Vrome daden en gedachten. Een revisionistische kijk op het katholieke verleden van Nederland

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A.-L. Van Bruaene

2009-01-01

L. Bogaers, Aards, betrokken en zelfbewust. De verwevenheid van cultuur en religie in katholiek Utrecht, 1300-1600Ch.H., Parker, Faith on the Margins. Catholics and Catholicism in the Dutch Golden Age Pious Deeds and Thoughts. A Revisionist View of the Netherlands’ Catholic PastThis contribution comments upon the renewed interest in the Catholic past of the Netherlands. It discusses two recent books by Llewellyn Bogaers and Charles H. Parker on late medieval and early modern Catholicism, resp...

The Catholic Bishops and the Rise of Evangelical Catholics

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Patricia Miller

2016-01-01

Full Text Available White Catholics are increasingly trending toward the Republican Party, both as voters and candidates. Many of these Republican-leaning Catholics are displaying a more outspoken, culture-war oriented form of Catholicism that has been dubbed Evangelical Catholicism. Through their forceful disciplining of pro-choice Catholics and treatment of abortion in their quadrennial voting guides, as well as their emphasis on “religious liberty”, the U.S. bishops have played a major role in the rise of these Evangelical Catholics.

Vrome daden en gedachten. Een revisionistische kijk op het katholieke verleden van Nederland

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A.-L. Van Bruaene

2009-01-01

Full Text Available L. Bogaers, Aards, betrokken en zelfbewust. De verwevenheid van cultuur en religie in katholiek Utrecht, 1300-1600Ch.H., Parker, Faith on the Margins. Catholics and Catholicism in the Dutch Golden Age Pious Deeds and Thoughts. A Revisionist View of the Netherlands’ Catholic PastThis contribution comments upon the renewed interest in the Catholic past of the Netherlands. It discusses two recent books by Llewellyn Bogaers and Charles H. Parker on late medieval and early modern Catholicism, respectively. Both authors reject a teleological conception of history and propose studying the devotion of laymen, laywomen and the clergy from within. Both studies can be considered as part of a wider international – partly anthropologically inspired – trend to reassess the history of Catholicism. The author of this contribution applauds these developments but advocates a stronger integration of the study of religious practices on the one hand, and the study of religious experiences and ideas on the other hand.

Espaço e distinção social: o catolicismo na Província de Sergipe Space and social distinction: Catholicism in the Province of Sergipe, Brazil

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Péricles Morais de Andrade Júnior

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as distinções sociais constituídas no catolicismo na Província de Sergipe Del Rey durante o século XIX. A análise está centrada nos critérios de admissão de duas irmandades religiosas atuantes na cidade de Estância. A pesquisa demonstra que havia uma população dividida entre as irmandades do Santíssimo Sacramento e de Nossa Senhora do Rosário, reflexos de uma hierarquia social mais diversificada, que diziam respeito a critérios de cor, riqueza e prestígio social. O espaço apresentava significados, na medida em que a cidade reproduzia simbolicamente a sociedade e sua organização em estratos sociais. Em outras palavras, observamos que o campo religioso católico na povoação de Estância seguia aos mecanismos de expressão da segregação e apresentava-se como representativo das oposições significativas entre os segmentos sociais, caracterizados a partir destas associações que definiam a posição social e os gostos dos seus integrantes.This article aims to analyze the social distinctions incorporated in the Catholicism in the province of Sergipe Del Rey during the nineteenth century. The analysis will be centered in the criteria of admission of two active religious brotherhoods in the city of Estancia in Sergipe, Brazil. The research shows that there was a population divided between the brotherhoods of the Blessed Sacrament and Our Lady of the Rosary, reflections of a more diversified social hierarchy about the criteria of race, wealth and social prestige. The space presented meanings in so far as the city reproduced, symbolically, the society and its organization in social strata. In other words, we notice that the Catholic religious field in the population of Estancia followed the mechanisms of expression of the segregation and presented itself as representative of the oppositions between the social groups, which were characterized by associations which defined the social position

Traditional and New Enhancing Human Cybernetic and Nanotechnological Body Modification Technologies: A Comparative Study of Roman Catholic and Transhumanist Ethical Approaches

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Caligiuri, Michael J.

Advances in cybernetic and nanotechnological body modifications currently allow for enhancements to human physical and mental function which exceed human species-based norms. This thesis examines body modification and human enhancement from two perspectives---Roman Catholicism and Transhumanism--- in order to contribute to bioethical deliberations regarding enhancement technologies. Roman Catholicism has a longstanding tradition of bioethical discourse, informing the healthcare directives of Roman Catholic institutions. Transhumanism is more recent movement that endorses body modifications and human enhancements as a means of individual betterment and social evolution. The thesis first considers definitions of human enhancement and levels of normalcy in connection to cybernetic and nanotechnological bionic implants, and outlines a series of criteria to assess a technology's potential bioethical acceptability: implantability, permanency, power, and public interaction. The thesis then describes Roman Catholicism's response to non-enhancing decorative body modifications (cosmetic surgeries, common decorative modifications such as tattoos and piercings, and uncommon modifications such as scarifications and brandings) in order to establish a basis for possible Roman Catholic responses to enhancing cybernetic and nanotechnological modifications. This is followed by an analysis from a Roman Catholic perspective of the major social issues brought forward by enhancement technologies: commodification, eugenics, vulnerability, and distributive justice. Turning to Transhumanism, the thesis describes the origins and philosophy of the movement, and then discusses the bioethical principles it advances with regard to human enhancement. The thesis concludes by locating points of convergence between Transhumanism and Roman Catholicism that could be the basis of more widely accepted ethical guidelines regarding modification technologies.

Revolución, contrarrevolución... Evolución: Catolicismo y nuevas formas de legitimidad política en la España del siglo XIX. Los casos de Jaime Balmes y Juan Donoso Cortés

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Acle-Kreysing, Andrea

2016-06-01

Full Text Available In contrast to traditional portraits of Balmes and Donoso Cortés as the most relevant figures of nineteenth-century Spanish Catholicism, which suppose them in pursuit of the same goals, this article highlights crucial differences between them, focusing upon three aspects: the relationship between catholicism and liberalism, the Church-State relations during the década moderada (1843-1854 and the situation of the Church in Europe in the context of the 1848 Revolutions. Their political projects show how contemporary Catholicism oscillated between intransigence and ideological openness.En contraste con el retrato tradicional de Balmes y Donoso Cortés como las figuras más importantes del catolicismo español en el siglo XIX, que da por sentado que persiguieron los mismos objetivos, este artículo señala diferencias cruciales entre ellos, centrándose en tres aspectos: el nexo entre catolicismo y liberalismo, la relación entre Iglesia y Estado durante la década moderada (1843-1854, y la situación de la Iglesia en Europa en el contexto de las revoluciones de 1848. Sus proyectos políticos muestran cómo el catolicismo de su época osciló entre la intransigencia y la apertura ideológica.

Modlitební knížka českých exulantů v Žitavě z roku 1706

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Vorlíčková, Anna

16/17, 2009/2010 (2010), s. 5-50 ISSN 1210-8510 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z70830501 Keywords : prayer books * book culture * non-Catholicism * religious exile * book history Subject RIV: AB - History

Inculturation: Sowing Seeds of Catholicism in Native Soil.

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Cunningham, Larry

2002-01-01

Discusses the history of the Plains Indians' relationship with the Catholic Church. Argues that some Catholics who denied the validity of Native American ritual turned Indians away from the Church. But currently, the Church's attempts to allow incorporation of those rituals into Church services have helped to revitalize the Native Catholic Church.…

Počátky českého nábožensko-politického konfliktu a katolický list Pozor (1861-1863)

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Dobeš, Adam; Velek, Luboš

61, 2014, č. 2 (2015), s. 31-51 ISSN 1803-7429 R&D Projects: GA ČR GA15-17092S Institutional support: RVO:67985921 Keywords : political Catholicism * political parties * 19th century Subject RIV: AB - History

Twenty-first century cultural and religious diversification of modernity: the example of the shamanic indigenisation of Roman Catholicism among Native American peoples in the Northwest of the United States

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Frédéric Dorel

2012-09-01

Full Text Available La modernité, tout comme l’anxiété croissante qu’elle génère, semble avoir encouragé et parfois provoqué une atomisation des phénomènes religieux loin du contrôle de la rationalité et des grandes religions classiques. Un exemple nous est donné par l’indigénisation chamanique des pratiques missionnaires de l’Eglise catholique parmi les Amérindiens du Nord-Ouest des Etats-Unis. Eléments indigènes locaux et éléments urbains indigénisés y sont associés dans la persistance et une invention culturelles et spirituelles caractérisées par l’innovation permanente. L’efficacité symbolique du chamanisme, intégrant plus que jamais les divers éléments de la modernité n’est pas à considérer comme une survivance pittoresque mais plutôt comme un outil d’avenir.Modernity and the growing global anxiety it has generated have fostered numbers of ancient and new worships liberated from the control of both rationality and the mainstream religions. An example is the growing shamanic indigenization of missionary Roman Catholicism by Native American communities in the Northwest of the United States. Indigenous and indigenised exogenous urban elements are locally associated in producing spiritual and cultural invention and persistence of tradition through change and innovation. The symbolic efficiency of shamanism integrating more than ever the different elements in modernity, should not be seen as a relic of the past, but as a powerful healing tool for the future.La modernidad y la ansiedad creciente que ésta genera, parecen haber animado y a veces provocado una atomización de los fenómenos religiosos lejos del control de la racionalidad y de las grandes religiones clásicas. Un ejemplo nos es dado por la « indigenización » chamánica de las prácticas misioneras de la Iglesia católica entre los Amerindios del Noroeste de los Estados Unidos. Elementos indígenas locales y elementos urbanos « indigenizados » son

Demographic and Political Influences on the Confessional Picture of East Slavonia

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Antun Šundalić

2003-03-01

Full Text Available East Slavonia is a region with a recognisable agrarian tradition and a culture specific to itself, in which religion has had great importance. Concretely, through a long period of history, Roman Catholicism was the most extensive confession and it has left the deepest traces in the spirituality, and also in the daily life of the area. Despite a dynamic past, frequent changes of states and rulers, penetration of Islam and Eastern Orthodoxy and a large number of other religious communities, Catholicism remained dominant in terms of numbers of adherents and also in regard to its influence on social processes in Slavonia and Baranja. The new historical reality in Croatia emphasised even more this presence of Catholicism. This paper studies the development and proportions of the Roman Catholic population in relation to the Eastern Orthodox and other communities in the example of six cities in Slavonia and Baranja. It confirms that just as at the end of the 19th century, at the end of the 20th century Roman Catholics is the most numerous confession: Roman Catholics make up 4/5 and more of the population. The paper also analyses “phases” in the relationship between politics and religion during the last ten years, and also indicates a more pronounced daily awareness of confessional adherence in East Slavonia, where the traces of the war are still very fresh, and where confessional and ethnic (national affiliations even today remain indivisible.

Hope for healing: the mobilization of interest in three types of religious healing in the Netherlands since 1850

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Vellenga, S.J.

2008-01-01

The author examines the development of the popularity of religious healing in the Netherlands since 1850 and the factors that contribute to its continuation. He focuses upon three traditions: devotional healing in Roman Catholicism, charismatic healing in Pentecostalism and paranormal healing in

Sympathy and the Non-human: Max Scheler's Phenomenology of ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

German phenomenologist and sociologist Max Scheler accorded sympathy a central role in his philosophy, arguing that sympathy enables not only ethical behaviour, but also knowledge of animate and inanimate others. Influenced by Catholicism and especially St Francis, Scheler envisioned a broad, cosmic sympathy ...

Tintin as a Catholic Comic : How Catholic Values went Underground

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de Groot, Kees

2017-01-01

Historically, the comic series Tintin originates in conservative and, indeed reactionary, circles in Belgian Catholicism. Hergé created Tintin for the children’s weekly of a newspaper that, at that time, shared the main themes of the reactionary Catholic movement: anti-communism, anti-capitalism,

Psychosis or Faith? Clinicians' Assessment of Religious Beliefs

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O'Connor, Shawn; Vandenberg, Brian

2005-01-01

This study investigated mental health professionals' assessment of the pathognomonic significance of religious beliefs. A total of 110 participants reviewed 3 vignettes depicting individuals possessing the religious beliefs associated with Catholicism, Mormonism, and Nation of Islam. The religious beliefs of the individuals in the vignettes were…

Moral Education or Political Education in the Vietnamese Educational System?

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Doan, Dung Hue

2005-01-01

Vietnam has experienced the influences of different social standards and values of Confucianism, Communism and several major religions, such as Buddhism and Catholicism, and has also undergone tremendous social change in recent decades. Consequently, moral education in present-day Vietnam takes various forms and definitions. Nowadays, moral…

Kuifjes katholieke jeugd. De katholieke achtergrond van Hergé. Deel 1 van 2

NARCIS (Netherlands)

de Groot, C.N.

2013-01-01

Following the launch of Steven Spielberg’s ‘Tintin and the Secret of the Unicorn’, l’Osservore Romano hailed Tintin as a ‘catholic hero’. This article demonstrates that the comic originates, more specifically, in conservative and reactionary milieus in Belgian Catholicism. Hergé (ps. for Georges

Negotiating The Italian Self: Catholicism And The Demise Of ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Si interessa al modo in cui durante il periodo 1935-1949 questioni di colonialismo, razzismo e antisemitismo vennero inserite nel discorso tradizionalmente nazionalista e religioso della rivista. In questo modo, il presente studio illustra come sotto il fascismo nozioni di identità vennero trattate in un contesto religioso, e come ...

Catholicism and Resistance to the Reformation in the Netherlands

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Spaans, J.W.

1999-01-01

The initial reactions of catholics in the Netherlands to Revolt and Reformation, apparently so different from those of their co-religionists in France under roughly similar circumstances, pose an interesting problem. Answers do not easily spring to mind. We do not know much about the Dutch

High-Tech Playground: Cultural Center Journey Expands Student Horizons of Faith and Culture.

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Andersen, Colleen Curry

2003-01-01

Discusses how the John Paul II Cultural Center is an example of how Catholic educators have begun taking advantage of new teaching resources to help students understand their personal faith. Center contains hands-on and interactive journey to learning about Catholicism and the faiths of other people. (MZ)

the limits of postfigurative technique in ignazio silone's pane e vino

African Journals Online (AJOL)

User

were familiar with the rudimentary lineaments of the story of Jesus or that they were not; ... American postfigurative examples.2 ... Fascism and undergird his vision of social and economic justice. It .... Catholicism, as the official public religion, is omnipresent in Silone's ..... Enduring a crescendo of hardship, she repeatedly.

Opulence and Simplicity

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bandak, Andreas

2017-01-01

In various forms of Catholicism sacrifice holds a central position. The centrality of the divine sacrifice literally embodied in the sacrament of the Eucharist works in a wider sense as a model for action and thought outside the Church as a place for worship. Sacrifice here places the individual...

Education for Francisation: The Case of New France in the Seventeenth Century.

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Jaenen, Cornelius J.

1983-01-01

Discusses the seventeenth-century French missionary and bureaucratic attempt to "francisize" (to make French) Canadian Indian children, so they would eventually be assimilated into the French expatriate colony, an effort based on the idea that contact with Europeans and education would convert Amerindians to Catholicism and make them…

Towards a poetics of decolonization: Mongo Beti's The Poor Christ ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The sixa, a church establishment aimed at grooming young female converts in preparation for Christian marriage, is Father Drumont's signature project during his twenty-year tenure at the Bomba Mission. In practice, however, the sixa is a complete mockery of Catholicism and a subversion of African traditional marriages.

Catholic Education: From and for Faith

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Groome, Thomas

2014-01-01

Catholic education arises from the deep structures and earliest traditions of Christian faith. Its commitments throughout the centuries have been to educate both "from" and "for" faith. It educates from a faith perspective by drawing upon the universal values of Catholicism to provide a distinctive philosophy, perhaps even more…

The Changing Landscape--State Policy-Making: Public Service and Teacher Education in Ireland 1950-1980

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Herron, Donald; Harford, Judith

2016-01-01

Radical economic policy change from the 1950s had major implications for Irish education which had traditionally drawn its values and orientation from Catholicism and cultural nationalism. While change to the economically-related administrative structures were bold and innovative, responses in the sphere of education were less so. This article…

Twee leeuwen, een kruis : De rol van katholieke culturele kringen in de Vlaams-Nederlandse verstandhouding (1830-ca. 1900)

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Dagnino, R.

2013-01-01

Which were the cultural borders of the Dutch-speaking Catholicism between 1830 and the end of the nineteenth century? To what extent were the Netherlands situated within the ‘mental space’ of the Flemish Catholics and, vice versa, how much was Flanders a part of the cultural horizons of the Dutch

Fish for peasants and kings - a Danish perspective

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kristiansen, Mette Svart

2011-01-01

Fish played an important role in medieval Europe. It formed the basis of a food culture influenced by Catholicism and was a central commodity in the national and international network of trade. Fish of all sorts held a prominent position on the dining tables of peasants as well as kings. Househol...

The birth of a Catholic Inuit community. The transition to Christianity in Pelly Bay, Nunavut, 1935-1950

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Remie, C.H.W.; Oosten, J.G.

2002-01-01

The transition to Catholicism in Pelly Bay is usually described as a successful conquest of a pagan terra nullius, a process in which Inuit played only a passive role. In fact, there was already a nucleus of Catholics in Pelly Bay when the first missionary arrived. Inuit invited him to come and stay

Silêncios e diálogos: o catolicismo e a defesa dos direitos sociais e humanos ante à intolerância política da ditadura militar no Brasil (1964-1985

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Lucília de Almeida Neves

2009-05-01

Full Text Available Os anos 1964-1985 se caracterizam pela mobilização popular e pela emergência de uma poderosa vontade de mudança social. Queria-se uma libertação das opressões históricas que a maioria do povo vinha sofrendo. Paradoxalmente, foi um tempo de autoritarismo e desrespeito aos direitos sociais e humanos. Este trabalho pretende analisar o movimento do catolicismo brasileiro, especialmente sua luta por esses direitos. Diversos aspectos atuam e influenciam no contexto político-religioso desse período. A reconstrução do significado desse movimento valeu-se de ampla documentação. Apesar dos entraves e das limitações, o catolicismo fez seu percurso e assinalou um passo importante na trajetória histórica desse período. Na compreensão e análise desse caminho, está a proposta deste estudo.Palabras clave: Catolicismo; Direitos sociais e humanos.ABSTRACTThe years 1964-1985 were characterised by popular mobilisation and the emergence of a powerful wish for social change, in the sence of a liberation from historical oppressions suffered by most people. Paradoxically, it was a time of authoritarianism and disregard for social and human rights. This paper aims at analysing the movemnt of Brazilian Catholicism, especially its fight for those rights. Various aspects play a part in and influence the political and religious context of that period. A wide range of documents was used for reconstructing the meaning of that movement. Despite hindrances and constraints, Catholicism made its way and pointed out an important step in the historical development of the period. This paper aims at understanding and analysing that way.Key words: Catholicism; Social and human rights.

Presentación

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Bianchi, Susana

2006-06-01

Full Text Available Since the end of de latter military dictatorship in 1983, the history of the Catholicism in Argentina ceased to be a matter concerning only to the Catholic historians to enter in the academic ground. This situation permitted the development of new perspectives and renewal theoretical and methodological views. But, despite the advances realised, there are still many gaps, as happen in the case of the religious minorities. This dossier present some lines of research developed in the last years concerning to the history of the Catholicism.

Desde fines la última dictadura militar, la historia del catolicismo dejó de ser una cuestión confesional para ingresar en el ámbito académico. Esto permitió el desarrollo de nuevas perspectivas y nuevos planteos teóricos y metodológicos. A pesar de los avances, aún quedan vacíos. Uno de ellos es el estudio de las minorías religiosas que integran el campo religioso argentino. Este dossier presenta algunas de las últimas líneas de investigación.

Literacy as Magic: The Role of Oral and Written Texts in the Santeria Religious Community.

Science.gov (United States)

Gelb, Richard G.

Santeria is a religion which originated in West Africa and evolved from the syncretism of the culture of the Yoruba people with Catholicism in Cuba. Juanita, who was born in Puerto Rico and taught herself how to read and write, owns a "botanica," a retail shop specializing in Santeria paraphernalia. Juanita is a santera (priestess) in…

Catholicism and Everyday Morality: Filipino women's narratives on reproductive health.

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Natividad, Maria Dulce F

2018-05-07

This study examines the relationship between state policies, religion, reproductive politics, and competing understandings of embodied sexual and reproductive morality. Using ethnographic and life history interviews, this study looks at the lives of Filipino urban poor women and how they interpret, follow and resist Catholic Church doctrines and practices as these relate to sexuality and reproduction. Taking everyday morality as embedded in social practice, this paper argues that women's subjective reinterpretations of Catholic teachings regarding contraception and abortion render religion pliant in a way that restores moral equilibrium in women's lives. It is in this process of adjusting and re-adjusting this moral order that women are able to construct their moral worlds. Further, this article investigates how social class, gender and religion work in tension with one another in women's everyday decisions and how the constraints and opportunities that poor women encounter in their everyday lives are enabled by the state and its institutions.

negotiating the italian self: catholicism and the demise of fascism ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

that the colonies benefited immensely from the Spanish occupation, the author ..... made of Jews presenting a 'problem', we suddenly encounter a text in which the ..... national identity and cohesion based on italianità and religion, lost none of ...

Italian psychology under protection: Agostino Gemelli between Catholicism and fascism.

Science.gov (United States)

Foschi, Renato; Giannone, Anna; Giuliani, Alessia

2013-05-01

Between the 1930s and 1940s, Agostino Gemelli (1878-1959) was the main Italian psychologist; he accepted and promoted an empirical conception of psychology influenced by neo-Thomism. The views of Gemelli were a landmark for many psychologists and psychological models in Catholic universities. Gemelli, moreover, throughout his scientific activity, continued ongoing work of expertise in matters concerning science, morality, and psychology. He was a Franciscan monk but also an officer of the Italian air force, a psychologist, and a rector. During the period of fascist rule in Italy, Gemelli sought compromise solutions to foster the survival of psychological institutions. Around his story, contrasting interpretations have emerged. The aim of this article is to look at Agostino Gemelli as an important historical subject to understand the ways in which scientific enterprises and institutions are likely to be influenced by political regimes and by the dogmatic and intolerant milieu. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved).

Religion and abortion: Roman Catholicism lost in the pelvic zone.

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Kissling, F

1993-01-01

The Roman Catholic Church has held the most absolute and extreme position against abortion taken by any religious group. Opposition to abortion by US Catholic bishops has been unflagging since Roe vs. Wade was decided. The current strategy embraced by the bishops is to restrict access to abortion as a prelude to attaining a complete ban on the procedure. The bishops, of course, have a political and constitutional right to champion public policy issues. This ability is limited only by the laws regarding tax-exempt status which make it impossible for the bishops to endorse political candidates. Opponents of the positions of the bishops, in turn, have a right to challenge their positions. The bishops, acting jointly as the United States Catholic Conference (USCC), express their own opinions, not the opinions of the 53 million US Catholics and have been criticized by both conservative and progressive groups in the church. Since women can not become Catholic bishops, or even priests, they are excluded from meetings of the USCC. Catholic lay groups have expressed the view that there is more than one legitimate Catholic position regarding abortion and have even filed briefs in favor of retaining the decision reached in Roe vs. Wade. The bishops, however, are able to draw on a multitude of institutions to further their view and have enhanced the operations of their 28 statewide lobbying offices as the abortion battle has shifted to the states. The Webster decision signaled a return of the bishops to a prominent position in the anti-abortion campaign. Prior to Webster, they kept their distance from the Protestant religious right. With Webster, the bishops felt the time was right to press hard to further restrictions to access to abortion. As they began to apply pressure, a pro-choice backlash developed, with leading Catholic politicians adopting strong pro-choice positions. The bishops reacted by taking such aggressive actions as denouncing certain politicians by name. This behavior caused even more alienation of middle-of-the-road Catholics from the bishops' position. The bishops tried to recover by hiring a professional public relations firm and the pollster used by the Reagan administration. The public relations firm was dismissed within a year. Religious observers wonder why the church is so adamantly against abortion in every circumstance, despite the beliefs of its members. In fact, in 1974, the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith noted the church's opposition to abortion but fell short of calling it murder and was honest about the church's ambiguity over the personhood of a fetus or at what stage in development the creator endows a fetus with a soul. This question has been debated by theologians since the early centuries of the church. Even the current Pope favors the term "that which is in the process of becoming" when discussing a fetus. In addition, church history and positions regarding the possibility of a "just war" make the church's adherence to the impossibility of a "just abortion" hard to justify. This hard-line position has removed the church from a position in which it could help women and society understand the values which must underly every decision to have an abortion.

Military Civic Action in Colombia

Science.gov (United States)

1985-08-01

because he knew too much about official scandals. G6mez responded to this political crisis with inflammatory editorials in his newspaper El Siglo ...significant changes: women received equal political rights with men; Roman Catholicism was again declared the religion of the state; Supreme Court members...consisting of courses on Colombian history, government, geography, patriotic songs, *sanitation, ethics, horticulture, religion , group activities, and

Barbarian culture, ecclesiastical pattern, Roman tradition in the Lombard and Frankish Italy

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Stefano Gasparri

2005-12-01

Full Text Available This study offers an updated synthesis of the main political, religious and cultural issues in 8th and 9th century Italy. In particular, it examines the progressive transition of the Longobard religious faith from Arianism to Catholicism, and the troubled integration of Lombards, Latins and Franks. Special attention is paid to Lombards’ riots in southern Italy.

Algunas tendencias del catolicismo social en Chile: reflexiones desde la historia

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ANDREA BOTTO

2008-01-01

Full Text Available En este ensayo queremos proponer una mirada diferente a lo que se ha entendido de la relación entre catolicismo social y los grupos que lo han sustentado. En la década de 1930, por diversos motivos, surgieron desde una especial generación de jóvenes católicos chilenos vinculados al conservadurismo, diferentes grupos que interpretaron a su manera cómo llevar a la práctica las doctrinas sociales dictadas desde Roma. Esas diferentes interpretaciones generaron una división profunda en el catolicismo chileno, que trascendió hasta el mundo de la política y generaron profundos resentimientos que subsistieron por varias décadas. Se propone aquí un recorrido sobre esas posiciones que nos servirá para entender parte del proceso que ha vivido el catolicismo nacional en el siglo XX, y para comprender el origen de algunas posturas que continúan vigentes en aquel espectro católico vinculado a posturas más tradicionales y conservadoras.In this essay, the author proposes a different perspective on what has been understood up to now regarding the relationship between Social Catholicism and the groups that have sustained it. In the decade of the 1930s, for diverse motives, different groups emerged from a special generation of young Chilean Catholics linked to a hard-line conservatism. These groups interpreted in their own ways how to put into practice the social doctrines dictated by Rome. Those different interpretations generated a deep división within Chilean Catholicism which transcended into the world of politics and generated deep resentments that subsisted for several decades. A review of those positions is proposed here, serving to help us understand part of the process that national Catholicism lived out in the 20th century, and comprehend the origin of some positions that are still current in that Catholic spectrum linked to more traditional and conservative postures.

Gender, Catholicism, Women’s Spirituality over the Longue Durée

OpenAIRE

Lux-Sterritt , Laurence; Mangion , Carmen M.

2010-01-01

International audience; This volume emerged from the realization that the history of women religious was attracting the interest of an increasing number of scholars. We noticed the steady growth of the History of Women Religious of Britain and Ireland (H-WRBI), a network of scholars initiated by Carmen Mangion and Caroline Bowden in 2001 to encourage research in the history of women religious. 2 Their annual conferences are consistently well-attended and gather scholars from all parts of the ...

USSR Report, Problems of the Far East No 4, Oct-Dec 1986.

Science.gov (United States)

1987-04-21

religion as a camouflage, so Buddhism, Taoism , and Islam have been freed of domination and exploitation by reactionary class- es.’ ’ 3. "We...or millenniums. Chinese Buddhism is more than 2000 years old, Tao.sm-ovcr 1700 Islam -1300! whereas Catholicism and Protestantism had appeared...mind the living conditions of the national minorities, with the bulk of population professing either Islam or Lamaism. In this case special

JPRS Report, China.

Science.gov (United States)

1991-09-30

five religions (Evangelical Christianity, can be carried out in the most rustic of circumstances. Catholicism, Buddhism, Taoism , and Islam ) have...church 30 none thorough analysis of religion in the area, including the Islam 800 5 1800 2 laws which govern its development, its organizational and...mosques mosques personnel structure, and its systems and activities, thereby Taoism 10-20 none 4-5 1 temple arriving at an objective evaluation of its

The Dutch Connection: Johanna van der Meulen’s Contribution to Russian Symbolism

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Magnus Ljunggren

2017-09-01

Full Text Available The Symbolist Ėllis’ (Lev Kobylinskij writings during his Moscow period emphasize the split, the division and dichotomy between material reality and celestial vision. His works written in exile in Locarno-Monti in Switzerland are devoted to resolving these antitheses by building bridges on all levels: between Catholicism and Orthodoxy, between culture and religion, between worldly and otherworldly, ultimately between East and West. From being a poet and critic he became a translator and culturologist: “Dr. Leo Kobilinski-Ellis.” The Dutch medium Johanna van der Meulen — whom he had met in 1911 in Rudolf Steiner’s Theosophical, soon Anthroposophical colony — played a crucial role in this fundamental metamorphosis. With her he lived in a thirty-five-year-long creative symbiosis that proved extremely beneficial to the two of them. Van der Meulen developed a mystical doctrine of her own, “Cosmosophy”, based on a Gnostic world view, strongly influenced by Russian religious philosophy. As she had finished her work in four parts Dr. Kobilinski-Ellis published his summary and interpretation of her teachings, in which he defines the core of Cosmosophy as a synthesis of the “Johannian” element in the meditative wisdom of the Eastern Church and the “Petrine” component in the energetic faith of Catholicism.

Savages in a Civilized War: The Native Americans as French Allies in the Seven Years War, 1754-1763

Science.gov (United States)

2013-06-14

Mission, worked ceaselessly to convert Indians to Catholicism. Though this mission would be destroyed and its priests martyred in the Beaver Wars (the...and beavers . These shots were first made with a bow, but were easily adapted to the flintlock musket when the Europeans introduced the weapons to the...pittance compared to what they feel they justly deserved for their part in the campaign. To add insult to injury, smallpox was prevalent in the fort

The role of visual appearance in Punch’s early-Victorian satires on religion

OpenAIRE

Janes, Dominic

2014-01-01

Satires on various aspects of contemporary religion can frequently be found in the early Victorian editions of Punch. The more strident forms of Protestant evangelicalism, in the earlier 1840s, and Roman Catholic revivalism, around 1850, came in for particular attack. This pattern was partly the result of a drift in the editorial policy of the publication towards a less radical social and political position. However, Catholicism, in both its Roman and Anglican varieties, was particularly vuln...

The English and the Control of Christianity in the Early Edo Period

OpenAIRE

SCREECH, Timon

2012-01-01

The history of Japan's de-Christianization in the early seventeenth century has often been told, but is here re-examined using new data, much of it previously unknown. The turn against Catholicism is variously attributed to fear of invasion or cultural difference, but most scholars agree the Dutch played little role, seldom engaging with theological issues. Neglected has been the activities of the English, whose East India Company was in Japan 1613-1626. Investigation of its records reveal...

RELIGION & CARE INTERTWINED; NURSING IN CATHOLIC HOSPITALS 1950-1965.

Science.gov (United States)

Anthony, Maureen

2016-01-01

This qualitative study explores how Catholicism influenced nursing in Catholic hospitals and how nurses met the religious needs of Catholic patients in the 1950s and early 1960s. Six nurses were interviewed who graduated from Catholic schools of nursing between 1952 and 1965 and worked in Catholic hospitals. Results indicate that nursing care was inexorably entwined with meeting the religious needs of Catholic patients. Religious practices were predictable and largely linked to the Holy Sacraments.

East Europe Report, Political, Sociological and Military Affairs, No. 2199.

Science.gov (United States)

1983-09-15

countries. Had the libel been true, these monarchs obviously would not have tolerated the Jesuits in their countries. In 1814, Pope Pius VII re- stored the...with Pope John Paul II during his first pilgrimage to Poland requires a separate discussion. The growth in this form of manifestation of Catholicism...at the other side of the argument. It is true that in 1773 Pope Clement XIV dissolved the Jesuit Order, but he did so under pressure from the

The Dilemma of Obedience: Persecution, Dissimulation, and Memory in Early Modern England, 1553-1603

OpenAIRE

Harkins, Robert Lee

2013-01-01

This study examines the problem of religious and political obedience in early modern England. Drawing upon extensive manuscript research, it focuses on the reign of Mary I (1553-1558), when the official return to Roman Catholicism was accompanied by the prosecution of Protestants for heresy, and the reign of Elizabeth I (1558-1603), when the state religion again shifted to Protestantism. I argue that the cognitive dissonance created by these seesaw changes of official doctrine necessitated a ...

China Report, Political, Sociological and Military Affairs, No. 446.

Science.gov (United States)

1983-08-11

Islamism , Catholicism, and Protestantism) and is an inherent and "locally born and bred" religion in China. Taoism is a religion which respects Lao Zi...XINHUA, 7 Jul 83) 80 Taoism Reported Reviving Throughout Country (Tian Di; ZH0NGGU0 XINWEN SHE, 11 Jul 83) 81 ZH0NGGU0 QINGNIAN BAO...disciplined transport army with ideals, morality and culture. The conference was held from 1 to 6 July. CSO: 4005/1008 80 NATIONAL AFFAIRS TAOISM

The Welcoming Pope: Images of Pope Francis in the Catholicism under mediatization

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Tatiane MILANI

2017-12-01

Full Text Available In the context of the society in mediatization more and more the social fields are inserted in an ambiance in which borders are constantly tensioned, meaning that social practices are crossed by the logic of other fields, rather than their own place of knowing. It is perceived that the social/political/religious conjuncture interpenetrates with the logic of mediatization, and this phenomenon arouses transformations in all Christianity. The objective of this work is to analyze the circulation of Pope Francis' images in the media which formulate, in the collective imaginary, a mediated totem image of the Pope of embrace or of the welcoming Pope, what adheres to the new media technologies.

Post-secular religious practices entering traditional religion

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Urszula Pękala

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Nowadays we can observe complex interactions between the religious and secular spheres. Several different processes take place simultaneously: the traditionally religious elements function in the secular sphere as if they were part of secular culture; elements of the secular sphere build a specific kind of post-secular religiosity; finally, this post-secular religiosity influences traditional religions. This article focuses on the last stage of these changes. The author's purpose is to describe and interpret the practices we can observe. Because of the complexity of this issue, the analyses are limited to examples taken from the Catholic Church in Germany, where this process seems to be as popular as it is paradoxical. Catholicism realises that the post-secular forms of religiosity are very popular and that many people choose them instead of the traditional Church. It could offer them spirituality based on ages of experience. But instead of making its own spiritual tradition competitive on the spiritual market, Catholicism seems to offer Christianised post-secular goods, or its own traditional elements represented in a secularised form. It seems difficult to predict how it will all end. However, we observe an interesting encounter and interaction between an ‘old’ religion and a new religiosity, which will certainly have impact on further presence of the Church in the society.

Kuifjes katholieke jeugd. De katholieke achtergrond van Hergé. Deel 1 van 2

OpenAIRE

de Groot, C.N.

2013-01-01

Following the launch of Steven Spielberg’s ‘Tintin and the Secret of the Unicorn’, l’Osservore Romano hailed Tintin as a ‘catholic hero’. This article demonstrates that the comic originates, more specifically, in conservative and reactionary milieus in Belgian Catholicism. Hergé (ps. for Georges Rémi) designed Tintin for the children’s weekly of a newspaper that, in this period, shared its main themes with the Catholic fascist movement Rex: anti-communism, anti-capitalism, anti-semitism and t...

"Natural family planning": effective birth control supported by the Catholic Church.

OpenAIRE

Ryder, R E

1993-01-01

During 20-22 September Manchester is to host the 1993 follow up to last year's "earth summit" in Rio de Janeiro. At that summit the threat posed by world overpopulation received considerable attention. Catholicism was perceived as opposed to birth control and therefore as a particular threat. This was based on the notion that the only method of birth control approved by the church--natural family planning--is unreliable, unacceptable, and ineffective. In the 20 years since E L Billings and co...

Apriorism românesc în Cruciada copiilor de Lucian Blaga

OpenAIRE

Bagiu, Lucian

2009-01-01

The aim of the paper is to reveal to what extent is Lucian Blaga’s sixth drama to be reduced to the status of an aesthetic antagonism of two Christian denominations, Catholicism vs. Orthodoxy. Though the author imagines two monks and a western crusade through eastern land, we come to realize that the most important aspects of the play are its other characters, i.e. the Lady of the Fortress, her child and Crazy Ioana; moreover, the Fortress itself, a place that could not be geographically mapp...

Pojetí katolictví ve vybraných románech Davida Lodge

OpenAIRE

Piskačová, Anna

2010-01-01

This thesis attempts to describe and interpret the theme of Catholicism in three of David Lodges novels. These are: The British Museum is Falling Down (1965), How Far Can You Go? (1980) and Paradise News (1991). It focuses on the depiction of Catholics in his novels as a source of comedy and tries to explain Lodges treatment of these people. It also illustrates the development of Lodges conception of this theme and points out some turning-points that happened in the Catholic Church in the sec...

Christian bioethics as non-ecumenical.

Science.gov (United States)

Engelhardt, H Tristram

1995-09-01

A community's morality depends on the moral premises, rules of evidence, and rules of inference it acknowledges, as well as on the social structure of those in authority to rule knowledge claims in or out of a community's set of commitments. For Christians, who is an authority and who is in authority are determined by Holy Tradition, through which in the Mysteries one experiences the Holy Spirit. Because of the requirement of repentance and conversion to the message of Christ preserved in the Tradition, the authority of the community must not only exclude heretical teaching but heretical communities from communion. Understanding Christian bioethics requires a focus on the content of that bioethics in terms of its social context within a right-believing, right-worshipping community. Christian bioethics should be non-ecumenical by recognizing that true moral knowledge has particular moral content, is communal, and is not fully available outside of the community of right worship. The difficulty with Roman Catholicism's understandings of bioethics lies not just in its continued inordinate accent on the role of reason apart from repentance (as well as in its defining novel doctrines), but in Roman Catholicism's not recognizing that the contemporary, post-Christian age is in good measure the consequence of its post-Vatican II failure to call for a return to the traditional pieties and asceticisms of the Fathers so that all might know rightly concerning the requirements of Christian bioethics.

SHADES OF VENICE IN THE BIOGRAPHY OF HEGUMEN PALLADY ROGOVSKY

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Alex YASTREBOV

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Pallady Rogovsky was the fi rst Russian doctor of theology and philosophy. While a student of the Slavyano-Greek-Latin Academy directed by the Brothers Lichudes, he left his homeland for the West in order to obtain a full university education. The years which he spent in Europe and particularly in Italy have attracted little notice on the part of Church historians. The study of unpublished materials in Italian archives together with those already published by the Russian researcher E. Shmurlo from the archive of the Propaganda de Fide and the Greek College, which however, remain unnoticed for the great majority of academics, permit us to have an idea of what occupied Rogovsky during this time, as well as to draw a more precise portrait of his personality. Most remarkable is the fact of his priestly ordination in the Roman Catholic Church and the correspondence relating to Rome’s acceptance of his Russian Orthodox diaconal ordination. One of the most informative documents found among those relating to his ordination and addressed to the Roman Curia is the letter of a Russian Catholic, the deacon (later defrocked Petr Artem’ev, in which Artem’ev revealed that Rogovsky already had converted to Roman Catholicism before he left Russia. Equally noteworthy is Rogovsky’s own letter which he composed while in Venice and in which he formulated his plans for the propagation of Roman Catholicism in Russia.

From Idealised Moral Community to Real Tiger Society. The Catholic Church in Secular Ireland

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Jean-Christophe Penet

2008-03-01

Full Text Available From the 1960s to the 1980s, a time of “tension management” between “the old hegemony of Catholicism and nationalism and the emergence of liberalism and materialism” (Fogarty 1984: 102, Ireland’s self-image as a moral community came under the influence of secularisation. The country’s secularisation process speeded up when it decided to embrace new technologies – and consequently met with huge economic success – in the early 1990s, the results of which for Catholicism in Ireland were the visible and apparently irreversible undermining of the institution. However, I believe that Ireland’s secularisation through economic and psychological transformation affected the Irish Catholic Church as a whole, that is to say, its people as well as the institution. My argument in this article is that, whereas in an Ireland which many viewed as a traditional, well-integrated religious nation, it was possible for Irish Catholics to live their faith in an institutionalised manner through the idealised moral community desirable both to Church and State, economic success and increased internationalisation made this idea of community less sustainable. Indeed, in what has now become a “network society” (Castells 1996: 469, there has emerged a new breed of Catholics who no longer live their religion as a transcendent inheritance but as an immanent choice, and who, therefore, seem to “connect” to their religion more than they “commune” with it.

Catholicism and the Italian Fascist Myth of Romanità: Between Consciousness and Consent

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Jan Nelis

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Esbozando tanto la investigación académica actual sobre las “religiones políticas” como la “politización” de la religión, este artículo presenta un estudio del periódico jesuita La Civiltà Cattolica, el cual analiza los años 1922-1943. El foco específico está en el discurso católico sobre la antigüedad romana: como el régimen fascista hizo un amplio de una supuesta herencia “espiritual” de la antigüedad- una idea que fue resumida en la noción de romanità (romanizad, la prensa católica reaccionó definiendo su posición en este debate, especialmente con referencia a la relación entre los paganos y los cristianos, los fascistas y la Roma católica. Este estudio se une al ya amplio cuerpo de investigaciones concernientes al mito fascista de la romanità._________________ABSTRACT:Drawing on current scholarly research on “political religions,” as well as on the “politicisation” of religion, this article presents a study of the Jesuitical periodical La Civiltà Cattolica, of which it analyses the years 1922-1943. The specific focus is on the Catholic discourse on Roman antiquity: as the fascist regime made ample use of a supposed “spiritual” heritage from antiquity –an idea which was summarised in the notion of romanità (“Romanness”-, the Catholic press reacted by defining its position in this debate, especially with regard to the relationship between pagan and Christian, fascist and Catholic Rome. This study joins the already extensive body of research concerning the fascist myth of romanità.

Christianity and Political Thought

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Thomassen, Bjørn; Forlenza, Rosario

2016-01-01

This article engages with the thought of Augusto Del Noce (1910-1989), the most important Italian Catholic philosopher and political thinker of the twentieth century. The focus is on how Del Noce came to elaborate a Catholic ‘modernity,’ bridging a positive encounter between Catholicism, democracy......, and freedom. This philosophical project had a considerable impact on modern Italian culture and politics. At the theoretical level, the argument is embedded within a larger aim to recognize attempts within Catholic philosophy to articulate an Italian political trajectory that does not simply accept the tale...

O conceito de romanização do catolicismo brasileiro e a abordagem histórica da Teologia da Libertação (The concept of Romanization of Brazilian Catholicism and the historical approach of the Liberation Theology - DOI: 10.5752/P.2175-5841.2013v11n32p1485

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Maurício de Aquino

2013-12-01

Full Text Available A criação da Comisión para el Estudio de la Historia de la Iglesia en Latino América (CEHILA, no ano de 1973, na cidade de Quito, Equador, está umbilicalmente ligada ao nascimento da Teologia da Libertação em face da qual se apresenta, duplamente, como fundamento e expressão.  Considerando essa premissa, este artigo apresenta, problematiza e demonstra as relações entre a Teologia da Libertação e a história renovada da Igreja produzida pelo grupo CEHILA desde a análise histórica de livros considerados referenciais e, sobretudo, de artigos da Revista Eclesiástica Brasileira (REB, pertinentes ao conceito de romanização do catolicismo brasileiro – uma das noções centrais da produção historiográfica CEHILA com importante repercussão nacional e internacional. O artigo encerra-se com uma caracterização dos significados do conceito de romanização do catolicismo, as razões de sua adoção pelo grupo CEHILA e a defesa de que essa história renovada da Igreja pode ser considerada a mais bem-sucedida expressão da teologia libertadora latino-americana. Palavras-chave: Teologia da Libertação. CEHILA. Romanização. Igreja Católica. História do Brasil.  Abstract The creation of CEHILA [Comisión para el Estudio de la Historia de la Iglesia en Latino América], in 1973, in Quito, Ecuador, is inextricably linked to the birth to Liberation Theology in which it presents itself, doubly, as theoretical support and expression. Taking into account this premise the present article aims to discuss and demonstrate the relationship between Liberation Theology and the new history of the Catholic Church written by historians of CEHILA, mainly in the articles of REB (Revista Eclesiástica Brasileira, particularly about the concept of Romanization of Brazilian Catholicism – a key concept of historical production of CEHILA with significant national and international impact. Finally, there is a characterization of the meanings attributed

El concilio Vaticano II y su impacto en el campo episcopal argentino The Second Vatican Council and its impact on argentinian Episcopal field

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Paulo Margaria

2012-06-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo busca explorar el impacto que tuvo el Concilio Vaticano II en la Iglesia Católica Argentina, haciendo especial hincapié en el campo de los obispos, desde una perspectiva socio-religiosa que pretende dar cuenta de la complejidad del campo católico. Para ello nos parece adecuado utilizar la noción de "campo" en términos bourdianos. Consideramos que hablar de "campo religioso" nos permite concebir el catolicismo como un espacio social dinámico y atravesado por constantes conflictos y luchas llevadas a cabo por grupos de agentes que intentan dominar dicho campo. Esto nos permitirá caracterizar las diversas posturas que el Concilio acentuará en el catolicismo argentino, actuando de este modo como un propulsor y legitimador de reflexiones y conflictos que existían previamente.This article examines the impact that Second Vatican Council had on argentinian Catholic Church, with special emphasis on the Bishops field, from a socio-religious perspective that seeks to explain the complexity of Catholic field. Therefore, it seems appropriate to use the Pierre Bourdieu's notion of "field". We believe that talk about "religious field" allows us to conceive Catholicism as a dynamic social space spanned by constant conflicts and struggles carried out by groups of agents who tried to dominate the field. Again, this allows us to characterize the positions that the Council emphasized in the Argentine Catholicism, acting as a propellant and legitimizing ideas and conflicts that existed previously.

El asedio a la cristiandad. Intelectuales católicos y sociedad (1950-1965

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Zanca, José A.

2006-06-01

Full Text Available From the decline of Pius XII’s papacy to the end of the Vatican Council II, Catholicism faced an actual internal revolution. This paper seeks to analyse the development of discourse in Argentinian catholic thinkers in the 1950s and 1960s; and the conditions under which this change has been possible. The conciliary period was capable of transforming the inner relational system in catholicism and modifying the ways of sanction and legitimacy of discourse in the field: what can and what cannot be said underwent a radical transformation. Issues such as the role of laymen, pluralism, ecumenical dialogue, the relationship Church-State, etc., set up the coordinates of this intense debate.

Desde el atardecer del papado de Pío XII a la finalización del Concilio Vaticano II, el catolicismo vivió una autentica revolución interna. El trabajo propone analizar la trayectoria de los discursos de la intelectualidad católica argentina en las décadas del cincuenta y sesenta, y las condiciones que hicieron posible ese cambio. El período conciliar fue capaz de modificar el sistema de relaciones al interior del catolicismo y las formas de sanción y legitimidad de los discursos en el campo: lo decible y no decible sufrió una transformación radical. Temas como el rol de los laicos, el pluralismo, el diálogo ecuménico, la relación Iglesia - Estado, etc., formaron las coordenadas de ese intenso debate.

Mental hygiene in early Francoism: from racial hygiene to the prevention of mental illness (1939-1960).

Science.gov (United States)

Campos, Ricardo; Novella, Enric

In this paper, we study the ideological bases of mental hygiene, understood as racial and moral hygiene, during the first years of Franco's regime and their evolution until 1960. First, we discuss the conceptualization of mental hygiene in the 1940s and its role as a tool for the legitimization of dictatorship, revealing the involvement of orthodox Catholicism and its links with moral and racial hygiene. Second, we assess the transformation of mental hygiene during the 1950s towards modernization and a stronger linkage with the dominant trends of contemporary psychiatry without ever leaving the ideological background of Catholicism. For this purpose, we will focus on analysis of the activities of the Mental Hygiene Week held in Barcelona in 1954 and on the creation in 1955 of the National Board of Psychiatric Care, which took on mental hygiene as one of its functions. This paper shows the close relationship of mental hygiene during the early years of Francoism with the political principles of the Dictatorship. The 1940s witnessed the deployment of a harsh discourse in which mental hygiene was a tool for the (moral and spiritual) education of the Spanish people in the political principles of the "New State", pathologizing political dissent and ideologically purifying the country. In the 1950s, Francoist mental hygiene underwent a process of aggiornamento marked by international political events following the defeat of fascism in World War II, advancing a project for (authoritarian) modernization in an international context already directed towards mental health.

Towards the Romanization of the Mexican Church in the Late-Nineteenth Century

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Cecilia A. Bautista García

2005-07-01

Full Text Available During  the second half of the nineteenth century,  the papacy designed a specific reform for catholicism in Latin America, consisting  in a gradual centralization of pontifical  authority in detriment of the power  exerted by local hierarchies. This process was known as Romanization and, in the  case of Mexico, was translated  into  a series of actions including the  arrival of special delegates from Rome with the purpose of intervening  in the ecclesiastical reorganization of local churches  and in the reshapement of Church-State relations.

Il decadentismo spagnolo fra letteratura e crisi modernista

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Luis de Llera

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Siglo de Oro and Edad de Plata are the two culminating periods of the Spanish culture. The former symbolizes the apogee of the Empire and of Catholicism in the Iberian peninsula; the latter covers the period fron 1900 to 1936. However differences don't regard only temporal limits but even the more essential aspects of ideology: during the first years of the present century Spanish letters lose their Catholic mark in order to laicize in an irreversible way. The present work analizes the religious, philosophical and literary causes which led to this change.

Os espaços da fé: um estudo sobre o campo religioso na perspectiva da reliosidade popular

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André Camargo Lopes

2008-12-01

Full Text Available In view of the continuous change in the Brazilian religious field, this article is aimed at analyzing, through interviews and field observation, the maintenance and the ritual practices of the two major religious groups in the daily life of a small popular neighborhood in Londrina, state of Paraná. The discussion includes the circularities between the official discourse and the practices of religious agents, the maintenance of traditional popular Catholicism, the observation of a regular worship service, and an analysis of the elements that constitute the neighborhood’s religious identity of the Assembléia.

Mary and femininity: A psychological critique.

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Harrington, P A

1984-09-01

This essay uses Freud to interpret the symbolism and theology of Mary in modern Catholicism. In her role as the mother of believers, Mary functions to place the Christian in the position of a child who receives illusory gratification from the mother. In her role as model for Christians to emulate, Mary functions to place the Christian in the position of receptivity and dependence which Freud associated with femininity. Reinterpreting Freud from a feminist perspective, I suggest that the kind of femininity Mary represents serves to perpetuate patriachal social structures and to inhibit full psychological maturity.

This Used to Be the House of God… Local Adaptations of Liberalism, 1820-1825

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José Alfredo Rangel Silva

2003-07-01

Full Text Available This paper analyzes how, betweeen 1820 and  1825, the  inhabitants of several Mexican towns adapted certain liberal principles. Since some  priests hoped that the  favorable promises  made in the Plan de Iguala would be kept, conflicts arised regarding the application of liberties and  rights  coming  from  Cadiz. Without discrediting Catholicism, the liberal principles were used to defend  traditions and  rights  considered fair among church members, in an amazing  expression of the  cultural change that was ocurring in New Spain since mid-eighteenth century.

The future of Catholic health care: observations from an Orthodox Christian perspective.

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Cozby, Dimitri

1999-04-01

The author reflects on the future of Catholic health care by looking at the essays in this volume by Dennis Brodeur, Clarke E. Cochran, and Christopher J. Kauffman. The author argues that (1) Roman Catholic teaching on the Trinity is defective, yielding an inadequate model of society, (2) Roman Catholic teaching on the Incarnation is defective, yielding an impoverished understanding of the "sacramental," and (3) the institutional orientation of Roman Catholicism combined with the lack of true sacramental vision makes it nearly impossible for Roman Catholic theory to criticize the current structure of health care financing.

Religion and Depression in South Korea: A Comparison between Buddhism, Protestantism, and Roman Catholicism

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Jinhee Seomun

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Over the past few years, the occurrence of depression in South Korea has significantly increased. Even though Buddhism was the main religion in historical South Korea, Christianity has recently emerged as a dominant faith tradition. However, the relationship between religion and depression among older Korean adults is understudied. The present study is designed to investigate religious variations and the role of religious participation in depression among older Korean adults using the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA. From the KLoSA database, 6817 participants were extracted and analyzed. Utilizing the Korean version of the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D 10 and the generalized linear models (GLM, a significant difference in depressive symptoms between religious groups (p < 0.05 and religious nones surfaced. This significant difference remained even after adjusting for the confounding factors. When the levels of depressive symptoms were compared across various faith traditions, the lowest depression score was detected from Buddhists (7.04, followed by Roman Catholics (7.12, and Protestants (7.71. Moreover, a significant difference in depressive symptoms between Buddhists and Protestants was observed. With regard to the frequency of religious participation, a significant difference in the depression score was observed only for Protestants. That is, the depression score for those who reported attending religious meetings ‘once to six times a year’ was significantly higher than the others. It is concluded that those who are religiously involved had significantly less depression symptoms than religious nones. Moreover, of the three faith traditions, Buddhists and Protestants showed a significant difference in depressive symptoms.

Storiografia cattolica tedesca e Shoah: Memoria religiosa e politica della storia

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Massimo Faggioli

2011-04-01

Full Text Available The essay addresses and examines the approach of Catholic historians to the Shoah between the 1950s and the beginning of the 21st century in Germany. The relationship between German historiography and the Catholic perception of the Shoah is crucial to understanding the relationship between the post-World War II cultural landscape in Germany and what this German Catholic culture gave to contemporary Catholicism. This legacy is even more important since the Catholic Church elected a German pope in 2005, after the long pontificate of John Paul II, which was decisive in reshaping the historical and theological understanding of the Shoah.

Work as a cultural and personal value: attitudes towards work in Polish society.

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Skarzyńska, Krystyna

2002-01-01

The meaning of work for Poles is analyzed here from 2 perspectives: macrosocial and individual. From the macrosocial perspective work attitudes are explained by 3 factors: traditional Polish Catholicism, cultural patterns (influence of noble class tradition), and experience of "real socialism." From an individual perspective some psychological and demographic predictors of an autonomous (intrinsic) work attitude are empirically tested. The autonomous attitude towards work is understood here as treating work as an important autonomous value versus only an instrumental means for earning money. The data was collected by means of standardized interviews run on a representative random sample of adult working Poles, N = 1340.

Escenario discursivo y signifi cados implícitos en una guía ‘para los verdaderos viajeros’: el caso de la Guía Azul de Zaragoza

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Giovanni Garofalo

2012-05-01

Full Text Available This study focuses on the manipulation strategies used in the ‘construction’ of the tourist destination, emphasizing the evolution of some myths indicated by Barthes (catholicism, the imperial past, the concept of ‘Spanish nation’. Actually, some recent guides hint at the rising of a fresh mythology in which local particularism and the century-old desire for self-governance plays an essential role. After outlining the ‘scenography’ or representation model, the suggested analysis aims to prove that both the image of the place and the discursive memory are refl ected in the text through implicit meaning,such as presupposition and irony.

Storiografia cattolica tedesca e Shoah: Memoria religiosa e politica della storia / German Catholic Historiography and the Holocaust: Religious Memory and Politics of Remembrance

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Faggioli, Massimo

2011-04-01

Full Text Available The essay addresses and examines the approach of Catholic historians to the Shoah between the 1950s and the beginning of the 21st century in Germany. The relationship between German historiography and the Catholic perception of the Shoah is crucial to understanding the relationship between the post-World War II cultural landscape in Germany and what this German Catholic culture gave to contemporary Catholicism. This legacy is even more important since the Catholic Church elected a German pope in 2005, after the long pontificate of John Paul II, which was decisive in reshaping the historical and theological understanding of the Shoah.

The Shorts of Bury St Edmunds: medicine, Catholicism and politics in the 17th century.

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Young, Francis

2008-11-01

The Short family of Bury St Edmunds produced at least eight doctors between the first half of the 17th century and the first half of the 18th. Some of these practised locally and others went on to achieve fame in London or abroad. They included Richard Short (d. 1668), a medical polemicist, and Thomas Short (1635-85) who treated Charles II in his last illness and became the subject of poetry and other literature. The Shorts generated controversy through their adherence to the Roman Catholic faith at a time of persecution and suspicion. Richard Short used medical polemic as a vehicle for advancing his religious views, and his son and nephew became involved in James II's political programme to introduce religious toleration in 1688. After the Revolution the Shorts withdrew from political life but continued in their medical practice and their recusancy. This paper is the first to unravel the family relationships of the Shorts, which previously have eluded most historians.

Modernism and catholic political doctrine

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Henry T. Sardaryan

2017-01-01

Full Text Available The article studies the perception of Modernism by the Catholic Church as a movement within the clerical structure and philosophy that existed during the 19-20th centuries in the framework of general skepticism and rejection of tradition, prioritization of individualism, formal equality, faith in inevitability of social, scientific and technological progress, rationalization and professionalization. A distinctive feature of this movement is the participation of the priests themselves, especially in France and Italy. The object of research is the Catholic political doctrine during the pontificate of Pius X. Modernist movement in Catholicism, in opinion of many scientists had a decisive impact on the reform direction during the Second Vatican Council, but on closer study of the discourse that took place in the late 19th - early 20th centuries, it becomes obvious that this is not true. The focus of the article is the political doctrine of Catholicism - the issue of state political structure, its relationship with church institutions, status of the individual in societyc. In this regard, the modernists gave priority to necessity of secularization and complete separation of secular and spiritual power. In the article different scientifical methods, ave used such as dialectical, logical, comparative, systematic. The main conclusion of the author is that modernism should be regarded as an unsuccessful attempt to reform the Catholic Church that could have lead to its another schism, rather than a route towards the Second Vatican Council. The desire to change the structure, methods of church mission, its hierarchy and a number of other formal elements – was implemented by church itself for multiple times before. However, revision of the foundations of Christian ethics and its ontology, including its political doctrine, ran into resistance of the Holy See, causing, in essence, a rhetorical question - whether scientific and technical progress should

Culture barbariche, modelli ecclesiastici, tradizione romana nell'Italia longobarda e franca Barbarian culture, ecclesiastical pattern, Roman tradition in the Lombard and Frankish Italy

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Stefano Gasparri

2005-12-01

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Propone una sintesi aggiornata sui principali problemi politici, religiosi e culturali dell’Italia dei secoli VIII-IX: l’evoluzione della religiosità dei longobardi dall’arianesimo al progressivo inquadramento cattolico e la difficile integrazione tra longobardi e latini e franchi. Una attenzione particolare è rivolta ai longobardi dell’Italia meridionale.

This study offers an updated synthesis of the main political, religious and cultural issues in 8th and 9th century Italy. In particular, it examines the progressive transition of the Longobard religious faith from Arianism to Catholicism, and the troubled integration of Lombards, Latins and Franks. Special attention is paid to Lombards’ riots in southern Italy.

Hilpoltstein at Johann Christoph Sturm's times (German Title: Hilpoltstein zu Zeiten Johann Christoph Sturms)

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Platz, Kai Thomas

After an overview on the foundations of research, the conditions inside the town of Hilpoltstein in the first half of the 17th century are described. Since Hilpoltstein was situated at the road from Nuremberg to Munich, and thus at one of the most important north-south trading routes of medieval times, the town florished in economic terms at the beginning of the 17th century. Afterwards, however, the inhabitants had to suffer religious troubles, since the count palatine Wolfgang Wilhelm converted to catholicism. We collect the traces of the Sturm family in Hilpoltstein that still exist today, and complete the picture by giving an overview of the architectural, commercial and social conditions of those times.

Singing Thy Sweet Radiance Encircling the Gem like World: A Comparative Study between Gerard Manley Hopkins and Rabindranath Tagore

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Mohammad Kaosar Ahmed

2013-05-01

Full Text Available Rabindranath Tagore, the first Nobel- Laureate in the Indian sub-continent journeyed all spheres of the domain of Bangla Literature in 19th century. His works are viewed in the West as spiritual and mercurial. On the other hand, Born in Victorian England and being influenced by the Oxford Movement, Hopkins decided to convert into restricted form of Catholicism, Jesuit life that made him culturally isolated. Despite having different religious and socio-cultural background their central philosophical concern is in most cases similar. Shading   light on their views about nature, devotion to God, spiritual agony, this article goes deep into their values and beliefs and makes an analogy between them.

Mothers and Spirits: Religious Identity, Alcohol, and Death

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Candi K. Cann

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Mothers and Spirits examines the intersection of women, alcohol, and death through a comparative analysis. Offering a brief history of the study of drinking, followed by a short analysis of drinking in European and Chinese cultures, Cann examines two religious texts central to the roles of women and alcohol in Chinese religious thought and Christianity. Finally, Cann utilizes the historical and textual background to contextualize her ethnographic study of women, alcohol, and death in Mexican Catholicism, Chinese religions, and American Southern Baptist Christianity. Cann argues that both alcohol and temperance are used as a way to forge, cement, and create gender identity, constructing alternate discourses of power and inclusivity.

La difícil nacionalización de la derecha española en la primera mitad del siglo XIX

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José Álvarez Junco

2001-12-01

Full Text Available The article describes the evolution of Spanish conservative opinion throughout the first half of the nineteenth century, with regard to the rise of nationalism. At first, the new formulation of political legitimacy in nationalist terms was not well received in conservative circles. The revolutionary origins of the theory of national sovereignty was suspect for those who were accustomed to justifying obedience to power in terms of religion and dynastic legitimacy. Around the fourth or fifth decade of the century, in the apogee of Romanticism, and under the influence ofjaume Balmes, Catholic opinion began to accept the new world view in terms of national identities, as long as «Spain» was strictly identified with Catholicism.

Religious beliefs along the suicidal path in northern Taiwan.

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Fang, Chun-Kai; Lu, Hsin-Chin; Liu, Shen-ing; Sun, Yi-Wen

2011-01-01

This study aimed to understand the current inclinations toward depression and compulsion for members of four different religious groups, and to predict religious beliefs along the suicide path through analyzing the lifetime prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts for members of these religious groups. Participants in this cross-sectional study, which adopted purposive sampling, were members of Christianity, Catholicism, Buddhism, and Taoism in northern Taiwan. In the case of suicide experiences, suicides among people one knows, and tendency toward compulsion and depression, there are statistical differences between the four religions. According to the results, some people with suicidal tendency will attend religious activities; therefore, we predict that religious beliefs play an important role in suicide prevention.

Catolicismo social: porvenir de una tradición en crisis

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Eduardo Silva

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Como cierre prospectivo de un coloquio dedicado al catolicismo social, este artículo reconoce, en su primera parte, la crisis del discurso social de la Iglesia. Crisis no solo actual, sino también en el origen e historia de una tradición que se estima es uno de los antecedentes de la renovación conciliar, que en su diálogo con el mundo invita a la entrada del tiempo en la teología y en la ética. El porvenir de esta tradición en crisis requiere del recurso a la razón filosófica y a la realidad histórica. Por ello en la segunda parte se recogen los aportes de la filosofía política de Paúl Ricoeury de Charles Taylor en tres asuntos claves: lo bueno respecto de lo justo, el holismo frente al atomismo, los derechos colectivos frente a la exclusividad de los derechos individuales. Finalmente, en la tercera parte recogiendo su legado y estos debates filosóficos se reflexiona sobre el aporte del catolicismo social latinoamericano a un continente en el que los procesos de mercantilización, despolitización e individualismo, que acompañan esta modernidad tardía globalizada, amenazan con la disolución de nuestras comunidades históricas en sociedades sin atributos y sin identidad cultural. Las tradiciones vivas del continente, seculares y religiosas, y entre ellas el catolicismo, son el mayor recurso para enfrentar este desafío que suma a la cuestión social el de la cuestión liberal.As a closing perspective at a colloquium dedicated to Social Catholicism, this article recognizes, in the first section, the crisis in the social discourse of the Church. This crisis is not exclusively a present reality, but is also found in the origins and history of a tradition that is considered to be one of the precedents to conciliar renewal, which in its dialogue with the world invites modern times into theology and ethics. The future of this tradition in crisis demands recourse to philosophical reason and historical reality. So, in the second part

[An enigma named Agostino Gemelli: Catholicism, fascism and psychoanalysis in Italy during the inter-war period].

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Pasqualini, Mauro

2016-01-01

The Franciscan friar Agostino Gemelli has been the subject of much research and debate. This is due to his important political profile and, above all, to the role he played in mediating between the Catholic world and fascism in Italy during the inter-war period. Gemelli was also a central figure in Italian psychology, especially during the 1930s and 1940s. This article is structured to focus in particular on the way that his connections with political and ecclesiastic powers allowed him to become increasingly significant within Italian psychology. Using the example of Gemelli's relationship with psychoanalysis, this study highlights the tension between his relatively open-minded stance and his links to authoritarian, dogmatic ideologies and institutions.

Gender and morals in Spanish Catholic youth culture: a case study of the Marian Congregations 1930-1936.

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Vincent, M

2001-01-01

Jesuit-run Marian Congregations proliferated in 1930s Spain. Drawing on literature produced for their members, this article demonstrates how gendered understandings were fundamental to the congregations' symbolic delineation of an uncontaminated Catholic space. Visions of an incorrupt male elite abound, reinforcing the Jesuits' educational mission among future leaders and opinion-formers. In contrast, the purity of women and children was seen as a sign of society's moral health. Modesty was the quintessential female virtue. Yet, the cult of the Virgin Mary suggested that the virginal female body was both tool and symbol in the struggle against a fallen world. Girls were, therefore, charged with the task of moral guardianship. Such campaigns were emblematic of Spanish Catholicism's tendency to proffer religious solutions to social problems.

`Science to the Glory of God'. The Popular Science Magazine Ibérica and its Coverage of Radioactivity, 1914-1936

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Herran, Néstor

2012-03-01

This paper provides a first approach to the history of Ibérica, one of the most important popular science magazines published in Spain before the Civil War. Founded in 1914 by members of the Society of Jesus based at the Ebro Observatory, Ibérica reached a weekly circulation of about 10,000 in the mid 1920s, and was instrumental in extending science education in Jesuit education facilities and in developing a "reactionary modernist" culture that embraced Catholicism and modernisation. By focusing on its coverage of radioactivity and the radium industry, the article aims to examine the magazine's popularising style and ideology, and to determine its role in the debates regarding the cultural value of science in the first decades of twentieth century Spain.

Spirituality and Religiosity in Elderly Adults with Chronic Disease

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Isabel Patricia Gómez Palencia

Full Text Available Objective.This work sought to explore the relationship between spirituality and religiosity in elderly adults with chronic disease. Methods. This was a cross-sectional cohort study with a representative sample of 229 elderly adults with chronic disease registered in 12 life centers in the city of Cartagena. Reed's Spiritual Perspective and Francis' Religiosity scales were applied. Results. Mean age was 74.4 years, 62.9% were women, and the most frequent occupations were: unemployed (45.9% and housewives (44.5%; the religion most practiced was Catholicism (81.2%. Levels of spirituality and religiosity were high, showing a moderate and direct correlation (r = 0.57. Conclusion. A directly proportional relationship exists between spirituality and religiosity in elderly adults with chronic disease.

Religião e (DesOrdem Social: Contestado, Juazeiro e Canudos nos Estudos Sociológicos sobre Movimentos Religiosos

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Emerson Giumbelli

1997-01-01

Full Text Available The article analyzes sociological work produced during the 1960s and 1970s on Messianic and rural religious movements, specifically encompassing the episodes of Contestado, Juazeiro, and Canudos. It begins with these authors’ characterizations of the social formations within which the movements emerged and with a discussion of coronelismo. It next examines how the notion of Popular Catholicism fits into these studies and what importance is attached to it. Lastly, it explores these authors’ evaluations of the degree and nature of social rupture which is occasioned by these religious movements, and goes on to identify links between such evaluations and two kinds of questions: the distinction between religious and secular protests and the relationship between religion and social class.

From the Renaissance to the Modern World—Introduction

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Peter Iver Kaufman

2012-12-01

Full Text Available On November 11 and 12, 2011, a symposium held at the University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill honored John M. Headley, Emeritus Professor of History. The organizers, Professor Melissa Bullard—Headley’s colleague in the department of history at that university—along with Professors Paul Grendler (University of Toronto and James Weiss (Boston College, as well as Nancy Gray Schoonmaker, coordinator of the Program in Medieval and Early Modern Studies—assembled presenters, respondents, and dozens of other participants from Western Europe and North America to celebrate the career of their prolific, versatile, and influential colleague whose publications challenged and often changed the ways scholars think about Martin Luther, Thomas More, the Habsburg empire, early modern Catholicism, globalization, and multiculturalism. [...

La Iglesia católica y el Ejército español: los capellanes castrenses y la recatolización de la juventud española (1938-1951

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Alberto González González

2016-06-01

Full Text Available The outcome of the Spanish Civil War brought an end to the secularization project, undertaken in the wake of the proclamation of the Second Republic. In 1939, a new regime was established, built upon two main pillars: the army and religion. The compulsory nature of military service in the country provided the Spanish Catholic Church with easy access to young males, who were incorporated into the ranks of the army on a yearly basis. By virtue of these circumstances, a re-Catholicization process was begun amongst young Spaniards, who had become alienated from the Catholic faith during the Republican years. In this process, one figure would acquire particular importance in post-war Spain, that of the army chaplain.

Il Concilio Vaticano II nella stampa comunista italiana (1959-1965

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Lorenzo Ettorre

2011-10-01

Full Text Available The John XXIII’s pontificate and the Second Vatican Ecumenical Council’s convocation were a major turning points, not only for the religious institution but also for the modern society. In order to improve the Christian spirit in history, these changes renewed some ways of action and the positions of Catholicism in the contemporary age. Through a particular analysis of the Italian communist press, where also judgments of Togliatti, Donini, Spriano appear, the Italian communist party’s reactions in respect to the Council have been verified, keeping its aspirations, strategies and international internships in mind. The result is an original study in regard to the relationships between catholics and communists and a general vision of Italian Republic’s history.

Pseudepigraphy and the Petrine school: Spirit and tradition in 1 and 2 Peter and Jude

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Patrick Chatelion Counet

2006-09-01

Full Text Available This article identifies four “patterns of religion” (E P Sanders in the pseudepigraphic letters of Peter and Jude in order to support the hypothesis of a “Petrine school” (J H Elliott. The first pattern that connects the letters is a Geisttradition (K Aland, guaranteeing continuity of tradition. The second is the interrelationship between faith and ethics (fides quae and fides qua. The combination of sanctification and eschatology is a third pattern connecting the three documents. Finally, two florilegia can be identified (one from the Old Testament and apocrypha, and one from the chokmatic tradition, suggesting a fourth pattern: a warning against ungodliness and infidelity. The existence of a Petrine group could represent a preliminary stage of subsequent Early Catholicism.

The role of Vatican in disintegrating of Yugoslavia

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Vuković Slobodan V.

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Intolerance of Vatican primarily toward Serbs and afterwards towards Serbian state has long enduring history. This history got new impetus after the forming of Congregation for the religious propaganda. Vatican led policy against the forming of first Yugoslavia between the World Wars and worked on its destabilization especially after the forming of catholic organization named the Cruisers. During the II WW Vatican took full cooperation with Ustashi’s Independent State of Croatia. During this period Catholic church headed by the Holy Chair approved mass introduction into Catholicism of Serbs and their mass killing that became real genocide in scope. In last crisis during the nineties Vatican gave full help in disintegration of Yugoslavia in order to make easier proselytism on the East.

Religión, guerra y ciudad: clero y gobierno local en Puebla durante la guerra con Estados Unidos (1847-1848

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Sergio Rosas Salas

2016-04-01

Full Text Available This article analyzes the role of the clergy in Puebla (Mexico in defense of the city during the war with the United States, and their ability to reach agreements with civil authorities in order to protect the civilian population, maintain order despite the military occupation, and maintain religious services as a factor of public tranquility. It argues that, thanks to negotiation and agreement between both powers, devotional practice became a fundamental factor in maintaining order. The research was based on local files and a group of published sources dealing with the relations between the U.S. army and the clergy in Puebla, leading to the conclusion that Catholicism was a factor of cohesion in defending the city.

CATHOLICS, MUSLIMS, AND GLOBAL POLITICS IN SOUTHEAST ASIA

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Sumanto Al Qurtuby

2012-07-01

Full Text Available This article discusses the role of Catholics, Muslims, and civic associations in the global politics of the Philippines and Indonesia. The two countries have shared in common with regard to the geographical feature (both are archipelagic countries, the diversity of societies and cultures, and the history of colonialism, dictatorship, ethno-religious violence, and political movement, to name but a few. In addition to their similarities, both countries also have significant differences in particular pertaining to religious dominance (the Philippines dominated by Catholicism, while Indonesia by Islam and the structure of their societies: while the Philippines is a class-stratified society, Indonesia has long been ideologized by colonial and post-colonial religious and political powers. Apart from their parallels and distinctions, religion—both Catholicism and Islam—has marvellous role, negatively or positively, in global politics and public cultures, indicating its vigor and survival in global political domains. This comparative paper, more specifically, examines the historical dynamics of the interplay between religion, civil society, and political activism by using the Philippines and Indonesia as a case study and point of analysis.[Artikel ini mendiskusikan peran Katolik, Muslim dan asosiasi warga dalam politik global di dua negara; Indonesia dan Filipina. Kedua negara tersebut memiliki kesamaan, baik dalam hal ciri geografis sebagai negara kepulauan, keragaman masyarakat dan budayanya, sejarah kolonialisme, pemerintahan diktator, kekerasan etnik-agama, serta gerakan keagamaan. Terlepas dari kesamaan tersebut, keduanya memiliki perbedaan, utamanya menyangkut agama dominan (di Filipina didominasi oleh Katolik, sementara di Indonesia oleh Islam dan struktur masyarakatnya (Filipina ditandai dengan stratifikasi masyarakat berdasarkan klas sosial, sementara di Indonesia ditandai dengan ideologi agama kolonial, paska-kolonial, politik. Terlepas

УЧАСТЬ ПРЕДСТАВНИКІВ РИМО-КАТОЛИЦЬКОГО КЛІРУ ПРАВОБЕРЕЖНОЇ УКРАЇНИ В РЕВОЛЮЦІЙНО-ДЕМОКРАТИЧНИХ ТА ЛІБЕРАЛЬНИХ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯХ у другій половині XIX — на початку XX ст.

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Ю. В. Хитровська

2015-04-01

Full Text Available The purpose of this article is deep analysis the problem of the participation of the Rome-Catholic clergy on the Right-Bank Ukraine in the liberal and revolutionary-democratic movements in the second half of the 19th — in the beginning of the 20 th ct. For the investigating this problem author used scientific literature and archives documents. At the end of 18th — in the early 19th ct. the top of Roman-Catholic Church, despite the significant differences in the ideology of Catholicism and Freemasonry, went to the rapprochement with Poland Masons of political reasons — the struggle for independence of the Commonwealth. This was due to the inevitability of secularization of land ownership and the establishment of the «Latin» church of the same administrative control by the imperial government, under which long ago was the Russian Orthodox Church. In this historical period, the Polish elite largely relied on Masonic organization guided exclusively patriotic aspirations to revive the Great Poland. For the Polish secret societies support the Roman-Catholic Church was a significant factor on the eve of the uprising against Russia in 1830 –1831, they were preparing hard, since Catholicism had significant ideological influence on a significant part of the Right-Bank Ukraine. This goal subordinated forces formed at the beginning of 19th ct. in Right-Bank Ukraine in the Polish secret societies and Masonic lodges and local Roman-Catholic clergy. As the evidence archival documents, they continued their work in the middle of 19th — in the early 20th ct., especially before and during the uprising against autocracy in 1863–1864 years, achieving the overthrow of the Russian monarchy. However, part of the Roman-Catholic clergy in this process was somewhat more modest than in the beginning 19th ct., which was caused by the tsarist government holding tight against church policy of the Roman-Catholic Church, including the Right-bank Ukraine.

Religious construction of a first episode of psychosis in urban Brazil.

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Redko, Cristina

2003-12-01

Religion plays an important role in the lives of people with psychosis. Based on fieldwork with 21 families living in poor neighborhoods of São Paulo, Brazil, this article examines how youth suffering a first episode of psychosis resort to religion for help (including, Catholicism, Pentecostalism, Candomblé, and Umbanda) and how this frames their experience of psychosis and that of their family members. For young people, the personal articulation of religious idioms and signifiers served to communicate, elaborate and transform their experience of psychosis. Family members resorted to religion as a source of healing, complementary to psychiatric treatment, as well as for personal relief and comfort. For youth, involvement with religion worked in both 'progressive' and 'regressive' ways, to improve and, at times, to diminish functioning and well-being.

The sword and the prayerbook: ideals of authentic Irish manliness.

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Nugent, Joseph

2008-01-01

As the Catholic Church responded to secular models of the nineteenth-century hero by refurbishing its saints, the Irish Church promoted its native saint, Colmcill, as the sole authentic positive stereotype deserving of the Irishman's emulation. At a time when the concepts of Irishness and manliness were being contested, the League of St. Columba proposed that the physical, psychological, and spiritual characteristics of Colmcill be materialized in the new Irish youth. By folding the mystical rhetoric of Catholicism into the search for national identity, the League altered the course of Irish nationalism and inflected the trajectory of Irish masculine development. While Colmcill's ascendance as an emulatory type was brief, the qualities he was shaped to embody were reinscribed in the Catholic priest, who became installed as the aspirational model for the youth of Ireland.

Inventing order catholic intellectuals in Brazil

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Fernando Antonio Pinheiro Filho

Full Text Available The work investigates the social genesis and characteristics of the emergence of an intellectual experience directly linked to the propagation of Catholic doctrine, which took shape in Brazil between the 1920s and 1940s. The analysis centres on the activity of the Dom Vital Centre and the magazine A Ordem, entities which expressed the political and cultural militancy of Jackson de Figueiredo, the movement's main lay leader. The text then looks to comprehend the approximation of artists and literary figures who incorporated Catholicism as both the theme and form of their productions within modernist circles, basing its analysis of the trajectory of the triad formed by Ismael Nery, Jorge de Lima and Murilo Mendes, who succeeded in including their production in the period's most dynamic pole of artistic activity.

Authenticity / الصحة (as-sehah) in Employment Relations

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Tackney, Charles T.

as a transcultural foundation. Workplace parameters, the minimal enabling conditions for the possibility of authentic employment relations, are then identified and compared. We explore common expectations for a theology of the workplace in terms of the direct and indirect employer: those national laws, systems......Authenticity / الصحة (as-sehah) serves as a criterion or predictor variable in a comparative theological investigation of employment relations parameters in light of social teachings from Sunni Islam and Roman Catholicism. Authenticity finds initial, shared significance in both religious traditions......, and traditions that condition the functional range of authenticity that can be actualized within national or other work settings as experienced in the direct employment contract. The method and findings are a first effort to clarify thought and aid mutual understanding for inter-faith employment circumstances...

Estabilidad y Naufragio en el Devenir de la Sociedad Moderna

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Héctor Fernando López Acero

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Lutero se distancia del catolicismo y aglutina a los creyentes alrededor de la fe. Su interpretación de la verdad presiona, sin embargo, en dirección de la autonomía y de la libertad. Ello introduce a la humanidad en la búsqueda incesante de sí misma trasformando la estabilidad religiosa en un naufragio metafísico.Palabras Clave: Naufragio; estabilidad; fe; autonomía; pensar. Stability and Shipwreck Becoming of Modern SocietyAbstractLutero moves away from Catholicism and agglomerate the believers around faith. His interpretation of the truth pressed, however, in the direction of autonomy and freedom. This introduces humanity in the relentless pursuit of itself that transforms the religious stability in a metaphysical shipwreck.Keywords: Shipwreck; stability; faith; autonomy; to think.

Libertad sin libertades. El Concilio y la realidad social durante el episcopado de Vicente Enrique y Tarancón en Asturias

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José Luis Fernández Jerez

2016-06-01

Full Text Available This article centers on the analysis of the implantation of the Second Vatican Council on Asturias. There are multiple reasons that justify it: on one hand, after finishing the Council, Vicente Enrique and Tarancon – who, with posteriority, would be a key figure in the democratic Transition – was named as archibishop. On the other hand, this region was one of the places where the social catholicism and the anticlericalism developed with more force in the first third of the XXth century. Already in the period of the Council, the concept of freedom born of the Dignitatis Humanae, together with the Gaudium et Spes, not only was interpreted in relation with other religious creeds, but also it included the fight for the rights and democratic freedoms.

À esquerda da tradição / To the left of tradition

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Wellington Teodoro da Silva

2010-01-01

Full Text Available O movimento conhecido como esquerda católica organizou-se ao entorno de três eixos: 1 a consciência histórica e a consciência da história; 2 a revolução cristã e 3 a fidelidade à grande tradição. Este artigo trata deste último eixo que constitui o empenho desse movimento em mostrar-se como o fiel intérprete da longuíssima tradição do catolicismoromano. / The movement known as Catholic Left is organized around three axes: 1 the historical consciousness and the awareness of history, 2 the Christian revolution and 3 the loyalty to the great tradition. This article deals with this last axis, which constitutes the commitment of this movement to show itself as the faithful interpreter of the very longtradition of Roman Catholicism.

As mulheres ou os silêncios da Procissão do Fogaréu

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Clovis Carvalho Britto

2011-01-01

Full Text Available This paper is the result of preliminary reflections on the transformation of women's participation in festivities of Brazilian popular Catholicism and it had as research object the Procession of “Fogaréu” in the city of Goiás-GO. Its goal is to understand the place occupied by women in the fabric of religious-symbolic economy and the implications of this strangled voice. / O presente texto é fruto de reflexões preliminares sobre as transformações da participação das mulheres nas festividades do catolicismo popular brasileiro tendo como objeto de pesquisa a Procissão do Fogaréu na cidade de Goiás-GO. Seu objetivo é compreender o lugar ocupado pelas mulheres na trama de economia simbólico-religiosa e as implicações dessa voz embargada.

Catholic Modernity and the Italian Constitution

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Thomassen, Bjørn; Forlenza, Rosario

2016-01-01

and give direction to the very idea of political modernity, bridging a positive encounter between Catholicism, democracy, and freedom. The specific argument is embedded within a larger aim to recognize attempts within Catholic philosophy and political thought to articulate a trajectory that moved away from......This article analyzes the Catholic contribution to the Italian republican and democratic Constitution of 1948. The focus is on the specific way in which the Italian citizen became symbolically coded as a ‘person’ and not as an ‘individual’, inspired by Catholic social philosophy. The Catholic...... project for the new Constitution had a considerable impact on modern Italian culture and politics and on the building of a modern mass democracy and welfare state. During the crucial historical juncture that followed the collapse of Fascism, Catholic politicians and intellectuals sought to interpret...

La nuova qualificazione dei docenti di religione: note a margine del D.P.R. n. 175 del 2012

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Simona Attollino

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Il contributo, sottoposto a valutazione, è destinato alla pubblicazione negli atti del Convegno nazionale ADEC "Insegnamenti e insegnanti di religione nella scuola pubblica italiana" (Catanzaro, 25-27 ottobre 2012. SOMMARIO: 1. Il piano dei diritti: incompiute acquisizioni giurisprudenziali - 2. La qualificazione professionale dei docenti alla luce del D.P.R. n. 175 del 20 agosto 2012 - 3. Verso l’accentuazione del carattere culturale dell’I.R.C. - 4. L’ermeneutica del pluralismo sociale: un’offerta formativa aperta. ABSTRACT This essay regards the new professional status of teacher's religion in public school, in the light of juridical discipline approved in 2012. It analyses the rules as well as the abundant case-law in this field, underling the trend that considers the cultural value of catholicism teaching in public school in respect to the context of religious and social pluralism.

Bizancio en la Crónica Universal de san Isidoro de Sevilla BIZANTIUM IN THE UNIVERSAL CHRONICLE OF SAINT ISIDORO OF SEVILLA

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José Marín R

2010-01-01

Full Text Available En este artículo, el autor analiza el Chronicon de San Isidoro de Sevilla, para demostrar que no es neutro desde el punto de vista de la narración, sino que, al contrario, su disposición y argumentos nos revelan claramente la marcada intencionalidad ideológica de su autor, quien busca mostrar la debilidad bélica y moral de Bizancio para resaltar la grandeza del Reino Visigodo, baluarte del catolicismo y la romanidad.In this article, the author analyzes Isidore's Chronicon to demónstrate that it is not neutral from the point of view of the narrative, but on the contrary his disposition and argumente reveal clearly his ideological intention. His author seeks to show the weakness of Byzantium to highlight the greatness of the Visigothic Kingdom, refuge of Catholicism and Romanity.

«Christian Education for Workers». The educational activity of the diocese of Zamora during the Restoration: school for adults and the Catholic Circle of Workers

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Miguel Ángel HERNÁNDEZ FUENTES

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Throughout the nineteenth century came a stream within the Church that came to be known as Social Catholicism. Some of the most striking developments of this social action of the Church were the promotion of popular education and religious instruction, understood by the prelates as the best way to improve the moral situation of Spain. An early and fruitful outcome of this proposal was the creation of schools for adult education with which it pretended to solve the labor situation from an educational level. This article analyzes the episcopal discourse that served as an ideological support for the implementation of these schools and also presents the implementation and development of two initiatives that promoted the education of the proletariat in the diocese of Zamora: the Sunday and Night Schools and the Catholic Circle of Workers.

Flower Power: Desire, Gender, and Folk Belief in the Joycean Mary Garden

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Christin Mulligan

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Robert Brazeau and Derek Gladwin’s Eco-Joyce (2014 largely overlooks a historical basis for ecocritical thought. The absence of a historicist view requires consideration not only of the natural world but folk botany, such as the Mary Garden that is a phantom presence in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man as well as in “Nausicaa” and “Penelope” in Ulysses and Finnegans Wake. The undergrowth of the garden reconfigures human action and subtly predicts it with its compendium of theological and devotional meanings for the burgeoning sexuality expressed by Gerty MacDowell and Issy Earwicker as well as the mature longing of Molly Bloom. This essay will establish a fresh Deleuzian paradigm of Becoming-Flower to demonstrate how the Mary Garden blooms to present new perspectives on Catholicism, eros, and gender identity in Joyce’s major works.

EVOLUTION IN SCHOOL: REGENERATION OF THE LIBERAL REPUBLIC (1880-1930

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Leonardo Tovar Bernal

2016-09-01

Full Text Available This article tries to clarify, based on the analysis of some representative texts from the time, the way that the evolution´s notions were materialized on classroom during the conservative dominance of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, before liberalism took power again in 1930. It is not a definitive study; much less, intended to exhaust the topic. It describes a scene about the reaction, not infrequently acrimonious, that evolution and those explanations did not contemplate the divine idea faced within education profoundly affected by Catholic dogma. It also tries to explain the convoluted situation of this case, therefore, although the dominance of notions influenced by Catholicism, there was a small space for those lessons solved to the evolution, as well as others that conjugated elements of both, which is to show a problematic situation, in which the religious feud was not absolute.

Discovering the African freshwater "torpedo": legendary Ethiopia, religious controversies, and a catfish capable of reanimating dead fish.

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Piccolino, Marco; Finger, Stanley; Barbara, Jean-Gaël

2011-07-01

The electric catfishes of African rivers and lakes, once depicted on Egyptian tomb art, have been largely overlooked in histories and reviews of electric fish biology and animal electricity. This article examines how Westerners, especially Dominican and Jesuit missionaries, discovered them in Ethiopia and other parts of Africa at the beginning of the seventeenth century. What transpired took place against the backdrop of tales involving the Bible, Prester John's mythical empire, and imaginary animals with fabulous powers. In effect, how they were found is related to attempts to convert Ethiopian Christians to true Catholicism, hopes of discovering great riches, and opportunities to trade, and not with the efforts of skilled natural philosophers to document and conduct experiments on the wildlife of this continent. Nevertheless, the early descriptions by Europeans circulated, and during the next century these catfishes began to be used in experiments that helped to make animal electricity a reality.

John Tyndall's religion: a fragment

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Cantor, Geoffrey

2015-01-01

Both contemporaries and historians have focused on the high-profile 1874 Belfast Address in which John Tyndall was widely perceived as promulgating atheism. Although some historians have instead interpreted him as a pantheist or an agnostic, it is clear that any such labels do not accurately capture Tyndall's religious position throughout his life. By contrast, this paper seeks to chart Tyndall's religious journey from 1840 (when he was in his late teens) to the autumn of 1848 when he commenced his scientific studies at Marburg. Although he had been imbued with his father's stern conservative Irish Protestantism and opposition to Catholicism, as a youth he seems for a time to have been attracted to Methodism. Later, however, he questioned and rejected his father's religious views and was increasingly drawn to the more spiritual outlook of Ralph Waldo Emerson and Thomas Carlyle, along with a more radical attitude to politics.

Catolicismo y política en el Gobierno de Kirchner

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Fortunato MALLIMACI

2009-11-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN: Se trata de un estudio histórico y sociológico de las múltiples relaciones entre religión y política en Argentina mostrando un catolicismo que se presenta con propuestas a nivel social, simbólico y generador de identidad nacional. Se profundiza en las nuevas tensiones entre el actual gobierno peronista de Kirchner y la institución católica por el control de las creencias, los cuerpos y la memoria.ABSTRACT: The historical and sociological study of the relations between religion and politics in Argentina reveals a Catholicism that presents itself with a project at the social and symbolic level, and as provider of national identity. This is accentuated in the new tensions between the current Peronist government of Kirchner and the institutional Catholic church over control of beliefs, bodies and memory.

Comparison of family planning in Cuba and Ireland.

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Smyth, Suzie; Stronge, Shirley

2015-08-26

Family planning gives individuals and couples control and choice over the number of children they have and the timing of their births. Developments in reproductive health have resulted in major changes in the options for family planning, providing more choice and control over fertility. This article explores reproductive health in the Republic of Cuba and the Republic of Ireland, with a focus on contraceptive use and termination of pregnancy as methods of family planning. The predominant religion in both countries is Catholicism, which promotes the right to life of the unborn child. The two countries have adopted different approaches to the availability of both contraception and termination of pregnancy. Cuba has offered free access to contraception and termination of pregnancy since the 1960s to reduce maternal mortality. In Ireland, contraception was not widely available until 1995 and termination of pregnancy is available only in extremely limited circumstances.

Religious and Spiritual Dimensions of the Vietnamese Dementia Caregiving Experience

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Hinton, Ladson; Tran, Jane NhaUyen; Tran, Cindy; Hinton, Devon

2010-01-01

This paper focuses on the role of religion and spirituality in dementia caregiving among Vietnamese refugee families. In-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with nine Vietnamese caregivers of persons with dementia, then tape-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed for emergent themes. Caregivers related their spirituality/religion to three aspects of caregiving: (1) their own suffering, (2) their motivations for providing care, and (3) their understanding of the nature of the illness. Key terms or idioms were used to articulate spiritual/religious dimensions of the caregivers’ experience, which included sacrifice, compassion, karma, blessings, grace and peace of mind. In their narratives, the caregivers often combined multiple strands of different religions and/or spiritualities: Animism, Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism and Catholicism. Case studies are presented to illustrate the relationship between religion/spirituality and the domains of caregiving. These findings have relevance for psychotherapeutic interventions with ethnically diverse populations. PMID:20930949

The law of the leading digits and the world religions

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Mir, T. A.

2012-02-01

Benford's law states that the occurrence of significant digits in many data sets is not uniform but tends to follow a logarithmic distribution such that the smaller digits appear as first significant digits more frequently than the larger ones. We investigate here numerical data on the country-wise adherent distribution of seven major world religions i.e. Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, Sikhism, Judaism and Baha'ism to see if the proportion of the leading digits occurring in the distribution conforms to Benford's law. We find that the adherent data of all the religions, except Christianity, excellently does conform to Benford's law. Furthermore, unlike the adherent data on Christianity, the significant digit distribution of the three major Christian denominations i.e. Catholicism, Protestantism and Orthodoxy obeys the law. Thus in spite of their complexity general laws can be established for the evolution of religious groups.

Late medieval catholicism and the impact of the Reformation in the Deanery of Derby, c.1520 to c.1570

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D'Arcy, Joan

1996-01-01

The question of the effects of the English Reformation is a matter of on-going and lively debate. This thesis hopes to illuminate this question in some small measure, by examining the deanery of Derby, an ecclesiastical unit within the diocese of Coventry and Lichfield. Although the focal point is the deanery, it is set within the wider context of sixteenth century England. Past research on the Reformation in Derbyshire has been brought together, reviewed and expanded through a study of Refor...

Um aspecto da diversidade cultural do caboclo amazônico: a religião

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Raymundo Heraldo Maués

2005-04-01

Full Text Available ESTE TRABALHO trata de um aspecto da diversidade cultural do caboclo amazônico, isto é, a religião. Esta se constitui numa espécie de catolicismo popular, que mantém relações com o xamanismo nativo - a pajelança cabocla -, e que se originou de antigas práticas e crenças dos índios Tupinambás, que habitaram parte da região amazônica no período colonial, bem como de influências portuguesas e africanas.HIS PAPER deals with a particular aspect of the Amazon caboclo's cultural diversity, namely, religion. Caboclo religion represents a form of folk Catholicism, witch is related to native shamanism - pajelança cabocla -, originating from practices and beliefs of the Tupinambá Indians, who inhabited part of the Amazon Region in colonial times, and cultural influences from Portuguese colonialists and African slaves.

"The priest obviously doesn't know that I'm gay": the religious and spiritual journeys of Latino gay men.

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García, Dalia I; Gray-Stanley, Jennifer; Ramirez-Valles, Jesus

2008-01-01

In the United States, most adults state that religion plays an important role in their lives and claim a religious affiliation. For gay, bisexual, and transgender persons (GBT), the story is unique because their sexual and gender identity is not accepted by most religions. The purpose of this article is to analyze the role of religiosity in the life course of Latino GBTs raised as Catholics. Data come from 66 life history interviews with Latino GBTs living in Chicago and San Francisco, who grew up as Catholics. We found a religious trajectory that mirrored participants' developmental stages. During childhood, religion was inculcated by the family, culture, and schools. In adolescence, many experienced a conflict between their religion and their GBT identity, and in adulthood, they reached a resolution. Most participants abandoned Catholicism to join other religions or spiritual groups that they perceived to be welcoming. We found participants engaging in a remedial ideological work to reconcile their religious values and their identity.

Barriers and facilitators of HIV prevention with heterosexual Latino couples: beliefs of four stakeholder groups.

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Pérez-Jiménez, David; Seal, David W; Serrano-García, Irma

2009-01-01

Although HIV prevention interventions for women are efficacious, long-term behavior change maintenance within power-imbalanced heterosexual relationships has been difficult. To explore the feasibility, content, and format of an HIV intervention for Latino couples, the authors conducted 13 focus groups with HIV/AIDS researchers, service providers, and heterosexual men and women in Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic, and Mexico. Reasons that participants thought that men should be involved in prevention efforts included promotion of shared responsibility, creation of a safe environment for open conversation about sex, and increased sexual negotiation skills. Perceived barriers to men's involvement included cultural taboos, sexual conservatism associated with Catholicism and machismo, and power-imbalanced relationships. Participants stressed the need for recruitment of men within naturally occurring settings or by influential community leaders. Participants indicated that couples-level interventions would be successful if they used strong coed facilitators, included both unigender and mixed-gender discussion opportunities, and addressed personally meaningful topics. Implications of these findings are discussed.

Alceu Amoroso Lima’s Spiritual Itinerary Desert and Faith’s Ecstasy

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Leandro Garcia Rodrigues

2015-04-01

Full Text Available This paper aims to show a little bit of Alceu Amoroso Lima’s (1893-1983 spiritual trajectory, the mainly catholic leadership in Brazil throughout XX century.  Amoroso Lima was a victim of the Agnosticism lived in the beginning of that century, exactly when he rediscovered religion as a source of life and turned into Catholicism.  All these changes happened during his strong friendship with two important intellectuals of that time: the writer Jackson de Figueiredo and the theologian Father Leonel Franca.  Amoroso Lima kept a non-stopping Correspondence with them, and then faced a kind of “spiritual battle” through six years, giving another significance to the Epistolography as a literary gender.  This research follows the “desertic paths” faced by Amoroso Lima up to his final meeting with God, the doubts and certainties, faults and lucky hits, specially in the peculiar difficulties of those who believe in God.Keywords: theology; literature; spirituality; conversion.

The Catholic Bishops in the U.S. Public Arena: Changing Prospects under Pope Francis

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Richard L. Wood

2016-02-01

Full Text Available The public profile of the Roman Catholic bishops of the United States results not simply from their own interventions in political life, but from the broad array of actions and actors within “public Catholicism” broadly conceived. This article assesses the contemporary profile of the American bishops from this broad angle, particularly in light of new dynamics under the papacy of Francis I. It does so by documenting public Catholicism’s presence in ecclesial institutions, other public institutions, and lay-centered social movements (particularly faith-based community organizing and via a case study of the healthcare reform debate around the State Children’s Health Insurance Program and the Affordable Care Act. Cultural and institutional factors shaping Catholic public presence are analyzed in three dimensions of social life: institutional leadership; authority dynamics within the Church; and the culture of prayer, spirituality, and worship in parishes. Finally, the conclusion discusses the key dynamics likely to shape the future of public Catholicism in America.

[Dynamics of the dialogue on bioethics in a Spain in transition].

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Abel, F

1990-01-01

The bioethics dialogue began in Spain in 1975 in private institutions and developed in a society in transition toward democracy. Nostalgia for a nationalist Catholicism by some and the fervor of others to demonstrate that a break with the past had taken place have been important factors in bioethics legislation. Imitation of legislation considered progressive prevailed in the debate taking place in the country's bioethics centers, although in the case of assisted reproduction a commission of experts was set up to advise the government. The public has not participated in the debates, despite their coverage by the communications media. The medical schools have attempted to reform the deontological codes as a basis for formulating, promoting, and protecting the values of a pluralistic society. Results have been minimal, but the work of the bioethics centers is gradually being recognized and evaluated, and it is hoped that this ongoing bioethical dialogue will gradually mature.

Reformation or Revolution? Herman Bavinck and Henri de Lubac on Nature and Grace

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Parker Gregory W.

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Henri de Lubac’s treatment of the relationship between nature and grace will be critiqued by Herman Bavinck’s ‘grace restores nature’ theme. In two significant addresses, Bavinck critiqued a Roman Catholic approach to nature and grace. De Lubac’s influence upon Roman Catholic thinking addressing nature and grace occurred post-Bavinck and has altered Catholic thinking on the subject. Neo-Calvinist scholar, Wolter Huttinga admits that Bavinck and de Lubac offer similar critiques of Roman Catholicism (Huttinga 2014. The question remains then, do Bavinck’s critiques still hold? I propose that Bavinck’s account of grace restores nature still makes valid critiques of a post-Vatican II construction of nature and grace. The paper is broken into three sections: (1 an exploration of de Lubac’s nature and grace theme, (2 the framework of Bavinck’s ‘grace restores nature’ theme, and (3 a Bavinckian critique of de Lubac’s nature and grace theme.

El hábito no hace al monje. Reflexiones histórico-semióticas sobre la ética sacerdotal tradicionalista

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Jhon Janer Vega Rincón

2016-01-01

Full Text Available The article reflects on the priestly ethos implementing a semiotic analysis of discourse and exploring in depth the Actas y Decretos del primer Concilio Provincial Neogranadino 1868, in its provisions concerning the life and honesty of the clergy, particularly as regards the external appearance the priest. It focuses on aspects such as the ecclesiastical tonsure and habit, examining the relationship between the sensible forms and their ideological content. To understand its historical sense analytical findings, interpretations proposes a line-length, in dialogue with the early days of Christianity, the provisions of the Council of Trent and suffered break the regime of visibility to the realization of Vatican II in the twentieth century. It raises thus the proposed traditionalist Catholicism, founded a clerical regime visual rhetoric in which the expressive elements are placed as symbols of transcendent values, thus expressing certain ethical model for the priest, where the external appearance plays a fundamental role.

Opportunities and costs of tourism for a new Humanism

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Bizzarri Carmen

2016-06-01

Full Text Available The first part of this paper describes the flow of tourism on a national and international scale, emphasizing the role that entertainment tourism and theme parks play globally. Following these preliminary remarks, the second part of the paper presents the positive and negative economic effects of leisure tourism opportunities at the European and regional level. The third part of the paper analyses the environmental aspects of tourism and entertainment tourism. It shows that sustainable tourism development can be an essential condition for the protection of natural and cultural resources. Finally, the fourth part summarizes some of the most important social issues arising from tourism activities, among them the conflict between residents and tourists on the exploitation of resources and the demonstration effect deriving from the consumption of resources. To avoid this spoliation and destruction of the destination (land and local community, the paper suggests a new Humanism based on Catholicism as a way to realize a sustainability utopia.

Niels Stensen: a 17th century scientist with a modern view of brain organization.

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Parent, André

2013-07-01

In 1665 the Danish scholar Niels Stensen (1638-1686) reached Paris, where he pronounced a discourse on brain anatomy that was to orient neuroscientists for years to come. In his lecture, Stensen rejected ancient speculations about animal spirits and criticized René Descartes and his followers who, despite a poor knowledge of brain anatomy, elaborated complex models to explain the multifaceted function of what he considered the principal organ of the human mind. He advocated the need for studying the brain through a comparative, developmental and pathological convergent approach and called for appropriate dissection methods and accurate illustrations. His own careful anatomical studies permitted him to precisely depict many brain structures. After pioneering works in paleontology and geology, he devoted himself to theology. In 1677 Stensen converted from Lutheranism to Catholicism and, while working relentlessly as a bishop and apostolic vicar in Northern Europe, he died in self-imposed poverty at age 48.

Barriers and Facilitators of HIV Prevention With Heterosexual Latino Couples: Beliefs of Four Stakeholder Groups

Science.gov (United States)

Pérez-Jiménez, David; Seal, David W.; Serrano-García, Irma

2012-01-01

Although HIV prevention interventions for women are efficacious, long-term behavior change maintenance within power-imbalanced heterosexual relationships has been difficult. To explore the feasibility, content, and format of an HIV intervention for Latino couples, the authors conducted 13 focus groups with HIV/AIDS researchers, service providers, and heterosexual men and women in Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic, and Mexico. Reasons that participants thought that men should be involved in prevention efforts included promotion of shared responsibility, creation of a safe environment for open conversation about sex, and increased sexual negotiation skills. Perceived barriers to men’s involvement included cultural taboos, sexual conservatism associated with Catholicism and machismo, and power-imbalanced relationships. Participants stressed the need for recruitment of men within naturally occurring settings or by influential community leaders. Participants indicated that couples-level interventions would be successful if they used strong coed facilitators, included both unigender and mixed-gender discussion opportunities, and addressed personally meaningful topics. Implications of these findings are discussed. PMID:19209976

Religious perspectives on umbilical cord blood banking.

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Jordens, Christopher F C; O'Connor, Michelle A C; Kerridge, Ian H; Stewart, Cameron; Cameron, Andrew; Keown, Damien; Lawrence, Rabbi Jeremy; McGarrity, Andrew; Sachedina, Abdulaziz; Tobin, Bernadette

2012-03-01

Umbilical cord blood is a valuable source of haematopoietic stem cells. There is little information about whether religious affiliations have any bearing on attitudes to and decisions about its collection, donation and storage. The authors provided information about umbilical cord blood banking to expert commentators from six major world religions (Catholicism, Anglicanism, Islam, Judaism, Hinduism and Buddhism) and asked them to address a specific set of questions in a commentary. The commentaries suggest there is considerable support for umbilical cord blood banking in these religions. Four commentaries provide moral grounds for favouring public donation over private storage. None attach any particular religious significance to the umbilical cord or to the blood within it, nor place restrictions on the ethnicity or religion of donors and recipients. Views on ownership of umbilical cord blood vary. The authors offer a series of general points for those who seek a better understanding of religious perspectives on umbilical cord blood banking.

'Andere katholieken': een nieuwe visie

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P. Luykx

2009-01-01

Full Text Available ‘Other Catholics’: A New VisionThe title of my response to De Rooy’s text sums up the crux of our discussion. Andere katholieken, a volume of essays published in the year 2000, offers ‘a new vision’ of the history of Dutch Catholicism in the twentieth century. Contrary to the prevailing idea of an unshakable unity and a closed front, recent studies demonstrate more and more clearly variation and differentiation in mentality and behaviour, above all under the influence of a progressive modernization of state and society. It is the so-called pillarization theory, in particular, which was put forward by a group of politicologists (notably A. Lijphart, that seems to influence the view of my opponent. According to that theory, passivity and docility of, among others, Catholic people is unjustly assumed. Last but not least, my response aims to correct some inaccuracies and clear up some misunderstandings in my opponent’s critique.

The reformasi of Ayu Utami; Attacking the monopoly of the great religions

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Karel Steenbrink

2015-07-01

Full Text Available In eight novels, Ayu Utami has presented critical attacks on doctrines and practices of the major religions in Indonesia. The two books, that describe the spiritual struggle of the Catholic priest Saman (1998–2002, call for a religion that is more active in the political arena, but leaves sexual rules to the individual people. The novel Bilangan Fu (2008 condemns the monopoly of the great religions in favour of local and individual spirituality. This is developed in a series of novels of which two more have already appeared. A third cycle of three more or less autobiographic novels (2003–2013 sketch her personal quest from atheism towards a critical but positive spirituality condemning a clerical and monopolist trend in Catholicism. Utami’s criticism of the great religions is external (more players in the field should be recognised and internal (religious leaders should have more modest claims towards their faithful and leave more space for personal choice.

The Art of Governing the Self and Others in the Christian Philippines

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Pak Nung Wong

2010-04-01

Full Text Available Through an ethnographic depiction of cultural creolization, this paper will detail the ways in which traditional Filipino values have been successfully mixing with and eventually lodging into the intersubjective landscape of Cagayan Valley, where the Chinese, Ibanag, Ilocano, and Itawes ethnic groups dwell. This cultural creolization process informs the ways in which the imagined social reciprocity between the self and others has been governed by a historically constituted power/knowledge system: the padrino system. This system is mainly composed of the symbiotic codes and social practices of (1 Catholicized ritual kinship and (2 the Tagalog ethics of “debt of gratitude” (utang na loób. In light of Foucault’s (1988 governmentality, the uncertain contact zone between the art of governing the self and the selves of others, I will detail the creative ways in which the padrino (power/knowledge system is used in the Philippine frontier life-world to build local communities, resolve conflicts, and restrain self-aggrandizement.

“Because words are not deeds.” Antisemitic Practice and Nationality Policies in Upper Hungary around 1900

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Miloslav Szabó

2012-07-01

Full Text Available The study deals with the processes of transformation within political antisemitism in Hungary around 1900. It mainly investigates the extent to which the crisis of Hungarian political antisemitism in the early 1890s fostered antisemitic practice, namely, the social and economic boycott of rural Jews in particular through the establishment of cooperatives and credit unions. It is to be assumed that antisemitic practice was not restricted to a strictly antisemitic milieu, but propagated and executed by diverse anti-liberal actors such as political Catholicism, the agrarian lobby and the Slovak nationalists. The study illuminates antisemitic practice in the multi-ethnic Kingdom of Hungary in the context of agrarian and nationality policies. In the rural parts of Upper Hungary this practise was accompanied by propaganda against “usury” as a way of legitimizing cooperatives and credit unions. The study will elaborate to what extent the Hungarian campaigns against the Jewish money-lenders united ethnically diverse, non-Jewish actors, such as Hungarian conservatives and Slovak nationalists.

Tendências católicas: perspectivas do cristianismo da libertação Catholic tendencies: perspectives of the freedom cristianism

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Flávio Munhoz Sofiati

2009-04-01

Full Text Available O texto analisa as diferentes vertentes da Igreja Católica no Brasil, apresentando-as a partir de teóricos da própria Igreja das ciências sociais. Em seguida, discute-se a tendência ligada à Teologia da Libertação, chamada de Cristianismo da Libertação. Afirma-se que o conceito de “Tendências Internas do Catolicismo” é mais apropriado para compreender os processos internos do catolicismo e que, atualmente, a Teologia da Libertação vem perdendo espaço no cenário religioso. Isso ocorre em virtude de questões internas – como o fortalecimento do movimento carismático – e externas – como o advento do neoliberalismo. Diante dessa situação, esse segmento assume uma nova postura de atuação, que tem como idéia central a construção de mudanças “de baixo para cima” e em longo prazo. Conclui-se que houve um recuo programático dessa tendência que passa a priorizar sua ação no interior da Igreja e a valorizar temas como espiritualidade, ecologia e cultura em detrimento da dimensão política. Palavras-chaves: Sociologia da Religião. Catolicismo. Tendências católicas. Teologia da libertação. The text analyzes different aspects of the Catholic Church in Brazil, presenting them through theories of the church, from social sciences. After that there is a discussion about the tendency connected to the Theory of Freedom, so called “Freedom Cristianism”. It is said that the concept of “Inner Theories of Catholicism” is more appropriate to understand the inner processes of the Catholicism and that, nowadays, the Freedom Theory has been loosing space inside the religious scenery. This occurs due to inner reasons – such as the growing strength of the charismatic movement – and also due to external reasons – as the ascending of Neoliberalism. With that, this segment gets to a new posture of action which has as central idea the“from down to up” changes, during long terms. After all, there is the

Religious characteristics of US women physicians.

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Frank, E; Dell, M L; Chopp, R

1999-12-01

Physicians' religious attributes are unknown, and may affect patient care. The Women Physicians' Health Study (WPHS) is a random sample (n = 4501 respondents, 59% response rate) of US women physicians aged 30-70; the first large, national study of US women physicians. In this study US women physicians were less likely to be Christian than were other Americans (61.2% of women physicians versus 85.1% of the general population), but were more likely to be Jewish (13.2% vs 2.0%), Buddhist (1.4% vs 0.3%), Hindu (3.9% vs 0.4%), or atheist/agnostic (5.9% vs 0.6%). Protestantism (29.3% of the population) and Catholicism (24.9%) were the most commonly reported religious identities. The strongest religious identity was claimed by Mormons and Seventh Day Adventists. Thus, women physicians' religious beliefs differ from those of the general population in the US. This may be particularly important for physicians practicing with patient populations with different religious affiliations, and in addressing clinical questions with ethical or religious dimensions.

Struggling to care: A discursive-material analysis of negotiating agency among HIV-positive MSM.

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Canoy, Nico A; Ofreneo, Mira Alexis P

2017-11-01

A discursive-materialist framework of agency asserts the mutual constitution of agency within cultural discursive, economic, and embodied material structures. Understanding how HIV-positive men who have sex with men in the Philippines negotiate agency vis-a-vis wider social structures, we utilized Foucault's care of the self to locate agency in relationships with the self, others, and the broader world. Using data from narratives of 20 Filipino HIV-positive men who have sex with men, we analyzed the negotiation of agency as HIV-positive as embedded in the unique discursive terrain of Roman Catholicism and the economic materiality of a developing country. Three main processes of negotiating agency are elaborated: (1) questioning the spiritual self and the sexual body in the relationship with the self, (2) navigating interpersonal limits to care giving in the relationship with others, and (3) reclaiming human dignity in health care in the relationship with the broader world. Theoretical insights on the discursive and material constitution of healing in light of discursive and material challenges are discussed.

Christian and biblical symbols in modern movies exemplified by “Babette’s Feast” (1987, “The Return” (2003 and “The Island” (2006

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Christensen Carsten Sander

2018-04-01

Full Text Available The article deals with Christian and biblical symbols and values in modern movies. In the last decades, a wave of new movies with Christian and biblical symbols has washed over the international film industry. That despites of the very fact that state religions in as well West, as East Europe is under pressure by modern society, its values and changing culture. Nevertheless, Christian symbols, values and moral teachings are far from forgotten. On the contrary, biblical themes, which in the recent decades have been clarified and ridiculed by as well experts as of non-professionals, now play a very important role in the construction of the structure of modern movies. The theological-aesthetical analysis of the three movies: “Babette’s Feast” by the Danish film director Gabriel Axel, “The Return” by Andrey Zvyagintsev, “The Island” by Pavel Lungin, will not only show the reader different aspects of the importance of Christian and biblical symbols and values in modern movies, but also demonstrates the difference between Protestantism, Catholicism and the Eastern Orthodox Church.

The Construction of the Francoist Imaginary and the “Popular” Religiosity, 1931-1945 | La construcción de los imaginarios franquistas y la religiosidad “popular”, 1931-1945

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César Rina Simón

2015-12-01

Full Text Available The festivities associated with “popular” religiosity play an important role through the representation of symbols, discourses, and social identities that were used by de the different ideological factions to their own convenience. National Catholicism used these rituals and religious contexts to legitimize the dictatorship in accordance with divine principles. Francoist imaginary focuses on appropriating and redefining the symbols associated with “popular” religiosity, from a purifying ecclesiastical perspective or fascist rhetoric. | Las celebraciones vinculadas a la religiosidad “popular”, como manifestaciones de fuerte arraigo en la comunidad, desempeñan una relevante función en la articulación de símbolos, discursos e identidades sociales, susceptibles de presentar diferentes lecturas ideológicas. El nacionalcatolicismo se valió de este conjunto de rituales y creencias para legitimar la dictadura en principios supraterrenales. Los imaginarios franquistas pugnaron por la apropiación y resignificación de los símbolos relacionados con la religiosidad “popular”, bien desde una perspectiva eclesiástica purificadora o bien desde una praxis fascista.

O crescimento da libertade religiosa e o declínio da religião tradicional: A propósito do censo 2010

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Antônio Flávio Pierucci

2015-06-01

Full Text Available The article – based on the data of the 2010 census, gathered and interpreted by Flavio Pierucci – deals with the fight to conqueer the followers’ souls in the Brazilian metropolises. The different religions – the Catholic church, the Protestan churces, the cults of African origins, are harsh competitors and every means is allowed to get the conversion. The most relevant datum of the religious scenery – which is extremely dynamic and lively – is the decline of Catholicism, nothwistanding a number of 123 millions declared Catholics in a population of 190 millions. The religious freedom is accompanied by the “secularization”, and consequently the separation between the State and the Church. The disestablishment is the core of the Brazilian religious modernity. The secularization of the state juridical asset is associated with an extraordinary socio-cultural vitality, and, because of the large number of religious operators, missionaries of the new churches, prophets, gurus and magicians, it is extremely difficult to say whether thee Brazialian population is more or less religious now than a century ago.

Influences of culture on sexuality.

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Hogan, R M

1982-09-01

Religion is a cultured phenomenon, a subculture within our larger cultural system. Different religions have different teachings about what constitutes sexual morality, while members within a specific religious denomination may also have different beliefs and practices. Religiosity, or acceptance of the teachings of a particular religion, is more important as a determinant of sexual behavior than a specific religion per se. Orthodox Judaism, traditional Catholicism and traditional Protestantism are alike in their condemnation of masturbation, abortion, homosexuality, and premarital and extramarital coitus. More liberal members of these religions may not tolerate these activities, but may espouse them as necessary means to maintain or attain health. Nurses assess the beliefs that clients hold in regard to sexual morality and also identify if the client is experiencing guilt about past sexual practices. Interventions are planned with the client within the framework of the client's religious and spiritual beliefs and practices. To do otherwise is to invite distrust and distress in the client. Nurses intervene with sensitivity, compassion, and respect for beliefs and values that may be different from their own.

Religião e patriotismo: o anticomunismo católico nos Estados Unidos e no Brasil nos anos da Guerra Fria

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Carla Simone Rodeghero

2002-01-01

Full Text Available O artigo analisa e compara o anticomunismo católico no Brasil e nos Estados Unidos no período da Guerra Fria. Depois de situar o campo de estudos constituído no Brasil sobre o tema, discute as relações entre americanismo e anticomunismo, procurando situar o catolicismo norte-americano neste meio. Utiliza-se de uma produção recente sobre cultura da Guerra Fria nos Estados Unidos. Levanta, finalmente, uma série de elementos de comparação sobre a forma que o anticomunismo católico assumiu nos dois países.This article analyses and compares the Catholic anticommunism in the Brazil and in United States during the Cold War years. After showing the recent studies produced in Brazil about the fight against communism, it discusses the relationship between Americanism, anticommunism and Catholicism. This step is based on recent historical research about the Cold War culture in the United States. Finally, it makes comparisons between the forms that anticommunism assumed in each country.

LGBT movement's legal strategies and the christian social movement reaction in Colombia

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Lina Malagón Penen

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Since 2005 several organizations of the Colombian LGBT movement have been implementing a constitutional impact litigation strategy in order to obtain legal equality. The objective of this paper is to show how the case law from the Constitutional Court, in response to this activity, has on the one hand invigorated public participation in the debate about homosexual couples’ rights but, on the other hand, produced a democratic deficit. In particular, the paper discusses the strengthening of a religious countermovement willing to use human rights law to defend the status quo. The road to democratization was clouded by intransigent and fundamentalist Catholicism taking over one of the most important authorities of the State, the Office of the Inspector General of Colombia (Procuraduría General de la Nación. This situation has resulted in a powerful public authority committing its resources to the goal of avoiding recognition and protection of homosexual couples rights, despite the fact that its mandate is to defend people's fundamental rights and to punish offenses committed by public officers.

In search of the Holy Presence of the Blessed Mary in Tolkien’s Middle-earth

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Farid Mohammadi

2013-05-01

Full Text Available The presence of the Catholic framework in J.R.R. Tolkien’s legendarium has long been the subject of debate. Various Tolkien scholars and literary critics have already written different critical interpretations to consider whether to assign The Lord of the Rings and The Silmarillion to Christian Mythology or not; numerous attempts have been made to clarify this statement. Therefore, the reasons, why it should be included in this category are many and various. There are several examples in Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings that can be studied in relation to Christian themes and motives. Consequently, the aims of this paper are to study the possible similarities of Varda, Queen of the Stars, and Galadriel, the Lady of Light, to the Blessed Virgin Mary in Christian contexts. Moreover, to study the influence of Tolkien’s strong faith, which shaped his Catholic imagination, all through his legendarium, and subsequently leads us to observe Tolkien’s complete obedience to Catholicism, and especially, his profound devotion to the Blessed Virgin Mary.

Religious Belonging, Religious Agency, and Women’s Autonomy in Mozambique

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Agadjanian, Victor; Yabiku, Scott T.

2016-01-01

Women’s autonomy has frequently been linked with women’s opportunities and investments, such as education, employment, and reproductive control. The association between women’s autonomy and religion in the developing world, however, has received less attention, and the few existing studies make comparisons across major religious traditions. In this study, we focus on variations in levels of female decision-making autonomy within a single religious tradition—Christianity. Using unique survey data from a predominantly Christian area in Mozambique, we devise an autonomy scale and apply it to compare women affiliated to different Christian denominations as well as unaffiliated women. In addition to affiliation, we examine the relationship between autonomy and women’s religious agency both within and outside their churches. Multivariate analyses show that women belonging to more liberal religious traditions (such as Catholicism and mainline Protestantism) and tend to have higher autonomy levels, regardless of other factors. These results are situated within the cross-national scholarship on religion and women’s empowerment and are interpreted in the context of gendered religious dynamics in Mozambique and similar developing settings. PMID:26973353

The coexistence of Swabians and Hungarians in a village in near Budapest

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Barbara Sólyom

2014-12-01

Full Text Available The study takes the contact hypothesis of social psychology as its starting point and examines a Swabian-Hungarian ethnic village as an example.The contact hypothesis suggests that contact or interaction between members of different groups under the right circumstances diminishes prejudice and hostility between those groups and mitigates stereotyping and discrimination. However, for this effect to occur, certain conditions must be met: the parties should be of equal status, have a common goal, cooperate, receive the support of authorities and maintain a personal relationship, since this is the only way long- term success can be achieved. Pursuit of mutual assimilation, physical proximity and time can also help people to accept each other and adopt coexistence. These conditions have been met in the case of the Swabian and Hungarian ethnic groups living in the village of Dunabogdány. Social and political processes, Catholicism and the fact that the German language has been added to the local school curriculum have also contributed to the successful outcome.

The new totalitarian society

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Vlajki Emil

2011-01-01

Full Text Available The new totalitarian society is a euphemized expression denoting the New World Order, which in itself denotes the American globalization. The underpinning of this mindset is rationality, which is characteristic of Western civilization. Christianity engendered rationality by introducing it through St. Thomas Aquinas, Aristotle, and especially formal logic. Since it is obvious that religion and logic cannot ultimately be harmonized, this combination has proven lethal in many cases throughout history. For instance, the Inquisition, which, contrary to what happened at scholastic universities, severely berated rational thinking in practice. Catholicism helped carry out genocide against the Jews, and Orthodoxy is in a certain manner tied in with Stalinism. The new totalitarian society is anchored in American Protestantism. On the whole, Christian rationalism is a sphere of science, techniques and technologies efficiently employed to promote the West to the status of a society of plenty and the conception of human rights, which turn into their opposite and irrational behavior of the worst kind. An example of such inhumanity is the attack against Yugoslavia/Serbia in 1999.

Autopsies of the real: Resurrecting the dead

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Valis, Noël

2011-12-01

Full Text Available The sense of the real, or the material—the dead body—as an inextricable part of the sacred does not disappear in the secular environment of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. This article analyzes specific humanitarian narratives centered on the practice of autopsy and mummification, in which the traces of Catholicism act as a kind of spectral discourse of the imagination, where the real is configured in forms of the uncanny, the monstrous or the sacred.

El sentido de lo real, de lo material —el cuerpo sin vida— como una inextricable parte de lo sagrado, no desaparece del ambiente secular de los siglos XIX y XX. En los relatos analizados en este artículo se estudia cómo en determinadas narrativas humanitarias centradas en la práctica de la autopsia y la momificación, las huellas del catolicismo actúan como una suerte de discurso espectral de la imaginación, en que lo real se configura en formas de lo siniestro, lo monstruoso o lo sagrado.

Punishing the sea wolf: corsairs and cannibals in the early modern Caribbean

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Kris Lane

2003-07-01

Full Text Available Looks at how Western law was interpreted and applied to perceived cannibals and corsairs in the Spanish Caribbean in the 16th and 17th c., by Spanish jurists in the period, and at the development of the cannibal and corsair image in Spanish culture. Author outlines the convergence of terms suggesting a growing semantic linkage between certain indigenous peoples, specially the famed "Carib cannibals", and foreign, mostly Western European, corsairs poaching on Spanish wealth. He describes how of the Caribs, said to be cannibals, involved in piracy, an image was constructed of not only cannibals, but also greedy criminals, or rebelers against Catholicism, in order to (legally justify punishments or wars against them, and thus Spanish rule. He then discusses how of French, British, and other corsairs in the Caribbean involved in piracy against the Spanish, an in some ways similar image was painted of fanatical canine types ruled by appetites, and also of anti-Catholic heretics and criminals, in order to justify punishments as well as the Spanish claim on rule of the Caribbean.

O cywilizacyjny awans Polski Roman Dmowski wobec idei modernizacji Polski 1918–1939

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Wojciech Kapica

2014-07-01

Full Text Available For a civilizational development of Poland.  Roman Dmowski in the face of the idea of modernization of Poland 1918–1939The Roman Dmowski’s propositions of modernization of interwar Poland (1918–1939 can not be considered in terms of theories of modernization created after 1945 as a coherent, logic systems. For Dmowski the modern (modernized Poland would be a „efficient” state with capitalist economy, free market and the respect for private property, with reduced social legislation, with developed industry and agriculture, with a strong middle class, with restricted bureaucratic machine; a national state with restricting the rights of national minorities, with low number of Jews, with the limiting the powers of the legislature and a strong executive, with association polishness with catholicism and strong emphasis on the presence of catholic religion in social life. Some ideas of Dmowski were not bad (e.g. save money and reduction of excessively developed bureaucratic machine, the development of industry and agriculture, the fight against speculation, however, the proposals were often too vague or unclear or were remarkably oriented to the free market and for this reason had no chance of implementation and popularity in the atmosphere of the 20s and 30s in interwar Poland (e.g. proposal of reduction excessively developed social legislation, some of proposals were expressly anti-Semitic. Similarly, in the area of the Polish political system and political life Dmowski offered „positive” solutions (recovery and moralisation of Polish political life, raising the niveau of political culture of the Polish political elites and Polish society, strengthening of executive power and „negative” proposals (association polishness with catholicism and his instrumental use, desire to make Poland a national state, desire to move away from the rule of parliamentary, postulate of removing the excess of the Jewish population in Poland. The least

A European Culture War in the Twentieth Century? Antic-Catholicism and Anti-Bolshevism between Moscow, Berlin, and the Vatican 1922 to 1933

OpenAIRE

Weir, Todd

2015-01-01

The term “culture war” has become a generic expression for secular-catholic conflicts across nineteenth-century Europe. Yet, if measured by acts of violence, anticlericalism peaked in the years between 1927 and 1939, when thousands of Catholic priests and believers were imprisoned or executed and hundreds of churches razed in Mexico, Spain and Russia. This essay argues that not only in these three countries, but indeed across Europe a culture war raged in the interwar period. It takes, as a c...

God and the Welfare State - Substitutes or Complements? An Experimental Test of the Effect of Belief in God's Control.

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Gilad Be'ery

Full Text Available Belief in God's control of the world is common to many of the world's religions, but there are conflicting predictions regarding its role in shaping attitudes toward the welfare state. While the devout are expected to support pro-social values like helping others, and thus might be supportive of the welfare state, the possibility of taking action is undermined by the belief in God's absolute control over world affairs and in a morally perfect providence, who is responsible for the fates of individuals. As the literature provides mixed results on this question, this study examines the role of belief in God's control on welfare attitudes using three priming experiments and two priming tasks, carried out with a design that is both cross-cultural (US vs. Israel and cross-religious tradition (Judaism vs. Catholicism. We find evidence that, largely, belief in God's control increases support for income redistribution among Israeli Jews (study 1, American Jews (study 2, and American Catholics (study 3. The findings suggest that the traditional and common political gap between the economic left and the religious, based on the evaluation that religious beliefs lead to conservative economic preferences, may be overstated.

»According to Common Sense«: Gender, Nationality and Class in Cooking Show Ljubezen skozi želodec

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Kristina Meršak

2014-03-01

Full Text Available »Ljubezen skozi želodec« is the first Slovenian lifestyle cooking show hosted by spouses, publishers and foodies Valentina Smej Novak and Luka Novak. The aim of the article is to determine what gender, class and national representations are reproduced by the show. The analysis of four seasons of the cooking show demonstrates that, in regard to social class and gender, »Ljubezen skozi želodec« can be compared to similar shows abroad, such as those hosted by Jamie Oliver and Nigella. Masculinity and femininity are constructed through traditional roles where the ideology of family and care for the children is vital. All this corresponds to the Slovenian socio-cultural environment characterized by Catholicism. Class identities are the reflection of Bourdieu’s taste of luxury and a contemporary omnivorous taste of an environmentally conscious consumer. As for the national angle, the Central-European and partially also the French and Italian identity are stressed rather than the Slovenian one, which puts Slovenia on the socio-cultural map of the Central Europe and at the same time negates the culinary influence of the former Yugoslav republics.

Religious aspects of assisted reproduction

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Sallam, H N; Sallam, N H

2016-03-28

Human response to new developments regarding birth, death, marriage and divorce is largely shaped by religious beliefs. When assisted reproduction was introduced into medical practice in the last quarter of the twentieth century, it was fiercely attacked by some religious groups and highly welcomed by others. Today, assisted reproduction is accepted in nearly all its forms by Judaism, Hinduism and Buddhism, although most Orthodox Jews refuse third party involvement. On the contrary assisted reproduction is totally unacceptable to Roman Catholicism, while Protestants, Anglicans, Coptic Christians and Sunni Muslims accept most of its forms, which do not involve gamete or embryo donation. Orthodox Christians are less strict than Catholic Christians but still refuse third party involvement. Interestingly, in contrast to Sunni Islam, Shi'a Islam accepts gamete donation and has made provisions to institutionalize it. Chinese culture is strongly influenced by Confucianism, which accepts all forms of assisted reproduction that do not involve third parties. Other communities follow the law of the land, which is usually dictated by the religious group(s) that make(s) the majority of that specific community. The debate will certainly continue as long as new developments arise in the ever-evolving field of assisted reproduction.

El contexto de recepción de Grocio a mediados del siglo XVII en la Monarquía Hispana

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Julián Viejo Yharrassarry

1998-01-01

Full Text Available En el presente artículo pretendemos llamar la atención sobre la particular visión del mundo que dominaba en el interior de la Monarquía Católica. Una cosmovisión que fundada en la ausencia de política y la presencia de religión imponía las condiciones para una peculiar recepción de autores como Grocio que se debatían entre su más inicial rechazo como «hereje» y la aceptación y uso de alguna de sus obras en el entendimiento final de que acabó por convertirse al catolicismo. In this papaer I suggest an interpretation about the peculiar worid view inside the Catholic Monarchy.Based on the absence of politics and the presence of religión, the catholic worId view imposed the conditions under wich authors like. Grotius were received in the Spanish Monarchy. Those conditions veried between the more radical rejection as «heretic», and the acceptance of some of his works from the understanding that Grotius was finally converted to Catholicism.

Uma Estranha Diáspora Rumo a Portugal: Judeus e Cristãos-Novos Reduzidos à Fé Católica no século XVII

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Braga, Isabel M. R. Mendes Drumond

2002-12-01

Full Text Available The present paper deals with a number of Jewish and new Christian people, descendants of Peninsular Jews, who arrived in Portugal in the 16^th century and consequently converted to Catholicism. The source material used in this study are the Books of Converted Jews that belonged to the Holy Office of Inquisition. These books provide information on the nature of the people (age, status, birthplace, place of residence, the way they experienced their religion in different parts of Europe, and the true or apparently true reasons for their conversion.

Este artículo aborda el tema de algunos judíos y cristianos nuevos descendientes de judíos peninsulares que, en el siglo XVII, llegaron a Portugal y se convirtieron al catolicismo. Las fuentes para este estudio son los libros de convertidos del Santo Oficio de la Inquisición. Éstos nos proporcionan datos acerca de las personas (edad, estado civil, lugar de nacimiento y de residencia y, especialmente, sobre la vivencia del judaísmo en diferentes partes de Europa, así como sobre las motivaciones, reales o aparentes, para la conversión.

J. F. Powers and Betty Wahl: Irish Americans and Returning Yanks

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John L. Murphy

2013-03-01

Full Text Available The limited critical attention given J.F. Powers (1917-99 has concentrated on his engagement with Catholicism. Powers also applies Irish American motifs to his fiction. This article analyzes the depiction that Powers and his wife Betty Wahl (1924-88, who left postwar America to live on and off in Ireland, made of the Irish in both their homeland and in America. Powers only once directly addressed his own experience as a sporadic Irish resident, in the final story, “Tinkers,” anthologized in his third and last collection in 1975. Wahl’s writing career proved limited. Her only novel, Rafferty and Co. (1969, semi-fictionalizes the Powers family’s decision to move to Ireland, for a series of extended stays in the 1950s and early 1960s. This article examines these writers’ dramatization of postwar Ireland as expatriate Americans. Powers’ story and Wahl’s novel depict the stresses of living in suburbs south of Dublin while struggling to sustain a countercultural yet conservative idealism. That combination drove the family away from the Midwest, in both fiction and fact, to settle in an economically destitute and patriotically insecure Ireland.

The Architect, the Planner and the Bishop: the Shapers of ‘Ordinary’ Dublin, 1940–60

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Ellen Rowley

2015-12-01

Full Text Available From the 1930s through the 1960s, Dublin’s development occurred at its periphery: wheels of narrow roadways punctuated by green spaces provided the low-density frameworks for terraced residential boxes surmounted by pitched roofs and fronted by pocket gardens. Vast structures of ecclesiastic authority, Catholic (determinedly revivalist church building and the suite of Catholic (tentatively modernist schools were presented as support structures for mass housing, thereby completing the image and experience of Dublin’s new mid-twentieth-century suburbs.Taking the 1950s genesis of one vast north Dublin neighbourhood, Raheny/Coolock, as a case study, this paper sets previously unexamined archive material from the local Catholic bishopric and Dublin Corporation alongside critical thinking about Irish Catholicism and postwar suburbia generally. Startling hand-drawn maps by local priests reveal how John Charles McQuaid, archbishop of Dublin from 1940–71, influenced Dublin’s planning processes and controlled the architectural flavour of swathes of developing parishes. This paper seeks to unpick the variously silent and active roles of the architect, the planning office, the patron and the user, in the making of the more recent, everyday built environment that is Irish suburbia.

Violencia simbólica y educación: el aula de enseñanza primaria en el nacionalismo a través del museísmo pedagógico. S ymbolic violence and education: the primary teaching class in nacionalcatolicismo through pedagogical museism

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José Ángel Ayllón gómez

2016-12-01

Full Text Available (ES Los museos pedagógicos y la reconstrucción de la cultura escolar en el aula han supuesto un gran avance para investigadores de diversas áreas a lo largo de los últimos tiempos. El presente estudio trata de determinar si a través de dichos espacios escolares y curriculares, y de la metódica distri-bución de los objetos dentro del aula, se ejercía una violencia simbólica y adoctrinadora por parte del Régimen de Franco a los alumnos de la enseñanza primaria durante la etapa de mayor auge del nacionalcatolicismo en nuestro país. (EN The pedagogical museums and the reconstruction of the school culture in the classroom have meant a great advance for researchers of diverse areas in recent times. The present study tries to determine if through these school and curricular spaces, and of the methodical distribution of the objects within the classroom, a symbolic and indoctrinating violence was exerted by the Franco´s regime to the pupils of the primary education during the stage of greater national-Catholicism boom in our country.

From rectilinear road to the cross: the opening of strada Maqueda in Palermo

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Maurizio Vesco

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Strada Maqueda has until the present day been subjected almost exclusively to critical interpretations, which have correctly highlighted its symbolic value, especially with reference to the showing-off of the cross. This is an expression of an increasingly orthodox and extremist Catholicism on an unprecedented urban scale. Little has been said, on the other hand, about issues related to the actual construction of this urban space, to all the gutting that was necessary related to the opening of the building site in the dense, compact area of one of the most important Mediterranean capitals, of a road which is one and a half kilometres long and more than 11 metres wide; in the year 1600, this rectilinear road was an extremely complex urban intervention on the European scene. This research, with the aid of new archival documentation, aims to focus on the protagonists of this architectural achievement, on the progressive steps taken, the timing and organization of the construction site, as well as the  tools and techniques used to plan the urban space in order to properly lay out the new road through the medieval neighbourhoods. Keywords: Sicily, Palermo, strada Maqueda, city planning, XVIIth century

Does the end justify the means? Blessed Bishop Hryhoriy Khomyshyn about Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytsky’s proceedings in the religious and national fields

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Osadczy Włodzimierz

2017-12-01

Full Text Available In the first half of the 20th century the Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytsky and the Blessed Bishop Hryhoriy Khomyshyn represented two ways of the development of the Uniate Church in Galicia, and later in Western Lesser Poland. The Metropolitan Archbishop from Lvov was obsessed with the idea to impose Catholicism in Russia. To achieve this he was ready to take the most desperate steps – to merge the Uniate tradition with the Orthodox tradition, to reconcile with different political forces, which was recorded in his letter to the Tsar Nicholas II of Russia, Hitler, and Stalin. In order to get more support from the Ukrainian people, he completely ignored the spread of outrageous nationalism. Such position was strongly criticized by Hryhoriy Khomyshyn, the Bishop of Stanyslaviv, whose main purpose was to preserve the original Uniate rituals reflecting the integral unity with the Western Latin civilization. Being devoted to his beliefs, Greek Catholic Archbishop mercilessly condemned nationalism and de-Christian social life of the Ukrainian Uniate community. Those problems are the focus of attention of the book “Two Kingdoms” by Bishop Hryhoriy Khomyshyn, published in Ukrainian in 2016, translated into Polish in 2017.

The spread of Neo-Pentecostalism in Brazilian football: socio-anthropological analysis of the relationship between religion, football and public space in Brazil

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Claude Petrognani

2015-10-01

Full Text Available This text deals with the relationship between religion, football and public space in Brazil. Specifically, it is about a certain aspect of the Brazilian religious field, i.e. the evangelical field, and particularly the Neo-Pentecostal one and its appearance and spread in sports, mainly football. By using data taken from doctoral research, it will be possible to demonstrate, without claiming to be exhaustive, that there is a spread of evangelicalism in football which is making this religious movement grow out of the status of a «peripheral or marginal religion for Brazilians» (Carvalho, 1999, p. 3, and turning it into a «dominant» religion almost as important as Catholicism, with regard to the world of football. Moreover, this text will try to show that, with reference to the group called Athletes of Christ, the interest in evangelicalism in the field of sports is not a recent phenomenon but it traces its origins to the heritage of Muscular Christianity, which dates back to the Victorian Age (1837-1901. Finally, this text aims to stimulate reflection on a fundamental contemporary theme, i.e. the phenomenon of religion in public space.

Religiosidad popular y heterodoxia en los Andes: El caso del «niño compadrito»

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Fernández Juárez, Gerardo

1998-06-01

Full Text Available There are cults in Andean societies that are alien to the Catholic orthodoxy, yet assimilated as popular manifestations of Catholicism under the tutelage of the Church. The case of "Niño compadrito", venerated in Tambo del Montero, near Plaza de Armas in Cuzco, Perú, illustrates the personality and attributes with which devotees endow holy images in the country. This cult has the characteristic features of the indigenous and Mestizo context in Cuzco to which it belongs.Las sociedades andinas presentan formas de culto peculiares que no encajan con la ortodoxia católica, a pesar de ser tutelarmente asimiladas por aquella como manifestaciones populares de catolicismo. El caso del "niño compadrito", figura venerada en la zona de Tambo del Montero, cerca de la Plaza de Armas del Cuzco (Perú, es un ejemplo más de la personalidad y atribuciones que a las imágenes sagradas otorgan sus devotos. El "niño compadrito" esgrime cualidades propias del dominio mestizo e indígena en que se contextualiza su culto en la ciudad de Cuzco.

Reproductive rights in Poland: when politicians fear the wrath of the Church.

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Heinen, Jacqueline; Portet, Stéphane

2010-01-01

The historical prestige of the Polish Catholic Church is the result of its presence as a national symbol of resistance, both under foreign occupation and during the communist regime. In the post-communist era the power of the Church within the political arena has significantly increased, through the Concordat that was signed with the state as well as through formal and informal ties with political parties. Catholicism is the de facto religion of the state, even if Poland remains a nominally secular country. This was illustrated by the adoption, in 1993, of a total abortion ban. Although the relation of Poles to the Catholic dogma on sexuality and reproductive rights tends to be weak, fearing criticism from Church authorities, most politicians avoid controversial topics and express their commitment to Catholic dogma. Thus women's groups have encountered serious difficulties in their efforts to defend women's rights to sexual and reproductive autonomy. Although accession to the European Union has put Poland in an awkward position with respect to equality of rights between women and men, it has not fundamentally altered the real situation with respect to the controversial topic of abortion.

Georges Bataille and the Transgression of Taboos by Stephan Dedalus

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Shataw Naseri

2014-07-01

Full Text Available James Joyce's A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is not a pornographic novel like Georges Bataille' Story of the Eye; however, the present study attempts to trace Bataille's heterological notions in A Portrait. This paper attempts to see whether or not Stephan Dedalus as the main character of Joyce's literary work, has the potential to carry Batatille's heterogeneous elements which shatter any religious, linguistic, economic and political system. In order to reach this goal, the paper first attempts to establish the powerful dominance of the Catholic discourse, one of the strictest religious systems in the world, over Ireland which is the main setting of A Portrait. In the next part it will trace the authoritarian shadow of Catholicism and its impression upon Stephen Dedalus. Here, the principal aim is to indicate the significance of Stephen's transgressive acts in the novel and to see whether these transgressions have Bataillean nature as they shatter a very strict religious structure. Afterward, Stephen's transgressions as well as the implicit reaction of the religious system toward these transgressions will be investigated regarding Georges Bataille's heterogeneous notions.

The Interstitial Status of Irish Gayness in Colm Tóibín’s The Blackwater Lightship and The Master

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José M. Yebra

2014-03-01

Full Text Available This paper explores the liminal status of Irish gayness in the aftermath of its decriminalization in 1993. Colm Tóibín’s The Blackwater Lightship (1999 tries to reconcile Irish Catholicism and traditional family with new models of Irishness. Declan, the protagonist of the novel, goes back home when he is about to die of AIDS. His return reveals a dysfunctional family which only his disease brings together. His grandmother, mother and sister mourn Declan’s corpse-like body. Making reference to Julia Kristeva’s concepts of “abjection” and “the chora” (1982, 1984, I contend that the hero’s disease is a necessary sacrifice for the family and Ireland as a whole to resurface. The second part of the paper addresses Tóibín’s The Master (2004, whose fictional Henry James counterbalances Declan’s overt homosexuality and AIDS-related death. The Master delves into James’s hybridity as a closeted American of Irish descent opposed to Oscar Wilde’s flamboyant gay Irishness. The restraint of the former and the traumatic downfall of the latter make up the late-Victorian framework through which Declan’s late-twentieth-century sacrifice becomes meaningful.

Cultural change, hybridity and male homosexuality in Mexico.

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Carrillo, H

1999-01-01

This paper analyzes how contemporary perceptions of male homosexuality are being shaped in Mexico. Ethnographic analysis included four short case studies from 64 mostly middle class individuals for two years in Guadalajara City. Mexican sexual culture is often portrayed traditionally as grounded in values inherent in machismo and influenced by Catholicism. There is a contrast between these traditional interpretations of roles and sexual identities in Mexico and the identities that are being adopted by many contemporary Mexican homosexual men. The homosexual men were categorizable in terms of 1) those who dominated in the sexual relationship and who were capable of maintaining a nonstigmatized identity as regular men, 2) those who assumed a feminine role and were penetrated and who were stigmatized for their effeminate demeanor, and 3) a minority of men who assumed both roles and who were termed "anally active and passive". The study revealed that middle-class homosexuals established networks in which individuals, supported by their friends, acquired the strength to effect personal changes along with other larger cultural changes. Thus, individual actions are beginning to have a collective effect on the society at large.

A festiva devoção no Círio de Nossa Senhora de Nazaré

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Isidoro Alves

2005-08-01

Full Text Available NESTE artigo analisa-se o Círio e a Festa de Nossa Senhora de Nazaré como um grande rito coletivo que conjuga aspectos formais e devocionais com a informalidade profana da Festa brasileira. Expressão do catolicismo popular, festividade típica do Estado do Pará, o Círio de Nazaré e os festejos que lhes são próprios englobam elementos nativos que configuram a expressão de uma identidade regional, uma temporalidade particular e uma percepção da ordem e as diferentes formas de contrastá-la.This article analyzes the Círio [candle-lit procession] and the Feast of Our Lady of Nazaré as a great collective rite that combines formal and devotional aspects with the profane informality of a Brazilian festival. As a grass roots manifestation of Catholicism and a typical celebration of the state of Pará, the Círio of Nazaré and attending festivities embrace native elements to express a regional identity, a particular temporality, and a perception of order and differing ways to contrast it.

Bedouelle G. The reform of Catholicism, 1480-1620 / J. K. Farge, Trans. , Ann. Toronto: pontifi cal Institute of medieval studies, 2008. 172 p

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Мякшин, Василий

2009-01-01

Имя профессора Ги Бедуелла известного церковного историка, ректора Западного католического университета (Universite Catholique de l'Ouest) в Анжере (Франция) знакомо русскоязычному читателю прежде всего по вышедшей в 1996 г. на русском языке великолепной книге "История Церкви", посвященной идеологии западной церковной истории. Новая же книга автора охватывает более узкий период истории западного христианства и посвящена историко-богословскому осмыслению католической реформы позднего Средневек...

Review of IPPOLITO DESIDERIS; & A JESUIT'S QUEST FOR THE SOUL OF TIBET

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Enrico Beltramini

2018-05-01

Full Text Available Trent Pomplun. 2010. Jesuit on the Roof of the World: Ippolito Desideri's Mission to Tibet. New York: Oxford University Press, xvi + 302 pages, ISBN 978-0-19-537786-6 (hardback 29.95USD. Michael J. Sweet (trans and Leonard Zwilling (ed. 2010. Mission to Tibet: The Extraordinary Eighteenth-Century Account of Father Ippolito Desideri, S. J. Boston: Wisdom Publications, xxiv + 797 pages, ISBN 978-086171-676-0 (paperback 34.95USD. Donald S. Lopez Jr. and Thupten Jinpa. 2017. Dispelling the Darkness: A Jesuit's Quest for the Soul of Tibet. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 320 pages, ISBN 978-0-674-65970-4 (hardback 29.95USD. These three contributions address the fascinating life and major works of Ippolito Desideri (1684-1733, an Italian Jesuit missionary who spent almost seven years in Tibet in the eighteenth century. There are two good stories here. The first is that of Desideri, who left Italy to establish a Jesuit mission on "the roof of the world" during the political upheaval of early eighteenth-century Tibet and the conflict between Jesuits and Capuchins within Roman Catholicism. The second is that of Desideri's writings, in both Italian and Tibetan: Notizie istoriche del Thibet e Memorie de' viaggi e Missione ivi fatta [Historical Notes on Tibet and Memoirs of the Journeys and Missions Made There]; Mgo skar gyi bla ma i po li do zhes bya ba yis phul ba'i bod kyi mkhas pa rnams la skye ba snga ma dang stong pa nyid kyi lta ba'i sgo nas zhu ba [Inquiry Concerning the Doctrines of Previous Lives and Emptiness Offered to the Scholars of Tibet by the Star Head Lama Called Ippolito]; and, Ke ri se ste an kyi chos lugs kyi snying po[Essence of the Chris¬tian Religion]. The books under review here cover both stories: Trent Pomplun presents a biography of Desideri; Sweet translates Notizie istoriche into English; and finally, Lopez Jr. and Jinpa's manuscript offers an English translation of the Tibetan books Inquiry and Essence. In

Claves belgas para la lectura de Por la Europa católica de Emilia Pardo Bazán

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Behiels, Lieve

2013-06-01

Full Text Available In 1901, Emilia Pardo Bazán took a trip to Belgium in order to familiarize herself with Belgian social Catholicism; the result was an essay, Por la Europa católica. In this article we will try to answer the following questions: did the author interview relevant personalities, did she document herself with trustworthy sources and did she provide a faithful image of the Belgian socio-political reality to her Spanish readers? First we will offer data about the publication of the texts, second we will sketch the context of the social role of the Church in Belgium and Spain at the turn of the century, and then we will analyse the chapters on social policy in the essay. We may conclude that Pardo Bazán interviewed Catholic figures of the highest level and visited important social works supervised by the Church, but she made no contact with the early Christian democracy. Her main source of information on the socialist movement is Le socialisme en Belgique, still a historical reference work. Although she knew about the tensions in the Catholic party and the huge social antagonisms, in her book she tends to present a too idyllic image of Belgium, probably in order to be able to present the country’s social Catholicism as an example for Spain.En 1901, Emilia Pardo Bazán realizó un viaje a Bélgica para conocer desde dentro el catolicismo social belga. Nos preguntamos en este artículo si la autora entrevistó las figuras realmente relevantes, si se documentó en las fuentes importantes y si da una imagen fiable de la situación sociopolítica belga al lector español. En primer lugar ofrecemos datos sobre la publicación de los textos, luego esbozamos el contexto del papel social de la Iglesia en Bélgica y en España y analizamos los capítulos sobre política social de Por la Europa católica. Podemos concluir que la autora entrevistó figuras intelectuales de pro entre el clero y visitó obras sociales enmarcadas por la Iglesia, pero no contact

First archaeomagnetic field intensity data from Ethiopia, Africa (1615 ± 12 AD)

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Osete, María Luisa; Catanzariti, Gianluca; Chauvin, Annick; Pavón-Carrasco, Francisco Javier; Roperch, Pierrick; Fernández, Víctor M.

2015-05-01

First archaeointensity determinations have been obtained from Ethiopia. Seven bricks (34 specimens) from the Däbsan archaeological remains were subjected to archaeointensity determination by means of classical Thellier-Thellier experiment including tests for magnetic anisotropy and magnetic cooling rate dependency. The age of the Däbsan Palace is well controlled by historical information: between 1603, when land grants were conceded to the Jesuits and the Catholicism was established as the official religion in Ethiopia, and the age of the Palace foundation in 1626-27. Successful archaeointensity determinations were obtained in 27 specimens from five individual bricks revealing an average field value of 33.5 ± 1.1 μT, which is 11-26% lower than expected values from global geomagnetic models based on historical and archaeomagnetic data. Global models for 1615 AD predict a low in central-southern Africa related to past location of the present Southern Atlantic Anomaly (SAA). Our results suggest that the field intensity in central Africa may have been slightly lower than global model predictions. This would indicate that the low could be probably more extended towards central-eastern Africa (or more intense) than previously considered. Further data from this region are especially welcome to delineate the evolution of the SAA.

Michael Field’s “A Dance of Death”

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LeeAnne Richardson

2012-03-01

Full Text Available The 1912 poem "A Dance of Death" by Michael Field (pen name of Katherine Bradley and her niece Edith Cooper depicts Salome in an alternate version of the biblical story: this Salome dances on a frozen river, falls through the ice, and is decapitated on a jagged edge. Nonetheless, her beautiful head continues dancing over the frozen river. This poem is highly unusual, especially in the context of the other poems in the postconversion volume Poems of Adoration, because it questions, rather than submits to, authority. In re-writing a familiar Christian tale, as well as a familiar decadent theme, Field uses the poem to assert the supremacy of their artistic vision, which (despite their ardent Catholicism cannot be subject to any law outside themselves. Like the continually dancing head of Salome, which continues to create beauty even after nature (and perhaps God has struck it down, the poet is subjugate only to her own law and creates without boundaries or restrictions on her art. Bradley and Cooper were acutely aware of their authorial persona (actively taking not only a masculine but also a singular poetic identity, and their mode of reconciling the apparent contradictions of this identity are mirrored in their presentation of Salome in a "Dance of Death."

Vigilar y castigar: crisis y disciplinamiento en la Iglesia argentina en los años setenta

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Obregón, Martín

2006-06-01

Full Text Available Since the middle of the 60’s, Catholicism experimented in Argentina a deep internal crisis: vast secular and ecclesiastic groups radicalized and their criticisms were growing in the following years. By the second middle of the 70’s the ecclesiastical hierarchy fixed on to reorganize the Church on Conservative grounds and to discipline the more radical groups inside the Catholic ground. I attempt to analyze the theological, liturgical, and pastoral characteristics of this process during the first years of the latter Military Dictatorship.

Desde mediados de la década de 1960, el catolicismo argentino sufrió una aguda crisis interna, caracterizada por la radicalización de vastos sectores, tanto clericales como laicos, cuyos cuestionamientos fueron creciendo con el correr de los años. Desde los años setenta, la jerarquía eclesiástica estableció como objetivo central la reorganización de la Iglesia sobre bases conservadoras, lo que implicaba disciplinar a los sectores más radicalizados del campo católico. En este trabajo se analizan las características que adoptó dicho proceso en la teología, la liturgia y la pastoral durante los primeros años de la última dictadura militar.

Thinking with the saint: the miracle of Saint Januarius of Naples and science in early modern Europe.

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de Ceglia, Francesco Paolo

2014-01-01

The aim of this paper is to reconstruct the way in which early modem science questioned and indirectly influenced (while being in its turn influenced by) the conceptualization of the liquefaction of the blood of Saint Januarius, a phenomenon that has been taking place at regular intervals in Naples since the late Middle Ages. In the seventeenth century, a debate arose that divided Europe between supporters of a theory of divine intervention and believers in the occult properties of the blood. These two theoretical options reflected two different perspectives on the relationship between the natural and the supernatural. While in the seventeenth century, the emphasis was placed on the predictable periodicity of the miraculous event of liquefaction as a manifestation of God in his role as a divine regulator, in the eighteenth century the event came to be described as capricious and unpredictable, in an attempt to differentiate miracles from the workings of nature, which were deemed to be normative. The miracle of the blood of Saint Januarius thus provides a window through which we can catch a glimpse of how the natural order was perceived in early modern Europe at a time when the Continent was culturally fragmented into north and south, Protestantism and Catholicism, learned and ignorant.

Calvin on Human Reason

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Nicolaas Vorster

2014-10-01

Full Text Available In his recent book The Unintended Reformation, Brad Gregory makes the statement that the Reformation replaced the teleological social ethics of Roman Catholicism based on virtue with formal social ethics based on rules and enforced by magistrates, because they regarded human reason as too depraved to acquire virtue. The result, according to Gregory, is that the relation between internalised values and rules were undermined. This article asks whether this accusation is true with regard to Calvin. The first section discusses the intellectual environment of Calvin’s day – something that inevitably influenced his theory on reason, whilst the second part analyses Calvin’s view on the created nature of reason. The third section investigates Calvin’s view on the effects of sin on reason; and the fourth section discusses Calvin’s perspective on the relation between grace and reason. The article concludes that Gregory’s accusation against the Reformation is not applicable to Calvin. Gregory fails to take into account Calvin’s modified position that the imago Dei was not totally destroyed by sin as well as his teaching on common grace that maintains that even non-believers are able to acquire virtue through the common grace of God.

Roe v. Wade. Ardently prochoice.

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Baldwin, M

1998-01-01

In this commentary, a community activist who is also a retired educator describes how she became ardently in favor of women having the legal right to make abortion decisions. She had converted to Catholicism as an adult in the late 1940s and became a zealot. When the Supreme Court issued its decision in Roe vs. Wade, she tried to determine how she felt about abortion and read some of the publications of Catholics for a Free Choice. In 1980, she ran for office in Vermont and had to declare her views about abortion. She asserted that abortion was a matter to be decided between a woman and her doctor and lost the election to a man in a close race. In 1989, she became a co-founder of Vermont Catholics for Free Choice and served as the president of the organization for 7 years. The Vermont group considered many issues affecting Roman Catholics, including divorce, celibacy, the ordination of women, world population, the rights of homosexuals, contraception, due process, and the local election of bishops as well as abortion. In 1996, the group changed its name to Vermont Catholics for Free Conscience in order to provide an umbrella for all of the dissenting Catholic voices in Vermont.

The Slava or Patron Saint’s Day among the Serbs

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Pavković Nikola F.

2015-01-01

Full Text Available The Slava has been a folk-religious holiday among the Serbs for centuries. As the cult of a specific Christian saint within the family (genus, tribe, a protector and giver, over time many common structural elements of the ritual emerged. However, the ways of celebrating, ritual meals and duration of the Slava have certain local variances which are caused by folkreligious traditions as well as the wider (state and socio-political context. From the 13th century onward the Slava has been under a strong influence from the Serbian Orthodox Church. The contemporary way of celebrating the Slava has been formed by the Church. Some authors have considered the Slava a marker of Serbian national identity. The Slava is a social and spiritual good passed down from father to son. In matrilocal marriage, the son in law accepts the Slava from his father in law, and keeps his own as secondary. Over the centuries there were many limitations and even bans on the practice of the Slava, most notably imposed on the Serbs by the Venetian republic and the Austro-Hungarian Empire - all with the aim of imposing a union of the faith with the Vatican and turning the Orthodox faithful over to Catholicism.

The afterlife of embryonic persons: what a strange place heaven must be.

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Murphy, Timothy F

2012-12-01

Some commentators argue that conception constitutes the onset of human personhood in a metaphysical sense. This threshold is usually invoked as the basis both for protecting zygotes and embryos from exposure to risks of death in clinical research and fertility medicine and for objecting to abortion, but it also has consequences for certain religious perspectives, including Catholicism whose doctrines directly engage questions of personhood and its meanings. Since more human zygotes and embryos are lost than survive to birth, conferral of personhood on them would mean - for those believing in personal immortality - that these persons constitute the majority of people living immortally despite having had only the shortest of earthly lives. For those believing in resurrection, zygotes and embryos would also be restored to physical lives. These outcomes do not mean that conception cannot function as a metaphysical threshold of personhood, but this interpretation carries costs that others do not. For example, treating conception as a moral threshold of respect for human life in general, rather than as a metaphysical threshold of personhood, would obviate the prospect of the afterlife being populated in the main by persons who have never lived more than a few hours or days. Copyright © 2012 Reproductive Healthcare Ltd. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Naturaleza, religión y cultura tradicional: Un ensayo sobre el pensamiento rústico

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Calavia Sáez, Óscar

1997-06-01

Full Text Available This study focuses on the natural elements in the religious lore of La Rioja, in northern Spain: mainly trees, bulls and bees in myth and ritual. It stresses their sociological and cosmological meanings: patterns of kinship, marriage and group identity, ideas about gender, body and ultimately «nature». Furthermore, it this study proposes on implicit «rustic mind», contemporary wilt but apart from Christian taught (not a mere survival of the past and discusses the role of this «mind» in the history of Spanish Catholicism.Los elementos naturales presentes en el folklore religioso de La Rioja, en el norte de España, árboles, toros y abejas, en primer plano, son analizados en este estudio en sus componentes sociológicos (las ideas que reflejan sobre consanguinidad, alianza e identidad de grupo y organizados en una sucinta cosmología, que incluye nociones sobre el cuerpo, los géneros y la propia «naturaleza». Se explora la virtualidad de un «pensamiento rústico», diferente del cristianismo pero contemporáneo suyo (no una mera supervivencia del pasado y el lugar que ocupa en la historia del catolicismo español.

A diferença como política de resistência e de ressignificação da subjetividade feminina em campos de saberes masculinos

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Neiva Furlin

2017-01-01

Full Text Available This article analyzes narratives of women teachers inserted into the context of teaching Catholicism in a traditionally masculine space structured to be unintelligible to women. The aim is to show how these teachers, who work in the field of theological knowledge, are formed and assert themselves positively as feminine subjects. The study is qualitative, based on the hermeneutic interpretation of the narratives of fourteen teachers, inserted into three Catholic institutions located in the South and Southeast regions of Brazil. In order to analyze how women theologians become subjects in their positions and policy strategies, we adopt theoretical presuppositions of feminism, gender studies and, especially, the notion of sexual difference of Rosi Braidotti, as one of the epistemological fields of feminist theory. The study shows that the teachers deessentialize the content of difference from its situated action as a political strategy in the production of an ethics of the self. This situation indicates that the redefinition of sexual difference and gender subjectivity, in this context, functions positively, even if it remains marked by a symbolic, hierarchical, celibate and masculine structure in which difference frequently continues being driven, in a negatively meaningful way by the aforementioned essentializations, to lower levels of competence regarding women.

La revisión del concordato de 1953: la reunión entre Casaroli y López Rodó (noviembre de 1973

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Martín de Santa Olalla Saludes, Pablo

2003-12-01

Full Text Available The Council Vatican II was a decisive effort to change the relation between the Catholic Church and the State in Spain. The Concordat of 1953, that was the juridic marc for the regulation of the relation of the Catholicism and Franco's Regime, had to be renegociated after been left in an anacronic situation. As both powers were in a growing conflict, the designation of Laureano López Rodó for the ministery of Foreign Affairs made possible the celebration of a first meeting after the defeat of Anteproyecto Casaroli-Garrigues inl971, February.El Concilio Vaticano II constituyó un impulso decisivo para la transformación de la relación Iglesia-Estado en España. El Concordato de 1953, que era el marco jurídico que regulaba la relación entre el catolicismo y el Régimen de Franco, hubo de ser renegociado al haber quedado anacrónico. Ante una creciente tensión entre ambos poderes, la llegada al ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores de Laureano López Rodó hizo posible la celebración de un primer encuentro tras el fracaso del llamado Anteproyecto Casaroli-Garrigues en febrero de 1971.

CATHOLIC SOCIAL TEACHING AND THE ORIGINS OF EUROPEAN UNION

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Tiberiu Brailean

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Many papal encyclicals were not directly concerned about the appearance of European Union due to many historical, political and social contexts. The fundamental principles developed through several encyclicals from early 19th century to the present day reaffirmed the neutrality of the Church regarding to many forms of government. But the most important idea has its root in the restoration of the Christian principles in society. In a time of de-Christianization and secularism, the role of Church as the foundation of peace is also important to notice. It was considered that every modern democracy is the image of the revealed heart of the universal law of charity (Jacques Maritain. That is why between a supranational entity like the European Union and the Catholic Church should be a friendly and close relationship. A unite Europe has its roots in Christianity, especially in Catholicism. The soul of Europe is animated by religious principles. Whether we talk about Schuman or Adenauer, their Christian faith is the engine for their political success. After the Second World War, in Western Europe, the Christian democratic parties had a huge impact for the democratic governance. The socio-economic policies of these parties were anchored in Catholic social teaching.

Ancient and Medieval Earth in Armenia

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Farmanyan, S. V.

2015-07-01

Humankind has always sought to recognize the nature of various sky related phenomena and tried to give them explanations. The purpose of this study is to identify ancient Armenians' pantheistic and cosmological perceptions, world view, notions and beliefs related to the Earth. The paper focuses on the structure of the Earth and many other phenomena of nature that have always been on a major influence on ancient Armenians thinking. In this paper we have compared the term Earth in 31 languages. By discussing and comparing Universe structure in various regional traditions, myths, folk songs and phraseological units we very often came across to "Seven Heavens" (Seven heavens is a part of religious cosmology found in many major religions such as Islam, Judaism, Hinduism and Christianity (namely Catholicism) and "Seven Earths". Armenians in their turn divided Earth and Heavens into seven layers. And in science too, both the Earth and the Heavens have 7 layers. The Seven Heavens refer to the layers of our atmosphere. The Seven Earths refer to the layers of the Earth (from core to crust), as well as seven continents. We conclude that the perception of celestial objects varies from culture to culture and preastronomy had a significant impact on humankind, particularly on cultural diversities.

PERJUMPAAN ISLAM DAN KATOLIK (Upaya Mencari Akar Epistemologi Tentang Konsep Keselamatan

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Abdullah Muthalib

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Every religion has a concept of salvation based on transcendent values of the religion. Islam as a religion of revelation has the concept of salvation based on the messages contained Allah in the Qur’an and Hadith of the Prophet are valid. With reference to the ethical principles of Islam, the doctrine of salvation is the main point ranging in religion, with this principle, people feel the need to claim to believe and submit to the values of the revealed God. A person of faith is essentially aims to achieve safety, both in his life on earth and in the Hereafter. In the Catholic Christian religion also found a number of principles are the same theology that is taught about the importance of safety. In the book of the old covenant and new covenant be emphasized that the safety ranging point in the theology. In Islam and Catholicism, the concept of divinity is the same both believe in Almighty God (monotheism. Both believe that Isa (Jesus and Muhammad. As the bearer of divine revelation. Although Islam to explain the concept of the deity in various contexts and meanings, while the Catholic meaning of salvation is placed in a variety of different verses, but the meaning remains the same.

ON THE CULT OF MARY OF DANIEL ZIELIŃSKI IN THE LIGHT OF THE "PREFACE" TO "SZATA WZORZYSTA DOSKONAŁOŚCI" (1649

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Katarzyna Kaczor-Scheitler

2017-10-01

Full Text Available This article presents the issues tackled in the “Preface” to "Szata wzorzysta doskonałości, zakonnicę w oczach Boskich zdobiąca i wszelkim stanom ludzi żyć duchownie pragnących pożyteczna" ("The Patterned Robe of Perfection Worn by the Nun before the Eyes of God and Useful to All People Wishing to Lead a Spiritual Life" (Kraków 1649 by Daniel Zieliński, a Bernadine from Alwernia. Noteworthy in this work, orientated toward awakening prayer activity and promoting religious life, is the dedication to Mary, which constitutes an expression of the tribute to Mary made by the author as well as a testimony of his personal experience. The article shows that the “Preface” was written for the purpose of the cult of Mary and constitutes a testimony of the spirituality of the post-tridentine era. The author also reflected on the cult of Mary in Polish Catholicism, as manifested in the christenings, scapulars and rosaries, Marian Sodalities, the increasing role of sanctuaries to Mary (including Jasna Góra, Kalwaria Zebrzydowska and the related pilgrimage movement. The cult of Mary was spread through prayer books, sermons, religious poetry and devotional books.

Religious aspects of assisted reproduction

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Sallam, HN; Sallam, NH

2016-01-01

Abstract Human response to new developments regarding birth, death, marriage and divorce is largely shaped by religious beliefs. When assisted reproduction was introduced into medical practice in the last quarter of the twentieth century, it was fiercely attacked by some religious groups and highly welcomed by others. Today, assisted reproduction is accepted in nearly all its forms by Judaism, Hinduism and Buddhism, although most Orthodox Jews refuse third party involvement. On the contrary assisted reproduction is totally unacceptable to Roman Catholicism, while Protestants, Anglicans, Coptic Christians and Sunni Muslims accept most of its forms, which do not involve gamete or embryo donation. Orthodox Christians are less strict than Catholic Christians but still refuse third party involvement. Interestingly, in contrast to Sunni Islam, Shi’a Islam accepts gamete donation and has made provisions to institutionalize it. Chinese culture is strongly influenced by Confucianism, which accepts all forms of assisted reproduction that do not involve third parties. Other communities follow the law of the land, which is usually dictated by the religious group(s) that make(s) the majority of that specific community. The debate will certainly continue as long as new developments arise in the ever-evolving field of assisted reproduction. PMID:27822349

Volunteering among older people in Korea.

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Kim, Jibum; Kang, Jeong-Han; Lee, Min-Ah; Lee, Yongmo

2007-01-01

Faced with aging societies, there is an immense need to better understand the nature of volunteering outside advanced Western industrial countries. As a case of a rapidly aging society, we identify robust factors associated with elderly volunteering in Korea in terms of a resource framework. Data were derived from the Social Statistics Survey conducted by the Korea National Statistical Office in 1999 (N = 7,135) and 2003 (N = 8,371). We first determined overall and age-related volunteer rates for Korea compared to the United States. Using logistic regression, we then examined the effects of human, cultural, and social capital variables on volunteering. Approximately 6% of Koreans aged 65 years and older participate in volunteer programs. All human capital variables are positively related with volunteering. For cultural capital, those who identify their religion as Buddhism or Catholicism are more likely to volunteer than those who have no religion. But surprisingly, Protestantism does not consistently promote volunteering across both years. For social capital, older adults who live alone or with a spouse are more likely to volunteer than those living with both a spouse and children. In contrast to human capital, cultural and social capital on elderly volunteering appears to be contoured by social contexts.

Vida em Santidade: modos de ser santo em uma comunidade messiânico-milenarista do sertão baiano (Pau de Colher, 1934-1938 - DOI: 10.5752/P.2175-5841.2010v8n18p170

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Filipe Pinto Monteiro

2010-11-01

throughout the research - around the manifestation of catholic saints in the Bahia´s hinterland in the 30s of the twentieth century. The movement of Pau de Colher, through the preaching of their leaders, established a dialogue with a tradition dating back to the origins of christianity; did believe in the resurrection of characters as St. Joseph the Carpenter and St. Mary, the Immaculate - privileged figures in our study -; and re-updated a set of beliefs and values transmitted by the hands of itinerant missionaries and blessed wandering during Brazil's history, revealing an intense hybridization between popular and ecclesiastical catholicism. Key words: Pau de Colher; saints; hinterland; catholicism; popular religiousness.

Tendencias a la pluralidad y la diversificación del paisaje religioso en el México contemporáneo Tendencies towards plurality and diversification of the religious landscape in contemporary Mexico

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Renée de la Torre

2008-01-01

-protestant; a proportional augment of those who are not members of any religion; a reinstating of native, neo-indigenous or ethnic religious streams that tend to break away from popular Catholic practice; and, finally, a marked tendency to de-institutionalization and subjectivization of beliefs and values. This tendency traverses and diversifies cult practices and ways of acting and believing inside Catholicism. We hereby analyze several sources that deliver empirical data on a national scale, with the purpose of informing on these tendencies towards religious change, namely, INEGI's 1950-2000 census results on the plurality of religious confessions; the results of a study on Catholics in Mexico, which was carried out to contemplate diversity inside Catholicism; an analysis of compared results provided by 1990-2000 World Values Survey data; and, finally, information extracted from a longitudinal study in Guadalajara city. All of these data will help us assess current tendencies towards de-institutionalization and subjectivization of Mexicans.

All God's children: religion, divorce, and child custody.

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Goldzband, M G

2000-01-01

Many young Americans, married and marriageable, are turning to more traditional or fundamentalist religions. Religiosity and ultra-strict morality often leads to attitudes that alter decision-making in marriage, divorce, and the disposition of the children of divorce. Judgmental pastoral counseling may affect these decisions even more. This paper discusses these issues, emphasizing the need for forensic psychiatrists involved in the custody arena to be aware of the religious, spiritual, irreligious, or even anti-religious feelings of the battling partners. It also presents detailed information about the four major American religions (Roman Catholicism, traditional Judaism, Mormonism, and Islam) that have specific doctrine, protocols, or customs affecting decisions in marriage, divorce, and child custody and visitation. This information is presented from the viewpoint of a child advocate. Mental health experts consulting in child custody must understand the backgrounds of the battling parents, including the religious pressures that well may adversely affect their interspousal disputes, particularly those over child custody. The experts must also recognize the attitudes of the religious communities in which the custodial parent may reside after divorce. Those attitudes may be rejecting of the children as well as of the divorced parent(s). Mental health experts may have a better chance to reach agreement between the battling parents if the experts reverse the historic reluctance of psychiatrists to evaluate and discuss the religious feelings and beliefs of their forensic evaluatees.

Populismo municipal y nacionalcatolicismo en la Valencia del general Primo de Rivera: el marqués de Sotelo (1923-1930 = Populism and Municipal Propaganda in Valencia during Primo de Rivera’s Dictatorship: the Marquis of Sotelo (1923-1930.

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Julio López Iñíguez

2016-05-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo pretende explicar las principales características políticas del régimen de Primo de Rivera en la ciudad de Valencia. Desde un análisis de la política municipal, el populismo y la publicidad de la construcción de obras públicas se presentan como los principales pilares para la consolidación del régimen en Valencia. La praxis política del marqués de Sotelo supuso para la ciudad el primer contacto con el nacionalcatolicismo. La figura de este alcalde, además, ocupa buena parte del texto al ser un fiel exponente de las prácticas políticas nacidas tras el golpe de septiembre de 1923.This paper aims to explain the main features of the political regime of Primo de Rivera in the city of Valencia. From an analysis of municipal politics, populism and advertising public works construction are presented as the main supports for the consolidation of the regime in Valencia. The political praxis of the Marquis of Sotelo assumed for the city’s first contact with the National Catholicism. The figure of the mayor, also occupies much of the text to be a faithful exponent of political practices born after the September 1923 coup.

Christian psychopathology: psychiatry and knowledge for the sake of salvation in the early years of Francoism.

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González de Pablo, Ángel

After World War II came to an end, General Franco's regime attempted to step aside from the defeated fascist states by emphasizing its Catholic character. The change of image culminated in 1947 with the establishment of Spain as a Catholic State by means of the Law of Succession. This process generated the national catholic ideology, which became, during the first decades of the dictatorship, the hegemonic instrument for the transformation of Spanish society in an anti-modernizing way. Scientific activity was not excluded from these changes, and a Catholic science conveying universal values and in harmony with the faith was strongly encouraged. One example of this Catholic science was the psychiatric approach developed by Juan José López Ibor during the first Francoist period, including the concepts of anagogy, the perfection instinct, psychagogy and, above all, anxious thymopathy and life anguish. This paper analyses the Christian background of these notions, their scientific repercussions and their social utility for the dictatorship. This paper emphasizes the consideration of these key notions of Spanish psychiatry during the First Francoism as knowledge of salvation, i.e., as conveyors of assumed eternal values in accordance with the prevailing view of Catholicism. On the other hand, it points to the functioning of these concepts as a part of the regulatory network designed and deployed by Francoism to promote submission and resignation in the Spanish population.

Ceremonias, mujer y jerarquía social en el modelo religioso barroco = Ceremonies, woman and social hierarchy in the baroque religious model

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Juan Manuel Valencia Rodríguez

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Resumen: El imaginario o modelo religioso barroco representaba un universo mental capaz de ofrecer una concepción global del mundo y de la sociedad, de contornos bien definidos. Entre sus elementos recurrentes figuran los tres aquí estudiados: primero, la importancia concedida al ceremonial, en favor de una religiosidad externa y ritualizada que reafirmaba el papel indispensable de los sacerdotes; segundo, la visión negativa que el catolicismo emite sobre la mujer, conceptuada como un ser inferior; finalmente, la relación entre el discurso eclesiástico y el sistema jerárquico de la sociedad, al que el modelo religioso contribuye a legitimar. Tales mensajes se analizan a través de cinco obras de la época.Abstract: The imaginary or Baroque religious model represented a mental universe capable to offer a global conception of the world and the society with well-defined outlines. Among its recurrent elements are the three treated here; first: the importance given to the ceremonial in favour of an external and ritualized religiosity that reaffirmed the essential role of priests; second: the negative view of Catholicism about the woman, seen as a lower human being; finally, the relationship between the ecclesiastical speech and the hierarchical system of the society, that the religious model contributes to legitimize. Such messages are analyzed through five works of the period.

Misiones del racionalismo: Rosario de Acuña en la prensa librepensadora

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Díaz-Marcos, Ana María

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Rosario de Acuña’s articles and essays in the freethinking press illustrate her radical and heterodox writing and criticism of Catholicism. The writer supported the free-thinking cause and stressed that women should actively participate in the debate. The gender perspective connects the two main intellectual concerns of this writer who believed that the emancipation of women and religious liberty were the two burning issues of the age. Acuña wrote numerous essays and articles that actively defended the need to remove barriers between sexes in order to aspire to an ideal of equality and fraternity.La colaboración de Rosario de Acuña en la prensa librepensadora define su escritura radical, heterodoxa y crítica con el catolicismo. La autora apoyó la causa del librepensamiento recalcando que la mujer debía ser participar activamente en el debate. Este matiz de género permite unir dos de las preocupaciones básicas de una escritora que consideraba que la emancipación de la mujer y la libertad religiosa eran las dos cuestiones palpitantes de ese contexto histórico. Acuña escribió numerosos ensayos y artículos apoyando activamente la necesidad de anular las barreras entre los sexos para aspirar a ideales de igualdad y fraternidad universal.

La condena de Le Sillon, un episodio de la crisis modernista, 25 agosto 1910

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Robles Muñoz, Cristóbal

2013-06-01

Full Text Available The modernist crisis can be studied from the same modernist and from the position against those who attacked accusing them of plotting against Catholicism. Can be analyzed the opposition against this plan and strategy of their opponents. This paper studies it. Analyzes pressures led to the conviction of Le Sillon the August 25, 1910, with existing documentation in the Vatican Secret Archives. It provides the information collects and accepts by the encyclical of Pope Pius X. The Holy See dissociated himself from a movement that was the option to accept openly the Republic and democracy in France.La crisis modernista puede estudiarse desde los mismos modernistas y desde su posición frente a los que los combatieron acusándolos de conspirar contra el catolicismo. Pueden estudiarse la oposición contra ese plan y la estrategia de sus adversarios. Este trabajo la estudia. Analiza las presiones llevaron a la condena de Le Sillon el 25 de agosto de 1910 Se utiliza la documentación existente en el Archivo Secreto Vaticano. Aporta los información que recoge y acepta la encíclica del Papa Pío X. La Santa Sede se desligó de un movimiento que seguía la opción de León XIII aceptando abiertamente la República y la democracia.

Galileo and the Interpretation of the Bible

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Carroll, William E.

Galileo's understanding of the relationship between science and the Bible has frequently been celebrated as anticipating a modern distinction between the essentially religious nature of scripture and the claims of the natural sciences. Galileo's reference to the remarks of Cardinal Baronius, that the Bible teaches one how to go to heaven and not how the heavens go, has been seem as emblematic of his commitment to the distinction between the Book of Nature and the Book of Scripture. This essay argues that, contrary to the common view, Galileo shares with the theologians of the Inquisition the same fundamental principles of biblical interpretation: principles which include traditional scriptural hermeneutics enunciated by Augustine and Aquinas, as well as those characteristic of Counter-Reformation Catholicism. Although Galileo argues that one should not begin with biblical passages in order to discover truths about nature, he does think that the Bible contains scientific truths and that it is the function of wise interpreters to discover these truths. The dispute with the theologians of the Inquisition occurred because they thought that it was obviously true scientifically that the earth did not move and, on the basis of this view, they read the Bible as revealing the same thing. They reached this conclusion because, like Galileo, they thought that the Bible contained truths about nature. Of course, what these theologians accepted as scientifically true, Galileo denied.

Towards A New Reading of the Political Thought of the Dévot Faction: The Opposition to Cardinal Richelieu’s Ministériat

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Caroline Maillet-Rao

2013-10-01

Full Text Available For a long time, historiography has considered the political thought of the dévot party, led by Mathieu de Morgues and Michel de Marillac, to be supportive of a traditional monarchy, Catholicism and the extermination of Protestants, while being opposed to the Thirty Years War. This faction’s political thought has been looked upon as being in contrast to that of Cardinal Richelieu, which was comparatively regarded as profoundly absolutist and modern. Such an understanding of the dévots’ political thought, albeit disputed, continues to prevail. The present article intends to demonstrate that the dévots were in fact on the side of the absolutists, which explains their opposition to Richelieu. Indeed, they never criticized absolutism, but rather, the illegitimate leadership of the government by an all-powerful premier ministre, namely, Richelieu. According to the dévots, the ministériat actually betrayed the very essence of absolute monarchy. Before proposing a new perspective on its political thought, it is important to reflect upon the definition of the dévot party. This will be followed by an overview of the lives and work of the principal representatives of this faction, Mathieu de Morgues (1582–1670 and Michel de Marillac (1560–1632. An examination of the historiography on this subject enables this article’s conclusions to be situated in a broader context.

Vos que me empezaste y quiero que me acabes en la mitad de vos. The Mystical Poetry of Juan Gelman

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Bianca Pamela Ramírez Rivera

2015-02-01

Full Text Available The mystical experience is a phenomenon that just a few people experience,and even for those people, it’s complicated to explain what it meant and what it still means in their lives. Stories of ancient and contemporary mystics are scattered around the world and do not belong to a single religion. Thus, it is possible to find mystical experiences stories of practitioners of several religions such as Islam, Judaism or Catholicism.Juan Gelman, poet, essayist and journalist, is one of the most important figures of contemporary literature in Latin America. With his journalistic textsand poems, he could denounce the injustices of his country’s politics; and wasalso a personality that starkly gave an account of one of the bloodiest processes occurring in Argentine: the military dictatorship.Gelman also approached the phenomenon of mystical experience. Whetherit was a sense of identification (feeling as a foreigner or through the searchof ‘the mystical’ (which transcends him as a human being, Gelman is a LatinAmerican author whose phase of mystical poetry is central to understand thisphenomenon through literature.This essay aims to explore Juan Gelman’s vein as a seeker and narrator ofmystical experience. This will be traced from the material of this nature thatthe author left in his works, Citas y Comentarios, Com/posiciones and Dibaxu,as well as from his revision of the jewish tradition mystics.

Imágenes especulares: Educación, laicidad y catolicismo en Santa Fe, 1900-1940

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Diego A. Mauro

2009-01-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo se interroga en torno a las relaciones entre catolicismo y laicismo en el terreno educativo. Se pregunta, en particular, sobre la consistencia historiográfica de las imágenes construidas como reflejo de la tesis del "renacimiento católico". Según estos cuadros, la contracara del denominado "renacimiento" habría sido el ocaso de una "Argentina laica y liberal", consagrada en términos educativos en la ley 1420. Partiendo de estas visiones especulares, el texto se propone discutir, para el caso de la provincia de Santa Fe, algunos de los argumentos esgrimidos tras la "postal laicista", a la luz de los debates abiertos en torno a las teorías de la "secularización" y de la "modernidad".The present work studies the relationships between catholicism and laicism in the educational field. In particular, it wonders about the historiographic consistency of the images built as a reflection of the "catholic rebirth" thesis. According to these frames, the counterpart of the denominated "rebirth" would have been the decline of a "lay and liberal Argentina", established in educational terms in the 1420 law. Starting from these views, the text discusses, for the Santa Fe county case, some of the arguments fenced behind the "lay postal", in light of the opened debates around the theories of the "secularization" and of the "modernity".

Poland: A Dark Side of Church Cultural Policy

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Szocik Konrad

2015-12-01

Full Text Available The cultural policy of the Roman Catholic Church in Poland is incorporated into state-run cultural policies. The organs of public authority enforce the objectives of Church regardless of Church’s actual ability to influence the society. It should be pointed out that the secularization of religion in Poland is frequently misinterpreted and usually equated with its deprivatization. It is worth mentioning that Catholicism is the dominant religion of the country and the Roman Catholic Church has hold a special position in Poland and play a major role in the country’s social and political life. In practice, however, Polish society appears to be religiously indifferent. This paper proves that the official, state-run cultural policy in Poland is based on favoritism of the Roman Catholic Church, regardless of Church’s actual ability to wield influence on society. Thus, there is a variety of implicit and explicit cultural policies implemented by the authorities to support Church. This work also aims at addressing the question of social attitudes to women, especially the one concerning the UN and EU law embracing women’s rights, until recently still not implemented in Poland. This paper further explores some peculiarities of this topic as an example of a specific outcome of Church cultural policy and its impact on both the past and present-day society.

"Natural family planning": effective birth control supported by the Catholic Church.

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Ryder, R E

1993-09-18

During 20-22 September Manchester is to host the 1993 follow up to last year's "earth summit" in Rio de Janeiro. At that summit the threat posed by world overpopulation received considerable attention. Catholicism was perceived as opposed to birth control and therefore as a particular threat. This was based on the notion that the only method of birth control approved by the church--natural family planning--is unreliable, unacceptable, and ineffective. In the 20 years since E L Billings and colleagues first described the cervical mucus symptoms associated with ovulation natural family planning has incorporated these symptoms and advanced considerably. Ultrasonography shows that the symptoms identify ovulation precisely. According to the World Health Organisation, 93% of women everywhere can identify the symptoms, which distinguish adequately between the fertile and infertile phases of the menstrual cycle. Most pregnancies during trials of natural family planning occur after intercourse at times recognised by couples as fertile. Thus pregnancy rates have depended on the motivation of couples. Increasingly studies show that rates equivalent to those with other contraceptive methods are readily achieved in the developed and developing worlds. Indeed, a study of 19,843 poor women in India had a pregnancy rate approaching zero. Natural family planning is cheap, effective, without side effects, and may be particularly acceptable to the efficacious among people in areas of poverty.

Sombart and the Jews

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Mauro Protti

2015-03-01

Full Text Available This essay has the purpose of collecting and exposing in synthetic form the main issues which Sombart treats in his book Die Juden und das Wirtschaftsleben, 1911. Sombart defends the view that the Jews have founded modern capitalism, inventing financial practices (such as credit instruments and security interests, thus easing the movement of money and investments (financial intermediation. In this they have been supported by texts (the Bible and its interpretative commentaries and customary practices between people belonging to Jewish communities and strangers. The resulting form of capitalism is of a financial and commercial type, which Weber distinguishes from and opposes to the ‘modern’ form of capitalism, based on industry and rational production of goods, and determined by the typical character of Protestant ethics. The juxtaposition between Sombart and Weber sees the former arguing for a historical and conceptual articulation of capitalism that is more complex and articulated than the one posited by the latter. Weber believes that the ‘bloc’ formed by Jews, strangers and heretics (as opposed to Catholicism, that is, the Protestants has founded capitalism in its original version, the Jewish form of capitalism, later supported by the English translation of the Bible, urged and authorized by James I, whose influence has powerfully affected the ideological construction of a ‘historic’ object.

Judeo-Conversos en la audiencia del Nuevo Reino de Granada. Siglos XVI y XVII.

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Maria Cristina Navarrete.

2002-06-01

Full Text Available A large number of Portuguese “New Christians” (Jewish converts to Catholicism constituted one of the most important components of the white population of the Indies during the 16th and 17th centuries. They settled in various cities within the jurisdiction of the High Court of Justice of the New Kingdom of Granada, especially in Cartagena, where they occupied themselves in the slave trade and commerce in general. They extended their trade networks to and from the Viceroyalty of Peru and other provinces to the south of the New Kingdom. The Inquisition used its power to persecute them and to confiscate their property as a way to protect the purity of the faith and to sustain the institution economically. The New Christians were accused of secretly practicing the Jewish religion and of not being true Christians. Many of them were crypto-Jews who observed the Sabbath and Queen Esther’s feast day, observed Jewish fasting and dietary practices, and attended synagogue meetings. The most respected men among them acted as rabbis and orally transmitted their prayers and the few traditions remaining extant among them. As a result of both persecution by the Inquisition and the independence of Portugal in 1640, some of them returned to that country, while others scattered throughout the Caribbean and still others blended into the traditional Christian population.

La “Mujer Católica” y la sociedad de masas en la Argentina de entreguerras. Catolicismo social, consumo e industria cultural en la ciudad de Rosario (1915-1940

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Mauro, Diego

2014-06-01

Full Text Available This paper explores how, from a series of editorial initiatives, Social Catholics of Rosario (Argentina reproduced and disseminated traditional conceptions of “Catholic woman”, presented as opposed to the “Modern woman” – in the context of processes forming a mass society in Argentina. Specifically, we focus on the description and analysis of the resources used to reproduce female stereotypes Catholics in the mold of mass culture, increasingly widespread, and the culture industry. Thus expected to contribute to the understanding of the processes of “religious change” that crossed the Argentine Catholicism during the interwar period.El presente trabajo indaga cómo, a partir de una serie de iniciativas editoriales, los católicos sociales de Rosario (Argentina reprodujeron y difundieron las concepciones tradicionales de “mujer católica” —presentadas en contraposición a la llamada “mujer moderna”— en el marco de los procesos de conformación de una sociedad de masas en la Argentina. Concretamente, nos centraremos en la descripción y el análisis de los recursos empleados para reproducir los estereotipos femeninos católicos en los moldes de la cultura de masas, cada vez más difundidos, y en la industria cultural. Espera contribuir de este modo a la comprensión de los procesos de “cambio religioso” que atravesaron al catolicismo argentino durante el período de entreguerras.

El discurso desincretizador y womanista de Georgina Herrera: hacia una descolonización de la espiritualidad de la mujer negra cubana=Georgina Herrera’s Womanist and unsyncretic discourse: Toward a Spiritual Decolonization of the Afro-Cuban Woman

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Ana Zapata-Calle

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Resumen El propósito de este artículo es usar la poesía de Georgina Herrera para deconstruir la tradición de la santería que considera la religión yoruba como una ramificación del catolicismo y no como una religión universal. Georgina Herrera refleja en sus poemarios África (2006 y Gatos y liebres o libro de las conciliaciones (2010 el nuevo discurso afro-cubano que apuesta por una heterogeneidad religiosa que emerge en Cuba a finales de los años ochenta. Además, la poeta aboga en su poesía por el derecho del liderazgo religioso de la mujer afro-cubana, recuperando las practicas yorubas ortodoxas y el papel activo de las mujeres en sus rituales. Abstract The purpose of this article is to use Georgina Herrera’s poetry in order to deconstruct the tradition of santería that considers the Yoruba religion under the wing of Catholicism and not as a universal religion. Georgina Herrera reflects in her books of poems África (2006 and Gatos y liebres o libro de las conciliaciones (2010 the new Afro-Cuban discourse of religious heterogeneity that emerged in Cuba at the end of the eighties. Furthermore, the poet advocates for the right to leadership of Afro-Cuban women recovering the orthodox Yoruba practices and the active role of women in their rituals.

Postmortem and perimortem cesarean section: historical, religious and ethical considerations.

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Fadel, Hossam E

2011-12-01

Guillimeau was the first to use the term cesarean section (CS) in 1598, but this name became universal only in the 20th century. The many theories of the origin of this name will be discussed. This surgery has been reported to be performed in all cultures dating to ancient times. In the past, it was mainly done to deliver a live baby from a dead mother, hence the name postmortem CS (PMCS). Many heroes are reported to have been delivered this way. Old Jewish sacred books have made references to abdominal delivery. It was especially encouraged and often mandated in Catholicism. There is evidence that the operation was done in Muslim countries in the middle ages. Islamic rulings support the performance of PMCS. Now that most maternal deaths occur in the hospital, perimortem CS (PRMCS) is recommended for the delivery of a fetus after 24 weeks from a pregnant woman with cardiac arrest. It is believed that emergent delivery within four minutes of initiation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) improves the chances of success of maternal resuscitation and survival and increases the chance of delivering a neurologically intact neonate. It is agreed that physicians are not to be held legally liable for the performance of PMCS and PRMCS regardless of the outcome. The ethical aspects of these operations are also discussed including a discussion about PMCS for the delivery of women who have been declared brain dead.

Politisches „Milieu“, Familienwirklichkeit und Rechtsreform. Katholische und sozialdemokratische Positionen in der Weimarer Republik Political “Milieu,” Family Reality, and Legal Reform: Catholic and Social Democratic Positions in the Weimar Republic

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Arne Duncker

2005-03-01

Full Text Available Bei der verdienstvollen und materialreichen Arbeit Heinemanns handelt es sich um die gekürzte und überarbeitete Fassung einer an der Universität Augsburg 2002 abgeschlossenen Dissertation. Literatur ist bis einschließlich 2002 eingearbeitet. Mit Katholizismus und Sozialdemokratie hat die Arbeit zwei der bedeutendsten politischen und kulturellen Bewegungen – und auch “Milieus“ (S. 13 f. – Deutschlands in der Zeit der Weimarer Republik zum Gegenstand. In der Arbeit werden Fragen der historischen Familienforschung, Sozialgeschichte und Parteiengeschichte behandelt. Sie enthält darüber hinaus – ausbaufähige – rechtshistorische, frauengeschichtliche, parlamentsgeschichtliche und ehephilosophische Abschnitte sowie ein Schwerpunktkapitel (S. 213–292 zur Bevölkerungspolitik.Heinemann’s work, deserving and rich in material, is a shortened and revised version of a dissertation submitted to the University of Augsburg in 2002. Literature published up to the year 2002 is included in the text. The work has made as its focus two of the most important political and cultural movements—as well as “Milieus” (page 13 and following—of Germany during the time of the Weimar Republic: Catholicism and social democracy. Questions relating to historical family research, social history, and party history are dealt with in the work. It also includes sections, which could be expanded upon, on legal history, the history of women, parliamentary history, and the philosophy of marriage, as well as a central chapter focusing on the politics of demographics (213–292.

Performing Cosmopolitan Entanglement in the Philippine Pista: Sariaya Agawan Festival

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Shirley V. Guevarra

2014-12-01

Full Text Available This essay proposes cosmopolitan entanglement as a conceptual framework for the understanding of the Philippine pista (fiesta. The pista is a cosmopolitan phenomenon because communities engage in a disposition of cultural openness with the strange and the stranger. It is a performance of entanglement because it is a complex cultural phenomenon projected to be solemn yet secular, a festivity that neither the State nor the Church is in an ultimate position of authority, a parade of divinity, and a procession of spectacle. In arguing for cosmopolitan entanglement in the pista, the essay explores the 2007 Agawan festivity in Sariaya, Quezon, some 120 km south of Manila, as a case study. The first part is a conceptualization of cosmopolitanism as related to the pista using the Catholic dogma as lens. The analysis of Catholic dogma is necessary because in the Philippines the pista has its origin in Catholicism, its celebrations often coinciding with the feast day of a community’s patron saint. The second part examines the pista as a performance of entanglement. The final section describes the Sariaya pista via the Agawan festival as a case of cosmopolitan entanglement. The pista in Sariaya is an exemplar of cosmopolitan entanglement because community members perform cultural openness, which is also a mixing and matching of different performance activities, a strategy of combining the secular and the sacred, and a welcoming gesture to both the familiar and the stranger.

El derecho al aborto en discusión: la intervención de grupos católicos en la comisión de salud de la legislatura de la ciudad de Buenos Aires The debate on abortion rights: the involvement of catholic groups in the health committee of the Buenos Aires legislature

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Gabriela Irrazábal

2010-08-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo da cuenta de la participación de grupos católicos especializados en bioética y "bioderecho" en los debates parlamentarios sobre aborto no punible en la Comisión de Salud de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires a fines de 2008. Teniendo en cuenta las múltiples transferencias e influencias entre los campos político y religioso en Argentina, se intentará abordar la estrategia política que ciertos actores del catolicismo utilizan para consolidar la hegemonía simbólica de la Iglesia Católica en la regulación de la vida de los individuos, especialmente de las mujeres y la utilización de estas estrategias como apuestas de estos grupos para mantener su lugar hegemónico al interior de la Iglesia Católica.This paper discusses the participation of Catholic groups, specialized in bioethics and biolaw, in parliamentary debates on non-punishable abortion, in the Health Committee of the City of Buenos Aires, in late 2008. Taking into account the multiple transfers and influences between the political and the religious spheres in Argentina, the article examines the political strategy that certain actors of Catholicism use to consolidate the symbolic hegemony of the Catholic Church by regulating the life of individuals, especially women; and the use of these strategies as a way to maintain their hegemonic position within the Catholic Church.

SOUTHEAST ASIA: HISTORY, MODERNITY, AND RELIGIOUS CHANGE

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Sumanto Al Qurtuby

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Southeast Asia or Southeastern Asia, with more than six hundred million populations, is home to millions of Buddhists, Muslims, Confucians, Protestants, Catholics, and now Pentecostals, as well as many followers of local religions and spiritual beliefs. Notwithstanding its great historical, political, cultural legacies, however, the region has long been neglected as a site for religious studies in the Western academia. Aiming at filling the gap in Asian and religious studies as well as exploring the richness of Southeast Asian cultures, this article discusses the dynamics, diversity, and complexity of Southeast Asian societies in their response to the region’s richly political, cultural, and religious traditions spanning from pre-modern era to modern one. The article also examines the “integrative revolutions” that shaped and reshaped warfare, state organization and economics of Southeast Asia, particularly in the pre-European colonial era. In addition, the work discusses the wave of Islamization, particularly since the nineteenth century, as well as the upsurge of religious resurgence that shift the nature of religiosity and the formation of religious groupings in the area. The advent of Islam, with some interventions of political regimes, had been an important cause for the decline of Hindu-Buddhist traditions in some areas of Southeast Asia, especially Indonesia, the coming of Pentecostalism has challenged the well-established mainstream Protestantism and Catholicism, especially in Indonesia and the Philippines. Keywords: history, modernity, religious change, Southeast Asia

[The creation of hospitals by charities in Minas Gerais (Brazil) from 18th to 20th century].

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Marques, Rita de Cássia

2011-01-01

This article is the fruit of research into the cultural heritage of healthcare in Minas Gerais (Brazil) and explores the construction of hospitals supported by Catholic charities from the 18th to 20th century. Catholicism has always been strong in Minas Gerais, partly because the Portuguese Crown prohibited the free travel of priests, who were suspected of illegally trading in gold from the mines. A brotherhood was responsible for creating the first Santa Casa, in Vila Rica. Another very important religious group in Brazil, the Vincentians, was also devoted to charitable works and propagated the ideas on charity of Frederico Ozanan, based on the work of St. Vincent de Paul. This group comprised both a lay movement, supported by conferences organized by the St. Vincent de Paul Society, and a religious order, the Vincentian priests and nuns. Catholic physicians make up the third group studied here, organized in a professional association promoted by the Catholic Church. The brotherhoods, Vincentians, and associations, with their Santa Casas, represent a movement that is recognized worldwide. The enormous Catholic participation in these charitable works brought in the physicians, who would often make no charge and exerted efforts to create hospitals that served the population. Although the capital of Minas Gerais was the creation of republicans and positivists in the 20th century, with their ideas of modernity, it remained dependent on Christian charity for the treatment of the poor.

The motivation of European governments for sending Christian missionaries to Iran during Safavid era

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انسیه Hoseyni Sharif

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Religious changes and reforms which occurred in most European countries in the fifteenth century, Ottoman danger which was an important issue in the Christian world and Europe, and some other factors made European countries seek to disseminate Christianity and promote Catholicism by collaboration and advice from Pope. Therefore, any European country selected missionaries among Catholic sects and sent them to other areas including Iran. What was governments` main motivation to send missionaries to other areas? Were religious factors influenced by political and economic issues? The present article attempts to have an analytical view and to utilize the reports related to the presence and activities of missionaries in Iran, Travelogues, and all historic documents and books to answer the two questions. According to political, economic and religious situation of Europe, it seems that the missionaries were sent by the support from European governments. However, because of the especial importance of the religious issues in Europe, the factor of religion was the most important matter in sending missionaries. On the other hand, due to a feud with Ottomans, commercial competitions in Europe, and development of capitalism, political and commercial issues had attracted the attention of European governments and the Pope. Priests and missionaries were very influential in development and success of political and commercial relations among European governments. But, the claim that the missionaries were sent just for political and commercial purposes is not acceptable.

El alhajamiento de las imágenes marianas españolas: los joyeros de Guadalupe de Cáceres y el Pilar de Zaragoza

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Arbeteta Mira, Letizia

1996-12-01

Full Text Available The custom of offering jewels to representations of the sacred beings of Roman Catholicism, specially to statues of Mary, has resulted in the accumulation of truly artistic treasures in Spain's churches and shrines. The author examines the way these offerings begin, grow, wane, and die out by taking as instances those found at the shrines of Our Lady of Guadalupe (Cáceres and Our Lady of the Pillar (Saragossa. Besides calling attention to a body of first rate material for the study of Spanish jewelry —material which comes from Spain's colonies as well as from the mainland—, the paper shows, like many others, how an anthropological approach can come up with insights that art historians can only ignore at their peril.La costumbre de ofrecer joyas como exvoto, especialmente a las imágenes marianas, ha dado origen a la acumulación de auténticos tesoros en los santuarios. Se analiza aquí cómo nacen, se acrecientan, menguan y mueren estos conjuntos, tomando como ejemplos los santuarios de Guadalupe (Cáceres y el Pilar de Zaragoza. Se demuestra cómo, una vez más, la Antropología aporta elementos que no debe desdeñar la Historia del Arte, además de constituir un material de primer orden para el estudio de la joyería hispánica, al incluir piezas tanto peninsulares como coloniales.

La labor reconstructora de Francisco Somolinos en Langreo, Asturias: la iglesia parroquial de Santiago Apóstol = The Rebuilding Task of Francisco Somolinos in Langreo, Asturias: The Parish Church of Santiago Apostol

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Noelia Fernández García

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Después de la Guerra Civil, la arquitectura española estuvo regida por el estilo establecido por la Dirección General de Regiones Devastadas. A partir de este momento, en la construcción de los templos se recuperaron los historicismos más representativos de la historia del catolicismo, tales como serían el románico y el gótico, por ser considerados los adecuados para mostrar el espíritu de la Iglesia. Así, la iglesia parroquial de Santiago Apóstol, construida por Francisco Somolinos en el concejo asturiano de Langreo, resulta un ejemplo clave de la arquitectura religiosa de posguerra ya que evidencia claramente las nuevas formas de actuación arquitectónica durante el primer franquismo.After the Civil War, the style established by the so -called General Direction of Devastated Regions ruled Spanish architecture. Since that moment, the most representative historic styles of Catholicism were recovered for the construction of new churches, such as the Romanesque or the Gothic style, because they were considered as suitable to show the essence and spirit of the religious institution. Thus, Santiago Apóstol parish church, built by Francisco Somolinos in the council of Langreo, is a great example of post-war religious architecture because it shows the new architectural tendencies during the first years of Franco’s dictatorship.

Belief and Disbelief in the Space Between, 1914-1945

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Jean-Christophe MURAT

2011-03-01

Full Text Available Cet article s’intéresse au cheminement politique et spirituel de Douglas Hyde (1911-1996, du méthodisme au catholicisme en passant par le communisme, cheminement qui fait l’objet de son autobiographie, I Believed, publiée en 1950. Membre important du Parti communiste britannique entre 1928 et 1948, Hyde occupe une position dans l’histoire du communisme qui est à la fois typique et atypique. Son adhésion au Parti en 1928 représente une forme de « conversion » partagée par nombre de ses contemporains. Dans son propre cas, une telle démarche impliquait d’abord un rejet des valeurs non-conformistes de son milieu de naissance, à l’origine de sa décision initiale de devenir prêcheur. Malgré son implication active dans toutes les campagnes officielles, Hyde s’est cependant trouvé en décalage grandissant avec la ligne officielle du Parti. L’annonce de sa démission en 1948, consécutive à sa conversion au catholicisme, lui valut naturellement la haine de ses anciens camarades. Le triomphalisme quelque peu irritant des derniers chapitres de I Believed peut être interprété comme l’enthousiasme d’un converti tout à la joie de sa Révélation, mais aussi comme le signe que l’entreprise autobiographique de l’auteur n’était rien d’autre qu’un règlement de comptes avec le communisme.This article explores the political and spiritual journey of Douglas Hyde (1911-1996, from Methodism through communism to Roman Catholicism, as described in I Believed, his autobiography published in 1950. Hyde, a prominent member of the British Communist Party (CPGB from 1928 to 1948, occupies a position in the history of twentieth-century communism that is at once typical and unusual. His becoming a member of the Communist Party in 1928 represented a form of “going-over” shared by many young men and women of his generation. In his particular case, this meant turning his back on the middle-class nonconformist milieu he had

Católicos entre el mercado y el Estado: la calificación moral de películas por parte de la dirección central de cine y teatro de la acción católica argentina / Catholics between the Market and the State: the Moral Rating of Films by the Central Office of Film and Theatre of the Argentine Catholic Ac

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Fernando Ramírez Llorens

2016-08-01

moral appropriateness of attending the shows. We describe the work of the office, study the statistics of rating task and analyze forbidden films by the Office. The objective is to discuss rating criteria, their relationship with the film business and its influence on the state. Faced with the usual idea that the qualifiers automatically rejected everything that had to do with sex, the main hypothesis of this paper is that there are three major issues that drew the attention of the qualifiers: sex, religion, and politics, but the main issue was to consider how these subjects were addressed. Far from finding that members of the office banned everything that had to do with these three topics, we see that they acknowledged and even promoted controversial movies, when they considered that its content was moralizing. Thus, the task of the Office encouraged a debate about the social uses of cinematography that was articulated incomplex ways with the world of cinema and beyond the borders of Catholicism, strongly influencing development of official policies of cinematography control.Keywords: cinema, moral rating, censorship, Catholicism.

¿Primos o hermanos? Nacionalismo, integralismo y humanismo cristiano en la Argentina de los años sesenta

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José A. Zanca

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Les études consacrées à l'histoire du catholicisme argentin pendant le XXe siècle reposent sur l’idée selon laquelle il existerait une continuité «structurelle» allant de la Première Guerre mondiale aux années quatre-vingt. Cette continuité renverrait, d’une part, à la formation d'une identité profonde et intransigeante qui aurait catégoriquement rejeté la modernité et, d’autre part, à la diffusion dès les années trente du «mythe de la nation catholique». Dans ces études, Vatican II est considéré comme un «réarrangement» plutôt que comme un changement radical. Cet article revient donc sur ces théories, en y incorporant la tradition de l'humanisme chrétien afin de relier les évolutions du catholicisme avec le processus plus large de sécularisation sociale qui touche les sociétés contemporaines. En ce sens, cette étude interprète l'humanisme chrétien comme un «agent interne» de sécularisation, dans la mesure où ses pratiques et son discours ont progressivement diminué le pouvoir de l'autorité dans la culture religieuse.Studies on the history of the Catholicism in Argentina in the 20th century claim there were very few changes between the first postwar period and the1980s. Many of these studies state that, in spite of the change of discourse, there was an intransigent matrix that openly rejected modernity. In the 1930’s, that rejection was expressed by the «myth of the Catholic nation». Furthermore, these interpretations consider Council Vatican II as a «rearrangement» rather than as a radical change. This article tries to debate these ideas, through the analysis of the tradition of Christian Humanism. Our goal is to link the changes within Catholicism with the process of social secularization. In this sense, this work considers Christian humanism as «an internal agent of secularization», as its practices and discourse allowed the decrease of the importance of authority in the religious

Marina Caffiero (Hg.: Rubare le anime. Roma: Viella 2008

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Rita Unfer Lukoschik

2009-07-01

Full Text Available In den Akten des päpstlichen Staatsarchivs und der römischen jüdischen Gemeinde finden sich zeitgenössische Zeugnisse für die im päpstlichen Rom vom 16. bis zum 19. Jahrhundert nicht seltene Zwangskonvertierung jüdischer Mädchen und Frauen zum Katholizismus. Eines der wertvollsten Dokumente dieser Konversionspraxis liegt nunmehr in einer kommentierten Neuedition vor: das Tagebuch der 1749 sich erfolgreich der versuchten Zwangskonvertierung widersetzenden 18-jährigen Anna del Monte. In ihrer Einleitung ordnet die Herausgeberin Marina Caffiero dieses außergewöhliche Einzelschicksal in die zeitgleich und parallel laufenden Assimilations- und Emanzipationsprozesse ein, die sich in der mit aufklärerischem Gedankengut ‚infizierten‘ jüdischen Oberschicht Roms im 18. Jahrhundert abzeichneten.Contemporary reports on the forced conversion of Jewish girls and woman to Catholicism, not a rare occurrence in papal Rome from the 16th to the 19th centuries, can be found in the files of the official papal archive and the Roman Jewish community. One of the most valuable documents of this conversion practice has now been published in a new annotation edition: The diary of 18-year-old Anna del Monte, who was able to successfully resist the attempted forced conversion in 1749. In her introduction the editor Marina Caffiero places this extraordinary individual fate within the concurrent and parallel processes of assimilation and emancipation. These emerge in 18th century Rome’s Jewish upper class, which was “infected” with Enlightenment ideas.

Geology and religion in Portugal

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Carneiro, Ana; Simoes, Ana; Diogo, Maria Paula; Mota, Teresa Salomé

2013-01-01

This paper addresses the relationship between geology and religion in Portugal by focusing on three case studies of naturalists who produced original research and lived in different historical periods, from the eighteenth to the twentieth century. Whereas in non-peripheral European countries religious themes and even controversies between science and religion were dealt with by scientists and discussed in scientific communities, in Portugal the absence of a debate between science and religion within scientific and intellectual circles is particularly striking. From the historiographic point of view, in a country such as Portugal, where Roman Catholicism is part of the religious and cultural tradition, the influence of religion in all aspects of life has been either taken for granted by those less familiar with the national context or dismissed by local intellectuals, who do not see it as relevant to science. The situation is more complex than these dichotomies, rendering the study of this question particularly appealing from the historiographic point of view, geology being by its very nature a well-suited point from which to approach the theme. We argue that there is a long tradition of independence between science and religion, agnosticism and even atheism among local elites. Especially from the eighteenth century onwards, they are usually portrayed as enlightened minds who struggled against religious and political obscurantism. Religion—or, to be more precise, the Roman Catholic Church and its institutions—was usually identified with backwardness, whereas science was seen as the path to progress; consequently men of science usually dissociated their scientific production from religious belief.

The Religious Identities and Social Stucture of Bosnia-Herzegovina

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Nebojša Šavija-Valha

2009-06-01

Full Text Available This paper analyzes the structural preconditions of articulation of religious identities in Bosnia-Herzegovina from the historical perspective. These have been produced by the processes of Christianization and Islamization at the intersection of heterogeneous origin of Bosnian-Herzegovinian population, the influence of paganism and folk beliefs, and the geopolitical situation on the border line between the great empires. Due to the influence of these factors, these processes have never been successful in encompassing the entire population, which has always been divided among several simultaneously co-existing religious institutions: Catholicism, Christian Orthodoxy, the Bosnian Church and Islam. Through the institution of Millet, allowing its subjects relative cultural and social freedoms within their religious communities, the Ottoman Empire provides the communities with preconditions for ethnic modelling, but also for “political” articulation. The interplay of these agents has provided a base for interaction among the religious groups, which can be seen at two complementary levels: the vertical one, “the political”, ruled by hierarchical and discriminative relations; and the lateral one, “the social”, which is a sphere of egalitarian trans- and inter-ethnic social practices. Both levels have their religious aspects: at the first, it is about institutionalized religions; at the second, about “folk” religion, a syncretism of pre-Christian tradition and Christian and Islamic elements. Hence, religion has been acting in a totalizing way in Bosnian-Herzegovinian society, appearing both as a primary repertoire of symbolic elements and as a basic mechanism of further group identifications – ethnic and national.

From Ethical Exceptionalism to Ethical Exceptions: The Rule and exception Model and the Changing Meaning of Ethics In German Bioregulation.

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Braun, Kathrin

2017-12-01

Germany is an interesting case with respect to the governance of reprogenetics. It has a strong profile in the technosciences and high aims regarding the global bioeconomy, yet her regulation of human genetics, reproductive medicine and embryo research has for a long time been rather restrictive. German biopolitical exceptionalism has often been explained by reference to Catholicism and the legacy of the Nazi past. The Germans, so goes the common story, have learnt the lessons of history and translated them into unconditional respect for human dignity, which in turn translates into unconditional protection of human life, including the human embryo, and the firm repudiation of any eugenic distinction between 'life worth to live' and 'life not worth to live'. This, however, is not the whole story. Alongside deontological strictness we find another strand of governing body politics and reprogenetics in Germany, the rule-and-exception model, running from the mid-1970s abortion law via the 2002 Stem Cell Act to the 2011 regulation of pre-implantation genetic diagnosis. In contrast to the former, that strongly draws on Kant and his concept of human dignity, the latter bears resemblances to Carl Schmitt's concept of state of exception. The article will show that the rule-and-exception model builds the exception into the rule and transforms the meaning and mandate of ethics, namely from safeguarding ethical standards to deciding about the exception. Given that the exception has now tended to become the rule, the question is whether the lessons of history will govern German reprogenetics for much longer. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

"Natural family planning": effective birth control supported by the Catholic Church.

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Ryder, R E

1993-01-01

During 20-22 September Manchester is to host the 1993 follow up to last year's "earth summit" in Rio de Janeiro. At that summit the threat posed by world overpopulation received considerable attention. Catholicism was perceived as opposed to birth control and therefore as a particular threat. This was based on the notion that the only method of birth control approved by the church--natural family planning--is unreliable, unacceptable, and ineffective. In the 20 years since E L Billings and colleagues first described the cervical mucus symptoms associated with ovulation natural family planning has incorporated these symptoms and advanced considerably. Ultrasonography shows that the symptoms identify ovulation precisely. According to the World Health Organisation, 93% of women everywhere can identify the symptoms, which distinguish adequately between the fertile and infertile phases of the menstrual cycle. Most pregnancies during trials of natural family planning occur after intercourse at times recognised by couples as fertile. Thus pregnancy rates have depended on the motivation of couples. Increasingly studies show that rates equivalent to those with other contraceptive methods are readily achieved in the developed and developing worlds. Indeed, a study of 19,843 poor women in India had a pregnancy rate approaching zero. Natural family planning is cheap, effective, without side effects, and may be particularly acceptable to the efficacious among people in areas of poverty. Images p724-a p724-b p724-c p724-d p724-e p724-f p724-g PMID:8401097

A Qualitative Inquiry into the Mediating Role of Religion and Spirituality in Adjusting Marital Relationships of Infertile Women

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Robab Latifnejad Roudsari

2013-07-01

Full Text Available Background and Aim: Despite growing body of literature regarding marital adjustment of infertile women, to our knowledge, there is no study to address the role of religious and spiritual beliefs in adjusting marital relationships in infertile women. Considering the significance of marital cohesiveness and commitment in the long and stressful journey of infertile women, this study was designed to explore how marital relationships are experienced by infertile women who affiliated to different religious faiths.Methods: A group of 30 infertile women affiliated to different denominations of Christianity (Protestantism, Catholicism, Orthodoxies and Islam (Shiite and Sunni were interviewed. The design was a grounded theory study including semi structured in-depth interviews. Data were collected in one Iranian and two UK fertility clinics through theoretical sampling and analyzed using Strauss and Corbin’s mode of grounded theory. Results: Religious infertile women using a religious/spiritual meaning-making framework tried adjust their marital relationships through going the following phases: being optimistic and positive, having supportive relationships, being grateful and appreciated for their marital life, offering spiritual sympathy and adopting religious role models. These strategies aided infertile women to be more understanding, sympathetic and gentle towards maintaining the family cohesion.Conclusion: I argue that awareness of health professionals of the potential ways in which religion and spirituality assist infertile women to deal with their marital issues could be important. This knowledge will help them to support emotional wholeness and integrity of infertile women, offering religious and spiritual coping strategies which can help adjusting their marital relationships.  

Medical and neuropsychiatric phenomena depicted in two Spanish medieval texts of Marian miracles.

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de Assis Aquino Gondim, Francisco; Bastante, Pamela; Gondim, Wilcar Cavalcante; Filha, Joana Gurgel Holanda; Thomas, Florian P

2018-03-01

In the history of Christianity, veneration of the Virgin Mary reached its greatest intensity in the XIII century. Her perceived impact on daily life was tremendous and not surprisingly this extended to the spheres of disease and healing. The purpose of this study is to compare the medical and neuropsychiatric findings in two XIII century Spanish texts of Marian miracles, both examples of the popular Catholicism (vs. official catholic doctrine). We analyzed the medical and neuropsychiatric events in the Cantigas de Santa Maria (Canticles of St. Mary, CSM), composed at the court of Alfonso X and the Milagros de Nuestra Señora (The Miracles of Our Lady, MNS), written by Gonzalo de Berceo. Among the 25 miracles reported in the MNS, medically relevant facts were addressed in 19 miracles with a total of 23 recorded events (including resurrection or escape from death in five) and demonic possession in three (one with witchcraft/deicide). The most common medical subjects were ergotism, obstetric-gynecological, sudden death, intellectual disability/illiteracy, encephalopathy/alcohol intoxication, suicide (with self-mutilation/castration), infanticide, infections, and absence of body decomposition after death. The 427 canticles in the CSM contain 270 medically relevant facts. Neuropsychiatric conditions were alluded to in 98 songs. Blindness and dystonia/weakness/deformities were the most common phenomena. Illuminations detailed many of the medical facts in the CSM, but not in the MNS. Medically relevant facts were described in both texts, but with more details in the CSM. Neurological conditions were more often described in the CSM, psychiatric conditions in the MNS.

Religious factors associated with alcohol involvement: results from the Mauritian Joint Child Health Project.

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Luczak, Susan E; Prescott, Carol A; Dalais, Cyril; Raine, Adrian; Venables, Peter H; Mednick, Sarnoff A

2014-02-01

The purpose of this study was to examine religious factors associated with alcohol involvement in Mauritius. The three main religions on the island, Hinduism, Catholicism, and Islam, promote different views of the appropriate use of alcohol. Based on reference group theory, we hypothesized that both the content of a religion's alcohol norms and an individual's religious commitment would relate to alcohol use behavior. Participants were from the Joint Child Health Project, a longitudinal study that has followed a birth cohort of 1.795 individuals since 1972 when they were 3 years old. All available participants (67%; 55% male) were assessed in mid-adulthood on religious variables, lifetime drinking, and lifetime alcohol use disorders. Across religions, individuals who viewed their religion as promoting abstinence were less likely to be drinkers. Religious commitment was associated with reduced probability of drinking only in those who viewed their religion as promoting abstinence. Among drinkers, abstention norms and religious commitment were not associated with lower likelihood of alcohol use disorders. In Catholics who viewed their religion as promoting abstinence and still were drinkers, high religious commitment was associated with increased risk for alcohol use disorders. Predictions based on reference group theory were largely supported, with religious norms and commitment differentially related to alcohol use and problems both across religions and among individuals within religions. Findings highlight the importance of examining multiple aspects of religion to better understand the relationship of religion with alcohol behaviors. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

El Socialista versus El debate (Enero-Septiembre 1933

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Arbeloa, Víctor Manuel

2014-06-01

Full Text Available The author analyzes the first nine months of 1933 breakthrough year, and leave the judgment to the reader, the opinions and attitudes of two principal Spanish media-The Debate-Socialist and service, respectively, of the PSOE and the CEDA, concerning the Left and the Right, Socialism and political Catholicism, Fascism and Nazism, the socialist revolution, which is prepared in Spain, Orders and religious Congregations, whose law is discussed in Parliament, the “eternal issues” of the Spanish anticlericalism-antieclesialism: God, Jesus, the Church, the Pope, the bishops, clergy, Catholics...La lectura de El Socialista y de El Debate permite conocer mejor y interpretar las posiciones de la izquierda y de la derecha, del socialismo y del catolicismo político, entre enero y septiembre de 1933. En esos meses, se produce el ascenso del fascismo y del nazismo y un giro en la estrategia de la izquierda. La posición de la Santa Sede ante el Gobierno de México, reforzó la opción legalista de los católicos que dieron su sufragio a la CEDA. La línea de cada uno de los dos diarios, la confrontación entre ellos, enmarca y da fondo al bloque de los trabajos legislativos, a la solución de la crisis de junio, con la salida del Partido Radical, a la dimisión de Manuel Azaña en septiembre y a la convocatoria de elecciones legislativas, que dan paso a una nueva situación política.

Sexuality education in Brazil.

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Suplicy, M

1994-01-01

The development of a comprehensive program of sex education in Brazilian schools is described in the context of Brazil's culture and traditions such as the Carnival. The influence of Catholicism is explored as is the effect of the behavioral restrictions called for by scientists concerned about sexually transmitted diseases. The Brazilian response to homosexuality is described, and the emergence of a public discussion of sexuality in the media is traced. It is noted that improvements in the status of women have been held in check by a public ridicule of feminism and by the strength of the traditional patriarchal structures which dominate the culture. With this picture given of how the issue of sexuality fits into Brazilian life, the 1980s initiative on the part of the Work and Research Group for Sex Education is described. Opposition to this effort has largely taken the form of passive resistance; even the Catholic Church has not officially protested the sex education program. Details are provided about 1) the selection of teachers, teacher training, and weekly supervisory teacher meetings; 2) the way in which parental permission for student participation was gained; 3) the implementation of the program; 4) the successes achieved; and 5) the difficulties encountered. Finally, it is noted that plans were made to expand the sex education project from the Sao Paulo area to 6 additional large cities in 1994. Also planned is the publication of the Brazilian Guidelines for Comprehensive Sexuality which will explain the sex education methodology and be extremely valuable in the establishment of new projects.

«No es la religión de Cristo». La figura de Jesús de Nazaret en el socialismo español hasta 1936

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Joseba Louzao Villar

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Cet article analyse l'image de Jésus de Nazareth que produit le socialisme espagnol entre la fin du XIXe et le début du XXe siècles, dans des journaux tels que El Socialista et La Lucha de Clases et différents ouvrages de référence. Jusque dans les années trente, le socialisme a présenté la figure de Jésus comme un antécédent du socialisme. C’est pour cette raison qu’elle est devenue un élément central dans le conflit normatif entre le catholicisme et la laïcité.This article will explore the image of Jesus of Nazareth in Spanish socialism in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, through its publications (El Socialista or La Lucha de Clases and books. Until the thirties, socialism discussed this religious figure as an antecedent of socialism. For this reason, the image of Jesus became a central element of the anticlericals complaints within the normative conflict between catholicism and laicism.Este artículo analiza la imagen de Jesús de Nazaret en el socialismo español entre finales de siglo XIX e inicios del XX, a través de sus publicaciones (El Socialista o La Lucha de Clases y libros. Hasta la década de los treinta, el socialismo debatió sobre este personaje religioso como antecedente del socialismo. Por eso mismo, la imagen de Jesús se convirtió en un elemento central de las denuncias anticlericales dentro del conflicto normativo entre catolicismo y laicismo.

OS “PASTORES GUERREIROS”: JESUÍTAS, CATOLICISMO E HISTÓRIA NO PENSAMENTO MONARQUISTA-CATÓLICO (Dossiê: História, Política e Intelectuais

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Flávio Raimundo Giarola

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Em 1896, foi realizado em São Paulo, por um grupo de monarquistas-católicos, as comemorações do Tricentenário de Anchieta. O evento consolidou a presença dos membros da Companhia de Jesus como ícones do pensamento nacional destes intelectuais. Vistos como efetivadores da colonização na América Portuguesa, os jesuítas representavam, para os restauradores, a participação singular da Igreja Católica na formação do Brasil. Em suas origens, a nação é interpretada como uma iniciativa do catolicismo que, através da ferramenta da catequese, implantou as bases para o surgimento de uma civilização cristã, que frutificou no Novo Mundo até a ruptura republicana, em 1889. Palavras-Chave: monarquistas-católicos; jesuítas; catolicismoAbstract: In 1896, was held in São Paulo, by a group of royalist and Catholics intellectuals, the celebrations of III Anchieta’s centennial. The event consolidated the presence of the Society of Jesus as an icon of national thought these intellectuals. Seen as consolidators of Portugal colonization in America, the Jesuits represented the exceptional participation of the Catholic Church in Brazilian formation. In the rise of nation, Brazil is interpreted as a Catholic initiative that, by the catechesis, implemented the bases for emergence of a Christian civilization, which grew in the New World until the Republican break in 1889. Keywords: Royalist-Catholics; Jesuits; Catholicism Recebido em: 29/08/2014 – Aceito em 10/11/2014

Domínios diferenciados e refluxos identitários: o pensamento católico “antimoderno” no Brasil

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Rodrigo Coppe Caldeira

2009-05-01

Full Text Available Este artigo tem como objetivo visualizar a formação de um grupo católico brasileiro, o grupo que se forma em torno de Plínio Corrêa de Oliveira e sua suposta identidade “antimoderna”. Além de buscar rapidamente circunscrever o conceito de modernidade e historicizar sobre a gênese do grupo e de suas principais idéias, aponta algumas possibilidades teóricas para a leitura do aspecto identitário. O texto reflete pesquisa de mestrado intitulada “Entre a verdade e a sedução: um estudo sobre a inflexão católica ‘antimoderna’ no Brasil”, que está sendo realizado junto ao Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência da Religião da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora.Palavras-chave: Modernidade; Catolicismo; Identidade.ABSTRACTThis article aims at visualising the formation of a Brazilian catholic group, that around Plínio Corrêa de Oliveira and his alleged ‘anti-modern’ identity. After a brief consideration of the concept of modernity and a short background of the group formation and its main ideas, it also points out some theoretical possibilities of reading the identity feature. The text results from a Master’s Degree research work entitled ‘Between truth and seduction: a study of the “anti-modern” catholic inflection in Brazil’, developed in the Programme of Postgraduate Studies of Religion Science in the Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (Federal University of Juiz de Fora, State of Minas Gerais.Key words: Modernity; Catholicism; Identity.

La identidad religiosa en el humanismo bíblico español: Pedro de Valencia y la integración judía e islámica

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Nieto Ibáñez, Jesús M.ª

2015-06-01

Full Text Available The work of the humanist Pedro de Valencia belongs to “biblical humanism”. Religion and politics are inseparable in the work of this author. In the sixteenth century, a part of the population in Spain still subscribed to Jewish or Islamic thought. The Spanish church was making a huge effort at the time to integrate within the traditional Catholicism converts from these two communities. In this conflict the justifications of religious identity in various writings of Pedro de Valencia can be located. The common denominator of the writings discussed is summarized in the idea of religious unity of Conversos and Moriscos under the authority of the king in response to the conflicts in the Spain of the time.La obra del humanista Pedro de Valencia pertenece al «humanismo biblista». Religión y política son inseparables en este autor. En la España del siglo XVI existía todavía una parte de la población que pensaba en clave judía o bien en clave islámica. La iglesia española del momento estaba haciendo un esfuerzo enorme por integrar dentro del catolicismo tradicional a los conversos de estas dos comunidades. En este conflicto se enmarcan las justificaciones de la identidad religiosa en varios escritos de Pedro de Valencia. El común denominador de los escritos comentados se resume en la idea de la unidad religiosa de judeoconversos y moriscos bajo la autoridad del rey como respuesta a los conflictos de la España de la época.

Unveiling Cebuano Traditional Healing Practices

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ZachiaRaiza Joy S. Berdon

2016-02-01

Full Text Available This study aims to identify the features of Cebuano’s traditional healing practices. Specifically, it also answers the following objectives: analyze traditional healing in Cebuano’s perspectives, explain the traditional healing process practiced in terms of the traditional healers’ belief, and extrapolate perceptions of medical practitioners toward traditional healing. This study made use of qualitative approach, among five traditional healers who performed healing for not less than ten years, in the mountain barangays of Cebu City. These healers served as the primary informants who were selected because of their popularity in healing. The use of open-ended interview in local dialect and naturalistic observation provided a free listing of their verbatim accounts were noted and as primary narratives. Participation in the study was voluntary and participants were interviewed privately after obtaining their consent. The Cebuano traditional healing practices or “panambal” comprise the use of “himolso” (pulse-checking, “palakaw” (petition, “pasubay” (determining what causes the sickness and its possible means of healing, “pangalap” (searching of medicinal plants for “palina” (fumigation, “tayhop” (gentle-blowing, “tutho” (saliva-blowing,“tuob” (boiling, “orasyon” (mystical prayers, “hilot” (massage, and “barang” (sorcery. Though traditional with medical science disapproval, it contributes to a mystical identity of Cebuano healers, as a manifestation of folk Catholicism belief, in order to do a good legacy to the community that needs help. For further study, researchers may conduct further the studies on the: curative effects of medicinal plants in Cebu, psychological effect pulsechecking healed persons by the mananambal, and unmasking the other features of traditional healing.

Desponta novo ator no campo religioso brasileiro? O Padre Cícero Romão Batista

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Pierre Sanchis

2007-12-01

Full Text Available É em torno dos vários sentidos possíveis do qualificativo de "popular" que gira a problemática deste artigo. A figura carismática do Pe. Cícero Romão Batista, patriarca de Juazeiro, integra de há muito o panteão da devoção popular de milhões de romeiros, mas era objeto até hoje de amplas reservas no seio da Igreja oficial. O momento parece ser de revisão destas perspectivas. A reabilitação institucional do "padrinho" pode estar em curso. Pergunta-se aqui em que medida e com que condições esta transformação da sua imagem pode confluir com certa metamorfose do que se convencionou chamar de "Igreja Popular", de modo a dotar inesperadamente de novo ícone o catolicismo brasileiro em seu conjunto.The discussion presented in this paper turns around the several possible meanings of the qualifying adjective "popular". The charismatic figure of Father Cícero Romão Batista, Juazeiro's patriarch, has belonged, for many decades, to the pantheon of popular devotion of millions of pilgrims, but it is nevertheless still regarded with strong reserve inside the official Church. At the moment, it seems that this official position is being reviewed. An institutional rehabilitation of the "godfather" may well being under way. This being the case, the paper asks if, to what extent and under what conditions, can this transformation of Father Cícero's image flow together with certain metamorphosis of what has been named "Popular Church", so as to endow, even though unexpectedly, the Brazilian Catholicism with a new icon.

(Reconstruyendo la identidad musical española: el jazz y el discurso cultural del franquismo durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial

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Iván Iglesias

2011-01-01

Full Text Available La victoria del general Franco en la Guerra Civil, en abril de 1939, proporcionó a su régimen la legitimidad para emprender la reconstrucción identitaria de España bajo los preceptos de la tradición, el nacionalismo y el catolicismo. La música ocupó un destacado lugar en la articulación de esa imagen, como parte integrante de la cultura y la raza españolas y como medio de información y persuasión. Este artículo analiza el papel del jazz como referente simbólico y como práctica musical en la propaganda de la dictadura franquista hasta 1945, en relación con las condiciones ideológicas y materiales de España y los avatares de la Segunda Guerra Mundial.   Palabras Clave: España, franquismo, Segunda Guerra Mundial, propaganda, Estados Unidos, música, jazz___________________________Abstract:General Franco’s victory in the Civil War, in April 1939, provided to his regime the legitimacy to tackle the reconstruction of the Spanish identity under the rules of tradition, nationalism and Catholicism. Music occupied a prominent place in the articulation of this image, as an integral part of the Spanish culture and race and as a means of information and persuasion. This article examines the role of jazz as symbolic reference and musical practice in the propaganda of the Francoist dictatorship until 1945, in relation to the ideological and material conditions of Spain and the changes of the Second World War.Keywords: Spain, Francoism, Second World War, propaganda, United States, music, jazz

(Reconstruyendo la identidad musical española: el jazz y el discurso cultural del franquismo durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial

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Iván Iglesias

2010-01-01

Full Text Available La victoria del general Franco en la Guerra Civil, en abril de 1939, proporcionó a su régimen la legitimidad para emprender la reconstrucción identitaria de España bajo los preceptos de la tradición, el nacionalismo y el catolicismo. La música ocupó un destacado lugar en la articulación de esa imagen, como parte integrante de la cultura y la raza españolas y como medio de información y persuasión. Este artículo analiza el papel del jazz como referente simbólico y como práctica musical en la propaganda de la dictadura franquista hasta 1945, en relación con las condiciones ideológicas y materiales de España y los avatares de la Segunda Guerra Mundial.   Palabras Clave: España, franquismo, Segunda Guerra Mundial, propaganda, Estados Unidos, música, jazz___________________________Abstract:General Franco’s victory in the Civil War, in April 1939, provided to his regime the legitimacy to tackle the reconstruction of the Spanish identity under the rules of tradition, nationalism and Catholicism. Music occupied a prominent place in the articulation of this image, as an integral part of the Spanish culture and race and as a means of information and persuasion. This article examines the role of jazz as symbolic reference and musical practice in the propaganda of the Francoist dictatorship until 1945, in relation to the ideological and material conditions of Spain and the changes of the Second World War.Keywords: Spain, Francoism, Second World War, propaganda, United States, music, jazz

Portuguese crypto-Jews: the genetic heritage of a complex history

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Nogueiro, Inês; Teixeira, João C.; Amorim, António; Gusmão, Leonor; Alvarez, Luis

2015-01-01

The first documents mentioning Jewish people in Iberia are from the Visigothic period. It was also in this period that the first documented anti-Judaic persecution took place. Other episodes of persecution would happen again and again during the long troubled history of the Jewish people in Iberia and culminated with the Decrees of Expulsion and the establishment of the Inquisition: some Jews converted to Catholicism while others resisted and were forcedly baptized, becoming the first Iberian Crypto-Jews. In the 18th century the official discrimination and persecution carried out by the Inquisition ended and several Jewish communities emerged in Portugal. From a populational genetics point of view, the worldwide Diaspora of contemporary Jewish communities has been intensely studied. Nevertheless, very little information is available concerning Sephardic and Iberian Crypto-Jewish descendants. Data from the Iberian Peninsula, the original geographic source of Sephardic Jews, is limited to two populations in Portugal, Belmonte, and Bragança district, and the Chueta community from Mallorca. Belmonte was the first Jewish community studied for uniparental markers. The construction of a reference model for the history of the Portuguese Jewish communities, in which the genetic and classical historical data interplay dynamically, is still ongoing. Recently an enlarged sample covering a wide region in the Northeast Portugal was undertaken, allowing the genetic profiling of male and female lineages. A Jewish specific shared female lineage (HV0b) was detected between the community of Belmonte and Bragança. In contrast to what was previously described as a hallmark of the Portuguese Jews, an unexpectedly high polymorphism of lineages was found in Bragança, showing a surprising resistance to the erosion of genetic diversity typical of small-sized isolate populations, as well as signs of admixture with the Portuguese host population. PMID:25699075

Professional 'imperialism' and resistance: Social Work in the Filippines

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Jem Price

2013-12-01

Full Text Available The sociology of professions has traditionally attempted to increase our understanding of categorisations of different occupations by reference to taxonomic hierarchies, as well as the identification and exploration of characteristics that warrant 'professional status'. In may cases, this explorations take the forms of historical accounts of professional activity. Rarely, however, has the literature on professions explored processes of professionalization in devoliping, post-colonial contexts. This article contributes to this body of literature in the study of professions in a number of ways. Firstly, it 'maps' the growth of social work in the Filippines, placing this account within a broader discussions of social work as an internationality activity (Harrison & Melville, 2010; Lyons, 2006 and identifying some of the key forms and features of social work in the Filippines. Consideration is given to the degree of professionalisation of social work within the country by exploring professional organisation, regulation and education.  In doing this, the article offers a critical overview of the nature and preoccupations of social work in the Filippines and celebrates the invaluable contributions it makes to the country and its people. The article argue that the forms social work takes and the settings in wich it happens reflect both contemporay societal and environmental factors as well as the global development of social work.  In this sense, the article considers the impact of Roman Catholicism as well as the orientation of social work in relation to some enduring tensions and debates around the profession's purpose and potential. Key to the professional forms that social work takes in the Filippines is the contribution of 'indigenous' social work knowledge base wich is explored, alongside a comentary on social work education and training in the country. 

Elaboración de la imagen de Miguel Primo de Rivera en "El Debate" y "Arriba"

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Ángel M. Varas Carrasco

1998-01-01

Full Text Available El estudio de la prensa escrita constituye una herramienta esencial para las investigaciones sobre la opinión pública en la Historia Contemporánea. Dentro de tan vasto territorio resulta de suma importancia conocer los mecanismos de fabricación de las imágenes políticas entendidas como hitos básicos en la configuración de la memoria histórica. El análisis de tales mecanismos, sometidos al devenir histórico, como consecuencia y causa del mismo, permite arrojar luz tanto sobre las señas de identidad de los grupos políticos como sobre sus comportamientos tácticos en circunstancias históricas concretas. De esta forma, analizar la imagen política de tiñiguel Primo de Rivera elaborada por "El Debate» y "Arriba», respectivamente, abre sugerentes vías de investigación sobre el catolicismo social y el fascismo en España.The study of the written press constitutes an essential tool for investigations inte public opinión in Contemporary History. With such a vast territory, it is of principal importance to understand the mechanisms of production of political images as basic criteria in the creation of historical memory. The analysis of such mechanisms, which becomes historical as a consequences and cause of itself, allows us to shed light on the sense of identity of the political groups as well as their tactical behaviour in concrete historical circumstances. In this way, the political image of Miguel Primo de Rivera as seen by «El Debate» y "Arriba», respectively, can be analized and lead to paths of investigation on Social Catholicism and Fascism in Spain.

DOGMA AND ANTINOMY IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF SERGEY BULGAKOV

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Natalya Vaganova

2013-08-01

Full Text Available This article examines the thought of Bulgakov as regards the dogmatic formulation of the council of Chalcedon as well as his thoughts on the Holy Eucharist. The author wishes to describe the difficult path which Bulgakov followed to arrive at his understanding of the most fundamental points of Christian doctrine and during the course of which he was initially fascinated and later disenchanted by Roman Catholicism. This rather short period, usually known by the name of the Crimean Philosophy of Bulgakov, is one of the key moments in the whole of his activity and provided the final impetus for his turn to Sophiology. The author of this article describes how the return of Bulgakov to Russian Orthodoxy was accompanied by the philosopher’s rediscovery of Sophiology. Sophiology was interpreted by Bulgakov as relieving the existing antinomy between two opposing principles in both the mystery of the Eucharist and the mystery of the Incarnation, between the divine and the mortal. The problem of the consecration of the holy gifts was met and resolved by Bulgakov in the domain of Christology and more precisely in the doctrine of the body of Christ: the earthly or material body and the glorifi ed body, the reality of Christ’s body up until the Resurrection and after the Resurrection. This teaching about the relationship between the two realities of the corporality of Christ was little studied in Orthodoxy Theology before Bulgakov. It was interpreted by Bulgakov in the light of his Sophiology: the Incarnation as the absolute realization in human form of the divine sophiological prototype. The author of this article concludes that Bulgakov’s use of Sophiology provided him with a way to oppose and overcome Kant’s transcendentalism. Thus, it became one of the major facets of Russian Philosophy

A invenção da ordem: intelectuais católicos no Brasil Inventing order: catholic intellectuals in Brazil

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Fernando Antonio Pinheiro Filho

2007-06-01

Full Text Available O trabalho investiga a gênese social e as características da emergência de uma experiência intelectual diretamente ligada à propagação da doutrina católica, que se configurou no Brasil entre as décadas de 1920 e 1940. A análise centra-se na atividade do Centro Dom Vital e da revista A Ordem, órgãos que expressam a militância política e cultural de Jackson de Figueiredo, principal líder laico do movimento. Em seguida, procura compreender como se dá a aproximação de artistas e literatos que incorporam o catolicismo como tema e forma de suas produções no interior dos círculos modernistas, a partir da análise da trajetória da tríade formada por Ismael Nery, Jorge de Lima e Murilo Mendes, que lograram inscrever sua produção no pólo mais dinâmico das realizações do período.The work investigates the social genesis and characteristics of the emergence of an intellectual experience directly linked to the propagation of Catholic doctrine, which took shape in Brazil between the 1920s and 1940s. The analysis centres on the activity of the Dom Vital Centre and the magazine A Ordem, entities which expressed the political and cultural militancy of Jackson de Figueiredo, the movement's main lay leader. The text then looks to comprehend the approximation of artists and literary figures who incorporated Catholicism as both the theme and form of their productions within modernist circles, basing its analysis of the trajectory of the triad formed by Ismael Nery, Jorge de Lima and Murilo Mendes, who succeeded in including their production in the period's most dynamic pole of artistic activity.

ISLAM AND ARAT SABULUNGAN IN MENTAWAI

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Maskota Delfi

2013-12-01

Full Text Available The remoteness of the Mentawai Islands has contributed to an almost autonomous development, unaided by mainland Sumatra. As a result of a well endowed environment and supported by staple local foods such as sago, taro and bananas, as well as an abundance of wildlife including wild boars, a finely tuned self-sufficiency was realised. In this space the management and distribution of food, including animal protein, is an important aspect of the culture of Arat Sabulungan. As the result of the compulsory state sanctioned religions program introduced in 1954, some Mentawaians have converted to Islam or Catholicism as their formal religious identity. However, a remarkable adaptation occured in which the layers of Mentawai identity were not lost in the adaption to the Islamic faith. Islam with its teachings, and other formal religions, are considered as  the sasareu (outsiders. The prohibition of consuming boar as part of islamic rules is a sasareu rules that contradict to Mentawaian Arat .[Kepulauan Mentawai yang terisolasi telah berkembang secara mandiri tanpa bantuan dari pulau induknya, Sumatra. Lingkungan yang subur dan mendukung ketersediaan sumber makanan pokok lokal seperti sagu, talas, dan pisang serta berlimpahnya satwa liar, termasuk babi hutan, telah mendorong terciptanya swasembada pangan. Manajemen dan distribusi makanan merupakan aspek penting dalam jalinan budaya dan sistem kepercayaan local, Arat Sabulungan. Sebagai hasil dari kebijakan pemerintah untuk menerapkan agama resmi bagi orang Mentawai pada tahun 1954, orang Mentawai kemudian masuk Islam atau Katolik. Namun demikian, adaptasi yang luar biasa juga terjadi, sehingga lapisan-lapisan identitas Mentawai tidak hilang dalam adaptasinya dengan keyakinan Islam. Islam dengan ajaran-ajarannya, juga agama-agama dunia lainnya, dipandang sebagai ajaran asing. Larangan mengkonsumsi daging babi sebagai bagian dari ajaran Islam, misalnya, dipandang sebagai ajaran asing yang bertentangan

Regulation of Islamic art in confessional policy of Catherine II (on materials of the Tyumen region

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Yulia A. Bortnikova

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Prevention of the religious conflicts and Islamic extremism, education of confessional tolerance, – these and other questions became the most actual political and scientific problem now. Art reflects outlook of people and is an ideological lever on society. In article the policy on use of Islamic art for education of confessional tolerance is analyzed. This policy began by Catherine II in 1773, had the content of reform and extended on religious art and architecture of all gentiles in the Russian Empire. Article is written on the basis of materials of the Central historical archive of the Republic of Bashkortostan and exhibits of the museums. The Tyumen region (the South of the modern Tyumen region was an optimum basis for carrying out this policy because of the mixed option of Islam which arose there. Muslim art included a complex of the subjects intended for execution of a religious cult. It reflected elements of Shamanism and Tengriism, and after carrying out reform – Judaism and Christianity. Thus, at it there were forms and images of all religions of the Tyumen region. Syncretism of Islamic art was shown in a typology of cult objects, their ornament and mission. The most unusual phenomenon was existence of a religious sculpture which was forbidden in Islam and Orthodoxy, but existed in both religions, and also in Catholicism, Tengriism and Shamanism. In article ways of impact on Muslim art which were used by the Orenburg Mohammedan spiritual meeting are considered. It didn't interfere in preservation of religious syncretism, and also executed orders of the government on Christianization of Islamic art. Authors come to a conclusion that reform carried lines of policy of multiculturalism for gentiles.

El nacionalismo argentino en los años de plomo: la revista Cabildo y el proceso de reorganización nacional (1976-1983

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Saborido, Jorge

2005-06-01

Full Text Available The paper proposes a revision of the discourse and practice of the National Catholicism in the Argentine Republic during the last military dictatorship, the self called “Proceso de Reorganización Nacional”, through its print means, the Cabildo magazine. This paper analyses the trajectory of the magazine, since its initial support to the military forces -under the condition for the military forces to set in motion the “national revolution”- to the increasingly hard criticism as far as the militaries in the government were not willing to carry out the revolution promoted in the magazine. In addition, the paper shows how the military occupation of the Falkland Islands —one of the main nationalistic claims— facilitated a short period of closer relation between the magazine and the military forces, something that concluded with the Argentine defeat in the South Atlantic War.

El trabajo propone una revisión del pensamiento y el accionar del nacionalismo católico en la República Argentina durante la última dictadura militar, el autodenominado Proceso de Reorganización Nacional, a través de su principal órgano de prensa, la revista Cabildo. En él se analizan las circunstancias que llevaron inicialmente a un apoyo condicionado a la gestión de las Fuerzas Armadas, que se fue transformando en una crítica cada vez más dura, en tanto los militares en el poder no se mostraron dispuestos a poner en marcha la “revolución nacional” que se impulsaba desde la revista. Asimismo, se muestra cómo la ocupación de las islas Malvinas —una de las principales reivindicaciones de los nacionalistas— dio lugar a un corto período de acercamiento, que concluyó con la derrota en la guerra del Atlántico Sur.

Portugal: setting new goals for growth.

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Cutler, B

1987-11-01

Portugal has entered a period of economic recovery spearheaded by Prime Minister Anibal Cavaco Silva. A slow but steady rise in the standard of living may finally offset the 0.9% annual growth in the country's population. Growth in the gross national product (GNP) reached 5% in 1987 and fixed capital investment increased 9.5% in 1986. Cavaco Silva's economic recovery program has included entry into the Common Market, foreign investment in industry, attention to the enormous public debt, and dismantling of the state-centered economy of the 1970s. Per capita GNP increased from US$743 in 1985 to $1970 in 1986 and unemployment had fallen to 8.5% by 1988. The prolongation of average life expectancy to 68 years for men and 75 years for women indicates a general improvement in the health and lifestyle of most Portuguese. By the year 2000, the population of Portugal is expected to reach 11.1 million, with the largest rates of growth occurring in the west and coastal areas. Half of the population falls into the 25-64-year age group, suggesting potential for economic growth and spending. A low rate of urbanization (30%) has complicated attempts to raise the level of technology in industry. Strong adherence to Catholicism is largely responsible for the exceptionally high marriage rate and low divorce rate in Portugal. The average birth rate was 14.5/1000 in 1987 and the average total fertility rate was 2.1. 34% of all births are to women 20-24 years old. The annual mortality rate is 9.6/1000, while infant mortality stands at 17.8/1000. A significant change occurring in Portugal in the current period is the rise of a new middle class.

Inquisição, religiosidade e transformações culturais: a sinagoga das mulheres e a sobrevivência do judaísmo feminino no Brasil colonial - Nordeste, séculos XVI-XVII

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Angelo Adriano Faria de Assis

2002-01-01

Full Text Available A visitação do Santo Ofício ao Nordeste açucareiro entre 1591e 1595 traria à tona os conflitos sociais e a disputa de interesses entre cristãos velhos e novos. Principais delatados, os neoconversos tornam-se figuras centrais das acusações feitas à mesa e vítimas em potencial das generalizações sobre seu suposto comportamento criptojudaico, acusados das mais diversas heresias. Dentre os delatados, chama a atenção o significativo número de mulheres, baluartes da resistência judaica, difusoras de sua cultura e tradições para as novas gerações. Responsáveis pelo ambiente doméstico, seriam as grandes propagadoras do judaísmo secreto e diminuto que se tornara possível após as proibições de livre crença no mundo português a partir de 1497, e a instauração da Inquisição, em 1536, quando os lares passaram a representar papel preponderante para a divulgação e sobrevivência das tradições dos filhos de Israel.The visit of the Holly Inquisition to the northeast of Brazil between 1591 and 1595 would expose social conflicts and disputes of interests among old and new Christians. The last were the potential victims and the main accused of maintaining a crypto-judaic behavior, performing several heresies. Among the accused, there was an impressive number of women, center of Jewish resistence, transmitting the culture and the tradition to the new generations. After the prohibition of any other faith than Catholicism in the Portuguese world in 1497 and the stablishment of the Inquisition in 1536, women would become responsible for the diffusion of secret Judaism. Homes became a central place to the survival of Jewish traditions.

[The disgrace of Antoine Daquin, first physician of Louis XIV (1693)].

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Peumery, J J

1996-12-01

Antoine Daquin, Principal Physician of Louis XIV and Earl of Jouy-en-Josas, was born in Paris. He was the son of Louis-Henri Daquin, Physician to Queen Marie de Médicis; his paternal grandfather, born in the Jewish religion, became converted to catholicism at Aquino, in Italy, whence his name d'Aquin, then Daquin. A. Daquin studied to be a doctor at Montpellier and graduated on 18 May 1648. He married Marguerite Gayant, Antoine Vallot's niece, Antoine Vallot being the Principal Physician of Louis XIV. This relationship permitted him to get the position of Principal Physician of the Queen, then, after Vallot's death, to succeed him, on 18 April 1672, as Principal Physician of the King. The kindliness of the King's mistress, Mme de Montespan, helped him in that appointment. Daquin was a good doctor, he turned out awkward: "great courtier, but rich, miser, grasping, wanting to establish his family anyway" said the Duc de Saint-Simon. He dared ask the King for the Archbishopric of Tours for his son: "it was the rock on which he broke up" said again Saint-Simon. On 2 November 1693, the comte de Pontchartrain came to his home by order of the King, to tell him, he was ordered to retire from Court without delay. It was forbidden him to come back or to write to the King. Guy-Crescent Fagon was designated "Premier Médecin" instead of him; but Fagon had worked at the undoing of Daquin, with a view to robbing him of his position, with the complicity of the King's new mistress, Mme de Maintenon. After his disgrace, Daquin retired probably to Moulins; he died obscurely in Vichy, on 17 May 1696. Today, Daquin is regarded as a victim of intrigues of Court, which explains his celebrity.

Worlds apart 2: Thailand and the Philippines. Heroes and villains in an Asian population drama.

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Ness, G D

1994-01-01

A comparison of population growth was made for the Philippines and Thailand. Although both countries had 20 million population in 1950 and developed family planning (FP) in similar stages, Thailand had a contraceptive use rate of about 65% and total fertility of 2.1 and a population of 57 million, while the Philippines had 7.4 million more people and slower economic development. Environmental effects of this situation in the Philippines included the movement of people to marginal mountainous land and soil erosion and degradation. A major medical problem has been complications from illegal abortion. While Thailand is expected to reach replacement level by 1995, the Philippines will not reach replacement level until at least 2015, by which time the population will be 20 million more than in Thailand. Thailand is experiencing declines in school age population, and the Philippines is experiencing growth in its school enrollment and labor force. Although the Philippines has received more foreign FP assistance than Thailand, the demographic impact has been greater in Thailand. The Philippines made mistakes in centralizing its FP efforts in Manila and spending too much on communication programs and less on service delivery in rural areas. After 1978, the emphasis shifted and funds were diminished for all social services by the Marcos regime. Mrs. Aguino could not right the wrongs of the previous administration because of her strong commitment to Roman Catholicism. The new Fidel Ramos administration and Health Secretary Flavier are now dedicated to promotion of primary health care and FP. Unfortunately, past political and religious leaders abnegated their responsibility in promoting responsible parenthood and providing appropriate social services. Instead these parties achieved personal wealth at the expense of the masses and protected a "dubious morality."

The fight for reproductive rights in Central and Eastern Europe. Poland: Catholic backlash.

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Nowicka, W

1995-01-01

In Poland, some of the changes brought about after the collapse of communism in 1989 have damaged women's rights and reproductive health. The liberal abortion law passed in 1956 was overturned in 1993. The post-communists elected to Parliament in 1992 will not challenge right-wing groups and their social agendas. The influence of Roman Catholicism on education began in state schools in 1990. The nature of the influence is illustrated in the example of a school board ruling preventing embryos and other anatomical specimens from being used as educational models in schools. Sex education textbooks use non-scientific language and the descriptions reflect a philosophical notion of sexuality rather than a biological one. A girl is called "a closed garden, a secret source." Human female organs are referred to as the source of life located in "the lower part of her body, inside the body..." The male source of life is described as lying partly outside the body. The Catholic influence affects the practice of medicine. Doctors instruct patients on the Roman Catholic doctrine on contraception and try to convince women that contraception is the same as abortion. Some women's health texts refer to only natural family planning methods. The legal changes affect the programs of in vitro fertilization. The Commission of Medical Ethics decreed that freezing embryos is a violation of the new Law on Family Planning, Protection of Human Embryos, and Condition of Admittance of Abortion. Women must now make a choice between seeking an illegal abortion or bearing an unwanted child. One gynecologist committed suicide after a failed abortion attempt rather than face criminal charges. In Poland political priorities are sacrificing high-quality family planning information and services and balanced sex education.

The Effects of Transition and War on the Construction of Some Segments of National Identity among Croats and Serbs (An Empirical Survey in the Former War Areas of Western and Eastern Slavonia

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Dragutin Babić

2005-09-01

Full Text Available The author analyses the effects of transition and war on the formation of some segments of national identity among Croats and Serbs. The basis for the analysis was an empirical survey conducted in Western and Eastern Slavonia. The analysis included three groups of war migrants and victims of war – indigenous Croats, indigenous Serbs and immigrants. The survey was conducted between September and December 2004, in villages and towns of Western and Eastern Slavonia. It used a survey questionnaire with 48 closed-type questions. The survey took account of the following variables among respondents: sociospatial status, age, gender and level of education. The analysed variable: respondents’ sociospatial status, proved to be in correlation with the perception of some segments of national identity among Croats and Serbs. The results of the survey showed differences in the opinions and evaluations of respondents from Western and Eastern Slavonia. Indigenous Croats, more than indigenous Serbs, stressed the meaning and importance of religion (Catholicism in national identity. Indigenous Croats were more exclusive than indigenous Serbs as to the possibilities of full participation of former Communists in the Croat and Serb national communities. The responses of immigrants were more radical and exclusive in comparison with indigenous persons, and in this regard responses of immigrants in Western Slavonia (mostly ethnic Croats were more radical than responses of immigrants in Eastern Slavonia (mostly ethnic Serbs. Although they were somewhat laced with exclusive opinions on the possibilities of including various subidentities in the national identities of Croats and Serbs, the respondents’ answers indicate that in the post-war period, in former war areas, tolerance is also quite present, more noticeably within one’s own group than towards the other nationality.

The importance of religion in shaping volcanic risk perception in Italy, with special reference to Vesuvius and Etna

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Chester, David K.; Duncan, Angus M.; Dibben, Christopher J. L.

2008-05-01

With the exception of societies that are relatively untouched by modernism, the academic consensus holds that since the Eighteenth Century Enlightenment popular perception of divine responsibility for disasters has been progressively replaced by a perspective that views losses as resulting from the effects of extreme natural events upon vulnerable human populations. Nature is considered to be de-moralised. By means of examples of volcanic eruptions that have occurred over the past one hundred and fifty years and which transcend place, culture and faith tradition, the present authors have maintained a contrasting position, by arguing that religious perspectives are still important features of the ways in which people in many societies perceive volcanic eruptions. In the present paper it is argued that religious terms of reference have been and remain vital elements in the perceptions held by a significant proportion of the population in southern Italy when confronted by volcanic eruptions, particularly those that have occurred on Vesuvius and Etna. Within the context of what is termed popular Catholicism, the development of distinctive religious responses in pre-industrial times is first described. Next, through bibliographic research and social surveys, it is argued that the idiosyncratic religious character of disaster responses has been maintained following eruptions that have occurred during the past one hundred years, including the small number of eruptions of Etna that have taken place in the early years of the twenty-first century. The implications of these religious perceptions and behaviours are discussed within the context of emergency planning and the suggestion is made that they form part of a 'parallel practice' in response to volcanic threat, where actions to encourage the miraculous take place at the same time as more 'rationally' grounded protective measures such as evacuation.

The Art of the Portrait in the Religious Painting of Wallachia and Moldavia in the 15th – 17th centuries

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Valentin Sava

2014-11-01

Full Text Available Beyond the diversity of the forms of socio-economic and cultural-artistic development, at the end of the 14th century, Wallachia, Moldavia and the knights of Romanian origins of Transylvania, Banat and Maramureş were gathered in one single system, with feudality institutions of Occidental inspiration, but with mostly Orthodox spirituality, a system that is permanently struggling to find the perfect equilibrium between the Islamic-Ottoman expansionism and the insistent conversion actions of Western Catholicism. Medieval painting promoted the portrait as an artistic genre beyond the canonical constraints of the painting of Byzantine inspiration. The votive portrait of the founder did no necessarily reproduce the individual features of the portrayed person, not even in the last period, when the artistic and technical evolutions could initiate tendencies to a desacralization of the religious themes. The introduction of the portrait reflecting the social class in the Court of the two Romanian Countries through the Central – European sources of Austria, Hungary or Poland produced a major change in the aesthetics of the portrait when the artist came to have a new vision on the way he rendered the physical features and later the mental experiences of the model, sometimes making use of an obvious descriptive exactness in rendering the physical features, the physiognomy of the portrayed person. Just like in the medieval votive portrait, in the case of easel portraits, the artist focused on the representation of external features, according to the social importance and rank of the portrayed person. Gradually, the evolution of the corresponding capture of the physical features, initially sufficient, went up from a qualitative point of view to complete this first effort with a precious performance of the expression of the spiritual characteristics of the portrayed character, insistently claimed by both the artist and the contemplator.

BAROQUE AND ICONIC ECPHRASIS IN GOGOL'S "TARAS BULBA"

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Anastasiya Viktorovna Kozlova

2015-01-01

Full Text Available This article discusses the tools verbalization European Baroque painting techniques and Old icons in the Gogol's story  "Taras Bulba". Narrative functions of implicit ecphrasis investigated in connection problem relatedness Catholicism and Orthodoxy in the minds of Gogol at the beginning of the 1840s.The purpose of the article analyzes the ways of verbalization and features of non-attributed implicit ecphrasis in the second edition of Gogol's "Taras Bulba" reproducing Caravaggio painting style and Old icons.Method or the methodology of work: Among research material are Gogol's "Taras Bulba" in two editions, the European Baroque paintings and ancient Russian icons. Were applied structural-typological, structural, intertextual, hermeneutical methods.Results: We describe the correlation of ecphrasis in Gogol with referents: the paintings of Caravaggio and Honthorst , and Old Russian iconography . Found that ecphrasis descriptions that appear only in the edition of 1842 are not local segments of the text and form the entire text layers, actively organizing narrative, operating plot and composition. Hidden emplisit ecphrasis is the artistic code, extending the semantic space of the text , the text translation tool of religious and philosophical ideas of the author. Valuable contraposition of baroque and iconic ecphrasis in the story reflects not only the author's reflection on the problem of beauty , inner and outer, but also a reflection of their own style.Application area: The results of our study can be used for lectures on the history of Russian literature of the XIX century, the history of Russian and European culture, cultural studies, specialized courses and electives in the problem of interaction between different kinds of art, as well as material for interdisciplinary humanities research, including in school practice teaching literature and art history.

Portuguese crypto-Jews: the genetic heritage of a complex history.

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Nogueiro, Inês; Teixeira, João C; Amorim, António; Gusmão, Leonor; Alvarez, Luis

2015-01-01

The first documents mentioning Jewish people in Iberia are from the Visigothic period. It was also in this period that the first documented anti-Judaic persecution took place. Other episodes of persecution would happen again and again during the long troubled history of the Jewish people in Iberia and culminated with the Decrees of Expulsion and the establishment of the Inquisition: some Jews converted to Catholicism while others resisted and were forcedly baptized, becoming the first Iberian Crypto-Jews. In the 18th century the official discrimination and persecution carried out by the Inquisition ended and several Jewish communities emerged in Portugal. From a populational genetics point of view, the worldwide Diaspora of contemporary Jewish communities has been intensely studied. Nevertheless, very little information is available concerning Sephardic and Iberian Crypto-Jewish descendants. Data from the Iberian Peninsula, the original geographic source of Sephardic Jews, is limited to two populations in Portugal, Belmonte, and Bragança district, and the Chueta community from Mallorca. Belmonte was the first Jewish community studied for uniparental markers. The construction of a reference model for the history of the Portuguese Jewish communities, in which the genetic and classical historical data interplay dynamically, is still ongoing. Recently an enlarged sample covering a wide region in the Northeast Portugal was undertaken, allowing the genetic profiling of male and female lineages. A Jewish specific shared female lineage (HV0b) was detected between the community of Belmonte and Bragança. In contrast to what was previously described as a hallmark of the Portuguese Jews, an unexpectedly high polymorphism of lineages was found in Bragança, showing a surprising resistance to the erosion of genetic diversity typical of small-sized isolate populations, as well as signs of admixture with the Portuguese host population.

PORTUGUESE CRYPTO-JEWS: THE GENETIC HERITAGE OF A COMPLEX HISTORY

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Inês Pires Nogueiro

2015-02-01

Full Text Available The first documents mentioning Jewish people in Iberia are from the Visigothic period. It was also in this period that the first documented anti-Judaic persecution took place. Other episodes of persecution would happen again and again during the long troubled history of the Jewish people in Iberia and culminated with the Decrees of Expulsion and the establishment of the Inquisition: some Jews converted to Catholicism while others resisted and were forcedly baptized, becoming the first Iberian Crypto-Jews. In the 18th century the official discrimination and persecution carried out by the Inquisition ended and several Jewish communities emerged in Portugal. From a populational genetics point of view, the worldwide Diaspora of contemporary Jewish communities has been intensely studied. Nevertheless, very little information is available concerning Sephardic and Iberian Crypto-Jewish descendants. Data from the Iberian Peninsula, the original geographic source of Sephardic Jews, is limited to two populations in Portugal, Belmonte and Bragança district, and the Chueta community from Mallorca. Belmonte was the first Jewish community studied for uniparental markers. The construction of a reference model for the history of the Portuguese Jewish communities, in which the genetic and classical historical data interplay dynamically, is still ongoing. Recently an enlarged sample covering a wide region in the Northeast Portugal was undertaken, allowing the genetic profiling of male and female lineages. A Jewish specific shared female lineage (HV0b was detected between the community of Belmonte and Bragança. In contrast to what was previously described as a hallmark of the Portuguese Jews, an unexpectedly high polymorphism of lineages’ was found in Bragança, showing a surprising resistance to the erosion of genetic diversity typical of small-sized isolate populations, as well as signs of admixture with the Portuguese host population.

БУКОВИНСЬКА «МАЛАНКА» У ЗАГАЛЬНОЄВРОПЕЙСЬКОМУ КАРНАВАЛЬНОМУ КОНТЕКСТІ / BUKOVINIAN “MALANKA” IN THE GENERAL EUROPEAN CARNIVAL CONTEXT

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Олександр КУРОЧКІН

2017-11-01

Carnival as a product of pan-European civilization and Catholicism as a whole is not typical of Eastern Europe. The aim of the investigation. The article offers new approaches to the less-researched issues of the calendar custom of Ukrainians and eastern Romans. The methodology of the research is based on the combination of the method of direct included observation and the comparative / historical-comparative / method, which allows to determine the common and different in the festive ritual culture of different ethnic groups. Bukovinian "Malanka", which has many local variants, belongs to the carnival-type holidays with a pronounced folk color. The novelty of the work is to attempt to organizationally join the Foundation for European Carnival Cities [FECC] through the popularization of this unique complex ritual. Carnival as a product of Western civilization and Catholicism in general is not typical for Eastern Europe. Bukovyna New Year “Malanka”, having many local versions, is one of the carnival type events with bright ethnic and folk flavor. For the sake of preserving and popularizing a unique ritual set, it is worth to join the Foundation of European Carnival Cities (FECC. Conclusions. After the proposed investigation, we could make a conclusion, that carnival as a product of Western civilization and Catholicism is generally not typical in Eastern Europe. Bukovina New Year "Malanka", having many local versions, is one of the carnival type events with a bright ethnic and folk flavor. For the sake of preserving and popularizing a unique ritual set, it is worth joining the Foundation of European Carnival Cities.

Direitos, cidadania das mulheres e religião Rights, women's citizenship and religion

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Maria José Rosado-Nunes

2008-11-01

Full Text Available O texto trabalha as complexas relações entre elementos da moderna cultura de direitos, as proposições políticas dos feminismos contemporâneos e os ideais e valores do catolicismo. Num primeiro momento, analisa-se a contribuição da Igreja católica no Brasil para a construção de uma certa "cultura de direitos", nos anos de 1960-1980, por meio das chamadas Comunidades Eclesiais de Base, as CEBs. No âmbito teórico, explora-se o interminável conflito dessa Igreja com os valores modernos que estão na base das reivindicações das mulheres, desde o século XVIII. Finalmente, voltando à realidade socioistórica do movimento de mulheres, aborda-se a questão da ampliação do conceito de direitos pela inclusão dos recém-denominados "direitos sexuais e direitos reprodutivos", como um novo, ma non troppo, campo de conflito entre o ideário feminista e o ideário católico.The text examines the complex relations between elements of modern culture of rights, the political proposals of contemporary feminists and the ideals and values of Catholicism. In the first part, the article analyzes the contribution of the Catholic Church in Brazil in constructing a certain 'rights culture,' during the 1960s, 70s and 80s, through the so-called 'Base Ecclesiastical Communities' - the CEBs. At the theoretical level, I explore the interminable conflict between the Catholic Church and the modern values that have formed the base of women's demands since the 18th century. Finally, returning to the sociohistorical reality of the women's movement, I approach the question of extending the concept of rights to include the recently emergent 'sexual and reproductive rights,' as a new, ma non troppo, field of conflict between feminist and Catholic ideas.

Reflexiones sobre la controversia clericomasónica en la Restauración y Segunda República

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José- Leonardo RUIZ SÁNCHEZ

2010-02-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN: Durante la primera fase de la Restauración alfonsina la masonería fue el arma esgrimida por el clericalismo español, internamente muy dividido y enfrentado, para atacar la política liberal así como para evitar que triunfase una transacción de los sectores católicos con el liberalismo más templado. El radicalismo de los ataques desde posiciones clericales obedeció en parte al medio empleado —la prensa— y a las características intrínsecas de la que ellos utilizaban, vinculada más que a la Iglesia a partidos claramente reaccionarios. El cambio de orientación del catolicismo español en la segunda fase de la Restauración, apostando por la participación en el sistema liberal con organizaciones nuevas, menos ultramontanas y radicales, usando una prensa nueva sometida a los prelados, contribuye a explicar la disminución del antimasonismo. ABSTRACT: During the first period of the Restoration under the reigns of Alfonso XIII, the masonry was the weapon used by the Spanish clericalism, very divided and confronted within its own members, to attack the liberal policy and prevent the triumph of a transaction between the Catholic sectors and the most restrained liberalism. The fact that the attacks from clergy positions were radical was in part due to the means they used —the press—, and the intrinsic characteristics of the press they used, which was connected to parties that were obviously reactionary rather than to the Church. The change of orientation of the Spanish Catholicism in the second period of the Restoration relying now on the participation with new organizations in the liberal system, less ultramontane and radicals, and using the new press that was subdued to the prelados (Ecclesiastical Superiors helps to explain the decrease of the anti-masonism.

Construyendo consenso y legitimidad. La proyección política del catecismo de escolástico Zegada en tiempos de la ‘Confederación’ Argentina (1853-1862

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Medina, Federico

2014-06-01

Full Text Available In 1855 Justo José de Urquiza -president of the Argentine ‘Confederation’- resolved reissue wiyh public funds the catechism Christian Instructions and recommend to the formation of children in primary schools of the 'Confederation'. The author of the text was jujeño cleric Escolástico Zegada (1813-1871. In rewriting, praised the Urquiza’s administration and explicitly summoned for readers to support the government. For this, the cleric used biblical models of Roman Catholicism. Thus, this paper examines, firstly, the reasons why Urquiza and his cabinet resolved reissue the catechism. Secondly, is studied how symbolically constructed cleric Urquiza’s leadership ahead of the national government. So, it seeks to understand the particularities of the relationship between temporal and heavenly power in Argentina by midnineteenth century.En 1855 Justo José de Urquiza -presidente de la ‘Confederación’ Argentina- resolvió reeditar con fondos públicos el catecismo Instrucciones Cristianas y recomendarlo para la formación de niños en las escuelas de primeras letras de la ‘Confederación’. El autor del texto fue el clérigo jujeño Escolástico Zegada (1813-1871. En la reescritura, exaltaba la administración de Urquiza y convocaba de forma explícita a los lectores a apoyar al gobierno. Para ello, el clérigo utilizó modelos bíblicos del catolicismo romano. En consecuencia, el presente trabajo analiza, en primer lugar, los motivos por los cuales Urquiza y miembros de su gabinete resolvieron reeditar el catecismo. En segundo lugar, se estudia cómo el clérigo construía simbólicamente el liderazgo de Urquiza al frente del gobierno nacional. Así, se busca comprender las particularidades de las relaciones entre poder temporal y poder celestial en la Argentina hacia mediados del siglo XIX.

Feminine and masculine archetypes in Carmen Martín Gaite’s Entre visillos. An analysis from ethnoliterature

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Cajade Frías, Sonia

2010-12-01

Full Text Available The aim of this article is to analyze from the perspective of ethnoliterature the novel Entre visillos (1958 by Carmen Martín Gaite in relation to the Spain’s social and cultural context in the 1950s. The objective of the work consists of studying the feminine and masculine archetypes that the novel projects, in connection with the gender-related models that National-Catholicism promoted at the time. Many of these models are still prevalent in Spain. For her the novel, as it encapsulated the socio-cultural context of the 1950s, had by itself, as a specific literary product, the power of impinging upon and re-constructing that social reality, especially by producing new archetypes of gender on which to offer alternate models of identity.

El propósito de este artículo es analizar desde una perspectiva etnoliteraria la novela Entre visillos (1958 de Carmen Martín Gaite en relación con el contexto social y cultural de la España de posguerra de los años cincuenta. El objetivo del trabajo consiste en estudiar los arquetipos femeninos y masculinos que se proyectan a través de la novela y su conexión con los modelos de género propuestos por la ideología dominante del nacional-catolicismo, muchos aún vigentes en la sociedad actual. Se trata así de explorar cómo el contexto sociocultural de la época se refleja en la novela y cómo a su vez la propia obra literaria, como producto cultural específico, posee la capacidad de proyectarse sobre esa misma realidad social, contribuyendo así a re-construirla, concretamente a través de la creación de nuevos arquetipos de género que proponen modelos de identidad alternativos.

Modern Literature and Christianity: The Religious Issue in Lucien Rebatet's Les Deux étendards

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Pascal A. Ifri

2001-06-01

Full Text Available Although Lucien Rebatet's Les Deux étendards (The Two Standards has been hailed by a number of critics as one of the best novels written in France since World War II, it is surrounded by a wall of silence because its author actively supported the Nazi movement before and during the war. Yet the novel does not deal with politics but with love, art, and religion. Based on real events, it is the story of a love triangle involving Michel, who has lost his Catholic faith, Régis, who studies to become a Jesuit priest, and Anne-Marie, a young student who shares a mystical love with Régis and also intends to join a religious order. When Michel meets Anne-Marie, he falls desperately in love with her, but hopelessly since she belongs to God and to Régis. Yet, fascinated by his friends' adventure, he tries to recover the faith he has lost in order to join them on their mystical plane, but eventually fails. The theme of religion and more specifically Catholicism dominates Les Deux étendards which treats the most complex religious issues with passion and intensity and tackles the history of the Church and religious exegesis with a thoroughness and a minuteness worthy of Proust. Over one thousand pages, Les Deux étendards , mainly through Régis and Michel's animated discussions, reenacts the quarrel that has been raging for two thousand years between believers and nonbelievers. If, in the end, Les Deux étendards condemns religion, it is in order to better affirm what can be called the sacred or the spiritual which stands in opposition to the religious. In any case, this passionate handling of religion, its place at the heart of the story and its intimate association with the other main themes, love and art, largely account for the originality of the novel.

Expressing Intellectual Freedom: A Content Analysis of Catholic Library World from 1980 to 2015

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Megan E. Welsh

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Objective – Professional librarians have varying values relating to the topic of intellectual freedom that may or may not align with the American Library Association’s (ALA policies defining professional expectations on the topic. The personally held values and beliefs of Roman Catholic librarians and those working in libraries affiliated with Roman Catholicism are worthy of study to determine how personal religious values may translate into professional practice. The objective of this paper is to ascertain how frequently and in what context the topics of intellectual freedom and censorship were expressed in articles published in Catholic Library World (CLW, the professional journal of the Catholic Library Association (CLA from 1980 to 2015. Published content on these topics can be used as evidence to determine how this population discusses the concept of intellectual freedom. Methods – Articles relevant to these topics were retrieved from the American Theological Library Association Catholic Periodical and Literature Index (ATLA CPLI and Library, Information Science & Technology Abstracts (LISTA databases by conducting keyword searches using the terms “intellectual freedom” and censorship. Each retrieved publication was analyzed by counting the number of times the phrase “intellectual freedom” and the root censor* occurred. Through a deep reading of each publication, statements containing these search terms were then coded as positive, negative, or neutral, establishing a context for each occurrence. Results – The majority of published content supported intellectual freedom and opposed censorship. Negative content typically occurred in publications about children or school libraries. Additionally, CLW contributors did express a certain level of conflict between personally held religious values and professional values. Conclusions – This study adds to the limited research available on the intersection of personally held

The Petition of Peter the Great for The Orthodox Christians of Venice as Part of Russia's Foreign Policy

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Iastrebov Aleksei

2016-02-01

Full Text Available The petition of Peter the Great for return of a taken church from the Orthodox christians of Venice is interesting in the context of the religious motives behind his domestic and foreign policy, his interaction with Catholicism, and his support of Orthodoxy in Europe and the Ottoman Empire. The charter itself is a unique document testifying to the concerns of the Russian czar for coreligionists in a Catholic country. At the same time, it is clear that in an epoch when religion was tightly intertwined with politics, such an appeal was not only part of religious but also secular politics. The goals of the Russian government in the Balkans coincide with the aspirations of the Orthodox peoples languishing under the yoke of the Turks: they had seen in Russia the liberator of the hated invaders. The natural allies of Moscow-Petersburg themselves for a long time to convince kings to stand up for the persecuted faith, and calls were heard from bishops of the Eastern Church and the authorities are dependent on the Turkish vassal principalities. Finally, the moment came. Despite the fact that Peter did not want war with the Sultan, he had to prepare for it, and for that sought to mobilize all the allies, including the Balkan Christians. The letter addressed to the Venetian Doge, actually addressed to them. Following the message the Russian government opens in Venice diplomatic agency, whose task are monitoring the political situation in Italy and the Balkans, as well as the recruitment of volunteers under the fl ag of St. Andrew. Thus, the charter-petition of Peter for the Orthodox of Venice has completely fulfi lled its task — it has become part of a policy to win sympathy of the peoples of the Balkans, and has contributed to the understanding that the Venetian government would not object to the actions of the Russian envoys in the country.

Consideraciones sobre la religión en la fenomenología del joven Heidegger

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CÉSAR LAMBERT

2008-01-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo se ocupa de la tematización que Heidegger hace de la religión en su época de docente en Friburgo. Heidegger se encuentra en búsqueda de la fenomenología como ciencia originaria, y en ese contexto destaca tres dimensiones humanas de peculiar importancia: autobiografía, arte y religión. En ese contexto se muestra que lo que aquí interesa es la manera en que la vida táctica se expresa a sí misma. En el caso concreto de la religión, la vida religiosa y su expresión no operan como contenido y continente ajenos el uno del otro. A su vez, la ocupación heideggeriana con la filosofía de la religión tiene, ante todo, que ver con una descripción de las tendencias filosóficas imperantes en su tiempo. El artículo concluye con una somera referencia biográfica a la crisis personal del filósofo que lo lleva a abandonar el catolicismo.The present article is concerned with the themes that Heidegger addresses regarding religión during his time as a teacher in Freiburg. Here Heidegger is found searching for phenomenology as an original science, and in this context he highlights three human dimensions of singular importance: autobiography, art and religión. In this setting, it is shown that what is of interest is the way in which real life expresses itself. As for the concrete case of religión, religious life and its expression do not opérate as contained and container, distant from each other. At the same time, the heideggerian concern with philosophy of religión has to do with a description of the philosophical tendencies dominating in his day, before all else. The article concludes with a brief biographical reference to the personal crisis of the philosopher which leads him to abandon catholicism.onar el catolicismo.

Luther als protestantischer Katechet

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U. Kern

2009-07-01

Full Text Available Luther as protestant catechist Luther’s catechetical activity is based on the catechetic tradition already extant in the Early Church. He reverts to this tradition, and more especially to the catechetical instruction of the Middle Ages. Luther observed great negligence and deficiency with regard to the catechesis in the Roman Catholicism of his time. In Luther’s view, a catechism is a short summary of Holy Scrip-ture; it is a condensed and succinct expression of the teachings of the Christian faith. Along with his study on the unfree will (“De servo arbitrio” Luther considered his two catechisms, which developed out of his preaching activity, as his most im-portant written work. His “Small catechism”, which was very well received, was reissued more than 60 times – and translated into a variety of languages – up until the time of his death. According to Luther, catechesis (catechetical instruction is the means by which the catechism is to be learned. A vital part of this process is that the catechism must take root in the heart. The catechism is not a vehicle for objective, scientific faith, but rather defines a living, personal faith as trust in God. All Christians, including adults, must therefore know the catechism in such a way that it is engraved on their consciousness. This necessitates the attendance of catechetical sermons. There is much pneumatological profit to be had in the reading and discussion of the catechism, and in meditating on it, because the Holy Spirit is present in all these activities. All that is necessary for the Christian to know about his salvation is richly and thoroughly present in the catechism. In the light of this, the catechism is profoundly trinitarian and eschatological in orientation. The catechism teaches that the fulfilment of the Ten Commandments, the realisation of the good, is born out of true faith. Those who do not know the catechism are not allowed to partake in the sacrament of the

'Mixed blessings': parental religiousness, parenting, and child adjustment in global perspective.

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Bornstein, Marc H; Putnick, Diane L; Lansford, Jennifer E; Al-Hassan, Suha M; Bacchini, Dario; Bombi, Anna Silvia; Chang, Lei; Deater-Deckard, Kirby; Di Giunta, Laura; Dodge, Kenneth A; Malone, Patrick S; Oburu, Paul; Pastorelli, Concetta; Skinner, Ann T; Sorbring, Emma; Steinberg, Laurence; Tapanya, Sombat; Tirado, Liliana Maria Uribe; Zelli, Arnaldo; Alampay, Liane Peña

2017-08-01

Most studies of the effects of parental religiousness on parenting and child development focus on a particular religion or cultural group, which limits generalizations that can be made about the effects of parental religiousness on family life. We assessed the associations among parental religiousness, parenting, and children's adjustment in a 3-year longitudinal investigation of 1,198 families from nine countries. We included four religions (Catholicism, Protestantism, Buddhism, and Islam) plus unaffiliated parents, two positive (efficacy and warmth) and two negative (control and rejection) parenting practices, and two positive (social competence and school performance) and two negative (internalizing and externalizing) child outcomes. Parents and children were informants. Greater parent religiousness had both positive and negative associations with parenting and child adjustment. Greater parent religiousness when children were age 8 was associated with higher parental efficacy at age 9 and, in turn, children's better social competence and school performance and fewer child internalizing and externalizing problems at age 10. However, greater parent religiousness at age 8 was also associated with more parental control at age 9, which in turn was associated with more child internalizing and externalizing problems at age 10. Parental warmth and rejection had inconsistent relations with parental religiousness and child outcomes depending on the informant. With a few exceptions, similar patterns of results held for all four religions and the unaffiliated, nine sites, mothers and fathers, girls and boys, and controlling for demographic covariates. Parents and children agree that parental religiousness is associated with more controlling parenting and, in turn, increased child problem behaviors. However, children see religiousness as related to parental rejection, whereas parents see religiousness as related to parental efficacy and warmth, which have different

Effects of price and availability on abortion demand.

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Gohmann, S F; Ohsfeldt, R L

1993-10-01

This study explained the variation in US state abortion demand due to the price of services, the net of insurance cost of birth services, the ability to pay, contraceptive use, individual attitudes regarding abortion, and government policy affecting cost of benefits of terminating an unintended pregnancy or of carrying to birth. The empirical model uses pooled data from 48 states for 1982, 1984, 1985, and 1987. Prices are deflated to 1977 dollars. Another two-staged least squares model is based on cross-sectional state level data for 1985. The dependent variable is the log of abortion per 1000 pregnancies. Other variables pertain to income, education, labor force, family planning, tax, aid to families with dependent children, religion, and abortion-related measures. The results of the cross-sectional analysis are consistent with Medoff's and Garbacz's findings. The estimated coefficient of per capita income is positive with a point elasticity ranging from 0.62 to 1.0. The model with the most complete specifications has an abortion price elasticity range from -0.75 to -1.3 and is statistically significant when religion measures are excluded. The Hausman test shows the pro-choice variable significantly correlated with the error term. The net price of birth services is not statistically significant. Catholic religion and no religion are only significant when the abortion provider variable is excluded. The suggestion is that the effect of Catholicism is ambiguous. In the pooled analysis, the fixed effects model is used to control for abortion attitudes and other unobserved factors. Abortion demand includes abortion per 1000 pregnancies, the ratio of abortions to pregnancies, and the logarithm of abortions per 1000 pregnancies. Higher income is associated with a higher abortion rate and elasticities of 0.76 and 0.35 and is associated with a higher pregnancy rate. The abortion ratio is found to be elastic with respect to price, and price elasticities are sensitive to

Zola, Lourdes and the New Religious Crowd in Ideological Debates in Portugal (1894-1932 Zola, Lourdes et la foule religieuse dans les débats idéologiques au Portugal (1894-1932

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Eduardo Cintra Torres

2010-09-01

Full Text Available The impact of Émile Zola’s novel on Lourdes was felt in Portugal even before its publication in France in 1894. The naturalist writer’s documentary fiction plucked a central chord in the political and religious debate of the time, particularly the dichotomy between science and religion, the renewal of faith and the legitimacy of the crowd in public spaces. This paper deals with only one aspect of that debate, active in Portugal between 1894 and 1932 – the impact of Zola´s innovative thesis about Lourdes’ new religious crowd and ‘the crowd’s healing power’. The development of the debates shows how Catholic sectors increasingly incorporated the ‘crowd’ into renewed Catholicism, especially after the Fátima events of 1917, while the liberal bourgeoisie continued to reject the masses.L’impact du roman Lourdes d’Émile Zola au Portugal s’est fait avant même sa publication en France en 1894. Cette fiction documentaire de l’écrivain naturaliste a touché une corde sensible dans les débats politiques et religieux de l’époque, notamment en atour de questions telles que la dichotomie entre science et religion, le renouveau de la foi catholique et la légitimité de la foule dans l’espace public. Cet article se penche sur un aspect particulier des débats qui furent actifs au Portugal entre 1894 et 1932 : l’impact de la thèse originale de Zola sur les foules religieuses de Lourdes et le pouvoir guérisseur de la foule. Le développement des débats montre comment les catholiques ont progressivement incorporé la « foule » dans leur vision d’un catholicisme renouvelé, alors que la bourgeoisie libérale continua à rejeter les masses, particulièrement après les apparitions de Fátima en 1917.

O poder da fé, o milagre do poder: mediadores evangélicos e deslocamento de fronteiras sociais

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Patricia Birman

2012-06-01

Full Text Available A partir de dois estudos de caso analisarei neste artigo a articulação de duas tendências do universo evangélico pentecostal: a da vida apartada do mundo e aquela centrada no milagre e no protagonismo divino. A articulação entre elas forma um conjunto, cuja integração variada constitui na atualidade a presença evangélica na esfera pública. Enquanto conjunto, as igrejas evangélicas reconstruíram as fronteiras do religioso, para "dentro" e para "fora". Para "dentro" redefiniram magia e religião deslocando o encantamento do mundo, convencionalmente mantido como mágico, através do catolicismo, para o interior da religião como milagre. Para "fora" os evangélicos adotaram em suas práticas e discursos uma forma de sacralização dos seus agentes e dos seus instrumentos. A aura divina passou a habitar os muitos domínios sociais que, por sua vez, passaram a fornecer a matéria-prima necessária para forjar o protagonismo dos seus pastores.Based upon two cases studies this paper is an attempt to analyse the articulation between two tendancies in the pentacostal evangeslist universe: life separated from the world and life centered on miracle and divine protagonism. The articulation in between these two tendancies constitutes a whole: the moving integration of it represent in the daily life the evangelical presence in the public sphere. As a whole, the evangelist churches are reconstructing the frontiers of what religious is, "inside" and "outside". "Inside" they are redefining magic and religion, desplacing the world enchantment, usualy maintained as "magical" by catholicism, inside the proper religious sphere as miracle. "Outside", the evangelists maintain through their discourses and practical life a way to sacrament their agents and instruments. A divine aura seems to invade the various and necessary social domains througn which have to be established their pastor's leadership.

Nihilism, relativism, and Engelhardt.

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Wreen, M

1998-01-01

This paper is a critical analysis of Tristram Engelhardt's attempts to avoid unrestricted nihilism and relativism. The focus of attention is his recent book, The Foundations of Bioethics (Oxford University Press, 1996). No substantive or "content-full" bioethics (e.g., that of Roman Catholicism or the Samurai) has an intersubjectively verifiable and universally binding foundation, Engelhardt thinks, for unaided secular reason cannot show that any particular substantive morality (or moral code) is correct. He thus seems to be committed to either nihilism or relativism. The first is the view that there is not even one true or valid moral code, and the second is the view that there is a plurality of true or valid moral codes. However, Engelhardt rejects both nihilism and relativism, at least in unrestricted form. Strictly speaking, he himself is a universalist, someone who believes that there is a single true moral code. Two argumentative strategies are employed by him to fend off unconstrained nihilism and relativism. The first argues that although all attempts to establish a content-full morality on the basis of secular reason fail, secular reason can still establish a content-less, purely procedural morality. Although not content-full and incapable of providing positive direction in life, much less a meaning of life, such a morality does limit the range of relativism and nihilism. The second argues that there is a single true, content-full morality. Grace and revelation, however, are needed to make it available to us; secular reason alone is not up to the task. This second line of argument is not pursued in The Foundations at any length, but it does crop up at times, and if it is sound, nihilism and relativism can be much more thoroughly routed than the first line of argument has it. Engelhardt's position and argumentative strategies are exposed at length and accorded a detailed critical examination. In the end, it is concluded that neither strategy will do, and

Dossier: El catolicismo hispanoamericano en perspectiva atlántica. Redes, debates y actores de primera mitad del siglo XX. Hispano-American Catholicism from an Atlantic Perspective. Networks, Debates and Actors of First Half of the 20th Century

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Miranda Lida

2017-10-01

Full Text Available El presente dossier procura bucear en una temática poco explorada: las redes transnacionales atlánticas que cementan y solidifican los movimientos católicos hispanoamericanos de la primera mitad del siglo XX. Cuando se habla del movimiento católico, es ineludible prestarle atención a los vínculos con la Santa Sede, naturalmente, pero suele ser escaso el cuidado que se le presta a otros vínculos transnacionales, ya sea con movimientos católicos europeos, norteamericanos, de diferentes países latinoamericanos o bien alguna combinación entre todos ellos.

LA DEMOCRACIA Y EL REPLIEGUE DEL INDIVIDUO: ORGANICISMO Y CORPORATIVISMO = DEMOCRACY AND THE WITHDRAWAL OF THE INDIVIDUAL: ORGANICISM AND CORPORATISM

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Mariano García Canales

2015-12-01

Full Text Available La crisis de la Restauración coincidió con una época de profunda transformación de los principios básicos del parlamentarismo. Los teóricos buscaron nuevas bases para un tema central del mismo: la representación política. ¿Cómo se entendía la representación? ¿Quiénes debían ser capaces de participar en la conformación de las Cortes? ¿Qué procedimientos debían ser adoptados? Éstas eran algunas de las cuestiones planteadas entonces entre los especialistas, políticos y publicistas. Esto fue abordado desde diferentes ángulos y con diferentes respuestas por varias corrientes políticas, desde las tradicionalistas, el catolicismo social y al movimiento liberal reformista de los krausistas. El objetivo es verificar cómo las ideas organicistas emergieron durante el reflujo general del individualismo, puesto de frente a la cuestión social, y que también sirvió para la llegada en los años veinte de las soluciones corporativas autoritarias y totalitarias.The Restoration crisis coincided with a time of profound transformation of the central political tenets of the liberal parliamentary system. Theorists sought new groundings for a central theme: political representation. What was understood by people or nation? What were the voices that should be heard at the time of forming the state’s will? What procedures should be adopted? These were some of the issues that were under review and that concerned publishers and scholars. This paper follows up what was advocated by various political currents, from the so-called Spanish traditionalist current, through the school of social Catholicism to the progressive arm of the Spanish Krausism. The purpose is to verify how generic organicist ideas that emerged in a general movement of reflux of individualism, put in front of the social question, eventually facilitated the arrival in the twenties to authoritarian or totalitarian corporatist solutions.

VALIDACIÓN DE LA UNIDAD DIDÁCTICA LA IGLESIA CATÓLICA DE COSTA RICA EN LA HISTORIA NACIONAL: DESAFÍOS Y RESPUESTAS (VALIDITY OF COSTA RICA’S CATHOLIC CHURCH DIDACTIC UNIT THROUGH THE NATIONAL HISTORY: CHALLENGES AND ANSWERS

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Gómez Figueroa Patricia

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Resumen:Presento la validación de la unidad didáctica: Historia de la Iglesia Católica en Costa Rica: desafíos y respuestas de Miguel Picado Gatjens realizada con el alumnado del Centro Universitario Metropolitano de la Universidad Estatal a Distancia (UNED y un equipo interdisciplinario. La unidad se validó mediante un cuestionario escrito, diseñado por la Oficina del Programa de Materiales Impresos (PROMADE de la UNED y aplicado a estudiantes y profesionales. Se determinó cómo y qué enseñar acerca de la historia del catolicismo para promover la reflexión y la formación en el estudiante universitario a distancia. Con el diseño y la elaboración del texto didáctico se regularon los contenidos y se seleccionaron los objetivos básicos de aprendizaje, las pautas metodológicas y las experiencias del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje necesarios para perfeccionar, en un futuro, el proceso de elaboración de textos didácticos para la educación a distancia.Abstract:I present the validation of the book History of the Catholic Church of Costa Rica: Challenges and Answers (Historia de la Iglesia Católica de Costa Rica: desafíos y respuestas by Miguel Picado Gatjens made with the help of the students of the Metropolitan University Center of the State Distance University (Centro Universitario Metropolitano de la Universidad Estatal a Distancia, UNED and a team from different fields of study.This book was validated through a written survey designed by the Office of Program of Written Materials (La Oficina de Programa de Materiales Didácticos, PROMADE of UNED and it was given to the alumni and the faculty. It was concluded from the results of the survey, how and what to teach about the history of Catholicism in order to promote thought and good development in the students of the State University of Distance Learning (UNED. With the design and creation of this text, the contents, the learning objectives and activities and the methodology

Book reviews

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Redactie KITLV

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Peter Borschberg (ed., Iberians in the Singapore-Melaka area and adjacent regions (16th to 18th century (Syed Muhd Khairudin Aljunied Katharine L. Wiegele, Investing in miracles; El Shaddai and the transformation of popular Catholicism in the Philippines (Greg Bankoff Jean Gelman Taylor, Indonesia; Peoples and histories (Peter Boomgaard Clive Moore, New Guinea; Crossing boundaries and history (Harold Brookfield Nathan Porath, When the bird flies; Shamanic therapy and the maintenance of worldly boundaries among an indigenous people of Riau (Sumatra (Cynthia Chou and Martin Platt Paul van der Grijp, Identity and development; Tongan culture, agriculture, and the perenniality of the gift (H.J.M. Claessen Tim Bunnell, Malaysia, modernity and the multimedia super corridor; A critical geography of intelligent landscapes (Ben Derudder L. Fontijne, Guardians of the land in Kelimado; Louis Fontijne’s study of a colonial district in eastern Indonesia (Maribeth Erb Karl-Heinz Golzio, Geschichte Kambodschas; Das Land der Khmer von Angkor bis zur Gegenwart (Volker Grabowsky Emmanuel Poisson, Mandarins et subalternes au nord du Viêt Nam; Une bureaucracie à l’épreuve (1820-1918 (Martin Grossheim Generale Missiven van Gouverneurs-Generaal en Raden aan Heren XVII der Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie, Volume 10, 1737-1743 (Gerrit Knaap Aris Ananta and Evi Nurvidya Arifin (eds, International migration in Southeast Asia (Santo Koesoebjono Vladimir Braginsky, The comparative study of traditional Asian literatures; From reflective traditionalism to neo-traditionalism (G.L. Koster Fiona Kerlogue (ed., Performing objects; Museums, material culture and performance in Southeast Asia (Jennifer Lindsay Th.C. van der Meij, Puspakrema; A Javanese romance from Lombok (Julian Millie Robyn Maxwell, Sari to sarong; Five hundred years of Indian and Indonesian textile exchange -- Jasleen Dhamija, Woven magic; The affinity between

A produção de reconhecimento num contexto popular: devoção e narrativa contemporâneas / The production of recognition in a popular context: contemporary devotion and narrative

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Régis de Toledo Souza

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Dentro da dinâmica de lutas de reconhecimento da cultura popular do vale do Paraíba paulista, identificamos sujeitos responsáveis pelo registro e pela transmissão oral das narrativas de grupos devocionais do catolicismo popular. Atualmente, para sistematizar o registro de suas narrativas, verificamos que alguns sujeitos populares apropriam-se das técnicas e tecnologias antes exclusivas dos profissionais (jornalistas e pesquisadores que geralmente não participam do cotidiano dos sujeitos populares. Constatamos que, ao realizarem esse movimento, esses sujeitos populares passaram a ocupar um espaço de coexistência de vários discursos que disputam os sentidos dessas práticas religiosas, criando uma circularidade dos significados que colocam um desafio para os próprios pesquisadores, pois os discursos e práticas dos pesquisadores tornam agora mais complexas as interpretações das devoções populares e de seus sujeitos. Nas novas narrativas dos especialistas “nativos" existe o uso de categorias assimiladas da lógica de domínios exógenos mais amplos que se fazem presentes em seus cotidianos. / Within the dynamic of struggles for recognition of popular culture in Paraiba Valley, state of São Paulo/Brazil, we identified individuals responsible for the register and oral transmission of narratives of devotional groups of popular Catholicism. Nowadays, to systematize the register of their narratives, we verified that some individuals of these groups appropriate techniques and technologies which were once exclusive to professionals (journalists and researchers that generally do not participate in the individual‟s everyday life. It was observed that, by making this movement, these popular Catholics started to occupy a space of coexistence of several discourses which fight for the meanings of these religious practices, creating a circularity of meanings that challenge the researchers, since their discourses and practices now make the

Polish Decadence: Leopold Staff's Igrzysko in the European Context

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Julia Przybos

2012-03-01

expression. It is my hypothesis that taken out of its secular context, religious revisionism of the kind practiced by French decadents may be seen as shocking transgression in a fiercely catholic country like Poland. In the country that lost its independence in 1794 and was ever since seeking to regain it, Catholic Church was perceived as an essential ally in the struggle against main occupying powers: Orthodox Russia, and Protestant Prussia. In the course of the 19th century Catholicism and patriotism had been effectively fused in Polish national conscience. In this charged political context a Polish author revisiting Church dogma or tradition was at risk of being perceived not only as a religious outcast but also as a traitor to the cause of Polish independence. To test my hypothesis I propose to examine Igrzysko (Game, a forgotten play by Leopold Staff. Admired today chiefly as a poet, the young Staff wrote Igrzysko in Poland after a long sojourn in Paris where he had lived among the international crowd of fin de siècle writers and artists. The play was first produced in Lemberg in 1909 and after a few performances vanished forever from Polish theatrical repertoire. Leopold Staff's play is set in ancient Rome and depicts tribulations of an actor who, while impersonating a Christian awaiting crucifixion, converts to Christianity. In his play, Staff revives the legend of Saint Genesius, an actor in Arles who died a martyr's death in 286 under Diocletian. In Spain, Saint Genesius's legend inspired Lope de Vega who wrote Acting is Believing (Lo fingido verdadero, 1607. In France, it was the source for Jean Rotrou's Saint Genest (1646. All told, the legend of Genesius is a popular theme for artists who wish to explore the distinction between art and life. An important addition to this old tradition, Staff's play contains, however, a decadent and potentially scandalous twist. Unlike in Acting is Believing and Saint Genest, the protagonist's conversion is very short

Historical and Doctrinal Background for the Study of Secularism | Antecedentes históricos y doctrinales para el estudio del laicismo

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Salvador Ordóñez Delgado

2007-12-01

Full Text Available In the history of Spanish constitutionalism, progressive texts have included several provisions of a secular character, as in the case of the draft federal Constitution of 1873 and, especially, the Republican Constitution of 1931 and the various regulations adopted during the Second Republic, as well as the period of the Sexenio Democrático, in contrast to the setback of the Restoration period and, particularly, the Franco period, during which Catholicism became the official State religion, as part of the special treatment which the Catholic Church obtained in its relations with the State. The current Constitution of 1978 restored the secular spirit of the Republican period within a framework of respectful relations with the Catholic Church. In this context, the successive democratic governments have devised their educational policies, in which secular principles have depended on the political colour of the various cabinets and the distribution of parliamentary seats, against the background of the agreements between the Spanish State and the Holy See of 1979. | En la historia del constitucionalismo español, los textos progresistas contemplan diversas disposiciones de carácter laicista, como es el caso del proyecto de Constitución federal de 1873 y, especialmente, la Constitución republicana de 1931 y las distintas disposiciones legislativas aprobadas durante la II República, además de la etapa del Sexenio democrático, en contraposición con el retroceso que representa la época de la Restauración y particularmente el franquismo, en el que el catolicismo se convierte en la religión oficial del Estado, de acuerdo con el especial tratamiento que consigue la Iglesia en sus relaciones con el Estado. La actual Constitución de 1978 retoma el espíritu laico de la etapa republicana en el marco de unas relaciones de respeto con la Iglesia católica. En este contexto, los gobiernos democráticos han elaborado sus políticas educativas, en las

“Por cristo luto; por cristo vos conclamo”. Plínio Salgado e o catolicismo no Brasil: um casamento perfeito? = "Mourning in christ; christ in you I call". Plínio Salgado and Catholicism in Brazil: a perfect marriage?

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Oliveira, Alexandre Luís de

2016-01-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho tem por objetivo demonstrar o quanto à separação do Estado com a religião, processo conhecido como secularização, enfrentou resistência por parte de lideranças políticas da década de 1930, em especial o Chefe Nacional da Ação Integralista Brasileira (AIB, Plínio Salgado. Suas posições se pautavam na resistência a um processo que havia se iniciado já no fim do século XIX, com a Proclamação da República e a não mais associação entre Estado brasileiro e Igreja Católica Romana. Sua atuação foi marcadamente influenciada por uma religiosidade aflorada, e em seus textos ficou evidente a tentativa de manter o Estado atrelado ao catolicismo. Juntamente a esses fatos, demonstramos o quanto as relações das lideranças católicas e Plínio Salgado foram repletas de movimentos de aproximação e distanciamento, principalmente devido à desconfiança dessas em relação ao futuro político do Brasil. Nosso esforço é no sentido de compreender o quanto esse processo de secularização não foi pacífico e muito menos aceito por toda a sociedade da época

Praktik Pemikiran Inklusif-Sosial KH M Sholeh Bahruddin Ngalah sebagai Manifestasi Pendidikan Multikultural Pesantren

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M Anang Sholikhudin

2016-12-01

and old, and being good with all creatures. This study focuses on the practice of inclusive social thought of KH M Sholeh Bahruddin, and the approach used in this study is expose-facto. The data retrieved through observation, interviews and documentation. The study concluded that the practice of inclusive social thought of KH M Sholeh Bahruddin actually tries to unite each mission commanded by religions (Islam, Christianity, Catholicism, Buddhism and Confucianism that establish peace and security, as well as maintain affection together and minimize religious conflicts.

Algumas raízes do anti-semitismo no Brasil ou um outro olhar sobre Paris Anti-semitic roots in Brazil or a different view of Paris

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Eva Alterman Blay

2001-05-01

Full Text Available A construção da cultura passa por múltiplas influências culturais. A dinâmica cultural desmente pretensas posições etnocêntricas. Ao longo do tempo a história brasileira se viu vinculada a vários sistemas socioculturais e, nos dois últimos séculos, às influências ibérica, africana e indígena houve intensa incorporação da cultura francesa e anglo-saxônica que somadas, moldaram, em grande parte, nossos corações e mentes. Neste trabalho se focaliza a influência da cultura e do catolicismo conservador francês na formação do anti-semitismo brasileiro. A partir da análise da iconografia religiosa se observará uma das fontes da construção da diabolização do judeu no imaginário popular e culto. A construção da exclusão social dos judeus franceses e sua deportação para campos de concentração será observada através de um roteiro pelo Marais, o bairro judaico de Paris. A arquitetura concentracionista de Corbusier completa o quadro da exclusão social. Todos estes elementos, reunidos, permitem entender, em parte, como foi sendo construída a imagem do judeu imigrante no Brasil expressa por vários autores.The construction of culture undergoes a number of cultural influences. Cultural dynamics disavows alleged ethnocentric positions. From the beginning, Brazilian history has been linked to various socio-cultural systems. In the last two centuries, an intense incorporation of French and Anglo-Saxon cultures has been added to the Iberian, African and Native influences. Together, these have molded, to a large extent, our hearts and minds. This paper focuses on the influence of French culture and French conservative Catholicism in the constitution of Brazilian anti-semitism. The analisys of religious iconography reveals one of the sources of the satanization of the Jews in popular and elite imagination. The development of the social exclusion of the French Jews and their deportation to the concentration camps is analysed

Manuel Larraín y la conciencia eclesial latinoamericana: Visión y legado de un precursor

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Fernando Berríos

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Manuel Larraín Errázuriz, obispo de Talca, Chile, entre 1938 y 1966, es una de las principales figuras de la Iglesia latinoamericana del siglo XX y uno de los más importantes precursores del Concilio Vaticano II en este continente, sobre todo por su actitud de apertura a los desafíos y complejidades del mundo moderno desde una profunda fidelidad al Evangelio. El artículo busca destacar su aporte, en ese horizonte, a la conformación de una conciencia eclesial auténticamente latinoamericana. La primera parte es una presentación del catolicismo chileno tradicional en que él se formó y que más tarde se abriría a perspectivas más amplias por diversos influjos históricos. La segunda parte se refiere a cuatro grandes temas y circunstancias en los que Manuel Larraín jugó un destacado rol como pastor, forjando así esa conciencia eclesial que ha quedado como su principal legado. El texto concluye con una breve reflexión sobre este legado y sobre los desafíos que él plantea hasta hoy a la Iglesia del continente.Manuel Larraín Errázuriz, bishop of Talca, Chile, between 1938 and 1966, is one of the principal figures of the Latin American Church in the 20th century, and one of the most important forerunners of Vatican Council II on this continent, above all for the openness of his attitude while facing the challenges and complexities of the modern world from a position of deep faithfulness to the Gospel. This article seeks to emphasize his contribution, on that horizon, to the conformation of an authentically Latin American ecclesial consciousness. The first part of this article is a presentation of the traditional Chilean Catholicism in which he was brought up and which, later on, would open itself to wider perspectives thanks to different historical influences. The second part refers to four great themes and the circumstances in which Manuel Larraín played an important role as pastor, thus forging that ecclesial consciousness which

The Emotional Museum. Thoughts on the “Secular Relics” of Nineteenth-Century History Museums in Paris and their Posterity

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Felicity Bodenstein

2011-04-01

Full Text Available Cet article examine le discours élaboré dans les musées d’histoire à Paris au cours du XIXe siècle à travers la présentation d’effets personnels et privés « ayant appartenu à » des personnages historiques célèbres, des artistes ou écrivains. Comment et pourquoi a-t-on choisi de présenter des objets en soi aussi banals et profanes que le mouchoir de Napoléon ou une boucle des cheveux de Marie-Antoinette ? Dans le cadre rationnel du musée public, quel sens peut-on encore donner à ces objets qui ne fournissent pas d’information documentaire et qui n’ont pour ainsi dire pas de valeur esthétique ?De fait, cette tradition muséographique a encore toute sa place dans les musées d’aujourd’hui, surtout dans les musées maisons et les musées biographiques. Nous allons considérer son apparition depuis la Révolution comme la transposition de pratiques commémoratives chrétiennes dans le monde laïc de l’État républicain, mais aussi comme le transfert d’un culte privé dans le domaine public. Cela nous permet d’examiner le caractère affectif des rapports que ces objets établissent avec l’histoire.This article examines the discourse elaborated in Paris’ historical museums during the nineteenth century through the display of personal, private objects “having belonged to” famous historical figures, artistes and writers. How and why do we exhibit objects in and of themselves as banal as the handkerchief of Napoleon or locks of Marie-Antoinette’s hair? In the scheme of the rational public museum, what meaning was and is still given to these objects of little documentary or artistic importance?Indeed this museographical tradition still holds an important place in museums today, especially in biographical or personal museums, its appearance during the Revolution and its subsequent development will be considered as the transposition of a commemorative practice taken from Catholicism and introduced into the

Rituais Fúnebres em memórias de velhos (Funeral rituals in old people memories - DOI: 10.5752/P.2175-5841.2011v9n24p1112

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Marisete Teresinha Hoffmann-Horochovski

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Este artigo discute as mudanças e permanências que caracterizam o universo simbólico da morte, especialmente no tocante aos rituais fúnebres. O intuito principal é perceber como esses rituais foram se modificando significativamente na sociedade brasileira das últimas décadas do século XX, principalmente nos centros urbanos. Para tanto, investigamos memórias de idosos com sessenta e cinco anos ou mais, socializados no catolicismo e residentes em Curitiba/PR, colhidas por meio da história oral. Sobreviventes, os velhos pesquisados testemunharam muitas mortes e participaram de inúmeros rituais ao longo de sua existência e, por isso mesmo, podem lembra-los e transmiti-los com propriedade. Por meio de suas vozes, abre-se a possibilidade de entender uma época na qual a morte representava verdadeiro acontecimento social que promovia interação e reforçava os laços de solidariedade. Época que contrasta com a atual, caracterizada pela crescente dessocialização da morte e pela aceleração e simplificação das práticas rituais. Palavras-chave: Morte. Rituais fúnebres. Memórias de velhos. Abstract This article aims to discuss the changes and continuities that characterize the symbolic universe of death, particularly with regard to funeral rites. This research also aims to comprehend how these rituals have been modified significantly in Brazilian society over the last decades of the twentieth century, especially in urban centers. In this sense, this paper investigates the memories of people older than 65 years of age, who were socialized in Catholicism and resides in Curitiba – Paraná –Brazil. These memories were collected through oral history. The surveyed people witnessed many deaths and participated in various rituals throughout its existence and, for this reason they can recall these rituals and transmit them properly. Through these elderly people

Women, sexuality, ecology, and the church.

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Ruether, R R

1993-01-01

This abridged article originally was given as a lecture at Seattle University. The view presented is that women's status within the Catholic Church is subordinate to men's status, and that the Church is misguided in its notion of protection of and support for life. Affirmation of life is not promoted by isolated acts of giving birth, but exists in a social and ecological system in a community over time. The fit between children being born and the network to sustain their lives is misaligned. The minority of the world's population has control over the majority of the world's resources, while the majority live in misery, poverty, and starvation. The affirmation of the value of human life must be both qualitative and quantitative. The woman must be empowered, and not continually defined and controlled by male decision makers. Being prolife means to change the conditions of women and the conditions that deny most humans adequate food, clear air and water, housing, and land to sustain life. The American Catholic Bishops confuse teachings on abortion and teachings on nuclear arms buildup. American Catholic Bishops have had great difficulty formulating a pastoral letter on women, which is unfair to the growing number of women who are alienated by the treatment of the church. The denigration of women is deeply imbedded within Catholicism and Christianity, in general, in spirituality and practice. The issue of abortion has more to do with paternalism and women's sexuality and reproduction than valuing or nonvaluing fetal life. Women are denied leadership within the church because of women's sinful nature and the need for paternalism as a punishment for self-determination. St. Augustine stated that two men were not created in God's image and lack personhood. Thomas Aquinas agreed with Aristotle that women are defective due to a gestational process which deprives women of full mental, moral, or physical humanity. Only a man can fulfill the role of priest. The taboo of woman

TRADIÇOES ORGANICISTAS: IDEAIAS POLÍTICAS E PRÁTICAS DE REPRESENTAÇAO NA REPÚBLICA PORTUGUESA (1910-1926 = THE ORGANICISTS TRADITIONS: POLITICAL IDEAS AND PRACTICES OF REPRESENTATION IN THE PORTUGUESE REPUBLIC (1910-1926

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Ernesto Castro Leal

2015-12-01

Full Text Available O objectivo deste texto é analisar a inscrição de ideias e práticas orgânicas sobre a representação política dos interesses organizados dentro de projectos constitucionais e programas políticos  presentados durante a Primeira República Portuguesa. As áreas ideológicas principais sujeitas a análise foram o republicanismo, o monarquismo e o catolicismo. Essa recepção faz parte da história das principais tradições organicistas portuguesas e contribuíram para a construção do modelo representativo consultivo presente na Câmara Corporativa do Estado Novo Português, onde haverá representantes das autarquias locais e dos interesses organizados.El objetivo del presente texto es examinar el registro de ideas y de prácticas orgánicas acerca de la representación política de los intereses ordenados en proyectos constitucionales y programas políticos presentados durante la Primera República Portuguesa. Las principales zonas ideológicas sometidas a un análisis fueron el republicanismo, el monarquismo y el catolicismo, donde se ha expresado culturas políticas liberales y antiliberales. Esa recepción es parte de la historia de las principales tradiciones organicistas portuguesas que han contribuido a construcción del modelo representativo consultivo presente en la Cámara Corporativa del Estado Novo Portugués, donde habrá representantes de las autarcías locales y de los intereses ordenados.The following text’s main goal is to analyse the instillation of ideas and organic practices about the political representation of the organisational interests included in constitutional projects and political programs presented during the Portuguese First Republic. Republicanism, Monarchism and Catholicism were the main ideological areas subjected to study having shown both liberal and anti-liberal political cultures. That reception is part of the history of the main traditions of Portuguese Organicism, and has

CRENÇAS RELIGIOSAS, FANATISMO E SECULARIDADE NA AMÉRICA LATINA

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João Batista Libânio

2008-01-01

Full Text Available A trajetória da religiosidade na América Latina parte do catolicismo popular tradicional que se radicou no profundo do povo por obra da primeira evangelização. Caracterizou-se por valorizar os milagres, as promessas, a devoção a Nossa Senhora e aos santos, com traços penitenciais, de caráter leigo, familiar, com enorme tolerância moral. Depois a reforma romana no espírito do Concílio de Trento se fez valer a partir da 2ª metade do século XIX. Some-se um messianismo mágico que existe até hoje sob diversas formas. A renovação profunda veio com o Concílio Vaticano II. A versão latino-americana, original, da libertação se forjou em Medellín com continuidade moderada em Puebla. No momento atual, experimenta-se explosão religiosa polimorfa. E para fechar o itinerário, a V Conferência dos Bispos em Aparecida convoca os católicos para uma experiência de encontro pessoal com Cristo na Igreja na esperança de se converterem em discípulos missionários. No horizonte está a expectativa de uma Grande Missão Continental. ABSTRACT: Latin America religiosity begins with popular Catholicism which is rooted deep down in people’s soul by the work of the first evangelization. It characterizes by emphasizing miracles, vows, devotion to Our Lady and saints, with penitential traces, laity character, familial mindset, moral tolerance. In the spirit of the Trent council later in the second half of 19th century the Roman reform prevailed. Under many forms magic Messianic movements exist even today. A profound renovation arises with the second Vatican council. Its Latin America original version of liberation was forged in Medellín with moderate continuation in Puebla. In the current moment there is an explosion of multifaceted religious experience. And to close the journey, the 5th Conference of Bishops in Aparecida calls Catholics to have an experience of personal encounter with Christ in the Church in the hope of converting them into

La peinture religieuse monumentale, une expression artistique emblématique du nord de la France au XIXe siècle ?

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Catherine Guillot

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Issue d’une première tentative de synthèse portant sur la peinture monumentale religieuse à Lille dans la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle, cette étude permet d’exhumer l’œuvre d’artistes régionaux, mais également belges et néerlandais, mettant en évidence le rôle de carrefour de l’actuelle métropole lilloise. Dans une région fortement marquée par le catholicisme, les sujets traités sont à la fois le reflet des dévotions nationales et de cultes plus locaux, que ce soit à travers la figure de saint Vincent de Paul, le rôle de la Vierge ou la dévotion aux âmes du purgatoire qui prend une importance particulière à partir du foyer de Loos. Cette expression artistique et religieuse se développe sous la forme de grands cycles dont la réalisation connaît son apogée sous la IIIe République, en particulier de 1880 à 1900. Une fois ce panorama dressé, il devient possible d’interroger les catégories traditionnelles de l’art à cette époque, la notion centrale de primitivisme et les jugements de valeur auxquels cette peinture est encore souvent soumise.This article is based on a synthetic analysis of monumental religious painting at Lille during the second half of the 19th century. This study led to the rediscovery of many regional artists, but also Belgian and Dutch artists, underlining the long history of Lille’s present-day position as an international crossroads. In a region which was strongly marked by Catholicism, the subjects dealt with offer a reflection of national devotional practices but also draw attention to more local cults. Examples here include the figure of Saint Vincent de Paul, the role of the Virgin Mary and the devotion to souls in purgatory, which is particularly important in Loos. This artistic and religious expression develops according to major cycles which reached a high point during the Third Republic, and particularly from 1880 to 1890. Once this general overview has been established

Universidad y un nuevo orden espiritual: el caso de la FUCI 1933-1939

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Jorge Dagnino Jiménez

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo tiene por objetivo el análisis de los principales aportes a una nueva vision del catolicismo y elaboración teológica de la Federazione Universitaria Cattolica Italiana (FUCI entre 1933 y 1939. La FUCI, la organización oficial de Acción Católica para los estudiantes universitarios de la época, fue liderada por Giovanni Battista Montini, el futuro Papa Pablo VI, entre 1925 y 1933. Hasta el día de hoy, la organización es principalmente conocida por haber formado en sus filas a gran parte de la futura clase dirigente demócrata cristiana que gobernaría Italia durante buena parte de la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Así, otros procesos de igual valor han tendido a ser dejados de lado por la historiografía. Este artículo pretende colaborar a llenar este vacío, concentrándose en la elaboración teológica de la federación, en especial la formación de la personalidad cristiana en torno a un cristianismo 'totalitario', la eclesiología de Emilio Guano y los nuevos modelos de santidad del período, todo con el fin último de ofrecer una variante de una modernidad católica para la Iglesia del período.The present study aims at analyzing the main contributions made by the Federazione Universitaria Cattolica Italiana (FUCI to a new vision of Catholicism and theological elaboration between 1933 and 1939. As the official university student organization for Catholic Action at that time, the FUCI was led by Giovanni Battista Montini, who later became Pope Paul VI between 1925 and 1933. To date, this organization has been known to have bred most of the Christian Democratic ruling class that governed Italy for almost the entire second half of the XX century. Nevertheless, this and other processes with similar historical value have been left out of the books. This paper intends to contribute to filling such gap and focus on the theological elaboration of the FUCI. In particular, it analyzes how the organization developed a Christian

Conflitos de gerações: Gustavo Corção e a juventude católica (Generation conflict: Gustavo Corção and Catholic Youth

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Christiane Jalles de Paula

2012-07-01

Full Text Available Este artigo aborda o combate que empreendeu Gustavo Corção à juventude católica brasileira nas páginas do Diário de Notícias e d’ O Globo entre as décadas de 1950 e de 1960. No caso em tela, interessa-nos entender as reações de Gustavo Corção às mudanças na sociedade e na Igreja Católica entre 1957 e 1964. A hipótese é que as críticas de Corção explicitam o conflito entre duas gerações de católicos: uma conservadora; a dele; e outra progressista, a das organizações de jovens católicos, mais especificamente, a da Juventude Universitária Católica (JUC. Apresentaremos a disputa a partir do exame da seguinte questão: o papel que a juventude brasileira deveria desempenhar naqueles anos. O objetivo é mostrar que suas críticas à opção de ação temporal assumida pelas organizações de juventude católica devem ser lidas pela chave do conflito geracional que marcou o campo católico brasileiro. Palavras-chave: Catolicismo. Gerações. Gustavo Corção. Juventude católica.   Abstract: This paper discusses the fight of Brazilian Catholic Youth Gustavo Corção in the newspapers Diário de Notícias and O Globo in the 1950s and 1960s. In case we are interested in understanding the reactions of Gustavo Corção to changes in society and the Catholic Church between 1957 and 1964. The hypothesis is that the criticism of Corção explains the conflict between two generations of Catholics: a conservative and other progressive, represented by the Catholic youth organizations, more specifically, the Youth Catholic University. We are going to examine the question: the role that Brazilian youth should play in those years. Therefore, the aim is to show that his criticism of the political action undertaken by the young catholic organizations should be read by the key of generation conflict which has marked the Brazilian Catholic field. Keywords: Catholicism. Generations. Gustavo Corção. Catholic youth organizations.

La identidad nacional y Calderón en la polémica teatral de 1762-1764

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Bezhanova, Olga

2004-06-01

Full Text Available Drawing on contemporary theories about national identity, legitimacy and intellectual authority this article explores identitarian issues at stake during the 1762-1764 controversy on Spanish theater. Re-reading texts by Clavijo y Fajardo (El Pensador, Nicolás Fernández de Moratín (Desengaños al teatro español and other writings, Mariano José Nipho (Diario Estrangero and La nación española defendida and José Romea y Tapia (El escritor sin título we contend that what these authors are debating indeed is not theater but the legitimacy and authority they are claiming for, and ultimately opposing conceptions of national identity. Calderón becoming a cultural icon of such identity. Particularly significant is the role of autos sacramentales in this context. In effect, acrimony and irritation are part of this polemics because orthodox Catholicism is, from a conservative point of view, an essential component of what they consider Spanish national identity. The prohibition of the autos is just a sign of a temporary change in the relationship of forces.A partir de teorías actuales sobre la identidad nacional, la legitimidad y la autoridad intelectual, este artículo explora los puntos clave identitarios que se ponen en juego durante la polémica sobre el teatro español de los años 1762-1764. Mediante una re-lectura de los textos de Clavijo y Fajardo (El Pensador, Nicolás Fernández de Moratín (Desengaños al teatro español y otros escritos, Mariano José Nipho (Diario Estrangero y La nación española defendida y José Romea y Tapia (El escritor sin título, sostenemos que lo que estos autores discuten realmente no es sobre el teatro, sino sobre la legitimidad y autoridad que reclaman, y en último término concepciones enfrentadas sobre la identidad nacional, de la que Calderón parece convertirse en icono cultural. De particular significación es el papel de los autos sacramentales en este contexto. En efecto, la acritud y la irritaci

Festa da Ouriçada e devoção a Santa Luzia na praia de Suape-PE: expressão sincrética e simbólica da biodiversidade e do território de pescadores artesanais (Sea Urching Festival and the devotion to Santa Lucia, on the beach of Suape, Pernambuco.

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Juana de Oliveira Santos

2013-06-01

ethnographic study that uses the participant observation and interviews with special emphasis on life story, as well as literature and documents.   The methodology took into account also the memory narrative composed of “symbols that mark the identity of a social group”. (TEDESCO, 2002, highlighting elements as “social relationship, their ties of belonging, the nature of biophysical meaning into their lives and the environmental conflicts experienced” (SOUZA, 2009. Keywords: Popular Catholicism. Territorial conflicts. Symbolism. Biodiversity.

A Religiosidade Trinitária do Povo Goiano (The Religious Faith on Trinity of people from Goiás, Brazil - DOI: 10.5752/P.2175-5841.2011v9n23p763

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Irene Dias Oliveira

2012-02-01

Full Text Available Pretende-se, neste artigo, inserir o leitor no universo do catolicismo popular do povo goiano a partir de suas três dimensões: o culto popular à figura de Deus Pai, que em Goiás ganha o nome de Divino Pai Eterno, na cidade de Trindade; a devoção popular à figura de Deus Filho, no culto ao Senhor Bom Jesus dos Passos, na Cidade de Goiás; e por último, no culto ao Espírito Santo, na Festa das Cavalhadas, na cidade de Pirenópolis. Na religiosidade popular sagrado e profano se mesclam no cenário do cerrado goiano do Brasil Central. Na pesquisa realizada percebe-se que o povo goiano não separa sua experiência de fé das experiências do cotidiano em suas devoções populares. O povo do cerrado sabe suspender momentaneamente a dureza do dia-a-dia, mergulhar num estado de graça e dele sair revigorado para enfrentar as vicissitudes que a vida impõe a todos. O panorama religioso goiano é marcado pelas festas apresentadas nesse artigo e por outras que floreiam o calendário secular e religioso local. Palavras chave: Religiosidade popular, Divino Pai Eterno, Senhor Bom Jesus dos Passos, Festa do Divino Abstract This article intends to insert the reader within the universe of popular Catholicism in the state of Goiás in Brazil through three dimensions: the popular cult of God as father which is called in Goiás the Divino Pai Eterno in the city of Trindade; the devotion of the Son called Bom Jesus dos Passos in the city of Goiás and at last, the cult of Holy Spirit as it is shown in the city of Pirinópolis during a festivity known as Festa das Cavalhadas. In central region of Brazil the popular religiosity, the sacred and the profane appear mixed. This research clarifies that people does not separate their faith from their everyday experiences. People from Cerrado land knows both how to suspend temporarily the hardness of daily life and to dive into the state of grace. They come out from that experience fulfilled with the necessary

Calvin on Human Reason

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Nicolaas Vorster

2014-10-01

Full Text Available In his recent book The Unintended Reformation, Brad Gregory makes the statement that the Reformation replaced the teleological social ethics of Roman Catholicism based on virtue with formal social ethics based on rules and enforced by magistrates, because they regarded human reason as too depraved to acquire virtue. The result, according to Gregory, is that the relation between internalised values and rules were undermined. This article asks whether this accusation is true with regard to Calvin. The first section discusses the intellectual environment of Calvin’s day – something that inevitably influenced his theory on reason, whilst the second part analyses Calvin’s view on the created nature of reason. The third section investigates Calvin’s view on the effects of sin on reason; and the fourth section discusses Calvin’s perspective on the relation between grace and reason. The article concludes that Gregory’s accusation against the Reformation is not applicable to Calvin. Gregory fails to take into account Calvin’s modified position that the imago Dei was not totally destroyed by sin as well as his teaching on common grace that maintains that even non-believers are able to acquire virtue through the common grace of God. Calvyn oor Menslike Rede. In sy onlangse boek, The Unintended Reformation, maak Brad Gregory die stelling dat die Reformasie die substantiewe teleologiese deugde-etiek van die Rooms-Katolisisme vervang het met ‘n formele etiek gebaseer op reëls wat deur magistrate afgedwing moet word. Die Reformasie was, volgens Gregory, van mening dat die menslike rede sodanig deur sonde geskend is dat die mens nie langer deugde kan beoefen nie. Dit het tot ‘n skadelike skeiding tussen waardes en reëls gelei. Hierdie artikel ondersoek die vraag of Gregory se stelling op Calvyn van toepassing is. Die eerste afdeling bespreek die intellektuele omgewing waarin Calvyn gewerk het. Tweedens word Gregory se siening van die geskape

Les contextes de la conversion à l’époque de la Réforme Contexts of conversion at time of Reform

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Raymond Mentzer

2010-03-01

obliged to convert to Catholicism in 1685 when the Sun King revoked the Edict of Nantes. How did they go about submitting to conversion and, at the same time, devise strategies for maintaining their Reformed faith, safeguarding their families, and avoiding the menace of the Catholic monarchy and its ecclesiastical allies?

Bispos conservadores brasileiros no Concílio Vaticano II (1962-1965: D. Geraldo de Proença Sigaud e D. Antônio de Castro Mayer - DOI: 10.5752/P.2175-5841.2011v9n24p1010

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Rodrigo Coppe Caldeira

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Desde o século XIX o catolicismo foi assinalado por uma divisão interna advinda das demandas pastorais de como a Igreja Católica deveria se situar e responder aos novos desafios lançados pela modernidade. Uns entendiam que ela deveria dialogar com modernidade, abrindo-se àquelas perspectivas positivas do projeto moderno, outros negavam qualquer possibilidade de tal diálogo, vendo nos valores modernos apenas anticristianismo e perdição, defendendo o lançamento de anátemas aqueles que, possivelmente, se desviassem da ortodoxia. O Concílio Vaticano II (1962-1965 pode ser compreendido como um campo de lutas simbólico-normativas, no qual estas duas tendências colocaram-se frente a frente nos inúmeros debates. Este artigo tem como objetivo principal apresentar brevemente a atuação de dois bispos brasileiros conservadores no concílio: D. Antônio de Castro Mayer e D. Geraldo de Proença Sigaud (1962-1965. Para tanto, apresentaremos algumas das principais intervenções dos bispos na assembleia conciliar, chamando atenção para os temas em que travaram maior combate, como liberdade religiosa, liturgia e organização hierárquica da Igreja. AbstractSince the 19th century Catholicism has been marked by internal divisions arising from the pastoral demands of how the Catholic Church should position itself and deal with the new challenges launched by modern times. Some people understood that the Catholic Church was supposed to evolve with modern times and open itself to new perspectives related to the modern project. Others denied any possibility of dialogue with the modern times and believed that modern values would encourage scepticism and anti Christianity, defending also the excommunication of those who deviate from orthodoxy. The Second Vatican Council (1962-1965 can be understood as a symbolic-normative battle field, in which two divergent positions are in continuous confrontation. This article aims to briefly present the

Iglesia y movimiento obrero en la Rioja (1876-1923

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Sergio Cañas Díez

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Dentro de la compleja relación entre catolicismo, laicismo y anticlericalismo, dada en la historia contemporánea de España, tanto el movimiento obrero como la Iglesia desempeña-ron un papel crucial a la hora de ganarse las simpatías y el rechazo de las distintas clases sociales y de los individuos que la compusieron. En una tesitura regional de enfrentamiento entre los grupos dirigentes y dirigidos en La Restauración, la propia Iglesia riojana deberá adaptarse a las nuevas circunstancias políticas y socioeconómicas creadas por el nuevo orden administrativo liberal y la organización capitalista del trabajo, del mismo modo en que a medida que estas estructuras vayan articulándose y desarrollándose en la provincia de Logroño, crearán un caldo de cultivo propicio para el desarrollo de distintos conflictos sociales. Estudiando la visión católica del movimiento obrero en La Rioja, podemos comprobar hasta qué punto la Iglesia aceptó, o no, las aspiraciones de los trabajadores, así como la lógica de sus enfrentamientos y las distintas derivas que éstos tuvieron para la historia posterior.      Palabras clave: Iglesia, Restauración, La Rioja, movimiento obrero, conflicto social.  _______________ Abstract: Inside the complex relation between catholicism, laity and anticlericalism, given in the contemporary history of Spain, both the labor movement and the Church played a crucially role at the moment of there be gaining the sharm and the rejection of the different social classes and of the individuals who com-posed it. In a regional attitude of clash between the groups leader and directed in La Restauración, the own Riojan Church will have to adapt to the new political and socioeconomic circumstances created by the new administrative liberal order and the capitalist organization of the work, in the same way in that as these structures go being articulated and developing in the province of Logroño, they will create a propitious

As irmandades de negros: resistência e repressão (The black brotherhoods: resistance and repression DOI 10.5752/P.2175-5841.2011v9n21p202

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Ana Lúcia Eduardo Farah Valente

2011-03-01

Full Text Available A Igreja Católica legitimou prática e teoricamente o sistema colonial brasileiro e teve um caráter predominantemente leigo, por força da instituição do padroado. Pouco foi escrito sobre as irmandades de negros. As análises têm se restringido a observar que desempenharam um importante papel na manutenção das crenças religiosas africanas. Com a República, o processo de romanização empreendido pela Igreja teve por objetivo a desvalorização do catolicismo laico, com o desmantelamento das antigas irmandades e sua substituição por novas organizações leigas. Impõe-se caracterizar o papel desempenhado pela resistência, sem o quê seria difícil entender a existência atual da Irmandade Nossa Senhora do Rosário dos Homens Pretos de São Paulo, fundada em 1711, na região central da cidade. Sua história se confunde com a história das irmandades de negros em geral, mas oferece exemplo de como continuou a ser repositório da tradição popular, calcada em prática religiosa católica 'branca' e prática religiosa 'negra', pensada a partir do patamar da escravidão.Palavras-chave: religião; poder; laicidade. AbstractThe Catholic Church legitimized practical and theoretically the Brazilian colonial system and had a predominantly lay character by virtue of the institution of patronage. Little has been written about the brotherhoods among black people. The analysis have been restricted to noting that they have played an important role in maintaining the religious African beliefs. With the Republic, the romanization process undertaken by the Church  has aimed the devaluation of the laic Catholicism, with the dismantling of old brotherhoods and their replacement by new lay organizations. It is necessary to characterize the role played by resistance, without which it would be difficult to understand the actual existence of the Irmandade Nossa Senhora dos Homens Pretos de São Paulo, founded in 1711, in the central region of the city

La Biblioteca del Monasterio de Fitero a fines del Renacimiento e inicio del Barroco

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Ostolaza Elizondo, Maria Isabel

2013-06-01

Full Text Available The article describes the time of the creation of library of the Cistercian monastery of Fitero (Navarre. Over the years it became one of the most important in the kingdom, until its decline trougth secularisations and confiscations of property suffered by the convent in the 19th century. The data on its initial phase come from the books of the abbots Fray Marcos de Villalva and Fray Ignacio Fermín de Ibero, both originally from Castile, who were appointed abbots vy virtue of the righ to royal patronage exercised by King Philip II. Although most of the books belong, as could be expected to an ecclesiastical library, a surprising case inthat of Abbot Ibero for the wide range of subjets he covers and the high quality of the editions, often accompanied by engravings and musical notes. Through these books, which are either identified through the exlibris or references ot notarial list, one can perceive the important ecclesiastical issues of the day: the reform of the monasteries and the practice of Orthodox Catholicism, and also secular issues that came to the knowledge of the monastery related to the two great powers of the Catholic world, the monarchy and the papacy.El artículo recoge los momentos de la creación de la biblioteca del monasterio cisterciense de Fitero (Navarra, que sería con el tiempo una de las más importantes de ese reino, hasta su mengua por causa de las distintas exclaustraciones y desamortizaciones que sufrió el convento en el s. XIX. Los datos de estos primeros tiempos corresponden a las librerías de fray Marcos de Villalva y fray Ignacio Fermín de Ibero, ambos procedentes de Castilla y nombrados abades fiterenses en virtud del derecho de patronato real ejercido por Felipe II. Aunque la mayoría de los libros corresponden a lo que se entendería como lógico en una biblioteca eclesiástica, sorprende en el caso de la del abad Ibero la amplitud de la temática y la calidad de las ediciones, en muchos casos con grabados

Metropolitan Lima: area profile.

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Hakkert, R

1986-11-01

This profile of metropolitan Lima, Peru, covers administrative divisions; population growth; age distribution; ethnicity and religion; housing and households; education and health care; economic activity, income, and consumption; transport and communication; and sources of information. Nearly 30% of Peru's entire population and 42% of its urban population live in Lima. The trend continues, yet Lima's urban primacy is waning due to the growth of some regional centers like Trujillo and Chimbote. Lima is still almost 10 times as large as the country's next ranking cities, Trujillo on the northern coast and Arequipa in the south. Peru's main administrative divisions are the 24 departments, of which the Department of Lima is one. These departments are further divided into 156 provinces. Greater Lima consists of 2 such provinces, the province of Lima and the constitutional province of Callao. Although the population of Lima continues to grow, its rate of growth slowed from about 5.5% during the 1960s to about 3.9% in the 1970s. Current projections estimate a metropolitan population of 6.7 million by 1990. On the whole, Lima's age structure is somewhat older than that of the rest of Peru. The median age of the population is 22.3 years, compared to a national figure of 20.4. The proportion of persons over age 65 is only 3.6%, lower than the national average of 4.1%, due to the tendency of in-migration to concentrate people of intermediate ages in the cities. Almost 400,000 inhabitants of greater Lima are bilingual in Spanish and an indigenous language. As elsewhere in Peru, the dominant religion is Roman Catholicism. Lima is a spread out city with few high rise buildings due to the danger of earthquakes. Only 12% of Lima's households are found in apartment buildings. As in other cities of Latin America, the formal housing market is beyond the reach of a major segment of the population. Consequently, much of the urban settlement has occurred through informal self

Festa e Turismo Religioso: a procissão em louvor ao Nosso Senhor dos Passos na cidade de São Cristóvão (Sergipe - Brasil (Feast and Religious Tourism - DOI: 10.5752/P.2175-5841.2011v9n20p96

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Ivan Rêgo Aragão

2011-05-01

" of Brazilians. This present article seeks to address aspects of the Procession of "Nosso Senhor dos Passos" the city of São Cristóvão state of Sergipe. The methodology used was literature, with discussion in the theoretical field of Baroque, Devotional Feast, Tradition, Religion, Procession, Religious Tourism, Culture and Identity. We also carried out field research, with direct observation.With this study, it was noticeable that, as distant territory of Portugal, the religious feasties in Brazil have taken a very dynamic, absorbing the profane elements and reframing through popular appeal. Key words: Religious Tourism; Catholicism; Feast; Nosso Senhor dos Passos.

IGREJA CATÓLICA ROMANA EM CURITIBA (PR: ESTRUTURAS DA TERRITORIALIDADE SOB O PLURALISMO RELIGIOSO

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Sylvio Fausto GIL FILHO

2003-12-01

Full Text Available Nas transformações do catolicismo brasileiro, o foco regional se relaciona com a análise da escala local e global como dimensões extremamente articuladas. Esta articulação caracteriza a Igreja local de Curitiba (PR com uma territorialidade de duas instâncias, influenciadas por tensões escalares de caráter global próprias da hierarquia universal da Igreja e tensões regionais específicas da Igreja local. Afora estas forças de caráter endógeno da estrutura eclesiástica, verificam-se também tensões exógenas à própria Igreja, representadas por instituições não-católicas e mesmo instituições seculares. O último quarto do século XX demonstrou uma crise da representação dominante da Igreja Católica Romana no Brasil. A conjuntura secular das cidades e a retração no espírito missionário da Igreja motivaram o diagnóstico de uma certa estagnação do domínio simbólico da Igreja. Com efeito, o pluralismo religioso dos grandes centros urbanos cunhou uma nova realidade, baseada em um crescente questionamento do mito do Brasil católico. O crescimento de movimentos religiosos pentecostais e neopentecostais representou nas décadas de 1980 e 1990 um impacto considerável na forma de a religiosidade popular fazer uma segunda identidade religiosa. Roman Catholic Church in Curitiba (PR: structures of territoriality under the religious pluralism Abstract In the transformation process of Brazilian Catholicism, the regional focus links with the analysis of the local and global scale as extremely articulated dimensions. This articulation characterizes the local Church of Curitiba (PR with a territoriality of two instances, influenced by scale tensions of global character peculiar to the head of the universal hierarchy of the Church and regional tensions specific of the local Church. Beyond these forces of endogenous character of the ecclesiastical structure, we also verified exogenous tensions of the Church itself, represented by

Dos interesses weberianos dos sociólogos da religião: um olhar perspectivo sobre as interpretações do pentecostalismo no Brasil

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Paulo Gracino Júnior

2009-05-01

review the sociological production, seeking to establish a parallel between representations of Brazilian society and culture evident in the way researchers consider and analyze the Pentecostal phenomenon. We focus our attention on the works that follow Cândido Procópio de Camargo's theory, which can be expressed schematically as: conversion, breaking with the traditional past (represented here by belonging thoughtlessly to a religion - Catholicism; disenchantment of beliefs, which would lead to individuation and rational action; and, finally, the modernization of Brazilian society. The conclusion points out that Camargo's thought and that of his followers are inserted into a broader intellectual framework, which dates back to the 1930s and is concerned with the reasons behind Brazilian underdevelopment and the chances of overcoming it. Key words: Max Weber; Pentecostalism; Disenchantment; Secularization; Modernization.

A CRISE DA IGREJA CATÓLICA: ALGUNS DADOS EMPÍRICOS E PERSPECTIVAS TEOLÓGICAS

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Joaquín Silva Soler

2013-01-01

Full Text Available O artigo analisa o resultado de pesquisa realizada, em 2012, pelo Centro de Políticas Públicas e o Instituto de Sociologia da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Chile sobre a Igreja Católica nesse país. Os dados do estudo mostram uma situação de crise do catolicismo chileno. Tal crise tem causas diversas, intra e extra eclesial: mudança cultural profunda, crise de identidade missionária da Igreja, crise de fé, crise de confiança, crise que convida a uma nova evangelização. A constatação dos limites da presença e influência da Igreja católica na era pós-moderna constitui desafio oportuno para se afirmar a importância da proposta do Cristianismo como caminho para a felicidade pessoal e para ajudar a construir uma sociedade onde reinem a justiça, a paz e a liberdade. O autêntico cristão vive a fé comprometido com a realidade integral do ser humano e da sociedade. Tal empenho se vincula ao sentido escatológico da fé e da vida eclesial. Os cristãos são chamados a manter viva a esperança, procurando superar a crise através da vivência da conversão e do perdão no seguimento de Jesus Cristo, sempre atentos aos sinais dos tempos. ABSTRACT: The article looks at the result of research carried out in 2012, by the Center for Public Policy and the Institute of Sociology of the Catholic University of Chile on the Catholic Church in that country. The data of the study show a crisis situation of Chilean Catholicism. This crisis has many causes, intra and extra ecclesial: a profound cultural change, a crisis of the Church’s missionary identity, a crisis of confidence, a crisis that calls for a new evangelization. The finding of the limits of the presence and influence of the Catholic Church in the post-modern era is a timely challenge to assert the importance of the proposal of Christianity as a path to personal happiness and to help build a society where justice, peace and freedom reign. The authentic Christian lives the

La Compañía de Jesús y la defensa de la monarquía hispánica

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Burrieza Sánchez, Javier

2008-06-01

Full Text Available Since the foundation of the Society of Jesus in 1540, there was identification between its spiritual aims and the task ascribed to the Spanish Monarchy. The article starts pointing out the traditional concept of the Jesuits as an army and the constant association that empowered them. It establishes how different people of the Society have been related with the government and the different ways of the Jesuits to get involved in politics, as well as the most important Jesuits who have taken part in these interventions. It is explained, later, some of the main political problems where the Society participated: the supposed Spanish identity of the Order, which was questioned after Francisco de Borja´s death in 1572; the conspiratory image associated to the desires of the Catholic Restoration in England; the defence of Catholicism in Europe while the war, during the first half of the XVII century; the Jesuits´ position in the crisis of the Monarchy in 1640, specially, during the independence of Portugal; and finally, the utopias and clashes of interests in the Spanish America, as well as the missionary plans proposed for China. So, the Jesuits weren’t unaware of the political life in the modern Spanish.Desde la fundación de la Compañía de Jesús en 1540, se produjo una identificación entre los objetivos espirituales de la misma y la misión atribuida a la Monarquía española. El artículo comienza matizando el concepto tradicional de los jesuitas como ejército y la continua asociación que se les ha realizado con el poder. Establece cómo diferentes individuos de la Compañía se han relacionado con los gobiernos y los distintos medios de intervención de los jesuitas en la política, así como los jesuitas más importantes que han protagonizado estas intervenciones. Se plantea, después, algunos de los principales problemas políticos en los que intervino la Compañía: la supuesta identidad española de la orden, cuestionada tras la

Ser mãe: o amor materno no discurso católico do século XIX

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Raquel dos Santos Sousa Lima

2009-05-01

natural and unconditional. With basis on the contribution of cultural history and gender studies, it demonstrates how that Church attributed male and female characteristics to the distinction not merely biological between men and women, associating the latter with the idea of motherhood and natural love for their children. It concludes that, through time, the Church has changed its misogyny discourse - refusing the female sex - into one that incorporates women as essential to support Catholicism in facing the laicization of contemporary western society. Key words: Women; Catholic discourse; Motherhood; Gender.

Ochrona kultury narodowej w koncepcjach współczesnej prawicy narodowej w Polsce

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Grzegorz Radomski

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Protection of natural culture in concepts of the contemporary National Right Wing in Poland In the centre of the system of values of the National Right Wing which revived after 1989 there are still nation, family and religion. The nation as community of culture is in opinion of the said parties exposed to dangers. The main risks are in their opinion as follows: cosmopolitism, Communist ideology, individualism, liberalism; secularization.In Poland, such ideas are, in the opinion of the National Right Wing, propagated by the liberal and post-communist circles. In the beginning they demanded that the communist activists are brought to justice. Some columnists refer to antisemitism. They perceive also the fall of the literary output. They assess critically the novels of Czesław Miłosz, Stanisław Barańczak or Olga Tokarczuk. Similar assessments regard the works of Polish historians. As preventive measures the following is mentioned: appropriate educational activity, statutory protection of national heritage, broadening of Catholicism, promotion of national culture. They attach great importance to the national branding. Its components are history, language, political regime, architecture, literature, art, religion, icons landscape, music. They would probably accept the opinion of Michael Porter: “Many contemporary discussions of international competition stress global homogenization and a diminished role for nations. But, in truth, national differences are at the heart of competitive success.”   Ochrona kultury narodowej w koncepcjach współczesnej prawicy narodowej w Polsce W centrum systemu wartości odrodzonego po 1989 roku ruchu narodowego pozostają naród, rodzina i religia. Naród, traktowany jako wspólnota kultury, narażony jest w ocenie wspominanych wyżej środowisk na liczne zagrożenia. Za najgroźniejsze uznają one: kosmopolityzm, ideologię komunistyczną, indywidualizm, liberalizm, sekularyzację. W Polsce wspomniane idee

Dios, Patria, Autoridad: la Iglesia Católica y la fascistización de los regímenes ibéricos, 1933-1945

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Manuel Loff

2013-12-01

Full Text Available La crisis de los sistemas liberales ibéricos en la Europa de entreguerras es especialmente interesante por el papel específico que ocupa en ella el componente católico de laidentidad y de las coaliciones que sostuvieron los dos regímenes autoritarios. El catolicismo político tuvo un papel muy relevante en el proceso de modernización de las derechas españolas y portuguesas de la primera posguerra. Salazar y Franco presentaron los regímenes que ellosmismos construyeron y sobre los que gobernaron como siendo intrínsicamente católicos, y los católicos fueron actoresprincipales de las coaliciones políticas y sociales que sostuvieron ambos dictadores. En su lucha contra la Primera República Portuguesa (1910-26 y la Segunda República Española (1931-39, las fuerzas políticas conservadoras y de extrema derecha concedieron un papel estratégico a los católicos politicamente organizados en lo que se refiere a la movilización de las masas y en la constitución de un amplia coalición que pudiese crear una alternativa sólida a la democracia liberal y a un movimento obrero cada día más fuerte. En los años centrales de la «Era del Fascismo», las derechas católicas ibéricas y la jerarquía de la Iglesia sancionaron un giro muy notorio hacia una lectura crecientemente fascistizada del contexto político europeo posterior a la Revolución Soviética.The crisis of the Iberian liberal systems in inter-war Europe is especially interesting to study because of the specific role ofthe Catholic component of both the sustaining political coalition and the identity of these two of the European 20th century authoritarian regimes. Political Catholicism was a major actor in the modernisation process of Spanish and Portuguese post-World War I rightwing movements. Salazar and Franco presented the regimes they built up and ruled upon as being intrinsically catholic, and Catholics were major partners in the political and

Esperança e religião

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David Lehmann

2012-08-01

and explains that all world religions' (Judaism, Christianity and Islam are built on the basis of a dialectic of the erudite and the popular. This exposition acts as an introduction to the analysis of Pentecostalism and neo-Pentecostalism, which represent unprecedented forms of religiosity in which the supernatural is present. But here the exchange is with the church itself and not with supernatural entities. The church operates more as a "Spiritual First Aid Centre" than as the foundation of a moral order or the place where human beings can make their peace with God. Pentecostalism is part of a tendency throughout the Western world which has left inclusive religions (like Catholicism and Anglicanism stagnating, while the more exclusionary, those which demand substantial sacrifice of their followers, are gaining ground.

Pela educação lutaremos o bom combate: a instrução operária como um campo de disputas entre católicos e anarquistas na primeira república brasileira - For education will fight the good combat: the workers' education as a field of disputes between catholic

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Isabel Bilhão, Brasil

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Neste artigo aborda-se o contexto de transformações sócio-educacionais ocorridas ao longo da Primeira República brasileira, quando o crescimento urbano-industrial e o aumento da força organizativa e numérica do operariado começou a se fazer sentir, ensejando o crescimento de disputas de diferentes grupos em torno da educação dos trabalhadores. Observam-se as polêmicas travadas entre integrantes do clero católico e militantes anarquistas pela adesão operária às suas concepções educativas.Palavras-chave: movimento operário, educação, polêmicas, anarquismo, catolicismo. FOR EDUCATION WILL FIGHT THE GOOD COMBAT: THE WORKERS' EDUCATION AS A FIELD OF DISPUTES BETWEEN CATHOLICS AND ANARCHISTS IN THE FIRST BRAZILIAN REPUBLICAbstractThe article addresses the context of social and educational changes that occurred along the Brazilian First Republic, in which urban-industrial growth and increased the organizational and numerical strength of the workers began to be noticeable, increasing disputes of the distinct groups around the workers education. Will observe the polemics between members of the catholic clergy and anarchist militants by the adhesion of the working class to their educational conceptions.Key-words: labour movement, education, polemics, anarchism, catholicism.       POR LA EDUCACIÓN LUCHAREMOS EL BUEN COMBATE: LA INSTRUCCIÓN DE LOS TRABAJADORES COMO UN CAMPO DE DISPUTAS ENTRE LOS CATÓLICOS Y LOS ANARQUISTAS EN LA PRIMERA REPÚBLICA DE BRASILResumenEl artículo aborda el contexto de transformaciones socio educacionales ocurridas a lo largo de la Primera República en Brasil, en el cual el crecimiento urbano-industrial y el aumento de la fuerza organizativa y numérica de los obreros empezaba a ser sentida, intensificando las disputas de distintos grupos alrededor de la educación de los trabajadores. Se observan las polémicas trabadas entre miembros del clero católico y militantes anarquistas por la adhesi

„Povrat h krščanskemu mišljenju in življenju” Cilji in metode Krekovega krščansko socialnega gibanja

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Jasmina Šuler-Galos

2017-10-01

Full Text Available „Return to Christian thought and life”: the objectives and methods of Janez Krek's Christian-social movement The turn of the twentieth century in Slovenian culture was marked by a movement, later dubbed “political Catholicism.” The cultural and economic narrative which arose from the movement was in the long term of much greater importance than the political objectives of the Catholic movement itself. The aim of this article is to describe the narrative from the point of view of its most prominent representative, Janez Evangelist Krek (1865–1917. Doctor Krek’s conservative social reforms were able to become one of the pillars of the Slovenian collective consciousness solely because they could be bent to conform to the recurring cultural templates used by the Slovenian society to accept and reshape changes since as early as the beginning of nineteenth century. The imagery constituted by these templates is termed domestic in the article. This is to mean that it is based upon pre-modern cultural capital and traditional survival strategies. Doctor Krek’s work is proof of the ease with which domestic imagery “swallowed” modernity and “spat it out” onto the fringe of society, into the sphere of technical developments, which was then used to protect conservative values and institutions. Paradoxically, it was only in this form that the domestic imagery allowed for the relatively easy acceptance of socialism after World War II.   „Powrót do chrześcijańskiego myślenia i życia”. Cele i metody chrześcijańsko-społecznego ruchu Janeza Evangelisty Kreka Na przełomie XIX i XX wieku w kulturze słoweńskiej silnie zaznaczył się ruch później nazwany politycznym katolicyzmem. Bardziej niż postulaty polityczne tego ruchu na rozwój kolektywnej świadomości Słoweńców wpłynęła towarzysząca mu narracja łącząca wątki gospodarcze z kulturowymi. Celem artykułu jest opisanie tej narracji z punktu widzenia jej najwa

A evolução da Igreja Católica no Brasil à luz de pesquisas recentes (The evolution of the Catholic Church in Brazil at the light of recent research - DOI: 10.5752/P.2175-5841.2012v10n28p1208

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Johan Konings

2012-12-01

e religião na região metropolitana (Values and religion in the metropolitan region, which was carried out in 2012. The reading proposed by this article focuses especially on what the data from these investigations says about the Catholic Church. After commenting briefly on some elements presented by the research, the text proposes some interpretive keys. The first is a socio-religious reading, showing that the steep decline in rates of belonging to Catholicism is the result of the shift from an “environmental” and “natal” type of religion to a religion of “conviction,” with a “confessional” nature. Secondly, the article presents some roots of this way of understanding faith in the New Testament and in the Second Vatican Council’s reading of the nature and mission of the Church. Finally, it concludes with some pastoral considerations, pointing not so much to solutions regarding the decline in Catholic belonging, but rather to the attitudes that a “confessional” church should have in our time. Key-words: IBGE Census 2010. Census data on religions. Catholic Church in Brazil. Theological reading

Representações sociais sobre qualidade de vida para idosos Representaciones sociales sobre la calidad de vida para la tercera edad Social representations of elders' quality of life

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Luípa Michele Silva

2012-03-01

apoyar a los profesionales en la comprensión de la adhesión de las prácticas preventivas de la política y el fortalecimiento de los ancianos dirigidos a este grupo poblacional.This study aimed to identify elders' social representations of quality of life. This is an exploratory study with a sample of 240 elders, of both sexes. For data collection we used a Free Association Test with Words, using the inductive stimulus "quality of life" and sociodemographic variables. The interviews were analyzed with the software Alceste. Of the 240 studied eslders, 167 were women, with the dominant age from 60 to 69 years, income between two and three minimum wages, most of the married and with catholicism as the predominant religion. The results from Alceste pointed towards seven hierarchical classes: accessibility, work, activity, support, affection, care and interactions. Social representations of quality of life by elders can support professionals in understanding the adhesion to preventive practices for the elderly and in strengthening policies directed to this population.

La cristianización de los chinos en el Perú: integración, sumisión y resistencia

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1992-01-01

, ¿la comunidad china del Perú estaría hoy en día tan bien organizada? THE CHRISTIANIZATION OF CHINESE IN PERU: INTEGRATION, SUBMISSION AND RESISTANCE. For the chinese coolies who arrived to Peru between 1849-1874, and afterwards for the merchants that followed them, the adoption of Catholicism was one of the most important elements of their integration strategy to the national society. Two religious orders fought to be in charge of this community. Starting in 1870, the Jesuits took the initiative in training Chinese clergy and they were followed by the Franciscans whose efforts began at the end of the 19th century and continue to the present day. Similarly, these same people participated in the official creation of the Beneficencia China in 1885, and the members of the clergy were present in almost all of the Chinese movements and institutions. It is the Spanish priests that up to the present time accompany, orient, and advise Chinese Catholics, who each day are more numerous and powerful in the contemporary Peruvian community. The influence of the Spanish clergy has been so important that we can ask ourselves whether the Chinese community of Peru would have been so well organized without their intervention.

Páginas iniciais

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Ficha catalográfica e sumário bilíngue

2013-09-01

Full Text Available REDES, Santa Cruz do Sul, v. 18, nº 2, p. 1 - 273, maio/ago. 2013. ISSN: 1982-6745 Editores Virginia Elisabeta Etges Silvio Cezar Arend Sumário/Summary A EFETIVIDADE DA COLABORAÇÃO ENTRE ORGANIZAÇÕES DO ARRANJO PRODUTIVO LOCAL (APL: EXPERIÊNCIAS DOS PROCESSOS LOGÍSTICOS NAS INDÚSTRIAS DO VALE DA ELETRÔNICA DE MINAS GERAIS – BRASIL THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COLLABORATION INTER-COMPANIES: EXPERIENCES OF LOGISTIC PROCESSES IN THE INDUSTRIES OF THE ELECTRONIC VALLEY OF MINAS GERAIS – BRAZIL Ricardo Silveira Martins Osmar Vieira de Souza Filho IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE CLUSTERS INDUSTRIAIS: UMA APLICAÇÃO DE ÍNDICES DE ESPECIALIZAÇÃO E CONCENTRAÇÃO, E ALGUMAS CONSIDERAÇÕES IDENTIFICATION OF INDUSTRIAL CLUSTERS: AN APPLICATION OF INDICES OF SPECIALIZATION AND CONCENTRATION, AND SOME CONSIDERATIONS Autenir Carvalho de Rezende Bernardo Palhares Campolina Diniz CAPACIDADES LOCAIS: POR UMA NOVA ECONOMIA DOS TERRITÓRIOS PRODUTIVOS LOCAL CAPACITIES: FOCUSING ON A NEW ECONOMY FOR PRODUCTIVE TERRITORIES Giancarlo Corò Paolo Gurisatti ANÁLISE CRÍTICA DA INFLUÊNCIA DO CAPITALISMO TRANSNACIONAL SOBRE AS INSTITUIÇÕES E ORGANIZAÇÕES CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF TRANSNATIONAL CAPITALISM ON INSTITUTIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS José G. Vargas-Hernández REDES SOCIAIS E GOVERNANÇA DEMOCRÁTICA: O CASO DE UMA INSTITUIÇÃO FEDERAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR DE MINAS GERAIS – BRASIL NETWORKS AND DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE: THE CASE OF A PUBLIC INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION OF MINAS GERAIS – BRAZIL Edimilson Eduardo da Silva Fábio Costa Lasmar José Roberto Pereira DE MATRIZ CONSERVADORA A UMA POSTURA PROGRESSISTA: CATOLICISMO SOCIAL NO RIO GRANDE DO SUL (RS - BRASIL FROM A CONSERVATIVE MATRIX TO A PROGRESSIVE ATTITUDE: SOCIAL CATHOLICISM IN RIO GRANDE DO SUL (RS - BRAZIL Olgário Paulo Vogt Roberto Radünz DO PREJUÍZO À TRANSGRESSÃO: O DISCURSO SOBRE O MOVIMENTO GREVISTA NA IMPRENSA INJURY TO THE TRANSGRESSION: THE DISCOURSE ON STRIKE IN THE PRESS

Novo Mapa das Religiões (New Map of Religions - DOI: 10.5752/P.2175-5841.2011v9n23p637

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Marcelo Cortes Neri

2011-12-01

religious studies. However, these statistics are today only available until 2000. Microdata from national Family Expenditure Surveys (POF/IBGE allow us to measure the recent Brazilian religious evolution by detailing religious subgroups  and also by exploring  a richer array of correlated variables. This study processes microdata from POF in 2003 and 2009 when the economic context differs from the previous decades. It allows us to study the relation between economy and religion during a boom. This article aims to show that: i The speed of the fall in Catholicism in Brazil is two times faster than the one observed in 1990, although similar to the one observed in the 1990s; the destinies of the Catholics however are less the Pentecostal Evangelicals and more the Traditional Protestants. ii In contrast to major European Catholic countries that are facing a recession, the Brazilian localities with a catholic population have experienced an economic expansion. iii Brazilians are on the World median in terms of attendance to religious activities.  iv Although females are more religious than males, they are less catholic. v There is a faster reduction of Catholics among the youth in Brazil.Key words: Religion. Economy. Max Weber. Maps of Religions in Brazil.

Economy or chrematistics: Serbian case

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Anđelković Petar M.

2015-01-01

Darwinism, disenfranchising the largest population, has created an entire class of poor, who are now struggling to realize their right to work, confirms the emptiness of neoliberal democracy. As a result of chrematistics in transit societis 'capitalism without capitalists' is created (Mladen Lazic in which the capital, grabed during social conflicts, mediated by political elites, by which the redistribution of accumulated social wealth ended up largely in private hands. If proved, and it is, that the current neo-liberal approach and form (paradigm does not give the expected, and so the required results, then the need to search for a new paradigm of development and more prominent. We need one another, a different view of society and especially its development, freed from the constraints and domination of the theory and methodology of the global powers imposed as the only desirable (required . So, we need a self-reflective approach to social issues especially in orthodox societies. It is a request that it turned to itself and see their potential and opportunities. This paper is an attempt to draw attention to the devastating consequences of chrematistics in the world, and especially in our society, but also to make an effort to search for the 'principle of hope' and point out the different possible directions of development of Serbian society. We are convinced that, as the basis of Western civilization with the neo-liberal development model is the social doctrine of Catholicism, Orthodox civilization, which can and should be the centerpiece and developer 'planetrly humanism' (Danilo Z. Marković (which in the present Russia partly realized, there should be the social doctrine of Orthodoxy at the basis of Orthodox ethics and domestic economics.

A “geograficidade” das formas simbólicas: o santuário de Fátima da Serra Grande em análise Le « géographicité » des formes symboliques: analyse du sanctuaire de Fatima da Serra Grande

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José Arilson Xavier de Souza

2010-07-01

do trabalho, são apresentadas as características que expressam Fátima da Serra Grande como uma forma simbólica modelar do catolicismo mariano, conciliador de tradições e inovações e gestor de um turismo religioso sob a liderança da Igreja regional.The “geograficity” of symbolic forms: The Sanctuary of Fatima da Sierra Grande in analysis.This paper discusses the geographical basis of symbolic forms, choosing the culture as an essential element for such research. The Sanctuary of Fátima da Serra Grande, located in St. Benedict city, Northern of the Ceará State, is analyzed in a geographical and phenomenological perspective, considering it as a symbolic form of tourist attraction. The article considers the concept of geographic originally proposed by Eric Dardel, as fundamental for thinking the relationship between motivation and appreciation of the devotees in search of new Catholic shrines. Then, a recovery is made as large sanctuaries influenced the cultural geography of this small and dynamic center of pilgrimage has been developing in northeastern Brazil. At the end of the paper presents the characteristics expressing Fátima da Serra Grande as a symbolic model of Catholicism Marian conciliator of traditions and innovations and manager of a religious tourism under the leadership of the regional church.

ЧЕРНІВЕЦЬКА ЄВАНГЕЛЬСЬКА РЕЛІГІЙНА ГРОМАДА ЯК СКЛАДОВА РЕЛІГІЙНОЇ ПАЛІТРИ БУКОВИНИ: СТАНОВЛЕННЯ, РОЗВИТОК, ЗНАЧЕННЯ У КУЛЬТУРНОМУ РОЗМАЇТТІ РЕГІОНУ / CHERNOVITS EVANGELICAL RELIGIOUS COMMUNITY AS A COMPONENT OF BUKOVYNEAN RELIGIOUS PALETTE FORMATION, DEVELOPMENT AND IMPORTANCE IN CULTURAL DIVERSITY OF THE REGION

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Наталія МАСІЯН

2017-11-01

Bukovyna: orthodoxy, catholicism, old believer, judaism and other. The migration movement to Bukovyna, first of all for people of Germans originally, which was initiated by Austrian government in the end ХVIII of century by a grant to them of certain rights and freedoms, in particular in using protestant religion, resulted in a volume, that in the second half of ХІХ of century protestantism became the third after Orthodoxy and catholicism because of importance by the constituent of religious palette of Bukovyna. Evangelical religious community contributed to the spread of the reformation achievements in multi-ethnic community in Bukovina. By its activity community contributed to the implementation of initiatives to open and develop educational, commercial, industrial, religious and healthcare institutions, which had a positive impact on the development of the region in general.

Auscultar los signos del tiempo presente e la situación latinoamericana: Esbozo de algunos fenómenos a considerar para una interpretación teológica del presente

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Eduardo Silva Arévalo

2005-01-01

possibilities that Catholicism offers this modernity and Latin America are analyzed in particular, which would not be possible without a Christianity that rises to the occasion and a modernity with the religious depth that this continent offers (III

Discussing ethnohistory: The Blin between periphery and international politics in the 19th century

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Wolbert G.C. Smidt

2006-10-01

sides. While the Blin of Bogos accepted their vassalry towards /Hamasen, they also assured international protection by converting to Catholicism in great numbers. The Blin of Halhal converted to Islam, thus avoiding future raids from vassals of Egyptian Sudan. This article argues that the main strategy of the Blin was that of an active adaptation to political and religious domination by greater powers, which allowed them to preserve their highly developed internal autonomy, based on an age-old non-centralized confederacy (network of Blin leaders.

Żydzi w dyskursie Kościoła katolickiego

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Marzena Makuchowska

2016-01-01

anti-Semitism. After 1989 in Poland anti-Jewish inclinations returned, especially in the circle of the so callled Catholicism of the Maryja Radio. Again Jews are accused of causing damage to Poles, and the language of those statements is very much like in the discourse before the Council.   Żydzi w dyskursie Kościoła katolickiego Artykuł opisuje ważne zmiany w dyskursie Kościoła katolickiego w odniesieniu do wyznawców judaizmu, które pojawiły się po Soborze Watykańskim II. Jedną z nich jest różnica pomiędzy stanem tekstów w dwóch różnych momentach: przed i po soborze. Dlatego pierwszą część artykułu autorka poświęca charakterystyce przedsoborowego (i w większości przedwojennego dyskursu na temat Żydów, a część drugą – głównym kierunkom zmian spowodowanym realizacją postulatów soboru. Część trzecia pokazuje objawy kontynuacji starych, głęboko zakorzenionych schematów. Analiza częściowo odnosi się do ogólnych tekstów Kościoła, a częściowo do tekstów Kościoła publikowanych w Polsce. Polski przedsoborowy dyskurs o Żydach był wyjątkowo negatywny. Liturgia katolicka przedstawiała Żydów jako tych, którzy torturowali i zabili Jezusa (mit bogobójcy. W kazaniach, listach duszpasterskich i katolickiej prasie Żydów pokazywano jako wrogów nie tylko chrześcijan, lecz szczególnie Polaków, ponieważ Kościół w Polsce zaangażował się w kreowanie narodowo i religijnie homogenicznego kraju pod sloganem „Polska dla Polaków”. Reprodukowano wszystkie tradycyjne mity (Żydzi jako szkodnicy, spiskowcy, rozpustnicy itd. Używano wiele środków lingwistycznych, by zdegradować Żydów, np. zdrobnienia, animalizację (czyli mówienie o Żydach jako o zwierzętach czy tak zwany kakofemizm (czyli używanie słów o pejoratywnym znaczeniu, aby sprowokować uczucie moralnego i fizycznego obrzydzenia. Po Vaticanum II treści reprodukujące przedstawienie Żydów jako bogobójców zostały usunięte z liturgii

Book Reviews

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Redactie KITLV

1994-07-01

. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993. xxii + 322 pp. -Robert Fatton, Jr., Brian Weinstein ,Haiti: The failure of politics. New York: Praeger, 1992. ix + 203 pp., Aaron Segal (eds -Uli Locher, Michel S. Laguerre, The military and society in Haiti. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1993. x + 223 pp. -Paul E. Brodwin, Leslie G. Desmangles, The faces of the Gods: Vodou and Roman Catholicism in Haiti. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1992. xiii + 218 pp. -Marian Goslinga, Enid Brown, Bibliographical guide to Caribbean mass communication. John A. Lent (comp.. Westport CT: Greenwood Press, 1992. xi + 301 pp.''Suriname and the Netherlands Antilles: An annotated English-language bibliography. Metuchen NJ: Scarecrow Press, 1992. xi + 276 pp. -Jay B. Haviser, F.R. Effert, J.P.B. de Josselin de Jong, curator and archaeologist: A study of his early career (1910-1935. Leiden: Centre of Non-Western studies, University of Leiden, 1992. v + 119 pp. -Hans van Amersfoort, Anil Ramdas, De papegaai, de stier en de klimmende bougainvillea. Essays. Amsterdam: De Bezige Bij, 1992. -Ineke van Wetering, Deonarayan, Curse of the Devtas. Paramaribo: J.J. Buitenweg, 1992. v + 103 pp. -Ineke van Wetering, G. Mungra, Hindoestaanse gezinnen in Nederland. Leiden: Centrum voor Onderzoek Maatschappelijke Tegenstellingen, Rijksuniversiteit Leiden, 1990. 313 pp. -J.M.R. Schrils, Alex Reinders, Politieke geschiedenis van de Nederlandse Antillen en Aruba 1950-1993. Zutphen: Walburg Pers, 1993. 430 pp. -Gert Oostindie, G.J. Cijntje ,Stemmen OK, maar op wie? Delft: Eburon, 1991. 150 pp., A. Nicatia, F. Quirindongo (eds -Genevieve Escure, Donald Winford, Predication in Caribbean English Creoles. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins, 1993, viii + 419 pp. -Jean D'Costa, Lise Winer, Trinidad and Tobago. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins, 1993. xi + 369 pp. (plus cassette

ДО ІСТОРІЇ МІСЬКОГО СВЯТА (УКРАЇНСЬКО-НІМЕЦЬКІ ПАРАЛЕЛІ / To the History of Urban Holidays (Ukrainian-German Parallels

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Курочкін Олександр

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Курочкин Олександр. К истории городского праздника (украинско-немецкие параллели. Долгое время украинская народоведческая наука занималась преимущественно изучением культуры и быта сельского населения. Преодолевая устаревшую тенденцию, автор обращает внимание на проблемы организации и функционирования массовых праздников в пространстве большого города. В этой связи прослеживается динамика праздничных традиций Украины и Германии в процессе перехода общества от тоталитаризма к демократии. Ключевые слова: Украина, Германия, город, праздник, фестиваль, карнавал, идеологическая пропаганда, культурная традиция. Kurochkin Оlexandr. To the History of Urban Holidays (Ukrainian-German Parallels. For a long time the Ukrainian science of ethnology primarily engaged in the study of culture and life of the rural population. Breaking the out of time tradition, the author draws attention to the problems of the organization and functioning of mass celebrations in the city arial. In this context, dynamics of holiday traditions Ukraine and Germany is traced back to the periods of transition of society from totalitarianism to democracy. The paper describes the carnival in the Rhine cities of Cologne, Düsseldorf, Mainz, Bonn. Locals are committed to this tradition for eight centuries. Traditional carnival is a synthesis of Western European and particularly the Roman-Germanic civilization and Catholicism. Organization of carnivals in Germany is

Book Review: Bakich,O. M. (2015. Valerii Pereleshin: Life of a Silkworm Toronto: University of Toronto Press

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Kyoko I. Davis

2016-07-01

noble roots of the Salatko-Petrishche family, its relocation to Siberia amidst the chaos of revolution and horrors of civil war, education under the tsarist Russian system in Harbin, and most importantly his growing love for poetry and philosophy.The personal events of Pereleshin’s early years document the still understudied but rich history of Russian Orthodox Ecclesiastical Mission in the Far East. Pereleshin, being sensitive and deeply religious, enrolled in the Mission’s Theological Faculty in 1937, was ordained a Monk Herman(in honour of St. Herman of Kazan’ and Sviiaga in 1938, and a Priest-Monk Herman in 1941.Harbin émigré literary circle “Churaevka” and the lively interaction among its intellectuals also add new cultural dimensions to the study of Russian émigré society in Asia. Pereleshin began publishing his books of poetry in 1937.The poet, however, was rather a dissonance in his own conservative community. For example, as a monk, his participation in public poetic activities was limited. Moreover, he was inclined toward Catholicism and admired St. Francis of Assisi and St. Thérèse of Lisieux- a liberal expression of his spiritual interest. He began to travel and preach in Chinese cities with foreign concessions such as Beijing, Shanghai, and Tianjin with a determination to live his life to the fullest by serving God. But Pereleshin had difficulty finding inner peace with his vow of celibacy. While his poetry is infused with divine inspiration, passion and kindness, he was often tormented by the social stigma of his sexuality. In addition, the volatile political situation in the Far East made Pereleshin mistaken at times for a Japanese spy, a Fascist spy, a Soviet spy, and a Communist. Adversity, however, ignited his poetic creativity, especially after his departure to a third home, Brazil. Part Two consists of seven chapters covering 39 years of Pereleshin’s life in Brazil during the period 1953-1992. The main focus shifts towards his

Pühaduse performatiivsus ja kristlik teater / The Performativity of Sacrality and Christian Theatre

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Madis Kolk

2015-06-01

art. The theological and aesthetic differences between Catholicism and the Orthodox church are also reflected today in the theologically-inclined reception of works with religious content. For example, based on the lively theological feedback to Mel Gibson’s 2004 film, The Sufferings of Christ one might claim that the judgments of Catholics mostly concern the m e s s a g e of the work, the appropriateness of its content, that is the referential pole; Orthodox theologians rather place more emphasis on the appropriateness of the m e d i u m to theological goals, that is, the performative effect of the work of art. Besides differences in pure artistic representation, it is also worth examining such questions as Catholic and Orthodox interpretations of the Trinity or the teaching of Gregorius Palamas (1296–1359 on divine energies, which were later declared to be heretical. Thus Orthodox liturgical practice seems to contradict many of the stereotypes that eastward-turning seekers of sacred theatre have attributed to Western sacral culture as a whole, overlooking aspects of dynamism that can be found in the Eastern Christian church. This topic has been discussed in several recent accounts of iconography, which examine the performativity of the icon, distinguishing its processes of creation and perception from the Western representation-oriented concept of the picture (eg Bissera V. Pencheva, Adrian Gorea. Granted, one should be careful when drawing parallels between the strictly rule-bound theology of the icon and aesthetics of performativity focused on the sensory aspect of art. However, this article takes the position that what should be emphasized are the differences between Orthodox and Catholic views of art, by means of which one can elucidate the points of departure of the Western quest for sacred theatre and the performative level to which it aspires.

ЖАНР КРИПТОІСТОРІЇ ЯК КРОК ДО НЕОМОДЕРНОГО РОМАНУ (НА МАТЕРІАЛІ ТВОРІВ В. КОЖЕЛЯНКА «ЕФІОПСЬКА СІЧ» ТА «ЛЖЕNOSTRADAMUS» / Secret history genre as a start of newmodern novel (by the works of V. Kozhelanko “Ethnoplan sitch” and “Falsenostradams”

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Аністраненко Антоніна

2015-12-01

риптоистория, Василий Кожелянко, роман, «Эфиопская Сеч», «ЛжеNostradamus», фентези, неомодернизм, историческая проза. Аnistratenko Antonina. Secret history genre as a start of newmodern novel (by the works of V. Kozhelanko “Ethnoplan sitch” and “Falsenostradamus” The article is devoted to the genre and stylistic features of two V. Kozhelyanko secret historycal novels "Ethiopian Sitch" and "FalseNostradamus". The article tries to determine the identity and the way of newmodern novel in Ukraine and its comparative position in the stage of foreign novel in this genre. The novel "Ethiopian Sitch" has three part’s classical composition: the prologue, twelve chapters and an epilogue. By geography of novel events we can see three parts there: the first is realized in the Ukrainian Zaporiska Sitch. Young man from Volyn` district went into Zaporiska Sitch for easy money. That was the first point of divergence. After it comes the second point of divergence (events in Ethiopia. Peter Pavlo Lazarenko turns personal lifestory (Story to the Big State history (History.And the third point of divergence never happens in the novel. The process of repentance and catharsis is left for readership. Secret history is a fiction genre, based on the fantastic change of the real history; its way is different from the known, but it has been forgotten, hidden or falsified. The historical element of the secret history novel as a kind of alternative history is made by protagonist from Cossack army Pavlo Lazarenko in the field of real facts of Ethiopia history. It is about the times of reign of Emperor Sysyniy (1607 - 1632, who tried to instill his population to Catholicism. However, alternative history lacks historical background, its next alternative change -a point of divergence - is described in the middle of the novels plot, when the Turkish galley fated "throws" Pavlo Lazarenko to Ethiopia. At ones, novel is constructed