Eficacia de dos fitasas bacterianas en la liberación de fósforo en dietas para pollos de engorda en crecimiento

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María Liliana Diosdado Espinoza

2017-04-01

Full Text Available La eficacia de dos fitasas (Citrobacter brakii y E. Coli utilizadas en diferentes dosis (500 y 1,000 FTU se evaluaron en una dieta deficiente en fósforo (0.15% P disponible formulada a base de sorgo-soya. Para la estimación de la eficacia en la liberación de P de las fitasas evaluadas se utilizó como referencia fósforo inorgánico suplementado a través de fosfato monodicálcico (FMD, para alcanzar una concentración final de P disponible de 0.23, 0.31 y 0.39 %. Para lo anterior la dieta basal deficiente en P se suplementó como sigue: 1 sin fitasas, sin FMD; 2 0.08% FMD; 3 0.16% FMD; 4 0.24% PMD; 5 citrobacter-500 FTU; 6 coli-500 FTU; 7 citrobacter-1,000 FTU y 8 coli-1,000 FTU. Los tratamientos se aplicaron a 216 pollos de la estirpe Ross (27 pollos/tratamiento de los 7 a 21 días de edad. La ganancia de peso, eficiencia alimenticia y concentración de ceniza y P en tibias fue mayor en los pollos que recibieron 0.39% PMD y los 1,000 FTU de ambas fitasas, no existiendo diferencias en estos niveles entre los tratamientos FMD y fitasas. La cantidad de fósforo liberado no se afectó (P>0.05 por el tipo de fitasa (promedio 0.142 %, pero sí por el nivel de fitasa utilizado (0.102 vs 0.182 % para 500 y 1,000 FTU respectivamente. Los resultados indican que la suplementación con 1,000 FTU/kg de ambas fitasas en dietas deficientes en P resulta en ganancias y eficiencias alimenticias similares cuando las dietas se suplementan hasta 0.24 % de FMD. Ambas fitasas mejoraron en 78.4 % el aprovechamiento del fósforo fítico en dietas sorgo-soya para pollos en crecimiento.

Desempenho de bovinos jovens alimentados com dietas contendo grão úmido de milho ou sorgo Performance of young cattle fed diets with high moisture corn or sorghum

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Mauricio Scoton Igarasi

2008-03-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se com este estudo verificar diferenças no desempenho de animais jovens alimentados com dietas contendo grão úmido de milho ou sorgo. Utilizaram-se dois tratamentos experimentais, nos quais a dieta total possuía, como ingrediente energético principal, grão úmido de milho (TMU ou grão úmido de sorgo (TSU. Noventa novilhos inteiros F1 Red Angus ´ Nelore, com 8 meses de idade e 240 kg de peso vivo médio inicial, foram alimentados durante 172 dias e divididos nos dois tratamentos, segundo delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Não foi verificada diferença para ganho de peso diário, ganho de peso total e peso final de abate. Com relação à carcaça, a área de olho-de-lombo, a espessura de gordura subcutânea e a espessura de gordura na garupa também não diferiram estatisticamente entre os tratamentos. Concluiu-se que a substituição integral do TMU pelo TSU não alterou o desempenho de bovinos jovens em confinamento.The differences on performance of young cattle fed diets with high moisture corn or sorghum were evaluated in two treatments, where the main energy source of the total diet was composed of high moisture corn (HMC or sorghum (HMS. Ninety Angus ´ Nelore crossbred young bulls, averaging 8 month of age and 240 kg BW and fed during 172 days were allotted to two experimental treatments as a completely randomized design. No treatment effect on average daily gain, total weight gain and slaughter final weight was observed. Regarding the carcass, ribeye area, subcutaneous fat thickness and rump fat thickness also did not differ between treatments. In conclusion, the totally replacement of high moisture corn by high moisture sorghum did not affect performance of feedlot young cattle.

PASTA for Proteins.

Science.gov (United States)

Collins, Kodi; Warnow, Tandy

2018-06-19

PASTA is a multiple sequence method that uses divide-and-conquer plus iteration to enable base alignment methods to scale with high accuracy to large sequence datasets. By default, PASTA included MAFFT L-INS-i; our new extension of PASTA enables the use of MAFFT G-INS-i, MAFFT Homologs, CONTRAlign, and ProbCons. We analyzed the performance of each base method and PASTA using these base methods on 224 datasets from BAliBASE 4 with at least 50 sequences. We show that PASTA enables the most accurate base methods to scale to larger datasets at reduced computational effort, and generally improves alignment and tree accuracy on the largest BAliBASE datasets. PASTA is available at https://github.com/kodicollins/pasta and has also been integrated into the original PASTA repository at https://github.com/smirarab/pasta. Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

Utilización de grano de sorgo y forraje de leñosas en la ceba porcina

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R Herrera

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar los indicadores productivos en cerdos de ceba con la sustitución del 30 % de la proteína bruta aportada por el concentrado comercial, mediante variantes de alimentación que incluyeron harina de sorgo (Sorghum bicolor y plantas forrajeras proteínicas (Morus alba y Tithonia diversifolia. La investigación se realizó en las áreas de producción de la Estación Experimental de Pastos y Forrajes «Indio Hatuey» y en ella se utilizaron 44 cerdos; estos se distribuyeron aleatoriamente en cuatro tratamientos experimentales con 11 cerdos cada uno y tenían un peso promedio inicial de 26 kg. El grupo control (C recibió solo concentrado comercial; el grupo concentrado-sorgo (C-S dispuso de 70 % de concentrado y 30 % de harina de sorgo; el grupo concentrado-sorgo-titonia (C-S-T recibió 70 % de concentrado, 20 % de harina de sorgo y 10 % de forraje fresco de titonia; y el grupo concentrado-sorgo-morera (C-S-M, 70 % de concentrado más 20 % de harina de sorgo y 10 % de forraje fresco de morera. Los incrementos de peso vivo, el consumo de alimentos y la conversión alimenticia se determinaron con una frecuencia quincenal. El experimento se detuvo a los 108 días, cuando los animales alcanzaron el peso de sacrificio. Las ganancias promedio acumuladas (g/animal/día de los grupos C (623 y C-S (625 mostraron diferencias significativas (P<0,01 con respecto a C-S-T (570 y C-S-M (524. La conversión alimenticia global (kg MS/kg de PV fue de 3,56 para C; 4,21 para C-S; 5,39 para C-S-T y 5,18 para C-S-M. Se concluye que la inclusión de la harina de sorgo como recurso energético y su combinación con forraje de plantas forrajeras proteínicas constituye una alternativa viable para la porcinocultura cubana

Consumo, digestibilidade e parâmetros ruminais em bovinos de corte alimentados com dietas contendo silagem de sorgo e pré-secado de capim-tifton 85 Intake, digestibility and ruminal parameters in beef cattle fed diets with sorghum silage and tifton 85 haylage

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Odilon Gomes Pereira

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Avaliaram-se o consumo e as digestibilidades total e parcial dos nutrientes, a eficiência microbiana, o balanço de nitrogênio, a taxa de passagem da digesta ruminal, o pH e a concentração de amônia ruminal em bovinos de corte alimentados com dietas contendo como fonte de volumoso pré-secado de capim-tifton 85 e silagem de sorgo nas seguintes proporções: 100:0; 68:32; 34:66 e 0:100, respectivamente, com base na MS. Foram utilizados quatro animais mestiços Holandês × Zebu (H × Z, fistulados no rúmen e abomaso, com peso médio de 364 kg, distribuídos em um quadrado latino 4 × 4. A relação volumoso:concentrado foi de 60:40, na base da MS. Os consumos de MS, MO, PB, carboidratos totais (CT, assim como as digestibilidades totais da PB, EE, CNF e FDN não foram influenciados pelas dietas, registrando-se valores médios de 6,01; 5,69; 0,76 e 4,64 kg/dia e 67,94; 82,42; 84,43 e 53,57%, respectivamente. Os consumos de EE, CNF, FDN e NDT e as digestibilidades aparentes totais da MS, MO e CT aumentaram linearmente com o incremento da proporção de silagem de sorgo no volumoso. As digestibilidades ruminais e intestinais de MS, CT, CNF e FDN não foram influenciadas pelas dietas. O pH não foi alterado pelos tempos de coleta nem pelas dietas. A concentração de amônia foi influenciada pelos tempos de coleta, estimando-se valor máximo de 13,14 mg/100 mL, às 2,90 horas após a alimentação. Para as dietas contendo 0; 32; 66 e 100% de silagem de sorgo no volumoso estimaram-se taxas de passagem da digesta ruminal da ordem de 4,10: 4,22; 4,27 e 5,30%/hora, respectivamente. A eficiência microbiana não foi afetada pelo nível de silagem de sorgo na dieta. O uso de silagem pré-secada de capim tifton 85 associada à silagem de sorgo mostrou-se uma boa alternativa de volumoso para bovinos de corte.The intake and the total and partial digestibility of nutrients, the microbial efficiency, the nitrogen balance, the passage rates of ruminal

Avaliação de parâmetros da biodigestão anaeróbia de dejetos de suínos alimentados com dietas à base de milho e sorgo Evaluation of anaerobic biodigestion parameters of swine waste fed with diets based on corn and sorghum

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Marco A. P. Orrico Júnior

2010-08-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a interferência da dieta à base de sorgo em substituição à de milho na composição e no tratamento dos dejetos. Foram utilizados 24 biodigestores batelada de bancada, dos quais 12 foram abastecidos com dejetos de suínos alimentados com dieta á base de milho, e o restante, com dieta á base de sorgo. A cada 30 dias foram esvaziados três biodigestores dentro de cada dieta, em um total de quatro tempos de retenção hidráulica (TRH 30; 60; 90 e 120 dias. Para avaliar a eficiência do processo de biodigestão anaeróbia, foram avaliadas as reduções de sólidos totais, sólidos voláteis totais, demanda química de oxigênio, demanda bioquímica de oxigênio, número mais provável (NMP de coliformes totais e termotolerantes, além dos potenciais de produção do biogás e metano. Os resultados mostraram que os dejetos dos suínos alimentados com dietas à base de sorgo apresentaram menor eficiência no processo, principalmente nos potenciais de produção de biogás e metano. Em média, os potenciais foram 8,6% menor (PThe aim of this work was to evaluate the interference of a diet based on sorghum in substitution of corn in the compound and treatment of waste. Twenty four batch digesters of bench with capacity of 12 liters, from which 12 were provided with swine waste that were fed with a diet base on corn and the others with a diet based on sorghum. At every 30 days, 3 digesters of each diet were emptied, in a total of 4 hydraulic retention times (HRT: 30; 60; 90 and 120 days. For evaluating the efficiency of anaerobic biodigestion process, reduction of total solids, total volatile solids, chemical demand of oxygen, biochemical demand of oxygen, the most probably number (NMP of total and thermo tolerant coliforms, besides potentials of biogas and methane production were evaluated. Results showed that swine waste that were fed with diets based on sorghum, presented a smaller efficiency of the

ENRIQUECIMIENTO DE HUEVOS CON ÁCIDOS GRASOS OMEGA-3 MEDIANTE LA SUPLEMENTACIÓN CON SEMILLA DE LINO (Linum usitatissimum EN LA DIETA

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Gonzalo Díaz

2009-04-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Enriquecer los huevos de gallina con ácidos grasos omega-3 (n-3 mediante la inclusión de semillas de lino en la dieta. Materiales y métodos. La dieta de las aves fue formulada con niveles de 0 (L0, 10 (L10, 15 (L15 y 20% (L20 de linaza. Se determinó la composición de ácidos grasos por cromatografía de gases y se evaluó la producción y calidad del huevo. Resultados. El porcentaje de producción de huevo fue superior en los grupos L0 y L15 (p<0.05 con 93,0 y 91,5% de producción comparada con 86,0 % en los grupos L10 y L20. La mejor conversión de alimento se presentó también en los grupos L0 y L15. Con la inclusión de semilla de lino, se incrementó el contenido de ácidos grasos n-3 desde 3,0 % en el grupo L0 hasta 12,6 % en el grupo L20, siendo los ácidos grasos n-3 á-linolénico (C18:3, n-3 y docosahexahenóico (DHA, C22:6, n-3 los hallados en mayor concentración. Con la inclusión de linaza en la dieta de las gallinas ponedoras se redujo el contenido de acido linoleico (C18:2n-6, lo cual resultó en una disminución en la relación n-6: n-3. Conclusiones. Con base en la evaluación económica se concluye que es posible enriquecer la yema de huevo de gallina hasta con un 10,1 % de ácidos grasos n-3 mediante la inclusión de un 15 % de linaza en la dieta de las gallinas, sin embargo, esto representó un sobrecosto de producción del 12%.

Características físicas y químicas del grano de sorgo: Relación con la degradación ruminal en bovinos

OpenAIRE

Montiel, M.D.; Elizalde, J.C.; Santini, F.; Giorda, L.

2011-01-01

Se estudió la relación entre las características físicas y químicas de diferentes híbridos de granos de sorgo y la degradabilidad in situ de la materia seca (MS), proteína bruta (PB) y almidón. Las características físicas (peso hectólitro, relación de molienda, porcentaje de flotación, densidad aparente) y químicas (taninos, PB y kafirinas) fueron relacionadas con la degradabilidad ruminal de los granos de sorgo para identificarlas como posibles predictoras de la misma. Se detectaron diferenc...

ESTUDIO COMPARATIVO DE PASTAS DE CEMENTO ADICIONADAS CON CATALIZADOR DE CRAQUEO CATALÍTICO USADO (FCC, Y METACAOLIN (MK

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Janneth Torres Agredo

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo es parte de un proyecto de investigación cuyo objetivo principal es evaluar el desempeño de un residuo de una refinería de petróleo, como adición al cemento Portland con el fin de establecer la viabilidad de su aplicación en materiales de construcción. Este residuo denominado catalizador usado a partir del proceso de craqueo catalítico (fcc procede de las unidades de ruptura catalítica en lecho fluido y está compuesto principalmente por sílice y alúmina. Se analizó la hidratación en pastas de cemento adicionadas con el fcc, y se hizo una comparación con la adición de metacaolín (mk. Para realizar el estudio, se prepararon pastas de cemento Portland Ordinario (opc, adicionadas en porcentajes del 10 y 20% de fcc y mk como reemplazo de cemento. La actividad puzolánica de las adiciones y el tipo de productos de hidratación se determinaron mediante las técnicas de difracción de rayos X (drx y del análisis termogravimétrico (tg/dtg. Como fases principales del proceso de hidratación en las pastas adicionadas con fcc se encontraron silicatos cálcicos hidratados (csh, aluminatos cálcicos hidratados (cah, y silico aluminatos cálcicos (cash, productos similares a los obtenidos en pastas adicionadas con metacaolín.

Variaciones en la dieta de universitarios gallegos (campus de Ourense) con relación al patrón cardioprotector de la dieta mediterránea

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Montserrat Míguez Bernárdez; Laura Castro Sobrino; Ashleigh Collins Greene; Julia de la Montaña Miguélez

2013-01-01

Diversos estudios epidemiológicos previos han postulado que una alta adecuación a la dieta Mediterránea está asociada con un menor riesgo cardiovascular, pero también se evidenciaron, en la literatura científica, cambios en los hábitos dietéticos de los países mediterráneos que ponen de manifiesto un alejamiento de los patrones mediterráneos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar las variaciones en la dieta de universitarios gallegos (Campus de Ourense), entre 2011 y 2013, con relación a l...

Avaliação da Silagem de Diferentes Híbridos de Sorgo (Sorghum bicolor, L. Moench por meio do Desempenho de Novilhos de Corte Confinados

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Neumann Mikael

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Este experimento foi conduzido com o objetivo de estudar os parâmetros relativos ao consumo de alimentos, ganho de peso, conversão alimentar e eficiência energética de novilhos de corte em confinamento, alimentados com quatro dietas contendo silagem de híbridos de sorgo de comportamento agronômico diferenciado: AGX-213 e AG-2002 (forrageiro, AGX-217 e AG-2005E (duplo propósito. Foram utilizados 48 novilhos com idade média de 19 meses e peso médio inicial de 316 kg. A relação volumoso:concentrado foi de 63:37, para todas as dietas testadas. Não houve interação entre fonte de volumoso e período de avaliação em confinamento. A silagem do híbrido AG-2005E propiciou maior consumo de matéria seca e energia digestível, ganho de peso médio diário e melhor conversão alimentar frente aos demais genótipos testados. A análise de contraste mostrou que a inclusão de silagens de sorgo forrageiro (AGX-213 e AG-2002 à dieta alimentar causou redução significativa de 8,84 e 12,11% no consumo voluntário de matéria seca e energia digestível, respectivamente, frente às silagens de sorgo de duplo propósito (AGX-217 e AG-2005E. Animais alimentados com silagem de sorgo com características de duplo propósito apresentaram maior ganho de peso médio diário (1,163 contra 0,943 kg e foram mais eficientes na transformação de matéria seca e energia digestível consumida em ganho de peso vivo (PV (7,65 contra 8,73 kg de MS/kg de PV e 19,76 contra 21,84 Mcal/kg de PV.

el almacenamiento del sorgo en México

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Samuel Rebollar Rebollar

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Con el objetivo de establecer alternativas enfocadas a programas de inventarios de sorgo en México, se usó un modelo de programación no lineal que incorpora características espaciales e intertemporales en el año 2000. Los resultados indican que si la producción y las importaciones de sorgo se hubieran realizado de manera óptima, la sociedad habría ganado un valor social neto de 29,642 millones de pesos. La capacidad instalada mensual nacional es suficiente para almacenar casi todo el grano que un programa de inventarios requiere, excepto Tamaulipas; esta entidad no tiene capacidad para almacenar en condiciones óptimas 619; 1,234; 992 y 573 miles de toneladas en los meses de mayo, junio, julio y agosto, respectivamente.

Consumo, digestibilidade dos nutrientes e desempenho de bovinos de corte recebendo silagem de sorgo (Sorghum bicolor (L. Moench e diferentes proporções de concentrado

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Pereira Dalton Henrique

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Vinte e quatro bovinos machos, castrados, Holandês x Zebu (peso vivo inicial de 435 kg e 36 meses de idade foram distribuídos em um delineamento em blocos casualizados, com seis repetições para se avaliarem o consumo e a digestibilidade aparente total dos nutrientes, o ganho de peso, a conversão alimentar e o rendimento de carcaça em bovinos de corte recebendo dietas contendo silagem de sorgo e concentrado nas proporções 80:20, 65:35, 50:50 e 35:65, com base na matéria seca. Os consumos de MS, MO, PB e NDT, em kg/dia, não foram influenciados pelos níveis de concentrado nas dietas, enquanto os consumos de EE e MS (% PV e g/kgPV0,75 e os CNF, em kg/dia, aumentaram linearmente com o nível de concentrado. O consumo de fibra em detergente neutro (FDN, no entanto, independentemente da forma de expressão, decresceu linearmente com o aumento dos níveis de concentrado. As digestibilidades aparentes totais de MS, MO e CNF não foram influenciadas pelas dietas, registrando-se valores médios de 63,8, 65,1 e 82,2%, respectivamente. Entretanto, as digestibilidades aparentes de PB, EE e FDN reduziram linearmente com o incremento de concentrado às dietas. O ganho médio diário e a conversão alimentar não foram influenciados pelas dietas, com valores médios de 1,40 kg/dia e 8,08 kg MS/kg de ganho de peso vivo (GPV, respectivamente. O peso final médio dos animais foi de 523 kg. O rendimento de carcaça dos animais aumentou linearmente com o incremento dos níveis de concentrado nas dietas. A dieta com silagem de sorgo de boa qualidade, associada a 20% de concentrado, proporcionou produção de carne com menor custo que as demais dietas.

Propiedades dieléctricas de pastas de cemento con reducido contenido en agua libre

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de Frutos, J.

1999-12-01

Full Text Available In this work the dielectric properties of concrete with and without chlorides as a function of their water contents were studied by the Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS. Specimens of cement paste with different water/cement ratio and chlorides content was analyzed. After drying the specimens, the rehydratation was controled by the relative weight increasing. Adetailed study of the dielectric behavior in the range of 20 Hz to 40 MHz according to the water and the chlorides contents was made. The results were discussed in the framework of the material processes.

En el presente trabajo se estudia como varían las propiedades dieléctricas del material con su contenido en humedad de pastas de cemento, con y sin cloruros, mediante la Espectroscopia de Impedancia Electroquímica, EIS. Para ello se fabricaron pastas de cemento con diferentes relaciones agua/cemento, y con diferente contenido de cloruros. Después de someter las muestras a procesos de secado, se procede a la rehidratación de las mismas, controlando el contenido de agua, por medio del incremento en peso relativo. Se hace un estudio pormenorizado de la respuesta eléctrica del material en el rango de 20Hz a 40MHz, en función del contenido de agua, y de la presencia de cloruros, y se relacionan los resultados con los procesos químicos presentes en el material.

Estudio de la hidratación de pastas de cemento adicionadas con catalizador de craqueo catalítico usado (FCC de una refinería colombiana

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Jenny Johanna Trochez

2010-01-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se analiza el efecto de la incorporación de un residuo industrial de una refinería de petróleo colombiana, conocido como catalizador de craqueo catalítico usado (FCC, en el proceso de hidratación de pastas cementicias. Para tal efecto, se prepararon pastas de cemento Pórtland ordinario (OPC adicionadas en porcentajes del 10 y 20% de FCC como reemplazo de la cantidad de cemento. La reactividad puzolánica del material y el tipo de productos de hidratación se determinó mediante difracción de rayos X (DRX y análisis termogravimétrico (TG/DTG. Adicionalmente, se determinó el calor de hidratación liberado con base en la norma ASTM C186. Los resultados indican que el proceso de hidratación de pastas adicionadas con FCC es altamente exotérmico como consecuencia de su actividad puzolánica a cortas edades. Las fases principales presentes en el proceso de hidratación de las pastas adicionadas con FCC fueron CSH, CAH y CASH, productos similares a los obtenidos en pastas adicionadas con metacaolín.

Desempenho de bezerros recebendo silagens de sorgo ou de cana-de-açúcar como únicos alimentos volumosos

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Edison Valvasori

1998-01-01

Full Text Available Silagens de sorgo granífero (tratamento SS e de cana-de-açúcar (tratamento SC, suplementadas com farelo de algodão para ajustar o nível protéico das dietas a 16%, foram fornecidas a bezerros da raça Holandesa variedade malhada de preto, para avaliação de seus desempenhos em termos de consumo de alimentos, ganhos de peso e conversões alimentares. Os animais apresentaram média de peso de 97,7 ± 1,0 kg ao início do período de adaptação, de 14 dias, ao qual seguiu-se período experimental de 70 dias. Os resultados mostraram que o tratamento com silagem de sorgo granífero foi superior ao com cana-de-açúcar (p;0,05.

DIETAS DE ALTA PROPORÇÃO DE CONCENTRADO PARA BOVINOS DE CORTE CONFINADOS

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SILVA, Hélio Lourêdo da

2009-01-01

O objetivo deste trabalho foi de avaliar os efeitos de dietas de alta proporção de concentrado, sobre os desempenhos e características de carcaça, comportamento ingestivo e indicadores fecais de 20 bovinos Nelore, com idade de 28 meses. As dietas DT+BIN (10% de bagaço de cana in natura , 54,52% de sorgo moído, 10,94% de caroço de algodão, 18% de casca de soja, 2,54% de farelo de soja e 4% de núcleo farelado), MGI (10% de casca de soja, 75% de milho grão e 15% de núcleo peletizado) e DT (44,4...

Caracterización de jamones adicionados con pastas residuales de la extracción mecánica de aceite de frutos secos

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Juan José Luna Guevara

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Los frutos secos contienen en su composición nutrientes y compuestos bioactivos que al ser consumidos en cantidades suficientes aportan beneficios a la salud. En este estudio se evaluó la influencia de la adición de pastas residuales (10 %, obtenidas de la extracción de aceite de nuez de Castilla (Juglans regia L., nuez pecanera (Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh. K. Koch, variedad Western Shley, y cacahuate (Arachis hypogaea, sobre la modificación de algunas características de textura, composición proximal, fisicoquímicas, microbiológicas y sensoriales en jamones cocidos. Los jamones estudiados fueron almacenados a 4 °C durante 21 días. Las pastas adicionadas a los jamones aumentaron de manera significativa (P≤0,05 el contenido de proteína, grasa y fibra total. Los jamones adicionados con pasta presentaron estructuras menos rígidas (P≤0,05. Los parámetros de color (L*, a* y b* de los jamones mostraron una ligera disminución durante el tiempo de almacenamiento, a excepción de los adicionados con nuez de Castilla que mostraron un mayor oscurecimiento. Las pastas de frutos secos contribuyeron significativamente (P≤ 0,05 a disminuir la vida de anaquel de los jamones. Sin embargo, el recuento de mohos y levaduras en los jamones fue menor a 10 UFC/g a los 21 días de almacenamiento. La aw y el pH disminuyeron significativamente (P≤0,05 y la sinéresis aumentó durante el almacenamiento. Los jamones adicionados con pastas residuales fueron sensorialmente bien aceptados con respecto al color, olor, sabor, apariencia y aceptabilidad general.

Evaluación de harina de yuca (20% en combinación con diferentes fuentes protéicas en dietas para pollos de engorde

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Gómez de Martínez Carmen E.

1989-06-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un experimento para evaluar el efecto del nivel óptimo de inclusión (20% de harina de yuca en dietas para pollos de engorde en combinación con tres fuentes proteicas, sobre los rendimientos biológicos y sus resultados económicos. Las variables experimentales consistieron en 4 dietas (tratamientos que presentaron como fuente de variación los ingredientes proteicos; la dieta 10% de harina de yuca y tres fuentes de proteína (torta de soya, harina de pescado y torta de algodón, la dieta 2 con 20% de harina de yuca y las tres fuentes de proteína (torta de soya, harina de pescado y torta de algodón, la dieta 3 con 20% de harina de yuca y dos fuentes de proteína (torta de soya, harina de pescado y la dieta 4 con 20% de harina de yuca y una fuente de proteína (torta de soya. En el período de la 0-7 semanas, hubo comportamiento estadísticamente similar entre las dietas 1 y 2 (ganancia de peso: 1.679 vs 1.678 g; consumo de alimento: 3.521 vs 3A83 g; conversión: 2.09 vs 2.07. La dieta 3 aunque no presentó diferencias estadísticas con las anteriores, produjo menos ganancia de peso. La dieta 4 presentó. más bajas ganancias de peso (1.433 g y el menor consumo de alimento (2.972 g. El peso promedio final de los pollos fue de 1.986 g. (dieta 1, 1.991 (dieta 2, 1.994 (dieta 3 y 1.734 g. (dieta 4. El máximo beneficio neto se obtuvo con la dieta 2.An experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of including the optimum level (20 % of cassava flour in diets for feed chicken in combination with three sources of protein, on the biological yields and their economic results. The experimental varieties were made up of 4 diets (treatments which varied in terms of the source protein: diet 1, 0% of cassava flour, and cottonseed meal, diet 2 with 20% cassava flour and three sources of protein (soybean meal, fish flour and cottonseed meal, diet 3 with 20% cassava flour and two sources of protein (soybean meal and fish flour, and diet 4

Respuesta clínica en pacientes mexicanos con síndrome de intestino irritable tratados con dieta baja en carbohidratos fermentables (FODMAP

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N. Pérez y López

2015-07-01

Conclusiones: En este primer estudio en población mexicana con SII se observó mejoría significativa de los principales síntomas incluyendo dolor, distensión y flatulencia tras una dieta baja FODMAP.

Substituição do milho pela silagem de sorgo com alto e baixo teor de tanino em dietas para juvenis de tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v25i2.1989 Replacement of corn by sorghum silage with low and high tannin contents in diets for juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus- DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v25i2.1989

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Patrícia Ribeiro Neves

2003-04-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho foi realizado para avaliar a substituição do milho pela silagem de sorgo como fonte de energia para juvenis de tilápia do Nilo, Oreochromis niloticus L. (Cichlidae. Foram formuladas 3 dietas práticas isocalóricas (3000kcal de energia digestível e isoprotéica (28% de proteína bruta. O farelo de milho foi substituído pela silagem de sorgo de baixo (0,44% (SSBT e alto (1,14% (SSAT teor de tanino. Os peixes (55,09 ± 0,94g foram distribuídos em tanques de fibro-cimento (1000L e alimentados com dietas experimentais até à saciedade 3 vezes ao dia, durante 67 dias. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas sobre a conversão alimentar, eficiência protéica, índice hepato-somático, gordura visceral e taxa de sobrevivência. O ganho de peso dos peixes alimentados com SSBT foi significativamente maior que os alimentados com dietas contendo milho e SSAT. Os peixes alimentados com dietas contendo SSBT consumiram mais ração do que os peixes alimentados com a dieta com SSAT. Os resultados indicaram que a inclusão de 44% de silagem de sorgo nas dietas podem suportar normal crescimento nos juvenis de tilápia do Nilo, com potencial para substituir o milho.This work was carried out to evaluate the replacement of corn by sorghum silage as an energy source for juvenile Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus L. (Cichlidae. Three isocaloric (3000kcal of digestible energy and isoproteic (28% of crude protein practical diets were formulated. Corn meal was totally substituted by low (0.44% (LTSS and high (1.14% (HTSS tannin contents silage sorghum. Fish (55.09 ± 0.94g were reared in fiberglass tanks (1000L and hand-fed with experimental diets until reach they satiation, three times a day during 67 days. Feed conversion, protein efficiency ratio, hepatosomatic index, visceral fat and survival ratio of fish fed with the diets were not significantly different. Weight gain of fish fed with LTSS diet was significantly higher than those

Pastas de Rhodomonas salina (Cryptophyta como alimento para Brachionus plicatilis (Rotifera

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Miguel Guevara

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Pastas de Rhodomonas salina, obtenidas mediante centrifugación y floculación con quitosano y preservadas con o sin vitamina C, a -20°C fueron evaluadas bioquímicamente y proporcionadas como alimento al rotífero Brachionus plicatilis. Las pastas microalgales: (1 centrifugada y con vitamina C (CV, (2 centrifugada y sin vitamina C (C, (3 floculada y con vitamina C (FV y (4 floculada y sin adición de vitamina C (F; mantuvieron sus contenidos de proteínas y lípidos totales similares al cultivo control, con valores de 40.0±2.32% y 12.0±1.45%, respectivamente. La relación feofitina a/clorofila a fue similar (0.09-0.11 entre las pastas centrifugadas y el cultivo control, pero mayor en las pastas floculadas (1.28-1.48. Las pastas centrifugadas presentaron porcentajes de PUFAs totales, EPA y DHA similares al cultivo control (PUFAs: 47%, EPA: 4% y DHA: 4.7% y superiores al de las pastas floculadas. Las pastas obtenidas por centrifugación indujeron un crecimiento del rotífero igual al obtenido con el alimento control (densidad máxima: 320rotíferos/mL; tasa instantánea de crecimiento: 0.23rotíferos/día, fecundidad: 1.49huevos/ hembra y productividad: 43x103rotíferos/L/día. Se concluye que la pasta de R. salina centrifugada y congelada a -20°C, durante cuatro semanas, sin adición de vitamina C, mantiene su calidad nutricional similar a la del alga fresca y puede ser usada como alimento de Brachionus plicatilis.

Evaluación de dietas artificiales con artemia adulta en la maduración y reproducción de penaeus vannamei

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Zambrano Carranza, Byron R.

1999-01-01

Evaluación de dietas artificiales con Artemia adulta en la maduración y reproducción de Penaeus vannamei Un experimento de maduración y reproducción de P. vannamei fue llevado a cabo en tanques de 18 toneladas para (a) comprobar los efectos de la Artemia adulta como ingrediente principal en dietas artificiales, (b) investigar si existen diferencias entre la implementación de liofilizado de Artemia adulta y Artemia adulta congelada, y finalmente (c), comparar estos efectos y resultados con ...

Substituição parcial do milho por sorgo granífero na alimentação de matrizes suínas primíparas durante a lactação

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F.R.C. Moreira

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Avaliou-se o efeito da substituição parcial do milho por sorgo granífero na dieta de matrizes suínas híbridas durante as fases de lactação e pós-desmame. Foram utilizadas 25 fêmeas, distribuídas em três tratamentos, com porcentagens crescentes de sorgo granífero - 0%, 25% e 50% - em substituição ao milho. Os animais foram avaliados durante as fases de lactação e pós-desmame, tendo sido mensurados o peso vivo (PV e a espessura de toucinho (ET ao parto, ao oitavo, 16º e 25º dias de lactação - desmame. Nesses momentos, foram realizadas colheitas de amostras de leite para análise bioquímica. As leitegadas foram pesadas no mesmo intervalo de tempo. No estro pós-desmame (RE, determinou-se o intervalo estro-cobertura (dias, PV e ET. Quanto às fêmeas, não ocorreram efeitos sobre o PV e a ET. Quanto ao número e ao peso dos leitões, as fêmeas do grupo controle apresentaram maior número de leitões nascidos vivos. O GPD dos leitões foi maior nas leitegadas dos tratamentos com 50% de sorgo. Não houve diferença para as análises do leite. No RE, não ocorreram efeitos. Dessa forma, conclui-se que o sorgo granífero pode substituir o milho em até 50% na dieta de fêmeas suínas durante lactação, sem comprometer os parâmetros produtivos e reprodutivos.

Utilização de complexo enzimático em dietas à base de sorgo-soja para frangos de corte Effects of feeding sorghum-soya of enzymatic supplementation on broiler chickens based diet

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Maria do Socorro Vieira dos Santos

2006-06-01

Full Text Available Este experimento foi conduzido com os objetivos de avaliar o desempenho e o peso dos órgãos do trato gastrointestinal e analisar economicamente a produção de frangos de corte submetidos a dietas à base de sorgo e soja, suplementadas ou não com complexo multienzimático (xilanase, amilase, protease, nas fases inicial (experimento I e final (experimento II de crescimento. O delineamento estatístico foi em blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 3 x 2 (três níveis de sorgo = 0, 50 e 100% e dois níveis de enzima = 0 e 0,1%, em que a unidade experimental foi constituída de um boxe com 17 aves e oito repetições por tratamento. No experimento I (1 a 21 dias, não houve efeito significativo do nível de substituição do milho pelo sorgo sobre o consumo de ração, o ganho de peso e a conversão alimentar. Entretanto, o acréscimo no nível de sorgo ocasionou redução no peso relativo da moela e a suplementação enzimática aumentou o peso relativo do jejuno e íleo. No experimento II (22 a 42 dias, não houve efeito significativo do nível de substituição do milho pelo sorgo sobre o consumo de ração, o ganho de peso, a conversão alimentar e os pesos relativos do duodeno, jejuno, íleo e ceco. A suplementação enzimática reduziu significativamente o rendimento de carcaça e aumentou o peso do proventrículo, da moela e do pâncreas. A análise econômica revelou que o sorgo pode substituir 50% do milho em rações para frangos de corte nas fases inicial e final do crescimento.The trial was conducted to evaluate the performance and morphologic changes of gastrointestinal tract and economic analysis for broilers fed sorghum-soybean meal-based diets, supplemented or not with multienzymatic complex (xilanase, amylase, protease, in the starting (experiment I and finishing (experiment II phases. The experiment was analyzed as a randomized block design with a 3 x 2 factorial arrangement [three sorghum levels (0, 50, and 100% x enzyme level

Reología de las pastas crudas

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Laffarga Osteret, José

2016-01-01

En las fábricas de cemento, por vía húmeda, ha sido y es una preocupación constante el porcentaje en agua de las pastas. Muchos estudios se han realizado para lograr pastas manejables con bajo contenido en agua. Constantemente se proponen materias fluidificantes que aumentan la manejabilidad de las pastas, disminuyendo el agua necesaria. La mayoría de estos estudios son de carácter experimental y, en muchas ocasiones, los fluidificantes que dan un resultado óptimo en unas pastas, en otras dan...

Avaliação do desempenho e de parâmetros gastrintestinais de frangos de corte alimentados com dietas formuladas com sorgo alto tanino e baixo tanino Evaluation of performance and gastric parameters of broiler chickens fed diets formulateds with sorghum with and no tannin

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Rodrigo Garófallo Garcia

2005-12-01

Full Text Available O experimento foi realizado nas instalações experimentais da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Unesp, Campus de Botucatu e objetivou-se avaliar o efeito das dietas com milho e farelo de soja, sorgo com alto tanino e farelo de soja e sorgo com baixo tanino e farelo de soja sobre o desempenho, rendimento de carcaça e parâmetros gastrintestinais de frangos de corte. Foram utilizados 1200 pintos de corte de um dia, da linhagem Ross 308, distribuídos em 24 boxes em um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 3 x 2, três dietas: 100% milho e farelo de soja, 100% sorgo com alto tanino e farelo de soja (SAT e 100% sorgo com baixo tanino e farelo de soja (SBT e dois sexos, com 4 repetições de 50 aves cada. O desempenho foi avaliado aos 21, 35 e 42 dias de idade e aos 42 dias de idade, uma amostra de 5 aves por repetição foi abatida para a determinação do rendimento de carcaça e das partes. Foram medidos o rendimento do peito desossado, coxa e sobrecoxa, asas, dorso e gordura abdominal. Aos 14, 21, 28, 35 e 42 dias de idade foram sacrificadas 3 aves por repetição para avaliação do desenvolvimento das vísceras e dos intestinos por meio de pesagens e medidas. Conclui-se que, ao utilizar sorgo com alto tanino (cultivar AG3002 com 1,89 g/kg e sorgo com baixo tanino (cultivar SAARA com 0,49 g/kg em substituição ao milho não foi encontrado efeito significativo (p>0,05 para os parâmetros analisados de desempenho e rendimento de carcaça, não ocorrendo também efeito evidente sobre a porcentagem das vísceras e intestinos e as medidas dos intestinos.The experiment was carried out in the experimental facilities of Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia of Unesp, Botucatu Campus and the objective was evaluate the effect of corn, sorghum with tannin and sorghum no tannin-based diets on the gastric and bowel parameters in broiler . One thousand and two hundred sexed Ross 308, one

Efecto de la suplementación con concentrado en la fermentación in vitro de dietas para vacas lecheras en silvopastoreo

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O López

Full Text Available Se evaluó el efecto de la suplementación con concentrado (C0: control; C5: 5 % de los requerimientos de EM; C10: 10 % de los requerimientos de EM en la degradabilidad ruminal de dietas para vacas lecheras basadas en Panicum maximum y Leucaena leucocephala, mediante la técnica de producción de gas (PG in vitro. Para formular las dietas se asumió que los animales pesaban 480 kg, que estaban en su tercera lactancia y producían 10 kg de leche diarios, lo cual es representativo de la vaquería donde se tomaron las muestras de alimento. Se estimó la PG in vitro, los parámetros de la producción de gas (b, c, L, la digestibilidad in vitro de la materia seca (DIVMS, la energía metabolizable (EM y los ácidos grasos de cadena corta (AGCC, los cuales se compararon mediante un análisis de varianza, en un diseño completamente aleatorizado con tres tratamientos y tres repeticiones. Las dietas se incubaron in vitro, y para ello se utilizó inóculo ruminal de vacas Limousine, clínicamente sanas. La suplementación con concentrado incrementó linealmente (p < 0,01 la producción de gas a las 24 h y a las 48 h; mientras que a las 96 h el efecto fue cuadrático (p < 0,05, con el menor valor para C5. La DIVMS y la EM (p < 0,001, así como los AGCC (p < 0,05, se incrementaron linealmente con el aumento del concentrado, aunque en C10 la DIVMS fue menor; sin embargo, se incrementó la EM y los AGCC. Se concluye que en dietas basadas en P. maximum y L. leucocephala la adición de concentrado en un 5 % no tuvo efecto en la EM ni en la producción de AGCC, por lo que es necesario adicionar al menos un 10 % de este suplemento a la dieta, con base en los requerimientos de EM de los animales.

Estudio comparativo de la estabilidad lipídica de harinas de soja, sorgo, avena, salvado y germen de trigo con y sin extrusión

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María José Crosa Balestra

2013-12-01

Full Text Available El consumo de harinas de grano entero está condicionado por la pérdida de calidad nutricional, funcional y sensorial durante su almacenamiento. En este estudio se evaluó el efecto del proceso de extrusión en la degradación lipídica de harina de varios tipos de granos y derivados (soja, sorgo, avena, salvado y germen de trigo. Se realizó seguimiento de ácidos grasos libres, humedad, actividad de agua y del desarrollo del descriptor “rancio-oxidado” por olfatación directa, en muestras de harina con y sin extrusión almacenadas durante 60 días en bolsa de polietileno de 30 micrones a 30-35 ºC. También se estudió la aceptabilidad de pan elaborado con 36% de incorporación de una combinación de harinas. Se realizaron medidas de color, materia grasa y actividad ureásica al inicio, medio y final del almacenamiento. Se ajustaron funciones de regresión de la diferencia “sin extrusión” y “con extrusión”, para las medidas AGL, Aw, %H. Los resultados obtenidos indicaron que la extrusión disminuye significativamente la degradación lipídica de las harinas de sorgo, salvado, soja, avena; sin embargo, la harina de germen extrudida tuvo un aumento de rancidez por oxidación. La incorporación de las harinas no extrudidas en la masa de pan disminuyó significativamente la aceptabilidad y afectó la textura y volumen del pan.

Calidad de vida relacionada a la salud tras una intervención con dieta mediterránea y ejercicio físico en pacientes con síndrome metabólico

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Landaeta Díaz, Leslie

2012-01-01

El síndrome metabólico (SMet) se asocia con depresión, estrés psicosocial y peor calidad de vida relacionada a la salud. La dieta mediterránea y el ejercicio físico tienen un efecto positivo sobre el SMet aunque se desconoce su impacto sobre la calidad de vida relacionada a la salud y la capacidad física en estos pacientes. Objetivos: Estudiar el efecto de un modelo de dieta mediterránea, combinada o no con un programa de ejercicio físico de moderada a alta intensidad, sobre...

Observaciones histopatologicas de juveniles penaeus vannamei sometidos a dietas artificiales con diferentes concentraciones de una sal de ácido ascórbico (vitamina c)

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Vera Muñoz, L.

1995-01-01

Observaciones histopatologicas de juveniles Penaeus Vannamei sometidos a dietas artificiales con diferentes concentraciones de una sal de ácido ascórbico (vitamina C) Se realizaron análisis histológicos y comprobación mediante métodos histoquímicos de la presencia de melanina, a juveniles Penaeus vannamei sometidos a cinco dietas experimentales con diferentes concentraciones de una sal de L-Ascorbato-2-Fosfato de Mg (APM) usada como fuente de ácido ascórbico (AA).

Utilización de pastas como alimentos funcionales

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Martínez, Cristina S.

2010-01-01

Objetivo general Evaluar la aptitud de las pastas para actuar como alimentos funcionales, estudiando el efecto del agregado de diferentes ingredientes sobre su calidad tecnológica y nutricional. Objetivos específicos Objetivo I: estudiar los parámetros que definen la calidad de las pastas. Objetivo II: evaluar el efecto del almidón, del gluten y del agua sobre la calidad de las pastas frescas elaboradas con harina de trigo pan. Objetivo III:...

PIGMENTACIÓN, CRECIMIENTO Y SUPERVIVENCIA DE CRÍAS CARPA KOI (CYPRINUS CARPIO VAR. HAEMATOPTERUS ALIMENTADAS CON DIETAS CON INCLUSIONES DE ACEITE DE LANGOSTILLA ROJA (PLEURONCODES PLANIPES

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Gloria L. Gil R.

2015-01-01

Full Text Available En este estudio se evaluó el efecto de la inclusión de aceite de langostilla roja (Pleuroncodes planipes sobre el crecimiento, supervivencia y pigmentación del tegumento de crías de carpa koi (Cyprinus carpio var. haematopterus. El estudio consistió en tres experimentos: experimento 1, con fotoperiodo de 4 h L / 20 h O y aguas claras; experimento 2, con fotoperiodo 12 h L/ 12 h O y aguas claras, y, experimento 3, cuyo fotoperiodo fue de 12 h L /12 O y aguas con algas. En estos experimentos, dos variedades de crías de carpa koi -naranjas y con manchas oscuras- fueron alimentadas con dietas adicionadas con aceite de langostilla a diferentes porcentajes de inclusión (0, 1, 2 y 3 %, con el 5% de alimento con relación a la biomasa de cada unidad experimental. Al final de cada uno de los experimentos se tomaron fotografías de los organismos y se analizó la coloración con el modelo de matiz-saturación-brillantez de cuatro regiones anatómicas en ambas variedades de crías y en los experimentos 1 y 2 se evaluaron parámetros biológicos: supervivencia, ganancia en longitud y en peso, y porcentaje de incremento en peso y en longitud. Las dietas adicionadas con aceite de langostilla roja no fueron rechazadas por los organismos, y no se observaron efectos negativos en las variables evaluadas. En general, la inclusión de aceite influyó en la pigmentación de las crías de color naranja y en el crecimiento y la coloración de los organismos con manchas oscuras, particularmente cuando el fotoperiodo fue de 12 L/ 12 O.

Experiencia con la dieta cetogénica como tratamiento en la epilepsia refractaria

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Ramírez Camacho, Alia; Meavilla, Silvia; Catalán, Natalia; Gutiérrez, Alejandra; Campistol Plana, Jaume

2011-01-01

Introducción: La epilepsia es una enfermedad neurológica que se controla con fármacos antiepilépticos en la mayoría de casos. Sin embargo, aproximadamente un 25% de epilepsias son refractarias al tratamiento farmacológico. La dieta cetogénica es una de las opciones terapéuticas para este tipo de epilepsia. A pesar del aumento en los últimos años de la popularidad de ésta como tratamiento anticonvulsivo, no se ha establecido un consenso internacional para sus indicaciones y manejo. Objetivo: E...

Relación de la carga ácida de la dieta y el estado acido-base en niños con Enfermedad Renal Crónica

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Lugo, Gustavo; Moreno, Greysi; Marcano, Gilmary; López, Michelle

2016-01-01

La progresión de la Enfermedad Renal Crónica (ERC) es acelerada por la acidosis metabólica, la cual puede ser agravada por la dieta. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar la Carga Acida Potencial Renal (CAPR) de la dieta en niños con ERC y establecer su relación con el estado ácido base. MÉTODOS: Se incluyeron 26 pacientes (10 meses-17 años) con ERC atendidos en la consulta del Servicio de Nefrología del Hospital de Niños JM de los Ríos entre Junio 2014 y Enero 2016. Para la evaluac...

Crecimiento de alevines de Cichlasoma urophthalmus con dietas basadas en diferentes niveles de inclusión de proteína de soya y gluten de trigo

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Villarreal, C; Gelabert, R; Gaxiola, G; Cuzon, G; Amador, LE; Guevara, E; Brito, R

2011-01-01

Se determinó el efecto de seis dietas con diferente contenido de proteína de origen vegetal sobre el crecimiento de alevines de Cichlasoma urophthalmus. Se utilizaron dietas isoenergéticas e isolipídicas con contenido de proteína entre 10% y 60%, empleando soya y gluten de trigo como las principales fuentes proteicas. Los tratamientos no afectaron la supervivencia, la cual fue superior al 80% en todos los casos. Los índices de crecimiento variaron significativamente de acuerdo al contenido pr...

Evidencias científicas sobre la eficacia y seguridad de la dieta proteinada. Dieta proteinada y ejercicio físico

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J. Saura

2014-03-01

Full Text Available La obesidad se ha convertido en una pandemia a nivel mundial, 2,8 millones de personas mueren cada año como resultado de padecer sobrepeso u obesidad, según ha declarado la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS. Dentro del marco de las estrategias para combatir la obesidad, encontramos diferentes propuestas dietéticas y de actividad física. En el marco de las dietas muy bajas en calorías (VLCD, encontramos la dieta proteinada, una variedad de dieta cetogénica (KD con un aporte mínimo de grasas, de acuerdo a las indicaciones del grupo de consenso y cooperación de los estados miembros en materia de examen científico sobre cuestiones relacionadas con los alimentos (SCOOP para la aplicación de una dieta muy baja en calorías. El objetivo de esta revisión científica es recopilar las evidencias científicas que valoren la efectividad, seguridad y mantenimiento a largo plazo de los efectos de las VLCD, y en concreto de la dieta proteinada, aplicada en el marco de un método multidisciplinar como el método Pronokal®, sobre el sobrepeso y la obesidad y su relación con el ejercicio físico.

Rendimiento y calidad de forraje de kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L. en tres edades en comparación con maíz y sorgo x Sudán nervadura café

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David Guadalupe Reta Sánchez

2010-01-01

valores de fibra detergente ácido (FDA y fibra detergente neutro (FDN fueron similares o mayores que maíz y sorgo en edades posteriores los 66 días después de la siembra (dds. La calidad de forraje en kenaf se redujo (P<0.05 con la edad al disminuir la asignación de MS a las hojas, manteniendo una calidad aceptable al inicio de floración (66 a 74 dds con contenidos de PC de 13.5 a 15.8 %, FDA de 35 a 47.5 % y FDN de 42.1 a 59.5 %.

Utilización de la proteína dietaría por alevinos de la gamitana, Colossoma macropomum, alimentados con dietas isocalóricas

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Félix Walter Gutiérrez

2011-05-01

Full Text Available Un experimento fue conducido para evaluar los efectos de cinco niveles de proteína (25,27, 29, 31 y 33% sobre el comportamiento productivo de alevinos de la gamitana, Colossoma macropomum Cuvier 1818, alimentados con dietas isocalóricas (2,7 kcal de ED/g. Los parámetros medidos fueron ganancia de peso (GP, conversión alimenticia (CA, proteína retenida (PR, razón de eficiencia proteica (REP y energía retenida (ER. En la preparación de las dietas experimentales se utilizaron como fuentes de proteína harina de anchoveta y harina de torta de soya y como fuentes de energía maíz amarillo duro, subproducto de trigo y aceite de pescado. Se encontraron diferencias significativas (P<0,05 entre tratamientos para los parámetros GP, PR, REP y ER. No se encontraron diferencias significativas para la CA. Los mejores rendimientos fueron obtenidos cuando las gamitanas fueron alimentadas con niveles dietarios de 25, 27 y 33% de proteína cruda. También se encontró que a medida que se elevó el nivel de proteína de la dieta, la REP decreció significativamente. Tomando en cuenta el costo de la proteína en la dieta, se concluye que la alimentación de la gamitana con niveles dietarios de 25 ó 27% de proteína cruda y 2,7 kcal de ED/g, garantizarán su exitoso crecimiento.

Efecto de una dieta rica en proteínas y alta en fibra más la suplementación con aminoácidos de cadena ramificada sobre el estado nutricional de pacientes con cirrosis

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A. Ruiz-Margáin

2018-01-01

Conclusión: La suplementación con AACR más una dieta alta en proteína y fibra es una intervención segura en los pacientes con cirrosis. Ayuda al incremento de la masa muscular y no eleva los niveles de amonio o de glucosa, y tampoco se asocia con el desarrollo de encefalopatía hepática.

Dieta Mediterránea, una historia de sabor, salud y sostenibilidad

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Carbajal Azcona, Ángeles

2015-01-01

Existe abundante evidencia científica del papel de la Dieta Mediterránea tradicional y de sus componentes en la Salud y la Sostenibiliad. La Dieta Mediterránea es un dieta sana, nutritiva y palatable, relacionada con la prevención de las enfermedades crónicas y con una menor morbi-mortalidad y mayor esperanza y calidad de vida. Pero no sólo es un modelo de alimentación sana para el hombre sino también para el medio ambiente. Por estar basada fundamentalmente en el consumo de alimentos de orig...

Necesidades de metionina + cistina para pollos de engorda en iniciación

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J. E. Morales

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Con el fin de conocer las necesidades de aminoácidos metionina + cistina (Met + Cis de pollos de engorda, durante la etapa de iniciación se realizaron tres experimentos, bajo un diseño completamente al azar con pollitos de engorda «Indian River» sin sexar, de 1 a 21 días de edad. Cada tratamiento fue por triplicado en grupos de 12 aves cada uno. En el primer experimento, una dieta a base de sorgo y pasta de soya con 22% de proteína y 3,000 Kcal de energía metabolizable (EM por kg fue suplementada con DL-Met en distintas cantidades para contar con cinco niveles de Met + Cis; 0.69%, 0.76%, 0.83%, 0.90% y 0.97%. Los resultados obtenidos para ganancia total de peso (506b, 570ab, 578ab, 617a y 585a g y eficiencia alimenticia (0.63b, 0.69a, 0.68ab, 0.72a y 0.70a fueron diferentes (P < 0.05 entre tratamientos. En el segundo experimento se empleó una dieta similar (23% proteína; 3,000 Kcal EM/kg y suplementada con DL-Met en distintas proporciones para evaluar cinco niveles de Met + Cis (0.68%, 0.75%, 0.82%, 0.90%, y 0.97%. Los datos fueron diferentes (P < 0.05 para consumo de alimento (670c, 693ab, 725ab, 732a y 721ab g, ganancia de peso (420c, 454bc, 492ab, 508a y 493a g y eficiencia alimenticia (0.62a, 0.65ab, 0.68ab, 0.69a y 0.68ab. En el tercer experimento, una dieta semejante (22 % proteína; 3,100 kcal EM/kg fue utilizada para evaluar cinco niveles de Met + Cis (0.66%, 0.74%, 0.82%, 0.89% y 0.97%. Los resultados obtenidos fueron diferentes (P < 0.05 en consumo de alimento (654a, 691ab, 746a, 713ab y 714ab g, ganancia de peso (445ab, 493ab, 551ab, 552a y 537a g y eficiencia alimenticia (0.68a, 0.71ab, 0.74ab, 0.77b y 0.75b. De acuerdo con estos resultados, dietas para pollos de engorda en iniciación (1 a 21 días de edad con 0.90 % de Met + Cis como aminoácidos totales, equivalentes a 0.81% de Met + Cis digeribles, causan un mayor aumento de peso corporal y mejor eficiencia alimenticia

Caractereisticas de la dieta de una muestra de adolescentes con sobrepeso y obesidad: estudio EVASYON

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Suárez, N.; Wärnberg, Julia; Zapatera, Belén; Campoy, Cristina; Martí, Amelia; Garragori, J. M.; Marcos, Ascensión

2014-01-01

La prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en niños y adolescentes ha aumentado en los últimos años en nuestro país, liderando la prevalencia europea de obesidad infantil. El propósito de este estudio es obtener información sobre la calidad de la dieta de una muestra de adolescentes con sobrepeso y obesidad antes de comenzar un estudio de intervención integral de nutrición, actividad física y psicología EVASYON es un estudio multicéntrico realizado en 5 hospitales españoles (Granada, Madrid, Pamp...

Coeficientes de utilización digestiva aparente de materia seca, proteína y aminoácidos esenciales de ingredientes terrestres para el camarón del Pacífico Litopenaeus vannamei (Decapoda: Penaeidae

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Martín Terrazas

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Los aminoácidos esenciales y su disponibilidad son importantes en la formulación de alimentos. La digestibilidad de materia seca (DAMS, proteína (DAP y aminoácidos esenciales (DAAA fueron determinados (triplicado para el camarón blanco del Pacífico, Litopenaeus vannamei (15-19g, usando una dieta de referencia con 30% (de cada ingrediente. Los ingredientes evaluados fueron: caseína (CAS, harinas de subproductos avícolas (HSPA y porcícolas (HSPP, gluten de maíz (GLM y trigo (GLT, pasta de soya (PS, harinas de sorgo (HS y trigo (HT. La DAMS y DAP variaron entre 68%-109% y 70%-103%, respectivamente. La DAP en CAS, PS, HT y GLT fue mayor al 90%, en GLM y HSPA superior a 80%; HSPP (76% y HS (70% tuvieron menor digestibilidad. Hubo concordancia entre DAP y DAAA, excepto para Arg en GLM, Fen y Leu en HS, Fen en PS y Lis en HT y HSPA. Se encontró una gran variabilidad en la DAMS, DAP y DAAA en los ingredientes, lo que debe ser tomado en cuenta al formular alimentos para camarón.

Adubação nitrogenada de sorgo granífero consorciado com capim em sistema de plantio direto

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Gustavo Pavan Mateus

2011-10-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do manejo da adubação nitrogenada sobre a cultura do sorgo granífero, cultivado solteiro e em consócio com capim-marandu e capim-mombaça, e determinar a produtividade de matéria seca das forrageiras, nos anos agrícolas 2003/2004 e 2004/2005, em plantio direto. Foi utilizado o delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso, em arranjo fatorial 3x5, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de três sistemas de cultivo de sorgo granífero (solteiro e consorciado com capim-marandu ou capim-mombaça, na linha de semeadura e cinco manejos de adubação nitrogenada: 30-70; 70-30; 50-50; 100-0; e 0-100 kg ha-1 de N, quantidades aplicadas na semeadura e na cobertura, respectivamente. O cultivo consorciado não afetou a nutrição nem a produtividade de grãos de sorgo. Apenas no primeiro ano de cultivo, o parcelamento 50-50 kg ha-1 de N proporcionou maior produtividade de grãos. O manejo da palhada interferiu no estabelecimento do sorgo no segundo ano de cultivo, e diminuiu a produtividade de grãos. As maiores doses de N aplicadas em cobertura elevaram a produtividade de matéria seca do capim-marandu e, as aplicadas em semeadura, a elevaram no capim-mombaça.

Retardo del crecimiento intrauterino asociado con el consumo de pasta básica de cocaína por mujeres gestantes de Bogotá, D.C., Colombia

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Oscar Ramírez

2000-12-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar una posible asociación entre el consumo de pasta ásica de cocaína o 'basuco' entre mujeres embarazadas y el crecimiento intrauterino de sus productos vivos en dos hospitales de tercer nivel en Bogotá, Colombia. Con un diseño de cohorte retrospectiva, se encuestaron 1.878 mujeres en el puerperio mediato para indagar, entre otras variables, la historia sobre el consumo de drogas ilicitas. Tanto a las madres como a sus recién nacidos se les realizaron mediciones antropométricas estandarizadas. Se comparó la prevalencia de bajo peso al nacer (BPN, parto prematuro (PP y retardo del crecimiento intrauterino (RCIU con la historia de consumo de drogas ilicitas durante el embarazo por medio de modelos de regresión lineal múltiple y regresión logística múltiple, para ajustar el efecto de posibles confusores como edad materna, estado nutricional y patologias maternas, nivel socioeconómico, escolaridad y tabaquismo, entre otros. Los resultados mostraron que una de cada 189 mujeres consumió sustancias ilegales durante el embarazo, comúnmente Cannabis safiva o pasta básica de cocaina. Las consumidoras de ostos productos tipicamente tenían menor escolaridad, eran de nivel socioeconomico más bajo. eran más delgadas, con una historia de control prenatal inadecuado, primigestantes o multigestantes y, con frecuencia, también fumaban tabaco y bebían alcohol. Se halló una asociación entre el consumo de las sustancias ilegales con RCIU (cociente de suertes de prevalencias de 5.24, IC95%: 1,3-21.0, y un déficit de 0.7 desvios estándares del peso para la edad gestacional (p=0.03. Además, se encontró un cociente de suertes ajustado de 7,78 con IC95%: 1,O-62, entre el consumo de pasta básica de cocaina y RCIU. Aunque es probable que a través de entrevistas se subestime la prevalencia de consumo de drogas y a pesar del limitado poder del estudio, éste fue capaz de identificar un efecto importante

PRODUCCIÓN DE BEBIDAS USANDO SORGO MALTEADO COMO MATERIA PRIMA PARA ENFERMOS CELIACOS

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Irenia Gallardo

2013-01-01

Full Text Available La presente investigación trata los principales aspectos relacionados con la enfermedad celíaca, que es la que estimula a trabajar en la búsqueda de alternativas para producir alimentos a partir de otras fuentes que no sean los cereales tradicionales. El trabajo aborda el estudio de la obtención de dos bebidas, cerveza sin alcohol (malta y cerveza, a partir de sorgo blanco UDG-110 malteado. Para la producción de maltina, se hicieron experimentos basados en resultados preliminares, donde se determinaron las mejores relaciones de Malta Clara/Solución, Malta Clara/Malta total y Caramelo/Malta Total. Para la obtención de cerveza se hace un estudio preliminar a partir de la combinación de malta de sorgo y enzimas amilasas. Los resultados son satisfactorios, ya que las bebidas obtenidas tienen propiedades similares a las que se venden en el mercado, permitiendo acotar los parámetros para establecer una tecnología para la obtención de maltina y cerveza.

Larvicultura de Rhamdia quelen (Pisces, Pimelodidae con proteína vegetal y animal, suplementadas con plancton

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Germán Castañeda A.

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Determinar el efecto de dietas con diferentes proporciones de fuentes proteicas animales y vegetales suplementadas con plancton sobre el crecimiento y sobrevivencia en larvas de Rhamdia quelen. Materiales y métodos. Fueron formuladas dos dietas experimentales, dieta-1 con 70% de proteína de origen vegetal (torta de soya y dieta-2 con 70% de proteína proveniente de animales (corazón bovino yharina de pescado; se utilizaron cuatro protocolos de alimentación (cinco réplicas por tratamiento: dieta-1 + plancton filtrado en tamiz de 50-200 micras (T1, dieta-2 + plancton filtrado en tamiz de 50-200 micras (T2, dieta-1 (T3, dieta-2 (T4. Las larvas fueron manejadas a una densidad de 20 animales L-1 suministrando alimentohasta aparente saciedad diariamente a las 07:00, 11:00, 16:00 y 21:00 horas; la suplementación con plancton se realizó a las 11:00 y 21:00 horas. Resultados. Entre T1 y T2 no se observaron diferencias estadísticas (p>0.05 en peso final (21.89 ± 15.17mg vs 20.37 ± 10.37mg, longitud total (13.41±2.34mm vs 13.39±1.99 mm, factor de condición (K (0.80±0.13 vs 0.78±0.13 y sobrevivencia (46.6±2.68% vs36.0±7.41%; las diferencias entre T3 y T4 tampoco fueron significativas (3.35±1.40 mg vs 2.98±1.48 mg; 7.54±0.91mm vs 7.33±0.96mm; 0.75±0.13 vs 0.71±0.12; 33.6±9.07% vs 24.8±6.76%, respectivamente; hubo diferencias significativas (p<0.05 entre los grupos suplementados con plancton y los alimentados solo con ración. Conclusiones. La suplementación con plancton fue más efectiva que elofrecimiento solo de ración. La inclusión del 62.9% de torta de soya en la formulación (T1, aparentemente no afectó el crecimiento ni la sobrevivencia.

ACEPTACIÓN DE UNA DIETA ARTIFICIAL POR LARVAS DE LA MARIPOSA BATTUS POLYDAMAS POLYDAMAS (LEPIDOPTERA: PAPILIONIDAE

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Ricardo Augusto Claro Carrascal

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Se evalúo la aceptabilidad de una dieta artificial utilizada en la alimentación del estado larval de la mariposa Battus polydamas polydamas (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae, bajo condiciones de laboratorio.  A las larvas se les ofreció una dieta en diferentes presentaciones y composiciones, de acuerdo con ensayos previos y con los análisis nutricionales desarrollados a larvas maduras y a hojas de la  planta hospedera, Aristolochia maxima (Aristolochiaceae.  La longevidad, en estado larval, de B. polydamas criadas en laboratorio, se ve afectada significativamente por los diferentes tratamientos de alimentación. La curva de sobrevivencia no presento diferencias significativas entre las larvas alimentadas con solamente hojas jóvenes de la planta y aquellas que se alimentaron con dieta esparcida. En contraste, las tasas de crecimiento larval, fueron significativamente afectadas según el tratamiento.  Se sustenta la cría de mariposas de la especie B. polydamas bajo una dieta artificial con condiciones de temperatura, humedad y luminosidad controlada, con propósitos de investigación o futuros planes de manejo y conservación.

Dinámica poblacional del rotífero Brachionus ibericus aislado de estanques para camarón, alimentado con diferentes dietas

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José Cristóbal Román-Reyes

2014-11-01

Full Text Available La producción de microalgas vivas para cultivar rotíferos constituye uno de los mayores costos de operación en la larvicultura de peces, por lo que se están desarrollando sustitutos comerciales de microalgas para la alimentación y producción de rotíferos. Se desconoce el efecto que tienen las formulaciones comerciales sobre la dinámica poblacional de rotíferos nativos del noroeste de México y en este estudio se evaluó el efecto de cuatro dietas comerciales (Espirulina, RotiMac®, Nanno 3600®, RotiGrow-Plus® y la microalga viva Nannochloropsis sp., sobre el crecimiento poblacional y fecundidad del rotífero Brachionus ibericus (GenBank KJ949043, aislado de una granja de camarón blanco (Litopenaeus vannamei. Se realizaron cinco réplicas por tratamiento alimenticio utilizando recipientes con volumen de 12 L de agua, con temperatura de 29 ± 1°C y salinidad de 35 ± 1, respectivamente. Los resultados mostraron que durante los periodos experimentales, las dietas probadas resultaron adecuadas para alimentar a B. ibericus, con tasas de crecimiento, tiempos de duplicación, densidades máximas y fecundidades que fluctuaron entre 0.20 a 0.27 rotíferos día-1, 2.60 a 3.42 días, 215 a 344 rotíferos mL-1 y de 0.16 a 0.39 huevos hembra-1, respectivamente. Las diferencias entre tratamientos fueron significativas (P 0.05 a las obtenidas con Nanno 3600®.

ÍNDICE GLICÉMICO E INSULINEMICO DE DOS TIPOS DE PASTA DE PRESENTACIÓN LARGA Y CORTA EN INDIVIDUOS SANOS

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Hirsch B, Sandra; Barrera A, Gladys; Leiva B, Laura; de la Maza C, M. Pía; Bunout B, Daniel

2010-01-01

Introducción: Las pastas secas (industrializadas) se caracterizan por ser manufacturadas a base de harina dura de trigo y otros cereales, llamado semolina, a diferencia del pan que se prepara con harina fina, lo que supone que la respuesta insulinémica y glicémica debiera ser menor que la del pan. Objetivo: Medir la respuesta glicémica e insulinsulinémica de una pasta seca estándar y una pasta seca enriquecida con huevo, de presentación larga (espagueti) y corta (corbata). Material y Métodos:...

ELABORACIÓN DE PASTAS ALIMENTICIAS ENRIQUECIDAS A PARTIR DE HARINA DE QUINUA (Chenopodium quinoa wild. Y ZANAHORIA (Daucus carota ELABORACAO DE PASTA ALIMENTICIA ENRIQUECIDA A PARTIR DE FARINHA DE QUINUA (Chenopodium quinoa wild. E CENOURA (Daucus carota PRODUCTION OF FOOD PASTAS ENRICHED FROM QUINUA's (Chenopodium quinoa wild. FLOUR AND CARROT (Daucus carota

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M ASTAÍZA

2010-06-01

Full Text Available La pasta de sémola es un alimento de consumo masivo, pero el valor biológico de su proteína es bajo, dada la deficiencia de Usina en la proteína del trigo. Al complementar la sémola con harina de quinua y zanahoria, se mejora la calidad de la proteína por ser la quinua muy rica en Usina y se incrementa el contenido de fibra soluble y vitamina A con la adición de zanahoria. Este estudio se desarrolló en dos etapas; en la Etapa I se elaboraron y analizaron pastas enriquecidas con harina integral de quinua, con niveles de sustitución del 30%, 40% y50% en la Etapa II, se sustituyó con zanahoria un 15% de la fase líquida de la formulación que en la fase I presentó mejor calidad. En las dos etapas se evaluó calidad de cocción, composición química y calidad sensorial de las pastas. La sustitución de la sémola por un 30% de harina de quinua, al igual que la inclusión de zanahoria en la formulación, permitió la obtención de un producto de mayor calidad nutricional y de excelente aceptación por el consumidor. Se logró un incremento significativo en la concentración de proteína y fibra, acompañado de una disminución en el contenido de carbohidratos; igualmente, mejoró el cómputo químico de las pastas pasando de 55.2% en las pastas control a 72.4 en las pastas enriquecidas con quinua. La calidad de cocción fue inferior en las pastas enriquecidas; sin embargo, las propiedades tecnológicas de las pastas se mantienen dentro de los rangos adecuados para su preparaciónAs pastas de sêmola de trigo é um alimento de consumo massivo, mas o valor biológico da sua proteína é baixo devido à; sua deficiencia em Usina. Ao complementar a sêmola com farinha de quinua e cenoura, não só se melhora a qualidade da proteína por complementaridade de aminoácidos entre a proteína do trigo e os aminoácidos da proteína de quinua, pseudo cereal muito rico em Usina, senão que também se incrementa o conteúdo de fibra e vitamina A com

Influencia de un patrón de dieta mediterránea en la distribución de la grasa corporal en pacientes canarios con riesgo cardiovascular

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Álvarez-Pérez, J.

2013-01-01

Programa de doctorado: Salud pública (epidemilogía, planificación y nutrición) [ES] La dieta Mediterránea (DMed) es considerada como uno de los patrones dietéticos más saludables, debido a su relación con una baja morbilidad y mortalidad para algunas enfermedades crónicas. El ojetivo es analizar el efecto de tres intervenciones dietéticas: un patrón de Dieta Mediterránea en los parámetros antropométricos: peso, Índice da Masa Corporal (IMC), y circunferencia de la cintura (CC), y en la com...

BICULTIVO EN BIOFLOC DE CACHAMA BLANCA -Piaractus brachypomus- Y TILAPIA NILÓTICA -Oreochromis niloticus- ALIMENTADAS CON DIETAS DE ORIGEN VEGETAL

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S. B. Brú-Cordero

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Se evaluó el desempeño productivo de cachama blanca y tilapia nilótica cultivadas en biofloc y alimentadas con dietas de origen vegetal. Se cultivaron 80 peces/m3 en proporción 1:1 (cachama : tilapia, con tres niveles de proteína bruta (PB: 16% (T16, 24% (T24 y 32% (T32, en tanques de 1.000 l, con aireación permanente durante 120 días. Se estimaron parámetros de crecimiento, rendimiento, calidad de agua, costos de producción y análisis proximal de los flóculos. El oxígeno disuelto se mantuvo con saturación por encima de 100% y los compuestos nitrogenados (NO2 = 0,4-0,5 mg/l, NO3 = 0,4-0,5 mg/l, NH3 = 0,2-0,3 mg/l, TAN = 2,2-2,4 mg/l no presentaron diferencias entre los tratamientos (P > 0,05. Los pesos finales de la cachama (173,5-196,2 g fueron entre dos y cuatro veces los obtenidos por la tilapia (43,0-87,9 g. El mejor rendimiento del bicultivo se obtuvo con la dieta T24 (11,4 ± 1,3 kg/m3, el cual también registró el menor FCA (0,9 ± 0,3. Producir un kilogramo de pescado costó entre COP $3.148 (T24 y COP $4.445 (T32; del cual el alimento representó entre 49,2% (T16 y 63,3% (T32 y la energía, entre 10,3% (T32 y 14,2% (T16 de los costos. El análisis proximal de los flóculos registró niveles de proteína bruta (29-36% PB adecuados para cachama y tilapia; pero con niveles bajos de lípidos (< 1,0%. El desempeño productivo y los costos de producción permiten sugerir la viabilidad que ofrece el sistema biofloc para la producción de carne de pescado con alimento de 24% PB de origen vegetal.

La dieta en el tratamiento de la litiasis renal: Bases fisiopatológicas

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Armando L. Negri

2013-06-01

Full Text Available La composición de la orina está influenciada por la dieta y la variación de factores dietarios han sido propuestos para modificar el riesgo de nefrolitiasis recurrente. Los nutrientes que han sido implicados incluyen el calcio, el oxalato, el sodio, las proteínas de origen animal, el magnesio y el potasio. Hay evidencias significativas que demuestran que una dieta alta en calcio se asocia con una reducción del riesgo litogénico. Uno de los posibles mecanismos para explicar esta aparente paradoja, es que la mayor ingesta de calcio se une en el intestino al oxalato dietario, reduciendo la absorción del mismo y su excreción urinaria. El oxalato de la dieta parece aportar solo una pequeña contribución a su excreción y es conveniente una restricción dietética sólo en aquellos con hiperoxaluria e hiperabsorción. Los estudios observacionales han mostrado una asociación positiva e independiente entre el consumo de sodio y la formación de nuevos cálculos renales. El consumo de proteínas de origen animal genera una carga ácida que aumenta la excreción urinaria de calcio y ácido úrico y reduce la de citrato, todos factores que podrían participar en la génesis de la litiasis. Alimentos ricos en potasio aumentan el citrato urinario debido a su contenido de álcalis. En estudios observacionales prospectivos, las dietas ricas en magnesio se asociaron con un menor riesgo de formación de cálculos renales en hombres. En conclusión, la dieta es un elemento central en el control del paciente con cálculos renales, pero siempre subordinada a los factores de riesgo metabólico hallados.

Efecto de la inclusión de diferentes niveles de morera (Morus alba en la calidad nutricional de ensilajes de sorgo (Sorghum almum

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A Alpízar

Full Text Available El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar el efecto de la inclusión de diferentes niveles de morera (Morus alba en la calidad nutricional de ensilajes de sorgo (Sorghum almum. Se evaluaron cinco proporciones de sorgo:morera (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 y 0:100, con un diseño completamente aleatorizado y tres réplicas por cada tratamiento. Las mezclas se hicieron en base fresca y se colocaron en tanques plásticos de 120 L. La compactación se realizó en capas de 20 cm, mediante el apisonamiento con los pies, y se adicionó melaza a razón del 4 % del peso del material verde. Los ensilajes fueron almacenados durante 40 días. Antes y después de la conservación, se determinó: la materia seca (MS, la proteína cruda (PC, la fibra neutro detergente (FND, la fibra ácido detergente (FAD, la hemicelulosa y las cenizas. Con el aumento del porcentaje de morera se incrementaron de manera significativa los contenidos de MS, PC y cenizas (p < 0,05. La FND, la FAD y la hemicelulosa tendieron a aumentar después de la conservación. Los valores de pH de las mezclas 100:0 (3,81, 75:25 (3,91 y 50:50 (3,89 tuvieron diferencias significativas (p < 0,01 respecto a 75:25 (4,05 y 0:100 (4,08. La valoración organoléptica mostró un proceso de conservación adecuado en todas las mezclas. Se concluye que la inclusión de 50 % de morera constituye una alternativa viable para mejorar la calidad nutricional del ensilaje de sorgo.

Drying of Durum Wheat Pasta and Enriched Pasta: A Review of Modeling Approaches.

Science.gov (United States)

Mercier, Samuel; Mondor, Martin; Moresoli, Christine; Villeneuve, Sébastien; Marcos, Bernard

2016-05-18

Models on drying of durum wheat pasta and enriched pasta were reviewed to identify avenues for improvement according to consumer needs, product formulation and processing conditions. This review first summarized the fundamental phenomena of pasta drying, mass transfer, heat transfer, momentum, chemical changes, shrinkage and crack formation. The basic equations of the current models were then presented, along with methods for the estimation of pasta transport and thermodynamic properties. The experimental validation of these models was also presented and highlighted the need for further model validation for drying at high temperatures (>-100°C) and for more accurate estimation of the pasta diffusion and mass transfer coefficients. This review indicates the need for the development of mechanistic models to improve our understanding of the mass and heat transfer mechanisms involved in pasta drying, and to consider the local changes in pasta transport properties and relaxation time for more accurate description of the moisture transport near glass transition conditions. The ability of current models to describe dried pasta quality according to the consumers expectations or to predict the impact of incorporating ingredients high in nutritional value on the drying of these enriched pasta was also discussed.

Pasta Primavera

Science.gov (United States)

... this page: https://medlineplus.gov/recipe/pastaprimavera.html Pasta Primavera To use the sharing features on this ... Total time: 25 minutes Number of Servings: 4 Pasta, vegetables, and a sprinkle of cheese make this ...

Papel protector de la dieta Mediterránea sobre el Índice de Hígado Graso. Estudio PREDIMED-Málaga

OpenAIRE

Cueto Galán, Raquel

2016-01-01

ANTECEDENTES La dieta Mediterránea está asociada con una disminución en la prevalencia del síndrome metabólico donde el hígado graso es el componente hepático. No obstante, los efectos de esta dieta sobre las enzimas hepáticas y el hígado graso apenas están explorados, es más, los mecanismos subyacentes en relación con el hígado graso y una dieta Mediterránea enriquecida con aceite de oliva o frutos secos no han sido aún estudiados. El Índice de Hígado Graso (FLI, Fatty Liver Index), ha si...

Ensayo de diferentes lecitinas en la dieta de juveniles de Penaeus vannamei (Crustacea: Decapoda

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Denisse Re-Araujo

2003-09-01

Full Text Available Para comparar diferentes niveles y calidades de lecitina se hizo un bioensayo nutricional con dietas isoenergéticas; para medir el crecimiento, la tasa de conversión alimenticia y sobrevivencia de juveniles de P. vannamei (290 mg ± 0.02. Las lecitinas experimentales fueron de calamar, lecitina liquida de soya (7%, lecitina desaceitada de soya (3.48% en combinación con aceite de pescado o lípidos neutros de calamar, en una formula parcialmente desaceitada. Las cinco dietas fueron administradas ad libitum con cuatro replicas (estanques de 15 camarones cada uno (5 x 4 x 15, durante 28 días. La mayor ganancia en peso fue (191% y FCR (1.69±0.041 fueron obtenidos con la dieta que contenía 7% de lecitina cruda de soya como única fuente de lípidos, seguida por la dieta que contenía 3.94% de lecitina desaceitada y 2.24% de aceite Menhaiden (172% y 2.03±0.054 respectivamente. Como se esperaba los resultados menos propicios fueron con la dieta que no contenía lecitina (121% y 2.42±0.129. La lecitina cruda de soya, cubrió los requerimientos de fosfolípidos y de lípidos neutrales, tanto como la dieta con lecitina desaceitada de soya con aceite de pescado o aceite de calamarThe effect of different lecithin sources and presentations on growth, food conversion ratio and survival of P. vannamei (290 mg ± 0.02 was studied. The bioassay was designed in order to compare different dietary levels and different quality of lecithin. Squid lecithin, crude soybean (7%, deoiled soybean lecithin (3.48% in combination with fish oil or squid neutral lipids, in a partially dilapidate formula. The isoenergetic diets were fed ad libitum to four replicate groups (tanks of 15 shrimps each (5 x 4 x 15, during 28 days. The result of the bioassay with the partially dilapidate formulas was; the best growth rate (191% and FCR (1.69±0.041 were obtained with the diet containing 7% of soybean crude lecithin as the unique lipid source. Followed by the diet countering 3

Efecto del smallanthus sonchifolius "yacón" en el tratamiento de hiperlipemias comparado con dieta sola y gemfibrozilo. Trujillo, 2007

OpenAIRE

Reyes Beltrán, María Esther Daisy

2009-01-01

Autor: María Esther Daisy Reyes Beltrán Título Tesis Doctoral: Efecto del Smallanthus sonchifolius “yacón” en el tratamiento de hiperlipemias comparado con dieta sola y gemfibrozilo. Trujillo, 2007. Asesor: Dr. Juan Jorge Huamán Saavedra. Páginas Totales: 40 Institución: Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo. El aumento de LDL colesterol y de triglicéridos y la disminución de HDL colesterol son factores de riesgo coronario. Es de interés saber si existe alguna variació...

Produção, caracterização nutricional e fermentativa de silagens de sorgo forrageiro e sorgo duplo propósito = Production, fermentation and nutritional characteristics of forage and double purpose sorghum silages

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Fernando Reimann Skonieski

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se com o trabalho avaliar a produtividade de cinco híbridos de sorgo forrageiro e cinco híbridos de sorgo duplo propósito, bem como caracterizar os parâmetros fermentativos e nutricionais das silagens confeccionadas a partir desses materiais. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso, com três repetições portratamento. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias dos híbridos, submetidas ao estudo de contrastes ortogonais, sorgo forrageiro “versus” sorgo duplo propósito. Todos os híbridos apresentam condições de ensilagem por meio da avaliação dos parâmetros fermentativos. As silagens elaboradas a partir de sorgoforrageiro apresentam menor teor de MS (33,01% e pH (3,86, contra 38,32% de MS e 3,97 de pH das silagens de sorgo duplo propósito. Silagens de sorgo forrageiro e sorgo duplo propósito apresentam valor nutricional semelhantes, porém, as silagens de sorgo duplo propósito apresentam maior teor de CEL (25,30% e K (1,16%. Os híbridos desorgo forrageiro produziram em média 17.527 kg ha-1 de MS, superior à produtividade média dos híbridos de sorgo duplo propósito de 13.006 kg ha-1 de MS.This work was set out to evaluate productivity, nutritional and fermentation characteristics of different sorghum cultivar silages. The experimental design was randomized blocks with three replications. The results were submitted to ANOVA and mean values of each cultivar were used for an orthogonal contrasts study (forage sorghum vs. double purpose sorghum silages. Results of fermentative characteristics showed that all cultivars presented potential forensilage. Double purpose sorghum silages showed higher (p < 0.05 dry matter content (38.32% when compared to forage sorghum silage (33.01%, as well as for pH values. Likewise, double purpose sorghum silages showed significant, increased levels of CEL (25.30% and K (1.16%. Forage sorghum cultivars showed higher (p < 0.05 productivity (17527 kg

A dieta com baixo teor de sódio é de fato indicada para todos os pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca estável? ¿La dieta con bajo nivel de sodio es de hecho una recomendación que sirve a todos los pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca estable? Is the low-sodium diet actually indicated for all patients with stable heart failure?

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Miyoko Nakasato

2010-01-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: Embora uma dietahipossódica seja indicada para a insuficiência cardíaca IC, não há evidência de que esta restrição seja benéfica para todos os pacientes. OBJETIVO: Estudar prospectivamente os efeitos agudos de uma dieta hipossódica em pacientes (pcs com insuficiência cardíaca (IC. Métodos: Cinqüenta pacientes ambulatoriais estáveis, com IC leve a moderada, que relataram consumir previamente 6,6 g sal/dia foram estudados. Na Fase 1, todos os pcs foram submetidos a uma dieta com 2 g de sal durante 7 dias, seguido por randomização em dois subgrupos (fase 2, para receber 6 g de sal/dia (subgrupo 1 ou 2 g de sal/dia, por 7 dias (subgrupo II. RESULTADOS: Fase 1: a dieta com 2 g de sal/dia reduziu o índice de massa corporal (IMC, sódio plasmático e sódio urinário, consumo de proteína, ferro, zinco, selênio e vitamina B12; aumentou os níveis plasmáticos de norepinefrina, nitrato, aldosterona sérica, e melhorou a qualidade de vida. Fase 2: para pcs com IMC baixo, o uso de 6 g de sal/dia diminuiu de forma aguda os níveis de norepinefrina, albumina e colesterol no plasma. Nenhuma diferença foi encontrada em pcs com IMC mais alto. CONCLUSÃO: A dieta com 2g de sal /dia para pcs com IC aumentou a ativação neuro-hormonal associada à progressão da IC. O IMC pode influenciar a resposta da ativação neurohormonal em uma dieta hipossódica na IC. Futuros estudos para testar a restrição à ingestão de sal por períodos mais longos são recomendados.FUNDAMENTO: Aunque se indica una dieta hiposódica para la IC, no hay evidencia de que esta restricción es beneficiosa para todos los pacientes. OBJETIVO: Estudiar prospectivamente los efectos agudos de una dieta hiposódica en pacientes (pcs con insuficiencia cardíaca (IC. MÉTODOS: Fueron estudiados cincuenta pacientes ambulatorios estables con IC leve a moderada, que relataron consumir previamente 6,6 g sal/día. En la fase I, todos los pcs fueron sometidos a una

Pastas de Rhodomonas salina (Cryptophyta como alimento para Brachionus plicatilis (Rotifera

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Miguel Guevara

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Pastas de Rhodomonas salina, obtenidas mediante centrifugación y floculación con quitosano y preservadas con o sin vitamina C, a -20°C fueron evaluadas bioquímicamente y proporcionadas como alimento al rotífero Brachionus plicatilis. Las pastas microalgales: (1 centrifugada y con vitamina C (CV, (2 centrifugada y sin vitamina C (C, (3 floculada y con vitamina C (FV y (4 floculada y sin adición de vitamina C (F; mantuvieron sus contenidos de proteínas y lípidos totales similares al cultivo control, con valores de 40.0±2.32% y 12.0±1.45%, respectivamente. La relación feofitina a/clorofila a fue similar (0.09-0.11 entre las pastas centrifugadas y el cultivo control, pero mayor en las pastas floculadas (1.28-1.48. Las pastas centrifugadas presentaron porcentajes de PUFAs totales, EPA y DHA similares al cultivo control (PUFAs: 47%, EPA: 4% y DHA: 4.7% y superiores al de las pastas floculadas. Las pastas obtenidas por centrifugación indujeron un crecimiento del rotífero igual al obtenido con el alimento control (densidad máxima: 320rotíferos/mL; tasa instantánea de crecimiento: 0.23rotíferos/día, fecundidad: 1.49huevos/ hembra y productividad: 43x103rotíferos/L/día. Se concluye que la pasta de R. salina centrifugada y congelada a -20°C, durante cuatro semanas, sin adición de vitamina C, mantiene su calidad nutricional similar a la del alga fresca y puede ser usada como alimento de Brachionus plicatilis.Rhodomonas salina (Cryptophyta pastes as feed for Brachionus plicatilis (Rotifera. Rotifers are an important live feed for first feeding larvae of many fish species. The use of concentrated algae cells in the mass culture of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis (Brachionidae has opened new horizons for research on this organism. Pastes of Rhodomonas salina (Pyrenomonadaceae obtained either by centrifugation or flocculation with chitosan were preserved, with or without vitamin C, at -20°C for four weeks and were evaluated

Degradabilidad ruminal de la planta de sorgo negro forrajero (sorghum almum en diferentes etapas de crecimiento

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Carlos Boschini

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Degradabilidad ruminal de la planta de sorgo negro forrajero (Sorghum almum en diferentes etapas de crecimiento. El trabajo se llevó a cabo con el propósito de conocer la degradabilidad ruminal de la materia seca del sorgo negro forrajero, cultivado en una zona alta de Costa Rica. Se tomaron muestras en diferentes etapas de crecimiento de la planta. El estudio se realizó en la Estación Experimental "Alfredo Volio Mata" de la Universidad de Costa Rica. El cultivo fue sembrado con 18 kg/ha de semilla (88% semilla pura germinable, distribuida a chorro continuo en surcos distanciados a 70 cm. Se fertilizó con 244 kg de la fórmula comercial 10-30-10 (N2, P2O5, K2O y a las seis semanas se aplicaron 45,5 kg/ha de nitrógeno. El primer muestreo se realizó a los 24 días de edad y los siguientes, cada 14 días, hasta los 150 días. Se determinó la degradabilidad potencial de la materia seca en las hojas, tallos, panojas. La degradabilidad potencial de la planta entera disminuyó de 90 a 75% conforme aumentó la edad durante los primeros 94 días. En el tallo, la fracción soluble disminuyó de 32 a 23%, mientras que la hoja bajó de 30 a 16%. La fracción degradable en el tallo disminuy ó de 57 a 46% con el desarrollo de la planta, en tanto que en la hoja aumentó de 56 a 69%. La velocidad de degradaci ón del tallo fue de 4,7 %/h a los 52 días y en la hoja de 8,6 %/h. De 66 a 94 días fue de 2,6%/h en el tallo y en la hoja de 5,4 %/h, 3,3 %/h y 3,8 %/h a los 66, 80 y 94 días, respectivamente

Composición de la pasta de cemento Pórtland (Parte II)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Brouwers, H.J.H.

2007-01-01

Esta es Ia segunda parte del articulo que revisa el trabajo de Powers y Brownyard (1948) quienes fueron los primeros que investigaron sistemáticamente a reaccion del cemento con el agua y Ia composicion de Ia pasta de cemento.

Palha de soja (Glycine max como substituto parcial da silagem de sorgo forrageiro (Sorghum bicolor ( L. Moench na alimentação de terneiros de corte confinados Soybean straw (Glycine max as a partial substitute of sorghum silage (Sorghum bicolor (L. Moench in the feeding of confined calves

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João Restle

2000-04-01

Full Text Available O experimento teve como objetivo avaliar a utilização da palha de soja como substituto parcial da silagem de sorgo forrageiro na fração volumosa da dieta de terneiros confinados, sendo testados os seguintes tratamentos: T0 constituído por 100% de silagem de sorgo; T33 constituído por 66,67% de silagem de sorgo, mais 33,33% de feno de palha de soja; T66 constituído por 33,33% de silagem de sorgo, mais 66,67% de feno de palha de soja. As dietas foram fornecidas durante 77 dias para terneiros cruzas Charolês-Nelore com peso e idade média inicial de 165,6kg e 11 meses, respectivamente. A dieta alimentar foi isonitrogenada com 14% de proteína bruta (PB na matéria seca (MS, sendo 20% suprida na forma de uréia. A relação volumoso:concentrado com base na MS, foi de 70:30. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de regressão sendo obtidas as seguintes equações de regressão: para ganho de peso médio diário em kg (GMD = 1,166273 - 0,00186 PI (peso inicial - 0,00351 NS (nível de substituição; consumo médio diário de MS em kg/100 kg peso vivo/dia (CMSPPV = 2,284983 + 0,002679 PI - 0,002303 NS; consumo médio diário de energia digestível Mcal/100kg peso vivo/dia (CEDPPV = 5,709589 + 0,010964 PI - 0,018736 NS; conversão alimentar (CA = - 4,426857 + 0,064579 PI + 0,023165 NS. Verificou-se que a cada aumento de 1% na substituição da silagem de sorgo por feno de palha de soja, ocorreu um decréscimo de 3,51g no GMD e 2,3g no CMSPPV, enquanto que a conversão alimentar piorou em 0,023 unidades. O aumento na proporção de palha de soja na dieta em substituição à silagem de sorgo resultou em um decréscimo linear no desempenho dos animais. No entanto, mesmo no maior nível de substituição, o ganho de peso médio diário foi satisfatório.The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the use of soybean straw as partial substitute for sorghum silage in the roughage fraction of the diet of confined calves, being tested the following

The PASTA Bridge: A Technique for the Arthroscopic Repair of PASTA Lesions.

Science.gov (United States)

Hirahara, Alan M; Andersen, Wyatt J

2017-10-01

PASTA (partial articular supraspinatus tendon avulsion) lesions of greater than 50% thickness are usually repaired, whereas those of less than 50% thickness receive subacromial decompression and debridement. However, tears of greater than 25% thickness of the tendon result in increased strain of the adjacent, intact tendon fibers. Re-creating the tendon footprint at the greater tuberosity is the goal of a repair. Transtendon repairs have been considered the gold standard in repair but have shown varying outcomes and are technically difficult procedures. This report details the PASTA bridge-a technique for the arthroscopic, percutaneous repair of PASTA lesions. The PASTA bridge uses a spinal needle to ensure the repair includes the leading edge of the good tissue and is at the appropriate angle and area. Most procedures use a knife or trocar blindly to access the joint to place anchors, which has the potential to damage surrounding tissues and result in poor anchor and suture placement. The PASTA bridge is a safe, reliable procedure that is easily reproducible and appropriate for surgeons of all experience levels and should be strongly considered when repairing PASTA lesions.

DIETA Y PREVENCIÓN SECUNDARIA DE LA ENFERMEDAD CARDIOVASCULAR

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Luis Alberto Ángel Arango

2011-01-01

Conclusiones. Las dietas de tipo mediterráneo y reductora del colesterol ricas en ácidos grasos omega-3 probablemente tienen un efecto favorable en la prevención cardiovascular secundaria (B-IIa, este efecto desaparece si se asocia con tratamiento farmacológico de los factores cardiovasculares de riesgo (B-III. Los ácidos grasos omega-3 probablemente incrementan la mortalidad en pacientes con angina y favorecen la recurrencia de arritmias ventriculares (B-III.

EFECTO DEL GENOTIPO Y DE LA DIETA EN LA DIGESTIBILIDAD RECTAL DE NUTRIENTES Y SALIDA FECAL DE CERDOS CRIOLLO CUBANO

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Julio Ly

2011-03-01

Full Text Available Se usaron cuatro cerdos Criollo Cubanos y cuatro cerdos Cubanos CC21, machos y con un peso inicial de 30 kg de acuerdo con un diseño de cambio en arreglo factorial 2 x 2 para estudiar el efecto del genotipo y de una dieta basada en cereales y granos conteniendo 6 o 12% de fibra cruda, en la digestibilidad rectal y salida fecal de materiales. El consumo de alimento fue igual a 100 g MS/kgPV0.75 por día, suministrado a las 9:00 h am en una sola ración. La fuente de fibra fue palmiche (fruto de palma real, Roystonea regia H.B.K. Cook suministrado seco y molido incluida al 20% al alimento. Los cerdos Criollo Cubanos fueron de la reserva genética localizada en el centro de Cuba (Cabaiguán y no estaban sujetos a ningún programa de mejoramiento genético. No hubo efecto significativo (P>0.05 de la interacción genotipo x dieta en ninguna medida. No se observaron diferencias (P>0.05 en la digestibilidad rectal de la MS, cenizas, materia orgánica, fibra cruda y nitrógeno entre los genotipos de cerdos; los promedios sólo muestran diferencias numéricas en favor de los cerdos CC21. De una manera similar, se halló que la dieta que contenía 12% de fibra, determinó un incremento no significativo (P>0.05 de la digestibilidad rectal de la fibra cruda o una reducción no significativa (P>0.05 de la digestibilidad rectal de la MS, materia orgánica y nitrógeno con respecto a la dieta sin harina de palmiche. La salida fecal de material fresco fue numéricamente mayor en los cerdos Criollo Cubanos y en la dieta con 12% de fibra (675 y 570 g/kg MS ingerida, pero sin efecto significativo (P>0.05. Se considera que la digestibilidad rectal de dietas basadas en granos y cereales que contengan 20% de harina de palmiche pudiera ser mayor en los cerdos Criollo Cubanos que en los mejorados, exóticos, en comparación con lo que ocurre con dietas suministrada ad libitum en animales alimentados con melaza de caña de az

Avaliação da matriz nutricional da enzima fitase em rações contendo sorgo para poedeiras comerciais Evaluation of the nutritional matrix values for phytase enzyme in laying hens diets with sorghum

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Elaine Cristina Ligeiro

2009-10-01

Full Text Available Avaliaram-se os efeitos da inclusão de fitase e de sua matriz nutricional em rações contendo sorgo sobre o desempenho das aves, a qualidade dos ovos, a ingestão e a excreção e retenção de fósforo e nitrogênio em poedeiras comerciais. Utilizaram-se 180 poedeiras comerciais, distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso em esquema fatorial 2 × 2 + 1, com dois níveis de fitase (0 e 500 FTU/kg de ração e dois níveis de substituição do milho pelo sorgo (50 e 100% e uma ração testemunha (isenta de sorgo e fitase, constituindo cinco tratamentos com seis repetições de seis aves. As rações foram à base de milho e farelo de soja, sem fitase e sorgo, considerando a matriz nutricional da fitase. O desempenho e a qualidade dos ovos foram avaliados em quatro períodos de 28 dias. Ao final do experimento, um ensaio de metabolismo foi realizado para quantificar a ingestão, excreção e retenção aparente de fósforo e nitrogênio e avaliar a viabilidade econômica das rações. Ao considerar a matriz nutricional da fitase, as exigências em energia, cálcio, fósforo, proteína e aminoácidos foram atendidas, mesmo com a redução dos níveis nutricionais da dieta, e o desempenho e a qualidade dos ovos não foram comprometidos. A adição de fitase nas rações possibilitou reduzir todos os parâmetros econômicos avaliados. O sorgo pode substituir totalmente o milho e ser o único grão energético da dieta.The effects were assessed of including phytase and its nutritional matrix in diets containing sorghum on the performance of the birds, egg quality, intake and phosphorus excretion and retention in laying hens. One hundred and eighty laying hens were arranged in a randomized complete design in a 2 × 2 + 1 factorial arrangement with two phytase levels (0 and 500 FTU/kg diet, two levels of corn replacement for sorghum (50 and 100% and a control diet (without phytase and sorghum forming five treatments and six replications of

Intake, digestibility, ruminal parameters, and microbial protein synthesis in crossbred steers fed diets based on Brachiaria grass silage and sorghum silage Consumo, digestibilidade, parâmetros ruminais e síntese de proteína microbiana em novilhos cruzados alimentados com dietas a base de silagem de braquiária e silagem de sorgo

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F.H.M. Chizzotti

2009-12-01

Full Text Available A trial was carried out with four Holstein x Nellore crossbred steers (225±22kg of BW fitted with ruminal and abomasal cannulaes in a 4 x 4 Latin Square design to evaluate the intake and the total and partial apparent digestibilities of nutrients, ruminal parameters, and microbial synthesis. Diets consisted of 60% silage and 40% concentrate formulated to be isonitrogenous (12.5% of crude protein, dry matter basis. Treatments consisted of different proportions of Brachiaria brizantha grass silage and sorghum silage: 100:0; 67:33; 33:67, and 0:100%, respectively, on dry matter basis. The intake of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, ether extract, non-fiber carbohydrates, and total digestible nutrients linearly increased (P0.05 by the treatments. The use of 67% of sorghum silage and 33% of grass silage increased intake and digestibility of nutrients without affecting ruminal pH, ruminal NH3-N, and microbial efficiency.Realizou-se um estudo com quatro novilhos cruzados Holandês x Nelore (225±22kg de peso vivo, canulados no rúmen e abomaso, distribuídos em quadrado latino 4 x 4 para avaliar o efeito de diferentes proporções de silagem de Braquiária brizantha e silagem de sorgo sobre o consumo e a digestibilidade dos nutrientes no trato digestório total e parcial, sobre os parâmetros ruminais e sobre a eficiência microbiana. As dietas continham 60% de volumoso e 40% de concentrado e foram formuladas para serem isonitrogenadas (12,5% de proteína bruta na matéria seca. Os tratamentos consistiram em diferentes proporções de silagens de Brachiaria brizantha e de sorgo: 100:0; 67:33; 33:67 e 0:100%, respectivamente (% da matéria seca. O consumo de matéria seca, matéria orgânica, proteína bruta, extrato etéreo, carboidratos não-fibrosos e nutrientes digestíveis totais aumentou linearmente (P0,05. O uso de 67% de silagem de sorgo com 33% de silagem de braquiária aumentou o consumo e a digestibilidade dos nutrientes sem afetar

Utilización de harina de yuca y soya integral cocida en dietas con dos formas de presentación para lechones de prelevante

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Yaruro Maria Liliana

1988-12-01

Full Text Available En lechones de prelevante (35 días 20kg se evaluó al reemplazo de 50 y 100% del maíz por harina de yuca en combinación con torta de soya y soya integral cocida (SIC. Presentada en forma de harina y peletizada. En ensayo tuvo un arreglo factorial de 2 x 2 x 2 + 1 ,5 replicaciones. Las unidades experimentales o camadas estuvieron constituidas por lo menos por 6 lechones puros o cruzados de las razas Yorkshire, Landrace y Duroc. No hubo diferencias (P<0.05 en consumo de alimento, aumento de peso, conversión alimenticia y edad para alcanzar 20 kg de peso debidas al reemplazo del maíz en la dieta. Hubo diferencias (P<0.01 en aumento de peso a tribuidas a la fuente de proteína de la dieta, produciendo mejores rendimientos la torta de soya + aceite que el grano cocido. Hubo diferencias (P < 0.01 en el consumo de alimento debidas a la forma de presentación del alimento. Las dietas en harina produjeron mejores rendimientos en consumo de alimento y aumento de peso, mientras que la conversión alimenticia fue mejor en las dietas peletizadas. Económicamente la mejor alternativa constituye la dieta con 100010 harina de yuca + torta de soya.In postweaning pigs (35 days, 20 kg was evaluated the replacement 50 % and 100 % of corn by cassava meal, using soybean meal (SBM and whole coocked soybean in a meal or pelleted diet. The experiment was conducte with a complete random design and a factorial arrangement 2 x 2 x 2 + 1 and 5 replications. Each experimental unit was constitutive for a Iitter with a minimum of 6 piglets, pure and (or crossbred (Yorkshire, Duroc, Landrace. Diets were formulated to meet the nutrient requirements followed by NRC (1979, except energy requirements (3600 Kcal M.E. /kg. Were no differences (P< 0.05 in feed consumption, weight gain, feed conversion and days to reach 20kg live wight in pigs due to the replacement of 50 % and 100 % of corn by cassava meal, there were differences(P<0.05 in weight gain due to the protein source

Efecto de la cantidad y del tipo de grasa de la dieta sobre la función reguladora del endotelio durante el estado posprnadial en pacientes con síndrome metabólico

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Moreno Conde, Mirian

2013-01-01

Introducción. La etiología del síndrome metabólico (SM) es en gran medida desconocida, aunque probablemente sea la consecuencia de una compleja interacción entre factores genéticos, metabólicos y ambientales, entre los que destaca la dieta y sobre todo la calidad y la cantidad de la grasa. Hipótesis de trabajo: La ingesta de una dieta con alto contenido en ácidos grasos monoinsaturados (HMUFA) podría mejorar la función reguladora del endotelio en situación postprandial en pa...

Rendimiento y valor nutricional de tres variedades de sorgo dulce cultivadas en cuatro ambientes de Durango

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Rafael Jiménez Ocampo

2017-04-01

Full Text Available El sorgo dulce muestra alto rendimiento de forraje para la alimentación de rumiantes. El objetivo fue evaluar el rendimiento y calidad forrajera de tres variedades de sorgo en Durango. En 2014, se evaluaron las variedades Lico, TOM 3 y Mercedes, en la Colonia Hidalgo (CH, Campo Experimental Valle del Guadiana (CEVAG, La Soledad (LS y La Goma (LG. El diseño experimental fue completamente aleatorio con arreglo factorial y cinco repeticiones. Se evaluó forraje verde (FV, forraje seco (FS, proteína cruda (PC, digestibilidad verdadera in vitro (DIVMS, fibra detergente neutra (FDN, fibra detergente ácida (FDA, lignina (L, celulosa (Cel, hemicelulosa (HE, valor relativo (VRF y calidad relativa del forraje (CRF. Se observaron diferencias significativas (P≤0.01 y 0.05 entre ambientes y variedades para FV, FS, L, VRF y CRF y entre ambientes para PC, FDN, FDA, CEL, HE y DIVMS. En CEVAG, se registró el mayor rendimiento de FV (75.9 t ha-1 y FS (12.4 t ha-1. El valor más alto de PC se obtuvo en LG (10 %; mientras que la DIVMS fue alta en LS (78.2 % y más baja en LG (63.9 %. El contenido de L fue más alto en CH (6.3 % y LG (6.2 %; mientras que, en LS fue de 3.4 %. Exceptuando LG, en todos los ambientes se obtuvo alta calidad forrajera (CRF= 106.7 a 135.0 %. El sorgo es una opción forrajera en Durango, aunque debe cuidarse la fecha de siembra y cosecha, control de insectos, riego y fertilización para incrementar el rendimiento y calidad nutricional.

Características de carcaça e parâmetros de qualidade de carne de bovinos jovens alimentados com grãos úmidos de milho ou sorgo

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Mauricio Scoton Igarasi

2008-03-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se, com este estudo, verificar as diferenças nas características da carcaça, assim como nos parâmetros qualitativos da carne de novilhos jovens alimentados com dietas contendo silagem de grão úmido de milho ou sorgo. Foram utilizados dois tratamentos experimentais, nos quais a dieta total possuía como ingrediente energético principal a silagem de grão úmido de milho (TMU ou a silagem de grão úmido de sorgo (TSU. Trinta e seis novilhos inteiros F1 Red Angus ´ Nelore com 8 meses de idade e peso médio inicial de 240 kg foram alimentados durante 172 dias e abatidos em seguida. O experimento foi conduzido em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Houve similaridade para o ganho de peso diário, ganho de peso total e peso final de abate. Não foi verificada diferença para o rendimento de carcaça, assim como para os rendimentos de dianteiro, traseiro e ponta de agulha. Os tratamentos TMU e TSU não afetaram os escores para cor, conformação e acabamento de gordura da carcaça. Marmorização, área de olho-de-lombo, espessura de gordura subcutânea e gordura perirenal, assim como as avaliações químicas da carne (proteína bruta e lipídios totais, também não diferiram entre os tratamentos. As dietas experimentais não afetaram a maciez da carne, assim como as perdas físicas no processo de cozimento (gotejamento e evaporação. Concluiu-se que a substituição integral da silagem de grão úmido de milho pela silagem de grão úmido de sorgo não alterou as características qualitativas e quantitativas da carcaça de bovinos jovens em confinamento.Thirty-six Angus ´ Nelore crossbred young bulls averaging 8 month of age and 240 kg BW and fed diets with high moisture corn or sorghum during 172 days were allotted to two experimental treatments (where the main energy source of total diet was composed by high moisture corn - HMC or sorghum - HMS to evaluate the differences on carcass and meat quality of young cattle. The

Dieta del cangrejo dulceacuícola Bottiella niceforei (Schmitt & Pretzmann, 1968 (Decapoda: Trichodactylidae y su relación con el procesamiento de la materia orgánica en una corriente intermitente del noroeste de Venezuela

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Raúl Pirela

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Para aproximarse al rol que tiene el cangrejo de río Bottiella niceforei en el procesamiento de materia orgánica, en una corriente intermitente al noroeste de Venezuela, se estudió su dieta natural, mediante el análisis del contenido del tracto digestivo entre junio 2009 y febrero 2010. Se determinó la abundancia de los cangrejos sobre la base de la proporción de individuos capturados por trampas, a lo largo del muestreo, y en cada pozo. Las mayores densidades ocurrieron en septiembre (2,7 ind trampa-1, seguido de junio (2,3 ind trampa-1 y julio (2,1 ind trampa-1, mientras que las menores se obtuvieron de noviembre a febrero, posiblemente debido al efecto erosivo de la corriente durante la época de lluvia. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en la abundancia y dieta entre pozos. De junio a noviembre, se encontró que el ítem más abundante en la dieta fue el detrito vegetal, con una frecuencia de ocurrencia promedio de 68%; en segundo lugar, materia animal (restos de peces con 50% y detrito vegetal amorfo con 14%. Estos resultados demuestran la importancia de la participación del cangrejo B. niceforei en el procesamiento de la materia orgánica en forma de hojarasca en los pozos de caño Carichuano.

Utilización del jugo de caña a voluntad con diferentes suplementos protéicos en pollos de engorde en finalización

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Ramírez Náder Luis Miguel

1989-06-01

Full Text Available Se evaluó el efecto del suministro del jugo de caña a voluntad con diferentes suplementos protéicos en dietas para pollos de engorde sobre los rendimientos biológicos y los resultados económicos, comparados con una dieta balanceada convencional con base en el sorgo. Las variables experimentales consistieron en 4 dietas (tratamientos que presentaron como fuente de variación el contenido proteico: tratamiento control (alimento balanceado con 18 % de proteína, sin jugo de caña, tratamientos T2, T3 Y T4, (suplementos del 24,28 Y 35010 de proteína respectivamente más jugo de caña suministrado a voluntad. El aumento de peso no arrojó diferencia significativa entre tratamientos (P< 0.051. El consumo de jugo presentó diferencias altamente significativas entre tratamientos. El consumo de suplemento proteico tendió a disminuir con el aumento del consumo de jugo. El consumo total de materia seca arrojó efecto significativo debido a los tratamientos. El consumo de agua fue mayor en las aves del tratamiento control. Las aves que tuvieron acceso al jugo de caña presentaron apreciable distensión de los órganos del tracto intestinal. El mayor ingreso monetario se obtuvo con el tratamiento control y el mayor costo variable en el T4.An experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect to give ad libitum sugar cane juice with different proteic supplements for feed chicken on the biological yields and their economics results in comparison with a conventional balanced diet based in sorghum. The experimental varieties were made up of 4 diets (treatments, which varied in terms of the content of protein: control treatment (complet balanced feed 18010 protein without sugar cane juice treatments T2, T3, T4 (supplemented with 24,28 and 35 % of protein respectivelly plus sugar juice ad Iibitum. Weight gain did not show significant difference between treatments (P < 0.05. Sugar cane juice consumption showed highly signific.ant differences between

Fitomassa e relação C/N em consórcios de sorgo e milho com espécies de cobertura Biomass and C/N ratio in intercrops of sorghum and maize with cover crops

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Paulo Claudeir Gomes da Silva

2009-11-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi quantificar a produtividade de fitomassa, o teor e acúmulo de nitrogênio (N, e a relação carbono/nitrogênio (C/N de monocultivos de sorgo (Sorghum bicolor e milho (Zea mays e de seus consórcios com guandu-anão (Cajanus cajan, crotalária (Crotalaria juncea, tremoço branco (Lupinus albus, girassol (Helianthus annuus e nabo-forrageiro (Raphanus sativus, manejados em diferentes estádios. O experimento foi conduzido de março a julho de 2008, em Argissolo Vermelho distroférrico de textura média, no sistema plantio direto. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos completos ao acaso, com quatro repetições, e parcelas subdivididas, constituído pelos tratamentos: monocultivos de sorgo e milho e seus respectivos consórcios com guandu-anão, crotalária, girassol, nabo-forrageiro e tremoço branco, nas parcelas; e épocas de corte, aos 60, 90 e 120 dias após a semeadura nas subparcelas. Consórcios de sorgo e milho com outras espécies superaram expressivamente a produtividade de fitomassa de seus monocultivos que ainda acumularam menos N e apresentaram maiores relações C/N na fitomassa. Para aumentar a produtividade de fitomassa, a melhor época de corte é aos 120 dias após a semeadura das culturas de cobertura. O corte aos 90 dias após a semeadura propicia o maior acúmulo de N e as menores relações C/N.The objective of this work was to quantify the biomass production, the content and accumulation of nitrogen (N and the carbon/nitrogen (C/N relation in monocultures of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor and corn (Zea mays, and intercrops with pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan, sun hemp (Crotalaria juncea, white lupine (Lupinus albus, sunflower (Helianthus annuus and turnip forage (Raphanus sativus, managed in different stages. The experiment was carried out from March to July 2008, in a Haplic Acrisol, medium texture, under no-tillage. A randomized complete block design, with four replicates and split plots with the

Composición química y calidad sensorial de jamones curados provenientes de cerdos alimentados con una dieta rica en ácido oleico y pasturas

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Ana Echenique

2011-05-01

Full Text Available La dieta animal es uno de los factores que más incide sobre la calidad de los productos porcinos. En este trabajo se evaluó el efecto de la utilización de semilla de girasol de alto oleico (SGAO y pasturas sobre la calidad química y sensorial del jamón curado. Se analizaron jamones provenientes de 60 cerdos faenados a los 145 kg. Éstos fueron sometidos a cuatro tratamientos, consistentes en el suministro de dietas con diferente aporte lipídico en cantidad y composición química, con y sin acceso a pasturas: i ración estándar, sin pasturas; ii ración estándar, con pasturas; iii ración con SGAO, sin pasturas, y iv ración con SGAO, con pasturas.Se evaluaron parámetros físico-químicos y sensoriales de jamones obtenidos luego de un curado tradicional de nueve meses. La ración con SGAO dio lugar a jamones con una mayor proporción de C18:1(9 y menor de ácidos grasos saturados en relación a la estándar. Las pasturas incidieron sobre el color y determinaron una mayor proporción de C18:3(3 y C22:6(3. Se concluye que con una dieta compuesta por SGAO y pasturas se obtienen jamones con mayor proporción de ácidos grasos oleico y 3 yrelaciones 6/3 más favorables para la salud humana, sin que se vean afectados atributos sensoriales.Palabras clave: Porcinos, sistema de alimentación, ácidos grasos, calidad.AbstractOne of the most important factors that determine the quality of pork products is the pig´s diet. This study was performed to evaluate the use of sun ower seed with high oleic acid (HOSS and the use of pastures on the chemical and sensorial quality of dry-cured ham. Dry-cured hams from 60 pigs slaughtered at 145 kg were analyzed. These animals were fed with two diets with different lipid content and chemical composition, and with and without access to pastures: i standard diet without pastures;ii standard diet with pastures; iii diet with HOSS without pastures and iv diet with HOSS with pastures. Dry-cured hams obtained after

Contribución al conocimiento del barniz o "Mopa-mopa', Elaeagia pastoensis mora

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Mejía G. Mario

1987-03-01

Full Text Available En la dieta de 252 gallinas semipesadas en postura (42 a 62 semanas se incluyeron 3 niveles (0,25 Y 50 o/o de harina de yuca (HY combinados con torta de soya (TS y soya integral cocida (SIC. No hubo diferencias (P < o igual 0.05 debidas a los niveles de HY; sin embargo, aumentaron el porcentaje de postura y el consumo y disminuyeron el peso del huevo y la coloración de la yema conforme se incrementaron los niveles de HY. Las dietas con 50 % y O% de HY presentaron respectivamente la mejor conversión por docena de huevo y por kilogramo de huevo producido. Hubo diferencia (P < o igual 0.05 con la mejor respuesta en consumo de alimento, producción y peso del huevo, conversión alimenticia por kg de huevo producido y coloración de la yema por el uso de SIC en reemplazo de TS en dietas a base de sorgo y HY. Sin embargo no hubo diferencias (P < o igual O.05 debidas a la interacción de los niveles de yuca por la fuente de proteína. El mejor beneficio neto se obtuvo con la dieta que contenía O% de harina de yuca (100 % sorgo + SIC.An experiment was conducted with 252 laying hens (42 to 62 weeks age to evaluate the use of three levels (0,25 Y 50 % of cassava flour (CF in combination with soy bean meal (SBM and whole cooked soy bean (WCSB in the diet. There were no differences (P < 0.05 due to the CF levels; however, production o lo and feed consumption increased, egg weight and yoIk color decreased when increased the levels of CF; the diets with 0% and 50 % CF had respectly the best conversion/dozen egg and conversion/kg egg. There were differences (P < 0.05 with a best response in feed consumption, egg production, egg weight, feed consumption/kg egg production, egg weight, feed consumption/kg egg produced and yolk color due to the use of WCSB replacing SBM in diets containing milo and C F for laying hens. The interaction level of cassava x protein source was not significant (P < 0.05. Economically the best net benefic was obtained with the diet

Evaluación de la susceptibilidad a Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi Goid en diferentes variedades e híbridos comerciales de sorgo en Sinaloa, México

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Tomás Moreno Gallegos

2017-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar la reacción a M. phaseolina de tres variedades experimentales y siete variedades d e polinización libre del INIFAP, así como 14 híbridos comerciales de sorgo, con la finalidad de identificar variedades e híbridos que puedan presentar tolerancia o menor susceptibilidad a esta enfermedad. Los experimentos se establecieron en Culiacán, Sina loa, México, durante los ciclos Primavera - Verano de 2010 y 2011, bajo condiciones de campo en temporal. Se utilizó un diseño de bloques al azar en cada experimento con tres repeticiones y un análisis combinado para los dos ciclos agrícolas. La parcela expe rimental consistió en inocular 10 plantas con mondadientes infectados del hongo. El análisis de varianza detecto diferencias significativas (p<0.05 en longitud de lesión ocasionada por el hongo entre años. En el ciclo 2010, se observó una longitud de lesi ón promedio significativamente mayor (10.10 cm en comparación con el ciclo 2011 (5.79 cm. Los genotipos con menor longitud de lesión en promedio de los dos ambientes fueron: Fortuna y Mazatlán - 16 (3.5 y 4.95 cm, respectivamente . L os genotipos con mayor longitud de lesión fueron Kilate, G - STAR - 7402 y G - STAR - 7205 (13.2, 15.7 y 16.65 cm, respectivamente. No existió correlación entre la longitud de lesión y rendimiento de grano. Las variedades Fortuna y Mazatlán - 16 mostraron menor daño a M. phaseolina , por lo cual se sugieren para siembras de temporal y como progenitores en la formación de híbridos de sorgo tolerantes a esta enfermedad.

Enrichment of pasta with different plant proteins.

Science.gov (United States)

Kaur, Gurpreet; Sharma, Savita; Nagi, H P S; Ranote, P S

2013-10-01

Effects of supplementation of plant proteins from mushroom powder, Bengal gram flour and defatted soy flour at different levels were assessed on the nutritional quality of pasta. Supplementation of wheat semolina was done with mushroom powder (0-12%), Bengal gram flour (0-20%) and defatted soy flour (0-15%). Mushroom powder and defatted soy flour increased the cooking time of pasta whereas non significant variation was observed in cooking time of Bengal gram supplemented pasta. Significant correlation (r = 0.97, p ≤ 0.05) was observed between water absorption and volume expansion of pasta. Instantization of pasta by steaming improved the cooking quality. Steamed pasta absorbed less water and leached fewer solids during cooking. On the basis of cooking and sensory quality, pasta in combination with 8% mushroom powder, 15% Bengal gram flour and 9% defatted soy flour resulted in a better quality and nutritious pasta.

Efecto de la administración subcrónica de glucosamina oral en la regulación del peso corporal, glucemia y dislipidemias provocada por una dieta hipercalórica en rata Wistar

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Cornelio Barrientos Alvarado

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Este estudio evaluó el efecto de la glucosamina oral en el sobrepeso y dislipidemia provocada por una dieta hipercalórica en ratas. Métodos: En 4 grupos de ratas Wistar: alimentados con dieta comercial para roedores y agua de beber sin grupo de control y con glucosamina (500 mg/kg-1 por día grupo glucosamina y con dieta hipercalórica enriquecida al 24% (g/g compuesta por manteca de cerdo y agua de beber sin grupo hipercalórico y con glucosamina grupo hipercalórico + grupo glucosamina, durante 22 semanas, se evaluaron el peso corporal, grasa abdominal, niveles de glucemia, triglicéridos, colesterol total y lipoproteínas de alta densidad en suero. Resultados: Se observó un aumento del peso corporal y glucemia en suero con dislipidemias en el grupo con dieta hipercalórica grupo hipercalórico versus grupo de controle (p0.05 y regulándose el peso corporal, las lipoproteínas de alta densidad y la glucemia basal (p<0.05. Conclusion: La glucosamina reguló el peso corporal y la glucemia en sangre y minimizó las dislipidemias provocadas por la dieta hipercalórica, favoreciendo el aumento de colesterol lipoproteínas de alta densidad en las ratas. No afectó el peso corporal y el metabolismo lipídico cuando se administró con dieta comercial.

EFECTO DEL USO DE ADITIVOS EN DIETAS DE CODORNICES REPRODUCTORES (Coturnix coturnix japonica) BAJO CONDICIONES DE VERANO EN LA COSTA CENTRAL

OpenAIRE

Ciriaco Castañeda, Pedro; Facultad Zootecnia, Dpto. de Produccion Animal de la Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina (Perú).; Roncal Ñañez, Henry David; Ing. Zootecnista (Perú).

2016-01-01

Se evaluaron los efectos de la adición en la dieta de 0.05% del Complejo B, 0.05% de Vitamina C, 0.2% de Bicarbonato de Sodio y 0.05% de Ácido Acetil Salicílico, sobre los parámetros productivos y reproductivos de codornices japonesas en época de verano en la costa central del Perú (Lima), con temperatura ambiental promedio de 25°C. Codornices reproductores (270 hembras y 90 machos) de 48 días de edad, fueron distribuidas en cinco tratamientos (4 con aditivos y una dieta control) con tres rep...

[Quality of pastas supplemented with rice bran].

Science.gov (United States)

Sangronis, E; Rebolledo, M A

1997-06-01

The objective of this research was to investigate the potential of using rice bran as an ingredient in pastas spaghetti type. Two of the pastas were made with semolina from durum as raw material, supplemented with 10 and 20% rice bran. The other two were made with granular flour and the same percentage of rice bran. Proximate composition of raw material was analyzed. Pastas were elaborated in a local industry. Composition, proximal, color, texture, and sensorial quality of pastas were determined. Protein content (13.9-15.0%), ash (1.47-3.09%) and dietary fiber (6.71-8.45%) of pastas increased according to the percentage of rice bran added. The hardest pastas were those elaborated with semolina from durum wheat and with a 10% of substitution. Also, they were the most yellow. The sensory panel found differences in quality among the pastas evaluated. Pastas with 10% rice bran had the best quality. The results demonstrated that is possible to elaborate pastas with 20% as maximum of rice bran resulting products with high protein, ash and dietetic fiber content, but some undesirable characteristics were given by the rice bran as white spots, wrinkles and color changes.

Transport Properties in Nuclear Pasta

Science.gov (United States)

Caplan, Matthew; Horowitz, Charles; Berry, Donald; da Silva Schneider, Andre

2016-09-01

At the base of the inner crust of neutron stars, where matter is near the nuclear saturation density, nuclear matter arranges itself into exotic shapes such as cylinders and slabs, called `nuclear pasta.' Lepton scattering from these structures may govern the transport properties of the inner crust; electron scattering from protons in the pasta determines the thermal and electrical conductivity, as well as the shear viscosity of the inner crust. These properties may vary in pasta structures which form at various densities, temperatures, and proton fractions. In this talk, we report on our calculations of lepton transport in nuclear pasta and the implication for neutron star observables.

Calidad de la dieta "antes y durante" un tratamiento de pérdida de peso basado en dieta mediterránea, terapia conductual y educación nutricional

OpenAIRE

Eva María Morales-Falo; Carmen Sánchez-Moreno; Alberto Esteban; Juan José Alburquerque; Marta Garaulet

2013-01-01

Introducción: El método de pérdida de peso (dieta mediterránea, terapia de comportamiento y educación nutricional) ha mostrado ser efectivo en el tratamiento de la obesidad. Objetivo: El objetivo del presente trabajo es evaluar y comparar la calidad de las dietas ingeridas antes y durante el tratamiento mediante el Índice de Alimentación Saludable (IAS) y su relación con diferentes variables. Materiales y métodos: La muestra fue de 392 pacientes (330 mujeres, 62 hombres), edad 39,3 ± 11,5 año...

Manipulação do Corte do Sorgo (Sorghum bicolor, L. Moench para Confecção de Silagem, Visando a Produção do Novilho Superprecoce Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor, L. Moench Cutting Height During Silage Processing for Young Beef Cattle Production

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João Restle

2002-06-01

Full Text Available O experimento foi conduzido com o objetivo de estudar os parâmetros relativos ao consumo de alimentos, ganho de peso, conversão alimentar e eficiência energética de bezerros de corte em confinamento, alimentados com duas dietas, com inclusão de silagem de sorgo AG-2006 colhida em duas alturas de corte: corte baixo (14 cm e corte alto (45 cm. Foram utilizados 12 bezerros Braford com idade média de sete meses e peso médio inicial de 208 kg. O período de confinamento foi de 126 dias, subdividido em dois períodos de 63 dias, em que a relação volumoso:concentrado, para ambas as dietas testadas, foi de 60:40 e 50:50, respectivamente, para o primeiro e segundo períodos. A silagem produzida pelo corte alto apresentou menor teor de FDN (42,57 contra 52,24% e maior DIVMO (63,67 contra 53,59%. Não houve interação entre altura de corte e período de avaliação em confinamento para os parâmetros relativos aos consumos diários de matéria seca (CMS e de energia digestível (CED, expressos nas diferentes formas, ao ganho de peso médio diário (GMD e à eficiência energética (CE. A elevação da altura de corte de 14 para 45 cm das plantas de sorgo para produção de silagem não afetou o CMS (7,60 contra 7,70 kg/dia, o CED (21,62 contra 23,83 Mcal/dia, o GMD (1,233 contra 1,375 kg e a eficiência energética (17,53 contra 17,31 Mcal/kg de PV, respectivamente. Animais que tiveram a silagem de sorgo colhida a 45 cm incluída na dieta alimentar foram mais eficientes na transformação da matéria seca consumida em ganho de peso em relação à dieta com silagem de sorgo colhida a 14 cm de altura (5,60 contra 6,17 kg de MS/kg de PV.The experiment was conducted with the objective to evaluate the parameters of dry matter intake, weight gain, feed conversion and energy efficiency of young feedlot steers, fed with two diets that included the AG-2006 sorghum silage harvested with different cutting heights: low cut (14 cm and high cut (45 cm. Twelve

Características físicas y composicionales de pastas de gres porcelánico con arcillas de Teruel

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Lazaro, A.

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Stoneware pots were produced in the temperature range 1120-1220 using as raw materials ball clays from the mining area of Teruel (Spain with additions of feldspars and without quartz additions. Data about water absorption, shrinkage, flexural strength and colour space (L a* b* are provided, as well as semiquantitative estimations of the crystalline phases in the bodies using the reference intensity method. The results fulfil the norm ISO-13006 regarding water absorption and mechanical strength at 1185 °C. In addition, it is shown that the intensity reference method was a good alternative to more advanced quantitative methods.

Se desarrollaron pastas de gres porcelánico, elaboradas con arcillas de la zona minera de Teruel, con adiciones de feldespatos comerciales y sin adición de cuarzo, en el intervalo de temperatura 1120-1220. Se incluyen datos de absorción de agua, contracción lineal, resistencia a flexión y determinaciones de blancura (L a* b*, así como estimaciones semicuantitativas de fases cristalinas por el método de las intensidad de referencia. Se obtuvieron resultados cumpliendo con la norma ISO -13006 respecto a absorción de agua y resistencia mecánica a 1185 °C. Además, se demostró la conveniencia del método de las intensidades de referencia como alternativa a métodos cuantitativos más avanzados.

Valoración de una dieta hipercalórica en el desarrollo de osteoporosis en ratas Sprague-Dawley gonadectomizadas

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Mónica A. Gutiérrez

1995-09-01

Full Text Available El trabajo se inició con 34 ratas Sprague-Dawley de siete semanas de edad, de las cuales 26 se sometieron a gonadectomía bilateral para inducirles la menopausia. El grupo control quedó constituido por las restantes 8 ratas no gonadectomizadas. Para evaluar la influencia de la dieta hipercalórica en el desarrollo de osteoporosis, a 13 ratas gonadectomizadas se les suministró una dieta rica en grasa (grupo A, mientras que las otras 13 ratas (grupo B y el grupo control recibieron una dieta regular. Cinco meses después de la ovariectomía, la dieta hipercalórica causó la disminución del contenido de calcio en vértebras lumbares (L3, L4 y L5, mostrándose el efecto de la dieta en cuanto a que, bajo la ingesta de los demás nutrientes, se modificó su utilización, causando una desnutrición generalizada y cooperando así con el proceso de génesis de la osteoporosis. La ovariectomía indujo cambios hormonales que favorecieron el proceso de desmineralización condicionante de osteoporosis, validándose así el modelo experimental.

Androesterilidad genético citoplasmática en sorgo : empleo de los citoplasmas A2 yA3

OpenAIRE

Shaw, María; Shaw, Carlos Eduardo; Goldemberg, José B.

1988-01-01

p.117-122 En la producción de híbridos de sorgo, el uso continuo de un mismo citoplasma (Milo), ocasiona reducción de la variabilidad genética, pues todas las madres de los híbiridos comerciales deben poseer dicho citoplasma. Se ha confirmado la existencia de citoplasmas diferentes al Milo (A1) como proniotores de androesterilidad en sorgo (denominados A2 y A3). Fin este trabajo se evaluó la reacción de diez lineas puras de sorgo, usadas comunmente en la producción de híbridos comerciales,...

Anaerobic biodigestion of pigs feces in the initial, growing and finishing stages fed with diets formulated with corn or sorghum Biodigestão anaeróbia de dejetos de suínos nas diferentes fases alimentados com dietas formuladas com milho ou sorgo

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Adélia P. Miranda

2012-02-01

Full Text Available The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality and the production of biogas and biofertilizer obtained from biodigester supplied with pig feces in the initial, growing and finishing stages, fed with diets formulated based on corn or sorghum. Twenty bench biodigesters were used with hydraulic retention time of 30 days and daily loads that contained 4 to 6% of total solids (TS and 3.6 to 5.2% of volatile solids (VS. In the effluent of the biodigesters, mean levels of TS were observed ranging between 1.6 and 2.0% and of VS between 1.2 and 1.6%. The mean reductions of TS were 57.7 to 64.7% and of VS from 61.7 to 69.0%, and there was only difference in the finishing phase, in which the major averages reductions were produced by the biodigesters supplied with feces from animals fed with diets based on corn. In biodigesters supplied with feces from animals in the initial and growing stages fed with diets based on corn, were observed higher average productions of biogas and the greatest average potentials of biogas production. The average potentials obtained were 0.033; 0.181; 0.685; 0.788 and 1.132 m³ per kg of affluent, manure, TS added, VS added and VS reduced, respectively. No differences were found on the average content of methane in the biogas between diets and stages. The average concentrations of nutrients N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in the biodigester affluent and effluent, ranged between diets and stages.Objetivou-se avaliar a produção e a qualidade do biogás e do biofertilizante obtidos em biodigestores abastecidos com dejetos de suínos, nas fases inicial, crescimento e terminação, alimentados com dietas formuladas à base de milho ou sorgo. Foram utilizados 20 biodigestores de bancada, com tempo de retenção hidráulica de 30 dias, e cargas diárias que continham 4,0 a 6,0% de sólidos totais (ST e 3,6 a 5,2% de sólidos voláteis (SV. Nos efluentes dos biodigestores, foram verificados teores médios de ST

Estado nutricional, calcio en dieta, actividad física y su relación con la densidad masa ósea en mujeres en edad fértil, Puno e Ilave 2006

OpenAIRE

Quispe Romero, Amalia Felícitas

2008-01-01

El estudio se realizó con el objetivo de comparar ESTADO NUTRICIONAL, CALCIO EN DIETA, ACTIVIDAD FISICA Y SU RELACION CON LA DENSIDAD MASA OSEA EN MUJERES EN EDAD FÉRTIL, DE LAS CIUDADES DE PUNO E lLAVE 2006. El tipo y diseño de la investigación descriptiva de corte transversal, el universo constituido por todas las mujeres en edad fértil de la ciudad de Puno e llave con un muestreo estratificado al azar 43 Puno y 41 llave. Se aplicó el método de la encuesta, para la determinación de masa óse...

Nutritional, antioxidant, microstructural and pasting properties of functional pasta

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Amir Gull

2018-04-01

Full Text Available The present study aimed to characterize millet-pomace based pasta on the basis of functional, morphological, pasting and nutritional properties with control pasta (100% durum semolina. Functional pasta was developed by using blend of 20% finger millet flour, 12% pearl millet flour, 4% carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC and 64% composite flour containing durum semolina and carrot pomace. Nutritional analysis of developed pasta showed high content of minerals viz calcium, iron, zinc and dietary fiber compared to control pasta. The developed pasta showed better quality characteristics in terms of cooked weight, swelling index and water absorption. Color evaluation of developed pasta showed increase in L∗ and b∗ values. Phenolic content and antioxidant activity of developed pasta was significantly higher with respect to control. Also significant (p < 0.05 variations were observed in pasting properties between pasta samples. Microstructure evaluation of cooked pasta showed better interaction between starch and protein matrix with addition of carboxy methyl cellulose gum. Keywords: Pasta, Phenolic content, Antioxidant activity, Nutritional properties, Microstructure

Variables antropométricas, hábitos y dietas alimentarias en adolescentes y jóvenes: diferencias en función del sexo

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Carmen Maganto

Full Text Available Resumen El estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar las diferencias entre sexos en variables antropométricas (reales, percibidas y deseadas, en hábitos alimentarios, y en el uso de dietas alimentarias. Los participantes fueron 1.075 adolescentes y jóvenes de 14 a 25 años (49.9 % varones, 50.1 % mujeres. Con un diseño descriptivo y comparativo, se administraron tres instrumentos de evaluación. Los resultados confirman muchas diferencias significativas entre sexos. En variables antropométricas las chicas se perciben más obesas de lo que están y desean estar más delgadas; los chicos se perciben igual o más delgados de lo que están y desean tener un volumen corporal superior. Los chicos desean tener un Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC superior y las chicas inferior. Las chicas obtienen puntuaciones significativamente superiores en hábitos alimentarios, aunque los chicos perciben que tienen una alimentación más equilibrada. Las chicas han realizado más dietas y creen necesitarlas más. Las razones para engordar en los chicos son biológicas y en las chicas hábitos alimentarios inadecuados. Las chicas realizan más dietas tanto saludables como no recomendables. Las razones para comenzar una dieta son en las chicas la imagen corporal y en los chicos ser aceptado por los iguales. El abandono de las dietas los chicos lo atribuyen a la dieta y las chicas a sí mismas. El estudio aporta datos relevantes para el diseño de programas preventivos y/o de tratamiento con adolescentes/jóvenes con problemas alimentarios, bien por alteraciones de la imagen corporal, hábitos alimentarios inadecuados y/o por el uso indebido de dietas alimentarias.

Evaluación de arroz Paddy y soya integral cocida en la alimentación de pollas de cría y levante (0-18 semanas

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Santos V. Eduardo

1989-06-01

Full Text Available El experimento se realizó con pollas livianas y semipesadas, en las etapas de cría y levante (0-8 y 9-18 semanas con el fin de evaluar tres niveles de reemplazo de sorgo por arroz paddy (0,50 Y 100% en la dieta, en combinación con torta de soya o soya integral cocida (SIC, con un arreglo factorial 3 x 2 x 2 correspondiente a 12 tratamientos con diferente número de replicaciones y 32 unidades experimentales de 56 y 49 aves respectivamente para las líneas liviana y semipesada. Se emplearon 251 pollas de la línea Dekalb-XL-Link y 220 de la línea Dekalb Warren para evaluar el efecto de las dietas de cría y levante, hasta el pico de postura. No hubo diferencias (P<0.05 en consumo de alimento, aumento de peso y conversión alimenticia durante la fase de cría, debidas al reemplazo de sorgo por arroz paddy. En la fase de levante hubo diferencias (P < 0.05 en consumo de alimento y conversión alimenticia por efecto de los niveles de arroz paddy en La dieta. En la fase de postura no se presentaron diferencias (P < 0.05 en el desarrollo fisiológico y rendimiento productivo atribuibles al efecto de las dietas. La mejor respuesta biológica y económica (fase de cría, levante y postura se alcanzó con soya integral cocida como fuente de proteína.An experiment was conducted with light and double purpose strains of growing-rearing pullets (0-8 and 9-18 weeks age, to evaluate the effects of the replacement (0,50 and 100% of milo by paddy rice with whole cooked soybean (WCSB and soybean meal (SBM with a arrangement (3 x 2 x 2 for a total of twelve treatment and 32 experimental units of 56 and 49 light and double purpose pullets respectively. 251 light and 220 double purpose pullets were use to evaluate the effects of the growing-rearing diets phase on the laying phase. There were no differences (P<0.05 in feed consumption, weight gain, and feed efficiency during the growing phase, produced by the paddy rice levels used in the diet. In the rearing

CARACTERIZACIÓN DE ARCILLAS Y PREPARACIÓN DE PASTAS CERÁMICAS PARA LA FABRICACIÓN DE TEJAS Y LADRILLOS EN LA REGIÓN DE BARICHARA, SANTANDER

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JOSÉ DARÍO SANTOS AMADO

2011-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar química, mineralógica, granulométrica, plástica y térmicamente tres arcillas, denominadas "Cascajo" (C, "Roja" (R y "Amarilla" (A, procedentes de Barichara, Santander. Así como obtener pastas cerámicas aptas para la fabricación de ladrillos y tejas. Para lo cual se fabricaron probetas cerámicas por prensado, las cuales se sinterizaron a 1050ºC y posteriormente se caracterizaron física y mecánicamente. Los resultados demostraron que la pasta de arcilla "Roja", con contenido de agua entre 24 y 38%, es la más adecuada para la fabricación de tejas; ya que los cerámicos presentan baja absorción de agua (8.2% y alto módulo de ruptura (9.3 MPa. Para la obtención de ladrillos se recomienda la pasta con mezcla de arcillas de 55% "Cascajo" y 45% "Amarilla",con contenido de agua entre 23 y 32%, obteniéndose cerámicos con absorción de agua menor al 15% y módulo de ruptura mayor a 5 MPa.

Protein enriched pasta: structure and digestibility of its protein network.

Science.gov (United States)

Laleg, Karima; Barron, Cécile; Santé-Lhoutellier, Véronique; Walrand, Stéphane; Micard, Valérie

2016-02-01

Wheat (W) pasta was enriched in 6% gluten (G), 35% faba (F) or 5% egg (E) to increase its protein content (13% to 17%). The impact of the enrichment on the multiscale structure of the pasta and on in vitro protein digestibility was studied. Increasing the protein content (W- vs. G-pasta) strengthened pasta structure at molecular and macroscopic scales but reduced its protein digestibility by 3% by forming a higher covalently linked protein network. Greater changes in the macroscopic and molecular structure of the pasta were obtained by varying the nature of protein used for enrichment. Proteins in G- and E-pasta were highly covalently linked (28-32%) resulting in a strong pasta structure. Conversely, F-protein (98% SDS-soluble) altered the pasta structure by diluting gluten and formed a weak protein network (18% covalent link). As a result, protein digestibility in F-pasta was significantly higher (46%) than in E- (44%) and G-pasta (39%). The effect of low (55 °C, LT) vs. very high temperature (90 °C, VHT) drying on the protein network structure and digestibility was shown to cause greater molecular changes than pasta formulation. Whatever the pasta, a general strengthening of its structure, a 33% to 47% increase in covalently linked proteins and a higher β-sheet structure were observed. However, these structural differences were evened out after the pasta was cooked, resulting in identical protein digestibility in LT and VHT pasta. Even after VHT drying, F-pasta had the best amino acid profile with the highest protein digestibility, proof of its nutritional interest.

INFLUENCIA DEL POLIMORFISMO DEL GEN DE LA APOPROTEÍNA E Y EL TIPO DE DIETA SOBRE EL PERFIL LIPÍDICO EN PERSONAS ADULTAS CON DISLIPIDEMIA

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M. Camargo

2005-12-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar los efectos de las diferentes modificaciones dietarias sobre la respuesta lipídica en individuos adultos con dislipidemia, teniendo en cuenta el genotipo de la ApoE presente en ellos. Para esto se realizó una revisión sistemática, encontrando que la distribución alélica de los sujetos incluidos en los estudios analizados fue similar sólo para el alelo ε 2 con respecto a la población normolipémica, mientras que para el alelo ε 3 fue más baja y para el alelo e4 más alta. Por otro lado, se evidenció la influencia que posee el alelo ε 4 en la respuesta lipídica a la modificación dietaria, especialmente de grasa y colesterol, ya que se encontró en la mayoría de los estudios una disminución significativa del colesterol total y LDL. El alelo ε 3 mostró una respuesta lipídica intermedia a la dieta y como se había citado en diversos estudios el alelo ε 2 no respondió significativamente a la intervención dietaria. De igual forma se propuso evaluar la respuesta lipídica según género, lo cual no fue posible debido a que sólo un artículo presentó estos resultados; finalmente se puede concluir que este gen tiene influencia en la respuesta lipídica al tipo de dieta en individuos dislipidémicos.

Características de carcaça e qualidade da carne de novilhas alimentadas com silagem de capim-marandu

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Gustavo Almeida Mendes

2012-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as características de carcaça e da carne de novilhas ¾ Zebu x Holandês submetidas a dieta com substituição da silagem de sorgo por silagem de capim-marandu. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado. Os tratamentos consistiram da substituição da fração volumosa da dieta de 100, 70 e 30% de silagem de sorgo por, respectivamente, 100, 70 e 30% de silagem de capim-marandu. Foi adicionado concentrado na proporção de 1,2% de peso corporal, e as dietas foram isoproteicas. A substituição da silagem de sorgo pela silagem de capim-marandu aumentou a perda de água por cozimento até o ponto máximo de 49,98% de substituição, elevou a força de cisalhamento e a capacidade de retenção de água da carne, mas não influenciou os pesos e os rendimentos das carcaças, os percentuais de cortes, as medidas de carcaça, a área de olho de lombo, o pH das carcaças, a espessura de gordura e as características de cor de músculo e gordura. A substituição da silagem de sorgo por silagem de capim-marandu diminui o ganho de peso de corpo vazio e reduz a maciez da carne de novilhas ¾ Zebu x Holandês, mas não afeta as características quantitativas da carcaça.

Design of New Nordic Pasta

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rasmussen, Mai; Fisker, Anna Marie

The wave The Danish nature is characterized by the rough oceans that capture Denmark, which has been an inspiration for this pasta-design. The Wave is supposed to be the base of a new Nordic meal that creates experiences and surprises on the journey through the meal. The Boiled sweet The pasta...... captures the the experience of taste in each single piece of the boiled sweet, that associates to pearls in a row. It creates a meal that is divided sharply into pieces and creates a simplicity and pureness on the plate like the Nordic designers like it. The colors of the stuffing are struggling to get out...... through the holes in the pasta which makes the guests interested and curious in the meal. Dualism This pasta-design is based on the clash between the Italian and the Danish culture. The simplicity and sharpness of the Danish design meets the soft and curved Italian design with the sharp edge and the soft...

Bioactive Properties of Phaseolus lunatus (Lima Bean) and Vigna unguiculata (Cowpea) Hydrolyzates Incorporated into Pasta. Residual Activity after Pasta Cooking.

Science.gov (United States)

Drago, Silvina R; Franco-Miranda, Hanai; Cian, Raúl E; Betancur-Ancona, David; Chel-Guerrero, Luis

2016-09-01

The aims of the study were to study the inclusion of P. lunatus (PLH) and V. unguiculata (VUH) protein hydrolyzates with bioactive properties into a pasta-extruded product and determine residual activity after extrusion or pasta cooking. Both protein hydrolyzates showed angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition (ACEI) and antioxidant activity (TEAC). PLH showed higher ACEI but lower TEAC than VUH (97.19 ± 0.23 vs. 91.95 ± 0.29 % and 244.7 ± 3.4 vs. 293.7 ± 3.3 μmol Trolox/g, respectively). They were included at 5 or 10 % into wheat pasta. Control pasta had the lowest ACEI activity or TEAC (22.01 ± 0.76 % or 14.14 ± 1.28 μmol Trolox/g, respectively). Higher activity remained in pasta with PLH than VUH after extrusion, and higher the level of addition, higher the ACEI was. Pasta had practically the same ACEI activity after cooking, thus active compounds were not lost by temperature or lixiviation. Regarding TEAC, higher activity remained in pasta with 10 % VUH (31.84 ± 0.17 μmol Trolox/g). Other samples with hydrolyzates had the same activity. After cooking, pasta with hydrolyzates had higher TEAC values than control, but these were not modified by the level of incorporation. Moreover, the profile changed because pasta with PLH had the highest TEAC values (21.39 ± 0.01 and 20.34 ± 0.15 for 5 or 10 % hydrolyzates, respectively). Cooking decreased this activity (~ 20 %), for all samples. Although a certain loss of antioxidant activity was observed, pasta could be a good vehicle for bioactive compounds becoming a functional food.

Functional properties of pasta enriched with variable cereal brans.

Science.gov (United States)

Kaur, Gurkirat; Sharma, Savita; Nagi, H P S; Dar, Basharat N

2012-08-01

To explore the potentiality of cereal brans for preparation of fiber enriched pasta, various cereal brans (Wheat, Rice, Barley and Oat) were added at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 per cent to durum wheat semolina. The effect of cereal bran enrichment on the colour, cooking, sensory quality and shelf life of enriched pasta was assessed at ambient temperature. Pasta prepared with added fiber at 25 per cent level had the highest protein and dietary fiber content as compared to control. Enrichment with variable fiber sources improved the brightness of pasta, as colour of pasta enhanced significantly. Addition of cereal brans resulted an increase in the water absorption and cooking losses of pasta. This effect was dependent on the level and type of cereal brans. Significant correlation (r = 0.80) was obtained between water absorption and volume expansion in all types of bran enriched pasta. At 25 per cent level of supplementation, maximum solids were leached into cooking water. Bran enriched pasta required less cooking time for complete gelatinization of starch. Increasing level of cereal brans had significantly affected the overall acceptability of enriched pasta. Cooking quality of pasta remained constant during storage. Non significant effect of storage was found on water activity, free fatty acids. Enriched pasta (15 per cent level of wheat, rice and oat bran and 10 per cent barley bran) was highly acceptable upto 4 months of storage with respect to quality.

Addition of mushroom powder to pasta enhances the antioxidant content and modulates the predictive glycaemic response of pasta.

Science.gov (United States)

Lu, Xikun; Brennan, Margaret A; Serventi, Luca; Liu, Jianfu; Guan, Wenqiang; Brennan, Charles S

2018-10-30

This study reports the effects of addition of mushroom powder on the nutritional properties, predictive in vitro glycaemic response and antioxidant potential of durum wheat pasta. Addition of the mushroom powder enriched the pasta as a source of protein, and soluble and insoluble dietary fibre compared with durum wheat semolina. Incorporation of mushroom powder significantly decreased the extent of starch degradation and the area under the curve (AUC) of reducing sugars released during digestion, while the total phenolic content and antioxidant capacities of samples increased. A mutual inhibition system between the degree of starch gelatinisation and antioxidant capacity of the pasta samples was observed. These results suggest that mushroom powder could be incorporated into fresh semolina pasta, conferring healthier characteristics, namely lowering the potential glycaemic response and improving antioxidant capacity of the pasta. Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Ractopamina y nivel de proteína de la dieta, respuesta productiva y características de la carcasa de cuyes (Cavia porcellus)

OpenAIRE

García Leandro, Madeline Victoria

2017-01-01

Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Maestría en Nutrición El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar el efecto del Clorhidrato de Ractopamina (RAC) y el nivel de proteína de la dieta sobre la respuesta productiva y características de la carcasa de cuyes (Cavia porcellus). Se emplearon 96 cuyes machos de 49 días de edad que se distribuyeron en 24 pozas. Cada poza fue una unidad experimental con cuatro cuyes. Se les administró seis dietas con dos niveles de RAC ...

Dieta del Suri, Rhea pennata (Orbigny, 1834 (Aves: Rheidae, en ecosistemas altoandinos de Moquegua, Perú

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Marli Echaccaya

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Se estudió la dieta del suri Rhea pennata en la región de Moquegua al sur de Perú, mediante el análisis de heces. Esta especie considerada en “Peligro Crítico” en el Perú se mostró como estrictamente herbívora, principalmente folívora. Se identificaron 44 morfoespecies de plantas en su dieta, de las cuales Oxychloe andina (una especie de Juncaceae dominante en bofedales disturbados presentó los mayores valores relativos de densidad, peso, volumen y frecuencia. A pesar de la aparente selectividad, esta especie presenta una dieta muy diversa que le permitiría adaptarse a las carencias nutricionales en el hábitat que ocupa. Los datos obtenidos en diferentes hábitats que ocupa el Suri, muestran que en zonas más áridas existe la tendencia a una mayor selectividad debido a la presencia de plantas con compuestos secundarios (fenoles, terpenos y alcaloides para evitar la herbivoría, mientras que en ambientes con bofedales (como el del presente estudio la selectividad disminuye, tendiendo a alimentarse de las especies dominantes.

Determining moisture content in pasta by vibrational spectroscopy.

Science.gov (United States)

Czaja, Tomasz; Kuzawińska, Ewelina; Sobota, Aldona; Szostak, Roman

2018-02-01

Pasta aside from bread is the most consumed cereal-based product in the world. Its taste and cooking ease makes it the basis of many cuisines. The pasta dough formed by mixing flour and water is extruded through an extrusion die to mould the appropriate pasta form and is dried to obtain a stable product. The concentration of moisture in the pasta dough is a one of key parameters determining the final quality of the product. Monitoring the moisture content of pasta after extrusion is also critically important. It enables a selection of suitable drying conditions that ensure the appropriate parameters of pasta, such as texture, color and taste, are met. A method for the quantitative determination of moisture content in pasta dough and in pasta based on the partial least squares treatment of infrared spectra registered using a single-reflection attenuated total reflectance diamond accessory is described. Results of a similar quality were found using models derived from near infrared spectra obtained in a diffuse reflectance mode and slightly worse based on Raman spectra. Relative standard errors of prediction calculated for moisture quantification by ATR/NIR/Raman techniques amounted to 2.54/3.16/5.56% and 2.15/3.32/5.67%, for calibration and validation sets, respectively. The proposed procedures can be used for fast and efficient pasta moisture quantification and may replace the current, more laborious methods used. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

PERBEDAAN PH SALIVA ANTARA PENGGUNA PASTA GIGI YANG MENGANDUNG BAKING SODA DAN PENGGUNA PASTA GIGI YANG MENGANDUNG FLUOR

OpenAIRE

LINARDI, ALICIA NADIA

2014-01-01

2014 Latar belakang : Baking soda dan fluor merupakan bahan yang biasa ditambahkan dalam pasta gigi. Baking soda dan fluor mempunyai kemampuan untuk meningkatkan sekresi saliva dan pH saliva. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan pH saliva antara pengguna pasta gigi yang mengandung baking soda dan pengguna pasta gigi yang mengandun fluor. Bahan dan metode : Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimental dengan desai...

quality of corn-field bean gluten-free pasta

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Dib Ahlem

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Corn semolina supplemented by field bean semolina in ratio of 2/1 (w/w were used for obtaining protein and fiber enriched gluten-free pasta. The effect of hydrothermal treatment of corn flour on its applicability as gluten-free pasta improver was tested. A central composite design involving water hydration level and the amount of hydrothermal treated corn flour were used. Instrumental analyses of pasta (cooking loss, water absorption capacity, hydration and pasting properties, textural parameters and microstructure were carried out to assess the impact of experimental factors. Results showed that hydrothermal treatment of corn flour affected in different extent on pasta properties, improving cooking and textural characteristics of pasta. The optimum formulation of corn-field bean contained 7.41 g of treated corn flour and 77.26 mL of water was selected on the base of desirability function approach with value of 0.825 which showed the best pasta properties. Obtained results showed also that addition of treated flour induced significant differences (p < 0.05 in all parameters in comparison with control pasta.

Perdas e valor nutritivo de silagens de milho, sorgo-sudão, sorgo forrageiro e girassol Losses and nutritional value of corn, Sudan sorghum, forage sorghum and sunflower silages

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Leandro Barbosa de Oliveira

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar as perdas e o valor nutritivo de silagens de diferentes forrageiras (milho, sorgo-sudão, sorgo forrageiro e girassol ensiladas no momento ideal de cada cultura. Utilizou-se um delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com quatro forrageiras e cinco repetições. As forragens foram ensiladas em silos de PVC com 50 cm de altura e 10 cm de diâmetro, providos de válvula de Bunsen, que foram armazenados por 60 dias. As perdas por gases e por efluente foram avaliadas por diferença de peso antes e após a ensilagem. As perdas por gases foram relativamente pequenas em comparação às perdas por efluente. A silagem de milho se destacou por apresentar menores perdas, enquanto as de girassol e sorgo-sudão apresentaram maiores perdas por efluente. A silagem de sorgo-sudão possui menor valor nutritivo, em decorrência dos maiores teores das frações fibrosas, enquanto a de milho destaca-se positivamente pelo seu valor nutricional.The objective of this study was to assess the losses and nutritional value of silages of different forage crops (corn, Sudan sorghum, forage sorghum and sunflower ensiled at the ideal time for each crop. A randomized complete design was used, with four forage crops and five replications. The forages were ensiled in PVC silos, 50 cm high and 10 cm in diameter, equipped with a Bunsen valve, that were stored for 60 days. The losses through gases and effluent were assessed for difference in weight before and after ensilaging. The losses by gases were relatively small compared with the losses by effluent. The corn silage stood out because it presented smaller losses, while the sunflower and Sudan sorghum presented greater losses by effluent. The Sudan sorghum silage presents the lowest nutritional value, due to the greater contents of the fibrous fractions, while the corn silage stand out positively because of its nutritional value.

Nuclear Pasta: Topology and Defects

Science.gov (United States)

da Silva Schneider, Andre; Horowitz, Charles; Berry, Don; Caplan, Matt; Briggs, Christian

2015-04-01

A layer of complex non-uniform phases of matter known as nuclear pasta is expected to exist at the base of the crust of neutron stars. Using large scale molecular dynamics we study the topology of some pasta shapes, the formation of defects and how these may affect properties of neutron star crusts.

EFECTO DE LA PROPORCIÓN CONCENTRADO / FORRAJE DE LA DIETA, SOBRE LAS POBLACIONES DE BACTERIAS UTILIZADORAS DE HIDRÓGENO DEL RUMEN

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Alcantar Díaz BE

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Las Archae metanogénicas, las bacterias Acetogénicas y Sulfato reductoras son los tres grupos últimos de microorganismos dentro de la cadena de degradación de los sustratos en el ecosistema del rumen y la manipulación del tamaño de estas poblaciones es benéfica para la maximización de la energía en el rumiante. Para evaluar el efecto de dietas con diferente proporción de forraje/concentrado, sobre el número de bacterias utilizadoras de hidrógeno en el rumen in vivo, 16 ovino machos fueron colocados en cajas metabólicas y se alimentaron con cuatro dietas a base forraje de maíz más con- centrado en las proporciones: C20, C40, C60 y C80. El concentrado fue a base de maíz molido, harina de soya y trigo. Se tomaron muestras de contenido del rumen cada dos horas durante 24 horas, para determinar número de bacterias, concentraciones de acetato, propionato, amonio y pH. El número de bacterias se determinó por el método del número más probable. El diseño en cuadro latino fue para evaluar el efecto del factor A=4 dietas, el factor B los tiempos de incubación, el factor C cuatro repeticiones y sus interacciones. La proporción forraje: concentrado de la dieta, muestra diferencia significativas (p<0.001 entre el número de bacterias metanogénicas y acetogénicas y sulfato reductoras. Las dietas C60 y C80, tienen el mayor número de bacterias acetogénicas. El efecto de la dieta y tiempo de fermentación, también presentó diferencias en los valores de acetato (p<0.0006, propionato (p< 0.0001, amonio (p<0.0001 y pH (p<0.0001. La manipulación de la proporción forraje: concentrado de la dieta usada en la alimentación de rumiantes es una estrategia para establecer determinado grupo de bacterias utilizadoras de hidrogeno y las propiedades del ambiente en el rumen.

Selección de cultivares forrajeros de sorgo (Sorghum bicolor y mijo (Pennisetum americanum por índices de eficiencia de producción y calidad

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Jaime Ru\\u00EDz Vega

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Con el propósito de identificar cultivares de sorgo y mijo forrajeros con alta eficienciade producción de materia seca y calidad para condiciones deriego restringido, situación cada vez mas frecuente debido alabatimiento de los niveles freáticos en el período primavera-verano, se sembraron el 23 de marzo de 1998 en Santa CruzXoxocotlán, Oaxaca, México, seis variedades comerciales desorgo forrajero (Sorghum bicolor y una de mijo perla (Pennisetum americanum, además de seis líneas de mijo perla provenientes del International Crop Research Institute for the Semiarid Tropics (ICRISAT, Hyderabad, India. Apartir de losdatos de producción de materia seca, se generaron dos índices,uno llamado de productividad modificado (IPM y otro de productividad (IP, para facilitar la selección de materiales. ElIPM superó al IPen su capacidad para discriminar los materiales por mayor eficiencia de producción de forraje de calidad.En promedio, los genotipos de sorgo fueron más eficientes para producir materia seca, especialmente Sweet Sioux y Domor,este último caracterizado por mostrar poca variación entre cortes. Sin embargo, los mijos NELC C4 y ICMH 423, podríanser utilizados por campesinos que dispongan de menos agua ytengan urgencia de forraje, dada su alta eficiencia de producción de materia seca de buena calidad en el primer corte.

Dieta enteral prescrita versus dieta infundida Prescribed enteral diet versus infused diet

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Silvana Aparecida Ribeiro Simões

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Avaliar o volume prescrito de dieta enteral versus o volume infundido, identificando as causas de interrupção da dieta e os gastos gerados por essas interrupções. Métodos: Estudo observacional, com pacientes adultos e idosos, recebendo nutrição enteral em um hospital particular de São Paulo. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de prontuário eletrônico. Resultados: O volume infundido foi significantemente menor que o volume prescrito, nos cinco dias de acompanhamento, em toda a amostra. A principal intercorrência na administração da dieta foi a diarreia. Os gastos com a não administração da dieta somam 41,4% do valor despendido para esse serviço. Conclusão: Este estudo contribui para a atuação e desempenho do nutricionista em conjunto com a Equipe Multidisciplinar em Terapia Nutricional visando a melhora do paciente.

Effects of housing system and age of laying hens on egg performance in fresh pasta production: pasta cooking behaviour.

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Alamprese, Cristina; Casiraghi, Ernestina; Rossi, Margherita

2011-03-30

Very few studies concern the effects of layer housing systems and age on egg technological properties. Thus the aim of this work was to study the influence of these two factors on egg performance in fresh pasta production, focusing on pasta cooking behaviour. Samples of pasta subjected to analysis were prepared with eggs laid by Hy-Line Brown hens (from 27 to 68 weeks old) housed in cage, barn and organic systems. Higher average values of weight increase and matter loss during pasta cooking were observed for samples prepared with eggs laid by older hens. Such cooking behaviour indicated the development of a weaker pasta protein network, resulting from a decrease in the quantity of albumen protein and an increase in fat content, which is due to the reduction in albumen/yolk ratio during hen aging. The housing system had a significant effect only on matter loss in cooking water, but differences between samples were so small as to be unlikely perceived by consumers. Both hen age and housing system significantly affected pasta cooking behaviour, but the greatest effect was exerted by the hen age. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry.

PRODUCCIÓN Y CALIDAD FISICOQUÍMICA DE LECHE DE CABRAS SUPLEMENTADAS CON FORRAJE VERDE HIDROPÓNICO DE MAÍZ

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Mario Garc\\u00EDa-Carrillo

2013-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar la producción y calidad fisicoquímica de leche de cabras al ser suplementadas con dietas que contenían forraje verde hidropónico de maíz. Este estudio se desarrolló en la Comarca Lagunera de Coahuila, México durante los meses de marzo a agosto de 2011. Para la dieta 1 se empleó una relación 85:15 (base seca de alfalfa henificada y forraje verde hidropónico (AH: FVH. La dieta 2 se formuló con una relación 70:30 de AH y FVH, mientras que la dieta testigo tuvo una relación 87.5:12.5 de alfalfa henificada y vaina de mezquite. Se utilizó un diseño en triple cuadro latino. La producción y calidad de leche fueron mayores al suministrar la dieta compuesta con alfalfa henificada y forraje verde hidropónico de maíz al 30%.

SUBSTITUTION OF THE TRITURATED CORN GRAIN BY PARBOILED RICE MEAL IN DAIRY COWS DIET: INTAKE AND APPARENT DIGESTIBILITY SUBSTITUIÇÃO DO MILHO GRÃO TRITURADO POR FARELO DE ARROZ PARBOILIZADO NA DIETA DE VACAS LEITEIRAS: CONSUMO E DIGESTIBILIDADE APARENTE

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Sérgio Artiaga da Rosa

2008-12-01

Full Text Available The research trials were carried to evaluate the effect of replacement of corn by parboiled rice meal in the diet of lactating dairy cows. Nine lactating Holstein cows, 80 ± 24 days in milk, 20 kg of milk per day at beginning of the trial were use in a 3 x 3 latin square design. The experimental diets varied in the concentrate and forage composition: forage based on sorghum silage and concentrate based on corn grain cracked (CGC; forage based on sorghum silage and green corn by-product silage and concentrate based on corn grain cracked and parboiled rice meal in equal parts (CGC + PRM and forage based on sorghum silage and green corn by-product silage and concentrate in which 79.3% of replacement of corn grain cracked for parboiled rice meal (PRM. The replacement of corn by parboiled rice meal didn’t affect the dry mater, crude protein, mineral mater and starch intakes; the diets with parboiled rice meal had hither intakes of NDF, ADF and ether extract.

KEY WORDS: By-product, lipids, lactation period. Desenvolveu-se o experimento para a avaliação do efeito da substituição do milho por farelo de arroz parboilizado na dieta de vacas leiteiras. Foram utilizadas nove vacas lactantes da raça Holandês com 80 ± 24 dias de lactação, com médias de produção diária de 20 kg de leite, em delineamento quadrado latino 3 x 3, com três repetições. Os tratamentos variaram em função da composição das dietas: a volumoso à base de silagem de sorgo e silagem de resíduo de milho verde mais concentrado à base de milho grão triturado (FM; b volumoso à base de silagem de sorgo e silagem de resíduo de milho verde mais concentrado com milho grão triturado e farelo de arroz parboilizado em partes iguais (MA; c e volumoso à base de silagem de sorgo e silagem de resíduo de milho verde mais concentrado com 79,3% de substituição do milho grão pelo farelo de arroz parboilizado (FA. A inclusão de farelo de arroz parboilizado n

Subjective satiety and plasma PYY concentration after wholemeal pasta.

Science.gov (United States)

Costabile, Giuseppina; Griffo, Ettore; Cipriano, Paola; Vetrani, Claudia; Vitale, Marilena; Mamone, Gianfranco; Rivellese, Angela A; Riccardi, Gabriele; Giacco, Rosalba

2018-06-01

Dietary fiber and whole grain foods may contribute to the regulation of appetite; however, evidence has produced inconclusive findings. The objective was to evaluate the effects of an experimental wholemeal pasta on appetite ratings, plasma concentrations of gastrointestinal hormones involved in appetite control, and postprandial glucose/insulin responses in healthy adults. Fourteen healthy adults (7M/7F), mean age 30±2 yrs (mean±SEM), participated in a randomized, controlled, crossover trial. Participants consumed on two different days, at one week interval, 117g of wholemeal pasta or 100g of refined wheat pasta (control pasta), similar in energy and macronutrient composition except for fiber amount, which was higher in wholemeal pasta (11 vs 3 g). Appetite ratings, glucose/insulin/lipid and gastrointestinal hormone responses were measured at fasting and for 4-h after the ingestion of the pasta tests, after which self-reported energy intake for 8-h was evaluated. After the wholemeal pasta, the desire to eat and the sensation of hunger were lower (-16%, p=0.04 and -23%, p=0.004, respectively) and satiety was higher (+13%; p=0.08) compared with the control pasta; no effect on self-reported energy intake at subsequent meal was observed. After wholemeal pasta, glucose, triglyceride increased and GLP-1 responses were not different compared to control pasta but insulin response at 30 min (ppasta contributed to appetite control but did not seem to influence acute energy balance. Appetite ratings were associated with modifications in PYY hormone concentrations. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Deslignificación de pasta kraft de Pinus radiata con una levadura genéticamente modificada para producir lacasa

OpenAIRE

Arana-Cuenca, A.; Yagüe, Susana; Fermiñán, Encarnación

2010-01-01

Una posible aplicación biotecnológica de las lacasas fúngicas es el blanqueo de pasta de papel mediante la degradación de la lignina en la pasta cruda. Para ello es necesaria su producción a bajo coste y a concentraciones superiores a las secretadas por los hongos de forma natural. La expresión heteróloga en levaduras es una alternativa para su producción a mayor escala. En el presente trabajo se ha realizado la expresión heteróloga del gen cglcc1, responsable de la producción de lacasa en el...

DIGESTIBILIDAD IN VITRO DE DIETAS PARA BECERROS EN CRECIMIENTO ADICIONADAS CON INÓCULO DE LEVADURAS Y BAGAZO DE MANZANA FERMENTADO

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Castillo Castillo Y

2013-07-01

Full Text Available Se empleo la técnica de digestibilidad in vitro para evaluar el efecto de la adición de un inóculo de levadura y de bagazo de manzana fermentado en dietas de becerros en crecimiento. Los tratamientos consistieron en: T0 (testigo: heno de avena (HA, ensilaje de maíz (SM y concentrado; T1 (BMZN: HA, SM y concentrado con 12 % de bagazo de manzana fermentado (BMZN; T2 (IL: HA, SM y concentrado con 2 % de inóculo de levaduras (IL. Se realizó un análisis de varianza en un diseño completamente al azar, tomando muestras por triplicado de cada tratamiento, para medir digestibilidad in vitro de materia seca (MS, de fibra detergente neutro (FDN, de fibra detergente ácido (FDA y contenido de lignina detergente ácido (LDA durante 48 h. Así mismo, para evaluar la producción de gas (PG in vitro, se midieron ácido acético, ácido propiónico, ácido butírico, además, nitrógeno amoniacal (N-NH3, ácido láctico y pH a las 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 y 96 h. El T1 y T2 mostraron diferencia significativa (p<0.05 en la digestibilidad de MS, FDN, FDA y LDA. El T2 fue superior (p<0.05 al T1 y T0 en la PG a las 24, 48, 72 y 96 h. La mayor producción (p<0.05 de AGV lo presentaron el T1 y T2. Estos últimos, mostraron un incremento (p<0.05 en la concentración de N-NH3 y una disminución (p<0.05 de Ác. Láctico, siendo el T2 superior (p<0.05 en el pH. La adición de un IL y de BMZN en la alimentación de becerros en crecimiento es una alternativa ya que mejoran las características nutricionales y fermentativas de la dieta.

Consumer attitudes toward new pasta products in Iran market: A qualitative and quantitative study

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Shahrzad Aghaei

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Developed food production lines recently have built factories for novel products to find a position in the market faster, although innovation is still expensive and risky. This study focuses on con-tributors who persuade consumers to purchase new pasta products in Tehran, and tries to determine the correlation among the criteria. This is conducted from the market experts’ view points along with a blend of grounded theory and DEMATEL. The results indicate that quality, price, packag-ing, promotion, phantasm and place parameters enhance new pasta pictures on customers’ buying decision making. According to experts, quality and price are the most influential factors and promo-tion and phantasm are completely ineffective. In addition, cultural parameters, especially local reci-pes as well as customers’ palate are important in this process.

Optimization and functionality of millet supplemented pasta

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Amir Gull

2015-01-01

Full Text Available AbstractMillets are having superior nutritional qualities and health benefits; hence they can be used for supplementation of pasta. Pasta was prepared using composite flour (CF of durum wheat semolina (96% and carrot pomace (4% supplemented with finger millet flour (FMF, 0-20g, pearl millet flour (PMF, 0-30g and carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC, 2-4g. Second order polynomial described the effect of FMF, PMF and CMC on lightness, firmness, gruel loss and overall acceptability of extruded pasta products. Results indicate that an increasing proportion of finger and pearl millet flour had signed (p≤0.05 negative effect on lightness, firmness, gruel loss and overall acceptability. However, CMC addition showed significant (p≤0. 05 positive effect on firmness, overall acceptability and negative effect on gruel loss of cooked pasta samples. Numeric optimization results showed that optimum values for extruded pasta were 20g FMF, 12g PMF and 4g CMC per 100g of CF and 34ml water with 0.981 desirability. The pasta developed is nutritionally rich as it contains protein (10.16g, fat (6g, dietary fiber (16.71g, calcium (4.23mg, iron (3.99mg and zinc (1.682mg per 100g.

Commercially available gluten-free pastas elevate postprandial glycemia in comparison to conventional wheat pasta in healthy adults: a double-blind randomized crossover trial.

Science.gov (United States)

Johnston, C S; Snyder, D; Smith, C

2017-09-20

Given the popularity of gluten-free diets, research regarding the health implications of gluten-free (GF) products is necessary. This study compared the postprandial glycemic responses to three GF pastas commonly available in the U.S. market to that of wheat pasta in healthy adults. Thirteen healthy non-smoking men and women from a university campus population were enrolled in this randomized 4 × 4 block crossover study and completed all four treatments. Participants followed a standardized diet and activity protocol the day prior to testing, and one week separated testing periods. The test meal (a macaroni and cheese dish prepared with conventional wheat pasta or with GF pasta composed of either brown rice, rice and corn, or corn and quinoa flours) was consumed under observation, and blood was sampled in the fasted state and at one-half hour intervals for the first 2 hours following meal ingestion. A significant pasta × time interaction was observed for the incremental postprandial glycemia curves (p = 0.036, repeated measures ANOVA; effect size [partial eta squared], 0.943). Post-hoc analysis revealed a significant difference for the 30-minute postprandial blood glucose concentrations: the plasma glucose concentration was 57% higher for the GF rice and corn pasta compared to traditional wheat pasta (p = 0.011). Since postprandial glycemia was higher for GF pasta composed of rice and corn flours compared to wheat pasta, more research is needed to understand how the substitute ingredients for GF pastas impact health parameters and disease risk.

Superposición de la dieta del pez león Pterois volitans (Teleostei: Scorpaenidae) con la de peces nativos de nivel trófico similar en Cuba

OpenAIRE

Pantoja Echevarría, Laura María; Chevalier Monteagudo, Pedro P.; Cabrera Guerra, Delmis; Corrada Wong, Raúl Igor; Cobián Rojas, Dorka; Caballero Aragón, Hansel; García Rodríguez, Alain; Fernández Osoria, Ramón Alexis

2017-01-01

RESUMEN El pez león, originario del Indo Pacífico, ha protagonizado una de las invasiones de peces marinos más rápida de la historia en el Atlántico occidental tropical y subtropical. Sus poblaciones representan una amenaza para los peces nativos de nivel trófico similar en la competencia por los recursos alimentarios. Con la finalidad de comparar sus dietas, se capturaron 899 peces león y 377 peces nativos pertenecientes a las familias Haemulidae, Holocentridae, Serranidae y Lutjanidae en tr...

Effects of relaxation of gluten network on rehydration kinetics of pasta.

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Ogawa, Takenobu; Hasegawa, Ayako; Adachi, Shuji

2014-01-01

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the relaxation of the gluten network on pasta rehydration kinetics. The moisture content of pasta, under conditions where the effects of the diffusion of water on the moisture content were negligible, was estimated by extrapolating the average moisture content of pasta of various diameters to 0 mm. The moisture content of imaginary, infinitely thin pasta did not reach equilibrium even after 1 h of rehydration. The rehydration of pasta made of only gluten was also measured. The rate constants estimated by the Long and Richman equation for both the pasta indicated that the rehydration kinetics of infinitely thin pasta were similar to those of gluten pasta. These results suggest that the swelling of starch by fast gelatinization was restricted by the honeycomb structural network of gluten and the relaxation of the gluten network controlled pasta rehydration kinetics.

Growth- and Stress-Induced PASTA Kinase Phosphorylation in Enterococcus faecalis.

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Labbe, Benjamin D; Kristich, Christopher J

2017-11-01

Transmembrane Ser/Thr kinases containing extracellular PASTA domains are ubiquitous among Actinobacteria and Firmicutes Such PASTA kinases regulate critical processes, including antibiotic resistance, cell division, toxin production, and virulence, and are essential for viability in certain organisms. Based on in vitro studies with purified extracellular and intracellular fragments of PASTA kinases, a model for signaling has been proposed, in which the extracellular PASTA domains bind currently undefined ligands (typically thought to be peptidoglycan, or fragments thereof) to drive kinase dimerization, which leads to enhanced kinase autophosphorylation and enhanced phosphorylation of substrates. However, this model has not been rigorously tested in vivo Enterococcus faecalis is a Gram-positive intestinal commensal and major antibiotic-resistant opportunistic pathogen. In E. faecalis , the PASTA kinase IreK drives intrinsic resistance to cell wall-active antimicrobials, suggesting that such antimicrobials may trigger IreK signaling. Here we show that IreK responds to cell wall stress in vivo by enhancing its phosphorylation and that of a downstream substrate. This response requires both the extracellular PASTA domains and specific phosphorylatable residues in the kinase domain. Thus, our results provide in vivo evidence, with an intact full-length PASTA kinase in its native physiological environment, that supports the prevailing model of PASTA kinase signaling. In addition, we show that IreK responds to a signal associated with growth and/or cell division, in the absence of cell wall-active antimicrobials. Surprisingly, the ability of IreK to respond to growth and/or division does not require the extracellular PASTA domains, suggesting that IreK monitors multiple parameters for sensory input in vivo IMPORTANCE Transmembrane Ser/Thr kinases containing extracellular PASTA domains are ubiquitous among Actinobacteria and Firmicutes and regulate critical processes. The

Effects of technological processes on enniatin levels in pasta.

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Serrano, Ana B; Font, Guillermina; Mañes, Jordi; Ferrer, Emilia

2016-03-30

Potential human health risks posed by enniatins (ENs) require their control primarily from cereal products, creating a demand for harvesting, food processing and storage techniques capable to prevent, reduce and/or eliminate the contamination. In this study, different methodologies to pasta processing simulating traditional and industrial processes were developed in order to know the fate of the mycotoxin ENs. The levels of ENs were studied at different steps of pasta processing. The effect of the temperature during processing was evaluated in two types of pasta (white and whole-grain pasta). Mycotoxin analysis was performed by LC-MS/MS. High reductions (up to 50% and 80%) were achieved during drying pasta at 45-55°C and 70-90°C, respectively. The treatments at low temperature (25°C) did not change EN levels. The effect of pasta composition did not cause a significant effect on the stability of ENs. The effect of the temperature allowed a marked mycotoxin reduction during pasta processing. Generally, ENA1 and ENB showed higher thermal stability than did ENA and ENB1 . The findings from the present study suggested that pasta processing at medium-high temperatures is a potential tool to remove an important fraction of ENs from the initial durum wheat semolina. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry.

[Development and technological transfer of functional pastas extended with legumes].

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Granito, Marisela; Ascanio, Vanesa

2009-03-01

Development and technological transfer of functional pastas extended with legumes. Semolina pasta is a highly consumed foodstuff, the biological value of which is low because its protein is deficient in lysine. However, if the semolina is extended with legumes rich in this essential aminoacid, not only and aminoacid supplementation is produced, but also the dietary fibre and minerals are increased. In this work, pastas extended in 10% with a white variety of Phaseolus vulgaris and with Cajanus cajan were produced on a pilot plant scale, and this technology was transferred to a cooperative producing artisanal pastas. The cooking qualities and the physical, chemical, and nutritional characteristics of the pastas were evaluated, as well as the sensorial acceptability in institutionalized elderly people. The extension of the pastas with legume flours increased the optimum cooking time (15 to 20%), the weight (20% and 25%), and the loss of solids by cooking. Similarly, the functional value of the pastas increased by increasing the contents of minerals and dietary fibre. The protein content, as well as the protein digestibility in vitro also increased; however, the parameters of colour L, a and b, and the total starch content of the pastas decreased. At consumer level, the pastas extended with legumes had a good acceptability, for what it was concluded that the extension of the semolina with legume flours in the manufacture of pastas is technologically feasible.

Desarrollo de pasta untable de aceituna variedad Sevillana

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Callejas, Julio

2009-12-01

Full Text Available The development of a spreadable olive paste was carried out. Sevillian or Gordal green olive varieties were used in the paste. Pastes were prepared by crushing olives after pit removal and adding preservatives (potassium solvate and sodium benzoate, and antioxidants (T. B. H. Q. to crushed olives. These were characterized by recording microbial, physical, chemical and sensory measurements and shelf life was evaluated over three months of storage at room temperature (18 °C and under refrigeration (4 °C. The final microbial count of the paste was less than 100 ufc/ml. Sensory testing demonstrated that it was acceptable and storage conditions did not significantly affect the product.The pH of the paste decreased with time (4.3 to 4.17, resulting in increased acidity which was affected by storage temperature. The peroxide index, increased with time, (from 5 to 27 meq peroxide/kg oil. However, the pastes were not perceived to be rancid after sensory testing. Regarding the color, the main change observed was a darkening of the paste, as determined using the parameter L*. The shelf life of the olive paste was 90 days either under refrigeration or at room temperature.Este estudio consistió en desarrollar una pasta untable de aceituna, variedad verde Sevillana o Gordal. La elaboración de la pasta consistió en deshuesar las aceitunas, triturarlas y adicionarles conservantes (sorbato de potasio y benzoato de sodio y antioxidante (T. B. H. Q., finalmente se envasaron. Ésta fue caracterizada microbiológica, físico-química y sensorialmente, y se evaluó su comportamiento durante 3 meses de almacenamiento a temperatura ambiente (18 °C y en refrigeración (4 °C. El recuento microbiano de la pasta es menor a 100 ufc/ml. Sensorialmente el producto fue aceptado y esta condición no varió durante el almacenamiento, al igual que el contenido de aceite (70% y aw (0,90. El pH diminuye con el tiempo, por lo tanto, la acidez aumenta; viéndose afectado por

From raw material to dish: pasta quality step by step.

Science.gov (United States)

Sicignano, Angelo; Di Monaco, Rossella; Masi, Paolo; Cavella, Silvana

2015-10-01

Pasta is a traditional Italian cereal-based food that is popular worldwide because of its convenience, versatility, sensory and nutritional value. The aim of this review is to present a step-by-step guide to facilitate the understanding of the most important events that can affect pasta characteristics, directing the reader to the appropriate production steps. Owing to its unique flavor, color, composition and rheological properties, durum wheat semolina is the best raw material for pasta production. Although pasta is traditionally made from only two ingredients, sensory quality and chemical/physical characteristics of the final product may vary greatly. Starting from the same ingredients, there are a lot of different events in each step of pasta production that can result in the development of varieties of pasta with different characteristics. In particular, numerous studies have demonstrated the importance of temperature and humidity conditions of the pasta drying operation as well as the significance of the choice of raw material and operating conditions on pasta quality. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry.

Efecto de diferentes niveles de proteína de la dieta sobre el crecimiento de juveniles del pez neón Paracheirodon innesi (pisces:characidae

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Jorge Luna-Figueroa

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Se evaluó el efecto de alimentos con diferente concentración de proteína (53,5%, 50,0%, 41,6% y 30,0% sobre las tasas de crecimiento absoluto (TCA, relativo (TCR y específico (TCE de juveniles de P. innesi. El incremento en peso y en longitud total, así como las tasas de crecimiento fueron mayores en los peces alimentados con la dieta I (53,5% proteína y decrecieron conforme disminuyó la concentración de proteínas en el alimento (P<0,05. Las diferencias porcentuales promedio referentes al peso fueron 65,15% TCA, 63,69% TCR y 45,85% TEC, mientras que para la longitud total fueron 57,41% TCA, 59,00% TCR y 52,25% TCE mayores (P<0,05 en los peces alimentados con la dieta I respecto de la II, III y IV. Finalmente, los resultados de la presente investigación indican que el nivel de proteína de la dieta que produce máximo crecimiento en P. innesi es 53,5%.

Exploring the Use of Whole Grain Pasta in School Lunches

Science.gov (United States)

Rosen, Renee A.; Hauge, Denise A.; Arndt, Elizabeth A.; Veal, Mike; Marquart, Len

2011-01-01

Pasta is a popular grain food served as an entree or side dish in both home and away-from-home settings. In schools, pasta is served less frequently than other entrees. Pasta, especially whole-grain pasta, offers an opportunity to incorporate less expensive, nutritious, and versatile dishes into school meals. A need exists to develop whole-grain…

Dieta de murciélagos nectarívoros del Parque Nacional Cerros de Amotape, Tumbes

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Edith Arias

2011-07-01

Full Text Available En el Perú se reporta la presencia de 18 especies de murciélagos nectarívoros, sin embargo se cuenta con poca información sobre la dieta de estas especies. En este estudio se reporta por primera vez la dieta de los nectarívoros Glossophaga soricina, Lonchophylla hesperia y Anoura geoffroyi en el bosque seco ecuatorial y del bosque tropical del Pacífico del Parque Nacional Cerros de Amotape, Tumbes. Analizamos 21 contenidos gastrointestinales e identificamos ocho morfotipos de polen pertenecientes a las familias Bombacaceae, Cactaceae, Fabaceae, Solanaceae, Rubiaceae, Myrtaceae, Malvaceae y Rosaceae. Encontramos evidencia del síndrome de quiropterofilia en Bombacaceae, Cactaceae, Fabaceae, Solanaceae y Rubiaceae. Observamos que A. geoffroyi consume polen de Ceiba trichistandra, Solanaceae y Rubiacea; G. soricina consume de Abutilon reflexum, Armathocereus cartwrightianus, C. trichistandra y Rubiaceae; y L. hesperia de A. cartwrightianus, Eriobotrya japonica, Fabaceae y Psidium sp.; sugiriendo una dieta generalista en estas especies. Los murciélagos G. soricina y A. geoffroyi comparten el consumo del ceibo C. trichistandra y de la Rubiaceae, mientras que G. soricina comparte con L. hesperia el consumo del cactus A. cartwrightianus. Los otros morfotipos de polen no fueron compartidos entre murciélagos. Se encuentra además que el ceibo C. trichistandra fue la especie más consumida, especialmente por G. soricina.

Microbial Transglutaminase in Noodle and Pasta Processing

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Gharibzahedi, Seyed Mohammad Taghi; Yousefi, Shima; Chronakis, Ioannis S.

2017-01-01

-formulations for noodles and pasta products based on microbial transglutaminase (MTGase) can guarantee the shelf life extension with minimum quality losses. The current review focuses on recent trends and future prospects of MTGase utilization in the structural matrix of noodles and pasta products and represents......Nowadays, there is an aggressive rate in consumption of noodles and pasta products throughout the world. Consumer acceptability and preference of these functional products can be promoted by the discovery of novel knowledge to improve their formulation and quality. The development of fortified...... from new microbial sources. The high potential of MTGase in developing commercial noodles and pasta products is successfully demonstrated. MTGase by modifying the crystallinity or molecular structure via covalent crosslinks between protein molecules strengthens the doughs stability and the textural...

High Protein Pasta is Not More Satiating than High Fiber Pasta at a Lunch Meal, Nor Does it Decrease Mid-Afternoon Snacking in Healthy Men and Women.

Science.gov (United States)

Korczak, Renee; Timm, Derek; Ahnen, Rylee; Thomas, William; Slavin, Joanne L

2016-09-01

This study compared satiety after high protein pasta (16 g protein, 6 g fiber), high fiber pasta (11 g protein, 8 g fiber) or control pasta (11 g protein, 6 g fiber) in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover trial. Participants were 36 healthy and men and women from the University of Minnesota campus. Fasted men and women ate calorie controlled, but macronutrient different pastas at 12:00 pm along with 500 mL of water. The primary outcome was satiety assessed by Visual Analogue Scales at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, and 180 min daily after consuming the pastas. Secondary outcomes were calories consumed at an ad libitum snack at 3:00 pm, calories from food intake, gastrointestinal tolerance, and palatability. No differences were found among the pasta treatments for satiety, snacking, or gastrointestinal tolerance. Men ate significantly more calories for the rest of the (P = 0.007) after the high protein pasta versus the high fiber pasta (1701 ± 154 compared with 1083 ± 154) with control pasta being intermediate to the other treatments. No significant differences were found for gastrointestinal tolerance, but the palatability ratings showed the high protein pasta was less tasty (P = 0.03) and less pleasant (P = 0.01) than the other 2 pastas. Satisfaction was positively associated with pleasantness and negatively associated with aftertaste. Our results do not support the idea that high protein or high fiber pasta produces a greater satiety response compared to pasta with lower amounts of either nutrient. It is likely that since pasta is already a very satiating food, the subjects were unable to differentiate between the 3 conditions. © 2016 Institute of Food Technologists®

Biodisponibilidad de lisina para el pollo en crecimiento de cuatro harinas de subproductos avícolas

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Arturo Cortes Cuevas

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Para conocer la biodisponibilidad de lisina para el pollo de cuatro lotes de harinas de subproductos avícolas (HSA mexicanas, se realizaron dos experimentos. En el Exp 1, se emplearon 168 pollitos de 1 a 21 días de edad y en el Exp 2, 210 pollitos de 7 a 21 días, en ambos experimentos las aves se distribuyeron completamente al azar en siete tratamientos con tres repeticiones cada uno. Los tratamientos fueron, 1 dieta basal sorgo-soya-ajonjolí (deficiente en lisina, 2 dieta basal + 0.05% de L-lisina, 3 dieta basal+0.10% de L-lisina, 4 dieta basal+0.05% de lisina a partir de HSA A o B, 5 dieta basal+0.10% de lisina a partir de HSA A o B, 6 dieta basal+0.05% de lisina a partir de HSA C o D y 7 dieta basal+0.10% de lisina a partir de HSA C o D. Los resultados del crecimiento se explicaron por la ecuación de regresión lineal múltiple de, Y=265.074+0.04288X1+0.0417X2+0.04085X3 , en donde X1 fue L-lisina, X2 la HSA A y X3 la HSA C (Exp 1 y del Exp 2 por Y=129.131+ 0.06764X1+0.06437X2+0.06614X3, en donde X1 fue L-lisina, X2 la HSA B y X3 la HSA D. Al comparar las pendientes de las HSA, con la de L-lisina considerada como 100 %, se obtuvieron biodisponibilidades de la HSA A de 97.2 %, C de 95.2 %, B de 95.2 % y D de 97.8 %. En base a los resultados obtenidos, se puede concluir que la calidad proteica de los cuatro lotes de harinas evaluadas, resultaron similares y de buena calidad.

Nutritive value of selected variety breads and pastas.

Science.gov (United States)

Ranhotra, G S; Gelroth, J A; Novak, F A; Bock, M A; Winterringer, G L; Matthews, R H

1984-03-01

Nine types of commercially produced variety breads, plain bagels, corn tortillas, and three types of pasta products were obtained from each of four cities, New York, San Francisco, Atlanta, and Kansas City. Proximate components and 12 minerals and vitamins were determined in these and in cooked pasta products. Available carbohydrate and energy values were calculated. On the average, French, Italian, and pita breads were lower in moisture than other breads. Protein in bread products averaged between 7.6% and 10.4% and in cooked pastas and tortillas between 4.4% and 5.3%. Bagels averaged 10.2% protein. Insoluble dietary fiber in whole wheat bread averaged 5.6%; for most products, dietary fiber values were five- to eightfold higher than crude fiber values. Pasta products and tortillas were virtually free of sodium. Sodium in bread products averaged between 379 and 689 mg/100 gm. Although all pasta products and most bread products were enriched, calcium was often not included. Iron averaged from 2.16 to 3.29 mg/100 gm in bread products and 3.10 to 4.24 mg/100 gm in dry pasta products. Products made with unrefined or less-refined flours and/or containing germ and bran tended to be high in phosphorus, magnesium, zinc, and manganese, and, to a lesser extent, in copper. A good portion of potassium, thiamin, riboflavin, and niacin in pasta products was lost during cooking.

Quantum nuclear pasta and nuclear symmetry energy

Science.gov (United States)

Fattoyev, F. J.; Horowitz, C. J.; Schuetrumpf, B.

2017-05-01

Complex and exotic nuclear geometries, collectively referred to as "nuclear pasta," are expected to appear naturally in dense nuclear matter found in the crusts of neutron stars and supernovae environments. The pasta geometries depend on the average baryon density, proton fraction, and temperature and are critically important in the determination of many transport properties of matter in supernovae and the crusts of neutron stars. Using a set of self-consistent microscopic nuclear energy density functionals, we present the first results of large scale quantum simulations of pasta phases at baryon densities 0.03 ≤ρ ≤0.10 fm-3 , proton fractions 0.05 ≤Yp≤0.40 , and zero temperature. The full quantum simulations, in particular, allow us to thoroughly investigate the role and impact of the nuclear symmetry energy on pasta configurations. We use the Sky3D code that solves the Skyrme Hartree-Fock equations on a three-dimensional Cartesian grid. For the nuclear interaction we use the state-of-the-art UNEDF1 parametrization, which was introduced to study largely deformed nuclei, hence is suitable for studies of the nuclear pasta. Density dependence of the nuclear symmetry energy is simulated by tuning two purely isovector observables that are insensitive to the current available experimental data. We find that a minimum total number of nucleons A =2000 is necessary to prevent the results from containing spurious shell effects and to minimize finite size effects. We find that a variety of nuclear pasta geometries are present in the neutron star crust, and the result strongly depends on the nuclear symmetry energy. The impact of the nuclear symmetry energy is less pronounced as the proton fractions increase. Quantum nuclear pasta calculations at T =0 MeV are shown to get easily trapped in metastable states, and possible remedies to avoid metastable solutions are discussed.

Digestibility of pasta made with three wheat types: a preliminary study.

Science.gov (United States)

Simonato, Barbara; Curioni, Andrea; Pasini, Gabriella

2015-05-01

The aim of this study was to assess the digestibility of the protein and starch in pasta made with different cereals, i.e. Triticum durum, Triticum polonicum and Triticum dicoccum, and to measure the glycemic index (GI) of the different types of pasta. The digestibility of the starch in T.polonicum pasta differed significantly from the others. It seemed to be less digested than dicoccum and durum wheat pasta. T.polonicum pasta also had a lower glycemic index, while there were no significant differences in the protein digestibility of the three types of pasta. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Biotechnological Approach To Preserve Fresh Pasta Quality.

Science.gov (United States)

Angiolillo, L; Conte, A; Del Nobile, M A

2017-12-01

Fresh pasta is highly susceptible to microbial contamination because of its high water activity and nutrient content. In this study, a new biopreservation system was examined that consists of an active sodium alginate solution containing Lactobacillus reuteri and glycerol, which was added during the production process of pasta. Our aim was to extend the fresh pasta shelf life by the in situ production of reuterin, thereby avoiding the use of thermal treatments that generally compromise food sensory characteristics. Two experimental studies were carried out with the product packaged under either ordinary or modified atmospheric conditions. Microbiological and sensory quality indices were monitored to determine the effectiveness of biopreservation on product quality during storage. The use of the active solution with L. reuteri and glycerol during the production process of pasta improved both microbial and sensory quality, particularly when combined with modified atmosphere.

78 FR 55095 - Certain Pasta From Italy and Turkey

Science.gov (United States)

2013-09-09

...)] Certain Pasta From Italy and Turkey Determinations On the basis of the record \\1\\ developed in the subject... countervailing and antidumping duty orders on certain pasta from Italy and Turkey would be likely to lead to... respect to imports of certain pasta from Turkey. Background The Commission instituted these reviews on...

Fresh pasta quality as affected by enrichment of nonstarch polysaccharides.

Science.gov (United States)

Brennan, C S; Tudorica, C M

2007-11-01

Nonstarch polysaccharides (NSPs), both soluble and insoluble, were added to pasta doughs at levels of 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10% levels. The cooking and textural characteristics of the pastas were evaluated using a range of analytical techniques. Generally, NSP addition was found to increase the cooking losses, and reduce the protein and starch contents of the pasta. This effect was dependent on the level of NSP added and also the type (soluble or insoluble). Pasta firmness was generally reduced in relation to the level of NSP addition, although some gel-forming NSPs resulted in higher firmness values. Pasta stickiness, adhesiveness, and elasticity were also affected. The results indicate that careful selection of NSP addition is needed to ensure optimum textural and cooking characteristics in NSP enriched pasta products.

Rheological and sensory behaviors of parboiled pasta cooked using a microwave pasteurization process.

Science.gov (United States)

Joyner, Helen S; Jones, Kari E; Rasco, Barbara A

2017-10-01

Pasta hydration and cooking requirements make in-package microwave pasteurization of pasta a processing challenge. The objective of this study was to assess instrumental and sensory attributes of microwave-treated pasta in comparison to conventionally cooked pasta. Fettuccine pasta was parboiled for 0, 3, 6, 9, or 12 min, pasteurized by microwaves at 915 MHz, then stored under refrigeration for 1 week. Pastas were evaluated by a trained sensory panel and with rheometry. Total pasta heat treatment affected both rheological and sensory behaviors; these differences were attributed to ultrastructure differences. Significant nonlinear behavior and dominant fluid-like behavior was observed in all pastas at strains >1%. Sensory results suggested microwave pasteurization may intensify the attributes associated with the aging of pasta such as retrogradation. A clear trend between magnitude of heat treatment and attribute intensity was not observed for all sensory attributes tested. The microwave pasta with the longest parboil time showed rheological behavior most similar to conventionally cooked pasta. Principal component analysis revealed that no microwave-treated pasta was similar to the control pasta. However, pasta parboiled for 9 min before microwave treatment had the greatest number of similar sensory attributes, followed by pasta parboiled for 6 or 12 min. Further study is needed to determine overall consumer acceptance of microwave-treated pasta and whether the differences in sensory and rheological behavior would impact consumer liking. The results of this study may be applied to optimize microwave pasteurization processes for cooked pasta and similar products, such as rice. The measurement and analysis procedures can be used to evaluate processing effects on a variety of different foods to determine overall palatability. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Dieta del Cernícalo Americano (Falco sparverius Linnaeus, 1758 en dos hábitats interandinos del norte de Ecuador

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Glenda M. Pozo-Zamora

2017-07-01

Full Text Available El cernícalo americano es una especie de ave rapaz ampliamente distribuida desde Alaska hasta Tierra de Fuego en Argentina. Su dieta generalista está basada principalmente en invertebrados. En Ecuador existe escasa información biológica de ésta especie, desconociéndose aspectos de alimentación. En el presente trabajo se da a conocer la dieta del cernícalo americano, por medio del análisis de egagrópilas colectadas en dos hábitats ubicados en la región interandina en el norte de Ecuador. Los ítems más representativos para Sangolquí y Tababela fueron los coleópteros (48.4 y 39.5%, seguidos por orthópteros (31.3 y 30.7 % respectivamente. En términos de biomasa, los mamíferos son los más importantes dentro de la dieta del cernícalo americano con el 40.3% para Sangolquí y el 70.8% en Tababela. El índice de Shannon (H´= 1.894 indica una mediana diversidad de presas, y la amplitud de dieta (0.26 indica que ésta especie presenta una dieta especialista, difiriendo de otros hábitats donde presenta dieta generalista.

Desempenho de frangos de corte e digestibilidade de rações com sorgo ou milheto e complexo enzimático

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Paulo Ricardo de Sá da Costa Leite

2011-03-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a digestibilidade de rações formuladas com sorgo (Sorghum bicolor, ou milheto (Pennisetum glaucum e adição de um complexo enzimático comercial composto de amilase, carboidrases, proteases e fitase, e o desempenho de frangos de corte. Para avaliação de desempenho, foram alojados 1.800 pintos de corte machos em delineamento em blocos ao acaso, em arranjo fatorial 2x2, com quatro tratamentos (rações com sorgo ou milheto com ou sem adição de complexo enzimático e cinco repetições com 60 aves por unidade experimental. Nos ensaios de metabolismo realizados dos 10 aos 14 e dos 24 aos 28 dias, foram distribuídos 420 pintos machos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2x2 (rações com milheto ou sorgo com ou sem adição de complexo enzimático. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas com o teste F para contrastes ortogonais. Nas rações elaboradas com sorgo, a adição do complexo enzimático proporcionou melhores coeficientes de digestibilidade da gordura e do nitrogênio. A adição de complexo enzimático em rações formuladas com sorgo melhora a conversão alimentar somente na fase inicial de criação dos frangos, enquanto a adição de complexo enzimático não melhora o desempenho de frango nas rações elaboradas com milheto.

Variables socionutricionales de hogares mazahuas integrados por preescolares desnutridos con madres con obesidad y sin obesidad

OpenAIRE

Viridiana Vanessa Conzuelo-González

2009-01-01

El primer objetivo fue conocer cuántos menores de cinco años con diferentes grados de desnutrición tienen una madre con sobrepeso/obesidad/ en una comunidad indígena que vive en extrema pobreza y bajo condiciones de migración masculina internacional. El segundo fue comparar tres variables socionutricionales (ingreso familiar, educación de la madre y adecuación nutrimental de la dieta diaria) entre estos hogares y los hogares con desnutrición infantil y madres sin obesidad. Se realizó un estud...

Variables socionutricionales de hogares mazahuas integrados por preescolares desnutridos con madres con obesidad y sin obesidad

OpenAIRE

Viridiana Vanessa Conzuelo-González; Ivonne Vizcarra-Bordi

2009-01-01

El primer objetivo fue conocer cuántos menores de cinco años con diferentes grados de desnutrición tienen una madre con sobrepeso/obesidad/ en una comunidad indígena que vive en extrema pobreza y bajo condiciones de migración masculina internacional. El segundo fue comparar tres variables socionutricionales (ingreso familiar, educación de la madre y adecuación nutrimental de la dieta diaria) entre estos hogares y los hogares con desnutrición infantil y madres sin obesidad. Se realizó un est...

El envejecimiento de las pastas de cemento reforzadas con fibras de vidrio

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Sánchez Paradela, M. L.

1992-06-01

Full Text Available Cement pastes reinforced with glassfibre, popularly called GRC ("Glassfibre Reinforced Cements" are compound materials which have been widely used in the construction field for the last 30 years. Their good mechanical properties, lightness and resistance to corrosion and fire make them suitable in the process of replacing the fibrocements with asbestos base in numerous applications. For that reason, their use has been extended in recent years and they have mainly been used to manufacture panels for facades and interior decoration as well as, to a smaller extent, for plumbing installations, roofs, lost formwork and even for "fingers" at the airports (1, 2, 3, 4, 5. Nevertheless, it has been known for over 25 years that GRC suffer deterioration with the time which affects their mechanical properties and especially their tenacity; they become fragile and crack under small deformations. The research carried out to determine the causes of the phenomenon and look for possible solutions has been intense and it would be impossible to give more details here due to the lack of space. We will try, nevertheless, to summarize some more relevant aspects of the problem and the solutions that have reached the highest point of development so far.

Las pastas de cemento reforzadas con fibras de vidrio, denominadas popularmente GRC ("Glassfibre Reinforced Cements", son materiales compuestos que se utilizan ampliamente en el campo de la Construcción desde hace unos 30 años. Sus buenas propiedades mecánicas, ligereza y resistencia a la corrosión y al fuego les hacen idóneos en el proceso de sustitución de los fibrocementos de base amianto en numerosas aplicaciones. Por tal motivo, su empleo se ha extendido en los últimos años, utilizándose fundamentalmente para fabricar paneles de cierre de fachadas y decoración de interiores y en menor grado para tuberías, cubiertas, encofrados permanentes e incluso para "fingers" o brazos de acceso a los aviones

Efectos de la suplementación con bloques multinutricionales a base de nopal fermentado sobre la ganancia de peso de ovinos en crecimiento Efectos de la suplementación con bloques multinutricionales a base de nopal fermentado sobre la ganancia de peso de ovinos en crecimiento

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Isidro Guajardo Hernández

2012-02-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo presenta una alternativa práctica del aprovechamiento del nopal mediante la elaboración de Bloques Multinutricionales (BM y su utilización en la alimentación de corderos en crecimiento. Al nopal fresco picado se le adicionó sorgo, soya, urea, minerales y yogurt natural, se dejó fermentar por dos semanas a temperatura ambiente y se elaboraron los BM con un 25 % de nopal fermentado. Se utilizaron 20 corderos destetados con un peso vivo promedio de 17 Kg distribuidos en dos grupos (con y sin BM, ambos grupos recibieron una dieta típica. Durante 57 días de experimentación se midió el consumo de alimento, consumo de BM y el peso de los corderos. Los pesos de los animales fueron analizados estadísticamente mediante un análisis de varianza con un diseño completamente al azar. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (P > .05 en los pesos de los animales. El BM elaborado con nopal fermentado fue consumido adecuadamente por los animales.This paper presents a practical alternative use for the prickly pear cactus as a principalcomponent in the elaboration of multi-nutritional blocks (BMs used to feed growing sheep.Sorghum, soy bean, urea minerals, and natural yogurt were added to the cactus, the mixturewas fermented for two weeks at room temperature, and then the BMs were made consisting25 % of the fermented mixture. Twenty weaned sheep with an average weight of 17 kg wererandomly assigned to one of two groups (with or without BMs, and both were fed a typicaldiet for growing sheep. Feed intake, BM intake, and body weight were registered overa 57 day period. Body weight was analyzed statistically through ANOVA in a completelyrandomized design. No statistically significant differences were observed in body weight.BMs made with fermented prickly pear cactus were adequately consumed by the sheep.

Recent progress on understanding 'pasta' phases in dense stars

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Watanabe, Gentaro; Sonoda, Hidetaka

2005-01-01

In cores of supernovae and crusts of neutron stars, nuclei can adopt interesting shapes, such as rods or slabs, etc., which are referred to as nuclear 'pasta'. Recently, we have been studying the pasta phases focusing on their dynamical aspects with quantum molecular dynamic (QMD) approach. We review our findings on the following topics: dynamical formation of the pasta phases by cooling down the hot uniform nuclear matter; a phase diagram on the density versus temperature plane; structural transitions between the pasta phases induced by compression and their mechanism. Properties of the nuclear interaction used in our works are also discussed

Amino acid composition of protein-enriched dried pasta

OpenAIRE

Vidrih, Rajko; Filip, Sebastjan

2016-01-01

Today, obesity is one of the major health problems, a so-called epidemic of the developed world. Obesity arises through an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure, so it is important for products to have a balanced nutritional composition. The aim of this study is to prepare high-protein pasta with high nutritional quality, with emphasis on its amino acid composition, as ordinary durum pasta lacks lysine and threonine. Ordinary durum wheat pasta contains, on average, 77 % carbo...

Causas de desapego a tratamiento, dieta y seguimiento de pacientes con diabetes y factores asociados con la enfermedad

OpenAIRE

De la Cruz Maldonado, María Guadalupe; Vargas Morales, Juan Manuel; Ledezma Tristán, Erika Selene; Holguín Carrillo, Mariana Carolina; Martínez Castellanos, Alan Ytzeen; Fragoso Morales, Lilia Esperanza

2013-01-01

La Diabetes Mellitus (DM) es un problema de salud pública mundial que se presenta en una gran cantidad de países. En la región de las Américas, para el 2007, la mortalidad evitable por DM fue de 22,000 casos. México ocupa el segundo lugar mundial en prevalencia de diabetes y se estima que para 2018 podría ocupar el primer lugar. En este estudio se presentan las principales causas de desapego al tratamiento farmacológico y dieta indicada, en pacientes de un municipio de San Luis Potosí.Las pri...

Whole-grain pasta reduces appetite and meal-induced thermogenesis acutely

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Cioffi, Iolanda; Santarpia, Lidia; Vaccaro, Andrea

2016-01-01

In epidemiological studies, the intake of foods rich in dietary fiber is associated with a reduced risk of developing overweight and type 2 diabetes. This work aims to identify acute strategies to regulate appetite and improve glucose control by using different pasta meals. Hence, 4 different...... isocaloric lunch meals, consisting of (i) refined-grain pasta (RG+T), (ii) whole-grain pasta (WG+T), (iii) lemon juice-supplemented refined-grain pasta (LRG+T), and (iv) refined-grain pasta with legumes (RG+L), were administered to 8 healthy participants in a crossover design. On the test days, participants...... glucose (p = 0.001) was lower for RG+T, and triacylglycerols (p = 0.02) increased for LRG+T; however, insulin, C-peptide, and ghrelin were comparable in all other meals. In conclusion, our study indicates that acute consumption of whole-grain pasta may promote fullness and reduce hunger, lowering...

EFECTO DE GENTIANELLA ALBOROSEA EN ESTEATOSIS HEPÁTICA NO ALCOHÓLICA INDUCIDA POR DIETA HIPERLIPÍDICA EN RATAS HOLTZMAN HEMBRAS

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L. Ugaz-Soto

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Determinar el efecto del extracto de Gentianella alborosea como tratamiento contra esteatosis hepática no alcohólica (EHNA inducida por dieta hiperlipídica en ratas Holtzman hembras. Métodos: Diseño: Estudio experimental incompleto. Lugar: Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú. Participantes: Ratas Holtzman hembras. Intervenciones: Se utilizó 32 ratas repartidas en 4 grupos (n=8 distribuidos aleatoriamente: grupo control negativo, control positivo con dieta hiperlipídica, dosis 1 (35 mg/kg y dosis 2 (70 mg/kg. Se indujo EHNA con dieta hiperlipídica (Carbohidratos: 26%, Lípidos: 59% y Proteínas: 15% Calorías durante un período de 21 días, ad libitum. Luego, se administró el extracto acuoso de Gentianella alborosea por 4 días. Finalmente, se extrajeron los hígados para evaluar las alteraciones histopatológicas del parénquima hepático. Principales medidas de resultados: Se realizó el conteo microscópico de hepatocitos afectados con macrovacuolas, y los resultados fueron comparados mediante las pruebas de ANOVA (p<0,05 y HSD de Tukey (p<0,05. Resultados: Se encontró diferencias significativas (p<0.05 en el porcentaje de hepatocitos afectados entre los grupos dosis 1 (3.25 ± 2.27 y el control positivo (7.50 ± 3.76. Además, no se encontró diferencia significativa entre los grupos dosis 1 y dosis 2. Conclusiones: No se pudo determinar el efecto de Gentianella alborosea sobre la esteatosis hepática no alcohólica inducida por dieta hiperlipídica en ratas Holtzman hembra, por lo que se recomiendan estudios posteriores.

Las dietas cetogénicas: beneficios adicionales a la pérdida de peso y efectos secundarios infundados

OpenAIRE

Pérez-Guisado, Joaquín

2008-01-01

Además de la pérdida de peso, también es importante enfatizar que las dietas cetogénicas son saludables cardiovascularmente y para el metabolismo glucídico, ya que promueven un perfil lipídico no aterogénico, el descenso de la presión arterial y disminuyen la resistencia a la insulina con una mejora en los niveles plasmáticos de glucosa e insulina. Estas dietas podrían tener efectos anticancerígenos, no tienen efectos perniciosos sobre el hígado o el riñón, no se asocian ...

Efecto del nivel de clorhidrato de ractopamina y proteína en la dieta sobre el desempeño productivo y rendimiento en canal de pavos comerciales

OpenAIRE

Pool Ordóñez, Agustín; Santos Ricalde, Ronald; Carvajal Hernandez, Melinda; Medrano Lizama, Gonzalo; Segura Correa, José

2009-01-01

Se evaluó el efecto del nivel de clorhidrato de ractopamina (0, 5 o 10 ppm) y proteína (22% y 24%) en la dieta sobre el desempeño productivo y rendimiento en canal de pavos comerciales. Se utilizaron 72 pavos machos de la línea Nicholas-700 de 14 semanas de edad. Los pavos se alimentaron ad libitum con dietas experimentales durante 28 días. Se encontró que los pavos asignados a los tratamientos con clorhidrato de ractopamina (CLRP) tuvieron mayores ganancias diarias de peso (0.139, 0.154 y 0....

The Panda Strip Asic: Pasta

Science.gov (United States)

Lai, A.

2018-01-01

PASTA is the 64 channel front-end chip, designed in a 110 nm CMOS technology to read out the strip sensors of the Micro Vertex Detector (MVD) of the PANDA experiment. This chip provides high resolution timestamp and deposited charge information by means of the time-over-threshold technique. Its working principle is based on a predecessor, the TOFPET ASIC, that was designed for medical applications. A general restructuring of the architecture was needed, in order to meet the specific requirements imposed by the physics programme of PANDA, especially in terms of radiation tolerance, spatial constraints, and readout in absence of a first level hardware trigger. The first revision of PASTA is currently under evaluation at the Forschungszentrum Jülich, where a data acquisition system dedicated to the MVD prototypes has been developed. This paper describes the main aspect of the chip design, gives an overview of the data acquisition system used for the verification, and shows the first results regarding the performance of PASTA.

El agrietamiento superficial de las pastas puras de cemento: una interpretación

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Calleja, J.

1964-12-01

Full Text Available Not availableSe aborda por métodos analíticos y técnicas de difracción de rayos X el problema de determinar las posibles causas del agrietamiento superficial de galletas de pasta pura de cemento. Se encuentran diferencias de composición y constitución entre la zona superficial agrietada de las galletas y el resto de la masa, hallándose concordancia entre determinados constituyentes químicos calculados a base del análisis químico y los resultados de difracción de rayos X. Se interpretan estas diferencias como atribuibles a una exudación de lechada de la pasta, con extracción de álcalis solubles y yeso. Como consecuencia, la exudación provoca una carbonatación, una mayor retracción y posiblemente un fraguado acelerado en la zona superficial en relación con la masa interior de las galletas. Como causa directa de la ·exudación se acepta la hipótesis de una granulometría anormal del cemento, probablemente debida a un exceso de finos o gruesos por una molienda grosera, y producida por una deficiencia de tipo mecánico en el proceso de molturación del clínker.

Whole grain gluten-free pastas and flatbreads

Science.gov (United States)

Whole grain gluten-free products were formulated and evaluated for acceptance by volunteer tasters. The tastes judged acceptance of whole grain, gluten-free, egg-free pastas for corn 83%, sorghum 79%, brown rice 77% and millet 50%. The acceptance for similar high protein pasta was corn-garbanzo 70...

Pasta phases in core-collapse supernova matter

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pais, Helena; Chiacchiera, Silvia; Providência, Constança

2016-01-01

The pasta phase in core-collapse supernova matter (finite temperatures and fixed proton fractions) is studied within relativistic mean field models. Three different calculations are used for comparison, the Thomas-Fermi (TF), the Coexisting Phases (CP) and the Compressible Liquid Drop (CLD) approximations. The effects of including light clusters in nuclear matter and the densities at which the transitions between pasta configurations and to uniform matter occur are also investigated. The free energy and pressure, in the space of particle number densities and temperatures expected to cover the pasta region, are calculated. Finally, a comparison with a finite temperature Skyrme-Hartree-Fock calculation is drawn. (paper)

Elaboración de una pasta de harina compuesta utilizando sémola e hidrolizado de germen desgrasado de maíz (Zea mays L.

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Eumelia Gómez

2011-01-01

Full Text Available El germen desgrasado de maíz subproducto de la extracción del aceite, presenta niveles altos de carbohidratos, proteína, fibra y palatabilidad poco agradable, que mejora al hidrolizarlo, aumentándose la disponibilidad de sus componentes, para obtener un ingrediente potencial en la preparación de alimentos. El objetivo del trabajo fue utilizar el hidrolizado para sustituir parcialmente la sémola de trigo durum, y obtener una harina compuesta para elaborar una pasta larga, nutritiva y aceptable sensorialmente. El germen desgrasado hidrolizado enzimáticamente, se deshidrató por atomización y se elaboraron tres formulaciones sustituyendo la sémola de trigo durum por el hidrolizado en 10 %, 15 % y 20 %. Se midieron parámetros de cocción, evaluaciones físicas, químicas, microbiológicas, nutricionales y sensoriales, utilizando metodologías oficiales nacionales e internacionales. Con la sustitución disminuyeron el tiempo de cocción, el volumen y los sólidos disueltos. Los atributos evaluados olor, sabor y color señalaron que la mejor pasta fue la sustituida en 10 % (p ≤ 0,05. Los valores de proteína 12,8 % y de carbohidratos 84,10 %, fueron semejantes a la pasta de sémola de trigo durum. Los niveles de fósforo, hierro y magnesio (400 mg/100 g, 3,49 mg/100 g, 118,47 mg/100 g y el aporte energético (394 kcal/100 g fueron mayores. La estabilidad microbiológica indicó que el producto sustituido con 10 %, se mantiene apto para el consumo durante 2 meses. Se concluye que es factible el uso del hidrolizado en un 10 % de sustitución en la elaboración de pasta larga, con alta aceptabilidad.

Corrección de la clorosis férrica con quelato EDDHA en cultivos sembrados en suelo alcalino y calcáreo

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Arturo Díaz Franco

2018-01-01

Full Text Available La deficiencia de hierro (Fe en los cultivos se manifiesta principalmente en regiones con suelos alcalinos y calcáreos. En el presente estudio se evaluó la efectividad del Fe3+ quelatado con EDDHA [ac. etilendiamino di-(o-hidroxifenilacetato] y la aspersión foliar de FeSO4 solos y combinados, en los cultivos de sorgo, soya, okra y frijol. El EDDHA-Fe (Ultraferro® se aplicó a dosis de 1% en la siembra sobre las semillas y para el FeSO4 se hicieron dos aplicaciones foliares al 1.5%. En los cuatro experimentos se determinó el índice de clorofila (SPAD en tres fechas (15 y 28 de marzo, 6 de abril, y a los 48-50 días después de la siembra se cuantificó la biomasa foliar y radical. Entre los cultivos, las plantas de soya y okra manifestaron la mayor intensidad de clorosis férrica, la cual fue visible entre los tratamientos. En ambos cultivos los mayores valores SPAD y de biomasa foliar y radical se obtuvieron con la aplicación de EDDHA-Fe solo o combinado con FeSO4. En frijol y sorgo, la clorosis fue menos visible, para las plantas de frijol el mayor índice de clorofila se registró con EDDHA-Fe y FeSO4 en las dos últimas fechas de evaluación (28 de marzo y 6 de abril y los tres tratamientos químicos superaron de forma similar al testigo, en la biomasa foliar y radical. Las plantas de sorgo registraron los mayores índices SPAD en la última fecha (6 de abril, mientras que no fueron significativas las diferencias en la biomasa foliar y radical. No se observó efecto aditivo en las variables con la combinación EDDHA-Fe y FeSO4. En general, los resultados indican que la aplicación de EDDHA-Fe solo o combinado con FeSO4 foliar en soya, okra y frijol, mostraron corrección de la clorosis férrica de manera efectiva.

Uso de harina de cabeza de camarón como reemplazo proteico de harina de pescado en dietas balanceadas para juveniles de Totoaba macdonaldi (Gilbert, 1890

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Luis Daniel Espinosa-Chaurand

2015-07-01

Full Text Available En dietas para juveniles de Totoaba macdonaldi (26,3 ± 4,7 g y 13,6 ± 1 cm se evaluó la sustitución proteica parcial de harina de pescado (HP por harinas de cabeza de camarón (HCC, sobre su crecimiento, sobrevivencia, factor de conversión alimenticia (FCA y composición química de tejidos, y el coeficiente de digestibilidad aparente de materia seca (CDA, proteínas (CDAP y lípidos (CDAL de estas dietas. Se utilizó HCC de cabezas enteras deshidratadas al sol (F y HCC de cabezas maceradas y deshidratadas en secador de aire (M. Las dietas fueron isoproteicas (55,5% de proteína cruda, isolipídicas (15% de lípidos e isoenergéticas (4,6 Kcal g-1 remplazando el 0% (dieta control; DC, 15% (F15 y M15 y 30% (F30 y M3ü de la proteína de la HP por la de HCC. Después de 57 días la sobrevivencia con HCC (99.44 ± 1.92% fue mayor que DC (88,89 ± 3,85%. El peso ganado, crecimiento específico en peso (TCE y el consumo total no presentaron diferencias estadísticas (P > 0,05 entre los organismos alimentados con HCC. No obstante, la dieta M30 presentó un promedio mayor en TCE (0,99 ± 0,06 y crecimiento (19,82 ± 1.64 g/pez. La dieta M30 significativamente tuvo la mejor FCA (1,61 ± 0,13 y las más altas CDA (66,18 ± 1,28, CDAP (86,51 ± 0,53 y CDAL (72,29 ± 1,10. Se concluye que la sustitución proteica de HP por HCC en alimento para juveniles de totoabas mejoró los parámetros productivos y los CDAs, obteniéndose mejores resultados con la inclusión de HCC macerada y niveles de sustitución de 30%.

Metabolomics and food processing: From semolina to pasta

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Beleggia, R

2011-09-01

Full Text Available The objective of this study was to investigate the metabolite variations during industrial pasta processing (from semolina to dried pasta) for five different commercial products. Up to 76 metabolites were detected. Significant differences were...

Estudio de la suplementación de la dieta materna con cerveza sin alcohol, su efecto sobre el metabolismo oxidativo materno infantil y sobre las propiedades antioxidantes de la leche humana

OpenAIRE

Hernández Aguilar, Maria Teresa

2015-01-01

INTRODUCCION: Tras el nacimiento, el ser humano necesita el aporte de antioxidantes que le ayuden a hacer frente al daño oxidativo. La leche humana es la fuente esencial de antioxidantes para el recién nacido pero su composición varía con el estado nutricional y la dieta maternos. Se ha observado que el contenido en antioxidantes y la capacidad antioxidante total de la leche humana, son mayores en el calostro y menores en la leche segregada por la madre en los días y meses posteriores. Es p...

Efecto de Gentianella alborosea en esteatosis hepática no alcohólica inducida por dieta hiperlipídica en ratas holtzman hembras

OpenAIRE

L Ugaz-Soto; JH Zafra-Tanaka; María E. Tapia Vicente

2013-01-01

Objetivo: Determinar el efecto del extracto de Gentianella alborosea como tratamiento contra esteatosis hepática no alcohólica (EHNA)  inducida por dieta hiperlipídica en ratas Holtzman hembras. Métodos: Diseño: Estudio experimental incompleto. Lugar: Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú. Participantes: Ratas Holtzman hembras. Intervenciones: Se utilizó 32 ratas repartidas en 4 grupos (n=8) distribuidos aleatoriamente: grupo control negativo, control positivo con dieta hiperli...

Desempenho e qualidade dos ovos de poedeiras comerciais, alimentadas com dietas contendo sorgo e páprica em substituição ao milho = Performance and egg quality of laying hens fed with sorghum and paprika based diets to replace the corn

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jarier de Oliveira Moreno

2007-04-01

Full Text Available Para estudar o efeito da substituição do milho pelo sorgo, com ou sem a adição do pigmento natural, páprica, na ração de poedeiras comerciais, 160 poedeiras Hy-Line W36, (47 semanas de idade, distribuídas ao acaso, em duas aves por gaiola de 25 cm, divididas em cinco tratamentos com quatro repetições de oito aves cada, foram utilizadas. A ração controle foi à base de milho e farelo de soja e as demais substituíram o milho pelo sorgo, de baixo tanino, na proporção de 50 ou 100%. A páprica, quando adicionada, foi em 500 g t-1 e 1.000 g t-1 para os níveis de sorgo de 50 e 100%, respectivamente. A substituição do milho por sorgo não afetou o desempenho na postura, mas reduziu a pigmentação da gema. A coloração da gema, com a adição do pigmento natural, em ambas dosagens, foisuperior ao controle, porém a dosagem de 1.000 g t-1 reduziu a postura.This study aimed to investigate the effect of the substitution of the corn for sorghum, with or without supplementation of paprika, asnatural pigment, in the diets of laying hens. The experiment was conducted with 160 Hy-Line W36 layer hens (47 weeks of age, kept in cages of 25 cm, distributed in a completely randomized design, with eight birds and four replications. The control diet was on a cornand soybean meal base and the other diets had 50 or 100% of substitution of corn by sorghum, low tannin. The paprika, when supplemented, was added in 500 g t-1 or 1,000 g t-1. to the ration of low or high sorghum levels, respectively. The substitution of the cornby sorghum did not affect the performance of laying hens, but decreased the yolk pigmentation. When the natural pigment was added, in both dosages, the yolk pigmentation was higher than that obtained from the control diet, but the level of 1,000 g t-1. reduced theperformance of layers.

Elaboración de pasta de pescado a partir de especies magras.

OpenAIRE

Echevarría Mesia, Christian Giacomo

2015-01-01

La presente Memoria Descriptiva tiene como objetivo dar a conocer el proceso de elaboración de Pasta o Surimi de pescado a partir de la especies magras de nuestra región entre las que se consideró a las especies Cichla monoculus (Tucunaré) (Spix, 1829) y Brachyplatystoma tigrinum (Zúngaro Tigre) (IIAP, 2009). Estas peces son especies magras nativos de la Amazonia, con alto potencial para la diversificación de la piscicultura Nacional. La cuenca amazónica no sólo posee gran abundancia de cuerp...

Evaluation of fresh pasta-making properties of extra-strong common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

Science.gov (United States)

Ito, Miwako; Maruyama-Funatsuki, Wakako; Ikeda, Tatsuya M; Nishio, Zenta; Nagasawa, Koichi; Tabiki, Tadashi; Yamauchi, Hiroaki

2012-12-01

The relationship between characterictics of flour of common wheat varieties and fresh pasta-making qualitites was examined, and the fresh pasta-making properties of extra-strong varieties that have extra-strong dough were evaluated. There was a positive correlation between mixing time (PT) and hardness of boiled pasta, indicating that the hardness of boiled pasta was affected by dough properties. Boiled pasta made from extra-strong varieties, Yumechikara, Hokkai 262 and Hokkai 259, was harder than that from other varieties and commercial flour. There was a negative correlation between flour protein content and brightness of boiled pasta. The colors of boiled pasta made from Yumechikara and Hokkai 262 grown under the condition of standard manuring culture were superior to those of boiled pasta made from other varieties. Discoloration of boiled pasta made from Yumechikara grown under the condition of heavy manuring culture was caused by increase of flour protein content. On the other hand, discoloration of boiled pasta made from Hokkai 262 grown under the condition of heavy manuring culture was less than that of boiled pasta made from Yumechikara. These results indicate that pasta made from extra-strong wheat varieties has good hardness and that Hokkai 262 has extraordinary fresh pasta-making properties.

Rheological properties and mineral content of buckwheat enriched wholegrain wheat pasta

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Nedeljković Nataša

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Light buckwheat flour (LBF was used to substitute 20% of whole wheat flour (WWF in the formulation of wholegrain wheat pasta. Wholegrain wheat pasta (WWP and buckwheat enriched wholegrain wheat pasta (BWWP were produced on an industrial scale. Substitution level of buckwheat flour (20% was based on previously conducted rheological tests on LBF/WWF blends which were performed using 10, 20 and 30% of LBF. The obtained Mixolab profiles have indicated that wheat blend containing 20% LBF expressed the most similar rheological parameters to WWF. Proximate composition, cooking quality and mineral content of BWWP were analyzed and compared with those of WWP. The substitution of WWF with LBF in the pasta formulation resulted in significantly increased (P < 0.05 contents of P, Mg, K and Zn compared to WWP in dry pasta. The reduction in mineral content of BWWP during cooking was significantly higher (P < 0.05 compared to WWP. The content of P, Mg and K were at same level in both type of pasta after cooking. The obtained results suggest that enrichment of WWP with LBF at the level of 20% did not improve the mineral content of cooked pasta, although increase in minerals was observed in dry pasta. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TR31029

Poblaciones microbianas ruminales en novillas alimentadas con Leucaena leucocephala en el Bosque Seco Tropical colombiano.

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Erika Angarita

2015-05-01

Full Text Available La fermentación y metanogénesis ruminal son procesos metabolicos vitales para los bovinos y son llevados a cabo por poblaciones microbianas, las cuales se afectan por factores como la presencia de metabolitos secundarios, la composición nutricional y la degradabilidad de la dieta. El objetivo de este trabajo fue monitorear las poblaciones de bacterias totales, metanógenos totales y Butirivibrio fibrisolvens en el rumen de novillas raza Lucerna, alimentadas con dietas típicas de un sistema silvopastoril intensivo y un sistema tradicional. Para ello, se colectó contenido ruminal (CR por vía oral a ocho novillas que consumían 100% Cynodon plectostachyus (control y 76% C. plectostachyus + 24% Leucaena leucocephala siguiendo un diseño de sobre-cambio. A partir del CR se extrajo y cuantificó ADN mediante PCR cuantitativa. Las poblaciones [Log10 (ng/g CR] fueron 5.6 y 5.8 para bacterias totales (P= 0.5343, 3.6 y 3.5 para B. fibrisolvens (P= 0.4742, y 5.0 y 5.3 para metanógenos totales (P= 0.2661, para la dieta control y la dieta con leucaena respectivamente. Las poblaciones monitoreadas cuantitativamente no difirieron de manera significativa con la inclusión de L. leucocephala. Esto indica la importancia de investigar la estructura, función e interacciones de las poblaciones más allá del análisis cuantitativo para determinar cómo la dieta afecta las poblaciones microbianas ruminales y su función.

Dieta cetogênica: como o uso de uma dieta pode interferir em mecanismos neuropatológicos

OpenAIRE

Pereira, Érica Silva; Alves, Marion; Sacramento, Thaiana; Rocha, Vera Lúcia

2010-01-01

p. 78-82 A dieta cetogênica tem sido usada de forma ampla e com sucesso para o tratamento de crianças com epilepsia de difícil controle desde a década de 1920. Mas foi somente há uma década que a dieta cetogênica deixou de ser vista como um tratamento alternativo ou de última escolha para estes pacientes e seu uso tem sido considerado em todo o mundo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi revisar o conhecimento disponível acerca da dieta cetogênica: mecanismo de ação, eficácia, tolerabili...

Neutrino opacities and the pasta phase structure

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Menezes, D.P.; Alloy, M.D.

2011-01-01

The diffusion coefficients that are related to the neutrino opacities are calculated in such a way that the formation of nuclear pasta and homogeneous matter at low densities are taken into account. Two methods are developed to build the pasta phase and their differences are outlined. One of them is chosen as part of a complete equation of state used in the calculation of the diffusion coefficients. Our results show that the mean free paths are significantly altered by the presence of nuclear pasta in stellar matter when compared with the results obtained with pure homogeneous matter. These differences in neutrino opacities will have consequences in the calculation of the Kelvin-Helmholtz phase of protoneutron stars. (author)

Polyphenol content and glycemic load of pasta enriched with Faba bean flour

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Imma Turco

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Background: Legumes contain elevated levels of health functional components. The objective of the present paper was to evaluate the nutritional properties and the post-prandial glycaemic responses of pasta obtained using 35% Vicia Faba (VF bean flour, which is an important source of fiber and phytochemical compounds. Results: Protein and fiber content were higher in VF pasta compared with durum wheat semolina (DWS pasta. The total phenol content in VF pasta was about two fold higher compared to that of DWS pasta. A higher total flavonoid content, higher antioxidant activity against peroxyl radicals evaluated by oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC assay was also observed in VF pasta. The comparison of post-prandial increase of glucose after VF intake or DWS demonstrated significant differences and VF pasta exhibited a lower glycemic index value, a lower glycemic load and higher glycemic profile compared with DWS pasta. Conclusion: The results suggest that enrichment with 35% Vicia faba bean has potential health benefits and that VF flour can be used as an ingredient to prepare added-value products.

Dieta y disponibilidad de forraje del venado cola blanca Odocoileus virginianus thomasi (Artiodactyla: Cervidae en un campo experimental de Campeche, México

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Danilo Granados

2014-08-01

Full Text Available En Campeche, México no existen estudios de la dieta de Odocoileus virginianus thomasi; a pesar de la existencia de 122 Unidades de Manejo para la Conservación de la Vida Silvestre (UMAS en donde se realiza aprovechamiento del venado cola blanca. Los objetivos del trabajo fueron conocer la composición botánica de la dieta y su cambio estacional, la disponibilidad de forraje, la capacidad de carga y carga animal de O. virginianus thomasi. El trabajo se realizó de octubre 2010 a mayo 2012 en el Campo Experimental del Colegio de Postgraduados en Campeche, México. La composición de la dieta se determinó mediante el análisis de heces de venado y material de referencia con la técnica microhistológica; la disponibilidad de forraje se estimó con el método de Adelaide; la capacidad de carga utilizando la presión de pastoreo y la carga animal considerando el forraje disponible y 35% de eficiencia de utilización. La dieta incluyó 40 especies de 15 familias. La riqueza de especies más alta fue de 29 especies en la época de lluvia; las arbustivas fueron preferidas en las tres épocas del año y las herbáceas en la época de lluvia. La composición de la dieta, disponibilidad de forraje, la capacidad de carga y carga animal variaron a través del año. La capacidad de carga fluctuó entre 0.04 a 1.08 venados/ha.

Green Barley as an Ingredient in Pasta: Antioxidant Activity and Sensory Characteristics Evaluation

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Ivanišová Eva

2018-03-01

Full Text Available The aims of the present study was to determine antioxidant activity, sensory properties as well as total polyphenol, flavonoid and chlorophyll content of raw and cooked pasta enriched by 1%, 3% and 5% addition of green barley powder. Results of antioxidant activity showed that increase of green barley addition increase antioxidant activity of pasta. The values in raw pasta obtained by DPPH ranged from 1.17 (control to 1.81 (5% addition mg TEAC/g DM, after cooking values ranged from 0.82 (control to 1.59 (5% addition mg TEAC/g DM. Similar tendency was signed by molybdenum reducing antioxidant power method. In enriched pasta was also found higher content of total polyphenol (0.19 in control raw sample and 1.81 mg GAE/g DM in pasta with 5 % of green barley addition; values of cooked pasta ranged from 0.10 in control sample to 0.73 mg GAE/g DM in pasta with 5 % of green barley addition as well as total flavonoid content (results of raw pasta were from 0.00 in control sample to 0.41 mg QE/g DM in pasta with 5% of green barley addition; values of cooked pasta were from 0.00 in control sample to 0.29 mg QE/g DM in variant with 5% green barley. Green barley also enriched pasta for chlorophyll with the best results in 5% addition. From prepared variants of enriched pasta the best overall acceptability was sign in 3% of green barley addition. Pastas enriched with plant-derived bioactive compounds such as green barley may confer health benefits to consumers.

Body lipid deposition in Nile tilapia fed on rations containing tannin Deposição lipídica corporal em tilápia-do-nilo alimentada com rações com tanino

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Felipe Shindy Aiura

2007-01-01

Full Text Available The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of tannin sources and levels in rations, on the productive performance and body lipid deposition of Nile tilapias (Oreochromis niloticus during the finishing phase. Three hundred and forty-two fishes were distributed in 18 tanks. Rations were prepared using corn, sorghum varieties, with low and high tannin content, and tannic acid at 0.08, 0.34, and 0.60%. Weight gain, apparent feed conversion and protein efficiency rate were not influenced by the treatments. The highest body lipid deposition was observed for the tannic acid treatment (14.39%, while the diet containing sorghum with high tannin content yielded leaner body (12.01% than that of sorghum with low tannin content (13.31%. Diets containing sorghum provided lower levels of visceral fat. Rations with tannin contents did not harm the productive performance of Nile tilapia.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de fontes e níveis de tanino em rações para tilápia-do-nilo (Oreochromis niloticus, durante a engorda, sobre o desempenho produtivo e deposição lipídica corporal. Foram utilizados 342 peixes, distribuídos em 18 tanques. As rações foram preparadas com milho, variedades de sorgo com baixo e alto teor de tanino, e com ácido tânico a 0,08, 0,34, e 0,60%. Ganho de peso, conversão alimentar aparente e taxa de eficiência protéica não foram influenciados pelos tratamentos. A maior deposição lipídica corporal foi observada nas dietas com ácido tânico (14,39%; a dieta de sorgo com alto teor de tanino resultou em carcaças mais magras (12,01% do que as de sorgo com baixo teor de tanino (13,31%. Dietas com sorgo proporcionaram menores teores de gordura visceral. A presença de tanino nas rações não prejudicou o desempenho produtivo da tilápia-do-nilo.

Fate of SDS-insoluble glutenin polymers from semolina to dry pasta.

Science.gov (United States)

Joubert, Marianne; Lullien-Pellerin, Valérie; Morel, Marie-Hélène

2018-02-01

Pasta cooking quality is well known to be related to semolina protein content and composition, however impact of the unextractable polymeric protein content (%UPP) remains disputed. In this work different semolina samples, of variable protein contents (10.5-14.2%) and %UPP (20.2-46.3%) are studied. The changes in %UPP induced by the successive pasta processing steps (mixing, extrusion, drying) but also those occurring during resting periods at 35°C, applied in-between them, were investigated. Effect of a resting period was moderate after mixing, but pronounced after extrusion. Resting of extruded pasta at 35°C significantly increased %UPP, which can even grow beyond that of the semolina. No relationship was found between pasta viscoelastic index (VI) and semolina %UPP or protein content. However, cooked pasta VI was found related to the calculated %UPP of rested fresh pasta. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Substituição total do milho por sorgo e óleo de abatedouro avícola em dietas para frangos de corte Total replacement of corn by sorghum and slaughterhouse poultry oil in broiler diets

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vitória Régia Ramos de Albuquerque Rocha

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da substitui��ão total do milho por sorgo e níveis crescentes de óleo de abatedouro avícola (OAA sobre os parâmetros de desempenho, as características e o rendimento de carcaça de frangos de corte, foram utilizados 260 pintos de 1 dia, machos, da linhagem Cobb, submetidos aos seguintes tratamentos: uma ração-referência à base de milho e quatro rações à base de sorgo com inclusões de 0; 2,5; 5 e 7,5% de OAA de acordo com as fases de criação (1 a 7 dias, 8 a 21 dias, 22 a 33 dias e 34 a 42 dias. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com dois blocos formados conforme o sentido do galpão, duas repetições por bloco, 13 aves por parcela e cinco tratamentos. Não foi observado efeito de bloco sobre as variáveis analisadas entre os tratamentos. A inclusão de OAA nas rações à base de sorgo teve efeito linear sobre o consumo de ração (CR, exceto durante a primeira fase, e o ganho de peso, que aumentou nas fases de 1 a 7 dias, 22 a 33 dias e 1 a 42 dias de idade. A conversão alimentar e a viabilidade não apresentaram diferenças significativas nas fases estudadas. O peso absoluto dos frangos ao abate aumentou linearmente com a adição de OAA na ração. Os pesos e rendimentos da carcaça quente, da carcaça fria, da carcaça após resfriamento de 24 horas, dos cortes nobres, das vísceras comestíveis e da gordura abdominal não foram influenciados pelas rações. A pigmentação da carcaça não foi influenciada pela inclusão de OAA em rações à base de sorgo. O sorgo pode substituir totalmente o milho a partir do 8º dia de idade, pois não interferiu negativamente no desempenho e no rendimento de carcaça. A adição de até 7,5% de OAA em rações à base de sorgo possibilita a produção de carcaças com rendimentos semelhantes ao daquelas obtidas com o fornecimento de rações à base de milho e de farelo de soja, no entanto, é necessária a adição de

α particles and the ''pasta'' phase in nuclear matter

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Avancini, S. S.; Barros, C. C. Jr.; Menezes, D. P.; Providencia, C.

2010-01-01

The effects of the α particles in nuclear matter at low densities are investigated within three different parametrizations of relativistic models at finite temperature. Both homogeneous and inhomogeneous matter (pasta phase) are described for neutral nuclear matter with fixed proton fractions and stellar matter subject to β equilibrium and trapped neutrinos. In homogeneous matter, α particles are present only at densities below 0.02 fm -3 and their presence decreases with increase of the temperature and, for a fixed temperature, the α particle fraction decreases for smaller proton fractions. A repulsive interaction is important to mimic the dissolution of the clusters in homogeneous matter. The effect of the α particles on the pasta structure is very small except close to the critical temperatures and/or proton fractions, when it may still predict a pasta phase while no pasta phase would occur in the absence of light clusters. It is shown that for densities above 0.01 fm 3 the α-particle fraction in the pasta phase is much larger than that in homogeneous matter.

Aspectos nutricionales de la dieta mediterránea

OpenAIRE

Mariné Font, Abel; Vidal, M. Carmen

1999-01-01

Se realiza un anàlisis de los orígenes de la dieta mediterránea, los cuales se remontan a las grandes culturas clásicas de la Edad Antigua. Además, se describe lo que hoy en dia cabe entender como dieta mediterránea y se analiza el valor nutritivo de los alimentos que integran los diversos tipos de dietas mediterrdneas. Finalmente, se realizan algunas consideraciones sobre la bondad de la dieta mediterránea, que, sin ser una panacea, es lo suficientemente equilibrada y agradable para consider...

Quality and nutritional properties of pasta products enriched with immature wheat grain.

Science.gov (United States)

Casiraghi, Maria Cristina; Pagani, Maria Ambrogina; Erba, Daniela; Marti, Alessandra; Cecchini, Cristina; D'Egidio, Maria Grazia

2013-08-01

In this study, nutritional and sensory properties of pasta enriched with 30% immature wheat grain (IWG), a natural source of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS), are evaluated. Colour and cooking quality, nutritional value and glycaemic index (GI) of pasta were assessed in comparison with commercially enriched inulin and 100% wholewheat pastas. IWG integration induced deep changes in colour, without negatively affecting the cooking quality of pasta, and promoted nutritional quality by increasing the fibre content; IWG pasta presented a remarkable leaching of FOS in cooking water, thus providing only 1 g of FOS per serving. IWG pastas showed a GI of 67 (dried) and 79 (fresh), not significantly different from commercial pasta products. IWG can be considered an interesting ingredient to obtain functional products 'naturally enriched' in FOS and fibre. Results about FOS leaching suggest that, in dealing with functional effects, the actual prebiotic content should be carefully considered on food 'as eaten'.

78 FR 48146 - Certain Pasta From Italy: Antidumping Duty Administrative Review; 2011-2012

Science.gov (United States)

2013-08-07

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [A-475-818] Certain Pasta From Italy... certain pasta (pasta) from Italy,\\1\\ covering the period July 1, 2011, through June 30, 2012. The review... e Pastificio and its affiliates Rummo S.p.A., Lenta Lavorazione, and Pasta Castiglioni (collectively...

Atividade elicitora de fitoalexinas em Soja e Sorgo por extratos e tinturas de espécies medicinais

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J. Matiello

2013-01-01

Full Text Available A verificação da capacidade indutora de fitoalexinas a partir de extratos e tinturas de espécies vegetais pode representar uma forma potencial de controle de doenças em plantas cultivadas. O objetivo foi verificar a capacidade de indução de fitoalexinas em cotilédones de Soja e mesocótilos de Sorgo a partir de extratos brutos aquosos (EBAs e tinturas de espécies medicinais. As espécies utilizadas foram as plantas medicinais Arruda (Ruta graveolens, Manjerona (Origanum majorana e Carqueja (Baccharis trimera. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que os EBAs são eficientes na indução de fitoalexinas em cotilédones de Soja. Em mesocótilos de Sorgo os EBAs das plantas medicinais Carqueja e Manjerona induzem a produção de fitoalexinas em concentrações elevadas (15, 20, 25 e 50%. As tinturas são capazes de induzir a produção de fitoalexinas em cotilédones de Soja nas concentrações de 10 e 15%, porém, não são capazes de induzir acúmulo de fitoalexinas em mesocótilos de Sorgo.

¬¬OPTIMASI PENGGUNAAN HIDROKOLOID TERHADAP PASTA MAKARONI BERBASIS BERAS BERAMILOSA TINGGI [Hydrocolloid Optimization on Maccaroni Pasta from High Amylose Rice

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Eko Hari Purnomo

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Pasta is an extrusion product which is commonly produced from wheat flour. Gluten is key substance of wheat flour that affect quality of pasta, such as low cooking loss, low adhesiveness and firm pasta structure. However, gluten may cause health problem for consumers with celiac disease or gluten intolerance. Rice is safe for celiac disease sufferer, but it is technologically challenging to develop rice-based pasta. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of different ratio between xanthan gum and guar gum (2% on the physical characteristics of macaroni pasta from rice flour. This research consisted of several steps which include flour milling and characterization, formulation, and final product analysis. The result showed that different ratio of xanthan gum and guar gum had significant effect to cooking loss, adhesiveness, springiness and hue parameters (P0.05. The optimum formula was noodle by hydrocolloid ratio 2% of xanthan gum and 0 % of guar gum which had desirability value of 0.798. The selected formula was organoleptically accepted by panelists and containing 9.84 % of water, 1.65% of ash, 12.05% of protein, 1.41% of fat, 75.05% of carbohydrate, 24.49% of amylose, also 33.49 "μm" of pore size.

Flora invasora de cultivos de aveia-preta, milho e sorgo em região de cerrado do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil

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Adriana Guglieri-Caporal

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Cerca de 3 milhões de hectares de solos de cerrado no Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul são ocupados por lavouras anuais como aveia-preta, milho e sorgo, nas quais ocorrem plantas invasoras. O primeiro requisito para o manejo e controle de plantas invasoras é a correta identificação. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo realizar o estudo florístico das espécies invasoras de cultivos de aveia-preta, milho e sorgo, em áreas de cerrado do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, para conhecimento sobre a diversidade em cada cultivo e a similaridade florística entre elas. Nos três cultivos estudados foi constatado o total de 14 famílias, 47 gêneros e 66 espécies invasoras. No cultivo de aveia-preta observou-se o maior número de espécies (43, seguido pelos de milho (39 e sorgo (29. As principais famílias em número de espécies foram Fabaceae (16, Poaceae (13 e Asteraceae (10. A maior similaridade florística ocorreu entre os cultivos de milho e sorgo (0,588.

Effects of incorporating nonmodified sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) flour on wheat pasta functional characteristics.

Science.gov (United States)

Saleh, Mohammed; Lee, Youngseung; Obeidat, Hayat

2017-12-28

The effects of substituting wheat flour using fractions of blanched or nonblanched sweet potato flour on produced pasta functional characteristics were investigated. The use of sweet potato flour to replace fractions of wheat flour, regardless of blanching treatment, resulted in significant (p pasta water uptake and solid leaching out and freeze-thaw stability of produced pasta. For instance, treatment containing 40% of nonblanched sweet potato flour and held at 55C resulted in 27% point increase in WHC compared to the control. Sweet potato flour was also contributed to the decrease in treatments pasting viscosities and in cooked pasta hardness. Cooked pasta hardness was significantly (p pasta made using fractions of sweet potato were equivalent to or sometimes superior to that of the control sample. Results indicated the possible enhancement of pasta nutritional quality including firmness, cooking loss, and water uptake without impairing consumer acceptability. The use of sweet potato flour in pasta would enhance the nutritional and physicochemical properties of developed pasta and pasta products. Furthermore, since sweet potato is not cultivated most of the year; sweet potato flour pasta would be better utilized in food processing and is expected to enhance sweet potato consumption year around. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

75 FR 78223 - Certain Pasta From Italy: Preliminary Results of Countervailing Duty Changed Circumstances Review...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-12-15

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [C-475-819] Certain Pasta From Italy... certain pasta from Italy. See Certain Pasta From Italy: Notice of Initiation of Changed Circumstances... Notice''). The Department confirmed that New World Pasta Company, Dakota Growers Pasta Company, and...

Efecto de Gentianella alborosea en esteatosis hepática no alcohólica inducida por dieta hiperlipídica en ratas holtzman hembras

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L Ugaz-Soto

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Determinar el efecto del extracto de Gentianella alborosea como tratamiento contra esteatosis hepática no alcohólica (EHNA  inducida por dieta hiperlipídica en ratas Holtzman hembras. Métodos: Diseño: Estudio experimental incompleto. Lugar: Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú. Participantes: Ratas Holtzman hembras. Intervenciones: Se utilizó 32 ratas repartidas en 4 grupos (n=8 distribuidos aleatoriamente: grupo control negativo, control positivo con dieta hiperlipídica, dosis 1 (35 mg/kg y dosis 2 (70 mg/kg. Se indujo EHNA con dieta hiperlipídica (Carbohidratos: 26%, Lípidos: 59% y Proteínas: 15% Calorías durante un período de 21 días, ad libitum. Luego, se administró el extracto acuoso de Gentianella alborosea por 4 días. Finalmente, se extrajeron los hígados para evaluar las alteraciones histopatológicas del parénquima hepático. Principales medidas de resultados: Se realizó el conteo microscópico de hepatocitos afectados con macrovacuolas, y los resultados fueron comparados mediante las pruebas de ANOVA (p<0,05 y HSD de Tukey (p<0,05. Resultados: Se encontró diferencias significativas (p<0.05 en el porcentaje de hepatocitos afectados entre los grupos dosis 1 (3.25 ± 2.27 y el control positivo (7.50 ± 3.76. Además, no se encontró diferencia significativa entre los grupos dosis 1 y dosis 2. Conclusiones: No se pudo determinar el efecto de Gentianella alborosea sobre la esteatosis hepática no alcohólica inducida por dieta hiperlipídica en ratas Holtzman hembra, por lo que se recomiendan estudios posteriores.

Salud y dietas hiperproteicas

OpenAIRE

Rodrigo Barriuso, Ana

2016-01-01

Introducción: La actual globalización y cultura de masas ha popularizado la aplicación de las dietas hiperproteicas (ingesta diaria superior a 0,8g/kg de peso corporal) en diversos campos. Su consumo en exceso, si no es necesario terapéuticamente, puede generar a nivel óseo, hemodinámico, endocrino y renal, efectos negativos sobre la salud. Justificación: El uso de dietas altas en proteínas, ha planteado la necesidad de programas educativos y de divulgación, donde puede ser ...

Structural, Culinary, Nutritional and Anti-Nutritional Properties of High Protein, Gluten Free, 100% Legume Pasta.

Science.gov (United States)

Laleg, Karima; Cassan, Denis; Barron, Cécile; Prabhasankar, Pichan; Micard, Valérie

2016-01-01

Wheat pasta has a compact structure built by a gluten network entrapping starch granules resulting in a low glycemic index, but is nevertheless unsuitable for gluten-intolerant people. High protein gluten-free legume flours, rich in fibers, resistant starch and minerals are thus a good alternative for gluten-free pasta production. In this study, gluten-free pasta was produced exclusively from faba, lentil or black-gram flours. The relationship between their structure, their cooking and Rheological properties and their in-vitro starch digestion was analyzed and compared to cereal gluten-free commercial pasta. Trypsin inhibitory activity, phytic acid and α-galactosides were determined in flours and in cooked pasta. All legume pasta were rich in protein, resistant starch and fibers. They had a thick but weak protein network, which is built during the pasta cooking step. This particular structure altered pasta springiness and increased cooking losses. Black-gram pasta, which is especially rich in soluble fibers, differed from faba and lentil pasta, with high springiness (0.85 vs. 0.75) and less loss during cooking. In comparison to a commercial cereal gluten-free pasta, all the legume pasta lost less material during cooking but was less cohesive and springy. Interestingly, due to their particular composition and structure, lentil and faba pasta released their starch more slowly than the commercial gluten-free pasta during the in-vitro digestion process. Anti-nutritional factors in legumes, such as trypsin inhibitory activity and α-galactosides were reduced by up to 82% and 73%, respectively, by pasta processing and cooking. However, these processing steps had a minor effect on phytic acid. This study demonstrates the advantages of using legumes for the production of gluten-free pasta with a low glycemic index and high nutritional quality.

Relationship between the properties of raw and cooked spaghetti - new indices for pasta quality evaluation

Science.gov (United States)

Biernacka, Beata; Dziki, Dariusz; Różyło, Renata; Wójcik, Monika; Miś, Antoni; Romankiewicz, Daria; Krzysiak, Zbigniew

2018-04-01

The quality of pasta can be evaluated by measuring the characteristics which encompass the most important quality parameters, such as colour, cooking properties and texture. The aim of the study was to suggest new indices which can be used to evaluate the quality of pasta. For the tests, 15 samples of spaghetti (produced from either semolina or common wheat flour) were used. The bending test was performed for the determination of the strength properties of raw pasta, while the pasta colour parameters were evaluated via the Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage system. The pasta cooking test included the evaluation of optimum cooking time, weight increase index and cooking loss. The samples of cooked spaghetti were cut, and the parameters describing pasta texture were determined. Statistical analysis showed significant correlations (α = 0.05) between colour parameters (lightness and redness) and pasta ash content (R = -0.90 and 0.84, respectively). The mechanical properties of raw pasta correlated positively with pasta density. The strongest correlation was found between pasta density and flexural strength. The destruction force for raw spaghetti during the bending test correlated significantly and positively with the cutting force of the cooked pasta. The obtained correlations can be helpful in pasta quality evaluation.

Evaluación del autoconcepto, la satisfacción con el propio cuerpo y las habilidades sociales en la anorexia y bulimia nerviosas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

ELENA GISMERO GONZALEZ

2001-01-01

Full Text Available De acuerdo con la observación clínica, y en algunos casos con la literatura experimental, los trastornos alimenticios van asociados a insatisfacción con la imagen corporal, así como a baja autoestima o un mal autoconcepto, y aislamiento social, alexitimia, etc. que conllevarían dificultades en las relaciones sociales. Pero ¿son estos aspectos característicos de las personas que padecen anorexia y bulimia nerviosa los que permiten diferenciarlos claramente de otros grupos?. El objetivo del presente estudio es pues, comparar pacientes con Anorexia y Bulimia Nerviosa con tres grupos: control, mujeres que hacen dieta y mujeres en psicoterapia, en medidas de autoconcepto-autoestima, satisfacción con el propio cuerpo y habilidades sociales. Los resultados apoyan la idea de que un mal autoconcepto y ciertos déficits en habilidades sociales son característicos de pacientes con anorexia y bulimia nerviosa, y que los diferencian no sólo de grupos controles normales, sino también de personas que hacen dieta para adelgazar. La insatisfacción con el propio cuerpo caracteriza al grupo de anorexia, diferenciandole tanto del grupo control, como del de psicoterapia y del de dieta.

INTAKE, DIGESTIBILITY AND PERFORMANCE OF BEEF CATTLE RECEIVING DIETS CONTAINING UREA IN DIFFERENT PROPORTIONS CONSUMO E DIGESTIBILIDADE DOS NUTRIENTES E DESEMPENHO DE BOVINOS DE CORTE RECEBENDO DIETAS COM DIFERENTES NÍVEIS DE URÉIA

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Sebastião de Campos Valadares Filho

2008-10-01

Full Text Available

Intake, apparent digestibility of nutrients, daily gain, feed conversion and the carcass yield in beef cattle receiving diets containing 0; 0.5; 1.0 e 1.5% of urea in total dry matter were evaluated. Twenty four crossed steers Holstein x Zebu (HxZ, castrated, with initial mean body weight of 290 kg were distributed in a completely randomized design. Sorghum silage was used as roughage adopting relation roughage:concentrate of 70:30 in dry matter basis. In order to determine the fecal excretion, indigestible acid detergent fiber was used as a marker. Intake and digestibility of nutrients were not influenced (P>0.05 by the proportions of urea in the diets. For intake and apparent digestibility of dry matter, mean values of 8.42 kg/day or 2.33% of BW and 64.52% were registered, respectively. Mean daily gain (1.05kg, feed conversion (8.07 and carcass yield (48.72% were not influenced (P>0.05 by the proportions of urea in the diets. Levels of 1.5% of urea in dry matter of total diet can be used in the preparation of diets for finishing beef cattle (HxZ, without compromising intake and digestibility of nutrients and the animal performance as well.

Structural properties and digestion of green banana flour as a functional ingredient in pasta.

Science.gov (United States)

Zheng, Zeqi; Stanley, Roger; Gidley, Michael J; Dhital, Sushil

2016-02-01

Gluten free pasta was made from raw banana flour in combination with vegetable gums and protein for comparison to pasta similarly made from wheat flour. After cooking, it was found that the banana flour pasta was less susceptible to alpha-amylase digestion compared to conventional wheat flour pasta. Release of glucose by alpha-amylase digestion followed first order kinetics with an initial rapid rate of digestion and a subsequent second slower phase. The structure of green banana pasta starch at the inner and outer pasta surfaces was observed under confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and the viscosities of the flour mixtures were measured by a Rapid Visco Analyser (RVA). The digestibility of banana flour pasta was found to be related, not only to the properties of the starch granules, but also to the protein network of the surrounding food matrix. The effects of gums and proteins on pasta formation and digestibility are discussed in the context of its potential use as a gluten free lower glycaemic alternative to conventional wheat based pastas.

Effect of pumpkin powder incorporation on cooking and sensory parameters of pasta

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Lucia Minarovičová

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Pasta is commonly consumed and low glycaemic cereal-based food with long shelf life, which is suitable food matrix for substitution with functional ingredients. Pumpkin powder can be considered as suitable component in pasta making. The effect of addition of pumpkin powder at different levels (5, 7.5, and 10% on wheat dough rheology, cooking quality of pasta as well as on sensory properties was evaluated. Pumpkin powder included: 6.1% moisture, 8.2%, protein, 0.7% crude fat, 2.3% ash, 27.4% total dietary fiber which is included soluble (10.2% and insoluble (17.2% dietary fiber. Farinograph properties of pumpkin powder incorporated dough showed increase in water absorption and dough development time while dough stability and mixing tolerance indes were decreased. It was also observed that addition of pumpkin powder significantly altered cooking quality of pasta. Generally, pasta incorporated with pumpkin powder had shorter optimal cooking time. The shortest optimal time (5.9 min was after addition of 10% of pumpkin powder compared with control pasta (7.0 min. From the results also concluded that addition of pumpkin powder significantly increased cooking loss. The highest cooking loss (6.6% was after addition 10% pumpkin powder. Furthermore it could be stated that incorporation of pumpkin powder in pasta increased water absorption of pasta from 181.0% (control to 211.2% (10% of pumpkin powder. From sensory evaluation resulted that pumpkin powder incorporated pasta were characterized by lower colour, flavor and grain taste. On the other hand vegetable taste and granular structure of pasta increased with higher addition level of pumpkin powder. Moreover, it was concluded that pasta with addition level 10% were the most acceptable for accesors. Normal 0 21 false false false EN-GB X-NONE X-NONE Normal 0 21 false false false EN-GB X-NONE X-NONE

Características fisicoquímicas de nueve híbridos de sorgo (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench y su relación con el contenido de almidón y digestión ruminal

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Mariana Villarreal-Silva

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Nueve híbridos de sorgo (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench se analizaron para determinar la relación de suscaracterísticas físicas [materia seca (MS, peso de mil granos (PMG, tamaño de partícula (TP, densidad relativa(DR, superficie de área (SA, partículas por gramo (PPG, endospermo duro (END-DU, endospermo blando (ENDBL];y químicas [nitrógeno total (NT, fibra detergente ácido (FDA, fibra detergente neutro (FDN, contenidode almidón (ALM, almidón soluble (AlmS, almidón insoluble (AlmNS. La digestión ruminal esperada (DRUMse estimó con las fracciones de AlmS y AlmNS in vitro. El promedio de PMG, TP, DR, SA, PPG y END-DU fuede 24.61 g, 3.17 mm, 1.30 g/cm3, 17.44 cm2/g, 30.33 y 46.68 %, respectivamente El promedio (% de MS, PC,FDN, FDA, ALM, AlmS y AlmNS fue de 92.47, 8.19, 19.17 y 8.30, 69.58, 6.00 y 47.74 respectivamente. Laconcentración de taninos fue baja (0.05 entre las variables físicas o químicas con el contenido total de almidón en el grano;sin embargo las variables densidad relativa y superficie de área, permiten incrementar el poder de predicciónde la digestibilidad ruminal del almidón (DRUM,%= 74.058 - 0.108END-DU + 0.027SA – 5.887DR, R2= 0.77,P<0.05. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos, las variedades estudiadas son de dureza intermedia, libres detaninos y con un potencial de digestibilidad ruminal del almidón del 66 %.

77 FR 64313 - Certain Pasta From Turkey: Rescission of Countervailing Duty Administrative Review; 2011

Science.gov (United States)

2012-10-19

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [C-489-806] Certain Pasta From Turkey...'') is rescinding its administrative review of the countervailing duty order on certain pasta (``pasta... request an administrative review of the countervailing duty order on pasta from Turkey for the period of...

Dieta

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alfredo Darío Espinosa Brito

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Este artículo presenta la dieta adecuada que debe ingerirse según los componentes diarios de los nutrientes, tanto por las personas sanas como por aquellas que presentan alguna enfermedad dentro de las crónicas no transmisibles. Se exponen elementos para el consumo mínimo y máximo de grasas, carbohidratos y proteínas según los requerimientos energéticos de las personas. Se informa sobre el contenido de colesterol, fibras dietéticas y sal para algunos tipos de alimentos y se recomiendan dietas para reducir las principales causas de morbilidad y mortalidad por enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles.This article presents the appropriate diet for healthy people and for those suffering from some of the chronic non-communicable diseases, according to daily nutrients that should be included. Elements for the minimum and maximum consumption of fats, carbohydrates and proteins as to energy requirements of individuals are provided as well as content charts on cholesterol, dietary fiber and salt, according to different types of food. Special diets to reduce the leading causes of morbidity and mortality for chronic non-communicable diseases are recommended.

Geometric approach to nuclear pasta phases

Science.gov (United States)

Kubis, Sebastian; Wójcik, Włodzimierz

2016-12-01

By use of the variational methods and differential geometry in the framework of the liquid drop model we formulate appropriate equilibrium equations for pasta phases with imposed periodicity. The extension of the Young-Laplace equation in the case of charged fluid is obtained. The β equilibrium and virial theorem are also generalized. All equations are shown in gauge invariant form. For the first time, the pasta shape stability analysis is carried out. The proper stability condition in the form of the generalized Jacobi equation is derived. The presented formalism is tested on some particular cases.

77 FR 46386 - Certain Pasta From Turkey: Preliminary Results of Countervailing Duty Administrative Review

Science.gov (United States)

2012-08-03

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [C-489-806] Certain Pasta From Turkey...'') is conducting an administrative review of the countervailing duty order on certain pasta (``pasta... order on pasta from Turkey.\\1\\ On July 29, 2011, we received a letter from Marsan Gida Sanayi ve Ticaret...

Pasta production: complexity in defining processing conditions for reference trials and quality assessment models

Science.gov (United States)

Pasta is a simple food made from water and durum wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum) semolina. As pasta increases in popularity, studies have endeavored to analyze the attributes that contribute to high quality pasta. Despite being a simple food, the laboratory scale analysis of pasta quality is ...

Efecto de la dieta de cerdos en crecimiento sobre el valor nutritivo y la aptitud tecnológica de la carne y grasa

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Gustavo Capra

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Se sometieron cerdos con peso medio inicial de 53 kg a tres tratamientos: T1 dieta testigo conteniendo suplementos proteicos de origen vegetal y animal, T2 dieta basada exclusivamente en suplementos proteicos de origen vegetal y T3 dieta testigo restringida al 90 % de la cantidad ofrecida al T1 más libre acceso a pasturas. Se determinaron parámetros de comportamiento productivo y características de la canal en planta de faena. Se determinaron contenido de grasa intramuscular del Longissimus dorsi, perfil lipídico de la grasa subcutánea e intramuscular, contenido de hierro, zinc, magnesio, sodio y vitamina E. Se determinó también el punto de fusión de la grasa dorsal como indicador de aptitud tecnológica para la elaboración de productos fermentados. Con grasa procedente de cada tratamiento se elaboraron salames que fueron evaluados sensorialmente. En los parámetros de calidad de canal evaluados no hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas. El acceso a pasturas determinó un incremento en el contenido de ácido linolénico y una mejora de la relación n6/n3 en la grasa subcutánea. No hubo diferencias significativas en el punto de fusión de la grasa. Las muestras de salame resultaron ser distintas, con un nivel de confianza del 95 % para los atributos textura e intención de compra.

Studies on effect of additives on protein profile, microstructure and quality characteristics of pasta.

Science.gov (United States)

Purnima, C; Ramasarma, P R; Prabhasankar, P

2012-02-01

Wheat storage proteins play a vital role in pasta making quality. In the present study, SDS-PAGE, Gel filtration chromatography and Scanning electron microscopy techniques were employed to understand the changes in the wheat protein fractions and their interactions with additives namely Sodium Steroyl Lactate (SSL), Glycerol Monostearate (GMS) and Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC) during processing of pasta. SDS-PAGE studies indicated changes in High Molecular Weight Glutenin (HMW) fractions during drying stages of pasta preparation and in cooked pasta samples. In uncooked pasta, gel filtration patterns showed four peaks corresponding to different storage proteins whereas in the case of cooked pasta, these peaks were merged into three peaks. Pasta quality characteristics studies indicated that pasta with HPMC was found to have minimum percentage of cooking loss (5.6%), increased cooked weight (82 g), firmness (2.97 N) and high overall quality score (27) than GMS, SSL and control. Microstructure studies confirm the beneficial effect of HPMC. The present study indicated that HPMC is better additive for pasta manufacture followed by GMS. This could be due to interaction of HPMC with starch and protein matrix is different from that of GMS and SSL.

Combined techniques for characterising pasta structure reveals how the gluten network slows enzymic digestion rate.

Science.gov (United States)

Zou, Wei; Sissons, Mike; Gidley, Michael J; Gilbert, Robert G; Warren, Frederick J

2015-12-01

The aim of the present study is to characterise the influence of gluten structure on the kinetics of starch hydrolysis in pasta. Spaghetti and powdered pasta were prepared from three different cultivars of durum semolina, and starch was also purified from each cultivar. Digestion kinetic parameters were obtained through logarithm-of-slope analysis, allowing identification of sequential digestion steps. Purified starch and semolina were digested following a single first-order rate constant, while pasta and powdered pasta followed two sequential first-order rate constants. Rate coefficients were altered by pepsin hydrolysis. Confocal microscopy revealed that, following cooking, starch granules were completely swollen for starch, semolina and pasta powder samples. In pasta, they were completely swollen in the external regions, partially swollen in the intermediate region and almost intact in the pasta strand centre. Gluten entrapment accounts for sequential kinetic steps in starch digestion of pasta; the compact microstructure of pasta also reduces digestion rates. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Dieta de Leopardus colocolo (Carnivora: Felidae en la Reserva Nacional de Junín, Junín, Perú

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Ursula Fajardo

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Este estudio caracteriza la dieta de Leopardus colocolo en los alrededores del lago Junín, en el centro del Perú, a partir de los restos de las presas presentes en 43 heces. El origen de las heces del predador se determinó a partir del ADN mitocondrial de las células epiteliales intestinales adheridas a la superficie de las heces, utilizando como marcador la región de control. Los restos de las presas fueron identificados utilizando literatura especializada y la comparación con especímenes de colección, identificando un total of 14 ítems alimenticios pertenecientes a mamíferos de las familias Cricetidae (6, Chinchillidae (1 y Caviidae (1 y aves de las familias Anatidae (3 y Rallidae (2, y un grupo de aves no identificadas (1. Los roedores fueron el principal componente de la dieta de L. colocolo, en frecuencia y biomasa, seguido por las aves. Entre los ítems alimenticios consumidos, el roedor cricétido pequeño Calomys sp. fue el más frecuente; sin embargo, el mayor aporte de biomasa relativa fue proporcionado por el roedor mediano Cavia tschudii. La amplitud de nicho obtenida fue baja (Bsta= 0.17, indicando una dieta especializada. Nuestros resultados confirman que, como ocurre con la mayoría de felinos pequeños neotropicales, L. colocolo es un predador especializado en la captura de vertebrados, principalmente mamíferos pequeños. No se registró variación estacional en la dieta y el análisis de las clases de edad de los roedores cricétidos mostró que los adultos fueron los más consumidos. Se infiere que L. colocolo tiene un patrón de actividad diurno y nocturno.

Effect of Ingredients on the Quality of Gluten-Free Sorghum Pasta.

Science.gov (United States)

Palavecino, Pablo Martín; Bustos, Mariela Cecilia; Heinzmann Alabí, María Belén; Nicolazzi, Melani Solange; Penci, María Cecilia; Ribotta, Pablo Daniel

2017-09-01

Sorghum is an underutilized cereal in human food production, despite its flour being a potential gluten-free (GF) source in the development of several foods. Thus, the aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the effects and interactions of different ingredients on cooking quality and texture of GF pasta. Egg albumen (A), egg powder (E), xanthan gum (X), and pregelatinized corn starch (P) were used as ingredients, and Box-Behnken experimental design was applied to study the effects of these ingredients on pasta cooking behavior, color, and texture attributes. Responses were fitted to a second order polynomial equation, and multivariable optimization was performed using maximization of general desirability. Next, optimal formulations were validated, compared with two commercial gluten-free pastas by sensory evaluation, and finally, an industrial assay was carried out. Regression coefficients indicated that A and P improved cooking properties while A and E contributed the most to improving the pasta textural properties. As, X and P effects varied depending on the kind of sorghum flour used, the optimal formulations levels were different, but in both cases these models were satisfactory and capable of predicting responses. The industrial assay was carried out with white sorghum flour because it showed a higher acceptability in the sensory evaluation than brown sorghum flour pasta. This industrially made pasta resulted in slightly better cooking properties than the laboratory produced one, with the formulation adapting well to the conventional wheat pasta industrial process. Gluten-free sorghum pasta was produced, showing good cooking and textural properties and being a suitable option for gluten-sensitive individuals. © 2017 Institute of Food Technologists®.

Evaluación de indicadores productivos en conejas mestizas con una dieta basada en forraje y pienso criollo Evaluation of productive indicators in crossbred does with a diet based on forage and homemade concentrate

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O López

2011-03-01

Full Text Available Con el objetivo de evaluar el comportamiento productivo de conejas mestizas se utilizaron un total de 24 reproductoras, entre 10 y 18 meses de edad, con un peso promedio superior a los 3,0 kg durante cuatro meses. Las reproductoras consumieron una dieta constituida por: forraje de morera (Morus alba: 0,30 kg; caña (Saccharum officinarum molida: 0,25 kg, glycine (Neonotonia wightii: 0,40 kg y pienso criollo: 0,06 kg. Las crías se pesaron al nacimiento, a los 20 y a los 45 días de edad. En las reproductoras se controló las crías nacidas vivas y destetadas por parto. Se obtuvo como promedio 6,4 gazapos vivos por parto con 0,054 kg de PV al nacimiento y se destetaron 5,4 crías a los 45 días de edad con un peso de 0,694 kg. Además, se encontró un 84,4% de supervivencia durante la etapa de lactación. La ganancia media diaria durante la lactancia fue de 0,014 kg/animal/día. Los resultados evidenciaron que con la dieta propuesta se obtuvieron indicadores productivos alentadores en reproductoras mestizas.With the objective of evaluating the productive performance of crossbred does, a total of 24 animals were used, between 10 and 18 months old, with average weight higher than 3,0 kg, during four months. The does ate a diet constituted by mulberry (Morus alba forage: 0,30 kg; ground sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum: 0,25 kg; glycine (Neonotonia wightii: 0,40 kg and homemade concentrate: 0,06 kg. The young rabbits were weighed at birth, 20 and 45 days after birth. In the does the offspring born alive and weaned per parturition, were controlled. As average, 6,4 live rabbits were obtained per parturition, with 0,054 kg LW at birth and 5,4 rabbits were weaned being 45 days old and weighing 0,694 kg. In addition, 84,4% survival was found during the lactation stage. The mean daily gain during lactation was 0,014 kg/animal/day. The results proved that with the proposed diet encouraging productive indicators were obtained in crossbred does.

Effect of Pleurotus eryngii Mushroom β-Glucan on Quality Characteristics of Common Wheat Pasta.

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, SunHee; Lee, Jo-Won; Heo, Yena; Moon, BoKyung

2016-04-01

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of β-glucan-rich fractions (BGRFs) from Pleurotus eryngii mushroom powder on the quality, textural properties, and sensory evaluation of common wheat pasta. Pasta was prepared from semolina flour and common wheat flour by replacing common wheat flour at 2%, 4%, and 6% with BGRFs. Semolina flour showed significantly higher viscosities than common wheat flour samples. However, all viscosities, except the breakdown viscosity, were reduced with increasing percentages of BGRFs. Replacement of the common wheat flour with BGRFs resulted in a reddish brown colored pasta with a lower L* value and a higher a* value. The common wheat pastas containing up to 4% BGRFs were not significantly different from semolina pasta with regard to cooking loss. Addition of up to 2% BGRFs had no significant impact on swelling index and water absorption. The addition of BGRFs in common wheat flour had a positive effect on the quality of common wheat pasta and resulted in hardness values similar to those of semolina pasta. In a sensory evaluation, cooked pasta with 2% BGRFs had the highest overall acceptability score. In summary, the results showed that common wheat flour containing 4% BGRFs could be used to produce pasta with an improved quality and texture properties similar to semolina pasta. © 2016 Institute of Food Technologists®

Distribution of PASTA domains in penicillin-binding proteins and serine/threonine kinases of Actinobacteria.

Science.gov (United States)

Ogawara, Hiroshi

2016-09-01

PASTA domains (penicillin-binding protein and serine/threonine kinase-associated domains) have been identified in penicillin-binding proteins and serine/threonine kinases of Gram-positive Firmicutes and Actinobacteria. They are believed to bind β-lactam antibiotics, and be involved in peptidoglycan metabolism, although their biological function is not definitively clarified. Actinobacteria, especially Streptomyces species, are distinct in that they undergo complex cellular differentiation and produce various antibiotics including β-lactams. This review focuses on the distribution of PASTA domains in penicillin-binding proteins and serine/threonine kinases in Actinobacteria. In Actinobacteria, PASTA domains are detectable exclusively in class A but not in class B penicillin-binding proteins, in sharp contrast to the cases in other bacteria. In penicillin-binding proteins, PASTA domains distribute independently from taxonomy with some distribution bias. Particularly interesting thing is that no Streptomyces species have penicillin-binding protein with PASTA domains. Protein kinases in Actinobacteria possess 0 to 5 PASTA domains in their molecules. Protein kinases in Streptomyces can be classified into three groups: no PASTA domain, 1 PASTA domain and 4 PASTA domain-containing groups. The 4 PASTA domain-containing groups can be further divided into two subgroups. The serine/threonine kinases in different groups may perform different functions. The pocket region in one of these subgroup is more dense and extended, thus it may be involved in binding of ligands like β-lactams more efficiently.

A systematic review on the relations between pasta consumption and cardio-metabolic risk factors.

Science.gov (United States)

Huang, M; Li, J; Ha, M-A; Riccardi, G; Liu, S

2017-11-01

The traditional Italian dish pasta is a major food source of starch with low glycemic index (GI) and an important low-GI component of the Mediterranean diet. This systematic review aimed at assessing comprehensively and in-depth the potential benefit of pasta on cardio-metabolic disease risk factors. Following a standard protocol, we conducted a systematic literature search of PubMed, CINAHL, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled dietary intervention trials that examined pasta and pasta-related fiber and grain intake in relation to cardio-metabolic risk factors of interest. Studies comparing postprandial glucose response to pasta with that to bread or potato were quantitatively summarized using meta-analysis of standardized mean difference. Evidence from studies with pasta as part of low-GI dietary intervention and studies investigating different types of pasta were qualitatively summarized. Pasta meals have significantly lower postprandial glucose response than bread or potato meals, but evidence was lacking in terms of how the intake of pasta can influence cardio-metabolic disease risk. More long-term randomized controlled trials are needed where investigators directly contrast the cardio-metabolic effects of pasta and bread or potato. Long-term prospective cohort studies with required data available should also be analyzed regarding the effect of pasta intake on disease endpoints. Copyright © 2017 The Italian Society of Diabetology, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition, and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Whole-grain pasta reduces appetite and meal-induced thermogenesis acutely: a pilot study.

Science.gov (United States)

Cioffi, Iolanda; Santarpia, Lidia; Vaccaro, Andrea; Iacone, Roberto; Labruna, Giuseppe; Marra, Maurizio; Contaldo, Franco; Kristensen, Mette; Pasanisi, Fabrizio

2016-03-01

In epidemiological studies, the intake of foods rich in dietary fiber is associated with a reduced risk of developing overweight and type 2 diabetes. This work aims to identify acute strategies to regulate appetite and improve glucose control by using different pasta meals. Hence, 4 different isocaloric lunch meals, consisting of (i) refined-grain pasta (RG+T), (ii) whole-grain pasta (WG+T), (iii) lemon juice-supplemented refined-grain pasta (LRG+T), and (iv) refined-grain pasta with legumes (RG+L), were administered to 8 healthy participants in a crossover design. On the test days, participants underwent baseline measurements, including appetite sensation, blood sample, and resting energy expenditure (EE), after which the test lunch was served. Subjective appetite was assessed and a blood sample was taken each hour for 240 min, and postprandial EE was measured for 3 h. In repeated-measures analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), postprandial fullness (p = 0.001) increased and hunger (p = 0.038) decreased. WG+T had a lower EE than did both LGR+T (p = 0.02) and RG+L (p pasta may promote fullness and reduce hunger, lowering postprandial thermogenesis, and adding lemon juice to the pasta or legumes does not appear to affect appetite. However, none of pasta meal alterations improved the postprandial metabolic profile.

Nutritional Profile and Chemical Stability of Pasta Fortified with Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Flour.

Science.gov (United States)

Monteiro, Maria Lúcia G; Mársico, Eliane T; Soares, Manoel S; Magalhães, Amanda O; Canto, Anna Carolina V C S; Costa-Lima, Bruno R C; Alvares, Thiago S; Conte, Carlos A

2016-01-01

Physicochemical parameters of pasta enriched with tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) flour were investigated. Five formulations were prepared with different concentrations of tilapia flour as partial substitute of wheat flour: pasta without tilapia flour (PTF0%), pasta with 6% (PTF6%), 12% (PTF12%), 17% (PTF17%), and 23% (PTF23%) of tilapia flour. The formulations were assessed for proximate composition, fatty acid and amino acid profile on day 1 whereas, instrumental color parameters (L*, a* and b* values), pH, water activity (aw), and lipid and protein oxidation were evaluated on days 1, 7, 14, and 21 of storage at 25°C. Fortification with tilapia flour increased (p pasta with tilapia flour decreased (p pasta containing 12%, 17%, and 23% of tilapia flour than their counterparts, and the storage promoted an increase (p pasta with 6% of tilapia flour has the potential to be a technological alternative to food industry for the nutritional enrichment of traditional pasta with negligible negative effects on the chemical stability of the final product during 21 days at 25°C.

Eficacia de la metformina en pacientes con obesidad exógena

OpenAIRE

Pereira Despaigne, Olga Lidia; Palay Despaigne, Maricela Silvia

2015-01-01

Se realizó una intervención terapéutica en 12 pacientes con obesidad exógena, atendidos en la consulta de Endocrinología del Hospital Provincial Docente Clinicoquirúrgico "Saturnino Lora Torres" de Santiago de Cuba, desde julio de 2013 hasta igual mes de 2014, quienes fueron seleccionados aleatoriamente y luego asignados a 2 grupos de idéntica cantidad de integrantes: el de control, que realizó dieta como única terapéutica, y el de estudio, que recibió dieta y metformina como tratamiento; a f...

Effect of pregelatination on rheology, cooking and antioxidant activity of pasta.

Science.gov (United States)

Rafiq, Aasima; Sharma, Savita; Singh, Baljit

2018-05-01

The present study explores the possibility of using twin screw extruder for preparation of pregelatinized pasta. The effects of extrusion parameters feed moisture (28 and 32%), barrel temperature (60-105 °C) and screw speed (100-200 rpm) on pregelatinized pasta were investigated. Prepared pasta was analysed for quality characteristics in terms of cooking quality, degree of gelatinization, color, texture, pasting properties, bioactive composition. Results indicated that higher screw speed improved the cooking quality of pasta and decreased gruel solid loss. Degree of gelatinization revealed positive relation with temperature and feed moisture. Extrusion conditions, altered the color of pasta, a decrease in L*, increase in a* and b* values was observed. Higher peak viscosity was observed at lower barrel temperature and feed moisture. A significant retention in total phenolic content and flavonoid content was observed with higher feed moisture. Extrusion leads to increase in antioxidant activity and firmness upon increasing screw speed and feed moisture.

Efectos del consumo de panes integrales elaborados con harina de Amaranthus dubius Mart. ex Thell. y harina de trigo en ratas con sídrome metabólico

OpenAIRE

Montero Quiroga, Keyla Carolina

2014-01-01

El género Amaranthus se caracteriza por su alto contenido de nutrientes comparables a los alimentos de origen animal. Sin embargo, la especie Amaranthus dubius, la cual está diseminada en Venezuela, se considera un arvense de cultivos de subsistencia, como el maíz, sorgo y leguminosas; esto impulso la investigación sobre la posible aplicación del amaranto venezolano para la alimentación humana. El estudio se inició con la evaluación de la composición proximal, el contenid...

Efectos de la suplementación con bloques multinutricionales a base de nopal fermentado sobre la ganancia de peso de ovinos en crecimiento Efectos de la suplementación con bloques multinutricionales a base de nopal fermentado sobre la ganancia de peso de ovinos en crecimiento

OpenAIRE

Isidro Guajardo Hernández; Ignacio Mejía Haro; José Luis Delgado Hernández; Mauricio Valencia Posadas; José Mejía Haro

2012-01-01

Este trabajo presenta una alternativa práctica del aprovechamiento del nopal mediante la elaboración de Bloques Multinutricionales (BM) y su utilización en la alimentación de corderos en crecimiento. Al nopal fresco picado se le adicionó sorgo, soya, urea, minerales y yogurt natural, se dejó fermentar por dos semanas a temperatura ambiente y se elaboraron los BM con un 25 % de nopal fermentado. Se utilizaron 20 corderos destetados con un peso vivo promedio de 17 Kg distribuidos en dos grupos ...

PENGARUH KONSENTRASI GLISERIN TERHADAP VISKOSITAS DARI PEMBUATAN PASTA GIGI CANGKANG KERANG DARAH

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Heriawan Budiarto

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Telah dilakukan penelitian "Pengaruh Konsentrasi Gliserin Terhadap Viskositas Dari Pembuatan Pasta Gigi Cangkang Kerang Darah" yang dilakukan di PT Biotek Indonesia. Pasta gigi tersebut dibuat dari tepung cangkang kerang darah berukuran 800 mesh dengan campuran gliserin, MgC03, minyak peppermint, ekstrak daun sirih, dan pewarna appel green. Alasan penggunaan cangkang kerang darah adalah untuk memanfaatkan limbah cangkang kerang darah dan kandungan kalsium pada cangkang kerang darah itu tinggi.   Prosedur penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara pembersihan dan pengeringan cangkang kerang darah, grinding dan screening, penambahan bahan-bahan sampai terbentuk gel pasta gigi berwarna hijau seulas, kemudian dilakukan pengukuran viskositas dari masing- masing konsentrasi gliserin dengan menggunakan viskometer Brookfield model LVDVI+, dengan spindle 4, kecepatan 0,3 rpm. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan konsentrasi gliserin ideal pembuatan pasta gigi tersebut adalah sebesar 50%. Pasta gigi ini memenuhi standar SNI 12-3524-1994 dengan viskositas 120.000 cP. Peningkatan kadar gliserin (x terbukti menurunkan viskositas pasta gigi (y menurut persamaan linier : y = -25.900x + 14.200.   Kata kunci : gliserin, viskositas, cangkang, kerang darah, limbah

Obtaining a Functional Product Through the Exploitation of Mushroom Flour in Pasta

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Crina Carmen MURESAN

2017-05-01

Full Text Available The present study focuses on the influence of adding mushroom powder on a certain assortment of pasta. The research comprises two major directions: the study of the raw materials used to produce pasta from a compositional point of view and the quantification of some biologically active compounds of interest; emphasizing the potential of using Boletus edulis mushroom powder in the composition of pasta and evaluating the quality of the product from a nutritional and sensorial point of view. For this purpose, two types of pasta have been created, with different percentages of mushroom, 10% and 20%, but also a blank sample obtained in the same conditions, but without mushroom powder. To achieve the goal the following analyzes were conducted: proteins, total polyphenols, antioxidant activity, fat, humidity, ashes, acidity, increase in volume of the boiled pasta and customers’ preferences. By using sensory analysis has been established that the consumers preferred pasta enriched with 10% mushroom powder. In conclusion, the addition of mushrooms flour assures an enhancement of the nutritional value, as well as of the organoleptic characteristics of the final product.

The effect of quantity of added eggs on whole meal pasta quality

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Filipović Jelena S.

2014-01-01

Full Text Available This paper investigates the convenience of different chemical and rheological methods for determining the quality of two spelt cultivars for pasta making and the influence of egg quantity on whole meal pasta quality. Post-hoc Tukey’s HSD test at 95% confidence limit has been calculated to show significant differences between different samples. Score analysis is being useful tool for accessing the effect of eggs to spelt pasta quality, and this analysis proved that though lower scores (0.270 for rheological characteristics experienced with cultivar Eco, the addition of eggs is positively contributing to the spelt pasta quality yielding the best score for pasta (0.75, contrary to the cultivar Austria attributed with superior rheology scores. Whole meal spelt is characterised by lower Ca, but higher Fe and Mn content in comparison to bread wheat. In comparison with common pasta, spelt is a suitable raw material for a new product with improved functional properties at the market.[Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TRI 46005 i br. TR 31055

Evaluación de la inclusión de harina de hojas de Macrolobium bicuspidum como diluyente en dos dietas para pollos de engorde

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Beatriz Elena Soledad Rodríguez

2016-10-01

Full Text Available En la alimentación de pollos de engorde, los elevados costos de producción han llevado a la búsqueda de fuentes alternas de proteínas que permitan rendir el alimento comercial con follajes locales. Macrolobium bicuspidum es una leguminosa cuyas hojas son apetecidas por los pollos de los campesinos de las zonas costeras en Venezuela y al desmontar los terrenos se recoge una gran cantidad de follaje. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la inclusión de la harina de hojas de M. bicuspidum (HHMb como diluyente del alimento comercial para pollos de engorde, por lo que se realizó un ensayo biológico utilizando pollos que consumieron un alimento comercial y dos dietas diluyendo este alimento con 2 % y 4 % de HHMb. Se evaluó: aumento de peso, alimento consumido, tasa de mortalidad, relación de eficiencia de la proteína, eficiencia alimentaria y conversión alimentaria. No se encontraron diferencias significativas (p > 0,05 al comparar los valores del aumento de peso del grupo de pollos alimentados con el alimento comercial con los alimentados con las dietas en las cuales se sustituyó el alimento con 2 % y 4 % de HHMb, por lo que se concluye que HHMb puede incorporarse en pequeñas cantidades, rindiendo al alimento comercial para aves.

Understanding nuclear 'pasta': current status and future prospects

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Watanabe, Gentaro

2007-01-01

In cores of supernovae and crusts of neutron stars, nuclei can adopt interesting shapes, such as rods or slabs, etc., which are referred to as nuclear 'pasta'. In recent years, we have studied the pasta phases focusing on their dynamical aspects with a quantum molecular dynamic (QMD) approach. In this article, we review these works. We also focus on the treatment of the Coulomb interaction

Dynamical response of the nuclear 'pasta' in neutron star crusts

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Horowitz, C.J.; Perez-Garcia, M.A.; Berry, D.K.; Piekarewicz, J.

2005-01-01

The nuclear pasta - a novel state of matter having nucleons arranged in a variety of complex shapes - is expected to be found in the crust of neutron stars and in core-collapse supernovae at subnuclear densities of about 10 14 g/cm 3 . Owing to frustration, a phenomenon that emerges from the competition between short-range nuclear attraction and long-range Coulomb repulsion, the nuclear pasta displays a preponderance of unique low-energy excitations. These excitations could have a strong impact on many transport properties, such as neutrino propagation through stellar environments. The excitation spectrum of the nuclear pasta is computed via a molecular-dynamics simulation involving up to 100,000 nucleons. The dynamic response of the pasta displays a classical plasma oscillation in the 1- to 2-MeV region. In addition, substantial strength is found at low energies. Yet this low-energy strength is missing from a simple ion model containing a single-representative heavy nucleus. The low-energy strength observed in the dynamic response of the pasta is likely to be a density wave involving the internal degrees of freedom of the clusters

Warm and cold pasta phase in relativistic mean field theory

Science.gov (United States)

Avancini, S. S.; Menezes, D. P.; Alloy, M. D.; Marinelli, J. R.; Moraes, M. M. W.; Providência, C.

2008-07-01

In the present article we investigate the onset of the pasta phase with different parametrizations of the nonlinear Walecka model. At zero temperature two different methods are used, one based on coexistent phases and the other on the Thomas-Fermi approximation. At finite temperature only the coexistence phases method is used. npe matter with fixed proton fractions and in β equilibrium is studied. The pasta phase decreases with the increase of temperature. The internal pasta structure and the beginning of the homogeneous phase vary depending on the proton fraction (or the imposition of β equilibrium), on the method used, and on the chosen parametrization. It is shown that a good parametrization of the surface tension with dependence on the temperature, proton fraction, and geometry is essential to describe correctly large isospin asymmetries and the transition from pasta to homogeneous matter.

Neutrino-'pasta' scattering: The opacity of nonuniform neutron-rich matter

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Horowitz, C.J.; Perez-Garcia, M.A.; Piekarewicz, J.

2004-01-01

Neutron-rich matter at subnuclear densities may involve complex structures displaying a variety of shapes, such as spherical, slablike, and/or rodlike shapes. These phases of the nuclear pasta are expected to exist in the crust of neutron stars and in core-collapse supernovae. The dynamics of core-collapse supernovae is very sensitive to the interactions between neutrinos and nucleons/nuclei. Indeed, neutrino excitation of the low-energy modes of the pasta may allow for a significant energy transfer to the nuclear medium, thereby reviving the stalled supernovae shock. The linear response of the nuclear pasta to neutrinos is modeled via a simple semiclassical simulation. The transport mean free path for μ and τ neutrinos (and antineutrinos) is expressed in terms of the static structure factor of the pasta, which is evaluated using Metropolis Monte Carlo simulations

Warm and cold pasta phase in relativistic mean field theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Avancini, S. S.; Menezes, D. P.; Alloy, M. D.; Marinelli, J. R.; Moraes, M. M. W.; Providencia, C.

2008-01-01

In the present article we investigate the onset of the pasta phase with different parametrizations of the nonlinear Walecka model. At zero temperature two different methods are used, one based on coexistent phases and the other on the Thomas-Fermi approximation. At finite temperature only the coexistence phases method is used. matter with fixed proton fractions and in β equilibrium is studied. The pasta phase decreases with the increase of temperature. The internal pasta structure and the beginning of the homogeneous phase vary depending on the proton fraction (or the imposition of β equilibrium), on the method used, and on the chosen parametrization. It is shown that a good parametrization of the surface tension with dependence on the temperature, proton fraction, and geometry is essential to describe correctly large isospin asymmetries and the transition from pasta to homogeneous matter

Efeitos da temperatura de armazenamento de grãos de arroz integral de pericarpo pardo, preto e vermelho sobre as propriedades físico-químicas e de pasta

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Valmor Ziegler

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Resumo O arroz (integral com pericarpo pardo, preto e vermelho, polido, parboilizado integral e parboilizado polido é base da dieta alimentar nos países em desenvolvimento e serve como veículo para vitaminas e minerais. O armazenamento é uma etapa imprescindível, na qual se busca a manutenção da qualidade dos grãos até serem industrializados e consumidos, sendo a temperatura de armazenamento um dos principais fatores que causam alterações durante esse período. Com isso, o objetivo do estudo foi avaliar os efeitos do tempo (seis meses e da temperatura (16, 24, 32 e 40 °C de armazenamento de grãos de arroz integral de pericarpo pardo, preto e vermelho sobre a composição proximal, as propriedades de pasta, as proteínas solúveis, o pH dos grãos e a condutividade elétrica. Após seis meses de armazenamento, houve aumento da temperatura de pasta e da condutividade elétrica, com redução do pH e da solubilidade proteica, principalmente no armazenamento a 40 °C. O armazenamento de grãos de arroz com pericarpo pardo, preto e vermelho, na temperatura de 16 °C, é o mais indicado para a redução da atividade metabólica e enzimática, proporcionando as mínimas alterações nas propriedades físico-químicas e de pasta.

Efecto de los aceites y semillas en dietas para rumiantes sobre el perfil de ácidos grasos de la leche. Revisión

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Andrés L. Martínez Marín; Manuel Pérez Hernández; Luis M. Pérez Alba; Domingo Carrión Pardo; Gustavo Gómez Castro; Ana I. Garzón Sígler

2013-01-01

Este trabajo presenta una revisión del efecto de la adición de aceites y semillas ricos en ácidos grasos insaturados, a la dieta de las hembras rumiantes, sobre el contenido de ácidos grasos de la grasa láctea. Cuando se incluyen aceites y semillas en la dieta, los cambios del perfil de ácidos grasos de la leche ocurren en el mismo sentido en vacas, ovejas y cabras. Algunos de los efectos observados son comunes a todos los aceites y semillas con independencia del ácido graso mayoritario que a...

Fresh pasta production enriched with Spirulina platensis biomass

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Ailton Cesar Lemes

2012-10-01

Full Text Available The aim of this work was to study the enrichment of Spirulina platensis in wheat flour to prepare fresh pasta to evaluate the green color and nutritional enrichment in addition to functional properties due to the presence of the bioactive compounds in the cyanobacterium. The pastas were evaluated for the centesimal composition, microbiological contamination, sensorial acceptance and technological characteristics such as cooking time, water absorption, volume displacement and loss of solids. The superior protein contents and the satisfactory technological and sensorial attributes compared with the control with no cyanobacterium showed the usefulness of incorporating S. platensis biomass in the fresh pastas. The microbiological quality was in compliance with the legislation in force. The sensorial quality was considered satisfactory (“liked very much” and purchase intention high (“probably would buy”.

Las dietas cetogénicas: potenciales efectos saludables de la Dieta Cetogénica Mediterránea Española

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Pérez-Guisado, Joaquín

2014-01-01

Las dietas cetogénicas han demostrado ser una manera sana y efectiva de perder peso ya que promueven un perfil lipídico no aterogénico, disminuyen la presión arterial y la resistencia a la insulina y además son capaces de mejorar los niveles sanguíneos de glucosa e insulina. Por otro lado, la dieta mediterránea es bien conocida por sus saludables propiedades, siendo ingredientes fundamentales de esta dieta el aceite de oliva, el vino tinto y los vegetales. En España, el pescado...

DESEMPEÑO PRODUCTIVO, COMPOSICIÓN Y BIODISPONIBILIDAD RELATIVA DE SELENIO EN TILAPIA NILÓTICA -Oreochromis niloticus- SUPLEMENTADA CON SELENIO ORGÁNICO E INORGÁNICO

OpenAIRE

J. E. Vinchira; G. A. Wills; A. P. Muñoz

2014-01-01

Se evaluó el desempeño productivo, la composición corporal y la biodisponibilidad relativa de selenio en tilapia nilótica ( Oreochromis niloticus ) suplementada con selenio dietario. Una dieta basal fue suplementada con selenio en forma de selenito de sodio o seleno-levadura en niveles crecientes de suplementación (0.00, 0.10, 0.20, 0.40, 0.80 y 1.60 mg/kg de dieta). Un total de 336 individuos de tilapia nilótica, con un peso inicial de 13.41±0.12 g, fueron distribuidos de forma aleatori...

Novel Soy Germ Pasta Enriched in Isoflavones Ameliorates Gastroparesis in Type 2 Diabetes

Science.gov (United States)

Setchell, Kenneth D.R.; Nardi, Elisabetta; Battezzati, Pier-Maria; Asciutti, Stefania; Castellani, Danilo; Perriello, Gabriele; Clerici, Carlo

2013-01-01

OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of soy germ pasta enriched in biologically active isoflavone aglycons on gastric emptying in type 2 diabetic patients with gastroparesis. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study compared soy germ pasta with conventional pasta for effects on gastric emptying. Patients (n = 10) with delayed gastric emptying consumed one serving per day of each pasta for 8 weeks, with a 4-week washout. Gastric emptying time (t1/2) was measured using the [13C]octanoic acid breath test at baseline and after each period, and blood glucose and insulin concentrations were determined after oral glucose load. RESULTS Soy germ pasta significantly accelerated the t1/2 in these patients (161.2 ± 17.5 min at baseline vs. 112.6 ± 11.2 min after treatment, P = 0.009). Such change differed significantly (P = 0.009) from that for conventional pasta (153.6 ± 24.2 vs. 156.2 ± 27.4 min), without affecting glucose or insulin concentrations. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that soy germ pasta may offer a simple dietary approach to managing diabetic gastropathy. PMID:23835688

Evaluation of replacing wheat flour with chia flour (Salvia hispanica L. in pasta

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Matheus Rodrigues Oliveira

2015-08-01

Full Text Available In recent years, chia (Salvia hispanica L. has become increasingly more prevalent in the Brazilian diet and has triggered the interests of many researchers due to its functional properties and associated health benefits. The objective of this study was to develop pasta with different percentages of chia flour in lieu of wheat flour, and to evaluate the impact of chia on the nutritional, technological, and sensory properties of pasta. Pastas were prepared by replacing 7.5% (T1, 15% (T2, and 30% (T3 of wheat flour with chia flour relative to the control formulation (C. The quality of the pastas were evaluated through cooking tests (increase in weight and volume, cooking time, and loss of solids in the cooking water, chemical composition (moisture, fat, fiber, protein, ash, and carbohydrates, and color, using a Minolta colorimeter and sensory analysis by means of acceptance testing. Pasta made with chia flour had higher nutritional value and superior technological characteristics than did the control. Sensory analysis results showed that pasta with 7.5% chia flour had higher rates of acceptability in terms of the flavor, while the control pasta prevailed in terms of color and texture.

USO DEL BAGAZO ENRIQUECIDO CON EL HONGO Pleurotus ostreatus, EN DIETAS PARA BOVINOS ESTABULADOS EN CEBA UTILIZAÇÃO DO BAGAÇO ENRIQUECIDO COMO FUNGO Pleurotus ostreatus, EM DIETAS PARA BOVINOS ESTABULADOS EM ENGORDA Pleurotus ostreatus ENRICHED SUGAR CANEHUSKS UTILIZATION ON INDOOR CATTLEFATTENING DIETS

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NATALIA LIZETTE CASTAÑO

2012-12-01

Full Text Available En la elaboración de la panela, entre el 40 y 54% es bagazo, el cual se caracteriza portener baja proteína y energía, altos compuestos lignocelulósicos, acompañado de una baja digestibilidad, por ello, tradicionalmente ha sido utilizado como combustiblepara las hornillas. El presente trabajo, evaluó el uso del bagazo enriquecido con el hongo Pleurotus ostreatus, como suplemento en dietas para bovinos, frente a otros tratamientos con y sin suplementación comercial. A todos los animales se les suministró una dieta balanceada que consistía en 18 Kg de pasto king grass (Saccharum sinense, 6 Kg de caña (Saccharum officinarum, 3 Kg de cogollo de caña (Saccharum officinarum, 3 Kg de gallinaza y 0,6 Kg de miel de panela, y suplemento ofrecido ad libitum a los tratamientos que lo requerían. Se analizaron las variables ganancia diaria de peso, conversión alimenticia, consumo de materiaseca y el efecto costo beneficio de la suplementación. No se presentaron diferencias significativas (PNa elaboração da rapadura, entre o 40% e 54% é bagaço, o qual se caracteriza por ter baixa proteína e energia, alto composto lignocelulósicos, acompanhado por uma baixa digestibilidade, portanto, tradicionalmente tem sido usado como combustível para os queimadores. Este trabalho avaliou o uso do bagaço enriquecido com o fungo Pleurotus ostreatus como suplemento em dietas para bovinos, comparado com outros tratamentos com e sem suplementação comercial. Aos animais todos foi subministrado uma dieta equilibrada que consistia de 18 Kg de grama king grass (Saccharum sinense, 6 Kg de cana (Saccharum officinarum, 3 Kg de broto de cana (Saccharum officinarum, 3 Kg de estrume e 0,6 Kg de mel de rapadura e suplemento oferecido ad libitum aos tratamentos que o requeiram. Analisaram-se as variáveis: ganho diário de peso, conversão alimentar e consumo de matéria seca e o efeito de custo benefício da suplementação. Não apresentaram diferen

76 FR 10879 - Certain Pasta From Italy: Extension of Time Limits for the Preliminary Results of Fourteenth...

Science.gov (United States)

2011-02-28

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [A-475-818] Certain Pasta From Italy... administrative review of the antidumping duty order on certain pasta from Italy, covering the period July 1, 2009... consist of New World Pasta Company, Dakota Growers Pasta Company, and American Italian Pasta Company. This...

Caracterização fisiológica de sorgo sacarino em diferentes intensidades de irrigação

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Luciano Rezende Moreira

2013-10-01

Full Text Available O sorgo [Sorghum bicolor (L. Moench] é uma planta de origem africana, da mesma família do milho. O sorgo tipo sacarino é utilizado como matéria prima para bionergia (etanol e apresenta elevada eficiência no uso da água. Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar cultivares de sorgo sacarino quanto às características fisiológicas em diferentes intensidades de irrigação, analisar trocas gasosas e fluorescência de clorofila a fim de subsidiar programas de melhoramento genético direcionados à obtenção de genótipos produtivos de sorgo em situações de déficit hídrico. Foram avaliados quatro cultivares, tolerantes à seca: Rio, Ramada, BRS 501, BRS 506. O tratamento consistiu de três disponibilidades de água no solo: 80%, 60% e 40% da capacidade de campo (c.c.. Foram avaliadas a condutância estomática (gs, a taxa de fotossíntese líquida (A, a transpiração foliar (E e a eficiência intrínseca do uso da água (EIUA, A/gs. Também foi determinada a eficiência quântica ideal (Fv/Fm do fotossistema II (FSII, o rendimento quântico basal dos processos fotoquímicos no FSII (Fo/Fm e a eficiência fotoquímica no FSII (Fv/Fo. A disponibilidade hídrica não causou alteração (P > 0,05 na transpiração dos cultivares Ramada e BRS 501, mas afetou (P < 0,05 os cultivares Rio e BRS 506 que responderam positivamente ao aumento da irrigação. Resultado semelhante ocorreu com a fotossíntese, já que as diferentes disponibilidades hídricas influenciaram positivamente apenas os cultivares Rio e BRS 506. Com o incremento da irrigação houve um acréscimo (P < 0,05 na condutância estomática dos cultivares avaliados. Os resultados referentes à fluorescência da clorofila mostraram superioridade dos cultivares BRS 506, Rio e Ramada com valores maiores (P < 0,05 de Fv/Fm e Fv/Fo. Os distintos níveis de disponibilidade hídrica e os diferentes cultivares não promoveram (P > 0,05 alteração na EIUA. Esta metodologia, comum �

Diferentes niveles de energía metabolizable y aminoácidos azufrados en dietas para gallinas Bovans blancas

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María de los Ángeles Tepox Pérez

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Con el objeto de evaluar el comportamiento productivo de la gallina Bovans blanca de primer ciclo alimentadas con dietas con niveles diferentes de energía metabolizable (EM y de metionina+cistina digestible (AAD, para lograr disminuir el porcentaje de huevo pequeño (<42 g, al inicio de la producción se utilizaron 384 gallinas de 19 semanas de edad. Se usó un diseño completamente al azar, en un arreglo factorial de 4 X 2, donde el primer factor fueron los niveles de EM (2700, 2800, 2900, 3000 Kcal/kg y el segundo factor fue la inclusión de diferentes porcentajes de AAD (0.45, 0.61. Cada tratamiento, contó con cuatro repeticiones de 12 gallinas cada uno. Durante ocho semanas se llevaron registros semanales, del porcentaje de postura, peso promedio del huevo, consumo de alimento; masa de huevo/ave/día y conversión alimenticia; además, se clasificó el huevo de acuerdo al peso. Los resultados obtenidos, no mostraron respuesta a los factores de estudio ni a la interacción entre nivel de EM y AAD, para ninguna de las variables productivas. Se encontró un efecto sobre el consumo de alimento del nivel de energía y aminoácidos azufrados (P<0.05. Se disminuyó el porcentaje de huevo pequeño en los niveles más altos de EM de 2900 y 3000 Kcal/Kg (29.6 y 30.4 % respectivamente. Se incrementó (P<0.05 el porcentaje de huevo grande en 3 % al usar dietas con el nivel de AAD de 0.61 %.

Effect of Fortification with Fish (Pseudophycis bachus) Powder on Nutritional Quality of Durum Wheat Pasta.

Science.gov (United States)

Desai, Ajay S; Brennan, Margaret A; Brennan, Charles S

2018-04-17

This paper investigates the nutraceutical (phenolic content and antioxidant activity) and nutritional potential (protein and starch digestibility) of supplementation of durum wheat semolina with 5–20% fish powder ( Pseudophycis bachus ). In general, all enriched pasta with fish powder showed a significant decrease ( p pasta. The potentially bioaccessible fraction of pasta enriched with 20% fish powder (FP) was characterized as having a 177–191% increase in phenolic content and a 145–556% higher antiradical activity. Elevation of these parameters in fortified pasta was accompanied by interaction of wheat starch, protein, and fish powder protein. Supplementation of fish powder also influenced protein digestibility (a reduction from 84.60% for control pasta to 80.80% for pasta with 20% fish powder). Fortification improved the nutraceutical and nutritional potential of the studied pasta with the effects depending on factors including protein-starch-phenolic interactions.

Characterization of Whole Grain Pasta: Integrating Physical, Chemical, Molecular, and Instrumental Sensory Approaches.

Science.gov (United States)

Marti, Alessandra; Cattaneo, Stefano; Benedetti, Simona; Buratti, Susanna; Abbasi Parizad, Parisa; Masotti, Fabio; Iametti, Stefania; Pagani, Maria Ambrogina

2017-11-01

The consumption of whole-grain food-including pasta-has been increasing steadily. In the case of whole-grain pasta, given the many different producers, it seems important to have some objective parameters to define its overall quality. In this study, commercial whole-grain pasta samples representative of the Italian market have been characterized from both molecular and electronic-senses (electronic nose and electronic tongue) standpoint in order to provide a survey of the properties of different commercial samples. Only 1 pasta product showed very low levels of heat damage markers (furosine and pyrraline), suggesting that this sample underwent to low temperature dry treatment. In all samples, the furosine content was directly correlated to protein structural indices, since protein structure compactness increased with increasing levels of heat damage markers. Electronic senses were able to discriminate among pasta samples according to the intensity of heat treatment during the drying step. Pasta sample with low furosine content was discriminated by umami taste and by sensors responding to aliphatic and inorganic compounds. Data obtained with this multidisciplinary approach are meant to provide hints for identifying useful indices for pasta quality. As observed for semolina pasta, objective parameters based on heat-damage were best suited to define the overall quality of wholegrain pasta, almost independently of compositional differences among commercial samples. Drying treatments of different intensity also had an impact on instrumental sensory traits that may provide a reliable alternative to analytical determination of chemical markers of heat damage in all cases where there is a need for avoiding time-consuming procedures. © 2017 Institute of Food Technologists®.

Health based pasta: redefining the concept of the next generation convenience food.

Science.gov (United States)

Krishnan, Murali; Prabhasankar, P

2012-01-01

Pasta, a delicious meal favorite and the signature dish of many of the world's most famous chefs and a bonding comfort meal for millions all over the world, it has been recognized as an identifying ingredient of traditional healthy Mediterranean and Latin American meals. Pasta has come a long way from the days when it was erroneously considered by consumers to be a "fattening food." Today it is perceived as one of the "healthy options." In fact, because pasta is so supremely versatile as a base to a meal, it is easily possible to serve it in ways to satisfy both our notions of "healthy eating" and our appetites for interesting and tasty food. Pasta, being so popular as a delicious family meal favorite and equally relished all over the world, it deserves a lot than any other food to serve as an ideal functional food. Here we analyze various health ingredients that have been incorporated in pasta as disease/disorder curing agents and/or potent nutritional supplements and their effects on cooking and quality parameters of pasta as well as their various health benefits and therapeutic attributes.

Pasta Fortified with Potato Juice: Structure, Quality, and Consumer Acceptance.

Science.gov (United States)

Kowalczewski, Przemysław; Lewandowicz, Grażyna; Makowska, Agnieszka; Knoll, Ismena; Błaszczak, Wioletta; Białas, Wojciech; Kubiak, Piotr

2015-06-01

The potential of potato juice in relieving gastrointestinal disorders has already been proven. Work continues on implementation of this active component into products that are widely consumed. In this article, results of an attempt to fortify pasta with potato juice are presented and discussed. Fortification is performed using fresh and dried juice. The influence of the addition on culinary properties of the final product, such as cooking weight and cooking loss, as well as microstructure, color, texture, and consumer acceptance were evaluated. It was found that potato juice can be used for fortification of pasta both in its fresh and dried forms, however the effects on different responses depend on the potato juice form used. The addition of potato juice influenced the color of the product reducing its lightness and shifting color balances from green to red, yellow color saturation was decreased as well. Changes in color were more significant in the case of fresh juice addition. The firmness and microstructure of pasta was also influenced. The surface microstructure of pasta containing fresh potato juice was different from that of the other 2 products being a likely explanation of the lower cooking loss observed in its case. In contrast, the consistency of dough was strengthened by addition of dried potato juice. Principal components analysis indicated that the color change had the most pronounced effect on consumer acceptance. Other physicochemical changes were slightly less significant. Nevertheless, sensory evaluation proved that functional pasta produced with fresh potato juice finds consumer acceptance comparable with that of classic pasta. © 2015 Institute of Food Technologists®

Reproducción y dieta de Liolaemus koslowskyi Etheridge 1993

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Aun, Liliana

1998-01-01

Full Text Available Se describe el ciclo reproductivo y la dieta de una población de Liolaemus koslowskyi, de la localidad de Pomán, Departamento de Pomán, Catamarca, Argentina. Esta especie presenta un ciclo reproductivo estacional con dos posturas al año, en primavera y a principios del verano. El tamaño de la carnada es de 3-9 huevos por postura. La dieta tanto para machos como para hembras consiste en hormigas, coleópteros, hemípteros, larvas, pupas y arañas. Numéricamente las hormigas son las más abundantes y la mayor contribución en volumen es el de los coleópteros. The reproductive cycle and diet are described for a population Liolaernus koslowskyi studied at Pomán, Departamento Pomán, Catamarca, Argentina. This species has a seasonal reproductive cycle with egg production occurring in spring and early summer. Females may produce two clutches of eggs each year. Clutch size vares from 3-9 eggs and is correlated with female snout-vent length. The diet of males and females consists of ants, beetles, hemipterans, larvae, pupae, and spiders. Numerically, ants are most abundant in the diet whereas volumetrically, beetles contribute the most.

Porfirio Díaz y la “Gran Dieta Simbólica”: ¿La masonería mexicana bajo control?

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Rogelio Aragón

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Las fuentes más consultadas para la historia de la masonería en México durante el período conocido como"Porfiriato" apuntan a que fue, precisamente, el presidente Porfirio Díaz el artífice de la unificación de lamasonería bajo la llamada "Gran Dieta Simbólica". Sin embargo, el intercambio epistolar entre el generalDíaz y Ermilio Cantón -que más bien fue monólogo epistolar de este último-, dirigente de facto de la GranDieta, apunta en una dirección distinta. El presente artículo contrapone la información proporcionada por lasfuentes bibliográficas con la correspondencia del presidente.

Produção de bioetanol a partir da fermentaçãode caldo de sorgo sacarino e cana-de-açúcar

OpenAIRE

Masson,Igor dos Santos; Costa,Gustavo Henrique Gravatim; Roviero,Juliana Pelegrini; Freita,Lidyane Aline de; Mutton,Miguel Angelo; Mutton,Márcia Justino Rossini

2015-01-01

Os biocombustíveis apresentam-se com grande importância para suprir a demanda global de energia. São produzidos a partir de biomassa vegetal, emitem menor quantidade de dióxido de carbono e de partículas poluentes ao ambiente quando utilizados e possuem grande vantagem por serem combustíveis renováveis. Entre as matérias-primas com potencial para produção de etanol, cita-se o sorgo sacarino. Objetivou-se comparar o processamento industrial do genótipo de sorgo sacarino CVSW80007 e da cultivar...

Consumer Perception and Buying Decisions(The Pasta Study)

Science.gov (United States)

Kazmi, Syeda Quratulain

2012-11-01

The project ìconsumer perception and buying behavior (the pasta studyî) is basically measures the development of perception through different variables and identify those factors which stimulate buying decision of consumer. Among various variables which effect consumer buying pattern I choose AWARENESS and AVAILABILITY of the product as two main variables which have strong effect on popularity and sale of pasta product. As my research is totally based on qualitative method thatís why I choose quota sampling technique and collect data by interviewing house wives resides in different areas of Karachi. The reason of choosing only house wives as respondent is that house wives can give true insight factors which hinder the popularity of pasta products in Pakistan. Focus group discussions have been conducted to extract findings. 30 house wives have been interviewed and their responses have been analyzed.

Eficacia de una dieta mediterránea en la prevención primaria de insuficiencia cardiaca y fibrilación auricular en hipertensos de alto riesgo cardiovascular

OpenAIRE

Lozano Rodríguez, Jesús Manuel

2016-01-01

Falta palabras clave Objetivos: Principal. Estudiar el efecto de una dieta mediterránea (DTM), en comparación con una dieta baja en grasas (DBG), sobre la incidencia de insuficiencia cardiaca (IC), fibrilación auricular (FA), ictus y cardiopatía isquémica (CI) en pacientes hipertensos de alto riesgo cardiovascular, que reciben tratamiento farmacológico antihipertensivo y que aún no han presentado ninguna manifestación clínica de enfermedad del aparato circulatorio y no tienen FA. Secundari...

Use of Olive Oil Industrial By-Product for Pasta Enrichment.

Science.gov (United States)

Padalino, Lucia; D'Antuono, Isabella; Durante, Miriana; Conte, Amalia; Cardinali, Angela; Linsalata, Vito; Mita, Giovanni; Logrieco, Antonio F; Del Nobile, Matteo Alessandro

2018-04-16

During recent years food industries generally produce a large volume of wastes both solid and liquid, representing a disposal and potential environmental pollution problem. The goal of the study was to optimize, from both sensory and nutritional points of view, the formulation of durum wheat spaghetti enriched with an olive oil industrial by-product, indicated as olive paste. Three consecutive steps were carried out. In the first one, the olive paste was air-dried at low temperature, milled to record olive paste flour and properly analyzed for its biochemical composition. In the second step, the olive paste flour was added to the pasta dough at 10% and 15% ( w / w ). In the last step, different concentrations of transglutaminase were added to enriched pasta (10% olive paste) to further improve the quality. Sensory properties and nutritional content of enriched and control pasta were properly measured. Spaghetti with 10% olive paste flour and 0.6% transglutaminase were considered acceptable to the sensory panel test. Nutritional analyses showed that addition of 10% olive paste flour to pasta considerably increased content of flavonoids and total polyphenols. The proper addition of olive paste flour and transglutaminase for pasta enrichment could represent a starting point to valorize olive oil industrial by-products and produce new healthy food products.

Polyadenylation state microarray (PASTA) analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Beilharz, Traude H; Preiss, Thomas

2011-01-01

Nearly all eukaryotic mRNAs terminate in a poly(A) tail that serves important roles in mRNA utilization. In the cytoplasm, the poly(A) tail promotes both mRNA stability and translation, and these functions are frequently regulated through changes in tail length. To identify the scope of poly(A) tail length control in a transcriptome, we developed the polyadenylation state microarray (PASTA) method. It involves the purification of mRNA based on poly(A) tail length using thermal elution from poly(U) sepharose, followed by microarray analysis of the resulting fractions. In this chapter we detail our PASTA approach and describe some methods for bulk and mRNA-specific poly(A) tail length measurements of use to monitor the procedure and independently verify the microarray data.

76 FR 48130 - Certain Pasta From Italy: Preliminary Results of the 14th (2009) Countervailing Duty...

Science.gov (United States)

2011-08-08

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [C-475-819] Certain Pasta From Italy...'') is conducting an administrative review of the countervailing duty order on certain pasta from Italy..., 1996, the Department published a countervailing duty order on certain pasta (``pasta'' or ``subject...

75 FR 18806 - Certain Pasta From Italy: Preliminary Results of the 13th (2008) Countervailing Duty...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-13

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [C-475-819] Certain Pasta From Italy...'') is conducting an administrative review of the countervailing duty order on certain pasta from Italy..., 1996, the Department published a countervailing duty order on certain pasta (``pasta'' or ``subject...

On the importance of processing conditions, product thickness and egg addition for the glycaemic and hormonal responses to pasta: a comparison with bread made from 'pasta ingredients'.

Science.gov (United States)

Granfeldt, Y; Björck, I; Hagander, B

1991-10-01

The importance of processing conditions, product thickness and effect of egg addition for the glycaemic and hormonal responses to pasta was studied. Healthy subjects were given test meals with an equivalent amount of available carbohydrate from extruded high-temperature dried spaghetti and three varieties of fresh roll-sheeted linguine (thick, thin, thin with egg) made from the same ingredients (durum wheat, water and monoglycerides). As a reference bread was baked from the same ingredients as in the pasta products. Glucose, insulin and C-peptide levels were measured over a 3 h period. Glycaemic, insulin and C-peptide indexes (GI, II, CI) were calculated using 120 min areas under the curves. Glycaemic index was also calculated using the 90 min area. Also studied were the rates of in vitro starch digestion. The four pasta products produced significantly lower peak values (glucose, insulin, C-peptide) and lower GI (90 min), II (120 min) and CI (120 min) than the corresponding bread. The rate of in vitro starch digestion in pasta was also slower than in bread. In contrast to the pasta products, bread resulted in a prominent hypoglycaemia in the late phase, that is a drop below fasting blood glucose level. Minor differences in metabolic responses also appeared in the pasta products. In particular, the insulin and C-peptide response to the thin linguine was accentuated in the phase around 120 min.

Efectos de una dieta hipocalórica y de un programa de ejercicio físico de corta duración en el perfil lipídico y en la composición corporal de mujeres menopáusicas con sobrepeso

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D. Rojano

2014-09-01

Conclusión: Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que la combinación de un programa de ejercicio físico aeróbico y de fuerza de 6 semanas de duración y una dieta hipocalórica en mujeres menopáusicas con sobrepeso, provoca mejoras significativas en la composición corporal y una tendencia hacia la mejora del perfil lipídico, lo que puede repercutir positivamente en la calidad de vida.

78 FR 9672 - Certain Pasta From Turkey; 2010-2011; Final Results of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review

Science.gov (United States)

2013-02-11

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [A-489-805] Certain Pasta From Turkey...) is conducting an administrative review of the antidumping duty order on certain pasta (pasta) from...-preliminary decision memorandum. \\1\\ See Certain Pasta From Turkey: Notice of Preliminary Results of the 2010...

77 FR 45582 - Certain Pasta From Italy: Preliminary Results of the 15th (2010) Countervailing Duty...

Science.gov (United States)

2012-08-01

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [C-475-819] Certain Pasta From Italy... order on certain pasta from Italy for the period January 1, 2010, through December 31, 2010. We... duty order on certain pasta (``pasta'' or ``subject merchandise'') from Italy. See Notice of...

INFLUENCIA DEL NITRÓGENO EN LA CALIDAD DEL GRANO DE SORGO EN EL SALVADOR

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Vilma Ruth Calder\\u00F3n-Chinchilla

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Se evaluó el efecto de la aplicación y el uso efi ciente de nitrógeno (UEN en el rendimiento y la calidad del grano de 12 líneas experimentales de sorgo [Sorghum bicolor Moench (L] y dos variedades comerciales ('Soberan' y 'Jocoro' durante el año 2004. Los niveles dec nitrógeno empleados fueron de 0 y 21 kg/ha. Se presentaron interacciones entre las variedades y los niveles de nitrógeno para el rendimiento del grano y el UEN. La aplicación de 21 kg/ha aumentó el rendimiento del grano en 0,9 t/ha (45%, la concentración de N en el grano en 0,3% y la densidad verdadera del grano, con un efecto pequeño en otras variables de la calidad del grano. Se encontraron diferencias entre las líneas para todas las variables de calidad, pero ninguna de las líneas experimentales fue superior a las variedades Soberano y Jocoro. Las líneas ICSVLM-90520, ICSVLM-89537 e ICSVLM-90510 dieron rendimientos similares a Soberano y Jocoro; y ICSVLM-90510 presentó igual o superior calidad del grano, pudiendo ser utilizada para incrementar la diversidad genética.

75 FR 49907 - Certain Pasta From Italy: Notice of Preliminary Results of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review

Science.gov (United States)

2010-08-16

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [A-475-818] Certain Pasta From Italy... antidumping duty order on certain pasta (``pasta'') from Italy for the period of review (``POR'') July 1, 2008... Attilio Mastromauro--Pasta Granoro S.r.L. (``Granoro'') and Pastaficio Lucio Garofalo S.p.A. (``Garofalo...

75 FR 56992 - Certain Pasta From Italy: Notice of Initiation of Changed Circumstances Review and Consideration...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-09-17

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [C-475-819] Certain Pasta From Italy..., in part, the countervailing duty order on certain pasta from Italy with respect to gluten-free pasta... published in the Federal Register the countervailing duty order on pasta from Italy. See Notice of...

Evaluación de cuatro tipos de leche en la dieta larvaria de Cochliomyia hominivorax (coquerel

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Andrés Álvarez Jiménez

2005-12-01

Full Text Available La Comisión México Americana para la Erradicación del Gusano Barrenador del Ganado produce actualmente un promedio de 100 millones de moscas estériles a la semana, para ser enviadas a los centros de dispersión de Panamá, Aruba y Jamaica, en los cuales se espera erradicar al Gusano Barrenador del Ganado (GBG. Por esto, y pensando en los países que en un futuro requieran de estas moscas estériles para la erradicación del GBG, la Comisión México Americana se encuentra en una constante búsqueda de mejoras en el proceso de producción. Para lograr este objetivo cuenta con una unidad de investigación en el departamento de desarrollo de métodos, donde se encargan de mantener la cepa de la mosca y de realizar diferentes tipos de pruebas que buscan mejorar la producción masiva de moscas estériles del GBG. La comisión recibió de la compañía Purina cuatro muestras de sustituto de leche en polvo para su uso en la dieta del Gusano Barrenador (Nodricina 200, Nodricina Premium 20/20, Nodricina Plus 20-20 y sustituto de leche para becerros, estas se evaluaron en una prueba completa para determinar la existencia de diferencias significativas en el desempeño de la larva en dietas que incluyan a estos componentes. Se realizaron cinco réplicas, con tres charolas de 16 L por tratamiento para un total de 15 charolas por réplica. Midiendo y evaluando los parámetros de la cepa Jamaica 03 del Gusano Barrenador del Ganado para determinar el comportamiento de estos sustitutos en la dieta larvaria, y evaluar la posible utilización de los mismos.

SODIUM BICARBONATE AND YEAST AS DIET ADDITIVES FOR CROSSBRED DAIRY COWS BICARBONATO DE SÓDIO E LEVEDURAS COMO ADITIVOS DE DIETAS PARA VACAS LEITEIRAS MESTIÇAS

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Eduardo Rodrigues de Carvalho

2009-07-01

ção do leite de vacas mestiças primíparas F1 (½ Holandesa ½ Jersey. A duração desse experimento foi de trinta dias, divididos em dois períodos de quinze dias. Utilizaram-se dois tratamentos: silagem de sorgo com adição de NaHCO3 na proporção de 1,3% (base na MS e silagem de sorgo sem aditivo. O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado em esquema de reversão simples. Fez-se uso de doze vacas agrupadas em dois grupos experimentais de seis animais cada um, que ao início do experimento apresentavam produção média de 15,7 litros de leite/dia ± 2,4 e DEL (dias em lactação médio de 122 dias ± 60. Procedeu-se à avaliação da produção e da composição do leite do 13º ao 15º dia dos dois períodos experimentais, em quatro ordenhas consecutivas. No Experimento 2, analisou-se a adição de NaHCO3 (2,2% da MS, ou leveduras (20 g/vaca/dia ou 0,2% da MS, ou sua associação a uma mesma dieta (silagem de sorgo + concentrados, oferecida a vacas não lactantes fistuladas no rúmen. Efetuou-se a avaliação do CMS, CMO, CFDN, DRMS e DRFDN (a trinta horas, pH ruminal, Kd e Kt da MS, MO e FDN da digesta ruminal e frações sólida, líquida e total da digesta ruminal. A duração desse experimento foi de 56 dias, divididos em quatro períodos de quatorze dias. Os tratamentos utilizados foram os seguintes: T1 = silagem de sorgo + concentrados; T2 = silagem de sorgo + concentrados + NaHCO3 (2,2% da MS; T3 = silagem de sorgo + concentrados + leveduras (20 g/animal/dia ou 0,2% da MS e T4 = silagem de sorgo + concentrados + NaHCO3 (2,2% da MS + leveduras (20 g/animal/dia ou 0,2% da MS. O delineamento experimental empregado foi o Quadrado Latino 4x4. Fez-se uso de quatro vacas não lactantes fistuladas no rúmen sem padrão racial definido. No Experimento 1, não houve diferença (P>0,05 na produção de leite, produção de leite corrigida para 3,5% de gordura, teor e produção de gordura, teor e produção de proteína, teor e produção de lactose e

Colloquium: Astromaterial science and nuclear pasta

Science.gov (United States)

Caplan, M. E.; Horowitz, C. J.

2017-10-01

"Astromaterial science" is defined as the study of materials in astronomical objects that are qualitatively denser than materials on Earth. Astromaterials can have unique properties related to their large density, although they may be organized in ways similar to more conventional materials. By analogy to terrestrial materials, this study of astromaterials is divided into hard and soft and one example of each is discussed. The hard astromaterial discussed here is a crystalline lattice, such as the Coulomb crystals in the interior of cold white dwarfs and in the crust of neutron stars, while the soft astromaterial is nuclear pasta found in the inner crusts of neutron stars. In particular, how molecular dynamics simulations have been used to calculate the properties of astromaterials to interpret observations of white dwarfs and neutron stars is discussed. Coulomb crystals are studied to understand how compact stars freeze. Their incredible strength may make crust "mountains" on rotating neutron stars a source for gravitational waves that the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) may detect. Nuclear pasta is expected near the base of the neutron star crust at densities of 1014 g /cm3 . Competition between nuclear attraction and Coulomb repulsion rearranges neutrons and protons into complex nonspherical shapes such as sheets (lasagna) or tubes (spaghetti). Semiclassical molecular dynamics simulations of nuclear pasta have been used to study these phases and calculate their transport properties such as neutrino opacity, thermal conductivity, and electrical conductivity. Observations of neutron stars may be sensitive to these properties and can be used to interpret observations of supernova neutrinos, magnetic field decay, and crust cooling of accreting neutron stars. This Colloquium concludes by comparing nuclear pasta shapes with some similar shapes seen in biological systems.

Variación espacial y temporal en la composición de la dieta de peces invertívoros en un río neotropical, Venezuela

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Mario Ortaz

2011-09-01

Full Text Available La ictiofauna invertívora es un componente importante en los ríos neotropicales y representa un enlace entre los invertebrados acuáticos y los piscívoros. En el presente trabajo se evaluó la amplitud y sobreposición interespecífica de dieta de nueve especies de peces invertívoros durante tres fases hidrológicas consecutivas: descenso (diciembre/07, enero/08, febrero/08, marzo/08, aguas bajas (abril/08 y ascenso de aguas (junio/08 en dos secciones de un río venezolano ubicadas a distinta altitud (subcuenca alta, SA y subcuenca baja, SB. Los peces se recolectaron con una red de cerco (0.5cm entrenudos entre las 8:00 y 11:00 horas. La dieta de cada especie se evaluó usando un índice de importancia relativa (IIR que incluyó el número, peso y frecuencia de ocurrencia de los items consumidos. Para estimar la amplitud y sobreposición interespecífica de dieta se emplearon los índices de Levín (Bi y Morisita (IM, respectivamente. Todas las estimaciones se realizaron con la frecuencia numérica de las presas consumidas. Se capturaron nueve especies, ocho Characiformes, tres en SA (Knodus deuteronoides, Creagrutus bolivari y C. melasma y cinco en SB (Thoracocharax stellatus, Moenkhausia lepidura, Cheirodon pulcher, Ctenobrycon spilurus y Aphyocharax alburnus y un Cyprinodontiformes (Poecilia reticulata, capturada en SA. En SA el principal recurso consumido fueron insectos acuáticos mientras que el material vegetal y los artrópodos terrestres fueron recursos secundarios. En SB, las especies consumieron estos items además de zooplancton (Copepoda, Cladocera y estadios larvales de crustáceos Decapoda, pero hubo una sustitución temporal con un predominio de zooplancton en descenso y aguas bajas. En general, la amplitud de la dieta disminuyó en descenso de aguas en ambas secciones e incrementó en ascenso de aguas. Sin embargo, la amplitud promedio fue mayor en SA. La sobreposición interespecífica de dieta fue alta en SA mientras que

77 FR 47816 - Certain Pasta from Italy: Notice of Initiation of Antidumping Duty Changed Circumstances Review

Science.gov (United States)

2012-08-10

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [A-475-818] Certain Pasta from Italy... certain pasta from Italy (``pasta'') with respect to Delverde Industire Alimentari S.p.A. (``Delverde... Federal Register the antidumping duty order on pasta from Italy.\\1\\ On remand, Del Verde S.p.A. was found...

76 FR 23974 - Certain Pasta From Turkey: Notice of Preliminary Results of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review

Science.gov (United States)

2011-04-29

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [A-489-805] Certain Pasta From Turkey... duty order on certain pasta (pasta) from Turkey. The period of review (POR) is July 1, 2009, through.... A.S. (Birlik), had knowledge that the pasta it produced and sold to Marsan was destined for the...

77 FR 46377 - Certain Pasta From Italy: Notice of Preliminary Results of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review...

Science.gov (United States)

2012-08-03

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [A-475-818] Certain Pasta From Italy... certain pasta (``pasta'') from Italy for the period of review (``POR'') July 1, 2010, through June 30... antidumping duty order on pasta from Italy.\\1\\ On July 1, 2011, the Department published a notice of...

Dieta cetogénica como tratamiento de la epilepsia refractaria

OpenAIRE

Barrena Barbadillo, Rocío

2016-01-01

Trabajo final de máster en el que se analiza la efectividad de la dieta cetogénica como tratamiento para la epilepsia refractaria a fármacos. Análisis de las diferentes dietas cetogénicas existentes, mecanismo de acción, efectividad, indicaciones, contraindicaciones efectos adversos e implementación de la dieta. Treball final de màster en el qual s'analitza l'efectivitat de la dieta cetogènica com a tractament per l'epilèpsia refractària a fàrmacs. Anàlisi de les diferents dietes cetogèniq...

[Cooking quality of pastas supplemented with rice bran].

Science.gov (United States)

Sangronis, E; Cafiero, J; Mosqueda, M

1997-06-01

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality during and after cooking of four pastas spaghetti type. Rice bran was used as ingredient in order to increase protein and dietetic fiber content. In two of the four formulation, semolina durum was supplemented with 10 and 20% rice bran. In the other two formulation granular flour was supplemented with 10 and 20% rice bran. Time cooking, water absorbtion, solid loss, color and hardness, (instrumental and sensory), Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER) and Apparent Digestibility in vivo were determined. Acceptability was evaluated by a 35-member consumer panel. Rice bran improved solid loss during cooking and increased cooking time, PERs were not affected significantly but Apparent Digestibility decreased when rice bran was increased. Sensory quality was affected because rice bran made pastas hard and dark but they were comparable to high fiber pasta existing in market.

Sensorial and physicochemical qualities of pasta prepared with amaranth

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juliana Lopes dos Santos

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Current assay analyzed the sensorial acceptability of pasta when amaranth flour (AF is added at different percentages. The physical and chemical composition and the acceptance similarities of standard formulation and formulation with a greater level of AF addition were assessed. Five formulations of pasta were used: F1 standard (0% AF; F2 (20% AF; F3 (25% AF; F4 (30% AF; F5 (35% AF. Fifty-six untrained tasters, from both genders and aged between 17 and 27 years, participated in the sensorial analysis. The physicochemical analyses determined moisture content, ash, protein, fat, carbohydrates, crude fiber, and calories. F4 with the highest AF content obtained acceptance similar to the standard formulation in all attributes. In addition, F4 provided higher levels of dietary fiber, proteins, ash, calories and lipids than standard formulation. Only carbohydrates levels in F4 were lower. Current study demonstrated that pasta with the addition of up to 30% of AF was the most sensory-accepted among the AF-added pastas. Since it provided sensory acceptance similar to the standard product, good marketing expectations are given.

Análisis de la ingesta y adherencia a la dieta mediterránea en un grupo de estudiantes universitarios: Comparación entre deportistas y sedentarios.

OpenAIRE

Fernández McPhee, Marina

2015-01-01

El patrón alimentario actual de las sociedades desarrolladas se ha asociado con el aumento en la prevalencia de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles. La alimentación de los jóvenes universitarios se aleja cada vez más de la dieta mediterránea, incorporando alimentos procesados, un exceso de carnes, comidas rápidas y bebidas azucaradas, propios de un modelo de dieta occidental. El binomio alimentación y actividad física es fundamental para mantener un adecuado estado de sal...

Calidad seminal en ovinos pelibuey con inclusión de Hibiscus rosa-sinensis en la dieta

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José Maza Gamboa

2015-01-01

Full Text Available La alimentación de los ovinos en el trópico representa del 48 a 90 % de los costos de producción, además, el uso de granos hace dependientes a los ovinocultores del mercado internacional. Ganancias de peso moderadas se han obtenido con follaje de plantas arbustivas, sin embargo, algunas plantas como el Tulipán (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis presentan compuestos que pueden actuar como fito-estrógenos, lo que puede comprometer el uso potencial en la alimentación de sementales ovinos pelibuey. Método: doce sementales ovinos Pelibuey, de 24±3 meses de edad, con un peso de 44±5 kg y una condición corporal de 2.3 +0.3 en una escala de 1 a 5 fueron asignados a 2 tratamientos (n=6 durante 45 días. En dietas con base en pasto de corte (Pennisetum purpureum x P. Typhoides var. CT-115, para el tratamiento 1 (T1, se utilizó alimento comercial (500 g d-1 por ovino con 16% de PC; y para el tratamiento 2 (T2, 20% de Tulipán (451 g MS/ kg MV, ~1.6 kg d-1 por ovino. Al finalizar la prueba se evaluó la calidad seminal, las variables de respuesta fueron: volumen del eyaculado (Vol, ml y a través del Análisis de Semen Asistido por Computadora (CASA la concentración espermática (CE, Millones por ml y ocho parámetros de motilidad individual: velocidad curvilínea (VCL, μ/s, velocidad rectilínea (VSL, μ/s, velocidad promedio (VAP, μ/s, índice de linealidad (LIN, %, índice de rectitud (STR, %, índice de oscilación (WOB, %, amplitud media del desplazamiento lateral de la cabeza (ALH, μ y frecuencia de batido de cola (BCF, Hz. Para determinar las diferencias entre las medias para tratamientos para Vol y CE, VCL, VSL y VAP se utilizó una t de Student; para los parámetros de motilidad individual se realizó una reducción de factores y una clasificación en dos fases de los índices obtenidos para caracterizar las subpoblaciones espermáticas por motilidad. Los análisis fueron realizados con el software SPSS 15.0 para Windows Resultados: no se

Nutritional ecology and digestive response to dietary shift in the large South American fox, Pseudalopex culpaeus Ecología nutricional y respuesta digestiva a cambios en la dieta en el zorro sudamericano grande, Pseudalopex culpaeus

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SERGIO I. SILVA

2005-06-01

dietas (frutos, ratas y dieta mixta, en tanto que el porcentaje de cambio en masa corporal solo fue significativo en el caso de la dieta de frutos. Los zorros alimentados con frutos consumieron más alimento para satisfacer sus necesidades dietarias y metabólicas. Tanto la ingesta de materia seca como la digestibilidad se incrementaron significativamente con la calidad de la dieta. Más aún, el tiempo de retención promedio estuvo negativa y significativamente correlacionado con la ingesta de materia seca. Pensamos que la dieta mixta puede entregar mayores eficiencias de asimilación y por lo tanto mayores ingestas de nutrientes que lo predicho por la ingesta y asimilación de dietas puras (i.e., solo ratas, solo frutos. Proponemos la hipótesis que durante períodos de baja disponibilidad de presas (micromamíferos una ingesta de dieta mixta podría entregar un balance energía/masa positivo para los zorros. Concluímos que la variación temporal y espacial de nutrientes, energía y contenido de agua presente en las presas disponibles en un determinado hábitat puede tener un importante efecto sobre la nutrición, uso de energía y balance de masa de los zorros. Finalmente, postulamos que P. culpaeus no puede sobrevivir con una dieta exclusivamente de frutos mas allá de siete días

Incorporation of Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina maxima biomass in pasta products. Part 1: Preparation and evaluation.

Science.gov (United States)

Fradique, Mónica; Batista, Ana Paula; Nunes, M Cristiana; Gouveia, Luísa; Bandarra, Narcisa M; Raymundo, Anabela

2010-08-15

Microalgae are able to enhance the nutritional content of conventional foods and hence to positively affect human health, due to their original chemical composition. The aim of the present study was to prepare fresh spaghetti enriched with different amounts of microalgae biomass (Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina maxima) and to compare the quality parameters (optimal cooking time, cooking losses, swelling index and water absorption), chemical composition, instrumental texture and colour of the raw and cooked pasta enriched with microalgae biomass with standard semolina spaghetti. The incorporation of microalgae results in an increase of quality parameters when compared to the control sample. The colour of microalgae pastas remained relatively stable after cooking. The addition of microalgae resulted in an increase in the raw pasta firmness when compared to the control sample. Of all the microalgae studied, an increase in the biomass concentration (0.5-2.0%) resulted in a general tendency of an increase in the pasta firmness. Sensory analysis revealed that microalgae pastas had higher acceptance scores by the panellists than the control pasta. Microalgae pastas presented very appellative colours, such as orange and green, similar to pastas produced with vegetables, with nutritional advantages, showing energetic values similar to commercial pastas. The use of microalgae biomass can enhance the nutritional and sensorial quality of pasta, without affecting its cooking and textural properties. Copyright (c) 2010 Society of Chemical Industry.

Impact of nuclear 'pasta' on neutrino transport in collapsing stellar cores

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sonoda, Hidetaka; Watanabe, Gentaro; Sato, Katsuhiko; Takiwaki, Tomoya; Yasuoka, Kenji; Ebisuzaki, Toshikazu

2007-01-01

Nuclear 'pasta', nonspherical nuclei in dense matter, is predicted to occur in collapsing supernova cores. We show how pasta phases affect the neutrino transport cross section via weak neutral current using several nuclear models. This is the first calculation of the neutrino opacity of the phases with rod-like and slab-like nuclei taking account of finite temperature effects, which are well described by the quantum molecular dynamics. We also show that pasta phases can occupy 10-20% of the mass of supernova cores in the later stage of the collapse

Absorción de grasas termoxidadas. II. Influencia del nivel de alteración y porcentaje de grasa en la dieta

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Márquez-Ruiz, G.

1992-08-01

Full Text Available In this paper, the influence of dietary fat alteration and level upon digestibilities of total fat, unsaponifiable matter and non-altered fatty acids, is studied. 11 groups of Wistar rats were fed diets containing non-heated and thermoxidized olive oils. Analytical techniques previously studied were used for isolation and evaluation of non-absorbed lipids present in feces. The results obtained led to the following conclusions: - Digestibility of fat decreases with dietary fat alteration but it is independent of the dietary fat level. - The apparent absorption of non-altered fatty acids is affected by the dietary fat alteration. - Dietary fat alteration significantly contributes to increase excreted levels of unsaponifiable from endogenous sources.

En el presente trabajo se estudia la influencia de la alteración y porcentaje de grasa en la dieta sobre la digestibilidad de la grasa total así como de las fracciones insaponificable y de ácidos grasos no alterados. La experiencia fue realizada utilizando 11 grupos de ratas Wistar alimentadas con aceites de oliva no calentado y termoxidado. Se aplicaron técnicas analíticas estudiadas con anterioridad para la extracción y evaluación de los lípidos no absorbidos presentes en heces. Los resultados obtenidos permiten deducir las siguientes conclusiones: - La digestibilidad de la grasa disminuye con el incremento de alteración, pero es independiente del nivel de grasa en la dieta. - La absorción aparente de ácidos grasos no alterados se encuentra afectada por la alteración de la grasa de la dieta. - La alteración de la grasa ingerida contribuye al aumento de las cantidades excretadas de insaponificable de origen endógeno.

Resposta da soja e da biomassa de carbono do solo aos resíduos de cinco genótipos de sorgo

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C. A. Vasconcellos

1999-03-01

Full Text Available O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência de resíduos de cinco cultivares de sorgo (Sorghum bicolor L.: CMS XS 376, CMS XS 365, BR 304, BR 700 e CMS XS 755 no crescimento e no desenvolvimento da soja. Esses resíduos foram colhidos em três estádios do desenvolvimento reprodutivo do sorgo: florescimento, enchimento de grãos e maturação. Os tratamentos estudados constaram da deposição desses resíduos na superfície do solo ou da sua total incorporação na proporção de 4 g kg-1 de matéria seca no solo (LEd, fase cerrado. Nos tratamentos com planta, mantiveram-se três plantas de soja (cv. Doko em vasos com capacidade para 3 kg de solo. Nos tratamentos sem planta, o solo foi amostrado semanalmente para avaliação das formas de N. Após a colheita da soja, amostras de planta e de solo, de cada tratamento, foram retiradas para determinar a absorção total de N e a influência desses resíduos no N disponível extraído com KCl 2 mol L-1. Os resultados revelaram que alguns resíduos culturais de sorgo afetaram, independentemente do estádio de colheita, o desenvolvimento da soja, a absorção de N, o peso de nódulos e a biomassa microbiana do solo. Tais efeitos também foram dependentes do método de incorporação do resíduo. O teor de carbono imobilizado pela biomassa foi maior quando os resíduos de sorgo foram distribuídos na superfície do solo.

COMPORTAMIENTO REFRACTARIO DE PROBETAS DE MORTEROS CONFORMADAS CON DIATOMITAS COMO AGREGADO MINERAL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Rodriguez

2008-03-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo es el estudio de las propiedades puzolánicas de algunos minerales, como las diatomitas, que potencialmente pueden reaccionar con la portlandita contenida en las pastas y morteros de cemento Portland. También se estudia si estas adiciones minerales pueden incrementar la resistencia térmica y la refractariedad de los morteros. En el comportamiento de estos agregados se sigue midiendo como parámetro el comportamientopuzolánico de las diatomitas en las pastas de cemento Portland, y las variaciones de la resistencia mecánica de probetas estandarizadas construidas con y sin agregado de diatomitas. El desarrollo experimental programado consta de tratamientostérmicos a las diatomitas, reducción de tamaño hasta compatibilidad con la granulometría del cemento Portland, ensayos de DRX, análisis de puzolanidad, construcción de probetas de morteros con y sinagregado, y finalmente la medición de sus propiedades mecánicas residuales después de haber sido sometidas a elevadas temperaturas.Del análisis de los resultados experimentales se puede informar que las diatomitas estudiadas si le confieren propiedadespuzolánicas al cemento Portland, y como consecuencia mejoran la resistencia mecánica residual de las probetas de mortero cuando son sometidas a altas temperaturas.

Physico-chemical properties of ready to eat, shelf-stable pasta during storage.

Science.gov (United States)

Carini, E; Curti, E; Cassotta, F; Najm, N E O; Vittadini, E

2014-02-01

The changes in physico-chemical properties of RTE shelf stable pasta were studied during storage with a multianalytical and multidimensional approach (with special focus on water status) to understand the ageing process in this product. Pasta hardness and amylopectin recrystallisation increased, macroscopic water status indicators and proton molecular translational mobility remained constant, and significant changes were measured in the proton rotational molecular mobility indicators ((1)H FID, (1)H T2) during storage. Since the main changes observed in RTE pasta during storage were similar to those observed in other cereal-based products, it would be interesting to verify the effect of the anti-staling methods commonly used in the cereal processing industry in improving RTE pasta shelf-stability. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Disordered nuclear pasta, magnetic field decay, and crust cooling in neutron stars

OpenAIRE

Horowitz, C. J.; Berry, D. K.; Briggs, C. M.; Caplan, M. E.; Cumming, A.; Schneider, A. S.

2014-01-01

Nuclear pasta, with non-spherical shapes, is expected near the base of the crust in neutron stars. Large scale molecular dynamics simulations of pasta show long lived topological defects that could increase electron scattering and reduce both the thermal and electrical conductivities. We model a possible low conductivity pasta layer by increasing an impurity parameter Q_{imp}. Predictions of light curves for the low mass X-ray binary MXB 1659-29, assuming a large Q_{imp}, find continued late ...

Efeito da substituição de pré-secado de capim-tifton 85 por silagem de sorgo no consumo e na digestibilidade dos nutrientes e no desempenho de bovinos de corte Effect of replacing Tifton 85 haylage with sorghum silage on intake and digestibility of nutrients and performance of beef cattle

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Viviane Glaucia de Souza

2006-12-01

Full Text Available Avaliaram-se o consumo e a digestibilidade dos nutrientes, o ganho de peso (GMD e a conversão alimentar (CA em bovinos de corte recebendo dietas à base de silagem de sorgo (SS e pré-secado de capim-tifton 85 como volumoso, nas seguintes proporções: 0:100; 32:68; 66:34 e 100:0, respectivamente, com base na MS. As dietas (isonitrogenadas foram formuladas para conter aproximadamente 12% de PB, adotando-se uma relação volumoso:concentrado de 60:40, na MS. Foram utilizados 24 animais mestiços Holandês x Zebu não-castrados (360 kg de PV distribuídos em um delineamento em blocos casualizados. Após um período de adaptação de 15 dias, foram realizados três períodos experimentais de 28 dias. Para determinação da excreção fecal, utilizou-se a fibra em detergente ácido indigestível (FDAi como indicador. Os consumos médios diários de MS, MO, PB, EE, CT e NDT, em kg/dia, não foram influenciados pelas dietas, registrando-se valores médios de 9,46; 9,05; 1,20; 0,52, 7,4 e 6,23 kg/dia, respectivamente. As digestibilidades aparentes da MS, MO, PB e EE foram influenciadas de forma quadrática pelo nível de SS no volumoso, estimando-se digestibilidades mínimas de 60,33; 61,58; 61,89 e 55,83% nos níveis de 44,80; 47,18; 50,95 e 51,21% de silagem de sorgo, respectivamente. O GMD e a CA foram influenciados de forma quadrática pelos níveis de SS e apresentaram valores máximos e mínimos de 1,25 kg/dia e 7,66 para os níveis de 60,95 e 67,04% de SS, respectivamente. O uso de silagem pré-secada de capim-tifton 85 associada à silagem de sorgo consistiu em boa alternativa de volumoso para terminação de bovinos de corte. A inclusão de aproximadamente 60% de silagem de sorgo no volumoso promoveu máximo ganho de peso estimado.Intake, digestibility of nutrients, daily weight gain, and feed conversion were evaluated in beef cattle receiving diets containing the following ratios of sorghum silage:Tifton 85 haylage: 0:100; 32:68; 66:34; and

Effect of adding unconventional raw materials on the technological properties of rice fresh pasta

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Meg da Silva Fernandes

2013-06-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study was to develop fettuccini type rice fresh pasta by cold extrusion. To produce the pasta, a 2² Central Composite Rotational Design was used, in which the effects of the addition of pre-gelatinized rice flour - PGRF (0-60% and modified egg albumin - MEA (0-10% were studied. The dependent variables were the results of the cooking test and of the instrumental texture. The optimum cooking time for all of the formulations of rice fresh pasta was 3 minutes. MEA had a greater effect on increasing the weight of the pasta when compared to that of PGRF. It was found that with the addition of PGRF increase in loss of solids in cooking water, whereas MEA exerted the opposite effect on this parameter. Moreover, the maximum value of MEA (10% had an optimum effect on pasta firmness, while PGRF had a negative effect on this parameter. The maximum values of PGRF and MEA reduced the stickiness of the pasta. Based on these results and on the parameters considered as most important, the rice pasta with the best technological characteristics was that with the maximum levels of MEA (10% and no addition of PGRF (0%. This product was submitted to sensory and microbiological analyses, with good results.

78 FR 692 - Certain Pasta From Turkey: Final Results of the Expedited Third Sunset Review of the...

Science.gov (United States)

2013-01-04

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [C-489-806] Certain Pasta From Turkey... Sunset Review of the countervailing duty order on certain pasta from Turkey. The Department finds that... pasta from Turkey was published on July 24, 1996. See Notice of Countervailing Duty Order: Certain Pasta...

Microbial transglutaminase treatment in pasta-production does not affect the immunoreactivity of gliadin with celiac disease patients' sera.

Science.gov (United States)

Ruh, Tobias; Ohsam, Jürgen; Pasternack, Ralf; Yokoyama, Keiichi; Kumazawa, Yoshiyuki; Hils, Martin

2014-07-30

The effect of microbial transglutaminase (MTG)-treatment of pasta-dough on the immunoreactivity with celiac disease patient's sera has been investigated. Modification by MTG has been proven by determination of the MTG reaction product ε-(γ-glutamyl)lysine (3.63 μmol/g protein), which was not detectable in non-MTG-treated pasta. Antigenicity has been analyzed by immunoblotting and ELISA using gliadin-extracts from pasta and MTG-treated pasta. Immunoblotting showed that the antibody-population (antigliadin antibodies and antideamidated gliadin antibodies) of the sera is specific for every individual patient. Immunoblotting and ELISA showed that there is no difference in immunoreactivity of gliadin extracted from pasta and MTG-pasta. Recognition pattern and intensity in Western blot as well as antibody titer has also been identical even for sera with a high antideamidated gliadin antibody titer. These results indicate no difference between pasta-gliadin and MTG-pasta-gliadin and especially no increased deamidation in pasta-gliadin by MTG-treatment.

Effect of amaranth flour (Amaranthus mantegazzianus) on the technological and sensory quality of bread wheat pasta.

Science.gov (United States)

Martinez, Cristina S; Ribotta, Pablo D; Añón, María Cristina; León, Alberto E

2014-03-01

The technological and sensory quality of pasta made from bread wheat flour substituted with wholemeal amaranth flour (Amaranthus mantegazzianus) at four levels, 15, 30, 40 and 50% w/w was investigated. The quality of the resulted pasta was compared to that of control pasta made from bread wheat flour. The flours were analyzed for chemical composition and pasting properties. Cooking behavior, color, raw and cooked pasta texture, scanning electron microscopy and sensory evaluation were determined on samples. The pasta obtained from amaranth flour showed some detriment of the technological and sensory quality. So, a maximum substitution level of 30% w/w was defined. This is an equilibrium point between an acceptable pasta quality and the improved nutritional and functional properties from the incorporation of amaranth flour.

Transport Properties of the Nuclear Pasta Phase with Quantum Molecular Dynamics

Science.gov (United States)

Nandi, Rana; Schramm, Stefan

2018-01-01

We study the transport properties of nuclear pasta for a wide range of density, temperature, and proton fractions, relevant for different astrophysical scenarios adopting a quantum molecular dynamics model. In particular, we estimate the values of shear viscosity as well as electrical and thermal conductivities by calculating the static structure factor S(q) using simulation data. In the density and temperature range where the pasta phase appears, the static structure factor shows irregular behavior. The presence of a slab phase greatly enhances the peak in S(q). However, the effect of irregularities in S(q) on the transport coefficients is not very dramatic. The values of all three transport coefficients are found to have the same orders of magnitude as found in theoretical calculations for the inner crust matter of neutron stars without the pasta phase; therefore, the values are in contrast to earlier speculations that a pasta layer might be highly resistive, both thermally and electrically.

77 FR 69792 - Certain Pasta From Turkey: Final Results of Countervailing Duty Administrative Review; 2010

Science.gov (United States)

2012-11-21

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [C-489-806] Certain Pasta From Turkey... review of the countervailing duty order on certain pasta from Turkey for the period January 1, 2010... subject merchandise during the period of review. See Certain Pasta From Turkey: Preliminary Results of...

Warm ''pasta'' phase in the Thomas-Fermi approximation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Avancini, Sidney S.; Menezes, Debora P.; Chiacchiera, Silvia; Providencia, Constanca

2010-01-01

In the present article, the 'pasta' phase is studied at finite temperatures within a Thomas-Fermi (TF) approach. Relativistic mean-field models, both with constant and density-dependent couplings, are used to describe this frustrated system. We compare the present results with previous ones obtained within a phase-coexistence description and conclude that the TF approximation gives rise to a richer inner ''pasta'' phase structure and the homogeneous matter appears at higher densities. Finally, the transition density calculated within TF is compared with the results for this quantity obtained with other methods.

Índice de Qualidade da Dieta Revisado para população brasileira Índice de Calidad de la Dieta Revisado para población brasileña A revised version of the Healthy Eating Index for the Brazilian population

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Ágatha Nogueira Previdelli

2011-08-01

Full Text Available O Índice de Qualidade da Dieta Revisado é um indicador de qualidade da dieta desenvolvido consoante com as recomendações nutricionais vigentes. Os dados dietéticos foram provenientes do estudo de base-populacional, Inquérito de Saúde e Alimentação (ISA-Capital-2003. O Índice contém 12 componentes, sendo nove fundamentados nos grupos de alimentos do Guia Alimentar Brasileiro de 2006, cujas porções diárias são expressas em densidade energética; dois nutrientes (sódio e gordura saturada; e Gord_AA (calorias provenientes de gordura sólida, álcool e açúcar de adição. O Índice de Qualidade da Dieta Revisado propicia mensurar variados fatores de riscos dietéticos para doenças crônicas, permitindo, simultaneamente, avaliar e monitorar a dieta em nível individual ou populacional.El Índice de Calidad de la Dieta Revisado es un indicador de calidad de la dieta desarrollado cónsono con las recomendaciones nutricionales vigentes. Los datos dietéticos fueron provenientes del estudio de base poblacional Inquérito de Saúde e Alimentação (ISA - Pesquisa de Salud y Alimentación-Capital-2003. El Índice contiene 12 componentes, siendo nueve fundamentados en los grupos de alimentos de la Guía Alimentaria Brasileña de 2006, cuyas porciones diarias son expresadas en densidad energética; dos nutrientes (sodio y grasa saturada; y Gord_AA (calorías provenientes de grasa sólida, alcohol y azúcar de adición. El Índice de Calidad de la Dieta Revisado propicia medir varios factores de riesgos dietéticos para enfermedades crónicas, permitiendo, simultáneamente, evaluar y monitorear la dieta en nivel individual o poblacional.The revised version of the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index is an indicator of dietary quality developed according to current nutritional recommendations. Dietary data were obtained from a population-based survey, the 2003 Inquérito de Saúde e Alimentação (ISA - Health and Diet Survey-Capital. The Revised

77 FR 69793 - Certain Pasta From Italy; Final Results of Countervailing Duty Administrative Review; 2010

Science.gov (United States)

2012-11-21

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [C-475-819] Certain Pasta From Italy... review of the countervailing duty order on certain pasta from Italy for the period January 1, 2010... August 1, 2012. See Certain Pasta From Italy: Preliminary Results of the 15th (2010) Countervailing Duty...

75 FR 81212 - Certain Pasta From Italy: Notice of Final Results of the Thirteenth Antidumping Duty...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-12-27

... Foods Company, Inc. and its affiliate Euro-American Foods Group Inc. (Fasolino/Euro-American Foods). See... canned pastas, as well as all forms of egg pasta, with the exception of non-egg dry pasta containing up...

Effects of meat addition on pasta structure, nutrition and in vitro digestibility.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Tingting; Hamid, Nazimah; Kantono, Kevin; Pereira, Loveena; Farouk, Mustafa M; Knowles, Scott O

2016-12-15

In our study, semolina flour was substituted with beef emulsion (EM) at three different levels of 15, 30 and 45% (w/w) to develop a pasta with enhanced nutritional profile. The protein, fat, and water content significantly increased with addition of meat. The addition of meat enhanced the pasta gluten network. The redness and yellowness of cooked pasta increased with meat addition. Tensile strength increased from 0.018N/mm(2) in the control sample to 0.046N/mm(2) in 45% beef emulsion (45EM) sample. All meat-containing samples had significantly higher elasticity than control (0.039N/mm(2)). GI significantly decreased and IVPD value increased in 45EM sample. Five essential amino acids (leucine, lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan) in pasta digesta increased significantly with increasing meat addition. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Pasta Structures of Quark-Hadron Phase Transition in Proto-Neutron Stars

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yasutake, Nobutoshi; Maruyama, Toshiki; Tatsumi, Toshitaka

2011-01-01

We study the quark-hadron mixed phase in proto-neutron stars with the finite-size effects. In the calculations of pasta structures appeared in the mixed phase, the Gibbs conditions require the pressure balance and chemical equilibrium between two phases besides the thermal equilibrium. We find that the region of the mixed phase is limited due to thermal instability. Moreover, we study the effects of neutrinos to the pasta structures. As a result, we find that the existence of neutrinos make the pasta structures unstable, too. These characteristic features of the hadron-quark mixed phase should be important for the middle stage of the evolutions of proto-neutron stars.

PERBEDAAN DAYA HAMBAT PASTA GIGI BERBAHAN HERBAL TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS

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Susi Susi

2015-09-01

Full Text Available AbstrakKaries gigi dan penyakit periodontal dapat dicegah dengan mengontrol pembentukan plak secara teratur. Penggunaan pasta gigi herbal dapat memberikan efek kimia untuk mengontrol pembentukan plak. Studi terdahulu mendapatkan bahwa pasta gigi herbal dapat mengurangi jumlah bakteri utama pada rongga mulut yaitu Streptococcus mutans. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti perbedaan daya hambat beberapa pasta gigi herbal (mengandung siwak, cengkeh, dan daun sirih terhadap pertumbuhan Streptococcus mutans. Metode penelitian adalah eksperimental dengan meletakkan cakram yang sudah direndam dengan pasta gigi ke medium agar darah yang mengandung koloni Streptococcus mutans. Uji daya hambat bakteri dilakukan dengan metode difusi. Terbentuknya zona bening di sekitar koloni bakteri menunjukkan adanya penghambatan pertumbuhan bakteri uji. Hasil uji satu arah ANOVA menunjukkan adanya perbedaan daya hambat yang bermakna antar pasta gigi herbal yang digunakan (p<0.05. Ketiga pasta gigi didapakan memiliki kemampuan antibakteri kuat dengan rata-rata zona hambat 16.075 mm, 13.375 mm dan 11.080 mm. Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa pasta gigi herbal mempunyai efek anti bakteri terhadap pertumbuhan Streptococcus mutans dengan efek anti bakteri terkuat di tunjukkan oleh pasta gigi mengandung cengkeh.AbstractDental caries and periodontal disease can be eliminated by regularly control plaque formation. The usage of herbal toothpaste is able to give chemical effect toward plaque control. Previous studies shown that the usage of herbal toothpaste was able to reduce the growth of Streptococcus mutans, the main bacteria in the mouth. The study aimed at investigating the difference of zone of inhibition of several herbal toothpastes (siwak- , cloves- , and betel leaves- contained toward the growth of Streptococcus mutans.This study was experimental research using disc that had been immersed and subsequently put it onto Blood agar medium that contain Streptococcus mutans

Nuclear 'pasta phase' and its consequences on neutrino opacities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alloy, M. D.; Menezes, D. P.

2011-01-01

In this paper, we calculate the diffusion coefficients that are related to the neutrino opacities considering the formation of nuclear pasta and homogeneous matter at low densities. Our results show that the mean-free paths are significantly altered by the presence of nuclear pasta in stellar matter when compared with the results obtained with homogeneous matter. These differences in neutrino opacities certainly influence the Kelvin-Helmholtz phase of protoneutron stars and consequently the results of supernova explosion simulations.

76 FR 68399 - Certain Pasta From Turkey: Notice of Final Results of the 14th Antidumping Duty Administrative...

Science.gov (United States)

2011-11-04

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [A-489-805] Certain Pasta From Turkey... antidumping duty order on certain pasta from Turkey (pasta).\\1\\ The review covers one exporter: Marsan Gida...\\ See Certain Pasta From Turkey: Notice of Preliminary Results of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review...

75 FR 10464 - Certain Pasta from Italy: Notice of Partial Rescission of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-03-08

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [A-475-818] Certain Pasta from Italy... pasta from Italy. See Antidumping or Countervailing Duty Order, Finding, or Suspended Investigation....A. (``Garofalo''), Pastaficio Attilio Mastromauro Pasta Granoro S.r.L. (``Granoro''), Industria...

Novel soy germ pasta enriched in isoflavones ameliorates gastroparesis in type 2 diabetes: a pilot study.

Science.gov (United States)

Setchell, Kenneth D R; Nardi, Elisabetta; Battezzati, Pier-Maria; Asciutti, Stefania; Castellani, Danilo; Perriello, Gabriele; Clerici, Carlo

2013-11-01

To determine the effect of soy germ pasta enriched in biologically active isoflavone aglycons on gastric emptying in type 2 diabetic patients with gastroparesis. This randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study compared soy germ pasta with conventional pasta for effects on gastric emptying. Patients (n = 10) with delayed gastric emptying consumed one serving per day of each pasta for 8 weeks, with a 4-week washout. Gastric emptying time (t1/2) was measured using the [(13)C]octanoic acid breath test at baseline and after each period, and blood glucose and insulin concentrations were determined after oral glucose load. Soy germ pasta significantly accelerated the t1/2 in these patients (161.2 ± 17.5 min at baseline vs. 112.6 ± 11.2 min after treatment, P = 0.009). Such change differed significantly (P = 0.009) from that for conventional pasta (153.6 ± 24.2 vs. 156.2 ± 27.4 min), without affecting glucose or insulin concentrations. These findings suggest that soy germ pasta may offer a simple dietary approach to managing diabetic gastropathy.

Redox agents and N-ethylmaleimide affect protein polymerization during laboratory scale dry pasta production and cooking.

Science.gov (United States)

Bruneel, Charlotte; Buggenhout, Joke; Lagrain, Bert; Brijs, Kristof; Delcour, Jan A

2016-04-01

Durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) semolina gluten proteins consist of monomeric gliadin and polymeric glutenin and determine the quality of pasta products made therefrom. During pasta drying, glutenin starts polymerizing already below 60 °C (65% relative humidity (RH)), whereas gliadin only is incorporated in the protein network at temperatures exceeding 68 °C (68% RH) through thiol (SH)/disulfide (SS) exchange reactions. Removal of free SH groups in glutenin by adding 2.3 μmol KBrO3 or KIO3 per g dry matter semolina protein (g protein) or 13.8 μmol N-ethylmaleimide/g protein reduces gliadin-glutenin cross-linking during pasta drying and/or cooking and yields cooked pasta of high quality. Introducing free SH groups by adding 13.8 μmol glutathione/g protein increases gliadin-glutenin cross-linking during pasta processing, resulting in cooked pasta of lower quality. We hypothesize that too much gliadin incorporation in the glutenin network during pasta processing tightens the protein network and results in lower cooking quality. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Consumo de frutos secos y aceites vegetales en personas con diabetes mellitus tipo 1

OpenAIRE

Ferrer-García, Juan Carlos; Granell Vidal, Lina; Muñoz Izquierdo, Amparo; Sánchez Juan, Carlos

2015-01-01

Introducción: estudios recientes han demostrado los beneficios cardiovasculares de la dieta mediterránea enriquecida con aceite de oliva y frutos secos. Las personas con diabetes, que tienen un mayor riesgo de complicaciones cardiovasculares, podrían beneficiarse en gran medida de seguir ese tipo de patrón alimentario. Objetivos: análisis de la ingesta de grasas vegetales procedentes de frutos secos y aceites vegetales en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DM1). Métodos: estudio transver...

preescolares desnutridos con madres con obesidad y sin obesidad

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Viridiana Vanessa Conzuelo-González

2009-01-01

Full Text Available El primer objetivo fue conocer cuántos menores de cinco años con diferentes grados de desnutrición tienen una madre con sobrepeso/obesidad/ en una comunidad indígena que vive en extrema pobreza y bajo condiciones de migración masculina internacional. El segundo fue comparar tres variables socionutricionales (ingreso familiar, educación de la madre y adecuación nutrimental de la dieta diaria entre estos hogares y los hogares con desnutrición infantil y madres sin obesidad. Se realizó un estudio transversal (2006-2007, en la comunidad mazahua de San Francisco Tepeolulco, Municipio de Temascalcingo; que incluyó a 85 hogares integrados por preescolares con desnutrición inscritos al programa Oportunidades. Se determinó el estado nutrición de los preescolares con indicadores antropométricos y se obtuvo el IMC de las madres de estos infantes. Se aplicó una encuesta socionutricional, incluida el recordatorio de 24 horas, y complementado con la observación participante (cualitativa. Se encontró que 83% de las madres mazahuas presentaron sobrepeso u obesidad. El estado de nutrición de los preescolares con madres con obesidad presentó un porcentaje mayor de desnutrición (76%. En la variable género, se encontró que 54% de los niños con madres con obesidad tenía baja talla. Al relacionar el nivel educativo de la madre, esta variable resultó ser estadísticamente significativa (p=0.015, donde el analfabetismo está más relacionado con la desnutrición infantil que tienen madres de bajo y/o peso normal. La elevada prevalencia de hogares conformados con preescolares con desnutrición y madres con obesidad, es un síntoma más de la pobreza en zonas indígenas en México, con bajo índice de desarrollo humano.

Epilepsia e dieta cetogénica

OpenAIRE

Oliveira, Tiago Carvalheira Côrte-Real

2003-01-01

Resumo da tese: Aproximadamente 1 em cada 5 pessoas com epilepsia tem crises persistentes que não respondem ao tratamento farmacológico. A dieta cetogénica, introduzida por Wilder em 1921, continua a ser uma das terapias com maior eficácia no tratamento das crises epilépticas fármaco-ressistentes. É uma dieta rica em gordura e pobre em hidratos de carbono e proteína, desenhada com o objectivo de simular um jejum prolongado. Apesar de não ser conhecido o seu mecanismo de acção, acredita-se que...

Utilización del cobre en dietas hipograsas

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Aguirre, M.

1996-12-01

Full Text Available The objective of this study was to investigate both the dietary copper utilization and the body copper content in rats fed either low fat diets (2% or normal fat diets (8% containing olive oil, sunflower oil and palm oil (olein fraction, by two different balance techniques. Seven groups of Wistar rats were used. One group was killed on the first experimental day being utilized as control of initial body copper content. Six groups of rats were fed, over 15 days, semipurified diets varying only in the fat level, three of them containing 8% of fat, and the other three 2%. The overall copper balance was studied by calculating differences between the initial and final body copper content. During the last week, another copper balance was carried out by monitoring intake and faecal copper excretion. Body mass, and liver, spleen, skin, erythrocytes and serum copper contents were also examined. The copper utilization was lower in 2% fat rats, this was caused by food intake decrease but also by the lower copper bioavailability in 2% fat diets. The corporal, liver and spleen copper contents were reduced, and liver, skin and serum copper concentrations also decreased in the rats fed on 2% fat diets. Palm olein (8% versus olive and sunflower oil produced a lower efficiency of copper absorption.

Se propuso estudiar la influencia del consumo de dietas pobres en grasa a base de aceite de oliva, girasol o aceite de palma (fracción oleína sobre la utilización del cobre dietético por dos técnicas diferentes de balance, así como sobre sus contenidos corporales. Se utilizaron siete grupos de ratas Wistar, uno de ellos sacrificado el día primero del experimento, sirvió como control del contenido cúprico corporal inicial; seis grupos de ratas fueron alimentadas durante 15 días con dietas semisintéticas, tres de ellos con las grasas al 8% y los otros tres al 2%. En ellos se estudió el balance global del cobre mediante diferencia entre los

PASTA in Penicillin Binding Proteins and Serine/Threonine Kinases: A Recipe of Structural, Dynamic and Binding Properties.

Science.gov (United States)

Calvanese, Luisa; Falcigno, Lucia; Squeglia, Flavia; D'Auria, Gabriella; Berisio, Rita

2017-11-24

Penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) and Serine Threonine kinases (STPKs) are two classes of bacterial enzymes whose involvement in a series of vital processes in bacterial growth and division is well assessed. Many PBPs and STPKs show linked an ancillary domain named PASTA, whose functional role is not completely deciphered so far. It has been proposed that PASTAs are sensor modules that by binding opportune ligands (i.e. muropeptides) activate the cognate proteins to their functions. However, based on recent data, the sensor annotation sounds true for PASTA from STPKs, and false for PASTA from PBPs. Different PASTA domains, belonging or not to different protein classes, sharing or not appreciable sequence identities, always show identical folds. This survey of the structural, binding and dynamic properties of PASTA domains pursues the reasons why identical topologies may turn in different roles. Amino acid compositions, total charges and distribution of the hydrophobic/hydrophilic patches on the surface, significantly vary among PASTAs from STPKs and PBPs and appear to correlate with different functions. A possible criterion to discriminate between PASTA modules of STPKs or PBPs solely based on their sequences is proposed. Possibly reflecting different species as well as functional roles and evolutionary profile, our routine represents a fast even though approximate method to distinguish between PASTA belonging to different classes. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.org.

Multi-isotopic signatures of organic and conventional Italian pasta along the production chain

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bontempo, L.; Camin, F.; Paolini, M.

2016-01-01

The variability of stable isotope ratios (δ2H, δ13C, δ15N, δ18O and δ34S) along the production chain of pasta (durum wheat, flour and pasta) produced by using both conventional and organic farming systems in four Italian regions in 2 years was investigated. The aim was to evaluate if and how...... control procedures that can be used to check the geographical origin of Italian organic and conventional pasta and its raw materials....

Dieta de roedores sigmodontinos (Cricetidae en los bosques montanos tropicales de Huánuco, Perú

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Maggie C. Noblecilla

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Se analizó el contenido estomacal de cinco especies de roedores sigmodontinos: Akodon orophilus, Microry-zomys altissimus, M. minutus, Thomasomys notatus yT. kalinowskii, procedentes de los bosques montanos de Huánuco, Perú (2564 - 3850 m de altitud. Concluimos que A. orophiluses insectívora por haber presentado un alto volumen de artrópodos (adultos y larvas en el contenido estomacal (90,1%; mientras que T. notatusy T. kalinowskiison principalmente herbívoras por el alto volumen de materia vegetal, 89% y 67,75% respectiva-mente; y que M. altissimusy M. minutusson omnívoras por presentar volúmenes similares tanto para vegetales como para artrópodos. Thomasomys kalinowskiies considerada generalista por la mayor amplitud de nicho (4,61, mientras A. orophiluses considerada especialista por el menor valor (1,70. Akodon orophilusmostró una preferencia por el consumo de artrópodos adultos al tener un bajo coeficiente de variación (CV= 20% y también un significativo aumento en el consumo de larvas de artrópodos en la época húmeda, siendo la única especie con variación estacional en la dieta. Por otro lado, la sobreposición de nicho fue menor a 0,75 en el 80% de los pares de especies comparados, indicando una baja similitud en la dieta. La mayor similitud en la dieta se observó entre M. altissimus- T. notatus(0,822 y M. minutus - T. kalinowskii(0,816. Se concluye que estos roedores sigmodontinos, simpátricos en los bosques montanos de Huánuco, exhiben dietas disímiles, probablemente como una estrategia para evitar o aminorar la competencia interespecífica.

Una propuesta de dieta digital: repensando el consumo mediático en la era de la hiperconectividad

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Javier SERRANO PUCHE

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Uno de los elementos característicos del escenario comunicativo actual es la sobreabundancia informativa. Constituye un rasgo distintivo de nuestra era, junto con la cultura de la velocidad. La creciente implantación de las tecnologías digitales y la generalización entre los ciudadanos de los dispositivos móviles con acceso a Internet han propiciado, por otra parte, que se extienda la idea de que la ‘conectividad total’ es un estado, no sólo técnicamente realizable, sino incluso deseable. Todo ello converge en una situación en la que el ciudadano medio ha de enfrentarse a una ingente cantidad de información. Corre el riesgo de que su consumo mediático derive en “obesidad informativa”, por su incapacidad para digerir tanta información, a menudo de escasa calidad y que le llega de manera incesante. Frente a ello, en esta investigación se defiende la propuesta de adoptar una “dieta digital”. Dentro del marco teórico de la “comunicación slow”, se exponen aquí algunos hábitos interesantes para lograr un buen consumo mediático y se concluye que la ‘dieta digital’ constituye una práctica recomendable en el contexto de la alfabetización mediática.

76 FR 77204 - Certain Pasta From Italy: Notice of Partial Rescission of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review

Science.gov (United States)

2011-12-12

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [A-475-818] Certain Pasta From Italy... pasta from Italy.\\1\\ Pursuant to requests from interested parties, the Department published in the.... & C. (``P.A.P.''), Premiato Pastificio Afeltra S.r.L. (``Afeltra''), Pasta Lensi S.r.l. (``Lensi...

78 FR 20091 - Certain Pasta From Italy: Notice of Partial Rescission of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review

Science.gov (United States)

2013-04-03

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [A-475-818] Certain Pasta From Italy... request an administrative review of the antidumping duty order on certain pasta from Italy.\\1\\ Pursuant to....A. (Delverde), Industria Alimentare Colavita, S.p.A. (Indalco), Pasta Lensi S.r.L. (Lensi...

76 FR 71311 - Certain Pasta From Italy: Notice of Partial Rescission of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review

Science.gov (United States)

2011-11-17

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [A-475-818] Certain Pasta From Italy... review of the antidumping duty order on certain pasta from Italy.\\1\\ Pursuant to requests from interested... antidumping duty administrative review with respect to Pastificio Attilio Mastromauro-Pasta Granoro S.r.L...

75 FR 6352 - Certain Pasta from Italy: Notice of Final Results of the Twelfth Administrative Review

Science.gov (United States)

2010-02-09

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [A-475-818] Certain Pasta from Italy... antidumping duty order on certain pasta from Italy. The review covers ten manufacturers/exporters: Domenico...), Pasta Lensi (Lensi), Pastificio Fratelli Pagani S.p.A. (Pagani), Pastificio Labor S.r.L. (Labor...

76 FR 64897 - Certain Pasta From Italy: Notice of Partial Rescission of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review

Science.gov (United States)

2011-10-19

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [A-475-818] Certain Pasta From Italy... to request an administrative review of the antidumping duty order on certain pasta from Italy.\\1....P.''), Premiato Pastificio Afeltra S.r.L. (``Afeltra''), Pasta Lensi S.r.l. (``Lensi''), Pastaficio...

EFECTO DEL SUSTRATO, SOBRE LA ACTIVIDAD ACETOGÉNICA IN VITRO DE Ruminococcus schinkii EN INTERACCIÓN CON HONGOS DEL RUMEN

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Miramontes Carrillo JM

2011-01-01

Full Text Available La acetogénesis es una alternativa para inhibir el metano del rumen. Se evalúo el efecto del sustrato, sobre la actividad acetogénica de Ruminococcus schinkii con hongos. Se cultivaron bajo anaerobiosis forrajes molidos en medios más hongos y acetogénicas. Se formaron siete grupos de 24 botellas con medio, sustrato y 2-ABS. Seis grupos tuvieron esporas de hongos y acetogénicas. Tres grupos con forraje, sin microorganismos, fueron blancos. El diseño fue factorial 3x2x6; A=3 forrajes; B= hongos y hongo más acetogénica y C=6 tiempos de incubación. Cada tratamiento se realizó con cuatro repeticiones en tres periodos. El sustrato afectó DMS, la producción de azúcares reductores y pH (p<0.0001 por la actividad acetogénica y hongos. DMS del maíz y sorgo fue mayor que la alfalfa. La alfalfa produjo más azúcares reductores. El acetato no fue afec- tada por los sustratos (p=0.3417, pero el pH presenta diferencias. Factor microorganismos presenta efectos por los sustratos. La actividad acetogénica mayor en cocultivo con hongos y bacterias (p<0.0001. El tiempo de incubación afectó todas las variables. DMS para el maíz fue mayor a las 96 h, el sorgo 144 y alfalfa 124 (p<0.0001. El acetato fue mayor para todos los sustratos a las 120 h (p<0.0001, producción de azúcares fue mayor para todos los sustratos a las 144 h (p<0.0001 y pH a las 0 h para todos los sustratos (p<0.0001. La capacidad de los hongos para degradar las vegetales se potencializa en interacción con acetogénicas, permi- te una mayor DMS, una mayor producción de acetato y una inhibición de la metanogénesis.

Desempenho e qualidade do ovo de codornas japonesas alimentadas com rações contendo sorgo Performance and egg quality of laying Japanese quails fed rations with different sorghum levels

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adolpho Marlon Antoniol de Moura

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar o desempenho e a qualidade dos ovos de codornas japonesas (Coturnix japonica alimentadas com rações cotendo sorgo de baixo tanino em substituição ao milho. Foram utilizadas 210 codornas japonesas fêmeas com 65 dias de idade, distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco rações experimentais (0; 25; 50; 75 e 100% de sorgo em substituição ao milho e seis repetições de sete aves. No experimento, cuja duração foi de 112 dias, não houve efeito significativo dos níveis de sorgo nas rações sobre nenhuma das características de produção. Com aumento dos níveis de sorgo na ração, houve redução linear da cor da gema e do custo da ração. O sorgo de baixo tanino pode substituir totalmente o milho em rações para codornas japonesas em postura.The aim of this study was to evaluate performance and egg quality of Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica fed rations with low-tannin sorghum replacing corn. Two hundred and ten 65-d female Japanese quails were distributed in a complete random design with five experimental rations (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% replacement of corn by sorghum and six replicates with seven birds. There was no significant effect of sorghum levels in the diets on any of the production characteristics in this experiment, which lasted for 112 days. As the levels of sorghum in the ration increased, yolk color and ration cost were reduced. Low-tannin sorghum can completely replace corn in rations for laying Japanese quails.

77 FR 53909 - Certain Pasta From Italy and Turkey; Institution of Five-year Reviews Concerning the...

Science.gov (United States)

2012-09-04

...)] Certain Pasta From Italy and Turkey; Institution of Five-year Reviews Concerning the Countervailing and Antidumping Duty Orders on Certain Pasta From Italy and Turkey AGENCY: United States International Trade... revocation of the countervailing and antidumping duty orders on certain pasta from Italy and Turkey would be...

77 FR 7129 - Certain Pasta From Italy: Final Results of the 2009 Countervailing Duty Administrative Review

Science.gov (United States)

2012-02-10

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [C-475-819] Certain Pasta From Italy... review of the countervailing duty order on certain pasta from Italy for the period January 1, 2009... preliminary results of this review. See Certain Pasta From Italy: Preliminary Results of the 14th (2009...

78 FR 49256 - Certain Pasta From Italy: Preliminary Results of the Countervailing Duty Administrative Review; 2011

Science.gov (United States)

2013-08-13

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [C-475-819] Certain Pasta From Italy...'') is conducting an administrative review of the countervailing duty order on certain pasta from Italy... The scope of the order consists of certain pasta from Italy. The merchandise subject to the order is...

78 FR 57129 - Certain Pasta From Italy and Turkey: Continuation of Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Orders

Science.gov (United States)

2013-09-17

...-806] Certain Pasta From Italy and Turkey: Continuation of Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Orders... antidumping duty (AD) orders on certain pasta from Italy and Turkey would likely lead to continuation or recurrence of dumping, that revocation of the countervailing duty (CVD) orders on certain pasta from Italy...

PASTA repeats of the protein kinase StkP interconnect cell constriction and separation of Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Science.gov (United States)

Zucchini, Laure; Mercy, Chryslène; Garcia, Pierre Simon; Cluzel, Caroline; Gueguen-Chaignon, Virginie; Galisson, Frédéric; Freton, Céline; Guiral, Sébastien; Brochier-Armanet, Céline; Gouet, Patrice; Grangeasse, Christophe

2018-02-01

Eukaryotic-like serine/threonine kinases (eSTKs) with extracellular PASTA repeats are key membrane regulators of bacterial cell division. How PASTA repeats govern eSTK activation and function remains elusive. Using evolution- and structural-guided approaches combined with cell imaging, we disentangle the role of each PASTA repeat of the eSTK StkP from Streptococcus pneumoniae. While the three membrane-proximal PASTA repeats behave as interchangeable modules required for the activation of StkP independently of cell wall binding, they also control the septal cell wall thickness. In contrast, the fourth and membrane-distal PASTA repeat directs StkP localization at the division septum and encompasses a specific motif that is critical for final cell separation through interaction with the cell wall hydrolase LytB. We propose a model in which the extracellular four-PASTA domain of StkP plays a dual function in interconnecting the phosphorylation of StkP endogenous targets along with septal cell wall remodelling to allow cell division of the pneumococcus.

In vitro dialyzability of essential minerals from white and whole grain pasta.

Science.gov (United States)

Vignola, María Belén; Bustos, Mariela Cecilia; Pérez, Gabriela Teresa

2018-11-01

The aim of the present investigation was to study the in vitro mineral dialyzability of pasta made with white and whole-grain flours obtained from two genotypes (Klein Guerrero and Baguette Premium 11) with different mineral contents. Pasta samples were made from white flour (FP), and whole grain flour from cyclonic mill (WFAP) and blade mill (WFBP). Mineral content and in vitro digestion were determined on all samples to study starch variation and mineral dialyzability. Whole-grain pasta contained significantly higher amounts of minerals than FP, since bran and embryo are richer in minerals than endosperm. In addition to the low content of mineral composition observed in FP, the dialyzability of some minerals (Cu, Fe, Mg and Zn) was higher than whole-grain pasta even when the percentage of starch hydrolyzed after intestinal digestion was higher than FP. These results can also be useful for developing wheat-based products rich in the desired minerals. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

76 FR 76937 - Certain Pasta From Italy: Notice of Final Results of the Fourteenth Antidumping Duty...

Science.gov (United States)

2011-12-09

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [A-475-818] Certain Pasta From Italy... review for the antidumping duty order on certain pasta from Italy.\\1\\ The review covers two manufacturers... (``POR'') is July 1, 2009, through June 30, 2010. \\1\\ See Certain Pasta from Italy: Notice of Preliminary...

76 FR 27634 - Certain Pasta From Italy: Final Results of Countervailing Duty Changed Circumstances Review and...

Science.gov (United States)

2011-05-12

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [C-475-819] Certain Pasta From Italy... and intent to revoke, in part, the countervailing duty (``CVD'') order on certain pasta from Italy.\\1\\ We are now revoking this order, in part, with regard to gluten-free pasta, as described in the...

Dietary fatty acids and lipoproteins on progression of age-related macular degeneration; Efecto de los ácidos grasos y lipoproteínas de la dieta sobre la progresión de la degeneración macular relacionada con la edad

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Montserrat-de la Paz, S.; Naranjo, M.C.; Bermúdez, B.; López, S.; Abia, R.; Muriana, F.J.G.

2017-07-01

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a medical condition of central loss vision and blindness. Numerous studies have revealed that changes on certain dietary fatty acids (FAs) could have useful for AMD management. This review summarizes the effects of dietary omega-3 long-chain PUFAs, MUFAs, and SFAs, and lipoproteins on AMD. Findings are consistent with the beneficial role of dietary omega-3 long-chain PUFAs, while the effects of dietary MUFAs and SFAs appeared to be ambiguous with respect to the possible protection from MUFAs and to the possible adverse impact from SFAs on AMD. Some of the pathological mechanisms associated with lipoproteins on AMD share those observed previously in cardiovascular diseases. It was also noticed that the effects of FAs in the diet and lipoprotein on AMD could be modulated by genetic variants. From a population health perspective, the findings of this review are in favour of omega-3 long-chain FAs recommendations in a preventive and therapeutic regimen to attain lower AMD occurrence and progression rates. Additional long-term and short-term nutrigenomic studies are required to clearly establish the role and the relevance of interaction of dietary FAs, lipoproteins, and genes in the genesis and progression of AMD. [Spanish] La degeneración macular asociada a la edad (DMAE) es una condición patológica caracterizada por pérdida de visión central y ceguera. Numerosos estudios han revelado que ciertos cambios en los ácidos grasos de la dieta podrían tener efectos beneficiosos en el manejo de la DMAE. En esta revisión se recogen los efectos de los ácidos grasos de la dieta poliinsaturados omega-3, monoinsaturados y saturados, y de las lipoproteínas en la DMAE. La literatura es consistente en el papel beneficioso de los ácidos grasos polinsaturados omega-3 de cadena larga, mientras que se muestra ambigua con los efectos de los ácidos grasos monoinsaturados y saturados de la dieta, respecto al posible papel protector de los

Amino Acid Composition of Protein-Enriched Dried Pasta: Is It Suitable for a Low-Carbohydrate Diet?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rajko Vidrih

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Today, obesity is one of the major health problems, a so-called epidemic of the developed world. Obesity arises through an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure, so it is important for products to have a balanced nutritional composition. The aim of this study is to prepare high-protein pasta with high nutritional quality, with emphasis on its amino acid composition, as ordinary durum pasta lacks lysine and threonine. Ordinary durum wheat pasta contains, on average, 77 % carbohydrate, and can have even less than 10 % protein. It is therefore oft en excluded from normal energy-restricted diets, and especially from low-carbohydrate diets. In this study pasta that can satisfy the nutritional requirements of a low-carbohydrate diet and is suitable for daily use was developed and evaluated. Protein-enhanced pasta was produced by adding high amounts of plant protein extract (40 % dry matter without (plain high-protein pasta or with 3 % dried spinach powder (high-protein spinach pasta to durum wheat semolina. According to the sensory analysis data, the addition of 40 % of plant protein extract satisfied sensory and nutritional requirements, allowing further development and evaluation for possible marketing. This analysis shows that these high-protein neutral and spinach pasta contain 36.4 and 39.6 g of protein per 100 g of dry mass, 12.07 and 14.70 g of total essential amino acids per 100 g of dry mass, and a high content of branched-chain amino acids, i.e. 5.54 and 6.65 g per 100 g of dry mass, respectively. This therefore represents a true alternative to durum wheat pasta for low-carbohydrate diets.

PROXIMATE COMPOSITION AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DRY PASTA INCORPORATED WITH MICRONIZED CORN PERICARP

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JOÃO RENATO DE JESUS JUNQUEIRA

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Pastas are generally accepted all over the world, mainly because they are versatile, cheap and easy - to - prepare. They are not nutritionally balanced, since they provide mainly carbohydrates. As a result of this, it is important to use ingredients which could improve the nutritional deficiencies, without affecting the technological and sensorial characteristics. This study evaluated the effect of using wheat semolina and micronized corn pericarp (MCP, on the proximate composition, cooking quality and color of spaghetti type pasta. Spaghetti pasta was produced using wheat semolina with the incorporation of micronized corn pericarp, at levels of 0, 10, 20 and 30%. There were no significant differences (p > 0.05 between the formulated samples with regards to the contents of moisture and lipid, cooking time, weight gain and volume increase. As observed, supplementation with micronized corn pericarp presented significant difference on the contents of proteins, minerals, dietary fiber and solid soluble loss of the spaghetti pasta (p < 0.05. With increase in micronized corn pericarp concentration, the color difference became accentuated. The use of MCP appears to be viable, providing a nutritionally enriched product without further impairment on pasta quality.

Efecto del aceite esencial de orégano sobre el desempeño productivo de ponedoras y la estabilidad oxidativa de huevos enriquecidos con ácidos grasos poliinsaturados

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

R. E. Ortiz

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Este estudio evaluó la inclusión de aceite esencial de orégano (AEO, Lippia origanoides Kunth en dietas enriquecidas con ácidos grasos poliinsaturados (AGPI sobre el desempeño productivo de ponedoras, el perfil lipídico y la estabilidad oxidativa de huevos en almacenamiento. Se distribuyeron 144 ponedoras en uno de cuatro tratamientos con seis replicas, con el objetivo de de evaluar el efecto del tipo de aceite usado en la dieta (palma o pescado y la inclusión de AEO sobre las variables de producción, junto con el extracto etéreo, perfil de lípidos y concentración de malonaldehído (MDA, usando un diseño completamente al azar con arreglo factorial y medidas repetidas en el tiempo por los días de almacenamiento (0, 30 y 60 días a 4°C. Los resultados mostraron que el tipo de aceite y el AEO no afectaron el desempeño productivo de las ponedoras (P > 0,05. La concentración de AGPI se incrementó en 16,8% en dietas con aceite de pescado en las que el DHA (ácido docosahexaenoico también aumentó en un 1,4% (P < 0,05, incrementando la concentración de MDA (malonaldehído en el huevo (41,6 ng MDA/g d yema, mientras que la suplementación de AEO con 100 g/ton mejoró la estabilidad oxidativa durante el almacenamiento (31.1 ng MDA/g de yema. Durante el almacenamiento la concentración de MDA en la yema incremento con el tiempo alcanzando los 38 ng MDA/g de yema a los 60 días. El AEO mostró potencial como antioxidante natural en la dieta de las ponedoras mejorando la estabilidad oxidativa de los huevos almacenados a 4°C hasta por 60 días.

Aditivos para hormigones, morteros y pastas

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Gaspar Tebar, Demetrio

1984-09-01

Full Text Available This article comments on the increasing importance of the use of admixtures for concrete, mortars and grouts as well as the specific effects they produce, thus requiring a suitable Spanish Normative, whose performance was taken in charge by a Working Group of the Technical Commission n.° 83 from the IRANOR, created for this purpose. This article is first of a series which intends to give an account of the works, on the Normative of those additives, the Working Group is carrying out.

En el presente artículo se comenta la importancia que ha adquirido el empleo de los aditivos para hormigones, morteros y pastas, así como las modificaciones y efectos específicos que producen, lo que ha motivado la necesidad de contar con una normativa española apropiada, cuya realización se encomendó a un Grupo de Trabajo, creado al efecto, de la Comisión Técnica n.º 83 del IRANOR. Este artículo es el primero de una serie en la que se pretende dar cuenta de los trabajos que sobre normativa de los mencionados aditivos se viene realizando por dicho Grupo de Trabajo.

Dieta Cetogénica - Abordagem Nutricional

OpenAIRE

Vasconcelos, Carla

2014-01-01

A dieta cetogénica, proposta por Wilder em 1921, é um tratamento não farmacológico utilizado na epilepsia refratária à terapêutica anti-epiléptica em indivíduos com esta patologia, essencialmente crianças. Caracteriza-se por uma dieta rica em gordura e pobre em hidratos de carbono, com o fim de simular o estado de jejum prolongado. O seu mecanismo de acção não está completamente desvendado, porém são evidentes os efeitos anti-epilépticos observados. Cerca de um terço a metade dos doentes trat...

Avaliação de sete genótipos de sorgo (Sorghum bicolor (L. Moench para produção de silagem. III- Valor nutricional

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Rocha Jr. V.R.

2000-01-01

Full Text Available Foram estudadas a digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca (DIVMS, a proteína bruta e os componentes da parede celular de sete genótipos de sorgo de diferentes portes e suculência do colmo para produção de silagem. A colheita do material a ser ensilado foi realizada durante o estádio de grão leitoso/pastoso, com 102 dias de idade. Na ensilagem utilizaram-se silos de laboratório, feitos de PVC. Os silos foram abertos após 7, 14, 28 e 56 dias de fermentação. O teor de PB oscilou de 4,8 a 9,1% entre os diferentes tipos de sorgo. A altura da planta não retratou a proporção de grãos e principalmente a digestibilidade do material, já que os dois sorgos de porte médio apresentaram as mais altas porcentagens de panícula e os menores valores de DIVMS. A correlação entre DIVMS e porcentagem de folhas foi positiva e entre DIVMS e componentes da parede celular foi negativa.

Pasta structures in neutron stars

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gupta, Neha; Shabnam, I.S.; Arumugam, P.

2011-01-01

A neutron star (NS) is a stellar remnant, a super-compressed object left over when stars with a mass between 1.4 and about 3 times the mass of our Sun exhaust their nuclear fuel and collapse inwards. The result of such an implosion is a condensed sphere of matter about 10 km across. The outer layer of the of NS, with density less than the nuclear saturation density, represent different challenges and observational opportunities like thermal evolution, X-ray burst, glitches and the very important core-crust transition region. At this density, nucleons are correlated at short distances by attractive strong interactions, they are anti-correlated at large distances because of the Coulomb repulsion. Competition among short- and long-range interactions (i.e., frustration) leads to the development of complex and exotic nuclear shapes, such as sphere, bubbles, rods, slabs and tubes. The term 'pasta phases' has been coined to describe these complex structures. In this work the nuclear pasta phases using different mean-field models along with a droplet model has been studied

Succinea peruviana (Gastropoda en la dieta de la lagartija de las Lomas Microlophus tigris (Sauria en la Reserva Nacional de Lachay, Lima, Perú

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José Pérez Z.

2013-03-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo informa de la presencia del caracol Succinea peruviana en la dieta de la lagartija de las Lomas Microlophus tigris, la misma que habita el mesohábitat de Lomas con árboles en la Reserva Nacional de Lachay. Este es el primer informe del consumo de caracoles por lagartijas del Desierto Costero Peruano

Influence of extrusion-cooking parameters on some quality aspects of precooked pasta-like products.

Science.gov (United States)

Wójtowicz, A; Mościcki, L

2009-06-01

The present article aims to evaluate some quality parameters and texture characteristics of precooked wheat pasta-like products. Using the methods for pasta and instant noodles the tested parameters were water absorption, starch gelatinization degree, cooking losses, and hardness. The texture profile was characterized using Zwick apparatus by cutting test with the head speed of 10 mm/min and expressed as hardness and firmness of hydrated products. SEM pictures were used to illustrate the internal structure of dry and cooked pasta-like products. Dough moisture content and process conditions influenced all tested quality parameters of the pasta-like products processed on a modified single screw extrusion-cooker TS-45 with L: D = 16: 1. Good organoleptical quality (notes higher than 4 in a 5-point scale) and firm texture were observed for common wheat flour pasta processed at 30% m.c. Hardness and firmness of hydrated products lowered with a longer hydration time in hot water. The firmest texture and low stickiness was observed for products with a highest starch gelatinization degree.

Micronised bran-enriched fresh egg tagliatelle: Significance of gums addition on pasta technological features.

Science.gov (United States)

Martín-Esparza, M E; Raga, A; González-Martínez, C; Albors, A

2018-06-01

The aim of the work was to produce fibre-enriched fresh pasta based on micronised wheat bran and durum wheat semolina with appropriate techno-functional properties. Wheat semolina was replaced with fine particle size (50% below 75 µm) wheat bran - up to 11.54% (w/w). A Box-Behnken design with randomised response surface methodology was used to determine a suitable combination of carboxymethylcellulose, xanthan gum and locust bean gum to improve pasta attributes: minimum cooking loss, maximum values for water gain and swelling index, as well as better colour and texture characteristics before and after cooking. The proximate chemical composition of wheat semolina and bran was determined and the microstructure of uncooked pasta was observed as well. From the response surface methodology analysis, it is recommended to use: (i) xanthan gum over 0.6% w/w as it led to bran-enriched pasta with a better developed structure and superior cooking behaviour, (ii) a combination of xanthan gum (0.8% w/w) and carboxymethylcellulose (over 0.6% w/w) to enhance uncooked pasta yellowness.

Reproducción y dieta de una población de Mabuya dorsivittata (Squamata, Scincidae en Córdoba, Argentina

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Liliana Aun

2011-06-01

Full Text Available En el presente trabajo fueron estudiados los aspectos reproductivos y la dieta de Mabuya dorsivittata, una especie de lagarto vivíparo de la localidad de Alto Alegre (Córdoba. La hembra de menor tamaño, con folículos yemados midió de LHC 41 mm. El tamaño de la camada varió entre 5 – 10 embriones por hembra. Los machos de menor tamaño con espermatozoos en los testículos midieron de LHC 31 mm. Hubo una correlación positiva y significativa entre el peso de las gónadas versus el estadio reproductivo (b= 0,524, R= 0,254, P< 0,001. En los machos hubo una correlación positiva y significativa entre el volumen testicular y el estadio reproductivo (R2= 0,851, b= 0,929, P< 0,002. El incremento de cuerpos grasos en hembras y machos se relacionó con el periodo de gestación, especialmente en las hembras, decreciendo en las últimas fases, indicando un costo energético alto en los últimos meses del crecimiento embrionario. En cuanto a la dieta, las hembras se alimentaron principalmente de Araneae (suelo como ítem fundamental, y de Scarabeidae, Araneae (otras y Acridiidae como ítem secundario y los machos se alimentaran de Isopoda, Acridiidae y Araneae (otras como ítem fundamental y de Tettigonidae como ítem secundario. Hubo diferencias significativas en la selección trófica entre sexos.

Inclusión de harina de raíz de yuca en la dieta de pollos camperos K-53

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hector Hermida

Full Text Available Se utilizaron 300 pollos camperos machos (de 21 días de edad, del genotipo K-53, con el objetivo de evaluar el efecto de la inclusión de harina de raíz de yuca (Manihot esculenta Crantz en el pienso, sobre el comportamiento productivo; así como valorar la estabilidad sanitaria del alimento fabricado. El diseño fue completamente aleatorizado, con tres tratamientos (0, 20 y 40 % de inclusión de harina de raíz de yuca y cinco repeticiones (representadas por cuartones con 20 pollos camperos cada uno. Para el análisis microbiológico del alimento se tomaron muestras a los 14, 28 y 42 días de elaboradas las dietas. La viabilidad fue de 100 % en los tres tratamientos; el peso vivo de los animales a los 63 días (1 957, 2 015 y 1 941 g y el consumo de alimento no difirieron entre los tratamientos; sin embargo, la inclusión del 20 % de harina de raíz de yuca mejoró significativamente la conversión alimentaria. Asimismo, la inclusión de 20 y 40 % de harina de raíz de yuca produjo un mayor rendimiento en canal, pero no hubo diferencias significativas entre los tratamientos en el rendimiento en pechuga y muslo con encuentro. Se demostró que la inclusión de hasta un 40 % de harina de raíz de yuca en el pienso no afectó el consumo ni el comportamiento productivo de pollos camperos machos K-53; mientras que las dietas de hasta 42 días de elaboradas mantuvieron estabilidad en sus indicadores sanitarios y microbiológicos.

El trayecto de la adolescente en el puerperio: amenazas, peligros y acciones de protección durante la “dieta”

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Marta Lucia Vásquez T.

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Entender las costumbres, los valores y los mitos asociados a la “Dieta”, término con el que las adolescentes se refieren al posparto en Colombia, permite anticiparse para ofrecer un cuidado culturalmente congruente a este grupo. Con ese propósito se entrevistaron a 16 adolescentes en dos ciudades principales utilizando etnografía focalizada. Los conceptos y las prácticas de las jóvenes presentan un considerable contraste con aquellos promovidos por el modelo médico de la medicina occidental. Un aspecto que transita en casi todas las practicas entre las adolescentes, es el mantenimiento del balance calor y frío dentro de su cuerpo y con el medio ambiente. El descubrimiento cultural de parte de las enfermeras permite renovar la práctica profesional promoviendo la sensibilidad en los cuidados.

Optimization of food materials for development of nutritious pasta utilizing groundnut meal and beetroot.

Science.gov (United States)

Mridula, D; Gupta, R K; Bhadwal, Sheetal; Khaira, Harjot; Tyagi, S K

2016-04-01

Present study was undertaken to optimize the level of food materials viz. groundnut meal, beetroot juice and refined wheat flour for development of nutritious pasta using response surface methodology. Box-benken design of experiments was used to design different experimental combinations considering 10 to 20 g groundnut meal, 6 to 18 mL beetroot juice and 80 to 90 g refined wheat flour. Quality attributes such as protein content, antioxidant activity, colour, cooking quality (solid loss, rehydration ratio and cooking time) and sensory acceptability of pasta samples were the dependent variables for the study. The results revealed that pasta samples with higher levels of groundnut meal and beetroot juice were high in antioxidant activity and overall sensory acceptability. The samples with higher content of groundnut meal indicated higher protein contents in them. On the other hand, the samples with higher beetroot juice content were high in rehydration ratio and lesser cooking time along with low solid loss in cooking water. The different level of studied food materials significantly affected the colour quality of pasta samples. Optimized combination for development of nutritious pasta consisted of 20 g groundnut meal, 18 mL beetroot juice and 83.49 g refined wheat flour with overall desirability as 0.905. This pasta sample required 5.5 min to cook and showed 1.37 % solid loss and rehydration ratio as 6.28. Pasta sample prepared following optimized formulation provided 19.56 % protein content, 23.95 % antioxidant activity and 125.89 mg/100 g total phenols with overall sensory acceptability scores 8.71.

Dieta de Odocoileus virginianus (Artiodactyla: Cervidae en un bosque templado del norte de Oaxaca: México

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Graciela González

2012-03-01

Full Text Available La región de la Sierra Madre de Oaxaca, ubicada al norte del estado de Oaxaca, México, es una zona de ecosistemas con alta actividad forestal; en algunas áreas sus bosques templados son conservados por iniciativas de las comunidades indígenas que ahí habitan. Dentro de estos bosques, se analizó la dieta del venado cola blanca (Odocoileus virginianus en San Miguel Amatlán y Santa Catarina Lachatao entre junio 1998 y agosto 1999. Se utilizó el análisis microhistológico de heces fecales, la observación de rastros de ramoneo en plantas y el análisis de contenidos estomacales. La dieta anual estuvo constituida por 42 especies de 23 familias vegetales. Las familias con el mayor número de especies fueron: Fagaceae, Asteraceae, Ericaceae y Fabaceae. La diversidad de la dieta durante la estación húmeda y seca no presentó diferencias significativas (H’= 0.918 y H’=0.867 respectivamente. El porcentaje de similitud entre ambas temporadas fue de 58%. La diferencia entre la frecuencia de aparición de las especies vegetales fue mayor en la estación húmeda. Del total de especies consumidas, el mayor porcentaje estuvo constituido por las herbáceas. Las especies preferidas a lo largo del año fueron: Sedum dendroideum (herbácea y Satureja macrostema (arbusto. La riqueza de especies en la dieta fue menor a la observada en otras regiones con bosques tropicales y bosques mixtos, pero similar a la obtenida en un bosque tropical seco en Costa Rica y en los bosques de coníferas en Estados Unidos.Odocoileus virginianus diet (Artiodactyla: Cervidae in a temperate forest of Northern Oaxaca, Mexico. The Sierra Madre de Oaxaca region, located in the Northern state of Oaxaca, Mexico, is an area of forest ecosystems subject to high exploitation rates, although in some areas its temperate forests are conserved by indigenous community initiatives that live there. We analyzed the diet of white tailed-deer (Odocoileus virginianus in the localities of

Desempenho produtivo de vacas da raça Gir leiteira em confinamento alimentadas com níveis de concentrado e proteína bruta nas dietas Productive performance of dairy Gyr cows in feedlot fed levels of concentrate and crude protein in diets

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rafael Monteiro Araújo Teixeira

2010-11-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de níveis crescentes de concentrado e de proteína bruta em dietas sendo avaliadoo consumo de matéria seca e de nutrientes, coeficientes de digestibilidades, produção e composição do leite e eficiência de utilização de alimentos. Vinte vacas em lactação foram distribuídas em delineamento em blocos casualizados, com cinco repetições por dieta, definidas conforme a produção de leite. As dietas experimentais foram constituídas de silagem de sorgo como volumoso e concentrado nos níveis de 11,7; 23,3; 35,2; e 46,8%, com quatro níveis de proteína bruta (PB (11,0; 12,0; 14,0; e 16,0%, com base da MS da dieta. Aumentos nos níveis de concentrado e de proteína bruta levaram a maior aumento no consumo de matéria seca total. O coeficiente de digestibilidade da proteína bruta foi influenciado pelos maiores níveis de concentrado e proteína bruta da dieta. A produção de leite foi maior nas vacas alimentadas com as dietas com maior nível de concentrado e PB, mas não diferiu entre as vacas que receberam as dietas intermediárias. Para vacas Gir linhagem leiteira mantidas nas condições desta pesquisa, níveis de 23,3% de concentrado e 12,0% de proteína bruta na dieta proporcionam melhor resposta produtiva.The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of increasing levels of concentrate and crude protein in the diets, in which intakes of dry matter and nutrients, coefficients of digestibility, milk production and composition and efficiency of food use were evaluated. Twenty cows in lactation were distributed in a random block design, with five replicates per diet, defined according to milk production. The experimental diets were constituted of sorghum silage as roughage and concentrate at the following levels: 11.7; 23.3; 35.2 and 46.8% with four levels of crude protein (CP (11.0; 12.0; 14.0 and 16.0% on diet dry matter basis. Increases in the levels of concentrate and crude protein caused a

Solitons as candidates for energy carriers in Fermi-Pasta-Ulam lattices

Science.gov (United States)

Ming, Yi; Ye, Liu; Chen, Han-Shuang; Mao, Shi-Feng; Li, Hui-Min; Ding, Ze-Jun

2018-01-01

Currently, effective phonons (renormalized or interacting phonons) rather than solitary waves (for short, solitons) are regarded as the energy carriers in nonlinear lattices. In this work, by using the approximate soliton solutions of the corresponding equations of motion and adopting the Boltzmann distribution for these solitons, the average velocities of solitons are obtained and are compared with the sound velocities of energy transfer. Excellent agreements with the numerical results and the predictions of other existing theories are shown in both the symmetric Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-β lattices and the asymmetric Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-α β lattices. These clearly indicate that solitons are suitable candidates for energy carriers in Fermi-Pasta-Ulam lattices. In addition, the root-mean-square velocity of solitons can be obtained from the effective phonons theory.

76 FR 20312 - Certain Pasta From Turkey: Extension of Time Limit for the Preliminary Results of Antidumping...

Science.gov (United States)

2011-04-12

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [A-489-805] Certain Pasta From Turkey..., the Department published in the Federal Register the antidumping duty order on certain pasta from... Value: Certain Pasta From Turkey, 61 FR 38545 (July 24, 1996). On July 1, 2010, we published in the...

78 FR 693 - Certain Pasta From Italy: Final Results of the Expedited Third Sunset Review of the...

Science.gov (United States)

2013-01-04

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [C-475-819] Certain Pasta From Italy... Sunset Review of the countervailing duty order on certain pasta from Italy. The Department finds that... pasta from Italy was published on July 24, 1996. See Notice of Countervailing Duty Order and Amended...

77 FR 46694 - Certain Pasta From Turkey: Notice of Preliminary Results of the 2010-2011 Antidumping Duty...

Science.gov (United States)

2012-08-06

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [A-489-805] Certain Pasta From Turkey... (the Department) is conducting an administrative review of the antidumping duty order on certain pasta (pasta) from Turkey for the period of review (POR) July 1, 2010, through June 30, 2011. The Department...

78 FR 9937 - Certain Pasta From Italy and Turkey Scheduling of Full Five-Year Reviews Concerning the...

Science.gov (United States)

2013-02-12

...)] Certain Pasta From Italy and Turkey Scheduling of Full Five-Year Reviews Concerning the Countervailing and Antidumping Duty Orders on Certain Pasta From Italy and Turkey AGENCY: United States International Trade... whether revocation of the countervailing and antidumping duty orders on certain pasta from Italy and...

Evaluación neurofisiológica y clínica en pacientes con diabetes mellitus

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Roberto Portillo

2005-03-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Determinar las características clínicas y hallazgos neurofisiológicos en pacientes diabéticos y correlacionar sus variables. Material y Métodos: Se evaluó 50 pacientes con diabetes mellitus del Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara. Se determinó edad, sexo, ocupación, tiempo de enfermedad, glicemia, dieta, tratamiento, sintomatología sensitiva, velocidad de conducción nerviosa motora y sensitiva de 12 nervios por paciente, 600 nervios en total, prevalencia de polineuropatía diabética (PND y relacionamos las variables con la PND. Resultados: El 90% de pacientes presentó compromiso, 86% con criterios de PND; la edad osciló entre 38 y 78 años (media=58,5 años, 36 fueron varones (72%, el tiempo de enfermedad promedio fue de 89 meses, la glicemia 143 mg/dL, 74% tenía dieta hipoglúcida, 48% refirió síntomas sensitivos. No hubo relación de PND con tiempo de enfermedad, glicemia, tratamiento o sintomatología sensitiva. Conclusiones: La exhaustiva anamnesis a pacientes diabéticos encontró 48% de sintomatología sugestiva de PND, 86% presentó hallazgos neurofisiológicos compatibles con PND, que no fue influida por otras variables; es imperativa la detección temprana de diabetes mellitus, para evitar complicaciones como la PND.

76 FR 53116 - Certain Pasta From Turkey: Extension of Time Limit for the Final Results of Antidumping Duty...

Science.gov (United States)

2011-08-25

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [A-489-805] Certain Pasta From Turkey... the preliminary results of the administrative review of the antidumping duty order on certain pasta from Turkey (pasta) for the period July [[Page 53117

Efectos de una dieta hipocalórica y de un programa de ejercicio físico de corta duración en el perfil lipídico y en la composición corporal de mujeres menopáusicas con sobrepeso

OpenAIRE

D. Rojano; G.M. Vargas

2014-01-01

Objetivo: Analizar los cambios producidos en la composición corporal y, a nivel bioquímico, sobre el colesterol y los triglicéridos, por un programa de ejercicio físico aeróbico y de fuerza de 6 semanas de duración, acompañado de una dieta hipocalórica, en un grupo de mujeres menopáusicas con sobrepeso. Método: La muestra estaba formada por 18 mujeres en la etapa de la menopausia, 9 de las cuales fueron asignadas aleatoriamente al grupo experimental y las otras 9 al grupo control. Todas pr...

A Comparison of Carbon Footprint and Production Cost of Different Pasta Products Based on Whole Egg and Pea Flour.

Science.gov (United States)

Nette, Antonia; Wolf, Patricia; Schlüter, Oliver; Meyer-Aurich, Andreas

2016-03-04

Feed and food production are inter alia reasons for high greenhouse gas emissions. Greenhouse gas emissions could be reduced by the replacement of animal components with plant components in processed food products, such as pasta. The main components currently used for pasta are semolina, and water, as well as additional egg. The hypothesis of this paper is that the substitution of whole egg with plant-based ingredients, for example from peas, in such a product might lead to reduced greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) and thus a reduced carbon footprint at economically reasonable costs. The costs and carbon footprints of two pasta types, produced with egg or pea protein, are calculated. Plant protein-based pasta products proved to cause 0.57 kg CO₂ equivalents (CO₂eq) (31%) per kg pasta less greenhouse gas emissions than animal-based pasta, while the cost of production increases by 10% to 3.00 €/kg pasta.

Effect of sorghum flour addition on in vitro starch digestibility, cooking quality, and consumer acceptability of durum wheat pasta.

Science.gov (United States)

Khan, Imran; Yousif, Adel M; Johnson, Stuart K; Gamlath, Shirani

2014-08-01

Whole grain sorghum is a valuable source of resistant starch and polyphenolic antioxidants and its addition into staple food like pasta may reduce the starch digestibility. However, incorporating nondurum wheat materials into pasta provides a challenge in terms of maintaining cooking quality and consumer acceptability. Pasta was prepared from 100% durum wheat semolina (DWS) as control or by replacing DWS with either wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF) or white sorghum flour (WSF) each at 20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels, following a laboratory-scale procedure. Pasta samples were evaluated for proximate composition, in vitro starch digestibility, cooking quality, and consumer acceptability. The addition of both RSF and WSF lowered the extent of in vitro starch digestion at all substitution levels compared to the control pasta. The rapidly digestible starch was lowered in all the sorghum-containing pastas compared to the control pasta. Neither RSF or WSF addition affected the pasta quality attributes (water absorption, swelling index, dry matter, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness), except color and hardness which were negatively affected. Consumer sensory results indicated that pasta samples containing 20% and 30% RSF or WSF had acceptable palatability based on meeting one or both of the preset acceptability criteria. It is concluded that the addition of wholegrain sorghum flour to pasta at 30% incorporation level is possible to reduce starch digestibility, while maintaining adequate cooking quality and consumer acceptability. © 2014 Institute of Food Technologists®

75 FR 11116 - Certain Pasta from Italy: Notice of Amended Final Results of the Twelfth Antidumping Duty...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-03-10

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [A-475-818] Certain Pasta from Italy... certain pasta from Italy for the period of review (POR) of July 1, 2007, through June 30, 2008. See Certain Pasta from Italy: Notice of Final Results of the Twelfth Administrative Review, 75 FR 6352...

76 FR 6601 - Certain Pasta From Italy: Notice of Amended Final Results of the Thirteenth Antidumping Duty...

Science.gov (United States)

2011-02-07

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [A-475-818] Certain Pasta From Italy... of the antidumping duty order on certain pasta from Italy for the period of review (POR) of July 1, 2008, through June 30, 2009. See Certain Pasta from Italy: Notice of Final Results of the Thirteenth...

Amino Acid Composition of Protein-Enriched Dried Pasta:
Is It Suitable for a Low-Carbohydrate Diet?

Science.gov (United States)

Filip, Sebastjan; Vidrih, Rajko

2015-09-01

Today, obesity is one of the major health problems, a so-called epidemic of the developed world. Obesity arises through an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure, so it is important for products to have a balanced nutritional composition. The aim of this study is to prepare high-protein pasta with high nutritional quality, with emphasis on its amino acid composition, as ordinary durum pasta lacks lysine and threonine. Ordinary durum wheat pasta contains, on average, 77% carbohydrate, and can have even less than 10% protein. It is therefore often excluded from normal energy-restricted diets, and especially from low-carbohydrate diets. In this study pasta that can satisfy the nutritional requirements of a low-carbohydrate diet and is suitable for daily use was developed and evaluated. Protein-enhanced pasta was produced by adding high amounts of plant protein extract (40% dry matter) without (plain high-protein pasta) or with 3% dried spinach powder (high-protein spinach pasta) to durum wheat semolina. According to the sensory analysis data, the addition of 40% of plant protein extract satisfied sensory and nutritional requirements, allowing further development and evaluation for possible marketing. This analysis shows that these high-protein neutral and spinach pasta contain 36.4 and 39.6 g of protein per 100 g of dry mass, 12.07 and 14.70 g of total essential amino acids per 100 g of dry mass, and a high content of branched-chain amino acids, i.e. 5.54 and 6.65 g per 100 g of dry mass, respectively. This therefore represents a true alternative to durum wheat pasta for low-carbohydrate diets.

Teff, buckwheat, quinoa and amaranth: Ancient whole grain gluten-free egg-free pasta

Science.gov (United States)

This report demonstrates innovative ancient whole grains, gluten-free, egg-free pasta (no chemicals added) made using a kitchen counter-top appliance. Whole grain, fusilli pasta was prepared with teff, buckwheat, quinoa and amaranth flours. These ancient grains are called “Super Foods” due to thei...

An Integrable Approximation for the Fermi Pasta Ulam Lattice

Science.gov (United States)

Rink, Bob

This contribution presents a review of results obtained from computations of approximate equations of motion for the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam lattice. These approximate equations are obtained as a finite-dimensional Birkhoff normal form. It turns out that in many cases, the Birkhoff normal form is suitable for application of the KAM theorem. In particular, this proves Nishida's 1971 conjecture stating that almost all low-energetic motions of the anharmonic Fermi-Pasta-Ulam lattice with fixed endpoints are quasi-periodic. The proof is based on the formal Birkhoff normal form computations of Nishida, the KAM theorem and discrete symmetry considerations.

Biotechnology and pasta-making: Lactic Acid Bacteria as a new driver of innovation

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Vittorio eCapozzi

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Cereals-derived foods represent a key constituent in the diet of many populations. In particular, pasta is consumed in large quantities throughout the world in reason of its nutritive importance, containing significant amounts of complex carbohydrates, proteins, B-vitamins, and iron. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB are a heterogeneous group of bacteria that play a key role in the production of fermented foods and beverages with high relevance for human and animal health. A wide literature testifies the multifaceted importance of LAB biotechnological applications in cereal-based products. Several studies focused on LAB isolation and characterization in durum wheat environment, in some cases with preliminary experimental applications of LAB in pasta-making. In this paper, using sourdough as a model, we focus on the relevant state-of-art to introduce a LAB-based biotechnological step in industrial pasta-making, a potential world driver of innovation that might represent a cutting-edge advancement in pasta production.

New Approach to Enrich Pasta with Polyphenols from Grape Marc

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V. Marinelli

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Food industry produces significant amount of waste that represents a problem for the sector. However, by-products are also promising sources of compounds which may be reused for their nutritional properties. The aim of this work is to exploit wine-making by-products, obtaining an extract by ultrasound-assisted extraction only using water as solvent. The characteristics of spaghetti enriched with grape marc were assessed and compared to control samples. In particular, total phenolic and flavonoids contents, the antioxidant activity, the cooking quality, and the sensory acceptability were evaluated at various steps of pasta production. The enriched spaghetti showed higher total phenolic and flavonoids contents and higher antioxidant activity than the control pasta. In addition, low cooking losses were found. In terms of sensory properties fortified pasta is acceptable as the traditional product, thus demonstrating that it is possible to exploit food waste to better satisfy consumer demand for healthy food products in a more sustainable perspective.

Efeitos de uma dieta hiperproteica a nível renal

OpenAIRE

Oliveira, Hugo Manuel Pedrosa de

2008-01-01

Apesar de já existirem há vários anos, a popularidade das dietas hiperproteicas tem vindo a aumentar devido às proporções epidémicas da obesidade a nível mundial. Mesmo com o seu uso generalizado, existem preocupações válidas de que estas dietas possam induzir alteração clinicamente importantes a nível da função e da saúde renal. O uso destas dieta têm sido correlacionado com hiperfiltração glomerular e hiperemia, aceleração do declínio de doença renal crónica, aumento da pr...

A Comparison of Carbon Footprint and Production Cost of Different Pasta Products Based on Whole Egg and Pea Flour

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Antonia Nette

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Feed and food production are inter alia reasons for high greenhouse gas emissions. Greenhouse gas emissions could be reduced by the replacement of animal components with plant components in processed food products, such as pasta. The main components currently used for pasta are semolina, and water, as well as additional egg. The hypothesis of this paper is that the substitution of whole egg with plant-based ingredients, for example from peas, in such a product might lead to reduced greenhouse gas emissions (GHG and thus a reduced carbon footprint at economically reasonable costs. The costs and carbon footprints of two pasta types, produced with egg or pea protein, are calculated. Plant protein–based pasta products proved to cause 0.57 kg CO2 equivalents (CO2eq (31% per kg pasta less greenhouse gas emissions than animal-based pasta, while the cost of production increases by 10% to 3.00 €/kg pasta.

A Comparison of Carbon Footprint and Production Cost of Different Pasta Products Based on Whole Egg and Pea Flour

Science.gov (United States)

Nette, Antonia; Wolf, Patricia; Schlüter, Oliver; Meyer-Aurich, Andreas

2016-01-01

Feed and food production are inter alia reasons for high greenhouse gas emissions. Greenhouse gas emissions could be reduced by the replacement of animal components with plant components in processed food products, such as pasta. The main components currently used for pasta are semolina, and water, as well as additional egg. The hypothesis of this paper is that the substitution of whole egg with plant-based ingredients, for example from peas, in such a product might lead to reduced greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) and thus a reduced carbon footprint at economically reasonable costs. The costs and carbon footprints of two pasta types, produced with egg or pea protein, are calculated. Plant protein–based pasta products proved to cause 0.57 kg CO2 equivalents (CO2eq) (31%) per kg pasta less greenhouse gas emissions than animal-based pasta, while the cost of production increases by 10% to 3.00 €/kg pasta. PMID:28231112

Karakteristik Pasta TiO2 Suhu Rendah untuk Aplikasi Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC

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Mariya Al Qibtiya

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Pada tulisan ini, diuraikan karakteristik pasta TiO2 suhu rendah untuk aplikasi sel surya berbasis dye-sensitized yang dipreparasi dengan penambahan serbuk TiO2 reflektor. Penambahan TiO2 reflektor sebagai light scattering layer pada pasta dilakukan untuk melihat pengaruhnya terhadap karakteristik listrik sel surya yang dihasilkan. Preparasi pasta dilakukan menggunakan bahan komersial yaitu pasta T-Nanooxide D-L (Solaronix dan serbuk pasta WER2-O (Dyesiol sebagai bahan reflector. Bahan tersebut dianalisis struktur kristalnya. Hasil karakterisasi X-Ray Diffraction (XRD menunjukan bahwa bahan TiO2 serbuk yang digunakan adalah nanokristal dengan struktur kristal anatase. Pasta ini dideposisi di atas permukaan plastik dan kaca konduktif (ITO-PET dan FTO dengan metode doctor blade printing. Proses sintering lapisan TiO2 dilakukan pada suhu rendah yaitu 120 ˚C selama 4 jam. Morfologi permukaan lapisan TiO2 dianalisa menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM. Lapisan TiO2 yang terbentuk diaplikasikan pada DSSC sebagai fotoelektroda. Pewarnaan dengan larutan N-719 (Ruthenium Complex, lapisan elektroda kerja platina dan larutan elektrolit iodine. Karakteristik kurva I-V dengan ukuran sel daerah aktif 1 cm2 diukur menggunakan Sun Simulator AM1,5 dengan sumber cahaya Xenon dan intensitas 50 mW/cm2. Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan penambahan serbuk TiO2 reflektor dapat meningkatkan unjuk kerja sel surya fleksibel yang dihasilkan. Efisiensi terbaik DSSC yang dihasilkan adalah 0,166% untuk substrat plastik dan 0,167% untuk substrat kaca.

Technological and nutritional assessment of dry pasta with oatmeal and the microalga Spirulina platensis

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Fernanda Arnhold Pagnussatt

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Wheat flour is the most important raw material in the production of pasta. The production process consists of mixing water and flour, kneading, extrusion and drying. Oats and the microalga Spirulina platensis play a physiological role in the growth, development and maintenance of the human organism due to their high nutritional value. The aim of this study was to assess the technological and nutritional properties of dry pasta prepared with the addition of oatmeal and Spirulina platensis. The wheat flour was characterized and the effect of partial replacement by oatmeal and Spirulina platensis (Arthrospira platensis was evaluated using response surface methodology (RSM. The mixtures were analysed for moisture, protein, ash, colour, particle size, falling number and alveography. The formulated pastas were dried and evaluated for moisture, colour, cooking test, acidity, proximate composition and amino acids. Generally, the addition of Spirulina platensis influenced the soluble solids content and colour of the pasta, while the oatmeal mainly affected the acid content. The oatmeal increased the values of crude protein and total dietary fibre (13.06% when compared with the commercial pasta (2.40% and may be considered as a source of fibre.

Evaluation of production and gamma radiation effects in pasta enriched with brown flaxseed bagasse (Linum usitatissimum L.)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oliveira, Marcia Lage de; Arthur, Valter; Oliveira, Ana Claudia Sampaio; Polesi, Luiz Fernando; Silva, Lucia Cristina Aparecida Santos; Jesus, Jose Paulo de

2013-01-01

Flat pasta was produced using eggs, wheat flour added with brown flaxseed bagasse in 0,20% and 40% proportions. The pasta obtained in 20% and 40% proportions were irradiated with 20kGy and submitted to evaluation through determinations of moisture, acidity, ph., chemical composition and baking test. Utilizing the same proportions it was also produced pasta with the flaxseed bagasse flour irradiated with 10kGy and submitted to the same evaluations. Found values for different kinds of pasta, for moisture, acidity and ph. can be considered normal within the range of acceptation. (author)

Evaluation of production and gamma radiation effects in pasta enriched with brown flaxseed bagasse (Linum usitatissimum L.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Oliveira, Marcia Lage de; Arthur, Valter; Oliveira, Ana Claudia Sampaio, E-mail: mlageoli@hotmail.com, E-mail: arthur@cena.usp.br [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN-SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Polesi, Luiz Fernando; Silva, Lucia Cristina Aparecida Santos [Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura (CENA/USP), Piracicaba, SP (Brazil); Jesus, Jose Paulo de [Universidade de Sao Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, SP (Brazil). Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz; Oliveira, Andrea Lage de [Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos (UFSCAR), Araras, SP (Brazil)

2013-07-01

Flat pasta was produced using eggs, wheat flour added with brown flaxseed bagasse in 0,20% and 40% proportions. The pasta obtained in 20% and 40% proportions were irradiated with 20kGy and submitted to evaluation through determinations of moisture, acidity, ph., chemical composition and baking test. Utilizing the same proportions it was also produced pasta with the flaxseed bagasse flour irradiated with 10kGy and submitted to the same evaluations. Found values for different kinds of pasta, for moisture, acidity and ph. can be considered normal within the range of acceptation. (author)

Lipidosis hepática asociada con malnutrición y preñez en dos perras

OpenAIRE

Giordano, Andrea; Arias, Daniel Osvaldo; Araus, S.; Cohen, M.; Gobello, Cristina

2004-01-01

En algunos países latinoamericanos se observó que la ascites ocurre en diferentes momentos post parto en perras alimentadas con dietas hipoproteicas. El objetivo de este articulo fue describir 2 casos de perras con ascitis asociada a lipidosis hepática desarrollada después del parto. Las muestras de sangre evidenciaron anormarmalidades compatibles con enfermedad hepática. La paracentesis abdominal reveló un trasudado aséptico y la ultrasonografía hiperecogenicidad hepática. Se arribó al diagn...

Polyphenols in Raw and Cooked Cereals/Pseudocereals/Legume Pasta and Couscous.

Science.gov (United States)

Carcea, Marina; Narducci, Valentina; Turfani, Valeria; Giannini, Vittoria

2017-09-11

Pasta and couscous are popular foods manufactured (in their traditional form) from durum wheat semolina. In recent years, the consumers' quest for novel, functional, gluten-free, wholegrain foods has prompted the industry to manufacture new pasta and couscous products in which durum wheat has been partially or totally replaced by other vegetable flours. Besides dietary fibre, these raw materials might be an interesting source of phytochemicals. In this work, 16 commercial samples of pasta and four samples of couscous representative of the new products and made of refined and wholegrain flours of different species of cereals, pseudocereals and legumes were analysed for free, hydrolysable bound and total polyphenol content by means of the Folin-Ciocalteu procedure. Analyses were repeated on cooked samples to assess the quantity of polyphenols ingested by the consumers. The raw legume and pseudocereal products had a total polyphenol content higher than most cereal products (up to 1743.4 mg of Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE) per 100 g dry weight). Wholegrain products had higher contents than refined products. The free fraction underwent up to 46% loss with cooking, probably because of solubility in water. The water absorption of pasta and couscous during cooking was in a ratio of 2:3, resulting in higher dilution of polyphenols in the cooked couscous.

Coherent scattering of neutrinos by 'nuclear pasta' in dense matter

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sonoda, Hidetaka

2007-01-01

We examine coherent scattering cross section of neutrino and nucleon systems via weak-neutral current at subnuclear densities, which will be important in supernova cores. Below melting density and temparature of nuclei, nuclear shape becomes rodlike and slablike; this is called nuclear 'pasta'. Transition of structure will greatly influence coherent effects which can not easily be predicted. We calculate static structure factor of nuclear matter using data of several nuclear models, and discuss the effects of existence of nuclear pasta on neutrino opacity in hot dense matter

Effect of bioprocessing and fractionation on the structural, textural and sensory properties of gluten-free faba bean pasta

OpenAIRE

Heiniö, Raija-Liisa; Cassan, Denis; Holopainen-Mantila, Ulla; Micard, Valerie; Lantto, Raija; Sozer, Nesli

2016-01-01

This work evaluated the effects of processing faba bean flour on textural, structural and sensory properties of gluten-free pasta. Pasta was prepared using faba bean flour, starch-rich fraction of faba bean flour or faba bean flour fermented with lactic acid bacteria. The impact of cross-linking enzyme transglutaminase (TG) on the quality of faba pasta was also studied. The structure, cooking quality, starch digestibility, textural and sensory characteristics of faba pasta samples were evalua...

Resultado de la intervención Enseñanza: dieta prescrita en la consulta de enfermedad renal crónica avanzada

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M.ª Carmen Torres Torradeflot

2016-03-01

Full Text Available En la consulta de enfermedad renal crónica avanzada (ERCA, se proporcionan cuidados a los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica con un filtrado glomerular (FG < 30 ml/min. Estos incluyen diferentes intervenciones de enfermería. Una de ellas es la intervención 5614 Enseñanza: dieta prescrita. Objetivo: Analizar la eficacia de la intervención 5614 Enseñanza: dieta prescrita, en pacientes ERCA realizada en la consulta de enfermería, en la primera visita. Material y métodos: Estudio cuasiexperimental. Se incluyeron 92 pacientes incidentes en la consulta ERCA en 2014. Se realizó la intervención 5614 Enseñanza: dieta prescrita y se evaluaron indicadores de resultado 1004 Estado nutricional a los 2 meses de la intervención. Se llevó a cabo una estadística descriptiva de las variables pre y post intervención. Resultados: Edad media 69,5±15 años, 64,1% (n=59 hombres, 35,9% (n=33 mujeres, 41,3% diabéticos. Después de la intervención el 62% de los pacientes disminuyeron el valor del K, el 54,3% el del P, el 55,4% el del colesterol total, el 59,8% el del colesterol-LDL, y el 44,6% el del ácido úrico. El 67,4% de los pacientes presentó pérdida ponderal. En estos pacientes la variación media de la albúmina fue -0,005±0,0028 mg/dL. El FG permaneció estable en el 63% de los pacientes. La PAS media disminuye en el 42,4% de los pacientes y la PAD media en el 38%. Conclusiones: Tras la intervención 5614 Enseñanza: dieta prescrita realizada a los pacientes ERCA en la primera visita, se observa disminución del peso y valores plasmáticos de P, K, colesterol- LDL, colesterol total y ácido úrico. La Función renal permanece estable. La concentración de albúmina en los pacientes que perdieron peso se mantiene estable. La diferencia de la media para los valores de K y colesterol total fue estadísticamente significativa.

Alimentación de bovinos con ensilado de mezclas de banano de rechazo y ráquis en diferentes proporciones

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

J. C. De la Cruz-Hernández

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Con el propósito de evaluar el comportamiento productivo de bovinos consumiendo ensilado de mezclas de banano de rechazo como fruta y ráquis en diferentes proporciones, se realizó una prueba de alimentación con 12 bovinos cebú comercial, machos, enteros, con un peso promedio de 168±17 kg, a los que se les asignó, de manera aleatoria, cada uno de los siguientes tratamientos: I ensilado con 50% banano y 50% ráquis; II ensilado con 75% banano y 25% ráquis; y III un grupo testigo con zacate Taiwán (Pennisetum purpureum. Los animales recibieron, además, 1.1 kg de pasta de soya como fuente proteica y 50 g de una premezcla comercial de minerales y sal común. La prueba tuvo una duración de 120 días, más un tiempo de adaptación de 15, periodo en el que las dietas se ofrecieron a libertad. Los animales fueron pesados cada 30 días y se les llevó diariamente el control de consumo de alimento. Las mejores (P0.05 entre ellos. El consumo de alimento base húmeda (CABH no presentó diferencias significativas (P>0.05 entre tratamientos; sin embargo, el consumo de alimento base seca (CABS fue mayor (P<0.05 en el tratamiento ensilado de banano-ráquis 75:25 comparado con el de 50:50 (6.433 vs. 4.308 kg. El consumo de materia seca/100 kg de peso vivo fue mayor (P<0.05 para los animales que consumieron zacate Taiwán y ensilado de banano-ráquis 75:25 (2.334 y 1.990, comparados con los del ensilado 50:50 (1.413. El consumo de proteína cruda en kg fue mayor (P<0.05 para los animales alimentados con zacate Taiwán. Porcentualmente, el consumo de proteína cruda fue mayor (P<0.05 en los animales que consumieron zacate Taiwán y ensilado de banano-ráquis 50:50 (16.99 y 17.36 %. La mayor eficiencia alimenticia (P<0.05 la obtuvieron los animales que consumieron el ensilado de banano-ráquis 50:50. El análisis económico de este sistema de alimentación nos indica que se obtuvieron las mayores ganancias con el uso de los ensilados, siendo el mejor

Tracking the fate of pasta (T. Durum semolina) immunogenic proteins by in vitro simulated digestion.

Science.gov (United States)

Mamone, Gianfranco; Nitride, Chiara; Picariello, Gianluca; Addeo, Francesco; Ferranti, Pasquale; Mackie, Alan

2015-03-18

The aim of the present study was to identify and characterize the celiacogenic/immunogenic proteins and peptides released during digestion of pasta (Triticum durum semolina). Cooked pasta was digested using a harmonized in vitro static model of oral-gastro-duodenal digestion. The course of pasta protein digestion was monitored by SDS-PAGE, and gluten proteins were specifically analyzed by Western blot using sera of celiac patients. Among the allergens, nonspecific lipid-transfer protein was highly resistant to gastro-duodenal hydrolysis, while other digestion-stable allergens such as α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors were not detected being totally released in the pasta cooking water. To simulate the final stage of intestinal degradation, the gastro-duodenal digesta were incubated with porcine jejunal brush-border membrane hydrolases. Sixty-one peptides surviving the brush-border membrane peptidases were identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, including several gluten-derived sequences encrypting different motifs responsible for the induction of celiac disease. These results provide new insights into the persistence of wheat-derived peptides during digestion of cooked pasta samples.

78 FR 2368 - Certain Pasta From Italy and Turkey; Final Results of Expedited Third Sunset Reviews of the...

Science.gov (United States)

2013-01-11

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [A-475-818; A-489-805] Certain Pasta... Department'') initiated five-year (``sunset'') reviews of the antidumping duty orders on certain pasta (``pasta'') from Italy and Turkey. As a result of these reviews, the Department finds that revocation of...

Plasma Ceramides, Mediterranean Diet, and Incident Cardiovascular Disease in the PREDIMED Trial (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea).

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Dong D; Toledo, Estefanía; Hruby, Adela; Rosner, Bernard A; Willett, Walter C; Sun, Qi; Razquin, Cristina; Zheng, Yan; Ruiz-Canela, Miguel; Guasch-Ferré, Marta; Corella, Dolores; Gómez-Gracia, Enrique; Fiol, Miquel; Estruch, Ramón; Ros, Emilio; Lapetra, José; Fito, Montserrat; Aros, Fernando; Serra-Majem, Luis; Lee, Chih-Hao; Clish, Clary B; Liang, Liming; Salas-Salvadó, Jordi; Martínez-González, Miguel A; Hu, Frank B

2017-05-23

Although in vitro studies and investigations in animal models and small clinical populations have suggested that ceramides may represent an intermediate link between overnutrition and certain pathological mechanisms underlying cardiovascular disease (CVD), no prospective studies have investigated the association between plasma ceramides and risk of CVD. The study population consisted of 980 participants from the PREDIMED trial (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea), including 230 incident cases of CVD and 787 randomly selected participants at baseline (including 37 overlapping cases) followed for ≤7.4 years. Participants were randomized to a Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra virgin olive oil, a Mediterranean diet supplemented with nuts, or a control diet. Plasma ceramide concentrations were measured on a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry metabolomics platform. The primary outcome was a composite of nonfatal acute myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or cardiovascular death. Hazard ratios were estimated with weighted Cox regression models using Barlow weights to account for the case-cohort design. The multivariable hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) comparing the extreme quartiles of plasma concentrations of C16:0, C22:0, C24:0, and C24:1 ceramides were 2.39 (1.49-3.83, P trend Mediterranean diet and control groups during the first year of follow-up. Our study documented a novel positive association between baseline plasma ceramide concentrations and incident CVD. In addition, a Mediterranean dietary intervention may mitigate potential deleterious effects of elevated plasma ceramide concentrations on CVD. URL: http://www.isrctn.com. Unique identifier: ISRCTN35739639. © 2017 American Heart Association, Inc.

Can protein-fortified pasta serve as a meat substitute?

Science.gov (United States)

Bingham, C J; Tsay, R; Babayan, V K; Blackburn, G L

1982-01-01

A seventeen-day metabolic balance study was conducted with 13 healthy adult subjects to test the protein utilization of a meat-based diet and a protein-fortified pasta diet in an isonitrogenous, isocaloric inpatient study (averaging 112 gm of protein, and 2,500 cal). Intakes of calories, protein, fat, and carbohydrates, as well as ratios of meat protein or protein-fortified pasta protein (PEP), were controlled throughout the diets. The study was comprised of three experimental periods: a seven-day meat-protein control period, representing the typical american diet (TAD), averaging 18% protein, 40% fat, and 42% carbohydrate, a seven-day protein-enriched pasta control period (PEP), averaging 18% protein, 29% fat, and 53% carbohydrates, and a three-day PEP period composed of varied recipes, averaging 18% protein, 29% fat, and 53% carbohydrates. The subjects who consumed both the TAD and PEP diets achieved nitrogen balance (2.5 gN +/- 0.7 on the TAD, 2 gN +/- 0 on PEP with the PEP diet resulting in a decrease in plasma cholesterol (32 mg/dl, P less than .005), and a decrease in systolic (5.25 mm/Hg P less than .025) and diastolic blood pressure (5 mm/Hg, P less than .05), which was associated with an increase in urinary sodium excretion (19 +/- 17 mEq/day, P less than .025). In this study, it was determined that protein-fortified pasta may serve as a meat alternative. The PEP diet, which includes a beneficial change in fat/carbohydrate ratio, can alter lipid profiles, blood pressure, and sodium excretion, thus leading to improved health status and a decrease in cardiac risk factors.

Digestibilidad in situ de dietas con harina de nopal deshidratado conteniendo un preparado de enzimas fibrolíticas exógenas In situ digestibility in dehydrated ground prickly pear diets containing a fybrolitic enzymes product

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marco Medina Romo

2006-07-01

Full Text Available Se evaluó el efecto de un preparado de enzimas fibrolíticas exógenas (celulasas y xilanasas en la degradabilidad in situ de la materia seca (DisMS, fibra detergente neutro (DFDNr y fibra detergente ácido residual (DFDAr, en dietas altas o bajas en harina de nopal deshidratado. Se aplicaron concentraciones de 0, 1, 2 y 3 g de enzima por kilogramo de materia seca al inicio y 24 horas antes de la degradación in situ. Se determinó la concentración de ácidos grasos volátiles totales y de nitrógeno amoniacal a las 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 y 24 horas después de aplicarse la enzima. No se observaron efectos en DisMS, DFDNr y DFDAr; la aplicación al inicio de la degradación in situ mostró valores más altos que a 24 horas para DisMS y DFDNr, pero fue menor para DFDAr. No se observaron diferencias en las interacciones entre niveles de enzima, tipo de dieta y tiempo de pretratamiento. La aplicación de 1 y 3 g de enzima, en la dieta con bajo contenido de harina de nopal, tuvo efectos en el incremento de los ácidos grasos volátiles totales; para el nitrógeno amoniacal, los mejores resultados ocurrieron con 0 y 1 g de enzima.It was evaluated the effect of a fybrolitic enzyme product (cellulases and xylanases on in situ digestibility of dry matter (DisMS, residual neutral detergent fiber (DFDNr and acid detergent fiber (DFDAr, in dehydrated ground prickly pear diets with a low or high level. Enzyme concentrations of 0, 1, 2, and 3 g kg-1 of dry matter applied at the beginning (0 hour and 24 hours before starting in situ digestibility were used. Total volatile fatty acids and ammonia nitrogen were determined at: 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 hours after the enzyme application. There were no effects on DisMS, DFDNr, and DFDAr. Initial application of enzyme concentrations (0 hour was higher than 24 hours for DisMS and DFDNr but lower for DFDAr. No differences were observed in interactions among enzyme level, diet and application time. Application of 1 and 3 g of

75 FR 37386 - Certain Pasta from Italy: Final Results of the 13th (2008) Countervailing Duty Administrative Review

Science.gov (United States)

2010-06-29

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [C-475-819] Certain Pasta from Italy... pasta from Italy for the period January 1, 2008, through December 31, 2008. On April 13, 2010, we published the Preliminary Results of this review. See Certain Pasta From Italy: Preliminary Results of the...

76 FR 65179 - Certain Pasta From Italy: Extension of Time Limit for the Final Results of the Countervailing...

Science.gov (United States)

2011-10-20

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [C-475-819] Certain Pasta From Italy... administrative review of the countervailing duty order on certain pasta from Italy, covering the period January 1, 2009, through December 31, 2009. See Certain Pasta from Italy: Preliminary Results of the 14th (2009...

Effect of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) enrichment on antioxidant and sensorial properties of wheat flour pasta.

Science.gov (United States)

Armellini, R; Peinado, I; Pittia, P; Scampicchio, M; Heredia, A; Andres, A

2018-07-15

Saffron, used in cookery as a flavouring and colouring agent, is well-known for its antioxidant and beneficial health properties. In the present work, the effect of saffron addition (0-control, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4%, w/w) in the formulation of fresh pasta was evaluated on textural, physical-chemical, and sensory properties of the cooked product. Content and retention of the bioactive molecules of saffron (crocins) were evaluated by HPLC along with the corresponding antioxidant activity of enriched pasta. The presence of saffron significantly influenced textural and physical-chemical properties of pasta. Higher saffron concentrations enhanced the antioxidant activity of pasta with the higher values of crocins in samples enriched with 0.4% saffron extract even after 3 min of cooking (4.23-5.06 mg/g db). Sensory analysis showed an increased acceptability of the saffron enriched pasta for all descriptors selected (visual aspect, colour, aroma, taste, chewiness, hardness, gumminess and overall acceptability). Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Effect of fortification with parsley (Petroselinum crispum Mill.) leaves on the nutraceutical and nutritional quality of wheat pasta.

Science.gov (United States)

Sęczyk, Łukasz; Świeca, Michał; Gawlik-Dziki, Urszula; Luty, Marcin; Czyż, Jarosław

2016-01-01

This study examines the nutraceutical (phenolics content, antioxidant activity, biological activity) and nutritional potential (starch and protein digestibility) of wheat pasta supplemented with 1-4% of powdered parsley leaves. Compared to the control, the potentially bioaccessible fraction of pasta fortified with 4% parsley leaves was characterized by 67% increased phenolics content, a 146% higher antiradical ability and 220% additional reducing power. Elevation of these parameters in fortified pasta was accompanied by an augmentation of its antiproliferative effect on carcinoma cells, which confirms their biological relevance. Supplementation of pasta had no significant effect on starch digestibility, while negatively affecting protein digestibility (a reduction by about 20% for pasta with a 4% supplement). Electrophoretic and chromatographic analyses indicated the presence of phenolic interactions with proteins and/or digestive enzymes. Fortification improved the nutraceutical and nutritional potential of the studied pasta; however, the final effect is made by many factors, including phenolics-food matrix interactions. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Effects on satiation, satiety and food intake of wholegrain and refined grain pasta

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Cioffi, Iolanda; Ibrügger, Sabine; Bache, Jessica

2016-01-01

studied. The objective was to investigate the effect of WG pasta (WGP) compared to refined grain pasta (RGP), on ad libitum energy intake (EI) within and at the subsequent meal as well as appetite. Two different ad libitum lunch meals (study A) and two different iso-caloric lunch meals (study B) were...

Avanços tecnológicos na obtenção de Etanol a partir de Sorgo Sacarino: Sorghum Bicolor (l. Moench

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sandro Pedroso Cunha

2010-01-01

Full Text Available A substituição da utilização de gasolina por etanol em veículos reduz em até 90% a emissão de CO2, isto justifica o interesse nautilização de bioetanol como energia renovável. Além da cana-de-açúcar, mandioca, milho e beterraba especial destaque vemsendo dado ao sorgo sacarino (Sorgo bicolor L. Moench para produção de etanol pela sua produtividade e resistência. O sorgo écultivado no Rio Grande do Sul com uma produção de cerca de 70.000 t/ano. A Embrapa possui um programa de desenvolvimentode cultivares de sorgo sacarino desde a época do Pró-Álcool e atualmente novas variedades estão sendo avaliadas. Diversos fatorestêm relevância na otimização da produção como, aumento da produtividade e redução de custos na produção do etanol. Estetrabalho objetivou o levantamento de dados recentes que possibilitem avaliar parâmetros produtivos de etanol a partir de sorgo.Fatores como a diminuição dos riscos de contaminação bacteriana, meios propícios aos processos fermentativos do grão ou talo desorgo através da utilização do pré tratamento da amostra, têm sido de grande importância, pois trata-se de transformar biomassabasicamente celulósica em açúcares fermentáveis. Genótipos superiores de sorgo sacarino para produção de etanol são de sumaimportância, assim como processos mais adequados à conversão de açúcares em etanol. A lignina, tóxica frente aosmicrorganismos, impede a conversão da lignocelulose em etanol. A conversão de compostos lignocelulósicos a etanol baseia-seem: hidrólise da celulose produzindo açúcares simples e fermentação destes açúcares a etanol por via microbiológica.Abstract Replacing the use of gasoline by ethanol invehicles reduces by 90% the emission of CO2 which justifiesthe interest in the use of bioethanol as renewable energy.Besides sugar cane, cassava, maize and sugar beet therehave been given emphasis to sweet sorghum (Sorghumbicolor L. Moench to produce ethanol

78 FR 9364 - Certain Pasta From Italy: Notice of Final Results of 15th Antidumping Duty Administrative Review...

Science.gov (United States)

2013-02-08

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [A-475-818] Certain Pasta From Italy... administrative review of the antidumping duty order on certain pasta from Italy. The period of review (POR) is... administrative review of the antidumping duty order on certain pasta from Italy.\\2\\ On October 26, 2012, Rummo...

76 FR 48122 - Certain Pasta From Italy: Notice of Court Decision Not in Harmony With Final Results of...

Science.gov (United States)

2011-08-08

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [A-475-818] Certain Pasta From Italy... antidumping duty order on certain pasta from Italy covering the period of review (``POR'') of July 1, 2005... Department published its final results of the administrative review for pasta from Italy for the period from...

Cogeneration plant in a pasta factory: Energy saving and environmental benefit

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Panno, Domenico; Messineo, Antonio; Dispenza, Antonella

2007-01-01

Italy produces approximately 4,520,000 tons of pasta annually, which is about 67% of its total productive potential. As factories need electric and thermal energy simultaneously, combined heat and power (CHP) systems are the most suitable. This paper describes a feasibility study of a CHP plant in a pasta factory in Italy while analyzing energy saving and environmental benefits. Commercially available CHP systems suitable for the power range of energy demand in pasta production use reciprocating engines or gas turbines. This study demonstrates how their use can reduce both energy costs and CO 2 equivalent greenhouse gas emission in the environment. An economic analysis was performed following the methodology set out by Italian National Agency for Technology, Energy and Environment (ENEA) based on a discounted cash flow (DCF) method called 'Valore Attuale Netto' (VAN), which uses a cash flow based on the saving of energy when using different energy processes

Estabilidad oxidativa de huevos enriquecidos con ácidos grasos poliinsaturados omega 3, frente a antioxidantes naturales

OpenAIRE

Bernal Gómez, María Elena; Mendonça-Junior, Cássio Xavier de; Mancini-Filho, Jorge

2003-01-01

Fueron alimentadas 192 gallinas ponedoras de 22 semanas de edad, de linaje comercial Babcock, durante 30 días con dietas de 0 (cero) y 12,7% de semilla de linaza molida que corresponde a 0 y 5% de aceite de linaza, respectivamente. Fueron definidos 8 tratamientos: 4 grupos con 12,7% de semilla de linaza (control/sin antioxidante; BHA+BHT, 100+100 ppm; orégano, 200 ppm; romero, 200 ppm) y 4 grupos sin semilla de linaza, pero utilizando los mismos antioxidantes. Este estudio fue realizado con e...

Preparación y evaluación de una pasta ósea para aplicaciones médicas

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Diana Marcela Escobar

2009-01-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se evalúan las características osteoinductivas y osteoconductivas de una pasta ósea preparada a partir de fosfato de calcio tipo hidroxiapatita, proteína morfogenética ósea y colágeno, capaz de inducir la diferenciación de células locales a células formadoras de hueso. La pasta preparada fue implantada en la región dorsal a nivel inter escapular, en 35 conejos de Raza Blanca de Nueva Zelanda, los cuales se distribuyeron en 7 grupos de evaluación (7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42 y 49 días transcurridos estos tiempos se retiraron los implantes para ser evaluados histológicamente por microscopía óptica convencional y así caracterizar los diferentes elementos tisulares. Los resultados obtenidos se analizaron por método factorial de correspondencias múltiples con clasificación jerárquica, el cual mostró que se logra estimular la inducción de hueso en sitios ectópicos, teniendo actividad osteogénica, sin embargo, la alta cantidad de linfocitos y de eosinófilos, evidencian respuesta inflamatoria alrededor del implante.

Continuum approximation of the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam lattice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Martina, L.

1979-01-01

A continuum approximation method is applied in order to discuss the connection between some properties of the infinite Fermi-Pasta-Ulam lattice and the ones displayed by the Korteweg-de Vries equation

77 FR 48964 - Certain Pasta From Italy: Notice of Court Decision Not in Harmony With Final Results of...

Science.gov (United States)

2012-08-15

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [A-475-818] Certain Pasta From Italy... pasta from Italy with respect to the margin assigned to Atar S.r.L. (Atar) covering the period of review... Review of the Antidumping Duty Order on Certain Pasta from Italy, 72 FR 7011 (February 14, 2007) (Final...

78 FR 959 - Certain Pasta From Italy and Turkey; Notice of Commission Determination To Conduct Full Five-Year...

Science.gov (United States)

2013-01-07

...)] Certain Pasta From Italy and Turkey; Notice of Commission Determination To Conduct Full Five-Year Reviews... revocation of the antidumping duty orders on certain pasta from Italy and Turkey would be likely to lead to... reviews of the countervailing duty order and antidumping duty order on imports of certain pasta from...

Dietas terapéuticas, conceptos, controversias y errores

OpenAIRE

Alemany, Marià, 1946-

1998-01-01

Las dietas terapéuticas, utilizadas para el tratamiento de la obesidad representan siempre un compromiso de limitación del aporte energético creando los menos problemas posibles, para que el margen de utilidad sea efectivo se requiere que el aporte calórico sea muy bajo para combatir la caida del gasto energético que lleva aparejada su utilización, pero esto afecta negativamente el metabolismo nitrogenado, por lo que la utifización de estas dietas viene limitado en el tiempo. Su efectividad a...

Ceba de toros con dietas basadas en hollejos de cítrico frescos o conservados Bull fattening with diets based on fresh or preserved citrus pulp

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

F Ojeda

2012-12-01

Full Text Available En la Empresa Citrícola "Victoria de Girón", provincia de Matanzas, Cuba, se realizó durante 138 días una investigación con 433 toros de genotipos mestizos de razas lecheras (Holstein x Cebú, en la que se evaluó una dieta basada en pastoreo restringido (cuatro horas en la mañana, forraje verde y hollejo de cítrico a voluntad, suplementados con heno de gramíneas, sal mineral y North gold. El hollejo de cítricos se ofreció en forma de ensilaje desde el 8 de agosto hasta el 31 de octubre, y en forma fresca desde el 1ro de noviembre hasta el 24 de diciembre. Este último se enriqueció con urea, a razón de 0,04 kg por cada 5 kg de hollejo. En el periodo lluvioso, el forraje presentó los menores porcentajes de MS y los mayores valores de EM y PDIN, con poca variación entre periodos para el PDIE. Los hollejos frescos y ensilados mantuvieron valores análogos a los de otros estudios; el heno tenía baja calidad, y el consumo de forraje fue similar en ambos períodos; los hollejos conservados fueron menos consumidos que los frescos. La ganancia fue mayor con los hollejos conservados (0,593 vs. 0,556 kg/animal/día. Los balances nutricionales indicaron que se cubrieron los requerimientos de MS y EM, aunque en los compuestos nitrogenados se realizó un uso ineficiente debido a que hubo un exceso de PDIE, que no fue corregido mediante la incorporación de urea. En ambos períodos, los mayores porcentajes de aportes de nutrimentos correspondieron al forraje y al hollejo de cítrico en sus dos modalidades. Los índices de conversión tuvieron una mejor respuesta con el ensilaje (13,3 vs. 15,5 kg de MS/kg de ganancia. Se concluye que es factible utilizar los hollejos de cítrico frescos o ensilados; aunque, para incrementar las ganancias y la conversión alimentaria, es necesario aumentar la suplementación proteínica y disponer de alimentos que equilibren las cantidades de PDIN y PDIE en las dietas.At the "Victoria de Girón" Citrus Fruit

Ancient whole grain Gluten-free egg-free Teff, Buckwheat, Quinoa and Amaranth pasta (abstract)

Science.gov (United States)

This report demonstrates innovative ancient whole grain, gluten-free, egg-free pasta (no chemicals added) made using a kitchen counter-top appliance. Whole grain, fusilli pasta was prepared with teff, buckwheat, quinoa and amaranth flours. These ancient grains are called “Super Foods” due to thei...

Efecto de la adición de ajo en la estabilidad y calidad sensorial de una pasta de aceituna

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Schwartz, M.

2011-09-01

Full Text Available The effect of garlic on the quality and stability of olive paste was evaluated. A control paste (Pc was prepared based on a Sevillana olive variety, the other was identical to Pc with 0.5g/100g of garlic (Pa. Microbiological, physicochemical and sensory changes were monitored in both pastes at time zero and during storage up to 90 days at 4°C. Microbiological parameters remain within acceptable limits from the point of view of health. The addition of garlic to the olive paste leads to increased acidity (% lactic acid and a significant decrease (p < 0.05 in pH at 30 and 60 days of storage. The addition of garlic produces a lower increase in peroxide value after 90 days of storage. An instrumental color analysis indicates that Pa is brighter and has greater color intensity. Acceptability is similar between the pastes. The sensory quality indicates that Pa has better appearance, aroma, texture and flavor. Rancidity is less than perceived in Pa. The tastes sour, salty and bitter are lower in Pa. According to the results, the addition of garlic is recommended for olive paste and similar foods.

Se evaluó el efecto de ajo en la calidad y estabilidad de una pasta de aceitunas. Se preparó una pasta control (Pc a base de aceitunas variedad Sevillana y otra idéntica con adición de ajo (Pa en concentración de 0.5g/100g. Se realizaron análisis microbiológicos, fisicoquímicos y sensoriales en ambas pastas al tiempo cero y durante el almacenamiento hasta los 90 días a 4°C. Los parámetros microbiológicos permanecen dentro de los límites aceptados desde el punto de vista sanitario. La adición de ajo a la pasta de aceitunas produce aumento de acidez, expresada como % ácido láctico, y disminución significativa (p < 0.05 de pH a los 30 y 60 días de almacenamiento. La adición de ajo produce menor aumento del índice de peróxido a los 90 días de almacenamiento. El análisis instrumental de color indica que Pa es más luminoso y m

Starch and antioxidant compound release during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion of gluten-free pasta.

Science.gov (United States)

Camelo-Méndez, Gustavo A; Agama-Acevedo, Edith; Rosell, Cristina M; de J Perea-Flores, Maria; Bello-Pérez, Luis A

2018-10-15

The microstructure of cooked gluten-free pasta depends on the ingredients used, and this microstructure affects the starch hydrolysis (SH), the release of phenolic compounds (PC) and their antioxidant capacity (AC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the SD and bioaccessibility of PC during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion of gluten-free pasta and its relationship with the microstructure. The highest SH was during the intestinal phase (≈60%), but pasta with the highest content of unripe plantain and chickpea presented the lowest release of PC (≈60%). The insoluble dietary fibre could be responsible (≈12.5%) for these effects. The cooked pasta showed high AC in the intestinal phase. Regions with gelatinized starch granules in a less dense protein network and other regions with intact or swollen granules surrounded by a protein network were observed. The starch digestion and bioaccessibility of PC were related to the structure of the matrix. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Mecanismos que analizan a nivel hepático el destino de los ácidos grasos del plasma y su relación con la resistencia insulínica en dislipemia experimental. Estrategias de prevención y/o mejoramiento por dietas

OpenAIRE

Hein, Gustavo Juan

2011-01-01

Los resultados alcanzados demuestran que la administración crónica de una dieta rica en sacarosa (DRS) indujo en hígado: incremento en la masa proteica del receptor nuclear LXR alfa y disminución en la masa del receptor PPAR alfa. Esto se relacionó con la activación de las enzimas lipogénicas y menor actividad de las enzimas de la oxidación de ácidos grasos, indicando un destino preferencial de éstos hacia la vía de reesterificación y síntesis de triglicéridos hepáticos. Los animales dislipid...

Evaluación de extractos de fique, coquito, sorgo y ruda como posibles bio-herbicidas

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Liliana Osorio Salazar

2009-04-01

Full Text Available En experimentos completamente al azar en condiciones de laboratorio y campo, en Palmira, Valle del Cauca, se evaluó el efecto de extractos de Macrophylla furcraea Baker (fique, Cyperus rotundus L (coquito, Sorghum bicolor L (sorgo, y Ruta graveolens L (ruda sobre la germinación de semillas de las arvenses Bidens pilosa L (papunga y Amaranthus dubius Mart (bledo y del cilantro Coriandrum sativum L. Se obtuvieron los extractos por el método Soxhlet, utilizando agua, etanol y cloroformo como solventes. Los extractos obtenidos se evaluaron en tres diluciones (0, 5 y 10 % en pruebas de germinación de semillas de las arvenses y del cultivo. Se emplearon tres repeticiones de 50 semillas cada una y el testigo se regó con agua destilada. Los extractos etanólicos y clorofórmicos de coquito y fique en las diluciones al 5 y 10 % presentaron el mayor efecto inhibitorio en la germinación a los 21 días. El ensayo de campo demostró el efecto inhibitorio de los extractos etanólicos de fique y coquito en la emergencia de las semillas del cilantro. El análisis de metabolitos secundarios comprobó la presencia de compuestos reportados como altamente tóxicos en fique y en menor cantidad en coquito, aunque los extractos de éste fueron los que más inhibieron la germinación.

Caracterización y validación morfológica y molecular de los tumores mamarios experimentales. Modulación por los lípidos de la dieta

OpenAIRE

Costa Trachsel, Irmgard

2014-01-01

La tesis doctoral incluye 10 publicaciones que forman parte del proyecto "Lípidos de la Dieta y Cáncer de Mama" que desarrolla el "Grup Multidisciplinari per a l'Estudi del Càncer de Mama" (GMECM). Los trabajos han utilizado el modelo experimental de tumores mamarios inducidos en rata con dimetilbenz(α)antraceno (DMBA) y son el resultado de los siguientes objetivos: a) caracterizar y validar morfológicamente este modelo, con un abordaje singular (artículos 1 y 2); b) estudiar el efecto de las...

Mezclas de residuos de poliestireno expandido (EPS conglomerados con yeso o escayola para su uso en la construcción

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González Madariaga, Francisco Javier

2008-03-01

Full Text Available This research project looks for to innovate in the management of expanded plastic materials wastes and to propose techniques that take advantage of the properties that those plastics still have at the time they are discarded to the urban wastes flow, such is the case of the expanded polystyrene wastes (EPS which after being transformed in small particles and mixed with pastes made of standard gypsum and water in diverse proportions allows the production of different construction products. At the end of this paper two specific mixtures are described; the first useful for gypsum wallboard production, and the second one to manufacture a flat board for thermal isolation material. The EPS is a stiff cell plastic material produced from the molding of little spheres or pearls of expansible polystyrene that shows a closed structure made of this thermoplastic which contains trapped air in a 96-98% proportion of the volume of the pearls. Packaging is one of the main applications for this material hence EPS is a plenty waste in our society, it is also very popular in building construction where it is installed in air wall cameras and indoors covers; finally in a small proportion the plastic has other kind of applications like sport protections and commercial display.Se ha logrado ofrecer un grupo de 8 propuestas concretas para reciclaje de poliestireno expandido (EPS que consiste en mezclar yeso o escayola y agua para constituir pastas que contienen residuos de EPS que se moldean como placas y paneles para la construcción. Se ha ensayado con muestras de pastas que van desde aquellas que contienen proporciones extremas de residuos hasta otras donde la presencia de agua para la preparación de las mezclas es inusualmente rica, también se han ensayado mezclas compuestas por proporciones intermedias de sus ingredientes. De las pastas con los mejores comportamientos en ensayos previos se han aplicado sus fórmulas en la fabricación de muestras de placas y

Targeting Aging with Functional Food: Pasta with Opuntia Single-Arm Pilot Study.

Science.gov (United States)

Aiello, Anna; Di Bona, Danilo; Candore, Giuseppina; Carru, Ciriaco; Zinellu, Angelo; Di Miceli, Giuseppe; Nicosia, Aldo; Gambino, Caterina Maria; Ruisi, Paolo; Caruso, Calogero; Vasto, Sonya; Accardi, Giulia

2018-06-01

Interventions to extend life span represent the new perspective in aging investigation. Healthy dietary habits are important modifiable factors that can favor a healthy aging phenotype. Many studies have demonstrated benefits for metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus resulting from the traditional Mediterranean foods. Opuntia Ficus Indica (OFI), widespread in the Mediterranean basin, belongs to the Cactaceae family. It is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Moreover, products containing extracts from OFI fruits or cladodes have been used to control obesity and other metabolic parameters, such as glycemia and lipid profile. The aim of this study was to analyze the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect of pasta with 3% of OFI cladode extracts added to show its beneficial effect in human health. We performed a single arm longitudinal intervention study in 42 healthy volunteers, administrating 500 g/week of this functional pasta for 30 days. Our pasta had antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties with putative effect on the aging process and related metabolic diseases. We also demonstrated a hypoglycemic effect. The results are preliminary, but it is possible to speculate that our pasta could be considered an effective food for the prevention of age-related metabolic disorders.

Recomendaciones para el manejo clínico pediátrico de la dieta cetogénica en el tratamiento de la epilepsia refractaria

OpenAIRE

Alberti, María J; Agustinho, Ariela; Argumedo, Laura; Armeno, Marisa; Blanco, Virginia; Bouquet, Cecilia; Cabrera, Analía; Caraballo, Roberto; Caramuta, Luciana; Cresta, Araceli; de Grandis, Elizabeth S; De Martini, Martha G; Diez, Cecilia; Dlugoszewski, Corina; Escobal, Nidia

2016-01-01

La dieta cetogénica constituye el tratamiento no farmacológico de eficacia probada más utilizado en la última década para el manejo de la epilepsia refractaria en la población pediátrica. En comparación con el agregado de un nuevo fármaco a un tratamiento preexistente, esta terapia es altamente efectiva, con una reducción de las crisis de entre un 50% y un 90% en aproximadamente 45%-60% de los niños tras 6 meses de tratamiento. Es por ello por lo que la Sociedad Argentina de Neurología Infant...

Evaluación de soya integral cocida y arroz paddy en la alimentación de pollas de levante

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Avila G. Victoria

1987-06-01

Full Text Available

A experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect on growing pullets  (9 to 18 weeks and from this age to peak produc­tion due to the replacement of 0, 50 and 100 % milo by paddy rice in combina­tion with soybean meal (SBM or whole cooked  soybean (WCSB in the diet. De­kalb Warren pullets alloted with a comple­tely randomized design and factorial arrangement 2x3, with 5 replications by treatment and 30 experimental units of 60 pullets each were used. A 15 % of the pullets of each replications were used to evaluate the effects of the 3 pro­duction phase. The statistical   analysis showed differences (P < 0.01 in feed consumption, weight gain and feed effi­ciency due to the replacement of milo and to the protein source used. Paddy ri­ce and WCSB can respectively replace 100 %  milo and SBM in growing    pu­llets diet. There were differences (P < 0.05 in sexual and peak production but not in 50 % production age due to the replacement of milo, decreasing the age to sexual maturity and increasing to peak production. Also, there were differences (P <0.05 in age to sexual maturity, 50% and peak production due to the protein source with an earlier age to se­xual and 50 o/o production age but la­test age to peak production by the   use of WCSB. The best alternative for Cauca Valley conditions was 100 % paddy ri­ce + WCSB

En la dieta de pollas semipesadas, de la línea Dekalb Warren, de 9 a 18 semanas, se reemplazó el sorgo por arroz paddy (0,50 y 100% y se combinó con torta de so­ya ó soya integral cocida (SIC (100° C x 35 minutos. Las aves se distribuyeron me­diante un diseño completamente al azar y un arreglo factorial 3x2, los tratamientos se aplicaron 5 veces y 60 aves confor­maron cada unidad experimental. En el 15 % de las aves de cada replicación se evaluó el efecto hasta el pico de postura. En la fase de levante hubo diferencias (P < 0.01 en consumo, aumento de peso y conversión alimenticia. El arroz paddy

From seed to cooked pasta: influence of traditional and non-conventional transformation processes on total antioxidant capacity and phenolic acid content.

Science.gov (United States)

Martini, Daniela; Ciccoritti, Roberto; Nicoletti, Isabella; Nocente, Francesca; Corradini, Danilo; D'Egidio, Maria Grazia; Taddei, Federica

2018-02-01

The aim of this work was to compare the traditional with a non-conventional (i.e. kernel micronisation) durum wheat milling process by monitoring the content of bound, conjugated and free phenolic acids (PAs) and the level of the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) occurring in the durum wheat pasta production chain, from seed to cooked pasta. The traditional transformation processes negatively influenced TAC and PA content (40% and 89% decrease from seed to cooked pasta, respectively), mainly during the milling process (25% and 84% decrease of TAC and PA, respectively), which has been related to the removal of external layers of kernels. Conversely, the micronisation applied on durum wheat kernels allowed to obtain whole-wheat pasta that preserved the seed endowment of antioxidant compounds even in cooked pasta. These results indicate the micronisation as a valuable approach to produce pasta with improved nutritional value and potential health-promoting effects compared to the traditional pasta.

Durum Wheat in Conventional and Organic Farming: Yield Amount and Pasta Quality in Southern Italy

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Massimo Fagnano

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Five durum wheat cultivars were grown in a Mediterranean area (Southern Italy under conventional and organic farming with the aim to evaluate agronomic, technological, sensory, and sanitary quality of grains and pasta. The cultivar Matt produced the best pasta quality under conventional cropping system, while the quality parameters evaluated were unsatisfactory under organic farming. The cultivar Saragolla showed the best yield amount and pasta quality in all the experimental conditions, thus proving to be the cultivar more adapt to organic farming. In all the tested experimental conditions, nivalenol (NIV and deoxynivalenol (DON occurrence was very low and the other mycotoxins evaluated were completely absent. These data confirm the low risk of mycotoxin contamination in the Mediterranean climate conditions. Finally, it has been possible to produce high-quality pasta in Southern Italy from durum wheat grown both in conventional and organic farming.

Propriedades funcionais da semente do sorgo (Sorghum bicolor (L. Moench in natura e germinado

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D. D. F. Leite

2016-01-01

Full Text Available A utilização de sementes germinadas na elaboração de produtos alimentícios com boa qualidade nutricional é uma possibilidade e o sorgo pode se apresentar como alternativa ao consumo dos cereais convencionais. O objetivo deste estudo foi de observar as alterações nos parâmetros físico-químicos da semente de sorgo antes e após o processo de germinação, assim como avaliar as propriedades funcionais indicando suas possíveis utilizações como ingrediente alimentar. As sementes germinadas apresentaram um aumento no teor proteico, passando de 4,32 para 7,20%, além da diminuição no teor de amido e consequente aumento no teor de açúcares redutores. A partir das propriedades funcionais avaliadas, a semente de sorgo germinada apresentou uma boa capacidade de absorção de óleo, podendo ser utilizado como ingrediente para auxiliar na textura e suculência de produtos. A germinação garantiu boa capacidade de formação de espuma e sua estabilidade, podendo ser utilizado como ingrediente em produtos alimentícios de fermentação, como bolos e biscoitos, além de bom agente de formação de gel podendo ser útil em sistemas alimentícios como pudim e lanches, que requerem espessamento e gelificação.Properties of sorghum seed Functional (Sorghum bicolor (L. Moench in natura and germinatedAbstract: The use of germinated seeds in the preparation of food products with good nutritional quality is a possibility and sorghum can be presented as an alternative to the consumption of conventional cereals. The objective of this study was to observe the changes in physical and chemical parameters of sorghum seed before and after the germination process, and assess the functional properties indicating their possible use as a food ingredient. Germinated seeds showed an increase in protein content, from 4.32 to 7.20% in addition to the decrease in the starch content and the consequent increase in reducing sugars. From the functional properties

The syntactic organization of pasta-eating and the structure of reach movements in the head-fixed mouse.

Science.gov (United States)

Whishaw, Ian Q; Faraji, Jamshid; Kuntz, Jessica R; Mirza Agha, Behroo; Metz, Gerlinde A S; Mohajerani, Majid H

2017-09-08

Mice are adept in the use of their hands for activities such as feeding, which has led to their use in investigations of the neural basis of skilled-movements. We describe the syntactic organization of pasta-eating and the structure of hand movements used for pasta manipulation by the head-fixed mouse. An ethogram of mice consuming pieces of spaghetti reveals that they eat in bite/chew bouts. A bout begins with pasta lifted to the mouth and then manipulated with hand movements into a preferred orientation for biting. Manipulation involves many hand release-reach movements, each with a similar structure. A hand is advanced from a digit closed and flexed (collect) position to a digit extended and open position (overgrasp) and then to a digit closed and flexed (grasp) position. Reach distance, hand shaping, and grasp patterns featuring precision grasps or whole hand grasps are related. To bite, mice display hand preference and asymmetric grasps; one hand (guide grasp) directs food into the mouth and the other stabilizes the pasta for biting. When chewing after biting, the hands hold the pasta in a symmetric resting position. Pasta-eating is organized and features structured hand movements and so lends itself to the neural investigation of skilled-movements.

Cemento adicionado con un residuo del proceso de craqueo catalítico (FCC: hidratación y microestructura

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Silvia Izquierdo

2013-08-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo estudia el efecto de la incorporación de un residuo procedente de la industria petroquímica denominado catalizador gastado del craqueo catalítico (FCC en la hidratación y microestructura de pastas cementicias. Se utilizan como materiales de referencia, además del cemento portland (OPC, dos tipos de adición de alto desempeño, metacaolín (MK y humo de sílice (HS. La caracterización de los productos de hidratación se realizó por medio de difracción de rayos X (DRX, análisis termogravimétrico (TG, microscopia electrónica de barrido (SEM y resonancia magnética nuclear (NMR. Se complementa este estudio con la evaluación de la resistencia mecánica a compresión de morteros a edad hasta de 90 días. Los resultados indican que los principales productos de hidratación en las pastas adicionadas con FCC son silicato cálcico hidratado (CSH, aluminatos cálcicos hidratados (CAH y silicoaluminatos cálcicos hidratados (CASH. Pastas con 10% de FCC reportan un consumo de cal del 61% a edad de 360 días de curado, valor muy superior al reportado por las adiciones de MK y HS en la misma proporción, esto indica una mayor reactividad del FCC, que incluso se manifiesta a edades tempranas. Cabe anotar que, considerando el factor de dilución, la incorporación de un 10% de FCC como reemplazo del cemento contribuye a la resistencia del material adicionado en órdenes de hasta un 30%. Esto es un indicativo del uso potencial de este residuo como material suplementario en mezclas cementicias.

Calidad fisicoquímica, microbiológica y sensorial de tallarines producidos con sustitución parcial de sémola de trigo por harina de amaranto

OpenAIRE

Vedia-Quispe, Víctor Samir; Gurak, Poliana Deyse; Espinoza, Sandra Karin; Ruano-Ortiz, Juan Antonio

2016-01-01

Introducción: La pasta es un alimento de consumo masivo y de alta aceptabilidad a nivel mundial, debido a su bajo costo, su facilidad de preparación y almacenamiento. Generalmente es elaborada con sémola de trigo y agua. El proceso de sustituir la sémola de trigo por harina de amaranto promueve el desarrollo de nuevos productos y mejora el perfil nutricional de la pasta. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar las propiedades fisicoquímicas, microbiológicas y sensoriales de tallarines co...

Changes of antioxidant potential of pasta fortified with parsley (Petroselinum Crispum mill.) leaves in the light of protein-phenolics interactions.

Science.gov (United States)

Sęczyk, Łukasz; Świeca, Michał; Gawlik-Dziki, Urszula

2015-01-01

Pasta is considered as an effective carrier of prohealth ingredients in food fortification. The aim of this study was to examine the changes of antioxidant potential of wheat pasta affected by fortification with powdered parsley leaves. A special attention was paid to effectiveness of fortification in the light of proteinphenolic interactions. To improve antioxidant activity of pasta, part of wheat flour was replaced with powdered parsley leaves from 1% to 4% (w/w). The total phenolics content was determined with Folin-Ciocalteau reagent. Antioxidant capacity was evaluated using in vitro assays - abilities to scavenge free radicals (ABTS) and to reduce iron (III) (FRAP). Predicted phenolic contents and antioxidant activity were calculated. To determine the protein-phenolics interactions SE-HPLC and SDS-PAGE techniques were used. Fortification of pasta had a positive effect on its phenolic contents and antioxidant properties. The highest phenolics level and antioxidant activity of pasta were obtained by supplementation with 4% of parsley leaves. However, in most cases experimental values were significantly lower than those predicted. The protein profiles obtained after SDS-PAGE differed significantly among control and enriched pasta. Furthermore, the addition of parsley leaves to pasta resulted in increase of peaks areas obtained by SE-HPLC. Results indicate the occurrence of the protein-phenolics interactions in fortified pasta. Overall, the effectiveness of fortification and consequently biological effect is limited by many factors including interactions between phenolics and pasta proteins. In the light of this results the study of potential interaction of bioactive supplements with food matrix should be taken into account during designing new functional food products.

Effect of processing on phenolic acids composition and radical scavenging capacity of barley pasta.

Science.gov (United States)

De Paula, Rosanna; Rabalski, Iwona; Messia, Maria Cristina; Abdel-Aal, El-Sayed M; Marconi, Emanuele

2017-12-01

Phenolic acids, total phenolics content and DPPH radical scavenging capacity in raw ingredients, fresh and dried spaghetti, and in uncooked and cooked spaghetti were evaluated and compared with semolina spaghetti as a reference. Ferulic acid was the major phenolic acid found in the free and bound phenolic extracts in all the investigated pasta samples. The addition of barley flour into pasta at incorporation levels of 30, 50 and 100% increased phenolic acids and total phenolics content. Pasta processing did not significantly affect the total phenolics content and free radical scavenging capacity, but a significant reduction in total phenolic acids measured by HPLC was found. Drying process differently affected individual phenolic compounds in the free and bound fractions, and thus, the total phenolic acids content. Free vanillic, caffeic and p-coumaric acids did not significantly change, while p-hydroxybenzoic and ferulic acids of the free extracts showed higher values compared to the corresponding fresh pasta. Cooking did not greatly affect total phenolic acids, more leading to conserving free and bound phenolic compounds. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Resultados de una intervención motivacional con niños obesos o con sobrepeso y sus familias: Estudio Piloto

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Pedro Juan Tárraga López

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Introducción: el objetivo fue analizar los resultados de una intervención motivacional con modificación de los hábitos alimentarios, los estilos de vida y los trastornos emocionales en niños obesos de 6 a 12 años y sus familias. Material y métodos: Estudio de intervención con evaluación pre- y posintervención del programa Familias en Movimiento. Se incluyeron 11 niños (10 niñas y 1 niño de 6 a 12 años tratados con otros programas para la pérdida de peso sin éxito. Se evaluaron al inicio y al final los parámetros: Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC, los resultados de los cuestionarios: de Dieta Mediterránea y ansiedad en niños y el peso y la ansiedad de los adultos tras la intervención. Resultados: El IMC disminuyó de una mediana de 25,2 (Rango intercuartílico de 23,3–28,0 a 23,9 y (22,9–27,6 tras la intervención, cambio no estadísticamente significativo (p<0,086. La mediana de adherencia a la Dieta Mediterránea aumentó significativamente en 2,2 puntos (7,1 a 9,3, debido principalmente a que un mayor número de niños tomaban desayuno (44% y hubo una disminución del consumo de golosinas y bollería industrial en el desayuno (22,2%. La intervención redujo significativamente en 8,7 puntos la ansiedad en los niños. De los adultos, 9 de ellos participaron en la evaluación inicial, la media de disminución de peso fue de 3,6kg y la disminución de la ansiedad pasó de 45,6 a 27,3 (p=0,02. Conclusiones: La aplicación del programa Familias en Movimiento disminuyó el IMC, aumentó la puntuación en la adherencia a Dieta Mediterránea y disminuyó la ansiedad en los niños, además se redujo el peso y la ansiedad en los adultos que acompañaron en el programa a los niños.

Disordered nuclear pasta, magnetic field decay, and crust cooling in neutron stars

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Horowitz, C. J.; Berry, D. K.; Briggs, C. M.; Caplan, M. E.; Cumming, A.; Schneider, A. S.

2015-04-01

Nuclear pasta, with non-spherical shapes, is expected near the base of the crust in neutron stars. Large scale molecular dynamics simulations of pasta show long lived topological defects that could increase electron scattering and reduce both the thermal and electrical conductivities. We model a possible low conductivity pasta layer by increasing an impurity parameter Qimp. Predictions of light curves for the low mass X-ray binary MXB 1659-29, assuming a large Qimp, find continued late time cooling that is consistent with Chandra observations. The electrical and thermal conductivities are likely related. Therefore observations of late time crust cooling can provide insight on the electrical conductivity and the possible decay of neutron star magnetic fields (assuming these are supported by currents in the crust). This research was supported in part by DOE Grants DE-FG02-87ER40365 (Indiana University) and DE-SC0008808 (NUCLEI SciDAC Collaboration).

Structural and Nutritional Properties of Pasta from Triticum monococcum and Triticum durum Species. A Combined ¹H NMR, MRI, and Digestibility Study.

Science.gov (United States)

Pasini, Gabriella; Greco, Fulvia; Cremonini, Mauro A; Brandolini, Andrea; Consonni, Roberto; Gussoni, Maristella

2015-05-27

The aim of the present study was to characterize the structure of two different types of pasta, namely Triticum turgidum ssp. durum (cv. Saragolla) and Triticum monococcum ssp. monococcum (cv. Monlis), under different processing conditions. MRI analysis and NMR spectroscopy (i.e., T1 and T2 NMR relaxation times and diffusion parameters) were conducted on pasta, and (1)H NMR spectroscopic analysis of the chemical compounds released by pasta samples during the cooking process was performed. In addition, starch digestibility (enzimatically determined) was also investigated. The NMR results indicated that Saragolla pasta has a more compact structure, ascribed to pasta network and in particular to different technological gluten properties, that mainly determine the lower ability of Monlis pasta in binding water. These results correlate well with the lower rate of starch hydrolysis measured for Monlis pasta compared to Saragolla when both are dried at high temperature.

Mejora de la calidad de la dieta y del estado nutricional en población infantil mediante un programa innovador de educación nutricional: INFADIMED

OpenAIRE

Maria del Mar Bibiloni; Jordi Fernández-Blanco; Noemí Pujol-Plana; Núria Martín-Galindo; Maria Mercè Fernández-Vallejo; Mariona Roca-Domingo; Juan Chamorro-Medina; Josep A. Tur

2017-01-01

Objetivo: Evaluar los resultados de un programa de educación nutricional desarrollado con recursos locales para mejorar la calidad de la dieta y reducir la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en la población infantil. Método: Estudio longitudinal de intervención por educación nutricional (INFADIMED) en población infantil (3-7 años) de Vilafranca del Penedès (Barcelona) reclutada en centros de educación infantil y primaria, con grupo de intervención o INFADIMED (n = 319; 50,2% niñas) y grup...

Efecto antibacteriano de las pastas 3 mix-mp y calen pmcc® en un biofilm de tres bacterias predominantes en periodontitis apical crónica

OpenAIRE

Salcedo Moncada, Doris Elizabeth

2015-01-01

El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar ”in vitro” la actividad antibacteriana de dos pastas: 3 Mix-MP y Calen PMCC® como medicación intraconducto en un biofilm formado por 3 cepas: Porphyromona Gingivalis, Enterococcus Faecalis y Peptostreptococcus Anaerobius, presentes en Periodontis apical crónica; se utilizaron 32 piezas dentarias (premolares) a las cuales se les aplicó el mismo protocolo: fueron instrumentadas con sistema Mtwo hasta la lima 40.04, luego 22 piezas fueron seccionadas...

The external PASTA domain of the essential serine/threonine protein kinase PknB regulates mycobacterial growth.

Science.gov (United States)

Turapov, Obolbek; Loraine, Jessica; Jenkins, Christopher H; Barthe, Philippe; McFeely, Daniel; Forti, Francesca; Ghisotti, Daniela; Hesek, Dusan; Lee, Mijoon; Bottrill, Andrew R; Vollmer, Waldemar; Mobashery, Shahriar; Cohen-Gonsaud, Martin; Mukamolova, Galina V

2015-07-01

PknB is an essential serine/threonine protein kinase required for mycobacterial cell division and cell-wall biosynthesis. Here we demonstrate that overexpression of the external PknB_PASTA domain in mycobacteria results in delayed regrowth, accumulation of elongated bacteria and increased sensitivity to β-lactam antibiotics. These changes are accompanied by altered production of certain enzymes involved in cell-wall biosynthesis as revealed by proteomics studies. The growth inhibition caused by overexpression of the PknB_PASTA domain is completely abolished by enhanced concentration of magnesium ions, but not muropeptides. Finally, we show that the addition of recombinant PASTA domain could prevent regrowth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and therefore offers an alternative opportunity to control replication of this pathogen. These results suggest that the PknB_PASTA domain is involved in regulation of peptidoglycan biosynthesis and maintenance of cell-wall architecture.

Effect of hydrothermal treated corn flour addition on the quality of corn-field bean gluten-free pasta

OpenAIRE

Dib Ahlem; Wójtowicz Agnieszka; Benatallah Leila; Bouasla Abdallah; Zidoune Mohammed Nasreddine

2018-01-01

Corn semolina supplemented by field bean semolina in ratio of 2/1 (w/w) were used for obtaining protein and fiber enriched gluten-free pasta. The effect of hydrothermal treatment of corn flour on its applicability as gluten-free pasta improver was tested. A central composite design involving water hydration level and the amount of hydrothermal treated corn flour were used. Instrumental analyses of pasta (cooking loss, water absorption capacity, hydration and pasting properties, textural param...

Analisi comparativa della dieta di alcuni carnivori opportunisti (Vulpes vulpes, Martes foina, Meles meles in Europa

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anna Maria De Marinis

2003-10-01

Full Text Available L'ecologia alimentare della volpe, del tasso ed in misura minore della faina è stata ampiamente studiata in diverse aree comprese all'interno degli areali di queste 3 specie. La variazione geografica delle abitudini alimentari di questi carnivori definiti opportunisti è al contrario decisamente poco nota. Scopo del presente lavoro è la descrizione della variazione della dieta di faina, tasso e volpe attraverso l'Europa ed in secondo luogo l'analisi comparativa delle strategie alimentari adottate da questi carnivori. Sono stati analizzati 19 studi per la volpe, 11 per la faina e 23 per il tasso. Sono stati presi in considerazione soltanto gli studi della durata di almeno un anno nei quali la composizione della dieta, determinata tramite analisi delle feci, fosse espressa in percentuale di volume o biomassa e le categorie alimentari fossero dettagliatamente descritte. Gli studi sono stati divisi in gruppi in base alla regione climatica di appartenenza (mediterranea, centroeuropea, atlantica e boreale. Le categorie alimentari utilizzate nell'analisi della variabilità geografica sono: mammiferi, uccelli, anfibi, artropodi, lombrichi, altro animale, frutta, cereali, rifiuti. L'analisi delle componenti principali, condotta separatamente sulle 3 specie, ha consentito l'individuazione su di un grafico bidimensionale di due gruppi riferibili all'Europa centro-settentrionale ed alla regione mediterranea, con una percentuale di variabilità spiegata > 76% per ognuna delle 3 specie. La composizione della dieta del primo gruppo risulta caratterizzata da elevate percentuali di mammiferi e secondariamente uccelli per la volpe, uccelli ed altro animale per la faina e lombrichi, cereali ed anfibi per il tasso. La composizione della dieta nella regione mediterranea risulta invece caratterizzata da elevate percentuali di artropodi e frutta per tutte e 3 le specie di carnivori. L'analisi dicriminante ha consentito di differenziare gli studi condotti in ambiente

Protocolo para el diseño de una escala específica de auto-eficacia en la adherencia a una dieta sin gluten: Escala de celiaquía y auto-eficacia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ricardo Fueyo-Díaz

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Antecedentes: La enfermedad celíaca es un trastorno autoinmune crónico, caracterizado por una intolerancia permanente al gluten, con una prevalencia del 1%, y para la que el único tratamiento hasta la fecha consiste en seguir una dieta estricta libre de gluten de por vida. La falta de adherencia a este tratamiento está relacionada con problemas de salud graves, mientras que el cumplimiento conduce a la normalización. Recientemente, la auto-eficacia se ha asociado con comportamientos de autogestión de las enfermedades crónicas y el estado de salud en muchos campos.Objetivos: Diseñar y validar una escala para medir la auto-eficacia en la adherencia a una dieta libre de gluten en los diferentes ámbitos a los que se enfrentan todos los días los pacientes con enfermedad celíaca.Material y Métodos: Para el proceso de validación, el equipo de investigación reclutará a 500 personas diagnosticadas de enfermedad celíaca, de más de 12 años de edad, a partir de los servicios de atención primaria y las asociaciones de pacientes. Se diseñará una escala para explorar la autoeficacia específica en la adherencia a una dieta sin gluten en las siguientes áreas: compras, comer fuera de casa, comer en casa con otros, viajar y comer en el trabajo o en el colegio. Se llevará a acabo un panel de expertos para asegurar la calidad de los ítems y la utilidad de la escala. Se realizarán los estudios piloto que sean necesarios para su mejora y se analizará su validez de constructo mediante un análisis factorial exploratorio mientras que la validez concurrente será medida mediante su correlación con la adaptación española del General Self Efficacy Scale de Baessler y Schwarzer. La fiabilidad del instrumento, así como de cada uno de los factores, será determinada utilizando el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de consistencia interna. Dos semanas más tarde, la escala será administrada a, al menos, un tercio de la muestra para obtener una

78 FR 15046 - Certain Pasta From Italy and Turkey; Revised Schedule for the Subject Reviews

Science.gov (United States)

2013-03-08

... INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION [Investigation Nos. 701-TA-365-366 and 731-TA-734-735 (Third Review)] Certain Pasta From Italy and Turkey; Revised Schedule for the Subject Reviews AGENCY: United States... pasta from Italy and Turkey (78 FR 9937, February 12, 2013). The Commission is revising its schedule as...

The use of green banana (Musa balbisiana pulp and peel flour as an ingredient for tagliatelle pasta

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vanessa Naciuk Castelo-Branco

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Abstract Green banana flour shows good potential as a functional ingredient for special-purpose foods, but there are no data in the literature concerning the use of a green banana pulp and peel flour for the development of products such as pasta. The aim of the present study was to develop tagliatelle pasta substituting the wheat flour with different concentrations of a green banana mixed pulp and peel flour. The pasta formulations were prepared replacing the wheat flour by the green banana mixed pulp and peel flour in two concentrations: 15% and 30%. A control formulation with wheat flour was also prepared. The green banana mixed pulp and peel flour presented higher ash, total fibre and total phenolic compound contents than traditional wheat flour. The pasta formulation with the addition of 15% green banana flour showed the highest ash content and the best sensory acceptability of all the formulations. It was concluded that it was possible to develop a tagliatelle pasta with satisfactory acceptance replacing the wheat flour by a green banana mixed pulp and peel flour.

Curvature effect on nuclear 'pasta': Is it helpful for gyroid appearance?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nakazato, Ken'ichiro; Iida, Kei; Oyamatsu, Kazuhiro

2011-01-01

In supernova cores and neutron star crusts, nuclei are thought to deform to rodlike and slablike shapes, which are often called nuclear pasta. We study the equilibrium properties of the nuclear pasta by using a liquid-drop model with curvature corrections. It is confirmed that the curvature effect acts to lower the transition densities between different shapes. We also examine the gyroid structure, which was recently suggested as a different type of nuclear pasta by analogy with the polymer systems. The gyroid structure investigated in this paper is approximately formulated as an extension of the periodic minimal surface whose mean curvature vanishes. In contrast to our expectations, we find, from the present approximate formulation, that the curvature corrections act to slightly disfavor the appearance of the gyroid structure. By comparing the energy corrections in the gyroid phase and the hypothetical phases composed of d-dimensional spheres, where d is a general dimensionality, we show that the gyroid is unlikely to belong to a family of the generalized dimensional spheres.

CÁNCER DE MAMA Y DIETA: REVISIÓN

OpenAIRE

Fernández Ortega, Jairo Alejandro

2010-01-01

El cáncer es una de las principales causas de mortalidad y el número total de casos está aumentando en todo el mundo. En las mujeres, el cáncer de mama es el segundo cáncer más frecuente, su aparición está asociada a varios factores de riesgo: como estilos de vida poco sanos (consumo de tabaco y alcohol, dieta inadecuada, falta de actividad física) y exposición a carcinógenos. El propósito de este estudio es identificar y comprender las relaciones entre la dieta y el riesgo de cáncer de mama....

Batter and method for preparing a pasta

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Wind, P.; Linden, van der E.

2011-01-01

This invention describes a batter that is suitable for preparing a pasta. The batter comprises water, a starch and a protein, whereby the weight ratio between the protein and the total amount of starch in the batter is represented by the symbol y and whereby the weight percentage of the total amount

Nuclear ``pasta'' structures in low-density nuclear matter and properties of the neutron-star crust

Science.gov (United States)

Okamoto, Minoru; Maruyama, Toshiki; Yabana, Kazuhiro; Tatsumi, Toshitaka

2013-08-01

In the neutron-star crust, nonuniform structure of nuclear matter—called the “pasta” structure—is expected. From recent studies of giant flares in magnetars, these structures might be related to some observables and physical quantities of the neutron-star crust. To investigate the above quantities, we numerically explore the pasta structure with a fully three-dimensional geometry and study the properties of low-density nuclear matter, based on the relativistic mean-field model and the Thomas-Fermi approximation. We observe typical pasta structures for fixed proton number fraction and two of them for cold catalyzed matter. We also discuss the crystalline configuration of “pasta.”