Cirurgia por orifícios naturais transcolônica: acesso NOTES peri-retal (PNA para excisão mesoretal total Transcolonic natural orifice surgery: peri-rectal NOTES access (PNA for total mesorectal excision

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Ricardo Zorron

2010-03-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Cirurgia por orifícios naturais tem sido recentemente aplicada em series clínicas para cirurgia abdominal. Apesar de potenciais vantagens do acesso NOTES transcolônico para doenças colorretais, este ainda não havia sido utilizado clinicamente. O presente trabalho descreve a primeira aplicação bem-sucedida de NOTES transcolônico da literatura, em uma nova abordagem de excisão mesoretal total (TME para cancer de reto. MÉTODOS: Foi obtida aprovação de Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa para cirurgias por orifícios naturais, e o paciente assinou termo de consentimento informado. Em um paciente de 54 anos portador de adenocarcinoma de reto, o procedimento de retossigmoidectomia e linfadenectomia, com excisão mesoretal total foi realizada utilizando um acesso posterior transcolônico pouco acima da borda anal. A dissecção mesorretal foi conseguida utilizando um colonoscópio flexível e instrumentos endoscópicos, com assistência laparoscópica. O espécime foi retirado via transanal, e anastomose foi transorificial, com estoma proximal de proteção. RESULTADOS: O tempo operatório foi de 350 min, não ocorrendo complicações operatórias. A evolução pós-operatória foi favorável, e o paciente recebeu alta no sexto dia de pós-operatório com dieta plena. CONCLUSÃO: Este primeiro relato bem sucedido de cirurgia NOTES transcolônica traz potencialmente novas fronteiras de aplicações clínicas na cirurgia minimamente invasiva. O tratamento de doenças colorretais utilizando o novo acesso flexível PNA (Perirectal NOTES Access é uma promissora nova abordagem, paralelamente à laparoscopia e cirurgia aberta, para melhoria do tratamento dos pacientes.OBJECTIVES: Clinical natural orifice surgery has been applied for abdominal surgery in recent years. Despite potential advantages of transcolonic NOTES for colorectal diseases, it was since now not yet clinically applied. The study describes the first successful human

Efeitos da Histerectomia Total Abdominal sobre o Fluxo Sangüíneo Ovariano Effect of Total Abdominal Hysterectomy on Ovarian Blood Supply

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Eliana Aguiar Petri Nahás

2002-06-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: avaliar os efeitos da histerectomia total abdominal (HTA sobre o fluxo sangüíneo ovariano, em mulheres no menacme, por meio da dopplervelocimetria e ultra-sonografia transvaginal. Métodos: estudo prospectivo no qual foram incluídas 61 mulheres, com idade igual ou inferior a 40 anos. As pacientes foram divididas em dois grupos: G1, com 31 pacientes submetidas à HTA, e G2, com 30 mulheres normais não submetidas à cirurgia. Somente foram incluídas pacientes eumenorréicas, ovulatórias, não-obesas ou fumantes, sem cirurgias ou doenças ovarianas prévias. Avaliou-se o fluxo sangüíneo das artérias ovarianas, inicialmente e aos 6 e 12 meses, pelo índice de pulsatilidade (IP na dopplervelocimetria, e o volume ovariano pela ultra-sonografia transvaginal (US. Para análise estatística empregou-se teste t pareado, análise de perfil, teste de Friedman e teste de Mann-Whitney. Resultados: na comparação estatística inicial os grupos foram homogêneos quanto às características epidemiológicas e quanto aos demais parâmetros avaliados neste estudo. Nas pacientes submetidas à histerectomia, observaram-se aos 6 e 12 meses aumento do volume ovariano ao US e diminuição do IP avaliado pela dopplervelocimetria (pPurpose: to evaluate the effect of total abdominal hysterectomy on ovarian blood supply in women in reproductive age, using transvaginal color Doppler. Methods: a prospective study was carried out on 61 40-year-old or younger women. They were divided into two groups: G1, 31 patients submitted to hysterectomy, and G2, 30 normal women. Criteria of inclusion: normal ovarian function at baseline, normal body weight, without expasure to tobacco, no history of laparotomy or ovarian pathology. The pulsatility index (PI of ovarian arteries determined by Doppler and the transvaginal ultrasonographic measurement of the ovarian volume were performed at three moments: baseline, 6 and 12 months. Results: at baseline the groups were

Corpos mutantes, mulheres intrigantes: transexualidade e cirurgia de redesignação sexual

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Rafael Alves Galli

Full Text Available Algumas definições de transexualidade incluem a questão da cirurgia de redesignação sexual como um desejo inerente aos(às transexuais. Este estudo teve por objetivo investigar os significados atribuídos à cirurgia por quatro mulheres transexuais, destacando as concepções a respeito das mudanças que a redesignação acarreta na vida da pessoa transexual. Os dados foram colhidos mediante aplicação individual de entrevista aberta na modalidade história de vida temática. O material transcrito foi organizado sob a forma de estudos de caso e analisado com base na Teoria Queer. Os resultados sugerem que os significados atribuídos à cirurgia são polissêmicos e mutáveis ao longo do processo de desenvolvimento e que o desejo de se submeter ao procedimento não deve ser um critério definidor da transexualidade.

Estudo dos movimentos torcionais em cirurgia refrativa Study of torsional movements in refractive surgery

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Guilherme José Nunes Marques Rocha

2005-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Verificar a ocorrência de movimentos torcionais do globo ocular no momento da cirurgia refrativa em pacientes astigmatas e suas possíveis conseqüências no resultado da cirurgia. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo de 49 olhos de 40 pacientes atendidos no Hospital de Olhos do Paraná, portadores de astigmatismo, e que seriam submetidos à cirurgia refrativa. A técnica cirúrgica utilizada em todos os pacientes foi o LASIK. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos, de acordo com o poder do astigmatismo, que variou no primeiro grupo 0,25 a 2,00D; e no segundo grupo de 2,25 a 6,00D. Todos os pacientes foram examinados para avaliar a ocorrência de torção do globo ocular no momento da cirurgia, e com base nestes dados foi corrigido o eixo do tratamento por meio de programa específico do aparelho de laser. Os resultados dos dois grupos foram analisados e comparados estatisticamente. Os resultados foram relacionados com os dados existentes sobre influência da variação do eixo do tratamento com o resultado da cirurgia. RESULTADOS: Observou-se torção média de 3,5º+/- no grupo A; e de 4,5º+/- no grupo B. Não houve diferença estatística significativa entre os grupos. CONCLUSÕES: Os movimentos torcionais ocorrem de forma significativa em quase todos os pacientes submetidos à cirurgia refrativa e portanto, devem ser sempre corrigidos para se evitar redução na eficiência do tratamento. Isto é especialmente importante nos casos de cirurgia personalizada.PURPOSE: To observe torsional movements of the eye in refractive surgery, and their possible consequences in the surgery outcome. METHODS: In a prospective study, 49 eyes of 40 patients were submitted to surgical correction of astigmatism, by the LASIK technique. Patients were divided in two groups based on the cylindric power. Group A from -0.25 to -2.00D; group B from -2.25 to -6.00D. The occurrence of torsional movements was recorded in all patients, and based on this, the axis

Alcoolismo após cirurgia bariátrica: relato de caso

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Juliana Garbayo dos Santos

Full Text Available RESUMO Objetivo Discutir, a partir do relato de um caso de alcoolismo iniciado após tratamento cirúrgico de obesidade mórbida, a hipótese da “transferência de compulsão”. Segundo essa teoria, obesos submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica tendem a transferir sua “compulsão” dos alimentos para o álcool ou outras drogas, aumentando o risco de desenvolvimento de transtornos relacionados a substâncias. Evidências de que a alimentação hedônica (caracterizada pelo consumo exagerado de alimentos palatáveis na ausência de fome é regulada pelos mesmos sistemas cerebrais envolvidos no alcoolismo, aliadas a relatos anedóticos de alcoolismo após cirurgia bariátrica, alimentam essa hipótese. Métodos Relato de caso individual. O paciente concordou com a publicação do relato de caso e assinou um Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. Resultados Homem de 25 anos, sem histórico prévio de abuso de álcool, evoluiu com alcoolismo grave quatro anos após a cirurgia bariátrica. Havia antecedentes familiares de transtornos relacionados a substâncias. Conclusão A cirurgia bariátrica (particularmente com derivação em Y de Roux pode alterar o metabolismo do etanol e implicar mudanças no estilo de vida e no nível de estresse. Somados, esses fatores podem contribuir para o surgimento de padrões nocivos de consumo de álcool; entretanto, é incontestável que a correção da obesidade traz enormes benefícios para as diversas áreas da vida do paciente. A detecção de fatores de risco para abuso e dependência alcoólica, como história familiar positiva, é essencial para identificar pacientes que necessitarão maior aconselhamento pré-operatório e seguimento pós-operatório cuidadoso.

O SENTIMENTO DO PACIENTE FRENTE AO CANCELAMENTO DA CIRURGIA

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Fernanda Aparecida Silva

2017-02-01

Full Text Available O paciente, frente ao cancelamento da cirurgia, pode apresentar sentimentos: tristeza, agressividade, revolta, e perder a confiança da equipe cirúrgica. Objetivo: Identificar o sentimento do paciente internado frente ao cancelamento de sua cirurgia. Método: Pesquisa descritiva e quali-quantitativa. A coleta de dados ocorreu após aprovação do Comitê de Ética sob o n0 45/11, com 20 pacientes internados em um hospital do vale do Paraíba paulista. Resultados: Predominou:80% do sexo masculino, 30% de 51 a 60 anos. Principal causa cancelamento: 35% material, 10% vaga na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI, e 55% médicos, exames, vaga no centro cirúrgico ou infecção. Os sentimentos foram agrupados em quatro categorias: tristeza; estresse; conformismo e sentimentos variados.Conclusão: O perfil predominante dos pacientes foi de homens, entre 51 a 60 anos. A principal causa do cancelamento foi a falta de material; o sentimento de maior destaque foi a tristeza.

O Ensino da Cirurgia Plástica na Graduação em Medicina no Contexto da Realidade Brasileira

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Julio Wilson Fernandes

Full Text Available RESUMO Apesar do grande número de cirurgiões plásticos no Brasil, o formando egresso/médico generalista necessita conhecimentos de Cirurgia Plástica que possibilitem sua adequada atuação em situações de emergência ou eletivas, referindo pacientes ou proporcionando proteção e suporte básico da vida. Esta educação deve ainda considerar o ambiente socioeconômico brasileiro, suas necessidades e limitações na escolha das atitudes, habilidades e conhecimentos em Cirurgia Plástica que o aluno deve absorver na escola médica. O ensino da Cirurgia Plástica na graduação requer esta ótica particular, além de levar ao estudante de Medicina o espectro integral da especialidade, estimulando vocações para a adequada residência médica e posterior titulação como especialista. Este artigo apresenta o programa de Cirurgia Plástica e a metodologia de ensino que vêm sendo oferecidos aos alunos do curso de Medicina da Universidade Positivo, em Curitiba, há dez anos, por meio da integração das disciplinas Clínica Cirúrgica II e Cirurgia Ambulatorial. As avaliações institucionais discentes, relatos pedagógicos de situações extracurriculares vivenciadas por alunos e a existência de cinco especialistas/residentes em Cirurgia Plástica entre 265 ex-alunos inicialmente formados sugerem uma produtiva funcionalidade do programa apresentado.

Estudo retrospectivo de um grupo de doentes submetidos a cirurgia bariátrica

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Santos, Mariline

2012-01-01

Trabalho final do 6º ano médico (Medicina interna - Nutrição clínica), com vista à atribuição do Grau de Mestre no âmbito do ciclo de estudos de mestrado integrado em Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra Objectivo: Estudar retrospectivamente uma população de doentes obesos submetidos a cirurgia bariátrica. Avaliar as técnicas cirúrgicas usadas e respectivas complicações assim como avaliar a eficácia da cirurgia bariátrica a longo prazo não só como terapêutica de obesidade como também das co...

Grupo de pacientes de cirurgia cardíaca: relato de experiência

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Elisa Helena Kuhn

1986-09-01

Full Text Available Neste trabalho relata-se uma experiência de grupo com pacientes de cirurgia cardíaca. A atividade realiza-se no INSTITUTO DE CARDIOLOGIA DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL e tem por objetivo proporcionar aos pacientes a oportunidade de verbalizarem suas ansiedades e conversarem sobre suas experiências relacionadas com a cirurgia e anestesia. Os grupos reúnem-se duas vezes por semana sendo constituídos por pacientes adultos em pré e pós-operatório imediato. A equipe de saúde é composta por enfermeiros, psicólogo, anestesista, cardiologistas e fisioterapeutas e sua atuação é no sentido de auxiliar na compreensão dos procedimentos aos quais o paciente vai se submeter, desfazendo fantasias distorcidas da realidade.

O custo médio direto do material utilizado em cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio

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Bittar Eliana

2003-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Verificar o custo médio direto do material usado em cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio e comparar o custo médio encontrado segundo o número de pontes de safena realizadas. MÉTODOS: Como referencial teórico para apuração dos custos utilizou-se o sistema de custeio de absorção por produto/procedimento. A pesquisa, do tipo descritiva, foi realizada no centro cirúrgico de um hospital especializado em cardiologia, no município de São Paulo. A amostra foi conformada por 104 cirurgias de revascularização do miocárdio. RESULTADOS: O levantamento do consumo possibilitou aferição do custo médio direto de material usado em cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio que resultou em R$2.718,78. CONCLUSÕES: Houve uma variação de custos do material, em relação ao número de pontes de safena realizadas, havendo uma diferença significativa entre as cirurgias de 1, 2 e 3 pontes, o que não ocorreu entre as cirurgias de 3, 4 e 5 pontes. O custo médio direto das cirurgias foi: 1 ponte (R$2.207,71, 2 pontes (R$2.554,61, 3 pontes (R$2.768.94, 4 pontes (R$2.848,65 e 5 pontes (R$2.884,13. Os itens de material de perfusão (R$1.051,24, fios cirúrgicos (R$829,98 e material de consumo (R$442,40 foram os que apresentaram o maior custo médio.

Conhecimento em cirurgia refrativa entre estudantes de medicina da Universidade Estadual de Londrina

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Aluisio Rosa Gameiro Filho

2013-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar o conhecimento de estudantes de Medicina da Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL, em cirurgia refrativa, assim como analisar o percentual de estudantes que são portadores de ametropias, seus métodos de correção e seu interesse ou não na realização do procedimento cirúrgico. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se um levantamento através de questionário autoaplicável, previamente testado, entre 154 estudantes do primeiro ao quarto ano de Medicina da Universidade Estadual de Londrina entre setembro e novembro de 2011. RESULTADOS: Foi relatado que 70,8% dos estudantes possuíam algum tipo de erro de refração, sendo a miopia o erro mais prevalente, com 72,5% dos estudantes amétropes apresentando-a, associada ou não a outros erros de refração. Os óculos foram o método de correção visual referido como o mais utilizado, por 80% dos pesquisados. Quanto à cirurgia refrativa, 85,7% dos estudantes já haviam ouvido falar a respeito, porém, apenas 42,9% sabiam como o procedimento é realizado, sendo o oftamologista a principal fonte de informação sobre o tema, para 23,5% dos alunos. Apenas 43,2% dos alunos têm interesse na realização da cirurgia, e apenas 3 (1,9% estudantes já foram submetidos ao procedimento. CONCLUSÃO: Apesar da importância da cirurgia refrativa na Oftalmologia verificou-se baixo conhecimento acerca do tema entre os estudantes, o que afeta o interesse dos mesmos em serem submetidos ao procedimento. Observou-se também uma taxa relativamente alta de falsa expectativa quanto ao seu resultado, principalmente entre os estudantes que querem ser submetidos ao procedimento, provavelmente pelas fontes pouco confiáveis alegadas pelos estudantes. Considerando o fato de que se tratam de futuros médicos, fica clara a necessidade de maiores esclarecimentos sobre o tema na graduação.

Variações no posicionamento dos eixos visuais em pacientes submetidos a cirurgias de estrabismo

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Graciela Scalco Brum

2011-02-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Determinar as variações no ângulo de posicionamento ocular pós-operatório em pacientes submetidos a cirurgias para correção de estrabismo e identificar possíveis fatores de risco associados a tal ocorrência. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado estudo retrospectivo de 819 pacientes portadores de estrabismo submetidos à cirurgia para correção do desvio ocular entre janeiro de 1995 e dezembro de 2005 no Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo. Os pacientes foram divididos em quatro grupos quanto ao tipo de desvio pré-operatório (esotropia alternante, esotropia monocular, exotropia alternante e exotropia monocular e as variações no posicionamento ocular foram quantificadas em cada grupo. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de variações no posicionamento ocular (pós-operatório maiores que 10∆ entre o total de pacientes estudado foi de 33,5% (274 pacientes. Entre estes, foi verificada maior frequência de desvios no sentido exotrópico (178 pacientes ou 65,0% do que no sentido esotrópico (96 pacientes ou 35,0%, diferença esta que foi estatisticamente significativa (teste do qui-quadrado; p<0,001. CONCLUSÕES: Instabilidade no posicionamento ocular pode ocorrer ao longo do tempo em pacientes submetidos a cirurgias de estrabismo. Tal ocorrência reforça a necessidade do desenvolvimento de alternativas terapêuticas a fim de proporcionar maior estabilidade ao sistema oculomotor no pós-operatório de cirurgias de estrabismo.

Vivência da obesidade e do emagrecimento em mulheres submetidas à cirurgia bariátrica

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Carlos Alberto Domingues do Nascimento

2013-06-01

Full Text Available O presente estudo objetivou investigar em mulheres submetidas à cirurgia bariátrica os aspectos psicológicos relacionados à sua condição de obesa e ao seu emagrecimento. O método utilizado foi o descritivoexploratório, de abordagem qualitativa. Os dados permitiram, inicialmente, constatar que a obesidade, além de comprometer a saúde física, restringe a vida afetiva e social, pois impõe um autoconceito negativo e inibidor dos vínculos interpessoais. Com o processo de emagrecimento após a cirurgia, observa-se uma acentuada melhora das condições físicas e emocionais, as quais influenciam e são influenciadas pela reformulação positiva do autoconceito. Todavia, o emagrecimento tanto pode acarretar demandas estéticas irrealizáveis como certas vivências de despersonalização, as quais favorecem a desadaptação emocional ou a ocorrência de transtornos psíquicos. Pelas mudanças identitárias que acarreta, a cirurgia exige, preventivamente, o acompanhamento e o apoio psicológico às mulheres que a realizam.

Fibrilação atrial no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca: quem deve receber quimioprofilaxia?

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Glaucylara Reis Geovanini

2009-04-01

Full Text Available Avaliar fatores de risco arritmogênicos associados à maior incidência de fibrilação atrial (FA no pós-operatório (PO de cirurgia cardíaca (revascularização miocárdica e/ou cirurgia valvar, com o intuito de selecionar os mais propensos ao desenvolvimento dessa arritmia para possível quimioprofilaxia. Avaliarem-se 66 pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca eletiva. Correlacionaram-se os principais fatores de risco (idade avançada, doença valvar (DV, aumento atrial esquerdo (AE, disfunção ventricular (DVE, distúrbio eletrolítico (DHE, cirurgia cardíaca prévia (CCP, uso prévio e suspensão de betabloqueador (B-Bloq e/ou digital 24 horas antes da cirurgia para o desenvolvimento de FA no PO. A incidência de FA foi elevada (47% em nossa casuística e mais freqüente no primeiro dia de PO. Dos pacientes pesquisados, 64% eram do sexo masculino com idade média de 62 anos. Entre os pacientes com dois ou menos fatores de risco para FA, apenas 24% desenvolveram a arritmia, enquanto a presença de três ou mais desses fatores esteve associada à sua maior incidência no PO (69%, (p = 0,04. Em ordem de maior freqüência, idade > 65 anos (em 58% dos pacientes foi o fator de risco mais prevalente, seguido de aumento do AE em 45% (p = 0,001 e DV em 38% (p = 0,02. A presença de três ou mais fatores de risco aumenta consideravelmente a incidência dessa arritmia no PO de cirurgia cardíaca. Entre os principais fatores, destacaram-se idade avançada, aumento do AE e doença valvar.

Uso de painel de artigos cientificos no ensino da cirurgia ambulatorial

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Kátia Sheylla Malta Purim

Full Text Available Os autores apresentam sua abordagem do trabalho de seleção, avaliação clínica e revistas como uma ferramenta auxiliar para o ensino médico em cirurgia. O modelo de painel é descrito e discutido, como uma forma eficaz de melhorar o processo de aprendizagem em uma escola de medicina.

Fatores de risco para complicações perioperatórias em cirurgias endoscópicas com irrigação

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João Manoel Silva Jr

2013-08-01

Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A medicina endoscópica está cada vez mais sendo usada atualmente, porém não é isenta de riscos. Portanto, este estudo avaliou os fatores associados com complicações perioperatórias em cirurgias endoscópicas com irrigação intraoperatória. MÉTODO: Estudo de coorte durante seis meses. Foram incluídos pacientes com > 18 anos, submetidos a cirurgias endoscópicas que usariam fluidos de irrigação no intraoperatório. Pacientes em uso de diuréticos, com insuficiência renal, distúrbios cognitivos, hiponatremia prévia a cirurgia, gestantes e moribundos foram excluídos. Foram alocados em dois grupos os pacientes que apresentaram complicações ou não no período perioperatório. As complicações avaliadas estavam relacionadas a alterações neurológicas, cardiovasculares, renais e sangramentos no perioperatório. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 181 pacientes e 39 excluídos, portanto 142 preencheram os critérios. Apresentaram complicações 21,8% dos pacientes, com maior ocorrência em cirurgias endoscópicas de próstata, seguidas de histeroscopias, bexiga, artroscopia de joelho e ombro, respectivamente 58,1%, 36,9%, 19,4%, 3,8% e 3,2%. Comparando os grupos, apresentaram associação com complicações na análise univariada; idade, sexo, tabagismo, cardiopatia, ASA, sódio sérico no fim da cirurgia, total de fluido de irrigação administrado, ressecção transuretral de próstata, histeroscopia. Entretanto, apenas idade (OR = 1,048, sódio sérico (OR = 0,962 e volume de fluido de irrigação administrado no intraoperatório (OR = 1,001 foram variáveis independentes para complicações na regressão múltipla. CONCLUSÃO: Graves complicações em cirurgias endoscópicas têm grande ocorrência. O sódio sérico no fim da operação, a quantidade de fluido de irrigação e a idade foram fortes fatores independentes associados ao problema. Dessa forma, tais fatores devem ser levados em considera

Correlação entre dados demográficos, nutricionais e bioquímicos e consumo de serviços hospitalares em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia da obesidade

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Silvia Yoko Hayashi

2011-01-01

Em decorrência do sucesso da cirurgia bariátrica para o tratamento da obesidade grau III e de suas comorbidades associadas, esta cirurgia vem se tornado cada vez mais indicada. A redução do consumo de cuidados com a saúde tem sido relatada após o tratamento cirúrgico, entretanto a utilização de serviços hospitalares não tem sido bem documentada. O conhecimento do consumo destes serviços na cirurgia bariátrica é importante para dimensionar serviços de saúde e custos resultantes desta cirurgia....

Reasons not to select patients for corneal refractive surgery Razões para recusar candidatos à cirurgia refrativa corneana

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André Luiz Parolin Ribeiro

2002-08-01

Full Text Available Purpose: To present how the section of Refractive Surgery of the Federal University of São Paulo assesses the candidates and the reasons to indicate for corneal refractive surgery. Methods: We examined 1626 patients. Anamnesis, complete ophthalmologic examination and corneal topography were performed in all patients. The patients spontaneously seeked evaluation at the Refractive Surgery Section by telephone without a previous screening. Reasons to refuse patients for refractive surgery were previously established by the Refractive Surgery Section. Results: Based on current technology and clinical experience, 265 patients (16.29% were refused for excimer laser corneal refractive surgery. Myopia of patients who had insufficient preoperative corneal pachymetry for the laser treatment was the main cause for refusal (51 patients. Cataract (45 patients, keratoconus (31 patients, amblyopia (21 patients, hyperopia > 5 diopters and mixed astigmatism (19 patients, presbyopia (unaware ness of the need for optical correction after the procedure; 16 patients, pupillary diameter > 5mm (9 patients, single eye (9 patients, progressive myopia (8 patients, postradial keratotomy (7 patients and low ametropia (7 patients were among the reasons for the refusal. Conclusion: Candidates for excimer laser corneal refractive surgery may present risk factors that should be known in order to avoid complications.Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo é mostrar como o setor de Cirurgia Refrativa da Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo avalia seus candidatos e quais as razões para não selecioná-los para cirurgia refrativa. Métodos: Foram examinados 1626 pacientes. Anamnese, avaliação oftalmológica completa e topografia corneana foram realizadas em todos os pacientes. Os pacientes procuraram avaliação no setor de Cirurgia Refrativa espontaneamente sem triagem prévia. Resultados: Não foram selecionados 265 pacientes (16,29% para cirurgia

Comparative study of abdominal cavity temporary closure techniques for damage control.

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Ribeiro, Marcelo A F; Barros, Emily Alves; Carvalho, Sabrina Marques DE; Nascimento, Vinicius Pereira; Cruvinel, José; Fonseca, Alexandre Zanchenko

2016-01-01

The damage control surgery, with emphasis on laparostomy, usually results in shrinkage of the aponeurosis and loss of the ability to close the abdominal wall, leading to the formation of ventral incisional hernias. Currently, various techniques offer greater chances of closing the abdominal cavity with less tension. Thus, this study aims to evaluate three temporary closure techniques of the abdominal cavity: the Vacuum-Assisted Closure Therapy - VAC, the Bogotá Bag and the Vacuum-pack. We conducted a systematic review of the literature, selecting 28 articles published in the last 20 years. The techniques of the bag Bogotá and Vacuum-pack had the advantage of easy access to the material in most centers and low cost, contrary to VAC, which, besides presenting high cost, is not available in most hospitals. On the other hand, the VAC technique was more effective in reducing stress at the edges of lesions, removing stagnant fluids and waste, in addition to acting at the cellular level by increasing proliferation and cell division rates, and showed the highest rates of primary closure of the abdominal cavity. RESUMO A cirurgia de controle de danos, com ênfase em peritoneostomia, geralmente resulta em retração da aponeurose e perda da capacidade de fechar a parede abdominal, levando à formação de hérnias ventrais incisionais. Atualmente, várias técnicas oferecem maiores chances de fechamento da cavidade abdominal, com menor tensão. Deste modo, este estudo tem por objetivo avaliar três técnicas de fechamento temporário da cavidade abdominal: fechamento a vácuo (Vacuum-Assisted Closure Therapy - VAC), Bolsa de Bogotá e Vacuum-pack. Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática da literatura com seleção de 28 artigos publicados nos últimos 20 anos. As técnicas de Bolsa de Bogotá e Vacuum-pack tiveram como vantagem o acesso fácil ao material, na maioria dos centros, e baixo custo, ao contrário do que se observa na terapia a vácuo, VAC, que além de apresentar

Fatores de morbimortalidade na cirurgia eletiva do aneurisma da aorta abdominal infra-renal: experiência de 134 casos Morbidity and mortality factors in the elective surgery of infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm: a case study with 134 patients

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Aquiles Tadashi Ywata de Carvalho

2008-09-01

Full Text Available CONTEXTO: O tratamento cirúrgico convencional do aneurisma da aorta abdominal (AAA infra-renal pode resultar em complicações graves. A fim de otimizar os resultados na evolução do tratamento, é importante que sejam identificados os pacientes predispostos a determinadas complicações e instituídas condutas preventivas. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a taxa de mortalidade operatória precoce, analisar as complicações pós-operatórias e identificar os fatores de risco relacionados com a morbimortalidade. MÉTODO: Foram analisados 134 pacientes com AAA infra-renal submetidos a correção cirúrgica eletiva no período de fevereiro de 2001 a dezembro de 2005. RESULTADOS: A taxa de mortalidade foi de 5,2%, sendo secundária principalmente a infarto agudo de miocárdio (IAM e isquemia mesentérica. As complicações cardíacas foram as mais freqüentes, seguidas das pulmonares e renais. A presença de diabetes melito (DM, insuficiência cardíaca congestiva (ICC, insuficiência coronariana (ICO e cintilografia miocárdica positiva para isquemia estiveram associadas às complicações cardíacas. A idade avançada, a doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC e a capacidade vital forçada reduzida aumentaram os riscos de atelectasia e pneumonia. História de nefropatia, tempo de pinçamento aórtico prolongado e níveis de uréia elevados aumentaram os riscos de insuficiência respiratória aguda (IRA. A isquemia dos membros inferiores esteve associada ao tabagismo e à idade avançada, e a maior taxa de mortalidade, à presença de coronariopatia, tempos prolongados de pinçamento aórtico e de cirurgia. CONCLUSÃO: A taxa de morbimortalidade esteve compatível com a literatura nacional e internacional, sendo secundária às complicações cardíacas, respiratórias e renais. Os fatores de risco identificados no pré e transoperatório estiveram relacionados com essas complicações.BACKGROUND: Conventional surgical treatment of infrarenal abdominal

Fatores de risco para mortalidade em octogenários submetidos a cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica

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Isaac Newton Guimarães

2011-02-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: Idade maior a 80 anos não é, por si só, o único fator de risco para a mortalidade em revascularização miocárdica. OBJETIVO: Identificar fatores de risco para a mortalidade em pacientes octogenários submetidos a revascularização miocárdica. MÉTODOS: Estudamos 164 pacientes, com idade igual ou maior a 80 anos. As variáveis estudadas foram: sexo, idade (em anos, fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo (FEVE, reoperação, cirurgia de emergência, número de artérias revascularizadas, uso da artéria torácica interna esquerda (ATIE, uso de circulação extracorpórea (CEC, cirurgia associada, revascularização da artéria interventricular anterior (AIVA e uso de balão intra-aórtico (BIA. A análise estatística foi feita por meio de análises descritiva, univariada e multivariada por regressão logística. Foram considerados significância estatística os valores de p < 0,05, e a análise multivariada foi realizada com variáveis cujo valor era p < 0,20. RESULTADOS: A mortalidade foi de 11%. Na análise univariada, evidenciou-se que baixa FEVE (p = 0,008, cirurgia de emergência (p < 0,001 e uso de balão intra-aórtico (p = 0,049 relacionaram-se à maior chance de mortalidade. Ao ajustar pela regressão logística, revelou-se que a idade acima de 85 anos correlacionou-se com uma chance de mortalidade 6,31 vezes maior (p = 0,012 e que a cirurgia de emergência esteve relacionada a uma chance de mortalidade 55,39 vezes maior (p < 0,001. CONCLUSÃO: Em octogenários submetidos a cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica, idade superior a 85 anos e cirurgia de emergência são fatores preditivos importantes de maior mortalidade.

Qualidade de vida em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia ortognática: saúde bucal e autoestima

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Rubens Guimarães Filho

Full Text Available A cirurgia ortognática é o ramo da cirurgia bucomaxilofacial que trata das deformidades dentofaciais, buscando a correção da oclusão e melhora articular, respiratória e fonética, que geram benefícios funcionais e harmonizam a face, o que acarreta aspectos positivos em relação à estética e ao fator psicossocial do paciente. Objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade de vida desses pacientes, através dos aspectos funcionais, estéticos e psicossociais. O presente estudo foi realizado em clínica odontológica particular, na cidade de Taubaté. Foram avaliados 33 pacientes, 12 do gênero masculino e 21 do gênero feminino, com idades entre 18 a 45 anos, com tratamento ortocirúrgico indicado ou já realizado, utilizando-se os questionários Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg/UNIFESP-EPM, Oral Health Impact Profile-14 - OHIP14 e PIDAQ-Brasil/UNIFESP e o Teste não Paramétrico de Mann-Whitney. Os resultados evidenciaram que a cirurgia ortognática é um procedimento capaz de oferecer melhora da qualidade de vida para pacientes portadores de deformidades dentofaciais, por meio dos aspectos funcionais, estéticos e psicossociais.

Tuberculosis abdominal Abdominal tuberculosis

OpenAIRE

T. Rubio; M. T. Gaztelu; A. Calvo; M. Repiso; H. Sarasíbar; F. Jiménez Bermejo; A. Martínez Echeverría

2005-01-01

La tuberculosis abdominal cursa con un cuadro inespecífico, con difícil diagnóstico diferencial respecto a otras entidades de similar semiología. Presentamos el caso de un varón que ingresa por presentar dolor abdominal, pérdida progresiva y notoria de peso corporal y fiebre de dos meses de evolución. El cultivo de la biopsia de colon mostró presencia de bacilo de Koch.Abdominal tuberculosis develops according to a non-specific clinical picture, with a difficult differential diagnosis with re...

Sphincter-saving extrasphincteric rectal dissection and proximal segmental sphincteric excision techniques by using combined abdominal and transvaginal anterior perineal access in female patients who have lower rectal cancer (Transvaginal low anterior rectal resection

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Ali Naki Yücesoy

2017-10-01

combinação com o acesso abdominal, em quatro pacientes mulheres portadoras de câncer de reto baixo. Resultados: Realizamos técnicas de dissecção extra-esfincteriana e de excisão esfincteriana segmental proximal com preservação de esfíncter em quatro pacientes operadas com uma combinação de abordagens abdominal e perineal anterior transvaginal. Todas as pacientes estavam continentes. Em uma paciente, houve necessidade de conversão para amputação retal abdominoperineal, por ter sido detectada, no pós-operatório, positividade na margem de ressecção distal. Conclusão: O acesso perineal anterior transvaginal torna possível a dissecção retal extra-esfincteriana na fossa isquioanal. Portanto, as abordagens combinadas abdominal e perineal anterior transvaginal se baseiam em diferentes características anatômicas e cirúrgicas, em comparação com a técnica de dissecção interesfincteriana, que é o procedimento cirúrgico de uso mais comum na cirurgia para câncer de reto baixo. Keywords: Lower rectal cancer, Sphincter-saving surgery, Combined abdominal and perineal approach, Palavras-chave: Câncer de reto baixo, Cirurgia com preservação de esfíncter, Abordagem abdominal e perineal combinada

Vivencias emocionais de mulheres submetidas a cirurgia bariatrica no Hospital de Clinicas da Unicamp : um estudo clinico-qualitativo

OpenAIRE

Ronis Magdaleno Junior

2009-01-01

Resumo: Este estudo teve por objetivo compreender as vivências emocionais de mulheres obesas mórbidas submetidas à cirurgia bariátrica. A obesidade tornou-se, globalmente, um grave problema de saúde pública e, em função disto, tem crescido de modo expressivo o número de cirurgias bariátricas como opção de tratamento para a obesidade mórbida. Contudo, é um procedimento que implica em importantes modificações físicas e psicossociais para o paciente. Metodologia: Aplicamos o Método Clínico Quali...

Precisão do posicionamento maxilar em cirurgias bimaxilares utilizando sequência cirúrgica convencional e sequência invertida

OpenAIRE

Fabio Gambôa Ritto

2012-01-01

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a precisão do posicionamento maxilar em cirurgias ortognáticas bimaxilares utilizando sequência cirúrgica convencional e sequência invertida, isto é, quando a mandíbula foi osteotomizada e fixada antes da maxila. Neste estudo retrospectivo, 80 telerradiografias obtidas em norma lateral de pacientes submeditos à cirurgia ortognática foram analisadas, sendo 40 obtidas no período pré-operatório e 40 no pós-operatório. A amostra foi dividida em 2 grup...

Staged abdominal re-operation for abdominal trauma.

Science.gov (United States)

Taviloglu, Korhan

2003-07-01

To review the current developments in staged abdominal re-operation for abdominal trauma. To overview the steps of damage control laparotomy. The ever increasing importance of the resuscitation phase with current intensive care unit (ICU) support techniques should be emphasized. General surgeons should be familiar to staged abdominal re-operation for abdominal trauma and collaborate with ICU teams, interventional radiologists and several other specialties to overcome this entity.

Endometriose umbilical sem cirurgia pélvica prévia Umbilical endometriosis without previous pelvic surgery

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Bruno Ramalho de Carvalho

2008-04-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: apresentar série de casos de endometriose na cicatriz umbilical, em pacientes no menacme, sem cirurgias pélvicas prévias. MÉTODOS: foram incluídas no estudo quatro pacientes com idade entre 33 e 43 anos, com queixa de sangramento umbilical associado ou não a dor pélvica, com evolução de dois meses a quatro anos. A ultra-sonografia da parede abdominal foi utilizada para o diagnóstico, procedendo-se à exérese cirúrgica das lesões sugestivas de endometriose umbilical e confirmação anatomopatológica. RESULTADOS: as avaliações ultra-sonográficas das quatro pacientes evidenciaram imagens umbilicais hipoecogênicas compatíveis com a hipótese diagnóstica de endometriose e, assim, todas elas foram encaminhadas para exérese cirúrgica da lesão. A dosagem do marcador sérico CA-125 foi realizada em três das quatro pacientes, com níveis dentro da normalidade, variando de 6,8 a 10,1 U/mL. A concomitância de endometriose pélvica apenas foi confirmada em uma paciente. Durante o seguimento de um ano, as pacientes não apresentaram recidiva dos sintomas nem das lesões. CONCLUSÕES: a endometriose umbilical é uma entidade nosológica rara, mas que deve ser sempre lembrada quando da presença de nodulações ou sangramento umbilicais, ainda que não exista relato de cirurgia pélvica prévia com manipulação endometrial. Seu tratamento cirúrgico é, em geral, suficiente para a remissão total da lesão e dos sintomas.PURPOSE: to present a series of cases of umbilical endometriosis in patients in reproductive age, with no previous pelvic surgery. METHODS: four patients aged between 33 and 43 years were included in the study. They all presented umbilical bleeding associated or not with pelvic pain, and medical history varied from two months to four years. Abdominal wall ultrasound was performed for diagnosis support before surgical excision of the umbilical lesions, and histological examination was also performed. RESULTS

Abdominal Tuberculosis Mimicking Intra-abdominal Malignancy: A ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

TNHJOURNALPH

BACKGROUND. Abdominal TB usually presents with nonspecific findings and may thus m.,mw a multitude of gastrointestinal disorders. Abdominal tuberculosis may therefore present as large and palpable intra-abdominal masses usually arising from lymphadenopathy which may mimic lymphomas and other malignancies.

Abdominal tuberculosis mimicking intra-abdominal malignancy: A ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Background: Abdominal TB usually presents with nonspecific findings and may thus mimic a multitude of gastrointestinal disorders. Abdominal tuberculosis may therefore present as large and palpable intra-abdominal masses usually arising from lymphadenopathy which may mimic lymphomas and other malignancies.

Nontraumatic abdominal emergencies: acute abdominal pain: diagnostic strategies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Marincek, B.

2002-01-01

Common causes of acute abdominal pain include appendicitis, cholecystitis, bowel obstruction, urinary colic, perforated peptic ulcer, pancreatitis, diverticulitis, and nonspecific, nonsurgical abdominal pain. The topographic classification of acute abdominal pain (pain in one of the four abdominal quadrants, diffuse abdominal pain, flank or epigastric pain) facilitates the choice of the imaging technique. The initial radiological evaluation often consists of plain abdominal radiography, despite significant diagnostic limitations. The traditional indications for plain films - bowel obstruction, pneumoperitoneum, and the search of ureteral calculi - are questioned by helical computed tomography (CT). Although ultrasonography (US) is in many centers the modality of choice for imaging the gallbladder and the pelvis in children and women of reproductive age, CT is considered to be one of the most valued tools for triaging patients with acute abdominal pain. CT is particularly beneficial in patients with marked obesity, unclear US findings, bowel obstruction, and multiple lesions. The introduction of multidetector row CT (MDCT) has further enhanced the utility of CT in imaging patients with acute abdominal pain. (orig.)

Nontraumatic abdominal emergencies: acute abdominal pain: diagnostic strategies

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Marincek, B. [Institute of Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich (Switzerland)

2002-09-01

Common causes of acute abdominal pain include appendicitis, cholecystitis, bowel obstruction, urinary colic, perforated peptic ulcer, pancreatitis, diverticulitis, and nonspecific, nonsurgical abdominal pain. The topographic classification of acute abdominal pain (pain in one of the four abdominal quadrants, diffuse abdominal pain, flank or epigastric pain) facilitates the choice of the imaging technique. The initial radiological evaluation often consists of plain abdominal radiography, despite significant diagnostic limitations. The traditional indications for plain films - bowel obstruction, pneumoperitoneum, and the search of ureteral calculi - are questioned by helical computed tomography (CT). Although ultrasonography (US) is in many centers the modality of choice for imaging the gallbladder and the pelvis in children and women of reproductive age, CT is considered to be one of the most valued tools for triaging patients with acute abdominal pain. CT is particularly beneficial in patients with marked obesity, unclear US findings, bowel obstruction, and multiple lesions. The introduction of multidetector row CT (MDCT) has further enhanced the utility of CT in imaging patients with acute abdominal pain. (orig.)

Fechamento sequencial da parede abdominal com tração fascial contínua (mediada por tela ou sutura e terapia a vácuo

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Fernando Ferreira

Full Text Available Na última década multiplicaram-se as publicações e a utilização da cirurgia de controle de danos, resultando num número crescente de pacientes deixados com o abdome aberto (ou peritoneostomia. Uma das consequências nefastas do abdome aberto são as hérnias ventrais gigantes que resultam da impossibilidade de se fechar o abdome durante a internação hospitalar do paciente. Para minimizar esta sequela têm surgido na literatura diferentes tipos de abordagem. Para abordar este tópico, a reunião de revista "Telemedicina Baseada em Evidência - Cirurgia do Trauma e Emergência" (TBE-CiTE optou por não analisar sistemas comerciais de fechamento abdominal dinâmico, com exceção da terapia de pressão negativa ou vácuo. O grupo fez uma avaliação crítica dirigida de três artigos mais relevantes publicados recentemente sobre fechamento sequencial da parede abdominal (com tela ou sutura mais vácuo. Nesta avaliação foram incluídos dois estudos retrospectivos mais um estudo prospectivo. Baseados na análise crítica desses 3 estudos mais a discussão que contou com a participação de representantes de 6 Universidades e realizada via telemedicina, são feitas as seguintes recomendações: (1 a associação de terapia de pressão negativa com tração fascial constante mediada por tela ou sutura, ajustada periodicamente, parece ser uma ótima estratégia cirúrgica para o tratamento de peritoneostomias. (2 O fechamento abdominal primário dinâmico com sutura e mediada por tela parece ser mais econômico e eficiente do que deixar o paciente com uma hérnia gigante e planejar uma reconstrução complexa tardiamente. Novos estudos com grupos maiores de pacientes separados de acordo com as diferentes apresentações e doenças são necesários para definir qual o melhor método cirúrgico para o tratamento de peritoneostomias.

The effects of transversus abdominis plane block on analgesic and anesthetic consumption during total abdominal hysterectomy: a randomized controlled study

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Tugba Karaman

2018-05-01

abdominal hysterectomy. Resumo: Justificativa e objetivos: O bloqueio do plano transverso abdominal é um método de bloqueio periférico que tem sido usado com sucesso para alívio da dor após histerectomia abdominal total. No entanto, os efeitos da combinação do bloqueio do plano transverso abdominal e da anestesia geral sobre a necessidade de analgésico e anestésico ainda não estão claros. Este estudo randômico e controlado com placebo tem como objetivo avaliar os efeitos do bloqueio do plano transverso abdominal sobre o consumo de analgésico e anestésico durante histerectomia abdominal total sob anestesia geral. Métodos: Foram randomizadas em dois grupos 66 mulheres submetidas à histerectomia abdominal total para receber apenas anestesia geral (grupo controle ou associada a bloqueio do plano transverso abdominal usando 20 mL de bupivacaína a 0,25% (grupo plano transverso abdominal. O consumo de remifentanil e sevoflurano no período intraoperatório foi registrado. Também avaliamos a dor pós-cirurgia, náusea, qualidade dos escores de recuperação e necessidade de analgésico de resgate durante as 24 horas de pós-operatório. Resultados: O consumo total de remifentanil e sevoflurano foi significativamente menor no grupo plano transverso abdominal, respectivamente, média (DP: 0,130 (0,25 vs. 0,094 (0,02 mcg.kg−1.min−1; p < 0,01 e 0,295 (0,05 vs. 0,243 (0,06 mL.min−1; p < 0,01. No pós-operatório, os escores de dor foram significativamente reduzidos no grupo plano transverso abdominal logo após a cirurgia; mediana (intervalo: 6 (2-10 vs. 3 (0-5; p < 0,001, em 2 h (5 [3-9] vs. 2,5 [0-6]; p < 0,001, em 6 h (4 [2-7] vs. 3 [0-6], p < 0,001, em 12 h (3,5 [1-6] vs. 2 [1-5]; p = 0,003. As pacientes do grupo plano transverso abdominal apresentaram escores QoR-40 significativamente maiores: 190,5 (175-197 vs. 176,5 (141-187; p < 0,001. Conclusão: A combinação de bloqueio do plano transverso abdominal e anestesia geral pode proporcionar um consumo

Técnicas em cirurgia bariátrica: uma revisão da literatura = Bariatric surgery techniques: a literature review

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Zeve, Jorge Luiz de Mattos

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Introdução: A obesidade é uma condição clínica crônica de etiologia multifatorial cujo fracasso no tratamento clínico e terapêutico levam a necessidade de uma intervenção mais eficaz, a cirúrgica. As cirurgias bariátricas podem modificar apenas o estômago, a fim de reduzir o espaço para o alimento e promover a sensação de saciedade, ou em complemento o intestino delgado, visando uma diminuição do local para absorção de nutrientes. Objetivo: Revisar as técnicas de intervenção em cirurgia bariátrica utilizadas no mundo atual, no intuito de compreender as decisões do cirurgião no que diz respeito à escolha das mesmas, tendo por base comparações dessas técnicas. Materiais e Métodos: Realizou-se estudo exploratório tipo revisão bibliográfica nas bases de dados SciELO, LILACS, PubMed, Bireme, sob os seguintes indexadores: técnicas em cirurgia bariátrica, derivação biliopancreática, gastroplastia vertical com bandagem, banda gástrica ajustável, gastrectomia vertical, cirurgia de derivação gástrica, derivações gástricas em Y de Roux, derivação biliopancreática com gastrectomia vertical e preservação pilórica. Resultados: De 66 referências relativas às técnicas em cirurgia bariátrica analisadas, 40 foram selecionadas entre capítulos de obras bibliográficas, consensos, revisões sistemáticas, meta-análises, estudos clínicos randomizados e controlados. Foram revisadas técnicas cirúrgicas para tratamento da obesidade classificadas como: restritivas, predominantemente restritivas e mal absortivas. Conclusão: Atualmente, diferentes técnicas cirúrgicas no tratamento da obesidade são reconhecidas e recomendadas no mundo inteiro. A escolha da técnica pelo cirurgião irá se basear em informações sobre seu mecanismo de funcionamento, resultados e riscos, que podem ser obtidas através de relevantes publicações científicas

Evolução da massa corporal magra após 12 meses da cirurgia bariátrica

OpenAIRE

Cunha,Selma Freire de Carvalho da; Sanches,Maísa; Faria,Angélica; Santos,José Ernesto dos; Nonino-Borges,Carla Barbosa

2010-01-01

OBJETIVO: O objetivo da pesquisa foi determinar a perda de massa corporal magra em pacientes após cirurgia bariátrica. MÉTODOS: O estudo retrospectivo foi conduzido com 17 prontuários de mulheres obesas submetidas à Derivação Gástrica em Y de Roux com anel de contenção gástrica, incluindo dados obtidos no período pré-operatório imediato e no 1º, 3º, 6º e 12º meses após a cirurgia. Os dados obtidos no prontuário incluíram a idade, medidas de peso, de altura e massa corporal magra e gorda, calc...

Acolhimento e sintomas de ansiedade em pacientes no pré-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca

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Cinthia Calsinski Assis

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Trata-se de ensaio clínico randomizado, em que se objetivou comparar a frequência e intensidade de sintomas de ansiedade de pacientes em pré-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca que receberam acolhimento do enfermeiro ou do familiar ou os que não receberam nenhum tipo específico de acolhimento. A amostra foi constituída de 66 pacientes em pré-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca, que foram alocados em três grupos: acolhimento pelo enfermeiro, sem acolhimento específico e acolhimento pelo familiar. A ansiedade foi avaliada em dois momentos: antes e após a intervenção. O instrumento utilizado foi o construído e validado por Suriano, composto por 19 características definidoras do diagnóstico de enfermagem ansiedade. Observou-se que a redução dos sintomas de ansiedade foi maior no grupo que recebeu acolhimento dos familiares quando comparado aos outros dois grupos. Os resultados sugerem que o incentivo à participação de familiares pode contribuir para a redução de sintomas ansiosos em pacientes no pré-operatório de cirurgias cardíacas.

Cancelamento de cirurgias de catarata em um hospital público de referência Cancellation of cataract surgery in a public hospital

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Micheli Patrícia de Fátima Magri

2012-10-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Analisar a incidência e causas de cancelamento de cirurgias de catarata em um hospital público de referência. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo em que foram analisados o número de cancelamentos de facectomias durante o ano de 2009. Foram analisados sexo, idade, tipo de procedimento suspenso (facoemulsificação ou extração extracapsular do cristalino, tipo de anestesia, convênio (Sistema Único de Saúde ou convênio/particular e motivo de suspensão da cirurgia (causas clínicas, institucionais ou pessoais. RESULTADOS: Foram agendadas no período 2.965 cirurgias de catarata, havendo 650 cancelamentos (21,92%. Dentre as principais razões para a suspensão do procedimento destacaram-se as causas clínicas (86,90%. Os meses de inverno apresentaram os maiores índices de suspensão de cirurgias de catarata. CONCLUSÃO: A taxa de cancelamento de cirurgia de catarata em serviços públicos parece ser a mesma que há 10 anos. A principal causa de suspensão deve-se por condições clínicas (hipertensão, diabetes, falta de exames, etc..PURPOSE: To report the incidence and causes of cataract surgery cancellations in a public hospital. METHODS: This is a retrospective study, which examined the number of cancellations of cataract surgery during 2009. We analyzed the type of procedure suspended (phacoemulsification or extracapsular extraction, type of anesthesia, gender, age, covenant (public/private and the main reasons for suspension of the surgeries (clinical causes, institutional or personal. RESULTS: We analyzed 2,965 scheduled cataract surgeries, with 650 cancellations (21.92%. The main reason for the suspension of the procedure was clinical causes (86.90%. The winter months had the highest suspension rates of cataract surgery. CONCLUSION: The cancellation rate of cataract surgery in Brazilian public system seems to be the same as 10 years ago. The main cause of the suspension should be in clinical conditions

Chronic abdominal wall pain misdiagnosed as functional abdominal pain.

Science.gov (United States)

van Assen, Tijmen; de Jager-Kievit, Jenneke W A J; Scheltinga, Marc R; Roumen, Rudi M H

2013-01-01

The abdominal wall is often neglected as a cause of chronic abdominal pain. The aim of this study was to identify chronic abdominal wall pain syndromes, such as anterior cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome (ACNES), in a patient population diagnosed with functional abdominal pain, including irritable bowel syndrome, using a validated 18-item questionnaire as an identification tool. In this cross-sectional analysis, 4 Dutch primary care practices employing physicians who were unaware of the existence of ACNES were selected. A total of 535 patients ≥18 years old who were registered with a functional abdominal pain diagnosis were approached when they were symptomatic to complete the questionnaire (maximum 18 points). Responders who scored at least the 10-point cutoff value (sensitivity, 0.94; specificity, 0.92) underwent a diagnostic evaluation to establish their final diagnosis. The main outcome was the presence and prevalence of ACNES in a group of symptomatic patients diagnosed with functional abdominal pain. Of 535 patients, 304 (57%) responded; 167 subjects (31%) recently reporting symptoms completed the questionnaire. Of 23 patients who scored above the 10-point cutoff value, 18 were available for a diagnostic evaluation. In half of these subjects (n = 9) functional abdominal pain (including IBS) was confirmed. However, the other 9 patients were suffering from abdominal wall pain syndrome, 6 of whom were diagnosed with ACNES (3.6% prevalence rate of symptomatic subjects; 95% confidence interval, 1.7-7.6), whereas the remaining 3 harbored a painful lipoma, an abdominal herniation, and a painful scar. A clinically relevant portion of patients previously diagnosed with functional abdominal pain syndrome in a primary care environment suffers from an abdominal wall pain syndrome such as ACNES.

VACUUM THERAPY VERSUS ABDOMINAL EXERCISES ON ABDOMINAL OBESITY

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Nevein Mohammed Mohammed Gharib

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Background: Obesity is a medical condition that may adversely affect wellbeing and leading to increased incidence of many health problems. Abdominal obesity tends to be associated with weight gain and obesity and it is significantly connected with different disorders like coronary heart disease and type II diabetes mellitus.This study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of vacuum therapy as compared to abdominal exercises on abdominal obesity in overweight and obese women. Methods: Thirtyoverweight and obese women participated in this study with body mass index > 25 kg/m2andwaist circumference ≥ 85 cm. Their ages ranged from 28 - 40 years old.The subjects were excluded if they have diabetes, abdominal infection diseases or any physical limitation restricting exercise ability. They were randomly allocated into two equal groups; group I and group II. Group I received vacuum therapy sessions (by the use of LPG device in addition to aerobic exercise training. Group II received abdominal exercises in addition to the same aerobic exercisesgiven to group I. This study was extended for successive 8 weeks (3 sessions/ week. All subjects were assessed for thickness ofnthe abdominal skin fold, waist circumference and body mass index. Results: The results of this study showeda significant difference between group I and group II post-interventionas regarding to the mean values of waist circumference and abdominal skin fold thickness (p<0.05. Conclusion: It can be concluded that aerobic exercises combined with vacuum therapy (for three sessions/week for successive 8 weeks have a positive effect on women with abdominal obesity in terms of reducing waist circumference and abdominal skin fold thickness.

Adaptação de lentes de contato após cirurgia refrativa Contact lens fitting after refractive surgery

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Adimara da Candelária Renesto

2005-02-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar a adaptação e o uso de lente de contato em pacientes que foram submetidos à cirurgia refrativa. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado estudo retrospectivo de 53 pacientes submetidos à cirurgia refrativa, que posteriormente passaram a usar lente de contato, no período de 1999 a 2003. Foram avaliados a ametropia prévia, tipo de cirurgia realizada, refração pós-cirúrgica, equivalente esférico pós-cirurgia, ceratometria pós-operatória, curva base da lente adaptada, tipo de lente de contato adaptada, acuidade visual com óculos no pós-operatório, acuidade visual final com lente de contato, complicações e motivo da interrupção do uso. O tempo de seguimento variou de 1 mês a 84 meses (média de 42,5 meses. RESULTADOS: Dos 53 pacientes analisados, 19 pacientes foram submetidos a LASIK (Laser Assisted in Situ Keratomileusis, 29 pacientes foram submetidos à RK (ceratotomia radial, 4 pacientes foram submetidos a PRK (ceratectomia fotoablativa e em um paciente não foi possível obter o tipo de cirurgia realizado. Em 61,29% dos pacientes, (57 olhos de um total de 93, foram adaptadas lentes de contato rígidas gás-permeáveis esféricas. Houve melhora da acuidade visual em 60,21% dos casos (AV>20/40, com poucas complicações. CONCLUSÃO: Devido ao número cada vez maior de cirurgias refrativas realizadas, espera-se que aumente o número de pacientes insatisfeitos com o resultado no pós-operatório e para os quais o uso de lentes de contato venha a ser a melhor opção. A adaptação de lentes de contato pós-cirurgia refrativa exige conhecimento e dedicação e em geral tem bons resultados principalmente pela melhora da acuidade visual.PURPOSE: To evaluate the fitting and use of contact lens in patients submitted to refractive surgery. METHODS: This was a retrospective study in 53 patients submitted to refractive surgery who later started to use contact lens, from 1999 to 2003. The parameters were: previous ametropia, refractive

Protocolo eletrônico multiprofissional em cirurgia bariátrica

OpenAIRE

Nassif,Denise Serpa Bopp; Malafaia,Osvaldo; Nassif,Paulo Afonso Nunes; Kuretzki,Carlos Henrique; Lucas,Ricardo Wallace das Chagas; Pinto,José Simão de Paula

2011-01-01

RACIONAL: A obesidade é doença multifatorial. A coleta de dados exerce papel fundamental para realização de pesquisas de alto grau de qualidade e, na atualidade, a cirurgia da obesidade carece de meios para realização de pesquisas prospectivas com elevado nível de confiabilidade. Os dados obtidos em protocolos eletrônicos são mais completos, têm poucos erros, são mais consistentes e apresentam baixo percentual de violação em relação aos prontuários de papel. OBJETIVO: 1) Criar base teórica de...

Insuficiência renal oculta acarreta risco elevado de mortalidade após cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica

OpenAIRE

Volkmann,Mathias Alexandre; Behr,Paulo Eduardo Ballvé; Burmeister,Jayme Eduardo; Consoni,Paulo Roberto; Kalil,Renato Abdala Karam; Prates,Paulo Roberto; Nesralla,Ivo Abraão; Sant'Anna,João Ricardo Michelin

2011-01-01

INTRODUÇÃO E OBJETIVOS: Insuficiência renal crônica pré operatória é fator preditivo independente para mortalidade em cirurgia cardíaca. Como creatinina sérica normal não representa obrigatoriamente função renal normal, comparamos as taxas de mortalidade, de permanência hospitalar total e de permanência hospitalar pós-operatória em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica isolada com creatinina < 1,5 mg/dL, de acordo com a depuração estimada, normal ou alterada. MÉTODOS:...

Anestesia peridural contínua com ropivacaína a 0,2% associada a anestesia geral para cirurgia do abdômen superior em crianças Anestesia peridural contínua con ropivacaína a 0,2% asociada a anestesia general para cirugía del abdomen superior en niños Continuous epidural anesthesia with 0.2% ropivacaine associated to general anesthesia for upper abdominal surgery in children

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Jyrson Guilherme Klamt

2003-04-01

Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Técnicas anestésicas têm sido empregadas em pacientes pediátricos para vários tipos de cirurgias, apresentando entre outras vantagens, a analgesia pós-operatória. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o ritmo de infusão de propofol e a recuperação pós-anestésica de crianças submetidas à cirurgia abdominal alta sob anestesia peridural torácica com ropivacaína a 0,2%, associada à anestesia geral com propofol ou propofol mais sufentanil. MÉTODO: Vinte e seis crianças ASA I, II e III, com idades entre 0 e 4 anos, submetidas à cirurgia abdominal alta foram selecionadas para anestesia peridural torácica (T7-T8 com ropivacaína a 0,2% (1,5 ml.kg-1. Foram divididas aleatoriamente em dois grupos: Propofol (infusão de propofol e Sufentanil (infusão de propofol mais sufentanil 1 µg.kg-1. Os ritmos de infusões de propofol foram de 20 e 10 mg.kg-1.h-1 nos grupos Propofol e Sufentanil, respectivamente, ajustadas de modo a manter a pressão arterial cerca de 20% dos valores pré-indução e interrompidas 10 a 15 minutos antes do final estimado da cirurgia. A recuperação pós-anestésica foi avaliada através de uma escala modificada de Aldrete-Kroulik e a sedação avaliada através de uma escala de 5 pontos. RESULTADOS: Duas crianças de cada grupo foram excluídas por problemas técnicos. O ritmo de infusão foi significativamente menor no grupo Sufentanil em relação ao grupo Propofol durante 100 minutos após o início da cirurgia. Os tempos para extubação e transferência para a sala de recuperação pós-anestésica (SRPA foram significativamente menores no grupo Propofol, porém a intensidade e a duração da sedação foram maiores nesse grupo em relação ao grupo Sufentanil. Os escores de recuperação foram similares nos dois grupos. Após 3 horas na SRPA, todos pacientes haviam atingido os critérios para transferência para as enfermarias. Hipotensão arterial transitória foi observada em 2

Doença de Castleman localizada abdominal Abdominal Castleman's disease

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Cássio V. C. Oliveira

2005-06-01

Full Text Available A doença de Castleman é um distúrbio linfoproliferativo raro. Há três tipos histológicos: hialino-vascular (mais comum, variante de células plasmáticas e forma mista. A forma hialino-vascular é caracterizada tipicamente por apresentar uma evolução clínica benigna, sem sintomas constitucionais (doença localizada. É geralmente tratada com cirurgia e/ou radioterapia. A doença multicêntrica apresenta sintomas sistêmicos. Ainda não há um consenso sobre qual a melhor abordagem terapêutica. Nós reportamos o caso de um homem de 47 anos de idade com uma massa abdominal e sintomas compressivos. Após ressecção cirúrgica parcial, os exames histopatológico e imuno-histoquímico revelaram doença de Castleman variante hialino vascular. Como as células foliculares eram CD20+, administramos rituximab (anticorpo monoclonal anti-CD20. A maioria dos casos revisados não consideram este tipo de abordagem, exceto no caso de doença de Castleman multicêntrica associada a infecção pelo HHV-8 e sarcoma de Kaposi. Geralmente considera-se o paciente curado após retirada cirúrgica da massa na doença localizada, mas realmente há um risco do paciente desenvolver um linfoma não-Hodgkin no seguimento a longo prazo. O objetivo deste relato é apresentar um caso raro que deve ser incluído no diagnóstico diferencial de desordens linfóides e discutir o tratamento desta doença.Castleman's disease is an uncommon lymphoproliferative disorder. There are three histologic types, hyaline vascular (the most common, plasma cell variant and mixed form. The hyaline vascular variant is typically characterized by a benign clinical course without constitutional symptoms (localized disease. It is usually managed with surgery and/or radiotherapy. Multicentric disease is a systemic disorder. An optimal management is still unknown. We report a case of a 47-year-old man with an abdominal mass and compressive symptom. After partial surgical resection

Programa de terapia miofuncional orofacial para indivíduos submetidos à cirurgia ortognática

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Renata Resina Migliorucci

Full Text Available RESUMO Objetivo: apresentar um Programa de Terapia Miofuncional Orofacial para indivíduos submetidos à cirurgia ortognática. Métodos: foram realizadas 3 etapas distintas: a primeira envolveu a elaboração do programa inicial a partir da revisão da literatura sobre o processo terapêutico após a cirurgia; a segunda a aplicação do programa inicial por duas fonoaudiólogas especialistas em motricidade orofacial em 21 indivíduos, após ortognática, que sugeriram modificações no protocolo inicial, resultando numa segunda versão; na terceira e última etapa, o mesmo foi analisado quanto ao conteúdo por três fonoaudiólogas especialistas em Motricidade Orofacial e novas modificações foram realizadas. Resultado: o programa foi elaborado com base em 38 trabalhos científicos, cuja aplicação pelas fonoaudiólogas resultou em modificações considerando a tipologia facial e as condições dento-oclusais, armazenamento do soro fisiológico; detalhamento dos objetivos das atividades propostas e alongamento do lábio superior. Após as sugestões das especialistas a versão final foi constituída de 12 sessões, sendo a primeira avaliação, 10 sessões de terapia uma vez por semana, envolvendo exercícios miofuncionais, estimulação sensorial e treino funcional, sendo a última sessão de reavaliação. Conclusão: foi possível desenvolver um Programa de Terapia Miofuncional Orofacial para indivíduos submetidos à cirurgia ortognática, sendo necessário que o mesmo seja validado.

An abdominal tuberculosis case mimicking an abdominal mass

African Journals Online (AJOL)

An abdominal tuberculosis case mimicking an abdominal mass. Derya Erdog˘ an a. , Yasemin Ta ¸scı Yıldız b. , Esin Cengiz Bodurog˘lu c and Naciye Go¨nu¨l Tanır d. Abdominal tuberculosis is rare in childhood. It may be difficult to diagnose as it mimics various disorders. We present a 12-year-old child with an unusual ...

Histerectomia vaginal versus histerectomia abdominal em mulheres sem prolapso genital, em maternidade-escola do Recife: ensaio clínico randomizado

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Costa Aurélio Antônio Ribeiro

2003-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: comparar os resultados intra e pós-operatórios em pacientes sem prolapso genital ou doenças anexiais, submetidas a histerectomia vaginal ou abdominal. MÉTODOS: realizou-se estudo do tipo ensaio clínico aberto, randomizado, em pacientes sem prolapso genital que se submeteram a histerectomia total, indicada por doenças benignas, no IMIP, em Recife, Pernambuco. Incluíram-se 35 pacientes, alocadas aleatoriamente em dois grupos, sendo 19 submetidas a histerectomia vaginal e 16 a histerectomia abdominal. Foram estudadas as seguintes variáveis: volume de perda sangüínea, necessidade de hemotransfusão, tempo operatório, dor pós-operatória (intensidade e uso de analgésicos, tempo de permanência hospitalar, complicações operatórias, tempo de retorno às atividades e grau de satisfação das pacientes. Para análise estatística, utilizaram-se os testes chi2 de associação, exato de Fisher e Mann-Whitney para comparação dos grupos, considerando-se significativo erro alfa menor que 5%. RESULTADOS: o volume de sangue perdido durante as histerectomias por via abdominal (mediana de 902 mL foi significativamente maior em relação à perda durante as histerectomias vaginais (mediana de 520 mL, e nenhuma paciente neste último grupo requereu hemotransfusão, contra 19% no primeiro grupo. A duração da cirurgia foi semelhante, com mediana de 120 minutos nos dois grupos. A intensidade da dor, verificada pelos escores da escala analógica visual, foi significativamente menor entre as pacientes submetidas a histerectomia vaginal, que também apresentaram menor freqüência de utilização de analgésicos. Não houve diferença na freqüência de complicações intra ou pós-operatórias entre os dois grupos, encontrando-se apenas um caso de infecção em cada grupo e um caso de trombose venosa profunda no grupo das histerectomias vaginais. O tempo de retorno às atividades das pacientes submetidas à histerectomia vaginal foi

Avaliação do ganho funcional do cotovelo com a cirurgia de Steindler na lesão do plexo braquial

OpenAIRE

Rezende,Marcelo Rosa de; Massa,Bruno Sergio Ferreira; Furlan,Fernando Cesar; Mattar Junior,Rames; Paula,Emygdio Jose Leomil de; Santos,Simone Silva e; Freitas,Maura Cristina

2011-01-01

OBJETIVO: Avaliar ganho de força e amplitude de movimento do cotovelo após cirurgia de Steindler Modificada em pacientes com lesão do tronco superior do plexo braquial. MÉTODO: Foram acompanhados de 1998 a 2007 onze pacientes com lesão traumática fechada do tronco superior do plexo braquial. Todos apresentavam evolução de pelo menos 1 ano da lesão e grau de força de flexão do cotovelo que variou de M1 a M3. Os pacientes foram submetidos à cirurgia de Steindler modificada e seguidos por períod...

Resultados de Técnicas de Reprodução Assistida em Pacientes Previamente Submetidas a Cirurgia Ovariana para o Tratamento da Endometriose

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Geber Selmo

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: avaliar os efeitos da cirurgia ovariana prévia para o tratamento da endometriose na resposta ovariana durante ciclos de reprodução assistida e na taxa de gravidez subseqüente. Métodos: foram avaliadas 61 mulheres inférteis, com cirurgia ovariana prévia para endometriose, submetidas a 74 ciclos de fertilização in vitro/injeção intracitoplasmática de espermatozóides (FIV/ICSI (Grupo caso, e comparadas a 74 pacientes inférteis, submetidas a 77 ciclos de FIV/ICSI no mesmo período e na mesma clínica, sem cirurgia ovariana prévia ou endometriose (Grupo controle. As pacientes foram pareadas por idade e tratamento realizado. A FIV foi realizada utilizando-se o protocolo longo para dessensibilização hipofisária seguida de indução da foliculogênese, monitorizada por ultra-sonografia e dosagem de estradiol. Após punção folicular os oócitos eram inseminados ou injetados e os embriões obtidos foram transferidos entre o dia 2 e dia 5 pós-inseminação. Resultados: pacientes com menos de 35 anos previamente submetidas a cirurgia ovariana recrutaram número menor de oócitos quando comparadas às pacientes do grupo controle (p=0,049. O número de ampolas utilizadas, a duração da foliculogênese, o número de folículos, a taxa de fertilização e de gravidez (53 e 56,2%, respectivamente, para os grupos caso e controle foram semelhantes. Mulheres com idade superior a 35 anos com cirurgia ovariana prévia necessitaram de maior número de ampolas para superovulação (p=0,0017 e apresentaram um número menor de folículos e oócitos (p=0,001. Um total de 10 pacientes ficaram grávidas no grupo caso (34,5% e 14 no grupo controle (48,3% (p=0,424. Conclusão: a cirurgia ovariana para tratamento da endometriose reduz a resposta ovariana durante ciclos de FIV/ICSI em mulheres >35 anos e apresenta tendência a diminuir as taxas de gravidez. Assim, acreditamos que, para as pacientes inférteis com endometriose ovariana, o

Cirurgia bariátrica: como e por que suplementar Bariatric surgery: how and why to supplement

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Livia Azevedo Bordalo

2011-02-01

Full Text Available Pacientes submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica apresentam maior risco de desenvolver deficiências nutricionais pela limitação na ingestão e absorção de diferentes nutrientes. Desta forma, realizamos uma revisão sistemática no PubMed e ISI Web of Science incluindo artigos de setembro de 1983 a abril de 2010 para identificar as principais deficiências nutricionais após a cirurgia bariátrica e de que forma ocorre o seu tratamento. As palavras-chave utilizadas individualmente ou em associação foram: cirurgia bariátrica, obesidade, deficiência de vitamina/mineral, deficiência de proteína, absorção de nutrientes e suplementação de nutrientes. A literatura sugere que para prevenir ou tratar as deficiências nutricionais decorrentes das alterações anatômicas provocadas pelas técnicas cirúrgicas é necessário o uso de suplementação nutricional. O sucesso da suplementação nutricional oral em corrigir ou prevenir as deficiências nutricionais depende de vários fatores. Assim, compreender as formas pelas quais os nutrientes podem ser administrados é muito importante na prática clínica. Essa revisão tem como objetivo auxiliar a melhor seleção de nutrientes de forma a garantir uma reposição adequada dos nutrientes em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica.Patients who have undergone bariatric surgery are at increased risk of developing nutritional deficiencies from limited food intake and absorption of different nutrients. A systematic review of several database websites (PubMed and ISI Web of Science was conducted from September 1983 to April 2010 to identify literature related to micronutrient deficiencies occurring after bariatric surgery. Keywords used individually or in various combinations in the search were bariatric surgery, obesity, vitamin/mineral deficiencies, protein deficiency, nutrient absorption and nutrient supplementation. Literature suggests that to prevent or treat nutritional deficiencies

Robotic rectosigmoidectomy: pioneer case report in Brazil. Current scene in colorectal robotic surgery Retossigmoidectomia laparoscópica robô-assistida: relato de caso pioneiro no Brasil. Panorama atual da cirurgia robótica colorretal

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Marcelo Averbach

2010-03-01

Full Text Available Laparoscopic colorectal surgery is believed to be technically and oncologically feasible. Robotic surgery is an attractive mode in performing minimally-invasive surgery once it has several advantages if compared to standard laparoscopic surgery. The aim of this paper is to report the first known case of colorectal resection surgery using the robotic assisted surgical device in Brazil. A 35-year-old woman with deep infiltrating endometriosis with rectal involvement was referred for colorectal resection using da Vinci® surgical system. The authors also reviewed the most current series and discussed not only the safety and feasibility but also the real benefits of robotic colorectal surgeryA cirurgia laparoscópica colorretal é considerada tecnicamente factível e segura, com resultados oncológicos comparáveis à cirurgia aberta. A cirurgia robótica é uma atraente modalidade de cirurgia minimamente invasiva, com algumas vantagens claras sobre a laparoscopia convencional. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever a experiência pioneira da cirurgia colorretal robô-assistida no Brasil. A paciente de 35 anos operada com auxílio do sistema da Vinci® tinha endometriose profunda, com envolvimento do reto. É feita ampla revisão da literatura, discutindo não apenas a indicação e segurança da cirurgia robótica colorretal, mas também seus reais benefícios

Intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome in association with ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm in the endovascular era: vigilance remains critical.

Science.gov (United States)

Bozeman, Matthew C; Ross, Charles B

2012-01-01

Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) are common complications of ruptured abdominal aortoiliac aneurysms (rAAAs) and other abdominal vascular catastrophes even in the age of endovascular therapy. Morbidity and mortality due to systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and multiple organ failure (MOF) are significant. Recognition and management of IAH are key critical care measures which may decrease morbidity and improve survival in these vascular patients. Two strategies have been utilized: expectant management with prompt decompressive laparotomy upon diagnosis of threshold levels of IAH versus prophylactic, delayed abdominal closure based upon clinical parameters at the time of initial repair. Competent management of the abdominal wound with preservation of abdominal domain is also an important component of the care of these patients. In this review, we describe published experience with IAH and ACS complicating abdominal vascular catastrophes, experience with ACS complicating endovascular repair of rAAAs, and techniques for management of the abdominal wound. Vigilance and appropriate management of IAH and ACS remains critically important in decreasing morbidity and optimizing survival following catastrophic intra-abdominal vascular events.

Mutirão de cirurgias de adenotonsilectomias: uma solução viável? Adeno-tonsillectomy surgery in a joint aid effort: a feasible solution ?

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Marcos Luiz Antunes

2007-08-01

Full Text Available Os hospitais públicos sofrem com a demanda reprimida de indicações de cirurgias de adenoidectomia e/ou tonsilectomia, fazendo com que haja uma fila de espera crescente. O otorrinolaringologista se acostumou com as filas de espera, talvez por entender que este é um problema exclusivo do estado. Achamos de fundamental importância a realização de mutirões dessas cirurgias. OBJETIVOS: Padronizar a organização de mutirões, sua eficácia e viabilidade para os hospitais públicos e comparar a hemorragia pós-operatória nos mutirões e em cirurgias de rotina. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Estudo clínico-prospectivo tipo coorte. Foram realizados mutirões de adenotonsilectomias no período de setembro de 2004 a junho de 2006, no Hospital Estadual de Diadema, analisando-se a equipe multiprofissional envolvida e comparando a complicação hemorragia no pós-operatório com um grupo controle de cirurgias realizadas na rotina. RESULTADOS: Foram realizados 22 mutirões no período (339 cirurgias, uma média de 15,4 cirurgias por mutirão. O índice de hemorragia pós-operatória que necessitou de revisão foi de 1,48% (5/339, não diferindo estatisticamente do grupo controle, 1,37% (5/364. CONCLUSÃO: Conseguimos padronizar a realização de mutirões de cirurgias de adenotonsilectomias, dentro dos parâmetros que consideramos mais seguros, diminuindo a fila de espera das cirurgias. O índice de hemorragia no pós-operatório entre as cirurgias nos mutirões e na rotina não mostrou diferença estatisticamente significante.Public hospitals in Brazil are under capacity for adenotonsillectomies, resulting in a growing waiting line. Otolaryngologists are used to these lines, since they understand that this problem is under govern responsibility. For this reason we believe that joint aid efforts to carry out adenotonsillectomies are justified. AIM: To standardize the organization of adenotonsillectomies in joint aid efforts, its effectiveness and feasibility

Abdominal trauma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Giordany, B.R.

1985-01-01

Abdominal injury is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in childhood. Ten percent of trauma-related deaths are due to abdominal injury. Thousands of children are involved in auto accidents annually; many suffer severe internal injury. Child abuse is a second less frequent but equally serious cause of internal abdominal injury. The descriptions of McCort and Eisenstein and their associates in the 1960s first brought to attention the frequency and severity of visceral injury as important manifestations of the child abuse syndrome. Blunt abdominal trauma often causes multiple injuries; in the past, many children have been subjected to exploratory surgery to evaluate the extent of possible hidden injury. Since the advent of noninvasive radiologic imaging techniques including radionuclide scans and ultrasound and, especially, computed tomography (CT), the radiologist has been better able to assess (accurately) the extent of abdominal injury and thus allow conservative therapy in many cases. Penetrating abdominal trauma occurs following gunshot wounds, stabbing, and other similar injury. This is fortunately, a relatively uncommon occurrence in most pediatric centers and will not be discussed specifically here, although many principles of blunt trauma diagnosis are valid for evaluation of penetrating abdominal trauma. If there is any question that a wound has extended intraperitonelly, a sinogram with water-soluble contrast material allows quick, accurate diagnosis. The presence of large amounts of free intraperitoneal gas suggests penetrating injury to the colon or other gas-containing viscus and is generally considered an indication for surgery

Uso de plasma autólogo em dermolipectomia abdominal: nota prévia

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Angélica Maria Schettino

Full Text Available O plasma autólogo começou a ser estudado na década de 90, principalmente por suas propriedades adesivas, de angiogênese e pela presença de fatores de crescimento de origem plaquetária. Na verdade, o plasma pode ser isolado de modo autólogo, a partir do sangue do próprio paciente e obtido nas suas duas porções: uma com alta concentração de plaquetas (plasma rico em plaquetas- PRP e outra com concentração baixa de plaquetas (plasma pobre em plaquetas- PPP. O presente estudo está em desenvolvimento no Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (HUCFF-UFRJ e no Hospital Naval Marcílio Dias (HNMD, ambos no Rio de Janeiro. O objetivo é avaliar as propriedades do plasma pobre em plaquetas, principalmente a sua ação adesiva, em pacientes com indicação de dermolipectomia abdominal reparadora, de modo a reduzir as coleções no pós operatório, como hematoma e seroma, duas das principais complicações nesse tipo de cirurgia.

Gasometria arterial em dois diferentes métodos de transporte intra-hospitalar no pós-operatório imediato de cirurgia cardíaca

OpenAIRE

Lima Junior, Newton Almeida; Bacelar, Silvia Correa; Japiassú, André Miguel; Cader, Samária Ali; Lima, Rosane Coelho Fernandes; Dantas, Estélio Henrique Martin; Sancho, Alexandre Gomes; Caldeira, Jefferson Braga

2012-01-01

OBJETIVO: Avaliar as repercussões gasométricas de dois métodos de ventilação (ventilador de transporte e ressuscitador manual autoinflável) durante o transporte intra-hospitalar de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca. MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional, longitudinal, prospectivo e randomizado. Foram coletadas gasometrias arteriais ao final da cirurgia e ao final do transporte do paciente. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 23 pacientes: 13 no Grupo ventilador de transporte e 10 no ressuscitador manu...

Cirurgia cardíaca na gravidez Cardiac surgery during pregnancy

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Antoninho Sanfins Arnoni

1986-08-01

Full Text Available No Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia, vem sendo realizado, desde 1975, um trabalho conjunto reunindo obstetras, pediatras, cardiologistas, anestesistas e cirurgiões cardiovasculares, com o intuito de melhorar os resultados da cirurgia cardíaca realizada em pacientes grávidas. Para isto, organizamos um protocolo, que inclui desde o pré-operatório até o nascimento da criança, passando por estudos ecocardiográficos, ultrassonográficos e por monitorização fetal durante a cirurgia. Vinte e seis pacientes foram operadas durante a gravidez, sendo 6 delas em 1985, após o início do estudo. Os resultados, tanto do lado materno como do fetal, são bons, não ocorrendo nenhum óbito materno nesta série e com as crianças nascendo bem e sem malformações e com crescimento e desenvolvimento normais, até o 6º mês de vida extra-uterina.At the Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia, a team project has been carried out since 1975, including obstetricians, pediatricians, cardiologists, anesthesiologists and cardiovascular surgeons aim at getting better results of cardiac surgery in pregnant women. For this purpose, the group developed a protocol that goes from the preoperative period to the delivery of the baby, with ecocardiographic and ultrasonic studies and fetal monitoring during the cardiac surgery of the mother. Twenty six patients were submited to cardiac surgery during pregnancy, and six patients after beginning the study, in 1985. The maternal and fetal results were good, without maternal death and the children were born without malformations and having had normal development until the sixth month of life.

Energy expenditure after 2- to 3-hour elective surgical operations Gasto energético após 2 ou 3 horas de cirurgia eletiva

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Andrea Ferreira Schuwartz Tannus

2001-04-01

Full Text Available Energy expenditure was measured by indirect calorimetry in 17 adult patients (8 women and 9 men before surgery, 4 hours immediately after surgery , and 24 hours late after surgery in patients undergoing elective surgery of small-to-medium scope. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The total duration of surgery ranged from 2 to 3 hours. Repeated measures were performed on the same patient, so that each patient was considered to be his/her own control. All patients received a 5% dextrose solution (2000 mL/day throughout the postoperative period. RESULTS: Men showed a reduction in CO2 production during the immediately after surgery period (257±42 mL/min compared to before surgery (306±48 mL/min and late after surgery (301±45 mL/min; this reduction was not observed in women. Energy expenditure was also lower in men during immediately after surgery (6.6 kJ/min. None of the other measurements, including substrate oxidation, showed significant differences. CONCLUSION: Therefore, elective surgery itself cannot be considered an important trauma that would result in increased energy expenditure. According to this study, it is not necessary to prescribe an energy supply exceeding basal expenditure during the immediate after-surgery period. The present results suggest that the energy supply prescribed during the postoperative period after elective surgery of small-to-medium scope should not exceed 5-7 kJ/min, so the patient does not receive a carbohydrate overload from energy supplementation.A resposta metabólica ao trauma cirúrgico ocorre imediatamente após a cirurgia e recomenda-se que a oferta calórica, nesta situação, seja igual ao metabolismo basal acrescido de 20-30%, considerado fator de injúria. No entanto, níveis elevados de glicemia e aumento na produção de CO2 são freqüentemente observados nestas ocasiões . OBJETIVO: O principal objetivo do presente estudo foi medir o gasto energético basal, o gasto energético imediatamente e 24 horas ap

Cuidado perioperatório e as estratégias de autocuidado: percepções de médicos residentes da cirurgia geral

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Cinthia Bocatti

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Este estudo objetivou analisar o significado do cuidado perioperatório para a equipe de residentes médicos da cirurgia geral de um hospital público do Paraná, assim como, as estratégias de autocuidado utilizadas pelos mesmos. Trata-se de pesquisa descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa, que utilizou a entrevista como instrumento de coleta de dados, buscando analisar os discursos de dez médicos residentes da equipe de cirurgia geral. Após análise dos dados, identificaram-se cinco categorias do fenômeno estudado: 1. Cuidados realizados junto ao paciente de cirurgia geral; 2. Participantes do cuidado; 3. Significado de cuidado; 4. Estratégias de autocuidado; e 5. Aprendizado do cuidado. O estudo evidenciou que, para os entrevistados, o cuidado envolve sentimentos e depende tanto de uma boa interação entre os membros da equipe multiprofissional, quanto de ações realizadas em prol do paciente. Além disso, evidenciou-se que quem cuida também necessita ser cuidado. Assim, outros profissionais e pessoas como amigos e membros da família, foram considerados importantes por oferecerem apoio, compreensão e incentivo.

Estresse e estratégias de enfrentamento em pacientes que serão submetidos à cirurgia de colecistectomia

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André Faro Santos

2006-06-01

Full Text Available A presente pesquisa objetivou comparar o estresse em pacientes no pré-operatório da cirurgia de colecistectomia em relação aos pacientes submetidos ao tratamento clínico de gastrite, buscando também delinear as estratégias de enfrentamento utilizadas por esses pacientes. A amostra foi composta por dois grupos, sendo 15 pacientes cirúrgicos e 10 pacientes do tratamento clínico. Para a detecção do estresse utilizou-se o Inventário de Sintomas de Stress para Adultos de Lipp e para o conhecimento das estratégias de enfrentamento, aplicou-se o Inventário de Estratégias de Coping de Folkman e Lazarus. Nos resultados, constatou-se que a maioria dos pacientes cirúrgicos teve estresse (73,3%, enquanto no grupo do tratamento clínico, somente 10% deles apresentaram. Predominaram pacientes na fase de resistência (72,7% e com sintomas físicos (63,3%. Houve relação estatisticamente significativa entre o sexo e o diagnóstico de estresse, indicando que o sexo feminino apresentou maior ocorrência de estresse na amostra pesquisada (p<0,05. Acredita-se que a cirurgia caracterizou-se como um fator estressante, ressaltando a necessidade da implementação de ações que visem o manejo adequado do estresse, em vista da redução da tensão no pré-cirúrgico e uma melhor recuperação no pós-cirúrgico.   Palavras-chave: estresse; cirurgia; enfrentamento.

Abdominal ultrasonography in the diagnostic work-up in children with recurrent abdominal pain

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Wewer, Anne Vibeke; Strandberg, C; Pærregaard, Anders

1997-01-01

We report on our experience with routine abdominal ultrasonography in 120 children (aged 3-15 years) with recurrent abdominal pain, in order to determine the diagnostic value of this investigation. Eight children (7%) revealed sonographic abnormalities: gallbladder stone (n = 2), splenomegaly (n...... = 1) and urogenital abnormalities (n = 5). The recurrent abdominal pain could be explained by these findings in only two (may be three) cases. CONCLUSION: The diagnostic value of abdominal ultrasonography in unselected children with recurrent abdominal pain is low. However, the direct visualization...... of the abdominal structures as being normal may be helpful to the parents and the child in their understanding and acceptance of the benign nature of recurrent abdominal pain....

Emprego de sistemas robóticos na cirurgia cardiovascular Robotic systems in cardiovascular surgery

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Roberto T. Sant'Anna

2004-06-01

Full Text Available O desenvolvimento de sistemas robóticos para cirurgia teve início na década de 80, por solicitação do exército norte-americano, que antevia a possibilidade de realizar operações em teatros de guerra, distantes do local onde estava o cirurgião. Entretanto, o primeiro uso em humanos só ocorreu anos mais tarde, numa ressecção transuretral de hiperplasia benigna de próstata. Cirurgiões cardíacos foram logo atraídos pela técnica robótica devido a possível aplicação com reduzido caráter invasivo; esperava-se menor trauma cirúrgico e redução da dor, morbidade, tempo de internação e custo do procedimento. Atualmente, de forma restrita e em casos selecionados, robôs são usados para revascularização do miocárdio e implante de marcapasso em cirurgias cardíacas totalmente endoscópicas; podendo também constituir apoio visual na retirada de artéria torácica interna, reconstrução valvar mitral e correção de defeitos congênitos. Utilizando o robô auxiliar AESOP® para controle do videotoracoscópio, com controle vocal por meio do sistema HERMES®, temos realizado dissecção da artéria torácica interna, implante de eletrodo ventricular esquerdo e abordagem de defeitos congênitos na cirurgia de correção. Apesar do entusiasmo científico inicial com a cirurgia robótica, ainda não existe evidência clara de superioridade desta técnica em relação à operação convencional, em termos de resultado. Isto se aplica também ao custo, pois o investimento inicial na aquisição de sistema cirúrgico completo (console, controle de vídeo, instrumental provavelmente é compensado após muitos procedimentos e longo intervalo. Mas é certo que a cirurgia robótica terá um lugar no futuro, possibilitando aprendizagem, telepresença e realização de procedimentos pouco invasivos, embora complexos.The development of robotic systems for surgery started in the 80's, motivated by the US army's need for surgical procedure in

Biomecânica da córnea após laser de femtossegundo na cirurgia de catarata

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Bruno Freitas Valbon

2015-10-01

Full Text Available RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar as alterações da biomecânica da córnea após laser de femtosegundo na cirurgia de catarata e comparar os parâmetros biomecânicos derivados do Corvis ST (Oculus Corvis ST, Scheimpflug Technology; Wetzlar, Germany entre as técnicas do laser de femtossegundo e a facoemulsificação convencional após a cirurgia de catarata. Métodos: Estudo observacional, prospectivo envolvendo 151 olhos de 127 pacientes com diagnóstico de catarata nuclear. Setenta olhos de 65 pacientes foram submetidos à técnica do laser de femtossegundo (Alcon LenSx, Aliso Viejo,USA e 76 olhos de 62 pacientes por meio da facoemulsificação convencional (Alcon Infinit, Fort Worth, USA. O sistema de tonometria de não contato integrado com a câmera ultrarrápida de Scheimpflug (Oculus Corvis ST, Scheimpflug Technology; Wetzlar, Germany foi utilizado para avaliação da biomecânica da córnea antes e após a cirurgia de catarata pelas técnicas do laser de femtossegundo e a facoemulsificação convencional. Os parâmetros biomecânicos utilizados foram: deformidade de amplitude (DA, pressão intraocular, 1st A time, tempo de concavidade máxima, 2nd A time, 1st A Length, 2nd A Length, raio de curvatura de maior alcance, raio de curvatura normal, velocidade de entrada (Vin e de saída (Vout. A densitometria do cristalino (scattering através do PNS (Pentacam Nucleus Staging foi realizado pela tomografia de córnea e segmento anterior (Pentacam® – Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany em todos os pacientes para diagnóstico objetivo da opacidade do cristalino. Os critérios de exclusão foram: doença corneana, doenças da retina e/ou nervo óptico e cirurgia ocular prévia. O teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov foi utilizado para avaliar a distribuição normal. O teste de Wilcoxon e o test-T foram utilizados para avaliação entre o pré-operatório e o primeiro dia de pós-operatório (D1 nos grupos do laser de femtossegundo (LFS e do faco convencional (FC

Mediastinite pós-esternotomia longitudinal para cirurgia cardíaca: 10 anos de análise

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Valdir Cesarino de Souza

2002-09-01

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: mediastinites pós-esternotomia para cirurgia cardíaca não são freqüentes (0,2% a 5,0%, porém, quando surgem, se tornam potencialmente graves. Mesmo com o diagnóstico e tratamento precoces, o prognóstico não é bom, sobretudo se houver sepse e outros agravos à saúde associados. OBJETIVO: rever a casuística de casos de mediastinite. MÉTODO: foram analisados os prontuários de 2.272 pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca entre 1991 e 2000. Todas as operações foram realizadas através de esternotomia mediana longitudinal e circulação extracorpórea no Hospital João XXIII / Instituto de Cirurgia Cardiovascular da Paraíba de Campina Grande (Paraíba. RESULTADOS: a mediastinite ocorreu, em média, 10 dias após a cirurgia, num total de 37 (1,6% casos, com taxa de letalidade 21,6% (n=8. A maioria (n=19; 51,4% dos casos foi em pacientes submetidos a revascularização do miocárdio, seguidos pelos procedimentos valvares (n=13; 35,1%, correções de cardiopatias congênitas (n=4; 10,8% e aneurisma de aorta ascendente (n=1; 2,7%. Vários fatores de risco foram identificados (obesidade, tempo de permanência hospitalar prolongado, diabetes mellitus, tabagismo, reoperações e cirurgias de emergência, especialmente a permanência (por mais de 72 horas no pré-operatório em unidade de terapia intensiva. A cultura do exsudato foi positiva em 35 (94,6% dos 37 pacientes, sendo o Staphylococcus aureus o patógeno mais observado em 17 (48,6%. CONCLUSÕES: a freqüência de mediastinite pós-cirurgias cardíaca, com esternotomia associada, é semelhante à descrita na literatura, não tem diminuído no decorrer dos anos, por isto continua representando um desafio para os cirurgiões e equipes, apesar do arsenal diagnóstico e terapêutico atuais.INTRODUCTION: Mediastinitis is a rare though potentially fatal complication. The incidence is reported to be between 0.2% and 5.0% and is a major cause of postoperative morbidity

The value of plain abdominal radiographs in management of abdominal emergencies in Luth.

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Ashindoitiang, J A; Atoyebi, A O; Arogundade, R A

2008-01-01

The plain abdominal x-ray is still the first imaging modality in diagnosis of acute abdomen. The aim of this study was to find the value of plain abdominal x-ray in the management of abdominal emergencies seen in Lagos university teaching hospital. The accurate diagnosis of the cause of acute abdominal pain is one of the most challenging undertakings in emergency medicine. This is due to overlapping of clinical presentation and non-specific findings of physical and even laboratory data of the multifarious causes. Plain abdominal radiography is one investigation that can be obtained readily and within a short period of time to help the physician arrive at a correct diagnosis The relevance of plain abdominal radiography was therefore evaluated in the management of abdominal emergencies seen in Lagos over a 12 month period (April 2002 to March 2003). A prospective study of 100 consecutively presenting patients with acute abdominal conditions treated by the general surgical unit of Lagos University Teaching Hospital was undertaken. All patients had supine and erect abdominal x-ray before any therapeutic intervention was undertaken. The diagnostic features of the plain films were compared with final diagnosis to determine the usefulness of the plain x-ray There were 54 males and 46 females (M:F 1.2:1). Twenty-four percent of the patients had intestinal obstruction, 20% perforated typhoid enteritis; gunshot injuries and generalized peritonitis each occurred in 13%, blunt abdominal trauma in 12%, while 8% and 10% had acute appendicitis and perforated peptic ulcer disease respectively. Of 100 patients studied, 54% had plain abdominal radiographs that showed positive diagnostic features. Plain abdominal radiograph showed high sensitivity in patients with intestinal obstruction 100% and perforated peptic ulcer 90% but was less sensitive in patients with perforated typhoid, acute appendicitis, and blunt abdominal trauma and generalized peritonitis. In conclusion, this study

Evaluation of the levels of metalloproteinsase-2 in patients with abdominal aneurysm and abdominal hernias.

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Antoszewska, Magdalena

2013-05-01

Abdominal aortic aneurysms and abdominal hernias become an important health problems of our times. Abdominal aortic aneurysm and its rupture is one of the most dangerous fact in vascular surgery. There are some theories pointing to a multifactoral genesis of these kinds of diseases, all of them assume the attenuation of abdominal fascia and abdominal aortic wall. The density and continuity of these structures depend on collagen and elastic fibers structure. Reducing the strength of the fibers may be due to changes in the extracellular matrix (ECM) by the proteolytic enzymes-matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) that degrade extracellular matrix proteins. These enzymes play an important role in the development of many disease: malignant tumors (colon, breast, lung, pancreas), cardiovascular disease (myocardial infarction, ischemia-reperfusion injury), connective tissue diseases (Ehler-Danlos Syndrome, Marfan's Syndrome), complications of diabetes (retinopathy, nephropathy). One of the most important is matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2). The aim of the study was an estimation of the MMP-2 blood levels in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm and primary abdominal hernia, and in patients with only abdominal aortic aneurysm. The study involved 88 patients aged 42 to 89 years, including 75 men and 13 women. Patients were divided into two groups: patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm and primary abdominal hernia (45 persons, representing 51.1% of all group) and patients with only abdominal aortic aneurysm (43 persons, representing 48,9% of all group). It was a statistically significant increase in MMP-2 blood levels in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm and primary abdominal hernia compared to patients with only abdominal aortic aneurysm. It was a statistically significant increase in the prevalence of POCHP in patients with only abdominal aortic aneurysm compared to patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm and primary abdominal hernia. Statistically significant

Controle de danos no trauma abdominal e lesões associadas: experiência de cinco anos em um serviço de emergência

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Carla Martinez Menini Stalhschmidt

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Baseado no conceito de cirurgia para controle de danos (damage control, o presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar, epidemiologicamente, os pacientes submetidos a esta modalidade cirúrgica no Hospital Universitário Cajuru (HUC, em Curitiba, PR. MÉTODO: No período de Janeiro de 2001 à Março de 2005, foram revisados os prontuários de pacientes atendidos no HUC, vítimas de traumatismos diversos, sendo encontrados 39 pacientes submetidos à cirurgia para controle de danos abdominal. RESULTADOS: Dos 39 prontuários de pacientes analisados, 35 foram do sexo masculino (87,74% e quatro do sexo feminino (10,26%. A idade dos pacientes variou de 4 a 73 anos, sendo sua média de 30,35 anos. Trauma penetrante ocorreu em 24 pacientes (61,54%, sendo que 18 destes (46,15% sofreram ferimentos por armas de fogo e seis (15,38%, ferimentos por arma branca. O trauma fechado ocorreu em 15 pacientes, perfazendo um total de 38,46%. O ISS (Injury Severity Score médio dos pacientes foi de 44,03. A quantidade média de hemoderivados utilizados foi de 7,2 unidades papa de hemácias e 4,95 unidades de plasma fresco. O pH médio no intraoperatório foi de 7,1 e o BE (base excess de -14,4. O intervalo de tempo médio entre o início e o término da primeira cirurgia foi de 174,18 minutos (2,9 horas, levando-se em conta outros procedimentos de emergência também efetuados como craniectomias e/ou fixação de pelve e ossos longos. Foram constatados complicações imediatas em 28 pacientes, perfazendo um total de 53,85%. A média de sobrevida foi de 20,51% (n=8 e o tempo médio de permanência na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI após a primeira cirurgia foi de 41,75 horas (n=24. A maioria dos óbitos (n=17 ocorreu nas primeiras 24 horas de internação. CONCLUSÕES: O Damage Control é de fato uma medida que aumenta a taxa de sobrevida dos pacientes gravemente traumatizados, desde que esses mesmos pacientes tenham uma estabilização dentro das primeiras

Função pulmonar em doentes obesos submetidos a cirurgia bariátrica

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C. Guimarães

2012-05-01

Full Text Available Resumo: A obesidade é considerada um problema de saúde pública da atualidade. Devido ao facto de alterar a relação entre pulmões, parede torácica e diafragma, a obesidade tem sido relacionada com alterações da função pulmonar. Em Portugal, existem dados muito limitados entre a relação da obesidade com a função pulmonar.O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as alterações da função respiratória nos doentes obesos mórbidos e o comportamento dos parâmetros obtidos nas provas funcionais respiratórias (PFR no pré e pós cirurgia bariátrica.Realizamos um estudo retrospectivo pré e pós cirurgia bariátrica em 36 doentes obesos mórbidos, com uma média de idades de 40,6 anos sendo 64% do sexo feminino e com um índice de massa corporal (IMC médio de 49,7 kg/m2. Todos os doentes foram avaliados clínica e funcionalmente antes da cirurgia bariátrica e após estabilização do peso na sequência deste procedimento tendo-se realizado espirometria, volumes pulmonares, difusão do monóxido de carbono (DLCO, pressões máximas respiratórias e gasometria arterial. Previamente à cirurgia a maioria mostrava alterações nas PFR, 34 doentes apresentavam uma diminuição da capacidade residual funcional (CRF dos quais 6 tinham síndrome restritiva. Apenas 2 doentes não expressavam qualquer alteração funcional ou gasométrica. Após a cirurgia bariátrica o IMC médio reduziu para 34 kg/m2 e verificou-se uma melhoria significativa de quase todos os parâmetros funcionais havendo resolução dos padrões restritivos, mantendo, contudo, ainda 13 doentes a CRF diminuída.Foi apenas encontrada correlação com significado estatístico entre a redução do IMC e o aumento da CRF (r = −0,371; p = 0,028.Este estudo sugere uma relação entre obesidade e restrição pulmonar e aponta para um

Carcinoma basocelular simulando tumor intranasal: tratamento com cirurgia micrográfica pelo método de Munique Basal cell carcinoma mimicking intranasal tumor: treatment by Munich method of micrographic surgery

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Luis Fernando Figueiredo Kopke

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Relata-se caso incomum de carcinoma basocelular que simulava tumor intranasal de crescimento expansivo, na cavidade da narina esquerda. Operado com cirurgia micrográfica pelo método de Munique, foi possível demonstrar que o tumor se originava da pele aparentemente normal e suprajacente do nariz. Por ser tridimensional, esse método de cirurgia micrográfica permite estudo mais preciso da peça cirúrgica. Discutem-se também aspectos peculiares da cirurgia micrográfica pelo método de Munique, o que contribui para a ampliação do conceito das cirurgias microscopicamente controladas.A rare case of basal cell carcinoma mimicking an expansive intranasal tumor in the left nostril is reported. Through the Munich micrographic surgery method, it was possible to demonstrate that the tumor originated from the apparently normal nose skin. Since this micrographic surgery is a tri-dimensional method, it enables a more accurate study of the specimen. Some peculiar aspects of the micrographic surgery using the Munich method are discussed, thus contributing to further understanding about the concept of microscopically controlled surgeries.

Focused abdominal sonography for trauma (FAST) in blunt paediatric abdominal trauma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Faruque, A. V.; Qazi, S. H.; Khan, M. A. M.

2013-01-01

Objective: To evaluate the role of focussed abdominal sonography for trauma in blunt paediatric abdominal trauma patients, and to see if the role of computed tomography scan could be limited to only those cases in which sonography was positive. Methods: The retrospective study covered 10 years, from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2009, and was conducted at the Department of Radiology and Department of Emergency Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi. It comprised cases of 174 children from birth to 14 years who had presented with blunt abdominal trauma and had focussed abdominal sonography for trauma done at the hospital. The findings were correlated with computed tomography scan of the abdomen and clinical follow-up. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of focussed abdominal sonography for trauma were calculated for blunt abdominal trauma. SPSS 17 was used for statistical analysis. Results: Of the total 174 cases, 31 (17.81%) were later confirmed by abdominal scan. Of these 31 children, sonography had been positive in 29 (93.54%) children. In 21 (67.74%) of the 31 children, sonography had been true positive; 8 (25%) (8/31) were false positive; and 2 (6%) (2/31) were false negative. There were 6 (19.3%) children in which sonography was positive and converted to laparotomy. There was no significant difference on account of gender (p>0.356). Focussed abdominal sonography for trauma in the study had sensitivity of 91%, specificity of 95%, positive predictive value of 73%, and negative predictive value of 73% with accuracy of 94%. All patients who had negative sonography were discharged later, and had no complication on clinical follow-up. Conclusions: Focussed abdominal sonography for trauma is a fairly reliable mode to assess blunt abdominal trauma in children. It is a useful tool to pick high-grade solid and hollow viscous injury. The results suggest that the role of computed tomography scan can be

Focused abdominal sonography for trauma (FAST) in blunt paediatric abdominal trauma.

Science.gov (United States)

Faruque, Ahmad Vaqas; Qazi, Saqib Hamid; Khan, Muhammad Arif Mateen; Akhtar, Wassem; Majeed, Amina

2013-03-01

To evaluate the role of focussed abdominal sonography for trauma in blunt paediatric abdominal trauma patients, and to see if the role of computed tomography scan could be limited to only those cases in which sonography was positive. The retrospective study covered 10 years, from January 1,2000 to December 31,2009, and was conducted at the Department of Radiology and Department of Emergency Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi. It comprised cases of 174 children from birth to 14 years who had presented with blunt abdominal trauma and had focussed abdominal sonography for trauma done at the hospital. The findings were correlated with computed tomography scan of the abdomen and clinical follow-up. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of focussed abdominal sonography for trauma were calculated for blunt abdominal trauma. SPSS 17 was used for statistical analysis. Of the total 174 cases, 31 (17.81%) were later confirmed by abdominal scan. Of these 31 children, sonography had been positive in 29 (93.54%) children. In 21 (67.74%) of the 31 children, sonograpy had been true positive; 8 (25%) (8/31) were false positive; and 2 (6%) (2/31) were false negative. There were 6 (19.3%) children in which sonography was positive and converted to laparotomy. There was no significant difference on account of gender (p>0.356). Focussed abdominal sonography for trauma in the study had sensitivity of 91%, specificity of 95%, positive predictive value of 73%, and negative predictive value of 73% with accuracy of 94%. All patients who had negative sonography were discharged later, and had no complication on clinical follow-up. Focussed abdominal sonography for trauma is a fairly reliable mode to assess blunt abdominal trauma in children. It is a useful tool to pick high-grade solid and hollow viscous injury. The results suggest that the role of computed tomography scan can be limited to those cases in which focussed

Obesity-Associated Abdominal Elephantiasis

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Ritesh Kohli

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Abdominal elephantiasis is a rare entity. Abdominal elephantiasis is an uncommon, but deformative and progressive cutaneous disease caused by chronic lymphedema and recurrent streptococcal or Staphylococcus infections of the abdominal wall. We present 3 cases of patients with morbid obesity who presented to our hospital with abdominal wall swelling, thickening, erythema, and pain. The abdominal wall and legs were edematous, with cobblestone-like, thickened, hyperpigmented, and fissured plaques on the abdomen. Two patients had localised areas of skin erythema, tenderness, and increased warmth. There was purulent drainage from the abdominal wall in one patient. They were managed with antibiotics with some initial improvement. Meticulous skin care and local keratolytic treatment for the lesions were initiated with limited success due to their late presentation. All three patients refused surgical therapy. Conclusion. Early diagnosis is important for the treatment of abdominal elephantiasis and prevention of complications.

Child with Abdominal Pain.

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Iyer, Rajalakshmi; Nallasamy, Karthi

2018-01-01

Abdominal pain is one of the common symptoms reported by children in urgent care clinics. While most children tend to have self-limiting conditions, the treating pediatrician should watch out for underlying serious causes like intestinal obstruction and perforation peritonitis, which require immediate referral to an emergency department (ED). Abdominal pain may be secondary to surgical or non-surgical causes, and will differ as per the age of the child. The common etiologies for abdominal pain presenting to an urgent care clinic are acute gastro-enteritis, constipation and functional abdominal pain; however, a variety of extra-abdominal conditions may also present as abdominal pain. Meticulous history taking and physical examination are the best tools for diagnosis, while investigations have a limited role in treating benign etiologies.

Abdominal Compartment Syndrome

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Pınar Zeyneloğlu

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Intraabdominal hypertension and Abdominal compartment syndrome are causes of morbidity and mortality in critical care patients. Timely diagnosis and treatment may improve organ functions. Intra-abdominal pressure monitoring is vital during evaluation of the patients and in the management algorithms. The incidence, definition and risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis and management of intraabdominal hypertension and Abdominal compartment syndrome were reviewed here.

Abdominal wall fat pad biopsy

Science.gov (United States)

Amyloidosis - abdominal wall fat pad biopsy; Abdominal wall biopsy; Biopsy - abdominal wall fat pad ... is the most common method of taking an abdominal wall fat pad biopsy . The health care provider cleans the ...

Accuracy of the abdominal examination for identifying children with blunt intra-abdominal injuries.

Science.gov (United States)

Adelgais, Kathleen M; Kuppermann, Nathan; Kooistra, Joshua; Garcia, Madelyn; Monroe, David J; Mahajan, Prashant; Menaker, Jay; Ehrlich, Peter; Atabaki, Shireen; Page, Kent; Kwok, Maria; Holmes, James F

2014-12-01

To determine the accuracy of complaints of abdominal pain and findings of abdominal tenderness for identifying children with intra-abdominal injury (IAI) stratified by Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score. This was a prospective, multicenter observational study of children with blunt torso trauma and a GCS score ≥13. We calculated the sensitivity of abdominal findings for IAI with 95% CI stratified by GCS score. We examined the association of isolated abdominal pain or tenderness with IAI and that undergoing acute intervention (therapeutic laparotomy, angiographic embolization, blood transfusion, or ≥2 nights of intravenous fluid therapy). Among the 12 044 patients evaluated, 11 277 (94%) had a GCS score of ≥13 and were included in this analysis. Sensitivity of abdominal pain for IAI was 79% (95% CI, 76%-83%) for patients with a GCS score of 15, 51% (95% CI, 37%-65%) for patients with a GCS score of 14, and 32% (95% CI, 14%-55%) for patients with a GCS score of 13. Sensitivity of abdominal tenderness for IAI also decreased with decreasing GCS score: 79% (95% CI, 75%-82%) for a GCS score of 15, 57% (95% CI, 42%-70%) for a GCS score of 14, and 37% (95% CI, 19%-58%) for a GCS score of 13. Among patients with isolated abdominal pain and/or tenderness, the rate of IAI was 8% (95% CI, 6%-9%) and the rate of IAI undergoing acute intervention was 1% (95% CI, 1%-2%). The sensitivity of abdominal findings for IAI decreases as GCS score decreases. Although abdominal computed tomography is not mandatory, the risk of IAI is sufficiently high that diagnostic evaluation is warranted in children with isolated abdominal pain or tenderness. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Internal Mammary Vessels’ Impact on Abdominal Skin Perfusion in Free Abdominal Flap Breast Reconstruction

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Solveig Nergård, MD

2017-12-01

Conclusions:. Using the IMV in free abdominal flap breast reconstruction had a significant effect on abdominal skin perfusion and may contribute to abdominal wound healing problems. The reperfusion of the abdominal skin was a dynamic process showing an increase in perfusion in the affected areas during the postoperative days.

Resultados das cirurgias "floppy nissen rossetti" e "floppy nissen longa " realizadas por videolaparascopia em pacientes com esôfago de barrett: estudo prelimilar

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Delta Madureira Filho

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Com base na literatura e estatística pessoal sobre os resultados da Fundoplicatura "Nissen Rossetti" sem ligadura dos vasos curtos(FNR no tratamento cirúrgico de pacientes com Doença do Refluxo Gastro-esofágico(DRGE e Esôfago de Barrett (EB, idealizou-se este trabalho com o objetivo de comparar, através de pH metria prolongada pós-operatória e dados clínicos, os resultados desta cirurgia com os alcançados com a Fundoplicatura de Nissen "Longa" com ligadura dos vasos curtos (FNL. MÉTODO: Durante o período de maio de 2000 e março de 2003, foram avaliados, no pós operatório, 28 pacientes com DRGE e EB, dos quais 12 submetidos a FNR(grupo I e 16 a FNL(grupo II. Valorizou-se os sintomas, surgimento de disfagia pós-operatória e a persistência do refluxo ácido após a cirurgia, medido através da pH metria pós-operatória. RESULTADOS: Ambas as cirurgias aliviaram os sintomas de pirose e regurgitação no segundo dia de pós-operatório. A disfagia transitória ocorreu mais frequentemente nos casos de FNR que FNL, 41%(6 e 6,25%(1 respectivamente. Disfagia permanente não foi observada em nenhum dos dois grupos. A pH metria pós- operatória seis meses após as cirurgias mostrou que os pacientes do grupo I não ficaram totalmente protegidos do refluxo, com 25% de pH metrias positivas, enquando os do grupo II ficaram quase que totalmente protegidos, com 6,25% de exames positivos. CONCLUSÕES: Embora seja um estudo preliminar e com um período curto de observação, chamamos a atenção para a lembrança do perigo que representa o refluxo persistente após a cirurgia, para um paciente com esôfago de Barrett e apresentamos uma proposta de fundoplicatura longa e frouxa, ou seja diferente da tendência atual(válvula curta e frouxa para o tratamento cirúrgico dos pacientes com esôfago de Barrett, que acreditamos merecer uma reflexão por parte dos cirurgiões e estudiosos do assunto.

Don't Forget the Abdominal Wall: Imaging Spectrum of Abdominal Wall Injuries after Nonpenetrating Trauma.

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Matalon, Shanna A; Askari, Reza; Gates, Jonathan D; Patel, Ketan; Sodickson, Aaron D; Khurana, Bharti

2017-01-01

Abdominal wall injuries occur in nearly one of 10 patients coming to the emergency department after nonpenetrating trauma. Injuries range from minor, such as abdominal wall contusion, to severe, such as abdominal wall rupture with evisceration of abdominal contents. Examples of specific injuries that can be detected at cross-sectional imaging include abdominal muscle strain, tear, or hematoma, including rectus sheath hematoma (RSH); traumatic abdominal wall hernia (TAWH); and Morel-Lavallée lesion (MLL) (closed degloving injury). These injuries are often overlooked clinically because of (a) a lack of findings at physical examination or (b) distraction by more-severe associated injuries. However, these injuries are important to detect because they are highly associated with potentially grave visceral and vascular injuries, such as aortic injury, and because their detection can lead to the diagnosis of these more clinically important grave traumatic injuries. Failure to make a timely diagnosis can result in delayed complications, such as bowel hernia with potential for obstruction or strangulation, or misdiagnosis of an abdominal wall neoplasm. Groin injuries, such as athletic pubalgia, and inferior costochondral injuries should also be considered in patients with abdominal pain after nonpenetrating trauma, because these conditions may manifest with referred abdominal pain and are often included within the field of view at cross-sectional abdominal imaging. Radiologists must recognize and report acute abdominal wall injuries and their associated intra-abdominal pathologic conditions to allow appropriate and timely treatment. © RSNA, 2017.

Correlation between intra-abdominal pressure and pulmonary volumes after superior and inferior abdominal surgery

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Roberto de Cleva

2014-07-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE:Patients undergoing abdominal surgery are at risk for pulmonary complications. The principal cause of postoperative pulmonary complications is a significant reduction in pulmonary volumes (FEV1 and FVC to approximately 65-70% of the predicted value. Another frequent occurrence after abdominal surgery is increased intra-abdominal pressure. The aim of this study was to correlate changes in pulmonary volumes with the values of intra-abdominal pressure after abdominal surgery, according to the surgical incision in the abdomen (superior or inferior.METHODS:We prospectively evaluated 60 patients who underwent elective open abdominal surgery with a surgical time greater than 240 minutes. Patients were evaluated before surgery and on the 3rd postoperative day. Spirometry was assessed by maximal respiratory maneuvers and flow-volume curves. Intra-abdominal pressure was measured in the postoperative period using the bladder technique.RESULTS:The mean age of the patients was 56±13 years, and 41.6% 25 were female; 50 patients (83.3% had malignant disease. The patients were divided into two groups according to the surgical incision (superior or inferior. The lung volumes in the preoperative period showed no abnormalities. After surgery, there was a significant reduction in both FEV1 (1.6±0.6 L and FVC (2.0±0.7 L with maintenance of FEV1/FVC of 0.8±0.2 in both groups. The maximum intra-abdominal pressure values were similar (p= 0.59 for the two groups. There was no association between pulmonary volumes and intra-abdominal pressure measured in any of the groups analyzed.CONCLUSIONS:Our results show that superior and inferior abdominal surgery determines hypoventilation, unrelated to increased intra-abdominal pressure. Patients at high risk of pulmonary complications should receive respiratory care even if undergoing inferior abdominal surgery.

Correlation between intra-abdominal pressure and pulmonary volumes after superior and inferior abdominal surgery.

Science.gov (United States)

Cleva, Roberto de; Assumpção, Marianna Siqueira de; Sasaya, Flavia; Chaves, Natalia Zuniaga; Santo, Marco Aurelio; Fló, Claudia; Lunardi, Adriana C; Jacob Filho, Wilson

2014-07-01

Patients undergoing abdominal surgery are at risk for pulmonary complications. The principal cause of postoperative pulmonary complications is a significant reduction in pulmonary volumes (FEV1 and FVC) to approximately 65-70% of the predicted value. Another frequent occurrence after abdominal surgery is increased intra-abdominal pressure. The aim of this study was to correlate changes in pulmonary volumes with the values of intra-abdominal pressure after abdominal surgery, according to the surgical incision in the abdomen (superior or inferior). We prospectively evaluated 60 patients who underwent elective open abdominal surgery with a surgical time greater than 240 minutes. Patients were evaluated before surgery and on the 3rd postoperative day. Spirometry was assessed by maximal respiratory maneuvers and flow-volume curves. Intra-abdominal pressure was measured in the postoperative period using the bladder technique. The mean age of the patients was 56 ± 13 years, and 41.6% 25 were female; 50 patients (83.3%) had malignant disease. The patients were divided into two groups according to the surgical incision (superior or inferior). The lung volumes in the preoperative period showed no abnormalities. After surgery, there was a significant reduction in both FEV1 (1.6 ± 0.6 L) and FVC (2.0 ± 0.7 L) with maintenance of FEV1/FVC of 0.8 ± 0.2 in both groups. The maximum intra-abdominal pressure values were similar (p=0.59) for the two groups. There was no association between pulmonary volumes and intra-abdominal pressure measured in any of the groups analyzed. Our results show that superior and inferior abdominal surgery determines hypoventilation, unrelated to increased intra-abdominal pressure. Patients at high risk of pulmonary complications should receive respiratory care even if undergoing inferior abdominal surgery.

Physicians' Abdominal Auscultation

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

John, Gade; Peter, Kruse; Andersen, Ole Trier

1998-01-01

Background: Abdominal auscultation has an important position in the physical examination of the abdomen. Little is known about rater agreement. The aim of this study was to describe rater agreement and thus, indirectly, the value of the examination. Methods: In a semi-virtual setup 12 recordings...... subjects and in patients with intestinal obstruction was acceptable for a clinical examination. Abdominal auscultation is a helpful clinical examination in patients with acute abdominal pain....

Avaliação da aderência peritoneal com utilização de pericárdio bovino no reparo de grandes defeitos da musculatura da parede abdominal em ratos Wistar de ratos Wistar

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Mauro Razuk Filho

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Introdução: A reconstrução dos grandes defeitos congênitos da parede abdominal tem sido um problema. No entanto, o uso de materiais biológicos, como o Pericárdio Bovino (PB tem se mostrado uma boa alternativa. Sua aplicação para reparos na musculatura abdominal continua sendo objeto de estudos e pouco disseminada na prática cirúrgica humana; Objetivos: Propor um modelo experimental de um defeito congênito da parede abdominal em ratos Wistar que será corrigido com PB; Metodologia: Ratos foram submetidos à laparotomiaxifoumbilical em que foram suturadas pequenas placas de pericárdio bovino ou foi realizada somente a sutura, de acordo com o grupo, diretamente no peritônio dos animais, sem lesá-los. O grupo 1 foi constituído por 5 animais que foram submetidos à sutura de placa de pericárdio bovino, o grupo 2 foi constituído por 5 animais que foram submetidos à sutura do peritônio (grupo controle. Três semanas após as cirurgias, os peritônios foram retirados e submetidos a a realização da análise histológica; Resultados: Foi identificado a presença de fibrose, infiltrado mononuclear e neoformação vascular em ambos os grupos; Conclusões: A microscopia revelou semelhanças entre os grupos controle de estudo, o que sugere que o uso do pericárdio bovino para o reparo de grandes defeitos da parede abdominal é seguro;

Glicemia perioperatória e complicações pós-operatórias em cirurgia cardíaca pediátrica

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Rodrigo Leal Alves

2011-11-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: Anestesia para cirurgia cardíaca pediátrica é sistematicamente realizada em pacientes graves sob condições fisiológicas anormais. No intraoperatório, existem variações significativas da volemia, temperatura corporal, composição plasmática e fluxo sanguíneo tecidual, além de ativação da inflamação, com consequências importantes. Medidas seriadas da glicemia podem indicar estados de exacerbação da resposta neuroendocrinometabólica ao trauma servindo como marcadores prognóstico de morbidade nessa população. OBJETIVO: Correlacionar os níveis de glicemia do período perioperatório de crianças submetidas a cirurgia cardíaca com a ocorrência de complicações no pós-operatório e comparar os níveis intraoperatórios de glicemia de acordo com as condições perioperatórias. MÉTODOS: Informações referentes ao procedimento anestésico-cirúrgico e condições perioperatórias dos pacientes foram coletadas em prontuário. Comparações das médias dos valores perioperatórios da glicemia nos grupos de pacientes que apresentaram, ou não, complicações pós-operatórias e as frequências referentes às condições perioperatórias foram estabelecidas conforme cálculo da razão de chances e em análises univariáveis não paramétricas. RESULTADOS: Valores mais elevados de glicemia intraoperatória foram observados nos indivíduos que apresentaram complicações pós-operatórias. Prematuridade, faixa etária, tipo de anestesia e caráter do procedimento não apresentaram influência na média glicêmica do intraoperatório. O emprego de Circulação Extracorpórea (CEC esteve associado a maiores valores de glicemia durante a cirurgia. Nos procedimentos com CEC, maiores níveis glicêmicos foram observados nos indivíduos que evoluíram com infecção e complicações cardiovasculares, nas cirurgias sem CEC essa mesma associação ocorreu com complicações infecciosas e hematológicas. CONCLUSÃO: N�

The therapeutic impact of abdominal ultrasound in patients with acute abdominal symptoms

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dhillon, S.; Halligan, S.; Goh, V.; Matravers, P.; Chambers, A.; Remedios, D.

2002-01-01

AIM: The technical performance of abdominal ultrasound in the investigation of acute abdominal pain has been thoroughly investigated but its therapeutic effects are less well understood. We aimed to determine the therapeutic effect of abdominal ultrasound in the investigation of acute abdominal pain. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A pre- and post-intervention observational study design was used to determine the diagnostic and therapeutic effects of abdominal ultrasound for acute abdominal pain. Referring clinicians completed a pre-ultrasound questionnaire that detailed their leading diagnosis, confidence in this and intended management in 100 consecutive adult patients. Following ultrasound a second questionnaire was completed. This again detailed the leading diagnosis, confidence in this and their intended management. Clinicians quantified the management contribution of ultrasound both for the individual case in question and in their clinical experience generally. RESULTS: The leading diagnosis was either confirmed or rejected in 72 patients and a new diagnosis provided where no prior differential diagnosis existed in 10. Diagnostic confidence increased significantly following ultrasound (mean score 6·5 pre-ultrasound vs 7·6 post-ultrasound, P < 0·001). Intended management changed following ultrasound in 22 patients; 15 intended laparotomies were halted and a further seven patients underwent surgery where this was not originally intended. Ultrasound was rated either 'very' or 'moderately' helpful in 87% of patients, with 99% of clinicians finding it either 'very' or 'moderately' helpful generally. CONCLUSION: Abdominal ultrasound has considerable diagnostic and therapeutic effect in the setting of acute abdominal pain. Dhillon, S. et al. (2002)

Resultados a longo prazo da cirurgia da otosclerose Long term outcome of otosclerosis surgery

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Maria Teresa Bernardo

2012-08-01

Full Text Available O tratamento da otosclerose é preferencialmente cirúrgico e consiste na estapedotomia/estapedectomia, cujos bons resultados imediatos estão bem documentados. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar os resultados audiométricos da cirurgia da otosclerose a longo prazo. Desenho: Estudo retrospectivo. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Incluíram-se os doentes submetidos à estapedotomia/estapedectomia parcial no nosso Serviço e melhoria da audição pós-operatória comprovada. Convocaram-se os doentes para reavaliação audiométrica e compareceram 41 (47 ouvidos. Compararam-se os valores obtidos com os prévios à cirurgia e do pós-operatório imediato. RESULTADOS: A mediana do seguimento tardio foi de 11 anos. Nesta data, 49% dos doentes tinham audição normal ou um grau de hipoacusia ligeira. Os valores médios dos PTA (Pure Tone Average aéreo e ósseo, pré, pós e pós-operatório tardio foram 64,4 e 27,0 dB, 35,6 e 22,3 dB e 44,1 e 29,5 dB, respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: A cirurgia da otosclerose tem bons resultados a longo prazo porque, apesar do agravamento dos limiares, o grau de hipoacusia, 10 anos depois, é inferior ao pré-operatório.The treatment of otosclerosis is eminently surgical. Good immediate results have been well documented when stapedotomy or stapedectomy are chosen. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to assess long term audiometric performance after otosclerosis surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: this retrospective study enrolled stapedotomy and partial stapedectomy patients seen at our service with proven hearing improvement after surgery. Forty-one patients (47 ears accepted the invitation to be reassessed. Audiometry results before and immediately after surgery were compared. RESULTS: the median late follow-up was 11 years. To this date, 49% of the patients had normal hearing or mild dysacusis. Preoperative, postoperative, and late postoperative bone and air pure tone averages were 64.4 and 27.0 dB, 35.6 and 22.3 dB, and 44.1 and 29.5 dB respectively

Suspensão de cirurgia de catarata e suas causas Reasons for cataract surgery cancelation

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Rodrigo Pessoa Cavalcanti Lira

2001-10-01

Full Text Available Com o objetivo de verificar as causas de suspensão de cirurgia de catarata e sugerir medidas para melhorar a eficiência do serviço prestado à população, foi realizado um estudo transversal no serviço de oftalmologia de um hospital universitário do Estado de São Paulo. A amostra foi composta por 200 indivíduos. A média de idade foi de 68± 11,4 anos. As causas de suspensão de cirurgia foram: condição clínica desfavorável (23,1%; horário cirúrgico insuficiente (35,9%; e não comparecimento do paciente (41%. Os fatores causadores foram, majoritariamente, as razões sociais e o funcionamento do hospital.To study the reasons for canceling cataract surgeries, and to suggest actions to improve the efficiency of patient care. A cross-sectional study was carried out in a university hospital's ophthalmology clinic of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Two hundred subjects were randomly selected. The mean age was 68± 11.4 years old. The reasons for canceling surgery were: unpropitious clinical condition (23.1%; tight schedule (35.9%; and patient non-attendance (41%. Most of the reasons related to social issues and the hospital's administrative aspects.

Chronic Abdominal Wall Pain.

Science.gov (United States)

Koop, Herbert; Koprdova, Simona; Schürmann, Christine

2016-01-29

Chronic abdominal wall pain is a poorly recognized clinical problem despite being an important element in the differential diagnosis of abdominal pain. This review is based on pertinent articles that were retrieved by a selective search in PubMed and EMBASE employing the terms "abdominal wall pain" and "cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome," as well as on the authors' clinical experience. In 2% to 3% of patients with chronic abdominal pain, the pain arises from the abdominal wall; in patients with previously diagnosed chronic abdominal pain who have no demonstrable pathological abnormality, this likelihood can rise as high as 30% . There have only been a small number of clinical trials of treatment for this condition. The diagnosis is made on clinical grounds, with the aid of Carnett's test. The characteristic clinical feature is strictly localized pain in the anterior abdominal wall, which is often mischaracterized as a "functional" complaint. In one study, injection of local anesthesia combined with steroids into the painful area was found to relieve pain for 4 weeks in 95% of patients. The injection of lidocaine alone brought about improvement in 83-91% of patients. Long-term pain relief ensued after a single lidocaine injection in 20-30% of patients, after repeated injections in 40-50% , and after combined lidocaine and steroid injections in up to 80% . Pain that persists despite these treatments can be treated with surgery (neurectomy). Chronic abdominal wall pain is easily diagnosed on physical examination and can often be rapidly treated. Any physician treating patients with abdominal pain should be aware of this condition. Further comparative treatment trials will be needed before a validated treatment algorithm can be established.

Intra-Abdominal Hypertension and Abdominal Compartment Syndrome in Association with Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in the Endovascular Era: Vigilance Remains Critical

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Matthew C. Bozeman

2012-01-01

In this review, we describe published experience with IAH and ACS complicating abdominal vascular catastrophes, experience with ACS complicating endovascular repair of rAAAs, and techniques for management of the abdominal wound. Vigilance and appropriate management of IAH and ACS remains critically important in decreasing morbidity and optimizing survival following catastrophic intra-abdominal vascular events.

Torsion of abdominal appendages presenting with acute abdominal pain

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Al-Jaberi, Tareq M.; Gharabeih, Kamal I.; Yaghan, Rami J.

2000-01-01

Diseases of abnormal appendages are rare causes of abdominal pain in all age groups. Nine patients with torsion and infraction of abdominal appendages were retrospectively reviewed. Four patients had torsion and infarction of the appendices epiploicae, four patients had torsion and infarction of the falciform ligament. The patient with falciform ligament disease represents the first reported case of primary torsion and infarction of the falciform ligament, and the patient with the transverse colon epiplocia represents the first reported case of vibration-induced appendix epiplocia torsion and infarction. The patient with the falciform ligament disease presented with a tender upper abdominal mass and the remaining patients were operated upon with the preoperative diagnosis of acute appendicitis. The presence of normal appendix with free serosanguinous fluid in the peritoneal cavity should raise the possibility of a disease and calls for further evaluation of the intra-abdominal organs. If the diagnosis is suspected preoperatively, CT scan and ultrasound may lead to a correct diagnosis and possibly conservative management. Laparoscopy is playing an increasing diagnostic and therapeutic role in such situations. (author)

Intra-abdominal pressure and abdominal compartment syndrome in acute general surgery.

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

Sugrue, Michael

2012-01-31

BACKGROUND: Intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) is a harbinger of intra-abdominal mischief, and its measurement is cheap, simple to perform, and reproducible. Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH), especially grades 3 and 4 (IAP > 18 mmHg), occurs in over a third of patients and is associated with an increase in intra-abdominal sepsis, bleeding, renal failure, and death. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Increased IAP reading may provide an objective bedside stimulus for surgeons to expedite diagnostic and therapeutic work-up of critically ill patients. One of the greatest challenges surgeons and intensivists face worldwide is lack of recognition of the known association between IAH, ACS, and intra-abdominal sepsis. This lack of awareness of IAH and its progression to ACS may delay timely intervention and contribute to excessive patient resuscitation. CONCLUSIONS: All patients entering the intensive care unit (ICU) after emergency general surgery or massive fluid resuscitation should have an IAP measurement performed every 6 h. Each ICU should have guidelines relating to techniques of IAP measurement and an algorithm for management of IAH.

Retrospective comparison of abdominal ultrasonography and radiography in the investigation of feline abdominal disease

Science.gov (United States)

Won, Wylen Wade; Sharma, Ajay; Wu, Wenbo

2015-01-01

Abdominal radiography and ultrasonography are commonly used as part of the initial diagnostic plan for cats with nonspecific signs of abdominal disease. This retrospective study compared the clinical usefulness of abdominal radiography and ultrasonography in 105 feline patients with signs of abdominal disease. The final diagnosis was determined more commonly with ultrasonography (59%) compared to radiography (25.7%). Ultrasonography was also able to provide additional clinically relevant information in 76% of cases, and changed or refined the diagnosis in 47% of cases. Based on these findings, ultrasonography may be sufficient as an initial diagnostic test for the investigation of feline abdominal disease. PMID:26483582

[Differential diagnosis of abdominal pain].

Science.gov (United States)

Frei, Pascal

2015-09-02

Despite the frequency of functional abdominal pain, potentially dangerous causes of abdominal pain need to be excluded. Medical history and clinical examination must focus on red flags and signs for imflammatory or malignant diseases. See the patient twice in the case of severe and acute abdominal pain if lab parameters or radiological examinations are normal. Avoid repeated and useless X-ray exposure whenever possible. In the case of subacute or chronic abdominal pain, lab tests such as fecal calprotectin, helicobacter stool antigen and serological tests for celiac disease are very useful. Elderly patients may show atypical or missing clinical signs. Take care of red herrings and be skeptical whether your initial diagnosis is really correct. Abdominal pain can frequently be an abdominal wall pain.

Significance of residual abdominal masses in children with abdominal Burkitt's lymphoma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Karmazyn, B.; Horev, G.; Kornreich, L.; Ash, S.; Goshen, Y.; Yaniv, I.

2001-01-01

Purpose: To evaluate the natural history of children with abdominal Burkitt's lymphoma who had complete clinical remission and residual abdominal mass after treatment. Material and methods: The charts and imaging findings of all children with abdominal Burkitt's lymphoma treated and followed at our medical center between 1988 and 1999 were reviewed for the presence, management, clinical course, and prognosis of residual mass. Results: Only children who achieved complete clinical remission were included. The study group consisted of 33 children (20 boys and 13 girls) aged 2.6-17.6 years (mean 7.2 years). Of these, seven (20.6 %) were found to have a residual abdominal mass. Two underwent second-look operation with no evidence of viable tumor on histology. The remaining five were followed by imaging studies for 2.2-9.1 years (mean 6.1 years); none relapsed. Conclusion: Residual mass is not uncommon in children with abdominal Burkitt's lymphoma. The presence of residual mass in a child with complete clinical remission does not alter the long-term prognosis. Therefore, in children with Burkitt's lymphoma and residual mass with no other signs of disease activity, expectant watching may be appropriate. (orig.)

Interfaces between bariatric surgery and oral health: a longitudinal survey Interface entre cirurgia bariátrica e saúde bucal: estudo longitudinal

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Juliane Avansini Marsicano

2011-01-01

Full Text Available PURPOSE: To evaluate oral changes, such as dental caries, periodontal disease, dental wear and salivary flow in bariatric patients. Fifty four obese patients who underwent bariatric surgery were studied before (n=54, up after 3 months (n=24 and 6 months (n=16. METHODS: Indices for evaluating oral conditions were: DMFT, CPI, DWI and salivary flow. OIDP questionnaire was used to assess the impact of oral health on quality of life. ANOVA and Spearman correlation were used (p0.05, presence of periodontal pockets in 50%, 58% and 50% of patients (p>0.05, tooth wear in dentin present in 81.5%, 87.5% and 87.5% before, 3 and 6 months after surgical treatment respectively. There were differences between the three periods for prevalence and severity of dental wear (p = 0.012. Salivary flow was 0.8±0.5 ml/min before surgery, 0.9±0.5 ml/min for 3 months and 1.1±0.5m/min for 6 months (p>0.05. The impact of oral health on quality of life decreased with time after bariatric surgery (p= 0.029. CONCLUSION: The lifestyle changes after bariatric surgery and these changes may increase the severity of pre-existing dental problems. However, these alterations in oral health did not influence the quality of life.OBJETIVO: Avaliar alterações bucais, como cárie dentária, doença periodontal, desgaste dentário e fluxo salivar, em pacientes bariátricos. MÉTODOS: Cinquenta e quatro pacientes obesos, submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica, tiveram suas condições bucais avaliadas antes (n=54, aos 3 meses (n=24 e aos 6 meses (n=16 após a cirurgia bariátrica. Os índices para avaliação das condições bucais foram: CPOD, IPC, IDD e o volume de fluxo salivar. O questionário OIDP foi utilizado para verificar o impacto da saúde bucal na qualidade de vida. ANOVA e correlação de Spearman foram utilizados para análise estatística (p0,05, bolsa periodontal foi encontrada em 50%, 58% e 50% dos pacientes (p>0,05 e o desgaste dentário em dentina em 81,5%, 87,5% e 87

Abdominal wall blocks in adults

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Børglum, Jens; Gögenür, Ismail; Bendtsen, Thomas F

2016-01-01

been introduced with success. Future research should also investigate the effect of specific abdominal wall blocks on neuroendocrine and inflammatory stress response after surgery.  Summary USG abdominal wall blocks in adults are commonplace techniques today. Most abdominal wall blocks are assigned......Purpose of review Abdominal wall blocks in adults have evolved much during the last decade; that is, particularly with the introduction of ultrasound-guided (USG) blocks. This review highlights recent advances of block techniques within this field and proposes directions for future research.......  Recent findings Ultrasound guidance is now considered the golden standard for abdominal wall blocks in adults, even though some landmark-based blocks are still being investigated. The efficiency of USG transversus abdominis plane blocks in relation to many surgical procedures involving the abdominal wall...

Dynamic CT in the abdominal organ, 2. Dynamics in the abdominal malignancies

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Fukuda, K [Jikei Univ., Tokyo (Japan). School of Medicine

1980-03-01

The potential role of the abdominal dynamic CT in malignant tumors was evaluated. Among total of 112 cases dynamically studied included were, 22 cases of abdominal malignancies, renal cell carcinoma in 7, hepatocellular carcinoma in 7, metastatic liver tumor in 5, renal pelvic carcinoma in 2, and pancreatic cystadenocarcinoma in one. The results led to the following advantages of the abdominal dynamic CT over conventional CT. (1) The tumor thrombus and the lymphnode involvement could be better demonstrated. (2) The tumor vessels and the tumor stain could be depicted. (3) The extent of the tumor in the parenchyma could be better appreciated. The more invasive catheter angiography would likely to be replaced by the abdominal dynamic CT in the selected case.

Abdominal elephantiasis: a case report.

Science.gov (United States)

Hanna, Dominique; Cloutier, Richard; Lapointe, Roch; Desgagné, Antoine

2004-01-01

Elephantiasis is a well-known condition in dermatology usually affecting the legs and external genitalia. It is characterized by chronic inflammation and obstruction of the lymphatic channels and by hypertrophy of the skin and subcutaneous tissues. The etiology is either idiopathic or caused by a variety of conditions such as chronic filarial disease, leprosy, leishmaniasis, and chronic recurrent cellulites. Elephantiasis of the abdominal wall is very rare. A complete review of the English and French literature showed only two cases reported in 1966 and 1973, respectively. We report a third case of abdominal elephantiasis and we briefly review this entity. We present the case of a 51-year-old woman who had progressively developed an enormous pediculated abdominal mass hanging down her knees. The skin was thickened, hyperpigmented, and fissured. She had a history of multiple abdominal cellulites. She underwent an abdominal lipectomy. Histopathology of the specimen confirmed the diagnosis of abdominal elephantiasis. Abdominal elephantiasis is a rare disease that represents end-stage failure of lymph drainage. Lipectomy should be considered in the management of this condition.

Abdominal migraine in childhood: a review

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Scicchitano B

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Beatrice Scicchitano,1 Gareth Humphreys,1 Sally G Mitton,2 Thiagarajan Jaiganesh1 1Children's Emergency Department, 2Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, St Georges Hospital, St Georges Healthcare NHS Trust, Tooting, London, United Kingdom Abstract: The childhood condition of abdominal migraine has been described under many different synonyms, including "abdominal epilepsy", "recurrent abdominal pain", "cyclical vomiting syndrome", and "functional gastrointestinal disorder". In the early literature, abdominal migraine is included in the "childhood periodic syndrome", first described by Wyllie and Schlesinger in 1933. Abdominal migraine has emerged over the last century as a diagnostic entity in its own right thanks to the development of well defined diagnostic criteria and its recent inclusion in the International Headache Society's Classification of Headache disorders. Despite this progress, little is known about the pathophysiology of the condition, and the treatment options are poorly defined. Here we summarize the recent literature, with particular focus on establishing the diagnosis of abdominal migraine and its pathophysiology, and suggest an approach to management. Keywords: abdominal migraine, recurrent abdominal pain, abdominal epilepsy, cyclical vomiting

Intra-abdominal tuberculous peritonitis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schneider, G.; Ahlhelm, F.; Altmeyer, K.; Kramann, B.; Hennes, P.; Pueschel, W.; Karadiakos, N.

2001-01-01

We report the case of a 15-year-old boy suffering from progressive dyspnea on exertion and painful abdominal protrusion. Final diagnosis of intra-abdominal tuberculosis (TB), including lymphadenopathy and abdominal abscess formation, was made following elective laparotomy. This type of disease is a rare manifestation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The imaging findings in unenhanced and contrast-enhanced MRI and laparoscopic images are presented. Differential diagnosis of abdominal abscess formation and other fungal or bacteriological infections, as well as the imaging findings of this type of lesion, are discussed. This case demonstrates that atypical manifestation of TB may remain unrecognized; thus, awareness of this kind of manifestation of tuberculosis may prevent patients from being subjected to inappropriate therapies. (orig.)

Intra-abdominal tuberculous peritonitis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schneider, G.; Ahlhelm, F.; Altmeyer, K.; Kramann, B. [Dept. of Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital, Homburg (Germany); Hennes, P. [Dept. of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Homburg (Germany); Pueschel, W. [Dept. of Pathology, University Hospital, Homburg (Germany); Karadiakos, N. [Dept. of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital, Homburg (Germany)

2001-07-01

We report the case of a 15-year-old boy suffering from progressive dyspnea on exertion and painful abdominal protrusion. Final diagnosis of intra-abdominal tuberculosis (TB), including lymphadenopathy and abdominal abscess formation, was made following elective laparotomy. This type of disease is a rare manifestation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The imaging findings in unenhanced and contrast-enhanced MRI and laparoscopic images are presented. Differential diagnosis of abdominal abscess formation and other fungal or bacteriological infections, as well as the imaging findings of this type of lesion, are discussed. This case demonstrates that atypical manifestation of TB may remain unrecognized; thus, awareness of this kind of manifestation of tuberculosis may prevent patients from being subjected to inappropriate therapies. (orig.)

Evaluation of abdominal CT in the initial treatment of abdominal trauma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Watanabe, Shinsuke; Ishii, Takashi; Kuwata, Katsuya; Yoneyama, Chihiro; Kitamura, Kazuya; Sasaki, Yoshifumi; Kamachi, Masahiro; Nishiguchi, Hiroyasu.

1986-01-01

During the last four years 102 patients with abdominal trauma were examined by CT for preoperative evaluation in our hospital. In 35 patients (34 %), the CT scans revealed no abnormal findings. They were all managed conservatively except for one case of perforated small bowel. In 67 patients (66 %) CT revealed evidences of substantial abdominal or retroperitoneal trauma. In 30 of them CT findings were confirmed by surgery. Hepatic injury is usually easily recognized by CT. CT is also useful for the detection of renal or splenic injuries. The majority of those parenchymatous organ injuries were successfully managed with conservative therapy, despite apparent traumatic lesions revealed by CT. Repeat CT scans is proved to be very useful to follow the changes of these traumatic lesions. In conclusion, application of abdominal CT is extremely useful for the initial decision making in treatment of patients with abdominal trauma and for the follow-up observation of injured lesions. (author)

Controle da dor no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca: uma breve revisão

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Luciano Ramos de Lima

2008-06-01

Full Text Available Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar as terapêuticas analgésicas para controle da dor no pós-operatório de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca e os instrumentos utilizados para mensurar a experiência dolorosa. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica realizada por meio de revisão da literatura nas bases de dados eletrônicos LILACS, revistas eletrônicas da SciELO, dissertações e teses. Foram utilizados os descritores analgesia, analgesia controlada pelo paciente, cirurgia cardíaca, avaliação e dor pós-operatória. O levantamento dos dados ocorreu em maio de 2007 e foram selecionados estudos publicados no período de maio de 1997 a maio de 2007. Na análise realizou-se síntese reflexiva dos estudos. Dos 23 estudos levantados foram utilizados 8 artigos e uma dissertação de mestrado. A técnica de analgesia mais utilizada foi a Analgesia Controlada pelo Paciente (ACP e os medicamentos mais utilizado foram os opióides, como a morfina, seguidos por antiflamatórios não esteroidais (AINEs e dipirona. Não foram encontrados estudos que utilizaram a terapêutica não farmacológica. Os instrumentos de avaliação de dor frequentemente utilizados nestes estudos incluíram as escalas unidimensionais como a escala numérica verbal e a escala analógica visual. Ficou também evidenciado que os enfermeiros estão pouco envolvidos em pesquisas que abordam o controle da dor no período pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca.

Abdominal epilepsy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hasan, N.; Razzaq, A.

2004-01-01

Abdominal epilepsy (AE) is a rather uncommon clinical entity in children that might create diagnostic confusion especially when it lacks the typical manifestations of an epileptic seizure. We report the case of a young boy having apparently unexplained episodes of paroxysmal abdominal symptoms with no other suggestion of an underlying epileptic disorder. The case also explains how the clinical presentation can be misleading unless a high index of suspicion is maintained to reach the ultimate diagnosis. (author)

Abdominal Sepsis.

Science.gov (United States)

De Waele, Jan J

2016-08-01

Abdominal infections are an important challenge for the intensive care physician. In an era of increasing antimicrobial resistance, selecting the appropriate regimen is important and, with new drugs coming to the market, correct use is important more than ever before and abdominal infections are an excellent target for antimicrobial stewardship programs. Biomarkers may be helpful, but their exact role in managing abdominal infections remains incompletely understood. Source control also remains an ongoing conundrum, and evidence is increasing that its importance supersedes the impact of antibiotic therapy. New strategies such as open abdomen management may offer added benefit in severely ill patients, but more data are needed to identify its exact role. The role of fungi and the need for antifungal coverage, on the other hand, have been investigated extensively in recent years, but at this point, it remains unclear who requires empirical as well as directed therapy.

Abdominal wall hernias: computed tomography findings

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

D'Ippolito, Giuseppe; Rosas, George de Queiroz; Mota, Marcos Alexandre; Akisue, Sandra R. Tsukada; Galvao Filho, Mario de Melo.

2005-01-01

Abdominal hernias are a common clinical problem Clinical diagnosis of abdominal hernias can sometimes be challenging, particularly in obese patients or patients with previous abdominal surgery. CT scan of the abdomen allows visualization of hernias and their contents and the differentiation from other masses of the abdominal wall such as tumors, hematomas and abscesses. Moreover, CT may identify complications such as incarceration, bowel obstruction, volvulus and strangulation. This study illustrates the CT scan findings observed in different types of abdominal wall hernias. (author)

Da Vinci-assisted abdominal cerclage.

Science.gov (United States)

Barmat, Larry; Glaser, Gretchen; Davis, George; Craparo, Frank

2007-11-01

To report the first placement of an abdominal cervicoisthmic cerclage using the da Vinci robot. Case report. Tertiary-care hospital. A 39-year-old female with a history of cervical insufficiency who required a cerclage and was not a candidate for transvaginal cerclage placement. Abdominal cervicoisthmic cerclage placement using the da Vinci robot. Ability to safely and successfully place an abdominal cerclage using the da Vinci robot. Abdominal cerclage was successfully placed using the da Vinci robot. The patient had minimal blood loss and was discharged to home on the same day as surgery. Da Vinci robot-assisted abdominal cerclage placement is an innovative application of robotic surgery and may alter the standard of care for women who require this surgery.

Perfil de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica, assistidos pelo Sistema Único de Saúde do Brasil: revisão sistemática

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Silvana Marcia Bruschi Kelles

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Em 2013, quase um milhão de brasileiros eram obesos graves. A cirurgia bariátrica é uma alternativa para a perda de peso sustentada. Até 2014 foram realizadas quase 50 mil cirurgias pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS do Brasil, mas dados antropométricos e de comorbidades destes pacientes são pouco conhecidos. O objetivo do estudo foi realizar uma revisão sistemática para conhecer o perfil do paciente submetido à cirurgia bariátrica pelo SUS até 2014. Foram consultadas as bases MEDLINE, LILACS, SciELO e Scopus. A qualidade metodológica dos artigos incluídos foi avaliada por escores de Carson e Newcastle-Ottawa. Foram identificados 1.591 estudos e selecionados 39, sendo 95% observacionais. Em média, os pacientes têm 41,4 anos, índice de massa corporal 48,6kg/m2, 21% são homens, 61% hipertensos, 22% diabéticos e 31% têm apneia do sono. Comparado com pacientes incluídos em estudos internacionais, o paciente SUS apresenta perfil antropométrico e de comorbidades semelhante, exceto pela maior prevalência de hipertensão. A baixa qualidade metodológica dos estudos sugere precaução na interpretação dos resultados.

Functional abdominal pain.

Science.gov (United States)

Grover, Madhusudan; Drossman, Douglas A

2010-10-01

Functional abdominal pain syndrome (FAPS) is a relatively less common functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorder defined by the presence of constant or frequently recurring abdominal pain that is not associated with eating, change in bowel habits, or menstrual periods (Drossman Gastroenterology 130:1377-1390, 2006), which points to a more centrally targeted (spinal and supraspinal) basis for the symptoms. However, FAPS is frequently confused with irritable bowel syndrome and other functional GI disorders in which abdominal pain is associated with eating and bowel movements. FAPS also differs from chronic abdominal pain associated with entities such as chronic pancreatitis or chronic inflammatory bowel disease, in which the pain is associated with peripherally acting factors (eg, gut inflammation or injury). Given the central contribution to the pain experience, concomitant psychosocial disturbances are common and strongly influence the clinical expression of FAPS, which also by definition is associated with loss of daily functioning. These factors make it critical to use a biopsychosocial construct to understand and manage FAPS, because gut-directed treatments are usually not successful in managing this condition.

Childhood abdominal cystic lymphangioma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Konen, Osnat; Rathaus, Valeria; Shapiro, Myra; Dlugy, Elena; Freud, Enrique; Kessler, Ada; Horev, Gadi

2002-01-01

Background: Abdominal lymphangioma is a rare benign congenital malformation of the mesenteric and/or retroperitoneal lymphatics. Clinical presentation is variable and may be misleading; therefore, complex imaging studies are necessary in the evaluation of this condition. US and CT have a major role in the correct preoperative diagnosis and provide important information regarding location, size, adjacent organ involvement, and expected complications. Objective: To evaluate the clinical and imaging findings of seven children with proven abdominal cystic lymphangioma. Materials and methods: Clinical and imaging files of seven children with pathologically proven abdominal lymphangioma, from three university hospitals, were retrospectively evaluated. Patient's ages ranged from 1 day to 6 years (mean, 2.2 years). Symptoms and signs included evidence of inflammation, abnormal prenatal US findings, chronic abdominal pain, haemorrhage following trauma, clinical signs of intestinal obstruction, and abdominal distension with lower extremities lymphoedema. Plain films of five patients, US of six patients and CT of five patients were reviewed. Sequential imaging examinations were available in two cases. Results: Abdominal plain films showed displacement of bowel loops by a soft tissue mass in five of six patients, two of them with dilatation of small bowel loops. US revealed an abdominal multiloculated septated cystic mass in five of six cases and a single pelvic cyst in one which changed in appearance over 2 months. Ascites was present in three cases. CT demonstrated a septated cystic mass of variable sizes in all available five cases. Sequential US and CT examinations in two patients showed progressive enlargement of the masses, increase of fluid echogenicity, and thickening of walls or septa in both cases, with multiplication of septa in one case. At surgery, mesenteric lymphangioma was found in five patients and retroperitoneal lymphangioma in the other two. Conclusions: US

Childhood abdominal cystic lymphangioma

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Konen, Osnat; Rathaus, Valeria; Shapiro, Myra [Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Meir General Hospital, Sapir Medical Centre, Kfar Saba (Israel); Dlugy, Elena [Department of Paediatric Surgery, Schneider Medical Centre, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University (Israel); Freud, Enrique [Department of Paediatric Surgery, Sapir Medical Centre, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University (Israel); Kessler, Ada [Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Sourasky Medical Centre, Tel-Aviv (Israel); Horev, Gadi [Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Schneider Medical Centre, Tel-Aviv (Israel)

2002-02-01

Background: Abdominal lymphangioma is a rare benign congenital malformation of the mesenteric and/or retroperitoneal lymphatics. Clinical presentation is variable and may be misleading; therefore, complex imaging studies are necessary in the evaluation of this condition. US and CT have a major role in the correct preoperative diagnosis and provide important information regarding location, size, adjacent organ involvement, and expected complications. Objective: To evaluate the clinical and imaging findings of seven children with proven abdominal cystic lymphangioma. Materials and methods: Clinical and imaging files of seven children with pathologically proven abdominal lymphangioma, from three university hospitals, were retrospectively evaluated. Patient's ages ranged from 1 day to 6 years (mean, 2.2 years). Symptoms and signs included evidence of inflammation, abnormal prenatal US findings, chronic abdominal pain, haemorrhage following trauma, clinical signs of intestinal obstruction, and abdominal distension with lower extremities lymphoedema. Plain films of five patients, US of six patients and CT of five patients were reviewed. Sequential imaging examinations were available in two cases. Results: Abdominal plain films showed displacement of bowel loops by a soft tissue mass in five of six patients, two of them with dilatation of small bowel loops. US revealed an abdominal multiloculated septated cystic mass in five of six cases and a single pelvic cyst in one which changed in appearance over 2 months. Ascites was present in three cases. CT demonstrated a septated cystic mass of variable sizes in all available five cases. Sequential US and CT examinations in two patients showed progressive enlargement of the masses, increase of fluid echogenicity, and thickening of walls or septa in both cases, with multiplication of septa in one case. At surgery, mesenteric lymphangioma was found in five patients and retroperitoneal lymphangioma in the other two

Inter-observer agreement for abdominal CT in unselected patients with acute abdominal pain

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Randen, Adrienne van; Lameris, Wytze; Nio, C.Y.; Spijkerboer, Anje M.; Meier, Mark A.; Tutein Nolthenius, Charlotte; Smithuis, Frank; Stoker, Jaap; Bossuyt, Patrick M.; Boermeester, Marja A.

2009-01-01

The level of inter-observer agreement of abdominal computed tomography (CT) in unselected patients presenting with acute abdominal pain at the Emergency Department (ED) was evaluated. Two hundred consecutive patients with acute abdominal pain were prospectively included. Multi-slice CT was performed in all patients with intravenous contrast medium only. Three radiologists independently read all CT examinations. They recorded specific radiological features and a final diagnosis on a case record form. We calculated the proportion of agreement and kappa values, for overall, urgent and frequently occurring diagnoses. The mean age of the evaluated patients was 46 years (range 19-94), of which 54% were women. Overall agreement on diagnoses was good, with a median kappa of 0.66. Kappa values for specific urgent diagnoses were excellent, with median kappa values of 0.84, 0.90 and 0.81, for appendicitis, diverticulitis and bowel obstruction, respectively. Abdominal CT has good inter-observer agreement in unselected patients with acute abdominal pain at the ED, with excellent agreement for specific urgent diagnoses as diverticulitis and appendicitis. (orig.)

Inter-observer agreement for abdominal CT in unselected patients with acute abdominal pain

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Randen, Adrienne van [University of Amsterdam, Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (Netherlands); University of Amsterdam, Department of Surgery, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (Netherlands); Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (Netherlands); Lameris, Wytze [University of Amsterdam, Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (Netherlands); University of Amsterdam, Department of Surgery, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (Netherlands); Nio, C.Y.; Spijkerboer, Anje M.; Meier, Mark A.; Tutein Nolthenius, Charlotte; Smithuis, Frank; Stoker, Jaap [University of Amsterdam, Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (Netherlands); Bossuyt, Patrick M. [University of Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (Netherlands); Boermeester, Marja A. [University of Amsterdam, Department of Surgery, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (Netherlands)

2009-06-15

The level of inter-observer agreement of abdominal computed tomography (CT) in unselected patients presenting with acute abdominal pain at the Emergency Department (ED) was evaluated. Two hundred consecutive patients with acute abdominal pain were prospectively included. Multi-slice CT was performed in all patients with intravenous contrast medium only. Three radiologists independently read all CT examinations. They recorded specific radiological features and a final diagnosis on a case record form. We calculated the proportion of agreement and kappa values, for overall, urgent and frequently occurring diagnoses. The mean age of the evaluated patients was 46 years (range 19-94), of which 54% were women. Overall agreement on diagnoses was good, with a median kappa of 0.66. Kappa values for specific urgent diagnoses were excellent, with median kappa values of 0.84, 0.90 and 0.81, for appendicitis, diverticulitis and bowel obstruction, respectively. Abdominal CT has good inter-observer agreement in unselected patients with acute abdominal pain at the ED, with excellent agreement for specific urgent diagnoses as diverticulitis and appendicitis. (orig.)

Abdominal emergencies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Raissaki, M.

2012-01-01

Full text: There are numerous conditions that affect mainly or exclusively the pediatric population. These constitute true emergencies, related to patient's health. Delay in diagnosis and treatment of abdominal non-traumatic emergencies may result in rapid deterioration, peritonitis, sepsis, even death or in severe complications with subsequent morbidity. Abdominal emergencies in children mostly present with pain, tenderness, occasionally coupled by vomiting, fever, abdominal distension, and failure to pass meconium or stools. Diarrhea, blood per rectum, abnormal laboratory tests and lethargy may also be manifestations of acute abdominal conditions. Abdominal emergencies have a different aetiology, depending on age and whether the pain is acute or chronic. Symptoms have to be matched with age and gender. Newborns up to 1 months of age may have congenital diseases: atresia, low obstruction including Hirschsprung's disease, meconium ileus. Meconium plug is one of the commonest cause of low obstruction in newborns that may also develop necrotizing enterocolitis, incarcerated inguinal hernia and mid-gut volvulus. Past the immediate postnatal period, any duodenal obstruction should be considered midgut volvulus until proven otherwise and patients should undergo ultrasonography and/or properly performed upper GI contrast study that records the exact position of the deduno-jejunal junction. Infants 6 months-2 years carry the risk of intussusception, mid-gut volvulus, perforation, acute pyelonephritis. Preschool and school-aged children 2-12 years carry the risk of appendicitis, genito-urinary abnormalities including torsion, urachal abnormalities, haemolytic uremic syndrome and Henoch-Schonlein purpura. Children above 12 years suffer from the same conditions as in adults. Most conditions may affect any age despite age predilection. Abdominal solid organ ultrasonography (US) coupled with gastrointestinal ultrasonography is the principle imaging modality in radiosensitive

Blefaroplastia inferior: poderia a cirurgia proporcionar satisfação aos pacientes?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Giovanni André Pires Viana

2012-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Foi realizado um estudo prospectivo com objetivo de avaliar os resultados de cinquenta pacientes submetidos a blefaroplastia inferior transcutânea, visando a análise do resultado clínico e a satisfação dos pacientes na Universidade Federal de São Paulo, entre abril de 2005 e maio de 2007. MÉTODOS: Os pacientes foram alocados aleatoriamente em dois grupos cirúgicos. O Grupo Cirúrgico 1 (Grupo Controle foi composto por 25 pacientes submetidos a blefaroplastia inferior tradicional e cantopexia lateral de rotina. O Grupo Cirúrgico 2 (Grupo Experimental foi composto por 25 pacientes submetidos a blefaroplastia inferior com transposição das bolsas adiposas e cantopexia lateral de rotina. Para avaliar os resultados obtidos foi utilizado a avaliação da autoestima dos pacientes, por meio da Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg UNIFESP/EPM. O outro método utilizado foi solicitar a participação de três cirurgiões independentes que avaliaram as fotografias de pré e pós-operatório e com auxílio de uma escala topográfica, quantificaram os resultados. RESULTADOS: A média de idade foi de 48,8 anos, com predomínio do sexo feminino (96%. A análise das fotografias mostrou que 96% dos pacientes apresentaram melhora significativa. A autoestima melhorou de um escore médio no pré-operatório de 5,1 (desvio padrão = 4,1 para um valor médio de 3,6 (desvio padrão = 3,5 após 6 meses da cirurgia (p=0,001. CONCLUSÃO: Os autores concluíram que ambos os procedimentos seriam seguros e eficazes, com baixo índice de complicação, apresentando melhora da autoestima, visível após seis meses da cirurgia.

A avaliação pré-anestésica para cirurgia oftalmológica em idosos é realmente necessária? A realidade de um hospital público

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Flora Margarida Barra Bisinotto

Full Text Available RESUMO Objetivos: A avaliação pré-anestésica (APA e a realização de exames laboratoriais são questionadas para cirurgias oftalmológicas ambulatoriais por acrescentarem custos e retardarem a cirurgia. Estas são de baixo risco, mas os pacientes são idosos e com várias comorbidades. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar se a APA é realmente necessária nestes pacientes em um hospital público. Métodos: Foi conduzido um estudo retrospectivo em 297 prontuários contendo a APA de pacientes para cirurgias oftalmológicas em um hospital público. Foram avaliados através da história, exame clínico e exames complementares, a proporção de pacientes que apresentaram na APA doenças desconhecidas ou não controladas e alterações dos exames complementares. Resultados: A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 71,5 anos, com 95,28% tendo pelo menos uma doença crônica. A doença mais prevalente foi hipertensão arterial sistêmica (62,96%, que em 7,7% dos pacientes estavam sem controle adequado; 2.3% não tinham diagnóstico de HAS. O diabetes mellitus tipo 2 apareceu em segundo (22,22%, com 5,3% sem controle adequado. Glicemia acima de 100 mg.dl-1 foi encontrada em 25,92%, sem diagnóstico conhecido. Do total, 84,8% tomavam pelo menos um medicamento. Somente 73,4% dos pacientes foram liberados para a cirurgia na primeira consulta. Conclusão: A APA em oftalmologia é capaz de detectar doenças não diagnosticadas, ou condições clínicas instáveis, e exerce um papel não só de otimização do paciente para a cirurgia como de atendimento primário, desempenhando papel importante na saúde global da população e, portanto, considerada necessária nos pacientes idosos do sistema público de saúde.

Laparoscopic management of abdominal cocoon

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Makam Ramesh

2008-01-01

Full Text Available "Peritonitis fibrosa incapsulata", first described in 1907, is a condition characterized by encasement of the bowel with a thick fibrous membrane. This condition was renamed as "abdominal cocoon" in 1978. It presents as small bowel obstruction clinically. 35 cases of abdominal cocoon have been reported in the literature over the last three decades. Abdominal cocoon is more common in adolescent girls from tropical countries. Various etiologies have been described, including tubercular. It is treated surgically by releasing the entrapped bowel. We report a laparoscopic experience of tubercular abdominal cocoon and review the literature.

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA)

Science.gov (United States)

... Professions Site Index A-Z Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) occurs when atherosclerosis or plaque buildup causes the ... weak and bulge outward like a balloon. An AAA develops slowly over time and has few noticeable ...

Abdominal emergencies in pediatrics.

Science.gov (United States)

Coca Robinot, D; Liébana de Rojas, C; Aguirre Pascual, E

2016-05-01

Abdominal symptoms are among the most common reasons for pediatric emergency department visits, and abdominal pain is the most frequently reported symptom. Thorough history taking and physical examination can often reach the correct diagnosis. Knowing the abdominal conditions that are most common in each age group can help radiologists narrow the differential diagnosis. When imaging tests are indicated, ultrasonography is usually the first-line technique, enabling the diagnosis or adding relevant information with the well-known advantages of this technique. Nowadays, plain-film X-ray studies are reserved for cases in which perforation, bowel obstruction, or foreign body ingestion is suspected. It is also important to remember that abdominal pain can also occur secondary to basal pneumonia. CT is reserved for specific indications and in individual cases, for example, in patients with high clinical suspicion of abdominal disease and inconclusive findings at ultrasonography. We review some of the most common conditions in pediatric emergencies, the different imaging tests indicated in each case, and the imaging signs in each condition. Copyright © 2016 SERAM. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

Deficiências de micronutrientes no pré-operatório de cirurgia bariátrica

OpenAIRE

Lima,Karla Vanessa Gomes de; Costa,Maria José de Carvalho; Gonçalves,Maria da Conceição Rodrigues; Sousa,Bruno Soares de

2013-01-01

INTRODUÇÃO: Achados epidemiológicos têm demonstrado o aumento da prevalência de obesidade em diversos segmentos da população mundial. Neste contexto, a cirurgia bariátrica é aceita, atualmente, como a ferramenta mais eficaz no tratamento e controle da obesidade mórbida. Vários estudos vêm avaliando o estado nutricional após operações bariátricas, principalmente as mistas, detectando redução no consumo alimentar de proteínas, vitaminas e minerais. No entanto, outros investigam a presença de de...

Abdominal tuberculosis: Imaging features

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pereira, Jose M.; Madureira, Antonio J.; Vieira, Alberto; Ramos, Isabel

2005-01-01

Radiological findings of abdominal tuberculosis can mimic those of many different diseases. A high level of suspicion is required, especially in high-risk population. In this article, we will describe barium studies, ultrasound (US) and computed tomography (CT) findings of abdominal tuberculosis (TB), with emphasis in the latest. We will illustrate CT findings that can help in the diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis and describe imaging features that differentiate it from other inflammatory and neoplastic diseases, particularly lymphoma and Crohn's disease. As tuberculosis can affect any organ in the abdomen, emphasis is placed to ileocecal involvement, lymphadenopathy, peritonitis and solid organ disease (liver, spleen and pancreas). A positive culture or hystologic analysis of biopsy is still required in many patients for definitive diagnosis. Learning objectives:1.To review the relevant pathophysiology of abdominal tuberculosis. 2.Illustrate CT findings that can help in the diagnosis

Evolução da massa corporal magra após 12 meses da cirurgia bariátrica Lean body mass changes within 12 months of bariatric surgery

OpenAIRE

Selma Freire de Carvalho da Cunha; Maísa Sanches; Angélica Faria; José Ernesto dos Santos; Carla Barbosa Nonino-Borges

2010-01-01

OBJETIVO: O objetivo da pesquisa foi determinar a perda de massa corporal magra em pacientes após cirurgia bariátrica. MÉTODOS: O estudo retrospectivo foi conduzido com 17 prontuários de mulheres obesas submetidas à Derivação Gástrica em Y de Roux com anel de contenção gástrica, incluindo dados obtidos no período pré-operatório imediato e no 1º, 3º, 6º e 12º meses após a cirurgia. Os dados obtidos no prontuário incluíram a idade, medidas de peso, de altura e massa corporal magra e gorda, calc...

Blunt abdominal trauma in children.

Science.gov (United States)

Schonfeld, Deborah; Lee, Lois K

2012-06-01

This review will examine the current evidence regarding pediatric blunt abdominal trauma and the physical exam findings, laboratory values, and radiographic imaging associated with the diagnosis of intra-abdominal injuries (IAI), as well as review the current literature on pediatric hollow viscus injuries and emergency department disposition after diagnosis. The importance of the seat belt sign on physical examination and screening laboratory data remains controversial, although screening hepatic enzymes are recommended in the evaluation of nonaccidental trauma to identify occult abdominal organ injuries. Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST) has modest sensitivity for hemoperitoneum and IAI in the pediatric trauma patient. Patients with concern for undiagnosed IAI, including bowel injury, may be considered for hospital admission and serial abdominal exams without an increased risk of complications, if an exploratory laparotomy is not performed emergently. Although the FAST exam is not recommended as the sole screening tool to rule out IAI in hemodynamically stable trauma patients, it may be used in conjunction with the physical exam and laboratory findings to identify children at risk for IAI. Children with a normal physical exam and normal abdominal CT may not require routine hospitalization after blunt abdominal trauma.

Acomodación abdominal: Fisiopatología de la Distensión Abdominal

OpenAIRE

Villoria Ferrer, Albert

2011-01-01

La distensión abdominal es una alteración clínica frecuente en la población general y en especial en los pacientes afectos de trastornos funcionales digestivos donde se manifiesta de una manera más intensa. El volumen de la cavidad abdominal presenta variaciones fisiológicas en respuesta a la ingesta de alimentos, el llenado vesical o la evacuación rectal. Nuestros datos indican que cuando se realiza un incremento del volumen abdominal de forma experimental en sujetos sanos mediante la infusi...

Estado nutricional antropométrico e comorbidades associadas à síndrome metabólica em mulheres submetidas à cirurgia bariátrica = Anthropometric nutritional status and comorbidities associated with metabolic syndrome in women submitted to bariatric surgery

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Querido, Júlia de Castro

2016-01-01

Conclusões: Os resultados apontam para a eficácia da cirurgia bariátrica no tratamento da obesidade e controle das comorbidades associadas à síndrome metabólica nesta amostra de mulheres. A presença de inadequações no consumo de nutrientes assinala a necessidade do cuidado nutricional no pós operatório da cirurgia bariátrica

Abdominal tuberculosis: Imaging features

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pereira, Jose M. [Department of Radiology, Hospital de S. Joao, Porto (Portugal)]. E-mail: jmpjesus@yahoo.com; Madureira, Antonio J. [Department of Radiology, Hospital de S. Joao, Porto (Portugal); Vieira, Alberto [Department of Radiology, Hospital de S. Joao, Porto (Portugal); Ramos, Isabel [Department of Radiology, Hospital de S. Joao, Porto (Portugal)

2005-08-01

Radiological findings of abdominal tuberculosis can mimic those of many different diseases. A high level of suspicion is required, especially in high-risk population. In this article, we will describe barium studies, ultrasound (US) and computed tomography (CT) findings of abdominal tuberculosis (TB), with emphasis in the latest. We will illustrate CT findings that can help in the diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis and describe imaging features that differentiate it from other inflammatory and neoplastic diseases, particularly lymphoma and Crohn's disease. As tuberculosis can affect any organ in the abdomen, emphasis is placed to ileocecal involvement, lymphadenopathy, peritonitis and solid organ disease (liver, spleen and pancreas). A positive culture or hystologic analysis of biopsy is still required in many patients for definitive diagnosis. Learning objectives:1.To review the relevant pathophysiology of abdominal tuberculosis. 2.Illustrate CT findings that can help in the diagnosis.

Validity of a new abdominal bioelectrical impedance device to measure abdominal and visceral fat: comparison with MRI

OpenAIRE

Browning, Lucy M; Mugridge, Owen; Chatfield, Mark; Dixon, Adrian; Aitken, Sri; Joubert, Ilse; Prentice, Andrew M.; Jebb, Susan A

2010-01-01

Abdominal fat, and in particular, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), is the critical fat depot associated with metabolic aberrations. At present VAT can only be accurately measured by computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This study was designed to compare a new abdominal bioelectrical impedance device against total abdominal adipose tissue (TAAT) and VAT area measurements made from an abdominal MRI scan, and to assess it’s reliability and accuracy.

Abdominal binders may reduce pain and improve physical function after major abdominal surgery - a systematic review

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rothman, Josephine Philip; Gunnarsson, Ulf; Bisgaard, Thue

2014-01-01

INTRODUCTION: Evidence for the effect of post-operative abdominal binders on post-operative pain, seroma formation, physical function, pulmonary function and increased intra-abdominal pressure among patients after surgery remains largely un-investigated. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted...... formation and physical function. RESULTS: A total of 50 publications were identified; 42 publications were excluded leaving eight publications counting a total of 578 patients for analysis. Generally, the scientific quality of the studies was poor. Use of abdominal binder revealed a non-significant tendency...... to reduce seroma formation after laparoscopic ventral herniotomy and a non-significant reduction in pain. Physical function was improved, whereas evidence supports a beneficial effect on psychological distress after open abdominal surgery. Evidence also supports that intra-abdominal pressure increases...

Anestesia local e sedação para cirurgia de implante coclear: uma alternativa possível Local anesthesia for cochlear implant surgery: a possible alternative

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Rogério Hamerschmidt

2010-10-01

Full Text Available Aanestesia geral sempre foi motivo de dúvida dos pacientes que vão ser submetidos a qualquer cirurgia, especialmente o implante coclear. Como já realizamos as cirurgias otológicas com anestesia local e sedação, julgamos perfeitamente possível a realização da cirurgia do implante coclear também com esse tipo de anestesia, diminuindo os riscos, a morbidade e os custos para o hospital. OBJETIVOS: Estudo prospectivo para demonstrar a técnica anestésica e cirúrgica utilizada em três casos de adultos submetidos ao implante coclear, avaliando a segurança e a eficácia de tal técnica. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Foram feitas três cirurgias de implante coclear, duas com implante Cochlear e uma com Med-EL, sem intercorrências transoperatórias, durante a telemetria e no pós-operatório imediato. RESULTADOS: Os três pacientes adultos tiveram alta hospitalar aproximadamente três horas após a cirurgia, deambulando, sem eventos nauseosos, relatando um pós-operatório mais fácil do que esperavam, mesmo no momento da telemetria intraoperatória. CONCLUSÃO: Anestesia local e sedação é uma alternativa para casos selecionados de pacientes para o implante coclear, principalmente naqueles de mais idade ou que apresentem contraindicação para a anestesia geral, os riscos e a morbidade são menores.The aim of this paper is to illustrate the possibility of performing a cochlear implant surgery with local anesthesia and sedation, the anesthetic technique and the advantages of that in comparison to a general anesthesia. AIMS: prospective study demonstrating the possibility of doing cochlear implant surgery under local anesthesia and sedation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: we describe three successful cases operated under local anesthesia, including neural telemetry and the conditions the patient presented after the surgery, with a very good recovery and no complications during and after the procedure. RESULTS: these three surgeries show the possibility of

Lateral abdominal muscle size at rest and during abdominal drawing-in manoeuvre in healthy adolescents.

Science.gov (United States)

Linek, Pawel; Saulicz, Edward; Wolny, Tomasz; Myśliwiec, Andrzej; Kokosz, Mirosław

2015-02-01

Lateral abdominal wall muscles in children and adolescents have not been characterised to date. In the present report, we examined the reliability of the ultrasound measurement and thickness of the oblique external muscle (OE), oblique internal muscle (OI) and transverse abdominal muscle (TrA) at rest and during abdominal drawing-in manoeuvre (ADIM) on both sides of the body in healthy adolescents. We also determined possible differences between boys and girls and defined any factors-such as body mass, height and BMI-that may affect the thickness of the abdominal muscles. B-mode ultrasound was used to assess OE, OI and TrA on both sides of the body in the supine position. Ultrasound measurements at rest and during ADIM were reliable in this age group (ICC3,3 > 0.92). OI was always the thickest and TrA the thinnest muscle on both sides of the body. In this group, an identical pattern of the contribution of the individual muscles to the structure of the lateral abdominal wall (OI > OE > TrA) was observed. At rest and during ADIM, no statistically significant side-to-side differences were demonstrated in either gender. The body mass constitutes between 30% and <50% of the thickness differences in all muscles under examination at rest and during ADIM. The structure of lateral abdominal wall in adolescents is similar to that of adults. During ADIM, the abdominal muscles in adolescents react similarly to those in adults. This study provided extensive information regarding the structure of the lateral abdominal wall in healthy adolescents. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Cuidados nos pacientes com hemofilia e doença de von Willebrand na cirurgia eletiva otorrinolaringológica

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Marques Marise P. C.

2003-01-01

Full Text Available FORMA DE ESTUDO Clínico prospectivo. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Foi realizado um estudo prospectivo de 10 anos de 20 pacientes com hemofilias ou doença de von Willebrand (DvW com indicação de cirurgia otorrinolaringológica. Os pacientes foram submetidos a um total de 25 cirurgias otorrinolaringológicas eletivas. A idade média foi de 23,75 anos (2 a 62 anos. O grupo de estudo consistiu em 14 hemofílicos, 11 com hemofilia A grave (1 do sexo feminino, uma portadora com 30% de atividade de fator VIII (FVIII, um hemofílico B leve e uma com deficiência grave de fator X; 6 com DvW, 4 tinham o tipo 1 (3 mulheres, um o tipo 2A e um o tipo 3. Treze hemofílicos tinham síndrome de imunodeficiência adquirida. A duração média do procedimento foi de 1 hora e 37 minutos (15 minutos a 12 horas. O defeito da coagulação foi corrigido com desmopressina (DDAVP, com concentrado de FVIII de pureza intermediária 8Y, com criopreciptado ou com complexo protrombínico não ativado (PPSB, de acordo com os níveis plasmáticos do fator e da severidade da cirurgia. O ácido épsilon aminocapróico também foi usado em associação. Em 1 hemofílico A grave houve sangramento pós-operatório que se resolveu com a elevação do nível mínimo de FVIII para 80% e em 1 paciente com DvW do Tipo 3 houve sangramento pós-operatório pela dificuldade de identificação do melhor concentrado a ser reposto. Após o uso do concentrado de pureza intermediária 8Y, houve controle do sangramento. RESULTADO: Todos os outros pacientes apresentaram a hemostasia considerada normal ou excelente. CONCLUSÃO: Concluiu-se que pacientes com hemofilias ou DvW não apresentam um risco cirúrgico aumentado se for realizada uma terapia adequada.

Alterações motoras após cirurgia refrativa no paciente estrábico Motor disturbances after refractive surgery in patients with strabismus

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Rosana Nogueira Pires da Cunha

2004-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Estudar a evolução clínica de pacientes com estrabismo e que se submeteram à cirurgia refrativa. MÉTODOS: Foram examinados 15 pacientes de outubro de 2000 a setembro de 2001 com história de estrabismo e cirurgia fotorrefrativa, incluindo avaliação sensório-motora. O tempo de seguimento foi no mínimo de 6 meses da correção a laser. Os pacientes que já haviam sido submetidos à correção a laser constituíram o primeiro grupo, e os que foram examinados antes da correção a laser, formaram o segundo grupo. RESULTADOS: Todos os pacientes do primeiro grupo necessitaram de cirurgia corretora de estrabismo para aliviar os sintomas de visão dupla ou corrigirem o aumento do desvio ocular. A cirurgia fotorrefrativa foi realizada nesses casos em pacientes com estrabismo pré-existente e sem avaliação prévia de suas condições sensoriais.A maioria dos pacientes do segundo grupo apresentou piora da visão binocular após o procedimento a laser. Metade dos pacientes desse grupo precisou usar óculos para detalhes de perto para aliviar sintomas de astenopia. Aqueles que possuíam esotropia acomodativa foram os que apresentaram menos ou nenhuma queixa após o procedimento, e a evolução foi estável ao longo dos meses de pós-operatório. CONCLUSÕES: Os cirurgiões refrativos devem selecionar seus pacientes, evitando subestimar alterações que possam comprometer a capacidade de fusão após o laser. Recomendamos a avaliação sensório-motora detalhada, antes do laser, para todos os candidatos à cirurgia refrativa.PURPOSE: To evaluate patients with strabismus submitted to excimer laser refractive procedure. METHODS: Complete eye examination was performed, including motor and sensorial evaluation in 15 patients from October, 2000 to September, 2001. Follow-up was at least 6 months after excimer laser procedure. Patients who had been submitted to laser were named the first group and those who were seen before laser formed the

Intra-abdominal pressure during swimming.

Science.gov (United States)

Moriyama, S; Ogita, F; Huang, Z; Kurobe, K; Nagira, A; Tanaka, T; Takahashi, H; Hirano, Y

2014-02-01

The present study aimed to determine the intra-abdominal pressure during front crawl swimming at different velocities in competitive swimmers and to clarify the relationships between stroke indices and changes in intra-abdominal pressure. The subjects were 7 highly trained competitive collegiate male swimmers. Intra-abdominal pressure was measured during front crawl swimming at 1.0, 1.2 and 1.4 m · s(-1) and during the Valsalva maneuver. Intra-abdominal pressure was taken as the difference between minimum and maximum values, and the mean of 6 stable front crawl stroke cycles was used. Stroke rate and stroke length were also measured as stroke indices. There were significant differences in stroke rate among all velocities (P pressure and stroke rate or stroke length (P pressure and stroke indices when controlling for swimming velocity. These findings do not appear to support the effectiveness of trunk training performed by competitive swimmers aimed at increasing intra-abdominal pressure. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

Abdominal tuberculosis. On-going challenge to gastroenterologists

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ibrahim, Mahgoub; Osuba, Abimbola

2005-01-01

The aim of this study is to record the observations and experience on the diagnosis and management of abdominal tuberculosis (TB) and to highlight the difficulties in the diagnosis and management of this condition. Two hundred consecutive patients attending the Gastroenterology Department of the King Khalid National Guard Hospital, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia between May 1991 and May 2001, suspected with abdominal TB were investigated. A detailed clinical history and physical examination were obtained. Data of 75 confirmed cases of abdominal TB were analyzed. The most common presenting symptoms were anorexia (84%), abdominal pain (84%) and weight loss (72%). Abdominal tenderness was the most common clinical finding, followed by ascites and abdominal mass (42%). The chest radiograph suggestive of pulmonary TB was diagnosed in 24 patients (32%). Computed tomographic (CT) scanning revealed abnormalities in all 51 patients who underwent the procedure, while positive findings were observed by abdominal ultrasound in 66% of the tested patients. Histopathological examination of patients showed tuberculosis granuloma, while acid fast bacilli were seen in 34%. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was identified by microbiological methods in 60% of patients. The most common presenting symptoms were anorexia (84%), abdominal pain (84%) and weight loss (72%). Abdominal tenderness was the most common clinical finding, followed by ascites and abdominal mass (42%). The chest radiograph suggestive of pulmonary TB was diagnosed in 24 patients (32%). Computed tomographic (CT) scanning revealed abnormalities in all 51 patients who underwent the procedure, while positive findings were observed by abdominal ultrasound in 66% of the tested patients. Histopathological examination of patients showed tuberculous granuloma, while acid fast bacilli were seen in 34%. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was identified by microbiological methods in 60% of patients. A high index of clinical suspicion is

Increased pressure within the abdominal compartment: intra-abdominal hypertension and the abdominal compartment syndrome.

Science.gov (United States)

Roberts, Derek J; Ball, Chad G; Kirkpatrick, Andrew W

2016-04-01

This article reviews recent developments related to intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH)/abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) and clinical practice guidelines published in 2013. IAH/ACS often develops because of the acute intestinal distress syndrome. Although the incidence of postinjury ACS is decreasing, IAH remains common and associated with significant morbidity and mortality among critically ill/injured patients. Many risk factors for IAH include those findings suggested to be indications for use of damage control surgery in trauma patients. Medical management strategies for IAH/ACS include sedation/analgesia, neuromuscular blocking and prokinetic agents, enteral decompression tubes, interventions that decrease fluid balance, and percutaneous catheter drainage. IAH/ACS may be prevented in patients undergoing laparotomy by leaving the abdomen open where appropriate. If ACS cannot be prevented with medical or surgical management strategies or treated with percutaneous catheter drainage, guidelines recommend urgent decompressive laparotomy. Use of negative pressure peritoneal therapy for temporary closure of the open abdomen may improve the systemic inflammatory response and patient-important outcomes. In the last 15 years, investigators have better clarified the pathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnosis, and appropriate prevention of IAH/ACS. Subsequent study should be aimed at understanding which treatments effectively lower intra-abdominal pressure and whether these treatments ultimately affect patient-important outcomes.

CT of abdominal abscesses

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Korobkin, M.T.

1987-01-01

The imaging search for a suspected abdominal abscess is common in hospitalized patients, especially after recent abdominal surgery. This paper examines the role of CT in the detection, localization, and treatment of abdominal abscess. The accuracy, limitations, and technical aspects of CT in this clinical setting are discussed. The diagnosis of an abscess is based on the demonstration of a circumscribed abnormal fluid collection. Although percutaneous aspiration with gram stain and culture is usually indicated to differentiate abscess from other fluid collections, the CT-based detection of extraluminal gas bubbles makes the diagnosis of an abscess highly likely. CT is compared with conventional radiographic studies, US, and radio-nuclide imaging. Specific CT and clinical features of abscesses in the following sites are emphasized: subphrenic space, liver, pancreas, kidneys, psoas muscle, appendix, and colonic diverticula. Most abdominal abscesses can be successfully treated with percutaneous drainage techniques. The techniques, results, and limitations of percutaneous abscess drainage are reviewed

Adult abdominal hernias.

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

Murphy, Kevin P

2014-06-01

Educational Objectives and Key Points. 1. Given that abdominal hernias are a frequent imaging finding, radiologists not only are required to interpret the appearances of abdominal hernias but also should be comfortable with identifying associated complications and postrepair findings. 2. CT is the imaging modality of choice for the assessment of a known adult abdominal hernia in both elective and acute circumstances because of rapid acquisition, capability of multiplanar reconstruction, good spatial resolution, and anatomic depiction with excellent sensitivity for most complications. 3. Ultrasound is useful for adult groin assessment and is the imaging modality of choice for pediatric abdominal wall hernia assessment, whereas MRI is beneficial when there is reasonable concern that a patient\\'s symptoms could be attributable to a hernia or a musculoskeletal source. 4. Fluoroscopic herniography is a sensitive radiologic investigation for patients with groin pain in whom a hernia is suspected but in whom a hernia cannot be identified at physical examination. 5. The diagnosis of an internal hernia not only is a challenging clinical diagnosis but also can be difficult to diagnose with imaging: Closed-loop small-bowel obstruction and abnormally located bowel loops relative to normally located small bowel or colon should prompt assessment for an internal hernia.

Actinomycosis mimicking abdominal neoplasm. Case report

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Waaddegaard, P; Dziegiel, Morten Hanefeld

1988-01-01

In a patient with a 6-month history of nonspecific abdominal complaints, preoperative examination indicated malignant disease involving the right ovary, rectum and sigmoid, but laparotomy revealed abdominal actinomycosis. Removal of the ovary and low anterior colonic resection followed by penicil......In a patient with a 6-month history of nonspecific abdominal complaints, preoperative examination indicated malignant disease involving the right ovary, rectum and sigmoid, but laparotomy revealed abdominal actinomycosis. Removal of the ovary and low anterior colonic resection followed...... by penicillin treatment gave a good result....

Paciente portadora de doença de von Willebrand submetida a cirurgia da valva mitral: uma estratégia para o controle da coagulopatia Patient with von Willebrand disease undergoing mitral valve repair: a strategy for the control of the coagulopathy

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Ally Nader Roquetti Saroute

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Relatamos o caso de uma mulher de 60 anos portadora da doença de von Willebrand tipo I, submetida a cirurgia da valva mitral. A paciente necessitou de cuidados especiais em razão da coagulopatia e foi necessária a utilização de concentrado de fator VIII (VIIIf e fator de von Willebrand (vWf antes, durante e depois da cirurgia. Não houve complicações durante e após a cirurgia. Nove meses depois, a paciente encontra-se assintomática. A correção para valores adequados de VIIIf e vWf permitiu a realização da cirurgia com segurança.We report a case of a 60 year-old woman with von Willebrand disease type I that was submitted to a mitral valve repair. The patient needed special care due coagulopathy and needed VIII factor (VIIIf and von Willebrand factor (vWf, before, during and after surgery. There was no complication during or after surgery. Patient is asymptomatic nine months postoperatively. The correction of VIIIf and vWf allowed the realization of a safety surgery.

Acute appendicitis after blunt abdominal trauma

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Marjan Joudi

2012-02-01

Full Text Available Appendecitis is one of the most frequent surgeries. Inflammation of appendix may be due to variable causes such as fecalit, hypertrophy of Peyer’s plaques, seeds of fruits and parasites. In this study we presented an uncommon type of appendicitis which occurred after abdominal blunt trauma. In this article three children present who involved acute appendicitis after blunt abdominal trauma. These patients were 2 boys (5 and 6-year-old and one girl (8-year-old who after blunt abdominal trauma admitted to the hospital with abdominal pain and symptoms of acute abdomen and appendectomy had been done for them.Trauma can induce intramural hematoma at appendix process and may cause appendicitis. Therefore, physicians should be aware of appendicitis after blunt abdominal trauma

Abdominal imaging findings in gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis.

Science.gov (United States)

Flicek, Kristina T; Vikram, Holenarasipur R; De Petris, Giovanni D; Johnson, C Daniel

2015-02-01

To describe the abdominal imaging findings of patients with gastrointestinal Basidiobolus ranarum infection. A literature search was performed to compile the abdominal imaging findings of all reported worldwide cases of gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis (GIB). In addition, a retrospective review at our institution was performed to identify GIB cases that had imaging findings. A radiologist aware of the diagnosis reviewed the imaging findings in detail. Additional information was obtained from the medical records. A total of 73 GIB cases have been published in the medical literature. The most common abdominal imaging findings were masses in the colon, the liver, or multiple sites and bowel wall thickening. Initially, many patients were considered to have either a neoplasm or Crohn disease. We identified 7 proven cases of GIB at our institution, of which 4 had imaging studies (4 computed tomography [CT] examinations, 4 abdominal radiographs, and an upper gastrointestinal study). Imaging studies showed abnormalities in all 4 cases. Three-fourths of our study patients had an abdominal mass at CT. Two of 3 masses involved the kidneys and included urinary obstruction. All masses showed an inflammatory component with adjacent soft tissue stranding, with or without abscess formation. Radiologists should consider GIB when a patient from an arid climate presents with abdominal pain, weight loss, and an inflammatory abdominal mass on CT. Abdominal masses of the colon or liver, bowel wall thickening, and abscesses are the most common imaging findings.

Abdominal imaging in AIDS patients

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhao Dawei; Wang Wei; Yuan Chunwang; Jia Cuiyu; Zhao Xuan; Zhang Tong; Ma Daqing

2007-01-01

Objective: To evaluate abdominal imaging in AIDS. Methods: The imaging examinations (including US, CT and MR) of 6 patients with AIDS associated abdominal foci were analysed retrospectively. All the cases were performed US, and CT scan, of which 4 performed enhanced CT scan and 1 with MR. Results: Abdominal tuberculosis were found in 4 patients, including abdominal lymph nodes tuberculosis (3 cases) and pancreatic tuberculosis (1 case). The imaging of lymph nodes tuberculosis typically showed enlarged peripheral tim enhancement with central low-attenuation on contrast-enhanced CT. Pancreatic tuberculosis demonstrated low-attenuation area in pancreatic head and slightly peripheral enhancement. Disseminated Kaposi's sarcoma was seen in 1 case: CT and MRI scan demonstrated tumour infiltrated along hepatic portal vein and bronchovascular bundles. Pelvic tumor was observed in 1 case: CT scan showed large mass with thick and irregular wall and central low attenuation liquefacient necrotic area in the pelvic cavity. Conclusion: The imaging findings of AIDS with abdominal foci is extraordinarily helpful to the diagnosis of such disease. Tissue biopsy is needed to confirm the diagnosis. (authors)

Cirurgia conservadora de próteses aórtica e mitral na endocardite infecciosa Conservative surgery for aortic and mitral prosthesis in infective endocarditis

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Kanim Kalil KASSAB

2001-03-01

Full Text Available A endocardite infecciosa (EI acometendo próteses valvares é uma complicação freqüente, sendo tratada geralmente com cirurgia, devido ao seu difícil controle clínico e má resposta à antibioticoterapia. Este relato descreve o caso de uma paciente com EI, acometendo simultaneamente as biopróteses aórtica (Ao e mitral (Mi após vinte e quatro meses de cirurgia de implantes valvares, submetida a tratamento cirúrgico conservador, e com resultado favorável. Discutem-se as vantagens deste procedimento em situações específicas.Infective endocarditis is a frequent complication for valvar prosthesis currently treated with surgery, orving to its difficult control and poor response to therapy with antibiotics. Although conservative surgery for infective endocarditis of prosthesis is not a procedure of choice, this report shows a case of infective endocarditis of aortic and mitral prosthesis, after 24 months of implantation, treated by conservative surgery with favorable outcome.

[Diagnostic imaging and acute abdominal pain].

Science.gov (United States)

Liljekvist, Mads Svane; Pommergaard, Hans-Christian; Burcharth, Jakob; Rosenberg, Jacob

2015-01-19

Acute abdominal pain is a common clinical condition. Clinical signs and symptoms can be difficult to interpret, and diagnostic imaging may help to identify intra-abdominal disease. Conventional X-ray, ultrasound (US) and computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen vary in usability between common surgical causes of acute abdominal pain. Overall, conventional X-ray cannot confidently diagnose or rule out disease. US and CT are equally trustworthy for most diseases. US with subsequent CT may enhance diagnostic precision. Magnetic resonance seems promising for future use in acute abdominal imaging.

Radiologic findings of abdominal wall endometriosis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Seo, Jung Wook [Inje Univ. Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang (Korea, Republic of)

2003-12-01

To evaluate the imaging findings of abdominal wall endometriosis. In seven of 17 patients with surgically proven endometriosis of the abdominal wall, we retrospectively reviewed the findings of radiologic studies such as abdominal US (n=3), CT (n=4), and MRI (n=1). One patient under went more than one type of imaging, apparently. The surgical history of the seven, and their symptoms and preoperative diagnosis were reviewed, and the size, location, margin and nature of the mass, and the contrast enhancement patterns observed at radiologic studies, were assessed. The chief symptoms were palpable abdominal wall mass (n=5) and lower abdominal pain (n=2) around a surgical scar. Previous surgery included cesarean section (n=5), cesarean section with oophorectomy (n=1) and appendectomy (n=1). Masses were located in the subcutaneous fat layer (n=5) or rectus abdominis muscle (n=2), and their maximum diameter was 2.6 cm. Imaging findings, which correlated closely with the pathologic findings, included a well (n=5) or poorly marginated (n=2) solid mass, with a focal cystic area apparent in two cases. Although imaging findings of abdominal wall endometriosis may not be specific for diagnosis, the presence of a solid abdominal mass in female patients of reproductive age with a history of surgery is a diagnostic pointer.

Radiologic findings of abdominal wall endometriosis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Seo, Jung Wook

2003-01-01

To evaluate the imaging findings of abdominal wall endometriosis. In seven of 17 patients with surgically proven endometriosis of the abdominal wall, we retrospectively reviewed the findings of radiologic studies such as abdominal US (n=3), CT (n=4), and MRI (n=1). One patient under went more than one type of imaging, apparently. The surgical history of the seven, and their symptoms and preoperative diagnosis were reviewed, and the size, location, margin and nature of the mass, and the contrast enhancement patterns observed at radiologic studies, were assessed. The chief symptoms were palpable abdominal wall mass (n=5) and lower abdominal pain (n=2) around a surgical scar. Previous surgery included cesarean section (n=5), cesarean section with oophorectomy (n=1) and appendectomy (n=1). Masses were located in the subcutaneous fat layer (n=5) or rectus abdominis muscle (n=2), and their maximum diameter was 2.6 cm. Imaging findings, which correlated closely with the pathologic findings, included a well (n=5) or poorly marginated (n=2) solid mass, with a focal cystic area apparent in two cases. Although imaging findings of abdominal wall endometriosis may not be specific for diagnosis, the presence of a solid abdominal mass in female patients of reproductive age with a history of surgery is a diagnostic pointer

Screening for abdominal aortic aneurysms Rastreamento de aneurismas da aorta abdominal

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Telmo Pedro Bonamigo

2003-01-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: Screening for abdominal aortic aneurysms may be useful to decrease mortality related to rupture. We conducted a study to assess the prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysms in southern Brazil and to define risk factors associated with high prevalence of this disorder. The screening was conducted using abdominal ultrasound. Three groups were studied: Group 1 - cardiology clinic patients; Group 2 - individuals with severe ischemic disease and previous coronary surgery, or important lesions on cardiac catheterism; Group 3 - individuals without cardiac disease selected from the general population. All individuals were male and older than 54 years of age. The ultrasonographic diagnosis of aneurysm was based on an anteroposterior abdominal aorta diameter of 3 cm, or on an abdominal aorta diameter 0.5 cm greater than that of the supra-renal aorta. RESULTS: A total of 2.281 people were screened for abdominal aortic aneurysms in all groups: Group 1 - 768 individuals, Group 2 - 501 individuals, and Group 3 - 1012 individuals. The prevalence of aneurysms was 4.3%, 6.8% and 1.7%, respectively. Age and cigarette smoking were significantly associated with increased prevalence of aneurysms, as was the diagnosis of peripheral artery disease. DISCUSSION: We concluded that screening may be an important tool to prevent the mortality associated with abdominal aortic aneurysms surgery. Additionally, the cost of screening can be decreased if only individuals presenting significant risk factors, such as coronary and peripheral artery disease, smokers and relatives of aneurysm patients, are examined.OBJETIVO E MÉTODOS: O rastreamento de aneurisma da aorta abdominal infra-renal é importante pois pode diminuir a mortalidade relacionada à ruptura. Realizamos um estudo para definir a prevalência desses aneurismas em diversos segmentos da população em nossa região do Brasil. O rastreamento foi realizado utilizando-se a ecografia de abdômen. Tr

Abdominal compartment syndrome with acute reperfusion syndrome

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Maleeva, A.

2017-01-01

Abdominal compartment syndrome was recognized clinically in the 19th century when Marey and Burt observed its association with declines in respiratory function. Abdominal compartment syndrome is first used as a medical terminology from Fietsman in a case of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm. A condition caused by abnormally increased pressure within the abdomen. Causes of abdominal compartment syndrome include trauma, surgery, or infection. Common symptoms: abdominal distension, fast heart rate, insufficient urine production, or low blood pressure Medical procedure: nasogastric intubation Surgery: laparotomy Specialists: radiologist, primary care provider (PCP), surgeon, and emergency medicine doctor [6, 10]. Keywords: Stomach. Gastroparesis . Diabetes Mellitus [bg

Efeito da suplementação de zinco em indivíduos obesos submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica

OpenAIRE

Erdmann, Alessandra

2006-01-01

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição A obesidade é hoje considerada um problema de saúde pública mundial. A obesidade grau III é definida por um IMC acima de 40 kg/m2 . Para este tipo de obesidade tem-se utilizado o tratamento cirúrgico, chamado de cirurgia bariátrica.

Mechanical characterization of porcine abdominal organs.

Science.gov (United States)

Tamura, Atsutaka; Omori, Kiyoshi; Miki, Kazuo; Lee, Jong B; Yang, King H; King, Albert I

2002-11-01

Typical automotive related abdominal injuries occur due to contact with the rim of the steering wheel, seatbelt and armrest, however, the rate is less than in other body regions. When solid abdominal organs, such as the liver, kidneys and spleen are involved, the injury severity tends to be higher. Although sled and pendulum impact tests have been conducted using cadavers and animals, the mechanical properties and the tissue level injury tolerance of abdominal solid organs are not well characterized. These data are needed in the development of computer models, the improvement of current anthropometric test devices and the enhancement of our understanding of abdominal injury mechanisms. In this study, a series of experimental tests on solid abdominal organs was conducted using porcine liver, kidney and spleen specimens. Additionally, the injury tolerance of the solid organs was deduced from the experimental data.

Experimental study of abdominal CT scanning exposal doses adjusted on the basis of pediatric abdominal perimeter

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wei Wenzhou; Zhu Gongsheng; Zeng Lingyan; Yin Xianglin; Yang Fuwen; Liu Changsheng

2006-01-01

Objective: To optimize the abdominal helical CT scanning parameters in pediatric patients and to reduce its radiation hazards. Methods: 60 canines were evenly grouped into 4 groups on the basis of pediatric abdominal perimeter, scanned with 110,150,190 and 240 mAs, and their qualities of canine CT images were analyzed. 120 pediafric patients with clinic suspected abdominal diseases were divided into 4 groups on the basis of abdominal perimeter, scanned by optimal parameters and their image qualities were analyzed. Results: After CT exposure were reduced, the percentages of total A and B were 90.9 % and 92.0 % in experimental canines and in pediatric patients, respectively. Compared with conventional CT scanning, the exposure and single slice CT dose index weighted (CTDIw) were reduced to 45.8%-79.17%. Conclusion: By adjusted the pediatric helical CT parameters basedon the of pediatric abdominal perimeter, exposure of patient to the hazards of radiation is reduced. (authors)

Children's (Pediatric) Abdominal Ultrasound Imaging

Medline Plus

Full Text Available ... particularly valuable for evaluating abdominal, pelvic or scrotal pain in children. Preparation will depend on the type ... help a physician determine the source of abdominal pain, such as gallstones, kidney stones, abscesses or an ...

Abdominal epilepsy in a Nigerian child S

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Abdominal epilepsy is an exceptionally rare cause of abdominal pain that is more likely to ... We report on a child with episodic paroxysmal abdominal pain, accompanied by ... causes for the presenting complaints, work-up should proceed.

DIEP breast reconstruction following multiple abdominal liposuction procedures

OpenAIRE

Farid, Mohammed; Nicholson, Simon; Kotwal, Ashutosh; Akali, Augustine

2014-01-01

Objective: Previous abdominal wall surgery is viewed as a contraindication to abdominal free tissue transfer. We present two patients who underwent multiple abdominal liposuction procedures, followed by successful free deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap. We review the literature pertaining to reliability of abdominal free flaps in those with previous abdominal surgery. Methods: Review of case notes and radiological investigations of two patients, and a PubMed search using the ter...

Recovery after abdominal wall reconstruction

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, Kristian Kiim

2017-01-01

Incisional hernia is a common long-term complication to abdominal surgery, occurring in more than 20% of all patients. Some of these hernias become giant and affect patients in several ways. This patient group often experiences pain, decreased perceived body image, and loss of physical function......, which results in a need for surgical repair of the giant hernia, known as abdominal wall reconstruction. In the current thesis, patients with a giant hernia were examined to achieve a better understanding of their physical and psychological function before and after abdominal wall reconstruction. Study...... was lacking. Study II was a case-control study of the effects of an enhanced recovery after surgery pathway for patients undergoing abdominal wall reconstruction for a giant hernia. Sixteen consecutive patients were included prospectively after the implementation of a new enhanced recovery after surgery...

Abdominal angina

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Becker, G.J.; Stewart, J.; Holden, R.W.; Yune, H.Y.; Mail, J.T.; Klatte, E.C.

1988-01-01

Abdominal angina due to occlusive disease of the mesenteric arteries has been the to become clinically manifest only in the presence of severe disease in at least two of the following vessels: celiac, SMA, and IMA. Still, many patients who gradually develop significant two-vessel disease have few or no associated symptoms. Differences in collateral circulation and in cardiac index account for some of the clinical variation. The usual clinical manifestations include severe post-prandial pain, sitophobia (fear of eating because of the anticipated symptoms), and profound weight loss. Uncommonly, diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting may be encountered. Smoking is a common historical feature. Most series document a female predilection. Aside from occasional abdominal bruits and (more commonly) findings of peripheral vascular occlusive disease, the physical exam discloses only cachexia. But the differential diagnosis of profound weight loss is extensive. Therefore, abdominal angina has always created a diagnostic challenge. Multiple imaging modalities are often employed, and a seemingly negative evaluation often culminates in biplane aortography. The latter typically reveals stenoses and/or occlusions in at least two of the three mesenteric arteries. The authors discuss how a variety of surgical treatments, including thromboendarterectomy and bypass grafting, have evolved. Recently reported results have been excellent

O peptídeo natriurético do tipo B é preditor de eventos em pós-operatório de cirurgia ortopédica

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Humberto Villacorta Junior

2010-12-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: A avaliação clínica nem sempre é suficiente para predizer complicações cardíacas pós-operatórias (PO. O peptídeo natriurético do tipo B (BNP tem grande valor prognóstico em pacientes (pts com insuficiência cardíaca. Seu valor como preditor de eventos em cirurgias ortopédicas ainda não foi testado. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o valor do BNP em predizer complicações cardíacas no PO de cirurgia ortopédica. MÉTODOS: Avaliados de modo prospectivo, 208 pts submetidos à cirurgia para correção de fratura de fêmur e artroplastia de quadril ou de joelho. Foram 149 (71,6% mulheres e a idade média foi de 72,6 ± 8,8 anos. Os pacientes foram submetidos, no pré-operatório, à avaliação clínica convencional e estimativa do risco cirúrgico pela classificação da American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA. O BNP foi dosado no pré-operatório e avaliou-se a sua capacidade de predizer eventos cardíacos (morte, infarto agudo do miocárdio, angina instável, fibrilação atrial, taquicardia ventricular ou insuficiência cardíaca no PO, através de análise multivariada por regressão logística. RESULTADOS: Dezessete (8,0% pacientes apresentaram eventos cardíacos. A mediana de BNP foi significativamente maior nesses pacientes quando comparada a dos sem eventos cardíacos (93 [variação interquartil 73-424] vs 26,6 [13,2-53,1], p = 0,0001. O BNP foi o principal preditor independente de eventos (p = 0,01. A classificação da ASA não foi preditor independente. A análise de curva ROC demonstrou que para um corte de 60 pg/ml, o BNP apresentou sensibilidade de 76,0% e especificidade de 79,0% para predizer eventos, com área sob a curva de 83,0%. CONCLUSÃO: O BNP é um preditor independente de eventos cardíacos no PO de cirurgias ortopédicas.

Níveis séricos de vitamina D em mulheres e homens submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica : associação com atividade física e circunferência da cintura

OpenAIRE

Fernanda Dapper Machado

2016-01-01

Introdução: Níveis séricos baixos de 25-OH-vit D estão associados com a obesidade e têm sido descritos após a cirurgia bariátrica. Objetivo: O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a prevalência de deficiência de vitamina D em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica no período pré e pós-operatório e buscar por possíveis associações com variáveis que estejam relacionas à deficiência de vitamina D. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo longitudinal, retrospectivo, em 75 pacientes submetidos à cirurgi...

Radiographic evaluation of foals and ponies with abdominal disorders. 2. Findings in 60 patients with acute abdominal discomfort

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gerhards, H.; Klein, H.J.; Offeney, F.

1990-01-01

A diagnostic approach based on clinical and radiographic examinations for evaluation of young foals and small ponies with acute abdominal discomfort is presented. Standing right to left lateral abdominal radiographs were taken of 54 foals and 6 ponies using a previously described technique. Interpretation of the radiographs was in conjuction with all clinical and laboratory findings and patient management. Using this approach, the site and cause of acute abdominal discomfort could be diagnosed accurately in 55 of 60 (91%) patients as confirmed by clinical, surgical or PM findings. Typical radiographs and photographs taken at surgery or at PM examination are presented. Typical radiographic findings, their interpretation and possible underlying gastrointestinal diseases are listed. It is concluded that the incorporation of standing lateral abdominal radiography in the clinical evaluation of foals and ponies with acute abdominal diseases gives findings of high diagnostic significance and should contribute to clinical decision-making, and that abdominal radiography can replace data from rectal palpation in foals and ponies

Avaliação do edema macular após cirurgia não complicada de facoemulsificação com implante de lente intraocular por meio da tomografia de coerência óptica spectral domain

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Everton Paroschi Corrêa

2013-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar o edema macular após cirurgia não complicada de facoemulsificação com implante de lente intraocular por meio da tomografia de coerência óptica spectral domain (OCT-SD. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado estudo prospectivo em 62 olhos de pacientes submetidos à facoemulsificação com implante de lente intraocular. Os pacientes foram avaliados antes e após a cirurgia, no primeiro dia, e na primeira, segunda e quarta semanas. Acuidade visual (AV, células na câmara anterior e tomografia de coerência óptica macular cubo 200x200 foram medidos. RESULTADOS: Após a cirurgia de facoemulsificação houve melhora da acuidade visual, inflamação decrescente, e a espessura e o volume macular aumentaram. Ocorreu um caso de edema macular cistoide. Houve correlação inversa fraca entre a acuidade visual e a espessura macular central, e entre a acuidade visual e o volume macular. Foi observada correlação direta fraca entre a inflamação e o volume macular. CONCLUSÃO: Edema macular subclínico desenvolve-se mesmo após cirurgia de catarata não complicada em pacientes não predispostos. A tomografia de coerência óptica spectral domain foi capaz de detectar pequenos aumentos na espessura macular no período avaliado.

Influence of laparoscopy and laparotomy on gasometry, leukocytes and cytokines in a rat abdominal sepsis model Influência da laparoscopia e laparotomia na gasometria, leucócitos e citocinas em modelo de sepse abdominal em ratos

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Irami Araújo Filho

2006-04-01

Full Text Available PURPOSE: Laparoscopic surgery is associated with reduced surgical trauma, and less acute phase response, as compared with open surgery. Cytokines are important regulators of the biological response to surgical and anesthetic stress. The aim of this study was to determine if CO2 pneumoperitoneum would change cytokine expression, gas parameters and leukocyte count in septic rats. METHODS: Wistar rats were randomly assigned to five groups: control (anesthesia only, laparotomy, CO2 pneumoperitoneum, cecum ligation and puncture by laparotomy, and laparoscopic cecum ligation and puncture. After 30 min of the procedures, arterial blood samples were obtained to determine leukocytes subpopulations by hemocytometer. TNFalpha, IL-1beta, IL-6 were determined in intraperitoneal fluid (by ELISA. Gas parameters were measured on arterial blood, intraperitoneal and subperitoneal exsudates. RESULTS: Peritoneal TNFalpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 concentrations were lower in pneumoperitoneum rats than in all other groups (pOBJETIVO: A cirurgia laparoscópica está associada com trauma reduzido e baixa resposta na fase aguda do trauma, quando comparada com a cirurgia aberta. As citocinas e o balanço ácido-base são fatores importantes da resposta biológica ao trauma cirúrgico-anestésico. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar se o pneumoperitôneo com CO2 altera a expressão das citocinas, a gasometria e a contagem diferencial de leucócitos em ratos com sepse abdominal. MÉTODOS: Ratos Wistar foram aleatoriamente distribuídos em 5 grupos: controle (somente anestesia, laparotomia, pneumoperitôneo com CO2, ligadura e punção do ceco por laparotomia, ligadura e punção do ceco por laparoscopia. Após 30 minutos dos procedimentos, sangue arterial foi colhido para leucometria diferencial em hemocitômetro. TNFalfa, IL-1beta e IL-6 foram dosadas no líquido intraperitoneal (por ELISA. Os parâmetros gasosos foram medidos no sangue arterial e nos exsudatos

Abdominal Pain

Science.gov (United States)

... I find more information and related topics? Functional Abdominal Pain (English, French or Spanish)—from The North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (NASPGHAN). Gastro Kids , a ...

Evaluation of Forty-Nine Patients with Abdominal Tuberculosis

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Murat Kilic

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Aim: Abdominal tuberculosis is an uncommon form of extrapulmonary infection. In this study, we aimed to highlight the nonspecific clinical presentations and diagnostic difficulties of abdominal tuberculosis. Material and Method: Clinical features, diagnostic methods, and the therapeutic outcomes of 49 patients diagnosed as abdominal tuberculosis between 2003 and 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The patients were classified into four subgroups including peritoneal (28, nodal (14, intestinal (5, and solid organ tuberculosis (2. The most frequent symptoms were abdominal pain, abdominal distention and fatique. Ascites appeared to be the most frequent clinical finding. Ascites and enlarged abdominal lymph nodes were the most frequent findings on ultrasonography and tomography. Diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis was mainly depended on histopathology of ascitic fluid and biopsies from peritoneum, abdominal lymph nodes or colonoscopic materials. Forty patients healed with standart 6-month therapy while extended treatment for 9-12 months was needed in 8 whom had discontinued drug therapy and had persistent symptoms and signs. One patient died within the treatment period due to disseminated infection. Discussion: The diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis is often difficult due to diverse clinical presentations. The presence of ascites, personal/familial/contact history of tuberculosis, and coexisting active extraabdominal tuberculosis are the most significant marks in diagnosis. Diagnostic laparoscopy and tissue sampling seem to be the best diagnostic approach for abdominal tuberculosis.

Da transmissão hídrica a culicidiana: a febre amarela na sociedade de medicina e cirurgia de São Paulo

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Luiz Antônio Teixeira

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo trata das discussões sobre as formas de propagação da febre amarela ocorrida entre os anos de 1896 e 1900, na Sociedade de Medicina e Cirurgia de São Paulo, concentrando-se na figura do importante médico da época, Luis Pereira Barreto. Discutimos os principais argumentos defendidos pelos esculápios envolvidos nas controvérsias e mostra a contribuição da Sociedade no processo de aceitação da teoria de transmissão culicidiana da doença no Brasil.This paper deals with the discussions about the ways of yellow fever transmission that took place between the years of 1896 and 1900 in the Sociedade de Medicina e Cirurgia de São Paulo, and centers around the figure of one of the most important physicians of the period, Luis Pereira Barreto. It discusses the main arguments defended by the physicians involved in the controversies and shows the contribution of that society in the process of the acceptance of the theory of culicidean transmission of the disease in Brazil.

Speech resonance in orthognathic surgery in subjects with cleft lip and palate Ressonância da fala na cirurgia ortognática em indivíduos com fissura labiopalatina

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Trixy Cristina Niemeyer

2005-09-01

Full Text Available The main purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of maxillary advancement on speech resonance in subjects with cleft lip and palate. The study sample was composed of 42 subjects aged 16 to 41 years old with operated cleft palate ± lip submitted to maxillary advancement. Resonance was evaluated before and 3 to 12 months after surgery by perceptual analysis and graduated from absent to severe. It was observed that 47.5% of the subjects presented impairment of resonance after orthognathic surgery, with a confidence interval (at 95% from 31.5% to 63.9%. These results suggest that orthognathic surgery in individuals with cleft palate may interfere in resonance, causing, or increasing the degree of hypernasality. Therefore, this highlights the importance of the orientation about the risks and benefits of maxillary advancement surgery and follow-up of these patients.O propósito deste estudo foi verificar o impacto do avanço de maxila na ressonância de fala em sujeitos com fissura labiopalatina. A amostra do presente estudo foi composta por 42 sujeitos, entre 16 e 41 anos de idade, com fissura de palato associada ou não à de lábio submetidos ao avanço da maxila. A ressonância foi avaliada entre 3 e 12 meses após a cirurgia por análise e perceptual e graduada de ausente a severa. Observou-se que 47.5% dos sujeitos apresentaram prejuízo da ressonância após a cirurgia ortognática, com um intervalo de confiança (a 95% de 31.5% a 63.9%. Esses resultados sugerem que a cirurgia ortognática, em sujeitos com fissura palatina, pode interferir na ressonância, causando ou aumentando o grau de hipernasalidade. Portanto, isso elucida a importância da orientação sobre os riscos e benefícios da cirurgia de avanço da maxila e acompanhamento desses pacientes.

A Newborn With Abdominal Pain.

Science.gov (United States)

Alwan, Riham; Drake, Meredith; Gurria Juarez, Juan; Emery, Kathleen H; Shaaban, Aimen F; Szabo, Sara; Sobolewski, Brad

2017-11-01

A previously healthy 3-week-old boy presented with 5 hours of marked fussiness, abdominal distention, and poor feeding. He was afebrile and well perfused. His examination was remarkable for localized abdominal tenderness and distention. He was referred to the emergency department in which an abdominal radiograph revealed gaseous distention of the bowel with a paucity of gas in the pelvis. Complete blood cell count and urinalysis were unremarkable. His ongoing fussiness and abnormal physical examination prompted consultation with surgery and radiology. Our combined efforts ultimately established an unexpected diagnosis. Copyright © 2017 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.

Acute abdomen in children due to extra-abdominal causes.

Science.gov (United States)

Tsalkidis, Aggelos; Gardikis, Stefanos; Cassimos, Dimitrios; Kambouri, Katerina; Tsalkidou, Evanthia; Deftereos, Savas; Chatzimichael, Athanasios

2008-06-01

Acute abdominal pain in children is a common cause for referral to the emergency room and for subsequent hospitalization to pediatric medical or surgical departments. There are rare occasions when the abdominal pain is derived from extra-abdominal organs or systems. The aim of the present study was to establish the most common extra-abdominal causes of acute abdominal pain. The notes of all children (1 month-14 years of age) examined for acute abdominal pain in the Accident and Emergency (A&E) Department of Alexandroupolis District University Hospital in January 2001-December 2005 were analyzed retrospectively. Demographic data, clinical signs and symptoms, and laboratory findings were recorded, as well as the final diagnosis and outcome. Of a total number of 28 124 children who were brought to the A&E department, in 1731 the main complaint was acute abdominal pain. In 51 children their symptoms had an extra-abdominal cause, the most frequent being pneumonia (n = 15), tonsillitis (n = 10), otitis media (n = 9), and acute leukemia (n = 5). Both abdominal and extra-abdominal causes should be considered by a pediatrician who is confronted with a child with acute abdominal pain.

Automated segmentation and recognition of abdominal wall muscles in X-ray torso CT images and its application in abdominal CAD

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhou, X.; Kamiya, N.; Hara, T.; Fujita, H.; Chen, H.; Yokoyama, R.; Hoshi, H.

2007-01-01

The information of abdominal wall is very important for the planning of surgical operation and abdominal organ recognition. In research fields of computer assisted radiology and surgery and computer-aided diagnosis, the segmentation and recognition of the abdominal wall muscles in CT images is a necessary pre-processing step. Due to the complexity of the abdominal wall structure and indistinctive in CT images, the automated segmentation of abdominal wall muscles is a difficult issue and has not been solved completely. We propose an approach to segment the abdominal wall muscles and divide it into three categories (front abdominal muscles including rectus abdominis; left and right side abdominal muscles including external oblique, internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscles) automatically. The approach, first, makes an initial classification of bone, fat, and muscles and organs based on the CT number. Then a layer structure is generated to describe the 3-D anatomical structures of human torso by stretching the torso region onto a thin-plate for easy recognition. The abdominal wall muscles are recognized on the layer structures using the spatial relations to the skeletal structure and CT numbers. Finally, the recognized regions are mapped back to the 3-D CT images using an inverse transformation of the stretching process. This method is applied to 20 cases of torso CT images and evaluations are based on visual comparison of the recognition results and the original CT images by an expert in anatomy. The results show that our approach can segment and recognize abdominal wall muscle regions effectively. (orig.)

[Clinical Approach to Abdominal Pain as Functional Origin].

Science.gov (United States)

Ryu, Han Seung; Choi, Suck Chei

2018-02-25

Abdominal pain is a common symptom that patients refer to a hospital. Organic causes should be differentiated in patients with abdominal pain and treatment should be administered in accordance with the causes. A meticulous history taking and physical examination are highly useful in making a diagnosis, and blood tests, imaging modalities, and endoscopy are useful for confirming diagnosis. However, in many cases, patients have functional disorders with no obvious abnormal findings obtained even if many diagnostic tests are performed. Patients with functional disorders usually complain the vague abdominal pain located in the center and other portions of the abdominal area. Although the most representative disease is irritable bowel syndrome, functional abdominal pain syndrome is currently researched as a new disease entity of functional abdominal pain. As various receptors related to functional abdominal pain have been discovered, drugs associated with those receptors are used to treat the disorders, and additional new drugs are vigorously developed. In addition, medical therapy with pharmacological or non-pharmacological psychiatric treatment is effective for treating functional abdominal pain.

Mohs micrographic surgery: a study of 83 cases Cirurgia micrográfica de Mohs: estudo de 83 casos

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Flavianne Sobral Cardoso Chagas

2012-04-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Mohs micrographic surgery can achieve high cure rates in the treatment of skin cancer and remove a minimum of healthy tissue. OBJECTIVES: To characterize patients undergoing Mohs micrographic surgery and study issues related to the number of surgical stages. METHODS: A descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in a micrographic surgery reference center for the period of 2004 to 2010. Data was collected from medical records of 79 patients (83 surgeries. RESULTS: We studied 43 women and 36 men. The mean age was 57.5 ± 14,6 years. Skin types II and III were the most frequent, accounting for 41% and 36.1%, respectively. The most frequent tumor was the basal cell carcinoma (89.1%, and the solid subtype was the most common (44.6%, followed by sclerodermiform histological subtype (32%.The most frequent location was the nasal region (44.6%. The large majority of the operated tumors were recurrent lesions (72.7%. Half of the tumors measured 2 cm or more. In 68.7% of the cases two or more surgical stages were necessary for the removal of the tumors. The observation period was 2 or more years in 75% of the tumors. There was 01 post-Mohs recurrence and 02 patients had metastases during the observation period (both with squamous cell carcinoma. CONCLUSION: The findings coincide with those of the literature, recurrent tumors and tumors larger than 2cm needed more surgical stages for their removal, although there was no statistic difference (p=0,12 and 0,44 respectively.FUNDAMENTOS: A cirurgia micrográfica de Mohs é capaz de alcançar altas taxas de cura no tratamento do câncer de pele e remover o mínimo possível de tecido saudável. OBJETIVOS: caracterizar os pacientes submetidos à cirurgia micrográgica de Mohs e estudar aspectos relacionados ao número de fases cirúrgicas. MÉTODOS: trata-se de estudo observacional, transversal e descritivo realizado em serviço de referência para cirurgia micrográfica no per

Considerações anestésicas na cirurgia laparoscópica Anesthetic considerations in laparoscopic surgery

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Carla Maria Olivetti Corrêa

2008-09-01

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: Laparoscopias experimentais datam do início do século XX, mas somente a partir de 1960 é que começaram a ser experimentadas em humanos. Em 1985, na Alemanha, foi realizada a primeira colecistectomia e desde então a técnica teve grande divulgação e aceitação. O pneumoperitônio tem impacto em vários sistemas e tal deve ser considerado por ocasião da anestesia. OBJETIVO: Realizar revisão bibliográfica das alterações fisiológicas de interesse para o anestesiologista durante a cirurgia digestiva videolaparoscópica. MÉTODOS: Foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica em livros de anestesia disponíveis na biblioteca da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da UNICAMP e em artigos de interesse publicados a partir de 1990 no endereço eletrônico PubMed http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ usando-se os descritores: anestesia, cirurgia, laparoscopia. Vinte e seis artigos foram revisados e um capítulo de livro. CONCLUSÕES: A cirurgia digestiva laparoscópica foi grande avanço em razão do menor impacto pós-operatório com diminuição da dor pós-operatória, alta hospitalar e retorno às atividades laborativas precoces. Entretanto suas particularidades não devem ser negligenciadas e cuidados particulares devem ser tomados pelo anestesiologista em indivíduos hipovolêmicos e cardiopatas. A capnometria durante a intervenção é imperativa.INTRODUCTION: Experimental laparoscopy surgeries date of the beginning of the XX century but only in 1960 they started to be tried in humans. In 1985, in Germany, the first colecistectomy was carried through and since then the technique had large spreading and acceptance. The pneumoperitonium has impact in many systems and such must be considered during the anesthesia. AIM: To carry out a literature review of the physiological changes of interest for the anesthesiologist during the videolaparoscopy. METHODS: Bibliographical research was done in available anesthesia textbooks in the library in

Prevalência e fatores associados à obesidade abdominal em adolescentes Prevalencia y factores asociados a la obesidad abdominal en adolescentes Prevalence of abdominal obesity and associated factors in adolescents

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Marcelo Romanzini

2011-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Verificar a prevalência de obesidade abdominal e sua associação com fatores demográficos, econômicos e estilo de vida em adolescentes. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal conduzido em 644 adolescentes (397 do sexo feminino e 247 do masculino, de 15 a 19 anos. Foram coletadas informações demográficas (sexo e idade, econômicas (nível econômico e comportamentais (atividade física, alimentação, tabagismo e etilismo. A obesidade abdominal (desfecho foi determinada com base em pontos de corte para a circunferência de cintura, específicos ao sexo e à idade. A análise multivariada foi realizada por meio de regressão logística, estimando-se Odds Ratios (OR brutas e ajustadas, com intervalo de confiança de 95%. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de obesidade abdominal foi de 7,5%. Adolescentes do sexo masculino (OR 2,34; IC95% 1,27-4,32, de nível econômico intermediário (OR 2,89; IC95% 1,35-6,19 e alto (OR 2,98; IC95% 1,31-6,77 e que consumiam bebida alcoólica de forma abusiva (OR 2,12; IC95% 1,10-4,09 apresentaram maior chance de possuírem obesidade abdominal. CONCLUSÕES: A prevalência de obesidade abdominal foi baixa em comparação aos estudos internacionais. Ademais, encontrou-se que o sexo, o nível econômico e o consumo abusivo de álcool se associaram à obesidade abdominal.OBJETIVO: Verificar la prevalencia de obesidad abdominal y su asociación con factores demográficos, económicos y estilo de vida en adolescentes. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal conducido en 644 adolescentes (397 del sexo masculino y 247 del femenino de 15 a 18 años. Se recogieron informaciones demográficas (sexo, edad, económicas (nivel económico y comportamentales (actividad física, alimentación, tabaquismo, alcoholismo. La obesidad abdominal (desfecho fue determinada con base en puntos de corte para la circunferencia de la cintura, específicos al sexo y la edad. El análisis multivariado se realizó mediante regresión logística, estimando

Effect of abdominal resistance exercise on abdominal subcutaneous fat of obese women: a randomized controlled trial using ultrasound imaging assessments.

Science.gov (United States)

Kordi, Ramin; Dehghani, Saeed; Noormohammadpour, Pardis; Rostami, Mohsen; Mansournia, Mohammad Ali

2015-01-01

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of diet and an abdominal resistance training program to diet alone on abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness and waist circumference of overweight and obese women. This randomized clinical trial included 40 overweight and obese women randomly divided into 2 groups: diet only and diet combined with 12 weeks of abdominal resistance training. Waist and hip circumferences and abdominal skin folds of the subjects were measured at the beginning and 12 weeks after the interventions. In addition, abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness of the subjects was measured using ultrasonography. Percentage body fat and lean body mass of all the subjects were also measured using a bioelectric impedance device. After 12 weeks of intervention, the weight of participants in both groups decreased; but the difference between the 2 groups was not significant (P = .45). Similarly, other variables including abdominal subcutaneous fat, waist circumference, hip circumference, body mass index, body fat percentage, and skin fold thickness were reduced in both groups; but there were no significant differences between the groups. This study found that abdominal resistance training besides diet did not reduce abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness compared to diet alone in overweight or obese women. Copyright © 2015 National University of Health Sciences. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Economics of abdominal wall reconstruction.

Science.gov (United States)

Bower, Curtis; Roth, J Scott

2013-10-01

The economic aspects of abdominal wall reconstruction are frequently overlooked, although understandings of the financial implications are essential in providing cost-efficient health care. Ventral hernia repairs are frequently performed surgical procedures with significant economic ramifications for employers, insurers, providers, and patients because of the volume of procedures, complication rates, the significant rate of recurrence, and escalating costs. Because biological mesh materials add significant expense to the costs of treating complex abdominal wall hernias, the role of such costly materials needs to be better defined to ensure the most cost-efficient and effective treatments for ventral abdominal wall hernias. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Perforated peptic ulcer associated with abdominal compartment syndrome.

Science.gov (United States)

Lynn, Jiun-Jen; Weng, Yi-Ming; Weng, Chia-Sui

2008-11-01

Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) is defined as an increased intra-abdominal pressure with adverse physiologic consequences. Abdominal compartment syndrome caused by perforated peptic ulcer is rare owing to early diagnosis and management. Delayed recognition of perforated peptic ulcer with pneumoperitoneum, bowel distension, and decreased abdominal wall compliance can make up a vicious circle and lead to ACS. We report a case of perforated peptic ulcer associated with ACS. A 74-year-old man with old stroke and dementia history was found to have distended abdomen, edema of bilateral legs, and cyanosis. Laboratory tests revealed deterioration of liver and kidney function. Abdominal compartment syndrome was suspected, and image study was arranged to find the cause. The study showed pneumoperitoneum, contrast stasis in heart with decreased caliber of vessels below the abdominal aortic level, and diffuse lymphedema at the abdominal walls. Emergent laparotomy was performed. Perforated peptic ulcer was noted and the gastrorrhaphy was done. The symptoms, and liver and kidney function improved right after emergent operation.

Imaging in Tuberculosis abdominal

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Suarez, Tatiana; Garcia, Vanessa; Tamara, Estrada; Acosta, Federico

2010-01-01

In this article we illustrate and discuss imaging features resulting from Tuberculosis abdominal affectation. We present patients evaluated with several imaging modalities who had abdominal symptoms and findings suggestive of granulomatous disease. Diagnosis was confirm including hystopatology and clinical outgoing. Cases involved presented many affected organs such as lymphatic system, peritoneum, liver, spleen, pancreas, kidneys, ureters, adrenal glands and pelvic organs Tuberculosis, Tuberculosis renal, Tuberculosis hepatic, Tuberculosis splenic Tomography, x-ray, computed

Arnebia euchroma ointment can reduce abdominal fat thickness and abdominal circumference of overweight women: A randomized controlled study.

Science.gov (United States)

Siavash, Mansour; Naseri, Mohsen; Rahimi, Mojgan

2016-01-01

Obesity is a worldwide health problem which is associated with a lot of complications. One of these comorbidities is the metabolic syndrome that is in correlation with abdominal fat thickness and waist circumference. Various methods were used to reduce abdominal fat thickness such as liposuction. A noninvasive method is the topical agent. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of Arnebia euchroma (AE) ointment on the abdominal fat thickness. This study was a double-blind clinical trial which was done at the endocrinology clinic in Khorshid Hospital, Isfahan, Iran, in 2014. After explaining the procedure and obtaining informed consent, the candidates were randomly divided into the case and control groups. The participants of the case and control groups applied AE ointment or placebo for 6 weeks on their abdominal area. Body mass index, waist and buttock circumference, and abdominal fat thickness were measured in both case and control groups at their first visit and then at the next 2, 4, and 6 weeks. We used t -test for comparing parametric variables between groups, paired t -test for changes from baseline to final, and repeated measure ANOVA for changes at different steps. Sixty female candidates participated in this study (thirty in each group). Ten patients left the study and fifty participants finished the trial. At the end of the study, participants had a significant weight loss (2.96 ± 1.6 kg, P Abdominal circumference also decreased significantly in the participants (11.3 ± 6.7 cm, P abdominal fat thickness decreased significantly in the participants (2.3 ± 1.1 cm, P abdominal fat thickness as well as the waist circumference without causing any side effect.

Child abdominal tumour in tropical context: Think about schistosomiasis!

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A. M. Napon

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Schistosomiasis presenting as an abdominal mass with chronic pain in a child is not common. This report presents case of child presenting with schistosomiasis presenting as an abdominal mass with chronic pain. Abdominal ultrasonography did not particularly contribute to definitive pre-operative diagnosis. However, pathological examination of surgical specimen confirmed Schistosoma mansoni eggs in the biospy. A decrease in the mass volume was noticed under medical treatment (Biltricide. The aim of this report was to intimate clinicians on possible abdominal schistosomiasis as differential diagnosis of childhood abdominal mass. This is a clarion call for a high index of suspicion of childhood abdominal schistosomiasis in children presenting with abdominal mass in a tropical setting.

Soft-tissue masses in the abdominal wall

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bashir, U.; Moskovic, E.; Strauss, D.; Hayes, A.; Thway, K.; Pope, R.; Messiou, C.

2014-01-01

Masses involving the abdominal wall arise from a large number of aetiologies. This article will describe a diagnostic approach, imaging features of the most common causes of abdominal wall masses, and highly specific characteristics of less common diseases. A diagnostic algorithm for abdominal wall masses combines clinical history and imaging appearances to classify lesions

Avaliação dos resultados clínicos após cirurgia descompressiva em cães com doença de disco intervertebral Evaluation of clinical results of decompressive surgery in dogs with degenerative disk disease

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M.V.B. Arias

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Avaliaram-se os resultados clínicos após realização de cirurgia descompressiva em 45 cães com doença do disco intervertebral cervical ou toracolombar. Após a cirurgia, 35 cães (77,8% recuperaram-se totalmente, oito (17,8% parcialmente e dois (4,4% não apresentaram alteração do quadro inicial. Em oito cães com paraplegia e perda da sensibilidade dolorosa profunda houve completa melhora do quadro clínico, com recuperação total em 62,5% dos casos. Em quatro cães com tetraparesia, a cirurgia foi eficaz. A cirurgia descompressiva (slot cervical e hemilaminectomia toracolombar, com a retirada do material do disco do interior do canal vertebral, foi uma forma efetiva de gerar melhora do quadro funcional.Clinical results after decompressive surgery were evaluated in 45 dogs with cervical or thoracolumbar intervertebral disk disease. After surgery, 35 dogs recovered totally, eight (17.8% partially, and two (4.4% did not present any change in clinical findings. Eight dogs with paraplegy and loss of deep pain perception showed improvement, with total recovering in 62.5% of cases. Surgery was effective in four dogs with tetraparesy. Decompressive surgery (cervical slot or hemilaminectomy, with removal of disk material from inside the vertebral canal, was an effective form to produce functional improvement in dogs with this disease.

Abdominal Compartment Syndrome in Surgical Patients

African Journals Online (AJOL)

abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome, affect ... timely surgical intervention is crucial. Key words: .... On the second postoperative day, he was noted to be restless ... Although surgery is very effective in managing ACS.

Recurrent abdominal pain: when an epileptic seizure should be suspected? Dor abdominal recorrente: quando suspeitar de crise epiléptica?

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Renata C. Franzon

2002-09-01

Full Text Available Recurrent episodes of abdominal pain are common in childhood. Among the diagnostic possibilities are migraine and abdominal epilepsy (AE. AE is an infrequent syndrome with paroxystic episodes of abdominal pain, awareness disturbance, EEG abnormalities and positive results with the introduction of antiepileptic drugs. We present one 6 year-old girl who had short episodes of abdominal pain since the age of 4. The pain was followed by cry, fear and occasionally secondary generalization. MRI showed tumor in the left temporal region. As a differential diagnosis, we report a 10 year-old boy who had long episodes of abdominal pain accompanied by blurring of vision, vertigo, gait ataxia, dysarthria, acroparesthesias and vomiting. He received the diagnosis of basilar migraine. In our opinion, AE is part of a large group (partial epilepsies and does not require a special classification. Pediatric neurologists must be aware of these two entities that may cause abdominal pain.Episódios recorrentes de dor abdominal são freqüentes na infância e entre as causas neurológicas há migrânea e epilepsia abdominal (EA. EA é uma síndrome que consiste de episódios paroxísticos de dor abdominal associada à alteração de consciência, anormalidades eletrencefalográficas e boa resposta à terapia anticonvulsivante. Apresentamos uma menina de 6 anos que tinha desde os 4 anos episódios de curta duração de dor abdominal, seguidos por choro, medo e ocasional generalização secundária. A RM mostrou a presença de um tumor em região temporal esquerda. Como diagnóstico diferencial, apresentamos um menino de 10 anos que há 12 meses referia episódios de dor abdominal de longa duração acompanhados por turvação visual, vertigem, marcha atáxica, disartria, acroparestesia e vômito, recebendo posteriormente o diagnóstico de migrânia basilar. Em nossa opinião, EA faz parte de um grande grupo (epilepsias parciais e não requer uma classificação especial

Cuidados imediatos no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca Immediate post-operative care following cardiac surgery

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Paulo Ramos David João

2003-11-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Apresentar uma rotina de atendimento para crianças submetidas à cirurgia cardíaca. FONTES DOS DADOS: Realizada revisão bibliográfica através de bancos de dados (Medline, Mdconsult, PubMed, analisando as condutas sugeridas por diversos serviços fora do Brasil e comparando com a rotina de atendimento no Hospital Infantil Pequeno Príncipe, de Curitiba, onde foram realizadas cerca de 8.000 cirurgias cardíacas desde 1977 até abril de 2003. SÍNTESE DOS DADOS: O serviço citado é referência em cardiologia e cirurgia cardíaca no estado do Paraná e estados vizinhos. A evolução das condições de diagnóstico, preparo da equipe clínica e cirúrgica, unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI melhor equipada com monitorização mais avançada, equipe da UTI com pessoal treinado em todas as áreas para fazer pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca, estrutura hospitalar adequada, oferecendo atendimento avançado em todas as especialidades pediátricas e paramédicas, fazem com que o resultado das intervenções cirúrgicas realizadas em crianças com cardiopatias congênitas ou adquiridas, principalmente nos recém-nascidos e lactentes jovens com cardiopatias complexas, apresente sensível melhora quando comparado com anos anteriores. CONCLUSÃO: As crianças com cardiopatias, principalmente as complexas, devem ser encaminhadas para um local que seja centro de referência, onde haja condições para um atendimento global no pré, per e pós-operatório.OBJECTIVE: To present a care routine for children submitted to heart surgery. SOURCE OF DATA: Literature review of Medscape, MD Consult and PubMed. Analysis of the suggested conducts adopted by various services from different countries and comparison with the care routine at the Pequeno Príncipe Children's Hospital (Curitiba, state of Paraná, where approximately 8,000 heart surgeries were performed in children from 1977 to April 2003. SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS: Our hospital is a reference

Radiological evaluation of abdominal trauma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ahn, K. S.; Cho, Y. H.; Kim, O.

1982-01-01

Simple abdomen film has played an important role in decision of emergency operations in patients with the abdominal trauma. Nowadays, it still acts as a primary and inevitable processes in emergency condition. At the Department of Radiology, Hanil Hospital, 70 patients, who were laparotomied due to penetrating or nonpernetraing abdominal trauma, were observed and analyzed with simple abdomen film after comparison with the operative findings. The results are as follows: 1. Most frequent age distribution was 10 to 39 years and marked 70%. Male was in 90% incidence. 2. Penetrating injury largely involved the small bowel and abdominal wall. Non-penetrating injury usually involved the spleen, small bowel, liver, kidney, pancreas, duodenum. 3. Single organ injury occurred in higher incidence at the small bowel and abdominal wall. Multiple organ injury occurred in higher incidence at the spleen, liver, kidney and pancreas. 4. Organ distribution was 26% in spleen, 22% in small bowel, 14% in liver, 11% in abdominal wall. 7% in pancreas, 7% in kidney. 5% in duodenum, 4% in GB and CBD, 2% in diaphragm, 2% in colon, and 1% in stomach. 5. The specific roentgen findings and their frequency which useful in differential diagnosis at abdominal trauma, were as follows: a) flank fluid; Detectable possibility was 71% in liver laceration, 69% in spleen laceration and 57% in pancreas laceration. b) ipsilateral psoas shadow obliteration; Detectable possibility was 57% in liver laceration, 57% in kidney laceration and 46% in spleen laceration. c) free air; Detactable possibility was 60% in duodenal perforation, and 36% in peroration of upper part of small bowel. d) Reflex ileus; Detectable possibility was 64% in small bowel, 50% in liver laceration and 35% in spleen laceration. e) rib fracture; Detactable possibility was 36% in liver laceration and 23% in spleen laceration. f) pleural effusion; Detectable possibility was 29% in liver laceration and 27% in spleen laceration

Experiência brasileira inicial em cirurgia da obesidade robô - assistida Brazilian experience in obesity surgery robot-assisted

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ricardo Zugaib Abdalla

2012-03-01

Full Text Available RACIONAL: As técnicas minimamente invasivas associaram-se à cirurgia bariátrica propiciando redução na agressão aos órgãos e sistemas. A robótica é uma nova possibilidade dentro do conceito de mínima invasão. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a experiência inicial da robótica em cirurgia da obesidade. MÉTODOS: Foram operados 27 pacientes no mesmo hospital, pela mesma equipe, com o mesmo sistema cirúrgico que foi Da Vinci S. RESULTADOS: Foram realizadas seis colocações de banda gástrica, cinco gastrectomias verticais e 16 septações gástricas com by-pass em Y-de-Roux. Ocorreu uma complicação importante e nenhum óbito. CONCLUSÕES: A via robótica mostrou-se segura durante experiência inicial, propiciando maior facilidade durante o procedimento em pacientes obesos.BACKGROUND: Minimally invasive techniques were associated with bariatric surgery, leading to a decrease in aggression to the organs and systems. Robotic surgery is a new possibility within the concept of minimal invasion. AIM: To evaluate the initial experience of robotic surgery for obesity. METHODS: Twenty seven patients were operated in the same hospital, by the same team with the same surgical system, Da Vinci S. RESULTS: Were performed six gastric band placement , five sleeve gastrectomies and 16 gastric bypasses. There was one major complication and no death in this series. CONCLUSIONS: The robotic surgery for obesity surgery was safe during the initial experience.

Imagem corporal, ansiedade e depressão em pacientes obesos submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica Body image, anxiety and depression in obese patients submitted to bariatric surgery

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Sebastião Sousa Almeida

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Pacientes obesos mórbidos têm recorrido à cirurgia bariátrica como um recurso eficaz para perder peso. Entretanto, este procedimento pode causar alterações comportamentais significativas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar os níveis de ansiedade e depressão, assim como as mudanças sofridas na percepção da imagem corporal em pacientes obesos submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica em três momentos: pré-operatório, 6 meses e 12 meses após a cirurgia. Trata-se de um estudo do tipo prospectivo longitudinal, de abordagem quantitativa. No estudo foram aplicados os Inventários de Depressão e Ansiedade de Beck e a Escala Brasileira de Figuras de Silhuetas para Adultos. A cirurgia diminuiu significativamente tanto o índice de massa corporal dos pacientes quanto a insatisfação com a sua imagem corporal. Essa perda de peso e diminuição da insatisfação com a imagem corporal foi acompanhada de redução nos níveis de ansiedade e depressão, o que sugere que estes são fatores importantes no quadro obesidade.Morbidly obese patients often have resorted to bariatric surgery as an effective resource to be used for weight loss. However, this procedure can cause significant behavioral changes. The objective of this study was to investigate levels of anxiety and depression, as well as the changes suffered in the perception of body image in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery at three different times: preoperatively, 6 months and 12 months after surgery. This is a prospective longitudinal study of a quantitative approach. The study used the Beck Depression Inventory, the Beck Anxiety Inventory and the Brazilian Scale of Figures Silhouettes for Adults. Surgery significantly decreased both the body mass index of patients and dissatisfaction with their body image. This weight loss and decreased body image dissatisfaction was accompanied by reduced levels of anxiety and depression, suggesting that these are important factors in the

Roentgenologic evaluation of blunt abdominal trauma

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lee, Yong Zoon; Ra, Woo Youn; Woo, Won Hyung [Hankang Sacred heart Hospital, Chung Ang University School of Medicine, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

1974-10-15

This study comprises 25 cases of blunt abdominal trauma proved by surgery. It is concluded that visceral damage by blunt abdominal trauma may be suspected, but can not be satisfactorily diagnosed upon a single plane abdominal roentgenologic examination with clinical support. Contrary to some reports in the literature, rupture of the hallow, viscus is more susceptible than solid organ and ileum is more than jejunum. It is a useful roentgenologic sign denoting distension and small cresent air shadow in the duodenal sweep of the damaged pancreas.

The value of intra-abdominal pressure monitoring through ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hypertension after abdominal closure (8%) and only one of ... Ann Pediatr. Surg 13:69–73 c 2017 Annals of Pediatric Surgery. Annals of ... intra-abdominal hypertension ..... measurements as a guide in the closure of abdominal wall defects.

The efficacy of adhesiolysis on chronic abdominal pain

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Gerner-Rasmussen, Jonas; Burcharth, Jakob; Gögenur, Ismail

2015-01-01

INTRODUCTION: Abdominal adhesions are a frequent reason for chronic abdominal pain. The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the evidence of performing laparoscopic adhesiolysis as a treatment for patients with chronic abdominal pain. METHODS: Medline, Embase, and The Cochrane Cen...... Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched for trials performing lysis of adhesions on patients suffering from chronic abdominal pain. Clinical studies on patients being treated for chronic abdominal pain with surgical adhesiolysis were included. The main outcome of the study...... chronic abdominal pain. A total of 22 trials were identified as case-series and included no control group. Three studies were identified as randomized controlled trials (RCT). A benefit of the intervention varied from 16 to 88 % in the non-randomized studies, with the majority reporting pain relief...... no difference between the intervention and control group. CONCLUSION: The identified studies showed promising but preliminary results of laparoscopic adhesiolysis as a treatment of chronic abdominal pain. The evidence for laparoscopic adhesiolysis is not sufficient to make definitive conclusions....

Ecografía abdominal dedicada al trauma (FAST

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Dr. O. Víctor Dinamarca

2013-01-01

El lavado peritoneal diagnóstico ha sido el gold standard para diagnóstico de hemoperitoneo, con una tasa de complicaciones de hasta un 10%. La ecografía abdominal focalizada para trauma abdominal o ecografía FAST (focused abdominal sonography for trauma es una herramienta accesible, portátil, no invasiva y confiable para el diagnóstico de la presencia o ausencia de líquido en el abdomen. Este artículo describe la técnica de la ecografía abdominal focalizada para el trauma abdominal cerrado, su utilización clínica, ventajas y limitaciones.

Avaliação da frequência em consultas nutricionais dos pacientes após cirurgia bariátrica

OpenAIRE

Menegotto,Ana Luiza Savaris; Cruz,Magda Rosa Ramos; Soares,Fernando Lucas; Nunes,Mario Gilberto Jesus; Branco-Filho,Alcides José

2013-01-01

RACIONAL: Com o crescimento das intervenções cirúrgicas para reduzir a obesidade, há necessidade de acompanhamento nutricional periódico a longo prazo para garantir o estado nutricional dos pacientes. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a adesão ao acompanhamento nutricional periódico dos pacientes submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica. MÉTODOS: Foram coletados dados das fichas de cadastro do serviço de nutrição de pacientes que realizaram operação bariátrica entre 2001 e 2008. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliadas 469 ficha...

Intra-abdominal pressure: an integrative review.

Science.gov (United States)

Milanesi, Rafaela; Caregnato, Rita Catalina Aquino

2016-01-01

There is a growing request for measuring intra-abdominal pressure in critically ill patients with acute abdominal pain to be clarified. Summarizing the research results on measurement of vesical intra-abdominal pressure and analyzing the level of evidence were the purposes of this integrative literature review, carried out based on the databases LILACS, MEDLINE and PubMed, from 2005 to July 2012. Twenty articles were identified, in that, 12 literature reviews, 4 descriptive and exploratory studies, 2 expert opinions, one prospective cohort study and one was an experience report. The vesical intra-abdominal pressure measurement was considered gold standard. There are variations in the technique however, but some common points were identified: complete supine position, in absence of abdominal contracture, in the end of expiration and expressed in mmHg. Most research results indicate keeping the transducer zeroed at the level of the mid-axillary line at the iliac crest level, and instill 25mL of sterile saline. Strong evidence must be developed. RESUMO Em pacientes críticos com quadros abdominais agudos a esclarecer é crescente a solicitação da aferição da pressão intra-abdominal. Sintetizar resultados de pesquisas sobre a mensuração da pressão intra-abdominal pela via vesical e analisar o nível de evidência foram os objetivos desta revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada nas bases LILACS, MEDLINE e PubMed, no período de 2005 a julho de 2012. Identificaram-se 20 artigos, sendo 12 revisões de literatura, 4 estudos exploratório-descritivos, 2 opiniões de especialistas, 1 estudo de coorte prospectivo e 1 relato de experiência. O método vesical para mensuração da pressão intra-abdominal foi considerado padrão-ouro. Existem variações na técnica, entretanto pontos em comum foram identificados: posição supina completa, na ausência de contratura abdominal, ao final da expiração e expressa em mmHg. A maioria indica posicionar o ponto zero do

Abdominal tuberculosis: clinical presentation and outcome

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kumar, R.; Saddique, M.; Iqbal, P.

2007-01-01

To study the clinical presentation and outcome of cases of Abdominal Tuberculosis. Fifty four patients of Abdominal Tuberculosis were seen during the study period. Four patients were lost to follow-up, which were excluded. Detailed information of all the patients including age, sex, symptoms, signs, investigations and management was recorded, analyzed and compared with local and international data. Out of the 50 patients with Abdominal Tuberculosis, 31 were females and 19 males. Their ages ranged from 17 to 63 years, with a mean age of 25.1 years. Thirty five cases were admitted through Emergency and 15 through Outpatients departments. Abdominal pain was the most common symptom found in 44 (88%) patients followed by vomiting in 33 (66%). Abdominal tenderness was seen in 22 (44%) patients, while 16 (32%) patients had rigidity and other features of peritonitis. Surgery was performed in all these patients, limited right hemicolectomy in 17 (34%), segmental resection and anastomosis in 12 (24%), ileostomy and strictureplasty in six (12%) each, repair of perforation in five (10%) and adhesiolysis in four (8%) patients. Overall mortality was 8% due to septicaemia and multiorgan failure. Abdominal Tuberculosis is a significant clinical entity with lethal complications in neglected cases. It affects a younger age group and is more common in females. Clinical features are rather non-specific but vague ill health, low grade fever, weight loss and anorexia may help to diagnose the case. (author)

Value of abdominal CT in the emergency department for patients with abdominal pain

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rosen, Max P.; Siewert, Bettina; Bromberg, Rebecca; Raptopoulos, Vassilios; Sands, Daniel Z.; Edlow, Jonathan

2003-01-01

The purpose of our study is to demonstrate the value of CT in the emergency department (ED) for patients with non-traumatic abdominal pain. Between August 1998 and April 1999, 536 consecutive patients with non-traumatic abdominal pain were entered into our study. Using a computer order entry system, physicians were asked to identify: (a) their most likely diagnosis; (b) their level of certainty in their diagnosis; (c) if they thought CT would be normal or abnormal; (d) their treatment plan (prior to knowledge of the CT results); and (e) their role in deciding to order CT. This information was correlated with each patient's post-CT diagnosis and subsequent management. Pre- and post-CT diagnoses were concordant in 200 of 536 (37%) patients. The physicians' certainty in the accuracy of their pre-CT diagnosis was less than high in 88% of patients. Prior to CT, the management plan included hospital admission for 402 patients. Following CT, only 312 patients were actually admitted; thus, the net impact of performing CT was to obviate the need for hospital admission in 90 of 536 (17%) of patients with abdominal pain. Prior to CT, 67 of 536 (13%) of all patients would have undergone immediate surgery; however, following CT only 25 (5%) actually required immediate surgery. Among patients with the four most common pre-CT diagnoses (appendicitis, abscess, diverticulitis, and urinary tract stones) CT had the greatest impact on hospital admission and surgical management for patients with suspected appendicitis. For patients with suspected appendicitis, CT reduced the hospital admission rate in 28% (26 of 91) of patients and changed the surgical management in 40% (39 of 91) of patients. Our study demonstrates the advantage of performing abdominal CT in the ED for patients with non-traumatic abdominal pain. (orig.)

Ectopic intra-abdominal fascioliasis

OpenAIRE

ÖNGÖREN, Ali Ulvi

2009-01-01

Human fascioliasis, caused by Fasciola hepatica, is emerging as an important chronic zoonotic disease in many areas of the world, including Turkey. It primarily involves the liver and may also cause severe damage in the tissue. Herein we report on a patient with ectopic intra-abdominal fascioliasis that presented to our clinic with abdominal pain and distention. Physical and radiological examination as well as an exploratory laparotomy revealed a 10 × 10-cm mass in the splenic flexura of the ...

Abdominal cerebrospinal fluid pseudocyst

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pathi, Ramon; Sage, Michael; Slavotinek, John; Hanieh, Ahmad

2004-01-01

A case of an abdominal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pseudocyst in a patient with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt is reported to illustrate this known but rare complication. In the setting of a VP shunt, the frequency of abdominal CSF pseudocyst formation is approximately 3.2%, often being precipitated by a recent inflammatory or infective process or recent surgery. Larger pseudocysts tend to be sterile, whereas smaller pseudocysts are more often infected. Ultrasound and CTeach have characteristic findings Copyright (2004) Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd

Recent advances in the management of abdominal compartment syndrome

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Saleem, T.B.; Ahmed, I.

2004-01-01

Abdominal compartment syndrome is a systemic syndrome involving derangement in cardiovascular hemodynamics, respiratory and renal function as a result of sustained increase in intra-abdominal pressure. This results in multi-organ failure requiring prompt action and treatment. Presentation can be acute, chronic and acute on chronic. Initial diagnosis is clinical, confirmed by measurement of urinary bladder pressure. Treatment is abdominal decompression by laparostomy and delayed abdominal closure. Awareness among the surgeons has increased because laparoscopy has resulted in determination of intra-abdominal pressure as a readily measurable quantity. They have been able to appreciate the benefit of abdominal decompression by performing repeated planned laparotomies for trauma. (author)

Computerized abdominal tomography in Wilson's disease

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tsuchikura, Keiko; Ogawa, Teruyuki; Nakajima, Akihisa; Ono, Yasuhiko

1986-05-01

Cranial and abdominal computerized tomography (CT) was performed in a 10-year-old boy with Wilson's disease complicated by liver cirrhosis. Abdominal CT showed diffuse high density areas over the whole part of the liver propably due to copper sediments, although there was no abnormal cranial CT findings. Decreased high density area of the liver was seen 60 days after the administration of D-penicillamine, suggesting the excretion of copper from the liver. Abdominal CT, as well as cranial CT, may be of help to diagnose Wilson's disease and evaluate therapeutic effects. (Namekawa, K.).

Development of control system in abdominal operating ROV

OpenAIRE

ZHANG Weikang; WANG Guanxue; XU Guohua; LIU Chang; SHEN Xiong

2017-01-01

In order to satisfy all the requirements of Unmanned Underwater Vehicle(UUV)recovery tasks, a new type of abdominal operating Remote Operated Vehicle(ROV) was developed. The abdominal operating ROV is different from the general ROV which works by a manipulator, as it completes the docking and recovery tasks of UUVs with its abdominal operating mechanism. In this paper, the system composition and principles of the abdominal operating ROV are presented. We then propose a framework for a control...

Abdominal pregnancy - Case presentation.

Science.gov (United States)

Bohiltea, R; Radoi, V; Tufan, C; Horhoianu, I A; Bohiltea, C

2015-01-01

Abdominal pregnancy, a rare diagnosis, belongs to the ectopic pregnancy group, the leading cause of pregnancy related exitus. The positive diagnosis is very difficult to establish most often in an acute setting, leading to a staggering percent of feto-maternal morbidity and mortality. We present the case of 26-weeks-old abdominal pregnancy with partial feto-placental detachment in a patient, after hysteroscopy and in vitro fertilization, which until the acute symptoms that led to emergency laparotomy went unrecognized. The patient recovered completely and satisfactorily after surgery and, due to the high risk of uterine rupture with regard to a second pregnancy, opted for a surrogate mother. Abdominal pregnancy can be regarded as a difficult to establish diagnosis, with a greater chance in case of increased awareness. It is compulsory to be well informed in order not to be surprised by the diagnosis and to apply the correct treatment immediately as the morbidity and mortality rate is elevated.

Treatment strategy for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Science.gov (United States)

Davidovic, L

2014-07-01

Rupture is the most serious and lethal complication of the abdominal aortic aneurysm. Despite all improvements during the past 50 years, ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms are still associated with very high mortality. Namely, including patients who die before reaching the hospital, the mortality rate due to abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture is 90%. On the other hand, during the last twenty years, the number of abdominal aortic aneurysms significantly increased. One of the reasons is the fact that in majority of countries the general population is older nowadays. Due to this, the number of degenerative AAA is increasing. This is also the case for patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture. Age must not be the reason of a treatment refusal. Optimal therapeutic option ought to be found. The following article is based on literature analysis including current guidelines but also on my Clinics significant experience. Furthermore, this article show cases options for vascular medicine in undeveloped countries that can not apply endovascular procedures at a sufficient level and to a sufficient extent. At this moment the following is evident. Thirty-day-mortality after repair of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms is significantly lower in high-volume hospitals. Due to different reasons all ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms are not suitable for EVAR. Open repair of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm should be performed by experienced open vascular surgeons. This could also be said for the treatment of endovascular complications that require open surgical conversion. There is no ideal procedure for the treatment of AAA. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages, its own limits and complications, as well as indications and contraindications. Future reductions in mortality of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms will depend on implementation of population-based screening; on strategies to prevent postoperative organ injury and also on new medical technology

Actinomycosis mimicking abdominal neoplasm. Case report

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Waaddegaard, P; Dziegiel, M

1988-01-01

In a patient with a 6-month history of nonspecific abdominal complaints, preoperative examination indicated malignant disease involving the right ovary, rectum and sigmoid, but laparotomy revealed abdominal actinomycosis. Removal of the ovary and low anterior colonic resection followed by penicil...

DYNAMICS OF HOSPITALIZATION OF PATIENTS WITH ACUTE SURGICAL PATHOLOGY OF ABDOMINAL AND ABDOMINAL ORGANS IN KUZBASS

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Валерий Иванович Подолужный

2018-03-01

Full Text Available Publications of recent years do not reflect the regional dynamics of hospitalization of patients with acute surgical pathology of the abdominal cavity and anterior abdominal wall. Goal – to determine the volume of hospitalizations and treatment of patients with acute surgical pathology of the abdominal and anterior abdominal wall in the Kuzbass in the dynamics from 1993 to 2016. Materials and methods. A comparative analysis of the volume of treatment of patients with acute appendicitis, acute cholecystitis, acute pancreatitis, intestinal obstruction, perforated ulcer of the stomach and duodenum and strangulated hernia in surgical departments of Kuzbass from 1993 to 2016 to understand the changes occurring in abdominal surgery. Estimated in the comparative aspect for two decades (1993-2002 and 2007-2016 the average annual number of treated. The estimation of indicators in calculation on 100000 population is executed. The statistical processing was carried out using IBM SPSS Statistica computer version 24 and the nonparametric Mann-Whitney test. Result. Statistically significantly decreased the number of patients with acute appendicitis and perforated ulcers of the stomach and duodenum. The average annual hospitalization of patients with acute pancreatitis and strangulated abdominal hernias has significantly increased in the last decade. There are no significant differences in the increase in the total number of patients with acute cholecystitis and acute intestinal obstruction. Conclusions: 1. Over the past decade compared with 1993-2002, the incidence of acute appendicitis per 100000 thousand of the population decreased in the region by 39.9 %, the incidence of perforated gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer by 30.2 %. 2. At this time, the number of people treated with 100000 people with acute pancreatitis increased by 94.7 %; with acute cholecystitis by 12.4 %; with an acute intestinal obstruction by 9.8 % and with a strangulated

Computed tomographic evaluation of abdominal fat in minipigs.

Science.gov (United States)

Chang, Jinhwa; Jung, Joohyun; Lee, Hyeyeon; Chang, Dongwoo; Yoon, Junghee; Choi, Mincheol

2011-03-01

Computed tomography (CT) exams were conducted to determine the distribution of abdominal fat identified based on the CT number measured in Hounsfield Units (HU) and to measure the volume of the abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat in minipigs. The relationship between the CT-based fat volumes of several vertebral levels and the entire abdomen and anthropometric data including the sagittal abdominal diameter and waist circumference were evaluated. Moreover, the total fat volumes at the T11, T13, L3, and L5 levels were compared with the total fat volume of the entire abdomen to define the landmark of abdominal fat distribution. Using a single-detector CT, six 6-month-old male minipigs were scanned under general anesthesia. Three radiologists then assessed the HU value of visceral and subcutaneous abdominal fat by drawing the region of interest manually at the T11, T13, L1, L3, and L5 levels. The CT number and abdominal fat determined in this way by the three radiologists was found to be correlated (intra-class coefficient = 0.9). The overall HU ranges for the visceral and subcutaneous fat depots were -147.47 to -83.46 and -131.62 to -90.97, respectively. The total fat volume of the entire abdomen was highly correlated with the volume of abdominal fat at the T13 level (r = 0.97, p abdominal adipose tissue measured at the T13 level using CT is a strong and reliable predictor of total abdominal adipose volume.

Dynamic CT in the abdominal organ, 1

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fukuda, Kunihiko

1980-01-01

By utilizing a 4.5-second CT (computed tomography) scanner which allows sequential scans the changes of the iodine concentration in abdominal organs can be observed as dynamics reflected in CT number. The abdominal dynamic CT was performed as following method. After performing the preliminary scan 50ml of 60% meglumine iothalamate was rapidly injected intravenously by hands. The sequential scanning was initiated when a half dose of contrast medium was injected. In completion of the 4 sequential scans under arrested respiration the conventional post contrast scanning was performed. The analysis of 112 cases dynamically studied by CT came to the following conclusion. CT number of the abdominal aorta was greatest on the 1st or 2nd scan of the sequential scans (7.5 - 20.5 seconds after initiation of injection). Following this peak formation, CT number of the abdominal aorta declined rapidly due to both prompt diffusion of contrast medium into the extravascular space and dilution by the intravascular fluid. Iodine concentration of the abdominal aorta during the peak period was calculated as 11.3 mg/ml by the present method, being theoretically sufficient for delineation of the vessels smaller than medium size. In the patients with impaired renal function, several characteristic patterns were noted on the dynamics of contrast medium within the abdominal organs. The abdominal dynamic CT was felt to be promissing for evaluation of the renal function. (author)

Contemporary imaging in abdominal emergencies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sivit, Carlos J.

2008-01-01

Imaging is often a fundamental part in the evaluation of an injured or ill child. A variety of imaging modalities (radiography, angiography/fluoroscopy, sonography, CT, magnetic resonance imaging and scintigraphy) are among the options. CT is worth focused attention because of its usefulness in a variety of emergency department settings, its increasing use, and its potential radiation risks. CT plays an important role in the evaluation of traumatic and nontraumatic abdominal emergencies in children. Therefore, the goal of this paper is to review current imaging approaches and controversies in the evaluation of common acute abdominal emergencies. Through discussion of various modalities, especially CT in evaluation of abdominal pain and trauma, the relative advantages and disadvantages including radiation risk will be reviewed. (orig.)

Aggressive malignant abdominal mesothelioma: Clinical report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Al-Hassan, Ahmad M.; Al-Saigh, Abdulrehman A.

2004-01-01

A 32-year-old Filipino female, working as an x-ray technician, presented to the Emergency Room (ER) with acute abdominal pain for one day. The pain was mainly on the left side and left hypochondrium. She had recurring abdominal pain before but not significant to worry her. She also complained of abdominal distension, which she noticed one week ago. Abdominal examination revealed fullness in the left hypochondrium with marked tenderness but negative rebound. Abdominal ultrasound (US) showed a huge mass mainly in the left hypochondrium. The origin of the mass cannot be identified by US. A computerized tomography scan showed a mass in the left side of the abdomen crossing the midline with a necrotic centre. The hospital course of the patient runs smoothly, and she was discharged after 7-days and referred to an Oncology Center. Abdominal mesothelioma is a neoplasm arising from the mesothelial surface lining the abdominal cavity. It is less frequent than that of the pleura. It is a rapidly growing and fatal malignancy with a median survival of less than 1-year. The relation between pleural malignant mesothelioma and asbestos is well recognized since it was described in 19602 but implication of asbestos exposure in the etiology of the peritoneal type is less obvious. This patient history is giving no obvious exposure to asbestos but as she is working in the Radiology Department as an x-ray technician she is well exposed to x-ray, but the effect of radioactivity on induction of mesothelioma is still disputed.4 There are several reports linking malignant mesothelioma to radioactivity due to radiation therapy.The fibrous mesothelioma (sarcomatous), as in this case, which is difficult to diagnose microscopically, looks like a fibroma, unless helped by tissue culture. The treatment options of malignant mesothelioma include surgery, intraperitoneal chemotherapy and whole abdominal radiation or multimodality therapy, which were suggested that might prolong the survival in

Abdominal alterations in disseminated paracoccidioidomycosis: computed tomography findings

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Vermelho, Marli Batista Fernandes; Correia, Ademir Silva; Michailowsky, Tania Cibele de Almeida; Suzart, Elizete Kazumi Kuniyoshi; Ibanes, Aline Santos; Almeida, Lanamar Aparecida; Khoury, Zarifa; Barba, Mario Flores, E-mail: marlivermelho@globo.com [Instituto de Infectologia Emilio Ribas (IIER), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)

2015-03-15

Objective: to evaluate the incidence and spectrum of abdominal computed tomography imaging findings in patients with paracoccidioidomycosis. Materials and methods: retrospective analysis of abdominal computed tomography images of 26 patients with disseminated paracoccidioidomycosis. Results: abnormal abdominal tomographic findings were observed in 18 patients (69.2%), while no significant finding was observed in the other 8 (30.8%) patients. Conclusion: computed tomography has demonstrated to play a relevant role in the screening and detection of abdominal abnormalities in patients with disseminated paracoccidioidomycosis. (author)

Correlações entre a densitometria do cristalino através da imagem de Scheimplufg, tempo e gasto de energia na cirurgia de facoemulsificação

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bruno de Freitas Valbon

2011-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO:Correlacionar a densitometria do cristalino(PNS - patient nuclear scorepor meio da imagem de Scheimplufgcom o tempo de facoemulsificação e o gasto de energia. MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional prospectivo, envolvendo 22 olhos de 22 pacientes que se submeteram à cirurgia de catarata por facoemulsificação com implante de lente intraocular. A densitometria do cristalino (PNS foi medida através da tomografia de segmento anterior e córnea (Pentacam no pré-operatório com a imagem de Scheimplufg. O tempo de facoemulsificação e o gasto de energia foram verificados e anotados ao término de cada cirurgia. O teste de correlação de Pearson foi utilizado para análise estatística através do programa Bioestat 5.0. Foi considerado como estatisticamente significante p < 0,05%. RESULTADOS: As correlações entre PNS x Tempo de Facoemulsificação (s e PNS x Gasto de Energia obtiveram respectivamente um p < 0,0050 e RP (Coeficiente de Pearson de 0,5757 e p < 0,0029 e RP (Coeficiente de Pearson de 0,6034. CONCLUSÃO: Observamos uma forte associação entre o método objetivo de classificação da catarata através da imagem de Scheimplufg (PNS, tempo e gasto de energia. Assim há possibilidade de realizarmos um planejamento cirúrgico pré-operatório baseado em métodos objetivos da classificação da catarata, reduzindo a fluídica, energia e tempo na cirurgia de facoemulsificação.

Cirurgia cardíaca em uma sociedade multiétnica: a experiência do Caribbean Heart Care Cardiac surgery in a multi-ethnic low volume service: the Caribbean Heart Care Experience

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jose Burgos-Irazabal

2005-09-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: A população do Caribe constitui uma sociedade multiétnica, incluindo caucasianos, afro-caribenhos, indianos, asiáticos, hispânicos, europeus e nativos, com uma grande variabilidade de padrões socioeconômicos. A incidência e os tipos de doenças cardíacas também variam significativamente entre essas etnias. Relatamos aqui a experiência (em pacientes adultos e pediátricos em um serviço de cirurgia cardíaca de baixo volume em Trinidad e Tobago, no Caribe. MÉTODO: O programa de cirurgia cardíaca de adultos começou em novembro de 1993, são reportados os dados de 878 pacientes (629 homens, idade entre 18 e 88 anos, com média de 67 anos. Destes, 39,4% eram diabéticos e 46,5% hipertensos. Os procedimentos incluíram cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica (CRM, reparo e substituição de valvas e cirurgias da aorta. O programa de cirurgia cardíaca pediátrica (idades entre duas semanas e 21 anos começou em setembro de 1998, tendo sido realizado um total de 279 operações. RESULTADOS: Adultos - a mortalidade total foi de 3,8%. A maioria dos procedimentos foi CRM (82,3% com mortalidade total de 2,8% (0% em 2004. A técnica sem circulação extracorpórea foi empregada em 43% dos procedimentos de CRM (71,2% em 2004. A cirurgia de valva aórtica foi feita em 49 pacientes, e a substituição/reparo da valva mitral em 96 doentes. Pediátricos - a maioria dos procedimentos foi correção de comunicação interventricular (111, comunicação interatrial (57, tetralogia de Fallot (23, e 88 outros (com mortalidade de 1,5%. CONCLUSÃO: Cirurgia cardíaca em um serviço multiétnico de baixo volume pode ser realizada com excelentes resultados, comparáveis com padrões internacionais de qualidade.INTRODUCTION: The Caribbean is a multi-ethnic society, including Caucasian, Afro-Caribbean, East Indians, Asians, Hispanics, European and natives, which has a broad range of living standards. The incidence and types of heart diseases

Mechanisms and management of functional abdominal pain

OpenAIRE

Farmer, Adam D; Aziz, Qasim

2014-01-01

Functional abdominal pain syndrome is characterised by frequent or continuous abdominal pain associated with a degree of loss of daily activity. It has a reported population prevalence of between 0.5% and 1.7%, with a female preponderance. The pathophysiology of functional abdominal pain is incompletely understood although it has been postulated that peripheral sensitisation of visceral afferents, central sensitisation of the spinal dorsal horn and aberrancies within descending modulatory sys...

Dehydration related abdominal pain (drap)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shah, S.I.; Aurangzeb; Khan, I.; Bhatti, A.M.; Khan, A.A.

2004-01-01

Objective: To describe the frequency of dehydration as a medical cause of acute abdomen. Subjects and Methods: All the patients reporting with abdominal pain to the surgical outpatient department or the emergency department were reviewed in the study. The clinical findings in all these cases were studied along with the mode of their management and outcome. Results: Of all the patients presenting with abdominal pain, 3.3% (n=68) were suffering from dehydration related abdominal pain. They were predominantly males in a ratio of 8.7: 1, mostly in the 2nd and 3rd decades of their lives. All these cases were suffering from acute or chronic dehydration were provisionally diagnosed by general practitioners as 'acute abdomen' and referred for surgical consultation. Associated symptoms included vomiting in 42.6%, backache in 91.2%, headache in 95.6%, and pain in lower limbs in 97.1 % of the cases. 83.8% required indoor management with intravenous fluids. All the patients became asymptomatic with rehydration therapy. Conclusion: Dehydration is a possible cause of severe abdominal pain. There is a need to educate the general public about the benefits of adequate fluid intake. (author)

Chest complication after abdominal surgery

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Koh, B. H.; Choi, J. Y.; Hahm, C. K.; Kang, S. R.

1981-01-01

In spite of many advances in medicine, anesthetic technique and surgical managements, pulmonary problems are the most frequent postoperative complications, particularly after abdominal surgery. As postoperative pulmonary complications, atelectasis, pleural effusion, pneumonia, chronic bronchitis and lung abscess can be occurred. This study include evaluation of chest films of 2006 patients (927 male, 1079 female), who had been operated abdominal surgery from Jan. 1979 to June, 1980 in the Hanyang university hospital. The results were as follows: 1. 70 cases out of total 2006 cases (3.5%) developed postoperative chest complications, 51 cases (5.5%) in male, 19 cases (1.8%) in female. 2. The complication rate was increased according to the increase of age. The incidence of the postoperative complications over 40 years of age was higher than the overall average complications rate. 3. The most common postoperative pulmonary complication was pleural effusion, next pneumonia, atelectasis and pulmonary edema respectively. 4. The complication rate of the group of upper abdominal surgery is much higher than the group of lower abdominal surgery. 5. Complication rate was increased according to increase of the duration of operation. 6. There were significant correlations between the operation site and side of the complicated hemithorax

Potencial evocado auditivo na monitorização de 15 microlaser cirurgias do tronco cerebral

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luiz Henrique Mattos Pimenta

1989-12-01

Full Text Available Baseados na experiência de 15 casos, os autores salientam a importância do uso sistemático do potencial evocado auditivo do tronco cerebral na monitorização peroperatória do tronco cerebral, área das mais delicadas do cérebro, evitando que o cirurgião seja advertido pelo anestesista de que seu paciente está apresentando bradicardia ou arritmia. Apenas a cirurgia com Laser (acoplado a microscópio permite monitorização contínua, sem interferência de aparelhagem elétrica. Além disso, nos casos relatados, foi verificada a existência de alterações da fisiologia do tronco cerebral quando usados o bipolar ou micro-dissectores, o que não ocorre com o Laser a. CO2.

Diagnostic accuracy of low-dose CT compared with abdominal radiography in non-traumatic acute abdominal pain: prospective study and systematic review

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alshamari, Muhammed; Geijer, Haakan; Norrman, Eva; Geijer, Mats; Jansson, Kjell

2016-01-01

Abdominal radiography is frequently used in acute abdominal non-traumatic pain despite the availability of more advanced diagnostic modalities. This study evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of low-dose CT compared with abdominal radiography, at similar radiation dose levels. Fifty-eight patients were imaged with both methods and were reviewed independently by three radiologists. The reference standard was obtained from the diagnosis in medical records. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated. A systematic review was performed after a literature search, finding a total of six relevant studies including the present. Overall sensitivity with 95 % CI for CT was 75 % (66-83 %) and 46 % (37-56 %) for radiography. Specificity was 87 % (77-94 %) for both methods. In the systematic review the overall sensitivity for CT varied between 75 and 96 % with specificity from 83 to 95 % while the overall sensitivity for abdominal radiography varied between 30 and 77 % with specificity 75 to 88 %. Based on the current study and available evidence, low-dose CT has higher diagnostic accuracy than abdominal radiography and it should, where logistically possible, replace abdominal radiography in the workup of adult patients with acute non-traumatic abdominal pain. (orig.)

Diagnostic accuracy of low-dose CT compared with abdominal radiography in non-traumatic acute abdominal pain: prospective study and systematic review

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Alshamari, Muhammed; Geijer, Haakan [Oerebro University, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Oerebro (Sweden); Norrman, Eva [Oerebro University, Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Oerebro (Sweden); Geijer, Mats [Lund University and Skaane University Hospital, Department of Medical Imaging and Physiology, Lund (Sweden); Jansson, Kjell [Oerebro University, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Oerebro (Sweden)

2016-06-15

Abdominal radiography is frequently used in acute abdominal non-traumatic pain despite the availability of more advanced diagnostic modalities. This study evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of low-dose CT compared with abdominal radiography, at similar radiation dose levels. Fifty-eight patients were imaged with both methods and were reviewed independently by three radiologists. The reference standard was obtained from the diagnosis in medical records. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated. A systematic review was performed after a literature search, finding a total of six relevant studies including the present. Overall sensitivity with 95 % CI for CT was 75 % (66-83 %) and 46 % (37-56 %) for radiography. Specificity was 87 % (77-94 %) for both methods. In the systematic review the overall sensitivity for CT varied between 75 and 96 % with specificity from 83 to 95 % while the overall sensitivity for abdominal radiography varied between 30 and 77 % with specificity 75 to 88 %. Based on the current study and available evidence, low-dose CT has higher diagnostic accuracy than abdominal radiography and it should, where logistically possible, replace abdominal radiography in the workup of adult patients with acute non-traumatic abdominal pain. (orig.)

Acute abdominal pain: Advances in diagnosis and management

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Gans, S.L.

2015-01-01

The term acute abdominal pain refers to non-traumatic abdominal pain of rapid onset with duration of less than five days. Acute abdominal pain can be divided in urgent and non-urgent conditions. Urgent causes require treatment within 24 hours to prevent serious complications whereas for non-urgent

Functional abdominal pain disorders in children

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Rajindrajith, Shaman; Zeevenhooven, Judith; Devanarayana, Niranga Manjuri; Perera, Bonaventure Jayasiri Crispus; Benninga, Marc A.

2018-01-01

Chronic abdominal pain is a common problem in pediatric practice. The majority of cases fulfill the Rome IV criteria for functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPDs). At times, these disorders may lead to rather serious repercussions. Area covered: We have attempted to cover current knowledge on

Mechanisms and management of functional abdominal pain.

Science.gov (United States)

Farmer, Adam D; Aziz, Qasim

2014-09-01

Functional abdominal pain syndrome is characterised by frequent or continuous abdominal pain associated with a degree of loss of daily activity. It has a reported population prevalence of between 0.5% and 1.7%, with a female preponderance. The pathophysiology of functional abdominal pain is incompletely understood although it has been postulated that peripheral sensitisation of visceral afferents, central sensitisation of the spinal dorsal horn and aberrancies within descending modulatory systems may have an important role. The management of patients with functional abdominal pain requires a tailored multidisciplinary approach in a supportive and empathetic environment in order to develop an effective therapeutic relationship. Patient education directed towards an explanation of the pathophysiology of functional abdominal pain is in our opinion a prerequisite step and provides the rationale for the introduction of interventions. Interventions can usefully be categorised into general measures, pharmacotherapy, psychological interventions and 'step-up' treatments. Pharmacotherapeutic/step-up options include tricyclic antidepressants, serotonin noradrenergic reuptake inhibitors and the gabapentinoids. Psychological treatments include cognitive behavioural therapy and hypnotherapy. However, the objective evidence base for these interventions is largely derived from other chronic pain syndrome, and further research is warranted in adult patients with functional abdominal pain. © The Royal Society of Medicine.

Diagnosis of calcification on abdominal radiographs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lamb, C.R.; Kleine, L.J.; McMillan, M.C.

1991-01-01

A wide variety of normal and pathologic factors may induce intraabdominal calcification. In general, the most reliable indication of the cause of a calcification is its location; therefore, if the affected organ can be identified the radiographic diagnosis is often straightforward or, at least, limited to relatively few possibilities. With this principle in mind, a series of patients with abdominal calcification are described for the purpose of illustrating the appearance of calcification of various abdominal organs. In addition, etiology for the calcification in each patient is discussed. Certain extraabdominal calcifications which may be seen on abdominal radiographs are also mentioned

Abdominal ultrasonography, 2nd Ed

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goldberg, B.B.

1984-01-01

This volume is a new and updated edition of an extensively illustrated text and reference on the capabilities and imaging of gray scale ultrasonography for each major abdominal organ. Each major organ system is treated separately, including liver, gallbladder and bile ducts, pancreas, kidney, retroperitoneum, abdominal vasculature, and more. There are over 500 illustrations and ten pages of full color plates for cross sectional anatomy

CT findings in abdominal actinomycosis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, In Jae; Ha, Hyun Kwon; Lee, Moon Gyu; Kim, Pyo Nyun; Auh, Yong Ho

1999-01-01

Abdominal actinomycosis is a chronic, progressive, suppurative disease with a favorable response to intravenous treatment with penicillin. In many instances, however, its clinical and radiological findings may overlap with those of other inflammatory and neoplastic conditions, and the familiarity with the various radiological features can thus avoid diagnostic delays. The purpose of this paper is to describe and discuss the CT findings of abdominal actinomycosis

Transscleral diode laser retinopexy in retinal reattachment surgery Retinopexia com laser de diodo transescleral na cirurgia de descolamento de retina

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João Carlos de Miranda Gonçalves

2004-02-01

Full Text Available PURPOSE: Transscleral diode retinal photocoagulation (diopexy is becoming an accepted technique in the treatment of selected retinal diseases. The objective of this study is to evaluate diopexy technique in the production of adhesive chorioretinal lesions during the surgical treatment of the rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. METHODS: 25 patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment were enrolled in a prospective clinical-surgical study to evaluate the technique of transscleral diode laser photocoagulation to obtain adhesive chorioretinal lesions during retinal reattachment surgery. The surgery consisted of the placement of an exoplant silicon to produce a buckle effect combined with a drainage of subretinal fluid in most cases. RESULTS: By a mean follow-up of 10 months, 21 of 25 eyes had their retinas reattached after only one surgery with diopexy used in all cases. CONCLUSION: Transscleral diode laser photocoagulation was a technically easy, controlled, effective, reproducible and safe means of obtaining chorioretinal adhesion in retinal reattachment surgery.OBJETIVO: Fotocoagulação transescleral com laser de diodo (diopexia está se tornando técnica utilizada no tratamento de algumas doenças retinianas. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a técnica de diopexia na produção de lesões coriorretinianas aderentes durante o tratamento cirúrgico do descolamento de retina regmatogênico. MÉTODOS: Vinte e cinco pacientes com descolamento de retina regmatogênico participaram deste estudo clínico-cirúrgico prospectivo para avaliar a técnica de fotocoagulação com laser de diodo transescleral para obter lesões coriorretinianas aderentes durante a cirurgia de descolamento de retina. A cirurgia consistiu de colocação de explante de silicone para produzir efeito de introflexão escleral combinado com drenagem do líquido subretiniano na maioria dos casos. RESULTADOS: Após um período médio de seguimento de 10 meses, em 21 dos 25 olhos

Endovascular Exclusion of an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in Patients with Concomitant Abdominal Malignancy: Early Experience

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Choi, You Ri; Chang, Nam Kyu [Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun (Korea, Republic of); Shin, Hyo Hyun; Oh, Hyun Jun; Kim, Jae Kyu; Choi, Soo Jin Na; Chung, Sang Young [Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju (Korea, Republic of); Yim, Nam Yeol [Armed Forces Yangju Hospital, Yangju (Korea, Republic of)

2010-08-15

To assess the outcomes of endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) for the treatment of an abdominal aortic aneurysm in patients undergoing curative surgical treatment for concomitant abdominal malignancy. The study included 12 patients with abdominal neoplasia and an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), which was treated by surgery and stent EVAR. The neoplasm consisted of the gastric, colorectal, pancreas, prostate, and gall bladder. The follow up period was 3-21 months (mean 11.8 months). All medical records and imaging analyses were reviewed by CTA and/or color Doppler US, retrospectively. Successful endoluminal repair was accomplished in all twelve patients. The mean interval time between EVAR and surgery was 58.6 days. Small amounts of type 2 endoleaks were detected in two patients (17%). One patient developed adult respiratory distress syndrome after Whipple's operation 20 days after surgery, which led to hopeless discharge. No procedure-related mortality, morbidity, or graft-related infection was noted. Exclusion of AAA in patients with accompanying malignancy show with a relatively low procedure morbidity and mortality. Hence, endoluminal AAA repair in patients with synchronous neoplasia may allow greater flexibility in the management of an offending malignancy

Endovascular Exclusion of an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in Patients with Concomitant Abdominal Malignancy: Early Experience

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Choi, You Ri; Chang, Nam Kyu; Shin, Hyo Hyun; Oh, Hyun Jun; Kim, Jae Kyu; Choi, Soo Jin Na; Chung, Sang Young; Yim, Nam Yeol

2010-01-01

To assess the outcomes of endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) for the treatment of an abdominal aortic aneurysm in patients undergoing curative surgical treatment for concomitant abdominal malignancy. The study included 12 patients with abdominal neoplasia and an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), which was treated by surgery and stent EVAR. The neoplasm consisted of the gastric, colorectal, pancreas, prostate, and gall bladder. The follow up period was 3-21 months (mean 11.8 months). All medical records and imaging analyses were reviewed by CTA and/or color Doppler US, retrospectively. Successful endoluminal repair was accomplished in all twelve patients. The mean interval time between EVAR and surgery was 58.6 days. Small amounts of type 2 endoleaks were detected in two patients (17%). One patient developed adult respiratory distress syndrome after Whipple's operation 20 days after surgery, which led to hopeless discharge. No procedure-related mortality, morbidity, or graft-related infection was noted. Exclusion of AAA in patients with accompanying malignancy show with a relatively low procedure morbidity and mortality. Hence, endoluminal AAA repair in patients with synchronous neoplasia may allow greater flexibility in the management of an offending malignancy

Cost and Reimbursement for Three Fibroid Treatments: Abdominal Hysterectomy, Abdominal Myomectomy, and Uterine Fibroid Embolization

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goldberg, Jay; Bussard, Anne; McNeil, Jean; Diamond, James

2007-01-01

Purpose. To compare costs and reimbursements for three different treatments for uterine fibroids. Methods. Costs and reimbursements were collected and analyzed from the Thomas Jefferson University Hospital decision support database from 540 women who underwent abdominal hysterectomy (n 299), abdominal myomectomy (n = 105), or uterine fibroid embolization (UFE) (n = 136) for uterine fibroids during 2000-2002. We used the chi-square test and ANOVA, followed by Fisher's Least Significant Difference test, for statistical analysis. Results. The mean total hospital cost (US$) for UFE was $2,707, which was significantly less than for hysterectomy ($5,707) or myomectomy ($5,676) (p < 0.05). The mean hospital net income (hospital net reimbursement minus total hospital cost) for UFE was $57, which was significantly greater than for hysterectomy (-$572) or myomectomy (-$715) (p < 0.05). The mean professional (physician) reimbursements for UFE, hysterectomy, and myomectomy were $1,306, $979, and $1,078, respectively. Conclusion. UFE has lower hospital costs and greater hospital net income than abdominal hysterectomy or abdominal myomectomy for treating uterine fibroids. UFE may be more financially advantageous than hysterectomy or myomectomy for the insurer, hospital, and health care system. Costs and reimbursements may vary amongst different hospitals and regions

Review article: the functional abdominal pain syndrome.

Science.gov (United States)

Sperber, A D; Drossman, D A

2011-03-01

Functional abdominal pain syndrome (FAPS) is a debilitating disorder with constant or nearly constant abdominal pain, present for at least 6 months and loss of daily functioning. To review the epidemiology, pathophysiology and treatment of FAPS. A literature review using the keywords: functional abdominal pain, chronic abdominal pain, irritable bowel syndrome and functional gastrointestinal disorders. No epidemiological studies have focused specifically on FAPS. Estimates of prevalence range from 0.5% to 1.7% and tend to show a female predominance. FAPS pathophysiology appears unique in that the pain is caused primarily by amplified central perception of normal visceral input, rather than by enhanced peripheral stimulation from abdominal viscera. The diagnosis of FAPS is symptom-based in accordance with the Rome III diagnostic criteria. These criteria are geared to identify patients with severe symptoms as they require constant or nearly constant abdominal pain with loss of daily function and are differentiated from IBS based on their non-association with changes in bowel habit, eating or other gut-related events. As cure is not feasible, the aims of treatment are reduced suffering and improved quality of life. Treatment is based on a biopsychosocial approach with a therapeutic patient-physician partnership at its base. Therapeutic options include central nonpharmacological and pharmacological modalities and peripheral modalities. These can be combined to produce an augmentation effect. Although few studies have assessed functional abdominal pain syndrome or its treatment specifically, the treatment strategies outlined in this paper appear to be effective. © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

CT evaluation of abdominal trauma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Huang Ruiting

2004-01-01

Objective: An evaluation of CT diagnosis of abdominal trauma. Methods: CT appearance of abdominal trauma was analyzed retrospectively in 95 cases. thirty-three patients were cured by operation, and the other 59 patients received conservative treatment. Fifty-one patients out of 59 were seen healed or improved by a follow up CT scan after the conservative treatment. Results: The study included: 31 cases of splenic contusion, accompanying with hemoperitoneum in 25 cases; 3 cases of hepatic laceration; 33 cases of liver and spleen compound trauma accompanying with hemoperitoneum; 18 cases of renal contusion, with subcapsular hemorrhage in 12 cases; 4 cases of midriff colic; 3 cases of mesentery breach; 3 cases of digestive tract perforation. Conclusion: CT is sensitive and precise in evaluating abdominal trauma, providing important information for treatment. (author)

Subtotal versus total abdominal hysterectomy

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Andersen, Lea Laird; Ottesen, Bent; Alling Møller, Lars Mikael

2015-01-01

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to compare long-term results of subtotal vs total abdominal hysterectomy for benign uterine diseases 14 years after hysterectomy, with urinary incontinence as the primary outcome measure. STUDY DESIGN: This was a long-term follow-up of a multicenter......, randomized clinical trial without blinding. Eleven gynecological departments in Denmark contributed participants to the trial. Women referred for benign uterine diseases who did not have contraindications to subtotal abdominal hysterectomy were randomized to subtotal (n = 161) vs total (n = 158) abdominal...... from discharge summaries from all public hospitals in Denmark. The results were analyzed as intention to treat and per protocol. Possible bias caused by missing data was handled by multiple imputation. The primary outcome was urinary incontinence; the secondary outcomes were pelvic organ prolapse...

Trimetazidina e resposta inflamatória em cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio

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Gerez Fernandes Martins

2012-08-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: A resposta inflamatória orgânica constitui um mecanismo fisiopatológico presente em todas as cirurgias de revascularização do miocárdio com circulação extracorpórea (CRVM-CEC, e a liberação de mediadores inflamatórios constitui um de seus mecanismos de defesa. OBJETIVO: Avaliar, em estudo prospectivo duplo-cego randomizado e controlado com placebo, os efeitos da trimetazidina (Tmz sobre a resposta inflamatória, por meio da variação nas interleucinas 6 e 8; TNF-α; complementos C3 e C5, e na proteína C reativa ultrassensível (PCR-us, em dois momentos, pré e pós-operatório. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 30 pacientes submetidos a CRVM-CEC utilizando cardioplegia hipotérmica intermitente, e com no máximo disfunção ventricular leve, divididos em dois grupos (placebo e Tmz, estratificados por ecocardiografia e recebendo medicação/placebo na dose de 60mg/dia. As amostras foram dosadas no pré-operatório sem medicação, no dia da cirurgia com 12 a 15 dias de medicação/placebo e, seguidamente, 5 min após o desclampeamento aórtico, 12 e 24h, para interleucinas e complementos, e 48h para PCR. RESULTADOS: Não ocorreram diferenças significativas entre os níveis de interleucina 8, Tnf-α, complementos C3 e C5, e PCR-us. No entanto, no grupo tratado, os níveis de interleucina 6 foram significativamente inferiores aos do grupo controle, em todos os momentos analisados. CONCLUSÃO: A trimetazidina mostrou-se eficaz apenas na redução da interleucina 6 nos pacientes submetidos à CRVM.

Simultaneous repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm and resection of unexpected, associated abdominal malignancies.

Science.gov (United States)

Illuminati, Giulio; Calio', Francesco G; D'Urso, Antonio; Lorusso, Riccardo; Ceccanei, Gianluca; Vietri, Francesco

2004-12-15

The management of unexpected intra-abdominal malignancy, discovered at laparotomy for elective treatment of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), is controversial. It is still unclear whether both conditions should be treated simultaneously or a staged approach is to be preferred. To contribute in improving treatment guidelines, we retrospectively reviewed the records of patients undergoing laparotomy for elective AAA repair. From January 1994 to March 2003, 253 patients underwent elective, trans-peritoneal repair of an AAA. In four patients (1.6%), an associated, unexpected neoplasm was detected at abdominal exploration, consisting of one renal, one gastric, one ileal carcinoid, and one ascending colon tumor. All of them were treated at the same operation, after aortic repair and careful isolation of the prosthetic graft. The whole series' operative mortality was 3.6%. None of the patients simultaneously treated for AAA and tumor resection died in the postoperative period. No graft-related infections were observed. Simultaneous treatment of AAA and tumor did not prolong significantly the mean length of stay in the hospital, compared to standard treatment of AAA alone. Except for malignancies of organs requiring major surgical resections, simultaneous AAA repair and resection of an associated, unexpected abdominal neoplasm can be safely performed, in most of the patients, sparing the need for a second procedure. Endovascular grafting of the AAA can be a valuable tool in simplifying simultaneous treatment, or in staging the procedures with a very short delay.

Cirurgia ambulatorial: identificação dos diagnósticos de enfermagem no período perioperatório

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Maria Cristina Simões Flório

Full Text Available O objetivo da presente investigação foi a identificação dos diagnósticos de enfermagem no período perioperatório do paciente cirúrgico ambulatorial. Como referencial teórico, selecionamos a teoria de Levine, na qual são propostos quatro princípios de conservação, a saber: conservação de energia, conservação da integridade estrutural, conservação da integridade pessoal e conservação da integridade social. Os dados foram coletados pela pesquisadora, no serviço de cirurgia ambulatorial de um hospital privado da cidade de Ribeirão Preto (São Paulo, nos meses de janeiro e fevereiro de 2001, utilizando um instrumento previamente validado. A amostra consistiu de trinta pacientes adultos submetidos a cirurgia de diferentes especialidades médicas, com anestesia regional ou geral. Após a coleta dos dados, procedemos a identificação dos diagnósticos de enfermagem, utilizando o processo de raciocínio diagnóstico descrito por Risner, e a construção das categorias diagnósticas teve como referência a taxonomia da NANDA e o estudo de Carpenito. No período perioperatório, foram identificados quinze diagnósticos e, neste estudo, analisamos aqueles que obtiveram uma freqüência igual ou maior que 50%, a saber: ansiedade, risco para infecção, risco para lesão por posicionamento perioperatório e dor.

Longitudinal changes in abdominal fat distribution with menopause.

Science.gov (United States)

Franklin, Ruth M; Ploutz-Snyder, Lori; Kanaley, Jill A

2009-03-01

Increases in abdominal fat have been reported with menopause, but the impact of menopause on abdominal fat distribution (visceral vs subcutaneous) is still unclear. The objective of the study was to determine if abdominal fat content (volume) or distribution is altered with menopause. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to quantify total abdominal, subcutaneous, and visceral fat in 8 healthy women, both in the premenopausal state and 8 years later in the postmenopausal state. Physical activity (PA) and blood lipids were also measured. Body weight and waist circumference did not change with menopause (pre- vs postmenopause: body weight, 63.2 +/- 3.1 vs 63.9 +/- 2.5 kg; waist circumference, 92.1 +/- 4.6 vs 93.4 +/- 3.7 cm); however, total abdominal fat, subcutaneous fat, and visceral fat all significantly (P fat distribution was not significantly different after menopause (pre- vs postmenopause: subcutaneous, 73% +/- 3% vs 71% +/- 3%; visceral, 26% +/- 3% vs 28% +/- 3%). Lean mass, fat mass, and PA, along with total cholesterol and triglyceride levels, did not change with menopause. High-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein both increased (P abdominal fat content increased with menopause despite no change in PA, body weight, or waist circumference; however, menopause did not affect the relative abdominal fat distribution in these women.

Prophylactic antibiotics for penetrating abdominal trauma.

Science.gov (United States)

Brand, Martin; Grieve, Andrew

2013-11-18

Penetrating abdominal trauma occurs when the peritoneal cavity is breached. Routine laparotomy for penetrating abdominal injuries began in the 1800s, with antibiotics first being used in World War II to combat septic complications associated with these injuries. This practice was marked with a reduction in sepsis-related mortality and morbidity. Whether prophylactic antibiotics are required in the prevention of infective complications following penetrating abdominal trauma is controversial, however, as no randomised placebo controlled trials have been published to date. There has also been debate about the timing of antibiotic prophylaxis. In 1972 Fullen noted a 7% to 11% post-surgical infection rate with pre-operative antibiotics, a 33% to 57% infection rate with intra-operative antibiotic administration and 30% to 70% infection rate with only post-operative antibiotic administration. Current guidelines state there is sufficient class I evidence to support the use of a single pre-operative broad spectrum antibiotic dose, with aerobic and anaerobic cover, and continuation (up to 24 hours) only in the event of a hollow viscus perforation found at exploratory laparotomy. To assess the benefits and harms of prophylactic antibiotics administered for penetrating abdominal injuries for the reduction of the incidence of septic complications, such as septicaemia, intra-abdominal abscesses and wound infections. Searches were not restricted by date, language or publication status. We searched the following electronic databases: the Cochrane Injuries Group Specialised Register, CENTRAL (The Cochrane Library 2013, issue 12 of 12), MEDLINE (OvidSP), Embase (OvidSP), ISI Web of Science: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), ISI Web of Science: Conference Proceedings Citation Index- Science (CPCI-S) and PubMed. Searches were last conducted in January 2013. All randomised controlled trials of antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with penetrating abdominal trauma versus no

Diagnostic accuracy of low-dose CT compared with abdominal radiography in non-traumatic acute abdominal pain: prospective study and systematic review.

Science.gov (United States)

Alshamari, Muhammed; Norrman, Eva; Geijer, Mats; Jansson, Kjell; Geijer, Håkan

2016-06-01

Abdominal radiography is frequently used in acute abdominal non-traumatic pain despite the availability of more advanced diagnostic modalities. This study evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of low-dose CT compared with abdominal radiography, at similar radiation dose levels. Fifty-eight patients were imaged with both methods and were reviewed independently by three radiologists. The reference standard was obtained from the diagnosis in medical records. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated. A systematic review was performed after a literature search, finding a total of six relevant studies including the present. Overall sensitivity with 95 % CI for CT was 75 % (66-83 %) and 46 % (37-56 %) for radiography. Specificity was 87 % (77-94 %) for both methods. In the systematic review the overall sensitivity for CT varied between 75 and 96 % with specificity from 83 to 95 % while the overall sensitivity for abdominal radiography varied between 30 and 77 % with specificity 75 to 88 %. Based on the current study and available evidence, low-dose CT has higher diagnostic accuracy than abdominal radiography and it should, where logistically possible, replace abdominal radiography in the workup of adult patients with acute non-traumatic abdominal pain. • Low-dose CT has a higher diagnostic accuracy than radiography. • A systematic review shows that CT has better diagnostic accuracy than radiography. • Radiography has no place in the workup of acute non-traumatic abdominal pain.

Asymptomatic Incisional Endometrioma Presenting as Abdominal ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Asymptomatic incisional endometrioma of the anterior abdominal wall is rare. Clinical diagnosis may be difficult. We present a 26 year old woman with incisional abdominal wall endometrioma discovered 5 years after caeserian section. It was painless and there was no change in size with menstruation. The patient's body ...

Reducing Abdominal Fat Deposition in Broiler Through Feeding Management

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Cecep Hidayat

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Abdominal fat in broiler carcass is considered as a waste and its existence reduces the carcass quality. Abdominal fat deposition is affected by several factors such as genetic, nutrition, feed, sex, age and environment. Reducing abdominal fat deposition can be carried out by regulating the nutrient intake to ensure that no excessive nutrient was consumed. Nutrition effects to reduce abdominal fat deposition are associated with nutrient concentration of ration and quantity of daily feed intake. Daily nutrient intake can be limited, especially through restricted feeding. It is concluded that an appropriate feeding management can reduce abdominal fat deposition in broiler.

Abdominal injuries in communal crises: The Jos experience

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Emmanuel Olorundare Ojo

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Background: Abdominal injuries contribute significantly to battlefield trauma morbidity and mortality. This study sought to determine the incidence, demographics, clinical features, spectrum, severity, management, and outcome of abdominal trauma during a civilian conflict. Materials and Methods: A prospective analysis of patients treated for abdominal trauma during the Jos civil crises between December 2010 and May 2012 at the Jos University Teaching Hospital. Results: A total of 109 victims of communal conflicts with abdominal injuries were managed during the study period with 89 (81.7% males and 20 (18.3% females representing about 12.2% of the total 897 combat related injuries. The peak age incidence was between 21 and 40 years (range: 3–71 years. The most frequently injured intra-abdominal organs were the small intestine 69 (63.3%, colon 48 (44%, and liver 41 (37.6%. Forty-four (40.4% patients had extra-abdominal injuries involving the chest in 17 (15.6%, musculoskeletal 12 (11%, and the head in 9 (8.3%. The most prevalent weapon injuries were gunshot 76 (69.7%, explosives 12 (11%, stab injuries 11 (10.1%, and blunt abdominal trauma 10 (9.2%. The injury severity score varied from 8 to 52 (mean: 20.8 with a fatality rate of 11 (10.1% and morbidity rate of 29 (26.6%. Presence of irreversible shock, 3 or more injured intra-abdominal organs, severe head injuries, and delayed presentation were the main factors associated with mortality. Conclusion: Abdominal trauma is major life-threatening injuries during conflicts. Substantial mortality occurred with loss of nearly one in every 10 hospitalized victims despite aggressive emergency room resuscitation. The resources expenditure, propensity for death and expediency of timing reinforce the need for early access to the wounded in a concerted trauma care systems.

Imaging the Abdominal Manifestations of Cystic Fibrosis

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C. D. Gillespie

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Cystic fibrosis (CF is a multisystem disease with a range of abdominal manifestations including those involving the liver, pancreas, and kidneys. Recent advances in management of the respiratory complications of the disease has led to a greater life expectancy in patients with CF. Subsequently, there is increasing focus on the impact of abdominal disease on quality of life and survival. Liver cirrhosis is the most important extrapulmonary cause of death in CF, yet significant challenges remain in the diagnosis of CF related liver disease. The capacity to predict those patients at risk of developing cirrhosis remains a significant challenge. We review representative abdominal imaging findings in patients with CF selected from the records of two academic health centres, with a view to increasing familiarity with the abdominal manifestations of the disease. We review their presentation and expected imaging findings, with a focus on the challenges facing diagnosis of the hepatic manifestations of the disease. An increased familiarity with these abdominal manifestations will facilitate timely diagnosis and management, which is paramount to further improving outcomes for patients with cystic fibrosis.

Prevalência de disfagia orofaríngea no acidente vascular cerebral após cirurgia cardíaca

OpenAIRE

Tatiana Magalhães de Almeida; Paula Cristina Cola; Daniel Magnoni; João Ítalo Dias França; Roberta Gonçalves da Silva

2015-01-01

Resumo: OBJETIVO: determinar a prevalência de disfagia orofaríngea em indivíduos submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca e que evoluíram com Acidente Vascular Cerebral em Hospital Público de Referência. MÉTODOS: estudo clínico descritivo, retrospectivo, realizado por meio da coleta de dados de protocolos de avaliação clínica da deglutição orofaríngea, no período de novembro de 2010 á novembro de 2011. Foram incluídos os 25 protocolos de avaliação clínica para disfagia orofaríngea de indivíduos que f...

Abdominal wall hernia and pregnancy

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, K K; Henriksen, N A; Jorgensen, L N

2015-01-01

PURPOSE: There is no consensus as to the treatment strategy for abdominal wall hernias in fertile women. This study was undertaken to review the current literature on treatment of abdominal wall hernias in fertile women before or during pregnancy. METHODS: A literature search was undertaken in Pub......Med and Embase in combination with a cross-reference search of eligible papers. RESULTS: We included 31 papers of which 23 were case reports. In fertile women undergoing sutured or mesh repair, pain was described in a few patients during the last trimester of a subsequent pregnancy. Emergency surgery...... of incarcerated hernias in pregnant women, as well as combined hernia repair and cesarean section appears as safe procedures. No major complications were reported following hernia repair before or during pregnancy. The combined procedure of elective cesarean section and abdominal wall hernia repair was reported...

Abdominal radiation causes bacterial translocation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guzman-Stein, G.; Bonsack, M.; Liberty, J.; Delaney, J.P.

1989-01-01

The purpose of this study was to determine if a single dose of radiation to the rat abdomen leads to bacterial translocation into the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN). A second issue addressed was whether translocation correlates with anatomic damage to the mucosa. The radiated group (1100 cGy) which received anesthesia also was compared with a control group and a third group which received anesthesia alone but no abdominal radiation. Abdominal radiation lead to 100% positive cultures of MLN between 12 hr and 4 days postradiation. Bacterial translocation was almost nonexistent in the control and anesthesia group. Signs of inflammation and ulceration of the intestinal mucosa were not seen until Day 3 postradiation. Mucosal damage was maximal by Day 4. Bacterial translocation onto the MLN after a single dose of abdominal radiation was not apparently dependent on anatomical, histologic damage of the mucosa

CT diagnosis of abdominal ectopic pheochromocytoma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang Yuping; Zhao Zhiying

2010-01-01

Objective: To discuss the value of CT in diagnosis of abdominal ectopic pheochromocytoma. Methods: CT findings of 5 cases surgically and pathologically proved with ectopic pheochromocytoma were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Soft tissue mass with light asymmetry enhancement was found between the abdominal aorta and the inferior vena ca-va in one case. 1 case was completely cystic with light enhancement of the cystwall located in front of the left side of the abdominal aorta. 1 case of large solid mass occurred between the renal hilum and the tail of pancreas, with irregular shape, unclear boundary, central necrosis, calcification and obviously enhancement at the solid part. 2 cases showed as oval soft lump with even density, moderate strengthening located before the abdominal aorta. Paroxysmal hypertension occurred in 3 cases and didn't in 2 cases. Hypertension happened in 1 case during the operation because of stimulation. Blood pressure appeared in 1 case during and after operation. Blood and urinary catecholamine increased significantly in 4 cases. Conclusion: Ectopic pheochromocytoma mainly located surround the abdominal aorta with diverse CT performance. It is helpful for diagnosing when finding a lesion locates at the specified sites combined with typical clinical presentation. CT can not only depict small tumor, but also can show the relationship with surrounding structure, and it provides important information for the operation and prognosis. (authors)

OUR EXPERIENCE WITH BLUNT ABDOMINAL TRAUMA

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Ankareddi Vijaya Lakshmi

2016-12-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND Blunt abdominal trauma is an emergency and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The aim of the study is to study incidence, demographic profile, epidemiological factors, mechanism of trauma, treatment modalities, associated injuries, postoperative complications and morbidity and mortality. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective analysis of 72 patients of blunt abdominal trauma who were admitted in government general hospital between May 2013 to April 2015 in Department of General Surgery, Government General Hospital, Guntur, with in a span of 24 months were studied. Demographic data, mechanism of trauma, management and outcome were studied. RESULTS Most of the patients in our study were in the age group of 21-30 years. Spleen was the commonest organ involved and most common procedure performed was splenectomy. Most common extra-abdominal injury was rib fractures. Wound infection was the commonest complication. CONCLUSION Initial resuscitative measures, thorough clinical examination and correct diagnosis forms the vital part of the management. FAST is more useful in blunt abdominal trauma patients who are unstable. X-ray revealed 100% accuracy in hollow viscous perforation in blunt abdominal trauma patients. CT abdomen is more useful in stable patients. Definitive indication for laparotomy was haemodynamic instability and peritonitis. Associated injuries influenced morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment can save many lives.

Unusual causes of abdominal pain: sickle cell anemia.

Science.gov (United States)

Ahmed, Shahid; Shahid, Rabia K; Russo, Linda A

2005-04-01

Sickle cell disease is characterized by chronic hemolytic anemia and vaso-occlusive painful crises. The vascular occlusion in sickle cell disease is a complex process and accounts for the majority of the clinical manifestation of the disease. Abdominal pain is an important component of vaso-occlusive painful crises. It often represents a substantial diagnostic challenge in this population of patients. These episodes are often attributed to micro-vessel occlusion and infarcts of mesentery and abdominal viscera. Abdominal pain due to sickle cell vaso-occlusive crisis is often indistinguishable from an acute intra-abdominal disease process such as acute cholecystitis, acute pancreatitis, hepatic infarction, ischemic colitis and acute appendicitis. In the majority of cases, however, no specific cause is identified and spontaneous resolution occurs. This chapter will focus on etiologies, pathophysiology and management of abdominal pain in patients with sickle cell disease.

Computed tomography and nonoperative treatment for blunt abdominal trauma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Watanabe, Shinsuke; Ishi, Takashi; Kamachi, Masahiro; Takahashi, Toshio.

1990-01-01

Studies were undertaken to determine if computed tomography (CT) could reliably assist physical examination in the initial assessment of blunt abdominal trauma, and also to examine how various abdominal injuries were managed with the guidance of CT. A total of 255 patients underwent emergency abdominal CT following blunt abdominal trauma over a period of seven years. One hundred and fifty two patients had abnormal CT scans, including 58 hepatic, 36 renal, 25 splenic and 9 pancreatic injuries as well as 67 patients with intra-abdominal hemorrhage and 21 patients with free abdominal air. A comparative study on the detection of pneumoperitoneum revealed CT to be far superior to plain radiography. One hundred and three patients had normal CT scans, all of whom were managed nonoperatively, except for three false-negative cases and two nontherapeutic cases. The patients with injury to the parenchymal organs were given nonoperative treatment if they had stable vital signs and no evidence of associated injuries demanding immediate surgery and the majority of these patients were managed well nonoperatively. CT was thus found to be a useful adjunct in the management of victims of blunt abdominal trauma, since in a rapid and noninvasive fashion, CT accurately defined the extent of parenchymal organ injury and also disclosed any other abdominal injuries. (author)

Computed tomography and nonoperative treatment for blunt abdominal trauma

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Watanabe, Shinsuke; Ishi, Takashi; Kamachi, Masahiro [Saiseikai Shiga Hospital, Shiga (Japan); Takahashi, Toshio

1990-01-01

Studies were undertaken to determine if computed tomography (CT) could reliably assist physical examination in the initial assessment of blunt abdominal trauma, and also to examine how various abdominal injuries were managed with the guidance of CT. A total of 255 patients underwent emergency abdominal CT following blunt abdominal trauma over a period of seven years. One hundred and fifty two patients had abnormal CT scans, including 58 hepatic, 36 renal, 25 splenic and 9 pancreatic injuries as well as 67 patients with intra-abdominal hemorrhage and 21 patients with free abdominal air. A comparative study on the detection of pneumoperitoneum revealed CT to be far superior to plain radiography. One hundred and three patients had normal CT scans, all of whom were managed nonoperatively, except for three false-negative cases and two nontherapeutic cases. The patients with injury to the parenchymal organs were given nonoperative treatment if they had stable vital signs and no evidence of associated injuries demanding immediate surgery and the majority of these patients were managed well nonoperatively. CT was thus found to be a useful adjunct in the management of victims of blunt abdominal trauma, since in a rapid and noninvasive fashion, CT accurately defined the extent of parenchymal organ injury and also disclosed any other abdominal injuries. (author).

[Abdominal Tuberculosis in children and adolescents. A diagnostic challenge].

Science.gov (United States)

Reto Valiente, Luz; Pichilingue Reto, Catherina; Pichilingue Prieto, Oscar; Dolores Cerna, Ketty

2015-01-01

To present our experience with abdominal tuberculosis in children and adolescents treated in our hospital from 2003 - 2014. It is a retrospective study. We have collected clinical records of inpatients overweight or obese and only 23.33% suffered of malnutrition. TB contact was present in 10 (33.33%). Positive tuberculin skin tests were seen in 10%. Extra-abdominal tuberculosis was found in 22 patients (63.32%). 12 cases had coexisting pulmonary tuberculosis and 4 cases had pleural effusion. 12 patients (40%) had tuberculous peritonitis; 12 patients (40%) had intestinal tuberculosis and peritoneal tuberculosis and 4 patients (13.33%) had intestinal tuberculosis. Bacteriological confirmation of tuberculosis was achieved in 10 cases (33.33%). Antituberculous therapy for 6 months was effective in 29 cases. One patient died who multifocal tuberculosis with HIV had associated. Abdominal tuberculosis is seen in 4.37% of children affected with tuberculosis, of which over 63% will have extra abdominal manifestations. Abdominal tuberculosis should be considered in patients with abdominal pain, fever, weight loss and abnormal chest radiography. Imaging can be useful for early diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis.

Ultrasonography in abdominal emergencies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Risi, D.; Alessi, G.; Meli, C.; Marzano, M.; Fiori, E.; Caterino, S.

1989-01-01

From February 1986 to March 1988 113 abdominal US exams were performed in emergency situation to evaluate the accuracy of this methodology: 13 were blunt traumas, 18 post-operative complications. A real-time scanner with a linear probe of 5 MHz was employed. The results were confirmed by surgical and/or clinical and instrumental evaluation. In 81% of the examinations, ultrasonography allowed a diagnosis to be made. Gallbladder and biliary pathologies were the most common findings. The results (sensibility 96%, specificity 88%, accuracy 95%) confirm the affidability of ultrasonography in abdominal emergencies, as shown in literature

Heterotopic bone formation as a result of abdominal polytrauma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Petkov, G.; Penev, B.; Kirova, G.; Ruskova, E.; Karagiozov, P.

2015-01-01

Full text: Heterotopic bone formation within the abdominal cavity is a rare complication of the posttraumatic abdominal surgery. There are only few cases reported in the medical literature and most of them involve the mesentery or the abdominal wall. A case of 49y-old men is presented who developed intraabdominal heterotopic ossifications as a consequence of numeral exploratory laparotomies performed after a blunt abdominal trauma. The condition was detected during the follow-up MDCT 11 months later. The case is of interest because of the rarity of the condition and the diffuse character of the calcifications in the abdominal structures, which could pose some differential diagnostic difficulties

Jejunal perforation caused by abdominal angiostrongyliasis Perfuração jejunal causada por angiostrongilíase abdominal

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Jaques WAISBERG

1999-09-01

Full Text Available The authors describe a case of abdominal angiostrongyliasis in an adult patient presenting acute abdominal pain caused by jejunal perforation. The case was unusual, as this affliction habitually involves the terminal ileum, appendix, cecum or ascending colon. The disease is caused by the nematode Angiostrongylus costaricensis, whose definitive hosts are forest rodents while snails and slugs are its intermediate hosts. Infection in humans is accidental and occurs via the ingestion of snail or slug mucoid secretions found on vegetables, or by direct contact with the mucus. Abdominal angiostrongyliasis is clinically characterized by prolonged fever, anorexia, abdominal pain in the right-lower quadrant, and peripheral blood eosinophilia. Although usually of a benign nature, its course may evolve to more complicated forms such as intestinal obstruction or perforation likely to require a surgical approach. Currently, no efficient medication for the treatment of abdominal angiostrongyliasis is known to be available. In this study, the authors provide a review on the subject, considering its etiopathogeny, clinical picture, diagnosis and treatment.Os autores descrevem caso de angiostrongilíase abdominal em doente adulto que se manifestou como abdômen agudo devido à perfuração de alça jejunal, evento raro, uma vez que esta afecção geralmente envolve o íleo terminal, apêndice, ceco ou cólon ascendente. A doença é causada pelo nematódeo Angiostrongylus costaricensis cujos hospedeiros definitivos são roedores silvestres e os hospedeiros intermediários são caracóis e caramujos. A infecção em humanos é acidental e ocorre pela ingestão de secreção mucóide destes invertebrados presentes em vegetais ou por contato direto com o muco. A angiostrongilíase abdominal é clinicamente caracterizada pela presença de febre prolongada, anorexia, dor no quadrante inferior direito do abdômen e eosinofilia periférica. Embora a doença seja de

Abdominal epilepsy as an unusual cause ofabdominal pain: A case ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Introduction: Abdominal pain, in etiology sometimes difficult to be defined, is a frequent complaint in childhood. Abdominal epilepsy is a rare cause of abdominal pain. Objectives: In this article, we report on 5 year old girl patient with abdominal epilepsy. Methods: Some investigations (stool investigation, routine blood tests, ...

Reducing Abdominal Fat Deposition in Broiler Through Feeding Management

OpenAIRE

Cecep Hidayat

2015-01-01

Abdominal fat in broiler carcass is considered as a waste and its existence reduces the carcass quality. Abdominal fat deposition is affected by several factors such as genetic, nutrition, feed, sex, age and environment. Reducing abdominal fat deposition can be carried out by regulating the nutrient intake to ensure that no excessive nutrient was consumed. Nutrition effects to reduce abdominal fat deposition are associated with nutrient concentration of ration and quantity of daily feed intak...

Diagnosis in acute abdominal pain and ongoing abdominal sepsis

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Kiewiet, J.J.S.

2016-01-01

Acute abdominal pain is a common reason for presentation at the emergency department. To establish a timely and adequate diagnosis, doctors use the pattern of complaints and physical examination as the basis for the evaluation of a patient. In this thesis we conducted a study that showed that

Infected abdominal sacrocolpopexies: diagnosis and treatment.

Science.gov (United States)

Mattox, T Fleming; Stanford, Edward J; Varner, E

2004-01-01

The abdominal sacrocolpopexy is an excellent procedure to surgically treat vaginal vault prolapse. A synthetic graft is often used to support the vaginal apex, but has the potential to become infected or erode, requiring its removal or revision. The purpose of this paper is to report our experience in the management of patients with infected synthetic grafts after abdominal sacrocolpopexy. A review of the patient databases from three specialty gynecology centers was performed from March 1996 to June 2002. Only patients with an infected graft after an abdominal sacrocolpopexy were included in the study; patients with either suture or graft erosion responding to conservative treatment were excluded. Twenty-two women, ages 37-73 years, developed infection of the synthetic graft after an abdominal sacrocolpopexy (1-60 months after their initial surgery, mean 8.8 months). The infected materials included polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, Goretex, n =15) and polypropylene (n=7). Nine of the 15 PTFE meshes and four of the seven polypropylene meshes were placed at the time of a contaminated case (abdominal hysterectomy [n=12], colon resection [n=1]). Eighteen (82%) of the infected grafts involved braided permanent suture to attach the graft to the vaginal wall, monofilament/non-braided permanent suture was used in three patients, and suture type could not be determined in one. All graft removals were attempted vaginally, and this was successful in 16 cases (73%). Two patients experienced significant bleeding: the first patient required an emergency laparotomy and the second patient's bleeding was controlled with packing. A rectovaginal fistula occurred 3 weeks postoperatively in one patient. Synthetic graft infection should be considered as the differential diagnosis in a patient who has undergone an abdominal sacrocolpopexy. Transvaginal removal is preferred, but is fraught with potentially serious complications. The use of braided permanent sutures to affix the graft to the

Abdominal Pain-Predominant Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Jordanian School Children.

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Altamimi, Eyad M; Al-Safadi, Mohammad H

2014-12-01

Recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) is a common complaint in children. Significant portion of them are of functional origin. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of abdominal pain-predominant functional gastrointestinal disorder (FGID) and its types in Jordanian school children. This is a school-based survey at south Jordan. Information using the self-reporting form of the Questionnaire on Pediatric Gastrointestinal Symptoms-Rome III Version (QPGS-RIII) - the official Arabic translation - was collected. Classes from academic years (grades) 6 - 8 were selected. SPSS Statistical Package Version 17 (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA) was used. Categorical data were analyzed using Fisher's exact test, and continuous data were analyzed using t -test. P abdominal pain-predominant FGID. Seventy-nine (68%) of them were females. Forty-seven (10.6%) had irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Thirty-six (8%), 17 (3.8%), 11 (2.4%) and five (1.1%) had abdominal migraine, functional abdominal pain, functional abdominal pain syndrome and functional dyspepsia, respectively. Abdominal pain-predominant FGID has become a major health issue in Jordanian children. One of four children between the ages of 11 and 15 years exhibits at least one abdominal pain-predominant FGID. The most common form of abdominal pain-predominant FGID in our children was IBS. Females are affected more often than males. Intestinal and extra-intestinal symptoms are seen regularly with abdominal pain-predominant FGIDs.

Abdominal ultrasound (image)

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Abdominal ultrasound is a scanning technique used to image the interior of the abdomen. Like the X- ... use high frequency sound waves to produce an image and do not expose the individual to radiation. ...

Complicações maternas decorrentes das cirurgias endoscópicas em Medicina fetal Maternal complications following endoscopic surgeries in fetal Medicine

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Cleisson Fábio Andrioli Peralta

2010-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: descrever as complicações maternas decorrentes dos procedimentos endoscópicos terapêuticos em Medicina fetal, realizados em um centro universitário no Brasil. MÉTODOS: estudo observacional retrospectivo que incluiu gestantes atendidas no período de Abril de 2007 a Maio de 2010. Esses casos foram submetidos aos seguintes procedimentos: ablação vascular placentária com laser (AVPL por síndrome de transfusão feto-fetal (STFF grave; oclusão traqueal fetal (OTF e retirada de balão traqueal por via endoscópica por hérnia diafragmática congênita (HDC grave e AVPL, com ou sem cauterização bipolar do cordão umbilical, por síndrome da perfusão arterial reversa (SPAR em gêmeo acárdico. As principais variáveis descritas para cada condição clínica/tipo de cirurgia foram as complicações maternas e a sobrevida (alta do berçário do neonato/lactente. RESULTADOS: cinquenta e seis gestantes foram submetidas a 70 procedimentos: STFF grave (34 pacientes; 34 cirurgias; HDC grave (16 pacientes; 30 cirurgias e SPAR (6 pacientes; 6 cirurgias. Entre as 34 gestantes tratadas com AVPL por STFF, duas (2/34=5,9% apresentaram perda de líquido amniótico para a cavidade peritoneal e sete (7/34=20,6% tiveram abortamento após os procedimentos. A sobrevida de pelo menos um gêmeo foi de 64,7% (22/34. Entre as 30 intervenções realizadas para HDC, houve perda de líquido amniótico para a cavidade peritoneal materna em um caso (1/30=3,3% e rotura prematura pré-termo de membranas após três (3/30=30% fetoscopias para retirada do balão traqueal. A sobrevida com alta do berçário foi de 43,8% (7/16. Entre os seis casos de SPAR, houve sangramento materno para a cavidade peritoneal após uma cirurgia (1/6=16,7% e a sobrevida com alta do berçário foi de 50% (3/6. CONCLUSÕES: em concordância com os dados disponíveis na literatura, em nosso centro, os benefícios relacionados às intervenções endoscópicas terapêuticas em casos de

Cerebrospinal fluid fistula after endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery: experience in a spanish center Fístula liquórica após cirurgia transesfenoidal endoscópica: experiência de um centro espanhol

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Alicia Del Carmen Becerra Romero

2010-06-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF fistula is the most serious complication after transsphenoidal surgery. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the incidence of CSF fistula after endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery for tumor removal in sellar region; to discuss associated factors and methods used for sellar closure. METHOD: Retrospective study of 67 patients (73 surgeries operated via transsphenoidal endoscopy at Hospital Vall D'Hebron and Hospital Clinic of the Universidad de Barcelona, Spain. The data collected included: age, sex, hospitalization stay, suprasellar extension of the lesion, type of tumor, evidence of intraoperative CSF fistula, complications of postoperative CSF fistula, previous surgery and radiotherapy. RESULTS: Six patients (8.2% had postoperative CSF fistula, and their average hospitalization was 5 days longer with resulting complications: two of whom had pneumoencephalus and two with meningitis. No association was found between the data collected and postoperative CSF fistula. CONCLUSION: The rate of CSF fistula after endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery from the present study is contained within the literature. Unlike other reports, no association between the variables and postoperative CSF fistula was found in this report.A fístula liquórica pós-operatória é a complicação mais séria após cirurgia transesfenoidal. OBJETIVO: Analisar a incidência de fístula liquórica após cirurgia endoscópica transesfenoidal para remoção de tumores selares, discutir fatores associados e método utilizado para fechamento selar. MÉTODO: Estudo retrospectivo de 67 pacientes (73 cirurgias operados via endoscopia transesfenoidal no Hospital Vall D'Hebron e Hospital Clínic da Universidad de Barcelona, Espanha. Os dados coletados foram: idade, sexo, dias de internação, extensão supra-selar da lesão, tipo de tumor, evidência de fístula liquórica intra-operatória, complicações da fístula liquórica p

Suporte básico de vida e suporte avançado de vida em cardiologia: proposta de uma nova estratégia para abordagem e prevenção das intercorrências clínicas em cirurgia dermatológica

OpenAIRE

Timoner,Fábio Roismann; Ferrari,Nelson Marcos; Ribeiro,Manoel Carlos Sampaio de Almeida; Plavnik,Frida Liane; Machado Filho,Carlos d'Aparecida Santos

2010-01-01

Com o aumento da complexidade cirúrgica e comorbidades da população, o risco de intercorrências clínicas em cirurgia dermatológica aumentou nas últimas décadas. Para sua abordagem foi criado um fluxograma baseado na tríade decisória formada pelo estado físico do paciente, grau de sedação e porte do procedimento, indicando o tipo de suporte cardiovascular em cada procedimento. Pacientes submetidos a cirurgias de "porte pequeno" e ASA < 2 devem receber suporte básico de vida; os submetidos a ci...

Nutrição em Cirurgia: Revisão de Literatura/ Nutrition in Surgery: Literature Review

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João Paulo Borges Rodrigues de Paula,

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Em pacientes cirúrgicos a prevalência da desnutrição está na faixade 28%-58% de todos os casos. Esse dado estatístico se assemelhatanto para países desenvolvidos como para os países emdesenvolvimento. O Inquérito Brasileiro de Nutrição(IBRANUTRI, realizados em hospitais do Sistema Único deSaúde (SUS em vários estados do país, revelou queaproximadamente 50% dos enfermos hospitalizados na rede SUSse encontram desnutridos de forma moderada a grave. Muitas dascomplicações no pós-operatório representam importante causa demorbidade e hospitalização em pacientes cronicamentedesnutridos. Com isso o estudo e o conhecimento do estadonutricional dos pacientes e o tratamento, caso esteja prejudicado, éde extrema importância para cirurgiões e nutricionistas. Medidasmultidisciplinares perioperatórias são indiscutíveis dentro darealidade de cirurgia, uma vez que, identificando e tratando adesnutrição em pacientes cirúrgicos, ocorrerá uma redução dascomplicações pós-operatórias, menor tempo de internaçãohospitalar e, consequentemente, menores gastos hospitalares, alémde proporcionar uma maior satisfação dos indivíduos.Palavras chave: Nutrição, Avaliação pré-operatória, Cirurgia. In surgical patients, the prevalence of malnutrition is in the rangeof 28% to 58% of all cases. This statistic is similar for bothdeveloped countries and for developing countries. The BrazilianNutrition Survey (IBRANUTRI, performed in hospitals of theUnified Health System (SUS in various states of the country,revealed that approximately 50% of sick hospitalized in SUS aremalnourished in a moderate to severe way. Many of postoperativecomplications are an important cause of morbidity andhospitalization in patients chronically malnourished.Multidisciplinary perioperative measures are indisputable withinreality in the surgery, once, identifying and treating malnutrition insurgical patients, will lead to a reduction of

[Abdominal wall actinomycosis. A report of a case].

Science.gov (United States)

Rojas Pérez-Ezquerra, Beatriz; Guardia-Dodorico, Lorena; Arribas-Marco, Teresa; Ania-Lahuerta, Aldonza; González Ballano, Isabel; Chipana-Salinas, Margot; Carazo-Hernández, Belén

2015-01-01

Abdominal wall Actinomycosis is a rare disease associated with the use of intrauterine device and as a complication of abdominal surgery. Diagnosis is difficult because it is unusual and behaves like a malignant neoplasm. A case report is presented of a patient who had used an intrauterine device for four years and developed a stony tumour in the abdominal wall associated with a set of symptoms that, clinically and radiologically, was simulating a peritoneal carcinomatosis associated with paraneoplastic syndrome, even in the course of an exploratory laparotomy. The patient attended our hospital with a two-month history of abdominal pain and symptoms that mimic a paraneoplastic syndrome. The diagnosis of abdominal actinomycosis was suspected by the finding of the microorganism in cervical cytology together with other cultures and Actinomyces negative in pathological studies, confirming the suspicion of a complete cure with empirical treatment with penicillin. Actinomycosis should be considered in patients with pelvic mass or abdominal wall mass that mimics a malignancy. Antibiotic therapy is the first treatment choice and makes a more invasive surgical management unnecessary. Copyright © 2015 Academia Mexicana de Cirugía A.C. Published by Masson Doyma México S.A. All rights reserved.

Radiological Signs of Intra-abdominal Gossypiboma

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Ferhat Çengel

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Gossypiboma is a mass lesion at the site of surgery due to a forgotten surgical sponge. Forgotten foreign bodies are mostly retained in the abdominal cavity but there are some cases in the thorax, cranium, breast, and an extremity. Gossypiboma should be considered, especially by radiologists, in patients with a history of surgery, who present with non-specific symptoms and abdominal mass. In this report, we describe the case of a female patient who presented with non-specific abdominal discomfort and fever about six months after open cholecystectomy. (The Me­di­cal Bul­le­tin of Ha­se­ki 2014; 52: 47-9

Functional Abdominal Pain: "Get" the Function, Loose the Pain.

Science.gov (United States)

Draeger-Muenke, Reinhild

2015-07-01

Functional abdominal pain is a mind-body, psychosocial, and self-reinforcing experience with significant consequences for the sufferer and the surrounding support network. The occurrence of unpredictable symptoms and their severity add an element of dread and feeling out-of-control to daily life and often reduce overall functioning in a downward spiral. Two clinical presentations of functional abdominal pain are offered in this article (composites to protect confidentiality) dealing with abdominal pain syndrome and abdominal migraines. The treatment demonstrates the use of hypnotic principles for self-regulation, exploration, and meaning-making. Hypnosis treatment is conducted in combination with mindfulness-based interventions and Traditional Chinese Medicine's (TCM) teachings regarding abdominal health and illness. The clinical examples illustrate medical findings that suggest children with early life stress and an early onset of gastrointestinal somatization may not simply outgrow their functional abdominal pain but may suffer into adulthood.

[Implementationof a low FODMAP dietforfunctional abdominal pain].

Science.gov (United States)

Baranguán Castro, María Luisa; Ros Arnal, Ignacio; García Romero, Ruth; Rodríguez Martínez, Gerardo; Ubalde Sainz, Eduardo

2018-04-20

The low FODMAP diet (fermentable oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polyols) has shown to be effective in adult patients with irritable bowel syndrome, but there are few studies on paediatric patients. The aim of this study is to assess the implementation and the outcomes of a low FODMAP diet in the treatment of functional abdominal pain in children from a Mediterranean area. A table was designed in which foods were classified according to their FODMAP content, as well as a 'Symptoms and Stools Diary'. A prospective study was conducted on children with functional abdominal pain in our Paediatric Gastroenterology Unit. A total of 22 patients were enrolled in the trial, and 20 completed it. Data were collected of the abdominal pain features over a period of 3 days, and then patients followed a two-week low FODMAP diet. Afterwards, information about abdominal pain features was collected again. After the diet, they showed fewer daily abdominal pain episodes compared to baseline (1.16 [IQR: 0.41-3.33] versus 2 [IQR: 1.33-6.33] daily episodes, P=.024), less pain severity compared to baseline (1.41cm [IQR: 0.32-5.23] versus 4.63cm [IQR: 2.51-6.39] measured by 10-cm Visual Analogue Scale, P=.035), less interference with daily activities, and less gastrointestinal symptoms. Only 15% of patients found it difficult to follow the diet. The implementation of a low FODMAP diet for 2 weeks in a Mediterranean paediatric population diagnosed with functional abdominal pain is possible with adapted diets. It was highly valued by patients, and they showed an improvement in abdominal pain symptoms assessed by objective methods. Copyright © 2018. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U.

Risk Assessment of Abdominal Wall Thickness Measured on Pre-Operative Computerized Tomography for Incisional Surgical Site Infection after Abdominal Surgery.

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Tongyoo, Assanee; Chatthamrak, Putipan; Sriussadaporn, Ekkapak; Limpavitayaporn, Palin; Mingmalairak, Chatchai

2015-07-01

The surgical site infection (SSI) is a common complication of abdominal operation. It relates to increased hospital stay, increased healthcare cost, and decreased patient's quality of life. Obesity, usually defined by BMI, is known as one of the risks of SSI. However, the thickness of subcutaneous layers of abdominal wall might be an important local factor affecting the rate of SSI after the abdominal operations. The objective of this study is to assess the importance of the abdominal wall thickness on incisional SSI rate. The subjects of the present study were patients who had undergone major abdominal operations at Thammasat University Hospital between June 2013 and May 2014, and had been investigated with CT scans before their operations. The demographic data and clinical information of these patients were recorded. The thickness ofsubcutaneous fatty tissue from skin down to the most superficial layer of abdominal wall muscle at the surgical site was measured on CT images. The wound infectious complication was reviewed and categorized as superficial and deep incisional SSIfollowing the definition from Centersfor Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines. The significance ofeach potentialfactors on SSI rates was determined separately with student t-test for quantitative data and χ2-test for categorical data. Then all factors, which had p operative CTscans. Post-operative SSI was 25.2% (35/139), superficial and deep types in 27 and 8 patients, respectively. The comparison of abdominal wall thickness between patients with and without infection was significantly different (20.0 ± 8.4 mm and 16.0 ± 7.2 mm, respectively). When the thickness at 20 mm was used as the cut-off value, 43 of 139 patients had abdominal wall thickness ≥ 20 mm. The incidence of SSI of the thickness ±20 mm group was 37.2% (16/43) and of the less thickness group was 19.8% (19/96), with p operation. However, only abdominal wall thickness and wound classification were still significant

[Factors associated with abdominal obesity in children].

Science.gov (United States)

Melzer, Matheus Ribeiro Theodósio Fernandes; Magrini, Isabella Mastrangi; Domene, Semíramis Martins Álvares; Martins, Paula Andrea

2015-12-01

To identify the association of dietary, socioeconomic factors, sedentary behaviors and maternal nutritional status with abdominal obesity in children. A cross-sectional study with household-based survey, in 36 randomly selected census tracts in the city of Santos/SP. 357 families were interviewed and questionnaires and anthropometric measurements were applied in mothers and their 3-0 years-old children. Assessment of abdominal obesity was made by maternal and child's waist circumference measurement; for classification used cut-off points proposed by World Health Organization (1998) and Taylor et al. (2000) were applied. The association between variables was performed by multiple logistic regression analysis. 30.5% of children had abdominal obesity. Associations with children's and maternal nutritional status and high socioeconomic status were shown in the univariate analysis. In the regression model, children's body mass index for age (OR=93.7; 95%CI 39.3-223.3), female gender (OR=4.1; 95%CI 1.8-9.3) and maternal abdominal obesity (OR=2.7; 95%CI 1.2-6.0) were significantly associated with children's abdominal obesity, regardless of the socioeconomic status. Abdominal obesity in children seems to be associated with maternal nutritional status, other indicators of their own nutritional status and female gender. Intervention programs for control of childhood obesity and prevention of metabolic syndrome should consider the interaction of the nutritional status of mothers and their children. Copyright © 2015 Sociedade de Pediatria de São Paulo. Publicado por Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.

Abdominal x-ray

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Abdominal film; X-ray - abdomen; Flat plate; KUB x-ray ... There is low radiation exposure. X-rays are monitored and regulated to provide the minimum amount of radiation exposure needed to produce the image. Most ...

Original Research Abdominal myomectomy: A retrospective review ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Abdominal myomectomy and outcome in Ilorin, Nigeria 37. Malawi Medical Journal 29 (1): ... rate of 3.34% has been reported for Maiduguri, northeastern. Nigeria.4 Abdominal ... of Nigeria.6. Infertility secondary to uterine fibroid is one of the.

Bladder distension as a cause of abdominal compartment syndrome

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yasir, M.; Hoda, M.Q.

2018-01-01

Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) is increasingly identified in critically ill patient and its harmful effects are well documented. The disparity among the pressure, volume in abdominal cavity and its contents, results in ACS. The actual incidence of ACS is not known. However, it has been observed predominantly in patients with severe blunt and penetrating abdominal trauma, ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms, retro- and intra-peritoneal hemorrhage, pneumoperitoneum, neoplasm, pancreatitis, ascites and multiple bone fracture. We present a case of 40-year female who underwent emergency cesarean section and developed abdominal compartment syndrome due to urinary bladder distension secondary to blockade of urinary catheter with blood clots. This is a very unusual cause of ACS. (author)

Synovial sarcoma of the abdominal wall

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Matushita, J.P.K.; Matushita, J.S.

1989-01-01

A case report of synovial sarcoma arising in the abdominal wall is presented. A brief review of the clinical and radiological features of synovial sarcoma is made. Pre-operative diagnosis of an abdominal wall synovial sarcoma is virtually impossible, but should be considered when a soft tissue swelling is found to show amorphous stippled calcification X-ray. (author) [pt

Abdominal fat indicators: anthropometry vs dual energy x-ray absortometry

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Maria Fátima Glaner

2008-06-01

Full Text Available Excessive abdominal fat contributes to the development of chronic nontransmissible diseases. Dual emission X Ray absorptiometry (DXA is a simple to administer technique that allows abdominal fat percentage (%abdominalFDXA to be determined. Anthropometric measurements, which have been validated and are of low cost, such as the abdominal circumferences 2.5cm above the umbilical scar (ABC2,5 and level with the umbilical scar (ABCum, are used as indicators of abdominal fat. Skin folds (SF are little used for this purpose. The objective of this study was to verify which of these anthropometric indicators best correlates with and best explains abdominalFDXA. The sample was made up of 22 women (43.9±11.6 years; 34.7±8.3 %G totalDXA and 18 men (31.9±11.6 years; 19.0±8.0 %G totalDXA who were measured for ABC2.5, ABCum, suprailiac SF (SI, midaxillary SF (AM and abdominal SF (AB, while abdominalF (L1-L4 was measured by DXA. Pearson’s correlation and multivariate linear regression (“enter” method were employed to verify the anthropometric measurements’ correlations and percentage of explanation with relation to abdominalFDXA. Strong correlations and significant levels of explanation (pResumoO excesso de gordura abdominal contribui no desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas não-transmissíveis. A absortometria de raio-X de dupla energia (AXDE é uma técnica de simples aplicação, que permite a mensuração do percentual de gordura abdominal (%G abdominalAXDE. As medidas antropométricas, validadas e de baixo custo, como os perímetros abdominal 2,5cm acima da cicatriz umbilical (PAB2,5 e ao nível da cicatriz umbilical (PABum, são empregadas como indicadores de gordura abdominal. As dobras cutâneas (DC são pouco estudadas nesse sentido. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi verificar quais destes indicadores antropométricos mais se correlacionam e explicam o %G abdominalAXDE. A amostra foi composta por 22 mulheres (43,9±11,6 anos; 34,7±8,3 %G

Predictors of abdominal injuries in blunt trauma.

Science.gov (United States)

Farrath, Samiris; Parreira, José Gustavo; Perlingeiro, Jacqueline A G; Solda, Silvia C; Assef, José Cesar

2012-01-01

To identify predictors of abdominal injuries in victims of blunt trauma. retrospective analysis of trauma protocols (collected prospectively) of adult victims of blunt trauma in a period of 15 months. Variables were compared between patients with abdominal injuries (AIS>0) detected by computed tomography or/and laparotomy (group I) and others (AIS=0, group II). Student's t, Fisher and qui-square tests were used for statistical analysis, considering p3) in head (18.5% vs. 7.9%), thorax (29.2% vs. 2.4%) and extremities (40.0% vs. 13.7%). The highest odds ratios for the diagnosis of abdominal injuries were associated flail chest (21.8) and pelvic fractures (21.0). Abdominal injuries were more frequently observed in patients with hemodynamic instability, changes in Glasgow coma scale and severe lesions to the head, chest and extremities.

ABDOMINAL OBESITY, AN ANTHROPOMETRIC PARAMETER PREDICTING METABOLIC DISORDERS

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Maricel Castellanos González

2011-08-01

Full Text Available Background: Waist circumference perimeter, as an indirect indicator of abdominal obesity, is commonly presented as an essential element in the clinical assessment of obesity. The link between abdominal obesity and insulin resistance is proposed as the core of metabolic syndrome’s pathophysiology and complications. Objective: To determine whether individuals with abdominal obesity present characteristics related to metabolic syndrome’s factors that differ from those observed in individuals with no abdominal obesity. Methods: A comparative analytical study was performed including cases control and design in two different groups. The sample was composed of 98 individuals of both sexes randomly selected out of a universe of 510 workers population at the Medical University of Cienfuegos from September to December 2005. They were all tested as to blood pressure, cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, fasting glucose and triglycerides. Results: Abdominal obesity was found in 30.6% of individuals. It was predominant in females (83.3% older than 40 years. The number of cases of obesity linked to hypertension was similar to the number of cases with low HDL cholesterol (53.3%. Impaired glucose was found in 16.7% of cases. Conclusions: Abdominal obesity is a health problem in the population included in this study and it increases as age does. Individuals with abdominal obesity are exposed to a higher risk of metabolic disorders, such as low levels of HDL cholesterol, high levels of triglycerides and total cholesterol, glucose alterations and hypertension.

Fatores preditivos de infecção no trauma de cólon

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Átila Varela Velho

Full Text Available Este trabalho procurou avaliar fatores preditivos de infecção no trauma de cólon e sua validade epidemiológica. Durante 24 meses, 160 pacientes com trauma de cólon foram estudados prospectivamente em um centro de trauma, onde foram analisados possíveis fatores de risco para complicações infecciosas como a idade, o mecanismo de trauma, a topografia da lesão, o Colon Organ Injury Scale (CIS, o Abdominal Trauma Index (ATI, a presença de choque, a técnica cirúrgica empregada, o grau de contaminação e o intervalo de tempo entre o trauma e a cirurgia. Como complicações infecciosas foram consideradas: infecção da ferida cirúrgica, abscesso intra-abdominal, abscesso retroperitoneal, peritonite e deiscência de sutura colônica. A análise estatística dos dados foi feita por Regressão Logística Múltipla. No grupo estudado, 152 pacientes eram do sexo masculino, a idade média foi de 27,8 ± 12 anos, 104 ferimentos foram produzidos por arma de fogo, 38 por arma branca e 18 foram contusos, sendo de 18 ± 9 o ATI médio. A análise dos fatores de risco para infecção mostrou que o grau de contaminação fecal, o escore CIS, o tempo decorrido entre o trauma e a cirurgia e a faixa etária correlacionaram-se com complicações infecciosas neste estudo. Com base nesses resultados foi traçado um perfil do paciente de risco para infecção no grupo estudado: homem, mais de 35 anos, com trauma abdominal penetrante, com Cis > 3 e contaminação fecal moderada ou grande, submetido à cirurgia após mais de três horas do trauma.

Postoperative abdominal complications after cardiopulmonary bypass

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Dong Guohua

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background To summarize the diagnostic and therapeutic experiences on the patients who suffered abdominal complications after cardiovascular surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB. Methods A total of 2349 consecutive patients submitted to cardiovascular surgery with CPB in our hospital from Jan 2004 to Dec 2010 were involved. The clinical data of any abdominal complication, including its incidence, characters, relative risks, diagnostic measures, medical or surgical management and mortality, was retrospectively analyzed. Results Of all the patients, 33(1.4% developed abdominal complications postoperatively, including 11(33.3% cases of paralytic ileus, 9(27.3% of gastrointestinal haemorrhage, 2(6.1% of gastroduodenal ulcer perforation, 2(6.1% of acute calculus cholecystitis, 3(9.1% of acute acalculus cholecystitis, 4(12.1% of hepatic dysfunction and 2(6.1% of ischemia bowel diseases. Of the 33 patients, 26 (78.8% accepted medical treatment and 7 (21.2% underwent subsequent surgical intervention. There were 5(15.2% deaths in this series, which was significantly higher than the overall mortality (2.7%. Positive history of peptic ulcer, advanced ages, bad heart function, preoperative IABP support, prolonged CPB time, low cardiac output and prolonged mechanical ventilation are the risk factors of abdominal complications. Conclusions Abdominal complications after cardiovascular surgery with CPB have a low incidence but a higher mortality. Early detection and prompt appropriate intervention are essential for the outcome of the patients.

Absent abdominal muscles, nephro-urologic abnormalities, and ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Absent abdominal muscles, cryptorchidism, and hydroureteronephrosis are known to occur in the prune belly syndrome (PBS). We present a male with absent abdominal muscles, severe neurologic damage, with global developmental delay, hydroureteronephrosis, and cryptorchidism. The patient also had arthrogryposis ...

PATTERN AND OUTCOME OF ABDOMINAL INJURIES AT ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hi-tech

2006-01-01

Jan 1, 2006 ... a significant cause of abdominal injuries in Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH). The rate-of ... of selective management of abdominal injuries in. 1960 by ..... that pays great attention to the condition of the patient. (11). To aid in ...

Cirurgia da catarata infantil unilateral Unilateral pediatric cataract surgery

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Adriana Maria Drummond Brandão

2008-04-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Analisar os resultados visuais de uma série de crianças operadas de catarata unilateral. MÉTODOS: Um estudo retrospectivo foi realizado através da análise de 35 prontuários médicos do Serviço de Catarata Congênita da UNIFESP/EPM. RESULTADOS: Quanto à etiologia, a primeira causa de catarata foi idiopática, a segunda causa foi o trauma e a terceira foi a rubéola congênita. Em 51,4% dos olhos tinham acuidade visual pré-operatória de ausência de fixação. E em 42,8% dos casos operados a acuidade visual final foi igual ou melhor que 20/200. DISCUSSÃO: Embora a cirurgia em catarata unilateral seja motivo de controvérsias entre os oftalmologistas, obteve-se melhora de acuidade visual em número significativo de casos.PURPOSE: To analyze the results in a series of children submitted to unilateral cataract surgery. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted through the analysis of 35 patient files from the Congenital Cataract Service of UNIFESP/EPM. RESULTS: The main cause of unilateral cataract was idiopathic, the second cause was ocular trauma and the third cause was congenital rubella. Initial visual acuity was very poor in 51.4% of the cases (did not fix or follow, and the best corrected final visual acuity was better than 20/200 in 42.8% of the eyes. DISCUSSION: Although controversial, the surgical treatment of unilateral cataract, in this study, showed improvement in many cases.

A Rare Cause of Abdominal Pain; Celiac Truncus Aneurysm

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Zulfu Birkan

2016-01-01

In this case we presented a patient who were admitted to surgery department with complaints of abdominal pain and nausea. There were no pathological findings on physical examination, direct abdominal x-ray, chest radiograph and biochemical parameters. At proximal of the celiac trunk, it was shown approximately 3x2 cm in size fusiform aneurysmal dilatation on the patient%u2019s abdominal ultrasonography and turbulence, arterial flow on the patient%u2019s abdominal doppler ultrasonography subsequently. In abdominal computed tomography we detected dense calcifications, dilatation and hypodensities that may belong to a thrombus in the lumen superior mesenteric vein (SMV. At the same time, approximately 3.5 cm segment of trunk celiak we observed aneurysm dilatation which reaching 2 cm at the widest point. Celiac trunk aneurysm is a rare cause of abdominal pain and often noticed after the complicated, thus it must always be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis.

Abdominal paracentesis and thoracocentesis.

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Lee, Ser Yee; Pormento, James G; Koong, Heng Nung

2009-04-01

Abdominal paracentesis and thoracocentesis are common bedside procedures with diagnostic, therapeutic and palliative roles. We describe a useful and familiar a useful and familiar technique with the use of a multiple lumen catheter commonly used for central venous line insertion for drainage of ascites or moderate to large pleural effusions. The use of a multiple lumen catheter allows easier and more rapid aspiration of fluid with a smaller probability of the side holes being blocked as compared to the standard needle or single catheter methods. This is particularly useful in situations where the dedicated commercial kits for thoracocentesis and abdominal paracentesis are not readily available.

Laparoscopic Bullet Removal in a Penetrating Abdominal Gunshot

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Christos Stefanou

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Penetrating abdominal trauma has been traditionally treated by exploratory laparotomy. Nowadays laparoscopy has become an accepted practice in hemodynamically stable patient without signs of peritonitis. We report a case of a lower anterior abdominal gunshot patient treated laparoscopically. A 32-year-old male presented to the Emergency Department with complaint of gunshot penetrating injury at left lower anterior abdominal wall. The patient had no symptoms or obvious bleeding and was vitally stable. On examination we identified 1 cm diameter entry wound at the left lower abdominal wall. The imaging studies showed the bullet in the peritoneal cavity but no injured intraperitoneal and retroperitoneal viscera. We decided to remove the bullet laparoscopically. Twenty-four hours after the intervention the patient was discharged. The decision for managing gunshot patients should be based on clinical and diagnostic findings. Anterior abdominal injuries in a stable patient without other health problems can be managed laparoscopically.

Febre crônica associada a abscesso esplênico causado por Staphylococcus epidermidis Chronic fever associated with splenic abscess due to Staphylococcus epidermidis

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Juliana Salles de Carvalho

2007-10-01

Full Text Available Abscessos ocultos são causa freqüente de febre crônica. Os abscessos esplênicos são entidades raras, usualmente associadas a quadros subjacentes de cirurgia abdominal, endocardite ou imunodepressão. Apresenta-se um caso de paciente com febre prolongada causada por um abscesso esplênico, cujo principal diagnóstico diferencial era leishmaniose visceral, que provavelmente esteve associado a traumatismo abdominal. O tratamento consistiu em antibioticoterapia seguida de esplenectomia.Occult abscesses are frequent causes of chronic fever. Splenic abscesses are rare entities that are usually associated with underlying conditions such as abdominal surgery, endocarditis or immunodepression. We report on the case of a patient with prolonged fever caused by a splenic abscess, whose main differential diagnosis was visceral leishmaniasis. However, this condition was probably related to abdominal trauma. The treatment consisted of antibiotics followed by splenectomy.

Contralateral Abdominal Pocketing in Salvation of Replanted Fingertips with Compromised Circulation

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Hyung-Sup Shim

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Abdominal pocketing is one of the most useful methods in salvation of compromised replanted fingertips. Abdominal pocketing has generally been performed in the ipsilateral lower abdominal quadrant, but we have also performed contralateral pocketing at our institute. To determine which approach is more beneficial, a total of 40 patients underwent an abdominal pocketing procedure in either the ipsilateral or contralateral lower abdominal quadrant after fingertip replantation. Dates of abdominal pocketing after initial replantation, detachment after abdominal pocketing, range of motion (ROM before abdominal pocketing, and sequential ROM after the detachment operation and date of full ROM recovery and Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire (DASH score were recorded through medical chart review. Mean detachment date, mean abduction of shoulder after the detachment operation, and mean days to return to full ROM were not significantly different between the ipsilateral and contralateral pocketing groups. However, the mean DASH score was significantly lower in the contralateral group than the ipsilateral group. There were also fewer postoperative wound complications in the contralateral group than in the ipsilateral group. We, therefore, recommend contralateral abdominal pocketing rather than ipsilateral abdominal pocketing to increase patient comfort and reduce pain and complications.

Contralateral Abdominal Pocketing in Salvation of Replanted Fingertips with Compromised Circulation

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Shim, Hyung-Sup; Kim, Dong-Hwi; Kwon, Ho; Jung, Sung-No

2014-01-01

Abdominal pocketing is one of the most useful methods in salvation of compromised replanted fingertips. Abdominal pocketing has generally been performed in the ipsilateral lower abdominal quadrant, but we have also performed contralateral pocketing at our institute. To determine which approach is more beneficial, a total of 40 patients underwent an abdominal pocketing procedure in either the ipsilateral or contralateral lower abdominal quadrant after fingertip replantation. Dates of abdominal pocketing after initial replantation, detachment after abdominal pocketing, range of motion (ROM) before abdominal pocketing, and sequential ROM after the detachment operation and date of full ROM recovery and Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire (DASH) score were recorded through medical chart review. Mean detachment date, mean abduction of shoulder after the detachment operation, and mean days to return to full ROM were not significantly different between the ipsilateral and contralateral pocketing groups. However, the mean DASH score was significantly lower in the contralateral group than the ipsilateral group. There were also fewer postoperative wound complications in the contralateral group than in the ipsilateral group. We, therefore, recommend contralateral abdominal pocketing rather than ipsilateral abdominal pocketing to increase patient comfort and reduce pain and complications. PMID:25379539

Temporary abdominal closure with zipper-mesh device for management of intra-abdominal sepsis

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Edivaldo Massazo Utiyama

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: to present our experience with scheduled reoperations in 15 patients with intra-abdominal sepsis. METHODS: we have applied a more effective technique consisting of temporary abdominal closure with a nylon mesh sheet containing a zipper. We performed reoperations in the operating room under general anesthesia at an average interval of 84 hours. The revision consisted of debridement of necrotic material and vigorous lavage of the involved peritoneal area. The mean age of patients was 38.7 years (range, 15 to 72 years; 11 patients were male, and four were female. RESULTS: forty percent of infections were due to necrotizing pancreatitis. Sixty percent were due to perforation of the intestinal viscus secondary to inflammation, vascular occlusion or trauma. We performed a total of 48 reoperations, an average of 3.2 surgeries per patient. The mesh-zipper device was left in place for an average of 13 days. An intestinal ostomy was present adjacent to the zipper in four patients and did not present a problem for patient management. Mortality was 26.6%. No fistulas resulted from this technique. When intra-abdominal disease was under control, the mesh-zipper device was removed, and the fascia was closed in all patients. In three patients, the wound was closed primarily, and in 12 it was allowed to close by secondary intent. Two patients developed hernia; one was incisional and one was in the drain incision. CONCLUSION: the planned reoperation for manual lavage and debridement of the abdomen through a nylon mesh-zipper combination was rapid, simple, and well-tolerated. It permitted effective management of severe septic peritonitis, easy wound care and primary closure of the abdominal wall.

Aplicação do monitor Narcotrend® para avaliar a profundidade da anestesia em crianças submetidas à cirurgia cardíaca: estudo prospectivo e controlado

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Yiyan Jiang

2013-06-01

Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Investigar a eficácia clínica, segurança e viabilidade do monitor Narcotrend® para avaliar a profundidade da anestesia em crianças com doença cardíaca congênita (DCC submetidas à cirurgia cardíaca. MÉTODOS: Foram randomicamente selecionadas 80 crianças submetidas à anestesia geral em cirurgia seletiva. As crianças foram divididas em dois grupos de forma aleatória (n = 40 por grupo. No grupo Narcotrend, a profundidade da anestesia foi monitorada com o Narcotrend. No grupo padrão, a profundidade da anestesia foi controlada de acordo com a experiência clínica. A pressão arterial média (PAM e a frequência cardíaca (FC foram determinadas e a dose de fentanil e relaxante muscular e os tempos de recuperação e de extubação foram registrados. RESULTADOS: Em ambos os grupos, os sinais vitais apresentaram-se estáveis durante a cirurgia. No grupo Narcotrend, a PAM e a FC foram mais estáveis, a dose total de fentanil e relaxante muscular significativamente menor e os tempos de recuperação e extubação acentuadamente mais reduzidos em comparação com o grupo padrão. CONCLUSÃO: A aplicação do monitor Narcotrend para medir a profundidade da anestesia foi útil para controlar a profundidade da anestesia em crianças com DCC que receberam anestesia intravenosa total, na qual uma pequena quantidade de narcóticos pode obter a anestesia ideal. Além disso, os tempos de recuperação e extubação foram menores e os efeitos secundários, como sensibilização intraoperatória, puderam ser evitados.

Hernia Following Blunt Abdominal Trauma

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N Aghaie

2009-10-01

Full Text Available Traumatic abdominal wall hernia is a rare type of hernia, which follows blunt trauma to the abdomen, where disruption of the musculature and fascia occurs with the overlying skin remaining intact. Diagnosis of this problem is very difficult and delayed. Traumatic hernia is often diagnosed during laparatomy or laparascopy, but CT scan also has a role in distinguishing this pathology. Delay in diagnosis is very dangerous and can result in gangrene and necrosis of the organs in the hernia. The case report of a 35 years old man with liftruck blunt trauma is reported. His vital signs were stable. On physical examination, tenderness of RUQ was seen. He underwent Dpl for suspected hemoprotein. Dpl was followed up by laparatomy. Laparatomy revealed that the transverse and ascending colon partially herniated in the abdominal wall defect. The colon was reduced in the abdomen and repair of abdominal hernia was done. The patient was discharged after 5 day. The etiology, pathogenesis and management are discussed.

Predictors of "occult" intra-abdominal injuries in blunt trauma patients.

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Parreira, José Gustavo; Malpaga, Juliano Mangini Dias; Olliari, Camilla Bilac; Perlingeiro, Jacqueline A G; Soldá, Silvia C; Assef, José Cesar

2015-01-01

to assess predictors of intra-abdominal injuries in blunt trauma patients admitted without abdominal pain or abnormalities on the abdomen physical examination. We conducted a retrospective analysis of trauma registry data, including adult blunt trauma patients admitted from 2008 to 2010 who sustained no abdominal pain or abnormalities on physical examination of the abdomen at admission and were submitted to computed tomography of the abdomen and/or exploratory laparotomy. Patients were assigned into: Group 1 (with intra-abdominal injuries) or Group 2 (without intra-abdominal injuries). Variables were compared between groups to identify those significantly associated with the presence of intra-abdominal injuries, adopting ptrauma mechanism (ptrauma mechanism (p=0.008 - OR 2.85; 95%CI 1.13-6.22) and abnormal neurological physical exam at admission (p=0.015 - OR 0.44; 95%CI 0.22-0.85). Intra-abdominal injuries were predominantly associated with trauma mechanism and presence of chest injuries.

Epidemiology and contemporary management of abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Science.gov (United States)

Ullery, Brant W; Hallett, Richard L; Fleischmann, Dominik

2018-05-01

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is most commonly defined as a maximal diameter of the abdominal aorta in excess of 3 cm in either anterior-posterior or transverse planes or, alternatively, as a focal dilation ≥ 1.5 times the diameter of the normal adjacent arterial segment. Risk factors for the development of AAA include age > 60, tobacco use, male gender, Caucasian race, and family history of AAA. Aneurysm growth and rupture risk appear to be associated with persistent tobacco use, female gender, and chronic pulmonary disease. The majority of AAAs are asymptomatic and detected incidentally on various imaging studies, including abdominal ultrasound, and computed tomographic angiography. Symptoms associated with AAA may include abdominal or back pain, thromboembolization, atheroembolization, aortic rupture, or development of an arteriovenous or aortoenteric fistula. The Screening Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms Efficiently (SAAAVE) Act provides coverage for a one-time screening abdominal ultrasound at age 65 for men who have smoked at least 100 cigarettes and women who have family history of AAA disease. Medical management is recommended for asymptomatic patients with AAAs  5 mm/6 months), or presence of a fusiform aneurysm with maximum diameter of 5.5 cm or greater. Intervention for AAA includes conventional open surgical repair and endovascular aortic stent graft repair.

Effect of Gender on the Total Abdominal Fat, Intra-Abdominal Adipose Tissue and Abdominal Sub-Cutaneous Adipose Tissue among Indian Hypertensive Patients.

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Sahoo, Jaya Prakash; Kumari, Savita; Jain, Sanjay

2016-04-01

Abdominal obesity is a better marker of adverse metabolic profile than generalized obesity in hypertensive subjects. Further, gender has effect on adiposity and its distribution. Effect of gender on obesity and the distribution of fat in different sub-compartments of abdomen among Indian hypertensive subjects. This observational study included 278 adult subjects (Males-149 & Females-129) with essential hypertension from a tertiary care centre in north India over one year. A detailed history taking and physical examination including anthropometry were performed in all patients. Total Abdominal Fat (TAF) and abdominal adipose tissue sub-compartments like Intra-Abdominal Adipose Tissue (IAAT) and Sub-Cutaneous Adipose Tissue (SCAT) were measured using the predictive equations developed for Asian Indians. Female hypertensive subjects had higher Body Mass Index (BMI) with more overweight (BMI ≥ 23kg/m(2)), and obesity (BMI≥ 25 kg/m(2)). Additionally, they had higher prevalence of central obesity based on both Waist Circumference (WC) criteria (WC≥ 90 cm in males and WC≥ 80 cm in females) and TAF criteria {≥245.6 cm(2) (males) and ≥203.46 cm(2) (females)} than male patients. But there was no difference in the prevalence of central obesity based on Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) criteria (WHR ≥0.90 in males and WHR ≥ 0.85 in females) between two genders. High TAF & IAAT were present in more females although there was no difference in the distribution of high SCAT between two genders. Female hypertensive subjects were more obese with higher abnormal TAF & IAAT compared to male patients. However, there was no difference in the distribution of high SCAT among them.

Reproducibility of abdominal fat assessment by ultrasound and computed tomography.

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Mauad, Fernando Marum; Chagas-Neto, Francisco Abaeté; Benedeti, Augusto César Garcia Saab; Nogueira-Barbosa, Marcello Henrique; Muglia, Valdair Francisco; Carneiro, Antonio Adilton Oliveira; Muller, Enrico Mattana; Elias Junior, Jorge

2017-01-01

To test the accuracy and reproducibility of ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) for the quantification of abdominal fat in correlation with the anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical assessments. Using ultrasound and CT, we determined the thickness of subcutaneous and intra-abdominal fat in 101 subjects-of whom 39 (38.6%) were men and 62 (61.4%) were women-with a mean age of 66.3 years (60-80 years). The ultrasound data were correlated with the anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical parameters, as well as with the areas measured by abdominal CT. Intra-abdominal thickness was the variable for which the correlation with the areas of abdominal fat was strongest (i.e., the correlation coefficient was highest). We also tested the reproducibility of ultrasound and CT for the assessment of abdominal fat and found that CT measurements of abdominal fat showed greater reproducibility, having higher intraobserver and interobserver reliability than had the ultrasound measurements. There was a significant correlation between ultrasound and CT, with a correlation coefficient of 0.71. In the assessment of abdominal fat, the intraobserver and interobserver reliability were greater for CT than for ultrasound, although both methods showed high accuracy and good reproducibility.

Estudo prospectivo de pacientes pediátricos com dor abdominal crônica Prospective study of infants with chronic abdominal pain

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Tatiana Kores Dorsa

2007-09-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Classificar a dor abdominal crônica em crianças e adolescentes por meio dos critérios de Roma II e definir o desfecho diagnóstico em três anos de seguimento. MÉTODOS: Durante um ano, 71 pacientes com dor abdominal crônica foram atendidos como casos novos num ambulatório terciário de gastroenterologia pediátrica. Causas orgânicas foram excluídas por bases clínicas e laboratoriais, e relatos clínicos foram avaliados especificamente quanto à possibilidade de preencherem os Critérios de Roma II para dor abdominal em crianças. Para estabelecer o diagnóstico definitivo, os pacientes foram seguidos por três anos, em média. RESULTADOS: A alocação dos 71 pacientes segundo Roma II foi: doença orgânica (n=12, remissão dos sintomas após a primeira consulta (n=7, ou preencheram os critérios para dor funcional (n=52. Dos 12 pacientes de doença orgânica, nove foram diagnosticados como intolerantes à lactose, mas foram re-alocados para doença funcional no seguimento, visto que a dieta de isenção não aliviou a queixa. Dos 52 pacientes com doença funcional (idade mediana=9,3 anos, 50% meninos, nove, que inicialmente preencheram o critério para dor abdominal funcional, foram re-alocados no diagnóstico de constipação funcional e 43 mantiveram o diagnóstico funcional: 24 com dispepsia funcional, 18 com dor abdominal funcional e um com síndrome do intestino irritável. CONCLUSÕES: Dentre os casos de dor abdominal crônica, a dor do tipo funcional foi mais comum que as causas orgânicas e, dentre os seus subgrupos, a dispepsia funcional foi mais freqüente. O seguimento em longo prazo permitiu estabelecer o diagnóstico definitivo da origem da dor abdominal nessas crianças.OBJECTIVE: To classify chronic abdominal pain in children and adolescents, according to Rome II criteria and to define diagnosis outcome in a three-year follow-up period. METHODS: During one year, 71 consecutive new patients with abdominal pain

Intra-abdominal fat area measurement using chest CT data

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Moriya, Hiroshi; Midorikawa, Shigeo; Hashimoto, Kouji; Ishii, Akira; Saitou, Kumi; Andou, Tomonori; Kitamura, Naoko; Sakuma, Koutarou

2007-01-01

Intra-abdominal fat obesity, which is linked with the metabolic syndrome, is usually characterized by measuring intra-abdominal fat area at the umbilical level of abdominal CT scan. In recent year, the chances of chest CT scanning are increased, as lung cancer screening survey or individual medical examination. Thus, we presented a method of measuring the areas of intra-abdominal fat and subcutaneous fat at the lower slice of chest CT scan. Fat areas found with this method were significantly correlated with those obtained at the umbilical level. (author)

Unusual initial abdominal presentations of invasive meningococcal disease.

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Guiddir, Tamazoust; Gros, Marion; Hong, Eva; Terrade, Aude; Denizon, Mélanie; Deghmane, Ala-Eddine; Taha, Muhamed-Kheir

2018-03-28

Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is recognized as septicemia and/or meningitis. However, early symptoms may vary and are frequently nonspecific. Early abdominal presentations have been increasingly described. We aimed to explore a large cohort of patients with initial abdominal presentations for association with particular meningococcal strains. Confirmed IMD cases in France between 1991-2016 were screened for the presence within the 24 hours before diagnosis of at least one of the following criteria (1) abdominal pain, (2) gastro-enteritis with diarrhea and vomiting, (3) diarrhea only. Whole genome sequencing was performed on all cultured isolates. We identified 105 cases (median age 19 years) of early abdominal presentations with a sharp increase since 2014. Early abdominal pain alone was the most frequent symptom (n=67, 64%), followed by gastro-enteritis (n=26, 25%) and diarrhea alone (n=12, 11%). Twenty patients (20%) had abdominal surgery. A higher case fatality rate (24%) was observed in these cases compared to 10.4% in all IMD in France (p=0.007) with high levels of inflammation markers in the blood. Isolates of group W were significantly more predominant in these cases compared to all IMD. Most of these isolates belonged to clonal complex ST-11 (cc11) of the sublineages of the South American-UK strain. Abdominal presentations are frequently provoked by hyperinvasive isolates of meningococci. Delay in the management of these cases and the virulence of the isolates may explain the high fatality rate. Rapid recognition is a key element to improve their management.

Laparoscopy in unexplained abdominal pain: surgeon's perspective

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abdullah, M.T.; Waqar, S.H.; Zahid, M.A.

2016-01-01

Unexplained abdominal pain is a common but difficult presenting feature faced by the clinicians. Such patients can undergo a number of investigations with failure to reach any diagnosis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of laparoscopy in the diagnosis and management of patients with unexplained abdominal pain. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences Islamabad from January 2009 to December 2013. This study included 91 patients of unexplained abdominal pain not diagnosed by routine clinical examination and investigations. These patients were subjected to diagnostic laparoscopy for evaluation of their conditions and to confirm the diagnosis. These patients presented 43% of patients undergoing investigations for abdominal pain. Patients diagnosed with gynaecological problems were excluded to see surgeon's perspective. The findings and the outcomes of the laparoscopy were recorded and data was analyzed. Results: Unexplained abdominal pain is common in females than in males. The most common laparoscopic findings were abdominal tuberculosis followed by appendicitis. Ninety percent patients achieved pain relief after laparoscopic intervention. Conclusion: Laparoscopy is both beneficial and safe in majority of patients with unexplained abdominal pain. General surgeons should acquire training and experience in laparoscopic surgery to provide maximum benefit to these difficult patients. (author)

Recurrent desmoid tumor of the abdominal wall | Toughrai | Pan ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Desmoid tumors most often occur in abdominal wall. Their tendency to recur lead to repeated operations which can make the abdominal wall reconstruction difficult. We report a 28-year-old female history. The patient was referred to our hospital for a recurrent desmoid tumor of the abdominal wall. The tumor was totally ...

ABDOMINAL TRAUMA- CLINICAL STUDY

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Vanaja Ratnakumari Billa

2017-08-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND In the recent times there has been increased incidence of abdominal trauma cases due to several causes. Quick and prompt intervention is needed to decrease the mortality of the patients. So we conducted a study to assess the cause and the management of abdominal trauma cases in our institution. The aim of this study was to know the incidence of blunt and penetrating injuries and their causes, age and sex incidence, importance of various investigations, mode of treatment offered and post-operative complications. To study the cause of death and evolve better management. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study comprises of patients admitted to and operated in various surgical units in the Department of Surgery at Government General Hospital, attached to Guntur Medical College Guntur, from August 2014 to October 2016. RESULTS Increase incidence seen in age group 20-29 years (30%. Male predominance 77.5%. Mechanism of injury–road traffic accidents 65%. Isolated organ injury–colon and rectum 40%. Other associated injuries–chest injuries with rib fractures 7.5%. Complications–wound infection 17.5%. Duration of hospital stay 8–14 days. Bowel injury management–closure of perforation 84.6%. Resection anastomosis 15.38%. CONCLUSION Thorough clinical examination, diagnostic paracentesis, plain X-ray erect abdomen and ultrasound proved to be very helpful in the diagnosis of intra-abdominal injuries. Spleen is the commonest organ involved in blunt trauma and colon is the commonly injured organ in penetrating abdominal trauma, many patients have associated extremity and axial skeleton injuries. With advances in diagnosis and intensive care technologies, most patients of solid visceral injuries with hemodynamic stability can be managed conservatively. Surgical site infection is the most common complication following surgery. The mortality is high; reason might be patient reaching the hospital late, high incidence of postoperative septic

Functional abdominal pain syndrome treated with Korean medication

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Chang-Gue Son

2014-06-01

Full Text Available A 37-year-old female patient with chronic and stubborn abdominal pain had been hospitalized five times in three Western hospitals, but no effects were observed. No abnormalities were found in blood tests, gastrointestinal endoscopy, sonogram, and computed tomography of the abdomen, except mild paralytic ileus. The patient decided to rely on Korean medicine as an inpatient. She was diagnosed with functional abdominal pain syndrome, and her symptom differentiation was the “Yang deficiency of spleen and kidney.” A herbal drug, Hwangikyeji-tang, along with moxibustion and acupuncture, was given to the patient. Abdominal pain and related symptoms were reduced radically within 16 days of treatment. This report shows a therapeutic potential of Korean medicine-based treatment for functional abdominal pain syndrome.

Functional abdominal pain syndrome treated with Korean medication.

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Son, Chang-Gue

2014-06-01

A 37-year-old female patient with chronic and stubborn abdominal pain had been hospitalized five times in three Western hospitals, but no effects were observed. No abnormalities were found in blood tests, gastrointestinal endoscopy, sonogram, and computed tomography of the abdomen, except mild paralytic ileus. The patient decided to rely on Korean medicine as an inpatient. She was diagnosed with functional abdominal pain syndrome, and her symptom differentiation was the " Yang deficiency of spleen and kidney ." A herbal drug, Hwangikyeji-tang , along with moxibustion and acupuncture, was given to the patient. Abdominal pain and related symptoms were reduced radically within 16 days of treatment. This report shows a therapeutic potential of Korean medicine-based treatment for functional abdominal pain syndrome.

Abdominal fedme og fedmerelaterede sygdomme hos patienter i almen praksis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Haugan, Ketil; Rost, Dan; Knudsen, Nils

2010-01-01

Abdominal obesity is associated with type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia and hypertension. The prevalence of abdominal obesity and its relationship with these comorbidities have not previously been examined in Danish primary care patients.......Abdominal obesity is associated with type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia and hypertension. The prevalence of abdominal obesity and its relationship with these comorbidities have not previously been examined in Danish primary care patients....

A randomized, controlled trial of routine early abdominal computed tomography in patients presenting with non-specific acute abdominal pain

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sala, E.; Watson, C.J.E.; Beadsmoore, C.; Groot-Wassink, T.; Fanshawe, T.R.; Smith, J.C.; Bradley, A.; Palmer, C.R.; Shaw, A.; Dixon, A.K.

2007-01-01

Aim: To compare the effect of an initial early computed tomography (CT) examination versus standard practice (SP) on the length of hospital stay, diagnostic accuracy, and mortality of adults presenting with acute abdominal pain. Materials and methods: Two hundred and five adults presenting with acute abdominal pain were randomized to undergo an early CT examination or current SP, which comprised supine abdominal and erect chest radiography. One hundred and ninety-eight patients (99 in each arm) were included in the analysis. The primary endpoint was the duration of inpatient stay; secondary endpoints were diagnostic certainty and mortality. Results: There was no significant difference in the length of hospital stay between the two arms (p = 0.20). At randomization 36% (35 of 96) of CT patients and 49% (48 of 98) of SP patients were correctly diagnosed; 24 h after randomization the correct diagnosis had been established in 84% of CT patients and 73% of SP patients. This refinement in diagnostic certainty was significantly better in the CT group (p < 0.001). There was no difference in mortality between the two trial arms (p = 0.31). Conclusion: Early abdominal CT in patients with acute abdominal pain improves diagnostic certainty, but does not reduce the length of hospital stay and 6 month mortality

Intra-abdominal cryptococcosis in two dogs.

Science.gov (United States)

Malik, R; Hunt, G B; Bellenger, C R; Allan, G S; Martin, P; Canfield, P J; Love, D N

1999-08-01

Intra-abdominal cryptococcosis was diagnosed in two young dogs. The first, an entire male border collie, was presented with vomiting. An abdominal mass detected during physical examination proved to be cryptococcal mesenteric lymphadenitis on exploratory laparotomy. The second dog, a female neutered giant schnauzer, was presented with neurological signs suggestive of encephalopathy. Intestinal cryptococcal granulomas were detected in an extensive diagnostic investigation which included abdominal ultrasonography. The gastrointestinal tract was considered the most likely portal of entry for cryptococcal organisms in both cases. Both dogs were treated using surgery and multiagent antifungal chemotherapy. The first case succumbed despite therapy, while the second dog was treated successfully as gauged by return to clinical normality and a substantial decline in the cryptococcal antigen titre which continued to fall after cessation of treatment.

Ramos colaterais parietais e terminais da aorta abdominal em Myocastor coypus (nutria Terminal and parietal colateral branches of the abdominal aorta in Myocastor coypus (nutria

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Paulete de Oliveira Vargas Culau

2008-08-01

Full Text Available Neste estudo, utilizaram-se 30 nutrias, 15 fêmeas e 15 machos, com o sistema arterial aórtico-abdominal preenchido com látex 603, pigmentado em vermelho, e fixado em uma solução aquosa de formaldeído a 20%. A aorta abdominal emitiu de sua superfície dorsal de 6 a 8 artérias lombares únicas. Das artérias renais, direita e esquerda, originaram-se as artérias frênico-abdominal para irrigar parte do diafragma e da parede abdominal lateral cranial. A aorta abdominal lançou dorsalmente, a artéria sacral mediana, cranialmente a sua bifurcação em artérias ilíacas comuns. As artérias ilíacas comuns, ramos terminais da aorta abdominal, originaram as artérias ilíacas interna e externa. A artéria ilíaca interna distribuiu-se nas vísceras da cavidade pélvica. A artéria ilíaca externa emitiu uma artéria umbilical e, antes de alcançar o anel femoral, lançou a artéria circunflexa ilíaca profunda para a parede abdominal lateral, em seus dois terços caudais. A artéria ilíaca externa lançou o tronco pudendo-epigástrico, que originou a artéria epigástrica caudal, para a parede abdominal ventral e a artéria pudenda externa, que saiu pelo canal inguinal, para irrigar a genitália externa. Os ramos parietais diretos da aorta abdominal foram as artérias lombares e a artéria sacral mediana, enquanto as artérias frênico-abdominal, circunflexa ilíaca profunda e epigástrica caudal, foram ramos colaterais parietais indiretos. Os ramos terminais da artéria aorta abdominal foram as artérias ilíacas comuns com seus ramos, as artérias ilíacas interna e externa.For this study it was used 30 nutria, 15 females and 15 males, with its abdominal aorta system full filled with latex 603, stained in red, and fixed in an aqueous solution of formaldehyde 20%. The abdominal aorta emitted from its dorsal surface 6 to 8 single lumbar arteries. From the renal arteries, left and right, it has been originated the phrenicoabdominal arteries

Relevância de exames de rotina em pacientes de baixo risco submetidos a cirurgias de pequeno e médio porte

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Danielle de Sousa Soares

2013-04-01

Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A avaliação pré-operatória tem como objetivos diminuir a morbimortalidade do paciente cirúrgico, o custo do atendimento perioperatório e a ansiedade pré-operatória. A partir da avaliação clínica deve-se definir a necessidade de exames complementares e estratégias para reduzir o risco anestésico-cirúrgico. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o benefício de exames de rotina pré-operatório de pacientes de baixo risco em cirurgias de pequeno e médio porte. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, transversal, com 800 pacientes atendidos no consultório de avaliação pré-anestésica do Hospital Santo Antonio, Salvador, BA. Foram incluídos pacientes de 1 a 45 anos, estado físico ASA I, que seriam submetidos a cirurgias eletivas de pequeno e médio porte. Avaliaram-se alterações no hemograma, coagulograma, eletrocardiograma, RX de tórax, glicemia, função renal e dosagem de sódio e potássio e as eventuais mudanças de conduta que ocorreram decorrentes dessas alterações. RESULTADOS: Dos 800 pacientes avaliados, 97,5% fizeram hemograma, 89% coagulograma, 74,1% eletrocardiograma, 62% RX de tórax, 68% glicemia de jejum, 55,7% dosagens séricas de ureia e creatinina e 10,1% dosagens de sódio e potássio séricos. Desses 700 pacientes, 68 (9,71% apresentaram alteração nos exames pré-operatórios de rotina e apenas 10 (14,7% dos considerados alterados tiveram conduta pré-operatória modificada, ou seja, solicitação de novos exames, interconsulta ou adiamento do procedimento. Nenhuma das cirurgias foi suspensa. CONCLUSÃO: Observou-se que excessivos exames complementares são solicitados no pré-operatório, mesmo em pacientes jovens, de baixo risco cirúrgico, com pouca ou nenhuma interferência na conduta perioperatória. Exames aboratoriais padronizados não são bons instrumentos de screening de doenças, além de gerar gastos elevados e desnecessários.

Abdominal wall surgery

Science.gov (United States)

... as liposuction , which is another way to remove fat. But, abdominal wall surgery is sometimes combined with liposuction. ... from the middle and lower sections of your abdomen to make it firmer ... removes excess fat and skin (love handles) from the sides of ...

Reproducibility of abdominal fat assessment by ultrasound and computed tomography

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mauad, Fernando Marum; Chagas-Neto, Francisco Abaete; Benedeti, Augusto Cesar Garcia Saab; Nogueira-Barbosa, Marcello Henrique; Muglia, Valdair Francisco; Carneiro, Antonio Adilton Oliveira; Muller, Enrico Mattana; Elias Junior, Jorge, E-mail: fernando@fatesa.edu.br [Faculdade de Tecnologia em Saude (FATESA), Ribeirao Preto, SP (Brazil); Universidade de Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza, CE (Brazil). Departmento de Radiologia; Universidade de Sao Paulo (FMRP/USP), Ribeirao Preto, SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Medicina. Departmento de Medicina Clinica; Universidade de Sao Paulo (FFCLRP/USP), Ribeirao Preto, SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras; Hospital Mae de Deus, Porto Alegre, RS (Brazil)

2017-05-15

Objective: To test the accuracy and reproducibility of ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) for the quantification of abdominal fat in correlation with the anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical assessments. Materials and Methods: Using ultrasound and CT, we determined the thickness of subcutaneous and intra-abdominal fat in 101 subjects-of whom 39 (38.6%) were men and 62 (61.4%) were women-with a mean age of 66.3 years (60-80 years). The ultrasound data were correlated with the anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical parameters, as well as with the areas measured by abdominal CT. Results: Intra-abdominal thickness was the variable for which the correlation with the areas of abdominal fat was strongest (i.e., the correlation coefficient was highest). We also tested the reproducibility of ultrasound and CT for the assessment of abdominal fat and found that CT measurements of abdominal fat showed greater reproducibility, having higher intraobserver and interobserver reliability than had the ultrasound measurements. There was a significant correlation between ultrasound and CT, with a correlation coefficient of 0.71. Conclusion: In the assessment of abdominal fat, the intraobserver and interobserver reliability were greater for CT than for ultrasound, although both methods showed high accuracy and good reproducibility. (author)

Trauma abdominal em grávidas Abdominal trauma in pregnant women

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Gustavo Pereira Fraga

2005-09-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: avaliar os fatores indicativos (parâmetros clínicos e índices de gravidade fisiológicos e anatômicos da evolução materna e fetal entre gestantes vítimas de trauma abdominal submetidas à laparotomia e discutir as particularidades do atendimento nesta situação. MÉTODOS: análise retrospectiva dos prontuários de 245 mulheres com trauma abdominal e tratamento operatório, atendidas entre 1990 e 2002. Foram identificadas 13 gestantes com lesão abdominal submetidas à laparotomia. Para registro e análise estatística dos dados foram utilizados o protocolo Epi-Info 6.04 e o teste exato de Fisher, com intervalo de confiança de 95%. Foram relacionados com a mortalidade fetal: escore na escala de coma de Glasgow, pressão arterial sistólica, índices de trauma (RTS, ATI, ISS e lesão uterina. RESULTADOS: a idade variou de 13 a 34 anos (média de 22,5. Seis mulheres (46,2% estavam no terceiro trimestre de gestação. O trauma penetrante correspondeu a 53,8% das lesões e em seis dessas pacientes o mecanismo de trauma foi ferimento por projétil de arma de fogo. Três pacientes tiveram lesões uterinas, associadas com óbito fetal. Não houve óbito materno e a mortalidade fetal foi de 30,7%. Não houve associação entre os índices de trauma e a mortalidade materna e fetal. A lesão uterina foi o único fator preditivo de risco para perda fetal (p=0,014. CONCLUSÕES: apesar da casuística pequena e de se tratar de estudo retrospectivo de gestantes com trauma grave, os achados deste estudo mostram que não há indicadores com boa acurácia para indicação da evolução materna e fetal.PURPOSE: to evaluate the predictors (clinical findings and physiological and anatomical scores of the maternal and fetal outcomes among pregnant women victims of abdominal trauma who were submitted to laparotomy and to discuss particularities of assessment in this situation. METHODS: retrospective analysis of the medical records of 245 women with

Abdominal surgery in neonatal foals.

Science.gov (United States)

Bryant, James E; Gaughan, Earl M

2005-08-01

Abdominal surgery in foals under 30 days old has become more common with improved neonatal care. Early recognition of a foal at risk and better nursing care have increased the survival rates of foals that require neonatal care. The success of improved neonatal care also has increased the need for accurate diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal, umbilical, and bladder disorders in these foals. This chapter focuses on the early and accurate diagnosis of specific disorders that require abdominal exploratory surgery and the specific treatment considerations and prognosis for these disorders.

Abdominal aspergillosis: CT findings

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yeom, Suk Keu, E-mail: pagoda20@hanmail.net [Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 388-1, Poongnap2-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736 (Korea, Republic of); Kim, Hye Jin, E-mail: kimhyejin@amc.seoul.kr [Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 388-1, Poongnap2-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736 (Korea, Republic of); Byun, Jae Ho, E-mail: jhbyun@amc.seoul.kr [Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 388-1, Poongnap2-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736 (Korea, Republic of); Kim, Ah Young, E-mail: aykim@amc.seoul.kr [Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 388-1, Poongnap2-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736 (Korea, Republic of); Lee, Moon-Gyu, E-mail: mglee@amc.seoul.kr [Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 388-1, Poongnap2-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736 (Korea, Republic of); Ha, Hyun Kwon, E-mail: hkha@amc.seoul.kr [Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 388-1, Poongnap2-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736 (Korea, Republic of)

2011-03-15

Objective: In order to retrospectively evaluate the CT findings of abdominal aspergillosis in immunocompromised patients. Materials and methods: CT scans were reviewed with regard to the sites, number, morphologic appearance, attenuation, and the contrast enhancement patterns of the lesions in six patients (5 women, 1 man; mean age, 43.4 years; range, 23-59 years) with pathologically proved abdominal aspergillosis by two gastrointestinal radiologists in consensus. Medical records were also reviewed to determine each patient's clinical status and outcome. Results: All patients were immunocompromised state: 4 patients received immunosuppressive therapy for solid organ transplantation and 2 patients received chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia. Aspergillosis involved blood vessels (n = 3), liver (n = 2), spleen (n = 2), gastrointestinal tract (n = 2), native kidney (n = 1), transplanted kidney (n = 1), peritoneum (n = 1), and retroperitoneum (n = 1). CT demonstrated solid organ or bowel infarction or perforation secondary to vascular thrombosis or pseudoaneurysm, multiple low-attenuating lesions of solid organs presenting as abscesses, concentric bowel wall thickening mimicking typhlitis, or diffuse or nodular infiltration of the peritoneum and retroperitoneum. Conclusion: Familiarity with findings commonly presenting as angioinvasive features or abscesses on CT, may facilitate the diagnosis of rare and fatal abdominal aspergillosis.

Ceratectomia fotorrefrativa (PRK com mitomicina C a 0,02% para correção de grau acentuado de astigmatismo hipermetrópico composto secundário a cirurgia de ceratotomia radial (RK Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK with mitomicyn C 0,02% for the management of high degree of hyperopic astigmatism following radial keratectomy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adamo Lui Netto

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Descrever o efeito da cirurgia fotorrefrativa (PRK associada ao uso de mitomicina C a 0,02% para correção de grau acentuado de astigmatismo hipermetrópico composto apresentado após cirurgia de ceratotomia radial (RK realizada há 12 anos.To describe PRK with mitomicyn C effects for the management of high-degree hyperopic astigmatism following Radial Keratectomy performed 12 years ago.

Cirurgia do estapédio na residência: experiência do Hospital de Clínicas/UFPR Stapes surgery in residency: the ufpr clinical hospital experience

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Adriano Ulisses Caldart

2007-10-01

Full Text Available A cirurgia do estapédio permanece como tratamento consagrado para a otosclerose. Recentes publicações têm demonstrado que o sucesso cirúrgico nas cirurgias realizadas por médicos residentes tem diminuído e que os resultados audiológicos tem sido piores que os obtidos por cirurgiões experientes. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a experiência do serviço de otorrinolaringologia do Hospital de Clínicas/UFPR na realização de cirurgias do estapédio no programa de residência médica. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Estudo retrospectivo de 114 cirurgias do estapédio realizadas nos últimos 9 anos, em 96 pacientes. Os resultados audiométricos foram analisados conforme orientação do Committee on Hearing and Equilibrium e através do Amsterdam Hearing Evaluation Plots, considerando a melhora do gap pós-operatório e de limiares da via aérea. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 96 pacientes, na maioria adultos, do sexo feminino (67,7% e caucasianos (93,7%. Em 50,9% dos casos foi realizada estapedectomia, sendo a grande maioria sob anestesia local e sedação (96,5% e utilizando principalmente a prótese de Teflon (37,7%. A taxa de sucesso cirúrgico foi de 50,88%, com 11,4% de complicações. CONCLUSÃO: Os ganhos de audição pós-operatórios considerados como sucesso cirúrgico foram inferiores aos publicados na literatura por cirurgiões experientes.Surgery of the stapedius remains the established treatment for otosclerosis. Recent publications have showed that success in surgeries done by residents have decreased and hearing results are worse than those obtained by experienced otologic surgeons. AIM: To evaluate the experience of the otorhinolaryngology unit, Parana University, relative to stapes surgery done in the residency training program. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A retrospective study of 114 stapes surgeries done in the past 9 years in 96 patients. Audiometric results were analysed according to the Commitee on Hearing and Equilibrium guidelines and the Amsterdam

Evaluation of abdominal trauma by computed tomography and ultrasonography

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lee, Do Yun; Kim, Sang Jin; Lee, Jong Tae; Yoo, Hyung Sik [Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

1986-06-15

Out of 75 patients who were admitted to our hospital because of abdominal trauma and were undergone the procedures such as ultrasonography and/or CT scan within 24 hours of abdominal trauma due to suspected abdominal organ injury. We analyzed the results of 38 patients who were confirmed of diagnosis by operation, follow-up CT scan or ultrasonography. We analyzed the results of 38 patients who were confirmed of diagnosis by operation, follow-up CT scan or ultrasonography. 1. In the abdominal organ injury, solid organ injury consists of 8 cases of spleen laceration, 1 of splenic subcapsular hematoma, 7 of hepatic laceration, 7 of pancreas laceration, 3 of renal laceration, and 3 of subcapsular hematoma of kidney. 2. In addition, there were 7 bowel and/or mesenteric laceration, 2 diaphragmatic hernia, and 1 urethral rupture. 3. 2 cases of retroperitoneal hematoma and 1 case in which hemo peritoneum occurred without abdominal organ injury were confirmed by follow-up CT or ultrasonography. 4. In all of the 4 patients with multiple organ injury, pancreatic laceration was associated. 5. In abdominal trauma patients, ultrasonography or CT can be used to survey rapidly the entire abdomen for possible associated injury, and be of great help to clinicians in identifying the patients who need immediate surgery or in minimizing the incidence of unnecessary emergency abdominal exploration.

Evaluation of abdominal trauma by computed tomography and ultrasonography

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Do Yun; Kim, Sang Jin; Lee, Jong Tae; Yoo, Hyung Sik

1986-01-01

Out of 75 patients who were admitted to our hospital because of abdominal trauma and were undergone the procedures such as ultrasonography and/or CT scan within 24 hours of abdominal trauma due to suspected abdominal organ injury. We analyzed the results of 38 patients who were confirmed of diagnosis by operation, follow-up CT scan or ultrasonography. We analyzed the results of 38 patients who were confirmed of diagnosis by operation, follow-up CT scan or ultrasonography. 1. In the abdominal organ injury, solid organ injury consists of 8 cases of spleen laceration, 1 of splenic subcapsular hematoma, 7 of hepatic laceration, 7 of pancreas laceration, 3 of renal laceration, and 3 of subcapsular hematoma of kidney. 2. In addition, there were 7 bowel and/or mesenteric laceration, 2 diaphragmatic hernia, and 1 urethral rupture. 3. 2 cases of retroperitoneal hematoma and 1 case in which hemo peritoneum occurred without abdominal organ injury were confirmed by follow-up CT or ultrasonography. 4. In all of the 4 patients with multiple organ injury, pancreatic laceration was associated. 5. In abdominal trauma patients, ultrasonography or CT can be used to survey rapidly the entire abdomen for possible associated injury, and be of great help to clinicians in identifying the patients who need immediate surgery or in minimizing the incidence of unnecessary emergency abdominal exploration.

Maintenance of Pain in Children With Functional Abdominal Pain.

Science.gov (United States)

Czyzewski, Danita I; Self, Mariella M; Williams, Amy E; Weidler, Erica M; Blatz, Allison M; Shulman, Robert J

2016-03-01

A significant proportion of children with functional abdominal pain develop chronic pain. Identifying clinical characteristics predicting pain persistence is important in targeting interventions. We examined whether child anxiety and/or pain-stooling relations were related to maintenance of abdominal pain frequency and compared the predictive value of 3 methods for assessing pain-stooling relations (ie, diary, parent report, child report). Seventy-six children (7-10 years old at baseline) who presented for medical treatment of functional abdominal pain were followed up 18 to 24 months later. Baseline anxiety and abdominal pain-stooling relations based on pain and stooling diaries and child- and parent questionnaires were examined in relationship to the persistence of abdominal pain frequency. Children's baseline anxiety was not related to persistence of pain frequency. Children who, however, displayed irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms at baseline maintained pain frequency at follow-up, whereas in children in whom there was no relationship between pain and stooling, pain frequency decreased. Pain and stool diaries and parent report of pain-stooling relations were predictive of pain persistence but child-report questionnaires were not. The presence of IBS symptoms in school-age children with functional abdominal pain appears to predict persistence of abdominal pain over time, whereas anxiety does not. Prospective pain and stooling diaries and parent report of IBS symptoms were predictors of pain maintenance, but child report of symptoms was not.

Comparação entre nifedipina por via sublingual e clonidina por via venosa no controle de hipertensão arterial peri-operatória em cirurgias de catarata

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Stocche Renato Mestriner

2002-01-01

Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Estudo recente mostra que a clonidina por via venosa apresenta-se eficaz e segura no tratamento de crises hipertensivas durante cirurgia de catarata. Este estudo visa comparar o uso de nifedipina, droga amplamente utilizada por via sublingual, e clonidina por via venosa no controle da hipertensão arterial em cirurgias de catarata. MÉTODO: Setenta e cinco pacientes submetidos à facectomia foram distribuídos de forma aleatória e encoberta em: Grupo A, que recebeu nifedipina e Grupos C2 e C3, que receberam, respectivamente, 2 e 3 µg.kg-1 de clonidina por via venosa. Todos os pacientes apresentavam hipertensão arterial (PAS > 170 mmHg ou PAD > 110 mmHg. As PAS, PAD e freqüência cardíaca (FC foram medidas e comparadas nos momentos: 0 (antes do tratamento e de 2 em 2 minutos até o final do procedimento. Os eventos adversos foram anotados. RESULTADOS: Após o tratamento ocorreram diminuições da PAS e PAD nos 3 grupos (p <0,001. Houve controle da pressão arterial (<160 mmHg em 32%, 64% e 72% dos pacientes nos grupos A, C2 e C3, respectivamente (p < 0,05. No grupo C3 ocorreu maior incidência de efeitos colaterais que nos grupos C2 e A (p < 0,05. CONCLUSÕES:A clonidina por via venosa é mais eficaz que a nifedipina, por via sublingual, no controle de crises hipertensivas no peri-operatório de cirurgias de catarata. Contudo, a dose de 3 µg.kg-1 pode estar relacionada a efeitos colaterais, devendo-se iniciar o tratamento com 2 µg.kg-1.

Monitorização intraoperatória com ecocardiografia transesofágica em cirurgia cardíaca

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Carlos Galhardo Júnior

2011-08-01

Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Desde a sua introdução clínica na década de 1980, a ecocardiografia transesofágica (ETE intraoperatória tem representado um dos maiores avanços na anestesia cardíaca moderna. Trata-se de uma técnica semi-invasiva, que permite visualização direta e rápida da anatomia estrutural do coração e dos grandes vasos, além de contribuir para a avaliação hemodinâmica e funcional do sistema cardiovascular. Dessa maneira, tem-se tornado importante monitor para auxílio diagnóstico de patologias cardíacas e intervenções anestésico-cirúrgicas. O objetivo do artigo é realizar uma revisão abrangente sobre a utilização da ETE no intraoperatório de cirurgia cardíaca. CONTEÚDO: O artigo revisa alguns aspectos relacionados à física do ultrassom, as técnicas para a obtenção das imagens, os cortes ecocardiográficos mais utilizados no intraoperatório, as indicações e as principais aplicações clínicas do método, além das contraindicações e complicações. CONCLUSÕES: A ETE intraoperatória é um método de monitorização cardiovascular seguro e útil na formulação do plano cirúrgico, na orientação de intervenções hemodinâmicas e na avaliação imediata do resultado operatório. O anestesiologista, uma vez habilitado à utilização do método, amplia seu papel no contexto da medicina perioperatória, fornecendo informações clínicas imprescindíveis à condução do ato anestésico-cirúrgico em cirurgia cardíaca.

Fatores de risco para recidiva de peso no pós-operatório tardio de cirurgia bariátrica = Risk factors for weight regain in the late postoperative of bariatric surgery

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Bardal, Adriane Granato

2016-01-01

Conclusões: Nessa amostra, a baixa assiduidade às consultas nutricionais no pré-operatório, bem como a renda familiar elevada foram fatores de risco para recidiva de peso no pós-operatório tardio de cirurgia bariátrica

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

Science.gov (United States)

... AAAs don’t cause symptoms unless they leak, tear, or rupture. If this happens, you may experience: sudden pain in your abdomen, groin, back, legs, or buttocks nausea and vomiting abnormal stiffness in your abdominal muscles problems with urination or bowel movements clammy, sweaty ...

Methods of patient warming during abdominal surgery.

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Li Shao

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Keeping abdominal surgery patients warm is common and warming methods are needed in power outages during natural disasters. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of low-cost, low-power warming methods for maintaining normothermia in abdominal surgery patients. METHODS: Patients (n = 160 scheduled for elective abdominal surgery were included in this prospective clinical study. Five warming methods were applied: heated blood transfusion/fluid infusion vs. unheated; wrapping patients vs. not wrapping; applying moist dressings, heated or not; surgical field rinse heated or not; and applying heating blankets or not. Patients' nasopharyngeal and rectal temperatures were recorded to evaluate warming efficacy. Significant differences were found in mean temperatures of warmed patients compared to those not warmed. RESULTS: When we compared temperatures of abdominal surgery patient groups receiving three specific warming methods with temperatures of control groups not receiving these methods, significant differences were revealed in temperatures maintained during the surgeries between the warmed groups and controls. DISCUSSION: The value of maintaining normothermia in patients undergoing abdominal surgery under general anesthesia is accepted. Three effective economical and practically applicable warming methods are combined body wrapping and heating blanket; combined body wrapping, heated moist dressings, and heating blanket; combined body wrapping, heated moist dressings, and warmed surgical rinse fluid, with or without heating blanket. These methods are practically applicable when low-cost method is indeed needed.

Diagnosis of abdominal abscesses with 67gallium

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Noguera, E.C.; Mothe, G.A.

1987-01-01

Twenty six patients were studied with 67 Gallium to detect and localize the site of intra-abdominal and intraperitoneal infection. They were divided in two groups: a) with and b) without physical symptoms that could localize an abcess in the abdominal cavity. All the patients with suppuration had persistent up-take of 67 Ga in one anatomic area of the abdomen, subsequently documented by computarized axial tomography (CAT) in 58% of the cases or by laparotomy in 88% of them. Scintigraphy with 67 Ga in the patients with recent surgery not only detected focal infection in 67% of the cases but excluded subphernic collection. In 78% of patients with prolonged fever, the infection was localized. There was no false positive result. The comparison in 56% of the cases with CAT demonstrated that both techniques are 100% sensitive for the diagnosis of abdominal suppurative processes. Three of the 26 patients, after six weeks of medical treatment, were restudied with 67 Ga and CAT, showing total resolution of their previous abnormalities. It is concluded that 67 Ga scintigraphy performed as the first study in febrile patients independent of the presence or absence of physical symptoms that could localize the abdominal infection, is sensitive for the detection and localization of an abdominal abscess and that a negative result excludes it. (Author) [es

Relationship Between Abdominal Symptoms and Fructose Ingestion in Children with Chronic Abdominal Pain.

Science.gov (United States)

Hammer, Veronika; Hammer, Katharina; Memaran, Nima; Huber, Wolf-Dietrich; Hammer, Karin; Hammer, Johann

2018-05-01

Limited valid data are available regarding the association of fructose-induced symptoms, fructose malabsorption, and clinical symptoms. To develop a questionnaire for valid symptom assessment before and during a carbohydrate breath test and to correlate symptoms with fructose breath test results in children/adolescents with functional abdominal pain. A Likert-type questionnaire assessing symptoms considered relevant for hydrogen breath test in children was developed and underwent initial validation. Fructose malabsorption was determined by increased breath hydrogen in 82 pediatric patients with functional abdominal pain disorders; fructose-induced symptoms were quantified by symptom score ≥2 and relevant symptom increase over baseline. The results were correlated with clinical symptoms. The time course of symptoms during the breath test was assessed. The questionnaire exhibited good psychometric properties in a standardized assessment of the severity of carbohydrate-related symptoms. A total of 40 % (n = 33) had malabsorption; symptoms were induced in 38 % (n = 31), but only 46 % (n = 15) with malabsorption were symptomatic. There was no significant correlation between fructose malabsorption and fructose-induced symptoms. Clinical symptoms correlated with symptoms evoked during the breath test (p Fructose-induced symptoms but not fructose malabsorption are related to increased abdominal symptoms and have distinct timing patterns.

Abdominal and Pelvic CT

Medline Plus

Full Text Available ... pancreatitis or liver cirrhosis. cancers of the liver, kidneys, pancreas, ovaries and bladder as well as lymphoma. kidney and bladder stones. abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA), injuries ...

Diagnosis of mycotic abdominal aortic aneurysm using 67-gallium citrate

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Blumoff, R.L.; McCartney, W.; Jaques, P.; Johnson, G. Jr.

1982-01-01

Mycotic aneurysms of the abdominal aorta are uncommon, but potentially lethal problems. Clinical subtleties may suggest their presence, but in the past, definitive diagnosis has been dependent on surgical exploration or autopsy findings. A case is presented in which 67-gallium citrate abdominal scanning localized the site of sepsis in an abdominal aortic aneurysm and allowed for prompt and successful surgical therapy. This noninvasive technique is recommended as a adjunct in the diagnosis of mycotic abdominal aortic aneurysms

Inspirômetro de incentivo no pós-operatório de cirurgia torácica: uma revisão sistemática = Incentive spirometer in the postoperative period of thoracic surgery: a systematic review

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Baranow, Karen von

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Introdução: Complicações pulmonares pós-operatórias podem ocorrer após cirurgias pulmonares afetando desfavoravelmente o curso clínico e aumentando o risco de morbidades e mortalidade. A Fisioterapia respiratória atua prevenindo, amenizando ou revertendo essas possíveis complicações, sendo a inspirometria de incentivo uma das técnicas utilizadas. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito do uso da inspirometria de incentivo no período pós-operatório de cirurgia torácica sobre a função pulmonar, força da musculatura ventilatória, complicações pulmonares e o tempo de internação hospitalar. Materiais e Métodos: A busca incluiu as bases Medline/Pubmed, Embase e Scielo, além de busca manual, de setembro a outubro de 2015. Foram incluídos estudos randomizados que avaliaram o uso da inspirometria de incentivo em comparação com outros métodos de tratamento fisioterapêutico em pacientes no pós-operatório de cirurgia torácica (pulmonar. Resultados: Dos 480 artigos encontrados, três foram incluídos. Todos os estudos selecionados avaliaram a função pulmonar, sendo a sua melhora evidenciada em apenas um estudo. Apenas um avaliou e apresentou melhora na força da musculatura ventilatória. As complicações pulmonares, assim como o tempo de internação hospitalar, não foram reduzidas ou evitadas após o uso da inspirometria de incentivo. Conclusão: Não existem evidências suficientes que justifiquem a recomendação da inspirometria de incentivo no pós-operatório de cirurgias pulmonares sobre a função pulmonar, o tempo de internação hospitalar, força da musculatura ventilatória e as complicações pulmonares

Post caesarean section anterior abdominal wall endometriosis ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Abdominal wall endometriosis is a likely sequelae of caesarean section as viable endometrial tissue are deposited in the peritoneal cavity or anterior abdominal wall. One such case to sensitize clinicians of this rare presentation of the disease is presented. The patient was a 48 year old woman who presented with a lesion ...

Whole abdominal irradiation in ovarian carcinoma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Romestaing, P.; Gallo, C.; Gerard, J.F.; Ardiet, J.M.; Carrie, C.

1989-01-01

The prognosis of ovarian cancers, which are frequently diagnosed at a late stage, can probably be improved by whole abdominal radiotherapy. 45 patients in Lyon and 8 patients in Montelimar (7 stage I or C, 10 stage II and 36 stage III) were treated by whole abdominal radiotherapy, generally after 6 courses of chemotherapy (46 cases). The overall 5-year survival of this group of patients was 48% (Kaplan-Meier method). When the patients treated by complete resection at 1st look surgery (19 cases) are compared with those in whom 1st look surgery was incomplete (34 cases), the actuarial survival was 83% versus 27%. This study demonstrates that whole abdominal radiotherapy is feasible without any serious long-term complications after two operations and 6 courses of chemotherapy. These encouraging results need to be confirmed by randomized prospective studies [fr

Cirurgias colorretais no Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal de Sergipe: três anos da criação do Serviço de Coloproctologia (série histórica Colorrectal surgery at the Federal University Hospital of Sergipe: an overview of three years after the creation of the Colorretal Group

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Juvenal da Rocha Torres Neto

2008-03-01

Full Text Available Estudamos cirurgias colorretais do SC-HU/UFS (Serviço de Coloproctologia do Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal de Sergipe realizadas de janeiro de 2004 a julho de 2006, série histórica da criação da residência médica em coloproctologia. De setenta pacientes, 53(75,7% eram do gênero masculino, 17(24,3% feminino; idade variou de 19 a 85 anos com média de 52 anos. Os setenta pacientes foram submetidos a 102 procedimentos, com média de 1,4 cirurgias/paciente, 29(28,4% reoperações. Dezenove(18,6% foram reconstituições de trânsito intestinal, 15(14,8% retossigmoidectomias, 11(10,8% colectomias totais, 9(8,8% colectomias direitas, 6(5,8% amputações abdomino-perineais, 3(2,9% proctocolectomias, 2(1,9% colectomias esquerdas. Dezoito(17,6% cirurgias indicadas por neoplasias de cólon, 8(7,8% do reto e 1(0,9% do canal anal; 10(9,9% foram megacólon; 10(9,9% colostomias prévias, 5(5,9% Doença de Crohn, 5(4,9% DDC, 3(2,9% RCUI. Quarenta e oito(47,1% cirurgias tiveram complicações cirúrgica: 32(31,4% complicações da ferida operatória, 13(12,7% abscessos abdominais, 11(10,8% fístulas, 7(6,9% deiscências, etc. Índice de infecção de ferida foi 26,5%. Cinqüenta e cinco pacientes(53,9% foram submetidos à anastomose, 32(58,2% manuais e 23(41,8% mecânicas. Deiscência de anastomose em 7(12,7% cirurgias: 1(3,1% deiscência em anastomose manual e 6(26,1%, em mecânica. Óbito em 11(15,7% pacientes. Avaliamos principais dados do trabalho objetivando definir metas, elaborar e melhorar protocolos vigentes objetivando otimizar o programa de residência médica.We studied colorectal surgeries carried through by the SC-HU/UFS from January 2004 to July 2006, historical series, referring to the creation of the colorectal medical residence. Registres by seventy patients that 53(75.7% were masculine sort and 17(24.3% feminine; medium age is 52 years. They had been submitted to the 102 procedures, 1,4 surgeries/patients, 29

Effects of abdominal pressure on venous return: abdominal vascular zone conditions.

Science.gov (United States)

Takata, M; Wise, R A; Robotham, J L

1990-12-01

The effects of changes in abdominal pressure (Pab) on inferior vena cava (IVC) venous return were analyzed using a model of the IVC circulation based on a concept of abdominal vascular zone conditions analogous to pulmonary vascular zone conditions. We hypothesized that an increase in Pab would increase IVC venous return when the IVC pressure at the level of the diaphragm (Pivc) exceeds the sum of Pab and the critical closing transmural pressure (Pc), i.e., zone 3 conditions, but reduce IVC venous return when Pivc is below the sum of Pab and Pc, i.e., zone 2 conditions. The validity of the model was tested in 12 canine experiments with an open-chest IVC bypass. An increase in Pab produced by phrenic stimulation increased the IVC venous return when Pivc-Pab was positive but decreased the IVC venous return when Pivc - Pab was negative. The value of Pivc - Pab that separated net increases from decreases in venous return was 1.00 +/- 0.72 (SE) mmHg (n = 6). An increase in Pivc did not influence the femoral venous pressure when Pivc was lower than the sum of Pab and a constant, 0.96 +/- 0.70 mmHg (n = 6), consistent with presence of a waterfall. These results agreed closely with the predictions of the model and its computer simulation. The abdominal venous compartment appears to function with changes in Pab either as a capacitor in zone 3 conditions or as a collapsible Starling resistor with little wall tone in zone 2 conditions.

Incidência de cirurgia cardíaca em octogenários: estudo retrospectivo Incidencia de cirugía cardíaca en octogenarios: estudio retrospectivo Incidence of cardiac surgery in octogenarian patients: retrospective study

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Luciano Brandão Machado

2003-09-01

Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O aumento da expectativa de vida faz com que pacientes cada vez mais idosos tenham indicação de tratamento cirúrgico de cardiopatias. Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a incidência de pacientes com mais de 80 anos submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca no Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da FMUSP, nos últimos 16 anos. MÉTODO: Foram analisados, no período de 1986 a 2001, o número de cirurgias de revascularização do miocárdio (RM e cirurgia valvar (CV e, em cada grupo, o número de cirurgias em pacientes com mais de 80 anos. Os dados foram analisados descritivamente. RESULTADOS: Os dados revelam aumento progressivo do número de octogenários submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca. As cirurgias de revascularização do miocárdio tiveram aumento de 0,13% em 1986 para 3,5% em 2001. As cirurgias valvares aumentaram de 0% em 1986 para 1,44% em 2001, registrando o maior valor de 3,02% em 1999. CONCLUSÕES: Os conhecimentos da fisiopatologia, da senilidade e os avanços no manuseio do trauma cirúrgico estão permitindo estender os recursos da cirurgia cardíaca no grupo de paciente mais idoso. A escolhas da técnica anestésica deve ser criteriosa, bem como a hidratação, a assistência ventilatória e a analgesia pós-operatória, permitindo redução da morbimortalidade neste grupo de maior risco cirúrgico.JUSTIFICATIVA Y OBJETIVOS: El aumento de la expectativa de vida hace con que pacientes cada vez mas edosos tengan indicación de tratamiento quirúrgico de cardiopatias. Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar la incidencia de pacientes con más de 80 años sometidos a cirugía cardíaca en el Instituto del Corazón del Hospital de Clínicas de la FMUSP, en los últimos 16 años. MÉTODO: Fueron analizados, en el período de 1986 a 2001, el número de cirugías de revascularización del miocardio (RM y cirugía valvar (CV y, en cada grupo, el número de cirugías en pacientes con más de 80 a

Traumatic abdominal wall hernia secondary to motorcycle handle bar injury

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R S Jamabo

2011-01-01

Conclusion: We recommend a high level of clinical suspicion for traumatic abdominal wall herniation in all patients with traumatic abdominal wall injuries. It is instructive that the area be explored with primary repair of the hernia and other tissue planes of the abdominal wall.

[Late primary abdominal pregnancy. Case report].

Science.gov (United States)

Farías, Emigdio Torres; Gómez, Luis Guillermo Torres; Allegre, René Márquez; Higareda, Salvador Hernández

2008-09-01

Abdominal advanced pregnancy is an obstetric complication that put at risk maternal and fetal life. We report a case of advanced abdominal pregnancy with intact ovaries and fallopian tubes, without ureteroperitoneal fistulae and, late prenatal diagnosis, in a multiparous patient without risk factors, with alive newborn, and whose pregnancy was attended at Unidad Medica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Gineco-Obstetricia, Centro Medico Nacional de Occidente del IMSS, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.

Update on the prevention of death from ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Science.gov (United States)

Jacomelli, Jo; Summers, Lisa; Stevenson, Anne; Lees, Tim; Earnshaw, Jonothan J

2017-09-01

Objectives To monitor the early effect of a national population screening programme for abdominal aortic aneurysm in 65-year-old men. Setting The study used national statistics for death rates from abdominal aortic aneurysm (Office of National Statistics) and hospital admission data in England (Hospital Episode Statistics). Methods Information concerning deaths from abdominal aortic aneurysm (ruptured and non-ruptured) (1999-2014) and hospital admissions for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (2000-2015) was examined. Results The absolute number of deaths from abdominal aortic aneurysm in men and women aged 65 and over has decreased by around 30% from 2001 to 2014, but as the population has increased, the relative reduction was 45.6% and 40.0%, respectively. Some 65% of all abdominal aortic aneurysm deaths are in men aged over 65; women aged 65 and over account for around 31%. Deaths from ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm in men aged 60-74 (the screened group) appear to be declining at the same rate as in men aged 75 and over. The relative decline in admissions to hospital with ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm may be greater in men and women aged 60-74 (which contains the screened group of men), than those older, giving the first possible evidence that abdominal aortic aneurysm screening is having an effect. Conclusion The death rate from abdominal aortic aneurysm is declining rapidly in England. There is the first evidence that screening may be contributing to this reduction.

DIEP breast reconstruction following multiple abdominal liposuction procedures.

Science.gov (United States)

Farid, Mohammed; Nicholson, Simon; Kotwal, Ashutosh; Akali, Augustine

2014-01-01

Previous abdominal wall surgery is viewed as a contraindication to abdominal free tissue transfer. We present two patients who underwent multiple abdominal liposuction procedures, followed by successful free deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap. We review the literature pertaining to reliability of abdominal free flaps in those with previous abdominal surgery. Review of case notes and radiological investigations of two patients, and a PubMed search using the terms "DIEP", "deep inferior epigastric", "TRAM", "transverse rectus abdominis", "perforator" and "laparotomy", "abdominal wall", "liposuction", "liposculpture", "fat graft", "pfannenstiel", with subsequent appraisal of relevant papers by the first and second authors. Patient 1 had 3 episodes of liposuction from the abdomen for fat grafting to a reconstructed breast. Subsequent revision reconstruction of the same breast with DIEP flap was preceded by CT angiography, which demonstrated normal perforator anatomy. The reconstruction healed well with no ischaemic complications. Patient 2 had 5 liposuction procedures from the abdomen to graft fat to a wide local excision defect. Recurrence of cancer led to mastectomy and immediate reconstruction with free DIEP flap. Preoperative MR angiography demonstrated a large perforator right of the umbilicus, with which the intraoperative findings were consistent. The patient had an uneventful recovery and good healing with no fat necrosis or wound dehiscence. We demonstrate that DIEP flaps can safely be raised without perfusion-related complications following multiple liposuction procedures to the abdomen. The safe interval between procedures is difficult to quantify, but we demonstrate successful free flap after 16 months.

Imaging findings of abdominal extraosseous plasma cell neoplasm

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Park, Yang Sin; Byun, Jae Ho; Won, Hyung Jin; Kim, Ah Young; Shin, Yong Moon; Kim, Pyo Nyun; Ha, Hyun Kwon; Lee, Moon Gyu; Bae, Kyung Soo

2006-01-01

To evaluate the imaging findings of abdominal extraosseous plasma cell neoplasm. From April 2000 to January 2005, eight patients (four men, four women; mean age, 50.6 years) with pathologically proved, extraosseous plasma cell neoplasm involving the abdominal organs were included in this study. The diagnoses were based on consensus agreement between two radiologists who retrospectively reviewed CT, ultrasonography, and enteroclysis findings. We evaluated the findings by focusing on the location, size, margin, and enhancement pattern of the lesion, and lymphadenopathy on each image. There were multiple myeloma in four patients and extramedullary plasmacytoma in the remaining four. Involved abdominal organs were the liver (n = 4), spleen (n 4), lymph node (n = 3), stomach (n = 1), small bowel (n = 1), and colon (n 1). The hepatic involvement of plasma cell neoplasm presented as a homogeneous, well-defined, solitary mass (n = 1), multiple nodules (n = 1), and hepatomegaly (n = 2). Its involvement of the spleen and lymph node appeared as splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy, respectively. Its involvement of the gastrointestinal tract including the stomach, small bowel, and colon, presented as a homogeneous, diffuse wall thickening or mass in the gastrointestinal tract. Abdominal extraosseous plasma cell neoplasm involves occasionally the liver, spleen, and lymph node, and rarely the gastrointestinal tract. When we encounter a well-defined, homogeneous lesion of the abdominal organs in patients diagnosed or suspected as having plasma cell neoplasm, we should consider its involvement of the abdominal organs

Common Functional Gastroenterologic Disorders Associated With Abdominal Pain

Science.gov (United States)

Bharucha, Adil E.; Chakraborty, Subhankar; Sletten, Christopher D.

2016-01-01

Although abdominal pain is a symptom of several structural gastrointestinal disorders (eg, peptic ulcer disease), this comprehensive review will focus on the 4 most common nonstructural, or functional, disorders associated with abdominal pain: functional dyspepsia, constipation-predominant and diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome, and functional abdominal pain syndrome. Together, these conditions affect approximately 1 in 4 people in the United States. They are associated with comorbid conditions (eg, fibromyalgia, depression), impaired quality of life, and increased health care utilization. Symptoms are explained by disordered gastrointestinal motility and sensation, which are implicated in a variety of peripheral (eg, postinfectious inflammation, luminal irritants) and/or central (eg, stress and anxiety) factors. These disorders are defined and can generally be diagnosed by symptoms alone. Often prompted by alarm features, selected testing is useful to exclude structural disease. Identifying the specific diagnosis (eg, differentiating between functional abdominal pain and irritable bowel syndrome) and establishing an effective patient-physician relationship are the cornerstones of therapy. Many patients with mild symptoms can be effectively managed with limited tests, sensible dietary modifications, and over-the-counter medications tailored to symptoms. If these measures are not sufficient, pharmacotherapy should be considered for bowel symptoms (constipation or diarrhea) and/or abdominal pain; opioids should not be used. Behavioral and psychological approaches (eg, cognitive behavioral therapy) can be very helpful, particularly in patients with chronic abdominal pain who require a multidisciplinary pain management program without opioids. PMID:27492916

Clinical application of PET in abdominal cancers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Choi, Chang Woon

2002-01-01

Clinical application of positron emission tomography (PET) is rapidly increasing for the detection and staging of cancer at whole-body studies performed with the glucose analogue tracer 2-[fluorine-18]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FG). Although FDG PET cannot match the anatomic resolution of conventional imaging techniques in the liver and the other abdominal organs, it is particularly useful for identification and characterization of the entire body simultaneously. FDG PET can show foci of metastatic disease that may not be apparent at conventional anatomic imaging and can aid in the characterizing of indeterminate soft-tissue masses. Most abdominal cancer requires surgical management. FGD PET can improve the selection of patients for surgical treatment and thereby reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with inappropriate surgery. FDG PET is also useful for the early detection of recurrence and the monitoring of therapeutic effect. The abdominal cancers, such as gastroesophageal cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer and pancreatic cancer, are common malignancies in Korea, and PET is one of the most promising and useful methodologies for the management of abdominal cancers

Lactose and Fructose Intolerance in Turkish Children with Chronic Abdominal Pain.

Science.gov (United States)

Yuce, Ozlem; Kalayci, Ayhan Gazi; Comba, Atakan; Eren, Esra; Caltepe, Gonul

2016-05-08

To investigate the prevalence of lactose and fructose intolerance in children with chronic abdominal pain. Hydrogen breath tests were done to detect lactose and fructose malabsorption in 86 children with chronic abdominal pain (44 irritable bowel syndrome, 24 functional abdominal pain and 17 functional abdominal pain syndrome as per Rome III criteria) presenting to a Pediatric Gastroentreology department. 14 (16.3%) of patients were diagnosed with lactose intolerance and 11 (12.8%) with fructose intolerance. Lactose and fructose intolerance in children can lead to chronic abdominal pain and symptoms improve with dietary modifications.

Os sentidos da cirurgia estética: utilidade, futilidade,   agência e/ou incorporação

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Lúcia de Castro

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Este artigo busca contribuir para a reflexão acerca do crescimento da prática da cirurgia plástica pa‐ ra fins estéticos e sua relação com a cultura de consumo contemporânea. Em outras palavras, dis‐ cute‐se a maneira como esta prática expressa valores e princípios estruturadores da cultura de con‐ sumo e ganha contornos diferenciados em contextos particulares, como as cidades de São Paulo e Londres, onde realizou‐se trabalho de campo, envolvendo a coleta de informações em material de imprensa, dados em arquivos, entrevistas e observação em clínicas estéticas.

Diagnostic ultrasonography in cattle with abdominal fat necrosis.

Science.gov (United States)

Tharwat, Mohamed; Buczinski, Sébastien

2012-01-01

This study describes the ultrasonographic findings in 14 cows with abdominal fat necrosis. Ultrasonography of the abdomen revealed the presence of heterogeneous hyperechoic masses and hyperechoic omentum with localized masses floating in a hypoechoic peritoneal fluid. A hyperechogenic rim was imaged around both kidneys. The intestines were coated with hyperechoic capsules and the intestinal lumens were constricted. Ultrasonographic examination of the pancreatic parenchyma showed an overall increased echogenicity which was homogenously distributed in 3 cases. A diagnosis of abdominal fat necrosis was made with ultrasound-guided biopsy of the echogenic masses, and thereafter at postmortem examination. Results from this study demonstrate the efficacy of ultrasonography as an imaging modality for antemortem diagnosis of abdominal lipomatosis in cattle. To the authors' knowledge, this study is the first that illustrates ultrasonographic findings in cattle affected with abdominal lipomatosis.

VISCERAL ABDOMINAL PAIN AND OPPORTUNITIES OF SPASMOLYTIC TREATMENT

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E.A. Kornienko

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Results of treatment of 30 children with visceral abdominal pain caused by different etiological factors with neurotropic selective m9cholinergic antagonist hyoscine butilbromide (buscopan are presented in this article. Two groups of children were treated with hyoscine butilbromide and drotaverine accordingly. Administration of hyoscine butilbromide allows to stop pain in 93% of patients; mean duration of abdominal pain was 3,4 ± 1,2 days (4,2 ± 1,4 days in children treated with drotaverine, р < 0,05. Activity of dyspeptic disorders was decreased at the time of treatment. a tolerance to hyoscine butilbromide was satisfactory, and no adverse events were registered. hyoscine butilbromide is effective in treatment of visceral abdominal pain in children, allowing shortening its duration more actively then drotaverine.Key words: children, visceral abdominal pain, hyoscine butilbromide.

Abdominal wall hernias: imaging with spiral CT

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stabile Ianora, A.A.; Midiri, M.; Vinci, R.; Rotondo, A.; Angelelli, G.

2000-01-01

Computed tomography is an accurate method of identifying the various types of abdominal wall hernias, especially if they are clinically occult, and of distinguishing them from other diseases such as hematomas, abscesses and neoplasia. In this study we examined the CT images of 94 patients affected by abdominal wall hernias observed over a period of 6 years. Computed tomography clearly demonstrates the anatomical site of the hernial sac, the content and any occlusive bowel complications due to incarceration or strangulation. Clinical diagnosis of external hernias is particularly difficult in obese patients or in those with laparotic scars. In these cases abdominal imaging is essential for a correct preoperative diagnosis and to determine the most effective treatment. (orig.)

Penetrating abdominal injuries: management controversies

Science.gov (United States)

Butt, Muhammad U; Zacharias, Nikolaos; Velmahos, George C

2009-01-01

Penetrating abdominal injuries have been traditionally managed by routine laparotomy. New understanding of trajectories, potential for organ injury, and correlation with advanced radiographic imaging has allowed a shift towards non-operative management of appropriate cases. Although a selective approach has been established for stab wounds, the management of abdominal gunshot wounds remains a matter of controversy. In this chapter we describe the rationale and methodology of selecting patients for non-operative management. We also discuss additional controversial issues, as related to antibiotic prophylaxis, management of asymptomatic thoracoabdominal injuries, and the use of colostomy vs. primary repair for colon injuries. PMID:19374761

Penetrating abdominal injuries: management controversies

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Velmahos George C

2009-04-01

Full Text Available Abstract Penetrating abdominal injuries have been traditionally managed by routine laparotomy. New understanding of trajectories, potential for organ injury, and correlation with advanced radiographic imaging has allowed a shift towards non-operative management of appropriate cases. Although a selective approach has been established for stab wounds, the management of abdominal gunshot wounds remains a matter of controversy. In this chapter we describe the rationale and methodology of selecting patients for non-operative management. We also discuss additional controversial issues, as related to antibiotic prophylaxis, management of asymptomatic thoracoabdominal injuries, and the use of colostomy vs. primary repair for colon injuries.

Embarazo ectópico abdominal

OpenAIRE

Karen Luz Torres Rojas; Miguel Blanco Paz; Gerardo Celorrio Montiel

2015-01-01

La incidencia de embarazo ectópico ha aumentado en los últimos años hasta 1:43 recién nacidos. La variedad abdominal es una de las menos frecuentes, su incidencia es de 1:10mil  nacidos vivos. El 1% de los embarazos ectópicos son abdominales y la implantación en el epiplón es una rara entidad. Pueden clasificarse como primarios o secundarios en función de que se originen o no en la cavidad peritoneal. Se presenta un caso de embarazo abdominal primario, localizado en cara posterior del útero y...

Correlação entre o momento da cirurgia e a ocorrência de complicações per-operatórias no tratamento das fraturas trocanterianas do fêmur Correlation between timing of surgery and the occurrence of perioperative complications in the treatment of trocantheric femoral fractures

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Leonardo Barros Mascarenhas

2011-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Estabelecer se há correlação entre o momento da cirurgia e a ocorrência de complicações intra e pós- operatórias no tratamento das fraturas trocanterianas do fêmur no idoso. MÉTODO: Estudo retrospectivo avaliando o histórico de 281 pacientes operados entre 2000 e 2009 no Hospital das Clinicas da FMRP-USP. As variáveis avaliadas foram: sexo, idade, data, mecanismo do trauma, momento da admissão, tipo da fratura, complicações pré e pós- operatórias, tempo entre o trauma e a cirurgia, horário e duração da cirurgia, implante utilizado, Tip Apex Distance (TAD, tempo de hospitalização, re-operações. De acordo com o horário da cirurgia os casos foram divididos em dois grupos: Horário Comercial (7:00 - 17:00 x Horário Plantão (17:01 - 6:59. RESULTADOS: Houve um predomínio de cirurgias no horário comercial, na proporção aproximada de 5:1. O intervalo de tempo médio entre a data do trauma e a cirurgia foi de três dias. Não houve diferença estatística entre os grupos (hora comercial x plantão relacionada ao TAD médio, tipo da fratura, implante, complicações sistêmicas e mortalidade em um ano. O tempo médio entre o trauma e a cirurgia foi três dias. CONCLUSÕES: Para pacientes que são admitidos ou operados com mais de 24 horas decorridas do trauma, o horário da cirurgia não se mostrou uma variável relevante, no que diz respeito à ocorrência de complicações per operatórias. Em nossa realidade, é preferível realizar a fixação destas fraturas em horário comercial, dispondo de completa infra-estrutura de recursos humanos e técnicos.OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to verify if there is any relationship between the time of surgery and per operative complications in the treatment of intertrochanteric femoral fractures. METHOD: The records of 281 patients operated between the years of 2000 and 2009 were evaluated retrospectively. The variables taken into account were sex, age, date and mechanism of

Focal epilepsy with ictal abdominal pain: a case report

OpenAIRE

Cerminara, Caterina; El Malhany, Nadia; Roberto, Denis; Curatolo, Paolo

2013-01-01

Focal epilepsy with ictal abdominal pain is an unusual partial epilepsy characterized by paroxysmal episodes of abdominal or visceral pain, disturbance of awareness and electroencephalographic abnormalities. We describe a new case of ictal abdominal pain in which gastrointestinal complaints were the only manifestation of seizures and review the previously described pediatric patients. In our patient clinical findings, ictal EEG abnormalities, and a good response to antiepileptic drugs allowed...

Fallopian Tube Herniation through Left Sided Abdominal Drain Site.

Science.gov (United States)

Hussain, Khalid; Masood, Jovaria

2016-06-01

Intra-abdominal drains have been used since long to prevent intra-abdominal collection, and detect any anastomotic leaks. We report a case of left sided fallopian tube herniation from a left lower abdominal drain site in a 27-year female who underwent caesarian section for breach presentation. Several complications related to drain usage has been described but left sided fallopian tube prolapse through drain site has not been reported in literature.

[The etiological aspects of acute abdominal pain in children].

Science.gov (United States)

Dinu, C A; Moraru, D

2011-01-01

The study of the etiological aspects of acute abdominal pain in children, in order to perceive the clinical-etiological correlations and the disorders distribution related to age, gender and the origin of the patients. The criteria for including patients were age (between 0 and 18 years) and the presence of acute abdominal pain before or during the consultation with the physician. The research on acute abdominal pain in children was performed on the level of the Surgery and Pediatrics II clinical departments of the "Sf. Ioan" Children's Emergency Clinical Hospital in Galati, between 01.01.2009 - 01.01.2011. The clinical study performed on the patients registered in the studied groups focused on the identification, the evaluation of the symptoms of acute abdominal pain in children, diagnosing and treating it. The criteria for excluding patients were an age older than 18 years or the absence of acute abdominal pain as a symptom before or during the examination. The statistical analysis used the descriptive and analytical methods. The data was centralized and statistically processed in M.S.EXCEL and S.P.S.S. databases. The patients with acute abdominal pain represent a percentage of 92.9% (2358 cases) of the total number of patients who suffer from abdominal pain (N=2537). The highest frequency of cases is represented by acute appendicitis (1056 cases - 44.8%). In the 5-18 years age group, acute appendicitis, mesenteric lymphadenitis, ovarian follicular cysts, acute pyelenophritis and salpingitis are predominant. In the 0-4 years age group gastroenteritis, acute pharyngitis, reactive hepatitis and lower digestive bleeding are predominant. In females, acute appendicitis, gastroenteritis, gastroduodenitis and cystitis are predominant, whereas in males, peritonitis, sepsis through E. coli, the contusion of the abdominal wall and acute pharyngitis are predominant.

Abdominal emergencies during pregnancy.

Science.gov (United States)

Bouyou, J; Gaujoux, S; Marcellin, L; Leconte, M; Goffinet, F; Chapron, C; Dousset, B

2015-12-01

Abdominal emergencies during pregnancy (excluding obstetrical emergencies) occur in one out of 500-700 pregnancies and may involve gastrointestinal, gynecologic, urologic, vascular and traumatic etiologies; surgery is necessary in 0.2-2% of cases. Since these emergencies are relatively rare, patients should be referred to specialized centers where surgical, obstetrical and neonatal cares are available, particularly because surgical intervention increases the risk of premature labor. Clinical presentations may be atypical and misleading because of pregnancy-associated anatomical and physiologic alterations, which often result in diagnostic uncertainty and therapeutic delay with increased risks of maternal and infant morbidity. The most common abdominal emergencies are acute appendicitis (best treated by laparoscopic appendectomy), acute calculous cholecystitis (best treated by laparoscopic cholecystectomy from the first trimester through the early part of the third trimester) and intestinal obstruction (where medical treatment is the first-line approach, just as in the non-pregnant patient). Acute pancreatitis is rare, usually resulting from trans-ampullary passage of gallstones; it usually resolves with medical treatment but an elevated risk of recurrent episodes justifies laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the 2nd trimester and endoscopic sphincterotomy in the 3rd trimester. The aim of the present work is to review pregnancy-induced anatomical and physiological modifications, to describe the main abdominal emergencies during pregnancy, their specific features and their diagnostic and therapeutic management. Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.

Ethnic influences on the relations between abdominal subcutaneous and visceral adiposity, liver fat, and cardiometabolic risk profile: the International Study of Prediction of Intra-Abdominal Adiposity and Its Relationship With Cardiometabolic Risk/Intra-Abdominal Adiposity.

Science.gov (United States)

Nazare, Julie-Anne; Smith, Jessica D; Borel, Anne-Laure; Haffner, Steven M; Balkau, Beverley; Ross, Robert; Massien, Christine; Alméras, Natalie; Després, Jean-Pierre

2012-10-01

Ethnic differences in cardiometabolic risk (CMR) may be related to patterns of ethnic-specific body fat distribution. We aimed to identify differences across ethnic groups in interrelations between BMI, abdominal adiposity, liver fat, and CMR profile. In the International Study of Prediction of Intra-Abdominal Adiposity and Its Relationship With Cardiometabolic Risk/Intra-Abdominal Adiposity, 297 physicians recruited 4504 patients (from 29 countries). In the current cross-sectional analyses, 2011 whites, 166 African Caribbean blacks, 381 Hispanics, 1192 East Asians, and 347 Southeast Asians were included. Computed tomography was used to assess abdominal fat distribution and to estimate liver fat content. Anthropometric variables and CMR profile were measured. Higher ranges of BMI were associated with higher levels of visceral [visceral adipose tissue (VAT)] and deep subcutaneous [deep subcutaneous adipose tissue (DSAT)] adiposity, with significant ethnic differences regarding the slope of these relations. Despite lower absolute BMI values, East Asians presented the largest accumulation of VAT but the lowest accumulation of DSAT with increasing adiposity. The association of BMI with liver fat did not differ between ethnic groups. Liver fat and DSAT were positively correlated with VAT with no ethnic variation. All ethnic groups had a similar association between a 1-SD increase in VAT, DSAT, or liver fat with hypertension, type 2 diabetes, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL-cholesterol concentration, or high C-reactive protein concentration. Ethnicity significantly affects abdominal adiposity and liver fat partitioning, and East Asians have the most deleterious abdominal fat distribution. Irrespective of ethnicity, abdominal and hepatic fat depots are strongly interrelated and increased with obesity. Higher amounts of VAT or liver fat are associated with a more deteriorated CMR profile in all ethnic groups.

Abdominal cocoon: sonographic features.

Science.gov (United States)

Vijayaraghavan, S Boopathy; Palanivelu, Chinnusamy; Sendhilkumar, Karuppusamy; Parthasarathi, Ramakrishnan

2003-07-01

An abdominal cocoon is a rare condition in which the small bowel is encased in a membrane. The diagnosis is usually established at surgery. Here we describe the sonographic features of this condition.

Morbilidad y mortalidad por traumatismo abdominal (2002 a 2004 Mortality and morbidity from abdominal trauma (2002-2004

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Carlos A Sánchez Portela

2007-09-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo y longitudinal entre el 1ro. de enero de 2002 y el 31 de diciembre de 2004, cuyo universo estuvo constituido por los 123 pacientes con el diagnóstico de traumatismo abdominal, ingresados en el Servicio de Cirugía General del Hospital General Universitario «Abel Santamaría Cuadrado» (Pinar del Río. Se tomaron los datos primarios de las historias clínicas y se utilizó el método de análisis porcentual y la frecuencia absoluta para todas las variables medidas. En el estudio predominaron las edades entre 21 y 30 años (54 pacientes; 39,4 %. El mecanismo de lesión productor de trauma de abdomen más frecuente fue el accidente de tránsito (57 pacientes; 46,54 % y existió, además, predominio del traumatismo abdominal cerrado. Los pacientes que llegaron al hospital durante la primera hora de ocurrido el traumatismo (90,24 % tuvieron una evolución satisfactoria y la menor mortalidad (4,07 %. La punción abdominal fue el medio diagnóstico de más valor (83,08 % de positividad. El hígado y el bazo fueron los órganos más lesionados en estos pacientes. El shock hipovolémico (48,18 % y la peritonitis generalizada (22,63 % fueron las complicaciones más observadas. El shock hipovolémico fue la principal causa de muerteA retrospective, longitudinal and descriptive was performed on 123 patients diagnosed with abdominal trauma from January 1st, 2002 to December 31st, 2004 and admitted to General Surgery service of “Abel Santamaría Cuadrado” general university hospital in Pínar del Río province. Primary data were taken from the medical histories, using the method of percentage analysis and absolute frequency for all measured variables. The 21-30 years age group was predominant (54 patients, 39,4 %. The most common mechanism of abdominal trauma-causing lesion was traffic accidents (57 patients; 46,54 %. Blunt abdominal trauma prevailed. The patients that arrived at the hospital within the

Bloqueio atrioventricular no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca valvar: incidência, fatores de risco e evolução hospitalar Atrioventricular block in the postoperative period of heart valve surgery: incidence, risk factors and hospital evolution

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Andres Di Leoni Ferrari

2011-09-01

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: Distúrbios do sistema de condução cardíaco são complicações potenciais e conhecidas dos procedimentos de cirurgia cardíaca valvar. OBJETIVOS: Investigar a associação entre fatores peri-operatórios com bloqueio atrioventricular (BAV e a necessidade de estimulação cardíaca artificial temporária (ECAT e, se necessário, implante de marcapasso definitivo no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca (POCC valvar. MÉTODOS: Coorte histórica de pacientes submetidos a cirurgia cardíaca valvar, sendo realizada análise de banco de dados por regressão logística. RESULTADOS: No período de janeiro de 1996 a dezembro de 2008, foram realizadas 1102 cirurgias cardíacas valvares: 718 (65,2% na valva aórtica e 407 (36,9% na valva mitral; destas, 190 (17,2% cirurgias de revascularização miocárdica associadas à cirurgia valvar e 23 (2,1% cirurgias valvares combinadas (aórtica+mitral. Cento e oitenta e sete (17% pacientes apresentaram quadro clínico e eletrocardiográfico de BAV durante o POCC valvar, necessitando de ECAT. Quatorze (7,5% pacientes evoluíram para implante de marcapasso definitivo (1,27% do total da amostra. A análise multivariada evidenciou associação significativa de BAV com cirurgia de valva mitral (OR=1,76; IC 95% 1,08-2,37; P=0,002, implante de prótese biológica (OR=1,59; IC 95% 1,02-3,91; P= 0,039, idade maior que 60 anos (OR = 1,99; IC 95% 1,35-2,85; PINTRODUCTION: Disturbances of the cardiac conduction system are potential complications after cardiac valve surgery. OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to investigate the association between perioperative factors and atrio-ventricular block, the need for temporary cardiac artificial pacing and, if necessary, permanent pacemaker implantation after cardiac valve surgery. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of the Cardiac Surgery Database - Hospital São Lucas/PUCRS. The data are collected prospectively and analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: Between January

Chest radiography and abdominal ultrasound in general practice

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Speets, Anouk Mariëlle

2006-01-01

Chest radiography (CXR) and abdominal ultrasound (US) are two widely used diagnostic imaging techniques in Western societies. General practitioners (GPs) in The Netherlands annually request approximately 500,000 CXRs and 200,000 abdominal US, and therefore clearly place a burden on health care.

Paediatric surgical abdominal emergencies in a north central ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Paediatric surgical abdominal emergencies in a north central Nigerian centre. ... The causes of PSAEs vary worldwide, and the management is challenging, often with unimaginably poor outcome if not carefully handled. The aim of this ... Keywords: abdominal emergencies, acute abdomen, children, morbidity, mortality ...

Intra-abdominal fat: Comparison of computed tomography fat ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Background: Intra-abdominal fat is an important factor in determining the metabolic syndrome/insulin resistance, and thus the risk of diabetes and ischaemic heart disease. Computed Tomography (CT) fat segmentation represents a defined method of quantifying intra-abdominal fat, with attendant radiation risks.

Vacuum-Assisted Abdominal Closure Is Safe and Effective

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, R O; Buchbjerg, T; Simonsen, R M

2017-01-01

less likely to develop large hernias and had better self-evaluated physical health score (p mental health was found. CONCLUSION: The abdominal VAC treatment in patients with abdominal catastrophes is safe and with a relative low complication rate. Whether it might be superior...

Common Functional Gastroenterological Disorders Associated With Abdominal Pain.

Science.gov (United States)

Bharucha, Adil E; Chakraborty, Subhankar; Sletten, Christopher D

2016-08-01

Although abdominal pain is a symptom of several structural gastrointestinal disorders (eg, peptic ulcer disease), this comprehensive review will focus on the 4 most common nonstructural, or functional, disorders associated with abdominal pain: functional dyspepsia, constipation-predominant and diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome, and functional abdominal pain syndrome. Together, these conditions affect approximately 1 in 4 people in the United States. They are associated with comorbid conditions (eg, fibromyalgia and depression), impaired quality of life, and increased health care utilization. Symptoms are explained by disordered gastrointestinal motility and sensation, which are implicated in various peripheral (eg, postinfectious inflammation and luminal irritants) and/or central (eg, stress and anxiety) factors. These disorders are defined and can generally be diagnosed by symptoms alone. Often prompted by alarm features, selected testing is useful to exclude structural disease. Identifying the specific diagnosis (eg, differentiating between functional abdominal pain and irritable bowel syndrome) and establishing an effective patient-physician relationship are the cornerstones of therapy. Many patients with mild symptoms can be effectively managed with limited tests, sensible dietary modifications, and over-the-counter medications tailored to symptoms. If these measures are not sufficient, pharmacotherapy should be considered for bowel symptoms (constipation or diarrhea) and/or abdominal pain; opioids should not be used. Behavioral and psychological approaches (eg, cognitive behavioral therapy) can be helpful, particularly in patients with chronic abdominal pain who require a multidisciplinary pain management program without opioids. Copyright © 2016 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Arma branca retida em aorta abdominal superior

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Fernando Antonio C. Spencer Netto

Full Text Available Abdominal aorta wounds carries a high immediate mortality. Few patients reach hospital care alive. There are no reports on Medline (1969-2002 about aortic wounds of foreign body with retention. A case with upper abdominal aortic wound with an inlaid blade is reported. The retained blade fixed the stomach to the surgical field, difficulting the vascular control, leading to an unconventional approach and allowing extensive contamination. The patient developed multiple organ dysfunction and died at fifth postoperative day. Singularities of an inlaid knife in upper abdominal aorta and changes in traditional approach are discussed. The authors assumed that the inlaid knife decreased the bleeding, allowing the patient arrival to the hospital, but worsened the approach to the aorta wound.

Defectos de la pared abdominal

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Adis L. Peña Cedeño

2004-03-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio de los fetos con malformaciones congénitas, dadas por defecto de la pared abdominal (DPA, nacidos en el Hospital Universitario Ginecoobstétrico de Guanabacoa durante los años 1984 al 2000, para determinar la frecuencia de los distintos tipos de defectos de la pared abdominal y las malformaciones asociadas a éstas. Se revisaron los protocolos de necropsias e historias clínicas en este período y se obtuvieron 25 casos con DPA. La malformación más frecuente fue el onfalocele con 14 casos, seguido de la gastrosquisis con 6 casos. Se hallaron malformaciones asociadas en el 68 % de los casos, y se comprobó la efectividad del Programa Nacional de Malformaciones Congénitas, pues en el 80 % de las pacientes se interrumpió precozmente el embarazo.A study of the fetuses with congenital malformations due to defect of the abdominal wall (AWD that were born at the Gynecoobstetric Teaching Hospital of Guanabacoa from 1984 to 2000 was conducted aimed at determining the frequency of the different types of defects of the abdominal wall and the malformations associated with them. The protocosl of necropsies and medical histories corresponding to this period were reviewed and 25 cases with AWD were detected. The most common malformation was omphalocele with 14 cases, followed by gastrosquisis with 6 cases. Associated malformations were found in 68 % of the cases and it was proved the effectiveness of the National Program of Congenital Malformations, since pregnancy was interrupted early in 80 % of the patients.

Interaction between intra-abdominal pressure and positive-end expiratory pressure

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Jamili Anbar Torquato

2009-02-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to quantify the interaction between increased intra-abdominal pressure and Positive-End Expiratory Pressure. METHODS: In 30 mechanically ventilated ICU patients with a fixed tidal volume, respiratory system plateau and abdominal pressure were measured at a Positive-End Expiratory Pressure level of zero and 10 cm H2O. The measurements were repeated after placing a 5 kg weight on the patients' belly. RESULTS: After the addition of 5 kg to the patients' belly at zero Positive-End Expiratory Pressure, both intra-abdominal pressure (p<0.001 and plateau pressures (p=0.005 increased significantly. Increasing the Positive-End Expiratory Pressure levels from zero to 10 cm H2O without weight on the belly did not result in any increase in intra-abdominal pressure (p=0.165. However, plateau pressures increased significantly (p< 0.001. Increasing Positive-End Expiratory Pressure from zero to 10 cm H2O and adding 5 kg to the belly increased intra-abdominal pressure from 8.7 to 16.8 (p<0.001 and plateau pressure from 18.26 to 27.2 (p<0.001. Maintaining Positive-End Expiratory Pressure at 10 cm H2O and placing 5 kg on the belly increased intra-abdominal pressure from 12.3 +/- 1.7 to 16.8 +/- 1.7 (p<0.001 but did not increase plateau pressure (26.6+/-1.2 to 27.2 +/-1.1 -p=0.83. CONCLUSIONS: The addition of a 5kg weight onto the abdomen significantly increased both IAP and the airway plateau pressure, confirming that intra-abdominal hypertension elevates the plateau pressure. However, plateau pressure alone cannot be considered a good indicator for the detection of elevated intra-abdominal pressure in patients under mechanical ventilation using PEEP. In these patients, the intra-abdominal pressure must also be measured.

Bullhorn Hernia: A Rare Traumatic Abdominal Wall Hernia

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Department of Surgery, Government Medical College and Rajindra. Hospital, Patiala ‑ 147 001, Punjab, India. E‑mail: drbimal.undefined@gmail.com. INTRODUCTION. Traumatic abdominal wall hernia (TAWH) is uncommonly encountered despite the high prevalence of blunt abdominal trauma.[1] Bullhorn hernia is a rare, ...

[Analysis of images in Japanese book Fukusho-Kiran (Medical Book Focusing on Abdominal Palpation) and Fukusho-Kiran yoku (Supplement to Medical Book Focusing on Abdominal Palpation)].

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Lijun; DI, Kan; Song, Yuanliang

2014-09-01

Hukusyo-kiran (Medical Book Focusing on Abdominal Palpation) and Hukusyo-kiran yoku (Supplement to Medical Book Focusing on Abdominal Palpation) are two typical monographs of Fukushin (abdominal palpation), with a total of 148 images about abdominal palpation. These images can be divided into 5 kinds: locations, theories, techniques, diseases and medicines, with its own system covering the theories, principles, prescriptions and medicines of abdominal palpation. It can be used as a guide for clinicians to differentiate the locations and qualities of diseases, confirm the principles of treatment, guide the usage of medicines, and predict the prognosis, with the rather high theoretic and academic value, deserving further research and analysis for the modern scholars.

CT appearances of abdominal tuberculosis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lee, W.-K., E-mail: leewk33@hotmail.com [Department of Medical Imaging, St Vincent' s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria (Australia); Van Tonder, F.; Tartaglia, C.J.; Dagia, C. [Department of Medical Imaging, St Vincent' s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria (Australia); Cazzato, R.L. [Department of Radiology, Universita Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome (Italy); Duddalwar, V.A. [Department of Radiology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (United States); Chang, S.D. [Department of Medical Imaging, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, British Columbia (Canada)

2012-06-15

The purpose of this article is to review and illustrate the spectrum of computed tomography (CT) appearances of abdominal tuberculosis. Tuberculosis can affect any organ or tissue in the abdomen, and can be mistaken for other inflammatory or neoplastic conditions. The most common sites of tuberculosis in the abdomen include lymph nodes, genitourinary tract, peritoneal cavity and gastrointestinal tract. The liver, spleen, biliary tract, pancreas and adrenals are rarely affected, but are more likely in HIV-seropositive patients and in miliary tuberculosis. This article should alert the radiologist to consider abdominal tuberculosis in the correct clinical setting to ensure timely diagnosis and enable appropriate treatment.

CT appearances of abdominal tuberculosis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, W.-K.; Van Tonder, F.; Tartaglia, C.J.; Dagia, C.; Cazzato, R.L.; Duddalwar, V.A.; Chang, S.D.

2012-01-01

The purpose of this article is to review and illustrate the spectrum of computed tomography (CT) appearances of abdominal tuberculosis. Tuberculosis can affect any organ or tissue in the abdomen, and can be mistaken for other inflammatory or neoplastic conditions. The most common sites of tuberculosis in the abdomen include lymph nodes, genitourinary tract, peritoneal cavity and gastrointestinal tract. The liver, spleen, biliary tract, pancreas and adrenals are rarely affected, but are more likely in HIV-seropositive patients and in miliary tuberculosis. This article should alert the radiologist to consider abdominal tuberculosis in the correct clinical setting to ensure timely diagnosis and enable appropriate treatment.

Secondary abdominal appendicular ectopic pregnancy.

Science.gov (United States)

Nama, Vivek; Gyampoh, Bright; Karoshi, Mahantesh; McRae, Reynold; Opemuyi, Isaac

2007-01-01

Although the case fatality rate for ectopic pregnancies has decreased to 0.08% in industrialized countries, it still represents 3.8% of maternal mortality in the United States alone. In developing countries, the case fatality rate varies from 3% to 27%. Laparoscopic management of tubal pregnancies is now the standard form of treatment where this technology is available. Abdominal pregnancies are rare, and secondary implantation of tubal ectopic pregnancies is the most common cause of abdominal gestations. We present an interesting case of secondary implantation of a tubal ectopic pregnancy to highlight the appendix as a possible secondary implantation site after a tubal ectopic pregnancy.

Reproducibility of regional DEXA examinations of abdominal fat and lean tissue.

Science.gov (United States)

Tallroth, Kaj; Kettunen, Jyrki A; Kujala, Urho M

2013-01-01

The aim of this study was to develop and test the validity of a new repeatable method to delimit abdominal areas for follow-up of fat mass (FM) and lean tissue mass (LM) in DEXA examinations. 37 male volunteers underwent two DEXA examinations. Total body FM and LM measurements and corresponding abdominal measurements in a carefully defined region were calculated from the first scan. After repositioning of the subjects and a second scan, the delimited region was copied and the abdominal tissues re-calculated. The mean LM of the abdominal area was 2.804 kg (SD 0.556), and the mean FM was 1.026 kg (SD 0.537). The intra-class correlation coefficient for the repeated abdominal LM, FM, and LM/FM ratio measurements was 0.99. The mean difference (bias) for the repeated abdominal LM measurements was -13 g (95% confidence interval (CI) -193.0 to 166.8), and for the repeated abdominal FM measurements it was -35 g (95% CI -178.9 to 108.5). The results indicate that regional DEXA is a sensitive method with excellent reproducibility in the measurements of the abdominal fat and lean tissues. The method may serve as a useful tool for evaluation and follow-up of various dietary and training programmes.

Endometriosis Abdominal wall

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alvarez, M.; Carriquiry, L.

2003-01-01

Endometriosis of abdominal wall is a rare entity wi ch frequently appears after gynecological surgery. Case history includes three cases of parietal endometriosis wi ch were treated in Maciel Hospital of Montevideo. The report refers to etiological diagnostic aspects and highlights the importance of total resection in order to achieve definitive healing

[Abdomen specific bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) methods for evaluation of abdominal fat distribution].

Science.gov (United States)

Ida, Midori; Hirata, Masakazu; Hosoda, Kiminori; Nakao, Kazuwa

2013-02-01

Two novel bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) methods have been developed recently for evaluation of intra-abdominal fat accumulation. Both methods use electrodes that are placed on abdominal wall and allow evaluation of intra-abdominal fat area (IAFA) easily without radiation exposure. Of these, "abdominal BIA" method measures impedance distribution along abdominal anterior-posterior axis, and IAFA by BIA method(BIA-IAFA) is calculated from waist circumference and the voltage occurring at the flank. Dual BIA method measures impedance of trunk and body surface at the abdominal level and calculates BIA-IAFA from transverse and antero-posterior diameters of the abdomen and the impedance of trunk and abdominal surface. BIA-IAFA by these two BIA methods correlated well with IAFA measured by abdominal CT (CT-IAFA) with correlatipn coefficient of 0.88 (n = 91, p abdominal adiposity in clinical study and routine clinical practice of metabolic syndrome and obesity.

Effect of Daikenchuto (TJ-100) on abdominal bloating in hepatectomized patients.

Science.gov (United States)

Hanazaki, Kazuhiro; Ichikawa, Kengo; Munekage, Masaya; Kitagawa, Hiroyuki; Dabanaka, Ken; Namikawa, Tsutomu

2013-04-27

To evaluate the clinical usefulness of Daikenchuto (DKT) in hepatecomized patients. Twenty patients were enrolled with informed consent. Two patients were excluded because of cancelled operations. The remaining 18 patients were randomly chosen for treatment with DKT alone or combination therapy of DKT and lactulose (n = 9, each group). Data were prospectively collected. Primary end points were Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score for abdominal bloating, total Gastrointestinal Symptoms Rating Scale (GSRS) score for abdominal symptoms, and GSRS score for abdominal bloating. The VAS score for abdominal bloating and total GSRS score for abdominal symptoms recovered to levels that were not significantly different to preoperative levels by 10 d postoperation. Combination therapy of DKT and lactulose was associated with a significantly poorer outcome in terms of VAS and GSRS scores for abdominal bloating, total GSRS score, and total daily calorie intake, when compared with DKT alone therapy. DKT is a potentially effective drug for postoperative management of hepatectomized patients, not only to ameliorate abdominal bloating, but also to promote nutritional support by increasing postoperative dietary intake.

Functional residual capacity increase during laparoscopic surgery with abdominal wall lift

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Hiroshi Ueda

Full Text Available Abstract Background and objectives: The number of laparoscopic surgeries performed is increasing every year and in most cases the pneumoperitoneum method is used. One alternative is the abdominal wall lifting method and this study was undertaken to evaluate changes of functional residual capacity during the abdominal wall lift procedure. Methods: From January to April 2013, 20 patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy at a single institution. All patients were anesthetized using propofol, remifentanil and rocuronium. FRC was measured automatically by Engstrom Carestation before the abdominal wall lift and again 15 minutes after the start of the procedure. Results: After abdominal wall lift, there was a significant increase in functional residual capacity values (before abdominal wall lift 1.48 × 103 mL, after abdominal wall lift 1.64 × 103 mL (p < 0.0001. No complications such as desaturation were observed in any patient during this study. Conclusions: Laparoscopic surgery with abdominal wall lift may be appropriate for patients who have risk factors such as obesity and respiratory disease.

Necessidades e expectativas do paciente em pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca: avaliação de uma abordagem da prática

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Joséte Luzia Leite

1985-12-01

Full Text Available As autoras, mediante observação em trinta pacientes em pós-operatório de Cirurgia Cardíaca, procuraram identificar as expectativas e necessidades dos mesmos ao tem po em que analisaram a assistência prestada pelo enfermeiro. A partir de suas experiências como docente e enfermeiras, avaliaram a prática profissional voltadas principalmente para aquelas necessidades identificadas.

CT features of abdominal plasma cell neoplasms

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Monill, J.; Pernas, J.; Montserrat, E.; Perez, C.; Clavero, J.; Martinez-Noguera, A.; Guerrero, R.; Torrubia, S.

2005-01-01

The aim of this study was to describe the CT features of abdominal plasma cell neoplasms. We reviewed CT imaging findings in 11 patients (seven men, four women; mean age 62 years) with plasma cell neoplasms and abdominal involvement. Helical CT of the entire abdomen and pelvis was performed following intravenous administration of contrast material. Images were analyzed in consensus by two radiologists. Diagnoses were made from biopsy, surgery and/or clinical follow-up findings. Multiple myeloma was found in seven patients and extramedullary plasmacytoma in four patients. All patients with multiple myeloma had multifocal disease with involvement of perirenal space (4/7), retroperitoneal and pelvic lymph nodes (3/7), peritoneum (3/7), liver (2/7), subcutaneous tissues (2/7) and kidney (1/7). In three of the four patients with extramedullary plasmacytoma, a single site was involved, namely stomach, vagina and retroperitoneum. In the fourth patient, a double site of abdominal involvement was observed with rectal and jejunal masses. Plasma cell neoplasm should be considered in the differential diagnosis of single or multiple enhancing masses in the abdomen or pelvis. Abdominal plasma cell neoplasms were most frequently seen as well-defined enhancing masses (10/11). (orig.)

Avaliação pré-operatória na cirurgia de catarata Preoperative evaluation and cataract surgery

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Fernando Sabia Tallo

2007-08-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Analisar a relevância da avaliação pré-operatória na prevenção de eventos clínicos adversos per e pós-operatórios na cirurgia de catarata. MÉTODOS: Foram incluídos no estudo 1.254 pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de catarata no Instituto da Catarata do Departamento Oftalmologia UNIFESP-EPM, no período de jan-dez 2004. Dados referentes à avaliação pré-operatória e à ocorrência de eventos clínicos adversos relacionados ao procedimento anestésico/cirúrgico foram retrospectivamente coletados. RESULTADOS: Dezesseis pacientes (1,2% apresentaram evento clínico adverso. Novecentos e trinta e seis pacientes (74,6% apresentaram pelo menos um exame alterado, porém este fator não mostrou associação com a ocorrência de evento clínico adverso (p=0,334. CONCLUSÃO: Na série estudada a alteração de exames laboratoriais, eletrocardiograma e/ou radiografia de tórax não se correlacionou com a ocorrência de eventos clínicos adversos relacionados ao procedimento anestésico/cirúrgico.PURPOSE: Analysis of the relevance of preoperative evaluation to prevent adverse clinical events, pre- and postoperative, on cataract surgery. METHODS: The study includes 1254 patients submitted to cataract surgery at the Instituto da Catarata do Departamento de Oftalmologia da UNIFESP - EPM, in the period of Jan - Dec 2004. Data referring to the preoperative evaluation and adverse clinical events related to anesthesia/surgical procedure were retrospectively collected. RESULTS: Sixteen patients (1.2% showed an adverse clinical event. Nine hundred thirty-six patients (74.6% showed at least one altered examination. This factor, nevertheless, did not show any relation to the adverse clinical event (p=0.334. CONCLUSION: Concerning the studied series, the altered laboratory tests, electrocardiogram and/or thorax x-ray has no correlation with the adverse clinical events related to the anesthesia/surgical procedure.

Abdominal Wall Endometriosis: An Overlooked but Possibly Preventable Complication

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Chen-Chih Teng

2008-03-01

Conclusion: Abdominal wall endometriosis may be caused by iatrogenic inoculation of the endometrium into the surgical wound. It is strongly recommended that, at the conclusion of the surgical procedure, the abdominal wound be cleaned thoroughly, particularly at both corner sites (especially the operator's side. If an abdominal wall endometriosis is encountered after CS but the patient plans to have future pregnancy and the symptoms are mild, excision of the endometrioma may be deferred until the next indicated CS.

Acute abdominal pain : considerations on diagnosis and management

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Toorenvliet, Boudewijn Ronald

2011-01-01

In this thesis several aspects on the diagnosing and management of patients with acute abdominal pain are investigated. 1; The efficacy and safety of standard outpatient re-evaluation for patients not admitted to the hospital after emergency department evaluation for acute abdominal pain. 2; The use

New Technique of Direct Intra-abdominal Pressure Measurement

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Elena Risin

2006-10-01

Conclusion: Direct measurement of intra-abdominal pressure using 14-Fr PVC round drain is a newly described technique that is simple, fast and credible. Future investigation will be needed to confirm the reliability of this method during postoperative follow-up of intra-abdominal pressures in selected patients.

Harmonizing the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome--focusing on abdominal obesity.

Science.gov (United States)

Silva, Valter; Stanton, Kenneth R; Grande, Antonio José

2013-04-01

In 2009, important health organizations met to construct a Joint Scientific Statement (JSS) intended to harmonize the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome worldwide. The JSS aimed to unify the diagnostic criteria of metabolic syndrome, particularly in relation to whether to include abdominal obesity as a criterion of diagnosis. A large part of the JSS is devoted to discussing the diagnosis of abdominal obesity. More specifically, 9 of the 16 papers focused on abdominal obesity. Continuing this emphasis, we discuss the harmonization of the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome worldwide, specifically focusing on the need to improve the diagnosis of abdominal obesity.

Active Detoxification in the Treatment of Abdominal Sepsis

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O. M. Shevtsova

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Objective: to evaluate the efficiency of extracorporeal detoxification techniques in patients with abdominal sepsis. Subjects and methods. Three hundred and seventy-nine patients with acute generalized peritonitis were examined. Extracorporeal detoxifying techniques were used during conventional therapy in Group 1 (n=319; the other patients received only traditional therapy (a control group. The time course of changes in the parameters of toxemia, a hemostasiogram, and an immunogram were examined. Results. The study indicated significantly reduced endotoxemia and better blood aggregation resulting from the use of plasmapheresis, cryoplasmasorption, and plasmasorption, as well as stimulated immunity when the above techniques were combined with autoblood photomodification and extracorporeal immunopharmacotherapy in patients with abdominal sepsis. In severe abdominal sepsis and infectious-toxic shock, there was regression of multiple organ dysfunction and lower mortality when venovenous hemofiltration was applied. Conclusion. A differential approach to using active detoxifying techniques is needed, by taking into account the severity of the disease. Key words: abdominal sepsis, detoxifying techniques.

Wandering ascaris coming out through the abdominal wall

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Mohd L Wani

2013-01-01

Full Text Available A rare case of ascaris coming out through the anterior abdominal wall is reported here. A 40-year-old female had undergone dilatation and curettage by a quack. On the second day she presented with presented with features of peritonitis. She was explored. Resection anastomosis of the ileum was done for multiple perforations of the ileum. Patient developed a fistula in the anterior abdominal wall which was draining bile-colored fluid. On the 12 th postoperative day a 10-cm-long worm was seen coming out through the fistulous tract which was found to be Ascaris lumbricoids. Ascaris lumbricoids can lead to many complications ranging from worm colic to intestinal obstruction, volvulus, peritonitis, pancreatitis, cholangiohepatitis, liver abscess and many more. Worm has been reported to come out through mouth, nostrils, abdominal drains, T-tubes etc. But ascaris coming out through the anterior abdominal wall is very rare hence reported here.

Abdominal and Pelvic CT

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Full Text Available ... intravenous contrast indicate mothers should not breastfeed their babies for 24-48 hours after contrast medium is ... preferred for evaluation of acute abdominal conditions in babies, such as vomiting or blood in stool. For ...

Abdominal and Pelvic CT

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Full Text Available ... microphone. top of page How does the procedure work? In many ways CT scanning works very much ... CT scan, an experienced radiologist can diagnose many causes of abdominal pain or injury from trauma with ...

Abdominal and Pelvic CT

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Full Text Available ... the liver, kidneys, pancreas, ovaries and bladder as well as lymphoma. kidney and bladder stones. abdominal aortic ... and properly administer radiation treatments for tumors as well as monitor response to chemotherapy. top of page ...

Abdominal and Pelvic CT

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Full Text Available ... often used to determine the cause of unexplained pain. CT scanning is fast, painless, noninvasive and accurate. ... help diagnose the cause of abdominal or pelvic pain and diseases of the internal organs, small bowel ...

Abdominal and Pelvic CT

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Full Text Available ... for tumors as well as monitor response to chemotherapy. top of page How should I prepare? You ... of acute abdominal conditions in babies, such as vomiting or blood in stool. For some conditions, including ...

Abdominal and Pelvic CT

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Full Text Available ... is done because a potential abnormality needs further evaluation with additional views or a special imaging technique. ... GI) contrast exams and ultrasound are preferred for evaluation of acute abdominal conditions in babies, such as ...

Cirurgia estereotáxica guiada para angiomas cavernosos Stereotactic-guided surgery for cavernous angioma

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MURILO S. MENESES

2000-03-01

Full Text Available Os angiomas cavernosos intracerebrais são lesões que podem causar hemorragias, crises convulsivas e déficits neurológicos. Essa patologia passou a ter diagnóstico mais precoce com o advento da ressonância magnética. A remoção radical por cirurgia é o melhor método de tratamento. Devido a frequente localização subcortical ou profunda, a utilização de métodos de localização por imagem como a estereotaxia apresentam várias vantagens como: menor incisão de pele, craniotomia e manipulação do tecido cerebral, consequentemente com menor morbidade. Apresentamos uma série de nove angiomas cavernosos tratados por ressecção cirúrgica radical guiada por estereotaxia. Em todos os casos o diagnóstico foi realizado por ressonância magnética e houve confirmação anátomo-patológica. A média de idade dos pacientes foi 30 anos, variando entre 20 e 54 anos. Como morbidade transitória, um paciente teve uma crise convulsiva no 3° dia pós-operatório e uma paciente apresentou disfasia e hemiparesia no 2° dia pós-operatório, com recuperação total na evolução. No total, a remoção foi radical em todos os casos e os pacientes permanecem sem nenhum déficit neurológico relacionado à cirurgia.Intracerebral cavernous angiomas may cause hemorrhage, epileptic seizures and neurological deficits. The diagnosis of these lesions became easier with the advent of the magnetic resonance image (MRI. Radical resection is the treatment of choice. Due to frequent subcortical or deep location, image-guided techniques, such as stereotactic-guided surgery, offer many advantages as smaller skin incision and craniotomy, less brain manipulation with consequently lower morbidity. We present a series of nine cavernous angiomas treated by stereotactic-guided radical surgical resection. The diagnosis was done by MRI and confirmed by pathologic studies in all cases. Mean age of patients was 30 years old (range 20-54 years. Postoperative morbidity

Preoperative steroid in abdominal wall reconstruction

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, Kristian Kiim; Brøndum, Tina Lee; Belhage, Bo

2016-01-01

INTRODUCTION: Preoperative administration of high-dose glucocorticoid leads to improved recovery and decreased length of stay after abdominal surgery. Even so, studies on administration of glucocorticoids for patients undergoing abdominal wall reconstruction (AWR) for giant ventral hernia repair...... defect exceeding 10 cm will be randomised for intravenous administration of either 125 mg methylprednisolone or saline at the induction of anaesthesia. The primary endpoint is pain at rest on the first post-operative day. Patients will be followed until 30 days post-operatively, and secondary outcomes...

Cirurgia gastrointestinal no tratamento da diabete tipo 2 Gastrointestinal surgery for the treatment of type 2 diabetes

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Alexandre Coutinho Teixeira de Freitas

2007-06-01

Full Text Available RACIONAL: Evidências científicas demonstram o controle metabólico da diabete tipo 2 obtido com diversas intervenções sobre o sistema gastrointestinal, principalmente as operações bariátricas. OBJETIVOS: Revisar os dados da literatura referentes aos efeitos da cirurgia gastrointestinal na diabete tipo 2, especialmente os relacionados ao controle metabólico e sua fisiopatologia. MÉTODOS: Foi realizada pesquisa no Medline em páginas da internet procurando referências de artigos de maior relevância e estudos apresentados e publicados nos anais da conferência de Roma sobre os efeitos da cirurgia gastrointestinal no tratamento da diabete tipo 2 em 2007. Revisão da literatura - Entre as operações bariátricas, as derivações biliopancreáticas apresentam as mais altas taxas de controle da diabete tipo 2, seguidas pelo bypass gástrico e pela banda gástrica. Esse controle está relacionado à perda de peso e redução da ingestão de alimentos. As derivações biliopancreáticas e o bypass gástrico apresentam ainda efeito importante promovido por modificações hormonais. Os hormônios mais significativos são: o GLP-1, o GIP, o PYY, a grelina, a leptina, o IGF-1 e a adiponectina. Além dos efeitos sobre o controle do apetite no hipotálamo, os hormônios apresentam ação sobre as células β, promovem a secreção de insulina e diminuem sua resistência periférica. Duas hipóteses foram formuladas para explicar as modificações desses hormônios: a do intestino anterior, em que a exclusão do duodeno e do jejuno proximal previne a secreção de algum agente ainda não identificado que promove a resistência periférica à insulina; e a do intestino posterior, em que a derivação intestinal promove a passagem rápida do quimo até o intestino distal e induz à secreção precoce dos hormônios que promovem o controle da diabete. Além das operações bariátricas tradicionais, novos procedimentos promissores foram desenvolvidos

Percutaneous Transhepatic Drainage of Inaccessible Abdominal Abscesses Following Abdominal Surgery Under Real-Time CT-Fluoroscopic Guidance

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yamakado, Koichiro; Takaki, Haruyuki; Nakatsuka, Atsuhiro; Kashima, Masataka; Uraki, Junji; Yamanaka, Takashi; Takeda, Kan

2010-01-01

This study evaluated the safety, feasibility, and clinical utility of transhepatic drainage of inaccessible abdominal abscesses retrospectively under real-time computed tomographic (CT) guidance. For abdominal abscesses, 12 consecutive patients received percutaneous transhepatic drainage. Abscesses were considered inaccessible using the usual access route because they were surrounded by the liver and other organs. The maximum diameters of abscesses were 4.6-9.5 cm (mean, 6.7 ± 1.4 cm). An 8-Fr catheter was advanced into the abscess cavity through the liver parenchyma using real-time CT fluoroscopic guidance. Safety, feasibility, procedure time, and clinical utility were evaluated. Drainage catheters were placed with no complications in abscess cavities through the liver parenchyma in all patients. The mean procedure time was 18.8 ± 9.2 min (range, 12-41 min). All abscesses were drained. They shrank immediately after catheter placement. In conclusions, this transhepatic approach under real-time CT fluoroscopic guidance is a safe, feasible, and useful technique for use of drainage of inaccessible abdominal abscesses.

Spectrum of abdominal organ injury in a primary blast type

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Amin Abid

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Abstract Introduction Abdominal organ injury in a primary blast type is always challenging for diagnosis. Air containing abdominal viscera is most vulnerable to effects of primary blast injury. In any patient exposed to a primary blast wave who presents with an acute abdomen, an abdominal organ injury is to be kept in a clinical suspicion. Aim Study various abdominal organ injuries occurring in a primary type of blast injury. Material and methods: All those who had exploratory laparotomy for abdominal organ injuries after a primary blast injury for a period of 10 years from January 1998 - January 2008 were included in this retrospective study. Results Total 154 patients had laparotomy for abdominal organ injuries with a primary blast type of injury. Small intestine was damaged in 48 patients (31.1% followed by spleen in 22.7% cases. 54 patients (35.06% had more than one organ injured. Liver laceration was present in 30 patients (19.48%. Multiple small gut perforations were present in 37 patients (77.08%. Negative laparotomy was found in 5 patients (3.24% whereas 3 (1.94% had re-exploration. Mortality was present in 6 patients (3.89%. Conclusions Primary blast injury causes varied abdominal organ injuries. Single or multiple organ damage can be there. Small intestine is commonest viscera injured. Laparotomy gives final diagnosis.

Multi-atlas segmentation for abdominal organs with Gaussian mixture models

Science.gov (United States)

Burke, Ryan P.; Xu, Zhoubing; Lee, Christopher P.; Baucom, Rebeccah B.; Poulose, Benjamin K.; Abramson, Richard G.; Landman, Bennett A.

2015-03-01

Abdominal organ segmentation with clinically acquired computed tomography (CT) is drawing increasing interest in the medical imaging community. Gaussian mixture models (GMM) have been extensively used through medical segmentation, most notably in the brain for cerebrospinal fluid / gray matter / white matter differentiation. Because abdominal CT exhibit strong localized intensity characteristics, GMM have recently been incorporated in multi-stage abdominal segmentation algorithms. In the context of variable abdominal anatomy and rich algorithms, it is difficult to assess the marginal contribution of GMM. Herein, we characterize the efficacy of an a posteriori framework that integrates GMM of organ-wise intensity likelihood with spatial priors from multiple target-specific registered labels. In our study, we first manually labeled 100 CT images. Then, we assigned 40 images to use as training data for constructing target-specific spatial priors and intensity likelihoods. The remaining 60 images were evaluated as test targets for segmenting 12 abdominal organs. The overlap between the true and the automatic segmentations was measured by Dice similarity coefficient (DSC). A median improvement of 145% was achieved by integrating the GMM intensity likelihood against the specific spatial prior. The proposed framework opens the opportunities for abdominal organ segmentation by efficiently using both the spatial and appearance information from the atlases, and creates a benchmark for large-scale automatic abdominal segmentation.

Estudo retrospectivo de 47 complicações em 380 pacientes operados de câncer retal

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Geraldo Magela Gomes da Cruz

2006-06-01

Full Text Available No decurso de 31 anos de prática coloproctológica, acumulando um fichário com 24.200 pacientes, 923 (3,8% portadores de câncer no intestino grosso, dos quais 870 eram adenocarcinomas colorretais e 53 tumores malignos de ânus e margem de ânus. Dos 870 casos de adenocarcinomas colorretais, 490 (56,3% localizavam-se nos cólons e 380 (43,7% no reto. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo principal analisar uma casuística de 380 pacientes portadores de câncer retal atendidos de 1965 a 1996, 373 dos quais operados, com ênfase às técnicas cirúrgicas usadas e às 47 complicações decorrentes das cirurgias e suas correções. O CR foi mais comum no terço inferior (172; 45,3%, seguindo o terço superior (126; 33,1% e o médio (82; 21,6%. A ressecabilidade dos tumores retais de terço superior foi de 88,9% (112 pacientes, e a retossigmoidectomia abdominal com anastomose manual foi a cirurgia mais praticada (76 pacientes; 60,3%. A ressecabilidade dos tumores retais de terço médio foi de 90.2% (72 pacientes, e a retossigmoidectomia abdominal com anastomose manual e mecânica foi a cirurgia mais praticada (40 pacientes; 48,7%. A ressecabilidade dos tumores retais de terço inferior foi de 89,5% (154 pacientes, e a amputação abdominoperineal com colostomia definitiva foi a cirurgia mais praticada (154 pacientes; 74,4%. A ressecabilidade tumoral foi elevada (338 pacientes; 88,9%. As cirurgias mais praticadas foram a AAP (135 ou 35,5% e a retossigmoidectomia abdominal com anastomose colorretal manual e mecânica (130; 34,3%. A ocorrência de complicações cirúrgicas imediatas maiores foi de 12,6% (47 em 380 casos; e a mortalidade cirúrgica foi de 1,6% (6 casos. As 2 cirurgias mais praticadas apresentaram índices de complicações consideradas baixos: amputação abdominoperineal à Miles com colostomia definitiva - 135 cirurgias com 13 complicações (9,6% e 2 óbitos (1,5%; e a retossigmoidectomia abdominal tipo Dixon com anastomose manual

A Novel Diagnostic Aid for Detection of Intra-Abdominal Adhesions to the Anterior Abdominal Wall Using Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Science.gov (United States)

Randall, David; Fenner, John; Gillott, Richard; Ten Broek, Richard; Strik, Chema; Spencer, Paul; Bardhan, Karna Dev

2016-01-01

Introduction. Abdominal adhesions can cause serious morbidity and complicate subsequent operations. Their diagnosis is often one of exclusion due to a lack of a reliable, non-invasive diagnostic technique. Development and testing of a candidate technique are described below. Method. During respiration, smooth visceral sliding motion occurs between the abdominal contents and the walls of the abdominal cavity. We describe a technique involving image segmentation and registration to calculate shear as an analogue for visceral slide based on the tracking of structures throughout the respiratory cycle. The presence of an adhesion is attributed to a resistance to visceral slide resulting in a discernible reduction in shear. The abdominal movement due to respiration is captured in sagittal dynamic MR images. Results. Clinical images were selected for analysis, including a patient with a surgically confirmed adhesion. Discernible reduction in shear was observed at the location of the adhesion while a consistent, gradually changing shear was observed in the healthy volunteers. Conclusion. The technique and its validation show encouraging results for adhesion detection but a larger study is now required to confirm its potential.

A Novel Diagnostic Aid for Detection of Intra-Abdominal Adhesions to the Anterior Abdominal Wall Using Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Science.gov (United States)

Randall, David; Fenner, John; Gillott, Richard; ten Broek, Richard; Strik, Chema; Spencer, Paul; Bardhan, Karna Dev

2016-01-01

Introduction. Abdominal adhesions can cause serious morbidity and complicate subsequent operations. Their diagnosis is often one of exclusion due to a lack of a reliable, non-invasive diagnostic technique. Development and testing of a candidate technique are described below. Method. During respiration, smooth visceral sliding motion occurs between the abdominal contents and the walls of the abdominal cavity. We describe a technique involving image segmentation and registration to calculate shear as an analogue for visceral slide based on the tracking of structures throughout the respiratory cycle. The presence of an adhesion is attributed to a resistance to visceral slide resulting in a discernible reduction in shear. The abdominal movement due to respiration is captured in sagittal dynamic MR images. Results. Clinical images were selected for analysis, including a patient with a surgically confirmed adhesion. Discernible reduction in shear was observed at the location of the adhesion while a consistent, gradually changing shear was observed in the healthy volunteers. Conclusion. The technique and its validation show encouraging results for adhesion detection but a larger study is now required to confirm its potential. PMID:26880884

Staged management of giant traumatic abdominal wall defect: A rare case report

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Somendra Bansal

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Blunt traumatic abdominal wall disruptions associated with evisceration (abdominal wall injury grade type VI are very rare. We describe a case of large traumatic abdominal wall disruption with bowel evisceration and complete transection of jejunum and sigmoid colon that occurred after a 30-year-old male sustained run over injury to abdomen. Abdominal exploration and primary end to end jejuno-jejunal and colo-colic anastomosis were done. Staged management of giant abdominal wall defect was performed without any plastic reconstruction with good clinical outcome.

Report of a Case of Primary Abdominal Pregnancy

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Sh Beigi

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Ectopic pregnancy (EP is a potentially life-threatening condition in which the embryo implants outside the uterine endometrial cavity. Abdominal pregnancy is an atypical site wherein the product of conception lies totally outside the reproductive tract. Primary abdominal pregnancy is a very rare condition with a high mortality rate. Diagnosis is often late or misdiagnosed. The aim of introducing this case report is to present a new case of early primary abdominal pregnancy. Despite regular menstrual bleeding and contraception with IUD (intrauterine device, this pregnancy occurred in a 24-year old woman. Emergency laparotomy was performed because of abdominal pain, unstable condition and positive urine pregnancy test. It revealed more than 1500 ml of blood in the abdominal cavity. The uterus, both fallopian tubes and ovaries were completely intact. A 3X4 cm mass lateral to the left utersacral ligament was observed and resected. Since IUD strings could not be identified, endometrial currettage was performed and then the IUD was removed. Histological report of the mass and tissue of uterine cavity was placental villi and secretory endometrium, respectively, which according to Studdifords criteria is a new case of early primary abdominal pregnancy. To reduce maternal mortality and morbidity, early recognition of ectopic pregnancy is critical. According to review of the literature and the case report, a high index of suspicion is vital for the early diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy because the signs and symptoms of EP overlap with many surgical and gynecologic conditions. With early diagnosis of EP, we can suggest many therapeutic options and also retain fertility (if desired by patient, while minimizing disease and treatment-related morbidity.

Evaluation of the Diagnostic Value of Peritoneal Lavage Test in Intra Abdominal Injuries Due to Abdominal Trauma and Comparison with Laparotomy and Conservative Treatment

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AH Amoie

2004-04-01

Full Text Available Introduction: Prevalence of abdominal trauma is increasing during recent years. Abdomen is the third most affected part of body by trauma. Early diagnosis can help us select better methods for managing abdominal trauma. Even though newer imaging techniques such as CT scan are available, abdominal trauma is still a complex matter, which every doctor in the emergency department has to deal with. Physical examination for the evaluation of intra abdominal organ damage though impotant, is not enough. Material and Methods: This observational (cross-sectional study was done over a period of 24 months (1999-2001. 135 patients (99male and 36 female with abdominal trauma and no urgent laparotomy indication were included in this study. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, positive&negative predictive values of DPL test in our cases using SPSS software. Results: Mean age of patients was 28.6 years. All of the patients were evaluated with peritoneal lavage which resulted in 70 positive and 65 negative cases. All of the 70 cases with positive results were further evaluated with laparotomy of which 63 cases have intra peritoneal injuries that needed surgical treatment, while 7 cases didn’t have any intra peritoneal injuries (False positive results. All cases with negative results of peritoneal lavage test were treated conservatively for 3-5 days and during this period of time, 3 cases needed laparotomy and surgical treatment (False negative results. Conclusion : According to the results of this study, sensitivity of peritoneal lavage test in diagnosis of abdominal trauma was 95.5% and specificity was 90%. Negative predictive value of this test was 95.4% and positive predictive value of this test was 90%. Thus, peritoneal lavage test in abdominal trauma is sensitive, specific and has high specificity. It is therefore advisable that after initial evaluation of all penetrating and blunt abdominal traumas, peritoneal lavage test should be performed.

Abdominal pain – learning when not to intervene!

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Niranjan Tachamo

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Epiploic appendagitis (EA is an uncommon cause of abdominal pain. It is a benign condition but may mimic other serious causes of acute abdomen such as appendicitis, diverticulitis, and gynecological emergency in severe cases. Knowledge of this condition in the differential diagnosis of abdominal pain can save unnecessary hospital admission, antibiotics, and surgery. In this article, we present the case of a 43-year-old female who presented to our hospital with a 2-day history of right lower quadrant abdominal pain and diarrhea. She was diagnosed with EA with computed tomography of abdomen with contrast and was managed conservatively with good outcome.

Abdominal computed tomography scan as a screening tool in blunt trauma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brasel, K.J.; Borgstrom, D.C.; Kolewe, K.A.

1997-01-01

Background. One of the most difficult problems in blunt trauma is evaluation for potential intraabdominal injury. Admission for serial abdominal exams remains the standard of care after intraabdominal injury has been initially excluded. We hypothesized a normal abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan in a subgroup of minimally injured patients would obviate admission for serial abdominal examinations, allowing safe discharge from the emergency department (ED). Methods. We reviewed our blunt trauma experience with patients admitted solely for serial abdominal examinations after a normal CT. Patients were identified from the trauma registry at a Level 1 trauma center from July 1991 through June 1995. Patients with abnormal CTs, extra-abdominal injuries necessitating admission, hemodynamic abnormalities, a Glasgow Coma Scale less than 13, or injury severity scores (ISSs) greater than 15 were excluded. Records of 238 patients remained; we reviewed them to determine the presence of missed abdominal injury. Results. None of the 238 patients had a missed abdominal injury. Average ISS of these patients was 3.2 (range, 0 to 10). Discharging these patients from the ED would result in a yearly cost savings of $32,874 to our medical system. Conclusions. Abdominal CT scan is a safe and cost-effective screening tool in patients with blunt trauma. A normal CT scan in minimally injured patients allows safe discharge from the ED. (authors)

Increased auditory startle reflex in children with functional abdominal pain.

Science.gov (United States)

Bakker, Mirte J; Boer, Frits; Benninga, Marc A; Koelman, Johannes H T M; Tijssen, Marina A J

2010-02-01

To test the hypothesis that children with abdominal pain-related functional gastrointestinal disorders have a general hypersensitivity for sensory stimuli. Auditory startle reflexes were assessed in 20 children classified according to Rome III classifications of abdominal pain-related functional gastrointestinal disorders (13 irritable bowel syndrome [IBS], 7 functional abdominal pain syndrome; mean age, 12.4 years; 15 girls) and 23 control subjects (14 girls; mean age, 12.3 years) using a case-control design. The activity of 6 left-sided muscles and the sympathetic skin response were obtained by an electromyogram. We presented sudden loud noises to the subjects through headphones. Both the combined response of 6 muscles and the blink response proved to be significantly increased in patients with abdominal pain compared with control subjects. A significant increase of the sympathetic skin response was not found. Comorbid anxiety disorders (8 patients with abdominal pain) or Rome III subclassification did not significantly affect these results. This study demonstrates an objective hyperresponsivity to nongastrointestinal stimuli. Children with abdominal pain-related functional gastrointestinal disorders may have a generalized hypersensitivity of the central nervous system. Copyright 2010 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

Pediatric Abdominal Pain: An Emergency Medicine Perspective.

Science.gov (United States)

Smith, Jeremiah; Fox, Sean M

2016-05-01

Abdominal pain is a common complaint that leads to pediatric patients seeking emergency care. The emergency care provider has the arduous task of determining which child likely has a benign cause and not missing the devastating condition that needs emergent attention. This article reviews common benign causes of abdominal pain as well as some of the cannot-miss emergent causes. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Giant cystic abdominal masses in children

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wootton-Gorges, Sandra L.; Thomas, Kristen B.; Harned, Roger K.; Wu, Sarah R.; Stein-Wexler, Rebecca; Strain, John D.

2005-01-01

In this pictorial essay the common and uncommon causes of large cystic and cyst-like abdominal masses in children are reviewed. We discuss and illustrate the following: mesenchymal hamartoma, choledochal cyst, hydrops of the gallbladder, congenital splenic cyst, pancreatic pseudocyst, pancreatic cystadenoma, hydronephrosis, multicystic dysplastic kidney, multilocular cystic nephroma, adrenal hemorrhage, mesenteric and omental cysts, gastrointestinal duplication cyst, meconium pseudocyst, ovarian cysts and cystic neoplasms, hematocolpos, urachal cysts, appendiceal abscess, abdominal and sacrococcygeal teratoma, and CSF pseudocyst. We also describe imaging features and clues to the diagnosis. (orig.)

Giant cystic abdominal masses in children

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wootton-Gorges, Sandra L.; Thomas, Kristen B.; Harned, Roger K.; Wu, Sarah R.; Stein-Wexler, Rebecca; Strain, John D. [University of California, Davis Health Center, Sacramento, CA (United States); Davis Children' s Hospital, Department of Radiology, Sacramento, CA (United States)

2005-12-01

In this pictorial essay the common and uncommon causes of large cystic and cyst-like abdominal masses in children are reviewed. We discuss and illustrate the following: mesenchymal hamartoma, choledochal cyst, hydrops of the gallbladder, congenital splenic cyst, pancreatic pseudocyst, pancreatic cystadenoma, hydronephrosis, multicystic dysplastic kidney, multilocular cystic nephroma, adrenal hemorrhage, mesenteric and omental cysts, gastrointestinal duplication cyst, meconium pseudocyst, ovarian cysts and cystic neoplasms, hematocolpos, urachal cysts, appendiceal abscess, abdominal and sacrococcygeal teratoma, and CSF pseudocyst. We also describe imaging features and clues to the diagnosis. (orig.)

[Intraabdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sonne, M.; Hilligsø, Jens Georg

2008-01-01

Intraabdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) are rare conditions with high mortality. IAH is an intraabdominal pressure (IAP) above 12 mmHg and ACS an IAP above 20 mmHg with evidence of organ dysfunction. IAP is measured indirectly via the bladder or stomach. Various...... medical and surgical conditions increase the intraabdominal volume. When the content exceeds the compliance of the abdominal wall, the IAP rises. Increased IAP affects the functioning of the brain, lungs, circulation, kidneys, and bowel. The treatment of ACS is a reduction of IAP Udgivelsesdato: 2008/2/11...

Abdominal and Pelvic CT

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Full Text Available ... abdominal conditions in babies, such as vomiting or blood in stool. For some conditions, including but not limited to some liver, kidney, pancreatic, uterine or ... Content Some imaging tests and treatments have special pediatric considerations. The teddy ...

Suporte de cabeça para cirurgia da coluna vertebral: nota técnica Soporte de cabeza para cirúgia de columna vertebral: nota técnica Head support for spinal surgery: technical note

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Guilherme Zanini Rocha

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Descreve-se um suporte de cabeça para cirurgia da coluna vertebral, que permite a colocação da cabeça do paciente em alinhamento neutro com o corpo e monitorização da posição de olhos, boca, nariz e tubo orotraqueal, evitando danos decorrentes de mau posicionamento durante a cirurgia.Se describe un soporte de cabeza para la cirugía de columna vertebral que permite la colocación de la cabeza del paciente en alineación neutra con el cuerpo y el control de la posición de ojos, boca, nariz y tubo oro-traqueal, evitando los daños causados por el posicionamiento incorrecto durante la cirugía.We describe a head support for spinal surgery that allows the placement of the patient's head in neutral alignment with the body and monitoring the position of the eyes, mouth, nose and orotracheal tube, preventing damages from poor positioning during surgery.

Falso Aneurisma Femoral Iatrogénico: Ainda uma indicação para a Cirurgia Convencional? Iatrogenic femoral pseudoaneurysm: still an indication for conventional surgery?

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Nelson Oliveira

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Introdução: Os Falsos Aneurismas (FA são uma das complicações mais frequentemente associadas à punção femoral diagnóstica e de intervenção cardíaca. A sua abordagem terapêutica tem evoluído no sentido da preponderância das técnicas não invasivas sendo a Cirurgia Convencional cada vez menos frequentemente praticada. Objectivos: Os autores propõem a propósito de um caso clínico, e através de uma revisão da literatura discutir a abordagem terapêutica dos FA e as indicações da Cirurgia Convencional. Caso clínico: Doente de sessenta e um anos, sexo masculino, com antecedentes de hipertensão arterial, doença coronária com enfarte agudo do miocárdio prévio, miocardiopatia dilatada, fibrilhação auricular paroxística sendo portador de cardiodesfibrilhador. Foi submetido a cateterismo cardíaco por via femoral direita para ablação do Feixe de His, tendo sido referenciado ao Serviço de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular por desenvolvimento progressivo de massa pulsátil dolorosa acompanhada de hipostesia da face anterior da coxa. A Angiodinografia confirmou a presença de falso aneurisma da artéria femoral profunda direita com 3cm de maior diâmetro e a presença de uma fístula entre a artéria e a veia femorais superficiais direitas. Por abordagem cirúrgica aberta, foi realizada a exclusão do falso aneurisma e rafia da artéria e veia femorais superficiais. Conclusão: A abordagem de primeira linha dos falsos aneurismas iatrogénicos pós cateterismo cardíaco é não invasiva mas a Cirurgia Convencional detém ainda um lugar primordial para um grupo restrito de doentes.Introduction: Pseudoaneurysms (PAN are one of the most common complications of cardiac catheterization. Treatment has evolved towards a less invasive approach, reducing the number of Open repairs. Objectives: The authors propose to discuss the contemporary management of PAN and the remaining indications for Conventional Surgical Repair based upon a case

Predictors of "occult" intra-abdominal injuries in blunt trauma patients

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José Gustavo Parreira

Full Text Available Objective: to assess predictors of intra-abdominal injuries in blunt trauma patients admitted without abdominal pain or abnormalities on the abdomen physical examination. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of trauma registry data, including adult blunt trauma patients admitted from 2008 to 2010 who sustained no abdominal pain or abnormalities on physical examination of the abdomen at admission and were submitted to computed tomography of the abdomen and/or exploratory laparotomy. Patients were assigned into: Group 1 (with intra-abdominal injuries or Group 2 (without intra-abdominal injuries. Variables were compared between groups to identify those significantly associated with the presence of intra-abdominal injuries, adopting p<0.05 as significant. Subsequently, the variables with p<0.20 on bivariate analysis were selected to create a logistic regression model using the forward stepwise method. Results: A total of 268 cases met the inclusion criteria. Patients in Group I were characterized as having significantly (p<0.05 lower mean AIS score for the head segment (1.0±1.4 vs. 1.8±1.9, as well as higher mean AIS thorax score (1.6±1.7 vs. 0.9±1.5 and ISS (25.7±14.5 vs. 17,1±13,1. The rate of abdominal injuries was significantly higher in run-over pedestrians (37.3% and in motorcyclists (36.0% (p<0.001. The resultant logistic regression model provided 73.5% accuracy for identifying abdominal injuries. The variables included were: motorcyclist accident as trauma mechanism (p<0.001 - OR 5.51; 95%CI 2.40-12.64, presence of rib fractures (p<0.003 - OR 3.00; 95%CI 1.47-6.14, run-over pedestrian as trauma mechanism (p=0.008 - OR 2.85; 95%CI 1.13-6.22 and abnormal neurological physical exam at admission (p=0.015 - OR 0.44; 95%CI 0.22-0.85. Conclusion Intra-abdominal injuries were predominantly associated with trauma mechanism and presence of chest injuries.

Enteral Feeding in Abdominal Compartment Syndrome

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Ye. V Grigoryev

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Objective: to substantiate the choice of a gastrointestinal tract (GIT function support regimen as a mode for correction of the abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS. Subjects and methods. Forty-three patients with different causes of inadequate GIT function of various origin and ACS (disseminated peritonitis (45%, pancreatitis (24%, and severe concomitant injury (31% were examined. Group 1 (control received complete parenteral nutritional feeding (n=23; APACHE II scores, 21±4; calculated probability of fatal outcome, 33.5%. In Group II (study, complete parenteral feeding in the first 24 hours after stabilization was supplemented with GIT function support with Pepsisorb (Nutricia in doses of 500, 1000, and 1500 ml on days 1, 2, and 3, respectively (n=20; APACHE II scores, 20±6; calculated probability of fatal outcome, 37.1%. During early enteral nutritional support, the SOFA score was significantly less than that in Group 1 on days 2—3; the oxygenation index significantly increased on day 3; the value of intra-abdominal hypertension decreased to the control values. The positive effect of the GIT function support regimen on regression of the multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS was confirmed by the lowered levels of biological markers (von Willebrand factor (WF and endothelin-1 as markers of endothelial damage of MODS. Correlation analysis showed a direct correlation between the markers of endothelial damage and the SOFA scores (r=0.34; p=0.05 for WF and r=0.49;p=0.03 for endothelin. Conclusion. The GIT function support regimen via early enteral alimentation with Peptisorb, which was initiated in the first 24 hours after admission, is able to level off the manifestations of the early stages of the abdominal compartment syndrome, with the acceptable values of oxygen balance and water-electrolyte and osmotic homeostasis being achieved. Key words: abdominal compartment syndrome, nutritional support, biological markers, oxygenation index

Marfan's syndrome presenting with abdominal aortic aneurysm: A ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

We present the case of a 16-year old student with Marfan's syndrome and abdominal aortic aneurysm who presented with a diagnostic conundrum. He presented with a three months history of progressive painful left upper abdominal mass and back pain. It became severe in the last two weeks before presentation and was ...

Abdominal Cysticercosis in a Red Fox ( Vulpes vulpes ).

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Whipp, Christopher James; Daoust, Pierre-Yves; Conboy, Gary; Gelens, Hans

2017-01-01

A large abdominal mass containing numerous cysticerci identified as those of Taenia crassiceps (=Cysticercus longicollis) was found in the pelvic region of the abdominal cavity of a severely constipated and emaciated red fox ( Vulpes vulpes ) in Prince Edward Island, Canada. Cysticercosis has not previously been reported in a wild canid in North America.

Implementação financeira e o impacto do mutirão de cirurgias de varizes, após a criação do Fundo de Ações Estratégias e Compensação (FAEC Financial implementation and the impact of vascular surgery task force, after the creation of the Strategic Actions and Compensation Fund (FAEC

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Maira Oliveira Souza

2011-12-01

Full Text Available CONTEXTO: Apesar de reconhecer que o número apresentado pelo mutirão de cirurgias eletivas não refletisse inteiramente a realidade, foi significativa a implementação financeira do Ministério da Saúde do Brasil, bem como o aumento de cirurgias de varizes, após criação do Fundo de Ações Estratégias e Compensação (FAEC. OBJETIVO: Avaliar os resultados da aplicação do investimento financeiro do Ministério da Saúde no mutirão de cirurgias de varizes. MÉTODOS:Foi realizado um estudo transversal de natureza retrospectiva, utilizando informações do banco de dados do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde. Foram incluídas na pesquisa todas autorizações de internação hospitalar das cirurgias de varizes de membros inferiores pagas pelo Ministério da Saúde do Brasil, no período de janeiro de 1998 a dezembro de 2004. RESULTADOS: Em 1998, antes da implementação do mutirão de cirurgias eletivas foram realizadas 23.531 cirurgias de varizes e investidos R$ 5.819.033,27. Após a criação do FAEC, foram realizadas 457.026 cirurgias de varizes de membros inferiores, no período de 1999 a 2004, e foram investidos R$ 187.760.196,81 com média de R$ 31.293.336,13 por ano. CONCLUSÃO: O investimento feito pelo Ministério da Saúde durante o programa de mutirões de cirurgias eletivas pelo FAEC, proporcionou aumento significativo do número de cirurgias de varizes em todo Brasil.BACKGROUND: In spite of the fact that the number of surgeries presented by the elective surgery task force did not entirely reflect the reality, it is possible to declare that the financial implementation of the Brazilian Ministry of Health has been significative, as well as the increasing number of varicose vein surgeries, especially after the creation of the Strategic Actions and Compensation Fund (FAEC. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the application of financial investment in the Ministry of Health campaign for varicose vein surgery. METHODS: A

Physical activity and abdominal obesity in youth.

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Kim, YoonMyung; Lee, SoJung

2009-08-01

Childhood obesity continues to escalate despite considerable efforts to reverse the current trends. Childhood obesity is a leading public health concern because overweight-obese youth suffer from comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease, conditions once considered limited to adults. This increasing prevalence of chronic health conditions in youth closely parallels the dramatic increase in obesity, in particular abdominal adiposity, in youth. Although mounting evidence in adults demonstrates the benefits of regular physical activity as a treatment strategy for abdominal obesity, the independent role of regular physical activity alone (e.g., without calorie restriction) on abdominal obesity, and in particular visceral fat, is largely unclear in youth. There is some evidence to suggest that, independent of sedentary activity levels (e.g., television watching or playing video games), engaging in higher-intensity physical activity is associated with a lower waist circumference and less visceral fat. Several randomized controlled studies have shown that aerobic types of exercise are protective against age-related increases in visceral adiposity in growing children and adolescents. However, evidence regarding the effect of resistance training alone as a strategy for the treatment of abdominal obesity is lacking and warrants further investigation.

Abdominal Compartment Syndrome Secondary to Chronic Constipation

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Helene Flageole

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS is defined as an elevated intraabdominal pressure with evidence of organ dysfunction. The majority of published reports of ACS are in neonates with abdominal wall defects and in adults following trauma or burns, but it is poorly described in children. We describe the unusual presentation of an 11-year-old boy with a long history of chronic constipation who developed acute ACS requiring resuscitative measures and emergent disimpaction. He presented with a 2-week history of increasing abdominal pain, nausea, diminished appetite and longstanding encopresis. On exam, he was emaciated with a massively distended abdomen with a palpable fecaloma. Abdominal XR confirmed these findings. Within 24 hours of presentation, he became tachycardic and oliguric with orthostatic hypotension. Following two enemas, he acutely deteriorated with severe hypotension, marked tachycardia, acute respiratory distress, and a declining mental status. Endotracheal intubation, fluid boluses, and vasopressors were commenced, followed by emergent surgical fecal disimpaction. This resulted in rapid improvement in vital signs. He has been thoroughly investigated and no other condition apart from functional constipation has been identified. Although ACS secondary to constipation is extremely unusual, this case illustrates the need to actively treat constipation and what can happen if it is not.

Splenic injury after blunt abdominal trauma during a soccer (football) game.

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Padlipsky, Patricia S; Brindis, Seth; Young, Kelly D

2014-10-01

The spleen is the most commonly injured abdominal organ in children who sustain blunt abdominal trauma, and pediatric splenic injury may result from minor mechanisms of injury, including sports participation. We present 2 cases of splenic injury in soccer goalies because of blunt abdominal trauma sustained during game play. Although abdominal organ injuries are uncommon in soccer, emergency medicine and primary care physicians must be aware of the possibility. A high index of suspicion and careful physical examination are key in making the diagnosis.

Abdominal wall reconstruction for large incisional hernia restores expiratory lung function

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, Kristian K; Backer, Vibeke; Jorgensen, Lars N

2017-01-01

BACKGROUND: Respiratory complications secondary to intermittent intra-abdominal hypertension and/or atelectasis are common after abdominal wall reconstruction for large incisional hernias. It is unknown if the respiratory function of this patient group is affected long term or impairs activities...... of daily living. We hypothesized that abdominal wall reconstruction for large incisional hernia would not lead to improved, long-term pulmonary function or respiratory quality of life. METHODS: Eighteen patients undergoing open abdominal wall reconstruction with mesh for a large incisional hernia...... (horizontal fascial defect width >10 cm) were compared with 18 patients with an intact abdominal wall who underwent colorectal resection. Patients were examined pre- and 1-year postoperatively. Examined measures included forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in first second, peak expiratory flow...

Pseudotumors after primary abdominal lipectomy as a new sequela in patients with abdominal apron.

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Dragu, Adrian; Bach, Alexander D; Polykandriotis, Elias; Kneser, Ulrich; Horch, Raymund E

2009-11-01

Malnutrition and overweight is a common problem in modern societies. Primary abdominal lipectomy is a standard surgical tool in patients with these problems. However, unknown secondary problems result from recent advances in obesity surgery. Plication of the anterior musculoaponeurotic wall is a widely and commonly used operative technique during abdominoplasty. Many different plication techniques have been published. So far no common standard and long-term effectiveness is proven. In addition, there is no sufficient literature dealing with the postoperative risks of plication of the musculoaponeurotic wall. Four patients with development of pseudotumors were reviewed. All four patients received 12 months in advance a primary abdominal lipectomy including a vertical plication of the musculoaponeurotic wall. All four patients were females with mean age of 61 years and mean body mass index (BMI) of 37 kg/m(2). All four patients had developed a pseudotumor of the abdomen as a long-term complication more than 12 months after primary abdominal lipectomy including a vertical plication of the anterior rectus sheath. One should be aware of the potential long-term risk of secondary postoperative hematoma formation, with or without partial necrosis of the anterior rectus sheath after vertical plication of the anterior musculoaponeurotic wall. Viewed clinically and radiologically, such sequelas may appear as pseudotumor like masses and require immediate revision.

Practical human abdominal fat imaging utilizing electrical impedance tomography.

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Yamaguchi, T; Maki, K; Katashima, M

2010-07-01

The fundamental cause of metabolic syndrome is thought to be abdominal obesity. Accurate diagnosis of abdominal obesity can be done by an x-ray computed tomography (CT) scan. But CT is expensive, bulky and entails the risks involved with radiation. To overcome such disadvantages, we attempted to develop a measuring device that could apply electrical impedance tomography to abdominal fat imaging. The device has 32 electrodes that can be attached to a subject's abdomen by a pneumatic mechanism. That way, electrode position data can be acquired simultaneously. An applied alternating current of 1.0 mArms was used at a frequency of 500 kHz. Sensed voltage data were carefully filtered to remove noise and processed to satisfy the reciprocal theorem. The image reconstruction software was developed concurrently, applying standard finite element methods and the Marquardt method to solve the mathematical inverse problem. The results of preliminary experiments showed that abdominal subcutaneous fat and the muscle surrounding the viscera could be imaged in humans. While our imaging of visceral fat was not of sufficient quality, it was suggested that we will be able to develop a safe and practical abdominal fat scanner through future improvements.

[Globalization: challenges in abdominal surgery for migrants and refugees].

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Wilhelm, T J; Post, S

2018-03-01

The increasing number of refugees, migrants and international travelers influences the surgical spectrum of abdominal diseases. The aim of this review is to familiarize surgeons with specific diseases which are endemic in the patients' countries of origin and are likely to be diagnosed with increasing incidence in Germany. Low levels of hygiene in the countries of origin or refugee camps is associated with a high incidence of numerous infections, such as helminth infections, typhoid fever or amoebiasis, which if untreated can cause surgical emergencies. Historically, some of them were common in Germany but have been more or less eradicated because of the high socioeconomic standard. Echinococcosis and Chagas disease are frequently treated surgically while schistosomiasis can mimic intestinal cancer. Abdominal tuberculosis presents in a variety of abdominal pathologies and frequently causes diagnostic uncertainty. Sigmoid volvulus has a very low incidence among Europeans, but is one of the most common abdominal surgical conditions of adults in endemic countries. The number of patients who eventually undergo surgery for these conditions might be relatively low; however, surgeons must be aware of them and consider them as differential diagnoses in refugees and migrants with acute or chronic abdominal symptoms.

Does intra-abdominal fluid increase the resting energy expenditure?

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Zarling, E J; Grande, A; Hano, J

1997-10-01

In patients with intra-abdominal fluid collection, caloric needs are based on an estimated dry weight. This is done because intra-abdominal fluid has been assumed to be metabolically inactive. One recent study of patients with slowly resolving ascites suggested otherwise. In our study, the effect of intra-abdominal fluid on the resting energy expenditure (REE) and apparent lean body mass was determined in 10 stable patients requiring peritoneal dialysis. For each subject, in both the empty and full state, we measured REE by indirect calorimetry, and body composition by the bioelectric impedance method. In the full state, the VCO2 was significantly increased (210 +/- 11 versus 197 +/- 9 mL/min, P empty state. This caused an increase in the calculated resting energy expenditure (1531 +/- 88 kcal/d empty versus 1593 +/- 94 kcal/d full, P calories derived from glucose absorbed out of the dialysate. Estimates of body fat, lean body mass, and total water also were not affected by the intra-abdominal fluid. We conclude that intra-abdominal fluid will not affect the measured REE and hence may be considered to be metabolically inactive.

Deaths from abdominal trauma: analysis of 1888 forensic autopsies

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POLYANNA HELENA COELHO BORDONI

Full Text Available ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the epidemiological profile of deaths due to abdominal trauma at the Forensic Medicine Institute of Belo Horizonte, MG - Brazil. Methods: we conducted a retrospective study of the reports of deaths due to abdominal trauma autopsied from 2006 to 2011. Results: we analyzed 1.888 necropsy reports related to abdominal trauma. Penetrating trauma was more common than blunt one and gunshot wounds were more prevalent than stab wounds. Most of the individuals were male, brown-skinned, single and occupationally active. The median age was 34 years. The abdominal organs most injured in the penetrating trauma were the liver and the intestines, and in blunt trauma, the liver and the spleen. Homicide was the most prevalent circumstance of death, followed by traffic accidents, and almost half of the cases were referred to the Forensic Medicine Institute by a health unit. The blood alcohol test was positive in a third of the necropsies where it was performed. Cocaine and marijuana were the most commonly found substances in toxicology studies. Conclusion: in this sample. there was a predominance of penetrating abdominal trauma in young, brown and single men, the liver being the most injured organ.

Practical human abdominal fat imaging utilizing electrical impedance tomography

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yamaguchi, T; Katashima, M; Maki, K

2010-01-01

The fundamental cause of metabolic syndrome is thought to be abdominal obesity. Accurate diagnosis of abdominal obesity can be done by an x-ray computed tomography (CT) scan. But CT is expensive, bulky and entails the risks involved with radiation. To overcome such disadvantages, we attempted to develop a measuring device that could apply electrical impedance tomography to abdominal fat imaging. The device has 32 electrodes that can be attached to a subject's abdomen by a pneumatic mechanism. That way, electrode position data can be acquired simultaneously. An applied alternating current of 1.0 mArms was used at a frequency of 500 kHz. Sensed voltage data were carefully filtered to remove noise and processed to satisfy the reciprocal theorem. The image reconstruction software was developed concurrently, applying standard finite element methods and the Marquardt method to solve the mathematical inverse problem. The results of preliminary experiments showed that abdominal subcutaneous fat and the muscle surrounding the viscera could be imaged in humans. While our imaging of visceral fat was not of sufficient quality, it was suggested that we will be able to develop a safe and practical abdominal fat scanner through future improvements

Consumo de bebida alcoólica e adiposidade abdominal em doadores de sangue Consumo de bebida alcohólica y adiposidad abdominal en donadores de sangre Alcohol consumption and abdominal fat in blood donors

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Márcia Gonçalves Ferreira

2008-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Analisar a associação entre o consumo de bebidas alcoólicas e adiposidade abdominal. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com uma amostra de homens doadores de sangue (N=1.235, de 20 a 59 anos, em Cuiabá (MT, realizado de agosto/1999 a janeiro/2000. Os indicadores de adiposidade abdominal foram circunferência da cintura e relação cintura/quadril, ajustados pela adiposidade total. As medidas aferidas foram: peso, estatura, circunferências da cintura e do quadril. O consumo de álcool foi avaliado utilizando-se um questionário sobre tipo, freqüência e quantidade da bebida consumida. A associação entre o consumo de álcool e adiposidade abdominal foi analisada por regressão linear múltipla, com os modelos ajustados para idade, atividade física, tabagismo e adiposidade total. RESULTADOS: Após ajuste, a circunferência da cintura e a relação cintura quadril mantiveram-se associadas positivamente ao consumo de cerveja (p=0,02 e ao total de álcool consumido (p=0,01 e 0,03, respectivamente. O consumo de aguardente mostrou associação somente com a circunferência da cintura (p=0,04. CONCLUSÕES: O consumo de álcool, particularmente de cerveja, associou-se com a localização abdominal de gordura.OBJETIVO: Analizar la asociación entre el consumo de bebidas alcohólica y adiposidad abdominal. MÉTODOS: Se efectuó estudio transversal con una muestra de hombres donadores de sangre (N= 1.235, de 20 a 59 años, en Cuiabá (Centro-Oeste de Brasil, realizado de agosto/1999 a enero/2000. Los indicadores de adiposidad abdominal fueron circunferencia de la cintura y relación cintura/cuadril, ajustadas por la adiposidad total. Las medidas verificables fueron: peso, estatura, circunferencias de la cintura y del cuadril. El consumo de alcohol fue evaluado utilizándose un cuestionario sobre tipo, frecuencia y cantidad de la bebida consumida. La asociación entre el consumo de alcohol y adiposidad abdominal fue analizada por regresi

Interventional and surgical management of abdominal compartment syndrome in severe acute pancreatitis.

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Dambrauskas, Zilvinas; Parseliūnas, Audrius; Maleckas, Almantas; Gulbinas, Antanas; Barauskas, Giedrius; Pundzius, Juozas

2010-01-01

Management of the abdominal compartment syndrome during severe acute pancreatitis by the open abdomen method is associated with considerable morbidity and resource utilization. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the ultrasound-guided percutaneous interventions and/or minimally invasive surgery in the treatment of abdominal compartment syndrome. Forty-four patients with severe acute pancreatitis were enrolled into a prospective study and treated according to the standard management protocol. Interventional and/or surgical management of abdominal compartment syndrome was employed in 6 (13.6%) cases. In the context of this study, we assessed the feasibility and effectiveness of subcutaneous fasciotomy of the anterior m. rectus abdominis sheath, as well as the role of ultrasound-guided drainage of intra-abdominal and peripancreatic fluid collections in the management of abdominal compartment syndrome. Subcutaneous fasciotomy of the anterior m. rectus sheath and ultrasound-guided drainage of intra-abdominal and peripancreatic fluid collections seem to be safe (minor risk of bleeding or infection, closed abdomen, and easy care for the patient) and effective (resulted in a sustained decrease of intra-abdominal pressure to 13-16 mm Hg and regression of organ failures after intervention). Subcutaneous anterior m. rectus fasciotomy may appear to be beneficial in case of refractory abdominal compartment syndrome avoiding morbidity associated with the open abdomen technique. Both the subcutaneous fasciotomy and ultrasound-guided drainage of intra-abdominal and/or peripancreatic fluid collections seem to be safe and effective alternatives in the management of abdominal compartment syndrome; however, prospective studies are needed to further evaluate their clinical role.

Post-mortem virtual estimation of free abdominal blood volume

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ampanozi, Garyfalia; Hatch, Gary M.; Ruder, Thomas D.; Flach, Patricia M.; Germerott, Tanja; Thali, Michael J.; Ebert, Lars C.

2012-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this retrospective study was to examine the reliability of virtually estimated abdominal blood volume using segmentation from postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) data. Materials and methods: Twenty-one cases with free abdominal blood were investigated by PMCT and autopsy. The volume of the blood was estimated using a manual segmentation technique (Amira, Visage Imaging, Germany) and the results were compared to autopsy data. Six of 21 cases had undergone additional post-mortem computed tomographic angiography (PMCTA). Results: The virtually estimated abdominal blood volumes did not differ significantly from those measured at autopsy. Additional PMCTA did not bias data significantly. Conclusion: Virtual estimation of abdominal blood volume is a reliable technique. The virtual blood volume estimation is a useful tool to deliver additional information in cases where autopsy is not performed or in cases where a postmortem angiography is performed

Relationship between abdominal fat area measured by screening abdominal fat CT and metabolic syndrome in asymptomatic Korean individuals

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Park, Dae Woong; Park, Noh Hyuck; Park, Ji Yeon; Kim, Seon Jeong [Dept. of Radiology, MyoungJi Hospital, Seonam University College of Medicine, Goyang (Korea, Republic of)

2017-07-15

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between abdominal fat as assessed by abdominal fat CT and metabolic syndrome (MS), especially in asymptomatic Korean individuals. Retrospectively, a medical record analysis was performed in a total of 111 patients with screening abdominal fat CT. The data such as visceral fat (VF), subcutaneous fat (SF) and VF/SF were elicited by abdominal fat CT, and we analyzed the relationship of VF, SF, and VF/SF with MS and cardiovascular risk factors. In males, VF and SF had a positive correlation with many cardiovascular risk factors and MS, but VF was superior to SF. In females, VF, but not SF, had a positive correlation with some cardiovascular risk factors and MS. The cut-off values of VF and SF to predict MS, which were calculated by drawing receiver operating characteristic curves, were as follows: the cut-off value of VF in men: 136.50 cm{sup 2}, the cut-off value of SF in men: 159.50 cm{sup 2}, and the cut-off value of VF in women: 134.50 cm{sup 2}. In conclusion, VF accumulation was the best predictor of MS and it had a positive correlation with cardiovascular risk factors in both sexes. SF also had a significant association with MS, especially in men, although it was not superior to VF.

Relationship between abdominal fat area measured by screening abdominal fat CT and metabolic syndrome in asymptomatic Korean individuals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Park, Dae Woong; Park, Noh Hyuck; Park, Ji Yeon; Kim, Seon Jeong

2017-01-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between abdominal fat as assessed by abdominal fat CT and metabolic syndrome (MS), especially in asymptomatic Korean individuals. Retrospectively, a medical record analysis was performed in a total of 111 patients with screening abdominal fat CT. The data such as visceral fat (VF), subcutaneous fat (SF) and VF/SF were elicited by abdominal fat CT, and we analyzed the relationship of VF, SF, and VF/SF with MS and cardiovascular risk factors. In males, VF and SF had a positive correlation with many cardiovascular risk factors and MS, but VF was superior to SF. In females, VF, but not SF, had a positive correlation with some cardiovascular risk factors and MS. The cut-off values of VF and SF to predict MS, which were calculated by drawing receiver operating characteristic curves, were as follows: the cut-off value of VF in men: 136.50 cm"2, the cut-off value of SF in men: 159.50 cm"2, and the cut-off value of VF in women: 134.50 cm"2. In conclusion, VF accumulation was the best predictor of MS and it had a positive correlation with cardiovascular risk factors in both sexes. SF also had a significant association with MS, especially in men, although it was not superior to VF

Children's (Pediatric) Abdominal Ultrasound Imaging

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Full Text Available ... through blood vessels. Ultrasound imaging is a noninvasive medical test that helps physicians diagnose and treat medical conditions. Children's (pediatric) abdominal ultrasound imaging produces pictures ...

Gastrointestinal injuries from blunt abdominal trauma in children.

Science.gov (United States)

Ameh, E A; Nmadu, P T

2004-04-01

To determine the pattern, presentation and outcome of gastrointestinal injuries from blunt abdominal trauma in children. A retrospective study. Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria. Twenty one children managed for gastrointestinal injuries from blunt trauma from 1984-2002. The pattern, presentation, management and outcome of gastrointestinal injuries from blunt trauma. In the 19 year period, 1984-2002, 92 children were treated for blunt abdominal trauma, 21(23%) of who had injuries to the gastrointestinal tract. Three presenting after 24 hours had evidence of peritonitis. In six children with isolated gastrointestinal tract (GIT) injury who presented within two hours, abdominal signs were vague at initial evaluation but became marked over a few hours at repeated examination. In eight with associated intraabdominal injuries, abdominal signs were marked at initial examination and five presented with shock. Free peritoneal air was present on plain abdominal and chest radiograph in three of ten patients, dilated bowel loops in six and fluid levels in one. Diagnostic peritoneal lavage or paracentesis was positive in four patients with isolated GIT injuries and eight with associated intraabdominal injuries. There were 24 injuries in the 21 patients consisting of 15 perforations, five contusions, two seromuscular tears, and two gangrene from mesenteric injury. The small intestine was involved in 11 patients, colon six, stomach five, duodenum one and rectum one. Seven (35%) patients had associated extraabdominal injuries. Treatment consisted of simple closure of perforations, over sewing of contusions, resection and anastomosis for gangrene and repair with protective stoma for the rectal injury. One patient each developed prolonged ileus, urinary tract infection and chest infection, respectively postoperatively. Mortality was 28%, all of who had associated intraabdominal or extraabdominal injuries. Gastrointestinal injury from blunt abdominal trauma in

Orchiopexy for intra-abdominal testes: factors predicting success.

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Stec, Andrew A; Tanaka, Stacy T; Adams, Mark C; Pope, John C; Thomas, John C; Brock, John W

2009-10-01

Intra-abdominal testes can be treated with several surgical procedures. We evaluated factors influencing the outcome of orchiopexy for intra-abdominal testis. We retrospectively reviewed 156 consecutive orchiopexies performed for intra-abdominal testis, defined as a nonpalpable testis on examination and located in the abdomen at surgery. All surgical approaches were included in the study. Primary outcome was the overall success rate and secondary outcomes were success based on surgical approach, age and a patent processus vaginalis. Success was considered a testis with normal texture and size compared to the contralateral testis at followup. Multivariate analysis was performed to determine factors predictive of success. The overall success rate of all orchiopexies was 79.5%. Median patient age at orchiopexy was 12 months and mean followup was 16 months. Of the patients 117 had a patent processus vaginalis at surgery. One-stage abdominal orchiopexy was performed in 92 testes with 89.1% success. Of these cases 32 were performed laparoscopically with 96.9% success. One-stage Fowler-Stephens orchiopexy was performed in 27 testes and 2-stage Fowler-Stephens orchiopexy was performed in 37 with success in 63.0% and 67.6%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that 1-stage orchiopexy without vessel division had more successful outcomes than 1 and 2-stage Fowler-Stephens orchiopexy (OR 0.24, p = 0.007 and 0.29, p = 0.19, respectively). Neither age at surgery nor an open internal ring was significant (p = 0.49 and 0.12, respectively). The overall success of orchiopexy for intra-abdominal testis is 79.5%. While patient selection remains a critical factor, 1-stage orchiopexy without vessel division was significantly more successful and a laparoscopic approach was associated with the fewest failures for intra-abdominal testes.

Abdominal and Pelvic CT

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Full Text Available ... as ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease , pancreatitis or liver cirrhosis. cancers of the liver, kidneys, pancreas, ovaries and bladder as well as ... injuries to abdominal organs such as the spleen, liver, kidneys or other internal organs in cases of ...

Emergency CT in blunt abdominal trauma of multiple injury patients

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kinnunen, J.; Kivioja, A.; Poussa, K.; Laasonen, E.M.

1994-01-01

Multiple injury patients with blunt abdominal trauma (n = 110) were examined by abdominal CT. An i.v., but not peroral, contrast medium was used, thereby eliminating the delay caused by administering peroral contrast medium and any subsequent delay in making the diagnoses and beginning operative treatment. Eighteen patients underwent emergency laparotomy after the initial CT examination. The preoperative CT findings were compared to the laparotomy findings. CT revealed all but one of the severe parenchymal organ lesions requiring surgery. The one liver laceration that went undetected had caused hemoperitoneum, which was diagnosed by CT. The bowel and mesenteric lesions presented as intra-abdominal blood, and the hemoperitoneum was discovered in every patient with these lesions. Fourteen patients also initially had positive abdominal CT findings; 10 of them underwent an additional abdominal CT within 3 days, but the repeat studies did not reveal any lesions in need of surgery. Omission of the oral contrast medium did not jeopardize making the essential diagnoses, but it did save time. (orig.)

Plain abdominal radiographs in acute medical emergencies: an abused investigation?

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Feyler, S; Williamson, V; King, D

2002-02-01

Plain abdominal radiographs are commonly requested for acute medical emergencies on patients with non-specific abdominal symptoms and signs. In this study 131 plain abdominal radiographs performed on the day of admission were prospectively analysed. In only 16 cases (12%) the reasons for requests conformed to the recommended guidelines by the Royal College of Radiologists. The reason for the request was stated in the case notes in only three cases. In 62 cases (47%), there was no comment made on the film by the requesting clinician. There was a discrepancy in the interpretation of the radiograph between the clinician and the radiologist in 31 cases (24%). The clinical management was influenced by plain abdominal radiographs in only nine cases (7%). The majority of plain abdominal radiographs requested on acute medical emergencies is inappropriate. There is a need to ensure guidelines are followed to prevent unnecessary exposure of patients to radiation as well as preventing expenditure on irrelevant investigations.

Evaluation of mesenteric lymph nodes in children with abdominal pain

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jedrzejewski, G.

2008-01-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes seen on pediatric abdominal ultrasound examinations performed in children with abdominal pain. Ultrasound was performed with Sonoline Elegra and Philips iU-22 units with convex-array 2-5 MHz transducer for the general abdominal examination, and in addition with convex 5-8 MHz or linear 7.5 MHz transducers specially to detect lymph nodes. Enlarged lymph nodes were found in 248 (21,2%) out of 1171 symptomatic patients. In 53 patients some other abnormalities were found. The nodes were mostly disc-like and oval in shape. They had usually a homogeneous appearance and were iso- or hypoechoic relative to the surrounding tissues and intestinal loops. Mesenteric lymphadenitis is commonly reported in children with acute, chronic or recurrent abdominal pain and no evidence of other pathologies, and has been reported as one of the most common explanation for acute right lower quadrant abdominal pain. (authors)

A rare cause of lomber pain: diopatic abdominal aortic pseudoaneurysm

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Colak, F.; Saglam, M.; Sahin, M.; Bozlar, U.

2012-01-01

Full text: Introduction: Abdominal aortic pseudoaneurysms are rare and life-threatening situations. Trauma and operative procedures are common causes of pseudoaneurysm. Abdominal pain is the most common symptom of them. They are usually detected incidentally. Objectives and tasks: We aim to present CTA findings of abdominal aortic pseudoaneurysm causes gradually increasing lomber pain in 70-year-old female patient. Physical examination also made diagnosis easy because of pulsatile mass detected. Materials and methods: Lomber MRG and endoscopic procedures were normal. Then we performed CTA to find the cause for pulsatile mass. Results: Pseudoaneurysm with approximately 6 x 7.5 cm size was compressing duodenum and not showing extravasation at the infrarenal segment of abdominal aorta detected in CTA. Pseudoaneurysm was filling from aorta through a 2 cm neck. Conclusion: Primary cause for pseudoaneurysms is traumating injuries. Initial presentation may be abdominal pain, gastrointestinal bleeding or pulsatile mass. To plan treatment and figure out pseudoaneurysm CTA is very fast and non-invasive technic

Abdominal compartment syndrome following abdominoplasty: A case report and review

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Arash Izadpanah

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Abdominoplasty is among the most commonly performed aesthetic procedures in plastic surgery. Despite high complication rate, abdominal contouring procedures are expected to rise in popularity with the advent of bariatric surgery. Patients with a history of gastric bypass surgery have an elevated incidence of small bowel obstruction from internal herniation, which is associated with non-specific upper abdominal pain, nausea, and a decrease in appetite. Internal hernias, when subjected to elevated intra-abdominal pressures, have a high-risk of developing ischemic bowel. We present a case report of patient with previous laparoscopic Roux-en-y gastric bypass who developed acute ischemic bowel leading to abdominal compartment syndrome following abdominoplasty. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case in the literature. We herein emphasise on the subtle symptoms and signs that warrant further investigations in prospective patients for an abdominal contouring procedure with a prior history of gastric bypass surgery.

Abdominal actinomycosis: a report of three cases of this uncommon infection; Actinomicos abdominal: una infeccion poco frecuente. A proposito de tres casos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ostiz, S.; Sanchez, C.; Jimenez, G.; Caballero, P.; Cordero, J. L.; Montes, M. [Hospital Virgen del Camino. Pamplona (Spain)

1999-07-01

Abdominal actinomycosis is a rare infection caused by Actinomyces, a grampositive bacterium that generally exists as a saprophyte in the oral cavity and colon. The diagnosis is usually difficult due to its low incidence and nonspecific clinical and radiological findings. We present three new cases of abdominal actinomycosis. The first involved several pelvic structures and abdominal wall. The second was detected in left hepatic lobe. In the third case, the infection was located in descending colon. We stress the wide range of presenting signs, describing the findings that, when taken together, suggest the correct diagnosis. (Author) 13 refs.

[Rome III classification of functional gastrointestinal disorders in children with chronic abdominal pain].

Science.gov (United States)

Plocek, Anna; Wasowska-Królikowska, Krystyna; Toporowska-Kowalska, Ewa

2010-01-01

The updated Rome III Classification of paediatric functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) associated with abdominal pain comprises: functional dyspepsia (FD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), abdominal migraine, functional abdominal pain (FAP), functional abdominal pain syndrome (FAPS). To assess the value of the Rome criteria in identifying FGIDs in children with chronic abdominal pain. The study group consisted of 439 consecutive paediatric patients (192 boys and 247 girls) aged 4-18 years (mean age was 11.95 +/- 3.89 years) referred to the Paediatric Gastroenterology Department at Medical University of Lodz from January 2008 to June 2009 for evaluation of abdominal pain of at least 2 months' duration. After exclusion of organic disease children suspected of functional chronic abdominal pain were categorized with the use of Rome III criteria of FGIDs associated with abdominal pain (H2a-H2d1) and the Questionnaire on Paediatric Gastrointestinal Symptoms (with the permission of doctor L. S. Walker). The patients with known nonabdominal organic disease, chronic illness or handicap were excluded. In 161 patients (36.58%) organic etiology was confirmed. Of the 278 children (63.42%) with functional chronic abdominal pain, 228 (82.02%) met the Rome III criteria for FGIDs associated with abdominal pain (FD, 15.5%; IBS, 21.6%; abdominal migraine, 5%; FAP 24.5%; FAPS, 15.9%). Fifty cases (17.98%) did not fulfill the criteria for subtypes of abdominal pain-related FGIDs--mainly due to different as defined by Rome III criteria (at least once per week) frequency of symptom presentation. (1) In the authors'investigations FGIDs was the most frequent cause of chronic abdominal pain in children. (2) The significant number of children with nonclassified FGIDs implies the need to modify the diagnostic criteria of Rome III classification concerning the prevalence of symptoms.

[Gallbladder contractility in children with functional abdominal pain or irritable bowel syndrome].

Science.gov (United States)

Iwańczak, Franciszek; Siedlecka-Dawidko, Jolanta; Iwanczak, Barbara

2013-07-01

III Rome Criteria of functional gastrointestinal disorders in children, distinguished the disturbances with abdominal pain, to which irritable bowel syndrome, functional abdominal pains, functional dyspepsia and abdominal migraine were included. THE AIM OF THE STUDY was sonographic assessment of the gallbladder and its contractility in functional abdominal pain and irritable bowel syndrome in children. The study comprised 96 children aged 6 to 18 years, 59 girls and 37 boys. Depending on diagnosis, the children were divided into three groups. 38 children with functional abdominal pain constituted the first group, 26 children with irritable bowel syndrome were included to the second group, the third group consisted of 32 healthy children (control group). Diagnosis of functional abdominal pain and irritable bowel syndrome was made based on the III Rome Criteria. In irritable bowel syndrome both forms with diarrhea (13) and with constipation (13) were observed. Anatomy and contractility of the gallbladder were assessed by ultrasound examination. The presence of septum, wall thickness, thick bile, vesicle volume in fasting state and 30th and 60th minute after test meal were taken into consideration. Test meal comprised about 15% of caloric requirement of moderate metabolism. Children with bile stones and organic diseases were excluded from the study. Thickened vesicle wall and thick bile were present more frequently in children with irritable bowel syndrome and functional abdominal pain than in control group (p functional abdominal pain than in irritable bowel syndrome and control group (p = 0.003, p = 0.05). Vesicle contractility after test meal was greatest in children with functional abdominal pain. Evaluation of diminished (smaller than 30%) and enlarged (greater then 80%) gallbladder contractility at 30th and 60th minute after test meal demonstrated disturbances of contractility in children with irritable bowel syndrome and functional abdominal pain. In children

Mechanical ventilation and intra-abdominal hypertension: 'Beyond Good and Evil'

OpenAIRE

Pelosi, Paolo; Vargas, Maria

2012-01-01

Intra-abdominal hypertension is frequent in surgical and medical critically ill patients. Intra-abdominal hypertension has a serious impact on the function of respiratory as well as peripheral organs. In the presence of alveolar capillary damage, which occurs in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), intra-abdominal hypertension promotes lung injury as well as edema, impedes the pulmonary lymphatic drainage, and increases intra-thoracic pressures, leading to atelectasis, airway closure, ...

Epidemiology of pediatric functional abdominal pain disorders: a meta-analysis.

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Korterink, Judith J; Diederen, Kay; Benninga, Marc A; Tabbers, Merit M

2015-01-01

We aimed to review the literature regarding epidemiology of functional abdominal pain disorders in children and to assess its geographic, gender and age distribution including associated risk factors of developing functional abdominal pain. The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and PsychInfo databases were systematically searched up to February 2014. Study selection criteria included: (1) studies of birth cohort, school based or general population samples (2) containing data concerning epidemiology, prevalence or incidence (3) of children aged 4-18 years (4) suffering from functional abdominal pain. Quality of studies was rated by a self-made assessment tool. A random-effect meta-analysis model was used to estimate the prevalence of functional abdominal pain in childhood. A total of 58 articles, including 196,472 children were included. Worldwide pooled prevalence for functional abdominal pain disorders was 13.5% (95% CI 11.8-15.3), of which irritable bowel syndrome was reported most frequently (8.8%, 95% CI 6.2-11.9). The prevalence across studies ranged widely from 1.6% to 41.2%. Higher pooled prevalence rates were reported in South America (16.8%) and Asia (16.5%) compared to Europe (10.5%). And a higher pooled prevalence was reported when using the Rome III criteria (16.4%, 95% CI 13.5-19.4). Functional abdominal pain disorders are shown to occur significantly more in girls (15.9% vs. 11.5%, pooled OR 1.5) and is associated with the presence of anxiety and depressive disorders, stress and traumatic life events. Functional abdominal pain disorders are a common problem worldwide with irritable bowel syndrome as most encountered abdominal pain-related functional gastrointestinal disorder. Female gender, psychological disorders, stress and traumatic life events affect prevalence.

Epidemiology of pediatric functional abdominal pain disorders: a meta-analysis.

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Judith J Korterink

Full Text Available We aimed to review the literature regarding epidemiology of functional abdominal pain disorders in children and to assess its geographic, gender and age distribution including associated risk factors of developing functional abdominal pain.The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and PsychInfo databases were systematically searched up to February 2014. Study selection criteria included: (1 studies of birth cohort, school based or general population samples (2 containing data concerning epidemiology, prevalence or incidence (3 of children aged 4-18 years (4 suffering from functional abdominal pain. Quality of studies was rated by a self-made assessment tool. A random-effect meta-analysis model was used to estimate the prevalence of functional abdominal pain in childhood.A total of 58 articles, including 196,472 children were included. Worldwide pooled prevalence for functional abdominal pain disorders was 13.5% (95% CI 11.8-15.3, of which irritable bowel syndrome was reported most frequently (8.8%, 95% CI 6.2-11.9. The prevalence across studies ranged widely from 1.6% to 41.2%. Higher pooled prevalence rates were reported in South America (16.8% and Asia (16.5% compared to Europe (10.5%. And a higher pooled prevalence was reported when using the Rome III criteria (16.4%, 95% CI 13.5-19.4. Functional abdominal pain disorders are shown to occur significantly more in girls (15.9% vs. 11.5%, pooled OR 1.5 and is associated with the presence of anxiety and depressive disorders, stress and traumatic life events.Functional abdominal pain disorders are a common problem worldwide with irritable bowel syndrome as most encountered abdominal pain-related functional gastrointestinal disorder. Female gender, psychological disorders, stress and traumatic life events affect prevalence.

Vertical compared with transverse incisions in abdominal surgery

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Grantcharov, T P; Rosenberg, J

2001-01-01

, and late complications (incisional hernia). RESULTS: Eleven randomised controlled trials and seven retrospective studies were identified. The transverse incision offers as good an access to most intra-abdominal structures as a vertical incision. The transverse incision results in significantly less......OBJECTIVE: To reach an evidence-based consensus on the relative merits of vertical and transverse laparotomy incisions. DESIGN: Review of all published randomised controlled trials that compared the postoperative complications after the two main types of abdominal incisions, vertical and transverse....... SETTING: Teaching hospital, Denmark. SUBJECTS: Patients undergoing open abdominal operations. INTERVENTIONS: For some of the variables (burst abdomen and incisional hernia) it was considered adequate to include retrospective studies. Studies were identified through Medline, Cochrane library, Embase...

Predominance of Abdominal Visceral Adipose Tissue Reflects the Presence of Aortic Valve Calcification.

Science.gov (United States)

Oikawa, Masayoshi; Owada, Takashi; Yamauchi, Hiroyuki; Misaka, Tomofumi; Machii, Hirofumi; Yamaki, Takayoshi; Sugimoto, Koichi; Kunii, Hiroyuki; Nakazato, Kazuhiko; Suzuki, Hitoshi; Saitoh, Shu-Ichi; Takeishi, Yasuchika

2016-01-01

Background. Aortic valve calcification (AVC) is a common feature of aging and is related to coronary artery disease. Although abdominal visceral adipose tissue (VAT) plays fundamental roles in coronary artery disease, the relationship between abdominal VAT and AVC is not fully understood. Methods. We investigated 259 patients who underwent cardiac and abdominal computed tomography (CT). AVC was defined as calcified lesion on the aortic valve by CT. %abdominal VAT was calculated as abdominal VAT area/total adipose tissue area. Results. AVC was detected in 75 patients, and these patients showed higher %abdominal VAT (44% versus 38%, p AVC. When the cutoff value of %abdominal VAT was set at 40.9%, the area under the curve to diagnose AVC was 0.626. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR 1.120, 95% CI 1.078-1.168, p AVC. The net reclassification improvement value for detecting AVC was increased when %abdominal VAT was added to the model: 0.5093 (95% CI 0.2489-0.7697, p AVC.

A Rare Cause of Abdominal Pain in Childhood: Cardiac Angiosarcoma

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Elvan Caglar Citak

Full Text Available Abstract Cardiac angiosarcomas are extremely rare in childhood, they are rapidly progressive tumours that often present themselves as diagnostic dilemmas, resulting in delayed diagnosis. Also, extracardiac manifestations, including abdominal pain, are extremely rare in patients with intracardiac tumors. We herein present the case of a 15-year-old girl who presented with abdominal pain. Echocardiography and thoracic computed tomography showed right atrial mass. The patient underwent surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Eight months after treatment, abdominal recurrence was detected. The abdominal mass was resected, and radiotherapy and new chemotherapy protocol were given. The present case illustrates a rare case of primary cardiac angiosarcoma posing a diagnostic dilemma in an adolescent girl.

Acute intestinal distress syndrome: the importance of intra-abdominal pressure.

Science.gov (United States)

Malbrain, M L N G; Vidts, W; Ravyts, M; De Laet, I; De Waele, J

2008-11-01

This review article will focus primarily on the recent literature on abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) as well as the definitions and recommendations published by the World Society for the Abdominal Compartment Syndrome (WSACS, www.wsacs.org). The risk factors for intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and the definitions regarding increased intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) will be listed, followed by a brief but comprehensive overview of the different mechanisms of end-organ dysfunction associated with IAH. Measurement techniques for IAP will be discussed, as well as recommendations for organ function support in patients with IAH. Finally, noninvasive medical management options for IAH, surgical treatment for ACS and management of the open abdomen will be briefly discussed.

Detoxification in Abdominal Sepsis

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A. F. Potapov

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Objective. To comparatively analyze the efficiency of methods for extracorporeal detoxification (ED of the body in abdominal sepsis (AS and to choose the optimum detoxifying methods in relation to the level of endotoxicosis.Material and methods. 56 patients (41 males and 15 females; mean age 39.4±12.2 years with surgical abdominal infection of various genesis, complicated by the development of sepsis whose treatment included ED methods, were examined. The level of intoxication and the efficiency of detoxification were evaluated by general clinical and biochemical blood parameters, the leukocytic intoxication index, the levels of low and medium molecular-weight substances in the body’s media. Hemosorption, plasmapheresis, hemodialysis, hemodiafiltration, and hemofiltration were used for detoxification.Results. Surgical abdominal infection is accompanied by endotoxemia that has no clear nosological specificity, but it depends on the pattern of a clinical course of the disease and is most pronounced in the septic syndrome. In AS, 80.4% of the patients are observed to have an irreversible decompensation phase and a terminal degree of endotoxicosis, which require detoxification. The use of different ED methods according to the level of intoxication may reduce the level of endotoxicosis and yield a persistent beneficial effect in 85.2% of cases of its application. Conclusion. Filtration and dialysis techniques (hemodialysis, hemofiltration, and hemodiafiltration are the methods of choice in AS. Hemosorption and plasmapheresis may be recommended for use at the early stages of endotoxicosis development and in preserved renal excretory function.

Cirurgias de músculos retos horizontais: análise de planejamentos e resultados Surgeries of the horizontal recti muscles: analysis of plannings and results

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Rosália M. Simões Antunes Foschini

2001-11-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Estudo retrospectivo dos resultados de cirurgias para correção de estrabismo horizontal num hospital-escola. Métodos: Selecionados casos de eso ou exotropias aproximadamente concomitantes, sem sinais evidentes de paralisias musculares ou de processos de contenção das rotações oculares, em que se realizaram, apenas, cirurgias de recuo dos retos mediais (grupo A, ou laterais (grupo C, ou de recuo e ressecção em esotropias (grupo B, ou exotropias (grupo D, com ou sem transposições das inserções dos músculos operados. Resultados: Esotropias foram mais freqüentes que exotropias (nA = 66; nB = 28; nC = 27; nD = 22 e cirurgias com transposições (96 superaram as sem (47. A distribuição dos ângulos pré-operatórios (m = 42,49D, s = 11,68D nas esotropias; m = 35,39D; s = 9,93D nas exotropias e a das correções obtidas (m = 38,95D, s = 13,57D nas esotropias; m = 31,64D, s = 14,58D nas exotropias são praticamente equivalentes e, além disso, altas correlações foram observadas entre o ângulo pré-operatório e a quantidade da operação respectiva. Todavia, as correlações entre os ângulos pré-operatórios e os resultados proporcionais da cirurgia (em D/mm foram, todas, baixas. As quantidades de correções adequadas quando considerados ângulos residuais de desvio de ±5D, ±10D e ±15D, foram respectivamente de 31,9%, 62,8%, e 80,8% nas esotropias e 40,8%, 55,1% e 73,5% nas exotropias. Conclusões: Embora planejamentos cirúrgicos e suas execuções produzam resultados coletivos satisfatórios, os individuais mostram ainda uma imprevisibilidade muito alta.Purpose: Retrospective study of surgical results of the correction of horizontal strabismus in a University Hospital. Methods: In selected cases of comitant eso- and exotropias, without signs of oculomotor paralyses or restricted ocular rotations, surgeries of: recessions of both medial recti (group A, or both lateral recti (group C were performed, recession

Prospective study of emergency presentation of abdominal tuberculosis

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Akhilesh R. Mishra

2016-08-01

Full Text Available Background: In developing countries like India, where poverty, malnutrition and overcrowding prevail, tuberculosis continues to be one of the important causes of morbidity, mortality and loss of working man hours. Abdominal tuberculosis (TB can affect the gastrointestinal tract, the peritoneum, lymph nodes of the small bowel mesentery or the solid viscera (e.g. liver, spleen, pancreas etc Patient of abdominal Koch’s can present as those with a chronic undulating course and those with an acute or subacute abdominal catastrophe. In emergency the patient may present with various presentations like stricture causing obstruction or with perforation and require a different management from those routine such cases Aim and Objective: To study the varied presentation of patients with Abdominal Tuberculosis as acute surgical abdomen presenting in emergency setting to those with a subacute course. To evaluate the line of management whether operative or conservative, the operative details, post operative course and the final outcome of the disease. To study the incidence of HIV positivity in patients with abdominal tuberculosis. Methods and material: The study was designed as a prospective observational study conducted during a study period between June 2006 and June 2008 in a tertiary care centre in Mumbai. All patients with a clinical suspicion of abdominal tuberculosis were included in the study with confirmation on histopathological examination. Patient’s written informed valid consent was taken after explaining the nature of study. Result and Conclusion: Age group commonly affected was between 21-30 years with male predominance. Amongst the various complications of abdominal tuberculosis intestinal obstruction was the most common mainly due to stricture and less commonly due to hyperplastic ileocaecal mass. Next common complication observed was free perforation of the intestine which occurs at a site proximal to a tight stricture. All patients were

A Novel Diagnostic Aid for Detection of Intra-Abdominal Adhesions to the Anterior Abdominal Wall Using Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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David Randall

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Introduction. Abdominal adhesions can cause serious morbidity and complicate subsequent operations. Their diagnosis is often one of exclusion due to a lack of a reliable, non-invasive diagnostic technique. Development and testing of a candidate technique are described below. Method. During respiration, smooth visceral sliding motion occurs between the abdominal contents and the walls of the abdominal cavity. We describe a technique involving image segmentation and registration to calculate shear as an analogue for visceral slide based on the tracking of structures throughout the respiratory cycle. The presence of an adhesion is attributed to a resistance to visceral slide resulting in a discernible reduction in shear. The abdominal movement due to respiration is captured in sagittal dynamic MR images. Results. Clinical images were selected for analysis, including a patient with a surgically confirmed adhesion. Discernible reduction in shear was observed at the location of the adhesion while a consistent, gradually changing shear was observed in the healthy volunteers. Conclusion. The technique and its validation show encouraging results for adhesion detection but a larger study is now required to confirm its potential.

Acute transfusion-related abdominal injury in trauma patients: a case report.

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Michel, P; Wähnert, D; Freistühler, M; Laukoetter, M G; Rehberg, S; Raschke, M J; Garcia, P

2016-10-19

Secondary abdominal compartment syndrome is well known as a life-threatening complication in critically ill patients in an intensive care unit. Massive crystalloid fluid resuscitation has been identified as the most important risk factor. The time interval from hospital admittance to the development of manifest abdominal compartment syndrome is usually greater than 24 hours. In the absence of any direct abdominal trauma, we observed a rapidly evolving secondary abdominal compartment syndrome shortly after hospital admittance associated with massive transfusion of blood products and only moderate crystalloid resuscitation. We report the case of an acute secondary abdominal compartment syndrome developing within 3 to 4 hours in a 74-year-old polytraumatized white woman. Although multiple fractures of her extremities and a B-type pelvic ring fracture were diagnosed by a full body computed tomography scan, no intra-abdominal injury could be detected. Hemorrhagic shock with a drop in her hemoglobin level to 5.7 g/dl was treated by massive transfusion of blood products and high doses of catecholamines. Shortly afterwards, her pulmonary gas exchange progressively deteriorated and mechanical ventilation became almost impossible with peak airway pressures of up to 60 cmH 2 O. Her abdomen appeared rigid and tense accompanied by a progressive hemodynamic decompensation necessitating mechanic cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Although preoperative computed tomography scans showed no signs of intra-abdominal fluid, a decompressive laparotomy under cardiopulmonary resuscitation conditions was performed and 2 liters of ascites-like fluid disgorged. Her hemodynamics and pulmonary ventilation improved immediately. This case report describes for the first time acute secondary abdominal compartment syndrome in a trauma patient, evolving in a very short time period. We hypothesize that the massive transfusion of blood products along with high doses of catecholamines triggered the acute

A ética médica sob o viés da bioética: o exercício moral da cirurgia

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