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Sample records for cervical combinado con

  1. Estudio termodinámico de una planta de ciclo combinado con turbina de gas y pre-diseño del HRSG

    OpenAIRE

    Martín Díaz, Carlos Daniel

    2015-01-01

    Dentro del gran alcance que se puede dar a los estudios de plantas de ciclos combinados, el presente estudio se centra en analizar un ciclo combinado convencional con turbina de gas, y en condiciones de diseño. En concreto, se trata de realizar un análisis termodinámico de un ciclo combinado en configuración monoeje 1x1 con recalentamiento y tres niveles de presión, con turbina de gas refrigerada por sistema vapor-aire y posteriormente un análisis de transferencia de calor en los intercamb...

  2. Estudio termoeconómico de diferentes configuraciones de ciclo combinado integrado con una planta solar

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María Dolores Durán García

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Se presenta el análisis termoeconómico de una planta de ciclo combinado integrada con una planta solar de canal parabólico, considerada como una sección de la caldera de recuperación de calor, con el objetivo de conseguir un diseño óptimo al determinar los parámetros de diseño optimizados para ambos sistemas. Se aplica una metodología empleada en trabajos previos para la optimización de ciclos combinados, pero ahora con una planta solar. Como resultado, a partir de un análisis de sensibilidad, se obtiene el desempeño de varias configuraciones bajo diferentes condiciones de radiación solar.

  3. Efectos del ejercicio aeróbico interválico, combinado con entrenamiento de fuerza y de la restricción calórica, sobre la composición corporal de ratas obesas

    OpenAIRE

    I. Coll-Risco; D. Camiletti-Moirón; D.J. Tirado; E. Nebot; A. Andrade; R. Martínez; G. Kapravelou; J.M. Porres; P. Aranda; V.A. Aparicio

    2017-01-01

    Objetivo: Investigar los efectos de un programa de ejercicio aeróbico interválico, combinado con entrenamiento de fuerza, y de la restricción calórica, sobre el peso y la composición corporal de ratas genéticamente obesas. Método: Un total de 32 ratas genéticamente obesas fueron divididas aleatoriamente en dos grupos (n = 16) con o sin ejercicio aeróbico interválico combinado con entrenamiento de fuerza. A su vez, cada grupo, con o sin ejercicio aeróbico interválico combinado con entrenami...

  4. Efectos del ejercicio aeróbico interválico, combinado con entrenamiento de fuerza y de la restricción calórica, sobre la composición corporal de ratas obesas

    OpenAIRE

    Coll-Risco, I.; Camiletti-Moirón, D.; Tirado, D.J.; Nebot, E.; Andrade, A.; Martínez, R.; Kapravelou, G.; Porres, J.M.; Aranda, P.; Aparicio, V.A.

    2017-01-01

    Resumen Objetivo: Investigar los efectos de un programa de ejercicio aeróbico interválico, combinado con entrenamiento de fuerza, y de la restricción calórica, sobre el peso y la composición corporal de ratas genéticamente obesas. Método: Un total de 32 ratas genéticamente obesas fueron divididas aleatoriamente en dos grupos (n = 16) con o sin ejercicio aeróbico interválico combinado con entrenamiento de fuerza. A su vez, cada grupo, con o sin ejercicio aeróbico interválico combinado con en...

  5. Anticonceptivos orales combinados: Guías Latinoamericanas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    David Vásquez-Awad

    2014-09-01

    Full Text Available En los últimos años se han visto importantes avances en el desarrollo de nuevos anticonceptivos orales combinados (AOC incluyendo las transiciones de altas a bajas dosis de estrógenos y la introducción de nuevas progestinas; últimamente han salido al mercado AOC con estrógeno natural, estradiol, y en cuanto a las progestinas, su uso se enfoca al logro de efectos benéfi cos no contraceptivos específi camente en piel, cabello, peso corporal y síntomas relacionados al período menstrual. Por otra parte, también se han visto avances en cuanto a la introducción de píldoras de solo progestinas, inyectables de solo progestinas y combinados, implantes subdérmicos de progestinas y de largo lazo, parches transdérmicos combinados, anillos vaginales y dispositivos intrauterinos liberadores de levonorgestrel.

  6. Combined cycle simulator with gas turbine and steam turbine with one vaporization stage; Simulador de ciclo combinado con turbina de gas y de vapor con un nivel de vaporizacion

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Del Valle Cardenas, B.; Lugo Leyte, R. [Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Depto de Ingenieria de Procesos e Hidraulica, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico); Toledo Velazquez, Miguel; Tolentino Eslava, G. [Seccion de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigacion, Laboratorio de Ingenieria Termica e Hidraulica Aplicada, ESIME-IPN-COFFA, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

    1998-12-31

    This paper shows the thermal analysis of a combined cycle with gas and steam turbines with one vaporization stage. The analysis is performed through a computer program, which allows the simulation of cycles with different operational conditions, obtaining this way a series of results that permits to know the way these cycles behave in effecting temperature and pressure changes; besides of being an excellent tool in thermodynamics for the user. The simulators were performed in Borland C++ and Builder C++ Versions 4.5 and 2.0 respectively, creating in this way a friendly ambient for the user. This tool offers the opportunity to all its users the ability to simulate combined cycles in a fast and easy way in order to obtain a wider understanding of its thermodynamic behavior. [Espanol] En el presente trabajo se muestra el analisis termico de un ciclo combinado con turbinas de gas y de vapor con un nivel de vaporizacion. El analisis se realiza a traves de un programa de computo, el cual permite simular los ciclos con diferentes condiciones de operacion, obteniendo con esto una serie de resultados que permiten conocer la forma en que trabajan estos ciclos al realizar cambios en temperaturas y presiones; ademas de que es una excelente herramienta para el usuario en termodinamica. Los simuladores fueron realizados en Borland C++ y Builder C++ Versiones 4.5 y 2.0 respectivamente, creandose asi un ambiente amigable para el usuario. Esta herramienta brinda la oportunidad a todos los usuarios de poder simular ciclos combinados de una manera rapida y sencilla con el fin de obtener una comprension mas amplia de su comportamiento termodinamico.

  7. Combined cycle simulator with gas turbine and steam turbine with one vaporization stage; Simulador de ciclo combinado con turbina de gas y de vapor con un nivel de vaporizacion

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Del Valle Cardenas, B; Lugo Leyte, R [Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Depto de Ingenieria de Procesos e Hidraulica, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico); Toledo Velazquez, Miguel; Tolentino Eslava, G [Seccion de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigacion, Laboratorio de Ingenieria Termica e Hidraulica Aplicada, ESIME-IPN-COFFA, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

    1999-12-31

    This paper shows the thermal analysis of a combined cycle with gas and steam turbines with one vaporization stage. The analysis is performed through a computer program, which allows the simulation of cycles with different operational conditions, obtaining this way a series of results that permits to know the way these cycles behave in effecting temperature and pressure changes; besides of being an excellent tool in thermodynamics for the user. The simulators were performed in Borland C++ and Builder C++ Versions 4.5 and 2.0 respectively, creating in this way a friendly ambient for the user. This tool offers the opportunity to all its users the ability to simulate combined cycles in a fast and easy way in order to obtain a wider understanding of its thermodynamic behavior. [Espanol] En el presente trabajo se muestra el analisis termico de un ciclo combinado con turbinas de gas y de vapor con un nivel de vaporizacion. El analisis se realiza a traves de un programa de computo, el cual permite simular los ciclos con diferentes condiciones de operacion, obteniendo con esto una serie de resultados que permiten conocer la forma en que trabajan estos ciclos al realizar cambios en temperaturas y presiones; ademas de que es una excelente herramienta para el usuario en termodinamica. Los simuladores fueron realizados en Borland C++ y Builder C++ Versiones 4.5 y 2.0 respectivamente, creandose asi un ambiente amigable para el usuario. Esta herramienta brinda la oportunidad a todos los usuarios de poder simular ciclos combinados de una manera rapida y sencilla con el fin de obtener una comprension mas amplia de su comportamiento termodinamico.

  8. Cervical disc arthroplasty: Pros and cons.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Moatz, Bradley; Tortolani, P Justin

    2012-01-01

    Cervical disc arthroplasty has emerged as a promising potential alternative to anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) in appropriately selected patients. Despite a history of excellent outcomes after ACDF, the question as to whether a fusion leads to adjacent segment degeneration remains unanswered. Numerous US investigational device exemption trials comparing cervical arthroplasty to fusion have been conducted to answer this question. This study reviews the current research regarding cervical athroplasty, and emphasizes both the pros and cons of arthroplasty as compared with ACDF. Early clinical outcomes show that cervical arthroplasty is as effective as the standard ACDF. However, this new technology is also associated with an expanding list of novel complications. Although there is no definitive evidence that cervical disc replacement reduces the incidence of adjacent segment degeneration, it does show other advantages; for example, faster return to work, and reduced need for postoperative bracing.

  9. Resultados de un programa de ejercicio físico combinado con electroestimulación neuromuscular en pacientes en hemodiálisis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Anna Junque Jiménez

    Full Text Available Los pacientes en hemodiálisis presentan una importante disminución de la condición física y la capacidad funcional. Ampliamente son conocidos los numerosos beneficios del ejercicio físico en los pacientes con insuficiencia renal en éstos aspectos. Hasta la fecha, existe mínima experiencia con la electroestimulación neuromuscular en los pacientes en hemodiálisis. Objetivos: 1. Analizar el efecto de un programa de entrenamiento físico intradiálisis combinado con electroestimulación neuromuscular sobre la fuerza muscular y la capacidad funcional en nuestros pacientes en hemodiálisis. 2. Analizar la seguridad, eficacia y tolerancia de la electroestimulación neuromuscular en nuestros pacientes en hemodiálisis. Métodos: Los pacientes en hemodiálisis realizaron un programa completo de entrenamiento físico mediante balones medicinales, pesas, bandas elásticas y cicloergómetros combinado con electroestimulación neuromuscular en las primeras dos horas de hemodiálisis durante 12 semanas en un estudio prospectivo unicéntrico. La electroestimulación se realizó en ambos cuádriceps usando el Compex® Theta 500i. Principales datos analizados: 1. Fuerza extensión máxima cuádriceps (FEMQ y "handgrip" brazo dominante (HG. 2. Test funcionales:"Sit to stand to sit" (STS10 y "six-minutes walking test" (6MWT. 3. Escala Visual Analógica (EVA y cuestionario propio de electroestimulación neuromuscular (QE. Resultados: 11 pacientes incluidos (55% mujeres. Edad media 67.6 años y 62.3 meses en hemodiálisis. Se observó una mejoría significativa (*p<0.05 en la FEMQ*(13.7±8.1 vs 16.2±10.9kg, HG*(23.8±15.9 vs 25.1±15.9kg, STS10*(24.6±13.4 vs 20.1±10.1 seg y 6MWT*(21%,332.6 vs 402.7 m. No observamos dolor muscular, rampas, hormigueos o calambres musculares relevantes en el cuestionario propio de electroestimulación. El grado medio de satisfacción (EVA fue 9.4 puntos. Conclusiones: 1. El programa de entrenamiento físico intradi

  10. Performance study of a combined cycle power plant with integral gasification; Estudio del desempeno de una planta de potencia de ciclo combinado con gasificacion integral

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Gonzalez Rocha, Jose Clemente

    2007-04-15

    con alto valor agregado, como la gasolina, turbosina o diesel, entre otros. Con la nueva reconfiguracion de las refineria mexicanas de Cd. Madero y Cadereyta y proximamente la terminacion de la reconfiguracion de la refineria de Minatitlan, Veracruz, grandes cantidades de coque se estaran produciendo, con la posibilidad de usarlo mediante la tecnologia de gasificacion para producir un gas sintetico limpio (gasl) con caracteristicas energeticas apropiadas para utilizarse como combustible en un ciclo combinado existente en Mexico. En Mexico se han estimado las posibilidades de generacion de energia electrica a partir del uso del coque de petroleo utilizado la tecnologia de gasificacion o usando generadores de vapor de lecho fluidizado, como es el caso de las planta de potencia TEG en Taquin, San Luis Potosi. Tal es el hecho, que actualmente PEMEX refinacion, tiene terminado el proyecto para construir en Tuxpan, Veracruz una refineria procesadora de crudo Maya con un alto contenido de azufre y junto a la termoelectrica de Tuxpan, contemplandose la posibilidad de aplicar el concepto de ciclo combinado con gasificacion integrada (CCGI); con esta infraestructura sera posible consumir el coque generado por las refinerias mexicanas. La generacion electrica esperada es de 500 MW, de los cuales 100 MW seran para consumo propio de la refineria y 400 MW libres para cubrir la demanda de energia electrica de la zona noreste y centro del pais. El coque de petroleo derivado de las refinerias del pais puede ser utilizado para la generacion limpia de electricidad mediante su gasificacion e integracion a una planta de ciclo combinado existente. La ubicacion estrategia del ciclo combinado Tula, el cual se encuentra adyacente a la refineria Miguel Hidalgo presenta la oportunidad de aplicar la tecnologia de gasificacion como una alternativa viable: primeramente, para la utilizacion de coque de petroleo que actualmente se esta produciendo en las refinerias de Mexico o la utilizacion del

  11. Magnetoterapia para alivio del dolor por artrosis cervical Magnetotherapy for the pain relief due to cervical arthrosis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Martha María Niubó Elías

    Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio de casos y controles de 40 pacientes con artrosis cervical atendidos en el Servicio de Rehabilitación Integral del Hospital Provincial Docente "Dr. Joaquín Castillo Duany" de Santiago de Cuba, desde agosto hasta diciembre del 2008, a fin de evaluar la efectividad de la magnetoterapia para aliviar el dolor.Los integrantes de la casuística fueron asignados a uno de 2 grupos: los tratados con campo magnético de baja frecuencia e intensidad, combinado con el tratamiento convencional (grupo de estudio y los que recibieron tratamiento convencional (grupo control. Los resultados obtenidos evidenciaron que la terapia combinada fue más efectiva, lo cual se logró con 10 sesiones de tratamiento.A case-control study was conducted in 40 patients with cervical arthrosis attended at the Service of Comprehensive Rehabilitation from "Dr. Joaquín Castillo Duany" Provincial Teaching Hospital of Santiago de Cuba, from August to December, 2008, with the purpose of evaluating the effectiveness of the magnetotherapy to alleviate the pain. Patients of the case material were divided into 2 groups: those treated with low frequency and intensity magnetic field combined with conventional treatment (study group and those that received conventional treatment (control group. The obtained results showed that the combined therapy was more effective, which was achieved with 10 sessions of treatment.

  12. Efectos del ejercicio aeróbico interválico, combinado con entrenamiento de fuerza y de la restricción calórica, sobre la composición corporal de ratas obesas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    I. Coll-Risco

    2017-03-01

    Conclusiones: Tanto el programa de ejercicio aeróbico interválico, combinado con entrenamiento de fuerza desarrollado, como la restricción calórica, fueron eficaces, mejorando la composición corporal de ratas obesas, pero el ejercicio lo hizo en mayor magnitud.

  13. Technical and environmental aspects of combined cycle power stations with integrated gasification (CCGI); Aspectos tecnicos y medioambientales de las centrales de ciclo combinado con gasificacion integrada (CCGI)

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Beltran Mora, Hector Alejandro; Urias Romero, Francisco [Facultad de Ingenieria, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D.F. (Mexico)

    2004-06-15

    A description is presented of the operation of the Combined Cycle Power Stations with Integrated Gasification (CCGI) where the use of solid fuels (coal, vacuum residues, petroleum coke, and biomass) or liquids is possible in a thermal power station with the efficiency and many of the own environmental benefits of the combined cycles. The gasification process is analyzed, that is a thermo-chemical process by means of which a fuel that is in solid state or liquid becomes to the gaseous state by means of a partial oxidation and the obtained gas of this process is called synthesis gas (syngas, by its abbreviations in English) that is used in Combined Cycle Power Stations as a substitute for the natural gas. Also the other components of this type of power stations are shown, such as the air separating unit, and some of the modifications that are due to make to adapt a gas turbine so that it uses syngas, and the considerations of their integration with the air separating unit to optimize the operation of the plant are detailed. A comparison of efficiency values of power stations CCGI with the conventional carbon-electric and the power stations of combined cycle that use natural gas is also shown. Finally the emissions of pollutants of SO{sub 2}, NO{sub x} and CO{sub 2} are analyzed. The possibility of using fuels like petroleum coke and vacuum tower residues that are produced in the Cadereyta refinery is studied for the possible construction of a CCGI power station in Mexico. [Spanish] Se presenta la descripcion del funcionamiento de las centrales ciclo combinado con gasificacion integrada (CCGI) donde es posible el uso de combustibles solidos (carbon, residuos de vacio, coque de petroleo, biomasa) o liquidos en una central termica con la eficiencia y muchos de los beneficios ambientales propios de los ciclos combinados. Se analiza el proceso de gasificacion, que es un proceso termoquimico mediante el cual se convierte un combustible que se encuentra en estado solido o

  14. Concepto de padres combinados

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José de Jesús Gonzáles Núñez

    Full Text Available En el presente artículo se presenta el concepto de padres combinados que se refiere a la percepción indiferenciada del bebé acerca del coito parental, en donde el niño percibe que el padre está contenido en la madre, por lo que no reconoce las funciones y atributos del padre, ya que pertenecen a la madre. Se distingue la ubicación teórica del concepto que corresponde a la fase esquizoparanoide de Melanie Klein, los mecanismos de defensa utilizados, así como las manifestaciones clínicas. Se expone un caso que muestra que la persona que posee la fantasía de padres combinados manifiesta una percepción parcial de los objetos, así como una gran falla en la diferenciación de los mismos, que crea la fantasía en la persona de que él mismo los reúne y los combina, situación que le resulta angustiosa, experimentando envidia y anhelo hacia los padres combinados, así como temor a la retaliación por haber dirigido hacia ellos sus impulsos sádicos.

  15. Linfangioma cervical: manejo terapéutico con OK-432 (Picibanil Cervical lymphangioma: therapeutic management with OK-432 (Picibanil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    E. Valle Rodríguez

    2007-12-01

    Full Text Available Introducción: El linfangioma es una malformación del sistema linfático. El abordaje clásico ha sido la cirugía. El OK-432 (Picibanil tiene acción esclerosante y se está utilizando cómo primer escalón terapéutico. El objetivo es aportar un nuevo caso de linfangioma tratado con OK-432 y hacer una revisión de la literatura. Material y método: Aportamos un varón de 16 años con un linfangioma cervical macroquístico de 10 x 6 cm tratado con una dosis de OK-432. Resultados: A las 16 semanas del tratamiento, el tamaño del linfangioma era de 6 x 2 cm, siendo clínicamente inapreciable. Discusión: El tratamiento con OK-432 tiene una alta tasa de curación, con una baja tasa de recidiva y una fibrosis circunscrita a la lesión. En relación con la cirugía, se evitan cicatrices y posibles lesiones de estructuras vitales.Introduction: Lymphangioma is a malformation of the lymphatic system. The classic approach is surgery. OK-432 (Picibanil has sclerosing action and is being used as the first therapeutic step. The objective was to report a new case of lymphangioma treated with OK-432 and to review the literature. Material and method: We report the case of a 16-year-old man with a 10x6-cm macrocystic cervical lymphangioma treated with a dose of OK-432. Results: At 16 weeks of treatment, the size of the lymphangioma was 6x2 cm and it was clinically unappreciable. Discussion: OK-432 treatment has a high cure rate, low recurrence rate, and fibrosis circumscribed to the lesion. Compared to surgery, scars and possible harm to vital structures are avoided.

  16. Combined cycles, impacts of technological requirements; Ciclos combinados, impactos de requerimientos tecnologicos

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Gonzalez Santalo, Jose Miguel [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Temixco, Morelos (Mexico)

    1999-07-01

    The fundamental growth of the Mexican electrical sector for the next ten years is planned on base of the installation of 20 thousand Mw plants of combined cycle. This article presents an analysis of the impact of these power stations finding out that the power stations of combined cycle are at the moment cheaper - from 600 to 700 dollars by installed kW- than the alternative coal options or fuel oil, that are in the range of 900 to 1200 dollars per kW, in addition to which the time required for their construction is shorter. [Spanish] El crecimiento fundamental del sector electrico mexicano para los proximos diez anos esta planeado con base en la instalacion de 20 mil Mw de plantas de ciclo combinado. Este articulo presenta un analisis del impacto de dichas centrales encontrando que las centrales de ciclo combinado actualmente resultan mas baratas - de 600 a 700 dolares por kW instalado - que las opciones alternativas de carbon o combustoleo que estan en el rango de 900 a 1200 dolares por kW, ademas de que los tiempos requeridos para su construccion son menores.

  17. Avaliação do tipo de diamante de benzel em pacientes portadores de mielopatia cervical Evaluación del tipo de diamante de benzel en pacientes con mielopatia cervical Evaluation of the type of benzel's diamond in patients with cervical myelopathy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rodrigo Rezende

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Difundir o método de Benzel para aferição da angulação cervical e quantificar a prevalência de cada tipo de diamante de Benzel em 30 pacientes portadores de mielopatia cervical com indicação cirúrgica. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo de pacientes portadores de mielopatia cervical submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico. Foram analisadas radiografias em perfil da coluna cervical onde se aferiram os tipos diamante de Benzel usando técnicas descritas pelo próprio Benzel. Excluímos do estudo aqueles pacientes que desenvolveram a doença após traumas, que foram submetidos reoperações ou aqueles que não forneceram radiografias em perfil adequadas para aferição. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 30 pacientes, sendo 25 deles do sexo masculino, com idade entre 30 e 74 anos (média de 52,4 anos. Após a realização das medidas foram encontrados 24 pacientes com diamantes do tipo A (80%, 2 do tipo B (6,7% e 4 tipo C (13,3%. CONCLUSÃO: O diamante de Benzel tipo "A" foi encontrado em 80% dos pacientes portadores de mielopatia cervical no período pré-operatório.OBJETIVO: Difundir el método de Benzel para la medición del ángulo cervical y cuantificar la prevalencia de cada tipo de diamante Benzel en 30 pacientes portadores de mielopatía cervical con indicación quirúrgica. MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo de los pacientes con mielopatía cervical sometidos a tratamiento quirúrgico. Se analizaron las radiografías de perfil de la columna cervical, donde se midieron los tipos de diamante utilizando las técnicas descritas por el mismo Benzel. Se excluyeron del estudio los pacientes que desarrollaron la enfermedad después de trauma, que fueron sometidos a reoperaciones o los que no han presentado adecuadas radiografías de perfil para la medición. RESULTADOS: Se evaluaron 30 pacientes entre los cuales 25 eran del sexo masculino, con edades comprendidas entre 30 y 74 años (promedio de 52,4 años. Después de la realización de las

  18. Manejo de las adolescentes con neoplasia intraepitelial cervical

    OpenAIRE

    Martínez Chang, Ysis Margarita; Sarduy Nápoles, Miguel

    2006-01-01

    Se realizó un estudio descriptivo en pacientes adolescentes que acudieron a la consulta de patología de cuello del Hospital “Ramón González Coro” en el período comprendido de enero de 2003 a mayo de 2005. El número de pacientes atendidas ascendió a 144 y de ellas 32 presentaron neoplasia intraepitelial cervical. El grupo de edades más frecuente resultó el comprendido entre 17 y 18 años, con una frecuencia referida entre 2 y 3 parejas sexuales. La infección de transmisión sexual más común fue ...

  19. Avaliação retrospectiva de artrodese cervical com enxerto autólogo versus hidroxiapatita Estudio retrospectivo de la artrodesis cervical con autoinjerto versus hidroxiapatita Retrospective study of cervical arthrodesis with autograft versus hydroxyapatite graft

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yoshinobu Nagasse

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: os autores realizaram um estudo e compararam o resultado radiográfico no uso de hidroxiapatita e enxerto de crista ilíaca (autólogo no tratamento cirúrgico de hérnia discal cervical em um nível, sendo realizada artrodese cervical anterior com placa. MÉTODOS: foi realizado estudo retrospectivo com pacientes submetidos à artrodese cervical comparando-se dois grupos de dez pacientes: um em que foi utilizado enxerto de hidroxiapatita e outro em que foi utilizado enxerto de crista ilíaca (autólogo. Radiografias pós-operatórias foram mensuradas e comparadas, à busca de perdas de alinhamento angular. RESULTADOS: os dois tipos de enxerto demonstraram manter alinhamento em taxas similares, sendo observada consolidação óssea em todos os pacientes. O estudo não mostrou fragmentação do enxerto de hidroxiapatita ou soltura do material de síntese. CONCLUSÃO: nesta pequena série de casos não foi observada diferença significativa entre os resultados da artrodese cervical anterior com enxerto de hidroxiapatita em relação ao enxerto autólogo de ilíaco.OBJETIVOS: los autores realizaram un estudio y compararon el resultado radiográfico en el uso del hidroxiapatita y injerto de cresta ilíaca (autólogo, en el tratamiento quirúrgico de hernia discal cervical en un nivel, siendo realizada artrodesis cervical anterior con placa. MÉTODOS: fue realizado un estudio retrospectivo con pacientes, que habían sido sometidos a la artrodesis cervical con injerto de hidroxiapatita o injerto de cresta iliaca b.z autologa. Las radiografías postoperatorias habían sido mensuradas y comparadas, buscando para las pérdidas de alineación angular. RESULTADOS: los dos tipos de injerto habían demostrado manutención de alineación similares, donde la consolidación fue observada en todos los pacientes. El estudio no demostró la fragmentación del injerto de hidroxiapatita o de soltar el material de síntesis. CONCLUSIÓN: en esta peque

  20. Láser helio-neón combinado con clorhexidina al 0,2 %.: Efectos clínicos y microbiológicos en el tratamiento de la gingivitis crónica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tatiana Peña Ruiz

    Full Text Available La gingivitis crónica constituye una de las formas más frecuentes de enfermedad periodontal, caracterizada por la inflamación crónica de la encías, tumefacción, enrojecimiento y sangramiento. Su principal factor de riesgo lo constituye la microbiota del surco gingival, que resulta necesario, pero no suficiente para desencadenarla. Se realizó un ensayo clínico-terapéutico fase II, controlado, aleatorizado y a simple ciegas, para evaluar los efectos clínicos y microbiológicos del tratamiento combinado de la radiación láser helio-neón (He-Ne con la clorhexidina al 0,2 %. Todos los pacientes recibieron tratamiento inicial; al mes de finalizado este, se distribuyeron aleatoriamente en 2 grupos: un grupo estudio que recibió la combinación láser-neón y clorhexidina al 0,2 % y otro grupo control que solo recibió clorhexidina al 0,2 %. Se realizó una evaluación a los 15, 30 y 45 días, con criterios de eficacia clínicos y microbiológicos. Los resultados clínicos fueron satisfactorios en el grupo estudio con predominio de los morfotipos I, caracterizados por cocos gramnegativos y positivos, compatibles con un periodonto sano. Los eventos adversos detectados con esta terapéutica fueron mínimos, todos relacionados con la somnolencia.

  1. Tularemia con afectación faríngea y ganglionar cervical

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María Martín-Bailón

    2018-05-01

    Full Text Available Introducción: La tularemia es una zoonosis producida por la bacteria Francisella tularensis, la cual se encuentra principalmente en conejos y otros animales y a veces libre en el suelo o en aguas contaminadas. Se trasmite fundamentalmente a través de la picadura de garrapata aunque también puede adquirirse por contacto directo con productos animales, agua o alimentos contaminados o por aerosolización de las bacterias. En áreas geográficas con alto porcentaje de población rural en contacto con animales sigue siendo una enfermedad a tener en cuenta en el diagnóstico diferencial de síndromes adenopáticos.Caso clínico: Varón de 45 años sin antecedentes de interés que acude a Urgencias por odinofagia derecha sin fiebre y aparición de tumoración laterocervical derecha. En la exploración se objetiva ulceración y varias aftas a nivel de amígdala derecha, así como adenopatía cervical en nivel II derecho de unos 5 cm de tamaño; analítica de sangre dentro de la normalidad. Se instaura tratamiento con amoxicilina-clavulánico y antiinflamatorios, pero a los pocos días el paciente consulta de nuevo por ausencia de mejoría. Se solicita TC de cuello con contraste que muestra adenopatía abscesificada en área II derecha de 3 cm de tamaño. Serología para tularemia positiva. Se instaura tratamiento con Levofloxacino intravenoso durante 5 días y posteriormente oral durante 10 días más, con buena respuesta. Revisión del paciente a los 3 meses, estando asintomático, con negativización de la serología y desaparición de la adenopatía cervical.Discusión: Se distinguen siete formas clínicas de tularemia, siendo la ulceroganglionar responsable del 75% de los casos: consiste en  la aparición de una lesión típica cutánea o mucosa  y adenopatías mayores de 1 cm. Es frecuente la abscesificación de estas adenopatías, pudiendo fistulizar al exterior de forma espontánea. En un 25 % de los pacientes aparece una forma orofar

  2. Variantes del Papilomavirus Humano 16 y su asociación con el HLA en cáncer cervical Variants of Human Papillomavirus 16 and its association with HLA in cervical cancer

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jehidys Montiel Ramos

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available El cáncer cervical es el segundo cáncer más común en mujeres en el mundo y es el principal cáncer en mujeres en países en desarrollo. La infección persistente por los genotipos oncogénicos del Virus del Papiloma Humano (VPH es la causa necesaria para el desarrollo del cáncer cervical, siendo el VPH-16 el genotipo responsable del 50-60% de los casos. Las variantes No Europeas del VPH-16 han sido asociadas con infección persistente, lesiones de alto grado y cáncer. Los polimorfismos del Antígeno Leucocitario Humano (HLA están también asociados con la susceptibilidad al cáncer cervical y se ha postulado una relación entre variantes del VPH y ciertos alelos del HLA. La presente revisión hace referencia a la relación entre los polimorfismos de HLA y el desarrollo de cáncer cervical y la evidencia que documenta la interrelación de este factor con la variabilidad del VPH-16. Salud UIS 2010; 42: 272-280Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women worldwide and the most frequent cancer in women of the majority of developing countries. Persistent infection with Human Papillomavirus (HPV oncogenic types of HPV is necessary to develop cervical, cancer, with HPV-16 responsible for 50-60% of cases. Non-European variants of HPV-16 have been associated with persistant infection and high degree cervical cancer. Human Leucocyte Antigen (HLA polymorphisms are also associated with susceptibility to cervical cancer. It has been suggested relationship between HPV-16 variability and some HLA Alleles., This revision refers to the relation between HLA polymorphisms and cervical cancer development, and present evidence that may explain its relation with HPV-16 variability. Salud UIS 2010; 42: 272-280

  3. Resistencia a antimicrobianos y evaluación del tratamiento combinado en la septicemia neonatal

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María Espino Hernández

    2003-04-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Estudiar la resistencia a los antibióticos de las cepas bacterianas aisladas de pacientes con septicemia neonatal en un hospital ginecobstétrico de La Habana, Cuba, en el período comprendido entre enero de 1994 y diciembre de 1998, y evaluar el valor predictivo del método del "tablero de damas" (checkerboard para seleccionar el tratamiento con combinaciones de antibióticos en pacientes graves. MÉTODOS: Se estudió a 229 neonatos, a quienes se les extrajo sangre para hemocultivo y estudios de sensibilidad a antimicrobianos. El estudio de la susceptibilidad de las cepas se realizó por el método de microdilución en caldo y se utilizó el tablero de damas en bandejas de caldo para evaluar la eficacia del tratamiento antimicrobiano combinado. RESULTADOS: Cincuenta por ciento de las cepas aisladas de Staphylococcus spp. coagulasa-negativas y 37% de las cepas de S. aureus, principales agentes causales de sepsis neonatal, fueron resistentes a la meticilina. De ellas, 94,5% resultaron resistentes a varios antibióticos. Cuatro cepas de Staphylococcus spp. coagulasa-negativas y una de Enterococcus faecium fueron resistentes a la vancomicina (concentración mínima inhibidora = 128 myg/mL. Se observó una alta probabilidad de eficacia clínica (P < 0,01 con combinaciones de antibióticos que mostraron un efecto sinérgico in vitro, mientras que las reacciones antagónicas se correspondieron con la probabilidad altamente significativa de fracaso terapéutico clínico. DISCUSIÓN: La principal causa de septicemia neonatal en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital "América Arias" en La Habana, Cuba, está constituida por las cepas de estafilococo resistentes a la meticilina y a otros antibióticos. En pacientes graves (atendiendo a lo establecido en el programa de política de este centro, la primera línea de tratamiento la constituye la combinación de un antibiótico aminoglucósido con un betalactámico. Este estudio demostr

  4. Potencial evocado miogênico vestibular ocular e cervical simultâneo em indivíduos normais

    OpenAIRE

    Silva,Tatiana Rocha; Resende,Luciana Macedo de; Santos,Marco Aurélio Rocha

    2016-01-01

    RESUMO Objetivo: Caracterizar o registro e analisar os resultados do potencial evocado miogênico vestibular cervical e ocular combinado em indivíduos sem queixas auditivas e vestibulares. Métodos: Participaram da pesquisa 30 indivíduos sem queixa auditiva e com audição dentro dos padrões de normalidade. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio do potencial evocado miogênico vestibular cervical e ocular registrados simultaneamente. Resultados: Houve diferença entre as orelhas direita e esq...

  5. The use of absorption refrigeration systems in combined cycle power plants; Empleo de sistemas de refrigeracion por absorcion en plantas de ciclo combinado

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Romero Paredes, H.; Ambriz, J.J.; Vargas, M.; Godinez, M.; Gomez, F.; Valdez, L.; Pantoja, G. [Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Departamento de Ingenieria de Procesos e Hidraulica, Mexico D. F. (Mexico)

    1995-12-31

    Day after day the electric power generation tends to be done in the most efficient way in order to diminish the generation costs and the rate of environmental pollution per KWh generated. This paper discusses the application of absorption refrigeration systems for the cooling of the air entering the compressor of a gas turbine in a combined cycle, in order to increase the mass air flow and with it the turbine output. The flows with remanent energy content that are not used in a combined cycle can be used for the operation of the absorption refrigeration system. This way, the required thermal energy for the cooling system is free. With this system it is possible to raise the gas turbine generation output from 5% to 25%. [Espanol] La generacion electrica dia con dia pretende realizarse de la manera mas eficiente posible con el objeto de disminuir los costos de generacion y la tasa de contaminacion ambiental por Kwh generado. En el presente trabajo se introduce la aplicacion de sistemas de refrigeracion por absorcion para el enfriamiento del aire de entrada al compresor de la turbina de gas de un ciclo combinado, con el objeto de aumentar el flujo masico del aire y con ello la potencia de salida de la turbina. Las corrientes con contenido remanente de energia termica que no se usan en una planta de ciclo combinado pueden servir para operar el sistema de refrigeracion por absorcion. De esta manera, la energia termica requerida para el sistema de enfriamiento es gratuita. Con este sistema es posible incrementar la potencia de generacion de la turbina de gas de 5 a 25%.

  6. The use of absorption refrigeration systems in combined cycle power plants; Empleo de sistemas de refrigeracion por absorcion en plantas de ciclo combinado

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Romero Paredes, H; Ambriz, J J; Vargas, M; Godinez, M; Gomez, F; Valdez, L; Pantoja, G [Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Departamento de Ingenieria de Procesos e Hidraulica, Mexico D. F. (Mexico)

    1996-12-31

    Day after day the electric power generation tends to be done in the most efficient way in order to diminish the generation costs and the rate of environmental pollution per KWh generated. This paper discusses the application of absorption refrigeration systems for the cooling of the air entering the compressor of a gas turbine in a combined cycle, in order to increase the mass air flow and with it the turbine output. The flows with remanent energy content that are not used in a combined cycle can be used for the operation of the absorption refrigeration system. This way, the required thermal energy for the cooling system is free. With this system it is possible to raise the gas turbine generation output from 5% to 25%. [Espanol] La generacion electrica dia con dia pretende realizarse de la manera mas eficiente posible con el objeto de disminuir los costos de generacion y la tasa de contaminacion ambiental por Kwh generado. En el presente trabajo se introduce la aplicacion de sistemas de refrigeracion por absorcion para el enfriamiento del aire de entrada al compresor de la turbina de gas de un ciclo combinado, con el objeto de aumentar el flujo masico del aire y con ello la potencia de salida de la turbina. Las corrientes con contenido remanente de energia termica que no se usan en una planta de ciclo combinado pueden servir para operar el sistema de refrigeracion por absorcion. De esta manera, la energia termica requerida para el sistema de enfriamiento es gratuita. Con este sistema es posible incrementar la potencia de generacion de la turbina de gas de 5 a 25%.

  7. Trece tratamientos de la insuficiencia renal aguda secundaria a mieloma múltiple con filtros de high cut off

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Berni Wennekers

    2016-07-01

    Conclusiones: El tratamiento combinado con quimioterapia más diálisis largas con filtros de HCO resultó eficaz para reducir el nivel de CLLs y recuperar un nivel de función renal suficiente en el 77% de los casos. Con filtros de HCO se consigue un ahorro significativo, en contraposición a lo descrito previamente en la literatura.

  8. Abordaje combinado cervical y torácico para casos selectos de bocio retroesternal

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Julio Cesar Vasquez Kobashigawa

    2007-07-01

    Full Text Available Se presentan dos casos de bocio retroesternal que fueron resecados a través de incisión cervical y esternotomía mediana. Se discuten las alternativas para el abordaje quirúrgico y se hace una revisión de la literatura. (Rev Med Hered 2007;18:173-177.

  9. Trastorno Somatosensorial en niños con Trastornos por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad.

    OpenAIRE

    Romero Ayuso, Dulce María

    2016-01-01

    Introducción: El estudio de los trastornos por déficit de atención (ADHD) se ha centrado en la falta de control inhibitorio como déficit primario, aunque su fisiopatología también se ha relacionado con la corteza somatosensorial. El objetivo de este trabajo fue conocer si existe un trastorno para la discriminación sensorial táctil y praxis en los niños con ADHD y si éste es similar en los subtipos inatento (ADHD-I) y combinado (ADHD-C). Método: los participantes fueron 74 niños entre 7 y 11 a...

  10. Morteros acumuladores con parafinas microencapsuladas para el aprovechamiento de la energía solar en suelos radiantes

    OpenAIRE

    Zetola Vargas, Vicente Andrés

    2013-01-01

    Esta Tesis plantea la pregunta de si el uso de morteros con parafinas microencapsuladas combinado con colectores solares térmicos puede reducir el consumo de energías convencionales, en un sistema tradicional de suelo radiante. Se pretende contribuir al conocimiento acerca del efecto que produce en el edificio, el calor latente acumulado en suelos radiantes, utilizando morteros de cemento Portland con material de cambio de fase (PCM), en conjunto con la energía solar. Para cumplir con este pr...

  11. Detección del virus de papiloma humano en muestras de pacientes con ectropión cervical

    OpenAIRE

    De Guglielmo, Zoraya; Ávila, Maira; Mora, Adriana; Meléndez, Marianna; Correnti, María

    2013-01-01

    Objetivo: Detección subclínica del virus de papiloma humano en muestras de pacientes diagnosticadas con ectropión cervical, para evaluar la prevalencia de la infección viral asociada a dicha condición. Métodos: El ADN fue extraído utilizando solventes orgánicos (fenol/cloroformo-alcohol isoamílico). La detección del virus de papiloma humano se realizó mediante PCR con iniciadores genéricos MY09/MY11 y para la tipificación de las muestras positivas se utilizó un kit comercial de PCR múltiple. ...

  12. Empleo del método de secado convectivo combinado para la deshidratación de papaya (Carica papaya L.), variedad Maradol roja

    OpenAIRE

    Sahylin Muñiz Becerá; Antihus Hernández Gómez; Annia García Pereira; Lilia Méndez Lagunas

    2013-01-01

    La presente investigación tiene como objetivo evaluar el método de secado convectivo de papaya (Carica papaya L.) variedad Maradol roja, combinado con la aplicación de pretratamientos de osmosis (DOSC) y escaldado simple (ESSC), mediante el efecto de los factores tecnológi- cos del secador: temperatura (40 y 60oC) y velocidad del flujo de aire (2,5 y 1,5 m/s) sobre el comportamiento de las propiedades de calidad de la fruta deshidratada y la cinética del proceso. El pretratamiento de escaldad...

  13. Crecimiento de Casuarina equisetifolia (Casuarinaceae en suelo con diésel, y aplicación de bioestimulación y bioaumentación

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María Esther Díaz-Martínez

    2013-09-01

    Full Text Available La fitorremediación es una biotecnología ecológicamente racional que está dirigida a la limpieza de suelos contaminados; sin embargo, el estudio de especies arbóreas para la fitorremediación de suelos con hidrocarburos del petróleo es limitado. Más aún, la combinación de la fitorremediación con procesos de bioaumentación y bioestimulación es también limitada. Por lo anterior, este estudio evaluó el efecto de la inoculación de Glomus intraradices, un consorcio bacteriano (M2BOS1-R2 y M2BOSI-F4 y Trichoderma viride en el crecimiento de plantas de Casuarina equisetifolia L. fertilizadas con Floranid® o Triple 17, en suelo contaminado con diésel (7 500mg/kg. El experimento factorial 2x5x3 incluyó 30 tratamientos y 10 repeticiones, distribuidos completamente al azar en invernadero, durante 120 días. El diésel disminuyó significativamente la altura, la biomasa total y el índice de calidad (ICP de planta. Glomus o las bacterias aumentaron significativamente la altura, la biomasa seca total y el ICP con respecto al tratamiento sin inocular o con la triple inoculación. El Floranid redujo el crecimiento vegetal y el ICP, en presencia de diésel. El Triple 17 combinado con los tres microorganismos produjo mayor crecimiento vegetal en ausencia de contaminación, pero en presencia de diésel, el Triple 17 combinado con bacterias o con Trichoderma, estimuló la biomasa seca total y el ICP. La colonización micorrízica fue inhibida por el diesel, especialmente con la fertilización del Floranid. El Triple 17 (bioestimulación combinado con los microorganismos (bioaumentación, favoreció el crecimiento de Casuarina en suelo contaminado con diésel.

  14. Tratamiento de cervicitis con el extracto etanolico del Piper Elongatum "Matico" en mujeres en edad fértil. Centro de Salus Los Licenciados. Diciembre 2010- Julio 2011

    OpenAIRE

    Rodríguez Lizana, Maritza

    2014-01-01

    Demostrar el efecto del Piper elongatum (Matico) en el tratamiento de la cervicitis en mujeres en edad fértil atendidas en el Centro de Salud "Los Licenciados", durante el periodo diciembre 2010 a julio 2011. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: El tipo de estudio fue experimental. Con una población de 300 mujeres en edad fértil que acuden al Centro de Salud Los Licenciados en el periodo de diciembre del 2010 a julio del 2011 y la muestra fue de 50 mujeres en edad fértil con diagnóstico de cervicitis aguda ...

  15. Reconstrucción cervical tras resección de neurofibroma solitario gigante con colgajo anterolateral de muslo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mauricio Mendieta-Espinosa

    Full Text Available Los tumores de cabeza y cuello son un grupo heterogéneo; los neurofibromas pueden originarse de cualquier nervio independientemente de su localización, incluyendo nervios periféricos o intracraneales y se dividen en 4 tipos. Los solitarios son tumores confinados, espontáneos y prácticamente sin ninguna manifestación. Anatómicamente, los neurofibromas del cuello son relativamente raros, con un crecimiento lento e indoloro. Presentamos el caso de un paciente varón de 41 años de edad, remitido a nuestra consulta por presentar neurofibroma solitario gigante en la base del lado izquierdo del cuello, de 10 cm de diámetro, con zona central ulcerada y sangrados intermitentes, adherido a planos profundos, de 30 años de evolución y que había sido tratado en 3 ocasiones con resecciones parciales y cubertura con colgajo acromial. Practicamos resección completa de la tumoración y reconstrucción inmediata con colgajo anterolateral de muslo, logrando la mejoría estético-funcional de la zona cervical y sin complicaciones.

  16. Avaliação da lordose da coluna cervical nos pacientes com escoliose do tipo Lenke I submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico Evaluación de la lordosis de la columna cervical en los pacientes con escoliosis del tipo Lenke I sometidos al tratamiento quirúrgico Evaluation of cervical behavior in patients with scoliosis Lenke who underwent surgery

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Lucas Batista Junior

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar a angulação da lordose cervical nos pacientes portadores de Escoliose Idiopática do Adolescente (EIA do tipo Lenke I, no período pré- e pós-operatório. MÉTODO: Estudo prospectivo e descritivo em que foram avaliados pacientes com EIA, sendo documentadas medidas antropométricas. Foram avaliadas as angulações das radiografias (posição ortostática em perfil cervical de C3 a C7 no período pré- e pós-operatório, estabelecendo como normal a lordose cervical entre 10 e 30 graus. RESULTADOS: Participaram 26 pacientes com EIA, sendo a maioria do sexo feminino (73%, com média de idade de 14,3 anos. Observamos que no período pré-operatório 80,9% dos pacientes apresentavam angulação cervical não fisiológica, sendo que 42,3% dos pacientes apresentavam diminuição da lordose cervical (OBJETIVO: Evaluar el ángulo de la lordosis cervical en pacientes con Escoliosis Idiopática del Adolescente (EIA, clasificados en Lenke I en el pre y posoperatorio. MÉTODOS: Estudio prospectivo y descriptivo, en el que se evaluó a pacientes con EIA y se documentaron mediciones antropométricas. Se evaluó la angulación de las radiografías (posición ortostásica de perfil de columna cervical de C3 a C7, en el entorno de pre y posoperatorias, estableciéndose como normal la lordosis cervical entre 10 y 30 grados. RESULTADOS: Un total de 26 pacientes fue evaluado, en su mayoría mujeres (73% con edad promedio de 14,3 años. Observamos que, en el período preoperatorio, 80,9% de los pacientes presentaban angulación cervical no fisiológica, siendo que 42,3% de los pacientes habían reducido la lordosis cervical (OBJECTIVE: This study was to evaluate the angle of cervical lordosis in patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS ranked in Lenke I pre- and postoperatively. METHODS: Prospective and descriptive study, which evaluated patients with AIS and documented anthropometric measures. We assessed the angulations of the

  17. Efeito do treinamento combinado e aeróbio no controle glicêmico no diabetes tipo 2

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Antônio Renato Pereira Moro

    Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: O diabetes tipo 2 é um grupo heterogêneo de doença metabólica causada por uma disfunção na secreção da insulina e/ou ação desta. OBJETIVOS: Comparar o efeito de duas modalidades de treinamento, o combinado (aeróbio e resistido e o aeróbio, no controle glicêmico no diabetes tipo 2. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: A pesquisa caracteriza-se por ser um estudo quase-experimental. Após aprovação do CEP, com registro 09.071.4.08. III, deu-se início ao programa de treinamento combinado e aeróbio. Foram selecionados 24 participantes, de ambos os gêneros, sedentários, com média de idade de 60,41 ± 7,87. Os participantes foram divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos: treinamento combinado (n = 12 e treinamento aeróbio (n = 12; ambos foram avaliados no início e final do estudo. A concentração sérica de glicose foi determinada pelo sistema Vitros e a hemoglobina glicosilada foi determinada pelo método Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Performance. O treinamento foi realizado três vezes por semana, com duração total de 20 semanas. Os dados são expressos em média e desvio-padrão. Foi aplicado o teste t pareado (p < 0,05 para comparar a média basal e após 20 semanas de treinamento. RESULTADOS: A média da glicose em jejum do treinamento combinado reduziu significativamente, de 167,41 ± 38,13 para 119,83 ± 20,91, sendo que o mesmo ocorreu com o treinamento aeróbio de 189,83 ± 63,57 para 139,91 ± 34,04. Os valores da hemoglobina glicosilada no treinamento combinado e treinamento aeróbio reduziram significativamente, de 8,61 ± 1,17 para 7,25 ± 1,24 e de 9,52 ± 2,46 para 8,37 ± 1,50, respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: O treinamento combinado foi mais eficaz em relação à hemoglobina glicosilada e o treinamento aeróbio, na glicose plasmática.

  18. Déficit en Habilidades Sociales en Niños con Trastorno por Déficit de Atención- Hiperactividad, Evaluados con la Escala BASC

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    PEDRO PUENTES ROZO

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Se analizaron las Habilidades Sociales ( HS de 159 niños de ambos sexos, escolarizados, con Trastorno por Déficit de Atención-Hiperactividad ( TDAH , entre los 6 y los 11 años de edad. La valo - ración de las HS se realizó con la escala Behavioral Assessment System for Children para padres y maestros. Los resultados mostraron que los niños con TDAH presentan puntajes más bajos en las dimensiones de habilidades sociales como escu - char, esperar turnos, reconocer señales sociales y tener capacidad de adaptabilidad. Sin embargo, en compañerismo, los participantes con TDAH combinado poseen habilidades semejantes a los no afectados. Esto replantea lo encontrado en la mayoría de los estudios en donde únicamente se evidencian deficiencias.

  19. Validez de un modelo reducido de ítems del DSM-IV según respuesta de padres y profesores en el diagnóstico del Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad Combinado

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Antonio López-Villalobos

    2014-10-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Buscar un modelo reducido de síntomas del Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad subtipo Combinado (TDAH-C, que presente adecuada validez de criterio para su diagnóstico. Metodología: Contexto de estudio epidemiológico. Muestra de 1095 casos entre 6 y 16 años [4.38 % TDAH-C]. Selección de casos con primera fase psicométrica de sospecha TDAH-C que requiere que ADHD RS-IV, implementado por padres (PA y profesores (PR, supere el PC 90. Segunda fase: Los casos seleccionados se evalúan mediante entrevista clínica modelo DISC-IV (DSM-IV para confirmar TDAH-C. Se implementa regresión logística para buscar modelo parsimonioso de ítems que permita predecir TDAH-C. Resultados: El modelo de ítems que permite predecir TDAH-C contiene 8 de los 36 ítems del ADHD RS-IV contestados por PA y PR. Considerando las odds ratio del modelo de regresión logística, los ítems del ADHD RS-IV seleccionados son los siguientes 15PR, 1PA, 16PR, 12PA, 17PA, 10PA, 14PA y 4PR. El modelo presenta validez de criterio para TDAH-C clínico (sensibilidad: 97.9 %. Especificidad: 93.8%. Razón de verosimilitud: 16.02. Conclusiones: Es posible reducir la lista de síntomas de TDAH-C con buena validez de criterio, manteniendo los que proporcionan mayor discriminación entre TDAH-C y población general.

  20. Problema de Localización y Ruteo con Restricciones de Capacidad: Revisión de la Literatura

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    John Willmer Escobar

    2015-05-01

    Full Text Available En este artículo se hace una revisión exhaustiva del estado del arte de las metodologías de solución existentes para el problema combinado de localización y ruteo con restricciones de capacidad (CLRP. El problema de CLRP tiene una gran cantidad de aplicaciones prácticas en temas relacionados con transporte. Se ha propuesto el siguiente esquema de clasificación de acuerdo al método de solución: (1 Algoritmos Heurísticos Constructivos, (2 Algoritmos Heurísticos Basados en Clústeres, (3 Algoritmos Heurísticos Basados en Trayectoria, (4 Algoritmos Heurísticos Basados en Población, (5 Algoritmos Heurísticos Combinados, (6 Métodos Exactos. Se hace especial énfasis en fortalezas y debilidades de cada metodología publicada, identificando oportunidades de investigación y desarrollo en el área, en el contexto de la aplicación práctica de la problemática.

  1. Producción de carbones ultralimpios usando flotación burbujeante y lixiviación con ácidos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan Barraza

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available Los carbones ultralimpios representan una importante materia prima para la elaboración de productos de alto valor agregado tales como fibra de carbono, electrodos, espumas de carbón, entre otros. En este trabajo, carbones ultralimpios con concentraciones menores a 0,50% de ceniza (p/p, base seca, bs se obtuvieron usando flotación burbujeante en columna y lixiviación con ácidos fluorhídrico (HF y nítrico (HNO3. Los contenidos de ceniza se redujeron desde 19,60 % en los carbones alimentados hasta 8,70 % en los carbones flotados usando tres etapas en serie en una columna de flotación. Al usar lixiviación química con HF 7,53M y HNO3 2,3M, los carbones presentaron contenidos de 1,42% de ceniza, 0,86% de azufre y 2,00% de materia mineral, mientras que cuando se usó un proceso combinado de flotación seguido de lixiviación ácida con HF 19,2M y HNO3 8,12M se obtuvo un carbón con 0,48 % de ceniza 0,71 % de azufre y 0,96 % de materia mineral. Sin embargo, al usar carbón original (no flotado a las mismas concentraciones ácidas utilizadas en el proceso combinado se produjo un carbón ultralimpio de contenido de ceniza 0,33%.

  2. Diferencias en ansiedad estado-rasgo y en atención selectiva en Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad (TDAH

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    Paloma González-Castro

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Uno de los trastornos que más afecta al rendimiento escolar es el Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad (TDAH. El criterio establecido por el DSM diferencia tres subtipos: inatento, hiperactivo-impulsivo y combinado. Sin embargo, el perfil de este trastorno podría verse alterado por la asociación con otros como la ansiedad. El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar si hay diferentes patrones de atención (selectiva y sostenida y ansiedad (estado y rasgo en los tres subtipos de TDAH. Además, el objetivo es analizar cómo la ansiedad predice el rendimiento de los estudiantes con TDAH en una tarea de atención selectiva. La muestra estaba formada por 220 estudiantes (6-12 años: 56 en el grupo control, 54 con TDAH-Inatento, 53 con TDAH-Hiperactivo impulsivo y 56 con el subtipo combinado. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que los cuatro grupos resultaban significativamente diferentes en las variables atencionales y en los niveles de ansiedad estado y rasgo. Al mismo tiempo, la ansiedad rasgo predijo el rendimiento en la variable de concentración analizada. Los resultados revelan un nuevo patrón de gran interés de cara a la evaluación diagnóstica objetiva y fiable en el TDAH.

  3. Aspergilosis cervical con diseminación al sistema nervioso central. Presentación de un caso y revisión de bibliografía

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vergara, Guillermo Enrique; Roura, Natalia; del Castillo, Marcelo; Mora, Andrea; Alcorta, Santiago Condomi; Mormandi, Rubén; Cervio, Andrés; Salvat, Jorge

    2015-01-01

    Introducción: la Aspergilosis Invasiva (AI) del Sistema Nervioso Central (SNC) es infrecuente y ocurre generalmente en pacientes inmunocomprometidos. Puede presentarse con cuadros de meningitis, aneurismas micóticos, infartos o abscesos. Es una infección con pronóstico reservado y puede afectar el SNC de forma primaria o secundaria a partir de un foco que se disemina por vía hematógena. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con AI con invasión primaria a nivel óseo y diseminación posterior al cerebro. Caso clínico: Paciente masculino de 25 años con diagnóstico de leucemia linfática aguda en tratamiento quimioterápico que presentó neumonitis por metotrexate por lo que inicia tratamiento con corticoides. Posteriormente agregó cervicalgia y con el diagnóstico de osteomielitis cervical se realiza punción bajo tomografía computada (TC) sin aislarse gérmenes. Se colocó Halo Vest e inició tratamiento antibiótico empírico. Posteriormente presentó afasia de expresión secundaria a lesión frontal izquierda. Se realizó evacuación de absceso cerebral aislando A. fumigatus. El tratamiento antibiótico específico posterior permitió una buena respuesta clínica y radiológica. Conclusión: La presencia de lesiones en el SNC de pacientes inmunocomprometidos debe incluir a las micosis como diagnóstico diferencial. La evacuación quirúrgica permite llegar rápidamente al diagnóstico mejorando la respuesta posterior al tratamiento antibiótico. Para evaluar la respuesta terapéutica y posibles recaídas se debe realizar un seguimiento periódico clínico radiológico. Palabras clave: Aspergilosis cerebral; Aspergilosis cervical; Aspergilosis invasiva; Voriconazol. PMID:26600985

  4. desenvolvimento desigual e combinado

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sonia Maria Rummert

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available El propósito de este artículo es explicitar el efecto de sentido y el carácter funcional de la composición constituida hoy, en Brasil, por el expresivo conjunto de iniciativas dirigidas a la educación y formación de la clase trabajadora. Para alcanzar los fines del análisis propuesto, presentamos consideraciones respecto a los conceptos de capital- imperialismo y desarrollo desigual y combinado, así como de sus expresiones en Brasil y, particularmente, en la educación y formación de la clase trabajadora. De esa manera, seintenta evidenciar cómo se gestan, en el escenario del capital-imperialismo subalterno, nuevas formas de destitución del derecho al acceso universal al conocimiento científico y tecnológico. Finalmente, examinamos el conjunto de programas y acciones emprendidas por el gobierno federal, desde la década de 1990, y los presentamos reunidos de acuerdo a las características identificadas como portadoras de similitudes.

  5. Early detection of cervical cancer with visual inspection methods: a summary of completed and on-going studies in India Detección oportuna de cáncer cervical con métodos de inspección visual: un resumen de estudios en India

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    R Sankaranarayanan

    2003-01-01

    in two cluster randomized controlled intervention trials in India. One of these studies is a 4-arm trial addressing the comparative efficacy of VIA, cytology and primary screening with HPV DNA testing. This trial will provide valuable information on comparative detection rates of CIN 2-3 lesions by the middle of 2003. The expected outcomes from the Indian studies will contribute valuable information for guiding the development of public health policies on cervical cancer prevention in countries with different levels of socio-economic and health services development and open up new avenues of research.La India es un país de alto riesgo de cáncer cervical, donde se presentan cerca de la cuarta parte de los casos del total mundial (126 000 casos incidentes y 71 000 muertes durante 2000. La tasa de incidencia estandarizada por edad se encuentra en el rango de 16 a 55 por 100 000 mujeres en diferentes regiones con tasas particularmente altas en áreas rurales. El control del cáncer cervical por detección temprana y tratamiento es una prioridad del Programa Nacional de Control de Cáncer y, desafortunadamente, no hay programas organizados de tamizaje citológico en este país. La infraestructura técnica y financiera para organizar tamizaje en este tipo de cáncer, ha promovido la inspección visual como una potencial alternativa de la citología cervical en la India. Se investigan cuatro tipos de opciones de detección visual de neoplasia cervical: a inspección a ojo desnudo sin la aplicación de ácido acético, opción ampliamente conocida como downstaging; b inspección de ojo desnudo después de la aplicación de ácido acético de 3 a 5% (VIA; c VIA usando un dispositivo de aumento (VIAM; d inspección visual después de la aplicación de yodo-lugol (VILI. Se ha mostrado que el Downstaging ha sido pobremente sensible y específico para detectar neoplasia cervical y no es considerado ampliamente como una prueba de tamizaje conveniente para cáncer cervical. VIA

  6. Corrección de la clorosis férrica con quelato EDDHA en cultivos sembrados en suelo alcalino y calcáreo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Arturo Díaz Franco

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available La deficiencia de hierro (Fe en los cultivos se manifiesta principalmente en regiones con suelos alcalinos y calcáreos. En el presente estudio se evaluó la efectividad del Fe3+ quelatado con EDDHA [ac. etilendiamino di-(o-hidroxifenilacetato] y la aspersión foliar de FeSO4 solos y combinados, en los cultivos de sorgo, soya, okra y frijol. El EDDHA-Fe (Ultraferro® se aplicó a dosis de 1% en la siembra sobre las semillas y para el FeSO4 se hicieron dos aplicaciones foliares al 1.5%. En los cuatro experimentos se determinó el índice de clorofila (SPAD en tres fechas (15 y 28 de marzo, 6 de abril, y a los 48-50 días después de la siembra se cuantificó la biomasa foliar y radical. Entre los cultivos, las plantas de soya y okra manifestaron la mayor intensidad de clorosis férrica, la cual fue visible entre los tratamientos. En ambos cultivos los mayores valores SPAD y de biomasa foliar y radical se obtuvieron con la aplicación de EDDHA-Fe solo o combinado con FeSO4. En frijol y sorgo, la clorosis fue menos visible, para las plantas de frijol el mayor índice de clorofila se registró con EDDHA-Fe y FeSO4 en las dos últimas fechas de evaluación (28 de marzo y 6 de abril y los tres tratamientos químicos superaron de forma similar al testigo, en la biomasa foliar y radical. Las plantas de sorgo registraron los mayores índices SPAD en la última fecha (6 de abril, mientras que no fueron significativas las diferencias en la biomasa foliar y radical. No se observó efecto aditivo en las variables con la combinación EDDHA-Fe y FeSO4. En general, los resultados indican que la aplicación de EDDHA-Fe solo o combinado con FeSO4 foliar en soya, okra y frijol, mostraron corrección de la clorosis férrica de manera efectiva.

  7. SIMULACIÓN HORARIA DE UN SISTEMA DE REFRIGERACIÓN COMBINADO EYECTOR-COMPRESIÓN DE VAPOR ASISTIDO POR ENERGÍA SOLAR Y GAS NATURAL HOURLY SIMULATION OF A COMBINED EJECTOR-VAPOR COMPRESSION REFRIGERATION SYSTEM ASSISTED BY SOLAR ENERGY AND NATURAL GAS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Humberto Vidal

    2009-04-01

    Full Text Available Entre los sistemas de refrigeración movidos térmicamente asistidos por energía solar y gas natural, el sistema de refrigeración con eyector ha recibido especial atención. Este sistema se caracteriza por su simplicidad constructiva, ausencia de partes móviles, operación en bajas temperaturas y bajo costo operacional. Sin embargo, el ciclo de refrigeración por eyector tiene usualmente un bajo coeficiente de desempeño. Una alternativa de solución a este problema lo constituye el sistema de refrigeración con eyector combinado. La primera etapa está constituida por un ciclo de compresión mecánica de vapor convencional con R134a, mientras que la segunda etapa la constituye un ciclo termo-movido con eyector usando R141b como fluido de trabajo. Colectores de placa plana y un quemador de energía auxiliar entregan calor al ciclo de eyector. Este artículo describe la simulación en base horaria de un sistema de refrigeración combinado eyector-compresión de vapor asistido por energía solar y gas natural. El sistema de refrigeración solar combinado es modelado usando la herramienta de simulación TRNSYS-EES y los datos climáticos de un año típico de Florianópolis, Brasil. Los resultados obtenidos con la modelación computacional desarrollada para este sistema muestran la ventaja del ciclo de refrigeración combinado eyector-compresión de vapor por sobre el ciclo simple con eyector. Finalmente, el modelo computacional desarrollado en este artículo podría ser usado para realizar una optimización termo-económica del sistema en trabajos futuros.Among the thermally driven cooling systems assisted by solar energy and natural gas, the ejector cooling system has received special attention. This system is an interesting refrigeration technology due to its construction simplicity, absence of moving parts, operation at lower temperatures and a low operational cost. However, the coefficient of performance of ejector cycle is usually low. The

  8. Artroplastia total de disco cervical com prótese de Bryan: resultados clínicos e funcionais Artroplastía cervical total con prótesis de Bryan: resultados clínicos y funcionales Cervical total disc arthroplasty with Bryan disc: clinical and functional outcomes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eduardo Machado de Menezes

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar resultados da artroplastia total disco cervical com a prótese de Bryan para tratamento da cervicobraquialgia (radiculopatia e da mielopatia compressiva. MÉTODOS: No período de 2002 a 2007, a equipe da CECOL operou 65 pacientes. Somente 28 pacientes foram localizados em 2010 para uma nova coleta de dados. Foi feita avaliação pré e pós-operatória, utilizando-se o questionário CSOQ (Cervical Spine Outcomes Questionnaire. Os critérios de Odom foram utilizados somente na avaliação pós-operatória. Ambos foram traduzidos e adaptados para cultura local. RESULTADOS: Houve melhora funcional e sintomática significativa na maioria dos pacientes. A atenuação da dor cervical (axial e braquial (radicular foi semelhante. Os critérios Odom indicaram 82,1% de bons e ótimos resultados, 10% satisfatórios e 7% ruins. Houve apenas uma complicação (3%, que foi revertida com a artrodese anterior. CONCLUSÕES: A artroplastia total de disco cervical demonstrou ser um método seguro e eficaz para tratamento de casos selecionados de hérnia de disco cervical associada a radiculopatia e/ou mielopatia a curto e médio prazo.OBJETIVO: Evaluar los resultados de la artroplastia discal cervical con la prótesis de Bryan para el tratamiento del radiculopatía y compresión de la médula espinal (mielopatía. MÉTODOS: El equipo de CECOL ha operado 65 pacientes en el período de 2002 a 2007. Sólo 28 pacientes fueron localizados en 2010 para una nueva recolección de datos. La evaluación pre y postoperatoria se realizó mediante un cuestionario CSOQ (Cervical Spine Outcomes Questionnaire. Los criterios de Odom sólo fueron utilizados en la evaluación postoperatoria. Ambos fueron traducidos y adaptados a la cultura local. RESULTADOS: Hubo una mejora significativa sintomática y funcional en la mayoría de los pacientes. La atenuación del dolor de cuello (axial y braquial (radicular fue similar. Los criterios Odom demostraron 82,1% de

  9. Propuestas para el entrenamiento combinado de fuerza y resistencia

    OpenAIRE

    López de Viñaspre, Pablo; Comellas, Josep

    2000-01-01

    Muchas especialidades deportivas requieren de un buen nivel de entrenamiento tanto en la capacidad de fuerza como en la de resistencia. Por este motivo, se incluye el entrenamiento combinado de estas dos cualidades en el programa de entrenamiento de muchos deportistas. Por otro lado, en el deporte recreativo, el concepto del Fitness es ya común entre la mayoría de la población y va tomando cada vez más importancia. Actualmente se busca el bienestar global (tendencia del Wellness) a través de ...

  10. Celulitis gangrenosa cervical complicada con mediastinitis: Caso clínico

    OpenAIRE

    Aboul-hosn Centenero, S.

    2003-01-01

    Presentamos un caso clínico de celulitis gangrenosa cervical de origen odontógeno que progresó al espacio mediastínico, comentando la importancia de un tratamiento precoz y agresivo (quirúrgico y antibioterapia endovenosa). Discutimos la necesidad de realizar sistemáticamente traqueostomía, así como el momento de llevar a cabo la exodoncia de las piezas causantes del proceso infeccioso.This is the presentation of a case of cervical necrotizing celullitis which spreads to the mediastinic space...

  11. Control inhibitorio y monitorización en población infantil con TDAH

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carlos Ramos

    2017-02-01

    Full Text Available El trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad (TDAH ha sido asociado a déficits de las funciones ejecutivas, sin embargo, aún no existe claridad respecto a cuál es el perfil cognitivo en el subtipo combinado (TDAH-C. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron comparar el control inhibitorio y la monitorización de estudiantes con y sin TDAH-C, y analizar la correlación entre tareas experimentales y escalas comportamentales de evaluación de las funciones ejecutivas mencionadas. El estudio tuvo 68 participantes, quienes conformaron un grupo experimental de 34 estudiantes con TDAH-C y un grupo control de 34 estudiantes con desarrollo típico. Los instrumentos de medición fueron las escalas comportamentales BRIEF, BIS 11-c y ADHD Rating Scale IV, y los experimentos Go/No-Go, Simon y Stroop Victoria. Se encontró que el grupo experimental con TDAH presenta déficits en las funciones ejecutivas evaluadas, y que las escalas comportamentales y los experimentos evalúan diferentes niveles del funcionamiento ejecutivo.

  12. Prospects for controlling cervical cancer at the turn of the century Perspectivas de control de cáncer cervical en el siglo XXI

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eduardo L Franco

    2003-01-01

    detección oportuna de cáncer basados en citología, particularmente en países con altos y medianos ingresos. Sin embargo, en muchos países de bajos ingresos el programa de detección oportuna de cáncer basado en citología apenas está siendo implantado correctamente o tiene fallas, por lo que no se puede apreciar el alcance para reducir las tasas de este cáncer. El hecho es que la infección con ciertos tipos de virus de papiloma humano es ahora reconocida como una causa necesaria de la enfermedad, lo que ha conducido a nuevas investigaciones frente a la prevención del cáncer cervical. Las pruebas de ADN del virus del papiloma humano se han mostrado como una herramienta prometedora con gran sensibilidad, pero con especificidad más baja que la citología. En combinación con citología ginecológica, la prueba del virus del papiloma humano tiene potencial para mejorar el valor predictivo negativo de la prueba convencional, permitiendo incrementar los intervalos de periodicidad de la misma y poder disminuir los costos del programa con seguridad aceptable. Los avances en el procesamiento de la prueba de citología y automatización de pruebas que determinan ADN del virus, han permitido nuevas propuestas de tamizaje lo que incrementa cada vez más su aceptación en países de altos y medianos ingresos. Para países de bajos ingresos, se ha probado que la inspección visual con ácido acético es una alternativa efectiva para la citología convencional, especialmente observada en sitios en los que los programas de tamizaje no han sido organizados. Referente a la prevención primaria del cáncer cervical, investigaciones recientes sobre seguridad y eficacia de la vacuna profiláctica contra el virus del papiloma humano han mostrado resultados muy prometedores con una eficacia cercana a 100% en prevención de infecciones persistentes y desarrollo de lesiones precursoras de este cáncer. Sin embargo, las políticas generadas son fuertemente cautelosas para evitar

  13. Control Neuronal Combinado para Generar Espectros de Oleajes

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    Luis P. Sánchez Fernández

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available Resumen: Se presenta un método novedoso para controlar la obtención de espectros de energía de oleajes, de gran utilidad en los laboratorios de investigación y desarrollo de Hidráulica Marítima. El elemento final de control o manipulador es un motor eléctrico lineal conectado a un servo-control el cual es supervisado mediante una computadora. El algoritmo de control automático se realiza con un esquema neuronal combinado, compuesto por una red neuronal artificial “feed-forward” y un controlador proporcional integral. El sistema computacional implementado incluye características de autoaprendizaje, materializado en el re-entrenamiento en línea de la red neuronal lo cual hace posible adaptarse a cambios en los parámetros del “proceso controlado” y a perturbaciones, altamente influyentes en el espectro de energía que impacta una obra hidráulica objeto de estudio. Abstract: A novel method is presented to control the generation of wave energy spectrum, useful in research and development laboratories of Maritime Hydraulic. The final control element is a linear electric motor connected to a servo-control which is monitored by a computer. The automatic control algorithm is performed with a combined neural scheme. It consists of an artificial neural network “feed-forward” and a proportional integral controller. The computer system includes self-learning based on an online training of the neural network. It makes possible to adapt to changes in the parameters of the “controlled process” and disturbances that impact the studied hydraulic work. Palabras clave: Control, neuronal, oleaje, espectros, hidráulica, Keywords: Control, neural, wave, spectrums, hydraulic

  14. Kinematics of fast cervical rotations in persons with chronic neck pain: a cross-sectional and reliability study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Röijezon, Ulrik; Djupsjöbacka, Mats; Björklund, Martin; Häger-Ross, Charlotte; Grip, Helena; Liebermann, Dario G

    2010-09-27

    Assessment of sensorimotor function is useful for classification and treatment evaluation of neck pain disorders. Several studies have investigated various aspects of cervical motor functions. Most of these have involved slow or self-paced movements, while few have investigated fast cervical movements. Moreover, the reliability of assessment of fast cervical axial rotation has, to our knowledge, not been evaluated before. Cervical kinematics was assessed during fast axial head rotations in 118 women with chronic nonspecific neck pain (NS) and compared to 49 healthy controls (CON). The relationship between cervical kinematics and symptoms, self-rated functioning and fear of movement was evaluated in the NS group. A sub-sample of 16 NS and 16 CON was re-tested after one week to assess the reliability of kinematic variables. Six cervical kinematic variables were calculated: peak speed, range of movement, conjunct movements and three variables related to the shape of the speed profile. Together, peak speed and conjunct movements had a sensitivity of 76% and a specificity of 78% in discriminating between NS and CON, of which the major part could be attributed to peak speed (NS: 226 ± 88°/s and CON: 348 ± 92°/s, p conjunct movements was poor. Peak speed of fast cervical axial rotations is reduced in people with chronic neck pain, and even further reduced in subjects with concomitant low back pain. Fast cervical rotation test seems to be a reliable and valid tool for assessment of neck pain disorders on group level, while a rather large between subject variation and overlap between groups calls for caution in the interpretation of individual assessments.

  15. Uso combinado de modelos de estresse no trabalho e a saúde auto-referida na enfermagem Uso combinado de modelos de estrés en el trabajo y la salud auto referida en la enfermería Combined use of job stress models and self-rated health in nursing

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rosane Härter Griep

    2011-02-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Identificar combinações de dois modelos do estresse psicossocial do trabalho em equipes de enfermagem e sua associação com a saúde auto-referida. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com trabalhadoras de três hospitais públicos do Município do Rio de Janeiro, RJ (N=1307. Foi aplicado questionário multidimensional que incluiu duas escalas de estresse no trabalho (modelo demanda-controle e desequilíbrio esforço-recompensa em 2006. Foram considerados o modelo demanda e controle parcial e completo (inclui apoio social no trabalho, assim como o esforço e recompensa parcial e completo (inclui excesso de comprometimento com o trabalho. Modelos de regressão múltipla foram utilizados para estimar razões de chances ajustadas e seus respectivos intervalos com 95% de confiança. RESULTADOS: As dimensões de ambos os modelos estiveram independentemente associadas à situação de saúde, com odds ratios entre 1,70 e 3,37. O modelo parcial demanda-controle mostrou-se menos associado à saúde (OR = 1,79; IC95% 1,26;2,53 quando comparado ao de desequilíbrio esforço-recompensa (OR=2,27; IC95% 1,57;3,30. A incorporação do apoio social e do excesso de comprometimento com o trabalho aumentou a força de associação dos modelos demanda-controle e desequilíbrio esforço-recompensa, respectivamente. Foi observado aumento na força de associação quando os dois modelos parciais foram combinados. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados indicam melhor desempenho do modelo desequilíbrio esforço-recompensa para este grupo específico e para o desfecho avaliado e vantagem do uso de modelos completos ou do uso combinado em modelos parciais.OBJETIVO: Identificar combinaciones de dos modelos de estrés psicossocial del trabajo en equipos de enfermería y su asociación con la salud auto referida. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal con trabajadoras de tres hospitales públicos del Municipio de Rio de Janeiro, Sureste de Brasil, (N=1307. Se aplicó cuestionario

  16. El Soporte Conductual Positivo y la comunicación como factores clave en la intervención educativa de los niños con TEA

    OpenAIRE

    Lizondo-Nieto, Elina Marcela

    2013-01-01

    En este trabajo, vamos a estudiar el Soporte Conductual Positivo aplicado a la Escuela (SCPE) como un método de intervención educativa que permite construir el aprendizaje de los niños con trastornos del espectro autista (TEA) a partir de las conductas problemáticas que estos manifiestan convirtiéndolas en habilidades, que, a su vez, van a ser reforzadas a través del sistema TEACCH, lo que combinado con un sistema alternativo y aumentativo de comunicación (SAAC), como el PECS, va ...

  17. Paciente con tumor de cuerpo carotideo

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    Mariuska Forteza Sáez

    Full Text Available Los tumores de cuerpo carotideo (paragangliomas son neoplasias altamente vascularizadas, muy poco frecuentes y generalmente benignas, originadas en los quimiorreceptores del cuerpo carotideo. Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 54 años, con aumento de volumen cervical derecho, asintomático, con estudio preoperatorio y angiografía realizados por tomografía axial computarizada, que resultan compatibles con tumor de cuerpo carotideo. Se realiza disección subadventicial, informando la biopsia paraganglioma. El tumor fue completamente resecado, sin evidencia de recurrencia y sin complicaciones.

  18. Resultados clínicos e radiológicos en serie de artrodesis cervical anterior con caja de fusión intersomática y placa Resultados clínicos e radiológicos em série de artrodese cervical anterior com dispositivo de fusão intersomática e placa Clinical and radiologica outcomes in series of anterior cervical fusion with intersomatic cage and plate

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lyonel Beaulieu Lalanne

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Analizar los resultados clínicos e radiológicos de una serie de pacientes sometidos a artrodesis cervical anterior con caja de fusión intersomática (CAGE y placa. MÉTODOS: Análisis retrospectivo de serie de pacientes sometidos a artrodesis cervical anterior con caja de fusión intersomática y placa entre los años 2004 y 2009. Revisión de fichas clínicas y radiografías, registro de edad, sexo, diagnósticos, nivel operado, complicaciones, evolución clínica y radiológica. Técnica quirúrgica de Smith-Robinson. Las cajas de fusión intersomática fueron llenadas con sustitutos de huesos. Deambulación 12 horas después de la cirugía, alta a las 48 horas, collar cervical intermitente por 2 semanas. Evaluación clínica mediante criterios de Odom. Seguimiento 17 a 78 meses. RESULTADOS: Diagnósticos: Hernia del núcleo pulposo (HNP cervical, 44 (71%, mielopatía, 11 (17,7%, fracturas, 7 (11,3%. Nivel 1: 44 (71%, Nivel 2: 15 (24,2%, Nivel 3: (4,8%. El nivel C5-C6 incluyó 92% de los casos. Alivio del dolor radicular: 60 (97%. Recuperación del déficit neurológico: 59 (95,2%. Alivio de la mielopatía: 8/11 pacientes (73%. Alivio del dolor cervical: 56 (90%. Resultados clínicos: 91,9% excelentes y buenos. Complicaciones (12,9%: 4 disfagias transitorias (6,5%, 1 disfagia permanente (1,6%, 2 disfonías transitorias (3,3%, 1 subcidencia con aflojamiento del implante y fractura asintomática de placa (1,6%. No hubo pseudoartrosis. CONCLUSIONES: Esta serie presenta buenos resultados clínicos, com alivio del dolor y recuperación neurológica comparables con los hallazgos en la literatura. El uso de la caja de fusión intersomática evita complicaciones de la zona dadora y, cuando es asociado a placa cervical anterior permite fijación intersomática inmediata, dando soporte estructural adecuado, con buenos resultados y sin complicaciones a largo plazo.OBJETIVOS: Analisar os resultados clínicos e radiológicos de uma série de

  19. El Implante discal cervical como alternativa a la artrodesis en el tratamiento quirúrgico de la cervicoartrosis

    OpenAIRE

    Lafuente Baraza, Jesús

    2004-01-01

    Consultable des del TDX Títol obtingut de la portada digitalitzada Objetivo: Evaluación de la prótesis de Bryan como alternativa a la artrodesis en el tratamiento de la espondilosis cervical. Materiales y métodos: 54 pacientes consecutivos con radiculopatía o mielopatía fueron intervenidos quirúrgicamente de discectomía cervical con implantación de la prótesis discal cervical. Dichos implantes presentan medidas variables que van de 14 a 18 mm. El seguimiento se realizo a las seis semana...

  20. Abordaje quirúrgico combinado como alternativa mínimamente invasiva en el tratamiento de la Gangrena de Fournier

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan C. Larsson

    Full Text Available Introducción y Objetivo: La Gangrena de Fournier es una fascitis necrotizante del perineo y genitales externos que presenta una morbi-mortalidad elevada debido a su diagnóstico tardío y a las comorbilidades comúnmente asociadas en estos pacientes. Terapias adyuvantes como la presión negativa y los sustitutos dérmicos, han mostrado eficacia en el tratamiento de pacientes con defectos complejos de tejidos blandos y forman parte de nuestro protocolo de tratamiento actual. El objetivo de este estudio es describir la utilidad de nuestro abordaje quirúrgico combinado en la Gangrena de Fournier. Material y método. Presentamos un trabajo retrospectivo en el que describimos 3 pacientes varones tratados por defectos complejos de tejidos blandos secundarios a Gangrena de Fournier mediante nuestro protocolo de tratamiento quirúrgico que comprende: una primera etapa de control de la herida mediante desbridamientos agresivos y terapia de presión negativa, seguido de una etapa de contemporización que combina la utilización de matriz dérmica y terapia de presión negativa, y por último una etapa de reconstrucción para dar cobertura final al defecto. Resultados. Los 3 pacientes presentaron compromiso extenso de la región perineal y de las regiones adyacentes incluyendo genitales externos y miembros inferiores. Todos fueron tratados con éxito mediante el abordaje que describimos, sin secuelas funcionales y manteniendo el contorno a la región. Conclusiones. El abordaje utilizado en nuestros 3 casos representó una alternativa terapéutica eficaz. La combinación de terapia de presión negativa y matriz dérmica nos permitió un manejo simplificado de la herida y una reconstrucción con mayor seguridad y mínima morbilidad mediante cierre primario de las heridas y avance de colgajos locales.

  1. Celulitis gangrenosa cervical complicada con mediastinitis: Caso clínico

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    S. Aboul-hosn Centenero

    2003-12-01

    Full Text Available Presentamos un caso clínico de celulitis gangrenosa cervical de origen odontógeno que progresó al espacio mediastínico, comentando la importancia de un tratamiento precoz y agresivo (quirúrgico y antibioterapia endovenosa. Discutimos la necesidad de realizar sistemáticamente traqueostomía, así como el momento de llevar a cabo la exodoncia de las piezas causantes del proceso infeccioso.This is the presentation of a case of cervical necrotizing celullitis which spreads to the mediastinic space, resulting from direct extensión, with an odontogenic origin. Our aims are to explain the importance of a rapid and agressive treatment (surgical and antibiotherapy. We shall discuss the necessity of givin the tracheostomy in all cases, as well as the treatment of extraction of the tooth when is the cause of the infection.

  2. Biopsia por aspiración con aguja fina en el síndrome adénico cervical crónico

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    Nélido González Fernández

    1997-08-01

    Full Text Available Con el objetivo de determinar en nuestro medio el valor de la citología aspirativa con aguja fina, al evaluar una linfadenopatía cervical asintomática, como procedimiento diagnóstico preliminar, se realizó un estudio de 40 pacientes que acudieron a la consulta de otorrinolaringología del Hospital Clinicoquirúrgico Docente "Joaquín Albarrán", durante el año 1994, en los cuales se practicó primero biopsia aspirativa con aguja fina y posteriormente la extirpación quirúrgica de los ganglios afectados para evaluar los diagnósticos citopatológicos realizados. El 72,5 % de los pacientes tenían más de 50 años y el 62,5 % era del sexo masculino. Se diagnosticaron lesiones metastásicas en el 45 %, tumores primarios en el 20 %, adenitis aguda en 7,5 %. En la correlación se encontraron 2 falsos positivos (5 % e igual número de falsos negativos. La eficacia del método fue de 90 %, sensibilidad de 92,3 % y especialidad de 85,75 %. Los índices predictivos positivos y negativos fueron 92,3 y 85,7 %Forty patients who were attended at the Otorrhinolaryngology Service of "Joaquín Albarrán" Teaching Clinical and Surgical Hospital during 1994 were studied with the aim of determine in our environment the value of fine needle aspiration cytology when evaluating an asymptomatic cervical lymphoadenopathy. First, patients underwent a fine needle aspiration biopsy and afterwards they were submitted to a surgical removal of the affected ganglia to assess the cytopathologic diagnoses performed. 72.5 % of patients were over 50 years of age and 62.5 % were male. Metastatic lesions were diagnosed in 45 %, primary tumors in 20 %, and acute adenitis in 7.5 %. In the correlation, 2 false positive results were found (5 % and an equal number of false negative results. The effectiveness of the method was found to be of 90 %, sensitivity was 92.3 %, and specificity was of 85.75 %. Positive and negative predictive indexes were 92.3 and 85.7 %

  3. Estabilidad de un producto dulce de tamarillo (Cyphomandra betacea conservado por métodos combinados

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    Xadeni Villegas-Ruíz

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo de este estudio fue aplicar la tecnología de métodos combinados para elaborar una base dulce (BDT de tamarillo (Cyphomandra betacea, así como evaluar su estabilidad durante el almacenamiento. La BDT fue preparada al pH natural de la fruta (3,72, con una actividad de agua (aw reducida (0,901 mediante la adición de sacarosa, y adicionada con benzoato de sodio (0,1% como antimicrobiano. La BDT se almacenó en refrigeración (4°C, protegida de la luz, y se evaluó cada tercer día durante 60 días determinando sus características fisicoquímicas (color, aw, pH y acidez titulable como ácido cítrico; antioxidantes (capacidad antioxidante, fenoles totales y antocianinas; y microbiológicas (bacterias mesófilas aerobias, mohos y levaduras. La BDT fue adicionada a yogurt natural para evaluar sensorialmente su aceptación general durante el almacenamiento; esta evaluación se llevó a cabo cada siete días durante 49 días. El tiempo de almacenamiento no tuvo efecto sobre la aw, el pH y la acidez de la BDT. Se observó un aumento en el cambio neto de color (de 0 a 4,9 y se registró disminución en los compuestos fenólicos totales (de 1,213 a 0,816 mg de ácido gálico/g BDT, en las antocianinas monoméricas totales (de 0,910 a 0,611 mg cianidina-3-glucósido/g de BDT y en la capacidad antioxidante (de 5,816 a 3,576 μmol Trolox/g BDT. Las cuentas de bacterias mesófilas aerobias, mohos y levaduras, aumentaron ligeramente durante el almacenamiento (de 0,05 durante el almacenamiento.

  4. Production planning in the Combinado Lácteo Santiago

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    Edith Carmen Fajardo-Alcolea

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available A planning, programming and control of the production procedure is designed in this paper to consider all the technical and organizational aspects that are involved in planning, using the balance and normative method, and a variant of the General Algorithm for the Calculation of the Capacities. This procedure is supported by an innovative computer application designed to assist students, technicians and specialists in the planning stages. The procedure is applied in the company “Combinado Lácteo de Santiago de Cuba” to plan the production in 2016. As a result, an innovation of an organizational type is obtained that allows the Production Master Plan, disaggregated in the different time horizons, consider the real capacity of the plants. For its evaluation it was compared to the production plan prepared by the company and the actual production data of the first quarter of the year to determine the existing differences.

  5. Fatores prognósticos associados ao tratamento cirúrgico da mielorradiculopatia espondilótica cervical Factores pronósticos asociados con el tratamiento quirúrgico de la mielorradiculopatía cervical espondilótica Prognostic factors associated with surgical treatment of cervical spondylotic myeloradiculopathy

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    Alexandre Meluzzi

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Identificar os fatores clínicos dos indivíduos, fatores sociais, ambientais e dos exames de imagem que se correlacionam ao resultado final de melhora neurológica em pacientes submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico da mielopatia espondilótica cervical. MÉTODOS: A avaliação clínica foi quantificada pela escala deficitária da JOA. Analisamos 200 casos de mielorradiculopatia cervical, operados no HC-FMUSP, no período de janeiro de 1993 a janeiro de 2007. A média de segmento foi de 06 anos e 08 meses. A análise radiológica foi baseada nos critérios de instabilidade de White e scala de Kellgren. RESULTADOS: Em 80% houve melhora, 14% estabilização e em 6% piora do quadro neurológico. A piora neurológica não foi associada com nenhum fator clínico, ambiental ou de imagem. A melhora neurológica foi diretamente proporcional a menor idade na cirurgia, ausência de co-morbidade, sinal de Hoffman, atrofia muscular, hipersinal medular na RNM, menor período de evolução pré-operatório, melhor status neurológico pré-operatório e inversamente proporcional ao diâmetro AP do canal medular e multiplicidade de compressões. Identificou-se associação com o tabagismo. Mais de 70 anos, evolução superior a 24 meses, atrofia muscular, pontuação JOA igual ou inferior a sete pontos e diâmetro AP do canal inferior ou igual a seis mm não foram associado à melhora.OBJETIVO: Identificar los factores clínicos de los pacientes, factores sociales, ambientales y de exámenes de imagen que se correlacionan con el resultado final de mejoría neurológica en pacientes sometidos a tratamiento quirúrgico de la mielopatía cervical espondilótica. MÉTODOS: La evaluación clínica fue cuantificada por la escala de JOA. Se analizaron 200 casos de mielorradiculopatía cervical, operados en el HC-FMUSP, desde enero de 1993 a enero de 2007. El promedio del segmento fue de 06 años y 08 meses. El análisis radiológico se basó en los criterios

  6. Experiencia con el colgajo de Kirschbaum en secuelas de quemaduras cérvico-faciales

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    P. Rossell-Perry

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available Presentamos nuestra experiencia con el colgajo de Kirschbaum (colgajo en charretera en la corrección de retracciones cicatriciales de la región cervical anterior y del tercio inferior de la cara. Llevamos a cabo un estudio retrospectivo sobre una serie de 63 pacientes con retracciones cicatriciales de la región cervical anterior y del tercio inferior facial, operados por el primer autor entre los años 1996 y 2012 dentro del marco de las campañas quirúrgicas desarrolladas a lo largo del país (Perú en las áreas geográficas con mayor necesidad de atención especializada. En todos los casos empleamos el colgajo en charretera tomado de la región lateral del cuello y de la región deltoidea. Evaluamos a los pacientes mediante el examen físico y la documentación fotográfica obtenida en los periodos pre y postoperatorio. Obtuvimos mejoría en diferentes grados de la limitación funcional de la región cervical y facial en todos los casos operados, con viabilidad total del colgajo en 59 casos (93,65 % y parcial en 4 casos (6,34 % . No hubo ningún caso de pérdida total. Las complicaciones recogidas fueron pocas, principalmente hematomas, 6 casos (9,52 % e infección, 2 casos (3,17 % . Las zonas donantes evolucionaron con cicatriz hipertrófica en 22 de los casos (34,92 % . En conclusión, nuestra experiencia con el uso de esta técnica quirúrgica ha demostrado ser de utilidad en el tratamiento de las secuelas de quemadura con retracción cicatricial cervical y facial, por lo que consideramos que el colgajo de Kirschbaum es seguro y tiene pocas complicaciones.

  7. Using Intervention Mapping as a Participatory Strategy: Development of a Cervical Cancer Screening Intervention for Hispanic Women

    Science.gov (United States)

    Byrd, Theresa L.; Wilson, Katherine M.; Smith, Judith Lee; Heckert, Andrea; Orians, Carlyn E.; Vernon, Sally W.; Fernandez-Esquer, Maria E.; Fernandez, Maria E.

    2012-01-01

    Cervical cancer is preventable with treatment of precancerous lesions and treatable at early stages. Hispanics have higher rates of cervical cancer and lower rates of screening. "Ayndando a las Mujeres con Informaccion, Guia, y Amor para su Salud" (AMIGAS) is an intervention to increase cervical cancer screening in U.S. women of Mexican…

  8. Enfoque terapéutico en 154 pacientes con acromegalia

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    Marcos P. Manavela

    2010-08-01

    Full Text Available La acromegalia es una enfermedad poco frecuente producida en más del 95% de los casos por un tumor hipofisario secretor de hormona de crecimiento (GH. Las manifestaciones clínicas están asociadas a síntomas locales por crecimiento del tumor o a las consecuencias orgánicas y metabólicas secundarias a la hipersecreción de GH. Debido a la alta morbilidad y mortalidad asociadas a la acromegalia, un tratamiento individualizado y optimizado para cada paciente es fundamental. Informamos el enfoque terapéutico de nuestro servicio de endocrinología en la atención de 154 pacientes con acromegalia. Utilizando criterios bioquímicos estrictos, con la cirugía logramos un 32% de remisión global, tasa relativamente baja debido fundamentalmente a que la mayor parte de los pacientes presentaban macroadenomas con un alto porcentaje de invasividad local. Con radioterapia complementaria o como tratamiento inicial se logró la remisión en el 65.4% de los pacientes irradiados. El 14.0% de los pacientes controlaron la enfermedad utilizando agonistas dopaminérgicos solos o combinados con otra droga, mientras que aquellos que utilizaron análogos de la somatostatina normalizaron los parámetros bioquímicos en un 45.7% de los casos. En conclusión, con los diferentes tratamientos utilizados obtuvimos el control de la acromegalia en el 55.2% de los casos, esperando optimizar el tratamiento de estos pacientes en la medida en que contemos con y tengamos acceso a nuevas herramientas terapéuticas.

  9. Foraminotomia cervical posterior en el tratamiento de conflictos foraminales

    Science.gov (United States)

    Campero, Álvaro; Barrera, Ramiro; Ajler, Pablo

    2012-01-01

    Introducción: La foraminomotima cervical posterior es un procedimiento utilizado para la descompresion radicular por via posterior y constituye una alternativa a la via clásica anterior. En este trabajo evaluamos nuestra serie de pacientes tratados por esta via. Método: Desde enero de 2008 a diciembre de 2011, 17 pacientes (18 foraminotomías) fueron operados por presentar cervicobraquialgia a causa de un conflicto foraminal, realizando un foraminotomía cervical posterior. Los pacientes fueron evaluados en el postoperatorio inmediato, al mes y a los 3 meses de la cirugía. Los parámetros para valorar los resultados fueron la Escala Análoga del Dolor (VAS), la Neck Disability Index y los criterios de Odom. Resultados: El dolor radicular por conflicto foraminal secundario a hernia de disco cervical fue el síntoma y la patología predominante. El nivel más afectado fue C5-C6. La resolución completa del dolor radicular se observó en casi todos los pacientes. La VAS preoperatoria en promedio fue de 8.8 (mínimo 8 – máximo 10), con una franca mejoría en todos los casos (0.4 en el último control). La media en la Neck Disability Index al inicio fue de 35.3 (mínimo 32 – máximo 45), con una evolución favorable en la evaluación final (0.6). Los Criterios de Odom para la evaluación de pacientes operados de columna cervical fueron satisfactorios con un promedio de 1.17. Se observaron complicaciones en 4 pacientes (23%), todas tuvieron una evolución favorable. No hubo infecciones, discitis ni empeoramiento de los síntomas preexistentes en ningún paciente. Conclusión: La foraminotomía cervical posterior es un procedimiento efectivo para el tratamiento del dolor radicular en los conflictos foraminales PMID:23596556

  10. Paladar Hendido, Tratamiento quirúrgico, Injerto óseo combinado con plasma rico en plaquetas

    OpenAIRE

    Monserat Soto, Enrique R.; Ramos, Alexis; Tovar Mattar, Ricardo

    2006-01-01

    Hace unos años en las décadas 40 y 50 del siglo pasado se realizaron estudios, debido a que se observó hipodesarrollo del tercio medio de la cara como consecuencia del tratamiento quirúrgico en épocas tempranas de la vida del paciente con paladar fisurado. Cirujanos odontólogos comenzaron a utilizar el injerto óseo para conseguir la integridad anatómica del arco alveolar y así facilitar su desarrollo, la erupción dentaria y las funciones intermaxilares. Estas intervenciones son muy cruentas p...

  11. Meningocele Cervical. Presentación de un caso Cervical meningocele. A case report

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    Mabel Rita Camejo Macías

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available El meningocele cervical es una forma rara de disrafismo espinal. La placa neural pasa por diversas transformaciones hasta convertirse en el tubo neural y cualquier alteración durante su cierre conllevará la aparición de la espina bífida. Durante el embarazo las necesidades maternas de folatos aumentan debido a la síntesis de ácidos nucleicos y proteínas durante la embriogénesis, velocidad de crecimiento y desarrollo fetal de los primeros meses de la gestación. Se presenta el caso de paciente masculino de 12 meses de edad, nacido de un parto eutócico institucional ocurrido el día 5 de diciembre del 2008, con una tumoración en la región posterior del cuello al nacer; es remitido al servicio de Neurocirugía del Hospital Mario Catarino Rivas. Se observó como dato positivo en la región cervical un aumento de volumen redondeado, adherido al plano profundo, renitente, movible y no doloroso cubierto de piel en su totalidad. Se le diagnostica un meningocele cervical y confirma mediante resonancia magnética nuclear cervicodorsal. Se realizó la resección del mismo en el mes de febrero del año 2010 y ha sido evaluado periódicamente en las consultas de neurocirugía y en su área de salud con evolución satisfactoria.Cervical meningocele is a rare form of spinal dysrhahism. Neural plate undergoes various transformations to become into the neural tube, and any modifications occurring during the closure, will lead to the onset of spina bifida. During pregnancy the maternal needs of folates increase due to the synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins, all through the embryogenesis, velocity of growth and fetal development in the first months of pregnancy. A 12-months age, male patient, born from a normal delivery, December 5, 2008 at “Santa Barbara” Hospital, presented a tumor at birth in the posterior region of the neck; the patient was referred to the Neurosurgery Service at “Mario Catarino Rivas” Hospital. As positive information

  12. Avaliação do tratamento da discopatia degenerativa cervical pela artrodese via anterior utilizando placas associadas a cages ou cages em peek isoladamente Evaluación del tratamiento de la enfermedad degenerativa del disco cervical por la artrodesis anterior utilizando placas asociadas con jaulas o jaulas en peec, aisladamente Evaluation of cervical degenerative disc disease treatment by anterior arthrodesis using plates associated with cages or cages in peek alone

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    André Rafael Hübner

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Avaliar comparativamente o tratamento da discopatia degenerativa cervical por discectomia e artrodese cervical via anterior utilizando placas associadas a cages ou cages em PEEK isoladamente. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo comparativo entre dois grupos de pacientes operados pela técnica de discectomia e artrodese cervical via anterior. Foram selecionados aleatoriamente 70 pacientes, 35 operados com o método de fixação com placas associadas a cages - denominado Grupo I - e 35 com o cage em PEEK isoladamente - Grupo II. Realizou-se anamnese, exame físico, escores de dor (escala visual e analógica da dor e função (critérios de Odom's, SF-36, Indice de incapacidade do pescoço o pré e pós-operatório e exames de imagem. RESULTADOS: Houve predominância de pacientes do sexo feminino em ambos os grupos, com média de idade de 55 anos no Grupo I e 47 no Grupo II. Ambos os grupos apresentaram distribuição semelhante quanto ao número de níveis operados, assim como nas complicações encontradas e escores de dor, cervicalgia e SF36 no pré e pós-operatório. Houve 97.1% de fusão com 94.3% de bons resultados no Grupo I e 100% de fusão, com 97 % de bons resultados no Grupo II. CONCLUSÕES: O estudo comparativo da utilização de placas com cages e cages em PEEK isoladamente apresentou resultados semelhantes e satisfatórios para os grupos estudados, não se constatando superioridade ou inferioridade de um método com relação ao outro.OBJETIVOS: Evaluar comparativamente el tratamiento de la enfermedad degenerativa del disco cervical por discectomía y artrodesis cervical vía anterior, utilizando placas asociadas con el uso de jaulas o estas en PEEK [Poliéster-Éter-Éter-Cetona], aisladamente. MÉTODOS: fue realizado un estudio retrospectivo comparativo de dos grupos de pacientes tratados con la técnica de discectomía y artrodesis cervical vía anterior. Se seleccionaron al azar 70 pacientes, 35 operados

  13. Screening for cervical cancer: new alternatives and research Detección oportuna de cáncer cervical: nuevas alternativas y pautas de investigación

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Attila T Lörincz

    2003-01-01

    estudios combinados se hicieron en 77 000 mujeres y dieron como resultado el diagnóstico histológico de más de 1 000 casos de lesiones de alto grado de neoplasia intraepitelial cervical o cáncer. Los métodos utilizados para determinar este virus han sido captura de híbridos de segunda generación (HC2 o la prueba de reacción de polimerasa en cadena (PCR. La prueba del VPH por HC2 en mujeres con diagnóstico citológico de ASC-US HPV han tenido en promedio una muy elevada sensibilidad (90% y especificidad (70%, en comparación con la prueba repetida de citología (sensibilidad 75%, especificidad 60%; y son más sensibles que la colposcopía para seguimiento. Como una prueba adyuvante al Papanicolaou, la rutina de tamizaje con el VPH ha sido un indicador más sensible para identificar lesiones prevalentes de neoplasia intraepitelial cervical de alto grado que la prueba convencional de Papanicolaou o de citología líquida. Una combinación del VPH y citología cervical tiene casi 100% de sensibilidad y valor predictivo negativo. La especificidad de las pruebas combinadas ha tenido sólo una menor especificidad que la observada en citología. Una prueba "doble negativa" del VPH y citología brinda a la mujer un mejor pronóstico en contra del riesgo de desarrollar neoplasia cervical, en comparación con tres pruebas consecutivas de Papanicolaou, y puede brindar seguridad de un nuevo tamizaje en un intervalo de tres años para mujeres de bajo riesgo. Las pruebas para el virus del papiloma humano posiblemente se constituyan en la estrategia más común de tamizaje en programas poblacionales de detección oportuna de cáncer. La investigación continúa para mejorar la sensibilidad y costo-efectividad de métodos de detección de este virus. La captura de híbridos de tercera generación puede brindar la posibilidad de mejorar la tipificación del virus con máquinas de captura rápida mediante robots para asistir la determinación del virus, permitiendo el tamizaje

  14. Combinación de pronósticos y variables predictoras con error

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    Elkin Castaño V

    1994-07-01

    Full Text Available Éste documento discute algunos métodos para obtener pronósticos mejorados a partir de la combinación de las predicciones generadas por diferentes modelos. Además presenta un estudio de simulación para comparar en el corto, mediano y largo plazo, el comportamiento del pronostico combinado de un modelo econométrico y de un modelo arima con los pronósticos individuales de cada modelo, cuando los valores futuros de las predictoras del modelo econométrico contienen errores, el procedimiento de la mezcla de pronósticos generó predicciones más precisas en el corto, mediano y largo plazo.

  15. Artrodesis cervical anterior mediante implante de tantalio: Resultados clínicos y radiológicos

    OpenAIRE

    Vicario, C.; Lopez-Oliva, F.; Sánchez-Lorente, T.; Zimmermann, M.; Asenjo-Siguero, J.J.; Ladero, F.; Ibarzábal, A.

    2006-01-01

    La discectomía cervical anterior con artrodesis intersomática (DCAA) es una técnica quirúrgica ampliamente aceptada en el tratamiento de la enfermedad discal cervical. Recientemente se han introducido con esta indicación las cajas de tantalio debido a sus excelentes propiedades mecánicas y biológicas. Presentamos los resultados iniciales clínicos y radiológicos de un estudio prospectivo de 24 pacientes intervenidos en nuestro servicio tras el empleo de cajas de tantalio en la DCAA. La evaluac...

  16. ELABORACIÓN E IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE UN SEMINARIO DE DIDÁCTICA DE LA BIOLOGÍA Y SU INTEGRACIÓN CON LAS TIC.

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    Maria Charrier Melillán

    2014-05-01

    Full Text Available La incorporación de las TIC a la educación abrió grandes posibilidades para mejorar los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. No obstante, no alcanza con dotar a las escuelas de computadoras, hace falta un cambio en la organización de la misma y en las competencias digitales de los profesores. El presente seminario tuvo como objetivo que los profesores comprendan que el uso de los recursos didácticos combinados con las TIC promueven un cambio tanto conceptual como metodológico de la enseñanza de las ciencias el que deberá plasmarse en una actividad concreta de enseñanza.

  17. Tuberculosis ganglionar cervical

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    Osmany Leonel Mendoza Cruz

    2014-08-01

    Full Text Available La tuberculosis es una enfermedad reemergente en la actual sociedad globalizada y puede presentarse prácticamente ante cualquier especialista. Las formas extrapulmonares pueden representar hasta la cuarta parte de los casos, y entre ellos la afectación ganglionar se ubica entre las más frecuentes. Se reportan dos pacientes estudiados y tratados en el Servicio de Otorrinolaringología del Hospital General de Bata, Litoral de Guinea Ecuatorial, África Central, afectados por tumoraciones laterocervicales subagudas, con escasos síntomas y excelente evolución, tras su diagnóstico de tuberculosis ganglionar cervical y terapéutica antibiótica. Aunque la punción y aspiración con aguja fina no fue concluyente, ambos casos resultaron positivos por medio de la tinción de Ziehl-Neelsen

  18. Citología de cuello uterino e impeditividad eléctrica en la detección temprana del cáncer cervical Cervical Cytology and Electrical Impedivity in the Early Detection of the Cervical Cancer

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    Sandra P. Corzo

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available Se reportan los resultados de un estudio piloto de las propiedades eléctricas del tejido epitelial de cuello uterino por medio de espectroscopia de impeditividad eléctrica, con el propósito de estudiar la detección temprana de la neoplasia intraepitelial con éste método. Para ello, se midieron 636 espectros de impeditividad eléctrica en 53 pacientes de la Liga Santandereana de Lucha Contra el Cáncer, los cuales fueron comparados con las citologías cervicales. Los datos experimentales fueron ajustados al modelo de Cole-Cole con una herramienta computacional basada en algoritmos genéticos. Los resultados del estudio realizado sugieren una sensibilidad y especificidad superiores al 70%. Salud UIS 2012; 44 (2:15-19Are reported the results of a study about the properties of cervical epitelial tissue using electrical impeditivity spectroscopy, with the objective of studying the early detection of intraepithelial neoplasia, with this metled. 636 impedivity spectrums from 53 patients at Liga Santandereana de Lucha contra el cancer were measured and compared with cervical cytology. Experimental data were felted to the Cole-Cole model, using a computational tool based in genetic algorithms. The results of the study suggest a sensibility and specificity above 70%. Salud UIS 2012; 44 (2:15-19

  19. Entrenamiento cognitivo en memoria de trabajo para niños con TDAH: ensayo clínico aleatorizado

    OpenAIRE

    Bigorra Gualba, Aitana

    2017-01-01

    Objetivos: En el TDAH existen déficits en las Funciones Ejecutivas (FFEE) y en especial en la Memoria de trabajo (MT), que repercuten negativamente en el rendimiento académico, los síntomas clínicos, y la adaptación funcional. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron analizar la eficacia de un entrenamiento computarizado en MT sobre otras FFEE frías y calientes, aprendizajes, síntomas clínicos y adaptación funcional. Método: Se incluyeron 66 niños con TDAH tipo combinado entre 7 y 12 años de edad...

  20. Déficit en Habilidades Sociales en Niños con Trastorno por Déficit de Atención-Hiperactividad, Evaluados con la Escala basc/ Social Skills Deficits in Children Diagnosed With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Evaluated With the BASC Escale/ Déficit em Habilidades Sociais em Crianças com Transtorno por Déficit de Atenção-Hiperatividade, Avaliados com a Escala BASC

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    Pedro Puentes Rozo

    2014-07-01

    Full Text Available Se analizaron las Habilidades Sociales (HS de 159 niños de ambos sexos, escolarizados, con Trastorno por Déficit de Atención-Hiperactividad (TDAH, entre los 6 y los 11 años de edad. La valoración de las HS se realizó con la escala Behavioral Assessment System for Children para padres y maestros. Los resultados mostraron que los niños con TDAH presentan puntajes más bajos en las dimensiones de habilidades sociales como escuchar, esperar turnos, reconocer señales sociales y tener capacidad de adaptabilidad. Sin embargo, en compañerismo, los participantes con TDAH combinado poseen habilidades semejantes a los no afectados. Esto replantea lo encontrado en la mayoría de los estudios en donde únicamente se evidencian deficiencias.

  1. Percutaneous endoscopic cervical discectomy: 16 years of experience and literature review Discectomía endoscópica percutánea cervical: 16 años de experiência y revisión de la literatura Discectomia endoscópica percutânea cervical: 16 anos de experiência e revisão da literatura

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    Gun Choi

    2009-09-01

    Full Text Available The advancement of the percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PECD and its clinical success have led to similar minimally invasive approaches to the cervical spine. The goal of PECD is the decompression of the cervical nerve root through a direct endoscopic visualization, removing the herniated mass and shrinking the nucleous pulposus with the use of microforceps and holmium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Ho:YAG laser. The senior author have performed PECD with cervical laser assisted endoscopy since 1993. The PECD is indicate to patients with constrained or unconstrained soft herniated cervical disc, positive provocative test, and no bony spur larger than 2 mm, regardless of the herniation size. The authors described the surgical technique of PECD and report their 16 years of experience in the endoscopic treatment of the herniated cervical disc.El avance en la discectomía endoscópica percutánea lumbar y su triunfo clínico llevaron a abordajes mínimamente invasivos en la columna cervical. El objetivo de la discectomía endoscópica percutánea cervical es descomprimir la raíz del nervio cervical, por una visualización endoscópica directa, eliminando el fragmento herniado y disminuyendo el núcleo pulposo, con el uso de fórceps y micro Holmio: itrio-aluminio-granada (Ho:YAG laser. La discectomía endoscópica percutánea cervical con laser ha sido utilizada desde 1993. Esta es indicada en pacientes con hernia discal contenida o no, test provocativo positivo, ausencia de osteofitos mayores que 2 mm, independientemente del tamaño de la hernia. Los autores describen la técnica quirúrgica de discectomía endoscópica percutánea cervical y relatan 16 años de experiencia en el tratamiento endoscópico de disco cervical herniado.O avanço da discectomia endoscópica percutânea lombar e seu sucesso clínico levaram a abordagens minimamente invasivas para a coluna cervical. O objetivo da discectomia endoscópica percutânea cervical é o de

  2. Tratamiento conservador en pacientes con retinoblastoma bilateral

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    Juan C. Suárez

    2008-11-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: comparar el tratamiento convencional del retinoblastoma bilateral, usado hasta hace algunos años, consistente en radioterapia o enucleación bilateral, con el tratamiento conservador actual que incluye termoterapia transpupilar (TTT o TTT/quimioterapia al menos en un ojo, en niños con diagnóstico de retinoblastoma bilateral. DISEÑO: estudio retrospectivo descriptivo. MUESTRA: 20 pacientes con diagnóstico de retinoblastoma bilateral que consultaron al Hospital Universitario San Vicente de Paúl, de Medellín, Colombia, entre 1997 y 2007. MÉTODO: se hizo enucleación del ojo con el tumor de mayor tamaño. En el otro ojo se hizo tratamiento con TTT, con el láser diodo (810 nm, spot amplio, solo o combinado con otras terapias. RESULTADOS: se dividió a los pacientes en dos grupos: 16 pacientes (32 ojos en el grupo 1 tratados conservadoramente y 4 pacientes (8 ojos en el grupo 2 con tratamiento convencional. El rango de edad fue de 1-72 meses en el grupo 1 y de 1-12 meses en el grupo 2. El tiempo de seguimiento fue de 7-67 meses para el grupo 1 y de 13-73 meses para el grupo 2. En el grupo 1 se hizo enucleación de 16 ojos (50%, radioterapia externa de uno (3,1%, quimioterapia más termoterapia de 5 (15,6% y quimioterapia más termoterapia más crioterapia de 10 (31,3%. En todos los pacientes se logró preservar al menos un ojo. En el grupo 2, se enuclearon 7 ojos (87,5% y se hizo radioterapia externa más enucleación en un paciente (12.5%. Además, todos los pacientes recibieron quimioterapia. CONCLUSIÓN: la terapia conservadora actual consistente en tratamiento local (termoterapia, crioterapia o braquiterapia y quimiorreducción permite preservar al menos un ojo y en algunos casos de los dos, muchas veces con buena agudeza visual, en niños con retinoblastoma bilateral; se evitan así la enucleación bilateral y la radioterapia externa usada en el tratamiento convencional con todos sus efectos secundarios. La enucleación contin

  3. Parafuso de massa lateral do atlas para fixação da coluna cervical superior: resultados cirúrgicos Tornillos de masa lateral del atlas para la fijación de la columna cervical superior: resultados quirúrgicos Lateral mass screws of the atlas for upper cervical spine fixation: surgical results

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    Enrico Ghizoni

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Apresentar os resultados cirúrgicos de uma série de casos de estabilização da coluna cervical superior com o uso de parafusos de massa lateral do atlas. MÉTODOS: Avaliação retrospectiva dos resultados cirúrgicos de pacientes submetidos à estabilização da coluna cervical superior com o uso de parafusos de massa lateral do atlas. RESULTADOS: Seis pacientes foram operados durante o período de janeiro de 2009 a abril de 2010, quatro homens e duas mulheres. Não houve morbidade permanente ou morbidade nessa série de casos. A principal causa de instabilidade atlanto-axial foi trauma e houve apenas um caso de fratura patológica do odontoide por metástase de próstata. A fixação do áxis foi obtida com o uso de três diferentes técnicas de parafusos (pars, pedicular e de lâmina, com igual distribuição entre os pacientes. CONCLUSÃO: O uso de parafusos na massa lateral do atlas é uma importante técnica para se obter estabilidade e fusão na coluna cervical superior, e com o conhecimento da anatomia e da técnica cirúrgica, bons resultados podem ser atingidos.OBJETIVOS: presentar los resultados quirúrgicos de una serie de casos de estabilización con el uso de tornillos de masa lateral del atlas. MÉTODOS: evaluación retrospectiva de los resultados quirúrgicos de los pacientes sometidos a estabilización de la columna cervical superior con el uso de tornillos de masa lateral del atlas. RESULTADOS: Seis pacientes operados entre enero 2009 y abril 2010, siendo cuatro hombres y dos mujeres. No hubo mortalidad o morbilidad grave en esta serie. La principal causa de inestabilidad atlantoaxial fue traumática con apenas un caso de fractura patológica del odontoide por una metástasis de tumor de próstata. Fijación del axis fue alcanzada con el uso de tres diferentes técnicas (pars, pedicular, laminar, con dos casos cada una. Conclusión: el uso de tornillos de masa lateral en el atlas es una importante técnica para

  4. Láser helio-neón combinado con clorhexidina al 0,2 %.: Efectos clínicos y microbiológicos en el tratamiento de la gingivitis crónica Helium-neon laser combined with 0.2% chlorhexidine: Clinical and microbiological effects in the treatment of chronic gingivitis.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tatiana Peña Ruiz

    2007-09-01

    Full Text Available La gingivitis crónica constituye una de las formas más frecuentes de enfermedad periodontal, caracterizada por la inflamación crónica de la encías, tumefacción, enrojecimiento y sangramiento. Su principal factor de riesgo lo constituye la microbiota del surco gingival, que resulta necesario, pero no suficiente para desencadenarla. Se realizó un ensayo clínico-terapéutico fase II, controlado, aleatorizado y a simple ciegas, para evaluar los efectos clínicos y microbiológicos del tratamiento combinado de la radiación láser helio-neón (He-Ne con la clorhexidina al 0,2 %. Todos los pacientes recibieron tratamiento inicial; al mes de finalizado este, se distribuyeron aleatoriamente en 2 grupos: un grupo estudio que recibió la combinación láser-neón y clorhexidina al 0,2 % y otro grupo control que solo recibió clorhexidina al 0,2 %. Se realizó una evaluación a los 15, 30 y 45 días, con criterios de eficacia clínicos y microbiológicos. Los resultados clínicos fueron satisfactorios en el grupo estudio con predominio de los morfotipos I, caracterizados por cocos gramnegativos y positivos, compatibles con un periodonto sano. Los eventos adversos detectados con esta terapéutica fueron mínimos, todos relacionados con la somnolencia.Chronic gingivitis is one of the most common periodontal diseases that is characterized by chronic inflammation, tumefaction, redness and bleeding. The main risk factor is gingival sulcus microbiota that is essential but not enough to unleash it. A phase II controlled randomized blind clinical/therapeutical assay was conducted to evaluate the clinical and microbiological effects of the combined treatment based on helium-neon laser (He-Ne with 0.2% chlorhexidine. All the patients were initially treated; after a month, they were randomly distributed into two groups, that is, the study group received a helium-neon laser plus 0.2% chlorhexidine combination and the control group was treated with 0

  5. Factores de riesgo para cáncer cervicouterino en mujeres de Zacatecas Risk factors for cervical cancer in women from Zacatecas, Mexico

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    Maura Sara Castañeda-Iñiguez

    1998-07-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo. Conocer las características sociodemográficas reproductivas y de conducta sexual de las usuarias del Programa de Prevención y Control del Cáncer Cervicouterino e identificar los factores de riesgo para dicha patología. Material y métodos. Se hizo un estudio de casos y controles en usuarias del Programa de Prevención y Control del Cáncer Cervicouterino en Zacatecas; los casos fueron todas aquellas pacientes con diagnóstico corroborado por histopatología de displasia severa, cáncer in situ e invasor (251 en total, referidas a la Clínica de Displasias (dependiente del mismo programa, durante el bienio 1993-1995. Los controles se seleccionaron aleatoriamente de entre la población con citología exfoliativa negativa y que era usuaria de dicho programa. Se seleccionó un control por caso, y se le pareó por edad y por la fecha en que se realizó la citología del caso. Resultados. El riesgo de neoplasia cervical aumentó con el número de gestaciones (RM 5.2, IC95% 2.6-10.5 para aquellas mujeres con más de 12 gestaciones en relación con las que tenían menos de tres. Por otra parte, el riesgo de neoplasia cervical se incrementa en la medida en que aumentan los partos. Así, las mujeres que tuvieron 12 o más partos corren un riesgo cinco veces superior que aquellas que dieron a luz menos de tres veces (RM 5.1, IC95% 2.4-11.0. El inicio de las relaciones sexuales en edad temprana está asociado al riesgo de neoplasia cervical; así, las mujeres que postergaron el inicio de sus relaciones sexuales hasta después de los 19 años tuvieron dos veces menos riesgo que quienes comenzaron antes de los 15 años. El uso de anticonceptivos hormonales aumentó el riesgo de cáncer cervical en relación con las mujeres que utilizaron anticonceptivos no hormonales (RM 1.9, IC 95% 1.3-3.4. Conclusiones. El estudio de factores de riesgo para neoplasia cervical en la población usuaria del programa de prevención y control mostró que las

  6. Human papillomavirus genotypes in women with cervical cytological abnormalities from an area with high incidence of cervical cancer Genotipos de virus papiloma humano en mujeres con alteraciones citológicas cervicales de un área con alta incidencia de cáncer cervical

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    Gerardo Daniel Deluca

    2004-02-01

    Full Text Available It has been well demonstrated the relationship between the infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPVs genotypes and cervical cancer. In Northeastern Argentina a high incidence of this pathology has been described and therefore a high prevalence of HPV infection is expected. In order to identify HPV genotypes associated with malignant and pre-malignant cervical lesions present in the area, 53 ecto-endo cervical cell specimens obtained from women with cytohistological alterations were studied by a PCR-RFLP technique. Out of 53 patients, 34 (64.2% were positive for HPV infection, being HPV-16 (32.3% the most frequently found genotype, followed by HPV-58 (14.7%, -6, -18 and -45 (5.9%, -33, -52, -53, -54, -56, -66, -MM4 and -LVX100 (2.9%. Also 5 cases of infection caused by multiple genotypes were found, which corresponded to 14.7% of the positive cases. Results indicate that besides HPV-16 and -18, the most prevalent high-risk HPV genotypes worldwide, others like -45 and -58 as well as co-infection cases are frequent between women of Northeastern Argentina, and a particular attention should be paid to this circumstance because it could be an epidemiological feature of regional importance and a useful information for a future vaccination program.La relación entre la infección por los virus papiloma humanos (HPVs de alto riesgo y el cáncer de cuello de útero ha sido bien demostrada. En el Nordeste de Argentina se observa una alta incidencia de esta patología y en consecuencia se estima una alta prevalencia de infección por HPV. A fin de identificar los genotipos de HPV presentes en el área, asociados a casos de lesiones malignas y premalignas de cuello de útero, se estudiaron 53 muestras ecto-endo cervicales de mujeres con alteraciones citohistológicas residentes permanentes de las ciudades de Resistencia y Corrientes. De las 53 pacientes estudiadas, 34 resultaron positivas para HPV (64.2%, correspondiendo la mayor frecuencia a HPV

  7. Inmovilización cervical selectiva en el paciente politraumatizado consciente

    OpenAIRE

    Cantero Garacochea, Itziar

    2014-01-01

    En los últimos años ha aparecido una importante controversia acerca del manejo de la inmovilización cervical del paciente adulto politraumatizado consciente. Es de suma importancia un manejo adecuado de la inmovilización de éstos pacientes con el fin de evitar lesiones secundarias. Para su análisis se ha llevado a cabo una revisión bibliográfica. Se han encontrado varios estudios que proponen diferentes algoritmos de decisión para valorar la necesidad de la inmovilización cervical en ...

  8. Acceso a la información de mujeres con VPH, displasia y cáncer cervical in situ Access to information by women with HPV, cervical dysplasia and cancer in situ

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    Ma del Carmen Castro-Vásquez

    2010-06-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Presentar un análisis relacional de cómo mujeres diagnosticadas con el virus del papiloma humano (VPH, displasia del cuello del útero o neoplasias del cuello uterino, reciben y/o acceden a la información y cómo la viven en sus relaciones cercanas. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: En 2008 se realizaron 34 entrevistas cualitativas a mujeres en dos clínicas de colposcopía de la Secretaría de Salud, en Hermosillo, Sonora. El análisis se basó en la teoría fundamentada. RESULTADOS: Existe una franca analogía entre cáncer cervicouterino (CaCu y muerte, una amplia desinformación sobre VPH y displasias y una práctica persistente entre los médicos de no ofrecer información oportuna y clara a las pacientes. Existe una apreciación estigmatizante hacia la infección por VPH que afecta las relaciones cercanas de las mujeres. CONCLUSIÓN: A pesar de la necesidad de las pacientes de obtener información, no la exigen al médico, lo que contribuye a su desconfianza y angustia.OBJECTIVE: To present a relational analysis of how women who are diagnosed with the human papilloma virus (HPV, cervical dysplasia or cervical neoplasia receive or seek information, and how they experience this process within their immediate relationships. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 2008, 34 qualitative interviews were carried out with women at two Secretary of Health colposcopy clinics in Hermosillo, Sonora. Analysis was based on grounded theory. RESULTS: There is a patent analogy between cervical cancer and death, much disinformation about HPV and dysplasias, and a persistent lack of timely and clear information given to patients by doctors. There is a stigma attached to HPV infection which affects women's immediate relationships. CONCLUSION: Despite patients' need to obtain information, they do not demand it from their doctor, which contributes to their anguish and distrust.

  9. Lateral cervical puncture for cervical myelography

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Seol, Hae Young; Cha, Sang Hoon; Kim, Yoon Hwan; Suh, Won Hyuck

    1985-01-01

    Eleven cervical myelograms were performed by lateral cervical puncture using Metrizamide. So, following results were obtained: 1. Site of lateral cervical puncture; Posterior one third of bony cervical canal at C 1-2 level. 2. Advantages as compared with lumbar puncture for cervical myelograms; 1) Small amount of contrast media 2) Excellent image 3) Less position charge 4) Short time 5) Well visualization of superior margin of obstructive lesion in spinal canal 3. Cessation of lateral cervical puncture, when; 1) Pain during injection of contrast media 2) Localized collection of contrast media

  10. Lateral cervical puncture for cervical myelography

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Seol, Hae Young; Cha, Sang Hoon; Kim, Yoon Hwan; Suh, Won Hyuck [Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

    1985-12-15

    Eleven cervical myelograms were performed by lateral cervical puncture using Metrizamide. So, following results were obtained: 1. Site of lateral cervical puncture; Posterior one third of bony cervical canal at C 1-2 level. 2. Advantages as compared with lumbar puncture for cervical myelograms; 1) Small amount of contrast media 2) Excellent image 3) Less position charge 4) Short time 5) Well visualization of superior margin of obstructive lesion in spinal canal 3. Cessation of lateral cervical puncture, when; 1) Pain during injection of contrast media 2) Localized collection of contrast media.

  11. Expression of Tissue factor in Adenocarcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix: Implications for immunotherapy with hI-con1, a factor VII-IgGFc chimeric protein targeting tissue factor

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cocco, Emiliano; Azodi, Masoud; Schwartz, Peter E; Rutherford, Thomas J; Pecorelli, Sergio; Lockwood, Charles J; Santin, Alessandro D; Varughese, Joyce; Buza, Natalia; Bellone, Stefania; Glasgow, Michelle; Bellone, Marta; Todeschini, Paola; Carrara, Luisa; Silasi, Dan-Arin

    2011-01-01

    Cervical cancer continues to be an important worldwide health problem for women. Up to 35% of patients who are diagnosed with and appropriately treated for cervical cancer will recur and treatment results are poor for recurrent disease. Given these sobering statistics, development of novel therapies for cervical cancer remains a high priority. We evaluated the expression of Tissue Factor (TF) in cervical cancer and the potential of hI-con1, an antibody-like-molecule targeted against TF, as a novel form of immunotherapy against multiple primary cervical carcinoma cell lines with squamous- and adenocarcinoma histology. Because TF is a transmembrane receptor for coagulation factor VII/VIIa (fVII), in this study we evaluated the in vitro expression of TF in cervical carcinoma cell lines by immunohistochemistry (IHC), real time-PCR (qRT-PCR) and flow cytometry. Sensitivity to hI-con1-dependent cell-mediated-cytotoxicity (IDCC) was evaluated in 5-hrs- 51 chromium-release-assays against cervical cancer cell lines in vitro. Cytoplasmic and/or membrane TF expression was observed in 8 out of 8 (100%) of the tumor tissues tested by IHC and in 100% (11 out of 11) of the cervical carcinoma cell lines tested by real-time-PCR and flow cytometry but not in normal cervical keratinocytes (p = 0.0023 qRT-PCR; p = 0.0042 flow cytometry). All primary cervical cancer cell lines tested overexpressing TF, regardless of their histology, were highly sensitive to IDCC (mean killing ± SD, 56.2% ± 15.9%, range, 32.4%-76.9%, p < 0.001), while negligible cytotoxicity was seen in the absence of hI-con1 or in the presence of rituximab-control-antibody. Low doses of interleukin-2 further increased the cytotoxic effect induced by hI-con1 (p = 0.025) while human serum did not significantly decrease IDCC against cervical cancer cell lines (p = 0.597). TF is highly expressed in squamous and adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix. hI-con1 induces strong cytotoxicity against primary cervical cancer cell

  12. Estratificación de riesgo en la insuficiencia aórtica grave asintomática: ¿cómo podemos identificar a los pacientes con evolución adversa?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan Krauss

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available AntecedentesNo está determinado cómo se evalúa el riesgo en la insuficiencia aórtica (IA grave asintomática, dado que no hay consenso acerca de qué variables deben considerarse para predecir una evolución más adversa.ObjetivoEvaluar un score que incorpore variables clínicas y ecocardiográficas para identificar a pacientes con IA grave susceptibles de peor evolución.Material y métodosSe evaluaron 294 pacientes consecutivos con IA grave asintomáticos (edad media: 63 ± 7 años; 71% sexo masculino y fracción de eyección del VI [FEVI]: 64% ± 5%. Se elaboró un score basado sobre: l diámetro de fin de sístole > 24 mm/m2; 2 diámetro de fin de diástole > 36 mm/m2; 3 área del orificio regurgitante efectivo (AORE > 60 mm2; 4 diámetro de la raíz aórtica (DRA > 45 mm; 5 edad > 70 años y 6 cambio de la FEVI de reposo al ejercicio (ΔFEVI > 5%.Los puntos finales fueron: 1 sobrevida a largo plazo, 2 presencia de síntomas en el seguimiento, 3 caída de la FEVI > 5% y/o 4 cirugía valvular. El rango total del score fue de 6,5. El punto final primario fue combinado (muerte, síntomas y/o disfunción VI.ResultadosDurante un seguimiento promedio de 6,7 ± 4,2 años, 14 de 294 pacientes (4,8% fallecieron: 5 por muerte súbita, 5 por falla de bomba congestiva y 4 de causa no cardíaca. Durante el seguimiento, 88 pacientes (30% presentaron síntomas, 105 (36% disminución de la FEVI > 5% y 109 (37% fueron operados. Ciento doce (39% pacientes desarrollaron el punto final combinado.La tasa de eventos combinados (muerte, síntomas y/o caída de la FEVI con un score 3 fue del 73% ± 9%.La curva operador-receptor (ROC discriminó bien los eventos en relación con el score de riesgo: área bajo la curva de 0,93.A su vez, la tasa de cirugía valvular fue del 29% ±5% con score 3. La curva ROC discriminó bien la relación del score con la indicación de cirugía valvular: área bajo la curva de 0,96.ConclusiónEn pacientes con insuficiencia a

  13. Alternative analysis to increase the power in combined-cycle power plants; Analisis de alternativas para el incremento de potencia en plantas termoelectricas de Ciclo Combinado

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Pacheco Cruz, Hector; Arriola Medellin, Alejandro M. [Gerencia de Procesos Termicos, Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)]. E-mail: hpacheco@iie.org.mx; aarriola@iie.org.mx

    2010-11-15

    The electricity industry traditionally had two thermodynamic cycles for power generation: conventional steam turbine (Rankine cycle) used to supply a base load during the day, and gas turbines (Brayton cycle), for its speed response, normally used to cover peak loads. However, to provide variable peak loads, the gas turbine, as a volumetric machine is affected by the change in air density by changing the combustion temperature. This paper shows the scheme of integration of both systems, that it's known as combined cycle and the different options that would have these power plants, to maintain or increase their power in variable ambient conditions. It analyzes different options, such as: 1. Supplementary fire in the stove. 2. Air cooling intake in the gas turbine (evaporation system or mechanical system). 3. Steam injection in the combustion chamber. [Spanish] La industria electrica tradicionalmente a contado con dos ciclos termodinamicos para generacion electrica: las turbinas convencionales de vapor (ciclo de Rankine) se utilizan para suministrar una carga base durante el dia, y las turbinas de gas (ciclo de Brayton), por su rapidez de respuesta, se utilizan normalmente para cubrir las cargas pico. Sin embargo, para suministrar las cargas variables pico, la turbina a gas, por ser una maquina volumetrica, se ve afectada por el cambio de la densidad del aire de combustion al cambiar la temperatura ambiente. En este trabajo se muestra el esquema de integracion de ambos sistemas, en lo que se conoce como ciclo combinado y las diferentes opciones que tendrian estas plantas de generacion electrica para mantener o incrementar su potencia en condiciones ambiente variable. Para ello se analizan diferentes opciones, tales como: 1.- Combustion suplementaria en el recuperador de calor. 2.- Enfriamiento del aire de admision a la turbina de gas (mediante un sistema de evaporacion o mediante un sistema mecanico). 3.- Inyeccion de vapor a la camara de combustion. Palabras

  14. Orbitectomía en monobloque en un paciente con sarcoma neurogénico de la órbita

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    Franklyn Alain Abreu Perdomo

    Full Text Available El sarcoma neurogénico es un tumor maligno que se origina en las células de Schwann de la vaina del revestimiento de los nervios periféricos y son poco frecuentes en la órbita. Se presenta un paciente de 23 años de edad, masculino, blanco, con antecedentes de neurofibromatosis tipo I, con desplazamiento anteroinferior del globo ocular izquierdo, dolor intenso y pérdida de la visión de 4 meses de evolución. Al examen oftalmológico se constató proptosis severa con descenso del globo ocular izquierdo, oftalmoplejia total, quemosis severa, hiperemia, opacidad corneal y aumento de volumen del párpado superior. En los estudios imagenológicos se evidenció lesión tumoral que ocupaba la totalidad del compartimiento orbitario sin infiltración de sus paredes óseas y con desplazamiento del globo ocular por fuera del reborde orbitario. Se realizó un abordaje quirúrgico combinado, y se logró una orbitectomía en monobloque con resección total del tumor y reconstrucción con colgajo rotado de músculo temporal ipsilateral. El estudio histopatológico informó la presencia de un sarcoma neurogénico de la órbita y se complementó con tratamiento adyuvante con radioterapia. El paciente se mantuvo controlado durante un año y a partir de esta fecha comenzó la aparición secuencial de varias lesiones a distancia.

  15. Cervical carcinogenesis: the role of co-factors and generation of reactive oxygen species Carcinogénesis cervical: co-factores y antioxidantes

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    Anna Giuliano

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available Several HPV co-factors have been proposed, some more or less consistently associated with cervical dysplasia and cancer risk. More research, using prospective cohort designs, is needed to further describe where in carcinogenesis these factors are working and to assess the biological mechanism of these factors. In addition, further research is needed to define the role of various hormonal contraceptive formulations in promoting cervical carcinogenesis. While many interesting scientific questions remain to be answered, results from the numerous epidemiological studies conducted to date indicate that cervical dysplasia and cancer may be reduced if the oxidant antioxidant ratio is shifted to more of and antioxidant profile. In addition to cervical cancer screening, a reduction in cervical cancer incidence may be accomplished by reducing tobacco use, increasing nutritional status, and utilizing barrier contraception to prevent infection with other sexually acquired infections.Diversos co-factores de riesgo han sido asociados consistentemente con displasia cervical y cáncer invasor. Es necesario un mayor número de investigaciones que utilicen diseños de cohorte prospectivos para describir el proceso de carcinogénesis y el mecanismo biológico de cada uno de estos factores. Adicionalmente, futuras investigaciones serán necesarias para definir el papel de los anticonceptivos hormonales en la promoción de la carcinogénesis cervical. Mientras que muchas preguntas científicas interesantes permanecen sin ser respondidas, resultados de numerosos estudios epidemiológicos que se desarrollan actualmente, indican que la displasia cervical y cáncer podrán ser reducidos si la tasa de oxidantes-antioxidantes es cambiada a más de un perfil antioxidante. Además de la detección oportuna de cáncer cervical, puede lograrse una reducción de la incidencia de esta enfermedad disminuyendo el consumo de tabaco, incrementando el estatus nutricional, y

  16. Lesiones traumáticas del raquis cervical superior

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    Esteban Roig Fabré

    2003-06-01

    Full Text Available Se efectúa un análisis acerca de las lesiones del raquis cervical superior. Se estudiaron 30 pacientes atendidos en el Servicio de Neurocirugía del Hospital Universitario "General Calixto García", que constituyen el universo de casos que acudió con este tipo de lesión, en el período comprendido entre septiembre de 1996 y septiembre de 1999. Se describen características sociodemográficas, clínicas e imagenológicas de los pacientes. El síntoma dominante por excelencia fue el dolor occipito-cervical, y en la mayoría de los enfermos quedó intacto el funcionamiento neurológico. Se discuten los resultados y se ofrecen recomendaciones con vistas a contribuir a una utilización más eficiente de los recursos imagenológicos en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de estas afeccionesAn analysis is made about the injuries of the upper cervical rachis. The 30 patients with this type of injury that received attention at the Neurosurgery Service of "General Calixto García" Teaching Hospital from September, 1996, to September, 1999, were included in the study. Sociodemographic, clinical and imgaing features of the patients are described. The predominant symptom was occipitocervical pain and in most of the patients the neurological functioning was intact. The results were discussed and recommendations were made to contribute to a more efficient use of the imaging resources in the diagnosis and treatment of these affections

  17. Desarrollo de técnicas combinadas de secado para la obtención de duraznos deshidratados con bajo contenido de sulfitos

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    URFALINO, D.P.

    2011-08-01

    Full Text Available En el deshidratado de durazno, la aplicación de dióxido de azufre (SO2 juega un importante rol por su efecto antioxidante y conservante. Sin embargo el SO2 y los sulfitos presentan efectos indeseados en la salud de los consumidores: reducen la asimilación de la vitamina B1 y pueden provocar dolores de cabeza crónicos, alteraciones en la memoria y constricciones bronquiales (mayormente en personas asmáticas. Los alimentos tratados con sulfitos son la principal fuente de ingesta del SO2, siendo difícil su reducción o sustitución por el consecuente cambio en las propiedades sensoriales de los mismos, sobre todo en color y sabor. Así, los consumidores podrían rechazar dichas alternativas, a pesar de que éstas pudieran considerarse más saludables. El presente trabajo tuvo por objetivo lograr un producto con bajos contenidos de SO2 a través deldesarrollo de nuevos métodos de procesado e inactivación enzimática sin perder de vista su calidad. Como primera alternativa se evaluó la aplicación de microondas y escaldado con agua caliente como métodos deinactivación de la polifenoloxidasa y la peroxidasa. Por otro lado, se evaluó el deshidratado osmótico combinado con secado convectivo, comparándolo con el secado convectivo tradicional. Como parámetros de calidad en los productos finales se utilizó la velocidad de deshidratado, el color y el contenido residual de sulfitos. Los métodos de inactivación enzimática ensayados no presentaron diferencias significativas, mientras que la combinación de deshidratado osmótico con secado convectivo presentó ventajas respecto al secado convectivo tradicional, logrando un producto con un contenido significativamente menor de sulfitos, excelentecolor y mejores características organolépticas que los productos tradicionales (mayor volumen, mejor palatabilidad. Si bien el secado tradicional presentó tiempos de proceso totales menores al secado combinado, la calidad del producto final

  18. Impacto de la asesoría sobre anticoncepción en la selección de métodos hormonales combinados en Colombia

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    Pío Gómez Sánchez

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Determinar el impacto de la asesoría anticonceptiva informada sobre la elección de método anticonceptivo. MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo multicéntrico de evaluación antes y después en nueve ciudades de Colombia. Se invitó a participar mujeres que consideraban usar métodos hormonales combinados de autoadministración al momento de la consulta. Se indagó sobre el uso y preferencia de método anticonceptivo, previa firma del consentimiento informado. En una etapa posterior, se brindó asesoría médica estandarizada en anticoncepción y, a continuación, se preguntó nuevamente por la preferencia de método anticonceptivo y las motivaciones para su elección. RESULTADOS: Ingresaron 858 mujeres al estudio. Al inicio del estudio, 538 (62,7% mujeres usaban píldora combinada y 281 (32,8% no utilizaban ningún método anticonceptivo. Antes de recibir asesoría, las mujeres mostraron una preferencia por la píldora (62,7%, seguida por el anillo intravaginal (28,4% y el parche transdérmico (14%. Luego de la asesoría, la preferencia fue la siguiente: píldora (40,8%, anillo intravaginal (31,5% y parche transdérmico (11,3%. También luego de la asesoría, 32,5 %, 26,8% y 7,5% de las que consideraban usar píldora, parche y anillo, respectivamente, cambiaron su intención de uso. La región de origen, el estatus laboral, el deseo de concebir un hijo en el futuro y tener una relación estable presentaron una relación estadística con la selección del método, pero la edad, el número de hijos o el grado de escolaridad no fueron factores determinantes. CONCLUSIONES: La asesoría médica tiene impacto en la selección del anticonceptivo hormonal combinado autoadministrado, lo que ayuda a las mujeres a utilizar el método de su preferencia y presentar una mejor adherencia al método acorde a sus condiciones particulares.

  19. Análisis multifactorial de varianza del desempeño de un jobshop dinámico con due dates basado en regresión múltiple

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    Marcos Neira Rodriguez

    2008-04-01

    Full Text Available Se realiza un análisis de varianza mult1factorial del desempeño global de un sistema de producción tipo taller con centros de trabajo de multicapacidad (flexible jobshop , considerando los factores regla de despacho , balance de centros de trabajo y proporción de due dates fijados externamente . El desempeño del sistema, observado mediante simulación, se evalúa a través de una medida que pondera el atraso absoluto y el tiempo de flujo. Los due dates son fijados internamente a través de regresión lineal múltiple. Los resultados estadísticos muestran que los tres factores son significativos en el desempeño del sistema, y que en escenarios donde ambas medidas tienen igual ponderación, si los due dates son fijados internamente FIFO y SPT produ­ cen mejores resultados, mientras que en presencia de due dates fijados externamente . EDD combinado con FIFO (EDD combinado con TWKR es la mejor alternativa para el caso balan­ ceado (desbalanceado . A multifactorial analysis of variance of the performance of a jobshop like production system with multicapacity (flexiblejobshop is realized,by considering the factors dispatching rule, workstation capacity balance and proportion of due dates setting done externally. The system performance , observed by simulation, is evaluated by a measure that weight the absolute lateness and the flow time. Due dates setting is done intemally by multiple linear regression.The results shows that the three factors are significant with respect to the system performance, and in scenarios in which both measures are equally weighted, if the due dates setting is done intemally FIFO and SPT produces better results, while in presence of externally due date setting, EDD combined with FIFO (EDD combined with TWKR is the better alternative for the balanced (unbalanced case.

  20. Síndrome de Brown-Séquard por hérnia discal cervical a duplo nível: caso clínico e revisão da literatura Síndrome de Brown-Séquard por hernia discal cervical en nivel doble: caso clínico y revisión de la literatura Brown-Séquard syndrome by double level cervical disc herniation: case report and review of the literature

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    Jorge Miguel Silva Ribeiro Olliveira Alves

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available Descrição do caso clínico de um paciente com síndrome de Brown-Séquard por hérnia de disco cervical em duplo nível, 40 anos, do sexo masculino, sem história de patologia prévia da coluna cervical; teve início insidioso de paresia nos membros direitos, associada à diminuição da sensibilidade dolorosa e térmica do hemicorpo esquerdo, após mergulho que ocasionou trauma indireto da coluna cervical. A RM da coluna cervical mostrou hérnias discais paramedianas direitas nos níveis C4-C5 e C5-C6 com compressão da metade direita do cordão medular e hiperintensidade em T2. Foi realizada descompressão por via anterior e artrodese dos níveis afetados. O paciente recuperou-se parcialmente dos déficits neurológicos, após um longo programa de reabilitação funcional. O tratamento cirúrgico e um programa de reabilitação precoce são da maior importância para a recuperação neurológica de paciente com síndrome de Brown-Séquard por hérnia de disco cervical.Descripción del caso clínico de un paciente con síndrome de Brown-Séquard por hernia de disco cervical en nivel doble, 40 años, del sexo masculino, sin historial de patología previa de la columna cervical; tuvo inicio insidioso de paresia en los miembros derechos, vinculada con la disminución de la sensibilidad dolorosa y térmica del hemicuerpo izquierdo, después de zambullida que ocasionó traumatismo indirecto de la columna vertebral. La RM de la columna cervical mostró hernias discales paramedianas derechas, en los niveles C4-C5 y C5-C6, con compresión de la mitad derecha del cordón medular e hiperintensidad en T2. Se realizó descompresión por vía anterior y artrodesis de los niveles afectados. El paciente se recuperó, parcialmente, de los déficits neurológicos, después de un programa prolongado de rehabilitación funcional. El tratamiento quirúrgico y un programa de rehabilitación precoz son de máxima importancia para la recuperación neurológica del

  1. Estudio sobre el aprendizaje y efectividad de la intubación orotraqueal en paciente con inestabilidad cervical a través de mascarilla Fastrach versus videolaringoscopia McGrath mediante curvas CuSum en modelo simulado SImMan

    OpenAIRE

    José María Sistac Ballarin

    2016-01-01

    Objetivos: Evaluar el aprendizaje de la intubación en condiciones simuladas de paciente con inestabilidad cervical, comparando los resultados y curvas de aprendizaje de la intubación a ciegas a través de mascarilla Fastrach versus la intubación con el videolaringoscopio (VL) McGrath, mediante el método de CuSum. Material y métodos: Participaron cuatro médicos residentes de Anestesiología, dos de 2.° año y dos de 4.°año, y dos médicos adjuntos de Anestesiología. El estudio se realizó en el ...

  2. Uso do bloqueio combinado raqui-peridural durante cirurgia de cólon em paciente de alto risco: relato de caso Uso del bloqueo combinado raquiepidural durante cirugía de colon en paciente de alto riesgo: relato de caso Combined spinal epidural anesthesia during colon surgery in a high-risk patient: case report

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luiz Eduardo Imbelloni

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O bloqueio combinado raqui-peridural (BCRP oferece vantagens sobre a anestesia peridural ou subaracnóidea com injeção única. O objetivo deste relato foi apresentar um caso onde a anestesia subaracnóidea segmentar pode ser técnica efetiva para intervenção cirúrgica gastrintestinal com respiração espontânea. RELATO DO CASO: Paciente estado físico ASA III, diabetes mellitus tipo II, com hipertensão arterial sistêmica e doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica, foi escalada para ressecção de tumor de cólon direito. O BCRP foi realizado no interespaço T5 - T6 e foram injetados 8 mg de bupivacaína a 0,5% isobárica acrescida de 50 µg de morfina no espaço subaracnóideo. O cateter peridural (20G foi introduzido quatro centímetros em direção cefálica. Foi obtida sedação com doses fracionadas de 1 mg de midazolam (total de 6 mg. Bupivacaína a 0,5% foi administrada em bolus de 25 mg através do cateter duas horas após a anestesia subaracnóidea. Não houve necessidade de vasopressor nem atropina. CONCLUSÕES: Este caso proporciona evidências de que a raquianestesia segmentar pode ser uma técnica anestésica para operação gastrintestinal com respiração espontânea.JUSTIFICATIVA Y OBJETIVOS: El bloqueo combinado raquiepidural (BCRE, tiene ventajas sobre la anestesia epidural o subaracnoidea con inyección única. El objetivo de este relato, fue presentar un caso donde la anestesia subaracnoidea segmentaria, puede ser una técnica efectiva para la intervención quirúrgica gastrointestinal con respiración espontánea. RELATO DEL CASO: Paciente estado físico ASA III, diabetes mellitus tipo II, con hipertensión arterial sistémica y enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica, que fue indicada para la resección del tumor de colon derecho. El BCRE se realizó en el interespacio T5 - T6, y se inyectaron 8 mg de bupivacaína a 0,5% isobárica con 50 µg más de morfina en el espacio subaracnoideo. El cat

  3. Ciclo combinado Diesel-Vapor como repotenciación de una central termoeléctrica: caso de estudio; Combined Cycle Diesel-Steam as Power Plant Repowering: study case

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    Alberto Eduardo Calvo González

    2015-04-01

    Full Text Available La necesidad imperiosa de cubrir el déficit de generación eléctrica ampliando el potencial de generación con motores diesel a fuel oíl, cuya instalación requiere de muy poco tiempo, es una solución adecuada. La idea de aprovechar los nodos del sistema electro energético, como son las subestaciones y las centrales eléctricas, para instalar los grupos electrógenos es una solución apropiada. Pero en el caso de una central termoeléctrica, al montar estas instalaciones de forma independiente, no se aprovechan las posibilidades que la combinación de procesos ofrece como la disminución del consumo de combustible, y de la contaminación ambiental por unidad de energía producida. El presente trabajo explora la posibilidad de instalar plantas eléctricas diesel a fuel oil como ciclo combinado diesel-vapor. Se demuestra la conveniencia de instalar plantas eléctricas diesel a fuel oil como ciclo combinado diesel-vapor, aprovechando la sinergia que se logra por la combinación de los procesos térmicos.  The pressing need of covering generation deficit to satisfy the demand in the shorter possible time, by enlarging the generation potential with fuel oil fueled diesel motors, it’s an appropriate solution. The idea of taking advantage of electric grid existent nodes facilities to place the generating electricity diesel motors is a non-unwise solution. But in the case of the node of steam power station place these motors in an independent way, don't take advantage of the possibilities that the processes combination offers, as the combined cycle diesel vapor for example. The work presented herein explored and showed the possibility of installing the electric diesel plants as a repowering the existing steam power plant by combined cycle diesel-steam taking advantage of the synergy achieved by thermal processes combination.

  4. Ciclo combinado Diesel-Vapor como repotenciación de una central termoeléctrica: caso de estudio; Combined Cycle Diesel-Steam as Power Plant Repowering: study case

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alberto Eduardo Calvo González

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available La necesidad imperiosa de cubrir el déficit de generación eléctrica ampliando el potencial de generación con motores diesel a fuel oíl, cuya instalación requiere de muy poco tiempo, es una solución adecuada. La idea de aprovechar los nodos del sistema electro energético, como son las subestaciones y las centrales eléctricas, para instalar los grupos electrógenos es una solución apropiada. Pero en el caso de una central termoeléctrica, al montar estas instalaciones de forma independiente, no se aprovechan las posibilidades que la combinación de procesos ofrece como la disminución del consumo de combustible, y de la contaminación ambiental por unidad de energía producida. El presente trabajo explora la posibilidad de instalar plantas eléctricas diesel a fuel oil como ciclo combinado diesel-vapor. Se demuestra la conveniencia de instalar plantas eléctricas diesel a fuel oil como ciclo combinado diesel-vapor, aprovechando la sinergia que se logra por la combinación de los procesos térmicos. The pressing need of covering generation deficit to satisfy the demand in the shorter possible time, by enlarging the generation potential with fuel oil fueled diesel motors, it’s an appropriate solution. The idea of taking advantage of electric grid existent nodes facilities to place the generating electricity diesel motors is a non-unwise solution. But in the case of the node of steam power station place these motors in an independent way, don't take advantage of the possibilities that the processes combination offers, as the combined cycle diesel vapor for example. The work presented herein explored and showed the possibility of installing the electric diesel plants as a repowering the existing steam power plant by combined cycle diesel-steam taking advantage of the synergy achieved by thermal processes combination.

  5. AVALIAÇÃO DO DESEMPENHO DOS SISTEMAS GPS E GLONASS NO POSICIONAMENTO POR PONTO PRECISO, COMBINADOS E INDIVIDUALMENTE.

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    Bruno Guimarães Ventorim

    Full Text Available Este trabalho visa avaliar o desempenho dos sistemas GLONASS (Global'naya Navigatsionnay Sputnikovaya Sistema, GPS (Global Positioning System e o uso combinado de ambos sistemas em diferentes latitudes, utilizando o serviço de Posicionamento por Ponto Preciso CSRS-PPP. Para isso foram selecionadas 16 estações da rede IGS (International GNSS Service, das quais foram utilizados os dados GNSS no formato RINEX do mês de agosto de 2014 e editados no TEQC (Translation, Editing, and Quality Check, obtendo arquivos com intervalos de 30 e 45 minutos, contendo apenas dados GPS, dados GLONASS e dados dos dois sistemas. As coordenadas estimadas no CSRS-PPP foram comparadas com as coordenadas de referência obtidas no sítio do ITRF (International Terrestrial Reference Frame, possibilitando o cálculo da acurácia do PPP com uso de dados GPS e GLONASS, separadamente e em conjunto. Após o cálculo das acurácias para cada dia de agosto, outliers foram detectados e eliminados utilizando o método boxplot com o uso do programa R. Verificou-se que o uso combinado do GPS e GLONASS, para todos as estações, proporcionou resultados mais acurados. Além disso, pode-se destacar a potencialidade do GLONASS, que apresentou desempenho superior ao do GPS na maioria das estações.

  6. Resultados de un análisis combinado en el Falsacionismo Metodológico

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    Enrique César Paz

    2013-11-01

    Full Text Available Existe un problema cuando cierta clase de sentencia judicial pecuniariamente condenatoria no se ejecuta luego de su dictado de manera inmediata sino que transcurre, como es normal, un largo tiempo, hasta que por fin logra ser cumplida. Durante ese período -que transcurre desde que la sentencia es dictada hasta que por fin la misma es cumplida- el poder adquisitivo de compra de bienes y servicios que representa el monto dinerario establecido al momento de dictar la sentencia sufre variaciones en más o en menos, según hablemos de deflación o inflación. Por lo tanto, no será lo mismo para ninguna de la partes (actor y demandado que la sentencia se cumpla al momento de ser dictada que luego de, por ejemplo, 5 años. Destaco las razones por las cuales debe garantizarse el mantenimiento incólume del contenido económico de la sentencia y lograrse, además, el reconocimiento de una rentabilidad real razonable a favor de la persona que fue privada de su capital (actor durante el período que medió entre el dictado de la sentencia y el cumplimiento de la misma. Con el fin de lograr cumplimentar dichos objetivos busco un mecanismo adecuado, valiéndome de las herramientas de la matemática financiera, formulando hipótesis y refutándolas, hasta hallar al mecanismo correcto, en el cual distingo la “constante” de la “variable”. Demuestro las falencias que reflejan los sistemas que se aplican en la actualidad, y creo diversos niveles de eficacia de dichas sentencias, entre otras conclusiones y propuestas que logro desarrollar. Abordo el trabajo utilizado el “falsacionismo metodológico”, y me baso en la elemental relación entre la matemática financiera y esta clase de sentencias judiciales, relación que justifica el análisis combinado desarrollado en el presente trabajo. 

  7. Simulador interativo de estabilidade de usinas termelÃtricas de ciclo combinado para projetos, pesquisa e treinamento

    OpenAIRE

    Gabriel Josà Alves dos Santos

    2012-01-01

    Neste trabalho foi desenvolvido o estudo e as aplicaÃÃes das condiÃÃes de estabilidade na operaÃÃo do sistema elÃtrico de potÃncia incorporado em um simulador interativo de usinas termelÃtricas de ciclo combinado, que permita melhorar os processos de treinamento e, consequentemente, o nÃvel de qualidade dos futuros operadores e mantenedores de usinas termelÃtricas, bem como manter atualizados os atuais operadores. Um pequeno conjunto de definiÃÃes e conceitos das Ãreas de âestabilidade, confi...

  8. Modificaciones del plano sagital cervical luego del tratamiento quirúrgico posterior en la escoliosis idiopática del adolescente Lenke 1. [Changes­ in­ the ­cervical ­alignment­ after­ posterior ­transpedicular­ instrumentation­ in ­Lenke ­type ­1.

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    Sebastian Solsona

    2014-08-01

    Full Text Available In­tro­duc­ción: Como la cifosis torácica y la lordosis cervical son directamente proporcionales, las modificaciones del plano sagital torácico impactarían sobre la columna cervical. Nuestro objetivo fue detectar cambios en el plano sagital cervical, a corto y mediano plazo, durante el tratamiento quirúrgico según una técnica posterior. Materiales ­y ­Métodos:­ Estudio retrospectivo radiográfico de tipo serie de casos, entre enero de 2005 y abril de 2009. Criterios de inclusión: escoliosis idiopática del adolescente Lenke 1, tratamiento por vía posterior con tornillos transpediculares. Seguimiento mínimo 2 años. Parámetros analizados: nivel Cobb, nivel de instrumentación proximal, densidad de implantes, lordosis cervical, cifosis torácica proximal, cifosis torácica principal, inclinación sagital T1, balance sagital global, balance sagital cervical. Análisis estadístico mediante ANOVA de muestras repetitivas y Tukey, con el programa Graph-Pad-Prism. Resultados: 25 pacientes. Seguimiento promedio 4,3 años. Cifosis torácica: media preoperatoria 26,8º, posoperatoria 20,6º. Efecto lordotizante después del tratamiento quirúrgico (p ≤0,001. La inclinación sagital T1 y la cifosis proximal T2-T5 (p ≤0,038 mostraron un incremento hacia el último control. El 72% presentaba rectificación o cifosis cervical antes de la cirugía. El 44% experimentó una mejoría hacia el último control. Los niveles de artrodesis más altos se correlacionaron con los casos que empeoraron su contorno sagital posoperatorio. Conclusiones:­ Nuestra técnica de corrección generó un efecto lordotizante torácico. Esto se tradujo, a mediano plazo, en un incremento de la retropulsión del tronco y rectificación o pérdida de la lordosis a nivel cervical.

  9. Cervical Cap

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Videos for Educators Search English Español The Cervical Cap KidsHealth / For Teens / The Cervical Cap What's in ... Call the Doctor? Print What Is a Cervical Cap? A cervical cap is a small cup made ...

  10. Correlación clínico patológica del cáncer cervical y precursores en una población de Lima periférica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Victoria Valer

    2005-06-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia y los factores de riesgo del cáncer cervical y sus precursores en un grupo poblacional, con especial énfasis en el manejo de la enfermedad cervical preinvasiva. Diseño: Estudio prospectivo y descriptivo no aleatorio. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio realizado durante el año 2003, en mujeres del Centro de Salud de Piedra Liza (San Juan de Lurigancho en 120 pacientes con diagnóstico citológico de ASC, AGC, L-SIL, H-SIL y carcinoma; se realizó biopsia de las lesiones cervicales en 49 casos, para confirmar el diagnóstico citológico y correlacionarlo con el cuadro clínico y la colposcopia. Resultados: De los 120 casos de estudio citológico, 14 (11,5% fueron ASC; 67 (56% L-SIL, 34 (29% H-SIL, 3 (2,5% carcinoma escamoso y 2 (2% adenocarcinoma. De 49 biopsias, 12 casos fueron L-SIL, 32 H-SIL, 3 carcinoma escamoso invasor y 2 adenocarcinoma cervical, uno de ellos in situ. Conclusiones: Los resultados citológicos muestran que las lesiones escamosas intraepiteliales y el carcinoma cervical tuvieron alta prevalencia en este grupo poblacional.

  11. Diffuse control of gas turbines in power stations of combined cycle; Contral difuso de turbinas de gas en centrales de ciclo combinado

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Sanchez P, Marino; Garduno R, Raul; De Lara J, Salvadror; Castelo C, Luis [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)

    2001-07-01

    In this article the application of the technology of the fuzzy logic to the control of gas turbines is presented in order to evaluate it in one of the most difficult processes and with stricter control requirements that exist in the electrical generation industry. For being important for the generation electrical sector, given their use in Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE), the first selected prototype was the gas turbines model W501 of Westinghouse, installed in the of combined cycle power stations of Dos Bocas, Veracruz, Gomez Palacio, Durango and Tula, Hidalgo, Mexico. The second selected prototype was the one of the turbo gas units type 5001 (that applies to the GE 5001 models and Westinghouse of series 191 and 251). Based on the analysis of the performance of the system of conventional control previously made, the controllers of speed and generation of electrical power were selected to be replaced by diffuse controllers. [Spanish] En este articulo se presenta la aplicacion de la tecnologia de la logica difusa al control de turbinas de gas con el proposito de evaluarla en uno de los procesos mas dificiles y con requerimientos mas estrictos de control que existen en la industria de generacion electrica. Por ser importantes para el sector electrico de generacion, dada su utilizacion en Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE), el primer prototipo seleccionado fueron las turbinas de gas modelo W501 de Westinghouse, instaladas en la central de ciclo combinado de Dos Bocas, Veracruz, Gomez Palacio, Durango y Tula, Hidalgo, Mexico. El segundo prototipo seleccionado fue el de unidades turbogas tipo 5001 (que aplica a los modelos GE 5001 y Westinghouse de la serie 191 y 251). Basados en el analisis del desempeno del sistema de control convencional realizado previamente, los controladores de velocidad y de generacion de potencia electrica fueron seleccionados para ser sustituidos por controladores difusos.

  12. Asociación de infección por Chlamydia trachomatis con el diagnóstico de cervicitis aguda

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Angélica Lorena Castillo Gutiérrez

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available Sra. Editora: Las infecciones de transmisión sexual se consideran un problema de salud pública en el mundo debido a su creciente incidencia y elevada morbimortalidad. Las infecciones por Chlamydia trachomatis son las más comunes y costosas de las enfermedades de transmisión sexual bacterianas. En los estudios llevados a cabo en diferentes países se han encontrado prevalencias de C. trachomatis entre 1.7% y 25%, siendo más alta en la población menor de 25 años. La infección por clamidia genital causa cervicitis y salpingitis en mujeres, y uretritis y conjuntivitis tanto en hombres como en mujeres. Sin embargo, las infecciones por clamidia suelen producir pocos o ningún síntoma (en aproximadamente el 70% de las mujeres y el 50% de los hombres y pueden permanecer sin ser detectadas y sin tratamiento. Si no se trata, esta infección de transmisión sexual puede progresar y causar complicaciones con graves consecuencias sobre la salud reproductiva de las mujeres, incluida la enfermedad inflamatoria pélvica (EPI que puede conducir al embarazo ectópico y a la infertilidad de las trompas.

  13. Características sociodemográficas de mujeres peruanas con virus papiloma humano detectado por PCR-RFLP

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yasser Sullcahuaman-Allende

    Full Text Available Con el objetivo de determinar las características sociodemográficas del virus de pacientes con papiloma humano (VPH referidas al Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas (INEN durante los años 2012-2014, se realizó la detección del VPH en células cervicales por reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR. En 465 muestras cervicales se detectaron 151 (32,5% casos de VPH positivas. Los genotipos más frecuentes fueron VPH-16 (23,8% y VPH-6 (11,9%. La presencia de VPH fue mayor en mujeres de 17 a 29 años (OR 2,64, IC 95%:1,14-6,13 y solteras (OR 2,31, IC 95%: 1,37-3,91, la presencia de genotipos de VPH de alto riesgo fue mayor en solteras (OR 2,19, IC 95%: 1,04-4,62. En conclusión, mujeres jóvenes y solteras presentaron mayor frecuencia de casos VPH-positivos a quienes se debe enfatizar la participación en programas de tamizaje con métodos moleculares y citológicos combinados, a fin de detectar oportunamente el riesgo de desarrollar cáncer de cuello uterino

  14. MODELADO DE LA CINÉTICA DE SECADO DE MANGO PRE-TRATADAS CON DESHIDRATACIÓN OSMÓTICA Y MICROONDAS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    MARIBEL GARCÍA-PATERNINA

    Full Text Available La aplicación de tecnologías complementarias como la deshidratación osmótica y microondas como pre-tratamientos al secado convencional contribuye al desarrollo de nuevos productos y favorece la disminución de los cambios físico-químicos y organolépticos en el mango. El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de la deshidratación osmótica con una solución a 65°Brix de 37 a 40°C por 60 min, tratamiento con microondas a 560 W por 7 min y combinado como pre-tratamientos al secado de hojuelas de mango a 70°C en una estufa tipo bandeja y al sol. Las muestras de mango con 11 a 14°Brix y humedad del 80% fueron dimensionadas a 1x1x0,4 cm. La pérdida de peso y el tiempo de secado en los pre-tratados presentaron diferencias significativas (p0,99 se ajustó para el secado sin pre-tratamiento y el modelo de Vermet et al. (R²>0,99 para los pre-tratados. La De ff para microondas y secado en estufa fue mayor. Las hojuelas de mango pre-tratadas con deshidratación osmótica fueron las que mejor conservaron la apariencia de las hojuelas de mango

  15. Short-term risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grades 2 and 3 for women with normal cytology and human papillomavirus infection Riesgo a corto plazo de lesiones intraepiteliales cervicales grados 2 y 3 en mujeres con citología vaginal normal e infección por el virus del papiloma humano

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gustavo Hernández-Suárez

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVE. To assess the risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grades 2, 3 or higher (CIN 2/3+ for women with normal cytology and concurrent high-risk human papillomavirus infection (HR-HPV. MATERIAL AND METHODS. We examined 2 200 women every 6 months for an average of 9 years. Cervical smears and samples for HPV DNA were obtained at each visit. Absolute risk of subsequent CIN2/CIN3+ was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS. The absolute risk of CIN2/CIN3+ among HR-HPV-positive women with normal Pap smear results was 1.06% (95%CI, 0.57-2.20, 5 times higher the risk among all women with normal Pap smears (0.20%; 95%CI, 0.12-0.32 but 7 times lower than that for women with HR-HPV infection and LSIL (7.24%; 95%CI, 3.78-15.2. CONCLUSION. Short-term absolute risk of CIN2/3+ after a normal Pap smear with concurrent HR-HPV infection is low (~1%, suggesting that the HR-HPV test has limited utility in short-term clinical decision-making for women with normal cytology.OBJETIVO. Evaluar el riesgo a corto plazo de neoplasia intraepitelial cervical de alto grado (CIN2/CIN3+ en mujeres con citologí-a cervicouterina normal e infección por virus del papiloma humano de alto riesgo (HR-HPV. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS. Cohorte prospectiva de 2200 mujeres evaluadas cada seis meses durante 9 años en promedio. En cada visita se tomó muestra cervical para extendido y detección de HPV DNA. El riesgo absoluto de CIN2/CIN3+ a la siguiente visita fue calculado utilizando el método de Kaplan-Meier. RESULTADOS. En mujeres con citologí-a normal e infección concomitante por HR-HPV el riesgo absoluto de presentar CIN2/CIN3+ fue de 1.06% (95%CI, 0.57-2.20. Este riesgo fue cinco veces mayor al observado en todas las mujeres con citologí-a normal (0.20%; 95%CI, 0.12-0.32 pero siete veces menor que el observado en mujeres con lesiones intraepiteliales escamosas de bajo grado con infección concomitante (7.24%; 95%CI, 3.78-15.2. CONCLUSIÓN. El riesgo absoluto de

  16. Calidad de melón cantaloupe ( Cucumis melo cubierto con una película comestible de alginato - hpmc - parafina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ma Concepción Reyes-Avalos

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Introducción : El melón es un fruto que tiene un corto periodo de almacenamiento. Una alternativa para extender este periodo es el uso de películas comestibles. En el presente estudio se evaluó el efecto de la aplicación de una película comestible de alginato de sodio - hidroxipropilmetilcelulosa - parafina (ALG - HPMC - PAR, sobre la calidad de melón Cantaloupe durante dos tipos de almacenamiento. Método : Frutos de melón Cantaloupe se cubrieron con una película comestible de alginato - hidroxipropilmetil celulosa - parafina (ALG - HPMC - PAR, y no cubiertos (CONTROL. Los melones se almacenaron por 21 días a 5ºC y 95% de humedad relativa (Hr. Cada siete días, los frutos se sometieron a análisis de índice de daños por frío, pérdida de peso, textura, y concentración de CO 2 y etileno d e la atmósfera interna del fruto. Además, para simular manejo comercial, al término de cada periodo de siete días en refrigeración, una muestra de melones era extraída del frigorífico y expuesta a condiciones ambientales de temperatura y humedad relativa ( 25ºC y 21 - 25% respectivamente durante tres días (almacenamiento combinado, y medidos los parámetros anteriormente mencionados. Resultados : La aplicación de la película comestible provocó que los frutos cubiertos tuvieran una mayor concentración de CO 2 y menor concentración de etileno en la atmósfera interna del fruto, contribuyendo a que los melones cubiertos mantuvieron su calidad por un mayor tiempo de almacenamiento, manteniéndose más firmes, con menor pérdida de peso y sufrir menor índice de daños por frío con respecto los frutos control. Discusión : Los resultados demuestran la factibilidad de la aplicación de películas comestibles para mantener la calidad del melón Cantaloupe almacenado en refrigeración y en almacenamiento combinado.

  17. Cervical spinal canal narrowing and cervical neurologi-cal injuries

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    ZHANG Ling

    2012-04-01

    Full Text Available 【Abstract】Cervical spinal canal narrowing can lead to injury of the spinal cord and neurological symptoms in-cluding neck pain, headache, weakness and parasthesisas. According to previous and recent clinical researches, we investigated the geometric parameters of normal cervical spinal canal including the sagittal and transverse diameters as well as Torg ratio. The mean sagittal diameter of cervical spinal canal at C 1 to C 7 ranges from 15.33 mm to 20.46 mm, the mean transverse diameter at the same levels ranges from 24.45 mm to 27.00 mm and the mean value of Torg ratio is 0.96. With respect to narrow cervical spinal canal, the following charaterstics are found: firstly, extension of the cervical spine results in statistically significant stenosis as compared with the flexed or neutral positions; secondly, females sustain cervical spinal canal narrowing more easily than males; finally, the consistent narrowest cervical canal level is at C 4 for all ethnicity, but there is a slight variation in the sagittal diameter of cervical spinal stenosis (≤14 mm in Whites, ≤ 12 mm in Japanese, ≤13.7 mm in Chinese. Narrow sagittal cervical canal diameter brings about an increased risk of neurological injuries in traumatic, degenerative and inflam-matory conditions and is related with extension of cervical spine, gender, as well as ethnicity. It is hoped that this re-view will be helpful in diagnosing spinal cord and neuro-logical injuries with the geometric parameters of cervical spine in the future. Key words: Spinal cord injuries; Spinal stenosis; Trauma, nervous system

  18. CRECIMIENTO DE Cedrela odorata L. BIOFERTILIZADA CON Rhizophagus intraradices y Azospirillum brasilense EN VIVERO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan F. Aguirre-Medina

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Cedrela odorata L. es una especie que se distingue por la calidad de su madera. El cedro esta - blecido en campo debe adaptarse a cambios en disponibilidad de recursos; la sobrevivivencia es mayor cuando el sistema radical se asocia con microorganismos que mejoran la nutrición y crecimiento. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de Rhizophagus intraradi - ces y Azospirillum brasilense sobre el crecimiento de C. odorata y la capacidad de absorción de nitrógeno (N y fósforo (P. Las semillas de cedro se sembraron en macetas de acuerdo con los siguientes trata - mientos: testigo, fertilización 15 N -15 P -15 K , R. intraradices , A. brasilense , R. intraradices + A. brasilense , y R. intraradices + A. brasilense + fertilización 15 N -15 P -15 K . Las variables morfológicas y fisiológicas de rendimiento y la colonización radical se registraron cada 28 días, y los contenidos de N y P, al final del experimento (140 días. En general, R. intraradices promovió mayor crecimiento vegetal ( P ≤ 0.05 de los componentes morfológicos y fisiológicos del rendimiento. La altura máxima (97 cm se registró en las plantas con R. intraradices + A. brasilense + fertilización 15 N -15 P -15 K , representando 40 % más altura que el testigo. El N y P incrementaron con la inoculación de los microorganismos solos y combinados.

  19. Iliac crest autograft versus alternative constructs for anterior cervical spine surgery: Pros, cons, and costs

    Science.gov (United States)

    Epstein, Nancy E.

    2012-01-01

    Background: Grafting choices available for performing anterior cervical diskectomy/fusion (ACDF) procedures have become a major concern for spinal surgeons, and their institutions. The “gold standard”, iliac crest autograft, may still be the best and least expensive grafting option; it deserves to be reassessed along with the pros, cons, and costs for alternative grafts/spacers. Methods: Although single or multilevel ACDF have utilized iliac crest autograft for decades, the implant industry now offers multiple alternative grafting and spacer devices; (allografts, cages, polyether-etherketone (PEEK) amongst others). While most studies have focused on fusion rates and clinical outcomes following ACDF, few have analyzed the “value-added” of these various constructs (e.g. safety/efficacy, risks/complications, costs). Results: The majority of studies document 95%-100% fusion rates when iliac crest autograft is utilized to perform single level ACDF (X-ray or CT confirmed at 6-12 postoperative months). Although many allograft studies similarly quote 90%-100% fusion rates (X-ray alone confirmed at 6-12 postoperative months), a recent “post hoc analysis of data from a prospective multicenter trial” (Riew KD et. al., CSRS Abstract Dec. 2011; unpublished) revealed a much higher delayed fusion rate using allografts at one year 55.7%, 2 years 87%, and four years 92%. Conclusion: Iliac crest autograft utilized for single or multilevel ACDF is associated with the highest fusion, lowest complication rates, and significantly lower costs compared with allograft, cages, PEEK, or other grafts. As spinal surgeons and institutions become more cost conscious, we will have to account for the “value added” of these increasingly expensive graft constructs. PMID:22905321

  20. Gasification integrated to combined cycles; Gasificacion integrada a ciclos combinados

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Fernandez M, Manuel F; Alcaraz C, Agustin M [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)

    2001-07-01

    de metales. Finalmente, en los nuevos esquemas de refinacion del petroleo se preve utilizar la coquizacion para aprovechar mejor el ondo de barril. El residuo producto de este proceso, conocido como coque de refineria, tiene un bajo valor comercial, un poder calorifico elevado y un alto contenido de azufre y metales. La gasificacion ha sido desarrollada en las ultimas dos decadas, en los paises altamente industrializados, como una alternativa para la generacion eficiente y limpia de electricidad a partir de combustibles sucios, asi como para la obtencion de ciertos combustibles en lugares donde no se tiene acceso al petroleo, pero si al carbon. Esta tecnologia cumple los reglamentos mas estrictos del mundo en lo que a emisiones contaminantes se refiere y es la unica solucion, junto a los lechos fluidizados, para los problemas que presentan algunos combustibles que son dificiles de quemar con tecnologias convencionales, como el carbon mineral, el coque de petroleo e incluso los residuos liquidos de la refinacion. Con base en los anterior, es posible pensar en la integracion de esta tecnologia a una planta de ciclo combinado para la generacion de electricidad o a una refineria generando vapor, energia electrica, hidrogeno y otros insumos a un costo competitivo, de manera tal que se resuelven los problemas de manejo y almacenamiento de los residuos; por otro lado se maximiza el aprovechamiento de los recursos energeticos primarios en el pais.

  1. Epidemiología de la infección cervical por virus Papiloma humano en Ushuaia: Argentina Cervical infection epidemiology of human papillomavirus in Ushuaia: Argentina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    C. C. Sijvarger

    2006-03-01

    Full Text Available El virus Papiloma humano (HPV es un factor necesario para el desarrollo del cáncer cervical. El objetivo del estudio fue conocer la epidemiología de dicha infección en Ushuaia, Provincia de Tierra del Fuego, Argentina. Se realizó un estudio de caso-control de 132 cepillados endocervicales. La detección y tipificación del genoma viral fue realizada por la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa, con posterior análisis de polimorfismos de fragmentos de restricción o hibridación. La prevalencia general de la infección fue 41%, correspondiendo 26% a los controles y 71% a los casos. El grupo etario con mayor prevalencia de HPV fue el de 14 a 24 años. Los tipos virales más frecuentes en la población infectada fueron HPV16 (23%, HPV18 (11% y HPV33/35 (8% cada uno, resultando infectados con tipos virales de alto riesgo el 30% de las muestras, 16% de los controles y 60% de los casos. El trabajo aporta los primeros datos sobre los tipos virales predominantes en Ushuaia. Los resultados demostraron una prevalencia menor que en regiones con alta incidencia de cáncer cervical, siendo el HPV16 el más frecuente. La información obtenida permitiría estimar la efectividad de las vacunas en vías de aprobación, en la población estudiada.Genital infection with human papillomavirus (HPV is decisive in the causation of cervical cancer. In order to evaluate the epidemiology of HPV infection in Ushuaia, Province of Tierra del Fuego, Argentina, 132 endocervical cytobrushes from preneoplastic and neoplastic cases and controls were studied. Detection and typing of the viral genome was performed by polymerase chain reaction, combined with a restriction fragment length polymorphism assay or hybridization. The overall prevalence of HPV infection was 41% in the population examined, with a frequency of 26% in the controls and 71% in the cases under study. The 14-24 age group showed the highest HPV prevalence. The most common viral types in the infected

  2. Cervical Cancer

    Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

    2007-03-06

    Did you know that cervical cancer rates differ by race/ethnicity and region? Or that cervical cancer can usually be prevented if precancerous cervical lesions are found by a Pap test and treated? Find out how getting regular Pap tests can save a woman's life.  Created: 3/6/2007 by National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program.   Date Released: 4/25/2007.

  3. Parto distócico asociado a luxo-fractura cervical y compromiso neurológico. Reporte de 4 casos.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gaston Eljure

    2015-04-01

    La estabilización y descompresión quirúrgica es la mejor alternativa de tratamiento en pacientes con luxo-fractura cervical, a fin de conservar e incluso mejorar la recuperación neurológica. Además permite un mejor manejo de las co-morbilidades que acompañan al recién nacido con déficit neurológico severo.

  4. Características clínico-patológicas y sobrevida en mujeres jóvenes con cáncer cervical: análisis retrospectivo del Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rossana Ruiz

    Full Text Available Objetivos. Determinar las características clínicas, histológicas y los factores pronósticos del cáncer cervical (CC en pacientes jóvenes peruanas. Materiales y métodos. Análisis retrospectivo de pacientes de 35 años de edad o menos diagnosticadas con CC entre el 2008 y el 2012 en el Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas. Resultados. 449 pacientes tenían neoplasias epiteliales. Los tipos histológicos principales fueron: carcinoma de células escamosas (84,9%, adenocarcinoma (11,0% y carcinoma adenoescamoso (2,4%. El tamaño tumoral promedio fue 4,98 cm. También se identificó anemia (55,7%, creatinina elevada (21,2% e hidronefrosis (13,8%. El 82,3% de los pacientes presentaron enfermedad localmente avanzada. Los estadios IIB (47,4% y IIIB (25,8% fueron los más comunes. La supervivencia global a 5 años fue de 59,5% (I, 90,9%; II, 57,5%; III, 42,7% y IV, 13,3%. La creatinina elevada, la anemia, el tamaño tumoral, el compromiso parametrial y la hidronefrosis fueron factores que afectaron la supervivencia. No se encontró relación significativa entre el tipo histológico y la supervivencia. La presencia de anemia (Hazard Ratio ajustado [HRa]: 2,5; intervalo de confianza al 95% [IC 95%]: 1,6-4,0 y la hidronefrosis (HRa: 1,6; IC 95%: 1,0-4,0 estuvieron independientemente asociados con la supervivencia; asimismo, el compromiso parametrial con (HRa: 3,3; IC 95%: 1,57,2 o sin (HRa: 2,6; IC 95%: 1,3-5,3 extensión al hueso pélvico. Conclusiones. El cáncer cervical en jóvenes peruanas es diagnosticado en estadios avanzados. La supervivencia global en cada estadio es similar a la reportada en pacientes mayores. Se confirmó la importancia de los factores convencionales relacionados con el pronóstico. La anemia fue un factor de pronóstico independiente importante que requiere mayores investigaciones.

  5. Technological tendencies for the development and implementation of fault tolerant active controls in combined cycle power plants; Tendencias tecnologicas para el desarrollo e implantacion de controles activos tolerantes a fallas en centrales de ciclo combinado

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Sanchez P, Marino; Verde R, Cristina [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)

    2006-07-01

    This document proposes a methodology that reunites support tools for the operator of a Combined Cycle Generating Power Station allowing him to identify and to classify gas turbine faults, it also reunites some tools for the generation of action advices in the decision making on the operation maneuvers necessary to counteract the effects caused by faults. We are talking about a system implemented in a power station with the reconfiguration of processes and fault arrangement capacities. For this purpose, the line of exhibition delimits first the existing knowledge on automatic control and operations supervision systems in a CCPP and immediately emphasizes the cracks of the system to let pass to the fault tolerant active control system that will detect faults of the gas and steam turbo-generators of a Combined Cycle Generating Power Plant. [Spanish] El presente documento propone una metodologia que reuna herramientas de ayuda al operador de una Central Generadora de Electricidad de Ciclo Combinado para permitirle la identificacion y clasificacion de fallas en las turbinas de gas, asi como herramientas para la generacion de consejos de accion en la toma de decisiones sobre las maniobras de operacion necesarias para contrarrestar los efectos provocados por fallas. Se trata principalmente de un sistema implantado en una central con las capacidades de re-configuracion de procesos y acomodo de fallas. Para esto, la linea de exposicion delimita primero el conocimiento existente sobre sistemas automaticos de control y supervision de operacion en una CGCC y resalta enseguida las grietas del sistema para darle paso al sistema de control activo tolerante a fallas que detectara fallas de los turbogeneradores de gas y vapor de una Central Generadora de Electricidad de Ciclo Combinado.

  6. Does rehabilitation of cervical lordosis influence sagittal cervical spine flexion extension kinematics in cervical spondylotic radiculopathy subjects?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Moustafa, Ibrahim Moustafa; Diab, Aliaa Attiah Mohamed; Hegazy, Fatma A; Harrison, Deed E

    2017-01-01

    To test the hypothesis that improvement of cervical lordosis in cervical spondylotic radiculopathy (CSR) will improve cervical spine flexion and extension end range of motion kinematics in a population suffering from CSR. Thirty chronic lower CSR patients with cervical lordosis lordosis (p lordosis in the study group was associated with significant improvement in the translational and rotational motions of the lower cervical spine. This finding provides objective evidence that cervical flexion/extension is partially dependent on the posture and sagittal curve orientation. These findings are in agreement with several other reports in the literature; whereas ours is the first post treatment analysis identifying this relationship.

  7. 178. Linfoma cardíaco. Una neoplasia infrecuente

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    E. Sandoval

    2010-01-01

    Conclusiones: Los linfomas cardíacos son de alto grado de agresividad. La localización principal es la aurícula derecha, con clínica inespecífica y variable. No existe claro consenso sobre el tratamiento de elección, pero parece haber mayor supervivencia con tratamiento combinado con quimioterapia con antraciclínicos y radioterapia.

  8. Cervical Cap

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... giving birth vaginally, which means the cervical cap may not fit as well. Inconsistent or incorrect use of the cervical cap increases your risk of pregnancy. For example, you may get pregnant when using the cervical cap if: ...

  9. Tendencias e indicadores sociales de la mortalidad por cáncer de mama y cuello uterino: Antioquia, Colombia, 2000-2007 Trends and social indicators of both mortality breast cancer and cervical cancer in Antioquia, Colombia, 2000-2007

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Armando Baena

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Estimar tasas estandarizadas por edad (TEE de mortalidad por cáncer de mama y cérvix 2000-2007 y explorar indicadores sociales que expliquen la variabilidad de las tasas. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Las TEE de mortalidad se estimaron por el método directo y mediante regresión lineal se relacionaron con indicadores sociales por subregión. RESULTADOS: La TEE de cáncer de mama en Antioquia fue 11.3 por 100 000 mujeres-año y para cáncer cervical 9.1. En Medellín, la TEE de cáncer de mama fue 12.5, 1.8 veces la tasa de cáncer cervical. Se observó una disminución del cáncer cervical en Medellín (valor-p=0.03 entre 2000 y 2007, pero no en el resto de Antioquia. La mortalidad de cáncer cervical se relacionó con el porcentaje de miseria (valor-p=0.0003. CONCLUSIONES: La mortalidad por estas neoplasias ha permanecido constante en Antioquia, con una amplia variación de la mortalidad por cáncer cervical por subregión asociada con niveles de pobreza.OBJECTIVE: To estimate the mortality age-standardized rates (ASR for breast and cervical cancer from 2000-2007 and explore social indicators that explain the variability of rates in Antioquia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The ASR was estimated by the direct method and linear regression was used to relate social indicators with rates by subregion. RESULTS: Breast and cervical cancer mortality ASRs in Antioquia were 11.3 and 9.1 per 100 000 woman-years respectively. In Medellin, the breast cancer mortality ASR was 12.5, 1.8 times the rate of cervical cancer. A decrease of cervical cancer ASR between 2000 and 2007 was observed in Medellin (p-value=0.03 but not in the rest of Antioquia. Cervical cancer mortality ASR was related to the percentage of poverty (p-value=0.0003. CONCLUSIONS: Mortality due to these neoplasms has remained constant in Antioquia. The wide variation in mortality from cervical cancer between regions seems to be associated with poverty.

  10. La brecha digital de género en España y Europa: medición con indicadores compuestos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cecilia Castaño

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available En esta nota de investigación se presenta un sistema de indicadores compuestos diseñado para describir la brecha digital de género. Esta herramienta, denominada Sistema de Indicadores de Género y TIC (SIGTIC, entendemos que supone un avance en la medición y análisis de la situación diferenciada de mujeres y hombres en la Sociedad de la Información. Su aplicación permite: a hacer comparaciones inter-género, determinadas por el grado de e-igualdad; b realizar análisis intra-género, en función del grado de e-inclusión de cada sexo; y c contextualizar los resultados obtenidos con los correspondientes a 31 países europeos. Además, esa perspectiva analítica transnacional se concreta en unos rankings de países y su clasificación en cinco categorías en función del nivel de uso de TIC, combinado con el grado de igualdad de género existente.

  11. Exercício físico aeróbio, resistido e combinado: efeitos na pressão arterial em indivíduos hipertensos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Julia Spanhol da Silva

    2014-07-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: analisar possíveis efeitos na pressão arterial de três sujeitos hipertensos, a partir da aplicação de três tipos de exercícios: aeróbio, resistido e combinado. Método: o estudo de caso utilizou, como instrumento, equipamento manual de verificação de pressão arterial, monitor de frequência cardíaca Polar, ficha de anotações da pressão arterial e frequência cardíaca. Os sujeitos analisados realizaram as atividades em academia do município de Passo Fundo-RS. Resultados e considerações finais: na PAS e na PAD, o exercício que obteve efeito hipotensor foi o resistido e na FC, o treinamento que obteve melhor resposta hipotensora foi também o treino resistido, seguido do treinamento combinado, em que o treinamento aeróbio apenas diminuiu seus valores de desvio padrão. Para tanto, conclui-se que, para estes indivíduos participantes do estudo, o melhor treinamento e os melhores resultados foram alcançados pelo treinamento resistido.

  12. Terapia de bioestimulación con plasma rico en plaquetas para el envejecimiento cutáneo Bioestimulation technique with rich plasma in platelets for skin aging

    OpenAIRE

    HM Escobar

    2012-01-01

    La bioestimulación con plasma rico en plaquetas es una técnica ambulatoria para la prevención y manejo del envejecimiento cutáneo, se basa en la fisiología de la piel y funciona muy bien sola o dentro de un plan terapéutico combinado. El derivado de sangre autóloga estimula la producción de colágeno, elastina y tejido epidérmico, lo que se traduce en piel más tersa, luminosa y de mejor calidad. Son mínimos los riesgos de formación de hematomas, infección, transmisión de enfermedades o reaccio...

  13. Monitorización con potenciales evocados somatosensoriales durante la descompresión occipitocervical en un lactante con acondroplasia: reporte de un caso

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Diva Paola Ospino Arévalo

    2005-02-01

    Full Text Available Se revisa el caso de un paciente de ocho meses de edad, con acondroplasia y síntomas sugestivos de compresión cervicomedular. Los síntomas incluían convulsiones tónico-clónicas generalizadas, irritabilidad, episodios frecuentes de apnea, control cefálico nulo, flacidez generalizada, reflejos osteotendinosos abolidos y fontanela abombada. Los estudios radiológicos incluyeron tomografía computarizada (TC y resonancia magnética (RM que mostraron la compresión, y signos de mielopatía cervical crónica, esto último fue confirmado con estudio de potenciales evocados somatosensoriales (PESS preoperatorios del nervio mediano. Al paciente se le hicieron descompresión de la fosa posterior y laminectomía de C-1. La monitorización con PESS intraoperatorios continuos se usó para observar los cambios electrofisiológicos que se pueden presentar con la descompresión medular, y además para ayudar a determinar la extensión de la descompresión requerida.

  14. Cervical Myomas

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Adnexal Torsion Bartholin Gland Cysts Cervical Myomas Cervical Stenosis Endometriomas of the Vulva Inclusion and Epidermal Cysts of the Vulva Noncancerous Ovarian Growths Polyps of the Cervix Skene Duct Cyst Cervical myomas are smooth, benign tumors in the cervix. A myoma may bleed, ...

  15. Caracterización experimental y modelización de una enfriadora de absorción de simple/doble efecto de h2o-libr con accionamiento a dos temperaturas para climatización de edificios

    OpenAIRE

    Figueredo, Gustavo Raúl

    2012-01-01

    Durante la última década se produjo un enorme crecimiento de la implantación de la climatización de edificios, motivada por el aumento de los requerimientos de confort y de productividad de la población, entre otras causas. Los equipos de climatización más difundidos se accionan mediante energía eléctrica, lo que combinado con la gran simultaneidad de la demanda de climatización y su elevado consumo, provocan puntas de demanda de electricidad que sobrecargan las redes y frecuentement...

  16. EFEITOS DO TREINAMENTO COMBINADO SOBRE A FORÇA, RESISTÊNCIA E POTÊNCIA AERÓBICA EM IDOSAS

    OpenAIRE

    Guedes, Janesca Mansur; Bortoluzzi, Marília Guedes; Matte, Luciana Pauline; Andrade, Ciele Maria de; Zulpo, Nilciane Coppatti; Sebben, Vanessa; Tourinho Filho, Hugo

    2016-01-01

    RESUMO Introdução: O envelhecimento traz várias modificações, entre as quais o declínio progressivo das funções fisiológicas do organismo. Tanto o treino de força quanto um programa de resistência aeróbica são importantes para evitar o declínio funcional associado à idade. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos de um programa de treinamento combinado de força e resistência aeróbica sobre a força de preensão manual, a massa muscular, a resistência e potência aeróbica de idosas. Métodos: Trinta e cinc...

  17. Cervical Spondylosis and Hypertension

    Science.gov (United States)

    Peng, Baogan; Pang, Xiaodong; Li, Duanming; Yang, Hong

    2015-01-01

    Abstract Cervical spondylosis and hypertension are all common diseases, but the relationship between them has never been studied. Patients with cervical spondylosis are often accompanied with vertigo. Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion is an effective method of treatment for cervical spondylosis with cervical vertigo that is unresponsive to conservative therapy. We report 2 patients of cervical spondylosis with concomitant cervical vertigo and hypertension who were treated successfully with anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. Stimulation of sympathetic nerve fibers in pathologically degenerative disc could produce sympathetic excitation, and induce a sympathetic reflex to cause cervical vertigo and hypertension. In addition, chronic neck pain could contribute to hypertension development through sympathetic arousal and failure of normal homeostatic pain regulatory mechanisms. Cervical spondylosis may be one of the causes of secondary hypertension. Early treatment for resolution of symptoms of cervical spondylosis may have a beneficial impact on cardiovascular disease risk in patients with cervical spondylosis. PMID:25761188

  18. Cervical Cancer

    Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

    Did you know that cervical cancer rates differ by race/ethnicity and region? Or that cervical cancer can usually be prevented if precancerous cervical lesions are found by a Pap test and treated? Find out how getting regular Pap tests can save a woman's life.

  19. Cervical Vertigo(Vertigo)

    OpenAIRE

    本間, 隆夫; Homma, Takao

    1992-01-01

    Cervical vertigo was reviewed as to its mechanism, diagnosis and treatment, and nine cases which had operation done were briefly presented. Cervical vertigo has been seen occasionaly in the cases of cervical spondylosis, frequently in the cases of traumatic cervical syndrome. The mechanism is attributed to either vertebrobasilar insufficiency caused by compression on vertebral artery or irritation of poterior cervical sympathetic system. The diagnosis consists of reccurent vertigo attack with...

  20. Edad, escolarización y tareas de Fluencia Verbal para el screening de pacientes con Enfermedad de Alzheimer

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    Adriana Goñi Sarriés

    2015-10-01

    Full Text Available Introducción: Las pruebas de Fluencia Verbal (FV Semántica (FVS y Fonológica (FVF son muy empleadas en la práctica clínica. Disponer de diferentes pruebas alternativas que además tengan en cuenta el efecto de variables sociodemográficas mejorarían su uso como tests de cribado, permitiendo diferenciar a personas con y sin Enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA. Objetivos. Comparar la capacidad discriminativa de las tareas de FVS "cosas en una casa" y "alimentos" frente a la tarea "animales" entre pacientes con EA (n = 50 y sujetos sanos (n = 50; comparar el uso de los fonemas "P"-"M"-"R" como tarea alternativa y/o paralela a los fonemas "F"-"A"-"S"; y valorar el uso combinado de ambos tipos de tareas junto con el de variables sociodemográficas para la discriminación de pacientes con EA y sujetos sanos. Resultados: Tanto la categoría semántica como fonológica muestran resultados semejantes, una alta correlación, mantienen la validez de criterio y permiten su utilización de forma paralela. El modelo de predicción que logra discriminar correctamente al 91% de los sujetos evaluados es el que incluye las tareas "cosas en una casa", los fonemas "A" -"S" y las variables edad y años de escolarización. Conclusiones: La utilización paralela de pruebas de FVS y FVF, junto con variables sociodemográficas mejora la capacidad discriminativa de las pruebas de FV.

  1. Cervical Spondylosis and Hypertension

    OpenAIRE

    Peng, Baogan; Pang, Xiaodong; Li, Duanming; Yang, Hong

    2015-01-01

    Abstract Cervical spondylosis and hypertension are all common diseases, but the relationship between them has never been studied. Patients with cervical spondylosis are often accompanied with vertigo. Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion is an effective method of treatment for cervical spondylosis with cervical vertigo that is unresponsive to conservative therapy. We report 2 patients of cervical spondylosis with concomitant cervical vertigo and hypertension who were treated successfully w...

  2. Análise radiográfica do tratamento cirúrgico da fratura cervical baixa por via posterior Evaluación radiográfica de la fijación posterior de la fractura de la columna cervical baja Radiographic evaluation of the posterior fixation in the subaxial cervical spine injury

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nelson Astur Neto

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliação da evolução radiográfica da lesão da coluna vertebral cervical tratada pela fixação posterior isolada. MÉTODOS: De 2000 a 2008 foram selecionados 23 pacientes que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão do estudo. Eram masculinos 91,3% e a idade média foi de 34 anos e quatro meses. O tempo de seguimento médio foi de 82 meses. Foi avaliado no exame de imagem pré-operatório, pós-operatório imediato e após seis meses de evolução o tipo de implante, a consolidação da artrodese, se houve soltura do implante, perda de redução, cifose segmentar, degeneração de nível adjacente e pseudartrose. RESULTADOS: Em relação ao método de síntese, 60,8% dos pacientes foram submetidos ao amarrilho interespinhoso, 26% à placa com parafusos de massa lateral e 13% à barra com parafusos de massa lateral. Dos pacientes submetidos à fixação com parafusos, nenhum apresentou complicações radiográficas e 35,7% dos pacientes submetidos à artrodese com amarrilho interespinhoso tiveram complicação, sendo a mais frequente a cifose segmentar. CONCLUSÃO: As lesões da coluna cervical submetidas a artrodese com parafuso de massa lateral apresentaram uma evolução radiográfica melhor do que as submetidas a fixação com amarrilho interespinhoso, tendo este último apresentado maior incidência de complicações na artrodese.OBJETIVO: Evaluación de la evolución radiológica de la lesión de la columna cervical tratada con fijación posterior aislada. MÉTODOS: De 2000 a 2008, se seleccionaron 23 pacientes que cumplían los criterios de inclusión del estudio. 91,3% eran varones y la edad media fue de 34 años y cuatro meses. El período de seguimiento promedio fue 82 meses. Se evaluó, en los exámenes de imágenes antes de la cirugía, inmediatamente después de la operación y después de seis meses de evolución, el tipo de implante, la consolidación de la artrodesis, si había aflojamiento del implante, la p

  3. Colgajo miocutáneo de trapecio bilateral para reconstrucción de región cervical posterior

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    E. Moretti

    Full Text Available La cirugía reconstructiva para la resolución de defectos en la región cervical posterior y occipital muchas veces puede ser un verdadero desafío para los cirujanos plásticos. El colgajo miocutáneo de trapecio es una de las alternativas más utilizadas. En este artículo describimos una variante técnica del colgajo miocutáneo de trapecio basada en un diseño cutáneo bilateral en V-Y, para reconstruir defectos producidos por dehiscencia de heridas con fístula de líquido cefalorraquídeo en región cervical posterior de 2 pacientes de 52 y 72 años, intervenidos quirúrgicamente por hernia discal cervical. Logramos una cobertura total del defecto en ambos casos, con un exitoso aislamiento biológico proporcionado por la importante superficie y volumen brindados por el tercio medio de ambos músculos trapecios. No hubo sufrimiento de los colgajos ni se manifestaron alteraciones en la funcionalidad de los hombros en ambos casos. El cierre del avance en V-Y se hizo sin tensión. En conclusión, si bien existen distintas opciones para reconstruir la región posterior cervical y occipital, este nuevo diseño de colgajo miocutáneo de trapecio es una herramienta segura, de fácil ejecución, reproducible y que conserva la funcionalidad del hombro.

  4. Cervicitis

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... that does not go away: discharge may be gray, white or yellow in color Painful sexual intercourse ... Names Cervical inflammation; Inflammation - cervix Images Female reproductive anatomy Cervicitis Uterus References Eckert LO, Lentz GM. Infections ...

  5. ¿Psicoterapia, farmacoterapia o tratamiento combinado? Influencia de diferentes variables clínicas en la elección del tratamiento

    OpenAIRE

    Vanessa Ferreres; Josep Pena-Garijo; María Ballester Gil de Pareja; Silvia Edo; Iria Sanjurjo; Luisa Ysern

    2012-01-01

    Introducción: Se pretenden investigar las principales variables que influyen en la elección de las diferentes intervenciones terapéuticas en una Unidad de Salud Mental Pública Método: Estudio descriptivo sobre las historias clínicas de aquellos pacientes que iniciaron tratamiento durante el año 2008 en una USM de Castellón (N=413). Resultados: El tratamiento psicofarmacológico fue el más frecuentemente utilizado. La psicoterapia sola y el tratamiento combinado se utilizaron más frecuentemente...

  6. Composites con refuerzos naturales para aplicaciones en automoción y construcción

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gurmendi, U.

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available The assumption of the future exhaustion of the crude reserves world-wide and the increasing environmental concerns is leading to consider, more and more insistently, the use of regenerable raw materials for the design and development of new vehicle components. The main objective of this project consists on the evaluation of pine powder and corn powder as reinforcement for different PP resins. A compatilibization study has been defined and set-up in order to combine these two reinforcements with three different resins based on PP. A final material selection has been carried out to produce an automotive prototype part.

    La evidencia del agotamiento de las reservas de crudo a nivel mundial junto con el cumplimiento de exigencias medioambientales, cada vez más estrictas, llevan a considerar, cada vez en mayor escala, la necesidad de la utilización de materias primas renovables para el diseño y fabricación de nuevos componentes del vehículo. El objetivo principal de este trabajo se centra en la evaluación de materiales, como la harina de pino y la harina de maíz, para ser utilizados como elementos de refuerzo y ser combinados con diferentes matrices termoplásticas de polipropileno. La definición y puesta a punto de un proceso de compatibilización ha hecho posible la formulación de estas harinas con tres matrices comerciales de base PP. Una posterior selección de material se ha llevada a cabo con el fin de determinar los materiales para la fabricación de una pieza prototipo.

  7. Cost-effectiveness of conventional cytology and HPV DNA testing for cervical cancer screening in Colombia Costo-efectividad de la citología y la tamización con pruebas de ADN-VPH para cáncer de cuello uterino en Colombia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Oscar Andrés-Gamboa

    2008-08-01

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: To assess cost-effectiveness of conventional cytology and HPV DNA testing for cervical-cancer screening in Colombia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The National Cancer Institute of Colombia (NCIC in 2007 developed a Markov model on the natural history of cervical cancer; no screening, conventional cytology, and HPV DNA testing were compared. Only direct costs were used. Outcomes comprise cervical cancer mortality, years of life saved, and lifetime costs. Discounted incremental cost-effectiveness ratios were estimated and sensitivity analyses were conducted for key parameters. RESULTS: Depending on the screening strategy a 69-81% mortality reduction might be expected. The HPV DNA testing every five years is a cost-effective strategy (Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ICER: USD$44/YLS if the cost per test is under USD$31. The effectiveness was sensitive to coverage and primarily to follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: HPV DNA testing is a cost-effective alternative for screening in Colombia. Not only high coverage but high follow-up rates are critical for successful screening programs.OBJETIVO: evaluar el costo-efectividad de la citología convencional y la prueba de ADN-VPH para tamización de cáncer cervical en Colombia. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología de Colombia construyó en 2007 un modelo de Markov de historia natural del cáncer cervical. Se comparó "no tamización", citología convencional y prueba de ADN-VPH. Se utilizaron costos directos. Los desenlaces fueron mortalidad, años de vida ganados y costos. Se calcularon razones de costo-efectividad incremental. Se realizaron análisis de sensibilidad para parámetros clave. RESULTADOS: la mortalidad se redujo 69-81% según la estrategia. La tamización con ADN-VPH cada cinco años es costo-efectiva (ICER (Razón de Costo-Efectividad incremental por sus siglas en inglés: 44 dólares por año de vida saludable si los costos por prueba son menores a 31 dólares. La

  8. Efecto del entrenamiento combinado de pliometría y electroestimulación en salto vertical. (Effect of combined plyometric and electrostimulation training on vertical jump.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elisa Benito Martínez

    2010-10-01

    Full Text Available Resumen En este estudio se han analizado los efectos del entrenamiento combinado de pliometría y electroestimulación en un entrenamiento de fuerza muscular de los miembros inferiores. El estudio incluyó tres grupos experimentales, que trabajaron ambos métodos en orden diferente y de forma simultánea, y uno de control. Participaron 78 atletas, 40 mujeres y 38 hombres, de disciplinas de velocidad (100 y 200 m lisos y 100 y 110 m vallas, con una edad de 17,94 ± 1,44 años y una masa de 58,53 ± 8,05 kg. El programa incluyó dos días / sem de entrenamiento pliométrico y dos sesiones utilizando un electroestimulador Megasonic 313-P4. Tras dos meses de entrenamiento, se midió con plataforma de contacto ORGANISER PSION 2 la altura de salto vertical y potencia del tren inferior en test de Abalakov y Drop Jump. Las mayores diferencias pre/post test (p Abstract This paper analyses the effects of combined electrostimulation and plyometric training on lower body strength training. The training programme was applied to three experimental groups and one control group. The experimental groups used both methods simultaneously but in different order. The participants were 78 sprinters (100m and 200m, and 100m and 110m hurdles, 38 male and 40 female. Their average age was 15,9 ± 1,4 years and their average weight was 58,53 ± 8,05kg. The training programme consisted in two days a week of plyometric training and two sessions with a Megasonic 313-P4 electrostimulation unit. After two months training, vertical jump height and lower body power were measured in Abalakov test and Drop Jump test with PSION ORGANISER II. The most significant pre- and post-test (p

  9. Get Tested for Cervical Cancer

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Print This Topic En español Get Tested for Cervical Cancer Browse Sections The Basics Overview Cervical Cancer Cervical ... Cervical Cancer 1 of 5 sections The Basics: Cervical Cancer What is cervical cancer? Cervical cancer is cancer ...

  10. Comprehensive evaluation of cervical cancer screening programs: the case of Colombia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Raúl Murillo

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: To identify critical screening program factors for reducing cervical cancer mortality in Colombia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Coverage, quality, and screening follow-up were evaluated in four Colombian states with different mortality rates. A case-control study (invasive cancer and healthy controls evaluating screening history was performed. RESULTS: 3-year cytology coverage was 72.7%, false negative rate 49%, positive cytology follow-up 64.2%. There was no association between screening history and invasive cancer in two states having high cytology coverage but high false negative rates. Two states revealed association between deficient screening history and invasive cancer as well as lower positive-cytology follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Reduced number of visits between screening and treatment is more relevant when low access to health care is present. Improved quality is a priority if access to screening is available. Suitable interventions for specific scenarios and proper appraisal of new technologies are compulsory to improve cervical cancer screening. Comprehensive process-failure audits among invasive cancer cases could improve program evaluation since mortality is a late outcome.OBJETIVO: Identificar factores críticos para reducir la mortalidad por cáncer cervical en Colombia. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se evaluó cobertura, calidad y seguimiento del tamizaje en cuatro departamentos con tasas de mortalidad diferenciales. Un estudio de casos (cáncer invasor y controles (sanos evaluó historia de tamizaje. RESULTADOS: Cobertura 72,7%; falsos negativos 49%; acceso a diagnóstico-tratamiento de HSIL 64,2%. La historia de tamizaje no se asoció con cáncer invasor en dos departamentos con elevada cobertura pero elevada proporción de falsos negativos. Dos departamentos con asociación entre historia de tamizaje deficiente y cáncer invasor tuvieron cobertura aceptable pero bajo acceso a diagnóstico-tratamiento. No hubo relación entre mortalidad

  11. January Monthly Spotlight: Cervical Health and Cervical Cancer Disparities

    Science.gov (United States)

    In January, CRCHD joins the nation in raising awareness for Cervical Health and Cervical Cancer Disparities. This month we share a special focus on NCI/CRCHD research programs that are trying to reduce cervical cancer disparities in underserved communities and the people who are spreading the word about the importance of early detection.

  12. Desempeño lector en niños con diagnóstico de TDAH (Trastorno de Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad/ Reading performance in children with ADHD (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María Alexandra Cardona Tangarife

    2017-04-01

    Full Text Available Con el objetivo de determinar la relación entre la edad, el subtipo clínico, el carácter de la institución y las variables neuropsicológicas en pruebas de lectura en niños diagnosticados con Trastorno por Déficit de Atención Hiperactividad-TDAH (n= 36, inatento; n= 52 y un grupo control (n=88, se estudiaron 176 niños provenientes de escuelas públicas y privadas de la ciudad de Manizales-Caldas, con edades entre los 6 y 13 años. A estos niños se les evaluó desempeño lector, atención, habilidades construccionales, memoria, lenguaje y funciones ejecutivas, por medio de la Evaluación Neuropsicológica Infantil (ENI. Los resultados en el análisis por subgrupos (combinado, inatento y control evidencian diferencias significativas. El grupo control puntuó en general más alto que ambos subtipos de TDAH. En cuantoal tipo de institución, los niños que asisten a escuelas de carácter privado, arrojaron valores superiores en comparación a los niños que asisten a instituciones educativas de carácter oficial, pero esta diferencia disminuyó a medida que avanzó la escolaridad. En relación a las variables neuropsicológicas,se halló que las variables atencionales pueden predecir la velocidad de lectura.Se concluyó que las variables escolares, la edad y el subgrupo permiten diferenciar el desempeño lector. Los resultados se discutieron y compararon con nuevos trabajos sobre la misma línea.

  13. Quiste dermoide cervical

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yurian Gbenou Morgan

    Full Text Available Los quistes dermoides presentan una incidencia de 1,6 hasta 6,9 % en la región de cabeza y cuello. Se realiza el siguiente reporte de caso clínico con el objetivo de enfatizar en la importancia de un adecuado manejo diagnóstico preoperatorio, para establecer una acertada planificación quirúrgica en la exéresis de este tipo de lesiones de la región cervicofacial. Se presenta el caso clínico de un paciente masculino, de 13 años de edad, quien hacía 3 años se notaba un crecimiento redondeado en región submentoniana, lo cual le ocasionaba molestias al hablar y ligera afectación de su estética facial. Una vez realizados los estudios complementarios preoperatorios, se decide tratamiento quirúrgico, empleando una cervicotomía medial para la extirpación de la lesión quística, dada la ubicación anatómica por debajo del músculo milohiodeo y su gran dimensión. El diagnóstico histopatológico se corresponde con un quiste epidérmico. Se concluye que resulta imprescindible realizar un exhaustivo examen físico e imagenológico, para lograr resultados satisfactorios en el tratamiento quirúrgico del quiste dermoide cervical.

  14. Impact of Isometric Contraction of Anterior Cervical Muscles on Cervical Lordosis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fedorchuk, Curtis A; McCoy, Matthew; Lightstone, Douglas F; Bak, David A; Moser, Jacque; Kubricht, Brett; Packer, John; Walton, Dustin; Binongo, Jose

    2016-09-01

    This study investigates the impact of isometric contraction of anterior cervical muscles on cervical lordosis. 29 volunteers were randomly assigned to an anterior head translation (n=15) or anterior head flexion (n=14) group. Resting neutral lateral cervical x-rays were compared to x-rays of sustained isometric contraction of the anterior cervical muscles producing anterior head translation or anterior head flexion. Paired sample t-tests indicate no significant difference between pre and post anterior head translation or anterior head flexion. Analysis of variance suggests that gender and peak force were not associated with change in cervical lordosis. Chamberlain's to atlas plane line angle difference was significantly associated with cervical lordosis difference during anterior head translation (p=0.01). This study shows no evidence that hypertonicity, as seen in muscle spasms, of the muscles responsible for anterior head translation and anterior head flexion have a significant impact on cervical lordosis.

  15. La CEDAW y el Estado de Chile: viejas y nuevas deudas con la igualdad de género

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    Teresa Valdés Echenique

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo plantea a la CEDAW como un programa de acción pública destinado a eliminar la discriminación hacia las mujeres y lograr la igualdad formal y sustantiva entre mujeres y hombres, lo que, sin duda, resulta ambicioso y desafía las estructuras socioculturales de los países. En octubre de 2012, el Estado de Chile presentó al Comité para la Eliminación de todas las formas de Discriminación contra la Mujer el quinto y sexto informe periódico Combinado sobre el cumplimiento de la CEDAW. Las observaciones y recomendaciones del Comité de expertas al Estado de Chile, que consideró un informe presentado por el Instituto Nacional de Derechos Humanos y diversos informes sombra preparados por organizaciones de la sociedad civil, expresan antiguas y nuevas deudas de Chile en relación a la CEDAW y muestran un país marcado por desigualdades sociales y discriminaciones porgénero, con una democracia deficitaria en participación y representación, con enclaves conservadores y autoritarios que aún no reconocen los objetivos de la Convención.

  16. Cervical interfacet spacers and maintenance of cervical lordosis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tan, Lee A; Straus, David C; Traynelis, Vincent C

    2015-05-01

    OBJECT The cervical interfacet spacer (CIS) is a relatively new technology that can increase foraminal height and area by facet distraction. These offer the potential to provide indirect neuroforaminal decompression while simultaneously enhancing fusion potential due to the relatively large osteoconductive surface area and compressive forces exerted on the grafts. These potential benefits, along with the relative ease of implantation during posterior cervical fusion procedures, make the CIS an attractive adjuvant in the management of cervical pathology. One concern with the use of interfacet spacers is the theoretical risk of inducing iatrogenic kyphosis. This work tests the hypothesis that interfacet spacers are associated with loss of cervical lordosis. METHODS Records from patients undergoing posterior cervical fusion at Rush University Medical Center between March 2011 and December 2012 were reviewed. The FacetLift CISs were used in all patients. Preoperative and postoperative radiographic data were reviewed and the Ishihara indices and cervical lordotic angles were measured and recorded. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA software. RESULTS A total of 64 patients were identified in whom 154 cervical levels were implanted with machined allograft interfacet spacers. Of these, 15 patients underwent anterior-posterior fusions, 4 underwent anterior-posterior-anterior fusions, and the remaining 45 patients underwent posterior-only fusions. In the 45 patients with posterior-only fusions, a total of 110 levels were treated with spacers. There were 14 patients (31%) with a single level treated, 16 patients (36%) with two levels treated, 5 patients (11%) with three levels treated, 5 patients (11%) with four levels treated, 1 patient (2%) with five levels treated, and 4 patients (9%) with six levels treated. Complete radiographic data were available in 38 of 45 patients (84%). On average, radiographic follow-up was obtained at 256.9 days (range 48-524 days

  17. Cervical syphilitic lesions mimicking cervical cancer: a rare case report

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    Xiaoqing Zhu

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available A woman presented to the hospital due to postcoital vaginal bleeding. The patient was initially diagnosed with cervical carcinoma by clinicians at a local hospital. However, a biopsy of the cervical lesions revealed chronic inflammation and erosion of the cervical mucosa, and the rapid plasma reagin ratio titer was 1:256. The patient was eventually diagnosed with syphilitic cervicitis and treated with minocycline 0.1 g twice a day. The patient was cured with this treatment.

  18. Improving cervical cancer screening in Mexico: results from the Morelos HPV Study Mejorando la detección oportuna del cáncer cervical en México: resultados del Estudio de VPH en Morelos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yvonne Flores

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this paper is to describe some of the results of the Morelos HPV Study. The main objective of the Morelos HPV Study is to evaluate the use of human papillomavirus (HPV DNA testing, as compared to the Papanicolaou (Pap test, for cervical cancer (CC screening. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The Morelos HPV Study is currently being conducted in Mexico, to examine the possibility of using HPV testing for CC screening. The HPV testing of self-collected vaginal and clinician-collected cervical specimens was evaluated as part of this study. The acceptability of the HPV testing of self-collected specimens was compared to that of the Pap test. A cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA and cost-benefit analysis (CBA was also performed. RESULTS: The Morelos HPV Study results indicate that HPV testing has a greater sensitivity to detect cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN 2/3 and CC than the Pap test. Our results also indicate an over-all lower acceptability of the Pap test as compared to the self-collected procedure. The results of the CEA and CBA indicate that screening women between the ages of 20-80 for CC using some type of HPV testing is always more cost-effective than screening for CC using the Pap test. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that self- and clinician-collected HPV testing could be used in CC prevention programs, as an effective complement or substitute for the Pap test.OBJETIVO: Describir algunos de los resultados del Estudio de VPH en Morelos. El objetivo principal del Estudio de VPH en Morelos es evaluar el uso de la prueba del virus de papiloma humano (VPH, en relación con la prueba de Papanicolaou, para el tamizaje de cáncer cervical. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: El Estudio de VPH en Morelos actualmente se está llevando a cabo en México, para examinar la posibilidad de usar la prueba de VPH para la detección de cáncer cervical. Se evaluó el uso de la prueba de VPH en muestras auto-tomadas vaginales y en muestras cervicales

  19. Síndrome de Grisel en el adulto e inestabilidad cráneo cervical. Odontoidectomía endoscópica transnasal y fijación occípito-cervical. Reporte de caso y revisión de literatura

    Science.gov (United States)

    Herrera, Roberto; Rojas, Héctor; Estramian, Ariel; Gómez, Julieta; Ledesma, José Luis; Pablo, José; Pastore, Julián

    2018-01-01

    Resumen Introducción: La patología de la unión cráneo-cervical es poco frecuente en la práctica neuroquirúrgica diaria. En general la mayor parte de estas lesiones son de origen traumático o reumatológico. La inestabilidad atlanto-axial de origen inflamatorio (Síndrome de Grisel) es una rara entidad de la que solo se han reportado 16 casos adultos en la literatura. Esta patología se caracteriza por el desarrollo de una lesión osteolítica a nivel de la articulación atlanto-axoidea posterior a un evento infeccioso, generalmente de las vías aéreas superiores. Descripción del caso: Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 76 años quien concurre en consulta por un cuadro clínico de inestabilidad cráneo espinal secundaria a una lesión osteolítica, con compromiso de C1 y C2. La sintomatología comenzó posteriormente a un proceso infeccioso respiratorio. Se realizó una fijación occípito-cervical posterior y una Odontoidectomía con descompresión anterior por vía endoscópica transnasal. La paciente evolucionó con resolución completa de los síntomas. Los cultivos fueron negativos y el estudio de anatomía patológica concluyó cambios inflamatorios inespecíficos. Conclusión: Hasta hace algunos pocos años la única opción para abordar esta patología era la vía transoral con técnica microquirúrgica. Hoy en día la endoscopía nos brinda muchas ventajas técnicas por lo que constituye una opción a tener en cuenta en la planificación de los abordajes a la unión cráneo-cervical. PMID:29430326

  20. Robust velocity and load control of a steam turbine in a combined cycle thermoelectric power station; Control robusto de velocidad y carga de una turbina de vapor en una central termoelectrica de ciclo combinado

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Reyes Archundia, Enrique

    1998-12-31

    of the computation, the programming languages and the numerical methods allow to develop mathematical models that simulate in an approximate manner the processes to control, as it is the case of the combined cycle thermoelectric power station and in this way making the evaluation of algorithms of modern control possible. In chapter I a functional description of the steam turbine process is given. Since this belongs to a combined cycle thermoelectric power station, it is begun with the description of this power station, later to emphasize the subsystem of the steam turbine and emphasize each one of the elements that comprise this last one. [Espanol] Este trabajo de investigacion esta orientado a disenar, desarrollar y validar un algoritmo de control moderno, que permita la obtencion de mejores desempenos en el control de velocidad de una turbina de vapor perteneciente a una central termoelectrica de ciclo combinado, en todo el intervalo de operacion, asi como la obtencion de mejores desempenos en el control de la cantidad de megawatts generados por la misma cuando esta acoplada a un generador electrico, comparando el desempeno con el obtenido mediante el controlador convencional existente. Los cambios en la referencia de velocidad o carga, son a solicitud del operador y se dan siempre en forma de rampa, indicando la rapidez con la que se desea efectuar el cambio de valor en la referencia. Esta es la razon por la cual el objetivo principal del control a disenar es realizar un buen seguimiento a referencias del tipo rampa. En el subsistema de la turbina de vapor existente el inconveniente de que las valvulas que regulan el flujo de vapor hacia la turbina, presentan un acoplamiento con la valvula del bypass que permite derivar el flujo de vapor hacia el condensador principal sin tener que pasar por la turbina. Es por esto que se propone un control multivariable que contemple la interaccion que se presenta entre las valvulas antes mencionadas, partiendo de un diseno

  1. Is the cervical spine clear? Undetected cervical fractures diagnosed only at autopsy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sweeney, J F; Rosemurgy, A S; Gill, S; Albrink, M H

    1992-10-01

    Undetected cervical-spine injuries are a nemesis to both trauma surgeons and emergency physicians. Radiographic protocols have been developed to avoid missing cervical-spine fractures but are not fail-safe. Three case reports of occult cervical fractures documented at autopsy in the face of normal cervical-spine radiographs and computerized tomography scans are presented.

  2. Motor tic disorder and traumatic cervical myelopathy: a case report Trastorno de tic motor y mielopatía cervical traumática: relato de caso Transtorno de tique motor e mielopatia cervical traumática: relato de caso

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ericson Sfredo

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available The association between motor tics and cervical myelopathy is rare and not well understood. Only a few papers in the literature reported this disorder until the present date. This is a case report of a cervical myelopathy case secondary to a motor tic disorder. A 23-year-old male with a 10-year history of motor tic disorder, involving sudden forced extension of the head and cervical spine. Disturbed tactile sensation and kinetic posturing that progressed to the Lhermitte sign every time he made the movement were detected over the last six months. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI showed hyperintense intramedullary lesion at C2-C3, degeneration at C3-C4, and no signs of spinal cord compression. On sagittal view, functional MRI with head extension showed anterior compression with protrusion of the intervertebral disc and posterior compression of the yellow ligaments causing spinal cord stenosis. Anterior discectomy and fixation of C3-C4 were performed. There were no complications. The patient showed improvement and the motor tics were controlled by haloperidol. The patient remains symptom-free after 2 years of follow-up. Uncontrolled motor tics can compromise spinal cord function. Functional MRI can reproduce the abnormal movements and clarify the physiopathology.La asociación entre tics motores y mielopatía cervical es rara y no es bien comprendida. Pocos estudios, que analizan este disturbio, han sido encontrados en la literatura hasta el momento. Este es el relato de un caso de mielopatía cervical secundaria a tics motores. Paciente masculino de 23 años con historial de trastorno de tic motor desde hace diez años, involucrando extensión forzada de la cabeza y columna cervical. En los últimos seis meses, se diagnosticaron deficiencias de sensaciones táctiles y postura cinética que progresaron hacia la señal de Lhermitte, cada vez que el paciente se movía. La Resonancia Magnética (RM reveló lesión intramedular hiperintensa al nivel de

  3. MALFORMACIÓN ARTERIO VENOSA CERVICAL COMPLEJA SINTOMÁTICA

    OpenAIRE

    Bombin F,Juan; Kotlik A,Alejandro; Seguel S,Gabriel; Pizarro S,Carla; Aliaga S,Erik

    2015-01-01

    Introducción: Las Malformaciones Arterio-Venosas (MAV) son alteraciones estructurales congénitas del desarrollo del sistema vascular en que se observan comunicaciones anómalas arterio-venosas conformando un "nido" arterio-venoso-capilar. Caso Clínico: Mujer que consulta a los 15 años de edad por una MAV en la región cervical posterior izquierda desde su nacimiento. Se efectúa una resección amplia de la lesión hasta el plano aponeurótico cubriendo el defecto con un colgajo de rotación cutáneo-...

  4. Efectos combinados de la ampliación de la atención primaria de salud y de las transferencias condicionadas de dinero en efectivo sobre la mortalidad infantil en Brasil, 1998–2010*

    Science.gov (United States)

    Guanais, Frederico C.

    2015-01-01

    Objetivos. Examiné los efectos combinados del acceso a la atención primaria mediante el Programa de Salud Familiar (PSF) y las transferencias condicionadas de dinero en efectivo del Programa Bolsa Familia (PBF) sobre la mortalidad infantil posneonatal (MIPN) en Brasil. Métodos. Empleé un análisis ecológico longitudinal usando datos en panel de 4 583 municipios brasileños de 1998 al 2010, con 54 253 observaciones en total. Estimé modelos de regresión de efectos fijos por mínimos cuadrados ordinarios, con la tasa de MIPN como la variable dependiente y el PSF, el PBF y sus interacciones como las principales variables independientes de interés. Resultados. La asociación de una mayor cobertura del PSF con una menor tasa de MIPN se volvió más fuerte conforme aumentaba la cobertura del PBF. En los promedios de todas las demás variables, cuando la cobertura de PBF era 25%, la MIPN predicha fue 5,24 (intervalo de confianza [IC] de 95% = 4,95, 5,53) para una cobertura del PSF de 0%, y de 3,54 (IC de 95% = 2,77, 4,31) para una cobertura del PSF de 100%. Cuando la cobertura del PBF era de 60%, la MIPN predicha fue 4,65 (IC de 95% = 4,36, 4,94) para una cobertura del PSF de 0%, y de 1,38 (IC de 95% = 0,88, 1,89) para una cobertura del PSF de 100%. Conclusiones. El efecto del PSF depende de la ampliación del PBF. Para las poblaciones empobrecidas y subatendidas, la combinación de intervenciones tanto del lado de la oferta como del lado de la demanda podría ser necesaria para mejorar los resultados en salud.

  5. Cervical cancer

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... bleeding between periods, after intercourse, or after menopause Vaginal discharge that does not stop, and may be pale, ... Instructions Hysterectomy - abdominal - discharge Hysterectomy - laparoscopic - ... Images Cervical cancer Cervical neoplasia ...

  6. Reliability and validity of CODA motion analysis system for measuring cervical range of motion in patients with cervical spondylosis and anterior cervical fusion.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gao, Zhongyang; Song, Hui; Ren, Fenggang; Li, Yuhuan; Wang, Dong; He, Xijing

    2017-12-01

    The aim of the present study was to evaluate the reliability of the Cartesian Optoelectronic Dynamic Anthropometer (CODA) motion system in measuring the cervical range of motion (ROM) and verify the construct validity of the CODA motion system. A total of 26 patients with cervical spondylosis and 22 patients with anterior cervical fusion were enrolled and the CODA motion analysis system was used to measure the three-dimensional cervical ROM. Intra- and inter-rater reliability was assessed by interclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), standard error of measurement (SEm), Limits of Agreements (LOA) and minimal detectable change (MDC). Independent samples t-tests were performed to examine the differences of cervical ROM between cervical spondylosis and anterior cervical fusion patients. The results revealed that in the cervical spondylosis group, the reliability was almost perfect (intra-rater reliability: ICC, 0.87-0.95; LOA, -12.86-13.70; SEm, 2.97-4.58; inter-rater reliability: ICC, 0.84-0.95; LOA, -13.09-13.48; SEm, 3.13-4.32). In the anterior cervical fusion group, the reliability was high (intra-rater reliability: ICC, 0.88-0.97; LOA, -10.65-11.08; SEm, 2.10-3.77; inter-rater reliability: ICC, 0.86-0.96; LOA, -10.91-13.66; SEm, 2.20-4.45). The cervical ROM in the cervical spondylosis group was significantly higher than that in the anterior cervical fusion group in all directions except for left rotation. In conclusion, the CODA motion analysis system is highly reliable in measuring cervical ROM and the construct validity was verified, as the system was sufficiently sensitive to distinguish between the cervical spondylosis and anterior cervical fusion groups based on their ROM.

  7. Evaluación de la eficacia in vitro e in vivo del tratamiento antimicrobiano combinado por el tablero de damas Effectiveness of a combined antimicrobial treatment by means of the draughtboard. In vitro and in vivo assessment

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María Espino Hernández

    2009-08-01

    Full Text Available El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo, evaluar la eficacia clínica del tratamiento antimicrobiano combinado mediante pruebas de sinergismo in vitro y determinar la eficacia del procedimiento empleado para orientar la aplicación de estas formas de tratamiento en el paciente con sepsis por bacterias con resistencia variada. Se evaluó el tratamiento aplicado a 163 recién nacidos con sepsis corroborada por hemocultivo positivo en el Hospital Ginecobstétrico Universitario "América Arias", durante el periodo de enero de 1993 a diciembre de 2000, por el método tablero de damas (checkerboard en placas de microtitulación. Las combinaciones de fármacos sinérgicas in vitro presentaron una alta probabilidad de eficacia clínica, independiente del patrón de susceptibilidad del microorganismo aun frente a cepas resistentes a los 2 antimicrobianos utilizados en el tratamiento. Todos los resultados antagónicos in vitro se correspondieron con un fallo clínico terapéutico. El procedimiento utilizado puede constituir una valiosa herramienta para orientar la terapéutica en pacientes con sepsis por microorganismos resistentes.The aim of present paper was to evaluate clinical effectiveness of combined antimicrobial treatment by means of in vitro synergism tests and to determine effectiveness of used procedure to direct applications of these treatment strategies in patient presenting with sepsis from varied resistance bacteria. Treatment applied was assessed in 163 newborn patients presenting with sepsis from positive hemoculture in "America Arias" University Gynecology-Obstetrics Hospital from January 1993 to December 2000, by checkerboard method in microtritate plates. In vitro synergic drug combinations showed a high probability of clinical effectiveness, independently of susceptibility pattern of microorganism event versus resistant strains to both antimicrobials used in treatment. All in vitro antagonistic results correspond both with a

  8. [Cervical cerclage].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Akladios, C Y; Sananes, N; Gaudineau, A; Boudier, E; Langer, B

    2015-10-01

    Cervical cerclage aims to strengthen not only the mechanical properties of the cervix, but also its immunological and anti-infectious functions. The demonstration of a strong interrelation between cervical insufficiency as well as decreased cervical length at endo-vaginal ultrasonography and infection has changed the indications cerclage. Actually we can distinguish three indications for cerclage: prophylactic, for obstetrical history; therapeutic, for shortened cervical length at ultrasonography in patients at risk and; emergency cerclage in case of threatening cervix at physical examination. The McDonald's technique is the most recommended. In case of failure, it is proposed to realize cerclage at a higher level on the cervix either by vaginal or abdominal route. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

  9. EXERCÍCIO FÍSICO AERÓBIO, RESISTIDO E COMBINADO: efeitos na pressão arterial em indivíduos hipertensos

    OpenAIRE

    da Silva, Julia Spanhol; Bona, Cleiton Chiamonti

    2014-01-01

    Objetivo: analisar possíveis efeitos na pressão arterial de três sujeitos hipertensos, a partir da aplicação de três tipos de exercícios: aeróbio, resistido e combinado. Método: o estudo de caso utilizou, como instrumento, equipamento manual de verificação de pressão arterial, monitor de frequência cardíaca Polar, ficha de anotações da pressão arterial e frequência cardíaca. Os sujeitos analisados realizaram as atividades em academia do município de Passo Fundo-RS. Resultados e considerações ...

  10. Columna cervical reumática Artrite reumatoide da coluna cervical Rheumatoid arthritis of the cervical spine

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nicolás Macchiavello Cornejo

    2009-03-01

    Full Text Available La artritis reumatoidea (AR afecta a millones de personas en el mundo. Hasta un 86% de los pacientes presenta alteraciones a nivel cervical. Los patrones de inestabilidad cervical asociados a la artritis reumatoidea son: inestabilidad atlanto-axial, impactación atlanto-axial y subluxación subaxial. Una vez que aparecen alteraciones neurológicas su progresión puede ser rápida y llevar incluso a la muerte. El tratamiento de la AR es fundamentalmente médico. Los medicamentos y esquemas actuales podrían prevenir o retardar la aparición de alteraciones a nivel atlanto-axial. El examen clínico y radiológico periódico permite detectar a los pacientes que ya presentan compromiso neurológico, o a los que están en riesgo de desarrollarlo, en cuyos casos debe considerarse la cirugía como opción terapéutica. La recuperación neurológica post-quirúrgica depende del nivel de compromiso neurológico previo, lo que refuerza la importancia de la detección y derivación precoz de los pacientes en riesgo. El tratamiento quirúrgico debe llevarse a cabo en centros especializados, por grupos multidisciplinarios. Esto, junto con la intervención temprana, ayudaría a reducir las complicaciones peri-operatorias.A Artrite Reumatóidea (AR afeta milhões de pessoas no mundo. Até 86% dos pacientes apresentam alterações a nível cervical. Os padrões de instabilidade cervical associados à AR são: instabilidade atlanto-axial, impacto atlanto-axial e sub-luxação sub-axial. Uma vez que aparecem as alterações neurológicas a sua progressão pode ser rápida e levar até a morte. O tratamento da AR é fundamentalmente médico. Os medicamentos e esquemas atuais poderiam prevenir ou retardar a aparição das alterações no nível atlanto-axial. O exame clínico e radiológico periódico permite detectar pacientes que já apresentem compromisso neurológico ou paciente com risco de desenvolver-lhe, sendo que em tais casos deve-se considerar a cirurgia

  11. Risk factors for cervical cancer among HPV positive women in Mexico Factores de riesgo de cáncer cervical en mujeres VPH positivas en México

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yvonne N Flores

    2008-02-01

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: To identify factors that are associated with an increased risk of developing high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN or cancer among human papillomavirus (HPV-positive women in Mexico. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A case-control study design was used. A total of 94 cases and 501 controls who met the study inclusion criteria were selected from the 7 732 women who participated in the Morelos HPV Study from May 1999 to June 2000. Risk factor information was obtained from interviews and from HPV viral load results. Odds ratios and 95 percent confidence intervals were estimated using unconditional multivariate regression. RESULTS: Increasing age, high viral load, a young age at first sexual intercourse, and a low socio-economic status are associated with an increased risk of disease among HPV-positive women. CONCLUSIONS: These results could have important implications for future screening activities in Mexico and other low resource countries.OBJETIVO: Identificar factores asociados con un mayor riesgo de desarrollar neoplasia intraepitelial cervical (NIC de alto grado o cáncer en mujeres con virus de papiloma humano (VPH, en México. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se utilizó un diseño de casos y controles. Un total de 94 casos y 501 controles fueron seleccionados de las 7 732 mujeres que participaron en el Estudio de VPH en Morelos, de mayo de 1999 a junio de 2000. La información sobre factores de riesgo se obtuvo de entrevistas y de los resultados de carga virales de VPH. Se estimaron razones de momios e intervalos de confianza de 95% con modelos multivariados de regresión no condicionada. RESULTADOS: El incremento de edad, la carga viral elevada, la edad temprana al inicio de la vida sexual y el nivel socioeconómico bajo se asocian con un mayor riesgo de enfermedad en mujeres VPH positivas. CONCLUSIONES: Estos resultados podrían tener implicaciones importantes a futuro para las actividades de tamizaje en México y en otros países de

  12. Factors affecting utilization of cervical cancer prevention services in low-resource settings Factores determinantes de utilización de programas de detección oportuna de cáncer cervical en población de bajos recursos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Allison Bingham

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available Strategies for introducing or strengthening cervical cancer prevention programs must focus on ensuring that appropriate, cost-effective services are available and that women who most need the services will, in fact, use them. This article summarizes the experiences of research projects in Bolivia, Peru, Kenya, South Africa, and Mexico. Factors that affect participation rates in cervical cancer prevention programs are categorized in three sections. The first section describes factors that arise from prevailing sociocultural norms that influence women's views on reproductive health, well being, and notions of illness. The second section discusses factors related to the clinical requirements and the type of service delivery system in which a woman is being asked to participate. The third section discusses factors related to quality of care. Examples of strategies that programs are using to encourage women's participation in cervical cancer prevention services are provided.Las estrategias para introducir o fortalecer programas de prevención de cáncer cervical deben enfocarse hacia garantizar servicios costo-efectivos, que se encuentren disponibles para que las mujeres que los necesiten puedan utilizarlos. Este artículo resume la experiencia de proyectos de investigación realizados en Bolivia, Perú, Kenya, Sudáfrica y México. Los factores que afectan la tasa de participación en programas de prevención son categorizados en tres secciones. La primera describe los factores que surgen predominantemente por normas socioculturales que influyen en la visión que las mujeres tienen sobre la salud reproductiva. La segunda discute los factores relacionados con los requerimientos clínicos y el tipo de servicio ofrecido, así como el sistema mediante el cual las mujeres están siendo invitadas a participar. La tercera sección discute factores relacionados con la calidad de la atención. Finalmente, se proveen ejemplos de las estrategias sobre los

  13. Headache of cervical origin

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Burguet, J L; Wackenheim, A

    1984-08-01

    The authors recall cervical etiologies of headache. They distinguish on the one hand the cervico-occipital region with minor and major malformations and acquired lesions, and on the other hand the middle and inferior cervical segment. They also recall the original structuralist analysis of the cervical spine and give the example of the ''cervical triplet''.

  14. The rheumatoid cervical spine: Signs of instability on plain cervical radiographs

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Roche, Clare J.; Eyes, Brian E.; Whitehouse, Graham H.

    2002-01-01

    The cervical spine is a common focus of destruction from rheumatoid arthritis, second only to the metacarpophalangeal joints. Joint, bone and ligament damage in the cervical spine leads to subluxations which can cause cervical cord compression resulting in paralysis and even sudden death. Because many patients with significant subluxations are asymptomatic, the radiologist plays a key role in recognizing the clinically important clues to instability on plain radiographs of the cervical spine-often difficult in rheumatoid arthritis when the bony landmarks are osteoporotic or eroded. This review focuses on the signs of instability on plain radiographs of the cervical spine, using diagrams and clinical examples to illustrate methods of identifying significant subluxations in rheumatoid arthritis. Roche, C.J., Eyes, B.E. and Whitehouse, G.H. (2002)

  15. CORRELATION BETWEEN CERVICAL SAGITTAL ALIGNMENT AND FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY IN CERVICAL SPONDYLOSIS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcel Machado da Motta

    Full Text Available ABSTRACT Objective: To correlate the radiographic parameters of sagittal cervical alignment with quality of life and functional capacity in patients with cervical spondylosis under conservative treatment. Methods: This is an observational and prospective study in patients with cervical spondylosis under conservative treatment and without indication for surgery. The 52 patients included were divided into three groups: axial pain, radiculopathy, and cervical myelopathy. The radiographic parameters considered were cervical lordosis (CL, cervical sagittal vertical axis (CSVA, T1 slope (TS and the discrepancy between TS and CL (TS-CL. Quality of life and functional capacity were evaluated by the Neck Disability Index (NDI questionnaire. Pain was assessed by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS. The correlation between the radiographic parameters and the clinical scores was evaluated by the Pearson correlations coefficient. Results: There was no difference in cervical radiographic parameters between the three groups. In the total of the sample, the mean value of the CSVA was 17.8o (±8.3o, CL, 22.4° (± 8.8°; TS, 29.3° (±6.6°, and TS-CL, 7.0° (±7.4°. Significant inverse correlation (r= -0.3, p=0.039 was observed between NDI and CL, but there was no significant correlation between CL and VAS. CSVA (p=0.541, TS (p=0.287 and TS-CL (p=0.287 had no significantly correlated with NDI or VAS. Conclusion: Considering patients with cervical spondylosis not candidates for surgery, the only sagittal parameter that correlated with functional capacity was LC. In these patients, the correlation between cervical alignment and quality of life needs to be better characterized.

  16. Headache of cervical origin

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Burguet, J.L.; Wackenheim, A.

    1984-01-01

    The authors recall cervical etiologies of headache. They distinguish on the one hand the cervico-occipital region with minor and major malformations and acquired lesions, and on the other hand the middle and inferior cervical segment. They also recall the original structuralist analysis of the cervical spine and give the example of the ''cervical triplet''. (orig.) [de

  17. Cervical Cancer

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... the place where a baby grows during pregnancy. Cervical cancer is caused by a virus called HPV. The ... for a long time, or have HIV infection. Cervical cancer may not cause any symptoms at first. Later, ...

  18. Factores que controlan las propiedades texturales de arcillas intercaladas con disoluciones de circonio y aluminio

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gil, A.

    2000-08-01

    Full Text Available The texture development of a saponite and a montmorillonite, intercalated with zirconium and aluminium oligomers, after calcination at 500 ºC has been studied. Remarkable differences were observed among samples, depending on the source of the intercalating polycations and the parent material. On calcining, the alumina pillared clays suffered noticeable specific surface area and micropore volume losses, which have been related to the interlayer and interpillar distances of the samples. On the contrary, the zirconia pillared clays showed a slight surface area increase, which affected both micropores and mesopores and could be due to the combined effect of the thermal decomposition of the zirconium oligomers and the possible presence of mesoporous ZrO2 particles.

    En este trabajo se ha estudiado la evolución de las propiedades texturales de una saponita y una montmorillonita intercaladas con disoluciones de circonio y aluminio tras calcinación a 500 ºC. Los sólidos presentaron un diferente comportamiento en función de la naturaleza de la disolución de intercalación y de la arcilla empleada. Tras calcinación, la superficie específica y el volumen microporoso de las arcillas intercaladas con disoluciones de aluminio disminuyeron de manera importante, lo cual se ha relacionado con las distancias interlaminar e interpilar que presentaron los materiales intercalados. Por contra, las superficies específicas de las arcillas intercaladas con disoluciones de circonio aumentaron, probablemente gracias al efecto combinado de la descomposición térmica de los ligandos orgánicos unidos al circonio en los policationes y la posible presencia de partículas mesoporosas de ZrO2 sobre la superficie de los sólidos.

  19. Propuesta de un material metodológico sobre la enseñanza de los elementos técnicos del boxeo en los combinados deportivos del municipio Pinar del Río

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Porfirio Pérez Fuentes

    2007-12-01

    Full Text Available Al impartir los programas de Boxeo en nuestra Facultad nos llamó la atención que al evaluar los contenidos relacionados con metodología de la enseñanza de los elementos técnicos de este deporte se presentaban frecuentes dificultades que, sin dudas, constituyen obstáculos para la correcta aplicación del proceso de enseñanza. Dentro de los alumnos se incluían muchos que pertenecían al curso de trabajadores, es decir, ya entrenadores de varios municipios, esto nos hizo comprender el carácter generalizado de dichas deficiencias y la necesidad de un documento que abordara ell tema mencionado sobre el cual no se disponía bibliografía especializada. Para confirmarlo fue aplicada una encuesta a entrenadores de los combinados del municipio Pinar de Río por lo que surge la propuesta de este material con el que los entrenadores y futuros especialistas del referido deporte pueden recibir una orientación precisa y objetiva en cuanto a cómo enseñar, pues para la elaboración del mismo se tomaron planteamientos generales de varios autores sobre métodos y procedimientos en el entrenamiento deportivo en lo relativo a la forma de aplicación de los pasos metodológicos de cada elemento a enseñar. Este material ya está siendo utilizado en nuestra Facultad y su contenido fue solicitado por la Academia Provincial para impartir la preparación metodológica de habilitados y entrenadores dada la importancia que le concedieron.

  20. Riesgo de tromboembolismo venoso en mujeres consumidoras de anticonceptivos hormonales combinados

    OpenAIRE

    Nápoles Méndez, Danilo; Couto Núñez, Dayana

    2016-01-01

    Desde la introducción en los años 60 de las tabletas anticonceptivas, se han ido produciendo modificaciones en sus componentes, con el objetivo de mejorar su seguridad y tolerancia sin perder su eficacia. Las principales novedades están relacionadas con la introducción de nuevos progestágenos con menores efectos secundarios y mayores beneficios adicionales, así como también con la aparición de un preparado con estrógeno natural y la utilización de nuevas pautas de inicio y de régimen de inter...

  1. Cervical cancer - screening and prevention

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cancer cervix - screening; HPV - cervical cancer screening; Dysplasia - cervical cancer screening; Cervical cancer - HPV vaccine ... Almost all cervical cancers are caused by HPV (human papilloma virus). HPV is a common virus that spreads through sexual contact. Certain ...

  2. Aplicación del método de factores combinados a la conservación de frutillas : características textuales

    OpenAIRE

    Vidales, Susana Leontina

    1997-01-01

    El objetivo de esta Tesis fue el estudio de las características texturales de frutillas mínimamente procesadas. Las frutas fueron preservadas por aplicación de la tecnología de factores combinados. Los obstáculos utilizados incluyen: una leve disminución de la actividad de agua (aw) dentro del rango de valores 0,93-0,97, el control de pH (≈ 3,0-3,1) y la adición de preservativos y agentes antimicrobianos (sorbato de potasio, 1000 ppm; ácido ascórbico, 400 ppm; bisulfito de sodio, 150 ppm) y u...

  3. TTV and HPV co-infection in cervical smears of patients with cervical lesions

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tachezy Ruth

    2009-07-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background The female lower genital tract is a gateway for pathogens entering the host through the mucous membrane. One of the prevalent human viruses is Torque teno virus (TTV. The major reported routes of TTV transmission are fecal-oral and parenteral. Furthermore, other modes of transmission, e.g. sexual contact, are suggested. To investigate the sexual route of TTV transmission, cervical smears of healthy women and those with cervical lesions were screened for the presence of TTV DNA. Methods TTV DNA was studied in cervical smears of 95 patients with cervical lesions and 55 healthy women. Paired serum samples were available from 55 and 42 women, respectively. All healthy women had normal cytology while 44 patients had histologically confirmed low-grade lesion (LGL and 51 high-grade lesion (HGL. TTV DNA was detected with primers specific for the non-coding region. In 40 paired cervical smears and serum samples, the phylogenetic group of TTV isolates was determined. The presence of HPV DNA in cervical smears was detected by means of PCR with MY09/11 primers. Results The prevalence of TTV DNA in cervical smears of healthy women was 52.7% and was comparable with that in paired serum samples (50%. Symptomatic women had significantly higher prevalence of TTV DNA in cervical smears (74.7% than healthy controls. The TTV DNA prevalence in patient serum samples was 51%. The phylogenetic groups of TTV serum isolates were concordant with those of TTV from cervical smears of the same subjects. In cervical smears, a wider variety of TTV isolates was found. The viral loads in cervical smears were 10 to 1000 times as high as in sera. The HPV-positive study subjects had significantly higher TTV DNA prevalence than HPV negatives. The prevalence of TTV was not associated with disease severity. Conclusion High prevalence of TTV in cervical smears suggests that sexual transmission is another mode of expansion of TTV infection among the population. The

  4. SCREENING FOR CERVICAL CANCER

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Enrique

    Cervical cancer remains a major health concern worldwide, especially in devel- ... Important aspects of cervical cancer screening include the age at which .... High-risk types HPV (16,18) are impli- cated in the pathogenesis of cervical cancer.

  5. Pathophysiology of cervical myelopathy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Baptiste, Darryl C; Fehlings, Michael G

    2006-01-01

    Cervical myelopathy is a group of closely related disorders usually caused by spondylosis or by ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament and is characterized by compression of the cervical spinal cord or nerve roots by varying degrees and number of levels. The decrease in diameter of the vertebral canal secondary to disc degeneration and osteophytic spurs compresses the spinal cord and nerve roots at one or several levels, producing direct damage and often secondary ischemic changes. Clinicians who treat cervical myelopathy cord injuries should have a basic understanding of the pathophysiology and the processes that are initiated after the spinal cord has been injured. Literature review. Literature review of human cervical myelopathy and clinically relevant animal models to further our understanding of the pathological mechanisms involved. The pathophysiology of cervical myelopathy involves static factors, which result in acquired or developmental stenosis of the cervical canal and dynamic factors, which involve repetitive injury to the cervical cord. These mechanical factors in turn result in direct injury to neurons and glia as well as a secondary cascade of events including ischemia, excitotoxicity, and apoptosis; a pathobiology similar to that occurring in traumatic spinal cord injury. This review summarizes some of the significant pathophysiological processes involved in cervical myelopathy.

  6. Cervical bracing practices after degenerative cervical surgery: a survey of cervical spine research society members.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lunardini, David J; Krag, Martin H; Mauser, Nathan S; Lee, Joon Y; Donaldson, William H; Kang, James D

    2018-05-21

    Context: Prior studies have shown common use of post-operative bracing, despite advances in modern day instrumentation rigidity and little evidence of brace effectiveness. To document current practice patterns of brace use after degenerative cervical spine surgeries among members of the Cervical Spine Research Society (CSRS), to evaluate trends, and to identify areas of further study. A questionnaire survey METHODS: A 10 question survey was sent to members of the Cervical Spine Research Society to document current routine bracing practices after various common degenerative cervical spine surgical scenarios, including fusion and non-fusion procedures. The overall bracing rate was 67%. This included 8.4% who used a hard collar in each scenario. Twenty-two percent of surgeons never used a hard collar, while 34% never used a soft collar, and 3.6% (3 respondents) did not use a brace in any surgical scenario. Bracing frequency for specific surgical scenarios varied from 39% after foraminotomy to 88% after multi-level corpectomy with anterior & posterior fixation. After one, two and three level anterior cervical discectomy & fusion (ACDF), bracing rates were 58%, 65% and 76% for an average of 3.3, 4.3 and 5.3 weeks, respectively. After single level corpectomy, 77% braced for an average of 6.2 weeks. After laminectomy and fusion, 72% braced for an average of 5.4 weeks. Significant variation persists among surgeons on the type and length of post-operative brace usage after cervical spine surgeries. Overall rates of bracing have not changed significantly with time. Given the lack evidence in the literature to support bracing, reconsidering use of a brace after certain surgeries may be warranted. Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Inc.

  7. Cervical Cancer Stage IA

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... historical Searches are case-insensitive Cervical Cancer Stage IA Add to My Pictures View /Download : Small: 720x576 ... Large: 3000x2400 View Download Title: Cervical Cancer Stage IA Description: Stage IA1 and IA2 cervical cancer; drawing ...

  8. Cervical Cancer Stage IIIA

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... hyphen, e.g. -historical Searches are case-insensitive Cervical Cancer Stage IIIA Add to My Pictures View /Download : ... 1275x1275 View Download Large: 2550x2550 View Download Title: Cervical Cancer Stage IIIA Description: Stage IIIA cervical cancer; drawing ...

  9. Cervical Cancer—Patient Version

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide. The primary risk factor for cervical cancer is human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Start here to find evidence-based information on cervical cancer treatment, causes and prevention, screening, research, and statistics.

  10. Cervical Cancer Stage IVA

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... hyphen, e.g. -historical Searches are case-insensitive Cervical Cancer Stage IVA Add to My Pictures View /Download : ... 1575x1200 View Download Large: 3150x2400 View Download Title: Cervical Cancer Stage IVA Description: Stage IVA cervical cancer; drawing ...

  11. Cervical Cancer Stage IVB

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... hyphen, e.g. -historical Searches are case-insensitive Cervical Cancer Stage IVB Add to My Pictures View /Download : ... 1200x1305 View Download Large: 2400x2610 View Download Title: Cervical Cancer Stage IVB Description: Stage IVB cervical cancer; drawing ...

  12. Relación del segmento vertebral CO-CI con la cefalea cervigogénica

    OpenAIRE

    Marco Blanco, Raquel

    2014-01-01

    Se ha elegido para este trabajo el caso clínico de una paciente de 52 años con cefalea cervicogénica debido a la importante prevalencia de esta afectación en la sociedad actual. Es una clínica más frecuente en mujeres de mediana edad, por ello se expone el caso de una paciente con esas características. Otro motivo de la elección de esta paciente en concreto ha sido que la limitación de su rotación cervical venía dada principalmente por una alteración del segmento C0-C1, ya q...

  13. Treatment of cervical radiculopathy by anterior cervical discectomy and cage fusion

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Osman A Mohamed

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Introduction: Since the pioneering days of the anterior cervical approach introduced by Cloward et al. in the early 1950s, anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF has been the standard procedure for most discogenic and degenerative cervical spinal lesions. Although traditional interbody fusion using iliac bone can maintain the patency of the neuroforamen and ensure solid fusion, selection of patients, and of surgical procedure for ACDF is a continuous challenge. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the results of cervical discectomy and fusion with cervical cages in treatment of cervical radiculopathy clinically and radiologically. Materials and Methods: Eighteen patients suffering from cervical radiculopathy were operated upon using this technique. They were 15 males and 3 females. Clinical and radiological assessment, visual analog scale (VAS for neck and arm and modified Oswestery neck disability index (NDI were done preoperatively and at 4 weeks, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. Polyetheretherketone (Peek cages filled with iliac bone graft were used after cervical discectomy. The levels operated upon were C 5-6 in 16 patients and C4-5 in 2 patients. Results: Marked clinical improvement as regard arm and neck pain, and NDI was observed. The pre and post operative mean and standard deviations (SD of the various scores were as follows. VAS for pain in arm reduced from mean of 8 (SD 1.76 to mean 0.4 (SD 0.4, VAS for neck pain reduced from mean of 3.5 (SD 1.58 to mean of 0.8 (SD 0.47, and NDI from mean of 20.2 (SD 0.89 to 2.1(SD 1.05. Fusion occurred in all patients. Subjectively 79% of the patients reported marked improvement in neck pain, and 95% reported marked reduction in arm pain. Conclusion: Anterior cervical discectomy and cage fusion resulted in high fusion rate with minimal preservation of lordosis.

  14. Efectos de la suplementación de omega-3 y entrenamiento de intervalos de alta intensidad en el rendimiento físico, presión arterial y composición corporal en individuos sedentarios con sobrepeso

    OpenAIRE

    Peñailillo Escarate, Luis; Mackay Phillips, Karen; Serrano Duarte, Natalia; Canales Espinoza, Pablo; Miranda Herrera, Pamela; Zbinden-Foncea, Hermann

    2016-01-01

    Introducción: el entrenamiento de intervalos de alta intensidad (HIIT) y el consumo de ácidos grasos omega-3 (O3) ha demostrado cada uno por separado aumentar la capacidad aeróbica, el metabolismo oxidativo y la función cardiovascular. Objetivo: examinar el efecto combinado de HIIT más suplementación de O3 en el rendimiento físico, presión arterial y composición corporal en jóvenes sedentarios. Métodos: 28 jóvenes sedentarios con sobrepeso (edad = 22 ± 4 años; IMC = 25,8 ± 2,4 kg·m-2) fueron ...

  15. Distracted cervical spinal fusion for management of caudal cervical spondylomyelopathy in large-breed dogs

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ellison, G. W.; Seim, III, H. B.; Clemmons, R. M.

    1988-08-15

    Using an autogenous bone graft (obtained from the iliac crest), 4-mm cancellous bone screws, and polymethylmethacrylate, a distracted cervical spinal fusion technique was performed on 10 dogs with myelographic evidence of caudal cervical spondylomyelopathy. All dogs had evidence of dynamic soft tissue spinal cord compression, as indicated by flexion, extension, and traction myelographic views. Of the 10 dogs, 4 previously had undergone surgery by use of ventral slot or cervical disk fenestration techniques, and their neurologic status had deteriorated after the original surgery. Preoperative neurologic status of the 10 dogs included nonambulatory tetraparesis (n = 5), severe ataxia with conscious proprioceptive deficits (n = 2), and mild ambulatory ataxia with conscious proprioceptive deficits (n = 3). Five dogs had signs of various degrees of cervical pain. Clinical improvement was observed in 8 of 10 dogs--either improved neurologic status or elimination of cervical pain. Implant loosening developed in 3 dogs; 2 of them were euthanatized because of lack of neurologic improvement. Radiographic evidence of bony cervical fusion was observed during a 9- to 24-week period in 6 of the 8 surviving dogs. The distracted cervical fusion technique appears to be a valid surgical procedure to manage cervical spondylomyelopathy in those dogs in which the lesions are limited to one cervical intervertebral disk space.

  16. Distracted cervical spinal fusion for management of caudal cervical spondylomyelopathy in large-breed dogs

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ellison, G.W.; Seim, H.B. III; Clemmons, R.M.

    1988-01-01

    Using an autogenous bone graft (obtained from the iliac crest), 4-mm cancellous bone screws, and polymethylmethacrylate, a distracted cervical spinal fusion technique was performed on 10 dogs with myelographic evidence of caudal cervical spondylomyelopathy. All dogs had evidence of dynamic soft tissue spinal cord compression, as indicated by flexion, extension, and traction myelographic views. Of the 10 dogs, 4 previously had undergone surgery by use of ventral slot or cervical disk fenestration techniques, and their neurologic status had deteriorated after the original surgery. Preoperative neurologic status of the 10 dogs included nonambulatory tetraparesis (n = 5), severe ataxia with conscious proprioceptive deficits (n = 2), and mild ambulatory ataxia with conscious proprioceptive deficits (n = 3). Five dogs had signs of various degrees of cervical pain. Clinical improvement was observed in 8 of 10 dogs--either improved neurologic status or elimination of cervical pain. Implant loosening developed in 3 dogs; 2 of them were euthanatized because of lack of neurologic improvement. Radiographic evidence of bony cervical fusion was observed during a 9- to 24-week period in 6 of the 8 surviving dogs. The distracted cervical fusion technique appears to be a valid surgical procedure to manage cervical spondylomyelopathy in those dogs in which the lesions are limited to one cervical intervertebral disk space

  17. Cervical Cancer Stage IB

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... hyphen, e.g. -historical Searches are case-insensitive Cervical Cancer Stage IB Add to My Pictures View /Download : ... 1613x1200 View Download Large: 3225x2400 View Download Title: Cervical Cancer Stage IB Description: Stage IB1 and IB2 cervical ...

  18. Impeditividad eléctrica en la detección temprana del cáncer cervical Electrical impedivity in the early detection of cervical cancer

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    David Alejandro Miranda Mercado

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available La espectroscopia de impeditividad eléctrica (EIE es una técnica que permite estudiar las propiedades eléctricas de los materiales, como por ejemplo, el tejido humano. El objetivo de esta investigación fue comparar la EIE con la histopatología de cérvix y determinar la capacidad de la EIE de diferenciar entre tejidos normales y lesiones neoplásicas asociadas a cáncer de cervix. El espectro de impeditividad eléctrica se midió en tejido cervical in vivo y ex vivo. Las medidas EIE se compararon con los resultados obtenidos del estudio histopatológico de las mismas muestras y se encontró una correlación significativa (p The electrical impedivity spectroscopy (EIS is a technique used to study the electrical properties of the materials, including human tissue. The objective of this research was the comparison between EIS and the cervix histopathology and determinate the capability of the EIS to differentiate between normal and neoplastic tissue. In this research, the electrical impedivity spectrum in cervical tissue was measured in vivo and ex vivo. The EIS measures were compared with the histopathological study results for each tissue. A significant correlation in the discrimination between the normal and abnormal tissue was obtained (p < 0.05. The results of this research could be employed in the future studies for validation of new diagnostic techniques using the histopathology results as the gold standard. Salud UIS 2010; 42: 212-219

  19. Avaliação da conduta conservadora na lesão intraepitelial cervical de alto grau Evaluación de la conducta conservadora en la lesión intraepitelial cervical de alto grado Evaluation of conservative management of high-grade cervical squamous intraepithelial lesion

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nelson Shozo Uchimura

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Analisar a associação entre a conduta conservadora em lesão intraepitelial cervical de alto grau com o índice de recidiva da neoplasia e faixa etária. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal e retrospectivo realizado com 509 mulheres (15-76 anos atendidas no período de 1996 a 2006, com colpocitologia oncótica alterada, em um serviço público de referência em Maringá, PR. Os dados foram coletados dos prontuários médicos e estudadas as variáveis diagnóstico definitivo, tipos de tratamento, ocorrência da lesão e recidivas, analisados por meio de testes de associação de qui-quadrado de Pearson e teste exato de Fisher. RESULTADOS: A lesão intraepitelial cervical de alto grau ocorreu em 168 casos; destes, 31 mulheres foram submetidas à amputação cônica, 104 a cirurgias de alta frequência, nove histerectomizadas e 24 receberam conduta conservadora. Dentre as mulheres com lesão de alto grau e tratadas de forma conservadora, oito (33,3% recidivaram, enquanto dentre as submetidas à conduta não conservadora dez (6,9% recidivaram, sendo essa diferença estatisticamente significante (p = 0,0009, RP = 4,8 (IC95% 2,11;10,93. Para aquelas que fizeram o seguimento clínico-citológico, três (30,0% e, dentre as cauterizadas, cinco (35,7% recidivaram no prazo de três anos, sem diferença significante (p = 0,5611. A recidiva abaixo e acima de 30 anos ocorreu, respectivamente, em sete (13,8% e 11 (12,2% mulheres (p = 0,9955. CONCLUSÕES: A idade da mulher não influencia o prognóstico de recidiva. O tratamento conservador deve ser indicado como conduta de exceção, dada a alta taxa de recidiva, e o seguimento deve ser rigoroso, com acompanhamento citológico e colposcópico de até três anos, período em que ocorre a maioria das recidivas.OBJETIVO: Analizar la asociación entre la conducta conservadora en lesión intraepitelial cervical de alto grado con el índice de reincidencia de la neoplasia y grupo etario. MÉTODO: Estudio

  20. Comparación de los ángulos de extensión cervical durante la intubación orotraqueal: laringoscopio Macintosh vs Flexiblade

    OpenAIRE

    Valencia Orgaz, Óscar

    2011-01-01

    En el artículo se pone de relieve que los principales problemas a los que nos enfrentamos para el manejo de la vía aérea en los pacientes con lesión cervical son: por un lado que la dificultad de la laringoscopia puede provocar un tiempo de intubación prolongado, con el consiguiente riesgo de aspiración pulmonar en especial en pacientes con probable estómago lleno; y por otro lado la posibilidad de daño neurológico asociado a la maniobra de intubación orotraqueal. Se presenta el Flexiblade...

  1. Riesgo de tromboembolismo venoso en mujeres consumidoras de anticonceptivos hormonales combinados

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Danilo Nápoles Méndez

    Full Text Available Desde la introducción en los años 60 de las tabletas anticonceptivas, se han ido produciendo modificaciones en sus componentes, con el objetivo de mejorar su seguridad y tolerancia sin perder su eficacia. Las principales novedades están relacionadas con la introducción de nuevos progestágenos con menores efectos secundarios y mayores beneficios adicionales, así como también con la aparición de un preparado con estrógeno natural y la utilización de nuevas pautas de inicio y de régimen de intervalo libre de hormona. Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior se realizó una actualización sobre el riesgo de tromboembolismo venoso en quienes lo consumen estos medicamentos

  2. Uso de las Nuevas Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación para la Enseñanza de las Matemáticas a Alumnos con Minusvalía Visual

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Eduardo Badilla Mora

    2011-05-01

    Full Text Available En este artículo se pretende llevar a cabo una presentación de las herramientas tecnológicas que podemos utilizar en nuestra labor docente cotidiana como elemento integrador de aquellos alumnos que poseen minusvalía visual, de modo que como profesionales podamos atender la necesidad educativa de éstos, a la vez que garantizamos un apropiado aprendizaje de los contenidosmatemáticos establecidos por el currículo. Se presentará de manera explícita el abordaje de aquellos contenidos que involucran representaciones gráficas, tales como los relacionados con la estadística, geometría, funciones o trigonometría. Se expone información sobre el uso del software Quick Tac 4.0 versión beta combinado con Quick Tac 3.1, Math Trax, Vozme, y la impresión de documento en braille mediante las máquinas de impresión Juliet Pro 60, o Book Maker entre otras.

  3. Non-contiguous spinal injury in cervical spinal trauma: evaluation with cervical spine MRI

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Choi, Soo Jung; Shin, Myung Jin; Kim, Sung Moon; Bae, Sang Jin

    2004-01-01

    We wished to evaluate the incidence of non-contiguous spinal injury in the cervicothoracic junction (CTJ) or the upper thoracic spines on cervical spinal MR images in the patients with cervical spinal injuries. Seventy-five cervical spine MR imagings for acute cervical spinal injury were retrospectively reviewed (58 men and 17 women, mean age: 35.3, range: 18-81 years). They were divided into three groups based on the mechanism of injury; axial compression, hyperflexion or hyperextension injury, according to the findings on the MR and CT images. On cervical spine MR images, we evaluated the presence of non-contiguous spinal injury in the CTJ or upper thoracic spine with regard to the presence of marrow contusion or fracture, ligament injury, traumatic disc herniation and spinal cord injury. Twenty-one cases (28%) showed CTJ or upper thoracic spinal injuries (C7-T5) on cervical spinal MR images that were separated from the cervical spinal injuries. Seven of 21 cases revealed overt fractures in the CTJs or upper thoracic spines. Ligament injury in these regions was found in three cases. Traumatic disc herniation and spinal cord injury in these regions were shown in one and two cases, respectively. The incidence of the non-contiguous spinal injuries in CTJ or upper thoracic spines was higher in the axial compression injury group (35.5%) than in the hyperflexion injury group (26.9%) or the hyperextension (25%) injury group. However, there was no statistical significance (ρ > 0.05). Cervical spinal MR revealed non-contiguous CTJ or upper thoracic spinal injuries in 28% of the patients with cervical spinal injury. The mechanism of cervical spinal injury did not significantly affect the incidence of the non-contiguous CTJ or upper thoracic spinal injury

  4. Non-contiguous spinal injury in cervical spinal trauma: evaluation with cervical spine MRI

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Choi, Soo Jung; Shin, Myung Jin; Kim, Sung Moon [University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul (Korea, Republic of); Bae, Sang Jin [Sanggyepaik Hospital, Inje University, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

    2004-12-15

    We wished to evaluate the incidence of non-contiguous spinal injury in the cervicothoracic junction (CTJ) or the upper thoracic spines on cervical spinal MR images in the patients with cervical spinal injuries. Seventy-five cervical spine MR imagings for acute cervical spinal injury were retrospectively reviewed (58 men and 17 women, mean age: 35.3, range: 18-81 years). They were divided into three groups based on the mechanism of injury; axial compression, hyperflexion or hyperextension injury, according to the findings on the MR and CT images. On cervical spine MR images, we evaluated the presence of non-contiguous spinal injury in the CTJ or upper thoracic spine with regard to the presence of marrow contusion or fracture, ligament injury, traumatic disc herniation and spinal cord injury. Twenty-one cases (28%) showed CTJ or upper thoracic spinal injuries (C7-T5) on cervical spinal MR images that were separated from the cervical spinal injuries. Seven of 21 cases revealed overt fractures in the CTJs or upper thoracic spines. Ligament injury in these regions was found in three cases. Traumatic disc herniation and spinal cord injury in these regions were shown in one and two cases, respectively. The incidence of the non-contiguous spinal injuries in CTJ or upper thoracic spines was higher in the axial compression injury group (35.5%) than in the hyperflexion injury group (26.9%) or the hyperextension (25%) injury group. However, there was no statistical significance ({rho} > 0.05). Cervical spinal MR revealed non-contiguous CTJ or upper thoracic spinal injuries in 28% of the patients with cervical spinal injury. The mechanism of cervical spinal injury did not significantly affect the incidence of the non-contiguous CTJ or upper thoracic spinal injury.

  5. Características del trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad en escolares mexicanos de acuerdo con la percepción de los padres

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Omar Barrios

    2016-07-01

    Full Text Available El trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH es uno de los trastornos del neurodesarrollo que más se detectan en la infancia. El objetivo del presente estudio fue estimar la prevalencia del TDAH en una muestra de niños mexicanos de edad escolar. Se estudiaron 6639 alumnos de escuelas públicas de Guadalajara, Jalisco, México, a los que se les levantó una encuesta con el informe de los padres en un cuestionario diseñado bajo los criterios que el DSM-IV considera para el diagnóstico de TDAH. Se recuperaron y analizaron 4399 cuestionarios. De acuerdo con el informe de los padres, el 8.9% de los niños tienen un perfil de conductas compatibles con los criterios del DSM-IV para el diagnóstico de TDAH. La proporción masculino:femenino fue de 2:1. La distribución por subtipos fue: 147 escolares con tipo combinado, 132 inatento y 114 del tipo hiperactivo-impulsivo. La prevalencia fue mayor del primero al tercer grado que del cuarto al sexto. La prevalencia de TDAH calculada se encuentra dentro del rango informado en otros países. Los estudios realizados en grandes muestras son útiles para diseñar estrategias de intervención acordes a la población en cuestión.

  6. Liquid-based cervical cytology using ThinPrep technology: weighing the pros and cons in a cost-effectiveness analysis.

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Bekker-Grob, E.W. de; Kok, I.M. de; Bulten, J.; Rosmalen, J. van; Vedder, J.E.M.; Arbyn, M.; Klinkhamer, P.J.; Siebers, A.G.; Ballegooijen, M. van

    2012-01-01

    PURPOSE: Cervical cancer screening with liquid-based cytology (LBC) has been developed as an alternative to the conventional Papanicolaou (CP) smear. Cost-effectiveness is one of the issues when evaluating LBC. Based on the results of a Dutch randomised controlled trial, we conducted

  7. Origen étnico y estructura genética de tres poblaciones colombianas con ascendencia africana: estudio combinado de microsatélites y marcadores bialélicos del cromosoma Y

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Julián Oliverio Mora Oberlaender

    2004-07-01

    África occidental y central, acorde con los datos históricos acerca de la procedencia de los esclavos traídos a América durante los siglos XVI-XIX. Tanto para marcadores bialélicos como microsatelitales, se observó una cercanía de Palenque con poblaciones nativas de Gambia, y de Quibdó con otros grupos del norte de Camerún, de afiliación Bantú.

  8. Development and implementation of an interface control-process and of additional models in the simulator of combined cycle units; Desarrollo e implantacion de una interfaz control-proceso y de modelos adicionales en el simulador de unidades de ciclo combinado

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Martinez R, Rogelio E; Ramirez G, Miguel; Melgar G, Jose L; Codero C, Juan C; Romero J, Guillermo [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)

    2001-07-01

    In this article are described the design and implementation of an interface control-process and the formulation of the process models for the simulation of the vibration amplitudes of the steam and gas turbines and of the monitoring system of gas discharges, which comprise a simulator of total reach of combined cycle units. These three systems had to be developed and implemented in the simulator of combined cycle units, that the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) developed for the Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE), with the purpose of solving different problematic caused by the use of a platform of commercial software for the construction of simulators. The problematic presented by the platform of software is briefly described, as well as the solutions contributed with respect to the interconnection of signals control-process, and to the lack of models of the mechanical part of the steam and gas turbines, and of the monitoring system of polluting emissions. [Spanish] En este articulo se describen el diseno e implantacion de una interfaz control-proceso y la formulacion de los modelos de proceso para la simulacion de las amplitudes de vibracion de las turbinas de gas y de vapor y del sistema de monitoreo de emisiones de gases, los cuales forman parte de un simulador de alcance total de unidades de ciclo combinado. Estos tres sistemas tuvieron que ser desarrollados e implementados en el simulador de unidades de ciclo combinado, que el Instituto de Investigaciones electricas (IIE) desarrollo para la Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE), con el fin de resolver diferentes problematicas ocasionadas por la utilizacion de una plataforma de software comercial para la construccion de simuladores. Se describen brevemente las problematicas presentadas por la plataforma de software, asi como las soluciones aportadas en lo relativo a la interconexion de senales control-proceso, y a la falta de modelos de la parte mecanica de las turbinas de gas y de vapor, y

  9. Detecting cervical cancer by quantitative promoter hypermethylation assay on cervical scrapings : A feasibility study

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Reesink-Peters, N; Wisman, G.B.A.; Jeronimo, C; Tokumaru, CY; Cohen, Y; Dong, SM; Klip, HG; Buikema, HJ; Suurmeijer, AJH; Hollema, H; Boezen, HM; Sidransky, D; van der Zee, AGJ

    Current morphology-based cervical cancer screening is associated with significant false-positive and false-negative results. Tumor suppressor gene hypermethylation is frequently present in cervical cancer. It is unknown whether a cervical scraping reflects the methylation status of the underlying

  10. EVALUACIÓN DEL MANEJO TUBULAR DEL POTASIO EN PACIENTES CIRRÓTICOS TRATADOS CON COMBINACIÓN DE FUROSEMIDA + ESPIRONOLACTONA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Algranati L

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Los cirróticos desarrollan hiperaldosteronismo secundario en estadios avanzados de su enfermedad, requiriendo tratamiento con furosemida + espironolactona. El manejo tubular del potasio (K en estos pacientes bajo dicho esquema diurético combinado (antagónico no ha sido aun estudiado, por lo cual decidimos describir el valor de la excreción fraccional (EF de potasio y del gradiente transtubular de potasio (GTTK en esta población bajo dichos diuréticos. Material y Método: Se evaluó prospectivamente la EF de sodio (Na, EFK y GTTK en 18 pacientes (11 hombres, edad promedio 56 años, normokalémicos, cirróticos (Ci compensados estadios Child Pugh A, B y C, MELD medio 22, portadores de filtrado glomerular, sedimento urinario y ecografía renal normales, tratados con furosemida + espironolactona y dieta hiposódica. Grupo control: 10 voluntarios sanos bajo igual dieta (S. Análisis estadístico: Wilcoxon. Resultados: Kalemia (mmol/l: 4 ± 0.5 (Ci vs. 4 ± 0.3 (S, p=NS; EFNa (%: 0.8 ± 0.4 (Ci vs. 0.5 ± 0.3 (S p=NS; EFK (%: 9.1 ±3 (Ci vs. 10±2 (S, p=NS; GGTK: 6 ±2 (Ci vs. 4 ±1 (S, p=0.04. Conclusión: Observamos que en cirróticos tratados con furosemida + espironolactona, existe un incremento significativo de la excreción urinaria de potasio, sólo evidenciable por el GTTK.

  11. Cervical Cancer Screening

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Cancer found early may be easier to treat. Cervical cancer screening is usually part of a woman's health ... may do more tests, such as a biopsy. Cervical cancer screening has risks. The results can sometimes be ...

  12. Prevent Cervical Cancer

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... professional printing [PDF-1.5MB] Cancer Home “Prevent Cervical Cancer” Infographic Language: English Español (Spanish) Recommend on Facebook Tweet Share Compartir Prevent Cervical Cancer with the Right Test at the Right Time ...

  13. Association between cervical screening and prevention of invasive cervical cancer in Ontario: a population-based case-control study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vicus, Danielle; Sutradhar, Rinku; Lu, Yan; Kupets, Rachel; Paszat, Lawrence

    2015-01-01

    The aim of this study was to estimate the effect of cervical screening in the prevention of invasive cervical cancer among age groups, using a population-based case-control study in the province of Ontario, Canada. Exposure was defined as cervical cytology history greater than 3 months before the diagnosis date of cervical cancer (index date). Cases were women who were diagnosed with cervical cancer between January 1, 1998, and December 31, 2008. Controls were women without a diagnosis of cervical cancer on, or before, December 31, 2008. Two controls were matched to each case on year of birth and income quintile, as of the index date. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio for having been screened among those with cervical cancer. Cervical cancer screening performed between 3 and 36 months before the index date was protective against invasive cervical cancer in women aged 40 through 69 years. In women younger than 40 years, cervical cancer screening performed 3 to 36 months before the index date was not protective. Cervical screening is associated with a reduced risk for invasive cervical cancer among women older than 40 years. Cervical cancer resources should be focused on maximizing the risk reduction.

  14. Sciwora na população pediátrica após traumatismo cervical Sciwora en la población pediátrica después de traumatismo cervical Sciwora in the paediatric population after cervical trauma

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vítor Duarte Gonçalves Vidinha

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar a incidência e as características das lesões tipo SCIWORA nos indivíduos até os 16 anos, da área de um hospital central entre 1989 e 2009, após traumatismo cervical. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo de consulta processual. RESULTADOS: Nove (10,5% de 86 crianças apresentavam achados clínicos e radiológicos compatíveis com o diagnóstico de SCIWORA. A média de idades foi de 10,7 anos. A causa mais frequente foi o acidente de trânsito. Seis indivíduos eram classificáveis como Frankel D. Os restantes três casos eram Frankel C. Em três doentes a RMN mostrou imagem de lesão. Sete efetuaram metilprednisolona endovenosa e todos mantiveram imobilização com colar cervical até a primeira consulta de seguimento, às 2 semanas. Na alta, os seis doentes que apresentavam Frankel D à entrada melhoraram para um grau E. Dos doentes com Frankel C à entrada, um melhorou até Frankel D e os restantes dois mantiveram-se inalterados em Frankel C. CONCLUSÃO: Em um hospital de referência traumatológica, SCIWORA representa cerca de 10% das lesões cervicais pediátricas. Os défices neurológicos à entrada e a RMN têm valor prognóstico de recuperação. A corticoterapia em dose elevada não está formalmente indicada e não é consensual o tempo de utilização de imobilização ou a sua indicação em todos os SCIWORA.OBJETIVO: Evaluar la incidencia y las características de las lesiones tipo SCIWORA en los individuos de hasta 16 años de edad, del área de un hospital central, entre 1989 y 2009, después de traumatismo cervical. MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo de consulta procesal. RESULTADOS: nueve (10,5% de 86 niños presentaban hallazgos clínicos y radiológicos compatibles con el diagnóstico de SCIWORA. El promedio de edades fue 10,7 años. La causa más frecuente fue el accidente de tránsito. Seis individuos eran clasificables como Frankel D. Los restantes tres casos eran Frankel C. En tres pacientes, la RMn mostr

  15. CT-guided cervical interlaminar epidural steroid injection for cervical radiculopathy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chen Wei; Wu Chungen; Wu Chaoxian; Cheng Yongde

    2009-01-01

    Objective: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of CT-guided cervical interlaminar epidural steroid injection for the treatment of cervical radiculopathy. Methods: CT-guided cervical interlaminar epidural steroid injection was performed in 32 patients with cervical radioculopathy, encountered during the period of Dec. 2006 to June 2008, as the patients failed to respond to the conservative treatment in 2 weeks. The clinical data and the imaging findings were retrospectively analyzed. Before and after the procedure, visual analogue scale (VAS) and Odom criteria were used to evaluate the pain of the patient. Results: Three months after the injection, improvement judged by Odom criteria was seen in 28 patients (87.5%), and the mean pain relief value of VAS was 5.88 ± 1.10. No significant difference in effective rate and in VAS score (P>0.05) was found between protrusion group and degenerative group, between the group with the course over 6 months and the group with the course below 6 months, also between the group receiving one injection and the group receiving the second injection. Conclusion: CT-guided fine needle (23 gauge) puncture epidural steroid (Decadron) 'target spot' injection is an ideal alternative for the treatment of cervical radiculopathy, especially for the patients who fails to respond to the conservative treatment. (authors)

  16. Biologia molecular do câncer cervical Molecular biology of cervical cancer

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Waldemar Augusto Rivoire

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available A carcinogênese é um processo de múltiplas etapas. Alterações no equilíbrio citogenético ocorrem na transformação do epitélio normal a câncer cervical. Numerosos estudos apoiam a hipótese de que a infecção por HPV está associada com o desenvolvimento de alterações malignas e pré-malignas do trato genital inferior. Neste trabalho são apresentadas as bases para a compreensão da oncogênese cervical. O ciclo celular é controlado por proto-oncogenes e genes supressores. Quando ocorrem mutações, proto-oncogenes tornam-se oncogenes, que são carcinogênicos e causam multiplicação celular excessiva. A perda da ação de genes supressores funcionais pode levar a célula ao crescimento inadequado. O ciclo celular também pode ser alterado pela ação de vírus, entre eles o HPV (Human Papiloma Virus, de especial interesse na oncogênese cervical. Os tipos de HPV 16 e 18 são os de maior interesse, freqüentemente associados a câncer cervical e anal. O conhecimento das bases moleculares que estão envolvidas na oncogênese cervical tem sido possível devido a utilização de técnicas avançadas de biologia molecular. A associação destas técnicas aos métodos diagnósticos clássicos, poderão levar a uma melhor avaliação das neoplasias cervicais e auxiliar no desenvolvimento de novas terapias, talvez menos invasivas e mais efetivas.Carcinogenesis involves several steps. Disorders of the cytogenetic balance occur during the evolution from normal epithelium to cervical cancer. Several studies support the hypothesis that the Human Papiloma Virus (HPV infection is associated to development of premalignant and malignant lesions of cervical cancer. In this review we show the basis to understand cervical oncogenesis. The cell cycle is controlled by protooncogenes and supressive genes. This orchestrated cell cycle can be affected by virus such as HPV. Of special interest in the cervical carcinogenesis are the HPV subtypes 16 and 18

  17. Assessment of cervical range of motion, cervical core strength and scapular dyskinesia in violin players.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tawde, Pooja; Dabadghav, Rachana; Bedekar, Nilima; Shyam, Ashok; Sancheti, Parag

    2016-12-01

    Playing the violin can lead to asymmetric postures which can affect the cervical range of motion, cervical core strength and scapular stability. The objective of the study was to assess the cervical range of motion, cervical core strength and scapular dyskinesia in violin players and non-players of the same age group. An inclinometer was used to assess the cervical range of motion, pressure biofeedback was used to assess cervical core strength and scapular dyskinesia was also assessed in 30 professional violin players (18-40 years) compared with 30 age-matched non-players. Analysis was done using an unpaired t test. Significant change was seen with respect to extension (p = 0.051), cervical core strength (p = 0.005), right (Rt) superior angle 0° (p = 0.004), Rt superior angle 45° (p = 0.015) and Rt inferior angle 90° (p = 0.013). This study shows a significant difference in extension range of motion and cervical core strength of violin players. Also, there was scapular dyskinesia seen at 0° and 45° right-side superior angle of the scapula and 90° right-side inferior angle of the scapula.

  18. Cervical precancerous changes and selected cervical microbial infections, Kiambu County, Kenya, 2014: a cross sectional study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kanyina, Evalyne Wambui; Kamau, Lucy; Muturi, Margaret

    2017-09-25

    Cervical cancer is the predominant cancer among women in Kenya and second most common in women in developing regions. Population-based cytological screening and early treatment reduces morbidity and mortality associated with the cancer. We determined the occurrence of cervical precancerous changes and cervical microbial infections (Trichomonas vaginalis, Candida albicans, Neisseria gonorrhea and Actinomyces) among women attending Family Health Option Kenya (FHOK) clinic in Thika. This was a hospital based cross sectional study among women attending reproductive health screening clinic from November 2013 to January 2014. Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) I, II, III, cervical cancer and microbial infection (Actinomyces, Trichomonas vaginalis and Yeast cells) diagnosis was based on Pap smear screening test and High Vaginal Swab wet preparation microscopy. Neisseria gonorrhea was diagnosed through Gram staining. Socio-demographic and reproductive health data was collected using a structured questionnaire administered to the study participants and analyzed using Epi Info version 3.5.1. Of the 244 women screened, 238 (97.5%) presented with cervical inflammation, 80 (32.8%) cervical microbial infections and 12 (4.9%) cervical precancerous changes; 10 (83.3%) with CIN I and 2 (16.7%) CIN II. Of the 80 cervical microbial infections, 62 (77.5%) were yeast cell and 18 (22.5%) T. vaginalis. One thirty four (55%) participants had no history of Pap smear screening of which 84 (62.7%) were 20-40 years. Use of IUCDs (OR: 2.47, 95% CI 1.3-4.6) was associated with cervical inflammation. CIN I was the predominant cervical precancerous change. There is need to scale up cervical screening test to capture all categories of women.

  19. Incidence and mortality of cervical cancer in Latin America Incidencia y mortalidad de cáncer cervical en América Latina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Silvina Arrossi

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available Cervical cancer incidence and mortality estimates for 2000 are presented for the 21 Latin American countries, using estimates from the statistical package GLOBOCAN 2000. Additional data on time-trends are also presented, using the WHO mortality database. By the year 2000, some 76 000 cervical cancer and almost 30 000 deaths were estimated for the whole region, which represent 16% and 13% of the world burden, respectively. Thus, Latin American countries are among those with highest incidence rates in the world, together with countries from Sub-Saharan Africa, South and South East Asia. Variation in incidence among countries is large. Very high rates are found in Haiti (ASR 93.9 per 100 000, Nicaragua (ASR 61.1 per 100 000 and Bolivia (ASR 58.1 per 100 000. It seems unlikely that differences in risks in the region can be explained as the result of screening activities. Several descriptive studies carried out to evaluate the screening programmes in Latin America have pointed out problems related to insufficient coverage and frequency of screening. Other related problems include inadequate collection and reading of cytological samplings as well as incomplete follow-up of women after the test. The main challenge for Latin America countries remains on how to organize effective screening programmes, and for this, a real and urgent commitment from public health services and decision-makers in the region is needed.Se presentan estimaciones de la incidencia y de la mortalidad por cáncer cervical para los 21 países latinoamericanos en el año 2000. Se utilizaron el paquete estadístico GLOBOCAN 2000 y las bases de datos de mortalidad de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. En el año 2000, al menos 76 000 casos incidentes de cáncer cervical y 30 000 muertes se estimaron para la Región en general, lo cual representa 16 y 13% del total del mundo, respectivamente. Por lo tanto, los países de América Latina se encuentran en un área geográfica con

  20. Evaluación del seguimiento de mujeres con cáncer cervicouterino en dos policlínicos. Pinar del Río Follow-up assessment of women suffering from cervical uterine cancer in two polyclinics, Pinar del Rio

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Guillermo Sanabria Negrín

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available Introducción: A pesar de contar con un programa de detección precoz del cáncer cervicouterino de larga duración aún no se logran los resultados esperados. Objetivo: Caracterizar a las pacientes con cáncer invasor del cuello uterino en dos áreas de salud de Pinar del Río en el quinquenio 2003-2007. Material y Método: Estudio observacional, transversal, de cohorte, retrospectivo de mujeres de cualquier edad con diagnóstico de cáncer cervicouterino invasor. La información de las pacientes se tomó de los registros automatizados de las lesiones de cuello uterino de la consulta provincial de Patología de Cuello, del Provincial de Cáncer (Dirección Provincial de Salud, y del de Mortalidad General (Dirección Provincial de Salud así como de las historias clínicas de la Unidad Oncológica Provincial. Entre las variables estudiadas estuvieron si procedían o no del programa, edad, estadio clínico, tratamiento recibido, incidencia anual y el promedio en la etapa, la mortalidad y la letalidad. Resultados: Se encontró que el 70,6% de casos no se detectó por programa. La tasa de incidencia promedio fue 29.5 por 100000 mujeres de 15 años y más. Todas las pacientes recibieron el tratamiento oncoespecífico según estadio clínico. Las mayores tasas de mortalidad se encontraron en las pacientes en estadio IIIB al diagnóstico. Conclusiones: Se detectan fallas en la Atención Primaria de Salud, por falta de detección. Las tasas de incidencia de esta enfermedad no se han logrado disminuir. Y se siguen diagnosticando casos en estadios avanzados de la enfermedad, lo que acorta la sobrevida de estas pacientes.Introduction: Despite of having a program, for a long time, to the early detection of cervical uterine cancer, the results expected are not as far achieved. Objective: to characterize the patients suffering from invasive cervical uterine cancer in two health areas in Pinar del Rio province throughout five years (2003-2007. Material and

  1. Cervical Vertigo: Historical Reviews and Advances.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Peng, Baogan

    2018-01-01

    Vertigo is one of the most common presentations in adult patients. Among the various causes of vertigo, so-called cervical vertigo is still a controversial entity. Cervical vertigo was first thought to be due to abnormal input from cervical sympathetic nerves based on the work of Barré and Liéou in 1928. Later studies found that cerebral blood flow is not influenced by sympathetic stimulation. Ryan and Cope in 1955 proposed that abnormal sensory information from the damaged joint receptors of upper cervical regions may be related to pathologies of vertigo of cervical origin. Further studies found that cervical vertigo seems to originate from diseased cervical intervertebral discs. Recent research found that the ingrowth of a large number of Ruffini corpuscles into diseased cervical discs may be related to vertigo of cervical origin. Abnormal neck proprioceptive input integrated from the signals of Ruffini corpuscles in diseased cervical discs and muscle spindles in tense neck muscles secondary to neck pain is transmitted to the central nervous system and leads to a sensory mismatch with vestibular and other sensory information, resulting in a subjective feeling of vertigo and unsteadiness. Further studies are needed to illustrate the complex pathophysiologic mechanisms of cervical vertigo and to better understand and manage this perplexing entity. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  2. Tuina treatment in cervical spondylosis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Florin Mihai Hinoveanu

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available Cervical spondylosis is a common, chronic degenerative condition of the cervical spine that affects the vertebral bodies and intervertebral disks of the neck as well as the contents of the spinal canal. Common clinical syndromes associated with cervical spondylosis include cervical pain, cervical radiculopathy and/or mielopathy. This study show the main principles, indication and side effects of tuina in cervical spondylosis´ treatment; tuina is one of the external methods based on the principles of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM, especially suitable for use on the elderly population and on infants. While performing Tuina, the therapist concentrates his mind, regulates his breathing, and actuates the Qi and power of his entire body towards his hands. For a better result is recommended to try to combine acupuncture with tuina treatment. Tuina can help relieve the pain associated with spondylosis. After this kind of treatment, the symptomes produced by irritated nerves and sore muscles can find some relief. Tuina helps patients with cervical spondylosis regain muscle control, nerve function and flexibility, all through the restoration of the life force flow.

  3. Uso combinado de radiación UV-C y biorecubrimiento de quitosán con aceites esenciales para el control de hongos en papaya Maradol

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alfredo Vázquez-Ovando

    2018-05-01

    Full Text Available Resumen La antracnosis y pudrición blanda en frutos de papaya provocan deterioro de la calidad, así como grandes pérdidas durante el manejo postcosecha. El uso de estrategias individuales para el control de enfermedades resulta poco eficiente. Por lo anterior, en el presente estudio se evaluó el efecto sinérgico de varias estrategias de control sobre la incidencia de enfermedad causada por la inoculación de esporas de los hongos Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz. y Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb. en papaya var. Maradol. Se evaluaron tratamientos resultantes de la combinación del uso de biorecubrimientos compuestos elaborados con quitosán (15 g L-1 adicionadas con aceites esenciales (AE de clavo, tomillo y/o lima (5 ó 10 mL L-1 de cada AE y tres dosis de irradiación UV-C (0.97 kJ·m-2, 2 kJ·m-2 y 2.88 kJ·m-2, aplicados a las 12, 24 y 48 h post-inoculación de esporas de los fitopatógenos. El tratamiento donde se combinó el biorecubrimiento adicionado con 10 mL L-1 de AE de clavo y 10 mL L-1 de AE de tomillo y una dosis de irradiación UV-C de 2.88 kJ m-2 (B1T92 aplicado a las 24 h post-inoculación de esporas, logró mantener la incidencia de enfermedad (para ambos hongos evaluados a valores menores de 25% durante nueve días de almacenamiento a temperatura de 28 ± 3 °C y 80% de HR. Este mismo tratamiento redujo la velocidad específica de la enfermedad, con valores de 0.549 y 0.029 d-1 para C. gloeosporioidesy R. stolonifer, respectivamente. Otros tratamientos (B2T62, B1T34, B1T34, B1T94 presentaron actividad antifúngica (valores promedio de incidencia de 35% durante todo el almacenamiento para R. stolonifer. Los resultados de este trabajo demuestran que el efecto sinérgico del uso de biorecubrimientos de quitosán con aceites esenciales y energía UV-C controla el desarrollo de hongos causantes de antracnosis y pudrición blanda en frutos de papaya Maradol.

  4. Metástasis cervical contralateral en el carcinoma epidermoide de la cavidad oral: Estudio clínico analítico retrospectivo en 315 pacientes primariamente tratados con cirugía Contralateral neck metastasis in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity: An analytical retrospective clinical study of 315 patients primarily treated with surgery

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    R. González-García

    2008-06-01

    Full Text Available Objetivos. Existen en la literatura numerosos estudios en relación con los factores pronósticos implicados en la aparición de metástasis cervicales ipsilaterales en el carcinoma epidermoide de cavidad oral. Sin embargo, no existen estudios clínicos amplios acerca de la asociación de factores clínico-patológicos y la aparición de metástasis cervicales contralaterales tras la resección quirúrgica del tumor primario. El propósito de este estudio es el análisis de los factores implicados en la aparición de metástasis cervical contralateral en pacientes con carcinoma epidermoide de cavidad oral primariamente tratados con cirugía. Pacientes y métodos. Se analizó una serie de 315 pacientes consecutivos con carcinoma epidermoide de la cavidad oral no tratados previamente. Se realizó un estudio complementario del subgrupo de 203 pacientes con carcinoma epidermoide del borde lateral de la lengua libre, por tratarse de un grupo muy prevalente en la serie analizada. Todos los pacientes recibieron tratamiento quirúrgico con o sin tratamiento radioterápico adyuvante. Varias fueron las variables clínicas e histopatológicas analizadas, como son: las características clínicas del tumor, el estadio tumoral, el grado de diferenciación histológica, el tipo de disección cervical, la supervivencia enfermedad- específica, los márgenes quirúrgicos en la pieza resecada, la extensión ganglionar extracapsular, la diseminación perineural y la afectación ósea. Resultados. La duración media del seguimiento de los pacientes que sobrevivieron fue de 70,9 ± 49,6 meses. Ochenta y tres pacientes murieron a causa de la enfermedad a lo largo del seguimiento. Cuarenta y siete de estos pertenecían al subgrupo de pacientes con carcinoma epidermoide de lengua. Un total de 147 pacientes permanecía vivo sin evidencias de recurrencia de la enfermedad al final del periodo de seguimiento, 116 de los cuales correspondían al subgrupo de pacientes con

  5. Thyroid storm following anterior cervical spine surgery for tuberculosis of cervical spine

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sanjiv Huzurbazar

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Objective: The primary objective was to report this rare case and discuss the probable mechanism of thyroid storm following anterior cervical spine surgery for Kochs cervical spine.

  6. O efeito do treinamento combinado sobre a percepção subjetiva do esforço e sensação de prazer/desprazer em mulheres obesas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ragami Chaves Alves

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available As intensidades autosselecionadas observadas tanto na caminhada como no treinamento resistido em obesos são inferiores as recomendações do ACSM, (2011 as quais, promovem melhora na aptidão cardiorrespiratória e força muscular. A partir disso, surge a hipótese de combinar os exercícios, aeróbio e resistido em uma única sessão com o intuito de aumentar o volume de treinamento otimizando os ajustes fisiológicos tentando preservar baixos níveis de percepção subjetiva do esforço (PSE e sensações prazerosas (SPD observadas nessa intensidade. Desta maneira, o presente estudo teve três objetivos: 1 verificar ao longo de uma sessão de treinamento combinado a PSE e a SPD em mulheres obesas; 2 analisar se ocorrerá alteração na PSE e SPD entre os diferentes exercícios resistidos; 3 investigar se existe correlação entre a PSE e SPD. Participaram doze mulheres obesas não praticantes de exercício físico com idades de 39.2±11.1 anos e IMC: 33.6±1.2 kg.m-2 as quais, foram submetidas a uma sessão de treinamento combinado com duração total de 60 minutos. Ao longo da sessão foram reportadas a PSE e SPD. Para analisar os dados foi utilizado uma ANOVA de medidas repetidas seguido de um Post Hock de Bonferroni. Os resultados demonstram que o volume aumentado produziu baixos valores de PSE (~3 e sensações prazerosas (~3 ao longo da sessão. Não foi encontrado diferença significativa da PSE e SPD entre os exercícios resistidos e foi evidenciada uma relação negativa moderada significativa (r= -0.624; p= 0.001 com 95% IC: -0.710; -0.280 entre a PSE e SPD. Sendo assim, o treinamento combinado pode ser prescrito para mulheres obesas, pois, produz baixa percepção de esforço e sensações prazerosas.

  7. The polymethyl methacrylate cervical cage for treatment of cervical disk disease Part III. Biomechanical properties.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chen, Jyi-Feng; Lee, Shih-Tseng

    2006-10-01

    In a previous article, we used the PMMA cervical cage in the treatment of single-level cervical disk disease and the preliminary clinical results were satisfactory. However, the mechanical properties of the PMMA cage were not clear. Therefore, we designed a comparative in vitro biomechanical study to determine the mechanical properties of the PMMA cage. The PMMA cervical cage and the Solis PEEK cervical cage were compressed in a materials testing machine to determine the mechanical properties. The compressive yield strength of the PMMA cage (7030 +/- 637 N) was less than that of the Solis polymer cervical cage (8100 +/- 572 N). The ultimate compressive strength of the PMMA cage (8160 +/- 724 N) was less than that of the Solis cage (9100 +/- 634 N). The stiffness of the PMMA cervical cage (8106 +/- 817 N/mm) was greater than that of the Solis cage (6486 +/- 530 N/mm). The elastic modulus of the PMMA cage (623 +/- 57 MPa) was greater than that of the Solis cage (510 +/- 42 MPa). The elongation of PMMA cage (43.5 +/- 5.7%) was larger than that of the Solis cage (36.1 +/- 4.3%). Although the compressive yield strength and ultimate compressive strength of the PMMA cervical cage were less than those of the Solis polymer cage, the mechanical properties are better than those of the cervical vertebral body. The PMMA cage is strong and safe for use as a spacer for cervical interbody fusion. Compared with other cage materials, the PMMA cage has many advantages and no obvious failings at present. However, the PMMA cervical cage warrants further long-term clinical study.

  8. Niveles séricos de los factores de crecimiento similares a la insulina I y II y su proteína 3 de enlace en mujeres con lesiones escamosas intraepiteliales y cáncer de cuello uterino

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Martha Lucía Serrano

    2006-06-01

    Full Text Available Introducción. La citología cervico-uterina como prueba de tamizaje del cáncer cervical tiene limitaciones. Un marcador que permita identificar mujeres en riesgo de desarrollar este cáncer sería de utilidad para prevenir el desarrollo de esta enfermedad. Múltiples estudios demuestran asociación entre los factores de crecimiento similares a la insulina (IGF y varios tipos de cáncer. Objetivos. Evaluar si los niveles circulantes de IGF-I, IGF-II, y la proteína 3 de enlace a IGF (IGFBP-3 se asocian con cáncer cervical y lesiones escamosas intraepiteliales de bajo y alto grado (LEIBG y LEIAG. Materiales y métodos. Los niveles séricos de IGF-I, IGF-II e IGFBP-3 se determinaron por ELISA. Se analizaron tres grupos de casos: LEIBG (n=37, LEIAG (n=57 y cáncer cervical (n=41, apareados por edad con controles, con citología normal, negativa para ADN de VPH. Resultados. Se observaron valores de IGF-I (83,9 ng/ml versus 126,6 ng/ml, p < 0,001 y de la relación molar IGF-I:IGFBP-3 (0,094 versus 0,137, p < 0,001 menores en los casos de cáncer, comparados con sus controles. Las mujeres en el cuartil superior de IGF-I y de la relación molar IGF-I:IGFBP-3 tuvieron un riesgo de cáncer de cérvix 80% (OR = 0.2, IC 95% [0,06-0,61] y 77% (OR = 0,23, IC 95% [0,07-0,73] menor, respectivamente, en comparación con las mujeres en la categoría de referencia. Conclusiones. Estos datos sugieren que valores bajos de IGF-I y de la relación molar IGFI: IGFBP-3 se asocian con cáncer cervical.

  9. Human papillomavirus infection among Bangladeshi women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and chronic cervicitis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elisha Khandker

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Background and objectives: Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Human papillomavirus (HPV is known to be associated with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN and cancer. The objective of the present study was to determine the rate of HPV infection among the Bangladeshi women with different grades of CIN and cancer. Methods: Women aged 20 to 55 years, diagnosed as a case of chronic cervicits, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN or invasive cancer by Papanicolaou (Pap smear and colposcopy directed biopsy were enrolled in the study. High and intermediate risk oncogenic HPV were detected in cervical samples by real time PCR (rt-PCR. Results: Seventy two women with chronic cervicitis and different grades of CIN were included in the study. Out of 72 cases, 28 (38.9% and 44 (61.1% had chronic cervicitis and CIN respectively. Overall, the HPV infection rate was 43.1% (95% CI= 32%-54% among the study population. CIN cases had significantly high (p<0.01 HPV infection (78.6%; 95% CI=60%-89% compared to cases with chronic cervicitis (18.2%; 95% CI=11.1%-34.5%. Women between the age of 20-30 years had the highest positive rate (50.0% followed by 31-40 years age group (43.6%. All CIN grade 2 and 3 had HPV infection. Conclusion: The study showed that HPV was strongly associated with different grades of CIN. Specific HPV types should be determined to find out the most prevalent HPV types among the Bangladeshi women with CIN and cervical cancers. IMC J Med Sci 2016; 10(1: 29-32

  10. Determinación de los parámetros de corrosión y desgaste del par acero/aluminio en presencia de líquidos iónicos

    OpenAIRE

    Jerez Mesa, Ramón

    2008-01-01

    El presente proyecto presenta resultados obtenidos en ensayos utilizando LI combinados con aluminio 2011 y acero F-1310, tanto en ensayos de corrosión como de tribología. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial

  11. Percutaneous endoscopic cervical discectomy for discogenic cervical headache due to soft disc herniation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ahn, Y.; Lee, S.H.; Shin, S.W.; Chung, S.E.; Park, H.S.

    2005-01-01

    A discogenic cervical headache is a subtype of cervicogenic headache (CEH) that arises from a degenerative cervical disc abnormality. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of percutaneous endoscopic cervical discectomy (PECD) for patients with chronic cervical headache due to soft cervical disc herniation. Seventeen patients underwent PECD for intractable headache. The inclusion criteria were soft disc herniation without segmental instability, proven by both local anesthesia and provocative discography for headache unresponsive to conservative treatment. The mean follow-up period was 37.6 months. Fifteen of the 17 patients (88.2%) showed successful outcomes based on the Macnab criteria. Pain scores on a visual analog scale (VAS) improved from a preoperative mean of 8.35±0.79 to 2.12±1.17, postoperatively (P<0.01). The mean disc height decreased from 6.81±1.08 to 5.98±1.07 mm (P<0.01). There was no newly developed segmental instability or spontaneous fusion on follow-up radiography. In conclusion, PECD appears to be effective for chronic severe discogenic cervical headache under strict inclusion criteria. (orig.)

  12. Detección y seguimiento con inspección visual del cérvix para la prevención del cáncer cervicouterino en las zonas rurales de México Screening and follow-up for cervical cancer prevention in rural Mexico using visual inspection

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eduardo Pérez-Cruz

    2005-02-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Se comparan los nuevos métodos de detección de lesiones preneoplásicas del cérvix-inspección visual con ácido acético (IVAA e inspección visual con ácido acético y magnificación (IVAM con el aparato AviScopeMR- y el método tradicional de detección por citología. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: El estudio se llevó a cabo entre octubre de 1998 y diciembre de 2000, en dos zonas de la región de La Mixteca, en Oaxaca, México. El diseño de estudio fue de tipo ensayo comunitario. El IVAA correspondió a un brazo del estudio y el IVAM a otro; ambos métodos de detección se practicaron en mujeres que tenían entre 20 y 65 años de edad. Se incluyeron 2 240 mujeres en el brazo IVAA y 2 542 en el brazo IVAM. Las mujeres en las que la inspección visual dio un resultado positivo y una submuestra de las mujeres con resultado negativo, fueron referidas a colposcopía y, en caso de ser necesario, a biopsia de tejido cervicouterino. El análisis estadístico se presenta descriptivamente y los grupos se compararon con la prueba de Ji-cuadrada. Se presentan además los resultados de los valores diagnósticos de IVAA e IVAM, comparados con el diagnóstico por colposcopía y biopsia. RESULTADOS: El método IVAM detectó un mayor porcentaje de mujeres identificadas con alguna anomalía (16.3% que el IVAA (3.4%, así como de mujeres normales (58.5% vs. 53.8%, respectivamente. Por otra parte, el método IVAA identificó a más mujeres con cambios benignos (41.2% que el IVAM (19.6%. Este último tuvo una mayor sensibilidad (p>0.05 y una menor especificidad (pOBJECTIVE: To compare the standard cervical cancer screening procedure -the Papanicolaou test or Pap smear- with detection through visual inspection using acetic acid (VIA, and visual inspection with acetic acid assisted by Aviscope (VIAM. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was conducted between October 1998 and December 2000, in two Mixteca regions in Oaxaca, Mexico. A field trial design was used to

  13. Experimental evaluation of the stability of goat's cervical spine after percutaneous cervical diskectomy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Du Zhongli; Zhou Yicheng; Wang Chengyuan; Hong Cheng; Liu Hanqiao; Zhang Jiangfan; Ding Hui; Feng Dingyi

    1999-01-01

    Objective: To evaluate the stability of the goat's cervical spine after PCD (percutaneous cervical diskectomy). Methods: Ten adult goats were studied. Seven had PCD at C 3-4 , and three at C 4-5 . The cervical spine of the goat was studied with MR using axial, corona land sagittal images and with anteroposterior and lateral radiographs before and after PCD. The height of the disk, the disk space angle and dislocation were measured respectively before and after PCD. The data were examined by t-test. Results: The disk space (7 cases, 70%) became narrow obviously, and hyperostosis (5 cases, 50%) disk bulging (4 cases, 40%) appeared after PCD, but there was no obvious dislocation or angulation between the adjacent vertebral bodies. Conclusions: The stability of the goat's cervical spine is not affected after PCD. Indicating that this might also hold true for human cervical spine

  14. Thermal analysis of the heat recuperator of a combined cycle thermoelectric central; Analisis termico del recuperador de calor de una central termoelectrica de ciclo combinado

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Romero Paredes, Hernando; Sanchez, I; Lazcano, L C; Ambriz, Juan Jose; Alvarez, M [Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico); Gonzalez, O [Comision Federal de Electricidad, Tula (Mexico)

    1997-12-31

    The thermoelectric centrals of the combined cycle type (Brayton Cycle and Rankine Cycle) present a series of opportunities to increase the efficiency of the combined cycle or of the generated power. This paper shows the methodology for the performance of energy balances in a heat recuperator (H. R.), typically employed in the combined cycle stations operating in Mexico, for the assessment of the energy harnessing in the different sections conforming a H. R. The effect of the installation of evaporative coolers and/or an absorption cooling system at the gas turbine compressor intake on the steam generation in the heat recuperator, is evaluated. This extra generation of steam is quantified for its potential use in the same absorption refrigeration system. From the assessment, it follows up that the steam generation in the H.R. is inversely proportional to the ambient temperature and that, although the increased amount of steam generated can not be harnessed in total by the steam turbine, the remaining fraction is good enough to cover the heat demand for the operation of the refrigeration system. [Espanol] Las centrales termoelectricas del tipo ciclo combinado (ciclo Brayton y ciclo Rankine) presentan un conjunto de oportunidades para incrementar la eficiencia del ciclo combinado o bien la potencia generada. En el presente trabajo se expone la metodologia para realizar los balances de energia en un recuperador de calor (R.C.) tipicamente utilizado en las Centrales de Ciclo Combinado (CCC) que operan en Mexico, para evaluar el aprovechamiento de la energia en las diferentes secciones que conforman un R.C. Se evalua el efecto que tiene la instalacion de enfriadores evaporativos y/o un sistema de enfriamiento por absorcion en la succion del compresor de la turbina de gas sobre la generacion de vapor en el recuperador de calor. Se cuantifica esta generacion extra de vapor para su posible utilizacion en el mismo sistema de refrigeracion por absorcion. De la evaluacion se

  15. Thermal analysis of the heat recuperator of a combined cycle thermoelectric central; Analisis termico del recuperador de calor de una central termoelectrica de ciclo combinado

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Romero Paredes, Hernando; Sanchez, I.; Lazcano, L. C.; Ambriz, Juan Jose; Alvarez, M. [Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico); Gonzalez, O. [Comision Federal de Electricidad, Tula (Mexico)

    1996-12-31

    The thermoelectric centrals of the combined cycle type (Brayton Cycle and Rankine Cycle) present a series of opportunities to increase the efficiency of the combined cycle or of the generated power. This paper shows the methodology for the performance of energy balances in a heat recuperator (H. R.), typically employed in the combined cycle stations operating in Mexico, for the assessment of the energy harnessing in the different sections conforming a H. R. The effect of the installation of evaporative coolers and/or an absorption cooling system at the gas turbine compressor intake on the steam generation in the heat recuperator, is evaluated. This extra generation of steam is quantified for its potential use in the same absorption refrigeration system. From the assessment, it follows up that the steam generation in the H.R. is inversely proportional to the ambient temperature and that, although the increased amount of steam generated can not be harnessed in total by the steam turbine, the remaining fraction is good enough to cover the heat demand for the operation of the refrigeration system. [Espanol] Las centrales termoelectricas del tipo ciclo combinado (ciclo Brayton y ciclo Rankine) presentan un conjunto de oportunidades para incrementar la eficiencia del ciclo combinado o bien la potencia generada. En el presente trabajo se expone la metodologia para realizar los balances de energia en un recuperador de calor (R.C.) tipicamente utilizado en las Centrales de Ciclo Combinado (CCC) que operan en Mexico, para evaluar el aprovechamiento de la energia en las diferentes secciones que conforman un R.C. Se evalua el efecto que tiene la instalacion de enfriadores evaporativos y/o un sistema de enfriamiento por absorcion en la succion del compresor de la turbina de gas sobre la generacion de vapor en el recuperador de calor. Se cuantifica esta generacion extra de vapor para su posible utilizacion en el mismo sistema de refrigeracion por absorcion. De la evaluacion se

  16. Cervical Cancer—Health Professional Version

    Science.gov (United States)

    The primary risk factor for cervical cancer is human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Most cases of cervical cancer are preventable by routine screening and by treatment of precancerous lesions. Find evidence-based information on cervical cancer treatment, causes and prevention, screening, research, and statistics.

  17. Effects of Biofertilizers Combined with Different Soil Amendments on Potted Rice Plants Efecto de Biofertilizantes Combinado con Enmiendas del Suelo sobre Plantas de Arroz en Macetas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Arshad Javaid

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available This pot study investigated the effect of the combined application of two commercial biofertilizers viz. Biopower and EM (Effective Microorganisms on rice (Oryza sativa L. growth and yield in soils amended with farmyard manure, green manure, and NPK fertilizers. Biopower is a product of the Nuclear Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE, Pakistan, which contains species of associative and endophytic diazotrophs. EM (effective microorganisms, a product developed by Japanese scientists, consists of co-existing beneficial microorganisms, mainly species of photosynthetic and lactic acid bacteria, as well as yeast. Applying Biopower adversely affected plant growth and yield in NPK fertilizer amendment. Conversely, this biofertilizer markedly enhanced plant growth and yield in green manure amended soil while its effect was not significant in farmyard manure amendment. In green manure amendment, applying EM enhanced grain yield by 46%. Co-inoculation of Biopower and EM evidently improved root and shoot growth in farmyard manure amended soil. This study concludes that the two biofertilizers clearly enhanced shoot biomass and grain yield in green manure amended soils.El presente estudio en macetas fue realizado para investigar el efecto de la aplicación combinada de dos biofertilizantes comerciales, Biopower y EM (Effective Microorganisms, en el crecimiento y producción de arroz (Oryza sativa L. en suelos enmendados con estiércol de granja, abono verde y fertilizantes NPK. Biopower es un producto del Nuclear Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE, Pakistán, que contiene especies de diazótrofos asociativos y endofíticos. Effective Microorganisms es un producto desarrollado por científicos japoneses que consiste en microorganismos benéficos co-existentes, principalmente especies de bacterias fotosintéticas y ácido lácticas, y levadura. La aplicación de Biopower afectó adversamente el crecimiento y

  18. Cervical lung hernia

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lightwood, Robin G.; Cleland, W. P.

    1974-01-01

    Lightwood, R. G., and Cleland, W. P. (1974).Thorax, 29, 349-351. Cervical lung hernia. Lung hernias occur in the cervical position in about one third of cases. The remainder appear through the chest wall. Some lung hernias are congenital, but trauma is the most common cause. The indications for surgery depend upon the severity of symptoms. Repair by direct suture can be used for small tears in Sibson's (costovertebral) fascia while larger defects have been closed using prosthetic materials. Four patients with cervical lung hernia are described together with an account of their operations. PMID:4850946

  19. THE CERVICAL CANCER SCREENING - UNSOLVED PROBLEMS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    A. D. Kaprin

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available The problem of cervical cancer (CC for many decades continues to be the center of attention leading foreign and domestic oncologists. Malignant cervical tumors occupy the leading position among malignant neoplasms of reproductive system in women, second only to breast cancer, despite having far more effective screening compared with this disease. On predictive expert estimates (taking into account population growth and the expected increase in life expectancy by 2020 in developing countries, the rising incidence and prevalence of cervical cancer is 40%, while in developed countries - 11%. If we do not perform timely interventions for prevention and treatment of cervical cancer, after 2050 cervical cancer every year in the world will become sick 1 million women. In the last decade inRussiathere has been a gradual increase in the incidence of cervical cancer: average annual growth rate of 2.21%, General 25,18%. Cervical cancer is one of nosological forms that meet all the requirements of population-based screening. The current Russian normative documents do not give clear answers to questions concerning the age of onset of cervical cancer screening and the time interval between tests, no clear program organized cytological screening of cervical cancer.

  20. Impact of Fat Infiltration in Cervical Extensor Muscles on Cervical Lordosis and Neck Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kim, Choong-Young; Lee, Sang-Min; Lim, Seong-An; Choi, Yong-Soo

    2018-06-01

    Weakness of cervical extensor muscles causes loss of cervical lordosis, which could also cause neck pain. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of fat infiltration in cervical extensor muscles on cervical lordosis and neck pain. Fifty-six patients who suffered from neck pain were included in this study. Fat infiltration in cervical extensor muscles was measured at each level of C2-3 and C6-7 using axial magnetic resonance imaging. The visual analogue scale (VAS), 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12), and Neck Disability Index (NDI) were used for clinical assessment. The mean fat infiltration was 206.3 mm 2 (20.3%) at C2-3 and 240.6 mm 2 (19.5%) at C6-7. Fat infiltration in cervical extensor muscles was associated with high VAS scores at both levels ( p = 0.047 at C2-3; p = 0.009 at C6-7). At C2-3, there was a negative correlation between fat infiltration of the cervical extensor muscles and cervical lordosis (r = -0.216; p = 0.020). At C6-7, fat infiltration in the cervical extensor muscles was closely related to NDI ( p = 0.003) and SF-12 ( p > 0.05). However, there was no significant correlation between cervical lordosis and clinical outcomes (VAS, p = 0.112; NDI, p = 0.087; and SF-12, p > 0.05). These results suggest that fat infiltration in the upper cervical extensor muscles has relevance to the loss of cervical lordosis, whereas fat infiltration in the lower cervical extensor muscles is associated with cervical functional disability.

  1. Evaluation of arthrodesis and cervical alignment in the surgical results of cervical discectomy using polymethylmetacrylate Avaliação da artrodese e do alinhamento cervical após discectomia cervical com interposição de polimetilmetacrilato

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcelo Luis Mudo

    2009-09-01

    Full Text Available BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Surgical treatment of cervical radiculopathy with or without myelopathy is a controversy issue, although anterior discectomy is the most common form of treatment. METHOD: We present the evaluation of the arthrodesis' rate and cervical alignment in 48 patients with cervical degenerative disease (CDD submitted to anterior cervical discectomy with interposition of polymethylmetacrylate (PMMA. Odom and Nürick scales were used to evaluation of functional status before and after surgery. Cervical spine X-rays were used to access arthrodesis and alignment, at least 2 years after the procedure. RESULTS: Excellent and good results (Odom I and II were obtained in 91% of the patients with radiculopathy and in 69% of those with myelopathy. Using the chi square test of independence (1% of significance, there was no association between excellent and good clinical results with the presence of arthrodesis verified in cervical X-rays. The presence of cervical alignment had association with good results, whereas the misalignment was associated with unfavorable outcomes. Two patients died: one cervical hematoma and other from graft migration with cord compression. CONCLUSIONS: Cervical alignment was more important than fusion to achieve good surgical results in CDD.TEMA E OBJETIVO: O tratamento cirúrgico da radiculopatia cervical com ou sem mielopatia é um tema controverso, embora a discectomia por via anterior seja uma das formas mais comuns de tratamento. MÉTODO: Apresentamos a avaliação da artrodese cervical e do alinhamento pós operatório em 48 pacientes com doença degenerativa cervical (DDC submetidos a discectomia por via anterior seguida da interposição de polimetilmetacrilato (PMMA. As escalas de Odom e de Nurick foram utilizadas para avaliar o status funcional dos pacientes antes e após a cirurgia. Radiografias da coluna cervical foram utilizadas para avaliar a artrodese e o alinhamento cervical, pelo menos 2 anos ap

  2. Efectos del parto prematuro y retraso en el crecimiento fetal sobre los factores de riesgo cardiovascular durante el curso de la vida entre niños y adolescentes de escuelas oficiales de Bogotá, Colombia: Estudio FUPRECOL

    OpenAIRE

    Becerra Narváez, Ibelice Rocio

    2017-01-01

    Antecedentes. Tanto la restricción del crecimiento fetal y el parto pretérmino han sido asociados con el riesgo cardiometabólico en jóvenes y adultos. Sin embargo, sus efectos combinados sobre la salud cardiometabólica en niños y jóvenes son escasos. Objetivos. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar los efectos del peso al nacer y la edad gestacional combinados sobre los factores de riesgo cardiovascular durante el curso de la vida y la obesidad entre niños y jóvenes de edad escolar de C...

  3. Incidence of cervical dysplasia and cervical cancer in women living with HIV in Denmark

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Thorsteinsson, Kristina; Ladelund, Steen; Jensen-Fangel, Søren

    2014-01-01

    and hazard ratios (HRs) for time from inclusion to first cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)/ICC and time from first normal cervical cytology to first CIN/ICC were estimated. Sensitivity analyses were performed to include prior screening outcome, screening intensity and treatment of CIN......INTRODUCTION: Women living with HIV (WLWH) are reportedly at increased risk of invasive cervical cancer (ICC). WLWH in Denmark attend the National ICC screening program less often than women in the general population. We aimed to estimate the incidence of cervical dysplasia and ICC in WLWH...... with normal baseline cytology, incidences of CIN1+ and CIN2+ were higher in WLWH. However, incidences were comparable between WLWH and controls adherent to the National ICC screening program. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, WLWH develop more cervical disease than controls. However, incidences of CIN are comparable...

  4. Incidence of cervical dysplasia and cervical cancer in women living with HIV in Denmark

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Thorsteinsson, K; Ladelund, Steen; Jensen-Fangel, S

    2016-01-01

    , which contains nationwide records of all pathology specimens. The cumulative incidence and hazard ratios (HRs) for time from inclusion to first cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)/ICC and time from first normal cervical cytology result to first CIN/ICC were estimated. Sensitivity analyses were......OBJECTIVES: Women living with HIV (WLWH) are reportedly at increased risk of invasive cervical cancer (ICC). A recent publication found that WLWH in Denmark attend the national ICC screening programme less often than women in the general population. We aimed to estimate the incidence of cervical...... in both groups were adherent to the national ICC screening programme and had a normal baseline cytology, incidences of CIN and ICC were comparable. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, WLWH developed more cervical disease than controls. Yet, in WLWH and controls adherent to the national ICC screening programme...

  5. Relationship Between T1 Slope and Cervical Alignment Following Multilevel Posterior Cervical Fusion Surgery: Impact of T1 Slope Minus Cervical Lordosis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hyun, Seung-Jae; Kim, Ki-Jeong; Jahng, Tae-Ahn; Kim, Hyun-Jib

    2016-04-01

    Retrospective study. To assess the relationship between sagittal alignment of the cervical spine and patient-reported health-related quality-of-life scores following multilevel posterior cervical fusion, and to explore whether an analogous relationship exists in the cervical spine using T1 slope minus C2-C7 lordosis (T1S-CL). A recent study demonstrated that, similar to the thoracolumbar spine, the severity of disability increases with sagittal malalignment following cervical reconstruction surgery. From 2007 to 2013, 38 consecutive patients underwent multilevel posterior cervical fusion for cervical stenosis, myelopathy, and deformities. Radiographic measurements included C0-C2 lordosis, C2-C7 lordosis, C2-C7 sagittal vertical axis (SVA), T1 slope, and T1S-CL. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated between pairs of radiographic measures and health-related quality-of-life. C2-C7 SVA positively correlated with neck disability index (NDI) scores (r = 0.495). C2-C7 lordosis (P = 0.001) and T1S-CL (P = 0.002) changes correlated with NDI score changes after surgery. For significant correlations between C2-C7 SVA and NDI scores, regression models predicted a threshold C2-C7 SVA value of 50 mm, beyond which correlations were most significant. The T1S-CL also correlated positively with C2-C7 SVA and NDI scores (r = 0.871 and r = 0.470, respectively). Results of the regression analysis indicated that a C2-C7 SVA value of 50 mm corresponded to a T1S-CL value of 26.1°. This study showed that disability of the neck increased with cervical sagittal malalignment following surgical reconstruction and a greater T1S-CL mismatch was associated with a greater degree of cervical malalignment. Specifically, a mismatch greater than 26.1° corresponded to positive cervical sagittal malalignment, defined as C2-C7 SVA greater than 50 mm. 3.

  6. Cervical cytology and the diagnosis of cervical cancer in older women.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Landy, Rebecca; Castanon, Alejandra; Dudding, Nick; Lim, Anita Wey Wey; Hollingworth, Antony; Hamilton, Willie; Sasieni, Peter D

    2015-12-01

    Most non-screen-detected cervical cancers are advanced stage. We assess the potential for cytology to expedite diagnosis when used outside of routine call and recall screening for cervical cancer. Two cohorts of women with cytology that did not appear to have been taken as part of routine screening, nested within a census of cervical cytology, in England between April 2007 and March 2010 were studied: 93,322 women aged 40-69 at first cytology, and 14,668 women aged ≥70. The diagnostic performance of high grade cervical squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) or worse cytology was estimated. We also estimated case-fatality from stage distribution in women aged ≥66 with and without cytology in the year prior to diagnosis. There were 259 cancers diagnosed in women aged 40-69 at first cytology, and 78 in women aged ≥70. The sensitivity of cytology ≥ HSIL for cancer was 89% and 83% respectively, and the number of women needed to test to identify one cancer was 404 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 355-462) and 226 (95% CI: 177-292) respectively. Women aged ≥66 with cytology within a year of diagnosis had earlier stage cancers than those without, corresponding to a 17-22% reduction in case fatality. Cervical cytology is an excellent identifier of cancer among women tested outside routine screening call and recall. Its use as a triage tool, for instance in women with vague gynaecological symptoms, could facilitate earlier stage diagnosis and reduce cervical cancer mortality. © The Author(s) 2015.

  7. Caracterización de la neoplasia intraepitelial cervical en mujeres atendidas en el policlínico Jimmy Hirzel

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luisa Margarita Sánchez Alarcón

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available Fundamento: el cáncer de cuello uterino es, después del cáncer de mama, el que más frecuentemente afecta a la mujer. La detección y tratamiento temprano de las neoplasias intraepiteliales cervicales garantizan la calidad de vida ante esta afección. Objetivos: caracterizar a las pacientes con neoplasias intraepiteliales cervicales que son atendidas en el policlínico “Jimmy Hirzel” en el municipio Bayamo, provincia Granma, en el período comprendido entre enero y diciembre de 2013. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, en un universo de 3450 pacientes a las que se realizó citología vaginal en el período de referencia; la muestra fueron las 55 mujeres cuyos exámenes resultaron positivos. Se midieron variables como tipo de neoplasia, edad, inicio de las relaciones sexuales, presencia de cervicitis, sepsis vaginal y hábitos de fumar. Los datos se procesaron por conteo simple, se tabularon utilizando valores absolutos y porcentajes. Resultados: la presencia de la neoplasia intraepitelial cervical fue de un 1,6 %, predominando las de bajo grado (NIC I. El grupo de edad más afectado fue el de 36 a 45 años. Otros factores asociados encontrados con relativa frecuencia, en orden decreciente, fueron: sepsis vaginal, inicio de las relaciones sexuales entre 15-20 años, cervicitis y el hábito de fumar. Conclusiones: existe poca incidencia de las neoplasias intraepiteliales en el área de salud y período estudiados.

  8. Comparação do Índice de Torg obtido por meio de radiografia e ressonância magnética nos pacientes com mielopatia cervical espondilótica Comparación del Índice de Torg, obtenido por medio de radiografía y resonancia, en los pacientes con mielopatía espondilótica cervical Comparison of the Torg Index obtained by radiography and magnetic resonance in patients with spondylotic cervical myelopathy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alexandre de Oliveira Zam

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: A Mielopatia Cervical Espondilótica (MCE é uma disfunção da medula espinhal relacionada à degeneração típica do envelhecimento. No estudo de imagem podemos obter a medida do Índice de Torg, para estimar a estenose cervical. Objetivamos, assim, medir o Índice de Torg através de radiografia e ressonância magnética (RM, possibilitando verificar possíveis discrepâncias entre os métodos de medida. MÉTODOS: Realizada mensuração do Índice de Torg na radiografia e na RM da coluna cervical, sendo obtido através da relação entre a superfície posterior do corpo vertebral e o ponto mais próximo à linha laminar correspondente, dividido pelo diâmetro sagital do corpo vertebral. RESULTADOS: Participaram 29 pacientes, sendo 10 mulheres e 19 homens, com médias de idade 48,1 ± 11 anos, de peso 68,7 ± 5 Kg e de altura 1,68 ± 0,6 m. Houve diferença significativa entre o Índice de Torg calculado através de radiografia e RM, sendo menores os índices observados na RM (radiografia: 0,73 ± 0,17 vs. RM: 0,48 ± 0,14, pOBJETIVO: La Mielopatía Cervical Espondilótica (MCE es un trastorno relacionado con la degeneración de la médula espinal, típica del envejecimiento. En el estudio de imagen se puede obtener la medida del Índice de Torg para estimar la estenosis cervical. Nuestro objetivo es, por tanto, medir el índice de Torg mediante rayos-X y resonancia magnética (RM, posibilitando verificar posibles discrepancias entre los métodos de medición. MÉTODOS: Se realiza la medición del Índice de Torg en la radiografía y en la resonancia magnética de la columna cervical, siendo obtenido mediante la determinación de la relación entre la superficie posterior del cuerpo vertebral y el punto más cercano a la línea de la lámina correspondiente, dividido por el diámetro sagital del cuerpo vertebral. RESULTADOS: Participó un total de pacientes 29, siendo 10 mujeres y 19 hombres, edad promedio de 48,1 ± 11 años, peso

  9. Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Cervical Vertigo.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Yongchao; Peng, Baogan

    2015-01-01

    Cervical vertigo is characterized by vertigo from the cervical spine. However, whether cervical vertigo is an independent entity still remains controversial. In this narrative review, we outline the basic science and clinical evidence for cervical vertigo according to the current literature. So far, there are 4 different hypotheses explaining the vertigo of a cervical origin, including proprioceptive cervical vertigo, Barré-Lieou syndrome, rotational vertebral artery vertigo, and migraine-associated cervicogenic vertigo. Proprioceptive cervical vertigo and rotational vertebral artery vertigo have survived with time. Barré-Lieou syndrome once was discredited, but it has been resurrected recently by increased scientific evidence. Diagnosis depends mostly on patients' subjective feelings, lacking positive signs, specific laboratory examinations and clinical trials, and often relies on limited clinical experiences of clinicians. Neurological, vestibular, and psychosomatic disorders must first be excluded before the dizziness and unsteadiness in cervical pain syndromes can be attributed to a cervical origin. Treatment for cervical vertigo is challenging. Manual therapy is recommended for treatment of proprioceptive cervical vertigo. Anterior cervical surgery and percutaneous laser disc decompression are effective for the cervical spondylosis patients accompanied with Barré-Liéou syndrome. As to rotational vertebral artery vertigo, a rare entity, when the exact area of the arterial compression is identified through appropriate tests such as magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), computed tomography angiography (CTA) or digital subtraction angiography (DSA) decompressive surgery should be the chosen treatment.

  10. Cervical Cancer Stage IIIB

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... by the cancer. This blockage can cause the kidney to enlarge or stop working. Stage IIIB cervical cancer. Topics/Categories: Anatomy -- Gynecologic Cancer Types -- Cervical Cancer Staging Type: Color, ...

  11. The Biomechanics of Cervical Spondylosis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lisa A. Ferrara

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Aging is the major risk factor that contributes to the onset of cervical spondylosis. Several acute and chronic symptoms can occur that start with neck pain and may progress into cervical radiculopathy. Eventually, the degenerative cascade causes desiccation of the intervertebral disc resulting in height loss along the ventral margin of the cervical spine. This causes ventral angulation and eventual loss of lordosis, with compression of the neural and vascular structures. The altered posture of the cervical spine will progress into kyphosis and continue if the load balance and lordosis is not restored. The content of this paper will address the physiological and biomechanical pathways leading to cervical spondylosis and the biomechanical principles related to the surgical correction and treatment of kyphotic progression.

  12. Abnormal Cervical Cancer Screening Test Results

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... AQ FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS FAQ187 GYNECOLOGIC PROBLEMS Abnormal Cervical Cancer Screening Test Results • What is cervical cancer screening? • What causes abnormal cervical cancer screening test ...

  13. Cervical Chondrocutaneous Branchial Remnants.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Klockars, Tuomas; Kajosaari, Lauri

    2017-03-01

    Cervical chondrocutaneous branchial remnants are rare malformations usually found in the lower neck. As high as 76% of patients have been reported to have associated anomalies. We review the literature and report a case series of seven patients with cervical cartilaginous remnants.   A retrospective case series of seven patients identified from the electronic hospital records.   Seven patients with cervical chondrocutaneous branchial remnants were identified (six boys and one girl). Only one of the patients had associated anomalies.   A review of the literature revealed no evidence for sinuses or cysts related to cervical chondrocutaneous branchial remnants. Operative treatment can be postponed to a suitable and safe age. There is marked variation in the reported prevalence of associated anomalies, ranging from 11% to 76%.

  14. Human Papilloma Virus 16 and 18 Association in Cervical Intraepithelial Lesions and Cervical Cancers by In Situ Hybridization

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mohanty Manisa

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available Objective: To correlate the association of high risk Human Papilloma Virus (HPV 16, 18 in cervical intraepithelial lesions and cervical cancers by in-situ hybridization (ISH technique. Study Group: Cervical biopsy and hysterectomy specimen of 78 young and adult women, attending Hi-Tech Medical College and Hospital, Bhubaneswar, who were clinically or cytologically suspected of cervical intraepithelial lesion or cervical cancer were taken as source of target viral DNA. Material: Formalin 10% as fixative H & E stain as routine staining agent In-situ hybridization kit for HPV 16 and 18 DNA. Method: After following standard protocol for surgical grossing, HPV 16, 18 In-situ hybridization kit was used on paraffin embedded tissue sections. Results: The percentage of positive cases was highest in cervical cancer patients followed by cervical intraepithelial lesions, high grade, and low grade. Conclusion: This study has been carried out for the first in our state and our results show high degree of positivity of HPV 16/18 in females with cervical intraepithelial lesions and cervical cancers attending our tertiary care hospital.

  15. Modernization of the subsystem man-machine interface for operation of the combined cycle central of Gomez Palacio; Modernizacion del subsistema de interfaz hombre-maquina para operacion de la central de ciclo combinado de Gomez Palacio

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Rivas S, Alfonso; Uribe B, Carlos E; Alvarez C, Victor [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)

    2002-07-01

    In order to take care of the modernization of the Combined Cycle Central of Gomez Palacio (CCCGP) of the Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE), the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), through the Management of Supervision of Processes (GSP) developed the subsystem of Interface Man-Machine (IMM), to replace the workstations that are deteriorated and obsolete by personal computers, maintaining the same functions of the IMM of the present system, including the management and processing functions that at the present time another system makes. Also, to replace the equipment of the concentrators of communications by a PC with greater capacity, than allows improving in general the flexibility and robustness of the system. Among the main functions integrated in the IMM subsystem there are: the communications master with the controllers (equipment SAC), redundancy of servers, database, historical registry storage, alarm management, tabulations, tendency graphs in real time and historical, process diagrams and Control Panels. [Spanish] Con el objeto de atender las necesidades de modernizacion de la Central de Ciclo Combinado Gomez Palacio (CCCGP) de la Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE), el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), a traves de la Gerencia de Supervision de Procesos (GSP) desarrollo el subsistema de Interfaz Hmbre-Maquina (IHM), para reemplazar las estaciones de trabajo que se encuentran deterioradas y obsoletas por computadoras personales, manteniendo las mismas funciones de la IHM del sistema actual, incluyendo las funciones de administracion y procesamiento que en la actualidad realiza otro sistema. Asimismo, para reemplazar los equipos de los concentradores de comunicaciones por PC con mayor capacidad, que permitan mejorar la flexibilidad y robustez del sistema en general. Entre las principales funciones integradas en el subsistema de IHM se encuentran: el Maestro de comunicaciones con los controladores (equipo SAC), redundancia de

  16. Screening for Cervical Cancer

    Science.gov (United States)

    Understanding Task Force Recommendations Screening for Cervical Cancer The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (Task Force) has issued final recommendations on Screening for Cervical Cancer . These recommendations are for women ...

  17. Avaliação do tratamento combinado de lixiviado de aterro sanitário e esgoto sanitário em sistema de lodos ativados

    OpenAIRE

    Edilincon Martins de Albuquerque

    2012-01-01

    Um dos principais resíduos gerados nos aterros é o lixiviado, que possui elevada concentração de matéria orgânica biodegradável e refratária e de matéria inorgânica, como nitrogênio amoniacal e metais pesados. O tratamento combinado de lixiviado com esgoto sanitário tem sido utilizado em algumas estações de tratamento de esgoto (ETE) brasileiras. No entanto, o processo ainda sofre vários questionamentos e incertezas, especialmente sobre os efeitos da adição do lixiviado sobre o sistema de tra...

  18. Cervical cancer: A global health crisis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Small, William; Bacon, Monica A; Bajaj, Amishi; Chuang, Linus T; Fisher, Brandon J; Harkenrider, Matthew M; Jhingran, Anuja; Kitchener, Henry C; Mileshkin, Linda R; Viswanathan, Akila N; Gaffney, David K

    2017-07-01

    Cervical cancer is the fourth most common malignancy diagnosed in women worldwide. Nearly all cases of cervical cancer result from infection with the human papillomavirus, and the prevention of cervical cancer includes screening and vaccination. Primary treatment options for patients with cervical cancer may include surgery or a concurrent chemoradiotherapy regimen consisting of cisplatin-based chemotherapy with external beam radiotherapy and brachytherapy. Cervical cancer causes more than one quarter of a million deaths per year as a result of grossly deficient treatments in many developing countries. This warrants a concerted global effort to counter the shocking loss of life and suffering that largely goes unreported. This article provides a review of the biology, prevention, and treatment of cervical cancer, and discusses the global cervical cancer crisis and efforts to improve the prevention and treatment of the disease in underdeveloped countries. Cancer 2017;123:2404-12. © 2017 American Cancer Society. © 2017 American Cancer Society.

  19. Cervical Microbiome and Cytokine Profile at Various Stages of Cervical Cancer: A Pilot Study.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Astride Audirac-Chalifour

    Full Text Available Cervical cancer (CC is caused by high-risk human papillomavirus persistence due to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment mediated by cytokines. Vaginal microbiota determines the presence of certain cytokines locally. We assessed the association between cervical microbiota diversity and the histopathological diagnosis of each stage of CC, and we evaluated mRNA cervical expression levels of IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TGF-β1, TNF-α and IFN-γ across the histopathological diagnosis and specific bacterial clusters. We determined the cervical microbiota by high throughput sequencing of 16S rDNA amplicons and classified it in community state types (CST. Mean difference analyses between alpha-diversity and histopathological diagnosis were carried out, as well as a β-diversity analysis within the histological diagnosis. Cervical cytokine mRNA expression was analyzed across the CSTs and the histopathological diagnoses. We found a significant difference in microbiota's diversity in NCL-HPV negative women vs those with squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL and CC(p = 0.006, p = 0.036.When β-diversity was evaluated, the CC samples showed the highest variation within groups (p<0.0006 and the largest distance compared to NCL-HPV negative ones (p<0.00001. The predominant bacteria in women with normal cytology were L. crispatus and L. iners, whereas for SIL, it was Sneathia spp. and for CC, Fusobacterium spp. We found higher median cervical levels of IL-4 and TGF-β1 mRNA in the CST dominated by Fusobacterium spp. These results suggest that the cervical microbiota may be implicated in cervical cancer pathology. Further cohort studies are needed to validate these findings.

  20. Role of Lactobacillus in cervical cancer

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yang X

    2018-05-01

    Full Text Available Xi Yang,1 Miao Da,2 Wenyuan Zhang,3 Quan Qi,4 Chun Zhang,5 Shuwen Han4 1Department of Intervention and Radiotherapy, Huzhou Central Hospital, 2Medical College of Nursing, Huzhou University, 3Department of Gynaecology, 4Department of Medical Oncology, 5Department of Infectious Diseases, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China Abstract: Cervical cancer is a common malignant cancer among women worldwide. Changes in the vaginal microecological environment lead to multiple gynecological diseases, including cervical cancer. Recent research has shown that Lactobacillus may play an important role in the occurrence and development of cervical cancer. This review explores the role of Lactobacillus in cervical cancer. A total of 29 articles were included after identification and screening. The pertinent literature on Lactobacillus in cervical cancer from two perspectives, including clinical studies and experimental studies, was analyzed. An association network for the mechanism by which Lactobacillus induces cervical cancer was constructed. In addition, we provide direction and insight for further research on the role of Lactobacillus in cervical cancer. Keywords: CIN, cervical cancer, Lactobacillus, microorganism

  1. Artrodese na coluna cervical utilizando SICAP como substituto de enxerto ósseo Artrodesis en la columna cervical utilizando SICAP como sustituto de injerto óseo Cervical spine fusion utilizing silicated calcium phosphate bone graft substitute (SICAP

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juliano Fratezi

    2011-01-01

    Tech EE.UU, Reino Unido es un injerto óseo compuesto de calcio-fosfato con una sustitución de silicato en la estructura química, con una estructura tridimensional que parece hueso natural. MÉTODOS: 19 pacientes fueron sometidos a fusión ósea cervical y analizados retrospectivamente. La evaluación radiográfica y la evaluación clínica fueron realizadas utilizandose el cuestionario Neck Disability Index y la escala análoga del dolor (VAS pre y postoperación. RESULTADOS: El período promedio de seguimiento postoperatorio fue de 14 meses ± 5 meses (7-30 meses. Once pacientes fueron sometidos a fusión vía anterior; 5 pacientes vía posterior y 3 pacientes vía anterior y posterior. La revisión radiográfica mostró 19/19 (100% de fusión ósea, ningún caso presentó subsidencia, rotura o soltura de material de implante o movimiento en los niveles fusionados. Ningún ejemplo de osificación heterotópica o de crecimiento óseo intracanal fue observado. Clínicamente, el promedio de las puntuaciones del Neck Disability disminuyeron 13,3 puntos (promedio preop. de 34,5, postop. de 21,2, mejora de 39%, el promedio de VAS para dolor cervical disminuyó 2 puntos (2,7 preop. para 0,7 postop.; mejora de 74,1%. No fueron observadas complicaciones como infección, osteólisis o edema excesivo de las partes blandas. CONCLUSIÓN: Los resultados preliminares obtenidos en esta serie feuron estimulantes con el uso de SICaP como injerto óseo, con sólida fusión ósea obtenida en todos los casos y sin formación de osificación heterotópica o crecimiento de hueso intracanal. SIcaP demuestra ser un sustituto confiable para el injerto óseo autólogo en la columna cervical.OBJECTIVE: Bone graft substitutes have been developed to obviate the need for autograft from the iliac crest and its resultant complications. SiCaP (Actifuse, ApaTech US, UK is a calcium phosphate bone graft substitute with selective controlled silicate substitution in a patented 3-dimensional structure

  2. Stages of Cervical Cancer

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... cancer is found early. Signs and symptoms of cervical cancer include vaginal bleeding and pelvic pain. These and other signs and symptoms may be caused by cervical cancer or by other conditions . Check with your ...

  3. Neuromielitis óptica con alta expresión de acuaporina-4 y anticuerpos anti-acuaporina-4 positivos en suero

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alejandra Báez

    2012-04-01

    Full Text Available La presencia de anticuerpos IgG en suero, con blanco en los canales de acuaporina-4, es específica de la neuromielitis óptica (NMO. El 60% de los pacientes con NMO presentan lesiones cerebrales en la resonancia magnética (RM; en un 8% (mayoría niños estas lesiones se consideraron "atípicas". Presentamos dos pacientes con NMO y lesiones en el SNC de alta expresión de acuaporina-4. Caso 1: varón de 50 años, que comenzó con pérdida de visión en ojo derecho (OD. Recibió tratamiento empírico con metilprednisolona 1 g/d x 3 días. Al mes presentó dolor generalizado y hemiparesia derecha; nuevamente recibió metilprednisolona 1 g/d x 5 días e IgG IV 400 mg/kg/d × 5 días. Recuperó la deambulación persistiendo el dolor y fenómenos paroxísticos en los 4 miembros. Potenciales evocados visuales: P100, ojo izquierdo (OI 123 mseg. OD sin respuesta. La RM de cerebro (FLAIR mostró hiperintensidad en nervio óptico derecho, hipotálamo y comisura blanca anterior. RM cervical: lesión medular extensa (5 cuerpos vertebrales. Caso 2: mujer de 53 años, con disminución de la agudeza visual en ambos ojos y parestesias en miembros inferiores que remitieron espontáneamente. Evolucionó al mes con cuadriparesia e incontinencia esfinteriana. Recibió metilprednisolona 1 g/d x 5 días, sin mejoría. Potenciales evocados visuales: P100 OI 124 mseg. OD 128 mseg. RM cerebro: (FLAIR hiperintensidad hipotalámica y periacueductal. RM cervical: lesión medular extensa (7 cuerpos vertebrales. Anticuerpos anti-acuaporina-4 positivos en ambos pacientes (inmunofluorescencia indirecta. Las lesiones consideradas "atípicas", como aquí, en sitios con alta densidad de proteínas canales de agua AQP4 deberán considerarse para el diagnóstico diferencial.

  4. Cervical Myelopathy in Rheumatoid Arthritis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    N. Mukerji

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Involvement of the cervical spine is common in rheumatoid arthritis. Clinical presentation can be variable, and symptoms may be due to neck pain or compressive myeloradiculopathy. We discuss the pathology, grading systems, clinical presentation, indications for surgery and surgical management of cervical myelopathy related to rheumatoid arthritis in this paper. We describe our surgical technique and results. We recommend early consultation for surgical management when involvement of the cervical spine is suspected in rheumatoid arthritis. Even patients with advanced cervical myelopathy should be discussed for surgical treatment, since in our experience improvement in function after surgery is common.

  5. EFECTIVIDAD Y EFICIENCIA DE LOS ANTIVIRUS GRATUITOS COMBINADOS FRENTE AL MALWARE

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marlon Renné Navia Mendoza

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available El estudio consistió en evaluar cuatro antivirus gratuitos con el objetivo de observar su rendimiento y carga de trabajo producida, tanto de forma individual como de forma combinada, al momento de proteger un computador contra el malware, para determinar qué tan conveniente es utilizar más de un antivirus a la vez. Para este proceso, se utilizó computadores con S.O. Windows 7 Profesional de 64 bits con varios programas utilitarios de uso común. Los aspectos considerados en la evaluación fueron: la carga de trabajo en el sistema, la protección ante amenazas y la utilidad en general. Se emplearon utilidades adicionales, como AppTimer o BootRacer para medir los parámetros de funcionamiento del software instalado en el computador. Los resultados obtenidos han permitido inferir la eficiencia de los antivirus tanto de forma individual y combinada, con la diferencia que la segunda modalidad requiere más recursos.

  6. El conocimiento de profesionales de la salud sobre la prevención del cáncer cervical. Alternativas de educación médica Knowledge of healthcare professionals on cervical cancer prevention. Alternatives for medical education

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Edna Arillo-Santillán

    2000-02-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Evaluar el nivel de conocimientos que diversos tipos de profesionales de la salud tienen sobre la prevención del cáncer cervical. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio transversal entre 520 profesionales de la salud del estado de Morelos durante 1998, para evaluar y cuantificar el nivel de conocimientos que poseen en relación con el impacto, la etiología, el tamizaje, el diagnóstico y el tratamiento del cáncer cervicouterino. Se aplicó un cuestionario con escala de 1 a 10, y la muestra incluyó a especialistas en medicina familiar, especialistas de áreas clínicas, enfermeras especialistas y generales, así como trabajadoras sociales. El análisis estadístico incluyó análisis de varianza y estimación de intervalos de confianza al 95%. RESULTADOS: La media del nivel de conocimiento acerca de la prevención del cáncer cervicouterino fue de 4.74, con un intervalo de confianza (IC al 95% de 4.57-4.88, en una escala máxima de 10. La mayor diferencia en el índice de conocimiento acerca de el diagnóstico, la prevención y el tratamiento del cáncer cervical se observó entre los médicos de especialidades clínicas ( o = 5.21, IC95% 4.81-5.60, en comparación con las trabajadoras sociales ( o = 3.07, IC95% 2.31-3.82. En la mayoría de los casos, la periodicidad con la que una mujer debe hacerse la prueba de Papanicolaou se postula menor a un año, y existe un pobre consenso en relación con el periodo de edad en que debe obtenerse dicha prueba. El nivel de conocimientos es menor conforme se tratan de identificar aspectos etiológicos y perspectivas de tratamiento. CONCLUSIONES: La educación médica continua es necesaria para el desarrollo óptimo de un programa de detección oportuna de cáncer cervical. Los resultados del estudio en el estado de Morelos revelan que, además de mejorar los programas académicos de formación de pregrado, es necesario incrementar las intervenciones educativas entre los profesionales de

  7. Caracterización del sacrificio de corderos de pelo a partir de cruces con razas criollas colombianas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    William Albarracín H.

    2013-03-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo. Evaluar el efecto genético del cruce de corderos Dorper con razas criollas colombianas, tiempo de ayuno y aturdimiento sobre los rendimientos del sacrificio; niveles de glucosa como medida de estrés y pH como calidad de la canal. Materiales y métodos. Se emplearon 60 corderos raza Dorper X criollo criados en pastoreo y semi-estabulación con 10 semanas de edad. Se aplicaron 3 tiempos de ayuno (6, 12 y 18 horas y 2 métodos de aturdimiento (electronarcosis y perno cautivo penetrante, evaluando los rendimientos de canal por pesaje de canales; glucosa en muestras antemortem y postmortem. Resultados. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que el efecto combinado de ayuno y sistema de cría influencian los rendimientos de canal y subproductos. A tiempos prolongados de ayuno se aumenta la concentración de glucosa en sangre, aunque el tiempo de ayuno incide sobre el pH último. El efecto del aturdimiento, solo se presenta en el cambio de pH durante 24 horas, siendo un efecto de estimulación eléctrica por parte de la electronarcosis. Los animales de raza Dorper x criollo criados en sistema de pastoreo, presentaron mejores rendimientos en canal, pero menores porcentajes de vísceras blancas y rojas. Conclusiones. El porcentaje medio de rendimiento en canal es similar a los presentados en razas puras Dorper siendo viable y comparable este tipo de cruce.

  8. [Clinical observation on improvement of motion range of cervical spine of patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy treated with rotation-traction manipulation and neck pain particles and cervical neck pain rehabilitation exercises].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhen, Peng-Chao; Zhu, Li-Guo; Gao, Jing-Hua; Yu, Jie; Feng, Min-Shan; Wei, Xu; Wang, Shang-Quan

    2010-10-01

    To observe the effects of two different therapies on patients whose cervical function were restricted due to cervical spondylotic radiculopathy. Form April 2008 to October 2009, 71 cases with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy were divided into group A (36 cases) and group B (35 cases). Among them, 22 cases were male and 49 cases were female, ranging in age form 45 to 65 years with an average of 52.27 years, course of disease was from 3 days to 5 years. The patients in group A were treated with rotation-traction manipulation, neck pain particles and cervical rehabilitation exercises; and the patients in group B were treated with cervical traction, Diclofenac sodium sustained release tablets and wearing neck collar. Theapeutic time was two weeks. The cervical anteflexion, extension, left and right lateral bending, left and right rotative activity were measured by helmet-style activities instrument before and after treatment (at the 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 days and 1 month after treatment respectively). There were no difference between two groups in cervical activity in all directions before treatment (P > 0.05). Compared with the beginning, cervical anteflexion and extension showed significant difference at the 5th day after treatment in group A (P cervical anteflexion showed significant difference at the 13th day after treatment (P 0.05); cervical extension showed significant difference at the 7th day after treatment compared with the beginning (P cervical anteflexion, left and right lateral bending, left and right rotative activity showed significant difference at the 1 month after treatment (P pain particles and cervical rehabilitation exercises in treating cervicalspondylotic radiculopathy have quick effect to improve the activities of cervical anteflexion, extension, left lateral bending, and have durable effect to improve the activities of cervical spine in all directions.

  9. [Early effectiveness of discover cervical artificial disc replacement in treatment of cervical spondylosis].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Qian, Yufeng; Xue, Feng; Sheng, Xiaowen; Lu, Jianmin; Chen, Bingqian

    2012-03-01

    To investigate the early effectiveness of the Discover cervical artificial disc replacement in treating cervical spondylosis. Qualified for the selective standard, 24 patients with cervical spondylosis were treated between March 2010 and March 2011. Of 24 patients, 13 patients underwent anterior cervical decompression and fusion (ACDF) (ACDF group, between March 2010 and September 2010) and 11 patients underwent Discover cervical artificial disc replacement (CADR group, between September 2010 and March 2011). There was no significant difference in gender, age, disease duration, lesions typing, and affected segments between 2 groups (P > 0.05). The operative time, blood loss, and complications were recorded. Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores, Neck Disability Index (NDI) scores, and Odom's scores were used to evaluate the postoperative effectiveness. In CADR group, the cervical range of motion (ROM) in all directions, and prosthesis eccentricity were measured before and after operation. Symptoms disappeared and no complication occurred after operation in the patients of 2 groups. The patients were followed up 12 to 18 months (mean, 15.3 months) in ACDF group and 6 to 12 months (mean, 9.6 months) in CADR group. The NDI scores in CADR group were significantly higher than those in ACDF group at 1, 3, and 6 months (P 0.05). According to Odom's score at last follow-up, the results were excellent in 6 cases, good in 4 cases, and fair in 3 cases with an excellent and good rate of 76.92% in ACDF group, and were excellent in 9 cases, good in 1 case, and poor in 1 case with an excellent and good rate of 90.91% in CADR group, showing no significant difference (chi2 = 3.000, P = 0.223). The patients in CADR group had significant limit of cervical joint ROM in flexion and extension and right bending at 1 month (P value (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, ROM in left bending were bigger than that in right bending in replaced segment and upper segment (P < 0.05), and the ROM

  10. Cervical stability training with and without core stability training for patients with cervical disc herniation: A randomized, single-blind study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Buyukturan, B; Guclu-Gunduz, A; Buyukturan, O; Dadali, Y; Bilgin, S; Kurt, E E

    2017-11-01

    This study aims at evaluating and comparing the effects of cervical stability training to combined cervical and core stability training in patients with neck pain and cervical disc herniation. Fifty patients with neck pain and cervical disc herniation were included in the study, randomly divided into two groups as cervical stability and cervical-core stability. Training was applied three times a week in three phases, and lasted for a total duration of 8 weeks. Pain, activation and static endurance of deep cervical flexor muscles, static endurance of neck muscles, cross-sectional diameter of M. Longus Colli, static endurance of trunk muscles, disability and kinesiophobia were assessed. Pain, activation and static endurance of deep cervical flexors, static endurance of neck muscles, cross-sectional diameter of M. Longus Colli, static endurance of trunk muscles, disability and kinesiophobia improved in both groups following the training sessions (p training methods revealed that the cervical stability group produced a greater increase in the right transverse diameter of M. Longus Colli (p training provided benefit to patients with cervical disc herniation. The addition of core stability training did not provide any additional significant benefit. Further research is required to investigate the efficacy of combining other techniques with cervical stability training in patients with cervical disc herniation. Both cervical stability training and its combination with core stability training were significantly and similarly effective on neck pain and neck muscle endurance in patients with cervical disc herniation. © 2017 European Pain Federation - EFIC®.

  11. Cervical Dystonia (Spasmodic Torticollis)

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Many people who have cervical dystonia also experience neck pain that can radiate into the shoulders. The disorder also can cause headaches. In some people, the pain from cervical dystonia can be exhausting and disabling. Causes In ...

  12. Cervical carcinoma and sexual behavior: collaborative reanalysis of individual data on 15,461 women with cervical carcinoma and 29,164 women without cervical carcinoma from 21 epidemiological studies

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Kjær, Susanne Krüger

    2009-01-01

    of sexual partners and age at first sexual intercourse from 21 studies, or groups of studies, including 10,773 women with invasive cervical carcinoma, 4,688 women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3)/carcinoma in situ, and 29,164 women without cervical carcinoma. Relative risks......High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types cause most cervical carcinomas and are sexually transmitted. Sexual behavior therefore affects HPV exposure and its cancer sequelae. The International Collaboration of Epidemiological Studies of Cervical Cancer has combined data on lifetime number...... for invasive cancer and CIN3 were estimated by conditional logistic regression. Risk of invasive cervical carcinoma increased with lifetime number of sexual partners (P for linear trend or =6 versus 1 partner, conditioned on age, study, and age at first intercourse, was 2...

  13. The male role in cervical cancer El papel del varón en el cáncer cervical

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Xavier Castellsagué

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available Experimental, clinical, and epidemiological evidence strongly suggests that genital Human Papillomaviruses (HPVs are predominantly sexually transmitted. Epidemiological studies in virginal and HPV-negative women clearly indicate that sexual intercourse is virtually a necessary step for acquiring HPV. As with any other sexually transmitted disease (STD men are implicated in the epidemiological chain of the infection. Penile HPVs are predominantly acquired through sexual contacts. Sexual contacts with women who are prostitutes play an important role in HPV transmission and in some populations sex workers may become an important reservoir of high-risk HPVs. Acting both as "carriers" and "vectors" of oncogenic HPVs male partners may markedly contribute to the risk of developing cervical cancer in their female partners. Thus, in the absence of screening programs, a woman's risk of cervical cancer may depend less on her own sexual behavior than on that of her husband or other male partners. Although more rarely than women, men may also become the "victims" of their own HPV infections as a fraction of infected men are at an increased risk of developing penile and anal cancers. Male circumcision status has been shown to reduce the risk not only of acquiring and transmitting genital HPVs but also of cervical cancer in their female partners. More research is needed to better understand the natural history and epidemiology of HPV infections in men.Evidencia experimental, clínica y epidemiológica demuestra que los papilomavirus humanos (VPH genitales son predominantemente de transmisión sexual. Estudios experimentales en mujeres vírgenes y en mujeres VPH-negativas indican de forma clara que el coito es virtualmente un paso necesario para adquirir el VPH. Como ocurre con cualquier otra infección de transmisión sexual (ITS los varones están implicados en la cadena epidemiológica de la infección. Los VPH en el pene son predominantemente adquiridos a

  14. Cervical spinal cord injuries in patients with cervical spondylosis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Regenbogen, V S; Rogers, L F; Atlas, S W; Kim, K S

    1986-02-01

    Eighty-eight patients over age 40 with traumatic cervical spinal cord injuries were clinically and radiographically evaluated, and comparison was made with 35 spinal cord injury patients under age 36. While most older patients sustained obvious bony and/or ligamentous damage commensurate with their neurologic findings, 25 (28%) of the 88 patients had no demonstrable bony abnormalities and 17 (20%) of the 88 patients had only minimal evidence of bony injury. Of particular interest are the patients with severe cord injuries, yet no bony abnormalities, who seem to form a distinct subgroup of the cervical spinal cord injury patient on the basis of radiographic and clinical features. Of these 25 patients, 24 (96%) had severe cervical spondylosis. Fourteen (56%) of the 25 patients were injured in falls, five (36%) of these 14 being of a seemingly trivial nature. Of the 42 patients with minimal or no demonstrable bony abnormalities, 33 (79%) were evaluated with plain tomography and no occult fractures or other significant pathology was demonstrated. Pantopaque myelography in 27 (64%) of the 42 cases revealed no extruded disk or other surgical lesion in any patient. In large measure, these injuries can be attributed to cervical spondylosis, which narrows the canal and makes the cord more susceptible to compression by the bulging ligamenta flava during hyperextension.

  15. The radiographic observation of the cervical strain

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Rhee, Chung Sik

    1972-01-01

    A total of 100 cases of cervical disorders were analysed of clinical signs and symptoms. The cervical strain is proved by the loss of normal lordotic curvature of the cervical spinal column on the lateral x-ray film in Ewha University Hospital from January, 1970 to december 1971 with the following results. 1. The 53 cervical strain was diagnosed in radiographic study for its abnormal locations. The hyperextension with abnormal curve is twice more after than hyperflection type. 2. The most frequent location of the cervical strain is demonstrated in the 4-6 th cervical spinal bodies (80%). 3. Most pronounced symptoms of cervical strain are local tenderness (40%), limitation of motion (17%) and radiating pain (15%). 4. The ratio of the sex incidence of male female was 3:2

  16. The radiographic observation of the cervical strain

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Rhee, Chung Sik [Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

    1972-12-15

    A total of 100 cases of cervical disorders were analysed of clinical signs and symptoms. The cervical strain is proved by the loss of normal lordotic curvature of the cervical spinal column on the lateral x-ray film in Ewha University Hospital from January, 1970 to december 1971 with the following results. 1. The 53 cervical strain was diagnosed in radiographic study for its abnormal locations. The hyperextension with abnormal curve is twice more after than hyperflection type. 2. The most frequent location of the cervical strain is demonstrated in the 4-6 th cervical spinal bodies (80%). 3. Most pronounced symptoms of cervical strain are local tenderness (40%), limitation of motion (17%) and radiating pain (15%). 4. The ratio of the sex incidence of male female was 3:2.

  17. Imaging in cervical cancer.

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Follen, M.; Levenback, C.F.; Iyer, R.B.; Grigsby, P.W.; Boss, E.A.; Delpassand, E.S.; Fornage, B.D.; Fishman, E.K.

    2003-01-01

    Cervical cancer traditionally has been staged clinically. Advances in imaging could improve the staging of cervical cancer by facilitating the detection of lymph node metastases and micrometastases in distant organs. Such progress could lead to improvements in treatment selection and therefore

  18. Los cementos de ionómero vítreo de alta viscosidad para el éxito del tratamiento restaurador atraumático.

    OpenAIRE

    Brain Lascano, Laura C.

    2016-01-01

    Objetivo: Evaluar mediante un estudio in vitro las propiedades: Resistencia Compresiva (RC), Resistencia Flexural (RF), Resistencia al Desgaste (RD), Rugosidad Superficial (RS), Dureza Vickers (HV) y Remineralizacion de los Tejidos Adyacentes (RTA), de diversos CIV de alta viscosidad usados en el TRA con diversos materiales de recubrimiento superficial. Materiales y Métodos: Se analizaron 5 CIV: EQUIA FIL, Fuji IX, Ketac Molar Easymix, Ionofil Molar, Vitremer, combinados con diferen...

  19. Nuclear expression of Rac1 in cervical premalignant lesions and cervical cancer cells

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mendoza-Catalán, Miguel A; Castañeda-Saucedo, Eduardo; Cristóbal-Mondragón, Gema R; Adame-Gómez, Jesús; Valle-Flores, Heidi N del; Coppe, José Fco; Sierra-López, Laura; Romero-Hernández, Mirna A; Carmen Alarcón-Romero, Luz del; Illades-Aguiar, Berenice

    2012-01-01

    Abnormal expression of Rho-GTPases has been reported in several human cancers. However, the expression of these proteins in cervical cancer has been poorly investigated. In this study we analyzed the expression of the GTPases Rac1, RhoA, Cdc42, and the Rho-GEFs, Tiam1 and beta-Pix, in cervical pre-malignant lesions and cervical cancer cell lines. Protein expression was analyzed by immunochemistry on 102 cervical paraffin-embedded biopsies: 20 without Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions (SIL), 51 Low- grade SIL, and 31 High-grade SIL; and in cervical cancer cell lines C33A and SiHa, and non-tumorigenic HaCat cells. Nuclear localization of Rac1 in HaCat, C33A and SiHa cells was assessed by cellular fractionation and Western blotting, in the presence or not of a chemical Rac1 inhibitor (NSC23766). Immunoreacivity for Rac1, RhoA, Tiam1 and beta-Pix was stronger in L-SIL and H-SIL, compared to samples without SIL, and it was significantly associated with the histological diagnosis. Nuclear expression of Rac1 was observed in 52.9% L-SIL and 48.4% H-SIL, but not in samples without SIL. Rac1 was found in the nucleus of C33A and SiHa cells but not in HaCat cells. Chemical inhibition of Rac1 resulted in reduced cell proliferation in HaCat, C33A and SiHa cells. Rac1 is expressed in the nucleus of epithelial cells in SILs and cervical cancer cell lines, and chemical inhibition of Rac1 reduces cellular proliferation. Further studies are needed to better understand the role of Rho-GTPases in cervical cancer progression

  20. Nanotechnology in the management of cervical cancer.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chen, Jiezhong; Gu, Wenyi; Yang, Lei; Chen, Chen; Shao, Renfu; Xu, Kewei; Xu, Zhi Ping

    2015-03-01

    Cervical cancer is a major disease with high mortality. All cervical cancers are caused by infection with human papillomaviruses (HPV). Although preventive vaccines for cervical cancer are successful, treatment of cervical cancer is far less satisfactory because of multidrug resistance and side effects. In this review, we summarize the recent application of nanotechnology to the diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer as well as the development of HPV vaccines. Early detection of cervical cancer enables tumours to be efficiently removed by surgical procedures, leading to increased survival rate. The current method of detecting cervical cancer by Pap smear can only achieve 50% sensitivity, whereas nanotechnology has been used to detect HPVs with greatly improved sensitivity. In cervical cancer treatment, nanotechnology has been used for the delivery of anticancer drugs to increase treatment efficacy and decrease side effects. Nanodelivery of HPV preventive and therapeutic vaccines has also been investigated to increase vaccine efficacy. Overall, these developments suggest that nanoparticle-based vaccine may become the most effective way to prevent and treat cervical cancer, assisted or combined with some other nanotechnology-based therapy. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

  1. Análisis comparativo entre dos modalidades terapéuticas en pacientes con dorsalgias: masoterapia y estiramientos frente a masoterapia y estiramientos más punción seca

    OpenAIRE

    López Gata, Antonio Luis

    2017-01-01

    Introducción: La zona dorsal es un área muy compleja de movilidad reducida con influencia directa en las alteraciones de la región cervical y lumbar y que con frecuencia presenta dolor localizado de características propias ocasionando desarreglos en la estática. El síndrome de dolor miofascial (SDM) es un trastorno no inflamatorio que se manifiesta por dolor localizado, rigidez y como característica principal la presencia de PGM con frecuenta afectación de la musculatura cérvicodorsal que es ...

  2. ANÁLISIS DE ESTABILIDAD DE HÍBRIDOS EXPERIMENTALES DE MAÍZ CON ALTA CALIDAD DE PROTEÍNA EN COSTA RICA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nevio Bonilla-Morales

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la adaptación de híbridos experimentales de maíz en Costa Rica. Se evaluaron veinticuatro híbridos experimentales de grano blanco en las condiciones agroecológicas de bosque tropical húmedo, durante el período 2009-2011, en las localidades de Concepción, Guagaral, Chánguena, El Águila, Veracruz, Los Chiles y Upala, con temperaturas entre 26 y 35°C y una precipitación entre los 2700-3200 mm, esto con el fin de obtener el rendimiento y respuesta a los principales factores abióticos y bióticos. Se empleó un diseño de alfa látice con tres repeticiones. Los híbridos fueron evaluados en dos ciclos de siembra por localidad y por año. Los resultados del análisis combinado indicaron diferencias significativas al 0,05 entre genotipos y el gráfico del AMMI-biplot evidenció que los materiales con mayor estabilidad fueron: CLQRCWQ121/CLQRCWQ122//CML491 (QPM; CML494/CML495 (Normal; (CLQRCWQ121/CLQRCWQ26//CML491 (QPM; (CLQRCWQ121/CML502//CML491 (QPM con rendimientos promedio de 9,3; 9,0; 8,7 y 8,8 t/ha, respectivamente. Las localidades donde se obtuvo mayor rendimiento fueron El Águila y Guagaral, 9,8 y 8,5 t/ha, respectivamente. En cuanto a la interacción de localidades y genotipos el AMMI biplot mostró que El Águila y Guagaral tuvieron condiciones agroclimáticas más favorables para la expresión del potencial de los híbridos evaluados. Por su parte, Veracruz y Concepción presentaron condiciones agroclimáticas menos favorables para el desempeño de los materiales. La interacción genotipo x ambiente tuvo un valor de 62,1% en la prueba de Gollob.

  3. Cervical Musculoskeletal Impairments and Temporomandibular Disorders

    Science.gov (United States)

    Magee, David

    2012-01-01

    ABSTRACT Objectives The study of cervical muscles and their significance in the development and perpetuation of Temporomandibular Disorders has not been elucidated. Thus this project was designed to investigate the association between cervical musculoskeletal impairments and Temporomandibular Disorders. Material and Methods A sample of 154 subjects participated in this study. All subjects underwent a series of physical tests and electromyographic assessment (i.e. head and neck posture, maximal cervical muscle strength, cervical flexor and extensor muscles endurance, and cervical flexor muscle performance) to determine cervical musculoskeletal impairments. Results A strong relationship between neck disability and jaw disability was found (r = 0.82). Craniocervical posture was statistically different between patients with myogenous Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) and healthy subjects. However, the difference was too small (3.3º) to be considered clinically relevant. Maximal cervical flexor muscle strength was not statistically or clinically different between patients with TMD and healthy subjects. No statistically significant differences were found in electromyographic activity of the sternocleidomastoid or the anterior scalene muscles in patients with TMD when compared to healthy subjects while executing the craniocervical flexion test (P = 0.07). However, clinically important effect sizes (0.42 - 0.82) were found. Subjects with TMD presented with reduced cervical flexor as well as extensor muscle endurance while performing the flexor and extensor muscle endurance tests when compared to healthy individuals. Conclusions Subjects with Temporomandibular Disorders presented with impairments of the cervical flexors and extensors muscles. These results could help guide clinicians in the assessment and prescription of more effective interventions for individuals with Temporomandibular Disorders. PMID:24422022

  4. Cervical Musculoskeletal Impairments and Temporomandibular Disorders

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Susan Armijo-Olivo

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available Objectives: The study of cervical muscles and their significance in the development and perpetuation of Temporomandibular Disorders has not been elucidated. Thus this project was designed to investigate the association between cervical musculoskeletal impairments and Temporomandibular Disorders. Material and Methods: A sample of 154 subjects participated in this study. All subjects underwent a series of physical tests and electromyographic assessment (i.e. head and neck posture, maximal cervical muscle strength, cervical flexor and extensor muscles endurance, and cervical flexor muscle performance to determine cervical musculoskeletal impairments. Results: A strong relationship between neck disability and jaw disability was found (r = 0.82. Craniocervical posture was statistically different between patients with myogenous Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD and healthy subjects. However, the difference was too small (3.3º to be considered clinically relevant. Maximal cervical flexor muscle strength was not statistically or clinically different between patients with TMD and healthy subjects. No statistically significant differences were found in electromyographic activity of the sternocleidomastoid or the anterior scalene muscles in patients with TMD when compared to healthy subjects while executing the craniocervical flexion test (P = 0.07. However, clinically important effect sizes (0.42 - 0.82 were found. Subjects with TMD presented with reduced cervical flexor as well as extensor muscle endurance while performing the flexor and extensor muscle endurance tests when compared to healthy individuals. Conclusions: Subjects with Temporomandibular Disorders presented with impairments of the cervical flexors and extensors muscles. These results could help guide clinicians in the assessment and prescription of more effective interventions for individuals with Temporomandibular Disorders.

  5. Enfoque terapéutico en 154 pacientes con acromegalia Therapeutic management in 154 acromegalic patients

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcos P. Manavela

    2010-08-01

    Full Text Available La acromegalia es una enfermedad poco frecuente producida en más del 95% de los casos por un tumor hipofisario secretor de hormona de crecimiento (GH. Las manifestaciones clínicas están asociadas a síntomas locales por crecimiento del tumor o a las consecuencias orgánicas y metabólicas secundarias a la hipersecreción de GH. Debido a la alta morbilidad y mortalidad asociadas a la acromegalia, un tratamiento individualizado y optimizado para cada paciente es fundamental. Informamos el enfoque terapéutico de nuestro servicio de endocrinología en la atención de 154 pacientes con acromegalia. Utilizando criterios bioquímicos estrictos, con la cirugía logramos un 32% de remisión global, tasa relativamente baja debido fundamentalmente a que la mayor parte de los pacientes presentaban macroadenomas con un alto porcentaje de invasividad local. Con radioterapia complementaria o como tratamiento inicial se logró la remisión en el 65.4% de los pacientes irradiados. El 14.0% de los pacientes controlaron la enfermedad utilizando agonistas dopaminérgicos solos o combinados con otra droga, mientras que aquellos que utilizaron análogos de la somatostatina normalizaron los parámetros bioquímicos en un 45.7% de los casos. En conclusión, con los diferentes tratamientos utilizados obtuvimos el control de la acromegalia en el 55.2% de los casos, esperando optimizar el tratamiento de estos pacientes en la medida en que contemos con y tengamos acceso a nuevas herramientas terapéuticas.Acromegaly is a chronic, invalidating disease due in over 95% of cases to a growth hormone (GH secreting pituitary adenoma. Its clinical manifestations are associated to local complications related to the tumor growth and/or to the metabolic consequences of GH excess. We report here our experience on 154 acromegalic patients. Surgical remission rate using stringent biochemical criteria was 32%, a figure relatively low due to the great number of patients bearing

  6. The effect of a mandibular advancement appliance on cervical lordosis in patients with TMD and cervical pain.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Santander, Hugo; Zúñiga, Claudia; Miralles, Rodolfo; Valenzuela, Saúl; Santander, Montserrat Carolina; Gutiérrez, Mario Felipe; Córdova, Rosa

    2014-10-01

    A preliminary study to compare cervical lordosis by means of cervical cephalometric analysis, before and after six months of continuous mandibular advancement appliance (MAA) use, and to show how physical therapy posture re-education would improve the cervical lordosis angle. Twenty-two female patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and cervical pain with lordosis 0·05; Shapiro Wilk Test), so the paired comparison of the cephalometric measurements was made by t-test for dependent samples. Angle 1 (OPT/7CVT); angle 3 (CVT/EVT) and angle 4 (2CL/7CL) showed a significant increase in the cervical lordosis. Angle 2 (MGP/OP), angle 5 (HOR/CVT) and the distances C0-C2 and Pt-VER, presented no significant changes. The increase in cervical lordosis implies that six months of continuous MAA use, together with a program of postural re-education, promotes the homeostasis of the craniocervical system.

  7. Nuclear magnetic resonance tomography of the cervical canal

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Terwey, B.; Koschorek, F.; Jensen, H.P.

    1985-12-01

    170 patients with suspected lesions of the cervical part of the medulla were examined using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) tomography. 27 cases revealed no pathological changes in the regions of the cervical medulla, the cervical canal and of the cervical spine. 143 cases produced pathological findings whose diagnoses determined therapeutical approach. Verified pathological changes comprised anomalies of the cranio-cervical junction like basilar impression and Arnold-Chiari malformation, various types of cavity formation in the cervical medulla (syringomyelia, hydromyelia), demyelinization processes, intramedullary and extramedullary tumours, intervertebral disk degeneration processes, dislocation of intervertebral disks and spondylophytes with spinal stenoses. Sagittal sections in different functional positions allowed to demonstrate the biomechanical effects of extramedullary masses on the cervical medulla. However, proven tumours could not be differentiated successfully using histological methods. Nevertheless, NMR tomography will replace invasive methods like conventional cervical myelography and CT myelography in diagnostic clarification of diseases of the cervical medulla.

  8. Mechanoreceptors in Diseased Cervical Intervertebral Disc and Vertigo.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yang, Liang; Yang, Cheng; Pang, Xiaodong; Li, Duanming; Yang, Hong; Zhang, Xinwu; Yang, Yi; Peng, Baogan

    2017-04-15

    We collected the samples of cervical intervertebral discs from patients with vertigo to examine the distribution and types of mechanoreceptors in diseased cervical disc. The aim of this study was to determine whether mechanoreceptors are distributed more abundantly in cervical discs from patients with cervical spondylosis, and whether they are related to vertigo. Previous limited studies have found that normal cervical intervertebral discs are supplied with mechanoreceptors that have been considered responsible for proprioceptive functions. Several clinical studies have indicated that the patients with cervical spondylosis manifested significantly impaired postural control and subjective balance disturbance. We collected 77 samples of cervical discs from 62 cervical spondylosis patients without vertigo, 61 samples from 54 patients with vertigo, and 40 control samples from 8 cadaveric donors to investigate distribution of mechanoreceptors containing neurofilament (NF200) and S-100 protein immunoreactive nerve endings. The immunohistochemical investigation revealed that the most frequently encountered mechanoreceptors were the Ruffini corpuscles in all groups of cervical disc samples. They were obviously increased in the number and deeply ingrown into inner annulus fibrosus and even into nucleus pulposus in the diseased cervical discs from patients with vertigo in comparison with the discs from patients without vertigo and control discs. Only three Golgi endings were seen in the three samples from patients with vertigo. No Pacinian corpuscles were found in any samples of cervical discs. The diseased cervical discs from patients with vertigo had more abundant distribution of Ruffini corpuscles than other discs. A positive association between the increased number and ingrowth of Ruffini corpuscles in the diseased cervical disc and the incidence of vertigo in the patients with cervical spondylosis was found, which may indicate a key role of Ruffini corpuscles in the

  9. Cervical spondylosis anatomy: pathophysiology and biomechanics.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shedid, Daniel; Benzel, Edward C

    2007-01-01

    Cervical spondylosis is the most common progressive disorder in the aging cervical spine. It results from the process of degeneration of the intervertebral discs and facet joints of the cervical spine. Biomechanically, the disc and the facets are the connecting structures between the vertebrae for the transmission of external forces. They also facilitate cervical spine mobility. Symptoms related to myelopathy and radiculopathy are caused by the formation of osteophytes, which compromise the diameter of the spinal canal. This compromise may also be partially developmental. The developmental process, together with the degenerative process, may cause mechanical pressure on the spinal cord at one or multiple levels. This pressure may produce direct neurological damage or ischemic changes and, thus, lead to spinal cord disturbances. A thorough understanding of the biomechanics, the pathology, the clinical presentation, the radiological evaluation, as well as the surgical indications of cervical spondylosis, is essential for the management of patients with cervical spondylosis.

  10. Imaging of the cervical articular pillar

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Yeomans, E. [Orange Base Hospital, Orange, NSW (Australia)

    1998-12-01

    The cervical articular pillar, due to the complex anatomical structure of the cervical spine, is not well demonstrated in routine plain radiographic views. Dedicated views have been devised to demonstrate the pillar, yet their performance has abated considerably since the inception of Computed Tomography (CT) in the 1970`s. It is the consideration that CT does not image the articular pillar with a 10 per cent accuracy that poses the question: Is there still a need for plain radiography of the cervical articular pillar? This paper studies the anatomy, plain radiography, and incidence of injury to the cervical articular pillar. It discusses (with reference to current and historic literature) the efficacy of current imaging protocols in depicting this injury. It deals with plain radiography, CT, complex tomography, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the cervical spine to conclude there may still be a position in current imaging protocols for plain radiography of the cervical articular pillar. Copyright (1998) Australian Institute of Radiography 43 refs., 5 figs.

  11. Tratamiento con azlocillin y amikacina en sepsis neonatal por staphylococcus haemolyticus multirresistente

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María Espino Hernández

    2000-03-01

    Full Text Available El estafilococo coagulasa negativa es actualmente un importante patógeno nosocomial y agente causal de infección en el neonato. Cepas multirresistentes comúnmente aisladas de recién nacidos sometidos a cuidados intensivos dificultan la terapéutica, por lo que se hace necesario el empleo de combinaciones antibióticas que garanticen un efecto antibacteriano más eficiente. Se presentan los resultados obtenidos en un paciente con bronconeumonía adquirida por Staphylococcus haemolyticus multirresistente y que fue sometido a tratamiento combinado de azlocillin y amikacina. Se estudió el patrón de resistencia de la cepa para 30 antibióticos por métodos de difusión y dilución, así como la efectividad in vitro de la combinación antibiótica aplicada por el método del «tablero de ajedrez». Se observó en los resultados in vitro una marcada potencialización de la actividad aminoglucosídica por la presencia del antibiótico beta-lactámico, resultado que se correspondió con una excelente respuesta in vivo.Negative-coagulase Staphyloccocus, is at present time an important nosocomial pathogen and a causal agent of neonatal infection. Multirresistant strains commonly isolated from newborn under intensive care, make difficult treatment, so it is necessary use of antibiotic combination to assure a more efficient antibacterial effect. We present results obtained in a patient presenting with acquired bronchopneumonia from multirresistant Staphylococcus haemolyticus who received a combination of Azlocillin and Amikacin. Resistance pattern to this strain was studied by diffusion and dilution methods, as well as in vitro effectiveness of antibiotic combination, applied by "Chequerboard" method. In in vitro results, we found a significant potentiation of aminoglucoside activity by presence of Beta-lactamic antibiotic, result corresponding to an in vivo excellent response.

  12. Falla cardiaca, tratamiento: diuréticos, inhibidores de la ECA y nitratos

    OpenAIRE

    Guillermo Trout Guardiola

    2013-01-01

    En los pasados 15 años grandes ensayos clínicos randomizados, controlados, han revolucionado el manejo de pacientes con falla cardiaca. Aunque es claro que algunas drogas mejoran los síntomas, otras presentan beneficios pronósticos y sintomáticos, el manejo de falla cardiaca se debe centralizar en mejorar la calidad de vida y la sobrevida. Los diuréticos y los inhibidores de la enzima convertidora de la angiotensina, combinados con medidas no farmacologicas, permanecen como el tratamiento con...

  13. Aspergilosis cervical con diseminaci?n al sistema nervioso central. Presentaci?n de un caso y revisi?n de bibliograf?a

    OpenAIRE

    Vergara, Guillermo Enrique; Roura, Natalia; del Castillo, Marcelo; Mora, Andrea; Alcorta, Santiago Condomi; Mormandi, Rub?n; Cervio, Andr?s; Salvat, Jorge

    2015-01-01

    Introducci?n: la Aspergilosis Invasiva (AI) del Sistema Nervioso Central (SNC) es infrecuente y ocurre generalmente en pacientes inmunocomprometidos. Puede presentarse con cuadros de meningitis, aneurismas mic?ticos, infartos o abscesos. Es una infecci?n con pron?stico reservado y puede afectar el SNC de forma primaria o secundaria a partir de un foco que se disemina por v?a hemat?gena. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con AI con invasi?n primaria a nivel ?seo y diseminaci?n posterior al ce...

  14. Sport injuries of the cervical spine

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bargon, G.

    1981-01-01

    The article reports on injuries of the cervical spine occurring during sports activities. An attempt is made to reconstruct the movements which led to the cervical spine injuries in question. In two cases of accidents occuring during bathing, one football accident and a toboggan accident, the injuries concerned point to hyperextension of the cervical spine as cause of the injury. In another football accident and a riding accident, the changes observed allow us to conclude that the movement leading to the injury must have been a hyperflexion. One accident occurring while jumping on the trampolin resulted in an injury of the upper cervical spine pointing to the action of a compressive force on the cervical spine in addition to the force resulting in hyperflexion. (orig.) [de

  15. Sport injuries of the cervical spine

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Bargon, G

    1981-03-01

    The article reports on injuries of the cervical spine occurring during sports activities. An attempt is made to reconstruct the movements which led to the cervical spine injuries in question. In two cases of accidents occuring during bathing, one football accident and a toboggan accident, the injuries concerned point to hyperextension of the cervical spine as cause of the injury. In another football accident and a riding accident, the changes observed allow us to conclude that the movement leading to the injury must have been a hyperflexion. One accident occurring while jumping on the trampolin resulted in an injury of the upper cervical spine pointing to the action of a compressive force on the cervical spine in addition to the force resulting in hyperflexion.

  16. Nuclear magnetic resonance tomography of the cervical canal

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Terwey, B.; Koschorek, F.; Jensen, H.P.

    1985-01-01

    170 patients with suspected lesions of the cervical part of the medulla were examined using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) tomography. 27 cases revealed no pathological changes in the regions of the cervical medulla, the cervical canal and of the cervical spine. 143 cases produced pathological findings whose diagnoses determined therapeutical approach. Verified pathological changes comprised anomalies of the cranio-cervical junction like basilar impression and Arnold-Chiari malformation, various types of cavity formation in the cervical medulla (syringomyelia, hydromyelia), demyelinization processes, intramedullary and extramedullary tumours, intervertebral disk degeneration processes, dislocation of intervertebral disks and spondylophytes with spinal stenoses. Sagittal sections in different functional positions allowed to demonstrate the biomechanical effects of extramedullary masses on the cervical medulla. However, proven tumours could not be differentiated successfully using histological methods. Nevertheless, NMR tomography will replace invasive methods like conventional cervical myelography and CT myelography in diagnostic clarification of diseases of the cervical medulla. (orig.) [de

  17. The German cervical cancer screening model: development and validation of a decision-analytic model for cervical cancer screening in Germany.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Siebert, Uwe; Sroczynski, Gaby; Hillemanns, Peter; Engel, Jutta; Stabenow, Roland; Stegmaier, Christa; Voigt, Kerstin; Gibis, Bernhard; Hölzel, Dieter; Goldie, Sue J

    2006-04-01

    We sought to develop and validate a decision-analytic model for the natural history of cervical cancer for the German health care context and to apply it to cervical cancer screening. We developed a Markov model for the natural history of cervical cancer and cervical cancer screening in the German health care context. The model reflects current German practice standards for screening, diagnostic follow-up and treatment regarding cervical cancer and its precursors. Data for disease progression and cervical cancer survival were obtained from the literature and German cancer registries. Accuracy of Papanicolaou (Pap) testing was based on meta-analyses. We performed internal and external model validation using observed epidemiological data for unscreened women from different German cancer registries. The model predicts life expectancy, incidence of detected cervical cancer cases, lifetime cervical cancer risks and mortality. The model predicted a lifetime cervical cancer risk of 3.0% and a lifetime cervical cancer mortality of 1.0%, with a peak cancer incidence of 84/100,000 at age 51 years. These results were similar to observed data from German cancer registries, German literature data and results from other international models. Based on our model, annual Pap screening could prevent 98.7% of diagnosed cancer cases and 99.6% of deaths due to cervical cancer in women completely adherent to screening and compliant to treatment. Extending the screening interval from 1 year to 2, 3 or 5 years resulted in reduced screening effectiveness. This model provides a tool for evaluating the long-term effectiveness of different cervical cancer screening tests and strategies.

  18. Cytology of treated cervical carcinoma

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Shibata, Hideo

    1982-01-01

    The vaginal smear specimens of the patients who received operative therapy, irradiation or chemotherapy for cervical carcinoma were examined. Long-term follow-up vaginal cytology following treatment of cervical carcinoma is effective for the detection of local recurrence in an early stage. Serial cytology is also useful in evaluation of the effects of irradiation and chemotherapy for cervical carcinoma. Radiosensitive and prognostic significance of vaginal smears before and after radiation therapy was discussed. (author)

  19. Cervicitis

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... of a woman getting HIV from an infected sexual partner. Prevention To reduce your risk of cervicitis from sexually transmitted infections, use condoms consistently and correctly each time you have sex. ...

  20. Late gadolinium enhancement by magnetic resonance explains adverse cardiac events in individuals with ventricular arrhythmia; Realce tardío con gadolinio por resonancia magnética explica eventos cardíacos adversos en individuos con arritmia ventricular

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Courtis, J.; Vasallo, J.; Arabia, L. [Departamento de Imágenes, Cardiología Intervencionista y Electrofisiología Instituto Oulton, Córdoba (Argentina); Dimitroff, M.; Gonzalez, A. [Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Códoba (Argentina); Tibaldi, M., E-mail: javiercourtis@oulton.com.ar [Técnicas no Invasivas y Arritmias, Instituto Modelo de Cardiología, Córdoba (Argentina)

    2012-07-01

    ) predice eventos cardíacos adversos en pacientes con arritmia ventricular. Métodos: se seleccionaron 74 pacientes consecutivos con arritmia ventricular sintomática (extrasístoles ventriculares y taquicardia ventricular) y fracción de eyección del ventrículo izquierdo (FEVI) >55% enviados a RMC para evaluación de cardiopatía estructural no detectada previamente por otros métodos complementarios. Se analizó el RTG, la función sistólica y los volúmenes de ambos ventrículos. En el seguimiento se evaluó un punto final combinado: hospitalización por arritmia ventricular, descarga apropiada de cardiodesfibrilador implantable y muerte cardíaca. Resultados: durante una mediana de seguimiento de 575 días (rango intercuartil 24-1120 días) y al analizar la población según tuvieran (n=9, 12%) o no (n=65, 88%) RTG se observó que el grupo con Gd positivo presentaba una FEVI menor (58% vs. 66% respectivamente, p=0.01) y volúmenes mayores (VTD: 185 ml vs. 123 ml respectivamente, p=0.01 y VTS: 81 ml vs. 42 ml respectivamente, p=0.01) que el otro grupo. Dos (22%) pacientes del grupo RTG positivo vs. 1 (4%) de aquellos sin RTG presentaron el punto final combinado (p=0.01) y al realizar un análisis de regresión logística se halló que el RTG es predictor de los eventos cardíacos adversos analizados (p=0.029). Conclusiones: en esta serie consecutiva de pacientes con arritmia ventricular demostramos una fuerte asociación entre el RTG miocárdico y eventos cardíacos adversos; esto soporta la hipótesis que la fibrosis miocárdica es un importante sustrato arritmogénico. Además, casi la totalidad de los individuos sin RTG estuvieron libres de eventos en el seguimiento sugiriendo que es posible identificar a través de la RMC sujetos de bajo riesgo los cuales pueden ser tratados conservadoramente. (autores)

  1. Cervical range of motion, cervical and shoulder strength in senior versus age-grade Rugby Union International front-row forwards.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Davies, Mark; Moore, Isabel S; Moran, Patrick; Mathema, Prabhat; Ranson, Craig A

    2016-05-01

    To provide normative values for cervical range of motion (CROM), isometric cervical and shoulder strength for; International Senior professional, and International Age-grade Rugby Union front-row forwards. Cross-sectional population study. All international level front-row players within a Rugby Union Tier 1 Nation. Nineteen Senior and 21 Age-grade front-row forwards underwent CROM, cervical and shoulder strength testing. CROM was measured using the CROM device and the Gatherer System was used to measure multi-directional isometric cervical and shoulder strength. The Age-grade players had significantly lower; cervical strength (26-57% deficits), cervical flexion to extension strength ratios (0.5 vs. 0.6), and shoulder strength (2-36% deficits) than the Senior players. However, there were no differences between front-row positions within each age group. Additionally, there were no differences between age groups or front-row positions in the CROM measurements. Senior Rugby Union front-row forwards have greater cervical and shoulder strength than Age-grade players, with the biggest differences being in cervical strength, highlighting the need for age specific normative values. Importantly, Age-grade players should be evaluated to ensure they have developed sufficient cervical strength prior to entering professional level Rugby Union. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  2. Endometrial cancer with cervical extension mimicking dual concordant endometrial and cervical malignancy by F18 FDG PET and MRI

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Yoon, Seok Nam [Kwandong Univ. College of Medicine, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

    2012-09-15

    A 35 year old woman with endometrial cancer and cervical extension underwent F18 FDG PET CT and MRI studies after resection of a cervical mass presumed to be cervical myoma. The patient underwent cervical myomectomy and the histopathologic report revealed poorly differentiated invasive carcinoma. Cervical cancer was ruled out because the patient had no history of sexual intercourse and was negative for human papilloma virus infection. The patient underwent radical hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo oophorectomy, pelvic and para aortic lymph node dissection, and multiple biopsies. F18 FDG PET CT showed intense FDG uptake along the cervix wall. T2 weighted MRI also revealed a mass lesion with high SI involving the anterior and posterior lips of the uterine cervix. Another area of focal increased uptake above the endometrial lesion in the left pelvic cavity was observed on PET CT and MRI, possibly due to a functioning ovary. PET CT and MRI were interpreted as showing a dual concordant malignant lesion due to separated FDG uptakes and high SI without any connection between the cervical and endometrial lesions. F18 FDG PET CT showed intense FDG uptake along the endometrium. Given the patient's history and the fact that she was not menstruating at the time of imaging, this intense uptake was interpreted as another pathologic lesion, suggesting dual primary lesions. A suspected heterogeneous mass lesion along the endometrium suggesting concordant endometrial cancer was found on MRI. Endometrial cancer with cervical extension is sometimes difficult to differentiate from primary cervical cancer. The final histopathologic report showed poorly differentiated endometrial adenocarcinoma with cervical extension, although the FDG PET CT and MRI findings were suggestive of concordant cervical and endometrial cancer. Although histopathologic confirmation is necessary for final diagnosis, MRI and FDG PET CT studies may aid in the differential diagnosis. A metastatic cervical mass

  3. Endometrial cancer with cervical extension mimicking dual concordant endometrial and cervical malignancy by F18 FDG PET and MRI

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yoon, Seok Nam

    2012-01-01

    A 35 year old woman with endometrial cancer and cervical extension underwent F18 FDG PET CT and MRI studies after resection of a cervical mass presumed to be cervical myoma. The patient underwent cervical myomectomy and the histopathologic report revealed poorly differentiated invasive carcinoma. Cervical cancer was ruled out because the patient had no history of sexual intercourse and was negative for human papilloma virus infection. The patient underwent radical hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo oophorectomy, pelvic and para aortic lymph node dissection, and multiple biopsies. F18 FDG PET CT showed intense FDG uptake along the cervix wall. T2 weighted MRI also revealed a mass lesion with high SI involving the anterior and posterior lips of the uterine cervix. Another area of focal increased uptake above the endometrial lesion in the left pelvic cavity was observed on PET CT and MRI, possibly due to a functioning ovary. PET CT and MRI were interpreted as showing a dual concordant malignant lesion due to separated FDG uptakes and high SI without any connection between the cervical and endometrial lesions. F18 FDG PET CT showed intense FDG uptake along the endometrium. Given the patient's history and the fact that she was not menstruating at the time of imaging, this intense uptake was interpreted as another pathologic lesion, suggesting dual primary lesions. A suspected heterogeneous mass lesion along the endometrium suggesting concordant endometrial cancer was found on MRI. Endometrial cancer with cervical extension is sometimes difficult to differentiate from primary cervical cancer. The final histopathologic report showed poorly differentiated endometrial adenocarcinoma with cervical extension, although the FDG PET CT and MRI findings were suggestive of concordant cervical and endometrial cancer. Although histopathologic confirmation is necessary for final diagnosis, MRI and FDG PET CT studies may aid in the differential diagnosis. A metastatic cervical mass from

  4. Coordinated control of a combined cycle thermoelectric central; Control coordinado de una central termoelectrica de ciclo combinado

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Sanchez Parra, Marino; Castelo Cuevas, Luis [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)

    1998-03-01

    In this paper the coordinated control (CC) of the Distributed Control System (Sistema de Control Distribuido) (SICODI) of the Combined Cycle Central of Gomez Palacio, Durango, is presented. The description of the control scheme and its realization in software is made. From the scheme the operation strategies and automation, supervision and control are described in detail. The software components of the programming are described, the program structure and control data and its implementation in working stations VAX 3100 under the operating system VMS (Virtual Memory System), are described. [Espanol] En este articulo se presenta el control coordinado (CC) del Sistema de Control Distribuido (Sicodi) de la central de ciclo combinado Gomez Palacio, Durango. Se describe el esquema de control y su realizacion en software. Del esquema se detallan las estrategias de operacion y automatizacion, supervision y control. Del software se describen los componentes de la programacion, la estructura de programas y datos del control y su implementacion en estaciones de trabajo VAX 3100 bajo el sistema operativo VMS (Virtual Memory System).

  5. Cervical collagen is reduced in non-pregnant women with a history of cervical insufficiency and a short cervix

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Sundtoft, Iben; Langhoff-Roos, Jens; Sandager, Puk

    2017-01-01

    INTRODUCTION: Preterm cervical shortening and cervical insufficiency may be caused by a constitutional weakness of the cervix. The aim of this study was to assess the cervical collagen concentration in non-pregnant women with a history of cervical insufficiency or of a short cervix in the second...... trimester of pregnancy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this case-control study we included non-pregnant women one year or more after pregnancy: 55 controls with a history of normal delivery; 27 women with a history of cervical insufficiency; and 10 women with a history of a short cervix (... women with a history of a long cervix (>95th percentile) at gestational weeks 18-20. We obtained biopsies (3 × 3-4 mm) from the ectocervix and determined the collagen concentration by measuring the hydroxyproline concentration. RESULTS: Women with cervical insufficiency had lower collagen concentrations...

  6. Does applying the Canadian Cervical Spine rule reduce cervical spine radiography rates in alert patients with blunt trauma to the neck? A retrospective analysis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yesupalan Rajam

    2008-06-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background A cautious outlook towards neck injuries has been the norm to avoid missing cervical spine injuries. Consequently there has been an increased use of cervical spine radiography. The Canadian Cervical Spine rule was proposed to reduce unnecessary use of cervical spine radiography in alert and stable patients. Our aim was to see whether applying the Canadian Cervical Spine rule reduced the need for cervical spine radiography without missing significant cervical spine injuries. Methods This was a retrospective study conducted in 2 hospitals. 114 alert and stable patients who had cervical spine radiographs for suspected neck injuries were included in the study. Data on patient demographics, high risk & low risk factors as per the Canadian Cervical Spine rule and cervical spine radiography results were collected and analysed. Results 28 patients were included in the high risk category according to the Canadian Cervical Spine rule. 86 patients fell into the low risk category. If the Canadian Cervical Spine rule was applied, there would have been a significant reduction in cervical spine radiographs as 86/114 patients (75.4% would not have needed cervical spine radiograph. 2/114 patients who had significant cervical spine injuries would have been identified when the Canadian Cervical Spine rule was applied. Conclusion Applying the Canadian Cervical Spine rule for neck injuries in alert and stable patients would have reduced the use of cervical spine radiographs without missing out significant cervical spine injuries. This relates to reduction in radiation exposure to patients and health care costs.

  7. Visual inspection with acetic acid for cervical cancer screening outside of low-resource settings La inspección visual con ácido acético para el tamizaje del cáncer cervicouterino donde no hay escasez de recursos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jose Jeronimo

    2005-01-01

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVES: To assess visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA as a screening tool for use in a well-equipped health center in Peru, to evaluate VIA as an alternative or adjunct to the Papanicolaou (Pap smear, and to determine if VIA can play a role in settings other than low-resource ones. METHODS: This was a prospective study of 1 921 asymptomatic women living in Lima, Peru, carried out in 1999 and 2000. The study was performed at a cancer center equipped with the latest-generation technology and highly trained oncologists. The women underwent a complete clinical evaluation, including a Pap smear and VIA. Participants with any positive test were referred for colposcopy and biopsy. RESULTS: More women tested positive by VIA than on the Pap smear (6.9% vs. 4.2%; P = 0.0001. There were 35 women with histologic cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 (CIN 1; of these, 15 were detected by Pap and 20 by VIA (P = 0.4. A diagnosis of CIN 2 or 3 (CIN 2-3 was confirmed in a total of 13 cases; Pap detected 5 of the cases and VIA 11 of the cases (P = 0.06. The positive predictive value for detection of CIN 2+ was 8.3% for VIA and 6.3% for Pap (P = 0.5. Most importantly, while only 2.3% of patients with a positive VIA were lost to follow-up before colposcopy, that was true for 26.3% of the women with a positive Pap smear (P OBJETIVOS: Determinar si la inspección visual con ácido acético (IVAA es útil como prueba de tamizaje en un centro de salud peruano con buena dotación de equipo; si se presta para uso en lugar del Papanicolaou o en combinación con él, y si tiene alguna utilidad en lugares donde no hay escasez de recursos. MÉTODOS: En 1999 y 2000 se realizó un estudio prospectivo con 1 921 mujeres asintomáticas que habitaban en Lima, Perú. El estudio se llevó a cabo en un centro de cancerología dotado de las tecnologías más modernas y de oncólogos con una sólida formación. A las mujeres se les sometió a un examen clínico completo

  8. Analysis of cervical and global spine alignment under Roussouly sagittal classification in Chinese cervical spondylotic patients and asymptomatic subjects.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yu, Miao; Zhao, Wen-Kui; Li, Mai; Wang, Shao-Bo; Sun, Yu; Jiang, Liang; Wei, Feng; Liu, Xiao-Guang; Zeng, Lin; Liu, Zhong-Jun

    2015-06-01

    To explore the relationship between cervical spine and the global spine alignment and to postulate the hypotheses that a lordotic alignment of cervical spine is not the only standard to identify asymptomatic subjects, and the degenerative modification of cervical curves depends primarily on their spinal-pelvic alignment. A cohort of 120 cases of Chinese asymptomatic subjects and a cohort of 121 cases of Chinese cervical spondylotic patients were recruited prospectively from 2011 to 2012. Roussouly Classification was utilized to categorize all subjects and patients according to their thoracic spine, lumbar spine and pelvic alignment. The cervical alignments were evaluated as lordosis, straight, sigmoid or kyphosis. Through the lateral X-ray images of neutral cervical and global spine, a number of parameters were measured and analyzed, including pelvic incidence, pelvic tilt, sacral slope, thoracic kyphosis (TK), lumbar lordosis, global cervical angles (angles between two lines parallel with posterior walls of C2 and C7), practical cervical angles (the addition of different cervical end plate angles from C3 to C7, and inter-vertebral angles from C23 to C67), T1 slope, spinal sacral angles (SSA), Hip to C7/Hip to Sacrum and C0-C2 angle. The percentages of cervical lordosis were 28.3% and 36.4% in asymptomatic and spondylotic group, respectively. The cervical spine alignments correlated with Roussouly types of global spine alignment in both asymptomatic and cervical spondylotic group (P inter-vertebral angle in Roussouly Type 2 at C4-5 and C5-6 levels (P = 0.04 and 0.04, respectively), and in Roussouly Type 3 at C6-7 level (P = 0.01). The SSA showed significant difference between Roussouly Type 2 and 4 in asymptomatic subjects (P = 0.00), and between Type 1 and 3, 1 and 4, 2 and 3, 2 and 4 in cervical spondylotic patients (P = 0.01, 0.02, 0.00 and 0.01, respectively). The T1 slope was significantly different among Roussouly types (P = 0.04) with its largest value in

  9. Cervical sagittal balance parameters after single-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: Correlations with clinical and functional outcomes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ioannis Siasios

    2018-01-01

    Conclusions: Single-level ACDF significantly increases upper cervical lordosis (C1–C2 without significantly changing lower cervical lordosis (C2–C7. The C7 slope is a significant marker of overall cervical sagittal alignment (P < 0.05.

  10. Anterolisthesis and retrolisthesis of the cervical spine in cervical spondylotic myelopathy in the elderly

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kawasaki, Motohiro; Tani, Toshikazu; Ushida, Takahiro; Ishida, Kenji

    2007-01-01

    Degenerative spondylolisthesis of the cervical spine has received insufficient attention in contrast to that of the lumbar spine. The authors analyzed the functional significance of anterior and posterior degenerative spondylolisthesis (anterolisthesis and retrolisthesis) of the cervical spine to elucidate its role in the development of cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) in the elderly. A total of 79 patients aged 65 or older who eventually had surgical treatment for CSM were evaluated radiographically. Altogether, 24 patients (30%) had displacement of 3.5 mm or more (severe spondylolisthesis group), 31 had displacement of 2.0-3.4 mm (moderate spondylolisthesis group), and 24 had less than 2.0 mm displacement (mild spondylolisthesis group). The severe spondylolisthesis group consisted of 14 patients with anterolisthesis (anterolisthesis group) and 10 patients with retrolisthesis (retrolisthesis group). Patients with severe spondylolisthesis had a high incidence (93%) of degenerative spondylolisthesis at C3/4 or C4/5 and significantly greater cervical mobility than those with mild spondylolisthesis. The anterolisthesis group, but not the retrolisthesis group, had a significantly wider spinal canal than the mild spondylolisthesis group, although the degree of horizontal displacement and cervical mobility did not differ significantly between the anterolisthesis and retrolisthesis groups. Severe cord compression seen on T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and high-intensity spinal cord signals seen on T2-weighted MRI scans corresponded significantly to the levels of the spondylolisthesis. Degenerative spondylolisthesis is not a rare radiographic finding in elderly patients with CSM, which tends to cause intense cord compression that is seen on MRI scans. Greater mobility of the upper cervical segments may be a compensatory reaction for advanced disc degeneration of the lower cervical segments, leading to the development of degenerative

  11. Cervical osteophyte induced dysphagia

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Davies, R.P.; Sage, M.R.; Brophy, B.P.

    1989-01-01

    Although cervical spondylosis is a common disorder, dysphagia induced by osteophyte formation is uncommon. Fewer than one hundred cases of cervical osteophyte induced dysphagia have been reported, with little attention to the diagnosis by barium swallow. The radiological features of two cases treated surgically with good results are described. Both cases complained of dysphagia while one had associated respiratory obstruction on forward flexion of his neck. The features on barium study of cervical osteophytes causing dysphagia include deformity at the level of osteophyte formation, in both AP and lateral projections. Tracheal aspirations due to deformity at the laryngeal inlet and interference with epiglottic retroversion may be present. 8 refs., 3 figs

  12. Temporal Patterns of Cervical Cancer Screening Among Danish Women 55 Years and Older Diagnosed With Cervical Cancer

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hammer, Anne; Hee, Lene; Blaakær, Jan

    2018-01-01

    OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to describe the screening history in postmenopausal women diagnosed with cervical cancer during 1990-2013 by age and screening period. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This hospital-based cohort study included women 55 years and older diagnosed with cervical cancer...... at Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark, during 1990-2013. Information on their previous history of cervical cancer screening was obtained from the Danish Pathology Databank. RESULTS: Overall, 47.0% (95% CI = 42.6-51.4) had no record of screening before their cervical cancer diagnosis. This proportion...

  13. Epitelización inducida por células troncales derivadas del tejido adiposo

    OpenAIRE

    M. Meruane; S. Benítez; M. Rojas; A. Sagredo; K. Marcelain; B. Villalobos

    2014-01-01

    El tratamiento de lesiones con pérdida de tejido cutáneo ha mejorado notablemente con el advenimiento de la bioingeniería tisular. Una alternativa en desarrollo es la utilización de sustitutos dérmicos combinados con células troncales derivadas del tejido adiposo autólogo. Estudios previos nos muestran que con esta técnica es posible optimizar la angiogénesis y la síntesis de colágeno, sin embargo potenciar la epitelización es un tema pendiente por resolver. En el presente estudio evaluamos l...

  14. Estudios sobre la función de las células dendríticas y su aplicación en inmunoterapia del cáncer

    OpenAIRE

    Suarez, N. (Natalia); Gonzalez, A. (Álvaro); Melero, I. (Ignacio)

    2013-01-01

    Se ha realizado un ensayo clínico en fase II con vacunas de células dendríticas (CD)comprobando que el tratamiento combinado basado en la vacunación con CD (obtenidas a partir de la diferenciación de monocitos de sangre periférica y pulsadas con lisado tumoral autólogo) y la administración de ciclofosfamida, reduce la población de linfocitos T reguladores, las células endoteliales y las células tumorales en sangre periférica en algunos pacientes con cáncer avanzado. Las CD-tipo 1 obtenidas pr...

  15. The relationship between cervical lordosis and Nurick scores in patients undergoing circumferential vs. posterior alone cervical decompression, instrumentation and fusion for treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Patel, Shalin; Glivar, Phillip; Asgarzadie, Farbod; Cheng, David Juma Wayne; Danisa, Olumide

    2017-11-01

    The loss of regional cervical sagittal alignment and the progressive development of cervical kyphosis is a factor in the advancement of myelopathy. Adequate decompression of the spinal canal along with reestablishment of cervical lordosis are desired objective with regard to the surgical treatment of patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy. A retrospective chart review was conducted in which patients who underwent either a combined anterior/posterior instrumentation and decompression or a posterior alone instrumentation and decompression for the treatment of CSM at our institution were identified. Any patient undergoing operative intervention for trauma, infection or tumors were excluded. Similarly, patients undergoing posterior instrumentation with constructs extending beyond the level of C2-C7 were similarly excluded from this study. A total of 67 patients met the inclusion criteria for this study. A total of 32 patients underwent posterior alone surgery and the remaining 35 underwent combined anterior/posterior procedure. Radiographic evaluation of patient's preoperative and postoperative cervical lordosis as measured by the C2-C7 Cobb angle was performed. Each patient's preoperative and postoperative functional disability as enumerated by the Nurick score was also recorded. Statistical analysis was conducted to determine if there was a significant relationship between improvement in cervical lordosis and improvement in patient's clinical outcomes as enumerated by the Nurick Score in patients undergoing posterior alone versus combined anterior/posterior decompression, instrumentation and fusion of the cervical spine. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  16. Perceived cervical cancer risk among women treated for high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: The importance of specific knowledge.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sonia Andersson

    Full Text Available Women with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN are at increased risk for developing cervical cancer. We examine how women with high-grade CIN perceive their own risk, and about pertinent knowledge concerning human high-risk papillomavirus (HPV, CIN and cervical cancer.All patients who underwent first-time treatment of high-grade CIN (grade 2+ were followed-up at 6-months at the Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden and were invited to participate in the present study. This included completion of a questionnaire examining sociodemographic characteristics, self-perceived risk of cervical cancer without regular gynecologic follow-up, and 14 queries about HPV, CIN and cervical cancer knowledge, inter alia.The participation rate was 96.6%, with 479 women enrolled in this study. Over 75% were age 40 or younger, over half had completed university education. Most were married or co-living with their partner and were gainfully employed. On a scale scored from 10 (highest self-perceived risk of cervical cancer without regular gynecologic follow-up to 1 (lowest self-perceived risk, 64% rated their risk ≥ 7; almost 30% viewed their risk ≤ 6 and 7.5% did not rate their risk. A Specific Knowledge Scale with six of the queries explained 58.3% of the total variance. Nearly 30% of the women answered four or fewer of the six queries correctly. The Specific Knowledge Scale predicted self-perceived cervical cancer risk (Odds ratio = 11.3, 95% Confidence Interval 5.6 - 22.6 after adjusting for age, income and education. Most of the women with low self-perceived cervical cancer risk did not rate their HPV-related knowledge as good. However, 32 predominantly university-educated women, with low self-perceived cervical cancer risk, considered their HPV-related knowledge good.It is vital to effectively convey accurate information about these patients' cervical cancer risk, needed preventive and follow-up measures, together with the relevant

  17. Differences in human papillomavirus type distribution in high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive cervical cancer in Europe

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Tjalma, Wiebren A; Fiander, Alison; Reich, Olaf

    2013-01-01

    Knowledge of differences in human papillomavirus (HPV)-type prevalence between high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (HG-CIN) and invasive cervical cancer (ICC) is crucial for understanding the natural history of HPV-infected cervical lesions and the potential impact of HPV vaccination...... on cervical cancer prevention. More than 6,000 women diagnosed with HG-CIN or ICC from 17 European countries were enrolled in two parallel cross-sectional studies (108288/108290). Centralised histopathology review and standardised HPV-DNA typing were applied to formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded cervical...... higher in ICC than in HG-CIN. The difference in age at diagnosis between CIN3 and squamous cervical cancer for HPV18 (9 years) was significantly less compared to HPV31/33/'other' (23/20/17 years), and for HPV45 (1 year) than HPV16/31/33/'other' (15/23/20/17 years). In Europe, HPV16 predominates in both...

  18. Correlation between cervical lordosis and adjacent segment pathology after anterior cervical spinal surgery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lee, Soo Eon; Jahng, Tae-Ahn; Kim, Hyun Jib

    2015-12-01

    To evaluate the incidence and risk factors for adjacent segment pathology (ASP) after anterior cervical spinal surgery. Fourteen patients (12 male, mean age 47.1 years) who underwent single-level cervical disk arthroplasty (CDA group) and 28 case-matched patients (24 male, mean age 53.6 years) who underwent single-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF group) were included. Presence of radiologic ASP (RASP) was based on observed changes in anterior osteophytes, disks, and calcification of the anterior longitudinal ligament on lateral radiographs. The mean follow-up period was 43.4 months in the CDA group and 44.6 months in the ACDF group. At final follow-up, ASP was observed in 5 (35.7%) CDA patients and 16 (57.1%) ACDF patients (p = 0.272). The interval between surgery and ASP development was 33.8 months in the CDA group and 16.3 months in the ACDF group (p = 0.046). The ASP risk factor analysis indicated postoperative cervical angle at C3-7 being more lordotic in non-ASP patients in both groups. Restoration of lordosis occurred in the CDA group regardless of the presence of ASP, but heterotopic ossification development was associated with the presence of ASP in the CDA group. And the CDA group had significantly greater clinical improvements than those in the ACDF group when ASP was present. In both CDA and ACDF patients, RASP developed, but CDA was associated with a delay in ASP development. A good clinical outcome was expected in CDA group, even when ASP developed. Restoration of cervical lordosis was an important factor in anterior cervical spine surgery.

  19. Vital Signs-Cervical Cancer is Preventable!

    Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

    This podcast is based on the November 2014 CDC Vital Signs report. Every visit to a doctor or nurse is an opportunity to prevent cervical cancer. Women can get a Pap test and HPV test to help prevent cervical cancer and adolescent boys and girls can get the HPV vaccination series to help prevent cervical and other cancers.

  20. Maintenance of T1 response as induced during PEG-IFNalpha plus ribavirin therapy controls viral replication in genotype-1 patients with chronic hepatitis C La respuesta inmune T1 inducida durante el tratamiento con PEG-IFNα mαs ribavirina controla la replicaciσn viral en pacientes con hepatitis crónica C

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    M. Trapero

    2005-07-01

    Full Text Available Objectives: to analyze the T1/T2 cytokine profile in CD8 T cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with genotype-1 CHC during treatment with pegylated interferon (Peg-IFN α2a plus ribavirin (RBV. To correlate Th1/Th2 balance with virological response. Patients and methods: in this prospective longitudinal study, a total of 28 naïve genotype-1 CHC patients received Peg-IFNα2a (180 µg/week plus RBV (1-1.2 g/day for 48 weeks. All patients (mean age 45 ± 8 years completed treatment and follow-up: 12 (43% achieved a sustained virological response (SVR, 13 relapsed after end of treatment (47%, and only 3 (10% were non-responders. Sixteen healthy controls were also analyzed (mean age 39 ± 17 years. The production of IL-4, IIFNγ, and TTNFα by CD8 T cells was measured by intracytoplasmic detection using flow cytometry in both resting and stimulated cells with a phorbol ester. Statistics: Student's t test for independent values, χ2 test, and ANOVA test were used; relapsers and non-responders were joined to achieve a higher statistical power. Results: at third month during treatment, phorbol ester-stimulated-IL-4 levels tend to be lower in patients who presented with SVR versus those who did not (0.97 vs 2.58; p = 0.1. No statistically significant differences were found in IIFNγ and TTNFα levels at month 3. At EOT, the stimulated-IIFNγ production was significantly higher in patients with SVR (20 vs. 8; p Objetivos: analizar el perfil de citocinas T1/T2 producidas por los linfocitos T CD8+ de sangre periférica en pacientes con hepatitis crónica C (HCC y genotipo 1 durante el tratamiento con interferón pegilado (Peg-IFN α2a y ribavirina (RBV y compararlos con controles sanos. Correlacionar el balance T1/T2 con la respuesta virológica al tratamiento combinado. Pacientes y métodos: en este estudio prospectivo longitudinal se incluyeron 28 pacientes naïve con HCC genotipo 1 tratados con Peg-IFNα2a (180 µg/semana más RBV

  1. Risks of Cervical Cancer Screening

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... women. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the major risk factor for cervical cancer. Although most women with ... clinical trials is available from the NCI website . Risks of Cervical Cancer Screening Key Points Screening tests ...

  2. Proyecto Energético Palmdale; Decisión del Permiso Final

    Science.gov (United States)

    Proyecto Energético Palmdale: EPA Región 9 por el presente emite aviso de su decisión final, el cumplimiento con la Ley Federal de Aire Limpio, para la construcción de una planta generadora de electricidad de ciclo combinado y alimentada por gas natural

  3. Current Cervical Carcinoma Screening Guidelines

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Megan J. Schlichte

    2015-05-01

    Full Text Available A formidable threat to the health of women, cervical carcinoma can be prevented in many cases with adequate screening. The current guidelines for cervical carcinoma screening were created as joint recommendations of the American Cancer Society (ACS, the American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology (ASCCP and the American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP in 2012, and later accepted and promoted by the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG. The 2012 recommendations underscore the utility of molecular testing as an adjunct to cytology screening for certain women and provide guidance to clinicians based on different risk-benefit considerations for different ages. This manuscript will review screening techniques and current recommendations for cervical cancer screening and human papilloma virus (HPV testing, as well as possible future screening strategies.

  4. Cervical cancer screening at crossroads

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Lynge, Elsebeth; Rygaard, Carsten; Baillet, Miguel Vazquez-Prada

    2014-01-01

    Cervical screening has been one of the most successful public health prevention programmes. For 50 years, cytology formed the basis for screening, and detected cervical intraepithelial lesions (CIN) were treated surgically to prevent progression to cancer. In a high-risk country as Denmark......, screening decreased the incidence of cervical cancer from 34 to 11 per 100,000, age-standardized rate (World Standard Population). Screening is, however, also expensive; Denmark (population: 5.6 million) undertakes close to half a million tests per year, and has 6-8 CIN-treated women for each prevented...... cancer case. The discovery of human papillomavirus (HPV) as the cause of cervical cancer dramatically changed perspectives for disease control. Screening with HPV testing was launched around 1990, and preventive HPV vaccination was licensed in 2006. Long-term randomized controlled trials (RCT...

  5. Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Cervical Neoplasia

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Rungoe, Christine; Simonsen, Jacob; Riis, Lene

    2015-01-01

    BACKGROUND & AIMS: We examined the risk of cervical neoplasia (dysplasia or cancer) in women with ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn's disease (CD). We also calculated the reverse, the risk for diagnosis with cervical neoplasia before development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS: We...... established a national cohort of women diagnosed with UC (n = 18,691) or CD (n = 8717) between 1979 and 2011 and a control cohort of individually matched women from the general population (controls, n = 1,508,334). Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of screening activity and diagnosis of cervical neoplasia in women...... with IBD were assessed by Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) of cervical neoplasia before diagnosis of IBD were calculated by using conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: Women with CD underwent cervical cancer screening as often as women in the general population (IRR, 0...

  6. Knowledge and attitude towards cervical cancer screening among ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Background: Cervical cancer is a largely preventable disease. In western countries, the incidence of and mortality associated with cervical cancer has reduced substantially following the introduction of effective cervical screening programmes. This is in contrast to what is obtained in Africa including Nigeria where cervical ...

  7. General Information about Cervical Cancer

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... cancer is found early. Signs and symptoms of cervical cancer include vaginal bleeding and pelvic pain. These and other signs and symptoms may be caused by cervical cancer or by other conditions . Check with your ...

  8. Treatment Option Overview (Cervical Cancer)

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... cancer is found early. Signs and symptoms of cervical cancer include vaginal bleeding and pelvic pain. These and other signs and symptoms may be caused by cervical cancer or by other conditions . Check with your ...

  9. Human Papillomavirus and Vaccination in Cervical Cancer

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kung-Liahng Wang

    2007-12-01

    Full Text Available Cervical cancer is not only the most frequently reported cancer among women, but also the most common female genital tract neoplasm in Taiwan. Early detection is effective, because the development, maintenance and progression of precursor lesions (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia [CIN] evolve slowly into invasive cancer, typically over a period of more than 10 years. It is now recognized that human papillomavirus (HPV infection is a necessary cause for over 99% of cervical cancer cases. Advances in the understanding of the causative role of HPV in the etiology of high-grade cervical lesions (CIN 2/3 and cervical cancer have led to the development, evaluation and recommendation of HPV-based technologies for cervical cancer prevention and control. The prevention of HPV infection before the onset of CIN is now possible with recently available prophylactic HPV vaccines, e.g. the quadrivalent Gardasil (Merck & Co., NJ, USA and bivalent Cervarix (GlaxoSmithKline, London, UK. This review article provides an up-to-date summary of recent studies and available information concerning HPV and vaccination in cervical cancer.

  10. Elongated Styloid Process and Cervical Spondylosis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Zeliha Unlu MD

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available Background Dysphagia, is a significant sign of many different lesions in upper digestive system especially in proximal esophagus. Tumors, gastroesophageal reflux, achalasia and extrinsic compressions are the most common causes that may lead to dysphagia in geriatric population. Cervical osteophyte induced dysphagia, is one of the uncommon reasons of dysphagia, therefore other causes of dysphagia must be excluded to establish the exact diagnosis. Eagle syndrome is one of the considerable reason which may lead to misdiagnosis in patients with cervical osteophytes. In this case report, we represent four patients who had dysphagia due to anteriorly located cervical osteophytes and evaluate the patients with special reference to Eagle syndrome. Material and methods After a detailed anamnesis and ENT examination, cervical plain radiographs in four projections and Towne radiographs were obtained for every patient. After that, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI of cervical spine and barium swallowing studies were performed to evaluate the presence of esophageal compression. Results Eagle syndrome was excluded due to absence of other symptoms and physical signs, eventhough unilateral or bilateral elongation of styloid processes was found in all of the patients. Conclusion Cervical osteophytes induced dysphagia is a rare clinical entity, diagnosis should be done by a careful examination, intensive radiologic evaluation. Moreover, all the other causes like Eagle syndrome should be excluded during the diagnosis of cervical osteophyte induced dysphagia.

  11. Generalized conventional and intelligent supervisory control system for combined cycle generation power plants; Sistema de control supervisorio generalizado convencional e inteligente para centrales de generacion de ciclo combinado

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Martinez Morales, Miguel Angel

    2004-12-15

    (conventional or intelligent) is possible to get more power generation than if we use the automatic methods based on feedback MW control. Consequently, the financial benefit due to the MW generated along a period of 2 months, is equivalent to return the investment required if the CCPP would had been repowered. Test also showed that with the fuzzy based SGC is possible to get a 'little more' power generation than if we use the PID based SGC. The development and implementation of the SGC was made in three phases: First Phase: Upgrading of the simulation dynamic mathematical model and implementation in a new software platform based on LabWindows/CVI. Second Phase: Design, implementation and testing of the PID based SGC. Third Phase: Design and implementation and testing of the Intelligent SGC, based in fuzzy logic. [Spanish] El programa de obras de generacion de la Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) del ano 2004 al ano 2008 esta caracterizado por el dominio del proceso de ciclo combinado para la expansion de generacion de energia en Mexico [CFE, 2000]. De acuerdo con los datos presentados por esta fuente, el incremento estimado en la capacidad de generacion de potencia electrica es de 12876 MW, de los cuales las centrales de ciclo combinado aportaran 10655 MW, lo que representa el 82.75%. Bajo estas expectativas de expansion de generacion de energia en Mexico, en este trabajo de tesis se desarrollo un sistema de control supervisorio generalizado (CSG) convencional (PID) e inteligente (logica difusa) para una central de generacion de ciclo combinado, el cual permite lograr la operacion optima de la planta a traves del arranque automatico de las unidades generadoras y obtener la maxima cantidad posible de potencia electrica en forma automatica y segura. Para el desarrollo del CSG se implanto un lazo de control por temperatura para el sistema de turbina de gas (TG) y un lazo de control por presion estrangulada para la turbina de vapor (TV). El diseno de estos sistemas

  12. "White Cord Syndrome" of Acute Hemiparesis After Posterior Cervical Decompression and Fusion for Chronic Cervical Stenosis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Antwi, Prince; Grant, Ryan; Kuzmik, Gregory; Abbed, Khalid

    2018-05-01

    "White cord syndrome" is a very rare condition thought to be due to acute reperfusion of chronically ischemic areas of the spinal cord. Its hallmark is the presence of intramedullary hyperintense signal on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging sequences in a patient with unexplained neurologic deficits following spinal cord decompression surgery. The syndrome is rare and has been reported previously in 2 patients following anterior cervical decompression and fusion. We report an additional case of this complication. A 68-year-old man developed acute left-sided hemiparesis after posterior cervical decompression and fusion for cervical spondylotic myelopathy. The patient improved with high-dose steroid therapy. The rare white cord syndrome following either anterior cervical decompression and fusion or posterior cervical decompression and fusion may be due to ischemic-reperfusion injury sustained by chronically compressed parts of the spinal cord. In previous reports, patients have improved following steroid therapy and acute rehabilitation. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  13. Risk of cervical cancer after completed post-treatment follow-up of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Rebolj, Matejka; Helmerhorst, Theo; Habbema, Dik

    2012-01-01

    To compare the risk of cervical cancer in women with histologically confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia who returned to routine screening after having completed post-treatment follow-up with consecutive normal smear test results with women with a normal primary smear test result....

  14. Imaging of cervical spine injuries of childhood

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Khanna, Geetika; El-Khoury, Georges Y. [University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Department of Radiology, 3951 JPP, Iowa, IA (United States)

    2007-06-15

    Cervical spine injuries of children, though rare, have a high morbidity and mortality. The pediatric cervical spine is anatomically and biomechanically different from that of adults. Hence, the type, level and outcome of cervical spine injuries in children are different from those seen in adults. Normal developmental variants seen in children can make evaluation of the pediatric cervical spine challenging. This article reviews the epidemiology of pediatric cervical spine trauma, normal variants seen in children and specific injuries that are more common in the pediatric population. We also propose an evidence-based imaging protocol to avoid unnecessary imaging studies and minimize radiation exposure in children. (orig.)

  15. RETOS DEL APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN PROBLEMAS

    OpenAIRE

    Carlos Antonio Poot-Delgado

    2013-01-01

    Se realiza una breve descripción de la viabilidad y retos de llevar a la práctica docente el aprendizaje basado en problemas, con una estructura organizada, donde se plasman ideas bien fundamentadas con claridad y precisión. Asimismo, se plantean reflexiones pertinentes, mediante ejercicios alusivos y ubicados en la práctica docente. Es decir, una forma de trabajo que puede ser usada por el edu- cador en una parte de su curso, combinado con otras técnicas didácticas y de- limitando los objeti...

  16. Migración y remesas: ¿están afectando la sustentabilidad de la agricultura y la soberanía alimentaria en Chiapas?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Helda Morales

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Con este artículo se pretende contribuir al debate sobre el impacto de la migración internacional y de las remesas en la agricultura. Presentamos los resultados de una encuesta realizada en 2011 sobre agricultura, combinados con muestreos de agrobiodiversidad en parcelas de familias con y sin migrantes de cuatro comunidades campesinas de Chiapas. En contra de lo esperado, los resultados sugieren que la migración no está provocando ni abandono de la agricultura, ni cambios sustanciales en el tipo de cultivos de las zonas estudiadas.

  17. Avaliação da lordose da coluna cervical nos pacientes com escoliose do tipo Lenke I submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico Evaluación de la lordosis de la columna cervical en los pacientes con escoliosis del tipo Lenke I sometidos al tratamiento quirúrgico Evaluation of cervical behavior in patients with scoliosis Lenke who underwent surgery

    OpenAIRE

    José Lucas Batista Junior; Priscila Rossi de Batista; Diogo Miranda Barbosa; Igor Cardoso Machado; Rodrigo Rezende

    2011-01-01

    OBJETIVO: Avaliar a angulação da lordose cervical nos pacientes portadores de Escoliose Idiopática do Adolescente (EIA) do tipo Lenke I, no período pré- e pós-operatório. MÉTODO: Estudo prospectivo e descritivo em que foram avaliados pacientes com EIA, sendo documentadas medidas antropométricas. Foram avaliadas as angulações das radiografias (posição ortostática) em perfil cervical de C3 a C7 no período pré- e pós-operatório, estabelecendo como normal a lordose cervical entre 10 e 30 graus. R...

  18. The Effect of the PEEK Cage on the Cervical Lordosis in Patients Undergoing Anterior Cervical Discectomy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Salih Gulsen

    2015-03-01

    CONCLUSION: We achieved better cervical lordotic angles at the postoperative period by implanting one-level, two-level, three-level or four-level PEEK cage filled with demineralized bone matrix. Also, the causes of cervical root and or medulla spinalis impingement were different in group1 and 2. While extruded cervical disc impingement was the first pathology in group 1, osteophyte formation was the first pathology in group 2.

  19. Neoplasia intraepitelial cervical en mujeres menores de 25 años

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Martha María Chávez Valdivia

    2012-03-01

    Full Text Available Fundamento: aunque la incidencia de lesiones preinvasivas del cervix ha sido mayor en mujeres de la tercera a cuarta década de la vida, en los últimos años se ha encontrando un número no despreciable de mujeres menores de 25 años afectadas por este tipo de lesiones de bajo o alto grado. Objetivo: describir el comportamiento de las neoplasias intraepiteliales cervicales diagnosticadas en mujeres menores de 25 años de edad, y tratadas con radiocirugía. Métodos: estudio retrospectivo y descriptivo de 67 pacientes menores de 25 años de edad, con diagnóstico de neoplasia intraepitelial cervical y tratadas por el método de radiocirugía en el Hospital General de Cienfuegos. Se analizaron las variables: edad, tipo de NIC, grado de la NIC y presencia de VPH. Resultados: el grupo más afectado fue el de las mujeres de 21 a 25 años de edad, portador del 70,4 % de lesiones. El 86, 56 % de las lesiones fue de alto grado. Las lesiones estuvieron asociadas con elevada frecuencia (88,05 % a condiloma, evidencia histológica indirecta de la citotoxicidad por la infestación tisular del VPH. Conclusiones: La presencia de NIC en mujeres menores de 25 años de edad, se configura en nuestro medio como problema de salud. El presente estudio puede servir como sustrato para desarrollar investigaciones similares en varios lugares del país, con la finalidad de aportar evidencia global que conduzca al cambio.

  20. Cervical Cancer is Preventable! PSA (:60)

    Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

    This 60 second Public Service Announcement is based on the November 2014 CDC Vital Signs report. Every visit to a doctor or nurse is an opportunity to prevent cervical cancer. Women can get a Pap test and HPV test to help prevent cervical cancer and adolescent boys and girls can get the HPV vaccination series to help prevent cervical and other cancers.

  1. Conventional and intelligent generalized supervisory control for combined cycle generating power stations.; Control supervisiorio generalizado convencional e inteligente para centrales de generacion de ciclo combinado

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Martinez M, Miguel A; Sanchez P, Marino [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico); Gonzalez Rubio S, Jose L [Cento Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo Tecnologico (Cenidet), Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)

    2005-07-01

    Under the expectations of expansion of electric power generation in Mexico, this work exposes the development of a conventional and intelligent generalized supervisory control (CSG) for a combined cycle generation power plant. This one allows to obtain the optimal operation of the power plant through the automatic starting of the generating units and to obtain the maximum possible amount of electrical power in automatic and safe form. For the development of the CSG a control loop by temperature was implemented for the gas turbine system and a control loop by strangled pressure for the gas turbine and a control loop by strangled pressure for the steam turbine. The design of these supervisory systems was made with base in the critical limits on the involved variables of the process: blading average temperature, for the gas turbine (GT) and strangled pressure for the steam turbine (ST) [Spanish] Bajo estas expectativas de expansion de generacion de energia en Mexico, este trabajo expone el desarrollo de un control supervisorio generalizado (CSG) para una central generacion de ciclo combinado. Este permite lograr la operacion optima de la planta a traves del arranque automatico de las unidades generadoras y obtener la maxima cantidad posible de potencia electrica en forma automatica y segura. Para el desarrollo del CSG se implanto un lazo de control por temperatura para el sistema de turbina de gas y un lazo de control por presion estrangulada para la turbina de gas y un lazo de control por presion estrangulada para la turbina de vapor. El diseno de estos sistemas supervisorio se realizo con base en los limites criticos de las variables del proceso involucradas: temperatura promedio de empaletado para la turbina de gas (TG) y presion estrangulada para la turbina de vapor (TV)

  2. Advances in cervical screening technology.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Stoler, M H

    2000-03-01

    The Pap smear unquestionably is a successful screening test for cervical cancer. However, recent advances in technology have raised questions regarding whether the conventional Pap smear is still the standard of care. This article relates issues of screening and cost-effectiveness to the state of the art in thin layer preparations, cytology automation, human papillomavirus screening, human papillomavirus vaccines, and other cervical screening adjuncts. Perhaps nowhere in medicine is clinical decision making being more strongly influenced by market and other external forces than in cervical cytopathology.

  3. Cervical spondylosis and hypertension: a clinical study of 2 cases.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Peng, Baogan; Pang, Xiaodong; Li, Duanming; Yang, Hong

    2015-03-01

    Cervical spondylosis and hypertension are all common diseases, but the relationship between them has never been studied. Patients with cervical spondylosis are often accompanied with vertigo. Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion is an effective method of treatment for cervical spondylosis with cervical vertigo that is unresponsive to conservative therapy. We report 2 patients of cervical spondylosis with concomitant cervical vertigo and hypertension who were treated successfully with anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. Stimulation of sympathetic nerve fibers in pathologically degenerative disc could produce sympathetic excitation, and induce a sympathetic reflex to cause cervical vertigo and hypertension. In addition, chronic neck pain could contribute to hypertension development through sympathetic arousal and failure of normal homeostatic pain regulatory mechanisms. Cervical spondylosis may be one of the causes of secondary hypertension. Early treatment for resolution of symptoms of cervical spondylosis may have a beneficial impact on cardiovascular disease risk in patients with cervical spondylosis.

  4. Cervical occlusion in women with cervical insufficiency: protocol for a randomised, controlled trial with cerclage, with and without cervical occlusion

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Secher, Niels Jørgen; MaCormack, CD; Weber, Tom

    2007-01-01

    Kingdom, Spain, South Africa, Australia and India. This gives both a broad spectrum of diversity global and local. We expect a total of 242 women enrolled per year. POPULATION: Prophylactic study: 1. History of cervical incompetence/insufficiency. (Delivery 15 to ..., without the membranes being exposed to the vagina. 6. Tertiary cerclage: Short cervix, membranes exposed to the vagina. Observational study: Eligible women who refuse to be randomised will participate in an observational study. 7. Repeat/requested cervical occlusion. METHODS: The women will be randomised...... between a single (vaginal or abdominal) and a double cerclage. The cervical cerclage (McDonald or Shirodkar) as well as the abdominal suture will be performed with the same material and technique normally used by the participating department. Those randomised to the double cerclage will have...

  5. Efeitos de um tratamento combinado (vitamina C pré-exercício e alongamento FNP, tratamento com ultrassom pós-exercício sobre marcadores de dano muscular induzido por exercício

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ali Jalalvand

    2012-10-01

    Full Text Available CONTEXTO: Várias estratégias de recuperação têm sido utilizadas na tentativa de minimizar os sintomas da dor muscular de início tardio (DMIT. Contudo, evidências científicas que apoiem este efeito profilático (pré-exercício e terapêutico (pós-exercício de um tratamento combinado (FNP e vitamina C, ultrassom no dano muscular são inexistentes. OBJETIVO: Investigar os efeitos de um tratamento combinado (FNP e vitamina C, ultrassom nos marcadores bioquímicos (níveis enzimáticos e funcionais (ângulo do cotovelo, circunferência de braço, taxa de dor de dano muscular induzido por exercício. MÉTODO: Amostra randomizada controlada. LOCAL: Laboratório da Universidade. PARTICIPANTES: Alunos universitários masculinos participaram voluntariamente do estudo, o qual não reportou nenhuma dor muscular de início tardio por no mínimo seis meses antes do estudo. Posteriormente, os sujeitos foram agrupados aleatoriamente em subgrupos com mão controle e mão experimental. INTERVENÇÃO(ÕES: Programa de exercício para indução de dano muscular induzido por exercício envolvendo o teste de bíceps Scott (contração excêntrica com duas mãos. PROCEDIMENTO(S PRINCIPAL(IS: Circunferência de braço relaxado, circunferência de braço flexionado, ângulo de cotovelo em descanso, circunferência de antebraço, amplitude de movimento de cotovelo flexionado, amplitude de movimento de cotovelo estendido, dano muscular induzido por exercício, força máxima voluntária isométrica e isocinética foram registrados basal, imediatamente após exercício e 24, 48, 72 e 96 horas após exercício. RESULTADOS: O subgrupo experimental manifestou redução de sintomas de DMIT em menor amplitude de movimento de cotovelo flexionado e amplitude de movimento de cotovelo estendido, menor perda de força isométrica e isocinética voluntária máxima (P 0,05. CONCLUSÃO: Este tratamento combinado foi eficiente em contração máxima voluntária isom

  6. Cervical cancer incidence in elderly women

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Lynge, Elsebeth; Lönnberg, Stefan; Törnberg, Sven

    2017-01-01

    Aim: In many countries, the age-specific pattern of cervical cancer incidence is currently bipolar with peaks at for instance 45 and 65 years of age. Consequently, a large proportion of cervical cancer cases are presently diagnosed in women above the screening age. The purpose of the study...... was to determine whether this bipolar pattern in age-specific incidence of cervical cancer reflects underlying biology or can be explained by the fact that the data come from birth cohorts with different screening histories. Methods: Combination of historical data on cervical screening and population-based cancer...... incidence data from Denmark 1943–2013, Finland and Norway 1953–2013, and Sweden 1958–2013. Results: Since the implementation of screening, the incidence of cervical cancer has decreased for each successive birth cohort. All birth cohorts showed a unipolar age-specific pattern. In unscreened women in Denmark...

  7. Hemivertebra of the cervical spine: an uncommon background for neck pain, cervical scoliosis, and torticollis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kapetanakis, Stylianos; Gkasdaris, Grigorios; Nastoulis, Evangelos; Stavrev, Vladimir

    2017-10-01

    A 15-year-old female patient presented with neck pain accompanied by cervical scoliosis, on the existence of torticollis. Although rare, hemivertebra of the cervical spine is a congenital deformation associated with these three clinical features.

  8. Cervical disc hernia operations through posterior laminoforaminotomy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yolas, Coskun; Ozdemir, Nuriye Guzin; Okay, Hilmi Onder; Kanat, Ayhan; Senol, Mehmet; Atci, Ibrahim Burak; Yilmaz, Hakan; Coban, Mustafa Kemal; Yuksel, Mehmet Onur; Kahraman, Umit

    2016-01-01

    The most common used technique for posterolateral cervical disc herniations is anterior approach. However, posterior cervical laminotoforaminomy can provide excellent results in appropriately selected patients with foraminal stenosis in either soft disc prolapse or cervical spondylosis. The purpose of this study was to present the clinical outcomes following posterior laminoforaminotomy in patients with radiculopathy. We retrospectively evaluated 35 patients diagnosed with posterolateral cervical disc herniation and cervical spondylosis with foraminal stenosis causing radiculopathy operated by the posterior cervical keyhole laminoforaminotomy between the years 2010 and 2015. The file records and the radiographic images of the 35 patients were assessed retrospectively. The mean age was 46.4 years (range: 34-66 years). Of the patients, 19 were males and 16 were females. In all of the patients, the neurologic deficit observed was radiculopathy. The posterolaterally localized disc herniations and the osteophytic structures were on the left side in 18 cases and on the right in 17 cases. In 10 of the patients, the disc level was at C5-6, in 18 at C6-7, in 2 at C3-4, in 2 at C4-5, in 1 at C7-T1, in 1 patient at both C5-6 and C6-7, and in 1 at both C4-5 and C5-6. In 14 of these 35 patients, both osteophytic structures and protruded disc herniation were present. Intervertebral foramen stenosis was present in all of the patients with osteophytes. Postoperatively, in 31 patients the complaints were relieved completely and four patients had complaints of neck pain and paresthesia radiating to the arm (the success of operation was 88.5%). On control examinations, there was no finding of instability or cervical kyphosis. Posterior cervical laminoforaminotomy is an alternative appropriate choice in both cervical soft disc herniations and cervical stenosis.

  9. Cervical lordosis: the effect of age and gender.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Been, Ella; Shefi, Sara; Soudack, Michalle

    2017-06-01

    Cervical lordosis is of great importance to posture and function. Neck pain and disability is often associated with cervical lordosis malalignment. Surgical procedures involving cervical lordosis stabilization or restoration must take into account age and gender differences in cervical lordosis architecture to avoid further complications. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate differences in cervical lordosis between males and females from childhood to adulthood. This is a retrospective descriptive study. A total of 197 lateral cervical radiographs of patients aged 6-50 years were examined. These were divided into two age groups: the younger group (76 children aged 6-19; 48 boys and 28 girls) and the adult group (121 adults aged 20-50; 61 males and 60 females). The retrospective review of the radiographs was approved by the institutional review board. On each radiograph, six lordosis angles were measured including total cervical lordosis (FM-C7), upper (FM-C3; C1-C3) and lower (C3-C7) cervical lordosis, C1-C7 lordosis, and the angle between foramen magnum and the atlas (FM-C1). Wedging angles of each vertebral body (C3-C7) and intervertebral discs (C2-C3 to C6-C7) were also measured. Vertebral body wedging and intervertebral disc wedging were defined as the sum of the individual body or disc wedging of C3 to C7, respectively. Each cervical radiograph was classified according to four postural categories: A-lordotic, B-straight, C-double curve, and D-kyphotic. The total cervical lordosis of males and females was similar. Males had smaller upper cervical lordosis (FM-C3) and higher lower cervical lordosis (C3-C7) than females. The sum of vertebral body wedging of males and females is kyphotic (anterior height smaller than posterior height). Males had more lordotic intervertebral discs than females. Half of the adults (51%) had lordotic cervical spine, 41% had straight spine, and less than 10% had double curve or kyphotic spine. Children had

  10. Prevalence of micronuclei in exfoliated uterine cervical cells from patients with risk factors for cervical cancer.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Reis Campos, Lízia Maria Franco dos; Luz Dias, Francisca da; Antunes, Lusânia Maria Greggi; Murta, Eddie Fernando Candido

    2008-11-01

    Pap smears are the most common and inexpensive screening method for cervical cancer. We analyzed micronucleus prevalence in exfoliated cervical mucosa cells, to investigate associations between increased numbers of micronuclei and risk factors for cervical cancer. Analytical cross-sectional study, at Instituto de Pesquisa em Oncologia (IPON). Exfoliated cervical cells were obtained from 101 patients between September 2004 and November 2005. Patients' ages, habits (passive or active smoking, alcoholism and numbers of sexual partners), age at first sexual intercourse, contraceptive methods used, histories of sexually transmitted diseases, use of hormone replacement therapy, numbers of pregnancies and abortions, inflammatory cytology and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) were obtained. Cells were collected using Ayre spatulas, transferred to vials containing 0.9% saline solution for micronucleus tests and analyzed at 1000x magnification. The number of micronuclei in 1,000 epithelial cells per patient sample was counted. Comparisons between groups with active (7.9 +/- 7.8) and passive (7.2 +/- 10.6) smoking versus no smoking (3.7 +/- 5.1); with/without alcoholism (7.8 +/- 1.4 and 6.9 +/- 10.1); with/without inflammatory cytology (10.7 +/- 10.5 and 1.3 +/- 1.7); and with CIN I, II and III and no CIN (respectively 4.3 +/- 4.3, 10.6 +/- 5.3, 22.7 +/- 11.9 and 1.3 +/- 1.4) found elevated micronucleus prevalence (P < 0.05). We concluded that the prevalence of micronuclei in exfoliated uterine cervical cells was greater in patients with one or more risk factors for uterine cervical cancer than in patients without risk factors.

  11. Radiological evaluation of the cervical spinal trauma

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Bae, W. K.; Koh, B. H.; Hahm, C. K.; Kim, J. J. [School of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

    1983-03-15

    Acute injuries of the cervical spine are the most common causes of severe disability following trauma, yet the diagnosis of these injuries are often delayed and the treatment, inadequate. Traumatic injuries of the cervical spine are diagnosed by radiological examinations. And complete evaluations of bony structures and soft tissue changes on conventional radiograms are very important for determining the therapeutic plans and prognoses of the injuries patients. During the period of 5 years from June 1976 to May 1981, the radiological and clinical evaluation had been made on 38 patients suffered from acute cervical spinal injuries which were confirmed by the radiological examinations. The results were as follows. 1. Age distribution of total 38 patients was broad ranging from 19 years to 72 years. 2. The most common cause of injury was traffic accident, next fall down, other accident respectively. 3. Levels of the cervical spinal injuries were as follows: Upper cervical spine in 15.8%, lower cervical spine in 84.2%, and the most common injuries level was C 5. Most of the lower cervical spinal injuries were located in the vertebral body and spinous process. 4. Anatomical sites of the cervical spinal injuries were as follows; vertebral body in 55.5%, spinous process in 23.7%, neural arch in 15.8%, and locked facet in 18.4%, etc. 5. Most of the patients with severe mental changes were injuries in upper cervical spine rather than lower. And most of the patients with quadriplegia or paraplegia were shown marked disruption of spinal canal.

  12. Radiological evaluation of the cervical spinal trauma

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bae, W. K.; Koh, B. H.; Hahm, C. K.; Kim, J. J.

    1983-01-01

    Acute injuries of the cervical spine are the most common causes of severe disability following trauma, yet the diagnosis of these injuries are often delayed and the treatment, inadequate. Traumatic injuries of the cervical spine are diagnosed by radiological examinations. And complete evaluations of bony structures and soft tissue changes on conventional radiograms are very important for determining the therapeutic plans and prognoses of the injuries patients. During the period of 5 years from June 1976 to May 1981, the radiological and clinical evaluation had been made on 38 patients suffered from acute cervical spinal injuries which were confirmed by the radiological examinations. The results were as follows. 1. Age distribution of total 38 patients was broad ranging from 19 years to 72 years. 2. The most common cause of injury was traffic accident, next fall down, other accident respectively. 3. Levels of the cervical spinal injuries were as follows: Upper cervical spine in 15.8%, lower cervical spine in 84.2%, and the most common injuries level was C 5. Most of the lower cervical spinal injuries were located in the vertebral body and spinous process. 4. Anatomical sites of the cervical spinal injuries were as follows; vertebral body in 55.5%, spinous process in 23.7%, neural arch in 15.8%, and locked facet in 18.4%, etc. 5. Most of the patients with severe mental changes were injuries in upper cervical spine rather than lower. And most of the patients with quadriplegia or paraplegia were shown marked disruption of spinal canal

  13. The role of cytokines in cervical ripening: correlations between the concentrations of cytokines and hyaluronic acid in cervical mucus and the induction of hyaluronic acid production by inflammatory cytokines by human cervical fibroblasts.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ogawa, M; Hirano, H; Tsubaki, H; Kodama, H; Tanaka, T

    1998-07-01

    The purpose of our study was (1) to explain the relationship between levels of inflammatory cytokines and levels of hyaluronic acid in cervical mucus of pregnant women and (2) to investigate whether cytokines promote hyaluronic acid production by human cervical fibroblasts in vitro. The concentration of hyaluronic acid, interleukin-1beta, and interleukin-8 were measured in cervical mucus of pregnant women, and hyaluronic acid production by cytokine-treated (interleukin-1beta and interleukin-8) cultured fibroblasts was measured. Hyaluronic acid concentrations in the mucus of pregnant women with threatened premature labor were higher than in mucus of normal pregnant women (P hyaluronic acid concentrations and interleukin-1beta (P = .018) and interleukin-8 (P = .003) concentrations in cervical mucus. Cytokines (especially interleukin-8) stimulated hyaluronic acid production by cultured cervical fibroblasts. Cytokines induce hyaluronic acid production by human cervical fibroblasts, which may promote cervical ripening.

  14. Operative techniques for cervical radiculopathy and myelopathy.

    LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

    Moran, C

    2012-02-01

    The surgical treatment of cervical spondylosis and resulting cervical radiculopathy or myelopathy has evolved over the past century. Surgical options for dorsal decompression of the cervical spine includes the traditional laminectomy and laminoplasty, first described in Asia in the 1970\\'s. More recently the dorsal approch has been explored in terms of minimally invasive options including foraminotomies for nerve root descompression. Ventral decompression and fusion techniques are also described in the article, including traditional anterior cervical discectomy and fusion, strut grafting and cervical disc arthroplasty. Overall, the outcome from surgery is determined by choosing the correct surgery for the correct patient and pathology and this is what we hope to explain in this brief review.

  15. Modelo de implantação da estratégia através do uso combinado do método Hoshin Kanri e do gerenciamento de projetos

    OpenAIRE

    Rafael Pavão

    2013-01-01

    Esta dissertação propõe um modelo de implantação da estratégia através do método Hoshin Kanri, combinado ao gerenciamento de projetos, para organizar os processos do desdobramento das diretrizes e iniciativas, aumentando, desta forma, o sucesso na execução da estratégia empresarial. Elaborar a estratégia é um passo importante, contudo não basta ter um bom plano, é preciso executá-lo com sucesso, desenvolvendo as iniciativas certas, dentro do prazo e no custo necessário para atingir os objetiv...

  16. Mushrooms preserved by the combined effect of refrigeration and gamma irradiation; Champinones conservados por el efecto combinado de refrigeracion e irradiacion gamma

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Domenech, A M; Bauza de Faliti, M; Bocklet, M F

    1991-12-31

    In this work, the combined effect of refrigeration and gamma irradiation on diverse physical parameters to be measured in mushrooms was studied. Mushrooms (Agaricus Campestris), `bisporus` variety, of closed cap, were used. From the treatments tested, it was concluded that 0.5 KGy is the most suitable dosis to delay elongation, cap opening, stem length and surface moss growth. (Author). [Espanol] En este trabajo se ha estudiado el efecto combinado de la refrigeracion y la irradiacion gamma sobre los diversos parametros fisicos medibles en el champinon. Se utilizaron hongos del genero Agaricus Campestris, variedad bisporus, de sombrero cerrado. De los tratamientos ensayados, se ha demostrado tener efecto util la dosis de 0,5 KGy ya que se logro retardar crecimiento, apertura del sombrero, largo del pie y desarrollo de mohos en superficie. (Autor).

  17. Design and results of the USA-Mexico Border Human Papillomavirus (HPV, Cervical Dysplasia, and Chlamydia trachomatis Study Diseño y resultados del estudio sobre los papilomavirus humanos (PVH, la displasia cervical y Chlamydia trachomatis en la frontera de Estados Unidos y México

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Anna R. Giuliano

    2001-03-01

    infrastructure for future research.Objetivos. México tiene una de las mayores tasas mundiales de mortalidad por cáncer cervical invasor, sobre todo en los estados del norte que tienen frontera con los Estados Unidos de América (EE.UU.. Además, los hispanos residentes en los EE.UU. tienen mayores tasas que los no hispanos de este país. Considerando esta situación, se formó un equipo de ambos países para analizar el problema y determinar la prevalencia y factores de riesgo de la displasia cervical y de la infección por papilomavirus humanos (PVH, una enfermedad de transmisión sexual que se sabe que causa cáncer cervical. También se analizó la infección por Chlamydia trachomatis, una enfermedad de transmisión sexual frecuente que podría constituir un cofactor de los PVH. Métodos. La investigación, realizada en 1997 y 1998 en la zona fronteriza de los estados de Arizona (EE.UU. y Sonora (México, consistió en un estudio transversal de 2 436 mujeres (media de 33,3 ± 10,3 años que acudían a consultas ginecológicas de rutina. Se efectuaron frotis cervicales de Papanicolaou y pruebas de detección de la infección por PVH, mediante la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR y la captación de híbridos (HC, y de la infección por C. trachomatis, mediante HC e inmunoanálisis enzimático (EIA. Resultados. La prevalencia global de exámenes citológicos anormales fue del 9,3%; la diferencia entre México (11,4% y EE.UU. (6,6% fue significativa. Un 14,5% de las participantes fueron positivas para los PVH en la PCR, sin que hubiera diferencias entre los dos países, y esto a pesar de que las mujeres mejicanas tenían menores riesgos relacionados con la conducta. La prevalencia global de C. trachomatis fue mayor con la HC que con el EIA (8,2% frente a 3,0% y fue mayor en México que en EE.UU. con ambos métodos. Conclusiones. Un importante logro de este proyecto consistió en la puesta en marcha de un programa de control de la calidad de la recolección de los frotis

  18. Radical surgery for early stage cervical cancer

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Derks, M.

    2017-01-01

    Cervical cancer is one of the most common malignancies in women worldwide. Due to an effective screening programme, in the Netherlands cervical cancer is often detected in early stages of disease. For early stage (International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IB/IIA) cervical

  19. Dolor cervical incoercible

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Adrián F Narváez-Muñoz

    2014-03-01

    Astrocytomas are relatively common glial neoplasm of the central nervous system, but only a small percentage of them are located in the spinal cord, with a predilection for the cervical and dorsal regions. In most cases, extend longitudinally, affecting several cord segments. Pain is a frequent symptom of local character bone segments involving the tumor, associated with sensory deficit and / or motor. The following is the case of a 60 year old woman with cervical cord astrocytoma extended to the brainstem.

  20. Cervical cancer risk levels in Turkey and compliance to the national cervical cancer screening standard.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Açikgöz, Ayla; Ergör, Gül

    2011-01-01

    Cervical cancer screening with Pap smear test is a cost-effective method. The Ministry of Health in Turkey recommends that it be performed once every five years after age 35. The purpose of this study was to determine the cervical cancer risk levels of women between 35 and 69, and the intervals they have the Pap smear test, and to investigate the relation between the two. This study was performed on 227 women aged between 35 and 69 living in Balçova District of İzmir province. Using the cervical cancer risk index program of Harvard School of Public Health, the cervical cancer risk level of 70% of the women was found below average, 22.1% average, and 7.9% above average. Only 52% of the women have had Pap smear test at least once in their lives. The percentage screening regularly in conformity with the national screening standard was 39.2%. Women in the 40-49 age group, were married, conformed significantly more (pducation and decreased with the cervical cancer risk level (pducation level, menstruation state of the women and the economic level of the family. Not having the Pap smear test in conformity with the national cervical cancer screening standard in 35-39 age group was 2.52 times more than 40-49 age group, while it was 3.26 times more in 60-69 age group (pducation level might cause not having Pap smear test. Under these circumstances, the cervical cancer risk levels should be determined and the individuals should be informed. Providing Pap smear test screening service to individuals in the target group of national screening standard, as a public service may resolve the inequalities due to age and educational differences.

  1. Cervical plexus block for thyroidectomy

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Adele

    RESEARCH. Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia & Analgesia - November 2003 ... Cervical plexus block has also been found useful for thy- .... lar, transverse cervical and supraclavicular nerves. ... administration of midazolam and pentazocine as required. ... find out if there were postoperative complications specific to.

  2. Influencia de la sepsis vaginal endógena sobre la calidad del moco cervical en mujeres infértiles

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lissabet de la Caridad Cordoví Recio

    2014-09-01

    Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y observacional de 150 mujeres infértiles atendidas en el Hospital Universitario Ginecoobstétrico Provincial "Ana Betancourt de Mora" de Camagüey, desde el 1 de junio de 2012 hasta el 31 de mayo de 2013, con vistas a determinar la influencia de la sepsis vaginal endógena sobre la calidad del moco cervical en estas pacientes, para lo cual se confeccionó un modelo de registro que recogía los aspectos siguientes: datos personales, antecedentes de infecciones vaginales, evaluación del moco cervical, hallazgos microbiológicos y técnicas de aseo genital; también se aplicó una encuesta para verificar los conocimientos que poseían al respecto. En la serie predominaron las féminas de piel blanca, las mayores de 35 años, los resultados microbiológicos positivos, así como la levadura y la vaginosis como diagnósticos más comunes; asimismo, el moco cervical resultó no adecuado en todos los casos y fue evidente el nivel de desconocimiento de las pacientes acerca del tema

  3. Epidemiology of human papillomavirus infections: new options for cervical cancer prevention Epidemiología de las infecciones por el papilomavirus humano: nuevas opciones para la prevención del cáncer cervical

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    F. Xavier Bosch

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available In the last two decades, the cervical cancer puzzle has become a coherent description that includes the identification of human papillomavirus (HPV as the sexually transmitted etiologic agent and the characterization of the major determinants of HPV acquisition. Triage studies have consistently shown that HPV testing is more sensitive that repeated cytology in identifying underlying high-grade lesions in women with atypical scamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS. Studies that reflect primary screening conditions have shown that the sensitivity of HPV tests is higher than standard cytology in detecting high-grade lesions whereas the specificity is similar only in women aged 30-35 and above. HPV vaccines have an intrinsic attraction as a preventive strategy in populations with limited resources. However, vaccines designed to widespread use are still in development and testing phases. Time is ripe for exploring in depth the clinical implications of current achievements and to devise novel strategies for the prevention of cervical cancer.En las ultimas dos décadas, el enigma del cáncer cervical (CaCu ha comenzado a ser dilucidado y actualmente se ha identificado a la infección por virus de papiloma humano (VPH como su agente etiológico transmitido sexualmente, y se han caracterizado los principales determinantes de infección por VPH. Estudios epidemiológicos han mostrado consistentemente que las pruebas de determinación de ADN de VPH son más sensibles que la citología repetida para la identificación de lesiones de alto grado en mujeres con diagnóstico de células escamosas atípicas de significado indeterminado (ASCUS. Diversos estudios que evalúan el tamizaje primario en CaCu, han mostrado que la sensibilidad de las pruebas de VPH es más alta que la citología estándar para detectar lesiones de alto grado, donde la especificidad es similar sólo en mujeres con edades entre 30 y 35 años o mayores. Las vacunas de VPH tienen

  4. CT imaging techniques for describing motions of the cervicothoracic junction and cervical spine during flexion, extension, and cervical traction.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Simon, Scott; Davis, Martin; Odhner, Dewey; Udupa, Jayaram; Winkelstein, Beth

    2006-01-01

    Computerized tomographic study of human cadavers undergoing traction and flexion-extension bending. To investigate the feasibility of using computerized tomography techniques to quantify relative vertebral motions of the cervical spine and cervicothoracic junction (CTJ), and to define normative CTJ kinematics. Despite developing an understanding of the mechanical behavior of the cervical spine, little remains known about the cervicothoracic junction. The CTJ is more difficult to image than other cervical regions given the anatomic features of the surrounding bones obstructing CTJ visualization. As such, limited data have been reported describing the responses of the CTJ for motions and loading in the sagittal plane, confounding the clinical assessment of its injuries and surgical treatments used at this region. Helical CT images of the cervical spine and CTJ were acquired incrementally during each of flexion, extension, and cervical traction. Vertebral surfaces were reconstructed using the specialized image analysis software, 3DVIEWNIX. A mathematical description of relative vertebral motions was derived by computing rigid transformations. Euler angles and translations were calculated. Regional spine stiffness was defined for traction. The CTJ was found to be much stiffer (779 N/mm) than the cervical spine (317 N/mm) in tension. In flexion-extension bending, the CTJ was similar to the lower cervical spine. The CTJ demonstrated significantly less coupled motion than the cervical spine. The CTJ, as a transition region between the cervical and thoracic spines, has unique kinematic characteristics. This application of kinematic CT methods is useful for quantifying unreported normative ranges of motion for the CTJ, difficult by other conventional radiologic means.

  5. Cobertura radicular mediante la utilización de un injerto subepitelial de tejido conectivo combinado con un colgajo pediculado avanzado coronalmente

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Antonio Díaz Caballero

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Las recesiones gingivales son un hallazgo clínico muy frecuente que ocasionan problemas estéticos, hipersensibilidad dentaria y dificultad para llevar a cabo una correcta higiene oral en los pacientes. Uno de los objetivos de la terapia periodontal es corregir quirúrgicamente las recesiones; se han descrito una variedad de enfoques quirúrgicos como métodos efectivos para cubrir las superficies radiculares expuestas, siendo el injerto libre de tejido conectivo una de las técnicas que hoy en día ofrece un buen porcentaje de éxito y predecibilidad. Se presenta el caso de un paciente con retracción del margen gingival en el maxilar superior derecho; se describe el procedimiento quirúrgico usando una técnica bilaminar empleando un injerto subepitelial de tejido conectivo bajo un colgajo de espesor parcial posicionado coronalmente, y se obtienen buenos resultados estéticos y cobertura radicular.

  6. [Cervical spine trauma].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yilmaz, U; Hellen, P

    2016-08-01

    In the emergency department 65 % of spinal injuries and 2-5 % of blunt force injuries involve the cervical spine. Of these injuries approximately 50 % involve C5 and/or C6 and 30 % involve C2. Older patients tend to have higher spinal injuries and younger patients tend to have lower injuries. The anatomical and development-related characteristics of the pediatric spine as well as degenerative and comorbid pathological changes of the spine in the elderly can make the radiological evaluation of spinal injuries difficult with respect to possible trauma sequelae in young and old patients. Two different North American studies have investigated clinical criteria to rule out cervical spine injuries with sufficient certainty and without using imaging. Imaging of cervical trauma should be performed when injuries cannot be clinically excluded according to evidence-based criteria. Degenerative changes and anatomical differences have to be taken into account in the evaluation of imaging of elderly and pediatric patients.

  7. Fusion around cervical disc prosthesis: case report.

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Bartels, R.H.M.A.; Donk, R.

    2005-01-01

    OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: Cervical arthroplasty is a relatively new method to maintain motion after cervical anterior discectomy. Two cases are presented in which bony fusion occurred around a cervical disc prosthesis. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 30-year-old man and a 49-year-old woman underwent a

  8. Risk of high-grade cervical dysplasia and cervical cancer in women with systemic lupus erythematosus receiving immunosuppressive drugs.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Feldman, C H; Liu, J; Feldman, S; Solomon, D H; Kim, S C

    2017-06-01

    Objective Prior studies suggest an increased risk of cervical cancer among women with systemic lupus erythematosus. However, the relationship with immunosuppressive drugs is not well studied in US nationwide cohorts. We compared the risk of high-grade cervical dysplasia and cervical cancer among women with systemic lupus erythematosus who started immunosuppressive drugs versus hydroxychloroquine. Methods We identified systemic lupus erythematosus patients initiating immunosuppressive drugs or hydroxychloroquine using claims data from two US commercial health plans and Medicaid (2000-2012). We used a validated claims-based algorithm to identify high-grade cervical dysplasia or cervical cancer. To account for potential confounders, including demographic factors, comorbidities, medication use, HPV vaccination status, and health care utilization, immunosuppressive drugs and hydroxychloroquine initiators were 1:1 matched on the propensity score. We used inverse variance-weighted, fixed effect models to pool hazard ratios from the propensity score-matched Medicaid and commercial cohorts. Results We included 2451 matched pairs of immunosuppressive drugs and hydroxychloroquine new users in the commercial cohort and 7690 matched pairs in Medicaid. In the commercial cohort, there were 14 cases of cervical dysplasia or cervical cancer among immunosuppressive drugs users and five cases among hydroxychloroquine users (hazard ratio 2.47, 95% CI 0.89-6.85, hydroxychloroquine = ref). In Medicaid, there were 46 cases among immunosuppressive drugs users and 29 cases in hydroxychloroquine users (hazard ratio 1.24, 95% CI 0.78-1.98, hydroxychloroquine = ref). The pooled hazard ratio of immunosuppressive drugs was 1.40 (95% CI 0.92-2.12). Conclusion Among women with systemic lupus erythematosus, immunosuppressive drugs may be associated with a greater, albeit not statistically significant, risk of high-grade cervical dysplasia and cervical cancer compared to patients receiving

  9. Ezrin and E-cadherin expression profile in cervical cytology: a prognostic marker for tumor progression in cervical cancer.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zacapala-Gómez, Ana E; Navarro-Tito, Napoleón; Alarcón-Romero, Luz Del C; Ortuño-Pineda, Carlos; Illades-Aguiar, Berenice; Castañeda-Saucedo, Eduardo; Ortiz-Ortiz, Julio; Garibay-Cerdenares, Olga L; Jiménez-López, Marco A; Mendoza-Catalán, Miguel A

    2018-03-27

    Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth cause of mortality by neoplasia in women worldwide. The use of immunomarkers is an alternative tool to complement currently used algorithms for detection of cancer, and to improve selection of therapeutic schemes. Aberrant expression of Ezrin and E-cadherin play an important role in tumor invasion. In this study we analyzed Ezrin and E-cadherin expression in liquid-based cervical cytology samples, and evaluated their potential use as prognostic immunomarkers. Immunocytochemical staining of Ezrin and E-cadherin was performed in cervical samples of 125 patients. The cytological or histological diagnostic was performed by Papanicolaou staining or H&E staining, respectively. HPV genotyping was determined using INNO-LIPA Genotyping Extra kit and the HPV physical status by in situ hybridization. Ezrin expression in HaCaT, HeLa and SiHa cell lines was determined by immunocytochemistry, immunofluorescence and Western blot. High Ezrin expression was observed in cervical cancer samples (70%), samples with multiple infection by HR-HPV (43%), and samples with integrated viral genome (47%). High Ezrin expression was associated with degree of SIL, viral genotype and physical status. In contrast, low E-cadherin expression was found in cervical cancer samples (95%), samples with multiple infection by HR-HPV/LR-HPV (87%) and integrated viral genome (72%). Low E-cadherin expression was associated with degree of SIL and viral genotype. Interestingly, Ezrin nuclear staining was associated with degree of SIL and viral genotype. High Ezrin expression, high percent of nuclear Ezrin and low E-cadherin expression behaved as risk factors for progression to HSIL and cervical cancer. Ezrin and E-cadherin expression profile in cervical cytology samples could be a potential prognostic marker, useful for identifying cervical lesions with a high-risk of progression to cervical cancer.

  10. [The implications of cervical spine degenerative and traumatic diseases in the pathogenesis of cervical vertigo and hearing loss].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cobzeanu, M D; Rusu, Daniela; Moraru, R; Boboc, Andreea; Hănţăscu, I; Imbrea, Alice; Stratulat, S; Gheorghe, Liliana; Indrei, Anca

    2009-01-01

    Cervical spine together with vestibular system,visual system and proprioceptive afferents plays an important role in mentaining balance. Spine damage causes distortions in transmitting informations to the brain,favoring vertigo. The authors point out the occurrence of positional vertigo on 23 patients (20 patients with cervical spondylosis and 3 patients with cervical spine injury) due to blood flow disturbance through vertebral artery. The mechano-receptors located in intervertebral disks and cervical spine muscles are activated by column movement. Changes of blood flow in the vertebral and basilar arteries are showed up by cervical X-Rays, intracranial Doppler ultrasound or angio-MRI, an audiogram marking out the degree of hearing loss or tinnitus occurence. ENT complex treatment outcomes are analyzed and balneo-physio-therapy performed in order to improve vertigo and hearing loss. Stress beside muscle overload and cervical spine injures causes alteration in the ear blood-flow circulation that leads to hearing loss, vertigo and tinnitus. It emphasies the need for collaboration between balneologist and ENT specialist in solving balance and hearing disorders with cervicogenic cause.

  11. Cervical spine injuries in American football.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rihn, Jeffrey A; Anderson, David T; Lamb, Kathleen; Deluca, Peter F; Bata, Ahmed; Marchetto, Paul A; Neves, Nuno; Vaccaro, Alexander R

    2009-01-01

    American football is a high-energy contact sport that places players at risk for cervical spine injuries with potential neurological deficits. Advances in tackling and blocking techniques, rules of the game and medical care of the athlete have been made throughout the past few decades to minimize the risk of cervical injury and improve the management of injuries that do occur. Nonetheless, cervical spine injuries remain a serious concern in the game of American football. Injuries have a wide spectrum of severity. The relatively common 'stinger' is a neuropraxia of a cervical nerve root(s) or brachial plexus and represents a reversible peripheral nerve injury. Less common and more serious an injury, cervical cord neuropraxia is the clinical manifestation of neuropraxia of the cervical spinal cord due to hyperextension, hyperflexion or axial loading. Recent data on American football suggest that approximately 0.2 per 100,000 participants at the high school level and 2 per 100,000 participants at the collegiate level are diagnosed with cervical cord neuropraxia. Characterized by temporary pain, paraesthesias and/or motor weakness in more than one extremity, there is a rapid and complete resolution of symptoms and a normal physical examination within 10 minutes to 48 hours after the initial injury. Stenosis of the spinal canal, whether congenital or acquired, is thought to predispose the athlete to cervical cord neuropraxia. Although quite rare, catastrophic neurological injury is a devastating entity referring to permanent neurological injury or death. The mechanism is most often a forced hyperflexion injury, as occurs when 'spear tackling'. The mean incidence of catastrophic neurological injury over the past 30 years has been approximately 0.5 per 100,000 participants at high school level and 1.5 per 100,000 at the collegiate level. This incidence has decreased significantly when compared with the incidence in the early 1970s. This decrease in the incidence of

  12. Padrão de acometimento da coluna cervical na artrite reumatoide: seguimento de 6 anos Cuadro de afectación de la columna cervical en la artritis reumatoidea: seguimiento de 6 años Pattern of involvement of the cervical column in rheumatoid arthritis: a 6 year follow up

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Aurélio Felipe Arantes

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Foi avaliado o padrão de acometimento cervical em pacientes com diagnóstico de artrite reumatoide, correlacionando-se os achados de imagem com quadro neurológico, medicação utilizada, tempo de evolução da doença, idade de início da doença, exames laboratoriais e quadro clínico. MÉTODOS: Esse mesmo grupo de pacientes tinha sido estudado há 6 anos, e esses dados foram comparados para avaliar se houve piora do padrão de acometimento ao longo do tempo. Foram feitas radiografias simples da coluna cervical, nas incidências ântero-posterior, perfil neutro e dinâmico. A classificação de Ranawat foi utilizada para avaliar a sintomatologia dolorosa e o envolvimento neurológico. Foram utilizados os testes de regressão logística univariada (p OBJETIVOS: Fue evaluado el cuadrode afectación cervical en pacientes con diagnóstico de artritis reumatoidea, correlacionando los hallazgos de imagen con cuadro neurológico, medicación utilizada, tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad, edad del paciente alinicio de la enfermedad, exámenes de laboratorio y cuadro clínico. MÉTODOS: Ese mismo grupo de pacientes había sido estudiado 6 años antes, y esos datos recolectados fueron comparados para evaluar si hubo un empeoramiento del cuadrode afectacióna lo largo del tiempo. Se hicieron radiografías simples de la columna cervical, en las incidencias antero posterior, perfil neutro y dinámico. La clasificación de Ranawat fue utilizada para evaluar la sintomatología dolorosa y la involucración neurológica. Se utilizaron las pruebas de regresión logística univariada (pOBJECTIVE: The long-term pattern of cervical involvement in patients with a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis was investigated, correlating the imaging findings with neurological symptoms, medication used, duration of the disease, age of onset, laboratory tests and clinical picture. METHODS: This same group of patients had already been studied for some time, and

  13. Epidemiology and risk factors of cervical spine injury during heating season in the patients with cervical trauma: a cross-sectional study.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sidong Yang

    Full Text Available PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe the epidemiology of cervical spine injury in the patients with cervical trauma and analyze its associated risk factors during the special heating season in North China. METHODS: This cross-sectional study investigated predictors for cervical spine injury in cervical trauma patients using retrospectively collected data of Hebei Provincial Orthopaedic Hospital from 11/2011 to 02/2012, and 11/2012 to 02/2013. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to determine risk factors for cervical fractures/dislocations or cord injury. RESULTS: A total of 106 patients were admitted into this study. Of all, 34 patients (32.1% were treated from 11/2011 to 02/2012 and 72 patients (67.9% from 11/2012 to 02/2013. The mean age was 41.9±13.3 years old; 85 patients (80.2% were male and 82 (77.4% from rural areas. Eighty patients (75.5% were caused by fall including 45 (42.5% by severe fall (>2 m. Sixty-five patients (61.3% of all suffered injuries to other body regions and 32 (30.2% got head injury. Thirty-one patients (29.2% sustained cervical cord injury with cervical fractures/dislocations. Twenty-six (83.9% of cervical cord injury patients were from rural areas and 24 (77.4% of those resulted from fall including 15 (48.4% from severe fall (>2 m. Logistic regression displayed that age (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.05-2.07, head injury (OR, 5.63; 95% CI, 2.23-14.26, were risk factors for cervical cord injury and snowing (OR, 8.25; 95% CI, 2.26-30.15 was a risk factor for cervical spine injury due to severe fall (>2 m. CONCLUSIONS: The elder male patients and patients with head trauma are high-risk population for cervical cord injury. As a seasonal factor, snowing during heating season is of note a risk factor for cervical spine injury resulting from severe fall (>2 m in the patients with cervical trauma in North China.

  14. Aplicaciones terrestres de bajo volumen con abamectin y spinosad para el control químico del minador de los cítricos en limoneros Abamectin and spinosad low volume applications to control citrus leafminer on lemon trees

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hernán Salas

    2008-07-01

    Full Text Available El minador de los cítricos, Phyllocnistis citrella, produce daños directos al afectar los brotes nuevos de las plantas jóvenes, e indirectos al permitir la entrada de la bacteria responsable de la cancrosis de los cítricos, a través de las heridas que producen las larvas en las hojas. Este daño indirecto motivó a los productores citrícolas a controlar las poblaciones del minador también en plantas adultas. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el control de P. citrella mediante aplicaciones con bajo volumen de abamectin y spinosad, combinados con aceite mineral emulsionable. Las aplicaciones de bajo volumen se hicieron durante tres campañas consecutivas sobre plantas de limonero de siete años de edad al momento de iniciar las experiencias, usando 2 l de caldo formulado por planta. Los tratamientos evaluados fueron: abamectin (1,8 g i.a./ha, spinosad (24 g i.a./ha, ambos combinados con aceite mineral, y un testigo sin tratar. Se hicieron dos aplicaciones por campaña cada 15 días. Se extrajeron muestras semanalmente para evaluar el porcentaje de hojas con larvas vivas. Al final de la experiencia se estimó el daño foliar en brotes previamente marcados. Tanto abamectin como spinosad controlaron la plaga durante 14 días y el porcentaje de área foliar dañada fue menor a 3,5%. El control obtenido con ambos tratamientos, nos permite disponer de dos opciones de activos para el control del minador con el fin de rotar los productos y evitar posibles problemas de resistencia.The citrus leafminer, Phyllocnistis citrella, produces direct damages affecting new flushes of young trees, and indirect ones, since the wounds produced on the leaves by the leafminer represent an entry way for the bacterium responsible for citrus canker. This indirect damage has motivated citrus farmers to control leafminer on adult trees. The aim of this work was to evaluate leafminer control using low volume applications of abamectin and spinosad with mineral

  15. Biomechanics of coupled motion in the cervical spine during simulated whiplash in patients with pre-existing cervical or lumbar spinal fusion

    Science.gov (United States)

    Huang, H.; Nightingale, R. W.

    2018-01-01

    Objectives Loss of motion following spine segment fusion results in increased strain in the adjacent motion segments. However, to date, studies on the biomechanics of the cervical spine have not assessed the role of coupled motions in the lumbar spine. Accordingly, we investigated the biomechanics of the cervical spine following cervical fusion and lumbar fusion during simulated whiplash using a whole-human finite element (FE) model to simulate coupled motions of the spine. Methods A previously validated FE model of the human body in the driver-occupant position was used to investigate cervical hyperextension injury. The cervical spine was subjected to simulated whiplash exposure in accordance with Euro NCAP (the European New Car Assessment Programme) testing using the whole human FE model. The coupled motions between the cervical spine and lumbar spine were assessed by evaluating the biomechanical effects of simulated cervical fusion and lumbar fusion. Results Peak anterior longitudinal ligament (ALL) strain ranged from 0.106 to 0.382 in a normal spine, and from 0.116 to 0.399 in a fused cervical spine. Strain increased from cranial to caudal levels. The mean strain increase in the motion segment immediately adjacent to the site of fusion from C2-C3 through C5-C6 was 26.1% and 50.8% following single- and two-level cervical fusion, respectively (p = 0.03, unpaired two-way t-test). Peak cervical strains following various lumbar-fusion procedures were 1.0% less than those seen in a healthy spine (p = 0.61, two-way ANOVA). Conclusion Cervical arthrodesis increases peak ALL strain in the adjacent motion segments. C3-4 experiences greater changes in strain than C6-7. Lumbar fusion did not have a significant effect on cervical spine strain. Cite this article: H. Huang, R. W. Nightingale, A. B. C. Dang. Biomechanics of coupled motion in the cervical spine during simulated whiplash in patients with pre-existing cervical or lumbar spinal fusion: A Finite Element Study. Bone

  16. Cervical motion testing: methodology and clinical implications.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Prushansky, Tamara; Dvir, Zeevi

    2008-09-01

    Measurement of cervical motion (CM) is probably the most commonly applied functional outcome measure in assessing the status of patients with cervical pathology. In general terms, CM refers to motion of the head relative to the trunk as well as conjunct motions within the cervical spine. Multiple techniques and instruments have been used for assessing CM. These were associated with a wide variety of parameters relating to accuracy, reproducibility, and validity. Modern measurement systems enable recording, processing, and documentation of CM with a high degree of precision. Cervical motion measures provide substantial information regarding the severity of motion limitation and level of effort in cervically involved patients. They may also be used for following up performance during and after conservative or invasive interventions.

  17. Cervical length screening for prevention of preterm birth in singleton pregnancy with threatened preterm labor: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials using individual patient-level data.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Berghella, V; Palacio, M; Ness, A; Alfirevic, Z; Nicolaides, K H; Saccone, G

    2017-03-01

    Cervical length screening by transvaginal sonography (TVS) has been shown to be a good predictive test for spontaneous preterm birth (PTB) in symptomatic singleton pregnancy with threatened preterm labor (PTL). The aim of this review and meta-analysis of individual participant data was to evaluate the effect of knowledge of the TVS cervical length (CL) in preventing PTB in singleton pregnancies presenting with threatened PTL. We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register and the Cochrane Complementary Medicine Field's Trials Register (May 2016) and reference lists of retrieved studies. Selection criteria included randomized controlled trials of singleton gestations with threatened PTL randomized to management based mainly on CL screening (intervention group), or CL screening with no knowledge of results or no CL screening (control group). Participants included women with singleton gestations at 23 + 0 to 36 + 6 weeks with threatened PTL. We contacted corresponding authors of included trials to request access to the data and perform a meta-analysis of individual participant data. Data provided by the investigators were merged into a master database constructed specifically for the review. The primary outcome was PTB DE PARTO PREMATURO: REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA Y METAANÁLISIS DE ENSAYOS CONTROLADOS ALEATORIZADOS HACIENDO USO DE LOS DATOS INDIVIDUALES DE LAS PACIENTES: RESUMEN OBJETIVO: El cribado mediante la longitud cervical obtenida con ecografía transvaginal (ETV) ha demostrado ser una buena prueba para la predicción del parto pretérmino espontáneo (PPTE) en embarazos con feto único sintomáticos debido a la amenaza de parto pretérmino (PPT). El objetivo de esta revisión y metaanálisis de los datos de participantes individuales fue evaluar el efecto de medir la longitud cervical (LC) mediante ETV con el fin de prevenir el parto prematuro en embarazos únicos con amenaza de PPT. MÉTODOS: Se realizaron búsquedas en los ficheros

  18. Estimación de la prevalencia del trastorno por déficit de atención con o sin hiperactividad (TDAH en población escolar de la Comunidad Autónoma de Canarias

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan E. Jiménez

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available Este estudio ha tenido por finalidad determinar la prevalencia del Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con o sin Hiperactividad (TDAH en la Comunidad Autónoma de Canarias, en la población de 6 a 12 años. Para ello, el muestreo utilizado fue polietápico estratificado y proporcional por conglomerados. Los estratos fueron el tipo de colegio, la y el nivel educativo, y los conglomerados fueron los colegios. A partir de una muestra de estudio de 118.467 alumnos escolarizados en centros ordinarios, se obtuvo una muestra al azar de 2.395 alumnos. Se utilizaron las escalas Attention-Deficit/Hiperactivity Disorder Rating Scales IV (ADHD RS-IV modificadas para padres y maestros. Se encontró una tasa global de prevalencia del 4.9%, de los cuales el 3.1% fueron del subtipo inatento, el 1.1% hiperactivo, y el 0.7% combinado. Solo se encontraron diferencias significativas en función del sexo, donde la incidencia fue superior en varones. Las implicaciones educativas y socio sanitarias de los hallazgos encontrados nos sugieren la importancia de llevar a cabo una identificación, diagnóstico y tratamiento temprano, lo que ayudará a que los niños identificados con TDAH puedan desarrollar todo su potencial, y con ello una reducción importante del gasto público.

  19. Relación entre adherencia al tratamiento antirretroviral y subpoblaciones linfocitarias en niños con HIV/Sida

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    Jeannette Balbaryski

    2013-08-01

    Full Text Available El curso de la infección por HIV se caracteriza principalmente por una depleción grave de los linfocitos TCD4+ y una activación inmune marcada, hallazgos centrales que conducen a variaciones numéricas y fenotípicas de las poblaciones linfocitarias TCD4+. El tratamiento antirretroviral (TARV combinado ha modificado sustancialmente el curso de la infección por HIV, y la correcta adherencia al mismo resulta en una disminución de la carga viral a niveles indetectables, y a un incremento significativo en la repoblación de los linfocitos T periféricos. En este trabajo se evaluó en 28 niños HIV (+ la relación entre los cambios en los niveles de las poblaciones linfocitarias y la adherencia al TARV, luego de 9 meses en promedio de iniciado el mismo. El grupo de 18 niños con buena adherencia, superior al 95%, presentó un aumento significativo en los porcentajes de células naive CD4+CD45RA+CD62L+ y un descenso en las células de memoria central CD4+CD45RA-CD62L+, entre ambos momentos del seguimiento. Por el contrario, los 10 niños con fallas en la adherencia no mostraron diferencias significativas en los niveles de tales poblaciones. La buena adherencia al TARV produce el rápido y significativo descenso de la replicación viral lo cual se asocia a la progresiva reconstitución cuantitativa y funcional del sistema inmune.

  20. Human papilloma virus infection and cervical dysplasia.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Melinte-Popescu, Alina; Costăchescu, Gh

    2012-01-01

    Pap testing is considered to be the best screening tool for cervical cancer but there is currently great interest in the possible application of human papilloma virus (HPV) testing to supplement Pap screening for cervical cancer. To determine the prevalence of high-risk HPV types in the studied population and to explore the association between high-risk HPV types and cervical dysplasia. Cross-sectional study conducted at the Iasi Cuza Voda Obstetrics-Gynecology Hospital and Suceava County Hospital. 332 women who underwent colposcopy for cervical lesions between 2006 and 2011 were included in this study. The overall prevalence of HPV was 57.23%. HPV prevalence differs significantly in the three age groups up to 50 years. It was highest in patients below the age of 40 and progressively lower with advancing age. The overall prevalence of cervical dysplasia was 56.62%. The prevalence of cervical dysplasia was highest in the age groups up to 40 years. The most important determinant of HPV infection is age. Persistence of HPV appears to be associated with progression to squamous intraepithelial lesion. Dysplasia is often missed in a cervical sample either because of human error in screening and interpretation, or because of suboptimal quality of Pap smear. Incorporation of HPV testing into the present Pap screening program has the potential of making screening for cervical cancer more effective, and a necessary prelude to assessing this is by determining the prevalence of the high-risk types.

  1. Eficacia ante el dolor y la discapacidad cervical de un programa de fisioterapia individual frente a uno colectivo en la cervicalgia mecánica aguda y subaguda

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leonardo Gregorio Antúnez Sánchez

    2017-08-01

    Conclusiones: Los pacientes con cervicalgia mecánica en estado agudo o subagudo experimentan una mejora estadísticamente significativa del dolor y de la discapacidad cervical tras recibir ambas modalidades de tratamiento de fisioterapia empleadas en nuestro estudio, mostrándose la modalidad de tratamiento individual más eficaz que la colectiva.

  2. Informative value of radiological findings recorded from cervical spine with reference to clinical symptoms in patients with cervical syndrome

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Loreck, D.; Kuehn, A.; Conradi, E.

    1991-01-01

    Static X-rays recorded at two planes from the cervical spine of 286 patients were evaluated and were compared to findings obtained from 50 probands without complaints. The patients complained about problems relating to vertebrogenic pain syndrome of the cervical spine, including vertigo of cervical origin. They were grouped by four sets of clinical symptoms (cephalgia, vertigo, locally delimited complaints and cervicobrachial syndrome). No statistically significant differences were found to exist among the groups of probands with regard to radiographic morphology, static condition nor impairment of relations. Particular reference is made in this paper to reversible function disorders and their major role among the multifactorial causes of the cervical syndrome. Indications are derived from these observations for primary X-ray examination of the cervical spine. (orig.) [de

  3. Cervical cancer screening in Greenland, 1997-2011

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Holst, Signe; Wohlfahrt, Jan; Kjær, Susanne Krüger

    2016-01-01

    of the screening program and to examine possible changes in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN3) incidence in Greenland during 1997-2011 according to calendar period and age. METHODS: Using nationwide registries, we calculated age-standardized incidence rates for all women born and living in Greenland......OBJECTIVE: In spite of the high incidence of cervical cancer in Greenland, no assessment has been made of the impact of organized cervical screening, introduced in 1998, in relation to occurrence of high-grade cervical lesions. The objectives of the present study were to estimate coverage...

  4. EXAMINATION RESULTS OF CHILDREN WITH CERVICAL SYNDROME

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    N. H. Bakhteeva

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available By the example of examination of 80 children aged from 4 to 18 with cervical syndrome it is indicated, that the diagnosed abnormalities of hemodynamics in vertebrobasilar basin in patients of all age groups are connected both with bone and vascular pathology of the cervical part of the spine. The pathology has functional or congenital character. Early detection of discicirculatory vascular injuries in the cervical part of the spine in children with cervical syndrome will allow to define the therapeutic management of patients and to prolong juvenile osteochondrosis clinical behaviour.

  5. Outcome of Cloward technique in cervical disc prolapse.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rehman, Lal; Qayoom Khan, Hina Abdul; Hashim, A Sattar M

    2010-11-01

    To determine the association of pre-operative assessment of MRI findings, neurological status and symptoms with postoperative Cloward surgical outcome in cervical disc prolapse. Descriptive study. The Neurosurgery Department of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC), Karachi, from May 2008 to May 2009. Patients presenting with neck pain, brachialgia, limb weakness and spasticity were clinically examined for pre-operative neurological status of power, reflexes and sensation. The exclusion criteria were, cervical disc prolapsed patients, planned for smith-Robinson and micro-discectomy, traumatic cervical disc prolapse and cervical spondylosis. Neuroradiological investigations included cervical spine X-rays and MRI. All patients were surgically treated for cervical prolapsed intervertebral disc with anterior cervical discectomy and interbody fusion with Cloward technique. Postoperative neck immobilization was done with cervical collar for 7-8 weeks. Drain was removed on first postoperative day while check plain cervical X-rays were taken on third day. Results were analysed using chi-square test with significance at p cervical disc prolapse were C 5-6 (43.3%) and C 6-7 (23.3%); 26 (86.6%) patients had disc herniation causing thecal effacement with cord compression and 04 (13.3%) patients showed ischemia of cord. Single-level Cloward surgery done in 26 (86.3%) patients while two-level Cloward surgery performed in 04 (13.3%) only. About 83.3% patients improved and 13.3% did not while 01 patient was re-operated. No complications and mortality was related to the surgical procedure. Statistically different variables identified, related to outcome were pre-operative neurological status (p=0.001) and spinal cord involvement on MRI (p=0.001). Cloward technique for cervical disc prolase was simple and safe surgical procedure with favourable results and few complications; 100% fusion occurred after Cloward surgery, even without instrumentation. Outcome was significantly

  6. Cervical disc hernia operations through posterior laminoforaminotomy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Coskun Yolas

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Objective: The most common used technique for posterolateral cervical disc herniations is anterior approach. However, posterior cervical laminotoforaminomy can provide excellent results in appropriately selected patients with foraminal stenosis in either soft disc prolapse or cervical spondylosis. The purpose of this study was to present the clinical outcomes following posterior laminoforaminotomy in patients with radiculopathy. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 35 patients diagnosed with posterolateral cervical disc herniation and cervical spondylosis with foraminal stenosis causing radiculopathy operated by the posterior cervical keyhole laminoforaminotomy between the years 2010 and 2015. Results: The file records and the radiographic images of the 35 patients were assessed retrospectively. The mean age was 46.4 years (range: 34-66 years. Of the patients, 19 were males and 16 were females. In all of the patients, the neurologic deficit observed was radiculopathy. The posterolaterally localized disc herniations and the osteophytic structures were on the left side in 18 cases and on the right in 17 cases. In 10 of the patients, the disc level was at C5-6, in 18 at C6-7, in 2 at C3-4, in 2 at C4-5, in 1 at C7-T1, in 1 patient at both C5-6 and C6-7, and in 1 at both C4-5 and C5-6. In 14 of these 35 patients, both osteophytic structures and protruded disc herniation were present. Intervertebral foramen stenosis was present in all of the patients with osteophytes. Postoperatively, in 31 patients the complaints were relieved completely and four patients had complaints of neck pain and paresthesia radiating to the arm (the success of operation was 88.5%. On control examinations, there was no finding of instability or cervical kyphosis. Conclusion: Posterior cervical laminoforaminotomy is an alternative appropriate choice in both cervical soft disc herniations and cervical stenosis.

  7. Cervical Stenosis, Myelopathy and Radiculopathy

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... and rarely changes in bowel or bladder control. Cervical radiculopathy will manifest itself as pain traveling from the neck into a specific region ... physician feels that this is related to your cervical spine. If you have persistent pain, numbness or weakness in one of your arms ...

  8. What is the superior surgical strategy for bi-level cervical spondylosis-anterior cervical disc replacement or anterior cervical decompression and fusion?: A meta-analysis from 11 studies.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhao, He; Duan, Li-Jun; Gao, Yu-Shan; Yang, Yong-Dong; Tang, Xiang-Sheng; Zhao, Ding-Yan; Xiong, Yang; Hu, Zhen-Guo; Li, Chuan-Hong; Yu, Xing

    2018-03-01

    Nowadays, anterior cervical artificial disc replacement (ACDR) has achieved favorable outcomes in treatment for patients with single-level cervical spondylosis. However, It is still controversial that whether or not it will become a potent therapeutic alternation in treating 2 contiguous levels cervical spondylosis compared with anterior cervical decompression and fusion (ACDF). Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of ACDR and ACDF in patients with 2 contiguous levels cervical spondylosis. According to the computer-based online search, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library for articles published before July 1, 2017 were searched. The following outcome measures were extracted: neck disability index (NDI), visual analog scale (VAS) neck, VAS arm, Short Form (SF)-12 mental component summary (MCS), SF-12 physical component summary (PCS), overall clinical success (OCS), patient satisfaction (PS), device-related adverse event (DRAE), subsequent surgical intervention (SSI), neurological deterioration (ND), and adjacent segment degeneration (ASD). Methodological quality was evaluated independently by 2 reviewers using the Furlan for randomized controlled trial (RCT) and MINORS scale for clinical controlled trials (CCT). The chi-squared test and Higgin I test were used to evaluate the heterogeneity. A P bi-level cervical spondylosis, ACDR appears to provide superior clinical effectiveness and safety effects than ACDF. In the future, more high-quality RCTs are warranted to enhance this conclusion.

  9. Neoplasia Intraepitelial Cervical grado II y III: Estudio morfométrico de sus diferencias y relación con el Virus del Papiloma Humano

    OpenAIRE

    Carrasco García, Miguel Ángel

    2010-01-01

    El propòsit del nostre treball és valorar morfomètricament les diferències existents entre la Neoplàsia Intraepitelial Cervical (CIN) grau 2 i 3, així com el tipus de Virus del Papil·loma Humà (VPH) present, estudiat mitjançant Hibridació in situ.Hem estudiat 66 peces quirúrgiques d'exèresi del coll uterí de pacients amb diagnòstic histològic de CIN 2 i 82 de CIN 3. Hem demostrat amb el nostre estudi que la superfície afectada en el coll cervical per CIN 3 és significativament més gran que la...

  10. Emergency Cervical Cerclage: A Case Series

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Arzu Doruk

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of the emergency cervical cerclage on the duration of pregnancy in the patient with cervical insufficiency METHOD: Thirteen pregnant women between 22-28 th gestational age treated with emergency cerclage were included in the study. Mc Donald technic was perfomed to in all patients. RESULTS: Among the patients,7 women were delivered between 25-32th weeks, and 4 patients were followed beyond the 34th week. CONCLUSION: Ultrasonographic screening to determine cervical insufficiency among the patient in the risk group should be done at 14-20th weeks for the first time. Emergency cerclage can be considered in patient without contractions or chorioamnionitis, if there is any evidence of cervical dilatation at pelvic examination.

  11. Economic burden of cervical cancer in Malaysia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sharifa E.W. Puteh

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available Cervical cancers form the second highest number of female cancers in Malaysia, imposing a substantial amount of cost burden on its management. However, an estimation of cost burden of abnormal smears, cervical pre-invasive and invasive diseases needs to be done to show how much spending has been allocated to the problem. An expert panel committee came up with the clinical pathway and management algorithm of  cervical pre invasive and invasive diseases from July-December 2006 Malaysia. An activity based costing for each clinical pathway was done. Results were converted to USD. The cost of managing pre-invasive cervical cancers stage is USD 420,150 (Range: USD 197,158-879,679. Management of invasive cancer (new cases costs USD 51,533,233.44 (Range: USD 32,405,399.69 - USD 129,014,768.40. The cost of managing existing cases is USD 17,005,966.87 (Range: USD 10,693,781.90 - USD  28,901,587.12. The total cost of managing cervical cancers by health care providers in a public setting is around USD 75,888,329.45 (Range: USD 48,083,804.60 - USD 48,083,804.60. The outcome of this study has shown that preventive modalities such as screening have only contributed to 10.3 % of the total management cost of cervical cancer. The major cost contribution (67% came from treatment of invasive cancer especially at more advanced stages of cancer, followed by treatment of existing cases (22% and lastly on pre-invasive disease (0.6%. This study revealed that proportion of preventive modality in this country was still low, and the major cost came from actual treatment cost of cervical cancer. Therefore, heightened public cervical cancer screening in the country is needed. (Med J Indones 2008; 17: 272-80Keywords: cervical cancers, pre invasive disease, HPV vaccination

  12. Detection of human papillomavirus by hybrid capture and real time PCR methods in patients with chronic cervicitis and cervical intraepithelial

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elisha Khandker

    2016-07-01

    Full Text Available Background and objectives:Cervical cancer due to Human papillomavirus (HPV is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in women. Testing of HPV can identify women who are at risk of cervical cancer. Nowadays, molecular methods like real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR and hybrid capture technique are applied for detecting HPV in cervical specimens. The objective of the present study was to determine the rate of HPV infection in women with chronic cervicitis and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN by a commercial real time polymerase chain reaction test kit and by a hybrid capture HPV DNA test. Methods:Women aged between 20 to 55 years with chronic cervicitis and CIN were enrolled in the study after obtaining informed consent. Cervical specimen was collected by using cervical brush and stored in transport medium until used. HPV was detected by High Risk Screen Real-TM Quant 2x (Sacace, Biotechnologies SrI, Italy real time PCR kit (HR RT-PCR and by Hybrid Capture-2 High-Risk HPV DNA (Hc-2; Digene Corporation, USA test. Results: Total 72 women with chronic cervicitis and CIN of different grades were included in the study. Out of this, HPV infection detected by HR RT-PCR was 31 (43% and by Hc-2 was 14 (19.4%. Both the tests were able to detect HPV infection in all the CIN 3 cases and in most of the CIN 2 cases. However, HR RT-PCR detected higher number of HPV in chronic cervicitis and CIN1 cases. Conclusion:The study has shown that HR RT-PCR and Hc-2 tests are equally effective in detecting HPV infection in patients with CIN 2 and CIN 3 lesions. However, HR RT-PCR is more sensitive test for detecting HPV in chronic cervicitis and early CIN lesions and, therefore can be used in epidemiological study to detect presence of HPV in general population. IMC J Med Sci 2016; 10(2: 45-48

  13. Issues in cervical cancer incidence and treatment in HIV.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Einstein, Mark H; Phaëton, Rébécca

    2010-09-01

    Cervical disease burden continues to be especially high in HIV-infected women, even in the era of effective antiretroviral medications. This review discusses the multiple issues surrounding HIV-associated cervical cancer. Also, the unique treatment-related issues in HIV-associated cervical cancer are addressed. The incidence of invasive cervical cancer has remained stable in industrialized nations; however, it is only estimated in developing countries secondary to a relative lack of data collection and registries. Trends in HIV-associated cervical cancer have changed in the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) era. Recent molecular pathways suggest that the natural progression of human papillomavirus infection, the causal agent in all cervical cancers, may be related to immune system dysfunction as well as HIV/human papillomavirus synergistic mechanisms. When highly active retroviral therapies are used, invasive cervical cancer treatments are impacted by concomitant drug toxicities that could potentially limit therapeutic benefit of either HAART or the standard of care treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer, concomitant chemoradiotherapy. The significance and care of the patient with invasive cervical cancer is becoming a geographically relevant phenomenon such that it may be time to re-address the global definition. Further studies in treatment issues and drug-drug interactions with cervical cancer treatments in the setting of HIV are paramount.

  14. Cervical collagen is reduced in non-pregnant women with a history of cervical insufficiency and a short cervix.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sundtoft, Iben; Langhoff-Roos, Jens; Sandager, Puk; Sommer, Steffen; Uldbjerg, Niels

    2017-08-01

    Preterm cervical shortening and cervical insufficiency may be caused by a constitutional weakness of the cervix. The aim of this study was to assess the cervical collagen concentration in non-pregnant women with a history of cervical insufficiency or of a short cervix in the second trimester of pregnancy. In this case-control study we included non-pregnant women one year or more after pregnancy: 55 controls with a history of normal delivery; 27 women with a history of cervical insufficiency; and 10 women with a history of a short cervix (cervix (>95th percentile) at gestational weeks 18-20. We obtained biopsies (3 × 3-4 mm) from the ectocervix and determined the collagen concentration by measuring the hydroxyproline concentration. Women with cervical insufficiency had lower collagen concentrations (63.5 ± 5.1%; mean ± SD) compared with controls (68.2 ± 5.4%; p = 0.0004); area under the ROC curve 0.73 (95% CI 0.62-0.84). A cut-off value at 67.6% collagen resulted in a positive likelihood ratio of 3.2, a sensitivity of 60%, and a specificity of 81%. Also, women with a short cervix in the second trimester had lower collagen concentrations in a non-pregnant state (62.1% ± 4.9%) compared with women with a long cervix (67.8% ± 5.0%; p = 0.02). Both cervical insufficiency and a short cervix in the second trimester of pregnancy are associated with low cervical collagen concentrations in a non-pregnant state more than one year after pregnancy. © 2017 Nordic Federation of Societies of Obstetrics and Gynecology.

  15. Contribución al tratamiento psicológico y farmacológico en el TDAH: su relevancia neuropsicológica

    OpenAIRE

    Russo Prada, Ana Raquel

    2016-01-01

    [ES] Este estudio se realizó en una muestra constituida por 38 niños con Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad (TDAH), combinado e inatento, y trastornos comórbidos añadidos, con una media de 8.61± 1.50 años. También han participado 26 padres y 38 madres, con una media, respectivamente, de 43.19± 6.55 y de 38.47± 6.55 años. Tomándose como objetivos determinar la eficacia de los tratamientos e, identificar las variables predictoras de la respuesta terapéutica, se evaluaron a los...

  16. Cervical cancer incidence and mortality in Fiji 2003-2009.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kuehn, Rebecca; Fong, James; Taylor, Richard; Gyaneshwar, Rajanishwar; Carter, Karen

    2012-08-01

    Previous studies indicate that cervical cancer is the second most frequent cancer and most common cause of cancer mortality among women in Fiji. There is little published data on the epidemiology of cervical cancer in Pacific countries. To determine the incidence 2003-2009 of, and mortality 2003-2008 from, cervical cancer by ethnicity and period in Fiji, identify evidence of secular change and relate these data to other Pacific countries, Australia and New Zealand. Counts of incident cervical cancer cases (2003-2009) and unit record mortality data (2003-2008) from the Fiji Ministry of Health were used to calculate age-standardised (to the WHO World Population) cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates, and cervical or uterine cancer mortality rates, by ethnicity, with 95% confidence intervals. On the basis of comparison of cervical cancer mortality with cervical or uterine cancer mortality in Fiji with similar populations, misclassification of cervical cancer deaths is unlikely. There is no evidence of secular change in cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates for the study period. For women of all ages and ethnicities, the age-standardised incidence rate of cervical cancer (2003-2009) was 27.6 per 100,000 (95% CI 25.4-29.8) and the age-standardised mortality rate (2003-2008) was 23.9 per 100,000 (95% CI 21.5-26.4). The mortality/incidence ratio was 87%. Fijians had statistically significant higher age-standardised incidence and mortality rates than Indians. Fiji has one of the highest estimated rates of cervical cancer incidence and mortality in the Pacific region. Cervical cancer screening in Fiji needs to be expanded and strengthened. © 2012 The Authors ANZJOG © 2012 The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists.

  17. Comparative Effectiveness of Different Types of Cervical Laminoplasty

    OpenAIRE

    Heller, John G.; Raich, Annie L.; Dettori, Joseph R.; Riew, K. Daniel

    2013-01-01

    Study Design Systematic review. Study Rationale Numerous cervical laminoplasty techniques have been described but there are few studies that have compared these to determine the superiority of one over another. Clinical Questions The clinical questions include key question (KQ)1: In adults with cervical myelopathy from ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) or spondylosis, what is the comparative effectiveness of open door cervical laminoplasty versus French door cervical ...

  18. Preliminary and intermediate follow-up outcomes for cervical disc replacement in the treatment of cervical spondylopathy in 12 cases

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Qian Zhonglai; Yang Huilin; Jiang Weimin; Li Xigong; Li Xuefeng; Tang Tiansi

    2010-01-01

    Objective: To observe the short and intermediate-term clinical outcomes of porous coated motion (PCM) cervical prosthesis in the treatment of cervical spondylosis. Methods: The 12 (13 levels) patients who were suffered spondylotic myelopathy with PCM cervical prosthesis were treated. Evaluate the clinical outcome by comparing the JOA scores, the position of prosthesis,rotation of motion, the heterotopic ossification and Odom's scales. Results: After the average 6.5 months(3 ∼ 12 months) follow-up, the JOA scales raised from 8.35 ± 1.10 preoperatively to 15.88 ± 0.73 postoperatively (P 0.05). There was no occurrence of failures of prosthesis such as subsidence, loosening, or excursion. Heterotopic ossification was also absent. Conclusion: The clinical outcomes for cervical disc replacement in the treatment of cervical spondylopathy are satisfied. (authors)

  19. Prevalence of micronuclei in exfoliated uterine cervical cells from patients with risk factors for cervical cancer

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    Lízia Maria Franco dos Reis Campos

    Full Text Available CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Pap smears are the most common and inexpensive screening method for cervical cancer. We analyzed micronucleus prevalence in exfoliated cervical mucosa cells, to investigate associations between increased numbers of micronuclei and risk factors for cervical cancer. DESIGN AND SETTING: Analytical cross-sectional study, at Instituto de Pesquisa em Oncologia (IPON. METHODS: Exfoliated cervical cells were obtained from 101 patients between September 2004 and November 2005. Patients' ages, habits (passive or active smoking, alcoholism and numbers of sexual partners, age at first sexual intercourse, contraceptive methods used, histories of sexually transmitted diseases, use of hormone replacement therapy, numbers of pregnancies and abortions, inflammatory cytology and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN were obtained. Cells were collected using Ayre spatulas, transferred to vials containing 0.9% saline solution for micronucleus tests and analyzed at 1000x magnification. The number of micronuclei in 1,000 epithelial cells per patient sample was counted. RESULTS: Comparisons between groups with active (7.9 ± 7.8 and passive (7.2 ± 10.6 smoking versus no smoking (3.7 ± 5.1; with/without alcoholism (7.8 ± 1.4 and 6.9 ± 10.1; with/without inflammatory cytology (10.7 ± 10.5 and 1.3 ± 1.7; and with CIN I, II and III and no CIN (respectively 4.3 ± 4.3, 10.6 ± 5.3, 22.7 ± 11.9 and 1.3 ± 1.4 found elevated micronucleus prevalence (P < 0.05. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that the prevalence of micronuclei in exfoliated uterine cervical cells was greater in patients with one or more risk factors for uterine cervical cancer than in patients without risk factors.

  20. Intra-operative computer navigation guided cervical pedicle screw insertion in thirty-three complex cervical spine deformities

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    S Rajasekaran

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Background: Cervical pedicle screw fixation is challenging due to the small osseous morphometrics and the close proximity of neurovascular elements. Computer navigation has been reported to improve the accuracy of pedicle screw placement. There are very few studies assessing its efficacy in the presence of deformity. Also cervical pedicle screw insertion in children has not been described before. We evaluated the safety and accuracy of Iso-C 3D-navigated pedicle screws in the deformed cervical spine. Materials and Methods: Thirty-three patients including 15 children formed the study group. One hundred and forty-five cervical pedicle screws were inserted using Iso-C 3D-based computer navigation in patients undergoing cervical spine stabilization for craniovertebral junction anomalies, cervico-thoracic deformities and cervical instabilities due to trauma, post-surgery and degenerative disorders. The accuracy and containment of screw placement was assessed from postoperative computerized tomography scans. Results: One hundred and thirty (89.7% screws were well contained inside the pedicles. Nine (6.1% Type A and six (4.2% Type B pedicle breaches were observed. In 136 levels, the screws were inserted in the classical description of pedicle screw application and in nine deformed vertebra, the screws were inserted in a non-classical fashion, taking purchase of the best bone stock. None of them had a critical breach. No patient had any neurovascular complications. Conclusion: Iso-C navigation improves the safety and accuracy of pedicle screw insertion and is not only successful in achieving secure pedicle fixation but also in identifying the best available bone stock for three-column bone fixation in altered anatomy. The advantages conferred by cervical pedicle screws can be extended to the pediatric population also.

  1. A study of radiation therapy for the cervical stump cancer

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ohkawa, Reiko; Arai, Tatsuo; Morita, Shinroku; Takamizawa, Hirokichi.

    1979-01-01

    During a period of 17 years, between 1961 and 1977, 59 cases of the cervical stump cancer were treated at NIRS Hospital. We could not epidemically find the difference between the cervical stump cancer and the cervical cancer. 5-year survival rate of cervical stump cancer was 90% in stage I, 86% in stage II, and 63% in stage III, respectively. These results show higher 5-year survival rates, compared with those of cervical cancer. The frequencies of radiation complication in rectum and bladder were lower in the case of cervical stump cancer than in cervical cancer. It was suggested that the optimal radiation dose for cervical stump cancer was 80 - 90 TDF at point A. (author)

  2. Costs Associated with Cervical Cancer Screening

    Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

    Dr. Tom Cox, a practicing gynecologist and president of the American Society of Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology, provides a brief introduction to cervical cancer screening guidelines and human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing.

  3. Screening for Cervical Cancer: Experience from a University ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    KEY WORDS: Cervical cancer, cervical cytology, north-west Nigeria. Access this article .... involving a larger sample size will give better picture about the prevalent of ... Ridsdale LL. Cervical screening in general practice: Call and recall. J R.

  4. Cervical cerclage placement decreases local levels of proinflammatory cytokines in patients with cervical insufficiency.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Monsanto, Stephany P; Daher, Silvia; Ono, Erika; Pendeloski, Karen Priscilla Tezotto; Trainá, Évelyn; Mattar, Rosiane; Tayade, Chandrakant

    2017-10-01

    Cervical insufficiency is characterized by premature, progressive dilation and shortening of the cervix during pregnancy. If left unattended, this can lead to the prolapse and rupture of the amniotic membrane, which usually results in midtrimester pregnancy loss or preterm birth. Previous studies have shown that proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and tumor necrosis factor alpha are up-regulated in normal parturition but are also associated with preterm birth. Studies evaluating such markers in patients with cervical insufficiency have evaluated only their diagnostic potential. Even fewer studies have studied them within the context of cerclage surgery. The objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of local and systemic inflammatory markers on the pathogenesis of cervical insufficiency and the effect of cerclage surgery on the local immune microenvironment of women with cervical insufficiency. We recruited 28 pregnant women (12-20 weeks' gestation) diagnosed with insufficiency and referred for cerclage surgery and 19 gestational age-matched normal pregnant women as controls. Serum and cervicovaginal fluid samples were collected before and after cerclage surgery and during a routine checkup for normal women and analyzed using a targeted 13-plex proinflammatory cytokine assay. Before surgery, patients with cervical insufficiency had higher levels of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, interleukin-12, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and tumor necrosis factor alpha in cervicovaginal fluid compared to controls, but after surgery, these differences disappeared. No differences were found in serum of insufficiency versus control women. In patients with insufficiency, the levels of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and interferon gamma in cervicovaginal fluid declined significantly after cerclage compared with before intervention, but these changes were not detected in serum

  5. Professional responsibility in relation to cervical spine manipulation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Refshauge, Kathryn M; Parry, Sharon; Shirley, Debra; Larsen, Dale; Rivett, Darren A; Boland, Rob

    2002-01-01

    Manipulation of the cervical spine is one of the few potentially life-threatening procedures performed by physiotherapists. Is it worth the risk? A comparison of risks versus benefits indicates that at present, the risks of cervical manipulation outweigh the benefits: manipulation has yet to be shown to be more effective for neck pain and headache than other interventions such as mobilisation, whereas the risks, although infrequent, are serious. This analysis is of particular concern because the conditions for which manipulation is indicated are benign and usually self-limiting. Because physiotherapists have legal and ethical obligations to the community to avoid foreseeable harm and provide optimum care, it may be prudent to determine who in our profession should perform cervical manipulation. That is, the profession could restrict the practice of cervical spine manipulation. Although all registered physiotherapists in Australia are entitled to perform cervical manipulation, few choose to use this intervention. Therefore, it might be feasible to encourage those practitioners who wish to use cervical manipulation to undertake formal education programs. Such a requirement could be embodied in a code of practice that discourages those without formal training from performing cervical manipulation. By taking such measures, we could ensure that our profession exercises wisdom in its monitoring and use of cervical manipulation.

  6. Overview and Prevention of Cervical Cancer | Ogu | Nigerian Health ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Background: Cervical cancer though a preventable disease, still has an estimated mortality of 80% from invasive cervical cancer in developing countries. The aim of this paper is to present an overview of cervical cancer and the various modalities available for screening and prevention of cervical cancer. Methodology: ...

  7. Imaging the cervical spine following rugby related injury

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Beck, J.J.W.

    2016-01-01

    Rugby Union and Rugby League are popular sports with high participation across the world. The high impact nature of the sport results in a high proportion of injuries. Rugby has an association with cervical spine injury which has potentially catastrophic consequences for the patient. Anecdotal evidence suggests that radiographers find it challenging to visualise the cervicothoracic junction on the lateral supine cervical spine projection in broad shouldered athletes. This paper intends to analyse the risk factors for cervical spine injuries in rugby and discuss the imaging strategy in respect to radiography and CT scanning in high risk patient groups such as rugby players who are suspected of suffering a cervical spine injury. - Highlights: • Rugby as a participation sport represents a risk of cervical spine injury. • Conventional radiography lacks sensitivity in identifying cervical spine injury. • The body habitus of rugby players makes the imaging of the cervicothoracic junction challenging. • CT scanning should replace radiography in the event of serious suspicion of cervical spine injury. • The notion of CT being a high dose modality should be questioned.

  8. [Traumatic spinal complications of cervical arthrosis].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Verstichel, P; Berthelot, J L; Randriananja, H; Crozier, S; Masson, C

    1996-02-17

    Cervical spondylotic myelopathy is usually a chronic and progressive disease. In a few cases, however, dramatic tetraplegia sometimes occurs after even minor injury. We report seven patients (6 males, 1 female, aged from 41 to 63), who suffered from acute myelopathy after an injury. In 5 cases, the injury revealed the cervical spondylotic myelopathy. A hyperextension of the cervical spine was found in 5 cases. The injury was severe in only one case, but there was no bony abnormalities, except arthrosis. The most common cause was a fall. In contrast, severe tetraplegia was found in 4 cases. Spontaneous, but incomplete, recuperation occurred in 4 patients. In all 7 cases, CT scan and MRI showed congenital cervical stenosis associated with cervical spondylosis. The level of disco-osteophytic changes was mainly in C4, C5, C6. On T2-weighted spin-echo image, an increased signal intensity was present in the cord of 3 patients, but was not correlated with the severity of the symptoms, nor with improvement. Surgical treatment was performed in 6 cases: 3 laminectomies, 3 anterior or antero-lateral approaches. Improvement after operative decompression was observed in all but one case, even when the motor or sensory deficit persists for more than one year. Motricity of the inferior limbs improved better than the other deficits, perhaps because of the location of non-reversible lesions in the spinal gray matter. The acute medullary syndrome of cervical spondylotic myelopathy is serious and can cause major handicaps. This complication justifies a preventive surgical attitude when medullar signs are moderate, and cervical imagery shows a spondylotic compression of the cord with congenital stenosis.

  9. Cervical spondylosis

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cervical osteoarthritis; Arthritis - neck; Neck arthritis; Chronic neck pain; Degenerative disk disease ... therapist). Sometimes, a few visits will help with neck pain. Cold packs and heat therapy may help your ...

  10. SU-E-I-51: Use of Blade Sequences in Cervical Spine MR Imaging for Eliminating Motion, Truncation and Flow Artifacts

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Mavroidis, P [University of Texas Health Science Center, UTHSCSA, San Antonio, TX (United States); Lavdas, E; Kostopoulos, S; Ninos, C; Strikou, A; Glotsos, D; Vlachopoulou, A; Oikonomou, G [Technological Education Institute of Athens, Athens, Athens (Greece); Economopoulos, N [General University Hospital ATTIKON, Athens, Athens (Greece); Roka, V [Health Center of Farkadona, Trikala (Greece); Sakkas, G [Center for Research and Technology of Thessaly, Trikala (Greece); Tsagkalis, A; Batsikas, G [IASO Thessalias Hospital, Larissa (Greece); Statkahis, S [Cancer Therapy and Research Center, San Antonio, TX (United States); Papanikolaou, N [University of Texas HSC SA, San Antonio, TX (United States)

    2014-06-01

    Purpose: To assess the efficacy of the BLADE technique to eliminate motion, truncation, flow and other artifacts in Cervical Spine MRI compared to the conventional technique. To study the ability of the examined sequences to reduce the indetention and wrap artifacts, which have been reported in BLADE sagittal sequences. Methods: Forty consecutive subjects, who had been routinely scanned for cervical spine examination using four different image acquisition techniques, were analyzed. More specifically, the following pairs of sequences were compared: a) T2 TSE SAG vs. T2 TSE SAG BLADE and b) T2 TIRM SAG vs. T2 TIRM SAG BLADE. A quantitative analysis was performed using the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and relative contrast (ReCon) measures. A qualitative analysis was also performed by two radiologists, who graded seven image characteristics on a 5-point scale (0:non-visualization; 1:poor; 2:average; 3:good; 4:excellent). The observers also evaluated the presence of image artifacts (motion, truncation, flow, indentation). Results: Based on the findings of the quantitative analysis, the ReCON values of the CSF (cerebrospinal fluid)/SC (spinal cord) between TIRM SAG and TIRM SAG BLADE were found to present statistical significant differences (p<0.001). Regarding motion and truncation artifacts, the T2 TSE SAG BLADE was superior compared to the T2 TSE SAG and the T2 TIRM SAG BLADE was superior compared to the T2 TIRM SAG. Regarding flow artifacts, T2 TIRM SAG BLADE eliminated more artifacts compared to the T2 TIRM SAG. Conclusion: The use of BLADE sequences in cervical spine MR examinations appears to be capable of potentially eliminating motion, pulsatile flow and trancation artifacts. Furthermore, BLADE sequences are proposed to be used in the standard examination protocols based on the fact that a significantly improved image quality could be achieved.

  11. SU-E-I-51: Use of Blade Sequences in Cervical Spine MR Imaging for Eliminating Motion, Truncation and Flow Artifacts

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mavroidis, P; Lavdas, E; Kostopoulos, S; Ninos, C; Strikou, A; Glotsos, D; Vlachopoulou, A; Oikonomou, G; Economopoulos, N; Roka, V; Sakkas, G; Tsagkalis, A; Batsikas, G; Statkahis, S; Papanikolaou, N

    2014-01-01

    Purpose: To assess the efficacy of the BLADE technique to eliminate motion, truncation, flow and other artifacts in Cervical Spine MRI compared to the conventional technique. To study the ability of the examined sequences to reduce the indetention and wrap artifacts, which have been reported in BLADE sagittal sequences. Methods: Forty consecutive subjects, who had been routinely scanned for cervical spine examination using four different image acquisition techniques, were analyzed. More specifically, the following pairs of sequences were compared: a) T2 TSE SAG vs. T2 TSE SAG BLADE and b) T2 TIRM SAG vs. T2 TIRM SAG BLADE. A quantitative analysis was performed using the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and relative contrast (ReCon) measures. A qualitative analysis was also performed by two radiologists, who graded seven image characteristics on a 5-point scale (0:non-visualization; 1:poor; 2:average; 3:good; 4:excellent). The observers also evaluated the presence of image artifacts (motion, truncation, flow, indentation). Results: Based on the findings of the quantitative analysis, the ReCON values of the CSF (cerebrospinal fluid)/SC (spinal cord) between TIRM SAG and TIRM SAG BLADE were found to present statistical significant differences (p<0.001). Regarding motion and truncation artifacts, the T2 TSE SAG BLADE was superior compared to the T2 TSE SAG and the T2 TIRM SAG BLADE was superior compared to the T2 TIRM SAG. Regarding flow artifacts, T2 TIRM SAG BLADE eliminated more artifacts compared to the T2 TIRM SAG. Conclusion: The use of BLADE sequences in cervical spine MR examinations appears to be capable of potentially eliminating motion, pulsatile flow and trancation artifacts. Furthermore, BLADE sequences are proposed to be used in the standard examination protocols based on the fact that a significantly improved image quality could be achieved

  12. Vital Signs-Cervical Cancer is Preventable!

    Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

    2014-11-05

    This podcast is based on the November 2014 CDC Vital Signs report. Every visit to a doctor or nurse is an opportunity to prevent cervical cancer. Women can get a Pap test and HPV test to help prevent cervical cancer and adolescent boys and girls can get the HPV vaccination series to help prevent cervical and other cancers.  Created: 11/5/2014 by National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (NCCDPHP).   Date Released: 11/5/2014.

  13. Knowledge about Cervical Cancer and Barriers of Screening Program among Women in Wufeng County, a High-Incidence Region of Cervical Cancer in China

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhou, Hang; Xiang, Qunying; Hu, Ting; Zhang, Qinghua; Chen, Zhilan; Ma, Ding; Feng, Ling

    2013-01-01

    Purpose Cervical cancer screening is an effective method for reducing the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer, but the screening attendance rate in developing countries is far from satisfactory, especially in rural areas. Wufeng is a region of high cervical cancer incidence in China. This study aimed to investigate the issues that concern cervical cancer and screening and the factors that affect women’s willingness to undergo cervical cancer screening in the Wufeng area. Participants and Methods A cross-sectional survey of women was conducted to determine their knowledge about cervical cancer and screening, demographic characteristics and the barriers to screening. Results Women who were willing to undergo screenings had higher knowledge levels. “Anxious feeling once the disease was diagnosed” (47.6%), “No symptoms/discomfort” (34.1%) and “Do not know the benefits of cervical cancer screening” (13.4%) were the top three reasons for refusing cervical cancer screening. Women who were younger than 45 years old or who had lower incomes, positive family histories of cancer, secondary or higher levels of education, higher levels of knowledge and fewer barriers to screening were more willing to participate in cervical cancer screenings than women without these characteristics. Conclusion Efforts are needed to increase women’s knowledge about cervical cancer, especially the screening methods, and to improve their perceptions of the screening process for early detection to reduce cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates. PMID:23843976

  14. Comparative effectiveness of different types of cervical laminoplasty.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Heller, John G; Raich, Annie L; Dettori, Joseph R; Riew, K Daniel

    2013-10-01

    Study Design Systematic review. Study Rationale Numerous cervical laminoplasty techniques have been described but there are few studies that have compared these to determine the superiority of one over another. Clinical Questions The clinical questions include key question (KQ)1: In adults with cervical myelopathy from ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) or spondylosis, what is the comparative effectiveness of open door cervical laminoplasty versus French door cervical laminoplasty? KQ2: In adults with cervical myelopathy from OPLL or spondylosis, are postoperative complications, including pain and infection, different for the use of miniplates versus the use of no plates following laminoplasty? KQ3: Do these results vary based on early active postoperative cervical motion? Materials and Methods A systematic review of the English-language literature was undertaken for articles published between 1970 and March 11, 2013. Electronic databases and reference lists of key articles were searched to identify studies evaluating (1) open door cervical laminoplasty and French door cervical laminoplasty and (2) the use of miniplates or no plates in cervical laminoplasty for the treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy or OPLL in adults. Studies involving traumatic onset, cervical fracture, infection, deformity, or neoplasms were excluded, as were noncomparative studies. Two independent reviewers (A.L.R., J.R.D.) assessed the level of evidence quality using the Grades of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system, and disagreements were resolved by consensus. Results We identified three studies (one of class of evidence [CoE] II and two of CoE III) meeting our inclusion criteria comparing open door cervical laminoplasty with French door laminoplasty and two studies (one CoE II and one CoE III) comparing the use of miniplates with no plates. Data from one randomized controlled trial (RCT) and two retrospective cohort

  15. Comparison of cranio-cervical flexion training versus cervical proprioception training in patients with chronic neck pain: A randomized controlled clinical trial.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gallego Izquierdo, Tomás; Pecos-Martin, Daniel; Lluch Girbés, Enrique; Plaza-Manzano, Gustavo; Rodríguez Caldentey, Ricardo; Mayor Melús, Rodrigo; Blanco Mariscal, Diego; Falla, Deborah

    2016-01-01

    To compare the effects of cranio-cervical flexion vs cervical proprioception training on neuromuscular control, pressure pain sensitivity and perceived pain and disability in patients with chronic neck pain. Twenty-eight volunteers with chronic non-specific neck pain were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 interventions and undertook 6 physiotherapist-supervised sessions over a period of 2 months. Both groups performed daily home exercise. Performance on the cranio-cervical flexion test, pressure pain thresholds and reported levels of pain and disability were measured before and immediately after the first treatment session, 1 month after starting treatment and 2 months after starting treatment (at completion of the intervention). At 2 months, both groups improved their performance on the cranio-cervical flexion test (p  0.05). Both groups showed a reduction in their pain at rest and disability at 2 months, but this was also not different between groups (p > 0.05). Pressure pain sensitivity did not change for either group. Both specific cranio-cervical flexion training and proprioception training had a comparable effect on performance on the cranio-cervical flexion test, a test of the neuromuscular control of the deep cervical flexors. These results indicate that proprioception training may have positive effects on the function of the deep cervical flexors.

  16. Estudio de la electrooxidación de CO en electrodos de Pt(poly) y Pt(hkl) : el origen del pre-pico

    OpenAIRE

    López Cudero, Ana

    2011-01-01

    Se han combinado técnicas electroquímicas clásicas como la voltametría cíclica, con otras como la espectroscopía infrarroja con transformada de Fourrier, la microscopia de efecto túnel o la generación de segundo armónico, a fin de estudiar a fondo las variaciones del recubrimiento en función del potencial de admisión a explicar la existencia del pre-pico en los voltamogramas de stripping de CO

  17. Tecnología empresarial y redes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sally Burch

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Si bien la informática tuvo sus orígenes en el ámbito militar, es en los negocios que ha desplegado su mayor desarrollo. En el mundo empresarial la influencia del "networking" ha trastornado los viejos esquemas de funcionamiento. Las necesidades de flujo informativo, combinado con una mano de obra más calificada y con mayores expectativas personales, hace que los antiguos esquemas burocráticos y centralistas no rendían los resultados esperados.

  18. The utility of diffusion-weighted MR imaging in cervical cancer

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chen Jianyu; Zhang Yun; Liang Biling; Yang Zehong

    2010-01-01

    Purpose: To investigate the value of diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DWI) in detection of cervical cancer, and to determine the diagnostic accuracy of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values for evaluating cervical cancer before and after chemoradiotherapy. Materials and methods: Thirty-three patients with cervical squamous carcinoma and 20 patients with other pelvic abnormalities underwent diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in addition to routine MR imaging. The ADC values of normal cervical tissue, cervical area before and after chemoradiotherapy were measured and compared. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was employed to investigate whether ADC values could help in discrimination among normal cervical tissue, cervical cancer before and after therapy, and to obtain the optimal ADC threshold value. Results: Cervical cancer lesion demonstrated obviously hyperintensity on DWI images. The mean ADC value of cervical carcinoma (1.110 ± 0.175 x 10 -3 mm 2 /s) was significantly lower than that of normal cervical tissue (1.593 ± 0.151 x 10 -3 mm 2 /s) (P -3 mm 2 /s) was significantly higher than that before therapy (1.013 ± 0.094 x 10 -3 mm 2 /s) (P -3 mm 2 /s, between cervical area before and after therapy was 1.255 x 10 -3 mm 2 /s, between normal cervical tissue and cervical area after therapy was 1.525 x 10 -3 mm 2 /s. The sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 84.8%, 95.5% and 100%, 70% and 81.8%, respectively. Conclusion: DWI can be applied for the detection of cervical cancer because of its superior disease contrast with normal tissue. The measurement of the ADC values can be a useful tool to monitor the response to therapy for cervical carcinoma.

  19. Treatment Options by Stage (Cervical Cancer)

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... cancer is found early. Signs and symptoms of cervical cancer include vaginal bleeding and pelvic pain. These and other signs and symptoms may be caused by cervical cancer or by other conditions . Check with your ...

  20. Radiology of the cervical spine

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wackenheim, A.

    1989-01-01

    The author describes some particularities seen in the abnormal or pathological image of the cervical spine: The osteolysis of the cortical bone in the spinous processes, the 'Y' shaped course of the corporeal veins, the notch in interspinous bursitis, and the main forms of constitutional stenosis of the cervical canal. (orig.) [de

  1. The association between methylated CDKN2A and cervical carcinogenesis, and its diagnostic value in cervical cancer: a meta-analysis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Li J

    2016-08-01

    Full Text Available Jinyun Li,1,2,* Chongchang Zhou,1,* Haojie Zhou,3,* Tianlian Bao,1 Tengjiao Gao,1 Xiangling Jiang,1 Meng Ye1,2 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, 2Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital, Ningbo University, 3Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Ningbo Diagnostic Pathology Center, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China *These authors are co-first authors of this work Background: Cervical cancer is the second deadliest gynecologic malignancy, characterized by apparently precancerous lesions and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN, and having a long course from the development of CIN to cervical cancer. Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A is a well-documented tumor suppressor gene and is commonly methylated in cervical cancer. However, the relationship between methylated CDKN2A and carcinogenesis in cervical cancer is inconsistent, and the diagnostic accuracy of methylated CDKN2A is underinvestigated. In this study, we attempted to quantify the association between CDKN2A methylation and the carcinogenesis of cervical cancer, and its diagnostic power.Methods: We systematically reviewed four electronic databases and identified 26 studies involving 1,490 cervical cancers, 1,291 CINs, and 964 controls. A pooled odds ratio (OR with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI was calculated to evaluate the association between methylated CDKN2A and the carcinogenesis of cervical cancer. Specificity, sensitivity, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, and the diagnostic odds ratio were computed to assess the effect of methylated CDKN2A in the diagnosis of cervical cancer.Results: Our results indicated an upward trend in the methylation frequency of CDKN2A in the carcinogenesis of cervical cancer (cancer vs control: OR =23.67, 95% CI =15.54–36.06; cancer vs CIN: OR =2.53, 95% CI =1.79–3.5; CIN vs control: OR =9.68, 95% CI =5.82–16.02. The

  2. Procesiones, rogativas, conjuros y exorcismos : el campo valenciano ante la plaga de langosta de 1756

    OpenAIRE

    Alberola-Romá, Armando

    2003-01-01

    Entre los años 1756-1758 una plaga de langosta devastó los campos valencianos y los de buena parte de la geografía peninsular. Sus consecuencias alcanzaron enorme relevancia en el antiguo reino de Valencia al coincidir, además, con una meteorología adversa y con las dificultades de comercio y navegación derivadas del inicio de la guerra de los Siete Años. La manera de afrontar la plaga, utilizando «medios técnicos» combinados con otros de carácter «religioso» o «mágico» muy ...

  3. Preparação e caracterização de nanocompósitos multifuncionais obtidos com nanopartículas ferroelétricas e paramagnéticas em filmes de borracha natural

    OpenAIRE

    Bellucci, Felipe Silva

    2013-01-01

    La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo desarrollar una metodología para la preparación de nanocompuestos funcionales y multifuncionales a partir de caucho natural vulcanizado combinado con distintas concentraciones de nanopartículas de cerámicas ferroeléctricas de niobato de potasio y estroncio KSr2Nb5O15 (KSN) y de una cerámica paramagnética con base níquel-zinc denominada ferrita Ni0,5Zn0,5Fe2O4 (NZF). Por otra parte se puso a punto, con satisfactorios resultados, el desarrollo de las...

  4. Cervical Cancer is Preventable! PSA (:60)

    Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

    2014-11-05

    This 60 second Public Service Announcement is based on the November 2014 CDC Vital Signs report. Every visit to a doctor or nurse is an opportunity to prevent cervical cancer. Women can get a Pap test and HPV test to help prevent cervical cancer and adolescent boys and girls can get the HPV vaccination series to help prevent cervical and other cancers.  Created: 11/5/2014 by National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC).   Date Released: 11/5/2014.

  5. Immunosuppression and risk of cervical cancer

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Dugué, Pierre-Antoine; Rebolj, Matejka; Garred, Peter

    2013-01-01

    -stage renal disease seem to be at an increased risk of cervical cancer. A higher risk of cervical precancerous lesions was found in patients with some autoimmune diseases; particularly if treated with immunosuppressants. Among behavioral factors weakening the immune system, smoking appeared to strongly...... increase the risk of cervical cancer, while poor diet only moderately increased the risk. It is difficult to determine whether sexually transmitted infections other than human papillomavirus infection are independent risk factors. Identifying those groups of women likely to fail in clearing persistent...

  6. Implications of tyrosine phosphoproteomics in cervical carcinogenesis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    DeFord James

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Worldwide cervical cancer remains a leading cause of mortality from gynecologic malignancies. The link between cervical cancer and persistent infection with HPV has been established. At a molecular level little is known about the transition from the precancerous state to invasive cancer. To elucidate this process, cervical biopsies from human specimens were obtained from precancerous state to stage III disease. Methods Cervical biopsies were obtained from patients with a diagnosis of cervical cancer undergoing definitive surgery or staging operation. Biopsies were obtained from patients with precancerous lesions at the time of their excisional procedure. Control samples were obtained from patients undergoing hysterectomy for benign conditions such as fibroids. Samples were subjected to proteomic profiling using two dimensional gel electrophoresis with subsequent trypsin digestion followed by MALDI-TOF protein identification. Candidate proteins were then further studied using western blotting, immunoprecipitation and immunohistochemistry. Results Annexin A1 and DNA-PKcs were found to be differentially expressed. Phosphorylated annexin A1 was up regulated in diseased states in comparison to control and its level was strongly detected in the serum of cervical cancer patients compared to controls. DNA-PKcs was noted to be hyperphosphorylated and fragmented in cancer when compared to controls. By immunohistochemistry annexin A1 was noted in the vascular environment in cancer and certain precancerous samples. Conclusion This study suggests a probable role for protein tyrosine phosphorylation in cervical carcinogenesis. Annexin A1 and DNA-PK cs may have synergistic effects with HPV infection. Precancerous lesions that may progress to cervical cancer may be differentiated from lesions that will not base on similar immunohistochemical profile to invasive squamous cell carcinoma.

  7. Mulheres vivenciando o adoecer em face do câncer cérvico-uterino Mujeres que viven la experiencia de enfermedad en la presencia de cáncer cervical-uterino Women living the experience of illness in the presence of cervical-uterine cancer

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mariza Silva de Oliveira

    2005-06-01

    Full Text Available O câncer cérvico-uterino é uma doença de alta incidência e prevalência no país. Com este estudo objetivou-se compreender as vivências de mulheres em face do processo de adoecer por câncer cérvico-uterino. Estudo descritivo exploratório realizado durante o primeiro trimestre de 2002 em serviço de referência ao atendimento de neoplasias de Fortaleza-CE. Foram pesquisadas vinte mulheres com câncer cérvico-uterino mediante entrevista semi-estruturada, cujas respostas foram assim categorizadas: 1. barreiras que dificultaram a prevenção; 2. enfrentamentos: da consulta ao diagnóstico de câncer; 3. desconhecimento sobre a evolução da doença; e 4. apego às pessoas e à religiosidade. Segundo evidenciaram os resultados, a maioria era proveniente do interior do Estado, com idade entre 30 e 50 anos; 75% possuíam ensino médio; 85% viviam com um a dois salários mínimos e 45% não haviam realizado o Papanicolaou. Diante da doença, indicaram sentimentos como ansiedade, medo e pânico. Também referiram desinformação e disseram recorrer à religião como estratégia para enfrentar o câncer. Alguns fatores de risco foram mencionados, sobressaindo: ausência e não adesão ao exame preventivo, convívio com escassos recursos socioeconômicos e dificuldades de acesso aos serviços de saúde.El cáncer cervical-uterino es una enfermedad de incidencia alta y predominio en Brasil. El objetivo del estudio presente era entender qué mujeres experimentan al enfrentar el proceso de volverse la deuda enferma al cáncer cervical-uterino. Un estudio exploratorio descriptivo se llevó a cabo en el primer trimestre de 2002 a una referencia repare para el cuidado de cáncer en Fortaleza-CE. Se investigaron veinte mujeres con el cáncer cervical-uterino por medio de una entrevista semi-estructurada, con las contestaciones a categorizándose como sigue: 1. barreras que dañan la prevención; 2. cubriendo: de la visita al diagnóstico de cáncer; 3

  8. Cervical biomechanics and neck pain of "head-spinning" breakdancers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kauther, M D; Piotrowski, M; Hussmann, B; Lendemans, S; Wedemeyer, C; Jaeger, M

    2014-05-01

    The cervical spine of breakdancers is at great risk due to reversed body loading during headspin manoeuvers. This study focused on the cervical biomechanics of breakdancers and a correlation with neck pain. A standardized interview and biomechanical testing of the cervical spine of 25 participants with "headspin" ability ages 16-34 years and an age-matched cohort of 25 participants without any cervical spine problems was conducted. Neck pain history, Neck Disability Index (NDI), cervical range of motion (CROM) and cervical torque were recorded. The "headspin" group reported significantly better subjective fitness, more cervical complaints, higher pain intensity, a longer history of neck pain and a worse NDI compared to the "normal" collective. The "headspin" group showed a 2-2.5 times higher rate of neck pain than the normal population, with increased cervical flexion (pcervical torque in all planes (ppain intensity and history of neck pain. Sports medicine practitioners should be aware of headspin maneuver accidents that pose the risk of fractures, dislocations and spinal cord injuries of breakdancers. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

  9. The Influence of Artificial Cervical Disc Prosthesis Height on the Cervical Biomechanics: A Finite Element Study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yuan, Wei; Zhang, Haiping; Zhou, Xiaoshu; Wu, Weidong; Zhu, Yue

    2018-05-01

    Artificial cervical disc replacement is expected to maintain normal cervical biomechanics. At present, the effect of the Prestige LP prosthesis height on cervical biomechanics has not been thoroughly studied. This finite element study of the cervical biomechanics aims to predict how the parameters, like range of motion (ROM), adjacent intradiscal pressure, facet joint force, and bone-implant interface stress, are affected by different heights of Prestige LP prostheses. The finite element model of intact cervical spine (C3-C7) was obtained from our previous study, and the model was altered to implant Prestige LP prostheses at the C5-C6 level. The effects of the height of 5, 6, and 7 mm prosthesis replacement on ROM, adjacent intradiscal pressure, facet joint force, as well as the distribution of bone-implant interface stress were examined. ROM, adjacent intradiscal pressure, and facet joint force increased with the prosthesis height, whereas ROM and facet joint force decreased at C5-C6. The maximal stress on the inferior surface of the prostheses was greater than that on the superior surface, and the stresses increased with the prosthesis height. The biomechanical changes were slightly affected by the height of 5 and 6 mm prostheses, but were strongly affected by the 7-mm prosthesis. An appropriate height of the Prestige LP prosthesis can preserve normal ROM, adjacent intradiscal pressure, and facet joint force. Prostheses with a height of ≥2 mm than normal can lead to marked changes in the cervical biomechanics and bone-implant interface stress. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  10. Cáncer de lengua en un paciente con Alzheimer

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Daniel Antunes Freitas

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available El cáncer bucal a nivel mundial se considera uno de los más incidentes en cabeza y cuello, y la lengua, la ubicación topográfica bucal más frecuente. Los principales factores de riesgo son: tabaquismo, alcoholismo, herencia y una higiene bucal inadecuada. Se reporta el caso de un hombre de 64 años de edad con hábitos tóxicos de tabaquismo y alcoholismo, y además deficiente higiene bucal. El paciente sufre enfermedad de Alzheimer y desarrolló en la lengua un carcinoma escamocelular con adenopatías cervicales metastásicas. El diagnóstico fue confirmado histopatológicamente. Se realizó glosectomía total y posterior radioterapia cervical. Se motivó a los familiares a mejorar la higiene bucal del paciente y actualmente se encuentra bajo control médico. Aunque no se puede asegurar que la aparición y desarrollo del cáncer bucal en este paciente fue debido al padecimiento de Alzheimer o a los demás factores de riesgo, si se contempló la posibilidad de convertirse este padecimiento neurológico en un factor predisponente para esta enfermedad.

  11. The rebirth of the cervical cap.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cappiello, J D; Grainger-Harrison, M

    1981-01-01

    In an effort to dispel myths surrounding the cervical cap, the historical and political factors affecting the cap's use in the U.S. are described. Clinical aspects of cap fitting are also included. The cervical cap has found only limited acceptance in the U.S. Skepticisms on the part of physicians may be the result of 2 factors: confusion of the cervical cap with intracervical devices used for artificial insemination and confusion with stem pessaries; and the lack of clinical research and statistical evaluation of efficacy rates. The latter factor prompted Tietze et al. to conduct the only U.S. statistical study of the cap in 1953. Of the 143 women studied, the pregnancy rate was 7.6/100 years of use. Of the 28 unplanned pregnancies, 6 were related to faulty technique or omission of a spermicide and 10 were instances of admittedly irregular use. When these failures are omitted, the theoretical effectiveness rate is about 98%. Some practitioners are concerned about an increased incidence of cervical erosion with cap use. Possibly currently conducted studies will show that cap and spermicide users have a lower incidence of cervical erosion than women using no contraceptive method. Study findings suggest that the cervical cap may afford protection without any spermicidal supplement, but the use of spermicides continues to be recommended to clients. Advantages of the cervical cap include the following: it can be left in place longer than a diaphragm without additional applications of spermicide in the vagina; and the insertion of the cap is unrelated to the time of intercourse. Despite research on toleration of the cap for 3 weeks at a time, it is recommended that the cap be worn for only a few days at a time. At this time there are no manufacturers of cervical caps for contraceptive use in the U.S. The cap is now being imported from England and it costs $6.00. A factor that has made the cap unpopular with many physicians is the lengthy time required for fitting. An

  12. Cervical Cancer

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... I find more information about cervical and other gynecologic cancers? Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: 800-CDC-INFO or www. cdc. gov/ cancer/ gynecologic National Cancer Institute: 800-4-CANCER or www. ...

  13. Cervical motion assessment using virtual reality.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sarig-Bahat, Hilla; Weiss, Patrice L; Laufer, Yocheved

    2009-05-01

    Repeated measures of cervical motion in asymptomatic subjects. To introduce a virtual reality (VR)-based assessment of cervical range of motion (ROM); to establish inter and intratester reliability of the VR-based assessment in comparison with conventional assessment in asymptomatic individuals; and to evaluate the effect of a single VR session on cervical ROM. Cervical ROM and clinical issues related to neck pain is frequently studied. A wide variety of methods is available for evaluation of cervical motion. To date, most methods rely on voluntary responses to an assessor's instructions. However, in day-to-day life, head movement is generally an involuntary response to multiple stimuli. Therefore, there is a need for a more functional assessment method, using sensory stimuli to elicit spontaneous neck motion. VR attributes may provide a methodology for achieving this goal. A novel method was developed for cervical motion assessment utilizing an electromagnetic tracking system and a VR game scenario displayed via a head mounted device. Thirty asymptomatic participants were assessed by both conventional and VR-based methods. Inter and intratester repeatability analyses were performed. The effect of a single VR session on ROM was evaluated. Both assessments showed non-biased results between tests and between testers (P > 0.1). Full-cycle repeatability coefficients ranged between 15.0 degrees and 29.2 degrees with smaller values for rotation and for the VR assessment. A single VR session significantly increased ROM, with largest effect found in the rotation direction. Inter and intratester reliability was supported for both the VR-based and the conventional methods. Results suggest better repeatability for the VR method, with rotation being more precise than flexion/extension. A single VR session was found to be effective in increasing cervical motion, possibly due to its motivating effect.

  14. Rheumatoid arthritis: Radiological changes in the cervical spine

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Al-Boukai, Ahmad A.; Al-Arfaj, Abdurahman S.

    2003-01-01

    Objective was to describe the radiographic cervical spine changes in rheumatoid arthritis patients.Forty-nine patients (37 females and 12 males ) diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia between June 1998 and December 2000, were studied for their radiographic cervical spine changes . Their mean age at disease onset was 41.4 + 13.4 years (range of 18-73)and mean duration of disease was 9.1+-6.28 years (range of 2-34). Their demographic data including rheumatoid factor status was obtained. Standard conventional radiographs cervical spine were obtained to study the cervical spine changes. Cervical radiographic changes were found in 34 patients (27 females and 7 males) 10 had subluxation (7 with atlanto-axial subluxation,2 with sub-axial subluxation,and one with lateral subluxation ). No vertical impaction was seen. Erosion of odontoid process was seen in one patient .All were rheumatoid seropositive Cervical spine changes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis are common, in particular subluxation in the upper cervical spine. Our study showed somewhat lesser prevalence of these changes. These were clinically correlated with disease duration, female sex, and rheumatoid factor, but were not clinically significant. (author)

  15. Invasive cervical carcinoma (Stages IB-IIB)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sironi, S.; Zanello, A.; Rodighiero, M.G.; Vanzulli, A.; Del Maschio, A.; Taccagni, G.L.; Belloni, C.

    1991-01-01

    In the patients with invasive cervical carcinoma, the accurate assessment of parametrial invasion greatly affects the therapeutic choice between surgery and radiation therapy. As a matter of fact, surgery is usually performed only in the patients with carcinoma confined to the cervix, whereas those with parametrial involvement, or more advanced stages, are treated with radiation therapy. This prospective study was aimed at investigating the comparative adequecy of CT and MR imaging in assessing parametrial status in the patients with invasive cervical cancer. Twenty-one consecutive patients, with histologic diagnosis of cervical carcinoma, were investigated. All of them were clinically considered as having invasive cervical cancer (FIGO stage IB-IIB) and subsequently underwent surgery. In all cases, detailed histology of the parametrium was obtained. Pathological data were compared with CT and MR findings in all cases. As for assessing parametrial involvement by cancer, CT had 62% accuracy, 63% sensitivity, and 60% specificity, versus MR imaging 81% accuracy, 69% sensitivity, and 80% specificify. Therefore, MR imaging appears to be superior to CT in assessing the parametrial status of patients with invasive cervical carcinoma; the method yields valuable information for treatment planning

  16. Processamento e conservação de manga por métodos combinados Mango processing and conservation by combined methods

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Miguel Guilherme Martins Pina

    2003-04-01

    Full Text Available A tecnologia de métodos combinados foi empregada na conservação da manga (Mangifera indica, L. em pedaços. A estabilidade físico-química, microbiológica e sensorial da manga em pedaços foi obtida através do branqueamento com vapor saturado por 2 min, ajuste da atividade de água (Aw para 0,97, do pH para 3,6, adição de 600 ppm de ácido ascórbico, 1000 ppm de benzoato de sódio e 600 ou 900 ppm de dióxido de enxofre. Os produtos da manga processados nas condições descritas apresentaram, ao longo de 120 dias de armazenamento, teores de umidade, atividades de água e pH na faixa para produtos de fruta de alta umidade; aumento dos açúcares redutores; acentuada perda de SO2 (cerca de 60% e vitamina C; redução da contagem microbiológica, demonstrando que a seleção de obstáculos e suas intensidades foram capazes de assegurar a estabilidade microbiológica do produto. O teste de aceitabilidade mostrou que a manga conservada por métodos combinados teve boa aceitação e que as médias dos atributos se assemelham aos resultados de testes sensoriais mencionados na literatura.The technology of combined methods was used in the conservation of mango (Mangifera indica, L. pieces. The phisical-chemical, microbiological and sensorial stability of mango pieces was achieved through blanching using saturated vapor for 2 minutes, ajusting water activity (Aw to 0.97, pH to 3.6, addition of 600 ppm of ascorbic acid, 1000 ppm of sodium benzoate and 600 to 900 ppm of sulfite dioxide. The mango products processed, under these conditions, presented at 120 days storage moisture content, water activity and pH in the range for fruit products with high moisture; increasing in reduced sugars; high loss of SO2 (about 60% and of vitamin C; decreased microbiological counting showing that the obstacles seletion and their intensities were capable to assure the microbiological stability of the product. The test of acceptability showed that the mango

  17. MR imaging in cervical hyperextension injuries

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Davis, S.J.; Teresi, L.M.; Bradley, W.G. Jr.; Ziemba, M.R.

    1990-01-01

    This paper reports on cervical hyperextension injuries that are common and often show minimal radiographic abnormalities, even with severe or unstable lesions. MR images and clinical records of 14 patients scanned within 4 months of hyperextension cervical injuries were reviewed. Clinical, radiographic, and MR findings were correlated. Nine patients had acceleration hyperextension whiplash injuries, four with acute cervical disk herniations developing radiculopathy after several weeks. Five patients injured by direct frontal head trauma presented with myelopathy and had MR evidence of cord injury, and four had acute disk herniation

  18. Cervical Laminoplasty

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Nerve Tests: EMG, NCV and SEEP Alternative Medicine Acupuncture Herbal Supplements Surgical Options Anterior Cervical Fusion Artifical ... tasks. A NASS physician can perform a thorough history to evaluate your symptoms and any recent changes. ...

  19. Preventing Cervical Cancer with HPV Vaccines

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cervical cancer can be prevented with HPV vaccines. NCI-supported researchers helped establish HPV as a cause of cervical cancer. They also helped create the first HPV vaccines, were involved in the vaccine trials, and contribute to ongoing studies.

  20. Expresión génica relacionada con el ciclo celular, apoptosis, sinaptogénesis y diferenciación celular en la diferenciación sexual de la rata

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Héctor Herrera Gutiérrez

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Existen diferencias anatómico-funcionales importantes entre los hipotálamos de las ratas machos y hembras, las cuales son reguladas por esteroides sexuales durante un periodo crítico del desarrollo hipotalámico, especialmente por el estradiol; por ejemplo, en la rata macho, el núcleo dimórfico sexual del área preóptica es seis veces más grande que en la hembra, y en el núcleo arqueado de la hembra son más abundantes las conexiones sinápticas que en los machos. En este estudio se investigaron algunas diferencias entre machos y hembras en la expresión de genes relacionados con la apoptosis, neurogénesis y sinaptogénesis en ratas de 4 h de nacidas, además se evaluó el efecto de la administración temprana de propionato de testosterona (PT a hembras y tamoxifen (Tx a machos, sobre el patrón de expresión del grupo de genes referidos, para lo cual se usó un análisis con microarreglos de DNA, combinado con qPCR; se encontraron diferencias en la expresión de los genes en hipotálamos de hembras y machos. En las hembras, hubo una mayor expresión de genes relacionados con la apoptosis: IL-24, Smpd3, Tpa, Pp4, Map3k1, Pge y Naca3; con la diferenciación celular, Neurod2, Zic1 y Epo y con la sinapsis y el control del ciclo celular; Syt7, Tgfbr1, Ptf1a y Cox2. También se muestra que la aplicación de Tx en los machos provocó un patrón de expresión génica similar al de las hembras testigo, mientras que el PT en las hembras no modificó la expresión de genes.

  1. Cervical transforaminal epidural steroid injection for the management of cervical radiculopathy: a comparative study of particulate versus non-particulate steroids

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Lee, Joon Woo; Kang, Heung Sik [Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Department of Radiology, Gyeonggi-Do (Korea); Park, Kun Woo; Yeom, Jin S. [Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gyeonggi-Do (Korea); Chung, Sang-Ki; Kim, Ki-Jeong; Kim, Hyun-Jib [Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Gyeonggi-do (Korea)

    2009-11-15

    To determine if a particulate steroid which has a risk for embolic infarct would be more effective than a non-particulate steroid for transforaminal epidural steroid injection (TFESI). The purpose of this study was (1) to compare the effect of cervical TFESI using particulate (e.g., triamcinolone) and non-particulate (e.g., dexamethasone) steroids and (2) to evaluate the effectiveness of cervical TFESI in general. From January 2006 to August 2008, 159 consecutive patients [male:female (M:F) 89:70; mean age 53 years, range 33-75 years] who underwent cervical TFESI were included in this non-randomized study. For cervical TFESI, triamcinolone was injected into 97 patients and dexamethasone into 62 patients. Short-term follow-up was conducted within 1 month. The outcome was classified as effective or ineffective. Fisher's exact test was used to analyze the difference of outcome according to the injected steroid (triamcinolone vs dexamethasone). Other possible outcome predictors, such as age, gender, duration of radiculopathy, predominant symptom, attack of radiculopathy, cause of radiculopathy, number of nerve root compression levels, previous operation, and failure of previous interlaminar epidural injection, were also analyzed. Cervical TFESI using triamcinolone (78/97, 80.4%) was slightly more effective than that using dexamethasone (43/62, 69.4%), which was not significant (P = 0.129). In general, cervical TFESIs were effective in 121 of 159 patients (76.1%) at short-term follow-up. The only significant outcome predictor was whether the patient had had a previous operation (6/13, 46/2%) or not (115/146, 78.8%) (P = 0.015). There was no significant difference between particulate or non-particulate steroid for the effect of cervical TFESI. Cervical TFESI was effective in managing cervical radiculopathy in general. (orig.)

  2. Cervical transforaminal epidural steroid injection for the management of cervical radiculopathy: a comparative study of particulate versus non-particulate steroids

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lee, Joon Woo; Kang, Heung Sik; Park, Kun Woo; Yeom, Jin S.; Chung, Sang-Ki; Kim, Ki-Jeong; Kim, Hyun-Jib

    2009-01-01

    To determine if a particulate steroid which has a risk for embolic infarct would be more effective than a non-particulate steroid for transforaminal epidural steroid injection (TFESI). The purpose of this study was (1) to compare the effect of cervical TFESI using particulate (e.g., triamcinolone) and non-particulate (e.g., dexamethasone) steroids and (2) to evaluate the effectiveness of cervical TFESI in general. From January 2006 to August 2008, 159 consecutive patients [male:female (M:F) 89:70; mean age 53 years, range 33-75 years] who underwent cervical TFESI were included in this non-randomized study. For cervical TFESI, triamcinolone was injected into 97 patients and dexamethasone into 62 patients. Short-term follow-up was conducted within 1 month. The outcome was classified as effective or ineffective. Fisher's exact test was used to analyze the difference of outcome according to the injected steroid (triamcinolone vs dexamethasone). Other possible outcome predictors, such as age, gender, duration of radiculopathy, predominant symptom, attack of radiculopathy, cause of radiculopathy, number of nerve root compression levels, previous operation, and failure of previous interlaminar epidural injection, were also analyzed. Cervical TFESI using triamcinolone (78/97, 80.4%) was slightly more effective than that using dexamethasone (43/62, 69.4%), which was not significant (P = 0.129). In general, cervical TFESIs were effective in 121 of 159 patients (76.1%) at short-term follow-up. The only significant outcome predictor was whether the patient had had a previous operation (6/13, 46/2%) or not (115/146, 78.8%) (P = 0.015). There was no significant difference between particulate or non-particulate steroid for the effect of cervical TFESI. Cervical TFESI was effective in managing cervical radiculopathy in general. (orig.)

  3. Mapping HPV Vaccination and Cervical Cancer Screening Practice in the Pacific Region-Strengthening National and Regional Cervical Cancer Prevention

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Obel, J; McKenzie, J; Buenconsejo-Lum, L E

    2015-01-01

    OBJECTIVE: To provide background information for strengthening cervical cancer prevention in the Pacific by mapping current human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and cervical cancer screening practices, as well as intent and barriers to the introduction and maintenance of national HPV vaccinatio...... of prevention programs, operational research and advocacy could strengthen political momentum for cervical cancer prevention and avoid risking the lives of many women in the Pacific....

  4. Evaluation of the cervical neural foramina with MR imaging

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Czervionke, L.F.; Daniels, D.L.; Ho, P.S.P.; Yu, S.; Williams, A.L.; Haughton, V.M.

    1987-01-01

    Accurately diagnosing the causes of cervical radiculopathy with MR imaging requires better understanding of the anatomic relationships in the cervical neural foramina. The cervical foramina were studied in three ways: (1) In cadavers, the paravertebral veins were injected with paramagnetic contrast material. Cryomicrotome sections were then correlated with MR images. (2) In patients, the cervical foramina were studied with MR imaging with intravenous Gd-DTPA. (3) Normal volunteers were scanned using spin-echo and gradient-echo techniques. The nerve root sheaths, ganglia, vessels, and bone margins of the cervical foramina can be well demonstrated by MR imaging. Intravenous Gd-DTPA enhances some normal structures in the foramen. The authors report on optimal pulse sequences for evaluating the cervical neural foramina

  5. Cervical spondylosis in Nepalese porters.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bista, P; Roka, Y B

    2008-01-01

    Neck pain with or without radiculopathy and myelopathy is a very common problem in clinical practice. The incidence is believed to be higher in subgroups carrying load on their head. It has been reported in literature that radiographic spondylosis is appreciable in 25% to 50% of population by the age of 50 years and 75% to 85% by the age of 65 years. One hundred and nineteen lateral X-rays of cervical spine were analyzed as case-control study in patients between 40 and 50 years age with the objective of finding out proportion of cervical spondylosis in this age group and difference in the prevalence between porters and non-porters. Out of the 119 cases 54 (45.4.2%) were porters and 65 (54.6%) were non-porters. There were 98 (82.4%) males and 21 (17.6%) females. The overall prevalence of radiological cervical spondylosis was 69 (58%). The prevalence of cervical spondylosis was significantly lower (x2=14.795, p=0.0001) in porters in comparison to non-porters. The odds ratio was found to be 0.23 (0.10, 0.53) at 95% confidence interval indicating that portering significantly prohibited development of spondylosis. This study concludes that the overall prevalence of cervical spondylosis in the Nepalese population is slightly higher than in the Caucasian and contrary to other studies there is significantly lower prevalence of such degeneration among the Nepalese porters.

  6. Cervical HSV-2 infection causes cervical remodeling and increases risk for ascending infection and preterm birth

    Science.gov (United States)

    McGee, Devin; Poncil, Sharra; Patterson, Amanda

    2017-01-01

    Preterm birth (PTB), or birth before 37 weeks gestation, is the leading cause of neonatal mortality worldwide. Cervical viral infections have been established as risk factors for PTB in women, although the mechanism leading to increased risk is unknown. Using a mouse model of pregnancy, we determined that intra-vaginal HSV2 infection caused increased rates of preterm birth following an intra-vaginal bacterial infection. HSV2 infection resulted in histological changes in the cervix mimicking cervical ripening, including significant collagen remodeling and increased hyaluronic acid synthesis. Viral infection also caused aberrant expression of estrogen and progesterone receptor in the cervical epithelium. Further analysis using human ectocervical cells demonstrated a role for Src kinase in virus-mediated changes in estrogen receptor and hyaluronic acid expression. In conclusion, HSV2 affects proteins involved in tissue hormone responsiveness, causes significant changes reminiscent of premature cervical ripening, and increases risk of preterm birth. Studies such as this improve our chances of identifying clinical interventions in the future. PMID:29190738

  7. Paediatric cervical spine injury but NEXUS negative

    OpenAIRE

    Maxwell, Melanie J; Jardine, Andrew D

    2007-01-01

    Cervical spine injuries in paediatric patients following trauma are extremely rare. The National Emergency X‐Radiography Utilization Study (NEXUS) guidelines are a set of clinical criteria used to guide physicians in identifying trauma patients requiring cervical spine imaging. It is validated for use in children. A case of a child who did not fulfil the NEXUS criteria for imaging but was found to have a cervical spine fracture is reported.

  8. Vietnamese American women’s beliefs and perceptions on cervical cancer, cervical cancer screening, and cancer prevention vaccines: A community-based participatory study

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Connie Kim Yen Nguyen-Truong

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available Cervical cancer remains commonly diagnosed in Vietnamese American women. Despite efforts to increase cervical cancer screening among Vietnamese American women, participation rates are persistently lower than the national goal. The objective of this study is to explore beliefs of Vietnamese American women about cervical cancer, cervical cancer screening, and cancer prevention vaccines. A qualitative descriptive investigation captured group perceptions about meaning and beliefs of cervical cancer, screening, and cancer prevention vaccines, and participants’ stories using a community-based participatory research approach. Forty Vietnamese American women were recruited from the Portland, Oregon metropolitan area into four focus groups. Using a process of directed content analysis, focus group transcripts were coded for themes. We found that cervical cancer continues to be a difficult topic to discuss, and Vietnamese American women may not bring the topic up themselves to their health care providers. Some women experienced intense emotions of fear or shame of having their cervix examined. Women delayed seeking cervical cancer screening and needed to have early warning signs, which guided them as to when to seek health care. Women focused on cleanliness through vaginal and/or perineal washing as primary prevention for cervical cancer. There were limited awareness and knowledge about cancer prevention vaccines, specifically the human papillomavirus. Some women relied heavily on their informal social networks of family, friends, or community for health knowledge. Fear and misunderstanding dominated the beliefs of Vietnamese American women about cervical cancer screening and prevention. These findings underscored the importance of having culturally-specific findings, which will inform a multicomponent intervention to promote cervical cancer screening and cancer prevention vaccine uptake within this population.

  9. Computerized axial tomography in traumatic cervical lesions

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Koyama, Tsunemaro

    1982-01-01

    Although plain computerized axial tomography cannot routinely demonstrate the spinal cord, it does provide excellent visualization of the bony outline of the spinal canal and vertebral column. So it should be reasonable to use this technique in cases of cervical traumatic disorders. In this paper we presented 10 cases of cervical traumatic lesions; 3 atlanto-axial dislocation, 2 cervical canal stenosis, 3 OPLL, 1 intramedullary hematoma and 1 C 2 -neurinoma. In some patients neurologic deficits were induced by cervical trauma. Bony lesions appeared more adequately deliniated than intraspinal lesions, however, in some cases intramedullary changes could also be demonstrated. The use of metrizamide with high resolution CT-scanner could improve the usefullness of this technique. (author)

  10. Papillary thyroid carcinoma with tuberculous cervical lymphadenopathy mimicking metastasis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Iqbal, M; Subhan, A.; Aslam, A.

    2011-01-01

    To determine the frequency of tuberculous cervical lymphadenopathy mimicking metastasis from papillary thyroid cancer. Study Design: Case series. Place and Duration of Study: Surgical Unit-I, Ward-3 of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, from March 2005 to March 2010. Methodology: All patients above 12 years of age of either gender diagnosed on investigations as papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) were included in the study. Ultrasound and fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), neck of solitary thyroid nodules (STN) and cervical lymph nodes were done. Total thyroidectomy and excision biopsy of cervical lymph nodes was performed, histopathological results were recorded and patients were managed accordingly. Results: A total of 55 patients had PTC and 25 had cervical lymphadenopathy. Eighteen patients of PTC with cervical lymphadenopathy were diagnosed after investigations as cases of tuberculous cervical lymphadenopathy (TCL) initially considered as metastasis from PTC; 5 patients had metastasis from PTC. Two patients proved to be of reactive hyperplasia which initially showed tuberculous cervical lymphadenopathy on FNAC. So 80% patients of cervical lymphadenopathy with PTC were due to benign disease and 20% had metastasis in lymph node due to PTC. Conclusion: PTC with cervical lymphadenopathy due to co-existent tuberculosis is common. Metastasis from PTC in lymph nodes were less common than tuberculous lymphodenitis in this study. Tuberculosis should be considered before deciding for neck dissection in cases of PTC. (author)

  11. Anterior cervical fusion: the role of anterior plating.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Daffner, Scott D; Wang, Jeffrey C

    2009-01-01

    Treatment of cervical pathology requires a clear understanding of the biomechanical benefits and limitations of cervical plates, their indications, and their associated complications. The use of anterior cervical plates has evolved significantly since their early application in cervical trauma. They have become widely used for anterior cervical decompression and fusion for cervical spondylosis. Plate design has undergone significant refinement and innovation, from the initial unlocked plates requiring bicortical purchase to the latest rotationally and translationally semiconstrained dynamic plates. Excellent clinical results have been reported for single-level anterior cervical decompression and fusion with or without plate fixation; however, the addition of an anterior cervical plate clearly leads to earlier fusion and better clinical results in longer fusions. Longer fusions should ideally consist of corpectomies and strut grafting because the decreased number of fusion surfaces tends to lead to higher fusion rates. Although anterior plate fixation leads to higher fusion rates in fusions of three or more levels, the associated pseudarthrosis rate is still high. The use of dynamic plates, through increased load sharing across the graft and decreased stress shielding, may improve fusion rates, particularly in long fusions. Nevertheless, adjuvant posterior fixation is recommended for fusions of more than three vertebral levels. Anterior plate fixation may be of particular benefit in the management of traumatic injuries, in revision settings, and in the treatment of smokers. Complications unique to plate fixation include hardware breakage and migration as well as ossification of the adjacent disk levels.

  12. Comparison of isometric cervical flexor and isometric cervical extensor system exercises on patients with neuromuscular imbalance and cervical crossed syndrome associated forward head posture.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lee, Jaejin; Kim, Dohyeon; Yu, Kyunghoon; Cho, Youngki; You, Joshua H

    2018-01-01

    Isometric cervical flexor system exercise (ICF) and isometric cervical extensor system exercise (ICE) are cervical stabilization techniques that have been used to restore cervical crossed syndrome (CCS)-associated forward head posture. However, the therapeutic effects and underlying motor control mechanisms remain elusive. The purpose of present study was investigating the concurrent therapeutic effects of ICF and ICE on muscle size, muscle imbalance ratio, and muscle recruitment sequence using ultrasound imaging and electromyography. A total of 18 participants (7 females; age=24±4.0 years) with CCS associated with forward head posture underwent ICF and ICE. Paired t-test analysis was used for statistical analysis. Paired t-test analysis showed that sternocleidomastoid thickness was greater during ICF than ICE. Similarly, cross-sectional area and horizontal thickness of the longus colli were greater during ICE than ICF. The upper trapezius/lower trapezius muscle imbalance ratio and the pectoralis major/lower trapezius muscle imbalance ratio were significantly decreased during the application of ICE compared to ICF. These results provide compelling, mechanistic evidence as to how ICE is more beneficial for the restoration of neuromuscular imbalance than ICF in individuals with CCS.

  13. Long-term risk of cervical cancer following conization of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3-A Danish nationwide cohort study

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Sand, Freja Laerke; Frederiksen, Kirsten; Munk, Christian

    2018-01-01

    Using nationwide Danish registries we examined the long-term risk of cervical cancer in women diagnosed with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3) (including adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS)) on the cone compared to women with a normal cytology test. Initially, we identified women born 1918......-1990, who were recorded as living in Denmark between January 1, 1978 and December 31, 2012. From the Pathology Data Bank information on CIN3 on the cone, margins status, histological type of CIN3 and cervical cytology results was extracted. Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate the relative...... risk of subsequent cervical cancer. We included 59,464 women with CIN3 on the cone and 1,918,508 women with a normal cytology test. Overall, women diagnosed with CIN3 had a higher risk of subsequent cervical cancer compared to women with normal cytology (HR = 2.06; 95%CI: 1.81-2.35). Analyses according...

  14. Cuanta más psicología, mejor: eficacia para dejar de fumar de la terapia cognitiva conductual intensiva y de los parches de nicotina combinados con terapia cognitiva conductual intensiva y menos intensiva

    OpenAIRE

    Fernández Arias, Ignacio Gabino; García-Vera, María Paz; Sanz, Jesús

    2014-01-01

    Para comparar la eficacia para dejar de fumar de la terapia cognitiva conductual intensiva (TCC/I), la TCC/I con parches de nicotina (TCC/I+PN) y la terapia cognitiva conductual no intensiva con parches de nicotina (TCC/NI+PN) se realizó un estudio experimental de medidas repetidas con 235 fumadores adultos asignados aleatoriamente a uno de esos tres tratamientos. Entre los pacientes que completaron el tratamiento (n = 152) la TCC/I+PN mostró tasas de abstinencia a los 6 meses y al año, mayor...

  15. Cervical length measurement: comparison of transabdominal and transvaginal approach

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Westerway, Sue C; Pedersen, Lars Henning; Hyett, Jon

    2015-01-01

    to external cervical os. Bland- Altman plots and Wilcoxon signed rank test were used to evaluate differences between TA and TV measurements. Results: The validity of the TA method depended on cervical length. Although the TA method underestimated cervical length by 2.0 mm on average (P ... plots showed an inverse trend with shorter cervixes. In women with a cervix test to detect cervical length

  16. Trends of cervical cancer in Greenland

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Sander, Bente B; Rebolj, Matejka; Lynge, Elsebeth

    2014-01-01

    BACKGROUND: Due to its extraordinarily fast economic and social transition, virtually closed borders before 1940 and, moreover, that 85% of the population has the distinctive genetics of the Inuit, Greenland is a very interesting country to study cervical cancer from a historical perspective....... Nevertheless, little has been reported about long-term cancer trends in Greenland. Our aim was to describe and interpret the incidence of cervical cancer from 1950 to 2009. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We systematically searched PubMed for articles reporting the incidence of cervical cancer in Greenland. We...... supplemented this with data for 1980-2009 obtained from the Chief Medical Officer of Greenland. RESULTS: Incidence of cervical cancer was around 10 per 100 000 women (age-standardised, world population, ASW) in the 1950s, 30 per 100 000 in the 1960s, and in the 1980s around 60 per 100 000. From 1985 onwards...

  17. Is cervical discography of any value

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Merriam, W F; Stockdale, H R

    1983-05-01

    Following the successful use of lumbar discography in the management of lumbo-sciatic pain, attention focussed on the possibility of using such intradiscal injections in the management of cervico-brachial disorders. Much has been written on the subject of cervical discography. However, little is of use to the clinician seeking objective validation of this procedure. Many papers relate to specific workers' own experiences and one cannot but be disturbed at the wide diversity of opinion that has been expressed on the efficacy of cervical discography. In this paper, we review the extensive literature on cervical discography and present our own findings from both in vitro and clinical studies. We conclude that as a technique to locate symptomatic levels, cervical discography is worthless but that the findings of a normal nuclear image will probably indicate an asymptomatic level. Also, we feel that reliance on pain reproduction during injection is doubtful.

  18. Is cervical discography of any value

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Merriam, W.F.; Stockdale, H.R.

    1983-01-01

    Following the successful use of lumbar discography in the management of lumbo-sciatic pain, attention focussed on the possibility of using such intradiscal injections in the management of cervico-brachial disorders. Much has been written on the subject of cervical discography. However, little is of use to the clinician seeking objective validation of this procedure. Many papers relate to specific workers' own experiences and one cannot but be disturbed at the wide diversity of opinion that has been expressed on the efficacy of cervical discography. In this paper, we review the extensive literature on cervical discography and present our own findings from both in vitro and clinical studies. We conclude that as a technique to locate symptomatic levels, cervical discography is worthless but that the findings of a normal nuclear image will probably indicate an asymptomatic level. Also, we feel that reliance on pain reproduction during injection is doubtful. (orig.)

  19. Human papillomavirus testing and genotyping in cervical screening

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Rebolj, Matejka; Lynge, Elsebeth; Bonde, Jesper

    2011-01-01

    the incidence of cervical cancer, but has a low sensitivity for high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and requires frequent testing. Several HPV tests have become available commercially. They appear to be more sensitive for high-grade CIN, and may further reduce the incidence of cervical cancer......Mass vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes 16 and 18 will, in the long term, reduce the incidence of cervical cancer, but screening will remain an important cancer control measure in both vaccinated and unvaccinated women. Since the 1960s, cytology screening has helped to reduce...

  20. Molecular mechanisms of cisplatin resistance in cervical cancer.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhu, Haiyan; Luo, Hui; Zhang, Wenwen; Shen, Zhaojun; Hu, Xiaoli; Zhu, Xueqiong

    2016-01-01

    Patients with advanced or recurrent cervical cancer have poor prognosis, and their 1-year survival is only 10%-20%. Chemotherapy is considered as the standard treatment for patients with advanced or recurrent cervical cancer, and cisplatin appears to treat the disease effectively. However, resistance to cisplatin may develop, thus substantially compromising the efficacy of cisplatin to treat advanced or recurrent cervical cancer. In this article, we systematically review the recent literature and summarize the recent advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying cisplatin resistance in cervical cancer.

  1. The natural history and clinical syndromes of degenerative cervical spondylosis.

    LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

    Kelly, John C

    2012-01-01

    Cervical spondylosis is a broad term which describes the age related chronic disc degeneration, which can also affect the cervical vertebrae, the facet and other joints and their associated soft tissue supports. Evidence of spondylitic change is frequently found in many asymptomatic adults. Radiculopathy is a result of intervertebral foramina narrowing. Narrowing of the spinal canal can result in spinal cord compression, ultimately resulting in cervical spondylosis myelopathy. This review article examines the current literature in relation to the cervical spondylosis and describes the three clinical syndromes of axial neck pain, cervical radiculopathy and cervical myelopathy.

  2. Features of bacterial-mycotic dysbiosis in women with high oncogenic risk human papillomavirus suffering from cervicitis, erosion and cervical dysplasia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Al Kasi Мae Ghazi

    2014-08-01

    Full Text Available Aim. A possible relationship between the uterine neck dysplasia and vaginal microbiocenosis has been subject for broad discussions for many years. Hence, research devoted to the study of the problem of cervical lesions, in particular the progression of cervicitis, cervical erosion and cervical dysplasia depending on the ratio of obligate, opportunistic pathogenic and pathogenic microorganisms is of particular importance and relevance today. Methods and results. To address the problem, we have conducted a complete examination and studied the peculiarities of the opportunistic and pathogenic microfl ora spectrum in the urogenital tract microbiota in case of 120 female patients of reproductive age suffering from cervicitis, cervical erosion or cervical dysplasia on the background of Papilloma Viral Infection. The control group included 30 apparently healthy women. Conclusion. It was set, that dysbiosis forms in 52,1% women, in this 38,8% patients have moderate and 13,3% patients have severe dysbiosis. Anaerobic type of dysbiosis was verifi ed in 22,9% women and in 29,2% it was mixed aerobic-anaerobic type. Gardnerella vaginalis/Prevotella bivia/Porphiromonas spp., Eubacterium spp., Megasphaera spp./Veilonella spp./Dialister spp., Peptostreptococcus spp. were prevalent urogenital microbiota. Ureaplasma (urealiticum parva was verifi ed in 23,8% patients and diagnostically meaningful it was in 20,0%, Candida spp. was 64,6 and 54,6% accordingly.

  3. El conocimiento de profesionales de la salud sobre la prevención del cáncer cervical. Alternativas de educación médica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Arillo-Santillán Edna

    2000-01-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Evaluar el nivel de conocimientos que diversos tipos de profesionales de la salud tienen sobre la prevención del cáncer cervical. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio transversal entre 520 profesionales de la salud del estado de Morelos durante 1998, para evaluar y cuantificar el nivel de conocimientos que poseen en relación con el impacto, la etiología, el tamizaje, el diagnóstico y el tratamiento del cáncer cervicouterino. Se aplicó un cuestionario con escala de 1 a 10, y la muestra incluyó a especialistas en medicina familiar, especialistas de áreas clínicas, enfermeras especialistas y generales, así como trabajadoras sociales. El análisis estadístico incluyó análisis de varianza y estimación de intervalos de confianza al 95%. RESULTADOS: La media del nivel de conocimiento acerca de la prevención del cáncer cervicouterino fue de 4.74, con un intervalo de confianza (IC al 95% de 4.57-4.88, en una escala máxima de 10. La mayor diferencia en el índice de conocimiento acerca de el diagnóstico, la prevención y el tratamiento del cáncer cervical se observó entre los médicos de especialidades clínicas ( o = 5.21, IC95% 4.81-5.60, en comparación con las trabajadoras sociales ( o = 3.07, IC95% 2.31-3.82. En la mayoría de los casos, la periodicidad con la que una mujer debe hacerse la prueba de Papanicolaou se postula menor a un año, y existe un pobre consenso en relación con el periodo de edad en que debe obtenerse dicha prueba. El nivel de conocimientos es menor conforme se tratan de identificar aspectos etiológicos y perspectivas de tratamiento. CONCLUSIONES: La educación médica continua es necesaria para el desarrollo óptimo de un programa de detección oportuna de cáncer cervical. Los resultados del estudio en el estado de Morelos revelan que, además de mejorar los programas académicos de formación de pregrado, es necesario incrementar las intervenciones educativas entre los profesionales de

  4. Early detection of cervical cancer with visual inspection methods: a summary of completed and on-going studies in India Detección oportuna de cáncer cervical con métodos de inspección visual: un resumen de estudios en India

    OpenAIRE

    R Sankaranarayanan; BM Nene; K Dinshaw; R Rajkumar; S Shastri; R Wesley; P Basu; R Sharma; S Thara; A Budukh; DM Parkin

    2003-01-01

    India is a high-risk country for cervical cancer which accounts a quarter (126 000 new cases, 71 000 deaths around 2 000) of the world burden. The age-standardized incidence rates range from 16-55 per 100 000 women in different regions with particularly high rates in rural areas. Control of cervical cancer by early detection and treatment is a priority of the National Cancer Control Programme of India. There are no organized cytology screening programmes in the country. The technical and fina...

  5. REVISIÓN DE LAS EXPERIENCIAS EN EL TRATAMIENTO DE AGUAS RESIDUALES DOMÉSTICAS MEDIANTE REACTORES UASB EN COCHABAMBA-BOLIVIA COMPARADAS CON LAS DE LATINOAMÉRICA, INDIA Y EUROPA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vanessa Gandarillas R.

    2017-06-01

    Full Text Available El proceso de tratamiento anaeróbico es cada vez más reconocido como opción viable para la protección del medio ambiente y la conservación de los recursos y representa, combinado con otros métodos adecuados, un sistema de tratamiento de aguas residuales sostenible y apropiado para los países en vías de desarrollo. El tratamiento anaeróbico de aguas residuales se está utilizando con éxito en los países tropicales desde la década de los 80, y con resultados alentadores en las regiones subtropicales y templadas. En este estudio se revisan las principales características del tratamiento de aguas residuales domésticas, con énfasis en el Reactor Anaeróbico de Mantos de Lodos de Flujo Ascendente (RALF o Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB de su sigla en inglés. Se revisaron las aplicaciones del proceso UASB en Europa, Asia y las Américas. En Latino América y en particular en Bolivia el uso de esta tecnología ha incrementado considerablemente debido a la pequeña demanda de terreno requerida para su implementación y a sus atractivos costos de inversión y operación. La revisión mostró, en base a la experiencia de operación de distintas plantas de tratamiento ubicadas en los valles de Cochabamba, que los reactores anaerobios de mantos de lodos de flujo ascendente apropiadamente diseñados, son adecuados para el tratamiento de aguas residuales domésticas en las regiones de los valles y llanos de Bolivia debido a que presentan condiciones ambientales que hacen que el uso de esta biotecnología anaerobia sea favorable bajo la perspectiva del desarrollo sostenible.

  6. Is magnification necessary to confirm visual inspection of cervical abnormalities? A randomized trial in Peru ¿Es necesaria la amplificación para confirmar los resultados de la inspección visual de alteraciones cervicouterinas? Ensayo aleatorizado en Perú

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jennifer L. Winkler

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVES: Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among women in developing countries. This study was designed to evaluate whether visual inspection with acetic acid and magnification (VIAM improved confirmation of cervical lesions as compared to confirmation with visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA without magnification when used by physicians. METHODS: From April-December 2004, women in San Martin, Peru, who were referred as VIA-positive by an "obstetriz" (a professional midwife with 6 years of university training were randomized into two groups for confirmatory screening by a physician using either VIA or VIAM with an AviScope,TM a hand-held 4x magnification scope with a green light source. The reference standard for the presence or absence of cervical neoplasia was colposcopy and directed biopsy, as required. RESULTS: A total of 358 women participated in the study; 161 had a confirmatory examination with VIAM and 159 with VIA. Sensitivity for low- or high-grade lesions was 68% with VIA and 77% with VIAM, and specificity was 62% with VIA and 63% with VIAM; however, these differences were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: For settings where physician confirmation of cervical abnormalities identified through visual inspection is required and available, this study demonstrates that VIAM had no significant advantage over VIA.OBJETIVOS:En los países en desarrollo, el cáncer cervicouterino es la principal causa de muerte por cáncer en mujeres. Este estudio se diseñó para determinar si se puede mejorar la confirmación de lesiones cervicouterinas con la inspección visual con ácido acético y amplificación (VIAM en comparación con la inspección visual con ácido acético (VIA sin amplificación, cuando ambas las realizan médicos generales. MÉTODOS:Las mujeres de San Martín, Perú, con diagnóstico positivo mediante VIA realizado por una obstetriz (enfermera graduada con seis años de entrenamiento

  7. Cervical cancer screening in the Faroe Islands.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hammer, Turið; Lynge, Elsebeth; Djurhuus, Gisela W; Joensen, John E; Køtlum, Jóanis E; Hansen, Sæunn Ó; Sander, Bente B; Mogensen, Ole; Rebolj, Matejka

    2015-02-01

    The Faroe Islands have had nationally organised cervical cancer screening since 1995. Women aged 25-60 years are invited every third year. Participation is free of charge. Although several European overviews on cervical screening are available, none have included the Faroe Islands. Our aim was to provide the first description of cervical cancer screening, and to determine the screening history of women diagnosed with cervical cancer in the Faroe Islands. Screening data from 1996 to 2012 were obtained from the Diagnostic Centre at the National Hospital of the Faroe Islands. They included information on cytology and HPV testing whereas information on histology was not registered consistently. Process indicators were calculated, including coverage rate, excess smears, proportion of abnormal cytological samples, and frequency of HPV testing. Data on cervical cancer cases were obtained from the Faroese Ministry of Health Affairs. The analysis of the screening history was undertaken for cases diagnosed in 2000-2010. A total of 52 457 samples were taken in 1996-2012. Coverage varied between 67% and 81% and was 71% in 2012. Excess smears decreased after 1999. At present, 7.0% of samples have abnormal cytology. Of all ASCUS samples, 76-95% were tested for HPV. A total of 58% of women diagnosed with cervical cancer did not participate in screening prior to their diagnosis, and 32% had normal cytology in the previous four years. Despite the difficult geographical setting, the organised cervical cancer screening programme in the Faroe Islands has achieved a relatively high coverage rate. Nevertheless, challenges, e.g. consistent histology registration and sending reminders, still exist.

  8. Odontogenic cervical necrotizing fasciitis, etiological aspects ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Introduction: Cervical necrotizing fasciitis is a rare but very severe infection that affects the soft‑tissues of the cephalic extremity. Cervical necrotizing fasciitis most frequently occurs secondarily to inflammatory odontogenic disorders and represents the most severe infection of maxillofacial spaces, with a high lethal potential.

  9. THE SIGNIFICANCE OF ANTISPERM ANTIBODIES FOR SPERM - CERVICAL-MUCUS INTERACTION

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    KREMER, J; JAGER, S

    An overview is presented of the effects of antisperm antibodies on the sperm - cervical mucus interaction. Antisperm IgA on spermatozoa or in cervical mucus can severely inhibit sperm penetration of cervical mucus and migration through it. Disturbance of the sperm - cervical mucus interaction is the

  10. Cervical facet joint dysfunction: a review.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kirpalani, Dhiruj; Mitra, Raj

    2008-04-01

    To review the relevant literature on cervical facet joint dysfunction and determine findings regarding its anatomy, etiology, prevalence, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment. A computer-aided search of several databases was performed, including Medline (1966 to present), Ovid (1966 to present), and the Cochrane database (1993 to present). Selected articles had the following criteria: (1) all articles analyzed cervical facet joint pain-anatomy, prevalence, etiology, diagnosis, treatment; (2) only full, published articles were studied, not abstracts; and (3) all articles were published in English. All articles were critically evaluated and included the following categories: randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, uncontrolled clinical trials, uncontrolled comparison studies, nonquantitative systematic reviews, and literature-based reviews. We examined 45 references that consisted of 44 journal articles and relevant sections from 1 textbook. Cervical facet joints have been well established in the literature as a common nociceptive pain generator, with an estimated prevalence that ranges from 25% to 66% of chronic axial neck pain. No studies have reported clinical examination findings that are diagnostic for cervical facet mediated pain. Overall the literature provides very limited information regarding the treatment of this condition, with only radiofrequency neurotomy showing evidence of effectively reducing pain from cervical facet joint dysfunction.

  11. Human vagus nerve branching in the cervical region.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Niels Hammer

    Full Text Available Vagus nerve stimulation is increasingly applied to treat epilepsy, psychiatric conditions and potentially chronic heart failure. After implanting vagus nerve electrodes to the cervical vagus nerve, side effects such as voice alterations and dyspnea or missing therapeutic effects are observed at different frequencies. Cervical vagus nerve branching might partly be responsible for these effects. However, vagus nerve branching has not yet been described in the context of vagus nerve stimulation.Branching of the cervical vagus nerve was investigated macroscopically in 35 body donors (66 cervical sides in the carotid sheath. After X-ray imaging for determining the vertebral levels of cervical vagus nerve branching, samples were removed to confirm histologically the nerve and to calculate cervical vagus nerve diameters and cross-sections.Cervical vagus nerve branching was observed in 29% of all cases (26% unilaterally, 3% bilaterally and proven histologically in all cases. Right-sided branching (22% was more common than left-sided branching (12% and occurred on the level of the fourth and fifth vertebra on the left and on the level of the second to fifth vertebra on the right side. Vagus nerves without branching were significantly larger than vagus nerves with branches, concerning their diameters (4.79 mm vs. 3.78 mm and cross-sections (7.24 mm2 vs. 5.28 mm2.Cervical vagus nerve branching is considerably more frequent than described previously. The side-dependent differences of vagus nerve branching may be linked to the asymmetric effects of the vagus nerve. Cervical vagus nerve branching should be taken into account when identifying main trunk of the vagus nerve for implanting electrodes to minimize potential side effects or lacking therapeutic benefits of vagus nerve stimulation.

  12. Large scale study of HPV genotypes in cervical cancer and different cytological cervical specimens in Thailand.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chansaenroj, Jira; Junyangdikul, Pairoj; Chinchai, Teeraporn; Swangvaree, Sukumarn; Karalak, Anant; Gemma, Nobuhiro; Poovorawan, Yong

    2014-04-01

    Identification of high-risk HPV genotypes in patients is essential for vaccination and prevention programs while the geographic distribution of cervical cancer varies widely. HPV 16 is the major cause of cervical cancer followed by HPV 18, HPV 31, HPV 52, or HPV 58 depending on geographic area. In this study, the distribution of HPV genotypes in cervical specimens from women living in Thailand was analyzed by HPV testing with electrochemical DNA chip and PCR direct sequencing. The 716 specimens were grouped according to their cytological grades; 100 normal, 100 low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, 100 high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, and 416 specimens of cervical cancer. The results showed that HPV 16, HPV 18, HPV 52, and HPV 58 are the most common HPV genotypes in Thailand, respectively. With respect to age, women below the age of 26 years were almost negative for high-risk HPV DNA exclusively. Conversely, high prevalence of high-risk HPV DNA and abnormal cytology were usually found in women between 26 and 45 years while cervical cancer was detected mainly in women above the age of 45 years. To increase protection efficiency, a vaccine including HPV 52 and HPV 58 should be offered to Asian women, and primary HPV screening should start at 26-30 years of age. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  13. Thiazolidinediones abrogate cervical cancer growth

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Wuertz, Beverly R., E-mail: knier003@umn.edu; Darrah, Lindsay, E-mail: ldarrah@obgynmn.com; Wudel, Justin, E-mail: drwudel@drwudel.com; Ondrey, Frank G., E-mail: ondre002@umn.edu

    2017-04-15

    Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR γ) is activated by thiazolidinedione drugs (TZDs) and can promote anti-cancer properties. We used three TZDs (pioglitazone, rosiglitazone, and ciglitazone) to target cervical cancer cell lines and a nude mouse animal model. Each agent increased activation of PPAR γ, as judged by a luciferase reporter gene assay in three HPV-associated cell lines (CaSki, SiHa, and HeLa cells) while decreasing cellular proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. They also promoted Oil Red O accumulation in treated cell lines and upregulated the lipid differentiation marker adipsin. Interestingly, xenograft HeLa tumors in nude mice treated with 100 mg/kg/day pioglitazone exhibited decreased growth compared to control mice or mice treated with standard cervical chemotherapy. In conclusion, TZDs slow tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo with decreases in cell proliferation and increases in PPAR γ and adipsin. These agents may be interesting treatments or treatment adjuncts for HPV-associated cancers or perhaps even precancerous conditions. - Highlights: • Thiazolidinediones decreases cervical cancer proliferation. • Pioglitazone increases cervical cancer differentiation. • Pioglitazone decreases tumor growth in mice. • Pioglitazone may be a useful treatment adjunct.

  14. Myelopathy hand in cervical radiculopathy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hosono, Noboru; Mukai, Yoshihiro; Takenaka, Shota; Fuji, Takeshi; Sakaura, Hironobu; Miwa, Toshitada; Makino, Takahiro

    2010-01-01

    The so-called 'myelopathy hand', or characteristic finger paralysis, often recognized in cervical compression myelopathy, has been considered a unique manifestation of cervical myelopathy. We used our original grip and release test, a 15-second test in which finger motion is captured with a digital camera, to investigate whether cervical radiculopathy has the same characteristics as myelopathy hand. Thirty patients with pure radiculopathy, id est (i.e.), who had radiating arm pain and evidence of corresponding nerve root impingement on X-ray images or MRI scans, but did not have spinal cord compression, served as the subjects. In contrast to other radiculopathies, C7 radiculopathy was manifested by a significant reduction in the number of finger motion cycles on the affected side in comparison with the unaffected side, the same as in myelopathy hand. Uncoordinated finger motion was significantly more frequent on the affected side in C6 radiculopathy than on the unaffected side. These findings contradict the conventional notion that myelopathy hand is a unique manifestation of cervical myelopathy, but some radiculopathies manifested the same kinds of finger paralysis observed in myelopathy hand. (author)

  15. Cervical cancer, a disease of poverty: mortality differences between urban and rural areas in Mexico Cáncer cervical, una enfermedad de la pobreza: diferencias en la mortalidad por áreas urbanas y rurales en México

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lina Sofía Palacio-Mejía

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: To examine cervical cancer mortality rates in Mexican urban and rural communities, and their association with poverty-related factors, during 1990-2000. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We analyzed data from national databases to obtain mortality trends and regional variations using a Poisson regression model based on location (urban-rural. RESULTS: During 1990-2000 a total of 48 761 cervical cancer (CC deaths were reported in Mexico (1990=4 280 deaths/year; 2000=4 620 deaths/year. On average, 12 women died every 24 hours, with 0.76% yearly annual growth in CC deaths. Women living in rural areas had 3.07 higher CC mortality risks compared to women with urban residence. Comparison of state CC mortality rates (reference=Mexico City found higher risk in states with lower socio-economic development (Chiapas, relative risk [RR]=10.99; Nayarit, RR=10.5. Predominantly rural states had higher CC mortality rates compared to Mexico City (lowest rural population. CONCLUSIONS: CC mortality is associated with poverty-related factors, including lack of formal education, unemployment, low socio-economic level, rural residence and insufficient access to healthcare. This indicates the need for eradication of regional differences in cancer detection.OBJETIVO: Analizar las tasas de mortalidad por cáncer cervicouterino en las poblaciones urbanas y rurales de las regiones y entidades federativas de México, y su relación con factores relacionados con la pobreza, durante el periodo de 1990 a 2000. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se analizaron las bases de datos de población del Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática, las estimaciones de población del Consejo Nacional de Población para el periodo de 1990 a 2000 y las Estadísticas Vitales de Mortalidad registradas por la Secretaría de Salud y el Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática. Estos datos fueron analizados para obtener tendencias de mortalidad, y se obtuvieron

  16. EXPRESSION OF HPV 16 AND 18 IN CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA

    OpenAIRE

    Kodali Venkataramana; Prasad Usha

    2017-01-01

    BACKGROUND Cervical cancer is by far the most common human papilloma virus related disease. Nearly, all cases of cervical cancer can be attributable to human papilloma virus infection. Infection with the human papilloma virus is the main risk factors for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer especially the high-risk types. The aim of the study is to study the prevalence of high-risk human papilloma virus 16 and 18 in various grades of cervical intraepithelia...

  17. Cervical column morphology and craniofacial profiles in monozygotic twins.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sonnesen, Liselotte; Pallisgaard, Carsten; Kjaer, Inger

    2008-02-01

    Previous studies have described the relationships between cervical column morphology and craniofacial morphology. The aims of the present study were to describe cervical column morphology in 38 pairs of adult monozygotic (MZ) twins, and compare craniofacial morphology in twins with fusions with craniofacial morphology in twins without fusion. Visual assessment of cervical column morphology and cephalometric measurements of craniofacial morphology were performed on profile radiographs. In the cervical column, fusion between corpora of the second and third vertebrae was registered as fusion. In the twin group, 8 twin pairs had fusion of the cervical column in both individuals within the pair (sub-group A), 25 pairs had no fusions (subgroup B), and in 5 pairs, cervical column morphology was different within the pair (subgroup C), as one twin had fusion and the other did not. Comparison of craniofacial profiles showed a tendency to increased jaw retrognathia, larger cranial base angle, and larger mandibular inclination in subgroup A than in subgroup B. The same tendency was observed within subgroup C between the individual twins with fusion compared with those without fusion. These results confirm that cervical fusions and craniofacial morphology may be interrelated in twins when analysed on profile radiographs. The study also documents that differences in cervical column morphology can occur in individuals within a pair of MZ twins. It illustrates that differences in craniofacial morphology between individuals within a pair of MZ twins can be associated with cervical fusion.

  18. Cervical Cancer Screening with HPV Test

    Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

    Dr. Stewart Massad, a professor in the Division of Gynecologic Oncology at Washington University in Saint Louis and a board member of the American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Cancer Prevention (ASCCP), talks about cotesting with human papillomavirus (HPV) as part of a cervical cancer screening program.

  19. KYSTE THYMIQUE CERVICAL CERVICAL THYMIC CYST

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    tic est souvent de découverte histologique après l'examen de la pièce opératoire. Nous rapportons un cas de kyste thymique cervical et nous exposons les particularités em- bryologiques, cliniques et thérapeutiques de cette entité pathologique. OBSERVATION CLINIQUE. Il s'agit d'une patiente, âgée de sept ans, qui nous ...

  20. Ultrasonographic Features of Tuberculous Cervical Lymphadenitis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Chen-Han Chou

    2014-09-01

    Full Text Available Making an accurate diagnosis of tuberculous cervical lymphadenitis (TCL has been a problem to clinicians because it is a versatile masquerader and is often confused with lymphomas or cervical metastases. Ultrasound (US has advantages over other examination modalities in that it is noninvasive, inexpensive, time-saving, and able to guide procedures such as fine-needle aspiration and core-needle biopsy. It is increasingly being recognized as a primary tool for the evaluation of cervical lymph nodes. In this article, we present six cases with microscopically and/or pathologically confirmed TCL and illustrate the US features. A literature review was also conducted. The key US features of TCL include hypoechogenecity, strong internal echoes, echogenic thin layers, nodal matting, soft tissue changes, and displaced hilar vascularity. US is a reliable and effective tool in assessing cervical lymphadenopathies. When TCL is suspected under US, US-guided procedures such as fine-needle aspiration or core-needle biopsy can be conducted concomitantly to obtain the microscopic or pathological proof.

  1. Cervical myelography with iohexol in horses

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Fialho, S. A.G.; Graca, D. L.; Silva, A.M. da; Pellegrine, L.C. de; Oliveira, L. S.S. de; Lopes, S. T.D.A.

    1989-08-15

    Five horses, weighing 337 to 400 kg, were used in this research, one of them being used as control. Cervical myelography with iohexol (Omnipaque) was performed on four horses tranquilized with flunitrazepan before induction of anesthesia with sodium thiopental. Anesthesia was maintained with fluothane and oxygen. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was analysed before and after an injection of ioxheol into the subarachnoid space. The animals received 25 to 50 ml of iohexol, after removal of 20 ml cerebrospinal fluid. Radiographies were taken with the horses at lateral recumbency, and the cranial, central and caudal regions of the cervical spine being focalized. No significant changes occurred in the cerebrospinal fluid after injecting the contrast medium. Pathologic changes were not found by gross or microscopic examination of the brain and the cervical spinal cord. Radiographies of good to excellent image quality were obtained. At autopsy, radiographic diagnosis of cervical vertebral instability was confirmed in the animal that had pelvic limb ataxia.

  2. Surgery for failed cervical spine reconstruction.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Helgeson, Melvin D; Albert, Todd J

    2012-03-01

    Review article. To review the indications, operative strategy, and complications of revision cervical spine reconstruction. With many surgeons expanding their indications for cervical spine surgery, the number of patients being treated operatively has increased. Unfortunately, the number of patients requiring revision procedures is also increasing, but very little literature exists reviewing changes in the indications or operative planning for revision reconstruction. Narrative and review of the literature. In addition to the well-accepted indications for primary cervical spine surgery (radiculopathy, myelopathy, instability, and tumor), we have used the following indications for revision surgery: pseudarthrosis, adjacent segment degeneration, inadequate decompression, iatrogenic instability, and deformity. Our surgical goal for pseudarthrosis is obviously to obtain a fusion, which can usually be performed with an approach not done previously. Our surgical goals for instability and deformity are more complex, with a focus on decompression of any neurologic compression, correction of deformity, and stability. Revision cervical spine reconstruction is safe and effective if performed for the appropriate indications and with proper planning.

  3. Cervical myelography with iohexol in horses

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Fialho, S.A.G.; Graca, D.L.; Silva, A.M. da; Pellegrine, L.C. de; Oliveira, L.S.S. de; Lopes, S.T.D.A.

    1989-01-01

    Five horses, weighing 337 to 400 kg, were used in this research, one of them being used as control. Cervical myelography with iohexol (Omnipaque) was performed on four horses tranquilized with flunitrazepan before induction of anesthesia with sodium thiopental. Anesthesia was maintained with fluothane and oxygen. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was analysed before and after an injection of ioxheol into the subarachnoid space. The animals received 25 to 50 ml of iohexol, after removal of 20 ml cerebrospinal fluid. Radiographies were taken with the horses at lateral recumbency, and the cranial, central and caudal regions of the cervical spine being focalized. No significant changes occurred in the cerebrospinal fluid after injecting the contrast medium. Pathologic changes were not found by gross or microscopic examination of the brain and the cervical spinal cord. Radiographies of good to excellent image quality were obtained. At autopsy, radiographic diagnosis of cervical vertebral instability was confirmed in the animal that had pelvic limb ataxia

  4. Focal hypermobility observed in cervical arthroplasty with Mobi-C.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kerferd, Jack William; Abi-Hanna, David; Phan, Kevin; Rao, Prashanth; Mobbs, Ralph J

    2017-12-01

    In recent decades cervical arthroplasty, or cervical disc replacement, has been steadily increasing in popularity as a procedure for the treatment of degenerative pathologies of the cervical spine. This is based on an evolving body of literature that documents superior outcomes in cervical disc replacement over fusion, for both single and double level pathologies, in well selected patients. One of the more recent and popular implants currently on the market is the Mobi-C cervical artificial disc (LDR Medical; Troyes, France). In this paper we report on two cases where focal hypermobility was observed following total disc replacement using the Mobi-C cervical artificial disc. This is followed by a discussion as to potential contributing factors to this hypermobility in relation to both implant design, and operative technique, suggesting potential changes that might prevent this in future patients.

  5. HPV genotypes in invasive cervical cancer in Danish women

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Kirschner, Benny; Junge, Jette; Holl, Katsiaryna

    2013-01-01

    Human papillomavirus (HPV) genotype distribution in invasive cervical cancers may differ by geographic region. The primary objective of this study was to estimate HPV-genotype distribution in Danish women with a diagnosis of invasive cervical cancer.......Human papillomavirus (HPV) genotype distribution in invasive cervical cancers may differ by geographic region. The primary objective of this study was to estimate HPV-genotype distribution in Danish women with a diagnosis of invasive cervical cancer....

  6. Cervical spine injury in the elderly: imaging features

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ehara, S. [Dept. of Radiology, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Morioka (Japan); Shimamura, Tadashi [Dept. of Orthopedic Surgery, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Morioka (Japan)

    2001-01-01

    An increase in the elderly population has resulted in an increased incidence of cervical spine injury in this group. No specific type of cervical spine trauma is seen in the elderly, although dens fractures are reported to be common. Hyperextension injuries due to falling and the resultant central cord syndrome in the mid and lower cervical segments due to decreased elasticity as a result of spondylosis may be also characteristic. The imaging features of cervical spine injury are often modified by associated spondylosis deformans, DISH and other systemic disorders. The value of MR imaging in such cases is emphasized. (orig.)

  7. Estudio comparativo de la pérdida de vitamina C en chalarina (Casimiroa edulis por cuatro métodos de deshidratación

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Judith Castañeda

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar la pérdida de vitamina C de la chalarina después de aplicar cuatro métodos de deshidratación: deshidratación osmótica a vacío combinada con secado convectivo, secado convectivo, deshidratación osmótica a vacío combinada con liofilización, y liofilización. La chalarina fresca fue acondicionada en forma de cubos de 1 cm de arista; se determinó el contenido de vitamina C y otras propiedades químicas de la pulpa. Los polvos obtenidos fueron caracterizados: contenido de vitamina C, contenido de humedad, aw, densidad, ángulo de fluencia y compresibilidad. La pulpa de chalarina fresca presentó un contenido de vitamina C de 29.75 mg/100g. La deshidratación osmótica a vacío redujo este contenido hasta 15.75 mg/100g, que combinado con secado convectivo se llega a 9.31 mg/100g; en tanto, combinado con liofilización se obtuvo 14.98 mg/100g. Aplicando sólo secado convectivo se obtuvo 7.05 mg de vitaminaC/100g de polvo de chalarina, mientras que aplicando sólo liofilización se obtuvo 23.63 mg/100g. Se concluye que el polvo obtenido por deshidratación osmótica a vacío-secado convectivo presenta mejores características fisicoquímicas que los polvos obtenidos con los otros métodos de deshidratación.

  8. Gynecologic examination and cervical biopsies after (chemo) radiation for cervical cancer to identify patients eligible for salvage surgery

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Nijhuis, Esther R.; Zee, Ate G.J. van der; Hout, Bertha A. in 't; Boomgaard, Jantine J.; Hullu, Joanne A. de; Pras, Elisabeth; Hollema, Harry; Aalders, Jan G.; Nijman, Hans W.; Willemse, Pax H.B.; Mourits, Marian J.E.

    2006-01-01

    Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate efficacy of gynecologic examination under general anesthesia with cervical biopsies after (chemo) radiation for cervical cancer to identify patients with residual disease who may benefit from salvage surgery. Methods and Materials: In a retrospective cohort study data of all cervical cancer patients with the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) Stage IB1 to IVA treated with (chemo) radiation between 1994 and 2001 were analyzed. Patients underwent gynecologic examination under anesthesia 8 to 10 weeks after completion of treatment. Cervical biopsy samples were taken from patients judged to be operable. In case of residual cancer, salvage surgery was performed. Results: Between 1994 and 2001, 169 consecutive cervical cancer patients received primary (chemo) radiation, of whom 4 were lost to follow-up. Median age was 56 years (interquartile range [IQR], 44-71) and median follow-up was 3.5 years (IQR, 1.5-5.9). In each of 111 patients a biopsy sample was taken, of which 90 (81%) showed no residual tumor. Vital tumor cells were found in 21 of 111 patients (19%). Salvage surgery was performed in 13 of 21 (62%) patients; of these patients, 5 (38%) achieved long-term, complete remission after salvage surgery (median follow-up, 5.2 years; range, 3.9-8.8 years). All patients with residual disease who did not undergo operation (8/21) died of progressive disease. Locoregional control was more often obtained in patients who underwent operation (7 of 13) than in patients who were not selected for salvage surgery (0 of 8 patients) (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Gynecologic examination under anesthesia 8 to 10 weeks after (chemo) radiation with cervical biopsies allows identification of those cervical cancer patients who have residual local disease, of whom a small but significant proportion may be salvaged by surgery

  9. Design and methods of the evaluation of an HPV-based cervical cancer screening strategy in Mexico: the Morelos HPV study Diseño y métodos de la evaluación del uso de la prueba de virus de papiloma humano para tamizaje de cáncer cervical en México: el estudio de VPH en Morelos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yvonne Flores

    2002-07-01

    enrollment activities of the Morelos HPV study are the basis for a prevalent case-control study and a prospective cohort study that will investigate the natural history of HPV infections and determine if an HPV-based screening strategy is a safe and cost-effective alternative to Pap screening.Objetivo. Describir los métodos y el diseño del Estudio de VPH en Morelos. El objetivo principal de este estudio es examinar el uso de dos diferentes técnicas para obtener muestras de ADN de VPH, autotoma vaginal y toma clínica cervical, para detectar lesiones cervicales preinvasoras y cáncer. Material y métodos. Este estudio se realizó en el marco del Programa de Detección Oportuna de Cáncer Cervical (DOC del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS en Morelos. Un total de 7 868 mujeres aceptaron participar en el estudio durante los meses de mayo a octubre de 1999. Esta muestra es representativa de la población de mujeres que acudieron a los programas de DOC en las 23 clínicas del IMSS en Morelos durante ese año. Se les proporcionó una explicación detallada del estudio a las participantes antes de que firmaran una carta de consentimiento informado. Se obtuvo información básica de todas las participantes y se usó el formato oficial de registro de datos del programa institucional de DOC del IMSS. Además se seleccionó una submuestra aleatoria de 1 069 participantes que fueron entrevistadas durante su visita inicial para obtener información adicional sobre los factores de riesgo de cáncer cervical, aceptabilidad de las pruebas de Papanicolaou (Pap y VPH-autotoma, y los costos de las pacientes. Todas las participantes se tomaron una muestra de exudado vaginal para la prueba de VPH-autotoma. Posteriormente, se les realizó una exploración pélvica para obtener muestras cervicales para las pruebas de VPH-clínica y Pap. Se evaluó la información de 7 732 mujeres con resultados completos de las tres pruebas. A las 1 147 mujeres que recibieron un diagnóstico positivo

  10. Anestesia para tratamento intraparto extra-útero em feto com diagnóstico pré-natal de higroma na região cervical: relato de caso Anestesia para tratamiento intraparto extraútero en feto con diagnóstico prenatal de higroma en la región cervical: relato de caso Anesthesia for ex utero intrapartum treatment of fetus with prenatal diagnosis of cervical hygroma: case report

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Angélica de Fátima de Assunção Braga

    2006-06-01

    ós-operatória. CONCLUSÕES: As principais recomendações para a realização do EXIT são segurança materno-fetal, relaxamento uterino para manutenção do seu volume, da circulação útero-placentária e imobilidade fetal para facilitar o manuseio das vias aéreas.JUSTIFICATIVA Y OBJETIVOS: El tratamiento intraparto extraútero (EXIT constituye un procedimiento realizado durante la cesária, con preservación de la circulación feto-placentaria, que permite el manejo seguro de la vía aérea del feto, con riesgo de obstrucción de las vías aéreas. El objetivo de este relato fue el de presentar un caso de anestesia para EXIT, en feto con higroma cístico en la región cervical. RELATO DEL CASO: Paciente con 22 años, 37 semanas de gestación, sin antecedentes anestésicos, estado físico ASA I, sometida a EXIT para manejo de vía aérea e intubación traqueal en feto con riesgo para obstrucción de vías aéreas. El procedimiento se realizó bajo anestesia general asociada a peridural continua. En el preoperatorio fueron utilizados metoclopramida (10 mg y ranitidina (50 mg, por vía venosa. En el espacio peridural se administró bupivacaína a 0,25% con adrenalina (30 mg asociada a fentanil (100 µg, seguida de la introducción de catéter cefálico, para analgesia postoperatoria. El útero fue desplazado para la izquierda. La inducción anestésica se hizo en secuencia rápida, con fentanil, propofol y rocuronio y el mantenimiento con isoflurano en 2,5% a 3%, en O2 y N2O (50%. Después de la histerotomía, se procedió a la liberación parcial del feto, asegurando la circulación útero placentaria, siguiendo las maniobras de laringoscopia e intubación traqueal fetal. A continuación se realizó la liberación total del feto, con pinzamiento del cordón umbilical, administración de ocitocina (20 UI en infusión venosa continua seguida de metil-ergonovina (0,2 mg por vía venosa. Durante el procedimiento, la presión arterial sistólica materna se mantuvo por encima de 100 mm

  11. Relationship between cervical vertebral maturation and mandibular growth.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ball, Gina; Woodside, Donald; Tompson, Bryan; Hunter, W Stuart; Posluns, James

    2011-05-01

    The cervical vertebrae have been proposed as a method of determining biologic maturity. The purposes of this study were to establish a pattern of mandibular growth and to relate this pattern to the stages of cervical vertebral maturation. Cephalometric radiographs, taken annually from ages 9 to 18 years, were evaluated for 90 boys from the Burlington Growth Center, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Mandibular lengths were measured from articulare to gnathion, and incremental growth was determined. Cervical vertebral maturation stages were assessed by using a 6-stage method. Advanced, average, and delayed maturation groups were established. The prepubertal mandibular growth minimum velocity occurred during cervical stages 1 through 4 (P = 0.7327). Peak mandibular growth velocity occurred most frequently during stage 4 in all 3 maturation groups, with a statistical difference in the average and delayed groups (P cervical stages 1 through 6 does not occur annually; time spent in each stage varies depending on the stage and the maturation group. Cervical vertebral maturation stages cannot accurately identify the mandibular prepubertal growth minimum and therefore cannot predict the onset of the peak in mandibular growth. The cervical vertebral maturation stages should be used with other methods of biologic maturity assessment when considering both dentofacial orthopedic treatment and orthognathic surgery. Copyright © 2011 American Association of Orthodontists. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

  12. Variantes histológicas y factores pronósticos del carcinoma papilar de tiroides en el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología de Colombia, 2006-2012

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    Alfredo Romero-Rojas

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available Introducción. El cáncer de tiroides es la neoplasia más común y el subtipo papilar es el más frecuente; hay factores histológicos y clínicos asociados con un mayor riesgo de recidiva y metástasis. Objetivo. Examinar las características histológicas, clínicas y de pronóstico de los carcinomas papilares de tiroides diagnosticados en el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología de Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio de cohorte retrospectiva que incluyó a 619 pacientes con carcinoma papilar de tiroides entre 2006 y 2012; se analizaron las características sociodemográficas, histológicas, de pronóstico y clínicas. Resultados. El 87,7% de casos correspondió a mujeres. La presencia de dos o más variantes histológicas en un mismo caso se consideró como una variante a la cual se denominó patrón combinado; esta fue la más frecuente (50,9 %, seguida de la variante folicular (23,4 %, incluidos los subtipos encapsulados o no encapsulado y la variante clásica (22,1 %. El promedio del tamaño tumoral fue de 20,8 mm. En más de la mitad de los casos se evidenció invasión capsular, invasión extratiroidea y metástasis en ganglios linfáticos. Comparados con otras variantes histológicas, los carcinomas con patrón combinado presentaron mayor riesgo de invasión de la cápsula tiroidea, de invasión extraganglionar y de metástasis. Conclusión. En muchos aspectos los resultados fueron similares a los reportados previamente; sin embargo, se encontró que la presencia del patrón combinado aumentaba el riesgo de invasión capsular, metástasis en nódulos linfoides y extensión extratiroidea en comparación con los que tenían una sola variante. Sería necesario hacer estudios acerca del mecanismo biológico de la diferenciación en células cancerosas con el fin de ahondar sobre este fenómeno.

  13. Chlamydia trachomatis infection and risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Lehtinen, Matti; Ault, Kevin A; Lyytikainen, Erika

    2011-01-01

    High-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) is the primary cause of cervical cancer. As Chlamydia trachomatis is also linked to cervical cancer, its role as a potential co-factor in the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 2 or higher was examined....

  14. The Burden of Clostridium difficile after Cervical Spine Surgery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Guzman, Javier Z; Skovrlj, Branko; Rothenberg, Edward S; Lu, Young; McAnany, Steven; Cho, Samuel K; Hecht, Andrew C; Qureshi, Sheeraz A

    2016-06-01

    Study Design Retrospective database analysis. Objective The purpose of this study is to investigate incidence, comorbidities, and impact on health care resources of Clostridium difficile infection after cervical spine surgery. Methods A total of 1,602,130 cervical spine surgeries from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database from 2002 to 2011 were included. Patients were included for study based on International Classification of Diseases Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification procedural codes for cervical spine surgery for degenerative spine diagnoses. Baseline patient characteristics were determined. Multivariable analyses assessed factors associated with increased incidence of C. difficile and risk of mortality. Results Incidence of C. difficile infection in postoperative cervical spine surgery hospitalizations is 0.08%, significantly increased since 2002 (p difficile infection were significantly increased in patients with comorbidities such as congestive heart failure, renal failure, and perivascular disease. Circumferential cervical fusion (odds ratio [OR] = 2.93, p difficile infection after degenerative cervical spine surgery. C. difficile infection after cervical spine surgery results in extended length of stay (p costs (p difficile after cervical spine surgery is nearly 8% versus 0.19% otherwise (p difficile to be a significant predictor of inpatient mortality (OR = 3.99, p difficile increases the risk of in-hospital mortality and costs approximately $6,830,695 per year to manage in patients undergoing elective cervical spine surgery. Patients with comorbidities such as renal failure or congestive heart failure have increased probability of developing infection after surgery. Accepted antibiotic guidelines in this population must be followed to decrease the risk of developing postoperative C. difficile colitis.

  15. Targeting mitochondrial respiration as a therapeutic strategy for cervical cancer.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tian, Shenglan; Chen, Heng; Tan, Wei

    2018-05-23

    Targeting mitochondrial respiration has been documented as an effective therapeutic strategy in cancer. However, the impact of mitochondrial respiration inhibition on cervical cancer cells are not well elucidated. Using a panel of cervical cancer cell lines, we show that an existing drug atovaquone is active against the cervical cancer cells with high profiling of mitochondrial biogenesis. Atovaquone inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis with varying efficacy among cervical cancer cell lines regardless of HPV infection, cellular origin and their sensitivity to paclitaxel. We further demonstrated that atovaquone acts on cervical cancer cells via inhibiting mitochondrial respiration. In particular, atovaquone specifically inhibited mitochondrial complex III but not I, II or IV activity, leading to respiration inhibition and energy crisis. Importantly, we found that the different sensitivity of cervical cancer cell lines to atovaquone were due to their differential level of mitochondrial biogenesis and dependency to mitochondrial respiration. In addition, we demonstrated that the in vitro observations were translatable to in vivo cervical cancer xenograft mouse model. Our findings suggest that the mitochondrial biogenesis varies among patients with cervical cancer. Our work also suggests that atovaquone is a useful addition to cervical cancer treatment, particularly to those with high dependency on mitochondrial respiration. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  16. Descrição de técnica de redução cirúrgica das luxações facetárias da coluna cervical baixa por via anterior Descripción de la técnica quirúrgica para reducción de las luxaciones facetarias de la columna cervical baja por acceso anterior Description of surgical technique for reduction of facet dislocations of the lower cervical spine by anterior approach

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    André Rafael Hübner

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available O trabalho descreve uma técnica cirúrgica de redução anterior das luxações facetárias da coluna cervical e discute as indicações para cirurgia por via anterior para as luxações da coluna cervical baixa. A técnica descrita neste artigo oferece excelentes resultados, conforme revisão bibliográfica e dos resultados do Serviço, tendo sido aplicada em até 95% dos casos de fraturas-luxações. Não será abordada a apresentação de resultados neste trabalho, apenas a descrição e discussão da técnica aberta por via anterior. Observações de quarenta e um pacientes tratados nos últimos dez anos por esta técnica demonstram bons resultados quanto a pós-operatório menos doloroso, recuperação funcional extremamente rápida e complicações pouco frequentes.El artículo describe una técnica quirúrgica para las luxaciones facetarias de la columna cervical y discute las indicaciones para la cirugía de luxación de la columna cervical baja por lo acceso anterior. La técnica descrita en este artículo proporciona excelentes resultados según la revisión de la literatura y los resultados del Servicio, después de haber sido aplicado a 95% de los casos de fracturas-luxaciones. No serán abordados resultados, sino que únicamente la descripción y discusión de la técnica de reducción abierta por acceso vía anterior. Las observaciones en cuarenta y un pacientes operados en los últimos diez años por esta técnica muestran resultados sorprendentes con respecto a un pos operatorio menos doloroso, con recuperación funcional extremadamente rápida y complicaciones menos frecuentes.This paper describes a surgical technique for anterior reduction of the spinal facets dislocations and discusses its indications for surgery of lower cervical dislocations by anterior approach. The technique described in this article provides excellent results according to literature review and the results of the Service, having been applied to 95% of

  17. Cáncer de lengua en un paciente con Alzheimer Lingual cancer in an Alzheimer patient

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Daniel Antunes Freitas

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available El cáncer bucal a nivel mundial se considera uno de los más incidentes en cabeza y cuello, y la lengua, la ubicación topográfica bucal más frecuente. Los principales factores de riesgo son: tabaquismo, alcoholismo, herencia y una higiene bucal inadecuada. Se reporta el caso de un hombre de 64 años de edad con hábitos tóxicos de tabaquismo y alcoholismo, y además deficiente higiene bucal. El paciente sufre enfermedad de Alzheimer y desarrolló en la lengua un carcinoma escamocelular con adenopatías cervicales metastásicas. El diagnóstico fue confirmado histopatológicamente. Se realizó glosectomía total y posterior radioterapia cervical. Se motivó a los familiares a mejorar la higiene bucal del paciente y actualmente se encuentra bajo control médico. Aunque no se puede asegurar que la aparición y desarrollo del cáncer bucal en este paciente fue debido al padecimiento de Alzheimer o a los demás factores de riesgo, si se contempló la posibilidad de convertirse este padecimiento neurológico en un factor predisponente para esta enfermedad.Oral cancer at world level is considered as one of the more incident in head and neck and the tongue is the more frequent topographical location. The main risk factors are the smoking, alcoholism, inheritance and a poor oral hygiene. The case of an Alzheimer male patient aged 64 with smoking, alcoholism and a poor oral hygiene and a lingual squamocellular carcinoma with metastatic cervical adenopathies. Diagnosis was confirmed by histology. A total glossectomy was carried out and later cervical radiotherapy was applied. Relate were instructed on a better oral hygiene of patient and nowadays is under medical control. Although it is impossible to assure that appearance and development of oral cancer in this patients were provoked by the Alzheimer' disease or to other risks factors if we take into account the possibility that this neurologic illness becomes a risk factor.

  18. Predictors of cervical lordosis loss after laminoplasty in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Jing Tao; Li, Jia Qi; Niu, Rui Jie; Liu, Zhao; Tong, Tong; Shen, Yong

    2017-04-01

    To determine whether radiological, clinical, and demographic findings in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) were independently associated with loss of cervical lordosis (LCL) after laminoplasty. The prospective study included 41 consecutive patients who underwent laminoplasty for CSM. The difference in C2-7 Cobb angle between the postoperative and preoperative films was used to evaluate change in cervical alignment. Age, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking history, preoperative C2-7 Cobb angle, T1 slope, C2-7 range of motion (C2-7 ROM), C2-7 sagittal vertical axis (C2-7 SVA), and cephalad vertebral level undergoing laminoplasty (CVLL) were assessed. Data were analyzed using Pearson and Spearman correlation test, and univariate and stepwise multivariate linear regression. T1 slope, C2-7 SVA, and CVLL significantly correlated with LCL (P < 0.001), whereas age, BMI, and preoperative C2-7 Cobb angle did not. In multiple linear regression analysis, higher T1 slope (B = 0.351, P = 0.037), greater C2-7 SVA (B = 0.393, P < 0.001), and starting laminoplasty at C4 level (B = - 7.038, P < 0.001) were significantly associated with higher postoperative LCL. Cervical alignment was compromised after laminoplasty in patients with CSM, and the degree of LCL was associated with preoperative T1 slope, C2-7 SVA, and CVLL.

  19. HPV 11, 16 and 18 DNA sequences in cervical swabs from women with cervical dysplasia: prevalence and associated risk of progression

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hørding, U.; Daugaard, S.; Bock, J.E.

    1991-01-01

    Med.mikrobiologi, papillomavirus, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, filter in situ hybridisation......Med.mikrobiologi, papillomavirus, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, filter in situ hybridisation...

  20. Dissecting aneurysm of the cervical internal carotid artery. Cervical CT scan findings and treatment - case report

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Itoh, Yoshihiro; Itoyama, Youichi; Fukumura, Akinobu; Matsukado, Yasuhiko; Kodama, Takafumi

    1987-06-01

    On lifting a heavy case, a 51-year-old male experienced a sudden onset of headache with giddiness and clouded vision. A week later, vertigo and right hand numbness were added to his symptoms. The next day anisocoria (right > left) and dilation of the left retinal veins were noted. Cranial computed tomography (CT) scan appeared normal and there were no other remarkable neurological findings. The patient was treated conservatively for cerebral infarction, however, the headache worsened and diplopia occurred. Neurological examination on admission revealed nothing unusual except for left Horner's syndrome. Physical examination showed a palpable sausage-like painless tumor on the left side of the neck. Angiography showed a narrowing of the internal carotid artery in the cervical region with a small dissecting aneurysm at the C3 level. Cervical CT scan at the upper C3 level showed a low density lunar defect in the high density section of the enlarged left internal carotid artery. The patient was operated on by superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery anastomosis to increase the intracranial blood flow. Postoperatively the symptoms were quickly relieved. Angiography 1 month later showed less narrowing of the carotid artery, though the dissecting aneurysm still remained. Postoperative cervical CT scan showed the left internal carotid artery to be of normal size. The patient returned to his work in normal condition 2 months later. It is emphasized that cervical CT scan may be useful in the diagnosis of this unusual type of cervical dissecting aneurysm.