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Sample records for cefalea tensional con

  1. Relación entre cefalea tensional y disfunción familiar en una unidad de medicina familiar Relation of tension headache and family dysfunction in a family medicine unit

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    Jorge Octavio Carvajal Rivera

    2009-03-01

    Full Text Available La cefalea tensional es la forma más frecuente de cefalea primaria. Este trabajo se realizó con el objetivo de estimar si existe asociación entre cefalea tensional y disfunción familiar. 60 pacientes evaluaron sus familias a través del cuestionario FF-SIL de funcionamiento familiar. La cefalea tensional fue más frecuente en miembros de familias disfuncionales que en aquellos que provenían de familias funcionales (p=.028. Fueron frecuentes las manifestaciones clínicas relacionadas con estrés postraumático en el paciente problema, existe un complejo y conflictual ambiente familiar que incluye a estos enfermos, lo que nos sugiere el uso de los recursos de la familia como opción terapéutica aún pobremente explorada.Tension headache is the more frequent presentation of primary cephalagia. Aim of this paper is to estimate if there is an association between tension headache and familial dysfunction. Sixty patients evaluated their families by through FF-SIL questionnaire of familial performance. Tension headache was more frequent in members of dysfunctional families than in those from functional families (p = .028. Clinical manifestations related to post-traumatic stress were frequent, there is a familial complex and difficult environment including these sick persons, suggesting us the use of family resources as therapeutical option not very explored yet.

  2. Estudio prospectivo de la cefalea en pacientes con hemopatías malignas

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    Marín Lahoz, Juan

    2013-01-01

    Objetivo: describir las cefaleas en pacientes ingresados con neoplasias hematológicas, identificar los factores asociados a cefaleas secundarias graves. Estudio observacional prospectivo. Se incluyen 30 casos de cefalea correspondientes a 23 pacientes. Ocho cefaleas son primarias y 22 secundarias. Diez de estas, son secundarias a patología grave o potencialmente grave: encefalopatía hipertensiva, neoplasia intracraneal, hemorragia intracraneal, infección cefálica, trombosis venosa, fiebre tum...

  3. Resultados de la resonancia magnética nuclear de cerebro en niños con cefalea

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    Gurkas, Esra; Karalok, Zeynep S; Taskm, Birce D; Aydogmus, Ummu; Yilmaz, Cahide; Bayram, Gulsah

    2017-01-01

    Introducción: El objetivo fue describir los resultados de la resonancia magnética nuclear (RMN) en niños con cefalea. Población y métodos: Revisión retrospectiva de las historias clínicas de los pacientes ingresados a los consultorios externos de neurología pediátrica con síntomas de cefalea entre enero de 2013 y diciembre de 2014. Resultados: Se ingresaron 478 pacientes (273 mujeres, 205 varones) con síntomas de cefalea. Los tipos de cefalea fueron migraña en 218 pacientes (45, 6%), cefalea ...

  4. Mujer de 39 a??os con cefalea intensa

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    Santiago-D??az, Carlos; Zamora-Pasadas, M??nica; S??nchez-Bern??, Isabel; Jim??nez-Alonso, Juan

    2012-01-01

    Paciente de 39 a??os que acude a urgencias por presentar un cuadro de cefalea intensa, holocraneal, con foto y sonofobia intensas, acompa??ada de febr??cula. En la exploraci??n f??sica ??nicamente destacaban leves roncus en base de hemit??rax izquierdo. Las pruebas complementarias iniciales fueron normales. Tras un estudio exhaustivo y fundamentalmente una insistencia en la anamnesis por ??rganos y aparatos, finalmente se lleg?? al diagn??stico.

  5. Modelo biopsicossocial e formulação comportamental: compreendendo a cefaléia do tipo tensional Modelo biopsicosocial y formulación comportamental: comprendiendo la cefalea del tipo tensional The bio-psychosocial model and behavioral formulation: understanding the tension-type headache

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    Adriana Mayon Neiva Flores

    2008-03-01

    Full Text Available A cefaléia do tipo tensional constitui um tipo freqüente de dor de cabeça, que tende a ocasionar uma série de comportamentos de evitação, com prejuízos físicos, sociais e psicológicos aos indivíduos afetados. O presente trabalho descreve algumas contribuições do modelo biopsicossocial de saúde para a compreensão da cefaléia do tipo tensional, descreve os tratamentos mais freqüentemente oferecidos e discute as vantagens de modalidades terapêuticas que utilizam a formulação comportamental. Destaca-se a relevância da consideração de fatores psicossociais presentes nas formas mais comuns de evolução da cefaléia do tipo tensional, o que contribui para a elaboração de planos de tratamento mais eficientes e coerentes com uma proposta realmente sistêmica e idiográfica.La cefalea del tipo tensional constituye un tipo frecuente de dolor de cabeza, que tiene la tendencia a ocasionar una serie de comportamientos de evitación, con daños físicos, sociales y psicológicos a los individuos afectados. El presente trabajo describe algunas contribuciones del modelo biopsicosocial de salud para la comprensión de la cefalea del tipo tensional, describe los tratamientos más frecuentemente ofrecidos y discute las ventajas de modalidades terapéuticas que utilizan la formulación comportamental. Se destaca la relevancia de la consideración de factores psicosociales presentes en las formas más comunes de evolución de la cefalea del tipo tensional, lo que contribuye para la elaboración de planes de tratamiento más eficientes y coherentes con una propuesta realmente sistémica e idiográfica.Tension-type headache are a frequent source of complaints in health assistance units. It tends to cause avoidance behaviors with adverse consequences in physical, psychological and social aspects. Contributions from the Bio-Psychosocial perspective are described for a better understanding of the tension-type headache problem. Study also analyzes

  6. Tratamiento de la cefalea con medicina bioenergética y natural

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    Roberto Hernández Álvarez

    2007-03-01

    Full Text Available Presentamos un estudio experimental, prospectivo y transversal con pacientes afectados por cefalea que de una forma casual o a sugerencia de otros pacientes se presentaron al departamento de Fisioterapia del Policlínico Ernesto Guevara de la Serna del municipio Sandino, refiriendo que tenían los síntomas característicos de esta afección, generalmente pensaban que se trataban de los signos de hipertensión arterial, no siendo así en la mayoría de los casos. En más de la mitad de los pacientes no se conocía los factores desencadenantes de las crisis. En este estudio contamos con 93 pacientes afectados por cefalea, a los cuales se les efectuó el tratamiento, realizándose tres repeticiones de masaje las que no podían sobrepasar de 5 a 7 minutos. Para este tratamiento el paciente deberá encontrarse debidamente sentado, con la cabeza algo reclinada en el espaldar de la silla, los músculos del rostro estarán relajados, para lo que se recomienda serrar los ojos, descender la mandíbula inferior y mantener la boca semiabierta. El masajista se encontrara de pie detrás del sujeto. Se pudo comprobar que luego de la segunda repetición del tratamiento los pacientes comenzaron a sentir los primeros síntomas de mejoría, prescindiendo así de medicamentos y de otras consultas medicas. No se utilizaron recursos y medios materiales, solo la manipulación del técnico.

  7. Validación del Cuestionario de Lugar de Control del Dolor en estudiantes argentinos con cefaleas recurrentes

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    Luciana Sofía Moretti

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo. Validar el Cuestionario de Lugar de Control del Dolor (CLCD en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios argentinos con cefaleas recurrentes. Método. Se empleó un muestreo no probabilístico intencional de 382 estudiantes universitarios de la ciudad de Córdoba (Argentina, que en los últimos seis meses habían sufrido de cefaleas. El 77.7% de la muestra fueron mujeres y el 22.3% varones, con una media de edad de 22.4 años (DE = 4.2. Se realizaron estudios para evaluar la estructura interna, consistencia interna y la validez externa del cuestionario. Resultados. El análisis factorial exploratorio mostró tres factores que explicaban un 39.79% de la varianza: (1 locus de control externo por profesionales de la salud, (2 locus de control externo por azar y (3 locus de control interno. Asimismo, los valores alfa de Cronbach para evaluar la consistencia interna de los factores resultaron óptimos (valores α comprendidos entre 0.80 y 0.86.Los análisis realizados para evaluar la validez externa del cuestionario, mediante el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson, revelaron que los factores locus de control externo por profesionales de la salud y los factores locus de control externo por azar correlacionaron positivamente con la intensidad del dolor (r = 0.15, p < 0.01; r = 0.23, p < 0.01, respectivamente, no obstante los valores obtenidos fueron bajos. Conclusión. Aunque presenta limitaciones en su validez externa, los estudios psicométricos realizados permiten concluir que el CLCD es un instrumento confiable y válido para evaluar locus de control en población universitaria argentina con dolor crónico ocasionado por cefaleas.

  8. Factores de riesgo para progresión de cefalea primaria tipo migraña o tipo tensión episódica a cefalea crónica diaria en una población adulta de Bogotá - Colombia

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    Riveros Santoya, Sandra Viviana

    2017-01-01

    La cefalea crónica diaria es una entidad que afecta hasta el 4% de los pacientes con cefalea primaria episódica especialmente a la población adulta joven, económicamente activa, generando impacto económico y aumento de gastos directos e indirectos en salud. El objetivo es establecer los factores de riesgo que favorecen la aparición de cefalea crónica diaria en pacientes con diagnóstico de cefalea tipo migraña y cefalea tipo tensión, que asisten a un centro de referencia para patología neur...

  9. Relación del segmento vertebral CO-CI con la cefalea cervigogénica

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    Marco Blanco, Raquel

    2014-01-01

    Se ha elegido para este trabajo el caso clínico de una paciente de 52 años con cefalea cervicogénica debido a la importante prevalencia de esta afectación en la sociedad actual. Es una clínica más frecuente en mujeres de mediana edad, por ello se expone el caso de una paciente con esas características. Otro motivo de la elección de esta paciente en concreto ha sido que la limitación de su rotación cervical venía dada principalmente por una alteración del segmento C0-C1, ya q...

  10. Cefalea por uso excesivo de analgésicos en Bucaramanga, Colombia: Prevalencia y factores asociados

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    Rueda-Sánchez, Mauricio

    2013-01-01

    Introducción : el uso de analgésicos es frecuente en pacientes con cefalea; sin embargo no hay datos sobre la prevalencia de la cefalea por uso excesivo de medicaciones (CUEM) en Colombia. Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de CUEM en Bucaramanga-Colombia y los factores asociados a este consumo. Se realizó un estudio de prevalencia mediante un cuestionario autoadministrado en habitantes de Bucaramanga seleccionados al azar. Las comparaciones se realizaron mediante la prueba t o el chi (χ2)i ...

  11. Headaches with ocular localization and involvement Cefaleas de localización y compromiso oculares

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    Marta Lucía Muñoz Cardona

    2005-04-01

    Full Text Available The most frequent primary headaches, including migraine variants, and intrinsic optic nerve disorders that produce headache, are reviewed. The latter are often accompanied by autonomic nervous system alterations which lead to vasomotor changes, frequently present in neuralgic processes known as headaches with disautonomic involvement. Epidemiological, semiological, clinical, and therapeutical aspects of different cranial, facial and ocular diseases that produce headache are included. Some physiopathological elements that may help to analyze painful craniofacial processes are discussed. Secondary headaches and common facial neuralgias, on the other hand, are also considered because they may confuse the differential diagnosis. Se revisan las cefaleas primarias más frecuentes que comprometen las estructuras oculares y vecinas al globo ocular, las variantes de la migraña y las alteraciones propias del nervio óptico que alteran la función visual y que se acompañan no solamente de síntomas dolorosos sino también de trastornos vasomotores debidos a alteraciones del sistema nervioso autónomo que suelen ser comunes en algunos procesos neurálgicos llamados ahora cefaleas con compromiso disautonómico. En este artículo se comentan los elementos epidemiológicos de las diferentes enfermedades craneales, faciales y oculares que cursan con cefalea; las diferencias clínicas entre las mismas y su presentación semiológica, al igual que algunos elementos terapéuticos. Se discuten además algunos elementos fisiopatológicos de gran utilidad en el análisis de los procesos dolorosos craneofaciales y el perfil temporal de los mismos; también se comentan algunas cefaleas secundarias que comparten con las primarias elementos que se prestan a confusión en la clínica. Finalmente, se hace un análisis de las neuralgias faciales comunes.

  12. Mucormicosis rinocerebral en paciente con cefalea y diabetes mellitus Rhinocerebral mucormycosis in diabetic patient with headache

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    Juan Camilo Botero

    2008-03-01

    Full Text Available Se reporta el caso de un paciente masculino de 52 años, con antecedentes personales de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en tratamiento con metformín quien consultó por cefalea intensa y congestión nasal. Se diagnosticó una pansinusitis que no respondió al manejo médico. Fue evaluado por medicina interna y otorrinolaringología y se encontraron costras secas, negras, en los cornetes y meatos mediante la fibronasolaringoscopia. Se practicó una resonancia magnética en la que se reportó una lesión en la región temporal izquierda asociada a edema vasogénico. Se programó para drenaje del absceso el cual se realizó sin complicaciones; en el estudio de histopatología se informó la presencia de hifas aseptadas que correspondían a Rhizopus sp. Se inició su manejo con anfotericina B para la mucormicosis rinocerebral con respuesta adecuada y se dio de alta por mejoría de su enfermedad.We report the case of a 52 years old male patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus under metformin therapy that presented with acute headache and nasal congestion. Pansinusitis was diagnosed which did not respond to medical treatment. He was evaluated by the internal medicine and otorrinolaringology departments. In the fibronasolaringoscopy exam black necrotic scars were found in turbinates and meatus. A magnetic resonance was ordered which evidenced a lesion in the left temporal region associated to vasogenic edema. The patient was programmed for abscess drainage without any complications; the histopathological report informed the presence of non septated hyphae compatible with Rhizopus sp. The patient began to receive amphotericyn B for a rhinocerebral mucormycosis with optimal response and was discharged with improvement of his clinical picture.

  13. Cefalea en el niño: Estudio clínico

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    Orietta Portuondo Alacán

    1997-12-01

    Full Text Available Se realiza el estudio de las historias clínicas de 185 niños atendidos en la consulta de cefalea del Hospital Pediátrico Docente del Cerro, desde abril de 1988 hasta abril de 1993. Se agruparon los hallazgos clínicos en antecedentes patológicos familiares y personales, características de la cefalea, resultados de la exploración física, investigaciones realizadas y tratamiento recibido. El grupo más afectado fue el de más de 9 años, con predominio del sexo masculino. La variedad de cefalea más frecuente fue la migraña sin aura. En las características del dolor predominaron la localización bifrontal, pulsátil, severo, de 2 ó 3 horas de duración, 2 ó 3 veces a la semana. El tratamiento medicamentoso más utilizado fue meclizine.The study of medical records from 185 children attended in the headache consultation at the Teaching Pediatric Hospital of Cerro municipality from April, 1988 to April, 1993 was carried out. Clinical findings were grouped according to familial and personal pathologic history, characteristics of the headache, results from physical examination, investigations performed and treatment received by the patients. The most affected group was the one over 9 years of age, and males were found to be predominant. The most frequent headache was migraine without aura. Among the characteristics of pain, the most frequently found were bifrontal location; severe, pulsatil pain lasting 2 or 3 hours twice or three times a week. The most frequently used drug treatment was meclizine.

  14. Cefalea secundaria a punción dural Headache as a result of dural puncture

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    Ariadna García Rodríguez

    2005-03-01

    Full Text Available Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica sobre cefalea pospunción en el Hospital "Abel Santamaría", de Pinar del Río, en el período comprendido de febrero a junio del 2004, con el objetivo de ampliar los conocimientos de los profesionales de la salud encargados de diagnosticar y tratar esta complicación. La cefalea secundaria a punción dural se debe al escape persistente de LCR (líquido cefalorraquídeo a través del desgarro hecho en la duramadre, causado por la penetración de la aguja; se presenta cuando el paciente adopta la posición erecta y se alivia con el decúbito, característica esta que de no aparecer debe hacer dudar el diagnóstico. La elección de un trocar fino para realizar la punción y la dirección del bisel paralelo a las fibras de la duramadre son los factores determinantes en la profilaxis de la cefalea. Aún existen controversias en cuanto a su tratamiento, pero si hay un consenso unido en que el parche de sangre epidural es el tratamiento definitivo de esta complicación.A review of the most updated literature on dural post-puncture headache was made at Abel Santamaría University Hospital in February - June 2004 aimed at spreading the awareness to health professionals at diagnosing and treating this condition. The headache secondary to dural puncture is caused by the persistent leakage of cerebrospinal fluid through the dura tear because of the needle insertion; it presents when the patient adopts the erect position and it alleviates with the supine position; if this characteristic is not present it may appear some doubts on diagnosis. The selection of a fine trocar for puncture and guiding the bevel parallel to the fibers of dura are the main factors for profilaxis of headache. Its treatment is controversial, but it does exist a consensus in that the epidural blood patch is the definitive treatment for this condition.

  15. Cefalea en la infancia: experiencia clínica en la Unidad de Neuropediatría del Hospital Doctor Miguel Pérez Carreño, Caracas, Venezuela = Headache in children: clinical experience at the the Neuropediatric Unit, Hospital Doctor Miguel Pérez Carreño, Caracas, Venezuela

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    Carolina Machuca, Josefa

    2012-07-01

    Full Text Available Introducción: la cefalea es común en la infancia y su frecuencia aumenta en la adolescencia; raras veces está relacionada con enfermedades graves, pero sí repercute negativamente en la calidad de vida.Objetivo: determinar las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de la cefalea en una cohorte de niños, clasificarla y evaluar la respuesta al tratamiento profiláctico.Métodos: estudio descriptivo, prospectivo y longitudinal en el que se analizaron las siguientes variables: edad, sexo, antecedentes perinatales y personales, historia familiar de cefalea, características de los episodios, tratamiento recibido y respuesta al mismo. Se clasificaron los casos de acuerdo con los criterios de la Sociedad Internacional de Cefalea y según su patrón temporal.Resultados: el grupo más afectado fueron los escolares y predominaron las niñas. El antecedente familiar de migraña estuvo presente en 64,7%. Predominó la migraña sin aura (63,9%. Recibieron tratamiento profiláctico 88,6% y hubo buena respuesta en 88,2%. Los estudios de neuroimágenes y el EEG hechos de rutina no tuvieron utilidad.Conclusiones: no existen criterios estandarizados para la clasificación de la cefalea en la infancia, pero debe hacerse un seguimiento adecuado de todos los síntomas para validar los criterios diagnósticos y reducir el impacto negativo sobre la calidad de vida.

  16. Quiste dermoide intracraneal con rotura espontánea. Reporte de caso

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    Leonardo Andrés Chacón-Zambrano

    2017-04-01

    Full Text Available Introducción: Los quistes dermoides son tumores raros, que se originan por la inclusión de elementos de origen ectodérmico en el momento del cierre del tubo neural durante la embriogénesis. Su contenido incluye una variedad de derivados del ectodermo como glándulas apocrinas, sudor, quistes sebáceos, folículos pilosos, epitelio escamoso y dientes. Los síntomas que generan estos tumores benignos son tanto por el efecto de masa sobre las estructuras neurovasculares adyacentes (cefalea, convulsiones, hidrocefalia, isquemia, como por la irritación meníngea en los casos de ruptura hacia el espacio subaracnoideo. Objetivo: Presentar el curso clínico de paciente femenino de 21 años de edad, que acude a la consulta de neurocirugía con clínica de cefalea y síncope. Presentación del caso: Paciente con rotura espontánea de un quiste dermoide intracraneal que consultaba previamente por clínica de cefalea, a la cual se asocia más recientemente episodios de alteración de la conciencia, realizándose estudio de neuroimágenes con evidencia de quiste dermoide intracraneal roto, el cual fue manejado quirúrgicamente con resolución exitosa de la sintomatología. Conclusiones: Se considera relevante el caso teniendo en cuenta lo inusual de la patología según la epidemiología consultada, además este reporte de caso, permite sensibilizar al personal de salud sobre esta patología tumoral la cual puede llegar a la cura en caso de resección quirúrgica completa, con resolución de la clínica.

  17. Anticuerpos IgG anti-toxoplasma gondii en pacientes con síntomas atribuíbles a toxoplasmosis

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    Jorge E. Collazo

    1993-12-01

    Full Text Available Se evaluaron 6.520 pacientes con síntomas atribuíbles a toxoplasmosis por la presencia de anticuerpos IgG anti - Toxoplasma gondii mediante la técnica de inmunofluorescencia indirecta. El 51,27% de los evaluados resultaron positivos.El 60,85% de los pacientes con trastornos oculares son seropositivos a IgG anti - T. gondii; seguidos del 56,25 y 48,10% para aquellos con trastornos generales y gineco-obstétricos. Los síntomas o manifestaciones que evidenciaron mayor porcentaje de positividad fueron: astenia, coriorretinitis, trastornos menstruales, cefaleas y uveítis.

  18. Sensibilidade dolorosa à palpação em pacientes com disfunção temporomandibular crônica Sensibilidad dolorosa a la palpación en pacientes con disfunción temporomandibular crónica Painful sensitivity to palpation in patients presenting with chronic temporomandibular dysfunction

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    Ana Lúcia Franco

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available Cefaléias primárias estão freqüentemente relacionadas à disfunção temporomandibular, sendo o aumento da sensibilidade dolorosa um achado comum nesses pacientes. Este estudo propôs investigar a sensibilidade dolorosa à palpação em pacientes com disfunção temporomandibular crônica, comparando grupos com presença ou ausência de cefaléias primárias. A disfunção temporomandibular e o tipo de cefaléia primária foram diagnosticados, respectivamente por meio dos critérios de diagnóstico para pesquisa das desordens temporomandibulares e por um questionário baseado na Classificação Internacional de Cefaléias (2004. A localização, avaliação e o agrupamento dos sítios musculares e articulares para palpação foram realizados segundo os critérios de diagnóstico para pesquisa das desordens temporomandibulares, considerando-se o temporal, masseter, articulação temporomandibular e sítios cervicais bilateralmente. A amostra foi composta por 213 (88,0 % mulheres e 29 (12,0 % homens, com faixa etária média de 37,41 anos. As médias do número de sítios positivos à palpação nos grupos sem cefaléia, cefaléia do tipo tensional, migrânea e cefaléia crônica diária e foram respectivamente: 12,43; 14,38; 15,21 e 15,62 (p= 0,107 (mínima 2 e máxima 22. Apenas para os sítios do músculo temporal foi detectada diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos de cefaléia quanto à sensibilidade dolorosa à palpação (p= 0,007. O número de sítios dolorosos não foi estatisticamente diferente entre os grupos estudados e apenas o músculo temporal demonstrou diferença estatisticamente significante quanto ao grau de dor à palpação.Las cefaleas están frecuentemente relacionadas con los trastornos temporomandibulares, por esta razón es común encontrar un aumento de sensibilidad al dolor en los pacientes que padecen dicha enfermedad. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la sensibilidad a la palpación en

  19. Efecto de la terapia con ondas electromagnéticas capacitadas monopolares en el tratamiento del dolor en fibromialgia

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    Ibáñez-Vera, Alfonso Javier

    2016-01-01

    La fibromialgia es uno de los mayores problemas sanitarios de nuestro país y del mundo desarrollado con una prevalencia del 2,1%. El American College of Reumathology la define como estado doloroso generalizado en mínimo 11 de 18 puntos preestablecidos, sensibles a una presión de 4 kg/cm2 y con al menos 3 meses de evolución. La definición actual de la Organización Mundial de la Salud incluye presencia de otros síntomas como cefalea, colon irritable, menstruación dolorosa, irritabilidad, sensib...

  20. Apoplejía pituitaria con parálisis del III par craneal: Reporte de caso

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    Miguel Pinto Valdivia

    2011-10-01

    Full Text Available Se describe el caso de un varón de 65 años de edad, sin antecedentes patológicos de importancia, que acudió a emergencia del Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia por presentar cefalea intensa y ptosis palpebral izquierda. El examen físico mostró parálisis aislada del III par craneal izquierdo. Los análisis de laboratorio mostraron hiponatremia e hipopituitarismo y la resonancia magnética nuclear un adenoma pituitario con áreas de hemorragia e invasión de los senos cavernosos. El tratamiento incluyó glucocorticoides y descompresión quirúrgica transesfenoidal. La anatomía patológica confirmó el diagnóstico de infarto hemorrágico de un adenoma pituitario. El paciente fue dado de alta con terapia sustitutiva de levotiroxina y prednisona. La ptosis palpebral izquierda se recuperó en forma parcial. La apoplejía pituitaria es un síndrome clínico producido por un proceso expansivo dentro de la silla turca, secundario a hemorragia o infarto de un adenoma pituitario, que se caracteriza por cefalea, déficit visual, oftalmoplejía y alteración del nivel de conciencia. Este proceso expansivo puede comprimir los pares craneales en los senos cavernosos, produciendo diferentes grados de parálisis de los músculos oculomotores. La parálisis aislada del III par craneal es rara.(Rev Med Hered 2011;22:186-189.

  1. High-voltage-powered transistorized preamplifier; Pre-amplificateur transistorise avec alimentation haute tension; Vysokovol'tnyj ehnergeticheskij predvaritel'nyj usilitel' na tranzistorakh; Preamplificador transistorizado alimentado con alta tension

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Wilson, Jr, W E; Wakefield, A W [University of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)

    1962-04-15

    transistorizado unico en su genero utilizado con gran exito en la Universidad de Washington. El circuito en cuestion tiene la particularidad de que el transistor esta alimentado con la alta tension suministrada al detector de radiaciones. Con los dos transistores de union PNP empleados en el preamplificador se obtiene una ganancia de tension unidad en un intervalo dinamico de 1 mV a 5 V. La tension de trabajo del transistor con carga en el emisor se estabiliza mediante un pequeno diodo Zener. El consumo de corriente de detector de centelleo distante que utiliza el circuito esta comprendido entre 0,35 y 0.65 mA cuando la alta tension suministrada varia entre 800 y 1500 V. El dispositivo alimenta 500 pies de cable coaxial de 52 {Omega} con una perdida de un 25% en la amplitud del impulso. Se ha utilizado con excelentes resultados, con detectores de centelleo alejados y detectores neutronicos de BF{sub 3}. (author) [Russian] Odnoj iz problem, chasto vstrechayushchikhsya v oblasti yadernoj ehlektroniki, yavlyaetsya problema svyazi signala, idushchego s impul'nogo detektora izluchenij vysokogo soprotivleniya, s liniej peredachi nizkogo soprotivleniya. Inymi slovami detektory izluchenij i svyazannoe s nimi schetnoe oborudovanie chasto razdelyayutsya znachitel'nym rasstoyaniem, poehtomu sleduet predusmatrivat' nadezhnye sredstva peredachi signala iz detektora v schetnuyu sistemu. Prakticheski dlya linii peredachi ispol'zuetsya koaksial'nyj kabel' s nizkim soprotivleniem, a dlya polucheniya trebuemoj soglasovannosti impedansov ispol'zuetsya skhema s katodnym vykhodom ili skhema s ehmitternym vykhodom. V dannom doklade daetsya opisanie unikal'noj skhemy s ehmitternym vykhodom, kotoraya uspeshno primenyalas' v Vashingtonskom universitete. Skhema ehmitternogo vykhoda yavlyaetsya unikal'noj v tom smysle, chto istochnikom ehnergii tranzistornoj skhemy sluzhit vysokoe napryazhenie, podavaemoe detektoru izlucheniya. Primenenie v predvaritel'nom usilitele dvukh splavlennykh tranzistorov s

  2. Distribution transformer with automatic voltage adjustment - performance; Transformador de distribucion con ajuste automatico de tension - desempeno

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Hernandez Ruiz, Gustavo A.; Delgadillo Bocanegra, Alfonso; Betancourt Ramirez, Enrique [PROLEC-GE, Apodaca, Nuevo Leon (Mexico)]. E-mail: gustavo1.hernandez@ge.com; alfonso.delgadillobocanegra@ge.com; enrique.betancourt@ge.com; Ramirez Arredondo, Juan M. [CINVESTAV-Guadalajara, Zapopan, Jalisco (Mexico)]. E-mail: jramirez@gdl.cinvestav.mx

    2010-11-15

    In the electric power distribution systems, the power quality is strongly linked with the service stability voltage. In the radial kind systems, it is virtually impossible to achieve a flat voltage along the lines, so it is desirable to count with transformers that can adjust automatically the turns ratio. In this work, it is described the development and the performance of a transformer with an integrated electronic tap changer, that allows to change the turns ratio along the standard range of +/-5%, and it was identified the application limits of the technology. [Spanish] En los sistemas de distribucion de energia electrica, la calidad del suministro de energia esta fuertemente ligada con la estabilidad del voltaje de servicio. En sistemas de tipo radial, es virtualmente imposible mantener uniforme la tension a lo largo de las lineas, por lo que se hace deseable contar con transformadores que puedan ajustar automaticamente la relacion de transformacion. En este trabajo, se describe el desarrollo y desempeno de un transformador con switch electronico integrado, que permite variar la relacion de transformacion dentro del rango estandarizado de +/-5%, y se identifican los limites de aplicacion de la tecnologia.

  3. Análisis de la frecuencia de cefalea pospunción de la duramadre y tratamiento más común en el Hospital General de México

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    P. López-Herranz

    2014-07-01

    Conclusiones: La CPPD es una complicación frecuente, de predominio en el sexo femenino, en la quinta década de la vida. El tratamiento conservador y el parche hemático epidural profiláctico previenen la aparición de cefalea.

  4. SUCESOS VITALES Y TENSIONES EN FAMILIAS CON HIJOS ADOLESCENTES: Life events and strains in families with teenagers

    OpenAIRE

    Ruano Piera,Rosana; Serra Desfilis,Emilia

    2001-01-01

    Los objetivos de este estudio son: a) Describir los sucesos vitales y tensiones que afectan a los padres con hijos adolescentes, y b) Verificar las posibles diferencias en la descripción de estos sucesos por parte de los padres en función de la edad del hijo adolescente mayor: mayor o menor de 19 años. A tal fin, una muestra de 386 padres (193 matrimonios) de hijos adolescentes fueron evaluados a partir del FILE (Hernández Córdoba 1991). Resultados: a) durante el último año se da un mayor pro...

  5. Efectividad de la auriculopuntura en el tratamiento de pacientes con hipertensión arterial

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mileydis Alvarez Caballero

    2014-11-01

    Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y longitudinal de 53 adultos hipertensos pertenecientes al consultorio médico No. 55 del Policlínico Universitario "José Martí Pérez" de Santiago de Cuba, desde febrero hasta septiembre de 2012, con vistas a demostrar la efectividad de la auriculopuntura en el tratamiento de estos pacientes. Se halló predominio de la hipertensión arterial ligera (69,6 % y del sexo femenino (47,1 %. Luego de aplicada la terapia disminuyeron los síntomas más frecuentes: la cefalea, de 50,9 a 5,6 % y el insomnio, de 20,7 a 1,8 %. Los resultados obtenidos evidenciaron la efectividad de este tratamiento no convencional en 92,4 % de los afectados, a la vez que se logró 96,3 % de satisfacción con el proceder empleado

  6. Adenocarcinoma pulmonar metastásico con evolución favorable al tratamiento con ITK-EGFR en un paciente fumador

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Joseph Jesús Exebio Jara

    2015-04-01

    Full Text Available Introducción: El cáncer de pulmón es el cáncer con mayor mortalidad en ambos sexos. El esquema de manejo actual del adenocarcinoma pulmonar incluye determinar el estado mutacional del receptor del factor de crecimiento epidérmico (EGFR, por ser la diana para el erlotinib, una terapia biológica. Caso clínico: Varón de 62 años, con hábito tabáquico de alto riesgo oncológico, que debuta con un cuadro de cefalea de un mes de evolución, objetivándose por resonancia magnética tumor cerebral. El diagnóstico inmunohistoquímico post quirúrgico fue adenocarcinoma pulmonar metastásico (TTF-1 (+. La tomografía identificó una lesión en el lóbulo superior derecho del pulmón; no presentaba clínica respiratoria. Al ser positivo para la mutación en el exón 21 del gen EGFR, se inició terapia con erlotinib, siendo bien tolerada por el paciente y manteniendo su estabilidad clínica. El paciente sobrevivió por el lapso de 31 meses posterior a su diagnóstico. Discusión: El tratamiento con erlotinib fue inicialmente indicado en el perfil de una paciente mujer, asiática y no fumadora. La eficacia en los estudios en pacientes con cáncer de pulmón de células no pequeñas evidencia que la sobrevida global es 15,9 meses, muy por debajo del visto en el presente caso.

  7. Repercusión del trabajo con pantallas de visualización de datos en la salud de los obreros Repercussion of the work with data visualization screens on the workers' health

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lourdes M. Moreno Pérez

    2006-09-01

    Full Text Available Las pantallas de visualización de datos son unidades periféricas de salida que permiten la visualización de la información, y son utilizadas de diferentes maneras por el personal humano. Con el objetivo de determinar la existencia de alteraciones en su salud, se realizó un estudio a 52 operadores de pantallas que laboran de forma continua con dichos equipos. Se encontró que la mayor incidencia de trastornos referidos por los obreros fueron los oculares, con un 48,07 %; la cefalea, con 25 %; y la ansiedad, con un 19,23 %. Se investigaron, además, las condiciones ergonómicas de sus centros laborales, donde se detectaron deficiencias en el 100 % de los obreros estudiados, y resultó el exceso de ruido como la condición negativa más frecuentemente reportada.

  8. Tampão peridural com dextran 40 na profilaxia da cefaléia pós-punção acidental da duramáter em paciente HIV positivo: relato de caso Tampón peridural con dextran 40 en la profilaxia de la cefalea pós-punción accidental de la duramáter en paciente SIDA positivo: relato de caso Epidural patch with dextran 40 to prevent postdural puncture headache in an HIV patient: case report

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcos Guilherme Cunha Cruvinel

    2002-11-01

    han sido relatadas. El objetivo de este articulo es presentar un caso del uso del tampón peridural con dextran 40 en la profilaxia de la cefalea pós-punción de duramáter en paciente portador del virus de la imunodeficiencia humana (HIV, con historia de cefalea en anestesia subaracnóidea anterior. Relato do caso: Paciente masculino, 31 años, 70 kg, estado físico ASA II, portador de SIDA, para tratamiento de condilomatosis anal recidivada, con relato de cefalea intensa y limitante durante dos semanas después de anestesia subaracnóidea (aguja Quincke 25G. Durante la tentativa de anestesia peridural con aguja de Tuohy 18G en L3-L4, hubo perforación accidental de la duramáter. Fueron inyectados, por dos veces, 20 ml de dextran 40 a 10% por catéter peridural; la primera, 150 minutos después de la administración de los anestésicos y la segunda en la mañana siguiente a la cirugía. El paciente evoluyó asintomático y recibió alta al día siguiente a su internación. CONCLUSIONES: El uso del tampón con soluciones coloides como el dextran 40 no está bien establecido, sin embargo existen algunos relatos de su uso con suceso y entendemos que su potencial debe ser mejor explorado.BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Postdural puncture headache is a well-known complication of spinal and epidural anesthesia and, so far, its most effective treatment is the epidural blood patch. Nevertheless this is an invasive procedure subject to severe complications. Its use in special patient populations (HIV positive patients and leukemias is controversial. Several alternatives have been reported. This study aimed at showing a case of prophylactic epidural dextran 40 patch in an HIV patient with previous history of headache following spinal anesthesia. CASE REPORT: Male patient, 31 years old, 70 kg, physical status ASA II, HIV positive, presented for recurrent anal condylomatosis treatment, with a history of severe and limiting headache for two weeks following spinal anesthesia. (25G

  9. Farmacovigilancia de la sertralina en pacientes cubanos con episodio de depresión mayor

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leslie Pérez Ruiz

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available En la depresión predominan síntomas como: desinterés, fatiga, sentimientos de inutilidad, desconcentración, deseos de muerte e insomnio. Entre los medicamentos para tratarla se encuentra la sertralina. Con el objetivo de evaluar su seguridad, se revisaron 40 historias clínicas y cuadernos de recogida de datos de los pacientes incluidos en ensayo clínico fase III, aletatorizado, controlado y a doble ciegas: "Uso de sertralina en pacientes con episodio de depresión mayor", pertenecientes al Hospital "Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima". Se obtuvieron datos demográficos, clínicos y eventos adversos, con los cuales se realizó un estudio descriptivo, observacional y transversal que clasifica como un estudio de utilización de medicamentos sobre consecuencias prácticas. La información fue analizada mediante SPSS, versión 13.0 para Windows. De los 40 pacientes incluidos, 24 presentaron eventos adversos para un 60 %; de ellos, 16 (67 % en el grupo tratado con sertralina y 8 (33 % en los tratados con placebo. Los eventos adversos más frecuentes fueron: disminución de peso, sequedad bucal, cefalea, diarreas y náuseas. En su mayoría resultaron de intensidad ligera, causalidad probable y sin necesidad de tratamiento. El uso del fármaco se consideró seguro en el tratamiento de estos pacientes.

  10. LIPOMA CEREBRAL EN CUERPO CALLOSO: HALLAZGO INCIDENTAL EN PACIENTE CON EVENTO CEREBROVASCULAR

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gloria Cárcamo-Portillo

    2016-07-01

    Full Text Available Los lipomas intracraneales son lesiones infrecuentes y benignas que representan el 0,03 al 0,08% de todas las masas intracraneales. Estos se encuentran relacionados a un defecto de la línea media debido a un mal cierre del tubo neural; lo que conlleva a una mala diferenciación y una persistencia anormal de la meninge primitiva con posterior diferenciación al tejido adiposo. La mitad de los casos permanecen asintomáticos y son diagnosticados como un hallazgo incidental en los estudios imagenológicos. Sin embargo, otros casos se asocian a sintomatología neurológica como retraso psicomotor, cefalea, epilepsia y parálisis cerebral. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 46 años de edad, con antecedentes de hipertensión arterial y diabetes mellitus tipo 2; que cursa con sintomatología de Evento Cerebrovascular Isquémico por lo que le realizan –una Tomografía Computarizada (TC y una Resonancia Magnética (RM. En el reporte se describen múltiples infartos a nivel del hemisferio cerebral izquierdo mientras que al nivel de la línea media se observó una imagen compatible con lipoma cerebral que afectaba el rostro, la rodilla y la porción anterior del cuerpo calloso. La identificación de este hallazgo fue incidental. Palabras claves: Lipoma Cerebral; Cuerpo Calloso; Resonancia Magnética; Accidente Cerebrovascular. (Fuente: DeCS BIREME.

  11. Revisión anatomofuncional de la neurología visual. Reporte de caso: discapacidad visual neurológica pos-TEC con hematomas subdurales subcrónicos bilaterales parietooccipitales

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Esteban O. Vallejo Agudelo

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available El TEC según la IBIA es la principal causa de convulsiones, muerte y discapacidad adquirida mundialmente. Las principales causas son las caídas en mayores de 65 años y los accidentes de tránsito en los menores. Los hematomas pos-TEC son una complicación muy frecuente, cuyas manifestaciones son variables, especialmente en los subdurales, presentando desde cefalea hasta síndromes demenciales o déficit neurológico focal, dentro de los cuales no es usual el reporte de casos con manifestaciones visuales. El presente artículo reporta un caso de discapacidad visual por déficit neurológico pos-TEC complicado con hematomas subdurales subcrónicos bilaterales parietooccipitales, y revisa la neuroanatomía funcional visual involucrada en ella.

  12. Investigating the tension load of rubber composites by impact ...

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    This work deals with establishing the tension load by impact dynamic testing of rubber composite con- veyor belts. ... top layer ('top cover'), a fabric carcass which provide tensile strength, skim ... components of machines like CBs [20]. CBs of ...

  13. Uruguay 1985-2005: Dimensiones y tensiones de la democracia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yamandú Acosta

    2008-07-01

    Full Text Available El texto es una aproximación problematizadora a la democracia uruguaya desde su recuperación en 1985 hasta el inicio del primer gobierno de izquierda en 2005. Se expone sobre el sentido de las condiciones posautoritaria y postransicional de la misma, se la caracteriza como democracia de seguridad mercantil en sinergia con la construcción politicista de la misma que, reducida a régimen de gobierno, parece promover una institucionalidad funcional a lo estructural y disfuncional a las necesidades humanas, que mediadas por las sucesivas y coexistentes generaciones de derechos humanos hace a sus dimensiones y tensiones centrales, desde las cuales el protagonismo democratizador de los actores supone articular dinámicamente las relaciones y tensiones entre las instituciones y el sujeto, en una democracia con las singularidades de la dimensión histórica y utópica de la uruguaya, que finalmente se esboza.

  14. Power quality. Analysis of the losses related to the tension and current distortion in the electric network; Calidad de la energia electrica. Analisis de las perdidas relacionadas con la distorsion de la tension y corriente de la red electrica

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Rauch Sitar, Vladimir [Universidad Autonoma de Queretaro, Facultad de Ingenieria, Queretaro (Mexico)

    1994-12-31

    In recent times every day one speaks more about power quality and about the losses produced by the tension and current distortion. The distortion in the electric network and the consumption tend to keep on increasing, and each day there will be the need of applying more resources to handle it inside a reasonable range. In this article the situation of the power quality is analyzed in the most general case and also simplified for special cases. On base on the distortion coefficients of tension and current a matrix is created where the harmonics coefficients of tension as well as the current appear in an organized form an all of the elements of that matrix are analyzed. Some topological rules are created in order to give the simplest orientation in the complex situation. The article is useful to supervise the power quality in all of the typical cases and establish a base for a more detailed analysis. [Espanol] En los ultimos tiempos cada dia mas se esta hablando sobre la calidad de la energia electrica (Power Quality) y sobre las perdidas provocadas con este factor. La distorsion de la red electrica y del consumo tiene la tendencia de seguir aumentando y cada dia mas habra que dedicar mas recursos para manejarla dentro de un rango razonable. En el articulo presentado se analiza la situacion de la calidad de energia en caso mas general y tambien simplificada para los casos especiales. A base de coeficientes de distorsion, de tension y corriente se crea una Matriz donde figuran tanto los coeficientes de armonicas de tension como de corriente en una forma ordenada y se analizan todos los elementos de esta matriz. Se crean algunas reglas topologicas para dar la orientacion mas simple en la situacion compleja. El articulo sirve para dar supervision a la calidad de energia en todos los casos tipicos y establecer una base para el analisis mas detallado.

  15. Tensiones residuales generadas en acero F-522 por distintos tipos de mecanizado

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    García-Navas, V.

    2005-08-01

    , como en el interior del material. En este trabajo se han medido, mediante difracción de rayos-X, las tensiones residuales en un acero F-522 templado y revenido, generadas por dos procesos de torneado (torneado duro convencional y torneado duro asistido por láser y dos procesos de rectificado (de afino y de producción. Asimismo, se ha estudiado la evolución a lo largo de la profundidad de la fracción volumétrica de austenita retenida, de la microestructura y de nanodureza con el objetivo de relacionar estos resultados con los estados de tensiones obtenidos para cada mecanizado. Se ha observado que el torneado genera fuertes tensiones de tracción en la superficie y el rectificado tensiones de compresión. Inmediatamente, bajo la superficie, el rectificado genera tensiones ligeramente tractivas o nulas, mientras que el torneado genera tensiones fuertemente compresivas. Estos resultados indican que el proceso óptimo de mecanizado (prescindiendo de consideraciones económicas sería aquel que combinase un torneado duro con un ligero rectificado final

  16. An inevitable wave of prescription drug monitoring programs in the context of prescription opioids: pros, cons and tensions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Islam, M Mofizul; McRae, Ian S

    2014-08-16

    In an effort to control non-medical use and/or medical abuse of prescription drugs, particularly prescription opioids, electronic prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMP) have been introduced in North-American countries, Australia and some parts of Europe. Paradoxically, there are simultaneous pressures to increase opioid prescribing for the benefit of individual patients and to reduce it for the sake of public health, and this pressure warrants a delicate balance of appropriate therapeutic uses of these drugs with the risk of developing dependence. This article discusses pros and cons of PDMP in reducing diversion of prescription opioids, without hampering access to those medications for those with genuine needs, and highlights tensions around PDMP implementation. PDMPs may help alleviate diversion, over-prescription and fraudulent prescribing/dispensing; prompt drug treatment referrals; avoid awkward drug urine test; and inform spatial changes in prescribing practices and help designing tailored interventions. Fear of legal retribution, privacy and data security, potential confusion about addiction and pseudo-addiction, and potential undue pressure of detecting misuse/diversion - are the major problems. There are tensions about unintended consequence of excessive regulatory enforcements, corresponding collateral damages particularly about inadequate prescribing for patients with genuine needs, and mandatory consultation requirements of PDMP. In this era of information technology PDMP is likely to flourish and remain with us for a long time. A clear standard of practice against which physicians' care will be judged may expedite the utilisation of PDMP. In addition, adequate training on addiction and pain management along with public awareness, point-of-supply data entry from pharmacy, point-of-care real-time access to data, increasing access to addiction treatment and appropriate regulatory enforcement preferably through healthcare administration, together

  17. Prevalencia, impacto en la productividad y costos totales de las principales enfermedades en los trabajadores de un hospital al sur del Perú en el año 2003.: Prevalence and economy impact

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fermín RUIZ GUTIÉRREZ

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia, indicadores productivos y costos de las principales enfermedades en el personal hospitalario. Materiales y métodos: Se entrevistó a los trabajadores mediante un cuestionario de auto evaluación validado. Resultados: Se determinó que las enfermedades más frecuentes en el personal fueron: enfermedades respiratorias en 27%, cefalea o migraña y enfermedades vertebrales 15%, dolor abdominal y rinitis alérgica 12%, depresión / ansiedad y enfermedad diarreica aguda (EDA 9% y, asma y enfermedad coronaria en 1%. El absentismo representó el 29% del tiempo total perdido por enfermedad y fueron los trastornos músculo-esqueléticos, cefalea o migraña y enfermedad cardiaca, las enfermedades que más provocaron absentismo en la población con 34,78; 23,34 y 16,63 días respectivamente. El presentismo representó el 71% del tiempo perdido por enfermedad y fueron los trastornos vertebrales con 120,55 días, depresión o ansiedad 53,24 días, cefalea o migraña 52,35, enfermedades respiratorias 44,35 días, rinitis alérgica 25,2 días, dolor abdominal 19,5 días, EDA 15,21 días y enfermedad cardiaca 1,85 días, las que provocaron mas presentismo. Con respectos a los costos, los directos fueron de 9 552,94 dólares, los indirectos fue de 24 596,00 dólares, considerándose que el costo del presentismo fue de 17 561,70 dólares y del absentismo de 7 034,30 dólares. Conclusiones: Las enfermedades con mas prevalencia fueron enfermedades respiratorias, migraña y trastornos vertebrales y las que mas causan pérdida de productividad son las enfermedades de la columna vertebral, cefalea o migraña y ansiedad o depresión, causando cuantiosas pérdidas a la institución, además el presentismo fue 3 veces mas que el absentismo y los costos indirectos fueron 2,5 veces mas que los directos.(Rev Med Hered 2006;17:28-34.

  18. Distribución de tensiones tangenciales en vigas de sección constante bajo esfuerzos cortantes

    OpenAIRE

    Fernández, T.; Viaño, J.; Samartín, A.

    2000-01-01

    En este trabajo se analizan algunos resultados obtenidos por Trabucho y Viaño, mediante desarrollos asintótico de las ecuaciones de la elasticidad tridimensional en vigas de sección constante, para la distribución de tensiones tangenciales en una sección transversal bajo la acción de un esfuerzo cortante. Se aplican, con carácter ilustrativo, a vigas con distintos tipos de secciones transversales (rectangular, circular, triangular y perfil UPN) comparando los resultados con los qu...

  19. Linfoma primario del sistema nervioso central en una paciente con lupus eritematoso sistémico

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    C. N. Pisoni

    2003-06-01

    Full Text Available Se presenta una paciente de 36 años con diagnóstico de lupus eritematoso sistémico tratada con prednisona y ciclofosfamida que se internó por cefalea, hemiparesia y hemianestesia braquiocrural derecha de dos semanas de evolución. Se realizó una tomografía computada y una resonancia magnética nuclear de cerebro que mostraron una lesión nodular frontal izquierda. Se efectuó una biopsia a cielo abierto de la lesión cerebral cuyo diagnóstico histopatológico fue linfoma B de celulas grandes, difuso. Se inició radioterapia, no completó el tratamiento por complicaciones y falleció. Son muy pocos los casos publicados de linfoma primario del sistema nervioso central asociado a lupus eritematoso sistémico.A 36 year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus was admitted to our hospital with headache, brachiocrural hemiparesis and hemianesthesia. She had been treated with prednisone and cyclophosphamide. CT scan and MRI revealed a 15 mm nodular mass enhanced with gadolinium in left frontal convexity. CNS biopsy was performed and a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was diagnosed. She was treated with radiation therapy without response and died. There are few reports of erythematosus systemic lupus associated with primary central nervous system lymphoma.

  20. Tension Headache

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... tight band around your head. A tension headache (tension-type headache) is the most common type of headache, and ... Headache after a head injury, especially if the headache gets worse ... tension or stress. But research suggests muscle contraction isn't the ...

  1. Cálculo de tensiones en uniones soldadas con costuras de filete asimétricas sometidas a flexión. // Bending shear stresses calculation in welded joints with asymmetric welding fillets.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    H. Hernández Herrera

    2004-09-01

    Full Text Available En el trabajo se presenta el cálculo de las tensiones de cortante en la sección de la garganta para las uniones soldadassometidas a flexión con costuras de filete de sección transversal asimétrica cuando el plano de carga no pasa por el centrode flexión o no coincide con los ejes centroidales principales de inercia. Los resultados obtenidos por las expresiones decálculo propuestas se comparan con los obtenidos por el Método de los Elementos Finitos demostrando de esta manera lavalidez de las mismas.Palabras claves: Flexión, uniones soldadas, soldadura de filete.___________________________________________________________________________Abstract.In this paper is presented the bending shear stresses calculation in the throat area for asymmetric welded joints with filletweldings, when the load plane does not go by the flexion center or it do not coincide with the mains inertia centroidal axes.The results obtained by the proposed expressions are compared with those obtained by the Finite Elements Methoddemonstrating by this way the validity of the same ones.Key words: Bending, welded joints, fillet weldings.

  2. Change of residual stresses during plastic deformation under uniaxial tension test; Variacion de las tensiones residuales con la deformacion plastica en el ensayo de traccion

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Benito, J. A.; Jorba, J.; Roca, A.

    2001-07-01

    Hang of longitudinal and transverse residual stresses was studied by X Ray diffraction method as the applied plastic deformation, measured as A% was increased in a standard tension test. The starting material, hot rolling Armco iron, has values close to 0 MPa in longitudinal direction. But it reaches 600 MPa with only A=1,5%, this value remains constant until necking is produced. In transverse direction the stating values are 300 MPa, changes are small and residual stresses remain compressive until the end of tension test. In addition, studies of the changes of residual stresses with time and with misalignment between incident X Ray and drawing direction are presented. (Author) 5 refs.

  3. Prevalencia y características de los pacientes con hipertensión arterial resistente y enfermedad renal crónica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Úrsula Verdalles

    2016-09-01

    Conclusión: La prevalencia de HTA resistente aumenta con la edad, el grado de ERC y la albuminuria. Estrategias como el tratamiento con antagonistas de receptores de aldosterona se asocian con un mejor control tensional en este grupo de pacientes y disminuyen su prevalencia.

  4. Demo 8. Ondas transversales con un muelle gigante

    OpenAIRE

    Ferrer Roca, Chantal; Zúñiga Román, Juan

    2013-01-01

    Objetivos. A. Diferencia entre pulso y onda sinusoidal. Velocidad de propagación de un pulso en función de la tensión. B. Interferencia de pulsos (constructiva y destructiva) C. ondas estacionarias (modos de una cuerda) con posibilidades de medida cuantitativa de la velocidad de propagación. Distintas longitudes y tensiones.

  5. Coulomb string tension, asymptotic string tension, and the gluon chain

    OpenAIRE

    Greensite, Jeff; Szczepaniak, Adam P.

    2014-01-01

    We compute, via numerical simulations, the non-perturbative Coulomb potential of pure SU(3) gauge theory in Coulomb gauge. We find that that the Coulomb potential scales nicely in accordance with asymptotic freedom, that the Coulomb potential is linear in the infrared, and that the Coulomb string tension is about four times larger than the asymptotic string tension. We explain how it is possible that the asymptotic string tension can be lower than the Coulomb string tension by a factor of four.

  6. Estrategias educativas para alumnos con daño cerebral sobrevenido

    OpenAIRE

    Grau Rubio, Claudia

    2007-01-01

    Los síntomas de los niños afectados por un daño cerebral sobrevenido pueden ser pasajeros o permanentes, y presentar alteraciones cognitivas (percepción, atención, memoria y pensamiento), expresivas (lenguaje y motricidad), emocionales y del comportamiento y alteración en las funciones ejecutivas. Asimismo, pueden sufrir ataques de epilepsia, hidrocefalia, cefalea y fatiga crónica y tienen problemas de aprendizaje, de conducta y de adaptación social. La escuela debe hacer las adaptaciones ...

  7. Experiencia con las reacciones adversas asociadas con el interferón alfa 2b recombinante en hematología Experience with the adverse reactions associated with recombinant alpha 2b interferon in hematology

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Idalmis Brito Pascual

    2005-08-01

    Full Text Available El interferón alfa 2b es una citoquina con actividad antiviral, antiproliferativa e inmunomoduladora que ha demostrado ser eficaz para el tratamiento de enfermedades virales y neoplásicas. El presente trabajo se realizó con el propósito de describir la frecuencia de las reacciones adversas asociada con la administración de Heberon alfa R (interferón alfa 2b recombinante en enfermedades hematológicas. Se analizaron las características de base de los pacientes, así como la frecuencia, intensidad y relación de causalidad de los eventos reportados. Los eventos adversos más frecuentes fueron las manifestaciones del síndrome gripal que incluyó fiebre, escalofrío, astenia, mialgias, anorexia y cefalea. Estas manifestaciones son transitorias y responden al tratamiento con antiinflamatorios no esteroideos. La mayoría de los eventos fueron de intensidad leve a moderada y no requirieron la suspensión del tratamiento. En conclusión, el Heberon alfa R es un fármaco relativamente seguro para el tratamiento de trastornos hematológicosAlpha 2b interferon is a cytokine with antiviral, antiproliferative and immunomodulator activity that has proved to be efficient for the treatment of viral and neoplastic diseases, This paper is aimed at describing the frequency of adverse reactions associated with the administration of alpha R Heberon (recombinant alpha 2b interferon in hematological diseases. The basic characteristics of the patients, as well as the frequency, intensity and causality relation of the reported events were analyzed. The most common adverse effects were the manifestations of the gripal syndrome that included fever, chills, astenia, myalgia, anorexia and headache. These manifestations are transitory and respond to the treatment with non-steroideal antiinflammatory drugs. Most of the events were from mild to moderate intensity and did not require the suspension of the treatment. To conclude, alpha R Heberon is a relatively safe drug

  8. Necessary Tension in Marine Risers Tension des colonnes montantes en mer

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lubinski A.

    2006-11-01

    Full Text Available The tension governing transverse static and dynamic deflections in a riser is not the actual tension but the so-called « effective tension » The concept of effective tension and effective compression is thoroughly explained, and means for calculating effective forces are given. Numerical examples are worked out for risers whose length is between 152 m (520 ft and 920 m (3020 ft. The reciprocal of maximum bending moment of the vicinity of the hall joint is plotted versus the effective tension of the ball joint. Bending moments used were obtained through use of static and dynamic computer programs applied ta a variety of conditions of wave loading, use or non-use of buoyant moterial sleeves, etc. The most important parameters affecting riser performance are the effective La tension régissant les déflections transversales statiques et dynamiques d'une colonne montante n'est pas la tension réelle mais ce qu'on appelle « la tension effective ». Le concept de tension ou de compression effective est expliqué en détail et la façon de calculer les forces effectives est indiquée dans cet article. Des exemples numériques sont développés pour des colonnes montantes de longueur comprise entre 152 m (520 ft et 920 m (3 020 ft. On a tracé la courbe de l'inverse du moment fléchissant en fonction de la tension effective à l'articulation. Les moments fléchissants utilisés ont été calculés par ordinateur en utilisant des programmes dynamiques et statiques pour des conditions variées d'action des vagues, la colonne montante étant ou non munie de manchettes de flottabilité, etc. Les deux paramètres les plus importants qui affectent le bon comportement d'une colonne montante sont la tension effective et la charge latérale.

  9. Paquimeningitis craneal hipertrófica idiopática.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jairo Lizarazo

    2004-06-01

    Full Text Available La paquimeningitis craneal hipertrófica idiopática es un raro proceso inflamatorio crónico de etiología desconocida que produce engrosamiento de la duramadre y alteraciones neurológicas progresivas debido a la compresión de estructuras vecinas. Se presenta el caso de una mujer adulta con un cuadro clínico crónico de cefalea, fiebre, pérdida progresiva de la visión y neuropatía óptica bilateral. El diagnóstico se basó en la visualización de la duramadre engrosada en las neuroimágenes y en la exclusión de causas conocidas mediante estudios histopatológicos. La terapia con corticoesteroides mejoró la cefalea pero no el déficit visual. El diagnóstico y el seguimiento de esta entidad se han facilitado con la utilización de la resonancia magnética cerebral con medio de contraste. La biopsia de duramadre sigue siendo la regla de oro para el diagnóstico definitivo de la enfermedad. La terapia con esteroides produce mejoría en un buen número de pacientes; sin embargo, son frecuentes las recaídas por lo que es necesario el uso concomitante de otro inmunosupresor como la ciclofosfamida o la azatioprina. La mortalidad es baja, pero son comunes las secuelas neurológicas definitivas.

  10. The insulation condition diagnosis of high tension generator stators; Diagnostico del estado de aislamiento de estatores de generadores de alta tension

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Robles Pimentel, Edgar Guillermo; Rosales Sedano, Inocente [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)

    1990-12-31

    The high tension electrical generators are very high cost equipment, therefore they need to be very reliable. The generators preventive maintenance based in diagnosis techniques of the insulation condition might mean substantial savings for the user. In this article the most common techniques employed all over the world are presented, the greatest part of them already implemented in Mexico by the authors. The techniques and the equipment employed are analyzed and are exemplified with the results obtained in some field experiences. [Espanol] Los generadores electricos de alta tension son equipos de muy alto costo, por lo que necesitan ser muy confiables. El mantenimiento preventivo de los generadores basado en tecnicas de diagnostico del estado del aislamiento puede significar ahorros sustanciales al usuario. En este articulo se presentan las tecnicas mas comunes empleadas en el mundo, la mayor parte de ellas ya implantadas en Mexico por los autores. Se analizan las tecnicas y el equipo empleado, y se ejemplifica con resultados obtenidos de algunas de las experiencias en el campo.

  11. The insulation condition diagnosis of high tension generator stators; Diagnostico del estado de aislamiento de estatores de generadores de alta tension

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Robles Pimentel, Edgar Guillermo; Rosales Sedano, Inocente [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)

    1989-12-31

    The high tension electrical generators are very high cost equipment, therefore they need to be very reliable. The generators preventive maintenance based in diagnosis techniques of the insulation condition might mean substantial savings for the user. In this article the most common techniques employed all over the world are presented, the greatest part of them already implemented in Mexico by the authors. The techniques and the equipment employed are analyzed and are exemplified with the results obtained in some field experiences. [Espanol] Los generadores electricos de alta tension son equipos de muy alto costo, por lo que necesitan ser muy confiables. El mantenimiento preventivo de los generadores basado en tecnicas de diagnostico del estado del aislamiento puede significar ahorros sustanciales al usuario. En este articulo se presentan las tecnicas mas comunes empleadas en el mundo, la mayor parte de ellas ya implantadas en Mexico por los autores. Se analizan las tecnicas y el equipo empleado, y se ejemplifica con resultados obtenidos de algunas de las experiencias en el campo.

  12. Repercusión del trabajo con pantallas de visualización de datos en la salud de los obreros Impact of visual display in computer use on the occupational health

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lourdes M. Moreno Pérez

    2007-12-01

    Full Text Available Las pantallas de visualización de datos son unidades periféricas de salida que permiten la visualización de la información, el personal humano las utiliza de diferentes maneras. Con el objetivo de determinar existencia de alteraciones de salud se realizó un estudio a 52 operadores de pantallas que laboran de forma continua con estos equipos. Se encontró que la mayor incidencia de trastornos referidos por los obreros fueron los oculares (48,07 %; la cefalea (con 25 %, y la ansiedad (19,23 %. Se investigó, además, las condiciones ergonómicas de sus centros laborales, y se detectaron deficiencias en 100 % de los obreros estudiados; el exceso de ruido fue la condición más negativa reportada.Computer displays are peripheral output units that allow visualizing data and the human resources use them in different ways. With the objective of finding out health problems related to this issue, 52 computer operators, who work permanently with these pieces of equipment, were studied. It was found that the greates incidental problems were occular disorders (48.07 %, headache (25 % and anxiety (19.23 %. Besides, the ergonomic conditons in their workplaces were also studied and the results showed deficiencies in 100 % of them. Excessive noise was the most negative reported condition.

  13. Leucoencefalopatía posterior reversible secundaria a glomerulonefritis postestreptocócica: a propósito de un caso

    OpenAIRE

    BAZZINO, FERNANDO; PANDOLFO, SOLEDAD; PROTASIO, LAURA; PUJADAS, MóNICA; CERISOLA, ALFREDO; GONZáLEZ, GABRIEL; CAGGIANI, MARINA; RUBIO, IVONNE

    2005-01-01

    Resumen La leucoencefalopatía posterior reversible (LEPR) es una entidad clínico-radiológica que afecta habitualmente la sustancia blanca de los hemisferios cerebrales. Se asocia con frecuencia a hipertensión arterial aguda y al tratamiento inmunosupresor, entre otras causas. La presentación clínica es variada, con cefaleas, náuseas, vómitos, deterioro de conciencia y alteración en el comportamiento, convulsiones y trastornos visuales, síntomas que frecuentemente retroceden. La tomografía axi...

  14. Evaluación de la seguridad del nimotuzumab en pacientes con cáncer de pulmón de células no pequeñas portadores de metástasis cerebral

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nadia Aguilera Calvo

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available Fundamento: nimotuzumab es un novedoso anticuerpo monoclonal humanizado, con efecto antitumoral, que reconoce el receptor del factor de crecimiento epidérmico sobrexpresado en muchos tumores malignos de origen epitelial, como: esófago, pulmón, glioblastoma multiforme y próstata. Es usado en combinación con las terapias oncoespecificas, como quimioterapia o radiosensibilizador. Hasta la fecha se han tratado más de 2000 pacientes con este producto, además, es el primer anticuerpo monoclonal registrado en el país para pacientes pediátricos. Objetivo: describir los eventos adversos asociados con el nimotuzumab en pacientes con cáncer de pulmón de células no pequeñas portadores de metástasis cerebral incluidos en un ensayo clínico. Métodos: se analizaron las características de base de los pacientes, así como la frecuencia, intensidad y relación de causalidad de los eventos reportados. La población de estudio la conformaron todos los pacientes incluidos en el ensayo clínico. Resultados: la mayoría de los eventos fueron de intensidad leve a moderada y no requirieron la suspensión del tratamiento. Los eventos adversos más frecuentes fueron: astenia, anorexia, cefalea y vértigos; efectos reportados en estudios previos. Conclusiones: nimotuzumab es un fármaco seguro para el tratamiento de pacientes aquejados de cáncer de pulmón de células no pequeñas y metástasis cerebral.

  15. Conferencias Anatomopatológicas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    San Juan de Dios Hospital de

    1953-01-01

    Full Text Available Caso número cuatro: La enferma ingresa al servicio de Clínica Semiológica el 5 de abril de 1951, por presentar ictericia, fiebre, dolor abdominal intenso, localizado principalmente en el hipocondrio derecho, nauseas, vomitus y cefalea / Caso número cinco: lngresa al Servicio Quirúrgico el 15 de junio de 1951, con sintomatologia de colelitiasis.

  16. Estudio mediante difracción de Rayos-X de las tensiones residuales generadas por diferentes tipos de mecanizado

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    García, V.

    2004-04-01

    Full Text Available The aim of the present work is the measurement of residual stresses using X-ray diffraction in materials subjected to different kinds of machining, to show the relevance of an adequate choice of machining type and parameters on the quality of the generated surface, especially in the residual stress final state. Different materials (stainless steel 17/7 PH, Ti-6Al-4V and F-521 tool steel subjected to hard-turning and grinding have been investigated. In each case the evolution of the residual stress with distance to surface has been obtained. An integral method has been applied to determine the residual stress state by measuring the changes in the diffraction angle position. This method provides the full stress tensor and the stress gradient tensor in the longitudinal and transversal directions and in depth. X-ray diffraction measurements have allowed the evaluation of both macroscopic and microscopic residual stresses (the latter only qualitatively.

    El propósito de este trabajo es la medición de tensiones residuales mediante difracción de rayos‑X en materiales sometidos a diferentes tipos de mecanizado, con el fin de mostrar la importancia que tiene una correcta elección del tipo y parámetros del mecanizado en la calidad de la superficie creada, especialmente en el estado final de tensiones residuales. Se han realizado mediciones sobre distintos materiales (acero inoxidable 17/7 PH, Ti-6Al-4V y acero de herramienta F-521, mecanizados mediante torneado duro o rectificado. En cada caso se ha obtenido la evolución del estado de tensiones con la distancia a la superficie. Se ha aplicado un método integral para deducir las tensiones residuales a partir de medidas de la variación en la posición del pico de difracción. Este método proporciona el tensor de tensiones completo, así como los tensores gradientes de tensiones en dirección longitudinal, transversal y en profundidad. Las medidas de difracción de rayos-X han permitido la

  17. Affective and Cognitive Aspects in Fibromyalgia: The Roles of Catastrophizing and Acceptance

    OpenAIRE

    Rodero Fernández, Baltasar; García Campayo, Javier; Gascón Santos, Santiago

    2012-01-01

    La fibromialgia es una enfermedad crónica, de causa actualmente desconocida, que se caracteriza por la presencia de dolor músculo-esquelético generalizado, asociado a una serie de puntos dolorosos específicos que nos ayudan a su diagnóstico (Wolfe et al., 1990). Con frecuencia se asocia con fatiga crónica, alteraciones del sueño, rigidez matutina, alteraciones del estado de ánimo (ansiedad y depresión), cefaleas, problemas en la menstruación, dolor temporomandibular y síndrome del intestino i...

  18. Proceso de negociación del tratado sobre el comercio de armas: tensiones y dinámicas de poder

    OpenAIRE

    del Castillo Briceño, Paula Johana

    2014-01-01

    El interés del presente estudio de caso es analizar la articulación de las dinámicas de poder y estrategias de negociación detrás de un proceso tan complejo como el de la creación del Tratado sobre el Comercio de Armas.El estudio examina la evolución de las tensiones principales entre los Estados participantes frente al Tratado y resalta las lógicas de poder al interior de las negociaciónes, así como los factores externos que influyeron para solucionar o agravar dichas tensiones. Con el apoyo...

  19. Reactor vessel stud tensioner

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Malandra, L.J.; Beer, R.W.; Salton, R.B.; Spiegelman, S.R.; Cognevich, M.L.

    1982-01-01

    A quick-acting stud tensioner, for facilitating the loosening or tightening of a stud nut on a reactor vessel stud, has gripper jaws which when the tensioner is lowered into engagement with the upper end of the stud are moved inwards to grip the upper end and which when the tensioner is lifted move outward to release the upper end. (author)

  20. Tiopental sódico en pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica y sin esta: Estudio comparativo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jorge Enrique Trujillo Salgado

    1996-12-01

    Full Text Available Se revisaron 56 expedientes clínicos con los protocolos de anestesiología de 26 pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica (IRC y de 30 pacientes considerados sanos. Fueron variables para estudio, edad, sexo, peso corporal en kilogramos, hemoglobina, tensiones arteriales sistólica y diastólica, frecuencia cardíaca, complicaciones posinducción y las dosis de tiopental sódico en miligramos por kilogramos. Se utilizó análisis de varianza. Fueron significativas las variaciones con p Fifty six medical histories with the anesthesiology protocols of 26 patients with chronic renal failure (CRF and of 30 sound patients were reviewed. Age, sex, body weight in kg, haemoglobine, systolic and diastolic arterial tensions, heart rate, postinduction complications, and thiopental sodium doses in mg x kg were the variables used in this study. The variance analysis was used. Variations with p < 0,05 were significant. The sample was divided into patients without CRF (group I and with CRF (group II. There were no differences between the thiopental sodium anesthetic doses of both groups (4,59 + 3,88 mg/kg, group I and 5,89 + 4,15 mg/kg, group II. Arterial tension descended more in patients from group II as a result of anesthesia induction. This variation did not mean a greater incidence of hypotension between both groups (16,6 % in I and 15,3 % in II. It is concluded that in our enviroment the necessary dose of thiopental sodium to induce anesthesia in patients with and without CRF was not statistically different. However, the fal of arterial tensions was more important in group II. It is recommended to take more precaution in the administration of thiopental sodium to these patients

  1. Melanomatosis leptomeníngea

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Julián Castro Castro

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available Mujer de 39 años que acude a urgencias por un cuadro de cefalea occipital y cervicalgia de dos meses de evolución, con pérdida de visión. En la exploración presentaba signo de Babinski izquierdo y edema de papila bilateral. En el TC craneal se evidenciaba hidrocefalia tetraventricular y lesio-nes hiperdensas difusas por toda la corteza cerebral

  2. General definition of gravitational tension

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Harmark, T.; Obers, N.A.

    2004-01-01

    In this note we give a general definition of the gravitational tension in a given asymptotically translationally-invariant spatial direction of a space-time. The tension is defined via the extrinsic curvature in analogy with the Hawking-Horowitz definition of energy. We show the consistency with the ADM tension formulas for asymptotically-flat space-times, in particular for Kaluza-Klein black hole solutions. Moreover, we apply the general tension formula to near-extremal branes, constituting a check for non-asymptotically flat space-times. (author)

  3. Structural design significance of tension-tension fatigue data on composites

    Science.gov (United States)

    Grimes, G. C.

    1977-01-01

    Constant cycle tension-tension fatigue and related static tension data have been generated on six single composite material/orientation combinations and twenty-one hybrid composite material/orientation combinations. Anomalies are related to the temperature rise and stopped interval creep, whereas endurance limit stresses (runouts) are associated with static proportional limit values, when they occur, and internal damage. The significance of these room temperature-dry data on the design allowables and weight of aerodynamic structueres is discussed. Such structures are helicopter rotor blades and wing and horizontal stabilizer lower surfaces. Typical criteria for turning these data into preliminary allowables are shown, as are examples of such allowables developed from the data. These values are then compared to those that might be used if the structures were made of metal.

  4. Tension type headache

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Debashish Chowdhury

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Tension type headaches are common in clinical practice. Earlier known by various names, the diagnosis has had psychological connotations. Recent evidence has helped clarify the neurobiological basis and the disorder is increasingly considered more in the preview of neurologists. The classification, clinical features, differential diagnosis and treatment of tension type headache are discussed in this paper.

  5. Hemangioblastomas de fosa posterior: Reporte de 16 casos y revisión de la literatura

    Science.gov (United States)

    Campero, Alvaro; Ajler, Pablo; Fernandez, Julio; Isolan, Gustavo; Paiz, Martin; Rivadeneira, Conrado

    2016-01-01

    Resumen Objetivo: El propósito del presente trabajo es presentar los resultados de 16 pacientes con diagnóstico de hemangioblastoma de fosa posterior (HBFP), operados con técnicas microquirúrgicas. Método: Desde junio de 2005 a diciembre de 2015, 16 pacientes con diagnóstico de HBFP fueron intervenidos quirúrgicamente. Se evaluó: sexo, edad, tipo de lesión (quística con nódulo, quística sin nódulo, sólida y sólida-quística), sintomatología y resultados postoperatorios. Resultados: De los 16 pacientes intervenidos, 11 fueron varones y 5 mujeres. La edad promedio fue de 44 años. La forma más frecuente fue quística con nódulo (57%), seguida por forma sólida (31%). Un solo caso presentó la forma quística sin nódulo (6%), y uno solo la forma sólido-quística (6%). La sintomatología más frecuente fue cefalea acompañada de síndrome cerebeloso (43%), seguido de síndrome de hipertensión endocraneana (25%). En todos los casos la resección fue completa, siendo necesario en un caso una embolización previa. Como complicaciones postoperatorias, 2 pacientes presentaron ataxia (mejoró al cabo de 3 meses), y 1 paciente presentó una fístula de LCR (se solucionó con un drenaje espinal externo). Se registró un óbito por complicaciones postoperatorias. Conclusión: Lo más frecuente de ver en pacientes con HBFP es la forma quística con nódulo, siendo su sintomatología predominante la cefalea acompañada de síndrome cerebeloso. La resección quirúrgica completa es posible, con una baja tasa de morbimortalidad. PMID:27999708

  6. Resistencia al choque térmico de Y-TZP con fisuras Palmqvist

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fargas Ribas, G.

    2003-02-01

    Full Text Available The thermal shock response of two tetragonal zirconia polycrystals stabilised with 2.5% molar yttria, with two different levels of fracture toughness, has been investigated. Palmqvist cracks are generated by indentation and the crack extension is quantified by assuming that the residual thermal stresses responsible for its extension during thermal shock are smaller than those acting on the crack immediately after indentation. It is proposed to use a thermal shock resistance parameter that only depends on the crack extension induced by thermal stresses generated during the abrupt changes in temperature. The results are applied to the study of thermal shock resistance and they are compared with experimental results.

    Se analiza el comportamiento frente al choque térmico de policristales de circona tetragonal dopados con 2.5% molar de itria (Y-TZP, con dos niveles distintos de tenacidad y con fisuras de indentación del tipo Palmqvist. El proceso de extensión de la fisura se cuantifica suponiendo que las tensiones residuales responsables de su propagación estable durante el choque térmico son inferiores a las presentes en el material inmediatamente después de aplicar la indentación. Se propone la utilización de un parámetro de resistencia al choque térmico que solamente depende de la extensión de las fisuras por efecto de las tensiones térmicas generadas durante el cambio brusco de temperatura. Los resultados del análisis se aplican al estudio del choque térmico y se comparan con los resultados experimentales.

  7. On relation between the quark-gluon bag surface tension and the colour tube string tension

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bugaev, K.A.; Zinovjev, G.M.

    2010-01-01

    We revisit the bag phenomenology of deconfining phase transition aiming to replenish it by introducing systematically the bag surface tension. Comparing the free energies of such bags and the strings confining the static quark-antiquark pair, we express the string tension in terms of the bag surface tension and the bulk pressure in order to estimate the bag characteristics using the lattice QCD (LQCD) data. Our analysis of the bag entropy density demonstrates that the surface tension coefficient is amazingly negative at the cross-over (continuous transition). The approach developed allows us to naturally account for an origin of a pronounced maximum (observed in the LQCD studies) in the behaviour of heavy quark-antiquark pair entropy. The vicinity of the (tri-)critical endpoint is also analyzed to clarify the meaning of vanishing surface tension coefficient.

  8. Soft-tissue tension total knee arthroplasty.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Asano, Hiroshi; Hoshino, Akiho; Wilton, Tim J

    2004-08-01

    It is far from clear how best to define the proper strength of soft-tissue tensioning in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We attached a torque driver to the Monogram balancer/tensor device and measured soft-tissue tension in full extension and 90 degrees flexion during TKA. In our surgical procedure, when we felt proper soft-tissue tension was being applied, the mean distraction force was noted to be 126N in extension and 121N in flexion. There was no significant correlation between soft-tissue tension and the postoperative flexion angle finally achieved. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to assess the actual distraction forces in relation to soft-tissue tension in TKA. Further study may reveal the most appropriate forces to achieve proper soft-tissue tension in the wide variety of circumstances presenting at knee arthroplasty.

  9. Spontaneous tension haemopneumothorax

    OpenAIRE

    Patterson, Benjamin Oliver; Itam, Sarah; Probst, Fey

    2008-01-01

    Abstract We present a patient with sudden onset progressive shortness of breath and no history of trauma, who rapidly became haemodynamically compromised with a pneumothorax and pleural effusion seen on chest radiograph. He was treated for spontaneous tension pneumothorax but this was soon revealed to be a tension haemopneumothorax. He underwent urgent thoracotomy after persistent bleeding to explore an apical vascular abnormality seen on CT scanning. To our knowledge this is the first such c...

  10. Voltage pre-regulator without insulation with high efficiency; Pre-regulador de tension sin aislamiento con alta eficiencia

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Lopez Ramos, Octaviano

    2003-04-15

    strokes it is illustrated that the results obtained in the proposed topology are satisfactory because it succeeds in maintaining a high efficiency and a high power factor. [Spanish] Actualmente existe una problematica por el uso inadecuado e ineficiente de la energia electrica en los sistemas de alimentacion, esta problematica se va complicando aun mas con el paso del tiempo, debido a la proliferacion de equipos electronicos que no incorporan alguna solucion para dicha problematica. Esto ha ocasionado una tendencia hacia el desarrollo de sistemas que procesen con mayor eficiencia ({eta}) la energia electrica. Ademas para hacer un buen uso de la energia, se les disena para que puedan corregir el factor de potencia (FP) y por lo tanto reducen la contaminacion de armonicos en la red; los cuales provocan fallas o destruccion en otros equipos electronicos. Adicionalmente se les puede disenar para obtener una buena respuesta dinamica, lo cual asegura que podran contrarrestar eficientemente cambios de carga. La caracteristica no lineal que esta presente en todas las fuentes de alimentacion, que basan su entrada en una etapa de rectificacion y filtrado, provocan un bajo factor de potencia (FP) y una alta distorsion armonica total (THD). El factor es contaminar la red electrica, lo cual puede provocar fallas o descomposturas de otros equipos. Desde hace aproximadamente 15 anos la preocupacion por resolver este problema de uso inadecuado de la energia ha tomado importancia, desarrollando convertidores que corrigen el FP (pre-regulador) y que tradicionalmente se conectan en cascada con la tipica etapa de conversion de corriente directa a corriente directa (CD-CD) usada para regular la tension; esta solucion tiene una baja eficiencia ({eta}) y alto costo, por el exceso de componentes conectados en cascada. Sin embargo la respuesta dinamica (RD) es adecuada ya que se cuenta con etapas separadas para la correccion del FP y la regulacion. A partir de una revision del estado del arte, en

  11. Tension headache.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ziegler, D K

    1978-05-01

    Headache is an extremely common symptom, and many headaches undoubtedly have a relationship to stressful situations. The clear definition, however, of a "tension headache" complex and its differentiation from migraine in some patients is difficult. The problems are in the identification of a specific headache pattern induced by stress or "tension" and the relationship of the symptom to involuntary contraction of neck and scalp muscles. Treatment consists of analgesics and occasionally mild tranquilizers. Psychotherapy consists of reassurance and often other supportive measures, including modification of life styles. Various feedback techniques have been reported of value, but their superiority to suggestion and hypnosis is still problematic.

  12. Síndrome de Vogt Koyanagi Harada

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Brunilda de los Angeles Aveleira Ortiz

    2014-10-01

    Full Text Available Se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de 28 años de edad, con síndrome de Vogt Koyanagi Harada (SVKH, con síntomas acompañantes de dolor ocular, cefalea y disminución de la visión en ambos ojos y con signos de hipoacusia e irritación meníngea. Se encontró en ella panuveítis granulomatosa bilateral. Más tarde desarrolló presión intraocular alta y síntomas de diabetes secundaria al tratamiento con esteroides. Por esta razón el tratamiento inicial fue cambiado a inmunosupresores. La alta presión intraocular fue controlada con timolol 0,5% tópico. La ciclosporina A mostró buena eficacia clínica y remisión de la inflamación ocular. Pacientes con intolerancia y/o resistencia a los esteroides requieren inmunosupresores

  13. Tensions in Distributed Leadership

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ho, Jeanne; Ng, David

    2017-01-01

    Purpose: This article proposes the utility of using activity theory as an analytical lens to examine the theoretical construct of distributed leadership, specifically to illuminate tensions encountered by leaders and how they resolved these tensions. Research Method: The study adopted the naturalistic inquiry approach of a case study of an…

  14. Artificial intelligence tools to support the analysis of the high tension insulator flaming; Herramientas de inteligencia artificial de apoyo al analisis de flameos en aisladores de alta tension

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Rodriguez Ortiz, Guillermo; Mejia Lavalle, Manuel; Montoya Tena, Gerardo [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)

    1996-12-31

    Four artificial intelligence tools developed at the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) to support the analysis of high tension insulator flaming are described. The first tool builds up a decision tree departing from historical data, the other 3 tools operate departing from the decision tree previously created to generate production rules, function as an expert system and make tests with many already known cases. These tools could predict the impending occurrence of flaming with enough time allowance for the insulators to be cleaned, since the traditional practice is the periodical cleaning of the insulators and this is not always adequate since the cleaning teams are limited, and the action of the environment is not always constant and for that reason insulators that do not need it are cleaned and vice-versa [Espanol] Se describen 4 herramientas de inteligencia artificial desarrolladas en el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) para apoyar al analisis de flameos en aisladores de alta tension. La primera herramienta construye el arbol de decision a partir de datos historicos; las otras 3 herramientas operan a partir del arbol de decision previamente creado para generar reglas de produccion, funcionar a la manera de un sistema experto y hacer pruebas con muchos casos conocidos. Estas herramientas podrian predecir la ocurrencia inminente del flameo con tiempo suficiente para que los aisladores se limpien, ya que la forma tradicional es limpiar periodicamente los aisladores y esto a veces no es adecuado debido a que las cuadrillas de limpieza son limitadas, ademas de que la accion del medio ambiente no es constante y es por eso que a veces se limpian aisladores que no lo necesitan o viceversa

  15. Artificial intelligence tools to support the analysis of the high tension insulator flaming; Herramientas de inteligencia artificial de apoyo al analisis de flameos en aisladores de alta tension

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Rodriguez Ortiz, Guillermo; Mejia Lavalle, Manuel; Montoya Tena, Gerardo [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)

    1997-12-31

    Four artificial intelligence tools developed at the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) to support the analysis of high tension insulator flaming are described. The first tool builds up a decision tree departing from historical data, the other 3 tools operate departing from the decision tree previously created to generate production rules, function as an expert system and make tests with many already known cases. These tools could predict the impending occurrence of flaming with enough time allowance for the insulators to be cleaned, since the traditional practice is the periodical cleaning of the insulators and this is not always adequate since the cleaning teams are limited, and the action of the environment is not always constant and for that reason insulators that do not need it are cleaned and vice-versa [Espanol] Se describen 4 herramientas de inteligencia artificial desarrolladas en el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) para apoyar al analisis de flameos en aisladores de alta tension. La primera herramienta construye el arbol de decision a partir de datos historicos; las otras 3 herramientas operan a partir del arbol de decision previamente creado para generar reglas de produccion, funcionar a la manera de un sistema experto y hacer pruebas con muchos casos conocidos. Estas herramientas podrian predecir la ocurrencia inminente del flameo con tiempo suficiente para que los aisladores se limpien, ya que la forma tradicional es limpiar periodicamente los aisladores y esto a veces no es adecuado debido a que las cuadrillas de limpieza son limitadas, ademas de que la accion del medio ambiente no es constante y es por eso que a veces se limpian aisladores que no lo necesitan o viceversa

  16. Mal de Montaña, migraña y depresión: Coexistencia casual o causal? Posible rol de la hipoxia ambiental.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alberto Arregui

    1995-10-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Estudiar la posible asociación entre mal de montaña crónico, migraña y depresión. Material y métodos: Estudio epidemiológico realizado en setiembre de 1990en 379 hombres adultos con residencia permanente en la ciudad de Cerro de Pasco (4300 m.s.n.m.; se hicieron 15 preguntas asociadas a depresión y 9 preguntas asociadas al mal de montaña crónico (MMC con las que se calcularon puntajes de depresión y del mal de montaña crónico. Los puntajes por encima de dos desviaciones estándar de la media fueron considerados como altos. Resultados: La frecuencia de migrañas fue de 48.3% entre hombres con puntajes altos de MMC y de 26.5% entre aquellos con puntajes normales (p=0.013. El 16.7% de hombres con puntaje alto de MMC tuvo puntaje alto de depresión mientras que sólo el 6.5% con puntaje normal de MMC tuvo puntaje alto de depresión (p=0.04. El riesgo de tener puntaje alto de depresión o de MMC fue más del doble entre hombres con migrañas comparados con hombres sin migrañas. La posibilidad de tener migraña o puntajes alto de MMC, fue tres veces mayor entre hombres con puntajes alto de depresión comparados con los que tuvieron puntajes de MMC más altos que aquellos sin cefaleas o con otros tipos de cefaleas. Conclusiones: Los datos muestran una coexistencia más que casual entre estas tres entidades clínicas. Se sugiere que un factor de riesgo común a las tres sea la hipoxia crónica que podría producir cambios neuroquímicos en el cerebro que explicaría, en parte, los síntomas de estos tres síndromes. Los datos también sugieren que los síntomas subjetivos que ocurren en el mal de montaña crónico son similares a los que ocurren en la depresión. (Rev Med Hered 1996; 6: 163-167.

  17. Tension pneumocephalus: Mount Fuji sign

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pulastya Sanyal

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available A 13-year-old male was operated for a space occupying lesion in the brain. A noncontrast computed tomography scan done in the late postoperative period showed massive subdural air collection causing compression of bilateral frontal lobes with widening of interhemispheric fissure and the frontal lobes acquiring a peak like configuration - causing tension pneumocephalus-"Mount Fuji sign." Tension pneumocephalus occurs when air enters the extradural or intradural spaces in sufficient volume to exert a mass or pressure effect on the brain, leading to brain herniation. Tension pneumocephalus is a surgical emergency, which needs immediate intervention in the form of decompression of the cranial cavity by a burr hole or needle aspiration. The Mount Fuji sign differentiates tension pneumocephalus from pneumocephalus.

  18. COMERCIO EQUITATIVO: TENSIONES Y DESAFÍOS RELACIONADOS CON LA AMPLIACIÓN DE LOS MERCADOS. APROXIMACIÓN EN TÉRMINOS DE DINÁMICA DE ACTORES Y DE GÉNERO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sophie Charlier Yépez Del Castillo

    2009-06-01

    Full Text Available En esta comunicación se analiza el impacto y las consecuencias de la ampliación de mercados sobre el comercio justo. Fundado sobre principios y normas precisas, el comercio justo de un mercado incipiente se ha convertido en el lapso de diez años en un mercado en plena expansión. Este crecimiento relacionado con la entrada del comercio equitativo en el circuito convencional —sobre todo en los supermercados— ha sido acompañado de un cambio progresivo de los valores del comercio justo. Su apertura al mercado internacional permitió ampliar mercados y desarrollar nuevas competencias. Pero igualmente se crearon tensiones entre nuevos e históricos actores del comercio justo. A partir de una perspectiva de género, en este artículo se analizan las consecuencias de la ampliación de los mercados sobre el empoderamiento de las mujeres —individual y colectivo—, las relaciones de género, la participación y el desarrollo local.   ABSTRACT This essay analyzes the impact and the consequences of expansion of markets on fair trade. Founded on precise principles and norms, in a lapse of ten years fair trade has converted from an incipient market into one in full expansion. This growth related with the entry of equitable trade into the conventional circuit —in particular in supermarkets— has been accompanied by a progressive change of the values of fair trade. Its opening to the international market enabled the expansion of markets and development of new competencies. But tensions were also created between new and historic actors of fair trade. Based on a gender perspective, this article analyzes the consequences of market expansion on the —individual and collective— empowerment of women, gender relations, participation, and local development.

  19. Shape accuracy optimization for cable-rib tension deployable antenna structure with tensioned cables

    Science.gov (United States)

    Liu, Ruiwei; Guo, Hongwei; Liu, Rongqiang; Wang, Hongxiang; Tang, Dewei; Song, Xiaoke

    2017-11-01

    Shape accuracy is of substantial importance in deployable structures as the demand for large-scale deployable structures in various fields, especially in aerospace engineering, increases. The main purpose of this paper is to present a shape accuracy optimization method to find the optimal pretensions for the desired shape of cable-rib tension deployable antenna structure with tensioned cables. First, an analysis model of the deployable structure is established by using finite element method. In this model, geometrical nonlinearity is considered for the cable element and beam element. Flexible deformations of the deployable structure under the action of cable network and tensioned cables are subsequently analyzed separately. Moreover, the influence of pretension of tensioned cables on natural frequencies is studied. Based on the results, a genetic algorithm is used to find a set of reasonable pretension and thus minimize structural deformation under the first natural frequency constraint. Finally, numerical simulations are presented to analyze the deployable structure under two kinds of constraints. Results show that the shape accuracy and natural frequencies of deployable structure can be effectively improved by pretension optimization.

  20. Spontaneous tension haemopneumothorax.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Patterson, Benjamin Oliver; Itam, Sarah; Probst, Fey

    2008-10-31

    We present a patient with sudden onset progressive shortness of breath and no history of trauma, who rapidly became haemodynamically compromised with a pneumothorax and pleural effusion seen on chest radiograph. He was treated for spontaneous tension pneumothorax but this was soon revealed to be a tension haemopneumothorax. He underwent urgent thoracotomy after persistent bleeding to explore an apical vascular abnormality seen on CT scanning. To our knowledge this is the first such case reported.Aetiology and current approach to spontaneous haemothorax are discussed briefly.

  1. Membrane tension regulates clathrin-coated pit dynamics

    Science.gov (United States)

    Liu, Allen

    2014-03-01

    Intracellular organization depends on close communication between the extracellular environment and a network of cytoskeleton filaments. The interactions between cytoskeletal filaments and the plasma membrane lead to changes in membrane tension that in turns help regulate biological processes. Endocytosis is thought to be stimulated by low membrane tension and the removal of membrane increases membrane tension. While it is appreciated that the opposing effects of exocytosis and endocytosis have on keeping plasma membrane tension to a set point, it is not clear how membrane tension affects the dynamics of clathrin-coated pits (CCPs), the individual functional units of clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Furthermore, although it was recently shown that actin dynamics counteracts membrane tension during CCP formation, it is not clear what roles plasma membrane tension plays during CCP initiation. Based on the notion that plasma membrane tension is increased when the membrane area increases during cell spreading, we designed micro-patterned surfaces of different sizes to control the cell spreading sizes. Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy of living cells and high content image analysis were used to quantify the dynamics of CCPs. We found that there is an increased proportion of CCPs with short (<20s) lifetime for cells on larger patterns. Interestingly, cells on larger patterns have higher CCP initiation density, an effect unexpected based on the conventional view of decreasing endocytosis with increasing membrane tension. Furthermore, by analyzing the intensity profiles of CCPs that were longer-lived, we found CCP intensity decreases with increasing cell size, indicating that the CCPs are smaller with increasing membrane tension. Finally, disruption of actin dynamics significantly increased the number of short-lived CCPs, but also decreased CCP initiation rate. Together, our study reveals new mechanistic insights into how plasma membrane tension regulates

  2. Demonios con entendimiento. Política y moral en la filosofía práctica de Kant

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lazos, Efraín

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available This essay studies two sources of tension within Kant’s idea of society: on the one hand, the tension arising from the connections and differences between morality and politics; on the other, the tensions between two narratives or argument lines which dominate Kant’s texts, the transcendental and the teleological narratives. The essay argues that such tensions may only be attenuated with a particular slant: that is, emphasizing the transcendental narrative and the thesis of the primacy of morality, over and above the teleological narrative and the thesis of the independence of politics vis a vis morality.

    El ensayo estudia dos fuentes de tensión en la idea kantiana de sociedad: por un lado, la tensión configurada por las conexiones y diferencias entre la moral y la política; y, por otro, las tensiones entre dos relatos o líneas argumentales que dominan los textos kantianos, los relatos trascendental y teleológico. La propuesta del ensayo es que tales tensiones pueden atenuarse con un sesgo particular, esto es, enfatizando el relato trascendental y la tesis de la primacía de la moral, frente al relato teleológico y la tesis de la independencia de la política respecto de la moral.

  3. Spontaneous tension haemopneumothorax

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Itam Sarah

    2008-10-01

    Full Text Available Abstract We present a patient with sudden onset progressive shortness of breath and no history of trauma, who rapidly became haemodynamically compromised with a pneumothorax and pleural effusion seen on chest radiograph. He was treated for spontaneous tension pneumothorax but this was soon revealed to be a tension haemopneumothorax. He underwent urgent thoracotomy after persistent bleeding to explore an apical vascular abnormality seen on CT scanning. To our knowledge this is the first such case reported. Aetiology and current approach to spontaneous haemothorax are discussed briefly.

  4. Meningoencefalitis amebiana primaria: comunicacion de dos nuevos casos Venezolanos Primary amebic meningoencephalitis: two new cases report from Venezuela

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fátima Petit

    2006-12-01

    Full Text Available La meningoencefalitis amebiana primaria (MAP es infrecuente. Describimos dos nuevos casos de MAP en pacientes Venezolanos. Caso 1, Varón de 10 años, con fiebre, cefalea, vómitos y debilidad generalizada, y antecedente de inmersión en un estanque de agua días antes del inicio de sus síntomas, falleciendo 72 horas después del ingreso. Caso 2, Varón de 23 años con historia de cefalea, fiebre, vómitos, somnolencia y cambios de conducta. El paciente falleció 40 horas después. El estudio neuropatológico en ambos casos reveló MAP por Naegleria fowleri. La encefalitis por amebas anfizoicas debe sospecharse en casos de meningoencefalitis asépticas.Primary amebic menigoencephalitis (PAM is rare. Two cases of PAM in Venezuelan patients are described. Case 1, a 10 year-old male with headache, fever, vomiting. The patient swam in a water reservoir before the onset of his disease. He died during his third hospital day. Case 2, a 23 year-old male with a history of headache, fever, vomiting, drowsiness, and behavioral disturbances. The patient died on his second hospital day. The diagnosis in both cases was PAM due to Naegleria fowleri. Central nervous system infection by free-living amebas should be considered in meningoencephalitides with bacterial-free cerebro-spinal fluid.

  5. Initial tension loss in cerclage cables.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ménard, Jérémie; Émard, Maxime; Canet, Fanny; Brailovski, Vladimir; Petit, Yvan; Laflamme, George Y

    2013-10-01

    Cerclage cables, frequently used in the management of fractures and osteotomies, are associated with a high failure rate and significant loosening during surgery. This study compared the capacity to maintain tension of different types of orthopaedic cable systems. Multifilament Cobalt-Chrome (CoCr) cables with four different crimp/clamp devices (DePuy, Stryker, Zimmer and Smith&Nephew) and one non-metallic Nylon (Ny) cable from Kinamed were instrumented with a load cell to measure tension during insertion. Significant tension loss was observed with crimping for all cables (Ptensioner led to an additional unexpected tension loss (CoCr-DePuy: 18%, CoCr-Stryker: 29%, CoCr-Smith&Nephew: 33%, Ny: 46%, and CoCr-Zimmer: 52%). The simple CoCr (DePuy) cable system outperformed the more sophisticated locking devices due to its significantly better ability to prevent tension loss. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  6. Toward a general psychological model of tension and suspense.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lehne, Moritz; Koelsch, Stefan

    2015-01-01

    Tension and suspense are powerful emotional experiences that occur in a wide variety of contexts (e.g., in music, film, literature, and everyday life). The omnipresence of tension and suspense suggests that they build on very basic cognitive and affective mechanisms. However, the psychological underpinnings of tension experiences remain largely unexplained, and tension and suspense are rarely discussed from a general, domain-independent perspective. In this paper, we argue that tension experiences in different contexts (e.g., musical tension or suspense in a movie) build on the same underlying psychological processes. We discuss key components of tension experiences and propose a domain-independent model of tension and suspense. According to this model, tension experiences originate from states of conflict, instability, dissonance, or uncertainty that trigger predictive processes directed at future events of emotional significance. We also discuss possible neural mechanisms underlying tension and suspense. The model provides a theoretical framework that can inform future empirical research on tension phenomena.

  7. Tension type headaches: a review

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Location of the pain:There is often a typical location for tension- type headaches, as ... Cranial nerve abnormalities, including papilloedema. • Signs of ... peripheral and central mechanisms underlie tension-type ... Physiotherapy has been shown to be an effective management option for .... Acupuncture in primary headache.

  8. Post-tensioning system surveillance program

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Drew, G.E.

    1979-01-01

    Nuclear power plant containment structure post-tensioning system tendon surveillance program is described in detail. Data collected over three yearly post-tensioning system Surveillance Programs is presented and evaluated to correlate anticipated stress losses with actual losses. In addition corrosion protected system performance is analyzed

  9. The study and design of tension controller

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jun, G.; Lamei, X.

    2018-02-01

    Tension control is a wide used technology in areas such as textiles, paper and plastic films. In this article, the tension control system release and winding process is analyzed and the mathematical model of tension control system is established, and a high performance tension controller is designed. In hardware design, STM32F130 single chip microcomputer is used as the control core, which has the characteristics of fast running speed and rich peripheral features. In software design, μC/OS-II operating system is introduced to improve the efficiency of single chip microcomputer, and enhance the independence of each module, and make development and maintenance more convenient. The taper tension control is adopted in the winding part, which can effectively solve the problem of rolling shrinkage. The results show that the tension controller has the characteristics of simple structure, easy operation and stable performance.

  10. Modulación Vectorial de Inversores Multinivel con Diodos de Enclavamiento con Balance del Bus de Continua

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Santiago A. Verne

    2009-04-01

    Full Text Available Resumen: En este trabajo se presenta un algoritmo de modulación para convertidores multinivel de enclavamiento por diodos que optimiza el balance del bus de continua. Se describe el mecanismo de modulación vectorial para convertidores multinivel y se desarrolla un método que permite mantener equilibradas las tensiones del bus de continua utilizando la redundancia del convertidor. El presente algoritmo puede aplicarse a convertidores con un número arbitrario de niveles. Se consideran en el desarrollo dos situaciones prácticas: presencia o ausencia de una fuente de tensión continua sobre el bus. El desempeño del modulador es estudiado mediante simulaciones digitales. Palabras clave: convertidores multinivel, modulación, vector espacial

  11. Perfil de seguridad de la vacuna antileptospirósica trivalente vax-SPIRAL®

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Giset Jiménez

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available Con el objetivo de mostrar el perfil de seguridad de la vacuna antileptospirósica cubana, vax-SPIRAL®, se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo y transversal, a partir de la base de datos de la red nacional de farmacovigilancia a medicamentos. Se estimó la frecuencia de reportes por dosis de vacunas administradas, la valoración de causalidad, severidad, localización y los eventos adversos con mayor asociación estadística, a partir del cálculo de disproporcionalidad de las combinaciones de eventos adversos a vacunas de todos los diagnósticos en los reportes de eventos del grupo farmacológico de vacunas y el cálculo de la Razón de Riesgo Proporcional (PRR y la Razón Diferencial de Riesgo (ROR. Hubo 1,62 reportes por 100 000 dosis administradas y 1,9 diagnósticos por reporte en personas entre 18 y 77 años de edad y una media ±DE de 40 ± 13 años, con predominio del sexo femenino (65,54%. No se reportaron casos graves; el 74,17% fueron con severidad leve y el 66,96% fueron manifestaciones adversas sistémicas. El 94,17% de los reportes estuvieron relacionados con la vacuna. Los eventos adversos más frecuentes fueron: fiebre/hipertermia (18,75%, cefalea (14,73%, dolor local (13,84%, enrojecimiento/eritema/rubor en el sitio de inyección (12,05%, malestar general (8,48% y manifestaciones de hipersensibilidad mínimas, sólo a nivel cutáneo. Entre los que mostraron mayor asociación: cefalea, malestar general y rubor. Los resultados obtenidos son similares y con mejor perfil de seguridad que los de la vacuna francesa SPIROLEPT, por lo cual se recomienda para la protección en grupos de riesgo de leptospirosis.

  12. Tension and robustness in multitasking cellular networks.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jeffrey V Wong

    Full Text Available Cellular networks multitask by exhibiting distinct, context-dependent dynamics. However, network states (parameters that generate a particular dynamic are often sub-optimal for others, defining a source of "tension" between them. Though multitasking is pervasive, it is not clear where tension arises, what consequences it has, and how it is resolved. We developed a generic computational framework to examine the source and consequences of tension between pairs of dynamics exhibited by the well-studied RB-E2F switch regulating cell cycle entry. We found that tension arose from task-dependent shifts in parameters associated with network modules. Although parameter sets common to distinct dynamics did exist, tension reduced both their accessibility and resilience to perturbation, indicating a trade-off between "one-size-fits-all" solutions and robustness. With high tension, robustness can be preserved by dynamic shifting of modules, enabling the network to toggle between tasks, and by increasing network complexity, in this case by gene duplication. We propose that tension is a general constraint on the architecture and operation of multitasking biological networks. To this end, our work provides a framework to quantify the extent of tension between any network dynamics and how it affects network robustness. Such analysis would suggest new ways to interfere with network elements to elucidate the design principles of cellular networks.

  13. Mentoring Preservice Teachers: Identifying Tensions and Possible Resolutions

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hudson, Peter; Hudson, Sue

    2018-01-01

    Tensions can occur in the mentor-mentee relationship during school-based professional experiences that require problem solving. What are the tensions for mentor teachers in preservice teacher education and how might these tensions be resolved? This qualitative study collected data from 31 high school mentor teachers about tensions experienced with…

  14. Analysis of the interconnection of small generating power plants to the rural networks of medium tension; Analisis de la interconexion de pequenas plantas de generacion a las redes rurales de media tension

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Santos Erape, Salomon

    2008-12-15

    different operational conditions, calculations of regulation and losses are made, and of problems in the steady state that the generators can cause to us. In this part of the thesis the operation form of the power plants is described, also an approximated quantification is made of the energy losses (kWh) and also a general overview is described on the asynchronous generators. Chapter 5. - This chapter deals with other cases whose purpose is of extending the knowledge on the subject; an ideal case is analyzed to define the terms that are used in distributed generation, it analyzes another interconnection case in medium tension with a more robust sub transmission system, it also analyzes the possible interconnection in high voltage. Approximate calculations are made of the energy losses of two of the exposed cases. Chapter 6. - The short circuit in the present condition is calculated and with generation, the sequence components of the involved elements, connection types of the producer's transformer; at the end of this chapter a revision is made of the interruptive capacities of the present equipment. Chapter 7. - A general analysis is made of the analyzed cases as well as final conclusions with recommendations on future works. The subject addressed in this thesis, is accompanied with many tables, figures and Annexes whose objective is to make the comprehension of the subject easier. [Spanish] La presente tesis trata un tema relacionado con generacion distribuida, trata especificamente de un caso real de la solicitud de interconexion de 2 plantas de generacion hidroelectricas con generadores sincronos propiedad de un permisionario que pretende interconectarse a la red de media tension, esta interconexion tiene una particularidad que no hace tan sencillo el analisis, esta caracteristica es de que tiene una potencia de generacion superior a la demanda local de la carga. El analisis se enfoca principalmente en los efectos de regulacion y perdidas, asi tambien se hacen

  15. Factores económicos, sociales y culturales asociados con la automedicación

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jorge E. Machado-Alba

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Introducción. La automedicación es un fenómeno cada vez más frecuente a nivel mundial. Los estudios en este campo sugieren que hay una relación entre la automedicación y diversos factores sociodemográficos y económicos. Objetivo. Determinar la prevalencia de la automedicación y los factores relacionados en Pereira, Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal llevado a cabo en la población de Pereira. Se hizo un muestreo aleatorio por afijación proporcional en 414 adultos, y se desarrolló y aplicó la encuesta IRIS-AM (Instrument for Systematic Data Collection of Self-Medication. Resultados. Se encuestaron 414 personas, 62,6 % de las cuales eran mujeres; el promedio de edad fue de 44 años. La prevalencia de la automedicación fue de 77,5 % a lo largo de la vida y de 31,9 % en los 30 días previos. Los medicamentos más comúnmente utilizados fueron los analgésicos y antipiréticos (44,3 %, los antiinflamatorios no esteroideos (36,4 %, y los antihistamínicos (8,5 %. Los síntomas que llevaron a la automedicación con mayor frecuencia fueron la cefalea (55,7 %, el resfriado (16,2 % y el dolor muscular (13,2 %. Los análisis multivariados mostraron asociación entre la automedicación a lo largo de la vida y guardar medicamentos en casa, así como entre tener un nivel superior de escolaridad y estar a favor de la automedicación. Los factores referentes a almacenar medicamentos y recomendarlos a otros se asociaron con la automedicación en los 30 días previos. Conclusiones. La prevalencia de la automedicación hallada en este estudio fue similar a la reportada previamente a nivel mundial; aun así, no existe un patrón establecido para esta práctica. Se evidenciaron las variables sociodemográficas asociadas con la automedicación, las cuales requieren una mejor caracterización. La intención de recurrir a la automedicación ha sido poco estudiada y podría ser un indicador importante para la medici

  16. Perceiving the affordance of string tension for power strokes in badminton: expertise allows effective use of all string tensions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhu, Qin

    2013-01-01

    Affordances mean opportunities for action. These affordances are important for sports performance and relevant to the abilities developed by skilled athletes. In racquet sports such as badminton, different players prefer widely different string tension because it is believed to provide opportunities for effective strokes. The current study examined whether badminton players can perceive the affordance of string tension for power strokes and whether the perception of affordance itself changed as a function of skill level. The results showed that string tension constrained the striking performance of both novice and recreational players, but not of expert players. When perceptual capability was assessed, perceptual mode did not affect perception of the optimal string tension. Skilled players successfully perceived the affordance of string tension, but only experts were concerned about saving energy. Our findings demonstrated that perception of the affordance of string tension in badminton was determined by action abilities. Furthermore, experts could adjust the action to maintain a superior level of performance based on the perception of affordance.

  17. Tension waves in tethered satellite cables

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lallman, F. J.

    1984-01-01

    A one-degree-of-freedom simulation of the Tethered Satellite System (TSS) was programmed using a distributed system model of the tether based on the one-dimensional wave equation. This model represents the time varying tension profile along the tether as the sum of two traveling waves of tension moving in opposite directions. A control loop was devised which combines a deployment rate command with the measured tension at the deployer to produce a smooth, stable rate of deployment of the subsatellite. Simulation results show a buildup of periodic bursts of high frequency oscillation in tension. This report covers the mathematical modelling and simulation results and explains the reason for the observed oscillations. The design of a possible vibration damping device is discussed.

  18. Optic nerve oxygen tension

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    la Cour, M; Kiilgaard, Jens Folke; Eysteinsson, T

    2000-01-01

    To investigate the influence of acute changes in intraocular pressure on the oxygen tension in the vicinity of the optic nerve head under control conditions and after intravenous administration of 500 mg of the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor dorzolamide.......To investigate the influence of acute changes in intraocular pressure on the oxygen tension in the vicinity of the optic nerve head under control conditions and after intravenous administration of 500 mg of the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor dorzolamide....

  19. Análisis de Tensiones mediante Elementos Finitos de una Válvula Esférica durante la Prueba Hidrostática, y su Verificación Experimental

    OpenAIRE

    Gualda, Néstor J; Sanzi, Héctor C; Ortiz, Luis

    2010-01-01

    En este trabajo se presenta el análisis de tensiones y deformaciones en el cuerpo de una válvula esférica de diámetro 8" serie 600, durante la prueba hidrostática, utilizando el método de elementos finitos. Se verifica el modelo con datos experimentales de tensiones, utilizando indicadores de deformación SG (Strain Gauges). Para el análisis mediante el método de elementos finitos se utilizó el programa Cosmos/M e información obtenida durante el análisis experimental. Las pruebas experimentale...

  20. Urinary incontinence - tension-free vaginal tape

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... ency/article/007377.htm Urinary incontinence - tension-free vaginal tape To use the sharing features on this page, please enable JavaScript. Placement of tension-free vaginal tape is surgery to help control stress urinary ...

  1. Damage development in woven fabric composites during tension-tension fatigue

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hansen, U.

    1999-01-01

    of the operating fatigue damage mechanism(s). Fatigue leads to a degradation of material properties. Consequently, in connection with impact induced local stress raisers, fatigue produces continuously changing non-uniform stress fields because of stress redistribution effects. Other models addressing evolution...... of fatigue damage in composite materials have not been able to simulate evolving nonuniform stress fields. Therefore. in the second part of this paper, an analytical/numerical approach capable of addressing these issues is also proposed.......Impacted woven fabric composites were tested in tension-tension fatigue. In contrast to results from static testing, the effects of low energy impact damage in a fatigue environment were found to be the critical element leading to failure of the specimen. This difference emphasizes the need...

  2. Speaker and Observer Perceptions of Physical Tension during Stuttering.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tichenor, Seth; Leslie, Paula; Shaiman, Susan; Yaruss, J Scott

    2017-01-01

    Speech-language pathologists routinely assess physical tension during evaluation of those who stutter. If speakers experience tension that is not visible to clinicians, then judgments of severity may be inaccurate. This study addressed this potential discrepancy by comparing judgments of tension by people who stutter and expert clinicians to determine if clinicians could accurately identify the speakers' experience of physical tension. Ten adults who stutter were audio-video recorded in two speaking samples. Two board-certified specialists in fluency evaluated the samples using the Stuttering Severity Instrument-4 and a checklist adapted for this study. Speakers rated their tension using the same forms, and then discussed their experiences in a qualitative interview so that themes related to physical tension could be identified. The degree of tension reported by speakers was higher than that observed by specialists. Tension in parts of the body that were less visible to the observer (chest, abdomen, throat) was reported more by speakers than by specialists. The thematic analysis revealed that speakers' experience of tension changes over time and that these changes may be related to speakers' acceptance of stuttering. The lack of agreement between speaker and specialist perceptions of tension suggests that using self-reports is a necessary component for supporting the accurate diagnosis of tension in stuttering. © 2018 S. Karger AG, Basel.

  3. Paquimeningitis hipertrófica, glomerulonefritis y vasculitis de pequeños vasos asociada a ANCA Hypertrophic pachymeningitis, glomerulonephritis and P-ANCA associated small vessel vasculitis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Octavio Mazzocchi

    2007-04-01

    Full Text Available La paquimeningitis hipertrófica es una enfermedad poco frecuente caracterizada por engrosamiento de la duramadre. Presentamos una paciente con esta enfermedad que se manifestó con cefalea crónica y en la que concomitantemente se evidenció una glomerulonefritis necrotizante extracapilar pauciinmune asociada a anticuerpos anticitoplasma de neutrófilos de patrón perinuclear (ANCA-P. El diagnóstico se estableció por resonancia nuclear magnética. Recibió tratamiento inmunosupresor con prednisona y ciclofosfamida con evolución favorable.Hypertrophic pachymeningitis is a very unusual disease, the main characteristic of which is thickening of the dura mater. We describe a patient who started this illness showing chronic headache and pauci-immune necrotizing extracapillary perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (P-ANCA associated glomerulonephritis. The diagnosis was made by brain magnetic resonance image. She received immunosuppressant therapy with prednisonel and cyclophosphamide with clinical improvement.

  4. Caso clínico de la Unidad de Medicina Interna Hipertensión arterial de origen renovascular

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Análida E. Pinilla Roa

    1993-10-01

    Full Text Available Hombre de 28 años, natural y procedente de Bogotá, consulto por cefalea progresiva fronta-occipital de treinta horas de evolución, acompañada de vomito en dos oportunidades y de trastorno de la conciencia, con relajación del esfínter vesical. La esposa informo episodio similar un mes ames, cuando fue hospitalizado, encontrándose HTA y hemorragia subaracnoidea. Salió contratamiento triconjugado (captopril, nifedipina, propanolol, el cual suspendió ocho días antes del ingreso.

  5. Relación de las afecciones rinofaríngeas obstructivas altas con los trastornos del sueño

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ramón Enrique Crespo Vidal

    2003-12-01

    Full Text Available Con el objetivo de comprobar el efecto que sobre el sueño y el estado de salud tiene la cirugía en pacientes con trastornos del sueño, causados por obstrucciones respiratorias altas, se estudiaron y trataron quirúrgicamente 60 pacientes remitidos de la consulta de trastornos del sueño del Hospital Militar Central "Doctor Carlos J. Finlay", en el período comprendido de enero de 1999 a diciembre de 2001, de los cuales 50 (90 % eran del sexo masculino y el 10 % era femenino. Fue la desviación del septum nasal la afección de otorrinolaringología más frecuente, 36 (60 %, seguida por la desviación del septum nasal, asociada a otra afección de otorrinolaringología, 10 (16,6 %. Presentaron trastornos del sueño asociados con otras afecciones clínicas (cefalea, hipertensión arterial, vértigo, disfunción sexual 40 (66,7 % y solo con trastornos del sueño 20 ( 33,3 %. Se realizó tratamiento quirúrgico a los 60 enfermos y se obtuvo que curaron o mejoraron el trastorno del sueño 58 pacientes (96,7 %, las afecciones constructivas curaron o mejoraron en 57 enfermos (95 %, y las afecciones clínicas asociadas curaron o mejoraron en 37 pacientes (92,5 %In order to prove the effect of surgery on sleep and health status in patients with sleep disorders caused by upper respiratory obstructions, 60 patients referred from the sleep disorders consulting room of "Carlos J. Finlay" Military Central Hospital were studied and surgically treated from January, 1991, to December, 2001. Of them, 50 (90 % were males and 10 % were females. The deviation of the nasal septum was the most frequent otorrhinolaryngology affection, 36 (60 %, followed by the deviation of the nasal septum associated with other otorrhinolaryngology affection, 10 (16.6 %. 40 patients (66.7 % had sleep disorders associated with other clinical affections (headache, arterial hypertension, vertigo, sexual dysfunction, and only 20 (33.3 % had sleep disorders. In 58 (96.7% of the 60

  6. The tension of framed membranes from computer simulations

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hamkens, Daniel; Jeppesen, Claus; Ipsen, John H.

    2018-01-01

    the membranes display power-law characteristics for the equation of state, while higher tension levels includes both an extended linear (elastic) as well as a highly non-linear stretching regime. For semi-flexible membranes a transition from extended to buckled conformations takes place at negative frame......Abstract.: We have analyzed the behavior of a randomly triangulated, self-avoiding surface model of a flexible, fluid membrane subject to a circular boundary by Wang-Landau Monte Carlo computer simulation techniques. The dependence of the canonical free energy and frame tension on the frame area...... is obtained for flexible membranes. It is shown that for low bending rigidities the framed membrane is only stable above a threshold tension, suggesting a discontinuous transition from the collapsed (branched polymer) state to a finite tension extended state. In a tension range above this threshold tension...

  7. Assessment and reduction of diaphragmatic tension during hiatal hernia repair.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bradley, Daniel Davila; Louie, Brian E; Farivar, Alexander S; Wilshire, Candice L; Baik, Peter U; Aye, Ralph W

    2015-04-01

    During hiatal hernia repair there are two vectors of tension: axial and radial. An optimal repair minimizes the tension along these vectors. Radial tension is not easily recognized. There are no simple maneuvers like measuring length that facilitate assessment of radial tension. The aims of this project were to: (1) establish a simple intraoperative method to evaluate baseline tension of the diaphragmatic hiatal muscle closure; and, (2) assess if tension is reduced by relaxing maneuvers and if so, to what degree. Diaphragmatic characteristics and tension were assessed during hiatal hernia repair with a tension gage. We compared tension measured after hiatal dissection and after relaxing maneuvers were performed. Sixty-four patients (29 M:35F) underwent laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair. Baseline hiatal width was 2.84 cm and tension 13.6 dag. There was a positive correlation between hiatal width and tension (r = 0.55) but the strength of association was low (r (2) = 0.31). Four different hiatal shapes (slit, teardrop, "D", and oval) were identified and appear to influence tension and the need for relaxing incision. Tension was reduced by 35.8 % after a left pleurotomy (12 patients); by 46.2 % after a right crural relaxing incision (15 patients); and by 56.1 % if both maneuvers were performed (6 patients). Tension on the diaphragmatic hiatus can be measured with a novel device. There was a limited correlation with width of the hiatal opening. Relaxing maneuvers such as a left pleurotomy or a right crural relaxing incision reduced tension. Longer term follow-up will determine whether outcomes are improved by quantifying and reducing radial tension.

  8. Density and surface tension of ionic liquids.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kolbeck, C; Lehmann, J; Lovelock, K R J; Cremer, T; Paape, N; Wasserscheid, P; Fröba, A P; Maier, F; Steinrück, H-P

    2010-12-30

    We measured the density and surface tension of 9 bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide ([Tf(2)N](-))-based and 12 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium ([C(8)C(1)Im](+))-based ionic liquids (ILs) with the vibrating tube and the pendant drop method, respectively. This comprehensive set of ILs was chosen to probe the influence of the cations and anions on density and surface tension. When the alkyl chain length in the [C(n)C(1)Im][Tf(2)N] series (n = 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12) is increased, a decrease in density is observed. The surface tension initially also decreases but reaches a plateau for alkyl chain lengths greater than n = 8. Functionalizing the alkyl chains with ethylene glycol groups results in a higher density as well as a higher surface tension. For the dependence of density and surface tension on the chemical nature of the anion, relations are only found for subgroups of the studied ILs. Density and surface tension values are discussed with respect to intermolecular interactions and surface composition as determined by angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (ARXPS). The absence of nonvolatile surface-active contaminants was proven by ARXPS.

  9. Traumatic tension pneumocephalus: Two case reports

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Abubaker Al-Aieb

    2017-01-01

    Conclusions: These are two rare cases with posttraumatic tension pneumocephalus treated conservatively with a favorable outcome. Early diagnosis of tension pneumocephalus is a crucial step to facilitate early recovery; however, the associated injuries need attention as they could influence the hospital course.

  10. Exploratory experimental investigations on post-tensioned structural glass beams

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Louter, C.; Nielsen, Jens Henrik; Belis, J.

    2013-01-01

    This paper discusses two projects on post-tensioned glass beams, performed at EPFL and DTU, respectively. In these projects small scale glass beams (length of 1.5m and 1m) are post-tensioned by means of steel threaded rods tensioned at the beam ends. The purpose of post-tensioning glass beams...

  11. EVALUACIÓN MICROMAGNÉTICA DEL NIVEL DE TENSIONES EN ALAMBRES DE TRACCIÓN DE RISERS FLEXIBLES

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    JOSÉ MATOS

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available En el presente trabajo se describe el uso de un método no destructivo que combina las medidas de los parámetros micromagnéticos para cuantificar las tensiones durante los ensayos de tracción en alambres que componen la armadura estructural de risers flexibles. Este método consideró las técnicas de análisis armónico del campo magnético tangencial, análisis de ruido Barkhausen y el análisis del incremento de la permeabilidad, mediante el ensayo de tracción con carga controlada. Se utiliza la regresión lineal de multiparámetros para analizar los datos de cada técnica en forma individual y en conjunto, con el objetivo de correlacionar los valores conocidos de las cargas con los valores medidos en los ensayos realizados. Los resultados muestran una buena relación de los valores obtenidos mediante el método micromagnético y las cargas aplicadas a los cuerpos de prueba, demostrando la eficacia de la técnica en estas aplicaciones.

  12. Tension pneumothorax, is it a really life-threatening condition?

    Science.gov (United States)

    2013-01-01

    Background Tension pneumothorax is a life-threatening occurrence that is infrequently the consequence of spontaneous pneumothorax. The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for the development of tension pneumothorax and its effect on clinical outcomes. Methods We reviewed patients who were admitted with spontaneous pneumothorax between August 1, 2003 and December 31, 2011. Electronic medical records and the radiological findings were reviewed with chest x-ray and high-resolution computed tomography scans that were retrieved from the Picture Archiving Communication System. Results Out of the 370 patients included in this study, tension pneumothorax developed in 60 (16.2%). The bullae were larger in patients with tension pneumothorax than in those without (23.8 ± 16.2 mm vs 16.1 ± 19.1 mm; P = 0.007). In addition, the incidence of tension pneumothorax increased with the lung bulla size. Fibrotic adhesion was more prevalent in the tension pneumothorax group than in that without (P = 0.000). The bullae were large in patients with fibrotic adhesion than in those without adhesion (35.0 ± 22.3 mm vs 10.4 ± 11.5 mm; P = 0.000). On multivariate analysis, the size of bullae (odds ratio (OR) = 1.03, P = 0.001) and fibrotic adhesion (OR = 10.76, P = 0.000) were risk factors of tension pneumothorax. Hospital mortality was 3.3% in the tension pneumothorax group and it was not significantly different from those patients without tension pneunothorax (P = 0.252). Conclusions Tension pneumothorax is not uncommon, but clinically fatal tension pneumothorax is extremely rare. The size of the lung bullae and fibrotic adhesion contributes to the development of tension pneumothorax. PMID:24128176

  13. Rapid cable tension estimation using dynamic and mechanical properties

    Science.gov (United States)

    Martínez-Castro, Rosana E.; Jang, Shinae; Christenson, Richard E.

    2016-04-01

    Main tension elements are critical to the overall stability of cable-supported bridges. A dependable and rapid determination of cable tension is desired to assess the state of a cable-supported bridge and evaluate its operability. A portable smart sensor setup is presented to reduce post-processing time and deployment complexity while reliably determining cable tension using dynamic characteristics extracted from spectral analysis. A self-recording accelerometer is coupled with a single-board microcomputer that communicates wirelessly with a remote host computer. The portable smart sensing device is designed such that additional algorithms, sensors and controlling devices for various monitoring applications can be installed and operated for additional structural assessment. The tension-estimating algorithms are based on taut string theory and expand to consider bending stiffness. The successful combination of cable properties allows the use of a cable's dynamic behavior to determine tension force. The tension-estimating algorithms are experimentally validated on a through-arch steel bridge subject to ambient vibration induced by passing traffic. The tension estimation is determined in well agreement with previously determined tension values for the structure.

  14. Oxygen tension level and human viral infections

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Morinet, Frédéric, E-mail: frederic.morinet@sls.aphp.fr [Centre des Innovations Thérapeutiques en Oncologie et Hématologie (CITOH), CHU Saint-Louis, Paris (France); Université Denis Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris, Paris (France); Casetti, Luana [Institut Cochin INSERM U1016, Paris (France); François, Jean-Hugues; Capron, Claude [Institut Cochin INSERM U1016, Paris (France); Laboratoire d' Hématologie, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Boulogne (France); Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelynes, Versailles (France); Pillet, Sylvie [Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Virologie-Hygiène, CHU de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne (France); Université de Lyon et Université de Saint-Etienne, Jean Monnet, GIMAP EA3064, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, Lyon (France)

    2013-09-15

    The role of oxygen tension level is a well-known phenomenon that has been studied in oncology and radiotherapy since about 60 years. Oxygen tension may inhibit or stimulate propagation of viruses in vitro as well as in vivo. In turn modulating oxygen metabolism may constitute a novel approach to treat viral infections as an adjuvant therapy. The major transcription factor which regulates oxygen tension level is hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α). Down-regulating the expression of HIF-1α is a possible method in the treatment of chronic viral infection such as human immunodeficiency virus infection, chronic hepatitis B and C viral infections and Kaposi sarcoma in addition to classic chemotherapy. The aim of this review is to supply an updating concerning the influence of oxygen tension level in human viral infections and to evoke possible new therapeutic strategies regarding this environmental condition. - Highlights: • Oxygen tension level regulates viral replication in vitro and possibly in vivo. • Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1α) is the principal factor involved in Oxygen tension level. • HIF-1α upregulates gene expression for example of HIV, JC and Kaposi sarcoma viruses. • In addition to classical chemotherapy inhibition of HIF-1α may constitute a new track to treat human viral infections.

  15. The Equilibrium Spreading Tension of Pulmonary Surfactant

    OpenAIRE

    Dagan, Maayan P.; Hall, Stephen B.

    2015-01-01

    Monomolecular films at an air/water interface coexist at the equilibrium spreading tension (γe) with the bulk phase from which they form. For individual phospholipids, γe is single-valued, and separates conditions at which hydrated vesicles adsorb from tensions at which overcompressed monolayers collapse. With pulmonary surfactant, isotherms show that monolayers compressed on the surface of bubbles coexist with the three-dimensional collapsed phase over a range of surface tensions. γe therefo...

  16. Tension perturbations of black brane spacetimes

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Traschen, Jennie; Fox, Daniel

    2004-01-01

    We consider black brane spacetimes that have at least one spatial translation Killing field that is tangent to the brane. A new parameter, the tension of a spacetime, is defined. The tension parameter is associated with spatial translations in much the same way that the ADM mass is associated with the time translation Killing field. In this work, we explore the implications of the spatial translation symmetry for small perturbations around a background black brane. For static-charged black branes we derive a law which relates the tension perturbation to the surface gravity times the change in the horizon area, plus terms that involve variations in the charges and currents. We find that as a black brane evaporates the tension decreases. We also give a simple derivation of a first law for black brane spacetimes. These constructions hold when the background stress-energy is governed by a Hamiltonian, and the results include arbitrary perturbative stress-energy sources

  17. Measurement for Surface Tension of Aqueous Inorganic Salt

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jiming Wen

    2018-03-01

    Full Text Available Bubble columns are effective means of filtration in filtered containment venting systems. Here, the surface tension has a significant influence on bubble size distribution and bubble deformation, which have a strong impact on the behavior of the bubble column. The influence of aqueous inorganic compounds on the surface tension depends on the electrolytic activity, Debye length, entropy of ion hydration, and surface deficiencies or excess. In this work, the surface tensions of same specific aqueous solutions have been measured by different methods including platinum plate method, platinum ring method, and maximum bubble pressure method. The measured surface tensions of both sodium hydroxide and sodium thiosulfate are less than that of water. As solution temperature ranges from 20 to 75°C, the surface tension of 0.5 mol/L sodium hydroxide solution decreases from 71 to 55 mN/m while that of 1 mol/L solution decreases from 60 to 45 mN/m. Similarly during the same temperature range, the surface tension of 0.5 mol/L sodium thiosulfate decreases from 70 to 38 mN/m, and that of 1 mol/L sodium thiosulfate is between 68 and 36 mN/m. The analysis for the influence mechanism of aqueous inorganic on surface tension is provided. In addition, experimental results show that the surface tension of solid aerosol suspension liquid has no obvious difference from that of distilled water.

  18. Tending the tensions in co-creation

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Phillips, Professor MSO Louise; Nordentoft, Helle Merete; Pedersen, Lektor Christina Hee

    -for-granted positive value. In the panel we de-romanticise “co-creation” and explore how it is enacted in particular organisational contexts, concentrating on context-specific tensions arising in the meeting between different knowledge forms and interests. These include tensions BETWEEN dialogic views of knowledge co-creation...

  19. Surface tension in soap films: revisiting a classic demonstration

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Behroozi, F

    2010-01-01

    We revisit a classic demonstration for surface tension in soap films and introduce a more striking variation of it. The demonstration shows how the film, pulling uniformly and normally on a loose string, transforms it into a circular arc under tension. The relationship between the surface tension and the string tension is analysed and presented in a useful graphical form. (letters and comments)

  20. Surface tension in soap films: revisiting a classic demonstration

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Behroozi, F [Department of Physics, University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, IA 50614 (United States)], E-mail: behroozi@uni.edu

    2010-01-15

    We revisit a classic demonstration for surface tension in soap films and introduce a more striking variation of it. The demonstration shows how the film, pulling uniformly and normally on a loose string, transforms it into a circular arc under tension. The relationship between the surface tension and the string tension is analysed and presented in a useful graphical form. (letters and comments)

  1. Bending Under Tension Test with Direct Friction Measurement

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Andreasen, Jan Lasson; Olsson, David Dam; Chodnikiewicz, K.

    2006-01-01

    A special Bending-Under-Tension (BUT) transducer has been developed in which friction around the tool radius can be directly measured when drawing a plane sheet strip around a cylindrical tool-pin under constant back tension. The front tension, back tension and torque on the tool-pin are all...... measured directly, thus enabling accurate measurement of friction and direct determination of lubricant film breakdown for varying normal pressure, sliding speed, tool radius and tool preheat temperature. The transducer is applied in an experimental investigation focusing on limits of lubrication...

  2. Sentido de Coherencia y Sindrome de Burnout en el personal sanitario de Urgencias

    OpenAIRE

    Vega Martínez, Maria del Carmen

    2013-01-01

    El Sentido de coherencia es un término que hace referencia a la capacidad del individuo par aver su entorno individual y el mundo que les rodea. El Síndrome de Burnout es un problema que afecta a los profesionales sanitarios cada vez, proporcionándoles síntomas como: fatiga, insomnio, cefaleas, deterioro de comunicación con pacientes / otros profesionales y hasta se puede llegar a poner en riesgo la salud del paciente atendido. Después del pase de cuestionarios de forma adecuada a 69 pro...

  3. Ganglioglioma de tallo cerebral en mujer adolescente

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alfonso Marhx-Bracho

    2015-08-01

    Full Text Available Niña de 12 años de edad con padecimiento de un mes de evolución caracterizado por cefalea, mareo, vómito y marcha atáxica. Días antes de su internamiento fue operada por presentar cuadro de abdomen agudo secundario a una apendicitis aguda. Después de recuperarse de esa cirugía la paciente tuvo somnolencia, bradipsiquia, bradilalia, diplopia y nistagmo, motivo por el cual acudió a nuestra institución.

  4. Hepatitis aguda por mononucleosis infecciosa en un varón de 21 años

    OpenAIRE

    Modesto Dos Santos,Vitorino; Da Costa Arruda Jr,Zilcem; De Farias Polcheira,Maira; Da Silva De Souza,Diogo Wagner; Rodrigues Oliveira Santos,Alessandra Maria; Santos Corrêa Da Costa,Marcela

    2013-01-01

    Un paciente varón de 21 años, fue hospitalizado por fiebre, astenia, cefalea, faringitis, dolor abdominal, pérdida del apetito, vómitos y orina oscura desde tres días antes. El paciente negó uso reciente de medicamentos y cualquier otra droga. Su examen físico reveló ictericia, hepato-esplenomegalia, amigdalitis, adenopatías cervicales anteriores y posteriores, asociadas con edema facial y cervical. Los exámenes de laboratorio mostraron elevación sérica de bilirrubina y enzimas hepáticas (bil...

  5. Magnetic tension and gravitational collapse

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Tsagas, Christos G

    2006-01-01

    The gravitational collapse of a magnetized medium is investigated by studying qualitatively the convergence of a timelike family of non-geodesic worldlines in the presence of a magnetic field. Focusing on the field's tension, we illustrate how the winding of the magnetic forcelines due to the fluid's rotation assists the collapse, while shear-like distortions in the distribution of the field's gradients resist contraction. We also show that the relativistic coupling between magnetism and geometry, together with the tension properties of the field, lead to a magneto-curvature stress that opposes the collapse. This tension stress grows stronger with increasing curvature distortion, which means that it could potentially dominate over the gravitational pull of the matter. If this happens, a converging family of non-geodesic worldlines can be prevented from focusing without violating the standard energy conditions

  6. Muscle trigger point therapy in tension-type headache.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Alonso-Blanco, Cristina; de-la-Llave-Rincón, Ana Isabel; Fernández-de-las-Peñas, César

    2012-03-01

    Recent evidence suggests that active trigger points (TrPs) in neck and shoulder muscles contribute to tension-type headache. Active TrPs within the suboccipital, upper trapezius, sternocleidomastoid, temporalis, superior oblique and lateral rectus muscles have been associated with chronic and episodic tension-type headache forms. It seems that the pain profile of this headache may be provoked by referred pain from active TrPs in the posterior cervical, head and shoulder muscles. In fact, the presence of active TrPs has been related to a higher degree of sensitization in tension-type headache. Different therapeutic approaches are proposed for proper TrP management. Preliminary evidence indicates that inactivation of TrPs may be effective for the management of tension-type headache, particularly in a subgroup of patients who may respond positively to this approach. Different treatment approaches targeted to TrP inactivation are discussed in the current paper, focusing on tension-type headache. New studies are needed to further delineate the relationship between muscle TrP inactivation and tension-type headache.

  7. Patients with tension-type headaches feel stigmatized

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sanjay Prakash

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available The author, a sufferer of tension-type headache (TTH, believes that the word "tension" in "tension-type headache" carries a social stigma and that patients do not accept a diagnosis of TTH readily. TTH is the most common primary headache disorder. The disability of TTH as a burden of society is greater than that of migraine. Absenteeism because of TTH is higher than that due to migraine. However, patients with TTH do not go for consultation. Even the prevalence of new daily persistent headache (NDPH is 12 times higher at the headache clinic than that of chronic TTH (CTTH. These points hint that TTH patients probably do not want to visit the clinic. The author believes that it could be because of the stigma attached to "tension." Herein, the author has noted the first responses given by 50 consecutive patients with TTH when they were told that they had been suffering from TTH. The first answer of 64% of patients with TTH was "I do not have any tension/stress ." This denial is similar to the denial declared by patients with depression. Depression and tension are similar in the sense that both are considered as a signs of personal weakness. Such a preconception in the society creates a stigma, and patients deny the diagnosis, conceal symptoms, and become reluctant to seek help and treatment.

  8. Residual stresses and mechanical properties of Si3N4/SiC multilayered composites with different SiC layers; Las tensiones residuales y las propiedades mecánicas de compuestos multicapa de Si3N4/SiC con diferentes capas de SiC

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Liua, S.; Lia, Y.; Chena, P.; Lia, W.; Gaoa, S.; Zhang, B.; Yeb, F.

    2017-11-01

    The effect of residual stresses on the strength, toughness and work of fracture of Si3N4/SiC multilayered composites with different SiC layers has been investigated. It may be an effective way to design and optimize the mechanical properties of Si3N4/SiC multilayered composites by controlling the properties of SiC layers. Si3N4/SiC multilayered composites with different SiC layers were fabricated by aqueous tape casting and pressureless sintering. Residual stresses were calculated by using ANSYS simulation, the maximum values of tensile and compressive stresses were 553.2MPa and −552.1MPa, respectively. Step-like fracture was observed from the fracture surfaces. Fraction of delamination layers increased with the residual stress, which can improve the reliability of the materials. Tensile residual stress was benefit to improving toughness and work of fracture, but the strength of the composites decreased. [Spanish] Se ha investigado el efecto de las tensiones residuales en la resistencia, dureza y trabajo de fractura de los compuestos multicapa de Si3N4/SiC con diferentes capas de SiC. Puede ser una manera eficaz de diseñar y optimizar las propiedades mecánicas de los compuestos multicapa de Si3N4/SiC mediante el control de las propiedades de las capas de SiC. Los compuestos multicapa de Si3N4/SiC con diferentes capas de SiC se fabricaron por medio de colado en cinta en medio acuoso y sinterización sin presión. Las tensiones residuales se calcularon mediante el uso de la simulación ANSYS, los valores máximos de las fuerzas de tracción y compresión fueron 553,2 MPa y −552,1 MPa, respectivamente. Se observó una fractura escalonada a partir de las superficies de fractura. La fracción de capas de deslaminación aumenta con la tensión residual, lo que puede mejorar la fiabilidad de los materiales. La fuerza de tracción residual era beneficiosa para la mejora de la dureza y el trabajo de fractura, pero la resistencia de los compuestos disminuyó.

  9. Ultrasound Findings in Tension Pneumothorax: A Case Report.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Inocencio, Maxine; Childs, Jeannine; Chilstrom, Mikaela L; Berona, Kristin

    2017-06-01

    Delayed recognition of tension pneumothorax can lead to a mortality of 31% to 91%. However, the classic physical examination findings of tracheal deviation and distended neck veins are poorly sensitive in the diagnosis of tension pneumothorax. Point-of-care ultrasound is accurate in identifying the presence of pneumothorax, but sonographic findings of tension pneumothorax are less well described. We report the case of a 21-year-old man with sudden-onset left-sided chest pain. He was clinically stable without hypoxia or hypotension, and the initial chest x-ray study showed a large pneumothorax without mediastinal shift. While the patient was awaiting tube thoracostomy, a point-of-care ultrasound demonstrated findings of mediastinal shift and a dilated inferior vena cava (IVC) concerning for tension physiology, even though the patient remained hemodynamically stable. WHY SHOULD AN EMERGENCY PHYSICIAN BE AWARE OF THIS?: This case demonstrates a unique clinical scenario of ultrasound evidence of tension physiology in a clinically stable patient. Although this patient was well appearing without hypotension, respiratory distress, tracheal deviation, or distended neck veins, point-of-care ultrasound revealed mediastinal shift and a plethoric IVC. Given that the classic clinical signs of tension pneumothorax are not uniformly present, this case shows how point-of-care ultrasound may diagnose tension pneumothorax before clinical decompensation. Published by Elsevier Inc.

  10. Tension and relaxation in the individual.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Newbury, C R

    1979-06-01

    Increasing materialism in society is resulting in more wide spread nervous tension in all age groups. While some degree of nervous tension is necessary in everyday living, its adverse effects require that we must learn to bring it under control. Total tension is shown to have two components: a controllable element arising from factors in the environment and the inbuilt uncontrollable residue which is basic in the individual temperament. The effects of excessive or uncontrolled stress can be classified as 1) emotional reactions such as neurotic behaviour (anxiety hypochondria, hysteria, phobia, depression obsessions and compulsions) or psychotic behaviour and 2) psychosomatic reactions (nervous asthma, headache, insomnia, heart attack). Nervous energy can be wastefully expended by such factors as loss of temper, wrong attitudes to work, job frustration and marital strains. Relaxation is the only positive way to control undesirable nervous tension and its techniques require to be learned. A number of techniques (progressive relaxation, differential relaxation, hypnosis, the use of biofeedback, Yoga and Transcendental Meditation) are described and their application to dental practice is discussed.

  11. Modelación de tensiones de contacto originadas en la llanta del secador rotatorio de menas lateríticas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Edidiong Uboho

    2013-11-01

    Full Text Available El propósito de la investigación fue modelar el comportamiento de las tensiones de contacto de naturaleza compresiva y térmica que se originan en las llantas del horno de tambor rotatorio, con el fin de realizar ensayos de fatiga y desgaste superficial en las llantas. Primeramente se estableció un modelo teórico para estimar las tensiones en la llanta. Se discretizó, mediante el software ANSYS v.12.1, un modelo geométrico equivalente de la llanta y de la zona de contacto. Por último, mediante el método de elementos finitos, se simularon los contactos para estimar el comportamiento de las tensiones. Los resultados mostraron que la tensión máxima actúa sobre la línea media de la banda de contacto y su valor es directamente proporcional a la fuerza sobre la llanta y a su temperatura. El valor más elevado de tensión máxima de contacto (415,14 MPa se observó para 1 254 467 N de fuerza sobre la llanta y temperatura de 100 °C; mientras que el valor más bajo (87,662 MPa fue para 1 153 915 N y 40 °C.

  12. Emergency percutaneous needle decompression for tension pneumoperitoneum

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Körner Markus

    2011-05-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Tension pneumoperitoneum as a complication of iatrogenic bowel perforation during endoscopy is a dramatic condition in which intraperitoneal air under pressure causes hemodynamic and ventilatory compromise. Like tension pneumothorax, urgent intervention is required. Immediate surgical decompression though is not always possible due to the limitations of the preclinical management and sometimes to capacity constraints of medical staff and equipment in the clinic. Methods This is a retrospective analysis of cases of pneumoperitoneum and tension pneumoperitoneum due to iatrogenic bowel perforation. All patients admitted to our surgical department between January 2005 and October 2010 were included. Tension pneumoperitoneum was diagnosed in those patients presenting signs of hemodynamic and ventilatory compromise in addition to abdominal distension. Results Between January 2005 and October 2010 eleven patients with iatrogenic bowel perforation were admitted to our surgical department. The mean time between perforation and admission was 36 ± 14 hrs (range 30 min - 130 hrs, between ER admission and begin of the operation 3 hrs and 15 min ± 47 min (range 60 min - 9 hrs. Three out of eleven patients had clinical signs of tension pneumoperitoneum. In those patients emergency percutaneous needle decompression was performed with a 16G venous catheter. This improved significantly the patients' condition (stabilization of vital signs, reducing jugular vein congestion, bridging the time to the start of the operation. Conclusions Hemodynamical and respiratory compromise in addition to abdominal distension shortly after endoscopy are strongly suggestive of tension pneumoperitoneum due to iatrogenic bowel perforation. This is a rare but life threatening condition and it can be managed in a preclinical and clinical setting with emergency percutaneous needle decompression like tension pneumothorax. Emergency percutaneous decompression is no

  13. Les travailleurs de la nature : une professionnalisation en tension

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Arnaud Cosson

    2010-12-01

    are currently becoming more and more rationalized, technical, and professional, far from matching the myth of activities which would be essentially characterized by engagement, passion, or proximity with the field. People working in natural areas highlight their alignment with other types of professions, thus showing a will to convince, others and themselves, that their activity is a “genuine work”, a “genuine job”.Drawing on an empirical survey that follows a set of previous works, we seek to illuminate how this tension – between passion and rationalization, between specificity and alignment –shapes the life and practices of nature professionals in France. We investigate three levels: that of engagement conditions in the job (tensed between a claim of qualifications and skills and a claim of passion; that of professional identities (caught between the naturalist expert identity and the broker identity; that of work practices (showing an oscillation between new public management and proximity with nature.Thus, we sketch the lines of a particular and paradoxical form of professionalization, specific to job natures, which developed on a tension between rationalization and resistance to rationalization, between alignment with the standards of other professions and preservation of its specificity.Las profesiones de la naturaleza: una profesionalización en tensión.En Francia, el desarrollo de las profesiones relacionadas con la naturaleza está ligado con la oposición, a veces violenta, a la burocracia y al recurso creciente de la técnica. Sin embargo, constatamos hoy un movimiento de racionalización, technicisación y profesionalización de estas actividades, lejos de la imagen mistificada de actividades que serían caracterizadas sobre todo por el compromiso, la pasión o la proximidad con el terreno. Así, los actores trabajando en los espacios naturales subrayan su aliñamiento con otras profesiones, mostrando una voluntad de convencer(se que su

  14. [Diagnostic and therapy of tension-type headache].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Straube, A

    2014-08-01

    Episodic headache of the tension type is the most prevalent primary headache with a lifetime prevalence of about 78 %. Clinical characteristics are a dull, moderate, holocephalic headache without accompanying autonomic or vegetative symptoms. The episodic tension-type headache often lasts only 30 min up to a maximum of a few days. In contrast to this clinically often undemanding headache, chronic tension-type headache can cause considerable disability in patients. The 1-year prevalence is 1-3 % of the population. All therapy strategies combine nonpharmaceutical therapy such as education of the patient, regular aerobic exercise, and psychological treatment (e.g., Jacobson's progressive muscle relaxation etc.) with pharmaceutical treatment such as tricyclic antidepressants or combined serotonergic and noradrenergic antidepressants. Combination therapy has been proven to be more effective than singular strategies; however, the chronic tension-type headache still poses a therapeutic problem.

  15. Mitochondrial Respiration and Oxygen Tension.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shaw, Daniel S; Meitha, Karlia; Considine, Michael J; Foyer, Christine H

    2017-01-01

    Measurements of respiration and oxygen tension in plant organs allow a precise understanding of mitochondrial capacity and function within the context of cellular oxygen metabolism. Here we describe methods that can be routinely used for the isolation of intact mitochondria, and the determination of respiratory electron transport, together with techniques for in vivo determination of oxygen tension and measurement of respiration by both CO 2 production and O 2 consumption that enables calculation of the respiratory quotient [CO 2 ]/[O 2 ].

  16. Prediction of tension-type headache risk in adolescents

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    K. A. Stepanchenko

    2016-08-01

    Full Text Available Tension-type headache is the actual problem of adolescent neurology, which is associated with the prevalence of the disease, the tendency of the disease to the chronic course and a negative impact on performance in education, work capacity and quality of patients’ life. The aim. To develop a method for prediction of tension-type headache occurrence in adolescents. Materials and methods. 2342 adolescent boys and girls at the age of 13-17 years in schools of Kharkiv were examined. We used questionnaire to identify the headache. A group of adolescents with tension-type headache - 1430 people (61.1% was selected. The control group included 246 healthy adolescents. Possible risk factors for tension-type headache formation were divided into 4 groups: genetic, biomedical, psychosocial and social. Mathematical prediction of tension-type headache risk in adolescents was performed using the method of intensive indicators normalization of E.N. Shigan, which was based on probabilistic Bayesian’s method. The result was presented in the form of prognostic coefficients. Results. The most informative risk factors for tension-type headache development were the diseases, from which the teenager suffered after 1 year (sleep disorders, gastrointestinal diseases, autonomic disorders in the family history, traumatic brain injury, physical inactivity, poor adaptation of the patient in the kindergarten and school, stresses. Diagnostic scale has been developed to predict the risk of tension-type headache. It includes 23 prognostic factors with their gradation and meaning of integrated risk indicator, depending on individual factor strength influence. The risk of tension-type headache development ranged from 25,27 to 81,43 values of prognostic coefficient (low probability (25,27-43,99, the average probability (43,99-62,71 and high probability (62,71- 81,43. Conclusion. The study of tension-type headache risk factors, which were obtained by using an assessed and

  17. RODOLFO LENZ, 150 AÑOS EN DISPUTA CON EL IMPERIO DE LA LENGU

    OpenAIRE

    Bernaschina, Vicente

    2013-01-01

    Considerando el sesquicentenario del nacimiento de Rodolfo Lenz, el presente artículo invita a una revisión de su obra con dos objetivos principales: por un lado, observar algunas de las tensiones y rechazos que provoca su obra frente al establecimiento e institucionalización de la filología hispánica a inicios del siglo XX y, por el otro, destacar contrastivamente al modelo hispanista, aspectos de sus análisis sociolingüísticos y psicolingüísticos que son de fundamental importancia tanto par...

  18. Tensions et coordinations entre les acteurs des sciences de la performance sportive

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Matthieu Delalandre

    2012-01-01

    tres regímenes de cientificidad, que constituyen a la vez diversos modos de coordinación entre investigadores y entrenadores; junto con formas particulares de producción del conocimiento. El artículo pone de manifiesto las tensiones inherentes en el seno de cada uno de estos regímenes, así como las soluciones adoptadas por sus integrantes para cooperar. Nos interesamos también por los obstáculos que encuentran los investigadores cuando desean pasar de un régimen a otro.

  19. Planck and the local Universe: quantifying the tension

    CERN Document Server

    Verde, Licia; Protopapas, Pavlos

    2013-01-01

    We use the latest Planck constraints, and in particular constraints on the derived parameters (Hubble constant and age of the Universe) for the local universe and compare them with local measurements of the same quantities. We propose a way to quantify whether cosmological parameters constraints from two different experiments are in tension or not. Our statistic, T, is an evidence ratio and therefore can be interpreted with the widely used Jeffrey's scale. We find that in the framework of the LCDM model, the Planck inferred two dimensional, joint, posterior distribution for the Hubble constant and age of the Universe is in "strong" tension with the local measurements; the odds being ~ 1:50. We explore several possibilities for explaining this tension and examine the consequences both in terms of unknown errors and deviations from the LCDM model. In some one-parameter LCDM model extensions, tension is reduced whereas in other extensions, tension is instead increased. In particular, small total neutrino masses ...

  20. Effects of surface tension on tray point efficiencies

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Chen, G.X.; Afacan, A.; Chuang, K.T. (Alberta Univ., Edmonton, AB (Canada))

    1994-08-01

    Sieve tray efficiencies for the distillation of methanol/water, acetic acid/water, and cyclohexane/n-heptane mixtures were measured as a function of composition under fixed vapor and liquid rates in a 0.15 m diameter distillation column. The three binary distillation systems used in the study had a wide range of surface tensions measured as a function of composition. From the efficiencies measured, the number of vapor- and liquid-phase transfer units (Ng and Nl) was determined and the effects of surface tension on Ng and Nl were identified. To further verify the results obtained from the distillation column, bubble sizes in froths for air/water, air/methanol, and air/(water + surfactant) systems with different surface tensions were measured. The results show that surface tension has a significant effect on tray efficiency and the number of transfer units. Bubble sizes in the tray froths were mainly determined by surface tension, and bubble breakup and coalescence occur in the froths. 45 refs., 15 figs., 1 tab.

  1. Caracterización clínica y epidemiológica de fiebre chikungunya en México

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carolina Garay-Morán

    2017-08-01

    Full Text Available RESUMEN El 6 de diciembre de 2013, la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS y la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS notificaron la confirmación de los dos primeros casos de transmisión autóctona en la Región de las Américas de fiebre chikungunya (CHIK en la isla de Saint Martin (Antillas Neerlandesas. Para el período 2013-2014, el total de casos confirmados fue de 25 627 distribuidos en 43 países, donde México reportó 155 casos en cinco estados. La información de los casos de CHIK en México se obtuvo de la base de datos de la Dirección General de Epidemiología, dependiente de la Secretaría de Salud de México. La distribución por sexo de los casos autóctonos confirmados de CHIK para el año 2015 indica 64% para el sexo femenino (5 583 y 36% para el sexo masculino (3 085. Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron: fiebre en 98% de los casos (8 564, seguido por cefalea con 91,6% (7 941, mialgias en 89,9% (7 792, artralgias leves en 73,5% (6 367, poliartralgias graves en 72,6% (6 295 y exantema en 58% (5 032. La presentación clínica de los casos autóctonos de CHIK en México ha mostrado algunas características clínicas diferentes de las que se han observado en los brotes de los países africanos, asiáticos y otras regiones de América, como por ejemplo un mayor porcentaje de casos con cefalea y mialgias y un menor porcentaje de casos con artralgias.

  2. An automatic tension measurement system of MWPC wires

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    D'Antone, I.; Lolli, M.; Torromeo, G.

    1992-01-01

    An electronic system is presented for automatic mechanical tension measurement to test wire chambers. The developed system works in the tension range from 50 g to 300 g; this large working range is obtained by using a microcontroller that performs a digital control on the bridge of an oscillator containing the wire of which the tension has to be measured. The microcontroller automatically brings the system towards the oscillation condition and subsequently, measuring the frequency, it evaluates, displays and sends to a host computer the value of the mechanical tension of the wires. The system is precise and allows fast measurements. A description of the hardware and software design is given. (orig.)

  3. Innovación: Tensiones teóricas en su abordaje

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    John Eddson Burgos Burgos

    2015-11-01

    Full Text Available El trabajo presenta una revisión de la literatura sobre el desarrollo de la innovación en los diversos escenarios donde se la aborda y practica, con el objetivo de conocer cómo afecta a las personas, empresas e instituciones, a su vez como estas generan, adquieren y aplican el conocimiento para introducir cambios en sus procesos administrativos, tecnológicos y culturales. La innovación es típicamente un esfuerzo de grupo, de un individuo o una empresa que pretende mejorar sus rendimientos financieros. El tratar a la innovación crea tensiones en su abordaje, sin embargo hay que hacerle frente, pues la adopción de la innovación es un eje fundamental para el crecimiento de las naciones, de tal forma que en todas, es una política pública que va en apoyo al desarrollo socioeconómico donde intervienen todos los actores del territorio.

  4. Gastrothorax or tension pneumothorax: A diagnostic dilemma

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Singh Sarvesh

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Gastrothorax, a rare complication following thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair, is reported. The clinical features of a gastrothorax and tension pneumothorax are similar and thus, a gastrothorax can masquerade as a tension pneumothorax. The diagnosis is made by a high level of clinical suspicion, chest X-ray shows a distended stomach with air fluid levels and a computerised tomography is useful in assessing the diaphragm and establishing the positions of the various intra-abdominal organs. Also, the risk of an intercostal drainage tube placement and the role of nasogastric tube in avoiding the development of a tension gastrothorax is highlighted.

  5. Tension Hydrothorax Related to Disseminated Endometriosis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    AnnaKate Deal, MD

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available We present the case of a 34-year-old woman presenting to the emergency department (ED with dyspnea, cough, and fever. She was found to have a tension hydrothorax and was treated with ultrasound-guided thoracentesis in the ED. Subsequent inpatient evaluation showed the patient had disseminated endometriosis. Tension hydrothorax has not been previously described in the literature as a complication of this disease.

  6. Rein tension acceptance in young horses in a voluntary test situation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Christensen, J W; Zharkikh, T L; Antoine, A; Malmkvist, J

    2011-03-01

    During riding, horses are frequently exposed to pressure from the rider, e.g. through the bit and reins, but few studies have investigated at which point rein tension becomes uncomfortable for the horse. To investigate how much rein tension young inexperienced horses are willing to accept in order to obtain a food reward; whether the tension acceptance changes during 3 consecutive test days; and whether rein tension correlates with the expression of conflict behaviour and heart rate. Pressure-naïve horses will apply only little rein tension in the first voluntary trial, but their acceptance will gradually increase. High levels of rein tension will lead to expression of conflict behaviour and increases in heart rate. Fifteen 2-year-old, bridle-naïve mares were encouraged to stretch their head forward (across a 0.95 m high metal bar) to obtain a food reward in a voluntary test situation. On each test day, each horse was exposed to 2 control sessions (loose reins), an intermediate and a short rein session (1 min/session). Rein tension, heart rate and behaviour were recorded. The horses applied significantly more tension on the first day (mean rein tension: 10.2 N), compared to the second and third test day (Day 2: 6.0 and Day 3: 5.7 N). The horses showed significantly more conflict behaviour in the short rein treatment. There was no treatment effect on heart rate. The horses applied the highest rein tension on the first day, and apparently learned to avoid the tension, rather than habituate to it. Rein tension correlated with expression of conflict behaviour, indicating that the horses found the tension aversive. Further studies should focus on the correlation between rein tension and conflict behaviour in ridden horses. © 2010 EVJ Ltd.

  7. Surface tension of liquid Al-Cu binary alloys.

    OpenAIRE

    Schmitz, Julianna; Brillo, Jürgen; Egry, Ivan; Schmid-Fetzer, Rainer

    2009-01-01

    Surface tension data of liquid Al–Cu binary alloys have been measured contactlessly using the technique of electromagnetic levitation. A digital CMOS-camera (400 fps) recorded image sequences of the oscillating liquid sample and surface tensions were determined from analysis of the frequency spectra. Measurements were performed for samples covering the entire range of composition and precise data were obtained in a broad temperature range. It was found that the surface tensions can ...

  8. Embracing Tensions in Feminist Organizational Communication Pedagogies

    Science.gov (United States)

    Linabary, Jasmine R.; Long, Ziyu; Mouton, Ashton; Rao, Ranjani L.; Buzzanell, Patrice M.

    2017-01-01

    Feminist pedagogies hold potential to create more inclusive and transformative classrooms. Adopting a tension-centered approach, we draw on our individual and collective reflections on the design and instruction of a multi-section undergraduate organizational communication course to build an autoethnographic account of the tensions associated with…

  9. Tension Pneumothorax following an Accidental Kerosene Poisoning ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Tension pneumothorax is a rare complication following an accidental kerosene poisoning. In such situation, a bed-side needle thoracocentesis is performed because of its potential of becoming fatal; hence its clinical importance. A case of 15 month old boy with tension pneumothorax following accidental kerosene ...

  10. A novel approach to pipeline tensioner modeling

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    O' Grady, Robert; Ilie, Daniel; Lane, Michael [MCS Software Division, Galway (Ireland)

    2009-07-01

    As subsea pipeline developments continue to move into deep and ultra-deep water locations, there is an increasing need for the accurate prediction of expected pipeline fatigue life. A significant factor that must be considered as part of this process is the fatigue damage sustained by the pipeline during installation. The magnitude of this installation-related damage is governed by a number of different agents, one of which is the dynamic behavior of the tensioner systems during pipe-laying operations. There are a variety of traditional finite element methods for representing dynamic tensioner behavior. These existing methods, while basic in nature, have been proven to provide adequate forecasts in terms of the dynamic variation in typical installation parameters such as top tension and sagbend/overbend strain. However due to the simplicity of these current approaches, some of them tend to over-estimate the frequency of tensioner pay out/in under dynamic loading. This excessive level of pay out/in motion results in the prediction of additional stress cycles at certain roller beds, which in turn leads to the prediction of unrealistic fatigue damage to the pipeline. This unwarranted fatigue damage then equates to an over-conservative value for the accumulated damage experienced by a pipeline weld during installation, and so leads to a reduction in the estimated fatigue life for the pipeline. This paper describes a novel approach to tensioner modeling which allows for greater control over the velocity of dynamic tensioner pay out/in and so provides a more accurate estimation of fatigue damage experienced by the pipeline during installation. The paper reports on a case study, as outlined in the proceeding section, in which a comparison is made between results from this new tensioner model and from a more conventional approach. The comparison considers typical installation parameters as well as an in-depth look at the predicted fatigue damage for the two methods

  11. Síndrome de hipotensión intracraneal espontánea Spontaneous intracranial hypotension

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan Ignacio Rojas

    2006-10-01

    Full Text Available El síndrome de hipotensión intracraneal espontánea constituye una entidad clínica cuya principal manifestación es la cefalea ortostática. Esta se acompaña de un descenso en la presión del líquido cefalorraquídeo (LCR y un realce difuso de las paquimeninges evidenciable en la resonancia magnética encefálica, sin que medie historia de trauma craneoencefálico o punción lumbar. Mujer de 24 años de edad sin antecedentes de importancia y cefalea holocraneana de carácter opresivo de 15 días de evolución. La misma se exacerbaba con la bipedestación y cedía con el decúbito. En la punción lumbar se observó pleocitosis a predominio linfocítico, hiperproteinorraquia y abundantes glóbulos rojos, siendo la presión de apertura del LCR de 20 mm H2O. La resonancia magnética encefálica mostró un realce paquimeníngeo difuso luego de la administración del gadolinio. La cisternografía radioisotópica con tecnecio 99 señaló el sitio de pérdida de LCR a nivel dorsal alto, confirmándose la sospecha diagnóstica de hipotensión intracraneal espontánea. La paciente recibió tratamiento médico conservador con evolución clínica favorable. Los hallazgos en los exámenes complementarios y las características clínicas de la cefalea, permitirán confirmar el diagnóstico de hipotensión intracraneal espontánea, evitando de esta manera la realización de procedimientos innecesarios.Spontaneous intracranial hypotension is an infrequent clinical entity characterized by orthostatic headache, low cerebrospinal fluid pressure, and magnetic resonance imaging findings of diffuse pachymeningeal gadolinium enhancement without previous history of head trauma or lumbar puncture. A 24 year-old healthy woman was referred after having daily headaches for two weeks. She described a headache that occurred soon after assuming an upright position and disappeared after resuming a recumbent position. The cerebrospinal fluid showed pleocytosis primarily

  12. Caracterización clinicoepidemiológica de pacientes con leptospirosis Clinical and epidemiological characterization of patients with leptospirosis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Abel Tobías Suárez Olivares

    2009-02-01

    Full Text Available Se efectuó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 145 pacientes con leptospirosis, ingresados en el Hospital General Docente “Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso” de Santiago de Cuba durante el 2005. La enfermedad fue más frecuente en el sexo masculino (85,5 % y los grupos etarios de 15 a 54 años. La mayor tasa de incidencia por 100 000 habitantes se registró en el municipio de II Frente (29,0 y el mayor número de casos (64 en el de Santiago de Cuba. Solo 21 pacientes se incluían en las categorías ocupacionales de riesgo (labores agrícolas y pecuarias. Las manifestaciones clínicas consistieron en fiebre, cefalea y artromialgias. Los pacientes graves presentaron complicaciones pulmonares, cardíacas, hepáticas y renales.A descriptive and cross-sectional study of 145 patients with leptospirosis, admitted in "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" Teaching General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba during the 2005 was carried out. The disease was more frequent in the male sex (85,5% and the age group from 15 to 54 years. The highest incidence rate for 100 000 inhabitants was registered in II Frente municipality (29,0 and the largest number of cases (64 in Santiago de Cuba municipality. Only 21 patients were included in the risk occupational categories(agricultural and cattle activities.The clinical manifestations consisted in fever, migraine and arthromyalgias. The severely-ill patients had lung, heart, hepatic and renal complications.

  13. Length and elasticity of side reins affect rein tension at trot.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Clayton, Hilary M; Larson, Britt; Kaiser, LeeAnn J; Lavagnino, Michael

    2011-06-01

    This study investigated the horse's contribution to tension in the reins. The experimental hypotheses were that tension in side reins (1) increases biphasically in each trot stride, (2) changes inversely with rein length, and (3) changes with elasticity of the reins. Eight riding horses trotted in hand at consistent speed in a straight line wearing a bit and bridle and three types of side reins (inelastic, stiff elastic, compliant elastic) were evaluated in random order at long, neutral, and short lengths. Strain gauge transducers (240 Hz) measured minimal, maximal and mean rein tension, rate of loading and impulse. The effects of rein type and length were evaluated using ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc tests. Rein tension oscillated in a regular pattern with a peak during each diagonal stance phase. Within each rein type, minimal, maximal and mean tensions were higher with shorter reins. At neutral or short lengths, minimal tension increased and maximal tension decreased with elasticity of the reins. Short, inelastic reins had the highest maximal tension and rate of loading. Since the tension variables respond differently to rein elasticity at different lengths, it is recommended that a set of variables representing different aspects of rein tension should be reported. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  14. Tensiones de contacto por el método de elementos finitos del acero AISI 1045 endurecido por rodillo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fernández-Columbié, T.

    2012-02-01

    Full Text Available In this paper, the tense-deformational behavior is analyzed by means of simulation using the finite element method for AISI 1045 cold rolled deformed steel. ANYSYS V.10 software was used in this study. Revolution number, compressive strength and tool feed rate were the variables considered in the deformation process. They allowed determining the contact stress of the deformed material. The material used was 30 mm diameter and 100 mm length. Samples of 30 mm diameter and 3 mm thickness were prepared for the optical microscopic observation, which were compared to the results obtained from the simulation. The tensile status of the deformed samples was evaluated as from the reduction of the average size of the grains as per the strength applied. This study intends to show that the cold hardening method is a surface hardening option.

    En el trabajo se analiza el estado tenso-deformacional mediante la simulación por el método de los elemento finitos del acero AISI 1045 deformado en frío empleando rodillo simple, para ello se utilizó el software ANSYS V.10. En el proceso de deformación se consideran las variables número de revolución, la fuerza compresiva y el avance de la herramienta, lo que permitió determinar las tensiones de contacto del material deformado. El diámetro del material empleado fue de 30 mm con una longitud de 100 mm. Para la observación de la microscopía óptica, se prepararon muestras de 30 mm de diámetro por 3 mm de espesor, las que fueron comparadas con los resultados obtenidos de la simulación. El estado tensional de las muestras deformadas se evaluó a partir de la reducción del tamaño promedio de los granos según la fuerza empleada. Con el desarrollo del trabajo se trata de demostrar que el empleo del método de endurecimiento en frío es una alternativa de endurecimiento superficial.

  15. Effect of potential attraction term on surface tension of ionic liquids

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vaziri, N.; Khordad, R.; Rezaei, G.

    2018-03-01

    In this work, we have studied the effect of attraction term of molecular potential on surface tension of ionic liquids (ILs). For this purpose, we have introduced two different potential models to obtain analytical expressions for the surface tension of ILs. The introduced potential models have different attraction terms. The obtained surface tensions in this work have been compared with other theoretical methods and also experimental data. Using the calculated surface tension, the sound velocity is also estimated. We have studied the structural effects on the surface tensions of imidazolium-based ionic liquids. It is found that the cation alkyl chain length and the anion size play important roles to the surface tension of the selected ionic liquids. The calculated surface tensions show a good harmony with experimental data. It is clear that the attraction term of molecular potential has an important role on surface tension and sound velocity of our system.

  16. Tension Stiffened and Tendon Actuated Manipulator

    Science.gov (United States)

    Doggett, William R. (Inventor); Dorsey, John T. (Inventor); Ganoe, George G. (Inventor); King, Bruce D. (Inventor); Jones, Thomas C. (Inventor); Mercer, Charles D. (Inventor); Corbin, Cole K. (Inventor)

    2015-01-01

    A tension stiffened and tendon actuated manipulator is provided performing robotic-like movements when acquiring a payload. The manipulator design can be adapted for use in-space, lunar or other planetary installations as it is readily configurable for acquiring and precisely manipulating a payload in both a zero-g environment and in an environment with a gravity field. The manipulator includes a plurality of link arms, a hinge connecting adjacent link arms together to allow the adjacent link arms to rotate relative to each other and a cable actuation and tensioning system provided between adjacent link arms. The cable actuation and tensioning system includes a spreader arm and a plurality of driven and non-driven elements attached to the link arms and the spreader arm. At least one cable is routed around the driven and non-driven elements for actuating the hinge.

  17. LA PATAGONIA COMO TERRITORIO EN DISPUTA: TENSIONES ENTRE EL ESTADO, LA IGLESIA Y LA CONGREGACIÓN SALESIANA POR EL ESPACIO MISIONERO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María Nicoletti

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available La Patagonia fue el primer territorio salesiano “ad gentes”. La creación de su administración bajo la figura de un Vicariato y Prefectura apostólica de parte de la Congregación Salesiana y el Colegio de Propaganda Fide, trajo aparejados numerosos conflictos con las Iglesias Argentina y Chilena y con ambos Estados nacionales. Estos conflictos, en el marco histórico de la construcción de las naciones del siglo XIX y principios del siglo XX, fueron acompañados por los planes de evangelización que la Congregación salesiana había formulado para los pueblos originarios. Bajo la gestión y dirección de los dos primeros rectores mayores de la Congregación, Don Bosco y Don Rua, se resolvieron los problemas con las Iglesias y Estados de ambas naciones, cargados de tensiones en la construcción del territorio de evangelización considerado según cada institución como “terra nullius”, “territorio salesiano” o “territorio nacional y diocesano”.

  18. Hiponatremia severa e hidrocefalia normotensiva del adulto: Reporte de un caso

    OpenAIRE

    Rosano, Sebastián; González, Noelia; Zabiaurre, Valentina; Retamoso, Irene; Sosa, Leonardo

    2015-01-01

    Presentamos una paciente de 62 años de edad que ingresa por cefalea, alteraciones conductuales, síndrome tónico-frontal simétrico y síndrome cerebeloso de dos meses de evolución asociado a hiponatremia crónica severa. Se plantea el diagnóstico de síndrome de secreción inadecuada de hormona antidiurética (ADH) secundario a hidrocefalia normotensiva del adulto, presentando clara mejoría con la derivación ventrículo-peritoneal. Este caso pretende aportar información sobre una asociación descrita...

  19. Parachute Cord Tension Sensor

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Aeronautics and Space Administration — To design and fabricate a light weight (few oz), very small (~2 inch length) parachute cord tension sensor demonstrator device.A major challenge for the CPAS (The...

  20. Tension-filled Governance?

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Celik, Tim Holst

    on the statesituated tension-filled functional relationship between legitimation and accumulation, the study both historically and theoretically reworks this approach and reapplies it for the post-1970s/1990s governance period. It asks whether and to what extent governance has served as a distinctive post- 1970s/1990s...

  1. Focal adhesions, stress fibers and mechanical tension

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Burridge, Keith, E-mail: Keith_Burridge@med.unc.edu [Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, 12-016 Lineberger, CB#7295, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC (United States); Guilluy, Christophe, E-mail: christophe.guilluy@univ-nantes.fr [Inserm UMR-S1087, CNRS UMR-C6291, L' institut du Thorax, and Université de Nantes, Nantes (France)

    2016-04-10

    Stress fibers and focal adhesions are complex protein arrays that produce, transmit and sense mechanical tension. Evidence accumulated over many years led to the conclusion that mechanical tension generated within stress fibers contributes to the assembly of both stress fibers themselves and their associated focal adhesions. However, several lines of evidence have recently been presented against this model. Here we discuss the evidence for and against the role of mechanical tension in driving the assembly of these structures. We also consider how their assembly is influenced by the rigidity of the substratum to which cells are adhering. Finally, we discuss the recently identified connections between stress fibers and the nucleus, and the roles that these may play, both in cell migration and regulating nuclear function. - Highlights: • The different types of stress fiber and focal adhesion are described. • We discuss the controversy about tension and assembly of these structures. • We describe the different models used to investigate assembly of these structures. • The influence of substratum rigidity is discussed. • Stress fiber connections to the nucleus are reviewed.

  2. Estado y territorio: aportes, desafíos y tensiones en torno a los problemas de tierra en San Juan

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Margarita Moscheni Bustos

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available RESUMEN La disputa por la tierra se ha convertido en un tema relevante para la política argentina en el siglo XX. Poseedores históricos, propietarios y desposeídos son los actores que participan en la trama. Atravesando el juego, se encuentra el Estado en sus distintos niveles, que con cierta autonomía relativa, regula a favor de unos y en detrimento de otros. Este trabajo se propone aportar datos empíricos sobre algunas tensiones territoriales en la provincia de San Juan y el rol del Estado y sus contradicciones en los distintos niveles. El caso gira en torno a la disputa por la tierra, generando tensiones políticas entre propiedad privada y propiedad comunitaria, o entre el derecho civil y los derechos emanados de la Constitución Nacional, los Tratados Internacionales y la Ley de Bosques Nativos N° 26.331. ABSTRACT The fight about lands has been became in a relevant situation for the argentine politics in the 20th century, the historic owners, and dispossessed are the most important actors. The state through its different levels has a certain kind of autonomy and regulate and take actions which tend to favor some social groups and damage others. In this work is proposed give some empirical facts about territorial tensions in the province of San Juan, its role and contradictions in its different levels. The case revolves around the land dispute, generating political tensions between private property and communal property, or between civil law and rights arising out of the National Constitution, international treaties and Native Forest Law, No. 26.331.

  3. The law of corresponding states and surface tension of metals

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Digilov, R.

    2001-01-01

    Full Text: Surface tension of liquid metals is one of fundamental and most important quantities in theory and practice of material processing and its temperature dependence leads to the well-known Marangoni convection. Although currently methods are sufficiently precise to measure the surface tension, there are uncertainties in experimental data and its temperature dependence mainly due to impurity, which even a trace of it strongly affects the results of measurements. The theoretical treatment from the first principles is unwieldy and not always permits one to calculate the surface tension with certainty. Another active research field deals with empirical correlation between the surface tension and bulk thermodynamic properties, which we interpret as a simple consequence of the law of corresponding states. In order to relate the surface tension and to bulk properties of liquid metals the reduced formula is derived by scaling with the melting point T m (0) at p = 0 and atomic volume Ω 0 2/3 at T = 0 K as macroscopic parameters for scaling ε and a characterizing the interatomic potential in metals. The reduced surface tension and the reduced surface entropy obtained in high temperature limit are discussed and compared with the experiment. The reduced temperature coefficient of the surface tension found is a universal constant for the metals of the same structure. It is shown that pressure dependence of the surface tension, so called baric coefficient of the surface tension, can be described by pressure dependence of scaling parameters T m (p) and Ω 0 (p). (author)

  4. Influence on cervical MR imaging by tension. Comparison between the picture quality of cervical MR image and tension

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Iseki, Tadahiro; Okano, Tamotsu; Kanou, Norio; Tanaka, Kazuharu; Kawasaki, Kouichi; Kawachi, Toshiaki

    2003-01-01

    In our first report, we compared influence on cervical MR image (C-MRI) by fear and anxiety on between the first time and experienced patients, in which the significant difference was not seen between those patients. Then, the present study, we made a comparison of the picture sharpness of C-MRI on between patients who were in states of tension and not, and on among tense patients by several causes. Our study showed the tendency which the good quality pictures were easy to be obtained in the experienced patients who were tensely and the poor quality pictures were in the patients who were not, which could not demonstrated the statistical significant difference. However, as compared the respective cause which induces tension with the picture sharpness, the patients with tenses caused by MR device showed to be difficult to be obtained the good quality pictures. The present study suggested that ''unsuitable tension'', which was overstrung due to fear and anxiety from MR device, was difficult to obtain good quality picture of C-MRI, and that ''suitable tension'', with which could be kept still during the examination, was easy to do it. (author)

  5. Tensions between Teams and Their Leaders

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    J. David Johnson

    2016-10-01

    Full Text Available The intersection of teamwork and leadership results in tensions, dilemmas, and paradoxes for both individuals and for institutions such as simultaneously empowering individuals at the same time it frustrates them when our naive, cultural understanding of leadership centralizes power and values leaders who can impose their will and vision on others. Perhaps the fundamental paradox of teamwork and leadership is that the more leadership is focused on an individual the less likely a team’s potential will be realized. Six specific domains where tensions arise are: at team boundaries; culture; who is in charge, rationality/cognition; diversity; and collaborations. Three approaches - clarifying different levels of analysis, temporal factors, and overarching concepts - to resolving tensions are discussed. New conceptions of leadership and the importance of the larger cultural frame within which they are embedded are needed for the management of technology and innovation.

  6. Bending Under Tension Test with Direct Friction Measurement

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Andreasen, Jan Lasson; Olsson, David Dam; Chodnikiewicz, K.

    2004-01-01

    A special BUT-transducer has been developed in which friction around the tool radius can be directly measured when drawing a plane sheet strip around a cylindrical tool-pin under constant back tension. The front tension, back tension and torque on the tool-pin are all measured directly, thus...... enabling accurate measurement of friction and direct determination of lubricant film breakdown for varying normal pressure, sliding speed, tool radius and tool preheat temperature. The transducer is applied in an experimental investigation focusing on limits of lubrication in drawing of stainless steel...

  7. Automated wireless monitoring system for cable tension using smart sensors

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sim, Sung-Han; Li, Jian; Jo, Hongki; Park, Jongwoong; Cho, Soojin; Spencer, Billie F.; Yun, Chung-Bang

    2013-04-01

    Cables are critical load carrying members of cable-stayed bridges; monitoring tension forces of the cables provides valuable information for SHM of the cable-stayed bridges. Monitoring systems for the cable tension can be efficiently realized using wireless smart sensors in conjunction with vibration-based cable tension estimation approaches. This study develops an automated cable tension monitoring system using MEMSIC's Imote2 smart sensors. An embedded data processing strategy is implemented on the Imote2-based wireless sensor network to calculate cable tensions using a vibration-based method, significantly reducing the wireless data transmission and associated power consumption. The autonomous operation of the monitoring system is achieved by AutoMonitor, a high-level coordinator application provided by the Illinois SHM Project Services Toolsuite. The monitoring system also features power harvesting enabled by solar panels attached to each sensor node and AutoMonitor for charging control. The proposed wireless system has been deployed on the Jindo Bridge, a cable-stayed bridge located in South Korea. Tension forces are autonomously monitored for 12 cables in the east, land side of the bridge, proving the validity and potential of the presented tension monitoring system for real-world applications.

  8. Deformaciones en el hormigón por fluencia para un estado tensional discontinuo con el tiempo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rosso Ródenas, José Ramón

    1980-08-01

    Full Text Available Public Works Technical Engineer The overlap principle admitted in the CEB-FIP 1970 Recommendations and in the EH-68 is not valid for deformation formulae due to creep, of the present instructions EH-73 and EP-77, and it represents a serious setback when designing a structure when loads are acting that have a discontinuous way in time. The purpose of this article is to arbitrate a method that will enable us to calculate a creep curve for an intermediary discharge that fulfils the overlap principle, admitting the load creep curve and the deferred elastic deformation one for total compliance with the EH-73 and EP-77.

    El principio de superposición admitido en las Recomendaciones del CEB-FIP de 1970 y en la EH-68 no es válido para las fórmulas de deformaciones por fluencia de las actuales Instrucciones EH-73 y EP-77, por lo que constituye un grave inconveniente para proyectar una estructura cuando actúan cargas de una manera discontinua con el tiempo. El objeto de este artículo es el de arbitrar un método que nos permita calcular una curva de fluencia para una descarga intermedia que cumpla con el principio de superposición, admitiendo como ciertas la curva de fluencia de carga y la de deformación elástica diferida para descarga total de las EH-73 y EP-77.

  9. Meningitis granulomatosa, glomerulonefritis rápidamente progresiva y vasculitis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Ludueña

    2011-08-01

    Full Text Available El compromiso meníngeo es una manifestación infrecuente de la granulomatosis de Wegener. Puede manifestarse como cefalea con hiperproteinorraquia y engrosamiento de la duramadre con aspecto granulomatoso, que se observa en la resonancia magnética. Presentamos un varón de 57 años con granulomatosis de Wegener que debutó con compromiso de vías aéreas superiores, oídos, órbitas y meningitis granulomatosa asintomática y que posteriormente evolucionó con mononeuritis múltiple y glomerulonefritis crescéntica ANCA positiva. La presencia de ANCA y el compromiso sistémico (vías aéreas superiores, oído, órbitas, nervios periféricos, duramadre y glomerulonefritis rápidamente progresiva permitieron en este caso llegar a un diagnóstico de certeza e iniciar el tratamiento inmunosupresor combinado (corticoides y ciclofosfamida. Evolucionó con remisión clínica y serológica (negativización de ANCA, pero persistiendo leve deterioro secuelar auditivo y de la función renal, sin recidiva de la enfermedad de base.

  10. Corrosion resistance of grouted post-tensioning systems : [summary].

    Science.gov (United States)

    2013-08-01

    The increased popularity of post-tensioned bridge construction in the United States has led to concerns about corrosion and its impact on the life cycle of these bridges. Although the vast majority of post-tensioned bridges in the United States have ...

  11. Molienda asistida con microondas de un coque metalúrgico

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ruisánchez, Esteban

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available Metallurgical cokes are composed of graphitic carbon (s2p2 and different inorganic compounds with very different capacities to absorb microwave radiation. Moreover, due to the electric conductivity shown by the metallurgical cokes, microwave radiation produces electric arcs or microplasmas, which gives rise to hot spots. Therefore, when these cokes are irradiated with microwaves some parts of the particle experiment a rapid heating, while some others do not heat at all. As a result of the different expansion and stress caused by thermal the shock, small cracks and micro-fissures are produced in the particle. The weakening of the coke particles, and therefore an improvement of its grindability, is produced. This paper studies the microwave-assisted grinding of metallurgical coke and evaluates the grinding improvement and energy saving.Los coques metalúrgicos están compuestos mayoritariamente de carbono grafítico (s2p2 y diferentes compuestos inorgánicos con distintas capacidades de absorber la radiación de microondas. Cuando se irradian con microondas fragmentos de estos coques, algunas partes de las partículas experimentan un rápido calentamiento, mientras otras no. Además, debido a que el coque presenta una cierta conductividad eléctrica, al ser irradiados con microondas se producen de forma puntual arcos eléctricos o microplasmas, dando lugar a puntos muy calientes. Como consecuencia de las diferentes dilataciones y tensiones producidas por el choque térmico, se producen en las partículas pequeñas grietas y microfisuras. Esto produce una mayor fragilidad en las partículas de coque y un incremento en la molturabilidad de las mismas. En el presente artículo se estudia la molienda de coque asistida con microondas y se evalúan las mejoras en la molturabilidad y el ahorro de energía producido.

  12. Percepción de la salud física y emocional del equipo de fútbol sub 17 de la Uniautónoma fútbol club año 2015/Determining the physical and emotional health of the sub 17 soccer team of the Uniautónoma soccer club

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    alfredo castañeda londoño

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Se evaluó a los jugadores del equipo de futbol sub 17 de la Universidad Autónoma Del Caribe (UAC. FC, observando la salud física y emocional. Donde dicha investigación fue auspiciada por la Universidad Autónoma del Caribe. Esta fue de tipo cuantitativa, con un enfoque descriptivo. Se observó que la mayoría de los jugadores poseen un óptimo estado físico, aunque una minoría presenta cuadros gripales, cefaleas, erupciones en la piel y dolores musculares, entre otros afectando el desempeño deportivo. Con respecto a la salud emocional la mayoría de la población valorada manifestó un adecuado estado emocional, aunque una minoría ha presentado frustraciones, rabia y ansiedad. Ocasionando todo lo anterior un deterioro progresivo del proceso de comunicación multidireccional del cerebro con el sistema nervioso autónomo, el sistema endocrino y sistema inmune.

  13. Job-related tension, self-esteem and psychological distress in rehabilitation professionals.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Flett, R; Biggs, H; Alpass, F

    1995-06-01

    We examined perceptions of job-related tension among a non-random sample of 52 New Zealand rehabilitation service providers. We considered the relations between job tension and psychological distress and the extent to which feelings of self-esteem moderated this relationship. Major findings are that (a) there is a consistent positive relationship between job tension and general psychological distress; (b) there is a consistent negative relationship between self-esteem and both job tension and general distress; (c) self-esteem moderates the effect of job tension on general distress in that high levels of job tension were associated with increases in psychological distress among respondents with low self-esteem while among respondents with high-self esteem, job-related tension had little negative impact on feelings of psychological distress. Despite a number of limitations, the findings have a number of important implications for professional functioning among rehabilitation service providers and highlight the need for appropriate staff development and training initiatives which focus specifically on service provider wellbeing.

  14. Tensioned Fabric Structures with Surface in the Form of Chen-Gackstatter

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yee Hooi Min

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Form-finding has to be carried out for tensioned fabric structure in order to determine the initial equilibrium shape under prescribed support condition and prestress pattern. Tensioned fabric structures are normally designed to be in the form of equal tensioned surface. Tensioned fabric structure is highly suited to be used for realizing surfaces of complex or new forms. However, research study on a new form as a tensioned fabric structure has not attracted much attention. Another source of inspiration minimal surface which could be adopted as form for tensioned fabric structure is very crucial. The aim of this study is to propose initial equilibrium shape of tensioned fabric structures in the form of Chen-Gackstatter. Computational form-finding using nonlinear analysis method is used to determine the Chen-Gackstatter form of uniformly stressed surfaces. A tensioned fabric structure must curve equally in opposite directions to give the resulting surface a three dimensional stability. In an anticlastic doubly curved surface, the sum of all positive and all negative curvatures is zero. This study provides an alternative choice for structural designer to consider the Chen-Gackstatter applied in tensioned fabric structures. The results on factors affecting initial equilibrium shape can serve as a reference for proper selection of surface parameter for achieving a structurally viable surface.

  15. Oligodendroglioma in a patient with AIDS: case report and review of the literature Oligodendroglioma en un paciente con sida: reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcelo E. Corti

    2004-08-01

    Full Text Available In the last years, new techniques of neuroimages and histopathological methods have been added to the management of cerebral mass lesions in patients with AIDS. Stereotactic biopsy is necessary when after 14 days of empirical treatment for Toxoplasma gondii encephalitis there is no clinical or neuroradiologic improvement. We report a woman with AIDS who developed a single focal brain lesion on the right frontal lobe. She presented a long history of headache and seizures. After two weeks of empirical treatment for toxoplasma encephalitis without response, a magnetic resonance image with spectroscopy was performed and showed a tumoral pattern with a choline peak, diminished of N-acetyl-aspartate and presence of lactate. A stereotactic biopsy was performed. Histopathological diagnosis was a diffuse oligodendroglioma type A. A microsurgical resection of the tumor was carried out and antiretroviral treatment was started. To date she is in good clinical condition, with undetectable plasma viral load and CD4 T cell count > 200 cell/uL.En los últimos años, las nuevas técnicas de neuroimágenes y diversos métodos de diagnóstico histopatológico se han agregado al manejo clínico de las lesiones de masa cerebral ocupante en los pacientes con sida. La biopsia estereotáxica es necesaria cuando, luego de dos semanas de tratamiento empírico para toxoplasmosis cerebral, no se comprueba mejoría clínica ni neurorradiológica. Presentamos una paciente con sida que desarrolló una lesión cerebral a nivel del lóbulo frontal derecho. Como antecedente refirió una larga historia de cefalea y convulsiones. La resonancia nuclear magnética con espectroscopia de voxel único ubicado a nivel de la lesión mostró un patrón de lesión tumoral con pico de colina, déficit de N-acetil-aspartato y presencia de ácido láctico. La biopsia estereotáxica y el estudio histopatológico permitieron arribar al diagnóstico de oligodendroglioma difuso de tipo A. Se le

  16. Inclusion and Participation: Working with the Tensions

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gideon Calder

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available Democracy is crucially about inclusion: a theory of democracy must account for who is to be included in the democratic process, how, and on what terms. Inclusion, if conceived democratically, is fraught with tensions. This article identifies three such tensions, arising respectively in: (i the inauguration of the democratic public; (ii enabling equal participation; and (iii the relationship between instrumental and non-instrumental accounts of democracy’s value. In each case, I argue, rather than seeking somehow to dissolve or avoid such tensions, theories of democracy should allow us to live with their implications reflexively: to work with them. Such tensions are counter-democratic to the extent that they derail what Nancy Fraser calls “participatory parity,” under which citizens count as “full partners in social interaction.” But the extent to which they do this is not itself dependent on points of paradox in the very idea of inclusion. Such parity relies on complex factors, social and economic, which democratic institutions and procedures will not by themselves address. To achieve full democratic inclusion we must already have addressed such factors; no account of democracy itself, however finely-tuned, will do this.

  17. 33 CFR 147.809 - Mars Tension Leg Platform safety zone.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Mars Tension Leg Platform safety... SECURITY (CONTINUED) OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF ACTIVITIES SAFETY ZONES § 147.809 Mars Tension Leg Platform safety zone. (a) Description. The Mars Tension Leg Platform (Mars TLP) is located at position 28°10′10.29...

  18. Tension bulla: a cause of reversible pulmonary hypertension.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Waxman, Michael J; Waxman, Jacob D; Forman, John M

    2015-01-01

    A tension pneumothorax represents a medical emergency warranting urgent diagnosis and treatment. A rapidly expanding bulla may resemble the same clinical presentation but requires an entirely different treatment. A 53-year-old woman presented with increasing shortness of breath and her physical examination and chest x-ray were interpreted as showing a tension pneumothorax. A chest tube was placed which did not resolve the process. Placement of a second chest tube was likewise unsuccessful. A chest CT was then performed and was interpreted as showing an unresolved tension pneumothorax, despite seemingly adequate placement of the 2 chest tubes. Further review of the CT showed the border of a giant bulla and a tentative diagnosis was made of a rapidly expanding bulla with tension physiology. Echocardiogram revealed significant pulmonary hypertension. The bulla was surgically excised, the patient had marked improvement in her clinical symptoms and signs, and echocardiographic follow-up showed complete resolution of the pulmonary hypertension.

  19. Leadership. Using Creative Tension.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cook, David L.

    1986-01-01

    Leadership involves maintaining a balance of the variables which comprise leadership. Love and fear, types of power, success and effectiveness, and driving and restraining forces are discussed as sources of the creative tension a leader uses to influence others. (MT)

  20. Reparación de hernias inguinoescrotales gigantes bilaterales con realización preoperatoria de neumoperitoneo Repair of bilateral giant inguinoscrotal hernias with preoperative pneumoperitoneum

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eugenio Vicario Benito del Valle

    2004-06-01

    Full Text Available Se describe el manejo preoperatorio y quirúrgico de un paciente con hernia inguinoescrotal gigante “con pérdida del derecho de asilo” mediante neumoperitoneo preoperatorio, con el fin de facilitar su reducción y evitar la tensión y la insuficiencia respiratoria que conllevaría. Para realizar el neumoperitoneo se utilizó el aparato de laparoscopia a través de un drenaje peritoneal colocado percutaneamente con ayuda del radiólogo intervencionistaThe preoperative and surgical management of a patient with giant inguinoscrotal hernia with “loss of the asylum right” by preoperative pneumoperitoneum in order to facilitate its reduction and prevent the tension and respiratory failure it would lead to, is described. The pneumoperitoneum was performed by using the laparoscopy apparatus through a peritoneal drainage percutaneously placed with the help of the interventionist radiologist

  1. Surface tension of H2O and D2O

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Vargaftik, N.B.; Voljak, L.D.; Volkov, B.N.

    1975-01-01

    There is a great number of works on surface tension of clean water (H 2 O) at temperatures up to 100 deg C and very few above the boiling point. Works on surface tension of heavy water (D 2 O) are insufficient. A review of works on surface tension of both kinds of water is given

  2. A wireless smart sensor network for automated monitoring of cable tension

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sim, Sung-Han; Cho, Soojin; Li, Jian; Jo, Hongki; Park, Jong-Woong; Jung, Hyung-Jo; Spencer Jr, Billie F

    2014-01-01

    As cables are primary load carrying members in cable-stayed bridges, monitoring the tension forces of the cables provides valuable information regarding structural soundness. Incorporating wireless smart sensors with vibration-based tension estimation methods provides an efficient means of autonomous long-term monitoring of cable tensions. This study develops a wireless cable tension monitoring system using MEMSIC’s Imote2 smart sensors. The monitoring system features autonomous operation, sustainable energy harvesting and power consumption, and remote access using the internet. To obtain the tension force, an in-network data processing strategy associated with the vibration-based tension estimation method is implemented on the Imote2-based sensor network, significantly reducing the wireless data transmission and the power consumption. The proposed monitoring system has been deployed and validated on the Jindo Bridge, a cable-stayed bridge located in South Korea. (paper)

  3. A wireless smart sensor network for automated monitoring of cable tension

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sim, Sung-Han; Li, Jian; Jo, Hongki; Park, Jong-Woong; Cho, Soojin; Spencer, Billie F., Jr.; Jung, Hyung-Jo

    2014-02-01

    As cables are primary load carrying members in cable-stayed bridges, monitoring the tension forces of the cables provides valuable information regarding structural soundness. Incorporating wireless smart sensors with vibration-based tension estimation methods provides an efficient means of autonomous long-term monitoring of cable tensions. This study develops a wireless cable tension monitoring system using MEMSIC’s Imote2 smart sensors. The monitoring system features autonomous operation, sustainable energy harvesting and power consumption, and remote access using the internet. To obtain the tension force, an in-network data processing strategy associated with the vibration-based tension estimation method is implemented on the Imote2-based sensor network, significantly reducing the wireless data transmission and the power consumption. The proposed monitoring system has been deployed and validated on the Jindo Bridge, a cable-stayed bridge located in South Korea.

  4. Strain Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Members Subjected to Uniaxial Tension

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hagsten, Lars German; Rasmussen, Annette Beedholm; Fisker, Jakob

    2017-01-01

    The aim of this paper is to set up a method to determine the strain capacity of tension bars of reinforced concrete (RC) subjected to pure tension. Due to the interaction between reinforcement and concrete and due to the presence of cracks, the stresses in both reinforcement and concrete...... are varying along the length of the tension bar. The strain capacity of the tension bar is seen as the average strain in the reinforcement at the load level corresponding to the ultimate stress capacity of the reinforcement at the cracks. The result of the approach is in overall good agreement when comparing...

  5. ¿Cómo hacer ficciones con ficciones?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jimena Garrido

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Este escrito responde a la invitación a pensar cómo el arte puede colaborar en procesos de reconstitución de lazos sociales. Para ello, propongo retomar reflexiones y experiencias en torno a cómo en específico el campo teatral participa en transformaciones sociales. Por un lado, el trabajo recupera los estudios de la vida social como actuación y, en particular, se detiene a pensar las nociones de personajes, tensiones y extrañezas para el análisis social. Luego, se recitan experiencias del campo teatral las cuales se ocuparon de indagar en la dimensión transformadora de este arte. El propósito es armarnos de herramientas que nos permitan desmontar ficciones de larga duración y trazar propuestas para captar imaginaciones que llegan con los relámpagos. Palabras clave: teatro, performance, personaje, conflicto, extrañar.

  6. Infección por Citomegalovarius con compromiso hepático en adultos inmunocompetentes Cytomegalovirus infection with hepatic involvement in immunocompetent adults

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Claudia Vujacich

    2006-06-01

    Full Text Available Evaluamos retrospectivamente a 73 adultos inmunocompetentes que consultaron entre marzo de 1999 y marzo de 2004 a un centro infectológico ambulatorio por fiebre y astenia, con elevación discreta de las transaminasas y serología compatible con infección reciente por citomegalovirus (CMV. Excluimos a pacientes con antecedentes de transfusiones, adicciones e inmunodeficiencias, así como aquellos con alteraciones hepáticas preexistentes o con serología compatible con infección aguda por hepatitis A, B, C (VHA, VHB, VHC o virus Epstein Barr (VEB. El diagnóstico de infección reciente por citomegalovirus se efectuó mediante la detección de IgM específica (ELISA de captura, seroconversión o aumento cuádruple del título de IgG específica, en presencia de un cuadro clínico compatible. Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron: fiebre (85% y astenia (83%, cefalea (25%, esplenomegalia (20%, adenomegalia (22%, faringitis (25%, mialgia (25% y hepatomegalia (19 %. Se encontró elevación discreta de transaminasas y linfomonocitosis en todos los pacientes (73/73. La elevación promedio de GPT fue de 6 veces y la de GOT fue de 3.5 veces su valor límite. Las características clínicas que diferencian la infección por CMV de la infección por VEB son la menor frecuencia de poliadenopatías y faringitis en la primera. El diagnóstico diferencial de la infección por CMV con compromiso hepático con las hepatitis A y B agudas se basa en la ausencia de ictericia, la menor elevación de las transaminasas, la linfomonocitosis intensa y la presencia de IgM específica que caracterizan a la infección por CMV. En conclusión, ante un paciente joven, previamente sano, con fiebre, astenia intensa, linfomonocitosis y elevación discreta de transaminasas, es importante investigar infección por citomegalovirus.We retrospectively evaluated 73 immunocompetent adult patients assisted at our Infectious Diseases Clinic between March 1999 and March 2004 who

  7. Tension in the recent Type Ia supernovae datasets

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wei, Hao

    2010-01-01

    In the present work, we investigate the tension in the recent Type Ia supernovae (SNIa) datasets Constitution and Union. We show that they are in tension not only with the observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy and the baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO), but also with other SNIa datasets such as Davis and SNLS. Then, we find the main sources responsible for the tension. Further, we make this more robust by employing the method of random truncation. Based on the results of this work, we suggest two truncated versions of the Union and Constitution datasets, namely the UnionT and ConstitutionT SNIa samples, whose behaviors are more regular.

  8. Tensions in implementing the “energy-conservation/carbon-reduction” policy in Taiwanese culture

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chiu, Mei-Shiu

    2013-01-01

    The aim of this study is to investigate the Taiwanese public's perceptions of tensions between the implementation of an energy policy and the practice of traditional culture. The energy policy calls for public actions to conserve energy and reduce carbon emissions. The research participants are 94 people, selected by balancing sexes, ages, and residential areas, from a wide range of vocations. The research data were collected by semi-structured interview with the participants individually. Interview questions were designed to elicit the participants' constructs, beliefs, behaviours, and tensions in relation to energy policy and traditional culture. Data analysis was performed based on a qualitative methodology by the procedure of open coding, theme finding, constant comparison, and theory generation. The analysis identifies four tensions: (1) tensions in knowledge bases between energy conservation and carbon reduction, (2) tensions in lifestyles between having and being, (3) tensions in social systems between authority and conformity, and (4) tensions in creation boundaries between technology and nature. The themes underlying the four tensions are uncertainty, pleasure, power, and control, respectively. Solutions to the four tensions may include practical knowledge, pragmatic idealism, hierarchical collaboration, and sustainable innovation. - Highlights: ► Tensions occur between energy policy and traditional culture. ► Tensions occur in knowledge, life, society, and creation in Taiwan. ► The themes of the four tensions are uncertainty, pleasure, power, and control

  9. Rein tension acceptance in young horses in a voluntary test situation

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Christensen, Janne Winther; zharkikh, T.L.; Antoine, A.

    2011-01-01

    Reasons for performing the study: During riding, horses are frequently exposed to pressure from the rider, e.g. through the bit and reins, but few studies have investigated at which point rein tension becomes uncomfortable for the horse. Objectives: To investigate how much rein tension young...... inexperienced horses are willing to accept in order to obtain a food reward; whether the tension acceptance changes during 3 consecutive test days; and whether rein tension correlates with the expression of conflict behaviour and heart rate. Hypotheses: Pressure-naïve horses will apply only little rein tension...... in the first voluntary trial, but their acceptance will gradually increase. High levels of rein tension will lead to expression of conflict behaviour and increases in heart rate. Methods: Fifteen 2-year-old, bridle-naïve mares were encouraged to stretch their head forward (across a 0.95 m high metal bar...

  10. Tensions in the Parent and Adult Child Relationship: Links to Solidarity and Ambivalence

    Science.gov (United States)

    Birditt, Kira S.; Miller, Laura M.; Fingerman, Karen L.; Lefkowitz, Eva S.

    2009-01-01

    Tensions are normative in the parent and adult child relationship, but there is little research on the topics that cause the most tension or whether tensions are associated with overall relationship quality. Adult sons and daughters, aged 22 to 49, and their mothers and fathers (N = 158 families, 474 individuals) reported the intensity of different tension topics and relationship quality (solidarity and ambivalence) with one another. Tensions varied between and within families by generation, gender and age of offspring. In comparison to tensions regarding individual issues, tensions regarding the relationship were associated with lower affective solidarity and greater ambivalence. Findings are consistent with the developmental schism hypothesis, which indicates that parent-child tensions are common and are the result of discrepancies in developmental needs which vary by generation, gender, and age. PMID:19485648

  11. Sexual health for people with intellectual disability Salud sexual para personas con discapacidad intelectual

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gillian Eastgate

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available People with intellectual disability experience the same range of sexual needs and desires as other people. However, they experience many difficulties meeting their needs. They may be discouraged from relieving sexual tension by masturbating. They face a high risk of sexual abuse. They are likely not to be offered the full range of choices for contraception and sexual health screening. Poor education and social isolation may increase their risk of committing sexual offences. However, with appropriate education and good social support, people with intellectual disability are capable of safe, constructive sexual expression and healthy relationships. Providing such support is an essential part of supporting people with intellectual disability.Las personas con discapacidad intelectual experimentan el mismo rango de necesidades y deseos sexuales que las demás, sin embargo éstas encuentran muchas dificultades para satisfacer sus necesidades. En ocasiones se les desalienta de aliviar la tensión sexual mediante masturbación, corren un alto riesgo de sufrir abuso sexual y es muy probable que no se les ofrezcan todas las opciones de anticoncepción y exámenes de salud sexual. La escasa educación y el aislamiento social pueden aumentar el riesgo de que cometan infracciones sexuales. Sin embargo, con una educación apropiada y con un buen apoyo social las personas con discapacidad intelectual pueden encontrar relaciones saludables y una expresión sexual segura y constructiva. Parte esencial de la asistencia a las personas con discapacidad intelectual consiste precisamente en proporcionarles dicho apoyo.

  12. Optic nerve oxygen tension

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Kiilgaard, Jens Folke; Pedersen, D B; Eysteinsson, T

    2004-01-01

    The authors have previously reported that carbonic anhydrase inhibitors such as acetazolamide and dorzolamide raise optic nerve oxygen tension (ONPO(2)) in pigs. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether timolol, which belongs to another group of glaucoma drugs called beta...

  13. Cellular control of connective tissue matrix tension.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Langevin, Helene M; Nedergaard, Maiken; Howe, Alan K

    2013-08-01

    The biomechanical behavior of connective tissue in response to stretching is generally attributed to the molecular composition and organization of its extracellular matrix. It also is becoming apparent that fibroblasts play an active role in regulating connective tissue tension. In response to static stretching of the tissue, fibroblasts expand within minutes by actively remodeling their cytoskeleton. This dynamic change in fibroblast shape contributes to the drop in tissue tension that occurs during viscoelastic relaxation. We propose that this response of fibroblasts plays a role in regulating extracellular fluid flow into the tissue, and protects against swelling when the matrix is stretched. This article reviews the evidence supporting possible mechanisms underlying this response including autocrine purinergic signaling. We also discuss fibroblast regulation of connective tissue tension with respect to lymphatic flow, immune function, and cancer. Copyright © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  14. Violencia contra las mujeres : Barreras en el ejercicio de Derechos en tensión con las normativas vigentes

    OpenAIRE

    López, Carlos Javier

    2013-01-01

    El presente trabajo reflexiona acerca de lo que Diana Maffia expresa como barreras culturales, epistémicas, políticas, subjetivas y jurídicas que constituyen obstáculos en el ejercicio de derechos de las mujeres. Se analizarán ciertas tensiones que se establecen entre normativas internacionales, nacionales y provinciales vigentes en relación con las barreras mencionadas. Finalmente se pondrán en visibilidad la lucha de los movimientos feministas y de mujeres introduciendo un aspecto que resul...

  15. Exploring the tensions of being and becoming a medical educator.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sethi, Ahsan; Ajjawi, Rola; McAleer, Sean; Schofield, Susie

    2017-03-23

    Previous studies have identified tensions medical faculty encounter in their roles but not specifically those with a qualification in medical education. It is likely that those with postgraduate qualifications may face additional tensions (i.e., internal or external conflicts or concerns) from differentiation by others, greater responsibilities and translational work against the status quo. This study explores the complex and multi-faceted tensions of educators with qualifications in medical education at various stages in their career. The data described were collected in 2013-14 as part of a larger, three-phase mixed-methods research study employing a constructivist grounded theory analytic approach to understand identity formation among medical educators. The over-arching theoretical framework for the study was Communities of Practice. Thirty-six educators who had undertaken or were undertaking a postgraduate qualification in medical education took part in semi-structured interviews. Participants expressed multiple tensions associated with both becoming and being a healthcare educator. Educational roles had to be juggled with clinical work, challenging their work-life balance. Medical education was regarded as having lower prestige, and therefore pay, than other healthcare career tracks. Medical education is a vast speciality, making it difficult as a generalist to keep up-to-date in all its areas. Interestingly, the graduates with extensive experience in education reported no fears, rather asserting that the qualification gave them job variety. This is the first detailed study exploring the tensions of educators with postgraduate qualifications in medical education. It complements and extends the findings of the previous studies by identifying tensions common as well as specific to active students and graduates. These tensions may lead to detachment, cynicism and a weak sense of identity among healthcare educators. Postgraduate programmes in medical education

  16. Política y subjetividad: la tensión autogestióndelegación en empresas y fábricas recuperadas Politics & Subjectivity: The Self-Management / Delegation Tensions On Business And Recovered Factories

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana María Fernández

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available Este trabajo se enmarca en la investigación UBACyT P052 "Política y subjetividad: estrategias colectivas frente a la vulnerabilización social" Es una investigación exploratoria descriptiva, con una metodología cualitativa para el relevamiento y análisis de la información. El marco teórico posee un criterio multireferencial que articula ideas de las Ciencias Sociales, la Psicología Social, el Movimiento Institucionalista, las Teorías Grupales, el Psicoanálisis, las Teorías de las Producciones Discursivas y la Psicología Comunitaria. Se presentan varios espacios colectivos relevados, integrados por trabajadores de Fábricas Recuperadas y algunas de las tensiones que los atraviesan. Se señala cómo la construcción de espacios de acción colectiva, particularmente en sus modalidades más autogestivas y su tensión con modalidades más delegativas, hacen posibles nuevos modos de organización. Esta tensión posibilita la invención de novedosos modos de organización.This paper is related with UBACyT P052 "Politics and subjectivity: collectives strategys at the head of social vulnerability". This is an exploratory and descriptive work, with a qualitative methodology for the collecting and analysis of the information. Its theoretical frame is designed with multi-referential criterion that articulates ideas of Social Sciences, Social Psychology, Institutionalist Movement, Group Theories, Psychoanalysis, Theories of the Discursive Productions and Community Psychology. It presents recovered factories workers' collective experiencies and some tensions across their collective actions. It is pointed out how the construction of spaces for collective action, particularly in the self-management organization way and its tensions with the delegative one, make possible new modes of organization. This tension allows the invention of new modes of organization.

  17. Conducting Qualitative Data Analysis: Managing Dynamic Tensions within

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chenail, Ronald J.

    2012-01-01

    In the third of a series of "how-to" essays on conducting qualitative data analysis, Ron Chenail examines the dynamic tensions within the process of qualitative data analysis that qualitative researchers must manage in order to produce credible and creative results. These tensions include (a) the qualities of the data and the qualitative data…

  18. Coupled Interfacial Tension and Phase Behavior Model Based on Micellar Curvatures

    KAUST Repository

    Torrealba, V. A.

    2017-11-08

    This article introduces a consistent and robust model that predicts interfacial tensions for all microemulsion Winsor types and overall compositions. The model incorporates film bending arguments and Huh\\'s equation and is coupled to phase behavior so that simultaneous tuning of both interfacial tension (IFT) and phase behavior is possible. The oil-water interfacial tension and characteristic length are shown to be related to each other through the hydrophilic-lipophilic deviation (HLD). The phase behavior is tied to the micelle curvatures, without the need for using the net average curvature (NAC). The interfacial tension model is related to solubilization ratios in order to introduce a coupled interfacial tension-phase behavior model for all phase environments. The approach predicts two- and three-phase interfacial tensions and phase behavior (i.e., tie lines and tie triangles) for changes in composition and HLD input parameters, such as temperature, pressure, surfactant structure, and oil equivalent alkane carbon number. Comparisons to experimental data show excellent fits and predictive capability.

  19. Quantifying the BICEP2-Planck tension over gravitational waves.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Smith, Kendrick M; Dvorkin, Cora; Boyle, Latham; Turok, Neil; Halpern, Mark; Hinshaw, Gary; Gold, Ben

    2014-07-18

    The recent BICEP2 measurement of B-mode polarization in the cosmic microwave background (r = 0.2(-0.05)(+0.07)), a possible indication of primordial gravity waves, appears to be in tension with the upper limit from WMAP (r < 0.13 at 95% C.L.) and Planck (r < 0.11 at 95% C.L.). We carefully quantify the level of tension and show that it is very significant (around 0.1% unlikely) when the observed deficit of large-scale temperature power is taken into account. We show that measurements of TE and EE power spectra in the near future will discriminate between the hypotheses that this tension is either a statistical fluke or a sign of new physics. We also discuss extensions of the standard cosmological model that relieve the tension and some novel ways to constrain them.

  20. Modeling of surface tension effects in venturi scrubbing

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ott, Robert M.; Wu, Tatsu K. L.; Crowder, Jerry W.

    A modified model of venturi scrubber performance has been developed that addresses two effects of liquid surface tension: its effect on droplet size and its effect on particle penetration into the droplet. The predictions of the model indicate that, in general, collection efficiency increases with a decrease in liquid surface tension, but the range over which this increase is significant depends on the particle size and on the scrubber operating parameters. The predictions further indicate that the increases in collection efficiency are almost totally due to the effect of liquid surface tension on the mean droplet size, and that the collection efficiency is not significantly affected by the ability of the particle to penetrate the droplet.

  1. Farmacovigilancia de la sertralina en pacientes cubanos con episodio de depresión mayor Pharmaceutical surveillance of sertraline in Cuban patients affected by major depression episode

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leslie Pérez Ruiz

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available En la depresión predominan síntomas como: desinterés, fatiga, sentimientos de inutilidad, desconcentración, deseos de muerte e insomnio. Entre los medicamentos para tratarla se encuentra la sertralina. Con el objetivo de evaluar su seguridad, se revisaron 40 historias clínicas y cuadernos de recogida de datos de los pacientes incluidos en ensayo clínico fase III, aletatorizado, controlado y a doble ciegas: "Uso de sertralina en pacientes con episodio de depresión mayor", pertenecientes al Hospital "Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima". Se obtuvieron datos demográficos, clínicos y eventos adversos, con los cuales se realizó un estudio descriptivo, observacional y transversal que clasifica como un estudio de utilización de medicamentos sobre consecuencias prácticas. La información fue analizada mediante SPSS, versión 13.0 para Windows. De los 40 pacientes incluidos, 24 presentaron eventos adversos para un 60 %; de ellos, 16 (67 % en el grupo tratado con sertralina y 8 (33 % en los tratados con placebo. Los eventos adversos más frecuentes fueron: disminución de peso, sequedad bucal, cefalea, diarreas y náuseas. En su mayoría resultaron de intensidad ligera, causalidad probable y sin necesidad de tratamiento. El uso del fármaco se consideró seguro en el tratamiento de estos pacientes.Some predominant symptoms in depression are lack of interest, fatigue, feeling of uselessness, lack of concentration, desire of being dead and insomnia. One of the drugs to treat this illness is Sertraline. For the purpose of evaluating its safety, 40 medical histories and data collection logs with information on patients included in a double-blind, controlled, randomized phase III clinical trial "Use of Sertraline in patients suffering episodes of great depression" were reviewed. These patients were seen at "Gustavo Aldereguía Lima" hospital. Demographic, clinical and adverse event data were obtained to undertake a descriptive, observational and cross

  2. Correlación clinicopatológica en pacientes inmunocompetentes con Meningitis tuberculosa, reporte de casos de autopsia en el Hospital Universitario de Santander-Colombia Clinicopathological correlation in inmunocompetent patients with tuberculous meningitis, autopsy cases report in the Hospital Universitario de Santander-Colombia.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Julio Cesar Mantilla

    2012-04-01

    Full Text Available Introducción: describir tres casos fatales de tuberculosis meníngea y establecer correlación clinicopatológica. Materiales y métodos: revisión de protocolos de autopsia entre enero 1 y junio 30 de 2010 en el Departamento de Patología de la Universidad Industrial de Santander (UIS. Entre 121 protocolos de necropsias se encontraron 3 casos de tuberculosis meníngea, de los cuales se revisaron historias clínicas, preparaciones histopatológicas y fotografías. Resultados: tres casos de adultos con edad promedio de 39 años, sin inmunosupresión con tuberculosis meníngea. Las manifestaciones clínicas fueron cefalea, vómito, fiebre, disartria, compromiso de pares craneales, alteraciones motoras y del estado de conciencia. Conclusiones: la tuberculosis meníngea es la forma más grave de la enfermedad, con desenlace fatal en casos no diagnosticados. El bajo índice de sospecha y la similitud con otras infecciones del sistema nervioso central, no permiten diagnostico precoz ni tratamiento oportuno. Salud UIS 2012; 44 (1: 57-66Introduction: to describe three fatal cases of tuberculous meningitis and to establish clinical pathological correlation. Materials and methods: Revision of autopsy protocols between 01 january and june 30 of 2010 in the Department of Pathology of the Industrial University of Santander (UIS. Between 121 protocols of autopsies were 3 cases of tuberculous meningitis, of which clinical histories, histopathological slides and photographies were rewieved. Results: three cases of adults with age average of 39 years, without inmunosupresión with tuberculous meningitis. The clinical manifestations were migraine, vomit, fever, disartria, commitment of cranial nerves, motor alterations and disorders of consciousness. Conclusions: the tuberculous meningitis is the most serious form of the disease, with fatal course in nondiagnosed cases. The low index of suspicion and the similarity with other infections of the central nervous

  3. Myosin II dynamics are regulated by tension in intercalating cells.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fernandez-Gonzalez, Rodrigo; Simoes, Sérgio de Matos; Röper, Jens-Christian; Eaton, Suzanne; Zallen, Jennifer A

    2009-11-01

    Axis elongation in Drosophila occurs through polarized cell rearrangements driven by actomyosin contractility. Myosin II promotes neighbor exchange through the contraction of single cell boundaries, while the contraction of myosin II structures spanning multiple pairs of cells leads to rosette formation. Here we show that multicellular actomyosin cables form at a higher frequency than expected by chance, indicating that cable assembly is an active process. Multicellular cables are sites of increased mechanical tension as measured by laser ablation. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching experiments show that myosin II is stabilized at the cortex in regions of increased tension. Myosin II is recruited in response to an ectopic force and relieving tension leads to a rapid loss of myosin, indicating that tension is necessary and sufficient for cortical myosin localization. These results demonstrate that myosin II dynamics are regulated by tension in a positive feedback loop that leads to multicellular actomyosin cable formation and efficient tissue elongation.

  4. Surface tension anomalies in room temperature ionic liquids-acetone solutions

    Science.gov (United States)

    Abe, Hiroshi; Murata, Keisuke; Kiyokawa, Shota; Yoshimura, Yukihiro

    2018-05-01

    Surface tension anomalies were observed in room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL)-acetone solutions. The RTILs are 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazorium iodide with [Cnmim][I] in a [Cnmim][I]-x mol% acetone. The maximum value of the surface tension appeared at 40 mol% acetone, although density decreased monotonically with an increase in acetone concentration. A small alkyl chain length effect of the Cnmim+ cations was observed in the surface tension. By the Gibbs adsorption isotherm, it was found that I- anion-mediated surface structure became dominant above 40 mol%. In the different [Cnmim][TFSI]-acetone mixtures, normal decay of the surface tension was observed on the acetone concentration scale, where TFSI- is bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide.

  5. Transitions of tethered chain molecules under tension.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Luettmer-Strathmann, Jutta; Binder, Kurt

    2014-09-21

    An applied tension force changes the equilibrium conformations of a polymer chain tethered to a planar substrate and thus affects the adsorption transition as well as the coil-globule and crystallization transitions. Conversely, solvent quality and surface attraction are reflected in equilibrium force-extension curves that can be measured in experiments. To investigate these effects theoretically, we study tethered chains under tension with Wang-Landau simulations of a bond-fluctuation lattice model. Applying our model to pulling experiments on biological molecules we obtain a good description of experimental data in the intermediate force range, where universal features dominate and finite size effects are small. For tethered chains in poor solvent, we observe the predicted two-phase coexistence at transitions from the globule to stretched conformations and also discover direct transitions from crystalline to stretched conformations. A phase portrait for finite chains constructed by evaluating the density of states for a broad range of solvent conditions and tensions shows how increasing tension leads to a disappearance of the globular phase. For chains in good solvents tethered to hard and attractive surfaces we find the predicted scaling with the chain length in the low-force regime and show that our results are well described by an analytical, independent-bond approximation for the bond-fluctuation model for the highest tensions. Finally, for a hard or slightly attractive surface the stretching of a tethered chain is a conformational change that does not correspond to a phase transition. However, when the surface attraction is sufficient to adsorb a chain it will undergo a desorption transition at a critical value of the applied force. Our results for force-induced desorption show the transition to be discontinuous with partially desorbed conformations in the coexistence region.

  6. Computationally fast estimation of muscle tension for realtime bio-feedback.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Murai, Akihiko; Kurosaki, Kosuke; Yamane, Katsu; Nakamura, Yoshihiko

    2009-01-01

    In this paper, we propose a method for realtime estimation of whole-body muscle tensions. The main problem of muscle tension estimation is that there are infinite number of solutions to realize a particular joint torque due to the actuation redundancy. Numerical optimization techniques, e.g. quadratic programming, are often employed to obtain a unique solution, but they are usually computationally expensive. For example, our implementation of quadratic programming takes about 0.17 sec per frame on the musculoskeletal model with 274 elements, which is far from realtime computation. Here, we propose to reduce the computational cost by using EMG data and by reducing the number of unknowns in the optimization. First, we compute the tensions of muscles with surface EMG data based on a biological muscle data, which is a very efficient process. We also assume that their synergists have the same activity levels and compute their tensions with the same model. Tensions of the remaining muscles are then computed using quadratic programming, but the number of unknowns is significantly reduced by assuming that the muscles in the same heteronymous group have the same activity level. The proposed method realizes realtime estimation and visualization of the whole-body muscle tensions that can be applied to sports training and rehabilitation.

  7. preescolares desnutridos con madres con obesidad y sin obesidad

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Viridiana Vanessa Conzuelo-González

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available El primer objetivo fue conocer cuántos menores de cinco años con diferentes grados de desnutrición tienen una madre con sobrepeso/obesidad/ en una comunidad indígena que vive en extrema pobreza y bajo condiciones de migración masculina internacional. El segundo fue comparar tres variables socionutricionales (ingreso familiar, educación de la madre y adecuación nutrimental de la dieta diaria entre estos hogares y los hogares con desnutrición infantil y madres sin obesidad. Se realizó un estudio transversal (2006-2007, en la comunidad mazahua de San Francisco Tepeolulco, Municipio de Temascalcingo; que incluyó a 85 hogares integrados por preescolares con desnutrición inscritos al programa Oportunidades. Se determinó el estado nutrición de los preescolares con indicadores antropométricos y se obtuvo el IMC de las madres de estos infantes. Se aplicó una encuesta socionutricional, incluida el recordatorio de 24 horas, y complementado con la observación participante (cualitativa. Se encontró que 83% de las madres mazahuas presentaron sobrepeso u obesidad. El estado de nutrición de los preescolares con madres con obesidad presentó un porcentaje mayor de desnutrición (76%. En la variable género, se encontró que 54% de los niños con madres con obesidad tenía baja talla. Al relacionar el nivel educativo de la madre, esta variable resultó ser estadísticamente significativa (p=0.015, donde el analfabetismo está más relacionado con la desnutrición infantil que tienen madres de bajo y/o peso normal. La elevada prevalencia de hogares conformados con preescolares con desnutrición y madres con obesidad, es un síntoma más de la pobreza en zonas indígenas en México, con bajo índice de desarrollo humano.

  8. POSTOPERATIVE URINARY RETENTION AND EARLY REPOSITION OF TENSION-FREE VAGINAL TAPE

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marijan Lužnik

    2003-12-01

    Full Text Available Background. The purpose of this article is to show a possible method of treatment of postoperative urinary retention after an initial tension-free vaginal tape.Methods. From December 1999 to May 2003 we performed one hundred TVT procedures at our department, among them five women had postoperative urinary retention evaluated with catheterization. Revision and reposition of tension-free vaginal tape were performed if retention of urine was over 100 ml.Results. Urinary retention after an initial tension-free vaginal tape was successfully treated by early reposition of tension-free vaginal tape. This resulted in immediate residualfree voiding and continence, which remained unchanged at 6 week and 3 month follow-up.Conclusions. Postoperative urinary retention may be treated by reposition instead of dissection or elongation of the tension-free vaginal tape.

  9. The tension as perturbative parameter in string theory

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gamboa, J.

    1990-01-01

    We propose an approach to string theory where the zero theory is the null string. We find an explicit form of the propagator for the null string in the momentum space. We show that considering the tension as perturbative parameter, the perturbative series is completely summable and we find the propagator of the bosonic open string with tension T. (author) [pt

  10. Surface tension and density of Si-Ge melts

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ricci, Enrica; Amore, Stefano; Giuranno, Donatella; Novakovic, Rada; Tuissi, Ausonio; Sobczak, Natalia; Nowak, Rafal; Korpala, Bartłomiej; Bruzda, Grzegorz

    2014-06-01

    In this work, the surface tension and density of Si-Ge liquid alloys were determined by the pendant drop method. Over the range of measurements, both properties show a linear temperature dependence and a nonlinear concentration dependence. Indeed, the density decreases with increasing silicon content exhibiting positive deviation from ideality, while the surface tension increases and deviates negatively with respect to the ideal solution model. Taking into account the Si-Ge phase diagram, a simple lens type, the surface tension behavior of the Si-Ge liquid alloys was analyzed in the framework of the Quasi-Chemical Approximation for the Regular Solutions model. The new experimental results were compared with a few data available in the literature, obtained by the containerless method.

  11. Rein tension during canter

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Egenvall, Agneta; Eisersiö, Marie; Rhodin, Marie; van Weeren, P.R.; Roepstorff, Lars

    2015-01-01

    Riders generally use reins as a means for communication with the horse. At present, the signalling pattern is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to illustrate and analyse the rein tension patterns in a number of rider/horse combinations across a variety of exercises in the canter gait. Our

  12. On innovation patterns and value-tensions in public services

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Fuglsang, Lars; Rønning, Rolf

    2015-01-01

    to the possibility of intertwined innovation patterns. Focusing public sector services, this paper agues that intertwined innovation patterns emerge within public services as a response to value-tensions. Values can be defined as measures for beneficial behaviour that guide innovation. Value-tensions in public...... services include tensions between the political, economic, communal, aesthetic and intellectual values. The contribution of the paper to service innovation research is the emphasis on the concept of intertwined innovation patterns, such as the intertwinement of science driven and task driven innovation....... Further, the paper contributes by pinpointing how varied values guide innovation in public services....

  13. Tension-induced binding of semiflexible biopolymers

    Science.gov (United States)

    Benetatos, Panayotis; von der Heydt, Alice; Zippelius, Annette

    2015-03-01

    We investigate theoretically the effect of polymer tension on the collective behaviour of reversible cross-links. We use a model of two parallel-aligned, weakly-bending wormlike chains with a regularly spaced sequence of binding sites subjected to a tensile force. Reversible cross-links attach and detach at the binding sites with an affinity controlled by a chemical potential. In a mean-field approach, we calculate the free energy of the system and we show the emergence of a free energy barrier which controls the reversible (un)binding. The tension affects the conformational entropy of the chains which competes with the binding energy of the cross-links. This competition gives rise to a sudden increase in the fraction of bound sites as the polymer tension increases. The force-induced first-order transition in the number of cross-links implies a sudden force-induced stiffening of the effective stretching modulus of the polymers. This mechanism may be relevant to the formation and stress-induced strengthening of stress fibers in the cytoskeleton. We acknowledge support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) via grant SFB-937/A1.

  14. Bilateral tension pneumothorax related to acupuncture.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tagami, Rumi; Moriya, Takashi; Kinoshita, Kosaku; Tanjoh, Katsuhisa

    2013-06-01

    We report on a patient with a rare case of bilateral tension pneumothorax that occurred after acupuncture. A 69-year-old large-bodied man, who otherwise had no risk factors for spontaneous pneumothorax, presented with chest pressure, cold sweats and shortness of breath. Immediately after bilateral pneumothorax had been identified on a chest radiograph in the emergency room, his blood pressure and percutaneous oxygen saturation suddenly decreased to 78 mm Hg and 86%, respectively. We confirmed deterioration in his cardiopulmonary status and diagnosed bilateral tension pneumothorax. We punctured his chest bilaterally and inserted chest tubes for drainage. His vital signs promptly recovered. After the bilateral puncture and drainage, we learnt that he had been treated with acupuncture on his upper back. We finally diagnosed a bilateral tension pneumothorax based on the symptoms that appeared 8 h after the acupuncture. Because the patient had no risk factors for spontaneous pneumothorax, no alternative diagnosis was proposed. We recommend that patients receiving acupuncture around the chest wall must be adequately informed of the possibility of complications and expected symptoms, as a definitive diagnosis can be difficult without complete information.

  15. Tension-induced binding of semiflexible biopolymers

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Benetatos, Panayotis; Heydt, Alice von der; Zippelius, Annette

    2014-01-01

    We investigate theoretically the effect of polymer tension on the collective behavior of reversibly binding cross-links. For this purpose, we employ a model of two weakly bending wormlike chains aligned in parallel by a tensile force, with a sequence of inter-chain binding sites regularly spaced along the contours. Reversible cross-links attach and detach at the sites with an affinity controlled by a chemical potential. In a mean-field approach, we calculate the free energy of the system and find the emergence of a free-energy barrier which controls the reversible (un)binding. The tension affects the conformational entropy of the chains which competes with the binding energy of the cross-links. This competition gives rise to a sudden increase in the fraction of bound sites as the tension increases. We show that this transition is related to the cross-over between weak and strong localization of a directed polymer in a pinning potential. The cross-over to the strongly bound state can be interpreted as a mechanism for force-stiffening which exceeds the capabilities of single-chain elasticity and thus available only to reversibly cross-linked polymers. (paper)

  16. The effects of combined elastic- and free-weight tension vs. free-weight tension on one-repetition maximum strength in the bench press.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bellar, David M; Muller, Matthew D; Barkley, Jacob E; Kim, Chul-Ho; Ida, Keisuke; Ryan, Edward J; Bliss, Mathew V; Glickman, Ellen L

    2011-02-01

    The present study investigated the effects of training combining elastic tension, free weights, and the bench press. Eleven college-aged men (untrained) in the bench press participated in the 13-week study. The participants were first given instructions and then practiced the bench press, followed by a one-repetition maximum (1RM) test of baseline strength. Subjects were then trained in the bench press for 3 weeks to allow for the beginning of neural adaptation. After another 1RM test, participants were assigned to 1 of 2 conditions for the next 3 weeks of training: 85% Free-Weight Tension, 15% Elastic Tension (BAND), or 100% Free-Weight Tension (STAND). After 3 weeks of training and a third 1RM max test, participants switched treatments, under which they completed the final 3 weeks of training and the fourth 1RM test. Analysis via analysis of covariance revealed a significant (p ≤ 0.05) main effect for time and interaction effect for Treatment (BAND vs. STAND). Subsequent analysis via paired-samples t-test revealed the BAND condition was significantly better (p = 0.05) at producing raw gains in 1RM strength. (BAND 9.95 ± 3.7 kg vs. STAND 7.56 ± 2.8 kg). These results suggest that the addition of elastic tension to the bench press may be an effective method of increasing strength.

  17. A Computational Study of Richtmyer-Meshkov Instability with Surface Tension

    Science.gov (United States)

    Francois, Marianne; Velechovsky, Jan; Jibben, Zach; Masser, Thomas; LANL Collaboration

    2017-11-01

    We have added the capability to model surface tension in our adaptive mesh refinement compressible flow solver, xRage. Our surface tension capability employs the continuum surface force to model surface tension and the height function method to compute curvatures. We have verified our model implementation for the static and oscillating droplets test cases and the linear regime of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability. With this newly added capability, we have performed a numerical study of the effects of surface tension on single-mode and multi-mode Richtmyer-Meshkov instability. This work was performed under the auspices of the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52 - 06NA25396.

  18. Proceedings of the colloquium: The response of liquids to dynamic tension

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Jones, A.V.

    1978-01-01

    The contributed papers are: - Tension pulses in a liquid column; - A generalized cavitationn model for liquids; - Transmission of a tension pulse through water; - Current status of the equation of state in Lagrangian codes; - The effects of the reflection of an underwater shock at a free surface; - The calculation of the propagation of tension and recompaction waves

  19. Spreading of oil films on water in the surface tension regime

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Camp, D.W.

    1985-01-01

    Surface tension forces will cause an oil to spread over water if the tension of the oil film (the summed surface and interfacial tensions for bulk oil films, or the equilibrium spreading tension for monomolecular films) is less than the surface tension of water. For oil films spreading in a 40 cm long channel, measurements are made of leading edge position and lateral profiles of film thickness, velocity, and tension as a function of time. Measurements of the tension profiles, important for evaluating proposed theories, is made possible by the development of a new technique based on the Wilhelmy method. The oils studied were silicones, fatty acids and alcohols, and mixtures of surfactants in otherwise nonspreading oils. The single-component oils show an acceleration zone connecting a slow-moving inner region with a fast-moving leading monolayer. The dependence of film tension on film thickness for spreading single-component oils often differs from that at equilibrium. The mixtures show a bulk oil film configuration which extends to the leading edge and have velocity profiles which increase smoothly. The theoretical framework, similarity transformation, and asymptotic solutions of Foda and Cox for single-component oils were shown to be valid. An analysis of spreading surfactant-oil mixtures is developed which allows them to be treated under this framework. An easily-used semi-empirical model is proposed which allows them to be treated under this framework. An easily-used semi-empirical model is proposed which allows accurate prediction of detailed spreading behavior for any spreading oil.

  20. Fatigue in tension perpendicular to the grain

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Clorius, Christian Odin; Pedersen, Martin Bo Uhre; Hoffmeyer, Preben

    1999-01-01

    Traditinally fatigue resistance is quantified as number of cycles to failure at a given stress level. A previous study by the authors showed that fatigue in compression parallel to the grain is governed partly by duration of load and partly by an effect of loading, i.e. a combination of a creep...... mechanism and a mechanism connected to damage introduce in the loading sequences. The purpose of the present study is to disentangle the effect of duration of load from the effect of load oscillation in fatigue in tension perpendicular to the grain. Fatigue experiments are made on small specimens...... and on dowel type joints with slotted in steel plates. In series of ten, the small specimens are taken to fatigue failure in uniform tension at square wave shaped load cycles at 0.01 Hz and 0.1 Hz. In order to test the predictive validity of the result from the small tension specimens, fatigue experiments...

  1. Fatigue In Tension Perpendicular to the Grain

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Clorius, Christian Odin; Pedersen, Martin Uhre; Hoffmeyer, Preben

    2004-01-01

    Traditionally fatigue resistance is quantified as number of cycles to failure at a given stress level. A previous study by the authors showed that fatigue in compression parallel to the grain is governed partly by duration of load and partly by an effect of loading, i.e. a combination of a creep...... mechanism and a mechanism connected to damage introduced in the loading sequences. The purpose of the present study is to disentangle the effect of duration of load from the effect of load oscillation in fatigue in tension perpendicular to the grain. Fatigue experiments are made on small specimens...... and on dowel type joints with slotted in steel plates. In series of ten, the small specimens are taken to fatigue failure in uniform tension at square wave shaped load cycles at 0.01 Hz and 0.1 Hz. In arder to test the predictive validity of the result from the small tension specimens, fatigue experiments...

  2. Surface tension of normal and heavy water

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Straub, J.; Rosner, N.; Grigull, V.

    1980-01-01

    A Skeleton Table and simple interpolation equation for the surface tension of light water was developed by the Working Group III of the International Association for the Properties of Steam and is recommended as an International Standard. The Skeleton Table is based on all known measurements of the surface tension and individual data were weighted corresponding to the accuracy of the measurements. The form of the interpolation equation is based on a physical concept. It represents an extension of van der Waals-equation, where the exponent conforms to the 'Scaling Laws'. In addition for application purposes simple relations for the Laplace-coefficient and for the density difference between the liquid and gaseous phases of light water are given. The same form of interpolation equation for the surface tension can be used for heavy water, for which the coefficients are given. However, this equation is based only on a single set of data. (orig.) [de

  3. Modeling combined tension-shear failure of ductile materials

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Partom, Y

    2014-01-01

    Failure of ductile materials is usually expressed in terms of effective plastic strain. Ductile materials can fail by two different failure modes, shear failure and tensile failure. Under dynamic loading shear failure has to do with shear localization and formation of adiabatic shear bands. In these bands plastic strain rate is very high, dissipative heating is extensive, and shear strength is lost. Shear localization starts at a certain value of effective plastic strain, when thermal softening overcomes strain hardening. Shear failure is therefore represented in terms of effective plastic strain. On the other hand, tensile failure comes about by void growth under tension. For voids in a tension field there is a threshold state of the remote field for which voids grow spontaneously (cavitation), and the material there fails. Cavitation depends on the remote field stress components and on the flow stress. In this way failure in tension is related to shear strength and to failure in shear. Here we first evaluate the cavitation threshold for different remote field situations, using 2D numerical simulations with a hydro code. We then use the results to compute examples of rate dependent tension-shear failure of a ductile material.

  4. Curvature dependence of the electrolytic liquid-liquid interfacial tension

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Bier, Markus; de Graaf, J.; Zwanikken, J.W.; van Roij, R.H.H.G.

    2009-01-01

    The interfacial tension of a liquid droplet surrounded by another liquid in the presence of microscopic ions is studied as a function of the droplet radius. An analytical expression for the interfacial tension is obtained within a linear Poisson–Boltzmann theory and compared with numerical results

  5. Indirect coupling of phosphate release to de novo tension generation during muscle contraction.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Davis, J S; Rodgers, M E

    1995-01-01

    A key question in muscle contraction is how tension generation is coupled to the chemistry of the actomyosin ATPase. Biochemical and mechanochemical experiments link tension generation to a change in structure associated with phosphate release. Length-jump and temperature-jump experiments, on the other hand, implicate phase 2slow, a significantly faster, markedly strain-sensitive kinetic process in tension generation. We use a laser temperature jump to probe the kinetics and mechanism of tension generation in skinned rabbit psoas fibers--an appropriate method since both phosphate release and phase 2slow are readily perturbed by temperature. Kinetics characteristic of the structural change associated with phosphate release are observed only when phosphate is added to fibers. When present, it causes a reduction in fiber tension; otherwise, no force is generated when it is perturbed. We therefore exclude this step from tension generation. The kinetics of de novo tension generation by the temperature-jump equivalent of phase 2slow appear unaffected by phosphate binding. We therefore propose that phosphate release is indirectly coupled to de novo tension generation via a steady-state flux through an irreversible step. We conclude that tension generation occurs in the absence of chemical change as the result of an entropy-driven transition between strongly bound crossbridges in the actomyosin-ADP state. The mechanism resembles the operation of a clock, with phosphate release providing the energy to tension the spring, and the irreversible step functions as the escapement mechanism, which is followed in turn by tension generation as the movement of the hands. Images Fig. 6 PMID:7479824

  6. Methodology for the analysis of self-tensioned wooden structural floors

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    F. Suárez-Riestra

    2017-09-01

    Full Text Available It is described a self-tensioning system constituted by a force multiplying device which, attached to the supports of the ends of the structural element, is able to convert the vertical resultant from the gravitatonial actions into an effective tensioning action, through the movement that was induced by a set of rods. The self-tensioning system is able to offer a high performance, thanks to the beneficial effect of the opposite deflection generated by the tensioning, in proportion to the increasing of the gravitational action. This allows to design long-span timber ribbed floors using reduced depths. The complexity of calculation due to the non-linearity of the system can be obviated with the methodology of analysis developed in the article. In order to illustrate the advantages of the self-tensioning system and the methodology of analysis which were developed, six cases of ribbed floors have been analysed, with spans of 9, 12 and 15 m and variable using loads of 3,00 kN/m2 and 5,00 kN/m2.

  7. Constraining brane tension using rotation curves of galaxies

    Science.gov (United States)

    García-Aspeitia, Miguel A.; Rodríguez-Meza, Mario A.

    2018-04-01

    We present in this work a study of brane theory phenomenology focusing on the brane tension parameter, which is the main observable of the theory. We show the modifications steaming from the presence of branes in the rotation curves of spiral galaxies for three well known dark matter density profiles: Pseudo isothermal, Navarro-Frenk-White and Burkert dark matter density profiles. We estimate the brane tension parameter using a sample of high resolution observed rotation curves of low surface brightness spiral galaxies and a synthetic rotation curve for the three density profiles. Also, the fittings using the brane theory model of the rotation curves are compared with standard Newtonian models. We found that Navarro-Frenk-White model prefers lower values of the brane tension parameter, on the average λ ∼ 0.73 × 10‑3eV4, therefore showing clear brane effects. Burkert case does prefer higher values of the tension parameter, on the average λ ∼ 0.93 eV4 ‑ 46 eV4, i.e., negligible brane effects. Whereas pseudo isothermal is an intermediate case. Due to the low densities found in the galactic medium it is almost impossible to find evidence of the presence of extra dimensions. In this context, we found that our results show weaker bounds to the brane tension values in comparison with other bounds found previously, as the lower value found for dwarf stars composed of a polytropic equation of state, λ ≈ 104 MeV4.

  8. Managing Tensions Between New and Existing Business Models

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Sund, Kristian J.; Bogers, Marcel; Villarroel Fernandez, Juan Andrei

    2016-01-01

    Exploring new business models may be a good way to stay competitive, but doing so can create tensions internally, in areas such as organizational structure and competition for resources. Companies exploring business model innovation may not recognize the inevitability of these tensions and thus b...... be poorly prepared to manage them. But understanding these issues may lessen some of the organizational challenges associated with business model innovation....

  9. Contact angle control of sessile drops on a tensioned web

    Science.gov (United States)

    Park, Janghoon; Kim, Dongguk; Lee, Changwoo

    2018-04-01

    In this study, the influence of the change of tension applied to flexible and thin web substrate on the contact angle of sessile drop in roll-to-roll system was investigated. Graphene oxide and deionized water solutions were used in the experiments. Tension was changed to 29, 49, and 69 N, and the casting distance of the micropipette and the material was set to 10, 20, and 40 mm, and the droplet volume was set to 10, 20, and 30 μL, respectively. Statistical analysis of three variables and analysis of the variance methodology showed that the casting distance was most significant for the contact angle change, and the most interesting tension variable was also affected. The change in tension caused the maximum contact angle to change by 5.5°. The tension was not uniform in the width direction. When the droplet was applied in the same direction in the width direction, it was confirmed that the tension unevenness had great influence on the contact angle up to 11°. Finally, the casting distance, which has a large effect on the contact angle, was calibrated in the width direction to reduce the width direction contact angle deviation to 1%. This study can be applied to fine patterning research using continuous inkjet printing and aerosol jet printing, which are roll-to-roll processes based on droplet handling.

  10. Tratamiento con láser puntura: alternativa para el tratamiento de la migraña en los adolescentes Treatment with laserpuncture: an alternative for treating migraine in adolescents

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Aida Gabina Cárdenas Giraudy

    2008-09-01

    Full Text Available INTRODUCCIÓN. Además de tener costos sociales y económicos muy elevados, la migraña afecta la calidad de vida de quien la padece. Se estima que más del 30 % de los pacientes con cefalea no responden al tratamiento farmacológico. El objetivo de este trabajo fue valorar las crisis de migraña refractarias en los adolescentes y evaluar el tratamiento medicamentoso indicado, para lograr una mejor calidad de vida. MÉTODOS. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal con acciones prospectivas, con 17 pacientes atendidos en el Hospital Pediátrico Docente «William Soler» (2004 a 2006 a causa de crisis frecuentes de migraña. El diagnóstico y tratamiento se realizó sobre la base de los principios de la medicina bioenergética. RESULTADOS. El grupo de edad que más crisis de migraña presentó fue el de 12 a 15 años (41,17 %, principalmente las adolescentes féminas (58,82 %. La localizacion del dolor frontal y hemicranea constituyeron las localizaciones más frecuentes y 14 pacientes (82,35 % mostraron respuesta favorable al método de laserterapia. CONCLUSIONES. El tratamiento con láser constituyó otra alternativa para el control de las crisis frecuentes de migraña en los adolescentes.INTRODUCTION. In addition to the very high social and economic costs, migraine affects the quality of life of those suffering from it. It is estimated that more than 30 % of patients with headache do not respond to drug treatment. The aim of this paper was to assess the crisis of refractory migraine in adolescents and to evaluate also the drug treatment indicated to achieve a better quality of life. METHODS. A longitudinal and descriptive prospective study was undertaken in 17 patients seen in "William Soler" Teaching and Children Hospital (2004-2006 due to frequent crises of migraine. The diagnosis and treatment were based on the principles of bioenergetic medicine. RESULTS. Migraine was more common in the group aged 12-15 (41.17 %, mainly among the

  11. Corrosion characteristics of post-tensioning strands in ungrouted ducts : summary.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2011-01-01

    To prevent corrosion of post-tensioning strands, FDOT construction specifications currently require post-tensioning ducts to be grouted within seven calendar days of strand installation. This period challenges construction schedules on large projects...

  12. Measurement of calcium influx in tethered rings of rabbit aorta under tension

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gleason, M.M.; Ratz, P.H.; Flaim, S.F.

    1985-01-01

    Calcium (Ca) influx in vascular smooth muscle is routinely measured in untethered preparations not under passive stretch, and Ca influx data are correlated with data for steady-state isometric tension obtained under parallel conditions from tethered preparations under passive stretch. The validity of this method was tested by simultaneous measurement of Ca influx and tension in tethered rings of rabbit thoracic aorta. Ca influx ( 45 Ca 3-min pulse) and tension were measured at 3 and 30 min after norepinephrine (NE) or KCl and under control (no agonist) conditions. Active tension was significantly altered by variations in passive tension. Ca influx was unaffected by passive tension under control, NE, or KCl conditions, and results were similar at 3 and 30 min. The results confirm the validity of correlating Ca influx data from untethered rings with steady-state contractile response data obtained from tethered rings under similar experimental conditions

  13. Phenylephrine Decreases Vascular Tension in Goat Arteries in Specific Circumstances.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Renu R Raj

    Full Text Available Phenylephrine (PE causes vasoconstriction through alpha adrenergic receptors. PE-induced vasodilatation has also been reported earlier in pre-constricted vessels. Here we demonstrate in spiral strips of goat arteries that addition of PE can decrease tone even from base-line levels (i.e. not pre-constricted and show that this process requires nitric oxide (NO and alpha adrenergic stimulation, but is cGMP-independent. Under control conditions, PE caused vasoconstriction, but under conditions where NO levels are higher, as with L-Arginine or sodium nitroprusside, PE decreased vessel tension. L-Arginine/PE combination was not able to decrease tension when alpha adrenoceptors were blocked with Phentolamine or endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS was blocked with Nω-Nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA. Propranolol, a beta blocker, was unable to prevent the reduction in tension by the L-Arginine/PE combination. Adrenaline and noradrenaline (and not isoproterenol also reduced vessel tension in the presence of L-Arginine. Even when NO levels were not enhanced, relieving NO from having to stimulate the enzyme soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC (either by using sGC blockers, namely ODQ or methylene blue, or by enhancing cGMP levels (with sildenafil which by negative feedback probably inhibits sGC led to PE-induced reduction of vascular tension. PMA-phorbol myristate acetate-an agonist which stimulates Protein Kinase C was able to prevent the ability of PE to reduce vascular tension in a high NO environment. Our conclusion is that PE reduces vascular tension through alpha adrenoceptors if there is excess NO availability to activate a putative pathway. Though the reduction of vessel tone by PE is dependent on NO, it is independent of cGMP. Prior treatment with PMA or PE itself can prevent further PE-induced reduction of tension in a high NO environment. The results here suggest, counter-intuitively, that alpha blockers may be of help in the treatment of septic shock

  14. A microfluidic cell culture array with various oxygen tensions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Peng, Chien-Chung; Liao, Wei-Hao; Chen, Ying-Hua; Wu, Chueh-Yu; Tung, Yi-Chung

    2013-08-21

    Oxygen tension plays an important role in regulating various cellular functions in both normal physiology and disease states. Therefore, drug testing using conventional in vitro cell models under normoxia often possesses limited prediction capability. A traditional method of setting an oxygen tension in a liquid medium is by saturating it with a gas mixture at the desired level of oxygen, which requires bulky gas cylinders, sophisticated control, and tedious interconnections. Moreover, only a single oxygen tension can be tested at the same time. In this paper, we develop a microfluidic cell culture array platform capable of performing cell culture and drug testing under various oxygen tensions simultaneously. The device is fabricated using an elastomeric material, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and the well-developed multi-layer soft lithography (MSL) technique. The prototype device has 4 × 4 wells, arranged in the same dimensions as a conventional 96-well plate, for cell culture. The oxygen tensions are controlled by spatially confined oxygen scavenging chemical reactions underneath the wells using microfluidics. The platform takes advantage of microfluidic phenomena while exhibiting the combinatorial diversities achieved by microarrays. Importantly, the platform is compatible with existing cell incubators and high-throughput instruments (liquid handling systems and plate readers) for cost-effective setup and straightforward operation. Utilizing the developed platform, we successfully perform drug testing using an anti-cancer drug, triapazamine (TPZ), on adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cell line (A549) under three oxygen tensions ranging from 1.4% to normoxia. The developed platform is promising to provide a more meaningful in vitro cell model for various biomedical applications while maintaining desired high throughput capabilities.

  15. String tensions for lattice gauge theories in 2+1 dimensions

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ambjoern, J.; Hey, A.J.G.; Otto, S.

    1982-01-01

    Compact U(1) and SU(2) lattice gauge theories in 3 euclidean dimensions are studied by standard Monte Carlo techniques. The question of extracting reliable string tensions from these theories is examined in detail, including a comparison of the Monte Carlo Wilson loop data with weak coupling predictions and a careful error analysis: our conclusions are rather different from those of previous investigations of these theories. In the case of U(1) theory, we find that only a tiny range of β values can possibly be relevant for extracting a string tension and we are unable to convincingly demonstrate the expected exponential dependence of the string tension on β. For the SU(2) theory we are able to determine, albeit with rather large errors, a string tension from a study of Wilson loops. (orig.)

  16. Creating Tension in Writing.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Folta, Bernarr

    This paper discusses the rationale and teaching methods for a six-week unit, for a high school freshman English Class, on perception, semantics, and writing, which places special focus on developing tension in student writing. The first four objectives of the course focus on perception and the next two focus on semantics. The seventh…

  17. Surface tension modelling of liquid Cd-Sn-Zn alloys

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fima, Przemyslaw; Novakovic, Rada

    2018-06-01

    The thermodynamic model in conjunction with Butler equation and the geometric models were used for the surface tension calculation of Cd-Sn-Zn liquid alloys. Good agreement was found between the experimental data for limiting binaries and model calculations performed with Butler model. In the case of ternary alloys, the surface tension variation with Cd content is better reproduced in the case of alloys lying on vertical sections defined by high Sn to Zn molar fraction ratio. The calculated surface tension is in relatively good agreement with the available experimental data. In addition, the surface segregation of liquid ternary Cd-Sn-Zn and constituent binaries has also been calculated.

  18. On the Minimum Cable Tensions for the Cable-Based Parallel Robots

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Peng Liu

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available This paper investigates the minimum cable tension distributions in the workspace for cable-based parallel robots to find out more information on the stability. First, the kinematic model of a cable-based parallel robot is derived based on the wrench matrix. Then, a noniterative polynomial-based optimization algorithm with the proper optimal objective function is presented based on the convex optimization theory, in which the minimum cable tension at any pose is determined. Additionally, three performance indices are proposed to show the distributions of the minimum cable tensions in a specified region of the workspace. An important thing is that the three performance indices can be used to evaluate the stability of the cable-based parallel robots. Furthermore, a new workspace, the Specified Minimum Cable Tension Workspace (SMCTW, is introduced, within which all the minimum tensions exceed a specified value, therefore meeting the specified stability requirement. Finally, a camera robot parallel driven by four cables for aerial panoramic photographing is selected to illustrate the distributions of the minimum cable tensions in the workspace and the relationship between the three performance indices and the stability.

  19. Local deformation method for measuring element tension in space deployable structures

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Belov Sergey

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available The article describes the local deformation method to determine the tension of cord and thin membrane elements in space deployable structure as antenna reflector. Possible measuring instrument model, analytical and numerical solutions and experimental results are presented. The boundary effects on measurement results of metallic mesh reflector surface tension are estimated. The study case depicting non-uniform reflector surface tension is considered.

  20. 33 CFR 147.817 - Sir Douglas Morpeth Tension Leg Platform safety zone.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Sir Douglas Morpeth Tension Leg... HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF ACTIVITIES SAFETY ZONES § 147.817 Sir Douglas Morpeth Tension Leg Platform safety zone. (a) Description. The Sir Douglas Morpeth Tension Leg Platform (Morpeth...

  1. Ethical tensions: A qualitative systematic review of new graduate perceptions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hazelwood, Tori; Murray, Carolyn M; Baker, Amy; Stanley, Mandy

    2017-01-01

    New graduate transition into the workforce is challenging and can involve managing ethical tensions. Ethical tensions cause new graduates to doubt their capabilities due to their lack of experience. To support new graduates, we need to know what these ethical tensions are. To explore the ethical tensions perceived to occur in practice for new graduate health professionals. This qualitative systematic review involved a search of five databases (Medline, EMBASE, AMED, CINAHL and Scopus) which resulted in the retrieval of 3554 papers. After the two-phased screening process, eight studies were identified that met the inclusion criteria and had rich data on the review question. Articles were read several times, critically appraised and analysed through thematic analysis. Ethical considerations: No ethical approval was required for the systematic review. The review was conducted following well-established reporting guidelines enabling transparency and rigour. Studies originated from Australia, United States, Iran and China. One study included speech pathologists and seven were with nurses. Four themes included the following: (1) enduring an unknown workplace culture that generates uncertainty without support for new graduates; (2) being vulnerable because of distress from bullying, exclusion and being a scapegoat; (3) constraining systems and institutional restrictions that cause dilemmas; and (4) experiencing disillusionment from lost ideals about ethical practice. This review has brought to light the vulnerability of new graduates to negative workplace culture and collegial incivility. In addition, new graduates are subjected to ethical tensions created by institutional constraints which can create dilemmas and uncertainties through practice that does not align with what they anticipated. Understanding ethical tensions experienced by new graduates enables provision of informed support. There needs to be considerable cultural change for orientation and socialisation of

  2. The Seven Deadly Tensions of Health-Related Human Information Behavior

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    J. David Johnson

    2015-08-01

    Full Text Available Tensions are a ubiquitous feature of social life and are manifested in a number of particular forms: contradictory logics, competing demands, clashes of ideas, contradictions, dialectics, irony, paradoxes, and/or dilemmas. This essay aims to explore in detail tensions surrounding seven common findings of the information seeking literature relating to: interpersonal communication, accessibility, level of skill, individual preferences, psychological limits, inertia, and costs. Our incomplete understanding of these tensions can lead us to suggest resolutions that do not recognize their underlying dualities. Human information behavior stands at the intersection of many important theoretical and policy issues (e.g., personalized medicine. Policy makers need to be more attuned to these basic tensions of information seeking recognizing the real human limits they represent to informing the public. So, even if you build a great information system, people will not necessarily use it because of the force of these underlying tensions. While rationality rules systems, irrationality rules people. The proliferation of navigator roles over the last several years is actually a hopeful sign: recognition that people need a human interface to inform them about our ever more complex health care systems.

  3. Evaluation of tension stiffening effect on the crack width calculation of flexural RC members

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Said M. Allam

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available Building codes consider the tension stiffening when calculating the crack width of the flexural members. A simple analytical procedure is proposed for the determination of forces, stresses and strains acting on a reinforced concrete section subjected to flexure considering the concrete contribution in tension up to tensile concrete strain corresponding to the cracking strength of concrete. This analytical method gives the minimum value (lower bound of tension stiffening. Also, a commercial Finite Element Program (ABAQUS 2007 was used to perform non-linear analysis in order to evaluate the total contribution of the tensioned concrete in carrying loads which may be considered as the upper bound of tension stiffening. In addition, a comparison is carried out among the different codes using four reinforced concrete rectangular models to compare and evaluate the tension stiffening with proposed analytical lower bound tension stiffening and upper bound as obtained by ABAQUS. The models include different percentages of flexural steel ratio. The comparison revealed that the codes’ equations always consider tension stiffening lying between lower and upper bound of tension stiffening proposed in this study. Also, the study showed that the tension stiffening decreases with the increase of the percentage of the flexural reinforcement ratio.

  4. Contact Angles and Surface Tension of Germanium-Silicon Melts

    Science.gov (United States)

    Croell, A.; Kaiser, N.; Cobb, S.; Szofran, F. R.; Volz, M.; Rose, M. Franklin (Technical Monitor)

    2001-01-01

    Precise knowledge of material parameters is more and more important for improving crystal growth processes. Two important parameters are the contact (wetting) angle and the surface tension, determining meniscus shapes and surface-tension driven flows in a variety of methods (Czochralski, EFG, floating-zone, detached Bridgman growth). The sessile drop technique allows the measurement of both parameters simultaneously and has been used to measure the contact angles and the surface tension of Ge(1-x)Si(x) (0 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 1.3) alloys on various substrate materials. Fused quartz, Sapphire, glassy carbon, graphite, SiC, carbon-based aerogel, pyrolytic boron nitride (pBN), AIN, Si3N4, and polycrystalline CVD diamond were used as substrate materials. In addition, the effect of different cleaning procedures and surface treatments on the wetting behavior were investigated. Measurements were performed both under dynamic vacuum and gas atmospheres (argon or forming gas), with temperatures up to 1100 C. In some experiments, the sample was processed for longer times, up to a week, to investigate any changes of the contact angle and/or surface tension due to slow reactions with the substrate. For pure Ge, stable contact angles were found for carbon-based substrates and for pBN, for Ge(1-x)Si(x) only for pBN. The highest wetting angles were found for pBN substrates with angles around 170deg. For the surface tension of Ge, the most reliable values resulted in gamma(T) = (591- 0.077 (T-T(sub m)) 10(exp -3)N/m. The temperature dependence of the surface tension showed similar values for Ge(1-x)Si(x), around -0.08 x 10(exp -3)N/m K, and a compositional dependence of 2.2 x 10(exp -3)N/m at%Si.

  5. Tensions within Teaching: An Autoethnography of an American Teacher

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tuura, Brianne Marie

    2012-01-01

    This dissertation examines the personal transformation of an American teacher as she becomes aware of the social, political, and economic tensions that exist within the American school system and the affects these tensions have on her ability to teach. As the researcher becomes more aware of power structures surrounding her, the reader is enabled…

  6. An Investigation of Corrosion Mitigation Strategies for Aging Post-Tensioned Cables

    Science.gov (United States)

    2017-01-01

    for Aging Post- Tensioned Cables Ernest L. Miller, Barry C. White, Richard W. Haskins, Robert M. Ebeling, and James A. Evans Information Technology...approach walls) using post- tensioning (PT) seven-wire strand cables is a common approach. In the Portland District, for example, 10% of the projects...hydraulic structures by post- tensioned ground anchorage, appreciable loss of capacity in seven-wire strand cables due to corrosion is a reason for concern

  7. An Investigation of Corrosion Mitigation Strategies for Aging Post Tensioned Cables

    Science.gov (United States)

    2017-01-01

    for Aging Post- Tensioned Cables Ernest L. Miller, Barry C. White, Richard W. Haskins, Robert M. Ebeling, and James A. Evans Information Technology...approach walls) using post- tensioning (PT) seven-wire strand cables is a common approach. In the Portland District, for example, 10% of the projects...hydraulic structures by post- tensioned ground anchorage, appreciable loss of capacity in seven-wire strand cables due to corrosion is a reason for concern

  8. Anterior cruciate ligament graft tensioning. Is the maximal sustained one-handed pull technique reproducible?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hirpara Kieran M

    2011-07-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Tensioning of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL reconstruction grafts affects the clinical outcome of the procedure. As yet, no consensus has been reached regarding the optimum initial tension in an ACL graft. Most surgeons rely on the maximal sustained one-handed pull technique for graft tension. We aim to determine if this technique is reproducible from patient to patient. Findings We created a device to simulate ACL reconstruction surgery using Ilizarov components and porcine flexor tendons. Six experienced ACL reconstruction surgeons volunteered to tension porcine grafts using the device to see if they could produce a consistent tension. None of the surgeons involved were able to accurately reproduce graft tension over a series of repeat trials. Conclusions We conclude that the maximal sustained one-handed pull technique of ACL graft tensioning is not reproducible from trial to trial. We also conclude that the initial tension placed on an ACL graft varies from surgeon to surgeon.

  9. Anterior cruciate ligament graft tensioning. Is the maximal sustained one-handed pull technique reproducible?

    LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

    O'Neill, Barry J

    2011-07-20

    Abstract Background Tensioning of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction grafts affects the clinical outcome of the procedure. As yet, no consensus has been reached regarding the optimum initial tension in an ACL graft. Most surgeons rely on the maximal sustained one-handed pull technique for graft tension. We aim to determine if this technique is reproducible from patient to patient. Findings We created a device to simulate ACL reconstruction surgery using Ilizarov components and porcine flexor tendons. Six experienced ACL reconstruction surgeons volunteered to tension porcine grafts using the device to see if they could produce a consistent tension. None of the surgeons involved were able to accurately reproduce graft tension over a series of repeat trials. Conclusions We conclude that the maximal sustained one-handed pull technique of ACL graft tensioning is not reproducible from trial to trial. We also conclude that the initial tension placed on an ACL graft varies from surgeon to surgeon.

  10. Stress measurement and bolt tensioning by ultrasonic methods

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Smith, J.F.; Greiner, J.D.

    1980-01-01

    In the past decade, a new technique has been developed for measuring tensile stresses in solids. This ultrasonic technique has been used thus far primarily for measuring fastener tension. The precision of measurement is routinely to 2-3% and, with special care, to approx. 1%. The method is insensitive to the frictional losses which plague tensioning by torque wrench. Though the approach is relatively new, it promises a wide range of applicability

  11. Stress Measurement and Bolt Tensioning by Ultrasonic Methods

    Science.gov (United States)

    Smith, J. F.; Greiner, John D.

    1980-07-01

    In the past decade, a new technique has been developed for measuring tensile stresses in solids. This ultrasonic technique has been used thus far primarily for measuring fastener tension. The precision of measurement is routinely to 2-3% and, with special care, to ˜1%. The method is insensitive to the frictional losses which plague tensioning by torque wrench. Though the approach is relatively new, it promises a wide range of applicability.

  12. Prediction of surface tension of binary mixtures with the parachor method

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Němec Tomáš

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available The parachor method for the estimation of the surface tension of binary mixtures is modified by considering temperature-dependent values of the parachor parameters. The temperature dependence is calculated by a least-squares fit of pure-solvent surface tension data to the binary parachor equation utilizing the Peng-Robinson equation of state for the calculation of equilibrium densities. A very good agreement between experimental binary surface tension data and the predictions of the modified parachor method are found for the case of the mixtures of carbon dioxide and butane, benzene, and cyclohexane, respectively. The surface tension is also predicted for three refrigerant mixtures, i.e. propane, isobutane, and chlorodifluoromethane, with carbon dioxide.

  13. Transitional Failure of Carbon Nanotube Systems under a Combination of Tension and Torsion

    OpenAIRE

    Jeong, Byeong-Woo

    2012-01-01

    Transitional failure envelopes of single- and double-walled carbon nanotubes under combined tension-torsion are predicted using classical molecular dynamics simulations. The observations reveal that while the tensile failure load decreases with combined torsion, the torsional buckling moment increases with combined tension. As a result, the failure envelopes under combined tension-torsion are definitely different from those under pure tension or torsion. In such combined loading, there is a m...

  14. Carbonic anhydrase inhibition increases retinal oxygen tension and dilates retinal vessels

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Pedersen, Daniella Bach; Koch Jensen, Peter; la Cour, Morten

    2005-01-01

    Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) increase blood flow in the brain and probably also in the optic nerve and retina. Additionally they elevate the oxygen tension in the optic nerve in the pig. We propose that they also raise the oxygen tension in the retina. We studied the oxygen tension in the...... in the pig retina and optic nerve before and after dorzolamide injection. Also the retinal vessel diameters during carbonic anhydrase inhibition were studied....

  15. Caregiving, perceptions of maternal favoritism, and tension among siblings.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Suitor, J Jill; Gilligan, Megan; Johnson, Kaitlin; Pillemer, Karl

    2014-08-01

    Studies of later-life families have revealed that sibling tension often increases in response to parents' need for care. Both theory and research on within-family differences suggest that when parents' health declines, sibling relations may be affected by which children assume care and whether siblings perceive that the parent favors some offspring over others. In the present study, we explore the ways in which these factors shape sibling tension both independently and in combination during caregiving. In this article, we use data collected from 450 adult children nested within 214 later-life families in which the offspring reported that their mothers needed care within 2 years prior to the interview. Multilevel analyses demonstrated that providing care and perceiving favoritism regarding future caregiving were associated with sibling tension following mothers' major health events. Further, the effects of caregiving on sibling tension were greater when perceptions of favoritism were also present. These findings shed new light on the conditions under which adult children are likely to experience high levels of sibling tension during caregiving. Understanding these processes is important because siblings are typically the individuals to whom caregivers are most likely to turn for support when assuming care of older parents, yet these relationships are often a major source of interpersonal stress. © The Author 2013. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

  16. Corrosion characteristics of unprotected post-tensioning strands under stress : [summary].

    Science.gov (United States)

    2014-05-01

    Post tensioned concrete is used in many Florida : transportation structures, many of which are : exposed to fresh or salt water. The steel strands : that supply the tension are encased in a plastic : duct which is later filled with grout, so the stra...

  17. Efficient synthesis of tension modulation in strings and membranes based on energy estimation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Avanzini, Federico; Marogna, Riccardo; Bank, Balázs

    2012-01-01

    String and membrane vibrations cannot be considered as linear above a certain amplitude due to the variation in string or membrane tension. A relevant special case is when the tension is spatially constant and varies in time only in dependence of the overall string length or membrane surface. The most apparent perceptual effect of this tension modulation phenomenon is the exponential decay of pitch in time. Pitch glides due to tension modulation are an important timbral characteristic of several musical instruments, including the electric guitar and tom-tom drum, and many ethnic instruments. This paper presents a unified formulation to the tension modulation problem for one-dimensional (1-D) (string) and two-dimensional (2-D) (membrane) cases. In addition, it shows that the short-time average of the tension variation, which is responsible for pitch glides, is approximately proportional to the system energy. This proportionality allows the efficient physics-based sound synthesis of pitch glides. The proposed models require only slightly more computational resources than linear models as opposed to earlier tension-modulated models of higher complexity. © 2012 Acoustical Society of America.

  18. Intoxicación aguda por inhalación de Acrilato de Etilo, Lima 2002

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jeannette Ávila VM

    2005-10-01

    Full Text Available Objetivos: Describir las características clínico-epidemiológicas de los casos de intoxicación aguda por inhalación de acrilato de etilo, ocasionado por el manejo clandestino de un envase con restos de ésta sustancia, en una urbanización del distrito Comas, en Lima, Perú en noviembre del año 2002. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal analítico realizado en residentes y población del centro educativo aledaño a la zona del accidente. Se realizó una encuesta a todas las personas expuestas, se consideró como caso la presencia de cefalea, irritación ocular, nauseas, dolor abdominal y prurito intenso en el cuerpo. Se caracterizó el accidente en tiempo, espacio y persona. En el centro educativo se exploraron factores de exposición que favorecieron la presencia de intoxicados. Los datos fueron ingresados en Epi Info v 6.0 y analizados en STATA v.8.0 Resultados: Se encuestó 456 residentes y 326 personas en la escuela. La tasa de ataque general fue 21,9%, 46,9% en la escuela y 4,2% en viviendas. Los síntomas predominantes fueron cefalea 56%, irritación ocular 47%, dolor abdominal 42%. El 23% requirió hospitalización. El permanecer en pisos superiores de la escuela fue un factor de riesgo OR 4,54 (IC95% 2,66-7,84 y en el pabellón A OR 3,82 (IC95% 2,33-6,25. Conclusiones: Los síntomas predominantes fueron cefalea, irritación ocular y dolor abdominal. La cercanía a la zona de exposición del cilindro y la dispersión de los vapores tóxicos influyeron para afectar mayormente a la escuela y a aquellos que ocupaban aulas en pisos superiores y el pabellón A. La legislación peruana debe contemplar el problema del manejo clandestino de residuos peligrosos.

  19. Separation anxiety: Stress, tension and cytokinesis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mohan, Krithika; Iglesias, Pablo A.; Robinson, Douglas N.

    2012-01-01

    Cytokinesis, the physical separation of a mother cell into two daughter cells, progresses through a series of well-defined changes in morphology. These changes involve distinct biochemical and mechanical processes. Here, we review the mechanical features of cells during cytokinesis, discussing both the material properties as well as sources of stresses, both active and passive, which lead to the observed changes in morphology. We also describe a mechanosensory feedback control system that regulates protein localization and shape progression during cytokinesis. -- Highlights: ► Cytokinesis progresses through three distinct mechanical phases. ► Cortical tension initially resists deformation of mother cell. ► Late in cytokinesis, cortical tension provides stress, enabling furrow ingression. ► A mechanosensory feedback control system regulates cytokinesis.

  20. Some remarks on the solid surface tension determination from contact angle measurements

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Zdziennicka, Anna; Szymczyk, Katarzyna; Krawczyk, Joanna; Jańczuk, Bronisław, E-mail: bronislaw.janczuk@poczta.umcs.lublin.pl

    2017-05-31

    Graphical abstract: Surface tension of PE, nylon 6 and quartz from different approaches to the interface tension. - Highlights: • New values of water and formamide surface tension components were established. • Quartz surface tension depends on its crystal face. • Usefulness of different approaches for solid surface tension determination was tested. - Abstract: The measurements of water, formamide and diiodomethane contact angle (θ) on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyethylene (PE), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), nylon 6, quartz and silica were performed. Based on the θ values of these liquids obtained on PTFE, the Lifshitz-van der Waals and acid-base and/or dispersion and polar components of their surface tension (ST) were determined. In turn, the θ values for water, formamide and diiodomethane on PMMA were applied to calculate the electron-acceptor and electron-donor parameters of the Lewis acid-base component of the formamide ST. For this calculation the same values of the electron-acceptor and electron-donor parameters for water ST were used. Taking into account the values of components and parameters of water, formamide and diiodomethane ST obtained by us, van Oss et al. and from the water(formamide)-n-alkane and water-diiodomethane interface tension, the components and parameters of studied solids ST were calculated. To this end different approaches to the interface tension were considered. The obtained values were compared with those in the literature. It was concluded that for determination of solid ST components and parameters, those of water, formamide and diiodomethane ST obtained from the θ measurements on the model solids should be used.

  1. Apparatus producing constant cable tension for intermittent demand

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lauritzen, Ted

    1985-01-01

    The disclosed apparatus produces constant tension in superconducting electrical cable, or some other strand, under conditions of intermittent demand, as the cable is unreeled from a reel or reeled thereon. The apparatus comprises a pivotally supported swing frame on which the reel is rotatably supported, a rotary motor, a drive train connected between the motor and the reel and including an electrically controllable variable torque slip clutch, a servo transducer connected to the swing frame for producing servo input signals corresponding to the position thereof, a servo control system connected between the transducer and the clutch for regulating the torque transmitted by the clutch to maintain the swing frame in a predetermined position, at least one air cylinder connected to the swing frame for counteracting the tension in the cable, and pressure regulating means for supplying a constant air pressure to the cylinder to establish the constant tension in the cable, the servo system and the clutch being effective to produce torque on the reel in an amount sufficient to provide tension in the cable corresponding to the constant force exerted by the air cylinder. The drive train also preferably includes a fail-safe brake operable to its released position by electrical power in common with the servo system, for preventing rotation of the reel if there is a power failure. A shock absorber and biasing springs may also be connected to the swing frame, such springs biasing the frame toward its predetermined position. The tension in the cable may be measured by force measuring devices engageable with the bearings for the reel shaft, such bearings being supported for slight lateral movement. The reel shaft is driven by a Shmidt coupler which accommodates such movement.

  2. Apparatus producing constant cable tension for intermittent demand

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lauritzen, T.

    1985-01-01

    The disclosed apparatus produces constant tension in superconducting electrical cable, or some other strand, under conditions of intermittent demand, as the cable is unreeled from a reel or reeled thereon. The apparatus comprises a pivotally supported swing frame on which the reel is rotatably supported, a rotary motor, a drive train connected between the motor and the reel and including an electrically controllable variable torque slip clutch, a servo transducer connected to the swing frame for producing servo input signals corresponding to the position thereof, a servo control system connected between the transducer and the clutch for regulating the torque transmitted by the clutch to maintain the swing frame in a predetermined position, at least one air cylinder connected to the swing frame for counteracting the tension in the cable, and pressure regulating means for supplying a constant air pressure to the cylinder to establish the constant tension in the cable, the servo system and the clutch being effective to produce torque on the reel in an amount sufficient to provide tension in the cable corresponding to the constant force exerted by the air cylinder. The drive train also preferably includes a fail-safe brake operable to its released position by electrical power in common with the servo system, for preventing rotation of the reel if there is a power failure. A shock absorber and biasing springs may also be connected to the swing frame, such springs biasing the frame toward its predetermined position. The tension in the cable may be measured by force measuring devices engageable with the bearings for the reel shaft, such bearings being supported for slight lateral movement. The reel shaft is driven by a Shmidt coupler which accommodates such movement

  3. Distribución de tensiones en fachadas de azulejos sujetas a dilataciones térmicas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marrero, M.

    2006-08-01

    Full Text Available Tiles have been widely used in building facades due to important qualities such as little maintenance needed and high performance under aggressive environmental conditions, but tiles also present some limitations. One among them is that tile glaze brakes after collocation, usually due to the high temperature range facades undergo. The present work studies the stresses that take place in a tile facade when is submitted to high temperature variation. Special emphasis in the analysis is taken on the outer system elements. The problem is represented by means of a numerical solution using the Finite Element Analysis. Two different geometrical shapes commonly found have been modeled, a square tile with straight border and square tiles with a beveled edge.

    Los azulejos son ampliamente utilizados como revestimiento de fachadas en las edificaciones ya que poseen cualidades importantes como pueden ser su reducida necesidad de mantenimiento periódico y su alta resistencia a condiciones ambientales agresivas, pero también presentan diversas limitaciones. La patología más común y que más problemas genera en una fachada de azulejos es la rotura del vidriado. En muchos casos el problema tiene su origen en las fuertes variaciones de la temperatura exterior a las que se ven sometidas las fachadas. En el presente trabajo se estudian las tensiones en los elementos más exteriores de una fachada, revestida con piezas cerámicas vidriadas sometidas a una dilatación térmica, mediante un modelo de elementos finitos que permite calcular y representar la distribución de tensiones que se generan, a la vez que se identifican las zonas que alcanzan los niveles de esfuerzo más altos. Se han modelado dos geometrías encontradas en la cerámica moderna y tradicional para comprobar como estas últimas abordan el problema de concentración de tensiones mediante soluciones sencillas que pueden ser fácilmente reproducibles en la actualidad.

  4. Post-tensioned Discrete Concrete Elements Developed For Free-form Construction

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Egholm Pedersen, Ole; Larsen, Niels Martin; Pigram, Dave

    2015-01-01

    This paper presents a method for the construction of non-uniform precast concrete shell structures from unique parts. A novel method of discontinuous post-tensioning is introduced which allows tension to be taken through the connections. This increases the formal possibilities of the system beyon...

  5. Improving corrosion resistance of post-tensioned substructures emphasizing high performance grouts

    Science.gov (United States)

    Schokker, Andrea Jeanne

    The use of post-tensioning in bridges can provide durability and structural benefits to the system while expediting the construction process. When post-tensioning is combined with precast elements, traffic interference can be greatly reduced through rapid construction. Post-tensioned concrete substructure elements such as bridge piers, hammerhead bents, and straddle bents have become more prevalent in recent years. Chloride induced corrosion of steel in concrete is one of the most costly forms of corrosion each year. Coastal substructure elements are exposed to seawater by immersion or spray, and inland bridges may also be at risk due to the application of deicing salts. Corrosion protection of the post-tensioning system is vital to the integrity of the structure because loss of post-tensioning can result in catastrophic failure. Documentation for durability design of the grout, ducts, and anchorage systems is very limited. The objective of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of corrosion protection measures for post-tensioned concrete substructures by designing and testing specimens representative of typical substructure elements using state-of-the-art practices in aggressive chloride exposure environments. This was accomplished through exposure testing of twenty-seven large-scale beam specimens and ten large-scale column specimens. High performance grout for post-tensioning tendon injection was also developed through a series of fresh property tests, accelerated exposure tests, and a large-scale pumping test to simulate field conditions. A high performance fly ash grout was developed for applications with small vertical rises, and a high performance anti-bleed grout was developed for applications involving large vertical rises such as tall bridge piers. Long-term exposure testing of the beam and column specimens is ongoing, but preliminary findings indicate increased corrosion protection with increasing levels of post-tensioning, although traditional

  6. Social inequality as a factor of social tensions in Russian society

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    A. A. Oseev

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Based on this study the author concludes that “the latent and open social tensions... in Russian society today is quite high”, “clearly defined trend towards further improving it”, and to the deterioration of the social situation in the country and rising social tensions it “could lead to a sharp (abrupt increase in overt signs of social tensions and the development of its pre-crisis aside, and then the crisis situation”.

  7. Dynamic surface tension measurements of ionic surfactants using maximum bubble pressure tensiometry

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ortiz, Camilla U.; Moreno, Norman; Sharma, Vivek

    Dynamic surface tension refers to the time dependent variation in surface tension, and is intimately linked with the rate of mass transfer of a surfactant from liquid sub-phase to the interface. The diffusion- or adsorption-limited kinetics of mass transfer to interfaces is said to impact the so-called foamability and the Gibbs-Marangoni elasticity of surfaces. Dynamic surface tension measurements carried out with conventional methods like pendant drop analysis, Wilhelmy plate, etc. are limited in their temporal resolution (>50 ms). In this study, we describe design and application of maximum bubble pressure tensiometry for the measurement of dynamic surface tension effects at extremely short (1-50 ms) timescales. Using experiments and theory, we discuss the overall adsorption kinetics of charged surfactants, paying special attention to the influence of added salt on dynamic surface tension.

  8. Aversive tension in female adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa: a controlled ecological momentary assessment using smartphones.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kolar, David R; Hammerle, Florian; Jenetzky, Ekkehart; Huss, Michael; Bürger, Arne

    2016-04-12

    Current models of Anorexia Nervosa (AN) emphasize the role of emotion regulation. Aversive tension, described as a state of intense arousal and negative valence, is considered to be a link between emotional events and disordered eating. Recent research focused only on adult patients, and mainly general emotion regulation traits were studied. However, the momentary occurrence of aversive tension, particularly in adolescents with AN, has not been previously studied. 20 female adolescents with AN in outpatient treatment and 20 healthy adolescents aged 12 to 19 years participated in an ecological momentary assessment using their smartphones. Current states of aversive tension and events were assessed hourly for two consecutive weekdays. Mean and maximum values of aversive tension were compared. Multilevel analyses were computed to test the influence of time and reported events on aversive tension. The effect of reported events on subsequent changes of aversive tension in patients with AN were additionally tested in a multilevel model. AN patients showed higher mean and maximum levels of aversive tension. In a multilevel model, reported food intake was associated with higher levels of aversive tension in the AN group, whereas reported school or sport-related events were not linked to specific states of aversive tension. After food intake, subsequent increases of aversive tension were diminished and decreases of aversive tension were induced in adolescents with AN. Aversive tension may play a substantial role in the psychopathology of AN, particular in relation with food intake. Therefore, treatment should consider aversive tension as a possible intervening variable during refeeding. Our findings encourage further research on aversive tension and its link to disordered eating. German register of clinical trials (DRKS): DRKS00005228 (Date of registration: September 2, 2013).

  9. Tensions of Corporate Social Responsibility

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Strand, Robert

    , and formally rational tools like key performance indicators (KPIs) can be developed and employed in service of the selected substantively rational ends. I show how these KPIs can serve to highlight tensions between substantively rational ends. As such, I argue the CSR bureaucracy can create a space...

  10. Edificios con forjados postesados mediante tendones no adherentes. Edificio Mapfre-Vía Augusta, en Barcelona-España

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Llombart Jaques, José Antonio

    1994-08-01

    Full Text Available The technique of unbonded tendons applied to post-tensioned flat-slabs of buildings of certain importance has not been very frequent in Spain to date; in fact, it was used on very few occasions. This article gives the basic characteristics of the post-tensioned floors comparing them with the conventional solutions of reinforced concrete floors. The second part of the article brings a description of the main aspects of the design and construction of the Mapfre-Vía Augusta building in Barcelona. This recently raised building has the floor construction with slabs post-tensioned by unbonded tendons.

    La técnica del postesado no adherente, aplicada a losas de forjado de edificios de cierta entidad, ha sido hasta el momento poco común en España, habiéndose utilizado solamente en contadas ocasiones. Se indican, en primer lugar, las características fundamentales de los forjados postesados y se establecen comparaciones con soluciones convencionales de forjados de hormigón armado. En la segunda parte del artículo se describen los principales aspectos de proyecto y construcción de la estructura del Edificio Mapfre-Vía Augusta, en Barcelona, de reciente construcción, cuyos forjados están constituidos por losas postesadas mediante tendones no adherentes.

  11. Update on normal tension glaucoma

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jyotiranjan Mallick

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Normal tension glaucoma (NTG is labelled when typical glaucomatous disc changes, visual field defects and open anterior chamber angles are associated with intraocular pressure (IOP constantly below 21 mmHg. Chronic low vascular perfusion, Raynaud's phenomenon, migraine, nocturnal systemic hypotension and over-treated systemic hypertension are the main causes of normal tension glaucoma. Goldmann applanation tonometry, gonioscopy, slit lamp biomicroscopy, optical coherence tomography and visual field analysis are the main tools of investigation for the diagnosis of NTG. Management follows the same principles of treatment for other chronic glaucomas: To reduce IOP by a substantial amount, sufficient to prevent disabling visual loss. Treatment is generally aimed to lower IOP by 30% from pre-existing levels to 12-14 mmHg. Betaxolol, brimonidine, prostaglandin analogues, trabeculectomy (in refractory cases, systemic calcium channel blockers (such as nifedipine and 24-hour monitoring of blood pressure are considered in the management of NTG. The present review summarises risk factors, causes, pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of NTG.

  12. [Cognitive behavioral therapy for tension-type headache: a case report].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Salman, İsmail Barış; Sertel Berk, Hanife Özlem

    2017-10-01

    Tension-type headache has a very high socioeconomic impact, and its lifetime prevalence is reported to be between 30% and 78% in different studies. It is widely acknowledged that noninvasive management with a multidisciplinary approach should be considered for the treatment of tension-type headache. Cognitive behavioral therapy and relaxation exercises are efficient techniques. This article illustrates the application of a cognitive behavioral therapy protocol enhanced with progressive muscle stretching and relaxation exercises in the treatment of chronic tension-type headache via a case report. Our patient had an ongoing headache for 6 years when he was referred to us by the department of psychiatry. After 10 cognitive behavioral therapy sessions, the patient had learned to notice muscle tension and relax the muscles as well as to recognize and express his emotions in a better way. He became aware of automatic thoughts and learned to find alternative thoughts. Headache severity decreased, and he was able to increase participation in daily life activities.

  13. Modeling and characterization of strengthened concrete tension members

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hansen, Christian Skodborg; Stang, Henrik

    2011-01-01

    The structural potential for cracking of externally strengthened concrete tension members, can be predicted with three parameters, describing the structural cracking potential based on fracture mechanical properties of the of concrete and interface between concrete and strengthening medium....... With these parameters, it is possible to design reinforcement and obtain a required cracking behavior of a given structure. Design recommendations for single and multiple cracking of the tension specimen are given in terms of fracture mechanical parameters, and a structural stiffness parameter....

  14. Stride-related rein tension patterns in walk and trot in the ridden horse.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Egenvall, Agneta; Roepstorff, Lars; Eisersiö, Marie; Rhodin, Marie; van Weeren, René

    2015-12-30

    The use of tack (equipment such as saddles and reins) and especially of bits because of rein tension resulting in pressure in the mouth is questioned because of welfare concerns. We hypothesised that rein tension patterns in walk and trot reflect general gait kinematics, but are also determined by individual horse and rider effects. Six professional riders rode three familiar horses in walk and trot. Horses were equipped with rein tension meters logged by inertial measurement unit technique. Left and right rein tension data were synchronized with the gait. Stride split data (0-100 %) were analysed using mixed models technique to elucidate the left/right rein and stride percentage interaction, in relation to the exercises performed. In walk, rein tension was highest at hindlimb stance. Rein tension was highest in the suspension phase at trot, and lowest during the stance phase. In rising trot there was a significant difference between the two midstance phases, but not in sitting trot. When turning in trot there was a significant statistical association with the gait pattern with the tension being highest in the inside rein when the horse was on the outer fore-inner hindlimb diagonal. Substantial between-rider variation was demonstrated in walk and trot and between-horse variation in walk. Biphasic rein tensions patterns during the stride were found mainly in trot.

  15. Predicting the minimum liquid surface tension activity of pseudomonads expressing biosurfactants.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mohammed, I U; Deeni, Y; Hapca, S M; McLaughlin, K; Spiers, A J

    2015-01-01

    Bacteria produce a variety of biosurfactants capable of significantly reducing liquid (aqueous) surface tension (γ) with a range of biological roles and biotechnological uses. To determine the lowest achievable surface tension (γMin ), we tested a diverse collection of Pseudomonas-like isolates from contaminated soil and activated sludge and identified those expressing biosurfactants by drop-collapse assay. Liquid surface tension-reducing ability was quantitatively determined by tensiometry, with 57 isolates found to significantly lower culture supernatant surface tensions to 24·5-49·1 mN m(-1) . Differences in biosurfactant behaviour determined by foaming, emulsion and oil-displacement assays were also observed amongst isolates producing surface tensions of 25-27 mN m(-1) , suggesting that a range of structurally diverse biosurfactants were being expressed. Individual distribution identification (IDI) analysis was used to identify the theoretical probability distribution that best fitted the surface tension data, which predicted a γMin of 24·24 mN m(-1) . This was in agreement with predictions based on earlier work of published mixed bacterial spp. data, suggesting a fundamental limit to the ability of bacterial biosurfactants to reduce surface tensions in aqueous systems. This implies a biological restriction on the synthesis and export of these agents or a physical-chemical restriction on their functioning once produced. Numerous surveys of biosurfactant-producing bacteria have been conducted, but only recently has an attempt been made to predict the minimum liquid surface tension these surface-active agents can achieve. Here, we determine a theoretical minimum of 24 mN m(-1) by statistical analysis of tensiometry data, suggesting a fundamental limit for biosurfactant activity in bacterial cultures incubated under standard growth conditions. This raises a challenge to our understanding of biosurfactant expression, secretion and function, as well as

  16. Tension stiffening in partially prestressed concrete flexural members

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Oukaili, K. N.

    2000-01-01

    Concrete tensile strength is not being zero, cracking does not extend to the neutral axis as assumed in standard cracked section analysis. In addition, un cracked concrete, which exists above the crack tip in the tension zone, contributes to the stiffness of the member. This paper discusses the influence of concrete tensile stress below the neut ural axis position at the cracked section on the tension stiffening phenomenon and deflection of progressively cracking partially prestressed concrete flexural members. The computation of the neutral axis location, which takes into consideration the effect of concrete in tension, can be achieved by solving iteratively tow simultaneous equation derived from forces and moments equilibrium, strain compatibility and linear stress - strain relationship in concrete across the section depth. Once the section depth after cracking is known, it can be used to calculate the effective moment of inertia for deflection analysis. (author). 13 refs., 3 figs., 1 table

  17. Tensile behavior and tension stiffening of reinforced concrete

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Choun, Young Sun; Seo, Jeong Moon

    2001-03-01

    For the ultimate behavior analysis of containment buildings under severe accident conditions, a clear understanding of tensile behaviors of plain and reinforced concrete is necessary. Nonlinear models for tensile behaviors of concrete are also needed. This report describe following items: tensile behaviors of plain concrete, test results of reinforced concrete panels in uniaxial and biaxial tension, tension stiffening. The tensile behaviors of reinforced concrete are significantly influenced by the properties of concrete and reinforcing steel. Thus, for a more reliable evaluation of tensile behavior and ultimate pressure capacity of a reinforced or prestressed concrete containment building, an advanced concrete model which can be considered rebar-concrete interaction effects should be developed. In additions, a crack behavior analysis method and tension stiffening models, which are based on fracture mechanics, should be developed. The model should be based on the various test data from specimens considering material and sectional properties of the containment building

  18. The Investigation of the Corrosion Resistance of the Tension Clamps Skl14

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marek Pětioký

    2015-05-01

    Full Text Available At the level crossings it is possible to find the problems with the corrosion of the parts of the fastening system. These problems are especially at the rubber level crossings and in the tunnels. As a part of the thesis the problem of the corrosion of the tension clamp Skl14 of the producer Vossloh at the rubber level crossings is examined. For the purposes of the comparison the tension clamps without the corrosion protection and the tension clamps with the corrosion protection KTL were examined. As a first step the corrosion features of the tension clamps Skl14 were solved. The examination was divided into two parts. First part it was the examination according to ČSN EN ISO 9227. The samples of the tension clamps were putted into the corrosion chamber. After 1728 h the results of the corrosion impacts were not satisfied. It was decided for the second step of the examination. It was the immersion in an electrolyte solution. As a result of the paper the corrosion features of the tension clamps without the corrosion protection and with the corrosion protection are compared.

  19. Navigating the Tensions of Innovative Assessment and Pedagogy in Higher Education

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jennifer Lock

    2018-04-01

    Full Text Available Innovative practice in a classroom adds challenges and tensions to programs and institutional structures in higher education. With the recent emphasis on curricula reform, there is a great focus on assessment and pedagogical practices to support student learning. To illustrate the tensions arising from these efforts, we present four pedagogical and assessment innovation approaches using both Shulman’s (2005 Signature Pedagogies and Tatar’s (2007 Design Tensions frameworks. The four approaches include problem-based learning, game-based learning, case-based learning, and technology-enhanced learning. A narrative for each approach examines and addresses tensions using Shulman’s (2005 surface, deep and implicit structures. We argue that there is an interconnected complexity and conflicting visions among the micro- (e.g., classroom or practicum, meso- (e.g., program, and macro- (e.g., institution levels. We acknowledge that dynamic tensions continually exist and needs to be thoughtfully navigated in support of innovative assessment and pedagogies in higher education. Dans l’enseignement supérieur, les pratiques innovatrices en salle de classe ajoutent des défis et des tensions aux programmes et aux structures institutionnelles. Suite à l’importance accrue récemment attachée à la réforme des programmes d’études, l’accent est mis sur l’évaluation et les pratiques pédagogiques pour soutenir l’apprentissage des étudiants. Afin d’illustrer les tensions qui découlent de ces efforts, nous présentons quatre approches de pédagogie et d’évaluation innovatrices qui font appel à la fois aux cadres de Shulman, Signature Pedagogies (2005, et à ceux de Tatar, Design Tensions (2007. Les quatre approches comprennent l’apprentissage par problèmes, l’apprentissage fondé sur le jeu, l’apprentissage basé sur des cas et l’apprentissage amélioré par les technologies. Chaque approche est examinée et traite des tensions

  20. Managing the accountability-autonomy tensions in university research commercialisation

    OpenAIRE

    Narayan, Anil K.; Northcott, Deryl; Parker, Lee D.

    2017-01-01

    This article investigates organisational responses to emerging concerns about how accountability–autonomy tensions can be managed within the context of university research commercialisation. The findings suggest that changed expectations of university research practices, which result from the introduction of a commercialisation logic, can be managed via the homogenisation of research goals and strategies. The successful management of accountability–autonomy tensions also depends on utilising ...

  1. Comparing the Knotless Tension Band and the Traditional Stainless Steel Wire Tension Band Fixation for Medial Malleolus Fractures: A Retrospective Clinical Study

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Michael W. Downey

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available The traditional stainless steel wire tension band (WTB has been popularized for small avulsion fractures at the medial malleolus. Despite the tension band principle creating a stable construct, complications continue to arise utilizing the traditional stainless steel WTB with patients experiencing hardware irritation at the tension band site and subsequent hardware removal. Coupled with hardware irritation is fatigue failure with the wire. The goal of this investigation was to retrospectively compare this traditional wire technique to an innovative knotless tension band (KTB technique in order to decrease costly complications. A total of 107 patients were reviewed with a minimum follow-up of 1 year. Outcome measures include descriptive data, fracture classification, results through economic costs, and fixation results (including hardware status, healing status, pain status, and time to healing. The KTB group had a 13% lower true cost as compared to the WTB group while the fixation results were equivocal for the measured outcomes. Our results demonstrate that the innovative KTB is comparable to the traditional WTB while offering a lower true cost, an irritation free reduction all without the frustration of returning to the operating room for additional hardware removal, which averages approximately to $8,288.

  2. Ethical Tensions Related to Systemic Constraints: Occupational Alienation in Occupational Therapy Practice.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Durocher, Evelyne; Kinsella, Elizabeth Anne; McCorquodale, Lisa; Phelan, Shanon

    2016-09-03

    Ethical tensions arise daily in health care practice and are frequently related to health care system structures or policies. Collective case study methodology was adopted to examine ethical tensions reported by occupational therapists practicing in different settings in Southwestern Ontario, Canada. Inductive analysis involving multiple layers of coding was conducted. This article focuses on tensions related to systemic constraints. Participants reported ethical tensions related to balancing client priorities with those of health care services. Four themes related to systemic constraints were identified including imposed practices, ineffective processes, resource limitations, and lack of services. Therapists' aims could be seen to align with an "ethic of care" and were seen to be in tension in light of systemic constraints. The findings raise issues related to occupational justice, particularly related to occupational alienation in occupational therapy practice, and open conversations related to neoliberalist health care agendas. © The Author(s) 2016.

  3. Análisis de Tensiones mediante Elementos Finitos de una Válvula Esférica durante la Prueba Hidrostática, y su Verificación Experimental Stress Analysis by means of Finite Elements of a Ball Valve during the Hydrostatic Test, and its Experimental Verification

    OpenAIRE

    Néstor J Gualda; Héctor C Sanzi; Luis Ortiz

    2010-01-01

    En este trabajo se presenta el análisis de tensiones y deformaciones en el cuerpo de una válvula esférica de diámetro 8" serie 600, durante la prueba hidrostática, utilizando el método de elementos finitos. Se verifica el modelo con datos experimentales de tensiones, utilizando indicadores de deformación SG (Strain Gauges). Para el análisis mediante el método de elementos finitos se utilizó el programa Cosmos/M e información obtenida durante el análisis experimental. Las pruebas experimentale...

  4. EXPERIENCE WITH THE OPEN TENSION-FREE HERNIA REPAIR

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Slavko Rakovec

    2002-03-01

    Full Text Available Background. All old techniques of herniorrhaphy involve approximation of tissues under tension, which accounts for their unreliability. Therefore the recovery time is long and the recurrence rate unacceptably high. The new methods using a mesh patch of polypropylene allow for a tensionfree repair, which is much more reliable. So they are associated with a shorter recovery time and carry a low probability of recurrence. The tension-free repair can be accomplished in an open manner, by placing the mesh through an open incision, or by the endoscopic technique, which involves placing the mesh from within by laparoscopic instruments. The open tension-free procedures can be performed with the use of stitches (according to Lichtenstein or without them (sutureless techniques. Stitching the mesh may cause problems due to maldistribution of tension between the mesh and the patient’s tissues, the occurrence of neuralgia or the development of inflammatory granuloma. Therefore sutureless procedures are increasingly performed. They usually require, besides the use of a mesh patch, also the use of a dart plug made of the same material.Methods. The open tension-free methods of hernia repair have been used at our Department since 1994. The first 77 operations were performed by Lichtenstein technique. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 3.4 days and the mean work restriction period was 3 weeks. In the middle of the year 1995, we shifted to suturless technique. By the end of the year 2000, we had performed 768 operations. The average postoperative hospital stay was 1.2 days and the average recovery time was 10 days.Results. In the first group of 77 hernia repairs performed by the Lichtenstein procedure serious complications were noted in six patients: bleeding in one, long-lasting neuralgia in two, and purulent granuloma, appearing long after discharge from the hospital, in three. There were no recurrences. In the second group of 768 hernia repairs

  5. [Peppermint oil in the acute treatment of tension-type headache].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Göbel, H; Heinze, A; Heinze-Kuhn, K; Göbel, A; Göbel, C

    2016-06-01

    Tension-type headache is the most frequent form of headache. The local topical treatment with peppermint oil (oleum menthae piperitae) has proven to be significantly more effective than placebo in controlled studies. Peppermint oil targets headache pathophysiology in multiple ways. The efficacy is comparable to that of acetylsalicylic acid or paracetamol. Solutions of 10 % peppermint oil in ethanol are licensed for the treatment of tension-type headache in adults and children above 6 years. It is included in treatment recommendations and guidelines by the respective professional societies and is regarded as a standard treatment for the acute therapy of tension-type headaches.

  6. The Tension between Justice and Freedom in Paulo Freire's Epistemology.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Joldersma, Clarence W.

    2001-01-01

    Explores how the concept of freedom in Paulo Freire's constructivist epistemology-constituted as agentive, spontaneity-based action-is in tension with his ethical project of a pedagogy for justice, one based on responsibility and non-indifference. Resolution of this tension means reconceptualizing the grounding notion of the subject beyond a…

  7. Infinite tension limit of the pure spinor superstring

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Berkovits, Nathan [ICTP South American Institute for Fundamental Research,Instituto de Física Teórica, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista,Rua Dr. Bento T. Ferraz 271, 01140-070, São Paulo, SP (Brazil)

    2014-03-04

    Mason and Skinner recently constructed a chiral infinite tension limit of the Ramond-Neveu-Schwarz superstring which was shown to compute the Cachazo-He-Yuan formulae for tree-level d=10 Yang-Mills amplitudes and the NS-NS sector of tree-level d=10 supergravity amplitudes. In this letter, their chiral infinite tension limit is generalized to the pure spinor superstring which computes a d=10 superspace version of the Cachazo-He-Yuan formulae for tree-level d=10 super-Yang-Mills and supergravity amplitudes.

  8. Patient goals after tension free vaginal tape operation

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Glavind, Karin; Bjørk, Jonna; Kousgaard, Sabrina Just

    INTRODUCTION: This prospective study investigates sexual function in women after a tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) operation and compares short-term and long-term effects. METHODS: Sixty-three women had a TVT operation performed at Aalborg University Hospital, Department of Gynecology and Obstetr......INTRODUCTION: This prospective study investigates sexual function in women after a tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) operation and compares short-term and long-term effects. METHODS: Sixty-three women had a TVT operation performed at Aalborg University Hospital, Department of Gynecology...

  9. Modeling the surface tension of complex, reactive organic-inorganic mixtures

    Science.gov (United States)

    Schwier, A. N.; Viglione, G. A.; Li, Z.; McNeill, V. Faye

    2013-11-01

    Atmospheric aerosols can contain thousands of organic compounds which impact aerosol surface tension, affecting aerosol properties such as heterogeneous reactivity, ice nucleation, and cloud droplet formation. We present new experimental data for the surface tension of complex, reactive organic-inorganic aqueous mixtures mimicking tropospheric aerosols. Each solution contained 2-6 organic compounds, including methylglyoxal, glyoxal, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, oxalic acid, succinic acid, leucine, alanine, glycine, and serine, with and without ammonium sulfate. We test two semi-empirical surface tension models and find that most reactive, complex, aqueous organic mixtures which do not contain salt are well described by a weighted Szyszkowski-Langmuir (S-L) model which was first presented by Henning et al. (2005). Two approaches for modeling the effects of salt were tested: (1) the Tuckermann approach (an extension of the Henning model with an additional explicit salt term), and (2) a new implicit method proposed here which employs experimental surface tension data obtained for each organic species in the presence of salt used with the Henning model. We recommend the use of method (2) for surface tension modeling of aerosol systems because the Henning model (using data obtained from organic-inorganic systems) and Tuckermann approach provide similar modeling results and goodness-of-fit (χ2) values, yet the Henning model is a simpler and more physical approach to modeling the effects of salt, requiring less empirically determined parameters.

  10. Automatic control of arterial carbon dioxide tension in mechanically ventilated patients.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fernando, Tyrone; Cade, John; Packer, John

    2002-12-01

    This paper presents a method of controlling the arterial carbon dioxide tension of patients receiving mechanical ventilation. Controlling of the CO2 tension is achieved by regulating the ventilator initiated breath frequency and also volume per breath.

  11. Tensions and Striving for Coherence in an Academic's Professional Identity Work

    Science.gov (United States)

    Arvaja, Maarit

    2018-01-01

    The emergence of 'new managerialism' in academic institutions and professions has given rise to tensions between one's professional self and work context. Such tensions often originate from a misalignment between institutional and personal values. This study builds on a dialogical approach to identity and discusses the role of inner tensions and…

  12. Notch effects in uniaxial tension specimens

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Delph, T.J.

    1979-03-01

    Results of a literature survey on the effect of notches on the time-dependent failure of uniaxial tension specimens at elevated temperatures are presented. Particular attention is paid to the failure of notched specimens containing weldments

  13. Unilateral microform cleft lip repair: application of muscle tension line group theory.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yin, Ningbei; Song, Tao; Wu, Jiajun; Chen, Bo; Ma, Hengyuan; Zhao, Zhenmin; Wang, Yongqian; Li, Haidong; Wu, Di

    2015-03-01

    In microform cleft lip repair, reconstructing the elaborate structures is difficult. We describe a new technique of unilateral microform cleft lip repair that is based on the muscle tension line group theory. According to the shape of Cupid bow, a different small incision is used without creating an obvious cutaneous scar. First, the nasolabial muscle around the nasal floor (the first auxiliary tension line group) is reconstructed, and then the orbicularis oris muscle around the philtrum (the second auxiliary tension line group) is reconstructed based on the muscle tension line group theory. From June 2006 to June 2012, the technique was used in 263 unilateral microform cleft lip repairs. For 18 months, 212 patients were followed up. The appearance of the nasal alar, nasal sill, philtrum, and Cupid bow peak improved. Most patients had a satisfactory appearance. Based on the muscle tension line group theory, using this technique offers the ability to adduct the nasal alar effectively to form a good nasal sill and philtrum.

  14. [Tension gastrothorax as a cause of death by obstructive shock - case report].

    Science.gov (United States)

    García-Regalado, Juan F; Navarro-Rojas, Mariana M

    2014-07-01

    Tension gastrothorax is caused by the herniation of the stomach into the thorax due to a congenital defect of the diaphragm; the Bochdaleck diaphragmatic hernia (HDB) is the most frequent type. Tension gastrothorax should be considered as a differential diagnosis in patients with obstructive shock and tension pneumothorax. A previously healthy 10 month-old male infant, who presented increased respiratory distress, increased volume of the left hemithorax, absence of breath sounds, ipsilateral hyper-resonance, 76% saturation, cold skin and capillary filling > 5 seconds, followed by a cardio-respiratory arrest. Due to clinical suspicion of pneumothorax, needle decompression was performed reversing cardiac arrest, but with persistent hemodynamic and respiratory instability; chest radiograph suggested diaphragmatic hernia. He underwent surgery confirming the presence of a diaphragmatic hernia of 5 cm. The evolution of this case shows the difficulty differentiating a tension gastrothorax from tension pneumothorax in patients admitted to the emergency room who are in serious condition; therefore, a high index of suspicion is needed for its identification.

  15. Development of a computer-controlled tensiometer for real-time measurements of tension in tubular organs.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gregersen, H; Barlow, J; Thompson, D

    1999-04-01

    A computer-controlled tensiometer for studying wall tension in tubular organs has been developed. The system consisted of a probe with an inflatable balloon, an impedance planimeter, pressure transducer and amplifier, a pump with RS232 interface and a PC with dedicated software. Circumferential wall tension was computed in real time from pressure and cross-sectional area measurements (tension measurement mode). Wall tension can be maintained on a preset level or be changed as a step or ramp function by a feedback control of the infusion/withdrawal pump (tension control mode). A software regulator adjusted the volume rate (low volume rate when the computed tension was close to the preset value) to minimize overshoot and oscillation. Validation tests were performed and the technique was applied in the human oesophagus. Volume- and tension-controlled balloon distensions elicited secondary peristalsis of increasing intensity that was decreased significantly by the antimuscarinic agent Hyoscine butyl bromide. In tension control mode Hyoscine butyl bromide caused oesophageal relaxation, i.e. CSA to increase and pressure to decay. Furthermore, pronounced pressure relaxation and tension relaxation were observed during volume-controlled distension after administration of Hyoscine butyl bromide.

  16. Dorzolamide increases retinal oxygen tension after branch retinal vein occlusion

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Noergaard, Michael Hove; Bach-Holm, Daniella; Scherfig, Erik

    2008-01-01

    To study the effect of dorzolamide on the preretinal oxygen tension (RPO(2)) in retinal areas affected by experimental branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) in pigs.......To study the effect of dorzolamide on the preretinal oxygen tension (RPO(2)) in retinal areas affected by experimental branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) in pigs....

  17. Central and peripheral mechanisms in chronic tension-type headache

    OpenAIRE

    Lipchik, Gay L.; Holroyd, Kenneth A.; France, Christopher R.; Kvaal, Steven A.; Segal, David; Cordingley, Gary E.; Rokicki, Lori A.; McCool, Heidi R.

    1996-01-01

    The second exteroceptive suppression of masseter muscle activity (ES2) and tenderness in pericranial muscles were evaluated in 112 young adults who met IHS criteria in the following diagnostic classifications: 31 chronic tension headache, 31 episodic tension headache, 33 migraine without aura and 17 migraine with aura. An additional 31 subjects served as controls. Pericranial muscle tenderness better distinguished diagnostic subgroups and better distinguished recurrent headache sufferers from...

  18. Study on the makinq of Cockroft Walton high tension

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hutapea, Sumihar.

    1976-01-01

    A prototype of a generator is being developed at the GAMA Research Center. Experience in working with some components, high voltage capacitor, column, and potential divider is discussed. High voltage diode, the type which is usually used in television, is used. The tension of the generator is measured by using the high ohmic resistence of 4000 megaohm. The maximum tension can be reached no more than 150000 volts. (author)

  19. Tensiones entre decisiones de los órganos del Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos y el derecho interno de los Estados en materia de derechos políticos

    OpenAIRE

    Amaya, Jorge Alejandro

    2016-01-01

    El autor plantea en este trabajo dos tensiones o posiciones encontradas que emanan de la doctrina de los órganos del Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos (la Comisión y la Corte Interamericana) y el derecho interno de algunos Estados, como la República Argentina. Primero, la interpretación que la Justicia Electoral Argentina ha hecho respecto del sufragio pasivo del concepto de “condena de juez competente en proceso penal” que exige con exclusividad el numeral 2 del artículo 23 de la Co...

  20. Thermal Characteristics of Plastic Film Tension in Roll-to-Roll Gravure Printed Electronics

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kui He

    2018-02-01

    Full Text Available In the printing section of a roll-to-roll gravure printed electronics machine, the plastic film tension is directly associated with the product quality. The temperature distribution of the plastic film in the printing section is non-uniform, because of the higher drying temperature and the lower room temperature. Furthermore, the drying temperature and the room temperature are not constants in industrial production. As the plastic film is sensitive to temperature, the temperature of the plastic film will affects the web tension in the printing section. In this paper, the thermal characteristics of the plastic film tension in roll-to-roll gravure printed electronics are studied in order to help to improve the product quality. First, the tension model including the factor of temperature is derived based on the law of mass conservation. Then, some simulations and experiments are carried out in order to in-depth research the effects of the drying temperature and room temperature based on the relations between system inputs and outputs. The results show that the drying temperature and room temperature have significant influences on the web tension. The research on the thermal characteristics of plastic film tension would benefit the tension control accuracy for further study.

  1. Force generation and temperature-jump and length-jump tension transients in muscle fibers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Davis, J S; Rodgers, M E

    1995-01-01

    Muscle tension rises with increasing temperature. The kinetics that govern the tension rise of maximally Ca(2+)-activated, skinned rabbit psoas fibers over a temperature range of 0-30 degrees C was characterized in laser temperature-jump experiments. The kinetic response is simple and can be readily interpreted in terms of a basic three-step mechanism of contraction, which includes a temperature-sensitive rapid preequilibrium(a) linked to a temperature-insensitive rate-limiting step and followed by a temperature-sensitive tension-generating step. These data and mechanism are compared and contrasted with the more complex length-jump Huxley-Simmons phases in which all states that generate tension or bear tension are perturbed. The rate of the Huxley-Simmons phase 4 is temperature sensitive at low temperatures but plateaus at high temperatures, indicating a change in rate-limiting step from a temperature-sensitive (phase 4a) to a temperature-insensitive reaction (phase 4b); the latter appears to correlate with the slow, temperature-insensitive temperature-jump relaxation. Phase 3 is absent in the temperature-jump, which excludes it from tension generation. We confirm that de novo tension generation occurs as an order-disorder transition during phase 2slow and the equivalent, temperature-sensitive temperature-jump relaxation. PMID:7612845

  2. Influence of specimen type and reinforcement on measured tension-tension fatigue life of unidirectional GFRP laminates

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Korkiakoski, Samuli; Brøndsted, Povl; Sarlin, Essi

    2016-01-01

    It is well known that standardised tension-tension fatigue test specimens of unidirectional (UD) glass-fibre-reinforced plastics (GFRP) laminates tend to fail at end tabs. The true fatigue life is then underestimated. The first objective of this study was to find for UD GFRP laminates a test...... specimen that fails in the gauge section. The second objective was to compare fatigue performance of two laminates, one having a newly developed UD powder-bound fabric as a reinforcement and the other having a quasi-UD stitched non-crimp fabric as a reinforcement. In the first phase, a rectangular specimen...... in accordance with the ISO 527-5 standard and two slightly different dog-bone shaped specimens were evaluated by means of finite element modelling. Subsequent comparative fatigue tests were performed for the laminates with the three specimen types. The results showed that the test specimen type has...

  3. Post-tensioning and splicing of precast/prestressed bridge beams to extend spans

    Science.gov (United States)

    Collett, Brandon S.; Saliba, Joseph E.

    2002-06-01

    This paper explores the status and techniques of post-tensioning and splicing precast concrete I-beams in bridge applications. It will look at the current practices that have been used in the United States and comment on the advantages of these techniques. Representative projects are presented to demonstrate the application and success of specific methods used. To demonstrate the benefits of using post-tensioning and splicing to extend spans, multiple analysis of simple span post-tensioned I-beams were performed varying such characteristics as beam spacing, beam sections, beam depth and concrete strength. Tables were then developed to compare the maximum span length of a prestressed I-beam versus a one segment or a spliced three segment post-tensioned I-beam. The lateral stability of the beam during fabrication, transportation and erection is also examined and discussed. These tables are intended to aid designers and owners in preliminary project studies to determine if post-tensioning can be beneficial to their situation. AASHTO Standard Specifications(2) will be used as basic guidelines and specifications. In many cases, post-tensioning was found to extend the maximum span length of a typical 72-inch precast I-beam more than 40 feet over conventional prestress.

  4. Detection of low tension cosmic superstrings

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chernoff, David F.; Tye, S.-H. Henry

    2018-05-01

    Cosmic superstrings of string theory differ from conventional cosmic strings of field theory. We review how the physical and cosmological properties of the macroscopic string loops influence experimental searches for these relics from the epoch of inflation. The universe's average density of cosmic superstrings can easily exceed that of conventional cosmic strings having the same tension by two or more orders of magnitude. The cosmological behavior of the remnant superstring loops is qualitatively distinct because the string tension is exponentially smaller than the string scale in flux compactifications in string theory. Low tension superstring loops live longer, experience less recoil (rocket effect from the emission of gravitational radiation) and tend to cluster like dark matter in galaxies. Clustering enhances the string loop density with respect to the cosmological average in collapsed structures in the universe. The enhancement at the Sun's position is ~ 105. We develop a model encapsulating the leading order string theory effects, the current understanding of the string network loop production and the influence of cosmological structure formation suitable for forecasting the detection of superstring loops via optical microlensing, gravitational wave bursts and fast radio bursts. We evaluate the detection rate of bursts from cusps and kinks by LIGO- and LISA-like experiments. Clustering dominates rates for G μ 10‑14.2 (LIGO cusp), G μ>10‑15 (LISA cusp) and G μ>10‑ 14.1 (LISA kink).

  5. Minimally invasive tension band wiring technique for olecranon fractures.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Takada, Naoya; Kato, Kenji; Fukuta, Makoto; Wada, Ikuo; Otsuka, Takanobu

    2013-12-01

    Some types of implants, such as plates, screws, wires, and nails, have been used for open reduction and internal fixation of olecranon fractures. A ≥ 10 cm longitudinal incision is used for open reduction and internal fixation of olecranon fractures. According to previous studies, tension band wiring is a popular method that gives good results. However, back out of the wires after the surgery is one of the main postoperative complications. Moreover, if the Kirschner wires are inserted through the anterior ulnar cortex, they may impinge on the radial neck, supinator muscle, or biceps tendon. Herein, we describe the minimally invasive tension band wiring technique using Ring-Pin. This technique can be performed through a 2 cm incision. Small skin incisions are advantageous from an esthetic viewpoint. Ring-Pin was fixed by using a dedicated cable wire that does not back out unless the cable wire breaks or slips out of the dedicated metallic clamp. As the pins are placed in intramedullary canal, this technique does not lead to postoperative complications that may occur after transcortical fixation by conventional tension band wiring. Minimally invasive tension band wiring is one of the useful options for the treatment of olecranon fractures with some advantages.

  6. Tension cost correlates with mechanical and biochemical parameters in different myocardial contractility conditions

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cleci M. Moreira

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVES: Tension cost, the ratio of myosin ATPase activity to tension, reflects the economy of tension development in the myocardium. To evaluate the mechanical advantage represented by the tension cost, we studied papillary muscle contractility and the activity of myosin ATPase in the left ventricles in normal and pathophysiological conditions. METHODS: Experimental protocols were performed using rat left ventricles from: (1 streptozotocin-induced diabetic and control Wistar rats; (2 N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME hypertensive and untreated Wistar rats; (3 deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA salt-treated, nephrectomized and salt- and DOCA-treated rats; (4 spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR and Wistar Kyoto (WKY rats; (5 rats with myocardial infarction and shamoperated rats. The isometric force, tetanic tension, and the activity of myosin ATPase were measured. RESULTS: The results obtained from infarcted, diabetic, and deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt-treated rats showed reductions in twitch and tetanic tension compared to the control and sham-operated groups. Twitch and tetanic tension increased in the N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester-treated rats compared with the Wistar rats. Myosin ATPase activity was depressed in the infarcted, diabetic, and deoxycorticosterone acetate salt-treated rats compared with control and sham-operated rats and was increased in N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester-treated rats. These parameters did not differ between SHR and WKY rats. In the studied conditions (e.g., post-myocardial infarction, deoxycorticosterone acetate salt-induced hypertension, chronic N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester treatment, and streptozotocin-induced diabetes, a positive correlation between force or plateau tetanic tension and myosin ATPase activity was observed. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the myocardium adapts to force generation by increasing or reducing the tension cost to maintain myocardial contractility with a better

  7. Hydraulic nuts (HydraNuts) for reactor vessel tensioning

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Greenwell, Steve

    2008-01-01

    The paper will present how the introduction of hydraulic nuts - HydraNuts, has reduced critical path times, dose exposure for workers and improved working safety conditions around the reactor vessel during tensioning or de-tensioning operations. It will focus upon detailing the advantages realized by utilities that have introduced the technology and providing examples of the improvements made to the process as well as discussing the engineering design change packages required to make the conversion to the new system. HydraNuts replace the traditional mechanical nut/stud tensioning equipment, combining the two functions into a single system, designed for easy installation and operation by one individual. The primary components of the HydraNut can be assembled without the need for external crane or hoist support and are designed so that each sub assembly can be fitted separately. Once all HydraNuts are fitted to the Rx vessel studs and are sitting on the main Rx vessel head flange, then a system of flexible hydraulic hoses is connected to them, forming a closed loop hydraulic harness, which will allow for simultaneous pressurization of all HydraNuts. Hydraulic pressure is obtained by the use of a hydraulic pumping unit and the resultant load generated in each HydraNut is transferred to the stud and main flange closure is obtained. While maintaining hydraulic pressure, a locking ring is rotated into place on the HydraNut assembly that will support the tensioned load mechanically when the hydraulic pressure is released from the hose harness assembly. The hose harness is removed and the HydraNut is now functioning as a mechanical nut retaining the tensioned load. The HydraNut system for Rx vessel applications was first introduced into a plant in the U.S. in October 2006 and based upon the benefits realized subsequent projects are under way within the Asian and U.S. operating fleet. (author)

  8. Changing market values? Tensions of contradicting public management discourses

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Plotnikof, Mie

    2016-01-01

    that the discursive tensions between such value-laden practices indicate a changing marketization associated with collaboration and trust, yet also competition. Research limitations/implications To research it becomes critical to advance theoretical and empirical knowledge on the constitutive effects of such complex......The purpose of this paper is to address studies of New Public Governance (NPG) as a post-New Public Management (NPM) tendency. Although NPG is considered a contrast to NPM and its market incentives, it argues that the practices emerging in tensions of NPM and NPG discourses indicate not a clear......-cut shift away from NPM, but rather changes that combine competition with collaboration and trust. Design/methodology/approach It offers a discourse approach to advance the theorizing and empirical unfolding of the tensions of contradicting, yet co-existing discourses of NPM and NPG and their effects...

  9. Surface tension in microsystems engineering below the capillary length

    CERN Document Server

    Lambert, Pierre

    2014-01-01

    This book describes how surface tension effects can be used by engineers to provide mechanical functions in miniaturized products (<1 mm). Even if precursors of this field such as Jurin or Laplace already date back to the 18th century, describing surface tension effects from a mechanical perspective is very recent. The originality of this book is to consider the effects of capillary bridges on solids, including forces and torques exerted both statically and dynamically by the liquid along the 6 degrees-of-freedom. It provides a comprehensive approach to various applications, such as capillary adhesion (axial force), centering force in packaging and micro-assembly (lateral force) and recent developments such as a capillary motor (torque). It devises how surface tension can be used to provide mechanical functions such as actuation (bubble-actuated compliant table), sealing and tightness, energy harvesting, nanodispending.

  10. Experiment and model for the surface tension of amine–ionic liquids aqueous solutions

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zhang, Pan; Du, LeiXia; Fu, Dong

    2014-01-01

    Highlights: • The surface tensions of MEA/DEA–ionic liquids aqueous solutions were measured. • The experiments were modeled satisfactorily by using a thermodynamic equation. • The temperature dependence of the surface tension was illustrated. • The effects of the mass fractions of MEA/DEA and ionic liquids were demonstrated. - Abstract: The surface tension (γ) of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([Bmim][BF 4 ])–monoethanolamine (MEA), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([Bmim][Br])–MEA, [Bmim][BF 4 ]–diethanolamine (DEA) and [Bmim][Br]–DEA aqueous solutions was measured by using the BZY-1 surface tension meter. The temperature ranged from (293.2 to 323.2) K. The mass fraction of amines and ionic liquids (ILS) respectively ranged from 0.15 to 0.30 and 0.05 to 0.10. A thermodynamic equation was proposed to model the surface tension of amines–ILS aqueous solutions and the calculated results agreed well with the experiments. The effects of temperature, mass fraction of amines and ILS on the surface tension were demonstrated on the basis of experiments and calculations

  11. Trastornos menores de salud en una muestra de estudiantes de la Universidad de Barcelona

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    MT Icart Isern

    Full Text Available Introducción: conocer la prevalencia de algunos trastornos menores de salud (TMS en una muestra de estudiantes de la Universidad de Barcelona (2004-05. Material y métodos: El estudio se realizó en las facultades de Ciencias Económicas, Farmacia, Medicina, Psicología y Químicas y Escuela de Enfermería de la Universidad de Barcelona. Se empleó un diseño observacional, descriptivo y transversal mediante un cuestionario mixto administrada a 600 estudiantes durante el mes de diciembre de 2004. Las variables estudiadas corresponden a los siguientes TMS: insomnio, estreñimiento, cefalea, dolor osteomuscular, tics nerviosos, onicofagia y tricotilomania. Resultados: El sexo femenino representa el 64% de la muestra; la media de edad de los encuestados es de 22,7 (DE: 3,27; IC 95%: 22,43-22,96. Las mujeres acumulan el 67,79% de los 1.245 TMS identificados. Por sexo, se observan diferencias estadísticamente significativas en las prevalencias de cefalea, dolor osteomuscular y tricotilomania que afectan en mayor medida al sexo femenino. La onicofagia (264; 21,20%; IC 95%: 18-24,4 es el más extendido de los TMS, seguido de la cefalea (233; 18,72%; IC 95%: 15,6-21,84. los estudiantes de Psicología presentan el mayor número, seguidos de los de Ciencias Económicas; los que presentan un menor número son los de Farmacia y Químicas. Conclusiones: El sexo femenino presenta la mayor prevalencia de TMS. La onicofagia y la cefalea son los principales TMS identificados en la muestra. Los estudiantes de Psicología acumulan el mayor número de TMS, siendo los que presentan más cefalea, dolor osteomuscular y tricotilomania.

  12. The environmental factors as reason for emotional tension

    Science.gov (United States)

    Prisniakova, L.

    The information from environment is a reason of activation of an organism, it calls abrupt changings in nervous processes and it offers emotions. One part of emotions organizes and supports activity, others disorganize it. In fields of perception, of making decision, fulfilment of operatings, of learning the emotional excitation raises the level of carrying-out more easy problems and reduces of more difficult one. The report are presented the outcomes of quantitative determination of a level of emotional tension on successful activity. The inverse of the sign of influencing on efficiency of activity of the man is detected. The action of the emotional tension on efficiency of professional work was demonstrated to have similarly to influencing of motivation according to the law Yerkes -Dodson. The report introduces a mathematical model of connection of successful activity and motivations or the emotional tension. Introduced in the report the outcomes can serve the theoretical idealized basis of the quantitative characteristics of an estimation of activity of astronauts in conditions of the emotional factors at a phase of selection

  13. ¿”Proyecto de vida”? tensiones en un programa de prevención del delito juvenil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marina Medan

    2012-05-01

    Full Text Available El énfasis que los programas sociales para jóvenes de sectores populares ponen enla cuestión edad a partir de la idea de “proyecto de vida”, subestima las condiciones de clase socialde sus beneficiarios y beneficiarias. En este artículo expongo las tensiones que al respecto existenentre las propuestas de un programa de prevención del delito y las posibilidades que enuncian susbeneficiarios y beneficiarias. Argumento que si los jóvenes y las jóvenes asistidos encuentran eseproyecto de vida incongruente con sus condiciones, esta petición podría derivar en la legitimaciónde su exclusión institucional; además podría confinarlos a una posición juvenil calificada comoincompleta. Expongo datos obtenidos al estudiar cualitativamente un programa implementado en unbarrio del Gran Buenos Aires, entre los años 2008 y 2011.

  14. Parenteral treatment of episodic tension-type headache: a systematic review.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Weinman, Danielle; Nicastro, Olivia; Akala, Olabiyi; Friedman, Benjamin W

    2014-02-01

    Tension-type headache is highly prevalent in the general population and is a consistent if not frequent cause of visits to acute care settings. Analgesics such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, acetaminophen, and salicylates are considered first-line therapy for treatment of tension-type headache. For patients who present to an acute care setting with persistent tension-type headache despite analgesic therapy, it is not clear which parenteral agent should be administered. We performed a systematic review of the medical literature to determine whether parenteral therapies other than salicylates or nonsteroidals are efficacious for acute tension-type headache. We performed a systematic review of Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, Google scholar, and the Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials from inception through August, 2012 using the search terms "tension-type headache" and "parenteral or subcutaneous or intramuscular or intravenous." Our goal was to identify randomized trials in which one parenteral treatment was compared to another active comparator or to placebo for the acute relief of tension-type headache. Parenteral was defined as intravenous, intramuscular, or subcutaneous administration. We only included studies that distinguished tension-type headache from other primary headache disorders, such as migraine. The primary outcome for this review was measures of efficacy one hour after medication administration. Data abstraction was performed by two authors. Disagreements were resolved by a third author. We assessed the internal validity of trials using the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool. Because of the small number of trials identified, and the substantial heterogeneity among study design and medications, we decided that combining data and reporting summary statistics would serve no useful function. The results of individual studies are presented using Number Needed to Treat (NNT) with 95%CI when dichotomous outcomes were available and

  15. Cadherin adhesion, tissue tension, and noncanonical Wnt signaling regulate fibronectin matrix organization.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dzamba, Bette J; Jakab, Karoly R; Marsden, Mungo; Schwartz, Martin A; DeSimone, Douglas W

    2009-03-01

    In this study we demonstrate that planar cell polarity signaling regulates morphogenesis in Xenopus embryos in part through the assembly of the fibronectin (FN) matrix. We outline a regulatory pathway that includes cadherin adhesion and signaling through Rac and Pak, culminating in actin reorganization, myosin contractility, and tissue tension, which, in turn, directs the correct spatiotemporal localization of FN into a fibrillar matrix. Increased mechanical tension promotes FN fibril assembly in the blastocoel roof (BCR), while reduced BCR tension inhibits matrix assembly. These data support a model for matrix assembly in tissues where cell-cell adhesions play an analogous role to the focal adhesions of cultured cells by transferring to integrins the tension required to direct FN fibril formation at cell surfaces.

  16. Social Pedagogy in South Africa: holding the tension between academia and activism

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Astrid Von Kotze

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available ‘Social pedagogy’ is not a familiar term in South Africa. Instead, everything to do with education outside or beyond schooling is subsumed under ‘adult education’. Community education or alterna- tives are generally known as ‘radical’ or ‘popular’ education’ concerned with social, economic and political transformation. Based on the pedagogy of Paulo Freire and participatory development paradigms these are rooted in the mass democratic struggles against apartheid. This paper is based on extensive research by the authors as participant observers and activists, conducted over many years into university-based adult education on the one hand, and praxis outside academic institutions, on the other. The authors have a his- tory of engagement in worker education, and key elements of education in the non-racial trade union move- ment as one of the most important organised forces of internal political resistance are suggested as informing curricula of university-based adult education.Since 1994 and the change to democracy, adult education departments in universities have increasingly been eroded or disappeared as separate departments or programmes. Like elsewhere in the north, we have witnessed the undermining and increased professionalization and institutionalization of adult education across contexts – and with it a marked reduction in radical outlook and purpose. However, the method- ological approach has remained committed to participation and dialogue, and, with the waning of commu- nity-based students who bring with them extensive experience from the field, there is a consistent emphasis on other, practice-based knowledges through guest educators, and by sending students to design and con- duct research and small interventions, at community level.Popular education outside the university takes numerous forms, and as an 18-month research project has shown, there are still many initiatives that target members of working class

  17. Surface tension effects on vertical upward annular flows in a small diameter pipe

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Sadatomi, Michio, E-mail: sadatomi@mech.kumamoto-u.ac.jp [Dept. of Advanced Mechanical Systems, Kumamoto Univ., 39-1, Kurokami 2-chome, Chuou-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555 (Japan); Kawahara, Akimaro [Dept. of Advanced Mechanical Systems, Kumamoto Univ., 39-1, Kurokami 2-chome, Chuou-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555 (Japan); Suzuki, Aruta [Plant Design & Engineering Dept., Environment, Energy & Plant Headquarters, Hitachi Zosen Corporation, 7-89, Nankokita 1-chome, Suminoe-ku, Osaka, 559-8559 (Japan)

    2016-12-15

    Highlights: • Surface tension effects were clarified on annular flow in a small diameter pipe. • The mean liquid film thickness became thinner with decreasing of surface tension. • The liquid droplet fraction and the interfacial shear stress became higher with it. • New prediction methods for the above parameters were developed and validated. - Abstract: Experiments were conducted to study the surface tension effects on vertical upward annular flows in a 5 mm I.D. pipe using water and low surface tension water with a little surfactant as the test liquid and air as the test gas. Firstly, the experimental results on the mean liquid film thickness, the liquid droplet fraction and the interfacial shear stress in annular flows together with some flow pictures are presented to clarify the surface tension effects. From these, the followings are clarified: In the low surface tension case, the liquid film surface becomes rough, the liquid film thickness thin, the liquid droplet fraction high, and the interfacial shear stress high. Secondary, correlations in literatures for the respective parameters are tested against the present data. The test results show that no correlation for the respective parameters could predict well the present data. Thus, correlations are revised by accounting for the surface tension effects. The results of the experiments, the correlations tests and their revisions mentioned above are presented in the present paper.

  18. Graft fixation with predetermined tension using a new device, the double spike plate.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shino, Konsei; Mae, Tatsuo; Maeda, Akira; Miyama, Takahide; Shinjo, Hirotaka; Kawakami, Hideo

    2002-10-01

    To biomechanically evaluate a new fixation device, DSP (Double Spike Plate; Meira Corp, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan), for pullout graft fixation. Biomechanical study. A porcine tibia in which 8-mm diameter drill holes had been made from the medial tibial metaphysis to the anterior cruciate ligament attachment was rigidly fixed to a tension analyzer. A quadrupled graft consisting of 2 double-looped bovine tendons was prepared with No. 3 polyester sutures placed distally. The graft was passed through the drill hole, and its proximal loop ends were rigidly fixed to a load cell for monitoring graft tension. The graft's distal ends were connected to the DSP by tying the sutures to the top hole in the DSP. The graft tension was predetermined at 49 N (n = 5) or 98 N (n = 5). This tension was maintained for 5 minutes with a suture passed through the bottom hole of the DSP. The plate was fixed to the tibia by hammering its spikes into the bone under the index tension. Finally, the fixation was completed by inserting a screw. Although the graft tension immediately increased to 69 +/- 11 N or 133 +/- 14 N during hammering, it gradually reduced to 49 +/- 10 N or 100 +/- 7 N 5 minutes later. This study shows that graft fixation under a predetermined tension can be achieved with the DSP.

  19. Transient interfacial tension and dilatational rheology of diffuse polymer-polymer interfaces

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Peters, G.W.M.; Zdravkov, A.N.; Meijer, H.E.H.

    2005-01-01

    We demonstrate the influence of molecular weight and molecular weightasymmetry across an interface on the transient behavior of the interfacial tension. The interfacial tension was measured as a function of time for a range of polymer combinations with a broadrange of interfacial properties using a

  20. Lung abscess presenting as tension pyopneumothorax in a gastrointestinal cancer patient.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Okita, Riki; Miyata, Yoshihiro; Hamai, Yoichi; Hihara, Jun; Okada, Morihito

    2014-01-01

    We report a surgical case of tension pyopneumothorax in a patient who was receiving chemotherapy for esophageal cancer. A 68-year-old man who had undergone total gastrectomy with splenectomy for gastric cancer and was receiving chemotherapy for esophageal cancer was presented to our hospital with dyspnea. Left tension pyopneumothorax was diagnosed, and he received left lower lobectomy after pleural drainage. His postoperative course was uneventful, and he is alive without any cancer recurrences 5 years after the lobectomy. Once tension pyopneumothorax has developed from lung abscess, emergent lobectomy may be a useful option to prevent lethal aspiration pneumonia.

  1. Social tension as precursor of large damaging earthquake: legend or reality?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Molchanov, O.

    2008-11-01

    Using case study of earthquake (EQ) activity and war conflicts in Caucasus during 1975 2002 time interval and correlation analysis of global distribution of damaging EQs and war-related social tension during 1901 2005 period we conclude: There is a statistically reliable increase of social tension several years (or several months in case study) before damaging EQs, There is evident decrease of social tension several years after damaging EQs, probably due to society consolidation, Preseismic effect is absent for the large EQs in unpopulated areas, There is some factual background for legendary belief in Almighty retribution for social abnormal behavior.

  2. Tension-type headache

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Bendtsen, Lars; Jensen, Rigmor; Bendtsen, Lars

    2009-01-01

    The substantial societal and individual burdens associated with tension-type headache (TTH) constitute a previously overlooked major public health issue. TTH is prevalent, affecting up to 78% of the general population, and 3% suffer from chronic TTH. Pericranial myofascial nociception probably...... is important for the pathophysiology of episodic TTH, whereas sensitization of central nociceptive pathways seems responsible for the conversion of episodic to chronic TTH. Headache-related disability usually can be reduced by identification of trigger factors combined with nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic...... treatments, but effective treatment modalities are lacking. Benefits can be gained by development of specific and effective treatment strategies....

  3. AUTOGENIC THERAPY IN TENSION HEADACHE

    Science.gov (United States)

    Amruthraj, Brunda; Mishra, H.; Kumaraiah, V.

    1987-01-01

    SUMMARY Ten subjects diagnosed as Psychalgia were taken for study. A multiple baseline design was adapted and clients were subjected to 30 sessions of autogenic training. They were assessed using physiological (EMG and thermal change) and behavioural measures (Visual analogue scale and behavioural symptom checklist). Findings revealed autogenic therapy to be effective in reducing tension headache. PMID:21927245

  4. AUTOGENIC THERAPY IN TENSION HEADACHE

    OpenAIRE

    Amruthraj, Brunda; Mishra, H.; Kumaraiah, V.

    1987-01-01

    SUMMARY Ten subjects diagnosed as Psychalgia were taken for study. A multiple baseline design was adapted and clients were subjected to 30 sessions of autogenic training. They were assessed using physiological (EMG and thermal change) and behavioural measures (Visual analogue scale and behavioural symptom checklist). Findings revealed autogenic therapy to be effective in reducing tension headache.

  5. Static and dynamic testing of a damaged post tensioned concrete beam

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Limongelli M.P.

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available In this paper are reported the results of an experimental campaign carried out on a post tensioned concrete beam with the aim of investigating the possibility to detect early warning signs of deterioration basing on static and/or dynamic tests. The beam was tested in several configurations aimed to reproduce several different phases of the ‘life’ of the beam: the original undamaged state, increasing loss of tension in the post tensioning cables, a strengthening intervention carried out by means of a second tension cable, formation of further cracks on the strengthened beam. Responses of the beam were measured by an extensive set of instruments consisting of accelerometers, inclinometers, displacement transducers, strain gauges and optical fibres. The paper discusses the tests program and the dynamic characterization of the beam in the different damage scenarios. The modal properties of the beam in the different phases were recovered basing on the responses recorded on the beam during sine-sweep and impact hammer tests. The variation of the first modal frequency was studied to investigate the sensitivity of this parameter to both the cracking of the concrete section and the tension in the cables and also to compare results given by different types of experimental tests.

  6. Development and fabrication process for ZnO based varistors for medium voltage arresters 13000 V to 34000 V; Desarrollo y produccion de varistores de ZnO dopados para media tension 13000 V a 34000 V

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Gonzalez Rolon, B.; Ireta Moreno, F. [Facultad de Ingenieria Mecanica, Electrica y Electronica, Universidad de Guanajuato, Salamanca, Guanajuato (Mexico)]. E-mail: barbara@salamanca.ugto.mx; fireta@salamanca.ugto.mx

    2011-04-15

    The fabrication process for ZnO doped varistor blocks with Sb2O3/ Bi2O3 to medium tension of 13000 V to 34000 V, and was optimised in terms of a starting composition and firing temperatures with amounts for Sb2O3/ Bi2O3 ratios of 1.7 by dry pressing, and fired in the temperature 1150 degrees Celsius {+-}2 degrees Celsius. The microstructure characteristics were analysed across the surface of the varistor blocks in order to evaluate their microstructure homogeneity. Their current-voltage I-V and energy handling capabilities were also determined. Characteristics and electrical properties of the varistor blocks are discussed. [Spanish] El proceso de fabricacion para varistores de media tension de 13000 V a 34000 V de ZnO consistio en dopar con Sb2O3, Bi2O3 y optimizarlos en terminos de la composicion de inicio, con una relacion de Sb2O3/Bi2O3 de 1.7, y el uso de aditivos para ceramicas, la temperatura de sinterizado fue de 1150 grados centigrados {+-}2 grados centigrados. Se investigo la homogeneidad de la microestructura. Se determinaron las propiedades electricas mediante la determinacion de la grafica I-V. Las caracteristicas electricas son discutidas.

  7. Depression, automatic thoughts, alexithymia, and assertiveness in patients with tension-type headache.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yücel, Basak; Kora, Kaan; Ozyalçín, Süleyman; Alçalar, Nilüfer; Ozdemir, Ozay; Yücel, Aysen

    2002-03-01

    The role of psychological factors related to headache has long been a focus of investigation. The aim of this study was to evaluate depression, automatic thoughts, alexithymia, and assertiveness in persons with tension-type headache and to compare the results with those from healthy controls. One hundred five subjects with tension-type headache (according to the criteria of the International Headache Society classification) and 70 controls were studied. The Beck Depression Inventory, Automatic Thoughts Scale, Toronto Alexithymia Scale, and Rathus Assertiveness Schedule were administered to both groups. Sociodemographic variables and headache features were evaluated via a semistructured scale. Compared with healthy controls, the subjects with headache had significantly higher scores on measures of depression, automatic thoughts, and alexithymia and lower scores on assertiveness. Subjects with chronic tension-type headache had higher depression and automatic thoughts scores than those with episodic tension-type headache. These findings suggested that persons with tension-type headache have high depression scores and also may have difficulty with expression of their emotions. Headache frequency appears to influence the likelihood of coexisting depression.

  8. Needle Decompression of Tension Pneumothorax with Colorimetric Capnography.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Naik, Nimesh D; Hernandez, Matthew C; Anderson, Jeff R; Ross, Erika K; Zielinski, Martin D; Aho, Johnathon M

    2017-11-01

    The success of needle decompression for tension pneumothorax is variable, and there are no objective measures assessing effective decompression. Colorimetric capnography, which detects carbon dioxide present within the pleural space, may serve as a simple test to assess effective needle decompression. Three swine underwent traumatically induced tension pneumothorax (standard of care, n = 15; standard of care with needle capnography, n = 15). Needle thoracostomy was performed with an 8-cm angiocatheter. Similarly, decompression was performed with the addition of colorimetric capnography. Subjective operator assessment of decompression was recorded and compared with true decompression, using thoracoscopic visualization for both techniques. Areas under receiver operating curves were calculated and pairwise comparison was performed to assess statistical significance (P pneumothorax, that is, the absence of any pathologic/space-occupying lesion, in 100% of cases (10 of 10 attempts). Standard of care needle decompression was detected by operators in 9 of 15 attempts (60%) and was detected in 3 of 10 attempts when tension pneumothorax was not present (30%). True decompression, under direct visualization with thoracoscopy, occurred 15 of 15 times (100%) with capnography, and 12 of 15 times (80%) without capnography. Areas under receiver operating curves were 0.65 for standard of care and 1.0 for needle capnography (P = .002). Needle decompression with colorimetric capnography provides a rapid, effective, and highly accurate method for eliminating operator bias for tension pneumothorax decompression. This may be useful for the treatment of this life-threatening condition. Copyright © 2017 American College of Chest Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  9. Superdualities, brane tensions and massive IIA/IIB duality

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lavrinenko, I.V.; Lue, H.; Pope, C.N.; Stelle, K.S.

    1999-01-01

    The gauge transformations of p-form fields in supergravity theories acquire a non-commuting character when one introduces potentials both for the theory's original field strengths and for their duals. This has previously been shown in the 'doubled' formalism for maximal supergravities, where a generalised duality relation between original and dual field strengths replaces the equations of motion. In the doubled formalism, the gauge transformations generate a superalgebra, and the corresponding symmetries have accordingly been called 'superdualities'. The corresponding Noether charges form a representation of the cohomology ring on the space-time manifold. In this paper, we show that the gauge symmetry superalgebra implies certain non-trivial relations among the various p-brane tensions, which can straightforwardly be read off from the superalgebra commutation relations. This provides an elegant derivation of the brane-tension relations purely within a given theory, without the need to make use of duality relations between different theories, such as the type IIA/IIB T-duality, although the results are consistent with such dualities. We present the complete set of brane-tension relations in M-theory, in the type IIA and type IIB theories, and in all the lower-dimensional maximal supergravities. We also construct a doubled formalism for massive type IIA supergravity, and this enables us to obtain the brane-tension relations involving the D8-brane, purely within the framework of the massive IIA theory. We also obtain explicit transformations for the nine-dimensional T-duality between the massive type IIA theory and the Scherk-Schwarz reduced type IIB theory

  10. The Tension-Stiffening Contribution of NSM CFRP to the Behavior of Strengthened RC Beams

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ahmad Azim Shukri

    2015-07-01

    Full Text Available Tension stiffening is a characteristic behavior of reinforced concrete (RC beams which is directly affected by the bond-slip property of steel bar and concrete interfaces. A beam strengthened with a near-surface mounted (NSM technique would be even more affected by tension stiffening, as the NSM reinforcement also possess a bond-slip property. Yet assessing how much the tension stiffening of NSM contributes to the behavior of RC beams is difficult due to the fact that bond-slip effects cannot be directly incorporated into a strain-based moment-curvature analysis. As such, the tension stiffening is typically incorporated through various empirical formulations, which can require a great deal of testing and calibrations to be done. In this paper a relatively new method, which can be called the mechanics-based segmental approach, is used to directly simulate the tension stiffening effect of NSM reinforcements on RC beams, without the need for empirical formulations to indirectly simulate the tension stiffening. Analysis shows that the tension stiffening of NSM fiber reinforced polymer (FRP contributes a significant portion to the stiffness and strength of the strengthened RC beam not only during serviceability, but at all load levels.

  11. The Tension-Stiffening Contribution of NSM CFRP to the Behavior of Strengthened RC Beams.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shukri, Ahmad Azim; Darain, Kh Mahfuz Ud; Jumaat, Mohd Zamin

    2015-07-08

    Tension stiffening is a characteristic behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) beams which is directly affected by the bond-slip property of steel bar and concrete interfaces. A beam strengthened with a near-surface mounted (NSM) technique would be even more affected by tension stiffening, as the NSM reinforcement also possess a bond-slip property. Yet assessing how much the tension stiffening of NSM contributes to the behavior of RC beams is difficult due to the fact that bond-slip effects cannot be directly incorporated into a strain-based moment-curvature analysis. As such, the tension stiffening is typically incorporated through various empirical formulations, which can require a great deal of testing and calibrations to be done. In this paper a relatively new method, which can be called the mechanics-based segmental approach, is used to directly simulate the tension stiffening effect of NSM reinforcements on RC beams, without the need for empirical formulations to indirectly simulate the tension stiffening. Analysis shows that the tension stiffening of NSM fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) contributes a significant portion to the stiffness and strength of the strengthened RC beam not only during serviceability, but at all load levels.

  12. Normal tension glaucoma and Alzheimer disease

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Bach-Holm, Daniella; Kessing, Svend Vedel; Mogensen, Ulla Brasch

    2012-01-01

    Purpose: To investigate whether normal tension glaucoma (NTG) is associated with increased risk of developing dementia/Alzheimer disease (AD). Methods: A total of 69 patients with NTG were identified in the case note files in the Glaucoma Clinic, University Hospital of Copenhagen (Rigshospitalet...

  13. Tension-induced vesicle fusion: pathways and pore dynamics

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Shillcock, Julian C.

    2008-01-01

    and eventually opens a pore to complete the fusion process. In pathway II, at higher tension, a stalk is formed during the fusion process that is then transformed by transmembrane pore formation into a fusion pore. Whereas the latter pathway II resembles stalk pathways as observed in other simulation studies......, fusion pathway I, which does not involve any stalk formation, has not been described previously to the best of our knowledge. A statistical analysis of the various processes shows that fusion is the dominant pathway for releasing the tension of the vesicles. The functional dependence of the observed...

  14. Numerical tension adjustment of x-ray membrane to represent goat skin kompang

    Science.gov (United States)

    Siswanto, Waluyo Adi; Abdullah, Muhammad Syiddiq Bin

    2017-04-01

    This paper presents a numerical membrane model of traditional musical instrument kompang that will be used to find the parameter of membrane tension of x-ray membrane representing the classical goat-skin membrane of kompang. In this study, the experiment towards the kompang is first conducted in an acoustical anechoic enclosure and in parallel a mathematical model of the kompang membrane is developed to simulate the vibration of the kompang membrane in polar coordinate by implementing Fourier-Bessel wave function. The wave equation in polar direction in mode 0,1 is applied to provide the corresponding natural frequencies of the circular membrane. The value of initial and boundary conditions in the function is determined from experiment to allow the correct development of numerical equation. The numerical mathematical model is coded in SMath for the accurate numerical analysis as well as the plotting tool. Two kompang membrane cases with different membrane materials, i.e. goat skin and x-ray film membranes with fixed radius of 0.1 m are used in the experiment. An alternative of kompang's membrane made of x-ray film with the appropriate tension setting can be used to represent the sound of traditional goat-skin kompang. The tension setting of the membrane to resemble the goat-skin is 24N. An effective numerical tool has been develop to help kompang maker to set the tension of x-ray membrane. In the future application, any tradional kompang with different size can be replaced by another membrane material if the tension is set to the correct tension value. The developed numerical tool is useful and handy to calculate the tension of the alternative membrane material.

  15. Nonlinear analysis of reinforced concrete beam with/without tension stiffening effect

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Dede, T.; Ayvaz, Y.

    2009-01-01

    The aim of this paper is to do materially nonlinear failure analysis of RC beam by using finite element method. In the finite element modeling, two different approaches and different tension stress-strain models with/without tension stiffening effect are used by considering two different mesh sizes. In the first approach, the material matrices of concrete and reinforcement are constructed separately, and then superimposed to obtain the element stiffness matrix. In the second approach, the reinforcement is assumed to be uniformly distributed throughout the beam. So, the beam is modeled as a single composite element with increasing the modulus of elasticity of concrete by considering the reinforcement ratio. For these two approaches, elastic-perfectly plastic stress-strain relationship is used for concrete in compression. For the concrete in tension, a stress-strain relationship with/without tension stiffening is used. It is concluded that the approaches and the models considered in this study can be effectively used in the materially nonlinear analysis of RC beams.

  16. Membrane tension controls adhesion positioning at the leading edge of cells.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pontes, Bruno; Monzo, Pascale; Gole, Laurent; Le Roux, Anabel-Lise; Kosmalska, Anita Joanna; Tam, Zhi Yang; Luo, Weiwei; Kan, Sophie; Viasnoff, Virgile; Roca-Cusachs, Pere; Tucker-Kellogg, Lisa; Gauthier, Nils C

    2017-09-04

    Cell migration is dependent on adhesion dynamics and actin cytoskeleton remodeling at the leading edge. These events may be physically constrained by the plasma membrane. Here, we show that the mechanical signal produced by an increase in plasma membrane tension triggers the positioning of new rows of adhesions at the leading edge. During protrusion, as membrane tension increases, velocity slows, and the lamellipodium buckles upward in a myosin II-independent manner. The buckling occurs between the front of the lamellipodium, where nascent adhesions are positioned in rows, and the base of the lamellipodium, where a vinculin-dependent clutch couples actin to previously positioned adhesions. As membrane tension decreases, protrusion resumes and buckling disappears, until the next cycle. We propose that the mechanical signal of membrane tension exerts upstream control in mechanotransduction by periodically compressing and relaxing the lamellipodium, leading to the positioning of adhesions at the leading edge of cells. © 2017 Pontes et al.

  17. Evaluation on Dorsey Method in Surface Tension Measurement of Solder Liquids Containing Surfactants

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhao, Xingke; Xie, Feiming; Fan, Jinsheng; Liu, Dayong; Huang, Jihua; Chen, Shuhai

    2018-06-01

    With the purpose of developing a feasible approach for measuring the surface tension of solders containing surfactants, the surface tension of Sn-3Ag-0.5Cu-xP solder alloys, with various drop sizes as well as different phosphorus (P) content, was evaluated using the Dorsey method based on the sessile drop test. The results show that the accuracy of the surface tension calculations depends on both of sessile drop size and the liquid metal composition. With a proper drop size, in the range of 4.5 mm to 5.3 mm in equivalent spherical diameters, the deviation of the surface tension calculation can be limited to 1.43 mN·m-1 and 6.30 mN·m-1 for SnAgCu and SnAgCu-P, respectively. The surface tension of SnAgCu-xP solder alloys decreases quickly to a minimum value when the P content reaches 0.5 wt% and subsequently increases slowly with the P content further increasing. The formation of a P-enriched surface layer and Sn4P3 intermetallic phases is regarded to be responsible for the decreasing and subsequent increasing of surface tension, respectively.

  18. Inflation and late-time acceleration in braneworld cosmological models with varying brane tension

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wong, K.C.; Cheng, K.S.; Harko, T.

    2010-01-01

    Braneworld models with variable brane tension λ introduce a new degree of freedom that allows for evolving gravitational and cosmological constants, the latter being a natural candidate for dark energy. We consider a thermodynamic interpretation of the varying brane tension models, by showing that the field equations with variable λ can be interpreted as describing matter creation in a cosmological framework. The particle creation rate is determined by the variation rate of the brane tension, as well as by the brane-bulk energy-matter transfer rate. We investigate the effect of a variable brane tension on the cosmological evolution of the Universe, in the framework of a particular model in which the brane tension is an exponentially dependent function of the scale factor. The resulting cosmology shows the presence of an initial inflationary expansion, followed by a decelerating phase, and by a smooth transition towards a late accelerated de Sitter type expansion. The varying brane tension is also responsible for the generation of the matter in the Universe (reheating period). The physical constraints on the model parameters, resulting from the observational cosmological data, are also investigated. (orig.)

  19. Field Evaluation of the System Identification Approach for Tension Estimation of External Tendons

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Myung-Hyun Noh

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Various types of external tendons are considered to verify the applicability of tension estimation method based on the finite element model with system identification technique. The proposed method is applied to estimate the tension of benchmark numerical example, model structure, and field structure. The numerical and experimental results show that the existing methods such as taut string theory and linear regression method show large error in the estimated tension when the condition of external tendon is different with the basic assumption used during the derivation of relationship between tension and natural frequency. However, the proposed method gives reasonable results for all of the considered external tendons in this study. Furthermore, the proposed method can evaluate the accuracy of estimated tension indirectly by comparing the measured and calculated natural frequencies. Therefore, the proposed method can be effectively used for field application of various types of external tendons.

  20. Hijos de la patria: tensiones y pasiones de la inclusión en la nación Argentina entre los afroporteños a fines del siglo XIX

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lea Geler

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available En este trabajo se abordarán algunas instancias por las que, a finales del siglo XIX, los afroporteños se integraban en la Nación Argentina que se construía como homogénea, blanca y europea; así como las luchas y tensiones que este proceso generaba. Enmarcado en la antropología histórica, el objetivo es realizar un contrapunto entre dos procesos considerados relevantes: su participación en las milicias y su participación electoral. Veremos cómo en ambas situaciones, en las que se descubre el posicionamiento de los afroporteños como agentes históricos de fundamental importancia, se ponían en juego, tanto con tensión como con pasión, la lealtad a la patria, el compromiso político y la posibilidad de ascenso social, frente a la oportunidad de un reconocimiento particularizado al interior del Estado -reclamado por muchos. Para ello, se analizarán algunos de los periódicos afroporteños de finales del siglo XIX, así como otras fuentes de la época.This paper addresses some of the instances by which late nineteenth century afroporteños were integrated into the so-called homogeneous, modern and white Argentine Nation, as well as the struggles and tensions these processes generated. From a historical-anthropological approach, a counterpoint between two relevant processes is presented: their participation in the militia and in the electoral struggles. In both situations, we discover how afroporteños positioned themselves as agents of fundamental historical importance. We also note how they expressed- although with tension and passion- loyalty to the homeland, political commitment and the possibility of social upgrading, facing the opportunity of a particular recognition within the state -something many asked for. In order to achieve this objective, late nineteenth century afroporteño newspapers, together with contemporary sources will be analyzed.

  1. Managing Tensions And Forging Creative Synergies Between ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Managing Tensions And Forging Creative Synergies Between Indigenous And Modern Settlement Planning Concepts And Practices: Lessons For The Design And Planning For Sustainable Settlements And Built-Forms In Southern Africa.

  2. Guidelines for controlled trials of drugs in tension-type headache: second edition

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Bendtsen, L; Bigal, M E; Cerbo, R

    2010-01-01

    and chronic tension-type headache have been published, providing new information on trial methodology for this disorder. Furthermore, the classification of the headaches, including tension-type headache, has been revised. These developments support the need for also revising the guidelines for drug treatments......The Clinical Trials Subcommittee of the International Headache Society published its first edition of the guidelines on controlled trials of drugs in tension-type headache in 1995. These aimed 'to improve the quality of controlled clinical trials in tension-type headache', because 'good quality...... controlled trials are the only way to convincingly demonstrate the efficacy of a drug, and form the basis for international agreement on drug therapy'. The Committee published similar guidelines for clinical trials in migraine and cluster headache. Since 1995 several studies on the treatment of episodic...

  3. Indentation of a floating elastic sheet: geometry versus applied tension.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Box, Finn; Vella, Dominic; Style, Robert W; Neufeld, Jerome A

    2017-10-01

    The localized loading of an elastic sheet floating on a liquid bath occurs at scales from a frog sitting on a lily pad to a volcano supported by the Earth's tectonic plates. The load is supported by a combination of the stresses within the sheet (which may include applied tensions from, for example, surface tension) and the hydrostatic pressure in the liquid. At the same time, the sheet deforms, and may wrinkle, because of the load. We study this problem in terms of the (relatively weak) applied tension and the indentation depth. For small indentation depths, we find that the force-indentation curve is linear with a stiffness that we characterize in terms of the applied tension and bending stiffness of the sheet. At larger indentations, the force-indentation curve becomes nonlinear and the sheet is subject to a wrinkling instability. We study this wrinkling instability close to the buckling threshold and calculate both the number of wrinkles at onset and the indentation depth at onset, comparing our theoretical results with experiments. Finally, we contrast our results with those previously reported for very thin, highly bendable membranes.

  4. Mechanical Behavior of BFRP-Steel Composite Plate under Axial Tension

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yunyu Li

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available Combining the advantages of basalt fiber-reinforced polymer (BFRP material and steel material, a novel BFRP-steel composite plate (BSP is proposed, where a steel plate is sandwiched between two outer BFRP laminates. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the mechanical behavior of the proposed BSP under uniaxial tension and cyclic tension. Four groups of BSP specimens with four different BFRP layers and one control group of steel plate specimens were prepared. A uniaxial tensile test and a cyclic tensile test were conducted to determine the initial elastic modulus, postyield stiffness, yield strength, ultimate bearing capacity and residual deformation. Test results indicated that the stress-strain curve of the BSP specimen was bilinear prior to the fracture of the outer BFRP, and the BSP specimen had stable postyield stiffness and small residual deformation after the yielding of the inner steel plate. The postyield modulus of BSP specimens increased almost linearly with the increasing number of outer BFRP layers, as well as the ultimate bearing capacity. Moreover, the predicted results from the selected models under both monotonic tension and cyclic tension were in good agreement with the experimental data.

  5. WORRY, ANXIETY AND TENSION — IMPORTANCE ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Enrique

    cognitive. Tension: Increased and unpleasant motor and psychological activity or a state of mental or ... MRC Research Unit on Anxiety and Stress. Disorders ... and brain imaging. Worry ... serve an adaptive function to the daily challenges of our environment. ... connection to physical symptoms ... Experience-conditioning.

  6. The Effect of Pre-Tension on Deformation Behaviour of Natural Fabric Reinforced Composite

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paulė BEKAMPIENĖ

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available In the fiber-reinforced composites industry together with the promotion of environmental friendly production, synthetic materials are attempted to be replaced by renewable, biodegradable and recyclable materials. The most important challenge is to improve strength and durability of these materials. Matrix that supports the fiber-reinforcement in composite generally is brittle and deformation causes fragmentation of the matrix. Pre-tension of reinforcement is a well-known method to increase tensile strength of woven material. The current study develops the idea to use pre-tension of woven fabric in order to improve quality and strength properties of the obtained composite. Natural (cotton fiber and synthetic (glass fiber woven fabrics were investigated. The pressure forming operation was carried out in order to study clamping imposed strain variation across the surface of woven fabric. The uniaxial tension test of single-layer composite specimens with and without pre-tension was performed to study the effect of pre-tension on strength properties of composite. The results have shown that pre-tension imposed by clamping is an effective method to improve the quality of shaped composite parts (more smoothed contour is obtained and to increase the strength properties of composite reinforced by woven natural fabric. After pre-tension the tensile strength at break increased in 12 % in warp direction, in 58 % in weft direction and in 39 % in bias direction.http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.17.1.250

  7. Strand Tension Control in Anchor Span for Suspension Bridge Using Dynamic Balance Theory

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Da Wang

    Full Text Available Abstract Strand tension control is essential in suspension bridge safety. However, few quantitative studies have examined the bending rigidity and boundary condition behavior of strands in the anchor span of suspension bridges because of their special structure and complex configuration. In this paper, a new calculation method for strand tension is explored by using dynamic balance theory to determine the effect of bending rigidity and boundary conditions. The accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method are tested and confirmed with verification examples and application on Nanxi Yangtze Suspension Bridge in China. The results indicated that only low-order frequency calculation could be used to calculate the strand tension without considering the effect of bending rigidity to ensure control accuracy. The influence of bending rigidity on the control precision is related to the tension and the length of the strands, which is significantly determined by the specific value between the stress rigidity and the bending rigidity. The uncertain boundary conditions of the anchor span cable, which are fixed between consolidated and hinged, also have a major effect on the control accuracy. To improve the accuracy of strand tension control, the least squares method is proposed during the tension construction control of the anchor span. This approach can significantly improve the accuracy of the tension control of the main cable strand. Some recommendations for future bridge analysis are provided based on the results of this study.

  8. Efectos secundarios del implante etonogestrel en mujeres en edad fértil atendidas en el Subcentro de San Antonio, 2014

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maritza Marisol Álvarez Moreno

    2017-05-01

    Full Text Available Introducción. El Implante de Etonogestrel es un método anticonceptivo, que ofrece a las usuarias alta eficacia anticonceptiva del 99%, en un periodo de tres años; es seguro, cómodo y accesible. Los efectos secundarios que se describen son: irregularidades del ciclo menstrual, cefalea, náuseas, aumento de peso; siendo estos la razón para no continuar utilizando este método anticonceptivo. Objetivo. Identificar los efectos secundarios del Implante de Etonogestrel, usado como método anticonceptivo seleccionado en mujeres en edad fértil. Material y Método. Este es un estudio de; revisión documentada, de campo, cualicuantitativo, retrospectivo y transversal. La muestra es de 112 usuarias. A 60 usuarias se les aplico una encuesta validada, así como a los profesionales que laboran en la unidad, con la finalidad de identificar como se brinda la consejería respecto a este dispositivo. Conclusión. Las características de las usuarias que fueron incluidas en nuestro estudio, no influyen significativamente en la percepción de efectos secundarios, no se puede identificar que la aparición de los efectos como son: irregularidades en el ciclo menstrual, cefalea, aumento de peso, irritabilidad, náuseas y disminución del libido, además se plantea la importancia de la atención a controles subsecuentes en donde la misma no se está aplicando.

  9. Robust Tension Control of Strip for 5-Stand Tandem Cold Mills

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Behrooz Shafiei

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Tandem cold rolling process is a nonlinear complex system with external and internal uncertainties and significant disturbances. The improvement in the quality of the final output depends on the control strategy of centerline thickness and interstand tension. This paper focuses on interstand tension control problem in 5-stand tandem cold rolling mills. Tension dynamics can be described by a nominal model perturbed by parametric uncertainties. In order to overcome the model uncertainties and external disturbances, suboptimal H∞ and μ controllers are proposed and the Hankel-norm approximation is used to reduce the order of μ controller. The performance of the proposed controllers is demonstrated by some simulations.

  10. [Case of tension pneumothorax associated with asthma attack during general anesthesia].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Komasawa, Nobuyasu; Ueki, Ryusuke; Kusuyama, Kazuki; Okano, Yukari; Tatara, Tsuneo; Tashiro, Chikara

    2010-05-01

    We report a case of tension pneumothorax associated with asthma attack during general anesthesia. An 86-year-old woman with dementia underwent cataract surgery under general anesthesia. At 70 min after the start of operation, airway pressure suddenly increased from 19 to 28 cm HO2O. In spite of bag ventilation with 100% oxygen, Sp(O2) decreased to 81%. Chest-Xp showed typical image of tension pneumothorax. Chest drainage was immediately performed, after which Pa(O2) recovered soon. She was extubated on postoperative day 1 without any neurological disorder. Hyperinflation of fragile alveoli by mechanical ventilation was likely a cause of tension pneumothorax.

  11. Why Clothes Don't Fall Apart: Tension Transmission in Staple Yarns

    Science.gov (United States)

    Warren, Patrick B.; Ball, Robin C.; Goldstein, Raymond E.

    2018-04-01

    The problem of how staple yarns transmit tension is addressed within abstract models in which the Amontons-Coulomb friction laws yield a linear programing (LP) problem for the tensions in the fiber elements. We find there is a percolation transition such that above the percolation threshold the transmitted tension is in principle unbounded. We determine that the mean slack in the LP constraints is a suitable order parameter to characterize this supercritical state. We argue the mechanism is generic, and in practical terms, it corresponds to a switch from a ductile to a brittle failure mode accompanied by a significant increase in mechanical strength.

  12. Z(2) vortices and the SU(2) string tension

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Goepfert, M.

    1981-01-01

    Topologically determined Z(2) variables in pure SU(2) lattice gauge theory are discussed. They count the number of 'vortex souls'. The high temperature expansion for the corresponding Z(2) loops is examined. They obey an area law. The coefficient of the area is shown to be equal to the string tension to all orders of the high temperature expansion. This shows that the string tension is determined by the probability distribution of the vortex souls, at least in the high temperature region. The dependence of the string tension α(β,h) on an external field h that is coupled to the Z(2) field strength is calculated to lowest order of the high temperature expansion. In this approximation, α(β,h) is determined by the free energy of a 2-dimensional Ising model in an external magnetic field 1/2log(β/4tanhh) at an inverse temperature 1/2log3/4π = 0.429. (orig.)

  13. Microdamage in polycrystalline ceramics under dynamic compression and tension

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zhang, K.S.; Zhang, D.; Feng, R.; Wu, M.S.

    2005-01-01

    In-grain microplasticity and intergranular microdamage in polycrystalline hexagonal-structure ceramics subjected to a sequence of dynamic compression and tension are studied computationally using the Voronoi polycrystal model, by which the topological heterogeneity and material anisotropy of the crystals are simulated explicitly. The constitutive modeling considers crystal plasticity by basal slip, intergranular shear damage during compression, and intergranular mode-I cracking during tension. The model parameters are calibrated with the available shock compression and spall strength data on polycrystalline α-6H silicon carbide. The numerical results show that microplasticity is a more plausible micromechanism for the inelastic response of the material under shock compression. On the other hand, the spallation behavior of the shocked material can be well predicted by intergranular mode-I microcracking during load reversal from dynamic compression to tension. The failure process and the resulting spall strength are, however, affected strongly by the intensity of local release heterogeneity induced by heterogeneous microplasticity, and by the grain-boundary shear damage during compression

  14. Spontaneous oscillation of tension and sarcomere length in skeletal myofibrils. Microscopic measurement and analysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Anazawa, T; Yasuda, K; Ishiwata, S

    1992-05-01

    We have devised a simple method for measuring tension development of single myofibrils by micromanipulation with a pair of glass micro-needles. The tension was estimated from the deflection of a flexible needle under an inverted phase-contrast microscope equipped with an image processor, so that the tension development is always accompanied by the shortening of the myofibril (auxotonic condition) in the present setup. The advantage of this method is that the measurement of tension (1/30 s for time resolution and about 0.05 micrograms for accuracy of tension measurement; 0.05 microns as a spatial resolution for displacement of the micro-needle) and the observation of sarcomere structure are possible at the same time, and the technique to hold myofibrils, even single myofibrils, is very simple. This method has been applied to study the tension development of glycerinated skeletal myofibrils under the condition where spontaneous oscillation of sarcomeres is induced, i.e., the coexistence of MgATP, MgADP and inorganic phosphate without free Ca2+. Under this condition, we found that the tension of myofibrils spontaneously oscillates accompanied by the oscillation of sarcomere length with a main period of a few seconds; the period was lengthened and shortened with stretch and release of myofibrils. A possible mechanism of the oscillation is discussed.

  15. Interfacial tensions of binary mixtures of ethanol with octane, decane, dodecane, and tetradecane

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mejia, Andres; Cartes, Marcela; Segura, Hugo

    2011-01-01

    Highlights: → Experimental interfacial tensions in binary mixtures with aneotropic behavior. → Experimental interfacial tensions for ethanol + hydrocarbon mixtures. → Aneotropic displacement in ethanol mixtures. - Abstract: This contribution is devoted to the experimental characterization of interfacial tensions of a representative group of binary mixtures pertaining to the (ethanol + linear hydrocarbon) series (i.e. octane, decane, dodecane, and tetradecane). Experimental measurements were isothermically performed using a maximum differential bubble pressure technique, which was applied over the whole mole fraction range and over the temperature range 298.15 K < T/K < 318.15 K. Experimental results show that the interfacial tensions of (ethanol + octane or decane) negatively deviate from the linear behavior and that sharp minimum points on concentration, or aneotropes, are observed for each isotherm. The interfacial tensions of (ethanol + dodecane or tetradecane), in turn, are characterized by combined deviations from the linear behavior, and inflecting behavior observed on concentration for each isotherm. The experimental evidence also shows that these latter mixtures are close to exhibit aneotropy. For the case of (ethanol + octane or decane) mixtures, aneotropy was clearly induced by the similarity of the interfacial tension values of the constituents. The inflecting behavior of the interfacial tensions of (ethanol + dodecane or tetradecane), in turn, was observed in the vicinity of the coordinates of the critical point of these mixtures, thus pointing to the fact that the quasi-aneotropic singularity that affects these mixtures was provoked by the proximity of an immiscibility gap of the liquid phase. Finally, the experimental data of interfacial tensions were smoothed with the Scott-Myers expansion, from which it is possible to conclude that the observed aneotropic concentrations weakly depend on temperature for all the analyzed mixtures.

  16. Spreading of oil on water in the surface-tension regime

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Camp, D.W.; Berg, J.C.

    1987-11-01

    Data which describe the unidirectional spreading of several pure oils and oil-surfactant mixtures on water in the surface-tension regime are reported. Leading-edge position and profiles of velocity, thickness and film tension are given as functions of time. The data are consistent with the numerical similarity solution of Foda and Cox (1980), although the measured dependence of the film tension on the film thickness often differs from the equilibrium relationship. The configuration of the oil film near the spreading origin may be either a coherent multimolecular layer or a multitude of thinning, outward-moving lenses surrounded by monolayer. The pure oils show an acceleration zone connecting the slow-moving inner region to a fast-moving outer region, while the oil-surfactant mixtures show a much more gradual increase in film velocity.

  17. Tourniquet pressures: strap width and tensioning system widths.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wall, Piper L; Coughlin, Ohmar; Rometti, Mary; Birkholz, Sarah; Gildemaster, Yvonne; Grulke, Lisa; Sahr, Sheryl; Buising, Charisse M

    2014-01-01

    Pressure distribution over tourniquet width is a determinant of pressure needed for arterial occlusion. Different width tensioning systems could result in arterial occlusion pressure differences among nonelastic strap designs of equal width. Ratcheting Medical Tourniquets (RMTs; m2 inc., http://www.ratcheting buckles.com) with a 1.9 cm-wide (Tactical RMT) or 2.3 cm-wide (Mass Casualty RMT) ladder were directly compared (16 recipients, 16 thighs and 16 upper arms for each tourniquetx2). Then, RMTs were retrospectively compared with the windlass Combat Application Tourniquet (C-A-T ["CAT"], http://combattourniquet.com) with a 2.5 cm-wide internal tensioning strap. Pressure was measured with an air-filled No. 1 neonatal blood pressure cuff under each 3.8 cm-wide tourniquet. RMT circumferential pressure distribution was not uniform. Tactical RMT pressures were not higher, and there were no differences between the RMTs in the effectiveness, ease of use ("97% easy"), or discomfort. However, a difference did occur regarding tooth skipping of the pawl during ratchet advancement: it occurred in 1 of 64 Tactical RMT applications versus 27 of 64 Mass Casualty RMT applications. CAT and RMT occlusion pressures were frequently over 300 mmHg. RMT arm occlusion pressures (175-397 mmHg), however, were lower than RMT thigh occlusion pressures (197-562 mmHg). RMT effectiveness was better with 99% reached occlusion and 1% lost occlusion over 1 minute versus the CAT with 95% reached occlusion and 28% lost occlusion over 1 minute. RMT muscle tension changes (up to 232 mmHg) and pressure losses over 1 minute (24±11 mmHg arm under strap to 40±12 mmHg thigh under ladder) suggest more occlusion losses may have occurred if tourniquet duration was extended. The narrower tensioning system Tactical RMT has better performance characteristics than the Mass Casualty RMT. The 3.8 cm-wide RMTs have some pressure and effectiveness similarities and differences compared with the CAT. Clinically

  18. Current and emerging concepts in muscle tension dysphonia: a 30-month review.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Altman, Kenneth W; Atkinson, Cory; Lazarus, Cathy

    2005-06-01

    The modern theory of hoarseness is that there are multifactorial etiologies contributing to the voice problem. The hypothesis of this study is that muscle tension dysphonia is multifactorial with various contributing etiologies. This project is a retrospective chart review of all patients seen in the Voice Speech and Language Service and Swallowing Center at our institution with a diagnosis of muscle tension (functional hypertensive) dysphonia over a 30-month period. A literature search and review is also performed regarding current and emerging concepts of muscle tension dysphonia. One hundred fifty subjects were identified (60% female, 40% male, with a mean age of 42.3 years). Significant factors in patient history believed to contribute to abnormal voice production were gastroesophageal reflux in 49%, high stress levels in 18%, excessive amounts of voice use in 63%, and excessive loudness demands on voice use in 23%. Otolaryngologic evaluation was performed in 82% of patients, in whom lesions, significant vocal fold edema, or paralysis/paresis was identified in 52.3%. Speech pathology assessment revealed poor breath support, inappropriately low pitch, and visible cervical neck tension in the majority of patients. Inappropriate intensity was observed in 23.3% of patients. This set of multiple contributing factors is discussed in the context of current and emerging understanding of muscle tension dysphonia. Results confirm multifactorial etiologies contributing to hoarseness in the patients identified with muscle tension dysphonia. An interdisciplinary approach to treating all contributing factors portends the best prognosis.

  19. Early Maladaptive Schemas in Patients with and without Migraine and Tension Headaches

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ebrahim Rezaei Dogaheh

    2015-12-01

    Methods:  The present study was of cross sectional and correlational studies. The measures included  Headache Disability Inventory and Young Early Maladaptive Schemas Questionnaire (Short Form. The  population of the study was Tehran adult patients with migraine and tension headache aged 18 to 55  years. The final study sample included 69 participants with migraine or tension headaches and 86 non- clinical samples of both genders. After referring by psychiatrists, they were selected by convenient and  targeted sampling. The two groups were matched based on sex and education. Results: Migraine and tension headache sufferers and non-clinical participants were significantly  different in 9 schemas including Emotional deprivation, Abandonment/instability, Mistrust/abuse, Social  isolation/alienation, Failure to achieve, Enmeshment/Undeveloped Self, Subjugation, Self-sacrifice and  Emotional inhibition. In addition, a series of EMSs could significantly predict 61 percent of the total  change in position of tension headaches or migraine group correctly. Discussion: It seems that EMSs are important factors influencing migraine and tension headaches. The  recognition and manipulation of these schemas along with other medical therapies can result in reducing  the symptoms of the disorder. 

  20. Trombosis venosa subclavia asociada a electrodo de marcapasos y síndrome de la plaqueta pegajosa

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carolina Ocampo-Salgado

    2018-03-01

    Full Text Available Resumen: El síndrome de la plaqueta pegajosa en un trastorno cualitativo plaquetario en el que bajas concentraciones de epinefrina y adenosina difosfato producen hiperagregabilidad plaquetaria considerable. Se ha especulado mucho sobre la etiología de este trastorno sin que sean claros sus mecanismos fisiopatológicos. Desde el punto de vista clínico, se asocia a trombosis arteriales y venosas recurrentes en pacientes jóvenes, pérdidas gestacionales, otras complicaciones obstétricas y cefalea recurrente.En la literatura se ha descrito su presentación familiar, lo que hace sospechar su comportamiento hereditario autosómico dominante; también se ha reportado un fenotipo adquirido de la enfermedad en algunas poblaciones especiales como pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica en terapia de reemplazo renal o posterior al trasplante renal y en pacientes con cuadros inflamatorios o inmunosupresión. Se expone el caso de una paciente con antecedente de cefalea de difícil manejo, síndrome hipertensivo asociado al embarazo y mortinato, con síndrome del nodo enfermo y disautonomía manejadas con implantación de marcapasos definitivo bicameral con sensor CLS, que desarrolló trombosis de la vena subclavia, asociada al electrodo de marcapasos, recurrente a pesar de anticoagulación con warfarina y rivaroxabán e incluso a pesar de antiagregación con ácido acetilsalicílico, con posterior diagnóstico de síndrome de la plaqueta pegajosa. Abstract: Sticky platelet syndrome is a qualitative platelet disorder in which low concentrations of adrenaline and adenosine diphosphate produce considerable platelet hyperaggregability. There has been much speculation on the origin of this disorder as its pathophysiological mechanisms of action are not yet clear. From a clinical point of view, it is associated with recurrent arterial and venous thrombosis in young patients, miscarriages, other obstetric complications and recurrent headaches.Its familial

  1. Surface tension and related thermodynamic parameters of alcohols using the Traube stalagmometer

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Dilmohamud, B A; Seeneevassen, J; Rughooputh, S D D V; Ramasami, P

    2005-01-01

    An apparatus was devised using the Traube Stalagmometer for the determination of the surface tension of the alcohols methanol, ethanol, propan-1-ol and butan-1-ol. Measurements were made under atmospheric pressure at temperatures between 288.15 K and 313.15 K. The surface tension values were correlated with temperature and surface thermodynamic parameters, namely surface entropy and surface enthalpy, were also calculated. The results obtained are in agreement with the literature and they are promising for the use of this low cost arrangement for accurate measurement of surface tension. Surface tension values were obtained with a maximum error of 0.5 mN m -1 and a maximum standard deviation of 0.8 mN m -1 . We recommend this arrangement for students in advanced university courses and it can also be used for research work

  2. About the choice of tension for canvas paintings

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Antonio Iaccarino Idelson

    2009-10-01

    Full Text Available The choice of the value of tension for a canvas painting is crucial for its future life, but tradition has handed us methods based on intuition that do not allow us comparing the results of different choices. Since the 1950es it is possible to measure the force used for stretching a painting, but this is very rarely done. This paper describes the evolution of the approach to the problem and points out the results of recent research and changes in attitude.Le choix de la valeur de tension pour une peinture sur toile est crucial pour sa future conservation, mais la tradition nous a transmis des méthodes fondées sur l’intuition qui ne nous permettent pas de comparer les effets des différents choix. Depuis les années 1950 il est possible de mesurer la force de tension choisie pour une peinture, mais ce la est fait très rarement. Cet article décrit l’évolution de l’approche à ce problème et souligne les résultats de récents recherches et changements d’attitude.      

  3. An Approach to Evaluate Stability for Cable-Based Parallel Camera Robots with Hybrid Tension-Stiffness Properties

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Huiling Wei

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available This paper focuses on studying the effect of cable tensions and stiffness on the stability of cable-based parallel camera robots. For this purpose, the tension factor and the stiffness factor are defined, and the expression of stability is deduced. A new approach is proposed to calculate the hybrid-stability index with the minimum cable tension and the minimum singular value. Firstly, the kinematic model of a cable-based parallel camera robot is established. Based on the model, the tensions are solved and a tension factor is defined. In order to obtain the tension factor, an optimization of the cable tensions is carried out. Then, an expression of the system's stiffness is deduced and a stiffness factor is defined. Furthermore, an approach to evaluate the stability of the cable-based camera robots with hybrid tension-stiffness properties is presented. Finally, a typical three-degree-of-freedom cable-based parallel camera robot with four cables is studied as a numerical example. The simulation results show that the approach is both reasonable and effective.

  4. Quantum surface tension in ideal gases

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sisman, A.

    2005-01-01

    Due to wave character of atoms, an ideal gas confined in a finite domain exhibits Casimir like size effects. These effects become appreciable in a domain with at least one dimension in the order of micron. On this scale, thermodynamic state functions of an ideal gas become shape and size dependent and some new effects appear. In the literature, only some domains of regular shapes have been considered. In this study, the results are generalized to a domain of an arbitrary shape by using Weyl s conjecture for density of states. It is seen that free energy expression of an ideal Maxwellian gas consists of a classical volume dependent term and also a quantum originated surface dependent term, which causes a quantum surface tension. In a rectangular box filled by an ideal gas and separated by a movable wall into two parts, it is shown that a lateral force appears on the movable wall due to quantum surface tension

  5. Changes in Passive Tension of the Hamstring Muscles During a Simulated Soccer Match.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Marshall, Paul W; Lovell, Ric; Siegler, Jason C

    2016-07-01

    Passive muscle tension is increased after damaging eccentric exercise. Hamstring-strain injury is associated with damaging eccentric muscle actions, but no research has examined changes in hamstring passive muscle tension throughout a simulated sport activity. The authors measured hamstring passive tension throughout a 90-min simulated soccer match (SAFT90), including the warm-up period and every 15 min throughout the 90-min simulation. Passive hamstring tension of 15 amateur male soccer players was measured using the instrumented straight-leg-raise test. Absolute torque (Nm) and slope (Nm/°) of the recorded torque-angular position curve were used for data analysis, in addition to total leg range of motion (ROM). Players performed a 15-min prematch warm-up, then performed the SAFT90 including a 15-min halftime rest period. Reductions in passive stiffness of 20-50° of passive hip flexion of 22.1-29.2% (P hamstring ROM (P = .0009). The findings of this study imply that hamstring passive tension is reduced after an active warm-up that includes dynamic stretching but does not increase in a pattern suggestive of eccentric induced muscle damage during soccer-specific intermittent exercise. Hamstring ROM and passive tension increases are best explained by improved stretch tolerance.

  6. Surface tension mediated conversion of light to work

    Science.gov (United States)

    Okawa, David; Pastine, Stefan J; Zettl, Alexander K; Frechet, Jean M. J

    2014-12-02

    Disclosed are a method and apparatus for converting light energy to mechanical energy by modification of surface tension on a supporting fluid. The apparatus comprises an object which may be formed as a composite object comprising a support matrix and a highly light absorptive material. The support matrix may comprise a silicon polymer. The highly light absorptive material may comprise vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VANTs) embedded in the support matrix. The composite object is supported on a fluid. By exposing the highly light absorptive material to light, heat is generated, which changes the surface tension of the composite object, causing it to move physically within the fluid.

  7. The duality of tensions at the workplace for female leaders

    OpenAIRE

    Haidinger, Julia

    2017-01-01

    The qualitative research undertaken was set out to understand the challenges experienced by female leaders at the workplace. Therefore, semi-structured interviews with 12 female leaders in top management positions from different industries were conducted. As a consequence, a duality between tensions concerning 1) character traits, 2) beauty and 3) motherhood was confirmed through the experiences shared by the participants. Women identified these tensions as highly challenging and difficult to...

  8. Precipitating and relieving factors of migraine versus tension type headache

    OpenAIRE

    Haque, Badrul; Rahman, Kazi Mohibur; Hoque, Azharul; Hasan, ATM Hasibul; Chowdhury, Rajib Nayan; Khan, Sharif Uddin; Alam, Mondal Badrul; Habib, Mansur; Mohammad, Quazi Deen

    2012-01-01

    Abstract Background To determine the differences of precipitating and relieving factors between migraine and tension type headache. Methods This is a cross sectional study. We retrospectively reviewed the records of 250 migraine patients and 250 patients diagnosed as tension type headache from the specialized headache clinic in Dept. of Neurology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital. Data were collected through a predesigned questionnaire containing information on age, sex, social status and a pre...

  9. con dietas suplementadas con Cromo-L-metionina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ram\\u00F3n Garc\\u00EDa-Castillo

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available Un total de 48 cerdos (Sus scrofa domesticus; 24 machos castrados y 24 hembras cruzados (Yorkshire, Hampshire, Duroc y Landrace de 3,5 a 4,0 meses de edad y 60,0 ± 5,0 kg PV en finalización. Se alimentaron con dietas isoproteícas (14,5 % PC e isoenergéticas (3.400 kcal EM/kg de MS, adicionadas con Cr-L-metionina (MiCroPlex® (0, 200, 400 y 600 ppb. El experimento tuvo una duración de 45 días y se realizó de agosto a noviembre del 2002 en las instalaciones de la Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, localizada en Saltillo, Coahuila, México. Al tener los animales aproximadamente 95 kg PV, se tomó muestra de 15 ml de sangre por cada animal para determinar la concentración de glucosa, ácido úrico, creatinina, urea, proteinas totales y colesterol. Se aplicó un diseño completamente al azar con arreglo factorial 2 x 4; dos para el factor sexo y cuatro para nivel de cromo. Los metabolitos en suero no fueron afectados (P>0,05 por el factor sexo. La glucosa en suero disminuyó (P<0,05 y el colesterol incrementó (P<0,05 con cromo en la dieta. Se concluye que el Cr incrementa el metabolismo de glucosa y disminuye el de colesterol, con lo cual puede haber energía disponible para síntesis de proteína la cual es necesaria para el crecimiento de los animales

  10. Using the surface tension to estimate the condensate density of superfluid 4He

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Campbell, L.J.

    1983-01-01

    Distortion of the condensate wavefunction at the free surface of superfluid 4 He contributes to the surface tension in proportion to the condensate fraction n 0 (T). Using this to resolve the present discrepancy between the measured and predicted temperature dependencies of the surface tension gives n 0 (T) in good agreement with results from neutron and x-ray scattering measurements. This picture is also consistent with the measured 3 He- 4 He interfacial tension

  11. Calculation of Interfacial Tensions of Hydrocarbon-water Systems under Reservoir Conditions

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Zuo, You-Xiang; Stenby, Erling Halfdan

    1998-01-01

    Assuming that the number densities of each component in a mixture are linearly distributed across the interface between the coexisting vapor-liquid or liquid-liquid phases, we developed in this research work a linear-gradient-theory (LGT) model for computing the interfacial tension of hydrocarbon......-brine systems. The new model was tested on a number of hydrocarbon-water/brine mixtures and two crude oil-water systems under reservoir conditions. The results show good agreement between the predicted and the experimental interfacial tension data.......Assuming that the number densities of each component in a mixture are linearly distributed across the interface between the coexisting vapor-liquid or liquid-liquid phases, we developed in this research work a linear-gradient-theory (LGT) model for computing the interfacial tension of hydrocarbon-water...... mixtures on the basis of the SRK equation of state. With this model, it is unnecessary to solve the time-consuming density-profile equations of the gradient-theory model. In addition, a correlation was developed for representing the effect of electrolytes on the interfacial tension of hydrocarbon...

  12. Phases of fracture process zone and tension softening properties of concrete

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mihashi, H.; Nomura, N.

    1991-01-01

    The safety and serviceability of concrete structures are influenced very much by the cracking behavior of concrete. Since comprehensive numerical analysis techniques have been extensively developed to predict the mechanical behavior of concrete structures in the limit state, it is essential to study the constitutive laws to describe the cracking behavior of concrete in detail. The tension softening behavior of concrete is highly dominated by the existence of a fracture process zone (FPZ) ahead of a crack tip. Since the direct observation of the FPZ of concrete is hardly possible, the indirect techniques are applied, but it is still ambiguous what happens in the FPZ and how it affects the tension softening property. The purpose of this study is to present the property of the FPZ focusing on the influence of material structures by means of three-dimensional acoustic emission. These results are correlated to tension softening behavior evaluated by a numerical analysis to discuss how the tension softening property is related to the characteristics of the FPZ. The test procedure and the results are reported. (K.I.)

  13. Tension Pneumothorax During Surgery for Thoracic Spine Stabilization in Prone Position

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Demicha Rankin MD

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available The intraoperative progression of a simple or occult pneumothorax into a tension pneumothorax can be a devastating clinical scenario. Routine use of prophylactic thoracostomy prior to anesthesia and initiation of controlled ventilation in patients with simple or occult pneumothorax remains controversial. We report the case of a 75-year-old trauma patient with an insignificant pneumothorax on the right who developed an intraoperative tension pneumothorax on the left side while undergoing thoracic spine stabilization surgery in the prone position. Management of an intraoperative tension pneumothorax requires prompt recognition and treatment; however, the prone position presents an additional challenge of readily accessing the standard anatomic sites for pleural puncture and air drainage.

  14. [Current issues, problems and prospects of tension-free hernioplasty (review)].

    Science.gov (United States)

    2014-01-01

    In the present study there are discussed modern methods of the tension free hernioplastics, the complications associated with them and technical difficulties, up-to-date views and the perspectives of the issue development in terms of avoiding infectious complications, positioning of implants and their fixation. Hernia is one of the widespread surgical pathologies as it is found in 4% of the population and its share among the inpatient surgical diseases is about 18-30%. Consequently annually up to 20-21 mln hernioplasties are carried out worldwide. Despite of many years of experience in the field of hernia surgical treatment there still exist many unsolved problems such as safe closure of defects of abdominal cavity wall. Up to 200 methods of hernioplastics, various implantations and application of synthetic materials refer to lack of the optimal surgical strategy. In modern herniology priorities are given to tension free plastics. The merge of the synthetic implants and "tension free hernioplastics" concepts enabled sharp reduction of the side effects list, making it possible to perform successful surgeries in that contingent whose treatment by the method of tissue-plasty was related with high risk of lethality. Large scale introduction of tension free hernioplastics caused intensification of the associated problems such as migration, dissection and shortening of the net.

  15. Surface tension alteration on calcite, induced by ion substitution

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Sakuma, Hiroshi; Andersson, Martin Peter; Bechgaard, Klaus

    2014-01-01

    The interaction of water and organic molecules with mineral surfaces controls many processes in nature and industry. The thermodynamic property, surface tension, is usually determined from the contact angle between phases, but how does one understand the concept of surface tension at the nanoscale...... preferentially as ion pairs at solution-calcite interfaces. Mg2+ incorporation weakens organic molecule adhesion while strengthening water adsorption so Mg2+ substitution renders calcite more water wet. When Mg2+ replaces 10% of surface Ca2+, the contact angle changes dramatically, by 40 to 70, converting...

  16. Globalization, financial capitalism, and corporate social responsibility: Structural tensions

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    David Barbosa Ramírez

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Globalization and financial capitalism keep a synergy in a global context whose problems such as environmental degradation, social inequity, economic crises and corruption are intensified. Corporate Social Responsibility emerges as a mechanism that seeks to mitigate some of these problems, although its effectiveness and impact today are challenged. The system which globalization, financial capitalism and social responsibility are a part of, is currently facing a number of structural tensions that contribute to the analysis, understanding and solving of the mentioned problems. This paper identifies and analyzes four of the aforementioned structural tensions.

  17. Resistance to small plastic strains during martensite tempering under tension

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Zabil' skij, V.V.; Sarrak, V.I. (AN SSSR, Sverdlovsk. Inst. Fiziki Metallov)

    1982-11-01

    The mechanism of plastic deformation of martensite of a series of hardened steels (N18, 20KhG, 50KhFA and others) during tempering under tension and the role of residual internal microstresses and phase transformations are studied. It is shown that martensite low resistance to small plastic deformations during tempering under tension which is usually associated with phase transformations depends as well on the level of residual internal microstresses in the martensite structure. The decrease of resistance to deformation in the course of the decomposition of a solid solution is due to weakening of martensitic matrix because of carbon departure from the solid solution and carbide coarsening. An assumption is made that martensite plastic deformation during tempering under tension is realized at the expense of the directed microplastic deformation in the regions of higher concentration of internal stresses.

  18. A density gradient theory based method for surface tension calculations

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Liang, Xiaodong; Michelsen, Michael Locht; Kontogeorgis, Georgios

    2016-01-01

    The density gradient theory has been becoming a widely used framework for calculating surface tension, within which the same equation of state is used for the interface and bulk phases, because it is a theoretically sound, consistent and computationally affordable approach. Based on the observation...... that the optimal density path from the geometric mean density gradient theory passes the saddle point of the tangent plane distance to the bulk phases, we propose to estimate surface tension with an approximate density path profile that goes through this saddle point. The linear density gradient theory, which...... assumes linearly distributed densities between the two bulk phases, has also been investigated. Numerical problems do not occur with these density path profiles. These two approximation methods together with the full density gradient theory have been used to calculate the surface tension of various...

  19. Transitional Failure of Carbon Nanotube Systems under a Combination of Tension and Torsion

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Byeong-Woo Jeong

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Transitional failure envelopes of single- and double-walled carbon nanotubes under combined tension-torsion are predicted using classical molecular dynamics simulations. The observations reveal that while the tensile failure load decreases with combined torsion, the torsional buckling moment increases with combined tension. As a result, the failure envelopes under combined tension-torsion are definitely different from those under pure tension or torsion. In such combined loading, there is a multitude of failure modes (tensile failure and torsional buckling, and the failure consequently exhibits the feature of transitional failure envelopes. In addition, the safe region of double-walled carbon nanotubes is significantly larger than that of single-walled carbon nanotubes due to the differences in the onset of torsional buckling.

  20. Cooking under fire: managing multilevel tensions between creativity and innovation in haute cuisine

    OpenAIRE

    Lane, Christel; Lup, Daniela

    2016-01-01

    This inductive study of Michelin-starred restaurants in Britain and Germany examines how organizations attend to tensions between idea creation and implementation that characterize innovation processes. Based on the analysis of in-depth interviews with 40 chefs-de-cuisine, we identify tensions at two distinct levels of analysis. The first tension, situated at the individual level, occurs between the artistic identity of the chefs-de-cuisine and their work identity; the second one, at the orga...

  1. Nonzero Ideal Gas Contribution to the Surface Tension of Water.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sega, Marcello; Fábián, Balázs; Jedlovszky, Pál

    2017-06-15

    Surface tension, the tendency of fluid interfaces to behave elastically and minimize their surface, is routinely calculated as the difference between the lateral and normal components of the pressure or, invoking isotropy in momentum space, of the virial tensor. Here we show that the anisotropy of the kinetic energy tensor close to a liquid-vapor interface can be responsible for a large part of its surface tension (about 15% for water, independent from temperature).

  2. Tension and Approximation in Poetic Translation

    Science.gov (United States)

    Al-Shabab, Omar A. S.; Baka, Farida H.

    2015-01-01

    Simple observation reveals that each language and each culture enjoys specific linguistic features and rhetorical traditions. In poetry translation difference and the resultant linguistic tension create a gap between Source Language and Target language, a gap that needs to be bridged by creating an approximation processed through the translator's…

  3. Cannulated screw and cable are superior to modified tension band in the treatment of transverse patella fractures.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tian, Yun; Zhou, Fang; Ji, Hongquan; Zhang, Zhishan; Guo, Yan

    2011-12-01

    Although the modified tension band technique (eg, tension band supplemented by longitudinal Kirschner wires) has long been the mainstay for fixation of transverse fractures of the patella, it has shortcomings, such as bad reduction, loosening of implants, and skin irritation. We conducted a retrospective comparison of the modified tension band technique and the titanium cable-cannulated screw tension band technique. We retrospectively reviewed 101 patients aged 22 to 85 years (mean, 56.6 years) with AO/OTA 34-C1 fractures (n = 68) and 34-C2 fractures (n = 33). Fifty-two patients were in the modified tension band group and 49 were in the titanium cable-cannulated screw tension band group. Followup was at least 1 year (range, 1-3 years). Comparison criteria were fracture reduction, fracture healing time, and the Iowa score for knee function. The titanium cable-cannulated screw tension band group showed improved fracture reduction, reduced healing time, and better Iowa score, compared with the modified tension band group. In the modified tension band group, eight patients experienced wire migration, three of these requiring a second operation. There were no complications in the titanium cable-cannulated screw tension band group. The titanium cable-cannulated screw tension band technique showed superior results and should be considered as an alternative method for treatment of transverse patellar fractures. Level III, therapeutic study. See the Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

  4. Tension between SNeIa and BAO: current status and future forecasts

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Escamilla-Rivera, Celia [Astrophysics, University of Oxford, DWD, Kebble Road, Oxford, OX1 3RH (United Kingdom); Lazkoz, Ruth; Salzano, Vincenzo; Sendra, Irene, E-mail: celia_escamilla@ehu.es, E-mail: ruth.lazkoz@ehu.es, E-mail: vincenzo.salzano@ehu.es, E-mail: irene.sendra@ehu.es [Fisika Teorikoaren eta Zientziaren Historia Saila, Zientzia eta Teknologia Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, 644 Posta Kutxatila, 48080 Bilbao (Spain)

    2011-09-01

    Using real and synthetic Type Ia SNe (SNeIa) and baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) data representing current observations forecasts, this paper investigates the tension between those probes in the dark energy equation of state (EoS) reconstruction considering the well known CPL model and Wang's low correlation reformulation. In particular, here we present simulations of BAO data from both the the radial and transverse directions. We also explore the influence of priors on Ω{sub m} and Ω{sub b} on the tension issue, by considering 1σ deviations in either one or both of them. Our results indicate that for some priors there is no tension between a single dataset (either SNeIa or BAO) and their combination (SNeIa+BAO). Our criterion to discern the existence of tension (σ-distance) is also useful to establish which is the dataset with most constraining power; in this respect SNeIa and BAO data switch roles when current and future data are considered, as forecasts predict and spectacular quality improvement on BAO data. We also find that the results on the tension are blind to the way the CPL model is addressed: there is a perfect match between the original formulation and that by the correlation optimized proposed in Wang (2008), but the errors on the parameters are much narrower in all cases of our exhaustive exploration, thus serving the purpose of stressing the convenience of this reparametrization.

  5. Tension between SNeIa and BAO: current status and future forecasts

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Escamilla-Rivera, Celia; Lazkoz, Ruth; Salzano, Vincenzo; Sendra, Irene

    2011-01-01

    Using real and synthetic Type Ia SNe (SNeIa) and baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) data representing current observations forecasts, this paper investigates the tension between those probes in the dark energy equation of state (EoS) reconstruction considering the well known CPL model and Wang's low correlation reformulation. In particular, here we present simulations of BAO data from both the the radial and transverse directions. We also explore the influence of priors on Ω m and Ω b on the tension issue, by considering 1σ deviations in either one or both of them. Our results indicate that for some priors there is no tension between a single dataset (either SNeIa or BAO) and their combination (SNeIa+BAO). Our criterion to discern the existence of tension (σ-distance) is also useful to establish which is the dataset with most constraining power; in this respect SNeIa and BAO data switch roles when current and future data are considered, as forecasts predict and spectacular quality improvement on BAO data. We also find that the results on the tension are blind to the way the CPL model is addressed: there is a perfect match between the original formulation and that by the correlation optimized proposed in Wang (2008), but the errors on the parameters are much narrower in all cases of our exhaustive exploration, thus serving the purpose of stressing the convenience of this reparametrization

  6. Treatment of tension type headache: paracetamol and NSAIDs work: a systematic review

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    A.P. Verhagen (Arianne); L. Damen (Léonie); M.Y. Berger (Marjolein); M.L.B. Lenssinck (Marie-Louise); J. Passchier (Jan); B.W. Kroes (Bart W)

    2010-01-01

    textabstractOBJECTIVE: Tension-type headache (TTH), also known as tension headache or muscle contraction headache is the most commonly experienced type of headache. Our aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions in patients with TTH. METHOD: We performed a systematic review according to

  7. Competing values, tensions and trade-offs in management of nuclear power plants.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Reiman, Teemu; Rollenhagen, Carl

    2012-01-01

    The specific goal of the study is to look how tensions, competing values and trade-offs manifest in the management of nuclear power plants. Second goal is to inspect how existing frameworks, such as Competing Values Framework, can be used to model the tensions. Empirical data consists of thirty interviews that were conducted as part of a NKS study on safety culture in the Nordic nuclear branch. Eight trade-offs are identified based on a grounded theory based analysis of the interview data. The competing values and potential tensions involved in the trade-offs are discussed.

  8. Generalized surface tension bounds in vacuum decay

    Science.gov (United States)

    Masoumi, Ali; Paban, Sonia; Weinberg, Erick J.

    2018-02-01

    Coleman and De Luccia (CDL) showed that gravitational effects can prevent the decay by bubble nucleation of a Minkowski or AdS false vacuum. In their thin-wall approximation this happens whenever the surface tension in the bubble wall exceeds an upper bound proportional to the difference of the square roots of the true and false vacuum energy densities. Recently it was shown that there is another type of thin-wall regime that differs from that of CDL in that the radius of curvature grows substantially as one moves through the wall. Not only does the CDL derivation of the bound fail in this case, but also its very formulation becomes ambiguous because the surface tension is not well defined. We propose a definition of the surface tension and show that it obeys a bound similar in form to that of the CDL case. We then show that both thin-wall bounds are special cases of a more general bound that is satisfied for all bounce solutions with Minkowski or AdS false vacua. We discuss the limit where the parameters of the theory attain critical values and the bound is saturated. The bounce solution then disappears and a static planar domain wall solution appears in its stead. The scalar field potential then is of the form expected in supergravity, but this is only guaranteed along the trajectory in field space traced out by the bounce.

  9. Tension Pneumocephalus with Diplegia and Deterioration of Consciousness

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Harald Prüss

    2011-02-01

    Full Text Available Tension pneumocephalus results from intracranial air under pressure as a rare complication after head injury or craniofacial surgery. A 58-year-old man underwent ethmoid sinus surgery and subsequently developed rapidly progressive global headache, restlessness, diplegia with sensory loss, and deterioration of the conscious level. A head CT demonstrated extensive pneumocephalus with gross compression of the brain. The frontal retention of air caused widening of the interhemispheric fissure leading to a peaked appearance of the frontal poles, referred to as the ‘Mount Fuji sign’. Surgical revision of a dural air leak resulted in rapid improvement and full clinical resolution. Early diagnosis of tension pneumocephalus and emergent surgical treatment are crucial to prevent life-threatening deterioration.

  10. Measurement and monitoring of electrocardiogram belt tension in premature infants for assessment of respiratory function

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hegyi Thomas

    2007-04-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Monitoring of the electrocardiogram (ECG in premature infants with conventional adhesive-backed electrodes can harm their sensitive skin. Use of an electrode belt prevents skin irritation, but the effect of belt pressure on respiratory function is unknown. A strain gauge sensor is described which measures applied belt tension. Method The device frame was comprised of an aluminum housing and slide to minimize the device weight. Velcro tabs connected housing and slide to opposite tabs located at the electrode belt ends. The slide was connected to a leaf spring, to which were bonded two piezoresistive transducers in a half-bridge circuit configuration. The device was tested for linearity and calibrated. The effect on infant respiratory function of constant belt tension in the normal range (30 g–90 g was determined. Results The mechanical response to a step input was second order (fn = 401 Hz, ζ = 0.08. The relationship between applied tension and output voltage was linear in the range 25–225 gm of applied tension (r2 = 0.99. Measured device sensitivity was 2.18 mV/gm tension using a 5 V bridge excitation voltage. When belt tension was increased in the normal range from 30 gm to 90 gm, there was no significant change in heart rate and most respiratory functions during monitoring. At an intermediate level of tension of 50 gm, pulmonary resistance and work of breathing significantly decreased. Conclusion The mechanical and electrical design of a device for monitoring electrocardiogram electrode belt tension is described. Within the typical range of application tension, cardiovascular and respiratory function are not substantially negatively affected by electrode belt force.

  11. Measurement and monitoring of electrocardiogram belt tension in premature infants for assessment of respiratory function.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ciaccio, Edward J; Hiatt, Mark; Hegyi, Thomas; Drzewiecki, Gary M

    2007-04-19

    Monitoring of the electrocardiogram (ECG) in premature infants with conventional adhesive-backed electrodes can harm their sensitive skin. Use of an electrode belt prevents skin irritation, but the effect of belt pressure on respiratory function is unknown. A strain gauge sensor is described which measures applied belt tension. The device frame was comprised of an aluminum housing and slide to minimize the device weight. Velcro tabs connected housing and slide to opposite tabs located at the electrode belt ends. The slide was connected to a leaf spring, to which were bonded two piezoresistive transducers in a half-bridge circuit configuration. The device was tested for linearity and calibrated. The effect on infant respiratory function of constant belt tension in the normal range (30 g-90 g) was determined. The mechanical response to a step input was second order (fn = 401 Hz, zeta = 0.08). The relationship between applied tension and output voltage was linear in the range 25-225 gm of applied tension (r2 = 0.99). Measured device sensitivity was 2.18 mV/gm tension using a 5 V bridge excitation voltage. When belt tension was increased in the normal range from 30 gm to 90 gm, there was no significant change in heart rate and most respiratory functions during monitoring. At an intermediate level of tension of 50 gm, pulmonary resistance and work of breathing significantly decreased. The mechanical and electrical design of a device for monitoring electrocardiogram electrode belt tension is described. Within the typical range of application tension, cardiovascular and respiratory function are not substantially negatively affected by electrode belt force.

  12. Surface Tension Confines Cryogenic Liquid

    Science.gov (United States)

    Castles, Stephen H.; Schein, Michael E.

    1989-01-01

    New type of Dewar provides passive, constant-temperature cryogenic cooling for scientific instruments under normal-to low-gravity conditions. Known as Surface-Tension-Contained Liquid Cryogen Cooler (STCLCC), keeps liquid cryogen in known location inside the Dewar by trapping liquid inside spongelike material. Unique sponge material fills most of volume of inner tank. Sponge is all-silica, open-cell material similar to that used for Space Shuttle thermal-protection tiles.

  13. Delayed Tension Pneumothorax During Surgery

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ying-Lun Chen

    2005-10-01

    Full Text Available Tension pneumothorax is a life-threatening emergency that rapidly results in cardiopulmonary arrest. It requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. We present 2 cases from our practice, 1 caused by blunt chest trauma and the other resulting from laparoscopic surgery. Both were successfully treated by insertion of a chest tube. The diagnosis and treatment of intraoperative pneumothorax is discussed together with a review of the literature.

  14. Thermal Analysis of Bending Under Tension Test

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Ceron, Ermanno; Martins, Paulo A.F.; Bay, Niels

    2014-01-01

    during testing is similar to the one in the production tool. A universal sheet tribo-tester has been developed, which can run multiple tests automatically from coil. This allows emulating the temperature increase as in production. The present work performs finite element analysis of the evolution......The tribological conditions in deep drawing can be simulated in the Bending Under Tension test to evaluate the performance of new lubricants, tool materials, etc. Deep drawing production with automatic handling runs normally at high rate. This implies considerable heating of the tools, which...... sometimes can cause lubricant film breakdown and galling. In order to replicate the production conditions in bending under tension testing it is thus important to control the tool/workpiece interface temperature. This can be done by pre-heating the tool, but it is essential that the interface temperature...

  15. Mapping surface tension induced menisci with application to tensiometry and refractometry.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mishra, Avanish; Kulkarni, Varun; Khor, Jian-Wei; Wereley, Steve

    2015-07-28

    In this work, we discuss an optical method for measuring surface tension induced menisci. The principle of measurement is based upon the change in the background pattern produced by the curvature of the meniscus acting as a lens. We measure the meniscus profile over an inclined glass plate and utilize the measured meniscus for estimation of surface tension and refractive index.

  16. Analysis of crack opening stresses for center- and edge-crack tension specimens

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tong Di-Hua

    2014-04-01

    Full Text Available Accurate determination of crack opening stress is of central importance to fatigue crack growth analysis and life prediction based on the crack-closure model. This paper studies the crack opening behavior for center- and edge-crack tension specimens. It is found that the crack opening stress is affected by the crack tip element. By taking the crack tip element into account, a modified crack opening stress equation is given for the center-crack tension specimen. Crack surface displacement equations for an edge crack in a semi-infinite plate under remote uniform tension and partially distributed pressure are derived by using the weight function method. Based on these displacements, a crack opening stress equation for an edge crack in a semi-infinite plate under uniform tension has been developed. The study shows that the crack opening stress is geometry-dependent, and the weight function method provides an effective and reliable tool to deal with such geometry dependence.

  17. Combined Molecular Dynamics Simulation-Molecular-Thermodynamic Theory Framework for Predicting Surface Tensions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sresht, Vishnu; Lewandowski, Eric P; Blankschtein, Daniel; Jusufi, Arben

    2017-08-22

    A molecular modeling approach is presented with a focus on quantitative predictions of the surface tension of aqueous surfactant solutions. The approach combines classical Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations with a molecular-thermodynamic theory (MTT) [ Y. J. Nikas, S. Puvvada, D. Blankschtein, Langmuir 1992 , 8 , 2680 ]. The MD component is used to calculate thermodynamic and molecular parameters that are needed in the MTT model to determine the surface tension isotherm. The MD/MTT approach provides the important link between the surfactant bulk concentration, the experimental control parameter, and the surfactant surface concentration, the MD control parameter. We demonstrate the capability of the MD/MTT modeling approach on nonionic alkyl polyethylene glycol surfactants at the air-water interface and observe reasonable agreement of the predicted surface tensions and the experimental surface tension data over a wide range of surfactant concentrations below the critical micelle concentration. Our modeling approach can be extended to ionic surfactants and their mixtures with both ionic and nonionic surfactants at liquid-liquid interfaces.

  18. PEMBERIAN INFRA RED, STRIPPING DAN STRETCHING TERHADAP NYERI TENSION HEADACHE DI PUSKESMAS TAPUS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cici Apriza Yanti

    2018-03-01

    Full Text Available Prevalence of headache in Indonesia is very high. More than 90% of patients consult a doctor. The aim of research is to know the difference of pain after giving Infra Red, Stripping, and Stretching to the pain of tension headache. This research design is quasi experiment with pre and post test design. Population in this research is all patient of tension headache at Tapus Health Center. Sampling using accidental sampling with 10 samples. The data were collected using observation sheet of pain caused by tension headache. Data analysis was done by computerized using Wilcoxon test. The results showed that the mean intensity of pain before the 5.60 decreased to 4.78 after intervention and the mean intensity of tenderness before the 6.10 decreased to 5.27 after the intervention. The results of analysis showed that there was a difference in the intensity of pain (p = 0,005 and tenderness (p = 0,005.It can be concluded that therapy with Infra Red (IR, Stripping, and Stretching is effective to decreased pain intensity due to tension headache. For that it is expected to patients with pain complaints to tension headache to be always active and disciplined follow effective therapy in reducing the intensity of pain. Prevalensi sakit kepala di Indonesia sangatlah tinggi. Lebih dari 90% pasien yang berkonsultasi ke dokter. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan nyeri tekan dan gerak setelah pemberian Infra Red, Stripping, dan Stretching terhadap nyeri pada kasus tension headache di Puskesmas Tapus Kabupaten Pasaman tahun 2016. Desain penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperiment dengan desain pre dan post test. Populasi pada penelitian adalah seluruh pasien tension headache di Puskesmas Tapus pada bulan Juni sampai Juli tahun 2016. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik accidental sampling sehingga didapatkan sampel sebanyak 10 orang. Pengumpulan data penelitian menggunakan lembar observasi intensitas nyeri akibat tension headache. Analisis data

  19. Unresolved tensions in consumer engagement in CER: a US research perspective.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Workman, Thomas; Maurer, Maureen; Carman, Kristin

    2013-03-01

    Efforts to engage patients and consumers in comparative effectiveness research (CER) in the USA are still in the early stages, and the outcomes of these partnerships have yet to be fully understood or realized. Our work assisting federal agencies and national organizations who engage patients and consumers in CER reveal three unresolved tensions around the representation of the patient experience in the research process, the culture of research and capacity to partner with patients and consumers, and the conflict between the methodological approaches to CER and the outcomes of interest to patients and caregivers. Several approaches to address these tensions have emerged, yet resolving these tensions will require addressing many system-level challenges and building an evidence base for consumer engagement in CER.

  20. Tension-type Headache With Medication Overuse: Pathophysiology and Clinical Implications

    OpenAIRE

    Monteith, Teshamae S.; Oshinsky, Michael L.

    2009-01-01

    Tension-type headache (TTH) is the most prevalent primary headache disorder. An important factor in the long-term prognosis of TTH is the overuse of acute medications used to treat headache. There are many reasons why patients with TTH overuse acute medications, including biobehavioral influences, dependency, and a lack of patient education. Chronic daily headache occurs in 4.1% of the general population, and chronic tension-type headache and medication overuse headache (MOH) occur in approxi...

  1. Influencia de la soldadura sobre la rotura por tensiones en tubos de acero inoxidable austenitico del tipo 18-11NB(TP347

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gutiérrez de Saiz-Solabarria, S.

    2000-06-01

    Full Text Available This work has been undertaken to study the stress cracking failure in various 18Cr11Ni [TP347 (18-11Nb, TP 321 (18-11 Ti, TP304 (18-11 and TP316 (18-11-2] types austenitic stainless steel tubes. The material used was produced hot-rolling at 76,2 mm φ (3"φ x 2,54 mm (1/10" thickness. The study was carried out at 593ºC and applied stress of 50 Ton/in2.

    Se estudia el efecto de la soldadura sobre la rotura por tensiones en tubos de acero inoxidable austenítico estabilizado con Nb o Ti de los tipos 18-11Nb (TP 347 y 18-11Ti (TP 321 así como sin estabilizar del tipo 18-11 (TP 304 y con Mo del tipo 18-11-2 (TP 316. Los tubos, en todos los casos, son de dimensiones 76,2 mm (3” φ x 2,54 mm (1/10” de espesor y la tensión aplicada (σ de 10 Ton/in2, para una temperatura de servicio de 593ºC.

  2. STRAIN-CONTROLLED BIAXIAL TENSION OF NATURAL RUBBER: NEW EXPERIMENTAL DATA

    KAUST Repository

    Pancheri, Francesco Q.

    2014-03-01

    We present a new experimental method and provide data showing the response of 40A natural rubber in uniaxial, pure shear, and biaxial tension. Real-time biaxial strain control allows for independent and automatic variation of the velocity of extension and retraction of each actuator to maintain the preselected deformation rate within the gage area of the specimen. Wealso focus on the Valanis-Landel hypothesis that is used to verify and validate the consistency of the data.Weuse a threeterm Ogden model to derive stress-stretch relations to validate the experimental data. The material model parameters are determined using the primary loading path in uniaxial and equibiaxial tension. Excellent agreement is found when the model is used to predict the response in biaxial tension for different maximum in-plane stretches. The application of the Valanis-Landel hypothesis also results in excellent agreement with the theoretical prediction.

  3. Alternatives to conventional evaluation of rideability in horse performance tests: suitability of rein tension and behavioural parameters.

    Science.gov (United States)

    König von Borstel, Uta; Glißman, Chantal

    2014-01-01

    Rideability, i.e. the ease and comfort with which a horse can be ridden, is considered to be one of the most important traits in riding horses. However, at present rideability is evaluated rather subjectively in breeding horse performance tests. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role horse behaviour as well as degree and quality of rein tension might play in judges' evaluation of horses' rideability. Mares (n=33) and stallions (n=13) from two different mare- and one stallion-testing station were observed twice during their performance test dressage training. During these rides, rein tension was measured continuously, and frequency of behaviour patterns such as head-tossing, tail swishing, and snorting was recorded. Rein tension parameters showed reasonable repeatabilities within horse-rider pairs (e.g. mean rein tension: r(2)=0.61 ± 0.11; variance of rein tension: r(2)=0.52 ± 0.14). Regression analysis revealed that a larger proportion of variance in rideability scores could be explained by maximum (17%), mean (16%) and variance (15%) of rein tension compared to horses' or riders' behavioural parameters (tail-swishing: 5% and rider's use of hands: 5%, respectively). According to mixed model analysis, rideability scores dropped (all Prein tension (e.g. -0.37 ± 0.14 scores per additional 10 Newton in mean tension). However, mean rein tension differed between testing stations (Prein tension is either directly or indirectly an important factor for judges to derive rideability scores. Given the importance of rein tension parameters to both rider comfort and horse welfare, potentially, measurements of rein tension along with behaviour observations assessing the quality of rein contact (e.g. distinguishing a light contact from attempts to evade contact) might be used to make the assessment of rideability more impartial.

  4. What Is "Good" Research? Revealing the Paradigmatic Tensions in Quantitative Criticalist Work

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hernández, Ebelia

    2014-01-01

    If quantitative criticalism is thought to be a bridge between positivist epistemologies prevalent in quantitative work and social constructionism often found in critical qualitative work, then this bridge is fraught with challenges and tensions. This chapter examines the methodological issues, questions, and tensions that emerged from a research…

  5. A simple method for the design of tension structures combining topological mapping and nonlinear structural analysis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jurado-Piña, R.

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available When designing a tension structure the shape is not known at the beginning of the process. Form-finding methods allow the designer to obtain an initial shape from given boundary conditions. Several form-finding methods for tension structures are already available in the technical literature; all of them posses certain limitations and drawbacks and no single method is optimal for all problems. The engineer may select the proper combination of methods best suited to the designer’s needs. In this paper it is proposed a combined method to achieve satisfactory equilibrium configurations for fabric tension structures. The force density method (FDM implemented with topological mapping (TM is used as a search engine for the preliminary design, and a procedure that employs nonlinear structural analysis is proposed for final refinement of the initial equilibrium configuration hence allowing the use of the same analysis tool for both refinement of the solution and analysis under loading.Al diseñar una estructura tensada la forma inicial es normalmente desconocida. Los métodos de búsqueda de forma permiten al ingeniero obtener una geometría inicial dadas unas condiciones de contorno. Existen diferentes métodos de búsqueda de formas de equilibrio, pero todos tienen limitaciones y no existe uno único óptimo para cualquier tipo de problema. El ingeniero debe elegir la combinación de métodos que mejor se adapte a sus necesidades. En este artículo se propone un método combinado para generar configuraciones de equilibrio satisfactorias en estructuras tensadas. Como motor de búsqueda para el diseño preliminar se emplea el método de las densidades de fuerza (FDM implementado con mallado en topología (TM, y se propone un procedimiento basado en análisis no lineal de estructuras para el refinamiento de la configuración inicial de equilibrio, permitiéndose así el empleo de las mismas herramientas tanto para el refinamiento de la solución inicial

  6. Axons Pull on the Brain, But Tension Does Not Drive Cortical Folding

    Science.gov (United States)

    Xu, Gang; Knutsen, Andrew K.; Dikranian, Krikor; Kroenke, Christopher D.; Bayly, Philip V.; Taber, Larry A.

    2011-01-01

    During human brain development, the cerebral cortex undergoes substantial folding, leading to its characteristic highly convoluted form. Folding is necessary to accommodate the expansion of the cerbral cortex; abnormal cortical folding is linked to various neurological disorders, including schizophrenia, epilepsy, autism and mental retardation. Although this process requires mechanical forces, the specific force-generating mechanisms that drive folding remain unclear. The two most widely accepted hypotheses are (1) folding is caused by differential growth of the cortex and (2) folding is caused by mechanical tension generated in axons. Direct evidence supporting either theory, however, is lacking. Here we show that axons are indeed under considerable tension in the developing ferret brain, but the patterns of tissue stress are not consistent with a causal role for axonal tension. In particular, microdissection assays reveal that significant tension exists along axons aligned circumferentially in subcortical white matter tracts, as well as those aligned radially inside developing gyri (outward folds). Contrary to previous speculation, however, axonal tension is not directed across developing gyri, suggesting that axon tension does not drive folding. On the other hand, using computational (finite element) models, we show that differential cortical growth accompanied by remodeling of the subplate leads to outward folds and stress fields that are consistent with our microdissection experiments, supporting a mechanism involving differential growth. Local perturbations, such as temporal differences in the initiation of cortical growth, can ensure consistent folding patterns. This study shows that a combination of experimental and computational mechanics can be used to evaluate competing hypotheses of morphogenesis, and illuminate the biomechanics of cortical folding. PMID:20590291

  7. Manual therapy in adults with tension-type headache: A systematic review.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cumplido-Trasmonte, C; Fernández-González, P; Alguacil-Diego, I M; Molina-Rueda, F

    2018-03-07

    Tension-type headache is the most common primary headache, with a high prevalence and a considerable socioeconomic impact. Manual physical therapy techniques are widely used in the clinical field to treat the symptoms associated with tension-type headache. This systematic review aims to determine the effectiveness of manual and non-invasive therapies in the treatment of patients with tension-type headache. We conducted a systematic review of randomised controlled trials in the following databases: Brain, PubMed, Web of Science, PEDro, Scopus, CINAHL, and Science Direct. Ten randomised controlled trials were included for analysis. According to these studies, manual therapy improves symptoms, increasing patients' well-being and improving the outcome measures analysed. Manual therapy has positive effects on pain intensity, pain frequency, disability, overall impact, quality of life, and craniocervical range of motion in adults with tension-type headache. None of the techniques was found to be superior to the others; combining different techniques seems to be the most effective approach. Copyright © 2018 Sociedad Española de Neurología. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

  8. Dislocation Line Tensions in the Noble Metals, the Alkali Metals and beta-Brass

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Pettersson, B; Malen, K

    1971-06-15

    The line tension for a straight partial dislocation which can produce the necessary slip for a martensitic phase transformation of the bcc-fcc or bcc-hcp type has been calculated in ordered 6-brass and in Li, Na and K. Also the line tension for a Shockley partial dislocation in Cu, Ag and Au has been calculated. Negative line tension is found for certain dislocation directions, and the possible influence of this on the stability of a stacking fault bounded by these partials is discussed

  9. Surface Tension Measurements with a Smartphone

    Science.gov (United States)

    Goy, Nicolas-Alexandre; Denis, Zakari; Lavaud, Maxime; Grolleau, Adrian; Dufour, Nicolas; Deblais, Antoine; Delabre, Ulysse

    2017-01-01

    Smartphones are increasingly used in higher education and at university in mechanics, acoustics, and even thermodynamics as they offer a unique way to do simple science experiments. In this article, we show how smartphones can be used in fluid mechanics to measure surface tension of various liquids, which could help students understand the concept…

  10. Tension Builds over AFT Reform Agenda

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sawchuk, Stephen

    2012-01-01

    Can a teachers' union successfully be both a hardball-playing defender of its rights and a collaborative force for the common good? It is both a question of philosophy and, increasingly, one of policy direction for the American Federation of Teachers (AFT), whose biennial convention in Detroit showed delegates grappling with the tension between…

  11. Tensions of Health: Narratives of Employee Wellness Program Participants.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tang, Lu; Baker, Jane S; Meadows, Cui Zhang

    2016-09-01

    This article examines dialectical tensions in the health narratives of participants of the Employee Wellness Program (EWP) of a large public university in the southeastern United States. Semi-structured interviews (n = 12) with team leaders in the program indicated that health is a multifaceted concept characterized by three pairs of dialectical tensions: autonomy versus connection, private versus public, and control versus lack of control. These findings suggest that to better promote health and wellness in the workplace, EWP staff should consider employees' unique experiences and beliefs about health when designing organization-wide programs and campaigns. © 2016 The Author(s).

  12. Modified tension band wiring of medial malleolar ankle fractures.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Georgiadis, G M; White, D B

    1995-02-01

    Twenty-two displaced medial malleolar ankle fractures that were treated surgically using the modified tension band method of Cleak and Dawson were retrospectively reviewed at an average follow-up of 25 months. The technique involves the use of a screw to anchor a figure-of-eight wire. There were no malreductions and all fractures healed. Problems with the technique included technical errors with hardware placement, medial ankle pain, and asymptomatic wire migration. Despite this, modified tension band wiring remains an acceptable method for fixation of selected displaced medial malleolar fractures. It is especially suited for small fracture fragments and osteoporotic bone.

  13. Surface density profile and surface tension of the one-component classical plasma

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ballone, P.; Senatore, G.; Trieste Univ.; Tosi, M.P.; Oxford Univ.

    1982-08-01

    The density profile and the interfacial tension of two classical plasmas in equilibrium at different densities are evaluated in the square-density-gradient approximation. For equilibrium in the absence of applied external voltage, the profile is oscillatory in the higher-density plasma and the interfacial tension is positive. The amplitude and phase of these oscillations and the magnitude of the interfacial tension are related to the width of the background profile. Approximate representations of the equilibrium profile by matching of its asymptotic forms are analyzed. A comparison with computer simulation data and a critical discussion of a local-density theory are also presented. (author)

  14. Tratamiento con implantes Leader-Nano en paciente con oligodoncia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Salvador Javier Santos Medina

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available Los implantes dentales de titanio han revolucionado el mundo de la rehabilitación desde su surgimiento. De manera particular, el empleo de implantes de carga inmediata acorta el tiempo quirúrgico y protésico, con el consiguiente bienestar estético. Se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de 32 años de edad, con antecedentes de oligodoncia de ambos incisivos laterales superiores y portadora de prótesis parcial acrílica. Fue atendida por el equipo multidisciplinario de implantes en la Clínica Estomatológica Docente “3 de Octubre” y se le realizó tratamiento de rehabilitación integral con implantes Leader-Nano y prótesis fija con corona acrílica sobre dichos implantes. La implantología fue satisfactoria en la paciente; la mejoría estética y funcional, así como la satisfacción de la paciente, fueron los principales logros obtenidos

  15. Surgery of a nocardia lung abscess presenting as a tension pyopneumothorax.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fujimoto, Ryo; Omasa, Mitsugu; Ishikawa, Hiroyuki; Aoki, Minoru

    2017-05-01

    While some cases of nocardial pneumonia develop secondary empyema, tension pyopneumothorax is a very rare and lethal complication. A 74-year-old man who exhibited thrombocytopenia during steroid therapy for autoimmune hepatitis, presented to our department with a nocardial tension pyopneumothorax. He underwent a left lower lobectomy after chest drainage, and was discharged without any complication other than reoperation to remove a postoperative hematoma.

  16. Surface tension and related thermodynamic quantities of aqueous electrolyte solutions

    CERN Document Server

    Matubayasi, Norihiro

    2013-01-01

    Surface tension provides a thermodynamic avenue for analyzing systems in equilibrium and formulating phenomenological explanations for the behavior of constituent molecules in the surface region. While there are extensive experimental observations and established ideas regarding desorption of ions from the surfaces of aqueous salt solutions, a more successful discussion of the theory has recently emerged, which allows the quantitative calculation of the distribution of ions in the surface region. Surface Tension and Related Thermodynamic Quantities of Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions provides a d

  17. Surface tension estimation of high temperature melts of the binary alloys Ag-Au

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dogan, Ali; Arslan, Hüseyin

    2017-11-01

    Surface tension calculation of the binary alloys Ag-Au at the temperature of 1381 K, where Ag and Au have similar electronic structures and their atomic radii are comparable, are carried out in this study using several equations over entire composition range of Au. Apparently, the deviations from ideality of the bulk solutions, such as activities of Ag and Au are small and the maximum excess Gibbs free energy of mixing of the liquid phase is for instance -4500 J/mol at XAu = 0.5. Besides, the results obtained in Ag-Au alloys that at a constant temperature the surface tension increases with increasing composition while the surface tension decreases as the temperature increases for entire composition range of Au. Although data about surface tension of the Ag-Au alloy are limited, it was possible to make a comparison for the calculated results for the surface tension in this study with the available experimental data. Taken together, the average standard error analysis that especially the improved Guggenheim model in the other models gives the best agreement along with the experimental results at temperature 1383 K although almost all models are mutually in agreement with the other one.

  18. Experiencias de haber crecido con un padre/madre con trastorno mental severo (TMS)

    OpenAIRE

    Vivanco B, Gabriela; Grandón F, Pamela

    2016-01-01

    Introducción. La experiencia de vivir con personas que presentan un Trastorno Mental Severo (TMS) es difícil para las familias, en especial para los hijos quienes han sido poco estudiados. El objetivo de la investigación fue conocer cómo la experiencia de haber vivido con un padre o madre con un trastorno mental severo influyó en la infancia, adolescencia y adultez joven de sus hijos e hijas. Método. Se analizan las experiencias de convivencia con un padre/madre con TMS en 10 hijos (6 hombres...

  19. Cable Tension Preslack Method Construction Simulation and Engineering Application for a Prestressed Suspended Dome

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Xuechun Liu

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available To solve the shortage of traditional construction simulation methods for suspended dome structures, based on friction elements, node coupling technology, and local cooling, the cable tension preslack method is proposed in this paper, which is suitable for the whole process construction simulation of a suspended dome. This method was used to simulate the construction process of a large-span suspended dome case study. The effects on the simulation results of location deviation of joints, construction temperature, construction temporary supports, and friction of the cable-support joints were analyzed. The cable tension preslack method was demonstrated by comparing the data from the construction simulation with measured results, providing the control cable tension and the control standards for construction acceptance. The analysis demonstrated that the position deviation of the joint has little effect on the control value; the construction temperature and the friction of the cable-support joint significantly affect the control cable tension. The construction temperature, the temporary construction supports, and the friction of the cable-support joints all affect the internal force and deflection in the tensioned state but do not significantly affect the structural bearing characteristics at the load state. The forces should be primarily controlled in tensioned construction, while the deflections are controlled secondarily.

  20. Outcome of Treatment of Anterior Vaginal Wall Prolapse and Stress Urinary Incontinence with Transobturator Tension-Free Vaginal Mesh (Prolift and Concomitant Tension-Free Vaginal Tape-Obturator

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sameh Azazy

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available Objective. It is to assess the feasibility, effectiveness, and safety of transobturator tension-free vaginal mesh (Prolift and concomitant tension-free vaginal tape-obturator (TVT-O system as a treatment of female anterior vaginal wall prolapse associated with stress urinary incontinence (SUI. Patients and Methods. Between December 2006 and July 2007, 20 patients with anterior genital prolapse and voiding dysfunction were treated with the transobturator tension-free vaginal mesh (Prolift and concomitant tension-free vaginal tape-obturator (TVT-O. Sixteen patients had stress urinary incontinence and 4 patients were considered at risk for development of de novo stress incontinence after the prolapse is repaired. All patients underwent a complete urodynamic assessment. All the patients underwent pelvic examination 4–6 weeks after the operation, and anatomical and functional outcomes were recorded. Results. Twenty cystocoeles were repaired: 6 grade II, 12 grade III, and 2 grade IV. There were no vessel or bladder injuries. Eighteen patients had optimal anatomic results and 2 patients had persistent asymptomatic stage I prolapse. Conclusion. These preliminary results suggest that Prolift system offers a safe and effective treatment for female anterior vaginal wall prolapse. However, a long-term followup is necessary in order to support the good result maintenance.

  1. El rendimiento académico de estudiantes universitarios del área de psicología: relaciones con el clima organizacional

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kethy Pérez Correa

    2017-04-01

    Full Text Available La investigación estuvo orientada a identificar la relación existente entre el rendimiento académico de estudiantes del área de psicología en una universidad pública de Colombia y clima organizacional. Se desarrolló una metodología correlacional y descriptiva con un esquema de campo transaccional y no experimental. El núcleo poblacional estuvo conformado por cuatro (4 directivos, quince (15 docentes y setenta y nueve (79 estudiantes. Para el levantamiento de la información se aplicó como herramienta la encuesta y como instrumentos se diseñaron tres cuestionarios cerrados, con una versión de escala tipo Lickert, conformados por 51 ítems. Los resultados permitieron determinar que las variables estudiadas: clima organizacional y rendimiento académico dentro de la universidad seleccionada para el estudio están estrechamente ligadas, coincidiendo en algunos aspectos entre docentes, estudiantes y directivos y difiriendo en otros. A manera de conclusión, se evidencian tensiones en el clima organizacional como consecuencia de los estilos de dirección, por lo cual, se recomienda la implementación de un conjunto de estrategias para mejorar las condiciones del ambiente laboral y con esto, el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes.

  2. Coexisting tensions between the 'traditionmodernity' and the ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Coexisting tensions between the 'traditionmodernity' and the 'sustainability- integration' approaches to urban development policy and planning practices in Botswana. ... exists at several levels and manifest in urban planning's preoccupation with the physicality of spatial forms, often justified in the embracing of globalization.

  3. RESEARCH OF INFLUENCE OF FRONT TENSION AT ROLLING OF PERIODIC PROFILE IN NON-DRIVE ROLLERS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    L. A. Isayevich

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Influence of a forward tension is theoretically investigated at a rolling of the periodic profiles used as elastic elements of spring suspension brackets. The power balance of rolling process with a tension is analyzed. Dependences for definition of a critical corner and size of its increment are received at a rolling with a forward tension.

  4. Synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles for oil-water interfacial tension reduction in enhanced oil recovery

    Science.gov (United States)

    Soleimani, Hassan; Baig, Mirza Khurram; Yahya, Noorhana; Khodapanah, Leila; Sabet, Maziyar; Demiral, Birol M. R.; Burda, Marek

    2018-02-01

    Nanoparticles show potential use in applications associated with upstream oil and gas engineering to increase the performance of numerous methods such as wettability alteration, interfacial tension reduction, thermal conductivity and enhanced oil recovery operations. Surface tension optimization is an important parameter in enhanced oil recovery. Current work focuses on the new economical method of surface tension optimization of ZnO nanofluids for oil-water interfacial tension reduction in enhanced oil recovery. In this paper, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystallites were prepared using the chemical route and explored for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). Adsorption of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) on calcite (111) surface was investigated using the adsorption locator module of Materials Studio software. It was found that ZnO nanoparticles show maximum adsorption energy of - 253 kcal/mol. The adsorption of ZnO on the rock surface changes the wettability which results in capillary force reduction and consequently increasing EOR. The nanofluids have been prepared by varying the concentration of ZnO nanoparticles to find the optimum value for surface tension. The surface tension (ST) was calculated with different concentration of ZnO nanoparticles using the pendant drop method. The results show a maximum value of ST 35.57 mN/m at 0.3 wt% of ZnO NPs. It was found that the nanofluid with highest surface tension (0.3 wt%) resulted in higher recovery efficiency. The highest recovery factor of 11.82% at 0.3 wt% is due to the oil/water interfacial tension reduction and wettability alteration.

  5. Surface tension and Wulff shape for a lattice model without spin flip symmetry.

    CERN Document Server

    Bodineau, T

    2003-01-01

    We propose a new definition of surface tension and check it in a spin model of the Pirogov-Sinai class where the spin flip symmetry is broken. We study the model at low temperatures on the phase transitions line and prove: (i) existence of the surface tension in the thermodynamic limit, for any orientation of the surface and in all dimensions $d\\ge 2$; (ii) the Wulff shape constructed with such a surface tension coincides with the equilibrium shape of the cluster which appears when fixing the total spin magnetization (Wulff problem).

  6. Density functional theory of simple polymers in a slit pore. III. Surface tension

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hooper, Justin B.; McCoy, John D.; Curro, John G.; Swol, Frank van

    2000-01-01

    In a previous study of tangent hard-site chains near a surface, the inhomogeneous density profiles were found through density functional theory. In the current study, the surface tensions of these systems are found from the results of the previous study through a thermodynamic integration. The calculated surface tensions are then compared to those found directly through computer simulation. Both the surface tension and surface excess for polymeric systems are shown to differ qualitatively from those of atomic systems, although certain similarities are seen at high densities. (c) 2000 American Institute of Physics

  7. Rethinking Europe: “The collective” as complex tensions between mobile relations

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Cristina Aguirre Calleja

    2011-09-01

    Full Text Available This article attempts to examine the subject of Europe through the tensions that mobility generates in its inhabitants; it does so by looking at three areas, in which the tension that arises as a result of mobility as an abstract norm becomes mobility personified with effects on periodic journeys and bodies such as “the body (as illegal”, the insecurity of artistic processes and the breaking of the canon. By showing the effects of some of the tensions that are generated by mobility, the author aligns herself with a form of knowledge production that has the aim of making itself responsible for making visible these effects, with the aim of building more responsible kinds of knowledge so as to help create a more liveable world for the collective.

  8. Massage Therapy and Frequency of Chronic Tension Headaches

    Science.gov (United States)

    Quinn, Christopher; Chandler, Clint; Moraska, Albert

    2002-01-01

    Objectives. The effect of massage therapy on chronic nonmigraine headache was investigated. Methods. Chronic tension headache sufferers received structured massage therapy treatment directed toward neck and shoulder muscles. Headache frequency, duration, and intensity were recorded and compared with baseline measures. Results. Compared with baseline values, headache frequency was significantly reduced within the first week of the massage protocol. The reduction of headache frequency continued for the remainder of the study (P = .009). The duration of headaches tended to decrease during the massage treatment period (P = .058). Headache intensity was unaffected by massage (P = .19). Conclusions. The muscle-specific massage therapy technique used in this study has the potential to be a functional, nonpharmacological intervention for reducing the incidence of chronic tension headache. PMID:12356617

  9. A micro surface tension pump (MISPU) in a glass microchip.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Peng, Xing Yue Larry

    2011-01-07

    A non-membrane micro surface tension pump (MISPU) was fabricated on a glass microchip by one-step glass etching. It needs no material other than glass and is driven by digital gas pressure. The MISPU can be seen working like a piston pump inside the glass microchip under a microscope. The design of the valves (MISVA) and pistons (MISTON) was based on the surface tension theory of the micro surface tension alveolus (MISTA). The digital gas pressure controls the moving gas-liquid interface to open or close the input and output MISVAs to refill or drive the MISTON for pumping a liquid. Without any moving parts, a MISPU is a kind of long-lasting micro pump for micro chips that does not lose its water pumping efficiency over a 20-day period. The volumetric pump output varied from 0 to 10 nl s(-1) when the pump cycle time decreased from 5 min to 15 s. The pump head pressure was 1 kPa.

  10. Uniaxial Tension Test of Slender Reinforced Early Age Concrete Members

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Wenbo Zhang

    2011-08-01

    Full Text Available The present study aims to obtain the tensile properties of early age concrete based on a uniaxial tension test employing RC slender members. First, the paper shows that concrete strain is equal to the strain of rebar at the mid-span of the RC member. The tensile Young’s modulus and the strain capacity of early age concrete are estimated using strain measurements. The experiment indicated that the tensile Young’s modulus at an early age is higher than the compressive modulus. This observation was similar to one found in a previous investigation which used a direct tension test of early age concrete. Moreover, the paper describes how an empirical equation for mature concrete can be applied to the relation between uniaxial tensile strength and splitting tensile strength even in early age concrete. Based on a uniaxial tension test, the paper proposes an empirical equation for the relationship between standard bond stresses and relative slip.

  11. Bilateral tension pneumothorax resulting from a bicycle-to-bicycle collision.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Edwin, Frank; Sereboe, Lawrence; Tettey, Mark Mawutor; Aniteye, Ernest; Bankah, Patrick; Frimpong-Boateng, Kwabena

    2009-01-01

    Bilateral tension pneumothorax occurring as a result of recreational activity is exceedingly rare. A 10-year-old boy with no previous respiratory symptoms was involved in a bicycle-to-bicycle collision during play. He was the only one hurt. A few hours later, he was rushed to the general casualty unit of the emergency department of our institution with respiratory distress, diminished bilateral chest excursions and diminished breath sounds. The correct diagnosis was made after a chest radiograph was obtained in the course of resuscitation at the casualty unit. Pleural space needle decompression was suggestive of tension only on the right. Bilateral tube thoracostomies provided effective relief. He was discharged from hospital after a week in excellent health. This case illustrates the need for children to have safety instruction to reduce the risks of recreational bicycling. Chest radiography may be needed to establish the diagnosis of bilateral tension pneumothorax. Needle thoracostomy decompression is not always effective.

  12. First-principles investigation of mechanical and electronic properties of tetragonal NbAl3 under tension

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jiao, Zhen; Liu, Qi-Jun; Liu, Fu-Sheng; Tang, Bin

    2018-06-01

    Using the density functional theory calculations, the mechanical and electronic properties of NbAl3 under different tensile loads were investigated. The calculated lattice parameters, elastic constants and mechanical properties (bulk modulus, shear modulus, Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, Pugh's criterion and Cauchy's pressure) indicated that our results were in agreement with the published experimental and theoretical data at zero tension. With respect to NbAl3 under tension in this paper, the crystal structure was changed from tetragonal to orthorhombic under tension along the [100] and [101] directions. The NbAl3 crystal has been classified as brittle material under tension from 0 to 20 GPa. The obtained Young's modulus and Debye temperature monotonically decreased with increasing tension stress. Combining with mechanical and electronic properties in detail, the decreased mechanical properties were mainly due to the weakening of covalency.

  13. Comportamiento a fractura de la aleación 6061 reforzada con alúmina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Forn, A.

    2004-04-01

    Full Text Available The properties of the cast aluminium alloys 6061/(20%Al2O3p are studied. This material is obtained by Duralcan procedure after being submitted to an extrusion and forging process. These materials are submitted to T6 heat treatments in order to study their effect on mechanical properties. In this work the matrix characteristics are compared with the reinforced material in different production stages, using an optical and electronic microscopy, EDS, tensile, fatigue and ultramicrohardness tests. The mechanical properties indicate that the extruded reinforced material presents ultimate tensile strength values lower than the alloy 6061 under the same conditions, and this is related to the presence of spinel in the interface matrix-reinforcement. The fracture mechanisms are established by static and dynamic tensions in different cases, studying the possible interactions matrix-reinforcement and their repercussion in the mechanical behaviour of the alloy.

    Se estudian las propiedades de las aleaciones de aluminio 6061/(20%Al2O3p obtenidas por colada y conformadas posteriormente por extrusión y forja. Estos materiales son sometidos a tratamientos térmicos de envejecimiento (T6 para estudiar su efecto en las propiedades mecánicas. En este trabajo se comparan las características de la matriz con las del material reforzado en las distintas etapas de producción utilizando técnicas de microscopía óptica y electrónica, EDS y ensayos de tracción, fatiga y ultramicroindentación. Los ensayos mecánicos indican que el material compuesto extruido presenta valores de resistencia mecánica más bajos que la aleación 6061 tratada en las mismas condiciones y ello se relaciona con la presencia de espinela en la interfase alúmina-matriz. Se establecen los mecanismos de fractura por tensiones estáticas y dinámicas en los distintos casos, estudiando las posibles interacciones matriz

  14. [P300 potential in chldren with psychogenic nonepileptic events and tension headache].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Steczkowska, Małgorzata; Stolarska-Weryńska, Urszula; Fiederer, Krystyna; Kaciński, Marek

    2016-01-01

    Psychotherapy is being used as the primary treatment in nonepileptic psychogenic seizures and tension headaches in children. Children's intelectual functioning is related to certain endogenous neurophysiological parameters. The goal of this study was to establish whether the endogenous potential P300 is different in children with nonepileptic psychogenic events and with tension headaches, and whether it changes under the influence of the cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy. The study included a group of 47 children: 20 with nonepileptic psychogenic seizures (18 girls and 2 boys), aged 11.09-17.11 years, and 27 children with tension headache (25 girls and 2 boys), aged 10.11-17.11 years. The P300 potential was induced using an auditory stimulus. The reaction time, the amount of mistakes and the percentage of attention focus was measured in all children. All children attended 8-10 psychotherapy sessions. The P300 potential was registered before and after the course of therapy, and additionally in both cycles also after a 3 minutes hyperventilation. Medium P300 parameters were closer to normal in the group of children with tension headaches rather than in the group with nonepileptic seizures. The shorter was the reaction time in the first measurement, the higher the attention score and the shorter the reaction time in the second measurement - this was visible in the results of children with nonepileptic seizures, in contrast to children with tension headaches. The use of hyperventilation caused a noticeable extension of the reaction time in the P300 measurement, with other components unchanged (mistake count and percentage of attention focus). The endogenous potential P300 does vary, although on a statistically insignificant level, in groups of children with tension headaches and nonepileptic seizures.

  15. Soil tension mediates isotope fractionation during soil water evaporation

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gaj, Marcel; McDonnell, Jeffrey

    2017-04-01

    Isotope tracing of the water cycle is increasing in its use and usefulness. Many new studies are extracting soil waters and relating these to streamflow, groundwater recharge and plant transpiration. Nevertheless, unlike isotope fractionation factors from open water bodies, soil water fractionation factors are poorly understood and until now, only empirically derived. In contrast to open water evaporation where temperature, humidity and vapor pressure gradient define fractionation (as codified in the well-known Craig and Gordon model), soil water evaporation includes additionally, fractionation by matrix effects. There is yet no physical explanation of kinetic and equilibrium fraction from soil water within the soil profile. Here we present a simple laboratory experiment with four admixtures of soil grain size (from sand to silt to clay). Oven-dried samples were spiked with water of known isotopic composition at different soil water contents. Soils were then stored in sealed bags and the headspace filled with dry air and allowed to equilibrate for 24hours. Isotopic analysis of the headspace vapor was done with a Los Gatos Inc. water vapor isotope analyzer. Soil water potential of subsamples were measured with a water potential meter. We show for the first time that soil tension controls isotope fractionation in the resident soil water. Below a Pf 3.5 the δ-values of 18O and 2H of the headspace vapor is more positive and increases with increasing soil water potential. Surprisingly, we find that the relationship between soil tension and equilibrium fractionation is independent of soil type. However, δ-values of each soil type plot along a distinct evaporation line. These results indicate that equilibrium fractionation is affected by soil tension in addition to temperature. Therefore, at high soil water tension (under dry conditions) equilibrium fractionation is not consistent with current empirical formulations that ignore these effects. These findings may have

  16. How to simulate global cosmic strings with large string tension

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Klaer, Vincent B.; Moore, Guy D., E-mail: vklaer@theorie.ikp.physik.tu-darmstadt.de, E-mail: guy.moore@physik.tu-darmstadt.de [Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 2, Darmstadt, D-64289 Germany (Germany)

    2017-10-01

    Global string networks may be relevant in axion production in the early Universe, as well as other cosmological scenarios. Such networks contain a large hierarchy of scales between the string core scale and the Hubble scale, ln( f {sub a} / H ) ∼ 70, which influences the network dynamics by giving the strings large tensions T ≅ π f {sub a} {sup 2} ln( f {sub a} / H ). We present a new numerical approach to simulate such global string networks, capturing the tension without an exponentially large lattice.

  17. Weekly Rhythms of Parents' Work Stress, Home Stress, and Parent-Adolescent Tension.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Almeida, David M.; McDonald, Daniel

    1998-01-01

    Examined relationships between weekly rhythms of work and family stress and parent-adolescent tension. Found that parent-adolescent tension was most likely to occur on Sundays and Mondays, because parental work stress was more frequent at the beginning of the work week and home stress happened most on the weekend. Mothers' work and home stress…

  18. Educational Leadership: Key Challenges and Ethical Tensions

    Science.gov (United States)

    Duignan, Patrick

    2007-01-01

    "Educational Leadership" is a major research book on contemporary leadership challenges for educational leaders. In this groundbreaking new work, educational leaders in schools, including teachers, are provided with ways of analysing and resolving common but complex leadership challenges. Ethical tensions inherent in these challenges are…

  19. Insertion Testing of Polyethylene Glycol Microneedle Array into Cultured Human Skin with Biaxial Tension

    Science.gov (United States)

    Takano, Naoki; Tachikawa, Hiroto; Miyano, Takaya; Nishiyabu, Kazuaki

    Aiming at the practical use of polyethylene glycol (PEG) microneedles for transdermal drug delivery system (DDS), a testing apparatus for their insertion into cultured human skin has been developed. To simulate the variety of conditions of human skin, biaxial tension can be applied to the cultured human skin. An adopted testing scheme to apply and control the biaxial tension is similar to the deep-draw forming technique. An attention was also paid to the short-time setup of small, thin and wet cultured skin. One dimensional array with four needles was inserted and influence of tension was discussed. It was found that tension, deflection of skin during insertion and original curvature of skin are the important parameters for microneedles array design.

  20. Liquid metal actuation by electrical control of interfacial tension

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Eaker, Collin B.; Dickey, Michael D., E-mail: michael-dickey@ncsu.edu [Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, 911 Partners Way, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695 (United States)

    2016-09-15

    By combining metallic electrical conductivity with low viscosity, liquid metals and liquid metal alloys offer new and exciting opportunities to serve as reconfigurable components of electronic, microfluidic, and electromagnetic devices. Here, we review the physics and applications of techniques that utilize voltage to manipulate the interfacial tension of liquid metals; such techniques include electrocapillarity, continuous electrowetting, electrowetting-on-dielectric, and electrochemistry. These techniques lower the interfacial tension between liquid metals and a surrounding electrolyte by driving charged species (or in the case of electrochemistry, chemical species) to the interface. The techniques are useful for manipulating and actuating liquid metals at sub-mm length scales where interfacial forces dominate. We focus on metals and alloys that are liquid near or below room temperature (mercury, gallium, and gallium-based alloys). The review includes discussion of mercury—despite its toxicity—because it has been utilized in numerous applications and it offers a way of introducing several phenomena without the complications associated with the oxide layer that forms on gallium and its alloys. The review focuses on the advantages, applications, opportunities, challenges, and limitations of utilizing voltage to control interfacial tension as a method to manipulate liquid metals.

  1. Chinese Herbal Therapy for Chronic Tension-Type Headache

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    YanQing Tong

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Objective. To investigate the effects of Chinese herbal therapy on chronic tension-type headache. Method. 132 patients with chronic tension-type headache were enrolled in the study. All patients filled in headache questionnaire at baseline phase and 4, 8, and 12 weeks after baseline. As an alternative therapeutic method, the patients were orally administrated Chinese herbal concoction for ten days. Therapeutic effects were evaluated during 12 weeks of followup. Result. In the primary outcome analysis, mean headache scores were significantly lower in the group. Scores fell by 25%–40% during 12 weeks of followup. Patients fared significantly well for most secondary outcome measures. From baseline to 4–12 weeks of followup, the number of days with headache decreased by 6.8–9.5 days. Duration of each attack also significantly (P < 0.05 shortened from 5.3 hours at 4 weeks to 4.9 hours after 8 weeks of followup. Days with medication per four weeks at followup were lower than those at the baseline. The differences were significant (P < 0.05, 0.01 for all end points. Days with medication fell by 56.6% at 12 weeks. Conclusion. The study has provided evidence that Chinese herbal therapy can be clinically useful for the treatment of chronic tension-type headache.

  2. Vacuum phase transition solves the H0 tension

    Science.gov (United States)

    Di Valentino, Eleonora; Linder, Eric V.; Melchiorri, Alessandro

    2018-02-01

    Taking the Planck cosmic microwave background data and the more direct Hubble constant measurement data as unaffected by systematic offsets, the values of the Hubble constant H0 interpreted within the Λ CDM cosmological constant and cold dark matter cosmological model are in ˜3.3 σ tension. We show that the Parker vacuum metamorphosis (VM) model, physically motivated by quantum gravitational effects and with the same number of parameters as Λ CDM , can remove the H0 tension and can give an improved fit to data (up to a mean Δ χ2=-7.5 ). It also ameliorates tensions with weak lensing data and the high redshift Lyman alpha forest data. Considering Bayesian evidence, we found in the case of the Planck data set alone positive evidence for a VM model against a cosmological constant both in the six- and nine-parameter framework. When the R16 data set is also considered, we found a strong evidence for the VM model against a cosmological constant in nine-parameter space. We separately consider a scale-dependent scaling of the gravitational lensing amplitude, such as provided by modified gravity, neutrino mass, or cold dark energy, motivated by the somewhat different cosmological parameter estimates for low and high CMB multipoles. We find that no such scale dependence is preferred.

  3. Sensitive and simple method for measuring wire tensions

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Atac, M.; Mishina, M.

    1982-08-01

    Measuring tension of wires in drift chambers and multiwire proportional chambers after construction is an important process because sometimes wires get loose after soldering, crimping or glueing. One needs to sort out wires which have tensions below a required minimum value to prevent electrostatic instabilities. There have been several methods reported on this subject in which the wires were excited either with sinusoidal current under magnetic field or with sinusoidal voltage electrostatically coupled to the wire, searching for a resonating frequency with which the wires vibrate mechanically. Then the vibration is detected either visually, optically or with magnetic pick-up directly touching the wires. Any of these is only applicable to the usual multiwire chamber which has open access to the wire plane. They also need fairly large excitation currents to induce a detectable vibration to the wires. Here we report a very simple method that can be used for any type of wire chamber or proportional tube system for measuring wire tension. Only a very small current is required for the wire excitation to obtain a large enough signal because it detects the induced emf voltage across a wire. A sine-wave oscillator and a digital voltmeter are sufficient devices aside from a permanent magnet to provide the magnetic field around the wire. A useful application of this method to a large system is suggested

  4. Rapid optimization of tension distribution for cable-driven parallel manipulators with redundant cables

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ouyang, Bo; Shang, Weiwei

    2016-03-01

    The solution of tension distributions is infinite for cable-driven parallel manipulators(CDPMs) with redundant cables. A rapid optimization method for determining the optimal tension distribution is presented. The new optimization method is primarily based on the geometry properties of a polyhedron and convex analysis. The computational efficiency of the optimization method is improved by the designed projection algorithm, and a fast algorithm is proposed to determine which two of the lines are intersected at the optimal point. Moreover, a method for avoiding the operating point on the lower tension limit is developed. Simulation experiments are implemented on a six degree-of-freedom(6-DOF) CDPM with eight cables, and the results indicate that the new method is one order of magnitude faster than the standard simplex method. The optimal distribution of tension distribution is thus rapidly established on real-time by the proposed method.

  5. Identificación de una nueva área de infección por Rickettsias del grupo typhi: estudio de un brote de tifus en Huánuco

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rosa Mostorino E

    2003-03-01

    Full Text Available Objetivos: Investigar un brote de síndrome febril en el distrito de Punchao mediante una evaluación clínica, laboratorial y entomológica para conocer los factores asociados a la aparición de dicho brote. Materiales y métodos: Debido al reporte de tres pacientes con cuadro clínico febril asociado a cefalea, mialgias y postración en la semana epidemiológica Nº41 del año 2000, procedentes del distrito de Punchao, Humalíes, Huánuco y ante la información de presentación inusual de pacientes febriles en la última semana en dicho lugar, se decidió investigar la naturaleza y características del brote. Se definió como caso a todo paciente con cuadro febril agudo y uno de estos síntomas: cefalea, mialgias o postración; procediéndose a la búsqueda activa de éstos y a la evaluación de presencia de anticuerpos para rickettsias en suero mediante inmunofluorescencia indirecta (IFI. Se capturaron roedores y se colectaron ectoparásitos en las viviendas (roedores, animales domésticos y humanos, a fin de identificar la presencia de Rickettsias en ellos mediante IFI, aislamiento o PCR. Resultados: No se logró el aislamiento del agente causal. Se evidenció circulación de la Rickettsia sp. (serología positiva tanto en humanos (en casos y en no casos como en roedores. Se evidenció mayor presencia de malos hábitos de aseo y condiciones inadecuadas de saneamiento básico en los casos (respecto a los no casos y una disminución de los casos luego del inicio de las medidas de control. Conclusiones: Las evidencias encontradas permitieron identificar un brote de tifus en Punchao, no pudiéndose determinar la especie involucrada debido a que no se aisló el agente causal.

  6. Robust Tensioned Kevlar Suspension Design

    Science.gov (United States)

    Young, Joseph B.; Naylor, Bret J.; Holmes, Warren A.

    2012-01-01

    One common but challenging problem in cryogenic engineering is to produce a mount that has excellent thermal isolation but is also rigid. Such mounts can be achieved by suspending the load from a network of fibers or strings held in tension. Kevlar fibers are often used for this purpose owing to their high strength and low thermal conductivity. A suite of compact design elements has been developed to improve the reliability of suspension systems made of Kevlar.

  7. Influencia del arenado de la aleación Ti6Al4V en la dureza subsuperficial y estado de tensiones residuales

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Multigner, M.

    2009-02-01

    Full Text Available Sandblasting of Ti6Al4V alloy is used to enhance mechanical fixation of the implants. Under the mechanical point of view, such treatment yields a decrease of the fatigue resistance. In this work we evaluate by means of synchrotron radiation the residual stress state in sandblasted specimens and the further relaxation process after a thermal oxidation treatment at 500 °C. It has been found a significant compressive stress gradient with a maximum of about 700 MPa near the surface. Despite the severe deformation experienced by the surface during sandblasting microhardness measurements failed to show any sufsurface hardening. A thermal oxidation treatment (500 °C/ 1h of the sandblasted specimen yield the stress relief and a significant subsurface hardening.

    El arenado de la aleación Ti6Al4V es un tratamiento orientado a la mejora de la fijación mecánica de los implantes. Sin embargo, dicho tratamiento contribuye a una disminución de la resistencia a la fatiga del material. En este trabajo se ha determinado, mediante radiación sincrotrón, el estado de tensiones residuales en muestras arenadas de esta aleación y su posterior proceso de relajación tras un recocido a 500 °C. Se observa que el arenado ocasiona un gradiente de tensiones residuales de compresión con valores de hasta unos 700 MPa en las proximidades de la superficie. A pesar de la deformación severa que experimenta el material en esta zona, las medidas de microdureza arrojan valores similares a los obtenidos en el interior del material. Tras el tratamiento térmico se observa una relajación de las tensiones residuales y un importante aumento de la dureza superficial.

  8. Linking melodic expectation to expressive performance timing and perceived musical tension.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gingras, Bruno; Pearce, Marcus T; Goodchild, Meghan; Dean, Roger T; Wiggins, Geraint; McAdams, Stephen

    2016-04-01

    This research explored the relations between the predictability of musical structure, expressive timing in performance, and listeners' perceived musical tension. Studies analyzing the influence of expressive timing on listeners' affective responses have been constrained by the fact that, in most pieces, the notated durations limit performers' interpretive freedom. To circumvent this issue, we focused on the unmeasured prelude, a semi-improvisatory genre without notated durations. In Experiment 1, 12 professional harpsichordists recorded an unmeasured prelude on a harpsichord equipped with a MIDI console. Melodic expectation was assessed using a probabilistic model (IDyOM [Information Dynamics of Music]) whose expectations have been previously shown to match closely those of human listeners. Performance timing information was extracted from the MIDI data using a score-performance matching algorithm. Time-series analyses showed that, in a piece with unspecified note durations, the predictability of melodic structure measurably influenced tempo fluctuations in performance. In Experiment 2, another 10 harpsichordists, 20 nonharpsichordist musicians, and 20 nonmusicians listened to the recordings from Experiment 1 and rated the perceived tension continuously. Granger causality analyses were conducted to investigate predictive relations among melodic expectation, expressive timing, and perceived tension. Although melodic expectation, as modeled by IDyOM, modestly predicted perceived tension for all participant groups, neither of its components, information content or entropy, was Granger causal. In contrast, expressive timing was a strong predictor and was Granger causal. However, because melodic expectation was also predictive of expressive timing, our results outline a complete chain of influence from predictability of melodic structure via expressive performance timing to perceived musical tension. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved).

  9. A Comparison of Effective Tension Calculation for Design Belt Conveyor between CEMA and DIN Standard

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Satria Iman

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available In the present era, many industries are demanding material transfer equipment that works maximally and cheaply. Belt Conveyor is one of the most efficient material transfer equipment compared to heavy equipment or other transportation equipment, because it can transport the material in large capacity. When designing conveyor belts, many industries want large transport capacity at low cost. One of the cost savings can be done with low motor power consumption. Many standards describe the effective tension calculation on the conveyor belt in detail with the parameters, since the effective tension calculation results are essential for determining motor power. This paper aims to analyze the effective tension on conveyor belts using CEMA 5th, CEMA 6th and DIN 22101 standards with case studies of 1000 TPH carrying capacity and 3 m/s conveyor speed. The difference between CEMA and DIN when determining the effective tension is on the use of coefficient of friction, because DIN uses a global coefficient of friction while CEMA uses different friction coefficients on idler, belt and material. This difference in coefficient of friction results in different ways of calculating the resistance being the accumulation of the effective tension. The result is an effective tension value using DIN 22101 standard of 22,148.16 N with motor power consumption of 66.5 kW, while effective tension value using CEMA 5th standard is 32.201.66 N with motor power consumption 96.47 kW, and effective tension value using CEMA 6th standard is 29,686.48 N with 89.06 kW motor power consumption.

  10. Differences of optic disc appearance between normal tension and high tension glaucoma patients

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Stojčić Milan

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Introduction. The term glaucoma is used to cover a wide range of diseases, whose main feature is optic neuropathy. According to the level of intraocular pressure (IOP, the open angle glaucoma is arbitrarily divided into high tension glaucoma (HTG and normal tension glaucoma (NTG. Objective. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences of optic disc cup appearance between patients with NTG and HTG. Methods. Prospective study included 30 patients (60 eyes with NTG and 30 patients (60 eyes with HTG. IOP was measured by Goldmann applanation tonometry. Examination of optic disc head was performed by indirect ophthalmoscopy with Volk 90 D superfield lens through a dilated pupil to observe qualitative and quantitative parameters. Visual fields were examined in all patients with the Octopus program G1, full threshold strategy (Octopus 500 EZ, Interzeag, Switzerland. Results. Vertical form of optic disc cup was present in 11 eyes with NTG (18.3% and three eyes with HTG (5% (p<0.05. A disc with localized tissue loss (polar notching on the inferior pole was observed in eight eyes with NTG (13.3% and in one eye with HTG (1.7% (p<0.01. Uniformly enlarged, round cup was more frequent in patients with HTG than NTG: 93.3% and 68.3% respectively (p<0.05. Conclusion. The perceived differences indicate a complex multifactorial nature of glaucoma disease and a possible existence of two pathophysiological ways of optic disc changes within the same basic disease.

  11. Strength and stiffness of uniaxially tensioned reinforced concrete panels subjected to membrane shear. Technical report

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hilmy, S.I.; White, R.N.; Gergely, P.

    1982-06-01

    This report presents experimental and analytical results on internal pressurization effects and seismic shear effects in a concrete containment vessel that is cracked by tension in one direction only. The experimental program, which was restricted to 6 in. thick flat specimens with two-way reinforcement, included establishment of (a) extensional stiffness for uniaxially tensioned specimens stressed to 0.6fy, and (b) shear strength and stiffness of these cracked specimens with tension levels ranging from 0 to 0.9fy; values were about 10 to 15 percent higher than in similar biaxially tensioned specimens. Eleven (11) specimens were tested (6 in monotonic shear and 5 in reversing cyclic shear)

  12. Internationalization and Global Tension: Lessons From History

    Science.gov (United States)

    Altbach, Philip G.; de Wit, Hans

    2015-01-01

    Increasing political and military tension in several parts of the world will inevitably affect international higher education. Nationalist, religious, and ideological conflicts challenge the original ideas of international cooperation and exchange in higher education as promoters of peace and mutual understanding and of global engagement. Since…

  13. Transcutaneous oxygen tension in imminent foot gangrene

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Tønnesen, K H

    1978-01-01

    Transcutaneous oxygen tension at 44 degree C and maximal isotope clearance (90m Tc-pretechnetate + histramine) just proximal to the 1st toe and systolic toe blood pressure (strain gauge) were studied on a tilt table in patients with various degrees of obstructive arteriosclerotic disease. In legs...

  14. The Effective Lifetime of ACSR Full Tension Splice Connector Operated at Higher Temperature

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wang, Jy-An John; Lara-Curzio, Edgar; King Jr, Thomas J.; Graziano, Joe; Chan, John; Goodwin, Tip

    2009-01-01

    This paper is to address the issues related to integrity of ACSR full tension splice connectors operated at high temperatures. A protocol of integrating analytical and experimental approaches to evaluate the integrity of a full tension single-stage splice connector (SSC) assembly during service at high operating temperature was developed. Based on the developed protocol the effective lifetime evaluation was demonstrated with ACSR Drake conductor SSC systems. The investigation indicates that thermal cycling temperature and frequency, conductor cable tension loading, and the compressive residual stress field within a SSC system have significant impact on the SSC integrity and the associated effective lifetime

  15. Bubble extinction in Hele-Shaw flow with surface tension and kinetic undercooling regularization

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Dallaston, Michael C; McCue, Scott W

    2013-01-01

    We perform an analytic and numerical study of an inviscid contracting bubble in a two-dimensional Hele-Shaw cell, where the effects of both surface tension and kinetic undercooling on the moving bubble boundary are not neglected. In contrast to expanding bubbles, in which both boundary effects regularize the ill-posedness arising from the viscous (Saffman–Taylor) instability, we show that in contracting bubbles the two boundary effects are in competition, with surface tension stabilizing the boundary, and kinetic undercooling destabilizing it. This competition leads to interesting bifurcation behaviour in the asymptotic shape of the bubble in the limit it approaches extinction. In this limit, the boundary may tend to become either circular, or approach a line or ‘slit’ of zero thickness, depending on the initial condition and the value of a nondimensional surface tension parameter. We show that over a critical range of surface tension values, both these asymptotic shapes are stable. In this regime there exists a third, unstable branch of limiting self-similar bubble shapes, with an asymptotic aspect ratio (dependent on the surface tension) between zero and one. We support our asymptotic analysis with a numerical scheme that utilizes the applicability of complex variable theory to Hele-Shaw flow. (paper)

  16. Rearfoot eversion has indirect effects on plantar fascia tension by changing the amount of arch collapse.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lee, Sae Yong; Hertel, Jay; Lee, Sung Cheol

    2010-01-01

    Rearfoot eversion motion and arch height are believed to contribute to increased tension on the plantar fascia and arch collapse during gait but the specifics of these relationships are not clear. To examine the relationships among static arch height, rearfoot eversion, dynamic arch height, and plantar fascia tension. 28 healthy males participated. After static arch height was measured, the subjects were asked to run at 4.5m/s while frontal plane rearfoot motion, dynamic arch height, and ground reaction forces were collected. The relationships among variables were examined with bivariate correlations and path analysis. The results indicated a high correlation between dynamic arch height and static arch height (r=0.642), plantar fascia tension (r=-0.797), and maximum rearfoot eversion motion during gait (r=-0.518). The path analysis model without the direct rearfoot eversion effect explained 81.2% of the variance in plantar fascia tension, while the model with the direct rearfoot eversion effect explained 82.1% of the variance in plantar fascia tension. Including the indirect effect of maximum rearfoot eversion motion on plantar fascia tension through control of dynamic arch height is the model that best explains the interrelationships of these foot characteristics. The amount of maximum rearfoot eversion motion itself is not a good predictor of plantar fascia tension, however, together with the arch height, maximum rearfoot eversion motion is a good predictor because it has a pronounced indirect effect on plantar fascia tension. Copyright 2010. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

  17. Tension Pneumothorax During Surgery for Thoracic Spine Stabilization in Prone Position

    OpenAIRE

    Rankin, Demicha; Mathew, Paul S.; Kurnutala, Lakshmi N.; Soghomonyan, Suren; Bergese, Sergio D.

    2014-01-01

    The intraoperative progression of a simple or occult pneumothorax into a tension pneumothorax can be a devastating clinical scenario. Routine use of prophylactic thoracostomy prior to anesthesia and initiation of controlled ventilation in patients with simple or occult pneumothorax remains controversial. We report the case of a 75-year-old trauma patient with an insignificant pneumothorax on the right who developed an intraoperative tension pneumothorax on the left side while undergoing thora...

  18. Needle Decompression of Tension Pneumothorax Tactical Combat Casualty Care Guideline Recommendations

    Science.gov (United States)

    2012-07-06

    suspected torso trauma , consider a tension pneumothorax and decompress the chest on the side of the injury with a 14-gauge, 3.25 inch (8cm) needle...and known or suspected torso trauma , consider a tension pneumothorax and decompress the chest on the side of the injury with a 14-gauge, 3.25 inch...these studies used civilian volunteers, retrospective trauma database analysis and cadavers to measure the mean chest wall thickness. This population

  19. Fracture mechanical analysis of strengthened concrete tension members with one crack

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hansen, Christian Skodborg; Stang, Henrik

    2012-01-01

    A concrete tension member strengthened 2 with fiber reinforced polymer plates on two sides 3 is analyzed with non-linear fracture mechanics. The 4 analysis of the strengthened tension member incorpo5 rates cohesive properties for both concrete and inter6 face between concrete and strengthening...... the structural classification parameters, is inves13 tigated in a non-dimensional analysis, and found to 14 depend strongly on the ratio between interfacial and 15 concrete fracture energies....

  20. The idea of animal welfare - developments and tensions

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Sandøe, Peter; Jensen, Karsten Klint

    2013-01-01

    This paper focuses on developments and tensions within the idea of animal welfare. There is divergence among those who believe in the idea of animal welfare. First, we discuss what it takes for farm animal welfare to be good enough. How far should society go beyond the starting point...... of the Brambell Committee, which was to prevent avoidable suffering? Secondly, we turn to the tricky question of how welfare should be distributed between animals. Here, a tension within the concept of animal welfare, between a focus on the indivudual animal and on the herd, flock or shoal, is pointed out....... Finally, the role of economic considerations is considered, given that animal production takes place in a global market with free trade between countries with various standards of animal welfare....

  1. A saúde do trabalhador em radiologia: algumas considerações

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cátia Inácia Brand

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Se trata de un estudio exploratorio, con diseño transversal, que tuvo como objetivo identificar los signos y los síntomas reportados por los profesionales que trabajan en los servicios de radiología y sus conocimientos sobre la protección radiológica y la legislación. Los datos fueron recolectados a partir de ocho técnicos de radiología que trabajan en tres oficinas ubicadas en la región noroeste del estado de Rio Grande do Sul - Brasil. Se utilizó un cuestionario auto-administrado, y los datos se analizaron mediante estadística descriptiva. La cefalea fue el síntoma más frecuentemente citado por los trabajadores. Se observó la falta de conocimientos sobre la legislación y el uso del equipo de protección personal. Se cree que la valoración del trabajo se inicia con acciones que privilegien la seguridad ocupacional, para prevenir lesiones y promover la salud de los trabajadores.

  2. Actualización en la prevención y tratamiento de la migraña

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Laura S. Visens

    2014-04-01

    Full Text Available La migraña es una afección sumamente frecuente y con importante repercusión socioeconómica. De acuerdo con los informes más recientes de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, su diagnóstico y tratamiento distan mucho de ser óptimos. Los especialistas han realizado esfuerzos importantes para clasificar las cefaleas, entre ellas la migraña, a fin de disponer de una herramienta útil para el diagnóstico y para orientar el tratamiento. Por otra parte, los avances en el conocimiento de la fisiopatología de la migraña se acompañaron de nuevas alternativas terapéuticas. Entre estas nuevas opciones se encuentran la toxina onabotulínica A y el topiramato. La detección oportuna de los trastornos migrañosos y el tratamiento adecuado y suficiente, tanto sintomático como preventivo, son fundamentales para disminuir la carga personal, familiar y social que representa especialmente la migraña crónica.

  3. El problema del desencadenamiento de la psicosis en las elaboraciones de Jacques Lacan (1931-1976): sus tensiones con la categoría de psicosis no desencadenada

    OpenAIRE

    Aguirre, Javier

    2016-01-01

    Esta investigación examina las tensiones y controversias desde la perspectiva del psicoanálisis de orientación lacaniana entre los diversos desarrollos de Lacan sobre el desencadenamiento de la psicosis y la categoría de psicosis no desencadenada. El estudio de la categoría de psicosis no desencadenadas es un tema que en los últimos años ha tenido un lugar de importancia en las producciones vinculadas a la psicosis, sin embargo, ha sido tratado y abordado de diversas maneras, no llegando has...

  4. 'Cada día atrasamos el reloj un cuarto de hora para llegar con la hora americana'. Diario de viaje hacia el exilio

    OpenAIRE

    Bocanegra Barbecho, Lidia

    2015-01-01

    Muchos exiliados republicanos emigraron a América Latina después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, desde Francia y por sus propios medios. Algunos se exiliaron a América por falta de trabajo en Francia, otros por miedo a una Tercera Guerra Mundial. Corrían tiempos duros en una Europa diezmada por los azotes de una guerra y por el inicio de las tensiones políticas en el concierto internacional que daría lugar a la Guerra Fría. En esta tesitura, un electricista con compromisos políticos en su tierr...

  5. Active Tension Network model reveals an exotic mechanical state realized in epithelial tissues

    Science.gov (United States)

    Noll, Nicholas; Mani, Madhav; Heemskerk, Idse; Streicha, Sebastian; Shraiman, Boris

    Mechanical interactions play a crucial role in epithelial morphogenesis, yet understanding the complex mechanisms through which stress and deformation affect cell behavior remains an open problem. Here we formulate and analyze the Active Tension Network (ATN) model, which assumes that mechanical balance of cells is dominated by cortical tension and introduces tension dependent active remodeling of the cortex. We find that ATNs exhibit unusual mechanical properties: i) ATN behaves as a fluid at short times, but at long times it supports external tension, like a solid; ii) its mechanical equilibrium state has extensive degeneracy associated with a discrete conformal - ''isogonal'' - deformation of cells. ATN model predicts a constraint on equilibrium cell geometry, which we demonstrate to hold in certain epithelial tissues. We further show that isogonal modes are observed in a fruit fly embryo, accounting for the striking variability of apical area of ventral cells and helping understand the early phase of gastrulation. Living matter realizes new and exotic mechanical states, understanding which helps understand biological phenomena.

  6. Liquid-liquid interfacial tension of electrolyte solutions

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Bier, Markus; Zwanikken, J.W.; van Roij, R.H.H.G.

    2008-01-01

    It is theoretically shown that the excess liquid-liquid interfacial tension between two electrolyte solutions as a function of the ionic strength I behaves asymptotically as (-) for small I and as (±I) for large I. The former regime is dominated by the electrostatic potential due to an unequal

  7. Rebellion and Agrarian Tensions in Sierra Leone

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Peters, K.; Richards, P.

    2011-01-01

    This paper assesses the extent to which customary governance in Sierra Leone can be held responsible for an increasingly unstable two-class agrarian society. A case is made for regarding the civil war (1991–2002) as being an eruption of long-term, entrenched agrarian tensions exacerbated by chiefly

  8. Aspectos Psicosociales Relacionados con el TEPT en Pacientes con Cáncer de Mama

    OpenAIRE

    Hernández Moreno, Fresia Paloma; Landero Hernández, René

    2015-01-01

    El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la relación del estrés, la depresión y las estrategias de afrontamiento con el Trastorno de Estrés Postraumático (TEPT) en una muestra de pacientes con cáncer de mama. Se realizó con una muestra no probabilística de 52 mujeres con cáncer de mama. Se encontró una relación entre TEPT y estrés (r= .344, p= .014), TEPT y depresión (rs=.346, p= .013). El TEPT correlacionó con evitación cognitiva (r= .437, p= .001), TEPT y desesperanza (rs= .437, p= .001) y TEPT...

  9. Machine for winding under tension a prestressing wire

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Perez, M.A.; Thillet, Georges.

    1975-01-01

    This invention concerns a machine for winding under tension a prestressing wire or cable. It is used in the wrapping of cylindrical structures, particularly concrete vessels, for the purpose of achieving radial prestressing in them [fr

  10. The optimum tension for bridging sutures in transosseous-equivalent rotator cuff repair: a cadaveric biomechanical study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Park, Ji Soon; McGarry, Michelle H; Campbell, Sean T; Seo, Hyuk Jun; Lee, Yeon Soo; Kim, Sae Hoon; Lee, Thay Q; Oh, Joo Han

    2015-09-01

    Transosseous-equivalent (TOE) rotator cuff repair can increase contact area and contact pressure between the repaired cuff tendon and bony footprint and can show higher ultimate loads to failure and smaller gap formation compared with other repair techniques. However, it has been suggested that medial rotator cuff failure after TOE repair may result from increased bridging suture tension. To determine optimum bridging suture tension in TOE repair by evaluating footprint contact and construct failure characteristics at different tensions. Controlled laboratory study. A total of 18 fresh-frozen cadaveric shoulders, randomly divided into 3 groups, were constructed with a TOE configuration using the same medial suture anchor and placing a Tekscan sensing pad between the repaired rotator cuff tendon and footprint. Nine of the 18 shoulders were used to measure footprint contact characteristics. With use of the Tekscan measurement system, the contact pressure and area between the rotator cuff tendon and greater tuberosity were quantified for bridging suture tensions of 60, 90, and 120 N with glenohumeral abduction angles of 0° and 30° and humeral rotation angles of 30° (internal), 0°, and 30° (external). TOE constructs of all 18 shoulders then underwent construct failure testing (cyclic loading and load to failure) to determine the yield load, ultimate load, stiffness, hysteresis, strain, and failure mode at 60 and 120 N of tension. As bridging suture tension increased, contact force, contact pressure, and peak pressure increased significantly at all positions (P .05 for all). Increasing bridging suture tension to over 90 N did not improve contact area but did increase contact force and pressure. Bridging suture tension did not significantly affect ultimate failure loads. Considering the risks of overtensioning bridging sutures, it may be clinically more beneficial to keep bridging suture tension below 90 N. © 2015 The Author(s).

  11. Stride-related rein tension patterns in walk and trot in the ridden horse

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Egenvall, Agneta; Roepstorff, Lars; Eisersiö, Marie; Rhodin, Marie; van Weeren, René

    2015-01-01

    BACKGROUND: The use of tack (equipment such as saddles and reins) and especially of bits because of rein tension resulting in pressure in the mouth is questioned because of welfare concerns. We hypothesised that rein tension patterns in walk and trot reflect general gait kinematics, but are also

  12. Multiple oxygen tension environments reveal diverse patterns of transcriptional regulation in primary astrocytes.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Wayne Chadwick

    Full Text Available The central nervous system normally functions at O(2 levels which would be regarded as hypoxic by most other tissues. However, most in vitro studies of neurons and astrocytes are conducted under hyperoxic conditions without consideration of O(2-dependent cellular adaptation. We analyzed the reactivity of astrocytes to 1, 4 and 9% O(2 tensions compared to the cell culture standard of 20% O(2, to investigate their ability to sense and translate this O(2 information to transcriptional activity. Variance of ambient O(2 tension for rat astrocytes resulted in profound changes in ribosomal activity, cytoskeletal and energy-regulatory mechanisms and cytokine-related signaling. Clustering of transcriptional regulation patterns revealed four distinct response pattern groups that directionally pivoted around the 4% O(2 tension, or demonstrated coherent ascending/decreasing gene expression patterns in response to diverse oxygen tensions. Immune response and cell cycle/cancer-related signaling pathway transcriptomic subsets were significantly activated with increasing hypoxia, whilst hemostatic and cardiovascular signaling mechanisms were attenuated with increasing hypoxia. Our data indicate that variant O(2 tensions induce specific and physiologically-focused transcript regulation patterns that may underpin important physiological mechanisms that connect higher neurological activity to astrocytic function and ambient oxygen environments. These strongly defined patterns demonstrate a strong bias for physiological transcript programs to pivot around the 4% O(2 tension, while uni-modal programs that do not, appear more related to pathological actions. The functional interaction of these transcriptional 'programs' may serve to regulate the dynamic vascular responsivity of the central nervous system during periods of stress or heightened activity.

  13. Psychological issues in the evaluation and treatment of tension-type headache.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rosen, Noah L

    2012-12-01

    Tension-type headache is the most common headache disorder, affecting approximately 40 % of Americans within a one-year span. Although the most common form, episodic tension-type headache, is rarely impairing, more frequent tension-type headache can occur with significant disability and psychological comorbidity. Appreciating the psychological impact, assessing the associated biopsychosocial issues, and understanding patients' coping styles are important in forming an appropriate treatment plan and maximizing treatment outcomes. A range of psychological therapies including relaxation training, cognitive behavioral therapy, biofeedback and mindfulness have demonstrated utility in treating chronic pain conditions and reducing the associated disability. This may be particularly applicable to special populations, including pediatric patients, pregnant patients and geriatric. Psychological assessment and treatment may be done conjointly with medication management and expands treatment options. There is great need to continue researching the effects of psychological treatments, standardizing interventions and making them available to the wider population.

  14. Distribución de potencia en los alimentadores de baja tensión con varios conductores por fase; Power Distribution in Low Tension Feeders with Several Phase Conductors

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Héctor S Llamo Laborí

    2011-02-01

    Full Text Available En las redes de distribución a 120/208 V, las corrientes debidas a las cargas son muy altas y ello obliga ainstalar varios conductores en paralelo por fase. La mayor o menor asimetría de las corrientes que circulan porcada uno de los conductores que forman cada fase no son función del balanceo que se haga de la carga ni delmayor o menor desbalance de las tensiones sino de la disposición de las fases. En este trabajo se presentanlas características y los resultados de un algoritmo para determinar cuál es la disposición de las fases quepermiten obtener el mejor aprovechamiento de la capacidad instalada en los conductores del alimentador. In the 120/208 distribution grids, the loads currents are very high. In this case it is necessary to install severalconductors in parallel. The more o less asymmetry of currents in the different conductors that form everyphase is function of the phase disposition and not of the more or less unbalance of the tension or the loadscurrents. In this work are presented the characteristics and the results of algorithms that permit to determinewhich the phase disposition is that bring the better use of the installed capacity of the feeder.

  15. A Synthetic Phased Array Surface Acoustic Wave Sensor for Quantifying Bolt Tension

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rasim Guldiken

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available In this paper, we report our findings on implementing a synthetic phased array surface acoustic wave sensor to quantify bolt tension. Maintaining proper bolt tension is important in many fields such as for ensuring safe operation of civil infrastructures. Significant advantages of this relatively simple methodology is its capability to assess bolt tension without any contact with the bolt, thus enabling measurement at inaccessible locations, multiple bolt measurement capability at a time, not requiring data collection during the installation and no calibration requirements. We performed detailed experiments on a custom-built flexible bench-top experimental setup consisting of 1018 steel plate of 12.7 mm (½ in thickness, a 6.4 mm (¼ in grade 8 bolt and a stainless steel washer with 19 mm (¾ in of external diameter. Our results indicate that this method is not only capable of clearly distinguishing properly bolted joints from loosened joints but also capable of quantifying how loose the bolt actually is. We also conducted detailed signal-to-noise (SNR analysis and showed that the SNR value for the entire bolt tension range was sufficient for image reconstruction.

  16. Effect of chromatographic separation on ASP system interface tension and the countermeasures

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jiawei REN

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available Because of the existing chromatographic separation phenomenon, ASP flooding changes original nature of the system. Therefore, in laboratory ultra-low interfacial tension ASP system is preferred for sand packs flow experiment to research on the effect of chromatographic separation on ASP system interface tension. The two parameters of "breakthrough time" and "output difference" are used to describe the degree of chromatographic separation, and the produced fluid interfacial tensions at the outlet end at 120 min is measured. The research shows that there exists chromatographic separation between three chemicals of ASP system, with first polymer breakthrough and finally surfactant breakthrough; there is most serious chromatographic separation between surfactant and polymer, while minimum chromatographic separation between alkali and polymer; chromatographic separation makes ASP interfacial tension increase from 10-3 magnitude to 10-2 magnitude, affecting flooding effect of ASP system. Thus, reducing the loss of surfactant in the formation will be the main measure to reduce the degree of chromatographic separation. Using sophorolipid as sacrificial agent to replace part of the surfactant injected into formation before ASP system can effectively reduce the impact of chromatography separation and more effectively improve the ultimate recovery ratio.

  17. Expressions of the radius and the surface tension of surface of tension in terms of the pressure distribution for nanoscale liquid threads

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yan Hong; Wei Jiu-An; Cui Shu-Wen; Zhu Ru-Zeng

    2013-01-01

    The expressions of the radius and the surface tension of surface of tension R s and γ s in terms of the pressure distribution for nanoscale liquid threads are of great importance for molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the interfacial phenomena of nanoscale fluids; these two basic expressions are derived in this paper. Although these expressions were derived first in the literature [Kim B G, Lee J S, Han M H, and Park S, 2006 Nanoscale and Microscale Thermophysical Engineering, 10, 283] and used widely thereafter, the derivation is wrong both in logical structure and physical thought. In view of the importance of these basic expressions, the logic and physical mistakes appearing in that derivation are pointed out. (condensed matter: structural, mechanical, and thermal properties)

  18. Axisymmetric drop shape analysis for estimating the surface tension of cell aggregates by centrifugation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kalantarian, Ali; Ninomiya, Hiromasa; Saad, Sameh M I; David, Robert; Winklbauer, Rudolf; Neumann, A Wilhelm

    2009-02-18

    Biological tissues behave in certain respects like liquids. Consequently, the surface tension concept can be used to explain aspects of the in vitro and in vivo behavior of multicellular aggregates. Unfortunately, conventional methods of surface tension measurement cannot be readily applied to small cell aggregates. This difficulty can be overcome by an experimentally straightforward method consisting of centrifugation followed by axisymmetric drop shape analysis (ADSA). Since the aggregates typically show roughness, standard ADSA cannot be applied and we introduce a novel numerical method called ADSA-IP (ADSA for imperfect profile) for this purpose. To examine the new methodology, embryonic tissues from the gastrula of the frog, Xenopus laevis, deformed in the centrifuge are used. It is confirmed that surface tension measurements are independent of centrifugal force and aggregate size. Surface tension is measured for ectodermal cells in four sample batches, and varies between 1.1 and 7.7 mJ/m2. Surface tension is also measured for aggregates of cells expressing cytoplasmically truncated EP/C-cadherin, and is approximately half as large. In parallel, such aggregates show a reduction in convergent extension-driven elongation after activin treatment, reflecting diminished intercellular cohesion.

  19. Design of an experimental apparatus for measurement of the surface tension of metastable fluids

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vinš, V.; Hrubý, J.; Hykl, J.; Blaha, J.; Šmíd, B.

    2013-04-01

    A unique experimental apparatus for measurement of the surface tension of aqueous mixtures has been designed, manufactured, and tested in our laboratory. The novelty of the setup is that it allows measurement of surface tension by two different methods: a modified capillary elevation method in a long vertical capillary tube and a method inspired by the approach of Hacker (National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, Technical Note 2510, 1-20, 1951), i.e. in a short horizontal capillary tube. Functionality of all main components of the apparatus, e.g., glass chamber with the capillary tube, temperature control unit consisting of two thermostatic baths with special valves for rapid temperature jumps, helium distribution setup allowing pressure variation above the liquid meniscus inside the capillary tube, has been successfully tested. Preliminary results for the surface tension of the stable and metastable supercooled water measured by the capillary elevation method at atmospheric pressure are provided. The surface tension of water measured at temperatures between +26 °C and -11 °C is in good agreement with the extrapolated IAPWS correlation (IAPWS Release on Surface Tension of Ordinary Water Substance, September 1994); however it disagrees with data by Hacker.

  20. Paciente con esquizofrenia tratado con ziprasidona + clozapina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pol Yanguas E.

    2013-05-01

    Full Text Available P es un paciente diagnosticado de esquizofrenia, sigue en un piso tutelado un programa de rehabilitación, está medicado con clozapina 500 mg/día y ziprasidona 280 mg/ día. Padece hipercolesterolemia, tabaquismo y sus hábitos alimenticios no son buenos. La medicación que utiliza desde 2007 hasta ahora se refleja en la tabla 1. El último tratamiento se le introdujo el 7 de agosto de 2012, habiendo presentado un electro cardiograma (ECG normal, pero con ligera taquicardia ventricular y prolactinemia de 44,8 ng/ml (valores normales: 2-18 ng/ml.

  1. Reconsidering the Tension between Bureaucracy and Professionalism in Publicly and Privately Funded Schools

    Science.gov (United States)

    Honingh, M. E.; Hooge, E. H.

    2009-01-01

    This article sheds new light on the so-called "natural tension" between bureaucracy and professionalism in schools. As it is quite common in the educational field to appoint teachers, it is debatable whether the assumed tension really exists. It seems more reasonable to find hierarchical control "within" the professional group.…

  2. Physicians' perspectives of managing tensions around dimensions of effective communication in the emergency department.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dean, Marleah; Oetzel, John G

    2014-01-01

    The purpose of this study was to explore emergency department (ED) physicians' perspectives of guidelines for effective communication. More specifically, the ways in which physicians manage the tensions among effective communication dimensions framed by relational dialectics theory are examined. This study used in-depth interviews with 17 ED physicians and 70 hours of observations to identify five dimensions of effective communication: efficiency, clarity/accuracy, relevance, comprehension, and rapport. Two communication tensions resulted from these dimensions: efficiency versus rapport and efficiency versus comprehension. In almost all instances, physicians chose efficient communication at the expense of comprehension or rapport. In addition, there was a tension between patient and physician perspectives of clarity and relevance that physicians tended to resolve by emphasizing what was relevant and clear from their own perspective. Implications for managing tensions in terms of efficiency and a physician-centered approach are discussed.

  3. Treatment of Patellar Lower Pole Fracture with Modified Titanium Cable Tension Band Plus Patellar Tibial Tunnel Steel "8" Reduction Band.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Jiaming; Wang, Decheng; He, Zhiliang; Shi, Hao

    2018-01-08

    To determine the efficacy of modified titanium tension band plus patellar tendon tunnel steel 8 "reduction band" versus titanium cable tension band fixation for the treatment of patellar lower pole fracture. 58 patients with lower patella fracture were enrolled in this study, including 30 patients treated with modified titanium cable tension band plus patellar tibial tunnel wire "8" tension band internal fixation (modified group), and 28 patients with titanium cable tension band fixation. All patients were followed up for 9∼15 months with an average of 11.6 months. Knee flexion was significantly improved in the modified group than in the titanium cable tension band group (111.33 ± 13 degrees versus 98.21 ± 21.70 degrees, P = 0.004). The fracture healing time showed no significant difference. At the end of the follow-up, the improvement excellent rate was 93.33% in the modified group, and 82.14% in the titanium cable tension band group. Titanium cable tension band internal fixation loosening was found in 2 cases, including 1 case of treatment by two surgeries without loose internal fixation. The modified titanium cable tension band with "8" tension band fixation showed better efficacy for lower patella fractures than titanium cable tension band fixation.

  4. Gene expression profiles in relation to tension and dissociation in borderline personality disorder.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Christian Schmahl

    Full Text Available The biological underpinnings of borderline personality disorder (BPD and its psychopathology including states of aversive tension and dissociation is poorly understood. Our goal was to examine transcriptional changes associated with states of tension or dissociation within individual patients in a pilot study. Dissociation is not only a critical symptom of BPD but has also been associated with higher risk for self-mutilation and depression. We conducted a whole blood gene expression profile analysis using quantitative PCR in 31 female inpatients with BPD. For each individual, two samples were drawn during a state of high tension and dissociation, while two samples were drawn at non-tension states. There was no association between gene expression and tension states. However, we could show that Interleukin-6 was positively correlated to dissociation scores, whereas Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s subunit alpha isoforms, Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 and 8, Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i subunit alpha-2, Beta-arrestin-1 and 2, and Cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein were negatively correlated to dissociation. Our data point to a potential association of dissociation levels with the expression of genes involved in immune system regulation as well as cellular signalling/second-messenger systems. Major limitations of the study are the the possibly heterogeneous cell proportions in whole blood and the heterogeneous medication.

  5. Caracterización clínica del dengue en un hospital infantil de Cartagena (Colombia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Diana Gómez Marrugo

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Caracterizar las manifestaciones clínicas del dengue en pacientes pediátricos en una institución de salud de tercer nivel de Cartagena (Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo por revisión de historias clínicas de pacientes hospitalizados por dengue en el Hospital Infantil Napoleón Franco Pareja de la ciudad de Cartagena. Se evaluaron 136 niños con cuadros febriles agudos de etiología inaparente. Se utilizaron pruebas serológicas para confirmar la infección por el virus del dengue. Resultados: Se analizaron 98 casos de niños hospitalizados con diagnóstico de dengue. La edad osciló entre menores de 6 meses a 16 años, siendo el rango de edades con mayor frecuencia de la enfermedad de 10 a 16 años (33,7 %. Los signos y síntomas más frecuentes fueron: exantema (49,0 %, mialgia (35,7 %, cefalea (33,7 %, artralgia (33,7 %, anorexia (24,5 %, torniquete (19,4%, prurito (11,2 %, escalofrío (8,2 %, eritema facial (7,1 % y dolor retroocular (6,1 %. Conclusiones: La edad continúa siendo el factor predominante en la gravedad intrahospitalaria del dengue. Por lo tanto, se necesitan con urgencia medidas preventivas en la población pediátrica.

  6. Iatrogenic tension pneumothorax in children: two case reports

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mayordomo-Colunga Juan

    2009-06-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Introduction Two cases of iatrogenic tension pneumothorax in children are reported. Case presentations Case 1: A 2-year-old boy with suspected brain death after suffering multiple trauma suddenly developed intense cyanosis, extreme bradycardia and generalized subcutaneous emphysema during apnea testing. He received advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation and urgent bilateral needle thoracostomy. Case 2: A diagnostic-therapeutic flexible bronchoscopy was conducted on a 17-month-old girl, under sedation-analgesia with midazolam and ketamine. She very suddenly developed bradycardia, generalized cyanosis and cervical, thoracic and abdominal subcutaneous emphysema. Urgent needle decompression of both hemithoraces was performed. Conclusion In techniques where gas is introduced into a child's airway, it is vital to ensure its way out to avoid iatrogenic tension pneumothorax. Moreover, the equipment to perform an urgent needle thoracostomy should be readily available.

  7. Small-Bolt Torque-Tension Tester

    Science.gov (United States)

    Posey, Alan J.

    2009-01-01

    The device described here measures the torque-tension relationship for fasteners as small as #0. The small-bolt tester consists of a plate of high-strength steel into which three miniature load cells are recessed. The depth of the recess is sized so that the three load cells can be shimmed, the optimum height depending upon the test hardware. The three miniature load cells are arranged in an equilateral triangular configuration with the test bolt aligned with the centroid of the three. This is a kinematic arrangement.

  8. [Delayed (tension) pneumothorax after placement of a central venous catheter].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tan, E C; van der Vliet, J A

    1999-09-11

    Laborious attempts at introducing a central venous catheter for parenteral nutrition in two women, aged 36 and 62 years, were followed by shortness of breath after 32 and 10 hours, respectively. This symptom was due to a (tension) pneumothorax not visible on earlier roentgenograms. Thoracic drainage led to recovery. In all patients with a central venous catheter an undetected delayed pneumothorax can be present. Urgent chest X-ray examination should be performed in all patients with acute respiratory symptoms. Patients undergoing elective intubation with positive pressure breathing should be examined carefully, since they are at risk of developing a late (tension) pneumothorax.

  9. Changes in transcutaneous oxygen tension during exercise in pulmonary emphysema.

    OpenAIRE

    Hughes, J A; Gray, B J; Hutchison, D C

    1984-01-01

    Continuous measurements of transcutaneous oxygen tension (tcPO2) were made in 23 patients with radiological evidence of emphysema, at rest and during a maximal progressive exercise test. tcPO2 during the final phase of exercise was compared with tcPO2 at rest; the mean change (exercising minus resting value) in tcPO2 (delta tcPO2) was -0.8 mm Hg (SD 10.5, range -18 to +25) (-0.1 kPa (SD 1.4, range -2.4 to +3.3]. delta tcPO2 was correlated with: resting arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) (r = 0.60...

  10. Tensions in Higher Education Leadership: Towards a Multi-Level Model of Leadership Practice

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bolden, Richard; Petrov, Georgy; Gosling, Jonathan

    2008-01-01

    UK higher education is undergoing a period of significant change that generates a series of tensions and difficulties for universities and university leaders. This paper explores these tensions through analysis of findings from a study comprising 152 semi-structured face-to-face interviews in 12 UK universities. Building on from theories of…

  11. Riesgo familiar total en familias con mujeres diagnosticadas con neoplasia de mama

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nancy Cecilia Charrys-Bravo

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Determinar el riesgo familiar total de las familias con mujeres diagnosticadas con cáncer de mama, que asisten a un centro de salud oncológico en la ciudad de Barranquilla. Materiales y Métodos: El estudio fue de tipo descriptivo, transversal con abordaje cuantitativo. Se utilizó el instrumento Riesgo Familiar Total RFT 5-33. El universo estuvo conformado por familias con mujeres diagnosticadas con cáncer en mama. La muestra fue de 41 familias que integraron a 154 miembros; se abordó el estudio de manera censal, y no por medio de una muestra, porque el acceso a la información de la totalidad de las familia fue viable. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que las familias, en su mayoría, son de tipo 2. El 68 % de las pacientes categorizan sus familias como amenazadas, el 5 % como familias de alto riesgo y un 27 % de las familias con un bajo riesgo. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos encontrados en esta investigación son importantes para las familias, lo cual permitirá establecer acciones y actividades que logren orientar e implementar procesos de atención específicos con el propósito de cuidar a las familias para que se mantengan sanos en un nivel de bajo riesgo; además, desarrollar controles y seguimiento a aquellas familias que se encuentran en un riesgo alto de amenazas, mediante acciones de promoción y prevención de la enfermedad de una manera amplia. Por lo anterior, se deben emprender programas más agresivos de prevención y promoción, especialmente con las familias que asisten en busca de apoyo médico para este padecimiento; de esta forma, se podrán diagnosticar los casos de forma temprana y proceder al respectivo tratamiento.

  12. Normal-tension glaucoma (Low-tension glaucoma)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Anderson, Douglas R

    2011-01-01

    Glaucoma is now considered an abnormal physiology in the optic nerve head that interacts with the level of intraocular pressure (IOP), with the degree and rate of damage depending on the IOP and presumably the degree of abnormal physiology. Diagnosis of normal-tension glaucoma (NTG), defined as glaucoma without a clearly abnormal IOP, depends on recognizing symptoms and signs associated with optic nerve vulnerability, in addition to absence of other explanations for disc abnormality and visual field loss. Among the findings are a halo or crescent of absence of retinal pigment epithelium around the disc, bilateral pre-chiasmal visual field defects, splinter hemorrhages at the disc margin, vascular dysregulation (low blood pressure, cold hands and feet, migraine headache with aura, and the like), or a family history of glaucoma. Possibly relevant, is a history of hemodynamic crisis, arterial obstructive disease, or sleep apnea. Neurological evaluation with imaging is needed only for atypical cases or ones that progress unexpectedly. Management follows the same principle of other chronic glaucomas, to lower the IOP by a substantial amount, enough to prevent disabling visual loss. However, many NTG cases are non-progressive. Therefore, it may often be wisein mild cases to determine whether the case is progressive and the rate of progression before deciding on how aggressivene to be with therapy. Efforts at neuroprotection and improvement in blood flow have not yet been shown effective. PMID:21150042

  13. Normal-tension glaucoma (Low-tension glaucoma

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Anderson Douglas

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available Glaucoma is now considered an abnormal physiology in the optic nerve head that interacts with the level of intraocular pressure (IOP, with the degree and rate of damage depending on the IOP and presumably the degree of abnormal physiology. Diagnosis of normal-tension glaucoma (NTG, defined as glaucoma without a clearly abnormal IOP, depends on recognizing symptoms and signs associated with optic nerve vulnerability, in addition to absence of other explanations for disc abnormality and visual field loss. Among the findings are a halo or crescent of absence of retinal pigment epithelium around the disc, bilateral pre-chiasmal visual field defects, splinter hemorrhages at the disc margin, vascular dysregulation (low blood pressure, cold hands and feet, migraine headache with aura, and the like, or a family history of glaucoma. Possibly relevant, is a history of hemodynamic crisis, arterial obstructive disease, or sleep apnea. Neurological evaluation with imaging is needed only for atypical cases or ones that progress unexpectedly. Management follows the same principle of other chronic glaucomas, to lower the IOP by a substantial amount, enough to prevent disabling visual loss. However, many NTG cases are non-progressive. Therefore, it may often be wisein mild cases to determine whether the case is progressive and the rate of progression before deciding on how aggressivene to be with therapy. Efforts at neuroprotection and improvement in blood flow have not yet been shown effective.

  14. REDUCCIÓN DE ÓXIDOSDE NITROGENO CON CATALIZADORES ZEOLÍTICOS INTERCAMBIADOS CON COBALTO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Enrique Alexis García Moya

    2012-10-01

    Full Text Available Se presenta un estudio sobre la reducción catalítica selectiva (RCS de NOx con metano en presencia de oxígeno en exceso con varios catalizadores a base de las zeolitas mordenita, ferrierita y ZSM-5 intercambiadas con diferentes cargas de cobalto y con las correspondientes zeolitas en forma acida. Cuando la mezcla reactiva contenía mayormente NO2 en lugar de NO, los catalizadores ácidos mostraron las más altas velocidades de formación de N2 en condiciones secas. Las mayores actividades se obtuvieron con los catalizadores Co-mordenita, siguiendo en orden de actividad los catalizadores Co-Ferrierita y Co-ZSM-5. El catalizador Co-Mordenita más activo se ensayó con una mezcla reactiva donde predominó el NO en lugar del NO2 bajo condiciones secas e hidrotérmicas y en presencia de SO2. Con la adición de 8% de agua a la mezcla de reacción se observó desactivación reversible, especialmente a bajas temperaturas. La adición de 60 ppm de SO2 disminuyó la velocidad de reacción aproximadamente a la mitad debido posiblemente al envenenamiento de algunos sitios activos.

  15. Racquet string tension directly affects force experienced at the elbow: implications for the development of lateral epicondylitis in tennis players

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mohandhas, Badri R; Makaram, Navnit; Drew, Tim S; Wang, Weijie; Arnold, Graham P

    2016-01-01

    Background Lateral epicondylitis (LE) occurs in almost half of all tennis players. Racket-string tension is considered to be an important factor influencing the development of LE. No literature yet exists that substantiates how string-tension affects force transmission to the elbow, as implicated in LE development. We establish a quantitative relationship between string-tension and elbow loading, analyzing tennis strokes using rackets with varying string-tensions. Methods Twenty recreational tennis players simulated backhand tennis strokes using three rackets strung at tensions of 200 N, 222 N and 245 N. Accelerometers recorded accelerations at the elbow, wrist and racket handle. Average peak acceleration was determined to correlate string-tension with elbow loading. Results Statistically significant differences (p elbow at 200 N string-tension (acceleration of 5.58 m/s2) was compared with that at 222 N tension (acceleration of 6.83 m/s2) and 245 N tension (acceleration of 7.45 m/s2). The 200 N racket induced the least acceleration at the elbow. Conclusions Although parameters determining force transmission to the elbow during a tennis stroke are complex, the present study was able to control these parameters, isolating the effect of string-tension. Lower string-tensions transmit less force to the elbow in backhand strokes. Reducing string-tension should be considered favourably with respect to reducing the risk of developing LE. PMID:27583017

  16. Racquet string tension directly affects force experienced at the elbow: implications for the development of lateral epicondylitis in tennis players.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mohandhas, Badri R; Makaram, Navnit; Drew, Tim S; Wang, Weijie; Arnold, Graham P; Abboud, Rami J

    2016-07-01

    Lateral epicondylitis (LE) occurs in almost half of all tennis players. Racket-string tension is considered to be an important factor influencing the development of LE. No literature yet exists that substantiates how string-tension affects force transmission to the elbow, as implicated in LE development. We establish a quantitative relationship between string-tension and elbow loading, analyzing tennis strokes using rackets with varying string-tensions. Twenty recreational tennis players simulated backhand tennis strokes using three rackets strung at tensions of 200 N, 222 N and 245 N. Accelerometers recorded accelerations at the elbow, wrist and racket handle. Average peak acceleration was determined to correlate string-tension with elbow loading. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed when average peak acceleration at the elbow at 200 N string-tension (acceleration of 5.58 m/s(2)) was compared with that at 222 N tension (acceleration of 6.83 m/s(2)) and 245 N tension (acceleration of 7.45 m/s(2)). The 200 N racket induced the least acceleration at the elbow. Although parameters determining force transmission to the elbow during a tennis stroke are complex, the present study was able to control these parameters, isolating the effect of string-tension. Lower string-tensions transmit less force to the elbow in backhand strokes. Reducing string-tension should be considered favourably with respect to reducing the risk of developing LE.

  17. On the Development of Constitutive Relations for Plain and Reinforced Concrete.

    Science.gov (United States)

    1982-04-09

    Costitutive e Con- dizioni di Rottura del Calcestruzzo in Stati de Tensione Mono e Pluriassiali." Costruzione in Cemento Armato, Studi e Rendiconti...leggi, costitutive e con- dizioni di rottura del calcestruzzo in stati di tensione mono e pluriassiali." Construzione in Cemento Armato, Studi e

  18. Les pratiques de terrain en situation de tensions sociales et de guerre civile au Congo-Brazzaville

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Abel Kouvouama

    2011-10-01

    genuine critical examination of a society which is at the same time a social world made up of a plurality of social microcosms and the field of my experiences of life, action and thinking. I was tempted – as if this could be taken for granted – to adopt the participative observation method through immersion in the social world in which one is both subject and object. I was aware of the double epistemological and social constraint in the reflective and critical approach of a socio-anthropologist according to which the field of participative objectivation is also that of social experimentation. In the first phase, research and fieldwork were carried out from 1990 to 1994 on « religious and non-religious mutual social support in the urban society of Brazzaville (Congo». In the second phase, research was done between 1995 and 1998 on the Matsouanist movement in the paradoxical context of both the process of democratization and civil wars in partnership within an ORSTOM and CNRS research group on the theme « City-dwellers and religions in Brazzaville». This scientific construction with respect to historical time and research under tension in a field full of pitfalls enabled me to understand what working means on the present and the day-to-day in the timeframes of war, and, on the other hand to see how individual and collective identities are constructed through different processes of breakdown and recomposition of urban situations.La manera de actuar en situaciones de tensión social y de guerra civil en el Congo-BrazzavilleEvocar las prácticas de terreno en contextos de situación social y de guerra civil supone un verdadero esfuerzo crítico con respecto al presente de una sociedad que es el mundo de lo social que contiene múltiples microcosmos sociales y también con respecto al ámbito de mis experiencias, de mis acciones y de mis reflexiones. He intentado, lo cual no es evidente, utilizar el método llamado de « observación participante » que implica

  19. Terapias alternativas con animales para niños con necesidades especiales

    OpenAIRE

    Cea-Chueca, Aihnoa

    2014-01-01

    El presente trabajo de fin de grado consiste en la realización de un análisis y descripción de la literatura acerca de las distintas terapias animales, destinadas a niños con necesidades especiales: cómo y por qué surgieron, en qué consisten las terapias, cómo podemos utilizarlas, etc. Las terapias alternativas con animales se conocen como una alternativa terapéutica, donde se utiliza a un animal como co-terapeuta para poder desarrollar diferentes capacidades de los niños con necesidades espe...

  20. The Value of Friction, Tension, and Disparity in Global Collaboration (Invited)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Parsons, M. A.

    2013-12-01

    Misunderstandings; conflicting goals; competition for limited funds; differing worldviews, agendas, ideals... These types of 'friction' are inevitable in national and global collaboration. And while friction can create tension and conflict, it is not inherently bad. It is at these points of interaction and tension where we can sometimes gain the most insight. Common understanding comes not only through agreed universal principles but also through multiple lines of evidence that wind through disparate views and describe a greater story. Collaboration is not straightforward in an environment of friction, tension, and disparity. Collaborators do not necessarily have common goals. Dynamic, coalition-style politics emerge. How can we align these disparities to achieve standards and common knowledge while still valuing and understanding differing perspectives? Achieving the understanding that comes through both unity and disparity is a central goal of the Research Data Alliance. RDA is emerging as a "neutral place" or "social gateway" where frictions can be identified, addressed, and understood but not necessarily removed.