Electron paramagnetic resonance of gamma irradiated (CH3)3NHClO4 and CH3NH3ClO4 single crystals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yavuz, Metin; Koeksal, Fevzi

1999-01-01

Gamma irradiation damage centers in (CH 3 ) 3 NHClO 4 and CH 3 NH 3 ClO 4 single crystals have been investigated at room temperature by the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) technique. It has been found that γ-irradiation produces the (CH 3 ) 3 N + radical in the first, and NH + 3 and ClO 3 radicals in the second compound. The EPR parameters of the observed radicals have been determined and discussed

Mixed-ligand complexes of technetium-III. Synthesis and characterization of [bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane]tetrakis(trimethylphosphite)tech netium(I) hexafluorophosphate, [Tc(DPPE)(TMP)4]PF6

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abram, U.; Beyer, R.; Muenze, R.; Stach, J.; Kaden, L.; Lorenz, B.; Findeisen, M.

1989-01-01

The diamagnetic technetium(I) complex [Tc(DPPE)(TMP) 4 ]PF 6 was prepared from [Tc(N 2 )H(DPPE) 2 ] and characterized by elemental analysis. 1 H- and 99 Tc-NMR spectroscopy and fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry. [Tc(DPPE)(TMP) 4 ]PF 6 is a prototype compound for technetium complexes with mixed phosphine-phosphite coordination spheres. (author)

Zero-Pressure Organic Superconductor: Di-(Tetramethyltetraselenafulvalenium)-Perchlorate [(TMTSF)2ClO4

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bechgaard, Klaus; da Costa Carneiro, Kim; Olsen, Malte

1981-01-01

Evidence for superconductivity in the organic conductor di-(tetramethyltetraselenafulvalenium)-perchlorate [(TMTSF)2ClO4] has been found by resistance measurements in the absence of applied pressure. For different crystals the transitions are approximately 0.3 K wide and are centered around...

ITER PF6 double pancakes winding line

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Du, Shuangsong [Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei (China); University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei (China); Wen, Wei, E-mail: wenwei@ipp.ac.cn [Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei (China); Chen, Jin; Wu, Weiyue; Song, Yuntao; Shen, Guang [Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei (China)

2017-03-15

Highlights: • ITER PF6 double pancakes “two-in-hand” winding line layout and main parameters were introduced, main winding sequences were also included. • Main features of each winding unit include de-spooling unit, straightening unit, sandblasting and cleaning unit, bending unit, turn insulation wrapping head, rotary table and automatic control system were depicted. • PF6 double pancake winding line was commissioned with PF5 empty jacket conductor after the installation and testing of each unit, ±0.5 mm turn positioning and ±2 turn to turn deviations were achieved. - Abstract: The Poloidal Field (PF) coils are one of the main sub-systems of the ITER magnets. The PF6 coil is being manufactured by the Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ASIPP) as per the Poloidal Field coils cooperation agreement signed between ASIPP and Fusion for Energy (F4E).The ITER PF6 winding pack is composed by stacking of 9 double pancakes. Each double pancake is wound with a “two-in-hand” configuration. This paper describes the ITER PF6 double pancakes winding line, including layout and main parameters of the winding line, features of main units and the commissioning trial with PF5 empty jacket conductor.

Reorientations in [Mg(H2O)6](CLO4)2 studied by the proton magnetic resonance and the quasielastic neutron scattering methods

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Svare, I.; Fimland, B.O.; Janik, J.A.; Janik, J.M.; Mikuli, E.; Migdal-Mikuli, A.

1980-01-01

Proton magnetic relaxation measurements carried out for [Mg(H 2 O)XL6](CLO 4 ) 2 revealed two processes responsible for T 1 vs temperature dependence: one connected with H 2 O 180deg flips about the symmetry axes and second connected with a tumbling of the complex cation. Quasielastic neutron scattering measurements gave another evidence of H 2 O 180deg flips. The reorientational corelation times, which in the 273 K - 325 K region are of the order of picoseconds, as derived from NMR coincide perfectly well with those derived from QNS. (author)

1.3.3. Synthesis, characterization and crystal structure of a new ruthenium polypyridyl complex [Ru(phen2(4,4'-dicarboxy-2,2'- bipyridine]PF6

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jiaxi Chen, Jing Sun*, Jufang Kong, Wenxiu Chen and Hongqing Hao*

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Abstract: A new Ru(II polypyridyl complex, [Ru(phen2(4,4'-dicarboxy-2,2'-bipyridine]PF6·1.5H2O, was synthesized andcharacterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, elementalanalyses, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, infraredspectra, ultraviolet (UV spectra, and emission spectra. Thestructure of the cation [Ru(phen2(4,4'-(COO-,(COOH-2,2'-bpy]+ consists of a six-coordinated ruthenium atom chelated bytwo phen ligands and one 4,4'-dicarboxy-2,2'-bipyridine ligand.The absorption spectrum of the Ru(II complex is characterizedby two intense ligand-centered transitions in the UV region andone metal to ligand charge transfer in the visible region. Moreover,the complex can display luminescence in water at roomtemperature, with maximum emission at 623 nm.Supporting information: Cif file

PF4-HIT antibody (KKO) complexes activate broad innate immune and inflammatory responses.

Science.gov (United States)

Haile, Lydia A; Rao, Roshni; Polumuri, Swamy K; Arepally, Gowthami M; Keire, David A; Verthelyi, Daniela; Sommers, Cynthia D

2017-11-01

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is an immune-mediated complication of heparin anticoagulation therapy resulting in thrombocytopenia frequently accompanied by thrombosis. Current evidence suggests that HIT is associated with antibodies developed in response to multi-molecular complexes formed by platelet factor 4 (PF4) bound to heparin or cell surface glycosaminoglycans. These antibody complexes activate platelets and monocytes typically through FcγRIIA receptors increasing the production of PF4, inflammatory mediators, tissue factor and thrombin. The influence of underlying events in HIT including complex-induced pro-inflammatory cell activation and structural determinants leading to local inflammatory responses are not fully understood. The stoichiometry and complex component requirements were determined by incubating fresh peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with different concentrations of unfractionated heparin (H), low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), PF4- and anti-PF4-H complex antibodies (KKO). Cytokine mRNA or protein were measured by qRT-PCR or Meso Scale Discovery technology, respectively. Gene expression profile analysis for 594 genes was performed using Nanostring technology and analyzed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software. The data show that antibodies magnify immune responses induced in PBMCs by PF4 alone or in complex with heparin or LMWH. We propose that following induction of HIT antibodies by heparin-PF4 complexes, binding of the antibodies to PF4 is sufficient to induce a local pro-inflammatory response which may play a role in the progression of HIT. In vitro assays using PBMCs may be useful in characterizing local inflammatory and innate immune responses induced by HIT antibodies in the presence of PF4 and different sources of heparins. The findings and conclusions in this article are solely the responsibility of the authors and are not being formally disseminated by the Food and Drug Administration. Thus, they should not be

Influence of an electric field on photostimulated states in NH4BPh4 films

Science.gov (United States)

Antonova, O. V.; Nadolinny, V. A.; Il'inchik, E. A.; Trubin, S. V.

2012-10-01

The influence of an electric field on stable photostimulated triplet states of NH4BPh4 at a temperature of 77 K have been studied by EPR spectroscopy. It has been established that, on exposure to UV radiation, electron capture by traps in the band gaps takes place with formation of triplet state. After application of an electric field, triplet states are destructed because, with an increase in the applied voltage, a gradual inclination of energy bands takes place and electrons found in traps on different energy levels are released. The assumption that captured electrons are found in traps on different energy levels is confirmed by earlier studies of thermoluminescence spectra.

Rate theory of solvent exchange and kinetics of Li(+) - BF4 (-)/PF6 (-) ion pairs in acetonitrile.

Science.gov (United States)

Dang, Liem X; Chang, Tsun-Mei

2016-09-07

In this paper, we describe our efforts to apply rate theories in studies of solvent exchange around Li(+) and the kinetics of ion pairings in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). We report one of the first computer simulations of the exchange dynamics around solvated Li(+) in acetonitrile (ACN), which is a common solvent used in LIBs. We also provide details of the ion-pairing kinetics of Li(+)-[BF4] and Li(+)-[PF6] in ACN. Using our polarizable force-field models and employing classical rate theories of chemical reactions, we examine the ACN exchange process between the first and second solvation shells around Li(+). We calculate exchange rates using transition state theory and weighted them with the transmission coefficients determined by the reactive flux, Impey, Madden, and McDonald approaches, and Grote-Hynes theory. We found the relaxation times changed from 180 ps to 4600 ps and from 30 ps to 280 ps for Li(+)-[BF4] and Li(+)-[PF6] ion pairs, respectively. These results confirm that the solvent response to the kinetics of ion pairing is significant. Our results also show that, in addition to affecting the free energy of solvation into ACN, the anion type also should significantly influence the kinetics of ion pairing. These results will increase our understanding of the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of LIB systems.

Rational synthesis of high nuclearity Mo/Fe/S clusters: the reductive coupling approach in the convenient synthesis of (Cl(4)-cat)(2)Mo(2)Fe(6)S(8)(PR(3))(6) [R = Et, (n)Pr, (n)Bu] and the new [(Cl(4)-cat)(2)Mo(2)Fe(2)S(3)O(PEt(3))(3)Cl]-1/2(Fe(PEt(3))(2)(MeCN)(4)) and (Cl(4)-cat)(2)Mo(2)Fe(3)S(5)(PEt(3))(5) clusters.

Science.gov (United States)

Han, J; Koutmos, M; Ahmad, S A; Coucouvanis, D

2001-11-05

A general method for the synthesis of high nuclearity Mo/Fe/S clusters is presented and involves the reductive coupling of the (Et(4)N)(2)[(Cl(4)-cat)MoOFeS(2)Cl(2)] (I) and (Et(4)N)(2)[Fe(2)S(2)Cl(4)] (II) clusters. The reaction of I and II with Fe(PR(3))(2)Cl(2) or sodium salts of noncoordinating anions such as NaPF(6) or NaBPh(4) in the presence of PR(3) (R = Et, (n)Pr, or (n)Bu) affords (Cl(4)-cat)(2)Mo(2)Fe(6)S(8)(PR(3))(6) [R = Et (IIIa), (n)Pr (IIIb), (n)Bu (IIIc)], Fe(6)S(6)(PEt(3))(4)Cl(2) (IV) and (PF(6))[Fe(6)S(8)(P(n)Pr(3))(6)] (V) as byproducts. The isolation of (Et(4)N)[Fe(PEt(3))Cl(3)] (VI), NaCl, and SPEt(3) supports a reductive coupling mechanism. Cluster IV and V also have been synthesized by the reductive self-coupling of compound II. The reductive coupling reaction between I and II by PEt(3) and NaPF(6) in a 1:1 ratio produces the (Et(4)N)(2)[(Cl(4)-cat)Mo(L)Fe(3)S(4)Cl(3)] clusters [L = MeCN (VIIa), THF (VIIb)]. The hitherto unknown [(Cl(4)-cat)(2)Mo(2)Fe(2)S(3)O(PEt(3))(3)Cl](+) cluster (VIII) has been isolated as the 2:1 salt of the (Fe(PEt(3))(2)(MeCN)(4))(2+) cation after the reductive self-coupling reaction of I in the presence of Fe(PEt(3))(2)Cl(2). Cluster VIII crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/c with a = 11.098(3) A, b = 22.827(6) A, c = 25.855(6) A, beta = 91.680(4) degrees, and Z = 4. The formal oxidation states of metal atoms in VIII have been assigned as Mo(III), Mo(IV), Fe(II), and Fe(III) on the basis of zero-field Mössbauer spectra. The Fe(PEt(3))(2)(MeCN)(4) cation of VIII is also synthesized independently, isolated as the BPh(4)(-) salt (IX), and has been structurally characterized. The reductive coupling of compound I also affords in low yield the new (Cl(4)-cat)(2)Mo(2)Fe(3)S(5)(PEt(3))(5) cluster (X) as a byproduct. Cluster X crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/n with a = 14.811(3) A, b = 22.188(4) A, c = 21.864(4) A, beta = 100.124(3) degrees, and Z = 4 and the structure shows very short Mo

[Expressions of interleukin-17 and interleukin-8 in the prostatic tissue of the patients with BPH or BPH with inflammation].

Science.gov (United States)

Gao, Rui; Liu, Qi-Xiang; Zhou, Hui-Liang; Cao, Lin-Sheng; Jiang, Tao; Tang, Song-Xi; Ding, Yi-Lang

2017-08-01

To investigate the expressions of interleukin-17 (IL-17) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and BPH complicated with histological inflammation and their significance. According to the results of HE staining, we divided 60 cases of BPH treated by transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) into a BPH group (n = 23) and a BPH with inflammation group (n = 37). We analyzed the clinical data of the patients and determined the mRNA and protein expressions of IL-17 and IL-8 by immunohistochemistry, real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, and Western blot, respectively. Compared with the BPH patients complicated with inflammation, the BPH group showed significantly lower International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) (29.1 ± 6.2 vs 21.6 ± 3.7), quality of life score (QoL) (5.4 ± 1.3 vs 4.4 ± 1.6), postvoid residual urine volume (RUV) (［198.6 ± 15.5］ vs ［98.2 ± 19.3］ ml), prostate volume (［69.2 ± 24.1］ vs ［49.8 ± 16.5］ ml), PSA level (［7.4 ± 1.9］ vs ［2.8 ± 0.8］ μg/L) and serum c-reactive protein content (CRP) (［5.1±2.0］ vs ［1.5±0.6］ mg/L), but a higher maximum urine flow rate (Qmax) (［4.7 ± 2.1］ vs ［8.2 ± 1.8］ ml/s) (all PBPH patients with inflammation, which may play a significant role in the development and progression of BPH.

Mutations in the P-Type Cation-Transporter ATPase 4, PfATP4, Mediate Resistance to Both Aminopyrazole and Spiroindolone Antimalarials

Science.gov (United States)

2015-01-01

Aminopyrazoles are a new class of antimalarial compounds identified in a cellular antiparasitic screen with potent activity against Plasmodium falciparum asexual and sexual stage parasites. To investigate their unknown mechanism of action and thus identify their target, we cultured parasites in the presence of a representative member of the aminopyrazole series, GNF-Pf4492, to select for resistance. Whole genome sequencing of three resistant lines showed that each had acquired independent mutations in a P-type cation-transporter ATPase, PfATP4 (PF3D7_1211900), a protein implicated as the novel Plasmodium spp. target of another, structurally unrelated, class of antimalarials called the spiroindolones and characterized as an important sodium transporter of the cell. Similarly to the spiroindolones, GNF-Pf4492 blocks parasite transmission to mosquitoes and disrupts intracellular sodium homeostasis. Our data demonstrate that PfATP4 plays a critical role in cellular processes, can be inhibited by two distinct antimalarial pharmacophores, and supports the recent observations that PfATP4 is a critical antimalarial target. PMID:25322084

Targeting the CXCR4 pathway using a novel anti-CXCR4 IgG1 antibody (PF-06747143 in chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Manoj K. Kashyap

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background The CXCR4-CXCL12 axis plays an important role in the chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL-microenvironment interaction. Overexpression of CXCR4 has been reported in different hematological malignancies including CLL. Binding of the pro-survival chemokine CXCL12 with its cognate receptor CXCR4 induces cell migration. CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling axis promotes cell survival and proliferation and may contribute to the tropism of leukemia cells towards lymphoid tissues and bone marrow. Therefore, we hypothesized that targeting CXCR4 with an IgG1 antibody, PF-06747143, may constitute an effective therapeutic approach for CLL. Methods Patient-derived primary CLL-B cells were assessed for cytotoxicity in an in vitro model of CLL microenvironment. PF-06747143 was analyzed for cell death induction and for its potential to interfere with the chemokine CXCL12-induced mechanisms, including migration and F-actin polymerization. PF-06747143 in vivo efficacy was determined in a CLL murine xenograft tumor model. Results PF-06747143, a novel-humanized IgG1 CXCR4 antagonist antibody, induced cell death of patient-derived primary CLL-B cells, in presence or absence of stromal cells. Moreover, cell death induction by the antibody was independent of CLL high-risk prognostic markers. The cell death mechanism was dependent on CXCR4 expression, required antibody bivalency, involved reactive oxygen species production, and did not require caspase activation, all characteristics reminiscent of programmed cell death (PCD. PF-06747143 also induced potent B-CLL cytotoxicity via Fc-driven antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC and complement-dependent cytotoxicity activity (CDC. PF-06747143 had significant combinatorial effect with standard of care (SOC agents in B-CLL treatment, including rituximab, fludarabine (F-ara-A, ibrutinib, and bendamustine. In a CLL xenograft model, PF-06747143 decreased tumor burden and improved survival as a monotherapy

An overview of the TA-55, Building PF-4 ventilation system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1994-01-01

An overview of the TA-55, Building PF-4 ventilation system is provided in the following sections. Included are descriptions of the zone configurations, equipment-performance criteria, ventilation support systems, and the ventilation-system evaluation criteria. Section 4.2.1.1 provides a brief discussion of the ventilation system function. Section 4.2.1.2 provides details on the overall system configuration. Details of system interfaces and support systems are provided in Section 4.2.1.3. Section 4.2.1.4 describes instrumentation and control needed to operate the ventilation system. Finally, Sections 4.2.1.5 and 4.2.1.6 describe system surveillance/maintenance and Technical Safety Requirements (TSR) Limitations, respectively. Note that the numerical parameters included in this description are considered nominal; set points and other specifications actually fall within operational bands

An overview of the TA-55, Building PF-4 ventilation system

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1994-02-22

An overview of the TA-55, Building PF-4 ventilation system is provided in the following sections. Included are descriptions of the zone configurations, equipment-performance criteria, ventilation support systems, and the ventilation-system evaluation criteria. Section 4.2.1.1 provides a brief discussion of the ventilation system function. Section 4.2.1.2 provides details on the overall system configuration. Details of system interfaces and support systems are provided in Section 4.2.1.3. Section 4.2.1.4 describes instrumentation and control needed to operate the ventilation system. Finally, Sections 4.2.1.5 and 4.2.1.6 describe system surveillance/maintenance and Technical Safety Requirements (TSR) Limitations, respectively. Note that the numerical parameters included in this description are considered nominal; set points and other specifications actually fall within operational bands.

Studies on the thermal decomposition kinetics of LiPF6 and LiBC4O8

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

WINTEC

ion batteries. The current electrolyte generally used in lithium-ion batteries is mainly composed of LiPF6 and a blend of alkyl carbonates. LiPF6 has been widely adopted for more than a decade, owing to its neces- sary pre-requisites for use in lithium ion batteries, for example, it is easily soluble in various solvents, can lead ...

Apparent molar volumes for dilute solutions of NaClO4 and [Co(en) 3](ClO4)3 in D2O and H2O at 278-318 K

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bottomley, G.A.; Glossop, L.G.

1981-01-01

Apparent molar volumes for dilute solutions of NaClO 4 and [Co(en) 3 ](ClO 4 ) 3 in D 2 O and H 2 O were measured by using a dilatometry technique at 278, 298 and 318K. Comparison of limiting slopes with the Debye-Huckel predictions from the dielectric constant and compressibility of H 2 O and D 2 O is complicated by ion pairing. The apparent molar volumes for NaClO 4 were less in D 2 O than in H 2 O. The complex [Co(en) 3 ](ClO 4 ) 3 when studied in D 2 O had its amine protons exchanged by deuterium; this did not allow a direct comparison of the apparent molar volumes of the protonated complex in each solvent system, but revealed a large isotope effect. The apparent molar volumes of the [Co(en) 3 ](ClO 4 ) 3 showed a much larger temperature dependence than that of NaClO 4

Li+ solvation and kinetics of Li+-BF4-/PF6- ion pairs in ethylene carbonate. A molecular dynamics study with classical rate theories

Science.gov (United States)

Chang, Tsun-Mei; Dang, Liem X.

2017-10-01

Using our polarizable force-field models and employing classical rate theories of chemical reactions, we examine the ethylene carbonate (EC) exchange process between the first and second solvation shells around Li+ and the dissociation kinetics of ion pairs Li+-[BF4] and Li+-[PF6] in this solvent. We calculate the exchange rates using transition state theory and correct them with transmission coefficients computed by the reactive flux, Impey, Madden, and McDonald approaches, and Grote-Hynes theory. We found that the residence times of EC around Li+ ions varied from 60 to 450 ps, depending on the correction method used. We found that the relaxation times changed significantly from Li+-[BF4] to Li+-[PF6] ion pairs in EC. Our results also show that, in addition to affecting the free energy of dissociation in EC, the anion type also significantly influences the dissociation kinetics of ion pairing.

Heparin-independent, PF4-dependent binding of HIT antibodies to platelets: implications for HIT pathogenesis.

Science.gov (United States)

Padmanabhan, Anand; Jones, Curtis G; Bougie, Daniel W; Curtis, Brian R; McFarland, Janice G; Wang, Demin; Aster, Richard H

2015-01-01

Antibodies specific for platelet factor 4 (PF4)/heparin complexes are the hallmark of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and thrombosis (HIT), but many antibody-positive patients have normal platelet counts. The basis for this is not fully understood, but it is believed that antibodies testing positive in the serotonin release assay (SRA) are the most likely to cause disease. We addressed this issue by characterizing PF4-dependent binding of HIT antibodies to intact platelets and found that most antibodies testing positive in the SRA, but none of those testing negative, bind to and activate platelets when PF4 is present without any requirement for heparin (P HIT antibodies recognize PF4 in a complex with heparin, only a subset of these antibodies recognize more subtle epitopes induced in PF4 when it binds to CS, the major platelet glycosaminoglycan. Antibodies having this property could explain "delayed HIT" seen in some individuals after discontinuation of heparin and the high risk for thrombosis that persists for weeks in patients recovered from HIT. © 2015 by The American Society of Hematology.

Deposition, Accumulation, and Alteration of Cl(-), NO3(-), ClO4(-) and ClO3(-) Salts in a Hyper-Arid Polar Environment: Mass Balance and Isotopic Constraints

Science.gov (United States)

Jackson, Andrew; Davila, Alfonso F.; Boehlke, J. K.; Sturchio, Neil C.; Sevanthi, Ritesh; Estrada, Nubia; Brundrette, Megan; Lacell, Denis; McKay, Christopher P.; Poghosyan, Armen;

Low-temperature heat capacity and thermodynamic properties of [Re2(Ile)4(H2O)8](ClO4)6 (Re=Nd, Er, Ile=isoleucine)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lan Xiaozheng; Tan Zhicheng; Liu Beiping; Nan Zhaodong; Sun Lixian; Xu Fen

2003-01-01

The heat capacities of two kinds of rare-earth element solid complexes with isoleucine [Re 2 (Ile) 4 (H 2 O) 8 ](ClO 4 ) 6 (where Re=Nd, Er, and Ile=isoleucine) have been measured by an automatic adiabatic calorimeter in the temperature range from 80 to 370 K. Two solid-solid phase transitions were found from the C p curve of Nd formed complex in the range of 165-175 K with a peak temperature of 167.88 K and in the range of 195-210 K with a peak temperature of 202.13 K. The corresponding molar enthalpies of these phase transitions were determined to be 404.61 J mol -1 and 2.955 kJ mol -1 , respectively. One solid-solid phase transition was found for the Er formed complex in the range of 190-205 K with a peak temperature of 193.42 K. The corresponding molar enthalpy of this transition was 14.11 kJ mol -1 . Smooth heat capacities and thermodynamic functions relative to the standard state (298.15 K), H T -H 298.15 , S T -S 298.15 and -[G T -G 298.15 ], of the two compounds, were calculated on basis of experimental heat capacity data. Possible mechanisms of thermal decompositions for the pair of compounds were suggested according to the thermogravimetric (TG) analysis

Pitting corrosion of Al and Al-Cu alloys by ClO4- ions in neutral sulphate solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Amin, Mohammed A.; Abd El Rehim, Sayed S.; Moussa, S.O.; Ellithy, Abdallah S.

2008-01-01

The influence of various concentrations of NaClO 4 , as a pitting corrosion agent, on the corrosion behaviour of pure Al, and two Al-Cu alloys, namely (Al + 2.5 wt% Cu) and (Al + 7 wt% Cu) alloys in 1.0 M Na 2 SO 4 solution was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization and potentiostatic techniques at 25 deg. C. Measurements were conducted under the influence of various experimental conditions, complemented by ex situ energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examinations of the electrode surface. In free perchlorate sulphate solutions, for the three Al samples, the anodic polarization exhibits an active/passive transition. The active dissolution region involves an anodic peak (peak A) which is assigned to the formation of Al 2 O 3 passive film on the electrode surface. The passive region extends up to 1500 mV with almost constant current density (j pass ) without exhibiting a critical breakdown potential or showing any evidence of pitting attack. For the three Al samples, addition of ClO 4 - ions to the sulphate solution stimulates their active anodic dissolution and tends to induce pitting corrosion within the oxide passive region. Pitting corrosion was confirmed by SEM examination of the electrode surface. The pitting potential decreases with increasing ClO 4 - ion concentration indicating a decrease in pitting corrosion resistance. The susceptibility of the three Al samples towards pitting corrosion decreases in the order: Al > (Al + 2.5 wt% Cu) alloy > (Al + 7 wt% Cu) alloy. Potentiostatic measurements showed that the rate of pitting initiation increases with increasing ClO 4 - ion concentration and applied step anodic potential, while it decreases with increasing %Cu in the Al samples. The inhibitive effect of SO 4 2- ions was also discussed

Protection from radiation injury through oral administration of PF4 gene carried by attenuated salmonella

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhao Lihua; Liu Bin; Yu Xiaofei; Zhang Lei; Han Zhongchao

2005-01-01

Objective: To investigate the in vivo radiation protection effect of PF4 by oral administration of attenuated salmonella as the carrier in mice. Methods: The eukaryotic vector pIRES2-EGFP-carried PF4 gene was transferred into an aroA-autotrophic mutant of salmonella typhimurium (SL3261), which was administered orally to BALBPc mice at 1x10 8 PFu once every interval three days. At 12 hours after the third oral administration the mice were subjected to a total body irradiation (TBI) of 700 cGy by a 60 Co source. The protective effect of SL3261/PF4 was determined by detection GFP ( green fluorescence protein) expression in tissues, peripheral blood count, culture of bone marrow colony-forming cells and survival time of mice. Results: Expression of GFP could be detected in the liver, spleen, intestine, kidney, peripheral blood and bone marrow. On days 7 and 14 after irradiation, Compared to controls, there were obvious differences in number of bone marrow mononuclear cells, CFU-GM (granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming unit ) and HPP-CFC (high proliferating potential-colony-forming cells) of mice treated with SL3261/PF4 (P<0.05) as well as prolongation of the survival time. Conclusion: These data demonstrate for the first time that PF4 protects mice from TBI injury and accelerates recovery of hematopoiesis by oral administration of attenuated salmonella carrying PF4 gene. (authors)

OsO(4) in ionic liquid [Bmim]PF(6): a recyclable and reusable catalyst system for olefin dihydroxylation. remarkable effect of DMAP.

Science.gov (United States)

Yao, Qingwei

2002-06-27

[reaction: see text] The combination of the ionic liquid [bmim]PF(6) and DMAP provides a most simple and practical approach to the immobilization of OsO(4) as catalyst for olefin dihydroxylation. Both the catalyst and the ionic liquid can be repeatedly recycled and reused in the dihydroxylation of a variety of olefins with only a very slight drop in catalyst activity.

Rate theory of solvent exchange and kinetics of Li+ − BF4−/PF6− ion pairs in acetonitrile

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dang, Liem X.; Chang, Tsun-Mei

2016-01-01

In this paper, we describe our efforts to apply rate theories in studies of solvent exchange around Li + and the kinetics of ion pairings in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). We report one of the first computer simulations of the exchange dynamics around solvated Li + in acetonitrile (ACN), which is a common solvent used in LIBs. We also provide details of the ion-pairing kinetics of Li + -[BF 4 ] and Li + -[PF 6 ] in ACN. Using our polarizable force-field models and employing classical rate theories of chemical reactions, we examine the ACN exchange process between the first and second solvation shells around Li + . We calculate exchange rates using transition state theory and weighted them with the transmission coefficients determined by the reactive flux, Impey, Madden, and McDonald approaches, and Grote-Hynes theory. We found the relaxation times changed from 180 ps to 4600 ps and from 30 ps to 280 ps for Li + -[BF 4 ] and Li + -[PF 6 ] ion pairs, respectively. These results confirm that the solvent response to the kinetics of ion pairing is significant. Our results also show that, in addition to affecting the free energy of solvation into ACN, the anion type also should significantly influence the kinetics of ion pairing. These results will increase our understanding of the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of LIB systems.

An infrared and Raman study of the reorientational motions and phase transition in and structure of CsPF6

Science.gov (United States)

Heyns, Anton M.; de Waal, Danita

1992-12-01

CsPF6I is face-centered cubic and the PF6- ions are randomly distributed among the six equivalent orientations in the crystal. The ions librate in equilibrium positions for an average time τ, and also jump from one orientation to another in a time which is much shorter than τ. The six different orientations in CsPF6I are of much lower symmetry than the full molecular one. The full vibrational spectra of CsPF6 are reported over the temperature range of 300-4 K and can be analyzed in Phase I in terms of (Oh,C¯4v) where C¯4v denotes the symmetry of the ion and Oh that of the site symmetry S. The polarized Raman spectra of single crystals of CsPF6I are interpreted in terms of all the different orientations of the PF6- ions and excellent agreement is obtained between predicted and experimental results. At 90 K CsPF6 undergoes a phase transition and a crystal structure of P4/nmm-D4h7 is assigned to Phase II. This transition is of the second order and shows behavior which corresponds to those of critical phenomena. An order parameter ξ is defined and a critical constant β is calculated to be equal to 0.3. In CsPF6II two orientations of the PF6- ions exist, both conforming to 4mm-C4v symmetry and the disorder persisting in this phase causes the splitting of the vibrational bands to be fully resolved below 60 K only. An activation energy of ˜3.0 kJ/mol is calculated for the motions of the PF6- ions between 90 and 60 K from the variation of the linewidths and intensities of vibrational bands.

Chemical vapor deposition of NiSi using Ni(PF3)4 and Si3H8

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ishikawa, M.; Muramoto, I.; Machida, H.; Imai, S.; Ogura, A.; Ohshita, Y.

2007-01-01

NiSi x films were deposited using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) with a Ni(PF 3 ) 4 and Si 3 H 8 /H 2 gas system. The step coverage quality of deposited NiSi x was investigated using a horizontal type of hot-wall low pressure CVD reactor, which maintained a constant temperature throughout the deposition area. The step coverage quality improved as a function of the position of the gas flow direction, where PF 3 gas from decomposition of Ni(PF 3 ) 4 increased. By injecting PF 3 gas into the Ni(PF 3 ) 4 and Si 3 H 8 /H 2 gas system, the step coverage quality markedly improved. This improvement in step coverage quality naturally occurred when PF 3 gas was present, indicating a strong relationship. The Si/Ni deposit ratio at 250 deg. C is larger than at 180 deg. C. It caused a decreasing relative deposition rate of Ni to Si. PF 3 molecules appear to be adsorbed on the surface of the deposited film and interfere with faster deposition of active Ni deposition species

Multiple ETS family proteins regulate PF4 gene expression by binding to the same ETS binding site.

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Yoshiaki Okada

Full Text Available In previous studies on the mechanism underlying megakaryocyte-specific gene expression, several ETS motifs were found in each megakaryocyte-specific gene promoter. Although these studies suggested that several ETS family proteins regulate megakaryocyte-specific gene expression, only a few ETS family proteins have been identified. Platelet factor 4 (PF4 is a megakaryocyte-specific gene and its promoter includes multiple ETS motifs. We had previously shown that ETS-1 binds to an ETS motif in the PF4 promoter. However, the functions of the other ETS motifs are still unclear. The goal of this study was to investigate a novel functional ETS motif in the PF4 promoter and identify proteins binding to the motif. In electrophoretic mobility shift assays and a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, FLI-1, ELF-1, and GABP bound to the -51 ETS site. Expression of FLI-1, ELF-1, and GABP activated the PF4 promoter in HepG2 cells. Mutation of a -51 ETS site attenuated FLI-1-, ELF-1-, and GABP-mediated transactivation of the promoter. siRNA analysis demonstrated that FLI-1, ELF-1, and GABP regulate PF4 gene expression in HEL cells. Among these three proteins, only FLI-1 synergistically activated the promoter with GATA-1. In addition, only FLI-1 expression was increased during megakaryocytic differentiation. Finally, the importance of the -51 ETS site for the activation of the PF4 promoter during physiological megakaryocytic differentiation was confirmed by a novel reporter gene assay using in vitro ES cell differentiation system. Together, these data suggest that FLI-1, ELF-1, and GABP regulate PF4 gene expression through the -51 ETS site in megakaryocytes and implicate the differentiation stage-specific regulation of PF4 gene expression by multiple ETS factors.

Thermal Stability of LiPF6 Salt and Li-ion Battery Electrolytes Containing LiPF6

OpenAIRE

Yang, Hui; Zhuang, Guorong V.; Ross Jr., Philip N.

2006-01-01

The thermal stability of the neat LiPF6 salt and of 1 molal solutions of LiPF6 in prototypical Li-ion battery solvents was studied with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and on-line FTIR. Pure LiPF6 salt is thermally stable up to 380 oK in a dry inert atmosphere, and its decomposition path is a simple dissociation producing LiF as solid and PF5 as gaseous products. In the presence of water (300 ppm) in the carrier gas, its decomposition onset temperature is lowered as a result of direct t...

The Plasmodium falciparum exported protein PF3D7_0402000 binds to erythrocyte ankyrin and band 4.1

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shakya, Bikash; Penn, Wesley D.; Nakayasu, Ernesto S.; Lacount, Douglas J.

2017-09-01

Plasmodium falciparum extensively modifies the infected red blood cell (RBC), resulting in changes in deformability, shape and surface properties. These alterations suggest that the RBC cytoskeleton is a major target for modification during infection. However, the molecular mechanisms leading to these changes are largely unknown. To begin to address this question, we screened for exported P. falciparum proteins that bound to the erythrocyte cytoskeleton proteins ankyrin 1 (ANK1) and band 4.1 (4.1R), which form critical interactions with other cytoskeletal proteins that contribute to the deformability and stability of RBCs. Yeast two-hybrid screens with ANK1 and 4.1R identified eight interactions with P. falciparum exported proteins, including an interaction between 4.1R and PF3D7_0402000 (PFD0090c). This interaction was first identified in a large-scale screen (Vignali et al., Malaria J, 7:211, 2008), which also reported an interaction between PF3D7_0402000 and ANK1. We confirmed the interactions of PF3D7_0402000 with 4.1R and ANK1 in pair-wise yeast two-hybrid and co-precipitation assays. In both cases, an intact PHIST domain in PF3D7_0402000 was required for binding. Complex purification followed by mass spectrometry analysis provided additional support for the interaction of PF3D7_0402000 with ANK1 and 4.1R. RBC ghost cells loaded with maltose-binding protein (MBP)-PF3D7_0402000 passed through a metal microsphere column less efficiently than mock- or MBP-loaded controls, consistent with an effect of PF3D7_0402000 on RBC rigidity or membrane stability. This study confirmed the interaction of PF3D7_0402000 with 4.1R in multiple independent assays, provided the first evidence that PF3D7_0402000 also binds to ANK1, and suggested that PF3D7_0402000 affects deformability or membrane stability of uninfected RBC ghosts.

Specific features of spin-variable properties of [Fe(acen)pic2]BPh4 · nH2O

Science.gov (United States)

Ivanova, T. A.; Ovchinnikov, I. V.; Gil'mutdinov, I. F.; Mingalieva, L. V.; Turanova, O. A.; Ivanova, G. I.

2016-02-01

The [Fe(acen)pic2]BPh4 · nH2O compound has been synthesized and studied in the temperature interval of 5-300 K by the methods of EPR and magnetic susceptibility. The existence of ferromagnetic interactions between Fe(III) complexes in this compound has been revealed, in contrast to unhydrated [Fe(acen)pic2]BPh4. The reduction in the integrated intensity of the magnetic resonance signal as the temperature decreases below 80 K has been explained by the transition of high-spin ions to the low-spin state. It has been shown that the phase transition temperature in the presence of intermolecular (ferromagnetic) interactions is lower than that in the case of noninteracting centers.

Thermal stability of LiPF 6 salt and Li-ion battery electrolytes containing LiPF 6

Science.gov (United States)

Yang, Hui; Zhuang, Guorong V.; Ross, Philip N.

The thermal stability of the neat lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6) salt and of 1 molal (m) solutions of LiPF 6 in prototypical Li-ion battery solvents was studied with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and on-line Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). Pure LiPF 6 salt is thermally stable up to 107 °C in a dry inert atmosphere, and its decomposition path is a simple dissociation producing lithium fluoride (LiF) as solid and PF 5 as gaseous products. In the presence of water (300 ppm) in the carrier gas, its decomposition onset temperature is lowered as a result of direct thermal reaction between LiPF 6 and water vapor to form phosphorous oxyfluoride (POF 3) and hydrofluoric acid (HF). No new products were observed in 1 m solutions of LiPF 6 in ethylene carbonate (EC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) by on-line TGA-FTIR analysis. The storage of the same solutions in sealed containers at 85 °C for 300-420 h did not produce any significant quantity of new products as well. In particular, no alkylflurophosphates were found in the solutions after storage at elevated temperature. In the absence of either an impurity like alcohol or cathode active material that may (or may not) act as a catalyst, there is no evidence of thermally induced reaction between LiPF 6 and the prototypical Li-ion battery solvents EC, PC, DMC or EMC.

The FI-SDW formation in (TMTSF)2ClO4 investigated in the infrared

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gerrits, A.M.; Janssen, T.J.B.M.; Brooks, J.S.; Wittlin, A.; Perenboom, J.A.A.J.; Bentum, P.J.M. van

1993-01-01

From a magneto-optical study on (TMTSF) 2 ClO 4 we determine the SDW gap as a function of magnetic field and temperature. The transition temperatures found for the resolved FI-SDW subphases mimic the established phase diagram. Furthermore, the data confirm the existence of a collective excitation of the SDW condensate at relatively high frequency, which implies that this mode is pinned rather strongly to the lattice. In addition, we observed an interesting relaxation effect near the N=0 phase transition. (orig.)

Deposition, accumulation, and alteration of Cl−, NO3−, ClO4− and ClO3− salts in a hyper-arid polar environment: Mass balance and isotopic constraints

Science.gov (United States)

Jackson, Andrew; Davila, Alfonso F.; Böhlke, John Karl; Sturchio, Neil C.; Sevanthi, Ritesh; Estrada, Nubia; Brundrett, Maeghan; Lacelle, Denis; McKay, Christopher P.; Poghosyan, Armen; Pollard, Wayne; Zacny, Kris

2016-01-01

The salt fraction in permafrost soils/sediments of the McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDV) of Antarctica can be used as a proxy for cold desert geochemical processes and paleoclimate reconstruction. Previous analyses of the salt fraction in MDV permafrost soils have largely been conducted in coastal regions where permafrost soils are variably affected by aqueous processes and mixed inputs from marine and stratospheric sources. We expand upon this work by evaluating permafrost soil/sediments in University Valley, located in the ultraxerous zone where both liquid water transport and marine influences are minimal. We determined the abundances of Cl−, NO3−, ClO4− and ClO3− in dry and ice-cemented soil/sediments, snow and glacier ice, and also characterized Cl− and NO3−isotopically. The data are not consistent with salt deposition in a sublimation till, nor with nuclear weapon testing fall-out, and instead point to a dominantly stratospheric source and to varying degrees of post depositional transformation depending on the substrate, from minimal alteration in bare soils to significant alteration (photodegradation and/or volatilization) in snow and glacier ice. Ionic abundances in the dry permafrost layer indicate limited vertical transport under the current climate conditions, likely due to percolation of snowmelt. Subtle changes in ClO4−/NO3− ratios and NO3− isotopic composition with depth and location may reflect both transport related fractionation and depositional history. Low molar ratios of ClO3−/ClO4− in surface soils compared to deposition and other arid systems suggest significant post depositional loss of ClO3−, possibly due to reduction by iron minerals, which may have important implications for oxy-chlorine species on Mars. Salt accumulation varies with distance along the valley and apparent accumulation times based on multiple methods range from ∼10 to 30 kyr near the glacier to 70–200 kyr near the valley mouth. The relatively young age

Syntheses, X-ray structures, solid state high-field electron paramagnetic resonance, and density-functional theory investigations on chloro and aqua Mn(II) mononuclear complexes with amino-pyridine pentadentate ligands.

Science.gov (United States)

Hureau, Christelle; Groni, Sihem; Guillot, Régis; Blondin, Geneviève; Duboc, Carole; Anxolabéhère-Mallart, Elodie

2008-10-20

The two pentadentate amino-pyridine ligands L5(2) and L5(3) (L5(2) and L5(3) stand for the N-methyl-N,N',N'-tris(2-pyridylmethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine and the N-methyl-N,N',N'-tris(2-pyridylmethyl)propane-1,3-diamine, respectively) were used to synthesize four mononuclear Mn(II) complexes, namely [(L5(2))MnCl](PF6) (1(PF6)), [(L5(3))MnCl](PF6) (2(PF6)), [(L5(2))Mn(OH2)](BPh4)2 (3(BPh4)2), and [(L5(3))Mn(OH2)](BPh4)2 (4(BPh4)2). The X-ray diffraction studies revealed different configurations for the ligand L5(n) (n = 2, 3) depending on the sixth exogenous ligand and/or the counterion. Solid state high-field electron paramagnetic resonance spectra were recorded on complexes 1-4 as on previously described mononuclear Mn(II) systems with tetra- or hexadentate amino-pyridine ligands. Positive and negative axial zero-field splitting (ZFS) parameters D were determined whose absolute values ranged from 0.090 to 0.180 cm(-1). Density-functional theory calculations were performed unraveling that, in contrast with chloro systems, the spin-spin and spin-orbit coupling contributions to the D-parameter are comparable for mixed N,O-coordination sphere complexes.

Design and construction of porous metal-organic frameworks based on flexible BPH pillars

Science.gov (United States)

Hao, Xiang-Rong; Yang, Guang-sheng; Shao, Kui-Zhan; Su, Zhong-Min; Yuan, Gang; Wang, Xin-Long

2013-02-01

Three metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), [Co2(BPDC)2(4-BPH)·3DMF]n (1), [Cd2(BPDC)2(4-BPH)2·2DMF]n (2) and [Ni2(BDC)2(3-BPH)2 (H2O)·4DMF]n (3) (H2BPDC=biphenyl-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid, H2BDC=terephthalic acid, BPH=bis(pyridinylethylidene)hydrazine and DMF=N,N'-dimethylformamide), have been solvothermally synthesized based on the insertion of heterogeneous BPH pillars. Framework 1 has "single-pillared" MOF-5-like motif with inner cage diameters of up to 18.6 Å. Framework 2 has "double pillared" MOF-5-like motif with cage diameters of 19.2 Å while 3 has "double pillared" 8-connected framework with channel diameters of 11.0 Å. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) shows that 3 is a dynamic porous framework.

Growth and characterization of benzaldehyde 4-nitro phenyl hydrazone (BPH) single crystal: A proficient second order nonlinear optical material

Science.gov (United States)

Saravanan, M.; Abraham Rajasekar, S.

2016-04-01

The crystals (benzaldehyde 4-nitro phenyl hydrazone (BPH)) appropriate for NLO appliance were grown by the slow cooling method. The solubility and metastable zone width measurement of BPH specimen was studied. The material crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system with noncentrosymmetric space group of Cc. The optical precision in the whole visible region was found to be excellent for non-linear optical claim. Excellence of the grown crystal is ascertained by the HRXRD and etching studies. Laser Damage Threshold and Photoluminescence studies designate that the grown crystal contains less imperfection. The mechanical behaviour of BPH sample at different temperatures was investigated to determine the hardness stability of the grown specimen. The piezoelectric temperament and the relative Second Harmonic Generation (for diverse particle sizes) of the material were also studied. The dielectric studies were executed at varied temperatures and frequencies to investigate the electrical properties. Photoconductivity measurement enumerates consummate of inducing dipoles due to strong incident radiation and also divulge the nonlinear behaviour of the material. The third order nonlinear optical properties of BPH crystals were deliberate by Z-scan method.

High-resolution mapping of the brown planthopper resistance gene Bph6 in rice and characterizing its resistance in the 9311 and Nipponbare near isogenic backgrounds.

Science.gov (United States)

Qiu, Yongfu; Guo, Jianping; Jing, Shengli; Zhu, Lili; He, Guangcun

2010-11-01

Brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål, BPH) is one of the most destructive insect pests of rice. Exploring resistance genes from diverse germplasms and incorporating them into cultivated varieties are critical for controlling this insect. The rice variety Swarnalata was reported to carry a resistance gene (designated Bph6), which has not yet been assigned to a chromosome location and the resistance mechanism is still unknown. In this study, we identified and mapped this gene using the F(2) and backcrossing populations and characterized its resistance in indica 9311 and japonica Nipponbare using near isogenic lines (NILs). In analysis of 9311/Swarnalata F(2) population, the Bph6 gene was located on the long arm of chromosome 4 between the SSR markers RM6997 and RM5742. The gene was further mapped precisely to a 25-kb region delimited between the STS markers Y19 and Y9; and the distance between these markers is 25-kb in Nipponbare genome. The Bph6 explained 77.5% of the phenotypic variance of BPH resistance in F(2) population and 84.9% in BC(2)F(2) population. Allele from Swarnalata significantly increased resistance to the BPH, resulted in a reduced damage score. In characterization of Bph6-mediated resistance, the BPH insects showed significant preference between NIL-9311 and 9311 in 3 h and between NIL-NIP and Nipponbare in 120 h after release. BPH growth and development were inhibited, and the insect's survival rates were lower on Bph6-NIL plants, compared with the parents 9311 and Nipponbare. The results indicate that the Bph6 exerted prolonged antixenotic and antibiotic effects in Bph6-NIL plants, and NIL-9311 plants showed a quicker and stronger effect toward BPH than NIL-NIP plants.

Design and Fabrication of a 200N Thrust Rocket Motor Based on NH4ClO4+Al+HTPB as Solid Propellant

Science.gov (United States)

Wahid, Mastura Ab; Ali, Wan Khairuddin Wan

2010-06-01

The development of rocket motor using potassium nitrate, carbon and sulphur mixture has successfully been developed by researchers and students from UTM and recently a new combination for solid propellant is being created. The new solid propellant will combine a composition of Ammonium perchlorate, NH4ClO4 with aluminium, Al and Hydroxyl Terminated Polybutadiene, HTPB as the binder. It is the aim of this research to design and fabricate a new rocket motor that will produce a thrust of 200N by using this new solid propellant. A static test is done to obtain the thrust produced by the rocket motor and analyses by observation and also calculation will be done. The experiment for the rocket motor is successful but the thrust did not achieve its required thrust.

Assembly of bicyclic or monocyclic clusters from [(η5-C5Me5)2Mo2(μ3-S)4(CuMeCN)2]2+ with tetraphosphine or N,P mixed ligands: syntheses, structures and enhanced third-order NLO performances.

Science.gov (United States)

Ren, Zhi-Gang; Sun, Sha; Dai, Min; Wang, Hui-Fang; Lü, Chun-Ning; Lang, Jian-Ping; Sun, Zhen-Rong

2011-09-07

Reactions of the preformed cluster [(η(5)-C(5)Me(5))(2)Mo(2)(μ(3)-S)(4)Cu(2)(MeCN)(2)](ClO(4))(2) (1) with two tetraphosphine ligands, 1,4-N,N,N',N'-tetra(diphenylphosphanylmethyl)benzene diamine (dpppda) and N,N,N',N'-tetra(diphenylphosphanylmethyl)ethylene diamine (dppeda), produced two bicyclic clusters {[(η(5)-C(5)Me(5))(2)Mo(2)(μ(3)-S)(4)Cu(2)](2)(L)}(ClO(4))(4) (3: L = dpppda; 4: L = dppeda). Analogous reactions of 1 or [(η(5)-C(5)Me(5))(2)Mo(2)(μ(3)-S)(4)Cu(2)(MeCN)(2)](PF(6))(2) (2) with two N,P mixed ligands, N,N-bi(diphenylphosphanylmethyl)-2-aminopyridine (bdppmapy) and N-diphenylphosphanylmethyl-4-aminopyridine (dppmapy), afforded two monocyclic clusters {[(η(5)-C(5)Me(5))(2)Mo(2)(μ(3)-S)(4)Cu(2)](2)(L)(2)}X(4) (5: L = bdppmapy, X = ClO(4); 6: L = dppmapy, X = PF(6)). Compounds 3-6 were fully characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectra, UV-vis spectra, (1)H and (31)P{(1)H} NMR spectra, ESI-MS and single-crystal X-ray crystallography. In the tetracations of 3-6, two cubane-like [Mo(2)(μ(3)-S)(4)Cu(2)] cores are linked either by one dpppda or dppeda bridge to form a bicyclic structure or by a pair of bdppmapy or dppmapy bridges to afford a monocyclic structure. The third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of 1 and 3-6 in MeCN were also investigated by femtosecond degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) technique with a 50 fs pulse width at 800 nm. Compounds 3-6 exhibited enhanced third-order NLO performances relative to that of 1. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2011

About the nanostructure of the ternary system water - [BMIm]PF6 - TX-100.

Science.gov (United States)

Bilgili, Harun; Bürger, Matthias; Stubenrauch, Cosima; Porada, Jan H

2016-12-15

Many efforts have been made to formulate water-IL microemulsions. One of the most intensely studied systems is H 2 O - 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([BMIm]PF 6 ) - 4-octylphenol polyethoxylate (TX-100) and it is not questioned that this system forms microemulsions. The nanostructures observed for traditional microemulsions are postulated with the surfactant being adsorbed at the interface such that the hydrophilic EO sides intrude into the water domains, while the hydrophobic hydrocarbon chains are immersed into [BMIm]PF 6 . However, the high polarity of [BMIm]PF 6 and the observation that [BMIm]PF 6 mixes well with oligoethylene oxides but hardly with non-polar solvents like toluene or alkanes are not in line with this picture. We re-studied the ternary system H 2 O - [BMIm]PF 6 - TX-100 by measuring phase diagrams, determining tie-lines, and carrying out ROESY NMR and PFG NMR measurements. We found that the hydrophobic part of the surfactant interacts neither with water nor with [BMIm]PF 6 , while both solvents interact with the hydrophilic part of the surfactant. We suggest that the surfactant is not adsorbed at the interface between water and the IL, but forms normal spherical or elongated micelles or even continuous aggregates with the hydrocarbon chains forming the interior of the aggregates. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Coordination compounds of thorium(4) containing tris(dimethylamino)-phosphinoxide

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Skopenko, V.V.; Klunnik, L.A.

1983-01-01

Compounds including tris(dimethylamino)-phosphinoxide of the following composition: [ThX 4 (HMPA) 4 ] and [ThX 2 (HMPA) 4 ](BPh 4 ) 2 , where X=NCSe, N(CN) 2 =, C(CN) 3 , ONC(CN) 2 -, [C(CN) 2 C(O)NH 2 ], BPh 4 =[B(C 6 H 5 ) 4 ] - , and HMPA=OP[N(CN 3 ) 2 ] 3 are prepared by interactions of thoriUm chloride with different pseudohalogenides and sodium tetraphenylborate. Some properties of the above compoUnds are studied. Using the IR spectroscopy, the way of coordinating these compounds is determined; the X-ray crystal analysis has determined isostrUcture of compounds: [Th(NCX) 4 (HMPA) 4 ] and [ThX 2 (HMPA) 4 ](BPh 4 ) 2 , where X is Se, S

(η5-Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl(η6-4-phenylbutan-2-oneruthenium(II tetraphenylborate

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bradley T. Loughrey

2010-12-01

Full Text Available The title compound, [Ru(C10H15(C10H12O][B(C6H54], crystallizes as discrete (η5-pentamethylcyclopentadienylRu(η6-4-phenylbutan-2-one]+ cations and [BPh4]− anions. In the cation, the non-H atoms of the butan-2-one group are approximately planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.056 Å and lie nearly perpendicular to the plane of the phenyl ring with a dihedral angle between the two planes of 69.3 (1°. No significant C—H...O interactions are observed between the methyl and phenyl H atoms and the carbonyl O atom.

Independent Review of Siesmic Performance Assessments for the Plutonium Facility PF-4

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Whittaker, Andrew [State Univ. of New York (SUNY), Buffalo, NY (United States); Goen, Lawrence Kenneth [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Kennedy, Robert [RPK Structural Mechanics, San Diego, CA (United States); McDonald, Brian [Exponent, Los Angeles, CA (United States); Morgan, Troy [Exponent, Los Angeles, CA (United States); Wyllie, Loring [Degenkolb Engineers, San Francisco, CA (United States)

2015-11-25

The Plutonium Facility, designated PF-4, is located in Technical Area 55 at the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). The facility is a one-story rectangular structure above a complete basement; the building was constructed of cast-in-place reinforced concrete, with small interior frames of structural steel. The plan dimensions of the building are 265’×284’. The overall height of the building varies between 39’-0” at the north and south ends, and 40’-6” at the center ridge. The programmatic work performed in the building is vital to our national security and its functions and storage purposes are not replicated elsewhere in the United States Department of Energy (DOE).

4,4′-Bipyridinium bis(perchlorate–4-aminobenzoic acid–4,4′-bipyridine–water (1/4/2/2

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Qun-Hui Meng

2009-01-01

Full Text Available In the structure of the title compound, C10H10N22+·2ClO4−·4C7H7NO2·2C10H8N2·2H2O, the 4,4′-bipyridinium cation has a crystallographically imposed centre of symmetry. The cation is linked by N—H...N hydrogen bonds to adjacent 4,4′-bipyridine molecules, which in turn interact via O—H...N hydrogen bonds with 4-aminobenzoic acid molecules, forming chains running parallel to [30overline{2}]. The chains are further connected into a three-dimensional network by N—H...O and O—H...O hydrogen-bonding interactions involving the perchlorate anion, the water molecules and the 4-aminobenzoic acid molecules. In addition, π–π stacking interactions with centroid–centroid distances ranging from 3.663 (6 to 3.695 (6 Å are present. The O atoms of the perchlorate anion are disordered over two sets of positions, with refined site occupancies of 0.724 (9 and 0.276 (9.

The role of carboxylato ligand dissociation in the oxidation of chrysin with H2O2 catalysed by [Mn-2 (III, IV)(mu-CH3COO)(mu-O)(2)(Me(4)dtne)](PF6)(2)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Abdolahzadeh, Shaghayegh; Boyle, Nicola M.; Hoogendijk, M. Lisa; Hage, Ronald; de Boer, Johannes W.; Browne, Wesley R.

2014-01-01

The aqueous and non-aqueous chemistry of the complex [Mn-2 (III,IV)(mu-CH3COO)(mu-O)(2)(Me(4)dtne)](PF6)(2) (where Me(4)dtne = 1,2-bis(4,7-dimethyl- 1,4,7-triazacyclonon-1-yl) ethane), which has been demonstrated as an exceptionally active catalyst in the bleaching of raw cotton and especially wood

Synthesis of 4‧-substituted-2,2‧;6‧,2″-terpyridine Ru(II) complexes electrochemical, fluorescence quenching and antibacterial studies

Science.gov (United States)

Ezhilarasu, Tamilarasu; Sathiyaseelan, Anbazhagan; Kalaichelvan, Pudupalayam Thangavelu; Balasubramanian, Sengottuvelan

2017-04-01

Three new Ru(II) terpyridine complexes viz. [Ru(BBtpy)2](PF6)2 [Ru(L1)] (BBtpy = 4‧-(4-benzyloxybenzaldehyde)-2,2‧:6‧,2″-terpyridine), [Ru(BMBtpy)2](PF6)2 [Ru(L2)] (BMBtpy = 4‧-(4-benzyloxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde)-2,2‧:6‧,2″-terpyridine) and [Ru(BEBtpy)2](PF6)2 [Ru(L3)] (BEBtpy = 4‧-(4-benzyloxy-3-ethoxybenzaldehyde)-2,2‧:6‧,2″-terpyridine) have been synthesized and characterized. The MALDI-TOF/MS fragmentation pattern of [Ru(BMBtpy)2](PF6)2 complex exhibits a molecular ion peak at m/z = 987.09 [M-2PF6]2+ fragment. These Ru(II) complexes are redox active, show both metal centered oxidation and ligand centered reduction processes. The peak potential and peak current Ipa and Ipc also undergo definite shift and increase with increase in the scan rate (20-120 mV/s). The fluorescence of Ru(II) complexes [Ru(L1)], [Ru(L2)] and [Ru(L3)] are effectively quenched by 1,4-benzoquinone and 1,4-naphthoquinone in acetonitrile. The antibacterial activity of ruthenium(II) complexes were screened against four human pathogens both gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus) and gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia) by the well diffusion method. The antibacterial activity of Ru(II) complexes is comparable to that of standard antibiotics like tetracycline.

Constants of hyperfine interaction of lanthanoid-phosphorus for [LnCl2Hmpa4]BPh4 composition compounds from data on 1H and 31P NMR

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Skopenko, V.V.; Amirkhanov, V.M.; Turov, A.V.; Trachevskij, V.V.

1991-01-01

By the method of 1 H and 31 P NMR at 233 and 298 K acetone solutions of lanthanide complexes of the composition [LnCl 2 Hmpa 4 ]BPh 4 (Hmpa=OP[N(CH 3 ) 2 ] 3 , Ln=La, Ce-Lu) have been considered. Two series of complexes having similar structure of coordination sphere (Ln=Pr-Ho and Ln=Er-Yb) are revealed and for each series the values of hyperfine interaction constants, which are 0.49 and 0.28 MHz respectively, have been determined

20 years of ClO measurements in the Antarctic lower stratosphere

Science.gov (United States)

Nedoluha, Gerald E.; Connor, Brian J.; Mooney, Thomas; Barrett, James W.; Parrish, Alan; Gomez, R. Michael; Boyd, Ian; Allen, Douglas R.; Kotkamp, Michael; Kremser, Stefanie; Deshler, Terry; Newman, Paul; Santee, Michelle L.

2016-08-01

We present 20 years (1996-2015) of austral springtime measurements of chlorine monoxide (ClO) over Antarctica from the Chlorine Oxide Experiment (ChlOE1) ground-based millimeter wave spectrometer at Scott Base, Antarctica, as well 12 years (2004-2015) of ClO measurements from the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS). From August onwards we observe a strong increase in lower stratospheric ClO, with a peak column amount usually occurring in early September. From mid-September onwards we observe a strong decrease in ClO. In order to study interannual differences, we focus on a 3-week period from 28 August to 17 September for each year and compare the average column ClO anomalies. These column ClO anomalies are shown to be highly correlated with the average ozone mass deficit for September and October of each year. We also show that anomalies in column ClO are strongly anti-correlated with 30 hPa temperature anomalies, both on a daily and an interannual timescale. Making use of this anti-correlation we calculate the linear dependence of the interannual variations in column ClO on interannual variations in temperature. By making use of this relationship, we can better estimate the underlying trend in the total chlorine (Cly = HCl + ClONO2 + HOCl + 2 × Cl2 + 2 × Cl2O2 + ClO + Cl). The resultant trends in Cly, which determine the long-term trend in ClO, are estimated to be -0.5 ± 0.2, -1.4 ± 0.9, and -0.6 ± 0.4 % year-1, for zonal MLS, Scott Base MLS (both 2004-2015), and ChlOE (1996-2015) respectively. These trends are within 1σ of trends in stratospheric Cly previously found at other latitudes. The decrease in ClO is consistent with the trend expected from regulations enacted under the Montreal Protocol.

New organic superconductors beta-(BDA-TTP)2X [BDA-TTP + 2,5-bis(1,3-dithian-2ylidene)-1,3,4,6-tetrathiapentalene; X(-) = SbF6(-), AsF6(-), and PF6(-)].

Science.gov (United States)

Yamada, J; Watanabe, M; Akutsu, H; Nakatsuji, S; Nishikawa, H; Ikemoto, I; Kikuchi, K

2001-05-09

The synthesis, electrochemical properties, and molecular structure of a new pi-electron donor, 2,5-bis(1,3-dithian-2-ylidene)-1,3,4,6-tetrathiapentalene (BDA-TTP), is described. In contrast to the hitherto-known tetrachalcogenafulvalene pi-donors providing organic superconductors, this donor contains only the bis-fused 1,3-dithiole-2-ylidene unit as a pi-electron system, yet produces a series of ambient-pressure superconductors beta-(BDA-TTP)2X [X = SbF6 (magnetic T(c) = 6.9 K, resistive T(c) = 7.5 K), AsF6 (magnetic T(c) = 5.9 K, resistive T(c) = 5.8 K), and PF6 (magnetic T(c) = 5.9 K)], which are isostructural. The values of the intermolecular overlap integrals calculated on the donor layers of these superconductors suggest a two-dimensional (2D) electronic structure with loose donor packing. Tight-binding band calculations also indicate that these superconductors have the 2D band dispersion relations and closed Fermi surfaces.

Study on curing reaction of 4-aminophenoxyphthalonitrile/bisphthalonitrile

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

Xiao

2010-01-01

A series of phthalonitrile blending resins were prepared from 4-aminophenoxyphthalonitrile (APN) and 4,4'-bis (3,4-dicyanophenoxy)biphenyl (BPH) by directly powder-mixing and copolymerization. Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and dynamic rheology were used to study the curing reaction behaviors of APN/BPH blends, and the results indicated that the introduction of APN accelerated the curing rate of BPH, and the existence of BPH decreased the curing temperature of APN/BPH systems. The thermal stability of postcured APN/BPH resins was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and the TGA results indicated that the crosslinked polymers of APN/BPH systems possessed good thermal stability.

Single-molecule magnets: structure and properties of [Mn18O14(O2CMe)18(hep)4(hepH)2(H2O)2](ClO4)2 with spin S = 13.

Science.gov (United States)

Brechin, E K; Sañudo, E C; Wernsdorfer, W; Boskovic, C; Yoo, J; Hendrickson, D N; Yamaguchi, A; Ishimoto, H; Concolino, T E; Rheingold, A L; Christou, G

2005-02-07

The reaction of 2-(hydroxyethyl)pyridine (hepH) with a 2:1 molar mixture of [Mn3O(O2CMe)6(py)3]ClO4 and [Mn3O(O2CMe)6(py)3] in MeCN afforded the new mixed-valent (16Mn(III), 2Mn(II)), octadecanuclear complex [Mn18O14(O2CMe)18(hep)4(hepH)2(H2O)2](ClO4)2 (1) in 20% yield. Complex 1 crystallizes in the triclinic space group P. Direct current magnetic susceptibility studies in a 1.0 T field in the 5.0-300 K range, and variable-temperature variable-field dc magnetization studies in the 2.0-4.0 K and 2.0-5.0 T ranges were obtained on polycrystalline samples. Fitting of magnetization data established that complex 1 possesses a ground-state spin of S = 13 and D = -0.18 K. This was confirmed by the value of the in-phase ac magnetic susceptibility signal. Below 3 K, the complex exhibits a frequency-dependent drop in the in-phase signal, and a concomitant increase in the out-of-phase signal, consistent with slow magnetization relaxation on the ac time scale. This suggests the complex is a single-molecule magnet (SMM), and this was confirmed by hysteresis loops below 1 K in magnetization versus dc field sweeps on a single crystal. Alternating current and direct current magnetization data were combined to yield an Arrhenius plot from which was obtained the effective barrier (U(eff)) for magnetization reversal of 21.3 K. Below 0.2 K, the relaxation becomes temperature-independent, consistent with relaxation only by quantum tunneling of the magnetization (QTM) through the anisotropy barrier via the lowest-energy MS = +/-13 levels of the S = 13 spin manifold. Complex 1 is thus the SMM with the largest ground-state spin to display QTM.

Solute activity coefficients in dilute aqueous electrolyte mixutes. III. The ternary system HCLO4 + UO2(CLO4)2 + H2O at 250C

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Boyd, G.E.

1977-01-01

Isopiestic vapor pressure comparison measurements were conducted with the three-component system HClO 4 + UO 2 (ClO 4 ) 2 + H 2 O in the concentration range between I = 0.05 and 1.9 m. Analysis of the mixture composition and concentration dependence of the osmotic coefficients with the Scatchard neutral-electrolyte and ion-component methods and with the Pitzer ion-component methods gave equally satisfactory results. Prediction of the observed osmotic coefficients by two-component approximations was satisfactory, and the data agreed well with values estimated with a model based on the osmolal fraction. A fair concordance was also found between predicted solute activity coefficients from simple models and values derived from complete treatments which included interaction terms

[LUTS in BPH patients with histological prostatitis before and after transurethral resection of the prostate].

Science.gov (United States)

Huang, Xiang-Hua; Qin, Bin; Liang, Yi-Wen; Wu, Qing-Guo; Li, Chang-Zan; Wei, Gang-Shan; Ji, Han-Chu; Liang, Yang-Bing; Chen, Hong-Qiu; Guan, Ting

2013-01-01

To investigate the effects of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) on lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) complicated by histological prostatitis. This study included 432 cases of BPH pathologically confirmed after TURP. Excluding those with LUTS-related factors before and after surgery and based on the international prostatitis histological classification of diagnostic criteria, the remaining 144 cases were divided into groups A (pure BPH, n = 30), B (mild inflammation, n = 55), C (moderate inflammation, n = 31), and D (severe inflammation, n = 28). Each group was evaluated for LUTS by IPSS before and a month after surgery. A total of 399 cases (92.4%) were diagnosed as BPH with histological prostatitis, 269 (67.4%) mild, 86 (21.6%) moderate and 44 (11.0%) severe. The preoperative IPSS was 21.43 +/- 6.09 in group A, 21.75 +/- 5.97 in B, 27.84 +/- 4.18 in C and 31.00 +/- 2.92 in D, with statistically significant differences among different groups (P BPH with histological prostatitis were lymphocytes. BPH is mostly complicated with histological chronic prostatitis. The severity of LUTS is higher in BPH patients with histological prostatitis than in those without before and after TURP, and positively correlated with the grade of inflammation. Those complicated with moderate or severe histological prostatitis should take medication for the management of LUTS.

Primary retention following nuclear recoil in β-decay: Proposed synthesis of a metastable rare gas oxide ((38)ArO4) from ((38)ClO4(-)) and the evolution of chemical bonding over the nuclear transmutation reaction path.

Science.gov (United States)

Timm, Matthew J; Matta, Chérif F

2014-12-01

Argon tetroxide (ArO4) is the last member of the N=50 e(-) isoelectronic and isosteric series of ions: SiO4(4-), PO4(3-), SO4(2-), and ClO4(-). A high level computational study demonstrated that while ArO4 is kinetically stable it has a considerable positive enthalpy of formation (of ~298kcal/mol) (Lindh et al., 1999. J. Phys. Chem. A 103, pp. 8295-8302) confirming earlier predictions by Pyykkö (1990. Phys. Scr. 33, pp. 52-53). ArO4 can be expected to be difficult to synthesize by traditional chemistry due to its metastability and has not yet been synthesized at the time of writing. A computational investigation of the changes in the chemical bonding of chlorate (ClO4(-)) when the central chlorine atom undergoes a nuclear transmutation from the unstable artificial chlorine isotope (38)Cl to the stable rare argon isotope (38)Ar through β-decay, hence potentially leading to the formation of ArO4, is reported. A mathematical model is presented that allows for the prediction of yields following the recoil of a nucleus upon ejecting a β-electron. It is demonstrated that below a critical angle between the ejected β-electron and that of the accompanying antineutrino their respective linear momentums can cancel to such an extent as imparting a recoil to the daughter atom insufficient for breaking the Ar-O bond. As a result, a primary retention yield of ~1% of ArO4 is predicted following the nuclear disintegration. The study is conducted at the quadratic configuration interaction with single and double excitations [QCISD/6-311+G(3df)] level of theory followed by an analysis of the electron density by the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM). Crossed potential energy surfaces (PES) were used to construct a PES from the metastable ArO4 ground singlet state to the Ar-O bond dissociation product ArO3+O((3)P) from which the predicted barrier to dissociation is ca. 22kcal/mol and the exothermic reaction energy is ca. 28kcal/mol [(U)MP2/6-311+G(d)]. Copyright © 2014

LiPF{sub 6}. Synthesis and stability in EC/DMC and PC/DMC mixtures; LiPF{sub 6}. Synthese et stabilite dans les melanges EC/DMC et PC/DMC

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Naejus, R.; Coudert, R.; Lemordant, D. [Laboratoire P.I.M.I.R. EA, Sciences et Techniques, 37 - Tours (France); Willmann, P. [CNES, 31 - Toulouse (France)

1996-12-31

Lithium hexa-fluoro-phosphate LiPF{sub 6} is recommended for the replacement of the toxic LiAsF{sub 6} and the explosive perchlorates (like LiClO{sub 4}) in rechargeable lithium electrochemical generators. The aim of this work is to develop a new method of synthesis of this salt and to check its stability with respect to carbonated solvents: ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC) and dimethyl-carbonate (DMC) in already optimized EC/DMC and PC/DMC binary mixtures. Two methods using HPF{sub 6} are proposed: the first one uses the direct neutralization of this commercial acid by LiOH in aqueous, alcoholic or acetonitrile environment, while in the second one LiPF{sub 6} is obtained from pyridinium hexa-fluoro-phosphate synthesized from HPF{sub 6} using a new and simple protocol. (J.S.) 24 refs.

LiPF{sub 6}. Synthesis and stability in EC/DMC and PC/DMC mixtures; LiPF{sub 6}. Synthese et stabilite dans les melanges EC/DMC et PC/DMC

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Naejus, R; Coudert, R; Lemordant, D [Laboratoire P.I.M.I.R. EA, Sciences et Techniques, 37 - Tours (France); Willmann, P [CNES, 31 - Toulouse (France)

1997-12-31

Lithium hexa-fluoro-phosphate LiPF{sub 6} is recommended for the replacement of the toxic LiAsF{sub 6} and the explosive perchlorates (like LiClO{sub 4}) in rechargeable lithium electrochemical generators. The aim of this work is to develop a new method of synthesis of this salt and to check its stability with respect to carbonated solvents: ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC) and dimethyl-carbonate (DMC) in already optimized EC/DMC and PC/DMC binary mixtures. Two methods using HPF{sub 6} are proposed: the first one uses the direct neutralization of this commercial acid by LiOH in aqueous, alcoholic or acetonitrile environment, while in the second one LiPF{sub 6} is obtained from pyridinium hexa-fluoro-phosphate synthesized from HPF{sub 6} using a new and simple protocol. (J.S.) 24 refs.

Synthesis, P-31 NMR data and X-ray analysis of a ruthenium(II) dimethylphenylphosphine complex with dimerized phenylacetylene: The structure of [(PhMe(2)P)(4)Ru(eta(3)-PhC(3)CHPh)](PF6)

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Liles, DC

1996-09-06

Full Text Available Treatment of [RuHL (5)] (+) (L = PMe (2) Ph) with phenylacetylene in ethanol yielded the dimerization of HC=CPh to (Z)-1, 4-diphenylbut-3-en-1-yne. The molecular structure of [Ru(eta(3)-PhC(3)CHPh)L(4)](PF6) (L = PMe(2)Ph) (2) shows a seven...

Design and construction of porous metal–organic frameworks based on flexible BPH pillars

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hao, Xiang-Rong; Yang, Guang-sheng; Shao, Kui-Zhan; Su, Zhong-Min; Yuan, Gang; Wang, Xin-Long

2013-01-01

Three metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), [Co 2 (BPDC) 2 (4-BPH)·3DMF] n (1), [Cd 2 (BPDC) 2 (4-BPH) 2 ·2DMF] n (2) and [Ni 2 (BDC) 2 (3-BPH) 2 (H 2 O)·4DMF] n (3) (H 2 BPDC=biphenyl-4,4′-dicarboxylic acid, H 2 BDC=terephthalic acid, BPH=bis(pyridinylethylidene)hydrazine and DMF=N,N′-dimethylformamide), have been solvothermally synthesized based on the insertion of heterogeneous BPH pillars. Framework 1 has “single-pillared” MOF-5-like motif with inner cage diameters of up to 18.6 Å. Framework 2 has “double pillared” MOF-5-like motif with cage diameters of 19.2 Å while 3 has “double pillared” 8-connected framework with channel diameters of 11.0 Å. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) shows that 3 is a dynamic porous framework. - Graphical abstract: By insertion of flexible BPH pillars based on “pillaring” strategy, three metal–organic frameworks are obtained showing that the porous frameworks can be constructed in a much greater variety. Highlights: ► Frameworks 1 and 2 have MOF-5 like motif. ► The cube-like cages in 1 and 2 are quite large, comparable to the IRMOF-10. ► Framework 1 is “single-pillared” mode while 2 is “double-pillared” mode. ► PXRD and gas adsorption analysis show that 3 is a dynamic porous framework.

Marker assisted pyramiding of Bph6 and Bph9 into elite restorer line 93–11 and development of functional marker for Bph9

OpenAIRE

Wang, Yang; Jiang, Weihua; Liu, Hongmei; Zeng, Ya; Du, Bo; Zhu, Lili; He, Guangcun; Chen, Rongzhi

2017-01-01

Background The brown planthopper (BPH) has become the most destructive and a serious threat to the rice production in Asia. Breeding the resistant varieties with improved host resistance is the most effective and ecosystem-friendly strategy of BPH biological management. As host resistance was always broken down by the presence of the upgrading BPH biotype, the more resistant varieties with novel resistance genes or pyramiding known identified BPH resistance genes would be needed urgently for ...

20 years of ClO measurements in the Antarctic lower stratosphere

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

G. E. Nedoluha

2016-08-01

Full Text Available We present 20 years (1996–2015 of austral springtime measurements of chlorine monoxide (ClO over Antarctica from the Chlorine Oxide Experiment (ChlOE1 ground-based millimeter wave spectrometer at Scott Base, Antarctica, as well 12 years (2004–2015 of ClO measurements from the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS. From August onwards we observe a strong increase in lower stratospheric ClO, with a peak column amount usually occurring in early September. From mid-September onwards we observe a strong decrease in ClO. In order to study interannual differences, we focus on a 3-week period from 28 August to 17 September for each year and compare the average column ClO anomalies. These column ClO anomalies are shown to be highly correlated with the average ozone mass deficit for September and October of each year. We also show that anomalies in column ClO are strongly anti-correlated with 30 hPa temperature anomalies, both on a daily and an interannual timescale. Making use of this anti-correlation we calculate the linear dependence of the interannual variations in column ClO on interannual variations in temperature. By making use of this relationship, we can better estimate the underlying trend in the total chlorine (Cly  =  HCl + ClONO2 + HOCl + 2  ×  Cl2 + 2  ×  Cl2O2 + ClO + Cl. The resultant trends in Cly, which determine the long-term trend in ClO, are estimated to be −0.5 ± 0.2, −1.4 ± 0.9, and −0.6 ± 0.4 % year−1, for zonal MLS, Scott Base MLS (both 2004–2015, and ChlOE (1996–2015 respectively. These trends are within 1σ of trends in stratospheric Cly previously found at other latitudes. The decrease in ClO is consistent with the trend expected from regulations enacted under the Montreal Protocol.

Gold(I) Complexes with N-Donor Ligands. 2.(1) Reactions of Ammonium Salts with [Au(acac-kappaC(2))(PR(3))] To Give [Au(NH(3))L](+), [(AuL)(2)(&mgr;(2)-NH(2))](+), [(AuL)(4)(&mgr;(4)-N)](+), or [(AuL)(3)(&mgr;(3)-O)](+). A New and Facile Synthesis of [Au(NH(3))(2)](+) Salts. Crystal Structure of [{AuP(C(6)H(4)OMe-4)(3)}(3)(&mgr;(3)-O)]CF(3)SO(3).

Science.gov (United States)

Vicente, José; Chicote, María-Teresa; Guerrero, Rita; Jones, Peter G.; Ramírez De Arellano, M. Carmen

1997-09-24

The complexes [Au(acac-kappaC(2))(PR(3))] (acac = acetylacetonate, R = Ph, C(6)H(4)OMe-4) react with (NH(4))ClO(4) to give amminegold(I), [Au(NH(3))(PR(3))]ClO(4), amidogold(I), [(AuPR(3))(2)(&mgr;(2)-NH(2))]ClO(4), or nitridogold(I), [(AuPR(3))(4)(&mgr;(4)-N)]ClO(4), complexes, depending on the reaction conditions. Similarly, [Au(acac-kappaC(2))(PPh(3))] reacts with (NH(3)R')OTf (OTf = CF(3)SO(3)) (1:1) or with [H(3)N(CH(2))(2)NH(2)]OTf (1:1) to give (amine)gold(I) complexes [Au(NH(2)R')(PPh(3))]OTf (R' = Me, C(6)H(4)NO(2)-4) or [(AuPPh(3))(2){&mgr;(2)-H(2)N(CH(2))(2)NH(2)}](OTf)(2), respectively. The ammonium salts (NH(2)R'(2))OTf (R' = Et, Ph) react with [Au(acac-kappaC(2))(PR(3))] (R = Ph, C(6)H(4)OMe-4) (1:2) to give, after hydrolysis, the oxonium salts [(AuPR(3))(3)(&mgr;(3)-O)]OTf (R = Ph, C(6)H(4)OMe-4). When NH(3) is bubbled through a solution of [AuCl(tht)] (tht = tetrahydrothiophene), the complex [Au(NH(3))(2)]Cl precipitates. Addition of [Au(NH(3))(2)]Cl to a solution of AgClO(4) or TlOTf leads to the isolation of [Au(NH(3))(2)]ClO(4) or [Au(NH(3))(2)]OTf, respectively. The crystal structure of [(AuPR(3))(3)(&mgr;(3)-O)]OTf.Me(2)CO (R = C(6)H(4)OMe-4) has been determined: triclinic, space group P&onemacr;, a = 14.884(3) Å, b = 15.828(3) Å, c = 16.061(3) Å, alpha = 83.39(3) degrees, beta = 86.28(3) degrees, gamma = 65.54(3) degrees, R1 (wR2) = 0.0370 (0.0788). The [(AuPR(3))(3)(&mgr;(3)-O)](+) cation shows an essentially trigonal pyramidal array of three gold atoms and one oxygen atom with O-Au-P bond angles of ca. 175 degrees and Au.Au contacts in the range 2.9585(7)-3.0505(14) Å. These cations are linked into centrosymmetric dimers through two short Au.Au [2.9585(7), 3.0919(9) Å] contacts. The gold atoms of the dimer form a six-membered ring with a chair conformation.

In-Plane Angular Effect of Magnetoresistance of Quasi-One-Dimensional Organic Metals, (DMET) 2AuBr 2 and (TMTSF) 2ClO 4

Science.gov (United States)

Yoshino, Harukazu; Saito, Kazuya; Nishikawa, Hiroyuki; Kikuchi, Koichi; Kobayashi, Keiji; Ikemoto, Isao

1997-08-01

Comparative study is presented for the in-plane angular effect of magnetoresistance of quasi-one-dimensional organic conductors, (DMET)2AuBr2 and (TMTSF)2ClO4. The magnetoresistance for the magnetic and electrical fields parallel and perpendicular to the most conducting plane, respectively, was measured at 4.2 K and up to 7.0 T. (DMET)2AuBr2 shows an anomalous hump in the field-orientation dependence of the magnetoresistance for the magnetic field nearly parallel to the most conducting axis and this is very similar to what previously reported for (DMET)2I3. Weak anomaly was detected for the magnetoresistance of (TMTSF)2ClO4 in the Relaxed state, while no anomaly was observed in the SDW phase in the Quenched state. By comparing the numerical angular derivatives of the magnetoresistance, it is shown that the anomaly in the in-plane angular effect continuously develops from zero magnetic field and is closely related to the quasi-one-dimensional Fermi surface. A simple method is proposed to estimate the anisotropy of the transfer integral from the width of the hump anomaly.

The preparation and properties of a novel electrolyte of electrochemical double layer capacitors based on LiPF6 and acetamide

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li Qi; Zuo Xiaoxi; Liu Jiansheng; Xiao Xin; Shu Dong; Nan Junmin

2011-01-01

A novel electrolyte applied in electrochemical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) has been prepared based on lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ) and acetamide and subsequently characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), electrochemical techniques and so on. The mixtures of LiPF 6 and acetamide at the molar ratios of 1:4 to 1:6 exist as liquids below 25 °C, which is attributed to the melting point depression of mixture and the coordination of the polar groups (C=O and NH groups) of acetamide with Li + and PF 6 − ions. The strong interaction between LiPF 6 and acetamide results in the rupture of the electrovalent bond of LiPF 6 and the breakage of hydrogen bonds among the acetamide molecules, leading to the formation of a liquid electrolyte. The LiPF 6 /acetamide electrolyte with a molar ratio of 1:5.5 exhibits a 5.2 V electrochemical window and suitable ionic conductivity at room temperature. In particular, the coin-type cells with carbon electrodes and LiPF 6 /acetamide electrolyte possess high thermal stability and electrochemical properties, showing that the as-prepared LiPF 6 /acetamide electrolyte is a promising candidate for EDLCs.

Electronic communication in phosphine substituted bridged dirhenium complexes - clarifying ambiguities raised by the redox non-innocence of the C4H2- and C4-bridges.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Yan; Blacque, Olivier; Fox, Thomas; Luber, Sandra; Polit, Walther; Winter, Rainer F; Venkatesan, Koushik; Berke, Heinz

2016-04-07

The mononuclear rhenium carbyne complex trans-[Re(C[triple bond, length as m-dash]CSiMe3)([triple bond, length as m-dash]C-Me)(PMe3)4][PF6] (2) was prepared in 90% yield by heating a mixture of the dinitrogen complex trans-[ReCl(N2)(PMe3)4] (1), TlPF6, and an excess of HC[triple bond, length as m-dash]CSiMe3. 2 could be deprotonated with KOtBu to the vinylidene complex trans-[Re(C[triple bond, length as m-dash]CSiMe3)([double bond, length as m-dash]C[double bond, length as m-dash]CH2)(PMe3)4] (3) in 98% yield. Oxidation of 3 with 1.2 equiv. of [Cp2Fe][PF6] at -78 °C gave the Cβ-C'β coupled dinuclear rhenium biscarbyne complex trans-[(Me3SiC[triple bond, length as m-dash]C)(PMe3)4Re[triple bond, length as m-dash]C-CH2-CH2-C[triple bond, length as m-dash]Re(PMe3)4(C[triple bond, length as m-dash]CSiMe3)][PF6]2 (5) in 92% yield. Deprotonation of 5 with an excess of KOtBu in THF produced the diamagnetic trans-[(Me3SiC[triple bond, length as m-dash]C)(PMe3)4Re[double bond, length as m-dash]C[double bond, length as m-dash]CH-CH[double bond, length as m-dash]C[double bond, length as m-dash]Re(PMe3)4(C[triple bond, length as m-dash]CSiMe3)] complex (E-6(S)) in 87% yield with an E-butadienediylidene bridge. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations of E-6(S) confirmed its singlet ground state. The Z-form of 6 (Z-6(S)) could not be observed, which is in accord with its DFT calculated 17.8 kJ mol(-1) higher energy. Oxidation of E-6 with 2 equiv. of [Cp2Fe][PF6] resulted in the stable diamagnetic dicationic trans-[(Me3SiC[triple bond, length as m-dash]C)(PMe3)4Re[triple bond, length as m-dash]C-CH[double bond, length as m-dash]CH-C[triple bond, length as m-dash]Re(PMe3)4(C[triple bond, length as m-dash]CSiMe3)][PF6]2 complex (E-6[PF6]2) with an ethylenylidene dicarbyne structure of the bridge. The paramagnetic mixed-valence (MV) complex E-6[PF6] was obtained by comproportionation of E-6(S) and E-6[PF6]2 or by oxidation of E-6(S) with 1 equiv. of [Cp2Fe][PF6]. The

Development of Elite BPH-Resistant Wide-Spectrum Restorer Lines for Three and Two Line Hybrid Rice.

Science.gov (United States)

Fan, Fengfeng; Li, Nengwu; Chen, Yunping; Liu, Xingdan; Sun, Heng; Wang, Jie; He, Guangcun; Zhu, Yingguo; Li, Shaoqing

2017-01-01

Hybrid rice has contributed significantly to the world food security. Breeding of elite high-yield, strong-resistant broad-spectrum restorer line is an important strategy for hybrid rice in commercial breeding programs. Here, we developed three elite brown planthopper (BPH)-resistant wide-spectrum restorer lines by pyramiding big-panicle gene Gn8.1 , BPH-resistant genes Bph6 and Bph9 , fertility restorer genes Rf3, Rf4, Rf5 , and Rf6 through molecular marker assisted selection. Resistance analysis revealed that the newly developed restorer lines showed stronger BPH-resistance than any of the single-gene donor parent Luoyang-6 and Luoyang-9. Moreover, the three new restorer lines had broad spectrum recovery capabilities for Honglian CMS, Wild abortive CMS and two-line GMS sterile lines, and higher grain yields than that of the recurrent parent 9,311 under nature field conditions. Importantly, the hybrid crosses also showed good performance for grain yield and BPH-resistance. Thus, the development of elite BPH-resistant wide-spectrum restorer lines has a promising future for breeding of broad spectrum BPH-resistant high-yield varieties.

Design and construction of porous metal-organic frameworks based on flexible BPH pillars

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hao, Xiang-Rong; Yang, Guang-sheng; Shao, Kui-Zhan [Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, Jilin (China); Su, Zhong-Min, E-mail: zmsu@nenu.edu.cn [Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, Jilin (China); Yuan, Gang; Wang, Xin-Long [Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, Jilin (China)

2013-02-15

Three metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), [Co{sub 2}(BPDC){sub 2}(4-BPH){center_dot}3DMF]{sub n} (1), [Cd{sub 2}(BPDC){sub 2}(4-BPH){sub 2}{center_dot}2DMF]{sub n} (2) and [Ni{sub 2}(BDC){sub 2}(3-BPH){sub 2} (H{sub 2}O){center_dot}4DMF]{sub n} (3) (H{sub 2}BPDC=biphenyl-4,4 Prime -dicarboxylic acid, H{sub 2}BDC=terephthalic acid, BPH=bis(pyridinylethylidene)hydrazine and DMF=N,N Prime -dimethylformamide), have been solvothermally synthesized based on the insertion of heterogeneous BPH pillars. Framework 1 has 'single-pillared' MOF-5-like motif with inner cage diameters of up to 18.6 A. Framework 2 has 'double pillared' MOF-5-like motif with cage diameters of 19.2 A while 3 has 'double pillared' 8-connected framework with channel diameters of 11.0 A. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) shows that 3 is a dynamic porous framework. - Graphical abstract: By insertion of flexible BPH pillars based on 'pillaring' strategy, three metal-organic frameworks are obtained showing that the porous frameworks can be constructed in a much greater variety. Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Frameworks 1 and 2 have MOF-5 like motif. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The cube-like cages in 1 and 2 are quite large, comparable to the IRMOF-10. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Framework 1 is 'single-pillared' mode while 2 is 'double-pillared' mode. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer PXRD and gas adsorption analysis show that 3 is a dynamic porous framework.

Trends in adverse events of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in the USA, 1998 to 2008.

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Stroup, Sean P; Palazzi-Churas, Kerrin; Kopp, Ryan P; Parsons, J Kellogg

2012-01-01

To determine if the adverse events (AEs) of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) have declined in tandem with increased use of oral therapy. We used the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, a 20% sample of USA community hospitals, weighted to estimate national numbers to characterize the prevalence of AEs of BPH from 1998 to 2008. We calculated the age-adjusted prevalence of BPH and associated conditions and analyzed prevalence trends with regression modelling. Of 134 million estimated eligible discharges during the study period, 7,464,730 (5.6%) had either a primary or secondary diagnosis of BPH. The age-adjusted prevalence of BPH among all hospitalizations, irrespective of primary diagnosis, increased from 4.3% to 8% (P BPH as a primary diagnosis decreased from 0.88% to 0.48% (P BPH surgery decreased 51% (odds ratio [OR] 0.49, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.45-0.54, P-trend BPH with acute renal failure increased >400% (OR 4.28, 95% CI 3.22-5.71, P-trend BPH with urinary retention (P-trend = 0.636), bladder stones (P-trend = 0.117), or urinary infection (P-trend = 0.101) over time. Increased hospitalizations for BPH with acute renal failure and stable hospitalizations for other AEs of BPH indicate that severe AEs of BPH persist despite widespread use of oral therapies in the USA. Further studies are needed to explain these trends. © 2011 THE AUTHORS. BJU INTERNATIONAL © 2011 BJU INTERNATIONAL.

Inflammatory Responses in a Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Epithelial Cell Line (BPH-1) Infected with Trichomonas vaginalis.

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Kim, Sang-Su; Kim, Jung-Hyun; Han, Ik-Hwan; Ahn, Myoung-Hee; Ryu, Jae-Sook

2016-04-01

Trichomonas vaginalis causes the most prevalent sexually transmitted infection worldwide. Trichomonads have been detected in prostatic tissues from prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and prostate cancer. Chronic prostatic inflammation is known as a risk factor for prostate enlargement, benign prostatic hyperplasia symptoms, and acute urinary retention. Our aim was to investigate whether T. vaginalis could induce inflammatory responses in cells of a benign prostatic hyperplasia epithelial cell line (BPH-1). When BPH-1 cells were infected with T. vaginalis, the protein and mRNA of inflammatory cytokines, such as CXCL8, CCL2, IL-1β, and IL-6, were increased. The activities of TLR4, ROS, MAPK, JAK2/STAT3, and NF-κB were also increased, whereas inhibitors of ROS, MAPK, PI3K, NF-κB, and anti-TLR4 antibody decreased the production of the 4 cytokines although the extent of inhibition differed. However, a JAK2 inhibitor inhibited only IL-6 production. Culture supernatants of the BPH-1 cells that had been incubated with live T. vaginalis (trichomonad-conditioned medium, TCM) contained the 4 cytokines and induced the migration of human monocytes (THP-1 cells) and mast cells (HMC-1 cells). TCM conditioned by BPH-1 cells pretreated with NF-κB inhibitor showed decreased levels of cytokines and induced less migration. Therefore, it is suggested that these cytokines are involved in migration of inflammatory cells. These results suggest that T. vaginalis infection of BPH patients may cause inflammation, which may induce lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).

Molecular Breeding of Rice Restorer Lines and Hybrids for Brown Planthopper (BPH) Resistance Using the Bph14 and Bph15 Genes.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Hongbo; Ye, Shengtuo; Mou, Tongmin

2016-12-01

The development of hybrid rice is a practical approach for increasing rice production. However, the brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens Stål, causes severe yield loss of rice (Oryza sativa L.) and can threaten food security. Therefore, breeding hybrid rice resistant to BPH is the most effective and economical strategy to maintain high and stable production. Fortunately, numerous BPH resistance genes have been identified, and abundant linkage markers are available for molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS) in breeding programs. Hence, we pyramided two BPH resistance genes, Bph14 and Bph15, into a susceptive CMS restorer line Huahui938 and its derived hybrids using MAS to improve the BPH resistance of hybrid rice. Three near-isogenic lines (NILs) with pyramided Bph14 and Bph15 were obtained by molecular marker-assisted backcross (MAB) and phenotypic selection. The genomic components of these NILs were detected using the whole-genome SNP (Single nucleotide polymorphism) array, RICE6K, suggesting that the recurrent parent genome (RPG) recovery of the NILs was 87.88, 87.70 and 86.62 %, respectively. BPH bioassays showed that the improved NILs and their derived hybrids carrying homozygous Bph14 and Bph15 were resistant to BPH. However, the hybrids with heterozygous Bph14 and Bph15 remained susceptible to BPH. The developed NILs showed no significant differences in major agronomic traits and rice qualities compared with the recurrent parent. Moreover, the improved hybrids derived from the NILs exhibited better agronomic performance and rice quality compared with the controls under natural field conditions. This study demonstrates that it is essential to stack Bph14 and Bph15 into both the maternal and paternal parents for developing BPH-resistant hybrid rice varieties. The SNP array with abundant DNA markers is an efficient tool for analyzing the RPG recovery of progenies and can be used to monitor the donor segments in NILs, thus being extremely important

A Sequential Method to Prepare Polymorphs and Solvatomorphs of [Fe(1,3-bpp)2 ](ClO4 )2 ⋅nH2 O (n=0, 1, 2) with Varying Spin-Crossover Behaviour.

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Bartual-Murgui, Carlos; Codina, Carlota; Roubeau, Olivier; Aromí, Guillem

2016-08-26

Two polymorphs of the spin crossover (SCO) compound [Fe(1,3-bpp)2 ](ClO4 )2 (1 and 2; 1,3-bpp=2-(pyrazol-1-yl)-6-(pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine) were prepared using a novel, stepwise procedure. Crystals of 1 deposit from dry solvents, while 2 is obtained from a solid-state procedure, by sequentially removing lattice H2 O molecules from the solvatomorph [Fe(1,3-bpp)2 ](ClO4 )2 ⋅2 H2 O (2⋅2 H2 O), using single-crystal-to-single-crystal (SCSC) transformations. Hydrate 2⋅2 H2 O is obtained through the same reaction as 1, now with 2.5 % of water added. Compounds 2 and 2⋅2 H2 O are unstable in the atmosphere and absorb or lose one equivalent of water, respectively, to both yield the stable solvatomorph [Fe(1,3-bpp)2 ](ClO4 )2 ⋅H2 O (2⋅H2 O), also following SCSC processes. The four derivatives have been characterised by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD). Furthermore, the homogeneity of the various compounds as well as their SCSC interconversions have been confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). Polymorphs 1 and 2 exhibit abrupt SCO behaviour near room temperature with T1/2↑ =279/316 K and T1/2↓ =276/314 K (near 40 K of shift) and different cooperativity. © 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Urine flow acceleration is superior to Qmax in diagnosing BOO in patients with BPH.

Science.gov (United States)

Wen, Jian-guo; Cui, Lin-gang; Li, Yi-dong; Shang, Xiao-ping; Zhu, Wen; Zhang, Rui-li; Meng, Qing-jun; Zhang, Sheng-jun

2013-08-01

We performed a retrospective, case-control study to evaluate whether the urine flow acceleration (UFA, mL/s(2)) is superior to maximum uroflow (Qmax, mL/s) in diagnosing bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). In this study, a total of 50 men with BPH (age: 58±12.5 years) and 50 controls (age: 59±13.0 years) were included. A pressure-flow study was used to determine the presence of BOO according to the recommendations of Incontinence Control Society (ICS). The results showed that the UFA and Qmax in BPH group were much lower than those in the control group [(2.05±0.85) vs. (4.60±1.25) mL/s(2) and (8.50±1.05) vs. (13.00±3.35) mL/s] (PBOO were 88%, 75% vs. 81%, 63%. UFA vs. Omax, when compared with the results of P-Q chart (the kappa values in corresponding analysis), was 0.55 vs. 0.35. The prostate volume, post void residual and detrusor pressure at Qmax between the two groups were 28.6±9.8 vs. 24.2±7.6 mL, 60.4±1.4 vs. 21.3±2.5 mL and 56.6±8.3 vs. 21.7±6.1 cmH2O, respectively (PBOO in patients with BPH.

Evaluation of Ti-6Al-4V surface treatments for use with a polyphenylquinoxaline adhesive

Science.gov (United States)

Progar, Donald J.

1987-01-01

Three surface treatments for Ti-6Al-4V adherends were evaluated using a thermoplastic polymer monoether polyphenylquinoxaline, MEPPQ, which had been shown in previous studies to have good potential as a high temperature adhesive for aerospace applications. Initial results based on long term thermal exposure at 232 C (450 F) using the phosphate-fluoride (PF) and chromic acid anodized (CAA) treatments with MEPPQ adhesive were not encouraging. A significant improvement in strength retention and a change in failure mode (cohesive) at 232 C (450 F) was found for the SHA treated specimens compared to the PF and CAA treatments. Although an improvement in long term thermal durability was obtained with the SHA treatment of Ti-6Al-4V, an improved surface treatment with better long term durability is still required for aerospace applications.

Magnetism and Pressure-Induced Superconductivity of Checkerboard-Type Charge-Ordered Molecular Conductor β-(meso-DMBEDT-TTF2X (X = PF6 and AsF6

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Yutaka Nishio

2012-11-01

Full Text Available The metallic state of the molecular conductor β-(meso-DMBEDT-TTF2X (DMBEDT-TTF = 2-(5,6-dihydro-1,3-dithiolo[4,5-b][1,4]dithiin-2-ylidene-5,6-dihydro-5,6-dimethyl-1,3-dithiolo[4,5-b][1,4]dithiin, X = PF6, AsF6 is transformed into the checkerboard-type charge-ordered state at around 75–80 K with accompanying metal-insulator (MI transition on the anisotropic triangular lattice. With lowering temperatures, the magnetic susceptibility decreases gradually and reveals a sudden drop at the MI transition. By applying pressure, the charge-ordered state is suppressed and superconductivity appears in β-(meso-DMBEDT-TTF2AsF6 as well as in the reported β-(meso-DMBEDT-TTF2PF6. The charge-ordered spin-gapped state and the pressure-induced superconducting state are discussed through the paired-electron crystal (PEC model, where the spin-bonded electron pairs stay and become mobile in the crystal, namely the valence-bond solid (VBS and the resonant valence bonded (RVB state in the quarter-filled band structure.

Improving BPH symptoms and sexual dysfunctions with a saw palmetto preparation? Results from a pilot trial.

Science.gov (United States)

Suter, Andreas; Saller, Reinhard; Riedi, Eugen; Heinrich, Michael

2013-02-01

In elderly men, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a major risk factor for sexual dysfunctions (SDys). Additionally, the standard treatments for BPH symptoms, alpha blockers and 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors, cause SDys themselves. Preparations from saw palmetto berries are an efficacious and well-tolerated symptomatic treatment for mild to moderate BPH and have traditionally been used to treat SDys. We conducted an open multicentric clinical pilot trial to investigate whether the saw palmetto berry preparation Prostasan® influenced BPH symptoms and SDys. Eighty-two patients participated in the 8-week trial, taking one capsule of 320 mg saw palmetto extract daily. At the end of the treatment, the International Prostate Symptom Score was reduced from 14.4 ± 4.7 to 6.9 ± 5.2 (p saw palmetto to show improvement in BPH symptoms and SDys as well. [Corrections made here after initial online publication.] Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Synthesis and electrical characterization of Ca2Nd4Ti6O20 ceramics

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Muhammad Raz

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Ca2Nd4Ti6O20, a layered perov skite structured material was synthesized via a chemical (citrate sol-gel route for the first time using nitrates and alkoxide precursors. Phase analysis of a sample sintered at 1625 °C revealed the formation of an orthorhombic (Pbn21 symmetry. The microstructure of the sample after sintering comprised rod-shaped grains of a size of 1.5 to 6.5µm. The room temperature dielectric constant of the sintered sample was 38 at 100 kHz. The remnant polarization (Pr and the coercive field (Ec were about 400 μC/cm2 and 8.4 kV/cm, respectively. Impedance spectroscopy revealed that the capacitance (13.7 pF and activation energy (1.39 eV of the grain boundary was greater than the capacitance (5.7 pF and activation energy (1.13 eV of the grain.

Phloroglucinol mediates crosstalk between the pyoluteorin and 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol biosynthetic pathways in Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-5

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The antibiotics pyoluteorin and 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG) are involved in the biological control of certain soil-borne diseases by some strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens, including P. fluorescens Pf-5. These secondary metabolites also act as signaling molecules with each compound reported ...

Association of variants in genes related to the immune response and obesity with BPH in CLUE II.

Science.gov (United States)

Lopez, D S; Peskoe, S B; Tsilidis, K K; Hoffman-Bolton, J; Helzlsouer, K J; Isaacs, W B; Smith, M W; Platz, E A

2014-12-01

Chronic inflammation and obesity may contribute to the genesis or progression of BPH and BPH-associated lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). The influence of variants in genes related to these states on BPH has not been studied extensively. Thus, we evaluated the association of 17 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in immune response genes (IL1B, IL6, IL8, IL10, TNF, CRP, TLR4 and RNASEL) and genes involved in obesity, including insulin regulation (LEP, ADIPOQ, PPARG and TCF7L2), with BPH. BPH cases (N = 568) and age-frequency matched controls (N=568) were selected from among adult male CLUE II cohort participants who responded in 2000 to a mailed questionnaire. BPH was defined as BPH surgery, use of BPH medications or symptomatic BPH (American Urological Association Symptom Index Score ⩾ 15). Controls were men who had not had BPH surgery, did not use BPH medications and whose symptom score was ⩽ 7. Age-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using logistic regression. None of the candidate SNPs was statistically significantly associated with BPH. However, we could not rule out possible weak associations for CRP rs1205 (1082C>T), ADIPOQ rs1501299 (276C>A), PPARG rs1801282 (-49C>G) and TCF7L2 rs7903146 (47833T>C). After summing risk alleles, men with ⩾ 4 had an increased BPH risk compared with those with ⩽ 1 (OR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.10-2.89; P(trend) = 0.006). SNPs in genes related to immune response and obesity, especially in combination, may be associated with BPH.

Mechanochemical synthesis and crystal structure of a 1:2 co-crystal of 1,3,6,8-tetraazatricyclo[4.3.1.13,8]undecane (TATU and 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol

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Augusto Rivera

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Solvent-free treatment of 1,3,6,8-tetraazatricyclo[4.3.1.13,8]undecano (TATU with 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol led to the formation of the title co-crystal, C7H14N4·2C8H9ClO. The asymmetric unit contains one aminal cage molecule and two phenol molecules linked via two O—H...N hydrogen bonds. In the aminal cage, the N–CH2–CH2–N unit is slightly distorted from a syn periplanar geometry. Aromatic π–π stacking between the benzene rings from two different neighbouring phenol molecules [centroid–centroid distance = 4.0570 (11 Å] consolidates the crystal packing.

Crystal structure, quantum mechanical investigation, IR and NMR spectroscopy of two new organic perchlorates: (C6H18N3)·(ClO4)3H2O (I) and (C9H11N2)·ClO4(II)

Science.gov (United States)

Bayar, I.; Khedhiri, L.; Soudani, S.; Lefebvre, F.; Ferretti, V.; Ben Nasr, C.

2018-06-01

The reaction of perchloric acid with 1-(2-aminoethyl)piperazine or 5,6-dimethyl-benzimidazole results in the formation of 1-(2-amonioethyl)piperazine-1,4-dium triperchlorate hydrate (C6H18N3)·(ClO4)3·H2O (I) or 5,6-dimethyl-benzylimidazolium perchlorate (C9H11N2)·ClO4(II). Both compounds were fully structurally characterized including single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Compound (I) crystallizes in the centrosymmetric triclinic space group P 1 bar with the lattice parameters a = 7.455 (2), b = 10.462 (2), c = 10.824 (2) Å, α = 80.832 (2), β = 88.243 (2), γ = 88.160 (2) °, Z = 2 and V = 832.77 (3) Å3. Compound (II) has been found to belong to the P21/c space group of the monoclinic system, with a = 7.590 (3), b = 9.266 (3), c = 16.503 (6) Å, β = 107.38 (2) °, V = 1107.69 (7) Å3 and Z = 4. The structures of (I) and (II) consist of slightly distorted [ClO4]- tetrahedra anions and 1-(2-amonioethyl)piperazine-1,4-dium trication (I) or 5,6-dimethyl-benzylimidazolium cations (II) and additionally a lattice water in (I). The crystal structures of (I) and (II) exhibit complex three-dimensional networks of H-bonds connecting all their components. In the atomic arrangement of (I), the ClO4- anions form corrugated chains, while in (II) the atomic arrangement exhibits wide pseudo-hexagonal channels of ClO4 tetrahedra including the organic entities. The lattice water serves as a link between pairs of cations and pairs of anions via several Osbnd H⋯O and N-H⋯O interactions in compound (I). The vibrational absorption bands were identified by infrared spectroscopy. These compounds were also investigated by solid-state 13C, 35Cl and 15N NMR spectroscopy. DFT calculations allowed the attribution of the IR and NMR bands. Intermolecular interactions were investigated by Hirshfeld surfaces. Electronic properties such as HOMO and LUMO energies were derived.

Galvanomagnetic properties in the spin-density-wave phase of (TMTSF)2PF6

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Korin-Hamzic, B.; Bechgaard, K.

1999-01-01

We have measured the magnetoresistance and the Hall effect in the spin-density-wave (SDW) state of (TMTSF) 2 PF 6 down to 2 K and in magnetic fields up to 9 T in order to gain an additional insight into the nature of the possible subphases in the SDW state. We have found that the temperature dependent magnetoresistance anisotropy changes below 4 K; this change being maximal for the current in the lowest conductivity direction. The Hall resistivity has showed different magnetic field dependencies for T>4 K and T<4 K. The resistivity and the Hall resistivity were also investigated as the function of the electric field. The backflow coefficient α does not change below 4 K. (orig.)

Electron oxidation of graphite by fluorospecies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rosenthal, G.L.

1984-09-01

The fluoride-ion affinity (A/sub F - /) of phosphorus pentafluoride was determined to be 100 kcal/mole from the heats of reaction of the Lewis bases SF 4 and ClO 2 F with PF 5 near room temperature. The fluoride-ion affinity of boron trifluoride was determined to be 92 kcal/mole from the heat of reaction of ClO 2 F with BF 3 . The crystal structure of ClO 2 BF 4 was determined and a precise lattice energy was calculated from this structure and used to determined A/sub F - /. Both PF 5 and BF 3 were found to react with graphite in the presence of fluorine gas to yield a variety of non-stoichiometric compounds. The fluoride-ion affinity of silicon tetrafluoride is not known, but it does not react with graphite and F 2 except at high pressures. These and previous results suggested a threshold in oxidizing power of intercalating species below which the oxidative intercalation reaction would not occur. The reduction of C/sub x/PF 6 by PF 3 proved that the reaction is thermodynamically controlled to some extent. The displacement of PF 5 in C/sub x/PF 6 by BF 3 (with a smaller A/sub F - /) suggested that two BF 3 molecules may have a larger fluoride-ion affinity than one PF 5 and that B 2 F 7 - may be a stable anion in graphite. Conductivity studies of PF/sub x/ and BF/sub y/ salts showed that a large drop in conductivity when the reaction reaches first stage is due in the most part to direct fluorination of carbon in graphite

The Structure of Plasmodium falciparum Blood-Stage 6-Cys Protein Pf41 Reveals an Unexpected Intra-Domain Insertion Required for Pf12 Coordination.

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Michelle L Parker

Full Text Available Plasmodium falciparum is an apicomplexan parasite and the etiological agent of severe human malaria. The complex P. falciparum life cycle is supported by a diverse repertoire of surface proteins including the family of 6-Cys s48/45 antigens. Of these, Pf41 is localized to the surface of the blood-stage merozoite through its interaction with the glycophosphatidylinositol-anchored Pf12. Our recent structural characterization of Pf12 revealed two juxtaposed 6-Cys domains (D1 and D2. Pf41, however, contains an additional segment of 120 residues predicted to form a large spacer separating its two 6-Cys domains. To gain insight into the assembly mechanism and overall architecture of the Pf12-Pf41 complex, we first determined the 2.45 Å resolution crystal structure of Pf41 using zinc single-wavelength anomalous dispersion. Structural analysis revealed an unexpected domain organization where the Pf41 6-Cys domains are, in fact, intimately associated and the additional residues instead map predominately to an inserted domain-like region (ID located between two β-strands in D1. Notably, the ID is largely proteolyzed in the final structure suggesting inherent flexibility. To assess the contribution of the ID to complex formation, we engineered a form of Pf41 where the ID was replaced by a short glycine-serine linker and showed by isothermal titration calorimetry that binding to Pf12 was abrogated. Finally, protease protection assays showed that the proteolytic susceptibility of the ID was significantly reduced in the complex, consistent with the Pf41 ID directly engaging Pf12. Collectively, these data establish the architectural organization of Pf41 and define an essential role for the Pf41 ID in promoting assembly of the Pf12-Pf41 heterodimeric complex.

Relevance of LiPF6 as Etching Agent of LiMnPO4 Colloidal Nanocrystals for High Rate Performing Li-ion Battery Cathodes.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Lin; Dilena, Enrico; Paolella, Andrea; Bertoni, Giovanni; Ansaldo, Alberto; Colombo, Massimo; Marras, Sergio; Scrosati, Bruno; Manna, Liberato; Monaco, Simone

2016-02-17

LiMnPO4 is an attractive cathode material for the next-generation high power Li-ion batteries, due to its high theoretical specific capacity (170 mA h g(-1)) and working voltage (4.1 V vs Li(+)/Li). However, two main drawbacks prevent the practical use of LiMnPO4: its low electronic conductivity and the limited lithium diffusion rate, which are responsible for the poor rate capability of the cathode. The electronic resistance is usually lowered by coating the particles with carbon, while the use of nanosize particles can alleviate the issues associated with poor ionic conductivity. It is therefore of primary importance to develop a synthetic route to LiMnPO4 nanocrystals (NCs) with controlled size and coated with a highly conductive carbon layer. We report here an effective surface etching process (using LiPF6) on colloidally synthesized LiMnPO4 NCs that makes the NCs dispersible in the aqueous glucose solution used as carbon source for the carbon coating step. Also, it is likely that the improved exposure of the NC surface to glucose facilitates the formation of a conductive carbon layer that is in intimate contact with the inorganic core, resulting in a high electronic conductivity of the electrode, as observed by us. The carbon coated etched LiMnPO4-based electrode exhibited a specific capacity of 118 mA h g(-1) at 1C, with a stable cycling performance and a capacity retention of 92% after 120 cycles at different C-rates. The delivered capacities were higher than those of electrodes based on not etched carbon coated NCs, which never exceeded 30 mA h g(-1). The rate capability here reported for the carbon coated etched LiMnPO4 nanocrystals represents an important result, taking into account that in the electrode formulation 80% wt is made of the active material and the adopted charge protocol is based on reasonable fast charge times.

Quantitative description of thermodynamic and kinetic properties of the platelet factor 4/heparin bonds

Science.gov (United States)

Nguyen, Thi-Huong; Greinacher, Andreas; Delcea, Mihaela

2015-05-01

Heparin is the most important antithrombotic drug in hospitals. It binds to the endogenous tetrameric protein platelet factor 4 (PF4) forming PF4/heparin complexes which may cause a severe immune-mediated adverse drug reaction, so-called heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). Although new heparin drugs have been synthesized to reduce such a risk, detailed bond dynamics of the PF4/heparin complexes have not been clearly understood. In this study, single molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS) is utilized to characterize the interaction of PF4 with heparins of defined length (5-, 6-, 8-, 12-, and 16-mers). Analysis of the force-distance curves shows that PF4/heparin binding strength rises with increasing heparin length. In addition, two binding pathways in the PF4/short heparins (=8-mers) are identified. We provide a model for the PF4/heparin complexes in which short heparins bind to one PF4 tetramer, while long heparins bind to two PF4 tetramers. We propose that the interaction between long heparins and PF4s is not only due to charge differences as generally assumed, but also due to hydrophobic interaction between two PF4s which are brought close to each other by long heparin. This complicated interaction induces PF4/heparin complexes more stable than other ligand-receptor interactions. Our results also reveal that the boundary between antigenic and non-antigenic heparins is between 8- and 12-mers. These observations are particularly important to understand processes in which PF4-heparin interactions are involved and to develop new heparin-derived drugs.Heparin is the most important antithrombotic drug in hospitals. It binds to the endogenous tetrameric protein platelet factor 4 (PF4) forming PF4/heparin complexes which may cause a severe immune-mediated adverse drug reaction, so-called heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). Although new heparin drugs have been synthesized to reduce such a risk, detailed bond dynamics of the PF4/heparin complexes have not been clearly

Influence of Nitrogen Source on 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol Production by the Biocontrol Strain Pf-5

OpenAIRE

M, Hultberg; B, Alsanius

2008-01-01

The production of 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG) by the biocontrol agent Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-5 was studied in nutrient-solution based media with varying nitrogen content. No production of DAPG was observed when organic nitrogen was omitted from the media, regardless of the inorganic nitrogen source used. Furthermore, a micromolar concentration range of organic nitrogen was insufficient to sustain production. When a millimolar concentration range of organic nitrogen was used, DAPG pr...

Li ⁺ solvation and kinetics of Li⁺–BF₄^-/PF ₆ ^- ion pairs in ethylene carbonate. A molecular dynamics study with classical rate theories

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chang, Tsun-Mei [Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Parkside, Kenosha, Wisconsin 53141, USA; Dang, Liem X. [Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 93352, USA

2017-10-28

Using our polarizable force-field models and employing classical rate theories of chemical reactions, we examine the ethylene carbonate (EC) exchange process between the first and second solvation shells around Li+ and the dissociation kinetics of ion pairs Li+-[BF4] and Li+-[PF6] in this solvent. We calculate the exchange rates using transition state theory and correct them with transmission coefficients computed by the reactive flux; Impey, Madden, and McDonald approaches; and Grote-Hynes theory. We found the residence times of EC around Li+ ions varied from 70 to 450 ps, depending on the correction method used. We found the relaxation times changed significantly from Li+-[BF4] to Li+-[PF6] ion pairs in EC. Our results also show that, in addition to affecting the free energy of dissociation in EC, the anion type also significantly influence the dissociation kinetics of ion pairing. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences. The calculations were carried out using computer resources provided by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences.

6-Bromo-2-(1,4-dibromo-4-methylcyclohexyl-6-methylheptan-4-one

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Ahmed Benharref

2017-11-01

Full Text Available The title compound, C15H25Br3O, was synthesized in one step from a mixture of α-atlantone [2-methyl-6-(4-methylcyclohex-3-en-1-ylhepta-2,5-dien-4-one] and γ-atlantone [2-methyl-6-(4-methylcyclohex-3-en-1-ylidenehept-2-en-4-one], which were isolated from an essential oil of the Atlas cedar (Cedrus Atlantica. The molecule is built up from the bromo ethyl cyclohexane ring, which has a substituent bromomethylhexanone group. The cyclohexane ring adopts a chair conformation. In the crystal, molecules are linked by C—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming zigzag chains parallel to [100].

Neodymium and uranium borohydride complexes, precursors to cationic derivatives: comparison of 4f and 5f element complexes; Complexes borohydrures du neodyme et de l'uranium, precurseurs de derives cationiques: comparaison de complexes des elements 4f et 5f

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cendrowski-Guillaume, S.M. [Bordeaux-1 Univ., Lab. de Chimie des Polymeres Organiques, CNRS (UMR 5629), ENSCPB, 33 - Pessac (France); Le Gland, G.; Lance, M.; Nierlich, M.; Ephritikhine, M. [CEA Saclay, Dept. de Recherche sur l' Etat Condense, les Atomes et les Molecules, 91 - Gif sur Yvette (France)

2002-02-01

Nd(BH{sub 4}){sub 3}(THF){sub 3}, 1, reacted with KCp{sup *}, KP{sup *} and K{sub 2}COT (Cp{sup *} = {eta}-C{sub 5}Me{sub 5}, P{sup *} = {eta}-PC{sub 4}Me{sub 4}, COT = {eta}-C{sub 8}H{sub 8}) to form (Cp{sup *})Nd(BH{sub 4}){sub 2}(THF){sub 2}, 2, [K(THF)][(P{sup *}){sub 2}Nd(BH{sub 4}){sub 2}], 3 and (COT)Nd(BH{sub 4})(THF){sub 2}, 4a, respectively. The mixed ring complexes (COT)Nd(Cp{sup *})(THF), 6, and [(COT)Nd(P{sup *})(THF)], 7a, the alkoxide [(COT)Nd(OEt)(THF)]{sub 2}, 8, and the thiolates [Na][(COT)Nd-(S{sup t}Bu){sub 2}], 11, and [Na(THF){sub 2}][(COT)Nd((COT)Nd){sub 2}(S{sup t}Bu){sub 3}], 12, were similarly synthesised from 4a by reaction with the alkali metal salt of the respective ligand. Protonolysis of the metal-borohydride bonds in 4a or (COT)U(BH{sub 4}){sub 2}(THF), with NEt{sub 3}HBPh{sub 4} in THF afforded the cations [(COT)Nd(THF){sub 4}][BPh{sub 4}), 5, [(COT)U(BH{sub 4})(THF){sub 2}][BPh{sub 4}], 13, and [(COT)U(HMPA){sub 3}][BPh{sub 4}]{sub 2}, 14. These cations allowed the preparation of (COT)U(P{sup *})(HMPA){sub 2}, 15, [(COT)U(P{sup *})(HMPA){sub 2}][BPh{sub 4}], 16, and [(COT)U(HMPA){sub 3}][BPh{sub 4}], 17. The X-ray crystal structures of [(COT)M(HMPA){sub 3}[BPh{sub 4}], M = Nd, 18, U, 17, have been determined, allowing comparison of Nd(III) and U(III) derivatives. (authors)

Spectroscopic and quantum-chemical investigation of association of ions in acetonitrile - LiX (X=I, ClO4, NCS) systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Semenov, S.G.; Solov'eva, L.A.; Akopyan, S.Kh.

1995-01-01

Data on association constants of ions in acetonitrile-salt binary systems, obtained from the data on intensity of IR absorption bands of acetonitrile (Acn) molecules contained in solvate shells of Li + cations, have been analyzed. Using the CCP MO LCAO semiempirical method in the PPDP approximation, electronic structure of acetonitrile molecule and Acn k Li + and Acn m Li + X - complexes has been studied. It is ascertained that relative stability of ionic pairs Acn 3 Li + X - , estimated by the squares of their dipole momenta (characterizing solvation energy) increases in the series X=I, ClO 4 , NCS in agreement with data of spectroscopic experiment, according to which the constant of ion association for LiNCS solution in acetonitrile is much higher than for the systems CH 3 CN-LiI and CH 3 CN-LiClO 4 . 13 refs.,2 figs., 2 tabs.64

The role of platelet factor 4 in local and remote tissue damage in a mouse model of mesenteric ischemia/reperfusion injury.

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Peter H Lapchak

Full Text Available The robust inflammatory response that occurs during ischemia reperfusion (IR injury recruits factors from both the innate and adaptive immune systems. However the contribution of platelets and their products such as Platelet Factor 4 (PF4; CXCL4, during the pathogenesis of IR injury has not been thoroughly investigated. We show that a deficiency in PF4 protects mice from local and remote tissue damage after 30 minutes of mesenteric ischemia and 3 hours of reperfusion in PF4-/- mice compared to control B6 mice. This protection was independent from Ig or complement deposition in the tissues. However, neutrophil and monocyte infiltration were decreased in the lungs of PF4-/- mice compared with B6 control mice. Platelet-depleted B6 mice transfused with platelets from PF4-/- mice displayed reduced tissue damage compared with controls. In contrast, transfusion of B6 platelets into platelet depleted PF4-/- mice reconstituted damage in both intestine and lung tissues. We also show that PF4 may modulate the release of IgA. Interestingly, we show that PF4 expression on intestinal epithelial cells is increased after IR at both the mRNA and protein levels. In conclusion, these findings demonstrate that may PF4 represent an important mediator of local and remote tissue damage.

Clinical outcomes after combined therapy with dutasteride plus tamsulosin or either monotherapy in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) by baseline characteristics: 4-year results from the randomized, double-blind Combination of Avodart and Tamsulosin (CombAT) trial.

Science.gov (United States)

Roehrborn, Claus G; Barkin, Jack; Siami, Paul; Tubaro, Andrea; Wilson, Timothy H; Morrill, Betsy B; Gagnier, R Paul

2011-03-01

• To investigate the influence of baseline variables on the 4-year incidence of acute urinary retention (AUR), benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)-related surgery and overall clinical progression in men treated with tamsulosin, dutasteride, or a combination of both. • The 4-year Combination of Avodart® and Tamsulosin (CombAT) study was a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study of clinical outcomes in men aged ≥ 50 years with symptomatic (International Prostate Symptom Score [IPSS]≥ 12) BPH, with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels of ≥ 1.5 ng/mL and ≤ 10 ng/mL, and a prostate volume (PV) of ≥ 30 mL. • Eligible patients received tamsulosin 0.4 mg, dutasteride 0.5 mg, or a combination of both. • The primary endpoint was time to first AUR or BPH-related surgery. Secondary endpoints included clinical progression of BPH and symptoms. Posthoc analyses of the influence of baseline variables (including age, IPSS health-related quality of life [HRQL], PV, PSA, IPSS, peak urinary flow rate [Q(max) ] and body-mass index [BMI]) on the incidence of AUR or BPH-related surgery, clinical progression of BPH, and symptoms were performed. • There were 4844 men in the intent-to-treat population. Overall baseline characteristics were similar across all patient groups. • Regardless of baseline subgroup, the incidence of AUR or BPH-related surgery was higher in men treated with tamsulosin than in those treated with dutasteride or combined therapy. • Combined therapy was statistically better than tamsulosin in reducing the risk of AUR or BPH-related surgery in subgroups of baseline PV > 42.0 mL, in all subgroups of baseline PSA level, and all other baseline subgroups (P ≤ 0.001). • Across treatment groups, the incidence of clinical progression was highest in men with a baseline IPSS of BPH-related surgery and greater reductions in the RR of clinical progression and symptom deterioration on combined therapy or dutasteride monotherapy than

Hemi(4,4′-bipyridinium hexafluoridophosphate bis(4-aminobenzoic acid 4,4′-bipyridine monohydrate

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yi-Fan Luo

2009-02-01

Full Text Available In the title compound, 0.5C10H10N22+·PF6−·C10H8N2·2C7H7NO2·H2O, the cation is located on a center of symmetry. The crystal structure is determined by a complex three-dimensional network of intermolecular O—H...O, O—H...N, N—H...N and N—H...F hydrogen bonds. π–π stacking interactions between neighboring pyridyl rings are also present; the centroid–centroid distance is 3.643 (5 Å. The hexafluoridophosphate anion is disordered over two positions with site-occupancy factors of ca 0.6 and 0.4.

Cis-[RuCl(BzCN)(N-N)(P-P)]PF6 complexes: Synthesis and in vitro antitumor activity: (BzCN=benzonitrile; N-N=2,2'-bipyridine; 1,10-phenanthroline; P-P=1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino) butane, 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane, or 1,1'-(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene).

Science.gov (United States)

Pereira, Flávia de C; Lima, Benedicto A V; de Lima, Aliny P; Pires, Wanessa C; Monteiro, Thallita; Magalhães, Lorena F; Costa, Wanderson; Graminha, Angélica E; Batista, Alzir A; Ellena, Javier; Siveira-Lacerda, Elisângela de P

2015-08-01

The motivation to use ruthenium complexes in cancer treatment has led our research group to synthesize complexes with this metal and test them against several types of tumor cells, yielding promising results. In this paper the results of biological tests, assessed by the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay, were carried out on the complexes cis-[RuCl(BzCN)(bipy)(dppe)]PF6 (1), cis-[RuCl(BzCN)(bipy)(dppb)]PF6 (2), cis-[RuCl(BzCN)(bipy)(dppf)]PF6 (3) and cis-[RuCl(BzCN)(phen)(dppb)]PF6 (4) which are described [BzCN = b enzonitrile; bipy = 2,2'-bipyridine; phen = 1,10-phenanthroline; dppe = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino) ethane; dppb = 1,4-bis-(diphenylphosphino)butane; dppf = 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]. The present study is focused on the cytotoxic activity of complexes (1)-(4) against four tumor cell lines and on the apoptosis and changes in the cell cycle and gene expression observed in the sarcoma 180 (S180) tumor cell line treated with complex (1). The results demonstrated that this complex inhibits S180 cell growth, with an IC50 of 17.02 ± 8.21 μM, while exhibiting lower cytotoxicity (IC50 = 53.73 ± 5.71 μM) towards lymphocytes (normal cells). Flow cytometry revealed that the complex inhibits the growth of tumor cells by inducing apoptosis as evidenced by an increase in the proportion of cells positive for annexin V staining and G0/G1 phase cell-cycle arrest. Further investigation showed that complex (1) induces a drop in the mitochondrial membrane potential and provokes a decrease in Bcl-2 protein expression and increase in caspase 3 activation, while the increased activation of caspase 8 caused a decrease in the gene expression in caspases 3 and 9. Increases in Tp53 and Bax expressions were also observed. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

[BMIM][PF6] Incorporation Doubles CO2 Selectivity of ZIF-8: Elucidation of Interactions and Their Consequences on Performance.

Science.gov (United States)

Kinik, F Pelin; Altintas, Cigdem; Balci, Volkan; Koyuturk, Burak; Uzun, Alper; Keskin, Seda

2016-11-16

Experiments were combined with atomically detailed simulations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations to understand the effect of incorporation of an ionic liquid (IL), 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([BMIM][PF 6 ]), into a metal organic framework (MOF with a zeolitic imidazolate framework), ZIF-8, on the CO 2 separation performance. The interactions between [BMIM][PF 6 ] and ZIF-8 were examined in deep detail, and their consequences on CO 2 /CH 4 , CO 2 /N 2 , and CH 4 /N 2 separation have been elucidated by using experimental measurements complemented by DFT calculations and atomically detailed simulations. Results suggest that IL-MOF interactions strongly affect the gas affinity of materials at low pressure, whereas available pore volume plays a key role for gas adsorption at high pressures. Direct interactions between IL and MOF lead to at least a doubling of CO 2 /CH 4 and CO 2 /N 2 selectivities of ZIF-8. These results provide opportunities for rational design and development of IL-incorporated MOFs with exceptional selectivity for target gas separation applications.

2-(4-Chlorobenzoyl-3,6-dimethoxynaphthalene

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Noriyuki Yonezawa

2008-03-01

Full Text Available In the title compound, C19H15ClO3, the interplanar angle between the naphthalene and benzene ring systems is 62.67 (6°. The carbonyl group is twisted from both ring planes, with torsion angles of −44.9 (2° with respect to the naphthalene ring and −26.7 (2° with respect to the phenylene ring. There is an intermolecular hydrogen bond between an H atom of one methoxy group and the O atom of the second methoxy group, forming chains along the ac diagonal.

Infrared and Raman spectroscopic studies of interlayer CO32-, NO3-, SO42- and ClO4-in layered double hydroxides (LDHs)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kloprogge, J.T.; Wharton, D.; Frost, R.L.

1998-01-01

Full text: Hydrotalcites (HTs) are also described as layered double hydroxides or anionic clays, due to their layered structure with a charge opposite to that of cationic clays. The number of counterbalancing anions or anionic complexes is essentially unlimited provided that the anion does not form a complex with the cations in the octahedral sheets during the formation. The majority of especially the synthetic but also naturally occurring HTs contain CO 3 2- as the interlayer anion. Other regularly used anions include NO 3 - , OH - , SO 4 2- and Cl - in addition to ClO 4 - and CrO 4 2- . When CO 3 2- is present as a free ion it will exhibit a space group of D 3h . As a result the bending non-planar mode ν 2 (A'2), the antisymmetrical stretching mode ν 3 (E') and the bending angular mode ν 4 (E'), will be observed in the IR spectrum at 880, 1415 and 680 cm -1 , while the symmetric stretching mode ν 1 (A'1) is IR inactive. In the Raman spectrum one will observe ν 1 (A'1), ν 3 (E') and ν 4 (E') (Nakamoto, 1997; Farmer, 1974). In comparison to free CO 3 2- a shift towards lower wavenumbers is generally observed. A band around 3000-3100 cm -1 has been attributed to the bridging mode H 2 O-CO 3 2- . The shift towards lower wavenumbers indicates a lowering of the symmetry from D 3h , to probably C 2s or C ν . As a result the IR inactive ν 1 mode will be activated. Indeed, a weak band has been observed around 1050-1060 cm -1 . In addition, the ν 3 mode shows a small splitting in the order of 30-60 cm -1 . In accordance to the findings of Moroz and Arkhipenko (1991), Kloprogge and Frost (1999) and Hickey et al. (2000) observed weak Raman ν 3 and νv 4 modes at 1053 and 1403 cm -1 . Like in the IR spectra, both ν 3 and νv 4 show a minor shift of 10 to 15 cm -1 . Like free CO 3 2- free nitrate NO 3 - will exhibit a spacegroup of D 3h with A 1 ' Raman actively only, A 2 '' IR active only and 2E' Raman and IR active. This means that the out-of-plane symmetric

Chelate-size effects on the structures, chemical behavior, properties, and catalytic activity of the new palladium(II)-allyl complexes [Pd(eta(3)-1-R-1-C3H4){FcCH=N-CH2-(CH2)(n)-NMe2}][PF6] {Fc = (eta(5)-C5H5)Fe(eta(5)-C5H4), n=2 or 1, and R-1 = h or ph}

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Pérez, S.; López, C.; Bosque, R.; Solans, X.; Font-Bardía, M.; Roig, A.; Molins, E.; van Leeuwen, P.W.N.M.; van Strijdonck, G.P.F.; Freixa, Z.

2008-01-01

The synthesis, X-ray crystal structures, and the study of the solution behavior of the palladium(II) allyl complexes [Pd(eta(3)-1R(1)-C3H4){FcCH=N-CH2-(CH2)(n)-NMe2}][PF6] {with Fc = (eta(5)-C5H5)Fe(eta(5)-C5H4), R-1 = H, and n = 2 (4) or 1 (5) or R-1 = Ph and n = 2 (6) or 1 (7)} are described. The

20 Years of ClO Measurements in the Antarctic Lower Stratosphere

Science.gov (United States)

Nedoluha, Gerald E.; Connor, Brian J.; Mooney, Thomas; Barrett, James W.; Parrish, Alan; Gomez, R. Michael; Boyd, Ian; Allen, Douglas R.; Kotkamp, Michael; Kremser, Stefanie;

Glass transition in the spin-density wave phase of (TMTSF)2PF6

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lasjaunias, J.C.; Biljakovic, K.; Nad, F.

1994-01-01

We present the results of low frequency dielectric measurements and a detailed kinetic investigation of the specific heat anomaly in the spin-density wave phase of (TMTSF)(2)PF6 in the temperature range between 2 and 4 K. The dielectric relaxation shows a critical slowing down towards a ''static'......'' glass transition around 2 K. The jump in the specific heat in different controlled kinetic conditions shows all the characteristics of freezing in supercooled liquids. Both effects give direct evidence of a glass transition in the spin-density wave ground state....

Synthesis, characterization, structure and properties of heterobimetallic complexes [CuNi(μ-OAc) (μ-OH) (μ-OH2) (bpy)2] (BF4)2 and [CuNi(bz)3(bpy)2] ClO4 from 2,2‧ bipyridine

Science.gov (United States)

Kurbah, Sunshine D.; Kumar, A.; Syiemlieh, I.; Dey, A. K.; Lal, R. A.

2018-02-01

Heterobimetallic complexes of the composition [CuNi(bpy)2 (μ-OAc) (μ-OH) (μ-OH2)](BF4)2 (1) and [CuNi(bz)3 (bpy)2]ClO4 (2) were synthesized in moderate yield through solid state reaction and have been characterized by elemental analyses, molar conductance, mass spectra, magnetic moment, EPR, UV-Vis, IR spectroscopies and cyclic voltammetry. The ground state in complex (1) is doublet while that in complex (2), the ground state is a mixture of doublet and quartet, respectively. The structure of the complexes has been established by X-ray crystallography. The electron transfer reactions of the complexes have been investigated by cyclic voltammetry.

4-(2-Azaniumylethylpiperazin-1-ium bis(perchlorate

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mohammad Reza Reisi

2011-09-01

Full Text Available In the title compound, C6H17N32+·2ClO4−, the piperazine ring adopts a chair conformation with the ethylammonium fragment occupying an equatorial position. In the crystal, the dications and perchlorate anions are linked through N—H...O hydrogen bonding and weak C—H...O hydrogen bonding into a three-dimensional supramolecular network.

2-(4-Methylphenyl-7-(2-methylpropoxy-4H-chromen-4-one–6-chloro-2-(4-methylphenyl-7-(2-methylpropoxy-4H-chromen-4-one (19/1

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Vijay M. Barot

2012-08-01

Full Text Available The title co-crystal, 0.95C20H20O3·0.05C20H19ClO3, arises as the chloride carried over during the synthesis shares a position with an aromatic H atom; the partial occupancies are 0.947 (2 and 0.053 (2 for H and Cl, respectively. The molecular structure is stabilized by intramolecular C—H...O contacts, forming pseudo five- and six-membered rings with S(5 and S(6 graph-set motifs, respectively. The crystal structure features π–π stacking interactions between the centroids of the central fused ring systems [centroid–centroid distance = 3.501 (2 Å].

Understanding the thermal instability of fluoroethylene carbonate in LiPF6-based electrolytes for lithium ion batteries

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Koeun; Park, Inbok; Ha, Se-Young; Kim, Yeonkyoung; Woo, Myung-Heuio; Jeong, Myung-Hwan; Shin, Woo Cheol; Ue, Makoto; Hong, Sung You; Choi, Nam-Soon

2017-01-01

Highlights: • The FEC in LiPF 6 -based electrolytes thermally decomposes at elevated temperatures. • Lewis acids in the electrolyte promote de-fluorination of the FEC to form HF. • The HF causes the SEI destruction and severe metal ion dissolution from the cathode. - Abstract: The cycling and storage performances of LiCoO 2 (LCO)-LiNi 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 O 2 (NCM)/pitch-coated silicon alloy-graphite (Si-C) full cells with ethylene carbonate (EC)–based and fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC)–based electrolytes are investigated at elevated temperatures. Excess FEC (used as a co-solvent in LiPF 6 -based electrolytes), which is not completely consumed during the formation of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer on the electrodes, is prone to defluorination in the presence of Lewis acids such as PF 5 ; this reaction can generate unwanted HF and various acids (H 3 OPF 6 , HPO 2 F 2 , H 2 PO 3 F, H 3 PO 4 ) at elevated temperatures. Our investigation reveals that the HF and acid compounds that are formed by FEC decomposition causes significant dissolution of transition metal ions (from the LCO-NCM cathode) into the electrolyte at elevated temperatures; as a result, the reversible capacity of the full cells reduces because of the deposition of the dissolved metal ions onto the anode. Moreover, we demonstrate possible mechanisms that account for the thermal instability of FEC in LiPF 6 -based electrolytes at elevated temperatures using model experiments.

Electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance analysis of the oxygen reduction reaction on Pt-based electrodes. Part 2: adsorption of oxygen species and ClO4(-) anions on Pt and Pt-Co alloy in HClO4 solutions.

Science.gov (United States)

Omura, J; Yano, H; Tryk, D A; Watanabe, M; Uchida, H

2014-01-14

To gain deeper insight into the role of adsorbed oxygenated species in the O2 reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics on platinum and platinum-cobalt alloys for fuel cells, we carried out a series of measurements with the electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) and the rotating disk electrode (RDE) in acid solution. The effects of anion adsorption on the activities for the ORR were first assessed in HClO4 and HF electrolyte solutions at various concentrations. In our previous work (Part 1), we reported that the perchlorate anion adsorbs specifically on bulk-Pt, with a Frumkin-Temkin isotherm, that is, a linear relationship between Δm and log[HClO4]. Here, we find that the specific adsorption on the Pt-skin/Pt3Co alloy was significantly stronger than that on bulk-Pt, in line with its modified electronic properties. The kinetically controlled current density j(k) for the O2 reduction at the Pt-skin/Pt3Co-RDE was about 9 times larger than that of the bulk-Pt-RDE in 0.01 M HClO4 saturated with air, but the j(k) values on Pt-skin/Pt3Co decreased with increasing [HClO4] more steeply than in the case of Pt, due to the blocking of the active sites by the specifically adsorbed ClO4(-). We have detected reversible mass changes for one or more adsorbed oxygen-containing species (Ox = O2, O, OH, H2O) on the Pt-skin/Pt3Co-EQCM and Pt-EQCM in O2-saturated and He-purged 0.01 M HClO4 solutions, in which the specific adsorption of ClO4(-) anions was negligible. The coverages of oxygen species θ(Ox) on the Pt-skin/Pt3Co in the potential range from 0.86 to 0.96 V in the O2-saturated solution were found to be larger than those on pure Pt, providing strong evidence that the higher O2 reduction activity on the Pt3Co is correlated with higher θ(Ox), contrary to the conventional view.

Synthesis and characterisation of some lanthanide perchlorate complexes of 4-nitrosoantipyrine

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jayasankar, H.; Indrasenan, P.

1988-01-01

Seven lanthanide perchlorate complexes of 4-nitrosoantipyrine (NAP) of the general formula [Ln(NAP) 4 ClO 4 ](ClO 4 ) 2 (where Ln=La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Dy and Y), have been synthesised and characterised by elemental analyses, molecular weights, conductances, magnetic moments and infrared and electronic spectral data. In these nine-coordinated complexes, all the four NAP molecules are coordinated bidentately and one of the perchlorate groups is coordinated monodentately. (author). 12 refs

Reactions of [WI2(CO)(NCMe)(η2-RC2R)2] (R = Me, Ph) with pyridines and related ligands, X-ray crystal structure of [WI(CO)(bpy)(η2-MeC2Me)2][BPh4

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Baker, P.K.; Armstrong, E.M.; Drew, M.G.B.

1988-01-01

The reactions of the highly versatile bis(alkyne) compounds [WI 2 (CO)(NCMe)(η 2 -RC 2 R) 2 ] (R = Me, Ph) with pyridine and related ligands to give neutral and cationic alkyne complexes are reported. The x-ray structure of [WI 2 (CO)(bpy)(η 2 -MeC 2 Me) 2 ][BPh 4 ] was also measured and is reported. 10 references, 1 figure, 6 tables

NJP VOLUME 41 NO 4

African Journals Online (AJOL)

PROF. EZECHUKWU

2014-07-24

Jul 24, 2014 ... the hands and feet, with no family history of similar ... ferential diagnoses of pigmentary disorders in our envi- ronment. .... autism, urticaria, mood disorder, β thalassemia and poly- dactyly4,6 ... Pföhler C, Vogt T. The spectrum.

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Adherence In Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea & Symptomatic BPH.

Science.gov (United States)

Metta, Ramesh V V S; Zaka, Awais; Lee, Vincent C; Mador, M Jeffery

2017-04-01

Purpose To determine the short-term and long-term adherence rates with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy in sleep apnea patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) compared to matched controls. Methods A case-control retrospective analysis was performed in a veterans affairs hospital. All symptomatic patients with BPH (n = 107) ever started on CPAP therapy between 2006 and 2012 were compared with controls matched for severity of sleep apnea (AHI). Adherence measures were obtained at the third and twelfth month visits. The cases included symptomatic BPH patients on active medical therapy. Diuretic use among cases and controls, and severity of nocturia among the cases were also analyzed. Results The mean AHI among cases and controls was 35.6 ± 27.3 and 35.5 ± 31 (p = 0.96). The population was male and predominantly Caucasian. There was no statistically significant difference in percent days CPAP device use ≥4 h. between symptomatic BPH patients and controls at 3-month (51.6 ± 38 vs. 47.2 ± 36; p = 0.43) and 1-year (64 ± 40.5 vs. 64.7 ± 31.3; p = 0.90) visits. The use of diuretics in the cases and controls, and the severity of nocturia in the cases did not influence adherence with CPAP therapy. Conclusions BPH or diuretic use did not affect adherence with CPAP therapy in obstructive sleep apnea. Severity of nocturia did not have any influence on adherence among the cases. BPH, regardless of the severity of nocturia, and diuretic use does not influence CPAP adherence in patients with OSA.

Study on the pyrolysis of phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin and modified PF resin

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wang, Jigang, E-mail: wangjigang@seu.edu.cn [Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189 (China); Jiang, Haiyun [Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189 (China); School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing 210013 (China); Jiang, Nan [Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093 (China)

2009-12-10

The pyrolysis of pure phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin and boron carbide (B{sub 4}C) modified PF resin was investigated by using thermogravimetry (TG) and pyrolysis gas-chromatography-mass-spectrometry (PY-GC/MS). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy were also employed to investigate the micro-structural evolution. It was shown from the TG analysis that the char residues of pure PF resin were 62.9 and 60.5% after being pyrolyzed at 700 and 1000 {sup o}C, respectively. The degradation and failure of the resin matrix were mainly resulted from the release of volatiles. The phenol and its methyl derivates took a large proportion in the amount of volatiles. In comparison with the pure PF resin, the char residues of B{sub 4}C modified PF resin were obviously higher, with the values of 71.9 and 68.4% at 700 and 1000 {sup o}C, respectively. Due to the oxidation-reduction reactions between B{sub 4}C additive and oxygen-containing volatiles including CO and H{sub 2}O, partial carbon and oxygen elements in the volatiles remained in the resin matrix in the forms of amorphous carbon and B{sub 2}O{sub 3}, respectively. The results of SEM and FT-IR characterization demonstrated the occurrence of the modification, and the amorphous carbon existed in the form of reticular substance. In addition, the amount of the released phenol and its methyl derivates was also decreased drastically due to the formation of borate.

Patterns of medical management of overactive bladder (OAB) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in the United States.

Science.gov (United States)

Anger, Jennifer T; Goldman, Howard B; Luo, Xuemei; Carlsson, Martin O; Chapman, Douglass; Zou, Kelly H; Russell, David; Ntanios, Fady; Esinduy, Canan B; Clemens, J Quentin

2018-01-01

Overactive bladder (OAB) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are highly prevalent conditions that place a large burden on the United States (US) health care system. We sought to analyze patterns of prescription medication usage for incident OAB in men and women, and for incident BPH in men using US health insurance claims data. This study used Truven Health MarketScan® Commercial and Medicare Supplemental Research databases. The data were pooled from diverse points of care. BPH subjects included men age 18+ with the first and last two diagnoses of BPH ≥30 days apart and no BPH diagnosis for 1 year prior. OAB subjects included men and women age 18+, who were diagnosed similarly with incident OAB. The type of medication, medication continuation (persistence), and switching to a different medication were analyzed through September 30, 2013. Medication persistence was much higher overall for BPH than OAB (56% vs 34%, respectively, P BPH age 65+ (62%). Patients age 18-64 were less likely to continue medication than older adults (age 65+) for both BPH and OAB. A 9.4% of patients in the OAB cohort and 6.9% of men with BPH switched from one medication to another. Persistence was higher with BPH than OAB medications overall, whereas switching rates were higher in the OAB group. The lower persistence of OAB medication may be due to less efficacy or tolerability. The possibility of under treatment of OAB also warrants future investigations. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

NEB in Analysis of Optical Flow 4 x 4 and 6 x 6-Patches

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Xia, Shengxiang; Liang, Di

2017-01-01

We apply the nudged elastic band technique to non-lineal high-dimensional datasets, we analyze spaces of 4 x 4 and 6 x 6 optical flow patches and detect their topological properties. We experimentally prove that subsets of 4 x 4 and 6 x 6 optical flow patches can be modeled a circle, which confirm some results of 4 x 4 and 6 x 6 optical flow patches by using a new method-NEB, and expend Adams et al's result to larger patches of optical flow. (paper)

Synthesis of the Novel 4,4?- and 6,6?- Dihydroxamic - 2,2?-Bipyridines and Improved Routes to 4,4?- and 6,6?- Substituted 2,2?-Bipyridines and Mono-N-Oxide-2,2?-Bipyridine

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Donnici Claudio Luis

1998-01-01

Full Text Available The preparation of key precursors for many 2,2?-bipyridine derivatives such as 4,4?-dicarboxy- 2,2?-bipyridine (I, 6,6?-dicarboxy-2,2?-bipyridine- acid (II, 4,4?-dinitro-2,2?-bipyridine-N,N-dioxide (III, 6,6?-dicarbothioamide-2,2?-bipyridine (IV and mono-N-oxide-2,2?-bipyridine (VII through more efficient methods is described. The syntheses of the novel ligands 4,4?-dihydroxamic-2,2?-bipyridine (V and 6,6?-dihydroxamic-2,2?-bipyridine (VI are also reported.

New metal-organic polygons involving MM quadruple bonds: M8(O2CtBu)4(mu-SC4H2-3,4-{CO2}2)6 (M=Mo, W).

Science.gov (United States)

Byrnes, Matthew J; Chisholm, Malcolm H; Patmore, Nathan J

2005-12-12

The reactions between M2(O2CtBu)4, where M=Mo or W, and thienyl-3,4-dicarboxylic acid (0.5-1.5 equiv) in toluene proceed via a series of detectable intermediates to the compounds M8(O2CtBu)4(mu-SC4H2-3,4-{CO2}2)6, which are isolated as air-sensitive yellow (M=Mo) or red (M=W) powders and show parent molecular ions in their mass spectra (MALDI). The structure of the molybdenum complex was determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallography and shown to contain an unusual M8 polygon involving four Mo2 quadruply bonded units linked via the agency of the six 3,4-thienylcarboxylate groups. The structure has crystallographically imposed S4 symmetry and may be described in terms of a highly distorted tetrahedron of Mo2 units or a bisphenoid in which two Mo2 units are linked by a thienyldicarboxylate such that intramolecular Mo2...O bonding is present, while the other thienylcarboxylate bridges merely serve to link these two [Mo2]...[Mo2] units together. The color of the compounds arises from intense M2 delta-to-thienyl pi transitions and, in THF, the complexes are redox-active and show four successive quasi-reversible oxidation waves. The [M8]+ radical cations, generated by one-electron oxidation with AgPF6, are shown to be valence-trapped (class II) by UV-vis-near-IR and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. These results are supported by the electronic structure calculations on model compounds M8(O2CH)4(mu-SC4H2-3,4-{CO}2)6 employing density functional theory that reveal only a small splitting of the M2 delta manifold via mixing with the 3,4-thienylcarboxylate pi system.

Quantum Hall effect and anomalous transport in (TMTSF)2PF6

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Eom, J.; Cho, H.; Kang, W.; Chicago Univ., IL

1999-01-01

Under low temperatures and high magnetic fields, quasi-one dimensional organic conductor (TMTSFP) 2 PF 6 exhibits a series of transitions to field-induced spin density wave (FISDW). Slightly above the onset of superconductivity in (TMTSF) 2 PF 6 , we observe a series of intervening phases that interrupt the sequence of FISDW that gives rise to the quantum Hall effect. These phases can be identified either as negative quantum numbered FISDW states or a puzzling arboresecent phase. Detailed study of the QHE in (TMTSF) 2 PF 6 reveals that the transport in the FISDW phases is dominated by anomalous longitudinal resistivities ρ xx and ρ yy that remain finite at low temperatures. While the quantization of σ xy is not adversely affected at high magnetic fields, the transport in the intermediate magnetic field remains complicated. In addition, the conductivity along applied magnetic field, σ zz , cannot be easily understood in terms of three-dimensional QHE and is suggestive of the importance of inter-layer coupling. (orig.)

Passivation behavior of Type 304 stainless steel in a non-aqueous alkyl carbonate solution containing LiPF6 salt

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Myung, Seung-Taek; Sasaki, Yusuke; Saito, Takamitsu; Sun, Yang-Kook; Yashiro, Hitoshi

2009-01-01

Passivation behavior of type 304 stainless steel in a non-aqueous alkyl carbonate solution containing LiPF 6 salt was studied using electrochemical polarization, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and time of flight-secondary ion mass spectroscopy (ToF-SIMS). Cathodic polarization to 0 V vs. Li/Li + resulted in most but not complete reduction of the air-formed film from oxides to metal on the stainless steel, as confirmed by XPS. For complete elimination of the air-formed film, the surface of the stainless steel was scratched under anodic polarization conditions. At 3 V vs. Li/Li + where an anodic current peak appeared, only an indistinct layer was recognized on the newly scratched surface, according to ToF-SIMS analysis. Above 4 V vs. Li/Li + , substantial passive films were formed, which were composed of oxides and fluorides of iron and chromium. The origin of oxide was due to water contained in the non-aqueous alkyl carbonate solution, and that of fluorides were the result of the decomposition of electrolytic salt, LiPF 6 , especially at higher potential. The resultant passive films were stable in the non-aqueous alkyl carbonate solution containing LiPF 6 salt.

Biological effects of rice harbouring Bph14 and Bph15 on brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Jie; Chen, Qiuhong; Wang, Liangquan; Liu, Jia; Shang, Keke; Hua, Hongxia

2011-05-01

Brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål; BPH) resistance genes Bph14 and Bph15 have been introgressed singly or pyramided into rice variety Minghui 63 (MH63). The antibiosis and antixenosis effects of these rice lines on BPH and the expression of five P450 genes of BPH regulated by these rice lines were investigated in this study. The resistance level of rice lines harbouring resistance genes was improved compared with MH63. MH63::14 (carrying Bph14) had negative effects on the development of males, honeydew excretion of females, the female ratio and the copulation rate compared with MH63. MH63::14 also exhibited antixenosis action against BPH nymphs, female adults and oviposition. Besides these negative effects, MH63::15 (carrying Bph15) could also retard the development of females, lower the fecundity and shorten the lifespan of females. The antixenosis action of MH63::15 was stronger than that of MH63::14. When Bph14 and Bph15 were pyramided, antibiosis and antixenosis effects were significantly enhanced relative to single-introgression lines. Among the five P450 genes of BPH, expression of three genes was upregulated, one gene was downregulated and one gene was unchanged by resistant hosts. Both Bph14 and Bph15 could improve resistance levels of MH63. MH63::15 and MH63::14&15 had greater potential to control BPH infestations than MH63::14. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry.

Synthesis, spectral and thermal studies of some dioxouranium(VI) coordination compounds of 4[N -( 4- hydroxy -3- methoxybenzalidene ) amino] antipyrine semicarbazone and 4[N-(3,4,5- trimethoxybenzalidene) amino] antipyrine semicarbazone

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Singh, Lakshman; Singh, U.P.; Chakraborti, Indranil

2001-01-01

In view of high coordination compounds formed by actinide metal ions, the present work describes the 8, 9 and 10-coordinated compounds of dioxouranium(IV) with 4[N-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzalidene) amino] antipyrine semicarbazone (HMBAAPS) and 4[N-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzalidene) amino] antipyrine semicarbazone (TMBAAPS) with the general composition UO 2 X 2 .L (X = Br - , I - , NCS - or ClO 4 ) and UO 2 X 2 .L (X = NO 3 - or CH 3 COO - , and L HMBAAPS or TMBAAPS). All these complexes were characterized through elemental, spectral and thermal studies. (author)

Receptors for luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) as potential molecular targets for therapy with LHRH antagonist cetrorelix.

Science.gov (United States)

Rozsa, Bernadett; Nadji, Mehrdad; Schally, Andrew V; Dezso, Balazs; Flasko, Tibor; Toth, Gyorgy; Mile, Melinda; Block, Norman L; Halmos, Gabor

2011-04-01

The majority of men will develop symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) after 70 years of age. Various studies indicate that antagonists of LHRH, such as cetrorelix, exert direct inhibitory effects on BPH mediated by specific LHRH receptors. Our aim was to investigate the mRNA for LHRH and LHRH receptors and the expression of LHRH receptors in specimens of human BPH. The expression of mRNA for LHRH (n=35) and LHRH receptors (n=55) was investigated by RT-PCR in surgical specimens of BPH, using specific primers. The characteristics of binding sites for LHRH on 20 samples were determined by ligand competition assays. The LHRH receptor expression was also examined in 64 BPH specimens by immunohistochemistry. PCR products for LHRH were found in 18 of 35 (51%) BPH tissues and mRNA for LHRH receptors was detected in 39 of 55 (71%) BPH specimens. Eighteen of 20 (90%) samples showed a single class of high affinity binding sites for [D-Trp(6) ]LHRH with a mean K(d) of 4.04 nM and a mean B(max) of 527.6 fmol/mg membrane protein. LHRH antagonist cetrorelix showed high affinity binding to LHRH receptors in BPH. Positive immunohistochemical reaction for LHRH receptors was present in 42 of 64 (67%) BPH specimens. A high incidence of LHRH receptors in BPH supports the use of LHRH antagonists such as cetrorelix, for treatment of patients with lower urinary tract symptoms from BPH. Copyright © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Synthesis of 5'-bromo-2'-hydroxy-4,4',6'-trimethoxychalcone from Garcinia nervosa and of its isomer 3'-bromo-2'-hydroxy-4,4',6'- trimethoxychalcone

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Parab, S.J.; Kapdi, S.G.; Naik, C.G.; Kamat, S.P.

The unambiguous syntheses of the naturally occurring 5'-bromo-2'-hydroxy-4,4',6'-trimethoxychalcone 1, a constituent of Garcinia nervosa, and its positional isomer 3'-bromo-2'-hydroxy-4,4',6'-trimethoxychalcone 6 are described...

pltM is important in the phloroglucinol-mediated crosstalk between biosynthetic gene clusters for the antibiotics 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol and pyoluteorin in Pseudomonas protegens Pf-5

Science.gov (United States)

Pseudomonas protegens strain Pf-5 is a well-characterized rhizosphere bacterium known for its production of a diverse spectrum of antimicrobial secondary metabolites. The production of two of these metabolites, 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (2,4-DAPG) and pyoluteorin, is coordinately regulated. Each of...

Estudo do comportamento ácido-base da 4,4'-ditiodipiridina The acid-base properties of 4,4'-dithiodipyridine

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ícaro de Sousa Moreira

1998-10-01

Full Text Available Despite the importance of the 4,4'-dithiodipyridine as an electrode modifier on the protein electrochemical studies and as a remarkable bridged-ligand on conducting electronic density in binuclear mixed valence complexes, there is no data available in the literature concerning acid-base behavior of this compound. Aiming to afford such information we undertook the ionization equilibrium study of this ligand. Although two acid species, DTDPH+ and DTDPH2+ have been detected in solution, only the diacid-form was possible to be isolated as a perclorate salt DTDPH2(ClO42. The ionization constants for the two step equilibrium processes (pKa1=2.70 and pKa2=4.80 were determined by using the spectrophotometric technique and aqueous solutions of CF3COONa, mu=0,1 mol.L-1 .

[Clinical analysis of LPFP, PFNA and BPH in treating femoral intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients].

Science.gov (United States)

Zhu, Li-Jun; Li, Xiao-Fei; Liu, Chao; Lyu, Cheng-Yu

2017-07-25

To evaluate the clinical results of locking proximal femur plate(LPFP), proximal femoral nail antirotation(PFNA) and bipolar hemiarthroplasty(BPH) in the treatment of femoral intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients. Retrospective analysis of the 86 elderly patients with femoral intertrochanteric fractures during June 2011 and August 2016 were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into 3 groups: 26 cases in LPFP group included 10 males and 16 females with an average age of (72.54±4.78) years old, 5 cases of type II of Evans, 12 cases of type III and 9 cases of type IV; 39 cases in PFNA group included 17 males and 22 females with an average age of 74.41±5.65, 11 cases of type II, 18 cases of type III and 10 cases of type IV; 21 cases in BPH group included 9 males and 12 females with an average age of 76.23±6.97, 1 case of type II, 10 cases of type III and 10 cases of type IV. The data of three groups were collected for statistical analysis on the following aspects: operation time, intraoperative blood loss, the length of hospital stay, postoperative complications and Harris score of the hip joint function. The wound healed well and no complication occurred. Eighty-four cases were follow-up, while 2 cases were lost, the follow-up rate was 97.6%. The patients were followed up for 22 to 41 months with an average of 26.3 months. For comparison of operation time and time of the hospital stay, BPH group was shorter than the LPFP and PFNA group( F =19.782, 21.981, P BPH group was less blood loss than the LPFP and PFNA group( F =12.976, P 0.05). For comparison of the postoperative complications, LPFP group was higher than BHP and PFNA group( F =30.976, P 0.05). For comparison of the Harris score of the hip joint at 1 year after operation, BPH and PFNA group were both higher than LPFP group( F =19.692, P BPH and PFNA group ( t =4.971, P >0.05). For elder patient with femoral intertrochanteric fracture, BPH could be the best optional for the shorter

Possible factors influencing high serum Prostate-specific Antigen (PSA in Indonesian patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH

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Djoko Rahardjo

2001-03-01

Full Text Available Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH cases in Indonesia frequently associated with high serum prostate specific antigen (PSA. To explore possible factors that could increase serum PSA level, we performed a retrospective, cross-sectional study on 805 consecutive patients in Sumber Waras and Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospitals from 1994 to 1997. Clinical manifestations were evaluated and prostate biopsies were performed if indicated. Complete histopathological data were only available in 82 BPH patients with no urinary retention from 1998-1999 and a thin section of paraffin blocks of BPH patients which still could be found from 1994-1999 was analyzed using flow cytometer to obtain the S-phase fraction as a parameter of proliferative activity, From 805 patients, 461 (57% presented with urinary retention and need to be catheteized. Catheteization significantly increased PSA level if compared to noncatheterized patients (16.3 vs. 6,8 ng/mL, p= 0,000. Another data of 82 uncatheteized patients from 1998-1999 has revealed that 79 patients (96.3% had chronic prostatitis and 19 (23.2% showed the presence of prostatic-intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN with an increase of PSA level (5.4 ng/mL. The S-phase fraction of BPH without PIN cases was significantly higher in cases with PSA > 4 ng/ml than patients with PSA ≤ 4 ng/ml (I3.1% vs. 8.9%, p=0,008. As conclusion, the high serum PSA level was mostly due to urethral catheteization and increased prostate volume. There was a tendency of increasing PSA in subclinical inflammation and PIN. Cases with high PSA also showed high proliferative activities which is suggestive of mitogenic activity. (Med J Indones 2001; 10:22-8Keywords: BPH, high PSA, PIN, proliferative activity, s-phase fraction

Crystal structure of the Hg4SiS6 and Hg4SiSe6 compounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gulay, L.D.; Olekseyuk, I.D.; Parasyuk, O.V.

2002-01-01

The crystal structures of Hg 4 SiS 6 and Hg 4 SiSe 6 compounds were investigated using X-ray powder diffraction. These compounds crystallize in the monoclinic Cc space group with the lattice parameters a=1.23020(5), b=0.71031(4), c=1.22791(4) nm, β=109.721(3) deg. for Hg 4 SiS 6 and a=1.28110(4), b=0.74034(4), c=1.27471(1) nm, β=109.605(3) deg. for Hg 4 SiSe 6 . Atomic parameters were refined in the isotropic approximation (R I =0.0571 and R I =0.0555 for the Hg 4 SiS 6 and Hg 4 SiSe 6 , respectively)

A nuclear magnetic resonance study of (TMTSF) 2PF 6

Science.gov (United States)

McBrierty, V. J.; Douglass, D. C.; Wudl, F.

1982-09-01

Inverse linewidths and spin-lattice relaxation times of fluorine and proton magnetic resonance spectra are used to examine molecular motion in the organic superconductor (TMTSF) 2PF 6. The results clearly show that rotation of the PF 6- anion is the principal agent for the observed relaxation of fluorine contrary to some suggestions in the current literature. This interpretation is based upon qualitative comparison with relaxation in plastic crystals, where molecular rotation is well characterized, and upon the quantitative agreement between the calculated and observed linewidth change near 90K and the maximum spin-lattice relaxation rate at 140K. There is also motional evidence, supported by X-ray structure measurements, that a phase transition occurs in the vicinity of 160K.

Influence of the lithium salt electrolyte on the electrochemical performance of copper/LiFePO4 composites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Trócoli, Rafael; Morales, Julián; Franger, Sylvain; Santos-Peña, Jesús

2012-01-01

In this work, we studied the influence of the electrolyte salt, LiPF 6 or LiClO 4 , on the electrochemical properties of copper/LiFePO 4 composites. We found a different stability voltage window for the two electrolytes that was remarkably wide for LiPF 6 . Also, copper addition is commonly accepted to increase electrode conductivity, which is beneficial for electrochemical purposes. However, copper is always oxidised to a variable extent depending on the particular electrolyte during the charge phase. Oxidation of the electrolyte solvent (especially with LiClO 4 ) was also observed during the first charge. In the first cycle, copper was more or less efficiently removed from the electrode surface. In subsequent cycles, however, these phenomena failed to occur (LiPF 6 ) or were weaker (LiClO 4 ). In all these configurations, iron is partially dissolved, to an extent dependent on the amount of copper present in the composite and differing with the particular electrolyte used. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy allowed us to identify the process taking place close to 3.6 V in LiPF 6 configuration: Fe(II) from the composites are oxidised and irreversibly complexed by the joint action of HF formed from LiPF 6 and water traces and Cu(I) formed upon charging. Our hypothesis accurately explains the results observed in terms of charge/discharge profiles, capacities provided and capacities evolution upon cycling. Also, our test results testify to the importance of using low contents of copper in the composites and the good properties of LiPF 6 as electrolyte solvent.

Platelet factor 4 impairs the anticoagulant activity of activated protein C.

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

Preston, Roger J S

2012-02-01

Platelet factor 4 (PF4) is an abundant platelet alpha-granule chemokine released following platelet activation. PF4 interacts with thrombomodulin and the gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla) domain of protein C, thereby enhancing activated protein C (APC) generation by the thrombin-thrombomodulin complex. However, the protein C Gla domain not only mediates protein C activation in vivo, but also plays a critical role in modulating the diverse functional properties of APC once generated. In this study we demonstrate that PF4 significantly inhibits APC anti-coagulant activity. PF4 inhibited both protein S-dependent APC anticoagulant function in plasma and protein S-dependent factor Va (FVa) proteolysis 3- to 5-fold, demonstrating that PF4 impairs protein S cofactor enhancement of APC anticoagulant function. Using recombinant factor Va variants FVa-R506Q\\/R679Q and FVa-R306Q\\/R679Q, PF4 was shown to impair APC proteolysis of FVa at position Arg(306) by 3-fold both in the presence and absence of protein S. These data suggest that PF4 contributes to the poorly understood APC resistance phenotype associated with activated platelets. Finally, despite PF4 binding to the APC Gla domain, we show that APC in the presence of PF4 retains its ability to initiate PAR-1-mediated cytoprotective signaling. In summary, we propose that PF4 acts as a critical regulator of APC generation, but also differentially targets APC toward cytoprotective, rather than anticoagulant function at sites of vascular injury with concurrent platelet activation.

Platelet factor 4 impairs the anticoagulant activity of activated protein C.

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

Preston, Roger J S

2009-02-27

Platelet factor 4 (PF4) is an abundant platelet alpha-granule chemokine released following platelet activation. PF4 interacts with thrombomodulin and the gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla) domain of protein C, thereby enhancing activated protein C (APC) generation by the thrombin-thrombomodulin complex. However, the protein C Gla domain not only mediates protein C activation in vivo, but also plays a critical role in modulating the diverse functional properties of APC once generated. In this study we demonstrate that PF4 significantly inhibits APC anti-coagulant activity. PF4 inhibited both protein S-dependent APC anticoagulant function in plasma and protein S-dependent factor Va (FVa) proteolysis 3- to 5-fold, demonstrating that PF4 impairs protein S cofactor enhancement of APC anticoagulant function. Using recombinant factor Va variants FVa-R506Q\\/R679Q and FVa-R306Q\\/R679Q, PF4 was shown to impair APC proteolysis of FVa at position Arg(306) by 3-fold both in the presence and absence of protein S. These data suggest that PF4 contributes to the poorly understood APC resistance phenotype associated with activated platelets. Finally, despite PF4 binding to the APC Gla domain, we show that APC in the presence of PF4 retains its ability to initiate PAR-1-mediated cytoprotective signaling. In summary, we propose that PF4 acts as a critical regulator of APC generation, but also differentially targets APC toward cytoprotective, rather than anticoagulant function at sites of vascular injury with concurrent platelet activation.

Functional Study of Cytochrome P450 Enzymes from the Brown Planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål) to Analyze Its Adaptation to BPH-Resistant Rice.

Science.gov (United States)

Peng, Lei; Zhao, Yan; Wang, Huiying; Song, Chengpan; Shangguan, Xinxin; Ma, Yinhua; Zhu, Lili; He, Guangcun

2017-01-01

Plant-insect interactions constitute a complex of system, whereby plants synthesize toxic compounds as the main defense strategy to combat herbivore assault, and insects deploy detoxification systems to cope with toxic plant compounds. Cytochrom P450s are among the main detoxification enzymes employed by insects to combat the chemical defenses of host plants. In this study, we used Nilaparvata lugens (BPH) to constitute an ideal system for studying plant-insect interactions. By feeding BPHs with artificial diets containing ethanol extracts, we show that biotype Y BPHs have a greater ability to metabolize exogenous substrates than biotype 1 BPHs. NlCPR knockdown inhibited the ability of BPHs to feed on YHY15. qRT-PCR was used to screen genes in the P450 family, and upregulation of CYP4C61, CYP6AX1 , and CYP6AY1 induced by YHY15 was investigated. When the three P450 genes were knocked down, only CYP4C61 dsRNA treatment was inhibited the ability of BPHs to feed on YHY15. These results indicate that BPH P450 enzymes are a key factor in the physiological functions of BPH when feeding on BPH-resistant rice.

BAC and RNA sequencing reveal the brown planthopper resistance gene BPH15 in a recombination cold spot that mediates a unique defense mechanism.

Science.gov (United States)

Lv, Wentang; Du, Ba; Shangguan, Xinxin; Zhao, Yan; Pan, Yufang; Zhu, Lili; He, Yuqing; He, Guangcun

2014-08-11

Brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens Stål), is the most destructive phloem-feeding insect pest of rice (Oryza sativa). The BPH-resistance gene BPH15 has been proved to be effective in controlling the pest and widely applied in rice breeding programs. Nevertheless, molecular mechanism of the resistance remain unclear. In this study, we narrowed down the position of BPH15 on chromosome 4 and investigated the transcriptome of BPH15 rice after BPH attacked. We analyzed 13,000 BC2F2 plants of cross between susceptible rice TN1 and the recombinant inbred line RI93 that carrying the BPH15 gene from original resistant donor B5. BPH15 was mapped to a 0.0269 cM region on chromosome 4, which is 210-kb in the reference genome of Nipponbare. Sequencing bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones that span the BPH15 region revealed that the physical size of BPH15 region in resistant rice B5 is 580-kb, much bigger than the corresponding region in the reference genome of Nipponbare. There were 87 predicted genes in the BPH15 region in resistant rice. The expression profiles of predicted genes were analyzed. Four jacalin-related lectin proteins genes and one LRR protein gene were found constitutively expressed in resistant parent and considered the candidate genes of BPH15. The transcriptomes of resistant BPH15 introgression line and the susceptible recipient line were analyzed using high-throughput RNA sequencing. In total, 2,914 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. BPH-responsive transcript profiles were distinct between resistant and susceptible plants and between the early stage (6 h after infestation, HAI) and late stage (48 HAI). The key defense mechanism was related to jasmonate signaling, ethylene signaling, receptor kinase, MAPK cascades, Ca(2+) signaling, PR genes, transcription factors, and protein posttranslational modifications. Our work combined BAC and RNA sequencing to identify candidate genes of BPH15 and revealed the resistance mechanism

Status of potential PfATP6 molecular markers for artemisinin resistance in Suriname

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Adhin Malti R

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Polymorphisms within the PfATP6 gene have been indicated as potential molecular markers for artemisinin efficacy. Since 2004, the use of artemisinin combination therapy (ACT was introduced as first-line treatment of the uncomplicated malaria cases in Suriname. The aim of this research was to determine changes in Suriname in the status of the polymorphic markers in the PfATP6 gene before and after the adoption of the ACT-regimen, particularly of the S769N mutation, which was reported to be associated with in vitro Artemether resistance in the neighboring country French Guiana. Methods The PfATP6 gene from Plasmodium falciparum parasites in Suriname was investigated in 28 samples using PCR amplification and restriction enzyme analysis, to assess and determine the prevalence of potentially interesting single nucleotide polymorphisms. The polymorphisms [L263E; A623E; S769N], which may be associated with the artemisinin resistant phenotype were characterized in parasites from three endemic regions before and after the adoption of the ACT-regimen. In addition, the status of these molecular markers was compared in paired P. falciparum isolates from patients with recurring malaria after controlled ACT. Results All the investigated samples exhibit the wild-type genotype at all three positions; L263, A623, S769. Conclusion All investigated isolates before and after the adoption of the ACT-regimen and independent of endemic region harbored the wild-type genotype for the three investigated polymorphisms. The study revealed that decreased artemisinin susceptibility could occur independent from PfATP6 mutations, challenging the assumption that artemisinin resistance is associated with these mutations in the PfATP6 gene.

ESR study of weakly irradiated organic conductors: TMTSF-DMTCNQ and (TMTSF)2PF6

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Forro, L.; Beuneu, F.

1982-01-01

ESR experiments are presented on irradiated TMTSF-DMTCNQ and (TMTSF) 2 PF 6 . They suggest that a weak disorder extends the metallic phases to low temperatures. Surprisingly, disorder has no effect on the ESR linewidth of (TMTSF) 2 PF 6 between 20 and 30 K, where the d.c. conductivity changes a lot with disorder. (author)

Identification of α-Chloro-2,2',4,4',6,6'-Hexanitrobibenzyl as an Impurity in Hexanitrostilbene

Science.gov (United States)

Bellamy, A. J.

2010-01-01

The final intermediate in the Shipp synthesis of 2,2‧,4,4‧,6,6‧-hexanitrostilbene (HNS) from TNT, α-chloro-2,2‧,4,4‧,6,6‧-hexanitrobibenzyl, has been extracted and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, chlorine elemental analysis, and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). It has also been shown that digestion in NMP of HNS containing α-chlorohexanitrobibenzyl generates another chlorine-containing by-product, 2-chloro-2‧,4,4‧,6,6‧-pentanitrostilbene. This too has been characterized by NMR spectroscopy, chlorine elemental analysis, and HPLC.

Studies on 4-[N-(furfural) amino] antipyrine complexes of thorium (IV) and dioxouranium (VI)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Agarwal, R.K.; Arora, Kishore; Dutt, Prashant

1997-01-01

Thorium (IV) and dioxouranium (VI) complexes of Schiff base 4-[N-(furfural) amino] antipyrine (FFAP) derived from furfural and 4-aminoantipyrine having general composition ThX 4 .nL (X = Cl - , Br - , NCS - or NO 3 - , n = 2; x = I - or ClO 4 - n = 3, L = FFAP) and UO 2 X 2. nL (X Br - , I - , NCS - ,NO 3 - or CH 3 COO - , n = 2; X = ClO 4 - n = 3, L = FFAP) have been synthesized and characterized by molecular weight, conductivity, IR spectral and thermoanalytical studies. (author)

Functional Study of Cytochrome P450 Enzymes from the Brown Planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål to Analyze Its Adaptation to BPH-Resistant Rice

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Lei Peng

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Plant-insect interactions constitute a complex of system, whereby plants synthesize toxic compounds as the main defense strategy to combat herbivore assault, and insects deploy detoxification systems to cope with toxic plant compounds. Cytochrom P450s are among the main detoxification enzymes employed by insects to combat the chemical defenses of host plants. In this study, we used Nilaparvata lugens (BPH to constitute an ideal system for studying plant-insect interactions. By feeding BPHs with artificial diets containing ethanol extracts, we show that biotype Y BPHs have a greater ability to metabolize exogenous substrates than biotype 1 BPHs. NlCPR knockdown inhibited the ability of BPHs to feed on YHY15. qRT-PCR was used to screen genes in the P450 family, and upregulation of CYP4C61, CYP6AX1, and CYP6AY1 induced by YHY15 was investigated. When the three P450 genes were knocked down, only CYP4C61 dsRNA treatment was inhibited the ability of BPHs to feed on YHY15. These results indicate that BPH P450 enzymes are a key factor in the physiological functions of BPH when feeding on BPH-resistant rice.

(E-2-[4-(Diethylaminostyryl]-1-methylquinolin-1-ium 4-chlorobenzenesulfonate monohydrate

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Suchada Chantrapromma

2014-04-01

Full Text Available The asymmetric unit of the title hydrated salt, C22H25N2+·C6H4ClO3S−·H2O, comprises two 2-[4-(diethylaminostyryl]-1-methylquinolin-1-ium cations, two 4-chlorobenzenesulfonate anions and two solvent water molecules. One ethyl group of both cations displays disorder over two positions in a 0.659 (2:0.341 (2 ratio in one molecule and in a 0.501 (2:0.499 (2 ratio in the other. The sulfonate group of one anion is also disordered over two positions in a 0.893 (7:0.107 (7 ratio. The dihedral angle between the mean plane of the quinolinium ring system and that of benzene ring is 10.57 (18° in one cation and 14.4 (2° in the other. In the crystal, cations, anions and water molecules are linked into chains along the [010] direction by O—H...Osulfonate hydrogen bonds, together with weak C—H...Osulfonate and C—H...Cl interactions. The cations are stacked by π–π interactions, with centroid–centroid distances in the range 3.675 (2–4.162 (3 Å.

LiFSI vs. LiPF6 electrolytes in contact with lithiated graphite: Comparing thermal stabilities and identification of specific SEI-reinforcing additives

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Eshetu, Gebrekidan Gebresilassie; Grugeon, Sylvie; Gachot, Grégory; Mathiron, David; Armand, Michel; Laruelle, Stephane

2013-01-01

Lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl) imide (LiFSI) is regarded as an alternative to the classical LiPF 6 salt in today's LiFePO 4 /graphite-based Li-ion batteries electrolyte owing to its slightly higher conductivity and lower fluorine content. In an attempt to better evaluate the safety issues, here we report the comparative study of the LiFSI and LiPF 6 based electrolyte/lithiated graphite interface thermal behavior. DSC measurements with LiFSI-based electrolyte reveal a sharp exotherm with large heat release though at higher onset and peak temperatures compared to LiPF 6 -based electrolyte. With the help of GC/MS, 19 F NMR and ESI-HRMS analyses, we assume that this highly energetic peak around 200 °C, which is dependant upon the lithium content, is mainly related to electrochemical reduction of FSI − anion. In a strategy to limit the probability and damage of thermal runaway event, electrolyte additives such as vinylene carbonate (VC), fluoro ethylene carbonate (FEC), di-isocyanato hexane (DIH) and toluene di-isocyanate (TDI) have been investigated and shown to significantly lower the energy associated with the exothermic phenomenon

CLO : The cell line ontology

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Sarntivijai, Sirarat; Lin, Yu; Xiang, Zuoshuang; Meehan, Terrence F.; Diehl, Alexander D.; Vempati, Uma D.; Schuerer, Stephan C.; Pang, Chao; Malone, James; Parkinson, Helen; Liu, Yue; Takatsuki, Terue; Saijo, Kaoru; Masuya, Hiroshi; Nakamura, Yukio; Brush, Matthew H.; Haendel, Melissa A.; Zheng, Jie; Stoeckert, Christian J.; Peters, Bjoern; Mungall, Christopher J.; Carey, Thomas E.; States, David J.; Athey, Brian D.; He, Yongqun

2014-01-01

Background: Cell lines have been widely used in biomedical research. The community-based Cell Line Ontology (CLO) is a member of the OBO Foundry library that covers the domain of cell lines. Since its publication two years ago, significant updates have been made, including new groups joining the CLO

catena-Poly[[[trans-diaquabis(pyridine-κNcobalt(II]-μ-(4-{N′-[1-(3-acetyl-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-ylethylidene]hydrazino}benzoato-κ3O:N,N′-[bis(pyridine-κNcobalt(III]-μ-(4-{N′-[1-(3-acetyl-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-ylethylidene]hydrazino}benzoato-κ3N,N′:O]perchlorate 3.66-hydrate

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Igor O. Fritsky

2008-02-01

Full Text Available The title compound, {[Co2(C15H14N4O32(C5H5N4(H2O2]ClO4·3.66H2O}n, is a one-dimensional coordination polymer, with both CoII and CoIII centres in its structure. The ligand environment surrounding CoIII is formed by two N,N-chelating pyrazole-containing ligands and two pyridine molecules in axial positions. The high-spin CoII ions, situated at crystallographic centres of inversion, exhibit a distorted octahedral coordination mode. The ClO4− anion is linked to the polymer chain via hydrogen bonds. The chains are connected by hydrogen bonds to produce a three-dimensional structure.

Synthesis, solid-state structure and supramolecularity of [Cu(pyterpy2](ClO42

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Mohammed A. Al-Anber

2015-09-01

Full Text Available The copper(II polypyridyl complex [Cu(pyterpy2](ClO42 (3 (pyterpy = 4′-(4-pyridyl-2,2′:6,2″-terpyridine was prepared by the reaction of pyterpy (1 with stoichiometric amounts of [Cu(ClO42·6H2O] (2. The progress of the reaction was controlled by FT-IR and UV–vis spectroscopy. The title complex crystallized in the tetragonal space group I4(1/a with unit cell dimensions of a = 8.6277(1, b = 8.6277(1, c = 57.6398(10 Å, V = 4290.55(12 Å3, and Z = 4. The structure of 3 in the solid-state consists of discrete [Cu(pyterpy2]+ ions with copper(II in a distorted octahedral environment setup by two meridional coordinated tripodal 4′-(4-pyridyl-2,2′:6,2″-terpyridine ligands of which the pyridyl unit stays free. Face-to-face π-interactions between terminal coordinated terpy C5N rings link adjacent [Cu(pyterpy2]2+ units resulting in the formation of a 2D-polymer. The geometrical-to-geometrical centroid distance (d is 3.568 Å.

A new crystal modification of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, (NH42(HPO4

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Bernhard Spingler

2010-04-01

Full Text Available The addition of hexafluoridophosphate salts (ammonium, silver, thallium or potassium is usually used to precipitate complex cations from aqueous solutions. It has long been known that PF6− is sensitive towards hydrolysis under acidic conditions [Gebala & Jones (1969. J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 31, 771–776; Plakhotnyk et al. (2005. J. Fluorine Chem. 126, 27–31]. During the course of our investigation into coinage metal complexes of diphosphine ligands, we used ammonium hexafluoridophosphate in order to crystallize [Ag(diphosphine2]PF6 complexes. From these solutions we always obtained needle-like crystals which turned out to be the title compound, 2NH4+·HPO42−. It was received as the hydrolysis product of NH4PF6. The crystals are a new modification of diammonium hydrogen phosphate. In contrast to the previously published polymorph [Khan et al. (1972. Acta Cryst. B28, 2065–2069], Z′ of the title compound is 2. In the new modification of the title compound, there are eight molecules of (NH42(HPO4 in the unit cell. The structure consists of PO3OH and NH4 tetrahedra, held together by O—H...O and N—H...O hydrogen bonds.

Biochemical responses and DNA damage in earthworms (Eisenia fetida) induced by ionic liquid [omim]PF6.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Xiaoyan; Zhang, Shumin; Wang, Jinhua; Wang, Jun; Shao, Yuting; Zhu, Lusheng

2016-04-01

Ionic liquids that are not that "green" to many organisms have recently been identified. This study examined the subchronic toxicity of the ionic liquid 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([omim]PF6) to earthworms (Eisenia fetida). Earthworms were exposed for a 28-day period (sampled on days 7, 14, 21, and 28) at concentrations of 0, 5, 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (POD)), detoxifying enzyme (glutathione S-transferase (GST)), lipid peroxidation, and DNA damage were measured. ROS significantly accumulated in all the treatment groups; the maximum ROS content was 51.9% higher than the control at 40 mg/kg [omim]PF6 on day 28. Increased SOD activities attenuated over the time of exposure, while the CAT activities of the treatment groups were similar to the controls, except on day 14. Furthermore, the activities of POD and GST were stimulated. Lipid peroxidation in earthworms was not apparent at 5 and 10 mg/kg [omim]PF6 but was quite obvious at 40 mg/kg [omim]PF6. In addition, DNA damage was dose- and time-dependent. In conclusion, [omim]PF6 caused oxidative stress and genotoxicity in earthworms.

Synthesis of novel tripodal-benzimidazole from 2,4,6-tris(p-formylphenoxy)-1,3,5-triazine: Structural, electrochemical and antimicrobial studies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Koc, Ziya Erdem; Bingol, Haluk; Saf, Ahmet O.; Torlak, Emrah; Coskun, Ahmet

2010-01-01

Four new tripodal-benzimidazole derivatives were synthesized by Schiff base reaction between 2,4,6-tris(p-formylphenoxy)-1,3,5-triazine (TRIPOD) and different diamine derivatives. The structures of the obtained compounds were identified by FT-IR, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR and UV-vis spectral data, thermal analysis and elemental analysis. Electrochemical behaviors of the compounds were studied by cyclic voltammetry in DMF including 0.1 M [NBu 4 ] [PF 6 ]. The voltammograms showed peaks having similar characteristics except tripodal-benzimidazole including -NO 2 derivative. In addition, their antimicrobial activities were evaluated by using the standard disk diffusion method in dimethylformamide media. The activities were determined against 4 bacteria cultures by comparing to those of gentamycin.

Identification of a Signal That Mediates the Crosstalk Between Biosynthetic Gene Clusters for the Antibiotics 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol and Pyoluteorin in Pseudomonas protegens Pf-5

Science.gov (United States)

Pseudomonas protegens Pf-5 produces a broad spectrum of secondary metabolites with anti-microbial activity. The production of two of these metabolites, 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG) and pyoluteorin, is coordinately regulated. Our previous study indicated that phloroglucinol, an intermediate in t...

Map-based Cloning and Characterization of the BPH18 Gene from Wild Rice Conferring Resistance to Brown Planthopper (BPH) Insect Pest.

Science.gov (United States)

Ji, Hyeonso; Kim, Sung-Ryul; Kim, Yul-Ho; Suh, Jung-Pil; Park, Hyang-Mi; Sreenivasulu, Nese; Misra, Gopal; Kim, Suk-Man; Hechanova, Sherry Lou; Kim, Hakbum; Lee, Gang-Seob; Yoon, Ung-Han; Kim, Tae-Ho; Lim, Hyemin; Suh, Suk-Chul; Yang, Jungil; An, Gynheung; Jena, Kshirod K

2016-09-29

Brown planthopper (BPH) is a phloem sap-sucking insect pest of rice which causes severe yield loss. We cloned the BPH18 gene from the BPH-resistant introgression line derived from the wild rice species Oryza australiensis. Map-based cloning and complementation test revealed that the BPH18 encodes CC-NBS-NBS-LRR protein. BPH18 has two NBS domains, unlike the typical NBS-LRR proteins. The BPH18 promoter::GUS transgenic plants exhibited strong GUS expression in the vascular bundles of the leaf sheath, especially in phloem cells where the BPH attacks. The BPH18 proteins were widely localized to the endo-membranes in a cell, including the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network, and prevacuolar compartments, suggesting that BPH18 may recognize the BPH invasion at endo-membranes in phloem cells. Whole genome sequencing of the near-isogenic lines (NILs), NIL-BPH18 and NIL-BPH26, revealed that BPH18 located at the same locus of BPH26. However, these two genes have remarkable sequence differences and the independent NILs showed differential BPH resistance with different expression patterns of plant defense-related genes, indicating that BPH18 and BPH26 are functionally different alleles. These findings would facilitate elucidation of the molecular mechanism of BPH resistance and the identified novel alleles to fast track breeding BPH resistant rice cultivars.

Oxidative Stress in BPH.

Science.gov (United States)

Savas, M; Verit, A; Ciftci, H; Yeni, E; Aktan, E; Topal, U; Erel, O

2009-01-01

In the present study, we investigated the relationship between potency of oxidative stress and BPH and this may assist to contribute to the realistic explanation of the ethiopathogenesis of BPH. Seventy four newly diagnosed men with BPH (mean age: 54+/-11.2), who had not undergone any previous treatment for BPH, and 62 healthy volunteers (mean age: 55+/-14) were enrolled in the present study. To determine the antioxidative status of plasma, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was calculated, and to determine the oxidative status of plasma (TOS) total peroxide levels were measured. The ratio of TAC to total peroxide was accepted as an indicator of oxidative stress (OSI). Data are presented as mean SD +/- unless specified. Student t-test and correlation analyses were used to evaluate the statistical significance differences in the median values recorded for all parameters between BPH and control group. Plasma TAC TOS were found in patients and controls (1.70 +/- 0.32, 1.68 +/- 0.19 micromol Trolox Equiv./L), (12.48 +/- 1.98, 12.40 +/- 1.14 micromol / L) respectively. OSI was calculated as 7.57 +/- 1.91, 7.48 +/- 1.33, respectively. Plasma TAC, TOS and OSI levels were not found to be significantly difference between patients and control subjects (p>0.05, p>0.05, p>0.05). The present study has shown that there were not relationship between potency of oxidative stress and BPH. Further well designed studies should be planned to find out whether the oxidative stress-related parameters play role in BPH as an interesting pathology in regard of the etiopathogenesis.

In silico binding affinity studies of N-9 substituted 6-(4-(4-propoxyphenylpiperazin-1-yl-9H-purine derivatives-Target for P70-S6K1 & PI3K-δ kinases

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Manjunath G. Sunagar

2018-03-01

Full Text Available P70-S6K1 & PI3K-δ kinases are identified to be involved in many physiological processes associated with cancer, therefore many of the inhibitors being designed to target these kinases are in clinical trials. In the current study we have exploited the N-9 substituted 6-(4-(4-propoxyphenyl piperazin-1-yl-9H-purine derivatives for their inhibitory properties with the above kinases. We have used an in silico docking study with seventeen purine derivatives for their binding affinity calculations. The binding affinities of these small molecules with P70-S6K1 & PI3K-δ were performed using AutoDock Vina. Among all the compounds, PP16 showed highest binding affinity of −14.7 kcal/mol with P70-S6K1 kinase & −17.2 kcal/mol with PI3K-δ kinases as compared to the molecules under clinical trials (PF-4708671 & IC-87114. Docking studies revealed that N-9 coumarine substituted purine derivative could be one of the potential ligands for the inhibition of P70-S6K1 & PI3K-δ kinases. Hence, this compound can be further investigated by in vitro and in vivo experiments for further validation.

Cycle stability of the electrochemical capacitors patterned with vertically aligned carbon nanotubes in an LiPF6-based electrolyte.

Science.gov (United States)

Chiou, Yi-Deng; Tsai, Dah-Shyang; Lam, Hoa Hung; Chang, Chuan-hua; Lee, Kuei-Yi; Huang, Ying-Sheng

2013-09-07

The miniature ultracapacitors, with interdigitated electrodes of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNTs) and an inter-electrode gap of 20 μm, have been prepared in the LiPF6 organic electrolyte with and without PVdF-HFP gel. PVdF-HFP between two opposing electrodes enhances the device reliability, but lessens its power performance because of the extra diffusion resistance. Also noteworthy are the gel influences on the cycle stability. When the applied voltage is 2.0 or 2.5 V, both the LiPF6 and the gel capacitors exhibit excellent stability, typified by a retention ratio of ≥95% after 10,000 cycles. Their coulombic efficiencies quickly rise up, and hold steady at 100%. Nonetheless, when the applied voltage is 3.5 or 4.0 V, the cycle stability deteriorates, since the negative electrode potential descends below 0.9 V (vs. Li), leading to electrolyte decomposition and SEI formation. For the LiPF6 capacitor, its retention ratio could be around 60% after 10,000 cycles and the coulombic efficiency of 100% is difficult to reach throughout its cycle life. On the other hand, the gel capacitor cycles energy with a much higher retention ratio, >80% after 10,000 cycles, and a better coulombic efficiency, even though electrolyte decomposition still occurs. We attribute the superior stability of the gel capacitor to its extra diffusion resistance which slows down the performance deterioration.

The impact of metabolic syndrome on the responsiveness to α1-blocker in men with BPH/LUTS.

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Y-C; Liu, C-C; Juan, Y-S; Wu, W-J; Li, W-M; Yeh, H-C; Wang, C-J; Huang, C-N; Huang, C-H; Huang, S-P

2013-04-01

Increasing evidence has proposed the components of metabolic syndrome (MtS) as risk factors for the development of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH); therefore, it is thought that MtS may play a role in lower urinary tract symptoms related to BPH (BPH/LUTS) aetiology. Considering the closed relationships between MtS and BPH/LUTS, it is possible that patients with MtS might have different drug responsiveness in men with BPH/LUTS. We prospectively investigated the impact of MtS on responsiveness to α1-blocker in men with BPH/LUTS. We enrolled a total of 109 patients with a mean (SD) age of 59.8 (9.0) years, having a prostate volume of 20 cm(3) or greater with moderate to severe LUTS. All patients received doxazosin GITS (gastrointestinal therapeutic system) 4 mg once daily for a 12-week period of treatment. The efficacy measurement was assessed by the changes from baseline in the total IPSS, maximum urinary flow rate and postvoid residual urine volume. The drug responders were defined as those who had a total IPSS decrease of more than 4 points from baseline after 12 weeks of treatment. Using multiple logistic regression analysis, our results showed that MtS was an independent factor for drug non-responder (OR = 4.26, p = 0.002). The rate of drug responder and total IPSS improvements in patients with MtS significantly decreased as the number of MtS components increased (p = 0.012 and p = 0.026). Among the MtS components, abnormal fasting blood glucose (FBG) was the most significantly independent factor for drug non-responder (OR = 3.17, p = 0.020). This study suggested that the presence of MtS had a significantly negative impact on the responsiveness to α1-blocker in men with BPH/LUTS. Our results are important for BPH/LUTS patients who did not initially respond to α1-blocker or who strive to reduce these metabolic risk factors. © 2013 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

The incidence of acute urinary retention secondary to BPH is increasing among California men.

Science.gov (United States)

Groves, H K; Chang, D; Palazzi, K; Cohen, S; Parsons, J K

2013-09-01

Current epidemiological patterns of adverse events of clinical BPH remain unclear. We investigated trends in acute urinary retention (AUR) associated with BPH in a large, population-based cohort. We utilized the California Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development Database to examine 3 724 016 emergency room (ER) visits in California among men aged  50 years from 2007 to 2010. Outcomes included AUR for which BPH was the primary diagnosis, AUR for which BPH was a secondary diagnosis and urethral catheterization for AUR. We generated adjusted odds ratios (ORadj) using multivariate logistic regression to determine longitudinal trends. A total of 17 023 men presented with a diagnosis of BPH-associated AUR, the unadjusted incidence of which increased from 4.00 per 1000 ER visits in 2007 to 5.23 per 1000 ER visits in 2010 (PBPH-associated AUR increased substantially in a large and ethnically diverse male population of the United States.

Dipole moments of the ground and first excited vibrational states of 35ClO

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yaron, D.J.; Peterson, K.I.; Klemperer, W.

1985-01-01

The v=0 and v=1 dipole moments of ClO were obtained using the molecular beam electric resonance technique. ClO is formed in a supersonically expanded discharge of 10-20% O 2 and 3-4% Cl 2 in an Ar buffer gas. Transitions within the 2 π/sub 3/2/, J=3/2 state of 35 ClO were monitored as a function of electric field up to 1600 v/cm. At zero field, this state is split into eight levels by the magnetic hyperfine structure and lambda doubling. The dipole moments obtained were 1.2980 (12) D for the v=0 state and 1.2779 (19) for the v=1 state (tentative). The difference between these two measured values is 0.0201 D which is significantly lower than the theoretically predicted result of 0.028 D. 2 references

Synthesis of the Novel 4,4’- and 6,6’- Dihydroxamic - 2,2’-Bipyridines and Improved Routes to 4,4’- and 6,6’- Substituted 2,2’-Bipyridines and Mono-N-Oxide-2,2’-Bipyridine

OpenAIRE

Donnici,Claudio Luis; Máximo Filho,Daniel Henrique; Moreira,Leda Lúcia Cruz; Reis,Genuína Teixeira dos; Cordeiro,Estefania Santos; Oliveira,Ione Ma. Ferreira de; Carvalho,Sandra; Paniago,Eucler B.

1998-01-01

The preparation of key precursors for many 2,2’-bipyridine derivatives such as 4,4’-dicarboxy- 2,2’-bipyridine (I), 6,6’-dicarboxy-2,2’-bipyridine- acid (II), 4,4’-dinitro-2,2’-bipyridine-N,N-dioxide (III), 6,6’-dicarbothioamide-2,2’-bipyridine (IV) and mono-N-oxide-2,2’-bipyridine (VII) through more efficient methods is described. The syntheses of the novel ligands 4,4’-dihydroxamic-2,2’-bipyridine (V) and 6,6’-dihydroxamic-2,2’-bipyridine (VI) are also reported. Neste trabalho relatamos ...

CLO-PLA: a database of clonal and bud-bank traits of the Central European flora

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Klimešová, Jitka; Danihelka, J.; Chrtek, Jindřich; de Bello, Francesco; Herben, Tomáš

2017-01-01

Roč. 98, č. 4 (2017), s. 1179 ISSN 0012-9658 R&D Projects: GA ČR GB14-36079G Institutional support: RVO:67985939 Keywords : Clonal traits * Central Europe * CLO-PLA database * bud-bank traits Subject RIV: EH - Ecology, Behaviour OBOR OECD: Ecology Impact factor: 4.809, year: 2016

The 4p-5d, 6d and 4p-6s, 7s transitions of Mo IX

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khatoon, S.; Chaghtai, M.S.Z.; Rahimullah, K.

1979-01-01

The transitions 4p-5d, 6d and 4p-6s, 7s have been studied for the first time in Mo IX. The authors have identified 42 4p-5d, 36 4p-6d, 22 4p-6s and 22 4p-7s transitions, establishing 16 4p 3 5d, 14 4p 3 6d and all the ten 4p 3 6s, 7s levels of the spectrum concerned. The ionization energy is estimated to be (1 323 700 +- 700)cm -1 or (164.11 +- 0.09)eV. The spectrum was recorded in sliding and open spark discharges with a 5 m grazing incidence spectrograph of Lund University (Sweden) from about 40 A to 440 A. (Auth.)

Pressure-induced phase transition of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [bmim][PF6

Science.gov (United States)

Takekiyo, Takahiro; Hatano, Naohiro; Imai, Yusuke; Abe, Hiroshi; Yoshimura, Yukihiro

2011-03-01

We have investigated the pressure-induced Raman spectral change of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([bmim][PF6]) using Raman spectroscopy. The relative Raman intensity at 590 cm-1 of the CH2 rocking band assigned to the gauche conformer of the NCCC dihedral angle of the butyl group in the [bmim]+ cation increases when the pressure-induced liquid-crystalline phase transition occurs, while that at 610 cm-1 assigned to the trans conformer decreases. Our results show that the high-pressure phase transition of [bmim][PF6] causes the increase of the gauche conformer of the [bmim]+ cation.

Properties of Mn0.4Zn0.6Fe2O4 and Mn0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4 as Nanocatalyst for Ammonia Production

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Puspitasari Poppy

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Ammonia synthesis requires high pressure and high temperature process. Unfortunately, the capital intensive cost resulting low yield of ammonia by using recent catalyst which is iron oxide. Therefore, manganese zinc ferrite as a soft ferrite material will be introduced as a new nanocatalyst to enhance the ammonia yield. As a new nanocatalyst for ammonia production, study of comparasion two different concentration of MnZn Ferrite is very important. This paper will compare the yield of ammonia by using two different nanocatalyst which are Mn0.4Zn0.6Fe2O4 and Mn0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4. Both were synthesized by sol-gel method and has been characterize by using FESEM (morphology, XRD (phase identification, EDX (elemental analysis and TPR (oxide reduction. The ammonia was produce with and without magnetic field applied. The result shows that the ammonia yield is higher for Mn0.4Zn0.6Fe2O4 nanocatalyst than Mn0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4 by using magnetic field applied. 67.2% of yield has been achieved by using new nanocatalyst Mn0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4 and magnetic field applied at ambient environment.

Rigid-rod polyamides and polyimides derived from 4,3 ''-diamino-2 ',6 '-diphenyl- or di(4-biphenylyl)-p-terphenyl and 4-amino-4 ''-carboxy-2 ',6 '-diphenyl-p-terphenyl

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Spiliopoulos, IK; Mikroyannidis, JA; Tsivgoulis, GM

1998-01-01

4,3 "-Diamino-2',6'-diphenyl- or di(4-biphenylyl)p-terphenyl (3a or 3b) and 4-amino-4 "-carboxy-2',6'-diphenyl-p-terphenyl (6) were synthesized through pyrylium salts and used for the preparation of rigid-rod polyamides and polyimides. The polymers were characterized by inherent viscosity, elemental

Safety and efficacy of tamsulosin, alfuzosin or silodosin as monotherapy for LUTS in BPH - a double-blind randomized trial.

Science.gov (United States)

Manohar, Chikka Moga Siddaiah; Nagabhushana, Mahadevappa; Karthikeyan, Vilvapathy Senguttuvan; Sanjay, Ramachandra Pudakalkatti; Kamath, Ananth Janardhan; Keshavamurthy, Ramaiah

2017-06-30

Currently alpha1-adrenoceptor blockers (AB) are widely used as first-line therapy to improve lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). We compared the efficacy and safety profile of tamsulosin, alfuzosin and silodosin in LUTS due to BPH. Consecutive consenting male patients (N = 269) undergoing medical management of BPH with AB from February 2012 to October 2015 were enrolled. Patients were randomized to a 0.4 mg tamsulosin (group T), 10 mg alfuzosin (group A) or a 8 mg silodosin (group S) by double-blind randomization. All patients were assessed for improvements and post-void residual urine (PVR) and for adverse drug events (ADE). IPSS showed significant improvement in Group S at the first week (11.7 ±4.18, p = 0.027) and at 3 months (7.97 ±3.84, p = 0.020). QOL showed significant improvement at 1 (2.2 ±0.76, p = 0.020), 4 (1.47 ±0.63, p BPH and objectively improves maximum flow rate. However, silodosin has more adverse events when compared to tamsulosin and alfuzosin.

Synthesis of novel tripodal-benzimidazole from 2,4,6-tris(p-formylphenoxy)-1,3,5-triazine: Structural, electrochemical and antimicrobial studies

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Koc, Ziya Erdem, E-mail: zerdemkoc@gmail.com [Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, 42031 Konya (Turkey); Bingol, Haluk; Saf, Ahmet O. [Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, 42031 Konya (Turkey); Torlak, Emrah [Provincial Control Laboratory, Konya (Turkey); Coskun, Ahmet [Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, 42031 Konya (Turkey)

2010-11-15

Four new tripodal-benzimidazole derivatives were synthesized by Schiff base reaction between 2,4,6-tris(p-formylphenoxy)-1,3,5-triazine (TRIPOD) and different diamine derivatives. The structures of the obtained compounds were identified by FT-IR, {sup 1}H NMR, {sup 13}C NMR and UV-vis spectral data, thermal analysis and elemental analysis. Electrochemical behaviors of the compounds were studied by cyclic voltammetry in DMF including 0.1 M [NBu{sub 4}] [PF{sub 6}]. The voltammograms showed peaks having similar characteristics except tripodal-benzimidazole including -NO{sub 2} derivative. In addition, their antimicrobial activities were evaluated by using the standard disk diffusion method in dimethylformamide media. The activities were determined against 4 bacteria cultures by comparing to those of gentamycin.

In vivo studies on the binding of heparin and its fractions with platelet factor 4

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Walz, D.A.; Hung, G.L.

1985-01-01

PF4 has a half-life in plasma of less than 3 minutes, and its rapid clearance appears to be a function of binding to the vascular endothelium. Once bound to the endothelium, PF4 can be released by heparin in a time-dependent manner; recovery is greater the sooner heparin is administered following PF4 infusion. This heparin-induced release of PF4 can be abolished if the heparin is first complexed with hexadimethrine bromide. Likewise, this heparin-induced release of PF4 is dependent upon the type of heparin used; low molecular weight heparin fractions and fragments do not cause the PF4 rebound seen with intact heparin. Thus, it would appear that low molecular weight forms of heparin are advantageous in that their in vivo administration would not be mediated by such platelet modulators as PF4

Preparation, Spectroscopic Characterization, and Frontier MO Study of the Heteronuclear Luminescent [Pt(2)Au(2)(dmb)(2)(PPh(3))(4)](PF(6))(2) Cluster (dmb = 1,8-Diisocyano-p-menthane). A Cluster with a Formal Au(0)-Au(0) Bond Encapsulated inside a "Pt(2)(dmb)(2)(2+) " Fragment.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Tianle; Drouin, Marc; Harvey, Pierre D.

1999-11-01

The title compound is prepared from the direct reaction of Pt(2)(dba)(3) (dba = dibenzylideneacetone) and [Au(PPh(3))(2)](PF(6)) in the presence of 1,8-diisocyano-p-methane (dmb), with Pt(2)(dmb)(2)Cl(2), [Pt(4)(dmb)(4)(PPh(3))(2)](PF(6))(2), and (PPh(3))AuCl being formed as parallel products. X-ray crystallography reveals the presence of a quasi-linear PPh(3)Au-AuPPh(3) fragment encapsulated inside a "Pt(2)(dmb)(2)(2+)" ring which is axially coordinated with two PPh(3) ligands. The d(AuAu) is 2.5977(6) Å and is indicative of a strong Au-Au single bond. The IR nu(CN) data reveal that the Pt oxidation state is I, which places the Au oxidation state at 0. The PtAu distances are 2.8422(5) and 2.8082(5) Å. The Raman-active nu(Au(2)), nu(PtAu) (b(2g) + a(g)), nu(PtP), nu(AuP), and nu(PtC) are found at 121.2, approximately 100, 85.5, 162.1, 183.1, and 457.2, and 440.9 cm(-)(1), respectively. The PtAu (0.67 mdyn Å(-)(1)) and Au(2) (1.21 mdyn Å(-)(1)) force constants (F) confirm the presence of medium PtAu and strong Au(2) bonding interactions. The absorption spectra are characterized by strong bands at lambda(max) (epsilon, M(-1) cm(-1)) at 316 (32 300), 366 (37 800), and 418 nm (21 500) and lower intensity features at 516 (2860) and 655 nm (834). The cluster is luminescent at low temperatures (solid and frozen glasses), and in the solid state at room temperature, and exhibits an emission band at approximately 875 nm, and an emission lifetime, tau(e), of 4.4 +/- 0.4 ns (solvent = butyronitrile, T = 77 K).

Energy metabolism in BPH/2J genetically hypertensive mice.

Science.gov (United States)

Jackson, Kristy L; Nguyen-Huu, Thu-Phuc; Davern, Pamela J; Head, Geoffrey A

2014-05-01

Recent evidence indicates that genetic hypertension in BPH/2J mice is sympathetically mediated, but these mice also have lower body weight (BW) and elevated locomotor activity compared with BPN/3J normotensive mice, suggestive of metabolic abnormalities. The aim of the present study was to determine whether hypertension in BPH/2J mice is associated with metabolic differences. Whole-body metabolic and cardiovascular parameters were measured over 24 h by indirect calorimetry and radiotelemetry respectively, in conscious young (10-13 weeks) and older (22-23 weeks) BPH/2J, normotensive BPN/3J and C57Bl6 mice. Blood pressure (BP) was greater in BPH/2J compared with both normotensive strains at both ages (PBPH/2J compared with BPN/3J mice (PBPH/2J and normotensive mice when adjusted for activity (P>0.1) suggesting differences in this relationship are not responsible for hypertension. EchoMRI revealed that percentage body composition was comparable in BPN/3J and BPH/2J mice (P>0.1) and both strains gained weight similarly with age (P=0.3). Taken together, the present findings indicate that hypertension in BPH/2J mice does not appear to be related to altered energy metabolism.

(4,4′-Dimethoxy-2,2′-bipyridine-κ2N,N′bis[2-(pyridin-2-ylphenyl-κC1]iridium(III hexafluoridophosphate unknown solvate

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Yano Natsumi

2016-03-01

Full Text Available The asymmetric unit of the title complex, [Ir(C11H8N2(C12H12N2O2]PF6, comprises a [Ir(ppy2(diMeO-bpy]+ cation (Hppy = 2-phenylpyridine and diMeO-bpy = 4,4′-dimethoxy-2,2′-bipyridine and a PF6− anion. The IrIII atom is coordinated by two anionic ppy− ligands, each coordinating in a C^N cyclometalated mode, and one neutral diMeO-bpy ligand, leading to a distorted octahedral geometry defined by a cis-C2N4 donor set. Intermolecular C—F...H contacts lead to a three-dimensional architecture that define columns parallel to a. Unknown disordered solvent molecules reside in these columns with the electron density being treated with SQUEEZE [Spek (2015. Acta Cryst. C71, 9–18]. The unit-cell data do not reflect the presence of the unresolved solvent.

Major contribution of the medial amygdala to hypertension in BPH/2J genetically hypertensive mice.

Science.gov (United States)

Jackson, Kristy L; Palma-Rigo, Kesia; Nguyen-Huu, Thu-Phuc; Davern, Pamela J; Head, Geoffrey A

2014-04-01

BPH/2J mice are recognized as a neurogenic model of hypertension primarily based on overactivity of the sympathetic nervous system and greater neuronal activity in key autonomic cardiovascular regulatory brain regions. The medial amygdala (MeAm) is a forebrain region that integrates the autonomic response to stress and is the only region found to have greater Fos during the night and daytime in BPH/2J compared with BPN/3J mice. To determine the contribution of the MeAm to hypertension, the effect of neuronal ablation on blood pressure (BP) was assessed in BPH/2J (n=7) and normotensive BPN/3J mice (n=7). Mice were preimplanted with radiotelemetry devices to measure 24-hour BP and cardiovascular responses to stress, before and 1 to 3 weeks after bilateral lesions of the MeAm. Baseline BP was 121±4 mm Hg in BPH/2J and 101±2 mm Hg in BPN/3J mice (PstrainBPH/2J mice (PlesionBPH/2J mice was similar during both day and night, suggesting that the MeAm has tonic effects on BP, but the pressor response to stress was maintained in both strains. Midfrequency BP power was attenuated in both strains (PlesionBPH/2J mice (PlesionBPH/2J mice, which is independent of its role in stress reactivity or circadian BP influences.

Bridge joint fabrication and validation for SST-1 PF coil winding pack

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Prasad, Upendra; Sharma, A.N.; Patel, D.; Doshi, K.; Varmora, P.; Khristi, Y.; Pradhan, S.

2014-01-01

Highlights: • Prototype of bridge type joints fabricated and validated successfully. • Bridge type joints fabricated and validated on one of the SST-1 PF#3T coil successfully. • Joint resistance was measured with precision nano volt meter and PXI based data acquisition system. • Leak tightness of joint box was better than 3 × 10 −6 Pa m 3 s −1 . • The measured joint resistance of bridge type joint was ∼1.6 nano ohm. - Abstract: A novel concept of bridge joint for Poloidal field (PF) magnet of SST-1 with damaged winding pack has been realized. This joint has been fabricated on 5th and 6th layers of PF#3T coil winding pack (WP) after validation at 10 kA at liquid helium temperature of 4.2 K in current lead test chamber. The joint resistance of bridge joint was measured ∼1.6 nΩ at flat top DC current of 10 kA. This type of joint could be economically useful for revival of a shorted and damaged WP superconducting PF magnets of Tokamaks. In this paper, details of bridge joint design, fabrication and validations are discussed

Current medical treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms/BPH: do we have a standard?

Science.gov (United States)

Silva, João; Silva, Carlos Martins; Cruz, Francisco

2014-01-01

The pharmacological treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is based on alpha-blockers and 5α-reductase inhibitors isolated or in combination. Silodosin, an alpha-1A specific alpha-blocker is the only innovation in these groups of agents. This classical paradigm is being challenged by antimuscarinics, 5-phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDE5i) and β3-adrenoreceptor agonists. Silodosin is effective in reducing BPH/LUTS, including nocturia and shows little cardiovascular adverse events. Antimuscarinic drugs isolated or in combination with alpha-blockers improve storage symptoms without any harmful effect to the voiding function. PDE5i alone improve BPH/LUTS. Combination of PDE5i with alpha-blockers provides better symptomatic control than alpha-blockers alone. A recent head-to-head comparison of tadalafil 5 mg/day with tamsulosin 0.4 mg/day showed that these agents provided the same improvement in BPH/LUTS and, surprisingly, the same improvement in the urinary flow. In fact, previous studies with tadalafil had not shown any effect of tadalafil on flow. In addition, tadalafil but not tamsulosin improved sexual function. Mirabegron, the first β3-adrenoreceptor agonist, while improving BPH/LUTS in men with bladder outlet obstruction, do not decrease urinary flow or detrusor pressure. The standard medical treatment for BPH/LUTS is still based on alpha-blockers, 5ARIs or its combination. In the future, it is expected that BPH/LUTS treatment will become individualized, according to the type of symptoms, presence of sexual dysfunction and risk of BPH progression. This will challenge our concept of standard treatment for BPH/LUTS.

Cu4Pr6(MoO4)11-Pr2(MoO4)3 system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arzumanyan, G.A.

1982-01-01

Existence boundaries and Dalton compositions (CuPr(MoO 4 ) 2 , CuPr 3 (MoO 4 ) 5 ) of solid solutions that in the mojority are of shcheelite dsitored structure have been determined in the Cu 4 Pr 6 (MoO 4 ) 11 -Pr 2 (MoO 4 ) 3 system. It has been revealed that regions of homogeneity near the CuPr(MoO 4 ) 2 composition have a horseshoeshaped profile

rac-6-Hydroxy-4-(4-nitrophenyl-5-(2-thienylcarbonyl-6-(trifluoromethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidin-2(1H-one monohydrate

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jian-Li Zhang

2010-11-01

Full Text Available The title compound, C16H12F3N3O5S·H2O, was prepared by reaction of 4-nitrobenzaldehyde, 4,4,4-trifluoro-1-(thiophen-2-ylbutane-1,3-dione and urea. The asymmetric unit contains two independent molecules, with essentially identical geometries and conformations. The dihydropyrimidine rings adopt a half-chair conformation. The dihedral angles between the benzene ring and the thiophene ring are 54.82 (8 and 58.72 (8° in the two molecules. The molecular conformation of one of the molecules is stabilized by two intramolecular O—H...O hydrogen bonds, generating an S(6 ring. The crystal structure is stabilized by intermolecular O—H...O and N—H...O hydrogen bonds.

Assessment of TRAC-PF1/MOD1 against a loss-of-grid transient in Ringhals 4 power plant

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sjoberg, A.; Almberger, J.; Sandervag, O.

1989-07-01

A loss of grid transient in a three loop Westinghouse PWR has been simulated with the frozen version of TRAC-PF1/MOD1 computer code. The results reveal the capability of the code to qualitatively predict the different pertinent phenomena and the data comparison was quite encouraging. Accurate predictions of the system response required careful determination of the boundary conditions simulating the turbine governor valves and steam dump valves behaviour. An explicit modeling of the steam generator internals was also found to be important for the results. It was also revealed that the pressurizer system including spray and heaters and their operation should be modeled in some detail for proper response. 4 refs., 18 figs

Anti-Platelet Factor 4/Heparin Antibody Formation Occurs Endogenously and at Unexpected High Frequency in Polycythemia Vera

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Sara C. Meyer

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Background. Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN encounter thromboses due to multiple known risk factors. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT is a thrombotic syndrome mediated by anti-platelet factor 4 (PF4/heparin antibodies with undetermined significance for thrombosis in MPN. We hypothesized that anti-PF4/heparin Ab might occur in MPN and promote thrombosis. Methods. Anti-PF4/heparin antibodies were analyzed in 127 MPN patients including 76 PV and 51 ET. Screening, validation testing, and isotype testing of anti-PF4/heparin Ab were correlated with disease characteristics. Results. Anti-PF4/heparin antibodies were detected in 21% of PV and 12% of ET versus 0.3–3% in heparin-exposed patients. Validation testing confirmed anti-PF4/heparin immunoglobulins in 15% of PV and 10% of ET. Isotype testing detected 9.2% IgG and 5.3% IgM in PV and exclusively IgM in ET. IgG-positive PV patients encountered thromboses in 57.1% suggesting anti-PF4/heparin IgG may contribute to higher risk for thrombosis in MPN. Overall, 45% of PV patients experienced thromboses with 11.8% positive for anti-PF4/heparin IgG versus 7.1% in PV without thrombosis. Conclusion. Anti-PF4/heparin antibodies occur endogenously and more frequently in MPN than upon heparin exposure. Thrombotic risk increases in anti-PF4/heparin IgG-positive PV reflecting potential implications and calling for larger, confirmatory cohorts. Anti-PF4/heparin IgG should be assessed upon thrombosis in PV to facilitate avoidance of heparin in anti-PF4/heparin IgG-positive PV.

How Readable Is BPH Treatment Information on the Internet? Assessing Barriers to Literacy in Prostate Health.

Science.gov (United States)

Koo, Kevin; Yap, Ronald L

2017-03-01

Information about benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) has become increasingly accessible on the Internet. Though the ability to find such material is encouraging, its readability and impact on informing patient decision making are not known. To evaluate the readability of Internet-based information about BPH in the context of website ownership and Health on the Net certification, three search engines were queried daily for 1 month with BPH-related keywords. Website ownership data and Health on the Net certification status were verified. Three readability analyses were performed: SMOG test, Dale-Chall readability formula, and Fry readability graph. An adjusted SMOG calculation was performed to reduce overestimation from medical jargon. After a total of 270 searches, 52 websites met inclusion criteria. Mean SMOG grade was 10.6 ( SD = 1.4) and 10.2 after adjustment. Mean Dale-Chall score was 9.1 ( SD = 0.6), or Grades 13 to 15. Mean Fry graph coordinates (173 syllables, 5.1 sentences) corresponded to Grade 15. Seven sites (13%) were at or below the average adult reading level based on SMOG; none of the sites qualified based on the other tests. Readability was significantly poorer for academic versus commercial sites and for Health on the Net-certified versus noncertified sites. In conclusion, online information about BPH treatment markedly exceeds the reading comprehension of most U.S. adults. Websites maintained by academic institutions and certified by the Health on the Net standard have more difficult readability. Efforts to improve literacy with respect to urological health should target content readability independent of reliability.

Q4 Titanium 6-4 Material Properties Development

Science.gov (United States)

Cooper, Kenneth; Nettles, Mindy

2015-01-01

This task involves development and characterization of selective laser melting (SLM) parameters for additive manufacturing of titanium-6%aluminum-4%vanadium (Ti-6Al-4V or Ti64). SLM is a relatively new manufacturing technology that fabricates complex metal components by fusing thin layers of powder with a high-powered laser beam, utilizing a 3D computer design to direct the energy and form the shape without traditional tools, dies, or molds. There are several metal SLM technologies and materials on the market today, and various efforts to quantify the mechanical properties, however, nothing consolidated or formal to date. Meanwhile, SLM material fatigue properties of Ti64 are currently highly sought after by NASA propulsion designers for rotating turbomachinery components.

6 CFR 13.4 - Investigation.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 6 Domestic Security 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Investigation. 13.4 Section 13.4 Domestic Security DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES § 13.4 Investigation. (a) If an Investigating Official concludes that a subpoena pursuant to the Authority conferred by...

Qianliening capsule treats benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) by ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hope&shola

2012-04-12

Apr 12, 2012 ... shown to be clinically effective in the treatment of BPH, on the expression of PCNA, CyclinD1 and CDK4 in prostatic tissues of ... with QC, or with finasteride that was used as a positive control drug. Treatment with QC or .... (22°C), humidity and a 12 h light/dark cycle with free access to water and standard ...

Chemoselective reduction of 1,4,6-cholestatrien-3-one and 1,4,6-androstatriene-3,17-dione by various hydride reagents.

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Eunjeong; Ma, Eunsook

2007-04-01

The chemoselectivity of rigid cyclic alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl group on the reducing agents was influenced by the ring size and steric factor. Cholesterol (cholest-5-en-3beta-ol) and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) were oxidized with 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone to form 1,4,6-cholestatrien-3-one and 1,4,6-androstatriene-3,17-dione. They were reduced with NaBH(4), lithium tri-sec-butylborohydride (l-Selectride), LiAlH(4), 9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane (9-BBN), lithium triethylborohydride (Super-hydride), and BH(3) x (CH(3))(2)S in various conditions, respectively. Reduction of 1,4,6-cholestatrien-3-one and 1,4,6-androstatriene-3,17-dione by NaBH(4) (4 equiv.) produced 4,6-cholestadien-3beta-ol and 4,6-androstadiene-3beta,17beta-diol, respectively. Reduction by l-Selectride (12 equiv.) afforded 4,6-cholestadien-3alpha-ol and 4,6-androstadiene-3alpha,17beta-diol, chemoselectively. Reaction with Super-hydride (12 equiv.) produced 4,6-cholestadien-3-one and 3-oxo-4,6-androstadien-17beta-ol. Reduction of 1,4,6-cholestatrien-3-one by 9-BBN (14 equiv.) produced 1,4,6-cholestatrien-3alpha-ol, but 1,4,6-androstatriene-3,17-dione was not reacted with 9-BBN in the reaction conditions. Reaction of LiAlH(4) (6 equiv.) formed 4,6-cholestadien-3beta-ol and 3-oxo-1,4,6-androstatrien-17beta-ol. Reduction of 1,4,6-cholestatrien-3-one by BH(3) x (CH(3))(2)S (11 equiv.) gave cholestane as major compound and unlike reactivity of cholesterol, 1,4,6-androstatriene-3,17-dione by 8 equiv. of BH(3) x (CH(3))(2)S formed 3-oxo-1,4,6-androstatrien-17beta-ol. LiAlH(4) and BH(3) x (CH(3))(2)S showed relatively low chemoselectivity.

The clinical significance and risk factors of anti-platelet factor 4/heparin antibody on maintenance hemodialysis patients: a two-year prospective follow-up.

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Delong Zhao

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia is an immune response mediated by anti-PF4/heparin antibody, which is clinically characterized by thrombocytopenia and thromboembolic events. In this study, a prospective and multi-center clinical investigation 1 determined the positive rate of anti-PF4/heparin antibody in maintenance hemodialysis patients in China, 2 identified the related risk factors, and 3 further explored the effect of the anti-PF4/heparin antibody on bleeding, thromboembolic events, and risk of death in the patients. METHODS: The serum anti-PF4/heparin antibody was measured in 661 patients from nine hemodialysis centers, detected by IgG-specific ELISA and followed by confirmation with excess heparin. Risk factors of these patients were analyzed. Based on a two-year follow-up, the association between the anti-PF4/heparin antibody and bleeding, thromboembolic events, and risk of death in the patients was investigated. RESULTS: 1 The positivity rate of the anti-PF4/heparin antibody in maintenance hemodialysis patients was 5.6%. With diabetes as an independent risk factor, the positivity rate of the anti-PF4/heparin antibody decreased in the patients undergoing weekly dialyses ≥3 times. 2 The positivity rate of the anti-PF4/heparin antibody was not related to the occurrence of clinical thromboembolic events and was not a risk factor for death within two years in maintenance hemodialysis patients. 3 Negativity for the anti-PF4/heparin antibody combined with a reduction of the platelet count or combined with the administration of antiplatelet drugs yielded a significant increase in bleeding events. However, the composite determination of the anti-PF4/heparin antibody and thrombocytopenia, as well as the administration of antiplatelet drugs, was not predictive for the risk of thromboembolic events in the maintenance hemodialysis patients. CONCLUSIONS: A single detection of the anti-PF4/heparin antibody did not predict the occurrence

BPH and prostate cancer risk

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Saiful Miah

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Introduction: With the exclusion of non-melanomatous skin malignancy, prostate cancer (PCa is the second most prevalent cancer in men globally. It has been reported that the majority of men will develop benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH by the time they reach their 60s. Together, these prostatic diseases have a significant morbidity and mortality affecting over a billion men throughout the world. The risk of developing prostate cancer of men suffering BPH is one that has resulted in a healthy debate amongst the urological community. Here, we try to address this conundrum with clinical and basic science evidence. Materials and Methods: Data from an online search and contemporary data presented at international urological congresses was reviewed. Results: BPH and PCa can be linked together at a molecular and cellular level on genetic, hormonal, and inflammatory platforms suggesting that these prostatic diseases have common pathophysiological driving factors. Epidemiological studies are weighted towards the presence of BPH having a greater risk for a man to develop PCa in his lifetime; however, a conclusion of causality cannot be confidently stated. Conclusion: The future workload healthcare practitioners will face regarding BPH, and PCa will substantially increase. Further basic science and large epidemiological studies using a global cohort of men are required prior to the urological community confidently counseling their patients with BPH with regards to their PCa risk.

BPH and prostate cancer risk.

Science.gov (United States)

Miah, Saiful; Catto, James

2014-04-01

With the exclusion of non-melanomatous skin malignancy, prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most prevalent cancer in men globally. It has been reported that the majority of men will develop benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) by the time they reach their 60s. Together, these prostatic diseases have a significant morbidity and mortality affecting over a billion men throughout the world. The risk of developing prostate cancer of men suffering BPH is one that has resulted in a healthy debate amongst the urological community. Here, we try to address this conundrum with clinical and basic science evidence. Data from an online search and contemporary data presented at international urological congresses was reviewed. BPH and PCa can be linked together at a molecular and cellular level on genetic, hormonal, and inflammatory platforms suggesting that these prostatic diseases have common pathophysiological driving factors. Epidemiological studies are weighted towards the presence of BPH having a greater risk for a man to develop PCa in his lifetime; however, a conclusion of causality cannot be confidently stated. The future workload healthcare practitioners will face regarding BPH, and PCa will substantially increase. Further basic science and large epidemiological studies using a global cohort of men are required prior to the urological community confidently counseling their patients with BPH with regards to their PCa risk.

Oxidative Stress in BPH

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Murat Savas

2009-01-01

The present study has shown that there were not relationship between potency of oxidative stress and BPH. Further well designed studies should be planned to find out whether the oxidative stress-related parameters play role in BPH as an interesting pathology in regard of the etiopathogenesis. Keywords: benign prostatic hyperplasia, oxidative stress, prostate

Physical mapping of Bph3, a brown planthopper resistance locus in rice

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Jirapong Jairin

2007-09-01

Full Text Available Resistance to brown planthopper (BPH, a destructive phloem feeding insect pest, is an important objective in rice breeding programs in Thailand. The broad-spectrum resistance gene Bph3 is one of the major BPH resistance genes identified so far in cultivated rice and has been widely used in rice improvement programs. This resistance gene has been identified and mapped on the short arm of chromosome 6. In this study, physical mapping of Bph3 was performed using a BC3F3 population derived from a cross between Rathu Heenati and KDML105. Recombinant BC3F3 individuals with the Bph3 genotype were determined by phenotypic evaluation using modified mass tiller screening at the vegetative stage of rice plants. The recombination events surrounding the Bph3 locus were used to identify the co-segregate markers. According to the genome sequence of Nipponbare, the Bph3 locus was finally localized approximately in a 190 kb interval flanked by markers RM19291 and RM8072, which contain twenty-two putative genes. Additional phenotypic experiment revealed that the resistance in Rathu Heenati was decreased by increasing nitrogen content in rice plants through remobilization of nitrogen. This phenomenon should be helpful for identifying the Bph3 gene.

N,N-Diethylanilinium 2,4-dioxo-5-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-6-olate

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Manickam Buvaneswari

2011-12-01

Full Text Available In the crystal structure of the title molecular salt, C10H16N+·C10H4N5O9−, the components are linked through a N—H...O hydrogen bonds. R22(8 ring motifs are formed between inversion-related barbiturate residues. Two intramoleculer N—H...O hydrogen bonds are observed in the anion. The dihedral angle between 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl and barbiturate rings is 53.6 (2°. The N,N-diethylamine substituent is disordered and was modeled as two geometrically equivalent conformers with occupancies of 0.737 (2 and 0.273 (2.

Fridel-Crafts acylation using bismuth triflate in [BMI][PF₆

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Tran, Phuong Hoang; Duus, Fritz; Le, Thach Ngoc

2012-01-01

Bismuth trifluoromethanesulfonate was found to be a good catalyst for the Friedel–Craftsacylation. Bismuthtriflate immobilized in an ionic liquid was the most efficient catalytic system. Bismuthtriflate in [BMI][PF6] catalyzes this reaction under microwave irradiation allowing the rapid synthesis...

Procurement of the ITER magnet components supplied by F4E

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sborchia, Carlo; Oliva, Alessandro Bonito; Rajainmaeki, Hannu; Vostner, Alexander

2009-01-01

Fusion for Energy (F4E) will manage the in-kind contribution from Europe (EU) to ITER of about one quarter of the machine magnet components. This contribution will consist in 10 Toroidal Field (TF) coils, 5 (out of 6) Poloidal Field (PF) coils, 20% of the Nb3Sn conductor used in the TF coils and 15% of the PF coil NbTi conductor. In addition, 12 pre-compression fibreglass rings for the TF system will be procured. This paper presents the complex organization and status of the procurement activities of the F4E magnet components. The technical and managerial challenges, in terms of fabrication, quality assurance and schedule, are also highlighted.

Actions of rilmenidine on neurogenic hypertension in BPH/2J genetically hypertensive mice.

Science.gov (United States)

Jackson, Kristy L; Palma-Rigo, Kesia; Nguyen-Huu, Thu-Phuc; Davern, Pamela J; Head, Geoffrey A

2014-03-01

BPH/2J hypertensive mice have an exaggerated sympathetic contribution to blood pressure (BP). Premotor sympathetic neurons within the rostroventrolateral medulla (RVLM) are a major source of sympathetic vasomotor tone and major site of action of the centrally acting sympatholytic agent, rilmenidine. The relative cardiovascular effect of rilmenidine in BPH/2J versus normotensive BPN/3J mice was used as an indicator of the involvement of the RVLM in the sympathetic contribution to hypertension in BPH/2J mice. BPH/2J and BPN/3J mice were pre-implanted with telemetry devices to measure BP in conscious unrestrained mice. Rilmenidine was administered acutely (n=7-9/group), orally for 14 days, at a wide range of doses (n=5/group), and also infused intracerebroventricularly for 7 days (n=6/group). Acute intraperitoneal rilmenidine induced greater depressor and bradycardic responses in BPH/2J than BPN/3J mice (PstrainBPH/2J mice during the dark (active) period (-6.5 ± 2 mmHg; P=0.006). Chronic orally administered rilmenidine (1-12 mg/kg per day) also had minimal effect on 24-h BP in both strains (P>0.16). The sympathetic vasomotor inhibitory effect of rilmenidine is minimal in both strains and similar in hypertensive BPH/2J and BPN/3J mice. Thus, hypertension in BPH/2J mice is not likely mediated by greater neuronal activity in the RVLM, and agents such as rilmenidine would be an ineffective treatment for this form of neurogenic hypertension.

Fine mapping of the rice Bph1 gene, which confers resistance to the brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens stal), and development of STS markers for marker-assisted selection.

Science.gov (United States)

Cha, Young-Soon; Ji, Hyeonso; Yun, Doh-Won; Ahn, Byoung-Ohg; Lee, Myung Chul; Suh, Seok-Cheol; Lee, Chun Seok; Ahn, Eok Keun; Jeon, Yong-Hee; Jin, Il-Doo; Sohn, Jae-Keun; Koh, Hee-Jong; Eun, Moo-Young

2008-08-31

The brown planthopper (BPH) is a major insect pest in rice, and damages these plants by sucking phloem-sap and transmitting viral diseases. Many BPH resistance genes have been identified in indica varieties and wild rice accessions, but none has yet been cloned. In the present study we report fine mapping of the region containing the Bph1 locus, which enabled us to perform marker-aided selection (MAS). We used 273 F8 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between Cheongcheongbyeo, an indica type variety harboring Bph1 from Mudgo, and Hwayeongbyeo, a BPH susceptible japonica variety. By random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis using 656 random 10-mer primers, three RAPD markers (OPH09, OPA10 and OPA15) linked to Bph1 were identified and converted to SCAR (sequence characterized amplified region) markers. These markers were found to be contained in two BAC clones derived from chromosome 12: OPH09 on OSJNBa0011B18, and both OPA10 and OPA15 on OSJNBa0040E10. By sequence analysis of ten additional BAC clones evenly distributed between OSJNBa0011B18 and OSJNBa0040E10, we developed 15 STS markers. Of these, pBPH4 and pBPH14 flanked Bph1 at distances of 0.2 cM and 0.8 cM, respectively. The STS markers pBPH9, pBPH19, pBPH20, and pBPH21 co-segregated with Bph1. These markers were shown to be very useful for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in breeding populations of 32 F6 RILs from a cross between Andabyeo and IR71190, and 32 F5 RILs from a cross between Andabyeo and Suwon452.

Los Alamos County Fire Department LAFD: TA-55 PF-4 Facility Familiarization Tour, OJT 55260

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rutherford, Victor Stephen [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

2017-07-13

Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) will conduct familiarization tours for Los Alamos County Fire Department (LAFD) personnel at the Plutonium Facility (PF-4) at Technical Area (TA)-55. These familiarization tours are official LANL business; the purpose of these tours is to orient the firefighters to the facility so that they can respond efficiently and quickly to a variety of emergency situations. This orientation includes the ingress and egress of the area and buildings, layout and organization of the facility, evacuation procedures and assembly points, and areas of concern within the various buildings at the facility. LAFD firefighters have the skills and abilities to perform firefighting operations and other emergency response tasks that cannot be provided by other LANL personnel who have the required clearance level. This handout provides details of the information, along with maps and diagrams, to be presented during the familiarization tours. The handout will be distributed to the trainees at the time of the tour. A corresponding checklist will also be used as guidance during the familiarization tours to ensure that all required information is presented to LAFD personnel.

Heat capacity of Sr10(PO4)6Cl2 and Ca10(PO4)6Cl2 by DSC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Venkata Krishnan, R.; Jena, Hrudananda; Govindan Kutty, K.V.; Nagarajan, K.

2008-01-01

Strontium and calcium chloroapatites were synthesized by wet chemical method, characterized by X-ray diffraction and are found to be phase pure materials. The measured room temperature lattice parameter of Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 Cl 2 is a = 9.523 A, c = 6.855 A and for Sr 10 (PO 4 ) 6 Cl 2 is a = 9.876 A, c = 7.188 A. Heat capacity measurements were carried out on Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 Cl 2 and Sr 10 (PO 4 ) 6 Cl 2 by DSC in the temperature range 298-800 K. The heat capacity values of Sr 10 (PO 4 ) 6 Cl 2 is higher at all temperatures than Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 Cl 2 . Enthalpy and entropy increments were computed. Heat capacity values of Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 Cl 2 and Sr 10 (PO 4 ) 6 Cl 2 at 298 K are 758 and 868 J K -1 mol -1 , respectively

Extended BPH renormalization of cutoff scalar field theories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chalmers, G.

1996-01-01

We show through the use of diagrammatic techniques and a newly adapted BPH renormalization method that general momentum cutoff scalar field theories in four dimensions are perturbatively renormalizable. Weinberg close-quote s convergence theorem is used to show that operators in the Lagrangian with dimension greater than four, which are divided by powers of the cutoff, produce perturbatively only local divergences in the two-, three-, and four-point correlation functions. The naive use of the convergence theorem together with the BPH method is not appropriate for understanding the local divergences and renormalizability of these theories. We also show that the renormalized Green close-quote s functions are the same as in ordinary Φ 4 theory up to corrections suppressed by inverse powers of the cutoff. These conclusions are consistent with those of existing proofs based on the renormalization group. copyright 1996 The American Physical Society

The safety and efficacy of hemostasis with Clo-Sur P.A.D. after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jung, Seung Chai; Jae, Hwan Jun; Kim, Sang Youn; Lee, Whal; Chung, Jin Wook; Park, Jae Hyung

2007-01-01

We wanted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a new hemostatic device, Clo-Sur P.A.D., at an arterial access site after performing femoral arterial catheterization to achieve transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). From August 2002 to March 2005, 113 patients who underwent TACE and agreed on using the Clo-Sur P.A.D. were enrolled in this study. We evaluated the mean time interval from compression to the first movement and also to the first walk. We also evaluated such complications as rebleeding, pseudoaneurysm, vascular occlusion, hematoma, infection and pain. For 92 patients who had previous experiences with manual compression, we evaluated their preference of hemostatic method by asking them. Successful hemostasis was achieved with the Clo-Sur P.A.D. in 105 subjects (92%). The mean time interval from compression to the first movement was 201 minutes, and that to the first walk was 267 minutes. There was no statistical difference between the complicated and the uncomplicated groups for the mean time, prothrombin time, Child-Pugh class and platelet count (ρ > 0.05). Rebleeding occurred in 3 patients (2.7%) and mild hematoma around puncture site was noted in 5 patients (5.4%). Eighty-seven patients (95%) preferred Clo-Sur P.A.D. to the manual compression method. The Clo-Sur P.A.D. is a safe and effective hemostatic device and it provides early ambulation after TACE

Anisotropic p-f mixing mechanism explaining anomalous magnetic properties in Ce monopnictides

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Takahashi, H.; Kasuya, T.

1985-01-01

The crystal-field splittings in CeP, PrP and NdP are calculated by considering the point-charge Coulomb interaction, the intra-atomic d-f Coulomb interaction, and the p-f and d-f mixings. The p-f mixing mechanisms, not only between the occupied 4f states and the conduction bands, but also between the unoccupied 4f states and the valence bands make an important contribution to the crystal-field splitting. The fact that the crystal-field potential in CeP is smaller than those in PrP and NdP is due to the occupied 4f level in CeP being shallower. The values of the Slater-Koster integrals, (pfσ) and (pfπ), are determined uniquely from the crystal-field fitting for PrP and NdP. (author)

Conduction anisotropy of the Bechgaard salts

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kezsmarki, I.; Zamborszky, F.; Mihaly, G.; Montgomery, L.K.; Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN

1999-01-01

We report the results of a systematic study on the temperature dependence of the normal state conductivity, measured along the a, b', and c * axis, in a representative set of Bechgaard salts. The anisotropic electron transport of four compounds are compared: (TMTSF) 2 ClO 4 , (TMTSF) 2 PF 6 , (TMTTF) 2 Br and (TMTTF) 2 PF 6 . We analyze the tendency, following this order of the compounds, of the metallic ab' plane conductivity change to a semiconductor like behavior, and we discuss the mechanism of inter- and intra-chain transport. The c * -direction conduction is determined by the nature of the counter-ion and seems to be irrelevant in this comparison. (orig.)

Reactions of the dirhenium(II) complexes Re2X4(dppm)2 (X = Cl, Br; dppm = Ph2PCH2PPh2) with isocyanides. 5. Mixed carbonyl-isocyanide and carbonyl-isocyanide-nitrile complexes of stoichiometry (Re2Cl3(dppm)2(CO)(CNR)(L))PF6 (R = t-Bu, xyl (Xylyl); L = t-BuNC, xylNC, MeCN, EtCN). Structural characterization of the cation (Cl2(CO)Re(μ-dppm)2ReCl (CN-t-Bu)2)+

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fanwick, P.E.; Price, A.C.; Walton, R.A.

1988-01-01

Several dirhenium (II) species that contain mixed sets of carbonyl, isocyanide, and/or nitrile ligands have been prepared from the reactions between Re 2 Cl 4 (dppm) 2 (CO)(CNR) (dppm = Ph 2 PCHPPh 2 ; R = t-Bu, xyl (xylyl)), and the appropriate ligands in the presence of TlPF 6 . The crystal structures of these compounds are reported. The terminally-bound ligand noted in the complexes (Re 2 Cl 3 (dppm) 2 (CO)(CN-t-Bu) 2 )PF 6 and (Re 2 CL 3 (dppm) 2 (CO)(CN-t-Bu)(CNxyl))PF 6 indicates structures that have not been previously reported. Complexes in which there are mixed sets of carbonyl, isocyanide, and nitrile ligands, viz. (Re 2 Cl 3 (dppm) 2 (CO)(CNR)(CNR'))PF 6 are also reported. 20 refs., 1 fig., 5 tabs

5-(2-amimo-4-styryl pyrimidine-4-yl-4-methoxybenzofuran-6-ol

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Atteyat A Labib

2013-05-01

Full Text Available This study describes the organic synthesis of 5-(2-amimo-4-styryl pyrimidine-4-yl-4-methoxy benzofuran-6-ol (SPBF as an example of a benzofuran derivative used as a new series of amyloid imaging agents. These benzofuran derivatives may be useful amyloid imaging agents for detecting B-amyloid plagues in the brain of Alzheimer’s disease. The precursor is 1-[6-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzofuran-5-yl]-phenyl butadiene ketone, which react with guanidine hydrochloride. The purification process was done via crystallization using solvent ethanol. The overall yield was 75% and the structure of the synthesized compound was confirmed by correct analytical and spectral data. Also, The synthesized compound was labeled with radioactive iodine -125 via electrophilic substitution reaction, in the presence of iodogen as an oxidizing agent, the labeling process was carried out at 95oC for 20min. The radiochemical yield was determined by using a thin layer chromatography and the yield was equal to 80%. Preliminary an in-vivo study examined normal mice after intravenous injection through the tail vein and the data showed the labeling compound was quickly cleared from most body organs. The radioiodinated compound showed high brain uptake.The results of this study suggest that radioiodinated (SPBF may be useful as a brain imaging agents.

pVT-Second Virial Coefficients B(T ), Viscosity η(T ), and Self-Diffusion ρD(T) of the Gases: BF3, CF4, SiF4, CCl4, SiCl4, SF6, MoF6, WF6, UF6, C(CH3)4, and Si(CH3)4 Determined by Means of an Isotropic Temperature-Dependent Potential

Science.gov (United States)

Zarkova, L.; Hohm, U.

2002-03-01

We present results on self-consistent calculations of second pVT-virial coefficients B(T), viscosity data η(T), and diffusion coefficients ρD(T) for eleven heavy globular gases: boron trifluoride (BF3), carbon tetrafluoride (CF4), silicon tetrafluoride (SiF4), carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), silicon tetrachloride (SiCl4), sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), molybdenum hexafluoride (MoF6), tungsten hexafluoride (WF6), uranium hexafluoride (UF6), tetramethyl methane (C(CH3)4, TMM), and tetramethyl silane (Si(CH3)4, TMS). The calculations are performed mainly in the temperature range between 200 and 900 K by means of isotropic n-6 potentials with temperature-dependent separation rm(T) and potential well depth ɛ(T). The potential parameters at T=0 K (ɛ, rm, n) and the enlargement of the first level radii δ are obtained solving an ill-posed problem of minimizing the squared deviations between experimental and calculated values normalized to their relative experimental error. The temperature dependence of the potential is obtained as a result of the influence of vibrational excitation on binary interactions. This concept of the isotropic temperature-dependent potential (ITDP) is presented in detail where gaseous SF6 will serve as an example. The ITDP is subsequently applied to all other gases. This approach and the main part of the results presented here have already been published during 1996-2000. However, in some cases the data are upgraded due to the recently improved software (CF4, SF6) and newly found experimental data (CF4, SiF4, CCl4, SF6).

Low intraprostatic DHT promotes the infiltration of CD8+ T cells in BPH tissues via modulation of CCL5 secretion.

Science.gov (United States)

Fan, Yu; Hu, Shuai; Liu, Jie; Xiao, Fei; Li, Xin; Yu, Wei; Cui, Yun; Sun, Mengkui; Lv, Tianjing; He, Qun; Jin, Jie

2014-01-01

Clinical studies suggested thatandrogen might be associated with infiltrating T cells in prostate of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients, but detail of T-cell subset and mechanism still remained unclear. The present study tested the hypothesis that intraprostatic 5 α -dihydrotestosterone (DHT) exerts effects on T cells recruitment by BPH epithelial cells. Prostate tissues from 64 cases of BPH patients after transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) were divided into 2 groups: (1) no medication history; (2) administration of 5 α -reductase type II inhibitor-finasteride 5 mg daily for at least 6 months before surgery. Group 2 presented significantly higher CD8+ T cells infiltration than group 1, but no changes in CD4+ T cells (immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry). In vitro study more CD8+ T cell migrated to the prostate tissue lysates from group 2 and BPH-1 cells in low DHT condition. Transcription of chemokine (C-C motif) Ligand 5 (CCL5) mRNA in BPH-1 cells and chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 5 (CCR5) mRNA in CD8+ T cells were upregulated in low DHT condition (q-PCR). CCL5 expression was also identified to be higher in group 2 prostate tissues by IHC. This study suggested that intraprostatic DHT may participate in regulating inflammatory response which was induced by human prostatic epithelial cell, via modulating CCL5 secretion.

Low Intraprostatic DHT Promotes the Infiltration of CD8+ T Cells in BPH Tissues via Modulation of CCL5 Secretion

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yu Fan

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Clinical studies suggested thatandrogen might be associated with infiltrating T cells in prostate of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH patients, but detail of T-cell subset and mechanism still remained unclear. The present study tested the hypothesis that intraprostatic 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT exerts effects on T cells recruitment by BPH epithelial cells. Prostate tissues from 64 cases of BPH patients after transurethral resection of prostate (TURP were divided into 2 groups: (1 no medication history; (2 administration of 5α-reductase type II inhibitor-finasteride 5 mg daily for at least 6 months before surgery. Group 2 presented significantly higher CD8+ T cells infiltration than group 1, but no changes in CD4+ T cells (immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. In vitro study more CD8+ T cell migrated to the prostate tissue lysates from group 2 and BPH-1 cells in low DHT condition. Transcription of chemokine (C-C motif Ligand 5 (CCL5 mRNA in BPH-1 cells and chemokine (C-C motif receptor 5 (CCR5 mRNA in CD8+ T cells were upregulated in low DHT condition (q-PCR. CCL5 expression was also identified to be higher in group 2 prostate tissues by IHC. This study suggested that intraprostatic DHT may participate in regulating inflammatory response which was induced by human prostatic epithelial cell, via modulating CCL5 secretion.

IgG4-Related Autoimmune Prostatitis: Is It an Unusual or Underdiagnosed Manifestation of IgG4-Related Disease?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María T. Bourlon

2013-01-01

Full Text Available IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD encompasses a wide range of extrapancreatic manifestations. Albeit some are relatively well known, others such as autoimmune prostatitis remain poorly described. We present a 61-year-old Latin-American male with autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP who presented with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS, normal prostate specific antigen (PSA test, and prostate enlargement attributed to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH. He underwent a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP after which symptoms were resolved. On histopathology, prostatic stroma had a dense inflammatory infiltrate rich in plasma cells and lymphocytes; immunohistochemical morphometric assessment showed >10 IgG4-positive plasma cells/high power field (HPF. The diagnosis of IgG4-related prostatitis was postoperatively. We compared the patient characteristics with those of previous reports on Asian patients. Shared findings included prostate enlargement, LUTS (symptoms that can be confused with BPH, and PSA within normal limits or mild elevations. IgG4-related prostatitis is rarely considered as a preprocedural diagnosis, even in patients with evidence of IgG4-RD. Involved prostate zones include mainly central and transitional zones and less frequently the peripheral. Currently, there is insufficient data about the natural history and outcome. Whether steroids, transurethral resection, or both are the treatment of choice needs to be elucidated.

Synthesis, spectroscopic and electrochemical properties of mononuclear and dinuclear bis(bipy)ruthenium(II) complexes containing dimethoxyphenyl(pyridin-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazole ligands

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Passaniti, Paolo; Browne, Wesley R.; Lynch, Fiona C.; Hughes, Donal; Nieuwenhuyzen, Mark; James, Paraic; Maestri, Mauro; Vos, Johannes G.

2002-01-01

The ligands HL1 and H(2)L2 and the complexes [Ru(bipy)(2)L1]PF6.2H(2)O 1, [(Ru(bipy)(2))(2)L2](PF6)(2).7H(2)O 2, {where HL1 = 3-(2', 5'-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-(pyridin-2"-yl)- 1H-1,2,4-triazole, H(2)L2 = 1,4- bis(5'-(pyridin-2"-yl)- 1'H- 1', 2', 4'-triazol-3'-yl)- 2,5-dimethoxybenzene and bipy =

Inhibition of p70S6K1 Activation by Pdcd4 Overcomes the Resistance to an IGF-1R/IR Inhibitor in Colon Carcinoma Cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Yan; Wang, Qing; Chen, Li; Yang, Hsin-Sheng

2015-03-01

Agents targeting insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) are being actively examined in clinical trials. Although there has been some initial success of single-agent targeting IGF-1R, attempts in later studies failed because of resistance. This study aimed to understand the effects of programmed cell death 4 (Pdcd4) on the chemosensitivity of the IGF-1R inhibitor OSI-906 in colorectal cancer cells and the mechanism underlying this impact. Using OSI-906-resistant and -sensitive colorectal cancer cells, we found that the Pdcd4 level directly correlates with cell chemosensitivity to OSI-906. In addition, tumors derived from Pdcd4 knockdown cells resist the growth inhibitory effect of OSI-906 in a colorectal cancer xenograft mouse model. Moreover, Pdcd4 enhances the antiproliferative effect of OSI-906 in resistant cells through suppression of p70S6K1 activation. Knockdown of p70S6K1, but not p70S6K2, significantly increases the chemosensitivity of OSI-906 in cultured colorectal cancer cells. Furthermore, the combination of OSI-906 and PF-4708671, a p70S6K1 inhibitor, efficiently suppresses the growth of OSI-906-resistant colon tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, activation of p70S6K1 that is inhibited by Pdcd4 is essential for resistance to the IGF-1R inhibitor in colon tumor cells, and the combinational treatment of OSI-906 and PF-4708671 results in enhanced antiproliferation effects in colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, providing a novel venue to overcome the resistance to the IGF-1R inhibitor in treating colorectal cancer. ©2015 American Association for Cancer Research.

Insights into the catalytic mechanism of dehydrogenase BphB: A quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics study.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Ruiming; Shi, Xiangli; Sun, Yanhui; Zhang, Qingzhu; Wang, Wenxing

2018-05-17

The present study delineated the dehydrogenation mechanism of cis-2,3-dihydro-2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl (2,3-DDBPH) and cis-2,3-dihydro-2,3-dihydroxy-4,4'-dichlorobiphenyl (2,3-DD-4,4'-DBPH) by Pandoraea pnomenusa strain B-356 cis-2,3-dihydro-2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl dehydrogenase (BphB) in atomistic detail. The enzymatic process was investigated by a combined quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) approach. Five different snapshots were extracted and calculated, which revealed that the Boltzmann-weighted average barriers of 2,3-DDBPH and 2,3-DD-4,4'-DBPH dehydrogenation processes are 10.7 and 11.5 kcal mol -1 , respectively. The established dehydrogenation mechanism provides new insight into the degradation processes of other chlorinated 2,3-DDBPH. In addition to Asn115, Ser142, and Lys149, the importance of Ile 89, Asn143, Pro184, Met 187, Thr189, and Lue 191 during the dehydrogenation process of 2,3-DDBPH and 2,3-DD-4,4'-DBPH were also highlighted to search for promising mutation targets for improving the catalytic efficiency of BphB. Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Dimensionality Crossover in the Organic Superconductor Tetramethyltetraselenafulvalene Hexafluorophosphate [(TMTSF)2PF6

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jacobsen, Claus Schelde; Tanner, D. B.; Bechgaard, K.

1981-01-01

Polarized reflectance measurements from the far infrared to the visible are reported for (TMTSF)2PF6. At low temperatures, both parallel and perpendicular polarizations show plasma edges in the infrared with metallic reflection below these edges, indicating two- or three-dimensional behavior. The...

Oxidation of spin-traps by chlorine dioxide (ClO2) radical in aqueous solutions: first ESR evidence of formation of new nitroxide radicals.

Science.gov (United States)

Ozawa, T; Miura, Y; Ueda, J

1996-01-01

The reactivities of the chlorine dioxide (ClO2), which is a stable free radical towards some water-soluble spin-traps were investigated in aqueous solutions by an electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. The ClO2 radical was generated from the redox reaction of Ti3+ with potassium chlorate (KClO3) in aqueous solutions. When one of the spin-traps, 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO), was included in the Ti3+-KClO3 reaction system, ESR spectrum due to the ClO2 radical completely disappeared and a new ESR spectrum [aN(1) = 0.72 mT, aH(2) = 0.41 mT], which is different from that of DMPO-ClO2 adduct, was observed. The ESR parameters of this new ESR signal was identical to those of 5,5-dimethylpyrrolidone-(2)-oxyl-(1) (DMPOX), suggesting the radical species giving the new ESR spectrum is assignable to DMPOX. The similar ESR spectrum consisting of a triplet [aN(1) = 0.69 mT] was observed when the derivative of DMPO, 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (M4PO) was included in the Ti3+-KClO3 reaction system. This radical species is attributed to the oxidation product of M4PO, 3,3,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidone-(2)-oxyl-(1) (M4POX). When another nitrone spin-trap, alpha-(4-pyridyl-1-oxide)-N-t-butylnitrone (POBN) was used as a spin-trap, the ESR signal intensity due to the ClO2 radical decreased and a new ESR signal consisting of a triplet [aN(1) = 0.76 mT] was observed. The similar ESR spectrum was observed when N-t-butyl-alpha- nitrone (PBN) was used as a spin-trap. This ESR parameter [a(N)(1) = 0.85 mT] was identical to the oxidation product of PBN, PBNX. Thus, the new ESR signal observed from POBN may be assigned to the oxidation product of POBN, POBNX. These results suggest that the ClO2, radical does not form the stable spin adducts with nitrone spin-traps, but oxidizes these spin-traps to give the corresponding nitroxyl radicals. On the other hand, nitroso spin-traps, 5,5-dibromo-4-nitrosobenzenesulfonate (DBNBS), and 2-methyl-2-nitrosopropane (MNP) did not trap

5-Methyl-4-oxo-4,6-dihydro-3H-pyridazino[4,5-b]carbazole-1-carbonitrile

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Norbert Haider

2010-02-01

Full Text Available The title compound was prepared in excellent yield from 5-methyl-4-oxo-4,6-dihydro-3H-pyridazino[4,5-b]carbazole-1-carbaldehyde by treatment with hydroxylamine hydrochloride in formic acid without isolation of the intermediate oxime.

Synthesis of 3-Methyl-1-morpholin-4-ylmethyl-2,6-diphenylpiperidin-4-one

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bathey R. Venkatraman

2009-09-01

Full Text Available This paper describes the synthesis of 3-methyl-1-morpholin-4-ylmethyl-2,6-diphenylpiperidin-4-one from 3-methyl-2,6-diphenylpiperidin-4-one. The synthesized compound was characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, EI-MS and elemental analysis.

3-(4-Chlorophenyl-1-[(2R,4aR,8aR-4a,8-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,8a-octahydronaphthalen-2-yl]prop-2-en-1-one

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mohamed Tebbaa

2011-06-01

Full Text Available The title compound, C21H25ClO, was semi-synthesized from isocostic acid, isolated from the aerial part of Inula Viscosa (L Aiton [or Dittrichia Viscosa (L Greuter]. The cyclohexene ring has a half-chair conformation, whereas the cyclohexane ring displays a chair conformation.

Synthesis of Ca(PF6)2, formed via nitrosonium oxidation of calcium.

Science.gov (United States)

Keyzer, Evan N; Matthews, Peter D; Liu, Zigeng; Bond, Andrew D; Grey, Clare P; Wright, Dominic S

2017-04-20

The development of rechargeable Ca-ion batteries as an alternative to Li systems has been limited by the availability of suitable electrolyte salts. We present the synthesis of complexes of Ca(PF 6 ) 2 (a key potential Ca battery electrolyte salt) via the treatment of Ca metal with NOPF 6 , and explore their conversion to species containing PO 2 F 2 - under the reaction conditions.

IPv4-protokollasta siirtyminen IPv6-protokollaan

OpenAIRE

Ylituomaala, Jaakko

2011-01-01

Tässä työssä tutkitaan IPv6-osoiteavaruutta, sekä IPv6-protokollan yhteensopivuutta IPv4-protokollan kanssa. Työssä käydään läpi myös yleisimmät IPv4-yhteensopivat IPv6-reititysmenetelmät. Tutkimuksessa tutustutaan pääpiirteittäin IPv4-osoiteluokkiin, itse osoitteisiin ja IPv4-headeriin. IPv4 osoiteryhmiä on viisi, jotka ovat A, B, C, D ja E. Lisäksi luodaan katsaus IPv4-headerin eri osioihin ja tutustutaan niiden käyttötarkoituksiin. Työssä käydään läpi myös osittain NAT-toiminto. Tu...

Three new superconducting members of the family of tetramethyltetraselenafulvalene (TMTSF) salts: TMTSF2Cl04, TMTSF2SbF6, TMTSF2TaF6

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Parkin, S.S.P.; Ribault, M.; Jerome, D.; Bechgaard, K.

1981-01-01

Resistivity against temperature measurements are reported along the high-conductivity a axis of TMTSF 2 ClO 4 , TMTSF 2 SbF 6 and TMTSF 2 TaF 6 , under pressure and as a function of applied magnetic field, that show that all three compounds exhibit superconducting phase transitions near 1 K, when sufficient pressure is applied. TMTSF 2 SbF 6 and TMTSF 2 TaF 6 become superconducting above critical pressures of the order of 10 and 11 kbar respectively whereas a superconducting phase transition in TMTSF 2 ClO 4 is observed at much lower pressures (<3 kbar). The critical pressure above which the sc phase is stabilised can be correlated with the separation between the sheets of TMTSF molecules and anions. (author)

PBCDD/F formation from radical/radical cross-condensation of 2-Chlorophenoxy with 2-Bromophenoxy, 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy with 2,4-Dibromophenoxy, and 2,4,6-Trichlorophenoxy with 2,4,6-Tribromophenoxy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shi, Xiangli [Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250100 (China); Yu, Wanni [Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250100 (China); College of Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi 276000 (China); Xu, Fei [Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250100 (China); Zhang, Qingzhu, E-mail: zqz@sdu.edu.cn [Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250100 (China); Hu, Jingtian; Wang, Wenxing [Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250100 (China)

2015-09-15

Highlights: • We studied the formation of PBCDD/Fs from the reaction of three CPRs with BPRs. • The substitution pattern of halogenated phenols determines those of PBCDD/Fs. • The substitution of halogenated phenols influence the coupling of phenoxy radicals. • The rate constants of the crucial elementary steps were evaluated. - Abstract: Quantum chemical calculations were carried out to investigate the homogeneous gas-phase formation of mixed polybrominated/chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/benzofurans (PBCDD/Fs) from the cross-condensation of 2-chlorophenoxy radical (2-CPR) with 2-bromophenoxy radical (2-BPR), 2,4-dichlorophenoxy radical (2,4-DCPR) with 2,4-dibromophenoxy radical (2,4-DBPR), and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxy radical (2,4,6-TCPR) with 2,4,6-tribromophenoxy radical (2,4,6-TBPR). The geometrical parameters and vibrational frequencies were calculated at the MPWB1K/6-31+G(d,p) level, and single-point energy calculations were performed at the MPWB1K/6-311+G(3df,2p) level of theory. The rate constants of the crucial elementary reactions were evaluated by the canonical variational transition-state (CVT) theory with the small curvature tunneling (SCT) correction over a wide temperature range of 600–1200 K. Studies show that the substitution pattern of halogenated phenols not only determines the substitution pattern of the resulting PBCDD/Fs, but also has a significant influence on the formation mechanism of PBCDD/Fs, especially on the coupling of the halogenated phenoxy radicals.

Analisis Performa File Transport Protocol pada Perbandingan Metode IPv4 Murni, IPv6 Murni dan Tunneling 6to4 Berbasis Router Mikrotik

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Siswo Wardoyo

2014-09-01

Full Text Available The use of IPv4 which has more than 30 years led to the capacity of available addresses is running out availability. Currently emerging new generation IP (IPnext generation is IPv6. Many methods for the implementation of IPv6, one with tunneling. 6to4 is a tunneling method that can be directly implemented on an IPv4 network. This study compared the performance level of a pure IPv4 network, IPv6 6to4 tunneling with pure and searching FTP throughput performance. Throughput results obtained pure IPv6 is smaller than the value of 42.9% pure IPv4 throughput, 6to4 tunneling is smaller than 39.4% pure IPv4 and IPv6 pure value 53.626% greater throughput than 6to4 tunneling configuration.

Platelet factor-4 and its p17-70 peptide inhibit myeloma proliferation and angiogenesis in vivo

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yang, Longjiang; Du, Juan; Hou, Jian; Jiang, Hua; Zou, Jianfeng

2011-01-01

Angiogenesis plays an important role in the development of multiple myeloma (MM). The interaction between MM cells and the bone marrow microenvironment stimulates the proliferation and migration of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) contributes to the formation of new blood vessels by actively recruiting circulating EPCs. The production of proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factors is also dysregulated in MM. Platelet factor 4 (PF4) is a potent angiostatic cytokine that inhibits angiogenesis and tumor growth in several animal models. In this study, we stably transfected human myeloma cell lines with the PF4 gene or the sequence encoding its more potent p17-70 peptide and investigated the effects of PF4 and p17-70 on angiogenesis and tumor growth in vitro and in a SCID-rab myeloma model. PF4 and p17-70 significantly attenuated VEGF production, both in vitro and in vivo. In a migration study using a Transwell system, PF4 or p17-70 markedly suppressed the migration of co-cultured human endothelial progenitor cells. PF4 or p17-70 also caused a significant reduction in microvessel densities in myeloma xenografts and markedly reduced the tumor volume in the SCID mice. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that PF4 and p17-70 significantly extended the overall survival of SCID mice bearing human myeloma xenografts. Our findings indicate that PF4 or p17-70 could be valuable in combating multiple myeloma by disrupting tumor angiogenesis

High-resolution genetic mapping at the Bph15 locus for brown planthopper resistance in rice (Oryza sativa L.).

Science.gov (United States)

Yang, Haiyuan; You, Aiqing; Yang, Zhifan; Zhang, Futie; He, Ruifeng; Zhu, Lili; He, Guangcun

2004-12-01

Resistance to the brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens Stal, a devastating sucking insect pest of rice, is an important breeding objective in rice improvement programs. Bph15, one of the 17 major BPH resistance genes so far identified in both cultivated and wild rice, has been identified in an introgression line, B5, and mapped on chromosome 4 flanked by restriction fragment length polymorphism markers C820 and S11182. In order to pave the way for positional cloning of this gene, we have developed a high-resolution genetic map of Bph15 by positioning 21 DNA markers in the target chromosomal region. Mapping was based on a PCR-based screening of 9,472 F(2) individuals derived from a cross between RI93, a selected recombinant inbred line of B5 bearing the resistance gene Bph15, and a susceptible variety, Taichung Native 1, in order to identify recombinant plants within the Bph15 region. Recombinant F(2) individuals with the Bph15 genotype were determined by phenotype evaluation. Analysis of recombination events in the Bph15 region delimited the gene locus to an interval between markers RG1 and RG2 that co-segregated with the M1 marker. A genomic library of B5 was screened using these markers, and bacterial artificial chromosome clones spanning the Bph15 chromosome region were obtained. An assay of the recombinants using the sub-clones of these clones in combination with sequence analysis delimited the Bph15 gene to a genomic segment of approximately 47 kb. This result should serve as the basis for eventual isolation of the Bph15 resistance gene.

24 CFR 6.4 - Discrimination prohibited.

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2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Discrimination prohibited. 6.4... COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT ACT OF 1974 General Provisions § 6.4 Discrimination prohibited. (a) Section 109... benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity funded in whole or in part...

Identification of Immunodominant Responses to the Plasmodium falciparum Antigens PfUIS3, PfLSA1 and PfLSAP2 in Multiple Strains of Mice.

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Rhea J Longley

Full Text Available Malaria, caused by the Plasmodium parasite, remains a serious global public health concern. A vaccine could have a substantial impact on eliminating this disease, alongside other preventative measures. We recently described the development of three novel, viral vectored vaccines expressing either of the antigens PfUIS3, PfLSA1 and PfLSAP2. Each vaccination regimen provided high levels of protection against chimeric parasite challenge in a mouse model, largely dependent on CD8+ T cells. In this study we aimed to further characterize the induced cellular immune response to these vaccines. We utilized both the IFNγ enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot assay and intracellular cytokine staining to achieve this aim. We identified immunodominant peptide responses for CD4+ and CD8+ T cells for each of the antigens in BALB/c, C57BL/6 and HLA-A2 transgenic mice, creating a useful tool for researchers for subsequent study of these antigens. We also compared these immunodominant peptides with those generated from epitope prediction software, and found that only a small proportion of the large number of epitopes predicted by the software were identifiable experimentally. Furthermore, we characterized the polyfunctionality of the induced CD8+ T cell responses. These findings contribute to our understanding of the immunological mechanisms underlying these protective vaccines, and provide a useful basis for the assessment of these and related vaccines as clinical constructs.

The electrically silent Kv6.4 subunit confers hyperpolarized gating charge movement in Kv2.1/Kv6.4 heterotetrameric channels.

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Elke Bocksteins

Full Text Available The voltage-gated K(+ (Kv channel subunit Kv6.4 does not form functional homotetrameric channels but co-assembles with Kv2.1 to form functional Kv2.1/Kv6.4 heterotetrameric channels. Compared to Kv2.1 homotetramers, Kv6.4 exerts a ~40 mV hyperpolarizing shift in the voltage-dependence of Kv2.1/Kv6.4 channel inactivation, without a significant effect on activation gating. However, the underlying mechanism of this Kv6.4-induced modulation of Kv2.1 channel inactivation, and whether the Kv6.4 subunit participates in the voltage-dependent gating of heterotetrameric channels is not well understood. Here we report distinct gating charge movement of Kv2.1/Kv6.4 heterotetrameric channels, compared to Kv2.1 homotetramers, as revealed by gating current recordings from mammalian cells expressing these channels. The gating charge movement of Kv2.1/Kv6.4 heterotetrameric channels displayed an extra component around the physiological K(+ equilibrium potential, characterized by a second sigmoidal relationship of the voltage-dependence of gating charge movement. This distinct gating charge displacement reflects movement of the Kv6.4 voltage-sensing domain and has a voltage-dependency that matches the hyperpolarizing shift in Kv2.1/Kv6.4 channel inactivation. These results provide a mechanistic basis for the modulation of Kv2.1 channel inactivation gating kinetics by silent Kv6.4 subunits.

Electrochemical investigation of Li-Al anodes in oligo(ethylene glycol) dimethyl ether/LiPF6

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhou, Y.; Wang, X.; Lee, H.; Nam, K.; Haas, O.

2011-01-01

LiPF 6 dissolved in oligo(ethylene glycol) dimethyl ether with a molecular weight 5 g mol -1 was investigated as a new electrolyte (OEGDME5, 1 M LiPF 6 ) for metal deposition and battery applications. At 25 C a conductivity of .48 x 1 -3 S cm -1 was obtained and at 85 C, 3.78 x 1 -3 S cm -1 . The apparent activation barrier for ionic transport was evaluated to be 3.7 kJ mol -1 . OEGDME5, 1 M LiPF 6 allows operating temperature above 1 C with very attractive conductivity. The electrolyte shows excellent performance at negative and positive potentials. With this investigation, we report experimental results obtained with aluminum electrodes using this electrolyte. At low current densities lithium ion reduction and re-oxidation can be achieved on aluminum electrodes at potentials about 28 mV more positive than on lithium electrodes. In situ X-ray diffraction measurements collected during electrochemical lithium deposition on aluminum electrodes show that the shift to positive potentials is due to the negative Gibbs free energy change of the Li-Al alloy formation reaction.

[BMIM][PF(6)] promotes the synthesis of halohydrin esters from diols using potassium halides.

Science.gov (United States)

Oromí-Farrús, Mireia; Eras, Jordi; Villorbina, Gemma; Torres, Mercè; Llopis-Mestre, Veronica; Welton, Tom; Canela, Ramon

2008-10-01

Haloesterification of diverse diols with various carboxylic acids was achieved using potassium halides (KX) as the only halide source in ionic liquids. The best yield was obtained in [BMIM][PF(6)] when 1,2-octanediol, palmitic acid and KBr were used. This yield was 85% and the regioisomer with the bromine in primary position was present in a 75:25 ratio. The regioisomeric ratio could be improved using either KCl or some phenylcarboxylic acids. [BMIM][PF(6)] acts as both reaction media and catalyst of the reaction. To the best of our knowledge, this type of combined reaction using an ionic liquid is unprecedented. The other solvents tested did not lead either to the same yield or to the same regioisomeric ratio.

Marker-assisted pyramiding of brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål) resistance genes Bph1 and Bph2 on rice chromosome 12.

Science.gov (United States)

Sharma, Prem N; Torii, Akihide; Takumi, Shigeo; Mori, Naoki; Nakamura, Chiharu

2004-01-01

Brown planthopper (BPH) (Nilaparvata lugens Stål) is a significant insect pest of rice (Oryza sativa L.). We constructed a gene-pyramided japonica line, in which two BPH resistance genes Bph1 and Bph2 on the long arm of chromosome 12 independently derived from two indica resistance lines were combined through the recombinant selection. The gene-pyramiding was achieved based on the previously constructed high-resolution linkage maps of the two genes. Two co-dominant and four dominant PCR-based markers flanking the loci were used to select for a homozygous recombinant line in a segregating population that was derived from a cross between the parental homozygous single-gene introgression lines. BPH bioassay showed that the resistance level of the pyramided line was equivalent to that of the Bph1-single introgression line, which showed a higher level of resistance than the Bph2-single introgression line. The pyramid line should provide a useful experimental means for studying the fine structure of the chromosomal region covering these two major BPH resistance genes.

Anodic behavior of stainless-steel substrate in organic electrolyte solutions containing different lithium salts

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Furukawa, Kazuki; Yoshimoto, Nobuko; Egashira, Minato; Morita, Masayuki

2014-01-01

Highlights: • We investigated anodic behavior of stainless-steel in organic electrolytes for advanced capacitor. • Anion of the electrolyte affected the anodic stability of the alloy. • Anodic passivation occurs in LiPF 6 solution but pitting or active dissolution proceeds in other electrolyte solutions. • Fluoride source in the solution contributes to forming a stable surface layer on the stainless steel. - Abstract: The anodic behavior of austenitic stainless-steel, SUS304, as a current collector of positive electrode in lithium-ion battery/capacitor has been investigated in organic electrolyte solutions based on a mixed alkyl carbonate solvent with different lithium salts. Stable passivation characteristics were observed for the stainless-steel in the LiPF 6 solution, but pitting corrosion or active dissolution proceeded in the solutions containing other anions, BF 4 - , (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 N - (TFSA - ) and ClO 4 - . The mass ratios of the dissolved metal species in the solutions of LiTFSA and LiClO 4 were equivalent to that of the alloy composition, which suggests that no preferential dissolution occurs during the anodic polarization in these electrolyte solutions. An HF component formed by decomposition of PF 6 - with the contaminate water will act as an F - source for the formation of a surface fluoride layer, that will contribute to the anodic stability of SUS304 in the LiPF 6 solution. The anodic corrosion in the LiTFSA solution was suppressed in part by mixing the PF 6 salt or adding HF in the electrolyte

Tadalafil once daily in the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in men without erectile dysfunction.

Science.gov (United States)

Brock, Gerald; Broderick, Gregory; Roehrborn, Claus G; Xu, Lei; Wong, David; Viktrup, Lars

2013-11-01

To assess the safety and efficacy of tadalafil once daily on lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH-LUTS) in men without erectile dysfunction (ED). To compare these with effects in men with ED. After a 4-week washout period and 4-week placebo run-in period, 1089 men without ED (n = 338) and with ED (n = 751) were randomly assigned to placebo or tadalafil 5 mg once daily for 12 weeks in three global clinical studies with similar designs. In the pooled dataset, post hoc analyses of covariance assessed the impact and severity of BPH-LUTS using the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and the BPH Impact Index (BII) and IPSS quality-of-life (IPSS-QoL) subscores. Safety was assessed using treatment-emergent adverse events. The treatment-by-ED-status interaction was used to assess efficacy differences between the with/without ED subgroups. Men without ED were similar in BPH-LUTS severity/previous therapy to men with ED. Tadalafil significantly reduced BPH-LUTS from baseline when compared with placebo in men without ED (IPSS -5.4 vs -3.3, P  0.68). Tadalafil was safe and well tolerated. Tadalafil 5 mg once daily improved BPH-LUTS in men without ED by a magnitude similar to that observed in men with ED. The adverse event profile in men without ED was consistent with that observed in men with ED. © 2013 The Authors. BJU International © 2013 BJU International.

The Development of Plasmodium falciparum-Specific IL10 CD4 T Cells and Protection from Malaria in Children in an Area of High Malaria Transmission.

Science.gov (United States)

Boyle, Michelle J; Jagannathan, Prasanna; Bowen, Katherine; McIntyre, Tara I; Vance, Hilary M; Farrington, Lila A; Schwartz, Alanna; Nankya, Felistas; Naluwu, Kate; Wamala, Samuel; Sikyomu, Esther; Rek, John; Greenhouse, Bryan; Arinaitwe, Emmanuel; Dorsey, Grant; Kamya, Moses R; Feeney, Margaret E

2017-01-01

Cytokine-producing CD4 T cells have important roles in immunity against Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) malaria. However, the factors influencing functional differentiation of Pf- specific CD4 T cells in naturally exposed children are not well understood. Moreover, it is not known which CD4 T-cell cytokine-producing subsets are most critical for protection. We measured Pf- specific IFNγ-, IL10-, and TNFα-producing CD4 T-cell responses by multi-parametric flow cytometry in 265 children aged 6 months to 10 years enrolled in a longitudinal observational cohort in a high malaria transmission site in Uganda. We found that both age and parasite burden were independently associated with cytokine production by CD4 T cells. IL10 production by IFNγ + CD4 T cells was higher in younger children and in those with high-parasite burden during recent infection. To investigate the role of CD4 T cells in immunity to malaria, we measured associations of Pf -specific CD4 cytokine-producing cells with the prospective risk of Pf infection and clinical malaria, adjusting for household exposure to Pf -infected mosquitos. Overall, the prospective risk of infection was not associated with the total frequency of Pf- specific CD4 T cells, nor of any cytokine-producing CD4 subset. However, the frequency of CD4 cells producing IL10 but not inflammatory cytokines (IFNγ and TNFα) was associated with a decreased risk of clinical malaria once infected. These data suggest that functional polarization of the CD4 T-cell response may modulate the clinical manifestations of malaria and play a role in naturally acquired immunity.

Photoluminescence properties of Eu(3+)/ Sm(3+) activated CaZr4(PO4)6 phosphors.

Science.gov (United States)

Nair, Govind B; Dhoble, S J

2016-09-01

Solid state reaction method was employed for the synthesis of a series of CaZr4(PO4)6: Eu(3+)/Sm(3+) phosphors. The red-emitting CaZr4(PO4)6:Eu(3+) phosphors can be efficiently excited at 396 nm and thereby, exhibit a strong red luminescence predominantly corresponding to the electric dipole transition at 615 nm. Under 405 nm excitation, CaZr4(PO4)6:Sm(3+) phosphors display orange emission with color temperatures approximately around 2200 K. The acquired results reveal that CaZr4(PO4)6: RE(3+) (RE = Eu, Sm) phosphors could be potential candidates for red and orange emitting phosphor, respectively, for UV/blue-pump LEDs.

Crystal structure of bis{μ2-2,2′-[(4,10-dimethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,7-diylbis(methylene]bis(4-oxo-4H-pyran-3-olato}dicobaltcalcium bis(perchlorate 1.36-hydrate

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Patrizia Rossi

2017-12-01

Full Text Available The title compound, [CaCo2(C22H30N4O62](ClO42·1.36H2O or {Ca[Co(H–2L1]2}·2ClO4·1.36H2O {where L1 is 4,10-bis[(3-hydroxy-4-pyron-2-ylmethyl]-1,7-dimethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane}, is a trinuclear complex whose asymmetric unit comprises a quarter of the {Ca[Co(H–2L1]2}2+ trinuclear complex, half of a perchlorate ion and 0.34-water molecules. In the neutral [Co(H–2L1] moiety, the cobalt ion is hexacoordinated in a trigonal–prismatic fashion by the surrounding N4O2 donor set. A Ca2+ cation holds together two neutral [Co(H–2L1] moieties and is octacoordinated in a distorted trigonal–dodecahedral fashion by the surrounding O atoms belonging to the deprotonated oxide and carbonyl groups of two [Co(H–2L1] units. The coordination of the CoII cation preorganizes L1 and an electron-rich area forms, which is able to host hard metal ions. The comparison between the present structure and the previously published ones suggests a high versatility of this ligand; indeed, hard metal ions with different nature and dimensions lead to complexes having different stoichiometry (mono- and dinuclear monomers and trinuclear dimers or even a polymeric structure. The heterotrinuclear CoII–CaII–CoII complexes are connected in three dimensions via weak C—H...O hydrogen bonds, which are also responsible for the interactions with the perchlorate anions and the lattice water molecules. The perchlorate anion is disordered about a twofold rotation axis and was refined giving the two positions a fixed occupancy factor of 0.5. The crystal studied was refined as a two-component inversion twin [BASF parameter = 0.14 (4].

Structural, (197)Au Mössbauer and solid state (31)P CP/MAS NMR studies on bis (cis-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethylene) gold(I) complexes [Au(dppey)(2)]X for X = PF(6), I.

Science.gov (United States)

Healy, Peter C; Loughrey, Bradley T; Bowmaker, Graham A; Hanna, John V

2008-07-28

(197)Au Mössbauer spectra for the d(10) gold(i) phosphine complexes, [Au(dppey)(2)]X (X = PF(6), I; dppey = (cis-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethylene), and the single crystal X-ray structure and solid state (31)P CPMAS NMR spectrum of [Au(dppey)(2)]I are reported here. In [Au(dppey)(2)]I the AuP(4) coordination geometry is distorted from the approximately D(2) symmetry observed for the PF(6)(-) complex with Au-P bond lengths 2.380(2)-2.426(2) A and inter-ligand P-Au-P angles 110.63(5)-137.71(8) degrees . Quadrupole splitting parameters derived from the Mössbauer spectra are consistent with the increased distortion of the AuP(4) coordination sphere with values of 1.22 and 1.46 mm s(-1) for the PF(6)(-) and I(-) complexes respectively. In the solid state (31)P CP MAS NMR spectrum of [Au(dppey)(2)]I, signals for each of the four crystallographically independent phosphorus nuclei are observed, with the magnitude of the (197)Au quadrupole coupling being sufficiently large to produce a collapse of (1)J(Au-P) splitting from quartets to doublets. The results highlight the important role played by the counter anion in the determination of the structural and spectroscopic properties of these sterically crowded d(10) complexes.

A novel interaction between sympathetic overactivity and aberrant regulation of renin by miR-181a in BPH/2J genetically hypertensive mice.

Science.gov (United States)

Jackson, Kristy L; Marques, Francine Z; Watson, Anna M D; Palma-Rigo, Kesia; Nguyen-Huu, Thu-Phuc; Morris, Brian J; Charchar, Fadi J; Davern, Pamela J; Head, Geoffrey A

2013-10-01

Genetically hypertensive mice (BPH/2J) are hypertensive because of an exaggerated contribution of the sympathetic nervous system to blood pressure. We hypothesize that an additional contribution to elevated blood pressure is via sympathetically mediated activation of the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system. Our aim was to determine the contribution of the renin-angiotensin system and sympathetic nervous system to hypertension in BPH/2J mice. BPH/2J and normotensive BPN/3J mice were preimplanted with radiotelemetry devices to measure blood pressure. Depressor responses to ganglion blocker pentolinium (5 mg/kg i.p.) in mice pretreated with the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor enalaprilat (1.5 mg/kg i.p.) revealed a 2-fold greater sympathetic contribution to blood pressure in BPH/2J mice during the active and inactive period. However, the depressor response to enalaprilat was 4-fold greater in BPH/2J compared with BPN/3J mice, but only during the active period (P=0.01). This was associated with 1.6-fold higher renal renin messenger RNA (mRNA; P=0.02) and 0.8-fold lower abundance of micro-RNA-181a (P=0.03), identified previously as regulating human renin mRNA. Renin mRNA levels correlated positively with depressor responses to pentolinium (r=0.99; P=0.001), and BPH/2J mice had greater renal sympathetic innervation density as identified by tyrosine hydroxylase staining of cortical tubules. Although there is a major sympathetic contribution to hypertension in BPH/2J mice, the renin-angiotensin system also contributes, doing so to a greater extent during the active period and less during the inactive period. This is the opposite of the normal renin-angiotensin system circadian pattern. We suggest that renal hyperinnervation and enhanced sympathetically induced renin synthesis mediated by lower micro-RNA-181a contributes to hypertension in BPH/2J mice.

Substituent effect in spin-crossover behavior of iron(II)-Ar-pybox complexes (Ar-pybox = 4-aryl-2,6-bis(oxazolin-2-yl)pyridine)

Science.gov (United States)

Kimura, Akifumi; Ishida, Takayuki

2018-01-01

Spin-crossover (SCO) is a reversible transition between low-spin (LS) and high-spin (HS) states by external stimuli like heat. The SCO behavior of [Fe(Ar-pybox)2](ClO4)2 was investigated, where Ar-pybox stands for 4-aryl-2,6-bis(oxazolin-2-yl)pyridine with Ar = 4-pyridyl (4Py), 3-thienyl (3Th), and phenyl (Ph). They were characterized by means of single-crystal X-ray diffraction study, being consistent with the results of the magnetic measurements. The SCO temperatures (T1/2) in the polycrystalline state were determined to be 360 and 230 K for Ar = 4Py and Ph, respectively. The 3Th derivative possessed a HS state in all the temperature range. The solution susceptometry was also performed to purge intermolecular interaction and rigid crystal lattice effects, affording T1/2 = 310, 240, and 240 K for Ar = 4Py, 3Th, and Ph, respectively, in acetone. The substituent effect analysis using the Hammett substituent constant (σp) clarified that electron-withdrawing groups raise T1/2. A plausible model describing the substituent effect on T1/2 is proposed based on d-π interaction. The present result is regarded as a successful example of crystal field engineering.

Haldane-gap excitations in the low-Hc one-dimensional quantum antiferromagnet Ni(C5D14N2)2N3(PF6)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zheludev, A.; Chen, Y.; Broholm, C. L.; Honda, Z.; Katsumata, K.

2001-01-01

Inelastic neutron scattering on deuterated single-crystal samples is used to study Haldane-gap excitations in the new S=1 one-dimensional quantum antiferromagnet Ni(C 5 D 14 N 2 ) 2 N 3 (PF 6 ), that was recently recognized as an ideal model system for high-field studies. The Haldane gap energies Δ x =0.42(3) meV, Δ y =0.52(6) meV, and Δ z =1.9(1) meV, for excitations polarized along the a, b, and c crystallographic axes, respectively, are measured. The dispersion relation is studied for momentum transfers both along and perpendicular to the chains' direction. The in-chain exchange constant J=2.8 meV is found to be much larger than interchain coupling, J y =1.8(4)x10 -3 meV and J x =4(3)x10 -4 meV, along the b and a axes, respectively. The results are discussed in the context of future experiments in high magnetic fields

PF-4708671, a specific inhibitor of p70 ribosomal S6 kinase 1, activates Nrf2 by promoting p62-dependent autophagic degradation of Keap1

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Park, Jeong Su [Severance Biomedical Science Institute (Korea, Republic of); Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752 (Korea, Republic of); Kang, Dong Hoon [Department of Life Science and Ewha Research Center for Systems Biology (Korea, Republic of); The Research Center for Cell Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 127-750 (Korea, Republic of); Lee, Da Hyun [Severance Biomedical Science Institute (Korea, Republic of); Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752 (Korea, Republic of); Bae, Soo Han, E-mail: soohanbae@yuhs.ac [Severance Biomedical Science Institute (Korea, Republic of); Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752 (Korea, Republic of)

2015-10-23

p70 ribosomal S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) is an important serine/threonine kinase and downstream target of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling pathway. PF-4708671 is a specific inhibitor of S6K1, and prevents S6K1-mediated phosphorylation of the S6 protein. PF-4708671 treatment often leads to apoptotic cell death. However, the protective mechanism against PF-4708671-induced cell death has not been elucidated. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) pathway is essential for protecting cells against oxidative stress. p62, an adaptor protein in the autophagic process, enhances Nrf2 activation through the impairment of Keap1 activity. In this study, we showed that PF-4708671 induces autophagic Keap1 degradation-mediated Nrf2 activation in p62-dependent manner. Furthermore, p62-dependent Nrf2 activation plays a crucial role in protecting cells from PF-4708671-mediated apoptosis. - Highlights: • PF-4708671, a S6K1-specific inhibitor, prevents S6K1-mediated S6 phosphorylation. • However, PF-4708671 treatment often leads to apoptotic cell death. • Protective mechanism against PF-4708671-induced cell death remains to be elucidated. • PF-4708671 induced p62-dependent, autophagic Keap1 degradation-mediated Nrf2 activation. • p62-dependent Nrf2 activation protects cells from PF-4708671-mediated apoptosis.

Microscopic theory of the superconducting gap in the quasi-one-dimensional organic conductor (TMTSF) 2ClO4 : Model derivation and two-particle self-consistent analysis

Science.gov (United States)

Aizawa, Hirohito; Kuroki, Kazuhiko

2018-03-01

We present a first-principles band calculation for the quasi-one-dimensional (Q1D) organic superconductor (TMTSF) 2ClO4 . An effective tight-binding model with the TMTSF molecule to be regarded as the site is derived from a calculation based on maximally localized Wannier orbitals. We apply a two-particle self-consistent (TPSC) analysis by using a four-site Hubbard model, which is composed of the tight-binding model and an onsite (intramolecular) repulsive interaction, which serves as a variable parameter. We assume that the pairing mechanism is mediated by the spin fluctuation, and the sign of the superconducting gap changes between the inner and outer Fermi surfaces, which correspond to a d -wave gap function in a simplified Q1D model. With the parameters we adopt, the critical temperature for superconductivity estimated by the TPSC approach is approximately 1 K, which is consistent with experiment.

Kinetic and theoretical studies on the protonation of [Ni(2-SC6H4N){PhP(CH2CH2PPh2)2}]+: nitrogen versus sulfur as the protonation site.

Science.gov (United States)

Petrou, Athinoula L; Koutselos, Andreas D; Wahab, Hilal S; Clegg, William; Harrington, Ross W; Henderson, Richard A

2011-02-07

The complexes [Ni(4-Spy)(triphos)]BPh(4) and [Ni(2-Spy)(triphos)]BPh(4) {triphos = PhP(CH(2)CH(2)PPh(2))(2), 4-Spy = 4-pyridinethiolate, 2-Spy = 2-pyridinethiolate} have been prepared and characterized both spectroscopically and using X-ray crystallography. In both complexes the triphos is a tridentate ligand. However, [Ni(4-Spy)(triphos)](+) comprises a 4-coordinate, square-planar nickel with the 4-Spy ligand bound to the nickel through the sulfur while [Ni(2-Spy)(triphos)](+) contains a 5-coordinate, trigonal-bipyramidal nickel with a bidentate 2-Spy ligand bound to the nickel through both sulfur and nitrogen. The kinetics of the reactions of [Ni(4-Spy)(triphos)](+) and [Ni(2-Spy)(triphos)](+) with lutH(+) (lut = 2,6-dimethylpyridine) in MeCN have been studied using stopped-flow spectrophotometry, and the two complexes show very different reactivities. The reaction of [Ni(4-Spy)(triphos)](+) with lutH(+) is complete within the deadtime of the stopped-flow apparatus (2 ms) and corresponds to protonation of the nitrogen. However, upon mixing [Ni(2-Spy)(triphos)](+) and lutH(+) a reaction is observed (on the seconds time scale) to produce an equilibrium mixture. The mechanistic interpretation of the rate law has been aided by the application of MSINDO semiempirical and ADF calculations. The kinetics and calculations are consistent with the reaction between [Ni(2-Spy)(triphos)](+) and lutH(+) involving initial protonation of the sulfur followed by dissociation of the nitrogen and subsequent transfer of the proton from sulfur to nitrogen. The factors affecting the position of protonation and the coupling of the coordination state of the 2-pyridinethiolate ligand to the site of protonation are discussed.

The Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte invasion ligand Pfrh4 as a target of functional and protective human antibodies against malaria.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Linda Reiling

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Acquired antibodies are important in human immunity to malaria, but key targets remain largely unknown. Plasmodium falciparum reticulocyte-binding-homologue-4 (PfRh4 is important for invasion of human erythrocytes and may therefore be a target of protective immunity. METHODS: IgG and IgG subclass-specific responses against different regions of PfRh4 were determined in a longitudinal cohort of 206 children in Papua New Guinea (PNG. Human PfRh4 antibodies were tested for functional invasion-inhibitory activity, and expression of PfRh4 by P. falciparum isolates and sequence polymorphisms were determined. RESULTS: Antibodies to PfRh4 were acquired by children exposed to P. falciparum malaria, were predominantly comprised of IgG1 and IgG3 subclasses, and were associated with increasing age and active parasitemia. High levels of antibodies, particularly IgG3, were strongly predictive of protection against clinical malaria and high-density parasitemia. Human affinity-purified antibodies to the binding region of PfRh4 effectively inhibited erythrocyte invasion by P. falciparum merozoites and antibody levels in protected children were at functionally-active concentrations. Although expression of PfRh4 can vary, PfRh4 protein was expressed by most isolates derived from the cohort and showed limited sequence polymorphism. CONCLUSIONS: Evidence suggests that PfRh4 is a target of antibodies that contribute to protective immunity to malaria by inhibiting erythrocyte invasion and preventing high density parasitemia. These findings advance our understanding of the targets and mechanisms of human immunity and evaluating the potential of PfRh4 as a component of candidate malaria vaccines.

Crystal Growth and Scintillation Properties of Eu2+ doped Cs4CaI6 and Cs4SrI6

Science.gov (United States)

Stand, L.; Zhuravleva, M.; Chakoumakos, B.; Johnson, J.; Loyd, M.; Wu, Y.; Koschan, M.; Melcher, C. L.

2018-03-01

In this work we present the crystal growth and scintillation properties of two new ternarymetal halide scintillators activated with divalent europium, Cs4CaI6 and Cs4SrI6. Single crystals of each compound were grown in evacuated quartz ampoules via the vertical Bridgman technique using a two-zone transparent furnace. Single crystal X-ray diffraction experiments showed that both crystals have a trigonal (R-3c) structure, with a density of 3.99 g/cm3 and 4.03 g/cm3. The radioluminescence and photoluminescence measurements showed typical luminescence properties due to the 5d-4f radiative transitions in Eu2+. At this early stage of development Cs4SrI6:Eu and Cs4CaI6:Eu have shown very promising scintillation properties, with light yields and energy resolutions of 62,300 ph/MeV and 3.3%, and 51,800 photons/MeV and 3.6% at 662 keV, respectively.

Roles of Rhizoxin and 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol in Suppression of Fusarium spp. by the Rhizobacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-5

Science.gov (United States)

Pseudomonas fluorescens strain Pf-5 is a rhizosphere bacterium that acts as a biocontrol agent of soilborne plant diseases and produces at least 10 different secondary metabolites, including several with antifungal properties. We derived site-directed mutants of Pf-5 with single and multiple mutatio...

PSA velocity in conservatively managed BPH: can it predict the need for BPH-related invasive therapy?

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Mochtar, Chaidir A.; Kiemeney, Lambertus A. L. M.; Laguna, M. Pilar; Debruyne, Frans M. J.; de La Rosette, Jean J. M. C. H.

2006-01-01

OBJECTIVE: To study the value of PSA velocity (PSAV) to predict benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) progression in patients managed with alpha(1)-blockers or watchful waiting (WW). METHODS: Nine hundred and forty two BPH patients treated with alpha(1)-blocker or WW were reviewed. PSAV was defined as:

D6R4 amplitudes in various dimensions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pioline, Boris

2015-01-01

Four-graviton couplings in the low energy effective action of type II string vacua compactified on tori are strongly constrained by supersymmetry and U-duality. While the R 4 and D 4 R 4 couplings are known exactly in terms of Langlands-Eisenstein series of the U-duality group, the D 6 R 4 couplings are not nearly as well understood. Exploiting the coincidence of the U-duality group in D=6 with the T-duality group in D=5, we propose an exact formula for the D 6 R 4 couplings in type II string theory compactified on T 4 , in terms of a genus-two modular integral plus a suitable Eisenstein series. The same modular integral computes the two-loop correction to D 6 R 4 in 5 dimensions, but here provides the non-perturbative completion of the known perturbative terms in D=6. This proposal hinges on a systematic re-analysis of the weak coupling and large radius of the D 6 R 4 in all dimensions D≥3, which fills in some gaps and resolves some inconsistencies in earlier studies.

D$^{6}$ℛ$^{4}$ amplitudes in various dimensions

CERN Document Server

Pioline, Boris

2015-01-01

Four-graviton couplings in the low energy effective action of type II string vacua compactified on tori are strongly constrained by supersymmetry and U-duality. While the $R^4$ and $D^4 R^4$ couplings are known exactly in terms of Langlands-Eisenstein series of the U-duality group, the $D^6 R^4$ couplings are not nearly as well understood. Exploiting the coincidence of the U-duality group in $D=6$ with the T-duality group in $D=5$, we propose an exact formula for the $D^6 R^4$ couplings in type II string theory compactified on $T^4$, in terms of a genus-two modular integral plus a suitable Eisenstein series. The same modular integral computes the two-loop correction to $D^6 R^4$ in 5 dimensions, but here provides the non-perturbative completion of the known perturbative terms in $D=6$. This proposal hinges on a systematic re-analysis of the weak coupling and large radius of the $D^6 R^4$ in all dimensions $D\\geq 3$, which fills in some gaps and resolves some inconsistencies in earlier studies.

Deployment IPv6 over IPv4 network infrastructure

OpenAIRE

Hoang, Tien Dung

2015-01-01

The purpose of this thesis is doing the research about IPv6, concentrate in how to deploy an IPv6 network based on IPv4 network without making any interruption to IPv4 network. This thesis is made for Financing and Promoting Technology Corporation (FPT) in Vietnam. This thesis is completed in two main parts. The theoretical part is making research about IPv4 and IPv6 to have the point of view about IPv4 and IPv6 basically, and from those one, seeing the advantages of IPv6 comparing wit...

Urolift - minimally invasive surgical BPH management.

Science.gov (United States)

Pushkaran, Anish; Stainer, Victoria; Muir, Gordon; Shergill, Iqbal S

2017-03-01

An ideal treatment option for symptomatic Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) should relieve lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and restore Quality of Life (QoL). Currently available medical therapies and surgical options for symptomatic BPH have side effects that adversely affects quality of life. Prostatic urethral lift (PUL) is a novel endourology procedure that promises to relieve LUTS without the aforementioned side effects. Areas covered: We diligently reviewed all the published literature on PUL, till July 2016 using standard search criteria. Expert commentary: There is good quality evidence to establish the efficiency of PUL in treating symptomatic BPH without adversely affecting the QoL. Based on the current literature, PUL can be considered as an option for those symptomatic BPH patients with small or medium size prostates (< 80 ml) without median lobe enlargement, who failed on medical therapy or are intolerant to it and wish to preserve their sexual function.

Transition from IPv4 to IPv6

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Henten, Anders; Tadayoni, Reza

The paper examines the transition from IPv4 to IPv6. More specifically, the aim of the paper is to present information on the status of the transition process and on the drivers and barriers concerning this transition. This includes an update on the availability of IPv4 addresses and on how far t...... the adoption of IPv6 has come. It also includes a discussion on what but also who the drivers and barriers are, including an examination of the implications of implementing transfer markets for IPv4 addresses.......The paper examines the transition from IPv4 to IPv6. More specifically, the aim of the paper is to present information on the status of the transition process and on the drivers and barriers concerning this transition. This includes an update on the availability of IPv4 addresses and on how far...

Treatment satisfaction with tadalafil or tamsulosin vs placebo in men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH): results from a randomised, placebo-controlled study.

Science.gov (United States)

Oelke, Matthias; Giuliano, François; Baygani, Simin K; Melby, Thomas; Sontag, Angelina

2014-10-01

To assess treatment satisfaction with tadalafil or tamsulosin vs placebo in a 12-week, randomised, double-blind study of men with lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia (LUTS/BPH). After a 4-week placebo lead-in period, men aged ≥45 years with an International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) of ≥13 and a maximum urinary flow rate of ≥4 to ≤15 mL/s received placebo (172 men), tadalafil 5 mg (171), or tamsulosin 0.4 mg (168) once daily for 12 weeks. Treatment Satisfaction Scale-BPH (TSS-BPH) responses were assessed based on median treatment differences using the van Elteren test. Overall treatment satisfaction was greater for tadalafil vs placebo (P = 0.005), based on greater satisfaction with efficacy (P = 0.003); neither overall treatment satisfaction nor satisfaction with efficacy was greater for tamsulosin vs placebo (P ≥ 0.409). For individual questions, 66.5% of men rated tadalafil treatment as 'effective/very effective' (Question 1, Q1) vs placebo (P = 0.011), 72.6% would 'definitely/probably recommend their treatment' (Q3; P = 0.043), 71.8% were generally 'very satisfied/satisfied with their medication' (Q8; P BPH by baseline age (≤65/>65 years), history of erectile dysfunction (yes/no), LUTS/BPH severity (IPSS

29 CFR 6.4 - Subpoenas (Service Contract Act).

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true Subpoenas (Service Contract Act). 6.4 Section 6.4 Labor... STANDARDS IN FEDERAL AND FEDERALLY ASSISTED CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTS AND FEDERAL SERVICE CONTRACTS General § 6.4 Subpoenas (Service Contract Act). All applications under the Service Contract Act for subpoenas ad...

Peripheral Blood CCR4+CCR6+ and CXCR3+CCR6+ CD4+ T Cells Are Highly Permissive to HIV-1 Infection

OpenAIRE

Gosselin, Annie; Monteiro, Patricia; Chomont, Nicolas; Diaz-Griffero, Felipe; Said, Elias A.; Fonseca, Simone; Wacleche, Vanessa; El-Far, Mohamed; Boulassel, Mohamed-Rachid; Routy, Jean-Pierre; Sekaly, Rafick-Pierre; Ancuta, Petronela

2009-01-01

There is limited knowledge on the identity of primary CD4+ T cell subsets selectively targeted by HIV-1 in vivo. In this study, we established a link between HIV permissiveness, phenotype/homing potential, and lineage commitment in primary CD4+ T cells. CCR4+CCR6+, CCR4+CCR6−, CXCR3+CCR6+, and CXCR3+CCR6− T cells expressed cytokines and transcription factors specific for Th17, Th2, Th1Th17, and Th1 lineages, respectively. CCR4+CCR6+ and CXCR3+CCR6+ T cells expressed the HIV coreceptors CCR5 a...

Multiscale Simulations of Lamellar PS–PEO Block Copolymers Doped with LiPF6 Ions

KAUST Repository

Sethuraman, Vaidyanathan; Mogurampelly, Santosh; Ganesan, Venkat

2017-01-01

We report the results of atomistic simulations of the structural equilibrium properties of PS–PEO block copolymer (BCP) melt in the ordered lamellar phase doped with LiPF6 salt. A hybrid simulation strategy, consisting of steps of coarse

Molecular Dynamics Study of Self-Assembly of Aqueous Solutions of Poly[9,9-bis(4-Sulfonylbutoxyphenylphenyl Fluorene-2,7-diyl-2,2’-Bithiophene] (PBS-PF2T in the Presence of Pentaethylene Glycol Monododecyl Ether (C12E5

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Beverly Stewart

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Results are presented using molecular dynamics (MD of the self-assembly of the conjugated polyelectrolyte poly[9,9-bis(4-sulfonylbutoxyphenylphenyl fluorene-2,7-diyl-2,2’-bithiophene] (PBS-PF2T with 680 mM pentaethylene glycol monododecyl ether (C12E5 in water. Simulations are used to examine the interaction between PBS-PF2T and C12E5 and suggest a break-up of PBS-PF2T aggregates in solution. These systems are dominated by the formation of cylindrical phases at temperatures between 0 °C and 20 °C and also between 45 °C and 90 °C. More diffuse phases are seen to occur between 20 °C and 45 °C and also above 90 °C. Simulations are related to previous computational and experimental studies on PBS-PF2T aggregation in the presence of tetraethylene glycol monododecyl ether (C12E4 in bulk and thin films.

Mathematical modeling of the radiation-chemical oxidation of U(IV) in HClO4

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vladimirova, M.V.

1995-01-01

Mathematical modeling of U(IV) oxidation in 0.5-12 M HClO 4 upon α, γ-radiolysis, based on the proposed scheme of radiation-chemical reactions, has been performed. The rate constants of the U(VI) + HO 2 , U(IV) + HO 2 , U(IV) + ClO 2 , and U(IV) + ClO 2 - reactions have been determined by the comparison of the calculated and experimental kinetic and dose curves and radiation-chemical yields of U(IV) oxidation or U(VI) formation. General equations for uranium (IV) oxidation constants at various HClO 4 concentrations, based on the analysis of the rates of particular radiation-chemical reactions composing oxidation process, have been obtained

Conductivity anisotropy helps to reveal the microscopic structure of a density wave at imperfect nesting

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Grigoriev, P.D.; Kostenko, S.S.

2015-01-01

Superconductivity or metallic state may coexist with density wave ordering at imperfect nesting of the Fermi surface. In addition to the macroscopic spatial phase separation, there are, at least, two possible microscopic structures of such coexistence: (i) the soliton-wall phase and (ii) the ungapped Fermi-surface pockets. We show that the conductivity anisotropy allows us to distinguish these two microscopic density-wave structures. The results obtained may help to analyze the experimental observations in layered organic metals (TMTSF) 2 PF 6 , (TMTSF) 2 ClO 4 , α-(BEDT-TTF) 2 KHg(SCN) 4 and in other compounds

Conductivity and thermopower studies of bis-tetramethyltetraselenafulvalenium hexafluorophosphide, bis-tetramethyltetrathiafulvalenium hexafluorophosphide, and their solid solutions, (TMTSF1-xTMTTFx)2PF6

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mortensen, Kell; Engler, E. M.

1984-01-01

The conductivity σ and the thermoelectric power S have been studied experimentally on the organic conductors bis-tetramethyltetraselenafulvalenium hexafluorophosphide [(TMTSF)2PF6] and bis-tetramethyltetrathiafulvalenium hexafluorophosphide [(TMTTF)2PF6] and their solid solutions: (TMTSF1-xTMTTFx)2......PF6. Dramatic effects are seen in σ already when dilute concentrations of TMTTF molecules are introduced in the TMTSF chains, and for x=0.1, σ shows generally activated behavior. The thermopower, on the contrary, remains basically unaffected for x at least as large as 0.25. These unusual findings...

Structure determination of two structural analogs, named 3-[1-(2-fluoro-4-biphenyl)ethyl]-6-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b]-1,3,4-thiadiazole (C23H16F2N4S) and 3-[1-(2-fluoro-4-biphenyl)ethyl]-6-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b]-1,3,4-thiadiazole (C23H16ClFN4S) by synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gündoğdu, Gülsüm; Aytaç, Sevim Peri; Müller, Melanie; Tozkoparan, Birsen; Kaynak, Filiz Betül

2017-12-01

Two novel compounds, 3-[1-(2-fluoro-4-biphenyl)ethyl]-6-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b]-1,3,4-thiadiazole (C₂₃H₁₆F₂N₄S) (1) and 3-[1-(2-fluoro-4-biphenyl)ethyl]-6-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b]-1,3,4-thiadiazole (C₂₃H₁₆ClFN₄S) (2), have been designed and synthesized as cytotoxic agents. The compounds were characterized by infrared, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectral data, elemental analysis and X-ray powder diffraction. The present study comprises spectral data and crystal structures of these novel compounds determined from synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data. The structure solutions were obtained by simulated annealing. The final structures were achieved by Rietveld refinement using soft restraints for all bond lengths, bond angles, and planar groups. Both compounds crystallize in space group$P\\bar 1$,Z= 2, with the unit-cell parametersa= 6.37433(9),b= 11.3641(2),c= 14.09115(19) Å,α= 80.1740(8)°,β= 85.1164(8)°,γ= 80.9831(10)°,V= 991.55(3) ųof compound (1) anda= 6.53736(6),b= 11.55725(15),c= 14.01373(13) Å,α= 80.3323(7)°,β= 84.8939(6)°,γ= 79.3954(8)°,V= 1024.08(2) ųof compound (2). Structural analyses reveal that the title compounds are isostructural.

4-Bromoanilinium perchlorate 18-crown-6 clathrate

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Min Guo

2010-11-01

Full Text Available The reaction of 4-bromoaniline, 18-crown-6, and perchloric acid in methanol yields the title compound, C6H7BrN+·ClO4−·C12H24O6, in which the protonated –NH3+ group forms three bifurcated N—H...O hydrogen bonds to the O atoms of the crown ether.

Accuracy of PfHRP2 versus Pf-pLDH antigen detection by malaria rapid diagnostic tests in hospitalized children in a seasonal hyperendemic malaria transmission area in Burkina Faso.

Science.gov (United States)

Maltha, Jessica; Guiraud, Issa; Lompo, Palpouguini; Kaboré, Bérenger; Gillet, Philippe; Van Geet, Chris; Tinto, Halidou; Jacobs, Jan

2014-01-13

In most sub-Saharan African countries malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are now used for the diagnosis of malaria. Most RDTs used detect Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein-2 (PfHRP2), though P. falciparum-specific parasite lactate dehydrogenase (Pf-pLDH)-detecting RDTs may have advantages over PfHRP2-detecting RDTs. Only few data are available on the use of RDTs in severe illness and the present study compared Pf-pLDH to PfHRP2-detection. Hospitalized children aged one month to 14 years presenting with fever or severe illness were included over one year. Venous blood samples were drawn for malaria diagnosis (microscopy and RDT), culture and complete blood count. Leftovers were stored at -80 °C and used for additional RDT analysis and PCR. An RDT targeting both PfHRP2 and Pf-pLDH was performed on all samples for direct comparison of diagnostic accuracy with microscopy as reference method. PCR was performed to explore false-positive RDT results. In 376 of 694 (54.2%) included children, malaria was microscopically confirmed. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value were 100.0, 70.9, 69.4 and 100.0%, respectively for PfHRP2-detection and 98.7, 94.0, 91.6 and 99.1%, respectively for Pf-pLDH-detection. Specificity and PPV were significantly lower for PfHRP2-detection (p <0.001). For both detection antigens, specificity was lowest for children one to five years and in the rainy season. PPV for both antigens was highest in the rainy season, because of higher malaria prevalence. False positive PfHRP2 results were associated with prior anti-malarial treatment and positive PCR results (98/114 (86.0%) samples tested). Among children presenting with severe febrile illness in a seasonal hyperendemic malaria transmission area, the present study observed similar sensitivity but lower specificity and PPV of PfHRP2 compared to Pf-pLDH-detection. Further studies should assess the diagnostic accuracy and safety of an

39 CFR 4.6 - Secretary of the Board.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 39 Postal Service 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Secretary of the Board. 4.6 Section 4.6 Postal Service UNITED STATES POSTAL SERVICE THE BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE U.S. POSTAL SERVICE OFFICIALS (ARTICLE IV) § 4.6 Secretary of the Board. The Secretary of the Board of Governors is appointed by the...

Analysis of the flow imbalance in the KSTAR PF cryo-circuit

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Hyun-Jung; Park, Dong-Seong; Kwag, Sang-Woo; Joo, Jae-Jun; Moon, Kyung-Mo; Kim, Nam-Won; Lee, Young-Joo; Park, Young-Min; Yang, Hyung-Lyeol

2015-01-01

Highlights: • Investigate of flow imbalance trend for the KSTAR PF superconducting magnet. • Flow imbalance is compared with individual magnet test and integration magnet test. • Intensifying of flow imbalance is proven from the flow monitoring in the KSTAR PF circuit. • Flow behavior is analyzed during magnet charging in the circulator circuit. • Variation of magnet outlet temperature is analyzed due to flow imbalance. - Abstract: The KSTAR PF cryo-circuit is a quasi-closed circulation system in which more than 370 g/s of supercritical helium (SHe) is circulated using a SHe circulator. The heated helium from superconducting magnet is cooled through sub cooler (4.3 K). The circulator is operated at 4.5 K and 6.5 bar, and the pressure drop of the circuit is kept at 2 bar in order to maintain the supercritical state and circulator stability. The circuit is connected with helium refrigerator system, distribution system, and supercritical magnet system. It has a hundred branches to supply supercritical helium to the poloidal field superconducting magnet. The branch was designed to optimize the operation conditions and they are grouped for one cryogenic valve has the same length within the cardinal principle of the optimization. Five cryogenic valves are installed to control the mass flow rate, and seven orifice mass flow meters, differential pressure gauges and temperature sensors were installed in front of the magnet in the distribution because upper magnet and lower magnet is symmetric theoretically. The cryogenic pipe line was manufactured with elevation about 10 m between upper magnet and lower magnet. The inlet and outlet helium feed-through were installed at the coil inside in case of KSTAR PF1–PF5 upper magnet and lower magnet. The flow imbalance is caused by void fraction and it could be changed due to manufacturing process even if it has the same length of cooling channel. This creates an imbalance among cooling channels and temperatures are

Implementasi Migrasi Ipv4 Ke Ipv6

OpenAIRE

Syafrizal, Melwin; Qamar, Syamsul; Aji, Damawan Bayu

2013-01-01

IPv4 yang digunakan di jaringan publik (internet) sudah habis, sehingga kebutuhan koneksi internet baru tidak dapat dilayani. Layanan baru, konten baru, domain name baru, server baru, router baru tidak dapat koneksi ke internet, kecuali menggunakan IPv6. Migrasi IPv4 ke IPv6 bukan hal yang mudah, pengetahuan baru tentang IPv6 perlu dipelajari, kondisi-kondisi yang akan dialami akibat Perubahan IP, mekanisme transisi, atau mekanisme routing perlu dipahami. Cara-cara konfigurasi IPv6 pada berba...

The role of bladder diverticula in the prevalence of acute urinary retention in patients with BPH who are candidates to surgery.

Science.gov (United States)

Iscaife, Alexandre; Dos Anjos, Gabriel; Barbosa, Cristovão; Nahas, Willian Carlos; Srougi, Miguel; Antunes, Alberto Azoubel

2018-03-15

The urinary bladder diverticula (BD) secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a complication that can lead to urinary stasis, stone, urinary tract infection (UTI) and tumors. It's role in acute urinary retention (AUR) is not totally understood. To determine the effect of BD size on AUR rates in patients with BPH candidates to surgery. We performed a retrospective cohort study of 47 patients with BPH and BD who underwent BPH surgery associated to complete bladder diverticulectomy from 2006 to 2016. We analyzed risk factors for AUR in patients with BD using univariate, multivariate and correlation analysis. There was a difference in the size of the diverticula, with 6.8 cm vs. 4.5 cm among patients with and without AUR respectively (p=0.005). The ROC curve showed a correlation between the size of BD and the risk of AUR. The value of 5.15 cm presented a sensitivity of 73% and a specificity of 72%. The area under the curve was 0.75 (p=0.01). Comparing groups with BD >5.0 cm vs. ≤5.0 cm, the AUR incidence was 74% and 27.8% respectively with an OR of 2.65 (1.20-5.85) (p=0.005). In the multivariate analysis, only the size of the diverticula reached statistical significance (p=0.012). The diameter of BD is an independent risk factor for AUR in patients with BPH and BD who are candidates to surgery. A diameter greater than 5.15 cm increases the risk of AUR. Copyright® by the International Brazilian Journal of Urology.

[Categories and characteristics of BPH drug evaluation models: a comparative study].

Science.gov (United States)

Huang, Dong-Yan; Wu, Jian-Hui; Sun, Zu-Yue

2014-02-01

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a worldwide common disease in men over 50 years old, and the exact cause of BPH remains largely unknown. In order to elucidate its pathogenesis and screen effective drugs for the treatment of BPH, many BPH models have been developed at home and abroad. This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the categories and characteristics of BPH drug evaluation models, highlighting the application value of each model, to provide a theoretical basis for the development of BPH drugs.

IPv4 to IPv6 Transformation Schemes

Science.gov (United States)

Miyakawa, Shin

According to the recent observations of IPv4 (Internet Protocol version 4) address allocation status, it will be running out within few years. Consequently, to ensure the continuous extension of the Internet operation, introducing IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6) protocol is surely needed. But at the same time, such transformation must be “smooth” for every Internet users and be compatible with today's IPv4 based practices. This paper describes several techniques and usage scenario which are discussed mainly in the IETF — Internet Engineering Task Force — and tried to be implemented as prototype products to transform today's Internet towards the IPv6 based one.

Rhenium(5) and molybdenum(5) complexes with 4',4(5)-divaleryldibenzo-18-crown-6

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ashurova, N.Kh.; Yakubov, K.G.; Tashmukhamedova, A.K.; Basitova, S.M.

1993-01-01

Methods for synthesizing oxohalide complexes of rhenium and molybdenum with +5 oxidation degree with 4',4 (5) -divaleryldibenzo-18-crown-6 were developed. Content and composition of prepared compounds were investigated by the methods of element analysis, crystal optics, conductometry, IR spectroscopy in the near and far regions, thermogravimetry. Oxidation degree of the complex-forming metal was determined. It was established that composition of the compounds coressponded to the general formula MOLX · H 2 O, where M - Re, Mo; L -4',4 (5) -divaleryldibenzo-18-crown-6; X -Cl - , Br -

Ultrasonically-enhanced preparation, characterization of CaFe-layered double hydroxides with various interlayer halide, azide and oxo anions (CO32-, NO3-, ClO4-).

Science.gov (United States)

Szabados, Márton; Varga, Gábor; Kónya, Zoltán; Kukovecz, Ákos; Carlson, Stefan; Sipos, Pál; Pálinkó, István

2018-01-01

An ultrasonically-enhanced mechanochemical method was developed to synthesize CaFe-layered double hydroxides (LDHs) with various interlayer anions (CO 3 2- , NO 3 - , ClO 4 - , N 3 - , F - , Cl - , Br - and I - ). The duration of pre-milling and ultrasonic irradiation and the variation of synthesis temperature in the wet chemical step were investigated to obtain the optimal parameters of preparation. The main method to characterize the products was X-ray diffractometry, but infrared and synchrotron-based X-ray absorption spectroscopies as well as thermogravimetric measurements were also used to learn about fine structural details. The synthesis method afforded successful intercalation of the anions, among others the azide anion, a rarely used counter ion providing a system, which enables safe handling the otherwise highly reactive anion. The X-ray absorption spectroscopic measurements revealed that the quality of the interlayered anions could modulate the spatial arrangement of the calcium ions around the iron(III) ions, but only in the second coordination sphere. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Antiproliferative activity of aqueous leaf extract of Annona muricata L. on the prostate, BPH-1 cells, and some target genes.

Science.gov (United States)

Asare, George Awuku; Afriyie, Dan; Ngala, Robert A; Abutiate, Harry; Doku, Derek; Mahmood, Seidu A; Rahman, Habibur

2015-01-01

Annona muricata L. has been reported to possess antitumor and antiproliferative properties. Not much work has been done on its effect on BPH-1 cell lines, and no in vivo studies targeting the prostate organ exist. The study determined the effect of A muricata on human BPH-1 cells and prostate organ. The MTT assay was performed on BPH-1 cells using the aqueous leaf extract of A muricata. Cells (1 × 10(5) per well) were challenged with 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mg/mL extract for 24, 48, and 72 hours. Cell proliferation and morphology were examined microscopically. BPH-1 cells (1 × 10(4) per well) were seeded into 6-well plates and incubated for 48 hours with 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mg/mL A muricata extract. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was performed using mRNA extracted from the cells. Possible target genes, Bax and Bcl-2, were examined. Twenty F344 male rats (≈200 g) were gavaged 30 mg/mL (10 rats) and 300 mg/mL (10 rats) and fed ad libitum alongside 10 control rats. Rats were sacrificed after 60 days. The prostate, seminal vesicles, and testes were harvested for histological examination. Annona muricata demonstrated antiproliferative effects with an IC50 of 1.36 mg/mL. Best results were obtained after 48 hours, with near cell extinction at 72 hours. Bax gene was upregulated, while Bcl-2 was downregulated. Normal histological architecture was observed for all testes. Seminal vesicle was significantly reduced in test groups (P BPH-1 cells and reduces prostate size, possibly through apoptosis. © The Author(s) 2014.

Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) Secondary to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) and LUTS/BPH with Erectile Dysfunction in Asian Men: A Systematic Review Focusing on Tadalafil.

Science.gov (United States)

Park, Hyun Jun; Won, Ji Eon Joanne; Sorsaburu, Sebastian; Rivera, Paul David; Lee, Seung Wook

2013-12-01

This review assesses lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with or without erectile dysfunction (ED) and related therapies focusing on tadalafil. A literature search was obtained and reviewed for the epidemiology, treatment therapies, pathophysiology, and efficacy and safety of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDE5i) tadalafil in patients with LUTS/BPH. Approximately 42% of men aged 51 to 60 years have BPH. Approximately 90% of men aged 45 to 80 years have LUTS. Occurrence of LUTS increases with age for almost all racial/ethnic groups (range, 32% to 56%) with prevalence of LUTS highest among Hispanic men, then Blacks, Caucasians, and Asians. There is an independent relationship with LUTS/BPH and ED, with approximately 70% of men with LUTS/BPH having ED with severity of one disease often correlating with the other. The European Urological Association guidelines include the use of the PDE5i tadalafil. Tadalafil is the only therapy recommended for treatment of co-existing BPH and ED, while other therapies have unwanted ED side effects. The mode of action of tadalafil may involve different areas of the lower urinary tract such as smooth muscle cell relaxation in the bladder neck, prostate, and urethra, but there may also be resulting modulation of the afferent nerve activity. Tadalafil (5 mg) in Asian men with LUTS/BPH, similar to global studies, is efficacious and safe. Tadalafil (5 mg) improves co-existing LUTS/BPH and ED, independently. Men with LUTS/BPH likely also have ED. Asian men with LUTS/BPH have similar incidence rates, co-existing ED, comorbid diseases, and risks as non-Asian men. Tadalafil can improve co-existing LUTS/BPH and ED.

Microwave treatment of BPH: still an option?

NARCIS (Netherlands)

de la Rosette, J. J.

1994-01-01

Surgery, the gold standard in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), is presently performed in the majority of patients who receive treatment. An increasing number of alternative options recently became available for treatment of BPH and especially minimal invasive treatment

The preparation and characterization of Cu(II complexes with N,N’,N”,N’”-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane and 2,6-diacetylpyridine bis(semi/thiosemicarbazones

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

GORDANA VUCKOVIC

2004-03-01

Full Text Available Two new Cu(II mixed-ligand complexes with octadentate N,N’,N”,N’”-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane (tpmc and potentially pentadentate ligands 2,6-diacetylpyridine bis(semicarbazone (DAPsc2 or 2,6-diacetylpyridine bis(thiosemicarbazone (DAPtsc2 were prepared. The general formulas: [Cu4 DAPsc2(tpmc2]ClO48·5CH3COCH3·H2O and [Cu2 DAPtsc2(tpmc](ClO44·7C2H5OH were proposed on the basis of elemental analyses and conductometric measurements. The complexes were characterized by magnetic measurement, electronic absorption and IR spectroscopy. For the dinuclear complex, an exo coordination of Cu(II with four nitrogens from tpmc and m-bonded DAPtsc2 through sulfurs and possibly terminal hydrazinic (azomethine nitrogens is assumed. For the tetranuclear complex, it is supposed that one DAPsc2 bridges two [Cu2 tpmc]4+ units using oxygens and terminal hydrazinic nitrogens as ligators. Finally, some antibacterial activity of the complexes was found.

Promising molecular targets and biomarkers for male BPH and LUTS.

Science.gov (United States)

Gharaee-Kermani, Mehrnaz; Macoska, Jill A

2013-12-01

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a major health concern for aging men. BPH is associated with urinary voiding dysfunction and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), which negatively affects quality of life. Surgical resection and medical approaches have proven effective for improving urinary flow and relieving LUTS but are not effective for all men and can produce adverse effects that require termination of the therapeutic regimen. Thus, there is a need to explore other therapeutic targets to treat BPH/LUTS. Complicating the treatment of BPH/LUTS is the lack of biomarkers to effectively identify pathobiologies contributing to BPH/LUTS or to gauge successful response to therapy. This review will briefly discuss current knowledge and will highlight new studies that illuminate the pathobiologies contributing to BPH/LUTS, potential new therapeutic strategies for successfully treating BPH/LUTS, and new approaches for better defining these pathobiologies and response to therapeutics through the development of biomarkers and phenotyping strategies.

Contribution of Orexin to the Neurogenic Hypertension in BPH/2J Mice.

Science.gov (United States)

Jackson, Kristy L; Dampney, Bruno W; Moretti, John-Luis; Stevenson, Emily R; Davern, Pamela J; Carrive, Pascal; Head, Geoffrey A

2016-05-01

BPH/2J mice are a genetic model of hypertension associated with an overactive sympathetic nervous system. Orexin is a neuropeptide which influences sympathetic activity and blood pressure. Orexin precursor mRNA expression is greater in hypothalamic tissue of BPH/2J compared with normotensive BPN/3J mice. To determine whether enhanced orexinergic signaling contributes to the hypertension, BPH/2J and BPN/3J mice were preimplanted with radiotelemetry probes to compare blood pressure 1 hour before and 5 hours after administration of almorexant, an orexin receptor antagonist. Mid frequency mean arterial pressure power and the depressor response to ganglion blockade were also used as indicators of sympathetic nervous system activity. Administration of almorexant at 100 (IP) and 300 mg/kg (oral) in BPH/2J mice during the dark-active period (2 hours after lights off) markedly reduced blood pressure (-16.1 ± 1.6 and -11.0 ± 1.1 mm Hg, respectively;PBPH/2J mice (PBPH/2J mice have 29% more orexin neurons than BPN/3J mice which are preferentially located in the lateral hypothalamus. The results suggest that enhanced orexinergic signaling contributes to sympathetic overactivity and hypertension during the dark period in BPH/2J mice. © 2016 American Heart Association, Inc.

Synthesis of Ca(PF$_6$)$_2$, formed $\\textit{via}$ nitrosonium oxidation of calcium

OpenAIRE

Keyzer, Evan; Matthews, PD; Liu, Zigeng; Bond, Andrew David; Grey, Clare Philomena; Wright, Dominic Simon

2017-01-01

The development of rechargeable Ca-ion batteries as an alternative to Li systems has been limited by the availability of suitable electrolyte salts. We present the synthesis of complexes of Ca(PF$_6$)$_2$ (a key potential Ca battery electrolyte salt) $\\textit{via}$ the treatment of Ca metal with NOPF$_6$, and explore their conversion to species containing PO$_2$F$_2$$^{-}$ under the reaction conditions. NSERC of Canada PGSD; Gonville and Caius College; Cambridge Commonwealth, European, and...

4,6-Dibromo-N-{3-[(4,6-dibromo-2,3-dimethylphenylimino]butan-2-ylidene}-2,3-dimethylaniline

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lina Huang

2013-10-01

Full Text Available The title compound, C20H20Br4N2, is a product of the condensation reaction of 4,6-dibromo-2,3-dimethylaniline and butane-2,3-dione. The molecule has a center of symmetry at the mid-point of the central C—C bond. The dihedral angle between the benzene ring and the 1,4-diazabutadiene plane is 78.3 (2°. Niether hydrogen bonding nor aromatic stacking is observed in the crystal structure.

Calcium Sulfoaluminate Sodalite (Ca 4 Al 6 O 12 SO 4 ) Crystal Structure Evaluation and Bulk Modulus Determination

KAUST Repository

Hargis, Craig W.

2013-12-12

The predominant phase of calcium sulfoaluminate cement, Ca 4(Al6O12)SO4, was investigated using high-pressure synchrotron X-ray diffraction from ambient pressure to 4.75 GPa. A critical review of the crystal structure of Ca4(Al 6O12)SO4 is presented. Rietveld refinements showed the orthorhombic crystal structure to best match the observed peak intensities and positions for pure Ca4(Al6O 12)SO4. The compressibility of Ca4(Al 6O12)SO4 was studied using cubic, orthorhombic, and tetragonal crystal structures due to the lack of consensus on the actual space group, and all three models provided similar results of 69(6) GPa. With its divalent cage ions, the bulk modulus of Ca4(Al6O 12)SO4 is higher than other sodalites with monovalent cage ions, such as Na8(AlSiO4)6Cl2 or Na8(AlSiO4)6(OH)2·H 2O. Likewise, comparing this study to previous ones shows the lattice compressibility of aluminate sodalites decreases with increasing size of the caged ions. Ca4(Al6O12)SO4 is more compressible than other cement clinker phases such as tricalcium aluminate and less compressible than hydrated cement phases such as ettringite and hemicarboaluminate. © 2013 The American Ceramic Society.

IPv4 and IPv6 protocol compatibility options analysis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Regina Misevičienė

2013-09-01

Full Text Available The popularity of the internet has led to a very rapid growth of IPv4 (Internet Protocol v4 users. This caused a shortage of IP addresses, so it was created a new version – IPv6 (Internet Protocol v6. Currently, there are two versions of IP for IPv4 and IPv6. Due to the large differences in addressing the protocols IPv4 and IPv6 are incompatible. It is therefore necessary to find ways to move from IPv4 to IPv6. To facilitate the transition from one version to another are developed various mechanisms and strategies. Comparative analysis is done for dual stack, 6to4 tunnel and NAT64 mechanisms in this work. It has helped to reveal the shortcomings of these mechanisms and their application in selection of realization decisions.

Management of the complications of BPH/BOO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mark J Speakman

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Most men will develop histological BPH if they live long enough. Approximately, half will develop benign prostatic enlargement (BPE and about half of these will get BOO with high bladder pressures and low flow, this in turn leads to detrusor wall hypertrophy. Many of these men will only have lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS but a significant number will also suffer the other complications of BPH. These include urinary retention (acute and chronic, haematuria, urinary tract infection, bladder stones, bladder wall damage, renal dysfunction, incontinence and erectile dysfunction. Recognition of the complications of BPH/BOO early allows more effective management of these complications. This is particularly important for the more serious urinary infections and also for high-pressure chronic retention (HPCR. Complications of LUTS/BPH are very rare in clinical trials because of their strict inclusion and exclusion criteria but are more common in real life practice.

Management of the complications of BPH/BOO.

Science.gov (United States)

Speakman, Mark J; Cheng, Xi

2014-04-01

Most men will develop histological BPH if they live long enough. Approximately, half will develop benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) and about half of these will get BOO with high bladder pressures and low flow, this in turn leads to detrusor wall hypertrophy. Many of these men will only have lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) but a significant number will also suffer the other complications of BPH. These include urinary retention (acute and chronic), haematuria, urinary tract infection, bladder stones, bladder wall damage, renal dysfunction, incontinence and erectile dysfunction. Recognition of the complications of BPH/BOO early allows more effective management of these complications. This is particularly important for the more serious urinary infections and also for high-pressure chronic retention (HPCR). Complications of LUTS/BPH are very rare in clinical trials because of their strict inclusion and exclusion criteria but are more common in real life practice.

Two-dimensional hydrogen-bonded polymers in the crystal structures of the ammonium salts of phenoxyacetic acid, (4-fluorophenoxyacetic acid and (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid

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Graham Smith

2014-12-01

Full Text Available The structures of the ammonium salts of phenoxyacetic acid, NH4+·C8H6O3−, (I, (4-fluorophenoxyacetic acid, NH4+·C8H5FO3−, (II, and the herbicidally active (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA, NH4+·C9H8ClO3−·0.5H2O, (III have been determined. All have two-dimensional layered structures based on inter-species ammonium N—H...O hydrogen-bonding associations, which give core substructures consisting primarily of conjoined cyclic motifs. The crystals of (I and (II are isomorphous with the core comprising R12(5, R12(4 and centrosymmetric R42(8 ring motifs, giving two-dimensional layers lying parallel to (100. In (III, the water molecule of solvation lies on a crystallographic twofold rotation axis and bridges two carboxyl O atoms in an R44(12 hydrogen-bonded motif, creating two R43(10 rings, which together with a conjoined centrosymmetric R42(8 ring incorporating both ammonium cations, generate two-dimensional layers lying parallel to (100. No π–π ring associations are present in any of the structures.

4 CFR 83.6 - Accounting of certain disclosures.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 4 Accounts 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Accounting of certain disclosures. 83.6 Section 83.6... Accounting of certain disclosures. (a) With respect to each system of personnel records, GAO shall, except for disclosures made under §§ 83.4(a) and 83.4(b), keep an accurate accounting of— (1) The date...

Diaquabis[2,6-bis(4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-ylpyridine-κN2]bis(selenocyanato-κNcobalt(II

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Yuan-Yuan Liu

2012-08-01

Full Text Available In the title compound, [Co(NCSe2(C9H7N72(H2O2], the Co2+ cation is coordinated by two selenocyanate anions, two 2,6-bis(4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-ylpyridine ligands and two water molecules within a slightly distorted N4O2 octahedron. The asymmetric unit consists of one Co2+ cation, which is located on a center of inversion, as well as one selenocyanate anion, one 2,6-bis(4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-ylpyridine ligand and one water molecule in general positions. Intermolecular O—H...N hydrogen bonds join the complex molecules into layers parallel to the bc plane. The layers are linked by C—H...N and C—H...Se hydrogen bonds into a three-dimensional supramolecular architecture.

Mechanistic insights into Mg2+-independent prenylation by CloQ from classical molecular mechanics and hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics molecular dynamics simulations.

Science.gov (United States)

Bayse, Craig A; Merz, Kenneth M

2014-08-05

Understanding the mechanism of prenyltransferases is important to the design of engineered proteins capable of synthesizing derivatives of naturally occurring therapeutic agents. CloQ is a Mg(2+)-independent aromatic prenyltransferase (APTase) that transfers a dimethylallyl group to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate in the biosynthetic pathway for clorobiocin. APTases consist of a common ABBA fold that defines a β-barrel containing the reaction cavity. Positively charged basic residues line the inside of the β-barrel of CloQ to activate the pyrophosphate leaving group to replace the function of the Mg(2+) cofactor in other APTases. Classical molecular dynamics simulations of CloQ, its E281G and F68S mutants, and the related NovQ were used to explore the binding of the 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate (4HPP) and dimethylallyl diphosphate substrates in the reactive cavity and the role of various conserved residues. Hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics potential of mean force (PMF) calculations show that the effect of the replacement of the Mg(2+) cofactor with basic residues yields a similar activation barrier for prenylation to Mg(2+)-dependent APTases like NphB. The topology of the binding pocket for 4HPP is important for selective prenylation at the ortho position of the ring. Methylation at this position alters the conformation of the substrate for O-prenylation at the phenol group. Further, a two-dimensional PMF scan shows that a "reverse" prenylation product may be a possible target for protein engineering.

The effect of pomegranate fruit extract on testosterone-induced BPH in rats.

Science.gov (United States)

Ammar, Amr E; Esmat, Ahmed; Hassona, Mohammed D H; Tadros, Mariane G; Abdel-Naim, Ashraf B; Guns, Emma S Tomlinson

2015-05-01

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) affects many men after the age of 50 years. Inflammation and oxidative stress along with apoptotic changes are thought to play an important role in the pathology of BPH. Pomegranate contains a variety of polyphenolic compounds that have been studied in a medley of diseases for their anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic properties. Therefore, this study examined the effect of Pomegranate Fruit Extract (PFE) on the development of BPH using a testosterone-induced BPH model in rats. A total of 48 rats were randomly divided into six groups of eight, one group served as the control, BPH was induced by testosterone 3 mg/kg S.C. daily in four groups, three of them received PFE by oral gavage daily at doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg respectively, while one group received PFE at a dose of 50 mg/kg without induction of BPH. PFE at a dose of 100 mg/kg was the most effective in decreasing testosterone-induced increase in prostate weight, prostate weight/body weight ratio, and PAP levels by 30.8%, 55%, and 68% respectively and in preventing the accompanying histological changes. In the BPH model, testosterone significantly decreased GSH, SOD, and CAT to 0.45, 0.64, and 0.88 of the control group values respectively, and significantly increased MDA by >6-fold. In combination with testosterone, PFE dosed at 100 mg/kg significantly increased GSH, SOD, and CAT to 0.83, 0.92, and 0.93 of the control group values respectively, whereas MDA was significantly decreased by 72% compared with the testosterone treated group. In addition to this, at the range of doses studied, PFE lowered COX-II, iNOS, Ki-67 expression, and increased apoptotic index. The current findings elucidate the effectiveness of PFE in preventing testosterone-induced BPH in rats. This could be attributed, at least partly, to its anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and pro-apoptotic properties. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Characterization of laser deposited Ti6Al4V/TiC composite powders on a Ti6Al4V substrate

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Mahamood, RM

2014-01-01

Full Text Available This paper reports the material characterization of Ti6Al4V/TiC composite produced by laser metal deposition. The Ti6Al4V/TiC composites were deposited with a composition ratio of 50 wt.% Ti64l4V and 50 wt.% TiC. The depositions were achieved...

Deletion of SMARCA4 impairs alveolar epithelial type II cells proliferation and aggravates pulmonary fibrosis in mice

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Danyi Peng

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Alveolar epithelial cells (AECs injury and failed reconstitution of the AECs barrier are both integral to alveolar flooding and subsequent pulmonary fibrosis (PF. Nevertheless, the exact mechanisms regulating the regeneration of AECs post-injury still remain unclear. SMARCA4 is a part of the large ATP-dependent chromatin remodelling complex SWI/SNF, which is essential for kidney and heart fibrosis. We investigates SMARCA4 function in lung fibrosis by establishing PF mice model with bleomycin firstly and found that the expression of SMARCA4 was mainly enhanced in alveolar type II (ATII cells. Moreover, we established an alveolar epithelium-specific SMARCA4-deleted SP-C-rtTA/(tetO7-Cre/SMARCA4f/f mice (SOSM4Δ/Δ model, as well as a new SMARCA4-deleted alveolar type II (ATII-like mle-12 cell line. We found that the bleomycin-induced PF was more aggressive in SOSM4Δ/Δ mice. Also, the proliferation of ATII cells was decreased with the loss of SMARCA4 in vivo and in vitro. In addition, we observed increased proliferation of ATII cells accompanied by abnormally high expression of SMARCA4 in human PF lung sections. These data uncovered the indispensable role of SMARCA4 in the proliferation of ATII cells, which might affect the progression of PF.

Hall effect in the normal phase of the organic superconductor (TMTSF)2PF6

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Moser, J.; Cooper, J.R.; Jerome, D.

2000-01-01

We report accurate Hall effect measurements performed in the normal phase of the quasi-one-dimensional organic conductor (TMTSF)(2)PF(6) at ambient pressure. The Hall coefficient is found to be strongly temperature dependent all the way from 300 K down to the spin density wave onset arising aroun...

Essential role of Stat6 in IL-4 signalling.

Science.gov (United States)

Takeda, K; Tanaka, T; Shi, W; Matsumoto, M; Minami, M; Kashiwamura, S; Nakanishi, K; Yoshida, N; Kishimoto, T; Akira, S

1996-04-18

Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a pleiotropic lymphokine which plays an important role in the immune system. IL-4 activates two distinct signalling pathways through tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat6, a signal transducer and activator of transcription, and of a 170K protein called 4PS. To investigate the functional role of Stat6 in IL-4 signalling, we generated mice deficient in Stat6 by gene targeting. We report here that in the mutant mice, expression of CD23 and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II in resting B cells was not enhanced in response to IL-4. IL-4 induced B-cell proliferation costimulated by anti-IgM antibody was abolished. The T-cell proliferative response was also notably reduced. Furthermore, production of Th2 cytokines from T cells as well as IgE and IgG1 responses after nematode infection were profoundly reduced. These findings agreed with those obtained in IL-4 deficient mice or using antibodies to IL-4 and the IL-4 receptor. We conclude that Stat6 plays a central role in exerting IL-4 mediated biological responses.

Bph32, a novel gene encoding an unknown SCR domain-containing protein, confers resistance against the brown planthopper in rice

Science.gov (United States)

Ren, Juansheng; Gao, Fangyuan; Wu, Xianting; Lu, Xianjun; Zeng, Lihua; Lv, Jianqun; Su, Xiangwen; Luo, Hong; Ren, Guangjun

2016-01-01

An urgent need exists to identify more brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål, BPH) resistance genes, which will allow the development of rice varieties with resistance to BPH to counteract the increased incidence of this pest species. Here, using bioinformatics and DNA sequencing approaches, we identified a novel BPH resistance gene, LOC_Os06g03240 (MSU LOCUS ID), from the rice variety Ptb33 in the interval between the markers RM19291 and RM8072 on the short arm of chromosome 6, where a gene for resistance to BPH was mapped by Jirapong Jairin et al. and renamed as “Bph32”. This gene encodes a unique short consensus repeat (SCR) domain protein. Sequence comparison revealed that the Bph32 gene shares 100% sequence identity with its allele in Oryza latifolia. The transgenic introgression of Bph32 into a susceptible rice variety significantly improved resistance to BPH. Expression analysis revealed that Bph32 was highly expressed in the leaf sheaths, where BPH primarily settles and feeds, at 2 and 24 h after BPH infestation, suggesting that Bph32 may inhibit feeding in BPH. Western blotting revealed the presence of Pph (Ptb33) and Tph (TN1) proteins using a Penta-His antibody, and both proteins were insoluble. This study provides information regarding a valuable gene for rice defence against insect pests. PMID:27876888

Bph32, a novel gene encoding an unknown SCR domain-containing protein, confers resistance against the brown planthopper in rice.

Science.gov (United States)

Ren, Juansheng; Gao, Fangyuan; Wu, Xianting; Lu, Xianjun; Zeng, Lihua; Lv, Jianqun; Su, Xiangwen; Luo, Hong; Ren, Guangjun

2016-11-23

An urgent need exists to identify more brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål, BPH) resistance genes, which will allow the development of rice varieties with resistance to BPH to counteract the increased incidence of this pest species. Here, using bioinformatics and DNA sequencing approaches, we identified a novel BPH resistance gene, LOC_Os06g03240 (MSU LOCUS ID), from the rice variety Ptb33 in the interval between the markers RM19291 and RM8072 on the short arm of chromosome 6, where a gene for resistance to BPH was mapped by Jirapong Jairin et al. and renamed as "Bph32". This gene encodes a unique short consensus repeat (SCR) domain protein. Sequence comparison revealed that the Bph32 gene shares 100% sequence identity with its allele in Oryza latifolia. The transgenic introgression of Bph32 into a susceptible rice variety significantly improved resistance to BPH. Expression analysis revealed that Bph32 was highly expressed in the leaf sheaths, where BPH primarily settles and feeds, at 2 and 24 h after BPH infestation, suggesting that Bph32 may inhibit feeding in BPH. Western blotting revealed the presence of Pph (Ptb33) and Tph (TN1) proteins using a Penta-His antibody, and both proteins were insoluble. This study provides information regarding a valuable gene for rice defence against insect pests.

Simulation of LOFT anticipated-transient experiments L6-1, L6-2, and L6-3 using TRAC-PF1/MOD1

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sahota, M.S.

1984-01-01

Anticipated-transient experiments L6-1, L6-2, and L6-3, performed at the Loss-of-fluid Test (LOFT) facility, are analyzed using the latest released version of the Transient Reactor Analysis Code (TRAC-PF1/MOD1). The results are used to assess TRAC-PF1/MOD1 trip and control capabilities, and predictions of thermal-hydraulic phenomena during slow transients. Test L6-1 simulated a loss-of-stream load in a large pressurized-water reactor (PWR), and was initiated by closing the main steam-flow control valve (MSFCV) at its maximum rate, which reduced the heat removal from the secondary-coolant system and increased the primary-coolant system pressure that initiated a reactor scram. Test L6-2 simulated a loss-of-primary coolant flow in a large PWR, and was initiated by tripping the power to the primary-coolant pumps (PCPs) allowing the pumps to coast down. The reduced primary-coolant flow caused a reactor scram. Test L6-3 simulated an excessive-load increase incident in a large PWR, and was initiated by opening the MSFCV at its maximum rate, which increased the heat removal from the secondary-coolant system and decreased the primary-coolant system pressure that initiated a reactor scram. The TRAC calculations accurately predict most test events. The test data and the calculated results for most parameters of interest also agree well

Synthesis and characterization of technetium(III) complexes containing 2,2'-bipyridine and 1,10-phenanthroline. X-ray crystal structures of cis (Cl),trans(P)-[TcCl2(P(CH3)2C6H5)2(bpy)]B(C6H5)4, cis (Cl),trans(P)-[TcCl2(P(CH3)2C6H5)2(phen)]B(C6H5)4, and cis (Cl),trans(P)-[TcCl2(P(CH3CH2)(C6H5)2)2(bpy)]SO3CF3

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wilcox, B.E.; Ho, D.M.; Deutsch, E.

1989-01-01

Technetium(III) complexes of the general formula cis(Cl),trans(P)-[TcCl 2 (P) 2 L] + , where (P) is dimethylphenylphosphine (PMe 2 Ph) or ethyldiphenylphosphine (PEtPh 2 ) and L is 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy), 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine (Me 2 bpy), or 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), have been synthesized and characterized. They are prepared by L substitution onto, with concomitant displacement of one chloride and one phosphine ligand from, the mer-TcCl 3 (P) 3 starting material in refluxing ethanol. Analysis of these complexes by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (in the positive ion mode) provides fingerprint mass spectra that exhibit peaks assigned to the molecular ion M + as well as peaks assigned to M + minus one or more monodentate ligands. Results of single-crystal x-ray structure determinations of cis(Cl),trans(P)-[TcCl 2 (PMe 2 Ph) 2 (bpy)]BPh 4 (A), cis(Cl),trans(P)-[TcCl 2- (PMe 2 Ph) 2 (phen)]BPh 4 (B), and cis(Cl),trans(P)-[TcCl 2 (PEtPh 2 ) 2 (bpy)]SO 3 CF 3 (C), with formula weights of 921.62, 945.64, and 903.65, respectively are reported. 26 refs., 5 figs., 5 tabs

Clinical Implications of Residual Urine in Korean Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) Patients: A Prognostic Factor for BPH-Related Clinical Events.

Science.gov (United States)

Ko, Young Hwii; Chae, Ji Yun; Jeong, Seung Min; Kang, Jae Il; Ahn, Hong Jae; Kim, Hyung Woo; Kang, Sung Gu; Jang, Hoon Ah; Cheon, Jun; Kim, Je Jong; Lee, Jeong Gu

2010-12-01

Although post-void residual urine (PVR) is frequently utilized clinically in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), mainly because of its procedural simplicity, its role as a clinical prognostic factor, predictive of treatment goals, is still under much dispute. We investigated the predictive value of PVR for BPH-related clinical events including surgery, acute urinary retention (AUR), and admission following urinary tract infection (UTI). From January to June of 2006, patients over 50 years of age who were diagnosed with BPH for the first time at the outpatient clinic and were then treated for at least 3 years with medications were enrolled in this study. The variables of patients who underwent surgical intervention for BPH, had occurrences of AUR, or required admission due to UTI (Group 1, n=43) were compared with those of patients who were maintained with medications only (Group 2, n=266). Group 1 had a significantly higher PVR, more severe symptoms, and a larger prostate at the time of the initial diagnosis in both the univariate and the multivariate analysis. In the 39 patients who underwent BPH-related surgery, although there was a significant change in Qmax at the time of surgery (mean, 13.1 months), PVR and the symptom score remained unchanged compared with the initial evaluation. In the receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis, the area under the curve of Group 1 was in the order of prostate volume (0.834), PVR (0.712), and symptom score (0.621). When redivided by arbitrarily selected PVR cutoffs of 50 mL, 100 mL, and 150 mL, the relative risk of clinical BPH progression was measured as 3.93, 2.61, and 2.11. These data indicate that, in the symptomatic Korean population, increased PVR at baseline is a significant indicator of BPH-related clinical events along with increased symptom score or prostate volume.

Crystal and Molecular Structure Studies of Ethyl 4-(4-Hydroxyphenyl-6-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl-2-oxocyclohex-3-ene-1-carboxylate and Ethyl 4-(3-Bromophenyl-6-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl-2-oxocyclohex-3-ene-1-carboxylate

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Badiadka Narayana

2012-08-01

Full Text Available The crystal and molecular structures of the title compounds, ethyl 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl-6-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl-2-oxocyclohex-3-ene-1-carboxylate (I and ethyl 4-(3-bromophenyl-6-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl-2-oxocyclohex-3-ene-1-carboxylate (II, are reported and confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction data. Compound (I, C26H24O5, crystallizes from a methanol solution in the monoclinic C2/c space group with eight molecules in the unit cell. The unit cell parameters are: a = 25.4114(5 Å, b = 8.47440(10 Å, c = 20.6921(4 Å, β = 108.328(2° and V = 4229.92(13 Å3. Disorder is observed throughout the entire molecule with an occupancy ratio 0.690(2:0.310(2. Compound (II, C26H23O4Br, crystallizes from an ethyl acetate solution in the monoclinic P21/c spacegroup with four molecules in the unit cell. The unit cell parameters are a = 17.8991(9 Å, b = 11.4369(6 Å, c = 10.8507(5 Å, β = 92.428(4° and V = 2219.25(19 Å3. Disorder is observed in the cyclohexenone ring and the carboxylate group with an occupancy ratio 0.830(6:0.170(6. Weak O–H...O (I or C–H...O (II intermolecular interactions are observed which influence crystal packing stability. These chalcone derivative types of molecules are important in their ability to act as activated unsaturated systems in conjugated addition reactions of carbanions in the presence of basic catalysts which exhibit a multitude of biological activities.

CloVR-Comparative: automated, cloud-enabled comparative microbial genome sequence analysis pipeline.

Science.gov (United States)

Agrawal, Sonia; Arze, Cesar; Adkins, Ricky S; Crabtree, Jonathan; Riley, David; Vangala, Mahesh; Galens, Kevin; Fraser, Claire M; Tettelin, Hervé; White, Owen; Angiuoli, Samuel V; Mahurkar, Anup; Fricke, W Florian

2017-04-27

The benefit of increasing genomic sequence data to the scientific community depends on easy-to-use, scalable bioinformatics support. CloVR-Comparative combines commonly used bioinformatics tools into an intuitive, automated, and cloud-enabled analysis pipeline for comparative microbial genomics. CloVR-Comparative runs on annotated complete or draft genome sequences that are uploaded by the user or selected via a taxonomic tree-based user interface and downloaded from NCBI. CloVR-Comparative runs reference-free multiple whole-genome alignments to determine unique, shared and core coding sequences (CDSs) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Output includes short summary reports and detailed text-based results files, graphical visualizations (phylogenetic trees, circular figures), and a database file linked to the Sybil comparative genome browser. Data up- and download, pipeline configuration and monitoring, and access to Sybil are managed through CloVR-Comparative web interface. CloVR-Comparative and Sybil are distributed as part of the CloVR virtual appliance, which runs on local computers or the Amazon EC2 cloud. Representative datasets (e.g. 40 draft and complete Escherichia coli genomes) are processed in genomics projects, while eliminating the need for on-site computational resources and expertise.

(1,6,7,12-Tetraazaperylene-κ2N,N′bis(4,4′,5,5′-tetramethyl-2,2′-bipyridyl-κ2N,N′ruthenium(II bis(hexafluoridophosphate acetonitrile trisolvate

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Thomas Brietzke

2014-06-01

Full Text Available In the title compound, rac-[Ru(C14H16N22(C16H8N4](PF62·3C2H3N, discrete dimers of complex cations, [Ru(tmbpy2tape]2+, of opposite chirality are formed (tmbpy = tetramethylbipyridine; tape = tetraazaperylene, held together by π–π stacking interactions between the tetraazaperylene moieties with centroid–centroid distances in the range 3.563 (3–3.837 (3 Å. These interactions exhibit a parallel displaced π–π stacking mode. Additional weak C—H...π-ring and C—H...N and C—H...F interactions are found, leading to a three-dimensional architecture. The RuII atom is coordinated in a distorted octahedral geometry. The counter-charge is provided by two hexafluoridophosphate anions and the asymmetric unit is completed by three acetonitrile solvent molecules of crystallization. Four F atoms of one PF6− anion are disordered over three sets of sites with occupancies of 0.517 (3:0.244 (3:0.239 (3. Two acetonitrile solvent molecules are highly disordered and their estimated scattering contribution was subtracted from the observed diffraction data using the SQUEEZE option in PLATON [Spek (2009. Acta Cryst. D65, 148–155].

CD4 and CD8

Science.gov (United States)

... PF4 Antibody Hepatitis A Testing Hepatitis B Testing Hepatitis C Testing HER2/neu Herpes Testing High-sensitivity C-reactive Protein (hs-CRP) Histamine Histone Antibody HIV Antibody and HIV Antigen (p24) HIV Antiretroviral Drug Resistance Testing, Genotypic HIV Viral Load HLA Testing HLA- ...

Effect of doxazosin gastrointestinal therapeutic system 4 mg vs tamsulosin 0.2 mg on nocturia in Chinese men with lower urinary tract symptoms: a prospective, multicenter, randomized, open, parallel study.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Kai; Yu, Wei; Jin, Jie; Ye, Haiyun; Wang, Xiaofeng; Zhang, Ning; Yang, Yong; Zhong, Chenyang; Wan, Ben

2011-09-01

To compare the efficacy of the doxazosin gastrointestinal therapeutic system (doxazosin-GITS) 4 mg and tamsulosin 0.2 mg on nocturia in Chinese men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Data were analyzed from a prospective, multicenter, randomized, open, parallel study of Chinese men aged 50-84 years with LUTS/BPH. Two hundred patients were randomized to receive daily treatment with 4 mg doxazosin-GITS (n=100) or 0.2 mg tamsulosin (n=100) for 8 weeks. Nocturia was assessed by question 7 of the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS-question 7) and a frequency-volume chart (FVC) at weeks 4 and 8. Self-reported quality of sleep and quality of life by the last question of the IPSS questionnaire were also evaluated. A total of 189 patients (94 receiving doxazosin-GITS, 95 tamsulosin) completed the study. The reduction from baseline in mean nocturia was greater with doxazosin-GITS than tamsulosin by the FVC (1.7 vs 1.3 at week 4; 2.1 vs 1.7 at week 8, both P=.001) and by the IPSS-question 7 (1.5 vs 1.1 at 4 weeks, P=.001; 2.0 vs 1.6 at 8 weeks, Psleep was significantly more with doxazosin-GITS than tamsulosin (43.6% vs 27.4% at 4 weeks, P=.020; 81.9% vs 67.4% at 8 weeks, P=.022), and quality of life was better with doxazosin-GITS (2.5 vs 2.8 at 4 weeks, P=.001; 2.1 vs 2.5 at 8 weeks, P<.001). In Chinese patients with LUTS/BPH, doxazosin-GITS is slightly better than tamsulosin in reducing the frequency of nocturia. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Thermal expansion studies on UMoO5, UMoO6, Na2U(MoO4)3 and Na4U(MoO4)4

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Keskar, Meera; Dahale, N.D.; Krishnan, K.

2009-01-01

In the present work, thermal expansion behavior of lower valent sodium uranium molybdates, i.e., Na 2 U(MoO 4 ) 3 and Na 4 U(MoO 4 ) 4 were studied under vacuum in the temperature range of 298-873 K using high temperature X-ray diffractometry (HTXRD). Expansion behaviors of UMoO 5 and UMoO 6 were also studied in vacuum from 298 to 873 K and 773 K, respectively. UMoO 5 was synthesized by reacting UO 2 with MoO 3 in equi-molar proportion in evacuated sealed quartz ampoule at 1173 K for 14 h. Na 2 U(MoO 4 ) 3 and Na 4 U(MoO 4 ) 4 were prepared by reacting UMoO 5 and MoO 3 with 1 and 2 moles of Na 2 MoO 4 , respectively, at 873 K in evacuated sealed quartz ampoule. XRD data of UMoO 5 and UMoO 6 were indexed on orthorhombic and monoclinic systems, respectively, whereas, the data of Na 2 U(MoO 4 ) 3 and Na 4 U(MoO 4 ) 4 were indexed on tetragonal system. The lattice parameters and cell volume of all the four compounds, fit into polynomial expression with respect to temperature, showed positive thermal expansion (PTE) up to 873 K.

Properties of the malarial proteins Pf2, Pf9 and PfP0, which support ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Properties of the malarial proteins Pf2, Pf9 and PfP0, which support their roles as immune targets. Antibodies raised to each of these proteins (or purified from immune adults) inhibit the growth of Plasmodium falciparum at the red cell invasion step. The proteins are localized on the parasite cell surface. Each protein is ...

39 CFR 6.4 - Attendance by conference telephone call.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 39 Postal Service 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Attendance by conference telephone call. 6.4 Section 6.4 Postal Service UNITED STATES POSTAL SERVICE THE BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE U.S. POSTAL SERVICE MEETINGS (ARTICLE VI) § 6.4 Attendance by conference telephone call. For regularly scheduled meetings of...

Different Competitive Capacities of Stat4 and Stat6 Deficient CD4+ T Cells during Lymphophenia-Driven Proliferation

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sanchez-Guajardo, Vanesa Maria; Borghans, J.A.M.; Marquez, M.-E.

2005-01-01

The outcome of an immune response relies on the competitive capacities acquired through differentiation of CD4ﰀ T cells into Th1 or Th2 effector cells. Because Stat4 and Stat6 proteins are implicated in the Th1 vs Th2 generation and maintenance, respectively, we compare in this study the kinetics...... of Stat4ﰐ/ﰐ and Stat6ﰐ/ﰐ CD4ﰀ T cells during competitive bone marrow reconstitution and lymphopenia-driven proliferation. After bone marrow transplantation, both populations reconstitute the peripheral T cell pools equally well. After transfer into lymphopenic hosts, wild-type and Stat6ﰐ/ﰐ CD4ﰀ T cells...... show a proliferation advantage, which is early associated with the expression of an active phospho-Stat4 and the down-regulation of Stat6. Despite these differences, Stat4- and Stat6-deficient T cells reach similar steady state numbers. However, when both Stat4ﰐ/ﰐ and Stat6ﰐ/ﰐ CD4ﰀ T cells...

Mapping and marker-assisted selection of a brown planthopper resistance gene bph2 in rice (Oryza sativa L.).

Science.gov (United States)

Sun, Li-Hong; Wang, Chun-Ming; Su, Chang-Chao; Liu, Yu-Qiang; Zhai, Hu-Qu; Wan, Jian-Min

2006-08-01

Nilaparvata lugens Stål (brown planthopper, BPH), is one of the major insect pests of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in the temperate rice-growing region. In this study, ASD7 harboring a BPH resistance gene bph2 was crossed to a susceptible cultivar C418, a japonica restorer line. BPH resistance was evaluated using 134 F2:3 lines derived from the cross between "ASD7" and "C418". SSR assay and linkage analysis were carried out to detect bph2. As a result, the resistant gene bph2 in ASD7 was successfully mapped between RM7102 and RM463 on the long arm of chromosome 12, with distances of 7.6 cM and 7.2 cM, respectively. Meanwhile, both phenotypic selection and marker-assisted selection (MAS) were conducted in the BC1F1 and BC2F1 populations. Selection efficiencies of RM7102 and RM463 were determined to be 89.9% and 91.2%, respectively. It would be very beneficial for BPH resistance improvement by using MAS of this gene.

HCl and ClO in activated Arctic air; first retrieved vertical profiles from TELIS submillimetre limb spectra

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A. de Lange

2012-02-01

Full Text Available The first profile retrieval results of the Terahertz and submillimeter Limb Sounder (TELIS balloon instrument are presented. The spectra are recorded during a 13-h balloon flight on 24 January 2010 from Kiruna, Sweden. The TELIS instrument was mounted on the MIPAS-B2 gondola and shared this platform with the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS and the mini-Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (mini-DOAS instruments. The flight took place within the Arctic vortex at an altitude of ≈34 km in chlorine activated air, and both active (ClO and inactive chlorine (HCl were measured over an altitude range of respectively ≈16–32 km and ≈10–32 km. In this altitude range, the increase of ClO concentration levels during sunrise has been recorded with a temporal resolution of one minute. During the daytime equilibrium, a maximum ClO level of 2.1 ± 0.3 ppbv has been observed at an altitude of 23.5 km. This equilibrium profile is validated against the ClO profile by the satellite instrument Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS aboard EOS Aura. HCl profiles have been determined from two different isotopes – H³⁵Cl and H³⁷Cl – and are also validated against MLS. The precision of all profiles is well below 0.01 ppbv and the overall accuracy is therefore governed by systematic effects. The total uncertainty of these effects is estimated to be maximal 0.3 ppbv for ClO around its peak value at 23.5 km during the daytime equilibrium, and for HCl it ranges from 0.05 to 0.4 ppbv, depending on altitude. In both cases the main uncertainty stems from a largely unknown non-linear response in the detector.

Synthesis and crystal structure of 4-fluorobenzylammonium dihydrogen phosphate, [FC6H4CH2NH3]H2PO4

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Ali Rayes

2016-12-01

Full Text Available The asymmetric unit of the title salt, [p-FC6H4CH2NH3]+·H2PO4−, contains one 4-fluorobenzylammonium cation and one dihydrogen phosphate anion. In the crystal, the H2PO4− anions are linked by O—H...O hydrogen bonds to build corrugated layers extending parallel to the ab plane. The FC6H4CH2NH3+ cations lie between these anionic layers to maximize the electrostatic interactions and are linked to the H2PO4− anions through N—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional supramolecular network. Two hydrogen atoms belonging to the dihydrogen phosphate anion are statistically occupied due to disorder along the OH...HO direction.

3-(4-Fluorobenzoyl-4-(4-fluorophenyl-4-hydroxy-2,6-diphenylcyclohexane-1,1-dicarbonitrile

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

B. Narayana

2014-06-01

Full Text Available In the title compound, C33H24F2N2O2, the cyclohexane ring adopts a slightly distorted chair conformation. The dihedral angle between the planes of the phenyl rings is 71.80 (9°, while the planes of the fluorophenyl and fluorobenzoyl rings are inclined to one another by 31.04 (10°. The dihedral angles between the planes of the phenyl ring adjacent to the 4-hydroxy group and those of the the fluorophenyl and fluorobenzoyl rings are 51.64 (10 and 34.31 (10°, respectively, while the corresponding angles for the phenyl ring adjacent to the 3-(4-fluorobenzoyl group are 57.51 (9 and 85.02 (10°, respectively. An intramolecular O—H...O hydrogen bond generates an S(6 ring motif. In the crystal, molecules are linked via pairs of O—H...N hydrogen bonds, forming inversion dimers. The dimers are linked via C—H...N and C—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming chains along the c-axis direction. C—H...F hydrogen bonds link the chains into sheets lying parallel to the bc plane.

Ultra-fast and sensitive photo-induced phase switching in (EDO-TTF)2PF6

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chollet, Matthieu; Guerin, Laurent; Uchida, Naoki; Fukaya, Souichi; Ishikawa, Tadahiko; Koshihara, Shin-ya; Matsuda, Kazunari; Yamochi, Hideki; Ota, Akira; Saito, Gunzi

2005-01-01

Organic conductor (EDO-TTF) 2 PF 6 crystal having 14 filled band shows a metal (M)-insulator (I) transition accompanied with Peierls transition, charge ordering, and anion ordering at transition temperature, T C =280K. This crystal is an important and fascinating candidate for photo-induced M-I transition because the multi-instability will afford sensitivity to the tiny stimulation. We make the report of the reflectivity change in (EDO-TTF) 2 PF 6 crystal induced by the irradiation of femto-second (fs) pulsed laser (pulse width: 120fs, main wavelength: 800nm, repetition rate: 1kHz). The obtained results indicate that the highly efficient I-to-M transition occurs within 3ps in this material. Based on these results, the strong electron-lattice cooperative interaction is proved to play an essential role in the driving process of this M-I transition. Also, 14 filled materials, which show M-I transition, accompanied with the charge ordering, can be classified as fascinating candidates not only for superconductivity but also for photo-induced cooperative phenomena and application in phase switching devices

2-(4-Methylpiperazin-1-yl-4-phenyl-6-(thiophen-2-yl-pyridine-3-carbonitrile

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nawal Mishriky

2013-02-01

Full Text Available 2-(4-Methylpiperazin-1-yl-4-phenyl-6-(thiophen-2-yl-pyridine-3-carbonitrile (4 was synthesized via nucleophilic substitution reaction of 1-methylpiperazine with 2-bromo analogue 3. The latter was obtained through bromination (Br2/AcOH of 2-[3-oxo-1-phenyl-3-(thiophen-2-ylpropyl]malononitrile (2.

Electrochemical studies of UO22+ in 1-octyl 3- methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (omimPF6) room temperature ionic liquid

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kamat, J.V.; Gopinath, N.; Lohithakshan, K.V.; Aggarwal, S.K.

2007-01-01

The effect of the degraded products on the Electrochemical Window (EW) of l-octyl 3- methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (OmimPF 6 ) were studied. Studies were also carried to optimize conditions for extraction of UO 2 2+ to investigate its redox behavior in OmimPF6 and determine the number of electrons involved in the redox chemistry. The Chronoamperometric technique of evaluating n without knowing diffusion coefficient, D, was devised by Kakihana et al. and has been applied in the present work. The number of electrons involved was determined from the values of slope and intercept of the Cottrell plot. The results of these studies are presented in this paper

41 CFR 51-6.4 - Military resale commodities.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true Military resale commodities. 51-6.4 Section 51-6.4 Public Contracts and Property Management Other Provisions Relating to... stores, Armed Forces exchanges and like activities of other Government departments and agencies) shall...

Synthesis, characterization of a new photosensitive compound [Ru(bpy)2 (TPAD)](PF6)2 and its application for photocatalytic hydrogen production

Science.gov (United States)

Zheng, Hui-Qin; Guo, Yi-Ping; Yin, Ming-Cai; Fan, Yao-Ting

2016-06-01

A new photosensitive compound based on triphenylamine donor and ruthenium(II), namely [Ru(bpy)2(TPAD)](PF6)2 (PS1, bpy = 2,2‧-bipyridine, TPAD = N-(4-(1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10] phenanthroline-2-yl)phenyl)-N-phenylbenzenamine), had been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, 1H NMR, MS spectra, UV, PL and CV measurements. The target photocatalyst, PS1/0.5 wt% Pt/TiO2, was prepared by sensitizing PS1 to 0.5 wt% Pt/TiO2 and characterized by SEM and XRD. The highest hydrogen evolution reached to 9500 μmol·(g·catalyst)-1 (475 μmol, 31.7 TON and TOF 5.8 vs. PS1) under the optimal conditions with 0.05 g·L-1 of PS1, and 5% of TEOA at pH 11 with the irradiation of 5.5 h. The mechanism of hydrogen evolution was also briefly discussed in the present work.

Alzheimer's disease susceptibility variants in the MS4A6A gene are associated with altered levels of MS4A6A expression in blood.

Science.gov (United States)

Proitsi, Petroula; Lee, Sang Hyuck; Lunnon, Katie; Keohane, Aoife; Powell, John; Troakes, Claire; Al-Sarraj, Safa; Furney, Simon; Soininen, Hilkka; Kłoszewska, Iwona; Mecocci, Patrizia; Tsolaki, Magda; Vellas, Bruno; Lovestone, Simon; Hodges, Angela

2014-02-01

An increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) has previously been found to be associated with variants at the MS4A6A locus. We sought to identify which genes and transcripts in this region have altered expression in AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and are influenced by the AD risk variant(s), as a first step to understanding the molecular basis of AD susceptibility at this locus. Common variants located within highly expressed MS4A6A transcripts were significantly associated with AD and MS4A6A expression levels in blood from MCI and AD subjects (p < 0.05, rs610932, rs7232, rs583791). More copies of the protective (minor) allele were associated with lower MS4A6A expression of each transcript (e.g., p = 0.019; rs610932-total MS4A6A). Furthermore, in heterozygous AD subjects, relative expression of the protective allele of V4-MS4A6A transcripts was lower (p < 0.008). Irrespective of genotype, MS4A6A transcripts were increased in blood from people with AD (p < 0.003), whereas lower expression of full length V1-MS4A6A (p = 0.002) and higher expression of V4-MS4A6A (p = 1.8 × 10(-4)) were observed in MCI, relative to elderly controls. The association between genotype and expression was less consistent in brain, although BA9 did have a similar genotype association with V4-MS4A6A transcripts as in blood. MS4A6A transcripts were widely expressed in tissues and cells, with the exception of V4-MS4A6A, which was not expressed in neuronal cells. Together these results suggest that high levels of MS4A6A in emerging AD pathology are detrimental. Persons with MCI may lower MS4A6A expression to minimize detrimental disease associated MS4A6A activity. However, those with the susceptibility allele appear unable to decrease expression sufficiently, which may explain their increased risk for developing AD. Inhibiting MS4A6A may therefore promote a more neuroprotective phenotype, although further work is needed to establish whether this is the case. Copyright © 2014

Synthesis and structure of the extended phosphazane ligand [(1,4-C6H4){N(μ-PN(t)Bu)2N(t)Bu}2](4).

Science.gov (United States)

Sevilla, Raquel; Less, Robert J; García-Rodríguez, Raúl; Bond, Andrew D; Wright, Dominic S

2016-02-07

The reaction of the phenylene-bridged precursor (1,4-C6H4)[N(PCl2)2]2 with (t)BuNH2 in the presence of Et3N gives the new ligand precursor (1,4-C6H4)[N(μ-N(t)Bu)2(PNH(t)Bu)2]2, deprotonation of which with Bu2Mg gives the novel tetraanion [(1,4-C6H4){N(μ-N(t)Bu)2(PN(t)Bu)2}2](4-).

Linear uranium metallocenes with polydentate aromatic nitrogen ligands

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Berthet, Jean-Claude; Thuery, Pierre; Ephritikhine, Michel; Maynadie, Jerome

2010-01-01

Treatment of [Cp 2 *U(NCMe) 5 ]X 2 [Cp* = C 5 Me 5 , X = BPh 4 (1) or I (1')] or Cp 2 *UI 2 in acetonitrile with the polydentate aromatic nitrogen bases phen, terpy and R 4 btbp led to the formation of the linear uranium metallocenes [Cp 2 *U(NCMe) 3 (phen)]X 2 [X = BPh 4 (2), I (2')], [Cp 2 *U(NCMe) 2 (terpy)][BPh 4 ] 2 (4), [Cp 2 *U(NCMe)(Me 4 btbp)][BPh 4 ] 2 (5) and [Cp 2 *U(NCMe)(CyMe 4 btbp)][X] 2 , [X = BPh 4 (6), I (6')], [phen 1, 10-phenanthroline, terpy = 2, 2':6, 2''-terpyridine, Me 4 btbp 6, 6'-bis-(3, 3, 6, 6-tetramethyl-1, 2, 4-triazin-3-yl)-2, 2'-bipyridine, CyMe 4 btbp = 6, 6'-bis-(3, 3, 6, 6-tetramethyl-cyclohexane-1, 2, 4-triazin-3-yl)-2, 2'-bipyridine]. The bent metallocene [Cp 2 *U(phen) 2 ][BPh 4 ] 2 (3) was isolated from the reaction of 1 and two molar equivalents of phen in THF. The X-ray crystal structures of 2.2MeCN, 3.2THF, 4 and 6'center dot 2MeCN were determined. (authors)

Body mass index and risk of BPH: a meta-analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, S; Mao, Q; Lin, Y; Wu, J; Wang, X; Zheng, X; Xie, L

2012-09-01

Epidemiological studies have reported conflicting results relating obesity to BPH. A meta-analysis of cohort and case-control studies was conducted to pool the risk estimates of the association between obesity and BPH. Eligible studies were retrieved by both computer searches and review of references. We analyzed abstracted data with random effects models to obtain the summary risk estimates. Dose-response meta-analysis was performed for studies reporting categorical risk estimates for a series of exposure levels. A total of 19 studies met the inclusion criteria of the meta-analysis. Positive association with body mass index (BMI) was observed in BPH and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) combined group (odds ratio=1.27, 95% confidence intervals 1.05-1.53). In subgroup analysis, BMI exhibited a positive dose-response relationship with BPH/LUTS in population-based case-control studies and a marginal positive association was observed between risk of BPH and increased BMI. However, no association between BPH/LUTS and BMI was observed in other subgroups stratified by study design, geographical region or primary outcome. The overall current literatures suggested that BMI was associated with increased risk of BPH. Further efforts should be made to confirm these findings and clarify the underlying biological mechanisms.

STAT6: its role in interleukin 4-mediated biological functions.

Science.gov (United States)

Takeda, K; Kishimoto, T; Akira, S

1997-05-01

Interleukin (IL) 4 is known to be a cytokine which plays a central role in the regulation of immune response. Studies on cytokine signal transduction have clarified the mechanism by which IL4 exerts its functions. Two cytoplasmic proteins, signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 6 and IL4-induced phosphotyrosine substrate/insulin receptor substrate 2 (4PS/IRS2), are activated in IL4 signal transduction. Recent studies from STAT6-deficient mice have revealed the essential role of STAT6 in IL4-mediated biological actions. In addition, STAT6 has also been demonstrated to be important for the functions mediated by IL13, which is related to IL4. IL4 and IL13 have been shown to induce the production of IgE, which is a major mediator in an allergic response. These findings indicate that STAT6 activation is involved in IL4- and IL13-mediated disorders such as allergy.

Is there a link between BPH and prostate cancer?

Science.gov (United States)

Chang, R T M; Kirby, Roger; Challacombe, B J

2012-04-01

BPH is one of the most common diseases of older men, with more than 70% of men over 70 years affected, and prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men in the UK. Prostate cancer generally presents in one of three ways: asymptomatic patients who are screened (usually by a PSA test); men with LUTS who are investigated and undergo prostate biopsy; or patients with symptoms of metastasis such as bone pain. Men can be reassured that the main cause of LUTS is BPH. Only a small proportion of men have LUTS that are directly attributable to prostate cancer. Digital rectal examination (DRE) gives an evaluation of prostate size, which is relevant in particular to BPH management, and along with PSA testing it is one of the only ways of differentiating clinically between BPH and prostate cancer. If a nodular abnormality is present there is around a 50% chance of a diagnosis of prostate cancer being made on biopsy. Raised levels of serum PSA may be suggestive of prostate cancer, but diagnosis requires histological confirmation in almost every case. A normal PSA, PSA density and DRE can give reasonable confidence with regards to excluding clinically significant prostate cancer. BPH is not a known risk factor for prostate cancer, although the two frequently coexist. Age is the strongest predictor of prostate cancer risk, along with family history. BPH is not considered to be a precursor of prostate cancer. It is likely that although BPH may not make prostate cancer more likely to occur, it may increase the chance of diagnosing an incidental cancer.

Calcium Sulfoaluminate Sodalite (Ca 4 Al 6 O 12 SO 4 ) Crystal Structure Evaluation and Bulk Modulus Determination

KAUST Repository

Hargis, Craig W.; Moon, Juhyuk; Lothenbach, Barbara; Winnefeld, Frank; Wenk, Hans-Rudolf; Monteiro, Paulo J. M.

2013-01-01

The predominant phase of calcium sulfoaluminate cement, Ca 4(Al6O12)SO4, was investigated using high-pressure synchrotron X-ray diffraction from ambient pressure to 4.75 GPa. A critical review of the crystal structure of Ca4(Al 6O12)SO4 is presented

BPH: a tell-tale sign of prostate cancer? Results from the Prostate Cancer and Environment Study (PROtEuS).

Science.gov (United States)

Boehm, Katharina; Valdivieso, Roger; Meskawi, Malek; Larcher, Alessandro; Sun, Maxine; Sosa, José; Blanc-Lapierre, Audrey; Weiss, Deborah; Graefen, Markus; Saad, Fred; Parent, Marie-Élise; Karakiewicz, Pierre I

2015-12-01

In a population-based case-control study (PROtEuS), we examined the association between prostate cancer (PCa) and (1) benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) history at any time prior to PCa diagnosis, (2) BPH-history reported at least 1 year prior to interview/diagnosis (index date) and (3) exposure to BPH-medications. Cases were 1933 men with incident prostate cancer diagnosed across Montreal French hospitals between 2005 and 2009. Population controls were 1994 men from the same age distribution and residential area. In-person interviews collected socio-demographic characteristics and medical history, e.g., BPH diagnosis, duration and treatment, as well as on PCa screening. Logistic regression analyses tested overall and grade-specific associations, including subgroup analyses with frequent PSA testing. A BPH-history was associated with an increased risk of PCa (OR 1.37 [95 % CI 1.16-2.61]), more pronounced for low-grade PCa (Gleason ≤6: OR 1.54 [1.26-1.87]; Gleason ≥7: OR 1.05 [0.86-1.27]). The association was not significant when BPH-history diagnosis was more than 1 year prior to index date, except for low-grade PCa (OR 1.29 [1.05-1.60]). Exposure to 5α reductase inhibitors (5α-RI) resulted in a decreased risk of overall PCa (OR 0.62 [0.42-0.92]), particularly for intermediate- to high-grade PCa (Gleason ≤6: OR 0.70 [0.43-1.14]; Gleason ≥7: OR 0.43 [0.26-0.72]). Adjusting for PSA testing frequency or restricting analyses to frequently screened subjects did not affect these results. BPH-history was associated with an increased PCa risk, which disappeared, when BPH-history did not include BPH diagnosis within the previous year. Our results also suggest that 5α-RI exposure exerts a protective effect on intermediate and high-grade PCa.

Association of polymorphisms in CYP19A1 and CYP3A4 genes with lower urinary tract symptoms, prostate volume, uroflow and PSA in a population-based sample.

Science.gov (United States)

Berges, Richard; Gsur, Andrea; Feik, Elisabeth; Höfner, Klaus; Senge, Theodor; Pientka, Ludger; Baierl, Andreas; Michel, Martin C; Ponholzer, Anton; Madersbacher, Stephan

2011-04-01

The known importance of testosterone for the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) prompted us to test the hypothesis whether polymorphisms of two genes (CYP19A1 and CYP3A4) involved in testosterone metabolism are associated with clinical BPH-parameters. A random sample of the population-based Herne lower urinary tract symptoms cohort was analysed. All these men underwent a detailed urological work-up. Two polymorphisms in the CYP19A1 gene [rs700518 in exon 4 (A57G); rs10046 at the 3'UTR(C268T)] and one in the 3'UTR of CYP3A4 [rs2740574 (A392G)] were determined by TaqMan assay from genomic DNA of peripheral blood. These polymorphisms were correlated to clinical and laboratory BPH-parameters. A total of 392 men (65.4 ± 7.0 years; 52-79 years) were analysed. Mean International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS; 7.5), Q (max) (15.4 ml/s), prostate volume (31 ml) and prostate specific antigen (PSA) (1.8 ng/ml) indicated a typical elderly population. Both polymorphisms in the CYP19A1 gene were not correlated to age, IPSS, Q (max), prostate volume and post-void residual volume. Serum PSA was higher in men carrying the heterozygous rs10046 genotype (2.0 ± 0.1 ng/ml) than in those with the CC-genotype (1.7 ± 0.2 ng/ml, P = 0.012). Men carrying one a mutated allele of the CYP3A4 gene had smaller prostates (27.0 ± 2.0 vs. 32 ± 0.8 ml, P = 0.02) and lower PSA levels (1.6 ± 0.3 vs. 1.9 ± 0.1 ng/ml). The inconsistent associations observed herein and for other gene polymorphisms warrant further studies. In general, the data regarding the association of gene polymorphism to BPH-parameters suggest that this disease is caused by multiple rather than a single genetic variant. A rigorous patient selection based on anatomo-pathological and hormonal profile may possible reduce the number of confounders for future studies thus enabling a more detailed assessment of the association between genetic factors and BPH-parameters.

Cyclopolymerization-derived block-copolymers of 4,4-bis(octyloxymethyl)-1,6-heptadiyne with 4,4- dipropargyl malonodinitrile for use in photovoltaics

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sudheendran, Mavila; Horecha, Marta; Kiriy, Anton

2013-01-01

where polymerizations were triggered by [Ru(NCO)2(IMesH2)(]CH-2-(2-PrO)–C6H4] (I2) and [Ru(NCO)2(3-Br-Py)2(IMesH2)(CHPh)] (I3), (IMesH2 ¼ 1,3-dimesitylimidazolin-2-ylidene, 3-Br-Py ¼ 3-bromopyridine), the use of RuCl2(Py)2(IMesH2)(CHPh) (I1) in THF allowed for the synthesis of poly(M1) without any...... backbiting, though with a broad PDI. Block copolymers, i.e. poly(M1)-b-poly(M2), could be prepared in a living manner without any backbiting by the use of the Mo-based Schrock-type initiator Mo(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)(CHCMe2Ph)(OCH(CH3)2)2 (I4) and THF as solvent. Poly(M1)-b-poly(M2) was characterized by UV...

Physical water scarcity metrics for monitoring progress towards SDG target 6.4 : An evaluation of indicator 6.4.2 “Level of water stress”

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Vanham, D.; Hoekstra, A. Y.; Wada, Y.; Bouraoui, F.; de Roo, A.; Mekonnen, M. M.; van de Bund, W. J.; Batelaan, O.; Pavelic, P.; Bastiaanssen, Wim G M; Kummu, M.; Rockström, J.; Liu, J.; Bisselink, B.; Ronco, P.; Pistocchi, A.; Bidoglio, G.

2018-01-01

Target 6.4 of the recently adopted Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) deals with the reduction of water scarcity. To monitor progress towards this target, two indicators are used: Indicator 6.4.1 measuring water use efficiency and 6.4.2 measuring the level of water stress (WS). This paper aims to

Genomics-guided discovery of secondary metabolites and their regulation in Pseudomonas protegens Pf-5

Science.gov (United States)

Pseudomonas protegens strain Pf-5 is a well-characterized rhizosphere bacterium known for its production of a diverse spectrum of secondary metabolites and its capacity to suppress plant diseases caused by soilborne fungal, bacterial and oomycete pathogens. Metabolites produced by Pf-5 include 2,4-...

MHD equilibrium methods for ITER [International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor] PF [poloidal field] coil design and systems analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Strickler, D.J.; Galambos, J.D.; Peng, Y.K.M.

1989-03-01

Two versions of the Fusion Engineering Design Center (FEDC) free-boundary equilibrium code designed to computer the poloidal field (PF) coil current distribution of elongated, magnetically limited tokamak plasmas are demonstrated and applied to the systems analysis of the impact of plasma elongation on the design point of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER). These notes were presented at the ITER Specialists' Meeting on the PF Coil System and Operational Scenario, held at the Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics in Garching, Federal Republic of Germany, May 24--27, 1988. 8 refs., 6 figs., 4 tabs

Radioimmunoassay determination of factor 4 platelets (PF4) in acute myocardial infarction patients

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Leon Herrejon, Ma. de L.; Graef S, A.; Altamirano B, P.; Ramos C, M.A.

1985-01-01

From a pathological standpoint an increase in the Factor 4 platelet has been observed in various abnormal states including myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus, diffuse intravascular coagulation and renal insufficiency among others. Eighty subjects were studied at rest: 40 normal and under no medication, and 40 myocardial infarction patients in the acute phase and with added pathology. All were under the same therapeutic regimen. Results obtained between both groups were statistically significant with a P > 0.01. (author)

Biotransformation of ginsenosides F4 and Rg6 in zebrafish.

Science.gov (United States)

Shen, Wen-Wen; Zhang, Hai-Xia; Qiu, Shou-Bei; Wei, Ying-Jie; Zhu, Fen-Xia; Wang, Jing; Wang, Dan-Dan; Jia, Xiao-Bin; Tang, Dao-Quan; Chen, Bin

2017-03-28

Ginsenosides F 4 and Rg 6 (GF 4 and GRg 6 ), two main active components of steamed notoginseng or red ginseng, are dehydrated disaccharide saponins. In this work, biotransformation of ginsenosides F 4 and Rg 6 in zebrafish was investigated by qualitatively identifying their metabolites and then proposing their possible metabolic pathways. The prediction of possible metabolism of ginsenosides F 4 and Rg 6 using zebrafish model which can effectively simulate existing mammals model was early and quickly performed. Metabolites of ginsenosides F 4 and Rg 6 after exposing to zebrafish for 24 h were identified by Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography/Quadrupole-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. A total of 8 and 6 metabolites of ginsenosides F 4 and Rg 6 were identified in zebrafish, respectively. Of these, 7 and 5, including M1, M3-M5, M7-M9 and N1 (N5), N2, N4 (N9), N7-N8 were reported for the first time as far as we know. The mechanisms of their biotransformation involved were further deduced to be desugarization, glucuronidation, sulfation, dehydroxylation, loss of C-17 and/or C-23 residue pathways. It was concluded that loss of rhamnose at position C-6 and glucuronidation at position C-3 in zebrafish were considered as the main physiologic and metabolic processes of ginsenosides F 4 and ginsenosides Rg 6 , respectively.

Synthesis and Molecular Structure of 6-Amino-3-benzylmercapto-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-f][1,2,4]triazin-8(7H-one

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gene-Hsiang Lee

2006-03-01

Full Text Available The title compound 6-amino-3-benzylmercapto-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-f][1,2,4]-triazin-8(7H-one (4, molecular formula C11H10N6OS, was obtained by the reaction of3-amino-2-benzyl-6-hydrazino-1,2,4-triazin-5(2H-one (3 with carbon disulfide in awater/pyridine mixture. Compound 4 can also be synthesized by reacting6-amino-3(2Hmercapto-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-f][1,2,4]triazin-8(7H-one (7 with benzylbromide in methanolic ammonia water. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinicspace group P21/c with a = 7.2926(15, b = 14.456(2, c = 11.436(2 å, β = 105.30(2°, V= 1162.9(4 å3 and Z = 4, resulting in a density Dcalc of 1.567 g/cm3. Molecules of 4 arelinked by extensive intermolecular N-H···N and N-H···O hydrogen bonding [graph set R22 (9]. The structure is further stabilized by π-π stacking interactions. 2

Quantum-chemical study of structure and stability of hydride complexes Li4BeH6 and Li4MgH6

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zyubin, A.S.; Charkin, O.P.; Klabo, D.A.; Shlojfer, P.R.

1993-01-01

Nonempirical calculations of geometrical structure, electronic structure and relative energies of a wide range of different configurations of Li 4 MH 6 (M = Be, Mg) molecules were conducted in order to predict the existence of complex hydrides with high hydrogen content. It was revealed, that Li 4 MH 6 molecules were stable to decomposition and could exist in isolated state or in inert matrices. Li 4 MH 6 systems are noted for existence of several isomers with energy, close to the basic structure. The presence of M atoms with coordination number (CN) equal to four is considered to be their common feature. The structure, where CN of Be and Mg is equal to three, are less stable. Configurations, including M atoms with CN = 5 or 6, are much more unfavorable from the viewpoint of energy

The Cytoprotective Effects of E-α-(4-Methoxyphenyl-2',3,4,4'-Tetramethoxychalcone (E-α-p-OMe-C6H4-TMC--A Novel and Non-Cytotoxic HO-1 Inducer.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kai B Kaufmann

Full Text Available Cell protection against different noxious stimuli like oxidative stress or chemical toxins plays a central role in the treatment of many diseases. The inducible heme oxygenase isoform, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1, is known to protect cells against a variety of harmful conditions including apoptosis. Because a number of medium strong electrophiles from a series of α-X-substituted 2',3,4,4'-tetramethoxychalcones (α-X-TMCs, X = H, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, Me, p-NO2-C6H4, Ph, p-OMe-C6H4, NO2, CF3, COOEt, COOH had proven to activate Nrf2 resulting in HO-1 induction and inhibit NF-κB downstream target genes, their protective effect against staurosporine induced apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS production was investigated. RAW264.7 macrophages treated with 19 different chalcones (15 α-X-TMCs, chalcone, 2'-hydroxychalcone, calythropsin and 2'-hydroxy-3,4,4'-trimethoxychalcone prior to staurosporine treatment were analyzed for apoptosis and ROS production, as well as HO-1 protein expression and enzyme activity. Additionally, Nrf2 and NF-κB activity was assessed. We found that amongst all tested chalcones only E-α-(4-methoxyphenyl-2',3,4,4'-tetramethoxychalcone (E-α-p-OMe-C6H4-TMC demonstrated a distinct, statistically significant antiapoptotic effect in a dose dependent manner, showing no toxic effects, while its double bond isomer Z-α-p-OMe-C6H4-TMC displayed no significant activity. Also, E-α-p-OMe-C6H4-TMC induced HO-1 protein expression and increased HO-1 activity, whilst inhibition of HO-1 by SnPP-IX abolished its antiapoptotic effect. The only weakly electrophilic chalcone E-α-p-OMe-C6H4-TMC reduced the staurosporine triggered formation of ROS, while inducing the translocation of Nrf2 into the nucleus. Furthermore, staurosporine induced NF-κB activity was attenuated following E-α-p-OMe-C6H4-TMC treatment. Overall, E-α-p-OMe-C6H4-TMC demonstrated its effective cytoprotective potential via a non-toxic induction of HO-1 in RAW264

The potential of ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) for detection of 2,4,6-trichloroanisole (2,4,6-TCA) in wine.

Science.gov (United States)

Karpas, Zeev; Guamán, Ana V; Calvo, Daniel; Pardo, Antonio; Marco, Santiago

2012-05-15

The off-flavor of "tainted wine" is attributed mainly to the presence of 2,4,6-trichloroanisole (2,4,6-TCA) in the wine. In the present study the atmospheric pressure gas-phase ion chemistry, pertaining to ion mobility spectrometry, of 2,4,6-trichloroanisole was investigated. In positive ion mode the dominant species is a monomer ion with a lower intensity dimer species with reduced mobility values (K(0)) of 1.58 and 1.20 cm(2)V(-1) s(-1), respectively. In negative mode the ion with K(0) =1.64 cm(2)V(-1)s(-1) is ascribed to a trichlorophenoxide species while the ions with K(0) =1.48 and 1.13 cm(2)V(-1)s(-1) are attributed to chloride attachment adducts of a TCA monomer and dimer, respectively. The limit of detection of the system for 2,4,6-TCA dissolved in dichloromethane deposited on a filter paper was 2.1 μg and 1.7 ppm in the gas phase. In ethanol and in wine the limit of detection is higher implying that pre-concentration and pre-separation are required before IMS can be used to monitor the level of TCA in wine. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione-3,4-difluorothiophene Polymer Acceptors for Efficient All-Polymer Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells

KAUST Repository

Liu, Shengjian

2016-09-16

Branched-alkyl-substituted poly(thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione-alt-3,4-difluorothiophene) (PTPD[2F]T) can be used as a polymer acceptor in bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells with a low-band-gap polymer donor (PCE10) commonly used with fullerenes. The

D{sup 6}R{sup 4} amplitudes in various dimensions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pioline, Boris [CERN PH-TH,Case C01600, CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23 (Switzerland); Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 6,UMR 7589, F-75005 Paris (France); Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Hautes Energies, CNRS UMR 7589,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris cedex 05 (France)

2015-04-13

Four-graviton couplings in the low energy effective action of type II string vacua compactified on tori are strongly constrained by supersymmetry and U-duality. While the R{sup 4} and D{sup 4}R{sup 4} couplings are known exactly in terms of Langlands-Eisenstein series of the U-duality group, the D{sup 6}R{sup 4} couplings are not nearly as well understood. Exploiting the coincidence of the U-duality group in D=6 with the T-duality group in D=5, we propose an exact formula for the D{sup 6}R{sup 4} couplings in type II string theory compactified on T{sup 4}, in terms of a genus-two modular integral plus a suitable Eisenstein series. The same modular integral computes the two-loop correction to D{sup 6}R{sup 4} in 5 dimensions, but here provides the non-perturbative completion of the known perturbative terms in D=6. This proposal hinges on a systematic re-analysis of the weak coupling and large radius of the D{sup 6}R{sup 4} in all dimensions D≥3, which fills in some gaps and resolves some inconsistencies in earlier studies.

Multi-generational effects of rice harboring Bph15 on brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Jie; Shang, Keke; Liu, Jia; Jiang, Tingru; Hu, Dingbang; Hua, Hongxia

2014-02-01

The brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, is one of the most devastating rice pests in Asia. Resistant cultivars are an effective way of managing BPH. Bph15 is a BPH resistance gene and has been introgressed into rice variety Minghui 63 (MH63). The multi-generational effects of rice line MH63::15 (harboring Bph15) on BPH were investigated and compared with its parental line MH63. U-test analysis indicated that, over seven generations, the developmental duration of BPH nymphs was significantly prolonged by MH63::15. The results of a two-way analysis indicated that, over seven generations, MH63::15 had significant negative effects on the hatchability, emergence rate, copulation rate, weight of adults and fecundity of BPH, but no significant effects on the survival rate of nymphs or female ratio of BPH. In addition, the development of ovary was significantly retarded by MH63::15, and the expression of oogenesis genes were either down-regulated (three genes) or up-regulated (one genes) by MH63::15 compared with MH63. After being reared continuously on MH63::15 for seven generations, most of the life parameters of BPH were negatively affected by MH63::15, especially fecundity and ovary development. These results indicate that MH63::15 rice has potential for use in the control of BPH. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry.

Differential requirements of CD4(+) T-cell signals for effector cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) priming and functional memory CTL development at higher CD8(+) T-cell precursor frequency.

Science.gov (United States)

Umeshappa, Channakeshava S; Nanjundappa, Roopa H; Xie, Yufeng; Freywald, Andrew; Xu, Qingyong; Xiang, Jim

2013-04-01

Increased CD8(+) T-cell precursor frequency (PF) precludes the requirement of CD4(+) helper T (Th) cells for primary CD8(+) cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses. However, the key questions of whether unhelped CTLs generated at higher PF are functional effectors, and whether unhelped CTLs can differentiate into functional memory cells at higher PF are unclear. In this study, ovalbumin (OVA) -pulsed dendritic cells (DC(OVA)) derived from C57BL/6, CD40 knockout (CD40(-/-)) or CD40 ligand knockout (CD40L(-/-)) mice were used to immunize C57BL/6, Ia(b-/-), CD40(-/-) or CD40L(-/-) mice, whose PF was previously increased with transfer of 1 × 10(6) CD8(+) T cells derived from OVA-specific T-cell receptor (TCR) transgenic OTI, OTI(CD40(-/-)) or OTI(CD40L(-/-)) mice. All the immunized mice were then assessed for effector and memory CTL responses. Following DC immunization, relatively comparable CTL priming occurred without CD4(+) T-cell help and Th-provided CD40/CD40L signalling. In addition, the unhelped CTLs were functional effectors capable of inducing therapeutic immunity against established OVA-expressing tumours. In contrast, the functional memory development of CTLs was severely impaired in the absence of CD4(+) T-cell help and CD40/CD40L signalling. Finally, unhelped memory CTLs failed to protect mice against lethal tumour challenge. Taken together, these results demonstrate that CD4(+) T-cell help at higher PF, is not required for effector CTL priming, but is required for functional memory CTL development against cancer. Our data may impact the development of novel preventive and therapeutic approaches in cancer patients with compromised CD4(+) T-cell functions. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Tadalafil - a therapeutic option in the management of BPH-LUTS.

Science.gov (United States)

Carson, C C; Rosenberg, M; Kissel, J; Wong, D G

2014-01-01

Men with signs of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) may experience lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) such as urinary frequency, urgency, intermittence, nocturia, straining, incomplete emptying or a weak urinary stream. The effective management of LUTS suggestive of BPH (BPH-LUTS) requires careful consideration of several factors, including the severity of a patient's symptoms, concurrent or other coexisting medical conditions, the ability to improve symptoms and impact quality of life (QOL), as well as the potential side effects of available treatment options. Several clinical studies have assessed phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors in reducing LUTS; however, tadalafil is the only PDE5 inhibitor approved for the treatment of signs and symptoms of BPH, as well as in men with both erectile dysfunction (ED) and the signs and symptoms of BPH. This review examined articles that assessed tadalafil in patients with signs and symptoms of BPH, with or without erectile dysfunction (ED), which led to regulatory approval in the United States and Europe. In dose-ranging and confirmatory studies, results demonstrate that tadalafil significantly improved total International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) following 12 weeks of treatment with once daily tadalafil 5 mg. Statistically significant improvements in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Impact Index (BII), IPSS subscores, IPSS QOL and International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) were also observed. Improvement in urinary symptoms occurred regardless of age, previous treatment with an α1 -adrenergic blocker, BPH-LUTS severity at baseline or ED status. While tadalafil is most frequently recognised as a standard treatment option for men with ED, it also represents a well-tolerated and effective treatment option in men with moderate to severe BPH-LUTS. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

[Combination drug therapy in patients with BPH].

Science.gov (United States)

Kuzmenko, A V; Kuzmenko, V V; Gyaurgiev, T A

2018-03-01

Introuction. One of the risk factors for LUTS is an infravesical obstruction, which is most often caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). BPH symptoms are formed due to three components: static (mechanical), dynamic, and impaired functional capacity of the bladder. Medical treatment with 1-blockers decreases the outflow obstruction. 5-alpha reductase inhibitors are used to inhibit the static component of BPH. To investigate the effectiveness of various modifications of medical therapy of BPH using -blockers and 5-reductase inhibitors and combinations thereof. The study comprised 90 BPH patients who were divided into three groups, with each group containing 30 people. Patients of group I, II and III received monotherapy with -blockers, a combination of 5-reductase and -blockers, and fixed-dose combination drug Duodart, respectively. Evaluation of the treatment effectiveness included filling out voiding diaries, completing the I-PSS and QL questionnaires, uroflowmetry, transrectal ultrasonography of the prostate and estimation of the incidence of adverse effects. Also, compliance with the treatment was evaluated, and the number of patients who had episodes of acute urinary retention and required surgical treatment during the 12 month treatment course was registered. Compared to monotherapy, combination therapy with -blockers and 5-reductase inhibitors more effectively reduces the LUTS, increases Qmax and prevents the disease progression, which manifests in a lower incidence of AUR and fewer surgical interventions in groups II and III. However, the combination therapy can be associated with some side effects. Patients who received fixed-dose combination drug Duodart had a greater compliance rate than patients on the combination of drugs, which, in our opinion, is associated with fewer cases of AUR and surgical interventions. The use of Duodart in patients with BPH effectively alleviates LUTS and reduces the risk of the disease progression, which manifests itself

Design and Synthesis of 2-Alkylpyrimidine-4,6-diol and 6-Alkylpyridine-2,4-diol as Potent GPR84 Agonists.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Yang; Zhang, Qing; Chen, Lin-Hai; Yang, Hui; Lu, Wei; Xie, Xin; Nan, Fa-Jun

2016-06-09

A series of alkylpyrimidine-4,6-diol derivatives were designed and synthesized as novel GRP84 agonists based on a high-throughput screening (HTS) hit 1. 6-Nonylpyridine-2,4-diol was identified as the most potent agonist of GPR84 reported so far, with an EC50 of 0.189 nM. These novel GPR84 agonists will provide valuable tools for the study of the physiological functions of GPR84.

Spectroscopy of the 4.6 - 4.7 micron interstellar absorption features

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Geballe, T.R.

1984-01-01

Perhaps the most successful application of spectroscopy to the study of interstellar solid state infrared absorption features has been in the case of the previously unidentified feature near 4.6 μm first seen in absorption toward the protostar W33A. Whereas the original spectrum of this object, obtained at a resolving power of 70, revealed only a single deep absorption feature, a later spectrum, using a single channel grating spectrometer at ten times the resolving power, indicates that it is made up of three separate components. The central narrow absorption feature at 2140 cm -1 (4.67 μm) coincides in wavelength precisely with that of solid CO. It and its unresolved shoulder at just lower frequency have now been seen quite commonly in absorption toward other protostars. The broad absorption seen in W33A at 2165 cm -1 (4.62 μm) is apparently much less common. (author)

Boronic, diboronic, and α-amino-boronic acids derived from 1-ethynyl-3, 4-dimethoxybenzene

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nakagawa, Toshio; Mishima, Yutaka

1985-01-01

This work was undertaken with the intention of synthesizing (α-amino-β-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl) ethylboronic acid. Unfortunately, the goal could not be attained since the isolation of the target compound could not be achieved though some information suggested its existence in the final product. The methods of synthesis used in the second half of the attempted preparation are described here (compounds in the first half have been published elsewhere). In this procedure, (β-(3, 4-dimethoxyphenyl)) ethenylboronic acid is esterified and azeotropic distillation is conducted to provide diethyl (β-(3, 4-dimethoxyphenyl)) ethenylboronate. This compound is dissolved in diglyme and diborane gas is introduced. The hydroboration product is then subjected to amination with hydroxylamine-0-sulfonic acid. (β-(3, 4-dimethoxyphenyl)) ethyl-α, α-diboronic acid is obtained from the residue of acetone extraction. The acetone extract is concentrated to a solid caramel, from which (α-borono-β-(3, 4-dimethoxyphenyl)) ethylammonium tetraphenylborate is formed. Conversion from the tetraphenylborate salt to (α-amino-β-(3, 4-dimethoxyphenyl)) ethylboronic acid hydrochloride is attempted by the double decomposition RH BPh 4 + CsCl -- RH Cl + CsBPh 4 . The product is subjected to demethylation and treated with sodium tetraphenylborate to precipitate (α-borono-β-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl)) ethylammonium tetraphenylborate. Conversion of this to the target compound is tried by double decomposition. (Nogami, K.)

Electrochemical properties of polypyrrole/polyfuran polymer composite electrode

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cha, Seong Keuck

1998-01-01

Poly pyrrole polymer(ppy) has an excellent electrical conductivity and can be easily polymerized on anode to give various morphology according to doped anion on electroactive sites. To improve the properties of brittleness, ageing and hydrophobicity, poly furan polymer(pfu) having a high initiation potential was anodically implanted in this porous ppy film matrix to get the Pt/ppy/pfu(x)type of polymer campsite electrode. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance methods were used to these electrode, where PF 6 - , BF 4 - , and ClO 4 - ions were employed as dopants. The composition of the pfu(x) at the electrode was changed from 0 to 1.10, but the range was useful only at 0.1 to 0.2 as the redox electrode. The polymer composite electrode doped with PF 6 - was better in charge transfer resistance by a factor of 40 times and in double layer capacitance by a factor of 20 times than others. The charge transfer in the polymer film of the electrode was influenced on frequency change and equivalent circuit of this electrode had Warburg impedance including mass transfer

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 1-Chloro-2-methyl-4-nitrobenzene

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jim Simpson

2012-03-01

Full Text Available The title compound (3 was prepared from 4-chloroaniline in good yield on successive oxidation and methylation and its crystal and molecular structure is reported. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P 21/n with unit cell dimensions a = 13.5698(8, b = 3.7195 (3, c = 13.5967 (8 Å, ß = 91.703(3 °, V = 685.96 (10 Å3. The molecule is essentially planar with a dihedral angle of 6.2(3 ° between the nitro group and the phenyl ring. The crystal structure is stabilised by π...π contacts between adjacent benzene rings together with C–H...O hydrogen bonds and close Cl...O contacts.

Aluminum triiodide induced complexation and structural rearrangement of the hexaphospha-pentaprismane cage, P6C4tBu4

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Al-Ktaifani, M. M.

2009-01-01

Treatment of P 6 C 4 t Bu 4 with the Lewis acid AlI 3 in toluene at room temperature unexpectedly results in a structural rearrangement affording the ionic complex [P 6 C 4 t Bu 4 H][AlI 4 ] which was fully characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and a single crystal X-ray diffraction study. Supportive evidence that the reaction might involve a simple intermediate Lewis acid-base adduct [AlI 3 (η 1 -P 6 C 4 t Bu 4 )] came from the isolation on one occasion of small number of crystals of the bis-Al adduct [(AlI)μ-(P 6 C 4 t Bu 4 )(AlI 3 )], whose molecular structure was also confirmed by a single crystal X-ray diffraction study. (author)