chemical processes, and it can obtain the potential of energy-saving and carbon emission reduction of ethylene plants, especially the improvement direction of inefficient DMUs to improve energy efficiency and reduce carbon emission.

Definition of an it project portfolio management methodology for a pharmaceutical company

OpenAIRE

Giraldo, Milton Cesar

2015-01-01

Con la creciente popularidad de las soluciones de IT como factor clave para aumentar la competitividad y la creación de valor para las empresas, la necesidad de invertir en proyectos de IT se incrementa considerablemente. La limitación de los recursos como un obstáculo para invertir ha obligado a las empresas a buscar metodologías para seleccionar y priorizar proyectos, asegurándose de que las decisiones que se toman son aquellas que van alineadas con las estrategias corporativas para asegura...

Eco-efficiency analysis of Spanish WWTPs using the LCA + DEA method.

Science.gov (United States)

Lorenzo-Toja, Yago; Vázquez-Rowe, Ian; Chenel, Sergio; Marín-Navarro, Desirée; Moreira, María Teresa; Feijoo, Gumersindo

2015-01-01

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are regarded as units designed for the efficient removal of organic matter and nutrients from polluted wastewaters, avoiding their discharge into the environment. Despite these benefits, they have also been found to be highly energy intensive, with consequent increased emissions in terms of greenhouse gases and other environmental impacts. Therefore, it has become imperative to monitor thoroughly the overall functioning of WWTPs from an integrated perspective with the aim of understanding how these can improve their eco-efficiency. In this case study, a group of 113 WWTPs located in regions across Spain were analysed using the methodology that combines life cycle assessment (LCA) and data envelopment analysis (DEA). The aim of this work was to determine the operational efficiency of each unit in order to obtain environmental benchmarks for inefficient plants. Thereafter, the environmental gains linked with the inputs reduction proposed for the DEA model for each unit were computed in order to verify eco-efficiency criteria. The operational complexity of WWTPs resulted in several identified factors affecting their efficiency which are discussed in depth, including the size of the facility, the climatic influence, the influent load and the over- or underuse of the plant.

Evaluation of Performance of Investment Funds Based on Decision Models (DEA

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Alireza Samet

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Selection of a suitable investment funds is very important from investors' point of view and may have a significant impact on the profit or loss of the funds. Therefore, evaluation of performance of investment funds to choose the most suitable fund will be given special emphasis. One of the new techniques for evaluating the performance of the Funds based on efficiency is the Data Envelopment Analysis technique. Accordingly, the present study is aimed to analyze and evaluate the performance of investment Funds in capital market of Iran, using the technique of efficiency evaluation through data envelopment analysis technique (DEA. This research is a descriptive - applicable study and to analyze the efficiency and effectiveness, 53 investment funds in the capital market of Iran in 2013 were considered as the sample. To analyze the efficiency of these funds, data envelopment analysis (DEA is used. Research findings showed that in 2013, of a total of 53 examined funds, 11 funds were in the efficiency situation and the other 42 funds were in a state of inefficiency. Also the reference funds and virtual composited funds of all inefficient funds were evaluated.

Selected Private Higher Educational Institutions in Metro Manila: A DEA Efficiency Measurement

Science.gov (United States)

de Guzman, Maria Corazon Gwendolyn N.; Cabana, Emilyn

2009-01-01

This paper measures the technical efficiency of 16 selected colleges and universities in Metro Manila, Philippines, using academic data for the SY 2001-2005. Using the data envelopment analysis (DEA), on average, schools posted 0.807 index score and need additional 19.3% efficiency growth to be efficient. Overall, there are top four efficient…

Seized Drugs and Weapons: DEA Needs to Improve Certain Physical Safeguards and Strength Accountability

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

1999-01-01

This report focuses on DEAs controls over seized drugs and weapons. There is an inherent risk of theft, misuse, and loss of drugs and weapons due to the fact that such evidence typically has a market or "street" value...

AGREGANDO VALORES A LAS CADENAS DE VALOR

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Gregory J. Scott

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo presenta una matriz de factores a tomar en cuenta para priorizar las cadenas de valor agrícolas seleccionadas como foco de las iniciativas público-privadas para impulsar su desarrollo. Dichos factores dan especial importancia a temas de responsabilidad social empresarial. Se ilustra su uso con datos y una revisión de la literatura sobre Perú.

Análise da eficiência na geração de resíduos sólidos nos terminais de carga geral brasileiro utilizando DEA

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Breno Tostes de Gomes Garcia

2017-04-01

Full Text Available A partir da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos, o setor portuário brasileiro foi obrigado a gerenciar os resíduos sólidos gerados nos portos e terminais portuários. A partir disto, o levantamento do inventário dos resíduos, da carga movimentada e da quantidade de atracações possibilitou analisar a eficiência na geração dos resíduos sólidos dos terminais portuários cuja natureza da carga selecionada foi a carga geral.  Para isto, utilizou o modelo DEA BCC, por considerar retornos variáveis de escala, orientado a output. O resultado evidenciou que a DMU mais eficiente foi a que menos gerou resíduos sólidos da amostra, entretanto, uma DMU não apresentou o maior valor para a eficiência padrão, mas apresentou valor máximo na composta, gerando uma inconsistência nos resultados. Apesar disto, o modelo permitiu analisar as referências das DMU’s ineficientes, onde é possível ter mais de uma DMU eficiente como referência para se tornarem eficientes.

EFISIENSI PERBANKAN DI INDONESIA DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP RETURN SAHAM DENGAN PENDEKATAN DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS ( DEA

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Rina Sari Qurniawati

2014-06-01

Full Text Available The purpose of this study was to analyze bank efficiency listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX and to empirically determine the effect of bank efficiency listed in BEI toward stock performance reflected in stock returns. The sampling is bank listed in IDX from 2004 until 2008. DEA is used to measure the bank efficiency from each Decision Making Units  (DMUs,which is obtained as the maximum weight ratio of outputs and inputs. The result of banks efficiency using DEA approach indicated that most of Bank in Indonesia is efficient. Only 6 banks from 16 banks which have not yet reached the efficiency score over the 5 years. Meanwhile, the regression test did not revealed any effect of the bank efficiency in Indonesia toward stock return.

DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) assessment of operational and environmental efficiencies on Japanese regional industries

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goto, Mika; Otsuka, Akihiro; Sueyoshi, Toshiyuki

2014-01-01

A balance between industrial pollution and economic growth becomes a major policy issue to attain a sustainable society in the world. To discuss the problem from economics and business perspectives, this study proposes a new use of DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) as a methodology for unified (operational and environmental) assessment. A unique feature of the proposed approach is that it separates outputs into desirable and undesirable categories. Such separation is important because energy industries usually produce both desirable and undesirable outputs. This study discusses how to unify the two types of outputs under natural and managerial disposability. The proposed DEA approach evaluates various organizations by the three efficiency measures such as OE (Operational Efficiency), UEN (Unified Efficiency under Natural disposability) and UENM (Unified Efficiency under Natural and Managerial disposability). An important feature of UENM is that it separates inputs into two categories and unifies them under the two disposability concepts in addition to the proposed output separation and unification. This study incorporates an amount of capital assets for technology innovation, as one of the two input group, into the measurement of UENM. Then, it compares UENM with the other two efficiency measures. This study is the first research effort in which DEA has an analytical capability to quantify the importance of investment on capital assets for technology innovation. To confirm the practicality of the proposed approach, this study applies the three efficiency measures to a data set regarding manufacturing and non-manufacturing industries of 47 prefectures in Japan. This study empirically confirms the validity of Porter hypothesis in Japanese manufacturing industries, so implying that environmental regulation has been effective for betterment on the performance of Japanese manufacturing industries. Another important finding is that the emission of greenhouse gases is a

Qualitative Performance Evaluation of Hospitals Using DEA, Balanced Scorecard and Servqual; A Case Study of General Hospitals of Yazd

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M Asadi

2011-02-01

Full Text Available Introduction: Evaluation is an important factor in productivity context, and acts as a control system for other areas of productivity. Hospitals are large organizations incurring heavy expenses in every country. The level of efficiency in a hospital is a good criterion to understand how hospitals consume their resources. The goal of this research was to determine relative efficiency of 13 public hospitals in Yazd province by using integrated DEA, BSC and SERVQUAL model. Methods: In this study, relative efficiency of 13 public hospitals of Yazd province was calculated using data envelopment analysis technique(DEA and balanced score card and servqual. BSC was used as a tool for designing of performance evaluation indexes, while DEA was used as a tool of evaluating performance and ranking. Results: The mean relative efficiency of hospitals under study was about 0.945 in the Persian calendar year 2008-9. The efficiency levels of nine hospitals were borderline and the efficiency of four hospitals was less than 1. Hospital no.3 had the highest efficiency levels and hospital no.10 had the lowest efficiency level. Conclusion: In this stage, on the basis of references presented by the DEA model, solutions for increasing the quality performance levels of inefficient hospitals in fourth dimensions were determined and some suggestions were proposed. Although all performance indices of the inefficient hospitals need to be addressed, priorities have to be determined by the respective managers.

Morbi-mortalidad de la endarterectomía carotídea Morbidity and mortality of carotid endarterectomy

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Virginia A. Pujol Lereis

2011-10-01

Full Text Available La endarterectomía carotídea (EC en adición al mejor tratamiento médico mostró reducción del riesgo de eventos cerebrovasculares en pacientes sintomáticos y asintomáticos con estenosis moderada-grave del vaso en ensayos clínicos en centros académicos con cirujanos altamente seleccionados. Las principales guías internacionales recomiendan que el procedimiento se realice en centros con morbi-mortalidad auditada menor al 6% para pacientes sintomáticos y 3% para asintomáticos. Evaluamos la morbi-mortalidad peri-procedimiento en nuestro centro. Esta fue definida como la presencia de accidente cerebrovascular, infarto de miocardio y/o muerte dentro de los 30 días de la cirugía. Se indicó el procedimiento en pacientes sintomáticos con estenosis > 50%. En pacientes asintomáticos o sintomáticos con estenosis ≤ 50% se decidió el tratamiento sobre una base caso por caso. Todos los pacientes fueron examinados por un neurólogo y un cardiólogo antes y después de la EC. Se utilizó en forma rutinaria monitoreo intraoperatorio con Doppler transcraneano en los pacientes con adecuada ventana ultrasónica. Se evaluaron 306 endarterectomías carotídeas. No se registraron muertes. La morbilidad perioperatoria fue de 2.6% tanto para individuos sintomáticos como asintomáticos. Estos índices se compararon favorablemente con informes de otros centros de Latinoamérica y Europa. En conclusión, este informe muestra que la EC puede realizarse en la práctica clínica cotidiana con morbi-mortalidad peri-procedimiento dentro de los niveles recomendados por las guías internacionales.Clinical trials in academic centers with high selected surgeons have demonstrated the effectiveness of carotid endarterectomy (CE in addition to best medical treatment in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with moderate to severe stenosis. International guidelines recommend that the procedure should be done in centers with morbidity and mortality rates of less

A BSC-DEA approach to measure the relative efficiency of service industry: A case study of banking sector

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M. B. Aryanezhad

2011-04-01

Full Text Available Performance evaluation plays an important role in determining faults and difficulties of any organization as well as attempting to increase capabilities and improve activities. Data envelopment analysis (DEA, as a non-parametric method, has been one of the most important and significant management tools for measuring output or efficiency. In this paper, we propose a method to utilize balanced score card (BSC as a tool for designing performance evaluation indices of an organization. The integrated BSC-DEA has been applied as an empirical case for a major private bank organization and the results are analyzed.

Economic Feasibility Analysis for Renewable Energy Project Using an Integrated TFN–AHP–DEA Approach on the Basis of Consumer Utility

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Lu Gan

2017-12-01

Full Text Available A renewable energy (RE project has been brought into focus in recent years. Although there is quite a lot of research to assist investors in assessing the economic feasibility of the project, because of the lack of consideration of consumer utility, the existing approaches may still cause a biased result. In order to promote further development, this study focuses on the economic feasibility analysis of the RE project on the basis of consumer utility in the whole life cycle. Therefore, an integrated approach is proposed, which consists of triangular fuzzy numbers (TFNs, an analytic hierarchy process (AHP and data envelopment analysis (DEA. The first step is to determine the comprehensive cost index weights of DEA by TFN–AHP. Secondly, to solve the problem, the first DEA model, which is proposed by A. Charnes, W. W. Cooper and E. Rhodes (C2R, is established to calculate the DEA effectiveness. Then, the third task involves designing a computer-based intelligent interface (CBII to simplify realistic application and ensure performance efficiency. Finally, a solar water heater case study is demonstrated to validate the effectiveness of the entire method’s system. The study shows that this could make investors’ lives easier by using the CBII scientifically, reasonably and conveniently. Moreover, the research results could be easily extended to more complex real-world applications.

Absorption of Carbon Dioxide in the aqueous solution of Diethanolamine (DEA) blended with 1-Butyl-1-Methylpyrrolidinium Trifluoromethanesulfonate [BmPyrr][OTf] at high pressure

Science.gov (United States)

Jamaludin, S. N.; Salleh, R. M.

2018-03-01

Solubility data of carbon dioxide (CO2) in aqueous Diethanolamine (DEA) blended with 1-Butyl-1-Methylpyrrolidinium Trifluoromethanesulfonate [Bmpyrr][OTf] were measured at temperature 313.15K, 323.15K, 333.15K and pressure from 500psi up to 700 psi. The experiments covered over the concentration range of 0-10wt% for [Bmpyrr][OTf] and 30-40wt% for DEA. The solubility of CO2 was evaluated by measuring the pressure drop in high pressure stirred absorption cell reactor. The experimental results showed that CO2 loading in all DEA-[BmPyrr][OTf] mixtures studied increases with increasing of CO2 partial pressure and temperature. It was also found that the CO2 loading capacity increase significantly as the concentration of [Bmpyrr][OTf] increases. Jou and Mather model was used to predict the solubility of CO2 in the mixtures where the experimental data were correlated as a function of temperature and CO2 partial pressure. It was found that the model was successful in predicting the solubility behavior of the aqueous DEA-[Bmpyrr][OTf] systems considered in this study.

Effectiveness of maritime safety control in different navigation zones using a spatial sequential DEA model: Yangtze River case.

Science.gov (United States)

Wu, Bing; Wang, Yang; Zhang, Jinfen; Savan, Emanuel Emil; Yan, Xinping

2015-08-01

This paper aims to analyze the effectiveness of maritime safety control from the perspective of safety level along the Yangtze River with special considerations for navigational environments. The influencing variables of maritime safety are reviewed, including ship condition, maritime regulatory system, human reliability and navigational environment. Because the former three variables are generally assumed to be of the same level of safety, this paper focuses on studying the impact of navigational environments on the level of safety in different waterways. An improved data envelopment analysis (DEA) model is proposed by treating the navigational environment factors as inputs and ship accident data as outputs. Moreover, because the traditional DEA model cannot provide an overall ranking of different decision making units (DMUs), the spatial sequential frontiers and grey relational analysis are incorporated into the DEA model to facilitate a refined assessment. Based on the empirical study results, the proposed model is able to solve the problem of information missing in the prior models and evaluate the level of safety with a better accuracy. The results of the proposed DEA model are further compared with an evidential reasoning (ER) method, which has been widely used for level of safety evaluations. A sensitivity analysis is also conducted to better understand the relationship between the variation of navigational environments and level of safety. The sensitivity analysis shows that the level of safety varies in terms of traffic flow. It indicates that appropriate traffic control measures should be adopted for different waterways to improve their safety. This paper presents a practical method of conducting maritime level of safety assessments under dynamic navigational environment. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Efficiency measurement of Swiss shopping centers using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)

OpenAIRE

Alexandra Bay

2015-01-01

DEA as an Operations Research based linear programming approach for evaluating the relative performance of homogenous Decision Making Units (DMUs) is applied to Swiss shopping centers. Output-to-input efficiency ratios – as for example the sales productivity – incorporate one output (sales) and one input (sales area). Peer group comparisons (efficiency rankings) are difficult if multiple inputs and / or multiple outputs of different kind of data (quantitative, qualitative, categorical etc.) o...

DEA-Risk Efficiency and Stochastic Dominance Efficiency of Stock Indices

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Branda, M.; Kopa, Miloš

2012-01-01

Roč. 62, č. 2 (2012), s. 106-124 ISSN 0015-1920 R&D Projects: GA ČR GAP402/10/1610 Grant - others:GA ČR(CZ) GAP402/12/0558 Program:GA Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z10750506 Keywords : Data Envelopment Analysis * Risk measures * Index efficiency * Stochastic dominance Subject RIV: BB - Applied Statistics, Operational Research Impact factor: 0.340, year: 2012 http://library.utia.cas.cz/separaty/2012/E/branda-dea-risk efficiency and stochastic dominance efficiency of stock indices.pdf

Environmental efficiency analysis of transportation system in China: A non-radial DEA approach

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chang, Young-Tae; Zhang, Ning; Danao, Denise; Zhang, Nan

2013-01-01

Many countries are worried about reducing energy consumption and environmental pollution while increasing the productivity and efficiency of their industries. This study intends to contribute to the literature by proposing a non-radial DEA model with the slacks-based measure (SBM) to analyze the environmental efficiency of China's transportation sector. The results show that most of the provinces in China do not have an eco-efficient transportation industry. The environmental efficiency levels in most of the provinces are lower than 50% of the ideal or target level. Therefore, China's transportation industry is environmentally very inefficient. China can reduce a great deal of carbon emissions in each province ranging from at least 1.6 million TOEs in Qinghai and at most 33 million TOEs in Guangdong and Shanghai. - Highlights: • Propose a non-radial DEA model with the slacks-based measure. • Analyze the environmental efficiency of China's transportation sector. • China's transportation industry is environmentally very inefficient. • Millions of TOE carbon emissions can be reduced in most of the provinces

What is the best practice for benchmark regulation of electricity distribution? Comparison of DEA, SFA and StoNED methods

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kuosmanen, Timo; Saastamoinen, Antti; Sipiläinen, Timo

2013-01-01

Electricity distribution is a natural local monopoly. In many countries, the regulators of this sector apply frontier methods such as data envelopment analysis (DEA) or stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to estimate the efficient cost of operation. In Finland, a new StoNED method was adopted in 2012. This paper compares DEA, SFA and StoNED in the context of regulating electricity distribution. Using data from Finland, we compare the impacts of methodological choices on cost efficiency estimates and acceptable cost. While the efficiency estimates are highly correlated, the cost targets reveal major differences. In addition, we examine performance of the methods by Monte Carlo simulations. We calibrate the data generation process (DGP) to closely match the empirical data and the model specification of the regulator. We find that the StoNED estimator yields a root mean squared error (RMSE) of 4% with the sample size 100. Precision improves as the sample size increases. The DEA estimator yields an RMSE of approximately 10%, but performance deteriorates as the sample size increases. The SFA estimator has an RMSE of 144%. The poor performance of SFA is due to the wrong functional form and multicollinearity. - Highlights: • We compare DEA, SFA and StoNED methods in the context of regulation of electricity distribution. • Both empirical comparisons and Monte Carlo simulations are presented. • Choice of benchmarking method has a significant economic impact on the regulatory outcomes. • StoNED yields the most precise results in the Monte Carlo simulations. • Five lessons concerning heterogeneity, noise, frontier, simulations, and implementation

Winners in the urban champions league – A performance assessment of Japanese cities by means of dynamic and super-efficient DEA

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Soushi Suzuki

2018-04-01

Full Text Available This paper aims to provide an advanced dynamic efficiency assessment methodology for city performance strategies in Japan, based on an extended and super-efficient Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA. The use of this novel efficiency-improving approach originates from earlier research based on the so-called Distance Friction Minimisation (DFM method. In the present study we develop a new multi-period model from a blend of a Target-Oriented (TO DFM model including a dynamic approach. This new model is able to present a more realistic efficiency improvement projection comprising a dynamic system of target-settings to achieve a target improvement level so as to programme more realistic policy actions. The above-mentioned Dynamic TO-DFM model will be applied to and tested for a multi-dimensional efficiency assessment of several large Japanese cities. In this study, we consider due to comparative data limitations, two inputs (population and city budget and two outputs (GDP and tax revenues. Based on these items, this study assesses the relative economic performance of 16 Japanese big cities by means of the above described, extended super-efficient DEA model. Finally, we present an efficiency improvement programme based on the Dynamic TO-DFM model for enhancing the position of inefficient cites. Keywords: Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA, Distance Friction Minimization (DFM, super-efficiency, Target-oriented (TO model, Dynamic DEA model, performance assessment, Japanese cities

A multiplicative environmental DEA approach to measure efficiency changes in the world's major polluters

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Valadkhani, Abbas; Roshdi, Israfil; Smyth, Russell

2016-01-01

We propose a multiplicative environmental data envelopment analysis (ME-DEA) approach to measure the performance of 46 countries that generate most of the world's carbon dioxide (CO_2) emissions. In the model, we combine economic (labour and capital), environmental (freshwater) and energy inputs with a desirable output (GDP) and three undesirable outputs (CO_2, methane and nitrous oxide emissions). We rank each country according to the optimum use of its resources employing a multiplicative extension of environmental DEA models. By computing partial efficiency scores for each input and output separately, we thus identify major sources of inefficiency for all sample countries. Based on the partial efficiency scores obtained from the model, we define aggregate economic, energy and environmental efficiency indexes for 2002, 2007 and 2011, reflecting points in time before and after the official enactment of the Kyoto Protocol. We find that for most countries efficiency scores increase over this period. In addition, there exists a positive relationship between economic and environmental efficiency, although, at the same time, our results suggest that environmental efficiency cannot be realized without first reaching a certain threshold of economic efficiency. We also find support for the Paradox of Plenty, whereby an abundance of natural and energy resources results in their inefficient use. - Highlights: • This study proposes a multiplicative extension of environmental DEA models. • We examine how countries utilize energy, labour, capital and freshwater over time. • We measure how efficiently countries minimize the emissions of greenhouse gases. • Results support the Paradox of Plenty among 46 countries in 2002, 2007 and 2011. • Countries richest in oil and gas exhibited the worst energy efficiency.

A robust AHP-DEA method for measuring the relative efficiency: An application of airport industry

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Amin Foroughi

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Measuring the relative efficiency of similar units has been an important topic of research among many researchers. Data envelopment analysis has been one of the most important techniques for measuring the efficiency of different units. However, there are some limitations on using such technique and some people prefer to use other methods such as analytical hierarchy process to measure the relative efficiencies. Besides, uncertainty in the input data is another issue, which makes some misleading results. In this paper, we present an integrated robust DEA-AHP to measure the relative efficiency of similar units. The proposed model of this is believed to capable of presenting better results in terms of efficiency compared with exclusive usage of DEA or AHP. The implementation of the proposed model is demonstrated for a real-world case study of Airport industry and the results are analyzed.

Energy efficiency measures in China: A three-stage DEA analysis

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Cai, Yu; Xiong, Siqin; Ma, Xiaoming

2017-04-01

This paper measures energy efficiency of 30 regions in China during 2010-2014 by using the three-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) model. The results indict that environmental factors and random error both have significant impacts on energy efficiency. After eliminating these influences, the results present that the energy efficiency in developed regions is almost higher than that in undeveloped or resource-rich regions and low scale technical efficiency is the main constraining factor in inefficient regions. Based on the efficiency characteristics, this paper divides all regions into four types and provide differential energy strategies.

Propuesta de contenidos para una política turística sostenible en España

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Juan Ignacio Pulido Fernández

2013-01-01

Full Text Available El modelo turístico español adolece de serios déficit en materia de sostenibilidad. En un entorno crecientemente competitivo, en el que los destinos turísticos cada vez tienen menos margen para competir vía ventajas comparativas, la sostenibilidad se ha convertido en un factor estratégico al que no pueden renunciar los destinos españoles. Sin embargo, los expertos coinciden en que la política turística española ha prestado escasa atención a esta cuestión. Aquí se presentan los resultados de un estudio realizado con un grupo de expertos con el objeto de identi- ficar y priorizar los contenidos que debiera tener una futura agenda de intervención en materia de política turística en España que apostara por la sostenibilidad como elemento de diferenciación y competitividad del turismo español.

Atitudes em relação ao corpo e à alimentação de pacientes com anorexia e bulimia nervosa

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Aline Cavalcante de Souza

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Avaliar como se relacionam as atitudes alimentares e corporais de pacientes com anorexia ou bulimia nervosa. Métodos: Pacientes adultas de um ambulatório especializado, com diagnóstico de anorexia (n = 48 ou bulimia nervosa (n = 58, responderam à Disordered Eating Attitude Scale (DEAS para avaliação das atitudes alimentares e ao Body Attitude Questionnaire (BAQ para atitudes corporais – ambos traduzidos e validados para mulheres jovens do Brasil. A correlação entre os escores da DEAS e do BAQ foi avaliada utilizando o coeficiente de Pearson. Modelos de regressão linear testaram preditores para atitudes alimentares e corporais. Resultados: Pacientes com bulimia apresentam relação com o alimento mais disfuncional – subescala 1 da DEAS (p 0,6 para ambas apenas quando se analisou a relação com o alimento e o sentir-se gorda e entre atitudes corporais como um todo e a relação com o alimento. O escore total da DEAS foi preditor da BAQ total: cada um ponto na DEAS aumenta 0,788 na BAQ (R2 = 0,628. Conclusão: Pacientes com bulimia apresentam pior relação com o alimento e piores atitudes corporais. As atitudes corporais se correlacionaram com as atitudes alimentares, de maneira mais forte para pacientes com anorexia; atitudes alimentares mais disfuncionais predizem pior relação com o corpo para ambos os diagnósticos.

Determining and Optimizing Effective Factors in Laser Irradiation on Skin Tensional Strength using a Hybrid DOE and DEA Approach

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Mehdi Bashiri

2010-03-01

Full Text Available Introduction: We investigated the characteristic of a suitable irradiation on skin's tensional strength using design of experiments (DOE. The experiments in this research are designed in two phases and data envelopment analysis (DEA is used for performance measurement of each phase. Material and Methods: Samples were provided from pleura as surface tissue made of collagen and elastin fibers. In each experiment, the sample was stretched before and after irradiation. Variation of the sample length was measured. Then force-length data were plotted and the slope of the fitted line was calculated. Variation in these slopes was used as a criterion to determine tissue strength variation after laser irradiation. Furthermore, the output oriented DEA model by variable return to scale was used to examine performance of the designed experiments for each phase. Results: Results of the first phase experiments showed that the main effect of time duration was significant; but this was not the case for beam radius. Regarding polarization, only its interaction effect with time duration was significant. Results of the second phase indicated that laser irradiation with parallel polarization for 10 seconds caused a greater increase in tensional strength. Resultant efficiencies of applying DEA showed that the first phase experiments were more efficient. Discussion and Conclusions: This research has combined DEA and DOE to investigate the effects of laser on skin elasticity. Comparing the results of the two phases indicates that it is more efficient to use the experimental design of phase 1 in our experiment. So for similar future studies, we suggest using more levels for experiments of phase 1 instead of doing the experimental design in two phases.

Comparative study on DuPont analysis and DEA models for measuring stock performance using financial ratio

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Arsad, Roslah; Shaari, Siti Nabilah Mohd; Isa, Zaidi

2017-11-01

Determining stock performance using financial ratio is challenging for many investors and researchers. Financial ratio can indicate the strengths and weaknesses of a company's stock performance. There are five categories of financial ratios namely liquidity, efficiency, leverage, profitability and market ratios. It is important to interpret the ratio correctly for proper financial decision making. The purpose of this study is to compare the performance of listed companies in Bursa Malaysia using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and DuPont analysis Models. The study is conducted in 2015 involving 116 consumer products companies listed in Bursa Malaysia. The estimation method of Data Envelopment Analysis computes the efficiency scores and ranks the companies accordingly. The Alirezaee and Afsharian's method of analysis based Charnes, Cooper and Rhodes (CCR) where Constant Return to Scale (CRS) is employed. The DuPont analysis is a traditional tool for measuring the operating performance of companies. In this study, DuPont analysis is used to evaluate three different aspects such as profitability, efficiency of assets utilization and financial leverage. Return on Equity (ROE) is also calculated in DuPont analysis. This study finds that both analysis models provide different rankings of the selected samples. Hypothesis testing based on Pearson's correlation, indicates that there is no correlation between rankings produced by DEA and DuPont analysis. The DEA ranking model proposed by Alirezaee and Asharian is unstable. The method cannot provide complete ranking because the values of Balance Index is equal and zero.

Airports’ Operational Performance and Efficiency Evaluation Based on Multicriteria Decision Analysis (MCDA and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA Tools

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João Jardim

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Airport benchmarking depends on airports’ operational performance and efficiency indicators, which are important for business agents, operational managers, regulatory agencies, airlines and passengers. There are several sets of single and complex indicators to evaluate airports’ performance and efficiency as well as several techniques to benchmark such infrastructures. The general aim of this work is twofold: to balance the data envelopment analysis (DEA and multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA tools and to show that airport benchmarking is also possible using a multicriteria decision analysis tool called Measuring Attractiveness by a Categorical Based Evaluation Technique (MACBETH. Whilst DEA measures the relative performance in the presence of multiple inputs and outputs, MCDA/ MACBETH uses performance and efficiency indicators to support benchmark results, being useful for evaluating the real importance and weight of the selected indicators. The work is structured as follows: first, a state-of-the-art review concerning either airport benchmarking and performance indicators or DEA and MCDA tool techniques; second, an overview of the impacts on airports’ operational performance and efficiency of emergent operational factors (sudden meteorological/natural phenomena; third, two case studies on a set of worldwide airports and Madeira (FNC Airport; and fourth, some insights into and challenges for future research that are still under development.

The Fate of a Healing Goddess: Ocular Pathologies, the Antonine Plague, and the Ancient Roman Cult of Bona Dea

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Leonardo Ambasciano

2016-05-01

Full Text Available The aim of this article is to offer a diachronic and dynamic contextualisation of the ancient Roman cult of Bona Dea, connecting its cognitive underpinnings with its healing dimension. Special attention is devoted to the ocular concerns attested in the epigraphic inventory. The decline of the presence of Bona Dea on the religious scene, attested by the 3rd century CE, is considered to be the multi-causal result of the long-lasting, ocular side-effects of smallpox in the aftermath of the so-called Antonine Plague, which interacted with the correlated and prolonged lack of positive reinforcement concerning symptom relief and cognitive feedback.

Improving energy productivity of sunflower production using data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach.

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Avval, Seyed Hashem Mousavi; Rafiee, Shahin; Jafari, Ali; Mohammadi, Ali

2011-08-15

Efficient use of energy in agriculture is one of the conditions for sustainable agricultural production. This study applies the data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach to the data of 95 randomly selected farms to investigate the technical and scale efficiencies of farmers with respect to energy use for sunflower production in Golestan province, Iran. The study also helps to identify the wasteful usage and the optimum level of energy from different inputs. According to the results of DEA models, about 36% of farmers were found to be technically efficient and the mean efficiency of sunflower producers was found to be 0.87 and 0.96 under the constant and variable returns to scale assumptions respectively. The optimum energy requirement was calculated as 8448.3 MJ ha⁻¹; accordingly, a potential reduction of 10.8% (1020.3 MJ ha⁻¹) in total energy input could be achieved by raising the performance of farmers to the highest level. Applying a better machinery management technique and conservation tillage methods, application of fertilisers by performance monitoring and utilisation of alternative sources of energy such as compost and chopped residues may be the pathways for improving energy productivity and reducing the environmental footprint. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry.

Abordagem da dependencia de substancias psicoativas na adolescencia: reflexao etica para a enfermagem

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Cecilia Nogueira Valenca

2013-09-01

Full Text Available O uso indiscriminado de drogas entre os jovens cresce progressivamente no Brasil e no mundo. Este estudo objetivou refletir acerca da abordagem ética da enfermagem na atenção a adolescentes usuários de drogas lícitas e ilícitas. Trata-se de um estudo teórico de caráter reflexivo fundamentado em uma revisão bibliográfica do tipo narrativa, utilizando livros e artigos científicos. Emergiram reflexões sobre a dependência de substâncias psicoativas em expansão na adolescência que culminaram na discussão sobre a abordagem ética da enfermagem ao adolescente usuário de drogas. O enfermeiro pode priorizar uma assistência voltada para a promoção da saúde do adolescente em uma perspectiva emancipatória dos jovens na prevenção do uso de drogas. Concluiu-se que o enfermeiro deve realizar uma abordagem ética aos adolescentes dependentes químicos, considerando seu contexto e sua subjetividade.

Benchmarking road safety of U.S. states: a DEA-based Malmquist productivity index approach.

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Egilmez, Gokhan; McAvoy, Deborah

2013-04-01

In this study, a DEA based Malmquist index model was developed to assess the relative efficiency and productivity of U.S. states in decreasing the number of road fatalities. Even though the national trend in fatal crashes has reached to the lowest level since 1949 (Traffic Safety Annual Assessment Highlights, 2010), a state-by-state analysis and comparison has not been studied considering other characteristics of the holistic national road safety assessment problem in any work in the literature or organizational reports. In this study, a DEA based Malmquist index model was developed to assess the relative efficiency and productivity of 50 U.S. states in reducing the number of fatal crashes. The single output, fatal crashes, and five inputs were aggregated into single road safety score and utilized in the DEA-based Malmquist index mathematical model. The period of 2002-2008 was considered due to data availability for the inputs and the output considered. According to the results, there is a slight negative productivity (an average of -0.2 percent productivity) observed in the U.S. on minimizing the number of fatal crashes along with an average of 2.1 percent efficiency decline and 1.8 percent technological improvement. The productivity in reducing the fatal crashes can only be attributed to the technological growth since there is a negative efficiency growth is occurred. It can be concluded that even though there is a declining trend observed in the fatality rates, the efficiency of states in utilizing societal and economical resources towards the goal of zero fatality is not still efficient. More effective policy making towards increasing safety belt usage and better utilization of safety expenditures to improve road condition are derived as the key areas to focus on for state highway safety agencies from the scope of current research. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Life expectancy and health expenditure evolution in Eastern Europe-DiD and DEA analysis.

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Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B; Vukovic, Mira; Fontanesi, John

2016-08-01

Exploration of long-term health expenditure and longevity trends across three major sub-regions of Eastern Europe since 1989. 24 countries were classified as EU 2004, CIS, or SEE. European Health for All Database (HFA-DB) 1989-2012 data were processed using difference-in-difference (DiD) and data envelopment analysis (DEA). The strongest expenditure growth was recorded in EU 2004 followed by SEE and the CIS. A surprisingly similar longevity increase was present in SEE and EU 2004. In 1989, countries that joined EU in 2004 were relatively inefficient in the number of life-years gained yet had a lower life expectancy than the SEE region and was only slightly higher than the CIS region (DEA). By 2012 the revenue spent was roughly linear to additional life-year expectancies. EU 2004 members were the best performers in terms of balanced longevity increase followed by health expenditure growth. The SEE economies' longevity gains were lagging slightly behind at a far lower cost. An extrapolated CIS expenditure to longevity increase ratio has the fastest-growing long-term promise.

Evaluation of Student's Environment by DEA Models

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F. Moradi

2016-11-01

Full Text Available The important question here is, is there real evaluation in educational advance? In other words, if a student has been successful in mathematics or has been unsuccessful in mathematics, is it possible to find the reasons behind his advance or, is it possible to find the reasons behind his advance or weakness? If we want to respond to this significant question, it should be said that factors of educational advance must be divided into 5 main groups. 1-family, 2-teacher, 3- students 4-school and 5-manager of 3 schools It can then be said that a student's score does not just depend on a factor that people have imaged From this, it can be concluded that by using the DEA and SBM models, each student's efficiency must be researched and the factors of the student's strengths and weaknesses must be analyzed.

Applying DEA sensitivity analysis to efficiency measurement of Vietnamese universities

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Thi Thanh Huyen Nguyen

2015-11-01

Full Text Available The primary purpose of this study is to measure the technical efficiency of 30 doctorate-granting universities, the universities or the higher education institutes with PhD training programs, in Vietnam, applying the sensitivity analysis of data envelopment analysis (DEA. The study uses eight sets of input-output specifications using the replacement as well as aggregation/disaggregation of variables. The measurement results allow us to examine the sensitivity of the efficiency of these universities with the sets of variables. The findings also show the impact of variables on their efficiency and its “sustainability”.

Chloraea riojana (Chloraeinae-Orchidaceae), una nueva orquídea argentina

OpenAIRE

Sobral, Ana; Novoa, Patricio

2013-01-01

Se describe una nueva especie de orquídea del género Chloraea, secc. Foliosae. Encontrada en provincia de La Rioja, representa el nuevo límite sur de distribución de la sección, presente desde el sudoeste de Perú hasta el noroeste de Argentina. Las diferencias significativas, morfológicas (de color del perigonio), fenológicas y la separación geográfica con las otras especies del género justifican la creación de este nuevo taxón. La diferencia más evidente con las especies afines (Chloraea pra...

Substratos alternativos ao xaxim e adubação de plantas de orquídea na fase de aclimatização Alternative substrates to xaxim and fertilization on orchids plantlets acclimatization phase

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Aparecida Gomes de Araujo

2007-04-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se estudar substratos e adubação em plantas de orquídea da espécie C. loddgesii "Alba" x C. loddgesii "Atibaia". Plantas oriundas de cultivo in vitro foram transplantadas para bandejas coletivas contendo pó de xaxim e aclimatizadas em casa de vegetação. Após seis meses, quando as plantas tinham de 3,0 a 5,0cm de comprimento, foram transferidas para bandejas de plástico com 24 células de 150cm³ cada contendo os substratos brita no 0, casca de arroz carbonizada (CAC, xaxim desfibrado e fibra de piaçava e submetidas a adubações semanais com Biofert Plus® (5,0mL L-1, Dyna-Grow® (2,5mL L-1 e formulação elaborada. Após 12 meses, verificou-se que os melhores substratos para plantas da orquídea C. loddgesii "Alba" x C. loddgesii "Atibaia" são casca de arroz carbonizada e fibra de piaçava, e melhores respostas à adubação são obtidas com o adubo foliar Biofert Plus®.This paper was aimed at studing different substrates and fertilization for the development of C. loddgesii 'Alba' x C. loddgesii 'Atibaia' orchid species. Seedlings from in vitro culture were transplanted to plastic trays containing xaxim powder. After 6-months of acclimatization inside a greenhouse, plantles measuring beetwen 3.0 to 5.0cm length were transferred to 24 cell trays with a volume of 150cm³. Four substrates were tested (broken stone number 0, carbonized rice hulls, defibered xaxim and piassava fiber with tree different fertilizations (Biofert Plus®, Dyna Grow® and a specific formulation developed for this work. Pure water was tested as control. After 12-months of growth the best treatments for the acclimatization of in vitro produced C. loddgesii 'Alba' x C. loddgesii 'Atibaia' orchid plantlets were carbonized rice hulls or piassava fiber substrates combined with leaf fertilizer Biofert Plus®.

Automobile Industry Strategic Alliance Partner Selection: The Application of a Hybrid DEA and Grey Theory Model

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Chia-Nan Wang

2016-02-01

Full Text Available Finding the right strategic alliance partner is a critical success factor for many enterprises. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to propose an effective approach based on grey theory and data envelopment analysis (DEA for selecting better partners for alliance. This study used grey forecasting to predict future business performances and used DEA for the partner selection of alliances. This research was implemented with realistic public data in four consecutive financial years (2009–2012 of the world’s 20 biggest automobile enterprises. Nissan Motor Co., Ltd was set to be the target decision making unit (DMU. The empirical results showed that, among 19 candidate DMUs, Renault (DMU10 and Daimler (DMU11 were the two feasible beneficial alliance partners for Nissan. Although this research is specifically applied to the automobile industry, the proposed method could also be applied to other manufacturing industries.

The Best Path Analysis in Military Highway Transport Based on DEA and Multiobjective Fuzzy Decision-Making

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Wu Juan

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Military transport path selection directly affects the transport speed, efficiency, and safety. To a certain degree, the results of the path selection determine success or failure of the war situation. The purpose of this paper is to propose a model based on DEA (data envelopment analysis and multiobjective fuzzy decision-making for path selection. The path decision set is established according to a search algorithm based on overlapping section punishment. Considering the influence of various fuzzy factors, the model of optimal path is constructed based on DEA and multitarget fuzzy decision-making theory, where travel time, transport risk, quick response capability, and transport cost constitute the evaluation target set. A reasonable path set can be calculated and sorted according to the comprehensive scores of the paths. The numerical results show that the model and the related algorithms are effective for path selection of military transport.

Utilização da elódea (Egeria densa na alimentação de suínos = The use of pondweed (Egeria densa in pig feed

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Wilson Moreira Dutra Júnior

2009-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho zootécnico, orendimento de carcaça e a viabilidade econômica da inclusão da elódea brasileira (Egeria densa em rações para suínos nas fases de crescimento e terminação. Foram utilizadas 32 fêmeas suínas, linhagem comercial Dalland C-40, com peso vivo inicial de 23 ± 1,05 kg, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso. Os tratamentos experimentais consistiram de quatro rações isoenergéticas e isoproteicas com níveis crescentes de inclusão da elódea (0, 5, 10 e 15%. A inclusão da elódea influenciou de forma quadrática o consumo de ração, reduziu linearmente o ganho de peso médio diário eaumentou linearmente a conversão alimentar. O peso de carcaça quente o rendimento de carcaça e a espessura de toucinho apresentara comportamento linear decrescente. A ingestão de cádmio não provocou toxidez nos animais e nem afetou a sua concentração no fígado e rins. A viabilidade econômica em função do peso vivo e do peso da carcaça quente apresentou comportamento quadrático. Conclui-se que ainclusão de elódea representou piora na conversão alimentar e no ganho de peso, porém economicamente é viável incluí-la até 6,5% na ração de fêmeas suínas nas fases de crescimento e terminação.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance livestock, carcass yield and economic viability of including Brazilian elódea (Egeria densa in feed for pigs during the growing and finishingphases. We used 32 females, Dalland C-40 commercial line, with initial body weight of 23 ± 1.05 kg, distributed in a completely randomized design. The experimental treatments consisted of four isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets with crescents levels of inclusion of elodea (0, 5, 10 and 15%. The inclusion of elodea took one quadratic effect of the feed intake, decreased linear of the average daily weight gain and increased linearly the feedconversion. The variables of carcass

PRODUCTIVITY AND EFFICIENCY OF AGRICULTURAL AND NON AGRICULTURAL BANKS IN THE UNITED STATES: DEA APPROACH

OpenAIRE

Dias, Weeratilake

1998-01-01

Efficient operation of agricultural credit markets is very important both for the producer as well as for the policy makers. DEA approach is used to calculate productivity analysis which allows decomposition of sources of productivity changes into efficiency and technical change. Measured efficiencies are comparable to most recent parametric studies.

An assessment of diagnostic efficiency by Taguchi/DEA methods.

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Taner, Mehmet Tolga; Sezen, Bulent

2009-01-01

The aim of this paper is to propose a new, objective and consistent method for the calculation of the diagnostic efficiency in medical applications. In this study, a hybrid method of Taguchi and DEA is proposed. This method reflects the diversity of inputs and outputs by incorporating the stepwise application of sensitivity, specificity, leveling threshold, and efficiency score. A hypothetical case study is given which involves eight readers of X-ray films in clinical radiology. The selected pairs of sensitivity and specificity yielded two efficient readers. After super efficiency analysis, Reader 6 is found to be the most efficient reader. The paper presents a new, objective and consistent method for the calculation of the diagnostic efficiency in medical applications.

Energy efficiency of China's industry sector: An adjusted network DEA (data envelopment analysis)-based decomposition analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu, Yingnan; Wang, Ke

2015-01-01

The process of energy conservation and emission reduction in China requires the specific and accurate evaluation of the energy efficiency of the industry sector because this sector accounts for 70 percent of China's total energy consumption. Previous studies have used a “black box” DEA (data envelopment analysis) model to obtain the energy efficiency without considering the inner structure of the industry sector. However, differences in the properties of energy utilization (final consumption or intermediate conversion) in different industry departments may lead to bias in energy efficiency measures under such “black box” evaluation structures. Using the network DEA model and efficiency decomposition technique, this study proposes an adjusted energy efficiency evaluation model that can characterize the inner structure and associated energy utilization properties of the industry sector so as to avoid evaluation bias. By separating the energy-producing department and energy-consuming department, this adjusted evaluation model was then applied to evaluate the energy efficiency of China's provincial industry sector. - Highlights: • An adjusted network DEA (data envelopment analysis) model for energy efficiency evaluation is proposed. • The inner structure of industry sector is taken into account for energy efficiency evaluation. • Energy final consumption and energy intermediate conversion processes are separately modeled. • China's provincial industry energy efficiency is measured through the adjusted model.

"Lar, doce Lar": a perspetiva de morrer em casa...

OpenAIRE

Costa, Tânia; Souza, Cláudia; Coelho, Patrícia

2012-01-01

O avanço tecnológico contribuiu para generalizar a hospitalização do doente terminal. Contudo, contrariamente ao ambiente hospitalar, o domicílio detém componentes que proporcionam segurança, conforto e esperança no doente. Identificar as necessidades dos doentes/família em cuidados paliativos domiciliários para colmatar as lacunas entre cuidados atuais e desejos dos doentes. Priorizar e orientar a intervenção em cuidados paliativos.

DEA-BASED INVESTMENT STRATEGY AND ITS APPLICATION IN THE CROATIAN STOCK MARKET

OpenAIRE

Margareta Gardijan; Vedran Kojić

2012-01-01

This paper describes the DEA-based investment strategy for constructing of a stock portfolio in the Croatian stock market. The relative efficiency of the DMUs, which are in this case the selected stocks from Zagreb Stock Exchange, is obtained from the output oriented CCR and BCC models. The set of inputs consists of risk measures, namely return variance, Value at Risk (VaR) and beta coefficient $(\\beta)$, while monthly return represents an output. Following the „efficiency scores“, obtained f...

Technical evaluation of hybrid membrane/DEA modeling. Topical report, January 1990-August 1990

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Changela, M.K.; McKee, R.L.; Reading, G.J.

1991-08-01

The report examines the potential for cost and/or performance advantages of a hybrid system, the integration of membranes and amines, over a single-stage membrane or amine system for producing pipeline quality gas on a small scale from high carbon dioxide subquality natural gas. The hybrid configuration evaluated is a membrane system in series with a conventional diethanolamine (DEA) system. Comparison of the established costs shows that each system has a region of operability. Membranes offer higher cost savings at low feed flow rates and high carbon dioxide feed contents. The hybrid system offers cost savings over moderate to high feed flow rates and for moderate to high carbon dioxide feed contents. The DEA system offers cost savings for moderate to high feed flow rates at low to moderate carbon dioxide feed contents. Membranes do not exhibit economies of scale which works to their advantage for removing carbon dioxide on a small scale. Processing costs for amine systems are more sensitive to economies of scale, and thus decrease more rapidly than for membranes at higher feed flow rates. The hybrid system offers cost savings in regions that have been perceived as exclusively amine treating applications, thus increasing the area of operability for membranes

DEA as a business failure prediction tool. Application to the case of galician SMEs

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Pablo de Llano Monelos

2014-01-01

variables y ratios clásicas nos lleva a determinar un punto de partida mediante la construcción de un modelo matemático que sirva de referencia. En este sentido, hemos reducido el ámbito de estudio a Pyme no financieras gallegas con el fin de desarrollar un modelo que permita diagnosticar y pronosticar el fracaso empresarial. Hemos desarrollado los modelos con base en variables financieras relevantes desde la óptica de la lógica financiera, la tensión y el fracaso financiero, aplicando tres metodologías de análisis: discriminante, logit y lineal multivariante. Por último, hemos cerrado el primer ciclo, utilizando la programación matemática DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis con el fin de fundamentar la determinación del fracaso. El uso simultáneo de los modelos se explica por la voluntad de comparar sus respectivas conclusiones y buscar elementos de complementariedad. La capacidad de pronóstico lograda nos permite afirmar que los modelos obtenidos son satisfactorios. No obstante, el DEA presenta determinados puntos críticos significativos en cuanto a su aplicabilidad al pronóstico del fallo empresarial.

Análisis de la eficiencia en las cooperativas de ahorro y crédito en Colombia, mediante la utilización de la técnica de Análisis de Datos Envolvente DEA, periodo 2008-2011

OpenAIRE

Moreno Sierra, Vivian Carolina; Rey Huertas, Luis Eduardo

2015-01-01

La presente estudio pretende analizar la eficiencia en las cooperativas de ahorro y crédito en Colombia, mediante la utilización de la técnica de análisis de datos envolvente (DEA); el trabajo investigativo es importante analizar al subsector cooperativo de ahorro y crédito para el periodo 2008-2011 debido a que este subsector es el más dinámico del sector cooperativo. La identificación de las cooperativas eficientes requiere de la aplicación de una técnica no paramétrica mediante el análisis...

The DEA – FUZZY ANP Department Ranking Model Applied in Iran Amirkabir University

OpenAIRE

Serpil Erol; Babak Daneshvar Rouyendegh

2010-01-01

Proposed in this study is a hybrid model for supporting the department selectionprocess within Iran Amirkabir University. This research is a two-stage model designed tofully rank the organizational departments where each department has multiple inputs andoutputs. First, the department evaluation problem is formulated by Data EnvelopmentAnalysis (DEA) and separately formulates each pair of units. In the second stage, the pairwiseevaluation matrix generated in the first stage is utilized to ful...

Network DEA: an application to analysis of academic performance

Science.gov (United States)

Saniee Monfared, Mohammad Ali; Safi, Mahsa

2013-05-01

As governmental subsidies to universities are declining in recent years, sustaining excellence in academic performance and more efficient use of resources have become important issues for university stakeholders. To assess the academic performances and the utilization of the resources, two important issues need to be addressed, i.e., a capable methodology and a set of good performance indicators as we consider in this paper. In this paper, we propose a set of performance indicators to enable efficiency analysis of academic activities and apply a novel network DEA structure to account for subfunctional efficiencies such as teaching quality, research productivity, as well as the overall efficiency. We tested our approach on the efficiency analysis of academic colleges at Alzahra University in Iran.

Hongos endófitos de orquídeas y su efecto sobre el crecimiento en Vanilla planifolia Andrews

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Nancy Fiorela Ordóñez C

2012-07-01

Full Text Available Los endófitos son microorganismos que crecen dentro de los tejidos vegetales sin causar síntomas de enfermedad. Aquellos asociados a las raíces tienen, entre otros posibles beneficios la defensa contra patógenos y un aumento en la disponibilidad de nutrientes. En el presente estudio se aislaron hongos endófitos de raíces de orquídeas del género Vanilla en estado silvestre, con el fin de determinar su efecto sobre el crecimiento de plantas de V. planifolia cuando se inocularon en el sustrato. Los resultados mostraron que variables como biomasa aérea, longitud de raíces y altura de la planta son afectadas por la inoculación de estos endófitos. La efectividad de estos hongos sobre la protección de plantas o la estimulación en el crecimiento contribuye a la generación de herramientas para el uso de bioinoculantes. De esta forma se reduce el uso de insumos químicos y se promueven prácticas amigables con el ambiente en sistemas de cultivo de vainilla.

Supplier Selection Study under the Respective of Low-Carbon Supply Chain: A Hybrid Evaluation Model Based on FA-DEA-AHP

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Xiangshuo He

2018-02-01

Full Text Available With the development of global environment and social economy, it is an indispensable choice for enterprises to achieve sustainable growth through developing low-carbon economy and constructing low-carbon supply chain. Supplier is the source of chain, thus selecting excellent low-carbon supplier is the foundation of establishing efficient low-carbon supply chain. This paper presents a novel hybrid model for supplier selection integrated factor analysis (FA, data envelopment analysis (DEA, with analytic hierarchy process (AHP, namely FA-DEA-AHP. First, an evaluation index system is built, incorporating product level, qualification, cooperation ability, and environmental competitiveness. FA is utilized to extract common factors from the 18 pre-selected indicators. Then, DEA is applied to establish the pairwise comparison matrix and AHP is employed to rank these low-carbon suppliers comprehensively and calculate the validity of the decision-making units. Finally, an experiment study with seven cement suppliers in a large industrial enterprise is carried out in this paper. The results reveal that the proposed technique can not only select effective suppliers, but also realize a comprehensive ranking. This research has enriched the methodology of low-carbon supplier evaluation and selection, as well as owns theoretical value in exploring the coordinated development of low-carbon supply chain to some extent.

Data envelopment analysis - DEA and fuzzy sets to assess the performance of academic departments: a case study at Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC

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Lopes Ana Lúcia Miranda

2002-01-01

Full Text Available This paper address the issue of performance evaluation - productivity and quality - of academic departments at an University. A DEA model was used to simulate a process of cross-evaluation between departments. The results of DEA in the dimensions of teaching, research, service and quality were modeled as fuzzy numbers and then aggregated through a weighted ordered aggregator. A single index of performance for each department was generated. The proposal is to identify departments with low performance in one or more dimensions that should receive additional evaluation from an external auditing committee. A by-product of the model is to enlarge the possibility of working with more variables than a conventional DEA model. The model applied to a set of fifty-eight departments of a Brazilian University showed fifteen with low performance. Zero correlation between department teaching, research and service were observed. Weak correlation was detected between research productivity and quality. Weak scale effects were detected.

Allocation of Energy Consumption among Provinces in China: A Weighted ZSG-DEA Model

OpenAIRE

Siqin Xiong; Yushen Tian; Junping Ji; Xiaoming Ma

2017-01-01

To realize the sustainable development of energy, the Chinese government has formulated a series of national goals of total energy control and energy structure optimization. Under the national constraints, how to efficiently allocate the constrained total amount of energy consumption to each province is a fundamental problem to be solved. Based on a data envelopment analysis (DEA) model and a zero-sum game theory (ZSG), this paper constructs a weighted zero-sum game data envelopment analysis ...

A DESCRIÇÃO COMO FERRAMENTA FUNDAMENTAL PARA UMA BOA COMUNICAÇÃO

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Sérgio Brasil Fernandes

2012-07-01

Full Text Available A descrição é um dos principais modos de organização do discurso, pois é por intermédio dela que se adquire a base fundamental para bem utilizar outras formas de organizar a redação de um texto. A descrição viabiliza a possibilidade de as pessoas terem a noção particular e individual sobre si mesmas e sobre tudo o que as envolve. Enfatiza-se que a construção das imagens que constituem o mundo em que vivemos ocorre através dos cinco sentidos (visão, audição, olfato, paladar e tato e da imaginação criadora do ser humano. Explicitar todos esses aspectos fomentou a elaboração deste estudo que tem por objetivo demonstrar a importância da descrição como ferramenta fundamental para uma boa comunicação. Para isso, utilizou-se a pesquisa bibliográfica de natureza qualitativa como metodologia neste trabalho que se caracteriza como um estudo exploratório. Do referencial teórico que embasou o trabalho, cabe ressaltar que a descrição é a forma mais natural no ser humano de produzir um texto porque os instrumentos do descrever, ou seja, os sentidos humanos, já estão em nós e constituem os elementos vitais da nossa sensibilidade (AMARAL; ANTÔNIO; PATROCÍNIO, 2001. Neste estudo, por meio da análise de diversos tipos de texto, são identificadas técnicas descritivas e formas de influência exercidas pela descrição nos modos de organização do discurso narrativo e argumentativo. Em síntese, é preciso priorizar o estudo da descrição como modo de organização do discurso essencial para a obtenção de conhecimento de mundo e para a realização de uma comunicação precisa e eficaz.

INVESTOR’S PREFERENCE MODEL FOR DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS MID (DEA IN BRAZILIAN

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Mara Vogt

2018-01-01

Full Text Available This study had aimed to analyze the preferred model investor through data envelopment analysis (DEA in Brazilian companies. We conducted a descriptive research with quantitative approach and through document analysis with secondary data. The study population comprised 50 companies listed on the BM&Bovespa IBrX50 and the sample had been composed of 46 companies that presented all the necessary data for analysis of data from 2013 to 2015. To analyze the results we used the method DEA to identify companies that are efficient to in connection to risk and expected return on the stock market, these serving as the preferred model. The results have indicated that the best option for investor would be Ambev companies, BRF, Cetip, Cosan, Itausa, Klabin, Multiplan, Telefonica Brazil and Ultrapar Participações, as these companies had maximum efficiency scores, that is, the score value 1.0.Each company who has that score have expected return that none in the sample managed to overcome with less risk and even equal. The results also indicate that several companies have been above average efficiency score and below average, indicating that there are significant differences in efficiency between the companies analyzed. It is concluded that the efficiency of the sample front companies the capital market is considered satisfactory, since the existence of inefficiencies in many companies prevents IBrX50 index reaches its maximum potential over the actions and the risk and return expected by investors.

Research of Strategic Alliance Stable Decision-making Model Based on Rough Set and DEA

OpenAIRE

Zhang Yi

2013-01-01

This article uses rough set theory for stability evaluation system of strategic alliance at first. Uses data analysis method for reduction, eliminates redundant indexes. Selected 6 enterprises as a decision-making unit, then select 4 inputs and 2 outputs indexes data, using DEA model to calculate, analysis reasons for poor benefit of decision-making unit, find out improvement direction and quantity for changing, provide a reference for the alliance stability.

The input and output management of solid waste using DEA models: A case study at Jengka, Pahang

Science.gov (United States)

Mohamed, Siti Rosiah; Ghazali, Nur Fadzrina Mohd; Mohd, Ainun Hafizah

2017-08-01

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) as a tool for obtaining performance indices has been used extensively in several of organizations sector. The ways to improve the efficiency of Decision Making Units (DMUs) is impractical because some of inputs and outputs are uncontrollable and in certain situation its produce weak efficiency which often reflect the impact for operating environment. Based on the data from Alam Flora Sdn. Bhd Jengka, the researcher wants to determine the efficiency of solid waste management (SWM) in town Jengka Pahang using CCRI and CCRO model of DEA and duality formulation with vector average input and output. Three input variables (length collection in meter, frequency time per week in hour and number of garbage truck) and 2 outputs variables (frequency collection and the total solid waste collection in kilogram) are analyzed. As a conclusion, it shows only three roads from 23 roads are efficient that achieve efficiency score 1. Meanwhile, 20 other roads are in an inefficient management.

The application of DEA model in enterprise environmental performance auditing

Science.gov (United States)

Li, F.; Zhu, L. Y.; Zhang, J. D.; Liu, C. Y.; Qu, Z. G.; Xiao, M. S.

2017-01-01

As a part of society, enterprises have an inescapable responsibility for environmental protection and governance. This article discusses the feasibility and necessity of enterprises environmental performance auditing and uses DEA model calculate the environmental performance of Haier for example. The most of reference data are selected and sorted from Haier’s environmental reportspublished in 2008, 2009, 2011 and 2015, and some of the data from some published articles and fieldwork. All the calculation results are calculated by DEAP software andhave a high credibility. The analysis results of this article can give corporate managements an idea about using environmental performance auditing to adjust their corporate environmental investments capital quota and change their company’s environmental strategies.

Cost efficiency with triangular fuzzy number input prices: An application of DEA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bagherzadeh Valami, H.

2009-01-01

The cost efficiency model (CE) has been considered by researchers as a Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model for evaluating the efficiency of DMUs. In this model, the possibility of producing the outputs of a target DMU is evaluated by the input prices of the DMU. This provides a criterion for evaluating the CE of DMUs. The main contribution of this paper is to provide an approach for generalizing the CE of DMUs when their input prices are triangular fuzzy numbers, where preliminary concepts of fuzzy theory and CE, are directly used.

Analyzing the Operations Strategies of Manufacturing Firms Using a Hybrid Grey DEA approach – A case of Fars Cement Companies in Iran

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Mohamad Amin Kaviani

2014-11-01

Full Text Available In competitive markets, the operations strategies of companies are normally formulated based on their competitive advantages. An effective operations strategy should maintain and improve competitive advantages based on the capabilities of the corporate operations resources. Considering the market requirements and the operational performance of the rivals is the key for success and survival of a company in the competition. Therefore, recognizing where a company stands in comparison with its rivals and adopting the appropriate operations strategy plays vital roles in the success of companies. This paper proposes a method for comparing and ranking operations strategies of companies based on the concept of efficient frontier using data envelopment analysis (DEA in grey environment. In the aforementioned method, DEA is used to evaluate the efficiency of operations strategies of manufacturing firms. Also, grey theory is used to support the uncertainty of the experts’ opinions regarding the inputs and outputs of the DEA model. Then the respective units are ranked, and analyses are performed. The proposed approach is applied for the entire nine cement factories of Fars Province in Iran, and the units are ranked, respective analyses are presented regarding the efficient and inefficient units.

A new DEA-GAHP method for supplier selection problem

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Behrooz Ahadian

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Supplier selection is one of the most important decisions made in supply chain management. Supplier evaluation problem has been in the center of supply chain researcher’s attention in these years. Managers regard some of these studies and methods inappropriate due to simple, weight scoring methods that generally are based on subjective opinions and judgments of decision maker units involved in the supplier evaluation process yielding imprecise and even unreliable results. This paper seeks to propose a methodology to integrate data envelopment analysis (DEA and group analytical hierarchy process (GAHP for evaluating and selecting the most efficient supplier. We develop a methodology, which consists of 6 steps, one by one has been introduced in lecture and finally applicability of proposed method is indicated by assessing 12 suppliers in a numerical example.

UNA POLÍTICA ALIMENTARIA PARA TIEMPOS DE CRISIS

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Gustavo Gordillo

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo revisa el concepto de seguridad alimentaria. A partir de éste sugiere que es necesario considerar tanto la producción como el acceso a los alimentos como parte de una misma estrategia. Esto requiere implicar y al mismo tiempo fortalecer las capacidades nacionales, regionales y de las comunidades locales, prio-rizar el potencial de las comunidades, los agricultores y los ciudadanos de construir y apropiarse de las políticas alimentarias y de manera señalada la promoción a redes locales y regionales de productores de alimentos y consumidores. Argumenta que el propósito de entrecruzar en vez de confrontar el discurso de la seguridad alimen-taria y de la soberanía es una de las vías para avanzar en la discusión. Asimismo, argumenta que el significado de una política alimentaria en tiempos de crisis parte de la necesidad de enfrentar la desarticulación productiva y la desintegración social prevalecientes en el medio rural con una estrategia de reconstrucción institucional basada en la autonomía de los habitantes rurales y en una dinámica de intervencio-nes estatales a partir de una elaboración institucional inteligente capaz de aprender y adaptarse a las situaciones heterogéneas y cambiantes en el ámbito rural.

DEA (data envelopment analysis)-assisted supporting measures for ground coupled heat pumps implementing in Italy: A case study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Longo, L.; Colantoni, A.; Castellucci, S.; Carlini, M.; Vecchione, L.; Savuto, E.; Pallozzi, V.; Di Carlo, A.; Bocci, E.; Moneti, M.; Cocchi, S.; Boubaker, K.

2015-01-01

Nowadays, the increasing of the energy consumption is producing serious global warming issues. Mainly most of greenhouse gas emissions in developed countries come from building equipments. In this context, GCHPs (ground coupled heat pumps) are candidate solution as air conditioning systems in buildings due to their higher efficiency compared to conventional devices. Actually, ground coupled heat pump systems are widely, recognized among the most efficient and comfortable used systems. Nevertheless, economic efficiency of the ground coupled heat pumps has to be proved. In this study, DEA (data envelopment analyses) method is applied to a real case in Italy. - Highlights: • Original investigation in terms of energy demands in buildings. • Gathering conjoint classical and scientific analyses. • Presenting original DEA (data envelopment analysis) economic optimization scheme analyses. • Outlining economical feasibility of an efficient low enthalpy-geothermal plant with GCHP (ground coupled heat pump) exchangers.

Selection Input Output by Restriction Using DEA Models Based on a Fuzzy Delphi Approach and Expert Information

Science.gov (United States)

Arsad, Roslah; Nasir Abdullah, Mohammad; Alias, Suriana; Isa, Zaidi

2017-09-01

Stock evaluation has always been an interesting problem for investors. In this paper, a comparison regarding the efficiency stocks of listed companies in Bursa Malaysia were made through the application of estimation method of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). One of the interesting research subjects in DEA is the selection of appropriate input and output parameter. In this study, DEA was used to measure efficiency of stocks of listed companies in Bursa Malaysia in terms of the financial ratio to evaluate performance of stocks. Based on previous studies and Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM), the most important financial ratio was selected. The results indicated that return on equity, return on assets, net profit margin, operating profit margin, earnings per share, price to earnings and debt to equity were the most important ratios. Using expert information, all the parameter were clarified as inputs and outputs. The main objectives were to identify most critical financial ratio, clarify them based on expert information and compute the relative efficiency scores of stocks as well as rank them in the construction industry and material completely. The methods of analysis using Alirezaee and Afsharian’s model were employed in this study, where the originality of Charnes, Cooper and Rhodes (CCR) with the assumption of Constant Return to Scale (CSR) still holds. This method of ranking relative efficiency of decision making units (DMUs) was value-added by the Balance Index. The interested data was made for year 2015 and the population of the research includes accepted companies in stock markets in the construction industry and material (63 companies). According to the ranking, the proposed model can rank completely for 63 companies using selected financial ratio.

Alterações de difusão e perfusão cerebral por RM em angioplastia carotídea com \\"stent\\" sob proteção cerebral por filtros

OpenAIRE

Antenor Tavares de Sá Júnior

2009-01-01

INTRODUÇÃO: A angioplastia carotídea com stent (ACS) sob proteção cerebral é opção terapêutica em pacientes com estenose carotídea. Existe o risco de embolia apesar da utilização do filtro e as modificações na perfusão cerebral após tratamento da estenose carotídea não são claras. O propósito deste estudo é avaliar, após ACS sob proteção cerebral por filtros, modificações nas seqüências de RM de difusão (DWI) e perfusão (PWI), correlacionando-as com os aspectos técnicos da ACS, com as caracte...

Evaluación del efecto de dos suplementos orgánicos en la germinación in vitro de orquídeas nativas de la provincia de Pamplona, Colombia

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Seir Antonio Salazar Mercado

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Título en ingles: Evaluation of the effects of two organics supplements on in vitro germination of native orchids in the province of Pamplona, Colombia Resumen: La continua pérdida de hábitat de las orquídeas nativas en Colombia, y las limitaciones de la germinación en estado silvestre, ha dado lugar a un mayor énfasis en la conservación de las orquídeas. Por consiguiente el cultivo in vitro es una herramienta alternativa para la conservación de especies en peligro de extinción. En esta investigación se evaluó la germinación asimbiótica y la formación de plántulas de semillas de orquídeas, de las especies Prosthechea vespa Vell. y Sobralia klotzscheana Rchb. f. en el medio de cultivo Murashige y Skoog (MS con dos suplementos orgánicos (jugo de piña y agua de coco. Se colectaron cápsulas maduras de las especies P. vespa y S. klotzscheana, en la región nororiental de Colombia (Pamplona, Norte de Santander y se determinó la viabilidad de las semillas con la prueba de Tetrazolio. Las semillas se desinfectaron y se sembraron con el método de la jeringuilla. La viabilidad de las semillas fue del 87,2% en P. vespa y 80,6% en S. klotzscheana. El porcentaje de viabilidad corregido con respecto a la germinación fue mayor, entre 2,8% (P. vespa y 0,5% (S. klotzscheana. Este estudio demostró que el medio MS suplementado con jugo de piña tiene una mayor respuesta a la geminación asimbiótica y formación de plántulas en las orquídeas P. vespa (22% y S. klotzscheana (43% con diferencias estadísticamente significativas (P≤0,05: Tukey HSD. Palabras clave: conservación, germinación asimbiótica, orquídeas, viabilidad, tetrazolio. Abstract : The continued habitat destruction of native orchids in Colombia and its germination limitations in the wild has led to greater emphasis of the species conservation, therefore to preserve endangered orchids in vitro culture is an alternative tool. This research evaluated orchid seeds

Cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio associada a endarterectomia carotídea bilateral: relato de caso

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Giancarlo Grossi MOTA

1998-10-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar o caso de paciente, do sexo feminino, portadora de importante estenose de ambas as artérias carótidas internas, tanto do ponto de vista anatômico quanto hemodinâmico, associada a insuficiência coronária grave, apresentava quadro clínico compatível de acidente vascular cerebral em evolução, tornando imperativa a intervenção cirúrgica imediata; decidida a revascularização do miocárdio simultaneamente à endarterectomia carotídea bilateral, procedimento que pode ser realizado segura e eficazmente, e reservado para os casos onde ambos os territórios estão acometidos e sobrevier a instabilização de algum dos subsistemas em questão.This report refers to a 69 year old woman, presenting severe stenosis of both carotid arteries, associated with coronary insufficiency. An acute incomplete transitory brain stroke made mandatory the simultaneous surgical approach of bilateral carotid arteries for endarterectomy and myocardial revascularization. The procedure can be performed safely in very selected and unstable cases.

Research on Sustainable Development of Resource-Based Cities Based on the DEA Approach: A Case Study of Jiaozuo, China

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Li Li

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Jiaozuo is a typical resource-based city, and its economic transformation has been an example of success in China. However, quantitative evaluation of the city’s development has scarcely been performed, and future development is not clear. Because of this, using the relevant data from 1999 to 2013, this paper uses the data envelopment analysis (DEA model to evaluate development after the transformation of Jiaozuo with the aim of providing a basis for its future developing plan. The results show that DEA was effective in 2000, 2004, 2006, 2010, and 2012, was weakly effective in 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, and 2013, and was ineffective in 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, and 2011. By evaluating the development of Jiaozuo, this paper provides policy implications for Jiaozuo’s sustainable development, and it may serve as a reference for the sustainable development of China’s other resources-based cities.

Kinetic study of carbon dioxide absorption into glycine promoted diethanolamine (DEA)

Science.gov (United States)

Pudjiastuti, Lily; Susianto, Altway, Ali; IC, Maria Hestia; Arsi, Kartika

2015-12-01

In industry, especially petrochemical, oil and natural gas industry, required separation process of CO2 gas which is a corrosive gas (acid gas). This characteristic can damage the plant utility and piping systems as well as reducing the caloric value of natural gas. Corrosive characteristic of CO2 will appear in areas where there is a decrease in temperature and pressure, such as at the elbow pipe, tubing, cooler and injector turbine. From disadvantages as described above, then it is important to do separation process in the CO2 gas stream, one of the method for remove CO2 from the gas stream is reactive absorption using alkanolamine based solution with promotor. Therefore, this study is done to determine the kinetics constant of CO2 absorption in diethanolamine (DEA) solution using a glycine promoter. Glycine is chosen as a promoter because glycine is a primary amine compound which is reactive, moreover, glycine has resistance to high temperatures so it will not easy to degradable and suitable for application in industry. The method used in this study is absorption using laboratory scale wetted wall column equipment at atmospheric of pressure. This study will to provide the reaction kinetics data information in order to optimize the separation process of CO2 in the industrialized world. The experimental results show that rising temperatures from 303,15 - 328,15 K and the increase of concentration of glycine from 1% - 3% weight will increase the absorption rate of carbon dioxide in DEA promoted with glycine by 24,2% and 59,764% respectively, also the reaction kinetic constant is 1.419 × 1012 exp (-3634/T) (m3/kmol.s). This result show that the addition of glycine as a promoter can increase absorption rate of carbon dioxide in diethanolamine solution and cover the weaknesses of diethanolamine solution.

A window-DEA based efficiency evaluation of the public hospital sector in Greece during the 5-year economic crisis.

Science.gov (United States)

Flokou, Angeliki; Aletras, Vassilis; Niakas, Dimitris

2017-01-01

The main objective of this study was to apply the non-parametric method of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to measure the efficiency of Greek NHS hospitals between 2009-2013. Hospitals were divided into four separate groups with common characteristics which allowed comparisons to be carried out in the context of increased homogeneity. The window-DEA method was chosen since it leads to increased discrimination on the results especially when applied to small samples and it enables year-by-year comparisons of the results. Three inputs -hospital beds, physicians and other health professionals- and three outputs-hospitalized cases, surgeries and outpatient visits- were chosen as production variables in an input-oriented 2-year window DEA model for the assessment of technical and scale efficiency as well as for the identification of returns to scale. The Malmquist productivity index together with its components (i.e. pure technical efficiency change, scale efficiency change and technological scale) were also calculated in order to analyze the sources of productivity change between the first and last year of the study period. In the context of window analysis, the study identified the individual efficiency trends together with "all-windows" best and worst performers and revealed that a high level of technical and scale efficiency was maintained over the entire 5-year period. Similarly, the relevant findings of Malmquist productivity index analysis showed that both scale and pure technical efficiency were improved in 2013 whilst technological change was found to be in favor of the two groups with the largest hospitals.

Efficiency evaluation of a safety department in a construction company-A case study: A DEA approach

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Solomon Odeyale

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA is a decision making tool based on linear programming for measuring the relative efficiency of a set of comparable units. DEA helps us identify the sources and level of inefficiency for each of the inputs and outputs. This approach has been used to evaluate the efficiency of the safety department in five construction companies. A three-input, safety workforce, safety training, and safety budget, and two-output, Perfect days and Uptime, constant returns-to-scale (CRS model was developed. The model indicated the necessary improvements required in the inefficient unit’s inputs and outputs to make it efficient, by identifying what factor is responsible for the low efficiency of performance, and also what factor should be improved in order to improve the efficiency of the safety department. The result shows that the safety department of firm A, B and D are efficient, but Firm C and Firm E can improve their efficiency by reducing inputs up to 3.34% and 6.05%, respectively. The inputs identified for reduction were; number of safety staffs and safety budget for Firm C and E respectively.

Enhanced DEA model with undesirable output and interval data for rice growing farmers performance assessment

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Khan, Sahubar Ali Mohd. Nadhar, E-mail: sahubar@uum.edu.my; Ramli, Razamin, E-mail: razamin@uum.edu.my; Baten, M. D. Azizul, E-mail: baten-math@yahoo.com [School of Quantitative Sciences, UUM College of Arts and Sciences, Universiti Utara Malaysia, 06010 Sintok, Kedah (Malaysia)

2015-12-11

Agricultural production process typically produces two types of outputs which are economic desirable as well as environmentally undesirable outputs (such as greenhouse gas emission, nitrate leaching, effects to human and organisms and water pollution). In efficiency analysis, this undesirable outputs cannot be ignored and need to be included in order to obtain the actual estimation of firms efficiency. Additionally, climatic factors as well as data uncertainty can significantly affect the efficiency analysis. There are a number of approaches that has been proposed in DEA literature to account for undesirable outputs. Many researchers has pointed that directional distance function (DDF) approach is the best as it allows for simultaneous increase in desirable outputs and reduction of undesirable outputs. Additionally, it has been found that interval data approach is the most suitable to account for data uncertainty as it is much simpler to model and need less information regarding its distribution and membership function. In this paper, an enhanced DEA model based on DDF approach that considers undesirable outputs as well as climatic factors and interval data is proposed. This model will be used to determine the efficiency of rice farmers who produces undesirable outputs and operates under uncertainty. It is hoped that the proposed model will provide a better estimate of rice farmers’ efficiency.

Enhanced DEA model with undesirable output and interval data for rice growing farmers performance assessment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khan, Sahubar Ali Mohd. Nadhar; Ramli, Razamin; Baten, M. D. Azizul

2015-01-01

Agricultural production process typically produces two types of outputs which are economic desirable as well as environmentally undesirable outputs (such as greenhouse gas emission, nitrate leaching, effects to human and organisms and water pollution). In efficiency analysis, this undesirable outputs cannot be ignored and need to be included in order to obtain the actual estimation of firms efficiency. Additionally, climatic factors as well as data uncertainty can significantly affect the efficiency analysis. There are a number of approaches that has been proposed in DEA literature to account for undesirable outputs. Many researchers has pointed that directional distance function (DDF) approach is the best as it allows for simultaneous increase in desirable outputs and reduction of undesirable outputs. Additionally, it has been found that interval data approach is the most suitable to account for data uncertainty as it is much simpler to model and need less information regarding its distribution and membership function. In this paper, an enhanced DEA model based on DDF approach that considers undesirable outputs as well as climatic factors and interval data is proposed. This model will be used to determine the efficiency of rice farmers who produces undesirable outputs and operates under uncertainty. It is hoped that the proposed model will provide a better estimate of rice farmers’ efficiency

Enhanced DEA model with undesirable output and interval data for rice growing farmers performance assessment

Science.gov (United States)

Khan, Sahubar Ali Mohd. Nadhar; Ramli, Razamin; Baten, M. D. Azizul

2015-12-01

Agricultural production process typically produces two types of outputs which are economic desirable as well as environmentally undesirable outputs (such as greenhouse gas emission, nitrate leaching, effects to human and organisms and water pollution). In efficiency analysis, this undesirable outputs cannot be ignored and need to be included in order to obtain the actual estimation of firms efficiency. Additionally, climatic factors as well as data uncertainty can significantly affect the efficiency analysis. There are a number of approaches that has been proposed in DEA literature to account for undesirable outputs. Many researchers has pointed that directional distance function (DDF) approach is the best as it allows for simultaneous increase in desirable outputs and reduction of undesirable outputs. Additionally, it has been found that interval data approach is the most suitable to account for data uncertainty as it is much simpler to model and need less information regarding its distribution and membership function. In this paper, an enhanced DEA model based on DDF approach that considers undesirable outputs as well as climatic factors and interval data is proposed. This model will be used to determine the efficiency of rice farmers who produces undesirable outputs and operates under uncertainty. It is hoped that the proposed model will provide a better estimate of rice farmers' efficiency.

DEA best practice assesses relative efficiency, profitability

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Taylor, D.T.; Thompson, R.G.

1995-01-01

The US Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC), in its Order 636 of Apr. 8, 1992, stated, ''All natural gas suppliers, including pipelines, will compete for gas purchases on an equal footing.'' This FERC order changed the economic environment in the natural gas pipeline industry. Now, gas pipeline companies must know their market position, since rate of return regulation is no longer relevant. They must be managed more than before as companies have been in less-regulated parts of the oil and gas business. How they adapt to the new environment, therefore, can be instructive to companies throughout the energy industry. In this article, DEA best-practice methods measure relative efficiency and profitability potential. This measurement reflects fundamental economic relationships. The operational efficiency model analyzed is as follows: Y 1 = f(x 1 , x 2 ), where Y 1 is gross profits, x 1 is total assets (capital employed), and x 2 is total employees (labor employed). Y 1 is a comprehensive indicator of a pipeline's output, whereas x 1 represents the pipeline's total capital employed, and x 2 represents the pipeline's total labor employed. This model reflects principles long studied in economics

Investigation of the role of the NO-cGMP pathway on YC-1 and DEA/NO effects on thoracic aorta smooth muscle responses in a rat preeclampsia model.

Science.gov (United States)

Turgut, Nergiz Hacer; Temiz, Tijen Kaya; Turgut, Bülent; Karadas, Baris; Parlak, Mesut; Bagcivan, Ihsan

2013-10-01

The present study was designed to investigate the effects of YC-1, a nitric oxide (NO)-independent soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) activator, and DEA/NO, a NO donor, on smooth muscle responses in the preeclampsia model with suramin-treated rats and on the levels of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) of thoracic aorta rings isolated from term-pregnant rats. Rats of 2 groups, control group and suramin group, were given intraperitoneal injection of saline or suramin, respectively. Suramin injection caused increased blood pressure, protein in urine, and fetal growth retardation. Thoracic aorta rings were exposed to contractile and relaxant agents. KCl contraction and papaverine relaxation responses were similar. Relaxation responses of YC-1 and DEA/NO decreased in suramin group. In both groups in the presence of ODQ, a sGC inhibitor, the relaxation responses of YC-1 and DEA/NO decreased. The cGMP content was determined by radioimmunoassay technique. The content of cGMP in the suramin group decreased. In the presence of YC-1 and DEA/NO in both groups, cGMP content increased, but in ODQ-added groups, there was a significant decrease. We conclude that in preeclampsia, the decrease of relaxation responses and the decrease of cGMP content could be due to the reduction in stimulation of sGC and the decrease in cGMP levels.

UTILIDAD DEL VALOR DE USO EN ETNOBOTÁNICA. ESTUDIO EN EL DEPARTAMENTO DE PUTUMAYO (COLOMBIA

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MARÍN-CORBA CÉSAR

2005-06-01

Full Text Available Se presenta una cuantificación y una comparación de los valores de uso de árboles en dos áreas contrastantes del occidente de la Amazonia colombiana y se discute la aplicabilidad y la utilidad de los métodos disponibles en etnobotánica cuantitativa y se proponen nuevas modificaciones para mejorar los métodos en etnobotánica cuantitativa. Se concluye que el Valor de Uso se ve limitado para expresar la realidad de la utilización de las especies y el grado de importancia que tienen para las diferentes comunidades, así como para priorizar especies o áreas para conservación. Por consiguiente, se sugieren algunas estandarizaciones y adaptaciones metodológicas.

Solving binary-state multi-objective reliability redundancy allocation series-parallel problem using efficient epsilon-constraint, multi-start partial bound enumeration algorithm, and DEA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khalili-Damghani, Kaveh; Amiri, Maghsoud

2012-01-01

In this paper, a procedure based on efficient epsilon-constraint method and data envelopment analysis (DEA) is proposed for solving binary-state multi-objective reliability redundancy allocation series-parallel problem (MORAP). In first module, a set of qualified non-dominated solutions on Pareto front of binary-state MORAP is generated using an efficient epsilon-constraint method. In order to test the quality of generated non-dominated solutions in this module, a multi-start partial bound enumeration algorithm is also proposed for MORAP. The performance of both procedures is compared using different metrics on well-known benchmark instance. The statistical analysis represents that not only the proposed efficient epsilon-constraint method outperform the multi-start partial bound enumeration algorithm but also it improves the founded upper bound of benchmark instance. Then, in second module, a DEA model is supplied to prune the generated non-dominated solutions of efficient epsilon-constraint method. This helps reduction of non-dominated solutions in a systematic manner and eases the decision making process for practical implementations. - Highlights: ► A procedure based on efficient epsilon-constraint method and DEA was proposed for solving MORAP. ► The performance of proposed procedure was compared with a multi-start PBEA. ► Methods were statistically compared using multi-objective metrics.

Assessing Green Development Efficiency of Municipalities and Provinces in China Integrating Models of Super-Efficiency DEA and Malmquist Index

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Qing Yang

2015-04-01

Full Text Available In order to realize economic and social green development, to pave a pathway towards China’s green regional development and develop effective scientific policy to assist in building green cities and countries, it is necessary to put forward a relatively accurate, scientific and concise green assessment method. The research uses the CCR (A. Charnes & W. W. Cooper & E. Rhodes Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA model to obtain the green development frontier surface based on 31 regions’ annual cross-section data from 2008–2012. Furthermore, in order to classify the regions whereby assessment values equal to 1 in the CCR model, we chose the Super-Efficiency DEA model for further sorting. Meanwhile, according to the five-year panel data, the green development efficiency changes of 31 regions can be manifested by the Malmquist index. Finally, the study assesses the reasons for regional differences; while analyzing and discussing the results may allude to a superior green development pathway for China.

Komparasi Efisiensi Teknis Bank Umum Konvensional (BUK dan Bank Umum Syariah (BUS di Indonesia Dengan Metode Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA

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Abdul Wahab

2015-03-01

Full Text Available The Comparation of Technical Efficiency Between Conventional Banks and Islamic Banks in Indonesia Using DEA MethodThis research is to compare the levels of technical efficiency between BUK and BUS by employing non-parametric Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA. This research assigns Third Party Funds, Labor Expenses and Fixed Assets which are input variable, meanwhile Total Credit and Other Incomes are determined as Output Variables. This research also examines the Profitability of BUK and BUS by Using Panel Regression Model with CAR, LDR, NPL and BOPO as independent variables, where ROA and ROE are dependent variables. The result showed that the average technical efficiency of the Conventional Banks is better than that of the Islamic Banks. That is because of the inefficient utilization of Input Variables, namely Third Party Funds, Labor Expenses and Fixed Assets in the Islamic Banks  DOI:10.15408/aiq.v6i2.1229

Measuring the Efficiency of Public Universities: Using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to Examine Public Universities in Saudi Arabia

Science.gov (United States)

Alabdulmenem, Fahad Mohammed

2017-01-01

Saudi Arabia is one of the countries that allot substantial amount of government resources for education. Thus, it is important to measure how these resources are used to generate favorable academic outcomes for its nationals. In this study, data envelopment analysis (DEA) is used to measure the relative efficiency of 25 public universities in…

Indicadores sintéticos de calidad ambiental: un modelo general para grandes zonas urbanas

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Luis Escobar

2006-08-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se define el índice de calidad ambiental (ICA como una variable latente determinada por un conjunto de factores que lo afectan de manera positiva y negativa. Partimos de la hipótesis de la no homogeneidad ambiental del territorio urbano, y nos proponemos definir un modelo general para la estimación del ICA a partir de la construcción de un sistema de indicadores simples y su aplicación en grandes ciudades. De este artículo se deriva información importante para que el planificador y el gestor puedan priorizar la asignación de recursos económicos, no sólo de manera diferencial entre comunas, sino por el tipo de recursos o variables ambientales que más inciden en la calidad ambientalThis paper defines the index of environmental quality (ICA as a latent variable determined by a group of factor that affects it in a positive and negative manner. Setting off from the hypothesis of non environmental homogenous pertaining to urban territory, and following the construction of a system of simple indicators and its application in larges city. The most influential factors in the determination of the ICA by each comuna are established as well. Consequently, important information is derived, which will enable the planner and environmental agent to prioritize the assignation of economic resources, not only in a differential way among comunas but for the sort of resources or environmental variables that most affect the quality of environment

A DEA Approach for Selecting a Bundle of Tickets for Performing Arts Events

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Baldin, Andrea

2017-01-01

tackle the issue of identifying the most efficient subset of the events scheduled to offer as a bundle. We formulate this problem following the choice-based network Revenue Management approach. Assuming the price as fixed on two types of events, lowbrow and highbrow, proposed by the theatre, the purchase...... decision is modelled on the basis of two random variables: the available time and the reservation price per perfomance. The super-efficiency DEA model will be implemented in order to find the most efficient combination of events to be bundled, defined as the one that offers the most favourable trade...

A weight restricted DEA model for FMEA risk prioritization

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Pauli Adriano de Almada Garcia

2012-01-01

Full Text Available In this paper we present a linear programming (LP approach to risk prioritization in failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA. The LP is a data envelopment analysis (DEA-based model considering weight restriction. In a FMEA, we commonly consider three criteria to prioritize the failure modes, occurrence, severity and detectability. These criteria are in an ordinal scale commonly varying from 1 to 10, higher the figure worse the result. Considering the values established for each criteria, in traditional FMEA one adopts a Risk Priority Number, calculated considering the product of criteria, which has been very criticized due to its shortcoming. Through the proposed approach a frontier is established considering the less critical failure modes. Considering this frontier, one can establish how much each failure mode must be improved to become relatively acceptable. A simplified case concerning an AFWS of a two loops PWR power plant is presented to shows the applicability of the proposed approach.

DEA environmental assessment in a time horizon: Malmquist index on fuel mix, electricity and CO2 of industrial nations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sueyoshi, Toshiyuki; Goto, Mika

2013-01-01

Climate change and global warming become a major policy issue in the world. Economic activities produce not only desirable outputs (e.g., electricity) but also undesirable outputs (e.g., CO 2 emission). The important policy issue is how each nation can balance between economic development and environmental protection to attain a sustainable society. In attaining the sustainable society, environmental assessment is increasingly important because it can serve as an initial step toward the green growth of each nation. For the purpose, this study proposes a new use of DEA (Data Environment Analysis) for environmental assessment in a time horizon. The proposed use of DEA incorporates Malmquist index to examine the degree of a frontier shift among multiple periods. The frontier shift indicates a technology progress and/or managerial innovation during an observed period. The index is conceptually separated into six subcomponents, which are further divided into twelve different subcomponents (six subcomponents × two disposability concepts) under the natural and managerial disposability. In the index measurement, it is necessary for us to consider a frontier crossover among different periods because technology innovation usually has a time lag until it really appears. As an empirical application, this study utilizes the proposed approach to identify the relationship among fuel mix, electricity and CO 2 of ten industrial nations. This study finds three important empirical findings. First, there is a time lag in technology innovation on electricity generation and CO 2 emission reduction. Consequently, it is necessary to consider the existence of a frontier crossover in assessing the electric power industry. Second, nuclear generation, as found in France, as well as hydro and renewable energy, as found in Netherlands, are important for the development of a sustainable society although the former is associated with a very high level of risk and the latter has a limited

The assessment of vulnerability to natural disasters in China by using the DEA method

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wei Yiming; Fan Ying; Lu Cong; Tsai, H.-T.

2004-01-01

China has been greatly affected by natural disasters, so that it is of great importance to analyze the impact of natural disasters on national economy. Usually, the frequency of disasters or absolute loss inflicted by disasters is the first priority to be considered, while the capability of regions to overcome disasters is ignored. The concept of vulnerability is used to measure the capability to overcome disasters in different regions with distinctive economies. Traditional methods for vulnerability analysis calculate sub-indices based on disaster frequency, loss, the economic impact and the population of each region, and then add the sub-indices to get a composite index for regional vulnerability. But those methods are sensitive to the weights selected for sub-indices when multi-indexes are added up to get an index of total vulnerability. The analytic results are less convincing because of the subjectivity of different weighting methods. A data envelopment analysis (DEA)-based model for analysis of regional vulnerability to natural disasters is presented here to improve upon the traditional method. This paper systematically describes the DEA method to evaluate the relative severity of disasters in each region. A model for regional vulnerability analysis is developed, based on the annual governmental statistics from 1989 to 2000. The regional vulnerabilities in China's mainland are illustrated as a case study, and a new method for the classification of regional vulnerability to natural disasters in China is proposed

The Prediction of the Students' Academic Underachievement in Mathematics Using the DEA Model: A Developing Country Case Study

Science.gov (United States)

Moradi, Fatemeh; Amiripour, Parvaneh

2017-01-01

In this study, an attempt was made to predict the students' mathematical academic underachievement at the Islamic Azad University-Yadegare-Imam branch and the appropriate strategies in mathematical academic achievement to be applied using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model. Survey research methods were used to select 91 students from the…

Application of FMEA-DEA (Failure Modes and Effect Analysis - Data Envelopment Analysis) to the air conditioning system of the control room a nuclear power plant; Aplicacao de FMEA-DEA ao sistema de ar condicionado da sala de controle de uma usina nuclear

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Barbosa, Junior, Gilberto Varanda

2007-03-15

This dissertation presents the FMEA-DEA analysis application to the air conditioning system of the control room of a nuclear power plant. After obtaining the failure modes, the index associated to the occurrence probability, the severity of the effects and the potential of detention, a priority order is established for the failure modes or deviations. This number is obtained by multiplying the three mentioned index that vary in a natural scale from 1 to 10, where the higher the index, the more critical the situation will be. In this work, it is intended to use a model based on the data envelopment analysis, DEA jointly with the FMEA, to identify the current efficiency of the system and which failure modes or deviations are considered more critical, and by means of the weights attributed for the mathematical modeling to identify which index are contributing more for these deviations. From this identification, improvements can be set, which may consider administrative changes, operator training and so on, thus adding value to the final product. (author)

Evaluating sustainability of household consumption - using DEA to assess environmental performance

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Wier, Mette; Christoffersen, Line Block; Jensen, Trine S.

2005-01-01

We assess environmental performance across product types and across household types in order to evaluate environmental pressure from human activities. To so do, we combine family budget statistics, input-output tables, energy and material flow matrices, various types of emissions and environmental...... effects indices for various effect types (e.g. a global warming potential index, an ozone depletion potential index, etc). Subsequently, using DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis), we use these weighted environmental effects indices to form one environ-mental performance score for each family type and product...... type. We find that the environmental performance of each family type changes considerably across environmental effect types. The analysis of the overall environmental performance scores shows that families living in urban flats, especially the young and elderly families, have the most environmentally...

Efficiency of insurance companies: Application of DEA and Tobit analyses

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Eva Grmanová

2017-10-01

Full Text Available The aim of this paper is to determine the relationship between technical efficiency and profitability of insurance companies. The profitability of insurance companies was expressed by such indicators as ROA, ROE and the size of assets. We analysed 15 commercial insurance companies in Slovakia in the period of 2013-2015. Technical efficiency scores were expressed using DEA models. The relationship between the technical efficiency score and the indicators of profitability was expressed using censored regression, i.e. the Tobit regression model and the Mann-Whitney U-test. The relationship between the technical efficiency score in the CCR and BCC models and all the groups formed on the basis of the return on assets and the group formed basing on the return on equity was not confirmed. Statistically significant difference between average technical efficiency score in the CCR model in the group of insurance companies with ROA

Irrigação suplementar da cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum spp): um modelo de análise de decisão para o estado de Alagoas

OpenAIRE

Márcio Aurélio Lins dos Santos

2005-01-01

As usinas de açúcar e álcool no Estado de Alagoas têm grande importância econômica, para usar sua capacidade instalada torna-se necessário o uso de técnicas que aumentem sua produtividade e/ou diminuam os custos de produção da cana-deaçúcar. A irrigação suplementar apresenta-se como uma destas alternativas. A tecnologia de irrigação se tornou uma alternativa rentável para as condições do Estado de Alagoas. Com base na análise de viabilidade da tecnologia de irrigação em canasoca, a árvore de...

Technology Efficiency Study on Nuclear Power and Coal Power in Guangdong Province Based on DEA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yinong Li; Dong Wang

2006-01-01

Guangdong Province has taken the lead in embarking on nuclear power development to resolve its dire lack of primary resources. With the deepening of the on-going structural reform in the electric power sector in China, the market competition scheme is putting electricity generation enterprises under severe strain. Consequently, it is incumbent upon the nuclear power producers to steadily upgrade management, enhance technical capabilities, reduce cost and improve efficiency. At present, gradual application of such efficiency evaluation methodology has already commenced in some sectors in China including the electric power industry. The purpose of this paper is to use the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), which is a cutting-edge approach in the efficiency evaluation field - to study the technological efficiency between nuclear power and coal power in Guangdong Province. The DEA results demonstrate that, as far as Guangdong Province is concerned, the technological efficiency of nuclear power is higher than that of coal power in terms of Technological Efficiency (TE), Pure Technology Efficiency (PTE) and Scale Efficiency (SE). The reason is that nuclear power technology is advanced with a much higher equipment availability factor. Under the same scale, the generation output of nuclear power is far higher than that of equivalent coal power generation. With the environmental protection and sustainable development requirements taken into full account, nuclear power constitutes a clean, safe and highly-efficient energy form which should be extensively harnessed in Guangdong Province to fuel its future continuing economic growth. (authors)

Chronic administration of the HNO donor Angeli's salt does not lead to tolerance, cross-tolerance, or endothelial dysfunction: comparison with GTN and DEA/NO.

Science.gov (United States)

Irvine, Jennifer C; Kemp-Harper, Barbara K; Widdop, Robert E

2011-05-01

Nitroxyl (HNO) displays distinct pharmacology to its redox congener nitric oxide (NO(•)) with therapeutic potential in the treatment of heart failure. It remains unknown if HNO donors are resistant to tolerance development following chronic in vivo administration. Wistar-Kyoto rats received a 3-day subcutaneous infusion of one of the NO(•) donors, glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) or diethylamine/NONOate (DEA/NO), or the HNO donor Angeli's salt (AS). GTN infusion (10 μg/kg/min) resulted in significantly blunted depressor responses to intravenous bolus doses of GTN, demonstrating tolerance development. By contrast, infusion with AS (20 μg/kg/min) or DEA/NO (2 μg/kg/min) did not alter their subsequent depressor responses. Similarly, ex vivo vasorelaxation responses in isolated aortae revealed that GTN infusion elicited a significant 6-fold decrease in the sensitivity to GTN and reduction in the maximum response to acetylcholine (ACh). Chronic infusion of AS or DEA/NO had no effect on subsequent vasorelaxation responses to themselves or to ACh. No functional cross-tolerance between nitrovasodilators was evident, either in vivo or ex vivo, although an impaired ability of a nitrovasodilator to increase tissue cGMP content was not necessarily indicative of a reduced functional response. In conclusion, HNO donors may represent novel therapies for cardiovascular disease with therapeutic potential over clinically used organic nitrates.

Life quality evaluation in regions of the Czech Republic according to selected criteria using the DEA method

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Jana Friebelová

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Our work has several aims. We have evaluated the Quality of life of the districts (LAU 1 regions in the Czech Republic, according to the selected criteria by the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA method. This method was initially proposed to evaluate the efficiency. In this paper the level of efficiency represents the level of life quality. The efficiency (quality of life is in this case represented as a share of output in weighted sum of inputs. In other words, it represents a certain degree to which desirable output can offset undesirable indicators. Hence we have consider three types of input (the unemployment rate, criminality, as well as the specific emissions and one output (the average salary. In the next stage, the fourth input (the average price of a dwelling per square metre is added. Its impact on the changing of efficiency score is under consideration with regression analysis. At the same time, we have observed a possible connection between the achieved efficiency score and net migration in following year. In addition to efficiency score DEA method provides weights of particular inputs and outputs. These weights are used to find those contributions of particular criteria to the achieved score. This enables us to determine the strong and weak points of the districts.

The improvement gap in energy intensity: Analysis of China's thirty provincial regions using the improved DEA (data envelopment analysis) model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li, Ke; Lin, Boqiang

2015-01-01

Enacting a reduction target for energy intensity in provinces has become an important issue for the central and local governments in China. But the energy intensity index has provided little information about energy efficiency improvement potential. This study re-estimates the TFEE (total-factor energy efficiency) using an improved DEA (data envelopment analysis) model, which combines the super-efficiency and sequential DEA models to avoid “discriminating power problem” and “technical regress”, and then used it to calculated the TEI (target for energy intensity). The REI (improvement potential in energy intensity) is calculated by the difference between TEI and the actual level of energy intensity. In application, we calculate the REIs for different provinces under the metafrontier and group-frontier respectively, and their ratios are the technology gaps for energy use. The main result shows that China's REIs fluctuate around 21%, 7.5% and 12% for Eastern, Central and Western China respectively; and Eastern China has the highest level of energy technology. These findings reveal that energy intensities of China's provinces do not converge to the optimal level. Therefore, the target of energy-saving policy for regions should be enhancing the energy efficiency of the inefficient ones, and thereby reduce the gap for improvement in energy intensity across regions. - Highlights: • We present an improved DEA model to calculate the TFEE (total-factor energy efficiency). • The improved TFEE combines with a meta-frontier analysis. • We estabilish a new indicator for improvement gap in energy intensity. • Improvement in energy intensity of regions in China is analysed

The impact of economic growth on environmental efficiency of the electricity sector: A hybrid window DEA methodology for the USA.

Science.gov (United States)

Halkos, George E; Polemis, Michael L

2018-04-01

This paper estimates the efficiency of the power generation sector in the USA by using Window Data Envelopment Analysis (W-DEA). We integrate radial and non-radial efficiency measurements in DEA using the hybrid measure while we extend the proposed model by considering good and undesirable outputs as separable and non separable. Then in the second stage, we perform parametric and non-parametric econometric techniques in order to model the relationship between the calculated environmental efficiencies and economic growth in attaining sustainability. Our empirical findings indicate a stable N-shape relationship between environmental efficiency and regional economic growth in the case of global and total pollutants but an inverted N-shape in the case of local pollutants. This implies that attention is required when considering local and global pollutants and the extracted environmental efficiency scores. A clear message to policy makers and government officials is that climate change which calls for economic, environmental and social concern should be analyzed according to its dispersion and regional dimension. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Performance of brazilian supermarket companies: a data envelopment analysis approach Desempeño organizacional en el sector de los supermercados brasileños: un analisis apoyado en el dea Desempenho organizacional no setor supermercadista brasileiro: uma análise apoiada em dea

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Marco Antonio Ferreira de Souza

2010-06-01

Full Text Available This article applies Data Envelopment Analysis, DEA, to compare the relative performance of the 100 smallest supermarket companies from the list of the 300 largest in the sector. This is in consideration of relevance that has been given to DEA by academics. Results disclose that all single store companies have performance problems related to economies of scale while chain stores have problems more frequently related to poor technical efficiency. The ten largest supermarket companies have better performance, especially with regard to efficiency of scale, than the ten smallest supermarkets studied.El presente artículo pretende analizar el desempeño de las 100 empresas más pequeñas entre las 300 más grandes del sector de supermercados. En este contexto, se presenta como contribución una discusión del desempeño relativo por medio de la aplicación del Análisis Envolvente de Datos (DEA. Los resultados muestran, entre otras informaciones interesantes, que todos los supermercados con una sola tienda tienen sus problemas de rendimiento relacionados con la escala, mientras que aquellos con más de una tienda presentan más problemas relacionados con la eficiencia técnica. Se advierte que, en general, especialmente en lo que se refiere a la eficiencia de escala, los 10 supermercados más grandes tienen un rendimiento superior en comparación con los 10 más pequeños.Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar o desempenho das 100 menores empresas supermercadistas dentre as 300 maiores do setor. Nesse contexto, apresenta-se como contribuição uma discussão do desempenho relativo por meio da aplicação da Análise Envoltória de Dados (DEA. Os resultados mostram, entre outras informações interessantes, que todos os supermercados com uma loja única têm seus problemas de desempenho relacionados à escala, enquanto os que têm mais de uma loja apresentam problemas relacionados mais �

Análise da eficiência dos sistemas estruturais para edifícios em concreto

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Gildemir Silva

Full Text Available Resumo Nos últimos anos houve uma evolução dos métodos construtivos empregados no Brasil, principalmente no que se refere às estruturas de concreto. Embora a literatura sobre eficiência na construção civil seja vasta, a proposição de métodos não paramétricos para a análise de eficiência de processos construtivos ainda é bastante limitada. Este trabalho apresenta um modelo para análise de eficiência baseado na técnica Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA para uma análise comparada da eficiência dos sistemas estruturais de edifícios em concreto, avaliando a utilização eficiente dos insumos de produção (capital e trabalho para a produção da estrutura. No trabalho foram comparados diversos sistemas estruturais, entre os quais pavimentos formados por lajes nervuradas apoiadas em faixas protendidas, formados por lajes apoiadas em vigas altas e formados por lajes apoiadas diretamente nos pilares, em um total de 23 obras, de 16 construtoras com reconhecida atuação no mercado imobiliário, monitoradas periodicamente, o que permite um diagnóstico do setor. O modelo proposto pode ser usado pelos planejadores com vantagens significativas. Os resultados apontam que pode haver ganhos financeiros substanciais ao melhor alocar mão de obra para o mesmo método construtivo.

Diagnóstico y tratamiento de la enfermedad carotídea aterosclerótica extracraneal asintomática Diagnosis and treatment of asymptomatic extracranial atherosclerotic carotid artery disease

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Luciano A. Sposato

2011-12-01

Full Text Available La enfermedad aterosclerótica asintomática de la arteria carótida interna extracraneal alcanza una prevalencia de hasta el 12.5%. La angioplastia carotídea todavía no ha demostrado ser lo suficientemente segura y eficaz para prevenir el ACV isquémico en estos pacientes. Estudios aleatorizados demostraron que la endarterectomía carotídea es superior al tratamiento médico en cuanto a reducción del riesgo de ACV isquémico si es realizada por equipos con tasas de complicaciones (ACV o muerte menores que 3%. Sin embargo, los pacientes evaluados en estos estudios comenzaron a reclutarse hace más de 25 años, cuando la utilización de antiagregantes plaquetarios era menor que la actual, el tratamiento de la hipertensión arterial era menos efectivo y todavía no se usaban estatinas como componentes fundamentales de los esquemas de prevención vascular. La optimización de la calidad del tratamiento médico en las últimas décadas ha llevado a una significativa reducción del riesgo de ACV en pacientes no intervenidos quirúrgicamente. En base a estas observaciones y con la excepción de casos específicos, el tratamiento médico es la opción terapéutica de elección en pacientes con enfermedad aterosclerótica carotídea extracraneal asintomática.The reported prevalence of asymptomatic atherosclerotic disease of the extracranial internal carotid artery is up to 12.5%. Carotid angioplasty has not yet proven safe and effective enough to prevent ischemic stroke in these patients. Randomized studies showed that carotid endarterectomy is superior to medical therapy in reducing the risk of ischemic stroke when performed by surgical teams with complication rates (stroke or death of less than 3%. However, recruitment of these patients began more than 25 years ago, when the use of antiplatelet agents was lower than today, the treatment of hypertension was less effective than currently, and statins were not considered as key components of

Efficiency and productivity (TFP) of the Turkish electricity distribution companies: An application of two-stage (DEA and Tobit) analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Çelen, Aydın

2013-01-01

In this study, we analyze the efficiency performances of 21 Turkish electricity distribution companies during the period of 2002–2009. For this aim, we employ a two-stage analysis in order to take into account the business environment variables which are beyond the control of distribution companies. We determine the efficiency performances of the electricity distribution companies by help of DEA in the first stage. Then, in the second stage, using these calculated efficiency scores as dependent variable, we utilize Tobit model to determine the business environment variables which may explain the efficiency scores. According to the results, customer density of the region and the private ownership affect the efficiencies positively. Thus, the best strategy to improve efficiency in the market is privatizing the public distribution companies. - Highlights: • We analyze the efficiencies of 21 Turkish electricity distribution companies. • A two-stage analysis is employed to take into account environmental variables. • We firstly calculate efficiencies of companies with DEA, then Tobit model is used to determine the effects of the variables. • Customer density and ownership type affect the efficiencies positively. • Privatization is a good strategy to improve efficiencies

Effective Clusters as Territorial Performance Engines in a Regional Development Strategy - A Triple-Layer DEA Assessment of the Aviation Valley in Poland

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Karima Kourtit

2017-08-01

country. A new approach based on a triple-layer architecture will be adopted here, viz.: a quantitative comparative analysis of the 16 Polish ‘voivodships’ (main administrative regions in the country, at a NUTS-2 level, a benchmark analysis of the 25 counties (‘powiats’ within the Podkarpackie voivodship (at a NUTS-4 level, and an effective industrial cluster analysis on the basis of the individual aviation firms located in the Podkarpackie region. In each step an extended Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA, characterised by a merger of a Slack-Based Measure (SMB and a super-efficiency (SE DEA, will be used in order to achieve an unambiguous ranking of the various regions or Decision Making Units (DMUs. The study will employ an extensive database on individual actors in the cluster, in combination with a broadly composed territorial-capital database for the areas under study. The paper will be concluded with some strategic policy lessons.

I-deas TMG to NX Space Systems Thermal Model Conversion and Computational Performance Comparison

Science.gov (United States)

Somawardhana, Ruwan

2011-01-01

CAD/CAE packages change on a continuous basis as the power of the tools increase to meet demands. End -users must adapt to new products as they come to market and replace legacy packages. CAE modeling has continued to evolve and is constantly becoming more detailed and complex. Though this comes at the cost of increased computing requirements Parallel processing coupled with appropriate hardware can minimize computation time. Users of Maya Thermal Model Generator (TMG) are faced with transitioning from NX I -deas to NX Space Systems Thermal (SST). It is important to understand what differences there are when changing software packages We are looking for consistency in results.

Method for selection of optimal road safety composite index with examples from DEA and TOPSIS method.

Science.gov (United States)

Rosić, Miroslav; Pešić, Dalibor; Kukić, Dragoslav; Antić, Boris; Božović, Milan

2017-01-01

Concept of composite road safety index is a popular and relatively new concept among road safety experts around the world. As there is a constant need for comparison among different units (countries, municipalities, roads, etc.) there is need to choose an adequate method which will make comparison fair to all compared units. Usually comparisons using one specific indicator (parameter which describes safety or unsafety) can end up with totally different ranking of compared units which is quite complicated for decision maker to determine "real best performers". Need for composite road safety index is becoming dominant since road safety presents a complex system where more and more indicators are constantly being developed to describe it. Among wide variety of models and developed composite indexes, a decision maker can come to even bigger dilemma than choosing one adequate risk measure. As DEA and TOPSIS are well-known mathematical models and have recently been increasingly used for risk evaluation in road safety, we used efficiencies (composite indexes) obtained by different models, based on DEA and TOPSIS, to present PROMETHEE-RS model for selection of optimal method for composite index. Method for selection of optimal composite index is based on three parameters (average correlation, average rank variation and average cluster variation) inserted into a PROMETHEE MCDM method in order to choose the optimal one. The model is tested by comparing 27 police departments in Serbia. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

ANALISIS EFISIENSI DISTRIBUSI PADA PENJUALAN PRODUK OLAHAN BUAH DAN SAYURAN DENGAN METODE DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS (DEA

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Silvana Maulidah

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Industrial agro requires efficient marketing distribution making it easier for consumers to get their products and can optimize the benefits to achieve a large market share. The purposes from this research is to identify the distributional channel toward fruit and vegetable processing product sale, to analyze the efficient rate on fruit and vegetable processing product, and to formulate the distributional efficiency rate improvement strategy which is not efficient using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA is done by WDEA (Warwick DEA Software. Limitations in the efficiency measurement in this study is the input and output variables. Input variables include the number of retailers, delivery volume, and distribution costs. Variable output includes the volume of sales, revenue and profits. The result of distributinal efficiency analysis toward fruit and vegetables processing product selling namely: (1 used are zero-rate and one rate distributional channeling. (2 There are 8 distributional channeling which is efficient includes in Malang, Batu, Kediri, Tuban, Magelang, Jombang, Lumajang and Surabaya. Meanwhile 7 distributional channeling area which is not efficient are Blitar, Banyuwangi, Bojonegoro, Trenggalek, Lamongan, Ponorogo, and  Mojokerto. (3 Improvement strategy toward distributional channeling area which is not efficient are explained below: (a decrease the sending volume according to the efficiency target; (b increase the selling volume based on the efficiency target in order not to get heaping on product so it can give advantage for industrial agro; and (c add the total amount of retailer toward distributional area which is not efficient.

Dendrobium «Bohemia Habana». Nuevo cultivar de orquídea epifita obtenido en Cuba

OpenAIRE

Suárez Guerra, Lorenzo

2013-01-01

Los Dendrobium, forman parte del género de las orquídeas más cultivadas de todo el mundo. Se le comercializa como flor de corte, material in vitro y planta de pote o maceta. Varios cultivares de Dendrobium son vendidos de este modo y se ubican en el cuarto lugar en ventas entre los productos de floricultura, después de las Palmáceas, Dracaena y Anthurium de corte. En este trabajo se presentan las principales características de un nuevo cultivar de Dendrobium. «Bohemia Habana», es el resultado...

347. Insuficiencia tricuspídea grave 13 años tras traumatismo torácico: una causa infrecuente de reparación valvular

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J. Arroyo

2012-04-01

Conclusiones: La reparación de la insuficiencia tricuspídea postraumática, aunque es una patología poco frecuente, puede ser intervenida con éxito. La cirugía reparadora sobre el recambio valvular se debe intentar, siempre que sea posible.

IntertextualitY and discourse in Dea Loher’s Theater

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Júlia Mara Moscardini Miguel

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Discourse is made of several voices, a premise that was announced since Bakhtin’s studies. The advances in the field of intertextuality allowed a wider specification of the term and broaden the discussion of many different occurrence of the intertext in literature. The work of a German contemporary playwright, Dea Loher, brings the recurrence of intertext, and the present paper aims to investigate this manifestation in two of her plays, Olgas Raum and Licht. Loher uses citation, references and allusions, cutting pieces of other texts and pasting them into her writing. This game of cutting and pasting is also visible inside her aesthetic, as she uses elements that are part of other theatrical aesthetics and adapts them in her work, creating an original style. Representing the political side of theater, Loher provides her reader with the possibility of reflecting and, in the considered two plays, she does it through the deconstruction of the canonic discourse, showing how discourses are made and how they are connected to power maintenance. This way, intertext, the hybrid aesthetic and other aesthetical and linguistic resources are organized to receive these political themes that come to the reader as questions and inquires.

Research on Evaluation of resource allocation efficiency of transportation system based on DEA

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Zhehui; Du, Linan

2017-06-01

In this paper, we select the time series data onto 1985-2015 years, construct the land (shoreline) resources, capital and labor as inputs. The index system of the output is freight volume and passenger volume, we use Quantitative analysis based on DEA method evaluated the resource allocation efficiency of railway, highway, water transport and civil aviation in China. Research shows that the resource allocation efficiency of various modes of transport has obvious difference, and the impact on scale efficiency is more significant. The most important two ways to optimize the allocation of resources to improve the efficiency of the combination of various modes of transport is promoting the co-ordination of various modes of transport and constructing integrated transportation system.

Estudio lingüístico de la fitonimia vulgar de las orquídeas en Cuba

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López Trabanco, Pedro Jesús

2012-12-01

Full Text Available One of the greatest efforts of modern science has been the symbolic identity and the economy of concepts in the language use at the time of classifying objects. If so, on the one hand, the common names are refused to fulfill the classification objectives. But, on the other hand, the symbolic meanings and functions which are rooted to the popular speech will be thrown over. Names are keys of a sign system or of a determined cosmovision. Thus the study object of this paper is the common orchid names taking into account mainly the naming sources and motivation in order to verify and establish criteria that solve the problem of this part of the Spanish in Cuba.

Uno de los grandes esfuerzos de la ciencia moderna ha sido la identidad simbólica y la economía de conceptos en el uso del lenguaje a la hora de clasificar los objetos. Si bien, por un lado, el desechar los nombres vulgares cumple el objetivo de clasificación, por el otro, se tiran por la borda los contenidos simbólicos y funciones que estos nombres tienen enraizados en el habla popular. Los nombres son claves de un sistema simbólico o de una cosmovisión determinada. Este trabajo tiene como objeto de estudio los nombres vulgares de las orquídeas fundamentalmente a partir de las fuentes de nominación y la motivación para verificar y establecer criterios que resuelvan la problemática de esta parcela del español en Cuba.

On the role of environmental corruption in healthcare infrastructures: An empirical assessment for Italy using DEA with truncated regression approach.

Science.gov (United States)

Cavalieri, Marina; Guccio, Calogero; Rizzo, Ilde

2017-05-01

This paper investigates empirically whether the institutional features of the contracting authority as well as the level of 'environmental' corruption in the area where the work is localised affect the efficient execution of public contracts for healthcare infrastructures. A two-stage Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is carried out based on a sample of Italian public contracts for healthcare infrastructures during the period 2000-2005. First, a smoothed bootstrapped DEA estimator is used to assess the relative efficiency in the implementation of each single infrastructure contract. Second, the determinants of the efficiency scores variability are considered, paying special attention to the effect exerted by 'environmental' corruption on different types of contracting authorities. Our results show that the performance of the contracts for healthcare infrastructures is significantly affected by 'environmental' corruption. Furthermore, healthcare contracting authorities are, on average, less efficient and the negative effect of corruption on efficiency is greater for this type of public procurers. The policy recommendation coming out of the study is to rely on 'qualified' contracting authorities since not all the public bodies have the necessary expertise to carry on public contracts for healthcare infrastructures efficiently. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Are car manufacturers on the way to reduce CO2 emissions?: A DEA approach

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Voltes-Dorta, Augusto; Perdiguero, Jordi; Jiménez, Juan Luis

2013-01-01

One of the pillars of the fight against climate change is reducing the amount of greenhouse gases that are emitted into the atmosphere. In that regard, curtailing CO 2 emissions from transport activities is a major objective. In its attempts of “decarbonising” transport, the European Commission set in 2009 different emission limits on the vehicles sold in Europe. With this background, this paper aims to test the ability of the major car manufacturers to meet these present and future targets with the existing technological trends. To that end, we provide an in-depth analysis on the temporal evolution of emission efficiencies in the Spanish car market. The well-known DEA-Malmquist method is applied over a large sample of car models sold in Spain between 2004 and 2010. A second-stage regression allows us to identify the main drivers of efficiency, catch-up and technical change over the period. Finally, the estimated trends are extrapolated to predict future emission levels for the car manufacturers. Using post-regulation rates of technical change, results show that the vast majority of companies would meet the 2015 target, 27% of the current market would meet the 2020 target, and around 3% would be able to comply with the 2025 target. Thus, since all targets are technologically feasible, stricter regulation is the recommended approach to encourage manufacturers to meet the goals set by the European Commission. - Highlights: • We test the ability of car manufacturers to meet emission targets. • A DEA-Malmquist model is estimated using panel data between 2004 and 2010. • With post-2007 technical change, the vast majority of companies beat the 2015 target. • 27% of the market meets the 2020 target, and 3% meets the 2025 target. • More stringent regulation is needed to meet the goals set by the European Authorities

A framework to select commercial bank partner using fuzzy BSC-DEA method

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Moussa Azarbad

2011-10-01

Full Text Available One of the primary concerns of many corporate organizations is to assess the weakness and strength of their future partners in an attempt to reduce all potential risks involved with them. In this paper, we present a BSC-DEA based model to indentify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of a firm. The proposed model of this paper assumes there are various uncertainties associated with all input/output parameters and uses fuzzy numbers to handle the uncertainties. We also consider a real-world case study of banking industry where four major banks are possible candidates of a partnership and implement the proposed model of this paper for this case study. The results of this study reveal some of the issues such as weakness of electronic banking, services and resource allocation as part of their infrastructure problems.

Triage en urgencias y emergencias hospitalarias: revisión de los principales sistemas de triage internacionales.

OpenAIRE

Estebaranz Santamaría, Cristina

2014-01-01

Trabajo fin de grado en Enfermería Introducción. El “triage” es un proceso de valoración que permite priorizar el nivel de urgencia de los pacientes. Para su aplicación, se utilizan los sistemas de triage estructurado, existiendo en la actualidad cinco modelos a nivel internacional. Objetivo. Analizar los sistemas de triage en el servicio de urgencias y emergencias hospitalarias, determinando las diferencias de sus últimas actualizaciones. Material y método. Revisión narrati...

Exploring the existence of Kuznets curve in countries' environmental efficiency using DEA window analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Halkos, George Emm.; Tzeremes, Nickolaos G.

2009-01-01

This paper, using data envelopment (DEA) window analysis and generalized method of moments (GMM) estimators, examines the existence of a Kuznets type relationship between countries' environmental efficiency and national income. Specifically, it measures the environmental efficiency of 17 OECD countries by constructing environmental efficiency ratios for the time period 1980-2002. The analysis with the application of dynamic panel data reveals that there isn't a Kuznets type relationship between environmental efficiency and income. Allowing for dynamic effects we find that the adjustment to the target ratio is instantaneous. We also find that increased economic activity does not always ensure environmental protection and thus the path of growth is important in addition to the growth itself. (author)

Comparing and contrasting poverty reduction performance of social welfare programs across jurisdictions in Canada using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA): an exploratory study of the era of devolution.

Science.gov (United States)

Habibov, Nazim N; Fan, Lida

2010-11-01

In the mid-1990s, the responsibilities to design, implement, and evaluate social welfare programs were transferred from federal to local jurisdictions in many countries of North America and Europe through devolution processes. Devolution has caused the need for a technique to measure and compare the performances of social welfare programs across multiple jurisdictions. This paper utilizes Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) for a comparison of poverty reduction performances of jurisdictional social welfare programs across Canadian provinces. From the theoretical perspective, findings of this paper demonstrates that DEA is a promising method to evaluate, compare, and benchmark poverty reduction performance across multiple jurisdictions using multiple inputs and outputs. This paper demonstrates that DEA generates easy to comprehend composite rankings of provincial performances, identifies appropriate benchmarks for each inefficient province, and estimates sources and amounts of improvement needed to make the provinces efficient. From a practical perspective the empirical results presented in this paper indicate that Newfoundland, Prince Edwards Island, and Alberta achieve better efficiency in poverty reduction than other provinces. Policy makers and social administrators of the ineffective provinces across Canada may find benefit in selecting one of the effective provinces as a benchmark for improving their own performance based on similar size and structure of population, size of the budget for social programs, and traditions with administering particular types of social programs. Copyright (c) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The integrated application of the AHP and DEA methods in evaluating the performances of higher education institutions in the Republic of Serbia

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Predrag Mimovic

2016-04-01

Full Text Available The measurement and evaluation of performance are critical for the efficient and effective functioning of the economic system, because this allows for the analysis of the extent to which the defined objectives are achieved. Organizational performance is measured by different methods, both quantitative and qualitative. Many of the known methods for the evaluation and measurement of organizational performance take into account only financial indicators, while ignoring the non-financial ones. The integration of both indicators, through the combined application of multiple methods and the comparison of their results, should provide a more complete and objective picture of organizational performance. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP is a formal framework for solving complex decision-making problems, as well as a systemic procedure for the hierarchical presentation of the problem elements. The Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA is a non-parametric approach based on linear programming, which allows for the calculation of the efficiency of decision-making units within a group of organizations. The work is an illustration of the method and framework of the combined use of the multi-criteria analysis methods for the measurement and evaluation of the performance of higher education institutions in the Republic of Serbia. The advantages of this approach are reflected in overcoming the shortcomings of a partial application of the AHP and the DEA methods by utilizing a new, hybrid, DEAHP (Data Envelopment Analytic Hierarchy Process method. Performance evaluation through an integrated application of the AHP and the DEA methods provides more objective results and more reliable solutions to the observed problem, thus creating a valuable information base for high-quality strategic decision making in higher education institutions, both at the national level and at the level of individual institutions.

Assessing the performance of Taiwan’s environmental protection system with a non-radial network DEA approach

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Huang, Chin-wei; Chiu, Yung-ho; Fang, Wei-ta; Shen, Neng

2014-01-01

Previous studies involving environmental performance purely focus on analyzing environmental or waste treatment efficiencies. This study combines various aspects of environmental protection and establishes a non-radial network DEA approach to evaluate the performance of an environmental protection system. The empirical methodology assumes that the system consists of three stages: administrative, executive processes, and protection effectiveness. The executive process includes waste treatment and pollution auditing divisions. In addition to assessing efficiencies, the empirical evaluation further explores the internal and external influences on performances and contributes implications and suggestions for environmental policy makers. The proposed model is utilized to gauge the performance of an environmental protection system for 20 municipalities in Taiwan. The results indicate the following: (1) for improving environmental quality, the government needs to put forth greater efforts in environmental audits; (2) improving productivity per unit so as to increase achievements in the executive process is more important for raising performance on environmental work, in addition to increasing workers and equipment for environmental protection; (3) a high degree of industrialization negatively influences administrative efficiency and educated residents have a greater comprehension for administrative operations, which can help in efficient budget utilization. - Highlights: • A non-radial network DEA approach to evaluate the Performance of Environmental Protection System. • The performance of waste treatment performs better than the efficiency of auditing. • Governmental expenditure is more efficiently utilized in the administrative process. • The effectiveness of achieved protection is a critical indicator for revealing environmental quality in a region

Analysis of financing efficiency of big data industry in Guizhou province based on DEA models

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Chenggang; Pan, Kang; Luo, Cong

2018-03-01

Taking 20 listed enterprises of big data industry in Guizhou province as samples, this paper uses DEA method to evaluate the financing efficiency of big data industry in Guizhou province. The results show that the pure technical efficiency of big data enterprise in Guizhou province is high, whose mean value reaches to 0.925. The mean value of scale efficiency reaches to 0.749. The average value of comprehensive efficiency reaches 0.693. The comprehensive financing efficiency is low. According to the results of the study, this paper puts forward some policy and recommendations to improve the financing efficiency of the big data industry in Guizhou.

Influência da qualidade de luz e silício no crescimento in vitro de orquídeas nativas e híbridas Light quality and silicon on growth in vitro of native and hybrid orchid species

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Moacir Pasqual

2011-09-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se avaliar a influência do ambiente de cultivo e de concentrações de silicato de cálcio no crescimento in vitro de uma espécie nativa de orquídea (Brassavola perrine e de um híbrido [(Laelia cattleya Culminant "Tuilerie" x Laelia cattleya Sons Atout Rotunda x Brassolaelia cattleya Startifire Moon Beach]. Plântulas oriundas de sementes germinadas in vitro com aproximadamente 0,5 cm de comprimento foram inoculadas em frascos com capacidade para 250 mL contendo 60 mL de meio de cultura MS, acrescido de silicato de cálcio (0; 0,5; 1,0 e 2,0 mg L-1 em ambientes de cultivo [natural (casa de vegetação e artificial (em sala de crescimento], em todas as combinações possíveis. O meio de cultura teve seu pH ajustado para 5,8±0,1 e geleificado com 5,5 g L-1 de ágar antes do processo de autoclavagem a 121ºC e 1 atm por 20 minutos. Ao final de 150 dias foram realizadas avaliações biométricas e análises micromorfológicas (miscroscopia de varredura nas plântulas. Maior crescimento foi obtido com a utilização de 2,0 mg L-1 e 1,0 mg L-1 de silicato de cálcio para o híbrido e espécie nativa, respectivamente, em sala de crescimento. As orquídeas em estudo são espécies anfiestomáticas, com estômatos do tipo tetracítico (híbrida e anomocítico (nativa. A presença do silício na estrutura foliar proporcionou o correto desenvolvimento (ausência de deformações estruturais de plântulas de orquídeas.The vegetative propagation techniques using tissue culture can be a valuable tool in the production of orchid seedlings. The objective of this study was to determine the concentration of calcium silicate and light quality that provides better growth in seedlings of native orchid (Brassavola perrine and hybrid [(Laelia cattleya Climax "Tuilerie" x Laelia cattleya Sons Atout Rotunda x Brassolaelia cattleya Startifire Moon Beach]. Seedlings from seeds germinated in vitro with approximately 0.5 cm long were inoculated in 250 m

Associação dos biomarcadores com aterosclerose e risco para doença coronariana em portadores de HIV

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Maria da Conceição Brandão de Arruda Falcão

2012-11-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: O uso maciço da Terapia Antirretroviral (TARV na população com vírus da imunodeficiência adquirida (HIV coincidiu com um aumento das doenças cardiovasculares, causa importante de morbimortalidade nesse grupo. OBJETIVO: Determinar a frequência de aterosclerose carotídea e avaliar a associação entre os níveis dos biomarcadores e o espessamento da camada médio-intimal carotídea em indivíduos HIV positivos, atendidos em serviços de referência para HIV em Pernambuco. MÉTODOS: Corte transversal com 122 pacientes HIV positivos. Considerou-se aterosclerose carotídea subclínica o aumento da espessura da camada média intimal da carótida comum > 0,8 milímetros ou placas no ultrassom de carótidas. Os biomarcadores inflamatórios analisados foram IL6, IL1-β, TNF-α, PCR-ultrassensível, sVCAM-1 e sICAM-1. RESULTADOS: Dos 122 pacientes analisados, a maioria era de homens (60,7%, com > 40 anos (57,4%, em uso de TARV (81,1%. A prevalência de aterosclerose foi de 42,6% (52 casos. Pacientes com idade acima de 40 anos e Framingham intermediário ou alto apresentaram maior chance de desenvolver aterosclerose na análise univariada. Idade acima de 40 anos (OR = 6,57 IC 2,66 -16,2; p = 0,000, sexo masculino (OR = 2,76 IC 1,12-6,79; p = 0,027 e a condição de síndrome metabólica (OR = 2,27 IC 0,94-5,50; p = 0,070 mostraram-se associados à aterosclerose na análise multivariada. Níveis elevados de citocinas inflamatórias e moléculas de adesão não mostraram associação com a presença de aterosclerose. CONCLUSÃO: Não houve associação entre os biomarcadores inflamatórios, moléculas de adesão e presença de aterosclerose carotídea. Entretanto, evidenciou-se em homens, pessoas com mais de 40 anos, portadores de escore de Framingham intermediário/alto ou síndrome metabólica maior chance de aterosclerose subclínica.

Plan estratégico de marketing del Cenfotur para la carrera especializada de Guía Oficial de Turismo

OpenAIRE

Doig Alberdi, Sandra Patricia G.

2012-01-01

Propone un plan de marketing de una nueva oferta educativa que permita el incremento en un 100% del número de alumnos de la carrera de guía oficial de turismo en un año. Este nuevo enfoque responde a la especialización temática y capacitación por competencias laborales con certificación progresiva, profesores especialistas en el campo. Además de priorizar el posicionamiento institucional. Trabajo de investigación

Characterization of Microstructure and Performance of YBa2Cu3O7−x Films Synthesized Through Sol–Gel Aqueous Precursors with DEA/TEA Addition

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Tang, Xiao; He, Dong; Zhao, Yichun

2013-01-01

YBa2Cu3O7−x (YBCO) superconducting thin films are synthesized through non-fluorine sol–gel aqueous processes. Diethanolamine (DEA) and triethonalamine (TEA), which have similar molecular structures but different complexation abilities and molecular weights, are separately used as chelating agents...

Utilização da elódea (Egeria densa na alimentação de suínos - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v31i1.3587 The use of pondweed (Egeria densa in pig feed - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v31i1.3587

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gustavo Henrique Novaes de Almeida

2009-05-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho zootécnico, o rendimento de carcaça e a viabilidade econômica da inclusão da elódea brasileira (Egeria densa em rações para suínos nas fases de crescimento e terminação. Foram utilizadas 32 fêmeas suínas, linhagem comercial Dalland C-40, com peso vivo inicial de 23 ± 1,05 kg, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso. Os tratamentos experimentais consistiram de quatro rações isoenergéticas e isoproteicas com níveis crescentes de inclusão da elódea (0, 5, 10 e 15%. A inclusão da elódea influenciou de forma quadrática o consumo de ração, reduziu linearmente o ganho de peso médio diário e aumentou linearmente a conversão alimentar. O peso de carcaça quente o rendimento de carcaça e a espessura de toucinho apresentaram comportamento linear decrescente. A ingestão de cádmio não provocou toxidez nos animais e nem afetou a sua concentração no fígado e rins. A viabilidade econômica em função do peso vivo e do peso da carcaça quente apresentou comportamento quadrático. Conclui-se que a inclusão de elódea representou piora na conversão alimentar e no ganho de peso, porém economicamente é viável incluí-la até 6,5% na ração de fêmeas suínas nas fases de crescimento e terminação.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance livestock, carcass yield and economic viability of including Brazilian elódea (Egeria densa in feed for pigs during the growing and finishing phases. We used 32 females, Dalland C-40 commercial line, with initial body weight of 23 ± 1.05 kg, distributed in a completely randomized design. The experimental treatments consisted of four isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets with crescents levels of inclusion of elodea (0, 5, 10 and 15%. The inclusion of elodea took one quadratic effect of the feed intake, decreased linear of the average daily weight gain and increased linearly the feed conversion. The variables of

Meios de cultura e condiçoes de luminosidade para cultivo in vitro de Cattleya amethystoglossa Linden & Rchb.f.

OpenAIRE

Dronk, Alessandro Garrett

2013-01-01

Resumo: Cattleya amethystoglossa Linden & Rchb.f. é uma orquídea com abundante florescimento, grande beleza, e de valor ornamental. A propagação via sementes de orquídeas in vitro é mais eficiente que a propagação ex vitro. A propagação in vitro permite produzir plantas sem doenças em larga escala e durante o ano todo. Diversos meios de cultura são utilizados na semeadura de orquídeas. Devido ao alto custo e dificuldade de obter alguns componentes do meio de cultura como nitrato de amónia e n...

Exploring the existence of Kuznets curve in countries' environmental efficiency using DEA window analysis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Halkos, George Emm.; Tzeremes, Nickolaos G. [Department of Economics, University of Thessaly, Korai 43, 38333, Volos (Greece)

2009-05-15

This paper, using data envelopment (DEA) window analysis and generalized method of moments (GMM) estimators, examines the existence of a Kuznets type relationship between countries' environmental efficiency and national income. Specifically, it measures the environmental efficiency of 17 OECD countries by constructing environmental efficiency ratios for the time period 1980-2002. The analysis with the application of dynamic panel data reveals that there isn't a Kuznets type relationship between environmental efficiency and income. Allowing for dynamic effects we find that the adjustment to the target ratio is instantaneous. We also find that increased economic activity does not always ensure environmental protection and thus the path of growth is important in addition to the growth itself. (author)

Propuesta metodológica de priorización de áreas para conservación de cuencas. Validación en río Caquinal, Fómeque, Cundinamarca, Colombia.

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Álvaro Martín Gutiérrez Malaxechebarría

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Las cuencas hidrográficas son unidades de territorio que suplen las necesidades  humanas a través de la oferta de recursos naturales, sin embargo, estas áreas también deben ser consideradas espacios potenciales de conservación y garantía de recursos para las generaciones venideras. Esta investigación plantea una propuesta de priorización de áreas estratégicas de conservación para la regulación de caudales, validada con el apoyo de la comunidad en la microcuenca del río Caquinal ubicada en el municipio de Fómeque, Cundinamarca, Colombia. La propuesta incluye elementos de índole físico-ambiental, normativo, socioeconómico y cultural, enfocados a integrar y a entender la dinámica de la cuenca hidrográfica, en cuanto a su respuesta hidrológica dentro del modelo lluvia- escorrentía, su relación con la morfometría, los múltiples usos del recurso hídrico y los lineamientos de orden ambiental, legislativo y social que aplican a una zona de estudio. La metodología, está dividida en dos fases, la primera corresponde al análisis de la cuenca y la segunda específicamente a la priorización de áreas, en la cual se propone la aplicación de la matriz descriptiva que reúne las principales variables a analizar de cada área y permite identificar cuáles de éstas son prioritarias o estratégicas. Se encontró que la metodología desarrollada constituye una herramienta para la toma de decisiones en la protección de cuencas hidrográficas y se espera que guie las acciones para priorizar áreas con diversos fines y objetivos.

Relative Efficiency Indicators of the Credit Management Process in a Colombian Bank by Means of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)

OpenAIRE

Sánchez-Gooding, Sandra Paola; Universidad Nacional de Colombia; Rodríguez-Lozano, Gloria Isabel; Universidad Nacional de Colombia

2017-01-01

The purpose of this work is to measure the relative efficiency of the units that take part in the credit management process in a Colombian bank by means of the use of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Using a doublé optimization process, this advanced linear programmingmethodology generates a single relative efficiency index for each one of the units being studied, although it is capable of including multiple resources and multiple outputs. In the bank that was used as the object of this study...

Koordinasi Optimal Capacitive Energy Storage (CES dan Kontroler PID Menggunakan Differential Evolution Algorithm (DEA pada Sistem Tenaga Listrik

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Akbar Swandaru

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Peningkatan suplai daya listrik diperlukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan daya listrik. Generator cenderung beroperasi dalam beban penuh.Hal ini berpengaruh pada keamanan generator dalam operasi sistem tenaga listrik.Salah satu masalah adalah osilasi frekuensi.Bila perubahan beban terjadi, kontroler diperlukan untuk meredam osilasi frekuensi ini.Pada tugas akhir ini diusulkan sebuah koordinasi antara Kontroler Capacitive Energy Storage (CES dan Kontroler PID. CES disini berfungsi untuk membantu kinerja Governor agar meredam osilasi frekuensi dengan cepat. Kontroler CES ini digunakan bersama dengan PID controller yang dioptimalkan dengan  Differential Evolution Algorithm (DEA.

O desenvolvimento do turismo rural com perspectivas sustentáveis para a comunidade Lagoa da Prata-Parnaíba/Piauí

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José Maria Alves da Cunha

2015-07-01

Full Text Available O trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a possibilidade de desenvolvimento do turismo rural na comunidade Lagoa da Prata, em Parnaíba, Piauí, a partir de uma abordagem sustentável. Além disso, caracterizar a área do objeto de estudo com uma visão holística e estabelecer teoricamente os meios de viabilizar o segmento na localidade. A metodologia empregada partiu da pesquisa bibliográfica (livros e sites, documental e de campo, com aplicação de questionários fechados e a observação simples. A pesquisa revelou singularidades e potencialidades na região quanto à implantação do turismo no espaço rural, com destaque para a população local que se mostrou disposta a participar da atividade, condição que favorece o processo de implementação do turismo em áreas rurais. Assim, conclui-se que o planejamento estratégico e participativo deve existir antes do início da exploração turística, a fim de priorizar a anulação de possíveis impactos negativos sobre a comunidade.

Evaluationon Rail Transit Connection Mode Selection Based on Interval DEA Model%基于区间DEA模型的轨道交通衔接模式选择评价研究

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

蒋文

2012-01-01

合理完善的不同层次的轨道交通线路衔接模式,对于发挥都市圈轨道交通网络的整体效率显得尤为重要.通过确定评价指标体系及其计算方法,建立了适用于轨道交通衔接模式的选择评价的模糊区间DEA(Data Envelopment Analysis)模型.以珠三角地区典型轨道交通线路为研究案例,应用模糊区间DEA模型对衔接模式进行评价分析.结果表明,模型计算结果与工程设计方案相一致,表明所建立的区间DEA模型在轨道交通衔接模式的选择评价中具有一定的适用性.%Reasonable and effective connection mode of rail transit at different levels is rather important to improve the overall efficiency of Metropolitan rail transit network. Based on the building index calculation system of the model, the paper develops a fuzzy interval DEA model of the special needs to evaluate the selections of connection mode of rail transit. Taking the Pearl River Delta region rail network in China as an example, the interval DEA models are tested. The model results matched well with the engineering design plan. It proves that the established interval DEA models is feasible and applicable in rail traffic convergence mode selection evaluation.

Priorização do transporte publico em intersecções semaforizadas

OpenAIRE

Nicolau Pizzolante Neto

2003-01-01

Resumo: O ônibus, principal meio de transporte de passageiros nas áreas urbanas brasileiras, recebe, em geral, tratamento idêntico aos veículos de pequeno porte em meio ao trânsito. Exceções, como faixas exclusivas e outras providências, geralmente em vias arteriais, ocupam leitos carroçáveis sem otimizar seu uso, criando áreas, que deixam, desnecessariamente, de atender a demandas de fluxo. Pode-se priorizar a passagem dos ônibus e adequar para isso o uso da via. O presente estudo vem ao enc...

The relative efficiency of Iranian's rural traffic police: a three-stage DEA model.

Science.gov (United States)

Rahimi, Habibollah; Soori, Hamid; Nazari, Seyed Saeed Hashemi; Motevalian, Seyed Abbas; Azar, Adel; Momeni, Eskandar; Javartani, Mehdi

2017-10-13

Road traffic Injuries (RTIs) as a health problem imposes governments to implement different interventions. Target achievement in this issue required effective and efficient measures. Efficiency evaluation of traffic police as one of the responsible administrators is necessary for resource management. Therefore, this study conducted to measure Iran's rural traffic police efficiency. This was an ecological study. To obtain pure efficiency score, three-stage DEA model was conducted with seven inputs and three output variables. At the first stage, crude efficiency score was measured with BCC-O model. Next, to extract the effects of socioeconomic, demographic, traffic count and road infrastructure as the environmental variables and statistical noise, the Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) model was applied and the output values were modified according to similar environment and statistical noise conditions. Then, the pure efficiency score was measured using modified outputs and BCC-O model. In total, the efficiency score of 198 police stations from 24 provinces of 31 provinces were measured. The annual means (standard deviation) of damage, injury and fatal accidents were 247.7 (258.4), 184.9 (176.9), and 28.7 (19.5), respectively. Input averages were 5.9 (3.0) patrol teams, 0.5% (0.2) manpower proportions, 7.5 (2.9) patrol cars, 0.5 (1.3) motorcycles, 77,279.1 (46,794.7) penalties, 90.9 (2.8) cultural and educational activity score, 0.7 (2.4) speed cameras. The SFA model showed non-significant differences between police station performances and the most differences attributed to the environmental and random error. One-way main road, by road, traffic count and the number of household owning motorcycle had significant positive relations with inefficiency score. The length of freeway/highway and literacy rate variables had negative relations, significantly. Pure efficiency score was with mean of 0.95 and SD of 0.09. Iran's traffic police has potential opportunity to reduce

Estrategias para aumentar la seguridad del paciente en hemodiálisis: Aplicación del sistema de análisis modal de fallos y efectos (sistema AMFE

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María Dolores Arenas Jiménez

2017-11-01

Conclusiones: Las complicaciones en HD son frecuentes y la consideración de algunas de ellas como EA podría mejorar la seguridad en la asistencia, al poner en marcha medidas preventivas. La implementación del sistema AMFE permite estratificar y priorizar los posibles fallos de las unidades de diálisis, y actuar con mayor o menor premura, desarrollando las acciones de mejora necesarias.

The application of DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) window analysis in the assessment of influence on operational efficiencies after the establishment of branched hospitals.

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Jia, Tongying; Yuan, Huiyun

2017-04-12

Many large-scaled public hospitals have established branched hospitals in China. This study is to provide evidence for strategy making on the management and development of multi-branched hospitals by evaluating and comparing the operational efficiencies of different hospitals before and after their establishment of branched hospitals. DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) window analysis was performed on a 7-year data pool from five public hospitals provided by health authorities and institutional surveys. The operational efficiencies of sample hospitals measured in this study (including technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency) had overall trends towards increase during this 7-year period of time, however, a temporary downturn occurred shortly after the establishment of branched hospitals; pure technical efficiency contributed more to the improvement of technical efficiency compared to scale efficiency. The establishment of branched-hospitals did not lead to a long-term negative effect on hospital operational efficiencies. Our data indicated the importance of improving scale efficiency via the optimization of organizational management, as well as the advantage of a different form of branch-establishment, merging and reorganization. This study brought an insight into the practical application of DEA window analysis on the assessment of hospital operational efficiencies.

Profit Malmquist Index and Its Global Form in the Presence of the Negative Data in DEA

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Ghasem Tohidi

2014-01-01

Full Text Available This paper first introduces the allocative and profit efficiency in the presence of the negative data and then presents a new circular index to measure the productivity change of decision making units (DMUs for the case that the dataset contains the inputs and/or outputs with the negative values in data envelopment analysis (DEA. The proposed index is decomposed into four components in the two stages. The range directional model (RDM and the proposed efficiencies are used to compute the proposed index and its components. The interpretations of the components are presented. Finally, a numerical example is organized to illustrate the proposed index and its components at three successive periods of time.

Efficiency dynamics and sustainability of the Indian IT-ITeS industry: An empirical investigation using DEA

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Sankalpa Bhattacharjee

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Efficiency considerations of the Indian IT-ITeS industry have come to the forefront especially with slowdown in the US and other major industrialised economies. Using the DEA technique, this paper argues that the key to sustainability rests on the operational efficiency of the players. Primary data for this study has been collected from STP Kolkata for a period of 15 years. The results reveal that (technical efficiency varies across industry segments and increases with greater global orientation of the unit. The study prescribes segment-specific policies for sustainability of the industry instead of a uniform policy that has been the usual practice.

Application of FMEA-DEA (Failure Modes and Effect Analysis - Data Envelopment Analysis) to the air conditioning system of the control room a nuclear power plant

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barbosa Junior, Gilberto Varanda

2007-03-01

This dissertation presents the FMEA-DEA analysis application to the air conditioning system of the control room of a nuclear power plant. After obtaining the failure modes, the index associated to the occurrence probability, the severity of the effects and the potential of detention, a priority order is established for the failure modes or deviations. This number is obtained by multiplying the three mentioned index that vary in a natural scale from 1 to 10, where the higher the index, the more critical the situation will be. In this work, it is intended to use a model based on the data envelopment analysis, DEA jointly with the FMEA, to identify the current efficiency of the system and which failure modes or deviations are considered more critical, and by means of the weights attributed for the mathematical modeling to identify which index are contributing more for these deviations. From this identification, improvements can be set, which may consider administrative changes, operator training and so on, thus adding value to the final product. (author)

Ranking of bank branches with undesirable and fuzzy data: A DEA-based approach

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Sohrab Kordrostami

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Banks are one of the most important financial sectors in order to the economic development of each country. Certainly, efficiency scores and ranks of banks are significant and effective aspects towards future planning. Sometimes the performance of banks must be measured in the presence of undesirable and vague factors. For these reasons in the current paper a procedure based on data envelopment analysis (DEA is introduced for evaluating the efficiency and complete ranking of decision making units (DMUs where undesirable and fuzzy measures exist. To illustrate, in the presence of undesirable and fuzzy measures, DMUs are evaluated by using a fuzzy expected value approach and DMUs with similar efficiency scores are ranked by using constraints and the Maximal Balance Index based on the optimal shadow prices. Afterwards, the efficiency scores of 25 branches of an Iranian commercial bank are evaluated using the proposed method. Also, a complete ranking of bank branches is presented to discriminate branches.

Do Forwarders Improve Sustainability Efficiency? Evidence from a European DEA Malmquist Index Calculation

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Matthias Klumpp

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Sustainability performance and efficiency is an important topic in transportation and for forwarders. This is shown, for example, by the fact that major logistics service providers LSP publish sustainability reports, often within the annual legal business report. However, in depth research is missing regarding the efficiency of forwarders regarding the established triple bottom line approach for sustainability, including economic, social, and ecology performance areas. This is especially true for a dynamic time-series perspective, as usually only static analyses for one point in time are presented (in most cases single business years. Therefore, the operations research technique of a data envelopment analysis (DEA Malmquist index calculation is used in order to provide a longitudinal calculation of efficiency, incorporating multiple objectives regarding the triple bottom line approach for European forwarders. Several indicators are tested, including total revenues and assets as input types, profit (EBIT and dividend volume (economic dimension, employment and gender equality in management (social, and carbon-equivalent emissions (environmental as output types.

del análisis de costo de servir

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Christopher Mejía-Argueta

2015-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de esta investigación es generar esquemas logísticos y comerciales rentables, para lo cual seconstruye una metodología que mide el costo de servir y se determina la rentabilidad a partir de losestados financieros, que va de lo general a lo específico, permitiendo cerrar las brechas identificadas enel análisis de costo de servir para mercados emergentes. La metodología consta de 3 fases y 12 pasos quealinean la estrategia, alcance, procesos y costeo de actividades con la segmentación de cuentas rentables,marginales y no rentables, para generar mayor rentabilidad. Como resultado se construyen herramientasque permiten priorizar a los clientes, así como definir la estrategia logística y comercial ideal para losobjetos de estudio (cliente, producto, etc..© 2015 Universidad ICESI. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. Este es un artículo Open Access bajo lalicencia CC BY (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

On Characterizing weak defining hyperplanes (weak Facets in DEA with Constant Returns to Scale Technology

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Dariush Akbarian

2017-09-01

Full Text Available The Production Possibility Set (PPS is defined as a set of inputs and outputs of a system in which inputs can produce outputs. The Production Possibility Set of the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA model is contain of two types defining hyperplanes (facets; strong and weak efficient facets. In this paper, the problem of finding weak defining hyperplanes of the PPS of the CCR model is dealt with. However, the equation of strong defining hyperplanes of the PPS of the CCR model can be found in this paper. We state and prove some properties relative to our method. To illustrate the applicability of the proposed model, some numerical examples are finally provided. Our algorithm can easily be implemented using existing packages for operation research, such as GAMS.

A quantitative discussion on the assessment of power supply technologies: DEA (data envelopment analysis) and SAW (simple additive weighting) as complementary methods for the “Grammar”

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shakouri, Hamed G.; Nabaee, Mahdis; Aliakbarisani, Sajad

2014-01-01

The growing concern about the negative effects of fossil fuels on the environment, and the limited resources of them have forced more intensive use of other energy sources. In absence of sufficient economically feasible renewable energies, nuclear power may play essential role in this field. Recently, the advantages and disadvantages of nuclear power and fossil fuels regarding their efficiencies have been attracted researchers' interest. This paper discusses on the findings from “A Grammar for assessing the performance of power supply systems: comparing nuclear energy to fossil energy” (Diaz-Maurin F, Giampietro M. 2013). Although the “Grammar” is a very valuable approach, it can be accomplished by using helpful quantitative methods. In this discussion, we apply quantitative decision-making approaches to compare the same fossil fuel (coal) power plants with nuclear power plants. Economic variables are also taken into consideration. The DEA (data envelopment analysis) and SAW (simple additive weighting) are the methods applied. Results confirm the results of the reference paper in most cases and show that the fossil fuel power plants with CCS (carbon capture and storage) are slightly more efficient than nuclear power plants. However, selection of input and output variables is disputable. Assuming job creation as a desired output can change the ranking results. - Highlights: • A numeric decision making approach is proposed to facilitate assessment of technologies introduced as a “Grammar”. • Two different methods are chosen (SAW and DEA) since the results obtained for ranking may differ with different methods. • We propose to use the original fractional objective function of DEA with equal weightings applied for the attributes. • Proper combinations of both input and output attributes including economic variables are discussed. • The attributes for assessment of the technologies differ from different viewpoints. Labor force and costs are simple

A comparative study among fossil fuel power plants in PJM and California ISO by DEA environmental assessment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sueyoshi, Toshiyuki; Goto, Mika

2013-01-01

This study compares among fossil fuel power plants in PJM and California ISO by their unified (operational and environmental) performance. DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) is used as a methodology. For comparative analysis, DEA incorporates strategic concepts such as natural and managerial disposability into the computational process. This study explores both how to measure Returns to Scale (RTS) under natural disposability and how to measure Damages to Scale (DTS) under managerial disposability. This empirical study obtains two implications on US energy policy. One of the two policy implications is that California ISO outperforms PJM in terms of the three unified efficiency measures. The result implies that strict regulation on undesirable outputs, as found in California, is important in enhancing the performance of US fossil fuel power plants. Thus, it is necessary for federal and local governments to regulate the fossil fuel power plants under the strict implementation of environmental protection. Under such a policy direction, it is possible for US fossil fuel power plants to attain economic prosperity (by enhancing their operational efficiencies) and to satisfy environmental regulation (by enhancing their environmental efficiencies). The other policy implication is that coal-fired and gas-fired power plants in PJM and California ISO need to reduce their operational sizes or introduce technology innovation on desirable and undesirable outputs and/or new management for environmental protection within their operations. Meanwhile, oil-fired power plants may increase their operational sizes if they can introduce technology innovation and new management on undesirable outputs. - Highlights: • This study compares fossil fuel power plants in PJM and California ISO. • California ISO outperforms PJM in terms of their unified efficiency measures. • Regulation by Clean Air Act is important for environmental protection. • Fossil fuel power plants need technology

El proyecto de investigación para el estudio de la geometría dentro de la realidad arquitectónica. El trabajo por proyectos

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Moratalla, A.

2011-12-01

Full Text Available The PBL is a very suitable methodology for being used in the University teaching, because of is researcher character. The learning is active, it involves all the students and works other different cognitive capabilities that where developed with the master class. In this course, with the implementation of Bologna Plan, we plan, with some other teachers who belong to the educational innovative group Didáctica de las Matemáticas, at the UPM, to introduce some changes aimed at this type of learning in the subject of the first Degree course of Architecture, called Geometría Euclídea, Afín y Proyectiva (Euclidean geometry, Affine and Projective.

El Trabajo por Proyectos es una metodología muy apropiada para utilizarla en la enseñanza superior, por su carácter investigador. El aprendizaje es activo, involucra al alumno y trabaja otras capacidades cognitivas distintas a las que se desarrollan con la clase magistral. Con la implantación, este curso, del llamado Plan Bolonia, algunos profesores pertenecientes al Grupo de Innovación Educativa Didáctica de las Matemáticas de la UPM, nos planteamos introducir en la asignatura de primer curso del Grado de Arquitectura, denominada Geometría Euclídea, Afín y Proyectiva algunos cambios dirigidos a este tipo de aprendizaje.

Exposición a riesgos psicosociales entre la población asalariada en España (2004-05: valores de referencia de las 21 dimensiones del cuestionario COPSOQ ISTAS21

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Salvador Moncada Lluís

2008-01-01

Resultados. La tasa de respuesta fue del 60%. La dimensión de Previsibilidad fue la que mostró mayor diferencia entre las proporciones de "verde" y ¿rojo¿ (7,14. Claridad de rol agrupó el 35,06 % de la población entre las puntuaciones 100 y 93,75, y Sentimiento de grupo el 29,6% entre 100 y 91,67. Doble presencia y Esconder emociones acumularon el 34,02% y el 27,74% % de la población entre 0 y 12,5 puntos, respectivamente. Conclusiones. Se dispone de distribuciones de referencia representativas para población asalariada en España y actualizadas a 2005 para las 21 dimensiones del método COPSOQ ISTAS21 de evaluación de riesgos psicosociales, base necesaria para diagnosticar las situaciones de riesgo y priorizar las acciones preventivas necesarias en las empresas.

Activated charcoal and graphite for the micropropagation of Cattleya bicolor Lindl. and a orchid double-hybrid ‘BLC Pastoral Innocence’=Carvão ativado e grafite para a micropropagação de Cattleya bicolor Lindl. e um duplo híbrido de orquídea ‘BLC Pastoral Innocence’

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Claudete Aparecida Mangolin

2012-04-01

Full Text Available No previous studies have investigated the use of graphite instead of activated charcoal in orchids. In this work, different concentrations of activated charcoal or graphite were added to KC medium to darken the culture medium and stimulate the in vitro propagation of Cattleya bicolor and of a double hybrid orchid (‘BLC Pastoral Innocence’. The seedlings were inoculated on growth regulator-free KC medium; the effects of activated charcoal (0.0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, 6.0, and 7.5 g L-1 and graphite (0.0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, 6.0, and 7.5 g L-1 concentrations were tested separately. Each flask contained fifteen seedlings, and the experiments had a randomised, two-way factorial design. The two tested variables were culture medium and illumination levels; eleven culture levels (different concentrations of graphite or activate charcoal and two illumination levels (14-hr photoperiod or continuous illumination were evaluated. Three replicates of each combination were utilised. After six months of culture, the average numbers of induced buds and roots per seedling were recorded for each concentration of activated charcoal or graphite. Whereas the largest number of buds in C. bicolor seedlings occurred on media containing 6.0 or 7.5 g L-1 graphite, the largest number of roots occurred on media containing 6.0 g L-1 activated charcoal. In the hybrid ‘BLC Pastoral Innocence’, the largest number of buds and roots was reported in medium with 4.5 g L-1 activated charcoal. When using graphite in place of activated charcoal, we obtained disparate the results in root formation that suggest that graphite is not a recommended substitute for activated charcoal.Nenhum estudo prévio tem investigado o uso de grafite como substituto do carvão ativado em orquídeas. No presente trabalho, concentrações diferentes de carvão ativado ou de grafite foram adicionadas ao meio KC para escurecer o meio de cultura e estimular a propagação in vitro de Cattleya bicolor e de um

EFISIENSI PERSAINGAN BANK UMUM SYARIAH: PENDEKATAN DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS (DEA DAN BOSTON CONSULTING GROUP (BCG

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Rizqon Halal Syah Aji

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Islamic Banking industry in Indonesia has begun dynamic. Product availability and standardization of Islamic banking products, the level of understanding by the public of products of Islamic banks and human resources. Market share of Islamic Banking in Indonesia to lock everything. Recent data Directorate of Islamic Banking in 2011 reached Rp 127,19 T, assets of BPRS amounting to Rp 3.35 T, can be calculated total Islamic banking assets as of October 2011 reached Rp 130,5 T. Financing very important factor, Data Envelopment Analisys (DEA is a measuring instrument of financing. Map of the Bank's performance in the competition between banks can be analyzed by matrix BCG (Boston Consulting Group. This matrix is used to describe the difference between the position of the relative market share of the Bank.DOI: 10.15408/sjie.v3i1.2059

Kinerja Efisiensi Teknis Bank Pembangunan Daerah: Pendekatan Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA

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Zaenal Abidin

2009-01-01

Full Text Available This research utilises the non-parametric frontier approach, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA to analyze technical efficiency of the regional development banks (BPD. The data was during 2006-2007 covering 26 BPD in Indonesia. The result of study indicated that the regional of development bank did not achieve technical efficiency at the level of maximum (100%. On avarege, the big-asset of BPD are found to be more efficient than the middle and small asset. The study has important implications such as guiding the BPD policy regarding merger and bank intermediary. Since the study pinpoints the sources of inefficiency , it would also help banks with strategic planning Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia:Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan non-parametrik Data Envelopment Analysis untuk menganalisis efisiensi teknis Bank Pembangunan Daerah (BPD. Data yang digunakan selama 2006-2007 yang meliputi 26 bank BPD seluruh Indonesia. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa kinerja efisiensi teknis bank BPD belum mencapai tingkat efisiensi optimal 100 persen. Secara rata-rata, bank BPD beraset lebih besar lebih efisien daripada bank BPD beraset menengah dan kecil. Penelitian ini memiliki implikasi penting dalam rangka mengoptimalkan kinerja efisiensi maka bank kecil dan menengah harus melakukan merger dan meningkat fungsi intermediasi perbankan. 

Surface Heat Flux and Pressure Distribution on a Hypersonic Blunt Body With DEAS

Science.gov (United States)

Salvador, I. I.; Minucci, M. A. S.; Toro, P. G. P.; Oliveira, A. C.; Channes, J. B.

2008-04-01

With the currently growing interest for advanced technologies to enable hypersonic flight comes the Direct Energy Air Spike concept, where pulsed beamed laser energy is focused upstream of a blunt flight vehicle to disrupt the flow structure creating a virtual, slender body geometry. This allies in the vehicle both advantages of a blunt body (lower thermal stresses) to that of a slender geometry (lower wave drag). The research conducted at the Henry T. Nagamatsu Laboratory for Aerodynamics and Hypersonics focused on the measurement of the surface pressure and heat transfer rates on a blunt model. The hypersonic flight conditions were simulated at the HTN Laboratory's 0.3 m T2 Hypersonic Shock Tunnel. During the tests, the laser energy was focused upstream the model by an infrared telescope to create the DEAS effect, which was supplied by a TEA CO2 laser. Piezoelectric pressure transducers were used for the pressure measurements and fast response coaxial thermocouples were used for the measurement of surface temperature, which was later used for the estimation of the wall heat transfer using the inverse heat conduction theory.

Relação anatômica entre o nervo hipoglosso e a bifurcação carotídea Anatomical relation between the hypoglossal nerve and the carotid artery bifurcation

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Felipe S. G. Fortes

Full Text Available Introdução: Nas últimas décadas o índice de complicações neurológicas centrais e mortalidade após cirurgia da artéria carótida (tumor do corpo carotídeo e endarterectomia diminuiu significativamente. A lesão de nervos cranianos continua pouco alterada e elevada, e a lesão do nervo hipoglosso é a mais freqüente. Objetivo: Estudar a relação entre o nervo hipoglosso e a bifurcação carotídea, determinando a distância entre estas estruturas, além de estudar a influência do sexo, idade, raça e comprimento do pescoço sobre esta medida. Forma de estudo: Experimental. Material e método: Foram realizadas 38 dissecções da artéria carótida em 38 cadáveres. Os cadáveres eram colocados em posição padrão (pescoço em extensão de 95º. Após identificação do nervo e da bifurcação carotídea, foi medida a distância entre as estruturas. O comprimento do pescoço foi medido do processo mastóide até a incisura jugular. Resultados: O nervo hipoglosso não foi encontrado abaixo da bifurcação, e a distância entre o nervo e a bifurcação variou de 0.5 a 4.3 cm (média = 2.1 cm, mediana = 2.0 cm, desvio padrão = 0.63 cm. Comprimento do pescoço, sexo, raça e idade não demonstraram significância estatística. Conclusão: Nesta amostra observamos grande variação anatômica entre o nervo hipoglosso e a bifurcação carotídea, e não houve correlação com comprimento do pescoço, sexo, raça e idade. Um melhor entendimento da anatomia do nervo hipoglosso e a sua variação em relação à bifurcação carotídea são importantes para prevenir lesão do nervo hipoglosso.Introduction: In the last decades the incidence of central nervous complications and death has decreased, especially in endarterectomy and carotid body tumor. Contrastingly, the incidence of cranial nerve following is a problem that remains high and little changed, and the hypoglossal nerve dysfunction is the most frequent. Aim: The aim of this study was

EFFICIENCY OF INDONESIA’S MUTUAL FUNDS DURING 2007-2011 BY USING DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS (DEA

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Riko Hendrawan

2017-03-01

Full Text Available The purpose of this research was to assess the efficiency of mutual funds in Indonesia during the period 2007to 2011. To measure their efficiencies, the output-input data consisting of a panel of 105 mutual funds thatconsisted of 29 equity mutual funds, 38 balanced mutual funds and 39 fixed mutual funds were empiricallyexamined based on the most commonly used non-parametric approach, namely, Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA. The study found that based on the average score in during 2007 – 2011 performance of equity mutualfund Commonwealth Life Investra Equity had the highest index score, meanwhile Trimegah - trim capital wasthe lowest, performance of balanced mutual fund Reksa Dana CIMB-principal Dollar had the highest indexscore, meanwhile first State Indonesian Multistrategy was the lowest. Performance of equity mutual fund BrentDana Tetap had the highest index score, meanwhile stable debenture fund had the lowest one.

Falta de coherencia en las políticas de reanimación básica en Colombia

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Javier Eslava-Schmalbach

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Hace 16 años se creó en Bogotá, Colombia, el Centro Regulador de Urgencias y Emergencias (CRUE y en el año 2005 se asignó la línea telefónica con el número "123", denominada Número Único de Seguridad y Emergencias (NUSE. Se trata de acciones loables y valiosas para coordinar y regular la prestación de los servicios de salud de urgencias y la atención de la población afectada en situaciones de emergencia o desastre (1,2. Adicionalmente, desde el comienzo de este milenio, se implementó la exigencia en la formación de los profesionales de salud de elementos de reanimación básica y avanzada, que incluyen evidentemente el uso del Desfibrilador Automático Externo (DEA dentro de sus protocolos de manejo (3. La resolución 1441 de 2013 del Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social de Colombia (4 exigió, para la atención básica de urgencias extrahospitalarias, la dotación con DEA, actualizando a nuestro país en requisitos de atención apropiados, exigidos en otros países desde mucho tiempo atrás, en consideración a la alta valoración de la vida humana. Sorprendentemente, al parecer ante la presión de los prestadores de servicios de salud que aducen altos costos para su implementación, el Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social decidió retirar el DEA, como requisito mínimo para la prestación de este tipo de servicios, con la Resolución 2003 de 2014 (5. Así las cosas, las ambulancias de Atención Básica no están obligadas a tener el DEA a partir de este año

Dependência espacial da eficiência do uso da terra em assentamento rural na Amazônia Spatial dependence of land use efficiency in an Amazon rural settlement

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Eliane Gonçalves Gomes

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Mudanças no uso e manejo da terra podem ser responsáveis por incrementos na produtividade agrícola. Neste artigo propõe-se o uso de modelos de Análise de Envoltória de Dados (DEA para avaliar a distribuição espacial da eficiência de agricultores familiares na forma do uso da terra. Estudou-se a evolução da "produtividade da terra" para um grupo de agricultores de Machadinho d'Oeste (RO, para quatro períodos de tempo. As variáveis dos modelos DEA foram as produções de arroz, milho e café como outputs, e a área total plantada dessas culturas como input. Os resultados mostram que o plantio simultâneo de arroz e milho foi a combinação de melhor desempenho. Houve dependência espacial para a eficiência produtiva nos quatro anos avaliados. Os anos de 1999 e 2002 apresentaram maior uniformização em termos da eficiência produtiva dos lotes por toda área, com os lotes mais eficientes concentrando-se na parte central da área de estudo.Agricultural productivity enhancement can be due to land use and land handling changes. In this paper we propose the use of Data Envelopment Analysis models (DEA to evaluate the spatial distribution of family farmers land use efficiency. We studied the "land productivity" evolution for a sample of family farmers from Machadinho d'Oeste (RO, during four periods of time. DEA models variables were rice, maize and coffee productions as outputs, and these crops total cultivated area as input. As a result we noticed that cultivating simultaneously rice and maize was the best performance case. Efficiency measurements had spatial dependence in the four periods of time. In 1999 and 2002 farms productive efficiency measurements were more uniformly distributed; the most efficient farmers were concentrated in the central part of the studied area.

Em busca de um perfil epistemológico para a prática educacional em educação em ciências Seeking an epistemic profile for educational practice in Science Education

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Rejane Aurora Mion

2005-08-01

Full Text Available Procuramos fazer uma comparação entre programas de investigação científica em Lakatos (1978 e 1979 e programas de investigação-ação educacionais crítico-ativos, buscando assim o perfil epistemológico da prática educacional em ciências naturais, apontando em que a ciência pode iluminar a nossa prática, os nossos problemas de ensinar e aprender. Nas idéias de Lakatos, buscamos complementos para a estruturação de um programa de investigação-ação educacional na formação inicial de professores, bem como a orientação para a reconstrução racional da própria prática educacional. Não estamos querendo priorizar as ciências naturais sobre as ciências sociais, mesmo porque essa visão de mundo não daria conta dos problemas no ensino, pois são visões distintas. Buscamos bases epistemológicas para o fazer educativo.We carry out a comparison between the scientific research programs, described by Lakatos (1978 and 1979, and the educational programs of active critical action-research, seeking an epistemic profile and pointing out where science can clarify our practice and identify problems of learning and teaching. Taking into account Lakatos' ideas, we seek features to structure an educational action-research program for initial teachers as well as establishing guidelines for a rational reconstruction of teachers' own practice. We do not intend to prioritize natural sciences over social sciences because it would not solve the teaching problems since both present different points of view. We are seeking an epistemic foundation for educational practice.

Prevention of sports injuries. Keys to Optimal Athletic Performance. Romero Rodríguez, Daniel y Tous Fajardo, Julio. Medica Panamericana D. L., Madrid, 2010.

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Sebastian Pascuas

2014-12-01

Full Text Available La obra presenta variados temas, alguno de los cuales son abordados en forma general y en otros los autores profundizan introduciendo al lector en el verdadero  campo de la prevención. Dentro de estos temas dedican un capítulo a uno de los pilares más importantes para  la determinación de puntos débiles, que es la valoración de los aspectos necesarios de la forma física en relación a la posibilidad de lesiones, es decir, poder determinar el perfil lesivo de cada deportista. Se presentan metodologías de tratamiento en la prevención de lesiones basadas en tres pilares fundamentales: enfoque neuromuscular, entrenamiento de la fuerza para orientar los tratamientos y priorizar  el componente excéntrico del movimiento como base funcional para la prevención. Así mismo incorpora una metodología de trabajo por medio de la vibración

Influence of deleting some of the inputs and outputs on efficiency status of units in DEA

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Abbas ali Noora

2013-06-01

Full Text Available One of the important issues in data envelopment analysis (DEA is sensitivity analysis. This study discusses about deleting some of the inputs and outputs and investigates the influence of it on efficiency status of Decision Making Units (DMUs. To this end some models are presented for recognizing this influence on efficient DMUs. Model 2 (Model 3 in section 3 investigates the influence of deleting i(th input (r(th output on an efficient DMU. Thereafter these models are improved for deleting multiple inputs and outputs. Furthermore, a model is presented for recognizing the maximum number of inputs and (or outputs from among specified inputs and outputs which can be deleted, whereas an efficient DMU preserves its efficiency. Finally, the presented models are utilized for a set of DMUs and the results are reported.

Performance Based Clustering for Benchmarking of Container Ports: an Application of Dea and Cluster Analysis Technique

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Jie Wu

2010-12-01

Full Text Available The operational performance of container ports has received more and more attentions in both academic and practitioner circles, the performance evaluation and process improvement of container ports have also been the focus of several studies. In this paper, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA, an effective tool for relative efficiency assessment, is utilized for measuring the performances and benchmarking of the 77 world container ports in 2007. The used approaches in the current study consider four inputs (Capacity of Cargo Handling Machines, Number of Berths, Terminal Area and Storage Capacity and a single output (Container Throughput. The results for the efficiency scores are analyzed, and a unique ordering of the ports based on average cross efficiency is provided, also cluster analysis technique is used to select the more appropriate targets for poorly performing ports to use as benchmarks.

Efficiency evaluation of China's investment in Africa under the background of constructing "Silk Road Economic Belt": Application of DEA model and Malmquist index method

OpenAIRE

Ze, Tian; Yumei, Fan; Chao, Liu

2018-01-01

In recent years, with implementation and propulsion of the strategic planning "One Belt and One Road" of China, quality and efficiency of China's foreign direct investment have increasingly become a focused issue. This paper utilizes the DEA model and Malmquist index method to select the data of China's investment in 20 countries of Africa and conducts the empirical research on dynamic evaluation of efficiency of China's direct investment in Africa. The result shows that the general efficienc...

Oncidium cavendishianum (Bateman, NUEVO REPORTE PARA LA ESTACIÓN CIENTÍFICA LAS JOYAS. GUADALAJARA, JALISCO, MÉXICO

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Seidel González-Díaz

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Se presenta un nuevo reporte de la orquídea mexicana Oncidium cavendishianum (Bateman, en áreas del bosque mesófilo en la Estación Científica Las Joyas, Reserva de la Biosfera, Sierra de Manantlán, Guadalajara, Jalisco México, la especie se ha reportado además para los municipios de Temascaltepec, Cieneguillas de González, San Lucas del Pulque, Telpintla, Carnicería y Real de Arriba. La identificación de la especie estuvo a cargo del colectivo de profesores del departamento botánico del Centro Universitario de la Costa Sur, Autlán de Navarro. La colecta se procesó y conservó en el herbario de la entidad antes mencionada. En el presente trabajo se muestra una imagen fotográfica de la planta, con la descripción botánica correspondiente, así como su ubicación en el área de estudio.

Measuring Efficiency of Knowledge Production in Health Research Centers Using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA): A Case Study in Iran.

Science.gov (United States)

Amiri, Mohammad Meskarpour; Nasiri, Taha; Saadat, Seyed Hassan; Anabad, Hosein Amini; Ardakan, Payman Mahboobi

2016-11-01

Efficiency analysis is necessary in order to avoid waste of materials, energy, effort, money, and time during scientific research. Therefore, analyzing efficiency of knowledge production in health areas is necessary, especially for developing and in-transition countries. As the first step in this field, the aim of this study was the analysis of selected health research center efficiency using data envelopment analysis (DEA). This retrospective and applied study was conducted in 2015 using input and output data of 16 health research centers affiliated with a health sciences university in Iran during 2010-2014. The technical efficiency of health research centers was evaluated based on three basic data envelopment analysis (DEA) models: input-oriented, output-oriented, and hyperbolic-oriented. The input and output data of each health research center for years 2010-2014 were collected from the Iran Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOHE) profile and analyzed by R software. The mean efficiency score in input-oriented, output-oriented, and hyperbolic-oriented models was 0.781, 0.671, and 0.798, respectively. Based on results of the study, half of the health research centers are operating below full efficiency, and about one-third of them are operating under the average efficiency level. There is also a large gap between health research center efficiency relative to each other. It is necessary for health research centers to improve their efficiency in knowledge production through better management of available resources. The higher level of efficiency in a significant number of health research centers is achievable through more efficient management of human resources and capital. Further research is needed to measure and follow the efficiency of knowledge production by health research centers around the world and over a period of time.

Identificación, referenciación y análisis de los vectores estratégicos del plan estratégico de ciencia, tecnología e innovación del Tolima

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Alexis A. Aguilera Alvear

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Como parte de las actividades metodológicas para la formulación del Plan Estratégico de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación del Tolima (PECTIT, se propone la realización de la referenciación internacional con el propósito de identificar los vectores estratégicos de Sistemas Regionales de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (SRCTI que han contribuido para un “buen u óptimo” desempeño del Sistema como parte del desarrollo socio-económico, productivo, ambiental y tecnológico de regiones extranjeras. El ejercicio mencionado involucró a cinco regiones, ubicadas en Brasil, Chile, Italia, México y España, seleccionadas debido a sus buenas actuaciones sociales, ambientales y económicas, que se han basado en la ciencia, la tecnología y las estrategias de innovación. La identificación de determinados vectores estratégicos apoyará RSTIS Tolima para priorizar estrategias y programas como componentes PECTIT, para ser ejecutado en el corto, mediano y largo plazo.

Weight restrictions on geography variables in the DEA benchmarking model for Norwegian electricity distribution companies

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bjoerndal, Endre; Bjoerndal, Mette; Camanho, Ana

2008-07-01

The DEA model for the distribution networks is designed to take into account the diverse operating conditions of the companies through so-called 'geography' variables. Our analyses show that companies with difficult operating conditions tend to be rewarded with relatively high efficiency scores, and this is the reason for introducing weight restrictions. We discuss the relative price restrictions suggested for geography and high voltage variables by NVE (2008), and we compare these to an alternative approach by which the total (virtual) weight of the geography variables is restricted. The main difference between the two approaches is that the former tends to affect more companies, but to a lesser extent, than the latter. We also discuss how to set the restriction limits. Since the virtual restrictions are at a more aggregated level than the relative ones, it may be easier to establish the limits with this approach. Finally, we discuss implementation issues, and give a short overview of available software. (Author). 18 refs., figs

Análise do comportamento do hemometabolismo cerebral durante endarterectomia carotídea com pinçamento transitório

OpenAIRE

Duval Neto, Gastão Fernandes; Niencheski, Augusto H.

2004-01-01

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A endarterectomia carotídea com pinçamento transitório altera a relação entre o fluxo sangüíneo cerebral e a demanda metabólica cerebral de oxigênio, com conseqüente geração de uma tendência a hipóxia oliguêmica ou desacoplamento hemometabólico. O objetivo do presente estudo foi identificar as alterações do hemometabolismo cerebral, avaliados através das alterações da saturação da oxihemoglobina no bulbo da veia jugular interna (SjO2), durante endarterectomia carotí...

Bootstrap-DEA analysis of BRICS’ energy efficiency based on small sample data

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Song, Ma-Lin; Zhang, Lin-Ling; Liu, Wei; Fisher, Ron

2013-01-01

Highlights: ► The BRICS’ economies have flourished with increasingly energy consumptions. ► The analyses and comparison of energy efficiency are conducted among the BRICS. ► As a whole, there is low energy efficiency but a growing trend of BRICS. ► The BRICS should adopt relevant energy policies based on their own conditions. - Abstract: As a representative of many emerging economies, BRICS’ economies have been greatly developed in recent years. Meanwhile, the proportion of energy consumption of BRICS to the whole world consumption has increased. Therefore, it is significant to analyze and compare the energy efficiency among them. This paper firstly utilizes a Super-SBM model to measure and calculate the energy efficiency of BRICS, then analyzes their present status and development trend. Further, Bootstrap is applied to modify the values based on DEA derived from small sample data, and finally the relationship between energy efficiency and carbon emissions is measured. Results show that energy efficiency of BRICS as a whole is low but has a quickly increasing trend. Also, the relationship between energy efficiency and carbon emissions vary from country to country because of their different energy structures. The governments of BRICS should make some relevant energy policies according to their own conditions

Estimating the efficiency from Brazilian banks: a bootstrapped Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA

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Ana Elisa Périco

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Abstract The Brazilian banking sector went through several changes in its structure over the past few years. Such changes are related to fusions and acquisitions, as well as the largest market opening to foreign banks. The objective of this paper is to analyze, by applying the bootstrap DEA, the efficiency of banks in Brazil in 2010-2013. The methodology was applied to 30 largest banking organizations in a financial intermediation approach. In that model, the resources entering a bank in the form of deposits and total assets are classified as inputs and besides these manual labor is also considered as a resource capable of generating results. For the output variable, credit operations represent the most appropriate alternative, considering the role of the bank as a financial intermediary. In this work, the matter of the best classification among retail banks and banks specialized in credit has little relevance. The low relevance in this type of comparison is a result of analysis by segments (segments were analyzed separately. The results presented here point to an average level of efficiency for the large Brazilian banks in the period. This scenario requires efforts to reduce expenses but also to increase revenues.

Propuesta de un modelo para el análisis de criticidad en plantas de productos biológicos // Procedure the critical model análisis in a production process of biological products plans

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Armando Díaz‐Concepción

2012-01-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se propone un procedimiento para verificar la factibilidad de aplicación de unametodología para realizar el análisis de criticidad y complejidad y así priorizar una atención especial a lagama de activos que intervienen en el proceso productivo de las plantas de bioproductos y mejorar laconfiabilidad de estos activos, acorde a las nuevas tendencias en el mantenimiento. Para ello se defineuna instalación típica, se determinan los indicadores propios de estas plantas a tener en cuenta para elcálculo de criticidad y complejidad. El resultado que se obtiene en el estudio es una lista jerarquizada delos equipos a partir de la comparación, a través de una matriz, entre los criterios que intervienen en elíndice de criticidad y el de complejidad de cada activo, dados los valores de ponderaciones obtenidos,mediante la realización de encuestas a ingenieros y especialistas de vasta experiencia en el tema. Elmodelo fue validado utilizando el método de consulta a especialistas obteniéndose resultadossatisfactorios.Palabras claves: productos biológicos, índice de criticidad, modelos de criticidad, jerarquización de activos,mantenimiento de activos._________________________________________________________________AbstractA procedure to verify the possibility for the implementation of a methodology for the analysis of criticismand complexity is proposed in this paper. It could be possible to give priority to the factors that take placein a production process of biological products plants, according to the new tendency in maintenance. Atypical installation is described and also the factors, of such plants, that have to be considered. All theseresults must be compared by using a matrix, taking into account all the factors that interfere in the criticismand complexity of the installation. That was done by well experience engineers and experts. The modelwas validated using expert methods obtaining satisfactory results.Key words

Efficiency and productivity analysis of the interstate bus transportation industry in Brazil

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Antonio G.N. Novaes

2010-08-01

Full Text Available Productivity analysis is an important policy making and managerial control tool for assessing the degree to which inputs are utilized in the process of obtaining desired outputs. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA is a non-parametric method based on piecewise linear frontiers estimated with the aid of mathematical programming techniques and used, in this paper, to investigate technical, scale and managerial efficiencies associated with interstate bus companies in Brazil (ISBT. Data has been obtained from the web-site of the Brazilian National Agency of Land Transportation (ANTT. Since production factors in the application are constrained by technical and operational reasons, weight restrictions were introduced into the DEA models. The analysis has shown three groups of non-efficient bus firms, with clear differences in productivity. The relative managerial efficiencies of the firms in the non-efficient groups were also computed and analyzed. Finally, an example of benchmarking a non-efficient firm with DEA is presented.A análise de produtividade é ferramenta importante para a tomada de decisão e para a gestão de organizações, possibilitando avaliar os efeitos dos inputs na obtenção de níveis desejados de outputs. A Análise Envoltória de Dados (DEA é um método não paramétrico baseado em fronteiras lineares por partes ajustadas através de programação matemática e utilizada para analisar as eficiências técnica, de escala e de gestão de empresas de ônibus que operam nas ligações interestaduais no Brasil (ISBT. Os dados foram obtidos no web-site da Agência Nacional de Transportes Terrestres (ANTT. Como os fatores de produção são restritos por razões técnicas e operacionais, restrições de pesos foram introduzidas nos modelos. A análise mostrou três grupos de empresas não eficientes, com claras diferenças de produtividade. Também são calculadas as eficiências de gestão relativas a esses três grupos. Finalmente �

Gibberellic acid and water regime in the flowering induction of Brassocattleya and Cattleya hybrid orchids Ácido giberélico e regime hídrico na indução do florescimento de orquídeas Brassocattleya e Cattleya híbridas

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Jean C Cardoso

2010-12-01

Full Text Available The influence of gibberellic acid (GA3 and water regime was evaluated in the flowering induction and quality of two orchid hybrids belonging to the genera Cattleya (C. and Brassocattleya (Bc.. The experiment was carried out in the Biotechnology and Orchid Culture Sector of Shunji Nishimura Technology Foundation, Pompéia, São Paulo State, Brazil. Five GA3 concentrations (0, 125, 250, 500 and 1,000 mg L-1 were tested through four consecutive leaf applications in adult plants that had already flowered at least once, besides two water conditions (one and four irrigations per week. Applications were performed in October and November for Bc. Marcella Koss and in January and February for C. Irene Holguin. Flowering could not be induced in the latter by gibberellic acid. In Bc. Marcella Koss, the application of 250 mg L-1 GA3 combined with decreased irrigation frequency induced flowering in around 83% plants. By using the same GA3 concentration but frequent irrigation, only 17% plants were induced to flower. The number and size of flowers increased after application of higher GA3 concentrations. This work allowed developing a commercial technique with the use of gibberellic acid (GA3 to induce flowering in Bc. Marcella Koss hybrid orchid.No presente trabalho foi avaliada a influência do ácido giberélico e do regime hídrico na indução e qualidade do florescimento de duas orquídeas híbridas dos gêneros Cattleya (C. e Brassocattleya (Bc.. O experimento foi realizado no Setor de Biotecnologia e Orquidicultura da Fundação Shunji Nishimura de Tecnologia, Pompéia-SP. Foram testadas cinco concentrações de GA3 (0, 125, 250, 500 e 1.000 mg L-1 em quatro aplicações consecutivas via pulverização foliar, em plantas adultas que já haviam florescido ao menos uma vez, além de duas condições hídricas (uma e quatro irrigações por semana. As aplicações foram feitas nos meses de outubro e novembro para Bc. Marcella Koss e janeiro e fevereiro

Análise do comportamento do hemometabolismo cerebral durante endarterectomia carotídea com pinçamento transitório Análisis del comportamiento del hemometabolismo cerebral durante endarterectomia carotídea con pinzamiento transitorio Analysis of brain hemometabolism behavior during carotid endarterectomy with temporary clamping

OpenAIRE

Gastão Fernandes Duval Neto; Augusto H. Niencheski

2004-01-01

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A endarterectomia carotídea com pinçamento transitório altera a relação entre o fluxo sangüíneo cerebral e a demanda metabólica cerebral de oxigênio, com conseqüente geração de uma tendência a hipóxia oliguêmica ou desacoplamento hemometabólico. O objetivo do presente estudo foi identificar as alterações do hemometabolismo cerebral, avaliados através das alterações da saturação da oxihemoglobina no bulbo da veia jugular interna (SjO2), durante endarterectomia carotí...

Proposta de método de priorização de processos a serem monitorados no controle estatístico de processo: uma aplicação em trocador de calor

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Eduardo Freitas da Silveira

2011-03-01

Full Text Available As empresas visam se solidificar no mercado, para tanto é primordial aumentar a qualidade de seus produtos e serviços. A implementação do controle estatístico do processo tem sido utilizada para atingir este objetivo, porém para obter eficiência é necessário priorizar os processos a serem monitorados. A fim de determinar quais as características do processo devem ser monitoradas buscou-se suporte na função de desdobramento da qualidade, de onde se obtém índices para determinar a prioridade de ação. Após aplicou-se estes índices na Janela de Johari que indicou quais a características fáceis de implementar e que são de alta prioridade. Para elucidar este procedimento foi realizada uma aplicação na fabricação de trocador de calor, de onde se observaram características tais como: comprimento da bengala, acabamento da brasagem, altura do pescoço, que devem ser priorizadas no monitoramento do controle estatístico do processo.

Gorduras em laticínios, ovos, margarinas e óleos: implicações para a aterosclerose Grasas en lácteos, huevos, margarinas y aceites: implicaciones para la aterosclerosis Fat content of dairy products, eggs, margarines and oils: implications for atherosclerosis

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Carlos Scherr

2010-07-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: Para o aconselhamento adequado de um planejamento alimentar, com vistas à prevenção da cardiopatia isquêmica, é necessário o conhecimento da composição química dos alimentos. ObJETIVO: Analisar a composição de gorduras, ácidos graxos e colesterol de alguns exemplos nacionais de óleos comestíveis, manteigas, margarinas, laticínios e ovos, utilizando os limites de uma dieta para prevenção de doença arterial coronariana. MÉTODOS: Foi analisada a composição de óleos comestíveis, manteigas, margarinas, laticínios e ovos. Os resultados foram empregados de acordo com o recomendado pela American Heart Association para uma dieta de 1.800 calorias. RESULTADOS: Na comparação entre os óleos comestíveis, o de canola apresentou-se como o melhor. Já entre os leites, o desnatado é o mais recomendável, porém não há vantagens em relação ao semidesnatado. No caso do ovo, não existiram diferenças nos tipos encontrados no mercado. Em relação aos queijos, o tipo minas é o que apresentou o menor conteúdo de colesterol e gordura saturada. Na comparação margarina com manteiga, a primeira levou vantagem quando os níveis de gorduras trans que não ultrapassam o recomendado. CONCLUSÃO: A composição de alimentos usados no Brasil indica que dietas com objetivo de prevenção primária e secundária da cardiopatia isquêmica podem priorizar o uso de leite semidesnatado, óleo de girassol, margarinas com baixo teor de gorduras trans e queijo do tipo minas.FUNDAMENTO: Para aconsejar adecuadamente sobre una planificación alimentaria, con vistas a la prevención de la cardiopatía isquémica, es necesario el conocimiento de la composición química de los alimentos. OBJETIVO: Analizar la composición de grasas, ácidos grasos y colesterol de algunos ejemplos nacionales de aceite comestible, mantecas, margarina, lácteos y huevos, utilizando los límites de una dieta para prevención de enfermedad arterial coronaria. M�

Desenvolvimento de métodos rápidos para determinação de Codeína, Diclofenaco e seus contra-íons por eletroforese capilar com detecção condutométrica sem contato (CE-C4D)

OpenAIRE

Cunha, Rafael Rodrigues

2013-01-01

Neste trabalho são apresentados novos procedimentos analíticos para determinação rápida (t < 1 min) de codeína (COD), diclofenaco (DCF) e seus contraíons sódio (Na), potássio (K), dietilamônio (DEA) e fosfato via eletroforese capilar com detecção condutométrica sem contato acoplada capacitivamente (CE-C4D). Os métodos propostos podem ser usados no controle de qualidade de matérias primas e de formulações farmacêuticas que possuam tais compostos em sua composição. Dois método...

Experiment and model for the viscosities of MEA-PEG400, DEA-PEG400 and MDEA-PEG400 aqueous solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fu, Dong; Zhang, Pan; Du, LeiXia; Dai, Jing

2014-01-01

Highlights: • The viscosities of the amine-PEG400 aqueous solutions were measured. • The experiments were modeled satisfactorily by using the Weiland equation. • The effect of mass fractions of amine and PEG400 on the viscosity was illustrated. • The temperature dependence of the viscosity was demonstrated. - Abstract: The viscosities (η) of poly(ethylene oxide)400 (PEG400), monoethanolamine (MEA)-PEG400, diethanolamine (DEA)-PEG400 and N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA)-PEG400 aqueous solutions were measured by using the NDJ-5S digital rotational viscometer. A thermodynamic equation was used to model the viscosities and the calculated results are satisfactory. The effects of temperature, mass fractions of amines and PEG400 on the viscosities were demonstrated on the basis of experiments and calculations

MEDICIÓN DE LA EFICIENCIA EN TÉRMINOS DE LIDERAZGO PARA ESTUDIANTES DE MAESTRÍA Y DIRIGENTES ORGANIZACIONALES

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Carlos Mauricio Zuluaga Ramírez

2010-01-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo expone los resultados de un proceso investigativo que involucró teorías de liderazgo, técnicas estadísticas multivariadas e investigación de operaciones para generar una propuesta de modelo matemático que permitiera evaluar y calificar la dimensión liderazgo en estudiantes de Maestría en Administración del Desarrollo Humano y Organizacional de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira y en dirigentes organizacionales del Área Metropolitana Centro Occidente - AMCO, conformada por los municipios de Pereira, Dosquebradas y La Virginia pertenecientes al departamento de Risaralda-Colombia. La metodología utilizada para esta investigación se basó en el uso de técnicas estadísticas que permitieron analizar y determinar relaciones entre las variables más representativas del liderazgo en el AMCO; posteriormente se definió un modelo matemático de eficiencia con la técnica de Análisis Envolvente de Datos DEA. Con lo anterior, se pudo generar un instrumento para medir el nivel relativo de eficiencia de los dirigentes de la región y los estudiantes de maestría, esto posibilitó tener un diagnóstico de cómo se encontraban las personas estudiadas en relación con las variables analizadas y así determinar cuáles de ellas debían ser potenciadas con el fin de mejorar la dimensión liderazgo. Este proyecto no solamente apunta a mejorar la eficiencia de los líderes, sino que también busca ser un referente para generar propuestas de capacitación y mejoramiento destinadas a potenciar el desempeño mediante el desarrollo de capacidades que se están sub-utilizando.

Territórios de distribuição da artéria coroídea anterior em hemisférios cerebrais humanos de brancos e negros

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José Furlani

1970-03-01

Full Text Available Foi estudada a distribuição da a. coroídea anterior em 10 hemisférios cerebrais humanos de brancos e negros. Todas as peças foram injetadas a fresco, com massa corada e fixadas em formol. Nelas, a a. coroídea anterior foi dissecada desde a sua origem até a sua incorporação ao plexo coróide do corno inferior do ventrículo lateral. Em seguida à dissecção, as peças foram cortadas em fatias horizontais, de aproximadamente 0,5 cm de espessura. Constatou-se que a a. coroídea anterior se origina da a. carótida interna, e que ela não apresenta diferenças étnicas e sexuais, estatisticamente significantes, no que diz respeito ao seu território de distribuição. Este compreende, segundo nossas observações, as seguintes estruturas: úncus, hipocampo, tracto óptico, plexo coróide do corno inferior do ventrículo lateral e braço posterior da cápsula interna (100%; cauda do núcleo caudado (99% ± 0,99; 3/5 intermédios da porção cranial da base do pedúnculo cerebral, corpo amigdalóide e zona incerta (98% ± 1,40; 1/5 lateral da porção cranial da base do pedúnculo cerebral (92% ± 2,71; porção anterior do corpo geniculado lateral (89% ± 3,13; segmento medial do globo pálido (88% ± 3,25; núcleo subtalâmico (39% ± 4,88; grupamento nuclear lateral do tálamo (26% ± 4,39; segmento lateral do globo pálido (17% ± 3,76; grupamento nuclear posterior do tálamo (13% ± 3,36; porção posterior do putamen (9% ± 2,86; 1/5 medial da porção cranial da base do pedúnculo cerebral (7% ± 2,55 e substância negra (3% ± 1,71.

Relative efficiency of hydrogen technologies for the hydrogen economy : a fuzzy AHP/DEA hybrid model approach

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, S.

2009-01-01

As a provider of national energy security, the Korean Institute of Energy Research is seeking to establish a long term strategic technology roadmap for a hydrogen-based economy. This paper addressed 5 criteria regarding the strategy, notably economic impact, commercial potential, inner capacity, technical spinoff, and development cost. The fuzzy AHP and DEA hybrid model were used in a two-stage multi-criteria decision making approach to evaluate the relative efficiency of hydrogen technologies for the hydrogen economy. The fuzzy analytic hierarchy process reflects the uncertainty of human thoughts with interval values instead of clear-cut numbers. It therefore allocates the relative importance of 4 criteria, notably economic impact, commercial potential, inner capacity and technical spin-off. The relative efficiency of hydrogen technologies for the hydrogen economy can be measured via data envelopment analysis. It was concluded that the scientific decision making approach can be used effectively to allocate research and development resources and activities

Relative efficiency of hydrogen technologies for the hydrogen economy : a fuzzy AHP/DEA hybrid model approach

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lee, S. [Korea Inst. of Energy Research, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of). Energy Policy Research Division; Mogi, G. [Tokyo Univ., (Japan). Dept. of Technology Management for Innovation, Graduate School of Engineering; Kim, J. [Korea Inst. of Energy Research, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)

2009-07-01

As a provider of national energy security, the Korean Institute of Energy Research is seeking to establish a long term strategic technology roadmap for a hydrogen-based economy. This paper addressed 5 criteria regarding the strategy, notably economic impact, commercial potential, inner capacity, technical spinoff, and development cost. The fuzzy AHP and DEA hybrid model were used in a two-stage multi-criteria decision making approach to evaluate the relative efficiency of hydrogen technologies for the hydrogen economy. The fuzzy analytic hierarchy process reflects the uncertainty of human thoughts with interval values instead of clear-cut numbers. It therefore allocates the relative importance of 4 criteria, notably economic impact, commercial potential, inner capacity and technical spin-off. The relative efficiency of hydrogen technologies for the hydrogen economy can be measured via data envelopment analysis. It was concluded that the scientific decision making approach can be used effectively to allocate research and development resources and activities.

An empirical study to measure the relative efficiency and strategic planning using BSC-DEA and DEMATEL

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Mohammad Hemati

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Performance evaluation is one of manager's main concerns in today competitive world, which covers all aspects and dimensions of organization and it is adequately flexible and measurable. So, the necessity of performance evaluation application for organizations where their intangible assets are higher than tangible ones, such as educational institutions, is more obviously observed. Balanced scorecard (BSC is discussed by the aim of promoting manager's decision making and directing their attention toward extensive operational vision of organization compared to traditional measurement systems, which only include the financial measures. However, BSC is a qualitative approach and has some disadvantages and its integration by other quantitative techniques such as data envelopment analysis makes it more efficient. The proposed model of this paper uses DEMATEL technique as part of BSC-DEA model to empower strategic planning. The proposed model of this paper is applied for 10 zone university branches of Islamic Azad universities to provide an appropriate road map.

Análise da eficiência técnica de talhões de café irrigados e não-irrigados em Minas Gerais: 2004-2006

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Vladimir Faria dos Santos

2009-09-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho teve como objetivo mensurar a eficiência técnica de 228 talhões de café das regiões do Cerrado e Sul de Minas Gerais e identificar seus principais determinantes, considerando-se lavouras irrigadas e não-irrigadas. Para mensurar a eficiência, utilizou-se a Análise Envoltória de Dados (DEA e, para investigar seus determinantes, empregou-se um modelo Tobit. Os resultados obtidos mostram que a maioria das lavouras cafeeiras da amostra analisada apresenta ineficiência técnica, com destaque para as não-irrigadas.The objective of this study was to measure the technical efficiency of 228 plots of coffee from the regions of the Brazilian Savannas (Cerrado and South of Minas Gerais and to identify the determining factors of that efficiency, considering irrigated and non-irrigated crops. The analyses were carried out using both Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA and an econometric Tobit model. The results show that most of the coffee crops present technical inefficiency and among the most inefficient are the non-irrigated crops.

Aclimatização de orquídea (Cymbidium sp. em resposta à aplicação de ácidos húmicos

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Lílian Estrela Borges Baldotto

2014-05-01

Full Text Available A aclimatização de mudas de orquídeas propagadas in vitro é um processo lento e que pode ser beneficiado com o uso de bioestimulantes, como, por exemplo, as substâncias húmicas. O presente trabalho objetivou estudar o crescimento de Cymbidium sp. em resposta à aplicação de ácidos húmicos extraídos de compostos orgânicos de cama de frango (AHcf e de esterco bovino (AHeb durante o período de aclimatização. As plantas micropropagadas foram imersas nas soluções de 0, 10, 20, 30 e 40mmol L-1 de C na forma de AHcf e de AHeb e aclimatizadas em viveiro. Aos 150 dias, as plantas foram coletadas para medição das variáveis: número de folhas, altura da planta, diâmetro do caule, matéria fresca da raiz e da parte aérea, matéria seca da raiz, da parte aérea e total, relação entre raiz:parte aérea. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância, contraste e análise de regressão. Os resultados mostraram incrementos no acúmulo de matéria seca total das plantas com a aplicação da concentração de 18,75mmol L-1 de C de AHcf e de 3,77mmol L-1 de C de AHeb, com incrementos em relação ao controle de 21 e 28%, respectivamente. Conclui-se que o uso dos ácidos húmicos nas doses indicadas acelera o crescimento das mudas propagadas in vitro de Cymbidium sp., favorecendo a diminuição do período necessário de aclimatização.

Efficiency Evaluation of Portuguese Hotels in the Algarve using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA

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Ricardo Samuel Lisboa Pereira Oliveira

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Objective – To analyse the efficiency levels of company owners of four and five-star hotels in the Algarve in Portugal for the years 2005 to 2007. Variables with quantitative and monetary units were used corresponding to two different models applied. An analysis to the slacks and peers of companies was also performed. Design/methodology/approach – Using data envelopment analysis (DEA methodology to evaluate the efficiency of 28 hotels in the Portuguese Algarve. Findings - Tourism has an importance universally recognized. This sector has an high economic, social, cultural and environmental impact level. Global destinations and greater competitiveness have turned efficiency into a major issue in the hotel industry nowadays. In Portugal, the Algarve is the region with more tourism (70%, and it is also the area that attracts more foreign demand. The application of frontier techniques to the hotel sector is still scarce in Portugal but innovating. Practical implications – The results suggest that the model, which adopted inputs with monetary units, has higher levels of efficiency. High levels of inefficiency were found and the hotel best practices were identified. It was concluded that the efficiency differences of the results are related to the managerial practices, the use of weak infrastructure (low season, the seasonality and the institutional and contextual environment.

Aplicação do modelo DEA para avaliação do desempenho dos custos logísticos em empresas brasileiras de confecções.

OpenAIRE

Santos, Lucas Maia dos; Reis, Luciana Paula; Ferreira, Marco Aurélio Marques; Dutra, Daniel Resende

2012-01-01

O setor de confecção passou por reestruturações cujos benefícios se traduzem na redução do tempo no processo de produção e no desperdício de tecidos, além de flexibilidade para a alteração de modelos de confecções. Esse setor abriga um campo interessante de estudos para compreender o desempenho de alguns aspectos logísticos deste setor. A compreensão da logística integrada permite tomar decisões referentes ao processo de compras dos produtos e serviços. Dessa maneira, o presente artigo busca ...

Robust DEA under discrete uncertain data: a case study of Iranian electricity distribution companies

Science.gov (United States)

Hafezalkotob, Ashkan; Haji-Sami, Elham; Omrani, Hashem

2015-06-01

Crisp input and output data are fundamentally indispensable in traditional data envelopment analysis (DEA). However, the real-world problems often deal with imprecise or ambiguous data. In this paper, we propose a novel robust data envelopment model (RDEA) to investigate the efficiencies of decision-making units (DMU) when there are discrete uncertain input and output data. The method is based upon the discrete robust optimization approaches proposed by Mulvey et al. (1995) that utilizes probable scenarios to capture the effect of ambiguous data in the case study. Our primary concern in this research is evaluating electricity distribution companies under uncertainty about input/output data. To illustrate the ability of proposed model, a numerical example of 38 Iranian electricity distribution companies is investigated. There are a large amount ambiguous data about these companies. Some electricity distribution companies may not report clear and real statistics to the government. Thus, it is needed to utilize a prominent approach to deal with this uncertainty. The results reveal that the RDEA model is suitable and reliable for target setting based on decision makers (DM's) preferences when there are uncertain input/output data.

Data envelopment analysis and Pareto genetic algorithm applied to robust design in multiresponse systems

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Enrique Carlos Canessa-Terrazas

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Se presenta el uso de Análisis Envolvente de Datos (AED para priorizar y seleccionar soluciones encontradas por un Algoritmo Genético de Pareto (AGP a problemas de diseño robusto en sistemas multirespuesta con muchos factores de control y ruido. El análisis de eficiencia de las soluciones con AED muestra que el AGP encuentra una buena aproximación a la frontera eficiente. Además, se usa AED para determinar la combinación del nivel de ajuste de media y variación de las respuestas del sistema, y con la finalidad de minimizar el costo económico de alcanzar dichos objetivos. Al unir ese costo con otras consideraciones técnicas y/o económicas, la solución que mejor se ajuste con un nivel predeterminado de calidad puede ser seleccionada más apropiadamente.

Strategic Alliance Decision-Making for the Auto Industry Base on an Integrate DEA and GM(1,1 Approach

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Nan Wang

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Strategic alliance promotes enterprise resources sharing and enhances the competitiveness of the marketplace. Therefore, finding a mutually beneficial partner to make a strategic alliance is an important issue for various industries. The aim of this paper is to propose a suitable method based on Grey theory and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA. A method predicts future business and measure operation efficiency, by the use of critical input and output variables. From this, firms can find out their appropriate candidates. This research was implemented with realistic public data from four consecutive financial years (2009-2012 of twenty Auto Manufactures. The study tries to help target firm find the right alliance partners. The results show the most priori candidates in recent years. The study will be of interest for managers of Auto Manufacture in utilizing alliance strategy.

Alternativa Pedagógica dirigida a la integración de las habilidades para el juego de Baloncesto en los alumnos de 6to. grado de la Escuela Titán de Bronce del municipio de Guane

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Bárbara Aleida Lam Peralta

2009-03-01

Full Text Available La investigación realizada se mueve en el campo de las habilidades para el juego de Baloncesto, y tiene como objetivo elaborar una alternativa pedagógica dirigida a la integración de las habilidades para el juego de  Baloncesto en los alumnos de 6to. grado de la escuela Titán de Bronce, del municipio Guane. Para este trabajo además de los alumnos de 6to grado que constituyeron la población del mismo, nos auxiliamos de  un grupo muestral constituido por profesores y metodólogos que nos brindaron datos precisos y valiosos para obtener los resultados que nos propusimos una vez elaborado el problema de la investigación. Se utilizaron varios instrumentos tales como: entrevistas, encuestas y observación a las clases de Educación Física, y nos apoyamos en los métodos empíricos, teóricos y complementarios, para de esa manera organizar    y llevar a cabo satisfactoriamente a  propuesta pedagógica encaminada a facilitar la enseñanza del deporte de Baloncesto, y por ende que los niños se sientan más motivados y con deseos de aprender jugando. En los programas de Educación Física de la enseñanza primaria se tiende a priorizar la habilidad aislada, para posteriormente integrarlas en un juego, pero  teniendo  en  cuenta  que en  cada  período  se  trabaja  con  deportes diferentes, no es mucho el tiempo disponible para que el alumno aprenda a jugar de acuerdo a lo dispuesto en las  orientaciones metodológicas, por lo que con esta alternativa pedagógica que fue aplicada se obtuvieron los resultados esperados desde un principio, o sea, comenzar a jugar desde la primera clase e ir trabajando con las habilidades técnicas en la marcha de los propios juegos, y lo mas importante de la alternativa es que después de aplicada la propuesta de actividades un gran por ciento de los niños fueron capaces de integrar cada una de las habilidades del Baloncesto.

Anestesia raquídea versus anestesia intrarticular en cirugía artroscópica de rodilla. [Spinal anesthesia versus intra-articular anesthesia in arthroscopic surgery of the knee.

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Lucas Daniel Marangoni

2016-11-01

  Discusión Conclusión: Las  ventajas encontradas a favor de la anestesia intraarticular fueron: Estadías hospitalarias acortadas, se evitaron efectos indeseables de la anestesia raquídea: bloqueo motor, nauseas, vómitos, hipotensión, pérdida transitoria de esfínter urinario y retención urinaria (globo vesical. Disminución de los costos y mayor aceptación de los pacientes.

Variación de la comunidad de abejas de las orquídeas (Hymenoptera: Apidae en tres ambientes perturbados del piedemonte llanero colombiano

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Alejandro Parra-H

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Las abejas de las orquídeas subsisten en vastas áreas de bosque tropicales gracias a que mantienen estrechas relaciones con tipos de vegetación particular en diversos micro-hábitats. Con base en este tipo de relaciones con el medio y características biológicas como preferencia por ciertos tipos de néctares y de polen, y diversidad morfológica y etológica de la tribu, es posible evaluar la calidad de un hábitat según la distribución de euglosinos. Este trabajo propone el uso de esta información, además de índices de diversidad para la evaluación de la calidad del medio. Entre marzo y diciembre de 2003 muestreamos tres tipos de paisaje (Urbano, Rural y Conservado en el piedemonte llanero colombiano, usando redes entomológicas y sustancias aromáticas (Cineol y Metil Salicilato. Para las 15 localidades muestreadas se registraron 17 de las 26 especies conocidas para el área. Eulaema nigrita fue la más frecuente mientras que Euglossa magnipes, E. cybelia, E. heterosticta, E. singularis, Eulaema bombiformis, E. speciosa y Exaerete frontalis correspondieron a ambientes considerados de aceptable a buena calidad. La composición y cercanía de fragmentos de bosque son factores favorables. La diversidad relativa (máxima variación de formas y tamaños dentro de la tribu, sería proporcional a la calidad del medio.Variation of the orchid bees community (Hymenoptera: Apidae in three altered habitats of the Colombian "llano" piedmont. Orchid bees subsist in vast tropical forest areas because they maintain close relationships with particular plant species in diverse micro-habitats. Based on the relationships among the environment and biological features (food preference, morphologic and ethologic diversity, it is possible to determine habitat quality using the euglossine array. This work proposes the use of this ecological information, in addition to diversity indices, for the evaluation of environmental quality. Fifteen localities in

Core y sistema de control neuro-motor: mecanismos básicos para la estabilidad del raquis lumbar

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Víctor SEGARRA

2014-09-01

Full Text Available El "CORE" es un concepto funcional que engloba la integración de tres sistemas cuyo óptimo funcionamiento garantiza la realización de tareas con una mayor eficacia y seguridad a nivel raquídeo, permitiendo adecuados niveles de estabilidad y control del movimiento. En este sentido, a fin de afrontar con éxito retos que demanden un control dinámico de la columna y la pelvis, el SNC debe aplicar estrategias diferentes, sopesando as fuerzas internas y externas con el fin de proporcionar una respuesta muscular que permita un movimiento óptimo y resista cualquier posible perturbación. En el presente manuscrito se revisa de forma aplicada, las bases, atendiendo a la información disponible actualmente, de los mecanismos básicos de control motor y las posibles alteraciones en los mismos a ser considerados por los especialistas en ejercicio respecto a su intervención mediante programas de ejercicio para la mejora de la capacidad de estabilización raquídea.

Adesão da equipe de enfermagem à higienização das mãos: fatores motivacionais

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Annecy Tojeiro Giordani

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Estudio descriptivo, cuyos objetivos fueron verificar factores motivacionales a la adhesión a la higiene de las manos por equipo de enfermería en hospital público de Londrina, PR, Brasil, en 2012, y proponer estrategias para su mejoría. Participaron 135 profesionales de enfermería, que fornecieron informaciones sobre identificación profesional, educación permanente y realización de la higiene de las manos. La motivación para adhesión a la higiene de las manos estuvo vinculada a la satisfacción en la vida personal, 45 (33,3%; y en el trabajo, 58 (42,9%; y autonomía en la realización de la atención de enfermería, 76 (56,3%. Los factores motivacionales que fueron: desarrollo/crecimiento profesional, interés por el trabajo, flexibilidad para priorizar las acciones de cuidado, autonomía y participación en las decisiones. Estos deben ser considerados en el planeamiento de la educación permanente para mejoría de la adhesión a la higiene de las manos, así como la calidad de la asistencia prestada.

Evaluación de la eficiencia de las compañías aéreas brasileñas a través de un modelo híbrido de análisis envolvente de datos (DEA y programación lineal multiobjetivo Brazilian airlines efficiency evaluation using a data envelopment analysis (DEA and multiobjective linear programming hybrid model

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Juliana Quintanilha da Silveira

2012-12-01

Full Text Available El aumento creciente de la competitividad del sector de transporte aéreo en los últimos años provocó un cambio en la dinámica del mercado, lo que ha llevado a las compañías aéreas a buscar nuevas estrategias para garantizar sus posiciones en el mercado. Este artículo tiene por objetivo hacer un análisis del desempeño de las compañías aéreas brasileñas, con relación a su gestión operacional después de la consolidación de los cambios resultantes de la liberalización del sector en el año 2005. La eficiencia de las empresas aéreas se calcula a través de la comparación de los resultados obtenidos con el modelo del Análisis Envolvente de Datos (DEA clásico con los índices de eficiencia calculados con base en el modelo multiobjetivo MCDEA-BCC, desarrollado para este estudio a partir del modelo MCDEA de Li e Reeves. Además este trabajo incluye la segmentación de las empresas en agrupamientos y la identificación de benchmarks, en la que se indican las compañías con las mejores prácticas gerenciales del sector aéreo.The increase of the air transportation sector competition in recent years has changed this market dynamics, leading airlines to seek new strategies to ensure their position. This article aims to analyze the performance of Brazilian air carriers regarding their operational management, after the consolidation of the changes arising from the deregulation of the sector, in the year 2005. The analysis of the companies' efficiency in the year 2005 is done by comparing the results obtained with Data Envelopment Analysis model and with efficiency index based on the multiobjective model MCDEA-BCC, developed in this study from the Li and Reeves' MCDEA model. This project included a segmentation of the companies in clusters and benchmark, indicating the best managerial practices in the air sector.

Eficiencia en el uso de bases de datos digitales para la producción científica en universidades de Colombia

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Cortés-Sánchez, Julián David

2016-06-01

Full Text Available This paper presents an assessment of efficiency in the use of digital databases (DD for scientific production in Colombian accredited universities in 2013. The methodology used was the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA. The number of DD and the number of tenured professors were used as input. The number of scientific publications indexed in Scopus was used as output. The results show an inefficient use of inputs to produce scientific publications at most of the universities analyzed. The policy recommendations are: the joint purchase of DD, the use of open access resources, and to adjust policies of incentives for research by international trends.Este trabajo presenta una evaluación de eficiencia en el uso de bases de datos digitales (BD para la producción científica en las universidades colombianas acreditadas en el año 2013. Se empleó como metodología el Análisis Envolvente de Datos (AED. Se emplearon como inputs el número de BD y el número de profesores de tiempo completo (PTC. Como outputs se empleó el número de documentos indexados en Scopus. Los resultados indican ineficiencia en el uso de inputs para la producción de documentos en la mayoría de las universidades analizadas. Como recomendaciones de política, se sugiere la compra conjunta de BD, el uso de recursos de libre acceso, y ajustar las políticas de incentivos para la investigación según tendencias internacionales.

Significância de efeitos técnicos na eficiência de produção da pesquisa agropecuária

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Geraldo da Silva e Souza

2006-03-01

Full Text Available Neste artigo utilizam-se modelos estatísticos censurados e truncados na avaliação de efeitos técnicos que potencialmente afetam a fronteira de produção dos centros de pesquisa da Embrapa (Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária. Especificamente estuda-se a significância dos fatores nível da geração fundos para pesquisa externamente ao Tesouro Nacional, ações de parceria, qualidade técnica dos projetos de pesquisa, satisfação dos clientes, mudança administrativa, tipo e tamanho, na eficiência técnica de produção dos centros de pesquisa. As medidas de eficiência técnica são calculadas com base na Análise de Envelopamento de Dados (DEA e na Análise de Fronteiras Estocásticas de Produção. Conclui-se que as medidas de eficiência DEA são mais informativas para a avaliação dos efeitos técnicos e que a geração de renda, as ações de parceria, a qualidade técnica dos projetos e o tamanho são fatores significantes. A análise estatística que conduz a esses resultados ajusta, às medidas de eficiência DEA, um modelo do tipo Tobit definido por uma distribuição na família gama. A análise Tobit é consistente com o ajuste de uma distribuição normal truncada aos resíduos obtidos de uma função de produção DEA.This article uses censored and truncated statistical models to assess technical effects potentially affecting the production frontier of Embrapa's (Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária research centers. Specifically the article assesses the significance of the factors level of research funds generated externally to the National Treasury, actions of partnership, technical quality of research projects, client satisfaction, change in administration, type and size on the measurement of technical efficiency of the research centers. Efficiency measures are computed both using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA and Stochastic Frontier methods. It is concluded that the DEA efficiency measurements provide

The Technological Input-output Efficiency of High-technology Enterprises in China Based on the DEA method

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Lu Jing

2017-01-01

Full Text Available High-technology enterprises play the leader role in the regional economic progress, but nowadays technological resources have many problems such as division, separation and dispersing. It’s an urgent problem to be solved that how to evaluate input-output productivity of technological resources towards industries and regions scientifically and efficiently. Firstly the article analyzes the input-output efficiency status of technological resources at home and abroad. Then high-technology enterprises in 29 provinces, as the subject of evaluation, are analyzed for their operation efficiency by DEA. The article states the suggestions like balanced development among regions and reasonable structure of input and output by comparing the differences among regions. And the article estimates the technological resources configuration efficiency of 5 leader industries and explains the developmental characteristics and direction among industries. And on these bases the article conducts hypothesis testing for inner elements which might have an influence on the operational efficiency by Tobit model. Finally, the paper proposes many suggestions to the benefits of promoting the productivity of high-technology enterprise according to the comprehensive analysis.

A simulation-based Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA model to evaluate wind plants locations

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Hossein Sameie

2015-04-01

Full Text Available As the world is getting overpopulated and over polluted the human being is seeking to utilize new sources of energy that are cleaner, cheaper, and more accessible. Wind is one of these clean energy sources that is accessible everywhere on the planet earth. This source of energy cannot be stored for later use; therefore, environmental circumstances and geographical location of wind plants are crucial matters. This study proposes a model to decide on the optimum location for a wind farm among the demand area. To tackle the uncertainty related to the geographical position of the nominated location such as wind speed; altitude; mean temperature; and humidity; a simulation method is applied on the problem. Other factors such as the time that a plant is out of service and demand fluctuations also have been considered in the simulation phase. Moreover, a probability distribution function is calculated for the turbine power. Then Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA performs the selection between all the nominated locations for wind farm. The proposed model takes into account several important elements of the problems. Elements such as land cost; average power received from the wind blowing; demand point population etc. are considered at the same time to select the optimum location of wind plants. Finally, the model is applied on a real case in order to demonstrate its reliability and applicability.

Stepwise data envelopment analysis (DEA); choosing variables for measuring technical efficiency in Norwegian electricity distribution

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kittelsen, S.A.C.

1993-04-01

Electric power distribution is an activity that in principle delivers a separate product to each customer. A specification of products for a utility as a whole leads potentially to a large number of product aspects including topographic and climatic conditions, and the level of disaggregation of factors and products may give the production and cost functions a high dimensionality. Some aggregation is therefore necessary. Non-parametric methods like Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) have the advantage that they may give meaningful results when parametric methods would not have enough degrees of freedom, but will have related problems if the variables are collinear or are irrelevant. Although aggregate efficiency measures will not be much affected, rates of transformation will be corrupted and observations with extreme values may be measured as efficient by default. Little work has been done so far on the statistical properties of the non-parametric efficiency measure. This paper utilizes a suggestion by Rajiv Banker to measure the significance of the change in results when disaggregating or introducing an extra variable, and shows how one can let the data participate in deciding which variables should be included in the analysis. 32 refs., 7 figs., 4 tabs

Los geriátricos, de la institucionalización al extrañamiento

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Maria Pia Barenys

2013-10-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se valida la hipótesis de que las residencias geriátricas son centros totalizadores, es decir que cumplen las características que Erving Goffman describió, en su día, para este tipo de centros: recogen en su seno la vida de los internos y, al mismo tiempo, los expulsan de la sociedad. La vida cotidiana se ha dividido en varias etapas: el ingreso, la adaptación o integración, el proceso de mortificación, la vida diaria, el control social, las relaciones sociales, las estrategias de adaptación secundarias, la aculturación o subcultura propia, la institucionalización y la totalización. Apartados que se exponen, en una segunda parte del artículo, para poder cotejar y validar, de nuevo, la hipótesis de la totalización con protocolos de actuación. Para ello se aportan documentos de reciente factura (2012-2013 que dan las claves para que la vida cotidiana en estos centros no sea degradante. Es decir, se aportan alternativas o consejos para “humanizar” y priorizar a los individuos, internos y trabajadores, que lejos de desaparecer, aumentan.

Analysis of regional total factor energy efficiency in China under environmental constraints: based on undesirable-minds and DEA window model

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Zhang, Shuying; Li, Deshan; Li, Shuangqiang; Jiang, Hanyu; Shen, Yuqing

2017-06-01

With China’s entrance into the new economy, the improvement of energy efficiency has become an important indicator to measure the quality of ecological civilization construction and economic development. According to the panel data of Chinese regions in 1996-2014, the nearest distance to the efficient frontier of Undesirable-MinDS Xeon model and DEA window model have been used to calculate the total factor energy efficiency of China’s regions. Study found that: Under environmental constraints, China’s total factor energy efficiency has increased after the first drop in the overall 1996-2014, and then increases again. And the difference between the regions is very large, showing a characteristic of “the east is the highest, the west is lower, and lowest is in the central” finally, this paper puts forward relevant policy suggestions.

How efficient are Greek hospitals? A case study using a double bootstrap DEA approach.

Science.gov (United States)

Kounetas, Kostas; Papathanassopoulos, Fotis

2013-12-01

The purpose of this study was to measure Greek hospital performance using different input-output combinations, and to identify the factors that influence their efficiency thus providing policy makers with valuable input for the decision-making process. Using a unique dataset, we estimated the productive efficiency of each hospital through a bootstrapped data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach. In a second stage, we explored, using a bootstrapped truncated regression, the impact of environmental factors on hospitals' technical and scale efficiency. Our results reveal that over 80% of the examined hospitals appear to have a technical efficiency lower than 0.8, while the majority appear to be scale efficient. Moreover, efficiency performance differed with inclusion of medical examinations as an additional variable. On the other hand, bed occupancy ratio appeared to affect both technical and scale efficiency in a rather interesting way, while the adoption of advanced medical equipment and the type of hospital improves scale and technical efficiency, correspondingly. The findings of this study on Greek hospitals' performance are not encouraging. Furthermore, our results raise questions regarding the number of hospitals that should operate, and which type of hospital is more efficient. Finally, the results indicate the role of medical equipment in performance, confirming its misallocation in healthcare expenditure.

A categoria "pobreza" nas formulações de política social do Banco Mundial

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Vivian Domínguez Ugá

2004-11-01

Full Text Available Tendo em vista um dos objetivos atuais do Banco Mundial - o da "luta contra a pobreza" -, este trabalho propõe-se a contextualizar o momento da incorporação da categoria "pobreza" no receituário dessa instituição, por meio da análise de alguns de seus relatórios que tratam do tema, para, em seguida, analisar qual o significado do uso desse conceito na formulação de propostas de políticas sociais para os países "em desenvolvimento". Sugere-se que o uso do conceito de pobreza refere-se a um marco teórico bem definido - proposto pelo neoliberalismo -, que, ao priorizar os "pobres" como alvo de suas políticas, implica o deslocamento da política social da noção universalizada de "direito" e, em última instância, sugere a supressão da idéia e da realidade da cidadania social.

Pagamento por serviços ambientais na gestão de recursos hídricos: o caso de Extrema (MG

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Mariana Heilbuth Jardim

2015-09-01

Full Text Available RESUMOO estudo teve como principal objetivo analisar o Programa Conservador das Águas, no município de Extrema, Minas Gerais. O caso de Extrema teve destaque por ser a primeira iniciativa municipal a realizar pagamentos para proprietários rurais em troca da garantia do fornecimento de serviços ambientais visando à melhoria dos recursos hídricos. Foi constatado que a escassez de água iminente em grandes centros urbanos é fator condicionante para priorizar áreas de atuação de programas de pagamento por serviços ambientais na gestão de recursos hídricos. O trabalho conclui que os resultados dessa primeira experiência em projetos de pagamento por serviços ambientais podem auxiliar na evolução dos cenários futuros da gestão de recursos hídricos sob a perspectiva do desenvolvimento rural mais sustentável.

Lar Betânia: O atendimento à infância abandonada em Maringá – PR

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Ângela Mara de Barros Lara

2012-08-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo discute as políticas públicas de atendimento à criança e ao adolescenteem situação social de risco, na cidade de Maringá-PR, por meio da história do Lar Betânia,um abrigo fundado em 1965, no sistema casa-lar. A instituição que, em muitos períodos desua história chegou a atender, simultaneamente, 100 crianças vive hoje, a possibilidade desucumbir diante da atual filosofia do Estado de priorizar a permanência do menor junto àfamília biológica e, na impossibilidade dessa convivência, encaminhá-lo para acolhimento,junto às famílias cadastradas e preparadas para atuarem como famílias temporárias. Estadiscussão só foi possível a partir do estudo dos pressupostos que evidenciam o papel doEstado e dos direitos sociais na sociedade em que vivemos.

Análise do comportamento do hemometabolismo cerebral durante endarterectomia carotídea com pinçamento transitório Análisis del comportamiento del hemometabolismo cerebral durante endarterectomia carotídea con pinzamiento transitorio Analysis of brain hemometabolism behavior during carotid endarterectomy with temporary clamping

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Gastão Fernandes Duval Neto

2004-04-01

Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A endarterectomia carotídea com pinçamento transitório altera a relação entre o fluxo sangüíneo cerebral e a demanda metabólica cerebral de oxigênio, com conseqüente geração de uma tendência a hipóxia oliguêmica ou desacoplamento hemometabólico. O objetivo do presente estudo foi identificar as alterações do hemometabolismo cerebral, avaliados através das alterações da saturação da oxihemoglobina no bulbo da veia jugular interna (SjO2, durante endarterectomia carotídea com pinçamento, correlacionando essas alterações com fatores com potencialidade de interferir com as mesmas, principalmente a pressão de CO2 expirada (P ET CO2 e a pressão de perfusão cerebral (PPC. MÉTODO: Participaram do estudo 16 pacientes com doença estenosante unilateral e submetidos a pinçamento arterial transitório durante endarterectomia carotídea. Os parâmetros monitorizados (saturação da oxihemoglobina no bulbo da veia jugular interna, stump pressure e a pressão de CO2 expirado foram analisados nos seguintes momentos: M1 - pré-pinçamento; M2 - 3 minutos pós-pinçamento; M3 - pré- despinçamento; M4 - pós-despinçamento. RESULTADOS: A comparação entre a SjO2 (%, Média ± DP nos períodos estudados evidenciou uma diferença entre a registrada nos momentos M1 (52,25 ± 7,87 e M2 (47,43 ± 9,19. Essa redução inicial estabilizou-se durante o pinçamento transitório, com diminuição na comparação entre M2 e M3 (46,56 ± 9,25, sem significado estatístico (p = ns. Na fase pós-despinçamento, M4 (47,68 ± 9,12, a média da SjO2 apresentou uma elevação, quando comparada com os momentos de pinçamento M2 e M3, ainda inferior ao momento pré-pinçamento M1 (M4 x M1 - p JUSTIFICATIVA Y OBJETIVOS: La endarterectomia carotídea con pinzamiento transitorio altera la relación entre el flujo sanguíneo cerebral y la demanda metabólica cerebral de oxígeno, con consecuente generación de una tendencia a

El esquema lógico. Una alternativa\tpara estimular el desarrollo de habilidades para el\taprendizaje de la historia de Cuba en el licenciado\ten cultura física de Pinar Del Río

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Niurka Rodríguez Masías

2009-09-01

Full Text Available La constante búsqueda de métodos más efectivos, el desarrollo de habilidades y hábitos y el desarrollo de las capacidades de los estudiantes supone el perfeccionamiento de las habilidades como componente esencial en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, se les debe priorizar la atención sobre todo en los momentos actuales en que estamos ante el reto pedagógico de elevar la calidad y pertinencia de la educación. Por la necesidad cada vez más creciente de estimular el desarrollo de habilidades para el aprendizaje de la Historia de Cuba en el Licenciado en Cultura Física de Pinar del Río se diseña una propuesta de esquemas lógicos para estimular el desarrollo de habilidades para el aprendizaje de la Historia de Cuba en el Licenciado en Cultura Física de Pinar del Río. Se plantea tanto el enseñar al estudiante la realización de esquemas como la elaboración conjunta de los mismos por parte de estos y el profesor lo que se considera de gran importancia dado que contribuyen a motivar al estudiante e interesarlo por los contenidos, además de establecer las relaciones interdisciplinarias al motivar a los estudiantes a trabajar con programas digitales de Computación en el momento de realizar los esquemas, ya que deben aplicar la búsqueda de información científica, consultar el material que se ubicará en los laboratorios y hacer propuestas individuales a partir se los conocimientos históricos. El aporte práctico de esta investigación radica en diseñar un instrumento que está siendo utilizado como material auxiliar didáctico en las clases de Historia de Cuba, se propone socializarlo a partir de las experiencias que se han obtenido en la signatura.

USING A DEA MANAGEMENT TOOLTHROUGH A NONPARAMETRIC APPROACH: AN EXAMINATION OF URBAN-RURAL EFFECTS ON THAI SCHOOL EFFICIENCY

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SANGCHAN KANTABUTRA

2009-04-01

Full Text Available This paper examines urban-rural effects on public upper-secondary school efficiency in northern Thailand. In the study, efficiency was measured by a nonparametric technique, data envelopment analysis (DEA. Urban-rural effects were examined through a Mann-Whitney nonparametric statistical test. Results indicate that urban schools appear to have access to and practice different production technologies than rural schools, and rural institutions appear to operate less efficiently than their urban counterparts. In addition, a sensitivity analysis, conducted to ascertain the robustness of the analytical framework, revealed the stability of urban-rural effects on school efficiency. Policy to improve school eff iciency should thus take varying geographical area differences into account, viewing rural and urban schools as different from one another. Moreover, policymakers might consider shifting existing resources from urban schools to rural schools, provided that the increase in overall rural efficiency would be greater than the decrease, if any, in the city. Future research directions are discussed.

Algoritmo de alocação de recursos discretos com análise de envoltória de dados

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João Carlos Correia Baptista Soares de Mello

2006-08-01

Full Text Available A alocação de recursos é um dos problemas clássicos abordados pela Pesquisa Operacional. A inserção de modelos de Análise de Envoltória de Dados (DEA nesse contexto traz novas possibilidades de estudo, em especial quando combinada com o uso de algoritmos de programação inteira. Este artigo apresenta um algoritmo para distribuição de recursos discretos usando modelos DEA de forma seqüencial. O método proposto é aplicado no estudo de caso da alocação de vagas docentes na Universidade Federal Fluminense. Os resultados são comparados com aqueles obtidos pela comissão encarregada da distribuição das vagas.The resource allocation is one of the main problems in Operational Research. The use of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA in this field is a new feature with a great potential, mainly when combined with integer programming problems. This paper presents an algorithm to allocate integer resources using a step-by-step DEA algorithm. We applied the proposed approach to a real case study, which consists in allocating teacher positions in some departments of Universidade Federal Fluminense. We compare the results with those obtained by the official commission.

A study on the framework for selecting core R and D programmes in Energy Technology Roadmap by the DEA approach

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lee, Seong Kon; Mogi, Gento; Kim, Jong Wook

2007-07-01

South Korea is the 10th largest energy consumer in the world because of the poor country of natural resources such as petroleum, coal, and natural gas. It is essential to solve the energy difficulty of secure supply and demand of national energy. We established the energy technology roadmap to prepare for the next 10 years. We clustered 3 core technological sectors such as technology for high oil prices, the United nations framework for climate change, and the hydrogen economy. But we didn't prioritize the weights of energy technology development in energy technology roadmap. To allocate the finite resources efficiently, we cluster the preferred groups and non-preferred groups by the data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach. Through the scientific decision making approach, we can allocate R and D capacity, budget, and infrastructures efficiently to produce outstanding R and D outputs. (auth)

A Slacks-based Measure DEA Methodology for Identification of Returns to Scale in the Slovak Banking Sector

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Martin Boďa

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Taking into consideration that knowing the nature of scale of operations is important both to size optimization and to technical efficiency measurement, the paper aims to identify for individual commercial banks of the Slovak banking sector the scale of their operations as exhibited by their production activities during the period from 2000 and 2012. To this end, the DEA procedure of Tone and Sahoo utilizing the concept of the degree of scale elasticity is enhanced and combined with the framework of the SBM model. The analysis of scale is conducted for the major 11 Slovak commercial banks under the prism of the production approach to banking operations, in which the economic assumption that three solid phases can be singled out in the development of the Slovak banking sector is made. The results confirm that the largest Slovak commercial banks were in the investigated period already “too large” so as to gain potentially some benefit from expanding their depository and creditory services by increasing their inputs.

Estenose de carótida extracraniana: revisão baseada em evidências

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Carolina Dutra Queiroz Flumignan

Full Text Available RESUMO A doença vascular cerebral extracraniana é uma das mais importantes causas de morte e de incapacidade em todo o mundo e seu tratamento se baseia em estratégias clínica e cirúrgica, sendo que esta última pode ser feita pelas técnicas convencional ou endovascular. O manejo da estenose da bifurcação carotídea visa principalmente a prevenir o acidente vascular cerebral e tem sido objeto de extensa investigação. O papel do tratamento clínico tem sido re-enfatizado, mas a endarterectomia de carótida permanece como o tratamento de primeira linha para pacientes sintomáticos com estenose de 50% a 99% e, para pacientes assintomáticos, com estenose de 60% a 99%. A angioplastia com stent é reservada para pacientes sintomáticos, com estenose de 50% a 99% e com risco elevado para a cirurgia aberta, por motivos anatômicos ou clínicos. Atualmente, o procedimento endovascular não é recomendado para pacientes assintomáticos que tenham condições de serem submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico convencional. O Brasil apresenta tendência semelhante à de outros países da América do Norte e Europa, observando a manutenção da endarterectomia como a principal indicação para o tratamento da estenose carotídea e reservando o procedimento endovascular para casos em que há contraindicações para a primeira intervenção. Todavia, temos de melhorar os nossos resultados, reduzindo as complicações, notadamente a taxa de mortalidade geral.

Irrigation pricing policies and its impact on agricultural inputs demand in Tunisia: a DEA-based methodology.

Science.gov (United States)

Frija, Aymen; Wossink, Ada; Buysse, Jeroen; Speelman, Stijn; Van Huylenbroeck, Guido

2011-09-01

This paper estimates farmers' individual irrigation water demand functions employing the information hidden in individual farmers' technical efficiency. This information is extracted through the development of a new deductive methodology based on inverse Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models. The empirical results for Tunisia show that farmers who are more technically efficient have less elastic irrigation water demand functions; these farmers would adjust demand only to a limited extent and they can afford the water price. In contrast, water pricing significantly affects those that are less efficient. These farmers shift towards a different cropping pattern using significantly less water and more land when the price of water increases. Thus, higher water prices would threaten this category's livelihood if their efficiency is not improved. However, if the technical efficiency of these farmers were to improve, then it would be more difficult to reach water saving objectives since their demand will also become highly inelastic. The findings have important implications in view of the objectives of Tunisia water policy which include:full cost recovery, continuity of the irrigation activity, and water saving at the national level. Crown Copyright © 2011. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Chinese regional industrial energy efficiency evaluation based on a DEA model of fixing non-energy inputs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shi, G.-M.; Bi Jun; Wang Jinnan

2010-01-01

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) has recently become a popular method in measuring energy efficiency at the macro-economy level. However, previous studies are limited in that they failed to consider the issues of undesirable outputs and minimisation of energy consumption. Thus, this study considers both factors in measuring Chinese industrial energy efficiency and investigates the maximum energy-saving potential in 28 administrative regions in China. The results show that industries in the east area have the best average energy efficiency for the period 2000-2006, followed by the central area. Further, after comparing the industrial energy overall efficiency, pure technical efficiency (IEPTE), and scale efficiency of the 28 administrative regions examined, the study finds that in most regions of this study, the two main reasons causing the wastage of a large amount of energy during the industrial production process are that the industrial structure of most regions still relies on the massive use of energy in order to support the industrial-based economy and the IEPTE is too low. Based on these findings, this paper correspondingly proposes some policies to improve regional industrial energy efficiency.

El desarrollo local y empresarial: La formación como factor básico para orientar al emprendedor

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Juan Uribe Toril

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Objeto: El presente artículo es un recorrido que se inicia con el repaso de las principales teorías del desarrollo local para adentrarse en el emprendedor y en el fomento de la cultura emprendedora en ámbitos rurales como medio de impulso del progreso local. También, estudiaremos la influencia de factores personales del emprendedor (experiencia, situación,… en la constitución de empresas y cómo afecta el nivel formativo (en sentido amplio en el desarrollo económico y del espíritu emprendedor a través de variables latentes, que se traduce en creación de nuevas empresas.Diseño/metodología: La investigación parte de un análisis y recopilación de la literatura existente en desarrollo local para pasar a un estudio transversal mediante procedimiento de encuesta directa. Para el tratamiento de la información obtenida se ha utilizado el análisis de clases latentes.Resultados: Del análisis de los datos se desprenden dos conclusiones principales: que la formación de partida y continua, la situación personal y el propio entorno, se configuran de una manera directa en el espíritu emprendedor y que programas de desarrollo permiten realizar diseños con garantías de éxito. De estas conclusiones emanan cinco reflexiones.Limitaciones: Encontramos una delimitación geográfica al haber sido entrevistadas empresas de la comunidad andaluza, aunque presumimos que, al centrarnos en localidades de baja densidad de población, son perfectamente extrapolables a otras zonas.Implicaciones prácticas: El estudio es de utilidad a los agentes sociales encargados del diseño de programas de capacitación empresarial y de la organización y control de herramientas potenciadoras de cultura emprendedora en entornos rurales.Implicaciones sociales: Fomento de empresas en entornos rurales que permiten disminuir la despoblación de los pueblos y mitigar la concentración humana en grandes urbes. Asimismo, a través del crecimiento económico de estos

Para-Hermitian and para-quaternionic manifolds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ivanov, S.; Zamkovoy, S.

2003-10-01

A set of canonical para-Hermitian connections on an almost para-Hermitian manifold is defined. A Para-hermitian version of the Apostolov-Gauduchon generalization of the Goldberg-Sachs theorem in General Relativity is given. It is proved that the Nijenhuis tensor of a Nearly para-Kaehler manifolds is parallel with respect to the canonical connection. Salamon's twistor construction on quaternionic manifold is adapted to the para-quaternionic case. A locally conformally hyper-para-Kaehler (hypersymplectic) flat structure with parallel Lee form on the Kodaira-Thurston complex surfaces modeled on S 1 x SL (2, R)-tilde is constructed. Anti-self-dual locally conformally hyper-para-Kaehler (hypersymplectic) neutral metrics with non vanishing Weyl tensor are obtained on the Inoe surfaces. An example of anti-self-dual neutral metric which is not locally conformally hyper-para-Kaehler (hypersymplectic) is constructed. (author)

Para-Hermitian and para-quaternionic manifolds

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ivanov, S [University of Sofia ' St. Kl. Ohridski' , Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, Sofia (Bulgaria) and Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste (Italy); Zamkovoy, S [University of Sofia ' St. Kl. Ohridski' , Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, Sofia (Bulgaria)

2003-10-01

A set of canonical para-Hermitian connections on an almost para-Hermitian manifold is defined. A Para-hermitian version of the Apostolov-Gauduchon generalization of the Goldberg-Sachs theorem in General Relativity is given. It is proved that the Nijenhuis tensor of a Nearly para-Kaehler manifolds is parallel with respect to the canonical connection. Salamon's twistor construction on quaternionic manifold is adapted to the para-quaternionic case. A locally conformally hyper-para-Kaehler (hypersymplectic) flat structure with parallel Lee form on the Kodaira-Thurston complex surfaces modeled on S{sup 1} x SL (2, R)-tilde is constructed. Anti-self-dual locally conformally hyper-para-Kaehler (hypersymplectic) neutral metrics with non vanishing Weyl tensor are obtained on the Inoe surfaces. An example of anti-self-dual neutral metric which is not locally conformally hyper-para-Kaehler (hypersymplectic) is constructed. (author)

A New Approach to Reducing Search Space and Increasing Efficiency in Simulation Optimization Problems via the Fuzzy-DEA-BCC

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Rafael de Carvalho Miranda

2014-01-01

Full Text Available The development of discrete-event simulation software was one of the most successful interfaces in operational research with computation. As a result, research has been focused on the development of new methods and algorithms with the purpose of increasing simulation optimization efficiency and reliability. This study aims to define optimum variation intervals for each decision variable through a proposed approach which combines the data envelopment analysis with the Fuzzy logic (Fuzzy-DEA-BCC, seeking to improve the decision-making units’ distinction in the face of uncertainty. In this study, Taguchi’s orthogonal arrays were used to generate the necessary quantity of DMUs, and the output variables were generated by the simulation. Two study objects were utilized as examples of mono- and multiobjective problems. Results confirmed the reliability and applicability of the proposed method, as it enabled a significant reduction in search space and computational demand when compared to conventional simulation optimization techniques.

Un estudio no paramétrico de eficiencia para la minería de Zacatecas, México || A Non-Parametric Approach to Efficiency for Mining in Zacatecas, Mexico

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Rodallegas Portillo, Mayra C.

2012-01-01

Full Text Available La intención de este trabajo es abordar el sector minero en el estado de Zacatecas bajo la técnica del análisis envolvente de datos para construir indicadores de eficiencia en los años 1998, 2003 y 2008. Se realiza un análisis entre entidades federativas para comparar el desempeño a nivel nacional; asimismo, se efectúa un estudio comparativo entre tipos específicos de producción minera. El artículo constituye una fuente de información significativa sobre el desempeño de la industria minera en la entidad, pudiendo identificar los productos del estado que son susceptibles de mejora técnica mediante las clases de actividad ineficientes. || The aim of the paper is to use the data envelopment analysis (DEA for mining in Zacatecas and provide efficiency indicators in the years 1998, 2003, and 2008. We compare the performance of the state of Zacatecas with other mining states in Mexico. Then the empirical analysis extends to specific mining. The study is an important source of information about mining behavior. By using the national industries level, it was possible to identify the products that are susceptible of improvement.

Evaluación de la eficiencia técnica de las Universidades Públicas Estatales (UPE del noroeste de México mediante Análisis Envolvente de Datos (DEA

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Daniela Alcaraz-Ochoa

2017-01-01

Full Text Available El presente estudio extiende la evidencia empírica existente dentro de la Economía de la Educación al evaluar la eficiencia técnica en el uso de los recursos federales otorgados a las Universidades Públicas Estatales (UPE mediante procesos incrementales ordinarios y fondos extraordinarios , los cuales son considerados como insuficientes por este tipo de instituciones. El objetivo de este trabajo es aplicar un procedimiento que permita conocer la efic iencia técnica alcanzada por las UPE del noroeste de México durante el periodo 2014 - 2 015. La metodología empleada fue m ediante el uso del Análisis Envolvente de Datos (DEA en su modelo CCR - O. Se estima la función de producción utilizando las variables de financiamiento federal (ordinario y extraordinario como input y alumnos de nuevo ingreso, alumnos egresados, programas educativos acreditados y cuerpos académicos como outputs , obtenidos mediante las bases de datos de la Asociación Nacional de Universidad es e Instituciones de Educación Superior (ANUIES y la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM. Los hallazgos principales fueron que la relación entre las variables utilizadas como input y outputs refleja una eficiencia técnica promedio de 0.860379 (en escala de 0 a 1, siendo técnicamente eficientes la Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (UABC y el Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora (ITSON. Se obtienen los datos de peer group y targets para su consideración como referencia de mejora de las instit uciones que no resultan técnicamente eficientes.

A politicidade do cuidado na crítica aos estereótipos de gênero

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Maria Raquel Gomes Maia Pires

Full Text Available RESUMO Objetivos: analisar as desigualdades de gênero entre mulheres brasileiras em Portugal e na enfermagem moderna, a partir da politicidade do cuidado na perspectiva do gênero; explicitar a opressão sobre o feminino reproduzida pelos estereótipos que essencializam a mulher como cuidadora natural; apontar politicidades para a desconstrução dos estereótipos de gênero. Método: reflexão teórica com revisão narrativa de literatura com o propósito de analisar as referências clássicas da epistemologia feminista na articulação com a tese da politicidade do cuidado. Resultados: as similitudes entre os estereótipos das Evas-brasileiras e das Marias-portuguesas com a enfermeira sexualizada ou santificada se inscrevem na genealogia da moral judaico-cristã que reitera a subserviência do feminino ao masculino. Conclusão: ao priorizar um cuidado que precisa do descuidado para ampliar as possibilidades cuidativas, a premissa teórica da politicidade do cuidado pode contribuir para subverter as imagens essencializadas das brasileiras em solo lusitano e na enfermagem contemporânea.

TI e eficiência organizacional: um estudo no setor brasileiro de bens de capital mecânicos com foco em micro, pequenas e médias empresas Information technology and organizational efficiency: a study in the Brazilian capital goods sector focusing on micro, small and medium enterprises

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Cesar Alexandre de Souza

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Uma das medidas para o sucesso do uso da tecnologia da informação (TI é seu impacto na performance das empresas. Muitos estudos têm sido realizados analisando a influência da TI no resultado, especialmente em empresas de grande porte. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a relação entre investimentos em TI e eficiência organizacional com foco em empresas de micro, pequeno e médio porte. Para isso, foram identificados fatores críticos de sucesso para o desempenho de empresas industriais, sendo em seguida desenvolvido um modelo para realização de análise envoltória de dados (DEA - Data Envelopment Analysis em dois estágios. A pesquisa de campo foi realizada com empresas ligadas à Associação Brasileira das Indústrias de Máquinas e Equipamentos (Abimaq. Dentre os resultados destacam-se a maior capacidade das empresas de pequeno porte em converter o uso da TI em eficiência operacional e a maior capacidade das empresas maiores em converter fatores críticos de sucesso em rentabilidade.The impact on companies' performance is among the possible measures for Information Technology (IT success. Several researches showing the influence of IT on firms' results have been conducted, but mainly through studies carried out in large enterprises. The objective of this work was to analyze the relationship between IT investments and organizational efficiency - focusing on micro, small and medium sized enterprises. To this end, critical success factors for industrial companies' performance were identified, and a two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA model was developed and tested in a sample of firms in the capital goods sector. DEA is especially interesting because it allows comparing and differentiating the firms in the sample which are more efficient in deriving results from IT. Among the results observed, there were the higher capacity of small firms to transform IT investments into operational efficiency and the higher capacity of

Measurement and decomposition of energy efficiency of Northeast China-based on super efficiency DEA model and Malmquist index.

Science.gov (United States)

Ma, Xiaojun; Liu, Yan; Wei, Xiaoxue; Li, Yifan; Zheng, Mengchen; Li, Yudong; Cheng, Chaochao; Wu, Yumei; Liu, Zhaonan; Yu, Yuanbo

2017-08-01

Nowadays, environment problem has become the international hot issue. Experts and scholars pay more and more attention to the energy efficiency. Unlike most studies, which analyze the changes of TFEE in inter-provincial or regional cities, TFEE is calculated with the ratio of target energy value and actual energy input based on data in cities of prefecture levels, which would be more accurate. Many researches regard TFP as TFEE to do analysis from the provincial perspective. This paper is intended to calculate more reliably by super efficiency DEA, observe the changes of TFEE, and analyze its relation with TFP, and it proves that TFP is not equal to TFEE. Additionally, the internal influences of the TFEE are obtained via the Malmquist index decomposition. The external influences of the TFFE are analyzed afterward based on the Tobit models. Analysis results demonstrate that Heilongjiang has the highest TFEE followed by Jilin, and Liaoning has the lowest TFEE. Eventually, some policy suggestions are proposed for the influences of energy efficiency and study results.

La eficiencia de los Hospitales Colombianos en el contexto Latinoamericano. Una aplicación de Análisis Envolvente de Datos (DEA en un grupo de hospitales de alta complejidad, 2009 The efficiency of Colombian hospitals in the Latin American context. An application of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA in a group of complex surgeries hospitals, 2009

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Rafael Viana Barceló

2011-10-01

Full Text Available Los servicios médicos de alta complejidad constituyen un sector con alto potencial de generación de divisas y buen desempeño competitivo por el acceso a altos desarrollos tecnológicos. La medición de la eficiencia en este sector en el país es un aspecto importante si se quiere ser competitivo. Con una muestra de 20 hospitales y clínicas latinoamericanos en el año 2009, utilizando la información suministrada por América Economía, se midió la eficiencia de 5 entidades colombianas incluidas allí. La medición se hizo mediante la metodología DEA. Los resultados arrojaron que 4 de las entidades colombianas se encuentran sobre la frontera de eficiencia y la restante solo debe hacer ajustes en el uso del espacio físico, en aquellos campos en los que esto sea posible. La conjunción de eficiencia, precios competitivos y calidad del servicio le auguran un buen futuro a los servicios médicos de alta complejidad en el país.  Abstract The medical services of complex surgeries is a sector with high potential for generating foreign exchange and it owns a good competitive performance due the access to high technology developments. The measurement of efficiency in this sector in the country is an important aspect, if we want to be competitive. In a sample of 20 Latin American hospitals, was measured the efficiency of the group of 5 Colombian entities included there. The measurement was made by the DEA methodology. The results showed that 4 of the Colombian institutions are on the efficient frontier and the remaining one must make adjustments in the use of physical space in those areas where this is possible. The combination of efficiency, competitive prices and quality service, augur a good future for medical services of complex surgeries in Colombia.The medical services of complex surgeries is a sector with high potential for generatingforeign exchange and it owns a good competitive performance due the access to hightechnology developments

He pintado cuadros sobre cómo pueden transformarse los seres

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Enrique Casanto

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Las pinturas de Enrique Casanto, ashaninka del clan de la Orquidea, hacen ver en doble porque muestran que todo lo que existe tiene su duplo. Todo ser es a la vez humano y no-humano, inclusive él mismo y todos los de su clan Casanto, descendientes del gran guerrero Orquídea del pasado que usaba las estrategias de una flor inmóvil en el tronco para vencer a sus enemigos y, de tanto asemejarse a una orquídea, terminó convirtiéndose en dicha flor. Su arte muestra el pasaje de una forma corporal a la otra que acontece en la cosmología y las prácticas curativas chamánicas.

Measuring the Efficiency of Education and Technology via DEA approach: Implications on National Development

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Huan Xu

2017-11-01

Full Text Available The aim of this paper is to provide a new approach for assessing the input–output efficiency of education and technology for national science and education department. We used the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA method to analyze the efficiency sharing activities in education and technology sector, and classify input variables and output variables accordingly. Using the panel data in the education and technology sector of 53 countries, we found that the countries with significant progress in educational efficiency and technological efficiency mainly concentrated in East Asia, especially in Japan, Korea, Taiwan and some other developing countries. We further evaluate the effect of educational and technological efficiencies on national competitiveness, balanced development of the country, national energy efficiency, export, and employment. We found that the efficiency of science and technology has an effect on the balanced development of the country, but that of education has played a counter-productive role; Educational efficiency has a large role and related the country’s educational development. In addition, using the panel data analysis, we showed that educational and technological efficiency has different degrees of contributions to the development from 2000 to 2014. It mainly depends on the economic development progress and the push for the education and technological policy. The proposed approach in this paper provides the decision-making support for the education and technological policy formulation, specially the selection of the appropriate education and technological strategies for resource allocation and process evaluation.

Pulp fruit added to culture medium for in vitro orchid developmentPolpa de frutos adicionada ao meio de cultivo no crescimento in vitro de orquídea

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Gilberto Rostirolla Batista de Souza

2013-06-01

Full Text Available As an additive in in vitro culture media, fruits have a great potential for facilitating economical orchid production because of lower technology requirements and the ease of obtaining raw materials to formulate culture media. We studied the in vitro growth of Cattleya bicolor Lindl. grown in a simplified culture medium supplemented with different kinds of fruit pulp. The experimental design was completely randomised, with eight seedlings per replication and ten replications per treatment, for a total of 80 seedlings per treatment. The culture medium was made using 150 g L -1 of pulp (without peel or seed from the following fruits: ripe Santa Cruz tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L., dwarf bananas (Musa cavendishii L. of intermediate ripeness, light green chayote (Sechium edule (Jacq. Sw, ripe papaya (Carica papaya L. or green coconut (Cocos nucifera L..The treatment control was MS 50 %. The treatments and the control were kept in a growth chamber for seven months before evaluating seedling survival percentage, shoot height, number of leaves, rooting percentage, root number, root length and dry masses of shoot and roots. The highest percentages of seedling survival were obtained using MS 50 %, banana and coconut medium. The seedling survival and rooting percentages illustrate that it is possible to emphasise the culture medium MS 50% and the culture medium supplemented with coconut on the most traditional culture medium with banana or tomato pulp. For the in vitro development of Cattleya bicolor Lindl., a simplified culture medium supplemented with coconut pulp is the most suitable for use as an alternative to MS 50%. A simplified culture medium supplemented with papaya pulp is not recommended for the in vitro development of Cattleya bicolor Lindl. Os frutos apresentam potencial para serem utilizados na elaboração de meios de cultivo para facilitar a produção de orquídeas em pequenas propriedades, contribuindo para a rentabilidade do cultivo

Determining the Most Efficient Supplier Considering Imprecise Data in Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA, a extension for Toloo and Nalchigar's model

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Morteza Rahmani

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Supplier selection in supply chain as a multi-criteria decision making problem (containing both qualitative and quantitative criteria is one of the main factors in a successful supply chain. To this purpose, Toloo and Nalchigar (2011 proposed an integrated data envelopment analysis (DEA model to find the most efficient (best supplier by considering imprecise data. In this paper, it will be shown that their model randomly selects an efficient supplier as the most efficient and therefore their model cannot find the most efficient supplier correctly. We also explain some other problems in this model and propose a modified model to resolve the drawbacks. The proposed model in this paper finds the most efficient supplier considering imprecise data by solving only one mixed integer linear programming. In addition, a new algorithm is proposed for determining and ranking other efficient suppliers. Afficiency of the proposed approach is explained by considering imprecise data for 18 suppliers.

A study of the strategic alliance for EMS industry: the application of a hybrid DEA and GM (1, 1) approach.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Chia Nan; Nguyen, Nhu Ty; Tran, Thanh Tuyen; Huong, Bui Bich

2015-01-01

Choosing a partner is a critical factor for success in international strategic alliances, although criteria for partner selection vary between developed and transitional markets. This study aims to develop effective methods to assist enterprise to measure the firms' operation efficiency, find out the candidate priority under several different inputs and outputs, and forecast the values of those variables in the future. The methodologies are constructed by the concepts of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and grey model (GM). Realistic data in four consecutive years (2009-2012) a total of 20 companies of the Electronic Manufacturing Service (EMS) industry that went public are completely collected. This paper tries to help target company-DMU1-to find the right alliance partners. By our proposed approach, the results show the priority in the recent years. The research study is hopefully of interest to managers who are in manufacturing industry in general and EMS enterprises in particular.

Neobabilonios en el siglo XXI. Del proyecto de Constant a la ciudad contemporánea

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Sergio Colombo Ruiz

2016-12-01

Full Text Available El artículo presenta al neobabilonio, quien vive libre, nómada, a la deriva, con pleno uso del tiempo y la tecnología, constructor de su entorno en un juego de creación colectivo; el habitante de New Babylon, el proyecto de Constant. Se indaga en su imaginario y los recursos que utilizó para su creación como ejercicio de reivindicación de la cultura como fundamento en la construcción de la ciudad. Se toman los valores del neobabilonio y se contrastan con el ciudadano contemporãneo, ante el mundo digital y la transformación espacial que supone, donde las ideas de Constant parecen actualizarse, al priorizar las necesidades sociales en la construcción del espacio.

Mapeamento de estudos sobre a utilização de Análise por Envoltória de Dados (DEA na análise de insolvência.

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Silvia Pereira de Castro Casa Nova

2009-10-01

Full Text Available As demonstrações contábeis divulgadas pelas empresas têm sido objeto de diversos estudos. Os indicadores contábeis de balanço são utilizados na interpretação dos fenômenos econômicos e financeiros das entidades. Mesmo tendo-se conhecimento das limitações dos números gerados a partir dos relatórios contábeis, os poderes investigativo e preditivo das análises são estudados e, por vezes, comprovados na literatura. Construíram-se indicadores de previsão de insolvência, com base em instrumentos quantitativos sofisticados. Altman (1968 foi precursor da aplicação de métodos quantitativos em informações contábeis com a finalidade de desenvolver modelos de previsão de falência. Kanitz (1974 foi um dos pioneiros no Brasil a empregar recursos sofisticados no processo de análise de balanços. Posteriormente,outros pesquisadores brasileiros desenvolveram modelos utilizando-se de técnicas estatísticas de regressão logística, análise fatorial, análise discriminante, redes neurais e outras (ELIZABETSKY, 1976 apud SILVA, 2003; MATIAS, 1978; SILVA, 1982 apud SILVA, 2003; ALMEIDA, 2003; MATIAS; SIQUEIRA, 1996. Mais recentemente modelos de análise de insolvência têm sido desenvolvidos com utilização da Análise por Envoltória de Dados (DEA. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar o estágio atual do estudo da utilização da DEA na análise de falência, no exterior e no Brasil.

Mesh construction for the 2-dimensional computational fracture mechanics using the I-DEAS

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Jong Wook; Kim, Tae Wan; Park, Keun Bae

2000-09-01

Recently research activities have been reported regarding the generation of the input data for the crack problems at a minimum of effort utilizing the general characteristics of the finite element modeling technique. Several automatic FE mesh generation methods for the cracked structure of particular geometries and boundary conditions have been proposed by using commercial codes or developing in-house programs. In general, development of software to deal with special crack problem can maximize the efficiency and accuracy for a specific environment. However, applicable range of such scheme is usually very restricted and new program should be formed in each case. On the other hand, commercial codes can be used for the automatic mesh generation of variety of geometries, but with an additional effort to accomodate the singular element for the cracked-body analysis. In the present study, a procedure for the generation of input data for the optimized computational fracture mechanics is developed as a series of effort to establish the structural integrity evaluation procedure of SMART reactor vessel assembly. Input data for the finite element analysis are prepared using the commercial code I-DEAS. The midpoint nodes near the crack front are shifted at the quarter-points. The complete finite element model generated is given to another commercial finite element code ABAQUS for the stress analysis. The stress intensity factors are calculated using the J-integral method. To demonstrate the validation of the present procedure, double-edge crack in a plate subjected to uniform tension is solved, and the effects of mesh construction are discussed in detail. The structural integrity evaluation procedure through the 2-D crack modeling is then established

Mujer joven con hipertiroidismo asociado a insuficiencia tricuspídea grave Young woman with hyperthyroidism associated with severe tricuspid regurgitation

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Ariel K. Saad

2008-02-01

Full Text Available Las manifestaciones cardiovasculares del hipertiroidismo son frecuentes, y en ocasiones dominan el cuadro clínico. Con frecuencia, la enfermedad se manifiesta por un estado circulatorio hiperdinámico, con disminución de la resistencia vascular periférica, aumento de la volemia y del volumen minuto cardíaco. La dilatación de las cavidades cardíacas con insuficiencia tricuspídea grave e insuficiencia cardíaca derecha sin hipertensión pulmonar constituye una forma inusual de presentación. Se presenta el caso de una joven paciente, portadora de enfermedad de Graves Basedow, sin antecedentes cardiovasculares, que evoluciona en el transcurso de un mes con edema de miembros inferiores, palpitaciones, diarrea, pérdida de peso y fiebre. Al examen clínico se evidencian taquicardia con pulso irregular, signos de insuficiencia cardíaca derecha acompañado de un intenso soplo regurgitante que aumentaba con la inspiración. Por radiografía de tórax y ecocardiograma se constata cardiomegalia e insuficiencia tricuspídea grave sin hipertensión pulmonar. El cuadro se resuelve en forma rápida luego del tratamiento con propranolol, corticoides y diuréticos, con reversión de la arritmia y franca mejoría de los signos y síntomas. Se analizan en forma breve los efectos de las hormonas tiroideas en el aparato cardiovascular y se postulan probables mecanismos fisiopatológicos de la insuficiencia cardíaca en el hipertiroidismo.Cardiovascular manifestations of hyperthyroidism are frequent and sometimes are relevant in the clinical picture. Usually an hyperdynamic circulatory state hallmarks the disease with low peripheral resistance, increased intravascular volume and cardiac output. However, right chamber dilatation with tricuspid valve regurgitation and cardiac failure are unusual. We present the case of a young woman with Graves-Basedow disease without cardiovascular history who complained about palpitations, peripheral edemas, weight loss and

Massimo Bontempelli y la crítica española de entreguerras: nota sobre la recepción de Nostra Dea en Madrid (1926

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Martín Rodríguez, Mariano

2004-06-01

Full Text Available Massimo Bontempelli's plays are of highly historical importance in the avant-garde. Among them. Nostra Dea (1925 achieved considerable fame and Margarita Xirgu even decided to present it to the public in Madrid as early as 1926. The critics welcomed the innovative experience and praised both the acting and the staging, colourful and consistent with the modern symbolical features of the text, but many did not conceal their disappointment in front of the alleged superficiality of the plot and the characters of the play, whose frivolous humour appeared to conflict with the intended allegory. Only some pointed out that no consistency was to be asked from a play whose main interest was the «pure form». The play was considered nevertheless little more than a modern farce, what may illustrate the mixed reception in Madrid of the supposedly lighter manifestations of the avant-garde theatre.Las obras de Máximo Bontempelli revisten gran importancia histórica en las vanguardias. Nostra Dea (1925, por ejemplo, se hizo bastante famosa y Margarita Xirgu decidió presentarla al público madrileño ya en 1926. Los críticos aplaudieron la innovadora representación, especialmente por la interpretación y la puesta en escena, colorista y ajustada a las características simbólicas modernas del texto, aunque muchos no pudieron ocultar su decepción por la presunta superficialidad del argumento y los personajes de la obra, cuya comicidad frívola parecía disonar de la alegoría pretendida. Sólo algunos señalaron que no había que buscar coherencia alguna en una pieza cuyo interés principal residía en la «pura forma». Aun así, la obra se consideró poco más que una farsa moderna, lo que puede servir de ejemplo de la contradictoria recepción en Madrid de las manifestaciones supuestamente más ligeras del teatro de vanguardia.

A Study of the Strategic Alliance for EMS Industry: The Application of a Hybrid DEA and GM (1, 1 Approach

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Chia Nan Wang

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Choosing a partner is a critical factor for success in international strategic alliances, although criteria for partner selection vary between developed and transitional markets. This study aims to develop effective methods to assist enterprise to measure the firms’ operation efficiency, find out the candidate priority under several different inputs and outputs, and forecast the values of those variables in the future. The methodologies are constructed by the concepts of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA and grey model (GM. Realistic data in four consecutive years (2009–2012 a total of 20 companies of the Electronic Manufacturing Service (EMS industry that went public are completely collected. This paper tries to help target company—DMU1—to find the right alliance partners. By our proposed approach, the results show the priority in the recent years. The research study is hopefully of interest to managers who are in manufacturing industry in general and EMS enterprises in particular.

A Study of the Strategic Alliance for EMS Industry: The Application of a Hybrid DEA and GM (1, 1) Approach

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Chia Nan; Tran, Thanh Tuyen; Huong, Bui Bich

2015-01-01

Choosing a partner is a critical factor for success in international strategic alliances, although criteria for partner selection vary between developed and transitional markets. This study aims to develop effective methods to assist enterprise to measure the firms' operation efficiency, find out the candidate priority under several different inputs and outputs, and forecast the values of those variables in the future. The methodologies are constructed by the concepts of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and grey model (GM). Realistic data in four consecutive years (2009–2012) a total of 20 companies of the Electronic Manufacturing Service (EMS) industry that went public are completely collected. This paper tries to help target company—DMU1—to find the right alliance partners. By our proposed approach, the results show the priority in the recent years. The research study is hopefully of interest to managers who are in manufacturing industry in general and EMS enterprises in particular. PMID:25821859

[Efficiency of Brazilian States and the Federal District in the public kidney transplant system based on DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) and the Malmquist index].

Science.gov (United States)

Costa, Cassia Kely Favoretto; Balbinotto Neto, Giácomo; Sampaio, Luciano Menezes Bezerra

2014-08-01

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of Brazilian States and the Federal District in the public kidney transplant system and their productivity trends from 2006 to 2011. The authors used Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) with slack and the Malmquist index with slack. Inputs included spending on hospital services and health professionals in the system. The output was the number of kidney transplants performed in each State. The data showed a significant discrepancy between States in the number of kidney transplants. The transplant system's inefficiency may result from inadequate management, failure to comply with national guidelines, inactive hospital transplant committees, and overburdened hospital staff. Institutional changes promoted by the Brazilian Ministry of Health (procedures improvement and standardization) failed to increase productivity in most States during this period.

Framework de avaliação da complexidade de projetos em portfólios de engenharia civil

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Alessandro Prudêncio Lukosevicius

Full Text Available Resumo A importância da complexidade para o desempenho dos negócios tem ganhado reconhecimento acadêmico e gerencial. Saber lidar de forma efetiva com a complexidade é um diferencial para as organizações, incluindo as temporárias (projetos. Portanto, um melhor entendimento da complexidade em projetos e suas aplicações mostra-se necessário. No entanto, a literatura científica é carente de frameworks para avaliar a complexidade nas organizações, especialmente na área de construção civil. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo exploratório é propor um framework para avaliar a complexidade de projetos em portfólios de engenharia civil. O framework foi criado a partir dos fatores de complexidade em projetos de engenharia identificados pela revisão bibliográfica, tratado pela técnica para tomada de decisão ANP (Analytic Network Process e suportado pela Teoria da Complexidade. Como resultado, foi criado o MID (multiplicidade, interdependência, diversidade Framework e aplicado em um exemplo para priorizar o portfólio de projetos de uma empresa de construção civil. Em relação ao TOE (technical, organizational and environmental Framework adotado pela literatura, a pesquisa sugere que o MID Framework é mais amplo (avalia qualquer tipo de projeto, mais simples (estrutura mais enxuta e mais diversificado (calcula as complexidades do projeto e do projeto no portfólio para priorização de portfólios na área de engenharia civil.

Terapéuticas intervencionistas para el accidente cerebrovascular isquémico Update on interventional treatment of acute ischemic stroke

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Alejandra T. Rabadán

2010-10-01

Full Text Available En los últimos 20 años se han desarrollado nuevas opciones para el tratamiento y para la prevención del accidente cerebrovascular (ACV isquémico, muchas de ellas de carácter intervencionista, tales como la endarterectomía carotídea y la trombolisis intravenosa con activador tisular del plasminógeno. La evidencia científica ha llevado a su difusión y utilización en países desarrollados mientras que en naciones emergentes se observa un retraso en su adopción. Otras modalidades terapéuticas que parecen ser muy promisorias, aunque sin tanta evidencia científica que las avale, requieren la realización y conclusión de estudios randomizados. Dentro de la evolución del ACV isquémico existe una situación particular como es el infarto cerebral "maligno". Constituye un evento devastador, que se presenta en aproximadamente el 10 al 15% de los ACV carotídeos o silvianos, y está asociado con elevada morbimortalidad. Con la información disponible actualmente, es posible recomendar la craniectomía descompresiva (CD como un método efectivo y seguro para disminuir rápidamente la presión intracraneal y lograr un pronóstico favorable sobre una base racional. Aunque no hay estudios randomizados y controlados en la literatura, existe suficiente evidencia para recomendar la CD en casos especiales.New options have been developed for the prevention and treatment of acute ischemic stroke in the last 20 years, such as carotid endarterectomy and intravenous thrombolysis with tissue plasminogen activator. Scientific evidence has supported their use in developed countries, while there is an evident delay in their use among emerging countries. Other promising modalities require the conclusion of ongoing randomized, controlled trials. Malignant middle or carotid cerebral artery infarction accounts for 10 to 15% ischemic strokes and constitutes a devastating event associated with high morbidity and mortality. Decompressive craniectomy seems to be an

Tratamiento mediante terapia de presión negativa VAC® de herida infectada tras artrodesis raquídea Treatment of infected wound secondary to spinal arthrodesis with negative pressure therapy VAC®

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V. Yuste Benavente

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Las complicaciones cutáneas secundarias a artrodesis raquídea son un problema frecuente que requiere la colaboración de los Servicios de Cirugía Plástica y en cuyo tratamiento la terapia de presión negativa puede resultar útil. En este artículo presentamos el caso de un paciente afectado por metástasis vertebrales de adenocarcinoma gástrico que requirió artrodesis raquídea y desarrolló posteriormente una úlcera por presión dorsal debido al material implantado. El sistema VAC® permitió la limpieza y disminución de tamaño de la lesión, siendo posible la cobertura posterior de la misma con un colgajo miocutáneo de dorsal ancho. En este artículo discutimos la utilidad de la terapia de presión negativa en este tipo de lesiones.Cutaneous complications secondary to spinal fusion are a common problem that requires the collaboration of the Department of Plastic Surgery and in which negative pressure therapy treatment may be useful. In this paper we present the case of a patient with spinal metastases secondary to gastric adenocarcinoma that required spinal fusion and developed a dorsal pressure ulcer secondary to the implanted material. VAC® therapy system allowed cleaning the wound and decreasing the size of the injury, thus making it possible subsequently to cover it with a latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap. In this paper we discuss the usefulness of negative pressure therapy in this type of injury.

Curing behavior and reaction kinetics of binder resins for 3D-printing investigated by dielectric analysis (DEA)

Science.gov (United States)

Möginger, B.; Kehret, L.; Hausnerova, B.; Steinhaus, J.

2016-05-01

3D-Printing is an efficient method in the field of additive manufacturing. In order to optimize the properties of manufactured parts it is essential to adapt the curing behavior of the resin systems with respect to the requirements. Thus, effects of resin composition, e.g. due to different additives such as thickener and curing agents, on the curing behavior have to be known. As the resin transfers from a liquid to a solid glass the time dependent ion viscosity was measured using DEA with flat IDEX sensors. This allows for a sensitive measurement of resin changes as the ion viscosity changes two to four decades. The investigated resin systems are based on the monomers styrene and HEMA. To account for the effects of copolymerization in the calculation of the reaction kinetics it was assumed that the reaction can be considered as a homo-polymerization having a reaction order n≠1. Then the measured ion viscosity curves are fitted with the solution of the reactions kinetics - the time dependent degree of conversion (DC-function) - for times exceeding the initiation phase representing the primary curing. The measured ion viscosity curves can nicely be fitted with the DC-function and the determined fit parameters distinguish distinctly between the investigated resin compositions.

Performance Measurement Model for the Consumer Industry Listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange: DEA and SFA Approaches

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T.Handono Eko Prabowo

2014-08-01

Full Text Available This  research  attempts  to  provide  performance  measurement  model  for  the  consumer industry listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX by  using the data envelopment analysis (DEA and the stochastic frontier analysis (SFA. There were 36 panel irms analyzed over the period of 2000-2005 or 216 pooled observations. The output variable was total sales and input variables were labor, inventory, ixed assets and capital. Z-variables are age of the irm, size  of  the  irm,  market  share  and  time  period.  Empirical  indings  reveal  that  the  average technical  eficiency  (mean  TE  for  consumer  industry  was  0.6630.  The  study  indicates  the existence of output slacks (output deicits and input slacks (input wastages in the consumer industry's  operation.  The  study  also  shows  that  the  joint  effect  of  four  z-variables  on  the technical  ineficiencies  of  the  consumer  industry  was  signiicant  although  the  individual effects of one or more variables might not be statistically signiicant. ";} // -->activate javascript

Frontier Assignment for Sensitivity Analysis of Data Envelopment Analysis

Science.gov (United States)

Naito, Akio; Aoki, Shingo; Tsuji, Hiroshi

To extend the sensitivity analysis capability for DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis), this paper proposes frontier assignment based DEA (FA-DEA). The basic idea of FA-DEA is to allow a decision maker to decide frontier intentionally while the traditional DEA and Super-DEA decide frontier computationally. The features of FA-DEA are as follows: (1) provides chances to exclude extra-influential DMU (Decision Making Unit) and finds extra-ordinal DMU, and (2) includes the function of the traditional DEA and Super-DEA so that it is able to deal with sensitivity analysis more flexibly. Simple numerical study has shown the effectiveness of the proposed FA-DEA and the difference from the traditional DEA.

POSSIBILITIES OF APPLYING THE DEA METHOD IN THE ASSESSMENT OF EFFICIENCY OF COMPANIES IN THE ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY: REVIEW OF WIND ENERGY COMPANIES

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Dario Maradin

2014-07-01

Full Text Available One of the fundamental tasks of modern power system is finding ways to produce stable and continuous electricity from scarce energy resources. One of the possible solutions is introduction, implementation and improvement of alternative forms of energy such as renewable energy sources, particularly wind energy as an increasingly important energy source which is expected to further increase its share in total electricity production. Numerous methods can be used in assessing the efficiency of wind energy companies, and in the focus of this research is the Data Envelopment Analysis method (DEA, a widely accepted methodology given its interdisciplinary approach and flexibility. This method represents a step forward in the field of renewable energy management, because it provides the possibility to compare the selected companies with the best in the industry (the most efficient and the possibility of determining sources of inefficiency and, consequently, the possibilities of their elimination.

Application of dual membrane contactor for simultaneous CO2 removal using continues diethanolamine (DEA)

Science.gov (United States)

Rahmawati, Yeni; Nurkhamidah, Siti; Susianto, Listiyana, Nidia Intan; Putricahyani, Widyawati

2017-05-01

Technology of membrane contactor is an improvemet of acid gas (CO2) removal technology that combining gas absorption process with solvent and membrane technology. The objective of the experiment are study the effect of feed gas flow rate and solvent to flux CO2 and efficiency of CO2 removal, and also study the performance of membrane contactor. The experiment is conducted by circulating DEA in certain flow rate and arranging hollow fiber membrane in double-crossed section with the amount of desorption membrane three times more than absorption membrane. Feed gas streamed in the tube of membrane absorption and solvent on the shell. At the same time and condition, the process of desorption is done by streamed N2 gas as the stripping gas in desorption membrane. Performance test is conducted by running optimum variable for 8 hours. The result showed that flux of absorption gain the highest at 24,747 × 10-4 mol/m2.s, while flux of desorption gain the highest at 1,761 × 10-4 mol/m2.s. Increasing of absorption flux correspond to increasing of flow rate of feed gas and CO2 gas concentration but decreasing in flow rate of solvent. Increasing of desorption flux correspond to increasing of flow rate of feed gas and solvent but concentration of CO2 does not have impact. Efficiency increase while flow rate of mix gas and solvent decreasing, but CO2 concentration increase. The highest efficiency is 61,64%. Efficiency performance for CO2 removal of module membrane has the highest value at first 2 hours and stay constant at next running for 8 hours.

Present and Future of the United States-Bolivia Relations

Science.gov (United States)

2009-12-11

Bolivariana para las Americas (Spanish for Bolivarian Alternative for the Americas) ALC Acuerdo de Libre Comercio (Spanish for Free Trade Agreement) ATPA...Challenge Account) DEA Drug Enforcement Agency FELCN Fuerza Especial de Lucha Contra el Narcotráfico (Spanish for Special Force to Combat Drug...Organizacion de Estados Americanos (Spanish for Organization of American States) PNUD United Nations Program for Development) TCP Tratado de Comercio de

¿Influyen los modelos de financiación autonómicos en la eficiencia de las universidades públicas españolas?

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Manuel Larrán-Jorge

2015-07-01

Para evaluar la eficiencia aplicamos la metodología Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA, desarrollada por Charnes et al. (1978 a partir del trabajo pionero de Farrel en 1957. La muestra está formada por las 47 universidades públicas españolas presenciales con información obtenida de diversas fuentes y relativa a los cursos académicos 2005/2006 a 2009/2010.

A leitura acadêmica na formação docente: dificuldades e possibilidades

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Antônio Lailton Moraes Duarte

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo objetiva refletir sobre a importância da leitura para formação docente no tocante a aspectos relacionados à frequência, aos objetivos e aos interesses de leitura acadêmica. Para tanto, fundamentamo-nos, principalmente, nas obras de Kramer (2002, Cavalcante Jr. (2005a,b, Freire (1993 e Matêncio (1994. Para sua execução, contamos com a participação de alunos de um curso de Pedagogia, matriculados em uma disciplina do sétimo semestre da Universidade Estadual do Ceará. Os estudantes preencheram um questionário com questões relacionadas ao seu perfil-leitor eàs dificuldades e possibilidades de leitura acadêmica na universidade. Os resultados demonstram que a leitura de textos acadêmicos deve ser um componente para que os alunospossam obter novos aprendizados. Além do mais, a leitura acadêmica de textos que relacionam teoria e prática deve ser constante para que o futuro profissional possa basear, conforme Farias (2009, a sua ação docente no conhecimento elaborado e na realidade dada a fim de formar habilidades interlocutivas na leitura. Assim, os professores universitáriosdevem priorizar textos do interesse dos alunos para que estes possam lê-los estabelecendo seus objetivos de leitura e também percebendo laços com sua prática profissional, uma vezque o uso frequente de procedimentos metacognitivos são exigidos durante a leitura de textos acadêmicos.Palavras-chave: Leitura; formação de professores; discurso acadêmico.

Doença vestibular periférica decorrente de osteoartropatia temporoioídea em um eqüino Peripheral vestibular disease associated with temporohyoid osteoarthropathy in a horse

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Alexandre Secorun Borges

2003-06-01

Full Text Available Um eqüino com 22 anos de idade apresentou síndrome vestibular periférica associada à paralisia de nervo facial esquerdo devido à osteoartropatia temporoioídea. O exame endoscópico das bolsas guturais mostrou alteração de contorno da bula timpânica esquerda e aumento de volume da extremidade proximal do osso estiloióide do mesmo lado.A 22-year-old gelding showed vestibular syndrome associated with left facial nerve paralysis due to temporohyoid osteoarthropathy and the diagnostic was confirmed by guttural pouch endoscopic examination. The exam revealed abnormal contour of the left tympanic bulla and an enlargement of the proximal part of the left stylohyoid bone.

Análisis de la eficiencia técnica y su relación con los resultados de la evaluación de desempeño en una Universidad chilena

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Hernán Cáceres V.

2014-09-01

Full Text Available La preocupación por el uso eficiente de los recursos y la maximización de la contribución a la sociedad, de parte de las instituciones de educación superior, está cada vez más presente en el debate nacional. Así, el objetivo de esta investigación se centra en la medición de la eficiencia técnica de las Unidades Académicas de una Universidad chilena utilizando el método de Análisis Envolvente de Datos (DEA. Se establece un marco metodológico que se adapta a la disponibilidad de información y a la tecnología productiva de la institución, aplicando procedimientos que permiten la reducción de variables a una cantidad apropiada para que los resultados del DEA sean confiables, y condiciones de borde para atender a los objetivos supuestos para la Universidad y no sólo a los de sus Unidades. Además, se plantean cursos de acción para la mejora de la eficiencia. Luego, los resultados se contrastan con el instrumento de evaluación de actividad académica que en la actualidad posee la Universidad. Como conclusión se identifica discordancia entre ambos resultados, estableciéndose las modificaciones que se debieran hacer por parte de la Universidad en sus instrumentos de evaluación hacia la mejora de la eficiencia, lo que es aplicable a otras instituciones de educación superior chilenas y latinoamericanas.

POST CONFLICTO Y ACUERDOS DE PAZ EN COLOMBIA ¿SI UN DÍA DECIDIMOS PREPARARNOS PARA LA GUERRA, PORQUE NO EDUCARNOS PARA LA PAZ?

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Jairo Alexander Martínez Salgado

2017-07-01

Full Text Available El estado colombiano ha presentado por décadas un conflicto armado, el cual ha sido evidenciado, en un sin número de hostilidades, violaciones de derechos humanos y conductas reprochables desde todo punto de vista por la sociedad, ocasionando victimas en diferentes escenarios y circunstancias , donde las instituciones del estado se han visto en la necesidad de priorizar sus funciones específicamente en la neutralización del conflicto; es así como la Policía Nacional de Colombia realizando un papel preponderante, busca la manera de mantener , a través del mandato constitucional la convivencia y seguridad ciudadana llegando a escenarios y lugares recónditos, tomando en ocasiones la responsabilidad de actuar frente al mismo conflicto lo cual ha requerido de una preparación especial, pero ahora que se ha dado un proceso de negoción con las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC- EP lográndose un cese al fuego y hostilidades, sería supremamente importante educar al cuerpo armado permanente de naturaleza civil (Policía Nacional en el mantenimiento, operación y edificación de la paz lo cual permitirá a la institución ser un referente a nivel mundial en la consolidación de este tipo de procesos.

Efficiency Analysis of Islamic Banks in the Middle East and North Africa Region: A Bootstrap DEA Approach

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Raéf Bahrini

2017-02-01

Full Text Available This paper measures and analyzes the technical efficiency of Islamic banks in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA region during the period 2007–2012. To do this, the bootstrap Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA approach was employed in order to provide a robust estimation of the overall technical efficiency and its components: pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency in the case of MENA Islamic banks. The main results show that over the period of study, pure technical inefficiency was the main source of overall technical inefficiency instead of scale inefficiency. This finding was confirmed for all MENA Islamic banks as well as for the two subsamples: Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC and non-GCC Islamic banks. Furthermore, our results show that GCC Islamic banks had stable efficiency scores during the global financial crisis (2007–2008 and in the early post-crisis period (2009–2010. However, a decline in overall technical efficiency of all panels of MENA Islamic banks was recorded in the last two years of the study period (2011–2012. Thus, we recommend that MENA Islamic bank managers focus more on improving their management practices rather than increasing their sizes. We also recommend that financial authorities in MENA countries implement several regulatory and financial measures in order to ensure the development of MENA Islamic banking.

Input-Output Analysis for Sustainability by Using DEA Method: A Comparison Study between European and Asian Countries

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Wen-Hsien Tsai

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Policymakers around the world are confronted with the challenge of balancing between economic development and environmental friendliness, which entails a robust set of measures in energy efficiency and environmental protection. The increasing complexity of these issues has imposed pressure on the Asian countries that have been acting as global factories. This paper proposes a meta-frontier slacks-based measure (SBM data envelopment analysis (DEA model, with the hope that policymakers clarify the relationship between labor force, energy consumption, government expenditures, GDP, and CO2 emissions. Clarification of the causal relationship can serve as a template for policy decisions and ease concerns regarding the potential adverse effects of carbon reduction and energy efficiency on the economy. The results show: (1 Developing countries should establish their own climate change governance and policy frameworks; (2 Developed economies should seek to lower carbon emissions; (3 Energy policies play a pivotal role in energy efficiency improvement; (4 Top-down efforts are critical for the success of carbon reduction policies; (5 Learning from the success of developed countries helps to improve the effectiveness of energy policies; (6 Environmental policies should be formulated, and new production technologies, pollution prevention measures, and treatment methods should be introduced; (7 Governments are suggested to build long-term independent management institutions to promote energy cooperation and exchange.

Micropropagación de Cattleya quadricolor

OpenAIRE

Cadavid Correa, Isabel Cristina; Salazar Andrade, Sandra

2008-01-01

Se investigó la influencia del medio de cultivo MS (1962) a diferentes concentraciones finales para evaluar la formación del cuerpo protocórmico y la adición de agua de coco, jugo de piña y ANA para la formación de raíces. El material vegetal utilizado se obtuvo por donación de un coleccionista de orquídeas perteneciente a La Sociedad Colombiana de Orquideología. Las cápsulas de Cattleya quadricolor en estado de madurez se desinfectaron con hipoclorito de sodio al 2%, durante 3 minutos con do...

Límites del deseo: incesto y familia en El lenguaje de las orquídeas de Adriana González Mateos

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Anca Koczkas

2018-02-01

Full Text Available This article employs Igor Primoratz’s ethics of sexuality to analyze the incestuous relationship between a thirteen year old girl and her uncle in the novel El lenguaje the las orquídeas (2007, by Adriana González Mateos. My critical inquiry starts with a basic question: What hides behind the multiple ways in which incest is represented here? The obvious answer would be: the disintegration of the family. By analogy, if the family falls apart, so does the whole country. The Mexican nation here, as Doris Summers would say, no longer needs incest to consolidate itself, perhaps because this concept is undergoing profound transformations. Due to continuous social and cultural shifts, as well as the profound mark feminist and gay liberation movements have left on the Mexican society, the novel discussed here posits a new vision of incest. One that leaves behind the pater familias in order to reveal the growing importance of women in society and their role in the formation (or disintegration for that matter of the family nucleus.

DEA模型视阈下高校战略管理理论的构建%Construction of the Strategic Management Theory for Universities Based on DEA Model

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

李正元; 胡德鑫

2014-01-01

高校战略管理理论引入我国始于20世纪80年代，随后在我国高等教育管理研究领域迅速流行开来。高校战略管理理论是随着我国多元文化相互交织的背景下产生的，是高等教育大众化、市场化、国际化的产物。 Data Envelopment Analysis（简称DEA）模型依赖线性规划技术并以效率为基础用于经济定量分析，成为高等教育投入产出评价的有效手段，其应用到高校战略管理领域中可以对高校之间的相对有效性作出评价，为高校战略管理理论的构建提供有益的理论支撑。%The introduction of strategic management theory for universities began in the 1980s in China.The research in the field of higher education management quickly became popular. The strategic management theory of university is intertwined with our multiculturalism and the production of higher education ,marketization and internationalization. DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis ) model relies on linear programming techniques and eco-nomic efficiency as the basis for quantitative analysis of higher education ,has become an effective means of input-output assessment. DEA model applied to colleges and universities in the field of strategic management strategy can provide useful theoretical support for strategic management theory for universities.

Ressuscitação cardiopulmonar com a utilização do desfibrilador externo semi-automático: avaliação do processo ensino-aprendizagem Resucitador cardiopulmonar con utilización del disfibrilador externo semiautomático: evaluación del proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje Cardiopulmonary resuscitation with semi-automated external defibrillator: assessment of the teaching-learning process

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Ana Maria Kazue Miyadahira

2008-09-01

Full Text Available Estudos demonstram que a sobrevida após uma parada cardíaca diminui 10% para cada minuto de atraso na desfibrilação, e que a taxa de sobrevivência é de 98% quando ela é conseguida em 30 segundos. No atendimento de uma parada cardíaca, é primordial que seja incluído no treinamento a utilização dos desfibriladores externos semi-automáticos (DEA. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a Habilidade Psicomotora e o Conhecimento Teórico de leigos na técnica da ressuscitação cardiopulmonar (RCP utilizando o DEA, antes e após treinamento. A amostra constituiu-se de 40 funcionários administrativos de uma instituição pública que receberam treinamento da técnica da RCP, utilizando o DEA, em laboratório. O aumento significativo de acertos nos itens do instrumento de avaliação da Habilidade Psicomotora e do Conhecimento Teórico, após o treinamento, indica que houve melhora no desempenho dos participantes.Los estudios demuestran que la sobrevida después de un paro cardíaco disminuye el 10% por cada minuto de atraso en la desfibrilación y que la tasa de supervivencia es del 98% cuando se consigue en 30 segundos. En la atención de un paro cardíaco es primordial que se incluya en la capacitación la utilización de los desfibriladores externos semi-automáticos (DEA. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar la Habilidad Psicomotora y el Conocimiento Teórico de legos en la técnica de la resucitación cardiopulmonar (RCP utilizando el DEA, antes y después de la capacitación. La muestra estuvo formada por 40 empleados administrativos de una institución pública que recibieron capitación en la técnica de RCP, utilizando el DEA, en laboratorio. El aumento significativo de aciertos en los ítems del instrumento de evaluación de la habilidad Psicomotora y del Conocimiento teórico, después de la capacitación, indica que hubo mejora en el desempeño de los participantes para realizar la RCP con el uso del DEA.Studies demonstrate

Partner Selection in Supply Chain of Vietnam’s Textile and Apparel Industry: The Application of a Hybrid DEA and GM (1,1 Approach

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Chia-Nan Wang

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Vietnam is currently among the top-five textile and apparel exporters, and the industry is considered quite attractive to foreign investors. Nevertheless, the global textile and garment industry is experiencing important changes. The three main producing regions in the world are China, Southwest Asia (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Turkey, and ASEAN. In order to maintain its positioning and to establish stable and sustainable Vietnam textile and apparel development, there must be radical changes. Due to this necessity, the authors conducted this study by using grey forecasting to predict and reflect the condition of businesses in the period of 2017–2020, together with combining a DEA model to help businesses select the most appropriate strategic partner in the supply chain in order to achieve economic goals and promote the strength of the businesses partaking in the association. Besides, this helps businesses exploit market opportunities and take advantage of the capabilities of the textile and apparel industry.

Incisão periauricular para operações da glândula parótida Periauricular incision for surgical procedures on the parotid gland

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Andy Petroianu

2010-12-01

Full Text Available RACIONAL: As incisões mais comuns para parotidectomia consistem em abertura pré ou periauricular prolongadas para a região submandibular ou cervical. Elas podem acompanhar-se de cicatrizes imperfeitas, provocando deformidades cutâneas locais. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o tratamento de afecções cirúrgicas parotídeas através de incisão periauricular apenas. MÉTODO: Foram estudados 39 pacientes consecutivos com moléstias da parótida. Adenoma pleomórfico (20 casos foi a afecção mais encontrada, seguida por outros tumores benignos (9 casos, carcinomas (5 casos, cisto parotídeo (3 casos e parotidite crônica (2 casos. Todas as parotidectomias foram realizadas através de incisão periauricular. Em presença de carcinoma, a linfadenectomia cervical foi conduzida por meio de incisão cervical transversa supra-hióidea homolateral. RESULTADO: A remoção da afecção parotídea foi possível em todos os casos sem incisão cutânea complementar. Todas as cicatrizes tiveram bom resultado estético e, após seis meses, elas estavam quase imperceptíveis. Os pacientes revelaram satisfação com o resultado da operação. Fraqueza facial temporária ocorreu em 28 operações. Desconforto auricular transitório foi registrado em 22 pacientes. Todos tiveram hipoestesia da região operada, que perdurou por até seis meses. As complicações encontradas neste trabalho estão descritas na literatura como esperadas em parotidectomia, independentemente do tipo de incisão. CONCLUSÃO: A incisão periauricular é opção boa e estética para abordagem cirúrgica da glândula parótida.BACKGROUND: The most common incisions for parotidectomy consist of opening or pre periauricular extended to the submandibular or cervical region. They can accompany themselves ragged scars, causing local skin deformities. AIM: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the treatment of parotid surgical diseases using periauricular incision. METHOD: Thirty nine patients with

Gênero e tendências contemporâneas: uma análise do Seminário Internacional "Desfazendo Gênero" = Gender and contemporary trends: an analysis of the international seminar "Undoing gender"

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Costa, Thaysi Cruz da

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho objetiva analisar como vem se dando, contemporaneamente, a discussão sobre a categoria gênero. Para tanto, buscou-se fazer uma análise das produções publicadas nos anais do Seminário Internacional Desfazendo Gênero, realizado em 2013 em Natal (RN. Esse evento objetivou discutir a categoria gênero e, como próprio nome sugere, “desconstruir/desfazer o gênero”. Ou seja, percebe-se a influência da Teoria Queer na concepção do encontro a partir do próprio título. O critério estabelecido para a escolha da amostra foi priorizar comunicações orais em que contivesse a palavra “gênero” em seu título, tendo em vista que é o foco da nossa discussão. Foram analisados 51 trabalhos e verificou-se a predominância de análises ligadas à Teoria Queer. Nesses estudos, baseados em perspectivas subjetivistas, há, a nosso ver, uma valorização excessiva do discurso, incentivando o individualismo e a superficialidade, favorecendo, portanto, a ordem do capital

Elites técnicas, Estado e desenvolvimento regional em Minas Gerais na Era Vargas

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Daniel Henrique Diniz Barbosa

Full Text Available Este texto aborda o processo de desenvolvimento regional encetado em Minas Gerais, com particular ênfase na participação do corpo técnico regional ao longo das décadas de 1930 e 1940. Trata-se de um período de relevantes transformações no âmbito do poder público, sobretudo no tocante ao papel desempenhado pela ideologia e prática do planejamento e intervencionismo do Estado na esfera econômica, o que permitiu, no caso mineiro, a ascensão da categoria profissional do engenheiro às arenas decisórias do Estado, com repercussão na elaboração e tentativa de implantação de projetos voltados para o desenvolvimento econômico regional, notadamente nas áreas de agricultura e siderurgia. Este texto priorizará, para tanto, dois grupos específicos dentre essa elite técnica mineira: os ex-alunos da Escola de Minas de Ouro Preto e os alunos e professores da Escola Superior de Agricultura e Veterinária, de Viçosa.

Cuando lo educativo es político

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María Victoria Martin

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Entre las bases de la Modernidad, encontramos el espacio público como lugar de construcción de ciudadanía y la escuela como dispositivo central para nuclear a los ciudadanos en torno a un proyecto en común. Sin embargo, más de un siglo después de que se instalara la obligatoriedad de la educación en nuestro país mediante la ley 1420, el principio homogeneizador de las instituciones educativas de los Estados nacionales mostró que dejaba por fuera grandes porciones de población. Frente a esto, en la década pasada se gestaron nuevos espacios formativos que buscan priorizar las posibilidades de cambio y que entienden a la educación como instancia política de participación y expresión de los sujetos. Este artículo reflexiona sobre las nociones de espacio público, la relación política-educación y el cambio social articulando estas ideas para concluir con una aproximación a prácticas de comunicación-educación en el partido de Quilmes.

Medición de la eficiencia relativa en tres subsectores de la economía colombiana desde 1993 a 1999 utilizando Data Envelopment Analysis (D.E.A.

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Gloria Isabel Rodríguez Lozano

2003-06-01

Full Text Available Mediante la metodología del Data Envelopment Analysis (D.E.A, la cual permite determinar el desempeño relativo de distintas unidades organizacionales ante la presencia de múltiples entradas y salidas, el presente artículo desarrolla el estudio de tres subsectores de la economía Colombiana entre 1993 y 1999, estableciendo el desempeño comparativo entre diferentes empresas de un mismo sector, determinando de esta manera cuáles de ellas hacen el mejor uso de sus recursos. Así mismo, se identifican características de la eficiencia que no serían consideradas bajo el esquema del cálculo de razones financieras, demostrando que las empresas con mejores márgenes operacionales y/o netos, no son necesariamente las más eficientes.

COLLABORATIVE ELEARNING: AN ACADEMIC EXPERIENCE BETWEEN THE UNIVERSITY OF COSTA RICA AND THE UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS

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Allen Quesada Pacheco

2011-01-01

Full Text Available El crecimiento continuo del acceso a la Internet, a nivel mundial, está mejorando rápidamente el aprendizaje internacional colaborativo en línea. La Universidad de Kansas (KU y la Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR están desarrollando estrategias de aprendizaje en línea para establecer relaciones significativas. El equipo está investigando: (1 la integración de la tecnología y la pedagogía de enseñanza para enriquecer la interacción social y el aprendizaje, (2 la integración de estrategias y tecnologías para incorporar a los estudiantes en actividades de colaboración acerca de temas de interés común, (3 entender cómo la calidad de la relaciones sociales pueden mejorar el aprendizaje, y (4 los eventos y barreras internacionales relacionadas con la implementación de los cursos académicos, certificaciones y programas entre instituciones internacionales. Nuestro análisis indica que los estudiantes colaboran más activamente cuando tienen encuentros reales en teleconferencias y no simplemente con la interacción asíncrona o discusiones en línea para los proyectos colaborativos. Los participantes reportan que las estrategias, que facilitan las actividades iniciando con problemas claramente establecidos y con objetivos alcanzables, tales como localizar y priorizar los recursos mas importantes de la Internet, contribuyen a enriquecer las colaboraciones.

Diabetes gestacional na perspectiva de mulheres grávidas hospitalizadas

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Márcio Flávio Moura Araújo

Full Text Available Estudo qualitativo fenomenológico, que teve como objetivo compreender o significado das experiências vivenciadas por mulheres com diabetes mellitus gestacional. Participaram 12 pacientes internadas em uma maternidade de Fortaleza-CE, Brasil, que manifestaram seus sentimentos e percepções por meio de entrevista aberta e desenhos. O material empírico foi transcrito na íntegra e, posteriormente, organizado e analisado pelo método fenomenológico. Os resultados evidenciaram dois temas: (1 Vivenciando experiências que trazem felicidade e bem-estar e (2 Vivenciando experiências que provocam sofrimento. Este estudo fenomenológico, ao possibilitar apreender a experiência das mulheres com diabetes mellitus gestacional, contribui para o planejamento e a implementação de programas de intervenção baseados em um modelo de saúde participativo, com vistas a priorizar os aspectos subjetivos envolvidos na gravidez de risco.

Diabetes gestacional na perspectiva de mulheres grávidas hospitalizadas

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Márcio Flávio Moura Araújo

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Estudo qualitativo fenomenológico, que teve como objetivo compreender o significado das experiências vivenciadas por mulheres com diabetes mellitus gestacional. Participaram 12 pacientes internadas em uma maternidade de Fortaleza-CE, Brasil, que manifestaram seus sentimentos e percepções por meio de entrevista aberta e desenhos. O material empírico foi transcrito na íntegra e, posteriormente, organizado e analisado pelo método fenomenológico. Os resultados evidenciaram dois temas: (1 Vivenciando experiências que trazem felicidade e bem-estar e (2 Vivenciando experiências que provocam sofrimento. Este estudo fenomenológico, ao possibilitar apreender a experiência das mulheres com diabetes mellitus gestacional, contribui para o planejamento e a implementação de programas de intervenção baseados em um modelo de saúde participativo, com vistas a priorizar os aspectos subjetivos envolvidos na gravidez de risco.

Língua natural: enfoque sociolingüístico

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Devino João Zambonim

2001-02-01

Full Text Available

A microlingüística, em suas diferentes tendências teóricas e metodológicas, preocupa- se, basicamente, em descrever, analisar e explicar a estrutura e o funcionamento da língua em sua unidade. Ao priorizar os elementos internos, em suas oposições funcionais, vê a língua como sistema autônomo e que só conhece sua própria ordem. Relega, conscientemente, as variedades, considerando-as livres e sem importância ao que se propõe. A sociolinguística ressalta o papel dos fatores sócio-cuüurais na produção e manutenção de variáveis em suas causas e funções. Apresenta-se como possível caminho para se desenvolver um sistema conceituai que integre estruturas lingüísticas com estruturas sociais.

Integrated DEA Models and Grey System Theory to Evaluate Past-to-Future Performance: A Case of Indian Electricity Industry

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Chia-Nan; Tran, Thanh-Tuyen

2015-01-01

The growth of economy and population together with the higher demand in energy has created many concerns for the Indian electricity industry whose capacity is at 211 gigawatts mostly in coal-fired plants. Due to insufficient fuel supply, India suffers from a shortage of electricity generation, leading to rolling blackouts; thus, performance evaluation and ranking the industry turn into significant issues. By this study, we expect to evaluate the rankings of these companies under control of the Ministry of Power. Also, this research would like to test if there are any significant differences between the two DEA models: Malmquist nonradial and Malmquist radial. Then, one advance model of MPI would be chosen to see these companies' performance in recent years and next few years by using forecasting results of Grey system theory. Totally, the realistic data 14 are considered to be in this evaluation after the strict selection from the whole industry. The results found that all companies have not shown many abrupt changes on their scores, and it is always not consistently good or consistently standing out, which demonstrated the high applicable usability of the integrated methods. This integrated numerical research gives a better “past-present-future” insights into performance evaluation in Indian electricity industry. PMID:25821854

Integrated DEA models and grey system theory to evaluate past-to-future performance: a case of Indian electricity industry.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Chia-Nan; Nguyen, Nhu-Ty; Tran, Thanh-Tuyen

2015-01-01

The growth of economy and population together with the higher demand in energy has created many concerns for the Indian electricity industry whose capacity is at 211 gigawatts mostly in coal-fired plants. Due to insufficient fuel supply, India suffers from a shortage of electricity generation, leading to rolling blackouts; thus, performance evaluation and ranking the industry turn into significant issues. By this study, we expect to evaluate the rankings of these companies under control of the Ministry of Power. Also, this research would like to test if there are any significant differences between the two DEA models: Malmquist nonradial and Malmquist radial. Then, one advance model of MPI would be chosen to see these companies' performance in recent years and next few years by using forecasting results of Grey system theory. Totally, the realistic data 14 are considered to be in this evaluation after the strict selection from the whole industry. The results found that all companies have not shown many abrupt changes on their scores, and it is always not consistently good or consistently standing out, which demonstrated the high applicable usability of the integrated methods. This integrated numerical research gives a better "past-present-future" insights into performance evaluation in Indian electricity industry.

Hong Kong Hospital Authority resource efficiency evaluation: Via a novel DEA-Malmquist model and Tobit regression model.

Science.gov (United States)

Guo, Hainan; Zhao, Yang; Niu, Tie; Tsui, Kwok-Leung

2017-01-01

The Hospital Authority (HA) is a statutory body managing all the public hospitals and institutes in Hong Kong (HK). In recent decades, Hong Kong Hospital Authority (HKHA) has been making efforts to improve the healthcare services, but there still exist some problems like unfair resource allocation and poor management, as reported by the Hong Kong medical legislative committee. One critical consequence of these problems is low healthcare efficiency of hospitals, leading to low satisfaction among patients. Moreover, HKHA also suffers from the conflict between limited resource and growing demand. An effective evaluation of HA is important for resource planning and healthcare decision making. In this paper, we propose a two-phase method to evaluate HA efficiency for reducing healthcare expenditure and improving healthcare service. Specifically, in Phase I, we measure the HKHA efficiency changes from 2000 to 2013 by applying a novel DEA-Malmquist index with undesirable factors. In Phase II, we further explore the impact of some exogenous factors (e.g., population density) on HKHA efficiency by Tobit regression model. Empirical results show that there are significant differences between the efficiencies of different hospitals and clusters. In particular, it is found that the public hospital serving in a richer district has a relatively lower efficiency. To a certain extent, this reflects the socioeconomic reality in HK that people with better economic condition prefers receiving higher quality service from the private hospitals.

Efficiency of the supply chain collaborative technological innovation in China: An empirical study based on DEA analysis

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Huaping Zhang

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Purpose: This paper is an attempt to investigate the current issues and development of the supply chain collaborative technological innovation in China. Design/methodology/approach: DEA is employed to measure the efficiency of the supply chain collaborative technological innovation. Findings: From the results of this research, we can get the conclusion that there are big spaces for improvement for the selected companies in terms of supply chain collaborative technological innovation, especially in the collaborative benefit aspect. The efficiencies of the supply chain collaborative technological innovation in the selected companies vary a lot. Research limitations: More industries are needed to generalize the conclusions. Practical implications: Our practical recommendations for improving supply chain companies in terms of improving their collaborative technological innovation efficiency are: (1 expanding the cooperative scope; (2 optimizing the collaboration operations; (3 improving the compactness in supply chain; (4 increasing the innovation input; and (5 improving the knowledge exchange capacity. Originality/value: The evaluation and the measure of the efficiency of performance of the collaborative technological innovation both in theory and in practice have been proven to be very important and quite complex, and there have been limited researches in the current literature. From observations, however, the efficiency of supply chain collaborative technological innovation is relatively low. This research investigates the current issues and development of the supply chain collaborative technological innovation in China, and provides the guideline in terms of improving the efficiency of supply chain collaborative technological innovation.

Serie: Madera para construcción Acabados para madera

OpenAIRE

Sáenz-Muñoz, Marta; Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica

2012-01-01

Durante mucho tiempo, la madera ha sido utilizada como material de construcción para resolver principalmente objetivos estructurales; sin embargo, actualmente, el uso de la madera ha tomado mucho auge en la estética de las construcciones, para brindar apariencia y calidez. En la actualidad, el mercado ofrece una amplia gama productos para dar diversos “acabados” a la madera, los cuales sirven para resaltar la belleza de algunas de ellas, realzar características como el color y la veta, o bien...

PROMOÇÃO DA SAÚDE E POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DO ÁLCOOL NO BRASIL: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DA LITERATURA

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Suzana de Oliveira Mangueira

2015-04-01

Full Text Available O uso nocivo de álcool é um grave problema de saúde pública que traz consequências negativas para o indivíduo, a família e a sociedade. O estudo teve como objetivo investigar a inserção da promoção da saúde no contexto das políticas públicas do álcool no Brasil. Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa da literatura e foram selecionados quatro documentos oficiais e quinze artigos para análise. Os critérios de inclusão foram: ser artigo completo de pesquisa; estar publicado nos idiomas português, inglês ou espanhol; estar disponível eletronicamente e abordar a temática em estudo. As políticas públicas do álcool abordam a promoção da saúde de modo ainda pontual, com estratégias direcionadas à redução de danos. A literatura ressalta a necessidade de reformulação das políticas públicas do álcool de forma a priorizar a promoção da saúde e a assistência nos diversos níveis de atenção à saúde para grupos vulneráveis, tais como mulheres, adolescentes e indígenas.

A LEITURA ACADÊMICA NA FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE: DIFICULDADES E POSSIBILIDADES

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Antônio Lailton Moraes Duarte

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo objetiva refletir sobre a importância da leitura para formação docente no tocante a aspectos relacionados à frequência, aos objetivos e aos interesses de leitura acadêmica. Para tanto, fundamentamo-nos, principalmente, nas obras de Kramer (2002, Cavalcante Jr. (2005a,b, Freire (1993 e Matêncio (1994. Para sua execução, contamos com a participação de alunos de um curso de Pedagogia, matriculados em uma disciplina do sétimo semestre da Universidade Estadual do Ceará. Os estudantes preencheram um questionário com questões relacionadas ao seu perfil-leitor e às dificuldades e possibilidades de leitura acadêmica na universidade. Os resultados demonstram que a leitura de textos acadêmicos deve ser um componente para que os alunos possam obter novos aprendizados. Além do mais, a leitura acadêmica de textos que relacionam teoria e prática deve ser constante para que o futuro profissional possa basear, conforme Farias (2009, a sua ação docente no conhecimento elaborado e na realidade dada a fim de formar habilidades interlocutivas na leitura. Assim, os professores universitários devem priorizar textos do interesse dos alunos para que estes possam lê-los estabelecendo seus objetivos de leitura e também percebendo laços com sua prática profissional, uma vez que o uso frequente de procedimentos metacognitivos são exigidos durante a leitura de textos acadêmicos.Palavras-chave: Leitura; formação de professores; discurso acadêmico.

Assessment of productivity of hospitals in Botswana: a DEA application.

Science.gov (United States)

Tlotlego, Naomi; Nonvignon, Justice; Sambo, Luis G; Asbu, Eyob Z; Kirigia, Joses M

2010-11-05

Botswana national health policy states that the Ministry of Health shall from time to time review and revise its organization and management structures to respond to new developments and challenges in order to achieve and sustain a high level of efficiency in the provision of health care. Even though the government clearly views assuring efficiency in the health sector as one of its leadership and governance responsibilities, to date no study has been undertaken to measure the technical efficiency of hospitals which consume the majority of health sector resources. The specific objectives of this study were to quantify the technical and scale efficiency of hospitals in Botswana, and to evaluate changes in productivity over a three year period in order to analyze changes in efficiency and technology use. DEAP software was used to analyze technical efficiency along with the DEA-based Malmquist productivity index which was applied to a sample of 21 non-teaching hospitals in the Republic of Botswana over a period of three years (2006 to 2008). The analysis revealed that 16 (76.2 percent), 16 (76.2 percent) and 13 (61.9 percent) of the 21 hospitals were run inefficiently in 2006, 2007 and 2008, with average variable returns to scale (VRS) technical efficiency scores of 70.4 percent, 74.2 percent and 76.3 percent respectively. On average, Malmquist Total Factor Productivity (MTFP) decreased by 1.5 percent. Whilst hospital efficiency increased by 3.1 percent, technical change (innovation) regressed by 4.5 percent. Efficiency change was thus attributed to an improvement in pure efficiency of 4.2 percent and a decline in scale efficiency of 1 percent. The MTFP change was the highest in 2008 (MTFP = 1.008) and the lowest in 2007 (MTFP = 0.963). The results indicate significant inefficiencies within the sample for the years under study. In 2008, taken together, the inefficient hospitals would have needed to increase the number of outpatient visits by 117627 (18 percent) and

Para-bosons and Para-fermions in Quantum Mechanics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cattani, M.S.D.; Fernandes, N.C.

1982-01-01

Within the framework of the ordinary quantum mechanics, a detailed study of the energy eigenfunctions of N identical particles using the irreducible representations of the permutation group in the Hilbert space is performed. It is shown that the para-states, as occurs with the boson and fermion states, are compatible with the postulates of quantum mechanics and with the principle of indistinguishability. A mathematical support for the existence of para-bosons and para-fermions is given. Gentile's quantum statistics is, in a certain sense, justified. (Author) [pt

Measuring the efficiency of Palestinian public hospitals during 2010-2015: an application of a two-stage DEA method.

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Sultan, Wasim I M; Crispim, José

2018-05-29

While health needs and expenditure in the Occupied Palestinian Territories (OPT) are growing, the international donations are declining and the economic situation is worsening. The purpose of this paper is twofold, to evaluate the productive efficiency of public hospitals in West Bank and to study contextual factors contributing to efficiency differences. This study examined technical efficiency among 11 public hospitals in West Bank from 2010 through 2015 targeting a total of 66 observations. Nationally representative data were extracted from the official annual health reports. We applied input-oriented Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models to estimate efficiency scores. To elaborate further on performance, we used Tobit regression to identify contextual factors whose impact on inefficient performance is statistically significant. Despite the increase in efficiency mean scores by 4% from 2010 to 2015, findings show potential savings of 14.5% of resource consumption without reducing the volume of the provided services. The significant Tobit model showed four predictors explaining the inefficient performance of a hospital (p public hospitals in the OPT. Our work identified their efficiency levels for potential improvements and the determinants of efficient performance. Based on the measurement of efficiency, the generated information may guide hospitals' managers, policymakers, and international donors improving the performance of the main national healthcare provider. The scope of this study is limited to public hospitals in West Bank. For a better understanding of the Palestinian market, further research on private hospitals and hospitals in Gaza Strip will be useful.