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Sample records for cmv em bananeiras

  1. Bactérias diazotróficas em mudas de bananeira

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    WEBER OLMAR BALLER

    2000-01-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho objetivou selecionar bactérias diazotróficas isoladas de bananeira (Musa spp. e avaliar sua influência no crescimento de mudas micropropagadas. Bactérias do tipo Herbaspirillum e relacionadas a Burkholderia cepacia foram inoculadas em plântulas de banana cv. Prata Anã e cv. Caipira. As bananeiras cv. Prata Anã, cultivadas in vitro com substrato pobre em N, apresentaram maior crescimento na presença de bactérias do tipo Herbaspirillum, ao passo que as bananeiras cv. Caipira cresceram melhor com o inóculo contendo bactérias do gênero Burkholderia. Em casa de vegetação, as bananeiras cv. Caipira crescidas em sacolas de plástico contendo areia e vermiculita (1:2, suplementada com a solução de Hoagland contendo 5 mg L-1 de N, apresentaram maior crescimento quando da inoculação simultânea dos dois gêneros de bactérias, em comparação à inoculação individual. A inoculação simultânea proporcionou um crescimento nas bananeiras equivalente ao observado nas plantas-controles adubadas com 50 mg L-1 de N no substrato, porém o teor e o acúmulo de N na parte aérea das bananeiras foram menores. A contribuição de bactérias diazotróficas no crescimento de bananeiras é demonstrada pela primeira vez.

  2. Aplicação de boro em bananeira

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    Edson Shigueaki Nomura

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available A fertilização de bananeiras com micronutrientes é pouco estudada, principalmente a aplicação de boro (B que apresenta funções ligadas ao desenvolvimento de meristemas apicais. Desta forma, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi estudar as respostas da adubação com B em diferentes doses e formas de aplicação em bananeira 'Grande Naine'. Utilizou-se delineamento experimental em esquema fatorial com três doses (0,85; 1,70 e 3,40 g planta-1 e três formas de aplicação do fertilizante (solo, folhas e orifício do perfilho desbastado, utilizando-se de ácido bórico como fonte de B, mais uma testemunha sem aplicação de B. Avaliaram-se os efeitos dos tratamentos na disponibilidade do B no solo, no desenvolvimento, no estado nutricional e na produção de frutos das bananeiras. A aplicação de B no solo e nas folhas aumentou a disponibilidade do micronutriente na camada superficial do solo (entre 1,0-1,5 mg kg-1, para a maior dose do nutriente e correspondente aumento até 20-40 cm, como resultado da lixiviação. A contribuição da adubação foliar no aumento do teor no solo deveu-se à lavagem e ao escorrimento da solução fertilizante das folhas para a superfície do solo. Por outro lado, não houve efeito do B quando aplicado no orifício do perfilho desbastado (~0,3 mg kg-1 de B. Também, verificou-se que não houve efeitos da aplicação de B no desenvolvimento da bananeira (altura e diâmetro do pseudocaule medidos após a emissão da inflorescência. Nas amostragens quinzenais, os teores foliares de B, quando aplicado no orifício do perfilho desbastado, foram maiores e prolongaram-se por até um mês após a aplicação na bananeira. Porém, na última amostragem foliar (emissão da inflorescência, não houve efeito da forma de aplicação nos teores foliares de B (~20 mg kg-1. Não foram observados efeitos da fertilização na produção de frutos em função das doses e formas de aplicação do B, porém a aplicação no

  3. Comportamento agronômico de bananeira 'Prata-anã' em função do tipo de muda

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    Luiz Antonio Junqueira Teixeira

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available Foi realizado um experimento de campo com bananeira 'Prata-anã', visando a avaliar o comportamento agronômico de plantas estabelecidas a partir de três tipos de mudas: convencional, micropropagadas em meio sólido e em meio líquido. A área experimental foi instalada no município de Cristais Paulista-SP (20º23'S; 47º30'W, cujo clima é caracterizado por verão chuvoso e inverno seco. Avaliaram-se o crescimento e a fenologia por meio de medidas periódicas de comprimento e diâmetro do pseudocaule das plantas até a emissão da inflorescência. A incidência de doenças (CMV e mal-do-panamá foi estimada visualmente em função da apresentação de sintomas característicos pelas plantas. As plantas originadas de mudas micropropagadas apresentaram crescimento e desenvolvimento iniciais mais vigorosos, maior precocidade e cachos mais leves do que aquelas estabelecidas com mudas convencionais. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas em relação à incidência de doenças e ao tamanho dos frutos produzidos, em função dos tipos de mudas.

  4. Crescimento vegetativo da bananeira Nanica em dois ciclos sucessivos em função da aplicação de biofertilizantes líquidos

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    Aldair Souza Medeiros

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available Objetivou-se com essa pesquisa estudar os efeitos de biofertilizantes no crescimento vegetativo da bananeira Nanica, em dois ciclos sucessivos, no semiárido paraibano.O experimento foi conduzido, em condições de campo, no Campus IV, da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba. O solo da área experimental é classificado como Neossolo Flúvico de textura arenosa não apresentando problemas de acidez e alcalinidade. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o de blocos casualizados, com 50 tratamentos, no esquema fatorial 5 x 10, com quatro repetições, totalizando 200 parcelas experimentais (1 planta ou touceira/parcela. Os resultados obtidos na pesquisa mostram que o crescimento da bananeira Nanica (1° ciclo não foi afetado pelos tipos de biofertilizantes aplicados; os valores de diâmetro do pseudocaule, área foliar unitária e área folia da planta da bananeira Nanica (1° ciclo aumentaram com o incremento das doses de biofertilizante até os limites ótimos de 1,56; 1,63; e 1,54 L/aplicação, respectivamente, proporcionando valores ótimos dessas variáveis, havendo reduções a partir desses patamares; o crescimento da bananeira Nanica (2° ciclo não foi afetado pelas doses de biofertilizantes aplicados; o biofertilizante B5, que contém o maior número de ingredientes na sua composição, se sobressaiu, de forma significativa, sobre os demais tipos, proporcionando maiores altura da planta e área foliar da planta da bananeira Nanica (2° ciclo.

  5. Torta de mamona no controle da broca-do-rizoma (Cosmopolites sordidus em bananeira-Terra

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    Leila Cristina Rosa de Lins

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da torta de mamona sobre a infestação por Cosmopolites sordidus e o desenvolvimento de mudas de bananeira cultivar Terra. Avaliaram-se diferentes dosagens da torta de mamona (0 g, 12 g, 15 g, 18 g e 24 g aplicadas a cada dois meses, a partir do plantio em mudas de bananeira dispostas num delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com dez repetições. Avaliou-se a evolução vegetativa das mudas pela altura da planta, pelo diâmetro do pseudocaule e pelo número de folhas verdes. Efetuou-se a infestação das plantas com 25 adultos de C. sordidus em cada muda. Os danos causados foram avaliados por meio da percentagem de galerias no rizoma, número de adultos vivos e mortos, número de larvas e número de pupas. Determinou-se também o efeito dos tratamentos sobre o valor de absorbância relativo ao teor de clorofila nas folhas por meio do uso de um clorofilômetro. Observou-se baixa infestação da broca-do-rizoma nas mudas tratadas com a torta de mamona. O crescimento e a absorbância foram afetados positivamente pela aplicação da torta de mamona. Assim, a torta de mamona reduz a população de C. sordidus nos rizomas de bananeira cv. Terra, favorece o crescimento das plantas e aumenta o valor de absorbância.

  6. Desenvolvimento e produção da bananeira 'grande naine' sob diferentes densidades de plantio em região com ocorrência natural de sigatoka-negra

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    Edson Shigueaki Nomura

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available A alta densidade de plantio de algumas cultivares de bananeira é uma prática utilizável para aumentar a produtividade, sobretudo em regiões afetadas pela Sigatoka. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o desenvolvimento e a produção de bananeiras 'Grande Naine' cultivadas em diferentes densidades de plantio para a convivência com a Sigatoka-Negra no Vale do Ribeira-SP. Para isso, foi instalado pomar de bananeiras produzidas in vitro da 'Grande Naine', em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 5 x 2, sendo cinco densidades (2.500; 2.222; 2.000; 1.667 e 1.111 plantas.ha-1 e dois ciclos de produção. A severidade da Sigatoka-Negra foi monitorada semanalmente, utilizando o método de Estado da Evolução (EE e para o seu controle foram definidas pela segunda progressão consecutiva da severidade e/ou aumento superior a 200 pontos de uma semana para a outra. De cada parcela, oito plantas foram avaliadas quanto à altura, diâmetro do pseudocaule, número de folhas ativas no florescimento e na colheita, massa fresca dos frutos comercializáveis, produtividade, número de pencas e frutos no cacho, massa fresca total e por frutos da 2ª penca, comprimento e diâmetro de frutos da 2ª penca. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância pelo teste F, e as médias, quando significativas, foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (5% de probabilidade. Diante das condições experimentais, conclui-se que o adensamento não influenciou no desenvolvimento em altura da planta e no diâmetro do pseudocaule de bananeira 'Grande Naine'. O adensamento de plantas proporcionou maiores produtividades de bananeira 'Grande Naine' nas condições do Vale do Ribera-SP.

  7. Substratos e fungo micorrízico arbuscular em mudas micropropagadas de bananeira na fase de aclimatação

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    Trindade Aldo Vilar

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available Visando a avaliar diferentes substratos na formação de mudas de bananeira e seu efeito na resposta da planta à inoculação do fungo micorrízico Gigaspora margarita, foi conduzido um experimento em estufa de aclimatação da Biofábrica CAMPO - CPA/Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura, Cruz das Almas, Bahia. Foram testados 13 substratos, com e sem inoculação do fungo, em plântulas na fase de aclimatação. A inoculação foi realizada no momento do transplante e, após 55 dias de cultivo, obtiveram-se dados de crescimento, nutrição mineral e colonização micorrízica. O fungo micorrízico arbuscular (FMA Gigaspora margarita colonizou intensamente e mostrou-se benéfico para o desenvolvimento das mudas de bananeira, sendo o seu efeito modulado pelo substrato de crescimento; o substrato turfa + vermiculita + 5% de esterco destacou-se entre os melhores para a formação de mudas normais e sadias, mas só quando associado à inoculação do FMA; o uso de substrato comercial Rendmax Citrus promoveu o melhor desenvolvimento das mudas, mas inibiu a colonização e o efeito da micorriza; a complementação mineral do Rendmax Citrus não se mostrou necessária para o cultivo de mudas de bananeira; o uso de vermicomposto mostrou-se promissor para a produção de mudas de bananeira, permitindo o efeito da inoculação com FMA.

  8. Características vegetativas e seus efeitos sobre a produção de bananeira em três ciclos

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    Lauro Saraiva Lessa

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available A produtividade em bananeira é um caráter complexo que resulta da associação de diferentes fatores, influenciados pelo ambiente. Este trabalho teve por objetivo estudar os efeitos diretos e indiretos de características vegetativas sobre a produção de bananeira em três ciclos. O trabalho foi conduzido no campo experimental da Embrapa Acre, em Rio Branco, Acre, entre os anos de 2003 e 2006. Foram avaliados 13 genótipos de bananeira (Preciosa, Japira, Pacovan-Ken, Pacovan, BRS Platina, Prata-Anã, ST12-31, Nanicão, Grande Naine, Calipso, Ambrosia, Bucaneiro e FHIA-02, no espaçamento de 3 m x 2 m, no esquema de blocos ao acaso, com cinco repetições. Determinaram-se a altura de plantas, diâmetro do pseudocaule, número de folhas na floração e na colheita, peso do cacho e número de pencas no cacho. Realizou-se a análise de variância para cada ciclo e estimaram-se os coeficientes de correlação fenotípicos e os coeficientes de trilha. Adotou-se como variável básica o peso do cacho, e as demais, como variáveis explicativas. O estudo dos efeitos diretos e indiretos evidenciou que o caráter produção é bastante influenciado pelo ambiente no primeiro ciclo, e, nos ciclos seguintes, a produção é muito influenciada pelas características vegetativas, principalmente número de folhas na colheita.

  9. Melhoramento genético da bananeira: estratégias e tecnologias disponíveis

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    Sebastião de Oliveira e Silva

    2013-09-01

    Full Text Available A banana cultivada 107 países, em uma área de 4,1 milhões de hectares e produção de 95 milhões de toneladas, é segunda fruta mais produzida do mundo. A bananeira é atacada por vírus (CMV e BSV, fungos (Sigatoka amarela e negra, mal-do-Panamá, bactéria (Moko, nematoide e insetos (Broca do rizoma. No entanto, por meio do melhoramento genético é possível obter resistência a maioria das pragas e doenças. O centro de origem de grande parte do germoplasma de Musa spp. é o Continente Asiático, onde são encontradas bananeiras diploides, triploides tetraploides, com genomas de Musa acuminta e M. balbisiana. No melhoramento de banana, feito principalmente para resistência às doenças, são usados os seguintes métodos: introdução e seleção de clones; hibridação (cruzamentos de diploides com diploides, triploides com diploides e diploides com tetraploides; duplicação de cromossomos; mutação e transgenia. Os métodos que envolvem hibridação, embora sejam os mais usados, apresentam limitações como a partenocarpia, a esterilidade; o número variável de ploidia e a baixa produção de sementes. Todo material produzido no programa, é depois avaliado nas regiões produtoras de banana. Atualmente novas técnicas de melhoramento, baseadas em informações genéticas de Musa spp. estão sendo incrementadas.

  10. Fungos micorrízicos arbusculares em bananeiras cultivadas no Vale do Submédio São Francisco

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    Melo,Adriana Mayumi Yano de; Maia,Leonor Costa; Morgado,Luiz Balbino

    1997-01-01

    Na região do Vale do São Francisco, onde a exploração da agricultura irrigada é a principal responsável pela alta produção de frutas para exportação, a banana é uma das culturas que mais tem se expandido em área cultivada. Com o objetivo de registrar os fungos micorrízicos arbusculares associados a essa cultura, foram coletadas, sob a parte aérea da bananeira, amostras de solo da rizosfera, em quatro áreas com diferentes características de solo, sendo identificadas as espécies: Acaulospora lo...

  11. HERBASPIRILLUM-LIKE BACTERIA IN BANANA PLANTS Bactérias do tipo Herbaspirillum em bananeira

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    Olmar B. Weber

    2001-10-01

    Full Text Available Diazotrophic bacteria isolated from banana plants were characterized by morphological and physiological aspects. Three different groups of these plant-bacteria could be established. Two of them showed similarity to species of the Herbaspirillum genus. The third one was different because used only a few carbon substrates and produced water diffusible compounds that fluoresced under UV light. All three bacterial groups were thin rods with mono or bipolar flagella, presented negative reaction in Gram stain, showed catalase activity, were able to reduce nitrate and grew better in semi-solid JNFb medium at 31ºC. The nitrogenase activity was detected in semi-solid N-free JNFb medium and expressed higher values when pH ranged from 6.5 to 7.0 (groups I and II and 6.0 to 6.5 (group III. The diazotrophs isolated from banana plants were distinct from species of Herbaspirillum previously identified in gramineous plants.Bactérias diazotróficas do tipo Herbaspirillum isoladas de bananeiras foram avaliadas pelas características morfológicas e fisiológicas de crescimento. Três grupos de bactérias foram estabelecidos, sendo dois relacionados às espécies de Herbaspirillum e diferentemente o terceiro grupo apresentou habilidade em crescer com poucos substratos orgânicos e produziu substância fluorescente em meio B de King. As bactérias dos três grupos eram bastonetes com flagelos mono ou bipolares, apresentaram reação negativa na coloração de Gram, expressaram atividade de catalase e oxidade, foram capazes de reduzir o nitrato e cresceram melhor em meio JNFb semi-sólido incubado a 31ºC. A atividade da nitrogenase, medida através da atividade de redução de acetileno, foi máxima em meio JNFb semi-sólido, após o ajuste de pH na faixa de 6,0 a 7,0 (grupos I e II e 5,5 a 6,5 (grupo III. As bactérias diazotróficas associadas às bananeiras são diferentes das espécies de Herbaspirillum anteriormente identificadas em gramíneas.

  12. Cultivo in vitro da bananeira Prata Anã clone Gorutuba, em meio líquido, agitado e estacionário

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    Annanda Mendes Costa; Renata Aparecida Neres Faria; Luciana Nogueira Londe; Emerson Brito Ribeiro; Nayara de Souza Damascena

    2016-01-01

    RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o cultivo in vitro da bananeira Prata Anã (Musa spp.), clone Gorutuba, em diferentes volumes de meio líquido, nos sistemas estacionário e sob agitação, comparando-os com o cultivo tradicional em meio semissólido. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, sendo um fatorial 5 x 2 + 1, com cinco volumes (10, 15, 20, 25 e 30 mL) de meio líquido e dois sistemas de cultivo (agitação e estacionário) e a testemunha (meio semiss...

  13. Comportamento agronômico de bananeira 'Prata-anã' em função do tipo de muda Agromic performance of 'Prata-anã' banana regarding to plant propagation method

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    Luiz Antonio Junqueira Teixeira

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available Foi realizado um experimento de campo com bananeira 'Prata-anã', visando a avaliar o comportamento agronômico de plantas estabelecidas a partir de três tipos de mudas: convencional, micropropagadas em meio sólido e em meio líquido. A área experimental foi instalada no município de Cristais Paulista-SP (20º23'S; 47º30'W, cujo clima é caracterizado por verão chuvoso e inverno seco. Avaliaram-se o crescimento e a fenologia por meio de medidas periódicas de comprimento e diâmetro do pseudocaule das plantas até a emissão da inflorescência. A incidência de doenças (CMV e mal-do-panamá foi estimada visualmente em função da apresentação de sintomas característicos pelas plantas. As plantas originadas de mudas micropropagadas apresentaram crescimento e desenvolvimento iniciais mais vigorosos, maior precocidade e cachos mais leves do que aquelas estabelecidas com mudas convencionais. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas em relação à incidência de doenças e ao tamanho dos frutos produzidos, em função dos tipos de mudas.A field experiment with 'Prata-anã' banana was conducted to evaluate the agronomic performance of tissue culture-propagated plants in solid or liquid culture medium and conventionally propagated plants. The experiment was installed in Cristais Paulista (20º23'S; 47º30'W, Planalto Region of State of Sao Paulo (Brazil. This region is characterized by a summer rainy season and dry winter. Plant growth and phenology were assessed through periodic measurements of length and stem diameter of the plants until flowering. The incidence of diseases (CMV and Panama disease was estimated visually according to the presentation of symptoms by plants. The tissue culture-propagated-plants in solid or liquid medium showed initial growth and development more vigorous, precocious flowering and lighter bunches than those from conventionally propagated plants. There were no significant differences in the incidence of

  14. Crescimento e produção de primeiro ciclo da bananeira 'Prata Anã' (AAB em sete espaçamentos

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    PEREIRA MARLON CRISTIAN TOLEDO

    2000-01-01

    Full Text Available Este estudo teve por objetivo verificar o comportamento da bananeira (Musa spp. 'Prata Anã' no primeiro ciclo de produção na localidade de Jaíba, MG, submetida a sete espaçamentos, com irrigação. Os tratamentos foram: triângulo: 2,7 m x 3,2 m (1.157 covas/ha e 2,9 m x 3,4 m (1.014 covas/ha; fileira dupla em triângulo: 4,5 m x 2,0 m x 3,0 m (1.026 covas/ha e 4,5 m x 2,0 m x 2,0 m (1.538 covas/ha; fileira dupla em retângulo: 4,5 m x 2,0 m x 3,5 m (879 covas/ha; e retângulo: 4,0 m x 2,0 m (1.250 covas/ha e 3,0 m x 2,0 m (1.666 covas/ha. Os sistemas de espaçamento e as densidades populacionais testados não alteraram as taxas de crescimento das plantas nem suas características na época da colheita. Entretanto, as bananeiras plantadas em maiores densidades apresentaram maior produtividade, atingindo até 29,1 t/ha. As plantas apresentaram, em média, ciclo do plantio à colheita de 411 dias, ciclo do florescimento à colheita de 141 dias, e cachos com 17,7 kg, 9,1 pencas e 134 frutos. Para o primeiro ciclo de produção, o espaçamento mais apropriado foi de 3,0 m x 2,0 m, em retângulo, para a região de Jaíba.

  15. Uso da rapadura como meio nutritivo para cultivo in vitro de bananeira cv. Maçã

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    Juliana Martins Ribeiro

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da rapadura sobre o desenvolvimento, in vitro, de bananeira, cv. Maçã, visando à redução de custos de produção, por cultura de tecidos. Explantes de bananeira foram inoculados em meios nutritivos, formulados à base de rapadura, com quatro concentrações distintas (10, 25, 50 e 75% de solução de rapadura, e os dados obtidos foram comparados com aqueles das plantas cultivadas em meio MS 100% (controle, perfazendo um total de cinco tratamentos. Ao final de 60 dias, foram avaliados os números médios de folhas, brotos e raízes, bem como os números médios de explantes mortos e oxidados. Não houve diferença significativa entre os tratamentos para a maior parte dos parâmetros avaliados, exceto para o número médio de explantes oxidados, que foi maior no tratamento com 75% de rapadura. Concluiu-se que meios nutritivos com até 50% de rapadura em sua composição, sem reguladores vegetais, podem ser utilizados em substituição ao meio MS para o cultivo in vitro de bananeira.

  16. Aclimatização de mudas micropropagadas de bananeira 'Grand Naine' com aplicação de biofertilizantes em duas estações do ano

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    Edson Shigueaki Nomura

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available A utilização de mudas de bananeira micropropagadas de qualidade é o primeiro passo na implantação de um bom pomar e, para isso, sua aclimatização deve ser realizada de forma adequada. Em vista disso, objetivou-se, neste trabalho, avaliar o desempenho dos biofertilizantes HUMITEC® e RUTER AA® no desenvolvimento de mudas de bananeira micropropagadas, sendo instalado um experimento em viveiro comercial de produção de mudas. Foram utilizadas mudas de bananeira cv. Grand Naine, obtidas por micropropagação, sendo, posteriormente, transplantadas em sacos de polietileno preto (1,5 L, contendo, como substrato, terra de subsolo (Latossolo Amarelo, casca de arroz carbonizada e composto orgânico Organifol® (1:1:1. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, fatorial 2 x 4 (produtos e doses, com quatro repetições e quatro plantas úteis por parcela. Os tratamentos foram compostos pelos seguintes biofertilizantes e doses: HUMITEC® (0,0; 4,0; 8,0; 16,0 mL planta-1 e RUTER AA® (0,0; 2,0; 4,0; 8,0 mL planta-1. As doses dos produtos foram divididas em duas aplicações (28 e 56 dias após o transplantio das mudas, aplicadas via fertirrigação. Noventa e oito dias após o transplantio avaliaram-se as seguintes variáveis: altura das plantas (cm, diâmetro do colo rente superfície do solo (mm, área foliar total e por folha, biomassas fresca e seca da parte aérea e das raízes (g. Os dados foram submetidos análise da variância e quando o teste F foi significativo, realizou-se análise de regressão. Pode-se concluir que aplicações de HUMITEC® e RUTER AA® favoreceram o desenvolvimento das mudas e que, no verão, as plantas apresentaram maior desenvolvimento durante a aclimatização.

  17. VALOR NUTRICIONAL DE PLEUROTUS DJAMOR CULTIVADO EM PALHA DE BANANEIRA

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    Jamile Rosa RAMPINELLI

    2010-11-01

    Full Text Available

    Cogumelos do gênero Pleurotus representam um alimento de custo baixo, com teor elevado de proteínas, aminoácidos essenciais, proporção elevada de ácidos graxos insaturados, diversas vitaminas e minerais, além de teores baixos de gorduras, ácidos nucléicos, açúcares e calorias. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o valor nutricional de basidiomas de Pleurotus djamor de 1o e 2o fluxo produtivo, cultivados em palha de bananeira, em termos de teores de carboidratos, proteínas, fi bras, gorduras, cinzas, vitaminas, fósforo e potássio. Os teores de carboidratos totais, proteína bruta, fi bra bruta e cinzas diminuíram do 1o para o 2o fl uxo produtivo de 32,7 para 27,4g/100g, de 20,5 para 19,8g/100g, de 22,4 para 12,7g/100g e de 7,4 para 6,3g/100g, respectivamente. Os valores de gordura bruta e umidade não variaram, permanecendo em torno de 1,1 e 90g/100g, respectivamente. Os teores de vitamina B1 foram superiores aos de vitamina B2, independentemente do fluxo produtivo, e foi encontrada maior quantidade de potássio do que de fósforo. Pleurotus djamor, de 1o fl uxo produtivo, pode ser considerado fonte de fósforo e potássio, além de apresentar baixo teor de açúcar e não conter gordura.

  18. Controle de Meloidogyne javanica em mudas de bananeira 'prata-anã' por compostos orgânicos

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    Bruna Hanielle Carneiro dos Santos

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de compostos orgânicos no controle de Meloidogyne javanica, e no desenvolvimento de mudas de bananeiras 'Prata-Anã. O experimento foi conduzido em DIC, com dez repetições, e os tratamentos consistiram em quatro compostos constituídos de diferentes matérias-primas (restos da cultura da banana, cana-de-açúcar, esterco bovino, cascas de banana, plantas daninhas, capim andropogon, o esterco bovino, a torta de mamona e testemunhas (adubação mineral, carbofuran e testemunha absoluta (sem adição de composto orgânico. Em cada vaso, foram colocados 3 kg de solo autoclavado, incorporado com cada um dos tratamentos avaliados e inoculado com suspensão contendo 4.000 ovos de M. javanica. Após quatro dias, transplantou-se uma muda de bananeira 'Prata-Anã' micropropagada, e aos 60 dias, avaliaram-se: altura das plantas, diâmetro, número de folhas e peso de matéria seca da parte aérea, e número de galhas, massas de ovos, número de ovos e o número de juvenis de segundo estádio (J2, por 100 cm³ de solo. Testou-se in vitro o efeito das frações húmicas dos quatro compostos (que não causaram fitotoxidez e esterco bovino sobre a mortalidade e motilidade de J2 de M. javanica. O ensaio foi montado em placas de ELISA em DIC, com cinco repetições. Os compostos orgânicos e o esterco bovino aumentaram o desenvolvimento das mudas. A torta de mamona provocou efeito fitotóxico às mudas. Menor número de variáveis nematológicas foi proporcionado pela torta de mamona e pelo carbofuran. O número de J2 também foi menor nas parcelas tratadas com carbofuran e também pelo Composto 3, constituído por plantas daninhas+restos de cana-de-açúcar+ esterco bovino e pelo adubo mineral. Para o teste in vitro, as substâncias húmicas conferiram efeito nematicida e nematostático. Dentre os compostos, o C3 mostrou-se promissor por reduzir o desenvolvimento do nematoides e não apresentar efeito fitotóxico.

  19. Resgate in vitro de embriões em genótipos diplóides de bananeira

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    Neves Tárcia dos Santos

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a técnica de resgate de embriões de sementes de bananeira em genótipos diplóides e a influência de defeitos do embrião e do endosperma na germinação in vitro. Foram utilizados os genótipos Calcutta, Malaccensis, Butuhan, França, 0304-02, 1304-06, 4252-04 e 9379-09. De cada genótipo, 100 sementes recém-coletadas foram embebidas em água destilada, por 24 horas, e desinfestadas em solução à base de nitrato de prata e cloreto de sódio. Os embriões extraídos foram introduzidos em meio MS com 30 g L-1 desacarose e 7 g L-1 de ágar, e cultivados em câmara de crescimento, no escuro e em temperatura de 26 ± 2ºC. A germinação concentrou-se do quinto ao vigésimo dia de cultivo e apresentou uma média de 53,25% após 45 dias, independentemente do genótipo. As espécies selvagens apresentaram porcentagem média de germinação maior do que a dos genótipos híbridos. A presença de embrião e endosperma normais não foi essencial para a germinação in vitro.

  20. BACTERIAL CONTAMINATION CONTROL IN BANANA EXPLANTS (Musa AAA cv. CAIPIRA) CONTROLE DE BACTÉRIAS CONTAMINANTES EM EXPLANTES DE BANANEIRA (Musa AAA cv. CAIPIRA)

    OpenAIRE

    Juliana Domingues Lima; Wilson da Silva Moraes

    2007-01-01

    Esse trabalho teve por objetivo testar métodos de controle de contaminação bacteriana no processo de multiplicação in vitro de bananeira (Musa AAA cv. Caipira), utilizando-se hipoclorito de sódio (NaOCl), antibiótico rifampicina e suas combinações. Não houve oxidação excessiva dos explantes após a imersão em NaOCl ou rifampicina. O melhor tratamento para explantes recém isolados foi imersão em NaOCl a 1% (v/v), dura...

  1. Efeito do NaCI sobre o crecimento ea multiplicação in vitro de bananeira The effect of NaCl on the growth and multiplication of bananeira (MUSA SP in vitro

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    Cristiane Elizabeth Costa de Macêdo

    2005-08-01

    Full Text Available A salinidade dos solos é um importante fator de estresse, ocorrendo em regiões semi-áridas e áridas do Nordeste brasileiro, onde a bananeira é cultivada. O efeito de diferentes concentrações de cloreto de sódio (NaCl foi estudado sobre a multiplicação e o crescimento in vitro de brotos de bananeira da variedade "Grand Naine", visando a uma posterior seleção in vitro. Brotos de bananeira foram inoculados em meio de cultura MS (Murashige & SKoog na ausência de T0=0 (controle e na presença de três tratamentos contendo NaCl: T1= 50mM; T2=75mM e T3=100mM e subcultivados cinco vezes nos seus respectivos tratamentos. Os subcultivos foram realizados a cada 30 dias e observado o número de brotos multiplicados por broto inoculado em cada tratamento, a altura e o número de folhas dos brotos inoculados e a produção de matéria fresca aos 0; 30; 60; 90; 120 e 150 dias após a exposição ao sal. Os resultados mostraram que a adição de NaCl ao meio de cultura afetou a multiplicação in vitro, e que o aumento da concentração do sal é proporcional à diminuição do número de brotos produzidos. A multiplicação in vitro de brotos de bananeira foi reduzida em cerca de 80% na dose de 50mM e em cerca de 90% nas doses de 75 e 100mM. Nos tratamentos submetidos a 75 e 100 mM de NaCl, houve redução do número de folhas e também no crescimento dos brotos iniciais e na produção de matéria fresca. A melhor dose de NaCl entre as testadas e sob as condições experimentais utilizadas, para a realização de uma posterior seleção, foi 50mM por ter apresentado efeitos intermediários nos caracteres avaliados.Soil salinity is an important factor of stress that occurs in many semi-arid and arid regions of Brazil where the bananeira is cultivated. The effect of different sodium chloride (NaCl concentrations, in vitro, on the growth and shoot multiplication derived from explants of "Grand Naine" variety was studied. The shoot-tips of the

  2. Sementes contra a varíola: Joaquim Vás e a tradução científica das pevides de bananeira brava em Goa, Índia (1894-1930 Seeds against smallpox: Joaquim Vás and the scientific translation of bananeira brava seeds in Goa, India (1894-1930

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    Ricardo Roque

    2004-01-01

    Full Text Available Em 1914, em Goa, antiga colônia portuguesa na Índia, o médico António Joaquim Vás anunciou a descoberta de um fabuloso tratamento contra a varíola: a aplicação clínica das pevides, ou sementes, de bananeira brava, medicamento de origem vegetal extraído das práticas médicas indianas. Este artigo investiga as circunstâncias do sucesso e insucesso dessa descoberta. A constituição das pevides de bananeira brava como medicamento contra a varíola, no início do século XX, é interpretada com base no conceito de tradução científica. Argumenta-se que a tradução das pevides - de atividade indígena a terapêutica científica - constitui um caso de criação de quasi-medicamentos, uma tradução média. Embora habitando um lugar problemático no programa de tradução científica, as pevides circularam ativamente no interior da própria ciência, persistindo contra a varíola nas práticas médicas.In 1914, in the former Portuguese colony of Goa, India, the physician António Joaquim Vás announced the discovery of a wonderful treatment for smallpox, entailing clinical application of seeds from the bananeira brava (Heliconia biahi Sw.m., a plant remedy allegedly derived from Indian medical practices. The present article explores the circumstances surrounding the successes and failures of this discovery. The concept of scientific translation is used to interpret the transformation of bananeira bravaseeds into an early twentieth-century remedy for smallpox. This transfer from indigenous use to scientific therapeutics constitutes the creation of a quasi-medicine, that is, a case of 'medium translation'. Although these seeds occupy a problematic place within the program of scientific translation, they enjoyed active circulation within science and remained a part of medical practices for combating smallpox.

  3. Avaliação nutricional, produção e incidência do mal-do-panamá em bananeira 'Prata-Anã' (AAB adubada com K, no quarto ciclo

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    José Tadeu Alves da Silva

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available O presente trabalho teve como objetivos estimar a dose de K para obter a máxima eficiência física e econômica, estimar o nível crítico foliar de K e relacionar o equilíbrio nutricional da bananeira 'Prata-Anã' com a incidência de plantas com mal-do-panamá no 4º ciclo. O experimento foi realizado em Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo (LVA, textura média, na região semiárida do norte de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Os tratamentos consistiram nas aplicações de quatro doses de K (0; 400; 800 e 1.200 kg ha-1 ano de K2O. Estes foram distribuídos em blocos ao acaso, com cinco repetições. A adubação com K promoveu aumento na produção da bananeira no 4º ciclo. A máxima eficiência física (31 Mg ha-1 e a econômica (30,5 Mg ha-1 foram obtidas com as aplicações de 969 e 707 kg ha-1 ano-1 de K2O, respectivamente. Os níveis críticos foliares de K obtidos foram 29,5 e 27,1 g kg-1, para a máxima eficiência física e econômica, respectivamente. O aumento das doses de K proporcionou melhor equilíbrio nutricional à bananeira e reduziu a porcentagem de plantas infestadas com o mal-do-panamá.

  4. Acúmulo de matéria seca e de macronutrientes em cultivares de bananeira irrigada Accumulation of dry matter and macronutrient in cultivars of irrigated banana tree

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    Ricardo Bezerra Hoffmann

    2010-03-01

    Full Text Available O conhecimento das quantidades de matéria seca e de nutrientes acumulados e exportados por cultivares de bananeira é importante para o desenvolvimento de uma recomendação de adubação para esta cultura. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as quantidades de matéria seca e de macronutrientes acumuladas e exportadas por seis cultivares de bananeiras irrigadas. Foram amostradas plantas das cultivares Grande Naine, Pacovan, Pacovan-Apodi, Prata-Anã, Terrinha e Gross Michel, em uma área de plantio comercial de bananeira irrigada, no município de Limoeiro do Norte - CE. Na colheita, foram escolhidas quatro famílias de cada cultivar para amostragem. A "planta-mãe" foi dividida em rizoma, pseudocaule, pecíolo, limbo, engaço e frutos. Na matéria seca dessas partes das plantas, determinaram-se os teores dos macronutrientes. As cultivares Pacovan, Prata-Anã e Pacovan-Apodi que, de modo geral, extraíram do solo as maiores quantidades de macronutrientes, foram as que acumularam quantidades mais elevadas de matéria seca. O potássio e o nitrogênio foram os macronutrientes mais acumulados e exportados pelas seis cultivares de bananeira irrigada, seguidos pelo enxofre, cálcio, magnésio e fósforo.The knowledge about the quantity of dry matter and nutrients accumulated and exported by banana is important for the development of fertilizer recommendations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the accumulation of dry matter and macronutrients by six cultivars of irrigated banana crop. Plants of Grande Naine, Pacovan, Pacovan-Apodi, Prata-Anã, Terrinha and Gross Michel cultivars were sampled in a commercial plantation in the municipality of Limoeiro do Norte, state of Ceará, Brazil. At harvest, four plants of each cultivar were selected for sampling. The "mother-plant" was divided into rhizome, pseudo stem, petiole, leaf blade, stalk and fruits. In the dry matter of these parts, the contents of macronutrients were determined. The

  5. Cultivation of Pleurotus sajor-caju on banana stalk and Bahia grass based substrates Cultivo de Pleurotus sajor-caju em substratos a base de grama batatais e engaço de bananeira

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    Félix G de Siqueira

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available Banana stalks and Bahia grass were utilized as basic starting materials for the production of the mushroom Pleurotus sajor-caju. Banana stalks were combined with other waste or supplement products (wheat bran, coast-cross hay, bean straw and cotton textile mill to obtain different nitrogen concentrations. Since Bahia grass is relatively rich in protein, it was combined with other substrates (banana stalk, coast-cross hay and bean straw to maintain a substrate nitrogen concentration of about 1.5%. Banana stalks and Bahia grass were both more efficient in the production of the mushroom P. sajor-caju when utilized without the addition of other substrates, with biological efficiencies of 74.4% and 74.12%, respectively. When combined with other substrates or grasses, there was a drop in biological efficiency, independent of the concentration of nitrogen. Furthermore, the addition of protein-rich waste to banana stalks resulted in a decrease or absence of fructification, which indicates that high concentrations of nitrogen in the cultivation substrate may hinder the cultivation of this mushroom. On the other hand, results reveal that the ideal concentration of nitrogen may depend on other physicochemical factors and these factors may determine the success in cultivating P. sajor-caju. Therefore, we conclude that P. sajor-caju may be cultivated on banana stalk and Bahia grass as pure substrates, not being necessary their supplementation or combine them with another substrates.O engaço de bananeira e a grama batatais foram utilizados como matérias-primas básicas para a produção do substrato de cultivo do cogumelo Pleurotus sajor-caju. O engaço de bananeira foi combinado com outros resíduos (farelo de trigo, capim "Coast-cross", palha de feijão e resíduo de lixadeira de algodão, com o objetivo de se obter substratos com diferentes concentrações de nitrogênio. Como a grama batatais é relativamente rica em proteína, a mesma foi combinada com

  6. Crescimento de mudas micropropagadas de bananeira micorrizadas em diferentes recipientes Growth of mycorrhizal micropropagated banana plantlets in different recipients

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    Patrícia Lopes Leal

    2005-04-01

    Full Text Available Realizou-se um experimento em casa de vegetação, com o objetivo de avaliar a utilização de diferentes recipientes e a eficiência da inoculação com fungo micorrízico arbuscular (FMA, Glomus clarum, no crescimento de mudas micropropagadas de bananeira. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados, no esquema fatorial 2x2, sendo 2 tratamentos microbiológicos: Glomus clarum e controle; e 2 recipientes: blocos prensados e tubetes, com 6 repetições. O substrato utilizado para a confecção dos blocos e para o enchimento dos tubetes foi constituído por uma mistura de materiais orgânicos (bagaço de cana + torta de filtro de usina açucareira e vermiculita. Mudas de bananeira produzidas em blocos prensados e inoculadas com o FMA apresentaram melhores resultados quando comparadas com as produzidas nos tubetes, com incrementos na altura, na produção de matéria seca da parte aérea e no acúmulo de N, P e K de 90%, 829%, 2774%, 249% e 403%, respectivamente.An experiment under greenhouse was carried out in order to evaluate different recipients and the inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF, Glomus clarum, on the growth of micropropagated banana plantlets. A random block design in a factorial scheme 2x2 (two microbiological treatments: Glomus clarum and control; two types of recipients: pressed blocks and plastic tubes, with six repetitions, was used. The substrate utilized to construct the pressed blocks and to fill the tubes was constituted by a mixture of organic residue (sugarcane bagasse and filter cake and vermiculite. Banana plantlets produced in pressed blocks and inoculated with AMF let to better results than their counterparts grown in tubes, increasing the height, shoot dry weight, contents of N, P and K in 90%, 829%, 2774%, 249% and 403%, respectively.

  7. Plantio irrigado de bananeiras resistentes à Sigatoka-negra consorciado com culturas anuais Irrigated banana resistant to black Sigatoka, with annual intercrops

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    Ildeu de Souza

    2010-03-01

    Full Text Available Com o objetivo de avaliar o plantio irrigado de bananeiras resistentes à Sigatoka-negra consorciado com cultura anuais, na região norte de Minas Gerais, um experimento foi instalado na Fazenda Experimental do Departamento de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Câmpus de Janaúba-MG. O experimento foi conduzido no período de abril de 2006 a julho de 2007, delineado em blocos casualizados, segundo um esquema de parcelas subdivididas 3 x 5, tendo na parcela as três variedades de bananeiras: Pacovan Ken, Caipira e Thap Maeo, e na subparcela quatro culturas intercalares: Feijão-Pérola, Quiabo-Dardo, Melancia-Crimson-Sweet e Feijão-Caupi, e a testemunha (sem cultura intercalar, com três repetições. Ao todo, foram 756 bananeiras, em 45 parcelas, com 6 plantas úteis cada, constituindo a cultura principal. As culturas intercalares ocuparam as entrelinhas da bananeira, tanto aquelas com as linhas de irrigação como sem linha de irrigação. O plantio da bananeira e das culturas intercalares foi feito no mesmo período, utilizando-se do espaçamento de 3,0 m entre as linhas e 2,0 m entre as covas de bananeira, com microaspersores espaçados de 6 m. Avaliaram-se as características vegetativas e reprodutivas das variedades de bananeiras, no primeiro ciclo. Não foi observado efeito significativo dos cultivos intercalares sobre as variedades de bananeiras, com exceção do número de dias do plantio ao florescimento e do número de dias do plantio à colheita das variedades de bananeiras. O uso do feijão-caupi promoveu atraso no ciclo de produção das três variedades de bananeiras Pacovan Ken, Caipira e Thap Maeo.To assess the irrigated cultivation of banana resistant to black Sigatoka, intercropped with annual crops in the northern region of Minas Gerais, a trial was conducted on an experimental farm of the Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, in Janaúba-MG. The experiment was carried out from April 2006 to

  8. Produção comercial de cultivares de alface em Bananeiras Marketable production of lettuce cultivars in Bananeiras, Brazil

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    Djail Santos

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available Um aspecto importante na escolha de cultivares para uma determinada condição ambiental é a determinação da produção comercial, que indica o potencial de produção por área. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a produção comercial de cultivares de alface nas condições de solo e clima de Bananeiras, Paraíba, durante a estação chuvosa. Foram avaliadas oito cultivares (Cindy, Elba, Grand Rapids, Kaesar, Mimosa, Sabrina, Summer Green e Verônica, no delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. As parcelas tinham 27 plantas, espaçadas de 30 cm entre fileiras e entre linhas. Aos 51 dias após o transplante, as plantas foram colhidas e avaliadas quanto à massa fresca total e comercial, massa seca de folhas, número de folhas, diâmetro da planta, índice comercial e produção comercial. Os maiores valores de massa fresca total e comercial, de diâmetro da planta e produção comercial foram verificados para a cultivar Kaesar. Quanto à massa seca, 'Kaesar' e 'Elba' apresentaram os valores mais elevados. Os maiores números de folha foram obtidos com 'Mimosa', 'Elba', 'Sabrina' e 'Summer Green'. As cultivares Grand Rapids, Verônica e Kaesar mostraram-se mais suscetíveis à septoriose, principalmente nas folhas mais velhas. Considerando-se os resultados e a preferência dos consumidores, 'Kaesar' e 'Summer Green' foram as mais promissoras para introdução e testes em áreas de produção comercial de alface.An important issue when choosing cultivars for specific environmental conditions is to estimate the marketable production, which indicates the potential production per area. The objective of this study was to evaluate the marketable production of lettuce cultivars under the soil and climatic conditions of Bananeiras, Paraíba, Brazil, during the rainy season. The experiment was carried out as a complete randomized blocks design with eight cultivars (Cindy, Elba, Grand Rapids, Kaesar, Mimosa, Sabrina

  9. Late-onset CMV disease following CMV prophylaxis.

    LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

    Donnelly, C

    2012-02-01

    BACKGROUND: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common opportunistic infection after solid-organ transplantation, increasing morbidity and mortality. Three months of oral valganciclovir have been shown to provide effective prophylaxis. Late-onset CMV disease, occurring after the discontinuation of prophylaxis, is now increasingly recognised. AIMS: To investigate the incidence and the time of detection of CMV infections in liver transplant recipients who received CMV prophylaxis. METHODS: Retrospective review of 64 high- and moderate-risk patients with 1 year of follow-up. RESULTS: The incidence of CMV infection was 12.5%, with 4.7% disease. All cases of symptomatic CMV disease were of late-onset. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of CMV infections in this study was low compared with literature reports; however, the late-onset disease is an emerging problem. Detection of late-onset disease may be delayed because of less frequent clinic follow-up visits. Increased regular laboratory monitoring may allow earlier detection at the asymptomatic infection stage.

  10. Avaliação agronômica de genótipos de bananeiras em condições subtropicais, Vale do Ribeira, São Paulo - Brasil

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    Edson Shigueaki Nomura

    2013-03-01

    Full Text Available Existe grande número de cultivares de bananeira no Brasil, porém quando se consideram aspectos como preferência dos consumidores, produtividade, tolerância às pragas e doenças, porte adequado e resistência à seca e ao frio, restam poucas com potencial agronômico para serem usadas comercialmente. Objetivando avaliar o desenvolvimento vegetativo de genótipos de bananeiras nas condições edafoclimáticas do Vale do Ribeira (Brasil, foram testados os seguintes materiais, separados em dois grupos genômicos: AAAA (Bucaneiro, FHIA 02 e FHIA 17; e AAAB, sendo este subdividido de acordo com a genitora utilizada no melhoramento: Prata (BRS Garantida, FHIA 18, BRS FHIA Maravilha, BRS Platina e PA94-01; Pacovan (BRS Japira, BRS Pacovan Ken, PV79-34, PV94-01 e BRS Vitória; e Yangambi n.2 (BRS Tropical, BRS Princesa e YB42-03. As cultivares Grande Naine (AAA, Pacovan (AAB, Prata-anã (AAB e Yangambi ou Caipira (AAA apresentam desenvolvimento e produção semelhantes aos genótipos avaliados, portanto foram utilizadas como padrão comparativo. Durante dois ciclos, foram avaliadas as seguintes características de desenvolvimento: altura, diâmetro do pseudocaule, número de folhas ativas (florescimento e colheita, intervalo entre plantio e florescimento, e entre plantio e colheita (dias. Calcularam-se os intervalos de confiança (média ± erro-padrão nos diferentes grupos e tipos de banana. Diante dos resultados obtidos conclui-se que os genótipos do grupo AAAB e genitora 'Pacovan' não são adequados para o cultivo na região devido ao porte alto das plantas, e os genótipos de bananeiras que possuem potencial de cultivo na região do Vale do Ribeira são: grupo AAAA (FHIA 02 e FHIA 17; grupo AAAB: genitora 'Prata' (FHIA 18, BRS Garantida e PA94-01 e genitora 'Yangambi n.2' (BRS Tropical, BRS Princesa e Yangambi.

  11. Aplicação de potássio, magnésio e calcário em mudas de bananeira 'Prata-anã' (AAB Potassium, magnesium and limestone application in banana tree seedlings 'Prata anã' (AAB

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Tadeu Alves da Silva

    2008-09-01

    Full Text Available Para aplicar elevada quantidade de K no solo, é necessário que exista Mg em quantidade adequada, para evitar o aparecimento de distúrbios fisiológicos na bananeira. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da aplicação de potássio (K, magnésio (Mg e calcário sobre o desenvolvimento de mudas de bananeira 'Prata-anã' (AAB cultivadas em casa de vegetação. Os tratamentos foram distribuídos no delineamento de blocos casualizados, com quatro repeti��ões em esquema fatorial (5x5x2, correspondentes a cinco doses de K (0; 200; 400; 800 e 1.600 mg dm-3, cinco doses de Mg (0; 30; 60; 90 e 180 mg dm-3 e duas doses de calcário dolomítico (0 e 2 t ha-1. A produção da massa da matéria seca das mudas de bananeira aumentou com as aplicações de K e calcário no solo e reduziu com as doses de Mg. Para a produção máxima da massa da matéria seca da parte aérea das mudas de bananeira, a relação Ca: K: Mg no solo apresentou valores de 2,0: 0,3: 0,9, que correspondem a 62%, 9% e 28% da saturação por base, respectivamente.To apply high amount of K in the soil, it is necessary that Mg in adequate amount exists, in order to prevent the appearance of physiologic disturbances in banana tree. The objective of this work was to verify the effects of the application of K, Mg and limestone in the development of banana tree seedlings 'Prata Anã'(AAB cultivated in greenhouse. The treatments were distributed in a complete block design, with four repetitions, in factorial scheme (5x5x2, corresponding to five K rates (0, 200, 400, 800 and 1600 mg dm-3, five Mg rates (0, 30, 60, 90 and 180 mg dm-3 and two limestone rates (0 and 2 t ha-1. The dry matter production of banana tree seedlings increased with the applications of K and limestone in soil and reduced with the rates of Mg. For the maximum production of dry matter of the aerial part of the banana tree seedlings the relationships Ca: K: Mg in the soil presented values of 2,0: 0,3: 0

  12. Desempenho de bananeiras consorciadas com leguminosas herbáceas perenes Banana plant performance intercropping with perennial herbaceous legumes

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    Adriano Perin

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available O emprego de plantas de cobertura em consórcio com bananeiras pode ser uma estratégia de manejo, possibilitando aumentos de produtividade associados à otimização de processos biológicos e maior estabilidade do sistema produtivo. Neste trabalho, objetivo-se avaliar o efeito da cobertura viva, formada por leguminosas herbáceas perenes sobre a produção de bananeira cultivar Nanicão. Os tratamentos foram: amendoim forrageiro (Arachis pintoi Krap. & Greg, cudzu tropical (Pueraria phaseoloides Benth., siratro (Macroptilium atropurpureum Urb., vegetação espontânea (dominada por Panicum maximum Jacq. e vegetação espontânea + N-fertilizante. Foi avaliado o desenvolvimento vegetativo das bananeiras entre abril/1999 e julho/2000 e os atributos de produtividade. O peso do cacho e da penca foram positivamente influenciados pelo siratro e cudzu tropical empregados como coberturas vivas, quando comparados aos demais tratamentos. Todas as leguminosas proporcionaram maior crescimento das bananeiras (notadamente a partir do 6º mês, maior número de folhas emitidas e maior proporção de cachos colhidos, em relação aos tratamentos com vegetação espontânea (com e sem N-fertilizante. As leguminosas siratro e cudzu tropical promoveram condições adequadas ao desenvolvimento das bananeiras, acarretando ganhos de produtividade e eliminação da adubação nitrogenada no bananal. O potencial benéfico das leguminosas cudzu tropical e siratro como coberturas vivas capazes de proporcionar aumentos na produtividade de banana, qualifica essas espécies como alternativa promissora para a fertilidade do solo e nutrição das bananeiras.The use of coverage plants in cover cropping with bananas can be a management strategy, increasing in productivity associated with the optimization of biological processes and greater stability of production system. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of live coverage by herbaceous perennial legume on

  13. Influência da cobertura morta na umidade, incidência de plantas daninhas e de broca-do-rizoma (Cosmopolites sordidus em um pomar de bananeiras (Musa spp.

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    Oliveira Camilo Augusto Pinto de

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available O fato do Brasil possuir a maior área plantada do mundo com banana e ocupar apenas a segunda colocação no ranking mundial dos maiores produtores, revela a necessidade da adoção de técnicas de manejo que tenha por objetivo incrementar a produção. Os objetivos do presente trabalho foram avaliar os efeitos da cobertura morta sobre a umidade, incidência de plantas daninhas e da broca-do-rizoma em um pomar de bananeiras manejado com e sem cobertura morta. Os resultados obtidos revelaram que a cobertura morta proporcionou benefícios quanto à manutenção da umidade no solo e controle de plantas daninhas, porém, na incidência da broca, não houve diferença em relação à área conduzida sem cobertura morta.

  14. Caracterização morfológica de cultivares de bananeira micropropagadas em estádio juvenil Morphological characterization of banana micropropagated cultivars in juvenile phase

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    Rafael Hansen Madail

    2011-02-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar descritores morfológicos que possibilitassem a caracterização de cultivares de bananeira provenientes de micropropagação ainda na fase juvenil. Foram utilizadas 12 cultivares de bananeira de diferentes grupos genômicos e graus de ploidia, que foram cultivadas in vitro e posteriormente aclimatizadas em casa de vegetação. Após o período de três meses, foram avaliadas características morfológicas quantitativas e caracteres descritivos das plantas. Com base nos resultados obtidos, foi possível separar todas as cultivares estudadas e elaborar uma chave analítica que permite a identificação dessas cultivares após o período de apenas três meses de aclimatização.The aim of this study was to determine morphological descriptors that could enable the characterization of banana cultivars from micropropagation process during the juvenile phase. Twelve cultivars from different genomic groups and with different ploidy levels were grown in vitro and acclimatized in greenhouse for three months. After this period, plants quantitative morphological and descriptive characteristics were evaluated. The results allowed ranking the cultivars and preparing an analytical key to identify these cultivars after the period of three months of acclimatization.

  15. Controle biológico de Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet agente causal da sigatoka-negra da bananeira (Musa spp.) com Trichoderma spp.

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    Cavero, Poholl Adan Sagratzki

    2011-01-01

    O principal problema fitossanitário da cultura da bananeira no Brasil e também em outros países é a sigatoka-negra, causada pelo fungo Micosphaerella fijiensis Morelet, que pode ocasionar perdas de até 100% da produção. A medida mundialmente mais utilizada no controle deste problema em bananais comerciais têm sido pulverizações com fungicidas. Na Amazônia, o uso de fungicidas para o controle da sigatoka-negra torna-se econômica e ecologicamente inviável, face aos custos e aos impactos ambient...

  16. Crescimento da bananeira Grande Naine submetida a diferentes lâminas de irrigação em tabuleiro costeiro

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    Jadson M. Oliveira

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available Avaliou-se, com o presente trabalho, a influência de diferentes lâminas de irrigação sob o crescimento da cultura da bananeira Grande Naine. O experimento foi conduzido no campo experimental do Centro Nacional de Pesquisa Mandioca e Fruticultura. Utilizou-se delineamento experimental blocos casualizados com seis lâminas de irrigação e oito repetições. A lâmina de irrigação L1 correspondeu à chuva. A lâmina L6 foi determinada com o uso do Kc e ETo. As demais lâminas foram determinadas pela fórmula NH = K x AF x ETo, em que NH é a necessidade hídrica da cultura (L planta-1, K (coeficiente empírico de transpiração da planta e AF - área foliar (m² planta-1 e ETo - evapotranspiração de referência (mm. Foram avaliados: altura da planta; circunferência do pseudocaule; área foliar; número de folhas vivas e duração do ciclo da cultura. O melhor crescimento da cultura foi obtido com o coeficiente de transpiração de 0,57 e uma lâmina de irrigação estimada em 1247 mm.

  17. Profundidade e atributos físicos do solo e seus impactos nas raízes de bananeiras

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    Alan Antônio Miotti

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available A bananeira pode ter sua produção prejudicada se cultivada em solos com restrições físicas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar se os atributos físicos de solos rasos comprometem as raízes das plantas de bananeira. O estudo foi realizado na Chapada do Apodi (CE, onde foram comparados solos com duas profundidades efetivas: raso (profundidade aproximada de 0,57 m, mais arenoso e profundo (profundidade aproximada de 1,16 m, mais argiloso e seis profundidades de coleta de solo e de raízes (0-10;10-20;20-30; 30-40; 40-50 e 50-60 cm. Nas amostras de solo, foram determinados os seguintes atributos físicos: curva de retenção de água, densidade do solo, porosidade, granulometria e densidade de partículas. A resistência do solo à penetração (RP foi avaliada no campo, utilizando-se de penetrômetro de impacto, com cinco repetições até 60 cm de profundidade. Para o estudo de raízes, as amostras foram coletadas com sonda e, por meio da análise de imagens de raízes lavadas, foram determinados: comprimento, área e volume total, e classes de diâmetro. O solo mais profundo e argiloso apresentou maior microporosidade e porosidade total, o que contribuiu para maior retenção de água. Valores de densidade do solo e de partículas foram maiores em duas camadas do solo raso, bem como a RP que atingiu o valor de 5,1 MPa. O desenvolvimento das raízes das bananeiras foi favorecido no solo profundo, no qual foram encontradas raízes mais espessas (2,2 a 6,6 mm e mais finas (0,68 a 0,79 mm, contribuindo com a sustentação das plantas e com a absorção de água e nutrientes.

  18. Bananeiras consorciadas com leguminosas herbáceas perenes utilizadas como coberturas vivas Banana plants intercropped with perennial herbaceous legumes used as living mulches

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    José Antonio Azevedo Espindola

    2006-03-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produção de bananeiras consorciadas com as leguminosas herbáceas perenes - amendoim forrageiro (Arachis pintoi, cudzu tropical (Pueraria phaseoloides e siratro (Macroptilium atropurpureum. Os tratamentos-controle consistiram em vegetação espontânea com predomínio de Panicum maximum, e vegetação espontânea com adubação nitrogenada das bananeiras. Também foi avaliado o desenvolvimento vegetativo das bananeiras. Entre as coberturas avaliadas, a vegetação espontânea e o cudzu tropical apresentaram produções maiores de biomassa; o cudzu tropical proporcionou valores maiores para quantidades de N acumulado e derivado da fixação biológica. As leguminosas amendoim forrageiro, cudzu tropical e siratro proporcionaram desenvolvimento vegetativo mais rápido nas bananeiras consorciadas. Cudzu tropical e siratro promoveram maiores valores de peso dos cachos e das pencas. O uso das leguminosas avaliadas resulta em aumento da porcentagem de cachos colhidos e redução do tempo de colheita, além de proporcionar maior produtividade, quando comparado ao uso de vegetação espontânea.The objective of this work was to evaluate the yield of banana plants intercropped with the perennial herbaceous legumes forage groundnut (Arachis pintoi, tropical kudzu (Pueraria phaseoloides and siratro (Macroptilium atropurpureum. The control treatments were spontaneous vegetation (mainly Panicum maximum and spontaneous vegetation plus nitrogen fertilizer application to banana plants. The vegetative growth of banana plants was also evaluated. Among the treatments, spontaneous vegetation and tropical kudzu promoted the highest dry matter productions; tropical kudzu had the highest amounts of accumulated and fixed N. Forage groundnut, tropical kudzu and siratro promoted the fastest vegetative growth for banana plants in this intercropped system. Tropical kudzu and siratro promoted the highest values for bunch weight and

  19. Qualidade da produção da bananeira Nanicão em função do uso de biofertilizantes

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    José G. R. dos Santos

    2014-04-01

    Full Text Available Com esta pesquisa objetivou-se estudar os efeitos de 5 doses de 4 diferentes tipos de biofertilizante na produção da bananeira Nanicão, em 3 ciclos sucessivos. O experimento foi conduzido em condições de campo, na Escola Agrotécnica do Cajueiro, no município de Catolé do Rocha, estado da Paraíba, Brasil. O solo da área é classificado como Neossolo Flúvico, com textura franco arenosa. O experimento foi conduzido entre os meses de junho de 2008 a junho de 2011. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o de blocos casualizados com 20 tratamentos no esquema fatorial 5x4 (doses x tipos de biofertilizantes, com quatro repetições. Os resultados mostram que os tipos de biofertilizante não afetaram as variáveis de qualidade da produção; o comprimento e o diâmetro do fruto aumentaram com o incremento da dose de biofertilizante até limites ótimos; o comprimento do fruto das plantas do segundo ciclo foi superior ao das plantas dos primeiro e terceiro ciclos; o diâmetro do fruto das plantas do segundo ciclo foi superior ao das plantas dos primeiro e terceiro ciclos e os valores de ºBrix e de pH da polpa do fruto não foram afetados pelas doses de biofertilizante aplicadas.

  20. Correlação fenotípica entre caracteres de híbridos diploides (AA de bananeira

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    Lauro Saraiva Lessa

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available O estudo de correlação tem como propósito mensurar a alteração em um caráter quando se altera outro. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se estimar correlações fenotípicas entre o número de frutos por cacho e 22 caracteres avaliados em híbridos diploides (AA de bananeira. No experimento, conduzido na Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura, em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições, foram avaliados 11 híbridos diploides (AA de bananeira. Os caracteres avaliados foram: altura de plantas, diâmetro do pseudocaule, número de filhos, número de folhas na floração, período do plantio ao florescimento, presença de pólen, peso do cacho e da ráquis, sigatoka-amarela no florescimento, número de folhas na colheita, Sigatoka-amarela na colheita do cacho, número de dias do florescimento à colheita, comprimento e diâmetro do engaço, peso da segunda penca, número de pencas e de frutos por cacho, fragilidade do pedicelo, comprimento e diâmetro do fruto e comprimento do pedicelo, além de presença de semente. Após a tabulação, procederam-se a estudos de correlação entre o número de frutos e os demais caracteres da planta. Essas correlações variaram entre os genótipos, sendo assim, observado que as associações entre o número de frutos e os caracteres vegetativos da planta foram, de forma geral, não significativas. Já as relações entre o número de frutos por cacho e os outros caracteres produtivos foram, predominantemente, significativas.

  1. Morphophysiological characteristics of acclimatized ‘Grande Naine’ banana plants in response to in vitro use of siliconCaracterísticas morfofisiológicas de bananeiras ‘Grande Naine’ aclimatizadas em resposta a utilização de silício in vitro

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    Simone Abreu Asmar

    2013-03-01

    Full Text Available Research about structural and physiological modifications inherent to the acclimatization process is fundamental to understand this phase. The objective of this work was evaluating different sources of silicon in the in vitro cultivation of the ‘Grande Naine’ banana plants on the biochemical, phytotechnical and ultrastructural characteristics during the acclimatization process. For such, banana tree plantlets already established in vitro were inoculated in Murashige & Skoog medium (MS with the addition of 30 g L-1 of sucrose, 1 mg L-1 of ANA (naftalenoacetic acid and solidified with 1,8 g L-1 of PhytagelTM. Three sources of silicate added to the MS medium, namely sodium silicate, potassium silicate and calcium silicate at the dosage of 1 g L-1 and to the MS medium without silicate as a control were tested. Elapsed 45 days from the in vitro rooting, the plants were kept in a greenhouse for 60 days. The experimental design was completely randomized. The use of silicon in vitro cultivation is beneficial for providing better photosynthetic apparatus, higher content of cellulose and hemicellulose during acclimatization of banana plants. The acclimatization process is essential because it provides an increase in epicuticular wax layer on leaves of ‘Grand Naine’ banana plants. Pesquisas acerca das modificações estruturais e fisiológicas inerentes ao processo de aclimatização são fundamentais para compreender esta fase. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar diferentes fontes de silício no cultivo in vitro de bananeira ‘Grande Naine’ sobre características bioquímicas, fitotécnicas e ultraestruturais, durante o processo de aclimatização. Para tanto, brotos de bananeira já estabelecidos in vitro foram inoculados em meio Murashige & Skoog (MS, com adição de 30 g L-1 de sacarose, 1 mg L-1 de ANA (ácido naftalenoacético e solidificado com 1,8 g L-1 de PhytagelTM. Foram testadas três fontes de silicato acrescidas ao meio MS

  2. Ganhos de eficiência fertilizante em bananeira sob irrigação e fertirrigação

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    Luiz Antonio Junqueira Teixeira

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available O aumento da eficiência fertilizante tem sido cada vez mais almejado nas boas práticas de manejo da adubação de culturas, não somente buscando reduzir custos de produção, mas também reduzir possíveis impactos ambientais. Com o objetivo de avaliar a eficiência dos fertilizantes nitrogenados e potássicos no cultivo da bananeira, foram realizados dois experimentos de campo com a cultivar 'Nanicão' (Musa AAA, subgrupo Cavendish, no Planalto do Estado de São Paulo, durante quatro ciclos de produção. Esta região caracteriza-se por estação chuvosa no verão e seca no inverno. No primeiro experimento, avaliou-se a eficiência da aplicação das doses de N: 0; 200; 400 e 800 kg ha-1 e de K: 0; 300; 600 e 900 kg ha-1 de K2O, em sistema de cultivo irrigado, comparado ao de sequeiro. No segundo experimento, estudou-se a eficiência da adubação com N e K aplicada por fertirrigação e de modo convencional via solo. Nos dois experimentos, a irrigação e a fertirrigação foram feitas por microaspersão, empregando-se como fontes de N e de K nitrato de amônio e cloreto de potássio, respectivamente. A eficiência dos fertilizantes foi estimada pela relação entre a massa dos frutos produzidos por unidade de nutriente aplicado. Para a média das doses empregadas e dos ciclos de produção, observou-se que a irrigação incrementou a eficiência da adubação em relação ao sequeiro, em aproximadamente 36 % e 32 %, respectivamente, para nitrogênio e potássio. A aplicação de nitrogênio e potássio via fertirrigação promoveu aumento de 36 % na eficiência fertilizante em relação à adubação sólida convencional, via solo. Incrementos na eficiência dos fertilizantes decorrentes da irrigação e da fertirrigação possibilitaram diminuir os gastos com o uso destes insumos.

  3. Densidade do sistema radicular da bananeira 'Pacovan' sob irrigação por aspersão Root system density of 'Pacovan' banana plant under sprinkler irrigation

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    Raimundo Lacerda Filho

    2004-12-01

    Full Text Available O presente trabalho foi realizado no município de Governador Dix-Sept Rosado, microrregião Açu-Apodi, no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, tendo como objetivo verificar os efeitos do sistema de irrigação por aspersão na densidade do sistema radicular da bananeira 'Pacovan'. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, com cinco repetições. Os tratamentos foram duas amostragens por planta, realizadas do lado contrário ao da emissão da inflorescência, formando um ângulo de 45º. Em cada amostragem, foram realizadas quatro retiradas do material de solo a distâncias de 20 cm, sendo a primeira a 30 cm e a última a 90 cm do pseudocaule. A análise dos dados demonstrou que ocorreu redução linear no peso fresco e na densidade de comprimento de raízes da bananeira em função da profundidade do solo. Em relação à distância do pseudocaule da bananeira, tanto o peso fresco quanto a densidade de comprimento de raízes não mostraram resultados significativos.The present work was conducted at Governador Dix-Sept Rosado County, microregion Açu-Apodi, in the state of Rio Grande do Norte and its objective was to study the effects of sprinkler irrigation system on the density of the root system of 'Pacovan' banana plants. The experiment followed a completely randomized block design, in a split-plot scheme, with five replications. The treatments were two sampling groups, taken per plant, and in the opposite side of the inflorescence emission, forming between them an angle of 45°. In each sampling group, four samples containing soil material were collected at intervals of 20 cm, so the first was distant 30 cm and the last 90 cm from the pseudostem. Data analysis showed that occurred a linear reduction in root fresh weight and in lenght of roots density, in replications to soil depth. For the distance from the plant pseudostem there were no significant differences between samples, both

  4. Influência do tratamento químico da fibra de bananeira em compósitos de poli(etileno-co-acetato de vinila com e sem agente de expansão

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    Matheus V. G. Zimmermann

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Neste trabalho foi avaliada a influência do tratamento alcalino na fibra de bananeira (FB e seu uso como agente de reforço em compósitos expandidos de poli(etileno-co-acetato de vinila - EVA. O processo de mistura dos compósitos ocorreu em um misturador de rolos aberto e após conformados e expandidos em uma prensa aquecida com moldes de volumes variáveis. Os compósitos foram avaliados por suas propriedades mecânicas, térmicas e morfológicas. Os resultados indicam que o tratamento alcalino promove a extração de componentes menos estáveis na FB, tais como a lignina, hemicelulose, ceras e óleos de baixo peso molecular. O uso da FB nos compósitos proporciona um decréscimo das propriedades mecânicas de resistência à tração e rasgo em relação ao EVA puro devido a moderadas propriedades de interface polímero-fibra. Nos compósitos expandidos, as propriedades mecânicas decrescem com a diminuição da densidade em função da maior presença de espaços vazios no interior dos compósitos, porém as propriedades mecânicas específicas de resistência ao rasgo apresentaram melhores resultados com 10 pcr de FB em todos os moldes utilizados.

  5. Produção do complexo celulolítico a partir doengaço da bananeira (Musa spp.)

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    da Silva Lima, Marilene

    2010-01-01

    No intuito de minimizar o impacto ambiental, torna-se necessário o aproveitamento de resíduos, como o engaço da bananeira, buscando obter produtos com maior valor agregado. Este trabalho teve por objetivo verificar a viabilidade do engaço como substrato, para crescimento de fungos em processo fermentativo sólido e submerso, para a produção de enzimas celulolíticas. As determinações físico-químicas no engaço com lignina e sem lignina foram: pH, sólidos solúveis totais, acidez total titulável, ...

  6. Avaliação agronômica em híbridos diplóides (AA de bananeira Agronomical evaluation of (AA banana diploid hybrids

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    Lauro Saraiva Lessa

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivou-se avaliar características agronômicas em híbridos diplóides (AA de bananeira. No experimento, conduzido no campo experimental da Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura Tropical, em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições, foram avaliados 11 híbridos diplóides (AA de bananeira (4279-06, TH03-01, 8987-01, 0323-03, 1318-01, 0116-01, 8694-20, 1304-06, 9179-03, 4223-06 e SH3263. Os dados dos caracteres agronômicos avaliados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias dos genótipos foram agrupadas pelo teste de Scott-Knott, a 5% de probabilidade. O genótipo SH3263 apresentou valores favoráveis ao melhoramento para número de pencas e de frutos por cacho e baixa incidência de Sigatoka-amarela na floração, além de menor número de dias da floração à colheita, maior peso da segunda penca e comprimento de fruto acima de 10 cm. O híbrido 0323-03 apresentou a maior retenção de folhas vivas na colheita do cacho e, também, a menor nota para incidência de sigatoka-amarela na colheita. A alta variabilidade encontrada com a avaliação dos híbridos permite a seleção de diplóides (AA com potencial para utilização em programas de melhoramento da cultura.The aim of the present work was to characterize horticultural characteristics in (AA banana diploid hybrids. The experiment was carried out at the experimental field of Embrapa Cassava and Tropical Fruits in randomized blocks with four replicates and 11 (AA banana diploid hybrids were evaluated: (4279-06, TH03-01, 8987-01, 0323-03, 1318-01, 0116-01, 8694-20, 1304-06, 9179-03, 4223-06 and SH3263. Data of the agronomical characteristics evaluated were submitted to the analysis of variance and the averages of the genotypes grouped by the Scott-Knott test at 5% of probability. The SH3263 genotype presented favorable values to the breeding for number of hands per bunch, number of fruits per bunch, low yellow-sigatoka incidence during flowering and also lower number of days

  7. Fungos micorrízicos arbusculares em bananeiras cultivadas no Vale do Submédio São Francisco Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with roots of banana cultivated in the Submédio São Francisco Valley

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    Adriana Mayumi Yano de Melo

    1997-12-01

    Full Text Available Na região do Vale do São Francisco, onde a exploração da agricultura irrigada é a principal responsável pela alta produção de frutas para exportação, a banana é uma das culturas que mais tem se expandido em área cultivada. Com o objetivo de registrar os fungos micorrízicos arbusculares associados a essa cultura, foram coletadas, sob a parte aérea da bananeira, amostras de solo da rizosfera, em quatro áreas com diferentes características de solo, sendo identificadas as espécies: Acaulospora longula Spain & Schenck, A. morrowiae Spain & Schenck, A. rehmii Sieverding & Toro, A. scrobiculata Trappe, A. spinosa Walker & Trappe, A. tuberculata Janos & Trappe, Entrophospora infrequens (Hall Ames & Schneider, Gigaspora ramisporophora Spain, Sieverding & Schenck, Glomus diaphanum Morton & Walker, G. etunicatum Becker & Gerd., G. intraradices Schenck & Smith, G. macrocarpum Tui. & Tui., G. mosseae (Nicol. & Gerd. Gerd. & Trappe, G. occultum Walker e Scutellospora sp. A percentagem de colonização das raízes de bananeiras nas diferentes áreas foi em média 55%.In the region of the São Francisco Valley, where irrigated agriculture is responsable for high production of fruits for exportation, banana is one of the most expanded crops in cultivated areas. In order to know the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with this crop, samples from the rhizosphere of banana plants were collected in four areas with different soil characteristics, being identified the species: Acaulospora longula Spain & Schenck, A. morrowiae Spain & Schenck, A. rehmii Sieverding & Toro, A. scrobiculata Trappe, A. spinosa Walker & Trappe, A. tuberculata Janos & Trappe, Entrophospora infrequens (Hall Ames & Schneider, Gigaspora ramisporophora Spain, Sieverding & Schenck, Glomus diaphanum Morton & Walker, G. etunicatum Becker & Gerd., G. intraradices Schenck & Smith, G. macrocarpum Tui. & Tui., G. mosseae (Nicol. & Gerd. Gerd. & Trappe, G. occultum Walker and

  8. Antenatal risk factors for symptomatic congenital CMV disease following primary maternal CMV infection.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hadar, Eran; Salzer, Liat; Dorfman, Elizabeta; Amir, Jacob; Pardo, Joseph

    2016-04-01

    This study aimed to evaluate antenatal risk factors associated with symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease, following in utero vertical infection. This study included a retrospective cohort of 155 neonates with congenital CMV infection, following primary maternal CMV infection during pregnancy, and were divided to symptomatic (n=95) and asymptomatic (n=60) newborns. Young maternal age (29.1±5.12 vs. 31.6±5.36 years, P=0.005), high risk occupation for viral exposure (20.0% vs. 11.7%, P=0.04), CMV IgG seroconversion at diagnosis (83.1% vs. 63.3%, P=0.005) and abnormal fetal MRI (11.6% vs. 0%, P=0.003) were found to be prognostic risk factors associated with symptomatic CMV disease of the newborn. Maternal febrile illness at diagnosis, IgG avidity, US findings and the timing of maternal infection were not associated with the occurrence of neonatal symptoms. Knowledge of the reported risk factors may assist in counseling parents with intra uterine CMV infection.

  9. Characterization of specific antibodies against cytomegalovirus (CMV)-encoded interleukin 10 produced by 28 % of CMV-seropositive blood donors

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    de Lemos Rieper, Carina; Galle, Pia Søndergaard; Pedersen, Bente Klarlund

    2011-01-01

    -10 nor with Epstein-Barr virus-encoded IL-10. Anti-cmvIL-10 antibodies potently inhibited the binding of cmvIL-10 to cellular receptors, and they specifically inhibited cmvIL-10-induced JAK-STAT signalling. Ultimately, anti-cmvIL-10 antibodies blocked the inhibitory effect of cmvIL-10...... percent of plasma samples from 3200 Danish blood donors (corresponding to 28¿% of the anti-CMV IgG-positive donors) contained substantial levels of anti-cmvIL-10 IgG antibodies, as measured by a radioimmunoassay for human anti-cmvIL-10 antibodies. The antibodies neither cross-reacted with native human IL...... on lipopolysaccharide-induced tumour necrosis factor alpha and IL-1ß from blood mononuclear cells. Taken together, our data signify that cmvIL-10 has been produced during CMV infection, and that anti-cmvIL-10 IgG antibodies represent an effective immunological counter reaction against cmvIL-10....

  10. CMV information: print, online, phone, video.

    Science.gov (United States)

    1996-10-04

    There are a number of treatment options available for cytomegalovirus (CMV) and approved preventive treatments for persons at high risk. Partnership in Vision has published a CMV Retinitis Report. A one-hour continuing medication education course entitled CMV Prophylaxis and Intraocular Therapy is available on the World Wide Web. The National Association of People with AIDS (NAPWA) has extended its CMV information hotline. Cidofovir is a new drug approved for marketing for CMV treatment. It is infused only once every two weeks. CMV videotapes are available from Hoffman-La Roche.

  11. Alterações nos teores nutricionais foliares de bananeira 'prata-anã' adubada com composto orgânico em cinco ciclos de produção

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Erval Rafael Damatto Junior

    2011-10-01

    Full Text Available O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar o estado nutricional da bananeira-'Prata-anã' durante cinco ciclos de cultivo com adubação orgânica, no município de Botucatu-SP. As plantas foram adubadas com composto orgânico produzido a partir de serragem de madeira e esterco bovino, em que os tratamentos foram constituídos de doses desse composto (0; 98,5; 197,0; 290,5 e 394,0 g de K2O/planta. Empregou-se delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos e cinco repetições. No florescimento das plantas em cada ciclo, foram retiradas amostras foliares de duas plantas por parcela para serem analisados os teores de nitrogênio, fósforo, potássio, cálcio, magnésio, enxofre, boro, cobre, ferro, manganês e zinco. A maior parte dos macronutrientes presentes nas folhas não foi influenciada pelo incremento de doses de composto orgânico. No decorrer dos ciclos avaliados, os teores foliares de nitrogênio, fósforo, potássio, enxofre, boro, ferro e manganês diminuíram, enquanto o cálcio e o magnésio se acumularam nas plantas. Os teores de potássio estavam abaixo dos padrões para a cultura no Estado de São Paulo, em todos os anos avaliados, mesmo assim as plantas não apresentaram sintomas de deficiência ou queda de produção, inferindo-se que a faixa considerada como adequada para a cultivar pode ser inferior aos padrões atualmente adotados.

  12. Caracteres da planta e do cacho de genótipos de bananeira, em quatro ciclos de produção, em Belmonte, Bahia Plant and branch characteristics of banana genotypes in four production cycles in Belmonte, Bahia state

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Basilio Vieira Leite

    2003-12-01

    Full Text Available Foram avaliados, no ecossistema de Mata Atlântica, em condições de sequeiro de Belmonte - BA, 15 genótipos de bananeira, contemplando variedades e híbridos obtidos no programa de melhoramento genético de bananeira da Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura. Os genótipos foram: 'Mysore', 'Thap Maeo', 'Caipira', 'Nam', PV03-76, PV03-44, JV03-15, PA03-22, 'Pioneira', 'Prata Anã', 'Ouro da Mata', 'Prata, 'Pacovan', 'Maçã' e 'Grande Naine'. Os caracteres avaliados foram: altura da planta (cm na roseta foliar e diâmetro do pseudocaule (cm a 30 cm do solo, no florescimento; número de dias do plantio à colheita; peso do cacho em kg; número de frutos por cacho e comprimento do fruto em cm. O espaçamento utilizado foi de 3,0 m x 2,0 m. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso, sendo cada parcela constituída de 49 plantas com 25 úteis em três repetições. Os tratos culturais foram os preconizados para a cultura. Não foi realizado controle da Sigatoca-amarela. A análise revelou que a avaliação de genótipos permite a identificação de variedades e cultivares promissoras para recomendação aos produtores, tendo se destacado, no cômputo das características avaliadas: 'Thap Maeo', 'Caipira', 'Nam' e PV03-76.Fifteen genotypes of banana were evaluated for their performance in the Mata Atlântica ecosystem, at Belmonte city, BA, with no irrigation system. The genotypes, including varieties and hybrids from Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura Banana Breeding Program, were as follow: Mysore, Thap Maeo, Caipira, Nam, PV03-76, PV03-44, JV03-15, PA03-22, Pioneira, Prata Anã, Ouro da Mata, Prata, Pacovan, Maçã and Grande Naine. The agronomic traits evaluated in the experiments were: plant height (cm and diameter of pseudostem (measure at 30 cm above ground during flowering; number of days from planting to harvest, weight of bunch (kg, number of hands and fingers to bunch and fingers length (cm. The plant spacing was 3,0 m between rows and 2

  13. Oral Valganciclovir as a Preemptive Treatment for Cytomegalovirus (CMV Infection in CMV-Seropositive Liver Transplant Recipients.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jong Man Kim

    Full Text Available Cytomegalovirus (CMV infections in liver transplant recipients are common and result in significant morbidity and mortality. Intravenous ganciclovir or oral valganciclovir are the standard treatment for CMV infection. The present study investigates the efficacy of oral valganciclovir in CMV infection as a preemptive treatment after liver transplantation.Between 2012 and 2013, 161 patients underwent liver transplantation at Samsung Medical Center. All patients received tacrolimus, steroids, and mycophenolate mofetil. Patients with CMV infection were administered oral valganciclovir (VGCV 900mg/day daily or intravenous ganciclovir (GCV 5mg/kg twice daily as preemptive treatment. Stable liver transplant recipients received VGCV.Eighty-three patients (51.6% received antiviral therapy as a preemptive treatment because of CMV infection. The model for end-stage liver disease (MELD score and the proportions of Child-Pugh class C, hepatorenal syndrome, and deceased donor liver transplantation in the CMV infection group were higher than in the no CMV infection group. Sixty-one patients received GCV and 22 patients received VGCV. The MELD scores in the GCV group were higher than in the VGCV group, but there were no statistical differences in the pretransplant variables between the two groups. AST, ALT, and total bilirubin levels in the GCV group were higher than in the VGCV group when CMV infection occurred. The incidences of recurrent CMV infection in the GCV and VGCV groups were 14.8% and 4.5%, respectively (P=0.277.Oral valganciclovir is feasible as a preemptive treatment for CMV infection in liver transplant recipients with stable graft function.

  14. AMIDO RESISTENTE EM FARINHAS DE BANANA VERDE

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    Dayana Portes RAMOS

    2010-03-01

    Full Text Available

    Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o teor de amido resistente (AR em farinhas de banana verde produzidas a partir de treze genótipos de bananeira. Para a produção da farinha foram separadas a 1ª, 3ª e 5ª pencas de cada genótipo, na qual cada penca correspondeu a uma repetição. Os frutos de cada penca no estádio 1 (casca completamente verde de maturação foram descascados manualmente, cortados em fatias circulares de 0,5 cm e desidratados em estufa com circulação de ar a 40ºC por 48 horas, sendo em seguida moídos. A análise de AR consistiu em um processo enzimático, calculando-se o conteúdo final pela concentração de glicose liberada. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise estatística e mostraram diferenças significativas para o teor de AR nas farinhas obtidas dos genótipos de bananeira, sendo que a farinha com maior teor de AR foi a produzida a partir do cultivar ‘Nam’ (40,25% e a menor pelo híbrido ‘Fhia 01’ (10,01%. Pode-se concluir que o conteúdo de AR varia em relação ao genótipo utilizado para a confecção da farinha e que a banana pode ser uma boa opção de estudo de alimento funcional.

  15. Estimativas de tamanho de parcelas para avaliação de descritores fenotípicos em bananeira Estimates of plot size for the evaluation of phenotipics descriptors in banana

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sérgio Luiz Rodrigues Donato

    2008-08-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar o tamanho adequado de parcelas experimentais, para avaliação de descritores fenotípicos em bananeira, a partir de um ensaio de uniformidade com a cultivar Tropical, no espaçamento de 3x2 m, em área útil com nove fileiras de 40 plantas. Foram avaliados: altura da planta; perímetro do pseudocaule; número de filhos emitidos e número de folhas vivas, no florescimento e na colheita; peso do cacho e das pencas; número de pencas e de frutos; peso da segunda penca; e peso, comprimento e diâmetro do fruto, em dois ciclos de produção. As plantas, consideradas unidades básicas, foram combinadas para formar diferentes tamanhos de parcelas. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância em modelo hierárquico. O tamanho da parcela foi estimado pelos métodos da máxima curvatura, máxima curvatura modificado e comparação de variâncias. Determinaram-se o índice de heterogeneidade do solo e a diferença detectável entre médias de tratamentos. A variabilidade aumentou entre os ciclos, com reflexos nos tamanhos de parcela, que variaram com o método utilizado, a variável avaliada e o ciclo de produção. O método da máxima curvatura modificado apresenta estimativas mais ajustadas. Parcelas com seis unidades básicas (36 m² são apropriadas para avaliar, com precisão, os descritores fenotípicos em bananeira.The aim of this work was to estimate the adequate size of experimental plots, for the evaluation of phenotypic descriptors in banana, from a trial of uniformity with the cultivar Tropical, in the spacing of 3x2 m, in a useful area with nine rows of 40 plants. The following variables were evaluated: plant height; pseudostem perimeter; number of emitted suckers and number live leaves, during flowering and at harvest; weight of the bunch and the hands; number of hands and fruits; weight of the second hand; weight, length and diameter of the fruit, in two cycles of production. The plants

  16. Development of cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease may be predicted in HIV-infected patients by CMV polymerase chain reaction and the antigenemia test

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Dodt, K K; Jacobsen, P H; Hofmann, B

    1997-01-01

    ; OR: CMV PCR 10.0, antigenemia test 4.4 and CMV cultures 4.3. No clinical parameters had any significant predictive value in the stepwise multivariate model. CONCLUSIONS: The CMV PCR and the CMV antigenemia tests are both sensitive methods that may predict development of CMV disease up to several...... evaluated PCR and the antigenemia tests as methods for early detection of CMV disease. METHODS: Two-hundred HIV-seropositive subjects with CD4 T-cell counts below 100 x 10(6)/l were monitored with CMV polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the antigenemia test, blood cultures and CMV immunoglobulin (Ig) G and Ig...... showed that the CMV PCR, the antigenemia test and blood cultures all had significant predictive values for subsequent development of CMV disease with odds ratios (OR) of 30, 22 and 20. CMV serology had no predictive value. Multivariate analysis showed that the PCR method was superior to the other tests...

  17. ESTIMATIVA DO CONTEÚDO DE DNA DE DIFERENTES ACESSOS DE BANANEIRA: RELAÇÕES ENTRE NÍVEL DE PLOIDIA E GRUPOS GENÔMICOS

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    RAFAEL HANSEN MADAIL

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available RESUMO A determinação do nível de ploidia é muito importante, principalmente em programas de melhoramento genético que envolvem poliploides, a fim de possibilitar a escolha adequada dos materiais vegetais com os quais se deseja trabalhar. A relação entre o conteúdo de DNA de acessos de bananeira e sua ploidia ainda permanece controversa na literatura; assim, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o conteúdo de DNA de acessos de bananeira com diferentes níveis de ploidia. Foram avaliados sete acessos tetraploides, quatro triploides e quatro diploides. A determinação do conteúdo foi realizada pela técnica de citometria de fluxo. Foram trituradas entre 50-60 mg de folhas frescas, juntamente com o padrão interno (Pisum sativum no tampão LB01, e, posteriormente, as amostras foram filtradas em gaze e filtro de 50 µm. Adicionaram-se 5 µL de RNase e 25 µL de iodeto de propídeo. Para cada amostra, foram analisados 10 mil núcleos, com três repetições. Os resultados obtidos para o conteúdo de DNA permitiram estimar o tamanho dos genomas A e B, sendo o primeiro cerca de 14% maior que o segundo. Os resultados apresentaram clara relação entre o conteúdo de DNA e o nível de ploidia dos materiais. O contéudo de DNA apresentou aumento médio de 30% nas cultivares diploides em relação às cultivares triploides avaliadas e de 25% nas cultivares triploides em relação às cultivares tetraploides. Apesar da diferença nos tamanhos dos genomas A e B, contribuições distintas desses dois genomas não foram diretamente relacionadas com alterações no conteúdo do DNA de cultivares tetraploides.

  18. CMV infection after transplant from cord blood compared to other alternative donors: the importance of donor-negative CMV serostatus.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mikulska, Małgorzata; Raiola, Anna Maria; Bruzzi, Paolo; Varaldo, Riccardo; Annunziata, Silvana; Lamparelli, Teresa; Frassoni, Francesco; Tedone, Elisabetta; Galano, Barbara; Bacigalupo, Andrea; Viscoli, Claudio

    2012-01-01

    Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and disease are important complications after hematopoietic stem cell transplant, particularly after transplant from alternative donors. Allogeneic cord blood transplantation (CBT) is being increasingly used, but immune recovery may be delayed. The aim of this study was to compare CMV infection in CBT with transplants from unrelated or mismatched related donors, from now on defined as alternative donors. A total of 165 consecutive transplants were divided in 2 groups: (1) alternative donors transplants (n = 85) and (2) CBT recipients (n = 80). Donor and recipient (D/R) CMV serostatus were recorded. The incidence of CMV infection, its severity, timing, and outcome were compared. Median follow-up was 257 days (1-1328). CMV infection was monitored by CMV antigenemia and expressed as CMV Ag positive cell/2 × 10(5) polymorphonuclear blood cells. There was a trend toward a higher cumulative incidence of CMV infection among CBT than alternative donor transplant recipients (64% vs 51%, P = .12). The median time to CMV reactivation was 35 days, and was comparable in the 2 groups (P = .8). The maximum number of CMV-positive cells was similar in the 2 groups (11 versus 16, P = .2). The time interval between the first and the last positive CMV antigenemia was almost 4 times longer in CBT compared with alternative donor transplants (109 vs 29 days, respectively, P = .008). The incidence of late CMV infection was also higher in CBT (62% vs 24%, P donor transplants, whereas no difference in mortality was observed. The duration and incidence of late CMV infection were similar when D-/R+ CBT were compared with D-/R+ alternative donor transplants. Copyright © 2012 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  19. Lowering risk of CMV.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pearce, Lynne

    Teenager Alicia Parks' severe disabilities are the result of being born with congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV). Alicia's mother, paediatric nurse Mandy Parks, is calling for greater awareness of CMV among nurses. She explains the simple precautions that can reduce the spread of this common infection.

  20. CMV Serostatus of Donor-Recipient Pairs Influences the Risk of CMV Infection/Reactivation in HSCT Patients

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    Emilia Jaskula

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available CMV donor/recipient serostatus was analyzed in 200 patients allografted in our institution from unrelated (122 patients donors and 78 sibling donors in the years 2002–2011 in relation to posttransplant complications. On a group basis independently of the CMV serostatus of donor-recipient pairs sibling transplantations and those from unrelated donors that matched 10/10 at allele level had a similar rate of CMV reactivation (17/78 versus 19/71, P=ns. The rate of CMV reactivation/infection was higher in patients grafted from donors accepted at the lower level of matching than 10/10 (18/38 versus 36/149, P=0.008. The incidence of aGvHD followed frequencies of CMV reactivation in the tested groups, being 40/156 and 25/44 in patients grafted from sibling or unrelated donors that 10/10 matched and in those grafted from donors taht HLA mismatched, respectively (P=0.001. Regarding the rate of reactivation in both groups seropositive patients receiving a transplant from seronegative donors had more frequently CMV reactivation as compared to those with another donor-recipient matching CMV serostatus constellation (22/43 versus 32/143, P=0<0.001. Multivariate analysis revealed that seropositivity of recipients with concomitant seronegativity of donors plays an independent role in the CMV reactivation/infection (OR=2.669, P=0.037; OR=5.322, P=0.078; OR=23.034, P=0.023 for optimally matched and mismatched patients and the whole group of patients, resp..

  1. Distribuição do sistema radicular da bananeira 'Prata-Anã' em duas freqüências de fertirrigação com uréia Distribution of the 'Prata Anã' root system in two urea fertirrigation frequencies

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Lúcia Borges

    2008-03-01

    Full Text Available O conhecimento da distribuição das raízes da bananeira subsidia informações para orientar a melhor localização de água e fertilizantes, resultando em incremento da produtividade do pomar. Em Latossolo Amarelo distrófico argissólico, em sistema de fileiras duplas (4 x 2 x 2 m, avaliou-se a distribuição do sistema radicular da bananeira 'Prata-Anã', antes da colheita do 2º ciclo, em duas freqüências de fertirrigação com uréia (400 kg de N/ha/ano, a cada 3 dias (F1 e a cada 15 dias (F2. As raízes foram coletadas em diferentes profundidades e distâncias, utilizando tubo metálico, sendo separadas do solo e quantificadas pelo programa GS Root. A maior freqüência de aplicação de N e de água (3 dias favoreceu a densidade de raízes, em comparação com a menor freqüência (15 dias. A maior concentração de raízes ocorreu nas camadas superficiais, até 0,30 m, e entre a planta e o microaspersor. Predominaram raízes de diâmetro entre 0,2 e >1,5 mm, tanto nas camadas superficiais (0 a 0,20 m de profundidade quanto entre a planta e o microaspersor.The knowledge of the distribution of roots in bananas generates information that guide the location of water and fertilizers, resulting an increase in crop yield in banana plantations. The 'Prata Anã' banana root distribution system, in loam clay sandy Yellow Latosol, before harvest of the second cycle, was evaluated in two urea fertirrigation frequencies (400 kg of N/ha/year every 3 days (F1 and 15 days (F2. Root samples were collected in different distances and depths with a metallic tube, separated from the soil and quantified using the GSRoot software. Higher urea fertirrigation frequency (3 days favored root density, in relation to the 15 days frequency. The amount of roots in the superficial layers (up to 0.30 m was greater, decreasing with the depth, as well as for the plant in the direction of the micro sprinkler, and less in the opposite direction. Roots of diameter

  2. CMV genotyping using different samples in post renal transplant recipients with CMV disease

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ramya Barani

    2017-10-01

    Full Text Available CMV is the most common viral infection which occurs in post renal transplant recipients (PTR. There are four different gB genotypes (gB1 to gB4 which exist in CMV. Studies have reported that mixed infection with different genotypes will cause severe clinical manifestations as well as co-infection with other herpesvirus including Epstein-Barr virus (EBV [1]. CMV can cause compartmentalized disease involving different organs with different genotypes. There are reports in immuno compromised individuals with different genotypes [2, 3]. Institutional ethics committee approval was obtained prior to conduct of the study (IEC-NI/08/DEC/07/46. Whole blood, saliva and urine were collected from PTR. DNA were extracted (Qiagen DNA mini kit and CMV quantitative PCR targeting ppUL83 gene was performed with CMV R-gene™ using an ABI 7900 Fast real time PCR (SDS Version: 2.4. PTR who had high viral load (>1000 copies/ml in any three or two samples were included for CMV genotyping PCR targeting gB region (410-bp [2]. DNA sequencing was performed in ABI 3730 GA platform by Sanger method and sequences were analyzed by reference strains. A total of 24 samples were collected from 9 PTR. Among these four PTR had high viral load in all three samples (whole blood, urine & saliva and those with high viral load (n=5 in 2 samples (Whole blood & urine/saliva were screened for CMV genotyping. Majority of the strains belonged to genotype B1 and only one PTR was infected with genotype B2 in three samples. In PTR with genotype B1, gastro intestinal infection (GI was predominantly found in 78% (n=7 followed by graft dysfunction (GDF in 56% (n=5 of the PTR. PTR who detected with genotype B2 was associated with fever, leukopenia (CMV syndrome, GDF and also found with EBV infection. Co-infection with EBV was observed in 44% (n=4; VZV and HSV type 1 was also observed. Genotypes are associated with the severity of the disease and co-infection with other herpes virus infections. In

  3. Efeito da adubação mineral, orgânica e calagem, na produção da bananeira em várzea litorânea de Caraguatatuba - Estado de São Paulo Fertilizer experiments with the banana plant

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    João Fereira da Cunha

    1963-01-01

    Full Text Available São apresentados os resultados da adubação de bananeira com adubos químicos, orgânicos, sob a forma de tortas oleaginosas, e calagem, efetuada com carbonato de cálcio, em dois solos comumente usados para plantio de bananais no município do Caraguatatuba, litoral de São Paulo. Os delineamentos usados foram os de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições e oito tratamentos para os experimentos de adubos químicos e orgânicos, o quatro tratamentos, com o mesmo número de repetições, para os de calagem. Na adubação química, os elementos N, P e K foram estudados em três níveis, com várias combinações. Os ensaios com adubos químicos mostraram que apenas a adubação potássica teve influência acentuada sôbre a produção. A adubação azotada revelou pequeno efeito o fósforo não modificou a produção da bananeira nos solos estudados. As tortas oleaginosas proporcionaram grandes aumentos de produção, sobretudo, a de mamona, que trouxe produções cêrca de duas vêzes superior à de algodão. As aplicações de calcário, como corretivo, não produziram resultados significativos sôbre a produção da bananeira nos solos estudados, cujo pH variava entre 5,17 a 5,95.Fertilizer experiments were carried out to study the response of the banana plant to mineral and organic fertilizers, and to soil correctives. The experiments were conducted at Caraguatatuba on two types of the soils generally used for the banana crop in the coastal areas of São Paulo State. The experiments were designed in randomized blocks with four replications. Eight treatments, including mineral fertilizers and meals, were compared. In case of liming four treatments were applied. The resulta from the experiments indicated that potassium induced a strong response, especially in the area called Sítio Ribeirão. A response to nitrogen was noticed only at Sítio Velho, where small quantities of this element were necessary. No response to phosphorus and lime was

  4. MONITORING OF CMV INFECTION IN KIDNEY TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS

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    Zhivka Stoykova

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available Human cytomegalovirus is a ubiquitous herpesvirus that establishes lifelong latency after primary infection, but can cause life-threatening disease in immunosuppressed patients. CMV invasive disease leads to significant morbidity and mortality following kidney transplantation. We tested 2 groups of patients - Group A included 20 potential kidney recipients and 29 potential donors investigated by ELISA and Group B included 53 adult kidney transplant recipients all of them tested in ELISA and 24 of them tested in QRT-PCR for CMV-DNA from plasma samples. In group A 16 (80% of 20 potential kidney recipients were anti-CMV IgG positive and 4 (20% were anti-CMV IgG negative. Twenty eight of 29 potential donors were found seropositive, and only one was not infected. In group B overall 119 ELISA tests for specific anti-CMV antibodies were performed. Anti-CMV IgM negative was 68 (57% of the tested samples, twelve (10% showed anti-CMV IgM equivocal results and 39 samples (33% were with anti-CMV IgM positive. Seven of them (13,2% showed repeatedly anti CMV IgM positive results. All 119 (100% displayed аnti-CMV IgG positive results. Overall 41 PCR analyses from plasma samples of 24 kidney transplant recipients (group B were performed. CMV-DNA replication was detected in 5 plasma samples obtained from 3 patients (12.5% at a different time - from 20 days till almost 8 years after the transplantation. Despite the high seroprevalence to CMV 20% of the potential recipients were at high risk of primary infection when receiving a kidney from a seropositive donor. Positive serological results during the regular post-transplantation monitoring complemented with or without clinical data are indicative and require further QRT-PCR analysis.

  5. CMV Arthritis in a HIV Infected Teenage Girl

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cambrea, C.; Cambrea, M.; Marcas, C.

    2006-01-01

    Full text: Introduction: The disease with Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in the immuno depressed patients is determined either by the reactivation of a latent infection or by the primary infection at a seronegative receptor from a seropositive blood donor. The CMV infection is an important co-factor of the progress of the HIV infection. Some clinical forms are mode frequently met: the CMV pneumonia, the CMV gastrointestinal infection, the CMV retinitis and the central nervous system condition as CMV meningitis. Other locations such as carditis, myositis, or arthritis are very seldom mentioned. Objectives: The presentation of a clinical case of CMV polyarthritis. Material And Method: A retrospective study of the medical record of an HIV infected teenage girl. Results: A teenage girl of 16 diagnosed with HIV for 10 years was hospitalized twice in 2 months. At the first hospitalization she presented abdominal pain, vomiting, pyrosis and severe asthenia. A gastro-duodenal radiography was performed which showed gastroduodenitis lesions. The serology for CMV IgG was positive, at a high titre and a diagnose of gastrointestinal infection was given. At the second episode of hospitalization the patient presented myalgia and polyarthralgia. A bone scintigraphy was performed which showed inflammations of the spinal column joints in the T6-L3 area, sacro-illiac joint (bilateral), scapulo-humeral joint and coxo-femural joint and also in the left knee joint area. Based on clinical and para clinical data, the diagnose was CMV polyarthritis. After this episode the patient underwent etiological treatment for CMV with Ganciclovyr with a good progress and no other localizations of the infection. Conclusions: We consider the bone scintigraphy useful for the CMV arthritis diagnose. In order to settle which are the most affected joints in this infection we find the screening by bone scintigraphy very significant for the patients with clinical and laboratory suspicion of CMV polyarthritis. (author)

  6. Immunostimulation by cytomegalovirus (CMV): helper T cell-dependent activation of immunoglobulin production in vitro by lymphocytes from CMV-immune donors

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yachie, A.; Tosato, G.; Straus, S.E.; Blaese, R.M.

    1985-01-01

    Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the cause of a number of different diseases ranging from self-limited benign infections in healthy adults to life threatening illnesses among immunocompromised hosts and newborns. Suppression of cell-mediated immunity is often found in cases of acute CMV infection, and in addition, the virus may also be a potent stimulant of lymphoid cells in vivo. The authors studied cellular proliferation and immunoglobulin (Ig) production induced by CMV to determine its effect on human lymphocytes in vitro. The CMV that was added to cultures of lymphocytes from CMV-seronegative donors failed to induce either significant cellular proliferation or Ig production. By contrast, CMV-stimulated cultures from CMV-seropositive donors induced both prominent cellular proliferation and Ig production. B cell differentiation into Ig-secreting cells required the presence of T cells, and this T cell help was sensitive to irradiation with 2000 rad and to treatment with cyclosporin A. When T cells were depleted of OKT4+ cells with monoclonal antibody and complement, the co-cultured B cells failed to produce Ig, whereas the depletion of OKT8+ cells had no effect on the Ig-secreting cell response. Inactivation of CMV before culture did not result in a reduction of either cellular proliferation or Ig production. Thus, infection of target cells is not required for in vitro lymphocyte activation by CMV. These results demonstrate that CMV is a potent activator of B cells inducing Ig production in vitro, and that this process requires the presence of virus-specific memory T cells

  7. Kinetics of IgG antibody to cytomegalovirus (CMV) after birth and seroprevalence of anti-CMV IgG in Chinese children.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chen, Jie; Hu, Lingqing; Wu, Meiling; Zhong, Tianying; Zhou, Yi-Hua; Hu, Yali

    2012-12-10

    Prevalence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is 90-100% in developing countries; however, the kinetics of anti-CMV IgG in infants remains elusive. Sera from 112 mother-newborn pairs and longitudinal samples from 41 infants up to 2-year old were tested for anti-CMV IgG and IgM. Additionally, samples from 837 healthy children were included. Of 112 mothers, 108 (96.4%) were anti-CMV IgG positive; their 108 newborns were also seropositive. In a 2-year follow-up among 40 infants of positive mothers, anti-CMV IgG level in 8 individuals decreased with time and became undetectable by age of 3.5-8 months, and that in 32 others decreased at 1- and 3.5-month old, and then increased. Based on the positive IgM, rising IgG levels, and low anti-CMV IgG avidity index, 76.7% of the primary infections were demonstrated to occur during 1-3.5 months of age. The overall seroprevalence of anti-CMV in 837 children was 82.4%, which was generally constant from 2 to 8 years old (χ2 = 3.150, p = 0.790). The maternally acquired anti-CMV IgG in infants disappears before 8-month old. Primary CMV infection in Chinese children mostly occurs during 1-3.5 months of age. Whether the relatively lower seroprevalence of anti-CMV in Chinese children found in this survey may reflect the positive rate in child-bearing age women in the future remains to be further studied.

  8. ALTERAÇÕES EM ALGUNS ATRIBUTOS QUÍMICOS DO SOLO DECORRENTES DA IRRIGAÇÃO E ADUBAÇÃO NITROGENADA E POTÁSSICA EM BANANEIRA APÓS DOIS CICLOS DE CULTIVO CHANGES ON SOME SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES DUE TO NITROGEN AND POTASSIUM FERTILIZATION AND IRRIGATION IN BANANA PLANTATION AFTER TWO CROP CYCLES

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    LUIZ ANTONIO JUNQUEIRA TEIXEIRA

    2001-12-01

    Full Text Available Com o objetivo de avaliar alterações em atributos químicos do solo causadas pela adubação nitrogenada e potássica em bananeira sob duas condições de irrigação, coletaram-se amostras de um Latossolo Vermelho Eutroférrico típico (Eutrustox, provenientes de um experimento de campo executado em Jaboticabal (SP durante dois anos. Empregou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso com os tratamentos em parcelas subdivididas, sendo as parcelas principais constituídas por dois regimes hídricos: irrigado (microaspersão e sequeiro, e as subparcelas, pelas combinações de quatro doses de nitrogênio (0; 200; 400 e 800 kg ha-1 ano-1 de N e quatro de potássio (0; 300; 600 e 900 kg ha-1 ano-1 de K2O. A adubação nitrogenada causou decréscimos significativos nos valores de pH do solo, saturação por bases e teor de Mg trocável. O cultivo de bananeiras, especialmente sob irrigação, determinou redução significativa nos teores de K trocável do solo em dois ciclos de produção. Os efeitos da cultura sobre alguns atributos do solo indicam a necessidade de monitoramento periódico da fertilidade, visando à manutenção de condições satisfatórias para produção, especialmente quanto à acidez e aos teores de K e Mg trocáveis.Soil samples were analyzed with the objective of investigating changes on some soil chemical properties due to nitrogen and potassium fertilization and irrigation in a banana plantation. The samples were collected in a field experiment carried out on an Eutrustox (Latossolo Vermelho Eutroférrico típico in São Paulo State, Brazil, during two crop seasons. A split-plot design was used with irrigation (micro-sprinkler and no irrigation applied to main plots and a combination of four rates of N (0, 200, 400 and 800 kg N ha-1 year-1 and K (0, 300, 600 and 900 kg K2O ha-1 year-1 as the sub-plots treatments. Soil pH, base saturation and exchangeable Mg decreased with increasing in N rates. Exchangeable K was

  9. Kinetics of IgG antibody to cytomegalovirus (CMV after birth and seroprevalence of anti-CMV IgG in Chinese children

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Chen Jie

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Prevalence of cytomegalovirus (CMV infection is 90–100% in developing countries; however, the kinetics of anti-CMV IgG in infants remains elusive. Methods Sera from 112 mother-newborn pairs and longitudinal samples from 41 infants up to 2-year old were tested for anti-CMV IgG and IgM. Additionally, samples from 837 healthy children were included. Results Of 112 mothers, 108 (96.4% were anti-CMV IgG positive; their 108 newborns were also seropositive. In a 2-year follow-up among 40 infants of positive mothers, anti-CMV IgG level in 8 individuals decreased with time and became undetectable by age of 3.5–8 months, and that in 32 others decreased at 1- and 3.5-month old, and then increased. Based on the positive IgM, rising IgG levels, and low anti-CMV IgG avidity index, 76.7% of the primary infections were demonstrated to occur during 1–3.5 months of age. The overall seroprevalence of anti-CMV in 837 children was 82.4%, which was generally constant from 2 to 8 years old (χ2 = 3.150, p = 0.790. Conclusions The maternally acquired anti-CMV IgG in infants disappears before 8-month old. Primary CMV infection in Chinese children mostly occurs during 1–3.5 months of age. Whether the relatively lower seroprevalence of anti-CMV in Chinese children found in this survey may reflect the positive rate in child-bearing age women in the future remains to be further studied.

  10. High Cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNAemia Predicts CMV Sequelae in Asymptomatic Congenitally Infected Newborns Born to Women With Primary Infection During Pregnancy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Forner, Gabriella; Abate, Davide; Mengoli, Carlo; Palù, Giorgio; Gussetti, Nadia

    2015-07-01

    We investigated the kinetics of cytomegalovirus (CMV) clearance in blood and urine and the relationship between the viral load in blood at birth and the development of late-onset sequelae in asymptomatic congenital CMV infection. Thirty-three newborns with congenital asymptomatic CMV infection born to women with primary CMV infection during pregnancy were enrolled. CMV infection was monitored by polymerase chain reaction analysis of blood and urine. The follow-up examination was concluded at 6 years of age. Ten infants developed postnatal sequelae, whereas twenty-three infants remained asymptomatic. Fifty percent of babies cleared CMV in blood and urine within 3 and 36 months, respectively. Logistic multivariate regression revealed that the risk of neonatal clinical disease crossed the level of 50% with a DNAemia at birth of ≥ 12,000 copies/mL (P = .0002). The risk of hearing deficit crossed the level of 50% with a DNAemia at birth of ≥ 17,000 copies/mL (P = .0001). No significant difference was found between the kinetics of CMV clearance in asymptomatic children as compared to babies with late-onset disease. Asymptomatic newborns with a CMV DNAemia at birth of ≥ 12,000 copies/mL were more likely to experience CMV-related sequelae. The risk of hearing deficit increased with a viral load in blood of ≥ 17,000 copies/mL. © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

  11. Avaliação de genótipos tetraploides de bananeira cultivados em área infestada pelo agente causal do mal-do-Panamá

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sebastião de Oliveira e Silva

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available O mal-do-Panamá é uma doença que causa grandes prejuízos à bananicultura no Brasil, uma vez que as principais cultivares em uso são suscetíveis ao Fusarium. Este trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar características agronômicas e resistência ao mal-do-Panamá de híbridos tetraploides de bananeira. O experimento foi conduzido no campo experimental da Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura Tropical, em delineamento casualizado, com 14 tratamentos e 10 repetições, nos anos de 2000 e 2001. Foram avaliados 14 tetraploides (FHIA-03, PV03-44, PC42-01, PV42-53, PV42-68, PV42-81, PV42-85, PV42-129, PV42-142, PV42-143, SH3640, ST12-31, ST42-08 e YB42-21 e a cultivar Maçã, usada como testemunha. Avaliaram-se as características altura da planta (m e diâmetro do pseudocaule (cm a 30 cm do solo, peso da massa do cacho (kg, penca (kg e fruto (g, número de pencas por cacho, de frutos por penca e de dias do florescimento à colheita, e a incidência do mal-do-Panamá. As médias dos genótipos foram agrupadas pelo teste de Scott e Knott, a 5% de probabilidade. Observa-se uma ampla variação genética nos caracteres avaliados. Os genótipos FHIA 03, ST12-31, SH3640, PV42-142, PV42-53 e PV42-68apresentam boas características agronômicas e resistência ao mal-do-Panamá.

  12. Kinetics of IgG antibody to cytomegalovirus (CMV) after birth and seroprevalence of anti-CMV IgG in Chinese children

    OpenAIRE

    Chen, Jie; Hu, Lingqing; Wu, Meiling; Zhong, Tianying; Zhou, Yi-Hua; Hu, Yali

    2012-01-01

    Abstract Background Prevalence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is 90–100% in developing countries; however, the kinetics of anti-CMV IgG in infants remains elusive. Methods Sera from 112 mother-newborn pairs and longitudinal samples from 41 infants up to 2-year old were tested for anti-CMV IgG and IgM. Additionally, samples from 837 healthy children were included. Results Of 112 mothers, 108 (96.4%) were anti-CMV IgG positive; their 108 newborns were also seropositive. In a 2-year follow-u...

  13. Transfusion-transmitted CMV infection - current knowledge and future perspectives.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ziemann, M; Thiele, T

    2017-08-01

    Transmission of human cytomegalovirus (CMV) via transfusion (TT-CMV) may still occur and remains a challenge in the treatment of immunocompromised CMV-seronegative patients, e.g. after stem cell transplantation, and for low birthweight infants. Measures to reduce the risk of TT-CMV have been evaluated in clinical studies, including leucocyte depletion of cellular blood products and/or the selection of CMV-IgG-negative donations. Studies in large blood donor cohorts indicate that donations from newly CMV-IgG-positive donors should bear the highest risk for transmitting CMV infections because they contain the highest levels of CMV-DNA, and early CMV antibodies cannot neutralise CMV. Based on this knowledge, rational strategies to reduce the residual risk of TT-CMV using leucoreduced blood products could be designed. However, there is a lack of evidence that CMV is still transmitted by transfusion of leucoreduced units. In low birthweight infants, most (if not all) CMV infections are caused by breast milk feeding or congenital transmission rather than by transfusion of leucoreduced blood products. For other patients at risk, no definitive data exist about the relative importance of alternative transmission routes of CMV compared to blood transfusion. As a result, only the conduction of well-designed studies addressing strategies to prevent TT-CMV and the thorough examination of presumed cases of TT-CMV will achieve guidance for the best transfusion regimen in patients at risk. © 2017 British Blood Transfusion Society.

  14. Avaliação de genótipos de bananeira no norte do Estado do Paraná

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rogério de Sá Borges

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho de 14 genótipos de bananeira na região norte do Estado do Paraná. O experimento foi conduzido sem irrigação em uma propriedade comercial localizada no município de Andirá-PR, no período de 2007 a 2009. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, com oito repetições e uma planta por parcela. O genótipo FHIA 17 destacou-se dos demais, apresentando o melhor conjunto de caracteres agronômicos. Os genótipos PA42-44, PV94-01 e 'BRS Princesa' apresentaram características semelhantes às testemunhas de mesmo subgrupo 'Prata-Anã', 'Pacovan' e 'Maçã', respectivamente, sendo portanto, alternativas de cultivo por serem resistentes às sigatokas-negra e amarela e ao mal-do-Panamá.

  15. Identificação de variantes somaclonais em bananeiras 'Prata Anã', utilizando técnicas moleculares e citogenéticas Identification of somaclonal variants in 'Prata Anã' banana using molecular and cytogenetic techniques

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nilson César Castanheira Guimarães

    2009-04-01

    Full Text Available Variação somaclonal é uma variação fenotípica de origem genética, ou seja, uma variação cromossômica que se torna herdável nas gerações seguintes, ou epigenética, que é uma variação transitória devido ao estresse fisiológico que o material sofre, quando submetido ao cultivo in vitro. Um problema específico envolvendo a variação somaclonal em bananeiras 'Prata Anã' foi observado em Andradas, Minas Gerais, em plantas oriundas de micropropagação. A maior dificuldade na separação dos indivíduos normais e variantes é que os caracteres morfológicos, que são inerentes a este tipo de variação, só se tornam evidentes quando a planta está adulta, o que impossibilita a eliminação dos indivíduos variantes ainda em viveiro. Com o objetivo de identificar, ainda em viveiro aqueles indivíduos variantes somaclonais, técnicas moleculares (RAPD e SSR e citogenéticas (contagem cromossômica e citometria de fluxo foram utilizadas. Cento e três primers RAPD, 11 combinações de dois primers RAPD, e 33 pares de primers SSR foram utilizados na tentativa de se encontrar marcadores polimórficos capazes de distinguir os indivíduos normais dos variantes, além de distinguir bananeiras 'Prata Anã' de 'Prata'. O primer OPW-08 gerou um fragmento polimórfico que distinguiu uma planta variante de todas as demais, provando que a variação não ocorre de maneira uniforme no genoma dos indivíduos variantes e que não há um retorno à cultivar Prata. As análises com marcadores SSR e a contagem cromossômica não possibilitaram a distinção dos indivíduos variantes, nem a separação das cultivares Prata e Prata Anã. As análises de citometria de fluxo evidenciaram a grande instabilidade cromossômica das bananeiras, porém elas não foram eficientes na identificação de variantes somaclonais.Somaclonal variation is a phenotypical variation of genetic origin, that is, a chromosomal variation that becomes inheritable in the

  16. DESENVOLVIMENTO E PRODUÇÃO DE BANANEIRA ‘GRANDE NAINE’ EM DIFERENTES SISTEMAS DE MANEJO PARA A CONVIVÊNCIA COM A SIGATOKA-NEGRA NO VALE DO RIBEIRA-SP

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    EDSON SHIGUEAKI NOMURA

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar o desenvolvimento e a produção de bananeira da cultivar Grande Naine submetidos a diferentes sistemas de manejo para a convivência com a Sigatoka-negra no Vale do Ribeira-SP (Brasil. Utilizou-se de mudas de ‘Grande Naine’ micropropagadas e conduzidas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco tratamentos (sistemas de manejo: plantio intercalado; fungicida; desfolha+plantio intercalado; desfolha+fungicida; testemunha e subdividida no tempo (dois ciclos de produção, com oito repetições, considerando uma planta por repetição. Foram avaliados os seguintes parâmetros: altura da planta, diâmetro do pseudocaule, número de folhas ativas no florescimento e na colheita, massa fresca dos frutos comercializáveis, produtividade, número de pencas, número total de frutos, massa fresca total e por frutos da 2ª penca, comprimento e diâmetro de frutos da 2ª penca. Os dados foram submetidos a análises de variâncias, pelo teste F; e as médias, quando significativas, foram submetidas ao teste de Tukey (5 % de probabilidade. Conclui-se que as aplicações de fungicidas foram eficientes para o controle da Sigatoka-negra, com melhores resultados no desenvolvimento, na produção e na qualidade dos frutos da cultivar Grande Naine, porém sem apresentar diferenças quando associados com a desfolha. O plantio intercalado afetou negativamente em todos os parâmetro de desenvolvimento e produção da cultivar Grande Naine.

  17. Detecção e análise da variabilidade de seqüências do Banana streak virus (BSV em bananeiras no Brasil Detection and analysis of Banana streak virus (BSV sequences variability of banana from Brazil

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    Daniel Figueiredo

    2006-06-01

    Full Text Available A técnica de PCR utilizando-se "primers" degenerados para o gênero Badnavirus foi utilizada para a detecção e análise da variabilidade de seqüências do Banana streak virus (BSV provenientes de bananeiras. A partir desta metodologia seqüências do vírus puderam ser detectadas em cultivares diplóides (AA, triplóides (AAA; AAB e tetraplóides (AAAB. Foram encontrados quatro padrões de seqüência do BSV (estirpes BSVBR-1, BSVBR-2, BSVBR-3 e BSVBR-4, diferenciadas através da análise do perfil eletroforético das amostras amplificadas. A estirpe BSVBR-1 prevalece nos estados do Acre, Amazonas, Bahia, Ceará, Goiás, Minas Gerais, Piauí, Rio de Janeiro, Rondônia, Santa Catarina, e São Paulo, enquanto que, a estirpe BSVBR-2 foi encontrada em amostras oriundas do Amazonas e do Ceará. As estirpes BSVBR-3 e BSVBR-4 foram encontradas apenas no Ceará. Este trabalho revela a presença de diferentes estirpes do BSV no Brasil, bem como a existência de cultivares de bananeiras sadias e livres de seqüências virais do BSV integradas ao seu genoma.PCR assay using degenerate primers, designed to Badnavirus genus, was used to detect and analyse the variability of BSV strains sequences from banana. The virus was detected in diploid (AA, triploids (AAA; AAB and tetraploids (AAAB banana cultivars. Four BSV sequences patterns (BSVBR-1, BSVBR-2, BSVBR-3 and BSVBR-4 strains were found, and distinguished by eletrophoresis. The strain BSVBR-1 was found in the states of Acre, Amazonas, Bahia, Ceará, Goiás, Minas Gerais, Piauí, Rio de Janeiro, Rondônia, Santa Catarina and São Paulo, while BSVBR-2 strain was detected in the states of Amazonas and Ceará. BSVBR-3 and BSVBR-4 strains were found only in the state of Ceará. This work demonstrated the presence of different BSV strains in Brazil and the existence of health banana cultivars as well as cultivars free of BSV integrated sequences.

  18. Avaliação nutricional de bananeira 'Prata Anã' (AAB, sob irrigação no semi-árido do norte de Minas Gerais, pelo método DRIS Nutritional evaluation of the 'Prata Anã'banana (AAB under irrigation, in the semi-arid of north of Minas Gerais state, for the DRIS method

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    José Tadeu Alves da Silva

    2005-08-01

    Full Text Available Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o estado nutricional de bananeiras 'Prata Anã' (ABB cultivadas no Norte de Minas Gerais, utilizando o método do sistema integrado de diagnose e recomendação (DRIS. Foram realizadas as avaliações nutricionais de 168 amostras de folhas coletadas em 58 áreas cultivadas com bananeira irrigada. O Cu e Mn foram os nutrientes que apresentaram teores deficientes em maiores freqüências de bananais e Ca, Mg e Mn apresentaram teores excessivos em maiores freqüências. Os teores de N e K apresentaram-se deficientes em 18% e 23% dos bananais, respectivamente. A freqüência de bananais com teor adequado de N foi maior naqueles da população de alta produtividade.Verificou-se a mesma freqüência com teor adequado de K entre os bananais de alta e baixa produtividade. Fatores de ordem não nutricionais limitaram a produção das bananeiras da população de baixa produtividade.The objective of this work was to evaluate the nutritional status of the 'Prata Anã'(AAB banana cultivated in North of Minas Gerais state using, the method of the diagnosis integrated system and recommendation (DRIS. The nutritional evaluations were performed in 168 leaf samples collected in 58 areas cultivated with irrigated banana . The Cu and Mn were the nutrients that presented deficient in larger frequencies of banana plantations and the nutrients that presented excessive content in larger frequencies of banana plantations were Ca, Mg and Mn. The N and K content were deficient in 18% and 23% of the banana plantations, respectively. The frequency of banana plantations with adequate content of N was larger in the high yielding banana population. The same frequency was verified with adequate content of K among banana plantations of high and low yiel. Fators of non-nutritional limited the banana yield of the population of low productivity.

  19. Mathematical Model of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Disease

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sriningsih, R.; Subhan, M.; Nasution, M. L.

    2018-04-01

    The article formed the mathematical model of cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a type of herpes virus. This virus is actually not dangerous, but if the body's immune weakens the virus can cause serious problems for health and even can cause death. This virus is also susceptible to infect pregnant women. In addition, the baby may also be infected through the placenta. If this is experienced early in pregnancy, it will increase the risk of miscarriage. If the baby is born, it can cause disability in the baby. The model is formed by determining its variables and parameters based on assumptions. The goal is to analyze the dynamics of cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease spread.

  20. Humoral and cellular CMV responses in healthy donors; identification of a frequent population of CMV-specific, CD4+ T cells in seronegative donors

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Loeth, Nina; Assing, Kristian; Madsen, Hans O

    2012-01-01

    .e., T lymphocyte) assays. Here, we have analyzed the CMV status of 100 healthy blood bank donors using both serology and cellular assays. About half (56%) were found to be CMV seropositive, and they all mounted strong CD8+ and/or moderate CD4+ T cell responses ex vivo against the immunodominant CMV...... protein, pp65. Of the 44 seronegative donors, only five (11%) mounted ex vivo T cell responses; surprisingly, 33 (75%) mounted strong CD4+ T cell responses after a brief in vitro peptide stimulation culture. This may have significant implications for the analysis and selection of HCT donors.......CMV status is an important risk factor in immune compromised patients. In hematopoeitic cell transplantations (HCT), both donor and recipient are tested routinely for CMV status by serological assays; however, one might argue that it might also be of relevance to examine CMV status by cellular (i...

  1. Desenvolvimento in vitro de plântulas de diplóides de bananeira obtidas a partir de cultura de embriões

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    NEVES TÁRCIA DOS SANTOS

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o desenvolvimento in vitro de plântulas de progênies de oito genótipos de bananeira obtidos a partir de cultura de embriões. Os genótipos foram as espécies selvagens Calcutta e Malaccensis (Musa acuminata-AA, Butuhan e França (M. balbisiana-BB e os híbridos 0304-02, 1304-06, 4252-04 e 9379-09 (M. acuminata-AA. Os embriões foram extraídos de forma asséptica, sendo introduzidos em meio de cultura MS com 30 g L-1 agar, inicialmente em placas de Petri (40 dias e depois em tubos de ensaio (45 dias. Verificou-se efeito do genótipo no desenvolvimento in vitro dos embriões. As progênies dos genótipos selvagens do grupo BB, seguidos das progênies dos híbridos AA apresentaram maior desenvolvimento para as variáveis estudadas. O protocolo utilizado foi adequado para a cultura de embriões das progênies dos oito genótipos, devendo, no entanto, o período de desenvolvimento in vitro ser reduzido para 30 dias a fim de que o enraizamento não seja muito acentuado.

  2. Feasibility and acceptability of targeted screening for congenital CMV-related hearing loss.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Williams, Eleri J; Kadambari, Seilesh; Berrington, Janet E; Luck, Suzanne; Atkinson, Claire; Walter, Simone; Embleton, Nicholas D; James, Peter; Griffiths, Paul; Davis, Adrian; Sharland, Mike; Clark, Julia E

    2014-05-01

    Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) is the most common non-genetic cause of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in children. Ganciclovir has been shown to prevent the continued deterioration in hearing of children with symptomatic cCMV, but some children with cCMV-related SNHL are unidentified in the neonatal treatment period. Neonatal cCMV screening provides an opportunity to identify infants with cCMV-related SNHL who might benefit from early treatment. To assess the feasibility (ability to take samples before 3 weeks of age and clinical assessment by 30 days of age) and acceptability (maternal anxiety) of targeted CMV testing of infants who are 'referred' for further audiological testing after routine newborn hearing screening programme (NHSP). Parents of infants who have 'no clear responses' on routine NHSP before 22 days of life in London and North East England were approached. Salivary and urine samples were tested by CMV PCR. At recruitment and 3 months, the short form Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory measured maternal anxiety. 411 infants were recruited. 99% (407/411) returned a sample; 98% (404/411) successfully yielded a CMV result, 6 had cCMV, all diagnosed on salivary samples taken CMV within 3 weeks. All positive screening CMV results were known by day 23, and 5/6 infants with cCMV were assessed within 31 days. Anxiety was not increased in mothers of infants screened for cCMV. Targeted salivary screening for cCMV within the NHSP is feasible, acceptable and detects infants with cCMV-related SNHL who could benefit from early treatment.

  3. TENDÊNCIAS TECNOLÓGICAS PARA O PROCESSO DE PREPARAÇÃO DE COMPÓSITO À BASE DE SOLO-CIMENTO E FIBRA DE BANANEIRA PARA FABRICAÇÃO DE TIJOLOS E TECNOLOGIAS CORRELATAS ATRAVÉS DA PESQUISA EM DOCUMENTOS DE PATENTES

    OpenAIRE

    Carvalho dos Santos, Wagna Piler; IFBA; Suzart, Vivian Patricia; IFBA; Ferreira da Silva Júnior, Nelicio; IFBA

    2014-01-01

    A fibra extraída da bananeira (Musa Musácea) após a colheita dos cachos de bananas, que geralmente são descartadas, serve no preparo de um compósito à base de solo-cimento formado para a preparação de tijolo ecológico, com baixo custo e boa qualidade, podendo até mesmo ser utilizado por uma mão de obra não qualificada. O presente artigo tem como objetivo realizar um estudo de prospecção tecnológica relacionado à aplicação do compósito à base de solo-cimento de fibra de bananeira para a fab...

  4. Preface of the Special Issue: “Recent CMV Research”

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kayla Dufrene

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available This Viruses Special Issue on Recent Cytomegalovirus (CMV Research is dedicated to the patients who have suffered CMV infection and to their parents, families and caregivers. We are including as a Preface to this issue the insights of a young college student, Kayla Dufrene, who suffered congenital CMV infection and contacted me and Dr. Roberta DeBiasi, to interview us to learn more about CMV. As I was just returning to the DC area from the 4th Congenital CMV Conference in San Francisco, I was particularly receptive to her request. When we met Kayla, we were both impressed with her personal strength and ability to cope with her disabilities and needed medical treatments. Despite it all, Kayla has an exceptionally positive outlook on life, feeling even lucky. She has not only coped, but has transcended her difficulties. I am proud to say that she was on the Dean’s List (Figure 1 at Gallaudet University. Ultimately, her hope lies in our fields’ efforts to develop a vaccine to prevent CMV disease in other children.

  5. Produção da bananeira nanica (1º ciclo em função da aplicação de doses de biofertilizantes líquidos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juliara dos Santos Silva Araujo

    2014-05-01

    Full Text Available Objetivou-se com este trabalho, estudar os efeitos de 5 tipos e 10 doses de biofertilizantes na produção da bananeira Nanica (1º ciclo. O experimento foi conduzido, em condições de campo, no CCHA, pertencente a Universidade Estadual da Paraíba-UEPB, Campus Catolé do Rocha-PB. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o de blocos casualizados, com 50 tratamentos, no esquema fatorial 5 x 10, com quatro repetições, totalizando 200 parcelas experimentais. O valor do número de frutos por planta aumentou com o incremento da dose do biofertilizante B4 até um limite ótimo; o peso total de pencas por cacho aumentou linearmente com o incremento da dose de biofertilizante, atingindo o valor maior máximo na dose máxima; o peso médio de penca aumentou linearmente com o incremento da dose do biofertilizante B2, atingindo o maior valor na dose máxima; o peso médio do fruto e o peso do fruto médio aumentaram linearmente com o aumento da dose do biofertilizante B5, atingindo os maiores valores na dose máxima; a aplicação de (B5 proporcionou maior peso médio do fruto e peso do fruto médio.

  6. A bananeira como fonte alternativa de néctar para abelhas africanizadas durante a escassez de floradas nativas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ednir Oliveira Santiago

    2014-11-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o cultivo irrigado de bananeira (Musa paradisiaca como possível fonte substitutiva de alimento para as colônias de abelhas africanizadas (Apis mellifera em período de escassez de floradas nativas. Foram utilizadas 60 colônias homogêneas de A. mellifera, distribuídas em três tratamentos: T1– 10 colônias; T2– 20 colônias e T3– 30 colônias. Todos os tratamentos foram colocados dentro de uma área de produção de bananas, distantes entre si por 1.500 metros. Os parâmetros avaliados foram: área de cria no ninho, área de reserva de alimento no ninho e área de mel armazenado na melgueira, por um período de 140 dias. Não houve diferença (P>0,05 na área de cria no ninho entre os tratamentos, mas esta decresceu em todos eles ao longo do tempo. A área de reserva de alimento no ninho permaneceu constante para os três tratamentos, enquanto que na melgueira, ocorreu grande acúmulo inicial de mel e subseqüente decréscimo para T2 e T3. Ao final do período as colônias ainda permaneceram fortes e aptas a produzirem mel desde o início das próximas floradas.

  7. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) research in immune senescence comes of age: overview of the 6th International Workshop on CMV and Immunosenescence

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Nikolich-Žugich, Janko; van Lier, René A. W.

    2017-01-01

    Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is one of the most complex and most ubiquitous latent persistent viruses, with a considerable ability to evade and manipulate the immune system. Following an early-life infection, most immunocompetent humans spend several decades living with CMV, and, because the virus in these

  8. CMV retinitis in China and SE Asia: the way forward

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Heiden David

    2011-11-01

    Full Text Available Abstract AIDS-related CMV retinitis is a common clinical problem in patients with advanced HIV/AIDS in China and Southeast Asia. The disease is causing blindness, and current clinical management, commonly characterized by delayed diagnosis and inadequate treatment, results in poor clinical outcomes: 21% - 36% of eyes with CMV retinitis are already blind at the time the diagnosis is first established by an ophthalmologist. CMV retinitis also identifies a group of patients at extraordinary risk of mortality, and the direct or indirect contribution of extra-ocular CMV disease to AIDS-related morbidity and mortality is currently unmeasured and clinically often overlooked. The obvious way to improve clinical management of CMV retinitis is to screen all patients with CD4 counts

  9. Caracterização microclimática em cultivo consorciado café/banana Microclimatic characterization in coffee and banana intercrop

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José R. M. Pezzopane

    2007-06-01

    Full Text Available Medições de radiação solar global, velocidade do vento, temperatura e umidade relativa do ar, foram realizadas em cafeeiros (Coffea arabica L. cv. Icatu Vermelho IAC 4045, cultivados a pleno sol e consorciados com bananeira (MusaspAAB 'Prata Anã', em Mococa, SP (21º 28' S, 47º 01' W, altitude 665 m, entre outubro de 2001 e setembro de 2002. Os elementos foram monitorados em um ponto do cultivo a pleno sol e em dois pontos do cultivo consorciado, sendo um próximo à planta de banana e outro situado em uma condição central, entre as plantas de banana. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que o cultivo consorciado de café promoveu atenuação dos valores médios da radiação solar global, tendo sido mais evidente no ponto amostral situado próximo às bananeiras. Verificou-se, ainda, uma redução média de 48% na velocidade do vento no cultivo consorciado, influenciada pela época do ano, além do desbaste das bananeiras. Com relação à temperatura e umidade do ar, foram encontradas diferenças apenas na temperatura máxima no ponto central da parcela do cultivo consorciado que, por sua vez, apresentou médias superiores em relação ao cultivo a pleno sol no verão e outono e em relação ao ponto situado próximo às bananeiras na primavera, verão e outono; essas diferenças foram mais significativas em dias com condição ensolarada e de pouca ocorrência de vento.Microclimatic measurements (solar radiation, wind speed, air temperature and relative humidity were taken on a daily and hourly basis, from October, 2001 to September, 2002 in a coffee crop (Coffea arabica L. cv. Icatu Verrmelho IAC 4045, grown in two different conditions: shaded by banana (Musa sp AAB 'Prata Anã' and unshaded. The experiment was carried out at Mococa, São Paulo State, Brazil (21º 28' S, 47º 01' W, altitude 665 m. The microclimatic measurements were taken in one position of the unshaded coffee crop and in two different positions of the shaded coffee crop

  10. Successful treatment of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonitis with a ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a double-stranded DNA virus, the largest in the Herpesvirus family. CMV disease in adults usually arises from reactivation of latent infection acquired in childhood, individuals with impaired cell mediated immunity are at risk: organ transplant recipients, individuals on chemotherapy or other ...

  11. Crescimento e teores de clorofila em mudas de bananeira em função da supressão do pseudocaule, de doses de nitrogênio e de boro Growth and chlorophyll content of banana suckers in function of pseudostem suppression and doses of nitrogen and boron

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Walter Esfrain Pereira

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste experimento foi avaliar a influência da eliminação da gema apical do rizoma e de doses de nitrogênio e boro, sobre a produção e o crescimento de mudas de bananeira. O experimento foi realizado no Centro de Formação de Tecnólogos da UFPB. O delineamento foi em blocos casualizados, com quatro blocos e nove plantas matrizes por parcela, sendo duas plantas úteis. Os fatores avaliados foram doses de N (0 a 240 g/planta e de B (0 a 2,2 g/planta combinados com a matriz experimental Composto Central de Box, originando nove combinações, arranjados fatorialmente com e sem eliminação da gema apical da planta matriz. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e de regressão. A supressão do pseudocaule da planta principal, com a eliminação da gema apical do rizoma aumentou o número de perfilhos, com maior crescimento, exceto do diâmetro do rizoma, o qual diminuiu. Os teores foliares de clorofila total e de B também foram diminuídos, nos perfilhos das bananeiras amputadas. Para a produção de mudas da bananeira ‘Pacovan’, recomenda-se a supressão do pseudocaule da planta principal, com eliminação da gema apical do rizoma e aplicação do N.The objective of this research was to evaluate the influence of the removal in the pseudostem with elimination of the meristem apical of the rhizome and doses of nitrogen and boron, about the production and growth of banana suckers. The experiment was carried out at Centro de Formação de Tecnólogos - UFPB, State of Paraíba. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with four replications and nine mother plants for experimental unit, being two useful plants. The evaluated valued factors were doses of N (0 to 240 g plant-1 and of B (0 to 240 g plant-1 combined in agreement with the experimental matrix ‘Central Composite’, originating nine combinations, which were arranged factorially with suppression and without suppression of the pseudostem of the mother

  12. Estimativa das necessidades nutricionais de bananeiras do subgrupo Cavendish cultivadas no Estado de São Paulo Estimate nutrition needs of Cavendish banana trees subgrup grown in the State of São Paulo, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luiz Antonio Junqueira Teixeira

    2008-06-01

    Full Text Available A acumulação na planta e a exportação de nutrientes pela colheita dos cachos são alguns dos fatores que determinam a necessidade de adubação para a cultura da bananeira. Visando a estimar as quantidades de nutrientes acumulados e exportados por bananeiras do subgrupo Cavendish, nas condições de cultivo do Estado de São Paulo, foram considerados 293 registros de um banco de dados contendo teores de N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn em frutos e em engaços e massa dos cachos das cultivares Grande Naine e Nanicão. Esses registros provieram de experimentos de adubação realizados no Planalto Paulista e no Vale do Ribeira, em áreas irrigadas e de sequeiro, durante sete ciclos de cultivo, variando fontes, doses e formas de aplicação de fertilizantes. Para produzir 40 t ha-1, em média, o nutriente exportado pelos cachos em maior quantidade foi o K (182 kg ha-¹ seguido pelo N (68 kg ha-¹, Mg (10 kg ha-¹, P (8 kg ha-¹, Ca (6 kg ha-¹, S (3 kg ha-¹, Mn (191 g ha-¹, Fe (147 g ha-¹, B (89 g ha-¹, Zn (68 g ha-¹ e Cu (25 g ha-¹. A recomendação de adubação para bananeira para o Estado de São Paulo, aparentemente, subestima a necessidade de K na implantação da cultura e preconiza doses de N muito superiores à exportação de N pelos cachos. Para P, a recomendação está coerente com as necessidades estimadas para a cultura.Fertilizer recommendations for banana take into consideration the accumulation of nutrients in plants and the amount removed in the bunches, among other factors. Nutrient contents accumulated in plants and removed by bunches of Cavendish bananas in the State of São Paulo (Brazil were assessed from a data bank of nutrient concentrations (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn in bunches (fruits+peduncle and bunch weight with 293 samples. Data bank comprises information from plants of Grand Naine and Giant Cavendish cultivars growing in irrigated and non-irrigated areas, with different sources and

  13. Allergenicity assessment of genetically modified cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) resistant tomato (Solanum lycopersicon).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lin, Chih-Hui; Sheu, Fuu; Lin, Hsin-Tang; Pan, Tzu-Ming

    2010-02-24

    Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) has been identified as the causal agent of several disease epidemics in most countries of the world. Insect-mediated virus diseases, such as those caused by CMV, caused remarkable loss of tomato (Solanum lycopersicon) production in Taiwan. With expression of the CMV coat protein gene (Cmvcp) in a local popular tomato cultivar L4783, transgenic tomato line R8 has showed consistent CMV resistance through T(0) to T(8). In this report, the allergenicity of the CMV coat protein (CMV cp) expressed in transgenic tomato R8 was assessed by investigation of the expression of the transgene source of protein, sequence similarity with known allergens, and resistance to pepsin hydrolysis. There is no known account for either the CMV or its coat protein being an allergen. The result of a bioinformatic search also showed no significant homology between CMV cp and any known allergen. The pepsin-susceptible property of recombinant CMV cp was revealed by a simulated gastric fluid (SGF) assay. Following the most recent FAO/WHO decision tree, all results have indicated that CMV cp was a protein with low possibility to be an allergen and the transgenic tomato R8 should be considered as safe as its host.

  14. Adição de torta de mamona em substratos na aclimatação de mudas micropropagadas de bananeira Effect of addition of castor bean pie in substrates in acclimatization of micropropagated banana plantlets

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Adriana Novais Martins

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available A utilização de mudas micropropagadas de bananeira que oferecem qualidade genética e fitossanitária, favorecendo o desenvolvimento, instalação e uniformidade do pomar, é importante para a exploração comercial da bananicultura. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência da adição da torta de mamona nos substratos na aclimatação de mudas micropropagadas de bananeira da cv. Willians. O delineamento estatístico utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com 10 tratamentos, sendo 2 substratos e 5 dosagens de torta de mamona (0; 6; 12; 18 e 24 g vaso-1. O substrato Vivatto Slim Plus® possibilitou o melhor desenvolvimento das plantas na aclimatação. Não são recomendadas doses superiores a 12 g planta-1 de torta de mamona misturadas ao substrato na aclimatação de mudas de bananeira.The use of micropropagated banana tree seedlings offer genetic and phytosanitary qualities, favoring the development, installation and uniformity of the yield and it is very important for the commercial exploration of banana fruits. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of castor oil plant pie added to the substrate in the acclimatization of micropropagated banana plantlets cv. 'Willians'. It was use the completely randomized, with 10 treatments, being 2 substrates and 5 dosages of castor oil plant pie (0; 6; 12; 18 and 24 g for each recipient. The substrate Vivatto Slim Plus® showed the best development of the plants in acclimatization processes. Dosages above 12 g of castor oil plant pie for each plant are not recommended mixed to the substrate in the acclimatization of banana tree seedlings

  15. Estabelecimento de normas dris para bananeira 'Prata Anã' (AAB sob irrigação Establishment of the dris norms for 'Prata Anã' banana (AAB under irrigation

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Tadeu Alves da Silva

    2006-02-01

    Full Text Available Objetivou-se com este trabalho estabelecer as normas DRIS (Sistema Integrado de Diagnose e Recomendação para a bananeira 'Prata Anã' (AAB cultivada no semi-árido do Norte de Minas Gerais, sob irrigação. Foram selecionadas 58 áreas exploradas comercialmente com essa variedade. Em cada área foram coletadas amostras de folhas em três ciclos sucessivos de produção da bananeira na fase inicial de emissão do cacho, com exceção de seis áreas, nessas as coletas foram realizadas apenas em dois ciclos sucessivos, totalizando 168 amostras de folhas, as quais foram analisadas para determinação dos nutrientes (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn. Os cachos de banana, das plantas marcadas com tinta por ocasião da coleta de folhas, foram colhidos, despencados e pesados. As áreas foram divididas em populações de alta produtividade (PAP ( > 30 t ha-1 ano-1 e de baixa produtividade (PBP (The objective of this work was to establish the DRIS (diagnosis and recommendations integrated system norms for the 'Prata Anã' banana (AAB cultivated in the semi-arid of the North of Minas Gerais state under irrigation. A total of 58 areas commercially cultivated with 'Prata Anã' banana were selected. In each area, leaves samples were collected in three successive cycles of banana production in the initial phase of emission of the bunch, except for six areas, in which the collections were performed only in two successive cycles, totaling 168 leaves samples, which were analyzed for determination of the nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn. Banana's bunches of the plants marked with paint were harvested and weighted. The areas were divided in high-yielding population (HYP (>30 t ha-1 year-1 and in low-yielding population (LYP (< 30 t ha-1year-1. The results of the leaves analyses and yield of each area formed a database. The average, the variance and the variation coefficient for the relationship two to two among nutrients tenors were

  16. Congenital CMV with LAD type 1 and NK cell deficiency.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rai, Narendra; Thakur, Neha

    2013-08-01

    We report a rare case of congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) in a patient who was subsequently diagnosed as leukocyte adhesion defect type 1 with natural killer cell deficiency. The clinical course was complicated by severe CMV pneumonitis during the newborn period. Thereafter the infant suffered from recurrent skin infections without pus formation, otitis media, and bronchopneumonia since 3 months of age. The patient had congenital CMV infection as urine and blood plasma was positive for CMV from day 12 onward. Neutrophil chemotaxis studies showed a decrease in directed chemotaxis. Neutrophils were dyspoetic and nonfunctional lacking HLA DR, CD11c, and CD18. Lymphocytes were polyclonal but lacked CD56, CD16, and surface membrane immunoglobulin.

  17. Performance Evaluation of the Real-Q Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Quantification Kit Using Two Real-Time PCR Systems for Quantifying CMV DNA in Whole Blood.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Park, Jong Eun; Kim, Ji Youn; Yun, Sun Ae; Lee, Myoung Keun; Huh, Hee Jae; Kim, Jong Won; Ki, Chang Seok

    2016-11-01

    Standardized cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA quantification is important for managing CMV disease. We evaluated the performance of the Real-Q CMV Quantification Kit (Real-Q assay; BioSewoom, Korea) using whole blood (WB), with nucleic acid extraction using MagNA Pure 96 (Roche Diagnostics, Germany). Real-time PCR was performed on two platforms: the 7500 Fast real-time PCR (7500 Fast; Applied Biosystems, USA) and CFX96 real-time PCR detection (CFX96; Bio-Rad, USA) systems. The WHO international standard, diluted with CMV-negative WB, was used to validate the analytical performance. We used 90 WB clinical samples for comparison with the artus CMV RG PCR kit (artus assay; Qiagen, Germany). Limits of detections (LODs) in 7500 Fast and CFX96 were 367 and 479 IU/mL, respectively. The assay was linear from the LOD to 10⁶ IU/mL (R² ≥0.9886). The conversion factors from copies to IU in 7500 Fast and CFX96 were 0.95 and 1.06, respectively. Compared with the artus assay, for values 1,000 copies/mL, 73.3% and 80.6% of samples in 7500 Fast and CFX96, respectively, had real-time PCR platforms.

  18. Acibenzolar-S-Metil e silício como indutores de resistência à Sigatoka-negra em bananeira cultivar Grand Naine (AAA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cleilson do Nascimento Uchôa

    2014-03-01

    Full Text Available Uma alternativa ao uso de defensivos agrícolas no controle da Sigatoka-negra, causada pelo agente etiológico Mycosphaerella fijiensis, é a utilização da indução de resistência, que ativa os mecanismos latentes de resistência da planta com o uso de agentes bióticos ou abióticos, como por exemplo, o Acibenzolar-S-Metil (ASM e produtos a base de silício. Objetivou-se com este trabalho estudar a indução de resistência à Sigatoka-negra por ASM e Silicato de potássio. Folhas da bananeira Grand Naine (AAA foram pulverizadas com os tratamentos: T1 - Silicato de potássio a 0,5 %; T2 - 0,2 g.L-1 de ASM + Silicato de potássio a 0,5 %; T3 - 0,5 g.L-1 de ASM + Silicato de potássio a 0,5 %; T4 - 0,2 g.L-1 de ASM; T5 - 0,5 g.L-1 de ASM; T6 - 1g.L-1 de ASM; T7 - 1g.L-1 de ASM + Silicato de potássio a 0,5 %; T8 - Testemunha com inoculação e T9 - Testemunha sem inoculação com aplicação de água destilada esterilizada. Após sete dias as plantas foram inoculadas e mantidas em câmara de crescimento. Os tratamentos T1, T5, T6 e T7 não diferiram significativamente da testemunha inoculada. Os tratamentos T2, T3 e T4 reduziram a severidade da Sigatoka-negra, apresentando os respectivos valores 7,75, 8,75 e 12,75 para área abaixo da curva do progresso da doença e foram capazes de induzir a síntese conjunta de lignina e de fenóis.

  19. Congenital CMV infection: prevalence in newborns and the impact on hearing deficit.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Engman, Mona-Lisa; Malm, Gunilla; Engstrom, Lotta; Petersson, Karin; Karltorp, Eva; Tear Fahnehjelm, Kristina; Uhlen, Inger; Guthenberg, Claes; Lewensohn-Fuchs, Ilona

    2008-01-01

    Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is asymptomatic in 90% of infected newborns but approximately 10-20% of these infants are at risk of developing sequelae later, mostly hearing deficit. The aims of the study were to investigate the prevalence of congenital CMV infection in a Swedish population of newborns and investigate the relative risk of hearing deficit in newborns with congenital CMV infection. The dried blood spot (DBS) samples of 6060 newborns in southern Stockholm during 12 months (October 2003-June 2004; August 2004-October 2004) were analysed for CMV DNA by TaqMan based real-time PCR. Hearing deficit was assessed by otoacoustic emission (OAE) within a newborn screening programme. 12 infants out of 6060 or 0.2% (95% CI 0.1-0.3%) had congenital CMV infection. One boy among the 12 infected infants had unilateral hearing loss, indicating that the risk of hearing loss is greatly increased (about 20 times) in CMV infected infants. No child developed ocular complications such as chorioretinopathy during 3 y of follow-up. Congenital CMV has an impact on child health but can easily be overlooked due to lack of signs in the neonatal period. Surveillance for congenital CMV is important in addition to programmes for prevention and treatment.

  20. Perfil clínico da Enterocolite por Citomegalovírus (CMV na síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida (Aids Clinical profile of Cytomegalovirus Colitis in AIDS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    D.B. de Lima

    2000-03-01

    Full Text Available Múltiplos agentes estão envolvidos na etiopatogenia da diarréia em Aids. O exame de fezes e a colonoscopia são elementos decisivos para o diagnóstico específico. A enterocolite por CMV pode cursar com febre, emagrecimento, diarréia intermitente e hematoquesia. Outros agentes causadores de diarréia podem ter o mesmo espectro de apresentação. OBJETIVO: Definir o perfil clínico da enterocolite por CMV em pacientes com Aids, comparando os parâmetros clínicos, endoscópicos e de tempo de sobrevida entre dois grupos com diarréia crônica, grupo A com CMV e grupo B sem CMV. MÉTODOS: Foram acompanhados 48 pacientes com Aids e diarréia de duração maior que 30 dias, sendo 27 do grupo A e 21 do grupo B. Os parâmetros analisados foram idade, situação de risco, duração da diarréia, hematoquesia, intervalo de tempo entre diagnóstico da infecção por HIV e início de diarréia, achados endoscópicos e sobrevida. Foram realizados exames parasitológicos, culturas e colonoscopia com biópsias. Foi utilizado o teste "t-student" para amostras não pareadas e o teste Qui-Quadrado com correção de Yates para variáveis não paramétricas. Foram construídas curvas de sobrevida pelo método descrito por Kaplan-Meier e aplicado o teste de Mantel - Haenszel. Foi assumido como nível de significância estatística o valor de P menor que 0.05. RESULTADOS: O padrão endoscópico da infecção por CMV correspondeu a ulcerações associadas a hemorragia de submucosa 14 (51.8% P P > 0.001. Os outros parâmetros estudados não mostraram significância estatística. CONCLUSÕES: A presença de enterocolite por CMV em Aids é marcador de mau prognóstico e menor sobrevida. Existe um padrão endoscópico sugestivo da infecção por CMV.OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinical profile of CMV colitis in AIDS patients, comparing clinical, endoscopic parameters and survival time between 2 groups of AIDS patients having chronic diarrhea. Group A being CMV

  1. Spectral Approximation for Ergodic CMV Operators with an Application to Quantum Walks

    OpenAIRE

    Fillman, Jake; Ong, Darren C.; Vandenboom, Tom

    2017-01-01

    We establish concrete criteria for fully supported absolutely continuous spectrum for ergodic CMV matrices and purely absolutely continuous spectrum for limit-periodic CMV matrices. We proceed by proving several variational estimates on the measure of the spectrum and the vanishing set of the Lyapunov exponent for CMV matrices, which represent CMV analogues of results obtained for Schr\\"odinger operators due to Y.\\ Last in the early 1990s. Having done so, we combine those estimates with resul...

  2. Neuroimaging in CMV congenital infected neonates: how and when.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lanari, M; Capretti, M G; Lazzarotto, T; Gabrielli, L; Rizzollo, S; Mostert, M; Manzoni, P

    2012-05-01

    Neonatal congenital infections are an important cause of mortality, morbidity and long-term neurodevelopmental and sensorineural sequelae. Many pathogens can cause in utero infection, and among them, cytomegalovirus (CMV) plays a prominent role. In developed countries, CMV poses major health problems as it is the most common pathogen leading to congenital infection, and the leading cause of nonhereditary deafness in children. Evaluation of central nervous system (CNS) involvement in congenital CMV infected newborns is mandatory to better assess the severity of the disease, to guide adequate treatment, to define prognosis, and to tailor follow-up observations and parents' counselling. Cerebral ultrasonography (cUS), Computed Tomography (CT), and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) are the currently available techniques to evaluate infants with suspected or proven congenital CMV infection. In congenital CMV infection, their role in early detection and confirmation of cerebral involvement within the first month of life is crucial to initiate specific treatment with antivirals. Neonatologists, paediatricians and radiologists should be aware of the role, the limitations and the inherent risks related to the use of these specific neuroimaging diagnostic tools in these infants. In this article we will discuss from a neonatological perspective the advantages, disadvantages, risks and limitations of each imaging technique. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

  3. Efeito do estresse salino em genótipos tetraplóides de bananeira Effect of salt stress on banana tetraploid genotypes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lilia Willadino

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available O presente trabalho avaliou 12 genótipos de bananeira no que se refere à tolerância à salinidade em fase inicial de crescimento, período do ciclo fenológico de maior sensibilidade. As plantas foram cultivadas, durante 21 dias, e submetidas a um tratamento com 100 mM de NaCl e a um controle, sem NaCl. Avaliaram-se atributos biométricos e teores de elementos minerais no tecido vegetal. Seis genótipos (Calipso, FHIA-02, PA 42-44, Bucaneiro, FHIA-03 e PV 42-142 dos doze estudados, apresentaram sintomas de toxidez causados pelo tratamento salino. O genótipo PA 42-44 se destacou como mais sensível, com os maiores teores de Na+, tanto no limbo foliar quanto nas raízes e rizoma, associados a uma redução da massa seca, da ordem de 18,5%. Os elevados teores de sódio detectados no genótipo PA 42-44 sugerem uma eficiência menor na extrusão do cátion paralelamente à ausência de habilidade em evitar sua translocação para o limbo foliar. Por outro lado, o genótipo Preciosa apresentou os menores teores de Na+ e a menor redução da produção de biomassa seca (0,2%, além de baixa relação Na+/K+.This study evaluated 12 banana genotypes with respect to salt tolerance during initial growth, the most sensitive stage of the phenological cycle. Plants were grown for 21 days under 100 mM NaCl or under a control treatment without NaCl. Biometrical parameters and mineral contents in plant tissue were evaluated. Six genotypes (Calipso, FHIA-02, PA 42-44, Bucaneiro, FHIA-03 and PV 42-142 out of 12 considered in this study showed toxicity symptoms induced by saline treatment. The PA 42-44 genotype was pointed out as the most sensitive one because it showed the highest Na+ contents in both leaf blade and roots and rizome, besides a 18.5% reduction of dry matter production. The high Na+ contents found for PA 42-44 tissues suggest a low efficacy to extrude and to prevent the Na+ translocation to leaf blade. On the other hand, the Preciosa genotype

  4. Crescimento e produção de genótipos de bananeiras em clima subtropical Growth and production of banana genotypes in subtropical climate

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    Manoel Euzébio de Souza

    2011-04-01

    Full Text Available O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as características de crescimento e o potencial produtivo de genótipos de bananeira em Botucatu/SP. Foram avaliadas características de crescimento, tais como altura de planta, circunferência do pseudocaule, número de folhas e número de dias entre o florescimento e a colheita. Estas medidas foram realizadas na emissão da inflorescência. Foram mensuradas também as características de produção, como peso do cacho, número de frutos, peso médio dos frutos, produtividade, número de pencas; peso, número, comprimento e diâmetro dos frutos da 2a penca. O delineamento adotado foi o inteiramente casualisado, com 11 tratamentos (genótipos, cinco repetições e duas plantas úteis por parcela experimental. Os genótipos que apresentaram melhor desempenho agronômico, dentro de cada grupo genômico, foram 'Grand Naine'(AAA, 'Thap Maeo' (AAB e 'Fhia 01' (AAAB.The objective of this research was to evaluate the growth characteristics and the productive potential genotypes of banana tree in Botucatu/SP. It was evaluated growth characteristics such as plant height, pseudostem circumference, number of leaves, number of days between flowering and harvest, measured at the flowering time. It was also measured production characteristics, such as bunch weight, number fruits, average weight of the fruits, productivity, number of hands and weight, number, length and diameter of the 2nd bunch. The experimental design was completely randomized with 11 treatments (genotypes, five replications and two plants per plot. The genotypes that showed the better agronomic performance within each genomic group were 'Grand Naine'(AAA, 'Thap Maeo' (AAB e 'Fhia 01' (AAAB.

  5. Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection as a cause of permanent bilateral hearing loss: a quantitative assessment.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Grosse, Scott D; Ross, Danielle S; Dollard, Sheila C

    2008-02-01

    Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a cause of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in children, but the magnitude of its contribution is uncertain. Quantifying the impact of congenital CMV infection requires an evidence-based assessment using a standard case definition of hearing loss. To determine the frequency of bilateral moderate to profound SNHL in children with congenital CMV infection and to estimate the CMV-attributable fraction of bilateral moderate to profound SNHL. A systematic review of studies of children with congenital CMV infection ascertained in an unbiased manner through universal newborn screening for CMV using viral culture in urine or saliva specimens in combination with a review of the literature on congenital CMV infection and hearing loss, including articles of all types. Approximately, 14% of children with congenital CMV infection develop SNHL of some type, and 3-5% develop bilateral moderate to profound SNHL. Among all children with bilateral moderate to profound SNHL, we estimate that 15-20% of cases are attributable to congenital CMV infection. Congenital CMV infection is one of the most important causes of hearing loss in young children, second only to genetic mutations, and is potentially preventable.

  6. Congenital CMV Infection, An imaging perspective: A case report.

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    Dr. Nikunj Patel

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available Brain imaging is most important tool for the accurate diagnosis of various congenital CNS infections. Infections of the foetal nervous system results in spectrum of findings that depends upon the inciting agent and the timing of infection. As a general rule earlier the infection, more severe are the findings. Congenital CMV infection can be diagnosed with accuracy with its specific features identified on brain imaging. We present a case of congenital CMV infection in an 8-months-old boy, its clinical presentation, imaging findings and laboratory reports. Specific literature review is included in order to point out major goals achieved in the diagnosis and prognosis of congenital CMV infection.

  7. CRESCIMENTO E OXIDAÇÃO DE EXPLANTES DE BANANEIRA-PRATA (Musa AAB IN VITRO: I. CONCENTRAÇÕES DE SAIS DE FERRO, COBRE E ZINCO

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    UTINO SERGIO

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available Este experimento teve como objetivo avaliar a influência de diferentes concentrações de ferro, cobre e zinco do meio MS (MURASHIGE & SKOOG, 1962 no controle da oxidação de explantes iniciais de bananeira-Prata (Musa AAB. Foram utilizadas três concentrações (100, 50 e 0 miM de FeEDTA, duas concentrações (0,1 e 0miM de (CuSO4.5H2O e duas concentrações (30 e 0miM de (ZnSO4.7H2O, num delineamento inteiramente casualizado, arranjado em um fatorial completo 3 x 2 x 2, utilizando-se de 15 repetições. Ápices caulinares foram inoculados em meio MS modificado e, decorridos 28 dias após a inoculação, avaliaram-se a massa de matéria fresca, altura e grau de oxidação. Observou-se que esses micronutrientes são essenciais para o crescimento dos explantes e que a concentração de ferro influencia na oxidação de explantes, sendo que maiores graus de escurecimento foram observados nas concentrações mais elevadas. A redução ou retirada destes elementos do meio MS, isoladamente ou em combinações, não foi suficiente para eliminar a oxidação dos explantes.

  8. Distribuição da biomassa e minerais em "família" de bananeira 'prata-anã' adubada com zinco via broto desbastado Biomass distribution and minerals in "family" of banana 'prata-anã' fertilized with zinc through thinned sprout

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Geralda Vilela Rodrigues

    2010-06-01

    Full Text Available O Norte de Minas Gerais cultiva basicamente bananeira 'Prata-Anã', cultivar especialmente exigente em zinco. A possibilidade de fornecimento de Zn, sem que esse entre em contato com o solo, é importante para a região, uma vez que vários fatores levam à baixa disponibilidade do elemento fornecido via solo, como: elevado teor de matéria orgânica na camada superficial (resultante de resíduos culturais; manutenção de elevado pH do solo - acima de 6,00 - como estratégia contrária à proliferação do agente causal do mal- do-panamá; adubações frequentes com potássio e magnésio, que além de basificar o meio, diminuem a participação do Zn no equilíbrio cátion-ânion do solo, dificultando a absorção deste micronutriente pela planta. Para determinar a distribuição de biomassa e minerais na bananeira Prata-Anã, cultivada sob irrigação no norte de Minas Gerais, quando o zinco é fornecido via broto desbastado, foi conduzido um experimento no Perímetro Irrigado de Jaíba. As plantas foram adubadas com 0,00; 1,66 e 3,33 g.família-1 de Zn (0; 25 e 50 g.família-1.ano-1 de sulfato de Zn, via muda desbastada. Um mês após as adubações de outubro de 2007 e junho de 2008, avaliaram-se a produção de massa fresca (MF e massa seca (MS, os teores e conteúdos de minerais em todos os órgãos de uma ''família'' de bananeira composta por planta-mãe com cacho + planta-filha alta + planta-neta. As doses de Zn não influíram na produção de MF e MS das plantas na primeira avaliação, enquanto na segunda avaliação observou-se efeito positivo do tratamento apenas para MF acumulada nas folhas inferiores, nas porções do terço médio e inferior do pseudocaule, e no rizoma da planta-mãe. Tanto o teor quanto o acúmulo de nutrientes nas plantas-mãe apresentaram a seguinte ordem decrescente: K > N > Ca > Mg > P > S > Fe > Zn > B > Cu. Os teores de Zn foram afetados pela dose desse micronutriente na maioria das situações estudadas

  9. CARACTERIZAÇÃO PÓS-COLHEITA E SENSORIAL DE GENÓTIPOS DE BANANEIRAS TIPO PRATA

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    ARIANE CASTRICINI

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available RESUMO O norte de Minas Gerais é grande produtor de banana ‘Prata-Anã’ irrigada, cultura altamente suscetível ao Mal-do-Panamá. O uso de genótipos resistentes é uma alternativa, mas os frutos devem apresentar características pós-colheita o mais próximo possível da ‘Prata-Anã’, para melhor aceitação pelos consumidores. O objetivo do trabalho foi caracterizar frutos em pós-colheita, identificar a preferência e a intenção de compra de diferentes genótipos de bananeira tipo Prata. Os genótipos Prata-Anã, BRS Platina e Fhia-18. foram caracterizados no ponto de colheita (verdes e maduros (estádio seis de maturação, por avaliações químicas, físicas e sensoriais. Quando verde, ‘BRS Platina’ apresentou maior massa fresca e tamanho que ‘Fhia-18’ e ‘Prata-Anã’. ‘Fhia-18.’ teve a tonalidade verde da casca mais intensa que a dos demais genótipos. Madura, ‘BRS Platina’ foi mais firme, mas com a mesma resistência ao despencamento que ‘Fhia-18’ e superior à ‘Prata-Anã’. ‘Fhia-18’ apresentou cor da casca com amarelo mais clara e tão brilhante quanto da ‘Prata-Anã’, mas ‘BRS Platina’ teve a tonalidade de amarelo mais intensa. Bananas ‘Fhia-18’ foram mais ácidas, ‘BRS Platina’, com menor acidez titulável, e ‘Prata-Anã’, o maior teor de sólidos solúveis. Os genótipos Prata-Anã e BRS Platina tiveram maior preferência e intenção de compra pelos consumidores, sendo as bananas ‘Prata-Anã’ em dedos e ‘BRS Platina’ e ‘Fhia-18’ em dedos, buquê e penca, as mais preferidas. Entretanto, a maioria compraria bananas ‘Prata-Anã’ em buquê e ‘BRS Platina’ e ‘Fhia-18’ em penca. Enquanto verdes, os genótipos foram semelhantes à ‘Prata-Anã’, e maiores diferenças químicas e físicas ocorreram quando maduros.

  10. Colonização micorrízica e concentração de nutrientes em três cultivares de bananeiras em um latossolo amarelo da Amazônia central Arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization and nutrient concentration of three cultivars of banana on a central Amazonian oxisol

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Arlem Nascimento de Oliveira

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available A adaptação das plantas à baixa fertilidade dos solos amazônicos é uma alternativa de baixo insumo que satisfaz à maioria dos produtores regionais. Essa adaptação pode estar relacionada às micorrizas arbusculares, que podem aumentar a capacidade das plantas em absorverem os nutrientes do solo. O estudo foi conduzido num plantio de bananeiras sobre um Latossolo amarelo na Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias (Fundação Universidade do Amazonas, objetivando verificar a colonização de fungos micorrízicos e teores de nutrientes foliares das cultivares de bananeira Maçã, Pacovan e Prata, durante três meses de avaliações (Dezembro/98, Janeiro e Fevereiro/99. Coletou-se amostras de raízes para avaliar as taxas de colonização e amostras foliares para verificar os teores de macro e micronutrientes. As médias da colonização radicular por fungos micorrízicos foram de 60,7% na cultivar Maçã, 55,2% na Pacovan e 53,6% na Prata. Na amostragem feita em dezembro de 1998, a cultivar Maçã apresentou menor colonização micorrízica (48,3% das raízes, do que a Pacovan (73,6% e Prata (67,8%. No mês de janeiro de 1999 essa situação se inverteu: a Maçã apresentou a maior colonização micorrízica (75,3% quando comparada com a da Pacovan (47,8% e Prata (40,3%. As cultivares não apresentaram diferenças entre si quanto às concentrações de P e Fe, mas houve uma variação significativa entre elas quanto aos teores de Ca, Mg, K, Zn, Cu e Mn. A colonização radicular por fungos micorrízicos correlacionou-se positivamente com os teores de Ca, K e Zn na cultivar Maçã e, Cu na cultivar Prata. Estas correlações positivas permitem inferir que a associação micorrízica foi importante no estímulo às absorções de Ca, K e Zn pela cultivar Maçã e Cu pela Prata nas bananeiras de cinco anos na fase de produção comercial.Plant adaptation to low fertility of Amazonian soils is a low input alternative which satisfies most of the

  11. Resolution of Mild Ganciclovir-Resistant Cytomegalovirus Disease with Reduced-Dose Cidofovir and CMV-Hyperimmune Globulin.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Patel, Samir J; Kuten, Samantha A; Knight, Richard J; Hong, Dana M; Gaber, A Osama

    2014-01-01

    Ganciclovir-resistant cytomegalovirus (CMV) is associated with significant morbidity in solid organ transplant recipients. Management of ganciclovir-resistant CMV may be complicated by nephrotoxicity which is commonly observed with recommended therapies and/or rejection induced by "indirect" viral effects or reduction of immunosuppression. Herein, we report a series of four high serologic risk (donor CMV positive/recipient CMV negative) kidney transplant patients diagnosed with ganciclovir-resistant CMV disease. All patients initially developed "breakthrough" viremia while still receiving valganciclovir prophylaxis after transplant and were later confirmed to exhibit UL97 mutations after failing to eradicate virus on adequate dosages of valganciclovir. The patients were subsequently and successfully treated with reduced-dose (1-2 mg/kg) cidofovir and CMV-hyperimmune globulin, given in 2-week intervals. In addition, all patients exhibited stable renal function after completion of therapy, and none experienced acute rejection. The combination of reduced-dose cidofovir and CMV-hyperimmune globulin appeared to be a safe and effective regimen in patients with mild disease due to ganciclovir-resistant CMV.

  12. Knowledge of congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) among physical and occupational therapists in the United States.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Muldoon, Kathleen M; Armstrong-Heimsoth, Amy; Thomas, Jodi

    2017-01-01

    Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infections cause more children to have permanent disabilities than Down Syndrome, Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, Spina Bifida, and pediatric HIV/AIDS combined. The risk of infection during pregnancy can be significantly decreased using universal precautions, such as thorough handwashing and cleansing of surfaces and objects that have come into contact with infected body fluids. Children under 3 years of age are commonly asymptomatic excretors of CMV, with the highest viral loads present in saliva. Pediatric therapists have regular close contact with young children, and are thus likely at elevated occupational risk of acquiring CMV. Our objective was to evaluate therapist knowledge of cCMV and its transmission. We recruited American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA) and American Physical Therapy Association (APTA) members via electronic newsletters and printed flyers from April to September 2015. Participants completed an online, anonymous 24-question survey using Survey Monkey. We compared responses between groups and previously published CMV awareness data using binomial tests of difference of proportions and multiple logistic regression. Our study identified both a low level of therapist awareness and poor demonstrated understanding of cCMV. Self-reported cCMV awareness amongst therapists was greater than awareness in the general population, and equivalent to awareness amongst health care professionals. Whereas 52% of participants self-reported awareness of cCMV, only 18% demonstrated understanding of the behavioral modes of CMV transmission. Fewer therapists reported awareness of cCMV than other, less prevalent conditions. Higher levels of health risk knowledge were associated with greater contact with children. Most participants reported learning about cCMV from the workplace. The knowledge gaps between self-reported awareness of cCMV and demonstrated understanding of modes of transmission described by our results emphasize the

  13. CARACTERIZAÇÃO FÍSICO-QUÍMICA E AVALIAÇÃO SENSORIAL DOS FRUTOS DE BANANEIRA

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    Manoel Euzebio Souza

    2013-11-01

    Full Text Available O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as características físico-químicas, bem como a aceitação sensorial de frutos de genótipos de bananeira em Botucatu/SP. As características avaliadas foram: textura, pH, acidez titulável, sólidos solúveis,  açúcares redutores totais, amido, teores de potássio e aceitação sensorial. Para a determinação das análises foram escolhidos 5  frutos da 2a penca do cacho. O delineamento adotado foi o inteiramente casualisado, com 11 tratamentos (genótipos e cinco repetições. Para cada repetição foram utilizados 5 frutos. Conforme os tratamentos empregados, no grupo AAA, o cultivar  Caipira  apresentou  os  maiores teores de potássio  (7,24 g.kg-1, contudo menor  aceitação, evidenciada pela avaliação global  (AVG, sendo  os maiores teores de sólidos solúveis observados na bananeira (6,33 ºBrix. O cultivar Prata Zulu do grupo AAB destacou-se em relação aos demais cultivares do mesmo grupo, apresentando  maiores teores de açúcares (0,49%, amido  (34,40%  e baixa acidez (0,12% de ácido málico. Para o grupo AAAB, ‘Fhia 18’ apresentou maiores teores de açúcares (0,60% e ‘Prata Graúda’ foi a mais aceita entre todos os grupos genômicos.Palavra-chave: Musa spp, genótipos, qualidade, aceitação sensorial.PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND SENSORIAL EVALUATION OF BANANA FRUITS ABSTRACTThis study aimed to evaluate the physical-chemical characteristics as well as sensorial acceptance of banana fruits genotypes in Botucatu/SP. The characteristics evaluated were: texture, PH, titratable acidity, soluble solids,  total  sugar, starch, potassium contents and sensorial acceptance. For the analysis were selected five fruits from the second bunch. The experimental design was completely randomized. There were eleven treatments (genotypes, five repetitions and two usable plants per plot. According to results in the AAA group, the ‘Caipira’ cultivar presented

  14. Utility of newborn screening cards for detecting CMV infection in cases of stillbirth.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Howard, Jonathan; Hall, Beverley; Brennan, Lyndall Eve; Arbuckle, Susan; Craig, Maria E; Graf, Nicole; Rawlinson, William

    2009-03-01

    CMV infection may cause intrauterine deaths including stillbirths (intrauterine deaths at > or =20 weeks gestation). In 2005, there were 1979 stillbirths in Australia, which is almost double the number of deaths reported for all children between 1 and 14 years age. We evaluated the diagnostic utility of testing for the presence of CMV in newborn blood screening cards (NBSC) collected from stillborn babies, who had no known cause of death after post-mortem. Blood taken at post-mortem by cardiac puncture of 107 stillborn babies between July 2005 and December 2006, was spotted onto NBSC. CMV infection was detected using nested PCR targeting the glycoprotein gene, gp58. Of the 107 stillborn infants, 10 (9%) were CMV positive. The rate of CMV infection did not differ between early stillbirths (8%) and late stillbirths (9%). The use of NBSC is a convenient and accurate method for CMV detection in stillbirths. It is easily collected, less laborious than viral culture, diagnostically useful and could be applied for epidemiological and retrospective investigation of the virus in the stillbirth population.

  15. High-resolution linkage map in the proximity of the host resistance locus Cmv1

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Depatie, C.; Muise, E.; Gros, P. [McGill Univ., Quebec (Canada)] [and others

    1997-01-15

    The mouse chromosome 6 locus Cmv1 controls replication of mouse Cytomegalovirus (MCMV) in the spleen of the infected host. In our effort to clone Cmv1, we have constructed a high-resolution genetic linkage map in the proximity of the gene. For this, a total of 45 DNA markers corresponding to either cloned genes or microsatellites were mapped within a 7.9-cM interval overlapping the Cmv1 region. We have followed the cosegregation of these markers with respect to Cmv1 in a total of 2248 backcross mice from a preexisting interspecific backcross panel of 281 (Mus spretus X C57BL/6J)F1 X C57BL/6J and 2 novel panels of 989 (A/J X C57BL6)F1 X A/J and 978 (BALB/c X C57BL/6J)F1 X BALB/c segregating Cmv1. Combined pedigree analysis allowed us to determine the following gene order and intergene distances (in cM) on the distal region of mouse chromosome 6: D6Mit216-(1.9)-D6Mit336-(2.2)-D6Mit218-(1.0)-D6Mit52-(0.5)-D6Mit194-(0.2)-Nkrp1/D6Mit61/135/257/289/338-(0.4)-Cmv1/Ly49A/D6Mit370-(0.3)-Prp/Kap/D6Mit13/111/219-(0.3)-Tel/D6Mit374/290/220/196/195/110-(1.1)-D6Mit25. Therefore, the minimal genetic interval for Cmv1 of 0.7 cM is defined by 13 tightly linked markers including 2 markers, Ly49A and D6Mit370, that did not show recombination with Cmv1 in 1967 meioses analyzed; the proximal limit of the Cmv1 domain was defined by 8 crossovers between Nkrp1/D6Mit61/135/257/289/338 and Cmv1/Ly49A/D6Mit370, and the distal limit was defined by 5 crossovers between Cmv1/Ly49A/D6Mit370 and Prp/Kap/D6Mit13/111/219. This work demonstrates tight linkage between Cmv1 and genes from the natural killer complex (NKC), such as Nkrp1 and Ly49A suggesting that Cmv1 may represent an NK cell recognition structure encoded in the NKC region. 54 refs., 4 figs., 2 tabs.

  16. RESEARCH OF ANTIGEN AND ANTIBODIES FROM RETROVIRUSES, CMV AND HBV AMONG PRISONERS OF THE PENITENTIARY COMPLEX OF THE REGION OF CAMPINAS, SP, BRAZIL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Neusa Maria OSTI

    1998-07-01

    que eram HIV+ e HIV-, foram examinados para a presença de anticorpos anti- HTLV-I/II; anticorpos IgG e IgM anti-vírus citomegálico e a presença do antígeno de superfície do HBV (HbsAg. A presença de anti- HTLV-I/II foi determinada pela técnica de Western Blot, enquanto IgG e IgM anti-CMV e a pesquisa do HbsAg foram feitas por ensaio Imunoenzimático (MEIA-Abbott Lab. Com relação à pesquisa de anti-HTLV-I/II, 58,3% (14/24- número de positivos/número total de soros examinados foram reagentes entre os soros HIV+. Contrariamente, apenas 12,5% (3/24 entre os soros HIV- mostraram reações positivas para anti- HTLV-I/II. Porcentagens de 97,7% (43/44 e 95% (38/40 foram obtidas, respectivamente para os soros anti-HIV+ e anti-HIV-, em relação à pesquisa de IgG anti-CMV. No que concerne à IgM anti-CMV 11,36% (5/44 e 2,5% (1/40 foram os achados para os soros anti-HIV+ e anti-HIV-, respectivamente. A presença do HbsAg foi encontrada em 12,8% (5/39 dos soros que eram HIV+.

  17. Alterações das características fisiológicas da bananeira sob condições de fertirrigação Alteration of the physiologic characteristics in banana under fertirrigation conditions

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    Alberto Soares de Melo

    2009-06-01

    Full Text Available A aplicação de fertilizantes via sistema de irrigação tem se tornado uma prática importante para o suprimento de nutrientes na fruticultura. No entanto, é necessário estudar o efeito dessa aplicação sobre a fisiologia da bananeira a fim de aumentar a eficiência do uso desses insumos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar os efeitos de doses de nitrogênio e potássio, via água de irrigação, sobre as características fisiológicas da bananeira, cultivar 'Prata-Anã', nos tabuleiros costeiros do Estado de Sergipe. O experimento foi conduzido no campo, utilizando um fatorial 4x4 com quatro blocos casualizados, na Estação Experimental da Universidade Federal de Sergipe. Foram testados dois fatores: nitrogênio (0; 250; 500 e 750, em kg ha-1 de N, na forma de uréia e potássio (0; 290; 580 e 870, em kg ha-1 de K2O, na forma de cloreto de potássio. Foram determinadas: a taxa de assimilação de CO², a transpiração, a condutância estomática, a concentração interna de CO² e as eficiências no uso da água e da carboxilação. A condutância estomática foi reduzida, principalmente, na fertilização com 700kg ha-1 de N e na ausência de K, afetando as trocas gasosas e, conseqüentemente, o processo fotossintético. Em situações de maior disponibilidade de potássio, as bananeiras necessitam de menores quantidades de nitrogênio para manutenção da eficiência no uso da água, como conseqüência da melhoria no ajuste estomático.Fertilizer application through the irrigation system, has become an important way to supply nutrients to fruit trees. However, it is necessary to study its effects on the banana tree physiology, in order to improve fertilizer use efficiency. The objective of this study was to evaluate doses of nitrogen and potassium through irrigation water, on the physiological characteristics of the banana tree, cv. 'Prata-Anã', in the coastal tablelands of Sergipe State. The experiment was established in the field

  18. Detecção de anticorpos IgM nas infecções primárias e secundárias pelo citomegalovírus em pacientes submetidos a transplante renal

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    Cláudio Sergio Pannuti

    1987-10-01

    Full Text Available Foram acompanhados 27 pacientes submetidos a transplante renal para avaliação do comportamento dos anticorpos IgM e IgG CMV-específicos. Dos 27 casos estudados, 17 (63,0% tinham anticorpos IgG, detectados pela reação de fixação de complemento (RFC, antes de serem submetidos ao transplante, e 10 (37,0% eram soro negativos. A pesquisa de anticorpos IgM (técnica de imunofluorescência indireta foi negativa em todas as amostras pré transplante. Num período de acompanhamento que variou de 28 a 425 dias (média de 115 dias após o transplante, observou-se que 20 dos 27 (74,1% apresentaram evidências sorológicas de infecçáo pelo CMV, ocorrendo a maioria dos casos (14/20, 70% em pacientes que já tinham anticorpos para o CMV antes do transplante. A pesquisa de anticorpos IgM CMV-específicos foi positiva em 12 dos 14 pacientes com evidências sorológicas de reinfecção ou reativação da infecção pelo CMV, e em 100% (6/6 dos pacientes com infecção primária. Dentre os 10 pacientes acompanhados por mais de 4 meses, somente 1 (10% negativou o IgM neste período.

  19. Seleção de híbridos diplóides (AA de bananeira com base em três índices não paramétricos Selection of (AA diploid banana hybrids using three non-parametric indices

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lauro Saraiva Lessa

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivou-se selecionar híbridos diplóides (AA de bananeira com base em três índices não paramétricos, a fim de orientar a seleção e aumentar o aproveitamento da variabilidade existente no Banco de Germoplasma de Bananeira da Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura Tropical. Foram avaliados 11 híbridos, no delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. As parcelas constituíram-se de seis plantas, espaçadas de 2,5 m x 2,5 m, tendo na bordadura plantas da cultivar Pacovan. Tomaram-se dados dos seguintes caracteres: altura da planta, diâmetro do pseudocaule, número de filhos na floração, número de folhas na floração, ciclo da planta do plantio à emissão do cacho, presença de pólen, número de pencas, número de frutos, comprimento do fruto e resistência à Sigatoka-amarela. As médias desses 10 caracteres foram empregadas no cálculo dos índices multiplicativos, de soma de classificação e da distância genótipo-ideótipo. Os dois híbridos de melhor desempenho geral, o SH3263 e o 1318-01, foram classificados, respectivamente, em primeiro e segundo lugares pelos índices multiplicativos e de soma de classificação, enquanto o índice da distância genótipo-ideótipo os classificou em primeiro e quarto lugares respectivamente. Embora os três índices tenham demonstrado uma boa correspondência entre o desempenho geral dos híbridos e a sua classificação, os índices multiplicativo e de soma de classificação propiciaram classificação mais adequada desses híbridos.The objective of the present study was to select diploids (AA hybrids of banana based on three non-parametric indices as to guide the selection and increase the use of the variability present in the Banana Germplasm Bank of Embrapa Cassava and Tropical Fruits. Eleven hybrids were evaluated in random blocks with four replicates. The plots consisted of six plants spaced 2.5 m x 2.5 m whereas the border rows were from the Pacovan cultivar. The following

  20. Diagnosis, gB genotype distribution and viral load of symptomatic congenitally infected CMV patients in Cuba.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Correa, C; Kourí, V; Pérez, L; Soto, Y; Limia, C

    2016-10-01

    Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the leading cause of viral congenital infection. Some viral factors have been proposed to be CMV pathogenicity markers. The objective of this study was to investigate the frequency of congenital CMV infection in symptomatic patients and the possible association with the CMV glycoprotein B (gB) genotype and viral load. A total of 361 newborns (NB) and 158 pregnant women (PW) with clinically suspected CMV infection were enrolled. Studied samples included urine, saliva, serum, vaginal swabs and amniotic fluid. CMV infection was diagnosed by multiplex nested PCR. CMV gB genotyping was performed on infected samples, followed by viral load determination. Overall, 18.7% of the tested patients were positive for CMV infection, 19.7% of NB were congenitally infected and 16.5% of PW showed active CMV infection. gB-2 was the most prevalent genotype detected (39/97 patients). gB CMV mixed infections were detected in 12 patients. gB-2 was associated with mono-infections (PCMV load was statistically significant among patients presenting different clinical signs (P=0.04). This study showed that CMV is a frequent cause of congenital infection in symptomatic Cuban patients. Despite gB2 being the most frequently detected, gB-4 was the only genotype associated with clinical features (sepsis-like syndrome in NB). No other associations among specific genotypes and clinical characteristics were found. Further studies are needed to clarify the role that viral load and genotype play in the outcome of congenital infection.

  1. Características físico-quimicas, análise sensorial e conservação de frutos de cultivares de bananeira resistentes à sigatoca-negra

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    Célia Lúcia Siqueira

    2010-10-01

    Full Text Available O cultivar Prata Anã é o mais plantada no Norte de Minas Gerais, o que demonstra estar a bananicultura regional baseada numa variedade suscetível à sigatoca-negra. Apesar de existirem cultivares resistentes em fase de recomendação para o cultivo na região, ainda são escassos os trabalhos relacionados a metodologias de conservação pós-colheita. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o período de armazenamento e as características físico-químicas e sensoriais dos cultivares de bananeira Fhia - 02 e Precioso, ambos resistentes à sigatoca-negra, e o efeito da atmosfera modificada associada à refrigeração. Foram realizados três experimentos, o primeiro em temperatura ambiente, o segundo a 12 ºC e o terceiro a 15 ºC. Esses experimentos foram instalados no delineamento em blocos casualizados em esquema de parcelas subdivididas no tempo, tendo nas parcelas um fatorial 2 (com e sem embalagem x 2 (Fhia - 02 e Precioso e nas subparcelas as avaliações em intervalo de seis e dois dias para frutos armazenados nas temperaturas de 12, 15 e 25 ºC, com quatro repetições e três frutos por unidade experimental. Após o tratamento, os frutos foram dispostos em bandejas de poliestireno expandido (sem embalagem e embalagens de 10 e 16 µm e umidade relativa de 90%. As características avaliadas foram: tamanho, diâmetro, cor, firmeza, perda de matéria fresca, sólidos solúveis totais (SST, acidez total titulável (ATT, SST/ATT, pH e análise sensorial. O uso da embalagem associada à refrigeração permitiu armazenar os frutos por 28 dias, mantendo as características físico-químicas.

  2. Acute and regressive scleroderma concomitant to an acute CMV primary infection.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Goulabchand, Radjiv; Khellaf, Lakhdar; Forestier, Amandine; Costes, Valerie; Foulongne, Vincent; le Quellec, Alain; Guilpain, Philippe

    2014-12-01

    To describe the pathophysiological mechanisms involving cytomegalovirus (CMV) primary infection and natural killer (NK) cell expansion in the development of localized scleroderma. A 43-year-old woman presented acute erythematous discoloration and skin thickening concerning face, neck, trunk, abdomen, and the four limbs, predominantly in proximal areas. Our case did not respond to systemic sclerosis criteria diagnosis. However, skin and muscle biopsy revealed early scleroderma associated with capillary thrombi, and tissue infiltration with NK cells (CD56+/Granzyme B). Scleroderma was attributed to CMV primary infection responsible for cytolytic hepatitis (7-fold over the limit) and circulating NK cell excess. After 6 months of prednisone and a 2-year follow-up, a complete resolution of symptoms was observed. Our observation suggests a potential triggering role of CMV primary infection in the development of scleroderma. Histological features from our observation addresses the role of CMV and NK cells in the development of endothelial damage and fibrotic process. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  3. Medical image of the week: CMV cytopathic effect

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    Sam A

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available No abstract available. Article truncated at 150 words. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL was performed on a 45-year old man with a history of treated mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome, who presented with fever and pulmonary infiltrates. BAL Papanicolaou stain (Figure 1, 400x showed single cells (lymphocytes, arrows and alveolar macrophages, stars and a small cluster of 3 large cells, most likely infected type II pneumocytes, with a single prominent red stained nuclear inclusion surrounded by a clear halo. Nuclear chromatin was marginated on the nuclear membrane creating this “owl’s eye” appearance. In vitro, infected cells show cytomegalovirus (CMV virions within the nuclear inclusion (Figure 2, small black dots encircled, 8,800x The "owl's eye" appearance (Figure 1 is the “cytopathic effect” needed to definitively diagnose active CMV infection. While cells infected with adenovirus or herpesvirus may have nuclear inclusions, the cells typically are much smaller. CMV was cultured from the BAL, and no other pathogen was identified by cytology or ...

  4. cmv treatment in south africa review

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    era, 90 AIDS patients were treated for CMV-R at the. University of Natal ... travenous induction, followed by oral maintenance. GCV.21 .... opmental deficits in both symptomatic and initially ... shown to be effective in preventing hearing loss, im-.

  5. Prevalence and clinical aspects of CMV congenital Infection in a low-income population.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Marin, Lauro Juliano; Santos de Carvalho Cardoso, Emanuelle; Bispo Sousa, Sandra Mara; Debortoli de Carvalho, Luciana; Marques Filho, Marcílio F; Raiol, Mônica Regina; Gadelha, Sandra Rocha

    2016-08-31

    CMV is the most common cause of congenital infection in the whole world (0.2 to 2.2 %). That infection may be symptomatic or asymptomatic at birth and, although asymptomatic cases at birth are more common, some children may develop late sequelae, and require medical intervention. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of CMV congenital infections in children who were born in a public hospital in Ilhéus, Brazil, and to evaluate the clinical progression in infected newborns. CMV congenital infection was determined by detecting viral DNA through nested PCR. The viral DNA was detected in 25 newborns, showing a prevalence of 1.19 % (25/2100) of CMV congenital infection. In regards to the risk factors from mothers, only the variables: age of mothers (p = 0.003), number of children (p = 0.011), and use of medications (p CMV. Late symptoms can be mistaken for other diseases or even go unnoticed.

  6. Dataset of aqueous humor cytokine profile in HIV patients with Cytomegalovirus (CMV retinitis

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    Jayant Venkatramani Iyer

    2016-09-01

    Full Text Available The data shows the aqueous humor cytokine profiling results acquired in a small cohort of 17 HIV patients clinically diagnosed with Cytomegalovirus retinitis using the FlexMAP 3D (Luminex® platform using the Milliplex Human Cytokine® kit. Aqueous humor samples were collected from these patients at different time points (pre-treatment and at 4-weekly intervals through the 12-week course of intravitreal ganciclovir treatment and 41 cytokine levels were analyzed at each time point. CMV DNA viral load was assessed in 8 patients at different time points throughout the course of ganciclovir treatment. The data described herein is related to the research article entitled “Aqueous humor immune factors and cytomegalovirus (CMV levels in CMV retinitis through treatment - The CRIGSS study” (Iyer et al., 2016 [1]. Cytokine levels against the different time points which indicate the response to the given treatment and against the CMV viral load were analyzed. Keywords: Cytokines, CMV retinitis, Dataset, HIV, Luminex bead assay

  7. Higher Anti-CMV IgG Concentrations are Associated with Worse Neurocognitive Performance During Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Letendre, Scott; Bharti, Ajay; Perez-Valero, Ignacio; Hanson, Barbara; Franklin, Donald; Woods, Steven Paul; Gianella, Sara; de Oliveira, Michelli Faria; Heaton, Robert K; Grant, Igor; Landay, Alan L; Lurain, Nell

    2018-03-01

    To determine the association of CMV infection with neurocognitive performance in HIV+ adults. Cross-sectional, observational, exploratory study. Anti-CMV IgG concentrations in blood and CMV DNA copies in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were measured in stored specimens of 80 HIV+ adults who were previously assessed with a standardized, comprehensive neurocognitive test battery. Thirty-eight were taking suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART, HIV RNA ≤ 50 copies/mL) and 42 were not taking ART. A panel of 7 soluble biomarkers were also measured by immunoassay in CSF. Anti-CMV IgG concentrations ranged from 5.2 to 46.1 U/mL. CMV DNA was detected in 7 (8.8%) blood plasma but in none of the CSF specimens. Higher anti-CMV IgG levels were associated with older age (p=0.0017), lower nadir CD4+ T-cell count (pperformance overall (p=0.059). This correlation was present in those taking suppressive ART (p=0.0049) but not in those who were not taking ART (p=0.92). Worse neurocognitive performance remained associated with higher anti-CMV IgG levels after accounting for other covariates in multivariate models (Model p=0.0038). Detectable plasma CMV DNA was associated with AIDS (p=0.05) but not with neurocognitive performance. CMV may influence neurocognitive performance in HIV+ adults taking suppressive ART. Future clinical trials of anti-CMV therapy should help determine whether the observed relationships are causal.

  8. Avaliação de cultivares e híbridos de bananeira no recôncavo baiano Evaluation of banana cultivars and hybrids in northeastern Bahia

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    Marcelo Bezerra Lima

    2005-06-01

    Full Text Available O programa de melhoramento genético de bananeira da Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura Tropical visa desenvolver e selecionar novas cultivares de bananeira com alta produtividade, bom sabor dos frutos e que apresentem resistência às principais doenças. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar cultivares e híbridos de bananeira visando a identificação de genótipos superiores em produtividade e resistência a doenças. Foram avaliados os híbridos da cv. Gros Michel (Calipso, Bucaneiro e Ambrosia; da cv.Yangambi (YB42-21 e YB42-17; da cv. Prata (ST42-08 e ST12-31 e de Prata-Anã (SH3640 e as cultivares Pacovan e Nanicão. As características utilizadas para as avaliações foram: altura da planta (m; diâmetro do pseudocaule (cm; número de folhas vivas na floração; número de folhas vivas na colheita; número de frutos por cacho; peso do cacho (kg; peso médio de frutos (g; comprimento do fruto (cm; diâmetro do fruto (cm; espessura da casca (mm; número de dias do plantio à floração e número de dias do plantio à colheita. Usou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados com 10 tratamentos, cinco repetições e seis touceiras por parcela, espaçadas de 2,00 m x 3,00 m. Os híbridos avaliados apresentaram características agronômicas iguais ou superiores as cultivares que lhes deram origem. Os melhores híbridos de 'Prata', 'Yangambi' e 'Gros Michel' foram respectivamente, ST12-31, YB42-21 e Bucaneiro.The banana genetic breeding program at Embrapa Cassava and Tropical Fruits aims to develop and select new banana varieties with high productivity, good fruit flavor and resistance to most banana diseases. The objective of this work was to evaluate banana cultivars and hybrids in order to identify superior genotypes for productivity and disease resistance. The following characteristics were evaluated: plant height (cm; pseudostem diameter (cm; number of living leaves during flowering; and at harvest number of fingers per bunch; bunch weight

  9. Desempenho de genótipos de bananeira na região de Jataí-GO

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    Silvia Correa Santos

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o desenvolvimento e a produção de seis genótipos de bananeira nas condições bioclimáticas do Sudoeste Goiano. O experimento foi conduzido em área experimental na Fazenda Aroeira localizada no Município de Jataí-GO, microrregião do sudoeste Goiano. Em dois ciclos de produção, foram avaliados os genótipos 'Caipira' (AAA, 'Thap Maeo' (AAB, 'FHIA-01' (AAAB, 'FHIA-21' (AAAB, 'FHIA-18' (AAAB, descritos pela Embrapa como resistentes à Sigatoka, e a 'Terra' (AAB - subgrupo Terra, cultivada tradicionalmente pelos produtores da região. O experimento foi montado num delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, com seis tratamentos (genótipos e seis repetições, em condições de sequeiro com espaçamento de 3 x 2 m. A caracterização do desenvolvimento e do rendimento dos genótipos foi realizada com as seguintes avaliações: NDPC - número de dias do plantio à colheita; MC - massa do cacho (kg; NP - número de pencas; CE - comprimento do engaço (cm; Ø - diâmetro do engaço (mm; ME - massa do engaço (kg; Ø2ªP - diâmetro do fruto da segunda penca (mm; C2ªP - comprimento do fruto da segunda penca (mm; M2ªP - massa da segunda penca (kg; N2ªP - número de frutos da segunda penca; ØPSFL - diâmetro do pseudocaule na floração (cm, NFC - número de folhas na colheita, e APF - altura da planta na floração. Observou-se um regime hídrico bem definido, com uma estação chuvosa de outubro a março e um período seco de abril a setembro. Considerando que diferentes ambientes influenciam no desempenho dos genótipos de banana e na manifestação dos caracteres, o bom desenvolvimento desses genótipos indica a adaptação às condições climáticas da região. De acordo com os dados de produção do segundo ciclo, os genótipos 'FHIA-18', 'FHIA-01' e 'FHIA-21' apresentaram características agronômicas favoráveis e podem ser indicados como alternativas de cultivo aos produtores da regi

  10. Prevalence of CMV infection among staff in a metropolitan children’s hospital – occupational health screening findings

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    Stranzinger, Johanna

    2016-09-01

    Full Text Available Background: Staff in children’s hospitals may run an increased risk of cytomegalovirus (CMV contact infection leading to a congenital CMV fetopathy during pregnancy. The main risk factor is close contact with inapparent carriers of CMV among infants (<3 years. We therefore examined CMV seroprevalence (SP and possible risk factors for CMV infection among staff at a children’s hospital.Method: In 2014, staff at a metropolitan children’s hospital were offered a CMV antibody test in the context of occupational health screening. Besides of anti-CMV immunoglobulin G (anti-CMV IgG gender, age, profession, number of children and migration background were assessed and used as independent variables in multiple logistic regression. Women without a migration background (MIG were considered as a separate group.Results: The study included 219 employees. Women showed a significant higher risk than men of being CMV-positive (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.0; 95% CI 1.1–7.8. The risk among age groups of 30 and over was double that of the under-30s (aOR 2.0; 95% CI 1.0–3.9; among those aged 40-plus it was aOR 2.3 (95% CI 1.1–4.7. Staff with an MIG tested more often positive than those without an MIG (95.5% versus 45.7%. CMV SP was 47.7% among women without an MIG. In this subgroup the probability of CMV infection increased with age (p=0.08 as well. Conclusion: In the staff group as a whole there was a significant correlation between CMV SP, country of origin and age. We found no significant differences between occupational groups; perhaps our random sample was too small. Given the low CMV SP particularly in those without MIG, women who want to have children in particular must be protected from CMV infection. Follow-up studies should be undertaken to test whether good workplace hygiene offers sufficient protection for pregnant women and could be an alternative to prohibiting certain activities.

  11. Inhibition of human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells with AdCMV-p53 gene transfection induced by irradiation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Liu Bing; Min Fengling; Xie Yi; Zhou Qingming; Duan Xin; Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; Zhang Hong; Li Wenjian; Hao Jifang; Zhou Guangming; Gao Qingxiang

    2006-01-01

    The effect of AdCMV-p53 gene transfection induced by γ-ray irradiation on human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells was investigated. The HT-29 cells were irradiated by 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 Gy 60 Co γ-rays, then were transfected with AdCMV-GFP (a replication of deficient recombinant adenoviral vector containing a CMV promoter and green fluorescent protein) or AdCMV-p53 (a replication of deficient recombinant adenoviral vector containing a CMV promoter and carrying human wild p53 gene). Cytotoxity was measured by clonogenic survival assay; apoptosis and the p53 expression were determined by flow cytometry. The results show that the pre-exposure of 0.5 Gy 60 Co γ-rays significantly enhanced the inhibition of HT-29 cells with AdCMV-53 transfection and promoted cell apoptosis. The inhibition rates for the groups of pre-exposure with 0.5 Gy and transfection with 40 and 80 MOI AdCMV-p53 were 50% and 20% higher than those for the groups of the mere transfection, and 40% more than the mere irradiation group. In the case of higher than 0.5 Gy pre-exposure, no significant difference was found between the pre-exposure with transfection group and the mere irradiation group. So 0.5 Gy pre-irradiation and AdCMV-p53 transfection obviously increases the inhibition of HT-29 cells with AdCMV-p53 transfection. The optimum condition is the lower than 1.0 Gy pre-exposure combined with the lower than 80 MOI AdCMV-p53 transfection. (authors)

  12. Caracterização agronômica de mutantes de bananeira obtidos por meio da radiação gama

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    Edson Perito Amorim

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available A bananeira é uma das fruteiras de maior importância econômica, explorada quase exclusivamente por pequenos produtores. Constitui-se em fonte contínua de alimento e renda. Embora o Brasil figure como um dos maiores produtores de banana, a bananicultura nacional enfrenta sérios problemas nas fases de produção e pós-colheita, que limitam sua inserção no mercado internacional. Um dos fatores que levam a grandes perdas na produção é o tombamento resultante da altura elevada da planta das principais cultivares comerciais. Uma estratégia para a solução deste problema é a redução do porte por indução de mutação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar mutantes de banana tipo Prata (cv´s Pacovan e Preciosa irradiadas, durante dois ciclos de produção, visando à seleção de plantas com porte baixo e boas características agronômicas. Plantas in vitro das duas cultivares foram irradiadas com raios gamas nas doses de 20 Gy ('Pacovan' - 200 mudas e 30 Gy ('Preciosa' - 200 mudas, subcultivadas por quatro vezes e posteriormente avaliadas em campo durante dois ciclos de produção. Foram selecionados quatro mutantes de cada cultivar com altura inferior à média de altura das testemunhas, após dois ciclos de avaliação. Observou-se que em alguns desses mutantes houve maior precocidade e maior massa do cacho quando comparados com as testemunhas. Pelos resultados, é possível selecionar plantas mutantes com características agronômicas superiores, tanto para a 'Pacovan' quanto para a 'Preciosa', submetidas à radiação gama.

  13. Avaliação nutricional em folhas de bananeira 'Prata-anã' adubadas com composto orgânico Nutritional leaves evaluation of banana 'Prata-anã' with organic compost

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    Erval Rafael Damatto Junior

    2006-04-01

    Full Text Available Desenvolveu-se o presente trabalho objetivando avaliar o estado nutricional de plantas cultivadas com diferentes doses de composto orgânico no primeiro ciclo de produção da bananeira 'Prata-Anã', cultivada em Botucatu-SP. Os tratamentos empregados foram constituídos de diferentes doses de composto orgânico: T1 = 0 g de K2O/planta (Testemunha; T2 = 98,5 g de K2O/planta (43 kg de composto/planta; T3 = 197,0 g de K2O/planta (86 kg de composto/planta; T4 = 290,5 g de K2O/planta (129 kg de composto/planta, e T5 = 394,0 g de K2O/planta (172 kg de composto/planta, sendo as doses de composto calculadas de acordo com o teor de potássio presente no mesmo. Adotou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, composto de 5 tratamentos, 5 repetições e 2 plantas por parcela. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e à análise de regressão. Os efeitos da adubação orgânica foram avaliados por meio de análises químicas de macro e micronutrientes nas folhas, durante o florescimento e na colheita. A adubação orgânica não promoveu diferença nas concentrações de nutrientes nas folhas, contudo verificou-se que os teores foliares de potássio, considerados adequados para a bananeira 'Prata-Anã', podem ser inferiores aos padrões atualmente adotados para a cultura.The present work was carried out aiming to evaluate nutritional plants conditions with different organic compost rates in the first production cycle of banana 'Prata Anã' in Botucatu-SP. Different organic compost rates were used for the treatments: T1 = 0 g of K2O/plant (zero of the compost; T2 = 98,5 g of K2O/plant (43 kg of the compost/plant; T3 = 197,0 g of K2O/plant (86 kg of the compost/plant; T4 = 290,5 g of K2O/plant (129 kg of the compost/plant ; and T5 = 394,0 g of K2O/plant (172 kg of the compost/plant. The compost rates were calculated based on the quantity of potassium contained in the compost. The experiment was arranged in randomized blocks design

  14. Incidence of CMV co-infection in HIV-positive women and their neonates in a tertiary referral centre: a cohort study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Reitter, A; Buxmann, H; Haberl, A E; Schlösser, R; Kreibich, M; Keppler, O T; Berger, A

    2016-02-01

    Co-infection with CMV in HIV-positive pregnant women is associated with perinatal mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of both viruses. This retrospective study reports on the incidence of maternal and neonatal CMV (presence of anti-CMV IgG and IgM, CMV DNA PCR and/or CMV virus isolation) in high-risk pregnancies due to maternal HIV infection, MTCT of HIV and/or CMV. One hundred and eleven maternal samples and 75 matched neonatal samples were available for HIV and subsequent CMV testing. In this cohort of HIV-positive pregnant women, 96 (86.5 %) serum samples were anti-CMV IgG positive. In nine (9.4 %) of these, anti-CMV IgM was detected, and in none of them a maternal primary CMV infection was suspected. Fifty-seven (51.8 %) maternal serum samples were tested retrospectively by CMV DNA PCR; one sample was positive (0.9 %). All matched neonates were tested for HIV by PCR in the first month of life; HIV transmission was detected in one case. In 74 (67.2 %) of neonates, CMV testing was performed. Sixty-six of these serum samples were tested retrospectively by CMV DNA PCR. Two newborns (2.7 %) showed laboratory markers for CMV infection (one by detection of CMV DNA in plasma, and one by isolation of CMV from a urine sample). In the follow-up, neither of these two showed clinical signs for active CMV disease. We discussed these findings in the light of the national official guidelines. All CMV transmissions occurred due to maternal reinfection or endogenous reactivation. This suggests the success of highly active antiretroviral therapy in preventing MTCT of HIV and CMV disease and highlights the importance of adequate care and follow-up.

  15. Universal newborn screening for congenital CMV infection: what is the evidence of potential benefit?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cannon, Michael J; Griffiths, Paul D; Aston, Van; Rawlinson, William D

    2014-09-01

    Congenital CMV infection is a leading cause of childhood disability. Many children born with congenital CMV infection are asymptomatic or have nonspecific symptoms and therefore are typically not diagnosed. A strategy of newborn CMV screening could allow for early detection and intervention to improve clinical outcomes. Interventions might include antiviral drugs or nonpharmaceutical therapies such as speech-language therapy or cochlear implants. Using published data from developed countries, we analyzed existing evidence of potential benefit that could result from newborn CMV screening. We first estimated the numbers of children with the most important CMV-related disabilities (i.e. hearing loss, cognitive deficit, and vision impairment), including the age at which the disabilities occur. Then, for each of the disabilities, we examined the existing evidence for the effectiveness of various interventions. We concluded that there is good evidence of potential benefit from nonpharmaceutical interventions for children with delayed hearing loss that occurs by 9 months of age. Similarly, we concluded that there is fair evidence of potential benefit from antiviral therapy for children with hearing loss at birth and from nonpharmaceutical interventions for children with delayed hearing loss occurring between 9 and 24 months of age and for children with CMV-related cognitive deficits. We found poor evidence of potential benefit for children with delayed hearing loss occurring after 24 months of age and for children with vision impairment. Overall, we estimated that in the United States, several thousand children with congenital CMV could benefit each year from newborn CMV screening, early detection, and interventions. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

  16. Coinfection with EBV/CMV and other respiratory agents in children with suspected infectious mononucleosis

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    Wei Cong

    2010-09-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Numerous studies have shown that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV and cytomegalovirus (CMV can infect immunocompetent patients simultaneously with other agents. Nonetheless, multiple infections with other agents in EBV/CMV-infected children have received little attention. We conducted a retrospective study of children with suspected infectious mononucleosis. Peripheral blood samples were analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence to detect EBV, CMV and other respiratory agents including respiratory syncytial virus; adenovirus; influenza virus types A and B; parainfluenza virus types 1, 2 and 3; Chlamydia pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. A medical history was collected for each child. Results The occurrence of multipathogen infections was 68.9%, 81.3% and 63.6% in the children with primary EBV, CMV or EBV/CMV, respectively, which was significantly higher than that in the past-infected group or the uninfected group (p C. pneumoniae in children with primary infection was as high as 50%, significantly higher than in the other groups (p Conclusion Our study suggests that there is a high incidence of multipathogen infections in children admitted with EBV/CMV primary infection and that the distribution of these pathogens is not random.

  17. Isolation and Characterization of Pepper Genes Interacting with the CMV-P1 Helicase Domain.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yoomi Choi

    Full Text Available Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV is a destructive pathogen affecting Capsicum annuum (pepper production. The pepper Cmr1 gene confers resistance to most CMV strains, but is overcome by CMV-P1 in a process dependent on the CMV-P1 RNA1 helicase domain (P1 helicase. Here, to identify host factors involved in CMV-P1 infection in pepper, a yeast two-hybrid library derived from a C. annuum 'Bukang' cDNA library was screened, producing a total of 76 potential clones interacting with the P1 helicase. Beta-galactosidase filter lift assay, PCR screening, and sequencing analysis narrowed the candidates to 10 genes putatively involved in virus infection. The candidate host genes were silenced in Nicotiana benthamiana plants that were then inoculated with CMV-P1 tagged with the green fluorescent protein (GFP. Plants silenced for seven of the genes showed development comparable to N. benthamiana wild type, whereas plants silenced for the other three genes showed developmental defects including stunting and severe distortion. Silencing formate dehydrogenase and calreticulin-3 precursor led to reduced virus accumulation. Formate dehydrogenase-silenced plants showed local infection in inoculated leaves, but not in upper (systemic leaves. In the calreticulin-3 precursor-silenced plants, infection was not observed in either the inoculated or the upper leaves. Our results demonstrate that formate dehydrogenase and calreticulin-3 precursor are required for CMV-P1 infection.

  18. CMV induces HERV-K and HERV-W expression in kidney transplant recipients.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bergallo, Massimiliano; Galliano, Ilaria; Montanari, Paola; Gambarino, Stefano; Mareschi, Katia; Ferro, Francesca; Fagioli, Franca; Tovo, Pier-Angelo; Ravanini, Paolo

    2015-07-01

    Human endogenous retrovirus (HERVs) constitute approximately 8% of the human genome. Induction of HERV transcription is possible under certain circumstances, and may have a possible role in some pathological conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate HERV-K and -W pol gene expression in kidney transplant recipients and to investigate the possible relationship between HERVs gene expression and CMV infection in these patients. Thirty-three samples of kidney transplant patients and twenty healthy blood donors were used to analyze, HERV-K and -W pol gene RNA expression by relative quantitative relative Real-Time PCR. We demonstrated that HERVs pol gene expression levels were higher in kidney transplant recipients than in healthy subjects. Moreover, HERV-K and -W pol gene expression was significantly higher in the group of kidney transplant recipients with high CMV viral load than in the groups with no or moderate CMV viral load. Our data suggest that CMV may facilitate in vivo HERV activation. Published by Elsevier B.V.

  19. Avaliação da atividade antifúngica de extratos de gengibre e eucalipto in vitro e em fibras de bananeira infectadas com Helminthosporium sp - DOI: 10.4025/actasciagron.v28i1.1696

    OpenAIRE

    Rodrigues, Edvirgem; UEM; Schwan-Estrada, Kátia Regina Freitas; Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Agronomia; Stangarlin, José Renato; UNIOESTE; Cruz, Maria Eugenia Silva; UEM; Fiori-Tutida, Ana Cristina Grade; UEM

    2008-01-01

    O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a fungitoxicidade dos extratos brutos aquosos (EBA) de gengibre (Zingiber officinalis) e eucalipto (Corymbia citriodora) sobre o fungo Helminthosporium sp. Este patógeno foi identificado nas fibras do pseudocaule da bananeira, as quais são utilizadas na fabricação de artesanato local. Foram avaliados o crescimento micelial e esporulação do fungo in vitro, além do crescimento da colônia fúngica nas fibras tratadas com os extratos das plantas. As f...

  20. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Infection: A Guide for Patients and Families After Stem Cell Transplant

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Infection: A Guide for Patients and Families after Stem Cell Transplant What is cytomegalovirus (CMV)? Cytomegalovirus (CMV), a ... weakened by medicines that you must take after stem cell transplant and by the transplant itself. Your body ...

  1. CMV seropositivity determines epoetin dose and hemoglobin levels in patients with CKD

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    M.G.H. Betjes (Michiel); W. Weimar (Willem); N.H.R. Litjens (Nicolle)

    2009-01-01

    textabstractCytomegalovirus (CMV)-seropositive patients with ESRD may have more CD4+T cells lacking the co-stimulatory molecule CD28 (CD4+CD28null) than CMV-seronegative patients. Increased numbers of CD28null T cells associates with epoetin nonresponsiveness in patients with ESRD, but whether

  2. Uso da ampicilina sódica e cloranfenicol no controle de contaminantes na micropropagação de bananeira 'Thap maeo'

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gustavo Alves Pereira

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available A micropropagação vem sendo desenvolvida e aperfeiçoada para elevar a taxa de multiplicação de plantas em curto espaço de tempo e melhorar a qualidade da produção de mudas. Contudo, a contaminação microbiana é um dos maiores problemas desta técnica. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a eficiência da descontaminação de explantes de bananeira durante o estabelecimento in vitro, com o uso dos antibióticos ampicilina sódica e cloranfenicol adicionados ao meio de cultura. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado constituído de cinco tratamentos e cinco repetições, sendo cada repetição representada por cinco explantes em diferentes concentrações de ampicilina sódica e cloranfenicol por vinte minutos. Os antibióticos foram adicionados separadamente ao meio de cultura em concentrações de 0, 5, 10, 15 e 20 mg L-1. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste F e análise de regressão. Foram avaliadas as porcentagens de contaminação por bactérias, fungos e oxidação dos explantes. Os resultados permitiram concluir que os antibióticos apresentaram controle sobre contaminantes endógenos nos explantes de banana 'Thap maeo'. A concentração de 20 mg L-1 dos antibióticos ampicilina sódica e cloranfenicol proporcionou redução de 70% na infecção por bactérias e fungos.

  3. Breastfeeding and transmission of cytomegalovirus to preterm infants. Case report and kinetic of CMV-DNA in breast milk.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chiavarini, Manuela; Bragetti, Patrizia; Sensini, Alessandra; Cenci, Elio; Castronari, Roberto; Rossi, Marta J; Fantauzzi, Ambra; Minelli, Liliana

    2011-01-19

    Breastfeeding has a major impact on CMV epidemiology. Postnatal CMV reactivation's incidence during lactation is nearby the maternal seroprevalence. Although perinatal CMV infection has practically no consequences in term newborn, it may cause, in some cases, a severe symptomatic disease in preterm newborns. The aims of the present study are to evaluate the rate and clinical expression of CMV infection breast milk transmitted in preterm infants and to check the safety of the freezing treated breast milk. The study included fifty-seven preterm infants and their CMV seropositive mothers. Fresh breast milk samples have been collected from 1(st) to 9(th) postpartum week. Both fresh breast milk and 72, 96, 120 hours frozen samples have been examined, checking the presence of CMV; urine samples have been tested too. 70.2% of tested mothers showed reactivation of the infection, and CMV-positive breast milk during the six weeks postpartum has been found. However, only one infant was infected by CMV, developing hepatic affection concomitantly with a multi-system involvement, as shown CMV DNA detection in urine, saliva, blood, gastric aspirate, and stools. Freezing breast milk at -20°C and pasteurization may respectively reduce or eliminate the viral load.

  4. CMV infection in a cohort of HIV-exposed infants born to mothers receiving antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pirillo, Maria Franca; Liotta, Giuseppe; Andreotti, Mauro; Jere, Haswel; Sagno, Jean-Baptiste; Scarcella, Paola; Mancinelli, Sandro; Buonomo, Ersilia; Amici, Roberta; Marazzi, Maria Cristina; Vella, Stefano; Palombi, Leonardo; Giuliano, Marina

    2017-02-01

    Antiretroviral therapy has been shown to reduce rates of congenital CMV infection. Little information is available on the possible impact of antiretroviral therapy on postnatal breastfeeding-associated CMV infection acquisition. A cohort of 89 HIV-infected mothers and their children was studied. Women received antiretroviral therapy from week 25 of gestation until 6 months postpartum or indefinitely if meeting the criteria for treatment. All women were evaluated for CMV IgG presence and CMV DNA in breast milk. Children were tested for CMV infection by either the presence of IgM or the presence of CMV DNA in plasma at 1, 6 and 12 months and by the presence of IgG at 24 months. All mothers had high titers of CMV DNA in breast milk (5.7 log at Month 1 and 5.1 log at Month 6). Cumulative CMV infection rates were 60.3 % at Month 6, 69 % at Month 12 and 96.4 % at Month 24. There was a significant negative correlation between the duration of antiretroviral treatment during pregnancy and levels of CMV DNA in breast milk at Month 1 (P = 0.033). There was a trend for a correlation between high titers of CMV DNA in breast milk at 6 months and CMV infection at 6 months (P = 0.069). In this cohort, more than 95 % of the children had acquired CMV infection by 2 years of age. Besides breastfeeding, which played a major role, also horizontal transmission between 1 and 2 years was certainly relevant in determining CMV infection acquisition.

  5. Cytomegalovirus Viral Load in Bronchoalveolar Lavage to Diagnose Lung Transplant Associated CMV Pneumonia

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Lodding, Isabelle Paula; Schultz, Hans Henrik; Jensen, Jens-Ulrik

    2018-01-01

    BACKGROUND: The diagnostic yield for cytomegalovirus (CMV) PCR viral load in Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) or in plasma to diagnose CMV pneumonia in lung transplant recipients remains uncertain, and was investigated in a large cohort of consecutive lung transplant recipients. METHODS: Bronchoscopi...

  6. CMV immune evasion and manipulation of the immune system with aging.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jackson, Sarah E; Redeker, Anke; Arens, Ramon; van Baarle, Debbie; van den Berg, Sara P H; Benedict, Chris A; Čičin-Šain, Luka; Hill, Ann B; Wills, Mark R

    2017-06-01

    Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) encodes numerous proteins and microRNAs that function to evade the immune response and allow the virus to replicate and disseminate in the face of a competent innate and acquired immune system. The establishment of a latent infection by CMV, which if completely quiescent at the level of viral gene expression would represent an ultimate in immune evasion strategies, is not sufficient for lifelong persistence and dissemination of the virus. CMV needs to reactivate and replicate in a lytic cycle of infection in order to disseminate further, which occurs in the face of a fully primed secondary immune response. Without reactivation, latency itself would be redundant for the virus. It is also becoming clear that latency is not a totally quiescent state, but is characterized by limited viral gene expression. Therefore, the virus also needs immune evasion strategies during latency. An effective immune response to CMV is required or viral replication will cause morbidity and ultimately mortality in the host. There is clearly a complex balance between virus immune evasion and host immune recognition over a lifetime. This poses the important question of whether long-term evasion or manipulation of the immune response driven by CMV is detrimental to health. In this meeting report, three groups used the murine model of CMV (MCMV) to examine if the contribution of the virus to immune senescence is set by the (i) initial viral inoculum, (ii) inflation of T cell responses, (iii) or the balance between functionally distinct effector CD4+ T cells. The work of other groups studying the CMV response in humans is discussed. Their work asks whether the ability to make immune responses to new antigens is compromised by (i) age and HCMV carriage, (ii) long-term exposure to HCMV giving rise to an overall immunosuppressive environment and increased levels of latent virus, or (iii) adapted virus mutants (used as potential vaccines) that have the capacity to

  7. Universal newborn screening for congenital CMV infection: what is the evidence of potential benefit?†

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cannon, Michael J.; Griffiths, Paul D.; Aston, Van; Rawlinson, William D.

    2015-01-01

    SUMMARY Congenital CMV infection is a leading cause of childhood disability. Many children born with congenital CMV infection are asymptomatic or have nonspecific symptoms and therefore are typically not diagnosed. A strategy of newborn CMV screening could allow for early detection and intervention to improve clinical outcomes. Interventions might include antiviral drugs or nonpharmaceutical therapies such as speech-language therapy or cochlear implants. Using published data from developed countries, we analyzed existing evidence of potential benefit that could result from newborn CMV screening. We first estimated the numbers of children with the most important CMV-related disabilities (i.e. hearing loss, cognitive deficit, and vision impairment), including the age at which the disabilities occur. Then, for each of the disabilities, we examined the existing evidence for the effectiveness of various interventions. We concluded that there is good evidence of potential benefit from nonpharmaceutical interventions for children with delayed hearing loss that occurs by 9 months of age. Similarly, we concluded that there is fair evidence of potential benefit from antiviral therapy for children with hearing loss at birth and from nonpharmaceutical interventions for children with delayed hearing loss occurring between 9 and 24 months of age and for children with CMV-related cognitive deficits. We found poor evidence of potential benefit for children with delayed hearing loss occurring after 24 months of age and for children with vision impairment. Overall, we estimated that in the United States, several thousand children with congenital CMV could benefit each year from newborn CMV screening, early detection, and interventions. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. PMID:24760655

  8. Breastfeeding and transmission of cytomegalovirus to preterm infants. Case report and kinetic of CMV-DNA in breast milk

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rossi Marta J

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Breastfeeding has a major impact on CMV epidemiology. Postnatal CMV reactivation's incidence during lactation is nearby the maternal seroprevalence. Although perinatal CMV infection has practically no consequences in term newborn, it may cause, in some cases, a severe symptomatic disease in preterm newborns. The aims of the present study are to evaluate the rate and clinical expression of CMV infection breast milk transmitted in preterm infants and to check the safety of the freezing treated breast milk. Methods The study included fifty-seven preterm infants and their CMV seropositive mothers. Fresh breast milk samples have been collected from 1st to 9th postpartum week. Both fresh breast milk and 72, 96, 120 hours frozen samples have been examined, checking the presence of CMV; urine samples have been tested too. Results 70.2% of tested mothers showed reactivation of the infection, and CMV-positive breast milk during the six weeks postpartum has been found. However, only one infant was infected by CMV, developing hepatic affection concomitantly with a multi-system involvement, as shown CMV DNA detection in urine, saliva, blood, gastric aspirate, and stools. Conclusion Freezing breast milk at -20°C and pasteurization may respectively reduce or eliminate the viral load.

  9. Construction and Quality Analysis of Transgenic Rehmannia glutinosa Containing TMV and CMV Coat Protein

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Zhongqiu Teng

    2016-08-01

    Full Text Available Plant viruses, especially tobacco mosaic virus (TMV and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV are serious threats to Rehmannia glutinosa which is a “top grade” herb in China. In the present study, TMV- and CMV-resistant Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. plants were constructed by transforming the protein (CP genes of TMV and CMV into Rehmannia glutinosa via a modified procedure of Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Integration and expression of TMV CP and CMV CP transgenes in 2 lines, LBA-1 and LBA-2, were confirmed by PCR, Southern blot and RT-PCR. Both LBA-1 and LBA-2 were resistant to infection of homologous TMV and CMV strains. The quality of transgenic Rehmanniae Radix was evaluated based on fingerprint analysis and components quantitative analysis comparing with control root tubes. These results showed that chemical composition of transgenic Rehmanniae Radix were similar to non-transgenic ones, which demonstrated that the medical quality and biosafety of transgenic Rehmanniae Radix were equivalent to non-transgenic material when consumed as traditional Chinese medicinal (TCM.

  10. Influencia da aplicação de biofertilizantes na qualidade da produção da bananeira nanica (1º ciclo

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    Pedro B. Torres

    2014-04-01

    Full Text Available A agricultura orgânica é baseada em um sistema holístico, compatibilizando a produção de alimentos sem a utilização de insumos químicos na lavoura, aliado ao baixo custo de produção. Objetivou-se estudar os efeitos de tipos e doses de biofertilizantes na qualidade da produção da bananeira nanica (1º ciclo. Utilizou-se 5 tipos de biofertilizante e 10 doses de biofertilizantes (0; 0,3; 0,6; 0,9; 1,2; 1,5; 1,8; 2,1; 2,4 e 2,7 L planta-1 aplicação-1. A pesquisa foi conduzida, em condições de campo, no período de 20 de março de 2010 à maio de 2011, no CCHA da Universidade Estadual daParaíba, Campus Catolé do Rocha-PB. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o de blocos casualizados, com 50 tratamentos, no esquema fatorial 5 x 10, com quatro repetições, totalizando 200 plantas experimentais. Os maiores valores de diâmetro do fruto médio e diâmetro da polpa do fruto médio foram obtidos com a dose máxima de 2,7 L planta-1/aplicação-1 biofertilizante B1; O valor máximo do ºBrix da polpa do fruto médio foi obtido com a dose ótima do biofertilizante B4 (1,52 L planta-1/aplicação-1.

  11. CMV-specific CD8 T Cell Differentiation and Localization: Implications for Adoptive Therapies

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Corinne J Smith

    2016-09-01

    Full Text Available Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV is a ubiquitous virus that causes chronic infection, and thus is one of the most common infectious complications of immune suppression. Adoptive transfer of HCMV-specific T cells has emerged as an effective method to reduce the risk for HCMV infection and/or reactivation by restoring immunity in transplant recipients. However, the CMV-specific CD8+ T cell response is comprised of a heterogenous mixture of subsets with distinct functions and localization and it is not clear if current adoptive immunotherapy protocols can reconstitute the full spectrum of CD8+ T cell immunity. The aim of this review is to briefly summarize the role of these T cell subsets in CMV immunity and to describe how current adoptive immunotherapy practices might affect their reconstitution in patients. The bulk of the CMV-specific CD8+ T cell population is made up of terminally differentiated effector T cells with immediate effector function and a short life span. Self-renewing memory T cells within the CMV-specific population retain the capacity to expand and differentiate upon challenge and are important for the long-term persistence of the CD8+ T cell response. Finally mucosal organs, which are frequent sites of CMV reactivation, are primarily inhabited by tissue resident memory T cells, which do not recirculate. Future work on adoptive transfer strategies may need to focus on striking a balance between the formation of these subsets to ensure the development of long lasting and protective immune responses that can access the organs affected by CMV disease.

  12. Combined CMV- and HSV-1 brainstem encephalitis restricted to medulla oblongata.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Katchanov, J; Branding, G; Stocker, H

    2014-04-15

    We report a very rare case of a combined CMV- and HSV-1 isolated brainstem encephalitis restricted to medulla oblongata in a patient with advanced HIV disease. Neither limbic nor general ventricular involvement was detected on neuroimaging. The case highlights the importance of testing for HSV-1 and CMV in HIV-infected patients presenting with an isolated brainstem syndrome. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  13. Avaliação de genótipos de bananeira em diferentes ambientes Evaluation of banana genotypes in different environments

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sebastião de Oliveira e Silva

    2003-08-01

    Full Text Available Híbridos de bananeira mais produtivos, resistentes a pragas e com frutos de qualidade, gerados ou introduzidos na Embrapa-Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Mandioca e Fruticultura Tropical, estão sendo avaliados em vários ambientes. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o comportamento dos híbridos tetraplóides (AAAB Pioneira, PV03-44, FHIA-01, SH3640 e FHIA-18 e das cultivares Nam (AAA, Caipira (AAA, Grande Naine (AAA e Prata Anã (AAB, em Guanambi - BA, Cruz das Almas - BA, Viçosa - MG, Lavras - MG e Jaíba - MG, durante dois ciclos. Os caracteres analisados foram altura da planta, peso do cacho, número de frutos por cacho, comprimento do fruto e número de dias do plantio à colheita, utilizando-se a média de 25 plantas por parcela e o desvio-padrão como variáveis. Considerando-se os cinco ambientes e os dois ciclos, a ‘Grande Naine' teve o menor porte (218,7 cm, apresentando, com o SH3640, o maior comprimento do fruto (20,3 e 18,8 cm, respectivamente e o maior peso do cacho (24,1 e 21,8 kg e, com a ‘Caipira', o maior número de frutos (respectivamente 142,2 e 146,1. Os híbridos da ‘Prata Anã' introduzidos de Honduras - FHIA-01, FHIA-18 e SH3640 - superaram a genitora no peso do cacho e no comprimento do fruto nos cinco ambientes e nos dois ciclos, ao passo que a ‘Pioneira' foi o genótipo mais precoce. Enquanto Lavras - MG teve os menores valores do desvio-padrão, Jaíba - MG apresentou as mais favoráveis características edafoclimáticas à cultura, proporcionando aos genótipos precocidade e maior produtividade.Superior banana hybrids, resistant to diseases and with good fruits, generated or introduced in Embrapa-National Center of Cassava and Tropical Fruits Research, have been evaluated in different environments. The work was carried out to evaluate the behavior of tetraploid hybrids (AAAB Pioneira, PV03-44, FHIA-01, SH3640 and FHIA-18 and varieties Nam (AAA, Caipira (AAA, Grande Naine (AAA and Prata Anã (AAB, in

  14. Contribution of targeted saliva screening for congenital CMV-related hearing loss in newborns who fail hearing screening.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ari-Even Roth, Daphne; Lubin, Daniel; Kuint, Jacob; Teperberg-Oikawa, Michal; Mendelson, Ella; Strauss, Tzipora; Barkai, Galia

    2017-11-01

    We previously reported a 2.2% rate of infants born with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) due to congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection identified by universal neonatal screen for cCMV using saliva. To evaluate the contribution of targeted saliva screening for cCMV to the detection of infants born with cCMV-related SNHL who failed universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS). We retrospectively reviewed the audiological and medical records of infants who failed UNHS and were tested for cCMV using saliva sample prior to discharge at Sheba Medical Center between 2014 and 2015. Positive cases were confirmed by urine sample. Two hundred (1%) of the 19 830 infants tested during the study period failed in-hospital hearing screening. A saliva specimen was obtained prior to discharge in 187 infants (93.5% of those who failed UNHS). In 178 infants saliva testing was performed at ≤21 days of chronological age and yielded results. cCMV infection was identified in 4/178 tested infants (2.25%, 95% CI 0.8% to 5.3%), of whom three were diagnosed with SNHL (1.7%, 95% CI 0.5% to 4.4%) and offered antiviral treatment. Two of the tested infants (1.12%, 95% CI 0.2% to 3.6%) were diagnosed with cCMV solely due to failure in UNHS. Occult central nervous system (CNS) symptoms of cCMV infection were detected in 2/4 infants following targeted investigation. Targeted cCMV screening in newborns who failed UNHS contributed to the early detection of infants born with cCMV-related isolated SNHL or with occult CNS symptoms who could potentially benefit from antiviral treatment. © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2017. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

  15. CMV driven CD8(+) T-cell activation is associated with acute rejection in lung transplantation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Roux, Antoine; Mourin, Gisèle; Fastenackels, Solène; Almeida, Jorge R; Iglesias, Maria Candela; Boyd, Anders; Gostick, Emma; Larsen, Martin; Price, David A; Sacre, Karim; Douek, Daniel C; Autran, Brigitte; Picard, Clément; Miranda, Sandra de; Sauce, Delphine; Stern, Marc; Appay, Victor

    2013-07-01

    Lung transplantation is the definitive treatment for terminal respiratory disease, but the associated mortality rate is high. Acute rejection of the transplanted lung is a key determinant of adverse prognosis. Furthermore, an epidemiological relationship has been established between the occurrence of acute lung rejection and cytomegalovirus infection. However, the reasons for this association remain unclear. Here, we performed a longitudinal characterization of CMV-specific T-cell responses and immune activation status in the peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of forty-four lung transplant patients. Acute rejection was associated with high levels of cellular activation in the periphery, reflecting strong CMV-specific CD8(+) T-cell activity post-transplant. Peripheral and lung CMV-specific CD8(+) T-cell responses were very similar, and related to the presence of CMV in the transplanted organ. These findings support that activated CMV-specific CD8(+) T-cells in the lung may play a role in promoting acute rejection. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  16. Clinically targeted screening for congenital CMV - potential for integration into the National Hearing Screening Programme.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kadambari, S; Luck, S; Davis, A; Williams, Ej; Berrington, J; Griffiths, Pd; Sharland, M

    2013-10-01

    Screening for a condition should only be undertaken if certain strict criteria are met. Congenital CMV (cCMV) is a leading cause of sensorineuronal hearing loss (SNHL) and meets many of these criteria, but is not currently screened for in the UK. Ganciclovir reduces CMV-induced progressive SNHL if treatment is begun in the first month of life. The Newborn Hearing Screening Programme (NHSP) has been shown to identify SNHL at the earliest possible age. The potential of integrating screening for cCMV into the NHSP is discussed to consolidate the link between screening, early diagnosis and management. The early diagnosis and treatment of cCMV may prevent a small proportion of late SNHL. In the absence of any screening programme, we provide evidence that clinically targeted screening through the NHSP is a potential option in the UK, enhancing the diagnostic pathway and enabling appropriate early treatment to reduce long-term morbidity. ©2013 Foundation Acta Paediatrica. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  17. Universal newborn screening for congenital CMV infection: what is the evidence of potential benefit?†

    OpenAIRE

    Cannon, Michael J.; Griffiths, Paul D.; Aston, Van; Rawlinson, William D.

    2014-01-01

    Congenital CMV infection is a leading cause of childhood disability. Many children born with congenital CMV infection are asymptomatic or have nonspecific symptoms and therefore are typically not diagnosed. A strategy of newborn CMV screening could allow for early detection and intervention to improve clinical outcomes. Interventions might include antiviral drugs or nonpharmaceutical therapies such as speech-language therapy or cochlear implants. Using published data from developed countries,...

  18. Focal seizures after instillation of cyclomydril to a neonate with congenital CMV infection.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hu, L; Dow, K

    2014-01-01

    We present the case of a term neonate who underwent a diagnostic eye examination on day one for possible genetic disorders. Five minutes after Cyclomydril (0.2% clyclopentolate and 1% phenylephrine) eye drops were instilled, a focal seizure lasting for approximately one hour occurred. The electroencephalograph (EEG) was normal but the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed calcifications in the bilateral periventricular regions. Urine CMV-DNA and maternal serum CMV-IgM were both positive. Auditory brainstem testing suggested severe sensoneural hearing loss. The baby was treated for congenital CMV infection and did not have further seizures. In this case the congenital CMV infection may have been the predisposing factor to central nervous system (CNS) toxicity induced by cyclopentolate. The exact mechanism is unknown but severe neurological impairment may be considered a contraindication for cyclopentolate eye drops in the neonate. To our knowledge, this is the first report of seizures occurring within the first week of life secondary to cyclomydril eye drops in a term neonate.

  19. Produção da bananeira 'Nanicão' em diferentes densidades de plantas e sistemas de espaçamento Yield of 'nanicão' banana at different plant densities and spacing systems

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    João Alexio Scarpare Filho

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo do presente trabalho foi verificar o efeito de diferentes densidades de plantio e sistemas de espaçamento sobre a produção da bananeira 'Nanicão', avaliando-se os primeiros quatro ciclos. Quatro densidades (3.333, 2.222, 1.666 e 1.333 plantas ha-1 e dois sistemas de espaçamento (retângulo e triângulo foram testados para as condições de Piracicaba,SP. O aumento da densidade de 1.333 para 3.333 plantas ha-1 diminuiu a massa do cacho em 15% a 20%, em decorrência do menor número de frutos por cacho, massa e tamanho do fruto. A produção foi sempre maior com o aumento da densidade, porém não ocorreu o mesmo quanto à produtividade. Até o terceiro ciclo, a produtividade das plantas no tratamento de maior densidade superou a das demais. No quarto ciclo, não houve diferença de produtividade entre as plantas, nas densidades testadas, em razão do aumento na duração do ciclo de produção do plantio mais denso. Comparado com o retângulo, o sistema de espaçamento em triângulo promoveu maior massa do cacho no primeiro ciclo e produtividade levemente superior ao longo dos quatro ciclos.The objective of this research was to study the effect of different planting densities and spacing systems on the yield of the 'Nanicão' banana, evaluating the first four cycles. Four density (3,333; 2,222; 1,666 and 1,333plants ha-1 and two spacing systems (rectangle and triangle were tested for the conditions of Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. The increase of the density of 1,333 to 3,333 plants ha-1 decreased bunch weight in 15% to 20%, due to reduction in number of fruit by bunch and fruit size. The yield was always higher as the density increased; however, there was not the same behavior for the productivity. Until the third cycle, the highest plant density overcame the productivity of the others. In the fourth cycle there was no difference in productivity among the densities, due to the increase in the duration of crop cycle in the highest

  20. Adubação com potássio e nitrogênio em três cíclos de produção da bananeira cv. prata-anã Fertilization with nitrogen and potassium on irrigated banana crop cv. 'prata-anã', in three cycles

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    José Tadeu Alves da Silva

    2003-04-01

    Full Text Available O nitrogênio, depois do potássio, é o elemento mais exigido pela bananeira. O desbalanço entre N e K afeta a produção e a qualidade do fruto de banana. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência das adubações com nitrogênio e potássio na produção da bananeira c.v. Prata-Anã (grupo genômico AAB. O experimento foi realizado em Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo na região do Semi-árido do Norte de Minas Gerais e irrigado por microaspersão. Estudaram-se cinco doses de N (0; 200; 400; 800 e 1600 kg ha-1ano-1 e cinco doses de K2O (0; 200; 400; 800 e 1600 kg ha-1ano-1, em esquema fatorial (5x5, durante o 2º, 3º e 4º ciclos de produção. A aplicação de doses crescentes de N elevou o teor de Mn nas folhas acima da faixa adequada, promovendo queda na produção de banana no 2º e 3º ciclos. Portanto, infere-se que o teor de Mn nas folhas atingiu nível tóxico. Houve efeito do K sobre a produção de banana apenas no 4º ciclo. A produção máxima de banana no 4º ciclo foi obtida com a aplicação de 962,5 kg de K2O ha-1ano-1. Não ocorreu interação significativa entre N e K.Nitrogen, after potassium, is the chemical element most required by banana crop. This work evaluated the effect of nitrogen and potassium fertilization on irrigated banana crop (Prata-Anã, AAB yield. Five rates of N (0 , 200 , 400 , 800 and 1600 kg ha-1 year-1 and five rates of K2O (0; 200; 400; 800 and 1600 kg ha-1 year-1, in a (5x5 factorial design were studied. The data were obtained during three yield cycles (second, third and four cycles, on an eutrofic Red-Yellow latosol, sandy-clay, in the North of Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The content of Mn have increased in the leaves with the increased amount of N applied in the soil. The banana yield reduced with the rise of the Mn content in the leaves, on the second and third cycle. The maximum yield was obtained with the application of 962,5 kg of K2O ha-1year-1, on the fourth cycle. No interaction between

  1. Murine model for congenital CMV infection and hearing impairment

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    Tao Liu

    2011-02-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV infection is the leading cause of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL, and SNHL is the most frequent sequela of congenital CMV infection. But the pathogenic mechanism remains unknown, and there is no ideal CMV intrauterine infection animal model to study the mechanisms by which SNHL develops. Methods We established the congenital murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV infection model by directly injecting the virus into the placenta on day 12.5 of gestation. Then, we observed the development and the MCMV congenital infection rate of the fetuses on the day they were born. Furthermore, we detected the auditory functions, the conditions of the MCMV infection, and the histological change of the inner ears of 28-day-old and 70-day-old offspring. Results Both the fetal loss rate and the teratism rate of offspring whose placentas were inoculated with MCMV increased, and their body length, head circumference, and weight decreased. The hearing level of offspring both decreased at both 28- and 70-days post birth; the 70-day-old mice developed lower hearing levels than did the 28-day old mice. No significant inflammatory changes in the cochleae of the mice were observed. MCMV DNA signals were mainly detected in the spiral ganglion neurons and the endolymph area, but not in the perilymph area. The number of neurons decreased, and their ultrastructures changed. Moreover, with age, the number of neurons dramatically decreased, and the ultrastructural lesions of neurons became much more severe. Conclusions The results suggest that the direct injection of MCMV into the placenta may efficiently cause fetal infection and disturb the intrauterine development of the fetus, and placental inoculation itself has no obvious adverse effects on offspring. The reduction in the number of spiral ganglion neurons and the ultrastructural lesions of the neurons may be the major cause of congenital CMV infection-induced progressive SNHL.

  2. Prevalence and associated characteristics of cytomegalovirus (CMV ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Subjects: One hundred and eighty four blood donors negative for human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses and syphilis were assessed for their levels of CMV specific IgG and IgM antibodies (AccuDiagTM ELISA, DIAGNOSTIC AUTOMATION INC, USA) using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ...

  3. Detection and gB genotyping of CMV in Mexican preterm infants in the context of maternal seropositivity.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Arellano-Galindo, José; Villanueva-García, Dina; Cruz-Ramirez, José Luis; Yalaupari-Mejìa, Juan Pablo; Uribe-Gutiérrez, Gabriel; Velazquez-Guadarrama, Norma; Nava-Frias, Margarita; Munoz-Hernández, Onofre; Mejía-Arangure, Juan Manuel

    2014-06-11

    Congenital (CI) and perinatal cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections (PI) can be linked to maternal CMV seropositivity, with fatal consequences in preterm newborns. GB genotyping has been used to analyze genotypic similarity in mothers and infants. The frequency of CMV infection in the context of maternal seropositivity and the viral gB genotypes as well as the genotypic similarity in mothers and preterm infants were investigated. Saliva samples and dry blood spots (DBS) were taken weekly from preterm newborns  from birth until the first month of life, and breast milk samples were taken from their mothers weekly during the first month of lactation. CMV IgG seroprevalence of the mothers and CI or PI in the infants were established. The gB status and genotypic similarities were established retrospectively in DBS and in the breast milk samples. In total, 387 neonates and 375 mothers were enrolled. The maternal CMV-positive IgG serology was 97.3% (365/375). Neonatal CMV was found in 5.1% (20/387) of newborns, and one infant presented with CMV-compatible symptoms. CI was 2.5% and PI in the first month after birth was 11.8%. GB2 was the most prevalent genotype and was also the genotype preferentially transmitted to newborns by mothers with mixed infections. CMV PI and CI in preterm infants from highly seropositive mothers was high, but the rate of symptomatic infection was low. The prevalent genotype was gB2, and this genotype was preferentially transmitted to newborns by mothers with mixed infections.

  4. Avaliação da dissimilaridade genética em genótipos de bananeira (Musa spp. via marcadores RAPD Evaluation of genetics dissimilarity in banana tree genotypes (Musa spp. by means of RAPD markers

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    Carolina Maria Palácios de Souza

    2008-06-01

    Full Text Available A bananicultura possui grande importância econômica e social. A UENF, por meio do Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal iniciou um trabalho de introdução de cultivares de bananeira. Foram introduzidas cultivares com procedência da Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura e Embrapa Amazônia Ocidental. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um estudo de diversidade genética entre 21 cultivares e obter a correta identificação de possíveis genótipos introduzidos na UENF. Foram avaliados os seguintes genótipos: Fhia 18, Prata-Anã, UENF 1526, Pacovan, Caipira, Maçã, UENF 1527, Nanicão, Thap Maeo, UENF 1528, UENF 1529, Grande Naine, Ambrósia, Bucaneiro, Calipso, PV42-68, PV42-85, PV42-142, ST12-31, Calcutta e BB da França. A análise de divergência genética foi feita com base na caracterização molecular, utilizando-se da técnica RAPD. Para serem obtidas marcas moleculares RAPD, foram utilizados 31 "primers", gerando um total de 94 marcas totais. Os resultados mostraram que os marcadores moleculares RAPD foram eficazes em revelar a existência de diversidade genética entre os 21 genótipos de bananeira. Na interpretação das análises moleculares, foi utilizado o complemento aritmético do Índice de Jaccard. Com base nas análises de agrupamento hierárquicas UPGMA e o método de otimização de Tocher, essa diversidade pôde ser observada pela presença de genótipos similares e divergentes.Banana is a very important social and economic crop. The introduction of of banana cultivars was initiated through the Plant Genetics Laboratory at UENF. Cultivars from Embrapa Cassava and Tropical Fruits and Western Amazon were introduced. The objective of the present work was to analyze the genetic dissimilarity between 21 cultivars and obtain the correct identification of the possible genotypes introduced at UENF. The following genotypes were evaluated: Fhia 18, Prata Anã, UENF 1526, Pacovan, Caipira, Maçã, UENF 1527, Nanicão, Thap

  5. Determination of CMV infection in CSF of children with meningoencephalitis: PCR method

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    Noorbakhsh S

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available "nBackground: In recent years, many ill cases with cytomegalovirus reactivation in non-immuno compromised persons reported. Goal of study: to determine the CMV infection in cerebrospinal fluid of aseptic meningoencephalitis children hospitalized in Rasul & Mofid hospital (2005-2007. "nMethods: In a cross sectional study 132 cases selected with simple sampling. CMV-DNA in their Cerebro spinal fluids searched by qualitative PCR. "nResults: The age range of the study patients was 5 month- 13 years, median age= 2±3.7 years; 87(65.9% male and 45(34.1% was female. The presenting signs and symptoms were convulsion 77(69.4%; meningitis 25(18.8%, loss of consciousness 47(37%; neurologic defects 15.9%. DNA extrated in 11 cases. Mycoplasma- DNA in 2cases; DNA-CMV detected 2(1.5%. Positive DNA HSV found in 7(15.3% of patients. DNA- HSV type- 15.3% (7/132 cases. An infant 5 month age with developmental delay, microcephaly and recurrent convulsions. A 1 year girl with brain atrophy and progressive hydrocephaly with intracranial shunt "nConclusions: Differentiation between herpes meningoencephalitis and other encephalopathy based on clinical signs in children is too difficult. CMV (1.5% has lower rate than herpes simplex type-1 (5.7%. In addition to CMV and HSV1 all of herpes family viruses (varicella, herpes 6, 7, Epstein barr virus could have role in  children with meningoencephalitis. In recent years a sensitive, rapid, simple diagnostic  test "Single tube Multiplex PCR" in cerebro spinal fluid recommend. Rapid diagnosis and faster treatment is necessary for decreasing mortality and morbidity in all of herpes meningoencephalitis cases

  6. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Infection Causes Degeneration of Cochlear Vasculature and Hearing Loss in a Mouse Model.

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    Carraro, Mattia; Almishaal, Ali; Hillas, Elaine; Firpo, Matthew; Park, Albert; Harrison, Robert V

    2017-04-01

    Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is one of the most common causes of congenital hearing loss in children. We have used a murine model of CMV infection to reveal functional and structural cochlear pathogenesis. The cerebral cortex of Balb/c mice (Mus musculus) was inoculated with 2000 pfu (plaque forming units) of murine CMV on postnatal day 3. At 6 weeks of age, cochlear function was monitored using auditory brainstem response (ABR) and distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) measures. Histological assessment of cochlear vasculature using a corrosion cast technique was made at 8 weeks. Vascular casts of mCMV-damaged cochleas, and those of untreated control animals, were examined using scanning electron microscopy. We find very large variations in the degree of vascular damage in animals given identical viral injections (2000 pfu). The primary lesion caused by CMV infection is to the stria vascularis and to the adjacent spiral limbus capillary network. Capillary beds of the spiral ligament are generally less affected. The initial vascular damage is found in the mid-apical turn and appears to progress to more basal cochlear regions. After viral migration to the inner ear, the stria vascularis is the primary affected structure. We suggest that initial auditory threshold losses may relate to the poor development or maintenance of the endocochlear potential caused by strial dysfunction. Our increased understanding of the pathogenesis of CMV-related hearing loss is important for defining methods for early detection and treatment.

  7. METODE PENAPISAN CABAI (CAPSICUM ANNUUM L. UNTUK KETAHANAN TERHADAP CHILLI VEINAL MOTTLE VIRUS (Chi VMV DAN CUCUMBER MOSAIC VIRUS (CMV

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    Latifah, Sri Hendrastuti Hidayat, dan Sriani Sujiprihati .

    2011-11-01

    Full Text Available Screening Method for Chilli Veinal Mottle Virus  (Chi VMV and Cucumber Mosaic Virus  (CMV Resistance in Chillipepper.  ChiVMV and CMV have been reported as the causal agents of main diseases in chillipepper in Indonesia and other Asian countries.  Mix infection of this two viruses was commonly occurred in the field, causing severe disease .  The use of resistance varieties has been proposed for dealing with the yield losses causing by  the viruses.  Breeding program is undergoing for development of chillipepper varieties resistant to ChiVMV and CMV.  Methodology for routine screening activity of chillipepper for resistance to both ChiVMV and CMV needs to be established. This research was conducted in Cikabayan Glass House and Plant Virology Laboratory, Plant Protection Department, Bogor Agricultural University from May 2006 to June 2007. Aim of the research was to develop screening method for simultaneous infection by the two viruses, ChiVMV and CMV.  Inoculation of ChiVMV and CMV was done by single inoculation or repetitive inoculation methods.  In both methods, ChiVMV and CMV were inoculated in different sequences, either ChiVMV or CMV first.  The result showed that incubation period was shorter when CMV was inoculated in advance both in single and repetitive inoculation method.  Mosaic, mottle and malformation type symptom was observed in infected plants. Based on disease incidence, infection of ChiVMV was higher compared to CMV in repetitive inoculation as well as in single inoculation.  Repetitive inoculation methods with virus sequence ChiVMV-CMV-ChiVMV-CMV  was selected for resistance evaluation of chillipepper genotypes.

  8. CMV latent infection improves CD8+ T response to SEB due to expansion of polyfunctional CD57+ cells in young individuals.

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    Alejandra Pera

    Full Text Available Cytomegalovirus (CMV latent infection has a deleterious effect on the efficacy of influenza vaccination in the elderly, suggesting that CMV restricts immunological diversity impairing the immune system functionality in old age. Polyfunctional T cells produce multiple cytokines and higher amounts than mono-functional T cells. High number of polyfunctional T cells correlates with better prognosis during infection. Thus, the efficiency of T cell response associates with quality (polyfunctionality rather than with quantity (percentage of T cells. We analyze the effect of CMV infection on CD8+ T cells polyfunctionality --degranulation (CD107a, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha production--, from young CMV-seropositive and CMV-seronegative individuals and in middle age CMV-seropositive donors, in response to Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB. Our results show a higher percentage of polyfunctional CD8+ T cells in young CMV-seropositive individuals compared to CMV-seronegative. Also, we find an expansion of CD8+CD57+ T cells in CMV-seropositive individuals, which are more polyfunctional than CD8+CD57- cells. In middle age individuals there is a higher frequency of SEB-responding CD8+ T cells, mainly TNF-alpha or TNF-alpha/IFN-gamma producers, whereas the percentage of polyfunctional cells (IFN-gamma/TNF-alpha/CD107a is similar to the percentages found in young CMV-seropositive. Therefore, whereas it has been shown that CMV latent infection can be detrimental for immune response in old individuals, our results indicate that CMV-seropositivity is associated to higher levels of polyfunctional CD8+ T cells in young and middle age donors. This increase in polyfunctionality, which can provide an immunological advantage in the response to other pathogens, is due to a CD8+CD57+ T cell expansion in CMV-seropositive individuals and it is independent of age. Conversely, age could contribute to the inflammation found in old individuals by increasing the percentage of cells

  9. Correlação fenotípica entre caracteres de híbridos diploides (AA de bananeira Phenotypic correlation between characters in banana (AA diploid hybrids

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    Lauro Saraiva Lessa

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available O estudo de correlação tem como propósito mensurar a alteração em um caráter quando se altera outro. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se estimar correlações fenotípicas entre o número de frutos por cacho e 22 caracteres avaliados em híbridos diploides (AA de bananeira. No experimento, conduzido na Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura, em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições, foram avaliados 11 híbridos diploides (AA de bananeira. Os caracteres avaliados foram: altura de plantas, diâmetro do pseudocaule, número de filhos, número de folhas na floração, período do plantio ao florescimento, presença de pólen, peso do cacho e da ráquis, sigatoka-amarela no florescimento, número de folhas na colheita, Sigatoka-amarela na colheita do cacho, número de dias do florescimento à colheita, comprimento e diâmetro do engaço, peso da segunda penca, número de pencas e de frutos por cacho, fragilidade do pedicelo, comprimento e diâmetro do fruto e comprimento do pedicelo, além de presença de semente. Após a tabulação, procederam-se a estudos de correlação entre o número de frutos e os demais caracteres da planta. Essas correlações variaram entre os genótipos, sendo assim, observado que as associações entre o número de frutos e os caracteres vegetativos da planta foram, de forma geral, não significativas. Já as relações entre o número de frutos por cacho e os outros caracteres produtivos foram, predominantemente, significativas.The objective of the present study was to estimate the phenotypic correlations between the number of fruits per bunch and 22 characters evaluated in banana (AA diploid hybrids. The experiment was carried out at Embrapa Cassava and Fruits in randomized blocks with four repetitions and 11 (AA banana diploid hybrids were evaluated. The following characteristics were evaluated: plant height, pseudostem diameter, number of suckers, number of leaves during flowering, plant cycle until emission of the

  10. Ability of Aphis gossypii and Myzus persicae to Transmit Cucumber mosaic virus in Single and Mixed Infection with Two Potyviruses to Zucchini Squash Eficiência dos afídeos Aphis gossypii e Myzus persicae na transmissão do Cucumber mosaic virus em infecção simples e mista com dois Potyvirus para abobrinha de moita

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    Zayame Vegette Pinto

    2008-06-01

    Full Text Available The main objective of this work was to investigate the ability of Aphis gossypii and Myzus persicae to transmit Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV singly and mixed with two potyviruses (Papaya ringspot virus - type W, PRSV-W and Zucchini yellow mosaic virus, ZYMV, to zucchini squash plants (Cucurbita pepo. The results showed that the potyviruses in general were more efficiently transmitted by both species of aphids as compared to CMV. The transmission of PRSV-W, ZYMV and CMV separately was more efficient than in mixture.O objetivo desse trabalho foi estudar a eficiência de Aphis gossypii e Myzus persicae na transmissão do vírus do mosaico do pepino (Cucumber mosaic virus, CMV, isoladamente e em mistura com duas espécies de potyvirus (Vírus do mosaico do mamoeiro = Papaya ringspot virus - type W, PRSV-W e Vírus do mosaico amarelo da abobrinha = Zucchini yellow mosaic virus, ZYMV, para planta-testes de abobrinha de moita (Cucurbita pepo. Os dois potyvirus em geral foram transmitidos com mais eficiência pelas duas espécies de afídeos do que o CMV. A transmissão do PRSV-W, ZYMV e CMV, separadamente, foi mais eficiente do que em mistura.

  11. Extração e caracterização do amido de diferentes genótipos de bananeira

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    Magali Leonel

    2011-10-01

    Full Text Available A banana, uma das principais herbáceas cultivadas em grande quantidade no mundo e importante fonte de energia para as pessoas, tem obtido interesse como matéria-prima para a produção de farinha e fécula para uso alimentício e outros fins industriais, devido ao elevado conteúdo de amido nos frutos verdes. O trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar os frutos verdes de sete genótipos de bananeira quanto à composição química e avaliar o conteúdo de amilose, propriedades de pasta e térmicas dos amidos destes genótipos. Os resultados obtidos mostraram diferenças significativas na composição química dos frutos, com maior teor de amido na cultivar Figo Cinza. As análises dos amidos mostraram valores de amilose de 26,68 a 33,95% e propriedades de pasta com elevado pico de viscosidade, baixa resistência à temperatura e agitação (quebra de viscosidade e tendência à retrogradação para todos os amidos. Nas propriedades térmicas, os amidos mostraram um endoderma, temperatura de gelatinização na faixa de 60 a 73ºC com DH variando de 11,6 a 16,99 J g-1 na gelatinização e 4,11 a 7,97 J g-1 na retrogradação.

  12. Aging and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection differentially and jointly affect distinct circulating T cell subsets in humans1

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wertheimer, Anne M.; Bennett, Michael S.; Park, Byung; Uhrlaub, Jennifer L.; Martinez, Carmine; Pulko, Vesna; Currier, Noreen L.; Nikolich-Zugich, Dragana; Kaye, Jeffrey; Nikolich-Zugich, Janko

    2014-01-01

    The impact of intrinsic aging upon human peripheral blood T-cell subsets remains incompletely quantified and understood. This impact must be distinguished from the influence of latent persistent microorganisms, particularly cytomegalovirus (CMV), which has been associated with age-related changes in the T cell pool. In a cross-sectional cohort of 152 CMV-negative individuals, aged 21–101 years, we found that aging correlated strictly to an absolute loss of naïve CD8, but not CD4, T cells, but, contrary to many reports, did not lead to an increase in memory T cell numbers. The loss of naïve CD8 T cells was not altered by CMV in 239 subjects (range 21–96 years) but the decline in CD4+ naïve cells showed significance in CMV+ individuals. These individuals also exhibited an absolute increase in the effector/effector memory CD4+ and CD8+ cells with age. That increase was seen mainly, if not exclusively, in older subjects with elevated anti-CMV Ab titers, suggesting that efficacy of viral control over time may determine the magnitude of CMV impact upon T cell memory, and perhaps upon immune defense. These findings provide important new insights into the age-related changes in the peripheral blood pool of older adults, demonstrating that aging and CMV exert both distinct and joint influence upon blood T cell homeostasis in humans. PMID:24501199

  13. KIR and HLA interactions are associated with control of primary CMV infection in solid organ transplant recipients.

    Science.gov (United States)

    van Duin, D; Avery, R K; Hemachandra, S; Yen-Lieberman, B; Zhang, A; Jain, A; Butler, R S; Barnard, J; Schold, J D; Fung, J; Askar, M

    2014-01-01

    Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection remains a major source of morbidity and mortality in solid organ transplant recipients. Killer immunoglobulin-like receptors(KIR) are genetically polymorphic natural killer(NK) cell receptors important in antiviral responses. A retrospective, single-center cohort study was performed to study the interaction of KIR genotype and primary control of CMV infection after transplantation.Time to first CMV viremia was determined for a cohort of 531 CMV serology donor positive/recipient negative solid organ transplant recipients. Of the KIR genes,KIR2DL3 and KIR2DS2 were most strongly associated with time to CMV viremia in random survival forest analysis. As KIR2DL3 and KIR2DS2 both interact with HLA-C1, these interactions were evaluated. Seventy six recipients were found to be positive for both KIR2DL3 and KIR2DS2 and expressed only HLA-C1 antigens in both recipient and donor. These patients had a substantially reduced hazard of CMV viremia in the first year after solid organ transplantation (hazard ratio 0.44, 95% CI 0.27–0.72, p=0.0012). In KIR2DL3+/KIR2DS2+/HLA-C1/1 recipients who received an organ from a non-C1/1 donor, this protective effect was not observed. These results improve our understanding of human NK cell function in primary CMV infection after transplant.

  14. Comparable survival using a CMV-matched or a mismatched donor for CMV+ patients undergoing T-replete haplo-HSCT with PT-Cy for acute leukemia: a study of behalf of the infectious diseases and acute leukemia working parties of the EBMT.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cesaro, Simone; Crocchiolo, Roberto; Tridello, Gloria; Knelange, Nina; Van Lint, Maria Teresa; Koc, Yener; Ciceri, Fabio; Gülbas, Zafer; Tischer, Johanna; Afanasyev, Boris; Bruno, Benedetto; Castagna, Luca; Blaise, Didier; Mohty, Mohamad; Irrera, Giuseppe; Diez-Martin, J L; Pierelli, Luca; Pioltelli, Pietro; Arat, Mutlu; Delia, Mario; Fagioli, Franca; Ehninger, Gerhard; Aljurf, Mahmoud; Carella, Angelo Michele; Ozdogu, Hakan; Mikulska, Malgorzata; Ljungman, Per; Nagler, Arnon; Styczynski, Jan

    2018-04-01

    The role of donor CMV serostatus in the setting of non T-cell depleted haplo-HSCT with post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PT-Cy) has not been specifically addressed so far. Here we analyzed the impact of the donor CMV serological status on the outcome of 983 CMV seropositive (CMV+), acute leukemia patients receiving a first, non T-cell depleted haplo-HSCT registered in the EBMT database. The 1-year NRM was 21.3% (95% CI: 18.4-24.8) and 18.8% (95% CI: 13.8-25.5) in the CMV D+/R+ and D-/R+ pairs, respectively (p = 0.40). Similarly, 1-year OS was 55.1% (95% CI: 50.1-58.0) and 55.7% (95% CI: 48.0-62.8) in the same groups (p = 0.50). The other main outcomes were comparable. No difference in NRM nor OS was observed after stratification for the intensity of conditioning and multivariate anaysis confirmed the lack of significant association with NRM or OS. In conclusion, the choice of a CMV-seronegative donor did not impair early survival of CMV-seropositive patients with acute leukemia after a first, non T-cell depleted haploidentical HSCT and PT-Cy among this series of 983 consecutive patients. Future research may focus on the assessment of the hierarchy of all the donor variables.

  15. Autocrine production of beta-chemokines protects CMV-Specific CD4 T cells from HIV infection.

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    Joseph P Casazza

    2009-10-01

    Full Text Available Induction of a functional subset of HIV-specific CD4+ T cells that is resistant to HIV infection could enhance immune protection and decrease the rate of HIV disease progression. CMV-specific CD4+ T cells, which are less frequently infected than HIV-specific CD4+ T cells, are a model for such an effect. To determine the mechanism of this protection, we compared the functional response of HIV gag-specific and CMV pp65-specific CD4+ T cells in individuals co-infected with CMV and HIV. We found that CMV-specific CD4+ T cells rapidly up-regulated production of MIP-1alpha and MIP-1beta mRNA, resulting in a rapid increase in production of MIP-1alpha and MIP-1beta after cognate antigen stimulation. Production of beta-chemokines was associated with maturational phenotype and was rarely seen in HIV-specific CD4+ T cells. To test whether production of beta-chemokines by CD4+ T cells lowers their susceptibility to HIV infection, we measured cell-associated Gag DNA to assess the in vivo infection history of CMV-specific CD4+ T cells. We found that CMV-specific CD4+ T cells which produced MIP-1beta contained 10 times less Gag DNA than did those which failed to produce MIP-1beta. These data suggest that CD4+ T cells which produce MIP-1alpha and MIP-1beta bind these chemokines in an autocrine fashion which decreases the risk of in vivo HIV infection.

  16. Characterization of potato and tobacco isolates of Cucumber mosaic virus from Syria and the first report on CMV satellite RNA from potato

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    Mohamad CHIKH ALI

    2012-05-01

    Full Text Available Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV has been reported from potato production areas in Europe, USA, Japan and more frequently in regions with warm climates such as Egypt, India, Saudi Arabia and Syria. As it is considered as an uncommon virus in potato, the characterization of potato isolates of CMV is far behind those from other hosts. In addition to potato, CMV is a common virus infecting many crops in Syria, but nothing is known about its molecular characteristics. The present study aimed to characterize Syrian CMV isolates collected from potato and neighboring tobacco fields. All potato isolates of CMV (total of four co-infected potato plants with Potato virus Y (PVY which is the most frequent potato virus in Syria. According to the sequence analyses of the coat protein (CP coding region, three potato and three tobacco CMV isolates were found to be closely related regardless of the host species or geographic origin, and all belonged to the IA strain subgroup of CMV. A potato CMV isolate, PoCMV7-5, readily infected solanaceous plants in which it induced systemic infection, but was less infectious to other hosts including those of Leguminosae and Cucurbitaceae. When inoculated on potato plants, PoCMV7-5 alone or with various PVY strains was able to cause local but not systemic infection in all potato cultivars inoculated. PoCMV7-5 contained heterogeneous variants of satellite RNA which varied in length due to A or/and T deletion/insertion at approximate nucleotide position 225‒240. This is the first report on CMV satellite RNA from potato.

  17. ESTUDO DA CORRELAÇÃO DOS TEORES DE P, K, Al, Ca e Mg NO SOLO, COM A ALTURA DE BANANEIRAS DO CULTIVAR “MARMELO”, NA EMISSÃO DO CACHO P, K, Al, Ca, AND Mg SOIL CORRELATION STUDY WITH BANANA PLANT HEIGHT CULTIVAR "MARMELO" IN THE BUNCH EMISSION

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    Manoel Passos de Castro

    2007-09-01

    Full Text Available

    A bananeira do cultivar “Marmelo” vem, a cada dia, sendo a melhor opção para os bananicultores, que fornecem frutas às fábricas de doces. Com o aumento dos plantios deste cultivar, necessitou-se de dados concretos, na indicação de glebas, para a formação de bananais, tomando como base a análise do solo. Para isto tomaram-se 40 amostras, constituídas cada uma de 12 sub-amostras, ao redor de 40 touceiras de bananas. Estas touceiras foram escolhidas ao acaso, em um bananal de 2,5 ha, plantado no espaçamento de 3m x 3m, com idade de três anos. Para cada amostra analisaram-se os teores de P, K, Ca + Mg e Al, sendo estes correlacionados com a altura da bananeira correspondente, na emissão da inflorescência. Com base nas análises estatísticas concluiu-se que: a. Em caso de não se indicar adubação, o plantio só deve ser efetuado em solos com mais de 50 ppm. de K; b. A indicação de adubos fosfatados deverá ser feita apenas quando o teor de P no solo for menor que 1 ppm; c. O teor de Ca + Mg do solo deverá ser elevado para 2 (dois mE/100 ml, utilizando-se calcário dolomítico; d. O alumínio tóxico do solo deve ser totalmente neutralizado.

    For commercial banana production, flat fersain is preferable because farm implements and heavy machinery can move early in the fields, but in Goiás, flat land is generally of very low fertility. This study was undertaken to determine the growth of the “Marmelo” banana in this kind of poor soil, using correlations between analyses of soils and the heights of pseudo stems at flowering, and to suggest viable fertilization for its successful growth.

  18. Tissue-specific control of latent CMV reactivation by regulatory T cells.

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    Maha Almanan

    2017-08-01

    Full Text Available Cytomegalovirus (CMV causes a persistent, lifelong infection. CMV persists in a latent state and undergoes intermittent subclinical viral reactivation that is quelled by ongoing T cell responses. While T cells are critical to maintain control of infection, the immunological factors that promote CMV persistence remain unclear. Here, we investigated the role of regulatory T cells (Treg in a mouse model of latent CMV infection using Foxp3-diphtheria toxin receptor (Foxp3-DTR mice. Eight months after infection, MCMV had established latency in the spleen, salivary gland, lung, and pancreas, which was accompanied by an increased frequency of Treg. Administration of diphtheria toxin (DT after establishment of latency efficiently depleted Treg and drove a significant increase in the numbers of functional MCMV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Strikingly, Treg depletion decreased the number of animals with reactivatable latent MCMV in the spleen. Unexpectedly, in the same animals, ablation of Treg drove a significant increase in viral reactivation in the salivary gland that was accompanied with augmented local IL-10 production by Foxp3-CD4+T cells. Further, neutralization of IL-10 after Treg depletion significantly decreased viral load in the salivary gland. Combined, these data show that Treg have divergent control of MCMV infection depending upon the tissue. In the spleen, Treg antagonize CD8+ effector function and promote viral persistence while in the salivary gland Treg prevent IL-10 production and limit viral reactivation and replication. These data provide new insights into the organ-specific roles of Treg in controlling the reactivation of latent MCMV infection.

  19. Aspectos técnicos e econômicos da bananeira 'Prata-Anã' sob fertirrigação nos tabuleiros costeiros de Sergipe Technical and economical aspects of the banana tree "Prata-Anã" under fertirrigation in the coastal tablelands of Sergipe

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    Alberto Soares de Melo

    2010-06-01

    Full Text Available Neste trabalho, objetivou-se estudar os efeitos de doses de nitrogênio e potássio via água de irrigação, sobre o tempo de colheita, componentes da produção: número de pencas, número de frutos pencas-1, número de frutos cacho-1 e massa do cacho planta-1, e lucratividade da bananeira Prata-Anã em tabuleiros costeiros do Estado de Sergipe. O experimento foi conduzido no campo, utilizando um arranjo fatorial 4x4 com quatro blocos casualizados, na Estação Experimental da Universidade Federal de Sergipe. Foram testados dois fatores: nitrogênio (0; 350; 700 e 1050, em kg ha-1 de N, na forma de uréia e potássio (0; 400; 800 e 1200, em kg ha-1 de K2O, na forma de cloreto de potássio. O primeiro ciclo da bananeira 'Prata-Anã' é prolongado em situações de deficiências de N e K. O maior rendimento do cacho (32,56t ha-1 é obtido com a aplicação de 1050kg ha-1 ano-1 de N e 1112kg ha-1 ano-1 de K2O, cujas doses proporcionam uma lucratividade de 27,75 % e uma redução do custo de produção de 40,54%.The objective of the work was to study the effects of doses of N and K applied through irrigation water, on the number of days between planting and harvesting, yield components (number of hands, number of fruits per hands, number of fruits per bunch, bunch weight per plant and the profitability of the 'Prata-Anã' banana, in the coastal tablelands of Sergipe State. The experiment was carried out in the field at the Sergipe Federal University Experimental Station. A 4² factorial in a randomized block experimental design was used. Treatments were nitrogen (0; 350; 700 e 1050, kg ha-1 of N, as urea and potassium (0; 400; 800 e 1200, kg ha-1 of K2O, as potassium chloride. Nitrogen and potassium deficiencies increased the number of days between planting and harvesting in the first cycle. Maximum yield of 32.56 t ha-1 was associated with 1050 kg ha-1 year-1 of N and 1112kg ha-1 year -1 of K2O. These doses were able to increase net income by 27

  20. Retinite por citomegalovírus em pacientes pediátricos infectados pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana em tratamento com "highly active antiretrovirus therapy" Cytomegalovirus retinitis in pediatric patients with AIDS receiving highly active antiretrovirus therapy

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    Maria Angélica Dimantas

    2004-09-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Descrever uma série de casos de retinite pelo citomegalovírus (CMV, na população pediátrica infectada pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV, em tratamento com inibidores de protease e inibidores da transcriptase reversa (HAART, que apresentaram falência terapêutica e ausência de resposta aos antivirais utilizados no tratamento do CMV. MÉTODOS: Três pacientes pediátricos portadores da síndrome da imunodeficiência humana (AIDS, em tratamento com HAART, foram submetidos a exame oftalmológico em um centro universitário de referência - UNIFESP. RESULTADOS: Os três pacientes do sexo masculino apresentavam média de idade de seis anos (variando entre 10 meses e 13 anos e todos pertenciam à classificação C3 (CDC - Atlanta - EUA 1994. A média obtida entre a contagem de linfócitos CD4+ dos três casos foi de 67 cel/mm³ (variando entre 43 - 98 cel/mm³; e a média da carga viral foi de 190.000 cópias/ml (variando entre 53.600 - 460.000 cópias/ml. Os três pacientes desenvolveram resistência ao uso dos antiretrovirais análogos de nucleosídeos inibidores da transcriptase reversa e aos inibidores de protease (HAART, e em todos os casos foram utilizados antivirais específicos para o tratamento da retinite pelo CMV sem sucesso. CONCLUSÕES: Os benefícios obtidos desde a introdução da era HAART são, sem dúvida, sem precedentes dentro do quadro evolutivo da AIDS. O início da falência terapêutica observado com relação às drogas do HAART tem colaborado de maneira decisiva para o surgimento de casos de retinite pelo CMV tão agressivos quanto os observados na era pré-HAART. O exame de rotina para pacientes pediátricos torna-se fundamental, tanto pela escassez de estudos realizados neste grupo específico, quanto pela importância de seu prognóstico visual.BACKGROUND: To describe three cases of cytomegalovirus retinitis occurring in HIV-infected children taking protease inhibitors combined with transcriptase

  1. Fever of unknown origin (FUO): CMV infectious mononucleosis or lymphoma?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cunha, Burke A; Chawla, Karishma

    2018-04-20

    Fever of unknown origin (FUO) refers to fevers of > 101 °F that persist for > 3 weeks and remain undiagnosed after a focused inpatient or outpatient workup. FUO may be due to infectious, malignant/neoplastic, rheumatic/inflammatory, or miscellaneous disorders. The FUO category determines the focus of the diagnostic workup. In the case presented of an FUO in a young woman, there were clinical findings of both CMV infectious mononucleosis or a lymphoma, e.g., highly elevated ESR, elevated ferritin levels, and elevated ACE level, β-2 microglobulins. The indium scan showed intense splenic uptake. Lymph node biopsy, PET scan, and flow cytometry were negative for lymphoma. CMV infectious mononucleosis was the diagnosis, and she made a slow recovery.

  2. Correlações entre caracteres da planta e do cacho em bananeira (Musa spp Correlations among characters of the plant and of the bunch in banana (Musa spp.

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    Sérgio Luiz Rodrigues Donato

    2006-02-01

    Full Text Available Os caracteres observados em áreas experimentais têm natureza fenotípica e suas correlações são estimadas visando mensurar alterações em um caráter quando se altera outro relacionado. Objetivou-se com este trabalho, quantificar a relação entre os caracteres da planta e do cacho observados na época do florescimento e da colheita de 13 genótipos (variedades e híbridos de bananeira (Musa spp., em dois ciclos de produção, em Guanambi, Bahia. Foram utilizadas as variedades Prata anã, Pacovan (AAB, Grande naine e Nanicão (AAA, e os híbridos PA42-44, PV42-85, PV42-142, PV42-68 e ST12-31 (AAAB e Ambrosia, Calipso, Bucaneiro e FHIA02 (AAAA, selecionados na Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura. Consideraram-se os caracteres: altura da planta; perímetro do pseudocaule; número de folhas vivas no florescimento e na colheita; número de dias do plantio ao florescimento e à colheita; intervalo florescimento à colheita; peso do cacho, da ráquis e da pencas; comprimento e diâmetro do engaço; número de pencas e de frutos; peso da segunda penca; peso, comprimento e diâmetro do fruto e espessura da casca. As correlações entre o peso do cacho e os demais caracteres estudados, variaram entre genótipos e ciclos. As associações entre o peso do cacho e os caracteres da planta, de forma geral foram não-significativas, e entre o peso do cacho e os caracteres do cacho significativas e positivas para a maioria dos genótipos, nos ciclos avaliados. As correlações entre os caracteres envolvendo todos os genótipos ao longo dos dois ciclos foram predominantemente positivas e não- significativas, entretanto, as associações entre os caracteres do cacho foram em maioria significativas, positivas e com valores expressivos.The characters observed in a experimental areas has phenotypic nature and their correlations are estimated with the purpose to verify alterations in one character when is altered another. The objectives of this work were to

  3. Effect of age and latent CMV infection on CD8+ CD56+ T cells (NKT-like) frequency and functionality.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hassouneh, Fakhri; Campos, Carmen; López-Sejas, Nelson; Alonso, Corona; Tarazona, Raquel; Solana, Rafael; Pera, Alejandra

    2016-09-01

    Changes in the T cell pool caused by CMV infection have been proposed to contribute to immunosenescence, but it has been postulated that CMV can also have some beneficial effects in young individuals improving the immune response to other pathogens. T cells expressing CD56 (NKT-like cells) are cytotoxic effector cells with a significant role in the immune response against cancer. We have studied how age and latent CMV infection affect the frequency of NKT-like cells (CD8+ CD56+ T cells) and their response to Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB) in the context of CMV and ageing. NKT-like cell percentage increases with the combination of both CMV and age. The response to SEB and the polyfunctional index of NKT-like cells also increase with age in CMV-seropositive individuals. In young individuals, CMV infection induces a shift on the polyfunctional profile of CD8+ CD56- T cells not observed on the NKT-like cells response. NKT-like cells expressing CD57 are expanded in CMV-seropositive individuals and are more polyfunctional than their CD57-  counterpart. In addition CD57- NKT-like cells are more polyfunctional than CD8+ CD56- CD57- T cells. The results support that the expansion of polyfunctional NKT-cells may have a beneficial effect on the immune response against pathogens. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

  4. Evaluating the feasibility of integrating salivary testing for congenital CMV into the Newborn Hearing Screening Programme in the UK.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kadambari, Seilesh; Luck, Suzanne; Davis, Adrian; Walter, Simone; Agrup, Charlotte; Atkinson, Claire; Stimson, Laura; Williams, Eleri; Berrington, Janet; Griffiths, Paul; Sharland, Mike

    2015-08-01

    Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) accounts for 20% of all childhood sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) but is not routinely tested for at birth. Valganciclovir has been shown to prevent hearing deterioration and improve neurocognitive outcomes if started in the first month of life. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of integrating testing for cCMV using salivary swabs into the Newborn Hearing Screening Programme (NHSP). Parents of newborns newborn hearing screen for further audiological testing, were approached by hearing screeners to obtain a saliva sample for CMV DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Eighty percent (203/255) of newborns who were eligible had a saliva swab taken by the hearing screener. Over 99% of results were delivered within the first month of life. Two newborns were identified with cCMV and both seen on day 10 of life by the paediatric specialist. All saliva samples tested delivered a result using real-time PCR. It is feasible for hearing screeners to obtain saliva swabs to test for CMV DNA using real-time PCR in newborns referred after their initial hearing screen. Rapid diagnostic testing for cCMV needs a more detailed clinical and cost-effectiveness analysis.

  5. The Use of Artificial Neural Networks in Prediction of Congenital CMV Outcome from Sequence Data

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    Ravit Arav-Boger

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available A large number of CMV strains has been reported to circulate in the human population, and the biological significance of these strains is currently an active area of research. The analysis of complex genetic information may be limited using conventional phylogenetic techniques. We constructed artificial neural networks to determine their feasibility in predicting the outcome of congenital CMV disease (defined as presence of CMV symptoms at birth based on two data sets: 54 sequences of CMV gene UL144 obtained from 54 amniotic fluids of women who contracted acute CMV infection during their pregnancy, and 80 sequences of 4 genes (US28, UL144, UL146 and UL147 obtained from urine, saliva or blood of 20 congenitally infected infants that displayed different outcomes at birth. When data from all four genes was used in the 20-infants’ set, the artificial neural network model accurately identified outcome in 90% of cases. While US28 and UL147 had low yield in predicting outcome, UL144 and UL146 predicted outcome in 80% and 85% respectively when used separately. The model identified specific nucleotide positions that were highly relevant to prediction of outcome. The artificial neural network classified genotypes in agreement with classic phylogenetic analysis. We suggest that artificial neural networks can accurately and efficiently analyze sequences obtained from larger cohorts to determine specific outcomes.The ANN training and analysis code is commercially available from Optimal Neural Informatics (Pikesville, MD.

  6. Avaliação agronômica de genótipos de bananeiras em condições subtropicais, Vale do Ribeira, São Paulo - Brasil Agronomic evaluation of banana plants genotypes in subtropical conditions, Vale do Ribeira, São Paulo - Brazil

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    Edson Shigueaki Nomura

    2013-03-01

    Full Text Available Existe grande número de cultivares de bananeira no Brasil, porém quando se consideram aspectos como preferência dos consumidores, produtividade, tolerância às pragas e doenças, porte adequado e resistência à seca e ao frio, restam poucas com potencial agronômico para serem usadas comercialmente. Objetivando avaliar o desenvolvimento vegetativo de genótipos de bananeiras nas condições edafoclimáticas do Vale do Ribeira (Brasil, foram testados os seguintes materiais, separados em dois grupos genômicos: AAAA (Bucaneiro, FHIA 02 e FHIA 17; e AAAB, sendo este subdividido de acordo com a genitora utilizada no melhoramento: Prata (BRS Garantida, FHIA 18, BRS FHIA Maravilha, BRS Platina e PA94-01; Pacovan (BRS Japira, BRS Pacovan Ken, PV79-34, PV94-01 e BRS Vitória; e Yangambi n.2 (BRS Tropical, BRS Princesa e YB42-03. As cultivares Grande Naine (AAA, Pacovan (AAB, Prata-anã (AAB e Yangambi ou Caipira (AAA apresentam desenvolvimento e produção semelhantes aos genótipos avaliados, portanto foram utilizadas como padrão comparativo. Durante dois ciclos, foram avaliadas as seguintes características de desenvolvimento: altura, diâmetro do pseudocaule, número de folhas ativas (florescimento e colheita, intervalo entre plantio e florescimento, e entre plantio e colheita (dias. Calcularam-se os intervalos de confiança (média ± erro-padrão nos diferentes grupos e tipos de banana. Diante dos resultados obtidos conclui-se que os genótipos do grupo AAAB e genitora 'Pacovan' não são adequados para o cultivo na região devido ao porte alto das plantas, e os genótipos de bananeiras que possuem potencial de cultivo na região do Vale do Ribeira são: grupo AAAA (FHIA 02 e FHIA 17; grupo AAAB: genitora 'Prata' (FHIA 18, BRS Garantida e PA94-01 e genitora 'Yangambi n.2' (BRS Tropical, BRS Princesa e Yangambi.There is a large number of banana cultivars in Brazil, but considering consumer preference, productivity, tolerance to pests and

  7. Diplóides (AA de bananeira submetidos ao estresse salino Banana diploids (AA submitted to salt stress

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    Eline Waked Ferreira Gomes

    2004-06-01

    Full Text Available No Nordeste do Brasil a salinização dos solos é um dos fatores limitantes na produção de bananeira. Estudos quanto à tolerância à salinidade em diplóides de bananeira são importantes para programas de melhoramento genético. Esse trabalho objetivou avaliar os efeitos da salinidade utilizando variáveis químicas e de crescimento, e quantificar, mediante padrões isoenzimáticos, a diversidade genética entre seis genótipos diplóides (AA, associando-os à tolerância à salinidade. As plantas foram tratadas durante 21 dias com 0, 50 e 100 mM de NaCl, num delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado. Os diplóides Lidi e Calcuttá apresentaram maiores reduções na área foliar e fortes sintomas de toxidez associados aos maiores acúmulos de Na+ e Cl- no limbo. Os genótipos Borneo e SNº/2 apresentaram discretos sintomas de toxidez e, como o genótipo M-53, demonstraram habilidade de evitar a translocação excessiva de Na+ e Cl- para as folhas preservando o aparelho fotossintético. Nos diplóides SNº/2 e M-53 foi detectada uma banda específica (Po-6 do sistema peroxidase, sob condições de estresse salino. Associando as características isoenzimáticas com as de crescimento, sintomatologia, análise mineral e grau de similaridade genética entre os genótipos, os dendrogramas construídos separam os genótipos mais tolerantes (SNº/2 e M-53 dos mais sensíveis (Lidi e Calcuttá.In the Northeast Region of Brazil, salinization in soils is one of the limiting factors for banana production. Studies regarding tolerance and salt sensitivity in banana diploids are important for genetic breeding programs. This work aimed to evaluate salt stress effects measuring growth and chemicals parameters and to quantify the genetic diversity among six diploids (AA genotypes using isozymic standards relating to salt tolerance. The plants were treated during 21 days under 0, 50 and 100 mM of NaCl in a completely randomized design. The diploids

  8. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Epitope-Specific CD4+ T Cells Are Inflated in HIV+ CMV+ Subjects.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Abana, Chike O; Pilkinton, Mark A; Gaudieri, Silvana; Chopra, Abha; McDonnell, Wyatt J; Wanjalla, Celestine; Barnett, Louise; Gangula, Rama; Hager, Cindy; Jung, Dae K; Engelhardt, Brian G; Jagasia, Madan H; Klenerman, Paul; Phillips, Elizabeth J; Koelle, David M; Kalams, Spyros A; Mallal, Simon A

    2017-11-01

    Select CMV epitopes drive life-long CD8 + T cell memory inflation, but the extent of CD4 memory inflation is poorly studied. CD4 + T cells specific for human CMV (HCMV) are elevated in HIV + HCMV + subjects. To determine whether HCMV epitope-specific CD4 + T cell memory inflation occurs during HIV infection, we used HLA-DR7 (DRB1*07:01) tetramers loaded with the glycoprotein B DYSNTHSTRYV (DYS) epitope to characterize circulating CD4 + T cells in coinfected HLA-DR7 + long-term nonprogressor HIV subjects with undetectable HCMV plasma viremia. DYS-specific CD4 + T cells were inflated among these HIV + subjects compared with those from an HIV - HCMV + HLA-DR7 + cohort or with HLA-DR7-restricted CD4 + T cells from the HIV-coinfected cohort that were specific for epitopes of HCMV phosphoprotein-65, tetanus toxoid precursor, EBV nuclear Ag 2, or HIV gag protein. Inflated DYS-specific CD4 + T cells consisted of effector memory or effector memory-RA + subsets with restricted TCRβ usage and nearly monoclonal CDR3 containing novel conserved amino acids. Expression of this near-monoclonal TCR in a Jurkat cell-transfection system validated fine DYS specificity. Inflated cells were polyfunctional, not senescent, and displayed high ex vivo levels of granzyme B, CX 3 CR1, CD38, or HLA-DR but less often coexpressed CD38 + and HLA-DR + The inflation mechanism did not involve apoptosis suppression, increased proliferation, or HIV gag cross-reactivity. Instead, the findings suggest that intermittent or chronic expression of epitopes, such as DYS, drive inflation of activated CD4 + T cells that home to endothelial cells and have the potential to mediate cytotoxicity and vascular disease. Copyright © 2017 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc.

  9. Screening of congenital CMV infection in saliva of neonates by PCR: report of a pilot screening study in Iran.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fahimzad, Alireza; Afgeh, Seyyed Abolfazl; Eghbali, Elham; Abdinia, Babak; Shiva, Farideh; Rahbar, Mohammad

    2013-01-01

    Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a leading cause of congenital infection in neonates. Most infants with congenital CMV infection are asymptomatic at birth and not diagnosed on routine clinical examination. To identify these at-risk infants early in life, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays are done to screen large populations of newborn infants. We carried out a pilot study to estimate the prevalence of CMV in saliva from newborns by DNA PCR assay. This study was performed from January 2012 to March 2012 at a maternity hospital in the south of Tehran. All newborns aged between 1 to 14 days born at this hospital were enrolled. Saliva specimens from newborns were collected by swabbing the inside of the baby's mouth and stored at -70 degrees C until PCR processing for virus detection. Six-hundred and twenty infants between 1 to 14 days of age were enrolled during the study period of two months. The PCR assay was positive for CMV in 2 newborns [0.3%]. Both of these infants were asymptomatic for congenital CMV at birth and also when followed up at three months and six months of age. Our findings reveal that because of a low yield of positive results, screening for congenital CMV infection would not be cost-effective in Iranian neonates.

  10. Avaliação da atividade antifúngica de extratos de gengibre e eucalipto in vitro e em fibras de bananeira infectadas com Helminthosporium sp = Evaluation of antifungal activity in vitro of ginger and eucalypt extracts on banana fibers infected with Helminthosporium sp

    OpenAIRE

    Edvirgem Rodrigues; Kátia Regina Freitas Schwan-Estrada; José Renato Stangarlin; Maria Eugenia Silva Cruz; Ana Cristina Grade Fiori-Tutida

    2006-01-01

    O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a fungitoxicidade dos extratos brutos aquosos (EBA) de gengibre (Zingiber officinalis) e eucalipto (Corymbia citriodora) sobre o fungo Helminthosporium sp. Este patógeno foi identificado nas fibras do pseudocaule da bananeira, as quais são utilizadas na fabricação de artesanato local. Foram avaliados o crescimento micelial e esporulação do fungo in vitro, além do crescimento da colônia fúngica nas fibras tratadas com os extratos das plantas. As f...

  11. Avaliação de genótipos de bananeira em Goiânia, estado de Goiás Evaluation of banana genotypes in Goiânia, state of Goiás

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    Khaico Henrique Mendonça

    2013-09-01

    Full Text Available No Brasil, 60% da área cultivada com bananeiras são das cultivares Prata, Prata Anã e Pacovan, no entanto, apesar da representatividade e importância destes genótipos, todos são suscetíveis às principais pragas e doenças desta Cultura. O objetivo foi avaliar o crescimento, desenvolvimento e produção de 23 genótipos de bananeiras: Caipira, Calipso, Bucaneiro, FHIA-02, FHIA-17, Thap Maeo, FHIA-01, FHIA-18, PA42-44, PA94-01, ST42-08, PV42-53, PV42-142, e PV79-34, PV94-01, PV42-81, YB42-21, YB42-03, YB42-07 Pacovan, Prata Anã, Maçã e Grand Naine, no município de Goiânia-GO, visando incorporar genótipos aos sistemas de produção comercial na região. O experimento foi conduzido na Embrapa Transferência de Tecnologia - Escritório de Negócios de Goiânia. Adotou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso, com três repetições. As características avaliadas foram: altura da planta, circunferência do pseudocaule, número de folhas vivas na floração e na colheita, ciclo para florescimento e colheita do primeiro cacho, número de pencas por cacho, massa dos frutos, massa do cacho e das pencas, número, comprimento e diâmetro dos frutos. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Scott-Knott a 5%. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho qualificam as cultivares FHIA 17, Tropical, FHIA 01, Grand Naine e Bucaneiro como promissoras para serem incorporadas aos sistemas de produção da região.In Brazil, 60% of the area planted with banana are of the Prata, Prata Anã and Pacovan cultivars, However, despite the importance and representativeness of these genotypes they are all susceptible to the major pests and diseases of this crop. The objective here was to evaluate the growth, development and yield of 23 banana genotypes: Caipira, Calipso, Bucaneiro, FHIA-02, FHIA-17, Thap Maeo, FHIA-01, FHIA-18, PA42-44, PA94-01, ST42 -08, PV42-53, PV42-142-34 and PV79, PV94-01, PV42-81, YB42

  12. Antibodies to early EBV, CMV, and HHV6 antigens in systemic lupus erythematosus patients

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Rasmussen, N S; Draborg, A H; Nielsen, C T

    2015-01-01

    OBJECTIVES: We investigated the antibody levels against early antigens of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and human herpesvirus 6 (HHV6) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and healthy controls, and further correlated these antibodies to haematology/biochemistry, serol......OBJECTIVES: We investigated the antibody levels against early antigens of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and human herpesvirus 6 (HHV6) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and healthy controls, and further correlated these antibodies to haematology...

  13. Fertirrigação da bananeira cv. Prata-Anã com N e K em um argissolo vermelho-amarelo Fertigation of banana cv Prata Anã with N and K in an ultisol

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Valbério Paolilo dos Santos

    2009-06-01

    Full Text Available O Nordeste brasileiro é a principal região produtora de banana, responsável por cerca de 35,80% da produção nacional. Apesar das condições favoráveis ao seu cultivo, a produtividade tem sido muito abaixo do seu potencial. Geralmente, isso se deve a problemas de suprimento hídrico e nutricional. Dentre os nutrientes, o nitrogênio (N e o potássio (K são requeridos em maiores quantidades pela bananeira. Com o objetivo de estudar o efeito de quatro doses de N (0; 117; 235 e 352 kg ha-1 de N e de K (0; 157; 313 e 470 kg ha-1 de K2O, aplicados via fertirrigação, avaliaram-se características produtivas de um 2º ciclo de cultivo da banana cv. Prata-Anã, em um Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo dos tabuleiros costeiros do Nordeste brasileiro. O N não influenciou na produção de banana, enquanto a resposta ao K foi linear. O nível crítico de K pelo Mehlich-1, na profundidade de 0,20- 0,40 m, foi 0,71 mmol c kg-1.The Brazilian Northeast is the main producing area, being responsible for about 35,80% of banana's national production. In spite of the favorable conditions to its cultivation, the average national yield has been a lot below its potential, due mainly to water and nutrients supply. Among all nutrients, nitrogen (N and potassium (K are the ones required in larger amounts by the banana. With the objective of studying the effect of four rates of N (0, 117, 235 and 352 kg ha-1 of N, and of four rates K (0, 157, 313 and 470 kg ha-1 of K2O applied by fertirrigation in the 2º cycle of cultivation of the cv. Prata Anã, data was collected in an factorial experiment in randomized blocks, in an Ultisol of the coastal tableland, of the northeast of Brazil. There was not response to N but a linear one was observed for K. Soil K by Mehlich-1 critical level at 0,20- 0,40 m was 0,71 mmol c kg-1.

  14. [The diagnostic value of anti-CMV and anti-HPV-B19 antiviral antibodies in studies on causes of recurrent abortions].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Szkaradkiewicz, A; Pieta, P; Tułecka, T; Breborowicz, G; Słomko, Z; Strzyzowski, P

    1997-04-01

    Presence of serum anti-cytomegalovirus (CMV) and anti-parvovirus B19 (HPV-B19) antibodies was studied in 11 women within the first day after consecutive spontaneous abortion in the second trimester of pregnancy and in the control group, consisting of 15 women in the second trimester of a normal pregnancy. Most of studied women manifested presence of serum IgG class anti-CMV antibodies (IgG-anti-CMV) and levels of the antibodies proved significantly higher in women following spontaneous abortions. The patients frequently demonstrated in parallel presence of serum IgG class anti-HPV-B19 antibodies. In one patient a generalised nonimmunological hydrops fetalis was disclosed and her serum contained IgM and IgG class antibodies against CMV as well as against HPV-B19. The results suggest that in majority of the studied women the spontaneous abortion might have resulted from fetal infection due to reactivation of chronic CMV infection in the course of pregnancy.

  15. First estimates of the potential cost and cost saving of protecting childhood hearing from damage caused by congenital CMV infection.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Williams, Eleri J; Gray, Joanne; Luck, Suzanne; Atkinson, Claire; Embleton, Nicholas D; Kadambari, Seilesh; Davis, Adrian; Griffiths, Paul; Sharland, Mike; Berrington, Janet E; Clark, Julia E

    2015-11-01

    Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) is an important cause of childhood deafness, which is modifiable if diagnosed within the first month of life. Targeted screening of infants who do not pass their newborn hearing screening tests in England is a feasible approach to identify and treat cases to improve hearing outcome. To conduct a cost analysis of targeted screening and subsequent treatment for cCMV-related sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in an, otherwise, asymptomatic infant, from the perspective of the UK National Health Service (NHS). Using data from the newborn hearing screening programme (NHSP) in England and a recent study of targeted screening for cCMV using salivary swabs within the NHSP, we estimate the cost (in UK pounds (£)) to the NHS. The cost of screening (time, swabs and PCR), assessing, treating and following up cases is calculated. The cost per case of preventing hearing deterioration secondary to cCMV with targeted screening is calculated. The cost of identifying, assessing and treating a case of cCMV-related SNHL through targeted cCMV screening is estimated to be £6683. The cost of improving hearing outcome for an infant with cCMV-related SNHL through targeted screening and treatment is estimated at £14 202. The costs of targeted screening for cCMV using salivary swabs integrated within NHSP resulted in an estimate of cost per case that compares favourably with other screening programmes. This could be used in future studies to estimate the full economic value in terms of incremental costs and incremental health benefits. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.

  16. Definição do posicionamento de sensores para monitoramento da água no solo em bananeira irrigada por diferentes sistemas de irrigação localizada Sensor placement for soil water monitoring in banana crop irrigated by drip irrigation systens

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eugênio F. Coelho

    2010-08-01

    Full Text Available O uso eficiente da água na irrigação localizada dependerá, além de outros fatores, também do correto monitoramento da água no solo. Portanto, este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar as zonas efetivas de comprimento de raízes e de extração de água, bem como indicar o correto posicionamento de sensores de água no solo para o manejo da irrigação por gotejamento na bananeira em fase de produção. No experimento, conduzido na Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura Tropical, foram estudados diferentes sistemas de irrigação localizada, diante dos seguintes tratamentos: T1 - dois emissores de 4 L h-1 por planta em uma lateral por fileira de plantas; T2 - quatro emissores de 4 L h-1 por planta em uma lateral por fileira de plantas; T3 - cinco emissores de 4 L h-1 por planta em faixa contínua com uma lateral por fileira. Pelos resultados obtidos, pode-se observar que as regiões mais adequadas para a instalação de sensores de umidade no solo nos tratamentos T1, T2 e T3 são as limitadas pelas distâncias e profundidades de 0,2 m e 0,4 m; 0,5 m e 0,35 m; 0,55 m e 0,35 m, respectivamente.The efficient use of water for drip irrigation will depend, among other factors, the correct monitoring of water in the soil profile. This work aimed to characterize root zones of effective root length and effective root water uptake and also to indicate the correct sensors location in the soil profile for drip irrigation management in banana crop during the production stage of the first cycle. The experiment was carried out at the Embrapa Cassava & Tropical Fruits, under different systems: T1 - one lateral per plant row with two 4 L h-1 emitters per plant; T2 - one lateral per plant row with four 4 L h-1 emitters per plant; T3 - one lateral per plant row as line source, with five 4 L h-1 emitters per plant. The results showed that the more appropriate regions for soil water sensor placement in treatments T1, T2 and T3, should correspond to zones limited

  17. Ganhos de eficiência fertilizante em bananeira sob irrigação e fertirrigação Enhancing nutrient use efficiency in banana due to irrigation and fertigation

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luiz Antonio Junqueira Teixeira

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available O aumento da eficiência fertilizante tem sido cada vez mais almejado nas boas práticas de manejo da adubação de culturas, não somente buscando reduzir custos de produção, mas também reduzir possíveis impactos ambientais. Com o objetivo de avaliar a eficiência dos fertilizantes nitrogenados e potássicos no cultivo da bananeira, foram realizados dois experimentos de campo com a cultivar 'Nanicão' (Musa AAA, subgrupo Cavendish, no Planalto do Estado de São Paulo, durante quatro ciclos de produção. Esta região caracteriza-se por estação chuvosa no verão e seca no inverno. No primeiro experimento, avaliou-se a eficiência da aplicação das doses de N: 0; 200; 400 e 800 kg ha-1 e de K: 0; 300; 600 e 900 kg ha-1 de K2O, em sistema de cultivo irrigado, comparado ao de sequeiro. No segundo experimento, estudou-se a eficiência da adubação com N e K aplicada por fertirrigação e de modo convencional via solo. Nos dois experimentos, a irrigação e a fertirrigação foram feitas por microaspersão, empregando-se como fontes de N e de K nitrato de amônio e cloreto de potássio, respectivamente. A eficiência dos fertilizantes foi estimada pela relação entre a massa dos frutos produzidos por unidade de nutriente aplicado. Para a média das doses empregadas e dos ciclos de produção, observou-se que a irrigação incrementou a eficiência da adubação em relação ao sequeiro, em aproximadamente 36 % e 32 %, respectivamente, para nitrogênio e potássio. A aplicação de nitrogênio e potássio via fertirrigação promoveu aumento de 36 % na eficiência fertilizante em relação à adubação sólida convencional, via solo. Incrementos na eficiência dos fertilizantes decorrentes da irrigação e da fertirrigação possibilitaram diminuir os gastos com o uso destes insumos.The best nutritional practices aim to increase nutrient use efficiency in order to reduce production costs and environmental impacts. In order to evaluate

  18. Avaliação de genótipos de bananeira à Colletotrichum musae em pós-colheita Evaluation of genotypes of banana to Colletotrichum musae in postharvest

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Danilo Batista Pinho

    2010-09-01

    Full Text Available Alguns hibridos tetraploides apresentam resistência à antracnose, porém são reduzidas as informações sobre os níveis de resistência desses genótipos e o comportamento dos mesmos no Brasil. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a incidência e a severidade de antracnose sobre o comportamento de diferentes genótipos de bananeiras resistentes a Sigatoka-Negra em função de diferentes concentrações de conídios de Colletotrichum musae em diferentes épocas de avaliação. Os frutos colhidos no estádio de maturação fisiológica dos genótipos, Thap Maeo, Caipira, Pacovan Ken, Ambrosia, PV 42-53, PA 42-44, FHIA 01, FHIA 18 e a cultivar Prata-Anã utilizada como testemunha. Buquês contendo três frutos foram atomizados com diferentes concentrações (0; 10²; 10³; 10(4; 10(5 e 10(6 conídios/mL de C. musae. Os frutos foram incubados a 25 ºC. A incidência e severidade da antracnose foi avaliada aos 3; 6; 9 e 12 dias após a inoculação. Foi utilizado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 9x6x4 (genótipos, concentrações de esporos e épocas de avaliação, com quatro repetições, contendo quatro buquês de três frutos. Aos doze dias de avaliação, todos os frutos de todos os genótipos estudados apresentaram incidência de C. musae quando inoculados com as diferentes concentrações de inóculo. A cultivar Thap Maeo apresentou a menor severidade (27,5% de antracnose, enquanto os genótipos Ambrosia, PV 42-53, FHIA 18 e FHIA 01 foram as mais suscetíveis à antracnose com 64%, 64%, 61,33% e 58% de severidade, respectivamente.Some tetraploides hybrids present resistance to anthracnose, however the information on the levels of resistance of these genotypes and the behavior in Brazil are reduced. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and severity of injury on the behavior of different banana genotypes resistant to Black Sigatoka for different concentrations of conidia of Colletotrichum

  19. A Significant Increase of RNAi Efficiency in Human Cells by the CMV Enhancer with a tRNAlys Promoter

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ma Weiwei

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available RNA interference (RNAi is the process of mRNA degradation induced by double-stranded RNA in a sequence-specific manner. Different types of promoters, such as U6, H1, tRNA, and CMV, have been used to control the inhibitory effect of RNAi expression vectors. In the present study, we constructed two shRNA expression vectors, respectively, controlled by tRNAlys and CMV enhancer-tRNAlys promoters. Compared to the vectors with tRNAlys or U6 promoter, the vector with a CMV enhancer-tRNAlys promoter silenced pokemon more efficiently on both the mRNA and the protein levels. Meanwhile, the silencing of pokemon inhibited the proliferation of MCF7 cells, but the induction of apoptosis of MCF7 cells was not observed. We conclude that the CMV enhancer-tRNAlys promoter may be a powerful tool in driving intracellular expression of shRNA which can efficiently silence targeted gene.

  20. A Significant Increase of RNAi Efficiency in Human Cells by the CMV Enhancer with a tRNAlys Promoter

    Science.gov (United States)

    Weiwei, Ma; Zhenhua, Xie; Feng, Liu; Hang, Ning; Yuyang, Jiang

    2009-01-01

    RNA interference (RNAi) is the process of mRNA degradation induced by double-stranded RNA in a sequence-specific manner. Different types of promoters, such as U6, H1, tRNA, and CMV, have been used to control the inhibitory effect of RNAi expression vectors. In the present study, we constructed two shRNA expression vectors, respectively, controlled by tRNAlys and CMV enhancer-tRNAlys promoters. Compared to the vectors with tRNAlys or U6 promoter, the vector with a CMV enhancer-tRNAlys promoter silenced pokemon more efficiently on both the mRNA and the protein levels. Meanwhile, the silencing of pokemon inhibited the proliferation of MCF7 cells, but the induction of apoptosis of MCF7 cells was not observed. We conclude that the CMV enhancer-tRNAlys promoter may be a powerful tool in driving intracellular expression of shRNA which can efficiently silence targeted gene. PMID:19859553

  1. Desenvolvimento e produção de frutos de bananeira em resposta à adubação nitrogenada e potássica Development and production of fruits of banana plant as a response to nitrogen and potassium fertilization

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    EDILSON CARVALHO BRASIL

    2000-12-01

    Full Text Available Avaliou-se o efeito da adubação nitrogenada e potássica no desenvolvimento e produção da bananeira (Musa spp., cultivar Pioneira, em experimento conduzido no Município de Capitão Poço, PA, em Latossolo Amarelo, utilizando-se o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados. Os tratamentos foram: 0, 80, 160 e 240 g de N/planta/ano e 0, 150, 300 e 450 g de K2O/planta/ano. Como fontes de nutrientes, utilizaram-se uréia e cloreto de potássio. Os resultados de crescimento, até 240 dias do plantio, indicaram que apenas o N influenciou a circunferência do pseudocaule e a altura de planta, verificando-se que o modelo quadrático ajustou-se melhor a todas as variáveis avaliadas. No segundo ciclo de produção, a adição de K promoveu efeito quadrático no peso de cacho, peso de penca por cacho e peso médio de penca, com incrementos de 73, 76 e 39%, respectivamente, em relação à ausência de K. A aplicação de N promoveu aumento linear no peso de cacho e de pencas por cacho, com aumentos máximos de 32 e 30%, respectivamente, em relação a ausência do nutriente. No terceiro ciclo de produção, apenas o K influenciou no peso de cacho, peso de penca por cacho e peso médio de penca, com aumentos de 39, 40 e 26%, respectivamente.The effect of the N and K fertilization on the development and production of the banana plant (Musa spp., cv. Pioneira, was evaluated in an experiment carried out in Capitão Poço county, Pará State, Brazil, in a Yellow Latosol, using a randomized blocks design, in factorial arrangement of 4x4. The treatments were: 0, 80, 160 and 240 g of N per plant per year; 0, 150, 300 and 450 g of K2O per plant per year. Urea and potassium chloride were used as nutrient sources. The results of plant growth showed that there was effect of N on circumference of pseudostem and plant height. The quadratic model was better adjusted to all the variables. The results of production of the second cycle indicated that K increased

  2. New Sources of Tobamoviruses, CMV and Bacterial Spot Resistance in Pepper

    OpenAIRE

    Stoimenova, Elisaveta; Mitrev, Sasa; Bogatzevska, Nevena

    2005-01-01

    The pepper cultivars Zlaten medal, Alfi and Zalfi, the six Macedonian pepper accessions and the five Bulgarian lines have been screening for the resistance to cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), tobamoviruses and Xanthomonas vesicatoria pepper - tomato pathotype (XvPT).

  3. Initial cytomegalovirus prophylaxis with ganciclovir : no guarantee for prevention of late serious manifestations of CMV after solid organ transplantation

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Zandberg, M; de Maar, EF; Hofker, HS; van der Heide, JJH; Rosati, S; van Son, WJ

    2005-01-01

    A 37-year-old woman presented with malaise, upper abdominal pain and fever seven months after renal transplantation. She was seronegative for cytomegalovirus (CMV) and had received a kidney from a seropositive donor. She had received CMV prophylaxis (oral ganciclovir) for three months after

  4. Chiron Vision files FDA application to market intraocular implant for CMV retinitis. Food and Drug Administration.

    Science.gov (United States)

    1995-07-01

    Chiron Corporation and Hoffman-LaRoche announced a filing of a New Drug Application with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to market Vitrasert, its intraocular implant which delivers ganciclovir directly to the eye for treatment of CMV retinitis. Clinical trials show that Vitrasert offers a clinical improvement versus intravenous ganciclovir in further delaying progression of CMV retinitis in the treated eye. One study reported that the median time to progression of CMV retinitis was 186 days for eyes receiving Vitrasert compared to 72 days for eyes receiving intravenous ganciclovir therapy. Chiron's intraocular implant contains ganciclovir embedded in a polymer-based system that slowly releases the drug into the eye for up to eight months. Two additional trials are underway. For further information contact the Professional Services Group at Chiron Corporation at (800) 244-7668, select 2.

  5. A rare complication of CMV infection in Crohn's disease - hemophagocytic syndrome: a case report.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pop, Corina Silvia; Becheanu, Gabriel; Calagiu, Dorina; Jantea, Petruţa-Violeta; Rădulescu, Dragoş Mihai; Pariza, George; Mavrodin, Carmen-Iuliana; Bold, Adriana; Costache, Adrian; Nemeş, Roxana Maria

    2015-01-01

    We report a case of CMV (cytomegalovirus) infection in a Crohn's disease patient, resulting in severe hemophagocytic syndrome and death. A 63-year-old man with a 10-year history of ileal and colonic Crohn's disease presented with general malaise, loss of appetite and weight loss over the last month. He was in clinical remission for two years, with maintenance therapy 5-Aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA)-derived Mesalamine. The patient had no prior immunomodulators or suppressive treatment. A colonoscopy was performed and we found appearance suggestive of active Crohn's disease, confirmed by histopathological examination. A diagnosis of an exacerbation of Crohn's disease was established. Although the specific treatment was initiated, patient's general condition degraded progressively and diarrheal stools appeared, followed by an episode of massive gastrointestinal bleeding - hematochezia. We performed a new colonoscopy and the pathological examination revealed Crohn's ileocolitis with superimposed CMV infection. Despite the initiation of Ganciclovir alongside with other intensive care measures, he increasingly deteriorated and chest X-ray confirmed multilobar pneumonia. The occurrence of rapidly progressing pancytopenia and evidence for disseminated intravascular coagulopathy as well as hyperferritinemia, raised the suspicion of hemophagocytic syndrome confirmed by bone marrow aspiration. Hence, CMV-associated hemophagocytic syndrome in the context of recent corticotherapy for Crohn's disease was established. There is enough evidence that supports the gravity of the CMV infection in the case of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients, especially the ones on immunomodulator treatment. The hemophagocytic syndrome reactively occurs in patients with infections in cases of immunodeficiency, displaying a hematological aspect of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.

  6. Significance of Epstein-Barr virus (HHV-4 and CMV (HHV-5 infection among subtype-C human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    J Sachithanandham

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Purpose: Opportunistic viral infections are one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in HIV infection and their molecular detection in the whole blood could be a useful diagnostic tool. Objective: The frequency of opportunistic DNA virus infections among HIV-1-infected individuals using multiplex real-time PCR assays was studied. Materials and Methods: The subjects were in two groups; group 1: Having CD4 counts 350 cells/µl (n = 173. Individuals were classified by WHO clinical staging system. Samples from 70 healthy individuals were tested as controls. In-house qualitative multiplex real-time PCR was standardised and whole blood samples from 291 were tested, followed by quantitative real-time PCR for positives. In a proportion of samples genotypes of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV and CMV were determined. Results: The two major viral infections observed were EBV and CMV. The univariate analysis of CMV load showed significant association with cryptococcal meningitis, oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL, CMV retinitis, CD4 counts and WHO staging (P < 0.05 while the multivariate analysis showed an association with OHL (P = 0.02 and WHO staging (P = 0.05. Univariate analysis showed an association of EBV load with CD4 counts and WHO staging (P < 0.05 and multivariate analysis had association only with CD4 counts. The CMV load was significantly associated with elevated SGPT and SGOT level (P < 0.05 while the EBV had only with SGOT. Conclusion: This study showed an association of EBV and CMV load with CD4+ T cell counts, WHO staging and elevated liver enzymes. These viral infections can accelerate HIV disease and multiplex real-time PCR can be used for the early detection. Genotype 1 and 2 of EBV and genotype gB1 and gB2 of CMV were the prevalent in the HIV-1 subtype C-infected south Indians.

  7. Cytotect®CP as salvage therapy in patients with CMV infection following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: a multicenter retrospective study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Alsuliman, Tamim; Kitel, Caroline; Dulery, Rémy; Guillaume, Thierry; Larosa, Fabrice; Cornillon, Jérôme; Labussière-Wallet, Helene; Médiavilla, Clémence; Belaiche, Stéphanie; Delage, Jeremy; Alain, Sophie; Yakoub-Agha, Ibrahim

    2018-04-13

    Cytomegalovirus is one of the main contributing factors to high mortality rates in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). The main factors of treatment failure are both drug resistance and intolerance. In some cases, Cytotect®CP CMV-hyperimmune globulin is used as salvage therapy. This study aims to investigate the safety and efficacy of Cytotect®CP as a salvage therapy in patients with CMV infection after allo-HCT. Twenty-three consecutive patients received Cytotect®CP for CMV infection after prior CMV therapy. At the time of Cytotect®CP introduction, 17 patients (74%) had developed acute GVHD and 15 patients (64%) were receiving steroid treatment; Cytotect®CP was used as monotherapy (n = 7) and in combination (n = 16). Overall, response was observed in 18 patients (78%) with a median time of 15 days (range: 3-51). Of the 18 responders, 4 experienced CMV reactivation, while 5 responders died within 100 days of beginning treatment. Of these 5 deaths, 4 were due to causes unrelated to CMV. Estimated 100-day OS from the introduction of Cytotect®CP was 69.6%. No statistically significant difference was observed in 100-day OS between responders and non-responders (73.7% vs 50.0%, p = 0.258). Cytotect®CP as salvage therapy is effective and well-tolerated. Given its safety profile, early treatment use should be considered.

  8. CMV infection associated with severe lung involvement and persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) in two preterm twin neonates.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Manzoni, Paolo; Vivalda, Mauro; Mostert, Michael; Priolo, Claudio; Galletto, Paolo; Gallo, Elena; Stronati, Mauro; Gili, Renata; Opramolla, Anna; Calabrese, Sara; Tavella, Elena; Luparia, Martina; Farina, Daniele

    2014-09-01

    The diagnosis of congenital CMV is usually guided by a number of specific symptoms and findings. Unusual presentations may occur and diagnosis is challenging due to uncommon or rare features. Here we report the case of two preterm, extremely low birthweight, 28-week gestational age old twin neonates with CMV infection associated with severe lung involvement and persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN). They were born to a HIV-positive mother, hence they underwent treatment with zidovudine since birth. Both infants featured severe refractory hypoxemia, requiring high-frequency ventilation, inhaled nitric oxide and inotropic support, with full recovery after 2 months. Treatment with ganciclovir was not feasible due the concomitant treatment with zidovudine and the risk of severe, fatal toxicity. Therefore administration of intravenous hyperimmune anti-CMV immunoglobulin therapy was initiated. Severe lung involvement at birth and subsequent pulmonary hypertension are rarely described in preterm infants as early manifestations of CMV congenital disease. In the two twin siblings here described, the extreme prematurity and the treatment with zidovudine likely worsened immunosuppression and ultimately required a complex management of the CMV-associated lung involvement. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

  9. Avaliação de banana-passa obtida de frutos de diferentes genótipos de bananeira Evaluation of dehydrated banana obtained from fruits of different genotypes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sandra Cerqueira de Jesus

    2005-06-01

    Full Text Available A industrialização pode ser uma opção para o aproveitamento de excedentes de produção e de frutos com aparência comprometida para consumo in natura, ao proporcionar aumento da vida-de-prateleira e agregação de valor ao produto. Frutos de diferentes variedades de bananeira (Musa spp., obtidas em programas de melhoramento genético, podem apresentar características diferenciadas no que se refere à adequação à determinada forma de processamento. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o produto banana-passa, obtido a partir de frutos de diferentes genótipos de bananeira. Os genótipos avaliados foram: Caipira; Nanica; Pacovan e seus híbridos PV03-44 e PV03-76; Prata Anã e seus híbridos FHIA-18, Pioneira e Prata Graúda. O processamento da banana-passa incluiu a aplicação de tratamento antioxidante, com ácido ascórbico (0,25% e ácido cítrico (0,30%, e desidratação osmótica, com sacarose (40%, a 70°C. A desidratação foi completada em secador de cabine com circulação forçada de ar. Os produtos obtidos foram avaliados quanto aos aspectos físicos, físico-químicos, químicos e sensoriais. O maior rendimento de produção foi obtido pela cultivar Pacovan. As bananas-passa tiveram boa aceitação sensorial, com médias superiores a 6 (gostei ligeiramente para os atributos aparência, cor, aroma, sabor e textura. A Pioneira foi o genótipo com maior aceitação sensorial.Industrialization can be a good option for using production surplus and fruits with poor appearance for in natura consumption, because of its capacity to extend shelf life and to aggregate value to the product. Fruits from different banana (Musa spp. varieties obtained from breeding programs may have differentiated characteristics regarding their adaptation to a certain fruit processing. The objective of this work was to evaluate the dehydrated banana product obtained from fruits of different genotypes. The genotypes used were: Caipira; Nanica; Pacovan and

  10. Antenatal interventions for preventing the transmission of cytomegalovirus (CMV) from the mother to fetus during pregnancy and adverse outcomes in the congenitally infected infant.

    LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

    McCarthy, Fergus P

    2012-01-31

    BACKGROUND: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a herpesvirus and the most common cause of congenital infection in developed countries. Congenital CMV infection can have devastating consequences to the fetus. The high incidence and the serious morbidity associated with congenital CMV infection emphasise the need for effective interventions to prevent the antenatal transmission of CMV infection. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this review was to assess the benefits and harms of interventions used during pregnancy to prevent mother to fetus transmission of CMV infection. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group\\'s Trials Register (31 December 2010). SELECTION CRITERIA: All randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi RCTs investigating antenatal interventions for preventing the transmission of CMV from the mother to fetus during pregnancy and adverse outcomes in the congenitally infected infant. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two review authors independently assessed studies for inclusion. MAIN RESULTS: We identified six studies from the search. None of these studies met the pre-defined criteria for inclusion in this review. AUTHORS\\' CONCLUSIONS: To date, no RCTs are available that examine antenatal interventions for preventing the transmission of CMV from the infected mother to fetus during pregnancy and adverse outcomes in the congenitally infected infant. Further research is needed to assess the efficacy of interventions aimed at preventing the transmission of CMV from the mother to fetus during pregnancy including a long-term follow-up of exposed infants and a cost effective analysis.

  11. Efficacy of two pheromones in the capture of adults of cosmopolites sordidus germar

    OpenAIRE

    Ventura, Lúcia; Santos, Ana; Cabrera, Raimundo; Lopes, David Horta; Mexia, António

    2012-01-01

    O objectivo do ensaio consistiu em avaliar a eficácia de 2 feromonas (cosmoplus e sordidina), em armadilhas Cosmotrak, no combate à praga da bananeira, Cosmopolites sordidus Germar, na Ilha Terceira, Açores. As armadilhas Cosmotrack, com as 2 feromonas, foram dispostas em linha, distanciadas entre si 20 metros. A feromona cosmoplus evidenciou maior eficácia do que a feromona sordidina, superando em 41% as capturas registadas pela feromona sordidina. The objective of the survey was to evalu...

  12. Teores de macronutrientes em folhas de bananeira CV. Pacovan Apodi, sob lâminas de irrigação e doses de potássio Macronutrient composition in banana leaves CV. Pacovan Apodi, under irrigation levels and potasvsium doses

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    Andréia de A. F. Barroso

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available Por meio da análise química da folha, é possível avaliar o estado nutricional da planta, em que os resultados obtidos são comparados a padrões (correlação entre a concentração do nutriente nas folhas e o desenvolvimento da cultura. Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, avaliar as concentrações de macronutrientes nas folhas de bananeira sob lâminas de irrigação e doses de potássio na chapada do Apodi, Ceará. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, com arranjo em parcelas subdivididas, com três repetições. Foram empregadas cinco lâminas de irrigação (na parcela: 50%, 75%, 100%, 125% e 150% da ETc do lisímetro e quatro doses de potássio (na subparcela: 0%, 60%, 140% e 200% de K2O (recomendada pela análise do solo. As variáveis analisadas foram: N, P, K, Ca, Mg e S. Através do software "SAEG 9.0-UFV", os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e, posteriormente, quando significativo pelo teste F, a 5% de probabilidade, à análise de regressão. As lâminas de irrigação influenciaram significativamente (pThrough chemical analysis on the sheet, it is possible to assess the nutritional status of the plant, where the results are compared to standards (correlation between the concentration in the leaves and the development of the culture. The objective of this study was to evaluate the levels of nutrients in banana leaves under irrigation levels and potassium levels in Apodi plateau, Ceará. It was used a randomized block design with split plot arrangement with three replications. It was used five irrigation levels (in the plot: 50%, 75%, 100%, 125% and 150% of the lysimeter ETc and four doses of potassium (in the subplot: 0%, 60%, 140% and 200% of K2O (recommended by soil analysis. The variables analyzed were: N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S. Through the software "SAEG 9.0-UFV" the data were subjected to analysis of variance and then when significant by the F test at 5% probability, to the regression

  13. Screening of Turkish Melon Accessions for Resistance to ZYMV, WMV and CMV

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    Ercan EKBIC

    2010-03-01

    Full Text Available In the Çukurova University Department of Horticulture more than 350 melon accessions were collected from different ecological parts of Turkey which is located on the secondary genetic diversification center of this crop, and their characterization studies are near completion. Furthermore, evaluation studies of these materials have started. In the present study 67 melon accessions, sampled from this germplasm, were tested for resistance to zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV, Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV and watermelon mosaic virus (WMV. After resistance tests made by mechanical inoculation, four accessions (‘CU 100’, ‘CU 287’, ‘CU 305’ and ‘CU 328’ were found resistant to ZYMV and three accessions (‘CU 305’, ‘C 264’, and ‘C 276’ to WMV. No resistant genotype was found to CMV.

  14. Epidemiology of Toxoplasma and CMV serology and of GBS colonization in pregnancy and neonatal outcome in a Sicilian population.

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    Puccio, Giuseppe; Cajozzo, Cinzia; Canduscio, Laura Antonella; Cino, Lucia; Romano, Amelia; Schimmenti, Maria Gabriella; Giuffrè, Mario; Corsello, Giovanni

    2014-02-22

    Aim of our study is to analyze the immunological status in pregnancy for two main TORCH agents, Toxoplasma and Cytomegalovirus (CMV), and the results of group B streptococcus (GBS) screening, assessing the risk for congenital infection in a population from Palermo, Italy. We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of all inborn live newborns who were born in our division during 2012, gathering information about the mother, the pregnancy and neonatal hospitalization at birth. Whenever data were available, we categorized the serologic status of the mothers for Toxoplasma and CMV. We also considered the results of rectal and vaginal swabs for GBS. We compared the results in Italian and immigrant mothers. The neonatal outcome was evaluated in all cases at risk. Prevalence of anti-Toxo IgG antibodies was 17.97%, and was significantly higher in immigrant women (30% vs 16.4% in Italian women; p = 0.0008). Prevalence of anti-CMV IgG antibodies was 65.87%. Again, it was significantly higher in immigrant women (91.4% vs 62.5%, p = 3.31e-08). We compared those data with a previous study performed in our hospital in 2005-2006, and found that the prevalence of anti-Toxoplasma and anti-CMV antibodies in our population has remained stable, both in the immigrant and in the local population. Seroconversion rates and neonatal infections were rare: no seroconversions were observed for Toxoplasma, 4 seroconversions for CMV. One neonatal Toxoplasma infection and two neonatal CMV infections were documented. In some cases with dubious patterns or probable persistence of IgM, we performed additional tests and follow-up. Vaginal and rectal swabs were positive for GBS in 7.98% of cases, with no significant difference between the Italian and the immigrant population. No GBS neonatal sepsis was documented. The prevalence of Toxoplasma IgG antibodies in pregnant women was low in our population, if compared with European countries and with other parts of Italy, and is significantly

  15. Reação de clones de bananeira(Musa spp. ao nematóide Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919 Chitwood, 1949, Raça 2

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    Vilas Boas Lenisa Cezar

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available O trabalho teve por objetivo estudar em condições de casa de vegetação a reação de clones de bananeira, em relação a Meloidogyne incognita raça 2. Mudas micropropagadas foram inoculadas, utilizando-se da suspensão de M. incognita, formada de ovos e de juvenis do segundo estádio, totalizando 20.000 / muda. A inoculação foi feita após cinco dias do transplante das mudas para sacos de plástico preto de cinco litros de capacidade, contendo solo, areia e esterco, na proporção 3:1:1, esterilizado em caldeira a 100ºC, por duas horas. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições. Após 120 dias, os clones foram avaliados. Determinou-se o número de ovos e juvenis contido no sistema radicular, sendo utilizado o clone CPA-34, a cultivar Grande Naine, como padrão de suscetibilidade. Amostras de 200 cm³ de solo foram coletadas para a determinação do número de nematóides no solo. De acordo com os fatores de reprodução (Pf/Pi, verificou-se que o clone CPA-34 apresentou-se suscetível ao nematóide, como era esperado, com o maior fator de reprodução, seguido do clone CPA-49, da cultivar Maçã, com índice superior a um. Os demais clones testados apresentaram fator de reprodução menor que um, indicando certa resistência ao nematóide M. incognita raça 2. Entretanto, nas análises estatísticas, foram verificadas diferenças significativas entre o clone-padrão CPA-34, quando comparado com os clones CPA-58 e CPA-54. Para os resultados de peso de raízes e peso da parte aérea, a diferença foi significativa (1% para todos os clones testados, apresentando os maiores valores para os clones não inoculados.

  16. Hearing impairment in children with congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection based on distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) and brain evoked response audiometry stimulus click (BERA Click) examinations

    Science.gov (United States)

    Airlangga, T. J.; Mangunatmadja, I.; Prihartono, J.; Zizlavsky, S.

    2017-08-01

    Congenital cytomegalovirus (congenital CMV) infection is a leading factor of nongenetic sensorineural hearing loss in children. Hearing loss caused by CMV infection does not have a pathognomonic configuration hence further research is needed. The development of knowledge on hearing loss caused by congenital CMV infection is progressing in many countries. Due to a lack of research in the context of Indonesia, this study assesses hearing impairment in children with congenital CMV infection in Indonesia, more specifically in the Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Our objective was to profile hearing impairment in children 0-5 years of age with congenital CMV infection using Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAE) and Brain Evoked Response Audiometry Stimulus Click (BERA Click) examinations. This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Cipto Mangunkusum Hospital from November, 2015 to May 2016 with 27 children 0-5 years of age with congenital CMV infection. Of individual ears studied, 58.0% exhibited sensorineural hearing loss. There was a significant relationship between developmental delay and incidence of sensorineural hearing loss. Subjects with a developmental delay were 6.57 times more likely (CI 95%; 1.88-22.87) to experience sensorineural hearing loss. Congenital CMV infection has an important role in causing sensorineural hearing loss in children.

  17. Crescimento, trocas gasosas e potencial osmótico da bananeira-'Prata', submetida a diferentes doses de sódio e cálcio em solução nutritiva Growth, gaseous exchange and osmotic potential of banana 'Prata' plants, exposed to different concentrations of sodium and calcium in nutritive solution

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    LUDMILA LAFETÁ DE MELO NEVES

    2002-08-01

    Full Text Available O cálcio vem sendo utilizado com o intuito de incrementar tolerância a sais nas plantas, pois sabe-se que a salinidade restringe o crescimento e a produtividade de muitas culturas. Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar os efeitos da aplicação de sódio e cálcio sobre o crescimento inicial, trocas gasosas e potencial osmótico da bananeira (Musa spp. 'Prata' (AAB. Foi utilizado o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, com arranjo fatorial 4 x 4 [ 4 doses de sódio ( 0; 5; 10; 15 mmol L-1 e 4 de cálcio ( 2; 4; 8; 12 mmol L-1] e 3 repetições. A emissão total de folhas e o potencial osmótico das plantas não foram influenciados pelos tratamentos. O aumento dos níveis de sódio na solução promoveu redução significativa na massa fresca da parte aérea, altura, área foliar, diâmetro do pseudocaule e massa seca das plantas. A presença de 5 mmol L-1 de Na na solução favoreceu as trocas gasosas. O aumento dos níveis de cálcio na solução promoveu a redução da massa fresca da parte aérea, altura e área foliar da bananeira-'Prata'.The Calcium has been used to increase salt tolerance in plants since salinity restricts growth and productivity in many crops. This study was conducted with the objective of evaluating the effects of sodium and calcium application on the initial growth, gaseous exchange and osmotic potential of banana (Musa spp. 'Prata' plants (AAB. The experimental layout was a 4 x 4 factorial with three replicates in a randomized complete block design. The factors tested were concentrations of sodium (0; 5; 10; 15 mmol L-1 and calcium (2; 4; 8; 12 mmol L-1. The total emition of leaves and the osmotic potential of the plants were not influenced by the treatments. However, the increase in concentrations of sodium in the nutritive solution resulted in significant reduction of the fresh weight of aerial plant parts, height and leaf area of the plants, diameter of the pseudostem, and dry weight of the plants. The

  18. Avaliação fitotecnica de bananeiras tipo terra sob irrigação em condições semi-áridas Agronomical evaluation of bananas under irrigation and semi-arid conditions

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    Hudson Caldeira de Faria

    2010-08-01

    Full Text Available Conduziu-se este trabalho, com o objetivo de avaliar fitotecnicamente as características vegetativas e de rendimento de cinco cultivares de bananeira tipo Terra, em primeiro ciclo de produção sob irrigação nas condições semiáridas da região de Guanambi - BA. Utilizaram-se descritores fenotípicos relevantes para a identificação e seleção de indivíduos com características superiores, visando a disponibilizar aos produtores dos perímetros de irrigação uma alternativa para a diversificação da bananicultura. Avaliaram-se as seguintes características: número de dias do plantio ao florescimento e à colheita, altura da planta, perímetro do pseudocaule, número de folhas vivas nas épocas do florescimento e colheita, o intervalo florescimento-colheita, peso do cacho, da ráquis e das pencas, número de pencas e de frutos, comprimento e diâmetro do fruto. O experimento foi delineado em blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos, constituídos pelas cultivares AAB: Terra, Terra-Maranhão, Terrinha e D'Angola e pelo híbrido AAAB: FHIA-21 com cinco repetições. Cada parcela foi constituída por 20 plantas (quatro fileiras de cinco plantas, com seis plantas úteis no espaçamento de 3,0 m x 3,0 m. Destacaram-se as cultivares avaliadas a Terra e a Terra Maranhão como as mais produtivas, porém, com maior altura e mais tardias em ciclo. O híbrido FHIA-21 e as cultivares Terrinha e D'Angola, apresentaram-se com maior número de folhas vivas à época da colheita. A cultivar D'Angola apresentou a menor produtividade dentre as cultivares avaliadas.The goal of this work was to make a agronomical evaluation of the vegetative characteristics and income of five cultivars of banana type Plantain, in the first production cycle under irrigation in the semi-arid conditions of the region of the city of Guanambi -Bahia State. Relevant phenotypic descriptors were used for the identification and selection of individuals with superior

  19. Avaliação do ciclo e produção da planta-filha em função do manejo da planta-mãe em diferentes épocas do ano em bananeira Prata-Anã Evaluation of cycle and production of sucker plant in function of mother plant management in banana tree 'Prata Anã´

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    José Egídio Flori

    2008-06-01

    Full Text Available Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, avaliar o efeito do manejo da planta-mãe e da época de seleção das plantas-filha de bananeira 'Prata-Anã´ (Musa spp. na produção e no período de desenvolvimento da planta-filha. Utilizou-se um bananal comercial com cinco anos de idade, plantado no espaçamento de 3,5 m x 2,0 m. O delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado no esquema de parcelas subdivididas, com três repetições. Os tratamentos nas parcelas foram: manejo 1 (M1 - família conduzida sem a planta-mãe, a qual foi retirada logo após a sua floração; manejo 2 (M2 - família conduzida com planta-mãe (manejo convencional. As subparcelas corresponderam a doze épocas de seleção das plantas-filha, selecionadas no estádio de chifrão, iniciando em fev./02 e finalizando em jan./03. As características avaliadas foram: a período de desenvolvimento da planta-filha (período em dias entre a data de seleção da planta-filha e a sua colheita; b massa do cacho das plantas-filha. Diante dos resultados obtidos concluiu-se: o manejo da planta-mãe não influenciou a massa do cacho da planta-filha; o manejo da planta-mãe alterou o período de desenvolvimento da planta-filha, sendo esse menor naquelas conduzidas sem a planta-mãe (M1; a época de seleção influenciou a massa do cacho e o período de desenvolvimento da planta-filha.The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of managing banana mother plants and time of selection of sucker on their productive characteristics, using the cultivar 'Prata Anã´ (Musa spp. genomic group AAB. The crop was planted in March 1997, spaced by 3.5 m x 2.0 m. An experimental area of 2.1 hectares was demarcated in February 2002. A split-plot design was used incorporating a completely random design with three replications. The plots consisted of five plants submitted to two managements: M1 - hill managed without the mother plant, which was removed right after flowering; M2 - hill managed with the mother

  20. Redução da oxidação na propagação in vitro da bananeira 'maçã' Oxidation reduction of in vitro propagation of banana cv. Maçã plants

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    Mara Rubia Camolesi

    2007-08-01

    Full Text Available A técnica de cultivo in vitro de bananeira enfrenta o problema de oxidação dos ápices caulinares na fase de estabelecimento. Conduziu-se este trabalho, para avaliar a combinação de ácido cítrico e citrato de potássio, buscando reduzir a oxidação in vitro de bananeira 'Maçã'. Os ápices caulinares, medindo 15 mm de pseudocaule e 5 mm de rizoma, foram cultivados no meio MS, com metade da concentração dos macronutrientes. Os tratamentos foram organizados em esquema fatorial 2x2x2 (com e sem pré-tratamento de antioxidantes por 90 minutos, com e sem a adição dos antioxidantes ao meio de cultivo e com e sem a transferência dos ápices caulinares; aos 15 dias, após a inoculação. Cada tratamento foi constituído por 15 ápices caulinares. Foram avaliados o grau de oxidação e o número de brotos na primeira e na segunda repicagem. O menor grau de oxidação foi obtido com o pré-tratamento dos ápices caulinares em 0,25 g L-1 de ácido cítrico e 0,75 g L-1 de citrato de potássio, sem a adição desses antioxidantes ao meio de cultivo e sem a necessidade de transferência dos ápices caulinares, aos 15 dias.The in vitro cultivation technique of banana plants faces the problem of oxidation of the stem apex in the establishment phase. The objective of this work was to evaluate the use of the combination of citric acid and potassium citrate, to reduce the in vitro oxidation of 'Maçã' banana plants. The explants, measuring 15 mm of pseudostem and 5 mm of rhizome, were established in the MS medium with half concentration of the macronutrients. The treatments were organized in factorial design 2x2x2 (with and without pre-treatment of antioxidants for 90 minutes, with and without the addition of the antioxidants in the medium and with and without subculture to the 15 days after the inoculation. Each treatment was constituted by 15 stem apexes. The oxidation degree and the number of buds in the first and in the second re-culture were

  1. Are female daycare workers at greater risk of cytomegalovirus infection? A secondary data analysis of CMV seroprevalence between 2010 and 2013 in Hamburg, Germany

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    Stranzinger, Johanna

    2016-04-01

    Full Text Available Background: Close contact with asymptomatic children younger than three years is a risk factor for a primary cytomegalovirus (CMV infection. In pregnant women, such primary infection increases the risk of CMV-induced feto- or embryopathy. Daycare providers have therefore implemented working restrictions for pregnant daycare workers (DCWs in accordance with legislation and guidelines for maternity protection. However, little is known about the infection risk for DCWs. We therefore compared the prevalence of CMV antibodies of pregnant DCWs to that of female blood donors (BDs.Method: In a secondary data analysis, the prevalence of anti-CMV IgG among pregnant DCWs (N=509 in daycare centers (DCCs was compared to the prevalence of female first-time BDs (N=14,358 from the greater region of Hamburg, Germany. Data collection took place between 2010 and 2013. The influence of other risk factors such as age, pregnancies and place of residence was evaluated using logistic regression models. Results: The prevalence of CMV antibodies in pregnant DCWs was higher than in female BDs (54.6 vs 41.5%; OR 1.6; 95%CI 1.3–1.9. The subgroup of BDs who had given birth to at least one child and who lived in the city of Hamburg (N=2,591 had a prevalence of CMV antibodies similar to the prevalence in pregnant DCWs (53.9 vs 54.6%; OR 0.9; 95%CI 0.8–1.2. Age, pregnancy history and living in the center of Hamburg were risk factors for CMV infections.Conclusion: The comparison of pregnant DCWs to the best-matching subgroup of female first-time BDs with past pregnancies and living in the city of Hamburg does not indicate an elevated risk of CMV infection among DCWs. However, as two secondary data sets from convenience samples were used, a more detailed investigation of the risk factors other than place of residence, age and maternity was not possible. Therefore, the CMV infection risk in DCWs should be further studied by taking into consideration the potential preventive

  2. Diluição celular, características do meio de cultura e biorreatores de imersão temporária na diferenciação e regeneração de células em suspensão de bananeira

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    Tatiane Rosa Monteiro

    2011-10-01

    Full Text Available Altos custos de produção geralmente limitam o uso comercial da micropropagação. O uso de meios de cultura líquidos é considerado uma solução para a automação e redução de custos. Entretanto, dependendo da cultivar de bananeira, esse processo pode mostrar diferentes níveis de dificuldade, e adaptações nos protocolos são necessárias. Neste estudo, experimentos de diferenciação celular e regeneração de plantas foram desenvolvidos em células em suspensão de banana pela avaliação da densidade inicial de células, meios de cultura e sistemas de imersão temporária. Para tanto, uma sequência de três experimentos foi realizada: o primeiro avaliou os efeitos da densidade celular (0,5; 1 e 2 mL, meios de cultura (M1: 1/2MS, 0,1 g.L-1 de ácido ascórbico, 0,1 g.L-1 de L-prolina, 30 g.L-1 de sacarose e 10 µM de 2iP; M2: MS, 30 g.L-1 de sacarose, 2,2 µM de BAP e 11,4 µM de AIA e períodos de diferenciação celular (40 e 130 dias; o segundo experimento analisou o efeito do tamanho dos propágulos diferenciados em meio líquido (aprox. 2,5; 5 e 10 mm em diâmetro na formação de embriões somáticos ou na regeneração de plantas; finalmente, um terceiro experimento avaliou o efeito de sistemas de cultivo com papel-filtro cobrindo o meio de cultura semissólido e sistemas de imersão temporários na diferenciação dos propágulos e na regeneração de plantas. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os meios de diferenciação, porém as melhores diluições de células para a diferenciação foram de 1 e 2 mL/30mL de meio de cultura, enquanto diluições de 0,5 mL/30 mL de meio aumentaram a oxidação celular. A extensão do período de diferenciação de 40 para 130 dias foi importante para produzir maior número de calos/propágulos uniformes e com pelo menos de 10 mm de diâmetro, que puderam ser usados em sistemas de imersão temporária (biorreatores para a diferenciação de embriões somáticos e

  3. Clinical assessment of anti-viral CD8+ T cell immune monitoring using QuantiFERON-CMV® assay to identify high risk allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients with CMV infection complications.

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    Siok-Keen Tey

    Full Text Available The reconstitution of anti-viral cellular immunity following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT is crucial in preventing cytomegalovirus (CMV-associated complications. Thus immunological monitoring has emerged as an important tool to better target pre-emptive anti-viral therapies. However, traditional laboratory-based assays are too cumbersome and complicated to implement in a clinical setting. Here we conducted a prospective study of a new whole blood assay (referred to as QuantiFERON-CMV® to determine the clinical utility of measuring CMV-specific CD8+ T-cell responses as a prognostic tool. Forty-one evaluable allogeneic HSCT recipients underwent weekly immunological monitoring from day 21 post-transplant and of these 21 (51.2% showed CMV reactivation and 29 (70.7% developed acute graft-versus-host disease (GvHD. Patients with acute GvHD (grade ≥ 2 within 6 weeks of transplant showed delayed reconstitution of CMV-specific T-cell immunity (p = 0.013 and a higher risk of CMV viremia (p = 0.026. The median time to stable CMV-specific immune reconstitution was 59 days and the incidence of CMV reactivation was lower in patients who developed this than those who did not (27% versus 65%; p = 0.031. Furthermore, a failure to reconstitute CMV-specific immunity soon after the onset of CMV viraemia was associated with higher peak viral loads (5685 copies/ml versus 875 copies/ml; p = 0.002. Hence, QuantiFERON-CMV® testing in the week following CMV viremia can be useful in identifying HSCT recipients at risk of complicated reactivation.

  4. Standardization of a molecular diagnostic method for Cucumber mosaic virus (cmv in Ecuadorian bananas

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    Johanna Liseth Buitrón-Bustamante

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Several pests and diseases affect banana crop in Ecuador and Cucumber mosaic virus (cmv is one of the most important pathogens. The aim of this research was to standardize a new molecular approach to achieve a sensitive and highly specific detection of cmv in Ecuadorian bananas. Specific primers were designed from the sequence encodingResumoA cultura da banana no Equador vê-se afetada por uma série de doenças, das quais o cucumber mosaic vírus(cmv é um dos fitopatógenos mais impor-tantes. Com este estudo procurou-se padronizar uma técnica molecular para a detecção sensível e altamente específica deste agente viral na banana equatoriana. Para este fim, realizou-se o desenho de primers específicos, a partir da sequência que se codifica para a proteína da cápside do vírus. for the virus capsid protein. PC-F1, PC-R D1 and K-F primers, obtained from cDNA replicated from R NA of infected banana, allowed accurate virus detection by Reverse transcription and Hemi-nested PCR. Virus detection was possible even in asymptomatic plants, providing a tech-nology with potential use for the Ecuadorian banana producers.

  5. Clinical-grade generation of peptide-stimulated CMV/EBV-specific T cells from G-CSF mobilized stem cell grafts.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gary, Regina; Aigner, Michael; Moi, Stephanie; Schaffer, Stefanie; Gottmann, Anja; Maas, Stefanie; Zimmermann, Robert; Zingsem, Jürgen; Strobel, Julian; Mackensen, Andreas; Mautner, Josef; Moosmann, Andreas; Gerbitz, Armin

    2018-05-09

    A major complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aSCT) is the reactivation of herpesviruses such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Both viruses cause significant mortality and compromise quality of life after aSCT. Preventive transfer of virus-specific T cells can suppress reactivation by re-establishing functional antiviral immune responses in immunocompromised hosts. We have developed a good manufacturing practice protocol to generate CMV/EBV-peptide-stimulated T cells from leukapheresis products of G-CSF mobilized and non-mobilized donors. Our procedure selectively expands virus-specific CD8+ und CD4+ T cells over 9 days using a generic pool of 34 CMV and EBV peptides that represent well-defined dominant T-cell epitopes with various HLA restrictions. For HLA class I, this set of peptides covers at least 80% of the European population. CMV/EBV-specific T cells were successfully expanded from leukapheresis material of both G-CSF mobilized and non-mobilized donors. The protocol allows administration shortly after stem cell transplantation (d30+), storage over liquid nitrogen for iterated applications, and protection of the stem cell donor by avoiding a second leukapheresis. Our protocol allows for rapid and cost-efficient production of T cells for early transfusion after aSCT as a preventive approach. It is currently evaluated in a phase I/IIa clinical trial.

  6. Murine CMV Expressing the High Affinity NKG2D Ligand MULT-1: A Model for the Development of Cytomegalovirus-Based Vaccines

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    Lea Hiršl

    2018-05-01

    Full Text Available The development of a vaccine against human cytomegalovirus (CMV has been a subject of long-term medical interest. The research during recent years identified CMV as an attractive vaccine vector against infectious diseases and tumors. The immune response to CMV persists over a lifetime and its unique feature is the inflationary T cell response to certain viral epitopes. CMV encodes numerous genes involved in immunoevasion, which are non-essential for virus growth in vitro. The deletion of those genes results in virus attenuation in vivo, which enables us to dramatically manipulate its virulence and the immune response. We have previously shown that the murine CMV (MCMV expressing RAE-1γ, one of the cellular ligands for the NKG2D receptor, is highly attenuated in vivo but retains the ability to induce a strong CD8+ T cell response. Here, we demonstrate that recombinant MCMV expressing high affinity NKG2D ligand murine UL16 binding protein-like transcript (MULT-1 (MULT-1MCMV inserted in the place of its viral inhibitor is dramatically attenuated in vivo in a NK cell-dependent manner, both in immunocompetent adult mice and in immunologically immature newborns. MULT-1MCMV was more attenuated than the recombinant virus expressing RAE-1γ. Despite the drastic sensitivity to innate immune control, MULT-1MCMV induced an efficient CD8+ T cell response to viral and vectored antigens. By using in vitro assay, we showed that similar to RAE-1γMCMV, MULT-1 expressing virus provided strong priming of CD8+ T cells. Moreover, MULT-1MCMV was able to induce anti-viral antibodies, which after passing the transplacental barrier protect offspring of immunized mothers from challenge infection. Altogether, this study further supports the concept that CMV expressing NKG2D ligand possesses excellent characteristics to serve as a vaccine or vaccine vector.

  7. Absorção de macronutrientes por explantes de bananeira in vitro Macronutrient absorption by banana explants in vitro

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    Josefa Diva Nogueira Diniz

    1999-07-01

    Full Text Available Com o objetivo de estudar a absorção de macronutrientes (N, P, K, Ca, Mg e S em explantes de bananeira cv. Prata Anã, foram utilizados explantes de plantas estabelecidas in vitro, inoculados em meio básico de Murashige & Skoog (1962 contendo sacarose (30 g/L, e BAP (3,5 mg/L com sete tratamentos, representados pelos períodos de 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 e 60 dias de cultivo e três repetições. As quantidades de macronutrientes totais absorvidas pelos explantes seguiram a ordem: K > N > Ca > ou = P > Mg @ S. O P foi o nutriente absorvido mais rapidamente pelos explantes, com 75% extraído do meio de cultivo nos primeiros 30 dias, cessando sua absorção aos 50 dias, restando ainda 9% no meio de cultivo. A absorção do S cessou também aos 50 dias, quando 66% deste nutriente ainda permanecia no meio de cultivo. Este resultado sugere haver uma relação, quanto à absorção, entre esses dois nutrientes. As maiores taxas de absorção de todos os nutrientes foram verificadas nos primeiros 20 dias. O rizoma, o pseudocaule e as folhas, se diferenciaram quanto à concentração e extração ou acúmulo de nutrientes.The absorption of the nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S by banana (Musa sp. cv. Prata Anã explants on the basic medium of Murashige & Skoog (1962 supplemented with sucrose (30 g/L and BAP (3.5 mg/L were evaluated at 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 days after inoculation. The seven treatments were arranged on a completely randomized design with three replicates. The sequence of nutrient absorption by the explants was K > N > Ca > or = P > Mg @ S. The P was the nutrient with the fastest absorption rate and at the 30th day the explants had already absorbed 75% of the P from the medium. The P absorption stopped by the 50th day. The S absorption stopped at the 50th day with 66% of it remaining in the medium. The results suggested a close relationship between these two nutrients. The highest rates of nutrient absorption were observed during the

  8. Crescimento, produção de biomassa e eficiência fotossintética da bananeira sob fertirrigação com nitrogênio e potássio Growth, biomass yield and photosynthetic efficiency of banana, under fertirrigation with nitrogen and potassium

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    Alberto Soares de Melo

    2010-09-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos de doses de nitrogênio e de potássio fornecidos via água de irrigação, nas características morfofisiológicas da bananeira, cultivar 'Prata-Anã', em solo dos tabuleiros costeiros do estado de Sergipe. O experimento foi realizado em campo, utilizando o fatorial 4x4 com quatro blocos casualizados, na Estação Experimental da Universidade Federal de Sergipe. Foram avaliados os efeitos das doses de nitrogênio aos níveis de 0; 250; 500 e 750 kg ha-1 na forma de uréia e K2O nos valores de 0; 290; 580 e 870 kg ha-1 oriundo do cloreto de potássio. Foram coletados dados referentes ao crescimento vegetativo, partição de fitomassa seca e eficiência fotossintética das plantas. O maior ganho na produção de fitomassa seca da parte aérea (8054,88 g planta-1 correspondeu ao tratamento 700 kg ha-1 ano-1 de N e 1200 kg ha-1 ano-1 de K2O, sendo 16,51% destinados à fitomassa seca das folhas, 43,77% à fitomassa seca do pseudocaule e 39,71% à fitomassa seca do cacho. Doses elevadas de N e baixas de K causam a ontogenia mais rápida das folhas, diminuindo a razão da área foliar com reflexos negativos no rendimento da cultura. A maior conversão da irradiação solar em fitomassa seca pela bananeira foi obtida no tratamento com 732 kg ha-1 de N e 1200 kg ha-1 de K2O.The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of nitrogen and potassium applied trough water irrigation on physiological characteristcs of banana cv Prata Anã in the coastal tablelands of Sergipe State. The experiment was carried out in the Sergipe Federal University Experiment Station, as 4x4 factorial, in randomized blocks with four repplications. Doses of nitrogen as ureia were (0; 250; 500 e 750 kg ha-1 and doses of potassium as potassium chloride were (0; 290; 580 e 870, in kg ha-1 of K2O. Vegetative growth, biomass partition and photosynthesis efficiency were determined. Plant aerial biomass of 8054.88 g plant-1 was achieved

  9. Qualidade pós-colheita em brotos de palma de diferentes cultivares

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    Daniel Pereira Lima

    2017-06-01

    Full Text Available A palma pertencente à família das cactáceas, sendo de origem mexicana. No Nordeste brasileiro, o broto de palma faz parte da dieta alimentar da população de alguns municípios. Com isso objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade pós-colheita dos brotos de palma proveniente de diferentes cultivares. O trabalho foi desenvolvido no Centro de Ciências e Humanas Sociais e Agrárias, Bananeiras, Paraíba, pertencente à Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Foram utilizados brotos das cultivares Gigante (Opuntia ficus indica Mill., Redonda (Opuntia ficus indica L., Orelha de Elefante (Opuntia tuna (L. Mill. e Miúda (Nopalea cochenillifera (L. Salm-Dyck. Os brotos foram colhidos em propriedades rurais às 6:00 horas e transportados ao laboratório, onde foram eliminados os acúleos e lavados. Realizou-se as análises em triplicata dos teores de ácido ascórbico (AA, de acidez titulável (AT e de sólidos solúveis (SS, pH, umidade e condutividade elétrica. Os brotos de palma da variedade Gigante foram os que apresentaram as melhores características, atribuído ao maior conteúdo de ácido ascórbico e ao melhor equilíbrio entre os açúcares (SS e os ácidos (AT.

  10. Viabilidade in vitro de grãos de pólen de bananeira sob diferentes concentrações de ácido bórico e sacarose In vitro viability of banana pollen grain under different concentrations of boric acid and sucrose

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    Ronaldo Viana dos Reis

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar a germinação do grão de pólen e o comprimento do tubo polínico das bananeiras diplóides M53, 8987-01 e 9197-03, Calcutá, Lidi e 86B79-12. O delineamento utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado com cinco doses de sacarose (0, 5, 10, 15, 20% e seis concentrações de ácido bórico (0, 100, 200, 300, 400 e 500 Mg L-1 com quatro repetições. Foram utilizados grãos de pólen retirados da inflorescência masculina dos diplóides Musa acuminata (AA. O pólen foi distribuído em placas de Petri, contendo o seguinte meio de cultura: 1,27 mM de Ca(NO32.2H2O, 0,87 mM de MgSO4.7H2O, 0,99 mM de KNO3, 0,7% de ágar com pH ajustado para 7,0, variando as concentrações de sacarose e de ácido bórico. As avaliações foram realizadas 24 horas após a distribuição do pólen no meio de cultura. O meio de cultura padrão para germinação de grãos de pólen suplementado com 15% de sacarose proporcionou uma maior percentagem de germinação para os diplóides de bananeira avaliados. A concentração de ácido bórico adicionado ao meio de cultura para a germinação de grãos de pólen de bananeira diplóide é dependente do genótipo.The objective of this work was to evaluate the germination of pollen grain and pollen tube length of banana diploids (M53, 8987-01 e 9197-03, Calcutta, Lidi and 86B79-12. Five concentrations of sucrose (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% and six concentrations of boric acid (0, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 mg L-1 were used, in a completely randomized experimental design, with four replicates. The pollen was distributed in Petri dishes containing the following culture medium: 1.27 mM Ca(NO32.2H2O, 0.87 mM MgSO4.7H2O, 0.99 mM KNO3, and 0.7% agar; pH adjusted to 7.0, varying the sucrose and boric acid concentrations. The evaluations were performed 24 hours after the distribution of the pollen in the culture medium. The standard culture medium for germination of pollen grains with 15% sucrose provided the

  11. Caracterização físico-química dos frutos de genótipos de bananeira produzidos em Botucatu-SP Fruit physicochemical characterization of banana genotypes produced in Botucatu-SP

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    Dayana Portes Ramos

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available O conhecimento dos atributos pós-colheita dos frutos de novos genótipos é uma importante informação que auxilia o melhorista em sua tomada de decisão. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar as características físico-químicas de frutos de genótipos de 3 grupos genômicos de bananeira: 'Nanicão-IAC-2001', 'Grande Naine', 'Caipira' e 'Nam' (AAA; 'Maçã', 'Thap Maeo', 'Prata Anã' e 'Prata Zulu' (AAB; 'Fhia 01', 'Fhia 18', 'Prata Graúda' e 'Tropical' (AAAB, no município de Botucatu-SP. As características avaliadas foram: textura, pH, acidez titulável, sólidos solúveis, açúcares solúveis totais, teores de amido e potássio. Foi adotado o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com 12 tratamentos (genótipos, cinco repetições, sendo que em cada repetição utilizaram-se cinco frutos. Utilizou-se o teste de tukey (Pd" 0,05 para a comparação entre médias de genótipos, dentro de cada grupo genômico. Os resultados mostraram que no grupo AAA, Nam se destacou apresentando frutos mais firmes, com maior teor de sólidos solúveis e amido. Do grupo AAB, 'Prata Zulu' apresentou frutos mais firmes, com maior teor de açúcares solúveis totais e amido e menor acidez. No grupo dos híbridos AAAB, 'Tropical' apresentou maior teor de potássio e amido, no entanto, menor teor de sólidos solúveis e açúcares solúveis totais.The knowledge of the post-harvest characteristics of new banana genotypes is important an information that helps the breeder in making a decision. This work had the objective of evaluating the fruit physical and chemical characteristics of genotypes of three banana genomic groups: 'Nanicão-IAC-2001', 'Grande Naine', 'Caipira', and 'Nam' (AAA; 'Maçã', 'Thap Maeo', 'Prata Anã', and 'Prata Zulu' (AAB; 'Fhia 01', 'Fhia 18', 'Prata Graúda', and 'Tropical' (AAAB in Botucatu region, São Paulo state, Brazil. The evaluated characteristics were: firmness, pH, titratable acidity, soluble solids, total soluble

  12. Genetic Influence on the Peripheral Blood CD4+ T-cell Differentiation Status in CMV Infection

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Goldeck, David; Larsen, Lisbeth Aagaard; Christiansen, Lene

    2016-01-01

    from the Danish Twin Registry for their T-cell differentiation status, assessed by surface expression of CD27, CD28, CD57, and KLRG-1. We observed a significant intraclass correlation between cotwins of MZ, but not DZ pairs for the differentiation status of CD4(+) and CD8(+) subsets. Classical......A latent infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV), a ubiquitous beta herpesvirus, is associated with an accumulation of late-differentiated memory T-cells, often accompanied by a reciprocal reduced frequency of early-differentiated cells (commonly also referred to as "naïve"). However, this impact...... of CMV on T-cell phenotypes is variable between individuals. Our previous findings in a subgroup of participants in the Leiden familial Longevity Study indicated an important role of genetics. For further testing, we have analyzed middle-aged monozygotic (MZ, n = 42) and dizygotic (DZ, n = 39) twin pairs...

  13. CD107a Expression and IFN-γ Production as Markers for Evaluation of Cytotoxic CD3+ CD8+ T Cell Response to CMV Antigen in Women with Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tarokhian, Batoul; Sherkat, Roya; Nasr Esfahani, Mohamma Hossein; Adib, Minoo; Kiani Esfahani, Abbas; Ataei, Behrooz

    2014-01-01

    Some evidence has shown a relationship between primary human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and pregnancy loss. The impact of CMV infection reactivation during pregnancy on adverse pregnancy outcomes is not completely understood. It is proposed that altered immune response, and therefore, recurrence or reactivation of latent CMV infection may relate to recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA); however, few data are available in this regard. To find out about any cell mediated defect and reactivation of latent CMV infection in women with RPL, cellular immunity to the virus has been evaluated by specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response to CMV. In a case control study, CTL CD107a expression and in- tercellular IFN-γ production in response to CMV pp65 antigen and staphylococcus enterotoxin B (SEB) in women with RSA were assessed by flow cytometric analysis. Forty-four cases with history of recurrent pregnancy and forty-four controls with history of successful pregnancies were included. The FACSCaliber flow cytometer were used for analysis. No significant difference was observed between CD107a expression and IFN-γ production in response to CMV PP65 antigen in RPL patients and control group. How- ever, the cytotoxic response to SEB antigen in patients with RPL was significantly lower than control group (p=0.042). The results of this study show that impaired CD107a expression and IFN-γ production as CTL response to CMV does not appear to be a major contrib- uting and immune incompetence factor in patients with RPL, but cytotoxic T cell response defect to other antigens requires to be assessed further in these patients.

  14. HLA-E-Restricted Cross-Recognition of Allogeneic Endothelial Cells by CMV-Associated CD8 T Cells: A Potential Risk Factor following Transplantation

    Science.gov (United States)

    Allard, Mathilde; Tonnerre, Pierre; Nedellec, Steven; Oger, Romain; Morice, Alexis; Guilloux, Yannick; Houssaint, Elisabeth; Charreau, Béatrice; Gervois, Nadine

    2012-01-01

    Although association between CMV infection and allograft rejection is well admitted, the precise mechanisms involved remain uncertain. Here, we report the characterization of an alloreactive HLA-E-restricted CD8 T cell population that was detected in the PBL of a kidney transplant patient after its CMV conversion. This monoclonal CD8 T cell population represents a sizable fraction in the blood (3% of PBL) and is characterized by an effector-memory phenotype and the expression of multiple NK receptors. Interestingly, these unconventional T cells display HLA-E-dependent reactivity against peptides derived from the leader sequences of both various HCMV-UL40 and allogeneic classical HLA-I molecules. Consequently, while HLA-E-restricted CD8 T cells have potential to contribute to the control of CMV infection in vivo, they may also directly mediate graft rejection through recognition of peptides derived from allogeneic HLA-I molecules on graft cells. Therefore, as HLA-E expression in nonlymphoid organs is mainly restricted to endothelial cells, we investigated the reactivity of this HLA-E-restricted T cell population towards allogeneic endothelial cells. We clearly demonstrated that CMV-associated HLA-E-restricted T cells efficiently recognized and killed allogeneic endothelial cells in vitro. Moreover, our data indicate that this alloreactivity is tightly regulated by NK receptors, especially by inhibitory KIR2DL2 that strongly prevents TCR-induced activation through recognition of HLA-C molecules. Hence, a better evaluation of the role of CMV-associated HLA-E-restricted T cells in transplantation and of the impact of HLA-genotype, especially HLA-C, on their alloreactivity may determine whether they indeed represent a risk factor following organ transplantation. PMID:23226431

  15. Auxin and Cytokinin Metabolism and Root Morphological Modifications in Arabidopsis thaliana Seedlings Infected with Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV or Exposed to Cadmium

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    Adriano Sofo

    2013-03-01

    Full Text Available Arabidopsis thaliana L. is a model plant but little information is available about morphological root changes as part of a phytohormonal common response against both biotic and abiotic stressors. For this purpose, two-week-old Arabidopsis seedlings were treated with 10 µM CdSO4 or infected with CMV. After 12 days the entire aerial parts and the root system were analyzed, and the presence of CMV or the accumulation of Cd were detected. Microscopic analysis revealed that both CMV and Cd influenced root morphology by a marked development in the length of root hairs and an intense root branching if compared to controls. Among the three treatments, Cd-treated seedlings showed a shorter root axis length and doubled their lateral root diameter, while the lateral roots of CMV-infected seedlings were the longest. The root growth patterns were accompanied by significant changes in the levels of indole-3-acetic acid, trans-zeatin riboside, dihydrozeatin riboside, as a probable consequence of the regulation of some genes involved in their biosynthesis/degradation. The opposite role on root development played by the phythormones studied is discussed in detail. The results obtained could provide insights into novel strategies for plant defense against pathogens and plant protection against pollutants.

  16. Auxin and cytokinin metabolism and root morphological modifications in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings infected with Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) or exposed to cadmium.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vitti, Antonella; Nuzzaci, Maria; Scopa, Antonio; Tataranni, Giuseppe; Remans, Tony; Vangronsveld, Jaco; Sofo, Adriano

    2013-03-26

    Arabidopsis thaliana L. is a model plant but little information is available about morphological root changes as part of a phytohormonal common response against both biotic and abiotic stressors. For this purpose, two-week-old Arabidopsis seedlings were treated with 10 µM CdSO4 or infected with CMV. After 12 days the entire aerial parts and the root system were analyzed, and the presence of CMV or the accumulation of Cd were detected. Microscopic analysis revealed that both CMV and Cd influenced root morphology by a marked development in the length of root hairs and an intense root branching if compared to controls. Among the three treatments, Cd-treated seedlings showed a shorter root axis length and doubled their lateral root diameter, while the lateral roots of CMV-infected seedlings were the longest. The root growth patterns were accompanied by significant changes in the levels of indole-3-acetic acid, trans-zeatin riboside, dihydrozeatin riboside, as a probable consequence of the regulation of some genes involved in their biosynthesis/degradation. The opposite role on root development played by the phythormones studied is discussed in detail. The results obtained could provide insights into novel strategies for plant defense against pathogens and plant protection against pollutants.

  17. Ocorrência de patógenos em cultivos de melancia e abóbora no sertão da Paraíba

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    M. G. F. O. Soares

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Por constituírem uma importante fonte de alimento, plantações de melancia e abóbora são comumente cultivadas no sertão paraibano, porém pouco se sabe sobre a ocorrência de patógenos causadores de doenças, os quais limitam a sua produtividade e renda aos produtores. Visando obter informações sobre a ocorrência dos patógenos virais e fúngicos em cultivos de abóbora e melancia situados em municípios produtores no sertão da Paraíba, amostras coletadas com sintomas de mosaico e deformação foliar, típicos de doenças virais foram analisadas pela técnica sorológica “enzime linked immuno sorbentassay” (Elisa indireto para Papaya ring spot virus, type watermelon (PRSV-W, Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV, Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV e Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV. O teste de dupla difusão em Agar foi utilizado para verificar a presença de Squash mosaic virus (SqMV. Em contrapartida, amostras coletadas com sintomas de doenças fúngicas foram analisadas pelo isolamento do patógeno e visualização de suas características morfológicas em microscópio óptico. Em abóbora, houve prevalência dos vírus ZYMV e PRSV-W em infecções simples e mistas, e maior incidência dos fungos Cladosporium spp., e Alternaria spp. Em melancia detectou-se infecção simples e mistas das espécies PRSV-W, WMV e ZYMV, e maior freqüência de Fusarium spp. e Alternaria spp.. Não foram detectados os vírus CMV e SqMV. Os resultados obtidos revelam a ocorrência de vários patógenos fúngicos e viróticos em cultivos de abóbora e melancia situados no sertão da Paraíba e ressaltam a importância da utilização de estratégias de manejo que reduzem os danos ocasionados por esses patógenos.Occurrence of pathogens in watermelon and pumpkin crops in the State of ParaibaAbstract: By constitute an important food source, watermelon and pumpkin plantations are commonly grown on Paraíba backlands, but little is known about the occurrence of disease

  18. Viabilidade in vitro de grãos de pólen de bananeira sob diferentes concentrações de ácido bórico e sacarose

    OpenAIRE

    Reis,Ronaldo Viana dos; Morais-Lino,Lucymeire de Souza; Silva,Sebastião de Oliveira e; Amorim,Edson Perito; Ledo,Carlos Alberto da Silva; Viana,Alexandre Pio

    2011-01-01

    Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar a germinação do grão de pólen e o comprimento do tubo polínico das bananeiras diplóides M53, 8987-01 e 9197-03, Calcutá, Lidi e 86B79-12. O delineamento utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado com cinco doses de sacarose (0, 5, 10, 15, 20%) e seis concentrações de ácido bórico (0, 100, 200, 300, 400 e 500 Mg L-1) com quatro repetições. Foram utilizados grãos de pólen retirados da inflorescência masculina dos diplóides Musa acuminata (AA). O pólen foi distri...

  19. Risk of infectious diseases among first-degree relatives of transplant recipients who develop CMV infection

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Ekenberg, C; Lodding, I P; Wareham, N E

    2017-01-01

    Transplant recipients are at high risk of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. Mechanisms explaining the variation in risk of infections are far from fully elucidated. We hypothesised that host genetics explains part of the variation in risk of infection and examined if relatives of recipients with C...

  20. Multiple lymphoid nodules in bone marrow biopsy in immunocompetent patient with cytomegalovirus infection: an immunohistochemical analysis Múltiplos nódulos linfóides na medula óssea de paciente imunocompetente com infecção pelo citomegalovirus: uma análise imunohistoquímica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Silvia Maria Meire Magalhães

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available In Brazil, a high prevalence of cytomegalovirus (CMV infection has been documented. In immunocompetent adults CMV infection is usually asymptomatic and therefore morphologic and immunophenotypic bone marrow changes have rarely been described. The authors report the case of a previously healthy patient who developed fever of undetermined origin. The diagnosis of acute CMV infection was based on serological testing. A computed tomographic scan showed mediastinal lymphadenopathy. A bone marrow biopsy revealed a hypercellular haematopoiesis with eosinophilia and large mixed T- and B-cell lymphoid aggregates. In spite of bcl-2 positivity, their reactive nature was demonstrated. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR and immunohistochemistry were unable to detect CMV-DNA in paraffin-embedded bone marrow sections. Much like in other systemic disorders, the lymphoid nodules in this case seemed to be caused by immunological mechanisms, possibly due to cytokines released in response to the systemic infectious process.Uma elevada prevalência de infecção pelo citomegalovírus (CMV está documentada no Brasil. Em adultos imunocompetentes a infecção pelo CMV é, em geral, assintomática e, portanto, as alterações morfológicas e imunohistoquímicas na medula óssea têm sido raramente descritas. Relatamos o caso de um paciente previamente assintomático que desenvolveu febre de origem obscura. O diagnóstico de infecção aguda pelo CMV foi baseado em estudo sorológico. A tomografia computadorizada do tórax mostrou linfadenopatia mediastinal. A biópsia óssea revelou medula hipercelular com eosinofilia e grandes agregados linfóides mistos de células B e T. Apesar da positividade para bcl-2, a sua natureza reacional foi demostrada. A reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR e a imunohistoquímica não detectaram DNA viral nos cortes de medula óssea em parafina. Assim como em outros distúrbios sistêmicos, os nódulos linfóides no nosso caso parecem ser

  1. Ocorrência de hepatites não-anão-B em unidade de hemodiálise

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    Clarina Takahashi

    1988-09-01

    Full Text Available A monitorização mensal de alanina aminotransferase (ALT sérica de pacientes em hemodiálise e os testes sorológicos para exclusões de infecções por vírus da hepatite A (HAV, vírus da hepatite B (HBV, citomegalovirus (CMV e vírus Epstein-Barr (EBV, permitiu-nos identificar 11 casos de hepatites não-A, não-B em 111 indivíduos avaliados durante o período de 12 meses e acompanhados por 2 anos. Foram observados 3 padrões de atividade de ALT: elevação em pico monofásico em 2, bifásico ou polifásico em 6 e em platô em 3 pacientes. Individíduos com padrão monofásico exibiram os níveis mais elevados de ALT. Cinco pacientes apresentaram normalização bioquímica persistente 4,8 meses em média após o início da elevação aguda e seis evoluíram com ascensão crônica de ALT durante o período de estudo. A hepatite não-A, não-B foi, predominantemente, assintomática e anictérica, sempre antecedida por transfusões sangüíneas e com maior incidência nos seis primeiros meses de terapia dialítica dos pacientes.Through monthly monitorization of alanine amino transferase (ALT in hemodialysis patients and serological tests for exclusion of HA V (hepatitis A virus, HBV(hepatitis B virus, CMV (cytomegalovirus and EBV (Epstein-Barr virus infections, it was possible to identify 11 cases of non-A, non-B hepatitis among 111 individuals evaluated in a period of 12 months and followed-up for 2 years. Three patterns of ALT activity were observed: an elevation in monophasic peak in 2 patients, biphasic andpolyphasic in 6 patients and elevation in plateau in three others. Patients with the monophasic pattern showed the most elevated levels of ALT. Five patients showed biochemical normalization within approximately 4.8 months after the beginning of acute elevation and 6 evolved with chronic intermittent elevation during the period of study. Hepatitis non-A, non-B was predominantly asymptomatic and anicteric, always preceeded by blood

  2. Assessment of IgG Antibodies Against HSV1, HSV2, CMV and EBV in Patients with Pemphigus Vulgaris versus Healthy People

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    Parichehr Ghalayani

    2016-08-01

    Full Text Available Objectives: Regarding the implication of viruses particularly herpes in pemphigus vulgaris, we sought to assess and compare the level of immunoglobulin G (IgG antibodies against herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV1 and HSV2, cytomegalovirus (CMV and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV in patients with pemphigus vulgaris and healthy people.    Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 25 patients with pemphigus vulgaris and 27 healthy individuals comprised the experimental and control groups, respectively. Serum samples were taken from both groups; the levels of IgG antibodies against HSV1, HSV2, CMV and EBV were measured using ELISA.  Results: Immunoglobulin G titer was higher for all four viruses in the patient group in comparison to the control group. This difference was significant for anti-EBV (P= 0.005, anti-CMV (P=0.0001 and anti-HSV2 (P=0.001 but not significant for anti-HSV1 (P= 0.36.Conclusion: Viruses including EBV, CMV, and HSV2 probably play a role in the pathogenesis of pemphigus in addition to the effects of genetics, toxins and other predisposing factors. In this study, no statistically significant relationship was observed between HSV1 and pemphigus vulgaris, which was probably due to the high titer of anti-HSV1 IgG in healthy individuals in the community. More studies must be done in this regard.

  3. Nitrogênio e potássio via fertirrigação e adubação convencional-estado nutricional das bananeiras e produção de frutos Nitrogen and potassium aplication on banana plant by fertirrigation and conventional fertilization-nutritional status of banana plants and fruit production

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luiz Antônio Junqueira Teixeira

    2007-04-01

    Full Text Available Realizou-se um experimento em Pindorama (SP com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos da fertirrigação e da adubação convencional com N e K, em bananeiras, durante dois ciclos de produção. Foram avaliados crescimento, estado nutricional e produção de frutos. A adubação causou redução do ciclo de produção. Os teores foliares de N e K foram influenciados pela adubação convencional e pela fertirrigação. Nos dois ciclos de cultivo, a produção de frutos variou em função dos tratamentos. A produção de frutos (t ha¹ ano¹ obtida com a aplicação de 80% da dose de N e de K via fertirrigação foi equivalente àquela com 100% da dose via adubação convencional.A field experiment was carried out in Pindorama (Sao Paulo State, Brazil with the objective of investigating the effects of N and K application through fertirrigation and conventional fertilization on banana plants during two crop cycles. Plant growth, nutrition status and fruit production were evaluated. The fertilization caused a reduction in the productive cycle. Fertilizers applied by fertirrigation or conventional fertilization changed the N and K leaf content. The fruit production varied in function of the treatment in the two cultivated cycles. Fruit production (t ha¹ year¹ obtained with application of 80% of N and K doses by fertirrigation was comparable to fruit production with 100% of fertilizer rate applied by conventional fertlization.

  4. Relação entre o tempo de enraizamento in vitro e o crescimento de plantas de bananeira na aclimatização Relationship between the in vitro rooting time and the growth of banana plants in the aclimatization

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    Frederico Henrique da Silva Costa

    2008-03-01

    Full Text Available O trabalho objetivou avaliar a influência do tempo de permanência em meio de enraizamento sobre o crescimento in vitro e ex vitro de plantas de bananeira. Como explantes, foram utilizadas brotações axilares provenientes do estabelecimento e multiplicação in vitro de ápices caulinares das cultivares Caipira (AAA, Preciosa (AAAB e Japira (AAAB. Para o enraizamento, empregou-se o meio MS reduzido a 50% da concentração de sais, adicionado de 30 g.L-1 de sacarose, 1 mg.L-1 de AIB e 6 g.L-1 de ágar. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em esquema fatorial 3x4, com três cultivares (Caipira, Preciosa e Japira e quatro períodos de enraizamento in vitro (7; 14; 21 e 28 dias, num total de 12 tratamentos. Ao final de cada período, a altura da parte aérea, o número e o comprimento de raízes foram avaliados, e as plantas, submetidas ao processo de aclimatização por 90 dias. Após esse período, as plantas foram avaliadas quanto à sobrevivência, número e comprimento de raízes, diâmetro do pseudocaule e massa seca de raízes, parte aérea e total. De modo geral, observou-se que a fase de indução de raízes nas brotações de bananeira in vitro ocorreu até os 14 dias de cultivo em meio de enraizamento, havendo apenas crescimento em tamanho das raízes após esse período. Entre as cultivares, verificou-se que, com exceção do diâmetro de pseudocaule, a cultivar Caipira apresentou crescimento vegetativo in vitro e durante a aclimatização (altura de plantas, número e comprimento de raízes e massa seca da parte aérea, raízes e total superior às cultivares Preciosa e Japira. Após 21 dias de permanência em meio de enraizamento, a taxa de sobrevivência das plantas, observada em casa de vegetação, alcançou 100%, independentemente da cultivar testada.The objective of the present study was to assess the influence of the exposition time to rooting medium on the in vitro and ex vitro growth of banana plants. As explants, new axillaries

  5. Persistent intestinal bleeding due to severe CMV-related thrombocytopenia in a preterm newborn.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Berardi, Alberto; Spaggiari, Eugenio; Cattelani, Chiara; Roversi, Maria Federica; Pecorari, Monica; Lazzarotto, Tiziana; Ferrari, Fabrizio

    2018-05-01

    The optimal threshold for neonatal platelet transfusions in sick newborns is still uncertain. We report a congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in a premature neonate with severe thrombocytopenia who subsequently presented with necrotizing enterocolitis and intestinal bleeding. The baby recovered after platelet transfusions were discontinued and the therapy was switched from intravenous ganciclovir to oral valganciclovir. We discuss both measures, speculating on the key role of platelet transfusions.

  6. Avaliação do estado nutricional e do desenvolvimento da bananeira-prata-anã (Musa spp. em função da adubação nitrogenada Evaluation of the nutricional status and development of banana cultivar "prata anã" (Musa spp. in relation to nitrogen fertilization

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    Patrícia Soares Furno Fontes

    2003-04-01

    Full Text Available O experimento foi instalado num Argissolo Amarelo, no município de Itaocara-RJ (Latitude de 21º 39' 12" Sul e Longitude de 42º 04' 36" Oeste, com clima conforme Köppen, classificado como Awi, temperatura média anual em torno de 22,5ºC e precipitação anual de 1041 mm, com o objetivo de avaliar o estado nutricional e o desenvolvimento da bananeira cultivar Prata-Anã em função da aplicação de cinco doses de nitrogênio (0; 150; 300; 450 e 600 kg ha-1 ano-1 de N. Os teores dos nutrientes na matéria seca foliar não foram alterados pelas doses de N, exceções feitas ao Mn e ao Cl. Os teores foliares dos nutrientes variaram entre as épocas analisadas, com exceção do Ca. Não houve diferença nos teores de N na folha analisada, em função do incremento da adubação nitrogenada. Foram encontrados menores teores de K na matéria seca foliar, na época da inflorescência e formação do cacho. A adubação nitrogenada não afetou a época de florescimento e a altura do cacho. Observou-se diminuição na emissão de filhotes com o incremento das doses de N.The experiment was carried in Yellow Podzolic at Itaocara, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, (Latitude 21º 39' 12" South and Longitude 42º 04' 36" West, with climate, conform Köppen, classified as Awi,, to evaluate the nutritional status and the development of the banana cultivar "Prata Anã" in relation to five nitrogen fertilization levels (0, 150, 300, 450 and 600 kg ha-1 year-1 of N. In general, the analyzed nutrients contents in the leaf dry matter were not modified by the increase of N dosage, being exception Mn and Cl. The levels of leaf nutrients differed between sampling seasons, with the exception of Ca. There was no variation in the levels of N in the leaf dry matter, in relation to nitrogen fertilization. Lower levels of K were observed in the leaf dry matter during the blooming and bunch development. In the first growing cycle, the nitrogen fertilization had no effect

  7. Consistent associations between measures of psychological stress and CMV antibody levels in a large occupational sample

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Rector, J.L.; Dowd, J.B.; Loerbroks, A.; Burns, V.E.; Moss, P.A.; Jarczok, M.N.; Stalder, T.; Hoffman, K.; Fischer, J.E.; Bosch, J.A.

    2014-01-01

    Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a herpes virus that has been implicated in biological aging and impaired health. Evidence, largely accrued from small-scale studies involving select populations, suggests that stress may promote non-clinical reactivation of this virus. However, absent is evidence from larger

  8. Crescimento de mudas micropropagadas de bananeira aclimatizadas nas condições da Amazônia Sul Ocidental sob a influência de diferentes substratos e recipientes Growth of micropropagated banana plantlets acclimatized on conditions of South West Amazon under the influence of different substrates and recipients

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    Janiffe Peres de Oliveira

    2008-06-01

    Full Text Available Para laboratórios que produzem milhares de plantas micropropagadas regularmente, a otimização da fase de aclimatização é de fundamental importância para evitar perdas excessivas de plantas, bem como favorecer seu crescimento. O trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o crescimento de mudas micropropagadas de bananeira na aclimatização, sob a influência de diferentes substratos e recipientes, nas condições da Amazônia Sul-Ocidental. Após o sexto subcultivo, brotações de bananeira, cv. Grand Naine (AAA, foram enraizadas em meio MS básico sendo, posteriormente, transferidas para viveiro onde foram plantadas em tubetes de 115 cm³ e 180 cm³ preenchidos com seis diferentes substratos, formulados a partir da combinação de terra de encosta, esterco bovino e casca de arroz carbonizada. Avaliações sobre sobrevivência, altura da parte aérea e diâmetro do pseudocaule foram realizadas quinzenalmente, sendo que, ao final de 75 dias, também foi determinada a massa fresca e seca das plantas. Observou-se que a sobrevivência das plantas não foi influenciada pelo uso de tubetes de 115 cm³ ou 180 cm³, no entanto, plantas aclimatizadas em tubetes de 180 cm³ apresentam maior crescimento em altura e diâmetro do pseudocaule e, conseqüentemente, maior acúmulo de massa fresca e seca das partes aérea e raízes, durante a aclimatização, quando comparados aos tubetes com 115 cm³ de capacidade. Entre os substratos, verificou-se que aqueles que continham esterco bovino na sua composição, proporcionaram resultados superiores quando comparados aos demais substratos testados para todas as variáveis analisadas, sendo este, portanto, um importante componente no desenvolvimento das plantas durante a fase de aclimatização.For laboratories that produce thousands of micropropagated plants regularly, the optimization of the acclimatization phase is of fundamental importance to avoid excessive losses and to promote the development of the plants

  9. Balanço hídrico e da salinidade do solo na bananeira irrigada com água de diferentes salinidades = Soil water and salinity balance on banana irrigated with water of varied salinity

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    Ancélio Ricardo de Oliveira Gondim

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes níveis de salinidade de água de irrigação no uso consultivo na fase reprodutiva da bananeira e evolução da salinidade do solo. Adotou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado em parcelas subdivididas, totalizando oito tratamentos com quatro repetições por tratamento. Os níveis de salinidade foram obtidos a partir de águas naturais de poços dos aquíferos arenito e calcário e foram misturadas em tanques de alvenaria para a obtenção das concentrações de salinidade desejada. Verificou-se que a área do bulbo com umidade superior a 8% representa aproximadamente 50% do volume do solo. A evapotranspiração da cultura diminuiu com o aumento da salinidade entre os tratamentos, o kc médio no período variou de 1,01 a 1,09 em águas de salinidade extremas. Comparando os perfis da salinidade do solo, verificou-se quea concentração de sais foi superior na camada superficial aos 440 dias após plantio.The objective this work was to evaluate the advisory use of two cultivars banana and the salinity of the soil in different water salinity levels (0.55; 1.70; 2.85; and 4.00 dS m-1 during the reproductive phase. The experimental design chosen was randomizedcomplete blocks in subdivided plots, totaling eight treatments with four repetitions per treatment. The salinity levels were obtained from natural waters of wells from sandstone and calcareous aquifers and were mixed in masonry tanks in order to obtain the desiredsalinity concentrations. It was verified that the area of the bulb with moisture greater than 8% represents approximately 50% of the volume of the soil. The evapotranspiration of the culture decreased with the increase in the salinity among the treatments; the average kc in the period varied from 1.01 to 1.09 in waters of extreme salinity. Comparing the salinity profiles of the soil, it was verified that the concentration of salts was highest on the surfacelayer at 440

  10. CMV-Promoter Driven Codon-Optimized Expression Alters the Assembly Type and Morphology of a Reconstituted HERV-K(HML-2

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    Oliver Hohn

    2014-11-01

    Full Text Available The HERV-K(HML-2 family contains the most recently integrated and best preserved endogenized proviral sequences in the human genome. All known elements have nevertheless been subjected to mutations or deletions that render expressed particles non-infectious. Moreover, these post-insertional mutations hamper the analysis of the general biological properties of this ancient virus family. The expression of consensus sequences and sequences of elements with reverted post-insertional mutations has therefore been very instrumental in overcoming this limitation. We investigated the particle morphology of a recently reconstituted HERV-K113 element termed oriHERV-K113 using thin-section electron microscopy (EM and could demonstrate that strong overexpression by substitution of the 5'LTR for a CMV promoter and partial codon optimization altered the virus assembly type and morphology. This included a conversion from the regular C-type to an A-type morphology with a mass of cytoplasmic immature cores tethered to the cell membrane and the membranes of vesicles. Overexpression permitted the release and maturation of virions but reduced the envelope content. A weaker boost of virus expression by Staufen-1 was not sufficient to induce these morphological alterations.

  11. CMV-promoter driven codon-optimized expression alters the assembly type and morphology of a reconstituted HERV-K(HML-2).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hohn, Oliver; Hanke, Kirsten; Lausch, Veronika; Zimmermann, Anja; Mostafa, Saeed; Bannert, Norbert

    2014-11-11

    The HERV-K(HML-2) family contains the most recently integrated and best preserved endogenized proviral sequences in the human genome. All known elements have nevertheless been subjected to mutations or deletions that render expressed particles non-infectious. Moreover, these post-insertional mutations hamper the analysis of the general biological properties of this ancient virus family. The expression of consensus sequences and sequences of elements with reverted post-insertional mutations has therefore been very instrumental in overcoming this limitation. We investigated the particle morphology of a recently reconstituted HERV-K113 element termed oriHERV-K113 using thin-section electron microscopy (EM) and could demonstrate that strong overexpression by substitution of the 5'LTR for a CMV promoter and partial codon optimization altered the virus assembly type and morphology. This included a conversion from the regular C-type to an A-type morphology with a mass of cytoplasmic immature cores tethered to the cell membrane and the membranes of vesicles. Overexpression permitted the release and maturation of virions but reduced the envelope content. A weaker boost of virus expression by Staufen-1 was not sufficient to induce these morphological alterations.

  12. Prevalence of Congenital CMV Infection and Antiviral Therapy in Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants: Observations of the German Neonatal Network.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Humberg, Alexander; Leienbach, Viola; Fortmann, Mats I; Rausch, Tanja K; Buxmann, Horst; Müller, Andreas; Herting, Egbert; Härtel, Christoph; Göpel, Wolfgang

    2018-04-18

    To determine the prevalence of congenital CMV infection (cCMV) in very-low-birth-weight infants (VLBWI) and to evaluate epidemiological characteristics of VLBWI with antiviral therapy (AT). CMV-specific PCR in umbilical cord tissue was performed (n=3330). Univariate analyses and logistic regression models were used to identify associations with outcome. 22/3330 VLBWI received AT (0.66%). 4 of these (0.12%) were PCR positive, with 2 VLBWI showing pathological screening for hearing loss. VLBWI with AT and negative PCR had significantly reduced mean birth weight (BW) and higher rates of small-for-gestational-age (SGA). Clinical sepsis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), use of reserve antibiotics (RA) and treatment for retinopathy of prematurity were significantly increased. We further observed a higher need of transfusion of red blood cells (RBC), fresh frozen plasma and platelets. Logistic regression (controlled for gender, gestational age, SGA and BW) showed associations for AT and BPD (OR 3.4 [1.2-10.1], p=0.024), RA (OR 20.4 [4.2-98.9], p≤0.001), transfusions of RBC (OR 11.9 [1.3-105.7], p=0.026) and platelets (OR 8.7 [2.9-26.4], p≤0.001). All VLBWI with positive PCR received AT. We hypothesize from our data by assuming a postnatal aquired CMV infection in VLBWI with AT and negative PCR that VLBWI born SGA have a different risk profile. Further prospective studies concerning postnatal transmission should take VLBWI born SGA into account and should study the impact of infection on short- and long-term complications in this supposed vulnerable group. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

  13. Modelo matemático para estimativa da área foliar total de bananeira 'Prata-anã' Esteem method of total leaf area of 'Prata anã' banana tree

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    Moises Zucoloto

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver um modelo para estimar a área foliar total de bananeira, cultivar Prata-Anã, utilizando dimensões lineares da terceira folha, como o comprimento, a largura e o número total de folhas na emissão da inflorescência. As regressões lineares foram determinadas considerando-se a área foliar total de cada planta (AFT como variável dependente e o comprimento (C e a largura (L da terceira folha, o produto de CxL, o número total de folhas por planta (N e o produto de CxLxN como variáveis independentes. O modelo linear que melhor estimou a área foliar total (AFTe da bananeira 'Prata-Anã', ao nível de 5% de significância com R² de 0,89, foi a equação AFTe = 0,5187(CxLxN + 9603,5.The objective of this work was to estimate the total leaf area of banana, cultivar Prata Anã, according to the linear dimensions of the third leaf, such as the length and the width and the total number of leves in the inflorescence emission. The linear regressions were determined considering total leaf area of each plant (AFT such as dependent variable and the length (C and the width (L of the third leaf, the product of CxL, the total number of leaf per plant (N and the product of CxLxN as independent variables. The best linear model that estimated the total leaf area (AFTe of banana 'Prata Anã' at the level of 5% of significance with R² of 0,89 was the equation AFTe = 0.5187 (CxLxN + 9603.5.

  14. Diagnóstico rápido de citomegalovirus (CMV en pacientes inmunocomprometidos mediante anticuerpos monoclonales que reconocen proteinas precoces virales Rapid diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection in immunocompromised patients by using monoclonal antibodies against early viral antigens

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maritza Alvarez

    1989-06-01

    Full Text Available Se aplicó la técnica de detección de antigenos precoces fluorescentes (DAPF usando el anticuerpo monoclonal E-13 McAb, mediante el cual se lograron detectar 15 casos positivos a CMV de 75 muestras de orina o sangre ("buffy coat" tomadas de 52 pacientes inmunocomprometidos ingresados en el Instituto de Nefrología de ciudad Habana. Aplicando las técnicas clásicas de aislamiento en fibroblastos humanos diploides (MRC-5, se lograron aislar 12 cepas de CMV de casos previamente positivos por DAPF; lográndose además un aislamiento en una muestra reportada negativa por fluorescencia. Se observó una coincidencia de un 80% entre ambas técnicas. Se detectó la presencia de anticuerpos IgG contra CMV en todos los casos estudiados, utilizando para ello la técnica ELISA.A technique was applied to detect early fluorescent antigens (DEFA of cytomegalovirus (CMV using the E13 monoclonal antibodies in 52 immunocompromised patients hospitalized in the Nephrology Institute of Havana. Of the 75 urine or blood (buffy coat samples taken, 15 were found positive to CMV. Using classical diploide human fibroblast isolation technique, 12 CMV strains were isloation of previously detected positive samples by DEFA. In addition, CMV was isolated from one sample reported to be negative by DEFA. A coincidence of 80% was found between both techniques. With the ELISA test, all the sample studied have IgG antibodies to CMV.

  15. Elevated HbA1c levels and the accumulation of differentiated T cells in CMV+ individuals

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Rector, J.L.; Thomas, G.N.; Burns, V.E.; Dowd, J.B.; Herr, R.M.; Moss, P.A.; Jarczok, M.N.; Hoffman, K.; Fischer, J.E.; Bosch, J.A.

    2015-01-01

    Aims/hypothesis: Biological ageing of the immune system, or immunosenescence, predicts poor health and increased mortality. A hallmark of immunosenescence is the accumulation of differentiated cytotoxic T cells (CD27−CD45RA+/−; or dCTLs), partially driven by infection with the cytomegalovirus (CMV).

  16. Avaliação de genótipos de bananeira no norte do Estado do Paraná Evaluation of banana genotypes in the north of Paraná State

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rogério de Sá Borges

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho de 14 genótipos de bananeira na região norte do Estado do Paraná. O experimento foi conduzido sem irrigação em uma propriedade comercial localizada no município de Andirá-PR, no período de 2007 a 2009. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, com oito repetições e uma planta por parcela. O genótipo FHIA 17 destacou-se dos demais, apresentando o melhor conjunto de caracteres agronômicos. Os genótipos PA42-44, PV94-01 e 'BRS Princesa' apresentaram características semelhantes às testemunhas de mesmo subgrupo 'Prata-Anã', 'Pacovan' e 'Maçã', respectivamente, sendo portanto, alternativas de cultivo por serem resistentes às sigatokas-negra e amarela e ao mal-do-Panamá.The aim of this work was to evaluate the performance of fourteen genotypes of banana tree, in the North Region of Paraná State, Brazil. The experiment was installed and carried out, without irrigation, in a commercial field located at Andirá, PR, Brazil, from 2007 to 2009. A completely randomized design with eight replications and one plant per parcel was used. The genotype FHIA 17 was outstanding of the rest presenting the best set of agronomic characters. The genotypes PA42-44, PV94-01 and 'BRS Princesa' presented similar characteristics to the controls of the same sub-group 'Prata Anã', 'Pacovan' and 'Maçã', respectively, being alternatives of grow by its resistance to the black and yellow sigatokas and fusarium wilt.

  17. Concentração de bap e a eficiência de micropropagação de bananeira tetraplóide (grupo AAAB Bap concentration and tetraploid banana micropropagation efficiency (AAAB group

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Roberto Pedroso de Oliveira

    2001-03-01

    Full Text Available Com o objetivo de desenvolver um procedimento eficiente para a produção de mudas de bananeiras tetraplóides (Musa sp. cv. FHIA-01, grupo AAAB estudou-se o efeito do clone no desenvolvimento in vitro dos explantes e as taxas de contaminação, multiplicação e nível de oxidação em meios de cultura contendo cinco concentrações de BAP. Na fase de introdução in vitro dos explantes, foi observada elevada taxa de contaminação (22,32%, causada, principalmente, por bactérias. No entanto, os níveis de contaminação decresceram na seqüência dos subcultivos, tendo sido de 1,07% no oitavo subcultivo. As maiores taxas de multiplicação foram obtidas no meio de cultura MS com 4,0 mg L-1 de BAP, em média de 2,65 plântulas por subcultivo, possibilitando a produção estimada de 584 plântulas de FHIA-01 por explante inicial no sexto e 3451 no oitavo subcultivo. Em função do clone, houve a produção estimada de 305 a 4497 plântulas por explante inicial, após oito subculturas. A eficiência de aclimatização das plântulas foi de 94%, não sendo encontrados variantes somaclonais em condições de casa-de-vegetação.The objective of the present work was to establish an efficient procedure for the in vitro production of tetraploid banana plantlets (Musa sp. cv. FHIA-01, AAAB group. The cloning effect on the in vitro development of the explants, the rates of contamination and multiplication, and the level of oxidation in culture media with five benzylaminopurine (BAP concentrations were studied. In the phase of in vitro introduction of explants, a high level of contamination (22.32%, caused mainly by bacteria, was observed. However, the degree of contamination decreased along the subcultures, reaching 1.07% in the eighth subculture. Higher multiplication rates were obtained, averaging 2.65 per subculture, on the MS media supplemented with 4.0 mg L-1 BAP, leading to an estimated production of 584 and 3451 plantlets/initial explant after

  18. CD4:8 ratio >5 is associated with a dominant naive T-cell phenotype and impaired physical functioning in CMV-seropositive very elderly people: results from the BELFRAIL study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Adriaensen, Wim; Derhovanessian, Evelyna; Vaes, Bert; Van Pottelbergh, Gijs; Degryse, Jean-Marie; Pawelec, Graham; Hamprecht, Klaus; Theeten, Heidi; Matheï, Catharina

    2015-02-01

    A subset of older people is at increased risk of hospitalization and dependency. Emerging evidence suggests that immunosenescence reflected by an inverted CD4:8 ratio and cytomegalovirus (CMV) seropositivity plays an important role in the pathophysiology of functional decline. Nevertheless, the relation between CD4:8 ratio and functional outcome has rarely been investigated. Here, CD4:8 ratio and T-cell phenotypes of 235 community-dwelling persons aged ≥81.5 years in the BELFRAIL study and 25 younger persons (mean age 28.5 years) were analyzed using polychromatic flow cytometry. In the elderly persons, 7.2% had an inverted CD4:8 ratio, which was associated with CMV seropositivity, less naive, and more late-differentiated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. However, 32.8% had a CD4:8 ratio >5, a phenotype associated with a higher proportion of naive T cells and absent in young donors. In CMV seropositives, this subgroup had lower proportions of late-differentiated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and weaker anti-CMV immunoglobulin G reactivity. This novel naive T-cell-dominated phenotype was counterintuitively associated with a higher proportion of those with impaired physical functioning in the very elderly people infected with CMV. This underscores the notion that in very elderly people, not merely CMV infection but also the state of its accompanying immune dysregulation is of crucial importance with regard to physical impairment. © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

  19. Emerging (val)ganciclovir resistance during treatment of congenital CMV infection: a case report and review of the literature.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Morillo-Gutierrez, Beatriz; Waugh, Sheila; Pickering, Ailsa; Flood, Terence; Emonts, Marieke

    2017-08-22

    Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection is an important illness that is a common cause of hearing loss in newborn infants and a major cause of disability in children. For that reason, treatment of symptomatic patients with either ganciclovir or its pro-drug valganciclovir is recommended. Treatment duration of 6 months has been shown to be more beneficial than shorter courses; however, there is uncertainty regarding emergence of resistance strains, secondary effects and long term sequelae. Here we present a female infant with symptomatic cCMV who was treated from day 5 of life with oral valganciclovir. In spite of close monitoring of her drug levels and increments of her treatment dose according to weight gain, she developed ganciclovir resistance after 4 months of treatment, with increasing viraemia and petechiae. Adherence to treatment was assessed and felt to be good. Clinically, although she had marked developmental delay, she was making steady progress. In view of the development of resistance treatment was stopped at 5 months of age. No secondary effects of ganciclovir were noted during the whole course. There were few cases in the literature reporting resistance to ganciclovir for cCMV before the new recommendations for a 6 months treatment course for this infection were published. As demonstrated in our patient, surveillance with periodic viral loads and drug monitoring are vital to identify emerging resistance and optimise antiviral dosing according to weight gain.

  20. Development of modulation strategies for NPC converter addressing DC link voltage balancing and CMV reduction

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Boian, D.; Biris, C.; Teodorescu, Remus

    2012-01-01

    3L-NPC inverters are more popular due to their superior performance compared with two level inverters. One of the most optimal applications for multilevel inverter is the Adjustable Speed Drives (ASD). The industry reported numerous ASD failures due to high frequency PWM. Those failures consist i...... strategies is to reduce the Common Mode Voltage (CMV) and balance the DC Link Voltage....

  1. Emergence of antiviral resistance during oral valganciclovir treatment of an infant with congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Choi, K Yeon; Sharon, B; Balfour, H H; Belani, K; Pozos, T C; Schleiss, M R

    2013-08-01

    Congenital infection with human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a major cause of morbidity, including sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), in newborns. Antiviral therapy with ganciclovir (GCV) and its oral prodrug, valganciclovir (VAL-GCV) are increasingly being administered to infected infants, toward the goal of improving neurodevelopmental and auditory outcomes. In this case report, we describe a symptomatic congenitally infected infant treated with VAL-GCV in whom GCV resistance was suspected, based on a 50-fold increase in viral load after 6 weeks of oral therapy. Analyses of CMV sequences from both blood and urine demonstrated populations of viruses with M460V and L595F mutations in the UL97 phosphotransferase gene. In contrast, analysis of viral DNA retrieved from the newborn dried blood spot demonstrated wild-type UL97 sequences. DNAemia resolved after the discontinuation of VAL-GCV. Long-term VAL-GCV therapy in congenitally infected infants can select for resistant viral variants, and anticipatory virological monitoring may be warranted. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  2. Progress of black sigatoka (Mycosphaerella fijiensis) in banana plants after the bunch emergence in the district of Cáceres, Mato-Grosso-Brazil

    OpenAIRE

    Martins, Márcia Benedita; Valente, João Pedro; Kobayasti, Leimi; Gasparotto, Luadir

    2007-01-01

    A sigatoka-negra, causada pelo fungo Mycosphaerella fijiensis, pode causar 100% de perdas na produção das cultivares suscetíveis. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o progresso da sigatoka-negra em bananeiras após a emissão do cacho no Município de Cáceres, Mato Grosso. O experimento foi conduzido no período de fevereiro a dezembro de 2004 em plantios das cultivares Grande Naine, Maçã e Farta Velhaco, sendo esta última uma cultivar de plátano, do grupo Terra. As avaliações foram efetuadas ...

  3. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with roots of banana cultivated in the Submédio São Francisco Valley

    OpenAIRE

    Melo, Adriana Mayumi Yano de; Maia, Leonor Costa; Morgado, Luiz Balbino

    1997-01-01

    Na região do Vale do São Francisco, onde a exploração da agricultura irrigada é a principal responsável pela alta produção de frutas para exportação, a banana é uma das culturas que mais tem se expandido em área cultivada. Com o objetivo de registrar os fungos micorrízicos arbusculares associados a essa cultura, foram coletadas, sob a parte aérea da bananeira, amostras de solo da rizosfera, em quatro áreas com diferentes características de solo, sendo identificadas as espécies: Acaulospora lo...

  4. The antiviral protein human lactoferrin is distributed in the body to cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection-prone cells and tissues

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Beljaars, Leonie; Bakker, Hester I; van der Strate, Barry W A; Smit, Catharina; Duijvestijn, Adrian M; Meijer, Dirk K F; Molema, Grietje

    Purpose. Lactoferrin has anti-Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and -HIV properties in vitro. However, the pharmacokinetic behavior of the 80-kD protein has not been well defined. We, therefore, assessed the plasma decay and body distribution of lactoferrin after intravenous administration to freely moving

  5. Caracterização morfológica e avaliação de cultivares de bananeira resistentes a Sigatoka Negra (Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet no sudoeste goiano Morphologic characterization and evaluation of banana cultivars resistant to the Black Sigatoka disease (Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet in the Southwest of the State of Goiás, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Silvia Correa Santos

    2006-12-01

    Full Text Available Cinco cultivares de bananeira resistentes a Sigatoka Negra foram cultivadas na área experimental da Universidade Federal de Goiás, no município de Jataí, localizado na região Sudoeste do Estado. O objetivo foi introduzir genótipos resistentes a Sigatoka Negra no Estado, bem como fazer a caracterização morfológica desses materiais nessas condições climáticas. O trabalho foi realizado por meio da avaliação, em três ciclos produtivos, dos seguintes componentes de produção: intervalo em dias entre o plantio e o florescimento, número de folhas no florescimento e na colheita, número de pencas por cacho, frutos por cacho e frutos por penca, comprimento do cacho e dos frutos e peso do engaço, das pencas e do cacho. As cultivares falsa FHIA-18 e Caipira produziram em média aos 393 dias, apresentando maior precocidade em relação às demais cultivares. Como era esperado, a FHIA-21, que é uma bananeira tipo Terra, apresentou um ciclo maior (488 dias. O clima e a altitude de Jataí-GO podem ter contribuído para o aumento do ciclo das cinco cultivares quando comparado com outras regiões. Para as características de produção, a FHIA-01 e a falsa FHIA-18 se destacaram das demais. Para o número de pencas, a Thap Maeo se destacou nos três ciclos, mostrando a característica deste genótipo. As maiores alturas na floração foram observadas nas cultivares FHIA-21 e Thap Maeo, que também foram as que mais sofreram com os efeitos do vento.Five banana cultivars resistant to the Black Sigatoka Disease were grown at the experimental field of the Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG, located in the Southwest region of the State of Goiás (Brazil. This work aimed the introduction of Black Sigatoka resistant cultivars as well as the characterization of the morphological aspects of such cultivars at that climatic region. The following characteristics were evaluated, in the first three cycles: days between planting and flowering, leaf number at

  6. Diagnose nutricional para nitrogênio e potássio em bananeira por meio do sistema integrado de diagnose e recomendação (DRIS e de níveis críticos The N and K diagnosis on banana plants using the diagnosis and recommendation integrated system (DRIS and critical value approach

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    LUIZ ANTONIO JUNQUEIRA TEIXEIRA

    2002-08-01

    Full Text Available A partir de resultados de um experimento de campo com arranjo fatorial, no qual foi estudada a resposta à aplicação de N e K em bananeira, em dois ciclos de cultivo, avaliou-se o desempenho do diagnóstico nutricional para esses nutrientes, empregando-se o sistema integrado de diagnose e recomendação (DRIS e o critério de níveis críticos (NC. As situações nas quais se diagnosticou deficiência, foram classificadas como positivas (+, aquelas cujo diagnóstico indicou suficiência, como negativas (-. Em função da resposta na produção de frutos à aplicação de N ou K, classificaram-se os diagnósticos como verdadeiros (V ou falsos (F, resultando nas quatro possibilidades V+, V-, F+ e F-. Em relação ao N, a eficiência (%V+ e %V- dos diagnósticos baseados em NC foi de 48%; com o DRIS, foi de 69%. Para K, a eficiência dos diagnósticos feitos a partir do DRIS e NC foi de 63%. A proporção de diagnósticos de deficiência que se confirmaram com respostas positivas à aplicação de N em relação aos falsos positivos (%V+¸%F+, foi de 1,50 para o DRIS e de 0,68 para NC. Para os diagnósticos de deficiência de K, essa proporção foi de 1,67 para DRIS e NC. A variação líquida no rendimento (48 casos decorrente da aplicação de N associada a diagnósticos corretos foi de 124 t ha¹ para o DRIS e de 20 t ha¹ para NC. Para K, essa variação foi de 70 t ha¹ para o DRIS e NC.The Performance of DRIS and critical value approach (CVA diagnostics were evaluated based on leaf analysis from a field experiment on a factorial design to study the yield response of banana to N and K applications during two crop seasons. The situations identified as deficient were classified as positives (+ and those diagnosed as sufficient, were classified as negatives (-. According to the response on yield due the application of N or K, the diagnostics were classified as true (V or false (F. Four combinations were possible: V+, V-, F+ and F-. The

  7. Ocorrência de hepatites não-anão-B em unidade de hemodiálise

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Clarina Takahashi

    1988-09-01

    Full Text Available A monitorização mensal de alanina aminotransferase (ALT sérica de pacientes em hemodiálise e os testes sorológicos para exclusões de infecções por vírus da hepatite A (HAV, vírus da hepatite B (HBV, citomegalovirus (CMV e vírus Epstein-Barr (EBV, permitiu-nos identificar 11 casos de hepatites não-A, não-B em 111 indivíduos avaliados durante o período de 12 meses e acompanhados por 2 anos. Foram observados 3 padrões de atividade de ALT: elevação em pico monofásico em 2, bifásico ou polifásico em 6 e em platô em 3 pacientes. Individíduos com padrão monofásico exibiram os níveis mais elevados de ALT. Cinco pacientes apresentaram normalização bioquímica persistente 4,8 meses em média após o início da elevação aguda e seis evoluíram com ascensão crônica de ALT durante o período de estudo. A hepatite não-A, não-B foi, predominantemente, assintomática e anictérica, sempre antecedida por transfusões sangüíneas e com maior incidência nos seis primeiros meses de terapia dialítica dos pacientes.

  8. Conversion from tacrolimus-mycophenolate mofetil to tacrolimus-mTOR immunosuppression after kidney-pancreas transplantation reduces the incidence of both BK and CMV viremia.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Knight, Richard J; Graviss, Edward A; Nguyen, Duc T; Kuten, Samantha A; Patel, Samir J; Gaber, Lillian; Gaber, A Osama

    2018-04-19

    We sought to determine whether conversion from tacrolimus/mycophenolate mofetil (TAC-MMF) into tacrolimus/mTOR inhibitor (TAC-mTOR) immunosuppression would reduce the incidences of BK and CMV viremia after kidney/pancreas (KP) transplantation. In this single-center review, the TAC-mTOR cohort (n = 39) was converted at 1 month post-transplant to an mTOR inhibitor and reduced-dose tacrolimus. Outcomes were compared to a cohort of KP recipients (n = 40) maintained on TAC-MMF. At 3 years post-transplant, KP survivals and incidences of kidney/pancreas rejection were equivalent between mTOR and MMF-treated cohorts. (P = ns). BK viremia-free survival was better for the mTOR vs MMF-treated group (P = .004). In multivariate analysis, MMF vs mTOR immunosuppression was an independent risk factor for BK viremia (hazard ratio 12.27, P = .02). Similarly, mTOR-treated recipients displayed better CMV infection-free survival compared to the MMF-treated cohort (P = .01). MMF vs mTOR immunosuppression (hazard ratio 18.77, P = .001) and older recipient age (hazard ratio 1.13 per year, P = .006) were independent risk factors for CMV viremia. Mean estimated GFR and HgbA1c levels were equivalent between groups at 1, 2, and 3 years post-transplantation. Conversion from TAC/MMF into TAC/mTOR immunosuppression after KP transplantation reduced the incidences of BK and CMV viremia with an equivalent risk of acute rejection and similar renal/pancreas function. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  9. Donor Vδ1+ γδ T cells expand after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and show reactivity against CMV-infected cells but not against progressing B-CLL.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Prinz, Immo; Thamm, Kristina; Port, Matthias; Weissinger, Eva M; Stadler, Michael; Gabaev, Ildar; Jacobs, Roland; Ganser, Arnold; Koenecke, Christian

    2013-05-11

    γδ T lymphocytes play an important role in immune reactions towards infections and malignancies. In particular, Vγ9-Vδ1+ T lymphocytes are thought to play protective antiviral roles in human CMV infection. Recently, Vδ1+ T lymphocytes were proposed to also have anti- B-CLL reactivity. Here we report a case of 48-year-old man who received allogeneic stem cell transplantation for progressive B-CLL. Within one year after transplantation, lymphoma relapsed despite a dramatic increase of Vδ1+ T cells in the patient's blood. In vitro killing assays revealed activity of patient's γδ cells against CMV target cells, but not against the relapsing lymphoma-cells. This argues for a contribution of Vδ1+ cells in the immune reaction against CMV reactivation, but does not support a strong correlation of expanded Vδ1+ T cells and favorable disease outcome in B-CLL patients.

  10. Nitrogênio e potássio na produtividade e qualidade da bananeira cultivar Thap Maeo Nitrogen and potassium on yield and quality of banana cultivar Thap Maeo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Adônis Moreira

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available O experimento foi realizado em Latossolo Amarelo distrófico da Amazônia Central e teve por objetivo verificar o efeito de doses nitrogênio e de potássio sobre a produtividade e a qualidade dos frutos da bananeira cultivar Thap Maeo (triplóide - AAB. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 3x4, com os seguintes tratamentos: três doses de N (0, 267 e 534 kg ha-1 ciclo - fonte: uréia e quatro doses de K2O (200, 800, 1600 e 2400 kg ha-1 ciclo - fonte: cloreto de potássio, com três repetições e dois ciclos de colheita. Pelos resultados, constatou-se que o diâmetro do fruto, pH e sólidos solúveis totais não foram influenciados pelas doses de N e K2O. A partir do segundo ciclo, independentemente da dose de N, a aplicação de altas concentrações de potássio diminuiu a resistência da polpa. O aumento das doses de N até 534 kg ha-1 reduziu a produtividade. No segundo ciclo houve interação significativa entre as doses de N e de K2O, sendo a maior produção obtida com aplicação de 1600 kg ha-1 de K2O.The experiment was carried out in a Xanthic Ferralsol (dystrophic Yellow Latosol of Central Amazon with the objective to verify the effect of nitrogen and potassium rates on yield and quality of banana cultivar Thap Maeo (triploid - AAB. The experimental design was factorial randomized blocks (3x4, with the following treatments: three N rates (0, 267 and 534 kg per ha cycle - source: urea and four K2O rates (200, 800, 1600 and 2400 kg per ha cycle - source: potassium chloride, with three replicates and two cycles of harvest. The results showed that N and K rates did not affect the diameter of fruits, acidity and total soluble solids. After the first cycle, regardless of N rates, the application of K2O rates reduced the resistance of pulp. Banana yield reduced with increased N rates. In the second cycle, K2O rates showed significant interaction with N, and the largest yield was obtained

  11. Registo da Infecção Congénita por Vírus Citomegálico Humano

    OpenAIRE

    Paixão, P; Neto, MT; Brito, MJ; Rocha, G; Marques, T

    2011-01-01

    Introdução: O HCMV é a principal causa de infecção congénita em todo o mundo. Estima-se que em Portugal a prevalência se situe entre 0,7% e 1%. Em 2006 teve início o registo nacional de casos de infecção congénita por CMV realizado pela Unidade de Vigilância Pediátrica da Sociedade Portuguesa de Pediatria (UVP–SPP). O objectivo foi conhecer a epidemiologia da infecção congénita por CMV em Portugal e a evolução das crianças afectadas. Um outro objectivo era preparar um protocolo de di...

  12. MANUTENÇÃO DE FOLHAS ATIVAS EM BANANEIRA-'NANICÃO' POR MEIO DO MANEJO DAS ADUBAÇÕES NITROGENADA E POTÁSSICA E DA IRRIGAÇÃO IMPROVING LIFE SPAN OF THE BANANA LEAVES THROUGH NITROGEN AND POTASSIUM FERTILIZATION AND IRRIGATION

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    LUIZ ANTONIO JUNQUEIRA TEIXEIRA

    2001-12-01

    Full Text Available Realizou-se um experimento de campo, em Jaboticabal-SP, com o objetivo de estudar a resposta da bananeira (Musa AAA subgrupo Cavendish-'Nanicão' à adubação nitrogenada e potássica, sob irrigação e sequeiro, durante duas safras. Empregou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com os tratamentos em parcelas subdivididas, sendo as parcelas principais constituídas por dois regimes hídricos: irrigado (microaspersão e sequeiro, e as subparcelas, pelas combinações de quatro doses de N (0; 200; 400 e 800 kg ha-1de N e quatro de K (0; 300; 600 e 900 kg ha-1de K2O. O bananal foi cultivado de acordo com as recomendações atuais, tomando-se cuidados especiais com o controle preventivo de sigatoca-amarela e com o manejo da irrigação. Por meio da análise do número de folhas ativas (>50% da área verde nas épocas da emissão da inflorescência (NFE e da colheita (NFC, do índice de durabilidade foliar (IDF=NFC¸NFE´100 e dos teores de N e K na folha-índice, avaliaram-se os efeitos da irrigação e da aplicação de doses crescentes de N e K sobre as condições das folhas. Nos dois ciclos de cultivo, houve efeito da adubação potássica e da irrigação sobre o estado das folhas (pA field experiment was carried out in São Paulo State, Brazil, with the objective of investigating the response of 'Nanicão' banana (Musa AAA Cavendish subgroup to nitrogen and potassium fertilization, under irrigated and non-irrigated conditions, during two crop seasons. A split-plot design was used with irrigation (micro-sprinkler and no irrigation applied to main plots and a combination of four rates of N (0, 200, 400 and 800 kg N ha-1 and K (0, 300, 600 and 900 kg K2O ha-1 as the sub-plots treatments. The area was managed according to regional recommendations; special attention was paid to disease control and irrigation management. The effects of treatments on life span of leaves were assessed counting leaves at flowering (NFE and at bunch

  13. Comportamento fitotécnico da bananeira 'Prata-Anã' e de seus híbridos Phytotechnical behavior of 'Prata-Anã' banana and progeny hybrids

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sérgio Luiz Rodrigues Donato

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento fitotécnico da bananeira 'Prata-Anã' e de quatro híbridos descendentes, em dois ciclos de produção, no Perímetro Irrigado do Estreito, sudoeste da Bahia. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos: cultivar Prata-Anã e os híbridos Fhia-01 (BRS Fhia Maravilha, BRS Fhia-18, Fhia-18 e PA42-44, com dez repetições. Foram mensurados os descritores fenotípicos vegetativos, os de ciclo e os de rendimento. Foram observados os seguintes incrementos entre ciclos: na altura da planta, no perímetro do pseudocaule, no número de pencas e de frutos, e na produtividade. O híbrido Fhia-18 apresentou maior porte e perímetro do pseudocaule, a 'Prata-Anã' menor porte (com manutenção desse caráter no PA42-44. Os híbridos foram similares quanto ao número de filhos emitidos. Os híbridos BRS Fhia-18, Fhia-1 e PA42-44 foram mais precoces para a colheita e apresentaram frutos com maior comprimento que a genitora. Fhia-18 apresentou maior quantidade de frutos e PA42-44 menor número de pencas em comparação à genitora. Os híbridos BRS Fhia-18, Fhia-18 e Fhia-1 são mais produtivos que a genitora. 'Prata-Anã' é a mais suscetível à sigatoka-amarela, e PA42-44 é resistente e com maior retenção de folhas na colheita, porém, similar à genitora em produtividade.The objective of this work was to evaluate the phytotechnical behavior of 'Prata-Anã' banana and four progeny hybrids, during two production cycles, in the Perímetro Irrigado do Estreito, southwest of Bahia state, Brazil. The experimental design was completely randomized with five treatments: cultivar 'Prata-Anã' and the hybrids Fhia-01 (BRS Fhia Maravilha, BRS Fhia-18, Fhia 18 and PA42-44, with ten replicates. Phenotypic vegetative descriptors, cycle length and yield were measured. Increases occurred between cycles for: plant height, pseudostem perimeter, number of hands and fruits, and

  14. In vitro inactivation of Chlamydia trachomatis and of a panel of DNA (HSV-2, CMV, adenovirus, BK virus) and RNA (RSV, enterovirus) viruses by the spermicide benzalkonium chloride.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bélec, L; Tevi-Benissan, C; Bianchi, A; Cotigny, S; Beumont-Mauviel, M; Si-Mohamed, A; Malkin, J E

    2000-11-01

    Kinetics of inactivation by the detergent spermicide benzalkonium chloride (BZK) of Chlamydia trachomatis and of a panel of DNA viruses [herpes simplex virus hominis type 2 (HSV-2), cytomegalovirus (CMV), adenovirus (ADV) and BK virus (BKV)] and RNA [respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and enterovirus (ENV)] were established in accordance with a standardized in vitro protocol. After a 5 min incubation, inactivation of >95% of HSV-2 and CMV was obtained at a concentration of 0.0025% (w/v) (25 Ig/L); concentrations as low as 0.0005%, 0.0050% and 0.0125%, induced a 3.0 log10 reduction in infectivity of HSV-2 and CMV, RSV and ADV, respectively. After a 60 min incubation, concentrations of 0.0125% and 0.050% provided a 3.0 log10 reduction in infectivity of ENV and BKV, respectively. These features indicate that sensitivity to BZK was very high (HSV-2 and CMV) or high (RSV) for enveloped viruses, intermediate (ADV) or low (ENV and BKV) for non-enveloped viruses. Furthermore, BZK had marked antichlamydial activity, showing >99% killing after only a 1 min incubation at a concentration of 0.00125%. BZK demonstrates potent in vitro activity against the majority of microorganisms causing sexually transmitted infectious diseases, including those acting as major genital cofactors of human immunodeficiency virus transmission. These attributes qualify BZK as a particularly attractive candidate for microbicide development.

  15. [Molecular tests in diagnosis of Cytomegalovirus (CMV), human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) using real-time PCR in HIV positive and HIV-negative pregnant women in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ouedraogo, Alice Rogomenoma; Kabre, Madeleine; Bisseye, Cyrille; Zohoncon, Théodora Mahoukèdè; Asshi, Maleki; Soubeiga, Serge Théophile; Diarra, Birama; Traore, Lassina; Djigma, Florencia Wendkuuni; Ouermi, Djénéba; Pietra, Virginio; Barro, Nicolas; Simpore, Jacques

    2016-01-01

    Herpesvirus EBV, CMV and HHV-6 are viruses that evolve based on pandemic modeling and are responsible for congenital infections causing severe sequelae in infants. This study aims to determine the prevalence of CMV, EBV and HHV-6 among HIV (+) and HIV (-) pregnant women in Ouagadougou. In this study 200 blood plasma samples taken from pregnant women, of whom 100 with HIV(+) and 100 with HIV(-), were analyzed using multiplex real-time PCR which detected three infections (EBV, CMV and HHV-6). Out of the 200 samples tested, 18(9.0%) were positive for at least one of the three viruses, 12(6.0%) were positive for EBV, 13(6.5%) were positive for CMV and 12(6.0%) were positive for HHV-6. Among the 18 cases with infections, 10 cases (55.6%) had co-infections of whom 90.0% (9/10) with multiple EBV/CMV/HHV6 infection and 10.0% with EBV/HHV6 co-infection. HHVs infection rate was higher among HIV (-) pregnant women than among HIV (+) pregnant women (12.0% versus 6.0%). Among HIV (+) pregnant women, PCR showed 7.1% (6/85) of HHVs infection in patients who were not treated with ARV against 0% in those treated with ARVs. Herpes virus infections are a common condition in pregnant women in Burkina Faso. They may represent a real threat to pregnant women because of complications and risks of infection in infants.

  16. Effectiveness of hCMV, mEF1a and mAct promoters on driving of foreign gene expression in transgenic zebrafish

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    . Alimuddin

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available Highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA, especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA have long been recognized for its beneficial effect for human health and development.   The D6 fatty acid desaturase is generally considered to be the rate-limiting factor in HUFA biosynthesis.  Here, as the first step of study, we conducted experiment to select an appropriate construct that allows higher expression levels of masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou D6-desaturase gene in zebrafish (Danio rerio in order to increase its activity for synthesizing EPA/DHA.  Salmon D6-desaturase cDNA (sD6 was separately ligated with human cytomegalovirus (hCMV, medaka elongation factor 1a (mEF1a and medaka b-actin (mAct promoters.  The resulted construct was designated as hCMV-sD6, mEF1a-sD6 and mAct-sD6, respectively.  Each of the constructs in circular DNA form was microinjected into 1-cell stage embryos at a concentration of 30mg/ml. Transgenic individuals were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR and their expression levels were analyzed by reverse transcription PCR.  The first (F1 and second (F2 generation was produced by crossing the transgenic founder F0 and F1, respectively, with wild-type fish.  The results showed that the highest transient gene expression level was obtained from the mAct-D6 construct, followed respectively by EF1a-D6 and hCMV-D6 construct. The transmission rate of transgene into F1 generation was 4.2%-44.1%, and into F2 was followed the Mendellian segregation pattern.   Expression of transgene in F2 generation was varied between strains regarding as the mosaics of F0 fish.  Now, a transgenic system to study the modification of fatty acid biosynthesis pathways in fish was established.  Further investigations are to produce fish containing higher levels of EPA and DHA. Keywords: desaturase, nutraceutical fatty acid, transgenic, zebrafish, masu salmon   Abstrak Promoter merupakan regulator yang menentukan

  17. Suscetibilidade de oito cultivares de bananeira à sigatoka-amarela na região de Marília (SP Susceptibility to sigatoka of eight banana cultivars in the region of Marília, State of São Paulo, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luiz Antonio Junqueira Teixeira

    1996-01-01

    Full Text Available A suscetibilidade de oito cultivares de bananeira à sigatoka-amarela (Mycosphaerella musicola foi avaliada em um experimento de campo, na região de Marília (SP. Três cultivares pertenciam ao Grupo AAA ('Nanicão', 'Nanicão Jangada' e 'Grande Naine' e cinco, ao AAB ('Prata', 'Enxerto', 'Maçã', 'Mysore' e 'Prata Zulu'. O experimento foi implantado em fevereiro de 1992 e, durante os três primeiros anos, não foi feito controle de sigatoka. A suscetibilidade dos materiais foi estimada mediante avaliações em três épocas: março de 93, abril e julho de 94. Na primeira avaliação, foi contado o número de manchas na segunda folha e, nas outras, foram atribuídas notas de acordo com a intensidade dos sintomas. Os cultivares foram agrupados em três classes: altamente suscetível (AS, suscetível (S ou parcialmente resistente (PR. Nenhum dos cultivares pôde ser considerado imune, pois todos apresentaram lesões foliares. Os cultivares mais suscetíveis foram os do Grupo AAA, Subgrupo Cavendish ('Nanicão', 'Grande Naine' e 'Nanicão Jangada' e 'Enxerto' (AAB. 'Mysore' (AAB e 'Prata Zulu' (AAB foram classificados como parcialmente resistentes. 'Prata' (AAB e 'Maçã' (AAB mostraram-se medianamente suscetíveis.Susceptibility of eight banana cultivars to sigatoka caused by Mycosphaerella musicola was assessed in a field experiment in the region of Marília, State of São Paulo. Three cultivars were members of AAA Group ('Nanicão', 'Nanicão Jangada' and 'Grande Naine' and five belonged to AAB Group ('Prata', 'Enxerto', 'Maçã', 'Mysore' and 'Prata Zulu'. The experiment was established in February, 1992, and during the first three years, sigatoka disease was not controlled. Susceptibility was assessed in three occasions: March, 1993, April and July, 1994. In the first, it was counted the number of spots on the second leaf, and in the others, the plants were graded according to the amount of leaf scorch due to sigatoka. The cultivars were

  18. Adubação mineral, adubação orgânica e calagem na cultura da bananeira no litoral de Santos - Estado de São Paulo Banana fertilizing experiments at the coast of São Paulo

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    João Ferreira da Cunha

    1963-01-01

    Full Text Available São apresentados os resultados de ensaios de adubação da bananeira com fertilizantes químicos e orgânicos (sob a forma de tortas oleaginosas e com calagem, obtidos em solo argiloso, comumente usado na cultura dessa planta na região do litoral do Estado de São Paulo. Os ensaios foram efetuados no sítio Trindade, Município de Santos. Os ensaios com adubos químicos foram feitos em três séries, com quatro níveis dos elementos N, P e K. Os resultados mostraram que quando os adubos foram aplicados isoladamente, os seus efeitos foram pràticamente nulos. Quando usados juntamente com doses duplas dos outros dois adubos, houve, em todos os casos, aumento linear de produção. Há indicação de que maiores aumentos de produção poderão ser obtidos se forem usadas dosagens mais elevadas do que as aplicadas nos ensaios. O ensaio com tortas de algodão e de mamona revelou sensível aumento de produção com a aplicação dêsses adubos. Os resultados obtidos com os dois tipos de torta parecem demonstrar que não existem diferenças expressivas entre êles. O exame das produções obtidas com a calagem do solo, utilizando-se carbonato de cálcio, revelou que não houve nenhum aumento de produção resultante da aplicação desse tratamento.This paper reports about the results of banana fertilizing experiments conducted in the coastal region of the State of São Paulo on a farm near Santos. These experiments on clay soil - as is common for cultures with this plant - were carried out by using chemical fertilizer, organic fertilizer (oil seed meals and lime. It was observed that with the application of each element of the mineral N, P and K, isolatedly, its effect was none. However, applied m combination with double dosing of the other two fertilizers, the yields increased invariably and regularly in an ascending way. The experiment with oil seed meals revealed a sensible increase in production, though no appreciable difference was observed

  19. Nitrogênio e potássio em bananeira via fertirrigação e adubação convencional-atributos químicos do solo Nitrogen and potassium application on banana plant by fertirrigation and conventional fertilization-soil chemical properties

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    Luiz Antônio Junqueira Teixeira

    2007-04-01

    Full Text Available Realizou-se um experimento em Pindorama (SP, no qual se avaliaram os efeitos da fertirrigação e da adubação convencional com N e K em alguns atributos químicos de solo sob cultivo com bananeira, durante dois ciclos de produção. Avaliaram-se a disponibilidade e a movimentação de nutrientes (P, K, Ca e Mg no perfil do solo, bem como outros atributos químicos (matéria orgânica, acidez e saturação por bases, por meio de amostragens realizadas na implantação do experimento e ao final do primeiro e segundo ciclos de produção. Os principais efeitos dos tratamentos foram no pH do solo e no teor de K+ trocável. A adubação, tanto aplicada via fertirrigação como na forma convencional, implicou incrementos na acidez do solo, principalmente até 20 cm de profundidade. Observou-se que o impacto da adubação via fertirrigação no pH do solo foi proporcional à dose. A adubação convencional também causou decréscimo no pH, especialmente na região mais próxima das plantas, refletindo o efeito da aplicação localizada dos fertilizantes. A aplicação de adubo sólido na superfície do solo determinou significativo acúmulo de K nas camadas até 20 cm e na região mais próxima ao pseudocaule das plantas. Os efeitos da adubação via fertirrigação foram mais difusos, visto que os adubos são espalhados numa área de solo maior do que a coberta pela adubação convencional.A field experiment was carried out in Pindorama (Sao Paulo State, Brazil in which it was evaluated the effects of N and K application through fertirrigation and conventional fertilization on soil chemical properties in a banana plantation, during two cycles of production. Nutrient (P, K, Ca and Mg availability and movement in soil profile and some chemical properties (organic matter, pH and base saturation were evaluated through samples carried out in the experiment implantation and at the end of the first and second production cycles. The most important treatment

  20. Progresso da sigatoka-negra (Mycosphaerella fijiensis em bananeiras após a emissão do cacho no Município de Cáceres, Mato Grosso-Brasil Progress of black sigatoka (Mycosphaerella fijiensis in banana plants after the bunch emergence in the district of Cáceres, Mato-Grosso-Brazil

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    Márcia Benedita Martins

    2007-09-01

    Full Text Available A sigatoka-negra, causada pelo fungo Mycosphaerella fijiensis, pode causar 100% de perdas na produção das cultivares suscetíveis. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o progresso da sigatoka-negra em bananeiras após a emissão do cacho no Município de Cáceres, Mato Grosso. O experimento foi conduzido no período de fevereiro a dezembro de 2004 em plantios das cultivares Grande Naine, Maçã e Farta Velhaco, sendo esta última uma cultivar de plátano, do grupo Terra. As avaliações foram efetuadas a intervalos de 15 dias, quantificando-se, através de uma escala diagramática, a severidade da sigatoka-negra em todas as folhas de 5 plantas de cada cultivar, marcadas logo após a emissão das inflorescências. A partir dos dados coletados no campo, computaram-se: a severidade da doença na folha n.º 10 e o número de folhas viáveis. Considerou-se como folha viável as folhas sadias e aquelas com até 15% de área foliar lesionada. Os dados de temperatura e da umidade relativa foram registrados por um aparelho eletrônico instalado na área. A precipitação pluvial foi registrada na Estação meteorológica de Cáceres, distante 12 km do experimento. As condições climáticas foram favoráveis à sigatoka negra durante o ano todo e as plantas das cultivares Grande Naine, Maçã e Farta Velhaco após a emissão do cacho, perderam totalmente as folhas antes dos frutos atingirem o pleno desenvolvimento, cujos prejuízos no primeiro semestre atingiram 100% de perdas na produção comercializável.The black sigatoka, caused by Mycosphaerella fijiensis may cause 100% of yield losses in susceptible cultivars. The objective of this work was to evaluate the progress of the black sigatoka in banana plants after the bunch emergence, in the district of Cáceres, Mato Grosso State - Brazil. The experiment was carried out from February to December 2004, in banana cultivars "Grande Naine" and "Maçã", as well as plantain cultivar Farta Velhaco (Terra

  1. Fontes de silício no desenvolvimento de plântulas de bananeira 'Maçã' micropropagadas Sources of silicon in the development of micropropagated seedlings of banana 'Maçã'

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    Simone Abreu Asmar

    2011-07-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes fontes de silício durante a fase de enraizamento in vitro de bananeira 'Maçã' por meio de análise fisiológica, fitotécnica e ultraestrutural. Foram utilizados propágulos já estabelecidos in vitro e inoculados em meio MURASHIGE & SKOOG (MS, adicionado de 30g L-1 de sacarose, 1mg L-1 de ANA (ácido naftalenoacético e solidificado com 1,8g L-1 de PhytagelTM. Foram testadas três fontes de silicato acrescidas ao meio MS, silicato de sódio, silicato de potássio e silicato de cálcio, na dosagem de 1g L-1 e o meio MS sem silicato como testemunha. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, com quinze repetições. Os propágulos foram mantidos por 45 dias em sala de crescimento, sob condições controladas. Verificou-se aumento nos teores de clorofila a, b e total na presença de silicato de cálcio. A suplementação do meio de cultura com silicato de sódio promoveu aumento de comprimento, massa fresca e seca de parte aérea. O silício proporciona adequado desenvolvimento das plântulas.The objective of the research was to evaluate the effect of different sources of silicon during the in vitro rooting phase of 'Maçã' banana tree by means of physiological, phytotechnical and ultrastructural analysis. It was used propagules already established in vitro which were inoculated in MURASHIGE & SKOOG (MS medium, added of 30g L-1 of sucrose, 1mg L-1 of NAA (naphthalene acetic acid and solidified with 1.8g L-1 of PhytagelTM. It was tested three sources of silicate added to MS medium, sodium silicate, potassium silicate and calcium silicate, at a dose of 1g L-1 and MS medium without silicate as a witness. The experimental design was completely randomized with fifteen replicates. The propagules were kept for 45 days in a growth room under controlled conditions. There was an increase in levels of chlorophyll a, b and total in the presence of calcium silicate

  2. Alterações em propriedades de solo adubado com doses de composto orgânico sob cultivo de bananeira Changes in soil properties managed with organic compost rates, under banana plant

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    Erval Rafael Damatto Junior

    2006-12-01

    Full Text Available Com o intuito de avaliar os efeitos de diferentes doses de composto orgânico nas propriedades químicas do solo cultivado com bananeira 'Prata-anã' (Musa AAB, foi desenvolvido o presente trabalho na Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas - UNESP, Botucatu-SP. O plantio foi realizado no mês de novembro de 2002, com mudas convencionais, adotando-se o espaçamento de 2,5 x 2,5 m. O composto orgânico foi produzido com serragem de madeira e esterco de bovino, sendo os tratamentos empregados constituídos das seguintes doses de composto: T1 = 0 g planta-1 de K2O (dose zero do composto - Testemunha; T2 = 98,5 g planta-1 de K2O (43 kg planta-1 de composto; T3 = 197,0 g planta-1 de K2O (86 kg planta-1 de composto; T4 = 290,5 g planta-1 de K2O (129 kg planta-1 de composto; T5 = 394,0 g planta-1 de K2O (172 kg planta-1 de composto, sendo essas doses calculadas de acordo com o teor de potássio presente no mesmo. O delineamento experimental adotado foi em blocos casualizados, com 5 tratamentos, 5 repetições e 2 plantas por parcela. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e à análise de regressão. Aos quatro meses após a aplicação da última parcela da adubação com composto orgânico, realizou-se amostragem de solo da camada de 0 a 20 cm e foram avaliadas as propriedades químicas do solo. A adubação orgânica promoveu incrementos no pH, matéria orgânica, fósforo, cálcio, soma de bases, CTC e saturação por bases do solo.Aiming to evaluate the effects of different organic compost rates in chemical properties of soil cultivated with banana plants 'Prata-anã' (Musa AAB, this present work was carried out at "Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas - UNESP", Botucatu-SP. Plants were placed in the prepared area in November 2002, at 2,5 x 2,5 m spacing between plants. The organic compost was produced using wood residue and bovine manure and the treatments were constituted by different compost rates: T1 = 0 g plant-1 of K2O (zero of

  3. SUSCETIBILIDADE VARIETAL DE FRUTOS DE BANANEIRA AO FRIO COLD DAMAGE IN BANANAS

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    LUIZ ALBERTO LICHTEMBERG

    2001-12-01

    Full Text Available No Sul do Brasil, os danos causados pelo frio depreciam a qualidade da banana que permanece no campo durante o outono e inverno, dificultando a sua comercialização. Visando a verificar diferenças entre cultivares quanto à resistência ao frio no campo e em pós-colheita, foram realizados três experimentos em Itajaí-SC. No primeiro, foram avaliados os danos de frio em 13 cultivares do grupo AAA, 7 cultivares do grupo AAB, 6 híbridos do grupo AAAB e 1 cultivar do grupo ABB, em cachos colhidos em outubro de 1997. No segundo experimento, foram avaliados danos de frio em cultivares dos grupos AAA, AAB, ABB e AAAB, em cachos colhidos de 07-05-99 a 27-08-99. No terceiro experimento, foram avaliados danos de frio em bananas de quatro cultivares, armazenadas a 10°C, durante 5, 10 e 20 dias. O genoma B conferiu maior resistência da fruta às baixas temperaturas, tanto a campo quanto na armazenagem. Verificaram-se diferenças quanto a danos de frio tanto entre grupos genômicos, quanto entre cultivares do mesmo grupo. A maior resistência às baixas temperaturas pode permitir o transporte de bananas dos grupos AAB, ABB e AAAB a longas distâncias, em temperaturas inferiores a 12°C.In Southern Brazil, banana bunches that remain in the field during the Fall and Winter are subject to cold damage. Three experiments were carried out in Itajaí, SC, Brazil, with the purpose of investigating the differences among banana cultivars as to their resistance to cold damage. In the first experiment, 13 AAA group cultivars, 7 AAB group cultivars, 6 AAAB hybrids and 1 ABB group cultivar were evaluated as to the level of cold damage. The second experiment evaluated banana bunches of cultivars of AAA, AAB, ABB, and AAAB groups, harvested from May 07/99 to August 27/99. The third experiment examined cold damage to banana clusters stored at 10°C during 5, 10 and 20 days. The B genome appeared to confer the greatest cold resistance to banana fruits, both in the

  4. INFESTAÇÃO DO MOLEQUE DA BANANEIRA EM VARIEDADES DE BANANEIRA, NA REGIÃO DE INHAMBUPE - BAHIA

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    Genésio Tâmara Ribeiro

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available It was evaluated banana weevil infestation in six varieties of banana, in the region of Inhambupe - Bahia, using itself of traps of the type "cheese". The biggest level of infestation occurred in the variety Great Naine, that was statistical significant, with 972 captured insects, average of 7,59 insects/traps. The other varieties presented low index of infestation. With exception of Tap Maeo.

  5. Impactos das mudanças climáticas na demanda de irrigação da bananeira na Bacia do Jaguaribe Impact of climate change on irrigation requirement of banana in Jaguaribe river Basin, Ceará, Brazil

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    Rubens S. Gondim

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available As mudanças climáticas têm potencial de alterar os processos do ciclo hidrológico, tais como precipitação, que afeta o escoamento superficial, temperatura e umidade relativa do ar devido à sua estreita relação com evaporação e vazão em corpos hídricos e evapotranspiração das plantas. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi analisar os impactos das mudanças climáticas na necessidade hídrica da cultura da bananeira, considerando-se cenários de mudanças climáticas em escala local, em nível de bacia hidrográfica (rio Jaguaribe, no trecho compreendido entre as barragens do Castanhão e de Itaiçaba. Um conjunto composto de uma baseline (climatologia de base do modelo de 1961-1990 e de projeções climáticas, foi processado. Os dados foram então extraídos considerando-se as coordenadas geográficas da região em estudo, com resolução de 0,44 x 0,44º, a fim de abranger toda a área. Estimou-se a evapotranspiração de referência (ETo através de dados da temperatura média mensal e se projetou uma elevação na necessidade hídrica bruta média anual para 2040 com relação às condições iniciais, de 1.989 mm para 2.536 mm e 2.491 mm (27,50 e 25,24% para os cenários A2 e B2, elaborados pelo Painel Intergovernamental de Mudanças Climáticas, respectivamente.Climate change has a potential to impact hydrologic cycle processes, such as rainfall, which affect run-off, temperature and air humidity that have relationship to evaporation over water bodies and plant evapotranspiration. The purpose of this study was to assess impacts of climate change on irrigation water demand of banana, at the river basin level (Jaguaribe river, between Castanhão and Itaiçaba Dams. A climate data set was generated by a climate model for 1961-90 (baseline and the future. The output climate data has been generated, considering a georreferenced coordenated system of the study area in a 0.44 x 0.44º resolution, generating spatial distribution output

  6. Cognate CD4 T-cell licensing of dendritic cells heralds anti-CMV CD8 T-cell immunity after human allogeneic umbilical cord blood transplantation

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Flinsenberg, T W H; Spel, Lotte; Jansen, M; Koning, D; de Haar, C; Plantinga, M; Scholman, R; van Loenen, M M; Nierkens, S; Boon, L; van Baarle, D; Heemskerk, M H M; Boelens, J J; Boes, M

    2014-01-01

    Reactivation of human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is hazardous to patients undergoing allogeneic cord-blood transplantation (CBT), lowering survival rates by approximately 25%. While antiviral treatment ameliorates viremia, complete viral control requires CD8(+) T-cell-driven immunity. Mouse studies

  7. Produção da banana nanicão (musa sp. em função de tipos e doses de biofertilizantes

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    Fábio Itano dos S. Alves

    2014-04-01

    Full Text Available  O uso de biofertilizantes na fruticultura vem sendo estudado em diferentes regiões do Brasil, por serem consideradas fontes de nutrientes para as culturas de fácil acesso e de baixo custo. O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o crescimento vegetativo da bananeira (Musa sp. 'Nanica' submetida à aplicação via radicular de diferentes tipos e dosagens de biofertilizantes. O experimento foi conduzido, em condições de campo no Centro de Ciências Humanas e Agrárias (CCHA da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba (UEPB, Campus Catolé do Rocha. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos casualizados no esquema fatorial 5 x 10, sendo 5 tipos de biofertilizantes (B1 = Esterco bovino (EB; B2 = EB+ farinha de rocha (FR; B3 = EB + FR+ leguminosa (L; B4 = EB+FR+ cinza de madeira (C; e B5 = EB+FR +L+C e 10 doses (0; 0,3; 0,6; 0,9; 1,2; 1,5; 1,8; 2,1; 2,4 e 2,7 L planta-1 aplicação-1 com quatro repetições.Foramavaliado duranteo 1º e o 2º ciclodacultura, a altura da planta, o diâmetro do caule, o número de folhas ea área foliar unitária e total. Para as variáveis estudadas as dosagens de biofertilizantes não apresentaram efeitos significativos, porém os tipos de biofertilizantes foram significativos colaborando ao aumento da área foliar da planta.

  8. Características pós-colheita de frutos de genótipos de bananeira (Musa spp. Post-harvest fruit characteristics of different banana (Musa spp. genotypes

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    Reginaldo Conceição Cerqueira

    2002-12-01

    Full Text Available O conhecimento das características pós-colheita de novos híbridos de bananeira é uma importante informação que auxilia o melhorista em sua tomada de decisão. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar genótipos de bananeira com relação às características de pós-colheita e resistência ao desprendimento do fruto. Foram utilizados frutos da segunda penca de 16 híbridos (Calipso, Bucaneiro, Ambrosia, YB42-21, PV42-53, PV42-68, PV42-81, PV42-85, PV42-129, PV42-142, PV42-143, ST12-31, ST42-08, PV03-44, FHIA-03 e SH 3640 e quatro cultivares (Pacovan, Prata Comum, Nam e Figue Pomme Naine, que foram avaliadas quanto ao peso, comprimento, circunferência, relação polpa/casca, resistência ao desprendimento, firmeza, sólidos solúveis totais (SST, acidez total titulável (ATT, relação SST/ATT e tempo de amadurecimento. Empregou-se um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições para todas as características, exceto para a firmeza do fruto em que se utilizaram dez repetições. A unidade experimental foi constituída de um único fruto. Os dados foram submetidos à analise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo Teste Scott & Knott, a 5% de probabilidade. A cultivar Nam apresentou a menor acidez titulável e a maior relação SST/ATT, enquanto a maior firmeza do fruto foi apresentada pelos híbridos PV42-81 e PV42-53. Os frutos mais pesados foram do híbrido SH 3640, e os mais compridos foram dos híbridos Bucaneiro e PV42-81. Os híbridos PV42-85 e ST42-08 apresentaram maior resistência ao desprendimento, não diferindo da 'Pacovan'. No entanto, superaram a 'Prata Comum', que obteve a menor resistência. Os genótipos 'Nam', PV42-143 e PV42-129 apresentaram maior tempo de maturação após a colheita quando comparados, principalmente, à 'Prata Comum'. A 'Nam' deve ser considerada como uma nova alternativa na produção de banana. O SH3640, híbrido da Prata Anã, pode ser recomendado como nova cultivar. Os h

  9. Seroprevalence of HIV, HTLV, CMV, HBV and rubella virus infections in pregnant adolescents who received care in the city of Belém, Pará, Northern Brazil.

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    Guerra, Aubaneide Batista; Siravenha, Leonardo Quintão; Laurentino, Rogério Valois; Feitosa, Rosimar Neris Martins; Azevedo, Vânia Nakauth; Vallinoto, Antonio Carlos Rosário; Ishak, Ricardo; Machado, Luiz Fernando Almeida

    2018-05-16

    Prenatal tests are important for prevention of vertical transmission of various infectious agents. The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), rubella virus and vaccination coverage against HBV in pregnant adolescents who received care in the city of Belém, Pará, Brazil. A cross-sectional study was performed with 324 pregnant adolescents from 2009 to 2010. After the interview and blood collection, the patients were screened for antibodies and/or antigens against HIV-1/2, HTLV-1/2, CMV, rubella virus and HBV. The epidemiological variables were demonstrated using descriptive statistics with the G, χ 2 and Fisher exact tests. The mean age of the participants was 15.8 years, and the majority (65.4%) had less than 6 years of education. The mean age at first intercourse was 14.4 years, and 60.8% reported having a partner aged between 12 and 14 years. The prevalence of HIV infection was 0.3%, and of HTLV infection was 0.6%. Regarding HBV, 0.6% of the participants had acute infection, 9.9% had a previous infection, 16.7% had vaccine immunity and 72.8% were susceptible to infection. The presence of anti-HBs was greater in adolescent between 12 and 14 years old (28.8%) while the anti-HBc was greater in adolescent between 15 and 18 years old (10.3%). Most of the adolescents presented the IgG antibody to CMV (96.3%) and rubella (92.3%). None of the participants had acute rubella infection, and 2.2% had anti-CMV IgM. This study is the first report of the seroepidemiology of infectious agents in a population of pregnant adolescents in the Northern region of Brazil. Most of the adolescents had low levels of education, were susceptible to HBV infection and had IgG antibodies to CMV and rubella virus. The prevalence of HBV, HIV and HTLV was similar to that reported in other regions of Brazil. However, the presence of these agents in this

  10. CMV-specific T cell isolation from G-CSF mobilized peripheral blood: depletion of myeloid progenitors eliminates non-specific binding of MHC-multimers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Beloki, Lorea; Ciaurriz, Miriam; Mansilla, Cristina; Zabalza, Amaya; Perez-Valderrama, Estela; Samuel, Edward R; Lowdell, Mark W; Ramirez, Natalia; Olavarria, Eduardo

    2014-11-19

    Cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific T cell infusion to immunocompromised patients following allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (allo-HSCT) is able to induce a successful anti-viral response. These cells have classically been manufactured from steady-state apheresis samples collected from the donor in an additional harvest prior to G-CSF mobilization, treatment that induces hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) mobilization to the periphery. However, two closely-timed cellular collections are not usually available in the unrelated donor setting, which limits the accessibility of anti-viral cells for adoptive immunotherapy. CMV-specific cytotoxic T cell (CTL) manufacture from the same G-CSF mobilized donor stem cell harvest offers great regulatory advantages, but the isolation using MHC-multimers is hampered by the high non-specific binding to myeloid progenitors, which reduces the purity of the cellular product. In the present study we describe an easy and fast method based on plastic adherence to remove myeloid cell subsets from 11 G-CSF mobilized donor samples. CMV-specific CTLs were isolated from the non-adherent fraction using pentamers and purity and yield of the process were compared to products obtained from unmanipulated samples. After the elimination of unwanted cell subtypes, non-specific binding of pentamers was notably reduced. Accordingly, following the isolation process the purity of the obtained cellular product was significantly improved. G-CSF mobilized leukapheresis samples can successfully be used to isolate antigen-specific T cells with MHC-multimers to be adoptively transferred following allo-HSCT, widening the accessibility of this therapy in the unrelated donor setting. The combination of the clinically translatable plastic adherence process to the antigen-specific cell isolation using MHC-multimers improves the quality of the therapeutic cellular product, thereby reducing the clinical negative effects associated with undesired

  11. COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CHLORATED AND PHOSPHORATED INSECTICIDES IN BAIT ATTRACTIVENESS BY “BANANA BORER” (Cosmopolites sordidus GERMAR, 1824 ESTUDO COMPARATIVO DE INSETICIDAS CLORADOS E FOSFORADOS NA ATRATIVIDADE DE ISCAS PELO “MOLEQUE DA BANANEIRA” (Cosmopolites sordidus Germar, 1824

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    Ronaldo Veloso Naves

    2007-09-01

    Full Text Available

    The efficiency of several insecticides for the control of the banana borer were tested in two kinds of traps. The cloride insecticides are most widely used but they are probably repellent to the weevil. DDT, Aldrin, Diazinon and Parathion were compared in two kinds of traps: slices of rhizome and pieces of pseudostem. The best results were obtained with Parathion in rhizome slices.

    A broca-da-bananeira ou “moleque” (<em>Cosmopolites sordidus Germarem> é urna das pragas mais importantes da bananeira. A revisão de literatura mostra que os produtos clorados são os mais utilizados e recomendados no combate a essa praga, principalmente, Aldrin. O presente trabalho visou a testar inseticidas fosforados e também verificar o tipo de isca mais atrativa. A análise estatística dos dados obtidos demonstrou haver diferença significativa entre os tratamentos, entre os dois tipos de iscas, e na interação iscas x tratamento. Com base nos resultados e observações feitas durante a fase experimental, podemos tirar as seguintes conclusões: a As iscas do tipo sanduíche, feitas com pedaços de rizoma são mais atrativas do que as do tipo telha, feita de pedaços de pseudo-caule, cortados longitudinalmente; b O inseticida que apresentou melhores resultados foi o RHODIATOX (Parathion.

  12. Variabilidade genética de genótipos de bananeira (Musa spp submetidos ao estresse salino Genetic variability of banana (Musa spp genotypes subjected to saline stress

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    Eline W. F. Gomes

    2005-06-01

    Full Text Available O Brasil é o segundo maior produtor mundial de bananas, sendo Pernambuco o estado que apresenta maior expansão da cultura na região do perímetro irrigado do Vale do São Francisco em cujas áreas, porém, são freqüentes os problemas de salinização do solo o que se pode tornar um fator limitante para a cultura. A utilização de cultivares tolerantes à salinidade apresenta-se como uma alternativa bastante viável; assim, identificar genótipos que se adaptem a solos salinos da Região Nordeste, é de fundamental importância para os programas de melhoramento. Este trabalho teve por finalidade utilizar marcadores moleculares, obtidos por amplificação de DNA via Reação em Cadeia polimerase (PCR com iniciadores (primers de RAPD, para determinar a variabilidade genética entre dez genótipos de banana (Musa spp: Pacovan, Nanicão, Caipira, FHIA18, Calcuttá, SN/2, Borneo, M-53, Microcarpa e Lidi, correlacionando-os com a tolerância ao estresse salino. Foram testados 25 primers. O iniciador D0142A07 gerou o maior número de loci polimórficos, enquanto o D0142B05 originou o menor. Em geral, o polimorfismo gerado com os marcadores de DNA mostrou que, apesar da base genética estreita, no caso das que são formadas pelo mesmo grupo genômico, os genótipos de bananeira apresentam variabilidade genética relativamente alta. As variedades que apresentaram maior tolerância ao estresse salino, como a Pacovan e SN/2, mostraram-se distantes geneticamente, quando comparadas com as mais sensíveis ao sal, como Calcuttá e Lidi.Brazil is the second lagest banana producer. The State of Pernambuco has presented the greatest expansion of banana cultivation in the irrigated perimeters of the São Francisco Valley. In these areas, however, there are frequent problems with high salt content in the soil, which could turn out to be a major limiting factor to its cultivation. The utilization of cultivars tolerant to saline conditions is a rather viable

  13. Evaluation of <em>HER2em> Gene Amplification in Breast Cancer Using Nuclei Microarray <em>in em>S>itu em>Hybridization

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    Xuefeng Zhang

    2012-05-01

    Full Text Available Fluorescence<em> em>>in situ em>hybridization (FISH assay is considered the “gold standard” in evaluating <em>HER2/neu (HER2em> gene status. However, FISH detection is costly and time consuming. Thus, we established nuclei microarray with extracted intact nuclei from paraffin embedded breast cancer tissues for FISH detection. The nuclei microarray FISH (NMFISH technology serves as a useful platform for analyzing <em>HER2em> gene/chromosome 17 centromere ratio. We examined <em>HER2em> gene status in 152 cases of invasive ductal carcinomas of the breast that were resected surgically with FISH and NMFISH. <em>HER2em> gene amplification status was classified according to the guidelines of the American Society of Clinical Oncology and College of American Pathologists (ASCO/CAP. Comparison of the cut-off values for <em>HER2em>/chromosome 17 centromere copy number ratio obtained by NMFISH and FISH showed that there was almost perfect agreement between the two methods (κ coefficient 0.920. The results of the two methods were almost consistent for the evaluation of <em>HER2em> gene counts. The present study proved that NMFISH is comparable with FISH for evaluating <em>HER2em> gene status. The use of nuclei microarray technology is highly efficient, time and reagent conserving and inexpensive.

  14. Neonatal Phosphate Nutrition Alters <em>in em>Vivo> and <em>in em>Vitro> Satellite Cell Activity in Pigs

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    Chad H. Stahl

    2012-05-01

    Full Text Available Satellite cell activity is necessary for postnatal skeletal muscle growth. Severe phosphate (PO4 deficiency can alter satellite cell activity, however the role of neonatal PO4 nutrition on satellite cell biology remains obscure. Twenty-one piglets (1 day of age, 1.8 ± 0.2 kg BW were pair-fed liquid diets that were either PO4 adequate (0.9% total P, supra-adequate (1.2% total P in PO4 requirement or deficient (0.7% total P in PO4 content for 12 days. Body weight was recorded daily and blood samples collected every 6 days. At day 12, pigs were orally dosed with BrdU and 12 h later, satellite cells were isolated. Satellite cells were also cultured <em>in vitroem> for 7 days to determine if PO4 nutrition alters their ability to proceed through their myogenic lineage. Dietary PO4 deficiency resulted in reduced (<em>P> < 0.05 sera PO4 and parathyroid hormone (PTH concentrations, while supra-adequate dietary PO4 improved (<em>P> < 0.05 feed conversion efficiency as compared to the PO4 adequate group. <em>In vivoem> satellite cell proliferation was reduced (<em>P> < 0.05 among the PO4 deficient pigs, and these cells had altered <em>in vitroem> expression of markers of myogenic progression. Further work to better understand early nutritional programming of satellite cells and the potential benefits of emphasizing early PO4 nutrition for future lean growth potential is warranted.

  15. Cardiogenic shock due to citomegalovirus myocarditis: successful clinical treatment Choque cardiogênico devido à miocardite por citomegalovírus: terapêutica clínica com sucesso

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    José Francisco Baumgratz

    2010-06-01

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: Cytomegalovirus (CMV systemic disease and myocarditis in healthy persons is infrequently reported in the literature, although in increasing numbers in recent years. The importance of the recognition of the syndrome that usually has an initial picture of a mononucleosis like infection in an otherwise healthy person, is the available therapeutic agent, ganciclovir, that can cure the infectious disease. METHODS: We analyzed the clinical result of pulsotherapy with steroids in a patient with CMV myocarditis after 7 days of etiological treatment, with ganciclovir, intravenous vasodilators, and the conventional treatment for congestive heart failure. RESULTS: The clinical condition of the patient improved accordingly to the better function of the left ventricle, and the ganciclovir was kept for 21 days, most of it in an out patient basis. The patient was dismissed from the hospital, with normal myocardial function. CONCLUSION: Potentially curable forms of myocarditis, like M pneumoniae and CMV, for example, can have an initial disproportionate aggression to the myocardium, by the acute inflammatory reaction, that can by itself make worse the damage to the LV function. In our opinion, the blockade of this process by pulsotherapy with steroids can help in the treatment of these patients. We understand that the different scenario of immunosuppressive treatments for the possible auto immunity of the more chronic forms of the presumably post viral cardiomyopathy has been in dispute in the literature, and has stolen the focus from the truly acute cases.OBJETIVO: Doença sistêmica por citomegalovírus (CMV com miocardite em pessoas saudáveis é raramente referida na literatura, apesar de em maior número em anos recentes. A importância do reconhecimento da síndrome, que usualmente tem um quadro inicial "mononucleosis like" em uma pessoa sadia é a disponibilidade do agente terapêutico ganciclovir, que pode curar a infecção. MÉTODOS: N

  16. Produção de farinha de banana verde (Musa spp. para aplicação em pão de trigo integral

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    Bruna Andina Andrade

    2017-11-01

    Full Text Available Resumo A farinha de banana verde (FBV é uma alternativa viável para o aproveitamento dos frutos e possui alto teor de amido resistente (AR, que apresenta papel fisiológico similar ao das fibras alimentares. O objetivo deste trabalho foi produzir FBV de dois genótipos de bananeira (Prata e Caturra, além de selecionar aquele com maior teor de AR, para posterior substituição de parte da farinha de trigo integral por FBV, em uma formulação de pão de fôrma integral. Para a produção das farinhas, os frutos foram descascados, cortados em rodelas e estas foram submersas em uma solução de ácido ascórbico e ácido cítrico, sendo então distribuídas em bandejas e secas a 50 °C, por 7 horas, e moídas. As farinhas foram submetidas às análises de composição proximal e determinação do teor de AR. Posteriormente, foram processados pães integrais com a substituição de 10%, 15% e 20% de farinha de trigo integral pela FBV que obteve o maior teor de AR. Os pães controle e aquele que apresentou maior teor de AR e boas características tecnológicas, como volume específico, dureza e cor, foram submetidos aos testes sensoriais de aceitação e intenção de compra. O teor de AR encontrado para as FBV Prata e Caturra foram 24,1% e 13,7%, respectivamente. O pão com substituição de 15% de farinha de trigo integral por FBV foi escolhido para a análise sensorial. As formulações controle e com 15% de FBV atingiram Índices de Aceitação Sensorial de 88,7% e 82,1%, respectivamente. A atitude dos avaliadores foi positiva, segundo a qual 56% dos avaliadores “comprariam frequentemente” ou “comprariam sempre” o pão com 15% de FBV, não tendo sido observada rejeição para nenhuma das formulações.

  17. Physiological responses in the banana plantlets treateds with strobilurinsRespostas fisiológicas em mudas de banananeira tratadas com estrobilurinas

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    Sivia Helena Modenese-Gorla da Silva

    2012-04-01

    Full Text Available There are reports that strobilurin besides having a fungicide effect can promote physiologic benefits to the plants. However, this effect on banana plants was not studied yet. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of strobirulins on the physiology of banana plantlets. For this purpose, cultivar Grand Naine banana plantlets were transferred to pots containing substrate and kept in a nursery with 50% shading. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with three treatments (water, azoxystrobin and pyraclostrobin and five replications. The treatments were applied at 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 days after transplanting at a dose 100 g a. i. ha-1 with manual spray. Plant height, pseudostem diameter, shoot dry matter in strobilurin treated plants were higher than the untreated plants, however, the effect of fungicide treatment was different, being the most pronounced effect of pyraclostrobin compared to azoxystrobin. Plants treated with pyraclostrobin had higher leaf area, nitrate reductase activity and chlorophyll content of leaf total nitrogen than the plants treated with azoxystrobin and water, which did not differ. Strobilurins affect the physiology of the banana plantlets differently, the effect being more pronounced by pyraclostrobin.Há relatos de que estrobilurinas, além de atuarem como fungicida, promovem benefícios fisiológicos às plantas. Assim sendo, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de estrobirulinas na fisiologia de mudas de bananeira. Para tal, mudas micropropagadas da cultivar Grand Naine foram repicadas para vasos contendo substrato e mantidas em viveiro a 50% de sombreamento. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com três tratamentos (água, azoxistrobina e piraclostrobina e cinco repetições. As estrobirulinas foram aplicadas com pulverizador manual aos 15, 30, 45, 60 e 75 dias após a repicagem, na dose de 100 g i. a. ha-1. A altura da planta, di

  18. Manifestações oculares do paciente infectado pelo HIV atendido no Departamento de Oftalmologia da Universidade Federal de São Paulo Ocular manifestations of the HIV infected Patients at the Ophthalmology Department of São Paulo Federal University

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    K. T. F. Matos

    1999-12-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar as manifestações oculares do paciente HIV positivo. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: É um estudo retrospectivo em 1100 pacientes ambulatoriais HIV positivo em três anos com ficha padrão e exame oftalmológico completo, atendidos no Departamento de Oftalmologia da Escola Paulista de Medicina. RESULTADOS: Dos 1100 pacientes, 869 (79% eram do sexo masculino e 231 (21% do feminino. Os fatores de risco mais importantes foram: homossexualidade masculina em 303 (27,55%, heterossexualidade em 272 (24,73%, usuários de drogas endovenosas em 168 (15,27% e causa indeterminada ou não revelada em 246 (22,36%. As queixas oculares mais freqüentes foram: 432 (39,27% pacientes com baixa da acuidade visual; 138 (12,55% com embaçamento visual; 64 (5,82% com dor ocular, 186 (16,9% com queixas inespecíficas e 235 (21,36% pacientes não apresentavam qualquer queixa. As manifestações oculares mais freqüentes foram: retinite por CMV em 246 (22,36% dos pacientes; exsudatos algodonosos em 110 (10%, blefarite em 51(4,64% e toxoplasmose ocular em 48 (4,36%. CONCLUSÃO: Houve progressão da doença entre os heterossexuais e aumento da incidência no sexo feminino nesta população estudada. Os que apresentavam queixas oculares foram a maioria. A manifestação ocular mais freqüente foi a retinite por CMV em 246 (22,36%. Encontramos 10% de exsudatos algodonosos.PURPOSE: To evaluate ocular manifestations of HIV-infected patients MATERIAL AND METHODS: A restropective study of 1,100 HIV positive out patients in 3 years with a standard complete ophthalmological exam. RESULTS: Eigth hundred and sixty nine (79% of the 1,100 patients studied were male and 231 (21% female. The most important risk factors were: male homossexuality in 303 cases (27.55%, heterossexuality in 272 (24.73%, endovenous drugs use in 168 (15.27%, and unknown cause in 246 (26.36%. Related to ocular complains, we found 432 (39.27% patients with decreased visual acuity, 138 (12.55% with visual

  19. Agronomical and molecular characterization of banana germplasm Caracterização agronômica e molecular de germoplasma de bananeira

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    Lorenna Alves Mattos

    2010-02-01

    Full Text Available The objective of the present work was to characterize banana accessions from the Germplasm Bank at Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura Tropical (Brazil, using agronomical, physical and physicochemical characteristics of fruit and simple sequence repeats (SSR markers. Twenty-six accessions were analyzed, in which high genetic variability was found, especially for the agronomical characters number of fruit and weight of bunch. Accessions with high contents of carotenoids (diploid 'Jaran', polyphenols (triploid 'Caipira' and tetraploid 'Teparod' and vitamin C (diploid 'Tuugia' and an unknown triploid AAA in the fruit were identified. Thirteen microsatellite primers revealed an average of 7.23 alleles, which showed high variability. A dendrogram was prepared using the Gower algorithm for the distance matrices obtained from the agronomical, physical and physicolchemical analysis of fruit and SSR markers. Adopting the average genetic divergence as the cut-off point, three clusters were found: G1, formed by the diploids 'Jaran', 028003-01 and M-48; G2, by the diploids 'Malbut' and 'Ido 110'; and G3, by 21 tri-and tetraploid accessions, including one diploid, 'Tuugia'. The triploids with the B genome 'Thap Maeo', 'Walha', 'Pacha Nadan' and 'Champa Madras' were grouped in G2. Results from this work can be used for breeding hybrids with good agronomical traits and fruit quality.O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar acessos de bananeira do Banco de Germoplasma da Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura Tropical, por meio de características agronômicas, físicas e físico-químicas dos frutos e por marcadores "Simple sequence repeats" (SSR. Foram analisados 26 acessos, nos quais observou-se ampla variabilidade genética, em especial para número de frutos e peso de cacho. Foram identificados acessos com altos teores de carotenoides (diploide 'Jaran', polifenóis (tetraploide 'Teparod' e vitamina C (diploide 'Tuugia' e um triploide AAA desconhecido. Os 13

  20. Efeitos do fracionamento da adubação mineral, da adubação orgânica e da calagem na produtividade e incidência de vassoura-de-bruxa em cacaueiros da Amazônia

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    F. I. O. Morais

    1998-03-01

    Full Text Available A resposta do cacaueiro à aplicação de micronutrientes, matéria orgânica, calcário e fracionamento da adubação foi determinada em dois experimentos, instalados em solos das unidades Terra Roxa estruturada eutrófica (TR e Latossolo Amarelo (LA, no Estado do Pará, no período de 1988 a 1993. As lavouras de cacau do híbrido Sca 6 x Be 10 foram implantadas pelo sistema de derrubada total e queima da floresta primária, utilizando-se sombreamento provisório de bananeira (Musa spp. e permanente de Erythrina poeppigiana ou Gmelina arborea. Os tratamentos foram distribuídos em blocos casualizados, com três repetições, sendo a parcela constituída de 20 plantas úteis. Os resultados de produção de cacau demonstraram que não houve interação significativa entre tratamentos e solos ou ano de condução do experimento. O fracionamento da adubação NPK em três aplicações/ano e a adubação NPK + Zn foram os melhores tratamentos, provocando incrementos (P < 0,05 na produtividade do cacaueiro da ordem de 27,5% e 10,9%, respectivamente. A menor incidência (P < 0,05 de frutos atacados pela enfermidade vassoura-de-bruxa, causada pelo fungo Crinipellis perniciosa, foi observada nos tratamentos em que se aplicaram uma mistura de micronutrientes (B, Cu, Zn, Fe e Mo ou esterco de gado na dosagem de 5 t ha-1; as porcentagens de frutos doentes dos demais tratamentos não diferiram da adubação NPK (testemunha. Para o aumento da produtividade, a estratégia de adubação mais eficiente foi o fracionamento da adubação NPK (60 kg ha-1 de N, P(20(5 e K(20 em três aplicações ao ano. O efeito de micronutrientes e do esterco de gado na infecção da vassoura-de-bruxa merece ser investigado com mais atenção.

  1. Reference Gene Selection in the Desert Plant <em>Eremosparton songoricuem>m>

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    Dao-Yuan Zhang

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available <em>Eremosparton songoricum em>(Litv. Vass. (<em>E. songoricumem> is a rare and extremely drought-tolerant desert plant that holds promise as a model organism for the identification of genes associated with water deficit stress. Here, we cloned and evaluated the expression of eight candidate reference genes using quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reactions. The expression of these candidate reference genes was analyzed in a diverse set of 20 samples including various <em>E. songoricumem> plant tissues exposed to multiple environmental stresses. GeNorm analysis indicated that expression stability varied between the reference genes in the different experimental conditions, but the two most stable reference genes were sufficient for normalization in most conditions.<em> EsEFem> and <em>Esα-TUB> were sufficient for various stress conditions, <em>EsEF> and <em>EsACT> were suitable for samples of differing germination stages, and <em>EsGAPDH>and <em>Es>UBQ em>were most stable across multiple adult tissue samples. The <em>Es18Sem> gene was unsuitable as a reference gene in our analysis. In addition, the expression level of the drought-stress related transcription factor <em>EsDREB2em>> em>verified the utility of<em> E. songoricumem> reference genes and indicated that no single gene was adequate for normalization on its own. This is the first systematic report on the selection of reference genes in <em>E. songoricumem>, and these data will facilitate future work on gene expression in this species.

  2. A specimen of <em>Sorex> cfr. <em>samniticus> in Barn Owl's pellets from Murge plateau (Apulia, Italy / Su di un <em>Sorex> cfr. <em>samniticus> (Insectivora, Soricidae rinvenuto in borre di <em>Tyto albaem> delle Murge (Puglia, Italia

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    Giovanni Ferrara

    1992-07-01

    Full Text Available Abstract In a lot of Barn Owl's pellets from the Murge plateau a specimen of <em>Sorex> sp. was detected. Thank to some morphological and morphometrical features, the cranial bones can be tentatively attributed to <em>Sorex samniticusem> Altobello, 1926. The genus <em>Sorex> was not yet included in the Apulia's fauna southwards of the Gargano district; the origin and significance of the above record is briefly discussed, the actual presence of a natural population of <em>Sorex> in the Murge being not yet proved. Riassunto Viene segnalato il rinvenimento di un esemplare di <em>Sorex> cfr. <em>samniticus> da borre di <em>Tyto albaem> delle Murge. Poiché il genere non era stato ancora segnalato nella Puglia a sud del Gargano, viene discusso il significato faunistico del reperto.

  3. USE OF BANANA TREE PSEUDOSTEM ENRICHED WITH NITROGEN AND PHOSPHOROUS AS SUBSTRATE FOR CULTIVATION OF FERNS USO DE PSEUDOCAULE DE BANANEIRA ENRIQUECIDO COM NITROGÊNIO E FÓSFORO COMO SUBSTRATO PARA O CULTIVO DE SAMAMBAIAS

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    Suerlani Aparecida Ferreira Moreira

    2009-12-01

    ="font-size: small;">KEY-WORDS: <em>Polypodium persicifoliumem> var. <em>mettenii> Desv.; foliar analysis; mineral nutrients; <em>Dicksonia sellowianaem>; alternative substrates.

    A proibição do uso de substratos à base de fibra de xaxim, devido à sua matéria-prima (<em>Dicksonia sellowianaem> estar ameaçada de extinção, levou à necessidade de se selecionar substratos alternativos. A bananicultura gera um grande volume de resíduos de pseudocaule, que, por suas características físicoquímicas, podem ser uma alternativa na composição de substratos para plantas ornamentais, em substituição à fibra de xaxim, principalmente se associada à adubação. O presente trabalho objetivou determinar a produção de biomassa, estado nutricional e disponibilidade de nutrientes para samambaias, testando-se substratos contendo fibra de xaxim (FX e pseudocaule de bananeira (PB, e adubação com N e P. Os substratos apresentaram proporções de areia:solo:FX e de areia:solo:PB, numa relação 1:1:2, em volume. Testaram-se doses de 0 mg dm-3; 68,5 mg dm-3; 137,0 mg dm-3; 205,5 mg dm-3; e 374,0 mg dm-3 de N e de 0 mg dm-3; 97,7 mg dm-3; 195,4 mg dm-3; 291,9 mg dm-3; e 390,8 mg dm-3 de P2O5. O número de folhas emitidas pela samambaia não diferiu, significativamente, em resposta aos substratos ou às doses de N e P2O5, verificando-se semelhante comportamento na maioria das avaliações minerais do

  4. Efecto de extractos vegetales de <em>Polygonum hydropiperoidesem>, <em>Solanum nigrumem> y <em>Calliandra pittieriem> sobre el gusano cogollero (<em>Spodoptera frugiperdaem>

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    Lizarazo H. Karol

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available

    El gusano cogollero <em>Spodoptera frugiperdaem> es una de las plagas que más afectan los cultivos en la región de Sumapaz (Cundinamarca, Colombia. En la actualidad se controla principalmente aplicando productos de síntesis química, sin embargo la aplicación de extractos vegetales surge como una alternativa de menor impacto sobre el ambiente. Este control se emplea debido a que las plantas contienen metabolitos secundarios que pueden inhibir el desarrollo de los insectos. Por tal motivo, la presente investigación evaluó el efecto insecticida y antialimentario de extractos vegetales de barbasco <em>Polygonum hydropiperoidesem> (Polygonaceae, carbonero <em>Calliandra pittieriem> (Mimosaceae y hierba mora <em>Solanum nigrumem> (Solanaceae sobre larvas de <em>S. frugiperdaem> biotipo maíz. Se estableció una cría masiva del insecto en el laboratorio utilizando una dieta natural con hojas de maíz. Posteriormente se obtuvieron extractos vegetales utilizando solventes de alta polaridad (agua y etanol y media polaridad (diclorometano los cuales se aplicaron sobre las larvas de segundo instar. Los resultados más destacados se presentaron con extractos de <em>P. hydropiperoidesem>, obtenidos con diclorometano en sus diferentes dosis, con los cuales se alcanzó una mortalidad de 100% 12 días después de la aplicación y un efecto antialimentario representado por un consumo de follaje de maíz inferior al 4%, efectos similares a los del testigo comercial (Clorpiriphos.

  5. Partial corrosion casting to assess cochlear vasculature in mouse models of presbycusis and CMV infection.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Carraro, Mattia; Park, Albert H; Harrison, Robert V

    2016-02-01

    Some forms of sensorineural hearing loss involve damage or degenerative changes to the stria vascularis and/or other vascular structures in the cochlea. In animal models, many methods for anatomical assessment of cochlear vasculature exist, each with advantages and limitations. One methodology, corrosion casting, has proved useful in some species, however in the mouse model this technique is difficult to achieve because digestion of non vascular tissue results in collapse of the delicate cast specimen. We have developed a partial corrosion cast method that allows visualization of vasculature along much of the cochlear length but maintains some structural integrity of the specimen. We provide a detailed step-by-step description of this novel technique. We give some illustrative examples of the use of the method in mouse models of presbycusis and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  6. Avaliação de variante somaclonal de porte baixo de bananeira 'Nanicão Jangada' (Musa sp em duas densidades Evaluation of a dwarf somaclonal variant of banana 'Nanicão Jangada' (Musa sp in two planting densities

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    Patricia da Costa Zonetti

    2003-12-01

    Full Text Available Avaliou-se, sob duas densidades de plantio, um variante somaclonal de porte baixo de bananeira, comparando-o com a variedade Nanicão Jangada que lhe deu origem. Os materiais genéticos 'Nanicão Jangada'(controle e o variante somaclonal representado pelas seleções 224 e 225 de um ensaio anterior, foram avaliados nos espaçamentos 2,0m X 2,0m (densidade 2500 plantas ha-1 e 3,0m X 2,0m (1666plantas ha-1, na Fazenda de Ensino e Pesquisa da Faculdade de Engenharia - UNESP, Campus de Ilha Solteira-SP. O ensaio foi conduzido em blocos ao acaso com cinco repetições, com utilização de mudas micropropagadas, sob irrigação por gotejamento, no período de dezembro de 1998 a março de 2001, com avaliação dos dois primeiros ciclos de produção. Constatou-se efeito da densidade e do ciclo sobre a produção estimada de frutos sendo que no cultivo mais denso, a média foi de 81,25 t.ha-1 no primeiro ciclo de produção e 67,93 t.ha-1 no segundo ciclo. No cultivo de menor densidade a produção estimada no primeiro ciclo foi de 51,35 t.ha-1 e 44,08 t.ha-1 no segundo. As seleções do variante de porte baixo apresentaram menor altura da planta e mostraram-se relativamente mais precoces e com produção semelhante a cv. Nanicão Jangada no primeiro ciclo. No segundo ciclo houve uma queda na produção do bananal, com maior intensidade para a seleção 225 do variante.A dwarf somaclonal variant of banana was evaluated under two planting densities. It was compared with the cultivar "Nanicão Jangada", the original clone from which the variant derived. The genotypes 'Nanicão Jangada'(control and the somaclone, represented by selections 224 and 225 from a previous experiment, were evaluated at spaced 2.0 m X 2.0 m (density of 2500 plants ha-1 and 3.0 m X 2.0 m (1666 plants ha-1 at the "Fazenda de Ensino e Pesquisa da Faculdade de Engenharia - UNESP", Campus de Ilha Solteira, SP. The experiment was conducted in randomized complete blocks with 5

  7. Rapid Development of Microsatellite Markers with 454 Pyrosequencing in a Vulnerable Fish<em>,> the Mottled Skate<em>, Raja em>pulchra>

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    Jung-Ha Kang

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available The mottled skate, <em>Raja pulchraem>, is an economically valuable fish. However, due to a severe population decline, it is listed as a vulnerable species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. To analyze its genetic structure and diversity, microsatellite markers were developed using 454 pyrosequencing. A total of 17,033 reads containing dinucleotide microsatellite repeat units (mean, 487 base pairs were identified from 453,549 reads. Among 32 loci containing more than nine repeat units, 20 primer sets (62% produced strong PCR products, of which 14 were polymorphic. In an analysis of 60 individuals from two <em>R. pulchra em>populations, the number of alleles per locus ranged from 1–10, and the mean allelic richness was 4.7. No linkage disequilibrium was found between any pair of loci, indicating that the markers were independent. The Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium test showed significant deviation in two of the 28 single-loci after sequential Bonferroni’s correction. Using 11 primer sets, cross-species amplification was demonstrated in nine related species from four families within two classes. Among the 11 loci amplified from three other <em>Rajidae> family species; three loci were polymorphic. A monomorphic locus was amplified in all three <em>Rajidae> family species and the <em>Dasyatidae> family. Two <em>Rajidae> polymorphic loci amplified monomorphic target DNAs in four species belonging to the Carcharhiniformes class, and another was polymorphic in two Carcharhiniformes species.

  8. COMPORTAMENTO FISIOLÓGICO IN VITRO DE BANANEIRA (Musa sp., AAA e AAB cvs. NANICA E PRATA ANÃ: INFLUÊNCIA DE DIFERENTES NÍVEIS DE POTÁSSIO PYSIOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF BANANA (Musa sp., AAA and AAB cvs. 'NANICA' AND 'PRATA ANÃ' IN VITRO CONDITION: INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF POTASSIUM

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    Humberto Actis Zaidan

    1999-01-01

    Full Text Available Nas abordagens biotecnológicas de propagação de plantas, os meios de cultura devem ter uma composição química adequada à essa finalidade permitindo a otimização da produção. Como a bananeira (Musa sp. é exigente em potássio, a busca do nível adequado desse macronutriente envolve não somente o comprometimento com o nível dos outros nutrientes (balanço iônico, mas também a relação entre eles. Para acompanhar os efeitos fisiológicos dos vários teores de K, explantes caulinares dos cvs. "Nanica" e "Prata Anã" foram cultivados em meio MS modificado, em presença de BAP (2,5 mg/L, sacarose, vitaminas e agar, em seis diferentes concentrações de K: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 e 30 mM, sendo 20 mM a concentração de K no MS básico. Foram feitas análises de massa de matéria seca (MMS, K na parte aérea, raiz e plântulas inteiras, e determinado o número de plântulas, aos 90 dias de idade. Após início de cultivo todos os parâmetros foram analisados segundo um delineamento inteiramente casualizado. As plântulas que se desenvolveram em baixas concentrações de K apresentaram sintomas visuais de deficiência de K, como clorose e necrose nas folhas mais velhas. Os cultivares apresentaram diferenças quantitativas entre si, relacionados à concentração de K presente no meio de cultura, seja em relação aos valores de MMS, ou quanto ao número de plântulas formadas. Em ambos os cultivares, foi observada uma relação direta entre o desenvolvimento de plântulas e as concentrações de K com otimização ao redor de 15 a 20 mM de K.The chemical composition of culture growth media to micropropagate plants should be devised to allow the best quality and high production of plant material. One of the challenges is to optimize the ionic balance involving mineral nutrients. As banana (Musa sp. requires high levels of potassium, the optimum level was investigated. Shoot apexes of two banana cultivars 'Nanica' and 'Prata Anã' were

  9. The natural impact of banana inflorescences (Musa acuminata on human nutrition

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    Catharina E. Fingolo

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available Banana inflorescences are popularly known as 'navels,' and they are used in Brazil as nutritional complements. However, the nutritional value of banana inflorescences (male flowers and bracts has never been studied. Therefore, plant material of Musa acuminata, cultivar "ouro", was collected in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil, and then submitted to chemical procedures to determine its nutritional composition. The experiment was arranged a completely randomized design and performed in triplicate. The sample composition analysis showed percentual average value for moisture, protein, fat and ash as 8.21, 14.50, 4.04 and 14.43, respectively. The dehydrated inflorescences were found to contain a significant nutritive complement based on their high content of potassium (5008.26 mg / 100 g and fiber 49.83% (lignin, cellulose and hemicelluloses revealing important functional and nutritional properties. In a parallel evaluation, the anatomical study revealed key elements for the recognition of Musa acuminata when reduced to fragments.Inflorescências de bananeira são popularmente conhecidas como "umbigos", e esses são usados no Brasil como complementos nutricionais. No entanto, o valor nutricional das inflorescências (flores masculinas e brácteas de bananeira nunca foi estudado. Portanto, o material vegetal de Musa acuminata cultivar "ouro" foi coletado no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil e, em seguida, submetido aos procedimentos químicos para determinar a sua composição nutricional. As análises foram realizadas em triplicata. A análise da composição da amostra apresentou teor percentual médio de umidade, proteína, lipídeos e cinza de 8,21, 14,50, 4,04 e 14,43, respectivamente. As inflorescências secas mostraram significativo complemento nutritivo baseado no alto conteúdo de potássio (5.008,26 mg / 100 g e de fibra 49,83% (lignina, celulose e hemiceluloses revelando importantes propriedades funcional e nutritiva. Em uma avaliação paralela, o estudo

  10. A New Natural Lactone from <em>Dimocarpus> <em>longan> Lour. Seeds

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    Zhongjun Li

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available A new natural product named longanlactone was isolated from <em>Dimocarpus> <em>longan> Lour. seeds. Its structure was determined as 3-(2-acetyl-1<em>H>-pyrrol-1-yl-5-(prop-2-yn-1-yldihydrofuran-2(3H-one by spectroscopic methods and HRESIMS.

  11. Purification, Characterization and Antioxidant Activities <em>in Vitroem>> em>and <em>in Vivoem> of the Polysaccharides from <em>Boletus edulisem> Bull

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    Yijun Fan

    2012-07-01

    Full Text Available A water-soluble polysaccharide (BEBP was extracted from <em>Boletus edulis em>Bull using hot water extraction followed by ethanol precipitation. The polysaccharide BEBP was further purified by chromatography on a DEAE-cellulose column, giving three major polysaccharide fractions termed BEBP-1, BEBP-2 and BEBP-3. In the next experiment, the average molecular weight (Mw, IR and monosaccharide compositional analysis of the three polysaccharide fractions were determined. The evaluation of antioxidant activities both <em>in vitroem> and <em>in vivo em>suggested that BEBP-3 had good potential antioxidant activity, and should be explored as a novel potential antioxidant.

  12. EBV, HSV, CMV and HPV in laryngeal and oropharyngeal carcinoma in Polish patients.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Polz-Gruszka, Dorota; Stec, Agnieszka; Dworzański, Jakub; Polz-Dacewicz, Małgorzata

    2015-03-01

    The role of viruses in the etiology of oral cancer has been proposed in many studies. The aim of the present study was to analyze the prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus, Human Herpes virus type 1, Cytomegalovirus and Human Papilloma virus among patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma in a Polish population. We investigated fresh-frozen tumor tissue fragments obtained from 80 patients with OSCC using the polymerase chain reaction assay. HPV was detected in 32.5% (22.5% were HPV 16), more often in laryngeal (36%) than in oropharyngeal carcinoma (26.6%). EBV was identified in 57.5%, HHV-1 in 7.5%, and CMV in 10% of patients. Co-infection with one or more viruses was detected in 30% of cases and most frequently it was co-infection with EBV and HPV (15%). Further studies are necessary to determine the potential role of EBV and the possible importance of HHV-1 as an infection co-factor in oropharyngeal cancer. Copyright© 2015 International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. John G. Delinassios), All rights reserved.

  13. <em>Angiostrongylus vasorumem> in red foxes (<em>Vulpes vulpesem> and badgers (<em>Meles melesem> from Central and Northern Italy

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    Marta Magi

    2010-06-01

    Full Text Available Abstract During 2004-2005 and 2007-2008, 189 foxes (<em>Vulpes vulpesem> and 6 badgers (<em>Meles melesem> were collected in different areas of Central Northern Italy (Piedmont, Liguria and Tuscany and examined for <em>Angiostrongylus vasorumem> infection. The prevalence of the infection was significantly different in the areas considered, with the highest values in the district of Imperia (80%, Liguria and in Montezemolo (70%, southern Piedmont; the prevalence in Tuscany was 7%. One badger collected in the area of Imperia turned out to be infected, representing the first report of the parasite in this species in Italy. Further studies are needed to evaluate the role played by fox populations as reservoirs of infection and the probability of its spreading to domestic dogs.
    Riassunto <em>Angiostrongylus vasorumem> nella volpe (<em>Vulpes vulpesem> e nel tasso (<em>Meles melesem> in Italia centro-settentrionale. Nel 2004-2005 e 2007-2008, 189 volpi (<em>Vulpes vulpesem> e 6 tassi (<em>Meles melesem> provenienti da differenti aree dell'Italia settentrionale e centrale (Piemonte, Liguria Toscana, sono stati esaminati per la ricerca di <em>Angiostrongylus vasorumem>. La prevalenza del nematode è risultata significativamente diversa nelle varie zone, con valori elevati nelle zone di Imperia (80% e di Montezemolo (70%, provincia di Cuneo; la prevalenza in Toscana è risultata del 7%. Un tasso proveniente dall'area di Imperia è risultato positivo per A. vasorum; questa è la prima segnalazione del parassita in tale specie in Italia. Ulteriori studi sono necessari per valutare il potenziale della volpe come serbatoio e la possibilità di diffusione della parassitosi ai cani domestici.

    doi:10.4404/hystrix-20.2-4442

  14. Assessment of Genetic Fidelity in <em>Rauvolfia em>s>erpentina em>Plantlets Grown from Synthetic (Encapsulated Seeds Following <em>in Vitroem> Storage at 4 °C

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    Mohammad Anis

    2012-05-01

    Full Text Available An efficient method was developed for plant regeneration and establishment from alginate encapsulated synthetic seeds of <em>Rauvolfia serpentinaem>. Synthetic seeds were produced using <em>in vitroem> proliferated microshoots upon complexation of 3% sodium alginate prepared in Llyod and McCown woody plant medium (WPM and 100 mM calcium chloride. Re-growth ability of encapsulated nodal segments was evaluated after storage at 4 °C for 0, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks and compared with non-encapsulated buds. Effects of different media <em>viz>; Murashige and Skoog medium; Lloyd and McCown woody Plant medium, Gamborg’s B5 medium and Schenk and Hildebrandt medium was also investigated for conversion into plantlets. The maximum frequency of conversion into plantlets from encapsulated nodal segments stored at 4 °C for 4 weeks was achieved on woody plant medium supplement with 5.0 μM BA and 1.0 μM NAA. Rooting in plantlets was achieved in half-strength Murashige and Skoog liquid medium containing 0.5 μM indole-3-acetic acid (IAA on filter paper bridges. Plantlets obtained from stored synseeds were hardened, established successfully <em>ex vitroem> and were morphologically similar to each other as well as their mother plant. The genetic fidelity of <em>Rauvolfia em>clones raised from synthetic seeds following four weeks of storage at 4 °C were assessed by using random amplified polymorphic<em> em>DNA (RAPD and inter-simple sequence repeat<em> em>(ISSR markers. All the RAPD and ISSR profiles from generated plantlets were monomorphic and comparable<em> em>to the mother plant, which confirms the genetic<em> em>stability among the clones. This synseed protocol could be useful for establishing a particular system for conservation, short-term storage and production of genetically identical and stable plants before it is released for commercial purposes.

  15. Sulla presenza di <em>Sorex antinoriiem>, <em>Neomys anomalusem> (Insectivora, Soricidae e <em>Talpa caecaem> (Insectivora, Talpidae in Umbria

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    A.M. Paci

    2003-10-01

    Full Text Available Lo scopo del contributo è di fornire un aggiornamento sulla presenza del Toporagno del Vallese <em>Sorex antinoriiem>, del Toporagno acquatico di Miller <em>Neomys anomalusem> e della Talpa cieca <em>Talpa caecaem> in Umbria, dove le specie risultano accertate ormai da qualche anno. A tal fine sono stati rivisitati i reperti collezionati e la bibliografia conosciuta. Toporagno del Vallese: elevato di recente a livello di specie da Brünner et al. (2002, altrimenti considerato sottospecie del Toporagno comune (<em>S. araneus antinoriiem>. È conservato uno di tre crani incompleti (mancano mandibole ed incisivi superiori al momento prudenzialmente riferiti a <em>Sorex> cfr. <em>antinorii>, provenienti dall?Appennino umbro-marchigiano settentrionale (dintorni di Scalocchio - PG, 590 m. s.l.m. e determinati sulla base della pigmentazione rossa degli ipoconi del M1 e M2; Toporagno acquatico di Miller: tre crani (Breda in Paci e Romano op. cit. e un esemplare intero (Paci, ined. sono stati trovati a pochi chilometri di distanza gli uni dall?altro tra i comuni di Assisi e Valfabbrica, in ambienti mediocollinari limitrofi al Parco Regionale del M.te Subasio (Perugia. In provincia di Terni la specie viene segnalata da Isotti (op. cit. per i dintorni di Orvieto. Talpa cieca: sono noti una femmina e un maschio raccolti nel comune di Pietralunga (PG, rispettivamente in una conifereta a <em>Pinus nigraem> (m. 630 s.l.m. e nelle vicinanze di un bosco misto collinare a prevalenza di <em>Quercus cerrisem> (m. 640 s.l.m.. Recentemente un terzo individuo è stato rinvenuto nel comune di Sigillo (PG, all?interno del Parco Regionale di M.te Cucco, sul margine di una faggeta a 1100 m s.l.m. In entrambi i casi l?areale della specie è risultato parapatrico con quello di <em>Talpa europaeaem>.

  16. Freqüência da fertirrigação da bananeira prata-anã com nitrogênio e potássio aplicados por microaspersão Frequency of fertigation with nitrogen and potassium applied by microsprinkler system on prata-anã banana plant

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    Amilton G. Guerra

    2004-04-01

    Full Text Available O experimento teve por objetivo avaliar a freqüência de fertirrigações com nitrogênio e potássio aplicadas por microaspersão na cultura da bananeira (Musa sp. AAB, cultivar Prata-Anã, durante dois ciclos de cultivo. O experimento foi conduzido na Área Demonstrativa e Experimental de Irrigação do Departamento de Engenharia Rural da FCAV/UNESP, Jaboticabal - SP. Utilizou-se do delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com parcelas subdivididas e cinco repetições, constituídas por quatro modalidades de aplicação de fertilizantes (adubação via solo, fertirrigação mensal, fertirrigação bimestral e fertirrigação trimestral e duas doses de nitrogênio e potássio, correspondendo a 100% (dose 1 e 50% (dose 2 da dose recomendada de nutrientes. A fertirrigação mensal proporcionou peso de cachos, peso de pencas e produtividades superiores à adubação convencional e menor acidez total titulável dos frutos em relação à fertirrigação trimestral; a redução de 50% das doses de N e K não exerceu efeito sobre a produção e qualidade dos frutos.This study was carried out in order to evaluate the effect of fertigations with nitrogen and potassium applied by microsprinkler system on the plantation of Prata-Anã banana (Musa sp AAB, during two growing seasons, under field conditions. The experiment was carried out in the irrigation area of the Department of Agricultural Engineering, FCAV/UNESP - Jaboticabal, São Paulo State, Brazil. It was used a completely randomized block design in split plot with five replications. The treatments studied were composed of four fertilizer application modalities (side dressing fertilization, monthly fertigation, bimonthly fertigation and three monthly fertigation combined with two rates of nitrogen and potassium, corresponding to 100% (rate 1 and 50% (rate 2 of the recommended rates based on the soil analysis. Monthly fertigation promoted bunch weight and yield higher than side dressing fertilization and

  17. Four Novel Cellulose Synthase (CESA Genes from <em>Birch> (<em>Betula platyphylla em>Suk. Involved in Primary and Secondary Cell Wall Biosynthesis

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    Xuemei Liu

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available Cellulose synthase (CESA, which is an essential catalyst for the generation of plant cell wall biomass, is mainly encoded by the <em>CesA> gene family that contains ten or more members. In this study; four full-length cDNAs encoding CESA were isolated from<em> Betula platyphyllaem> Suk., which is an important timber species, using RT-PCR combined with the RACE method and were named as <em>BplCesA3em>, <em>−4em>,> −7 em>and> −8em>. These deduced CESAs contained the same typical domains and regions as their <em>Arabidopsis> homologs. The cDNA lengths differed among these four genes, as did the locations of the various protein domains inferred from the deduced amino acid sequences, which shared amino acid sequence identities ranging from only 63.8% to 70.5%. Real-time RT-PCR showed that all four <em>BplCesAs> were expressed at different levels in diverse tissues. Results indicated that BplCESA8 might be involved in secondary cell wall biosynthesis and floral development. BplCESA3 appeared in a unique expression pattern and was possibly involved in primary cell wall biosynthesis and seed development; it might also be related to the homogalacturonan synthesis. BplCESA7 and BplCESA4 may be related to the formation of a cellulose synthase complex and participate mainly in secondary cell wall biosynthesis. The extremely low expression abundance of the four BplCESAs in mature pollen suggested very little involvement of them in mature pollen formation in <em>Betula>. The distinct expression pattern of the four <em>BplCesAs> suggested they might participate in developments of various tissues and that they are possibly controlled by distinct mechanisms in <em>Betula.>

  18. Microsatellite Loci in the Gypsophyte <em>Lepidium subulatum em>(Brassicaceae, and Transferability to Other <em>Lepidieae>

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    José Gabriel Segarra-Moragues

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available Polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed for the Ibero-North African, strict gypsophyte <em>Lepidium subulatumem> to unravel the effects of habitat fragmentation in levels of genetic diversity, genetic structure and gene flow among its populations. Using 454 pyrosequencing 12 microsatellite loci including di- and tri-nucleotide repeats were characterized in <em>L. subulatumem>. They amplified a total of 80 alleles (2–12 alleles per locus in a sample of 35 individuals of <em>L. subulatumem>, showing relatively high levels of genetic diversity, <em>H>O = 0.645, <em>H>E = 0.627. Cross-species transferability of all 12 loci was successful for the Iberian endemics <em>Lepidium cardaminesem>, <em>Lepidium stylatumem>, and the widespread, <em>Lepidium graminifoliumem> and one species each of two related genera, <em>Cardaria drabaem> and <em>Coronopus didymusem>. These microsatellite primers will be useful to investigate genetic diversity, population structure and to address conservation genetics in species of <em>Lepidium>.

  19. Constituents from <em>Vigna em>vexillata> and Their Anti-Inflammatory Activity

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    Guo-Feng Chen

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available The seeds of <em>Vigna em>genus are important food resources and there have already been many reports regarding their bioactivities. In our preliminary bioassay, the chloroform layer of methanol extracts of<em> V. vexillata em>demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory bioactivity. Therefore, the present research is aimed to purify and identify the anti-inflammatory principles of <em>V. vexillataem>. One new sterol (1 and two new isoflavones (2,3 were reported from the natural sources for the first time and their chemical structures were determined by the spectroscopic and mass spectrometric analyses. In addition, 37 known compounds were identified by comparison of their physical and spectroscopic data with those reported in the literature. Among the isolates, daidzein (23, abscisic acid (25, and quercetin (40 displayed the most significant inhibition of superoxide anion generation and elastase release.

  20. Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Luminescent Property of Cd (II Complex with <em>N-Benzenesulphonyl-L>-leucine

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    Xishi Tai

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available A new trinuclear Cd (II complex [Cd3(L6(2,2-bipyridine3] [L =<em> Nem>-phenylsulfonyl-L>-leucinato] has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR and X-ray single crystal diffraction analysis. The results show that the complex belongs to the orthorhombic, space group<em> Pem>212121 with<em> aem> = 16.877(3 Å, <em>b> em>= 22.875(5 Å, <em>c em>= 29.495(6 Å, <em>α> em>= <emem>= <emem>= 90°, <em>V> em>= 11387(4 Å3, <em>Z> em>= 4, <em>Dc>= 1.416 μg·m−3, <emem>= 0.737 mm−1, <em>F> em>(000 = 4992, and final <em>R>1 = 0.0390, <em>ωR>2 = 0.0989. The complex comprises two seven-coordinated Cd (II atoms, with a N2O5 distorted pengonal bipyramidal coordination environment and a six-coordinated Cd (II atom, with a N2O4 distorted octahedral coordination environment. The molecules form one dimensional chain structure by the interaction of bridged carboxylato groups, hydrogen bonds and p-p interaction of 2,2-bipyridine. The luminescent properties of the Cd (II complex and <em>N-Benzenesulphonyl-L>-leucine in solid and in CH3OH solution also have been investigated.

  1. Utilização de soluções numéricas e analíticas na descrição da secagem do eixo central de jaca

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    Hyago Costa Sousa

    2016-08-01

    Full Text Available Objetivou-se descrever o processo de secagem do eixo central de jaca por modelos matemáticos e determinar qual modelo matemático apresentou os melhores ajustes para as características avaliadas. Foi estudado a secagem do eixo central de jaca em estufa com circulação e renovação de ar em quatro temperaturas diferentes 50, 60 70 e 80 °C utilizando modelos matemáticos para a descrição da quantidade de água no eixo central de jaca, foram utilizados frutos adquiridos no pomar do Centro de Ciências Humanas, Sociais e Agrarias, Bananeiras-PB pertencente a Universidade Federal da Paraíba. De acordo com a análise de dados o modelo de Page foi o que apresentou os melhores coeficientes de determinação e os melhores ajustes aos dados experimentais.Use of numerical and analytical solutions in the description of the drying of the central axis of jackfruitAbstract: This study aimed to describe the process of drying the central axis of jackfruit by mathematical models and determine which mathematical model presented the best fit for the characteristics. This study investigated the drying of the central axis of jackfruit in an oven with circulation and air exchange at four different temperatures 50, 60, 70 and 80 ° C using mathematical models to describe the amount of water in the central axis of jackfruit, fruits were utilized acquired in orchard Humanities Center, Social and Agricultural, Bananeiras-PB belonging to the Federal University of Paraíba. According to the data analysis the Page model showed the best determination coefficients and the best fit to the experimental data.

  2. <em>N>-Substituted 5-Chloro-6-phenylpyridazin-3(2<em>H>-ones: Synthesis, Insecticidal Activity Against <em>Plutella xylostella em>(L. and SAR Study

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    Song Yang

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available A series of <em>N>-substituted 5-chloro-6-phenylpyridazin-3(2<em>H>-one derivatives were synthesized based on our previous work; all compounds were characterized by spectral data and tested for <em>in vitroem> insecticidal activity against <em>Plutella xylostellaem>. The results showed that the synthesized pyridazin-3(2<em>H>-one compounds possessed good insecticidal activities, especially the compounds 4b, 4d, and 4h which showed > 90% activity at 100 mg/L. The structure-activity relationships (SAR for these compounds were also discussed.

  3. INFLUÊNCIA ESTOICA NA CONCEPÇÃO DE <em>STATUS> E <em>DICTUM> COMO <em> QUASI RES EM> (ὡσανεì τινά EM ABERLARDO STOIC INFLUENCE IN ABELARD'S CONCEPTION OF <em>STATUS> AND <em>DICTUM> AS <em>QUASI RESem> (ὡσανεì τινά.

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    Guy Hamelin

    2011-09-01

    Full Text Available Na sua obra, Pedro Abelardo (1079-1142 destaca duas noções metafísicas que fundamentam sua teoria lógica: o <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">statusem> e o <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">dictum propositionisem>, ao causar, respectivamente, a imposição (<em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">impositioem> dos termos universais e o valor de verdade das proposições. Trata-se de expressões que se referem a naturezas ontológicas peculiares, na medida em que não são consideradas coisas (<em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">resem>, mesmo que constituem causas. Todavia, também não são nada. Abelardo as chama de ‘quase coisas’ (<em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">quasi resem>. No presente artigo, explicamos, primeiro, essas duas noções essenciais da lógica abelardiana, antes de tentar, em seguida, encontrar a fonte dessa metafísica particular. Em oposição a comentadores importantes da lógica de Abelardo, que estimam que haja uma forte influência platônica sobre essa concepção específica, defendemos antes, com apoio de textos significativos e de acordo com o nominalismo abelardiano, que a maior ascendência sobre a metafísica do nosso autor é a do estoicismo, sobretudo, antigo.In his work, Peter Abelard (1079-1142 highlights two metaphysical notions, which sustain his logical theory: the <em>status> and the <em>dictum propositionisem>, causing respectively both the imposition (<em>impositio> of universal terms and the thuth-value of propositions. Both expressions refer to peculiar ontological natures, in so far as they are not considered things (<em>res>, even if they constitute causes. Nevertheless, neither are they ‘nothing’. Abelard calls them ‘quasi-things’ (<em>quasi resem>. In the present article, we expound first these two essential notions of Abelardian logic before then trying to find the source of this particular metaphysics. Contrary to some important

  4. Crescimento, produção e qualidade de frutos da bananeira 'Figo cinza', em Botucatu-SP Growth, yield and quality of 'Figo cinza' banana fruits in Botucatu-SP

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    Dayana Portes Ramos

    2009-09-01

    Full Text Available A bananeira Figo Cinza é uma cultivar do grupo ABB, subgrupo Figo, que apresenta tolerância ao mal-do-panamá e às sigatokas amarela e negra, demonstrando ser uma cultivar interessante para programas de melhoramento genético. Devido a isso, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar características do 1º ciclo da planta, como o crescimento, produção e atributos físico-químicos dos frutos dessa cultivar, no município de Botucatu-SP. Foram avaliadas as seguintes características de crescimento: altura de plantas, circunferência do pseudocaule e número de folhas, medidas na época de emissão da inflorescência; número de dias entre o plantio e o florescimento, número de dias entre o florescimento e a colheita, e número de dias do plantio à colheita. Também foram mensuradas as seguintes características de produção: peso do cacho, número de frutos, peso médio dos frutos, número de pencas e produtividade; na 2ª penca foram avaliados peso, número, comprimento e diâmetro dos frutos. Os atributos fisico-químicos analisados foram: textura, pH, acidez titulável, sólidos solúveis, açúcares totais, amido e teor de potássio. Foi utilizado o método das estatísticas descritivas para a caracterização da cultivar, através dos cálculos das médias. Os resultados mostraram que 'Figo Cinza' apresentou porte médio (2,9 m, ciclo de 420 dias, produtividade média de 12,74 t ha -1 e frutos com baixa acidez (0,06%.'Figo Cinza' is a cultivar of the genomic group ABB, Figo subgroup, which provides tolerance to Panama and Sigatoka diseases that may be useful in genetic breeding programs. Then, this work aimed to evaluate the plants growth, production and also the physical and chemical characteristics of the fruits from this cultivar in Botucatu city, São Paulo state, Brazil. Some growth characteristics were evaluated such as: plant height, the pseudostem circumference, number of leaves, number of days between planting and

  5. Densidade de plantio na produtividade e nos teores de nutrientes nas folhas e frutos da bananeira cv. Thap Maeo Plants density on yield and nutrients concentration in leaves and fruits of banana cv. Thap Maeo

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    Adônis Moreira

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da densidade de plantio na produtividade, tempo de colheita e teores dos nutrientes nas folhas e nos frutos de bananeira cv. Thap Maeo (AAB cultivada em Manaus (AM. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados, com três repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos pelos fatores: três densidades de plantio (1.111; 1.667 e 3.333 plantas ha-1 e duas épocas de colheita (primeiro e segundo ciclos. Os resultados do primeiro e segundo ciclos mostraram incremento significativo da produtividade, com aumento da densidade de plantio. O tempo médio para colheita dos cachos foi menor na densidade de 1.111 plantas ha-1 (1º ciclo, 338 e 2º ciclo, 401 dias. Na média das densidades e independentemente do ciclo, os teores de macronutrientes nos frutos apresentaram a ordem de: K>N>P>Mg>Ca=S, enquanto a dos micronutrientes foi: 1º ciclo - Cl>Fe>Mn=B>Zn>Cu e 2º ciclo - Cl>Fe>Zn>B=Mn>Cu.This study aimed to evaluate the effect of plants density on yield, period of harvest and nutrients concentration in leaves and fruits of banana cv. Thap Maeo (AAB, cultivated in Manaus, State of Amazonas, Brazil. The experiment was conduced in a randomized blocks, with three replicates. Treatments were comprised of planting density (1,111; 1,667 and 3,333 plants ha-1, and two cycles of harvest (sub treatments. The results obtained from 1st cycle and 2nd cycle showed significant increase in the yield per unit area as the employed plant density increased. The shortest average period to harvest banana bunches (1st cycle, 338 days and 2nd cycle, 401 days was observed for the lower density (1,111 plants ha-1. Pooled data of density and cycles showed that exportation of macronutrients through the fruits was, in order: K>N>P>Mg>Ca=S, while in micronutrients was: 1st cycle - Cl>Fe>Mn=B>Zn>Cu, and 2nd cycle - Cl>Fe>Zn>B=Mn>Cu.

  6. Natural Products from Antarctic Colonial Ascidians of the Genera <em>Aplidium> and <em>Synoicum>: Variability and Defensive Role

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    Conxita Avila

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available Ascidians have developed multiple defensive strategies mostly related to physical, nutritional or chemical properties of the tunic. One of such is chemical defense based on secondary metabolites. We analyzed a series of colonial Antarctic ascidians from deep-water collections belonging to the genera <em>Aplidium> and <em>Synoicum> to evaluate the incidence of organic deterrents and their variability. The ether fractions from 15 samples including specimens of the species <em>A.> <em>falklandicum>, <em>A.> <em>fuegiense>, <em>A.> <em>meridianum>, <em>A.> <em>millari> and <em>S.> <em>adareanum> were subjected to feeding assays towards two relevant sympatric predators: the starfish <em>Odontaster> <em>validus>, and the amphipod <em>Cheirimedon> <em>femoratus>. All samples revealed repellency. Nonetheless, some colonies concentrated defensive chemicals in internal body-regions rather than in the tunic. Four ascidian-derived meroterpenoids, rossinones B and the three derivatives 2,3-epoxy-rossinone B, 3-epi-rossinone B, 5,6-epoxy-rossinone B, and the indole alkaloids meridianins A–G, along with other minoritary meridianin compounds were isolated from several samples. Some purified metabolites were tested in feeding assays exhibiting potent unpalatabilities, thus revealing their role in predation avoidance. Ascidian extracts and purified compound-fractions were further assessed in antibacterial tests against a marine Antarctic bacterium. Only the meridianins showed inhibition activity, demonstrating a multifunctional defensive role. According to their occurrence in nature and within our colonial specimens, the possible origin of both types of metabolites is discussed.

  7. Fumigant Antifungal Activity of Myrtaceae Essential Oils and Constituents from <em>Leptospermum petersoniiem> against Three <em>Aspergillus> Species

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    Il-Kwon Park

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available Commercial plant essential oils obtained from 11 Myrtaceae plant species were tested for their fumigant antifungal activity against <em>Aspergillus ochraceusem>, <em>A. flavusem>, and <em>A. nigerem>. Essential oils extracted from<em> em>Leptospermum> <em>petersonii> at air concentrations of 56 × 10−3 mg/mL and 28 × 10−3 mg/mL completely inhibited the growth of the three <em>Aspergillus> species. However, at an air concentration of 14 × 10−3 mg/mL, inhibition rates of <em>L. petersoniiem> essential oils were reduced to 20.2% and 18.8% in the case of <em>A. flavusem> and <em>A. nigerem>, respectively. The other Myrtaceae essential oils (56 × 10−3 mg/mL only weakly inhibited the fungi or had no detectable affect. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis identified 16 compounds in <em>L. petersoniiem>> em>essential> em>oil.> em>The antifungal activity of the identified compounds was tested individually by using standard or synthesized compounds. Of these, neral and geranial inhibited growth by 100%, at an air concentration of 56 × 10−3 mg/mL, whereas the activity of citronellol was somewhat lover (80%. The other compounds exhibited only moderate or weak antifungal activity. The antifungal activities of blends of constituents identified in <em>L. petersoniiem> oil indicated that neral and geranial were the major contributors to the fumigant and antifungal activities.

  8. Clinical Relevance of <em>CDH1em> and <em>CDH13em> DNA-Methylation in Serum of Cervical Cancer Patients

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    Günther K. Bonn

    2012-07-01

    Full Text Available This study was designed to investigate the DNA-methylation status of <em>E>-cadherin (<em>CDH1em> and <em>H>-cadherin (<em>CDH13em> in serum samples of cervical cancer patients and control patients with no malignant diseases and to evaluate the clinical utility of these markers. DNA-methylation status of <em>CDH1em> and <em>CDH13em> was analyzed by means of MethyLight-technology in serum samples from 49 cervical cancer patients and 40 patients with diseases other than cancer. To compare this methylation analysis with another technique, we analyzed the samples with a denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC PCR-method. The specificity and sensitivity of <em>CDH1em> DNA-methylation measured by MethyLight was 75% and 55%, and for <em>CDH13em> DNA-methylation 95% and 10%. We identified a specificity of 92.5% and a sensitivity of only 27% for the <em>CDH1em> DHPLC-PCR analysis. Multivariate analysis showed that serum <em>CDH1em> methylation-positive patients had a 7.8-fold risk for death (95% CI: 2.2–27.7; <em>p> = 0.001 and a 92.8-fold risk for relapse (95% CI: 3.9–2207.1; <em>p> = 0.005. We concluded that the serological detection of <em>CDH1em> and <em>CDH13em> DNA-hypermethylation is not an ideal diagnostic tool due to low diagnostic specificity and sensitivity. However, it was validated that <em>CDH1em> methylation analysis in serum samples may be of potential use as a prognostic marker for cervical cancer patients.

  9. Extraction of Dihydroquercetin<em> em>from <em>Larix gmeliniem>i> em>with Ultrasound-Assisted and Microwave-Assisted Alternant Digestion

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    Yuangang Zu

    2012-07-01

    Full Text Available An ultrasound and microwave assisted alternant extraction method (UMAE was applied for extracting dihydroquercetin (DHQ from <em>Larix gmeliniem>i> wood. This investigation was conducted using 60% ethanol as solvent, 1:12 solid to liquid ratio, and 3 h soaking time. The optimum treatment time was ultrasound 40 min, microwave 20 min, respectively, and the extraction was performed once. Under the optimized conditions, satisfactory extraction yield of the target analyte was obtained. Relative to ultrasound-assisted or microwave-assisted method, the proposed approach provides higher extraction yield. The effect of DHQ of different concentrations and synthetic antioxidants on oxidative stability in soy bean oil stored for 20 days at different temperatures (25 °C and 60 °C was compared. DHQ was more effective in restraining soy bean oil oxidation, and a dose-response relationship was observed. The antioxidant activity of DHQ was a little stronger than that of BHA and BHT. Soy bean oil supplemented with 0.08 mg/g DHQ exhibited favorable antioxidant effects and is preferable for effectively avoiding oxidation. The <em>L. gmeliniiem> wood samples before and after extraction were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the UMAE method is a simple and efficient technique for sample preparation.

  10. How <em>Varroa> Parasitism Affects the Immunological and Nutritional Status of the Honey Bee, <em>Apis melliferaem>

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    Katherine A. Aronstein

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available We investigated the effect of the parasitic mite <em>Varroa destructorem> on the immunological and nutritional condition of honey bees, <em>Apis melliferaem>, from the perspective of the individual bee and the colony. Pupae, newly-emerged adults and foraging adults were sampled from honey bee colonies at one site in S. Texas, USA. <em>Varroa>‑infested bees displayed elevated titer of Deformed Wing Virus (DWV, suggestive of depressed capacity to limit viral replication. Expression of genes coding three anti-microbial peptides (<em>defensin1, abaecin, hymenoptaecinem> was either not significantly different between <em>Varroa>-infested and uninfested bees or was significantly elevated in <em>Varroa>-infested bees, varying with sampling date and bee developmental age. The effect of <em>Varroa> on nutritional indices of the bees was complex, with protein, triglyceride, glycogen and sugar levels strongly influenced by life-stage of the bee and individual colony. Protein content was depressed and free amino acid content elevated in <em>Varroa>-infested pupae, suggesting that protein synthesis, and consequently growth, may be limited in these insects. No simple relationship between the values of nutritional and immune-related indices was observed, and colony-scale effects were indicated by the reduced weight of pupae in colonies with high <em>Varroa> abundance, irrespective of whether the individual pupa bore <em>Varroa>.

  11. Trophic systems and chorology: data from shrews, moles and voles of Italy preyed by the barn owl / Sistemi trofici e corologia: dati su <em>Soricidae>, <em>Talpidae> ed <em>Arvicolidae> d'Italia predati da <em>Tyto albaem> (Scopoli 1769

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    Longino Contoli

    1986-12-01

    Full Text Available Abstract In small Mammals biogeography, available data are up to now by far too scanty for elucidate the distribution of a lot of taxa, especially with regard to the absence from a given area. In this respect, standardized quantitative sampling techniques, like Owl pellets analysis can enable not only to enhance faunistic knowledges, but also to estimate the actual absence probability of a given taxon "m", lacking from the diet of an individual raptor. For the last purpose, the relevant frequencies of "m" in the other ecologically similar sites of the same raptor species diets are averaged ($f_m$ : the relevant standard error (multiplicated by a coefficient, according to the desired degree of accuracy, in relation of the integral of probabilities subtracted ($overline{F}_m - a E$: then, the probability that a single specimen is not pertaining to "m" is obtained ($P_0 = 1 - F_m + a E$; lastly, the desiderate accuracy probability ($P_d$ is chosen. Now, "$N_d$" (the number of individuals of all prey species in a single site needed for obtain, with the desired probability, a specimen at least of "m" is obtained through $$N = frac{ln P_d}{ln P_0}$$ Obviously, every site-diet with more than "N" preyed individuals and without any "i" specimen is considered to be lacking of such taxon. A "usefulness index" for the above purposes is outlined and checked about three raptors. Some exanples about usefulness of the Owl pellet analysis method in biogeography are given, concerning <em>Tyto albaem> diets in peninsular Italy about: - <em>Sorex minutusem>, lacking in some quite insulated areas; - <em>Sorex araneusem> (sensu stricto, after GRAF et al., 1979, present also in lowland areas in Emilia-Romagna; - <em>Crocidura suaveolensem> and - <em>Suncus etruscusem>, present also in the southermost part of Calabria (Reggio province; - <em>Talpa caecaem>, present also in the Antiapennines of Latium (Cimini mounts; - <em>Talpa romanaem

  12. Fast detection and characterization of organic and inorganic gunshot residues on the hands of suspects by CMV-GC-MS and LIBS.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tarifa, Anamary; Almirall, José R

    2015-05-01

    A rapid method for the characterization of both organic and inorganic components of gunshot residues (GSR) is proposed as an alternative tool to facilitate the identification of a suspected shooter. In this study, two fast screening methods were developed and optimized for the detection of organic compounds and inorganic components indicative of GSR presence on the hands of shooters and non-shooters. The proposed methods consist of headspace extraction of volatile organic compounds using a capillary microextraction of volatiles (CMV) device previously reported as a high-efficiency sampler followed by detection by GC-MS. This novel sampling technique has the potential to yield fast results (LIBS) screening method for the detection of the inorganic components indicative of the presence of GSR (Sb, Pb and Ba) is described. The sampling method for the inorganics consists of liquid extraction of the target elements from the same cotton swabs (previously analyzed for VOCs) and an additional 30 swab samples followed by spiking 1μL of the extract solution onto a Teflon disk and then analyzed by LIBS. Advantages of LIBS include fast analysis (~12s per sample) and high selectivity and sensitivity, with expected LODs 0.1-18ng for each of the target elements after sampling. The analytical performance of the LIBS method is also compared to previously reported methods (inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy). The combination of fast CMV sampling, unambiguous organic compound identification with GC-MS and fast LIBS analysis provides the basis for a new comprehensive screening method for GSR. Copyright © 2015 Forensic Science Society. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

  13. A single tube PCR assay for simultaneous amplification of HSV-1/-2, VZV, CMV, HHV-6A/-6B, and EBV DNAs in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with virus-related neurological diseases.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yamamoto, T; Nakamura, Y

    2000-10-01

    Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens from 27 patients with encephalitis, meningitis, and other neurological diseases were studied for the presence of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1/-2), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), human herpesviruses 6A and 6B (HHV-6A/-6B) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. The DNAs were amplified using two sets of consensus primer pairs in a single tube, bringing simultaneous amplification of the herpesviruses. The PCR products were analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis, and Southern blot hybridization with virus-type specific probes, thus allowing discrimination between the different types of herpesviruses to be made. Each virus-specific probe was highly specific for identifying the PCR product. Thirty CSF specimens from 13 patients with encephalitis and 10 specimens from 10 patients with meningitis, respectively, were examined using this method. Eight patients with encephalitis and six with meningitis were positive for different herpesviruses, including patients with coinfections (HSV-1/-2 and VZV, VZV and CMV). Among four CSF specimens from four patients with other neurological disorders, dual amplification of CMV and EBV was present. Since identification of the types of herpesviruses in this system requires a very small amount of CSF, and is completed with one PCR, it is useful for routine diagnosis of herpesvirus infections in diagnostic laboratories. The viruses responsible for central nervous system infection are easily detected with various coinfection and serial patterns of herpesviruses, by this consensus primer-based PCR method. This may give an insight into the relationship between virus-related neurological diseases (VRNDS) and herpesvirus infections.

  14. Agronomic characteristics of 'Prata-anã' and 'Maçã' bananas micropropagated Desempenho agronômico de bananeiras ''Prata-anã e 'Maçã' micropropagadas

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    Luís Henrique Mariano Scandelai

    2006-04-01

    Full Text Available The experiment evaluated the agronomic characteristics of 'Prata-anã' and 'Maçã' banana plants, in the São Manuel region of São Paulo state. In the first crop cycle, the number of days from planting to inflorescence and from inflorescence to harvest; the number of shoots until the appearance of inflorescence and during the harvest period; active leaves number at inflorescence appearance and during the harvest period. Were evaluated yield parameters: like average weight of bunch, hand, rachis and fruit; average fruit number per hand and bunch; average fruit diameter and length. Incidences of plague diseases, as well as their severity were also evaluated. Delineation was totally at random, with 2 treatments, 15 replications and 5 useful plants per experimental plot. Both cultivars were characterized by values of descriptive average statistics and standard deviation, for characteristic interests. Number of days from planting to harvest was similar for both 'Prata-anã' and 'Maçã', 574 and 567 days respectively. Banana plants showed good phytosanitary quality throughout the whole cycle.O experimento foi instalado com o objetivo de estudar o desempenho agronômico de cultivares de bananeira Prata-anã e Maçã, na região de São Manuel-SP. Foram avaliadas as seguintes características de desenvolvimento, no primeiro ciclo de produção: número de dias do plantio à floração e da mesma à colheita, número de rebentos (filhos emitidos até o surgimento da inflorescência e na época da colheita, número de folhas ativas na época do aparecimento da inflorescência e da colheita, e características de rendimento, como peso médio do cacho, ráquis, penca e fruto, número médio de frutos por penca e cacho, comprimento e diâmetro médio dos frutos. Também foi avaliada a incidência de pragas e doenças. Foi empregado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com 2 tratamentos, 15 repetições e 5 plantas úteis por parcela experimental. As

  15. Crescimento de bananeiras sob diferentes níveis de salinidade da água de irrigação Growth in banana cultivars under different salinity levels of irrigation water

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    Gilcimar Alves do Carmo

    2003-12-01

    Full Text Available Avaliaram-se os efeitos do uso de diferentes níveis de salinidade da água de irrigação (S1 = 0,55 dS/m, S2 = 1,70 dS/m, S3 = 2,85 dS/m e S1 = 4,00 dS/m no crescimento vegetativo de bananeiras Pacovan (AAB e Marmelo (ABB, utilizando-se um solo Argissolo Crômico, textura franco-argilo-arenosa e adotando-se um delineamento experimental em blocos completos casualizados, com parcelas subdivididas e quatro repetições. As parcelas experimentais foram compostas de uma fileira com 10 plantas, sendo cinco de cada cultivar, com as três plantas centrais de cada sub-parcela consideradas úteis. As irrigações foram feitas diariamente ou a cada dois dias de modo a proporcionar uma fração de lixiviação ao redor de 0,15%, colocando-se volumes aproximados de água para manter o solo próximo à capacidade de campo. Os resultados obtidos aos 110, 160, 220, 300 e 360 dias após o plantio mostraram que o incremento nos níveis de salinidade diminuiu significativamente a altura da planta, o número de folhas e a área foliar com o aumento do nível de salinidade da água até no máximo 240 dias do desenvolvimento, havendo uma equiparação depois do período chuvoso.The effects of different salinity levels of irrigation water (S1 = 0.55 dS/m, S2 = 1.70 dS/m, S3 = 2.85 dS/m e S4 = 4.00 dS/m on vegetative growth in bananas Pacovan (AAB and Marmelo (ABB were evaluated. The experiment was carried out on a sandy clay loam Chromic Argisol in a split-plot scheme arranged in a randomized block design with four replications. The whole plots were composed of a row with 10-plants, five plants of each cultivar (subplot, and the data were collected from the three central ones. The irrigations were applied either dayly or every each two-days period in order to maintain a lixiviation fraction of 0.15, using approximate water sheets to keep the soil at field capacity. The data obtained at 110, 160, 220, 300, and 360 days after planting indicated that the water

  16. Proximate Composition, Nutritional Attributes and Mineral Composition of <em>Peperomia> <em>pellucida> L. (Ketumpangan Air Grown in Malaysia

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    Maznah Ismail

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available This study presents the proximate and mineral composition of <em>Peperomia> <em>pellucida> L., an underexploited weed plant in Malaysia. Proximate analysis was performed using standard AOAC methods and mineral contents were determined using atomic absorption spectrometry. The results indicated <em>Peperomia> <em>pellucida> to be rich in crude protein, carbohydrate and total ash contents. The high amount of total ash (31.22% suggests a high-value mineral composition comprising potassium, calcium and iron as the main elements. The present study inferred that <em>Peperomia> <em>pellucida> would serve as a good source of protein and energy as well as micronutrients in the form of a leafy vegetable for human consumption.

  17. Evaluation of Antioxidant Activities of Aqueous Extracts and Fractionation of Different Parts of <em>Elsholtzia em>ciliata>

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    Yuangang Zu

    2012-05-01

    Full Text Available The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant and free-radical scavenging activity of extract and fractions from various parts of <em>Elsholtzia ciliataem>. The inflorescences, leaves, stems and roots of <em>E. ciliataem> were extracted separately and two phenolic component enrichment methods: ethyl acetate-water liquid-liquid extraction and macroporous resin adsorption-desorption, were adopted in this study. The antioxidant activities of water extracts and fractions of <em>E. ciliataem> were examined using different assay model systems <em>in vitroem>. The fraction root E (purified by HPD300 macroporous resin exhibited the highest total phenolics content (497.2 ± 24.9 mg GAE/g, accompanied with the highest antioxidant activity against various antioxidant systems <em>in vitroem> compared to other fractions. On the basis of the results obtained, <em>E. ciliataem> extracts can be used potentially as a ready accessible and valuable bioactive source of natural antioxidants.

  18. Allometric and Isometric variations in the Italian <em>Apodemus sylvaticusem> and <em>Apodemus flavicollisem> with respect to the conditions of allopatry and sympatry / Variazioni allometriche e isometriche in <em>Apodemus sylvaticusem> e <em>Apodemus flavicollisem> italiani, rispetto alle condizioni di allopatria e simpatria

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    Giovanni Amori

    1986-12-01

    Full Text Available Abstract In Italy there are two species of <em>Apodemus> (<em>Sylvaemus>: <em>Apodemus sylvaticusem> on the mainland and the main island, and <em>Apodemus flavicollisem> only on the mainland. The trend of some morphometric characters of the skull (incisive foramen length - FI; interorbital breadth = IO; length of palatal bridge = PP; upper alveolar length = $M^1M^3$ was analized and some theoretical models verified for <em>A. sylvaticusem>. If one considers the sympatric population of <em>A. sylvaticusem> and <em>A. flavicollisem> simultaneously the characters PP, IO and $M^1M^3$ appear significantly isometric being directly correlated ($P leq O.O1$, while FI character results allometric with respect to the previous ones, as expected. If one considers the sympatric populations of each of the species separately, the scenario is different. For <em>A. sylvaticusem> only PP and $M^1M^3$ are isometric ($P leq 0.05$. For <em>A. flavicollisem> only $M^1M^3$ and FI appear to be correlated, although not as significantly as for <em>A. sylvaticusem> ($P le 0.05$; one tail. The insular populations of <em>A. sylvaticusem> do not show significant correlations, except for FI and $M^1M^3$ ($P le 0.05$. On the contrary, considering all populations, sympatric and allopatric, of <em>A. sylvaticusem> at the same time are significant correlations ($P le 0.05$ in all combinations of characters, except for those involving the IO. We suggest that the isometric relations in sympatric assemblages are confined within a morphological range available to the genus <em>Apodemus>. In such a space, the two species are split in two different and innerly homogeneous distributions. We found no evidence to confirm the niche variation hypothesis. On the contrary, the variability expressed as SO or CV's appears higher in the sympatric populations than in the allopatric ones, for three of the four characters, confirming previous results

  19. A Novel Apoptosis Correlated Molecule: Expression and Characterization of Protein Latcripin-1 from <em>Lentinula em>edodes> C91–3

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    Min Huang

    2012-05-01

    Full Text Available An apoptosis correlated molecule—protein Latcripin-1 of <em>Lentinula> edodesem> C91-3—was expressed and characterized in <em>Pichia pastorisem> GS115. The total RNA was obtained from <em>Lentinula edodesem> C91–3. According to the transcriptome, the full-length gene of Latcripin-1 was isolated with 3'-Full Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends (RACE and 5'-Full RACE methods. The full-length gene was inserted into the secretory expression vector pPIC9K. The protein Latcripin-1 was expressed in <em>Pichia pastorisem> GS115 and analyzed by Sodium Dodecylsulfonate Polyacrylate Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE and Western blot. The Western blot showed that the protein was expressed successfully. The biological function of protein Latcripin-1 on A549 cells was studied with flow cytometry and the 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl-2,5-Diphenyl-tetrazolium Bromide (MTT method. The toxic effect of protein Latcripin-1 was detected with the MTT method by co-culturing the characterized protein with chick embryo fibroblasts. The MTT assay results showed that there was a great difference between protein Latcripin-1 groups and the control group (<em>p em>< 0.05. There was no toxic effect of the characterized protein on chick embryo fibroblasts. The flow cytometry showed that there was a significant difference between the protein groups of interest and the control group according to apoptosis function (<em>p em>< 0.05. At the same time, cell ultrastructure observed by transmission electron microscopy supported the results of flow cytometry. The work demonstrates that protein Latcripin-1 can induce apoptosis of human lung cancer cells A549 and brings new insights into and advantages to finding anti-tumor proteins.

  20. Momentos em freios e em embraiagens

    OpenAIRE

    Mimoso, Rui Miguel Pereira

    2011-01-01

    Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Mecânica Nesta dissertação reúnem-se os modelos de cálculo utilizados na determinação dos momentos em freios e em embraiagens. Neste trabalho consideram-se os casos de freios e embraiagens de atrito seco e atrito viscoso. Nos freios de atrito viscoso são considerados casos em que as características dos fluidos não são induzidas, e outros em que são induzidas modificações a essas mesmas características. São a...

  1. Avaliação de bananeiras tipo prata, de porte alto, no semiárido Evaluation of banana prata, tall type, in the semi-arid

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    Verbenes Fernandes de Azevedo

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available Objetivou-se, com este trabalho avaliar, agronomicamente, em dois ciclos de produção, sete genótipos (tratamentos de bananeira tipo Prata, de porte alto, no semiárido. A variedade Pacovan (AAB, seus híbridos 'PacovanKen', PV42-53, 'Preciosa', 'Japira' e PV79-34 (AAAB e o híbrido 'Garantida' (AAAB, derivado da 'Prata São Tomé' foram avaliados. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com 10 repetições e espaçamento de plantio de 3,0 x 2,5 metros. Consideraram-se, na época do florescimento e da colheita, descritores fenotípicos vegetativos: de ciclo, de rendimento e de avaliação da severidade da Sigatoka-amarela. Submeteram-se os dados à análise de variância e agruparam-se as médias pelo Critério de Scott-Knott a 5% de probabilidade. Os valores das características aumentaram entre os ciclos de produção. Há variabilidade nas características entre os genótipos pertencentes ao mesmo grupo genômico e subgrupo, inclusive entre híbridos originados da mesma genitora. Os híbridos são mais vigorosos que a variedade Pacovan. A cultivar Garantida é a menos produtiva. A 'Pacovan' é a mais suscetível (nota seis, o híbrido PV79-34 apresenta suscetibilidade intermediária (nota três e os demais híbridos são resistentes à Sigatoka-amarela (nota um. O híbrido PV79-34 apresenta características favoráveis ao seu cultivo comercial, evidenciadas pelo menor porte, maior vigor, menor ciclo e maior número de pencas e de frutos.This work aimed to evaluate, agronomically, in two production cycles, seven genotypes (treatments of banana Prata, tall type, in the semi-arid. Pacovan (AAB variety and hybrids 'Pacovan-Ken', PV42-53, 'Preciosa', 'Japira' and PV79-34 (AAAB and the 'Garantida' (AAAB, from the 'Prata São Tomé' hybrid were evaluated. The experimental design was completely randomized with 10 replicates in the planting spacing 3.0 x 2.5 meters. At the time of flowering and harvesting, vegetative

  2. Parasitic zoonoses: survey in foxes (<em>Vulpes vulpesem> in the northern Apennines / Zoonosi parassitarie: indagini in volpi (<em>Vulpes vulpesem> dell'Appennino settentrionale

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    Vittorio Guberti

    1991-07-01

    Full Text Available Abstract A parasitological survey on 153 foxes was carried out in the northern Apennines, during the period 1984-1987. The following parasites were identified: <em>Toxocara canisem> (46.4%, <em>Taenia> sp. (17%, <em>Uncinaria stenocephalaem> (11.8%, <em>Mesocestoides lineatusem> (11.1%, <em>Ancylostoma caninumem> (3.9%, <em>Taenia hydatigenaem> (3.3%, <em>Trichuris vulpisem> (3.3%, <em>Dipylidium caninumem> (2.6%, <em>Taenia crassicepsem> (2%. All foxes were negative for <em>Trichinella> sp. A statistical analysis was performed to evaluate differences in the parasitic fauna according to the sex and age classes of the hosts. The role that the fox could have as a reservoir of helminthic zoonoses is discussed. The results are compared with those of similar studies carried out in Italy. Riassunto Nel periodo 1984-1987 è stata condotta un'indagine parassitologica su 153 volpi abbattute nell'Appennino romagnolo. Sono stati reperiti i seguenti parassiti: <em>Toxocara canisem> (46,4%, <em>Taenia> sp. (17%, <em>Uncinaria stenocephalaem> (11,8%, <em>Mesocestoides lineatusem> (11,1%, <em>Ancylostoma caninumem> (3,9%, <em>Taenia hydatigenaem> (3,3%, <em>Trichuris vulpisem> (3,3%, <em>Dipylidium caninumem> (2,6%, <em>Taenia crassicepsem> (2%. Tutte le volpi esaminate sono risultate negative per <em>Trichinella> sp. È stata effettuata l'analisi statistica dei dati per evidenziare eventuali differenze della fauna parassitaria in relazione al sesso e all'età delle volpi. Sulla base dei dati ottenuti viene discussa l'importanza che la Volpe può assumere come serbatoio di zoonosi elmintiche. I risultati acquisiti sono inoltre comparati con quelli ottenuti in analoghe ricerche condotte in Italia.

  3. Avaliação da atividade antifúngica de extratos de gengibre e eucalipto in vitro e em fibras de bananeira infectadas com Helminthosporium sp = Evaluation of antifungal activity in vitro of ginger and eucalypt extracts on banana fibers infected with Helminthosporium sp

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    Edvirgem Rodrigues

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a fungitoxicidade dos extratos brutos aquosos (EBA de gengibre (Zingiber officinalis e eucalipto (Corymbia citriodora sobre o fungo Helminthosporium sp. Este patógeno foi identificado nas fibras do pseudocaule da bananeira, as quais são utilizadas na fabricação de artesanato local. Foram avaliados o crescimento micelial e esporulação do fungo in vitro, além do crescimento da colônia fúngica nas fibras tratadas com os extratos das plantas. As fibras receberam os seguintes tratamentos:preventivo (P, curativo (C e T0, sendo que neste último, a inoculação e o tratamento com os EBAs foram realizados simultaneamente. Os resultados in vitro mostraram que, dos extratostestados, eucalipto foi mais eficiente na redução do crescimento micelial e produção de esporos do fungo. Com relação ao tratamento in vivo, verificou se que apenas as fibras tratadas preventivamente com o EBA de eucalipto não foram afetadas por Helminthosporium sp.The present work aimed to evaluate the fungitoxicity of ginger (Zingiber officinalis and eucalypt’s (Corymbia citriodora aqueouscrude extracts (ACE concerning the Helminthosporium sp fungus. This pathogen was identified in the fibers of banana pseudostem, used in local handicraft production. The fungus mycelial growth and sporulation were evaluated in vitro, as well as the growth of funguscolony on banana fibers treated with these plant extracts. The fibers received the following treatments: preventative, curative and T0 (the inoculation process and the treatments with the ACEs were used at the same time. The in vitro results showed that the eucalypt crude extract was the most efficient in mycelial growth and in reduction of spores production. As for the in vivo treatment, it was observed that fibers, preventatively treated with eucalypt ACE, were not affected by Helminthosporium sp.

  4. <em>In Vivoem> Histamine Optical Nanosensors

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    Heather A. Clark

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available In this communication we discuss the development of ionophore based nanosensors for the detection and monitoring of histamine levels <em>in vivoem>. This approach is based on the use of an amine-reactive, broad spectrum ionophore which is capable of recognizing and binding to histamine. We pair this ionophore with our already established nanosensor platform, and demonstrate <em>in vitroem> and <em>in vivoem> monitoring of histamine levels. This approach enables capturing rapid kinetics of histamine after injection, which are more difficult to measure with standard approaches such as blood sampling, especially on small research models. The coupling together of <em>in vivoem> nanosensors with ionophores such as nonactin provide a way to generate nanosensors for novel targets without the difficult process of designing and synthesizing novel ionophores.

  5. Cerebral mass lesion due to cytomegalovirus in a patient with AIDS: case report and literature review Lesão expansiva cerebral devida a citomegalovírus: relato de caso e revisão da literatura

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    José E. Vidal

    2003-12-01

    Full Text Available Cytomegalovirus (CMV disease in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS patients most commonly presents as chorioretinitis and gastro-intestinal infection. Neurological involvement due to CMV may cause several clinical presentations: polyradiculitis, myelitis, encephalitis, ventriculo-encephalitis, and mononeuritis multiplex. Rarely, cerebral mass lesion is described. We report a 39 year-old woman with AIDS and previous cerebral toxoplasmosis. She presented with fever, seizures, and vulval ulcers. Her chest X-ray showed multiple lung nodules, and a large frontal lobe lesion was seen in a brain computed tomography scan. She underwent a brain biopsy through a frontal craniotomy, but her condition deteriorated and she died in the first postoperative day. Histopathological studies and immunohistochemistry disclosed CMV disease, and there was no evidence of cerebral toxoplasmosis, bacterial, mycobacterial or fungal infection. CMV disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cerebral mass lesion in AIDS patients. High suspicion index, timely diagnostic procedures (surgical or minimally invasive, and proper utilization of prophylactic and therapeutic medication could improve outcome of these patients.As doenças causadas pelo citomegalovírus (CMV em pacientes com a síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida apresentam-se principalmente como corioretinite ou comprometimento gastrointestinal. No sistema nervoso central, o CMV pode causar diversas síndromes clínicas: poliradiculite, mielite, encefalite, ventrículo-encefalite e mononeurite múltipla. Raramente, lesões expansivas cerebrais são descritas. Os autores relatam o caso de uma paciente de 39 anos com antecedentes de infecção pelo HIV e toxoplasmose cerebral, que apresentou-se com febre, convulsões e úlceras vulvares. O raios-X de tórax demonstrou múltiplos nódulos pulmonares e a tomografia computadorizada de crânio evidenciou extensa lesão no lobo frontal esquerdo

  6. Variabilità morfologica ed ecologica in <em>Neomys fodiensem> e <em>Neomys anomalusem> nell'Appennino settentrionale

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    Dino Scaravelli

    2003-10-01

    Full Text Available I due <em>Neomys> italiani sono ancora da chiarire dal punto di vista della loro caratterizzazione morfologica e ecologica. Il lavoro prende in considerazione un campione di entrambe le specie proveniente da habitat forestali dell?Appennino settentrionale per i quali sono stati identificati i principali parametri ambientali. Vengono quindi descritte la variabilità dei tratti morfologici delle due specie in aree localizzate nel Parco Nazionale Foreste Casentinesi, Monte Falterona e Campigna nell?Appennino tosco-romagnolo. Risultano di sicuro effetto discriminatorio la maschera facciale, il rapporto piede posteriore/coda e i caratteri cranici. Sulla base dei criteri identificativi si sono realizzate rilevazioni di misure corporee per le due specie e una comparazione degli habitat utilizzati. <em>N. fodiensem> appare unica specie nelle faggete-abetine e dominante nei castagneti, mentre nell?Ontaneta e nelle zone aperte e termofile si registra la sola presenza di <em>N. anomalusem>. Mancano entrambi nei prati cespugliati, nella pecceta e nella cerreta. I gradienti presenti sono quindi illustrati. Non appare una differenza altitudinale nel campione esaminato, posto in stazioni tra i 400 e i 1300 m, ma per entrambe vi sono maggiori riscontri nella fascia tra 700 e 850 m. Nell?analisi multivariata rispetto alle altre specie e alle variabili ambientali si riscontra sempre una discreta correlazione con la presenza di acqua di una certa ampiezza, che comunque è significativa solo per <em>N. fodiensem>, mentre risulta di interesse la positiva correlazione di <em>N. anomalusem> con <em>Apodemus sylvaticusem>.

  7. Echolocation calls and morphology in the Mehelyi’s (<em>Rhinolophus mehelyiem> and mediterranean (<em>R. euryaleem> horseshoe bats: implications for resource partitioning

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    Egoitz Salsamendi

    2006-03-01

    Full Text Available Abstract <em>Rhinolophus euryaleem> and <em>R. mehelyiem> are morphologically very similar species and their distributions overlap extensively in the Mediterranean basin. We modelled their foraging behaviour using echolocation calls and wing morphology and, assuming niche segregation occurs between the two species, we explored how it is shaped by these factors. Resting frequency of echolocation calls was recorded and weight, forearm length, wing loading, aspect ratio and wing tip shape index were measured. <em>R. mehelyiem> showed a significantly higher resting frequency than <em>R. euryaleem>, but differences are deemed insufficient for dietary niche segregation. Weight and forearm length were significantly larger in <em>R. mehelyiem>. The higher values of aspect ratio and wing loading and a lower value of wing tip shape index in <em>R. melehyiem> restrict its flight manoeuvrability and agility. Therefore, the flight ability of <em>R. mehelyiem> may decrease as habitat complexity increases. Thus, the principal mechanism for resource partitioning seems to be based on differing habitat use arising from differences in wing morphology. Riassunto Ecolocalizzazione e morfologia nei rinolofi di Mehely (<em>Rhinolophus mehelyiem> e euriale (<em>R. euryaleem>: implicazioni nella segregazione delle risorse trofiche. <em>Rhinolophus euryaleem> e <em>R. mehelyiem> sono specie morfologicamente molto simili, la cui distribuzione risulta largamente coincidente in area mediterranea. Il comportamento di foraggiamento delle due specie è stato analizzato in funzione delle caratteristiche dei segnali di ecolocalizzazione e della morfologia alare, ed è stata valutata l’incidenza di questi fattori nell’ipotesi di una segregazione delle nicchie. È stata rilevata la frequenza a riposo dei segnali ultrasonori, così come il peso, la lunghezza dell’avambraccio, il carico alare, e due

  8. Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant and Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activities of <em>Amaranthus cruentusem> L. and <em>Amaranthus hybridusem> L. Extracts

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    Jeanne F. Millogo

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available This paper describes a preliminary assessment of the nutraceutical value of <em>Amaranthus cruentus (A. cruentusem> and <em>Amaranthus hybridus (A. hybridusem>, two food plant species found in Burkina Faso. Hydroacetonic (HAE, methanolic (ME, and aqueous extracts (AE from the aerial parts were screened for <em>in vitroem> antioxidant and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities. Phytochemical analyses revealed the presence of polyphenols, tannins, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, saponins and betalains. Hydroacetonic extracts have shown the most diversity for secondary metabolites. The TLC analyses of flavonoids from HAE extracts showed the presence of rutin and other unidentified compounds. The phenolic compound contents of the HAE, ME and AE extracts were determined using the Folin–Ciocalteu method and ranged from 7.55 to 10.18 mg Gallic acid equivalent GAE/100 mg. Tannins, flavonoids, and flavonols ranged from 2.83 to 10.17 mg tannic acid equivalent (TAE/100 mg, 0.37 to 7.06 mg quercetin equivalent (QE /100 mg, and 0.09 to 1.31 mg QE/100 mg, respectively. The betacyanin contents were 40.42 and 6.35 mg Amaranthin Equivalent/100 g aerial parts (dry weight in <em>A. cruentusem> and <em>A. hybridusem>, respectively. Free-radical scavenging activity expressed as IC50 (DPPH method and iron reducing power (FRAP method ranged from 56 to 423 µg/mL and from 2.26 to 2.56 mmol AAE/g, respectively. Xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities of extracts of <em>A. cruentus em>and <em>A. hybridusem> were 3.18% and 38.22%, respectively.<em> em>The> A. hybridusem> extract showed the best antioxidant and xanthine oxidase inhibition activities. The results indicated that the phytochemical contents of the two species justify their traditional uses as nutraceutical food plants.

  9. Dermatoses em renais cronicos em terapia dialitica

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    Luis Alberto Batista Peres

    2014-03-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: As desordens cutâneas e das mucosas são comuns em pacientes em hemodiálise a longo prazo. A diálise prolonga a expectativa de vida, dando tempo para a manifestação destas anormalidades. Os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar a prevalência de problemas dermatológicos em pacientes com doença renal crônica (DRC em hemodiálise. Métodos: Cento e quarenta e cinco pacientes com doença renal crônica em hemodiálise foram estudados. Todos os pacientes foram completamente analisados para as alterações cutâneas, de cabelos, mucosas e unhas por um único examinador e foram coletados dados de exames laboratoriais. Os dados foram armazenados em um banco de dados do Microsolft Excel e analisados por estatística descritiva. As variáveis contínuas foram comparadas pelo teste t de Student e as variáveis categóricas utilizando o teste do qui-quadrado ou o teste Exato de Fischer, conforme adequado. Resultados: O estudo incluiu 145 pacientes, com idade média de 53,6 ± 14,7 anos, predominantemente do sexo masculino (64,1% e caucasianos (90,0%. O tempo médio de diálise foi de 43,3 ± 42,3 meses. As principais doenças subjacentes foram: hipertensão arterial em 33,8%, diabetes mellitus em 29,6% e glomerulonefrite crônica em 13,1%. As principais manifestações dermatológicas observadas foram: xerose em 109 (75,2%, equimose em 87 (60,0%, prurido em 78 (53,8% e lentigo em 33 (22,8% pacientes. Conclusão: O nosso estudo mostrou a presença de mais do que uma dermatose por paciente. As alterações cutâneas são frequentes em pacientes em diálise. Mais estudos são necessários para melhor caracterização e manejo destas dermatoses.

  10. Cytotoxicity and Glycan-Binding Properties of an 18 kDa Lectin Isolated from the Marine Sponge <em>Halichondria em>okadai>

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    Yasuhiro Ozeki

    2012-04-01

    Full Text Available A divalent cation-independent lectin—HOL-18, with cytotoxic activity against leukemia cells, was purified from a demosponge, <em>Halichondria okadaiem>. HOL-18 is a 72 kDa tetrameric lectin that consists of four non-covalently bonded 18 kDa subunits. Hemagglutination activity of the lectin was strongly inhibited by chitotriose (GlcNAcβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-4GlcNAc, fetuin and mucins from porcine stomach and bovine submaxillary gland. Lectin activity was stable at pH 4–12 and temperatures lower than 60 °C. Frontal affinity chromatography with 16 types of pyridylaminated oligosaccharides indicated that the lectin had an affinity for <em>N>-linked complex-type and sphingolipid-type oligosaccharides with <em>N>-acetylated hexosamines and neuramic acid at the non-reducing termini. The lectin killed Jurkat leukemia T cells and K562 erythroleukemia cells in a dose- and carbohydrate-dependent manner.

  11. Over-Expression of CYP2E1 mRNA and Protein: Implications of Xenobiotic Induced Damage in Patients with <em>De Novoem> Acute Myeloid Leukemia with inv(16(p13.1q22; <em>CBFβ>-MYH11em>

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    Carlos E. Bueso-Ramos

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available Environmental exposure to benzene occurs through cigarette smoke, unleaded gasoline and certain types of plastic. Benzene is converted to hematotoxic metabolites by the hepatic phase-I enzyme CYP2E1, and these metabolites are detoxified by the phase-II enzyme NQO1. The genes encoding these enzymes are highly polymorphic and studies of these polymorphisms have shown different pathogenic and prognostic features in various hematological malignancies. The potential role of different cytochrome p450 metabolizing enzymes in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML in an area of active interest. In this study, we demonstrate aberrant CYP2E1 mRNA over-expression by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in 11 cases of <em>de novoem> AML with inv(16; CBFβ-MYH11. CYP2E1 mRNA levels correlated with <em>CBFβ>-MYH11 em>transcript levels and with bone marrow blast counts in all cases. CYP2E1 over-expression correlated positively with NQO1 mRNA levels (R2 = 0.934, n = 7. By immunohistochemistry, CYP2E1 protein was more frequently expressed in AML with inv(16 compared with other types of AML (<em>p> < 0.001. We obtained serial bone marrow samples from two patients with AML with inv(16 before and after treatment. CYP2E1 mRNA expression levels decreased in parallel with <em>CBFβ>-MYH11 em>transcript levels and blast counts following chemotherapy. In contrast, CYP1A2 transcript levels did not change in either patient. This is the first study to demonstrate concurrent over-expression of CYP2E1 and NQO1 mRNA in AML with inv(16. These findings also suggest that a balance between CYP2E1 and NQO1 may be important in the pathogenesis of AML with inv(16.

  12. Simulated digestion for testing the stability of edible vaccine based on Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) chimeric particle display Hepatitis C virus (HCV) peptide.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vitti, Antonella; Nuzzaci, Maria; Condelli, Valentina; Piazzolla, Pasquale

    2014-01-01

    Edible vaccines must survive digestive process and preserve the specific structure of the antigenic peptide to elicit effective immune response. The stability of a protein to digestive process can be predicted by subjecting it to the in vitro assay with simulated gastric fluid (SGF) and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF). Here, we describe the protocol of producing and using chimeric Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) displaying Hepatitis C virus (HCV) derived peptide (R9) in double copy as an oral vaccine. Its stability after treatment with SGF and SIF and the preservation of the antigenic properties were verified by SDS-PAGE and immuno western blot techniques.

  13. Expression of human bone morphogenetic protein (BMP-2 and BMP-4 genes in transgenic bovine fibroblasts Expressão dos genes bone morphogenetic protein (BMP-2 e BMP-4 em fibroblastos bovinos transgênicos

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    C. Oleskovicz

    2004-08-01

    Full Text Available cDNAs dos genes bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2 e bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4 foram sintetizados a partir de RNA total extraído de tecidos ósseos de pacientes que apresentavam trauma facial (fraturas do maxilar entre o 7º e o 10º dia pós-trauma e clonados num vetor para expressão em células mamíferas, sob controle do promotor de citomegalovírus (CMV. Os vetores contendo os genes BMP-2 e o BMP-4 foram utilizados para a transfecção de fibroblastos bovinos. mRNAs foram indiretamente detectados por RT-PCR nas células transfectadas. As proteínas BMP-2 e BMP-4 foram detectadas mediante análises de Western blot. Os resultados demonstram a possibilidade de produção desses fatores de crescimento celular em fibroblastos bovinos. Essas células poderão ser utilizadas como fontes doadoras de material genético para a técnica de transferência nuclear na geração de animais transgênicos.

  14. The pharmacokinetics and safety profile of oral ganciclovir in combination with trimethoprim in HIV- and CMV-seropositive patients

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jung, Donald; AbdelHameed, Magdy H; Hunter, John; Teitelbaum, Philip; Dorr, Albert; Griffy, Kay

    1999-01-01

    Aims We investigated the pharmacokinetics and safety profile of oral ganciclovir coadministered with trimethoprim in HIV-and CMV-seropositive patients. Methods In an open-label, randomized, 3-way crossover study, 12 adult males received oral ganciclovir 1000 mg every 8h, oral trimethoprim 200 mg once daily, or both drugs concomitantly in a sequence of three 7-day treatment periods. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined and adverse events recorded for each treatment. Results The presence of trimethoprim significantly decreased CLr (12.9%, P = 0.0068) and increased t1/2 (18.1%, P = 0.0378) of ganciclovir. However, these changes are unlikely to be clinically meaningful. There were no statistically significant changes in trimethoprim pharmacokinetic parameters in the presence of ganciclovir, with the exception of a 12.7% increase in Cmin. Ganciclovir was well tolerated when administered alone or in combination with trimethoprim. Conclusions There was no clinically significant pharmacokinetic interaction between oral ganciclovir and trimethoprim when coadministered. PMID:10215748

  15. Cytomegalovirus and other herpesviruses infections in heart and bone marrow transplant recipients Infecções causadas por citomegalovírus e outros vírus do grupo herpes em transplantados cardíacos e de medula óssea

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    Adriana Weinberg

    1990-10-01

    e 80% desenvolveram uma ou mais recorrências durante o período de observação. Dos 12 episódios de infecão por CMV detectados neste estudo, 83% foram acompanhados por alterações clínicas ou laboratoriais. Apenas um caso apresentou doença grave. A incidência de infecções causadas por vírus Herpes simplex (HSV, foi de 50%. Apesar da maioria das reativações do HSV fossem representadas por lesões orais ou genitais, houve também um caso de hepatite por HSV. Um dos 6 episódios de infecção, por HSV que foram tratados com aciclovir não respondeu ao tratamento. Posteriormente, o paciente se beneficiou com o uso de ganciclovir. Todos os indivíduos apresentavam antes do transplante anticorpos anti-vírus da varicela zoster. Porém, não houve nenhum caso de reativação. Este estudo realça a importância do controle diagnóstico ativo das infecções por herpes-vírus em pacientes transplantados. Tanto as infecções causadas por CMV como por HSV mostraram alta incidência e grande morbidade indicando a necessidade de quimioprofilaxia.

  16. Thermal Studies of Zn(II, Cd(II and Hg(II Complexes of Some <em>N-Alkyl-N>-Phenyl-Dithiocarbamates

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    Peter A. Ajibade

    2012-07-01

    Full Text Available The thermal decomposition of Zn(II, Cd(II and Hg(II complexes of <em>N-ethyl-N>-phenyl and <em>N-butyl-N>-phenyl dithiocarbamates have been studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC. The products of the decomposition, at two different temperatures, were further characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX. The results show that while the zinc and cadmium complexes undergo decomposition to form metal sulphides, and further undergo oxidation forming metal oxides as final products, the mercury complexes gave unstable volatiles as the final product.

  17. Microgravity Analogues of Herpes Virus Pathogenicity: Human Cytomegalovirus (hCMV) and Varicella Zoster (VZV) Infectivity in Human Tissue Like Assemblies (TLAs)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Goodwin, T. J.; McCarthy, M.; Albrecht, T.; Cohrs, R.

    2009-01-01

    The old adage we are our own worst enemies may perhaps be the most profound statement ever made when applied to man s desire for extraterrestrial exploration and habitation of Space. Consider the immune system protects the integrity of the entire human physiology and is comprised of two basic elements the adaptive or circulating and the innate immune system. Failure of the components of the adaptive system leads to venerability of the innate system from opportunistic microbes; viral, bacteria, and fungal, which surround us, are transported on our skin, and commonly inhabit the human physiology as normal and imunosuppressed parasites. The fine balance which is maintained for the preponderance of our normal lives, save immune disorders and disease, is deregulated in microgravity. Thus analogue systems to study these potential Risks are essential for our progress in conquering Space exploration and habitation. In this study we employed two known physiological target tissues in which the reactivation of hCMV and VZV occurs, human neural and lung systems created for the study and interaction of these herpes viruses independently and simultaneously on the innate immune system. Normal human neural and lung tissue analogues called tissue like assemblies (TLAs) were infected with low MOIs of approximately 2 x 10(exp -5) pfu hCMV or VZV and established active but prolonged low grade infections which spanned .7-1.5 months in length. These infections were characterized by the ability to continuously produce each of the viruses without expiration of the host cultures. Verification and quantification of viral replication was confirmed via RT_PCR, IHC, and confocal spectral analyses of the respective essential viral genomes. All host TLAs maintained the ability to actively proliferate throughout the entire duration of the experiments as is analogous to normal in vivo physiological conditions. These data represent a significant advance in the ability to study the triggering

  18. Murine CMV-induced hearing loss is associated with inner ear inflammation and loss of spiral ganglia neurons.

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    Russell D Bradford

    2015-04-01

    Full Text Available Congenital human cytomegalovirus (HCMV occurs in 0.5-1% of live births and approximately 10% of infected infants develop hearing loss. The mechanism(s of hearing loss remain unknown. We developed a murine model of CMV induced hearing loss in which murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV infection of newborn mice leads to hematogenous spread of virus to the inner ear, induction of inflammatory responses, and hearing loss. Characteristics of the hearing loss described in infants with congenital HCMV infection were observed including, delayed onset, progressive hearing loss, and unilateral hearing loss in this model and, these characteristics were viral inoculum dependent. Viral antigens were present in the inner ear as were CD(3+ mononuclear cells in the spiral ganglion and stria vascularis. Spiral ganglion neuron density was decreased after infection, thus providing a mechanism for hearing loss. The lack of significant inner ear histopathology and persistence of inflammation in cochlea of mice with hearing loss raised the possibility that inflammation was a major component of the mechanism(s of hearing loss in MCMV infected mice.

  19. Conservazione e gestione della Lepre italica (<em>Lepus corsicanusem>

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    Francesco Riga

    2003-10-01

    Full Text Available Il recente riconoscimento dello <em>status> specifico della Lepre italica (<em>Lepus corsicanusem> e l?accertamento dell?areale distributivo rappresentano le azioni più importanti per la conservazione di un <em>taxon endemicoem> che si era creduto estinto. Nella penisola la specie presenta un areale discontinuo, il cui limite settentrionale è dato dal comune di Manciano (GR, sul versante tirrenico e da una linea che dalla provincia de L'Aquila arriva al Gargano. In Sicilia la distribuzione è relativamente continua anche in aree non protette. Dati genetici hanno permesso di confermare la presenza in Corsica. Al contrario, nell?Isola d'Elba, a seguito di estese ricerche, sono stati identificati solo esemplari di <em>L. europaeusem>. Nell?Italia peninsulare <em>L. corsicanusem> è spesso presente in simpatria con popolazioni di <em>L. europaeusem>, mentre in Sicilia la lepre europea non ha originato popolazioni stabili, nonostante l?immissione di molte migliaia di individui. La distribuzione ecologica di <em>L. corsicanusem> ed analisi ambientali specifiche, suggeriscono l?adattamento prevalente agli ambienti a clima mediterraneo, benché essa sia presente anche a quote elevate (> 1.500 m s.l.m.. Dati preliminari di abbondanza relativa hanno evidenziato una situazione diversificata tra la penisola e la Sicilia e tra aree a diverso regime di gestione; un confronto tra le aree protette ha evidenziato rispettivamente valori di 5,54 e 11,73 ind./km². La riduzione quali-quantitativa e la frammentazione dell?<em>habitat> delle lepri è un fenomeno potenzialmente pericoloso per la sopravvivenza delle popolazioni, determinando fenomeni di estinzione locale dovuti alle basse densità di popolazione, inducendo fenomeni di erosione della variabilità genetica e di riduzione della <em>fitness> degli individui. L?introduzione di <em>L. europaeusem> può costituire un importante fattore limitante sia per la possibile competizione

  20. Methyl 2-Benzamido-2-(1<em>H>-benzimidazol-1-ylmethoxyacetate

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    Alami Anouar

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available The heterocyclic carboxylic α-aminoester methyl 2-benzamido-2-(1<em>H>-benzimidazol-1-ylmethoxyacetate is obtained by <em>O>-alkylation of methyl α-azido glycinate <em>N>-benzoylated with 1<em>H>-benzimidazol-1-ylmethanol.

  1. Synergistic activation of the CMV promoter by NF-κB P50 and PKG

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    He Bin; Weber, Georg F.

    2004-01-01

    Several DNA binding NF-κB subunits are substrates for cGMP-dependent kinase (PKG) and their transactivation from cognate sites is induced by phosphorylation. This includes p50, which does not have a transcriptional activation domain and therefore needs to bind to other proteins to mediate gene expression. Here, we describe the synergistic transactivation by p50 and PKG from the CMV promoter. This is caused not only by phosphorylation of p50, leading to increased DNA binding, but also by PKG-dependent activation of CRE sites in the promoter. One of the CRE sites is located directly adjacent to a NF-κB site and is essential for p50-mediated induction of transcription. According to the binding of CREB to p50 in pull-down assays and according to the inhibition of p50-dependent transactivation by dominant-negative CREB, this reflects the formation of a transcription factor complex containing CREB and p50. The nuclear translocation of NF-κB is insufficient to distinguish among the multitude of promoters that harbor cognate recognition sites. The phosphorylation of multiple transcription factors by an upstream kinase, such as PKG, can lead to the formation of transcription factor complexes and differential transactivation from a subset of NF-κB sites. These interactions may be relevant for the activation of viral gene expression

  2. Development of 101 Gene-based Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Markers in Sea Cucumber, <em>Apostichopus japonicusem>>

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    Wei Lu

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs are currently the marker of choice in a variety of genetic studies. Using the high resolution melting (HRM genotyping approach, 101 gene-based SNP markers were developed for <em>Apostichopus japonicusem>, a sea cucumber species with economic significance for the aquaculture industry in East Asian countries. HRM analysis revealed that all the loci showed polymorphisms when evaluated using 40 <em>A. japonicusem> individuals collected from a natural population. The minor allele frequency ranged from 0.035 to 0.489. The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.050 to 0.833 and 0.073 to 0.907, respectively. Thirteen loci were found to depart significantly from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE after Bonferroni corrections. Significant linkage disequilibrium (LD was detected in one pair of markers. These SNP markers are expected to be useful for future quantitative trait loci (QTL analysis, and to facilitate marker-assisted selection (MAS in <em>A. japonicusem>.

  3. Activity-Guided Isolation of Antioxidant Compounds from <em>Rhizophora apiculataem>

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    Hongbin Xiao

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available <em>Rhizophora apiculataem> (<em>R. apiculataem> contains an abundance of biologically active compounds due its special salt-tolerant living surroundings. In this study, the total phenolic content and antioxidant activities of various extract and fractions of stem of <em>R. apiculataem> were investigated. Results indicated that butanol fraction possesses the highest total phenolic content (181.84 mg/g GAE/g dry extract with strongest antioxidant abilities. Following <em>in vitroem> antioxidant activity-guided phytochemical separation procedures, lyoniresinol-3α-<em>O>-β-arabinopyranoside (1, lyoniresinol-3α-<em>O>-β-rhamnoside (2, and afzelechin-3-<em>O>-L-rhamno-pyranoside (3 were separated from the butanol fraction. These compounds showed more noticeable antioxidant activity than a BHT standard in the DPPH, ABTS and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays. HPLC analysis results showed that among different plant parts, the highest content of 13 was located in the bark (0.068%, 0.066% and 0.011%, respectively. The results imply that the <em>R. apiculataem> might be a potential source of natural antioxidants and 13 are antioxidant ingredients in <em>R. apiculataem>.

  4. Synthesis and Spectroscopic Analysis of Novel 1<em>H-Benzo[d>]imidazoles Phenyl Sulfonylpiperazines

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    Amjad M. Qandil

    2012-05-01

    Full Text Available A group of benzimidazole analogs of sildenafil, 3-benzimidazolyl-4-methoxy-phenylsulfonylpiperazines 2–4 and 3-benzimidazolyl-4-methoxy-<em>N,N>-dimethyl- benzenesulfonamide (5, were efficiently synthesized. Compounds 2–5 were characterized by NMR and MS and contrary to the reported mass spectra of sildenafil, the spectra of the piperazine-containing compounds 2–4 showed a novel fragmentation pattern leading to an <em>m/z> = 316. A mechanism for the formation of this fragment was proposed.

  5. Osservazioni in cattività sul ciclo stagionale del peso corporeo e sull'efficienza digestiva di <em>Pipistrellus kuhliiem> e <em>Hypsugo saviiem> (Chiroptera: Verspertilionidae

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    Gianna Dondini

    2004-06-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Captivity observation on body weight cycle and digestive efficiency in <em>Pipistrellus kuhliiem> and <em>Hypsugo saviiem> (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae Many bat species of cold-temperate climate are subject to seasonal variation of temperature and food availability. Fat reserve during summer-autumn is therefore a physiological adaptation to spend the winter months by hibernating or to sustain migration. During a research on bats in urban areas, two juveniles of Kuhl's bat (<em>Pipistrellus kuhliiem>, 2 females and two juveniles of Savi's bat (<em>Hypsugo saviiem>, 1 male and 1 female were collected in 1997 in the urban area of Florence (central Italy. Bats were kept in a cage of 50x40x30 cm with a temperature between 17° and 22° C. Every day they were weighted with an electronic balance before eating mealworms (<em>Tenebrio molitorem>. Digestive efficiency, calculated on dry material, was about 90% for both species. In about six months <em>P. kuhliiem> and <em>H. saviiem> increased on the average of 450% and 280% in weight respectively. Deposition of fat reserve seemed to be faster in <em>P. kuhliiem> than in <em>H. saviiem>. Both species showed a circannual cycle in the variation of weight. Riassunto Molte specie di pipistrelli dei climi temperato-freddi sono soggette a marcate variazioni stagionali di temperatura e disponibilità di cibo. L'accumulo di grasso in tarda estate-autunno è quindi un adattamento fisiologico per trascorrere in ibernazione i mesi invernali o per intraprendere la migrazione. Nell'ambito di una ricerca pluriennale sui pipistrelli in ambienti urbani, 4 esemplari giovani, di cui 2 di Pipistrello albolimbato (<em>Pipistrellus kuhliiem>, 2 femmine e due di Pipistrello di Savi (<em>Hypsugo saviiem>, 1 maschio e 1 femmina, sono stati raccolti nella pianura di Firenze durante l'estate del 1997 e mantenuti in un contenitore di 50x40x30 cm ad

  6. Glycosylation of Vanillin and 8-Nordihydrocapsaicin by Cultured <em>Eucalyptus perrinianaem> Cells

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    Naoji Kubota

    2012-05-01

    Full Text Available Glycosylation of vanilloids such as vanillin and 8-nordihydrocapsaicin by cultured plant cells of <em>Eucalyptus perrinianaem> was studied. Vanillin was converted into vanillin 4-<em>O>-b-D-glucopyranoside, vanillyl alcohol, and 4-<em>O>-b-D-glucopyranosylvanillyl alcohol by <em>E. perriniana em>cells. Incubation of cultured <em>E. perrinianaem> cells with 8-nor- dihydrocapsaicin gave 8-nordihydrocapsaicin 4-<em>O>-b-D-glucopyranoside and 8-nordihydro- capsaicin 4-<em>O>-b-D-gentiobioside.

  7. Estudo de simulações de microclimas em casas de vegetação visando à aclimatação de mudas micropropagadas de bananeira cv Grande Naine Simulations of microclimate in greenhouses aiming the acclimatization of micropropagated seedlings of banana cv. Grande Naine

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ciro Scaranari

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available Em processos de aclimatação, o controle ambiental assume papel de vital importância, pois, ainda na condição in vitro, as plantas não operam eficientemente a absorção de luz, água e nutrientes. Devem, portanto, ser submetidas a ambientes controlados sob condições favoráveis de luminosidade, temperatura (ao redor de 28ºC, com mínimas a 18ºC e máximas a 34ºC e umidade relativa (acima de 75%. Para tanto, foram construídos 5 mini-túneis com temperatura e umidade relativa controladas. No controle da temperatura, usaram-se resfriadores evaporativos do tipo ventilador-meio poroso, 28/25ºC. No controle da umidade relativa, usou-se nebulização durante o dia a 75% sob intermitência de 6s a cada 40s. Para o monitoramento da temperatura e umidade relativa, foram instalados 3 psicrômetros aspirados em cada casa de vegetação, ligados a sistema programado para leituras diárias com partição de 60s. Os resultados indicam controle satisfatório nos ambientes, oferecendo condições favoráveis para as plantas de bananeira sob o 2º estágio de aclimatação, embora tenham sido observadas diferenças significativas entre eles. Para o estudo da luminosidade, sob filme plástico transparente PEBD de 100µm, foram utilizadas telas com média de sombreamento na faixa RFA (400 a 700nm de 69,92%, 50,73%, 29,73% e 57,77%, sendo as 3 primeiras de cor vermelha (com picos na faixa de 580nm e redução abrupta a partir daí, e a última de cor preta (comportamento linear, respectivamente. O 5º ambiente contou apenas com o filme, apresentando 12,74% de interceptação da radiação solar. Esses valores foram obtidos a partir de amostras pareadas, tela e filme para os 4 primeiros ambientes e apenas o filme para o último, utilizando-se de espectro-radiômetro programado para a faixa de 400 a 1.100nm, com resolução espectral de 2nm. Dentro e fora de cada ambiente, obtiveram-se dados de irradiâncias RFA e global, por meio de sensores

  8. Effects of different CMV-heat-inactivation-methods on growth factors in human breast milk.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Goelz, Rangmar; Hihn, Eva; Hamprecht, Klaus; Dietz, Klaus; Jahn, Gerhard; Poets, Christian; Elmlinger, Martin

    2009-04-01

    Preterm infants can inoculate virulent cytomegalovirus (CMV) through their mothers' raw breast milk. Complete virus inactivation is achieved only by heat treatment, but the effect on growth factors has never been assessed systematically. Insulin-like-growth-factor-1-, IGF-2-, insulin-like-growth-factor-binding-protein-2-, and IGFBP-3-concentrations were measured, before and after heating, in 51 breast-milk-samples from 28 mothers, and epidermal-growth-factor-concentrations in a subgroup of 35 samples from 22 mothers. Two heating methods were applied: Short-term (5 s) pasteurisation at 62, 65, and 72 degrees C, and long-term Holder-Pasteurisation (30 min) at 63 degrees C. IGF-1, IGF-2, IGFBP-2, and IGFBP-3 were measured by RIA, and EGF by ELISA. Heating for 30 min decreased significantly IGF-1 by 39.4%, IGF-2 by 9.9%, IGFBP-2 by 19.1%, and IGFBP-3 by 7.0%. In contrast, IGF-1, IGF-2, IGFBP-2, and IGFBP-3 were not altered significantly when using a short heating duration of 5 s, irrespective of the level of temperature, except for IGF-2 at 62 degrees C for 5 s (p = 0.041) and IGFBP-2 at 72 degrees C for 5 s (p = 0.025). Neither long- nor short-time heating methods changed the concentration of EGF. Only short heating methods (5 s, 62-72 degrees C) can preserve, almost completely, the concentrations of IGFs in human milk, whereas Holder-Pasteurization does not.

  9. Preferencia alimenticia del ácaro depredador <em>Balaustium> sp. en condiciones controladas

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    Muñoz Karen

    2009-04-01

    Full Text Available

    Se evaluó la preferencia de presas de <em>Balaustium> sp., enemigo natural de diferentes artrópodos plaga, y el cual es nativo de la Sabana de Bogotá. En unidades experimentales construidas con foliolos de plantas de rosa se colocaron independientemente individuos de <em>Balaustium> sp. y se registró el número de presas consumidas. De esta manera se determinó la preferencia de los tres estados móviles del ácaro depredador <em>Balaustium> sp. por diferentes edades de tres presas. Las especies y edades de las presas estudiadas fueron: huevos, ninfas y adultos de <em>Trialeurodes vaporariorumem>, huevos, ninfas y adultos de <em>Tetranychus urticaeem>, y larvas de primer y segundo instar y adultos de <em>Frankliniella occidentalisem>. Los estados menos desarrollados fueron preferidos, aunque se observó que los adultos del depredador tienen gran habilidad para consumir adultos de <em>T. vaporariorumem>. La presa preferida por las larvas de <em>Balaustium> sp. fue los huevos de <em>T. urticaeem> con una proporción de consumo de 0,54 de los huevos que se ofrecieron de esta presa; las deutoninfas del depredador eligieron huevos de <em>T. vaporariorumem> (0,537 o de <em>T. urticaeem> (0,497 y los adultos de <em>Balaustium> sp. prefrieron los huevos de <em>T. vaporariorumem> (0,588.

  10. Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Carnosic Acid and Rosmarinic Acid Using Ionic Liquid Solution from <em>Rosmarinus officinalisem>>

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    Chunjian Zhao

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available Ionic liquid based, ultrasound-assisted extraction was successfully applied to the extraction of phenolcarboxylic acids, carnosic acid and rosmarinic acid, from <em>Rosmarinus officinalisem>. Eight ionic liquids, with different cations and anions, were investigated in this work and [C8mim]Br was selected as the optimal solvent. Ultrasound extraction parameters, including soaking time, solid–liquid ratio, ultrasound power and time, and the number of extraction cycles, were discussed by single factor experiments and the main influence factors were optimized by response surface methodology. The proposed approach was demonstrated as having higher efficiency, shorter extraction time and as a new alternative for the extraction of carnosic acid and rosmarinic acid from <em>R. officinalisem>> em>compared with traditional reference extraction methods. Ionic liquids are considered to be green solvents, in the ultrasound-assisted extraction of key chemicals from medicinal plants, and show great potential.

  11. Antioxidant Profile of <em>Trifolium pratenseem> L.

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    Heidy Schwartsova

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available In order to examine the antioxidant properties of five different extracts of <em>Trifolium pratenseem> L. (Leguminosae leaves, various assays which measure free radical scavenging ability were carried out: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, hydroxyl, superoxide anion and nitric oxide radical scavenger capacity tests and lipid peroxidation assay. In all of the tests, only the H2O and (to some extent the EtOAc extracts showed a potent antioxidant effect compared with BHT and BHA, well-known synthetic antioxidants. In addition, <em>in vivo em>experiments were conducted with antioxidant systems (activities of GSHPx, GSHR, Px, CAT, XOD, GSH content and intensity of LPx in liver homogenate and blood of mice after their treatment with extracts of <em>T. pratenseem> leaves, or in combination with CCl4. Besides, in the extracts examined the total phenolic and flavonoid amounts were also determined, together with presence of the selected flavonoids: quercetin, luteolin, apigenin, naringenin and kaempferol, which were studied using a HPLC-DAD technique. HPLC-DAD analysis showed a noticeable content of natural products according to which the examined <em>Trifolium pratenseem> species could well be regarded as a promising new source of bioactive natural compounds, which can be used both as a food supplement and a remedy.

  12. Acometimento pulmonar em crianças com a síndrome da imunodeficiência humana (AIDS: estudo clínico e de necrópsia de 14 casos Necroscopic study of 14 children with AIDS and pneumonia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    I.T.R. YPARRAGUIRRE

    2001-06-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Descrever os aspectos clínicos, laboratoriais, radiológicos e anatomopatológicos encontrados em tecidos pulmonares de necrópsias de crianças com Aids e acometimento pulmonar. MÉTODOS: Foram revisados, retrospectivamente, prontuários, radiografias simples de tórax e laudos de necrópsias de 14 crianças com Aids e acometimento pulmonar. RESULTADOS: Oito casos eram do sexo masculino e seis do feminino. As idades variaram de três meses a nove anos, mediana de 1,2, sendo nove deles menores de dois anos. A transmissão foi vertical em 10 pacientes, dos quais cinco mães tinham história de contaminação por relação heterossexual; três, por hemotransfusão e em duas, ignorada. Pneumonia (n=8, candidíase oral (n=8 e diarréia (n=5 foram as doenças prévias mais referidas. Os sinais e sintomas observados à internação foram febre (n=12, dispnéia (n=10, tosse (n=11, linfoadenomegalia (n=11, hepato e/ou esplenomegalia (n=10, desnutrição (n=9, palidez (n=8, cianose (n=5 e baqueteamento digital (n=2. Os achados radiológicos mais comuns foram infiltrados difusos (n=6 e condensações (n=5. As alterações histológicas pulmonares foram compatíveis com pneumonia pelo citomegalovírus (n=9, por bactérias (n=8, por Pneumocystis carinii (n=3, por Hystoplasma capsulatum (n=1, por Toxoplasma gondii (n=1 e pneumonia intersticial linfocítica (n=1. A associação CMV e bactéria foi observada em seis casos. CONCLUSÕES: Houve predomínio de menores de dois anos, de transmissão vertical, de quadro clínico inespecífico de doença pulmonar e de infiltrados e condensações à radiografia. Citomegalovírus e bactérias foram os agentes mais comuns, sendo freqüente a sua associação. Pneumonia Intersticial Linfocítica e Pneumonia pelo P. carinii não foram causas freqüentes de doenças pulmonares.BACKGROUND: To describe clinical, laboratorial, radiological, and histopathological lung findings from necroscopy of aidetic children

  13. A Neutralizing Anti-gH/gL Monoclonal Antibody Is Protective in the Guinea Pig Model of Congenital CMV Infection

    Science.gov (United States)

    Auerbach, Marcy R.; Yan, Donghong; Vij, Rajesh; Hongo, Jo-Anne; Nakamura, Gerald; Vernes, Jean-Michel; Meng, Y. Gloria; Lein, Samantha; Chan, Pamela; Ross, Jed; Carano, Richard; Deng, Rong; Lewin-Koh, Nicholas; Xu, Min; Feierbach, Becket

    2014-01-01

    Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the most common cause of congenital virus infection. Congenital HCMV infection occurs in 0.2–1% of all births, and causes birth defects and developmental abnormalities, including sensorineural hearing loss and developmental delay. Several key studies have established the guinea pig as a tractable model for the study of congenital HCMV infection and have shown that polyclonal antibodies can be protective [1]–[3]. In this study, we demonstrate that an anti-guinea pig CMV (GPCMV) glycoprotein H/glycoprotein L neutralizing monoclonal antibody protects against fetal infection and loss in the guinea pig. Furthermore, we have delineated the kinetics of GPCMV congenital infection, from maternal infection (salivary glands, seroconversion, placenta) to fetal infection (fetus and amniotic fluid). Our studies support the hypothesis that a neutralizing monoclonal antibody targeting an envelope GPCMV glycoprotein can protect the fetus from infection and may shed light on the therapeutic intervention of HCMV congenital infection in humans. PMID:24722349

  14. Bioassay-Guided Antidiabetic Study of <em>Phaleria macrocarpaem> Fruit Extract

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    Mohd Z. Asmawi

    2012-04-01

    Full Text Available An earlier anti-hyperglycemic study with serial crude extracts of <em>Phaleria macrocarpaem> (PM fruit indicated methanol extract (ME as the most effective. In the present investigation, the methanol extract was further fractionated to obtain chloroform (CF, ethyl acetate (EAF, <em>n>-butanol (NBF and aqueous (AF fractions, which were tested for antidiabetic activity. The NBF reduced blood glucose (<em>p> < 0.05 15 min after administration, in an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT similar to metformin. Moreover, it lowered blood glucose in diabetic rats by 66.67% (<em>p> em>< 0.05, similar to metformin (51.11%, glibenclamide (66.67% and insulin (71.43% after a 12-day treatment, hence considered to be the most active fraction. Further fractionation of NBF yielded sub-fractions I (SFI and II (SFII, and only SFI lowered blood glucose (<em>p em>< 0.05, in IPGTT similar to glibenclamide. The ME, NBF, and SFI correspondingly lowered plasma insulin (<em>p em>< 0.05 and dose-dependently inhibited glucose transport across isolated rat jejunum implying an extra-pancreatic mechanism. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of flavonoids, terpenes and tannins, in ME, NBF and SFI, and LC-MS analyses revealed 9.52%, 33.30% and 22.50% mangiferin respectively. PM fruit possesses anti-hyperglycemic effect, exerted probably through extra-pancreatic action. Magniferin, contained therein may be responsible for this reported activity.

  15. Alimentazione di <em>Marmota marmotaem> in praterie altimontane delle dolomiti bellunesi

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    Alessandro Rudatis

    2006-03-01

    Full Text Available Abstract The diet of <em>Marmota marmotaem> in the mountain prairie of south-eastern Italian Alps. Diet composition of two family groups of alpine marmots was investigated in two areas of the Agordino’s Dolomites (Italian Alps in June-September 2001, by means of microscopic analysis of faeces and of direct observation of feeding activity. During the whole period of activity, a high consume of Angiosperms was confirmed, especially plants in flower; among them the “graminoids” seemed to play an important role only during the initial part of the active period. Generally vegetative parts predominated over flowers. The ingestion of animal preys was not confirmed by the analysis of droppings. Comparing diet composition of the two groups, Graminaceae (<em>Poa>, <em>Phleum>, Compositae (<em>Achillea>, Cyperaceae/Juncaceae, Leguminosae (<em>Anthyllis>, Rosaceae, and Labiatae (<em>Prunella>, <em>Stachys> formed the bulk of marmot diet in the study areas. Diet showed low diversity considering the abundance of plant species in the surrounding environment. Food resources were probably used in relation to their easy digestibility, with a high content in proteins, sugar and water. The knowledge of vegetation features in relation to marmot trophic habits can represent a useful tool for the management of this species. Riassunto Il regime alimentare di due gruppi di Marmotta alpina è stato studiato in giugno-settembre 2001 in due aree delle Dolomiti agordine (SE Italia, attraverso l’analisi microscopica delle feci e l’osservazione diretta dell’attività alimentare. Durante tutto il periodo di attività si è notato un forte consumo di Angiosperme, specialmente piante a fiore, mentre le ”graminoidi” sembra giochino un ruolo importante all’inizio della stagione. In generale le parti vegetali predominano sui fiori. L’ingestione di prede animali non è stata

  16. <em>Ipomoea aquaticaem> Extract Shows Protective Action Against Thioacetamide-Induced Hepatotoxicity

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    A. Hamid A. Hadi

    2012-05-01

    Full Text Available In the Indian system of traditional medicine (Ayurveda it is recommended to consume <em>Ipomoea em>aquatica> to mitigate disorders like jaundice. In this study, the protective effects of ethanol extract of <em>I. aquaticaem> against liver damage were evaluated in thioacetamide (TAA-induced chronic hepatotoxicity in rats. There was no sign of toxicity in the acute toxicity study, in which Sprague-Dawley (SD rats were orally fed with <em>I. aquaticaem> (250 and 500 mg/kg for two months along with administration of TAA (i.p injection 200 mg/kg three times a week for two months. The results showed that the treatment of <em>I. aquaticaem> significantly lowered the TAA-induced serum levels of hepatic enzyme markers (ALP, ALT, AST, protein, albumin, bilirubin and prothrombin time. The hepatic content of activities and expressions SOD and CAT that were reduced by TAA were brought back to control levels by the plant extract supplement. Meanwhile, the rise in MDA level in the TAA receiving groups also were significantly reduced by <em>I. aquaticaem> treatment. Histopathology of hepatic tissues by H&E and Masson trichrome stains displayed that <em>I. aquaticaem> has reduced the incidence of liver lesions, including hepatic cells cloudy swelling, infiltration, hepatic necrosis, and fibrous connective tissue proliferation induced by TAA in rats. Therefore, the results of this study show that the protective effect of <em>I. aquaticaem> in TAA-induced liver damage might be contributed to its modulation on detoxification enzymes and its antioxidant and free radical scavenger effects. Moreover, it confirms a scientific basis for the traditional use of <em>I. aquaticaem> for the treatment of liver disorders.

  17. Classe social: conceitos e esquemas operacionais em pesquisa em saude

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    Rita Barradas Barata

    2013-08-01

    Full Text Available Discute-se a utilização do conceito de classe em pesquisas em saúde, as diferentes abordagens sociológicas de estratificação social e de estrutura de classes, o potencial explicativo do conceito em estudos de determinação social e desigualdades em saúde, os modelos de operacionalização elaborados para uso em pesquisas sociológicas, demográficas ou de saúde e os limites e possibilidades desses modelos. Foram destacados quatro modelos de operacionalização: de Singer para estudo da distribuição de renda no Brasil, adaptado por Barros para uso em pesquisas epidemiológicas; de Bronfman & Tuirán para o censo demográfico mexicano, adaptado por Lombardi et al para pesquisas epidemiológicas; de Goldthorpe para estudos socioeconômicos ingleses, adaptado pela Sociedade Espanhola de Epidemiologia; e o modelo de Wright para pesquisa em sociologia e ciência política, também usado em inquéritos populacionais em saúde. Em conclusão, conceitualmente cada um dos modelos apresentados é coerente com a concepção teórica que os embasam, mas não há como optar por qualquer deles, descartando os demais.

  18. The diet of the fox (<em>Vulpes vulpesem> in woodlands of Orobie Alps (Lombardy region, Northern Italy / Alimentazione della Volpe (<em>Vulpes vulpesem> in aree boscate delle Alpi Orobie

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    Marco Cantini

    1991-07-01

    Full Text Available Abstract The diet of the fox was investigated by analysis of 273 scats, collected along standard trails from April to November 1987 and 1988. Food habits of foxes were described for three altitudinal ranges. Mammals, mainly <em>Clethrionomys glareolusem> and <em>Microtus multiplexem>, were the staple food (percentage of frequency 42.8%, followed by fruits and other vegetables (26.7% and 37.3% respectively. Birds, Invertebrates (mainly Insects and garbage were little eaten. The game species (ungulates, hares, pheasants occurred with a low frequency (8.4% in the diet. The trophic niche breadth varied little through the altitudinal ranges and the seasons. The trophic niche overlap between the fox and the genus <em>Martes> (190 scats of <em>M. martesem> and <em>M. foinaem> were examined is relatively wide (O=0.868. Riassunto La dieta della Volpe (<em>Vulpes vulpesem> in aree boscate delle Alpi Orobie (Val Lesina è stata indagata nel periodo aprile-novembre 1987 e 1988 mediante l'analisi di 273 feci, raccolte lungo percorsi-campione ricadenti in tre piani vegetazionali. I Mammiferi, in particolare <em>Clethrionomys glareolusem> e <em>Microtus multiplexem>, sono la componente principale della dieta (frequenza percentuale 42,8%. Rilevante è anche il consumo di frutti (soprattutto in estate e autunno e di altri vegetali (26,7% e 37,3% rispettivamente, mentre poco frequente è quello di Uccelli, Invertebrati e rifiuti. Complessivamente ridotta è l'azione predatoria della Volpe nei confronti delle specie di interesse venatorio (Ungulati, lepri, Galliformi. L'ampiezza della nicchia trofica mostra modeste variazioni stagionali e altitudinali. I1 grado di sovrapposizione tra la nicchia trofica della Volpe e quella del genere <em>Martes>, quest'ultima ricavata dall'analisi di 190 feci di Martora (<em>M. martesem> e Faina (<em>M. foinaem>, è elevato (O=0,868. Tuttavia, poiché in condizioni di

  19. Osservazioni in cattività sul ciclo stagionale del peso corporeo e sull'efficienza digestiva di <em>Pipistrellus kuhliiem> e <em>Hypsugo saviiem> (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae

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    Gianna Dondini

    2003-10-01

    Full Text Available Molte specie di pipistrelli delle fasce climatiche temperato-fredde sono soggette a marcate variazioni stagionali di temperatura e disponibilità di cibo. L'accumulo di grasso in autunno è quindi un adattamento per trascorrere, in uno stato di profondo torpore definibile ibernazione, i mesi invernali, aumentando così la probabilità di sopravvivenza durante tale periodo. Nell?ambito di una attività pluriennale relativa alla raccolta, studio e, quando possibile, riabilitazione di pipistrelli in ambienti urbani, due esemplari di <em>Pipistrellus kuhliiem> (2 femmine e due di <em>Hypsugo saviiem> (1 maschio e 1 femmina, in entrambi casi giovani che ancora non avevano acquisito una sufficiente capacità nel volo e quindi non liberabili, sono stati raccolti nella pianura di Firenze durante l?estate del 1998 e mantenuti in condizioni di temperatura ambientale oscillante tra i 17 e i 22°C, in un contenitore di 150x40x30 cm. Ogni sera sono stati pesati, prima della somministrazione di cibo e acqua, con una bilancia elettronica con precisione di 0.1 g (modello Tanita 1479. L'alimentazione è stata a base di vermi della farina (<em>Tenebrio molitorem>. L?efficienza digestiva è calcolata nel seguente modo, su materiale disidratato: (quantità ingerita ? quantità escrementi/quantità ingerita*100. Per il calcolo di tale indice gli esemplari delle due specie sono stati separati e mantenuti per 24 ore a partire dalla successiva sera dell?ultima somministrazione, favorendo così lo svuotamento dell?intestino. Successivamente, per due giorni è stato fornito del cibo <em>ad libitumem>, pesando i singoli esemplari una volta terminata la fase di alimentazione, per determinare la quantità ingerita. Al termine abbiamo mantenuto gli esemplari a digiuno per 24 ore successive all?ultima somministrazione per permettere lo svuotamento dell?intestino. Gli escrementi raccolti sono stati posti in forno elettrico a 90 °C per 24 ore e successivamente pesati

  20. Net Energy, CO2 Emission and Land-Based Cost-Benefit Analyses of <em>Jatropha> em>Biodiesel: A Case Study of the Panzhihua Region of Sichuan Province in China

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    Xiangzheng Deng

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available Bioenergy is currently regarded as a renewable energy source with a high growth potential. Forest-based biodiesel, with the significant advantage of not competing with grain production on cultivated land, has been considered as a promising substitute for diesel fuel by many countries, including China. Consequently, extracting biodiesel from <em>Jatropha> curcasem> has become a growing industry. However, many key issues related to the development of this industry are still not fully resolved and the prospects for this industry are complicated. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the net energy, CO2 emission, and cost efficiency of <em>Jatropha> biodiesel as a substitute fuel in China to help resolve some of the key issues by studying data from this region of China that is well suited to growing <em>Jatropha>. Our results show that: (1 <em>Jatropha> biodiesel is preferable for global warming mitigation over diesel fuel in terms of the carbon sink during <em>Jatropha> tree growth. (2 The net energy yield of <em>Jatropha> biodiesel is much lower than that of fossil fuel, induced by the high energy consumption during <em>Jatropha> plantation establishment and the conversion from seed oil to diesel fuel step. Therefore, the energy efficiencies of the production of <em>Jatropha> and its conversion to biodiesel need to be improved. (3 Due to current low profit and high risk in the study area, farmers have little incentive to continue or increase <em>Jatropha> production. (4 It is necessary to provide more subsidies and preferential policies for <em>Jatropha> plantations if this industry is to grow. It is also necessary for local government to set realistic objectives and make rational plans to choose proper sites for <em>Jatropha> biodiesel development and the work reported here should assist that effort. Future research focused on breading high-yield varieties, development of efficient field

  1. Threatening “the Good Order”: West Meets East in Cecil B. DeMille’s <em>The Cheatem> and John Updike’s <em>Terrorist>

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    Bradley M. Freeman

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available

    Despite almost a hundred years of separation, both Cecil B. DeMille’s film <em>The Cheatem> (1915 and John Updike’s novel <em>Terrorist> (2006 deploy a clear-cut territorial divide between Western and Eastern spaces in order to envision a unified American space. These narratives superimpose a “natural” division on these historically opposed spaces and thereby suggest that any contact between these spaces will have dangerous consequences. These consequences include the potential dissolution and eventual destruction of American productivity, surveillance, and territorial integrity. DeMille’s film and Updike’s novel represent America as a nation-state that must be protected from the East. In 1915, <em>The Cheatem> warned against an interracial America and the upsurge in immigration that characterized the turn of the century. Nearly a century later, <em>Terrorist> presupposes an interracial America but still constructs an East that threatens the security of America. While registering the particular concerns of two distinct historical moments, these narratives represent a larger attempt in American aesthetics to imagine an East that jeopardizes the utopian possibilities of an overly idealized American space.

  2. <em>In Vitro em>Phytotoxicity and Antioxidant Activity of Selected Flavonoids

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    Rita Patrizia Aquino

    2012-05-01

    Full Text Available The knowledge of flavonoids involved in plant-plant interactions and their mechanisms of action are poor and, moreover, the structural characteristics required for these biological activities are scarcely known. The objective of this work was to study the possible <em>in vitro em>phytotoxic effects of 27 flavonoids on the germination and early radical growth of <em>Raphanus sativus em>L.> and <em>Lepidium sativumem> L., with the aim to evaluate the possible structure/activity relationship. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of the same compounds was also evaluated. Generally, in response to various tested flavonoids, germination was only slightly affected, whereas significant differences were observed in the activity of the various tested flavonoids against radical elongation. DPPH test confirms the antioxidant activity of luteolin, quercetin, catechol, morin, and catechin. The biological activity recorded is discussed in relation to the structure of compounds and their capability to interact with cell structures and physiology. No correlation was found between phytotoxic and antioxidant activities.

  3. Determining the IgM and IgG antibody titer against CMV and helicobacter pylori in the serum of multiple sclerosis patients comparing to the control group in Hamadan.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Salim, Masome Afiati; Eftekharian, Mohammad Mahdi; Taheri, Mohammad; Yousef Alikhani, Mohammad

    2017-07-19

    Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that disables central nervous system (CNS) system. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) probably has an important role in the MS pathology. The infection with helicobacter pylori also is recognized as a protective agent against MS in female. Serum samples were isolated and frozen at -70∘C. The earlier mentioned anti-virus antibodies and antibacterial antibodies were quantified by Elisa kit. The results showed that IgG antibody average value against cytomegalovirus in the blood of multiple sclerosis patients not only decreased but also was significant statistically (pmultiple sclerosis patients against helicobacter pylori shown a statistically significant decrease (pmultiple sclerosis patients.

  4. Produção e caracterização de frutos de bananeira 'Prata-Anã'e 'Prata-Zulu' Production and characterization of 'Prata Anã'and 'Prata Zulu' banana fruits

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    Erval Rafael Damatto Júnior

    2005-12-01

    Full Text Available O trabalho objetivou comparar o ciclo cultural e a produção, além de avaliar atributos físico-químicos e sensoriais de frutos de bananeiras das cultivares Prata-Anã e Prata-Zulu, nas condições de Botucatu-SP. Foram avaliadas as seguintes características em campo: número de dias entre o plantio e o florescimento; número de dias entre o florescimento e a colheita; ciclo; peso do cacho; número de frutos por cacho; número de pencas por cacho; peso, número de frutos, comprimento e diâmetro dos frutos da 2ª penca. As análises físico-químicas foram realizadas no dia da colheita e a cada 3 dias, num período de 12 dias, sendo determinados: perda de massa, firmeza, relação polpa/casca, pH, acidez total titulável, e sólidos solúveis totais. Na análise sensorial, avaliou-se a aceitação dos atributos sabor, textura, aparência, aroma e apreciação geral dos frutos. Com os resultados obtidos, verificou-se que a cultivar Prata-Zulu apresentou produção bastante superior à 'Prata-Anã', o que indica ser uma cultivar com boas características agronômicas. Apesar de a cultivar Prata-Zulu apresentar maior perda de massa e menor firmeza, apresentou como vantagem frutos mais doces (maior SST; mesmo assim, a preferência do consumidor é pela 'Prata-Anã', que apresenta como principal vantagem as dimensões do fruto, que são menores, tornando-se assim mais práticos para o consumo.This work aimed to compare the cultural cycle, production and evaluate physic chemistry and sensorial characteristics of banana fruits Prata Anã and Prata Zulu cultivars, produced in Botucatu-SP. It was evaluated the following field characteristics: days between planting and blooming; days between blooming and harvest, cycle; bunch weight; number of fruits in the bunch; number of hands in the bunch; weight, number of fruits, fruits length; and fruits diameter in the 2nd hand. The physics chemistry analyses were realized in the harvest day and every 3 days

  5. Busca de estruturas em grandes escalas em altos redshifts

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    Boris, N. V.; Sodré, L., Jr.; Cypriano, E.

    2003-08-01

    A busca por estruturas em grandes escalas (aglomerados de galáxias, por exemplo) é um ativo tópico de pesquisas hoje em dia, pois a detecção de um único aglomerado em altos redshifts pode por vínculos fortes sobre os modelos cosmológicos. Neste projeto estamos fazendo uma busca de estruturas distantes em campos contendo pares de quasares próximos entre si em z Â3 0.9. Os pares de quasares foram extraídos do catálogo de Véron-Cetty & Véron (2001) e estão sendo observados com os telescópios: 2,2m da University of Hawaii (UH), 2,5m do Observatório de Las Campanas e com o GEMINI. Apresentamos aqui a análise preliminar de um par de quasares observado nos filtros i'(7800 Å) e z'(9500 Å) com o GEMINI. A cor (i'-z') mostrou-se útil para detectar objetos "early-type" em redshifts menores que 1.1. No estudo do par 131046+0006/J131055+0008, com redshift ~ 0.9, o uso deste método possibilitou a detecção de sete objetos candidatos a galáxias "early-type". Num mapa da distribuição projetada dos objetos para 22 escala. Um outro argumento em favor dessa hipótese é que eles obedecem uma relação do tipo Kormendy (raio equivalente X brilho superficial dentro desse raio), como a apresentada pelas galáxias elípticas em z = 0.

  6. Encapsulation-Induced Stress Helps <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae em>Resist Convertible Lignocellulose Derived Inhibitors

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    Johan O. Westman

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available The ability of macroencapsulated <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae em>CBS8066<em> em>to withstand readily and not readily <em>in situem> convertible lignocellulose-derived inhibitors was investigated in anaerobic batch cultivations. It was shown that encapsulation increased the tolerance against readily convertible furan aldehyde inhibitors and to dilute acid spruce hydrolysate, but not to organic acid inhibitors that cannot be metabolized anaerobically. Gene expression analysis showed that the protective effect arising from the encapsulation is evident also on the transcriptome level, as the expression of the stress-related genes <em>YAP1em>, <em>ATR1em> and <em>FLR1em> was induced upon encapsulation. The transcript levels were increased due to encapsulation already in the medium without added inhibitors, indicating that the cells sensed low stress level arising from the encapsulation itself. We present a model, where the stress response is induced by nutrient limitation, that this helps the cells to cope with the increased stress added by a toxic medium, and that superficial cells in the capsules degrade convertible inhibitors, alleviating the inhibition for the cells deeper in the capsule.

  7. Correlation between clinical diagnosis and PCR analysis of serum, aqueous, and vitreous samples in patients with inflammatory eye disease Correlação entre o diagnóstico clínico e análise do PCR de amostras do soro, aquoso e vítreo em pacientes com doença inflamatória ocular

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    Kimble Matos

    2007-02-01

    (especificidade, sensibilidade do teste da reação da cadeia de polimerase (PCR na detecção de citomegalovírus (CMV, herpes vírus e varicela zoster (HSV, VZV, Epstein-Barr vírus (EBV, Mycobacterium sp e Toxoplasma gondii no diagnóstico de pacientes com ou sem AIDS, com uveíte infecciosa presumível, utilizando amostras de humor aquoso, humor vítreo e soro. MÉTODOS: Vinte pacientes com uveíte infecciosa presumível foram estudados. Dezesseis destes apresentavam AIDS e quatro eram imunocompetentes. Foram utilizados quatro pacientes como grupo controle que se submeteram a vitrectomia. A avaliação clínica foi feita conjuntamente com três oftalmologistas. O exame do PCR do soro, aquoso e vítreo foi feito sem o conhecimento da hipótese diagnóstica pela equipe do laboratório. RESULTADOS: Doze pacientes tinham o diagnóstico clínico de retinite por CMV. Deste subgrupo 6 (50% eram PCR positivo para CMV no vítreo, 3 (25% eram PCR positivos para CMV no soro e nenhum destes foi positivo no aquoso. Cinco pacientes tinham o diagnóstico clínico de necrose aguda de retina (ARN. Três (60% destes eram PCR positivos para HSV/VZV no vítreo. Um destes pacientes era PCR positivo tanto para EBV e HSV/VZV na amostra do vítreo. Um destes pacientes com herpes zoster cutâneo era PCR positivo para HSV/VZV no soro. Quatro pacientes tinham o diagnóstico de toxoplasmose ocular presumida, um paciente (25% era PCR positivo para Toxoplasma gondii no soro, 3 (75% eram positivos no aquoso e 2 (50% eram positivo no vítreo. Um paciente com tuberculose ocular presumível era PCR positivo tanto no soro quanto no vítreo. Nenhum dos pacientes do grupo controle era PCR positivo em qualquer amostra. CONCLUSÃO: O exame do PCR é procedimento diagnóstico auxiliar que deve ser utilizado conjuntamente com os aspectos clínicos.

  8. Morphological identification of the Soprano Pipistrelle (<em>Pipistrellus pygmaeusem> Leach, 1825 in Croatia.

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    Igor Pavlinić

    2008-07-01

    Full Text Available Abstract After the discovery of two different phonic types within the common pipistrelle (<em>Pipistrellus pipistrellusem>, mtDNA analysis confirmed the existence of two separate species named as common pipistrelle (<em>P. pipistrellusem> and soprano pipistrelle (<em>P. pygmaeusem>. The discrimination of these two cryptic species using external characters and measures has proved to be somewhat problematic. We examined two colonies of soprano pipistrelle from Donji Miholjac, Croatia. As a result, only two characters proved to be of help for field identification: wing venation (89% of cases and penis morphology and colour for males. The difference in length between the 2nd and 3rd phalanxes of the 3rd finger should be discarded as diagnostic trait between <em>P. pipistrellusem> and <em>P. pygmaeusem> in Croatia. Riassunto Identificazione su basi morfologiche del pipistrello pigmeo (<em>Pipistrellus pygmeausem>, Leach, 1825 in Croazia. A seguito della descrizione di due differenti "tipi fonici" nel pipistrello nano (<em>Pipistrellus pipistrellusem> e della successiva conferma su basi genetiche dell'esistenza di due specie distinte, designate come pipistrello nano (<em>P. pipistrellusem> e pipistrello pigmeo (<em>P. pygmaeusem>, la distinzione delle due specie in base a caratteristiche morfologiche esterne si è dimostrata un problema di difficile soluzione. Sulla base delle caratteristiche distintive e delle differenze biometriche proposte da altri Autori, sono state esaminate due colonie di pipistrello pigmeo a Donji Miholjac, in Croazia. I risultati ottenuti evidenziano che, tra tutti i potenziali caratteri sinora proposti, solo due risultano utili per un'identificazione diretta sul campo: la venatura delle ali, risultata utile alla discriminazione nell'89% degli esemplari analizzati, e la colorazione e morfologia del pene nei maschi. La

  9. Altitudinal distribution of the common longeared bat <em>Plecotus auritusem> (Linnaeus, 1758 and grey long-eared bat <em>Plecotus austriacusem> (J. B. Fischer, 1829 (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae in the Tatra mountains (southern Poland

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    Krzysztof Piksa

    2006-03-01

    Full Text Available Riassunto Distribuzione altitudinale di Orecchione bruno (<em>Plecotus auritusem> e Orecchione meridionale (<em>Plecotus austriacusem> nei Monti Tatra (Polonia meridionale. Vengono riportati nuovi dati relativi alla distribuzione altitudinale nei Monti Tatra (Polonia meridionale di <em>Plecotus auritusem> e <em>P. austriacusem>. Tali segnalazioni incrementano le conoscenze relative alla presenza di questi chirotteri a quote elevate, in particolare per la Polonia. In inverno <em>P. auritusem> è stato rinvenuto a 1921 m s.l.m. mentre in estate è stato rinvenuto a 2250 m s.l.m.; in aggiunta, sono stati ritrovati resti ossei a 1929 m s.l.m. <em>P. austriacusem> è stato segnalato in ibernazione a 1294 m s.l.m.

  10. Action of Chitosan Against <em>Xanthomonas> Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated from <em>Euphorbia pulcherrimaem>

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    Yanli Wang

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available The antibacterial activity and mechanism of two kinds of chitosan were investigated against twelve <em>Xanthomonas> strains recovered from <em>Euphorbia pulcherrimaem>. Results indicated that both chitosans markedly inhibited bacterial growth based on OD loss. Furthermore, the release of DNA and RNA from three selected strains was increased by both chitosans. However, the release of intracellular proteins was inhibited by both chitosans at different concentration and incubation times, except chitosan A at 0.1 mg/mL for 0.5 h incubation and 0.2 mg/mL for 2.0 h incubation increased the release of proteins, indicating the complexity of the interaction and cell membranes, which was affected by incubation time, bacterial species, chitosan type and concentration. Transmission electron microscopic observations revealed that chitosan caused changes in protoplast concentration and surface morphology. In some cells, the membranes and walls were badly distorted and disrupted, while other cells were enveloped by a thick and compact ribbon-like layer. The contrary influence on cell morphology may explain the differential effect in the release of material. In addition, scanning electron microscope and biofilm formation test revealed that both chitosans removed biofilm biomass. Overall, this study showed that membrane and biofilm play an important role in the antibacterial mechanism of chitosan.

  11. Study of the <em>in Vitroem> Antiplasmodial, Antileishmanial and Antitrypanosomal Activities of Medicinal Plants from Saudi Arabia

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    Nawal M. Al-Musayeib

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available The present study investigated the <em>in vitroem> antiprotozoal activity of sixteen selected medicinal plants. Plant materials were extracted with methanol and screened <em>in vitroem> against erythrocytic schizonts of <em>Plasmodium falciparumem>, intracellular amastigotes of <em>Leishmania infantum em>and <em>Trypanosoma cruzi em>and free trypomastigotes of<em> T. bruceiem>. Cytotoxic activity was determined against MRC-5 cells to assess selectivity<em>. em>The criterion for activity was an IC50 < 10 µg/mL (4. Antiplasmodial activity was found in the<em> em>extracts of<em> em>>Prosopis julifloraem> and <em>Punica granatumem>. Antileishmanial activity<em> em>against <em>L. infantumem> was demonstrated in <em>Caralluma sinaicaem> and <em>Periploca aphylla.em> Amastigotes of<em> T. cruzi em>were affected by the methanol extract of<em> em>>Albizia lebbeckem>> em>pericarp, <em>Caralluma sinaicaem>,> Periploca aphylla em>and <em>Prosopius julifloraem>. Activity against<em> T. brucei em>was obtained in<em> em>>Prosopis julifloraem>. Cytotoxicity (MRC-5 IC50 < 10 µg/mL and hence non-specific activities were observed for<em> em>>Conocarpus lancifoliusem>.>

  12. <em>Trichoderma harzianumem> como promotor del crecimiento vegetal del maracuyá (<em>Passiflora edulisem> var. <em>flavicarpa> Degener

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    Cubillos-Hinojosa Juan

    2009-04-01

    Full Text Available

    Se realizó un experimento en condiciones de laboratorio e invernadero, con el propósito de evaluar el efecto de la cepa nativa TCN-014 y la cepa comercial TCC-005 de <em>Trichoderma harzianumem> sobre la germinación y el crecimiento temprano del maracuyá. Se adecuaron inóculos de 104, 106 y 108 conidias/mL para cada cepa y se aplicaron a semillas de maracuyá; se evaluó el número de semillas germinadas durante 15 días; se calculó el porcentaje de germinación, el índice de velocidad de germinación y el tiempo medio de germinación. Posteriormente las semillas germinadas se llevaron a condiciones de invernadero y transcurridos dos meses se midió la altura de las plántulas, el grosor del tallo, el número de hojas, la longitud de la raíz y el peso seco total. Todos los tratamientos estimularon la germinación de las semillas y el desarrollo de las plántulas; sin embargo la cepa nativa en concentraciones 106 y 108 conidias/mL mostró resultados superiores frente a la cepa comercial. Los resultados sugieren una acción efectiva de <em>T. harzianumem> como promotor de crecimiento vegetal, mostrando que tiene potencial para la elaboración de un bioproducto útil para el manejo ecológico del cultivo de maracuyá.

  13. Efeito do calcário dolomítico e nitrato de potássio no desenvolvimento inicial de mudas da bananeira 'Prata-Anã' (AAB, provenientes de cultura in vitro Efect of dolomiotic limestone and potassium nitrate in the initial development of seedlings of 'Prata-Anã' (AAB banana tree from in vitro culture

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    Jackson de Araújo dos Santos

    2004-04-01

    Full Text Available Avaliou-se o efeito do nitrato de potássio e do calcário dolomítico no desenvolvimento, em viveiro, de mudas da bananeira 'Prata-Anã', provenientes de cultura in vitro. As mudas foram plantadas em sacos de polietileno (32 x 14 cm, contendo o substrato composto de 60% de solo, 20% de casca de arroz e 20% de areia grossa. O experimento foi desenvolvido em viveiro coberto com tela plástica (50% de insolação, adotando-se delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados completos, com 16 tratamentos, 4 repetições e 5 plantas por parcela. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por 4 doses de calcário dolomítico (0; 3; 6 e 9 kg.m³ de substrato combinados com 4 doses de KNO3 (0; 5,1; 10,2 e 20,4 g.planta.aplicação. As aplicações em cobertura, a cada 12 dias, iniciaram-se após 20 dias do transplante, com 200 mL de solução de KNO3 por planta. Aos 95 dias de enviveiramento, observou-se efeito apenas do KNO3, principalmente na altura das mudas, na área foliar e no número de folhas. Nas doses de 5,1 g e 10,2 g de KNO3.planta.aplicação, as mudas atingiram 18,80 cm e 14,71 cm de altura, respectivamente. O diâmetro do pseudocaule das mudas foi superior na dose de 5,1 g de KNO3.planta.aplicação, atingindo 3,44 cm. A área foliar e o número de folhas foram influenciados significativamente pelo KNO3, nas doses de 5,1 g e 10,2 g.planta.aplicação, apresentando 246,03 cm² e 10,34 e 182,14 cm² e 9,36, respectivamente. Não houve efeito do calcário para as características avaliadas.The effect of potassium nitrate and dolomitic limestone in the initial development in nursery of 'Prata-Anã' bananas from in vitro culture was evaluated. The seedlings were planted in polyethylene bags (32 x 14 cm, containing the substrate composed: of 60% of soil, 20% of rice husk and 20% of gross sand. The experiment was developed in a plastic screen-covered nursery (50% of insolation, adopting the complete randomized block experimental design with 16

  14. Effect of β,β-Dimethylacrylshikonin on Inhibition of Human Colorectal Cancer Cell Growth <em>in Vitro em>and <em>in Vivoem>

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    Ting Feng

    2012-07-01

    Full Text Available In traditional Chinese medicine, shikonin and its derivatives, has been used in East Asia for several years for the prevention and treatment of several diseases, including cancer. We previously identified that β,β-dimethylacrylshikonin (DA could inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma growth. In the present study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of DA on human colorectal cancer (CRC cell line HCT-116 <em>in vitroem> and <em>in vivoem>. A viability assay showed that DA could inhibit tumor cell growth in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Flow cytometry showed that DA blocks the cell cycle at G0/G1 phase. Western blotting results demonstrated that the induction of apoptosis by DA correlated with the induction of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax, and Bid, and a decrease in the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl. Furthermore, treatment of HCT-116 bearing nude mice with DA significantly retarded the growth of xenografts. Consistent with the results <em>in vitroem>, the DA-mediated suppression of HCT-116 xenografts correlated with Bax and Bcl-2. Taken together, these results suggest that DA could be a novel and promising approach to the treatment of CRC.

  15. Caracterização de acessos de bananeira com base na concentração de compostos funcionais Characterization of banana accessions with base on functional compounds

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    Edson Perito Amorim

    2011-04-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a concentração de polifenóis totais, flavonóides, vitamina C e carotenóides totais em 61 acessos de banana pertencentes ao Banco Ativo de Germoplasma de bananeira da Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura. Foram detectadas diferenças significativas para todas as características analisadas por meio da análise de variância. A média para os teores de polifenóis totais entre os 61 acessos de banana foi de 38,06mg 100g-1, com variação de 12,51mg 100g-1 para o triplóide 'Torp' a 257,80mg 100g-1 para o tetraplóide 'Teparod'. A média para flavonóides foi de 2,09mg 100g-1, variando de 0,85mg 100g-1 ('Maravilha' AAAB a 6,63mg 100g-1 ('Teparod' ABBB. Para vitamina C, a média foi de 21,60mg 100g-1, variando de 8,60mg 100g-1 (tetraplóide 'Bucaneiro' a 76,82mg 100g-1 (tetraplóide 'Teparod'. A média do teor de carotenóides totais foi de 4,34mg g-1, variando de 1,18mg g-1 ('Champa Madras', triplóide ABB a 19,24mg g-1 ('Saney', triplóide AAB. Os diplóides Modok Gier e NBA-14 apresentaram, respectivamente, quatro e cinco vezes mais carotenóides totais que as cultivares do grupo Cavendish ('Nanica', 'Willians' e 'Lacatan'. Esses resultados permitem concluir sobre a possibilidade da obtenção de cultivares com altos níveis de compostos funcionais por meio de cruzamentos e seleção. Cultivares com este perfil têm potencial como alimento funcional, ajudando a prevenir doenças, por meio da neutralização de radicais livres.The objective of this research was to determine the concentration of polyphenols, flavonols, vitamin C and carotenoid and in 61 banana accessions from Musa germplasm collection from Embrapa Cassava and Fruits, Brazil. Was detected significant differences for all characteristic analyzed in ANOVA. The average for polyphenols among the 61 accessions was of 38.06mg 100g-1, with variation of 12.51mg 100g-1 for the triploid 'Torp' to 257.80mg 100g-1 for the tetraploid 'Teparod'. The average

  16. Enrichment and Purification of Syringin, Eleutheroside E and Isofraxidin from <em>Acanthopanax> <em>senticosus> by Macroporous Resin

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    Yuangang Zu

    2012-07-01

    Full Text Available In order to screen a suitable resin for the preparative simultaneous separation and purification of syringin, eleutheroside E and isofraxidin from <em>Acanthopanax> <em>senticosus>, the adsorption and desorption properties of 17 widely used commercial macroporous resins were evaluated. According to our results, HPD100C, which adsorbs by the molecular tiers model, was the best macroporous resin, offering higher adsorption and desorption capacities and higher adsorption speed for syringin, eleutheroside E and isofraxidin than other resins. Dynamic adsorption and desorption tests were carried out to optimize the process parameters. The optimal conditions were as follows: for adsorption, processing volume: 24 BV, flow rate: 2 BV/h; for desorption, ethanol–water solution: 60:40 (v/v, eluent volume: 4 BV, flow rate: 3 BV/h. Under the above conditions, the contents of syringin, eleutheroside E and isofraxidin increased 174-fold, 20-fold and 5-fold and their recoveries were 80.93%, 93.97% and 93.79%, respectively.

  17. Training for Defense? From Stochastic Traits to Synchrony in Giant Honey Bees (<em>Apis dorsataem>

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    Gerald Kastberger

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available In Giant Honey Bees, abdomen flipping happens in a variety of contexts. It can be either synchronous or cascaded, such as in the collective defense traits of shimmering and rearing-up, or it can happen as single-agent behavior. Abdomen flipping is also involved in flickering behavior, which occurs regularly under quiescent colony state displaying singular or collective traits, with stochastic, and (semi- synchronized properties. It presumably acts via visual, mechanoceptive, and pheromonal pathways and its goals are still unknown. This study questions whether flickering is preliminary to shimmering which is subject of the <em>fs em>(flickering-shimmering-transition> hypothesis? We tested the respective prediction that trigger sites (<em>ts> at the nest surface (where shimmering waves had been generated show higher flickering activity than the alternative non-trigger sites (<em>nts>. We measured the flickering activity of <em>ts>- and <em>nts>-surface bees from two experimental nests, before and after the colony had been aroused by a dummy wasp. Arousal increased rate and intensity of the flickering activity of both <em>ts>- and <em>nts> cohorts (P < 0.05, whereby the flickering intensity of <em>ts>-bees were higher than that of <em>nts>-bees (P < 0.05. Under arousal, the colonies also increased the number of flickering-active <em>ts>- and <em>nts>-cohorts (P < 0.05. This provides evidence that cohorts which are specialist at launching shimmering waves are found across the quiescent nest zone. It also proves that arousal may reinforce the responsiveness of quiescent curtain bees for participating in shimmering, practically by recruiting additional trigger site bees for expanding repetition of rate and intensity of shimmering waves. This finding confirms the <em>fs-transition> hypothesis and constitutes evidence that flickering is part of a basal colony-intrinsic information system

  18. Complete BWR--EM LOCA analysis using the WRAP--EM system

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Beckmeyer, R.R.; Gregory, M.V.; Buckner, M.R.

    1979-01-01

    The Water Reactor Analysis Package, Evaluation Model (WRAP--EM), provides a complete analysis of postulated loss-of-coolant accidents (LOCA's) in light--water nuclear power reactors. The system is being developed at the Savannah River Laboratory (SRL) for use by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) to interpret and evaluate reactor vendor, evaluation model (EM) analyses. The initial version of the WRAP--EM system for analysis of boiling water reactors (BWR's) is operational. To demonstrate the complete capability of the WRAP--BWR--EM system, a LOCA analysis has been performed for the Hope Creek Plant

  19. Supercritical Fluid Extraction of <em>Eucalyptus globulusem> Bark—A Promising Approach for Triterpenoid Production<em>>

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    Carlos M. Silva

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available Eucalyptus bark contains significant amounts of triterpenoids with demonstrated bioactivity, namely triterpenic acids and their acetyl derivatives (ursolic, betulinic, oleanolic, betulonic, 3-acetylursolic, and 3-acetyloleanolic acids. In this work, the supercritical fluid extraction (SFE of <em>Eucalyptus> <em>globulus> deciduous bark was carried out with pure and modified carbon dioxide to recover this fraction, and the results were compared with those obtained by Soxhlet extraction with dichloromethane. The effects of pressure (100–200 bar, co-solvent (ethanol content (0, 5 and 8% wt, and multistep operation were studied in order to evaluate the applicability of SFE for their selective and efficient production. The individual extraction curves of the main families of compounds were measured, and the extracts analyzed by GC-MS. Results pointed out the influence of pressure and the important role played by the co-solvent. Ethanol can be used with advantage, since its effect is more important than increasing pressure by several tens of bar. At 160 bar and 40 °C, the introduction of 8% (wt of ethanol greatly improves the yield of triterpenoids more than threefold.

  20. <em>Helicobacter pyloriem> Disrupts Host Cell Membranes, Initiating a Repair Response and Cell Proliferation

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    Hsueh-Fen Juan

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available <em>Helicobacter pyloriem> (<em>H. pyloriem>, the human stomach pathogen, lives on the inner surface of the stomach and causes chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. Plasma membrane repair response is a matter of life and death for human cells against physical and biological damage. We here test the hypothesis that <em>H. pyloriem> also causes plasma membrane disruption injury, and that not only a membrane repair response but also a cell proliferation response are thereby activated. Vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA and cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA have been considered to be major <em>H. pyloriem> virulence factors. Gastric cancer cells were infected with <em>H. pyloriem> wild type (vacA+/cagA+, single mutant (ΔvacA or ΔcagA or double mutant (ΔvacA/ΔcagA strains and plasma membrane disruption events and consequent activation of membrane repair components monitored. <em>H. pyloriem> disrupts the host cell plasma membrane, allowing localized dye and extracellular Ca2+ influx. Ca2+-triggered members of the annexin family, A1 and A4, translocate, in response to injury, to the plasma membrane, and cell surface expression of an exocytotic maker of repair, LAMP-2, increases. Additional forms of plasma membrane disruption, unrelated to <em>H.> pylori em>exposure, also promote host cell proliferation. We propose that <em>H. pyloriem> activation of a plasma membrane repair is pro-proliferative. This study might therefore provide new insight into potential mechanisms of <em>H. pyloriem>-induced gastric carcinogenesis.

  1. NATURE AND LAW IN THE <em>INSTITUTAS> OF GAIO NATUREZA E DIREITO NAS <em>INSTITUTAS> DE GAIO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alfredo Carlos Storck

    2011-09-01

    Full Text Available

    In a very famous passage of his <em>Institutes>, the ancient jurist Gaius had divided the Roman Private Law in two parts: the Civil Law and the Law of People. The former is the Law created by the Roman people, whereas the latter is the Law followed by every nation.

    Despite its classical origin, there is some disagreement among specialists about the right way to interpret this distinction. By the beginning of the 20th century, historians like Michel Villey had seen in this distinction the influence of Greek philosophy (Stoic but even Aristotelian among the Roman jurists. But Levy and more recently Kelly have challenged this view and proposed that, in the roman period, philosophers and jurists had completely distinct notions of nature and natural law. The aim of this paper is not to prove the exact influence of Greek philosophy among jurists, but only to suggest that it is not possible to give an interpretation of the classical texts without ascribing to them a theoretical notion of the natural law.

    Em uma famosa passagem de suas <em>Institutas>, o jurista romano Gaio dividiu o direito privado em duas partes: o direito civil e o direito dos povos. O primeiro é o direito criado pelo povo romano enquanto o segundo é o direito seguido por todas as nações. A despeito de sua origem clássica, os especialistas discordam acerca do modo de interpretar essa tese. No início do século XX, historiadores como Michel Villey viram na distinção sinais da influência da filosofia grega (estóica e mesmo aristotélica entre os juristas romanos. Posteriormente Levy e mais recentemente Kelly contestaram essa afirmação e defenderam que filósofos e juristas possuíam, no período clássico, noções de natureza e direito natural completamente distintas. O objetivo desse artigo não está em provar a exata influência da filosofia grega entre os juristas, mas apenas em sugerir que não é possível fornecer uma interpretação dos

  2. Local feeding specialization of the red fox (<em>Vulpes vulpesem> in response to eastern cottontail (<em>Sylvilagus floridanusem> introduction (NW Italy

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    Alessandro Balestrieri

    2006-03-01

    Full Text Available Abstract To appreciate the influence of the introduction of the Eastern cottontail (<em>Sylvilagus floridanusem> on the food habits of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes, between June 1998 and February 2000 fox diet was investigated by means of scat analysis (N=115 in a 250 ha wide Natural Reserve of NW Italy, and compared with data collected in the same area prior to cottontail colonization (1988-1989. Comparison included also the diet of badgers (<em>Meles melesem>, considered as potential competitors for food resources. Alien lagomorphs (mean percent volume, Vm% = 68% represented by far the most exploited resource, only three other food items reaching values of mean percent volume barely higher than 5%. Cottontails frequency of occurrence did not vary according either to season or to their reproductive cycle (II-IX vs. X-I, whilst diet niche breadth varied inversely proportional to the use of this key-resource. Overall fox trophic niche breadth varied from 0.64 in 1988-89 to 0.31 in 1998-00 (B, Levin’s index. These findings led us to consider the feeding habits of the fox in the study area as a result of local specialization of a typical generalist carnivore, according to the predictions of optimal foraging theory. No variation occurred in the badger niche breadth since cottontail introduction, whilst niche overlap between foxes and badgers decreased from 0.59 to 0.13 (O, Pianka’s index, possibly reducing competition for food in summer. Riassunto Specializzazione alimentare a livello locale della Volpe <em>Vulpes vulpesem> in risposta all’introduzione del Silvilago <em>Sylvilagus floridanusem> (Italia nord occidentale. Per valutare gli effetti dell’introduzione del Silvilago (<em>Sylvilagus floridanusem> sul comportamento alimentare della volpe (<em>Vulpes vulpesem>, nel periodo giugno 1998-febbraio 2000, la dieta del carnivoro è stata definita tramite l’analisi di 115

  3. Efeito da qualidade da água de irrigação sobre os atributos físicos de um neossolo flúvico do Município de Quixeré, CE - Brasil

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    Raimundo Nonato de Assis Júnior

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available A qualidade da água usada na irrigação é um fator decisivo para a produtividade dos cultivos e para a qualidade do solo no semiárido brasileiro. Foram avaliados os efeitos das concentrações salinas da água de duas fontes distintas (rio e poço raso sobre os atributos físicos: argila dispersa em água, grau de floculação, densidade e porosidade do solo, estabilidade e diâmetro médio ponderado de agregados estáveis em água de um Neossolo Flúvico Ta eutrófico, cultivado com a bananeira Musa sp. cv. Pacovan, durante os anos 2000/2001. A densidade do solo, a argila dispersa em água e o grau de floculação mostraram-se sensíveis aos incrementos de sais no solo irrigado com água da fonte poço. Os movimentos de contração e expansão do solo estudado, muito provavelmente, influenciaram as variações observadas na macroporosidade e estabilidade de agregados, pois as concentrações salinas das águas das duas fontes não foram suficientemente altas para alterar esses atributos físicos. O curto espaço de tempo em que o solo foi submetido à ação de agentes salinizadores pode ter diminuído e, ou, mascarado os efeitos dos sais sobre os processos de floculação e dispersão.

  4. Metabolic Profiling of <em>Lactococcus lactisem> Under Different Culture Conditions

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    Normah Mohd Noor

    2012-07-01

    Full Text Available Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS and headspace gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS/GC-MS were used to study metabolites produced by <em>Lactococcus lactisem> subsp. <em>cremoris> MG1363 grown at a temperature of 30 °C with and without agitation at 150 rpm, and at 37 °C without agitation. It was observed that <em>L. lactisem> produced more organic acids under agitation. Primary alcohols, aldehydes, ketones and polyols were identified as the corresponding trimethylsilyl (TMS derivatives, whereas amino acids and organic acids, including fatty acids, were detected through methyl chloroformate derivatization. HS analysis indicated that branched-chain methyl aldehydes, including 2-methylbutanal, 3-methylbutanal, and 2-methylpropanal are degdradation products of isoleucine, leucine or valine. Multivariate analysis (MVA using partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA revealed the major differences between treatments were due to changes of amino acids and fermentation products.

  5. Matérias estranhas em canela em pó e páprica em pó, comercializadas no estado de São Paulo

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    CORREIA Marlene

    2000-01-01

    Full Text Available Com objetivos de padronizar metodologias para matérias estranhas em canela em pó e páprica em pó e de avaliar as condições higiênicas desses condimentos, foram adquiridas, no período de agosto a novembro de 1998, 78 amostras de canela em pó e 56 de páprica em pó, em estabelecimentos comerciais de seis cidades do Estado de São Paulo. Foram utilizados métodos da Association of Official Analytical Chemists International (AOAC - 1995, 16.14.12/968.38b para canela em pó e 16.14.22/977.25B para páprica em pó. Os métodos mostraram-se adequados, sem resíduos interferentes no papel de filtro que dificultasse o diagnóstico da análise e viáveis de serem utilizados nos laboratórios de Microscopia de Alimentos. Os resultados obtidos indicaram 100% das amostras contendo fragmentos de insetos; pêlos de roedor foram isolados em 73,1% de amostras de canela em pó e 34,0% de páprica em pó, enquanto ácaros mortos apareceram, respectivamente, em 37,2% e 12,5% de amostras. É necessário revisão da legislação de alimentos em vigor, com o estabelecimento de níveis de tolerância para fragmentos de insetos.

  6. Identification of <em>Colletotrichum> species causing anthracnose on Tahiti lime, tree tomato and mango

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    Martínez Erika P.

    2009-08-01

    Full Text Available

    In Colombia, citrus, tree tomato and mango crops are likely to suffer considerable losses from anthracnose caused by several <em>Colletotrichum> species, which were identified by the present study on infected organs of the three fruit crops, sampled in different regions of the country. Identification was based on their morphological and molecular characteristics, as well as on fungicide (benomyl and copper hydroxide sensitivity and pathogenicity tests. The latter assessed infectivity on both the original hosting crop and the other two crops (crossed infection, by putting the fungi in contact with organs taken from the three fruit crops. Molecular identification of the <em>Colletotrichum> species was carried out through amplification of rDNA ITS regions by means of <em>C. gloeosporioidesem> (CgInt and <em>C. acutatumem> (CaInt2 specific primer PCR combining the use of ITS4 universal primer. The results indicate that <em>C. acutatumem> is the infectious agent in Tahiti lime and tree tomato, and so is <em>C. gloeosporioidesem> in mango. Although <em>C. acutatumem> is the infectious agent in two diferent fruit species, the strains proved to be specific of their original hosts.

  7. Isolamento de micobactérias em Felis concolor em cativeiro

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    María Julia Traversa

    2009-02-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho foi realizado em uma reserva natural da Argentina com antecedentes de tuberculose em uma suçuarana adulta. O objetivo foi identificar por meio de técnicas bacteriológicas e de biologia molecular as espécies isoladas da orofaringe de cinco suçuaranas que apresentavam sinais clínicos inespecíficos. As amostras foram colhidas das suçuaranas após sedação. Posteriormente foram processadas para obtenção do isolamento e identificação por meio de provas bioquímicas do gênero Mycobacterium pela técnica de PCR. Investigou-se a presença das seqüências de inserção IS6110 e IS1081 e hsp65. Obtiveram-se resultados positivos à coloração de Ziehl-Neelsen de quatro amostras, isolando cinco cepas de crescimento lento. As cepas foram classificadas como M. gordonae em dois casos e M. simiae, M scrofulaceum e M. avium/intracellulare em um. Por PRA, identificou-se o padrão de M. gordonae em três cepas e M. avium III ou M. simiae em dois.

  8. Marketing em moda

    OpenAIRE

    Leães, Sabrina Durgante

    2008-01-01

    Dissertação de mestrado em Design e Marketing O actual estado do Marketing em Moda é uma das questões ainda complexa com que se debate a sociedade global. As questões do Marketing em Moda percorrem alguns aspectos fundamentais tais como as constantes mutações do meio envolvente, a forma de como é percebida e comunicada a identidade das marcas de moda, em busca da melhor forma de segmentar o mercado e definir o seu posicionamento, bem como a reacção ao produto de moda do consumidor final. ...

  9. Synthesis and Antibacterial Evaluation of New <em>N>-acylhydrazone Derivatives from Dehydroabietic Acid

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    Wen Gu

    2012-04-01

    Full Text Available A series of new <em>N>-acylhydrazone derivatives were synthesized in good yields through the reactions of dehydroabietic acid hydrazide with a variety of substituted arylaldehydes. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by IR, 1H- and 13C-NMR, ESI-MS, elemental analysis and single crystal X-ray diffraction. From the crystal structure of compound 4l, the C=N double bonds of these <em>N>-acylhydrazones showed (<em>E>-configuration, while the NMR data of compounds 4aq indicated the existence of two rotamers for each compound in solution. The target compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial activities against four microbial strains. The result suggested that several compounds exhibited pronounced antibacterial activities. Particularly, compound 4p exhibited good antibacterial activity against <em>Staphylococcus aureusem> and <em>Bacillus subtilisem> comparable to positive control. The possible antibacterial metabolism and the strategy for further optimization of this compound were also discussed.

  10. Influência de diferentes níveis de desfolha na produção e qualidade dos frutos da bananeira 'Prata-Anã' Influence of different defoliation levels on the production and quality of 'Prata-Anã' banana fruits

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Geralda Vilela Rodrigues

    2009-09-01

    Full Text Available A desfolha da bananeira, de forma técnica, é uma prática agrícola que deve ser realizada periodicamente, objetivando eliminar aquelas cuja atividade fotossintética não atenda às exigências fisiológicas da planta, trazendo, entre outras vantagens, facilitar o controle de doenças. No caso das manchas das sigatokas, a eliminação de folhas atacadas é uma importante ferramenta auxiliar de seu controle, por reduzir a fonte de inóculo secundário, contudo deve ser feita com critério para não provocar danos mais graves que os causados pela própria doença. Sabe-se que as bananeiras do subgrupo Cavendish necessitam de, no mínimo, 11 e 8 folhas inteiras no momento da floração e da colheita, respectivamente, para produzir os fotoassimilados necessários para o adequado desenvolvimento do cacho, porém para bananeiras 'Prata-Anã' desconhece-se esse valor. Para evitar equívocos no manejo da 'Prata-Anã', avaliou-se por cinco ciclos produtivos consecutivos, o efeito de diferentes níveis de desfolha sobre a produção, definindo melhor relação nível de desfolha/ produção. Os tratamentos consistiram na manutenção de 4; 6; 8; 10; 12 e 14 folhas por planta, além da testemunha (onde se retiraram apenas as folhas secas e quebradas. A massa dos cachos foi maior nas plantas mantidas com um mínimo de 12 folhas, assim como a maioria das características relacionadas à produção. Um adequado número de pencas e de frutos, assim como a maioria das características das pencas, ocorreu quando pelo menos 10 folhas permaneceram por planta. As desfolhas mais acentuadas, deixando-se apenas 4; 6; 8 ou 10 folhas por planta, ao diminuir folhas velhas infestadas com doenças, principalmente sigatoka, permitiram maior preservação das folhas remanescentes nas plantas. Quando não se fez desfolha ou se deixou 12 ou 14 folhas por planta, verificou-se maior desfolha natural (redução no número de folhas sem que essas tenham sido retiradas

  11. Profundidade do solo e micro-relevo em bananais irrigados: impactos na nutrição mineral e potencial produtivo Soil depth and microrelief in irrigated banana plantation: impacts on mineral nutrition and yield potential

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mirian Cristina Gomes Costa

    2011-09-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar o papel da profundidade do solo e da microtopografia em aspectos nutricionais e produtivos de bananais irrigados. O estudo foi conduzido na Chapada do Apodi (CE, em área com variações na profundidade do solo. Os tratamentos foram sítios (locais em diferentes classes de micro-relevo (côncavo, convexo e retilíneo que abrangeram quatro profundidades de solo: A 0,92 m; B 0,77 m; C 0,65 m; D 0,52 m. Foram avaliados: altura da planta mãe (APM, altura da planta filha (APF, diâmetro do pseudocaule da planta mãe (DPPM, massa de folhas frescas (MFF e secas (MFS, teores de fósforo (P, potássio (K, cálcio (Ca, enxofre (S e sódio (Na no tecido vegetal e massa dos cachos. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com sete repetições para avaliações de crescimento e cinco repetições para avaliações referentes à massa de folhas, estado nutricional e produção. A análise estatística foi feita pela ANOVA e DMS a 5% de significância. APM e DPPM foram maiores em A e C, enquanto que menores médias ocorreram no solo mais raso (D. MFF e MFS foram superiores em A e D que também apresentaram maior acúmulo de nutrientes nas folhas. Entretanto, maiores teores foliares e níveis adequados de P ocorreram em A, que também apresentou maior massa de cachos em relação aos solos mais rasos. Isto mostra que a profundidade efetiva do solo e o micro-relevo influenciam a absorção de nutrientes, o crescimento e o potencial produtivo de bananeiras irrigadas na Chapada do Apodi.The aim of this research was to verify whether soil depth affects aspects of mineral nutrition and yield potential of irrigated banana plantations. The study was carried out at Apodi Plateau (CE, Brazil, in an area characterized by soil depth variations. The treatments were sites in different microrelief classes (concave, convex and retilinea with four different soil depths: A 0.92 m; B 0.77 m; C 0.6 5m; D 0.52 m. The

  12. Infracommunities of intestinal helminths of the Red Fox <em>Vulpes vulpesem> (Linnaeus, 1758 from Italian Alps

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    Anna Rita Di Cerbo

    2003-10-01

    Full Text Available <em>Vulpes vulpesem> (Linnaeus, 1758 is one of the most common carnivore in Italy and its spread includes almost the whole national territory. The species shows an high ecological plasticity and a variable diet composition connected in part to human sources. This high adaptability permits the red foxes to colonize different habitats like the suburbs of large cities as well as the small villages located in mountain areas. On the other hand, the tourism pressure seems to assume a great importance in the Alps, also in those areas where the foxes live. So, indirect interactions could take place between these animals and the humans. The role of <em>V. vulpesem> in the zoonoses has not to be understated since this carnivore could transmit parasitic diseases that are able to cause serious pathologies in humans. This study aims just to investigate on intestinal communities of helmiths of <em>V. vulpesem> in order to make progress in current knowledge on epidemiological situation in Italian Alps. During 1998-2003, we have examined 450 foxes from Trentino Alto Adige, Veneto, Lombardia and Valle d'Aosta. The specimens collected were found dead or have been hunted (according to national law n. 157/92 in localities situated between 170 and 2200 m a.s.l. The carcasses were carried to the provincial sections of Zooprofilattici Institutes, where the intestine was drawn by each sample and all the material was sent to the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Milan. Parasitological examination of the small intestines was performed by the analysis of the whole sediment and counting technique (SCT. Parasites were preserved in alcohol 70° before to be clarified or stained and identified by microscope (Zeiss Axioscop. Mean abundance, mean intensity and prevalence were calculated for each taxon of helminth. Dates of sampling were grouped within the four seasons. Statistic tests were performed with software package SPSS rel. 11.5 and spatial analysis with the

  13. Enzymatic Properties and Mutational Studies of Chalcone Synthase from <em>Physcomitrella patensem>

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    Mahiran Basri

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available <em>Pp>CHS is a member of the type III polyketide synthase family and catalyses the synthesis of the flavonoid precursor naringenin chalcone from <em>p>-coumaroyl-CoA. Recent research reports the production of pyrone derivatives using either hexanoyl-CoA or butyryl-CoA as starter molecule. The Cys-His-Asn catalytic triad found in other plant chalcone synthase predicted polypeptides is conserved in <em>Pp>CHS. Site directed mutagenesis involving these amino acids residing in the active-site cavity revealed that the cavity volume of the active-site plays a significant role in the selection of starter molecules as well as product formation. Substitutions of Cys 170 with Arg and Ser amino acids decreased the ability of the <em>Pp>CHS to utilize hexanoyl-CoA as a starter molecule, which directly effected the production of pyrone derivatives (products. These substitutions are believed to have a restricted number of elongations of the growing polypeptide chain due to the smaller cavity volume of the mutant’s active site.

  14. Maternal Cytomegalovirus-Specific Immune Responses and Symptomatic Postnatal Cytomegalovirus Transmission in Very Low-Birth-Weight Preterm Infants

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ehlinger, Elizabeth P.; Webster, Emily M.; Kang, Helen H.; Cangialose, Aislyn; Simmons, Adam C.; Barbas, Kimberly H.; Burchett, Sandra K.; Gregory, Mary L.; Puopolo, Karen P.

    2011-01-01

    Introduction. Transmission of cytomegalovirus (CMV) via breast milk can lead to severe acute illness in very low-birth-weight (VLBW) preterm infants. Although the majority of CMV-seropositive women shed CMV in milk, symptomatic postnatal infection of VLBW infants occurs infrequently, suggesting that virologic or immunologic factors in milk may be associated with the risk and severity of postnatal CMV infection. Methods. We investigated the magnitude of CMV-specific cellular and humoral immune responses in milk of 30 seropositive mothers of VLWB preterm infants and assessed their relationship to milk CMV load and symptomatic CMV transmission. Results. Milk immunoglobulin G (IgG) avidity was inversely correlated to milk CMV load (r = −0.47; P = .009). However, milk CMV load and CMV-specific cellular and humoral immune responses were similar in mothers of VLBW infants with and those without symptomatic postnatal CMV infection. Conclusions. Similar immunologic parameters in milk of CMV-seropositive mothers of VLBW infants with and without symptomatic postnatal CMV infection indicate that screening milk by these parameters may not predict disease risk. However, the inverse correlation between milk CMV IgG avidity and CMV load may suggest that enhancement of maternal CMV-specific IgG responses could aid in reduction of CMV shedding into breast milk. PMID:21984738

  15. Accumulation, Biotransformation, Histopathology and Paralysis in the Pacific Calico Scallop <em>Argopecten ventricosusem> by the Paralyzing Toxins of the Dinoflagellate <em>Gymnodinium catenatumem>

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    Rosalba Alonso-Rodriguez

    2012-05-01

    Full Text Available The dinoflagellate <em>Gymnodinium catenatumem> produces paralyzing shellfish poisons that are consumed and accumulated by bivalves. We performed short-term feeding experiments to examine ingestion, accumulation, biotransformation, histopathology, and paralysis in the juvenile Pacific calico scallop <em>Argopecten ventricosusem> that consume this dinoflagellate. Depletion of algal cells was measured in closed systems. Histopathological preparations were microscopically analyzed. Paralysis was observed and the time of recovery recorded. Accumulation and possible biotransformation of toxins were measured by HPLC analysis. Feeding activity in treated scallops showed that scallops produced pseudofeces, ingestion rates decreased at 8 h; approximately 60% of the scallops were paralyzed and melanin production and hemocyte aggregation were observed in several tissues at 15 h. HPLC analysis showed that the only toxins present in the dinoflagellates and scallops were the <em>N>-sulfo-carbamoyl toxins (C1, C2; after hydrolysis, the carbamate toxins (epimers GTX2/3 were present. C1 and C2 toxins were most common in the mantle, followed by the digestive gland and stomach-complex, adductor muscle, kidney and rectum group, and finally, gills. Toxin profiles in scallop tissue were similar to the dinoflagellate; biotransformations were not present in the scallops in this short-term feeding experiment.

  16. Identification of Volatile Components of Liverwort (<em>Porella cordaeanaem> Extracts Using GC/MS-SPME and Their Antimicrobial Activity

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    Maria Elisabetta Guerzoni

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available Chemical constituents of liverwort (<em>Porella cordaeanaem> extracts have been identified using solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography mass spectrometry (SPME-GC/MS. The methanol, ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts were rich in terpenoids such as sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (53.12%, 51.68%, 23.16%, and monoterpene hydrocarbons (22.83%, 18.90%, 23.36%, respectively. The dominant compounds in the extracts were β-phellandrene (15.54%, 13.66%, 12.10% and β-caryophyllene (10.72%, 8.29%, 7.79%, respectively. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was evaluated against eleven food microorganisms using the microdilution and disc diffusion methods. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC varied from 0.50 to 2.00 mg/mL for yeast strains (<em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae 635em>, <em>Zygosacharomyces bailii 45em>, <em>Aerobasidium pullulans L6Fem>, <em>Pichia membranaefaciens OC 71em>, <em>Pichia membranaefaciens OC 70em>, <em>Pichia anomalaem> <em>CBS 5759em>, <em>Pichia anomala DBVPG 3003em> and<em> em>>Yarrowia lipolytica RO13em>, and from 1.00 to 3.00 mg/mL for bacterial strains<em> em>(Salmonella> <em>enteritidis 155em>, <em>Escherichia coli 555em> and <em>Listeria monocytogenes 56Lyem>. Methanol extract showed better activity in comparison with ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts. High percentages of monoterpene and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons could be responsible for the better antimicrobial activity.

  17. EM International. Volume 1

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    1993-07-01

    It is the intent of EM International to describe the Office of Environmental Restoration and Waste Management`s (EM`s) various roles and responsibilities within the international community. Cooperative agreements and programs, descriptions of projects and technologies, and synopses of visits to international sites are all highlighted in this semiannual journal. Focus on EM programs in this issue is on international collaboration in vitrification projects. Technology highlights covers: in situ sealing for contaminated sites; and remote sensors for toxic pollutants. Section on profiles of countries includes: Arctic contamination by the former Soviet Union, and EM activities with Germany--cooperative arrangements.

  18. Home range dynamics of mountain hare (<em>Lepus timidusem> in the Swiss Alps

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Anne-Sophie Genini-Gamboni

    2009-02-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Little is known on the ecology and behaviour of alpine mountain hare (<em>Lepus timidusem>. Between 1996 and 1997 we analysed by radiotracking the pattern of space use of 8 mountain hares from the Swiss Alps. We estimated home range size using both the kernel density estimator and the minimum convex polygon. We found smaller ranges (38 ha compared to those reported for the species in boreal or arctic habitats, but similar to ranges in Scotland. Hares did not use a centre of major activity (core area and showed high home range overlap, confirming their non-territorial behaviour. Smaller ranges were used during winter compared to the other seasons, whilst no difference in size was found between sexes. Riassunto Dinamica dell'uso dello spazio della lepre bianca (<em>Lepus timidusem> nelle Alpi Svizzere Le informazioni relative all'ecologia e al comportamento della lepre alpina (<em>Lepus timidusem> sono ad oggi scarse. In questo studio abbiamo analizzato l'utilizzo dello spazio di una popolazione di lepre bianca sulle Alpi Svizzere. Tra il 1996 e il 1997 sono stati marcati con redio collare 8 individui di lepre alpina. L'<em>home rangeem> è stato calcolato utilizzando lo stimatore di densità kernel (KDE ed il metodo del minimo poligono convesso (MCP. L'ampiezza degli <em>home rangeem> (38 ha è risultata inferiore a quella riportata per la specie in habitat boreali ed artici. ma simile a quella riscontrata in Scozia. All'interno dell <em>home rangeem> non è stato rilevato alcun centro di maggiore attività (<em>core areaem> ed è stata evidenziata una notevole sovrapposizione tra gli stessi, confermando la non territorialità della specie. Le aree frequentate in inverno sono risultate più piccole rispetto alle altre stagioni e non sono state riscontrate differenze tra i sessi.

  19. <em>Botulinum Neurotoxinem> A Injections Influence Stretching of the Gastrocnemius Muscle-Tendon Unit in an Animal Model

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Christopher J. Tuohy

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available <em>Botulinum Neurotoxinem> A (BoNT-A injections have been used for the treatment of muscle contractures and spasticity. This study assessed the influence of (BoNT-A injections on passive biomechanical properties of the muscle-tendon unit. Mouse gastrocnemius muscle (GC was injected with BoNT-A (<em>n> = 18 or normal saline (<em>n> = 18 and passive, non-destructive, <em>in vivoem> load relaxation experimentation was performed to examine how the muscle-tendon unit behaves after chemical denervation with BoNT-A. Injection of BoNT-A impaired passive muscle recovery (15% <em>vs.> 35% recovery to pre-stretching baseline, <em>p> < 0.05 and decreased GC stiffness (0.531 ± 0.061 N/mm <em>vs.> 0.780 ± 0.037 N/mm, <em>p> < 0.05 compared to saline controls. The successful use of BoNT-A injections as an adjunct to physical therapy may be in part attributed to the disruption of the stretch reflex; thereby modulating <em>in vivoem> passive muscle properties. However, it is also possible that BoNT-A injection may alter the structure of skeletal muscle; thus modulating the <em>in vivoem> passive biomechanical properties of the muscle-tendon unit.

  20. Seasonal changes of trophic niche overlap in the stone marten (<em>Martes foinaem> and the red fox (<em>Vulpes vulpesem> in a mountainous area of the Northern Apennines (N-Italy

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    Anna Brangi

    1995-12-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Between 1989 and 1991, 284 scats of stone marten (<em>Martes foinaem> and 642 scats of red fox (<em>Vulpes vulpesem> were collected in a 280 km² mountainous area in the northern Apennines. The scats were analyzed to identify differences between the two species' diets. The prey were grouped in 6 food categories: Fruits, Other Vegetables, Small Mammals, Other Vertebrates, Invertebrates and Garbage. Annual trophic niche was wider in the Red fox (0.62 than in the stone marten (0.53. We also found a large overlap between the two species with some small differences: Other Vertebrates, Small Mammals and Other Vegetables were more used by the Red fox, while Fruits were more used by the stone marten. Riassunto Variazioni stagionali della sovrapposizione di nicchia trofica della faina (<em>Martes foinaem> e della volpe (<em>Vulpes vulpesem> in un'area montana degli Appennini settentrionali - Tra il 1989 e il 1991 sono state raccolte 284 feci di faina (<em>Martes foinaem> e 642 feci di volpe (<em>Vulpes vulpesem> in un'area montuosa di 280 km² situata nell'Appennino settentrionale. Le feci sono state analizzate per evidenziare le eventuali differenze nella dieta delle due specie. Le singole prede sono state raggruppate in 6 categorie alimentari: Frutta, Altri Vegetali, Micromammiferi, Altri Vertebrati, Invertebrati, Rifiuti. L'ampiezza annuale della dieta è risultata maggiore nella Volpe (0,62 che non nella Faina (0,53. È stata trovata inoltre una larga sovrapposizione tra le due specie con alcune differenze nell'uso degli Altri Vertebrati, dei Micromammiferi e degli Altri Vegetali che è maggiore nella Volpe e della Frutta, maggiore nella Faina.

  1. Biología y ciclo reproductivo de <em>Apanteles gelechiidivorisem> (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, parasitoide de <em>Tuta absolutaem> (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bajonero Johanna

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available

    <em>Apanteles gelechiidivorisem> es un parasitoide de larvas de <em>Tuta absolutaem> (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae, una plaga importante de cultivos como el tomate y la papa. El uso de este insecto para el control biológico no se ha implementado eficientemente debido a la falta de conocimiento de la biología, específicamente del ciclo de vida y el efecto de factores externos, como la temperatura, en su capacidad parasítica. Se evaluó el desarrollo y la capacidad reproductiva de <em>A. gelechiidivorisem> en cuatro condiciones térmicas: 14, 20, 26 y 32 °C. En la evaluación del desarrollo se realizó una descripción del ciclo, se determinó la duración total de este, se estimaron los umbrales térmicos para cada estadio utilizando el modelo de Lactin y se hallaron los grados día. En la evaluación de la capacidad reproductiva se variaron las densidades del hospedero ofrecidas a una pareja recién emergida de la avispa de 5 hasta 160 y se contó el número de adultos emergidos con los cuales se evaluó longevidad y fecundidad. Adicionalmente se ajustó un modelo de respuesta funcional. La duración del ciclo de vida para las temperaturas evaluadas fue de 39 días en 14 °C, 34 en 20 °C, 19 en 26 °C y 17 en 32 °C. La longevidad fue de 7,5 (14 °C, 7 (20 °C, 5 (26 °C y 2,4 (32 °C días. La temperatura a la cual se pueden optimizar los parámetros reproductivos de esta avispa se encuentra entre 20 y 26 °C.

  2. Feeding habits of the genet <em>Genetta genettaem> in an Iberian continental wetland

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    Maite Sánchez

    2009-02-01

    Full Text Available Abstract This study quantified the diet of the genet <em>Genetta genettaem> in an Iberian continental wetland, the Galachos Nature Reserve, northern Spain, based on the frequency with which items appeared in five monthly-surveyed latrines during 2004-2005. Prey types were identified <em>de visuem> using identification keys and expert advice. the genet was confirmed as an opportunistic and generalist predator, its diet including mammals (95.0%, plants (68.3% and arthropods (60.0% as main prey. With the exception of a newly available prey species, the alien crayfish <em>Procambarus clarkiiem>, the genet probably consumed arthropods because of chance encounters rather than active search. The consumption of fruits and small mammals varied seasonally. Riassunto Alimentazione della genetta <em>Genetta genettaem> in un'area umida continentale della penisola iberica La dieta della genetta è stata investigata in un'area umida interna della Spagna settentrionale, la riserva Naturale dei Galachos. La frequenza di ciascuna categoria alimentare è stata espressa come numero di occorrenze mansili in cinque latrine monitorate per il periodo 2004-2005. Le categorie sono state identificate <em>de visuem> tramite chiavi per il riconoscimento o l'intervento di singoli esperti. I risultati confermano il comportamento alimentare generalista e opportunista della genetta. La dieta ha incluso principalmente mammiferi (95%, vegetali (68.3% e artropodi (60%. Questi ultimi, con l'eccezione del gambero <em>Procambarus clarkiiem>, introdotto e di recente presenza, sono probabilmente utilizzati in modo opportunistico, piuttosto che in seguito a ricerca attiva. L'uso dei frutti e dei micromammiferi varia stagionalmente.

  3. İmmunkompetan Bir Ce rrahta Gelişen Akut Cytomegalovi rus Hepatiti

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Esra Tanyel

    2018-03-01

    Full Text Available Cytomegalovirus (CMV infection in theimmunocompetentindividual is asymptomaticormanifested as a mononucleosis-likesyndrome, and severe organ damage is rarelyreported.CMV is transmittedthroughblood, body fluids, sexualandplacental transfer, andtransplantedorgans.Here, wedescribe a previouslyhealthymalepatient of acute CMV hepatitis in whomthediagnosiswasestablishedbypolymerasechainreaction (PCR CMV-DNA. A 28-year-old malesurgeonwasadmittedtoouroutpatientclinicwithcomplaints of feverforthreeweeks. Uponadmissionthepatientpresented body temperaturewas 380C andphysicalexaminationrevealed normal findingsotherthanhepatomegaly.Laboratorydatarevealed a slightlyincreasedwhitebloodcell (10000/mm3withatypicallymphocytes(>10% in peripheralbloodsmear. His liverenzymeconcentrationswereelevatedandan extensiveserologicalscreeningto identify anyviralcause of hepatitis.TheCMV IgMwaspositive, andIgGwasnegative. PCR of his bloodwaselevatedforCMV DNA(1150 copies/mL; normal range<150copies/mL.Treatmentwithganciclovirwasinitiated, afterwhich his liverfunctionbegantoimproveand her general conditionrecovered.Intheliterature, severalimmunocompetentcaseswith CMV hepatitishavebeenreported. Inaddition, patientsmaydevelopcholestatichepatitis, granulomatoushepatitis, orfulminanthepaticfailurerequiringlivertransplantationdueto CMV infection. Viralculture, serology, CMV antigenemia, histopathologicalexamination, and PCR can be used in thediagnosis of CMV infections. Anti-CMV immunoglobulinshavelowspecificityandsensitivityduringacuteinfection. Thegoldstandard in thediagnosis is CMV-DNA levelmeasured in thebloodusing PCR, andquantitativemeasurement is particularlyimportantforfollow-up. Thepresentcasereport is noteworthyforreminding CMV as an etiologicalfactorforclinicalpresentationwithfever, hepatomegaly, andelevatedliverenzymes, whenotherfactorsareexcluded.

  4. Roost selection by barbastelle bats (<em>Barbastella barbastellusem>, Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae in beech woodlands of central Italy

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    Danilo Russo

    2003-10-01

    Full Text Available The barbastelle bat, <em>Barbastella barbastellusem> (Schreber, 1774 is a medium-sized, tree-dwelling vespertilionid classified as ?Endangered? in Italy; in western Europe it may be one of the rarest bat species. <em>B. barbastellusem> shows roosting preferences that should be regarded as a key point in conservation protocols. We examined roost selection in a breeding population of <em>B. barbastellusem> from the Abruzzo Lazio and Molise National Park (central Italy at three levels: woodland structure and management type; tree characteristics; and cavity characteristics. In 2001-2002, we fitted 31 adult <em>B. barbastellusem> (29 lactating females, one pregnant female and one male with 0.48g radio-tags and tracked them to their roost-trees. The bats were tracked for 4.5 ± 3.7 days (range: 0-12 days. We located 33 roosts used by 25 subjects (1.8±1.2 roosts/bat, range 1-5. The bats switched roosts frequently: 13 bats used more than one tree over the study period. A chi-square analysis showed that the roosts were not distributed at random across woodland categories: unmanaged woodland was positively selected, whereas shelterwood-harvested woodland was used in proportion to its availability, and ?pastures+scattered trees? was avoided. Twenty out of 33 roost trees were dead <em>Fagus sylvaticaem> trees; conversely, living <em>F. sylvaticaem> dominated in a tree sample obtained at random; dead trees were used more than expected (Χ² test, <em>P> <0.001. Overall, roost trees were significantly taller and had a larger diameter at breast?s height and more cavities than random trees; they also had a lower percent canopy closure than random trees. To highlight which variables were actually associated with selection, we devised a logistic regression model. The full model was significant (<em>P> <0.001; removal of tree type and tree height affected the model significantly, but the other variables did not produce detectable effects. The

  5. Synthesis and Sensory Evaluation of <em>ent>-Kaurane Diterpene Glycosides

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    Venkata Sai Prakash Chaturvedula

    2012-07-01

    Full Text Available Catalytic hydrogenation of the three <em>ent>-kaurane diterpene glycosides isolated from <em>Stevia rebaudianaem>, namely rubusoside, stevioside, and rebaudioside-A has been carried out using Pd(OH2 and their corresponding dihydro derivatives have been isolated as the products. Synthesis of reduced steviol glycosides was performed using straightforward chemistry and their structures were characterized on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR spectral data and chemical studies. Also, we report herewith the sensory evaluation of all the reduced compounds against their corresponding original steviol glycosides and sucrose for the sweetness property of these molecules.

  6. Ploidia de DNA em astrocitomas: estudo em 66 pacientes brasileiros

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    KRUTMAN-ZVEIBIL DEBORAH

    1999-01-01

    Full Text Available A determinação do conteúdo de DNA nuclear (fração de fase S e ploidia de DNA foi realizada por meio de análise de imagem em 66 astrocitomas, a partir de material fixado em formalina e seccionado em cortes de 5 micrômetros corados pela técnica de Feulgen. Nossos resultados mostraram forte relação entre a idade do paciente, grau histológico e sobrevida , com a ploidia de DNA e o percentual de células em fase de síntese. A análise da atividade proliferativa de astrocitomas intracranianos é a nosso ver muito útil no entendimento do comportamento biológico , do prognóstico e para o planejamento terapêutico dessas lesões.

  7. Monitores de diagnóstico em Mamografia : (Os 5MP em Portugal)

    OpenAIRE

    Timóteo, Maria Teresa

    2012-01-01

    O carcinoma da mama é o mais comum nas mulheres, em Portugal morrem cerca de 1500 mulheres por ano devido a esta patologia. Serviu o presente estudo para investigar se os Hospitais da Região de Lisboa e Vale do Tejo estão equipados, com monitores de diagnóstico em mamografia, que correspondam com as guidelines europeias. O serviço de Mamografia, em Portugal rege-se por estas guidelines, em que é referenciado que para um correcto diagnóstico, com toda a sensibilidade e especific...

  8. Cytomegalovirus disease in lung transplantation: impact of recipient seropositivity and duration of antiviral prophylaxis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hammond, S P; Martin, S T; Roberts, K; Gabardi, S; Fuhlbrigge, A L; Camp, P C; Goldberg, H J; Marty, F M; Baden, L R

    2013-04-01

    A recent randomized trial demonstrated that 1 year of antiviral prophylaxis for cytomegalovirus (CMV) after lung transplantation is superior to 3 months of treatment for prevention of CMV disease. However, it is uncertain if a shorter duration of prophylaxis might result in a similar rate of CMV disease among select lung transplant (LT) recipients who are at lower risk for CMV disease, based on baseline donor (D) and recipient (R) CMV serologies. We retrospectively assessed incidence, cumulative probability, and predictors of CMV disease and viremia in LT recipients transplanted between July 2004 and December 2009 at our center, where antiviral CMV prophylaxis for 6-12 months is standard. Of 129 LT recipients, 94 were at risk for CMV infection based on donor CMV seropositivity (D+) or recipient seropositivity (R+); 14 developed CMV disease (14.9%): 11 with CMV syndrome, 2 with pneumonitis, and 1 with gastrointestinal disease by the end of follow-up (October 2010); 17 developed asymptomatic CMV viremia (18.1%). The cumulative probability of CMV disease was 17.4% 18 months after transplantation. CMV D+/R- recipients who routinely received 1 year of prophylaxis were more likely to develop CMV disease compared with D+/R+ or D-/R+ recipients, who routinely received 6 months of prophylaxis (12/45 vs. 2/25 vs. 0/24, P = 0.005). Recipients who stopped CMV prophylaxis before 12 months (in D+/R- recipients) and 6 months (in R+ recipients) tended to develop CMV disease more than those who did not (9/39 vs. 3/41, P = 0.06). On a 6-month CMV prophylaxis protocol, few R+ recipients developed CMV disease in this cohort. In contrast, despite a 12-month prophylaxis protocol, D+/R- LT recipients remained at highest risk for CMV disease. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.

  9. Are EM's communication tools effective? Evaluation research of two EM publications

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wight, Evelyn; Gardner, Gene; Harvey, Tony

    1992-01-01

    As a reflection of its growing culture of openness, and in response to the public's need for accurate information about its activities, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of the Assistant Secretary for Environmental Restoration and Waste Management (EM) has increased the amount of information available to the public through communication tools such as brochures, fact sheets, and a travelling exhibit with an interactive computer display. Our involvement with this effort has been to design, develop, and critique booklets, brochures, fact sheets and other communication tools for EM. This paper presents an evaluation of the effectiveness of two communication tools we developed: the EM Booklet and the EM Fact Sheets. We measured effectiveness using non-parametric testing. This paper describes DOE's culture change, EM's communication tools and their context within DOE'S new open culture, our research, test methods and results, the significance of our research, and our plans for future research. (author)

  10. Falsa broca aumenta disseminação de Beauveria bassiana em populações de campo da broca-do-rizoma da bananeira West Indian Sugarcane Weevil enhances dissemination of Beauveria bassiana on field populations of the banana weevil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Giuliano Pauli

    2011-11-01

    Full Text Available A transmissão horizontal de fungos entomopatogênicos tem papel importante na epizootiologia, pois está diretamente associada à disseminação do agente causal da doença de insetos. Em hospedeiros que apresentam restrita mobilidade, a presença de pragas secundárias no agroecossistema pode ajudar na formação de focos secundários da doença e, com isso, aumentar a mortalidade das pragas-chave. Para tanto, a disseminação de Beauveria bassiana, introduzida inoculativamente através de iscas tipo telha, foi avaliada em um bananal infestado por Cosmopolites sordidus (Piracicaba e outro por C. sordidus e Metamasius hemipterus (Botucatu. Constatou-se que, em Piracicaba, não foram capturados insetos infectados na testemunha, sendo os índices de infecção nas parcelas que receberam B. bassiana de 8 e 15%. Em Botucatu, o índice de infecção dos insetos capturados na testemunha chegou a 17%, enquanto que, nas parcelas tratadas, variou de 28 a 54%. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho demostram que a presença de M. hemipterus influenciou na disseminação de B. bassiana para a população de C. sordidus, praga-chave dessa cultura.Horizontal transmission of entomopathogenic fungi plays an important role in the epizootiology, because it is directly associated with the spread of causal agents of insect diseases. In hosts with restricted mobility, the presence of secondary pests in the agroecosystem can help in the formation of secondary disease outbreaks and increase the mortality of the target pest. For this purpose, the dissemination of Beauveria bassiana inoculated using tile-type baits was evaluated in a banana plantation infested with Cosmopolites sordidus (Piracicaba and one with C. sordidus and Metamasius hemipterus (Botucatu. In Piracicaba, insects contaminated with the pathogen were not found in the control group, and infection rates in the plots that received B. bassiana ranged between 8 and 15%. In Botucatu, the infection rate of

  11. ESTABILIDADE DO ÁCIDO ASCÓRBICO EM SUCO DE LARANJA (Citrus sinensis) IN NATURA, EM SUCO REFRIGERADO E EM PREPARADOS QUENTES

    OpenAIRE

    Alves, Ana Paula de Faria; Santos, Janine V.; Neves, Laudelina B.; Sereia, Maria Josiane

    2008-01-01

    Foi realizada avaliação comparativa da retenção da vitamina C (ácido Ascórbico – AA) em suco fresco de laranjas íntegras, suco de laranja estocada sob refrigeração e em bolo contendo suco de laranja após a cocção em forno culinário convencional. O teor de AA em suco de laranjas armazenadas sob refrigeração por oito semanas variou entre 74,94 e 51,55 mg% com taxa de redução de 0,92% ao dia. Em suco fresco de laranja armazenado sob refrigeração durante sete dias, o teor médio de AA foi de 49,62...

  12. Cytomegalovirus neutralization by hyperimmune and standard intravenous immunoglobulin preparations.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Planitzer, Christina B; Saemann, Marcus D; Gajek, Hartwig; Farcet, Maria R; Kreil, Thomas R

    2011-08-15

    Cytomegalovirus (CMV) remains one of the most important pathogens after transplantation, potentially leading to CMV disease, allograft dysfunction, acute, and chronic rejection and opportunistic infections. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) preparations with high antibody titers against CMV are a valuable adjunctive prevention and treatment option for clinicians and apart from standard intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), CMV hyperimmune preparations are available. The CMV antibody titer of these preparations is typically determined by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), also used for the selection of high titer plasma donors for the production of the CMV Hyperimmune product. However, CMV ELISA titers do not necessarily correlate with CMV antibody function which is determined by virus neutralization tests. CMV antibody titers were determined by both ELISA and virus neutralization assay and the IgG subclass distribution was compared between a CMV hyperimmune licensed in Europe and standard IVIG preparations. Although the expected high CMV IgG ELISA antibody titers were confirmed for three lots of a CMV hyperimmune preparation, the functionally more relevant CMV neutralizing antibody titers were significantly higher for 31 lots of standard IVIG preparations. Moreover, considerably lower IgG3 levels were found for the CMV hyperimmune preparation compared with standard IVIG preparations. The higher functional CMV neutralization titers of standard IVIG preparations and the better availability of these preparations, suggest that these products could be a valuable alternative to the CMV hyperimmune preparation.

  13. Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of 13-<em>n>-Alkyl Berberine and Palmatine Analogues as Anticancer Agents

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lei Zhang

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available By introducing long carbon-chain alkyl groups at the C-13 position of berberine and palmatine, 13-<em>n>-hexyl/13-<em>n>-octyl berberine and palmatine chloride analogues 4ad were synthesized and examined by MTT assays for cytotoxic activity in seven human cancer cell lines (7701QGY, SMMC7721, HepG2, CEM, CEM/VCR, KIII, Lewis, yielding IC50 values of 0.02 ± 0.01–13.58 ± 2.84 μM. 13-<em>n>-Octyl palmatine (compound 4d gave the most potent inhibitor activity, with an IC50 of 0.02 ± 0.01 μM for SMMC7721. In all cases, the 13-<em>n>-alkyl berberine and palmatine analogues 4ad were more cytotoxic than berberine and palmatine. In addition, compounds 4ad also exhibited more potent cytotoxicity than berberine and palmatine in mice with S180 sarcoma xenografted<em> in vivoem>. The primary screening results indicated that the 13-<em>n>-hexyl/13-<em>n>-octyl berberine and palmatine analogues might be valuable source for new potent anticancer drug candidates.

  14. Isojacareubin from the Chinese Herb <em>Hypericum japonicumem>: Potent Antibacterial and Synergistic Effects on Clinical Methicillin-Resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureusem> (MRSA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gen-Chun Wang

    2012-07-01

    Full Text Available Through bioassay-guided fractionation of the extracts from the aerial parts of the Chinese herb <em>Hypericum japonicumem> Thunb. Murray, Isojacareubin (ISJ was characterized as a potent antibacterial compound against the clinical methicillin-resistant S<em>taphylococcus aureusem> (MRSA. The broth microdilution assay was used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs and minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs of ISJ alone. The results showed that its MICs/MBCs ranged from 4/16 to 16/64 μg/mL, with the concentrations required to inhibit or kill 50% of the strains (MIC50/MBC50 at 8/16 μg/mL. Synergistic evaluations of this compound with four conventional antibacterial agents representing different types were performed by the chequerboard and time-kill tests. The chequerboard method showed significant synergy effects when ISJ was combined with Ceftazidime (CAZ, Levofloxacin (LEV and Ampicillin (AMP, with the values of 50% of the fractional inhibitory concentration indices (FICI50 at 0.25, 0.37 and 0.37, respectively. Combined bactericidal activities were also observed in the time-kill dynamic assay. The results showed the ability of ISJ to reduce MRSA viable counts by log10CFU/mL at 24 h of incubation at a concentration of 1 × MIC were 1.5 (LEV, additivity, 0.92 (CAZ, indifference and 0.82 (AMP, indifference, respectively. These <em>in vitroem> anti-MRSA activities of ISJ alone and its synergy with conventional antibacterial agents demonstrated that ISJ enhanced their efficacy, which is of potential use for single and combinatory therapy of patients infected with MRSA.

  15. Prevalência e fatores associados à obesidade abdominal em pacientes em hemodiálise em Goiânia - GO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Tereza Vaz de Souza Freitas

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: A presença de excesso de peso, especialmente obesidade visceral, contribui para o maior risco de complicações metabólicas e cardiovasculares em pacientes com doença renal crônica. OBJETIVO: Determinar a prevalência e os fatores associados à obesidade abdominal em pacientes em hemodiálise (HD. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com 344 pacientes maiores de 18 anos. A obesidade abdominal foi definida pela circunferência da cintura > 94 cm nos homens e > 80 cm nas mulheres. As variáveis independentes envolveram aspectos socioeconômicos, demográficos, hábitos de vida, tempo em HD, consumo alimentar e índice de massa corporal (IMC. A análise dos fatores associados foi realizada por regressão de Poisson múltipla, permanecendo no modelo final as variáveis com p 25 kg/m². Nos homens, a classe econômica D/E também permaneceu associada à obesidade abdominal, p < 0,05. CONCLUSÃO: Observou-se alta prevalência de obesidade abdominal em pacientes em hemodiálise. Idade superior a 40 anos, classes econômicas mais baixas, ingestão proteica inferior ao recomendado e excesso de peso foram associados à obesidade abdominal.

  16. Variabilità microsatellitare in popolazioni italiane di martora, <em>Martes martesem>

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    Licia Colli

    2003-10-01

    Full Text Available La martora, <em>Martes martesem>, è un mustelide storicamente presente su gran parte del territorio italiano, soprattutto dove siano presenti foreste mature altamente strutturate e ricche di risorse. Nel corso dei decenni passati, cause quali la deforestazione con conseguente frammentazione dell'habitat, la caccia e la persecuzione da parte dell'uomo hanno portato ad un sensibile declino sia nel numero d'individui sia di popolazioni in tutta l'Europa. Frammentazione degli areali e diminuzione del numero di soggetti costituiscono le cause principali di un limitato flusso genico con conseguente formazione di popolazioni isolate di martora e perdita di variabilità genetica (Kyle <em>et al.em>, 2003. Per queste ragioni la martora risulta attualmente tutelata secondo quanto previsto dalla Convenzione di Berna (appendice III e dalla Direttiva europea 92/43/CEE "Habitats & Species". Di fronte a prospettive di tipo conservazionistico, diventa necessario disporre di metodologie per la valutazione della variabilità residua nella specie a livello d'individui e di popolazioni. Secondo numerosi Autori, i microsatelliti costituiscono marcatori molto efficaci nella descrizione della struttura genetica e della storia demografica di specie (Beaumont & Bruford, 1999; Linares, 1999. Il presente lavoro propone i risultati ottenuti attraverso il confronto di due campioni costituiti da individui di <em>Martes martesem> provenienti dalla Sardegna (25 esemplari e dal territorio italiano (6 esemplari. L'analisi è stata condotta a livello di 7 loci microsatellitari dinucleotidici polimorfici. Il valore di FST calcolato dal confronto dei due gruppi è risultato pari a 0,102 e ricade nel <em>range> di variazione identificato di recente in popolazioni nord-europee di martora (Kyle <em>et al.em>, 2003. L'analisi della varianza molecolare (AMOVA, condotta a due livelli gerarchici, ha permesso in particolare di ripartire la varianza del campione

  17. Molecular and Biological Characterization of an Isolate of Cucumber mosaic virus from Glycine soja by Generating its Infectious Full-genome cDNA Clones

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mi Sa Vo Phan

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available Molecular and biological characteristics of an isolate of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV from Glycine soja (wild soybean, named as CMV-209, was examined in this study. Comparison of nucleotide sequences and phylogenetic analyses of CMV-209 with the other CMV strains revealed that CMV-209 belonged to CMV subgroup I. However, CMV-209 showed some genetic distance from the CMV strains assigned to subgroup IA or subgroup IB. Infectious full-genome cDNA clones of CMV-209 were generated under the control of the Cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. Infectivity of the CMV-209 clones was evaluated in Nicotiana benthamiana and various legume species. Our assays revealed that CMV-209 could systemically infect Glycine soja (wild soybean and Pisum sativum (pea as well as N. benthamiana, but not the other legume species.

  18. Retratos em movimento.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luiz Carlos Oliveira Junior

    Full Text Available resumo O artigo aborda aspectos da relação do cinema com a arte do retrato. Buscamos, em primeiro lugar, uma definição estética do que seria um retrato cinematográfico, sempre em tensão com os critérios formais e padrões estilísticos que historicamente constituíram o retrato pictórico. Em seguida, relacionamos essa questão com a importância que se deu à representação do close-up de rosto nas primeiras décadas do cinema, quando foi atribuído aos filmes um papel inédito no estudo da fisionomia e da expressão facial. Por fim, apresentamos exemplos de autorretratos na pintura e no cinema para expor a forma como a autorrepresentação põe em crise as noções de subjetividade e identidade em que a definição clássica do retrato se apoiava.

  19. Winter food of the fox <em>Vulpes vulpesem> in the Province of Cuneo (North-Western Italy / Alimentazione invernale della Volpe <em>Vulpes vulpesem> nell'Albese (Provincia di Cuneo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paolo Debernardi

    1991-07-01

    Full Text Available Abstract The diet of the Fox <em>Vulpes vulpesem> was studied by the analysis of 157 gastric contents coming from hilly areas of the Province of Cuneo. Samples were gathered during January-March of the years '86 (N. 41, '87 (N. 72 and '88 (N. 44. The mean percentage of frequency was determined for the following feeding categories: Fruits (26.1%, Other vegetable components (19.7%, Insects (2.5%, Wild birds (11.5%, Insectivores and Rodents (42.7%, <em>Lepus capensisem> (13.4%, Indeterminate Lagomorphs (17.2%, Domestic animals (59.2% and Other (2.5%. The diet is analysed in relation to some available trophic resources (dumps, restoking of hares and of pheasants. Riassunto Vengono presentati i dati dell'analisi di 157 contenuti gastrici di <em>Vulpes vulpesem>, provenienti da aree collinari della provincia di Cuneo; i campioni si riferiscono ai primi tre mesi delle annate '86 (N. 41, '87 (N. 72 e '88 (N. 44. Sono state determinate le frequenze percentuali delle seguenti categorie alimentari: Frutti (26,1%, Altre componenti vegetali (19,7%, Insetti (2,5%, Uccelli selvatici (11,5%, Insettivori e Roditori (42,7%, <em>Lepus capensisem> (13,4%, Lagomorfi indeterminati (17,2%, Animali domestici (59,2% e Altro (2,5%. La dieta viene esaminata in relazione ad alcuni aspetti legati alle disponibilità trofiche del territorio (presenza di discariche, ripopolamenti di selvaggina.

  20. Caratterizzazione genetica di alcune popolazioni di cinghiale (<em>Sus scrofaem> dell'Italia meridionale

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    M.F. Caliendo

    2003-10-01

    Full Text Available In Italia il Cinghiale ha subito varie oscillazioni numeriche per immissioni d?esemplari provenienti soprattutto dall'est europeo o da paesi vicini (Massei & Toso, 1993 e incrocio con esemplari di maiale domestico, allevato allo stato brado o semi brado in molte zone d'Italia (Apollonio <em>et al.em>, 1988. Questi fattori sono stati responsabili anche di un impoverimento genetico della forma autoctona italiana <em>Sus scrofa meridionalisem> e <em>majori> che sembrano persistere solo in Sardegna e Maremma (Apollonio <em>et al.em>, 1988. Tra le riserve in cui si ritiene possano trovarsi popolazioni ancora integre, figura la tenuta presidenziale di Castelporziano (Roma. Prendendo spunto da questo lavoro, con il nostro contributo riportiamo i risultati, a livello genetico, della ibridazione con il maiale da parte di cinghiali della Campania, basato sul DNA microsatellite di 4 loci polimorfi. Sono state studiate 9 popolazioni (allevate e libere, usando per riferimenti maiali allo stato brado e cinghiali di Castelporziano. Dall?analisi delle frequenze alleliche è stato eseguito il <em>test di assignmentem> (implementato in una sub routine del software Arlequin 2.0 che individua la possibile origine di un individuo, rispetto ad una rosa di probabili popolazioni di riferimento (Paetkau <em>et al.em>, 1998. Con i risultati del test di assignment si è costruito il grafico <em>log-log genotypeem>, rappresentato da un piano individuato dalle due variabili di riferimento (cinghiale e maiale brado. Le popolazioni esaminate evidenziano una generalizzata distribuzione a cavallo tra i due riferimenti con individui geneticamente simili al cinghiale ed altri al maiale. Questa ripartizione simmetrica è molto evidente nel caso dei cinghiali catturati a Punta Licosa e in quelli dell?allevamento di Polla. La distribuzione dei genotipi sul piano è spesso dispersa, ad eccezione dei cinghiali della Valle del Vento e quelli di Monteverde (individui

  1. Pré-resfriamento em água de lichia 'B3' mantida em armazenamento refrigerado

    OpenAIRE

    del Aguila,Juan Saavedra; Hofman,Peter; Campbell,Terrence; Marques,José Roberto; Heiffig-del Aguila,Lília Sichmann; Kluge,Ricardo Alfredo

    2009-01-01

    Este experimento visou a estudar o efeito de diferentes temperaturas e tempos de pré-resfriamento em água sobre a qualidade de lichias 'B3', após a frigoconservação. Os tratamentos foram: T1 = controle (sem pré-resfriamento); T2 = imersão por cinco minutos em água a 2,5°C; T3 = imersão por 10 minutos em água a 2,5°C; T4 = imersão por 20 minutos em água a 2,5°C; T5 = imersão por sete minutos em água a 6°C; T6 = imersão por 20 minutos em água a 8°C e T7 = imersão por 10 minu...

  2. Cytomegalovirus pp65 antigenemia-guided pre-emptive treatment with ganciclovir after allogeneic stem transplantation: a single-center experience.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Manteiga, R; Martino, R; Sureda, A; Labeaga, R; Brunet, S; Sierra, J; Rabella, N

    1998-11-01

    The optimal prophylactic strategy for cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has not yet been established. The aim of this study was to analyze our single-center experience with a uniform protocol of CMV antigenemia-guided pre-emptive treatment with ganciclovir (GCV) after allografting. Fifty-two consecutive adult patients, 48 of them transplanted from HLA-identical matched related donors were included. T cell-depleted marrow or peripheral blood were used in 21 cases. After engraftment, weekly blood samples were tested for CMV pp65 antigenemia and viremia (conventional cultures) until day +100. GCV was started if CMV antigenemia and/or CMV viremia were detected. CMV infection (CMV-I) was found in 19 patients (37%). Seven patients suffered from CMV disease (CMV-D), three colitis and four pneumonias. There was one death directly related to CMV-D and three further cases died from refractory GVHD with CMV-D. Only one patient developed CMV pneumonia without any previous positive antigenemia and/or viremia. Multivariate analysis identified grades II-IV acute GVHD (P = 0.02) and peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (P = 0.03) to be risk factors for developing CMV-I. In conclusion, this monitoring protocol allowed early treatment of CMV-I without progression to CMV-D. Pre-emptive therapy had the additional advantage of avoiding GCV administration in most of our allograft recipients.

  3. Antioxidative Characteristics of <em>Anisomeles indicaem> Extract and Inhibitory Effect of Ovatodiolide on Melanogenesis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Li-Ling Chang

    2012-05-01

    Full Text Available The purpose of the study was to investigate the antioxidant characteristics of <em>Anisomeles indicaem> methanol extract and the inhibitory effect of ovatodiolide on melanogenesis. In the study, the antioxidant capacities of <em>A. indicaem> methanol extract such as DPPH assay, ABTS radical scavenging assay, reducing capacity and metal ion chelating capacity as well as total phenolic content of the extract were investigated. In addition, the inhibitory effects of ovatodiolide on mushroom tyrosinase, B16F10 intracellular tyrosinase and melanin content were determined spectrophotometrically. Our results revealed that the antioxidant capacities of <em>A. indicaem> methanol extract increased in a dose-dependent pattern. The purified ovatodiolide inhibited mushroom tyrosinase activity (IC50 = 0.253 mM, the compound also effectively suppressed intracellular tyrosinase activity (IC50 = 0.469 mM and decreased the amount of melanin (IC50 = 0.435 mM in a dose-dependent manner in B16F10 cells. Our results concluded that <em>A. indicaem> methanol extract displays antioxidant capacities and ovatodiolide purified from the extract inhibited melanogenesis in B16F10 cells. Hence, <em>A. indicaem> methanol extract and ovatodiolide could be applied as a type of dermatological whitening agent in skin care products.

  4. International EMS Systems

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Langhelle, Audun; Lossius, Hans Morten; Silfvast, Tom

    2004-01-01

    exist, however, especially within the ground and air ambulance service, and the EMS systems face several challenges. Main problems and challenges emphasized by the authors are: (1) Denmark: the dispatch centres are presently not under medical control and are without a national criteria based system......Emergency medicine service (EMS) systems in the five Nordic countries have more similarities than differences. One similarity is the involvement of anaesthesiologists as pre-hospital physicians and their strong participation for all critically ill and injured patients in-hospital. Discrepancies do....... Access to on-line medical advice of a physician is not available; (2) Finland: the autonomy of the individual municipalities and their responsibility to cover for primary and specialised health care, as well as the EMS, and the lack of supporting or demanding legislation regarding the EMS; (3) Iceland...

  5. Locas al Rescate: The Transnational Hauntings of Queer <em>Cubanidad>

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    Lázaro Lima

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available

    “Locas al Rescate: The Transnational Hauntings of Queer <em>Cubanidad>” (originally published in <em>Cuba Transnationalem> offers a significant contribution both to transnational American Studies and to gender studies. In telling the insider story of the alternative identity formation, practices, and forms of “rescue” initiated by the affective activism of the Cuban American society in drag in 1990s Miami/South Beach, Lima resuscitates the liberatory gestures of a subculture defined by its pursuit of its own acceptance, value, and freedom. With their aesthetic and political life on a raft, the gay micro-communities inside Cuban America asserted their own islandic space, Lima observes, performing “takeovers” in and of parks and bars and beaches—creating a post-Habermasian sphere of public activism focused on private parts, saving themselves from AIDS, from the disaffection and disaffiliation of the right-wing Cuban immigrant community, and from the failure of their own yearning to belong, to be wanted, to be embodied as the figure of their compelling <em>Cubanidad>. Against the hegemony of the invented collective politics of the sacrificing immigrants whose recognition of the queer side of being (of a being constituted by identity loss is yet to come, Lima suggests a spectral return—a personal and transnational reckoning of those whose lives the dream of freedom drowned.

  6. Symptomatic Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection in Children of Seropositive Women

    OpenAIRE

    Ines Mack; Marie-Anne Burckhardt; Marie-Anne Burckhardt; Ulrich Heininger; Friederike Prüfer; Sven Schulzke; Sven Wellmann

    2017-01-01

    Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most frequent congenital virus infection worldwide. The risk of congenital CMV (cCMV) transmission is highest in seronegative women who acquire primary CMV infection during pregnancy. A growing body of evidence indicates that secondary CMV infections in pregnant women with preconceptual immunity (either through reactivation of latent virus or re-infection with a new strain of CMV) contribute to a much greater proportion of symptomatic cCMV than was previously thou...

  7. Intravaginal cytomegalovirus (CMV challenge elicits maternal viremia and results in congenital transmission in a guinea pig model

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Schleiss Mark R

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background The objective of this study was to compare intravaginal (ivg and subcutaneous (sc administration of the guinea pig cytomegalovirus (GPCMV in pregnant and non-pregnant guinea pigs. These studies tested the hypotheses that ivg infection would elicit immune responses, produce maternal viremia, and lead to vertical transmission, with an efficiency similar to the traditionally employed sc route. Results Four groups of age- and size-matched guinea pigs were studied. Two groups were pregnant, and two groups were not pregnant. Animals received 5x105 plaque-forming units (PFU of a GPCMV reconstituted from an infectious bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC construct containing the full-length GPCMV genome. Seroconversion was compared by IgG ELISA, and viremia (DNAemia was monitored by PCR. In both pregnant and non-pregnant animals, sc inoculation resulted in significantly higher serum ELISA titers than ivg inoculation at 8 and 12 weeks post-infection. Patterns of viremia (DNAemia were similar in animals inoculated by either sc or ivg route. However, in pregnant guinea pigs, animals inoculated by both routes experienced an earlier onset of DNAemia than did non-pregnant animals. Neither the percentage of dead pups nor the percentage of GPCMV positive placentas differed by inoculation route. Conclusions In the guinea pig model of congenital CMV infection, the ivg route is as efficient at causing congenital infection as the conventional but non-physiologic sc route. This finding could facilitate future experimental evaluation of vaccines and antiviral interventions in this highly relevant animal model.

  8. SD118-Xanthocillin X (1, a Novel Marine Agent Extracted from <em>Penicillium> communeem>, Induces Autophagy through the Inhibition of the MEK/ERK Pathway

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Caiguo Huang

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available A compound named SD118-xanthocillin X (1 (C18H12N2O2, isolated from <em>Penicillium> <em>commune> in a deep-sea sediment sample, has been shown to inhibit the growth of several cancer cell lines <em>in vitroem>. In the present study, we employed a growth inhibition assay and apoptotic analysis to identify the biological effect and detailed mechanism of SD118-xanthocillin X (1 in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2 cells. SD118-xanthocillin X (1 demonstrated a concentration-dependent inhibitory effect on the growth of HepG2 cells and caused slight cellular apoptosis and significantly induced autophagy. Autophagy was detected as early as 12 h by the conversion of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3-I to LC3-II, following cleavage and lipid addition to LC3-I. The pharmacological autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine largely attenuates the growth inhibition and autophagic effect of SD118-xanthocillin X (1 in HepG2 cells. Our data also indicated that the autophagic effect of SD118-xanthocillin X (1 occurs via the down-regulation of the MEK/ERK signaling pathway and the up-regulated class III PI3K/Beclin 1 signaling pathway.

  9. Sorteio de domicílios em favelas em inquéritos por amostragem

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    Maria Cecilia Goi Porto Alves

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Identificar vantagens e desvantagens do uso de segmentos em relação ao sorteio feito a partir da lista completa de endereços, para o sorteio de domicílios em amostragem por conglomerados em múltiplos estágios em favelas. PROCEDIMENTOS METODOLÓGICOS: Estudo qualitativo realizado em quatro favelas sorteadas no Inquérito de Saúde do Município de São Paulo, SP, 2008, nas quais foram aplicadas as duas técnicas. Foram realizados grupos focais com pesquisadores de campo - "arroladores" e entrevistadores do inquérito. Os conteúdos das conversações foram analisados, agrupados em categorias e organizados em núcleos temáticos. ANÁLISE DOS RESULTADOS: A utilização de segmentos de domicílios foi associada a numerosas vantagens e poucas desvantagens. Entre as vantagens, constaram a rapidez e facilidade na elaboração do cadastro de endereços e na localização e identificação de domicílios na etapa de realização das entrevistas, maior segurança dos entrevistadores e da população, maior acesso aos entrevistados, maior estabilidade e maior cobertura do cadastro produzido, e menor ocorrência de erros na identificação dos domicílios sorteados. CONCLUSÕES: A construção de cadastro de domicílios por meio da criação de segmentos é vantajosa em relação à listagem completa de endereços, quando feita em favelas. Por ter se mostrado uma opção econômica e fácil de ser aplicada, constitui alternativa para a simplificação do processo de amostragem em áreas com as suas características de desorganização e adensamento de domicílios.

  10. Anti-Tumour Promoting Activity and Antioxidant Properties of Girinimbine Isolated from the Stem Bark of<em> Murraya koenigii em>S.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yih Yih Kok

    2012-04-01

    Full Text Available Girinimbine, a carbazole alkaloid isolated from the stem bark of <em>Murraya koenigii em>was tested for the<em> in vitroem> anti-tumour promoting and antioxidant activities. Anti-tumour promoting activity was determined by assaying the capability of this compound to inhibit the expression of early antigen of Epstein-Barr virus (EA-EBV in Raji cells that was induced by the tumour promoter, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. The concentration of this compound that gave an inhibition rate at fifty percent was 6.0 µg/mL and was not cytotoxic to the cells. Immunoblotting analysis of the expression of EA-EBV showed that girinimbine was able to suppress restricted early antigen (EA-R. However, diffused early antigen (EA-D was partially suppressed when used at 32.0 µg/mL. Girinimbine exhibited a very strong antioxidant activity as compared to a-tocopherol and was able to inhibit superoxide generation in the 12-<em>O>-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA-induced differentiated premyelocytic HL-60 cells more than 95%, when treated with the compound at 5.3 and 26.3 µg/mL, respectively. However girinimbine failed to scavenge the stable diphenyl picryl hydrazyl (DPPH-free radical.

  11. Solution NMR Structure of Hypothetical Protein CV_2116 Encoded by a Viral Prophage Element in <em>Chromobacterium violaceumem>

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yunhuang Yang

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available CV_2116 is a small hypothetical protein of 82 amino acids from the Gram-negative coccobacillus <em>Chromobacterium violaceumem>. A PSI-BLAST search using the CV_2116 sequence as a query identified only one hit (E = 2e−07 corresponding to a hypothetical protein OR16_04617 from <em>Cupriavidus basilensisem> OR16, which failed to provide insight into the function of CV_2116. The <em>CV_2116em> gene was cloned into the p15TvLic expression plasmid, transformed into <em>E. coliem>, and 13C- and 15N-labeled NMR samples of CV_2116 were overexpressed in <em>E. coliem> and purified for structure determination using NMR spectroscopy. The resulting high-quality solution NMR structure of CV_2116 revealed a novel α + β fold containing two anti-parallel β -sheets in the <em>N>-terminal two-thirds of the protein and one α-helix in the <em>C>-terminal third of the protein. CV_2116 does not belong to any known protein sequence family and a Dali search indicated that no similar structures exist in the protein data bank. Although no function of CV_2116 could be derived from either sequence or structural similarity searches, the neighboring genes of <em>CV_2116em> encode various proteins annotated as similar to bacteriophage tail assembly proteins. Interestingly, <em>C. violaceumem> exhibits an extensive network of bacteriophage tail-like structures that likely result from lateral gene transfer by incorporation of viral DNA into its genome (prophages due to bacteriophage infection. Indeed, <em>C. violaceumem> has been shown to contain four prophage elements and <em>CV_2116em> resides in the fourth of these elements. Analysis of the putative operon in which CV_2116 resides indicates that CV_2116 might be a component of the bacteriophage tail-like assembly that occurs in <em>C. violaceumem>.

  12. Screening for seemingly healthy newborns with congenital cytomegalovirus infection by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction using newborn urine: an observational study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yamaguchi, Akira; Oh-Ishi, Tsutomu; Arai, Takashi; Sakata, Hideaki; Adachi, Nodoka; Asanuma, Satoshi; Oguma, Eiji; Kimoto, Hirofumi; Matsumoto, Jiro; Fujita, Hidetoshi; Uesato, Tadashi; Fujita, Jutaro; Shirato, Ken; Ohno, Hideki; Kizaki, Takako

    2017-01-20

    Approximately 8-10% of newborns with asymptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection develop sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). However, the relationship between CMV load, SNHL and central nervous system (CNS) damage in cCMV infection remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the relationship between urinary CMV load, SNHL and CNS damage in newborns with cCMV infection. The study included 23 368 newborns from two maternity hospitals in Saitama Prefecture, Japan. Urine screening for cCMV infection (quantitative real-time PCR) and newborn hearing screening (automated auditory brainstem response (AABR) testing) were conducted within 5 days of birth to examine the incidence of cCMV infection and SNHL, respectively. CNS damage was assessed by MRI of cCMV-infected newborns. The incidence of cCMV infection was 60/23 368 (0.257%; 95% CI 0.192% to 0.322%). The geometric mean urinary CMV DNA copy number in newborns with cCMV was 1.79×10 6 copies/mL (95% CI 7.97×10 5 to 4.02×10 6 ). AABR testing revealed abnormalities in 171 of the 22 229 (0.769%) newborns whose parents approved hearing screening. Of these 171 newborns, 22 had SNHL (12.9%), and 5 of these 22 were infected with cCMV (22.7%). Newborns with both cCMV and SNHL had a higher urinary CMV DNA copy number than newborns with cCMV without SNHL (p=0.036). MRI revealed CNS damage, including white matter abnormalities, in 83.0% of newborns with cCMV. Moreover, newborns with CNS damage had a significantly greater urinary CMV load than newborns without CNS damage (p=0.013). We determined the incidence of cCMV infection and urinary CMV DNA copy number in seemingly healthy newborns from two hospitals in Saitama Prefecture. SNHL and CNS damage were associated with urinary CMV DNA copy number. Quantification of urinary CMV load may effectively predict the incidence of late-onset SNHL and neurodevelopmental disorders. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already

  13. Risk-Association of <em>CYP11A1em> Polymorphisms and Breast Cancer Among Han Chinese Women in Southern China

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Minying Sun

    2012-04-01

    Full Text Available Exposure to endogenous sex hormones has been reported as a risk factor for breast cancer. The <em>CYP11A1em> gene encodes the key enzyme that catalyzes the initial and rate-limiting step in steroid hormone synthesis. In this study, the associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs in <em>CYP11A1em> and breast cancer susceptibility were examined. Six SNPs in <em>CYP11A1 em>were genotyped using the MassARRAY IPLEX platform in 530 breast cancer patients and 546 healthy controls. Association analyses based on a χ2 test and binary logistic regression were performed to determine the odds ratio (<em>OR> and 95% confidence interval (95% <em>CI> for each SNP. Two loci (rs2959008 and rs2279357 showed evidence of associations with breast cancer risk. The variant genotype C/T-C/C of rs2959008 was significantly associated with a decreased risk (age-adjusted<em> ORem>, 0.75; 95% <em>CI>, 0.58–0.96; <em>P em>= 0.023 compared with the wild-type TT. However, the homozygous TT variant of rs2279357 exhibited increased susceptibility to breast cancer (age-adjusted<em> ORem>, 1.44; 95% <em>CI>, 1.05–1.98; <em>P em>= 0.022. The locus rs2959003 also showed an appreciable effect, but no associations were observed for three other SNPs. Our results suggest that polymorphisms of <em>CYP11A1em> are related to breast cancer susceptibility in Han Chinese women of South China.

  14. Acetylcholinesterase-Inhibiting Activity of Salicylanilide <em>N>-Alkylcarbamates and Their Molecular Docking

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Josef Jampilek

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available A series of twenty-five novel salicylanilide <em>N>-alkylcarbamates were investigated as potential acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. The compounds were tested for their ability to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE from electric eel (<em>Electrophorus electricusem> L.. Experimental lipophilicity was determined, and the structure-activity relationships are discussed. The mode of binding in the active site of AChE was investigated by molecular docking. All the discussed compounds expressed significantly higher AChE inhibitory activity than rivastigmine and slightly lower than galanthamine. Disubstitution by chlorine in C'(3,4 of the aniline ring and the optimal length of hexyl-undecyl alkyl chains in the carbamate moiety provided the most active AChE inhibitors. Monochlorination in C'(4 exhibited slightly more effective AChE inhibitors than in C'(3. Generally it can be stated that compounds with higher lipophilicity showed higher inhibition, and the activity of the compounds is strongly dependent on the length of the <em>N>-alkyl chain.

  15. A Targeted Approach for Congenital Cytomegalovirus Screening Within Newborn Hearing Screening.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fowler, Karen B; McCollister, Faye P; Sabo, Diane L; Shoup, Angela G; Owen, Kris E; Woodruff, Julie L; Cox, Edith; Mohamed, Lisa S; Choo, Daniel I; Boppana, Suresh B

    2017-02-01

    Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection remains a leading cause of childhood hearing loss. Currently universal CMV screening at birth does not exist in the United States. An alternative approach could be testing infants who do not pass their newborn hearing screening (NHS) for cCMV. This study was undertaken to evaluate whether a targeted approach will identify infants with CMV-related sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Infants born at 7 US medical centers received NHS and were also screened for cCMV while in the newborn nursery. Infants who tested positive for CMV received further diagnostic audiologic evaluations to identify or confirm hearing loss. Between 2007 and 2012, 99 945 newborns were screened for both hearing impairment and cCMV. Overall, 7.0% of CMV-positive infants did not pass NHS compared with 0.9% of CMV-negative infants (P CMV-infected infants who passed their NHS had SNHL confirmed by further evaluation during early infancy. NHS in this cohort identified 57% of all CMV-related SNHL that occurred in the neonatal period. A targeted CMV approach that tests newborns who fail their NHS identified the majority of infants with CMV-related SNHL at birth. However, 43% of the infants with CMV-related SNHL in the neonatal period and cCMV infants who are at risk for late onset SNHL were not identified by NHS. Copyright © 2017 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.

  16. Molecular Identification of Chronic Bee Paralysis Virus Infection in <em>Apis melliferaem> Colonies in Japan

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    Tomomi Morimoto

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available Chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV infection causes chronic paralysis and loss of workers in honey bee colonies around the world. Although CBPV shows a worldwide distribution, it had not been molecularly detected in Japan. Our investigation of <em>Apis melliferaem> and <em>Apis cerana japonicaem> colonies with RT-PCR has revealed CBPV infection in <em>A. melliferaem> but not <em>A. c. japonicaem> colonies in Japan. The prevalence of CBPV is low compared with that of other viruses: deformed wing virus (DWV, black queen cell virus (BQCV, Israel acute paralysis virus (IAPV, and sac brood virus (SBV, previously reported in Japan. Because of its low prevalence (5.6% in <em>A. melliferaem> colonies, the incidence of colony losses by CBPV infection must be sporadic in Japan. The presence of the (− strand RNA in dying workers suggests that CBPV infection and replication may contribute to their symptoms. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrates a geographic separation of Japanese isolates from European, Uruguayan, and mainland US isolates. The lack of major exchange of honey bees between Europe/mainland US and Japan for the recent 26 years (1985–2010 may have resulted in the geographic separation of Japanese CBPV isolates.

  17. Emergency Medical Service (EMS) Stations

    Data.gov (United States)

    Kansas Data Access and Support Center — EMS Locations in Kansas The EMS stations dataset consists of any location where emergency medical services (EMS) personnel are stationed or based out of, or where...

  18. Effector/memory CD8+ T cells synergize with co-stimulation competent macrophages to trigger autoimmune peripheral neuropathy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yang, Mu; Shi, Xiang Qun; Peyret, Corentin; Oladiran, Oladayo; Wu, Sonia; Chambon, Julien; Fournier, Sylvie; Zhang, Ji

    2018-04-05

    Autoimmune peripheral neuropathy (APN) such as Guillain Barre Syndrome (GBS) is a debilitating illness and sometimes life threatening. The molecular and cellular mechanisms remain elusive but exposure to environmental factors including viral/bacterial infection and injury is highly associated with disease incidence. We demonstrated previously that both male and female B7.2 (CD86) transgenic L31 and L31/CD4KO mice develop spontaneous APN. Here we further reveal that CD8 + T cells in these mice exhibit an effector/memory phenotype, which bears a resemblance to the CD8 + T cell response following persistent cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in humans and mice, whilst CMV has been considered as one of the most relevant pathogens in APN development. These activated, peripheral myelin Ag specific CD8 + T cells are required for the disease initiation. While an injury to a peripheral nerve results in Wallerian degeneration in control littermates, the same injury accelerates the development of APN in other non-injured nerves of L31 mice which have a predisposed inflammatory background consisting of effector/memory CD8 + T (CD8 + T EM ) cells. However, CD8 + T EM cells alone are not sufficient. A certain threshold of B7.2 expression on nerve macrophages is an additional requisite. Our findings reveal that indeed, the synergism between CD8 + T EM cells and co-stimulation competent macrophages is crucial in inducing autoimmune-mediated peripheral neuropathy. The identification of decisive molecular/cellular players connecting environmental triggers and the occurrence of APN provides opportunities to prevent disease onset, reduce relapses and develop new therapeutic strategies. Crown Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  19. Efficiency of boron application in an Oxisol cultivated with banana in the Central Amazon

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Adônis Moreira

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available In the Amazon region, there is no information on the fertilization of banana plants with boron (B. Besides this, the extractant (hot water currently used to test B concentrations has many limitations. The aim of this work was to study the effect of B on the fruit yield and quality of banana plants of the Cavendish (AAA sub-group, grown in dystrophic Yellow Latosol (Oxisol or Xanthic Ferralsol, in the Amazonas State, Brazil. The experimental design was completely randomized split plot in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme, composed of four B rates (0, 4, 8 and 12 kg ha-1 and two harvest cycles (sub-treatments, with four replicates. The B availability in the soil was determined by three extractants: Mehlich 3, hot water and KCl 1.0 mol L-1. The application of B influences the fruit yield, pulp/peel ratio, pulp resistance and B content in the leaves and fruits. The KCl 1.0 mol L-1 extractant was similar to the hot water in the evaluation of available B. To obtain maximum yield, it is necessary to apply 4.1 and 6.1 kg ha-1 of B in the first and second cycles, respectively.Na Amazônia não existem informações sobre adubação com boro (B na bananeira, além disso, o extrator água quente, que é atualmente o mais utilizado, apresenta inúmeras limitações. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o efeito do B sobre a produção e qualidade dos frutos da bananeira do subgrupo Cavendish (AAA, cultivada em Latossolo Amarelo distrófico, no Estado do Amazonas, Brasil. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado em parcela subdividida em esquema fatorial 4 x 2, constituído por quatro doses de B (0, 4, 8 e 12 kg ha-1 e dois ciclos de colheita - sub-parcelas (primeiro e segundo ciclo, com quatro repetições. A disponibilidade de B no solo foi determinada pelos extratores Mehlich 3, água quente e KCl 1,0 mol L-1. A aplicação de B influenciou a produção, relação polpa e casca, resistência da polpa e o teor de B nas folhas e nos

  20. Zoomorfismos, botanismos, gastronomismos: é assim que devem ser classificados os fraseologismos?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lúcia Monteiro de Barros Fulgêncio

    2014-10-01

    Full Text Available No estudo das expressões idiomáticas, emprega-se com frequência uma taxonomia que estabelece categorias fraseológicas com base na classe hiperonímica de um dos nomes que ocorrem na expressão. Dessa forma, costuma-se usar uma classificação que inclui termos como zoomorfismos, botanismos, indumentismos, somatismos e gastronomismos, por exemplo. Falar cobras e lagartos seria um zoomorfismo; por outro lado, plantar bananeira seria um botanismo. O presente artigo tem o objetivo de questionar a adequação e a pertinência de tal classificação. Apesar de esse uso constituir a praxe em vários estudos fraseológicos, acreditamos ser necessário rever a conveniência desse tipo de agrupamento taxonômico e discutir a pertinência da nomenclatura, tendo em vista, sobretudo, a não conformidade da classificação com o conteúdo semântico da expressão. Para questionar a adequação dessa classificação são apresentados argumentos como a falta de referência dos nomes internos às expressões idiomáticas e a impossibilidade de recuperação anafórica. Esses traços mostram a inconveniência de se estabelecer uma taxonomia com base em nomes cujos esquemas cognitivos não são evocados e cuja semântica individual não é preservada. In the study of idiomatic expressions, a frequently used taxonomy establishes phraseological categories based on the hyperonymic class of one of the nouns occurring in the expression. A classification has been proposed that includes terms such as zoomorphisms, botanisms, indumentisms, somatisms and gastronomisms, for example. Falar cobras e lagartos (‘to speak ill of’, literally ‘to speak snakes and lizards’ is considered a zoomorfism; on the other hand, plantar bananeira (‘to stand on one’s head’, literally ‘to plant a banana-tree’ is considered a botanism. The present paper takes to question the adequacy and convenience of this kind of classification. Although this taxonomy has been used as

  1. Regulatory function of cytomegalovirus-specific CD4+CD27-CD28- T cells

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Tovar-Salazar, Adriana; Patterson-Bartlett, Julie; Jesser, Renee; Weinberg, Adriana

    2010-01-01

    CMV infection is characterized by high of frequencies of CD27 - CD28 - T cells. Here we demonstrate that CMV-specific CD4 + CD27 - CD28 - cells are regulatory T cells (T R ). CD4 + CD27 - CD28 - cells sorted from CMV-stimulated PBMC of CMV-seropositive donors inhibited de novo CMV-specific proliferation of autologous PBMC in a dose-dependent fashion. Compared with the entire CMV-stimulated CD4 + T-cell population, higher proportions of CD4 + CD27 - CD28 - T R expressed FoxP3, TGFβ, granzyme B, perforin, GITR and PD-1, lower proportions expressed CD127 and PD1-L and similar proportions expressed CD25, CTLA4, Fas-L and GITR-L. CMV-CD4 + CD27 - CD28 - T R expanded in response to IL-2, but not to CMV antigenic restimulation. The anti-proliferative effect of CMV-CD4 + CD27 - CD28 - T R significantly decreased after granzyme B or TGFβ inhibition. The CMV-CD4 + CD27 - CD28 - T R of HIV-infected and uninfected donors had similar phenotypes and anti-proliferative potency, but HIV-infected individuals had higher proportions of CMV-CD4 + CD27 - CD28 - T R . The CMV-CD4 + CD27 - CD28 - T R may contribute to the downregulation of CMV-specific and nonspecific immune responses of CMV-infected individuals.

  2. CMV

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... for Teens (Ages 13-18) Screening Tests for Young Adults (Ages 19-29) Screening Tests for Adults (Ages 30- ... For more information, please read the article Reference Ranges and What They ... Most people are infected as children or as young adults and do not experience any significant symptoms ...

  3. Consumo de energia em escalonadores de transações em sistemas de memória transacional em software

    OpenAIRE

    Marques Junior, Ademir [UNESP

    2016-01-01

    O conceito de Memória Transacional foi criado para simplificar a sincronização de dados em memória, necessária para evitar a computação de dados inconsistentes por processadores multinúcleos, que se tornaram padrão devido às limitações encontradas em processadores de um núcleo. Em evolução constante pela busca de desempenho, os escalonadores de transação foram criados como alternativa aos gerenciadores de contenção presentes nos Sistemas de Memória Transacional. O consumo de energia é preocup...

  4. Estratégia e estrutura: em busca do alinhamento organizacional em um clube social esportivo

    OpenAIRE

    Cruz Junior,Augusto de Toledo; Carvalho,Marly Monteiro de; Laurindo,Fernando José Barbin

    2005-01-01

    A literatura descreve tipologias de formas organizações, que podem ser divididas em organização baseada em trabalho e organização baseada em conhecimento. A forma de representação mais utilizada é o organograma. Contudo, esta forma de representação não consegue ilustrar adequadamente a dinâmica de funcionamento da organização, sobretudo em organizações em que o conhecimento e a experiência são os ativos-chave. Com o objetivo de investigar o processo de alinhamento entre estratégia e estrutura...

  5. The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of the Pink Stem Borer, <em>Sesamia inferensem>, in Comparison with Four Other Noctuid Moths

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yu-Zhou Du

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available The complete 15,413-bp mitochondrial genome (mitogenome of <em>Sesamia inferensem> (Walker (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae was sequenced and compared with those of four other noctuid moths. All of the mitogenomes analyzed displayed similar characteristics with respect to gene content, genome organization, nucleotide comparison, and codon usages. Twelve-one protein-coding genes (PCGs utilized the standard ATN, but the <em>cox1 em>gene used CGA as the initiation codon; <em>cox1em>, <em>cox2em>, and <em>nad4em> genes had the truncated termination codon T in the <em>S. inferens em>mitogenome. All of the tRNA genes had typical cloverleaf secondary structures except for <em>trnS1(AGNem>, in which the dihydrouridine (DHU arm did not form a stable stem-loop structure. Both the secondary structures of <em>rrnL> and <em>rrnS> genes inferred from the <em>S. inferens em>mitogenome closely resembled those of other noctuid moths. In the A+T-rich region, the conserved motif “ATAGA” followed by a long T-stretch was observed in all noctuid moths, but other specific tandem-repeat elements were more variable. Additionally, the <em>S. inferens em>mitogenome contained a potential stem-loop structure, a duplicated 17-bp repeat element, a decuplicated segment, and a microsatellite “(AT7”, without a poly-A element upstream of the<em> trnM em>in the A+T-rich region. Finally, the phylogenetic relationships were reconstructed based on amino acid sequences of mitochondrial 13 PCGs, which support the traditional morphologically based view of relationships within the Noctuidae.

  6. Screening Commercially Available Entomopathogenic Biocontrol Agents for the Control of <em>Aethina tumidaem> (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae in the UK

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Giles E. Budge

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available The Small hive beetle, <em>Aethina tumidaem>, is an invasive pest of honey bees. Indigenous to sub-Saharan Africa, it has now become established in North America and Australia. It represents a serious threat to European honey bees. Commercially available entomopathogenic agents were screened for their potential to control beetle larvae. Entomopathogenic fungi investigated had minimal impact. The nematodes <em>Steinernema> krausseiem> and <em>S. carpocapsaeem> provided excellent control with 100% mortality of larvae being obtained. Sequential applications of the nematodes following larvae entering sand to pupate also provided excellent control for up to 3 weeks. The information gained supports the development of contingency plans to deal with <em>A. tumidaem> should it occur in the UK, and is relevant to the management of Small hive beetle where it is already present.

  7. Ventilação de alta freqüência em crianças e adolescentes com síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo (impacto sobre o uso de ecmo High-frequency ventilation in children and adolescents with acute respiratory distress syndrome (impact on the use of ecmo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lucília Santana Faria

    2007-06-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito da ventilação de alta freqüência (VAF em crianças e adolescentes com síndrome do desconforto respiratório (SDRA por meio de estimativas de sobrevida e tempo de ventilação. Verificar se a VAF reduziu a indicação de oxigenação de membrana extracorpórea (ECMO em crianças e adolescentes com SDRA. MÉTODOS: A técnica empregada foi uma revisão sistemática da literatura médica sobre o uso de VAF e ECMO em crianças e adolescentes com SDRA. O levantamento bibliográfico utilizou os bancos de dados Medline, Lilacs e Embase. Os termos utilizados para pesquisa foram: adult respiratory distress syndrome, ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome, respiratory distress syndrome, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, ECMO, high-frequency ventilation, high-frequency jet ventilation e high-frequency oscillatory ventilation. Foram procurados ensaios clínicos controlados e randomizados, estudos de coorte e série de casos que comparavam VAF com ventilação mecânica convencional (VMC, ECMO com VMC ou VAF precedendo o uso de ECMO. RESULTADOS: Foram identificadas 289 publicações relacionadas a VAF, SDRA e ECMO. Destas, apenas nove atendiam aos critérios de seleção pré-estabelecidos referindo-se a utilização de VAF e/ou ECMO em crianças e adolescentes com SDRA. CONCLUSÃO: Não foi possível confirmar se o uso de VAF melhora a sobrevida de crianças e adolescentes com SDRA. Quanto ao tempo de ventilação, não houve estudo que comprovasse, com significância estatística, a sua redução ou aumento. Não foi possível verificar se VAF diminui ou não a indicação de ECMO em crianças e adolescentes com SDRA.OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of high-frequency ventilation (HFV in children and adolescents with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS through estimates of survival rate and time of ventilation. To verify whether HFV can reduce the indication for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO in children

  8. Co-Autoria em Ensino e Pesquisa em Administração e Contabilidade no Brasil: Uma Década em Análise

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lélis Balestrin Espartel

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available Uma das principais tendências verificadas nos últimos anos é o aumento da colaboração científica, caracterizada pela co-autoria. Muitos autores destacam a importância do tema e indicam o crescimento da co-autoria na produção acadêmica. Entretanto, em âmbito nacional, nenhum trabalho considerou a análise de co-autoria no campo da Administração. Com base nisso, este estudo, de caráter bibliométrico, analisou os artigos publicados em co-autoria nos anais dos congressos promovidos pela ANPAD no período entre 2001 e 2010, perfazendo 12 eventos: 10 Encontros da ANPAD (EnANPAD e 2 Encontros de Ensino e Pesquisa em Administração e Contabilidade (EnEPQ. Ao total foram investigados 778 trabalhos. De uma forma geral, nota-se que grande parte dos trabalhos conduzidos em Administração no Brasil, na última década, utiliza a co-autoria. Quanto ao formato dos artigos, observa-se que a co-autoria prevalece nos estudos empíricos, enquanto os estudos teóricos são desenvolvidos, em sua maioria, por um único autor. No caso dos trabalhos teóricos, elaborados em co-autoria, nota-se, em média, um número menor de autores do que em trabalhos empíricos. Dentre os empíricos realizados em co-autoria, também há diferenças significativas, sendo que os trabalhos quantitativos apresentaram uma média de autores superior a dos artigos qualitativos. Também foi realizada uma análise da rede formada pelas 197 IES identificadas, fazendo considerações sobre a sua densidade, distância geodésica média, centralização e proximidade entre os elos. Acrescido a estas análises, discussões e considerações a respeito da co-autoria em Administração também são apresentadas no artigo. Sugestões de pesquisas futuras são propostas.

  9. Women's attitudes toward practicing cytomegalovirus prevention behaviors

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rosemary Thackeray

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV infection causes severe disabilities and developmental delays. Women's awareness of CMV is low. Only about half of healthcare providers report counseling women about behaviors to reduce CMV risk and public health education is limited. Routine CMV counseling is not recommend. Providers may lack time to counsel women; other conditions may take priority for counseling; there may be a perception that women are reluctant to follow advice. This cross-sectional descriptive study examined women's attitudes toward CMV prevention behaviors. Data were collected from an online panel of 840 U.S. women 18–40 years of age, who had a child <5 years of age, and were pregnant or planning a pregnancy in the next 12 months. Questions assessed CMV awareness, frequency of past behaviors that transmit CMV, and attitudes toward eight CMV prevention behaviors. Only 15.5% of women were somewhat or very familiar with CMV. Very few women (6.1% reported hearing from their provider about CMV. Women held positive attitudes toward the CMV prevention behaviors and perceived them as feasible. Least positive attitudes were toward not kissing a child on the lips and not sharing foods. Predictors of positive attitudes were CMV awareness, past behavior, talking to a healthcare provider, and perceived risk reduction. Healthcare providers and public health practitioners should collaborate to increase CMV awareness. Encouraging behaviors to reduce saliva sharing may result in greater gains in reducing CMV infection.

  10. Cloning, Phylogenetic Analysis and 3D Modeling of a Putative Lysosomal Acid Lipase from the Camel, <em>Camelus dromedariusem>

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Farid Shokry Ataya

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available Acid lipase belongs to a family of enzymes that is mainly present in lysosomes of different organs and the stomach. It is characterized by its capacity to withstand acidic conditions while maintaining high lipolytic activity. We cloned for the first time the full coding sequence of camel’s lysosomal acid lipase, <em>cLIPA em>using RT-PCR technique (Genbank accession numbers JF803951 and AEG75815, for the nucleotide and aminoacid sequences respectively. The cDNA sequencing revealed an open reading frame of 1,197 nucleotides that encodes a protein of 399 aminoacids which was similar to that from<em> em>other related mammalian species. Bioinformatic analysis was used to determine the aminoacid sequence, 3D structure and phylogeny of cLIPA. Bioinformatics analysis suggested the molecular weight of the translated protein to be 45.57 kDa, which could be decreased to 43.16 kDa after the removal of a signal peptide comprising the first 21 aminoacids. The deduced <em>cLIPA em>sequences exhibited high identity with <em>Equus caballus em>(86%, <em>Numascus leucogenysem> (85%, <em>Homo sapiensem> (84%,<em> Sus scrofaem> (84%, <em>Bos taurus em>(82% and <em>Ovis aries em>(81%. cLIPA shows high aminoacid sequence identity with human and dog-gastric lipases (58%, and 59% respectively which makes it relevant to build a 3D structure model for cLIPA. The comparison confirms the presence of the catalytic triad and the oxyanion hole in cLIPA. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that camel <em>cLIPA em>is grouped with monkey, human, pig, cow and goat. The level of expression of <em>cLIPA em>in five camel tissues was examined using Real Time-PCR. The highest level of <em>cLIPA em>transcript was found in the camel testis (162%, followed by spleen (129%, liver (100%, kidney (20.5% and lung (17.4%.

  11. Paracoccidioidomicose em crianças em Belém do Pará

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    Fonseca Eliane R.S.

    1999-01-01

    Full Text Available No período janeiro de 1985 e julho de 1996 foram observados 102 casos de paracoccidioidomicose em hospital de Belém, PA. Treze pacientes eram crianças entre 3 e 13 anos de idade, com predomínio do sexo feminino (8:5. Todos apresentavam a forma disseminada subaguda da micose. É comentada a alta prevalência da micose em crianças em áreas endêmicas da Região Amazônica.

  12. Impact of minimum contrast media volumes during elective percutaneous coronary intervention for prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy in patients with stable coronary artery disease.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ebisawa, Soichiro; Kurita, Tairo; Tanaka, Nobuyoshi; Nasu, Kenya; Kimura, Masashi; Ito, Tatsuya; Kinoshita, Yoshihisa; Tsuchikane, Etsuo; Terashima, Mitsuyasu; Suzuki, Takahiko

    2016-01-01

    Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is an important complication following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The clinical importance of a minimum contrast media volume (CMV) for PCI to prevent CIN has not been well evaluated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of minimum CMV to prevent CIN after PCI. In this study, 2052 consecutive patients who underwent elective PCI in our institute were analyzed. We divided patients into two groups according to CMV: a minimum CMV PCI group [CMV ≤50 ml (n = 94)] and a non-minimum CMV PCI group [CMV >50 ml (n = 1958)]. CIN occurred in 160 (7.8 %) patients. The incidence of CIN was significantly lower in the minimum CMV PCI group than in the non-minimum CMV PCI group (2.1 vs. 8.1 %; P = 0.03). According to multivariate analysis, elderly patients and diabetes mellitus patients were at high risk of developing CIN in this study population. When analyzing only high-risk patients, the incidence of CIN was also significantly lower in the minimum CMV group than in the non-minimum CMV group (2.6 vs. 10.3 %; P = 0.03). Minimum CMV PCI could reduce the incidence of CIN, particularly in high-risk patients; as such, defining the minimum CMV clinical cut-off values may be useful for the prevention of CIN.

  13. Prevalence, Characteristics, and One-Year Follow-Up of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection in Isfahan City, Iran

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    Pegah Karimian

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Introduction. Need of neonatal screening for Cytomegalovirus (CMV infection is under debate, in part because of limited data on importance of the disease regarding the prevalence of congenital CMV (cCMV infection and associated morbidity and mortality. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence and prognosis of cCMV infection in Iran, where there is high maternal seroprevalence of CMV. Methodology. This prospective study was conducted in Isfahan city, Iran, from 2014 to 2016. CMV was investigated in urine specimens by using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR method. CMV-infected infants were examined for clinical and laboratory findings attributed to CMV infection and followed up for one year. Results. Among 1617 studied neonates, eight (0.49% were positive for CMV infection. CMV-infected neonates were more likely to be preterm than noninfected ones (25% versus 4.5%, p=0.0508, and they had lower birth weight. Three out of the eight CMV-infected neonates had transient symptoms at birth. At follow-up, one case had mild hearing loss. Most patients had impaired growth during the one-year follow-up. Conclusions. The primary object of this study was determination of prevalence of cCMV infection in Iran as a developing country, which was at the lower range compared with other such countries. cCMV infection may result in short-term impairment in growth.

  14. Development of Microsatellite Markers for the Korean Mussel, <em>Mytilus coruscusem> (Mytilidae Using Next-Generation Sequencing

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    Hye Suck An

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available <em>Mytilus coruscusem> (family Mytilidae is one of the most important marine shellfish species in Korea. During the past few decades, this species has become endangered due to the loss of habitats and overfishing. Despite this species’ importance, information on its genetic background is scarce. In this study, we developed microsatellite markers for <em>M.> coruscusem> using next-generation sequencing. A total of 263,900 raw reads were obtained from a quarter-plate run on the 454 GS-FLX titanium platform, and 176,327 unique sequences were generated with an average length of 381 bp; 2569 (1.45% sequences contained a minimum of five di- to tetra-nucleotide repeat motifs. Of the 51 loci screened, 46 were amplified successfully, and 22 were polymorphic among 30 individuals, with seven of trinucleotide repeats and three of tetranucleotide repeats. All loci exhibited high genetic variability, with an average of 17.32 alleles per locus, and the mean observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.67 and 0.90, respectively. In addition, cross-amplification was tested for all 22 loci in another congener species, <em>M.> <em>galloprovincialis.> None of the primer pairs resulted in effective amplification, which might be due to their high mutation rates. Our work demonstrated the utility of next-generation 454 sequencing as a method for the rapid and cost-effective identification of microsatellites. The high degree of polymorphism exhibited by the 22 newly developed microsatellites will be useful in future conservation genetic studies of this species.

  15. Current concepts on cytomegalovirus infection after liver transplantation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lee, Sang-Oh; Razonable, Raymund R

    2010-09-27

    Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common viral pathogen that negatively impacts on the outcome of liver transplantation. CMV cause febrile illness often accompanied by bone marrow suppression, and in some cases, invades tissues including the transplanted allograft. In addition, CMV has been significantly associated with an increased predisposition to allograft rejection, accelerated hepatitis C recurrence, and other opportunistic infections, as well as reduced overall patient and allograft survival. To negate the adverse effects of CMV on outcome, its prevention, whether through antiviral prophylaxis or preemptive therapy, is regarded as an essential component to the medical management of liver transplant patients. Two recent guidelines have suggested that antiviral prophylaxis or preemptive therapy are similarly effective in preventing CMV disease in modest-risk CMV-seropositive liver transplant recipients, while antiviral prophylaxis is the preferred strategy over preemptive therapy for the prevention of CMV disease in high-risk recipients [CMV-seronegative recipients of liver allografts from CMV-seropositive donors (D+/R-)]. However, antiviral prophylaxis has only delayed the onset of CMV disease in many CMV D+/R- liver transplant recipients, and at least in one study, such occurrence of late-onset primary CMV disease was significantly associated with increased mortality after liver transplantation. Therefore, optimized strategies for prevention are needed, and aggressive treatment of CMV infection and disease should be pursued. The standard treatment of CMV disease consists of intravenous ganciclovir or oral valganciclovir, and if feasible, one should also reduce the degree of immunosuppression. In one recent controlled clinical trial, valganciclovir was found to be as effective and safe as intravenous ganciclovir for the treatment of mild to moderate CMV disease in solid organ (including liver) transplant recipients. In this article, the authors review the

  16. Using theory-based messages to motivate U.S. pregnant women to prevent cytomegalovirus infection: results from formative research.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Levis, Denise M; Hillard, Christina L; Price, Simani M; Reed-Gross, Erika; Bonilla, Erika; Amin, Minal; Stowell, Jennifer D; Clark, Rebekah; Johnson, Delaney; Mask, Karen; Carpentieri, Cynthia; Cannon, Michael J

    2017-12-14

    An estimated 1 in 150 infants is born each year with congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV); nearly 1 in 750 suffers permanent disabilities. Congenital CMV is the result of a pregnant woman becoming infected with CMV. Educating pregnant women about CMV is currently the best approach to prevention. Limited research is available on how to effectively communicate with women about CMV. We conducted formative research on fear appeals theory-based messages about CMV and prevention with U.S. women. Fear appeal theories suggest that message recipients will take action if they feel fear. First, we conducted in-depth interviews (N = 32) with women who had young children who tested positive for CMV. Second, we conducted eight focus groups (N = 70) in two phases and two cities (Phase 2: Atlanta, GA; Phase 3: San Diego, CA) with pregnant women and non-pregnant women who had young children. Few participants knew about CMV before the focus groups. Participants reviewed and gave feedback on messages created around fear appeals theory-based communication concepts. The following concepts were tested in one or more of the three phases of research: CMV is severe, CMV is common, CMV is preventable, CMV preventive strategies are similar to other behavior changes women make during pregnancy, CMV preventive strategies can be incorporated in moderation to reduce exposure, and CMV is severe but preventable. Participants recommended communicating that CMV is common by using prevalence ratios (e.g., 1 in 150) or comparing CMV to other well-known disabilities. To convey the severity of CMV, participants preferred stories about CMV along with prevention strategies. Participants also welcomed prevention strategies when it included a message about risk reduction. In general, participants said messages were motivating, even if they felt that it could be difficult to make certain behavior changes. Findings from this research can contribute to future efforts to educate pregnant women about CMV

  17. Design of Higher-<em>k> and More Stable Rare Earth Oxides as Gate Dielectrics for Advanced CMOS Devices

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    Yi Zhao

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available High permittivity (<em>k> gate dielectric films are widely studied to substitute SiO2 as gate oxides to suppress the unacceptable gate leakage current when the traditional SiO2 gate oxide becomes ultrathin. For high-<em>k> gate oxides, several material properties are dominantly important. The first one, undoubtedly, is permittivity. It has been well studied by many groups in terms of how to obtain a higher permittivity for popular high-<em>k> oxides, like HfO2 and La2O3. The second one is crystallization behavior. Although it’s still under the debate whether an amorphous film is definitely better than ploy-crystallized oxide film as a gate oxide upon considering the crystal boundaries induced leakage current, the crystallization behavior should be well understood for a high-<em>k> gate oxide because it could also, to some degree, determine the permittivity of the high-<em>k> oxide. Finally, some high-<em>k> gate oxides, especially rare earth oxides (like La2O3, are not stable in air and very hygroscopic, forming hydroxide. This topic has been well investigated in over the years and significant progresses have been achieved. In this paper, I will intensively review the most recent progresses of the experimental and theoretical studies for preparing higher-<em>k> and more stable, in terms of hygroscopic tolerance and crystallization behavior, Hf- and La-based ternary high-<em>k> gate oxides.

  18. Syntheses of Enantiopure Aliphatic Secondary Alcohols and Acetates by Bioresolution with Lipase B from <em>Candida antarcticaem>

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    Richele P. Severino

    2012-07-01

    Full Text Available The lipase B from <em>Candida antarcticaem> (Novozym 435®, CALB efficiently catalyzed the kinetic resolution of some aliphatic secondary alcohols: (±-4-methylpentan-2-ol (1, (±-5-methylhexan-2-ol (3, (±-octan-2-ol (4, (±-heptan-3-ol (5 and (±-oct-1-en-3-ol (6. The lipase showed excellent enantioselectivities in the transesterifications of racemic aliphatic secondary alcohols producing the enantiopure alcohols (>99% <em>ee> and acetates (>99% <em>ee> with good yields. Kinetic resolution of <em>rac>-alcohols was successfully achieved with CALB lipase using simple conditions, vinyl acetate as acylating agent, and hexane as non-polar solvent.

  19. A poliomielite em Sergipe

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    Hélio A. Oliveira

    1994-06-01

    Full Text Available Os autores apresentam estudo retrospectivo da poliomielite em Sergipe. Dividem o estudo em três períodos levando em consideração a taxa de notificação de casos positivos e enfatizam o período que vai de 1979 a 1989, pelo estudo de 159 casos consecutivos. As seguintes informações foram levantadas para cada caso: sexo, idade, procedência, estado vacinai anterior e evolução clínica. São também avaliadas a incidência anual, relação incidência/cobertura vacinai e distribuição geográfica. Tecem comentários sobre os surtos epidêmicos ocorridos em 1984 e 1986, sobre as alterações na circulação do poliovírus selvagem (P1 para P3 e sobre problemas relacionados à não aquisição de imunidade em crianças com esquema vacinal completo. Consideram a poliomielite controlada no Estado, mas enfatizam a necessidade de manutenção de Vigilância epidemiológica efetiva para todos os casos de paralisia aguda e flácida em menores de 14 anos de idade.

  20. Qualidade físico-química e toxicológica de farinha obtida do eixo central de jaca

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    Hyago Costa Sousa

    2016-11-01

    Full Text Available A produção de farinha do eixo central de jaca se apresenta como uma alternativa viável para o aproveitamento dessa parte do fruto e sua utilização na indústria. O projeto foi desenvolvido no Centro de Ciências Humanas, Sociais e Agrárias, Bananeiras-PB pertencente a Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Os frutos foram adquiridos no pomar do CCHSA. As farinhas foram obtidas a partir da secagem do eixo central em quatro diferentes temperaturas 50, 60, 70 e 80 °C. Foi determinada a potencialidade toxicológica frente Artemia Salina do eixo central e de suas respectivas farinhas bem como sua caracterização físico-química. O eixo central de jaca não apresentou toxicidade assim como as farinhas obtidas a 50, 60 e 70 °C. A farinha do eixo central obtida a temperatura de 50 °C apresentou os melhores resultados nas análises físico-químicas.Physicochemical and toxicological quality of flour obtained from the central axis of jackfruitAbstract The production of flour from the central axis of jackfruit is presented as a viable alternative to the use of this part of the fruit and its use in industry. The project was developed in the Humanities Center, Social and Agricultural, Bananeiras-PB belonging to the Federal University of Paraíba. The fruits were purchased in CCHSA orchard. The flour were obtained by drying the central axis at four different temperatures 50, 60, 70 and 80 ° C. It was determined the toxicological potential front Artemia Salina central axis and their respective flours and their physicochemical characterization. The central axis of jackfruit showed no toxicity as well as the flour obtained at 50, 60 and 70 ° C. The flour the central axis obtained at 50 ° C showed the best results in physicochemical analyzes.

  1. Determinação de hemogregarina em Boa constrictor constrictor mantidos em cativeiro

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    Monique A. Luz

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available O presente estudo teve como objetivo determinar a presença de hemogregarina em boídeos mantidos em cativeiro no Estado do Pará, bem como, relacionar a hemoparasitose com pre-disposição sexual, alterações clínicas e hematológicas e a presença de ectoparasitos. Esta pesquisa teve autorização do Sistema de Autorização e Informação em Biodiversidade do Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis para ser realizado. Utilizaram-se 19 serpentes da família Boidae mantidas em cativeiro, pertencentes ao "Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi" (Belém/PA e "Sítio Xerimbabo" (Santo Antônio do Tauá/PA. A pesquisa de hemogregarina foi realizada em esfregaços sanguíneos examinados no aumento de 400x, enquanto que a parasitemia foi determinada contando- se 550 hemácias em aumento de 1000x. Do total de animais estudados (n=19, nove encontraram-se parasitados (47,36%, não havendo correlação entre presença de hemogregarina, pré-disposição sexual, alterações clínicas e hematológicas nas serpentes hospedeiras. A correlação da hemoparasitose foi detectada apenas quanto à presença de ectoparasitas nas serpentes, no entanto, estudos adicionais são necessários para verificar a prevalência de hemogregarinas em animais mantidos em cativeiro no Estado do Pará, visto que, existe grande lacuna de dados na literatura veterinária especializada no que diz respeito à fauna da região amazônica.

  2. RENDENÇÃO E CONFORMISMO EM UMA LINDA MULHER Redenção e conformismo em Uma Linda Mulher

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    Alexander Martins Vianna

    2011-07-01

    Full Text Available

    Este artigo pretende demonstrar a forma como os temas da rendenção individual e do conformismo social são acionados no desenvolvimento da trama nostálgica e na caracterização dos personagens principais do filme “<em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Uma Linda Mulherem>”, assim como, visa a demonstrar o quanto que tais temas estão referidos a um <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">habitusem> <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">culturalem> que determina escolhas conjunturais de estereótipos raciais/morais e de formas estéticas que configuram um tipo de emoção para o enredo que leva à aceitação da <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">solução caridosa burguesa em>‘ style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Middle Classem>’, em chave protestante, de resgate moral e mobilidade social.

    Este artigo pretende demonstrar a forma como os temas da rendenção individual e do conformismo social são acionados no desenvolvimento da trama nostálgica e na caracterização dos personagens principais do filme “<em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Uma Linda Mulherem>”, assim como, visa a demonstrar o quanto que tais temas estão referidos a um <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">habitusem> <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">culturalem> que determina escolhas conjunturais de estereótipos raciais/morais e de formas estéticas que configuram um tipo de emoção para o enredo que leva à aceitação da <em style

  3. Introgression Between Cultivars and Wild Populations of<em> Momordica charantiaem> L. (Cucurbitaceae in Taiwan

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    Yu-Chung Chiang

    2012-05-01

    Full Text Available The landrace strains of <em>Momordica charantia em>are widely cultivated vegetables throughout the tropics and subtropics, but not in Taiwan, a continental island in Southeast Asia, until a few hundred years ago. In contrast, the related wild populations with smaller fruit sizes are native to Taiwan. Because of the introduction of cultivars for agricultural purposes, these two accessions currently exhibit a sympatric or parapatric distribution in Taiwan. In this study, the cultivars<em> em>and wild samples from Taiwan, India, and Korea<em> em>were collected for testing of their hybridization and evolutionary patterns. The cpDNA marker showed a clear distinction between accessions of cultivars and wild populations of Taiwan and a long divergence time. In contrast, an analysis of eight selectively neutral nuclear microsatellite loci did not reveal a difference between the genetic structures of these two accessions. A relatively short divergence time and frequent but asymmetric gene flows were estimated based on the isolation-with-migration model. Historical and current introgression from cultivars to wild populations of Taiwan was also inferred using MIGRATE-n and BayesAss analyses. Our results showed that these two accessions shared abundant common ancestral polymorphisms, and the timing of the divergence and colonization of the Taiwanese wild populations is consistent with the geohistory of the Taiwan Strait land bridge of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM. Long-term and recurrent introgression between accessions indicated the asymmetric capacity to receive foreign genes from other accessions. The modern introduction of cultivars of <em>M>. <em>charantia> during the colonization of Taiwan by the Han Chinese ethnic group enhanced the rate of gene replacement in the native populations and resulted in the loss of native genes.

  4. Characterization, genetic diversity, and evolutionary link of Cucumber mosaic virus strain New Delhi from India.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Koundal, Vikas; Haq, Qazi Mohd Rizwanul; Praveen, Shelly

    2011-02-01

    The genome of Cucumber mosaic virus New Delhi strain (CMV-ND) from India, obtained from tomato, was completely sequenced and compared with full genome sequences of 14 known CMV strains from subgroups I and II, for their genetic diversity. Sequence analysis suggests CMV-ND shares maximum sequence identity at the nucleotide level with a CMV strain from Taiwan. Among all 15 strains of CMV, the encoded protein 2b is least conserved, whereas the coat protein (CP) is most conserved. Sequence identity values and phylogram results indicate that CMV-ND belongs to subgroup I. Based on the recombination detection program result, it appears that CMV is prone to recombination, and different RNA components of CMV-ND have evolved differently. Recombinational analysis of all 15 CMV strains detected maximum recombination breakpoints in RNA2; CP showed the least recombination sites.

  5. Extraction Optimization of Water-Extracted Mycelial Polysaccharide from Endophytic Fungus <em>Fusarium oxysporumem> Dzf17 by Response Surface Methodology

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    Ligang Zhou

    2012-05-01

    Full Text Available Water-extracted mycelial polysaccharide (WPS from the endophytic fungus <em>Fusarium oxysporumem> Dzf17 isolated from <em>Dioscorea zingiberensisem> was found to be an efficient elicitor to enhance diosgenin accumulation in<em> D. zingigerensisem> cultures, and also demonstrated antioxidant activity. In this study, response surface methodology (RSM was employed to optimize the extraction process of WPS from <em>F>. oxysporumem> Dzf17 using Box-Behnken design (BBD. The ranges of the factors investigated were 1–3 h for extraction time (<em>X>1, 80–100 °C for extraction temperature (<em>X>2, and 20–40 (v/w for ratio of water volume (mL to raw material weight (g (<em>X>3. The experimental data obtained were fitted to a second-order polynomial equation using multiple regression analysis. Statistical analysis showed that the polynomial regression model was in good agreement with the experimental results with the determination coefficient (<em>R>2 of 0.9978. By solving the regression equation and analyzing the response surface contour plots, the extraction parameters were optimized as 1.7 h for extraction time, 95 °C for extraction temperature, 39 (v/w for ratio of water volume (mL to raw material weight (g, and with 2 extractions. The maximum value (10.862% of WPS yield was obtained when the WPS extraction process was conducted under the optimal conditions.

  6. Terapia pulpar em dentes decíduos: possibilidades terapêuticas baseadas em evidências

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    Natalino Lourenço Neto

    Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: A pulpotomia em dentes decíduos é uma técnica conservadora de terapia pulpar amplamente utilizada em Odontopediatria, sendo de fundamental importância para evitar a perda prematura desses dentes, quer seja por alterações provocadas pela cárie dentária ou traumatismo dentário. Apesar de ser uma técnica estudada há muitos anos, causa muitas controvérsias e discussões, principalmente em termos de biocompatibilidade dos medicamentos empregados e pelas dificuldades e falhas no diagnóstico da condição pulpar. OBJETIVO: Por meio de uma revisão sistemática da literatura, no período compreendido entre 2000 e 2011, e com enfoque em estudos clínicos randomizados, revisões sistemáticas e meta-análises, este trabalho teve como objetivo discutir, com base em evidências científicas, alternativas para o tratamento de pulpotomia em dentes decíduos humanos. CONCLUSÃO: As evidências científicas fidedignas com o uso de materiais capeadores pulpares e as técnicas de Eletrocirurgia e Laser de Baixa Potência foram escassas. Desta forma, sugere-se a realização de estudos complementares bem delineados estatisticamente para maiores esclarecimentos. As informações geradas em tais experimentos poderão contribuir para um melhor entendimento dos mecanismos da terapia pulpar, podendo gerar o desenvolvimento de protocolos com novas formas terapêuticas, que visam a melhorar a terapia pulpar em dentes decíduos.

  7. A bricolage na pesquisa em educação em enfermagem: Relato de experiência

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    Leonara Raddai Gunther de Campos

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available RESUMO Introdução: Este artigo apresenta um relato de experiência sobre a utilização da bricolage em uma pesquisa educacional em enfermagem. Objetivo: Relatar a experiência do uso da bricolage. Métodos: Primeiramente, foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico sobre o termo e sua utilização em meio científico, em seguida, as autoras apresentam a experiência da aplicação do método em uma pesquisa de Mestrado em Enfermagem. A bricolage possibilitou a combinação de estratégias para a construção dos dados, como a observação participante, entrevista semiestruturada, análise documental e gravação em áudio das sessões tutoriais. A análise dos dados foi uma etapa bem peculiar e criativa, onde as autoras, amparadas pela bricolage criaram seu próprio processo de análise. Conclusões: Dentre os principais resultados são ressaltados as vantagens proporcionadas pela utilização da bricolage, como a captação dos aspectos multilógicos dos fenômenos e desafios. Implicações para a prática: Este relato contribui com novas opções metodológicas para estudos em enfermagem.

  8. Some remarks about biometric characters of skulls of <em>Hippopotamus pentlandiem> Von Meyer (Cannita Cave, Sicily and pleistocene hippopotami of Western Europe / Osservazioni sui caratteri biometrici del cranio di <em>Hippopotamus pentlandiem> Von Meyer della grotta della Cannita (Sicilia e degli ippopotami pleistocenici dell'Europa Occidentale

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    Lucia Caloi

    1986-12-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Biometric data from the examination of skulls of <em>Hippopotamus pentlandiem> Von Meyer (Canninita cave, Palermo, Sicily are compared with the data relative to the skulls of two fossil hippos of european Pleistocene and of the living species <em>Hippopotamus amphibiusem> Linnaeus. Even taking into account the inhomogeneity of the fossil specimens and the deformation suffered by the skulls of <em>H. pentlandiem> from Cannita cave, the examination confirms on one hand the stronger affinity of the sicilian species with the living <em>H. amphibiusem> and from the other hand the peculiarities that characterize this form with respect to the european continental ones. A comparative examination of the biometric characters of the skull of these latter species confirms the greater distance of <em>H. antiquusem> Desmarest from the living species. It is stressed how the relations between the less bulky Pleistocene species (<em>Hippopotamus incognitusem> Faure with <em>H. antiquusem> and with the living <em>H. amphibiusem> have not yet been completely clarified, owing both to the scantiness of the documentation and to the strong variability observed in the biometric characters of the few known skulls. It is noted how, in any case, this fossil form appears more similar to the living <em>H. amphibiusem>. For the moment its distinction at a specific level is accepted, even if with reservation, taking into account also the distinctive elements recognized in the post-cranial skeleton (FAURE, 1985, not examined here. Riassunto Vengono analizzati e posti a confronto i dati biometrici ricavati dall'analisi dei crani di <em>Hippopotamus pentlandiem> Von Heyer della Grotta della Cannita (Palermo, Sicilia, degli ippopotami fossili del Pleistocene continentale europeo e della specie vivente <em>Hippopotamus amphibiusem> Linnaeus. Vengono da un lato confermate le maggiori affinità tra <em>H. pentlandiem

  9. Window period donations during primary cytomegalovirus infection and risk of transfusion-transmitted infections.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ziemann, Malte; Heuft, Hans-Gert; Frank, Kerstin; Kraas, Sabine; Görg, Siegfried; Hennig, Holger

    2013-05-01

    Donors with short interdonation intervals (e.g., apheresis donors) have an increased risk of window period donations. The frequency of cytomegalovirus (CMV) window period donations is important information to decide whether selection of seronegative donors might be advantageous for patients at risk for transfusion-transmitted CMV infections (TT-CMV). CMV seroconversion in 93 donors with positive results in routine CMV antibody testing within at most 35 days after the last seronegative sample was evaluated by Western blot and/or a second antibody test. In donors with unconfirmed seroconversion, an additional later sample was tested. Concentration of CMV DNA was determined in pre- and postseroconversion samples. CMV seroconversion was confirmed in 12 donors (13%). Among these, the last seronegative sample was CMV DNA positive in three donors (25%, below 30 IU/mL). The first seropositive sample was CMV DNA positive in 10 donors (83%, maximum 1600 IU/mL). Both prevalence and median concentration of CMV DNA were higher in the first seropositive sample (p = 0.004 and p = 0.02), with maximum concentrations being reached about 2 weeks after seroconversion. No CMV DNA was detected in samples from donors with unconfirmed seroconversion. At least in donors with short interdonation intervals, most suspected CMV seroconversions are due to false-positive results of the screening test. As window period donations are rare and contain less CMV DNA than the first seropositive donation, avoidance of blood products from primarily seropositive donors is especially helpful to avoid TT-CMV if donors with short interdonation intervals are concerned. © 2013 American Association of Blood Banks.

  10. Congenital Cytomegalovirus among Children with Cerebral Palsy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Smithers-Sheedy, Hayley; Raynes-Greenow, Camille; Badawi, Nadia; Fernandez, Marian A; Kesson, Alison; McIntyre, Sarah; Leung, Kin-Chuen; Jones, Cheryl A

    2017-02-01

    To determine the proportion of children with cerebral palsy (CP) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA detected retrospectively in their newborn screening cards (NBSC), to compare the proportion of children with CMV DNA in their NBSC across spastic subtypes of CP, and to compare the sex and other characteristics of children with CP and CMV detected on their NSBC with those in whom CMV DNA was not detected. Retrospective observational study. Data were extracted from patient records on children with CP (birth years 1996-2014) from 2 Australian state CP registers and state-wide paediatric rehabilitation services with consent. NBSCs were retrospectively analyzed for CMV DNA by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers against gB. Positive samples were validated using real time PCR for CMV UL83. Of 401 children recruited, 323 (80.5%) had an available NBSC. Of these, 31 (9.6%; 95% CI, 6.8-13.3) tested positive for CMV DNA by nested PCR for CMV gB, of whom 28 (8.7%; 95% CI, 6.1-12.2) also had CMV DNA detected by real-time PCR for CMV UL83. Detection of CMV DNA was significantly associated with epilepsy, but not with clinical or epidemiologic characteristics, including sex and pattern of spasticity. CMV viremia in the newborn period, indicating congenital CMV infection, is highly prevalent among children with CP. Further research is needed to investigate the mechanisms and contribution of congenital CMV to the causal pathways to CP. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  11. Enfermagem em cardiologia baseada em evidência

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    Eneida Rejane Rabelo da Silva

    2007-10-01

    Full Text Available Neste artigo apresentamos, dentro do cenário cardiovascular, estudos recentes do nosso grupo. Buscando melhores evidências de enfermagem investigamos por meio de ensaios clínicos randomizados (ECR estratégias de educação e acompanhamento destes pacientes (pctes. O primeiro ECR avaliou o impacto da educação individual e da orientação em grupo no conhecimento sobre doença e autocuidado em pctes com insuficiência cardíaca (IC. No grupo intervenção, houve uma melhora do conhecimento dos cuidados essenciais (controle de sal e da ingesta hídrica, peso diário, realização de atividade física P=0,008, demonstrando que o atendimento em grupo é semelhante ao individual. No ambiente hospitalar, segundo ECR, comparamos o efeito da educação de enfermagem e seguimento telefônico após alta versus educação sem a monitorização por telefone. Demonstramos que intervenção educativa durante a internação melhora o conhecimento da doença, autocuidado e qualidade de vida (P

  12. A new karyotype of <em>Calomyscus> from the Khorasan Province, Iran

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    Esmaeeli Somayeh

    2008-07-01

    Full Text Available Abstract We report a new karyotype of <em>Calomyscus> from two localities of the Khorasan Province (Aghdarband, 36° 11’ 3”N, 60° 44’ 6” E and Khajemorad, 36° 8’ 5” N, 59° 41’ 58” E. Chromosomes were examined by conventional staining and C-banding techniques. The diploid chromosome number (2n and the fundamental autosomal arm number (FNa were 44 and 60 respectively. The autosomal set consisted of 12 pairs of telocentrics, 5 pairs of acrocentrics and 4 pairs of sub-metacentrics. Both heterosomes were small telocentrics. Riassunto Un nuovo cariotipo del genere <em>Calomyscus> dalla provincia di Khorasan, Iran. Si descrive un nuovo cariotipo appartenente al genere <em>Calomyscus>, scoperto in due località della provincia di Khorasan (Aghdarband, 36° 11’ 3”N, 60° 44’ 6” E e Khajemorad, 36° 8’ 5” N, 59° 41’ 58” E. I cromosomi sono stati analizzati con le tecniche standard di colorazione e bandeggio. Il numero diploide di cromosomi (2n e il numero fondamentale di bracci autosomici sono risultati pari a 44 e 60 rispettivamente. Il set di cromosomi autosomici è composto da 12 paia di telocentrici, 5 di acrocentrici e 4 di sub-metacentrici. Entrambi i cromosomi sessuali si presentano come piccoli telocentrici.

  13. Adubação nitrogenada e potássica em bananeira 'Pacovan' (musa AAB, subgrupo prata na chapada do Apodi, Estado do Ceará Nitrogen and potassium fertilization for banana 'Pacovan' (musa AAB, prata subgroup at the Apodi plateau in the State of Ceará

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    Olmar Baller Weber

    2006-04-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito do nitrogênio e do potássio na produção de bananeiras 'Pacovan', sob irrigação, durante três ciclos, e a qualidade dos frutos obtidos no primeiro ciclo de cultivo na chapada do Apodi, no Estado do Ceará, Brasil. A adubação de base consistiu na aplicação de 20 L planta-1 de esterco de curral, 200 g planta-1 de fosfato monoamônico e 100 g planta-1 de FTE-BR12. A partir de 4,5 meses do plantio, mensalmente, aplicou-se 1/12 das doses de N:K2O (180:330; 180:770; 420:330; 420:770; 30:330; 570:770; 180:55; 420:1.045 e 300:550 kg ha-1, utilizando-se como fonte da uréia e do cloreto de potássio. Não houve influência do potássio na produtividade durante os três ciclos de cultivo, sugerindo-se a dose de 55 kg de K2O ha-1 ano-1. Entretanto, a adubação nitrogenada aumentou o número de frutos no cacho durante o segundo ciclo, permitindo estimar a dose ótima (198,3 kg de N ha-1 ano-1. Os teores de sólidos solúveis, açúcares solúveis e acidez titulável total das bananas colhidas durante o primeiro ciclo foram afetados pela adubação nitrogenada e potássica.The objective of this work was to evaluate nitrogen and potassium effects on the production of banana trees 'Pacovan', under irrigation, during three cycles, and the fruit quality during the 1st cycle, at the Apodi plateau in the State of Ceará, Brazil. The basic fertilization consisted of the application of 20 L plant-1 of cattle manure, 200 g plant-1 of mono-ammonium phosphate and 100 g of FTE-BR12 plant-1. Four and a half months aster planting, were applied, monthly, 1/12 of the doses of N:K2O (180:330; 180:770; 420:330; 420:770; 30:330; 570:770; 180:55; 420:1045 e 300:550 kg ha-1, using as source, urea and potassium chloride. The crop productivity was not affected by potassium during three yield cycles, suggesting the dose of 55 kg ha-1 year-1 of K2O. However, the nitrogen fertilization increased the number of fruits on

  14. Protective Effect of <em>T. violaceaem> Rhizome Extract Against Hypercholesterolemia-Induced Oxidative Stress in Wistar Rats

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    Olorunnisola Sinbad Olorunnisola

    2012-05-01

    Full Text Available The present study examines the effect of methanolic extract of <em>T. violaceaem> rhizomes on high cholesterol (2% diet fed rats (HCD. At the end of 4 weeks, serum total protein, albumin, reduced glutathione (GSH, and markers of oxidative stress viz., catalase (CAT, superoxide dismutase (SOD, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS—a marker of lipid peroxidation, glutathione-S-transferase (GST and glutathione peroxidase (GPx in the serum, aorta, liver and heart of HCD and normal rats were assessed and compared. A significant (<em>p> < 0.05 elevation in TBARS, and a reduction (<em>p> < 0.05 in serum total protein, albumin, GSH and antioxidant enzyme activities was observed in tissues of HCD fed rats compared with the normal group. Co-administration of crude extracts of <em>T. violaceaem> rhizomes protected the liver, heart, serum and aorta against HCD-induced lipid peroxidation in a dose dependant manner. The activities of the extract (500 mg/kg compared favorably with gemfibrozil. The extracts also protected against HCD-induced reduction in serum total protein, GSH and restored the activities of antioxidant tissues (liver, heart and aorta enzymes to near normal values. This result suggested that consumption of <em>T. violaceaem> rhizome may help to protect against hypercholesterolemia- induced oxidative stress diseases in the heart and liver.

  15. Ultrasound-Promoted One-Pot, Three-Component Synthesis of Spiro[indoline-3,1'-pyrazolo[1,2-<em>b>]phthalazine] Derivatives<em>>

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    Daqing Shi

    2012-07-01

    Full Text Available A series of 3'-aminospiro[indoline-3,1'-pyrazolo[1,2-<em>b>]phthalazine]-2,5',10'-trione derivatives have been synthesized by a one-pot three-component reaction of isatin, malononitrile or ethyl cyanoacetate and phthalhydrazide catalyzed by piperidine under ultrasound irradiation. For comparison the reactions were carried out under both conventional and ultrasonic conditions. In general, improvement in rates and yields were observed when the reactions were carried out under sonication compared with classical conditions.

  16. Cytomegalovirus and immunotherapy: opportunistic pathogen, novel target for cancer and a promising vaccine vector.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Quinn, Michael; Erkes, Dan A; Snyder, Christopher M

    2016-02-01

    Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a β-herpesvirus that infects most people in the world and is almost always asymptomatic in the healthy host. However, CMV persists for life, requiring continuous immune surveillance to prevent disease and thus, CMV is a frequent complication in immune compromised patients. Many groups have been exploring the potential for adoptive T-cell therapies to control CMV reactivation as well as the progression of solid tumors harboring CMV. In addition, CMV itself is being explored as a vaccine vector for eliciting potent T-cell responses. This review will discuss key features of the basic biology of CMV-specific T cells as well as highlighting unanswered questions and ongoing work in the development of T-cell-based immunotherapies to target CMV.

  17. First Report of Cucumber mosaic virus Isolated from Wild Vigna angularis var. nipponensis in Korea

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    Mi-Kyeong Kim

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available A viral disease causing severe mosaic, necrotic, and yellow symptoms on Vigna angularis var. nipponensis was prevalent around Suwon area in Korea. The causal virus was characterized as Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV on the basis of biological and nucleotide sequence properties of RNAs 1, 2 and 3 and named as CMV-wVa. CMV-wVa isolate caused mosaic symptoms on indicator plants, Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi-nc, Petunia hybrida, and Cucumis sativus. Strikingly, CMV-wVa induced severe mosaic and malformation on Cucurbita pepo, and Solanum lycopersicum. Moreover, it caused necrotic or mosaic symptoms on V. angularis and V. radiate of Fabaceae. Symptoms of necrotic local or pin point were observed on inoculated leaves of V. unguiculata, Vicia fava, Pisum sativum and Phaseolus vulgaris. However, CMV-wVa isolate failed to infect in Glycine max cvs. ‘Sorok’, ‘Sodam’ and ‘Somyeong’. To assess genetic variation between CMV-wVa and the other known CMV isolates, phylogenetic analysis using 16 complete nucleotide sequences of CMV RNA1, RNA2, and RNA3 including CMV-wVa was performed. CMV-wVa was more closely related to CMV isolates belonging to CMV subgroup I showing about 85.1–100% nucleotide sequences identity to those of subgroup I isolates. This is the first report of CMV as the causal virus infecting wild Vigna angularis var. nipponensis in Korea.

  18. Educating women about congenital cytomegalovirus: assessment of health education materials through a web-based survey.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Price, Simani M; Bonilla, Erika; Zador, Paul; Levis, Denise M; Kilgo, Christina L; Cannon, Michael J

    2014-11-30

    Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common congenital infection in the U.S. and can result in permanent disabilities, such as hearing and vision loss, intellectual disability, and psychomotor and language impairments. Women can adopt prevention behaviors in an attempt to reduce their exposure to CMV. Currently, few women are familiar with CMV. To increase awareness of CMV, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) developed draft health education materials. The purpose of this study was to pilot test two health education materials to gauge their appeal and to determine if they increase knowledge about CMV and motivate audiences to seek additional information on CMV and adopt CMV prevention behaviors. African-American (n = 404) and Caucasian women (n = 405), who had a young child and were either pregnant or planning a pregnancy, were recruited to participate in a 15-minute web survey. Participants were randomly assigned to view one of two CMV health education materials, either a factsheet or video. Pre and post survey measures were used to assess changes in knowledge of CMV and motivation to adopt prevention behaviors. We also examined audience preferences regarding materials and motivation. CMV knowledge score increased significantly after presentation of either the video or factsheet (from 3.7 out of 10 to 9.1 out of 10, p knowledge score, and viewing the video (vs. factsheet) were significantly positively associated with increased support for CMV prevention behaviors. Overall, we found that the health education materials improved women's knowledge of CMV and encouraged them to adopt prevention behaviors. Given the low awareness levels among women currently, these findings suggest that appropriate education materials have the potential to greatly increase knowledge of CMV. As women become more knowledgeable about CMV and transmission routes, we expect they will be more likely to adopt prevention behaviors, thereby reducing their risk of

  19. Chemical Composition of Essential Oils of <em>Litsea cubebaem> Harvested from Its Distribution Areas in China

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    Qinqin Cui

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available <em>Litsea cubebaem> (Lour. Pers. is a promising industrial crop with fruits rich in essential oils. The chemical composition of essential oils of <em>L. cubebaem> (EOLC were determined for fruits harvested from eight regions in China. The overall essential oil content, obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS, ranged from 3.04% to 4.56%. In total, 59 compounds were identified, the dominant components being monoterpenes (94.4–98.4%, represented mainly by neral and geranial (78.7–87.4%. D-Limonene was unexpectedly a lesser constituent (0.7–5.3% in fruits, which differed from previous reports (6.0–14.6%. Several components were only detected in certain regions and compounds such as <em>o>-cymene and eremophilene have never before been reported in EOLC. These results demonstrate significant regional variation in the chemical composition of EOLC. This investigation provides important information with regard to the bioactivity, breeding work and industrial applications of <em>L. cubebaem>.

  20. Cytomegalovirus Infection among Infants in California Neonatal Intensive Care Units, 2005–2010

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lanzieri, Tatiana M.; Bialek, Stephanie R.; Bennett, Mihoko V.; Gould, Jeffrey B.

    2016-01-01

    Aim Assess the burden of congenital and perinatal cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease among infants hospitalized in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Methods CMV infection was defined as a report of positive CMV viral culture or PCR at any time since birth in an infant hospitalized in a NICU reporting to California Perinatal Quality Care Collaborative during 2005–2010. Results 156 (1.7 per 1000) infants were reported with CMV infection, representing an estimated 5% of the expected number of live births with symptomatic CMV disease. Prevalence was higher among infants with younger gestational ages and lower birth weights. Infants with CMV infection had significantly longer hospital stays; 14 (9%) died. Conclusions Reported prevalence of CMV infection in NICUs represents a fraction of total expected disease burden from CMV in the newborn period, likely resulting from underdiagnosis and milder symptomatic cases that do not require NICU care. More complete ascertainment of infants with congenital CMV infection that would benefit from antiviral treatment may reduce the burden of CMV disease in this population. PMID:24334425