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Sample records for cardiovascular por hantavirus

  1. Síndrome pulmonar e cardiovascular por hantavírus Hantavirus pulmonary and cardiovascular syndrome

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    Mariangela Pimentel Pincelli

    2003-10-01

    Full Text Available A síndrome pulmonar e cardiovascular por hantavírus é uma doença de conhecimento relativamente recente e freqüentemente fatal, apresentando-se como síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo. No Brasil, desde o primeiro surto, relatado em novembro/dezembro de 1993, em Juquitiba, 226 casos já foram registrados pela Fundação Nacional da Saúde. A doença afeta indivíduos previamente hígidos, apresentando-se com pródromo febril e sintomas semelhantes aos de um resfriado comum, podendo rapidamente evoluir para edema pulmonar, insuficiência respiratória aguda e choque. A hemoconcentração e a plaquetopenia são comuns da síndrome pulmonar e cardiovascular por hantavírus, e o quadro radiológico típico é de um infiltrado intersticial bilateral difuso, que progride rapidamente para consolidações alveolares, paralelamente à piora do quadro clínico. A mortalidade inicial era em torno de 75% e declinou para aproximadamente 35%, nos últimos anos. Os pacientes que sobrevivem geralmente recuperam-se completamente, cerca de uma semana após o estabelecimento do quadro respiratório. O agente causal, não reconhecido até há pouco, foi identificado como um hantavírus, cujo reservatório natural são animais roedores da família Muridae, subfamília Sigmodontinae. O tratamento específico antiviral ainda não é bem estabelecido, estando em estudo a eficácia de ribavirina. Cuidados de terapia intensiva como ventilação mecânica e monitoramento hemodinâmico invasivo são necessários nas formas mais graves da doença. Essas medidas, se instituídas precocemente, podem melhorar o prognóstico e a sobrevida dos pacientes com síndrome pulmonar e cardiovascular por hantavírus.Hantavirus pulmonary and cardiovascular syndrome is a recently identified and often fatal disease, which presents as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS. Since the first outbreak, in Nov/Dec 1993, in Juquitiba, Brazil, 226 cases have been registered by

  2. Síndrome pulmonar e cardiovascular por Hantavirus: aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos, do diagnóstico laboratorial e do tratamento

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    Figueiredo Luiz Tadeu M.

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available A síndrome pulmonar e cardiovascular por Hantavirus (SPCVH, é doença emergente com descrição crescente de casos no Brasil. Neste trabalho, estudou-se 8 casos confirmados da doença. Todos apresentaram febre e dispnéia. Taquicardia, astenia, hipotensão e estertoração pulmonar ocorreram em 75 a 87,5% dos casos. Plaquetopenia e hipoxemia ocorreram em 100% dos casos, hemoconcentração, leucocitose com desvio à esquerda e elevação de uréia e creatinina séricas em 75 a 87,5%. Assistência respiratória, hidratação endovenosa e utilização de aminas vasoativas foram as medidas utilizadas nos pacientes. Ressalta-se que o suporte ventilatório e cardiovascular deve ser precocemente instituído, preferencialmente em unidades de terapia intensiva, com precauções universais e respiratórias de isolamento. Deve-se ter cuidados com infusão excessiva de líquidos para não agravar o edema pulmonar. A mortalidade observada, de 50%, é elevada, deveu-se à gravidade da doença e ao comparecimento tardio para tratamento intensivo. Deve-se informar sobre a SPCVH aos profissionais de saúde, considerando que casos de SPCVH, provavelmente, vêm passando desapercebidos.

  3. Diagnóstico virológico y molecular de virus transmitidos por roedores. Hantavirus y arenavirus

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    Silvana Levis

    2010-04-01

    Full Text Available Los hantavirus (familia Bunyaviridae y arenavirus (familia Arenaviridae son virus de roedores; cada uno de ellos parece estar estrictamente asociado con una especie de roedor en la que causa una infección persistente y asintomática. En las Américas tienen como reservorios primarios a roedores de la sub-familia Sigmodontinae, y son causantes de síndrome pulmonar por Hantavirus (SPH y fiebres hemorrágicas, respectivamente (1,2. El número de estos virus identificados en los últimos años ha aumentado significativamente; actualmente, el género Hantavirus está compuesto por más de 28 tipos diferentes, mientras que al menos 23 arenavirus conforman el género Arenavirus. Entre los hantavirus asociados con SPH se destacan el virus Sin Nombre en Norteamérica, y los virus Andes, Laguna Negra, Caño Delgadito, Araraquara y Juquitiba, en el cono sur de América, entre otros (2. Los arenavirus asociados a fiebres hemorrágicas reconocidos en Sud América al presente son: Junín (Argentina, Guanarito (Venezuela, Sabiá (Brasil, y Machupo y Chapare (Bolivia (3.

  4. A retrospective serologic survey of hantavirus infections in the county of Cássia dos Coqueiros, State of São Paulo, Brazil Inquérito sorológico retrospectivo das infecções por hantavirus no município de Cássia dos Coqueiros, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil

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    Soraya Jabur Badra

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available INTRODUCTION: In recent years, hantavirus infections producing severe diseases have obtained an increased attention from public health authorities from the countries of Eurasia to the Americas. Brazil has reported 1,300 cases of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS from 1993 to 2010, with about 80 of them occurring in the northeast of the State of São Paulo, with 48% fatality rate. Araraquara virus was the causative agent of HCPS in the region. Considering that hantaviruses causing human disease in the Americas were unknown until 1993, we have looked for hantavirus infections in the population of Cássia dos Coqueiros county, northeast of the State of São Paulo, Brazil, before this time. This county has about 2,800 inhabitants and an economy based on agriculture, including cultivation of Brachiaria decumbens grass. The grass seeds are an important rodent attraction, facilitating transmission of hantavirus to man. Four HCPS cases were reported so far in the county. METHODS: In this study, 1,876 sera collected from 1987 to 1990 were tested for IgG to hantavirus by IgG-ELISA, using the N recombinant protein of Araraquara virus as antigen. RESULTS: Positive results were observed in 89 (4.7% samples, which were all collected in 1987. The positivity among urban inhabitants was 5.3%, compared with 4.3% among those living in rural areas. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that hantavirus infections occurred in Cássia dos Coqueiros, completely unrecognized, even before hantaviruses were described in the Americas.INTRODUÇÃO: Infecções graves por hantavírus têm obtido crescente atenção das autoridades da saúde pública da Eurásia e Américas. De 1993 a 2010, o Brasil reportou 1.300 casos de síndrome pulmonar cardiovascular por hantavírus (SPCVH com, aproximadamente, 80 deles no nordeste do Estado de São Paulo com taxa de fatalidade de 48%. O vírus Araraquara é o agente etiológico da SPCVH nessa região. Considerando que nas Am

  5. Síndrome pulmonar por Hantavirus (Virus Río Mamoré en la Amazonía Peruana Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (Rio Mamore Virus in the Peruvian Amazon region

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    Martín Casapía

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available La hantavirosis es una infección viral zoonótica transmitida por roedores cuya forma clínica más letal es el síndrome pulmonar por Hantavirus (SPH. La variante río Mamoré es autóctona de Sudamérica y fue descrita en roedores sin asociarla a enfermedad en humanos. Se presenta dos casos de SPH causados por hantavirus río Mamoré en la Amazonía peruana en noviembre de 2011. En ambos casos, el diagnóstico confirmatorio fue molecular, efectuados en el Instituto Nacional de Salud de Perú. Se realizó análisis filogenético del fragmento de genoma viral y la evaluación histopatológica. Ambos pacientes evolucionaron a síndrome de distrés respiratorio del adulto y estado de choque refractario. Un paciente falleció y el otro se recuperó a los doce díasHantavirus infection is a viral zoonotic infection borne by rodents which most letal form clinical is the Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (SPH, Spanish abbreviation. The Mamore River variant originates in South America and was found in rodents without any association to human diseases. Two cases of SPH were identified in the Peruvian Amazon region in November 2011. In both cases, a molecular diagnostic testing was conducted by the Instituto Nacional de Salud from Peru. A phylogenetic analysis of a viral genome fragment and a histopathological evaluation were conducted. Both patients developed adult respiratory distress syndrome and refractory shock. A patient died and another one recovered 12 days later

  6. Forma grave da síndrome pulmonar e cardiovascular por hantavírus tratada com pressurização positiva através de máscara facial Severe form of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome managed with continuous positive airway plessure through facial mask

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    Mariangela Pimentel Pincelli

    2004-06-01

    Full Text Available O primeiro surto no Brasil da síndrome pulmonar e cardiovascular por hantavírus foi descrito em Juquitiba (SP, em 1993. Desde então têm sido descritos novos casos, especialmente nos estados do sul e sudeste do país. Em 2002 ocorreu a observação dos primeiros três casos em São Carlos (SP. Um dos pacientes recebeu suporte respiratório sem intubação traqueal, utilizando-se pressão positiva contínua nas vias aéreas (CPAP através de máscara facial. Este é o primeiro caso grave descrito de insuficiência respiratória por hantavírus em que houve sucesso com essa terapêutica ventilatória.In 1993 the first Brazilian cluster of Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome (HCPS was described in Juquitiba, SP. Since then, there have been descriptions of new cases specially on the southeast and south states of Brazil. Only in 2002 there were observed the first three cases of HCPS in our city: São Carlos. One of our patients was successfully supported with CPAP through facial mask. This is the first severe case of acute respiratory failure induced by Hantavirus that was successfully managed with this kind of respiratory strategy.

  7. Hantavirus en roedores de la Octava Región de Chile Hantavirus in rodents of the VIII Region of Chile

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    JUAN CARLOS ORTIZ

    2004-06-01

    Full Text Available La Octava Región de Chile corresponde a la segunda región con el mayor número de casos de Síndrome Cardiopulmonar por Hantavirus (SCPH. Por tal motivo se realizó un estudio para detectar la presencia de anticuerpos contra hantavirus en roedores y su distribución local en la Octava Región. El estudio comprendió las cuatro provincias de la región y consideró once sitios de muestreo. Se capturaron siete especies de roedores, Abrothrix olivaceus fue la más abundante seguida de Oligoryzomys longicaudatus. De los 300 roedores analizados, cinco ejemplares (1,66 % resultaron ser positivos a hantavirus y correspondieron a tres especies de sigmodontinos: a saber, Loxodontomys micropus, que corresponde al único registro de este tipo para la especie en Chile, Abrotrix longipilis y Oligoryzomys longicaudatusThe Eight Region has the second highest number of cases of Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome (HCPS in humans for Chile. A study was performed to identify the number of rodents serologically positive to hantavirus and their local distribution in this region. To achieve this goal, we sampled eleven sites in the four provinces of the region. Seven rodents species were collected, with Abrothrix olivaceus presenting the largest number of captures followed by Oligoryzomys longicaudatus. Of the 300 rodents analyzed, five (1.66 % were sero-positives to hantavirus and belonged to three different sigmodontine species: Abrothrix longipilis, O. longicaudatus, and Loxodontomys micropus. No previous records of seropositive L. micropus existed.

  8. Hantaviruses in Africa.

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    Witkowski, Peter T; Klempa, Boris; Ithete, Ndapewa L; Auste, Brita; Mfune, John K E; Hoveka, Julia; Matthee, Sonja; Preiser, Wolfgang; Kruger, Detlev H

    2014-07-17

    This paper summarizes the progress in the search for hantaviruses and hantavirus infections in Africa. After having collected molecular evidence of an indigenous African hantavirus in 2006, an intensive investigation for new hantaviruses has been started in small mammals. Various novel hantaviruses have been molecularly identified not only in rodents but also in shrews and bats. In addition, the first African hantavirus, Sangassou virus, has been isolated and functionally characterized in cell culture. Less is known about the ability of these hantaviruses to infect humans and to cause diseases. To date, no hantavirus genetic material could be amplified from patients' specimens collected in Africa. Serological studies in West Africa, based on a battery of screening and confirmatory assays, led to the detection of hantavirus antibodies in the human population and in patients with putative hantavirus disease. In addition to this overview, we present original data from seroepidemiological and field studies conducted in the Southern part of Africa. A human seroprevalence rate of 1.0% (n=1442) was detected in the South African Cape Region whereas no molecular evidence for the presence of hantavirus was found in 2500 small animals trapped in South Africa and Namibia. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  9. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (Rio Mamore Virus) in the Peruvian Amazon region

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    Casapía, Martín; Mamani, Enrique; García, María P; Miraval, María L; Valencia, Pedro; Quino, Alberto H; Álvarez, Carlos; Donaires, Luis F

    2012-01-01

    La hantavirosis es una infección viral zoonótica transmitida por roedores cuya forma clínica más letal es el síndrome pulmonar por Hantavirus (SPH). La variante río Mamoré es autóctona de Sudamérica y fue descrita en roedores sin asociarla a enfermedad en humanos. Se presenta dos casos de SPH causados por hantavirus río Mamoré en la Amazonía peruana en noviembre de 2011. En ambos casos, el diagnóstico confirmatorio fue molecular, efectuados en el Instituto Nacional de Salud de Perú. Se realiz...

  10. Síndrome pulmonar por hantavirus en población infantil. Chile: Regiones IX y X. 1998-2000

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    SOZA C., GUILLERMO; LORCA O., PEDRO; PUEBLA M., SERGIO; WENZEL M., MARISOL; NAVARRETE C., MARITZA; VILLAGRA C., ELIECER; MORA R., JUDITH; LEVIS C., SILVANA; AVILES A., GABRIELA

    2000-01-01

    El síndrome pulmonar por hantavirus (SPH) ha estado presente en Chile desde 1993 y ha sido detectado desde 1997 en la IX Región. Es una grave zoonosis con alta mortalidad, que afecta a gente joven incluyendo niños. Se ha estimado oportuno dar a conocer nuestra experiencia en la atención de 6 pacientes pediátricos, atendidos en las unidades de Cuidados Intensivos y Aislamiento en el Hospital Regional de Temuco, entre enero de 1998 y enero de 2000 mediante un estudio descriptivo de la experienc...

  11. Globally emerging hantaviruses: An overview

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    Sara Chandy

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Hantaviruses are known to cause haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Eurasia and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in the Americas. They are globally emerging pathogens as newer serotypes are routinely being reported. This review discusses hantavirus biology, clinical features and pathogenesis of hantavirus disease, its diagnostics, distribution and mammalian hosts. Hantavirus research in India is also summarised.

  12. Serological evidence of hantavirus infection in rural and urban regions in the state of Amazonas, Brazil

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    João Bosco Lima Gimaque

    2012-02-01

    Full Text Available Hantavirus disease is caused by the hantavirus, which is an RNA virus belonging to the family Bunyaviridae. Hantavirus disease is an anthropozoonotic infection transmitted through the inhalation of aerosols from the excreta of hantavirus-infected rodents. In the county of Itacoatiara in the state of Amazonas (AM, Brazil, the first human cases of hantavirus pulmonary and cardiovascular syndrome were described in July 2004. These first cases were followed by two fatal cases, one in the municipality of Maués in 2005 and another in Itacoatiara in 2007. In this study, we investigated the antibody levels to hantavirus in a population of 1,731 individuals from four different counties of AM. Sera were tested by IgG/IgM- enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay using a recombinant nucleocapsid protein of the Araraquara hantavirus as an antigen. Ten sera were IgG positive to hantavirus (0.6%. Among the positive sera, 0.8% (1/122, 0.4% (1/256, 0.2% (1/556 and 0.9% (7/797 were from Atalaia do Norte, Careiro Castanho, Itacoatiara and Lábrea, respectively. None of the sera in this survey were IgM-positive. Because these counties are distributed in different areas of AM, we can assume that infected individuals are found throughout the entire state, which suggests that hantavirus disease could be a local emerging health problem.

  13. Hantavirus Infections

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    Camilo Guzmán T

    2017-05-01

    Full Text Available Hantaviruses are the causative agents of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in humans in the Americas; The primary reservoirs are in the rodents of the subfamily Sigmodontinae. In South America, cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome caused by numerous viral genotypes have been diagnosed. In Colombia, different serological studies have reported the circulation of hantavirus in humans and rodents. These viruses act in an intimate association with a rodent species that serves as a reservoir and have a distribution around the wild rodent, being limited to a specific geographic region. In South America, the first HPS-associated hantavirus was described in 1993 in Brazil and was called Juquitiva and from 1993 to 2012, more than 1400 cases had been identified in Brazil. This syndrome should be suspected in all patients with respiratory distress syndrome of unclear etiology, in areas endemic for the disease, especially if accompanied by fever, marked leukocytosis and thrombocytopenia and bilateral interstitial infiltrates. Hemorrhagic febrile syndrome has not yet been described in the Americas. There are no clinical or laboratory signs that are pathognomonic of hantavirus infection. The treatment is based on adequate hydration, use of antipyretics and anti-inflammatories and patients with signs of severity should establish a more aggressive management. Triage is indispensable, patients with co-morbidities have a higher mortality risk and therefore should be hospitalized. Future research in Colombia should be directed to multidisciplinary studies that include viral isolation, different clinical forms of case presentation, epidemiological differences, risk factors, and taxonomy of viruses and rodents.

  14. Hantavirus del nuevo mundo: Ecología y epidemiología de un virus emergente en latinoamérica The New-World Hantaviruses: Ecology and epidemiology of an emerging virus in Latin America

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    Henry Puerta

    2006-08-01

    Full Text Available Los hantavirus son un grupo de patógenos emergentes (familia Bunyaviridae; género Hantavirus identificados como agentes etiológicos de la Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal (FHSR en Europa y Asia y el Síndrome Cardiopulmonar por Hantavirus (SCPH en las Américas. La FHSR está relacionada con roedores de las subfamilias Murinae y Arvicolinae y el SCPH con roedores de las subfamilias Sigmodontinae y Arvicolinae. Desde la identificación del SCPH en los EE.UU. en 1993, muchos casos de SCPH y un número cada vez mayor de hantavirus y sus roedores reservorios han sido identificados en Centro y Sud América. Estudios epidemiológicos han demostrado diferencias notables en las seroprevalencias de anticuerpos en humanos y roedores reservorios que oscilan entre el 1% y más del 40%. Hasta ahora han sido notificados en toda América más de 1500 casos de SCPH y aproximadamente más de 15 variantes de hantavirus genética y serológicamente distintos asociados a roedores sigmodontinos. Las formas clínicas leves-autolimitadas, moderadas y graves de la enfermedad, los antecedentes de transmisión persona a persona y una incidencia mayor de manifestaciones clínicas extrapulmonares que se diferencian de la enfermedad clásica descrita por primera vez en EE.UU., son aspectos importantes sobre la epidemiología de los hantavirus y el SCPH en Latinoamérica; sin embargo, la historia completa de los hantavirus está aún por escribirse, debido a la naturaleza dinámica de estos virus y sus patologías, y a la complejidad de los factores que intervienen en su aparición, establecimiento y diseminación en poblaciones humanas y animales. Latinoamérica continúa representando la porción del continente con una oportunidad única y desafiante para el estudio de la relación de los hantavirus con sus huéspedes reservorios naturales y las interacciones virus-roedor-humano. Probablemente más hantavirus podrían ser descritos en el futuro, y ser

  15. Hantaviruses as emergent zoonoses

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    LS Ullmann

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available Hantaviruses belong to the Bunyaviridae family, which consists of vector-borne viruses. These viruses can provoke two infection types: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS - which occurs in the Old World - and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS - an emergent zoonosis that can be found in many countries of the western hemisphere. Rodents are hantavirus reservoirs and each species seems to host a different virus type. Humans acquire the infection by inhaling contaminated aerosol particles eliminated by infected animals. The factors involved in the emergence of hantavirus infections in the human population include ecological modifications and changes in human activities. The most important risk factor is contact between man and rodents, as a result of agricultural, forestry or military activities. Rodent control remains the primary strategy for preventing hantavirus diseases, including via health education and hygienic habits.

  16. A Nonfatal Case of Dobrava Hantavirus Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome Combined with Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome

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    Shemsedin Dreshaj

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available Among hantaviruses (HTNV, 22 are known as pathogenic for humans. HTNV can cause two clinical entities: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome or hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS. In most countries of Eastern Europe as well as in Kosovo, HTNV infection is presented mainly as HFRS. Here, we report a 20-year-old man with HFRS and HCPS caused by Dobrava hantavirus strain, successfully treated in Intensive Care Unit of Infectious Diseases Clinic, University Clinical Center of Kosovo. In HFRS endemic areas, patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome need to be evaluated for Dobrava hantavirus strain as a possible causative agent.

  17. [Nephropathy due to Puumala hantavirus].

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    Dandolo, A; Prajs, N; Lizop, M

    2014-12-01

    Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is due to an infection by the virus of the Hantavirus genus. Rodent hosts of Hantavirus are present in restricted areas in France; consequently, there are ecological niches and microepidemics of human Hantavirus infections. A HFRS case was diagnosed in the Paris region. The 11-year-old child had an acute debut fever-persistent despite antipyretic medication-asthenia, headache, abdominal pain, myalgia, thrombocytopenia, as well as renal failure with proteinuria. The diagnosis was made with a relevant clinical history and the specific serology of Puumala hantavirus. Therefore, a kidney biopsy was not necessary. What was interesting was the diagnostic approach because of the difference between the place and time of contamination and where the child became ill and developed the symptoms. The child was infected by Puumala hantavirus in Les Ardennes, a high-risk area, but became ill in the Paris region, an area with no prevalence. We review Hantavirus infections in France and its differential diagnosis. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

  18. Síndrome pulmonar por hantavírus com disfunção de múltiplos órgãos: relato de caso Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome with multiple organ dysfunctions: case report

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    Marcelo Spegiorin Moreno

    2007-12-01

    Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A hantavirose é uma zoonose que apresenta distribuição mundial e sua transmissão está relacionada com o íntimo contato com roedores. Causa dois tipos de doença: a febre hemorrágica com síndrome renal (FHSR, endêmica na Ásia e Europa e a síndrome pulmonar por hantavírus (SPH, encontrada no continente americano, inclusive no Brasil, com elevadas taxas de mortalidade. O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar um caso de SPH com disfunção de múltiplos órgãos, que recebeu tratamento intensivo precoce e reanimação guiada por parâmetros de fluxo e de perfusão tecidual. RELATO DO CASO: Paciente do sexo masculino, 36 anos, iniciou quadro febril inespecífico, dispnéia progressiva, hipóxia grave e insuficiência respiratória aguda. Apresentava infiltrado interstício-alveolar difuso na radiografia de tórax. Evoluiu com disfunção de múltiplos órgãos (pulmonar, renal, hematológica, cardiovascular e metabólica. Recebeu tratamento e monitorização hemodinâmica invasiva precoces. As alterações laboratoriais mais importantes foram plaquetopenia, elevação dos níveis de hematócrito e hemoglobina, leucocitose, elevação de transaminases, de lactado desidrogenase e sorologia positiva para hantavírus (ELISA IgM positivo. O paciente apresentou reversão das disfunções orgânicas, recebendo alta hospitalar após 21 dias de hospitalização. CONCLUSÕES: A reanimação precoce e agressiva dirigida por metas levou à reversão da síndrome de falência de múltiplos órgãos e a um desfecho clínico favorável, apesar da gravidade da doença.BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Hantavirus infection is a zoonose with worldwide distribution. The transmission is related to the intimal contact with rodents. It causes two syndromes: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS, endemic in Asia and Europe and the Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS, found in the American continent, including Brazil, with high mortality

  19. Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS)

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    ... to Yosemite FAQ: Non-U.S. Visitors to Yosemite History of HPS Related Links Prevent Rodent Infestations Cleaning Up After Rodents Diseases From Rodent Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) Recommend on Facebook Tweet Share Compartir Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) is ...

  20. Expansión geográfica del síndrome pulmonar por hantavirus en la Argentina: Informe del caso más austral Geographic expansion of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in Argentina: The southernest case report

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    Carla Bellomo

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available Desde 1995 se han informado más de 1000 casos de síndrome pulmonar por hantavirus (SPH en la Argentina, enfermedad grave y muchas veces fatal para los humanos. La mayoría de los casos fueron asociados al virus Andes (AND único hantavirus que ha sido informado como causante de transmisión persona a persona. Se han descrito varios linajes patogénicos del virus AND, de los cuales AND Sur, cuyo reservorio es el roedor Oligoryzomys longicaudatus, afecta a la región patagónica de Argentina y Chile. En el presente estudio se informan las manifestaciones clínicas y las características epidemiológicas de un caso de SPH. El objetivo fue describir la presentación clínica del caso, su entorno epidemiológico, el sitio probable de contagio, la variante viral implicada y su relación con los casos más cercanos notificados. Se realizó el seguimiento clínico, el diagnóstico serológico y molecular y la investigación epidemiológica, incluyendo un estudio de la población de roedores reservorios en las áreas involucradas. Se trató de una presentación clásica de SPH moderada, causada por el linaje viral AND sur y su secuencia nucleotídica se comparó con casos del sur argentino y chileno. El caso de hantavirus investigado resultó ser el más austral (48° 46´ 1.2´´ S; 70° 15´ 0´´ O notificado hasta el momento e involucró a una nueva provincia argentina.Since 1995 more than 1000 cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS were reported in Argentina, a severe disease and often fatal to humans. Most cases were associated with Andes virus (AND that caused few events of person-to-person transmission. Several lineages of pathogenic AND viruses have been described, including AND South, hosted by the rodent Oligoryzomys longicaudatus which affects the Patagonian region of Argentina and Chile. We studied the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of a HPS case. The objective was to describe the clinical presentation of the case, its

  1. Diferencias regionales y Síndrome Pulmonar por Hantavirus (enfermedad emergente y tropical en Argentina Regional differences and Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (an emerging and tropical disease in Argentina

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    Sergio Sosa-Estani

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available Se describen algunos factores que habrían favorecido a caracterizar la expresión del Síndrome Pulmonar por Hantavirus en Argentina. Estos factores muestran diversos orígenes que van desde los procesos de ocupación del espacio y de producción, la estructura laboral, el patrón de migración humana, la etnia, la dinámica de reservorios y su relación con los tipos de virus, y el comportamiento del hombre. Estos factores se expresan en tres marcos ecológicos asociados a diferentes regiones geográficas de Argentina: 1 Noroeste, 2 Central (Pampa húmeda y 3 Sur Andina. Este complejo escenario obliga a abordar con la misma complejidad las investigaciones, para identificar determinantes primarios, biológicos, sociales y ambientales, causales de salud o enfermedad en su estrecha interacción y no individualmente. Este abordaje permitirá diseñar estrategias apropiadas para mejorar las condiciones de salud. Las mismas deberían ser diseñadas y transferidas por equipos transdisciplinarios de investigación, donde la participación de la comunidad desde las primeras etapas de desarrollo es esencial para la sustentabilidad de la estrategia.Factors related to the characteristics of Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in Argentina are described. Factors from different scientific fields converge to form the syndrome's analytical framework. Some of these factors are the history of spatial occupation, work and production structures, human migration patterns, ethnic composition, reservoir dynamics and its relationship to the different circulating viruses, and human behavior. Furthermore, the multiple factors are expressed in three ecological frameworks, associated with three different geographical regions of Argentina: 1 Northwest; 2 Central ("wet Pampa"; and 3 South Andean. In order to understand the actual causality of health or disease as an interaction of many factors, research on the primary biological, social, and environmental determinants of

  2. Detection of Brazilian hantavirus by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction amplification of N gene in patients with hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome

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    Marcos Lázaro Moreli

    2004-10-01

    Full Text Available We report a nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR assay for hantavirus using primers selected to match high homology regions of hantavirus genomes detected from the whole blood of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS patients from Brazil, also including the N gene nucleotide sequence of Araraquara virus. Hantavirus genomes were detected in eight out of nine blood samples from the HCPS patients by RT-PCR (88.9% positivity and in all 9 blood samples (100% positivity by nested-PCR. The eight amplicons obtained by RT-PCR (P1, P3-P9, including one obtained by nested-PCR (P-2 and not obtained by RT-PCR, were sequenced and showed high homology (94.8% to 99.1% with the N gene of Araraquara hantavirus. Although the serologic method ELISA is the most appropriate test for HCPS diagnosis, the use of nested RT-PCR for hantavirus in Brazil would contribute to the diagnosis of acute hantavirus disease detecting viral genomes in patient specimens as well as initial genomic characterization of circulating hantaviruses.

  3. Evidence of human hantavirus infection and zoonotic investigation of hantavirus prevalence in rodents in western Java, Indonesia.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kosasih, Herman; Ibrahim, Ima Nurisa; Wicaksana, Rudi; Alisjahbana, Bachti; Hoo, Yumilia; Yo, Iing H; Antonjaya, Ungke; Widjaja, Susana; Winoto, Imelda; Williams, Maya; Blair, Patrick J

    2011-06-01

    During febrile surveillance in the western Java City of Bandung, Indonesia, a patient with clinical symptoms consistent with hantavirus infection was found to have elevated titers of hantavirus-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG antibodies. A subsequent epizoological investigation demonstrated a higher prevalence of hantavirus IgG antibodies in rodents trapped in the vicinity of the patient's home compared with rodents from a control area (13.2% vs. 4.7%, p = 0.036). The Old World Seoul hantavirus was detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction in the organs of 71% of the seropositive rodents tested. This is the first report of a Seoul virus infection in Indonesia supported by clinical, serological, and epizoological evidences. These findings suggest that hantavirus infection should be on the clinical differential diagnosis when acutely ill febrile patients report for care in western Java.

  4. The fundamental role of endothelial cells in hantavirus pathogenesis

    OpenAIRE

    Hepojoki, Jussi; Vaheri, Antti; Strandin, Tomas

    2014-01-01

    Hantavirus, a genus of rodent- and insectivore-borne viruses in the family Bunyaviridae, is a group of emerging zoonotic pathogens. Hantaviruses cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in man, often with severe consequences. Vascular leakage is evident in severe hantavirus infections, and increased permeability contributes to the pathogenesis. This review summarizes the current knowledge on hantavirus interactions with hematopoietic and endothelial ...

  5. Detection of Brazilian hantavirus by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction amplification of N gene in patients with hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome

    OpenAIRE

    Marcos Lázaro Moreli; Ricardo Luiz Moro de Sousa; Luiz Tadeu Moraes Figueiredo

    2004-01-01

    We report a nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay for hantavirus using primers selected to match high homology regions of hantavirus genomes detected from the whole blood of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) patients from Brazil, also including the N gene nucleotide sequence of Araraquara virus. Hantavirus genomes were detected in eight out of nine blood samples from the HCPS patients by RT-PCR (88.9% positivity) and in all 9 blood samples (100% positi...

  6. The fundamental role of endothelial cells in hantavirus pathogenesis

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    Jussi eHepojoki

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Hantavirus, a genus of rodent- and insectivore-borne viruses in the family Bunyaviridae, is a group of emerging zoonotic pathogens. Hantaviruses cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS in man, often with severe consequences. Vascular leakage is evident in severe hantavirus infections, and increased permeability contributes to the pathogenesis. This review summarizes the current knowledge on hantavirus interactions with endothelial cells, and their effects on the increased vascular permeability.

  7. Differential lymphocyte and antibody responses in deer mice infected with Sin Nombre hantavirus or Andes hantavirus.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Schountz, Tony; Quackenbush, Sandra; Rovnak, Joel; Haddock, Elaine; Black, William C; Feldmann, Heinz; Prescott, Joseph

    2014-08-01

    Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) is a rodent-borne disease with a high case-fatality rate that is caused by several New World hantaviruses. Each pathogenic hantavirus is naturally hosted by a principal rodent species without conspicuous disease and infection is persistent, perhaps for life. Deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) are the natural reservoirs of Sin Nombre virus (SNV), the etiologic agent of most HCPS cases in North America. Deer mice remain infected despite a helper T cell response that leads to high-titer neutralizing antibodies. Deer mice are also susceptible to Andes hantavirus (ANDV), which causes most HCPS cases in South America; however, deer mice clear ANDV. We infected deer mice with SNV or ANDV to identify differences in host responses that might account for this differential outcome. SNV RNA levels were higher in the lungs but not different in the heart, spleen, or kidneys. Most ANDV-infected deer mice had seroconverted 14 days after inoculation, but none of the SNV-infected deer mice had. Examination of lymph node cell antigen recall responses identified elevated immune gene expression in deer mice infected with ANDV and suggested maturation toward a Th2 or T follicular helper phenotype in some ANDV-infected deer mice, including activation of the interleukin 4 (IL-4) pathway in T cells and B cells. These data suggest that the rate of maturation of the immune response is substantially higher and of greater magnitude during ANDV infection, and these differences may account for clearance of ANDV and persistence of SNV. Hantaviruses persistently infect their reservoir rodent hosts without pathology. It is unknown how these viruses evade sterilizing immune responses in the reservoirs. We have determined that infection of the deer mouse with its homologous hantavirus, Sin Nombre virus, results in low levels of immune gene expression in antigen-stimulated lymph node cells and a poor antibody response. However, infection of deer mice with a

  8. Hantaviral proteins: structure, functions and role in hantavirus infection

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    Musalwa eMuyangwa

    2015-11-01

    Full Text Available Hantaviruses are the members of the family Bunyaviridae that are naturally maintained in the populations of small mammals, mostly rodents. Most of these viruses can easily infect humans through contact with aerosols or dust generated by contaminated animal waste products. Depending on the particular hantavirus involved, human infection could result in either Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS or in Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome (HCPS. In the past few years, clinical cases of the hantavirus caused diseases have been on the rise. Understanding structure of the hantavirus genome and the functions of the key viral proteins is critical for the therapeutic agents’ research. This paper gives a brief overview of the current knowledge on the structure and properties of the hantavirus nucleoprotein and the glycoproteins.

  9. Seroprevalencia de hantavirus en roedores y casos humanos en el sur de la Argentina Hantavirus seroprevalence in rodents and human cases in southern Argentina

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    Edmundo Larrieu

    2003-04-01

    Full Text Available En la Provincia de Río Negro, Argentina, se presentaron casos humanos de síndrome pulmonar por hantavirus (SPH en la región de la cordillera andino patagónica. El virus Andes ha sido identificado en la región, tanto en el roedor Oligoryzomys longicaudatus como en seres humanos, demostrándose la transmisión principalmente del roedor al hombre y la factibilidad de la transmisión de persona a persona. El objetivo del presente trabajo es presentar nueva información sobre especies de roedores portadores de hantavirus en Argentina, su prevalencia de anticuerpos para hantavirus (período 1999-2001 y la relación del tamaño de las poblaciones de roedores y su seroprevalencia con la ocurrencia de casos humanos (período 1996-2001. Para ello, se procedió a la colocación de 3973 trampas para captura viva de roedores, tipo sherman en seis operativos efectuados entre octubre de 1999 y mayo de 2001. Se obtuvieron muestras de sangre de los roedores las que fueron procesadas mediante enzimoinmunoensayo con antígenos elaborados a partir de virus Andes. Una síntesis de los resultados indica 397 roedores capturados, con un éxito de trampeo del 10% y una prevalencia de anticuerpos contra hantavirus del 1.0%. Se observaron importantes diferencias en las especies capturadas en cada una de las regiones. Se capturaron O. longicaudatus y A. Olivaceus seropositivos y O. flavescens y C. Laucha potencialmente portadores de hantavirus Se registraron 6 casos humanos en el período 1993-1995 (correspondientes a estudios retrospectivos, 21 casos se notificaron en el período 1996-1998 y 6 en el período 1999-2001 Se analiza la correlación entre ocurrencia de casos humanos, seroprevalencia en roedores y éxito de trampeo.In the Province of Río Negro, Argentina, human cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS have occurred in the region of the Patagonian Andean range. The Andes virus has been identified in the region, both in the rodent Oligoryzomys

  10. Two Atypical Cases of Hantavirus Infections from Sri Lanka

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    N. D. B. Ehelepola

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available There are two categories of hantaviruses resulting in two distinct illnesses. The Old World (Asia and Europe viruses give rise to hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS, and the New World (Americas viruses cause hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS. Hantavirus infections have very similar clinical pictures and epidemiology to leptospirosis. Here, we present two cases of hantavirus infections from Sri Lanka (in South Asia initially misdiagnosed as leptospirosis and later further investigated and diagnosed as hantavirus infections with serological confirmation of the diagnosis. They had clinical pictures of a combination of both HFRS and HPS as well as the involvement of the central nervous system. Hantavirus infections are rarely diagnosed in South Asia. Reports on such atypical clinical pictures of hantavirus infections are extremely rare. Having arrived at the correct diagnosis late/retrospectively, both these patients recovered notwithstanding being seriously ill, indicating adequate supportive therapy can save lives in such cases. The emergence of the hantavirus, an infection seriously affecting multiple organ systems with a high case fatality rate that is spread by aerosol and other routes, could become a serious public health issue in Sri Lanka.

  11. Potential geographic distribution of hantavirus reservoirs in Brazil.

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    Stefan Vilges de Oliveira

    Full Text Available Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome is an emerging zoonosis in Brazil. Human infections occur via inhalation of aerosolized viral particles from excreta of infected wild rodents. Necromys lasiurus and Oligoryzomys nigripes appear to be the main reservoirs of hantavirus in the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado biomes. We estimated and compared ecological niches of the two rodent species, and analyzed environmental factors influencing their occurrence, to understand the geography of hantavirus transmission. N. lasiurus showed a wide potential distribution in Brazil, in the Cerrado, Caatinga, and Atlantic Forest biomes. Highest climate suitability for O. nigripes was observed along the Brazilian Atlantic coast. Maximum temperature in the warmest months and annual precipitation were the variables that most influence the distributions of N. lasiurus and O. nigripes, respectively. Models based on occurrences of infected rodents estimated a broader area of risk for hantavirus transmission in southeastern and southern Brazil, coinciding with the distribution of human cases of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome. We found no demonstrable environmental differences among occurrence sites for the rodents and for human cases of hantavirus. However, areas of northern and northeastern Brazil are also apparently suitable for the two species, without broad coincidence with human cases. Modeling of niches and distributions of rodent reservoirs indicates potential for transmission of hantavirus across virtually all of Brazil outside the Amazon Basin.

  12. Andes hantavirus variant in rodents, southern Amazon Basin, Peru.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Razuri, Hugo; Tokarz, Rafal; Ghersi, Bruno M; Salmon-Mulanovich, Gabriela; Guezala, M Claudia; Albujar, Christian; Mendoza, A Patricia; Tinoco, Yeny O; Cruz, Christopher; Silva, Maria; Vasquez, Alicia; Pacheco, Víctor; Ströher, Ute; Guerrero, Lisa Wiggleton; Cannon, Deborah; Nichol, Stuart T; Hirschberg, David L; Lipkin, W Ian; Bausch, Daniel G; Montgomery, Joel M

    2014-02-01

    We investigated hantaviruses in rodents in the southern Amazon Basin of Peru and identified an Andes virus variant from Neacomys spinosus mice. This finding extends the known range of this virus in South America and the range of recognized hantaviruses in Peru. Further studies of the epizoology of hantaviruses in this region are warranted.

  13. Andes Hantavirus Variant in Rodents, Southern Amazon Basin, Peru

    OpenAIRE

    Razuri, Hugo; Tokarz, Rafal; Ghersi, Bruno M.; Salmon-Mulanovich, Gabriela; Guezala, M. Claudia; Albujar, Christian; Mendoza, A. Patricia; Tinoco, Yeny O.; Cruz, Christopher; Silva, Maria; Vasquez, Alicia; Pacheco, Víctor; Ströher, Ute; Guerrero, Lisa Wiggleton; Cannon, Deborah

    2014-01-01

    We investigated hantaviruses in rodents in the southern Amazon Basin of Peru and identified an Andes virus variant from Neacomys spinosus mice. This finding extends the known range of this virus in South America and the range of recognized hantaviruses in Peru. Further studies of the epizoology of hantaviruses in this region are warranted.

  14. Seroprevalencia de Hantavirus, Rickettsia y Chikungunya en población indígena del municipio de Tuchín, Córdoba

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    Samia Barrera

    Full Text Available Introducción: La vigilancia de las enfermedades transmitidas por vectores es importante para establecer medidas de control en salud pública. Las poblaciones indígenas de Córdoba viven en condiciones geoclimáticas que favorecen la presencia de vectores que podrían permitir la diseminación y aparición de hantavirosis, rickettsiosis y fiebre por el virus Chikungunya. Objetivo: Establecer la seroprevalencia de Hantavirus, Rickettsia sp. y Chikungunya en la población indígena de Tuchín, Córdoba. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en 190 individuos del resguardo indígena del municipio de Tuchín; el muestreo fue realizado entre agosto y diciembre del 2012. La detección de anticuerpos IgG contra Hantavirus se llevó a cabo con la prueba IgG DxSelectTM (Focus Technologies, EL1600G, California, EE. UU., anticuerpos IgG contra Rickettsia sp. se determinaron por inmunofluorescencia indirecta y se realizó detección de anticuerpos IgG contra el virus Chikungunya mediante ELISA de captura (Nova-Tec, inmunodiagnostica GmbH, CHIG0590, Alemania. Resultados: De 190 sueros analizados, el 5,2% (10/190 fueron positivos para Rickettsia sp. del grupo de la fiebre manchada, para Hantavirus 7 de 87 (8% fueron positivos y no se encontraron positivos para Chikungunya. No se encontraron diferencias significativas (p = 0,05 entre los seropositivos de Hantavirus y Rickettsia sp. para las variables género, edad y ocupación. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos demuestran exposición previa a Rickettsia sp. y a Hantavirus en la población indígena de Tuchín. Los resultados pueden ser útiles para establecer una alerta sobre estas fiebres hemorrágicas. Aunque no se hallaron seropositivos para Chikungunya, este fue el primer trabajo de vigilancia epidemiológica realizado en Colombia sobre este virus.

  15. Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome in the United States.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fabbri, Marilyn; Maslow, Melanie J.

    2001-06-01

    Since the first outbreak of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in 1993, understanding of the vast distribution and potential impact of hantaviruses has grown. At least 277 cases of HPS have been documented in the United States. The full clinical spectrum has yet to be elucidated, and one outbreak suggested the possibility of person-to-person transmission. New research has identified the b-3 integrins as cellular receptors for hantaviruses and has determined the pivotal role of the immune system in pathogenesis. Rapid diagnosis has been facilitated by a new immunoblot assay to detect Sin Nombre virus infection. Treatment remains primarily supportive; however, a placebo- controlled trial of ribavirin is ongoing. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation may be a potential therapy in severe cases; inhaled nitric oxide needs further study. Vaccines developed against hantaviruses associated with hemorrhagic fever and renal syndrome might be effective against HPS-associated strains.

  16. Dobrava Hantavirus Infection Complicated by Panhypopituitarism, Istanbul, Turkey, 2010

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hofmann, Jörg; Canpolat, Alper Tunga; Türk, Ali; Ettinger, Jakob; Atmaca, Deniz; Akyar, Işın; Yücel, Serap; Arıkan, Ender; Uyar, Yavuz; Çağlayık, Dilek Y.; Kocagöz, Ayşe Sesin; Kaya, Ayşin; Kruger, Detlev H.

    2012-01-01

    We identified Dobrava-Belgrade virus infection in Turkey (from a strain related to hantavirus strains from nearby countries) in a patient who had severe symptoms leading to panhypopituitarism, but no known risk for hantavirus. Our findings emphasize the need for increased awareness of hantaviruses in the region and assessment of symptomatic persons without known risk factors for infection. PMID:22709722

  17. Hantavirus Reservoirs: Current Status with an Emphasis on Data from Brazil

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    Renata Carvalho de Oliveira

    2014-04-01

    Full Text Available Since the recognition of hantavirus as the agent responsible for haemorrhagic fever in Eurasia in the 1970s and, 20 years later, the descovery of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in the Americas, the genus Hantavirus has been continually described throughout the World in a variety of wild animals. The diversity of wild animals infected with hantaviruses has only recently come into focus as a result of expanded wildlife studies. The known reservoirs are more than 80, belonging to 51 species of rodents, 7 bats (order Chiroptera and 20 shrews and moles (order Soricomorpha. More than 80genetically related viruses have been classified within Hantavirus genus; 25 recognized as human pathogens responsible for a large spectrum of diseases in the Old and New World. In Brazil, where the diversity of mammals and especially rodents is considered one of the largest in the world, 9 hantavirus genotypes have been identified in 12 rodent species belonging to the genus Akodon, Calomys, Holochilus, Oligoryzomys, Oxymycterus, Necromys and Rattus. Considering the increasing number of animals that have been implicated as reservoirs of different hantaviruses, the understanding of this diversity is important for evaluating the risk of distinct hantavirus species as human pathogens.

  18. What Do We Know about How Hantaviruses Interact with Their Different Hosts?

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    Myriam Ermonval

    2016-08-01

    Full Text Available Hantaviruses, like other members of the Bunyaviridae family, are emerging viruses that are able to cause hemorrhagic fevers. Occasional transmission to humans is due to inhalation of contaminated aerosolized excreta from infected rodents. Hantaviruses are asymptomatic in their rodent or insectivore natural hosts with which they have co-evolved for millions of years. In contrast, hantaviruses cause different pathologies in humans with varying mortality rates, depending on the hantavirus species and its geographic origin. Cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS have been reported in Europe and Asia, while hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndromes (HCPS are observed in the Americas. In some cases, diseases caused by Old World hantaviruses exhibit HCPS-like symptoms. Although the etiologic agents of HFRS were identified in the early 1980s, the way hantaviruses interact with their different hosts still remains elusive. What are the entry receptors? How do hantaviruses propagate in the organism and how do they cope with the immune system? This review summarizes recent data documenting interactions established by pathogenic and nonpathogenic hantaviruses with their natural or human hosts that could highlight their different outcomes.

  19. Serologic survey of hantavirus in a rural population from the northern State of Mato Grosso, Brazil Pesquisa sorológica para hantavírus em uma população rural do norte do Estado do Mato Grosso, Brasil

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    Ioni Oliveira Santos

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available INTRODUCTION: Hantavirus is a genus of ribonucleic acid (RNA viruses included in the family Bunyaviridae. Hantaviruses are rodent-borne zoonoses that, in the last 18 years, became an emergent public health problem in the Americas, causing a severe cardiopulmonary syndrome. This disease has no specific treatment and has a high case fatality. The transmission of hantavirus to man occurs by inhaling aerosols of rodent excreta. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of antibodies to hantavirus in the population of the rural settlement of Tupã in the county of Marcelândia, State of Mato Grosso, Brazil. METHODS: The participants of the serologic survey were visited at their homes and selected randomly among the settlement population. Blood samples of the participants were collected by venopuncture. The serum samples were tested by an IgG-ELISA using an N recombinant protein of Araraquara hantavirus as antigen, using the protocol previously established by Figueiredo et al. RESULTS: IgG antibodies to hantavirus were detected in 7 (13% of the 54 participants. The positivity was higher among men. It was observed that there was an association of seropositivity to hantavirus within the participants born in the south of Brazil. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that, in this rural area, everyone is exposed to the same risk of becoming infected with hantavirus, and, therefore, there is a need to intensify surveillance activities and education of the local people to prevent this viral infection.INTRODUÇÃO: Hantavirus é um gênero de vírus RNA incluído na família Bunyaviridae. Hantaviroses são zoonoses transmitidas por roedores que nos últimos 18 anos tornou-se um problema emergente da saúde pública nas Américas causando uma síndrome cardiopulmonar. Esta doença não tem nenhum tratamento específico e apresenta alta letalidade. A transmissão do hantavirus ao homem ocorre pela inalação de aerossóis dos excrementos de roedores. O

  20. Hantavirus Outbreak: The Qualitative Study

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    Funda Sevencan

    2012-02-01

    Full Text Available Aim: In this study, it was aimed to research by means of qualitative research methods the contact of individuals living in the region with mice and wild animals during the examination of Hantavirus epidemic to produce. Materials and Methods: In the interviews, the contact of participants with mice and wild animals, their opinions about the climate change and their symptom history pertaining to Hantavirus infections in themselves or relatives were discussed. Results: The participants stated that they didn’t see any mouse or mouse excretion, however that they encountered such cases in areas such as woodbin, roof, terrace, forest, etc. all interviews, the increase in the number of wild boars and jackals was especially stated. In all interviews, it was stated that this year was more rainy and warmer compared to previous years. Conclusion: The findings of the study give the impression that the participant group is under the risk of Hantavirus infection. [TAF Prev Med Bull 2012; 11(1.000: 81-86

  1. Phylogeny and origins of hantaviruses harbored by bats, insectivores, and rodents.

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    Wen-Ping Guo

    2013-02-01

    Full Text Available Hantaviruses are among the most important zoonotic pathogens of humans and the subject of heightened global attention. Despite the importance of hantaviruses for public health, there is no consensus on their evolutionary history and especially the frequency of virus-host co-divergence versus cross-species virus transmission. Documenting the extent of hantavirus biodiversity, and particularly their range of mammalian hosts, is critical to resolving this issue. Here, we describe four novel hantaviruses (Huangpi virus, Lianghe virus, Longquan virus, and Yakeshi virus sampled from bats and shrews in China, and which are distinct from other known hantaviruses. Huangpi virus was found in Pipistrellus abramus, Lianghe virus in Anourosorex squamipes, Longquan virus in Rhinolophus affinis, Rhinolophus sinicus, and Rhinolophus monoceros, and Yakeshi virus in Sorex isodon, respectively. A phylogenetic analysis of the available diversity of hantaviruses reveals the existence of four phylogroups that infect a range of mammalian hosts, as well as the occurrence of ancient reassortment events between the phylogroups. Notably, the phylogenetic histories of the viruses are not always congruent with those of their hosts, suggesting that cross-species transmission has played a major role during hantavirus evolution and at all taxonomic levels, although we also noted some evidence for virus-host co-divergence. Our phylogenetic analysis also suggests that hantaviruses might have first appeared in Chiroptera (bats or Soricomorpha (moles and shrews, before emerging in rodent species. Overall, these data indicate that bats are likely to be important natural reservoir hosts of hantaviruses.

  2. Antibody levels to hantavirus in inhabitants of western Santa Catarina State, Brazil

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    William Marciel de Souza

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS is an infectious disease caused by hantaviruses of the family Bunyaviridae, and is transmitted by aerosols of excreta of infected rodents. The aim of the present study was to determine antibody levels to hantavirus in the population that lives at frontier of Brazil and Argentina. Participated of the study 405 individuals living in the municipalities of Bandeirante, Santa Helena, Princesa and Tunapolis, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. IgG antibodies to hantavirus were analyzed in sera by an ELISA that uses a recombinant N protein of Araraquara hantavirus as antigen. The results were also confirmed by immunofluorescent test. Eight individuals showed antibodies to hantavirus (1.97% positivity, with serum titers ranging from 100 to 800. Six seropositives were males, older than 30 years and farmers. Our results reinforce previous data on hantavirus circulation and human infections in the southern border of Brazil with Argentina.

  3. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and coexisting hantavirus pulmonary syndrome

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    Young Min Hong

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS is an acute viral disease with fever, hemorrhage and renal failure caused by hantavirus infection. Hantavirus induces HFRS or hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS. HPS progression to a life-threatening pulmonary disease is found primarily in the USA and very rarely in South Korea. Here, we report a case of HFRS and coexisting HPS.

  4. Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome

    Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

    2011-07-14

    Dr. Adam MacNeil, epidemiologist with Viral Special Pathogens Branch at CDC, discusses hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.  Created: 7/14/2011 by National Center for Emerging Zoonotic and Infectious Diseases (NCEZID).   Date Released: 7/18/2011.

  5. Hantavirus Immunology of Rodent Reservoirs: Current Status and Future Directions

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    Tony Schountz

    2014-03-01

    Full Text Available Hantaviruses are hosted by rodents, insectivores and bats. Several rodent-borne hantaviruses cause two diseases that share many features in humans, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Eurasia or hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in the Americas. It is thought that the immune response plays a significant contributory role in these diseases. However, in reservoir hosts that have been closely examined, little or no pathology occurs and infection is persistent despite evidence of adaptive immune responses. Because most hantavirus reservoirs are not model organisms, it is difficult to conduct meaningful experiments that might shed light on how the viruses evade sterilizing immune responses and why immunopathology does not occur. Despite these limitations, recent advances in instrumentation and bioinformatics will have a dramatic impact on understanding reservoir host responses to hantaviruses by employing a systems biology approach to identify important pathways that mediate virus/reservoir relationships.

  6. Study of hantavirus infection in captive breed colonies of wild rodents

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    RC Oliveira

    2004-10-01

    Full Text Available Wild sigmondontine rodents are known to be the reservoir of several serotypes of New World hantaviruses. The mechanism of viral transmission is by aerosol inhalation of the excreta from infected rodents. Considering that the captive breed colonies of various wild mammals may present a potencial risk for hantaviral transmission, we examined 85 speciemens of Thrichomys spp. (Echimyidae and 17 speciemens of Nectomys squamipes (Sigmodontinae from our colony for the presence of hantavirus infections. Blood samples were assayed for the presence of antibodies to Andes nucleocapsid antigen using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA. Additionally, serum samples from workers previously exposed to wild rodents, in the laboratories where the study was conducted, were also tested by ELISA to investigate prevalence of anti-hantavirus IgG antibodies. All blood samples were negative for hantavirus antibodies. Although these results suggest that those rodent's colonies are hantavirus free, the work emphasizes the need for hantavirus serological monitoring in wild colonized rodents and secure handling potentially infected rodents as important biosafety measures.

  7. Hantavirus strains in East Africa related to Western African hantaviruses

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Těšíková, Jana; Bryjová, Anna; Bryja, Josef; Lavrenchenko, L. A.; Goüy de Bellocq, Joëlle

    2017-01-01

    Roč. 17, č. 4 (2017), s. 278-280 ISSN 1530-3667 R&D Projects: GA ČR GCP502/11/J070 Institutional support: RVO:68081766 Keywords : bats * East Africa * hantavirus * phylogeny * rodents Subject RIV: EE - Microbiology, Virology OBOR OECD: Infectious Diseases Impact factor: 2.045, year: 2016

  8. Seropositivity diagnosis for hantavirus in Jataí, Goiás State, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcos Lázaro Moreli

    Full Text Available Abstract INTRODUCTION: Emerging diseases are of great interest, especially those associated with high mortality rates such as hantaviruses. We aimed to conduct a seroepidemiological survey to determine the levels of hantavirus infection. METHODS: In-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA was used to detect specific antibodies. RESULTS: Of the 429 samples collected, seropositivity of 3.9% to anti-hantavirus immunoglobulin G (IgG was observed (CI 95%: 2.3-5.7. Moreover, in three cases, immunoglobulin M (IgM was detected, of which two were diagnosed as hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS. CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate the considerable occurrence of previous hantavirus infections, highlighting occurrences from sub-clinical cases to HCPS.

  9. Estimation of main diversification time-points of hantaviruses using phylogenetic analyses of complete genomes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Castel, Guillaume; Tordo, Noël; Plyusnin, Alexander

    2017-04-02

    Because of the great variability of their reservoir hosts, hantaviruses are excellent models to evaluate the dynamics of virus-host co-evolution. Intriguing questions remain about the timescale of the diversification events that influenced this evolution. In this paper we attempted to estimate the first ever timing of hantavirus diversification based on thirty five available complete genomes representing five major groups of hantaviruses and the assumption of co-speciation of hantaviruses with their respective mammal hosts. Phylogenetic analyses were used to estimate the main diversification points during hantavirus evolution in mammals while host diversification was mostly estimated from independent calibrators taken from fossil records. Our results support an earlier developed hypothesis of co-speciation of known hantaviruses with their respective mammal hosts and hence a common ancestor for all hantaviruses carried by placental mammals. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  10. Development of a novel plaque reduction neutralisation test for hantavirus infection

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Michelly de Pádua

    2015-08-01

    Full Text Available In the Americas, hantaviruses cause severe cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS with a high fatality rate. Hantavirus infection is commonly diagnosed using serologic techniques and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. This paper presents a novel plaque reduction neutralisation test (PRNT for detecting antibodies to Brazilian hantavirus. Using PRNT, plaque detection was enhanced by adding 0.6% of dimethyl sulfoxide into the overlay culture medium of the infected cells. This procedure facilitated clear visualisation of small plaques under the microscope and provided for easy and accurate plaque counting. The sera from 37 HCPS patients from the city of Ribeirão Preto, Brazil was evaluated for the Rio Mamoré virus (RIOMV using PRNT. Six samples exhibited neutralising antibodies; these antibodies exhibited a low titre. The low level of seropositive samples may be due to fewer cross-reactions between two different hantavirus species; the patients were likely infected by Araraquara virus (a virus that has not been isolated and RIOMV was used for the test. This assay offers a new approach to evaluating and measuring neutralising antibodies produced during hantavirus infections and it can be adapted to other hantaviruses, including viruses that will be isolated in the future.

  11. Two Decades of Hantavirus

    Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

    2017-06-29

    Dr. de St. Maurice, a CDC Epidemic Intelligence Service officer, discusses hantavirus.  Created: 6/29/2017 by National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID).   Date Released: 6/29/2017.

  12. Population Ecology of Hantavirus Rodent Hosts in Southern Brazil

    Science.gov (United States)

    Teixeira, Bernardo R.; Loureiro, Nathalie; Strecht, Liana; Gentile, Rosana; Oliveira, Renata C.; Guterres, Alexandro; Fernandes, Jorlan; Mattos, Luciana H. B. V.; Raboni, Sonia M.; Rubio, Giselia; Bonvicino, Cibele R.; Duarte dos Santos, Claudia N.; Lemos, Elba R. S.; D'Andrea, Paulo S.

    2014-01-01

    In this study we analyze population dynamics of hantavirus rodent hosts and prevalence of infection over a 2-year period in Southern Brazil, a region with a high incidence of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. The 14 small mammal species captured were composed of 10 rodents and four marsupials, the six most abundant species being Akodon serrensis, Oxymycterus judex, Akodon montensis, Akodon paranaensis, Oligoryzomys nigripes, and Thaptomys nigrita. These species displayed a similar pattern with increasing population sizes in fall/winter caused by recruitment and both, increase in reproductive activity and higher hantavirus prevalence in spring/summer. Specific associations between A. montensis/Jaborá Virus (JABV) and O. nigripes/Juquitiba-like Virus (JUQV-like) and spillover infections between A. paranaensis/JABV, A. serrensis/JABV, and A. paranaensis/JUQV-like were observed. Spillover infection in secondary hosts seems to play an important role in maintaining JABV and JUQV-like in the hantavirus sylvatic cycle mainly during periods of low prevalence in primary hosts. PMID:24935954

  13. Structure of the Hantavirus Nucleoprotein Provides Insights into the Mechanism of RNA Encapsidation

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Daniel Olal

    2016-03-01

    Full Text Available Hantaviruses are etiological agents of life-threatening hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome. The nucleoprotein (N of hantavirus is essential for viral transcription and replication, thus representing an attractive target for therapeutic intervention. We have determined the crystal structure of hantavirus N to 3.2 Å resolution. The structure reveals a two-lobed, mostly α-helical structure that is distantly related to that of orthobunyavirus Ns. A basic RNA binding pocket is located at the intersection between the two lobes. We provide evidence that oligomerization is mediated by amino- and C-terminal arms that bind to the adjacent monomers. Based on these findings, we suggest a model for the oligomeric ribonucleoprotein (RNP complex. Our structure provides mechanistic insights into RNA encapsidation in the genus Hantavirus and constitutes a template for drug discovery efforts aimed at combating hantavirus infections.

  14. Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome: a report of two cases

    OpenAIRE

    Marcos Lazaro Moreli; Vivaldo Gomes da Costa; Daiane Pereira da Silva Novaes; Enia Cristina Flor; Juliana Freitas Silva; Keila Rejane Guimarães Vilela; Cácia Régia de Paula

    2013-01-01

    Infection with hantavirus, from the family Bunyaviridae, causes hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) in the Americas. This highly lethal anthropozoonosis afflicts preferentially individuals in rural areas and is transmitted by aerosol of excreta from infected wild rodents. The aim of this study is to report the almost simultaneous occurrence of two cases of HCPS in the municipality of Jataí, state of Goiás, Brazil.

  15. Serological evidence of hantavirus infection in an urban area in Mato Grosso State, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carla Julia da Silva Pessoa Vieira

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available Abstract: INTRODUCTION: In Brazil, Mato Grosso (MT has the highest number of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome cases. Our study aimed to identify anti-hantavirus antibodies in the sera of patients from Sinop, MT, presenting with acute febrile illness. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of data for 198 sera samples assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA was conducted. RESULTS: Immunoglobulins G (IgGs against the hantavirus nucleoprotein were found in 13.6% of the tested sera. No sample had immunoglobulin M (IgM antibodies to hantavirus. Seropositivity occurred mainly in female residents in urban areas who worked around the household. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest circulation of hantavirus in Sinop.

  16. Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome: a report of two cases

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcos Lazaro Moreli

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available Infection with hantavirus, from the family Bunyaviridae, causes hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS in the Americas. This highly lethal anthropozoonosis afflicts preferentially individuals in rural areas and is transmitted by aerosol of excreta from infected wild rodents. The aim of this study is to report the almost simultaneous occurrence of two cases of HCPS in the municipality of Jataí, state of Goiás, Brazil.

  17. Phylogeographic Diversity of Pathogenic and Non-Pathogenic Hantaviruses in Slovenia

    Science.gov (United States)

    Korva, Miša; Knap, Nataša; Resman Rus, Katarina; Fajs, Luka; Grubelnik, Gašper; Bremec, Matejka; Knapič, Tea; Trilar, Tomi; Avšič Županc, Tatjana

    2013-01-01

    Slovenia is a very diverse country from a natural geography point of view, with many different habitats within a relatively small area, in addition to major geological and climatic differences. It is therefore not surprising that several small mammal species have been confirmed to harbour hantaviruses: A. flavicollis (Dobrava virus), A. agrarius (Dobrava virus–Kurkino), M. glareolus (Puumala virus), S. areanus (Seewis virus), M. agrestis, M. arvalis and M. subterraneus (Tula virus). Three of the viruses, namely the Dobrava, Dobrava–Kurkino and Puumala viruses, cause disease in humans, with significant differences in the severity of symptoms. Due to changes in haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome cases (HFRS) epidemiology, a detailed study on phylogenetic diversity and molecular epidemiology of pathogenic and non-pathogenic hantaviruses circulating in ecologically diverse endemic regions was performed. The study presents one of the largest collections of hantavirus L, M and S sequences obtained from hosts and patients within a single country. Several genetic lineages were determined for each hantavirus species, with higher diversity among non-pathogenic compared to pathogenic viruses. For pathogenic hantaviruses, a significant geographic clustering of human- and rodent-derived sequences was confirmed. Several geographic and ecological factors were recognized as influencing and limiting the formation of endemic areas. PMID:24335778

  18. Two cases of Hantavirus infection in Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever endemic region

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mustafa Sünbül

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF and Leptospirosis are endemic in our region. Hantavirus infections may beconfused with similar clinical picture zoonotic infections. Two patients with fever, malaise, cough, phlegm, nausea, vomiting,thrombocytopenia, renal failure, elevated transaminases, and a history of mouse contact were hospitalized in ourclinic with a presumptive diagnosis of leptospirosis, pneumonia, CCHF and Hantavirus infections. Empirical antibiotictreatment was initiated and CCHF and leptospirosis was ruled out with laboratory tests. Hantavirus immunoglobulin(Ig-G and Ig-M antibodies were detected positive by immunofluorescent antibody (IFA method in both cases but,Dobrova virus was detected in only one patient with immunoblotting methods. Both patients were discharged aftertreatment. Hantavirus infections may be misdiagnosed as zoonotic infections since they have similar clinical picture. Itshould be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with a history of contact with mouse. J Microbiol Infect Dis2012; 2(3: 117-120Key words: Hantavirus, hemorrhagic fever, renal syndrome, pulmonary syndrome

  19. Hantavirus-induced disruption of the endothelial barrier: neutrophils are on the payroll.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Schönrich, Günther; Krüger, Detlev H; Raftery, Martin J

    2015-01-01

    Viral hemorrhagic fever caused by hantaviruses is an emerging infectious disease for which suitable treatments are not available. In order to improve this situation a better understanding of hantaviral pathogenesis is urgently required. Hantaviruses infect endothelial cell layers in vitro without causing any cytopathogenic effect and without increasing permeability. This implies that the mechanisms underlying vascular hyperpermeability in hantavirus-associated disease are more complex and that immune mechanisms play an important role. In this review we highlight the latest developments in hantavirus-induced immunopathogenesis. A possible contribution of neutrophils has been neglected so far. For this reason, we place special emphasis on the pathogenic role of neutrophils in disrupting the endothelial barrier.

  20. Multiple Co-infections of Rodents with Hantaviruses, Leptospira, and Babesia in Croatia

    Science.gov (United States)

    Turk, Nenad; Korva, Miša; Margaletić, Josip; Beck, Relja; Vucelja, Marko; Habuš, Josipa; Svoboda, Petra; Županc, Tatjana Avšič; Henttonen, Heikki; Markotić, Alemka

    2012-01-01

    Abstract Hantaviruses, Leptospira spp., and Babesia spp. are rodent-borne pathogens present worldwide. We studied multiple co-infections of small rodents in Croatia with all three pathogens. Twenty-eight Apodemus flavicollis and 16 Myodes glareolus were tested for the presence of hantavirus RNA by real-time RT-PCR, Leptospira strains by renoculture method and Babesia DNA by PCR. Anti-hantavirus antibodies and anti-Leptospira antibodies were detected by serological methods. Very high infection rates with each pathogen were found in A. flavicollis: 20 of 28 rodents (71%) were infected with Dobrava virus, 13 rodents (46%) were infected with Leptospira, and 5 rodents (18%) were infected with Babesia. Multiple co-infections with all three pathogens were found in 3 of 28 (11%) A. flavicollis animals, suggesting that the same rodent host can be infected with several pathogens at the same time. Dual infections with both hantaviruses and Leptospira were found in 7 of 44 rodents (16%), with hantaviruses and Babesia in 2 rodents (5%), and double infection with both Leptospira and Babesia were found in 1 rodent (2%). Since hantaviruses, Leptospira, and Babesia have similar geographical distributions, it is to be expected that in other parts of the world multiple co-infections, representing a serious threat to public health, can be found. PMID:22217170

  1. Maporal Hantavirus Causes Mild Pathology in Deer Mice (Peromyscus maniculatus

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Amanda McGuire

    2016-10-01

    Full Text Available Rodent-borne hantaviruses can cause two human diseases with many pathological similarities: hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS in the western hemisphere and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the eastern hemisphere. Each virus is hosted by specific reservoir species without conspicuous disease. HCPS-causing hantaviruses require animal biosafety level-4 (ABSL-4 containment, which substantially limits experimental research of interactions between the viruses and their reservoir hosts. Maporal virus (MAPV is a South American hantavirus not known to cause disease in humans, thus it can be manipulated under ABSL-3 conditions. The aim of this study was to develop an ABSL-3 hantavirus infection model using the deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus, the natural reservoir host of Sin Nombre virus (SNV, and a virus that is pathogenic in another animal model to examine immune response of a reservoir host species. Deer mice were inoculated with MAPV, and viral RNA was detected in several organs of all deer mice during the 56 day experiment. Infected animals generated both nucleocapsid-specific and neutralizing antibodies. Histopathological lesions were minimal to mild with the peak of the lesions detected at 7–14 days postinfection, mainly in the lungs, heart, and liver. Low to modest levels of cytokine gene expression were detected in spleens and lungs of infected deer mice, and deer mouse primary pulmonary cells generated with endothelial cell growth factors were susceptible to MAPV with viral RNA accumulating in the cellular fraction compared to infected Vero cells. Most features resembled that of SNV infection of deer mice, suggesting this model may be an ABSL-3 surrogate for studying the host response of a New World hantavirus reservoir.

  2. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome and rodent reservoirs in the savanna-like biome of Brazil's southeastern region.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Limongi, J E; Oliveira, R C; Guterres, A; Costa Neto, S F; Fernandes, J; Vicente, L H B; Coelho, M G; Ramos, V N; Ferreira, M S; Bonvicino, C R; D'Andrea, P S; Lemos, E R S

    2016-04-01

    This paper describes the diversity of rodent fauna in an area endemic for hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) in Brazil, the population dynamics and the relationship of rodents with hantavirus in the Cerrado (savanna-like) biome. Additionally, an analysis is made of the partial S segment sequences of the hantaviruses obtained from serologically confirmed human HCPS cases and from rodent specimens. Rodents were collected during four campaigns. Human serum samples were collected from suspected cases of HCPS at hospitals in the state of Minas Gerais. The samples antibody-reactive by ELISA were processed by RT-PCR. The PCR product was amplified and sequenced. Hantavirus was detected only in Necromys lasiurus, the wild rodent species most prevalent in the Cerrado biome (min-max: 50-83·7%). All the six human serum samples were hantavirus seropositive and five showed amplified PCR products. The analysis of the nucleotide sequences showed the circulation of a single genotype, the Araraquara hantavirus. The environmental changes that have occurred in the Cerrado biome in recent decades have favoured N. lasiurus in interspecific competition of habitats, thus increasing the risk of contact between humans and rodent species infected with hantavirus. Our data corroborate the definition of N. lasiurus as the main hantavirus reservoir in the Cerrado biome.

  3. Hantavirus-induced disruption of the endothelial barrier: Neutrophils are on the payroll

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Günther eSchönrich

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available Viral hemorrhagic fever caused by hantaviruses is an emerging infectious disease for which suita-ble treatments are not available. In order to improve this situation a better understanding of han-taviral pathogenesis is urgently required. Hantaviruses infect endothelial cell layers in vitro with-out causing any cytopathogenic effect and without increasing permeability. This implies that the mechanisms underlying vascular hyperpermeability in hantavirus-associated disease are more complex and that immune mechanisms play an important role. In this review we highlight the lat-est developments in hantavirus-induced immunopathogenesis. A possible contribution of neutro-phils has been neglected so far. For this reason, we place special emphasis on the pathogenic role of neutrophils in disrupting the endothelial barrier.

  4. First serologic evidence of human hantavirus infection in Alagoas State in Northeastern Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Alfredo dos Santos-Júnior

    Full Text Available Abstract INTRODUCTION: Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS is rare in Northeastern Brazil. METHODS: Prospective surveillance was conducted over a two-year period in Alagoas State, Northeastern Brazil. The prevalence of anti-hantavirus N-antigen IgM and IgG in human serum samples was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay testing. RESULTS: High avidity IgG was found in nine of 476 serum samples tested (from 102 patients with clinical manifestations compatible with HCPS, 124 patients with leptospirosis, and 250 healthy rural workers. CONCLUSIONS: Serologic evidence of past hantavirus infection in residents of Alagoas State indicates that hantaviruses are present in northeastern Brazil, even in areas silent for HCPS.

  5. Changes in Diversification Patterns and Signatures of Selection during the Evolution of Murinae-Associated Hantaviruses

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    Guillaume Castel

    2014-03-01

    Full Text Available In the last 50 years, hantaviruses have significantly affected public health worldwide, but the exact extent of the distribution of hantavirus diseases, species and lineages and the risk of their emergence into new geographic areas are still poorly known. In particular, the determinants of molecular evolution of hantaviruses circulating in different geographical areas or different host species are poorly documented. Yet, this understanding is essential for the establishment of more accurate scenarios of hantavirus emergence under different climatic and environmental constraints. In this study, we focused on Murinae-associated hantaviruses (mainly Seoul Dobrava and Hantaan virus using sequences available in GenBank and conducted several complementary phylogenetic inferences. We sought for signatures of selection and changes in patterns and rates of diversification in order to characterize hantaviruses’ molecular evolution at different geographical scales (global and local. We then investigated whether these events were localized in particular geographic areas. Our phylogenetic analyses supported the assumption that RNA virus molecular variations were under strong evolutionary constraints and revealed changes in patterns of diversification during the evolutionary history of hantaviruses. These analyses provide new knowledge on the molecular evolution of hantaviruses at different scales of time and space.

  6. A non-fatal case of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome imported into the UK (ex Panama), July 2014

    OpenAIRE

    Atkinson, Barry; Jameson, Lisa J.; Bovill, Bego?a A.; Aarons, Emma J.; Clewlow, Jodie; Lumley, Sarah; Latham, Jennie; Jenkins, Megan H.; MacGowan, Alasdair P.; Simpson, Andrew J.; Ahmed, Javeed; Brooks, Timothy J.; Hewson, Roger

    2015-01-01

    Highlights ? Detection of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome imported into Europe. ? Additional evidence that Choclo hantavirus is currently circulating and causing human disease in Panama. ? Novel diagnostic and sequencing assays for identifying cases of Choclo hantavirus infection.

  7. Novel camelid antibody fragments targeting recombinant nucleoprotein of Araucaria hantavirus: a prototype for an early diagnosis of Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Soraya S Pereira

    Full Text Available In addition to conventional antibodies, camelids produce immunoglobulins G composed exclusively of heavy chains in which the antigen binding site is formed only by single domains called VHH. Their particular characteristics make VHHs interesting tools for drug-delivery, passive immunotherapy and high-throughput diagnosis. Hantaviruses are rodent-borne viruses of the Bunyaviridae family. Two clinical forms of the infection are known. Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS is present in the Old World, while Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS is found on the American continent. There is no specific treatment for HPS and its diagnosis is carried out by molecular or serological techniques, using mainly monoclonal antibodies or hantavirus nucleoprotein (N to detect IgM and IgG in patient serum. This study proposes the use of camelid VHHs to develop alternative methods for diagnosing and confirming HPS. Phage display technology was employed to obtain VHHs. After immunizing one Lama glama against the recombinant N protein (prNΔ₈₅ of a Brazilian hantavirus strain, VHH regions were isolated to construct an immune library. VHHs were displayed fused to the M13KO7 phage coat protein III and the selection steps were performed on immobilized prNΔ₈₅. After selection, eighty clones recognized specifically the N protein. These were sequenced, grouped based mainly on the CDRs, and five clones were analyzed by western blot (WB, surface plasmon resonance (SPR device, and ELISA. Besides the ability to recognize prNΔ85 by WB, all selected clones showed affinity constants in the nanomolar range. Additionaly, the clone KC329705 is able to detect prNΔ₈₅ in solution, as well as the native viral antigen. Findings support the hypothesis that selected VHHs could be a powerful tool in the development of rapid and accurate HPS diagnostic assays, which are essential to provide supportive care to patients and reduce the high mortality rate associated with

  8. Prevalence of serum antibodies to hantavirus in a rural population from the southern state of Santa Catarina, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gregório Wrublevski Pereira

    2012-02-01

    Full Text Available INTRODUCTION: Rodent-borne hantaviruses cause severe human diseases. We completed a serological survey of hantavirus infection in rural inhabitants of Turvo County, in the southern State of Santa Catarina, Brazil, in which seropositivity for hantavirus was correlated to previous disease in the participants. METHODS: The levels of IgG antibodies to hantavirus Araraquara in the sera of 257 individuals were determined using an immunoenzymatic assay. RESULTS: IgG antibodies to hantavirus were found in 2.3% of the participants. All seropositive participants reported previous disease with symptoms suggestive of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: Human infections causing unreported cardiopulmonary syndrome probably occur in the southern State of Santa Catarina.

  9. Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome in Santa Cruz, Bolivia: Outbreak Investigation and Antibody Prevalence Study

    Science.gov (United States)

    2012-10-18

    Ecology and epidemiology of an emerging virus in Latin America]. Medicina (B Aires) 66: 343–356. 22. Weissenbacher MC, Cura E, Segura EL, Hortal M, Baek LJ...et al. (1996) Serological evidence of human Hantavirus infection in Argentina, Bolivia and Uruguay. Medicina (B Aires) 56: 17–22. 23. Pini N (2004...Hantavirus in human and rodent population in an endemic area for hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in Argentina]. Medicina (B Aires) 62: 1–8. 26. Simonsen L

  10. Hantaviruses in the Americas and Their Role as Emerging Pathogens

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fernando Torres-Pérez

    2010-11-01

    Full Text Available The continued emergence and re-emergence of pathogens represent an ongoing, sometimes major, threat to populations. Hantaviruses (family Bunyaviridae and their associated human diseases were considered to be confined to Eurasia, but the occurrence of an outbreak in 1993–94 in the southwestern United States led to a great increase in their study among virologists worldwide. Well over 40 hantaviral genotypes have been described, the large majority since 1993, and nearly half of them pathogenic for humans. Hantaviruses cause persistent infections in their reservoir hosts, and in the Americas, human disease is manifest as a cardiopulmonary compromise, hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS, with case-fatality ratios, for the most common viral serotypes, between 30% and 40%. Habitat disturbance and larger-scale ecological disturbances, perhaps including climate change, are among the factors that may have increased the human caseload of HCPS between 1993 and the present. We consider here the features that influence the structure of host population dynamics that may lead to viral outbreaks, as well as the macromolecular determinants of hantaviruses that have been regarded as having potential contribution to pathogenicity.

  11. Hantaviroses Hantaviruses

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcelo Simão Ferreira

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available As hantaviroses constituem infecções zoonóticas amplamente distribuídas em todo o mundo. A febre hemorrágica com síndrome renal mostra-se endêmica na Ásia e Europa, acometendo milharea de pessoas anualmente. A síndrome cardiopulmonar pelo hantavírus, reconhecida como entidade clínica desde 1993, representa o protótipo das doenças emergentes e encontra-se distribuída em diversos países do continente americano, inclusive o Brasil. Ambas são transmitidas ao homem através da inalação de partículas virais eliminadas nas fezes e urina de roedores domésticos e silvestres. Trata-se de doenças sistêmicas febris que podem acometer vários órgãos, destacando-se o rim na febre hemorrágica com síndrome renal e os pulmões e o coração na síndrome cardiopulmonar. A taxa de letalidade da hantavirose americana alcança 50%. Diagnostica-se as hantaviroses através de provas sorológicas imunoenzimáticas ao identificar-se anticorpos específicos das classes IgM e IgG. Não há tratamento específico. Recomenda-se hidratação cuidadosa, indicação precoce de diálise nas formas renais e administração de drogas vasoativas nos períodos de hipotensão e choque. A administração de corticoesteróides e da ribavirina está sendo avaliada em estudos controlados. O número de casos dessas viroses tem crescido no Brasil ano a ano, e cumpre alertar os profissionais de saúde sobre a ocorrência dessas entidades nos vários estados do país, possibilitando diagnóstico precoce e tratamento adequado nos casos suspeitos da doença.Hantaviruses are zoonotic diseases that affect humans and have a worldwide distribution. The hemorrhagic fever associated with renal syndrome occurs endemically in the Asian and European continents affecting housauds of people every year. Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome, recognized as a clinical entity since 1993, represents the prototype of emerging diseases and is distributed in countries of the American

  12. Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome in Santa Cruz, Bolivia: Outbreak Investigation and Antibody Prevalence Study

    Science.gov (United States)

    Montgomery, Joel M.; Blair, Patrick J.; Carroll, Darin S.; Mills, James N.; Gianella, Alberto; Iihoshi, Naomi; Briggiler, Ana M.; Felices, Vidal; Salazar, Milagros; Olson, James G.; Glabman, Raisa A.; Bausch, Daniel G.

    2012-01-01

    We report the results of an investigation of a small outbreak of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in 2002 in the Department of Santa Cruz, Bolivia, where the disease had not previously been reported. Two cases were initially reported. The first case was a physician infected with Laguna Negra virus during a weekend visit to his ranch. Four other persons living on the ranch were IgM antibody-positive, two of whom were symptomatic for mild hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. The second case was a migrant sugarcane worker. Although no sample remained to determine the specific infecting hantavirus, a virus 90% homologous with Río Mamoré virus was previously found in small-eared pygmy rice rats (Oligoryzomys microtis) trapped in the area. An antibody prevalence study conducted in the region as part of the outbreak investigation showed 45 (9.1%) of 494 persons to be IgG positive, illustrating that hantavirus infection is common in Santa Cruz Department. Precipitation in the months preceding the outbreak was particularly heavy in comparison to other years, suggesting a possible climatic or ecological influence on rodent populations and risk of hantavirus transmission to humans. Hantavirus infection appears to be common in the Santa Cruz Department, but more comprehensive surveillance and field studies are needed to fully understand the epidemiology and risk to humans. PMID:23094116

  13. T Cells and Pathogenesis of Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome and Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome

    OpenAIRE

    Francis A. Ennis; Masanori Terajima

    2011-01-01

    We previously hypothesized that increased capillary permeability observed in both hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) may be caused by hantavirus-specific cytotoxic T cells attacking endothelial cells presenting viral antigens on their surface based on clinical observations and in vitro experiments. In HCPS, hantavirus-specific T cell responses positively correlated with disease severity. In HFRS, in one report, contrary to HCPS, T cell ...

  14. Rodent Abundance and Hantavirus Infection in Protected Area, East-Central Argentina

    Science.gov (United States)

    Maroli, Malena; Vadell, María Victoria; Padula, Paula

    2018-01-01

    We captured 3 hantavirus rodent hosts in Otamendi Natural Reserve, Argentina, during 2007–2012. Hantavirus antibodies were found only in Akodon azarae grass mice, mainly in males and old animals. Higher abundance of this species was associated with warm and rainy weather and high water levels, which peaked after a strong El Niño event. PMID:29260665

  15. Treatment of Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome

    Science.gov (United States)

    2007-10-14

    femoral artery and vein. The bed is versity of New Mexico. . Antiviral therapy Ribavirin was tested for efficacy in HFRS patients in China nd shown to...Weis- senbacher, M.C., 1996. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in Argentina. Possibility of person to person transmission. Medicina (B. Aires) 56, 709–711

  16. Serological Survey of Hantavirus in Inhabitants from Tropical and Subtropical Areas of Brazil

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    Felipe Alves Morais

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Brazil has reported more than 1,600 cases of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HPS since 1993, with a 39% rate of reported fatalities. Using a recombinant nucleocapsid protein of Araraquara virus, we performed ELISA to detect IgG antibodies against hantavirus in human sera. The aim of this study was to analyze hantavirus antibody levels in inhabitants from a tropical area (Amazon region in Rondônia state and a subtropical (Atlantic Rain Forest region in São Paulo state, Brazil. A total of 1,310 serum samples were obtained between 2003 and 2008 and tested by IgG-ELISA, and 82 samples (6.2%, of which 62 were from the tropical area (5.8% and 20 from the subtropical area (8.3%, tested positive. Higher levels of hantavirus antibody were observed in inhabitants of the populous subtropical areas compared with those from the tropical areas in Brazil.

  17. Prevalence of infection with hantavirus in rodent populations of central Argentina

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    Olga V Suárez

    2003-09-01

    Full Text Available We studied hantavirus seroprevalence and virus variability in rodent populations in Diego Gaynor, northwest of Buenos Aires province, Argentina. Rodent samplings were conducted in railroads and cropfield borders in March and July 1999, September and December 2000, and March 2001. Antibody detection was performed by an enzyme link immunosorbent assay (ELISA, using the recombinant nucleoprotein of Andes (AND virus as antigen. Tissue samples were taken from positive antibody individuals in order to confirm the presence of hantavirus genomic material and to identify virus genotypes. Akodon azarae was the most abundant species, followed by Oligoryzomys flavescens, while Calomys laucha and C. musculinus were rarely caught. We found a rate of seroprevalence of 9.3% for a total sample of 291 A. azarae and 13.5% for 37 O. flavescens. After molecular analyses of hantavirus, we confirmed the presence of hantavirus genomic material in 16 individuals with ELISA (+ results and two individuals with ELISA (-. Four amplimers for each species were sequenced and compared to the corresponding sequences of representative hantaviruses. We identified the AND Cent Lec from three O. flavescens, and the Pergamino virus from four A. azarae and from one O. flavescens. A. azarae males had higher seroprevalence than females, and heavier individuals showed higher seroprevalence than lighter ones. We did not find seroprevalence differences according to sex in O. flavescens, although this result may have been produced by the low sample size. The lowest seroprevalence was found in a period of high rodent density, when juveniles prevailed in the population. We found higher seroprevalences than those detected in previous studies for other localities of central Argentina where cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS have been reported. The presence of AND Cent Lec virus in rodent populations of the study area, which is responsible of HPS cases in central Argentina, suggests

  18. Ecology of rodent-associated hantaviruses in the Southern Cone of South America: Argentina, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Palma, R Eduardo; Polop, Jaime J; Owen, Robert D; Mills, James N

    2012-04-01

    Thirteen hantavirus genotypes, associated with at least 12 sigmodontine reservoir rodents, have been recognized in the four countries that represent the Southern Cone of South America. Host-virus relationships are not as well defined as in North America; several Southern Cone hantaviruses appear to share a common host and some viruses do not occur throughout the range of their host. Although hantavirus-host relationships in the Southern Cone are less strictly concordant with the single-host-single-virus pattern reported elsewhere, recent studies suggest that much of the ambiguity may result from an incomplete understanding of host and hantavirus systematics. Although some Southern Cone host species are habitat generalists, some sympatric species are habitat specialists, helping to explain how some strict host-virus pairings may be maintained. In some cases, host population densities were higher in peridomestic habitats and prevalence of hantavirus infection was higher in host populations in peridomestic habitats. Seasonal and multiyear patterns in climate and human disturbance affect host population densities, prevalence of infection, and disease risk to humans. Unusually high hantavirus antibody prevalence in indigenous human populations may be associated with frequent and close contact with host rodents. Ongoing studies are improving our understanding of hantavirus-host ecology and providing tools that may predict human risk.

  19. Endothelial cell permeability during hantavirus infection involves factor XII-dependent increased activation of the kallikrein-kinin system.

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    Shannon L Taylor

    Full Text Available Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS are diseases caused by hantavirus infections and are characterized by vascular leakage due to alterations of the endothelial barrier. Hantavirus-infected endothelial cells (EC display no overt cytopathology; consequently, pathogenesis models have focused either on the influx of immune cells and release of cytokines or on increased degradation of the adherens junction protein, vascular endothelial (VE-cadherin, due to hantavirus-mediated hypersensitization of EC to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF. To examine endothelial leakage in a relevant in vitro system, we co-cultured endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMC to generate capillary blood vessel-like structures. In contrast to results obtained in monolayers of cultured EC, we found that despite viral replication in both cell types as well as the presence of VEGF, infected in vitro vessels neither lost integrity nor displayed evidence of VE-cadherin degradation. Here, we present evidence for a novel mechanism of hantavirus-induced vascular leakage involving activation of the plasma kallikrein-kinin system (KKS. We show that incubation of factor XII (FXII, prekallikrein (PK, and high molecular weight kininogen (HK plasma proteins with hantavirus-infected EC results in increased cleavage of HK, higher enzymatic activities of FXIIa/kallikrein (KAL and increased liberation of bradykinin (BK. Measuring cell permeability in real-time using electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS, we identified dramatic increases in endothelial cell permeability after KKS activation and liberation of BK. Furthermore, the alterations in permeability could be prevented using inhibitors that directly block BK binding, the activity of FXIIa, or the activity of KAL. Lastly, FXII binding and autoactivation is increased on the surface of hantavirus-infected EC. These data are the first to demonstrate KKS activation

  20. Hantavirus Gn and Gc glycoproteins self-assemble into virus-like particles.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Acuña, Rodrigo; Cifuentes-Muñoz, Nicolás; Márquez, Chantal L; Bulling, Manuela; Klingström, Jonas; Mancini, Roberta; Lozach, Pierre-Yves; Tischler, Nicole D

    2014-02-01

    How hantaviruses assemble and exit infected cells remains largely unknown. Here, we show that the expression of Andes (ANDV) and Puumala (PUUV) hantavirus Gn and Gc envelope glycoproteins lead to their self-assembly into virus-like particles (VLPs) which were released to cell supernatants. The viral nucleoprotein was not required for particle formation. Further, a Gc endodomain deletion mutant did not abrogate VLP formation. The VLPs were pleomorphic, exposed protrusions and reacted with patient sera.

  1. Tula hantavirus NSs protein accumulates in the perinuclear area in infected and transfected cells.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Virtanen, Jussi Oskari; Jääskeläinen, Kirsi Maria; Djupsjöbacka, Janica; Vaheri, Antti; Plyusnin, Alexander

    2010-01-01

    The small RNA segment of some hantaviruses (family Bunyaviridae) encodes two proteins: the nucleocapsid protein and, in an overlapping reading frame, a non-structural (NSs) protein. The hantavirus NSs protein, like those of orthobunya- and phleboviruses, counteracts host innate immunity. Here, for the first time, the NSs protein of a hantavirus (Tula virus) has been observed in infected cells and shown to localize in the perinuclear area. Transiently expressed NSs protein showed similar localization, although the kinetics was slightly different, suggesting that to reach its proper location in the infected cell, the NSs protein does not have to cooperate with other viral proteins.

  2. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (rio Mamore virus) in the peruvian Amazon region

    OpenAIRE

    Mamani, Enrique; Centro Nacional de Salud Pública. Instituto Nacional de Salud. Lima, Perú. biólogo.; García, María P.; Centro Nacional de Salud Pública. Instituto Nacional de Salud. Lima, Perú. tecnólogo médico.; Miraval, María L.; Centro Nacional de Salud Pública. Instituto Nacional de Salud. Lima, Perú. médico anátomo-patólogo.; Valencia, Pedro; Centro Nacional de Salud Pública. Instituto Nacional de Salud. Lima, Perú. Médico infectólogo.; Quino, Alberto H.; Hospital Regional de Loreto, Gobierno Regional de Loreto. Loreto, Perú. médico intensivista.; Álvarez, Carlos; Unidad de Análisis y Generación de Evidencias en Salud Pública. Instituto Nacional de Salud. Lima, Perú. médico anátomo-patólogo.; Donaires, Luis F.; Dirección Regional de Salud de Loreto, Gobierno Regional de Loreto. Loreto, Perú. médico epidemiólogo.

    2014-01-01

    Hantavirus infection is a viral zoonotic infection borne by rodents which most letal form clinical is the Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (SPH, Spanish abbreviation). The Mamore River variant originates in South America and was found in rodents without any association to human diseases. Two cases of SPH were identified in the Peruvian Amazon region in November 2011. In both cases, a molecular diagnostic testing was conducted by the Instituto Nacional de Salud from Peru. A phylogenetic analy...

  3. Expression of a hantavirus N protein and its efficacy as antigen in immune assays

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    L.T.M. Figueiredo

    2008-07-01

    Full Text Available Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS has been recognized as an important public heath problem. Five hantaviruses associated with HCPS are currently known in Brazil: Juquitiba, Araraquara, Laguna Negra-like, Castelo dos Sonhos, and Anajatuba viruses. The laboratory diagnosis of HCPS is routinely carried out by the detection of anti-hantavirus IgM and/or IgG antibodies. The present study describes the expression of the N protein of a hantavirus detected in the blood sample of an HCPS patient. The entire S segment of the virus was amplified and found to be 1858 nucleotides long, with an open reading frame of 1287 nucleotides that encodes a protein of 429 amino acids. The nucleotide sequence described here showed a high identity with the N protein gene of Araraquara virus. The entire N protein was expressed using the vector pET200D and the Escherichia coli BL21 strain. The expression of the recombinant protein was confirmed by the detection of a 52-kDa protein by Western blot using a pool of human sera obtained from HCPS patients, and by specific IgG detection in five serum samples of HCPS patients tested by ELISA. These results suggest that the recombinant N protein could be used as an antigen for the serological screening of hantavirus infection.

  4. [The role of natural environment in spreading of hantavirus--model of the correlation between host, pathogen and human infections].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Baumann, Anna; Dudek, Dorota; Sadkowska-Todys, Małgorzata

    2007-01-01

    The environmental changes caused by humans influence ecosystem and thus have significant impact on occurrence of emerging and re-emerging diseases. The hantavirus infection belong to the one of them. The aim of this paper was to present current knowledge about relationship between hantavirus, their natural host and the spread of the infection to people. Rodents constitute both the natural host of the hantaviruses and the reservoir of hantavirus for environment. Circulation of the virus in the rodent population is crucial to maintain the virus in the environment. The individual characteristics of rodents influence on risk of infection with hantavirus. However, this relationship is still unexplained. Risk of pathogen exposure often increases with age and behavioral differences associated with the sex of the susceptible individual. Mating behaviors seem to play an important role in the spread of the virus among rodents. Human incidence of hantavirus infection has in general been found to correlate to the population size of rodent host especially in the model of nephropathia epidemica (NE; a mild form of HFRS), Puumala virus (PUU) and bank voles. The occurrence of hantavirus infections in humans is assumed to rise as a secondary effect from altered population sizes of rodents in a changing environment due to e.g. mast years, forest fragmentation, global warming.

  5. Inhibition of the Hantavirus Fusion Process by Predicted Domain III and Stem Peptides from Glycoprotein Gc.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Barriga, Gonzalo P; Villalón-Letelier, Fernando; Márquez, Chantal L; Bignon, Eduardo A; Acuña, Rodrigo; Ross, Breyan H; Monasterio, Octavio; Mardones, Gonzalo A; Vidal, Simon E; Tischler, Nicole D

    2016-07-01

    Hantaviruses can cause hantavirus pulmonary syndrome or hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in humans. To enter cells, hantaviruses fuse their envelope membrane with host cell membranes. Previously, we have shown that the Gc envelope glycoprotein is the viral fusion protein sharing characteristics with class II fusion proteins. The ectodomain of class II fusion proteins is composed of three domains connected by a stem region to a transmembrane anchor in the viral envelope. These fusion proteins can be inhibited through exogenous fusion protein fragments spanning domain III (DIII) and the stem region. Such fragments are thought to interact with the core of the fusion protein trimer during the transition from its pre-fusion to its post-fusion conformation. Based on our previous homology model structure for Gc from Andes hantavirus (ANDV), here we predicted and generated recombinant DIII and stem peptides to test whether these fragments inhibit hantavirus membrane fusion and cell entry. Recombinant ANDV DIII was soluble, presented disulfide bridges and beta-sheet secondary structure, supporting the in silico model. Using DIII and the C-terminal part of the stem region, the infection of cells by ANDV was blocked up to 60% when fusion of ANDV occurred within the endosomal route, and up to 95% when fusion occurred with the plasma membrane. Furthermore, the fragments impaired ANDV glycoprotein-mediated cell-cell fusion, and cross-inhibited the fusion mediated by the glycoproteins from Puumala virus (PUUV). The Gc fragments interfered in ANDV cell entry by preventing membrane hemifusion and pore formation, retaining Gc in a non-resistant homotrimer stage, as described for DIII and stem peptide inhibitors of class II fusion proteins. Collectively, our results demonstrate that hantavirus Gc shares not only structural, but also mechanistic similarity with class II viral fusion proteins, and will hopefully help in developing novel therapeutic strategies against hantaviruses.

  6. Seroprevalence of hantavirus and Yersinia pestis antibodies in professionals from the Plague Control Program

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    Erika de Cassia Vieira da Costa

    2013-07-01

    Full Text Available Introduction Professionals who handle rodents in the field and in the laboratory are at risk of infection by the microorganisms harbored by these animals. Methods Serum samples from professionals involved in rodent and Yersinia pestis handling in field or laboratory work were analyzed to determine hantavirus and plague seroprevalence and to establish a relationship between these activities and reports of illnesses. Results Two individuals had antibodies against hantavirus, and two harbored antibodies against the plague; none of the individuals had experienced an illness related to their duties. Conclusions These results confirm the risks of hantavirus- and plague-related field and laboratory activities and the importance of protective measures for such work.

  7. New World hantaviruses activate IFNlambda production in type I IFN-deficient vero E6 cells.

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    Joseph Prescott

    Full Text Available Hantaviruses indigenous to the New World are the etiologic agents of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS. These viruses induce a strong interferon-stimulated gene (ISG response in human endothelial cells. African green monkey-derived Vero E6 cells are used to propagate hantaviruses as well as many other viruses. The utility of the Vero E6 cell line for virus production is thought to owe to their lack of genes encoding type I interferons (IFN, rendering them unable to mount an efficient innate immune response to virus infection. Interferon lambda, a more recently characterized type III IFN, is transcriptionally controlled much like the type I IFNs, and activates the innate immune system in a similar manner.We show that Vero E6 cells respond to hantavirus infection by secreting abundant IFNlambda. Three New World hantaviruses were similarly able to induce IFNlambda expression in this cell line. The IFNlambda contained within virus preparations generated with Vero E6 cells independently activates ISGs when used to infect several non-endothelial cell lines, whereas innate immune responses by endothelial cells are specifically due to viral infection. We show further that Sin Nombre virus replicates to high titer in human hepatoma cells (Huh7 without inducing ISGs.Herein we report that Vero E6 cells respond to viral infection with a highly active antiviral response, including secretion of abundant IFNlambda. This cytokine is biologically active, and when contained within viral preparations and presented to human epithelioid cell lines, results in the robust activation of innate immune responses. We also show that both Huh7 and A549 cell lines do not respond to hantavirus infection, confirming that the cytoplasmic RNA helicase pathways possessed by these cells are not involved in hantavirus recognition. We demonstrate that Vero E6 actively respond to virus infection and inhibiting IFNlambda production in these cells might increase their utility

  8. The decline in mortality from circulatory diseases in Brazil Disminución en la mortalidad por enfermedades cardiovasculares en Brasil

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    Cintia Curioni

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVES: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the world. Although mortality rates have declined gradually in developed countries, the scenario is less clear in developing countries. We describe the trends in cardiovascular mortality in Brazil over 24 years and investigate differences according to groups of diseases, sociopolitical region, gender, and age. METHODS: We retrieved official data on mortality and population estimates to calculate standardized mortality rates in six age strata and in the five political regions from 1980 through 2003. The negative binomial distribution model was used to estimate trends for mortality separately for each gender, age group, and geopolitical region during this period. RESULTS: Total cardiovascular standardized mortality rates decreased consistently over 24 years, from 287.3 to 161.9 per 100000 inhabitants, with a mean annual decrease of 3.9%. Reductions in cardiovascular standardized mortality rates were detected in all strata and for all groups of diseases, with stroke exhibiting the largest average decline, from 95.2 to 52.6 per 100000 inhabitants (mean 4.0% per year, followed by coronary disease, from 80.3 to 49.2 per 100000 inhabitants (3.6% per year; the decrease was especially marked in the most developed regions. CONCLUSIONS: Cardiovascular disease standardized mortality rates consistently decreased in Brazil during the study period. The reduction is apparently related to indices of increasing social development. Despite these encouraging findings, a gradual increase in the deaths from cardiovascular disease is expected in the next decades, and additional efforts in prevention are needed.OBJETIVOS: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares constituyen la primera causa de muerte en el mundo. Aunque las tasas de mortalidad han disminuido gradualmente en los países desarrollados, el escenario es menos claro en los países en desarrollo. Se describen las tendencias de la mortalidad por

  9. Equilibrium and kinetics of Sin Nombre hantavirus binding at DAF/CD55 functionalized bead surfaces.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Buranda, Tione; Swanson, Scarlett; Bondu, Virginie; Schaefer, Leah; Maclean, James; Mo, Zhenzhen; Wycoff, Keith; Belle, Archana; Hjelle, Brian

    2014-03-10

    Decay accelerating factor (DAF/CD55) is targeted by many pathogens for cell entry. It has been implicated as a co-receptor for hantaviruses. To examine the binding of hantaviruses to DAF, we describe the use of Protein G beads for binding human IgG Fc domain-functionalized DAF ((DAF)₂-Fc). When mixed with Protein G beads the resulting DAF beads can be used as a generalizable platform for measuring kinetic and equilibrium binding constants of DAF binding targets. The hantavirus interaction has high affinity (24-30 nM; k(on) ~ 10⁵ M⁻¹ s⁻¹, k(off) ~ 0.0045 s⁻¹). The bivalent (DAF)₂-Fc/SNV data agree with hantavirus binding to DAF expressed on Tanoue B cells (K(d) = 14.0 nM). Monovalent affinity interaction between SNV and recombinant DAF of 58.0 nM is determined from competition binding. This study serves a dual purpose of presenting a convenient and quantitative approach of measuring binding affinities between DAF and the many cognate viral and bacterial ligands and providing new data on the binding constant of DAF and Sin Nombre hantavirus. Knowledge of the equilibrium binding constant allows for the determination of the relative fractions of bound and free virus particles in cell entry assays. This is important for drug discovery assays for cell entry inhibitors.

  10. T Cells and Pathogenesis of Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome and Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome

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    Francis A. Ennis

    2011-07-01

    Full Text Available We previously hypothesized that increased capillary permeability observed in both hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS may be caused by hantavirus-specific cytotoxic T cells attacking endothelial cells presenting viral antigens on their surface based on clinical observations and in vitro experiments. In HCPS, hantavirus-specific T cell responses positively correlated with disease severity. In HFRS, in one report, contrary to HCPS, T cell responses negatively correlated with disease severity, but in another report the number of regulatory T cells, which are thought to suppress T cell responses, negatively correlated with disease severity. In rat experiments, in which hantavirus causes persistent infection, depletion of regulatory T cells helped infected rats clear virus without inducing immunopathology. These seemingly contradictory findings may suggest delicate balance in T cell responses between protection and immunopathogenesis. Both too strong and too weak T cell responses may lead to severe disease. It is important to clarify the role of T cells in these diseases for better treatment (whether to suppress T cell functions and protection (vaccine design which may need to take into account viral factors and the influence of HLA on T cell responses.

  11. Indirect immunofluorescence assay for the simultaneous detection of antibodies against clinically important old and new world hantaviruses.

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    Sabine Lederer

    Full Text Available In order to detect serum antibodies against clinically important Old and New World hantaviruses simultaneously, multiparametric indirect immunofluorescence assays (IFAs based on biochip mosaics were developed. Each of the mosaic substrates consisted of cells infected with one of the virus types Hantaan (HTNV, Puumala (PUUV, Seoul (SEOV, Saaremaa (SAAV, Dobrava (DOBV, Sin Nombre (SNV or Andes (ANDV. For assay evaluation, serum IgG and IgM antibodies were analyzed using 184 laboratory-confirmed hantavirus-positive sera collected at six diagnostic centers from patients actively or previously infected with the following hantavirus serotypes: PUUV (Finland, n=97; SEOV (China, n=5; DOBV (Romania, n=7; SNV (Canada, n=23; ANDV (Argentina and Chile, n=52. The control panel comprised 89 sera from healthy blood donors. According to the reference tests, all 184 patient samples were seropositive for hantavirus-specific IgG (n=177; 96% and/or IgM (n=131; 72%, while all control samples were tested negative. In the multiparametric IFA applied in this study, 183 (99% of the patient sera were IgG and 131 (71% IgM positive (accordance with the reference tests: IgG, 96%; IgM, 93%. Overall IFA sensitivity for combined IgG and IgM analysis amounted to 100% for all serotypes, except for SNV (96%. Of the 89 control sera, 2 (2% showed IgG reactivity against the HTNV substrate, but not against any other hantavirus. Due to the high cross-reactivity of hantaviral nucleocapsid proteins, endpoint titrations were conducted, allowing serotype determination in >90% of PUUV- and ANDV-infected patients. Thus, multiparametric IFA enables highly sensitive and specific serological diagnosis of hantavirus infections and can be used to differentiate PUUV and ANDV infection from infections with Murinae-borne hantaviruses (e.g. DOBV and SEOV.

  12. Morbilidad cardiovascular por autoreporte y su asociación con factores biopsicosociales, Tolima, Colombia / Self reported cardiovascular disease and association with biopsychosocial factors, Tolima, Colombia

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    Laura Sánchez

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: establecer la prevalencia de morbilidad cardiovascular por autoreporte en adultos de 18 a 69 años, en el Tolima, y explorar su asociación con factores biológicos, psicológicos y sociales, a partir de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2007. Metodología: estudio epidemiológico observacional, con un componente descriptivo-transversal y otro analítico-transversal de asociación, que empleó 1219 registros de personas entre 18 y 69 años del departamento del Tolima, provenientes de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2007. Se describieron las características demográficas y se determinó la prevalencia de factores de riesgo biopsicosociales para enfermedad cardiovascular por auto-reporte. Se exploraron asociaciones entre esos factores y enfermedad cardiovascular grave. Resultados: los factores de riesgo más prevalentes en las personas que desarrollaron un evento cardiovascular fueron hipertensión: 16,8%; dependencia al alcohol: 14,1%; nivel educativo nulo: 14%; la prevalencia de eventos cardiovasculares graves es del 5,5%. Al ajustar por variables de sexo y edad se encontró que los factores de riesgo para enfermedad cardiovascular grave son el autoreporte de problemas de salud mental, hipertensión, dependencia al alcohol, hipercolesterolemia e hipertrigliceridemia. Conclusiones: además de los factores biológicos reconocidos, se encontró que el autoreporte de problemáticas mentales también es un factor de riesgo para la enfermedad cardiovascular grave auto-reportada.ç Objective: to determine the prevalence of self-reported cardiovascular disease in adults aged 18 to 69 in Tolima and to explore their association with biological, psychological and social factors from the 2007 National Health Survey. Methodology: an observational epidemiological study with a descriptive component and an analytic cross section of association, employing 1219 records of people between the ages of 18 and 69 in the Tolima department, taken from the 2007

  13. Serologic survey for hantavirus infections among wild animals in rural areas of São Paulo State, Brazil

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    ROMANO-LIEBER Nicolina Silvana

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available A serosurvey was conducted in wild animals captured close to two areas where hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS occurred in São Paulo State, Brazil. Serum samples from a total of 43 mammals were tested for antibodies reactive with Sin Nombre (SN hantavirus using a strip immunoblot assay. RNAs from the blood clots of the positive samples were submitted to reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR. Two rodents of the genus Oligoryzomys were positive for hantavirus antibodies. These animals were captured in the Iguape region and represented 16.7% (2/12 of the sera from rodents and 100.0% (2/2 of the Oligoryzomys captured in that area. RT-PCR failed to amplify any viral cDNA. These results are in agreement with other data that suggest that members of this genus are important reservoirs of hantaviruses in Brazil.

  14. Climate change and sugarcane expansion increase Hantavirus infection risk.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Prist, Paula Ribeiro; Uriarte, María; Fernandes, Katia; Metzger, Jean Paul

    2017-07-01

    Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome (HCPS) is a disease caused by Hantavirus, which is highly virulent for humans. High temperatures and conversion of native vegetation to agriculture, particularly sugarcane cultivation can alter abundance of rodent generalist species that serve as the principal reservoir host for HCPS, but our understanding of the compound effects of land use and climate on HCPS incidence remains limited, particularly in tropical regions. Here we rely on a Bayesian model to fill this research gap and to predict the effects of sugarcane expansion and expected changes in temperature on Hantavirus infection risk in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The sugarcane expansion scenario was based on historical data between 2000 and 2010 combined with an agro-environment zoning guideline for the sugar and ethanol industry. Future evolution of temperature anomalies was derived using 32 general circulation models from scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 (Representative greenhouse gases Concentration Pathways adopted by IPCC). Currently, the state of São Paulo has an average Hantavirus risk of 1.3%, with 6% of the 645 municipalities of the state being classified as high risk (HCPS risk ≥ 5%). Our results indicate that sugarcane expansion alone will increase average HCPS risk to 1.5%, placing 20% more people at HCPS risk. Temperature anomalies alone increase HCPS risk even more (1.6% for RCP4.5 and 1.7%, for RCP8.5), and place 31% and 34% more people at risk. Combined sugarcane and temperature increases led to the same predictions as scenarios that only included temperature. Our results demonstrate that climate change effects are likely to be more severe than those from sugarcane expansion. Forecasting disease is critical for the timely and efficient planning of operational control programs that can address the expected effects of sugarcane expansion and climate change on HCPS infection risk. The predicted spatial location of HCPS infection risks obtained here can be

  15. Climate change and sugarcane expansion increase Hantavirus infection risk.

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    Paula Ribeiro Prist

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome (HCPS is a disease caused by Hantavirus, which is highly virulent for humans. High temperatures and conversion of native vegetation to agriculture, particularly sugarcane cultivation can alter abundance of rodent generalist species that serve as the principal reservoir host for HCPS, but our understanding of the compound effects of land use and climate on HCPS incidence remains limited, particularly in tropical regions. Here we rely on a Bayesian model to fill this research gap and to predict the effects of sugarcane expansion and expected changes in temperature on Hantavirus infection risk in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The sugarcane expansion scenario was based on historical data between 2000 and 2010 combined with an agro-environment zoning guideline for the sugar and ethanol industry. Future evolution of temperature anomalies was derived using 32 general circulation models from scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 (Representative greenhouse gases Concentration Pathways adopted by IPCC. Currently, the state of São Paulo has an average Hantavirus risk of 1.3%, with 6% of the 645 municipalities of the state being classified as high risk (HCPS risk ≥ 5%. Our results indicate that sugarcane expansion alone will increase average HCPS risk to 1.5%, placing 20% more people at HCPS risk. Temperature anomalies alone increase HCPS risk even more (1.6% for RCP4.5 and 1.7%, for RCP8.5, and place 31% and 34% more people at risk. Combined sugarcane and temperature increases led to the same predictions as scenarios that only included temperature. Our results demonstrate that climate change effects are likely to be more severe than those from sugarcane expansion. Forecasting disease is critical for the timely and efficient planning of operational control programs that can address the expected effects of sugarcane expansion and climate change on HCPS infection risk. The predicted spatial location of HCPS infection risks

  16. Bessel collocation approach for approximate solutions of Hantavirus infection model

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    Suayip Yuzbasi

    2017-11-01

    Full Text Available In this study, a collocation method is introduced to find the approximate solutions of Hantavirus infection model which is a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The method is based on the Bessel functions of the first kind, matrix operations and collocation points. This method converts Hantavirus infection model into a matrix equation in terms of the Bessel functions of first kind, matrix operations and collocation points. The matrix equation corresponds to a system of nonlinear equations with the unknown Bessel coefficients. The reliability and efficiency of the suggested scheme are demonstrated by numerical applications and all numerical calculations have been done by using a program written in Maple.

  17. Landscape, Environmental and Social Predictors of Hantavirus Risk in São Paulo, Brazil.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paula Ribeiro Prist

    Full Text Available Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS is a disease caused by Hantavirus, which are negative-sense RNA viruses in the family Bunyaviridae that are highly virulent to humans. Numerous factors modify risk of Hantavirus transmission and consequent HPS risk. Human-driven landscape change can foster transmission risk by increasing numbers of habitat generalist rodent species that serve as the principal reservoir host. Climate can also affect rodent population dynamics and Hantavirus survival, and a number of social factors can influence probability of HPS transmission to humans. Evaluating contributions of these factors to HPS risk may enable predictions of future outbreaks, and is critical to development of effective public health strategies. Here we rely on a Bayesian model to quantify associations between annual HPS incidence across the state of São Paulo, Brazil (1993-2012 and climate variables (annual precipitation, annual mean temperature, landscape structure metrics (proportion of native habitat cover, number of forest fragments, proportion of area planted with sugarcane, and social factors (number of men older than 14 years and Human Development Index. We built separate models for the main two biomes of the state (cerrado and Atlantic forest. In both biomes Hantavirus risk increased with proportion of land cultivated for sugarcane and HDI, but proportion of forest cover, annual mean temperature, and population at risk also showed positive relationships in the Atlantic forest. Our analysis provides the first evidence that social, landscape, and climate factors are associated with HPS incidence in the Neotropics. Our risk map can be used to support the adoption of preventive measures and optimize the allocation of resources to avoid disease propagation, especially in municipalities that show medium to high HPS risk (> 5% of risk, and aimed at sugarcane workers, minimizing the risk of future HPS outbreaks.

  18. Enfermedad cardiovascular en pacientes cubanos afectados por Ataxia de Friedreich.

    OpenAIRE

    Tania Cruz Mariño; Ana Luz Portelles Caminero; William Áreas Zalazar; Luís Velázquez Pérez

    2010-01-01

    Al describir la ataxia de Friedreich, Nicholaus hizo referencia a la patología cardiaca. Esta enfermedad autosómica recesiva se debe a una mutación dinámica en el gen FRDA, codificándose deficientemente la proteína Frataxina, conduciendo a estrés oxidativo y muerte celular cardiaca. La presente investigación se desarrolló con el objetivo de describir las anomalías cardiovasculares presentes en los pacientes cubanos afectados por ataxia de Friedreich. A los individuos con diagnóstico molecular...

  19. A retrospective serologic survey of hantavirus infections in the county of Cássia dos Coqueiros, State of São Paulo, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Soraya Jabur Badra

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available INTRODUCTION: In recent years, hantavirus infections producing severe diseases have obtained an increased attention from public health authorities from the countries of Eurasia to the Americas. Brazil has reported 1,300 cases of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS from 1993 to 2010, with about 80 of them occurring in the northeast of the State of São Paulo, with 48% fatality rate. Araraquara virus was the causative agent of HCPS in the region. Considering that hantaviruses causing human disease in the Americas were unknown until 1993, we have looked for hantavirus infections in the population of Cássia dos Coqueiros county, northeast of the State of São Paulo, Brazil, before this time. This county has about 2,800 inhabitants and an economy based on agriculture, including cultivation of Brachiaria decumbens grass. The grass seeds are an important rodent attraction, facilitating transmission of hantavirus to man. Four HCPS cases were reported so far in the county. METHODS: In this study, 1,876 sera collected from 1987 to 1990 were tested for IgG to hantavirus by IgG-ELISA, using the N recombinant protein of Araraquara virus as antigen. RESULTS: Positive results were observed in 89 (4.7% samples, which were all collected in 1987. The positivity among urban inhabitants was 5.3%, compared with 4.3% among those living in rural areas. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that hantavirus infections occurred in Cássia dos Coqueiros, completely unrecognized, even before hantaviruses were described in the Americas.

  20. Epidemiology and laboratory diagnosis of Hantavirus (HTV) infections.

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    J.P.G. Clement; P. McKenna; J. Groen (Jan); A.D.M.E. Osterhaus (Albert); P. Colson; T. Vervoort; G. van der Groen (Guido); H.W. Lee

    1995-01-01

    textabstractHantavirus (HTV) is recently discovered "hemorrhagic fever virus" belonging to the Bunyaviridae family, which is spread throughout the world by wild rodents and/or laboratory rats. During an epidemic in the Belgian-French Ardennes in 1993, more than 200 acute cases were recorded of the

  1. [Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (Rio Mamore virus) in the Peruvian Amazon region].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Casapía, Martín; Mamani, Enrique; García, María P; Miraval, María L; Valencia, Pedro; Quino, Alberto H; Alvarez, Carlos; Donaires, Luis F

    2012-01-01

    Hantavirus infection is a viral zoonotic infection borne by rodents which most letal form clinical is the Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (SPH, Spanish abbreviation). The Mamore River variant originates in South America and was found in rodents without any association to human diseases. Two cases of SPH were identified in the Peruvian Amazon region in November 2011. In both cases, a molecular diagnostic testing was conducted by the Instituto Nacional de Salud from Peru. A phylogenetic analysis of a viral genome fragment and a histopathological evaluation were conducted. Both patients developed adult respiratory distress syndrome and refractory shock. A patient died and another one recovered 12 days later.

  2. Rodent Species Distribution and Hantavirus Seroprevalence in Residential and Forested areas of Sarawak, Malaysia.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hamdan, Nur Elfieyra Syazana; Ng, Yee Ling; Lee, Wei Bin; Tan, Cheng Siang; Khan, Faisal Ali Anwarali; Chong, Yee Ling

    2017-01-01

    Rodents belong to the order Rodentia, which consists of three families in Borneo (i.e., Muridae, Sciuridae and Hystricidae). These include rats, mice, squirrels, and porcupines. They are widespread throughout the world and considered pests that harm humans and livestock. Some rodent species are natural reservoirs of hantaviruses (Family: Bunyaviridae) that can cause zoonotic diseases in humans. Although hantavirus seropositive human sera were reported in Peninsular Malaysia in the early 1980s, information on their infection in rodent species in Malaysia is still lacking. The rodent populations in residential and forested areas in Sarawak were sampled. A total of 108 individuals from 15 species of rodents were collected in residential ( n = 44) and forested ( n = 64) areas. The species diversity of rodents in forested areas was significantly higher (H = 2.2342) compared to rodents in residential areas (H = 0.64715) ( p Sarawak, East Malaysia. The results suggested that hantavirus was not circulating in the studied rodent populations in Sarawak, or it was otherwise at a low prevalence that is below the detection threshold. It is important to remain vigilant because of the zoonotic potential of this virus and its severe disease outcome. Further studies, such as molecular detection of viral genetic materials, are needed to fully assess the risk of hantavirus infection in rodents and humans in this region of Malaysia.

  3. Mechanistic Insight into Bunyavirus-Induced Membrane Fusion from Structure-Function Analyses of the Hantavirus Envelope Glycoprotein Gc.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pablo Guardado-Calvo

    2016-10-01

    Full Text Available Hantaviruses are zoonotic viruses transmitted to humans by persistently infected rodents, giving rise to serious outbreaks of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS or of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS, depending on the virus, which are associated with high case fatality rates. There is only limited knowledge about the organization of the viral particles and in particular, about the hantavirus membrane fusion glycoprotein Gc, the function of which is essential for virus entry. We describe here the X-ray structures of Gc from Hantaan virus, the type species hantavirus and responsible for HFRS, both in its neutral pH, monomeric pre-fusion conformation, and in its acidic pH, trimeric post-fusion form. The structures confirm the prediction that Gc is a class II fusion protein, containing the characteristic β-sheet rich domains termed I, II and III as initially identified in the fusion proteins of arboviruses such as alpha- and flaviviruses. The structures also show a number of features of Gc that are distinct from arbovirus class II proteins. In particular, hantavirus Gc inserts residues from three different loops into the target membrane to drive fusion, as confirmed functionally by structure-guided mutagenesis on the HPS-inducing Andes virus, instead of having a single "fusion loop". We further show that the membrane interacting region of Gc becomes structured only at acidic pH via a set of polar and electrostatic interactions. Furthermore, the structure reveals that hantavirus Gc has an additional N-terminal "tail" that is crucial in stabilizing the post-fusion trimer, accompanying the swapping of domain III in the quaternary arrangement of the trimer as compared to the standard class II fusion proteins. The mechanistic understandings derived from these data are likely to provide a unique handle for devising treatments against these human pathogens.

  4. Knowledge and practices about hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in a cluster of Japanese communities in Argentina Conocimientos y prácticas relacionados con el síndrome pulmonar por hantavirus en un conglomerado de comunidades japonesas en Argentina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kuniaki Suzuki

    2009-02-01

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVES: To provide information on hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS knowledge and practices among a cluster of the rural Japanese communities near La Plata in central Ar gentina, an area with confirmed HPS cases. Particular emphasis was placed on testing the hy pothesis that there would be differences between household use of HPS prevention measures based on the head-of-household's knowledge of HPS. METHODS: A questionnaire was designed in three sections: (1 household demographic char acteristics, (2 HPS knowledge, and (3 HPS preventive measures. Questionnaires were given to the household head or other adult representing the household at an HPS prevention semi nar sponsored by the Japanese Association of La Plata in February 2007. Total HPS knowl edge scores were dichotomized into high (equal to or more than the median knowledge score and low (less than the median. Differences between the two household groups were catego rized, according to the degree of HPS knowledge, and analyzed. RESULTS: The 86 households that responded accounted for about 72% of the total study households in the area. The median knowledge score of 5 (range: 0-9, of 10 divided the study households into two groups: high knowledge score group (n = 40 and low knowledge score group (n = 46. The findings suggest an association between a household's accurate HPS knowledge and its respective use of HPS preventive measures. CONCLUSION: The findings of the study have important implications for taking further steps toward improved HPS management and prevention strategies.OBJETIVOS: Documentar los conocimientos y las prácticas relacionadas con el síndrome pulmonar por hantavirus (SPH en un conglomerado de comunidades rurales japonesas cerca de La Plata, en la parte central de Argentina, una zona con casos confirmados de SPH. Se hizo hincapié especial en probar la hipótesis de que habría diferencias en el empleo de medidas preventivas contra el SPH en los hogares según el

  5. Old World hantaviruses in rodents in New Orleans, Louisiana.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cross, Robert W; Waffa, Bradley; Freeman, Ashley; Riegel, Claudia; Moses, Lina M; Bennett, Andrew; Safronetz, David; Fischer, Elizabeth R; Feldmann, Heinz; Voss, Thomas G; Bausch, Daniel G

    2014-05-01

    Seoul virus, an Old World hantavirus, is maintained in brown rats and causes a mild form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in humans. We captured rodents in New Orleans, Louisiana and tested them for the presence of Old World hantaviruses by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with sequencing, cell culture, and electron microscopy; 6 (3.4%) of 178 rodents captured--all brown rats--were positive for a Seoul virus variant previously coined Tchoupitoulas virus, which was noted in rodents in New Orleans in the 1980s. The finding of Tchoupitoulas virus in New Orleans over 25 years since its first discovery suggests stable endemicity in the city. Although the degree to which this virus causes human infection and disease remains unknown, repeated demonstration of Seoul virus in rodent populations, recent cases of laboratory-confirmed HFRS in some US cities, and a possible link with hypertensive renal disease warrant additional investigation in both rodents and humans.

  6. Phylogenetic analysis of Puumala virus strains from Central Europe highlights the need for a full-genome perspective on hantavirus evolution.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Szabó, Róbert; Radosa, Lukáš; Ličková, Martina; Sláviková, Monika; Heroldová, Marta; Stanko, Michal; Pejčoch, Milan; Osterberg, Anja; Laenen, Lies; Schex, Susanne; Ulrich, Rainer G; Essbauer, Sandra; Maes, Piet; Klempa, Boris

    2017-12-01

    Puumala virus (PUUV), carried by bank voles (Myodes glareolus), is the medically most important hantavirus in Central and Western Europe. In this study, a total of 523 bank voles (408 from Germany, 72 from Slovakia, and 43 from Czech Republic) collected between the years 2007-2012 were analyzed for the presence of hantavirus RNA. Partial PUUV genome segment sequences were obtained from 51 voles. Phylogenetic analyses of all three genome segments showed that the newfound strains cluster with other Central and Western European PUUV strains. The new sequences from Šumava (Bohemian Forest), Czech Republic, are most closely related to the strains from the neighboring Bavarian Forest, a known hantavirus disease outbreak region. Interestingly, the Slovak strains clustered with the sequences from Bohemian and Bavarian Forests only in the M but not S segment analyses. This well-supported topological incongruence suggests a segment reassortment event or, as we analyzed only partial sequences, homologous recombination. Our data highlight the necessity of sequencing all three hantavirus genome segments and of a broader bank vole screening not only in recognized endemic foci but also in regions with no reported human hantavirus disease cases.

  7. Epidemiology of Hantavirus Infections in the United States

    Science.gov (United States)

    1991-06-08

    Hantaviruses (Family Bunyaviridae) are the etiological agents responsible for a spectrum of illnesses referred to collectively as hemorrhagic fever with...seropositives without chronic disease, one was admitted for severe preeclampsia , one for a psychiatric disorder, and three for complications from their...there was a marked difference between seropositives and seronegatives in the presumed etiology of renal disease (Table 7, Appendix 2). Seropositives had

  8. Rickettsia bellii, Rickettsia amblyommii, and Laguna Negra hantavirus in an Indian reserve in the Brazilian Amazon

    OpenAIRE

    de Barros Lopes, Lívia; Guterres, Alexandro; Rozental, Tatiana; Carvalho de Oliveira, Renata; Mares-Guia, Maria Angélica; Fernandes, Jorlan; Figueredo, José Ferreira; Anschau, Inês; de Jesus, Sebastião; V Almeida, Ana Beatriz M; Cristina da Silva, Valéria; Gomes de Melo Via, Alba Valéria; Bonvicino, Cibele Rodrigues; D’Andrea, Paulo Sérgio; Barreira, Jairo Dias

    2014-01-01

    Background The purpose of this study was to identify the presence of rickettsia and hantavirus in wild rodents and arthropods in response to an outbreak of acute unidentified febrile illness among Indians in the Halataikwa Indian Reserve, northwest of the Mato Grosso state, in the Brazilian Amazon. Where previously surveillance data showed serologic evidence of rickettsia and hantavirus human infection. Methods The arthropods were collected from the healthy Indian population and by flagging v...

  9. Genetic analysis of Thailand hantavirus in Bandicota indica trapped in Thailand

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hugot Jean-Pierre

    2006-09-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Sixty one tissue samples from several rodent species trapped in five provinces of Thailand were examined for the presence of hantaviral markers by enzyme-immunoassay and immunoblotting. Four samples, all from the great bandicoot rat Bandicota indica, were confirmed positive for the hantaviral N-antigen. Two of them were trapped in Nakhon Pathom province, the other two in Nakhon Ratchasima province, approximately 250 km from the other trapping site. When analysed by RT-nested PCR, all four rodents were found positive for the hantaviral S- and M-segment nucleotide sequences. Genetic analysis revealed that the four newly described wild-type strains belong to Thailand hantavirus. On the phylogenetic trees they formed a well-supported cluster within the group of Murinae-associated hantaviruses and shared a recent common ancestor with Seoul virus.

  10. Gene S characterization of Hantavirus species Seoul virus isolated from Rattus norvegicuson an Indonesian island

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dian Perwitasari

    2014-08-01

    Full Text Available AbstrakLatar belakang: Hantavirus hidup dan berkembang biak di tubuh hewan pengerat, salah satunya Rattus norvegicus yang banyak ditemukan di daerah kepulauan di Indonesia. Hantavirus spesies Seoul virus (SEOV adalah virus RNA negatif rantai tunggal yang termasuk dalam keluarga Bunyaviridae, mempunyai beberapa gen spesifik terutama gen S yang dapat dikembangkan untuk uji diagnostik. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui karakter dari gen S dari Hantavirus spesies Seoulvirus.Metode:Pada penelitian ini dilakukan sekuensing gen S yang berasal dari jaringan paru-paru rodensia.  Fragmen DNA yang disekuensing menggunakan primer DNA SEOS-28F danSEOS -360R,VNS-1501F dan VNS-CSR. Hasil sekuensing dianalisis menggunakan program seqscapedan dianalisis menggunakan program Bioedit dan Mega5. Analisis filogenetik untuk homologi nukleotida dan asam amino dari ketiga strain Kepulauan Seribu tersebut dibandingkan dengan spesies hantavirus lainnya yang diambil dari genebank. Hasil:Analisis Homologi nukleotida dan asam amino antara strain Kepulauan Seribu dengan SEOV menunjukkan homologi nukleotida tertinggi pada strain KS74 (88,4% dan terendah pada KS90 (87,2%, sedangkan homologi asam amino tertinggi adalah strain KS74 (91.3% dan terendah pada strain KS90 (89,5%. Kesimpulan:Karakter gen S virus yang ditemukan di Kepulauan Seribu sebanding dengan virus SEOV yang ditemukan di Singapura dan Korea.  (Health Science Indones 2014;1:1-6Kata kunci:Seoul virus, gen S, Kepulauan Seribu, IndonesiaAbstractBackground: Hantavirus lives and reproduces in the body of rodents. Rattus norvegicuswas one found in the Kepulauan Seribu islands of Indonesia. Hantavirus species Seoul virus (SEOV is a negative single chain RNA viruses included in the family Bunyaviridae. It has a few specific genes, especially genes S that can be developed for a diagnostic test. The aim of this study was to ascertain the character of gene S of hantavirus species Seoul virus. Methods: Gene

  11. Novel hantavirus identified in European bat species Nyctalus noctula

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Straková, Petra; Dufková, L.; Širmarová, J.; Salát, J.; Bartonička, T.; Klempa, B.; Pfaff, F.; Höper, D.; Hoffmann, B.; Ulrich, R. G.; Růžek, Daniel

    2017-01-01

    Roč. 48, March (2017), s. 127-130 ISSN 1567-1348 Institutional support: RVO:68081766 ; RVO:60077344 Keywords : Hantavirus * Bat * Phylogenetic analysis * Emerging virus * Bat-borne virus Subject RIV: FN - Epidemiology, Contagious Diseases ; Clinical Immunology; EE - Microbiology, Virology (BC-A) OBOR OECD: Infectious Diseases; Virology (BC-A) Impact factor: 2.885, year: 2016

  12. Rickettsia bellii, Rickettsia amblyommii, and Laguna Negra hantavirus in an Indian reserve in the Brazilian Amazon.

    Science.gov (United States)

    de Barros Lopes, Lívia; Guterres, Alexandro; Rozental, Tatiana; Carvalho de Oliveira, Renata; Mares-Guia, Maria Angélica; Fernandes, Jorlan; Figueredo, José Ferreira; Anschau, Inês; de Jesus, Sebastião; V Almeida, Ana Beatriz M; Cristina da Silva, Valéria; Gomes de Melo Via, Alba Valéria; Bonvicino, Cibele Rodrigues; D'Andrea, Paulo Sérgio; Barreira, Jairo Dias; Sampaio de Lemos, Elba Regina

    2014-04-17

    The purpose of this study was to identify the presence of rickettsia and hantavirus in wild rodents and arthropods in response to an outbreak of acute unidentified febrile illness among Indians in the Halataikwa Indian Reserve, northwest of the Mato Grosso state, in the Brazilian Amazon. Where previously surveillance data showed serologic evidence of rickettsia and hantavirus human infection. The arthropods were collected from the healthy Indian population and by flagging vegetation in grassland or woodland along the peridomestic environment of the Indian reserve. Wild rodents were live-trapped in an area bordering the reserve limits, due the impossibility of capturing wild animals in the Indian reserve. The wild rodents were identified based on external and cranial morphology and karyotype. DNA was extracted from spleen or liver samples of rodents and from invertebrate (tick and louse) pools, and the molecular characterization of the rickettsia was through PCR and DNA sequencing of fragments of two rickettsial genes (gltA and ompA). In relation to hantavirus, rodent serum samples were serologically screened by IgG ELISA using the Araraquara-N antigen and total RNA was extracted from lung samples of IgG-positive rodents. The amplification of the complete S segment was performed. A total of 153 wild rodents, 121 louse, and 36 tick specimens were collected in 2010. Laguna Negra hantavirus was identified in Calomys callidus rodents and Rickettsia bellii, Rickettsia amblyommii were identified in Amblyomma cajennense ticks. Zoonotic diseases such as HCPS and spotted fever rickettsiosis are a public health threat and should be considered in outbreaks and acute febrile illnesses among Indian populations. The presence of the genome of rickettsias and hantavirus in animals in this Indian reserve reinforces the need to include these infectious agents in outbreak investigations of febrile cases in Indian populations.

  13. Biomarcadores inmunológicos de riesgo cardiovascular en la infección por el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana-1

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María Teresa Rugeles-López

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available La infección por el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana-1 se ha consolidado como una epidemia mundial. La masificación de la terapia antirretroviral altamente activa ha traído consigo un aumento importante en la expectativa de vida de los pacientes seropositivos, pero también serias preocupaciones por la aparición de diferentes comorbilidades; entre las cuales se destaca la enfermedad cardiovascular como la tercera causa de mortalidad no asociada al síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida en estos pacientes. Este artículo muestra una revisión actualizada de los biomarcadores de la enfermedad cardiovascular en pacientes infectados con el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana-1, e incluye los marcadores inmunológicos que han sido identificados más recientemente. Ante la ausencia de una estrategia para estimar el riesgo de eventos cardiovasculares validada en esta población, se discute el potencial clínico y la investigación que poseen dichos biomarcadores.

  14. Using Geographic Information System-based Ecologic Niche Models to Forecast the Risk of Hantavirus Infection in Shandong Province, China

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wei, Lan; Qian, Quan; Wang, Zhi-Qiang; Glass, Gregory E.; Song, Shao-Xia; Zhang, Wen-Yi; Li, Xiu-Jun; Yang, Hong; Wang, Xian-Jun; Fang, Li-Qun; Cao, Wu-Chun

    2011-01-01

    Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is an important public health problem in Shandong Province, China. In this study, we combined ecologic niche modeling with geographic information systems (GIS) and remote sensing techniques to identify the risk factors and affected areas of hantavirus infections in rodent hosts. Land cover and elevation were found to be closely associated with the presence of hantavirus-infected rodent hosts. The averaged area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.864, implying good performance. The predicted risk maps based on the model were validated both by the hantavirus-infected rodents' distribution and HFRS human case localities with a good fit. These findings have the applications for targeting control and prevention efforts. PMID:21363991

  15. Hantaviruses: an emerging public health threat in India? A review

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    PRAKASH KUMAR

    is to increase awareness of these emerging pathogens and the threats they pose to the public health system. [Chandy S, Abraham P and ..... distribution of the hosts through international shipping routes. The majority of SEOV-related .... Dalrymple J M 1994 Serological relationships among viruses in the Hantavirus genus, ...

  16. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in Tucumán province associated to an unexpected viral genotype

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Matías Ciancaglini

    2017-04-01

    Full Text Available We describe the characterization of the viral genotype involved in the first case of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome reported in Tucumán, a Northwestern province of Argentina. A 23-year-old woman, with no record of travel history and previously diagnosed with an antiphospholipid syndrome, died after 11 days of severe cardiopulmonary insufficiency. Among the four endemic regions of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in Argentina, the Northwest Region has the highest incidence, exceeding 50% of all reported cases in the country. Until now, only Salta and Jujuy (2 out of the 6 provinces composing the Northwest Region, reported cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, all of which occurred in the Yungas Forest area. Remarkably, the viral genotype characterized in this case showed higher nucleotide identity with the Andes-BsAs genotype most prevalent in Buenos Aires province, located 1400 km apart from Tucumán, than with any of the commonly found genotypes in the Northwest Region. The Andes-BsAs genotype has been associated with 30% lethality and interhuman transmission in Buenos Aires province. Interhuman transmission cannot be ruled out in the present case

  17. Febres hemorrágicas por vírus no Brasil Viral hemorrhagic fevers in Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luiz Tadeu Moraes Figueiredo

    2006-04-01

    Full Text Available Chamando a atenção para as febres hemorrágicas por vírus, que em sua maioria tem escassa informação divulgada e provavelmente são subnotificadas, mostra-se neste artigo casos clínicos das 4 doenças deste tipo que ocorrem no Brasil: febre amarela, dengue hemorrágico/síndrome de choque do dengue, febre hemorrágica por arenavírus e síndrome pulmonar e cardiovascular por hantavírus. Também, relevantes aspectos clínicos, laboratoriais e epidemiológicos destas viroses são aqui abordados. São doenças que têm alta letalidade e induzem extravasamento capilar e coagulopatia, que podem ser evidenciados pela elevação do hematócrito e plaquetopenia. A suspeita clínica e o tratamento precoce são fundamentais à sobrevida dos pacientes.To call atention to viral hemorrhagic fevers, diseases that are mostly underdivulged and, probably, undereported, we present here case reports of the 4 diseases of this kind that occur in Brazil: yellow fever, dengue haemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome, arenavirus haemorrhagic fever and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome. Relevant clinical, epidemiological and laboratorial diagnostic aspects of these viral haemorrhagic fevers are also shown here. These diseases have a high case fatality rate, induce capillary leaking and blood coagulation disturbances that are evidenced by hemoconcentrantion and thrombocytopenia. An early clinical diagnosis and treatment is fundamental for patient survival.

  18. Serological Evidence of Hantavirus Infection in Apparently Healthy People from Rural and Slum Communities in Southern Chile

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Claudia Muñoz-Zanzi

    2015-04-01

    Full Text Available Hantavirus disease in America has been recognizable because of its rapid progression in clinical cases, occurrence in previously healthy young adults, and high case fatality rate. Hantavirus disease has been proposed now to define the diversity of clinical manifestations. Since 1995, a total of 902 cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome have been reported in Chile, caused by Andes virus (ANDV, with overall fatality of 32%. This report describes the sero-epidemiology of hantavirus in apparently healthy people in rural and urban slum communities from southern Chile. Ten of 934 samples yielded a positive result resulting in a seroprevalence of 1.07% (95% confidence intervals: 0.05%–2.0%. A higher proportion of positive samples was found among individuals from rural villages (1.3% and slums (1.5% compared with farms (0.5%. Seropositivity was associated with age (p = 0.011, low education level (p = 0.006 and occupations linked to the household (homemaker, retired, or student (p = 0.016. No evidence of infection was found in 38 sigmodontinae rodents trapped in the peri-domestic environment. Our findings highlight that exposure risk was associated with less documented risk factors, such as women in slum and rural villages, and the occurrence of infection that may have presented as flu-like illness that did not require medical attention or was misdiagnosed.

  19. More Novel Hantaviruses and Diversifying Reservoir Hosts — Time for Development of Reservoir-Derived Cell Culture Models?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Isabella Eckerle

    2014-02-01

    Full Text Available Due to novel, improved and high-throughput detection methods, there is a plethora of newly identified viruses within the genus Hantavirus. Furthermore, reservoir host species are increasingly recognized besides representatives of the order Rodentia, now including members of the mammalian orders Soricomorpha/Eulipotyphla and Chiroptera. Despite the great interest created by emerging zoonotic viruses, there is still a gross lack of in vitro models, which reflect the exclusive host adaptation of most zoonotic viruses. The usually narrow host range and genetic diversity of hantaviruses make them an exciting candidate for studying virus-host interactions on a cellular level. To do so, well-characterized reservoir cell lines covering a wide range of bat, insectivore and rodent species are essential. Most currently available cell culture models display a heterologous virus-host relationship and are therefore only of limited value. Here, we review the recently established approaches to generate reservoir-derived cell culture models for the in vitro study of virus-host interactions. These successfully used model systems almost exclusively originate from bats and bat-borne viruses other than hantaviruses. Therefore we propose a parallel approach for research on rodent- and insectivore-borne hantaviruses, taking the generation of novel rodent and insectivore cell lines from wildlife species into account. These cell lines would be also valuable for studies on further rodent-borne viruses, such as orthopox- and arenaviruses.

  20. Tula and Puumala hantavirus NSs ORFs are functional and the products inhibit activation of the interferon-beta promoter.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jääskeläinen, Kirsi M; Kaukinen, Pasi; Minskaya, Ekaterina S; Plyusnina, Angelina; Vapalahti, Olli; Elliott, Richard M; Weber, Friedemann; Vaheri, Antti; Plyusnin, Alexander

    2007-10-01

    The S RNA genome segment of hantaviruses carried by Arvicolinae and Sigmodontinae rodents encodes the nucleocapsid (N) protein and has an overlapping (+1) open reading frame (ORF) for a putative nonstructural protein (NSs). The aim of this study was to determine whether the ORF is functional. A protein corresponding to the predicted size of Tula virus (TULV) NSs was detected using coupled in vitro transcription and translation from a cloned S segment cDNA, and a protein corresponding to the predicted size of Puumala virus (PUUV) NSs was detected in infected cells by Western blotting with an anti-peptide serum. The activities of the interferon beta (IFN-beta) promoter, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB)- and interferon regulatory factor-3 (IRF-3) responsive promoters, were inhibited in COS-7 cells transiently expressing TULV or PUUV NSs. Also IFN-beta mRNA levels in IFN-competent MRC5 cells either infected with TULV or transiently expressing NSs were decreased. These data demonstrate that Tula and Puumala hantaviruses have a functional NSs ORF. The findings may explain why the NSs ORF has been preserved in the genome of most hantaviruses during their long evolution and why hantavirus-infected cells secrete relatively low levels of IFNs. (c) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

  1. Análisis espacial de la mortalidad por enfermedades cardiovasculares en la ciudad de Madrid, España

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Diana Gómez-Barroso

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Fundamentos: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares son la principal causa de muerte en el mundo, aunque su distribución espacial no es homogénea. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar el patrón espacial de la mortalidad por enfermedades cardiovasculares en el área urbana poblada (AUP del municipio de Madrid así como identificar agregaciones espaciales. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio ecológico, por sección censal, para hombres y mujeres durante 2010. Se calculó la Razón de Mortalidad Estandarizada (RME, Riesgo Relativo Suavizado (RRS y Probabilidad Posterior (PP de que el RRS fuera mayor que 1. Para identificar clusters espaciales se utilizó el índice de Moran (I Moran y el Índice Local de Autocorrelación Espacial (LISA. Los resultados fueron representados cartográficamente. Resultados: En el caso de los hombres se observó una RME mayor de 1,1 especialmente en áreas centrales y en en el grupo de las mujeres ocurrió en la periferia. LA PP de que el RRS fuera mayor que 1 superó el 0,8 en el centro para los hombres y en la periferia en mujeres. El I Moran fue de 0,04 para hombres y de 0,03 para mujeres (p <0,05 en ambos casos. Conclusiones: En el patrón espacial de la mortalidad por enfermedades cardiovasculares en Madrid, se observaron diferencias por sexo. Los mapas de RME, RRS y PP mostraron un patrón más heterogéneo en los hombres mientras que en las mujeres se detectó uno más definido, con un riesgo relativamente mayor en zonas periféricas del AUP. El método LISA mostró agrupaciones espaciales similares a los patrones anteriormente observados.

  2. Muleshoe Virus and Other Hantaviruses Associated with Neotomine or Sigmodontine Rodents in Texas.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Milazzo, Mary Louise; Cajimat, Maria N B; Richter, Martin H; Bradley, Robert D; Fulhorst, Charles F

    2017-10-01

    The broad objective of this study was to increase our knowledge of Muleshoe virus and other hantaviruses associated with cricetid rodents in Texas. Anti-hantavirus antibody was found in 38 (3.2%) of 1171 neotomine rodents and 6 (1.8%) of 332 sigmodontine rodents from 10 Texas counties; hantaviral RNA was detected in 23 (71.9%) of 32 antibody-positive rodents. Analyses of nucleocapsid protein gene sequences indicated Muleshoe virus infection in four hispid cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus) from northern Texas; Bayou virus, three Texas marsh oryzomys (Oryzomys texensis) from the Gulf Coast; Limestone Canyon virus, five brush mice (Peromyscus boylii) from western Texas; and Sin Nombre virus-five Texas mice (P. attwateri), one Lacey's white-ankled deer mouse (P. laceianus), four white-footed mice (P. leucopus), and one fulvous harvest mouse (Reithrodontomys fulvescens) from northern, central, or southern Texas. The results of this study together with the results of a previous study revealed that Muleshoe virus, perhaps in association with S. hispidus, is distributed across northern Texas. Finally, the results of Bayesian analyses of glycoprotein precursor (GPC) gene sequences and pairwise comparisons of complete GPC (amino acid) sequences strengthened support for the notion that Muleshoe virus is distinct from Black Creek Canal virus, Bayou virus, and all other species included in the Bunyaviridae, genus Hantavirus.

  3. A case-control study after a hantavirus infection outbreak in the south of Belgium: who is at risk?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Van Loock, F; Thomas, I; Clement, J; Ghoos, S; Colson, P

    1999-04-01

    Puumala is the most common hantavirus serotype in Europe and is spread mainly by the red bank vole. Between 1 July 1992 and 31 January 1994, an outbreak of Puumala virus-induced nephropathia epidemica (NE) occurred in the Belgian Ardennes. Serologically confirmed cases (n = 41) were compared with two groups of asymptomatic seronegative controls. Risks identified included sighting of living rodents, exposure to rodent droppings, and trapping rodents during the 4 weeks preceding onset of symptoms. Activities during this 4-week period that presented the greatest risk were woodcutting, reopening of a nonaerated room, and strenuous physical effort. This is the first case-control study on risk factors for NE in Europe. In comparison with the American form of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, which is spread by deer mice, professional activity appears to be a more important risk factor for acquisition of hantavirus in Europe.

  4. Clinical characterization of two severe cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS caused by hantaviruses Puumala and Dobrava-Belgrade genotype Sochi

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ellen Krautkrämer

    2016-11-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Hantavirus disease belongs to the emerging infections. The clinical picture and severity of infections differ between hantavirus species and may even vary between hantavirus genotypes. The mechanisms that lead to the broad variance of severity in infected patients are not completely understood. Host- and virus-specific factors are considered. Case presentation We analyzed severe cases of hantavirus disease in two young women. The first case was caused by Puumala virus (PUUV infection in Germany; the second case describes the infection with Dobrava-Belgrade virus (DOBV in Russia. Symptoms, laboratory parameters and cytokine levels were analyzed and compared between the two patients. Serological and sequence analysis revealed that PUUV was the infecting agent for the German patient and the infection of the Russian patient was caused by Dobrava-Belgrade virus genotype Sochi (DOBV-Sochi. The symptoms in the initial phase of the diseases did not differ noticeably between both patients. However, deterioration of laboratory parameter values was prolonged and stronger in DOBV-Sochi than in PUUV infection. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (cEPCs, known to be responsible for endothelial repair, were mobilized in both infections. Striking differences were observed in the temporal course and level of cytokine upregulation. Levels of angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF, and stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1α were increased in both infections; but, sustained and more pronounced elevation was observed in DOBV-Sochi infection. Conclusions Severe hantavirus disease caused by different hantavirus species did not differ in the general symptoms and clinical characteristics. However, we observed a prolonged clinical course and a late and enhanced mobilization of cytokines in DOBV-Sochi infection. The differences in cytokine deregulation may contribute to the observed variation in the clinical course.

  5. KARAKTERISTIK LINGKUNGAN DAN ASPEK SOSIAL DEMOGRAFI DALAM KAITANNYA DENGAN PENYAKIT INFEKSI HANTAVIRUS DI WILAYAH PELABUHAN TANJUNG PRIOK DAN SUNDA KELAPA, JAKARTA UTARA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kasnodihardjo Kasnodihardjo

    2012-11-01

    Full Text Available Epidemiological study on hantavirus infection diseases in the area of Tanjung Priok and Sunda Kelapa Harbours has been conducted in the year of 1997; Considering a harbour may become a very potential port d'antre of diseases between islands, regions and countries. Hantavirus infection is well known as haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS, cause by some species of genus Hantavirus and transmitted to human by air droplet contaminated by urine, saliva or faeces of infected rodents. This is toreport a part of the study which is stress on sociocultural aspects, especially character of demography and community perceptions to hantavirus infection diseases. The data were collected by interviewing using questionaires and field observations. Sample population were household (HH while family members above 13 year of age including head of HH (Kepala Rumah Tangga were chosen as individual respondents and become analitical units. In total the number of samples were 113 HH, consisting 58 HH in Kelurahan Koja and 55 HH in Kelurahan Ancol. The number of individual respondents were 410 people. The results showed that most of respondents work as a labor in the harbours. In general they have low level formal education, mostly only elementary school graduated. The relatively low of their formal education they have might influence their wrong perceptions to any disease. The wrong community perceptions in the two areas mistaken hantavirus infection diseases with typhoid diseases.

  6. High Prevalence of Tula Hantavirus in Common Voles in The Netherlands.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Maas, Miriam; de Vries, Ankje; van Roon, Annika; Takumi, Katsuhisa; van der Giessen, Joke; Rockx, Barry

    2017-03-01

    Tula virus (TULV) is a zoonotic hantavirus. Knowledge about TULV in the Netherlands is very scarce. Therefore in 2014, 49 common voles (Microtus arvalis) from a region in the south of the Netherlands, and in 2015, 241 common voles from regions in the north of the Netherlands were tested with the TULV quantitative RT-PCR. In the southern region, prevalence of TULV was 41% (20/49). In the northern regions, prevalence ranged from 12% (4/34) to 45% (17/38). Phylogenetic analysis of the obtained sequences showed that the regions fall within different clusters. Voles from the south were also tested on-site for the presence of hantavirus antibodies, but serology results were poorly associated with qRT-PCR results. These findings suggest that TULV may be more widespread than previously thought. No human TULV cases have been reported thus far in the Netherlands, but differentiation between infection by TULV or the closely related Puumala virus is not made in humans in the Netherlands, thus cases may be misdiagnosed.

  7. Condiciones para la transmision del hantavirus en zona andina de Río negro, Argentina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gabriel Talmon

    2014-10-01

    Full Text Available El Síndrome Pulmonar por Hantavirus (SPH es una enfermedad de etiología viral que causa en el hombre un cuadro respiratorio grave. En Patagonia, la enfermedad es causada por el virus Andes Sur (AND, transmitido por el roedor Oligoryzomys longicaudatus. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue identificar las actividades del hombre que favorecen su exposición a roedores, denominados escenarios de contagio. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo a partir de información recolectada en investigaciones de casos ocurridos en Río Negro, mediante Fichas Clínico-Epidemiológicas e informes de evaluación ecológico/ambiental. Se definieron como variables a ser consideradas: edad, sexo, época del año, grado de urbanización, localización geográfica, integración del hombre al hábitat de roedores, fuente probable de exposición, actividad humana y nivel de saneamiento. Se estudiaron 32 casos. La exposición rural se verificó en 18 (56.2% de los casos y 10 (31.3% en paraje rural (grupo de viviendas en zona rural. En relación al ambiente antropogénico 24 (75% resultaron en ambientes modificados por el hombre y 8 (25% en áreas poco modificadas. El sitio de exposición de mayor importancia en El Bolsón fue el interior de edificaciones en 8 de los 18 casos allí registrados (44.5%, mientras que en Bariloche fueron ambientes de exterior con 8/14 (57.1% casos. La actividad de riesgo fue laboral en 23 (71.9% de los casos y recreacional en 7 (28.1%. Determinar los escenarios de contagio a nivel local ha aportado información para aplicar todos los recursos disponibles en materia de prevención y educación sanitaria.

  8. Drotrecogin alpha (activated) in two patients with the hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome

    OpenAIRE

    McDermid, Robert C; Gibney, RT Noel; Brisebois, Ronald J; Skjodt, Neil M

    2006-01-01

    Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) is associated with rapid cardiopulmonary collapse from endothelial injury, resulting in massive capillary leak, shock and severe hypoxemic respiratory failure. To date, treatment remains supportive and includes mechanical ventilation, vasopressors and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, with mortality approaching 50%. Two HCPS survivors initially given drotrecogin alpha (activated) (DAA) for presumed bacterial septic shock are described. Vasoactive ...

  9. Detection of shrew-borne hantavirus in Eurasian pygmy shrew (Sorex minutus) in Central Europe

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Radosa, L.; Schlegel, M.; Gebauer, P.; Ansorge, H.; Heroldová, Marta; Jánová, Eva; Stanko, M.; Mošanský, L.; Fričová, J.; Pejčoch, M.; Suchomel, J.; Purchart, L.; Groschup, M. H.; Krüger, D. H.; Ulrich, R. G.; Klempa, B.

    2013-01-01

    Roč. 19, October (2013), s. 403-410 ISSN 1567-1348 Institutional support: RVO:68081766 Keywords : Hantavirus * shrew Sorex minutus * Asikkala virus * Cental Europe Subject RIV: GJ - Animal Vermins ; Diseases, Veterinary Medicine Impact factor: 3.264, year: 2013

  10. Puumala hantavirus infection in humans and in the reservoir host, Ardennes region, France.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sauvage, F; Penalba, C; Vuillaume, P; Boue, F; Coudrier, D; Pontier, D; Artois, M

    2002-12-01

    We compared the occurrence of nephropathia epidemica cases, over a multi-annual population cycle, in northeastern France with the hantavirus serology for bank voles captured in the same area. We discuss hypotheses to explain the pattern of infection in both humans and rodents and their synchrony.

  11. Climate Variability and the Occurrence of Human Puumala Hantavirus Infections in Europe: A Systematic Review.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Roda Gracia, J; Schumann, B; Seidler, A

    2015-09-01

    Hantaviruses are distributed worldwide and are transmitted by rodents. In Europe, the infection usually manifests as a mild form of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) known as nephropathia epidemica (NE), which is triggered by the virus species Puumala. Its host is the bank vole (Myodes glareolus). In the context of climate change, interest in the role of climatic factors for the disease has increased. A systematic review was conducted to investigate the association between climate variability and the occurrence of human Puumala hantavirus infections in Europe. We performed a literature search in the databases MEDLINE, EMBASE and Web of Science. Studies that investigated Puumala virus infection and climatic factors in any European country with a minimum collection period of 2 years were included. The selection of abstracts and the evaluation of included studies were performed by two independent reviewers. A total of 434 titles were identified in the databases, of which nine studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The majority of studies were conducted in central Europe (Belgium, France and Germany), while only two came from the north (Sweden) and one from the south (Bosnia). Strong evidence was found for a positive association between temperature and NE incidence in central Europe, while the evidence for northern Europe so far appears insufficient. Results regarding precipitation were contradictory. Overall, the complex relationships between climate and hantavirus infections need further exploration to identify specific health risks and initiate appropriate intervention measures in the context of climate change. © 2014 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.

  12. Estudio metabólico y cardiovascular en una cohorte de pacientes infectados por el VIH-1: predisposición genética, aterosclerosis subclínica y eventos coronarios

    OpenAIRE

    Echeverría Bermúdez, Joan Patricia

    2015-01-01

    La incidencia de la enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV) se ha incrementado en los pacientes infectados por el VIH. La replicación del VIH y la terapia antirretroviral pueden contribuir de forma independiente al aumento del riesgo de ECV. Sin embargo, la causa de este aumento del riesgo es multifactorial. Métodos: Esta tesis se centra en el estudio de los trastornos metabólicos y cardiovasculares en una cohorte de pacientes infectados por el VIH. Para ello, se llevaron a cabo tres estudios: Un pri...

  13. Mortalidad por enfermedades cardiovasculares y su impacto económico en Colombia, 2000-2010

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    Leidy Cortés Fuentes

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Establecer el impacto económico de la mortalidad asociada con las enfermedades cardiovasculares en Colombia durante el periodo 2000-2010. Materiales y métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio ecológico mixto. Se utilizaron las proyecciones de población y los registros de defunciones no fetales de Colombia publicados oficialmente por el Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadísticas (DANE. De los registros oficiales se extrajo el valor del salario mínimo mensual legal vigente (SMMLV en pesos para determinar el monto de ingresos o consumos mínimos anuales, los cuales fueron convertidos a dólares e indexados al año 2010. Luego se multiplicó el total de APVP de cada periodo anual por el ingreso mínimo obtenido con anterioridad. Se efectúo la sumatoria de los flujos anuales en dólares para determinar el valor total del costo de los años de vida perdidos en el periodo de estudio, y dicho costo se contrastó con el producto interno bruto (PIB nacional a precios constantes de 2010 convertidos en dólares. La información se analizó en los programas Excel y EPIDAT. Resultados: En Colombia se perdió cerca de 2 785 529 años potenciales de vida, que equivalen a USD 7 mil millones, lo cual representó el 4 % aproximadamente del PIB obtenido durante el mismo periodo. Conclusiones: Los Años Perdidos de Vida Potencial relacionados con las muertes cuyas causales fueron las enfermedades cardiovasculares decrecieron y representaron solo el 7 % dentro del total de años perdidos asociados a todas las causas de defunciones no fetales.

  14. Hantavirus Public Health outreach effectiveness in three populations: an overview of northwestern New Mexico, Los Santos Panama, and Region IX Chile.

    Science.gov (United States)

    McConnell, Marjorie S

    2014-02-27

    This research compared the effectiveness of Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) outreach programs in New Mexico, Panama, and Chile. Understanding the role of human demographics, disease ecology, and human behavior in the disease process is critical to the examination of community responses in terms of behavior changes. Attitudes, knowledge, and behavior across three populations were measured through the implementation of a self-administered questionnaire (N = 601). Surveys implemented in Chile and Panama in 2004, followed by northwestern New Mexico in 2008, attempted to assess knowledge and behavior change with respect to hantavirus in high- and lower-risk prevalence areas during endemic periods. While levels of concern over contracting hantavirus were lowest in New Mexico, they were highest in Panama. Respondents in Chile showed mid-level concern and exhibited a tendency to practice proper cleaning methods more than in New Mexico and Panama. This indicates that public health messages appear to be more effective in Chile. However, since negative behavior changes, such as sweeping and vacuuming, occur at some level in all three populations, improved messages should help decrease risk of exposure to HPS.

  15. Molecular evolution of Puumala hantavirus in Fennoscandia: phylogenetic analysis of strains from two recolonization routes

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Asikainen, Kari; Hänninen, Tarja; Henttonen, Heikki

    2000-01-01

    Like other members of the genus Hantavirus in the family Bunyaviridae, Puumala virus (PUUV) is thought to be co-evolving with its natural host, the bank vole Clethrionomys glareolus. To gain insight into the evolutionary history of PUUV in northern Europe during the last post-glacial period, we h...

  16. A rapid method for infectivity titration of Andes hantavirus using flow cytometry.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Barriga, Gonzalo P; Martínez-Valdebenito, Constanza; Galeno, Héctor; Ferrés, Marcela; Lozach, Pierre-Yves; Tischler, Nicole D

    2013-11-01

    The focus assay is currently the most commonly used technique for hantavirus titer determination. This method requires an incubation time of between 5 and 11 days to allow the appearance of foci after several rounds of viral infection. The following work presents a rapid Andes virus (ANDV) titration assay, based on viral nucleocapsid protein (N) detection in infected cells by flow cytometry. To this end, an anti-N monoclonal antibody was used that was developed and characterized previously. ANDV N could be detected as early as 6 h post-infection, while viral release was not observed until 24-48 h post-infection. Given that ANDV detection was performed during its first round of infection, a time reduction for titer determination was possible and provided results in only two days. The viral titer was calculated from the percentage of N positive cells and agreed with focus assay titers. Furthermore, the assay was applied to quantify the inhibition of ANDV cell entry by patient sera and by preventing endosome acidification. This novel hantavirus titration assay is a highly quantitative and sensitive tool that facilitates infectivity titration of virus stocks, rapid screening for antiviral drugs, and may be further used to detect and quantify infectious virus in human samples. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  17. Leptospira spp. in Small Mammals from Areas with Low and High Human Hantavirus Incidences in South-West Germany.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Obiegala, Anna; Albrecht, Christoph; Dafalla, Maysaa; Drewes, Stephan; Oltersdorf, Carolin; Turni, Hendrik; Imholt, Christian; Jacob, Jens; Wagner-Wiening, Christiane; Ulrich, Rainer G; Pfeffer, Martin

    2017-05-01

    Leptospirosis is caused by Leptospira spp. and is considered the most widespread zoonotic disease worldwide. It mimics nephropathia epidemica in humans, a disease mainly caused by Puumala hantavirus (PUUV). Small mammals are reservoirs for Leptospira spp. and PUUV. Seewis virus (SWSV) is a shrew-borne hantavirus with unknown pathogenicity. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence for Leptospira spp. and the frequency of Leptospira-hantavirus co-infections in small mammals collected at locations with high and low incidences in humans. In 2012 and 2013, 736 small mammals belonging to seven species (Apodemus flavicollis, Microtus agrestis, Microtus arvalis, Myodes glareolus, Sorex araneus, S. coronatus, and S. minutus) were collected at four high incidence sites (H1-H4) and four low (L1-L4) incidence sites for PUUV infection in humans. Kidney-derived DNA samples were tested for Leptospira spp. by real-time PCR targeting the lipl 32 gene and further analyzed by duplex PCR targeting the flaB and the secY genes. For the detection of Seewis virus, lung-derived DNA was tested via RT-PCR targeting the nucleocapsid gene. Altogether, 42 of the 736 small mammals including 27 of 660 bank voles and 11 of 66 shrews, were positive for Leptospira spp., while Sorex spp. (14.7%) showed significantly higher prevalences compared to bank voles (4.1%). Detected Leptospira spp. were pathogenic species other than L. kirschneri. Significantly more Leptospira-positive bank voles were found at H sites than at L sites. Altogether 22.2% of positive bank voles were infected with PUUV. Double infection of PUUV and Leptospira spp. occurrence in bank voles is 1.86 times (OR = 1.86; 95% CI: 0.72-4.73) more likely than infections with each pathogen separately. Leptospira- positive bank voles are focally positively associated with PUUV infection in bank voles and with human hantavirus cases. It should be considered that shrews may serve as Leptospira spp. reservoirs.

  18. Serum Cytokine Profiles Differentiating Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome and Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Svetlana F. Khaiboullina

    2017-05-01

    Full Text Available Hantavirus infection is an acute zoonosis that clinically manifests in two primary forms, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS. HFRS is endemic in Europe and Russia, where the mild form of the disease is prevalent in the Tatarstan region. HPS is endemic in Argentina, as well as other countries of North and South American. HFRS and HPS are usually acquired via the upper respiratory tract by inhalation of virus-contaminated aerosol. Although the pathogenesis of HFRS and HPS remains largely unknown, postmortem tissue studies have identified endothelial cells as the primary target of infection. Importantly, cell damage due to virus replication, or subsequent tissue repair, has not been documented. Since no single factor has been identified that explains the complexity of HFRS or HPS pathogenesis, it has been suggested that a cytokine storm may play a crucial role in the manifestation of both diseases. In order to identify potential serological markers that distinguish HFRS and HPS, serum samples collected during early and late phases of the disease were analyzed for 48 analytes using multiplex magnetic bead-based assays. Overall, serum cytokine profiles associated with HPS revealed a more pro-inflammatory milieu as compared to HFRS. Furthermore, HPS was strictly characterized by the upregulation of cytokine levels, in contrast to HFRS where cases were distinguished by a dichotomy in serum cytokine levels. The severe form of hantavirus zoonosis, HPS, was characterized by the upregulation of a higher number of cytokines than HFRS (40 vs 21. In general, our analysis indicates that, although HPS and HFRS share many characteristic features, there are distinct cytokine profiles for these diseases. These profiles suggest a strong activation of an innate immune and inflammatory responses are associated with HPS, relative to HFRS, as well as a robust activation of Th1-type immune responses. Finally, the results

  19. The triplet repeats of the Sin Nombre hantavirus 5' untranslated region are sufficient in cis for nucleocapsid-mediated translation initiation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mir, Mohammad A; Panganiban, Antonito T

    2010-09-01

    Hantavirus nucleocapsid protein (N) can replace the cellular cap-binding complex, eukaryotic initiation factor 4F (eIF4F), to mediate translation initiation. Although N can augment translation initiation of nonviral mRNA, initiation of viral mRNA by N is superior. All members of the Bunyaviridae family, including the species of the hantavirus genus, express either three or four primary mRNAs from their tripartite negative-sense genomes. The 5' ends of the mRNAs contain nonviral heterologous oligonucleotides that originate from endonucleolytic cleavage of cellular mRNA during the process of cap snatching. In the hantaviruses these caps terminate with a 3' G residue followed by nucleotides arising from the viral template. Further, the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of viral mRNA uniformly contains, near the 5' end, either two or three copies of the triplet repeat sequence, UAGUAG or UAGUAGUAG. Through analysis of a panel of mutants with mutations in the viral UTR, we found that the sequence GUAGUAG is sufficient for preferential N-mediated translation initiation and for high-affinity binding of N to the UTR. This heptanucleotide sequence is present in viral mRNA containing either two or three copies of the triplet repeat.

  20. Enfermedad cardiovascular en pacientes cubanos afectados por Ataxia de Friedreich.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tania Cruz Mariño

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Al describir la ataxia de Friedreich, Nicholaus hizo referencia a la patología cardiaca. Esta enfermedad autosómica recesiva se debe a una mutación dinámica en el gen FRDA, codificándose deficientemente la proteína Frataxina, conduciendo a estrés oxidativo y muerte celular cardiaca. La presente investigación se desarrolló con el objetivo de describir las anomalías cardiovasculares presentes en los pacientes cubanos afectados por ataxia de Friedreich. A los individuos con diagnóstico molecular confirmatorio de la enfermedad se les realizó electrocardiograma y ecocardiograma, así como evaluación clínica mediante escalas validadas internacionalmente: ICARS y SARA. Los trastornos de repolarización ventricular difusos, los trastornos de conducción intraauricular, así como los trastornos de la función diastólica resultaron hallazgos frecuentes. El patrón restrictivo apreciado provee evidencia invivo de que la enfermedad conduce a disfunción diastólica del ventrículo izquierdo. La ocurrencia de un Infarto Agudo del Miocardio silente indica la importancia de identificar formas incipientes de afectación miocárdica.

  1. Differential Regulation of PAI-1 in Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome and Hemorrhagic Fever With Renal Syndrome

    OpenAIRE

    Bellomo, Carla; Korva, Miša; Papa, Anna; Mäkelä, Satu; Mustonen, Jukka; Avšič-Županc, Tatjana; Vaheri, Antti; Martinez, Valeria P; Strandin, Tomas

    2018-01-01

    Abstract We analyzed the levels of circulating tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)–1 in acute hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). The levels of tPA commonly increased in both diseases, whereas PAI-1 correlated with disease severity in HCPS but not in HFRS.

  2. La mortalidad por enfermedades del corazón y por reumatismo en la ciudad de bogotá

    OpenAIRE

    Bejarano, Jorge

    2012-01-01

    La alta cifra de mortalidad por enfermedades cardio-vasculares está indicando la urgencia de una campana para contener sus avances. De todas las adquisiciones sanitarias, ninguna ha tenido el alcance y los resultados admirables de los centros o dispensarios destinados al tratamiento de una enfermedad y a la educación del enfermo. Nadie podrá pues, dudar que los dispensarios o consultorios de enfermedades cardio-vasculares, sea una de las armas más eficaces en la lucha contra la mortalidad por...

  3. Animal Models for the Study of Rodent-Borne Hemorrhagic Fever Viruses: Arenaviruses and Hantaviruses

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Joseph W. Golden

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Human pathogenic hantaviruses and arenaviruses are maintained in nature by persistent infection of rodent carrier populations. Several members of these virus groups can cause significant disease in humans that is generically termed viral hemorrhagic fever (HF and is characterized as a febrile illness with an increased propensity to cause acute inflammation. Human interaction with rodent carrier populations leads to infection. Arenaviruses are also viewed as potential biological weapons threat agents. There is an increased interest in studying these viruses in animal models to gain a deeper understating not only of viral pathogenesis, but also for the evaluation of medical countermeasures (MCM to mitigate disease threats. In this review, we examine current knowledge regarding animal models employed in the study of these viruses. We include analysis of infection models in natural reservoirs and also discuss the impact of strain heterogeneity on the susceptibility of animals to infection. This information should provide a comprehensive reference for those interested in the study of arenaviruses and hantaviruses not only for MCM development but also in the study of viral pathogenesis and the biology of these viruses in their natural reservoirs.

  4. Complete genome characterisation and phylogenetic position of Tigray hantavirus from the Ethiopian white-footed mouse, Stenocephalemys albipes

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Goüy de Bellocq, Joëlle; Těšíková, Jana; Meheretu, Y.; Čížková, Dagmar; Bryjová, Anna; Leirs, H.; Bryja, Josef

    2016-01-01

    Roč. 45, November (2016), s. 242-245 ISSN 1567-1348 R&D Projects: GA ČR GCP502/11/J070 Institutional support: RVO:68081766 Keywords : Hantavirus * Murinae * Ethiopia * High throughput sequencing * Genomics Subject RIV: EE - Microbiology, Virology Impact factor: 2.885, year: 2016

  5. Reactividad cardiovascular y factores de riesgos cardiovasculares en individuos normotensos menores de 40 años

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Benet Rodríguez Mikhail

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available Fundamento: Se ha observado que la hiperreactividad cardiovascular está asociada a factores de riesgo cardiovasculares en la población general. El objetivo de este trabajo es conocer si estos factores también se asocian en la población de individuos con menos de 40 años, ya que podría ser importante para modificar estilos de vida e intervenir en la prevención de las enfermedades cardiovasculares. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio comparativo representativo con una muestra de 249 individuos normotensos de ambos sexos entre 18 y 40 años de edad. Se formaron dos grupos a partir de los resultados de la prueba del peso sostenido (PPS, basada en la aplicación de un ejercicio isométrico para producir reactividad cardiovascular. Uno de los grupos estuvo formado por sujetos hiperreactivos cardiovasculares (n=62, con valores de presión arterial (TA 90/140 mmHg después de la prueba del peso sostenido, y el otro, estuvo formado por sujetos normorreactivos cardiovasculares (n=187, con valores de TA < 90/140 mmHg. Mediante un modelo de regresión logística se determinó la asociación entre la edad, sexo, historia familiar de hipertensión arterial (HF de HTA, actividad física (AcF, consumo de cigarros (CC, ingestión de bebidas alcohólicas (IBA, consumo de sal (CS y la raza con el estado de hiperreactividad cardiovascular. Resultados: El riesgo de los individuos con historia familiar de hipertensión arterial de tener hiperreactivad cardiovascular fue 2 veces mayor (OR=2,88 IC 95%: 1,54-5,36. Por cada año de edad el riesgo de hiperreactividad aumentó en 1,08 veces y llegó hasta 1,14 veces. Por otro lado, el índice de masa corporal mostró una relación significativa independiente con el estado de hiperreactividad vascular (OR=1,11 IC 95%: 1,01-1,21. El resto de las variables estudiadas no mostraron asociación con el estado de hiperreactividad cardiovascular. Conclusiones: Los individuos normotensos entre 18 y 40 años de edad tienen un

  6. Envejecimiento del sistema cardiovascular Cardiovascular system aging

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    José M Ocampo

    2005-08-01

    Full Text Available El envejecimiento del sistema cardiovascular está asociado con un número característico de cambios a nivel bioquímico, histológico y morfológico. Sin embargo, no todas las modificaciones presentadas se asocian con deterioro en la función. Entre los cambios a nivel cardiaco se tienen: disminución en el número de miocitos y en las células del sistema de conducción cardiaca, desarrollo de fibrosis, cambios en el transporte de calcio a través de las membranas y disminución del cronotropismo, inotropismo y lusitropismo mediados por estímulo b-adrenérgico. A nivel vascular, hay incremento en la rigidez de la pared de las arterias, con aumento en la velocidad de la onda de pulso, disfunción endotelial y disminución de la vasodilatación mediada por estímulo b-adrenérgico. Durante el reposo el sistema cardiovascular es capaz de desarrollar mecanismos adaptativos eficientes, pero en situaciones de estrés como el ejercicio, los cambios asociados con el envejecimiento se hacen evidentes ya que está disminuida la capacidad para obtener la frecuencia cardiaca máxima, está incrementada la postcarga y hay disminución de la contractilidad intrínseca. Por lo anterior, los ancianos deben utilizar al máximo el mecanismo de Frank-Starling para mantener el gasto cardiaco. Los cambios estructurales y funcionales asociados con el envejecimiento cardiovascular, disminuyen de forma significativa el umbral en el cual las enfermedades cardiacas llegan a ser evidentes, y deben ser conocidos por el personal de salud encargado de cuidar a los ancianos.Cardiovascular aging is associated with characteristic biochemical, histological and morphological changes. Nevertheless, these changes are not necessarily associated to a deterioration in its function. Among the cardiac changes found, there is a reduction in the number of myocytes and of the cardiac conduction system cells, development of fibrosis, changes in the trans-membrane calcium transport and a

  7. Síndrome cardiopulmonar por hantavírus no Triângulo Mineiro e Alto Paranaíba, Minas Gerais, 1998-2005: aspectos clínico-epidemiológicos de 23 casos Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in the Triângulo Mineiro and Alto Paranaíba regions, State of Minas Gerais, 1998-2005: clinical-epidemiological aspects of 23 cases

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jean Ezequiel Limongi

    2007-06-01

    Full Text Available Foram analisados os achados epidemiológicos, clínicos, laboratoriais e terapêuticos de 23 casos de síndrome cardiopulmonar por hantavírus, identificados sorologicamente ou por imunohistoquímica em hospitais do município de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais. Febre (100%, dispnéia (100% e mialgias (78% foram os sintomas mais frequentemente observados nesta casuística. Os sinais físicos mais prevalentes foram hipotensão (65% e taquicardia (65%. Achados laboratoriais mais comuns incluíram trombocitopenia (96%, hemoconcentração (83% e leucocitose (74%. Valores anormais de enzimas hepáticas foram encontrados em todos os pacientes testados e alterações em radiografias de tórax foram muito (95,6% freqüentes. Em 55,5% dos pacientes, foi necessário intubação orotraqueal e suporte hemodinâmico. O presente estudo confirmou o padrão sazonal da síndrome cardiopulmonar por hantavírus na região de Uberlândia e o envolvimento, no ciclo de transmissão da doença, de grupos profissionais considerados de baixo risco de infecção. A alta (39% taxa de letalidade e a gravidade da doença observadas neste estudo podem estar associadas ao atendimento tardio dos pacientes.The epidemiological, clinical, laboratory and treatment findings from 23 cases of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome were analyzed. These cases were identified either serologically or immunohistochemically in hospitals in the municipality of Uberlândia, State of Minas Gerais. Fever (100%, dyspnea (100% and myalgia (78% were the symptoms most frequently observed in this sample. The most prevalent physical signs were hypotension (65% and tachycardia (65%. The most common laboratory findings included thrombocytopenia (96%, hemoconcentration (83% and leukocytosis (74%. Abnormal values for liver enzymes were found in all the patients tested and abnormalities in chest radiography were very frequent (95.6%. In 55.5% of the patients, orotracheal intubation and hemodynamic support were

  8. Síndrome metabólico y preeclampsia: los aportes realizados por el Instituto de Investigaciones de la Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia Metabolic syndrome and pre-eclampsia: contributions realized by the research Institute of the Colombian Cardiovascular Foundation

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    Patricio López-Jaramillo

    2006-10-01

    Full Text Available Durante los últimos años, el Instituto de Investigaciones de la Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia ha centrado sus proyectos en el estudio de las diferencias en los mecanismos etiofisiopatológicos de la hipertensión inducida por el embarazo y del síndrome metabólico en poblaciones de países desarrollados y en vía de desarrollo, así como en el peso específico de los factores de riesgo que determinan la presentación de estas enfermedades. Los resultados obtenidos de las investigaciones realizadas en la población, sugieren que los cambios de hábitos de vida ocasionados por la sociedad consumista, son el principal determinante del riesgo aumentado de preeclampsia y enfermedades cardiovasculares que al momento presenta la población colombiana.The Research Institute of the Colombian Cardiovascular Foundation has centered its projects during the last years in the study of the differences in the etio-physiopathologic mechanisms of pregnancy induced hypertension and in the metabolic syndrome in populations of developed and underdeveloped countries, as well as in the value of the risk factors that determine the appearance of these diseases. The results obtained from the investigations realized in the population suggest that changes in life costumes due to a consumer society are the main determinant of the increased risk of pre-eclampsia and cardiovascular diseases that the Colombian population presents at this moment.

  9. Survey for hantaviruses, tick-borne encephalitis virus, and Rickettsia spp. in small rodents in Croatia.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Svoboda, Petra; Dobler, Gerhard; Markotić, Alemka; Kurolt, Ivan-Christian; Speck, Stephanie; Habuš, Josipa; Vucelja, Marko; Krajinović, Lidija Cvetko; Tadin, Ante; Margaletić, Josip; Essbauer, Sandra

    2014-07-01

    In Croatia, several rodent- and vector-borne agents are endemic and of medical importance. In this study, we investigated hantaviruses and, for the first time, tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) and Rickettsia spp. in small wild rodents from two different sites (mountainous and lowland region) in Croatia. In total, 194 transudate and tissue samples from 170 rodents (A. flavicollis, n=115; A. agrarius, n=2; Myodes glareolus, n=53) were tested for antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence assays (IIFT) and for nucleic acids by conventional (hantaviruses) and real-time RT-/PCRs (TBEV and Rickettsia spp.). A total of 25.5% (24/94) of the rodents from the mountainous area revealed specific antibodies against hantaviruses. In all, 21.3% (20/94) of the samples from the mountainous area and 29.0% (9/31) from the lowland area yielded positive results for either Puumala virus (PUUV) or Dobrava-Belgrade virus (DOBV) using a conventional RT-PCR. All processed samples (n=194) were negative for TBEV by IIFT or real-time RT-PCR. Serological evidence of rickettsial infection was detected in 4.3% (4/94) rodents from the mountainous region. Another 3.2% (3/94) rodents were positive for Rickettsia spp. by real-time PCR. None of the rodents (n=76) from the lowland area were positive for Rickettsia spp. by real-time PCR. Dual infection of PUUV and Rickettsia spp. was found in one M. glareolus from the mountainous area by RT-PCR and real-time PCR, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first detection of Rickettsia spp. in small rodents from Croatia. Phylogenetic analyses of S- and M-segment sequences obtained from the two study sites revealed well-supported subgroups in Croatian PUUV and DOBV. Although somewhat limited, our data showed occurrence and prevalence of PUUV, DOBV, and rickettsiae in Croatia. Further studies are warranted to confirm these data and to determine the Rickettsia species present in rodents in these areas.

  10. Choque cardiogênico por dissulfiram Shockcardiogénico por disulfiram Cardiogenic shock caused by disulfiram

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    Ana Jerónimo

    2009-03-01

    Full Text Available A intoxicação medicamentosa por dissulfiram é uma situação rara, mas, que pode se apresentar com manifestações cardiovasculares graves e potencialmente fatais, como choque cardiogênico. É apresentado o caso de uma paciente com choque refratário, após intoxicação voluntária por dissulfiram. A avaliação clínica e bioquímica, junto à avaliação ecocardiográfica e à monitorização invasiva, confirmaram tratar-se de um choque cardiogênico associado a esse fármaco. São discutidos os mecanismos de ação conhecidos do dissulfiram e descritos os principais efeitos colaterais, especialmente os cardiovasculares, alertando para a importância da suspeição diagnóstica e da abordagem terapêutica imediata mais adequada nesse contexto.La intoxicación medicamentosa por disulfiram es una situación rara, aunque puede presentarse con manifestaciones cardiovasculares graves y potencialmente fatales, como el shock cardiogénico. Este relato presenta el caso de una paciente con shock refractario, tras intoxicación voluntaria por disulfiram. La evaluación clínica y bioquímica, junto a la evaluación ecocardiográfica y el monitoreo invasivo, confirmaron tratarse de un shock cardiogénico asociado a ese fármaco. A lo largo del presente relato se discuten los mecanismos de acción del disulfiram conocidos, así como se describen los principales efectos colaterales, específicamente los cardiovasculares. En este sentido, también se alerta para la importancia de la sospecha diagnóstica y del abordaje terapéutico inmediato más adecuado a este contexto.Drug intoxication with disulfiram is a rare condition that may lead to severe and potentially fatal cardiovascular manifestations such as cardiogenic shock. We report the case of a female patient with refractory shock after deliberate self-poisoning with disulfiram. Clinical, biochemical and echocardiographic assessment, as well as invasive monitoring confirmed cardiogenic shock

  11. Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome in Argentina, 1995–2008

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bellomo, Carla M.; Cacace, María Luisa; Suárez, Paola; Bogni, Liliana; Padula, Paula J.

    2010-01-01

    We report a large case series of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in Argentina that was confirmed by laboratory restuls from 1995 through 2008. The geographic and temporal distribution of cases by age, sex, fatality rate, and risk factors for HPS was analyzed. A total of 710 cases were unequally distributed among 4 of the 5 Argentine regions. Different case-fatality rates were observed for each affected region, with a maximum rate of 40.5%. The male-to-female ratio for HPS case-patients was 3.7:1.0; the case-fatality rate was significantly higher for women. Agriculture-associated activities were most commonly reported as potential risk factors, especially among men of working age. Although HPS cases occurred predominantly in isolation, we identified 15 clusters in which strong relationships were observed between members, which suggests ongoing but limited person-to-person transmission. PMID:21122213

  12. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in the Americas El síndrome pulmonar por virus Hanta en las Américas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    1998-05-01

    Full Text Available La infección por virus Hanta, cuadro nefrótico y hemorrágico documentado desde la antigüedad en países de Asia y Europa, se presenta en las Américas en la época moderna con una nueva cara. Conocida por síndrome pulmonar por virus Hanta, la infección americana se caracteriza por una serie de síntomas respiratorios similares a los de la influenza, con hipotensión grave y disnea progresiva que lleva a la insuficiencia respiratoria y, en 40 a 50% de los casos, a la defunción. Varias cepas virales son las responsables del trastorno y cada cepa tiene por reservorio una especie particular de roedores. El contagio se produce por inhalación de partículas de las materias excretadas por roedores infectados o por contacto con objetos contaminados. Hay datos que podrían indicar la posible transmisión del virus entre seres humanos. Ante la gravedad de este nuevo problema de salud pública, la OPS está intensificando las medidas para la detección y control del síndrome pulmonar por virus Hanta, entre las que figuran el establecimiento de una red de laboratorios encargados de diagnosticar la enfermedad, preparar reactivos para su detección, investigar la ecología del virus causal y mantener una vigilancia de casos activa.

  13. Riesgo cardiovascular, calidad de Vida y años de vida ajustados por calidad: un estudio de caso Risco cardiovascular, qualidade de vida e anos de vida ajustados por qualidade: um estudo de caso Cardiovascular risk, quality of life and quality-adjusted years of life: a case report

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sandra Lorena Duque Henao

    2010-03-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: determinar la razón costo-utilidad de un programa de promoción y prevención de enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV en una institución que presta servicios de salud en la ciudad de Medellín (Colombia. Metodología: se comparó el programa preventivo con el esquema de control convencional bajo el diseño de un estudio cuasiexperimental de evaluación antes y después con grupo control no equivalente. Entre los grupos de estudio se evaluaron diferencias al final del primero y segundo año de los siguientes resultados: puntaje de Framingham, costo directo para el programa, calidad de vida, índice de salud y años de vida ajustados por calidad. Resultados: entre los grupos evaluados se encontró diferencia estadísticamente significante entre los momentos inicial y final para las variables: puntaje de Framingham, índice de salud y años de vida ajustados por calidad. Conclusión: la participación de los pacientes en programa de promoción y prevención de ECV está relacionado con reducción en el riesgo y mejoría en la calidad de vida.Objetivo: determinar a razão custo-utilidade de um programa de promoção e prevenção de doenças cardiovasculares (ECV numa instituição que presta serviços de saúde na cidade de Medellín (Colômbia. Metodologia: comparou-se o programa preventivo com o esquema de controle convencional sob o desenho de um estudo quase-experimental de avaliação antes e depois com grupo controle não equivalente. Entre os grupos de estudo se avaliaram diferenças ao final do primeiro e segundo ano dos seguintes resultados: pontuação de Framingham, custo direto para o programa, qualidade de vida, índice de saúde e anos de vida ajustados por qualidade. Resultados: entre os grupos avaliados se encontrou diferença estatisticamente significante entre os momentos inicial e final para as variáveis: pontuação de Framingham, índice de saúde e anos de vida ajustados por qualidade. Conclusão: a participa

  14. Hostilidad, psicofisiología y salud cardiovascular

    OpenAIRE

    Palmero, Francisco; Gómez, Consolación; Guerrero, Cristina; Carpi, Amparo; Díez, José Luis; Diago, José Luis

    2010-01-01

    Los trastornos cardiovasculares representan una de las principales causas de muerte en nuestros días. Además de los clásicos factores de riesgo, se sugiere la posibilidad de que otras variables, como las psicológicas, estén implicadas también en dicha enfermedad. De forma concreta, el complejo irahostilidad es el que está recibiendo mayor atención por parte de los investigadores.La posible vinculación de una variable emocional en la enfermedad cardiovascular se encuentra apoyada por la eviden...

  15. Drotrecogin Alpha (Activated in Two Patients with the Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome

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    Robert C McDermid

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS is associated with rapid cardiopulmonary collapse from endothelial injury, resulting in massive capillary leak, shock and severe hypoxemic respiratory failure. To date, treatment remains supportive and includes mechanical ventilation, vasopressors and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, with mortality approaching 50%. Two HCPS survivors initially given drotrecogin alpha (activated (DAA for presumed bacterial septic shock are described. Vasoactive medications were required for a maximum of 52 h, whereas creatinine levels and platelet counts normalized within seven to nine days. Given the similar presentations of HCPS and bacterial septic shock, empirical DAA therapy will likely be initiated before a definitive diagnosis of HCPS is made. Further observations of DAA in HCPS seem warranted.

  16. Detection of Puumala hantavirus antigen in human intestine during acute hantavirus infection.

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    Joerg Latus

    Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Puumala virus (PUUV is the most important hantavirus species in Central Europe. Nephropathia epidemica (NE, caused by PUUV, is characterized by acute renal injury (AKI with thrombocytopenia and frequently gastrointestinal symptoms. METHODS: 456 patients with serologically and clinically confirmed NE were investigated at time of follow-up in a single clinic. The course of the NE was investigated using medical reports. We identified patients who had endoscopy with intestinal biopsy during acute phase of NE. Histopathological, immunohistochemical and molecular analyses of the biopsies were performed. RESULTS: Thirteen patients underwent colonoscopy or gastroscopy for abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting during acute phase of NE. Immunohistochemistry (IHC revealed PUUV nucleocapsid antigen in 11 biopsies from 8 patients; 14 biopsies from 5 patients were negative for PUUV nucleocapsid antigen. IHC localized PUUV nucleocapsid antigen in endothelial cells of capillaries or larger vessels in the lamina propria. Rate of AKI was not higher and severity of AKI was not different in the PUUV-positive compared to the PUUV-negative group. All IHC positive biopsies were positive for PUUV RNA using RT-PCR. Phylogenetic reconstruction revealed clustering of all PUUV strains from this study with viruses previously detected from the South-West of Germany. Long-term outcome was favorable in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with NE, PUUV nucleocapsid antigen and PUUV RNA was detected frequently in the intestine. This finding could explain frequent GI-symptoms in NE patients, thus demonstration of a more generalized PUUV infection. The RT-PCR was an effective and sensitive method to detect PUUV RNA in FFPE tissues. Therefore, it can be used as a diagnostic and phylogenetic approach also for archival materials. AKI was not more often present in patients with PUUV-positive IHC. This last finding should be investigated in larger numbers of

  17. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in Anajatuba, Maranhão, Brazil

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    MENDES Wellington S.

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available The authors report a confirmed case of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in the rural area of the municipality of Anajatuba, state of Maranhão. Two other suspected cases from the same region are also described. The confirmed case involved a previously healthy young woman who died with signs and symptoms of acute respiratory insufficiency 5 days after presenting fever, myalgia and a dry cough. The patient was a student who was helping her parents with work in the fields; it was a habit of the family to store rice inside the house. The suspected cases involved two first-degree relatives working as field hands who died of acute respiratory insufficiency 24 and 48 hours, respectively, after presenting fever, myalgia and a dry cough. Both stored rice and corn inside their home. People living in the region reported massive infestations with rats in the woods and fields.

  18. Mapas de riesgo para Hantavirus en el Parque Nacional Conguillío, sur de Chile Hantavirus risk maps for Conguillío National Park, southern Chile

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    ANDRÉS MUÑOZ-PEDREROS

    2007-09-01

    Full Text Available El riesgo de infección con Hantavirus depende de factores, que determinan una probabilidad de contagio con los reservorios, tales como: (a la estructura vegetacional y el uso del suelo como un escenario primario, donde los factores específicos de composición, estructura y densidad de la vegetación detallan elementos relacionados con el habitat de los reservorios. (b La existencia de poblaciones de roedores reservorio. (c Establecimientos humanos, como disponibilidad y densidad de caminos, áreas habitadas o de presencia humana (e.g., casas, bodegas. Estos tres factores, habitat (probabilidad de ocurrencia del reservorio, roedores seropositivos (peligro de contagio y humanos (población expuesta, conjugados, proporcionan los elementos de juicio necesarios para establecer el riesgo. Es importante considerar que estos factores tienen una dinámica de cambio estacional durante el año y modificaciones ambientales naturales y antrópicas. Así, buscamos comprender el riesgo a que está sometido el ser humano en el espacio rural. Los modelos espaciales corresponden a representaciones de la realidad observada en un área determinada y condicionada a diversos factores geográficos, topográficos, biológicos, climáticos, etc. El objetivo de este estudio fue establecer sectores potenciales de riesgo al hantavirus en un parque nacional de la IX Región de Chile empleando cartas temáticas de variables ambientales en un Sistema de Información Geográfica para analizar fotografías aéreas mediante fotointerpretación, transferencia, digitalización y manejo de base de datos gráfica y alfanumérica, validada en terreno. La capa vectorial fue "rasterizada" con un tamaño de pixel de 50 m. El mapa de riesgo se construyó utilizando un modelo aditivo de capas mediante el uso del software Model Builder 1.0, extensión de Arc View 3.2. La base del procedimiento fue el proceso de "overlay" aritmético, que sobrepone las capas adicionando los términos de

  19. Análise da mortalidade e das internações por doenças cardiovasculares em Niterói, entre 1998 e 2007 Análisis de la mortalidad y de las hospitalizaciones por enfermedades cardiovasculares en Niterói, entre 1998 y 2007 Analysis of mortality and hospitalization for cardiovascular diseases in Niterói, between 1998 and 2007

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Luiza Garcia Rosa

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: A redução da mortalidade por doenças cardiovasculares é observada no Brasil há anos, atribuída à queda nos fatores de risco, melhora na terapêutica e diminuição da mortalidade hospitalar. OBJETIVO: Comparar a mortalidade populacional, o coeficiente de internação e a mortalidade hospitalar em unidades do Sistema Único de Saúde, para doença isquêmica do coração (DIC, doenças cerebrovasculares (DCBV e insuficiência cardíaca (IC, no município de Niterói, entre 1998 e 2007. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados o número de óbitos e o de internações e mortalidade hospitalar de residentes em Niterói para o capítulo IX do CID10 e causas específicas disponíveis no Datasus, na população de 30 anos e mais. A diferença entre a magnitude dos indicadores foi calculada para homens e mulheres considerando a média do primeiro triênio menos a média do segundo triênio. RESULTADOS: Houve queda dos coeficientes de mortalidade populacional em homens e mulheres, para todas as faixas etárias, nos três grupos de causas e para o capítulo IX. A tendência à queda dos coeficientes diminuiu com a idade. Para DIC houve queda na mortalidade hospitalar. Para DCBV e IC, aumento. Os coeficientes de internação hospitalar por DIC diminuíram, com exceção de algumas faixas. CONCLUSÃO: O presente estudo permitiu esclarecer alguns aspectos da morbimortalidade cardiovascular em Niterói. A redução da mortalidade populacional e hospitalar por DIC indica haver melhor qualidade na abordagem dessa condição. O aumento da mortalidade hospitalar por DCBV e IC aponta para a necessidade de se dar maior atenção à qualidade do cuidado hospitalar para esses grupos de doenças.FUNDAMENTO: La reducción de la mortalidad por enfermedades cardiovasculares se viene observando en Brasil desde hace años, se la asigna a un descenso en los factores de riesgo, a una mejora en el tratamiento y a una mortalidad hospitalaria reducida. OBJETIVO: Para

  20. Programa nutricional dirigido a personas con riesgo cardiovascular para prevenir enfermedades cardiovasculares

    OpenAIRE

    Cano Herrero, Cristina

    2013-01-01

    El sistema cardiovascular está constituido por el corazón y los vasos sanguíneos. Su función principal es la de bombear la sangre para transportar el oxigeno y otras sustancias nutritivas hacia los tejidos y eliminar los productos residuales. Cualquier alteración del corazón y de los vasos sanguíneos conlleva a lo que se denomina enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV). Dentro de esta gran variedad de patologías, las más comunes son la isquemia cardiaca y la enfermedad vasculocerebral (EVC) (1-3)...

  1. Análise da mortalidade e das internações por doenças cardiovasculares em Niterói, entre 1998 e 2007

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Luiza Garcia Rosa

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: A redução da mortalidade por doenças cardiovasculares é observada no Brasil há anos, atribuída à queda nos fatores de risco, melhora na terapêutica e diminuição da mortalidade hospitalar. OBJETIVO: Comparar a mortalidade populacional, o coeficiente de internação e a mortalidade hospitalar em unidades do Sistema Único de Saúde, para doença isquêmica do coração (DIC, doenças cerebrovasculares (DCBV e insuficiência cardíaca (IC, no município de Niterói, entre 1998 e 2007. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados o número de óbitos e o de internações e mortalidade hospitalar de residentes em Niterói para o capítulo IX do CID10 e causas específicas disponíveis no Datasus, na população de 30 anos e mais. A diferença entre a magnitude dos indicadores foi calculada para homens e mulheres considerando a média do primeiro triênio menos a média do segundo triênio. RESULTADOS: Houve queda dos coeficientes de mortalidade populacional em homens e mulheres, para todas as faixas etárias, nos três grupos de causas e para o capítulo IX. A tendência à queda dos coeficientes diminuiu com a idade. Para DIC houve queda na mortalidade hospitalar. Para DCBV e IC, aumento. Os coeficientes de internação hospitalar por DIC diminuíram, com exceção de algumas faixas. CONCLUSÃO: O presente estudo permitiu esclarecer alguns aspectos da morbimortalidade cardiovascular em Niterói. A redução da mortalidade populacional e hospitalar por DIC indica haver melhor qualidade na abordagem dessa condição. O aumento da mortalidade hospitalar por DCBV e IC aponta para a necessidade de se dar maior atenção à qualidade do cuidado hospitalar para esses grupos de doenças.

  2. Modelo del Costo Basado en la Actividad aplicado a consultas por trazadores de enfermedades cardiovasculares

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    Marteau Silvia A.

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Hacer un análisis de costos, de la atención médica en consultas externas, mediante la metodología del Costo Basado en la Actividad (ABC, por sus siglas en inglés y en relación con eventos trazadores de enfermedades cardiovasculares de origen isquémico en las instituciones del sector público. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: El estudio se basó en consultas por enfermedades o eventos trazadores (n=290 y no trazadores (n=1 710, de una muestra de 2 000 consultas de primera vez de un hospital zonal general de agudos (San Roque de Gonnet, de la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, y se realizó de abril a octubre de 1998. El costo se evaluó con la metodología del ABC. RESULTADOS: El mejoramiento de las actividades de atención en el servicio de Clínica Médica conllevaría un ahorro sustancial en los costos indirectos, equivalente a un porcentaje promedio de 7.11 sobre los productos definidos como consultas por hipertensión arterial (HTA, dislipidemia y diabetes. El ahorro total en el costo unitario por producto que se produciría si se eliminaran las actividades mencionadas, estaría en el orden de 11.78% para el producto HTA, de 13.96% para dislipidemia, de 19.05% para diabetes y de 11.45% para las enfermedades no trazadores. Se asignó o se gastó ineficientemente 66.26% de los costos totales indirectos correspondientes al producto dislipidemia y 61.80% de los correspondientes a diabetes. El costo unitario total de las consultas en el servicio de Clínica Médica, según el método tradicional, es de $22.98, valor que en algunos casos está muy por debajo del costo obtenido a partir del método ABC aplicado en este estudio. CONCLUSIONES: Es necesario trabajar en el rediseño del proceso de atención para evaluar las actividades que no agreguen valor al mismo; éstas únicamente generan molestias y demoras al paciente y provocan ineficiencias en el sistema, dado que se asignan recursos a actividades que no optimizan la gestión y, como

  3. Zunehmend mehr Hantavirus-Infektionen: Hinweise zu Vorsichtsmaßnahmen für Ornithologen und Feldbiologen

    OpenAIRE

    Bosch, Stefan

    2008-01-01

    Hantaviruses are transmitted to humans by infected rodents via faeces, urine or bites and cause severe illness. In Europe the most common disease is the nephropathia epidemica. Man can be infected by inhaling viruses in contaminated aerosols or soil particles. There has been a obvious increase of case numbers in Germany in 2007: more than 1660 cases where recorded by the Robert-Koch-Institut (vs. 72 in 2006 and 448 in 2005). Mostly working men where concerned. 60 % of all patients had to be t...

  4. Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy and hypophysitis after Puumala hantavirus infection

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    Marlene Tarvainen

    2016-11-01

    Full Text Available Puumala hantavirus (PUUV infection causes nephropathia epidemica (NE, a relatively mild form of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS. Hypophyseal haemorrhage and hypopituitarism have been described in case reports on patients with acute NE. Chronic hypopituitarism diagnosed months or years after the acute illness has also been reported, without any signs of a haemorrhagic aetiology. The mechanisms leading to the late-onset hormonal defects remain unknown. Here, we present a case of NE-associated autoimmune polyendocrinopathy and hypopituitarism presumably due to autoimmune hypophysitis. Thyroid peroxidase antibody seroconversion occurred between 6 and 12 months, and ovarian as well as glutamate decarboxylase antibodies were found 18 months after acute NE. Brain MRI revealed an atrophic adenohypophysis with a heterogeneous, low signal intensity compatible with a sequela of hypophysitis. The patient developed central (or mixed central and peripheral hypothyroidism, hypogonadism and diabetes insipidus, all requiring hormonal replacement therapy. This case report suggests that late-onset hormonal defects after PUUV infection may develop by an autoimmune mechanism. This hypothesis needs to be confirmed by prospective studies with sufficient numbers of patients.

  5. Distribuição espacial da mortalidade por doenças cardiovasculares no Estado do Paraná, Brasil: 1989-1991 e 2006-2008 Spatial evolution of cardiovascular mortality in Paraná State, Brazil: 1989-1991 and 2006-2008

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    Erildo Vicente Muller

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available Descrever a distribuição espacial da mortalidade por doença cardiovascular na população do Paraná, Brasil (1989-1991 e 2006-2008 e sua correlação com variáveis socioeconômicas. Trata-se de estudo ecológico, com dados de mortalidade e populacionais obtidos, respectivamente, do Departamento de Informática do SUS e do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. As taxas de mortalidade foram ajustadas pela estimativa bayesiana empírica local. Utilizou-se o índice de Moran I e o coeficiente de Spearman na análise de correlação. Não foram observadas correlações significantes ou dependência espacial entre a mortalidade e as variáveis socioeconômicas. A magnitude da mortalidade foi maior no sexo masculino em ambos os triênios. A força de mortalidade por doenças cardiovasculares diminuiu entre 1989-1991 e 2006-2008, sendo maior no sexo feminino. A construção de mapas temáticos permitiu a visualização das macrorregionais com maior risco de ocorrência do agravo. A redução de mortalidade pode ser, em parte, explicada pelo maior acesso a serviços e pela melhoria das condições de vida e renda.This ecological study aimed to describe the spatial distribution of cardiovascular mortality in Paraná State, Brazil (1989-1991 and 2006-2008 and its correlation with socioeconomic variables, using mortality data from the DATASUS database and population data from IBGE. Mortality rates were adjusted by the local empirical Bayesian method. Correlation analysis used the Moran I index and Spearman coefficient. There were no significant correlations or spatial dependence between mortality and socioeconomic variables. Mortality was higher in males in both periods. Cardiovascular mortality declined from 1989-1991 to 2006-2008 and was higher in females. Construction of thematic maps allowed visualization of the regions with highest cardiovascular risk. The decrease in mortality can be partially explained by expanded access to health

  6. Vacina contra o vírus da influenza e mortalidade por doenças cardiovasculares na cidade de São Paulo Vacuna contra el virus de la Influenza y mortalidad por enfermedades cardiovasculares en la Ciudad de São Paulo Vaccination against the influenza virus and mortality due to cardiovascular diseases in the city of Sao Paulo

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    Antonio de Padua Mansur

    2009-10-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: A influência da vacinação contra o vírus da gripe na mortalidade por doenças cardiovasculares (DCV é controversa. OBJETIVO: Analisar a mortalidade por DCV antes e depois do início da vacinação contra a gripe na cidade de São Paulo. MÉTODOS: Analisou-se a mortalidade por doenças isquêmicas do coração (DIC, doenças cerebrovasculares (DCbV e por causas externas (CE na população da região metropolitana de São Paulo com idade > 60 anos, antes e depois do programa de vacinação contra a gripe. As estimativas da população e os dados de mortalidade foram, respectivamente, obtidos do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE; www.ibge.gov.br e do Ministério da Saúde (www.datasus.gov.br para o período entre 1980 e 2006. O risco de morte foi ajustado pelo método direto, em que se utilizou a população padrão (mundial referente a 1960. RESULTADOS: As comparações entre as inclinações das linhas de regressão foram semelhantes para as DCbV (p = 0,931 e CE (p = 0,941, porém, para as DIC (p = 0,022, observou-se significativa redução da linha do período pós-vacina quando comparada com a linha do período pré-vacina. Mudança na tendência da mortalidade após 1996 foi significativa somente para as DIC (p = 0,022, permanecendo inalterada para as DCbV (p = 0,931 e CE (p = 0,941. CONCLUSÃO: A vacinação contra a gripe associou-se a significativa redução da mortalidade por DIC.FUNDAMENTO: La influencia de la vacunación contra el virus de la gripe en la mortalidad por enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV es controvertida. OBJETIVO: Analizar la mortalidad por ECV antes y después del inicio de la vacunación contra la gripe en la ciudad de São Paulo. MÉTODOS: Se analizó la mortalidad por enfermedades isquémicas del corazón (EIC, enfermedades cerebrovasculares (ECbV y por causas externas (CE en la población de la región metropolitana de São Paulo con edad > 60 años, antes y después del

  7. Hostilidad, psicofisiología y salud cardiovascular

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    Francisco Palmero

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available Los trastornos cardiovasculares representan una de las principales causas de muerte en nuestros días. Además de los clásicos factores de riesgo, se sugiere la posibilidad de que otras variables, como las psicológicas, estén implicadas también en dicha enfermedad. De forma concreta, el complejo ira-hostilidad es el que está recibiendo mayor atención por parte de los investigadores.La posible vinculación de una variable emocionalen la enfermedad cardiovascular se encuentra apoyada por la evidencia psicofisiológica. Concretamente,la hipótesis de la reactividad cardiovascular ha sido el argumento utilizado para entender cómo variables psicológicas pueden llegar a afectar al sistema cardiovascular, por los efectos que producen en la secuencia y frecuencia con la que discurre la sangre a través del sistema cardiovascular.La situación actual parece poner de relieve que es necesario establecer algunos ajustes conceptualesen lo que a la hostilidad se refiere. La hostilidad defensiva podría ser el constructo que mejor explica la mayor predisposición a este tipo de trastornos. Igualmente, en cuanto a la metodología psicofisiológica,parece pertinente considerar los tres parámetros clásicos en psicofisiología, esto es, la frecuencia, la intensidad y la duración. De forma general, se han tenido en cuenta la frecuenciay la intensidad. Estimamos que la inclusión de la duración puede aportar una importante informaciónañadida que ayude a entender la vinculación existente entre variables psicológicas y trastornos fisiológicos.

  8. Cardiovascular risk in Turner syndrome.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Donato, Beatriz; Ferreira, Maria João

    2018-06-01

    Turner syndrome is a relatively common genetic disorder of female development, characterized by partial or complete absence of an X chromosome, with a variable clinical presentation. Congenital or acquired cardiovascular disease is highly prevalent and a major cause of early death in this syndrome. The most feared complication is aortic dissection, which can occur at a very young age and requires careful assessment of its risk factors. A systematic literature search identified sixty relevant publications. These were reviewed with regard to the increased risk of cardiovascular disease in women with Turner syndrome, especially in pregnancy. The most common congenital cardiovascular defects are presented and illustrated with appropriate iconography. The current recommendations regarding the screening and monitoring of cardiovascular disease in these patients are discussed. Copyright © 2018 Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

  9. Adipocitos, obesidad visceral, inflamación y enfermedad cardiovascular Adipocytes, visceral obesity, inflammation and cardiovascular disease

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    Fernando Manzur

    2010-09-01

    Full Text Available La obesidad es un importante problema de salud a nivel mundial. Se considera el resultado de la combinación de factores genéticos, alimentación inadecuada y falta de actividad física regular. La ingestión de una dieta de alta densidad energética, es la principal causa de obesidad visceral o central, ya que el exceso de energía se almacena en los adipocitos, que aumentan en tamaño y en número, o ambos, en especial los viscerales, produciendo un incremento en la tasa de lipólisis, que a su vez, estimula la secreción de citoquinas por leucocitos, macrófagos y adipocitos, y conduce a estado proinflamatorio, resistencia a la insulina y disfunción endotelial. Esta última, favorecida por el proceso inflamatorio, puede ser el vínculo de unión entre la obesidad y la enfermedad cardiovascular. Así, la disfunción del tejido adiposo representa el mecanismo etiopatogénico en el desarrollo de enfermedad cardiovascular, iniciado por la obesidad visceral.Worldwide obesity is an important health problem that results from the combination of genetic factors, inadequate food intake and lack of regular physical activity. Intake of a high energy-dense diet is the main cause of visceral and central obesity, since energy excess is stored in adipocytes that increase in size and/or number, especially visceral adipocytes, causing an increment in lipolysis rate that in turn stimulates the cytokines secretion from leucocytes, macrophages and adipocytes, leading to a pro-inflammatory state, insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction. This endothelial dysfunction favored by the inflammatory process can be the connecting bond between obesity and cardiovascular disease. Thus, adipose tisssue dysfunction constitutes the ethio-pathogenic mechanism in the development of cardiovascular disease, initiated by visceral obesity.

  10. Landscape genetics highlights the role of bank vole metapopulation dynamics in the epidemiology of Puumala hantavirus.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Guivier, E; Galan, M; Chaval, Y; Xuéreb, A; Ribas Salvador, A; Poulle, M-L; Voutilainen, L; Henttonen, H; Charbonnel, N; Cosson, J F

    2011-09-01

    Rodent host dynamics and dispersal are thought to be critical for hantavirus epidemiology as they determine pathogen persistence and transmission within and between host populations. We used landscape genetics to investigate how the population dynamics of the bank vole Myodes glareolus, the host of Puumala hantavirus (PUUV), vary with forest fragmentation and influence PUUV epidemiology. We sampled vole populations within the Ardennes, a French PUUV endemic area. We inferred demographic features such as population size, isolation and migration with regard to landscape configuration. We next analysed the influence of M. glareolus population dynamics on PUUV spatial distribution. Our results revealed that the global metapopulation dynamics of bank voles were strongly shaped by landscape features, including suitable patch size and connectivity. Large effective size in forest might therefore contribute to the higher observed levels of PUUV prevalence. By contrast, populations from hedge networks highly suffered from genetic drift and appeared strongly isolated from all other populations. This might result in high probabilities of local extinction for both M. glareolus and PUUV. Besides, we detected signatures of asymmetric bank vole migration from forests to hedges. These movements were likely to sustain PUUV in fragmented landscapes. In conclusion, our study provided arguments in favour of source-sink dynamics shaping PUUV persistence and spread in heterogeneous, Western European temperate landscapes. It illustrated the potential contribution of landscape genetics to the understanding of the epidemiological processes occurring at this local scale. © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

  11. Epidemiology and laboratory diagnosis of hantavirus (HTV) infections.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Clement, J; McKenna, P; Groen, J; Osterhaus, A; Colson, P; Vervoort, T; van der Groen, G; Lee, H W

    1995-01-01

    Hantavirus (HTV) is recently discovered "hemorrhagic fever virus" belonging to the Bunyaviridae family, which is spread throughout the world by wild rodents and/or laboratory rats. During an epidemic in the Belgian-French Ardennes in 1993, more than 200 acute cases were recorded of the milder European form of HTV-illness, otherwise known as Nephropathia epidemica (NE). This variant may be recognized by the sudden onset of fever, acute renal failure, thrombocytopenia and sometimes by ophthalmologic complications. The symptomatology is rather aspecific and diagnosis can only be confirmed by serologic tests, of which the best option nowadays seems to be: screening by IgG EIA, followed by IgM confirmation with a mu-capture EIA test. Some of the tests described allow an evaluation of the causative serotype or even the moment of infection. Next to the "classic" serologic assays for detection of specific viral antibodies, we describe briefly our own experience with newer tests such as "high density particle agglutination" and "line immuno assay". Polymerase chain reaction for viral RNA genome typing and immunohistochemical colouring of the viral antigen in tissues seem to offer promising alternatives for the immediate future.

  12. Hipertrofia ventricular e mortalidade cardiovascular em pacientes de hemodiálise de baixo nível educacional Hipertrofia ventricular y mortalidad cardiovascular en pacientes de hemodiálisis de bajo nivel educativo Ventricular hypertrophy and cardiovascular mortality in hemodialysis patients with low educational level

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    Rosana dos Santos e Silva Martin

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: A hipertrofia ventricular esquerda é potente preditor de mortalidade em renais crônicos. Estudo prévio de nosso grupo mostrou que renais crônicos com menor escolaridade têm hipertrofia ventricular mais intensa. OBJETIVO: Ampliar estudo prévio e verificar se a hipertrofia ventricular esquerda pode justificar a associação entre escolaridade e mortalidade cardiovascular de pacientes em hemodiálise. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 113 pacientes entre janeiro de 2005 e março de 2008 e seguidos até outubro de 2010. Foram traçadas curvas de sobrevida comparando a mortalidade cardiovascular, e por todas as causas dos pacientes com escolaridade de até três anos (mediana da escolaridade e pacientes com escolaridade igual ou superior a quatro anos. Foram construídos modelos múltiplos de Cox ajustados para as variáveis de confusão. RESULTADOS: Observou-se associação entre nível de escolaridade e hipertrofia ventricular. A diferença estatística de mortalidade de origem cardiovascular e por todas as causas entre os diferentes níveis de escolaridade ocorreu aos cinco anos e meio de seguimento. No modelo de Cox, a hipertrofia ventricular e a proteína-C reativa associaram-se à mortalidade por todas as causas e de origem cardiovascular. A etiologia da insuficiência renal associou-se à mortalidade por todas as causas e a creatinina associou-se à mortalidade de origem cardiovascular. A associação entre escolaridade e mortalidade perdeu significância estatística no modelo ajustado. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados do presente trabalho confirmam estudo prévio e demonstram, ademais, que a maior mortalidade cardiovascular observada nos pacientes com menor escolaridade pôde ser explicada por fatores de risco de ordem bioquímica e de morfologia cardíaca.FUNDAMENTO: La hipertrofia ventricular izquierda es potente predictor de mortalidad en renales crónicos. Estudio previo de nuestro grupo mostró que renales crónicos con menor

  13. Preditores cardiovasculares da mortalidade em idosos longevos Cardiovascular mortality predictors in the oldest old

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    Luiz Pedro Marafon

    2003-06-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar a associação entre fatores de risco e morbidade cardiovascular com mortalidade em idosos longevos. Noventa e um por cento da população com idade ³ 80 anos (n = 193 de Veranópolis, Rio Grande do Sul, no ano de 1996, foram avaliados para a detecção de fatores de risco e morbidade cardiovascular. Acompanhou-se esta população durante 3 anos e registraram-se os casos de óbitos. Os dados foram analisados por análise univariada e multivariada por regressão logística. Ocorreram 41 (21% óbitos (20 homens e 21 mulheres. As mortes foram distribuídas ao longo do período estudado como se segue: 3 (7,3% no primeiro ano, 8 (19,5% no segundo ano e 30 (73,2% no terceiro ano. Observou-se associação significativa de óbito com as seguintes características: pressão arterial diastólica (PAD, colesterol total (CT, LDL-C, ApoA-I, acidente vascular encefálico prévio (AVC, bloqueio do ramo direito (BRD e hipertrofia ventricular esquerda (HVE ao ECG. Os sobreviventes apresentaram níveis mais elevados de PAD, CT, LDL-C e ApoA-I. AVC, BRD e HVE. A análise multivariada mostrou que as variáveis eram fatores de risco independentes. Os fatores de risco cardiovascular parecem atuar de forma diferenciada em longevos.This article investigates the association between cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the oldest old. In 1996, 91% of the population ³ 80 years of age from Veranópolis, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, were evaluated to detect cardiovascular risk factors and morbidity. The sample was followed up for three years, with the assessment of deaths. The analysis was done using univariate statistics and multivariate logistic regression analysis. There were 41 deaths (21%: 20 men and 21 women. Deaths were distributed by year as follow: 03 (7.3% in the first year, 08 (19.5% in the second, and 30 (73.2% in the third. There was a significant and independent association

  14. Modelo del Costo Basado en la Actividad aplicado a consultas por trazadores de enfermedades cardiovasculares Activity-based cost model applied to tracer cardiovascular diseases

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    Silvia A. Marteau

    2001-02-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Hacer un análisis de costos, de la atención médica en consultas externas, mediante la metodología del Costo Basado en la Actividad (ABC, por sus siglas en inglés y en relación con eventos trazadores de enfermedades cardiovasculares de origen isquémico en las instituciones del sector público. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: El estudio se basó en consultas por enfermedades o eventos trazadores (n=290 y no trazadores (n=1 710, de una muestra de 2 000 consultas de primera vez de un hospital zonal general de agudos (San Roque de Gonnet, de la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, y se realizó de abril a octubre de 1998. El costo se evaluó con la metodología del ABC. RESULTADOS: El mejoramiento de las actividades de atención en el servicio de Clínica Médica conllevaría un ahorro sustancial en los costos indirectos, equivalente a un porcentaje promedio de 7.11 sobre los productos definidos como consultas por hipertensión arterial (HTA, dislipidemia y diabetes. El ahorro total en el costo unitario por producto que se produciría si se eliminaran las actividades mencionadas, estaría en el orden de 11.78% para el producto HTA, de 13.96% para dislipidemia, de 19.05% para diabetes y de 11.45% para las enfermedades no trazadores. Se asignó o se gastó ineficientemente 66.26% de los costos totales indirectos correspondientes al producto dislipidemia y 61.80% de los correspondientes a diabetes. El costo unitario total de las consultas en el servicio de Clínica Médica, según el método tradicional, es de $22.98, valor que en algunos casos está muy por debajo del costo obtenido a partir del método ABC aplicado en este estudio. CONCLUSIONES: Es necesario trabajar en el rediseño del proceso de atención para evaluar las actividades que no agreguen valor al mismo; éstas únicamente generan molestias y demoras al paciente y provocan ineficiencias en el sistema, dado que se asignan recursos a actividades que no optimizan la gestión y, como

  15. [Air pollution, cardiovascular risk and hypertension].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Soldevila Bacardit, N; Vinyoles Bargalló, E; Agudo Ugena, J; Camps Vila, L

    2018-04-24

    Air pollution is a worrying factor and has an impact on public health. Multiple studies relate exposure to air pollutants with an increase in cardiovascular events, cardiovascular mortality and mortality for all causes. A relationship has also been demonstrated between increased pollution and high blood pressure, as well as a higher prevalence of hypertension. Pollutants that play a more relevant role in this association are particulate matters, nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide. The objective of this review is to understand the mechanisms involved in this increase and to find the most recent publications that relate pollution, cardiovascular risk and hypertension. Copyright © 2018 SEH-LELHA. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

  16. Cardiovascular risk assessment in hypertensive patients Evaluación del riesgo cardiovascular en hipertensos Avaliação do risco cardiovascular em hipertensos

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    Elaine Amaral de Paula

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: to assess cardiovascular risk by means of the traditional Framingham score and the version modified through the incorporation of emerging risk factors, such as family history of acute myocardial infarction, metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney disease. METHOD: participants were 50 hypertensive patients under outpatient treatment. The clinical data were collected through a semi-structured interview and the laboratory data from patients' histories. RESULTS: it was verified that the traditional Framingham score was predominantly low (74%, with 14% showing medium risk and 12% high risk. After the inclusion of emerging risk factors, the chance of a coronary event was low in 22% of the cases, medium in 56% and high in 22%. CONCLUSIONS: the comparison between the traditional Framingham risk score and the modified version demonstrated a significant difference in the cardiovascular risk classification, whose correlation shows discreet agreement between the two scales. Lifestyle elements seem to play a determinant role in the increase in cardiovascular risk levels. OBJETIVO: evaluar el riesgo cardiovascular utilizando el puntaje de Framingham tradicional y el modificado por la incorporación de factores de riesgo emergentes como historia familiar de infarto agudo del miocardio, síndrome metabólico y enfermedad renal crónica. MÉTODO: participaron 50 hipertensos que hacen tratamiento en ambulatorio. Los datos clínicos fueron obtenidos por medio de entrevista semiestructurada y los de laboratorio fueron obtenidos de fichas. RESULTADOS: se verificó que el puntaje de Framingham tradicional fue predominantemente bajo (74%, 14% presentó riesgo medio y 12% riesgo alto. Tras la inclusión de factores de riesgo emergentes, la probabilidad de ocurrir un evento coronario fue baja en 22% de los casos, media en 56% y alta en 22% de los casos. CONCLUSIONES: la comparación entre el puntaje de riesgo de Framingham tradicional y el modificado demostr

  17. Alterações cardiovasculares na síndrome da apnéia obstrutiva do sono Cardiovascular comorbidities and obstructive sleep apnea

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    Fátima Dumas Cintra

    2006-06-01

    Full Text Available A síndrome da apnéia obstrutiva do sono (SAHOS é uma condição prevalente na população, associada a maior risco cardiovascular, freqüentemente não-diagnosticada. O reconhecimento da síndrome requer alto grau de suspeita clínica, especialmente por cardiologistas, e pode ser confirmada por meio da polissonografia. O tratamento da síndrome com o uso de CPAP (pressão positiva na via aérea superior é altamente eficaz, melhorando o padrão respiratório durante o sono, instituindo o sono reparador e, dessa forma, otimizando a qualidade de vida desses pacientes, além de atenuar ou reverter muitas das complicações cardiovasculares relacionadas a SAHOS. Este artigo aborda a fisiopatologia e os aspectos clínicos das comorbidades cardiovasculares associadas à síndrome.Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS is a prevalent condition in the general population. It is associated with increased cardiovascular risk and often goes unrecognized. Its diagnose requires a high degree of clinical suspicion, particularly on the part of cardiologists, and it may be confirmed by polysomnography. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP therapy is highly effective, since it improves sleep breathing pattern, promotes restful sleep and thus enhances the quality of life of these patients, in addition to attenuating or reversing many cardiovascular complications related to OSAHS. This paper addresses the pathophysiology and clinical features of cardiovascular comorbidities associated with the syndrome.

  18. Factores de riesgo cardiovascular y estilos de vida de estudiantes universitarios / Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Lifestyle Habits in College Students / Fatores de risco cardiovascular e estilo de vida em estudantes universitários

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Clara Inés Padilla-García, Enf. Mg.

    2014-11-01

    Full Text Available Introducción: Se reconoce que los principales factores de riesgo de las enfermedades cardiovasculares son: la obesidad, la hipertensión arterial, el consumo de tabaco, la falta de actividad física y la alimentación poco saludable, entre otros. Las enfermedades cardiovasculares cada vez se hacen más frecuentes a temprana edad considerándose un problema de salud pública que afecta al sujeto que la padece, a su familia y al sistema de salud por el incremento de costos que acarrea al sistema. Objetivo: Determinar los factores de riesgo cardiovascular y los estilos de vida en estudiantes de una universidad privada de Bucaramanga, Colombia. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo observacional de carácter transversal. La muestra fue no asignada al azar sino por conveniencia, constituida por 323 estudiantes que participaron de una jornada de salud en una universidad privada de la ciudad de Bucaramanga, Colombia. Se administró un cuestionario que permitió valorar las características sociodemográficas, factores de riesgo cardiovascular y estilos de vida de los estudiantes universitarios. Resultados: La edad media de la población estudiada fue de 20 años, siendo el 73.7% mujeres y el 26.3% hombres. En general, el 13.8% de los estudiantes se encontraron con sobrepeso y el 5% en obesidad. El 1.9% presentó pre hipertensión sistólica y el 2.2% pre hipertensión diastólica. Por género, el 24.8% de las mujeres y 7.3% de hombres presentaron circunferencia abdominal en riesgo. De los estudiantes, el 49.8% tenían antecedentes familiares de enfermedad crónica. El 13% de los estudiantes señalaron haber sufrido de enfermedad crónica como diabetes, hipertensión y cardiopatía. Respecto a los estilos de vida, el 46.7% de los estudiantes refirieron consumir alcohol, el 9.28% tenían el hábito del consumo de tabaco y el 41.8% refirieron no tener actividad física durante la semana. Conclusiones: Existen factores de riesgo cardiovascular presentes en

  19. Manifestaciones cardiovasculares de anemia de células falciformes

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    Fernando Manzur

    2015-07-01

    Full Text Available La anemia de células falciformes es una hemoglobinopatía hereditaria producida por la presencia de hemoglobina S, que disminuye la solubilidad y a través del proceso de polimerización da lugar a hematíes en forma de hoz que obstruyen la red microvascular. Se caracteriza por episodios de daño por isquemia-reperfusión que contribuyen a la disfunción de órganos vitales. El advenimiento de la terapia inductora de hemoglobina fetal, asociada a la profilaxis antibiótica, ha permitido prolongar la supervivencia. Sin embargo, al incrementar la longevidad, las complicaciones cardiovasculares se hacen evidentes con el desarrollo de vasculopatía sistémica, infarto agudo de miocardio, hipertensión arterial pulmonar y disfunción ventricular. El objetivo de este artículo es revisar la fisiopatología y el tratamiento de las principales manifestaciones cardiovasculares en pacientes con anemia de células falciformes.

  20. Clinical application of RT-nested PCR integrated with RFLP in Hantavirus detection and genotyping: a prospective study in Shandong Province, PR China.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Liu, Yun-Xi; Zhao, Zhong-Tang; Cao, Wu-Chun; Xu, Xiao-Qun; Suo, Ji-Jiang; Xing, Yu-Bin; Jia, Ning; Du, Ming-Mei; Liu, Bo-Wei; Yao, Yuan

    2013-01-01

    The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical usefulness of applying RT-nested PCR along with RFLP as a method for diagnosis and genotypic differentiation of Hantavirus in the acute-stage sera of HFRS patients as compared to the ELISA technique. A prospective study of patients with suspected HFRS patients was carried out. Sera were collected for serological evaluation by ELISA and RT-nested PCR testing. Primers were selected from the published sequence of the S segment of HTNV strain 76-118 and SEOV strain SR-11, which made it possible to obtain an amplicon of 403 bp by RT-nested PCR. The genotypic differentiations of the RT-nested PCR amplicons were carried out by RFLP. Sequence analyses of the amplicons were used to confirm the accuracy of the results obtained by RFLP. Of the 48 acute-stage sera from suspected HFRS patients, 35 were ELISA-positive while 41 were positive by RT-nested PCR. With Hind III and Hinf I, RFLP profiles of the RT-nested PCR amplicons of the 41 positive sera exhibited two patterns. 33 had RFLP profiles similar to the reference strain R22, and thus belonged to the SEOV type. The other 8 samples which were collected during October-December had RFLP profiles similar to the reference strain 76-118, and thus belonged to the HTNV type. Sequence phylogenetic analysis of RT-nested PCR amplicons revealed sdp1, sdp2 YXL-2008, and sdp3 as close relatives of HTNV strain 76-118, while sdp22 and sdp37 as close relatives of SEOV strain Z37 and strain R22 located in two separate clusters in the phylogenetic tree. These results were identical to those acquired by RFLP. RT-nested PCR integrated with RFLP was a rapid, simple, accurate method for detecting and differentiating the genotypes of Hantavirus in the acute-stage sera of suspected HFRS patients. In Shandong province, the main genotypes of Hantavirus belonged to the SEOV types, while the HTNV types were observed during the autumn-winter season.

  1. The Andes hantavirus NSs protein is expressed from the viral small mRNA by a leaky scanning mechanism.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vera-Otarola, Jorge; Solis, Loretto; Soto-Rifo, Ricardo; Ricci, Emiliano P; Pino, Karla; Tischler, Nicole D; Ohlmann, Théophile; Darlix, Jean-Luc; López-Lastra, Marcelo

    2012-02-01

    The small mRNA (SmRNA) of all Bunyaviridae encodes the nucleocapsid (N) protein. In 4 out of 5 genera in the Bunyaviridae, the smRNA encodes an additional nonstructural protein denominated NSs. In this study, we show that Andes hantavirus (ANDV) SmRNA encodes an NSs protein. Data show that the NSs protein is expressed in the context of an ANDV infection. Additionally, our results suggest that translation initiation from the NSs initiation codon is mediated by ribosomal subunits that have bypassed the upstream N protein initiation codon through a leaky scanning mechanism.

  2. Hospitalizações por causas respiratórias e cardiovasculares associadas à contaminação atmosférica no Município de São Paulo, Brasil Respiratory and cardiovascular hospitalizations associated with air pollution in the city of São Paulo, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nelson Gouveia

    2006-12-01

    Full Text Available A constatação de que os atuais níveis de poluição atmosférica são suficientes para causar danos à saúde torna imprescindível a definição de processos reguladores para a qualidade do ar. Este estudo analisa a associação entre exposição à poluição atmosférica e internações hospitalares no Município de São Paulo, Brasil, visando subsidiar a elaboração de medidas para redução dos riscos à saúde. Realizou-se um estudo ecológico de séries temporais, analisando hospitalizações por causas respiratórias e cardiovasculares em crianças e idosos em relação aos níveis diários observados de poluentes, por meio de modelos aditivos generalizados em regressão de Poison. Todos os poluentes, com exceção do ozônio, apresentaram associação significante com internações respiratórias e cardiovasculares. Um aumento de 10µg/m³ no nível de material particulado inalável associa-se ao incremento de 4,6% nas internações por asma em crianças, de 4,3% por doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica em idosos e de 1,5% por doença isquêmica do coração também em idosos. Essas associações entre aumento no nível de poluentes na atmosfera e o aumento de hospitalizações estão de acordo com a literatura nacional e internacional sobre o assunto e indicam que os níveis atuais de contaminação do ar no Município de São Paulo têm impacto na saúde de sua população.The recognition that current air pollution levels cause harmful health effects makes the definition of the air quality regulatory process imperative. This study examines the association between exposure to air pollution and hospital admissions in the city of São Paulo, aiming to support the development of measures to reduce such health risks. The authors conducted an ecological time series study of hospital admissions for respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in children and the elderly in relation to daily air pollution levels, using generalized additive

  3. High-resolution computed tomography findings in eight patients with hantavirus pulmonary syndrome

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Barbosa, Diego de Lacerda; Hochhegger, Bruno; Souza Junior, Arthur Soares; Zanetti, Glaucia; Escuissato, Dante Luiz; Meirelles, Gustavo de Souza Portes; Funari, Marcelo Buarque de Gusmao; Marchiori, Edson, E-mail: edmarchiori@gmail.com [Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Santa Casa de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS (Brazil); Faculdade de Medicina de Sao Jose do Rio Preto (FAMERP), SP (Brazil); Ultra X, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, SP (Brazil); Universidade Federal do Parana (UFPR), Curitiba, PR (Brazil); Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Grupo Fleury, Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Universidade de Sao Paulo (FM/USP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Medicina

    2017-05-15

    Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings in patients with hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed HRCT findings from eight cases of HPS. All patients were men, aged 19-70 (mean, 41.7) years. Diagnoses were established by serological test (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) in all patients. Two chest radiologists analyzed the images and reached decisions by consensus. Results: The predominant HRCT findings were ground-glass opacities (GGOs) and smooth inter- and intralobular septal thickening, found in all eight cases; however, the crazy-paving pattern was found in only three cases. Pleural effusion and peribronchovascular thickening were observed in five patients. The abnormalities were bilateral in all patients. Conclusion: The predominant HRCT findings in patients with HPS were GGOs and smooth inter- and intralobular septal thickening, which probably correlate with the histopathologic findings of pulmonary edema. (author)

  4. High-resolution computed tomography findings in eight patients with hantavirus pulmonary syndrome

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Barbosa, Diego de Lacerda; Hochhegger, Bruno; Souza Junior, Arthur Soares; Zanetti, Glaucia; Escuissato, Dante Luiz; Meirelles, Gustavo de Souza Portes; Funari, Marcelo Buarque de Gusmao; Marchiori, Edson; Santa Casa de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS; Faculdade de Medicina de Sao Jose do Rio Preto; Ultra X, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, SP; Universidade Federal do Parana; Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo; Grupo Fleury, Sao Paulo, SP; Universidade de Sao Paulo

    2017-01-01

    Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings in patients with hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed HRCT findings from eight cases of HPS. All patients were men, aged 19-70 (mean, 41.7) years. Diagnoses were established by serological test (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) in all patients. Two chest radiologists analyzed the images and reached decisions by consensus. Results: The predominant HRCT findings were ground-glass opacities (GGOs) and smooth inter- and intralobular septal thickening, found in all eight cases; however, the crazy-paving pattern was found in only three cases. Pleural effusion and peribronchovascular thickening were observed in five patients. The abnormalities were bilateral in all patients. Conclusion: The predominant HRCT findings in patients with HPS were GGOs and smooth inter- and intralobular septal thickening, which probably correlate with the histopathologic findings of pulmonary edema. (author)

  5. Hábito de fumar: Repercusión sobre el aparato cardiovascular Smoking: Repercussion on the cardiovascular system

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alejandro Fadragas Fernández

    2005-08-01

    Full Text Available Nos propusimos revisar la literatura más actualizada, para dar a conocer la magnitud de este nocivo hábito, alarmados ante la terrible realidad de saber que el tabaco causa 1 muerte cada 10 s, según un informe publicado recientemente por la Organización Mundial de la Salud. El tabaquismo provoca 3 500 000 muertes anuales y ocasiona enfermedades cardiovasculares y cerebrovasculares. El objetivo de esta revisión bibliográfica es realizar una actualización de este tema, haciendo mayor énfasis en la repercusión del hábito de fumar en el aparato cardiovascular. Como resultado de esta revisión encontramos que el hábito de fumar constituye un factor de riesgo de enfermedades cardiovasculares, donde las lesiones ateroscleróticas se presentan en un porcentaje elevado de los pacientes que fallecen por esta causa, y es a su vez, factor importante en la aparición de otras enfermedades, como son: la hipertensión arterial, la cardiopatía isquémica y las enfermedades cerebrovasculares.Summary We propose ourselves to review the most updated literature to make known the magnitude of this harmful habit, alarmed by the terrible reality to know that tobbaco causes a death per 10 s, according to a report recently published by the World Health Organization. Smoking produces 3 500 000 deaths a year and brings about cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The purpose of this bibliographic review is to update this topic, making emphasis on the repercussion of smoking on the cardiovascular system. As a result of this review, we found that smoking is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, where the atherosclerotic lesions are present in an elevated percentage of the patients dying for this cause, and that it is at the same time an important factor in the appearance of other diseases, such as arterial hypertension, ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular diseases.

  6. Síndrome metabólico y preeclampsia: los aportes realizados por el Instituto de Investigaciones de la Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia Metabolic syndrome and pre-eclampsia: contributions realized by the research Institute of the Colombian Cardiovascular Foundation

    OpenAIRE

    Patricio López-Jaramillo; Federico Silva; Paul A Camacho; Lina P Pradilla; Ronald García; Christian Rueda-Clausen; Yalil Bracho; Sandra Silva; Ligia Rueda; Narella Rodríguez; Juan G Zarruk; Mayaris Mendoza; Mario Arenas; William Arenas; Isabel C Bolívar

    2006-01-01

    Durante los últimos años, el Instituto de Investigaciones de la Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia ha centrado sus proyectos en el estudio de las diferencias en los mecanismos etiofisiopatológicos de la hipertensión inducida por el embarazo y del síndrome metabólico en poblaciones de países desarrollados y en vía de desarrollo, así como en el peso específico de los factores de riesgo que determinan la presentación de estas enfermedades. Los resultados obtenidos de las investigaciones realiz...

  7. Mortalidade por doenças cardiorrespiratórias em idosos no estado de Mato Grosso, 1986 a 2006

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cleber Nascimento do Carmo

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Descrever a evolução temporal da mortalidade por doenças cardiorrespiratórias em idosos. MÉTODOS: Estudo epidemiológico descritivo com delineamento ecológico de séries temporais realizado no estado do Mato Grosso, de 1986 a 2006. Foram utilizados dados sobre doenças dos aparelhos respiratório e circulatório obtidos do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade do Ministério da Saúde. Modelos de regressão linear simples foram ajustados para avaliar a tendência das taxas específicas de mortalidade por grupos específicos de idade (60 a 69, 70 a 79 e 80 ou mais anos e sexo. RESULTADOS: Houve aumento na proporção de óbitos por doenças respiratórias e diminuição por doenças cardiovasculares. Na comparação de taxas entre os sexos, as mulheres apresentaram taxas 15% menores para as causas cardiovasculares e taxas similares ao sexo masculino para as causas respiratórias. Foi observada taxa elevada de mortalidade por doenças respiratórias e cardiovasculares, com importante tendência de incremento entre os grupos mais longevos. Em idosos com idade > 80 anos o aumento anual médio na taxa de mortalidade por doenças respiratórias foi de 1,99 óbitos e de 3,43 por doenças do aparelho circulatório. CONCLUSÕES: O estado de Mato Grosso apresenta elevada taxa de mortalidade por doenças respiratórias e cardiovasculares em idosos, com importante tendência de incremento entre os grupos mais longevos.

  8. ASOCIACIÓN ENTRE LA AGRUPACIÓN (CLUSTERING DE FACTORES DE RIESGO CARDIOVASCULAR Y EL RIESGO DE ENFERMEDAD CARDIOVASCULAR

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Miguel Baena Díez

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available Fundamento: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares constituyen la principal causa de mortalidad en España. El objetivo del estudio es estudiar la asociación entre la agrupación (clustering de factores de riesgo cardiovascular y el riesgo de padecer eventos cardiovasculares mayores: cardiopatía isquémica, enfermedad cerebrovascular y arteriopatía periférica de extremidades inferiores. Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal, realizado en un centro de salud urbano. Se estudiaron 2.248 historias clínicas de personas con edad igual o superior a 15 años, seleccionadas mediante muestreo aleatorio simple. Los datos se obtuvieron por revisión de las historias clínicas, estimando la odds ratio (OR para padecer algún evento cardiovascular (n = 224, cardiopatía isquémica (n = 123, enfermedad cerebrovascular (n = 84 y arteriopatía periférica (n = 55 respecto al número de factores de riesgo cardiovascular. Se incluyeron los factores de riesgo cardiovascular tabaquismo, hipertensión arterial, hipercolesterolemia, hipertrigliceridemia, diabetes y obesidad. La OR fue ajustada por edad y sexo. Resultados: El porcentaje de pacientes con 0,1, 2, 3 y 4-6 factores de riesgo cardiovascular fue de 39,1, 32,8, 17,5, 6,9 y 3,7 respectivamente. Las OR para el riesgo de tener algún evento cardiovascular asociada a 1, 2, 3 y 4-6 factores de riesgo cardiovascular fueron de 1,6 (IC95%: 0,9-2,7, 2,8 (IC95%: 1,7-4,7, 3,6 (IC95%: 1,9-6,5 y 5,6 (IC95%: 2,9-10,8, respectivamente. Las OR para la cardiopatía isquémica, asociada a los mismos niveles de riesgo, fueron de 2,3 (IC95%: 1,1-4,6, 2,5 (IC95%: 1,2-5,2, 5,3 (IC95%: 2,4-11,5 y 6,2 (IC95%: 2,7-14,3, respectivamente. Para la enfermedad cerebrovascular las OR fueron 1,1 (IC95%: 0,5-2,5, 2,3 (IC95%: 1,2-5,3, 2,4 (IC95%: 1,0-5,9 y 5,6 (IC95%: 2,2-14,1, respectivamente. Las OR para la arteriopatía periférica fueron 2,1 (IC95%: 0,8-5,9 , 3,7 (IC95%: 1,3-10,5, 3,3 (IC95%: 1,0-11,1 y 6,1 (IC95%: 1

  9. Doença cardiovascular e fatores de risco cardiovascular em candidatos a transplante renal Cardiovascular disease and risk factors in candidates for renal transplantation

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luís Henrique Wolff Gowdak

    2005-02-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Determinar a prevalência de doença cardiovascular (DCV e de fatores de risco tradicionais em portadores de insuficiência renal crônica em avaliação para inclusão em lista para transplante renal. MÉTODOS: Foram submetidos à avaliação clínica e exames complementares 195 pacientes com insuficiência renal crônica dialítica e comparados a grupo de 334 hipertensos pareados por idade. As equações de Framingham foram usadas para o cálculo do risco absoluto (RA; o risco relativo (RR foi calculado tendo como referência o risco absoluto da coorte de baixo risco de Framingham. RESULTADOS: Do total, 37% apresentaram algum tipo de doença cardiovascular na avaliação inicial, sendo que arteriopatia obstrutiva (23% foi a mais prevalente. Excluídos os pacientes com doença cardiovascular, em relação aos fatores de risco tradicionais, houve diferença significativa quanto à pressão arterial sistólica e colesterol total (maiores no grupo de hipertensos e às prevalências de homens, diabetes e tabagismo, maiores no grupo de insuficiência renal crônica, que apresentou maior grau de hipertrofia ventricular esquerda, menor pressão arterial diastólica e menor prevalência de história familiar de doença cardiovascular e obesidade. O risco relativo para doença cardiovascular dos pacientes com insuficiência renal crônica foi mais elevado em relação à população controle de Framingham porém não diferiu da observada no grupo de hipertensos. CONCLUSÃO: Em candidatos a transplante renal é significativa a prevalência de doença cardiovascular e de fatores de risco tradicionais; as equações de Framingham não quantificam adequadamente o risco cardiovascular real e outros fatores de risco específicos desta população devem contribuir para o maior risco cardiovascular.OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD and traditional risk factors in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing

  10. Consequências cardiovasculares na SAOS Cardiovascular consequences of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

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    Geraldo Lorenzi Filho

    2010-06-01

    Full Text Available Uma condição clínica muito comum é SAOS, que está associada a várias doenças cardiovasculares, incluindo hipertensão arterial sistêmica, fibrilação atrial e aterosclerose. A associação entre SAOS e doença cardiovascular não é somente uma consequência da sobreposição de fatores de risco, incluindo obesidade, sedentarismo, ser do sexo masculino e ter idade maior. Existem evidências crescentes de que SAOS contribui de forma independente para o aparecimento e a progressão de várias doenças cardiovasculares. Os mecanismos pelos quais SAOS pode afetar o sistema cardiovascular são múltiplos e incluem a ativação do sistema nervoso simpático, inflamação sistêmica, resistência a insulina e geração de estresse oxidativo. Existem evidências que o tratamento de SAOS com CPAP pode reduzir a pressão arterial, sinais precoces de aterosclerose, risco de recorrência de fibrilação atrial e mortalidade, principalmente por acidente vascular cerebral e infarto agudo do miocárdio, em pacientes com SAOS grave.Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS is a common condition associated with various cardiovascular diseases, including systemic arterial hypertension, atrial fibrillation, and atherosclerosis. The association between OSAS and cardiovascular disease has been related to the overlapping of risk factors, including obesity, having a sedentary lifestyle, being male, and being older. However, there is mounting evidence that OSAS can also independently contribute to the development and progression of various cardiovascular diseases. The mechanisms by which OSAS can affect the cardiovascular system are multiple, including the activation of the sympathetic nervous system, systemic inflammation, insulin resistance, and oxidative stress. There is also evidence that the treatment of OSAS with CPAP can reduce arterial blood pressure, early signs of atherosclerosis, the risk of atrial fibrillation recurrence, and mortality (principally

  11. Adipocitos, obesidad visceral, inflamación y enfermedad cardiovascular

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    Fernando Manzur, MD.,FACC.

    2010-09-01

    Full Text Available La obesidad es un importante problema de salud a nivel mundial. Se considera el resultado de la combinación de factores genéticos, alimentación inadecuada y falta de actividad física regular. La ingestión de una dieta de alta densidad energética, es la principal causa de obesidad visceral o central, ya que el exceso de energía se almacena en los adipocitos, que aumentan en tamaño y en número, o ambos, en especial los viscerales, produciendo un incremento en la tasa de lipólisis, que a su vez, estimula la secreción de citoquinas por leucocitos, macrófagos y adipocitos, y conduce a estado proinflamatorio, resistencia a la insulina y disfunción endotelial. Esta última, favorecida por el proceso inflamatorio, puede ser el vínculo de unión entre la obesidad y la enfermedad cardiovascular. Así, la disfunción del tejido adiposo representa el mecanismo etiopatogénico en el desarrollo de enfermedad cardiovascular, iniciado por la obesidad visceral.

  12. Mortalidade por doenças cardiorrespiratórias em idosos no estado de Mato Grosso, 1986 a 2006 Mortalidad por enfermedades cardiorrespiratorias en ancianos en el Estado de Mato Grosso, 1996 a 2006 Mortality due to cardiorespiratory diseases in elderly people in Mato Grosso state, 1986 to 2006

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cleber Nascimento do Carmo

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Descrever a evolução temporal da mortalidade por doenças cardiorrespiratórias em idosos. MÉTODOS: Estudo epidemiológico descritivo com delineamento ecológico de séries temporais realizado no estado do Mato Grosso, de 1986 a 2006. Foram utilizados dados sobre doenças dos aparelhos respiratório e circulatório obtidos do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade do Ministério da Saúde. Modelos de regressão linear simples foram ajustados para avaliar a tendência das taxas específicas de mortalidade por grupos específicos de idade (60 a 69, 70 a 79 e 80 ou mais anos e sexo. RESULTADOS: Houve aumento na proporção de óbitos por doenças respiratórias e diminuição por doenças cardiovasculares. Na comparação de taxas entre os sexos, as mulheres apresentaram taxas 15% menores para as causas cardiovasculares e taxas similares ao sexo masculino para as causas respiratórias. Foi observada taxa elevada de mortalidade por doenças respiratórias e cardiovasculares, com importante tendência de incremento entre os grupos mais longevos. Em idosos com idade > 80 anos o aumento anual médio na taxa de mortalidade por doenças respiratórias foi de 1,99 óbitos e de 3,43 por doenças do aparelho circulatório. CONCLUSÕES: O estado de Mato Grosso apresenta elevada taxa de mortalidade por doenças respiratórias e cardiovasculares em idosos, com importante tendência de incremento entre os grupos mais longevos.OBJETIVO: Describir la evolución temporal de la mortalidad por enfermedades cardiorrespiratorias en ancianos. MÉTODOS: Estudio epidemiológico descriptivo con delineamiento ecológico de series temporales realizado en el Estado de Mato Grosso, Centro-Oeste de Brasil, de 1986 a 2006. Se utilizaron datos sobre enfermedades de los aparatos respiratorio y circulatorio obtenidos del Sistema de Información sobre Mortalidad del Ministerio de la Salud. Modelos de regresión lineal simple fueron ajustados para evaluar la

  13. Factores de riesgo cardiovasculares e hiperreactividad cardiovascular en jóvenes venezolanos

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    Sady Montes Amador

    2015-07-01

    Full Text Available Fundamento: la hiperreactividad cardiovascular en los jóvenes se ha asociado a diferentes factores de riesgo y a la historia familiar de hipertensión arterial. Objetivo: determinar la asociación entre la historia familiar de hipertensión y los factores de riesgo cardiovasculares, con el estado de hiperreactividad cardiovascular. Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, correlacional y de corte transversal con un universo de 77 jóvenes entre 18 y 40 años, de la parroquia Churuguara, Estado Falcón en Venezuela. Se analizaron como variables: edad, sexo, color de la piel, antecedentes familiares de hipertensión arterial, antecedentes personales de hipertensión arterial y de diabetes mellitus, ingestión de bebidas alcohólicas y de sal, actividad física e índice de masa corporal. Se determinaron como variables hemodinámicas: presión arterial diastólica, presión arterial sistólica, antes y después de la respuesta presora desencadenada por la aplicación un ejercicio isométrico Resultados: el 13 % de los individuos presentó reactividad vascular ante la prueba del peso sostenido. Es tres veces mayor la hiperreactividad cardiovascular en las personas con historia familiar de hipertensión arterial, el 60 % de las personas con un índice de masa corporal mayor o igual a 27 kg/m2 son hiperreactivos cardiovasculares, en la medida que se ingiere más alcohol aumenta la respuesta cardiovascular a la prueba del peso sostenido, son hiperreactivos el 33,3 % de los que fuman. Conclusión: existe una asociación significativa entre la historia familiar de hipertensión arterial, la obesidad, la ingestión de sal, el consumo de bebidas alcohólicas y la hiperreactividad vascular.

  14. Comorbilidad y riesgo cardiovascular en sujetos con primer diagnóstico de hipercolesterolemia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ignacio Párraga Martínez

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Fundamento, Para un adecuado abordaje de los sujetos en los que se identifica por primera vez la presencia de hipercolesterolemia es importante considerar simultáneamente tanto sus factores de riesgo cardiovascular como la presencia de otras enfermedades. El objetivo de nuestro estudio es describir el perfil lipídico de los sujetos en los que por primera vez se detecta hipercolesterolemia y determinar su riesgo cardiovascular y comorbilidad. Métodos, Estudio observacional transversal realizado en 274 sujetos en los que se identificó un nivel de colesterol plasmático >200 mg/dl (hipercolesterolemia "límite", seleccionados mediante muestreo consecutivo. Se evaluó perfil lipídico, factores de riesgo cardiovascular y riesgo cardiovascular (SCORE e índice aterógénico de Castelli, comorbilidad(Índice de Charlson y características sociodemográficas. Resultados, El nivel medio de colesterol fue de 232,9 mg/dl. Se observó hipercolesterolemia "definida" (> 250 mg/dl en el 21,1% (IC95%, 16,2-26,1. El 9,5% mostró un riesgo cardiovascular > 5%. El cociente lipoprotéico colesterol total/colesterol HDL fue superior en hombres queen mujeres (4,4 vs 3,8 (p 1 (4,1 vs 3,9 p=0,04, en fumadores (4,3 vs 3,9 (p=0,04 y en sujetos hipertensos (4,2 vs 3,9,(p=0,03, obesos (4,2 vs 3,7 ( p<0,05 o con síndrome metabólico (4,4 vs 3,9 ( p=0,02. Se observó mayor proporción de sujetos con riesgo cardiovascular moderado/alto o enfermedad cardiovascular entre los que presentaban comorbilidad (87,3% vs 42,3% (p<0,01. Conclusiones, Más de la tercera parte de los sujetos en los que se identifica por primera vez hipercolesterolemia "límite" presenta comorbilidad, tratándose de hipercolesterolemia "definida" en el 21,1%. Considerando la función Score, uno de cada 10 pacientes presenta riesgo elevado de mortalidad cardiovascular después de 10 años. Tanto el cociente lipoprotéico como el cardiovascular son claramente superiores en sujetos que presentan

  15. Hipertrofia ventricular e mortalidade cardiovascular em pacientes de hemodiálise de baixo nível educacional

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rosana dos Santos e Silva Martin

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: A hipertrofia ventricular esquerda é potente preditor de mortalidade em renais crônicos. Estudo prévio de nosso grupo mostrou que renais crônicos com menor escolaridade têm hipertrofia ventricular mais intensa. OBJETIVO: Ampliar estudo prévio e verificar se a hipertrofia ventricular esquerda pode justificar a associação entre escolaridade e mortalidade cardiovascular de pacientes em hemodiálise. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 113 pacientes entre janeiro de 2005 e março de 2008 e seguidos até outubro de 2010. Foram traçadas curvas de sobrevida comparando a mortalidade cardiovascular, e por todas as causas dos pacientes com escolaridade de até três anos (mediana da escolaridade e pacientes com escolaridade igual ou superior a quatro anos. Foram construídos modelos múltiplos de Cox ajustados para as variáveis de confusão. RESULTADOS: Observou-se associação entre nível de escolaridade e hipertrofia ventricular. A diferença estatística de mortalidade de origem cardiovascular e por todas as causas entre os diferentes níveis de escolaridade ocorreu aos cinco anos e meio de seguimento. No modelo de Cox, a hipertrofia ventricular e a proteína-C reativa associaram-se à mortalidade por todas as causas e de origem cardiovascular. A etiologia da insuficiência renal associou-se à mortalidade por todas as causas e a creatinina associou-se à mortalidade de origem cardiovascular. A associação entre escolaridade e mortalidade perdeu significância estatística no modelo ajustado. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados do presente trabalho confirmam estudo prévio e demonstram, ademais, que a maior mortalidade cardiovascular observada nos pacientes com menor escolaridade pôde ser explicada por fatores de risco de ordem bioquímica e de morfologia cardíaca.

  16. Asociación entre la agrupación (clustering de factores de riesgo cardiovascular y el riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular

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    Baena Díez José Miguel

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available Fundamento: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares constituyen la principal causa de mortalidad en España. El objetivo del estudio es estudiar la asociación entre la agrupación (clustering de factores de riesgo cardiovascular y el riesgo de padecer eventos cardiovasculares mayores: cardiopatía isquémica, enfermedad cerebrovascular y arteriopatía periférica de extremidades inferiores. Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal, realizado en un centro de salud urbano. Se estudiaron 2.248 historias clínicas de personas con edad igual o superior a 15 años, seleccionadas mediante muestreo aleatorio simple. Los datos se obtuvieron por revisión de las historias clínicas, estimando la odds ratio (OR para padecer algún evento cardiovascular (n = 224, cardiopatía isquémica (n = 123, enfermedad cerebrovascular (n = 84 y arteriopatía periférica (n = 55 respecto al número de factores de riesgo cardiovascular. Se incluyeron los factores de riesgo cardiovascular tabaquismo, hipertensión arterial, hipercolesterolemia, hipertrigliceridemia, diabetes y obesidad. La OR fue ajustada por edad y sexo. Resultados: El porcentaje de pacientes con 0,1, 2, 3 y 4-6 factores de riesgo cardiovascular fue de 39,1, 32,8, 17,5, 6,9 y 3,7 respectivamente. Las OR para el riesgo de tener algún evento cardiovascular asociada a 1, 2, 3 y 4-6 factores de riesgo cardiovascular fueron de 1,6 (IC95%: 0,9-2,7, 2,8 (IC95%: 1,7-4,7, 3,6 (IC95%: 1,9-6,5 y 5,6 (IC95%: 2,9-10,8, respectivamente. Las OR para la cardiopatía isquémica, asociada a los mismos niveles de riesgo, fueron de 2,3 (IC95%: 1,1-4,6, 2,5 (IC95%: 1,2-5,2, 5,3 (IC95%: 2,4-11,5 y 6,2 (IC95%: 2,7-14,3, respectivamente. Para la enfermedad cerebrovascular las OR fueron 1,1 (IC95%: 0,5-2,5, 2,3 (IC95%: 1,2-5,3, 2,4 (IC95%: 1,0-5,9 y 5,6 (IC95%: 2,2-14,1, respectivamente. Las OR para la arteriopatía periférica fueron 2,1 (IC95%: 0,8-5,9 , 3,7 (IC95%: 1,3-10,5, 3,3 (IC95%: 1,0-11,1 y 6,1 (IC95%: 1

  17. Síndrome Metabólico y Riesgo Cardiovascular.

    OpenAIRE

    Julio César Fernández-Travieso

    2016-01-01

    El síndrome metabólico (SM) se define como el conjunto de factores de riesgo cardiovascular constituido por obesidad de distribución central, dislipidemia caracterizada por elevación de las concentraciones de triglicéridos y disminución de las concentraciones de colesterol unido a lipoproteínas de alta densidad (HDL-C), anormalidades en el metabolismo de la glucosa e hipertensión arterial, estrechamente asociado a resistencia a la insulina. El SM se considera como predictor de morbilidad y mo...

  18. Estado actual de la rehabilitación cardiovascular en Colombia (2010 Current status of cardiovascular rehabilitation in Colombia (2010

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Claudia V Anchique

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available INTRODUCCIÓN: las enfermedades cardiovasculares representan la primera causa de morbimortalidad en muchos países del mundo, entre los que se incluye Colombia. Es así como la rehabilitación cardiovascular se convierte en una estrategia de prevención secundaria con intervención integral y costo-efectiva para este tipo de pacientes. OBJETIVO: evaluar la situación actual de los programas de Rehabilitación Cardiovascular en Colombia. MÉTODOS: estudio descriptivo, realizado por medio de un cuestionario escrito, aplicado al coordinador y/o responsable de cada programa de Rehabilitación Cardiovascular del país. ANÁLISIS DE RESULTADOS: 44 de 49 centros contactados respondieron el cuestionario. 88,6% de los programas pertenece a la red privada y 6,8% a la pública; 75% funciona dentro de un hospital o clínica y 25% son extra hospitalarios. La enfermedad coronaria es la principal patología que genera la remisión de los pacientes a los centros de rehabilitación cardiovascular. El recurso humano es variable en cuanto a su conformación, permanencia y actividades al interior del programa. Todos los centros realizan la fase II, seguida por las fases III (84,1%, I (70,5% y IV (45,5%. 58% de los programas siempre incluye pruebas diagnósticas de factores de riesgo convencionales (colesterol total y fracciones, triglicéridos y glicemia; 97,7% de los programas refiere evaluar al paciente de manera integral con la inclusión de aspectos de actividad física y nutrición; sin embargo, se evidencia menor porcentaje de implementación del manejo del tabaquismo (45,5%, así como de programas de salud cardiovascular en la mujer (15,95%, prevención cardiovascular para la comunidad (18,2%, pruebas para detección de depresión (25%, apnea del sueño (0% y caminata de seis minutos (65,9%. La principal barrera detectada en la atención de pacientes corresponde a la falta de remisión por parte del médico tratante (65,9%. CONCLUSIóN: el desarrollo de los

  19. Nutrição e excesso de massa corporal: fatores de risco cardiovascular em adolescentes Nutrition and excess body mass: cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents

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    Ana Lúcia Viégas Rêgo

    2006-12-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Verificar a freqüência de hipertensão arterial, sedentarismo e consumo alimentar inadequado em adolescentes com excesso de massa corporal. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com 56 adolescentes, sendo 21 meninos e 35 meninas, entre 10 e 19 anos. As variáveis foram: sexo, idade, peso, estatura, índice de massa corporal, classificação nutricional, hipertensão arterial, atividade física e consumo alimentar de risco cardiovascular. Avaliou-se o consumo alimentar com questionário que estabelece consumo de risco cardiovascular entre adolescentes por categorias de consumo, segundo pontuações por quantidades e freqüência consumida. Do questionário originaram-se as variáveis categorias de consumo e pontuações. Aplicou-se correlação de Spearman entre índice de massa corporal, idade e pontuação de consumo. Por teste "t" de Student compararam-se entre os sexos as médias de índice de massa corporal, idade, massa corporal, estatura e pontuação de consumo, e por qui-quadrado as freqüências por presença e ausência de hipertensão arterial, prática de atividade física e categorias de consumo. Com teste Kruskal-Wallis, analisou-se a variância da pontuação de consumo entre grupos. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferenças estatísticas entre os sexos para atividade física (p=0,68, hipertensão arterial (p=0,94, excesso de massa corporal (p=0,31 e categorias de consumo (p=0,53. O índice de massa corporal não se correlacionou com a idade (r=0,20 e p=0,14 e a pontuação de consumo (r=-0,06 e p=0,60. Não houve diferença estatística (p=0,19 na pontuação do consumo por grupos. CONCLUSÃO: Os adolescentes não apresentaram distinções por sexo quanto à prevalência de hipertensão arterial, sedentarismo e consumo alimentar de risco cardiovascular, embora as meninas apresentassem maior freqüência desses fatores quando agrupados.OBJECTIVE: To assess the frequency of arterial hypertension, inactivity and inadequate food intake

  20. Cambios en los volúmenes pulmonares durante el ejercicio en pacientes con patología cardiovascular

    OpenAIRE

    Pérez, Federico

    2012-01-01

    Las enfermedades cardiovasculares son la principal causa de muerte en Argentina y el mundo. Cada año mueren más personas por enfermedades cardiovasculares que por cualquier otra causa. Las causas de estas patologías están bien definidas y conocidas, donde las más importantes constituyen los llamados "factores de riesgo modificables" y son: dieta malsana, inactividad física y consumo de tabaco. Esto demanda una mayor incumbencia de los profesionales de la salud, desde el ámbito preventivo, ter...

  1. Prevalencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular en una población peruana de pacientes con infección por el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana en terapia antiretroviral de gran actividad

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    Germán Valenzuela Rodriguez

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular en una cohorte de pacientes con infección por el VIH que recibían terapia antiretroviral de gran actividad (TARGA. Material y métodos: Llevamos a cabo un estudio prospectivo observacional entre los meses de enero a abril del 2006 en pacientes que acudían a consulta ambulatoria del Hospital Rebagliati-ESSALUD-Perú. Resultados: En 276 pacientes encontramos una prevalencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular como sigue: hipertensión en 3,26%, diabetes mellitus en 1,81%, dislipidemia en 34,05%, tabaquismo en 3,96%, y obesidad en 4,71%. Solo se encontró niveles mayores de colesterol total y triglicéridos en el grupo que recibía inhibidores de proteasa (p<0,05. El 4,16% de esta población tuvo una puntuación de riesgo cardiovascular elevada de acuerdo a la puntuación de Framinghan. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular en nuestra cohorte fue baja con excepción de la prevalencia de dislipidemia, encontrándose diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la subpoblación de pacientes que recibían inhibidores de proteasa los cuales tuvieron niveles mayores de colesterol total y triglicéridos.(Rev Med Hered 2007;18:10-14.

  2. Alterações metabólicas, terapia antirretroviral e doença cardiovascular em idosos portadores de HIV Alteraciones metabólicas, terapia antirretroviral y enfermedad cardiovascular en adultos mayores portadores de VIH Metabolic abnormalities, antiretroviral therapy and cardiovascular disease in elderly patients with HIV

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    Andréa Sebben Kramer

    2009-11-01

    Full Text Available Um dos fenômenos mais atuais da síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida (AIDS é o surgimento de uma nova população vulnerável: os idosos. Um dos fatores responsáveis por este aumento é o desenvolvimento da terapia antirretroviral combinada (TARV, que tem proporcionado uma melhor qualidade e expectativa de vida do portador de HIV. Entretanto, a TARV está associada a efeitos adversos como dislipidemia, diabete melito e resistência à insulina, os quais se constituem como fatores de risco para doença cardiovascular. Com o impacto da TARV no metabolismo glicídico e lipídico, surgiram muitos estudos associando a infecção pelo HIV e a doença cardiovascular, assim como, os seus fatores de risco e a utilização da TARV, porém, poucos deles relatam sobre a cardiotoxicidade desta Terapia em idosos. Este artigo tem o objetivo de revisar as principais alterações metabólicas causadas pelo uso da terapia antirretroviral e o seu impacto no aumento do risco de doenças cardiovasculares nos idosos portadores de HIV.Uno de los fenómenos más actuales del síndrome de la inmunodeficiencia adquirida (SIDA es el surgimiento de una nueva población vulnerable: los adultos mayores. Uno de los factores responsables de este incremento es el desarrollo de la terapia antirretroviral combinada (TARV, que ha proporcionado una mejor calidad y expectativa de vida del portador de VIH. Sin embargo, la TARV está asociada a efectos adversos como dislipidemia, diabetes melito y resistencia a la insulina, los que se constituyen como factores de enfermedad para riesgo cardiovascular. Con el impacto de la TARV en el metabolismo glucídico y lipídico, surgieron muchos estudios asociando la infección por el riesgo y la enfermedad cardiovascular, así como, sus factores de VIH y la utilización de la TARV, sin embargo, pocos de ellos relatan sobre la cardiotoxicidad de esta terapia en adultos mayores. Este artículo tiene por objeto revisar las principales

  3. Desigualdades socioeconómicas y diferencias según sexo y edad en los factores de riesgo cardiovascular

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    Ángel A. López-González

    2015-01-01

    Conclusiones: Las desigualdades por clase social en los factores riesgo cardiovascular fueron mayores entre las mujeres que entre los hombres. Algunos factores de riesgo cardiovascular, como el tabaquismo y la obesidad, presentan desigualdades importantes en etapas muy tempranas de la vida.

  4. An amino-terminal segment of hantavirus nucleocapsid protein presented on hepatitis B virus core particles induces a strong and highly cross-reactive antibody response in mice

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Geldmacher, Astrid; Skrastina, Dace; Petrovskis, Ivars; Borisova, Galina; Berriman, John A.; Roseman, Alan M.; Crowther, R. Anthony; Fischer, Jan; Musema, Shamil; Gelderblom, Hans R.; Lundkvist, Aake; Renhofa, Regina; Ose, Velta; Krueger, Detlev H.; Pumpens, Paul; Ulrich, Rainer

    2004-01-01

    Previously, we have demonstrated that hepatitis B virus (HBV) core particles tolerate the insertion of the amino-terminal 120 amino acids (aa) of the Puumala hantavirus nucleocapsid (N) protein. Here, we demonstrate that the insertion of 120 amino-terminal aa of N proteins from highly virulent Dobrava and Hantaan hantaviruses allows the formation of chimeric core particles. These particles expose the inserted foreign protein segments, at least in part, on their surface. Analysis by electron cryomicroscopy of chimeric particles harbouring the Puumala virus (PUUV) N segment revealed 90% T = 3 and 10% T = 4 shells. A map computed from T = 3 shells shows additional density splaying out from the tips of the spikes producing the effect of an extra shell of density at an outer radius compared with wild-type shells. The inserted Puumala virus N protein segment is flexibly linked to the core spikes and only partially icosahedrally ordered. Immunisation of mice of two different haplotypes (BALB/c and C57BL/6) with chimeric core particles induces a high-titered and highly cross-reactive N-specific antibody response in both mice strains

  5. Ingesta de huevo y factores de riesgo cardiovascular en adolescentes; papel de la actividad física: Estudio HELENA

    OpenAIRE

    A. Soriano-Maldonado; M. Cuenca-García; L. A. Moreno; M. González-Gross; C. Leclercq; O. Androutsos; E. J. Guerra-Hernández; M. J. Castillo; J. R. Ruiz

    2013-01-01

    Introducci??n: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECVs) suponen la principal causa de morbi-mortalidad en los pa??ses occidentales. El incremento del colesterol plasm??tico se ha relacionado con el desarrollo de ECV. El huevo, por su alto contenido en colesterol, ha sido indirectamente relacionado con el riesgo de desarrollar ECVs. Objetivo: Examinar la asociaci??n entre ingesta de huevo y factores de riesgo cardiovascular en adolescentes, estudiando si dicha relaci??n est?? influenciada por ...

  6. Reply to Comment Clement et al.: (Prevalence of Antibodies against Hantaviruses in Serum and Saliva of Adults Living or Working on Farms in Yorkshire, United Kingdom

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    Lisa J. Jameson

    2014-09-01

    Full Text Available We acknowledge Clement and colleagues for their comments [1] on our paper [2]. We agree that many controversies are being discussed by the hantavirus community, particularly surrounding the interpretation of serological results and the designation of new species and strains. Within this setting, we are grateful for the opportunity to respond to the key factual and methodological points raised by Clements et al. [...

  7. Estudio MEPAFAC I: medida de presión arterial en adolescentes realizada por farmacéuticos comunitarios en centros escolares. Educación sobre factores de riesgo cardiovascular

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    Cervero M

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available INTRODUCCIÓN Conocer valores de presión arterial en la población juvenil va a permitir identificar individuos predispuestos a presentar enfermedades cardiovasculares y a diseñar estrategias de prevención. OBJETIVOS Obtener valores de medida de presión arterial con aparatos oscilométricos en una muestra de jóvenes escolares de ambos sexos, entre 12 y 17 años de edad y realizar Educación Sanitaria a los participantes en el estudio. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS Estudio epidemiológico, observacional, transversal y multicéntrico realizado en Centros Escolares de la Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid, sobre una muestra estimada de 2.500 jóvenes elegidos mediante un muestreo por conglomerados. Se les realizará una encuesta sobre hábitos de vida, un examen antropométrico: peso, talla, índice de masa corporal, medida de la presión arterial y se les proporcionará educación sanitaria mediante una charla formativa. UTILIDAD DEL ESTUDIO Conocer los valores de referencia de presión arterial y los factores de riesgo cardiovascular de nuestros adolescentes no tiene por si mismo ninguna utilidad práctica si no va acompañado de una intervención efectiva para prevenir el desarrollo de ECV. Los cambios en el estilo de vida tienen un nivel de recomendación A. El farmacéutico, como se espera poner de manifiesto en el estudio, puede ejercer de educador sanitario para promover estilos de vida saludable.

  8. DNA vaccine-generated duck polyclonal antibodies as a postexposure prophylactic to prevent hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS.

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    Rebecca Brocato

    Full Text Available Andes virus (ANDV is the predominant cause of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS in South America and the only hantavirus known to be transmitted person-to-person. There are no vaccines, prophylactics, or therapeutics to prevent or treat this highly pathogenic disease (case-fatality 35-40%. Infection of Syrian hamsters with ANDV results in a disease that closely mimics human HPS in incubation time, symptoms of respiratory distress, and disease pathology. Here, we evaluated the feasibility of two postexposure prophylaxis strategies in the ANDV/hamster lethal disease model. First, we evaluated a natural product, human polyclonal antibody, obtained as fresh frozen plasma (FFP from a HPS survivor. Second, we used DNA vaccine technology to manufacture a polyclonal immunoglobulin-based product that could be purified from the eggs of vaccinated ducks (Anas platyrhynchos. The natural "despeciation" of the duck IgY (i.e., Fc removed results in an immunoglobulin predicted to be minimally reactogenic in humans. Administration of ≥ 5,000 neutralizing antibody units (NAU/kg of FFP-protected hamsters from lethal disease when given up to 8 days after intranasal ANDV challenge. IgY/IgYΔFc antibodies purified from the eggs of DNA-vaccinated ducks effectively neutralized ANDV in vitro as measured by plaque reduction neutralization tests (PRNT. Administration of 12,000 NAU/kg of duck egg-derived IgY/IgYΔFc protected hamsters when administered up to 8 days after intranasal challenge and 5 days after intramuscular challenge. These experiments demonstrate that convalescent FFP shows promise as a postexposure HPS prophylactic. Moreover, these data demonstrate the feasibility of using DNA vaccine technology coupled with the duck/egg system to manufacture a product that could supplement or replace FFP. The DNA vaccine-duck/egg system can be scaled as needed and obviates the necessity of using limited blood products obtained from a small number of HPS survivors. This

  9. Inmunización para influenza y neumococo en prevención cardiovascular

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    María Inés Sosa Liprandi

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available La relación entre las infecciones respiratorias producidas por el virus de la influenza y el neumococo y los eventos cardiovasculares motivaron la reunión de un grupo interdisciplinario (cardiólogos, clínicos e infectólogos, con el objeto de analizar la evidencia entre la asociación de estos fenómenos y el rol de las estrategias de inmunización en la prevención de la enfermedad cardiovascular. El presente documento sintetiza las conclusiones del grupo de trabajo. El análisis de revisiones sistemáticas sugiere una evidencia consistente entre la infección por influenza y neumococo como desencadenantes de infarto agudo de miocardio y muerte cardiovascular. Los estudios publicados en los últimos 15 años sugieren que la vacunación para influenza y neumococo reducen el riesgo de síndromes coronarios agudos. Con la evidencia existente y teniendo en cuenta los análisis de costo-efectividad, ahorro de costos y perfil de seguridad de las vacunas, las sociedades científicas y agencias gubernamentales de salud, tanto nacionales como internacionales, recomiendan fuertemente la incorporación de la inmunización en el grupo de pacientes con enfermedad cardiovascular crónica.

  10. Prevalencia de factores de riesgo para enfermedad cardiovascular en el estado de Lara,Venezuela, 2008

    OpenAIRE

    Infante Viloria, Elizabeth

    2011-01-01

    Descripció del recurs: 22 juliol 2011 Las enfermedades cardiovasculares, subgrupo de enfermedades crónicas no trasmisibles, constituyen un importante problema de salud pública, no solo por su magnitud, reflejada en el primer lugar que ocupan entre las causas de morbi-mortalidad en el mundo, sino por su elevado poder discapacitante. Según la OMS cada año mueren más personas por esta causa que por otra. Se calcula que en 2005 murieron por esta causa 17,5 millones de personas, lo cual represe...

  11. Derrame pericárdico y pericarditis purulenta por Salmonella: un caso excepcional

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    Jorge Pulido-Arenas

    2017-09-01

    Full Text Available Las complicaciones cardiovasculares asociadas a las infecciones por la Salmonella son raras y suceden entre el 1 a 5% de los pacientes. Las enfermedades del pericardio son extremadamente inusuales con pocos casos reportados en la literatura. Presentamos el caso de un adulto mayor con síntomas de derrame pericárdico y hallazgos de pericarditis purulenta en quien la etiología corresponde a infección por la Salmonella spp. confirmada por hallazgos clínicos, de imágenes diagnósticas, microbiológicos, quirúrgicos e histopatológicos.

  12. TERPENOS COM APLICAÇÃO CARDIOVASCULAR TERPENE WITH CARDIOVASCULAR APLICATION

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    Américo Azevedo de Souza

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available O uso de plantas medicinais como alternativa terapêutica é tão antigo quanto a própria existência humana. Desta maneira, a procura por moléculas com efetividade para aplicações cardiovasculares é uma alternativa para as pesquisas farmacológicas. Nesta gama de moléculas estão inseridos os terpenos, constituintes de óleos essenciais que estão contidos em todos os órgãos das plantas e que apresentam diversas aplicações farmacológicas, inclusive propriedades cardiovasculares. Assim, o objetivo desse trabalho foi realizar uma triagem nos depósitos de patentes sobre a aplicação cardiovascular de terpenos até o momento. Para isso, a prospecção foi realizada no Escritório Europeu de Patentes, na Organização Mundial de Propriedade Intelectual, no Escritório Americano de Marcas e Patentes e no Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Industrial do Brasil. O maior número de pedidos de patentes encontrados foi no Escritório Americano de Marcas e Patentes. Os maiores depositantes foram Estados Unidos e China. Os maiores requerentes de propriedade intelectual foram empresas e pessoas físicas. O Brasil não apresentou pedido de registro de patente. A classificação internacional que mais ocorreu nessa prospecção foi a A61K.

  13. Enfermedades cardiovasculares: problema de salud en las mujeres

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    María José Cao Torija

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available Planteamos en el presente artículo una revisión de la incidencia, los principales factores de riesgo cardiovascular, y manifestaciones diferenciales de estas enfermedades entre mujeres y hombres por una parte desde el punto de vista biológico y por otra, y generalmente más olvidada desde el punto de vista del género, entendido como construcción social de lo femenino y lo masculino y poder así elaborar algunas conclusiones respecto a la prevención en general y específicamente en las mujeres. We propose in this article a review of the incidence, major cardiovascular risk factors, and differential signs of these diseases between women and men, on the one hand from the biological point of view and, on the other hand, and more generally neglected, from the point of view of the gender, understood as a social construction of the feminine and the masculine, and thus be able to draw some conclusions about prevention in general and specifically in women.

  14. Factores de riesgo cardiovascular modificables en adolescentes escolarizados de Ibagué 2013

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    Diva del Pilar Ferreira-Guerrero

    2017-05-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: describir los factores de riesgo cardiovascular modificables en adolescentes escolarizados de la comuna uno de Ibagué en el segundo semestre del 2013. Metodología: se realizó un estudio transversal con 149 estudiantes, utilizando 4 módulos de la encuesta mundial de salud a escolares (gshs por sus siglas en inglés, medidas antropométricas y presión arterial, con pruebas no paramétricas para el análisis de los factores de riesgo según características sociodemográficas y clínicas y, análisis bivariado para determinar las diferencias de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular modificables por edad, sexo y tipo de establecimiento educativo. Resultados: la prevalencia de sedentarismo fue 97%; riesgo de alcoholismo 59%; alimentación no saludable 53%; sobrepeso y obesidad 13%; fumador actual 9%, e hipercolesterolemia con 7%. Discusión: los factores de riesgo en los adolescentes presentan una alta prevalencia aunque no indican enfermedad establecida; sin embargo la continuidad de estas conductas puede llevar a problemas a nivel cardiovascular, personal y social. Conclusiones: este estudio aporta una línea de base para la implementación de estrategias de promoción y prevención en adolescentes hacia la disminución de la morbi-mortalidad por enfermedad cardiovascular (ecv de la población Tolimense. Se deben crear espacios de recreación y deporte, control de consumo de alcohol y tabaco y, educación nutricional para madres y propietarios de establecimientos que permitan aumentar la ingesta diaria y la oferta de alimentos saludables, entre otros.

  15. Estimación de la carga de las enfermedades cardiovasculares atribuible a factores de riesgo modificables en Argentina Estimate of the cardiovascular disease burden attributable to modifiable risk factors in Argentina

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    Adolfo Rubinstein

    2010-04-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Estimar la carga de la enfermedad, su proporción atribuible a los principales factores de riesgo cardiovascular modificables y los costos médicos directos por hospitalización, asociados con las enfermedades coronarias y los accidentes cerebrovasculares en Argentina. MÉTODOS: Se elaboró un modelo analítico a partir de los datos de mortalidad en Argentina en 2005 y la prevalencia de los principales factores de riesgo cardiovascular (hipertensión arterial, hipercolesterolemia, sobrepeso, obesidad, hiperglucemia, tabaquismo actual y pasado, sedentarismo y consumo inadecuado de frutas y verduras. Se estimaron la carga de la enfermedad -años potenciales de vida perdidos (APVP y años de vida saludable (AVISA perdidos- y los costos de hospitalización por las enfermedades cardiovasculares analizadas. RESULTADOS: En 2005 se perdieron en Argentina más de 600 000 AVISA y se contabilizaron casi 400 000 APVP por enfermedades coronarias y accidentes cerebrovasculares; 71,1% de los AVISA perdidos, 73,9% de APVP y 76,0% de los costos asociados son atribuibles a facto-res de riesgo modificables. La hipertensión arterial fue el factor de riesgo de mayor impacto, tanto en hombres como en mujeres: 37,3% del costo total, 37,5% de los APVP y 36,6% de los AVISA perdidos. CONCLUSIONES: La mayor parte de la carga de la enfermedad en Argentina por enfermedades cardiovasculares está relacionada con factores de riesgo modificables -por lo tanto evitables- y podría reducirse mediante intervenciones poblacionales y clínicas basadas en un enfoque de riesgo, que ya han demostrado ser efectivas en función del costo, asequibles y factibles en países como Argentina.OBJETIVE: Estimate the burden of disease, the proportion attributable to the principal modifiable cardiovascular risk factors, and the direct medical cost of hospitalization associated with coronary heart disease and stroke in Argentina. METHODOLOGY: An analitical model was prepared using

  16. Millon´s Personality Model and ischemic cardiovascular acute episodes: Profiles of risk in a decision tree

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    María M. Richard's

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available La identificación de subgrupos de riesgo permite a los psicólogos clínicos desarrollar intervenciones específicas para esos subgrupos. El principal propósito de este trabajo fue encontrar asociaciones estadísticas entre características de personalidad -rasgos y trastornos- y la existencia de episodios isquémicos cardiovasculares agudos según el modelo de personalidad de Theodore Millon. Los análisis del presente estudio se fundamentaron en una muestra de 313 mujeres y hombres entre 31 y 80 años de edad, divididos en dos grupos: un grupo clínico formado por 143 participantes internados a causa de episodios isquémicos cardiovasculares agudos y un grupo control constituido por 170 personas sin antecedentes de enfermedades cardiovasculares. Los resultados mostraron cuatro perfiles de riesgo de personalidad asociados con la existencia de episodios isquémicos agudos y, por tanto, esto posibilita a los psicólogos clínicos el diseño de intervenciones específicas para aquellos subgrupos.

  17. Efeitos Cardiovasculares da Cafeína: Revisão de literatura/ Cardiovascular Effects of Caffeine: Literature Review

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    Daniel Vargas Pivato de Almeida

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available Estimulante do sistema nervoso central, a cafeína tem sido cada vez mais consumida sob a forma de energéticos. Sendo assim, com o advento de festas regadas a essas bebidas, aumentou-se a procura, por salas de emergência, por jovens e adolescentes, que raramente frequentavam hospitais. Uma vez que possui potenciais efeitos no sistema cardiovascular, desencadeando taquiarritmias e aumento da excitabilidade atrial, inclusive com relatos de casos de hospitalizações e mortes súbitas pela sua toxicidade, a cafeína tem-se tornado alvo de pesquisas médicas. Contudo existe ainda uma carência de estudos e relatos que comprovem essa relação diretamente causal As a central nervous system stimulant, caffeine has been increasingly consumed in the form of energy drinks. With the advent of parties with lots of these drinks, an increased demand for emergency rooms for youths and adolescents, who rarely attended hospitals, has occured. This has potential effects on the cardiovascular system, triggering tachyarrhythmias and increased atrial excitability, including reports of sudden deaths and hospitalizations due to its toxicity, leading to caffeine becoming a subject of medical research. However there is still a lack of studies and reports that prove this causal relationship directly.

  18. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome clinical findings: evaluating a surveillance case definition.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Knust, Barbara; Macneil, Adam; Rollin, Pierre E

    2012-05-01

    Clinical cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) can be challenging to differentiate from other acute respiratory diseases, which can lead to delays in diagnosis, treatment, and disease reporting. Rapid onset of severe disease occurs, at times before diagnostic test results are available. This study's objective was to examine the clinical characteristics of patients that would indicate HPS to aid in detection and reporting. Test results of blood samples from U.S. patients suspected of having HPS submitted to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from 1998-2010 were reviewed. Patient information collected by case report forms was compared between HPS-confirmed and test-negative patients. Diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and likelihood ratios were calculated for individual clinical findings and combinations of variables. Of 567 patients included, 36% were HPS-confirmed. Thrombocytopenia, chest x-rays with suggestive signs, and receiving supplemental oxygenation were highly sensitive (>95%), while elevated hematocrit was highly specific (83%) in detecting HPS. Combinations that maximized sensitivity required the presence of thrombocytopenia. Using a national sample of suspect patients, we found that thrombocytopenia was a highly sensitive indicator of HPS and should be included in surveillance definitions for suspected HPS. Using a sensitive suspect case definition to identify potential HPS patients that are confirmed by highly specific diagnostic testing will ensure accurate reporting of this disease.

  19. Infection of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells by ANDES Hantavirus enhances pro-inflammatory state, the secretion of active MMP-9 and indirectly enhances endothelial permeability

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    Lopez-Lastra Marcelo

    2011-05-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Andes virus (ANDV, a rodent-borne Hantavirus, is the major etiological agent of Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS in South America, which is mainly characterized by a vascular leakage with high rate of fatal outcomes for infected patients. Currently, neither specific therapy nor vaccines are available against this pathogen. ANDV infects both dendritic and epithelial cells, but in despite that the severity of the disease directly correlates with the viral RNA load, considerable evidence suggests that immune mechanisms rather than direct viral cytopathology are responsible for plasma leakage in HCPS. Here, we assessed the possible effect of soluble factors, induced in viral-activated DCs, on endothelial permeability. Activated immune cells, including DC, secrete gelatinolytic matrix metalloproteases (gMMP-2 and -9 that modulate the vascular permeability for their trafficking. Methods A clinical ANDES isolate was used to infect DC derived from primary PBMC. Maturation and pro-inflammatory phenotypes of ANDES-infected DC were assessed by studying the expression of receptors, cytokines and active gMMP-9, as well as some of their functional status. The ANDES-infected DC supernatants were assessed for their capacity to enhance a monolayer endothelial permeability using primary human vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC. Results Here, we show that in vitro primary DCs infected by a clinical isolate of ANDV shed virus RNA and proteins, suggesting a competent viral replication in these cells. Moreover, this infection induces an enhanced expression of soluble pro-inflammatory factors, including TNF-α and the active gMMP-9, as well as a decreased expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-10 and TGF-β. These viral activated cells are less sensitive to apoptosis. Moreover, supernatants from ANDV-infected DCs were able to indirectly enhance the permeability of a monolayer of primary HUVEC. Conclusions Primary human DCs

  20. Ongoing spillover of Hantaan and Gou hantaviruses from rodents is associated with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS in China.

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    Wen Wang

    Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Longquan City, Zhejiang province, China, has been seriously affected by hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS since the first cases were registered in 1974. To understand the epidemiology and emergence of HFRS in Longquan, which may be indicative of large parts of rural China, we studied long-term incidence patterns and performed a molecular epidemiological investigation of the causative hantaviruses in human and rodent populations. METHOD/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: During 1974-2011, 1866 cases of HFRS were recorded in Longquan, including 20 deaths. In 2011, the incidence of HFRS remained high, with 19.61 cases/100,000 population, despite the onset of vaccination in 1997. During 1974-1998, HFRS cases in Longquan occurred mainly in winter, while in the past decade the peak of HFRS has shifted to the spring. Notably, the concurrent prevalence of rodent-borne hantaviruses in the region was also high. Phylogenetic analyses of viral sequences recovered from rodents in Longquan revealed the presence of novel genetic variants of Gou virus (GOUV in Rattus sp. rats and Hantaan virus (HTNV in the stripe field mice, respectively. Strikingly, viral sequences sampled from infected humans were very closely related to those from rodents. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: HFRS represents an important public health problem in Longquan even after years of preventive measures. Our data suggest that continual spillover of the novel genetic variant of GOUV and the new genetic lineage of HTNV are responsible for the high prevalence of HFRS in humans. In addition, this is the first report of GOUV associated with human HFRS cases, and our data suggest that GOUV is now the major cause of HFRS in this region.

  1. Relación cintura/estatura, una herramienta útil para detectar riesgos cardiovascular y metabólico en niños

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    MM Padrón Martínez

    2016-09-01

    Full Text Available La Organización Mundial de Salud reporta que las enfermedades cardiovasculares son las principales causas de muerte en todo el mundo; cada año mueren más personas por ellas que por cualquier otra causa y más de tres cuartas partes de esas defunciones ocurren en los países de ingresos bajos y medios; sin embargo, la mayoría de dichas enfermedades puede prevenirse actuando sobre factores de riesgo como: consumo de tabaco, dietas no saludables, obesidad, inactividad física o el consumo aumentado de alcohol; esto idealmente con estrategias que abarquen a toda la población. En personas con enfermedades cardiovasculares o con alto riesgo cardiovascular debido a presencia de uno o más factores como hipertensión arterial, diabetes, hiperlipidemia o enfermedad cardiovascular confirmada, son fundamentales la detección precoz y el tratamiento temprano, por medio de servicios de orientación o administración de fármacos, según corresponda.

  2. Risco cardiovascular em vegetarianos e onívoros: um estudo comparativo Cardiovascular risk in vegetarians and omnivores: a comparative study

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    Rita de Cássia Moreira de Almeida Teixeira

    2007-10-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: Estudos clínicos e epidemiológicos demonstram grande associação da dieta com os agravos crônicos, particularmente com os eventos cardiovasculares, apesar de ainda não compreendidos todos os seus mecanismos de ação. OBJETIVO: Descrever e analisar o risco cardiovascular em vegetarianos e onívoros residentes na Grande Vitória/ES, na faixa etária de 35 a 64 anos. MÉTODOS: Para avaliação do risco cardiovascular foi realizado estudo de coorte histórico com 201 indivíduos. Foram incluídos 67 vegetarianos há no mínimo 5 anos, provenientes da Grande Vitória, e 134 onívoros, participantes do Projeto MONICA/Vitória, pareados por classe socioeconômica, sexo, idade e raça. Medidas bioquímicas e hemodinâmicas foram obtidas na Clínica de Investigação Cardiovascular da UFES. Para comparação de proporções, foi usado o teste chi2 e calculada a razão de prevalência. O risco cardiovascular foi calculado por meio do algoritmo de Framingham. RESULTADOS: A idade média do grupo foi de 47 ± 8 anos e o tempo médio de vegetarianismo 19 ± 10 anos, sendo a dieta ovolactovegetariana seguida por 73% dos vegetarianos. Pressão arterial, glicemia de jejum, colesterol total, colesterol de lipoproteína de baixa densidade (LDL-colesterol e triglicerídeos foram mais baixos entre vegetarianos (pBACKGROUND: Clinical and epidemiological studies have demonstrated a strong association between eating habits and chronic diseases, particularly cardiovascular events, although not all the mechanisms of action are understood. OBJECTIVE: To describe and analyze the cardiovascular risk (CVR in vegetarians and omnivores residing in Greater Vitória, State of Espírito Santo, Brazil, in the age range from 35 to 64 years. METHODS: To evaluate CVR in the groups, a historical cohort study with 201 individuals was conducted. Sixty seven individuals who had been following a vegetarian diet for at least five years, and who were from Greater Vit

  3. Estudìo por medio de potenciales evocados de la respuesta cortical en sujetos sometidos a dos estresores de laboratorio y su relación con la respuesta cardiovascular, endocrina y psicologica.

    OpenAIRE

    Pellicer Porcar, Olga

    2008-01-01

    RESUMEN En esta tesis se presenta un estudio mediante potenciales evocados visuales de la respuesta cortical a dos estresores de laboratorio, uno de afrontamiento activo y otro pasivo, asimismo se ha estudiado la correlación de la actividad cortical con la respuesta cardiovascular de los sujetos y con variables psicológicas relevantes en la modulación de dicha respuesta, como la percepción de estrés y de dolor provocada por los estresores. Hemos determinado también la respuesta de cortisol...

  4. Hantavirus Gc induces long-term immune protection via LAMP-targeting DNA vaccine strategy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jiang, Dong-Bo; Zhang, Jin-Peng; Cheng, Lin-Feng; Zhang, Guan-Wen; Li, Yun; Li, Zi-Chao; Lu, Zhen-Hua; Zhang, Zi-Xin; Lu, Yu-Chen; Zheng, Lian-He; Zhang, Fang-Lin; Yang, Kun

    2018-02-01

    Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) occurs widely throughout Eurasia. Unfortunately, there is no effective treatment, and prophylaxis remains the best option against the major pathogenic agent, hantaan virus (HTNV), which is an Old World hantavirus. However, the absence of cellular immune responses and immunological memory hampers acceptance of the current inactivated HFRS vaccine. Previous studies revealed that a lysosome-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1)-targeting strategy involving a DNA vaccine based on the HTNV glycoprotein Gn successfully conferred long-term immunity, and indicated that further research on Gc, another HTNV antigen, was warranted. Plasmids encoding Gc and lysosome-targeted Gc, designated pVAX-Gc and pVAX-LAMP/Gc, respectively, were constructed. Proteins of interest were identified by fluorescence microscopy following cell line transfection. Five groups of 20 female BALB/c mice were subjected to the following inoculations: inactivated HTNV vaccine, pVAX-LAMP/Gc, pVAX-Gc, and, as the negative controls, pVAX-LAMP or the blank vector pVAX1. Humoral and cellular immunity were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and 15-mer peptide enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot) epitope mapping assays. Repeated immunization with pVAX-LAMP/Gc enhanced adaptive immune responses, as demonstrated by the specific and neutralizing antibody titers and increased IFN-γ production. The inactivated vaccine induced a comparable humoral reaction, but the negative controls only elicited insignificant responses. Using a mouse model of HTNV challenge, the in vivo protection conferred by the inactivated vaccine and Gc-based constructs (with/without LAMP recombination) was confirmed. Evidence of pan-epitope reactions highlighted the long-term cellular response to the LAMP-targeting strategy, and histological observations indicated the safety of the LAMP-targeting vaccines. The long-term protective immune responses induced by pVAX-LAMP/Gc may be

  5. Estimación del riesgo enfermedad cardiovascular en el contexto de la Atención Primaria de Salud.

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    Alexander Ochoa Agüero

    2016-02-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Explicar el concepto de riesgo cardiovascular global y describir los modelos disponibles para su estimación. Desarrollo: El crecimiento de la población y el incremento de la esperanza de vida motivan el incremento de la morbimortalidad por enfermedades cardiovasculares. Su alta incidencia se relaciona con el efecto combinado y multiplicativo de factores de riesgo, cuya valoración debe realizarse mediante la evaluación del riesgo cardiovascular global. Se consultaron 49 referencias, obtenidas de bases de datos bibliográficas en Internet. La literatura actualizada muestra la existencia de diversos métodos para evaluar el riesgo cardiovascular global, en su mayoría usan los criterios de predicción derivados del estudio de Framingham y tienen como objetivo detectar a los pacientes con un alto riesgo. Conclusiones: Se define el riesgo cardiovascular global y entre las guías disponibles para su estimación en el individuo y la comunidad figura la tabla de riesgo Organización Mundial de Salud, basada en poblaciones de las subregiones epidemiológicas definidas por la organización, utiliza los factores de riesgo de mayor carácter predictivo y permite estimaciones en personas sin síntomas de enfermedad cardiovascular.

  6. Estrategia educativa en salud cardiovascular para trabajadores de una institución educativa

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    Brigitte Migdolia Prieto Bocanegra

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Presentar el diseño e implementación de una estrategia educativa en salud cardiovascular dirigida a trabajadores de una institución educativa y realizada por un grupo de estudiantes de la Escuela de Enfermería de la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Para el desarrollo de esta propuesta se utilizó el taller dialógico, que es una herramienta utilizada en la Investigación-Acción-Participación; esta técnica favorece una mayor interacción entre los trabajadores y los facilitadores, que en este caso fueron los estudiantes. Esta metodología busca lograr un acercamiento al participante sin la imposición de conocimientos sobre un tema determinado. Resultados: Se identificaron los trabajadores con factores de riesgo cardiovascular por medio de la revisión de historias clínicas y la aplicación de una ficha de caracterización en riesgo cardiovascular; una vez se tuvo esta información se realizó un primer diálogo, el cual buscó identificar el conocimiento que se tenía y las áreas donde se requería mayor énfasis; como resultado emergieron las siguientes temáticas: “Mi alimentación”, “Al ritmo de mi corazón”, “Cómo ser feliz en mi trabajo”. Esta intervención logró identificar las características propias de este grupo de trabajadores en cuanto a su salud cardiovascular y la forma de prevención de acuerdo con sus necesidades individuales. Conclusiones: El riesgo cardiovascular es una problemática de gran impacto sobre la salud de los trabajadores; por tanto, es necesario que se realicen intervenciones participativas de construcción simultánea con el trabajador que permitan lograr aprendizajes significativos y de reflexión sobre este riesgo.

  7. Manifestaciones cardiovasculares en pacientes tratados con hemodiálisis periódica por fístula arteriovenosa funcional

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    Ana S. Ayora Loaiza

    2016-06-01

    Conclusiones: No se encontró relación entre la localización de la fistula y los cambios en el sistema cardiovascular. El grupo de pacientes con fistula de más de cuatro años presentó mayores manifestaciones cardiovasculares y cambios significativos en el ecocardiograma.

  8. INTERNAÇÕES POR CONDIÇÕES SENSÍVEIS À ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE DECORRENTES DAS DOENÇAS CARDIVASCULARES

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    Ana Paula Gonçalves de Lima Resende

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: analizar las hospitalizaciones por enfermedades sensibles a la atención primaria como resultado de la enfermedad cardiovascular, en correlación con el número de personas estimadas y acompañadas por la hipertensión y la cobertura de la Estratégia Saúde da Família en los 78 municipios de Mato Grosso do Sul (Brazil, en el período 2009 al 2012. método: estudio ecológico, con análisis estadísticos a partir de la composición de grupos (clusters , teniendo en cuenta las admisiones por enfermedades cardiovasculares, sensibles a la atención primaria, asociadas a las internaciones generales municipales y otros por condiciones sensibles. Las asociaciones también se realizaron estadísticamente entre la proporción de personas con hipertensión acompañados y la cobertura de la Estratégia Saúde da Família . resultados: se evidenció la asociación entre la cobertura de la Estratégia Saúde da Família y las hospitalizaciones salud de la familia debido a las enfermedades cardiovasculares. A pesar de aumento en el registro de personas con hipertensión inscrito y seguido, no hubo una reducción en el número de hospitalizaciones y mortalidad por causas analizadas. conclusión: la salud de la familia como una estrategia de intervención en atención primaria, en general, ha contribuido con la reducción de las hospitalizaciones por enfermedad cardiovascular. Sin embargo, el bajo número de pacientes registrados y acompañados indica problemas en los mecanismos de aplicación de los procesos estratégicos y de trabajo.

  9. Relación entre eventos cardiovasculares y un mundial de fútbol

    OpenAIRE

    Erika Andrea Rincón-Escobar; Sara Sofía Escobar-González; Juan Esteban Gómez-Mesa; Juan Pablo Martínez-Cano

    2018-01-01

    Introducción: el estrés causado por el fútbol puede tener efecto en la población general. Existen estudios con resultados controvertidos, tanto a favor de una asociación con mayor incidencia de eventos cardiovasculares, como en contra de ésta. Objetivo: evaluar eventos cardiovasculares ocurridos durante el Mundial de fútbol Brasil 2014 en un centro de alto nivel de complejidad. Métodos: estudio observacional, descriptivo, tipo corte transversal, en el que se analizan los registros de ev...

  10. Biofeedback Cardiovascular e suas Aplicações: revisão de literatura

    OpenAIRE

    Gomes, July Silveira; Coghi, Marcos Fábio; Coghi, Priscila

    2014-01-01

    El biofeedback cardiovascular es una técnica de automodulación fisiológica mediada por la resonancia entre dos mecanismos de regulación cardiovascular: el reflejo barorreceptor y la arritmia sinusal respiratoria. Cuando ese fenómeno ocurre, es posible visualizar un aumento significativo en la amplitud de la frecuencia en torno a 0.1Hz, llamada baja frecuencia (low frequency, LF). En ese trabajo, se consultó la base de datos Pubmed y fueron revisados 31 trabajos, publicados entre el 2000 y jun...

  11. Concomitant influence of helminth infection and landscape on the distribution of Puumala hantavirus in its reservoir, Myodes glareolus.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Salvador, Alexis Ribas; Guivier, Emmanuel; Xuéreb, Anne; Chaval, Yannick; Cadet, Patrice; Poulle, Marie-Lazarine; Sironen, Tarja; Voutilainen, Liina; Henttonen, Heikki; Cosson, Jean-François; Charbonnel, Nathalie

    2011-02-08

    Puumala virus, the agent of nephropathia epidemica (NE), is the most prevalent hantavirus in Europe. The risk for human infection seems to be strongly correlated with the prevalence of Puumala virus (PUUV) in populations of its reservoir host species, the bank vole Myodes glareolus. In humans, the infection risks of major viral diseases are affected by the presence of helminth infections. We therefore proposed to analyse the influence of both helminth community and landscape on the prevalence of PUUV among bank vole populations in the Ardennes, a PUUV endemic area in France. Among the 313 voles analysed, 37 had anti-PUUV antibodies. Twelve gastro-intestinal helminth species were recorded among all voles sampled. We showed that PUUV seroprevalence strongly increased with age or sexual maturity, especially in the northern forests (massif des Ardennes). The helminth community structure significantly differed between this part and the woods or hedgerows of the southern cretes pre-ardennaises. Using PUUV RNA quantification, we identified significant coinfections between PUUV and gastro-intestinal helminths in the northern forests only. More specifically, PUUV infection was positively associated with the presence of Heligmosomum mixtum, and in a lesser extent, Aonchotheca muris-sylvatici. The viral load of PUUV infected individuals tended to be higher in voles coinfected with H. mixtum. It was significantly lower in voles coinfected with A. muris-sylvatici, reflecting the influence of age on these latter infections. This is the first study to emphasize hantavirus--helminth coinfections in natural populations. It also highlights the importance to consider landscape when searching for such associations. We have shown that landscape characteristics strongly influence helminth community structure as well as PUUV distribution. False associations might therefore be evidenced if geographic patterns of helminths or PUUV repartition are not previously identified. Moreover, our

  12. Puumala hantavirus infections in bank vole populations: host and virus dynamics in Central Europe.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Reil, Daniela; Rosenfeld, Ulrike M; Imholt, Christian; Schmidt, Sabrina; Ulrich, Rainer G; Eccard, Jana A; Jacob, Jens

    2017-02-28

    In Europe, bank voles (Myodes glareolus) are widely distributed and can transmit Puumala virus (PUUV) to humans, which causes a mild to moderate form of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, called nephropathia epidemica. Uncovering the link between host and virus dynamics can help to prevent human PUUV infections in the future. Bank voles were live trapped three times a year in 2010-2013 in three woodland plots in each of four regions in Germany. Bank vole population density was estimated and blood samples collected to detect PUUV specific antibodies. We demonstrated that fluctuation of PUUV seroprevalence is dependent not only on multi-annual but also on seasonal dynamics of rodent host abundance. Moreover, PUUV infection might affect host fitness, because seropositive individuals survived better from spring to summer than uninfected bank voles. Individual space use was independent of PUUV infections. Our study provides robust estimations of relevant patterns and processes of the dynamics of PUUV and its rodent host in Central Europe, which are highly important for the future development of predictive models for human hantavirus infection risk.

  13. Entidades clínicas cardiovasculares asociadas al consumo de cocaína por vía nasal en una población peruana

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    Luis Razzeto-Ríos

    2008-06-01

    Full Text Available Objetivos: Conocer la frecuencia de entidades clínicas cardiovasculares asociadas al empleo de cocaína por vía nasal en consumidores peruanos. Diseño: Estudio prospectivo, descriptivo, tipo serie de casos. Lugar: Hospital Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, EsSalud, hospital docente, y Clínica San Felipe. Participantes: Pacientes atendidos entre los años 1991 y 2006. Principales medidas de resultados: Síntomas y entidades clínicas asociadas al consumo de cocaína vía nasal. Resultados: En los 63 pacientes evaluados, la mediana de edad fue 35 años, 53 (84% eran de sexo masculino, 86% afirmó haber ingerido cocaína previamente. Los síntomas aparecieron antes de las 2 horas en 78% de los pacientes y 81% presentó trastornos del electrocardiograma. Los síntomas reportados fueron dolor torácico (59%, palpitaciones (27%, convulsiones (5%, hipertermia (3% y cefalea (6%. Las entidades clínicas asociadas fueron: síndromes coronarios agudos (49%, arritmia ventricular (25%, infarto agudo de miocardio (10%, crisis hipertensiva (5% y muerte súbita (11%. Durante el seguimiento, la reincidencia en el consumo se produjo en 76%, siendo esta predominantemente en los primeros 6 meses (63%. Conclusiones: El empleo de cocaína intranasal se asocia a importantes entidades clínicas cardiovasculares, la mayoría de ellas graves. Se aconseja la evaluación de los pacientes en emergencia, incluyendo una anamnesis completa dirigida a la evaluación del consumo de sustancias ilícitas.

  14. Clinical, Diagnostic, and Therapeutic Implications in Psoriasis Associated With Cardiovascular Disease.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bonanad, C; González-Parra, E; Rivera, R; Carrascosa, J M; Daudén, E; Olveira, A; Botella-Estrada, R

    2017-11-01

    In recent years the concept of psoriasis as a systemic disease has gained acceptance due to its association with numerous comorbid conditions, particularly atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Several studies have shown that patients with psoriasis, especially younger patients and those with more severe forms of psoriasis or with psoriatic arthritis, have a higher prevalence of risk factors and metabolic syndrome, as well as an increased risk of major cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral arterial disease. Furthermore, it remains unclear which of the current treatments might be more effective in reducing cardiovascular risk in these patients. It is therefore important for dermatologists to be aware of this increased risk, to be able to detect modifiable risk factors early and, when appropriate, refer patients to other specialists for the prevention of major cardiovascular events. Copyright © 2017 AEDV. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

  15. La hostilidad y su relación con los trastornos cardiovasculares Hostility and its relation with cardiovascular disorders

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    Jorge Iacovella

    2003-06-01

    Full Text Available Uno de los campos más desarrollados en el ámbito de la Psicología de la Salud es el de los aspectos psicológicos que intervienen en la enfermedad cardíaca. Dentro de los constructos psicológicos más estudiados se encuentra el de la hostilidad. Inicialmente componente del patrón de conducta tipo A, se han ido desarrollando diferentes formas de referirla, y por consiguiente, de medirla. En este artículo se analizan algunas de las nociones más citadas sobre la hostilidad y otras manifestaciones asociadas, los modelos explicativos de su relación con los trastornos cardiovasculares - en especial el de la hiperreactividad cardiovascular - y los instrumentos que se desarrollaron para su evaluación. Por último, se discuten las actuales implicancias del uso del constructo, así como las áreas de investigación a desarrollar para delimitar mejor este factor que ha sido referido en forma diversa, y consiguientemente ha reportado en los diferentes estudios resultados no siempre consistentes entre sí.One of the most highly developed fields in the Health Psychology area is that of the aspects involved in causing cardiac disease. Within the more thoroughly studied psychological constructs is the hostility one, component of the type A behavior pattern. Different ways of referring to this construct and of measuring it have been developed. This article analyzes some of the most pervasive notions about hostility and other related manifestations, the models explaining its relationship with cardiac disorders, especially the cardiovascular hypereactivity disorder, and the instruments designed for its assessment. Finally, current implications and fields of potential research are discussed, in order to further delineate this factor which has been referred to in a diverse fashion, thus showing different and not always consistent results in previous studies.

  16. Modelo predictivo de "score" de calcio alto en pacientes con factores de riesgo cardiovascular Predictive model of high calcium score in patients with cardiovascular risk factors

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    Gloria Franco

    2007-12-01

    Full Text Available Introducción: a través de múltiples estudios, se ha encontrado que el "score" de calcio coronario es un buen predictor de enfermedad coronaria, en individuos asintomáticos con uno o más factores de riesgo cardiovascular. Por ello sería ideal realizar esta prueba para estratificar su riesgo, pero esto no es posible en la mayoría de los casos por motivos de índole económica. El modelo que se presenta permite predecir la probabilidad de que un paciente tenga un score de calcio coronario alto, a partir de sus factores de riesgo cardiovascular. Lo novedoso del modelo es que también involucra factores "protectores" que disminuyen dicha probabilidad. Métodos: estudio de casos y controles, en pacientes asintomáticos con factores de riesgo cardiovascular, a quienes se les realizó un PCC. Los casos son pacientes con score de calcio coronario por encima del percentil 75 para su edad y género; la relación control:caso es 2:1. Resultados: las edades oscilaron entre 35 y 75 años; el 14,4% eran de género femenino, el 44,4% tenían historia familiar de CHD, el 34,4% eran hipertensos, el 38,9% colesterol total elevado, el 24,4% colesterol HDL por debajo de 40 mg/dL, el 33,3% colesterol LDL por encima de 160 mg/dL, el 25,6% fumaban, el 23,3% eran sedentarios, el 13,3% consumían licor periódicamente, el 15,6% eran obesos (IMC>30, el 18,9% realizaban ejercicio de manera periódica y 34,4% tomaba estatinas. Los factores de riesgo cardiovascular que se correlacionaron con el score de calcio coronario alto, se consignan en la tabla 1. En el modelo de regresión logística se incluyen los factores que tienen un valor de p tabla 2. La expresión para el modelo sería: Los valores de ci son 1, si el factor está presente y 0 si no lo está. Conclusiones: el anterior modelo no pretende reemplazar la estratificación con el modelo de Framingham, al contrario, es un complemento que permite orientar al médico tratante sobre si es recomendable realizar la

  17. Estado actual de la rehabilitación cardiovascular en Colombia (2010

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    Claudia V. Anchique, MD

    2011-11-01

    Conclusión: el desarrollo de los programas de Rehabilitación Cardiovascular en el país debe evaluarse de acuerdo con las cifras de morbimortalidad cardiovascular, la estratificación del riesgo de los pacientes, el acceso al servicio y los resultados más relevantes de este estudio, por lo cual se hace necesario trabajar en la definición de las líneas de base de los requerimientos de los programas que favorezcan el trabajo y la aproximación interdisciplinaria e integral así como el cumplimiento de los objetivos, dando prioridad a la seguridad del paciente.

  18. Cardiomiopatía inducida por estrés (Takotsubo en una paciente con anorexia nerviosa

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    Sabrina Vadalá

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available Presentamos el caso de una mujer con diagnóstico de anorexia nerviosa que desarrolló cardiomiopatía de takotsubo precipitada por estrés emocional y alteraciones del medio interno. Evolucionó favorablemente con manejo conservador. Los casos de cardiomiopatía inducida por estrés, descriptos en pacientes con trastornos de la conducta alimentaria, suelen alcanzar mayor gravedad y se asocian con la prolongación del intervalo QT por desequilibrios electrolíticos, arritmias ventriculares e hipoglucemia. Se realiza una revisión del compromiso cardiovascular en pacientes con anorexia nerviosa.

  19. Relación entre eventos cardiovasculares y un mundial de fútbol

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    Erika Andrea Rincón-Escobar

    2018-01-01

    Conclusión: no hubo mayor incidencia de eventos cardiovasculares en los días del mundial ni en los días en los que jugó el equipo colombiano; por el contrario, hubo disminución numérica en la incidencia de estos eventos.

  20. Temporal variation in individual factors associated with hantavirus infection in bank voles during an epizootic: implications for Puumala virus transmission dynamics.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tersago, Katrien; Verhagen, Ron; Leirs, Herwig

    2011-06-01

    Puumala virus (PUUV), the causal agent of nephropathia epidemica in humans, is one of the many hantaviruses included in the list of emerging pathogens. Hantavirus infection is not distributed evenly among PUUV reservoir hosts (i.e., bank voles [Myodes glareolus]). Besides environmental factors and local population features, individual characteristics play an important role in vole PUUV infection risk. Identifying the relative importance of these individual characteristics can provide crucial information on PUUV transmission processes. In the present study, bank voles were monitored during the nephropathia epidemica outbreak of 2005 in Belgium. Vole sera were tested for presence of immunoglobulin G against PUUV, and a logistic mixed model was built to investigate the temporal variation in individual characteristics and their relative importance to PUUV infection risk in bank voles. Relative risk calculations for individual vole characteristics related to PUUV infection in the reservoir host show that reproductive activity dominates infection risk. The gender effect is only found in reproductively active voles, where reproductively active males have the highest infection risk. Results also revealed a clear seasonal variation in the importance of reproductive activity linked to PUUV infection. In contrast to the main effect found in other trapping sessions, no difference in infection risk ratio was found between reproductively active and nonactive voles in the spring period. Combined with increased infection risk for the reproductively nonactive group at that time, these results indicate a shift in the transmission process due to changes in bank vole behavior, physiology, or climate conditions. Hence, our results suggest that mathematical models should take into account seasonal shifts in transmission mechanisms. When these results are combined with the seasonal changes in population structure during the epizootic period, we identify vole reproductive activity and

  1. Highly differentiated, resting gn-specific memory CD8+ T cells persist years after infection by andes hantavirus.

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    Tobias Manigold

    2010-02-01

    Full Text Available In man, infection with South American Andes virus (ANDV causes hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS. HCPS due to ANDV is endemic in Southern Chile and much of Argentina and increasing numbers of cases are reported all over South America. A case-fatality rate of about 36% together with the absence of successful antiviral therapies urge the development of a vaccine. Although T-cell responses were shown to be critically involved in immunity to hantaviruses in mouse models, no data are available on the magnitude, specificity and longevity of ANDV-specific memory T-cell responses in patients. Using sets of overlapping peptides in IFN-gamma ELISPOT assays, we herein show in 78 Chilean convalescent patients that Gn-derived epitopes were immunodominant as compared to those from the N- and Gc-proteins. Furthermore, while the relative contribution of the N-specific response significantly declined over time, Gn-specific responses remained readily detectable ex vivo up to 13 years after the acute infection. Tetramer analysis further showed that up to 16.8% of all circulating CD3(+CD8(+ T cells were specific for the single HLA-B*3501-restricted epitope Gn(465-473 years after the acute infection. Remarkably, Gn(465-473-specific cells readily secreted IFN-gamma, granzyme B and TNF-alpha but not IL-2 upon stimulation and showed a 'revertant' CD45RA(+CD27(-CD28(-CCR7(-CD127(- effector memory phenotype, thereby resembling a phenotype seen in other latent virus infections. Most intriguingly, titers of neutralizing antibodies increased over time in 10/17 individuals months to years after the acute infection and independently of whether they were residents of endemic areas or not. Thus, our data suggest intrinsic, latent antigenic stimulation of Gn-specific T-cells. However, it remains a major task for future studies to proof this hypothesis by determination of viral antigen in convalescent patients. Furthermore, it remains to be seen whether Gn-specific T

  2. Prevalencia de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular en trabajadores de una planta metalúrgica Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among workers in a metallurgical factory

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    Juan Antonio Alonso Díaz

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: El estudio pretende conocer la prevalencia y la distribución de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular en una población concreta para poder implementar las medidas preventivas necesarias con criterios de eficiencia. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal de la distribución de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular mayores (dislipemia, tabaquismo, hipertensión arterial y diabetes mellitus y subyacentes (sobrepeso/obesidad, sedentarismo, hipertrigliceridemia, consumo de alcohol y antecedentes familiares en función de la edad y el sexo obtenidos mediante la aplicación de un protocolo estandarizado efectuado durante los reconocimientos médicos laborales periódicos de un grupo de 358 trabajadores, 330 varones y 28 mujeres, de una industria metalúrgica de Cantabria con una edad media de 42 ± 8 años. Resultado: La dislipemia constituye el factor de riesgo más relevante por su elevada prevalencia (52% en una población relativamente joven, seguido del tabaquismo (35% y de la obesidad (22%. Estos tres factores de riesgo son también los que presentan un riesgo atribuible mayor en la incidencia de cardiopatía isquémica en la población general española, por lo que deben ser objeto de intervención. Conclusiones: Los servicios de salud laboral de las empresas tienen una posición privilegiada por su accesibilidad para evaluar y tratar los factores de riesgo cardiovascular presentes en la población trabajadora a la que sirven.Objective: The study aims to determine the prevalence and distribution of cardiovascular risk factors in a specific population in order to implement the necessary preventative measures with efficiency criterias. Methods: Cross-sectional study of the distribution of major cardiovascular risk factors (dyslipidemia, smoking, hypertension and diabetes mellitus and the underlying factors (overweight / obesity, physical inactivity, hypertriglyceridemia, alcohol consumption and family history as a function of age

  3. Efeitos da sauna sobre doenças cardiovasculares e doenças relacionadas com o estilo de vida Efectos de la sauna sobre las enfermedades cardiovasculares y las relacionadas al estilo de vida Effects of sauna on cardiovascular and lifestyle-related diseases

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    B. Talebipour

    2006-08-01

    Full Text Available Freqüentar a sauna é uma prática popular de jovens, adultos e idosos saudáveis. Os médicos do esporte são, com freqüência, solicitados a opinar sobre o impacto da sauna nas doenças e na saúde de modo geral. A sauna pode ser benéfica ou maléfica, dependendo do uso que fazemos dela. Nos últimos anos, a sauna está sendo considerada benéfica para os portadores de doenças cardiovasculares como a insuficiência cardíaca e doenças relacionadas com o estilo de vida, principalmente por melhorar a função endotelial periférica, via aumento do débito cardíaco e vasodilatação periférica. A disfunção endotelial está presente em quase todas as doenças cardiovasculares. O presente artigo pretende fazer uma revisão sobre os efeitos da sauna sobre o sistema cardiovascular em indivíduos saudáveis e em determinadas doenças cardiovasculares.Frecuentar la sauna es una práctica popular de jóvenes, adultos y ancianos saludables. Los médicos de deportes son, con frecuencia, solicitados a opinar sobre el impacto de la sauna en las enfermedades y en la salud de modo general. La sauna puede ser benéfica o maléfica dependiendo del uso que hacemos de ella. En los últimos años, la sauna viene siendo considerada como benéfica para los portadores de enfermedades cardiovasculares, tales como la insuficiencia cardiaca y enfermedades relacionadas con el estilo de vida, principalmente, por mejorar la función endotelial periférica, mediante la disminución de la falla cardiaca y la vaso dilatación periférica. La disfunción endotelial está presente en casi todas las enfermedades cardiovasculares. El presente artículo tiene la intención de hacer una revisión sobre los efectos de la sauna sobre el sistema cardiovascular en individuos saludables y en determinadas enfermedades cardiovasculares.Sauna bathes are popular practices of healthy young, adult and older people. Frequently, the sports medicine physicians are invited to evaluate

  4. Diagnósticos de enfermagem de pacientes hospitalizados com doenças cardiovasculares Diagnósticos de enfermería para pacientes hospitalizados com enfermedades cardiovasculares Nursing diagnoses for inpatients with cardiovascular diseases

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    Juliana de Melo Vellozo Pereira

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Identificar a frequência dos diagnósticos de enfermagem e características definidoras de pacientes com doenças cardiovasculares e caracterizá-los quanto às variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas. Método: Estudo descritivo transversal realizado com 30 pacientes hospitalizados em um hospital de grande porte. Utilizou-se instrumento próprio validado para coleta de dados, que foram analisados por 5 peritos;, havendo concordância de 50%, sofreram análise estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: Foram encontradas associações significativas com fatores Presença da Insuficiência Cardíaca, do Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio, da Dor, Sexo e Idade. Os diagnósticos mais frequentes foram: Ansiedade (76,7%, Dor Aguda (70,7%, Débito Cardíaco Diminuído (56,7%, Percepção Sensorial Perturbada - Visual (53,3%, Insônia (46,7%, Intolerância à Atividade (36,7%, Disfunção Sexual (36,7% e Eliminação Urinária Prejudicada (36,7%. Conclusão: a descrição dos diagnósticos de enfermagem contribui para a análise das respostas à doença cardiovascular, com foco no objeto de trabalho do enfermeiro, apresentando respostas à doença cardiovascular por meio de investigação holística.Objetivo: Identificar la frecuencia de los diagnósticos de enfermería y las características principales de los pacientes con enfermedades cardiovasculares y darles características cuanto a las variables sociodemográficas y clínicas. Método: Estudio descriptivo transversal realizado con 30 pacientes hospitalizados en un hospital de gran porte. Se utilizó instrumento propio validado para colecta de datos, estos fueron analizados por 5 peritos y, habiendo concordancia del 50%, sufrieron análisis estadística descriptiva e inferida. Resultados: fueron encontradas asociaciones significativas con los factores presencia de la insuficiencia cardíaca, del infarto agudo de miocardio, del dolor, sexo y edad. Los diagnósticos más frecuentes

  5. Efeitos hemodinâmicos e vasculares do treinamento resistido: implicações na doença cardiovascular

    OpenAIRE

    Umpierre,Daniel; Stein,Ricardo

    2007-01-01

    O treinamento resistido tem sido proposto como possível estratégia para prevenção e reabilitação cardiovascular, e nesse contexto esta revisão descreve os efeitos cardiovasculares mediados por esse tipo de intervenção. O incremento tanto na força muscular quanto na capacidade para realização de tarefas do dia-a-dia são benefícios bem caracterizados ante esse tipo de treinamento. Mais recentemente, estudos que utilizaram a avaliação hemodinâmica verificaram estabilidade cardiovascular em pacie...

  6. Concomitant influence of helminth infection and landscape on the distribution of Puumala hantavirus in its reservoir, Myodes glareolus

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    Henttonen Heikki

    2011-02-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Puumala virus, the agent of nephropathia epidemica (NE, is the most prevalent hantavirus in Europe. The risk for human infection seems to be strongly correlated with the prevalence of Puumala virus (PUUV in populations of its reservoir host species, the bank vole Myodes glareolus. In humans, the infection risks of major viral diseases are affected by the presence of helminth infections. We therefore proposed to analyse the influence of both helminth community and landscape on the prevalence of PUUV among bank vole populations in the Ardennes, a PUUV endemic area in France. Results Among the 313 voles analysed, 37 had anti-PUUV antibodies. Twelve gastro-intestinal helminth species were recorded among all voles sampled. We showed that PUUV seroprevalence strongly increased with age or sexual maturity, especially in the northern forests (massif des Ardennes. The helminth community structure significantly differed between this part and the woods or hedgerows of the southern cretes pre-ardennaises. Using PUUV RNA quantification, we identified significant coinfections between PUUV and gastro-intestinal helminths in the northern forests only. More specifically, PUUV infection was positively associated with the presence of Heligmosomum mixtum, and in a lesser extent, Aonchotheca muris-sylvatici. The viral load of PUUV infected individuals tended to be higher in voles coinfected with H. mixtum. It was significantly lower in voles coinfected with A. muris-sylvatici, reflecting the influence of age on these latter infections. Conclusions This is the first study to emphasize hantavirus - helminth coinfections in natural populations. It also highlights the importance to consider landscape when searching for such associations. We have shown that landscape characteristics strongly influence helminth community structure as well as PUUV distribution. False associations might therefore be evidenced if geographic patterns of helminths or PUUV

  7. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, association with cardiovascular disease and treatment. (I). Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and its association with cardiovascular disease.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Brea, Ángel; Pintó, Xavier; Ascaso, Juan F; Blasco, Mariano; Díaz, Ángel; González-Santos, Pedro; Hernández Mijares, Antonio; Mantilla, Teresa; Millán, Jesús; Pedro-Botet, Juan

    Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) comprises a series of histologically lesions similar to those induced by alcohol consumption in people with very little or no liver damage. The importance of NAFLD is its high prevalence in the Western world and, from the point of view of the liver, in its gradual progression from steatosis to steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. During the last decade it has been observed that NAFLD leads to an increased cardiovascular risk with acceleration of arteriosclerosis and events related to it, being the main cause of its morbidity and mortality. This review, updated to January 2016, consists of two parts, with the first part analysing the association of NAFLD with cardiovascular disease. Copyright © 2016 Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

  8. Perfil cardiovascular em pacientes com apneia obstrutiva do sono Perfil cardiovascular en pacientes con apnea obstructiva del sueño Cardiovascular profile in patients with obstructive sleep apnea

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    Fátima Dumas Cintra

    2011-04-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono (AOS é um fator de risco para várias condições cardiovasculares incluindo aumento na mortalidade cardiovascular. Sendo assim, é essencial o conhecimento das principais repercussões cardiovasculares dos distúrbios respiratórios do sono durante uma avaliação clínica. OBJETIVO: Analisar as características cardiovasculares de pacientes com AOS. MÉTODOS: Pacientes submetidos a polissonografia basal foram consecutivamente selecionados do banco de dados do Instituto do Sono entre março de 2007 e março de 2009. Todos os pacientes foram orientados a comparecer ao ambulatório para coleta de sangue, exame físico, eletrocardiograma de 12 derivações, espirometria, teste cardiopulmonar em esteira ergométrica e ecocardiograma transtorácico. O estudo foi aprovado pelo comitê de ética e pesquisa e registrado no site http://clinicaltrials.gov/ sob o número: NCT00768625. RESULTADOS: Foram analisados 261 pacientes e 108 controles. As principais características dos pacientes com AOS foram: obesidade, hipertensão, baixos níveis plasmáticos de lipoproteínas de alta densidade (HDL e aumento no diâmetro do átrio esquerdo quando comparados com controles (3,75 ± 0,42; 3,61 ± 0,41, p = 0,001, respectivamente. Essas características associadas correspondem a um acréscimo de 16,6 vezes na probabilidade de ocorrência de AOS independentemente do relato de algum sintoma dessa desordem, como sonolência ou ronco. CONCLUSÃO: Na amostra avaliada, o perfil cardiovascular dos pacientes com AOS mais encontrado foi: obesidade, hipertensão arterial, baixos níveis plasmáticos de HDL e átrio esquerdo com diâmetro aumentado.FUNDAMENTO: Apnea obstructiva del sueño (AOS es un factor de riesgo para diversas condiciones cardiovasculares, incluido el aumento en la mortalidad cardiovascular. Por tanto, es imprescindible conocer las principales repercusiones cardiovasculares de los trastornos respiratorios del sue

  9. Zinco e risco cardiovascular de pacientes nefropatas em tratamento de hemodiálise

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    Ádila da Silva Castro

    2018-02-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Investigar a relação entre concentração de zinco e risco cardiovascular em pacientes com insuficiência renal crônica em hemodiálise. Métodos: Estudo analítico, retrospectivo e transversal, realizado em Fortaleza, Ceará, em 2012, do qual participaram 43 adultos com insuficiência renal crônica em hemodiálise (grupo HD e 35 saudáveis (CO - controle. Coletaram-se dados socioeconômicos e bioquímicos (colesterol total - CT, lipoproteína de baixa densidade - LDL, lipoproteína de muito baixa densidade - VLDL, lipoproteína de alta densidade - HDL e triglicerídeos - TG; determinou-se zinco plasmático por espectrometria de emissão óptica com plasma acoplado; coletou-se perfil lipídico do grupo HD do prontuário e do grupo CO por meio de kit Bioclin®. Obteve-se colesterol não-HDL pela fórmula: não-HDL = CT – HDL-c. Calculou-se risco cardiovascular pela razão TG/HDL, considerando risco quando >3,8. Análises por meio de testes t de Student, Pearson ou Spearman. Resultados: O zinco do grupo HD encontrou-se abaixo da referência e menor (p<0,001 em relação ao controle (68,40µg/dL e 85,53µg/dL, respectivamente. HDL no grupo HD mostrou-se abaixo da recomendação (39,64±11,58. VLDL (29,02±14,03mg/dL do grupo HD foi maior (p<0,001 que no CO (15,47±10,65mg/dL. LDL do grupo HD maior que no CO (p=0,05 e o TG no grupo HD (145,14±70,15mg/dL maior (p<0,001 que no CO (77,35±53,25mg/dL. Encontrou-se razão TG/HDL no grupo HD de 4,02±2,60 (p=0,04, indicando maior risco cardiovascular. Pacientes com maior relação TG/HDL apresentaram menores níveis de zinco (p=0,011. Conclusão: Os pacientes em hemodiálise apresentaram deficiência de zinco e possuíam elevado risco cardiovascular, porém sem correlação entre zinco e perfil lipídico.

  10. Neuropatía autonómica diabética cardiovascular

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mauricio Duque

    2013-04-01

    Full Text Available La neuropatía autonómica diabética cardiovascular es un trastorno en el cual una alteración en la regulación del sistema nervioso cardiovascular, por parte del sistema nervioso autónomo, desemboca en una constelación de síntomas, que pueden ir desde intolerancia al ejercicio hasta muerte súbita. Si bien no se conoce su prevalencia exacta, se estima que es alta en pacientes diabéticos, particularmente en aquellos con diabetes de larga data y con presencia de otras comorbilidades. Su reconocimiento temprano puede facilitar el manejo de estos pacientes y a su vez disminuir los costos asociados a pruebas e intervenciones innecesarias con el objetivo de evitar complicaciones asociadas con la enfermedad.

  11. Riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes de un consultorio médico del policlínico "Ana Betancourt" Cardiovascular risk found in patients from a doctor's office in "Ana Betancourt" polyclinics

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luis Manuel Hernández Vázquez

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available Introducción: la capacidad predictiva del riesgo coronario es superior a la que se establece por la consideración aislada de los factores de riesgo cardiovasculares. Objetivo: determinar la magnitud del riesgo coronario y las prioridades de prevención cardiovascular en pacientes pertenecientes al consultorio médico de la familia No.5, del policlínico "Ana Betancourt", en el municipio Playa. Métodos: investigación descriptiva, de corte transversal realizada entre 2009-2010. El universo de estudio estuvo constituido por las 856 personas mayores de 20 años perteneciente a dicho consultorio. Después de aplicados los criterios de selección, la muestra quedó conformada por 242 pacientes. Se utilizaron los criterios de las Tablas de Predicción del Riesgo Coronario de Framingham, que permiten estimar dicho riesgo a diez años, en las personas con factores de riesgo cardiovascular que aún no han tenido enfermedad coronaria establecida y que requieren intervenciones de cambio de su estilo de vida. Resultados: predominaron los pacientes en la categoría de riesgo coronario moderado, 97 (40,1 %, seguido por los de alto riesgo, 82 (33, 8 % y finalmente, los de bajo riesgo, 63 (26 %. Ninguno de los pacientes estudiados estaba exento de riesgo coronario. Conclusiones: es muy probable, que más de la mitad de la muestra sufra un episodio coronario, mortal o no, durante los próximos diez años. Es urgente aplicar una estrategia de intervención comunitaria, basada en la modificación de los factores de riesgo asociados al estilo de vida, que permita disminuir la actual expresión del riesgo coronario en la población estudiada.Introduction: the predictive capacity of the coronary risk is greater than the prediction set by the individual consideration of the cardiovascular risk factors. Objective: to determine the coronary risk and the cardiovascular prevention priorities in patients from the family doctor's office no.5 in "Ana Betancourt

  12. Factores de riesgo cardiovascular desde la perspectiva de sexo y género

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mariana García

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available Resumen: Los diferentes procesos biológicos entre hombres y mujeres se denominan diferencias de sexo y con frecuencia estos reproducibles en modelos animales. En cuanto a enfermedades cardiovasculares, diferencias hormonales que por ende tienen impacto en la expresión y función génica en los cromosomas sexuales, dan como resultado ciertas variaciones respecto a la prevalencia y presentación de condiciones cardiovasculares, incluyendo aquellas asociadas con regulación autonómica, hipertensión, diabetes, remodelación vascular y cardiaca. En contraste, las diferencias de género son únicas para el ser humano y surgen de prácticas socioculturales (medio ambiente, estilo de vida, nutrición. Con el fin de incrementar la calidad en el cuidado clínico desde la perspectiva de las enfermedades cardiovasculares en las mujeres, este capítulo examinará aquellos factores de riesgo cardiovasculares, tanto tradicionales como aquellos únicos y emergentes en la mujer. Abstract: The different biological processes between men and women are termed sex differences, and are frequently reproducible in animal models. With regard to cardiovascular diseases, hormonal differences, which ultimately have an impact on gene expression and function in the sex chromosomes, produce certain variations in the prevalence and presentation of cardiovascular conditions, including those associated with autonomic regulation, hypertension, diabetes and vascular and cardiac remodeling. In contrast, gender differences are unique to human beings and arise from sociocultural practices (environment, lifestyle, nutrition. In order to increase the quality of clinical care from a women's cardiovascular disease perspective, this chapter will examine cardiovascular risk factors, both the traditional ones as well as those that are unique to, and emerging in, women. Palabras clave: Factores de riesgo cardiovascular, Mujer, Enfermedad cardiovascular, Keywords: Cardiovascular risk

  13. Spatial and temporal patterning of bank vole demography and the epidemiology of the Puumala hantavirus in northeastern France.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Augot, D; Sauvage, F; Boue, F; Bouloy, M; Artois, M; Demerson, J M; Combes, B; Coudrier, D; Zeller, H; Cliquet, F; Pontier, D

    2008-12-01

    Epidemiological data from bank voles, Myodes glareolus, naturally infected by the hantavirus Puumala (PUUV) were collected by a capture-mark-recapture protocol from 2000 to 2002 in the French department of Ardennes. Four monitored trapping sites were established in two forests located in two cantons (Flize and Monthermé). We captured 912 bank voles corresponding to 557 different individuals during 8820 trapping nights for an overall trapping success of 10.34%. The average PUUV seroprevalence was 22.4%. Characteristics of the system reported in North European countries are confirmed in France. PUUV seroprevalence and abundance of rodents appeared weakly linked. Adult voles were more frequently antibody-positive, but no difference between sexes was established. Anti-PUUV seropositive voles were captured and high seroprevalence was observed from both forests, without human infection reported in Flize canton during the study. One site among the four exhibited peculiar infection dynamics, where vole weight and infection risk were negatively correlated.

  14. Respostas cardiovasculares agudas em ambiente virtualmente simulado pelo Nintendo Wii

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    Renato Aparecido de Souza

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2013v15n1p60 Recentemente, tem sido verificada a utilização do Nintendo Wii no contexto da saúde. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar as respostas cardiovasculares agudas monitoradas por meio do comportamento da frequência cardíaca, pressão arterial sistólica, pressão arterial diastólica e duplo produto, em ambiente virtualmente simulado pelo console Nintendo Wii. A amostra foi composta por 18 universitários saudáveis, com média de idade de 22,07 ± 1,34 anos. As variáveis foram observadas com uso de deltas (valor final - inicial após 25 arremessos de basquetebol em duas situações experimentais: (I com o voluntário sentado e, (II com o voluntário saltando verticalmente. Os resultados sugerem que a prática de atividade física em ambiente virtual emulado pelo Nintendo Wii é capaz de alterar as respostas cardiovasculares agudas, especialmente, quando realizada em associação a saltos verticais. Assim, os resultados sustentam a viabilidade do uso do Nintendo Wii em programas de treinamento e favorecem sua indicação de forma mais segura.

  15. Distribuição por gênero de ácido úrico sérico e fatores de risco cardiovascular: estudo populacional Distribución por género del ácido úrico sérico y factores de riesgo cardiovascular: estudio poblacional Gender distribution of serum uric acid and cardiovascular risk factors: population based study

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sérgio Lamego Rodrigues

    2012-01-01

    hiperuricemia mesmo em indivíduos normotensos, o que pode adicionar maior risco para a hipertensão.RFUNDAMENTO: No existen datos relativos a la epidemiología de la hiperuricemia en los estudios brasileros de base poblacional. OBJETIVO: Investigar la distribución del ácido úrico sérico y su relación con las variables demográficas y cardiovasculares. MÉTODOS: Estudiamos 1.346 individuos. La hiperuricemia se definió como > 6,8 y > 5,4 mg/dL para hombres y mujeres, respectivamente. El síndrome metabólico (SM fue definido utilizando los criterios NCEP ATP III. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia de hiperuricemia fue de un 13,2%. La asociación del ácido úrico sérico (AUS, con los factores de riesgo cardiovasculares fue específica para el género: en las mujeres, mayores niveles de AUS estuvieron asociados con un IMC elevado, incluso después de los ajustes para la presión arterial sistólica (PAS y edad . En los hombres, la relación del AUS con el colesterol HDL fue mediada por el IMC, mientras que en las mujeres, el AUS demostró ser parecido y dependiente del IMC, independientemente de los niveles de glucosa y de la presencia de hipertensión. En los hombres, los triglicéridos, la circunferencia abdominal (CA y la PAS, explicaron el 11%, 4% y el 1% de la variabilidad del AUS, respectivamente. En las mujeres, la circunferencia abdominal y los triglicéridos explicaron el 9% y el 1% de la variabilidad de AUS, respectivamente. En comparación con el primer cuartil, los hombres y las mujeres, en el cuarto cuartil, tenían 3,29 y 4,18 veces más aumento de riesgo de SM, respectivamente. Las mujeres tenían una prevalencia casi tres veces mayor de diabetes mellitus. Los hombres normotensos con MS tenían mayores niveles de AUS, independiente del IMC. CONCLUSIONES: Nuestros resultados parecen justificar la necesidad de una evaluación con base en el género, respecto de la asociación del AUS con los factores de riesgo cardiovasculares, que demostraron ser más acentuados en

  16. Morbilidad hospitalaria en pacientes con infección por VIH

    OpenAIRE

    Arias Miranda, I. M.; González García, M. E.; García-Alcalde Fernández, M. L.; Fuente García, B. de la; Campoamor Serrano, M. T.; Morís de la Tassa, J.

    2006-01-01

    Fundamento y objetivo: Con el aumento de la esperanza de vida en pacientes con infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) tras el tratamiento antirretroviral de gran actividad (TARGA), las causas de hospitalización han cambiado. Predominan ahora comorbilidades como la hepatopatía crónica, la patología cardiovascular o los efectos secundarios de los tratamientos. Nuestro objetivo es determinar las características clinicoepidemiológicas actuales de estos pacientes. Material y m...

  17. Dietas hiperglicídicas: efeitos da substituição isoenergética de gordura por carboidratos sobre o metabolismo de lipídios, adiposidade corporal e sua associação com atividade física e com o risco de doença cardiovascular

    OpenAIRE

    Polacow, Viviane O.; Lancha Junior, Antonio H.

    2007-01-01

    Há vários anos, vem sendo recomendada à população em geral a diminuição da gordura dietética, a fim de se prevenir doenças cardiovasculares, obesidade, diabetes mellitus tipo 2, dentre outras doenças crônicas. A conseqüência desta recomendação tem sido a substituição de gorduras por carboidratos, resultando na adoção de dietas hiperglicídicas. Porém, ainda é muito discutido se dietas hiperglicídicas devem ser recomendadas à população geral. Pesquisas apontam controvérsias a respeito da associ...

  18. Morbilidad cardiovascular en el adulto mayor

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rita Campillo Motilva

    2001-12-01

    Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio transversal y descriptivo, con el objetivo de definir la morbilidad por enfermedad cardiovascular en pacientes de 60 años y más, en un consultorio médico perteneciente al Policlínico Docente "Dr. Mario Escalona Reguera" del municipio Habana del Este, en el período entre marzo y diciembre del año 2000. Fueron incluidos 69 pacientes, 52 de los cuales (75,3 % presentó algún tipo de enfermedad cardiovascular, y fue el sexo femenino el más afectado (51,9 %. La enfermedad que se encontró con mayor frecuencia fue la hipertensión arterial (43 pacientes para un 62,3 %, observamos que la sistodiastólica (86,1 % y el estadio II (53,5 % fue donde se incluyeron mayor número de individuos. Otras enfermedades encontradas fueron los trastornos electrocardiográficos (33 pacientes para un 47,8 % y valvulopatías (18 pacientes para un 26 %.A cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted in order to define morbidity due to cardiovascular disease in patients aged 60 and over in a family physician’s office of "Dr. Mario Escalona Reguera" Teaching Polyclinic, in Habana del Este municipality, from March to December, 2000. 69 patients were included. 52 of them (75.3 % had some type of cardiovascular disease and females were the most affected (51.9 %. Arterial hypertension was the most commonly found disease (43 patients for 62.3 %. Most of the individuals were included in the systodiastolic (86.1 % and in stage II (53.5 %. Electrocardiographic disorders (33 patients for 47.8 % and valvulopathies (18 patients for 26 % were other of the diseases detected.

  19. Riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes nonagenarios: Antiagregantes y anticoagulantes

    OpenAIRE

    Pérez Expósito, Lucía

    2017-01-01

    A pesar del incremento de la esperanza de vida en los últimos años, las guías de práctica clínica sobre riesgo cardiovascular no tienen en cuenta las comorbilidades, la plurimedicación o las características propias asociadas al envejecimiento de los pacientes de mayor edad. Es más, la prescripción de tratamientos antiagregantes y anticoagulantes en pacientes nonagenarios parece no estar condicionada por la edad, el grado de deterioro mental, el grado de dependencia ni con la...

  20. Creencias en fumadores pertenecientes a un programa de salud cardiovascular Beliefs in Smokers pertaining to program of cardiovascular healt

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Renata Virginia González Consuegra

    2004-11-01

    Full Text Available La presente investigación mediante abordaje cuanti-cualitativo, identifica las creencias de consumidores de tabaco, usuarios de un programa de promoción de la salud cardiovascular en la ciudad de Bogota Colombia, Sur América. A partir de entrevista en profundidad grabada a 15 personas del grupo de promoción de la salud cardiovascular, quienes voluntariamente constituyeron la muestra provisoria hasta lograr la saturación de la temática en cuestión; se obtuvo información que se consideró a partir de la Técnica de Análisis de Contenido propuesta por Bardín, lográndose con ello una descripción amplia de factores motivacionales y desalentadores para el tabaquismo.The present investigation by means of boarding cuanti-qualitative, identifies the beliefs of consumers tobacco, users of a program of promotion of the cardiovascular health in the city of Bogotá Colombia, the South America. To start off, of interview to recorded depth of 15 people of the promotion group, who voluntarily constituted the provisory sample until obtaining the thematic saturation of the at issue one, information which it was considered from the technique of propose Analysis of Content by Badin, being obtained with it an ample description of motivacionales and discouraging factors for the tabacco smocking.

  1. CONSERVACION DE MANZANAS GRANNY SMITH MINIMAMENTE PROCESADAS POR METODOS COMBINADOS

    OpenAIRE

    GALLEGUILLOS CANALES, PAMELA CRISTINA; GALLEGUILLOS CANALES, PAMELA CRISTINA

    2011-01-01

    Se ha demostrado que el consumo de frutas y hortalizas tiene un efecto beneficioso para la salud. Debido a su alto contenido de antioxidantes, constituye una de las maneras más efectivas para reducir el riesgo de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles (Speisky, 2006; Block et al., 1992; Knekt et al., 1997; Ness y Powles, 1997; Doll, 1990; Wang et al., 1996; Del Caro et al., 2004). El aumento de muertes por enfermedades como cáncer, diabetes y enfermedades cardiovasculares, ha llevado a ent...

  2. El cuidado al paciente cardiovascular en situaciones que generan un gran sentimiento de pérdida, amenaza, temor o muerte

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    LUZ NELLY RIVERA ÁLVAREZ

    2008-07-01

    Full Text Available Las personas que viven una enfermedad cardiovascular se encuentran permanentemente afectadas por el malestar, la disfuncionalidad y el sentimiento que esta causa, situación que genera alteraciones en la autoestima del sujeto, pérdidas, duelo frente a estas pérdidas, cambios en su estilo de vida y la percepción de morir; este escenario forma parte no solo del individuo, involucra la familia y su ámbito social. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo revisar los tipos de pérdidas, las etapas del proceso de duelo, algunas consideraciones sobre la muerte, el modelo fásico de morir planteado por Elizabeth Kubler Ross y las dificultades de afrontamiento del personal de enfermería, de la persona que vive una situación de enfermedad cardiovascular y de su familia. La muerte como punto final de la existencia y acontecimiento natural en la experiencia de vida del ser humano es uno de los fenómenos cotidianos a los cuales nos vemos enfrentados los profesionales de enfermería, cuyo abordaje tiene implicaciones emocionales, espirituales y culturales; por lo tanto, se plantean estrategias de afrontamiento para el profesional de enfermería, dirigidas al cuidado de la persona con enfermedad cardiovascular que experimenta sentimientos de pérdida y amenaza o temor de muerte.

  3. Los niveles de ferritina y los marcadores de riesgo cardiovascular se correlacionan con mayor tiempo sedentario auto-reportado en hombres aparentemente sanos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Milton F. Suárez, Bact., MSc

    2012-01-01

    Conclusiones: el tiempo sedentario (minutos sentado/semana reportado por los sujetos, se correlacionó de manera positiva con los niveles de ferritina así como con la resistencia a la insulina y los marcadores de riesgo cardiovascular. Los depósitos de hierro corporales estimados como ferritina sérica, al relacionarse con parámetros de sedentarismo, se comportan como un potencial marcador de riesgo cardiovascular.

  4. Riesgo cardiovascular, una herramienta útil para la prevención de las enfermedades cardiovasculares Cardiovascular risk, a useful tool for prevention of cardiovascular diseases

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jorge Vega Abascal

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available El riesgo cardiovascular se define como la probabilidad de padecer un evento cardiovascular en un determinado período. Mejorar la exactitud en la predicción del riesgo requiere la evaluación y el tratamiento de múltiples factores de riesgo cardiovascular, los que tienen un efecto sinérgico, más que aditivo, sobre el riesgo cardiovascular total. El cálculo utilizando métodos cuantitativos es más preciso que el obtenido con métodos cualitativos. La predicción del riesgo cardiovascular ha constituido, en los últimos años, la piedra angular en las guías clínicas de prevención cardiovascular, y deviene una herramienta útil del Médico de Familia para establecer prioridades en la atención primaria, mejorando la atención a los pacientes y eligiendo más eficazmente la terapéutica a seguir, con el objetivo de acercarnos más a la realidad multifactorial de las enfermedades cardiovasculares y a su prevención.The cardiovascular risk is defined like a probability of suffering a cardiovascular event in a determined period. To improve the accuracy in risk prediction requires the assessment and treatment of different cardiovascular risk factors, which have a synergistic effect more than additive on the total cardiovascular risk. The calculus using quantitative methods is more accurate than that obtained with qualitative methods. The prediction of cardiovascular risk has been in past years the cornerstone in clinical guidances of cardiovascular prevention and becomes an useful tool for Family Physician to establish priorities in the primary care, improving the patients care and selecting in a more effective way the therapy to be followed to bring closer more to multifactor reality of cardiovascular diseases and its prevention.

  5. ATIVIDADE FÍSICA E MODULAÇÃO DO RISCO CARDIOVASCULAR

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcelo Cichocki

    Full Text Available RESUMO Introdução: As doenças cardiovasculares são responsáveis por alto grau de morbidade e mortalidade na população mundial. Em populações saudáveis, a estimativa do risco cardiovascular tem sido calculada a partir de modelos de predição derivados de estudos prospectivos e observacionais. O escore de Framingham é um algoritmo tradicionalmente utilizado como estratégia primária de prevenção de doenças cardiovasculares em pessoas assintomáticas em um período de 10 anos. Para a determinação desse escore são considerados como fatores de risco os níveis séricos de colesterol total, colesterol HDL, pressão sistólica, diabetes mellitus, tabagismo e idade dos pacientes. Objetivo: Avaliar se a prática de atividade física é uma variável importante capaz de modular o risco obtido pelo escore de Framingham. Métodos: Foram considerados dados de 1004 indivíduos, divididos em adultos (18 a 59 anos e idosos (> 60 anos, usando o software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS para as análises estatísticas e adotando-se o nível de significância de 5% (P < 0,05 para todos os testes aplicados. Resultados: A correlação entre os fatores idade, sexo, tabagismo, hipertensão arterial e níveis séricos de HDL e o escore de Framingham foi confirmada tanto no grupo adulto como no idoso. Adicionalmente, nossas análises demonstraram correlação estatisticamente significativa entre a prática de atividade física e o risco calculado por esse escore, ficando evidente que indivíduos adultos ou idosos que praticam atividade física moderada ou intensa apresentam menor risco de desenvolver doença cardiovascular num período de 10 anos. Conclusão: Nossos dados demonstram que a prática de atividade física moderada ou intensa pode modular o escore de Framingham e assim como idade, sexo, tabagismo, hipertensão arterial e níveis séricos de colesterol total e HDL, deve ser considerada entre os fatores de risco de doen

  6. [Omentin: Role in insulin resistance, inflammation and cardiovascular protection].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hernández-Díaz, Adrián; Arana-Martínez, Julio C; Carbó, Roxana; Espinosa-Cervantes, Román; Sánchez-Muñoz, Fausto

    2016-01-01

    The omentin is an adipokine, which role is due to the capacity of regulate metabolic (insulin sensitivity) and anti-inflammatory activities, thus conferring vascular protection during obesity and diabetes mellitus type 2. By this, it is important to know the mechanisms by which omentin confers cardiovascular protection, with the purpose of establish omentin a possible therapeutic target or molecule on this scenario. Copyright © 2015 Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez. Publicado por Masson Doyma México S.A. All rights reserved.

  7. Creencias en fumadores pertenecientes a un programa de salud cardiovascular

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Renata Virginia González Consuegra

    Full Text Available La presente investigación identifica las creencias de consumidores de tabaco, usuarios de un programa de promoción de la salud cardiovascular en la ciudad de Bogota-Colombia, mediante abordaje cuanti-cualitativa. A partir, de entrevista a profundidad grabada por 15 personas del grupo de promoción de la salud cardiovascular, quienes voluntariamente constituyeron la muestra hasta lograr la saturación de la temática en cuestión. Los datos fueron analizados y posibilitaron una descripción holistica de la interpretación frente a al cultura y al habito de consumir tabaco. Se obtuvo información que se consideró lográndose con ello una descripción amplia de motivaciones y factores desalentadores para la cesación del habito del tabaquismo.

  8. Creencias en fumadores pertenecientes a un programa de salud cardiovascular

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    González Consuegra Renata Virginia

    2004-01-01

    Full Text Available La presente investigación identifica las creencias de consumidores de tabaco, usuarios de un programa de promoción de la salud cardiovascular en la ciudad de Bogota-Colombia, mediante abordaje cuanti-cualitativa. A partir, de entrevista a profundidad grabada por 15 personas del grupo de promoción de la salud cardiovascular, quienes voluntariamente constituyeron la muestra hasta lograr la saturación de la temática en cuestión. Los datos fueron analizados y posibilitaron una descripción holistica de la interpretación frente a al cultura y al habito de consumir tabaco. Se obtuvo información que se consideró lográndose con ello una descripción amplia de motivaciones y factores desalentadores para la cesación del habito del tabaquismo.

  9. Muerte súbita debida a cardiotoxicidad aguda inducida por antraciclinas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Orlando D. Navarro-Ulloa

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available Antraciclinas como la doxorrubicina, así como anticuerpos monoclonales, como el trastuzumab, y agentes alquilantes, como la ciclofosfamida, son compuestos muy útiles como quimioterapia citotóxica al reducir en forma significativa la mortalidad relacionada con el cáncer. Sin embargo, su potencial cardiotoxicidad es un efecto adverso mayor que puede presentarse en cualquier momento de su administración o posterior a la misma, en especial cuando se usan combinados. La toxicidad cardiovascular por doxorrubicina suele ser dependiente de dosis e irreversible, mientras la ocasionada por trastuzumab no lo es. Se han encontrado cambios electrocardiográficos habituales durante la administración de quimioterapia, independiente de la dosis acumulada; a estos cambios agudos se les ha dado poca importancia, aunque pueden suceder hasta en el 40% de los pacientes. A pesar de la aparición documentada de arritmias tanto en humanos como en modelos animales, la muerte súbita cardiaca durante o inmediatamente después de la infusión de quimioterapia no está bien descrita. Se presenta el caso de un adulto joven sin antecedentes cardiovasculares, con linfoma no-Hodgkin y corazón con imagen ecocardiográfica muy sugestiva de infiltración linfomatosa del ventrículo izquierdo, quien desarrolla alteraciones del ritmo cardiaco que condicionan muerte súbita tras la infusión endovenosa lenta de doxorrubicina y trastuzumab.

  10. Factores influyentes en adherencia al tratamiento en pacientes con riesgo cardiovascular Fatores influentes na aderência ao tratamento em pacientes com risco cardiovascular Influential factors in adherence to treatment in patients with cardiovascular risk

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alba Luz Rodríguez Acelas

    2010-06-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: describir y analizar los factores que influyen en la adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico y no farmacológico en pacientes con riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular en la Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia. Metodología: estudio descriptivo-metodológico, realizado con 172 pacientes hospitalizados y de consulta ambulatoria. El instrumento aplicado fue diseñado por Bonilla (8, su utilidad es evaluar la adherencia a los tratamientos farmacológicos y no farmacológicos en pacientes con factores de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular, tiene pruebas de validez facial y contenido (0,91, consistencia interna por test-retest estadísticamente significativo y coeficiente alfa de Cronbach (0,85; este último hallado en el presente estudio. Resultados: 80,8% de las personas presentan alto riesgo de no adherirse, 12,8% con ventajas y 6,4% no muestra adherencia a los tratamientos. Las edades oscilaron entre 23-85, la asistencia a la institución en mujeres fue 63,4% respecto a hombres (36,6%. Asimismo, se evidenció que la adherencia beneficia el factor relacionado con el paciente. En contraste, disminuyen los factores relacionados con el proveedor: sistema y equipo de salud, con la terapia y el factor socioeconómico. Discusión y conclusiones: entre los factores que apoyan la adherencia se encuentra el reconocimiento de la enfermedad, confianza en el tratamiento, apoyo de redes sociales y respaldo de la institución. A diferencia, debilitan la adherencia las dificultades económicas, falta de permisos, dificultades en modificar hábitos y déficit de conocimientos. Los resultados reflejan la necesidad de fortalecer a los profesionales de la salud en el manejo de la adherencia desde los ámbitos académicos y la creación o fortalecimiento de los programas educativos en las instituciones de salud.Objetivo: descrever e analisar os fatores que influem na aderência ao tratamento farmacológico e não farmacológico em pacientes com risco de

  11. Factores influyentes en adherencia al tratamiento en pacientes con riesgo cardiovascular Influential factors in adherence to treatment in patients with cardiovascular risk Fatores influentes na aderência ao tratamento em pacientes com risco cardiovascular

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gómez Ochoa Ana Maritza

    2010-04-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: describir y analizar los factores que influyen en la adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico y no farmacológico en pacientes con riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular en la Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia. Metodología: estudio descriptivo-metodológico, realizado con 172 pacientes hospitalizados y de consulta ambulatoria. El instrumento aplicado fue diseñado por Bonilla (8, su utilidad es evaluar la adherencia a los tratamientos farmacológicos y no farmacológicos en pacientes con factores de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular, tiene pruebas de validez facial y contenido (0,91, consistencia interna por test-retest estadísticamente significativo y coeficiente alfa de Cronbach (0,85; este último hallado en el presente estudio. Resultados: 80,8% de las personas presentan alto riesgo de no adherirse, 12,8% con ventajas y 6,4% no muestra adherencia a los tratamientos. Las edades oscilaron entre 23-85, la asistencia a la institución en mujeres fue 63,4% respecto a hombres (36,6%. Asimismo, se evidenció que la adherencia beneficia el factor relacionado con el paciente. En contraste, disminuyen los factores relacionados con el proveedor: sistema y equipo de salud, con la terapia y el factor socioeconómico. Discusión y conclusiones: entre los factores que apoyan la adherencia se encuentra el reconocimiento de la enfermedad, confianza en el tratamiento, apoyo de redes sociales y respaldo de la institución. A diferencia, debilitan la adherencia las dificultades económicas, falta de permisos, dificultades en modificar hábitos y déficit de conocimientos. Los resultados reflejan la necesidad de fortalecer a los profesionales de la salud en el manejo de la adherencia desde los ámbitos académicos y la creación o fortalecimiento de los programas educativos en las instituciones de salud.Objective: describe and analyze factors that influence the adherence to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment in patients with risk

  12. Analysis of the Cochrane Review: Fibrates for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease and stroke.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pires da Rosa, Gilberto; Libânio, Diogo; Filipe Azevedo, Luís

    2017-01-01

    The influence of fibrates on cardiovascular risk has been the focus of several clinical trials. This Cochrane Collaboration Systematic Review evaluated the efficacy of fibrates for secondary prevention of cardiovascular events and stroke, analyzing 13 randomized controlled trials, in a total of 16 112 participants with a history of cardiovascular disease. Fibrates showed a protective effect for the composite outcome of non-fatal stroke, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI) and vascular death, mainly due to reduction in the risk of non-fatal or fatal MI. Nonetheless, these results largely relied on studies including clofibrate, a drug withdrawn from the market in 2002. No statistically significant differences regarding adverse events were found between fibrates and placebo. Although insufficient to support the routine prescription of fibrates in this setting, this evidence should be taken into account when deciding on lipid-modifying therapy in dyslipidemic patients with a history of cardiovascular disease. Copyright © 2016 Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

  13. [Clinical trial with educational intervention in perimenopausal women with cardiovascular risk factor].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Soto-Rodríguez, Anxela; García-Soidán, José Luís; de Toro-Santos, Manuel; Rodríguez-González, Manuel; Arias-Gómez, M Jesús; Pérez-Fernández, María Reyes

    To assess whether an educational intervention in women in perimenopausal age with diabetes mellitus, hypertension and/or dyslipidemia could improve aspects of quality of life and exercise. A randomized clinical trial. physical activity, quality of life and weight in women aged 45-60 years (n = 320) at time 0 and 12 months after surgery. intervention group (IG): 3 interactive workshops on cardiovascular disease prevention and control group (CG): information by mail. The IG obtained better scores on the mental component of quality of life one year later (p cardiovascular risk factor improves aspects of quality of life and of healthy habits such as physical activity. Copyright © 2016 SESPAS. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

  14. Efeitos de variáveis psicológicas na reatividade cardiovascular em momentos de stress emocional

    OpenAIRE

    Lipp,Marilda Emmanuel Novaes; Frare,Adriana; Santos,Flavia Urbino dos

    2007-01-01

    A influência de características psicológicas no aumento da pressão arterial tem sido objeto de muitas indagações. Este trabalho analisou como, em momentos de stress, a reatividade cardiovascular é afetada por fatores psicológicos. Oitenta hipertensos responderam ao Inventario de Sintomas de Stress de Lipp, à Escala de Alexitimia de Toronto e ao Questionário de Assertividade, e passaram por uma sessão experimental envolvendo interações sociais estressantes. A pressão arterial e a freqüência ca...

  15. Estudo comparativo da mortalidade cardiovascular e por neoplasia de Adventistas e Não Adventistas do Estado do Espírito Santo, no período de 2003 a 2009

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elizabete Regina Araújo Oliveira

    2016-03-01

    Full Text Available RESUMO: Introdução: Populações com hábitos de saúde mais saudáveis têm sido investigadas quanto ao seu padrão de ocorrência de doenças. Objetivo: Este estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar os padrões de mortalidade geral e por doenças cardiovasculares em Adventistas do Sétimo Dia (ASDs do Estado do Espírito Santo (ES, Brasil, e compará-los com a mortalidade pelas mesmas causas na população do Estado. Métodos: Foram investigados 14.519 Adventistas vivos e 995 falecidos com idade ≥ 30 anos no período de 2003 a 2009. Entre esses, 896 óbitos registrados foram confirmados no Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM do Ministério da Saúde. Foram calculadas as razões padronizadas de mortalidade (RPM com o método indireto, tendo como população padrão a população ≥ 30 anos de idade do Estado. Resultados: Os Adventistas apresentaram taxas mais baixas de mortalidade geral, 42,5% menor em relação à população do ES (RMP = 57,5; IC95% 47,8 - 68,2, 52,2% menor por doenças isquêmicas do coração (RMP = 48; IC95% 25,0 - 82,8 e 46,3% menor por doenças cerebrovasculares (RMP = 54; IC95% 30,4 - 87,8. Conclusão: Hábitos saudáveis dos Adventistas em relação a dieta, tabagismo e consumo de álcool podem ter influenciado suas taxas de mortalidade mais baixas.

  16. Duke Activity Status Index em Doenças Cardiovasculares: Validação de Tradução em Português

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mariana A. Coutinho-Myrrha

    2014-04-01

    Full Text Available Fundamentos: O Duke Activity Status Index (DASI avalia a capacidade funcional de pacientes com doença cardiovascular (DCV, mas não há versão validada em português para doenças cardiovasculares. Objetivos: Traduzir e adaptar culturalmente o DASI para o idioma português do Brasil, e verificar suas propriedades psicométricas na avaliação da capacidade funcional de pacientes com doenças cardiovasculares. Métodos: O DASI foi traduzido para o português, verificado pela retrotradução para o inglês e avaliado por um comitê de especialistas. A versão pré-teste foi avaliada pela primeira vez em 30 indivíduos. As propriedades psicométricas e a correlação com o teste de esforço foram verificadas em um segundo grupo de 67 indivíduos. Uma análise fatorial exploratória foi realizada em todos os 97 pacientes para verificar a validade de construto do DASI. Resultados: O coeficiente de correlação intraclasse para a confiabilidade teste-reteste foi de 0,87 e para a confiabilidade entre avaliadores foi de 0,84. O alfa de Cronbach para consistência interna foi de 0,93. A validade concorrente foi verificada por correlações positivas significativas de pontuações do DASI com o VO2 max (r = 0,51, p < 0,001. A análise fatorial mostrou dois fatores que explicaram 54% da variância total, com o fator 1 responsável por 40 % da variância. A aplicação do DASI requer entre um e três minutos e meio por paciente. Conclusão: A versão brasileira do DASI parece ser um instrumento válido, confiável, rápido e fácil de administrar para avaliar a capacidade funcional em pacientes com doenças cardiovasculares.

  17. Relating increasing hantavirus incidences to the changing climate: the mast connection

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maes Piet

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Nephropathia epidemica (NE, an emerging rodent-borne viral disease, has become the most important cause of infectious acute renal failure in Belgium, with sharp increases in incidence occurring for more than a decade. Bank voles are the rodent reservoir of the responsible hantavirus and are known to display cyclic population peaks. We tried to relate these peaks to the cyclic NE outbreaks observed since 1993. Our hypothesis was that the ecological causal connection was the staple food source for voles, being seeds of deciduous broad-leaf trees, commonly called "mast". We also examined whether past temperature and precipitation preceding "mast years" were statistically linked to these NE outbreaks. Results Since 1993, each NE peak is immediately preceded by a mast year, resulting in significantly higher NE case numbers during these peaks (Spearman R = -0.82; P = 0.034. NE peaks are significantly related to warmer autumns the year before (R = 0.51; P Conclusion NE peaks in year 0 are induced by abundant mast formation in year-1, facilitating bank vole survival during winter, thus putting the local human population at risk from the spring onwards of year 0. This bank vole survival is further promoted by higher autumn temperatures in year-1, whereas mast formation itself is primed by higher summer temperatures in year-2. Both summer and autumn temperatures have been rising to significantly higher levels during recent years, explaining the virtually continuous epidemic state since 2005 of a zoonosis, considered rare until recently. Moreover, in 2007 a NE peak and an abundant mast formation occurred for the first time within the same year, thus forecasting yet another record NE incidence for 2008. We therefore predict that with the anticipated climate changes due to global warming, NE might become a highly endemic disease in Belgium and surrounding countries.

  18. Percepção do médico sobre pagamento por desempenho no gerenciamento de doenças cardiovasculares: o caso de uma operadora de plano de saúde The physician's perception on the use of pay-per-performance in a management program of cardiovascular diseases: the case of a health plan provider

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cármen Lúcia Soares Gomes

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available Desde os anos 50, os fatores de risco para as doenças cardiovasculares passaram a ser valorizados. O gerenciamento de doenças cardiovasculares (PGC busca a construção da autonomia e melhoria da qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Em alguns países, para alcançar esses objetivos, tem sido apontada a utilização de programas de pagamento por desempenho (PPP aos médicos como um dos elementos de melhoria nos processos e nos resultados dos pacientes e na condição de remuneração. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar o ponto de vista dos médicos sobre a implantação dos pagamentos por desempenho vinculados ao PGC em uma operadora de plano de saúde. Trata-se de investigação de caráter qualitativo, do tipo estudo de caso, apresentando entrevistas semiestruturadas com médicos participantes ou não do PGC, em setembro de 2009, tendo como referência as ações implantadas em 2008. Foram entrevistados 23 médicos (14 homens e 09 mulheres. Como resultado foi observado que o incentivo financeiro é reconhecido pelos médicos como importante, mas não determinante da inclusão de pacientes no PGC. O principal motivo apresentado foi a organização do cuidado, no qual o paciente é mais bem acompanhado e controlado, e o trabalho médico, avaliado segundo parâmetros preestabelecidos. O PGC e o PPP têm potencial de transformação do cuidado em saúde. O trabalho multidisciplinar e a maior produtividade nos atendimentos no consultório foram os principais efeitos positivos identificados. Outros estudos são necessários para acompanhar a evolução e os efeitos do pagamento por desempenho no trabalho médico.Since the '50s, people began to give increasing value to the risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The management of cardiovascular disease (CMP seeks the construction of patient autonomy and improved quality of life. In some countries, to reach these goals, the use of pay-per-performance (PPP to physicians has been mentioned as one of the

  19. Análogos de incretina e inhibidores de la DDP-4: ¿qué papel desempeñan en la prevención primaria de las enfermedades cardiovasculares?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Patricio López-Jaramillo

    Full Text Available La diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2 es una enfermedad altamente prevalente, la cual ha mostrado un incremento acelerado en las últimas décadas, pues se ha duplicado el número de personas con esta enfermedad. Diversos estudios epidemiológicos revelan que el 70% de las muertes por diabetes son causadas por eventos cardiovasculares (enfermedad coronaria y accidente cerebrovascular. Recientemente se ha observado una expansión en el descubrimiento de medicamentos para el manejo de la DM2, los mismos que, para su introducción en el mercado, deben mostrar beneficios adicionales para el sistema cardiovascular. Este artículo tiene como propósito determinar el papel de los nuevos medicamentos hipoglicemiantes que actúan en el sistema de las incretinas y sus efectos en la prevención primaria de eventos cardiovasculares.

  20. Análogos de incretina e inhibidores de la DPP-4: ¿qué papel desempeñan en la prevención primaria de las enfermedades cardiovasculares?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Patricio López-Jaramillo, MD., PhD., FACP.

    2013-09-01

    Full Text Available La diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2 es una enfermedad altamente prevalente, la cual ha mostrado un incremento acelerado en las últimas décadas, pues se ha duplicado el número de personas con esta enfermedad. Diversos estudios epidemiológicos revelan que el 70% de las muertes por diabetes son causadas por eventos cardiovasculares (enfermedad coronaria y accidente cerebrovascular. Recientemente se ha observado una expansión en el descubrimiento de medicamentos para el manejo de la DM2, los mismos que, para su introducción en el mercado, deben mostrar beneficios adicionales para el sistema cardiovascular. Este artículo tiene como propósito determinar el papel de los nuevos medicamentos hipoglicemiantes que actúan en el sistema de las incretinas y sus efectos en la prevención primaria de eventos cardiovasculares.

  1. [Hypertensive disorders during pregnancy: Cardiovascular long-term outcomes].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Alvarez-Alvarez, B; Martell-Claros, N; Abad-Cardiel, M; García-Donaire, J A

    Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) induces maternal and fetal damage, but it can also be the beginning of future metabolic and vascular disorders. The relative risk of chronic hypertension after PIH is between 2.3 and 11, and the likelihood of subsequent development of type 2 diabetes is multiplied by 1.8. Women with prior preeclampsia/eclampsia have a twofold risk of stroke and a higher frequency of arrhythmias and hospitalization due to heart failure. Furthermore, a tenfold greater risk for long-term chronic kidney disease is observed as well. The relative risk of cardiovascular death is 2.1 times higher compared to the group without pregnancy-induced hypertension problems, although the risk is between 4 and 7 times higher in preterm birth associated with gestational hypertension or pre-existing hypertension The postpartum period is a great opportunity to intervene on lifestyle, obesity, make an early diagnosis of chronic hypertension and DM and provide the necessary treatments to prevent cardiovascular complications in women. Copyright © 2016 SEH-LELHA. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

  2. Circulatory disease mortality rates in the elderly and exposure to PM2.5 generated by biomass burning in the Brazilian Amazon in 2005 Mortalidad por enfermedades cardiovasculares en los ancianos y la exposición a PM2,5 como resultado de la quema en la Amazonia brasileña en 2005 Mortalidade por doenças circulatórias na população idosa e exposição a PM2,5 em decorrência das queimadas na Amazônia brasileira em 2005

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eliane Ignotti

    2013-03-01

    Full Text Available The aim of this study was to analyze the association between the exposure to fine particulate matter and circulatory disease mortality rates in the elderly living in the Brazilian Amazon. An ecological study of circulatory disease, acute myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular disease mortality rates in micro areas of the Brazilian Amazon was carried out. The environmental exposure indicator used was percentage hours of PM2.5 concentrations > 25µg/m³ divided by the total number of estimated hours of PM2.5 in 2005. The association between exposure and circulatory disease mortality rates was strongest in the oldest age group. No significant statistical association was found between cerebrovascular disease mortality rates and exposure. Circulatory disease mortality rates in the elderly living in the Amazon have been influenced by atmospheric pollution from emissions caused by forest fires.El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la asociación entre la exposición a las partículas finas, con tasas de mortalidad por enfermedades cardiovasculares en los ancianos en la Amazonia brasileña. Se trata de un estudio ecológico de las tasas de mortalidad por enfermedades cardiovasculares, el infarto agudo de miocardio y enfermedades cerebrovasculares en las microrregiones brasileñas de la Amazonia. El indicador de la exposición ambiental fue estimado como un porcentaje de horas de PM2,5 > 25µg/m³, dividido por el número total de horas estimado de PM2,5 en 2005. La asociación del indicador de exposición con las tasas de mortalidad para las enfermedades circulatorias fue mayor en el grupo de mayor edad. La tasa de mortalidad por enfermedad cerebrovascular no se asoció con el indicador de exposición. Las enfermedades cardiovasculares en los ancianos que viven en la Amazonia han sido influenciadas por la contaminación atmosférica, causada por las emisiones de los incendios.O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a associação da exposição ao

  3. IMPACTO DE LA HIPERTENSIÓN ARTERIAL COMO FACTOR DE RIESGO CARDIOVASCULAR

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    E.U. María Teresa Lira C.

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available La Hipertensión Arterial (HTA continúa siendo un problema de Salud Pública relevante a nivel mundial. En Chile es la principal causa de morbimortalidad y el factor de riesgo de mayor carga atribuible para la patología cardiovascular isquècmica y el accidente cerebrovascular. En este artículo se revisa su prevalencia, el grado de conocimiento, el logro de su control y tratamiento, así como su riesgo atribuible analizando la carga de enfermedad y la pècrdida de años por discapacidad. Se presentan estudios del impacto de su inclusión en el AUGE, resultados de la intervención multidisciplinaria, su interacción con otros factores de riesgo cardiovascular y se comentan algunos aspectos de las actualizaciones de las guías internacionales para su manejo.

  4. Genes y variantes polimórficas asociadas a la enfermedad cardiovascular

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eliana C. Portilla

    2014-09-01

    Full Text Available La aterosclerosis se considera como la principal causante de enfermedades cardiovasculares. Es una enfermedad multifactorial, caracterizada por procesos inflamatorios y la internalización continua de moléculas lipídicas al interior del vaso. Los estudios de genes candidato han proporcionado conocimiento acerca de la fisiopatología de esta enfermedad y han permitido la postulación de algunos polimorfismos como responsables de la susceptibilidad genética en diversas poblaciones. En particular, estos polimorfismos que modulan ciertas vías moleculares tales como el estrés oxidativo, el metabolismo lipídico y la trombogénesis se asocian con el desarrollo de las enfermedades cardiovasculares. Se han conducido varios estudios para identificar nuevas variantes asociadas con la enfermedad que han permitido el descubrimiento de nuevas vías de la enfermedad. Aunque el hallazgo de nuevos genes asociados a la enfermedad cardiovascular a través de enfoques como el escaneo global del genoma ha contribuido al entendimiento del desarrollo de esta condición, el conocimiento aún es limitado y poco concluyente. El objetivo de esta revisión es identificar los genes y las variantes polimórficas asociadas a la enfermedad cardiovascular, de acuerdo con los diferentes enfoques de análisis de asociación genética.

  5. Non-cardiovascular findings in clinical cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in children

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ghadimi Mahani, Maryam; Morani, Ajaykumar C.; Lu, Jimmy C.; Dorfman, Adam L.; Fazeli Dehkordy, Soudabeh; Jeph, Sunil; Agarwal, Prachi P.

    2016-01-01

    With increasing use of pediatric cardiovascular MRI, it is important for all imagers to become familiar with the spectrum of non-cardiovascular imaging findings that can be encountered. This study aims to ascertain the prevalence and nature of these findings in pediatric cardiovascular MRIs performed at our institution. We retrospectively evaluated reports of all cardiovascular MRI studies performed at our institute from January 2008 to October 2012 in patients younger than18 years. Most studies (98%) were jointly interpreted by a pediatric cardiologist and a radiologist. We reviewed the electronic medical records of all cases with non-cardiovascular findings, defined as any imaging finding outside the cardiovascular system. Non-cardiovascular findings were classified into significant and non-significant, based on whether they were known at the time of imaging or they required additional workup or a change in management. In 849 consecutive studies (mean age 9.7 ± 6.3 years), 145 non-cardiovascular findings were found in 140 studies (16.5% of total studies). Overall, 51.0% (74/145) of non-cardiovascular findings were in the abdomen, 30.3% (44/145) were in the chest, and 18.6% (27/145) were in the spine. A total of 19 significant non-cardiovascular findings were observed in 19 studies in individual patients (2.2% of total studies, 47% male, mean age 5.9 ± 6.7 years). Significant non-cardiovascular findings included hepatic adenoma, arterially enhancing focal liver lesions, asplenia, solitary kidney, pelvicaliectasis, renal cystic diseases, gastric distention, adrenal hemorrhage, lung hypoplasia, air space disease, bronchial narrowing, pneumomediastinum and retained surgical sponge. Non-cardiovascular findings were seen in 16.5% of cardiovascular MRI studies in children, of which 2.2% were clinically significant findings. Prevalence and nature of these non-cardiovascular findings are different from those reported in adults. Attention to these findings is important

  6. Non-cardiovascular findings in clinical cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in children

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ghadimi Mahani, Maryam [University of Michigan Health System, C.S. Mott Children' s Hospital, Department of Radiology, Section of Pediatric Radiology, Ann Arbor, MI (United States); Morani, Ajaykumar C. [The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Houston, TX (United States); Lu, Jimmy C.; Dorfman, Adam L. [University of Michigan Health System, C.S. Mott Children' s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Ann Arbor, MI (United States); Fazeli Dehkordy, Soudabeh [University of Michigan Health System, C.S. Mott Children' s Hospital, Department of Radiology, Section of Pediatric Radiology, Ann Arbor, MI (United States); Providence Hospital and Medical Centers, Department of Graduate Medical Education, Southfield, MI (United States); Jeph, Sunil [The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Houston, TX (United States); Geisinger Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Danville, PA (United States); Agarwal, Prachi P. [University of Michigan Health System, Department of Radiology, Division of Cardiothoracic Radiology, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)

    2016-04-15

    With increasing use of pediatric cardiovascular MRI, it is important for all imagers to become familiar with the spectrum of non-cardiovascular imaging findings that can be encountered. This study aims to ascertain the prevalence and nature of these findings in pediatric cardiovascular MRIs performed at our institution. We retrospectively evaluated reports of all cardiovascular MRI studies performed at our institute from January 2008 to October 2012 in patients younger than18 years. Most studies (98%) were jointly interpreted by a pediatric cardiologist and a radiologist. We reviewed the electronic medical records of all cases with non-cardiovascular findings, defined as any imaging finding outside the cardiovascular system. Non-cardiovascular findings were classified into significant and non-significant, based on whether they were known at the time of imaging or they required additional workup or a change in management. In 849 consecutive studies (mean age 9.7 ± 6.3 years), 145 non-cardiovascular findings were found in 140 studies (16.5% of total studies). Overall, 51.0% (74/145) of non-cardiovascular findings were in the abdomen, 30.3% (44/145) were in the chest, and 18.6% (27/145) were in the spine. A total of 19 significant non-cardiovascular findings were observed in 19 studies in individual patients (2.2% of total studies, 47% male, mean age 5.9 ± 6.7 years). Significant non-cardiovascular findings included hepatic adenoma, arterially enhancing focal liver lesions, asplenia, solitary kidney, pelvicaliectasis, renal cystic diseases, gastric distention, adrenal hemorrhage, lung hypoplasia, air space disease, bronchial narrowing, pneumomediastinum and retained surgical sponge. Non-cardiovascular findings were seen in 16.5% of cardiovascular MRI studies in children, of which 2.2% were clinically significant findings. Prevalence and nature of these non-cardiovascular findings are different from those reported in adults. Attention to these findings is important

  7. Factores influyentes en adherencia al tratamiento en pacientes con riesgo cardiovascular

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    Alba Luz Rodríguez Acelas

    2010-06-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: describir y analizar los factores que influyen en la adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico y no farmacológico en pacientes con riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular en la Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia. Metodología: estudio descriptivo-metodológico, realizado con 172 pacientes hospitalizados y de consulta ambulatoria. El instrumento aplicado fue diseñado por Bonilla (8, su utilidad es evaluar la adherencia a los tratamientos farmacológicos y no farmacológicos en pacientes con factores de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular, tiene pruebas de validez facial y contenido (0,91, consistencia interna por test-retest estadísticamente significativo y coeficiente alfa de Cronbach (0,85; este último hallado en el presente estudio. Resultados: 80,8% de las personas presentan alto riesgo de no adherirse, 12,8% con ventajas y 6,4% no muestra adherencia a los tratamientos. Las edades oscilaron entre 23-85, la asistencia a la institución en mujeres fue 63,4% respecto a hombres (36,6%. Asimismo, se evidenció que la adherencia beneficia el factor relacionado con el paciente. En contraste, disminuyen los factores relacionados con el proveedor: sistema y equipo de salud, con la terapia y el factor socioeconómico. Discusión y conclusiones: entre los factores que apoyan la adherencia se encuentra el reconocimiento de la enfermedad, confianza en el tratamiento, apoyo de redes sociales y respaldo de la institución. A diferencia, debilitan la adherencia las dificultades económicas, falta de permisos, dificultades en modificar hábitos y déficit de conocimientos. Los resultados reflejan la necesidad de fortalecer a los profesionales de la salud en el manejo de la adherencia desde los ámbitos académicos y la creación o fortalecimiento de los programas educativos en las instituciones de salud.

  8. Effectiveness of personalized face-to-face and telephone nursing counseling interventions for cardiovascular risk factors: a controlled clinical trial.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vílchez Barboza, Vivian; Klijn, Tatiana Paravic; Salazar Molina, Alide; Sáez Carrillo, Katia Lorena

    2016-08-08

    to evaluate the effect and gender differences of an innovative intervention involving in-person and telephone nursing counseling to control cardiovascular risk factors (arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, and overweight), improve health-related quality of life and strengthen self-efficacy and social support in persons using the municipal health centers' cardiovascular health program. a randomized controlled clinical trial involving participants randomized into the intervention group who received traditional consultation plus personalized and telephone nursing counseling for 7 months (n = 53) and the control group (n = 56). The study followed the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials Statement. women in the intervention group presented a significant increase in the physical and mental health components compared to the control group, with decreases in weight, abdominal circumference, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and the atherogenic index. The effects attributable to the intervention in the men in the intervention group were increased physical and emotional roles and decreased systolic and diastolic pressure, waist circumference, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, atherogenic index, cardiovascular risk factor, and 10-year coronary risk. this intervention is an effective strategy for the control of three cardiovascular risk factors and the improvement of health-related quality of life. evaluar efecto y diferencias por sexo de una intervención innovadora "Consejería de Enfermería Personalizada y Telefónica", dirigida al control de factores de riesgo cardiovascular (hipertensión arterial, dislipidemia y sobrepeso) y al mejoramiento de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud, fortaleciendo la autoeficacia y el apoyo social en personas usuarias del programa de salud cardiovascular de los Centros de Salud Municipales de Concepción. ensayo clínico controlado aleatoriamente y selección aleatoria de

  9. RESPUESTAS CARDIOVASCULARES AL ENTRENAMIENTO DE FUERZA BAJO OCLUSIÓN VASCULAR [Cardiovascular responses to strength training under occlusive training

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    Sergio Benito Hernández

    2013-11-01

    Full Text Available El entrenamiento de la fuerza bajo oclusión vascular se muestra como una alternativa al entrenamiento de alta intensidad. El presente estudio muestra las respuestas cardiovasculares a este tipo de entrenamiento. 10 sujetos fueron sometidos a dos protocolos de entrenamiento oclusivo diferenciados por el peso levantado, (30% del peso máximo, post30, y 70% del peso máximo, post70. Se registraron los valores de tensión arterial sistólica (TAS, diastólica (TAD y frecuencia cardiaca (FC. Los resultados evidencian disminución significativa en TAS y TAD en el grupo post30 en 7 y 13 mm Hg respectivamente en referencia a los valores basales (p<0.05, resultando un descenso muy significativo en el grupo post70, 14 y 20 mm Hg respectivamente (p<0.005. Los valores de la FC no se vieron alterados por ninguno de los protocolos experimentales (p>0.05. Los efectos de tamaño para todos los grupos resultaron triviales (d<0.25. En conclusión los resultados del presente estudios presentan una tendencia a la reducción de la tensión arterial significativa en TAS y TAD en los protocolos de entrenamiento oclusivo, resultando más notable cuando se aplica la mayor intensidad de entrenamiento. Resultan necesarios más estudios que examinen el comportamiento de los parámetros cardiovasculares tras el entrenamiento de fuerza bajo oclusión vascular.AbstractOcclusive strength training is shown like an alternative to intensive training. Present study shown cardiovascular responses to this training. 10 subjects were subjected to two occlusion training protocols, differentiated by the weight lifted (30 % of maximum weight lifted, post30, and 70 % of maximum weight lifted, post70. The values of arterial systolic tension (TAS, diastolic (TAD and heart rate (FC were recorded. The results showing a significant decline in TAS and TAD after post30 of 7 and 13 mm Hg respectively from basis values (p<0.05, resulting a very significant decline in post70 group, 14 and 20 mm Hg

  10. Fatores de risco cardiovascular em adultos jovens de um município do Nordeste brasileiro

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    Emiliana Bezerra Gomes

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available Objetivou-se averiguar fatores de risco cardiovasculares em adultos jovens num interior do Nordeste brasileiro. Estudo quantitativo realizado com 351 escolares adultos jovens de 12 escolas públicas em Juazeiro do Norte, Ceará, selecionados aleatoriamente e estratificados por escola e turno. Os resultados apresentaram maioria feminina, mestiça, conciliando estudo e trabalho, sem companheiro(a e morando com os pais. Houve sedentarismo (57,3%, obesidade/sobrepeso (19,4%, adição de sal à comida (54,4%, ingestão alcoólica (76,1%, hipertensão arterial (1,1% com 50% de não adesão ao tratamento, diabetes mellitus (0,6% e antecedentes familiares de doenças cardiovasculares (86,3%. Caracterizar os riscos cardiovasculares entre os adultos jovens direciona ações de saúde e potencialidades nas parcerias com as escolas.

  11. El cuidado al paciente cardiovascular en situaciones que generan un gran sentimiento de pérdida, amenaza, temor o muerte Caring of a person with a cardiovascular disease in situation that generates feelings of loss, threat, fear, or death

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    LUZ NELLY RIVERA ÁLVAREZ

    2008-07-01

    Full Text Available Las personas que viven una enfermedad cardiovascular se encuentran permanentemente afectadas por el malestar, la disfuncionalidad y el sentimiento que esta causa, situación que genera alteraciones en la autoestima del sujeto, pérdidas, duelo frente a estas pérdidas, cambios en su estilo de vida y la percepción de morir; este escenario forma parte no solo del individuo, involucra la familia y su ámbito social. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo revisar los tipos de pérdidas, las etapas del proceso de duelo, algunas consideraciones sobre la muerte, el modelo fásico de morir planteado por Elizabeth Kubler Ross y las dificultades de afrontamiento del personal de enfermería, de la persona que vive una situación de enfermedad cardiovascular y de su familia. La muerte como punto final de la existencia y acontecimiento natural en la experiencia de vida del ser humano es uno de los fenómenos cotidianos a los cuales nos vemos enfrentados los profesionales de enfermería, cuyo abordaje tiene implicaciones emocionales, espirituales y culturales; por lo tanto, se plantean estrategias de afrontamiento para el profesional de enfermería, dirigidas al cuidado de la persona con enfermedad cardiovascular que experimenta sentimientos de pérdida y amenaza o temor de muerte.People living with cardiovascular disease find themselves permanently affected by uneasiness, disfunctionality and the feeling it causes. This situation creates changes in the patient's self-esteem, losses, mourning for these losses, changes in their lifestyle and the perception of death; this scenery is part not only of the individual, but it also involves the family and his/ her social environment. The purpose of this article is to review the types of losses, the stages of the mourning process, some considerations about death, the phasic process of dying suggested by Elizabeth Kubler Ross and the difficulties faced by nursing personnel, the person suffering the cardiovascular

  12. Caring of a person with a cardiovascular disease in situation that generates feelings of loss, threat, fear, or death El cuidado al paciente cardiovascular en situaciones que generan un gran sentimiento de pérdida, amenaza, temor o muerte

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    RIVERA ÁLVAREZ LUZ NELLY

    2008-07-01

    Full Text Available People living with cardiovascular disease find themselves permanently affected by uneasiness, disfunctionality and the feeling it causes. This situation creates changes in the patient's self-esteem, losses, mourning for these losses, changes in their lifestyle and the perception of death; this scenery is part not only of the individual, but it also involves the family and his/ her social environment. The purpose of this article is to review the types of losses, the stages of the mourning process, some considerations about death, the phasic process of dying suggested by Elizabeth Kubler Ross and the difficulties faced by nursing personnel, the person suffering the cardiovascular disease and his/ her family to cope with it. Death as the ending point of existence and a natural happening in the life of human beings, is one of the everyday phenomena which nursing personnel have to face. Its approach has emotional, spiritual and cultural implications; thus, strategies to face it are suggested for the nursing personnel, aimed at the person caring for the patient suffering cardiovascular disease and who experiences feelings of loss and threat or fear of death.Las personas que viven una enfermedad cardiovascular se encuentran permanentemente afectadas por el malestar, la disfuncionalidad y el sentimiento que esta causa, situación que genera alteraciones en la autoestima del sujeto, pérdidas, duelo frente a estas pérdidas, cambios en su estilo de vida y la percepción de morir; este escenario forma parte no solo del individuo, involucra la familia y su ámbito social. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo revisar los tipos de pérdidas, las etapas del proceso de duelo, algunas consideraciones sobre la muerte, el modelo fásico de morir planteado por Elizabeth Kubler Ross y las dificultades de afrontamiento del personal de enfermería, de la persona que vive una situación de enfermedad cardiovascular y de su familia. La muerte como

  13. Creencias en fumadores pertenecientes a un programa de salud cardiovascular Crenças entre fumantes em um programa de saúde cardiovascular Beliefs among smokers in a cardiovascular health program

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    Renata Virginia González Consuegra

    2004-04-01

    Full Text Available La presente investigación identifica las creencias de consumidores de tabaco, usuarios de un programa de promoción de la salud cardiovascular en la ciudad de Bogota-Colombia, mediante abordaje cuanti-cualitativa. A partir, de entrevista a profundidad grabada por 15 personas del grupo de promoción de la salud cardiovascular, quienes voluntariamente constituyeron la muestra hasta lograr la saturación de la temática en cuestión. Los datos fueron analizados y posibilitaron una descripción holistica de la interpretación frente a al cultura y al habito de consumir tabaco. Se obtuvo información que se consideró lográndose con ello una descripción amplia de motivaciones y factores desalentadores para la cesación del habito del tabaquismo.Este estudo identificou as crenças de tabagistas usuários de um programa de promoção à saúde cardiovascular da cidade de Bogotá-Colômbia, pela abordagem metodológica quanti-qualitativa. Foram realizadas entrevistas em profundidade com 15 pessoas do grupo de promoção à saúde cardiovascular, que voluntariamente constituíram a amostra até obter-se a saturação da temática em questão. Os dados foram analisados e possibilitaram uma descrição ampla e holística da interpretação frente à cultura e ao hábito de fumar. Os resultados forneceram uma ampla descrição das motivações e dos fatores e desencorajadores para a cessação do hábito do tabagismo.The present investigation by means of boarding quanti-qualitative, identifies the beliefs of tobacco consumers, users of a program of promotion of the cardiovascular health in the city of Bogotá-Colombia. The information harvesting became from recorded interviews in depth of 15 persons of the promotion group, who voluntarily constituted the provisory sample until obtaining the thematic saturation of the issue one. The data were analysed and the results considered by the culture. We obtained with it a large description of motivations and

  14. Carga de enfermedad por tabaquismo e impacto potencial del incremento de precios de cigarrillos en el Perú

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    Ariel E Bardach

    Full Text Available Objetivos. Estimar la carga de enfermedad asociada al tabaquismo y evaluar el potencial impacto económico y en salud del aumento de los impuestos a los cigarrillos en el Perú. Materiales y métodos. Mediante un modelo de microsimulación se estimó el impacto en mortalidad, calidad de vida y costos atribuibles al tabaquismo por enfermedad cardiaca y cerebrovascular, enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica, neumonía, cáncer de pulmón y otras nueve neoplasias. Se evaluaron tres escenarios de aumento de impuestos. Resultados. Un total anual de 16 719 muertes, 6926 diagnósticos de cáncer, 7936 accidentes cerebrovasculares y 7548 hospitalizaciones por enfermedad cardiovascular se pueden atribuir al tabaquismo en Perú. Asimismo, se pierden 396 069 años de vida por muerte prematura y discapacidad cada año, y el costo de tratar los problemas de salud ocasionados por el tabaco asciende a 2500 millones de soles (PEN 2015. Actualmente, los impuestos al tabaco llegan a cubrir solamente el 9,1% de dicho gasto. Un incremento del 50% en el precio de los cigarrillos podría evitar 13 391 muertes, 6210 eventos cardiovasculares y 5361 nuevos cánceres en los próximos diez años, y representaría un beneficio económico de 3145 millones (PEN por ahorro de costos sanitarios y aumento de la recaudación impositiva. Conclusiones. La carga de enfermedad y el costo para el sistema de salud asociados al tabaquismo son elevados en Perú. Incrementar los impuestos al cigarrillo podría derivar en importantes beneficios para el país, tanto sanitarios como económicos.

  15. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, association with cardiovascular disease and treatment (II). The treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Brea, Ángel; Pintó, Xavier; Ascaso, Juan F; Blasco, Mariano; Díaz, Ángel; González-Santos, Pedro; Hernández-Mijares, Antonio; Mantilla, Teresa; Millán, Jesús; Pedro-Botet, Juan

    Disease nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) comprises a series of histologically similar to those induced by alcohol consumption in people with very little or no liver damage same. The importance of NAFLD is its high prevalence in our Western societies, from the point of view liver in its progressive evolution from steatosis to steatohepatitis, cirrhosis and liver cancer. During the last decade it has been observed that NAFLD leads to an increased cardiovascular risk with accelerated atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events, the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. This updated January 2016 revision consists of two parts. In this second part, the treatment of NAFLD and its influence on cardiovascular disease and drugs used in the control of cardiovascular risk factors showing a beneficial effect on the liver disease will be reviewed. Copyright © 2016 Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

  16. Validación de los modelos de predicción de Framingham y PROCAM como estimadores del riesgo cardiovascular en una población colombiana

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    Oscar M. Muñoz

    2014-07-01

    Conclusiones: La función de riesgo de Framingham debería usarse con precaución en población colombiana de riesgo bajo e intermedio sin historia previa de eventos cardiovasculares dado que sobrestima el riesgo y tiene baja capacidad de discriminación. La función de riesgo de PROCAM ajustada por sexo es una mejor opción para estimar el riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular dura.

  17. Range expansion of Oligoryzomys longicaudatus (Rodentia, Sigmodontinae in Patagonian Chile, and first record of Hantavirus in the region Ampliación del rango de distribución de Oligoryzomys longicaudatus (Rodentia, Sigmodontinae en la Patagonia de Chile y primer registro de Hantavirus en la región

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    SEBASTIÁN BELMAR-LUCERO

    2009-06-01

    Full Text Available At present, 20 species of Oligoryzomys (Rodentia, Sigmodontinae are recognized in the Neotropical region, most of them distinguished by their karyotypes, which fluctuates between 46-70 chromosomes. Two species are currently recognized in Chile, Oligoryzomys longicaudatus (Bennet, 1832; "colilargo" or the long-tailed pygmy rice rat; 2n = 56, which ranges from 27° to approximately 51° S, and O. magellanicus (Bennet, 1836; Magellanic pygmy rice rat; 2n = 54, south of 51° S in the Patagonian region of Chile and Argentina. As part of an ongoing research on the southern Patagonia of Chile, we report the results of small mammal samplings in six localities. We karyotyped 28 specimens and we also sequenced the hypervariable mtDNA region I in 22 individuals, aligning these sequences with an under development phylogeny of O. longicaudatus. We also evaluated the serology and viral charge in all captured specimens to detect the presence of antibodies to Andes virus (ANDV through Strip Immunoblot Assay (SIA, and of viral genome by RT-PCR. The results consistently showed that the karyotype of southern Patagonia specimens was 2n = 56, equal to that of O. longicaudatus, and that individuals from this area do not differentiate phylogenetically from those of the northern range of distribution. In addition, the serology showed the presence of antibodies IgG anti-ANDV and of viral genome in heart, kidney, spleen, and lungs of a single specimen of Oligoryzomys from the locality of Fuerte Bulnes in the Magallanes region. We conclude that all specimens trapped south of 51° S correspond to Oligoryzomys longicaudatus, thus expanding the distribution of this specie! from 51° to at least 55° S. The results also extended the disiribution of the Andes strain of Hantavirus to southernmost Patagonia.Actualmente se reconocen 20 especies de Oligoryzomys (Rodentia, Sigmodontinae en la región Neotropical, la mayoría de ellas distinguidas por sus cariotipos, los que fluct

  18. Síndrome metabólico y riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes con diagnóstico de esquizofrenia, trastorno esquizoafectivo y trastorno bipolar

    OpenAIRE

    Muñoz-Calero Franco, Paloma; Sánchez Sánchez, Blanca; Rodríguez Criado, Natalia; Pinilla Santos, Berta; Bravo Herrero, Sandra; Cruz Fourcade, José Fernando; Martín Aragón, Rubén

    2015-01-01

    Introducción: los pacientes con patologías mentales graves como la esquizofrenia, el trastorno esquizoafectivo y el trastorno bipolar fallecen de media 20 años antes que la población general. La muerte por problemas cardiovasculares es la primera causa de fallecimiento, a pesar de la introducción de estrategias para el control de dichos factores de riesgo. Objetivos: analizar el porcentaje de pacientes con índice de masa corporal elevado, síndrome metabólico y riesgo cardiovascular diagnostic...

  19. Prevalencia de factores de riesgo y riesgo cardiovascular global en la población de Tres Lomas

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    María E. Mazzei

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available Resumen:La mortalidad atribuida a las enfermedades cardiovasculares se encuentra en primer lugar y en aumento en los países en vías de desarrollo. En la Argentina, las enfermedades cardiovasculares producen, junto con el cáncer, más del 50% de las muertes anuales. En contraposición a las enfermedades infecciosas, éstas se denominan genéricamente enfermedades no transmisibles y se ha demostrado que son prevenibles en gran medida a través del control y el manejo de los llamados factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de enfermedades cardiovasculares. Es por ello que la información sobre la prevalencia y la variación en el tiempo de estos factores de riesgo es fundamental para realizar una vigilancia epidemiológica del problema de las enfermedades cardiovasculares en la población y, a su vez, para proponer acciones comunitarias preventivas.ObjetivosObtener información sobre los factores de riesgo cardiovascular en la población de Tres Lomas (Buenos Aires, calcular el riesgo cardiovascular global (RCG y comparar estos resultados con los descriptos para toda la Argentina.Material y métodosSe entrevistaron al azar 522 adultos de Tres Lomas. Se utilizó el cuestionario para vigilancia epidemiológica de la OPS y se realizaron mediciones antropométricas. En 100 individuos se determinaron lípidos y glucemia para estimar el RCG, definido como probabilidad de desarrollar un evento no fatal o muerte coronaria en los próximos 10 años. Por último, estas prevalencias se compararon con las estimadas a nivel nacional.ResultadosHubo menor prevalencia de diabetes (7,7% versus 11,9%; p < 0,0001, tabaquismo (27,7% versus 33,4%; p < 0,0054 y depresión (14,4% versus 22,8%; p < 0,0001, aunque más sobrepeso y obesidad que el promedio país (58,4% versus 49,1%; p < 0,0001. Aunque la medición de la tensión arterial fue más frecuente que el promedio (82,2% versus 68,4%; p < 0,0001, las determinaciones de glucemia (50,2% versus 69,3%; p < 0,0001 y de

  20. Eventos cardiovasculares en una población cerrada. Seguimiento a 10 años

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    Leandro M. Goldstraj

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available IntroducciónEn estudios epidemiológicos previos se observó que poblaciones con igual riesgo por suma de factores clásicos poseían una incidencia y tipos de expresión de enfermedades cardiovasculares diferentes.ObjetivoDeterminar la incidencia de MACE, compuesta por infarto agudo de miocardio, angina inestable, accidente cerebrovascular, angioplastia transluminal coronaria, cirugía de revascularización miocárdica o muerte cardiovascular, y su asociación con los factores de riesgo en una población cerrada. Material y métodosEl presente es un estudio de cohorte prospectivo en el que fueron relevados hombres, de profesión policías, durante el año 1997. Luego se ingresaron en la base de datos hospitalaria aquellos que presentaron eventos en los 10 años posteriores. Se empleó la prueba de la t de Student para variables cuantitativas y regresión logística para las cualitativas. ResultadosSe incluyeron 2.379 personas de sexo masculino. La edad promedio fue de 39,5 ± 9,25 años. La prevalencia de factores de riesgo conocidos por las personas fue: HTA 11,1%, dislipidemia 20,3%, diabetes 2,4%, tabaquismo 43,3%. Noventa pacientes presentaron algún tipo de MACE. El odds ratio para diabetes fue 4,54 (IC 95% 2,1-9,81, HTA 2,3 (IC 95% 1,38-3,85, dislipidemia 2,74 (IC 95% 1,77-4,25 y para tabaquismo 1,48 (IC 95% 0,97-2,28. La edad, el LDL, el fibrinógeno y las horas trabajo diarias mostraron asociaciones significativas. El área bajo la curva ROC del puntaje de Framingham fue de 0,72 y para el puntaje europeo fue de 0,71. ConclusiónLos factores de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular clásicos tuvieron una importancia similar a los ya comunicados por los estudios epidemiológicos; es importante destacar algunos no clásicos como el fibrinógeno. Los puntajes de riesgo fueron predictores regulares en esta población. Las características especiales de la población analizada permiten la ejecución de programas de prevención acordes.

  1. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance in adults with previous cardiovascular surgery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    von Knobelsdorff-Brenkenhoff, Florian; Trauzeddel, Ralf Felix; Schulz-Menger, Jeanette

    2014-03-01

    Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is a versatile non-invasive imaging modality that serves a broad spectrum of indications in clinical cardiology and has proven evidence. Most of the numerous applications are appropriate in patients with previous cardiovascular surgery in the same manner as in non-surgical subjects. However, some specifics have to be considered. This review article is intended to provide information about the application of CMR in adults with previous cardiovascular surgery. In particular, the two main scenarios, i.e. following coronary artery bypass surgery and following heart valve surgery, are highlighted. Furthermore, several pictorial descriptions of other potential indications for CMR after cardiovascular surgery are given.

  2. Mortalidade global e cardiovascular e fatores de risco de pacientes em hemodiálise Mortalidad global y cardiovascular y factores de riesgo de pacientes en hemodiálisis Global and cardiovascular mortality and risk factors in patients under hemodialysis treatment

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fátima Aparecida A. Almeida

    2010-02-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: Mortalidade global e cardiovascular (CV elevada de pacientes em hemodiálise. OBJETIVO: Avaliação da mortalidade global e CV e identificação do risco de pacientes em hemodiálise. MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional, prospectivo. Estudados 334 pacientes em três anos. Desfechos primários: mortalidade global e CV. Sobrevida avaliada pelo método de Kaplan-Meier. Identificação de variáveis de risco pela Regressão de Cox, bi e multivariada. RESULTADOS: Foram estudados 189 (56,6% homens, idade 48,8 ± 14,2 anos, maioria de não brancos (295[88,3%] e com escolaridade de 0 a menor que 8 anos (211[63,2%]. Mortalidade total de 21,6% (72/334, 50% sobrevivendo 146 meses, e mortalidade CV de 41,7%(30/72, 75% sobrevivendo 141 meses. Na análise bivariada, o RR de óbito não cardiovascular (ONCV e CV aumentou com Idade >60 anos, Hb 126 mg/dl; de ONCV apenas, com baixa escolaridade, viuvez, Hb100 mg/dl, produto Ca x P 9,2 mg/dl; diminuiu com PA>140/90 mmHg (antes da sessão de HD e Ht>36%; de óbito CV apenas, aumentou com creatinina >9,4 mg/dl. Na análise multivariada, o RR de ONCV e CV aumentou com idade >60 anos e Hb126 mg/dl e o de ONCV com taxa de remoção de ureia na hemodiálise (Kt/V 60 anos e Hb126 mg/dl e ONCV Kt/VFUNDAMENTO: Mortalidad global y cardiovascular (CV elevada de pacientes en hemodiálisis OBJETIVO: Evaluación de la mortalidad global y CV e identificación del riesgo de paciente en hemodiálisis. MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional, prospectivo. Estudiados 334 pacientes en tres años. Desenlaces primarios: mortalidad global y CV. Sobrevida evaluada por el método de Kaplan-Meier. Identificación de variables de riesgo por la Regresión de Cox, bi y multivariada. RESULTADOS: Se estudiaron 189 (56,6% hombres, edad 48,8 ± 14,2 años, mayoría no blancos (295[88,3%] y con escolaridad de 0 a menor que 8 años (211[63,2%]. Mortalidad total de 21,6% (72/334, 50% sobreviviendo 146 meses, y mortalidad CV de 41,7% (30/72, 75

  3. cardiovasculares em um grupo de idosos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Joselany Afio Caetano

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available Estudio descriptivo, con abordaje cuantitativo, cuyo objetivo fue investigar los factores de riesgo relacionados con las alteraciones cardiovasculares en ancianos, atendidos en una institución pública de Fortaleza - CE, el año de 2006. Para la recolección de los datos fueron entrevistados 145 ancianos. Los resultados fueron organizados en tablas y analizados en porcentuales descriptivos. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que un 43,4% de la población se encuentra en la faja etaria por encima de 70 años, predomina el sexo femenino y la renta familiar incide en uno o menos de un salario mínimo. Además de ello, un 52% no son alfabetizados, la mayoría es casada y reside con los familiares, 59,3% de los entrevistados tienen antecedentes de hipertensión y un 41%, son sedentarios. Entre los factores de riesgo citados sobresalen: el consumo de café, sal y grasa. Las afecciones crónico-degenerativas están presentes en la mayoría de los ancianos. Por lo tanto, se considera que es necesario intensificar los programas de educación en salud con el objetivo de mantener el nivel de calidad de vida del anciano.

  4. Análisis de la dispensación de medicamentos para el control de los principales factores de riesgo cardiovascular en la Región de Murcia: ¿existen diferencias de género?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Diego P. Sánchez

    2014-03-01

    Conclusiones: Este estudio pone de manifiesto que actualmente la prevención de la enfermedad cardiovascular se centra en la población de 40 a 74 años. El acceso de la mujer al tratamiento cardiovascular se produce con un retraso de 3 a 5 años, por lo que deberían promoverse cambios para mejorar la identificación precoz de enfermedad cardiovascular en la mujer.

  5. Beriberi cardiovascular agudo (Shoshin-Beriberi Acute cardiovascular beriberi (shoshin-beriberi

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Osvaldo D. López Gastón

    2002-08-01

    Full Text Available El beriberi, la deficiencia de tiamina (B1, fue referido en el siglo XVII en la literatura asiática, y pue de manifestarse por síntomas neurológicos (beriberi «seco» donde la neuropatía periférica y la debilidad muscular son los más destacados y/o síntomas cardiovasculares (beriberi «húmedo», con una variante «clásica» donde es predominante la insuficiencia cardíaca derecha con índice cardíaco (IC normal o alto y otra aguda o «shoshin-beriberi», caracterizada por insuficiencia biventricular, acidosis láctica e IC variable y que sin tratamiento precoz evoluciona al colapso vascular y la muerte. Se presenta una paciente de 58 años y antecedente de enolismo, con disnea, oliguria, sígnos de fallo cardíaco biventricular con patrón hiperdinámico, acidosis metabólica, disfunción tubular renal y lactacidemia de 5.6 mEq/L. El exámen neurológico mostró una polineuropatía sensitiva, simétrica y distal en MMII y deterioro cognitivo con sígnos frontales. Horas después de la administración de 100 mg de tiamina ev. se observó una manifiesta mejoría de los valores hemodinámicos y el estado ácido-base. Se concluye que si bien el beriberi cardiovascular agudo es de presentación infrecuente hay consenso en que además es subdiagnosticado. La presencia de acidosis láctica o cuadro de insuficiencia cardíaca de alto volumen minuto sin etiología manifiesta, en pacientes con riesgo de deficiencia de B1, es suficiente para hacer la prueba terapéutica.Beriberi (BB, thiamine deficiency, has been described in the Asian literature in the 17th century and is characterized by peripheral neuropathy and muscle weakness, also called «dry» beriberi (BB to differentiate it from «wet» BB, with essentially cardiovascular manifestations. Wet can be either «classic» wet BB in which signs and symptons of right-sided heart failure with normal or high cardiac output are the presenting features or the «shoshin» BB variant with severe

  6. [Oxygen peak consumption is a better predictor of cardiovascular risk than handgrip strength in older Chilean women].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Farías-Valenzuela, Claudio; Pérez-Luco, Cristian; Ramírez-Campillo, Rodrigo; Álvarez, Cristian; Castro-Sepúlveda, Mauricio

    Handgrip strength (HS) and peak oxygen consumption (Vo2peak) are powerful predictors of cardiovascular risk, although it is unknown which of the two variables is the better predictor. The objective of the following study was to relate HS and Vo2peak to cardiovascular risk markers in older Chilean women. Physically active adult women (n=51; age, 69±4.7years) participated in this study. The HS and Vo2peak were evaluated and related to the anthropometric variables of body mass, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist ratio (WR), and waist height ratio (WHR), as well as with the cardiovascular variables systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) and cardiac recovery in one minute (RHR1). A multilinear regression model was used for the analysis of the associated variables (Pcardiovascular risk markers associated (Pcardiovascular risk markers, Vo2peak offers greater associative power with these cardiovascular risk factors. Copyright © 2017 SEGG. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

  7. Novel Strain of Andes Virus Associated with Fatal Human Infection, Central Bolivia

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cruz, Cristhopher D.; Vallejo, Efrain; Agudo, Roberto; Vargas, Jorge; Blazes, David L.; Guevara, Carolina; Laguna-Torres, V. Alberto; Halsey, Eric S.; Kochel, Tadeusz J.

    2012-01-01

    To better describe the genetic diversity of hantaviruses associated with human illness in South America, we screened blood samples from febrile patients in Chapare Province in central Bolivia during 2008–2009 for recent hantavirus infection. Hantavirus RNA was detected in 3 patients, including 1 who died. Partial RNA sequences of small and medium segments from the 3 patients were most closely related to Andes virus lineages but distinct (1 hantaviruses; the highest prevalence was among agricultural workers. Because of the high level of human exposure to hantavirus strains and the severity of resulting disease, additional studies are warranted to determine the reservoirs, ecologic range, and public health effect of this novel strain of hantavirus. PMID:22515983

  8. HIV and Cardiovascular Disease

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Select a Language: Fact Sheet 652 HIV and Cardiovascular Disease HIV AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE WHY SHOULD PEOPLE WITH HIV CARE ABOUT CVD? ... OF CVD? WHAT ABOUT CHANGING MEDICATIONS? HIV AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE Cardiovascular disease (CVD) includes a group of problems ...

  9. Cases of Clinically Proven Hantavirus Infection with a Pulmonary Syndrome among Pregnant Women in Tashkent, Uzbekistan

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andrey V. An

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available Background: For nearly a decade, a disease likely to have been misdiagnosed was observed in pregnant women in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. It caused the rapid decline and death of patients, with about 45% mortality rate. The disease was suspected to be caused by a virus of the HVP (Hantavirus family, and clinical studies were conducted to ascertain. Methods: As no system for registration of such cases had been maintained, researchers developed a questionnaire with indicators chiefly based on relevant literature. All the women admitted exhibiting the symptoms listed were covered by the study. Results: Among the 16 cases identified from September to December 2008, ten survived; 80% belonged to the indigenous ethnic group; 80% were housewives. Most (90% were between 16 and 34 weeks’ pregnancy, 24.5 weeks on average. Almost all of them experienced labored breathing and abnormally high body temperature. About 75% of the women lived in the vicinity of rodents’ habitats, and about half of them could have been in direct contact with the aerosolized rodent excreta. Conclusions: Researchers believe that those women exposed to the excreta were cases of HPS. In practice, the surgical removal of the fetus proved to be the most efficient treatment. However, the medical community has a growing concern about patients with HPV being misdiagnosed and the related difficulties in diagnosing and treating them.

  10. Postirradiation cardiovascular dysfunction

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hawkins, R.N.; Cockerham, L.G.

    1987-01-01

    Cardiovascular dysfunction may be defined as the inability of any element of the cardiovascular system to perform adequately upon demand, leading to inadequate performance and nutritive insufficiency of various parts of the body. Exposure to supralethal doses of radiation (accidental and therapeutic) has been show to induce significant alterations in cardiovascular function in man. These findings indicate that, after irradiation, cardiovascular function is a major determinant of continued performance and even survival. For the two persons who received massive radiation doses (45 and 88 Gy, respectively) in criticality accidents, the inability to maintain systematic arterial blood pressure (AP) was the immediate cause of death. In a study of cancer patients given partial-body irradiation, two acute lethalities were attributed to myocardial infarction after an acute hypotensive episode during the first few hours postexposure. Although radiation-induced cardiovascular dysfunction has been observed in many species, its severity, duration, and even etiology may vary with the species, level of exposure, and dose rate. For this reason, our consideration of the effects of radiation on cardiovascular performance is limited to the circulatory derangements that occur in rat, dog, and monkey after supralethal doses and lead to radiation-induced cardiovascular dysfunction in these experimental models. The authors consider other recent data as they pertain to the etiology of cardiovascular dysfunction in irradiated animals

  11. Nutrição e exercício na prevenção e controle das doenças cardiovasculares Nutrition and exercise on cardiovascular disease prevention and control

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Beatriz Ribeiro Rique

    2002-12-01

    Full Text Available As doenças cardiovasculares constituem a principal causa de mortalidade no mundo e o seu crescimento significativo nos países em desenvolvimento alerta para o potencial impacto nas classes menos favorecidas. São influenciadas por um conjunto de fatores de risco, alguns modificáveis mediante alterações no estilo de vida, como a dieta adequada e o exercício regular. O objetivo da presente revisão é abordar esses aspectos a fim de prevenir e controlar as doenças cardiovasculares. O consumo de vegetais, frutas, grãos integrais, soja, azeite e peixes deve ser aumentado, ainda que limitando a quantidade de gordura. Os alimentos ricos em ácidos graxos saturados e trans devem ser evitados, assim como o uso excessivo de sal e bebidas alcoólicas. Além do exercício aeróbio, as atividades contra resistência vêm aumentando sua importância na reabilitação cardíaca. Essas mudanças de estilo de vida deveriam ser prioridades na Saúde Pública a fim de deter o avanço das doenças cardiovasculares em nosso país.Cardiovascular diseases represent the major worldwide cause of death, and their significant growth in developing countries alerts against their impact on underprivileged classes. Cardiovascular diseases are subject to a set of risk factors, some of which can be altered through changes in lifestyle, such as balanced diet and regular exercising. The purpose of this review is to approach these factors in order to prevent and control cardiovascular diseases. The consumption of vegetables, fruit, whole grains, soybeans, olive oil, and fish must be increased, although limiting the amount of fat. Saturated and trans fatty acids must be avoided, as well as excessive use of salt and alcoholic beverages. Besides aerobics, resistance training activities are increasing their importance in cardiac rehabilitation. Such lifestyle changes should be prioritized by Public Health authorities in order to hold back cardiovascular disease occurrence in

  12. Comportamiento de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular en niños y adolescentes con hipertensión arterial esencial Behavior of cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents with essential hypertension

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    René Llapur Milián

    2006-03-01

    Full Text Available Es conocido que la hipertensión arterial del adulto está relacionada con la presencia de factores de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular y que comienza en la niñez, muchas veces de manera asintomática, por lo que es importante diagnosticar los factores de riesgo que más se relacionan con la hipertensión en el niño, motivo por el cual realizamos esta investigación. Se estudiaron 100 hipertensos esenciales, de uno y otro sexo, cuyas edades oscilaban entre los 5 y los 18 años. Los pacientes fueron atendidos en la Consulta de Referencia del Hospital Pediátrico de Centro Habana, de enero de 2003 a mayo de 2004. Se utilizaron variables como: edad, sexo, color de la piel, peso, talla, peso al nacer, ejercicio físico, tabaquismo activo y pasivo, y además los antecedentes personales y familiares de hipertensión arterial, diabetes mellitus, hipercolesterolemia y obesidad. El objetivo fundamental consistió en establecer la relación de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular con la hipertensión arterial. Encontramos una mayor frecuencia en el sexo masculino (55 %, el color de piel blanco (71 %, así como en el grupo etáreo de 10 a 18 años (85 %. Con relación a los antecedentes familiares, aparece la hipertensión arterial (94 % como el factor de riesgo cardiovascular más frecuente. Se encontró la presencia de tres o más factores de riesgo en el 80 % de los familiares de los pacientes. El sobrepeso corporal y el sedentarismo fueron los factores de riesgo personales que predominaron. El 89 % de los pacientes tenían 3 o más factores de riesgo personales.

  13. Arritmias y Riesgo Cardiovascular: Diseño, Control e Investigación de una aplicación para dispositivos móviles

    OpenAIRE

    Mulet Segura, Carlos

    2017-01-01

    Resumen Las Enfermedades Cardiovasculares son la principal causa de muerte en todo el mundo. Según datos de la Federación Mundial del Corazón, las enfermedades cardiovasculares y los infartos causan 17,5 millones de muertes al año, tantas como el resultado de sumar las provocadas por el SIDA, la tuberculosis, la malaria, la diabetes, el cáncer y las patologías respiratorias crónicas. La fibrilación auricular es la arritmia sostenida más frecuente. Debido a sus consecuencias clínicas p...

  14. Non Hodgkin lymphoma metastasis to the heart detected by cardiovascular magnetic resonance; Metastasis cardiaca secundaria al linfoma de Hodgkin detectada por la resonancia magnetica cardiovascular

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Martinez, Florange; Morales, Marisela; Pedreanez, Norma [Hospital Cardiologico Infantil Latinoamericano Dr Gilberto Rodriguez Ochoa, Carcacas (Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of); Pabon, Luz; Carrillo, Milton [Universidad Central de Venezuela (UCV/HUC), Caracas (Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of). Instituto de Hematoncologia. Hospital Universitario; Fernandes, Juliano Lara [Universidade de Campinas (UNICAMP), SP (Brazil)

    2009-10-15

    Primary and secondary heart tumors are relatively rare occurrences but usually imply significant treatment decisions. The differential diagnosis among these tumors and other masses can sometimes be difficult and require the use of different imaging modalities to establish a confident verdict. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance CMR imaging is a very useful tool in these cases by allowing for the application of different strategies to better delineate masses, heart structures and adjacent tissues. In this case description, we present a woman with shortness of breath and a paracardiac mass showing how CMR can be applied. (author)

  15. Hipertrofia ventricular izquierda como factor de riesgo cardiovascular en el paciente hipertenso

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Llancaqueo V. Marcelo, Dr.

    2012-11-01

    Full Text Available La hipertrofia ventricular izquierda es una respuesta maladaptativa a la sobrecarga de presión crónica y un factor de riesgo importante para la fibrilación auricular, insuficiencia cardíaca diastólica, insuficiencia cardíaca sistólica, y la muerte súbita en pacientes con hipertensión. Dado que no todos los pacientes con hipertensión desarrollan hipertrofia ventricular izquierda, hay hallazgos clínicos que se deben tener en cuenta que puede alertar al médico sobre la presencia de hipertrofia ventricular izquierda por lo que una evaluación más definitiva se puede realizar utilizando un electrocardiograma, ecocardiograma o la resonancia magnética cardiovascular. Control de la presión arterial, la restricción de sodio, y la pérdida de peso de forma independiente facilitar la regresión de la hipertrofia ventricular izquierda. Elección de un fármaco antihipertensivo puede ser importante cuando se trata a un paciente con hipertrofia ventricular izquierda hipertensiva. Los inhibidores de la enzima convertidora o bloqueadores del receptor de angiotensina II, seguido por los antagonistas de los canales de calcio, facilitan más rápidamente la regresión de la hipertrofia ventricular izquierda. Con la regresión de la hipertrofia ventricular izquierda, la función diastólica y la reserva de flujo coronario generalmente mejoran, y disminuye el riesgo cardiovascular.

  16. Mortality of mothers from cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular causes following pregnancy complications in first delivery

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Lykke, Jacob Alexander; Langhoff-Roos, Jens; Lockwood, Charles J

    2010-01-01

    cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular causes following preterm delivery, small-for-gestational-age offspring and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. We found that preterm delivery and small-for-gestational-age were both associated with subsequent death of mothers from cardiovascular and non...... cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular causes, while hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are markers of early death of mothers from cardiovascular causes....

  17. Fatores de risco cardiovascular e mortalidade: seguimento em longo prazo (até 20 anos em programa preventivo realizado pela medicina ocupacional Cardiovascular risk factors and mortality: long-term follow-up (up to 20 years in a preventive program carried out by occupational medicine

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luiz Alberto de Souza Ciorlia

    2005-07-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: A queda da mortalidade por doenças cardiovasculares (DCV está sendo conseguida nos Estados Unidos e o mesmo declínio está ocorrendo em países em desenvolvimento, graças a mudanças favoráveis alcançadas no estilo de vida e nos fatores de risco. Apesar dessa consideração, o volume de informações de que se dispõe sobre a distribuição e comportamento desse tipo de doença e seus fatores de risco no Brasil ainda é pequeno. MÉTODOS: Foi realizada avaliação das alterações do colesterol total (CT, níveis de pressão arterial (PA, índice de massa corporal (IMC e tabagismo, além da ocorrência de eventos cardiovasculares fatais (F e não fatais (NF, sob intervenção dietética e comportamental e seguimento em longo prazo (até 20 anos em um grupo fechado, composto por 621 eletricitários de ambos os sexos, com idade média de 29,1±7,1 anos, variando de 15 a 59 anos. Foram construídas curvas atuariais para analisar os eventos cardiovasculares F e NF. RESULTADOS: A média do CT apresentou redução significativa por efeito da orientação dietética. O hábito de fumar diminuiu significativamente com mudanças comportamentais. A média das PAs diminuiu significativamente com uma melhor detecção e medidas higiênicas, e a adesão dos hipertensos definitivos ao tratamento mostrou um índice de 56,6%. Por outro lado, o IMC apresentou um aumento expressivo e gradativo. A probabilidade de os indivíduos continuarem livres de qualquer evento cardiovascular foi de 98,1%, enquanto que para os eventos fatais foi de 99,2%. CONCLUSÃO: Esses resultados comprovam que iniciativas voltadas para a prevenção devem ser prioritárias, com a intenção de se modificar as taxas de morbimortalidade das DCV.OBJECTIVE: The decrease in mortality due to cardiovascular diseases (CVD has been achieved in the United States and the same decrease has been happening in developing countries, thanks to favorable changes in lifestyle and risk

  18. Factores de riesgo cardiovascular modificables en adolescentes escolarizados de Ibagué 2013

    OpenAIRE

    Diva del Pilar Ferreira-Guerrero; Mabel Piedad Díaz-Vera; Claudia Patricia Bonilla-Ibañez

    2017-01-01

    Objetivo: describir los factores de riesgo cardiovascular modificables en adolescentes escolarizados de la comuna uno de Ibagué en el segundo semestre del 2013. Metodología: se realizó un estudio transversal con 149 estudiantes, utilizando 4 módulos de la encuesta mundial de salud a escolares (gshs por sus siglas en inglés), medidas antropométricas y presión arterial, con pruebas no paramétricas para el análisis de los factores de riesgo según características sociodemográ...

  19. Estado nutricional, consumo alimentar e risco cardiovascular: um estudo em universitários Nutritional status, food consumption and cardiovascular risk: a study on university students

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marina de Moraes Vasconcelos Petribú

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Descrever a proporção de fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares, dando ênfase aos fatores nutricionais, em alunos da área de saúde de uma universidade pública do Recife. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 250 estudantes por um questionário que abordou aspectos biossociais, dados sobre estilo de vida, história familiar para doenças cardiovasculares, variáveis antropométricas e consumo alimentar, avaliado pelo Recordatório de 24horas. RESULTADOS: Foi encontrada a seguinte freqüência para os fatores de risco analisados: tabagismo (2,8%, sedentarismo (41,7%, excesso de peso (35,5% e 5,3% nos sexos masculino e feminino, respectivamente pOBJECTIVE: This study aimed to describe the proportion of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, emphasizing nutritional factors, among health students from a public university in Recife, Brazil. METHODS: Two hundred and fifty students were assessed through a questionnaire that addressed biosocial aspects, lifestyle data, family history for cardiovascular diseases, anthropometric variables and food consumption determined by the 24-hour recall. RESULTS: The following rates were found for the assessed risk factors: smoking (2.8%, inactivity (41.7%, overweight (35.5% among men and 5.3% among women, p<0,01, family history of hypertension (35.5%, diabetes (11.3%, obesity (20.2% and death of close relatives before age 50 due to cardiovascular diseases (14.8%. Regarding food consumption, a high percentage of individuals had inappropriate energy intake and a low percentage had inappropriate protein and carbohydrate intakes. Regarding the fat profile of the diet, more than 40.0% of the students consumed more cholesterol than the recommended levels and 17.9% of the men and 44.8% of the women consumed high amounts of saturated fat (p<0.01. The consumption of linoleic acid and monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids was inadequate in more than 95% of the individuals under study. CONCLUSION: The

  20. Lesão bilateral dos óstios coronários na sífilis cardiovascular: relato de caso Bilateral ostial coronary lesion in cardiovascular syphilis: case report

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mauricio de Nassau Machado

    2008-03-01

    Full Text Available A sífilis é uma doença infecciosa que se desenvolve em estágios e pode acometer o sistema cardiovascular e neurológico. Em 30% dos pacientes não tratados, a sífilis desenvolve sua forma terciária. Relatamos o caso de um homem de 46 anos, admitido por edema pulmonar agudo por cardiopatia isquêmica com bloqueio completo do ramo esquerdo, submetido a terapia fibrinolítica com sucesso. Angiografia coronária mostrou lesão ostial de 90% na artéria coronária esquerda e oclusão do óstio da artéria coronária direita. Os títulos de VDRL foram de 1/128. O paciente foi submetido a revascularização do miocárdio e recebeu alta após tratamento antibiótico com penicilina cristalina.Syphilis is an infectious disease occurring through a series of frequently overlapping stages. It can impair the cardiovascular and neurological system. In 30% of the non treated patients, syphilis develops your tertiary form. We report a case of a 46-year-old male patient admitted due to edema pulmonary and acute coronary syndrome with left bundle branch block, submitted to fibrinolytic therapy successfully. Coronary angiography showed a 90% ostial lesion of left main coronary artery and occlusion of the right coronary artery ostium. VDRL was titrated to 1/128. The patient was undergone to CABG and was discharged after treatment with crystalline penicillin.

  1. Asociación entre la capacidad funcional y los resultados de autocuidado en personas con enfermedad cardiovascular Relação entre a capacidade funcional e os resultados de autocuidado em pessoas com doença cardiovascular Relation between functional capacity and self-care results in people with cardiovascular diseases

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Clara Victoria Bastidas Sánchez

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available El presente artículo presenta los resultados de la investigación realizada con una población de 55 pacientes con enfermedad cardiovascular de Ibagué, en la que se establece la influencia de la capacidad funcional y el autocuidado, utilizando la escala europea de autocuidado en insuficiencia cardiaca y la versión modificada del índice de actividad de Duke (DASI. Los resultados muestran mayor incidencia de enfermedad cardiovascular en el sexo femenino, entre 35 y 65 años, con diagnóstico de cardiopatía dilatada, considerándose esta como la etapa más grave de la enfermedad coronaria. Al realizar la revisión global se encontró que la insuficiencia cardiaca corresponde al mayor rango de personas con 69,1 %. En cuanto a la capacidad funcional encontramos que el 40 % se encuentra entre mínimo y moderado, y el 92,7 %, entre moderado y peor, en relación con el autocuidado. El gráfico de dispersión muestra claramente las afinidades comportamentales de los pacientes en relación con las dos variables evaluadas. La gráfica de relación muestra que no se evidencia mucha relación entre las dos variables -autocuidado y capacidad funcional- a pesar de que los resultados no evidencien concordancia total o muy grande. Se encontró que la capacidad funcional de las personas con enfermedad cardiovascular está comprometida en un 40 %, frente al no compromiso, de un 60 % lo que preocupa pues la capacidad funcional disminuye a medida que la edad y la enfermedad avanzan por lo que en este grupo de personas podría ir en aumento por lo que se deben realizar más estudios tanto en mujeres como en personas mayores de diferente sexo e intervenir de mayor forma en el seguimiento de recomendaciones que contribuyan a mejorar su capacidad funcional teniendo en cuenta los comportamientos de autocuidado como elemento importante para el logro de mayor bienestar del paciente con enfermedad cardiovascular.Opresente trabalho apresenta os resultados da investiga

  2. Diabetes Drugs and Cardiovascular Safety

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ji Cheol Bae

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available Diabetes is a well-known risk factor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and the beneficial effect of improved glycemic control on cardiovascular complications has been well established. However, the rosiglitazone experience aroused awareness of potential cardiovascular risk associated with diabetes drugs and prompted the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to issue new guidelines about cardiovascular risk. Through postmarketing cardiovascular safety trials, some drugs demonstrated cardiovascular benefits, while some antidiabetic drugs raised concern about a possible increased cardiovascular risk associated with drug use. With the development of new classes of drugs, treatment options became wider and the complexity of glycemic management in type 2 diabetes has increased. When choosing the appropriate treatment strategy for patients with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk, not only the glucose-lowering effects, but also overall benefits and risks for cardiovascular disease should be taken into consideration.

  3. Dieta habitual e fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares Habitual diet and cardiovascular disease risk factors

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Maria Cervato

    1997-06-01

    Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: Estudo descritivo por amostragem em munícípio do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, em 1990, com objetivo de analisar, mediante entrevistas domiciliares, a dieta habitual e fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares em indivíduos maiores de 20 anos. METODOLOGIA: Foram entrevistados 557 indivíduos, de idade entre 20 e 88 anos, que fazem parte de subamostra de um estudo global na região. A dieta habitual, identificada pelo histórico alimentar foi comparada às recomendações da OMS e os fatores de risco estudados (obesidade, dislipidemias, diabetes melito diagnosticados pelo Índice de Massa Corpórea e dosagens bioquímicas. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÕES: Observou-se que 60% da população consome dieta com energia total abaixo da estimativa das necessidades e que a contribuição calórica dos carboidratos foi de 56%, dos lipídios de 29% e das proteínas de 15%. Entretanto, na análise por percentil, a contribuição calórica dos lipídios e das proteínas encontra-se muito acima dos padrões recomendados em detrimento dos carboidratos. A energia, distribuição calórica e quantidade de colesterol foi adequada em apenas 5% das dietas. Dentre os fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares estudados observou-se a prevalência de obesidade em 38% dos indivíduos, de dislipidemias em 26% e de diabetes melito em 5%. A atividade física leve preponderante com dieta inadequada, tanto em termos de qualitativos quanto quantitativos, agravam ainda mais esse quadro.INTRODUCTION: A survey by sampling in a county of the State of S. Paulo in 1990 sought, by means of home interviews, to analyse the habitual diet and risk factors for cardiovascular disease of people over 20 years of age. METHODOLOGY: Of the sub-specimen of a comprehensive study population, 557 individuals, aged between 20 and 88, were interviewed. The habitual diet, characterized by the dietary history, was compared with the recommendations on energy and nutrients of the

  4. Cardiovascular risk and subclinical cardiovascular disease in polycystic ovary syndrome.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bajuk Studen, Katica; Jensterle Sever, Mojca; Pfeifer, Marija

    2013-01-01

    In addition to its effects on reproductive health, it is now well recognized that polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a metabolic disorder, characterized by decreased insulin sensitivity which leads to an excess lifetime risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. PCOS patients are often obese, hypertensive, dyslipidemic and insulin resistant; they have obstructive sleep apnea and have been reported to have higher aldosterone levels in comparison to normal healthy controls. These are all components of an adverse cardiovascular risk profile. Many studies exploring subclinical atherosclerosis using different methods (flow-mediated dilatation, intima media thickness, arterial stiffness, coronary artery calcification) as well as assessing circulating cardiovascular risk markers, point toward an increased cardiovascular risk and early atherogenesis in PCOS. The risk and early features of subclinical atherosclerosis can be reversed by non-medical (normalization of weight, healthy lifestyle) and medical (metformin, thiazolidinediones, spironolactone, and statins) interventions. However, the long-term risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality as well as the clinical significance of different interventions still need to be properly addressed in a large prospective study. Copyright © 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel.

  5. Landscape and regional environmental analysis of the spatial distribution of hantavirus human cases in Europe

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Caroline Brigitte Zeimes

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available Background: In Europe, the most prevalent hantavirus, Puumala virus, is transmitted by bank voles and causes nephropathia epidemica in human. The European spatial distribution of nephropathia epidemica is investigated here for the first time with a rich set of environmental variables. Methods: The influence of variables at the landscape and regional level is studied through multilevel logistic regression and further information on their effects across the different European ecoregions is obtained by comparing an overall niche model (boosted regression trees with regressions by ecoregion. Results: The presence of nephropathia epidemica is likely in populated regions with well-connected forests, more intense vegetation activity, low soil water content, mild summers and cold winters. In these regions, landscapes with a higher proportion of built-up areas in forest ecotones and lower minimum temperature in winter are expected to be more at risk. Climate and forest connectivity have a stronger effect at the regional level. If variables are staying at their current values, the models predict that nephropathia epidemica may know intensification but should not spread (although Southern Sweden, the Norwegian coast and the Netherlands should be kept under watch.Conclusions: Models indicate that large-scale modeling can lead to a very high predictive power. At large scale, the effect of one variable on disease may follow three response scenarios: the effect may be the same across the entire study area; the effect can change according to the variable value, and the effect can change depending on local specificities. Each of these scenarios impacts large-scale modeling differently.

  6. Cardiovascular radiology

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    VanAman, M.; Mueller, C.F.

    1985-01-01

    Soon after Roentgen documented the uses of x-rays in 1895, fluoroscopic and film evaluation of the heart began. Even today the chest roentgenogram remains one of the first and most frequently used studies for the evaluation of the normal and abnormal heart and great vessels. This chapter gives an overview of plain film evaluation of the cardiovascular system and follow up with comments on the newer imaging modalities of computed tomography, and digital subtraction angiography, in the cardiovascular disease workup. The authors present an evaluation of plain films of the chest, which remains their most cost effective, available, simple, and reliable initial screening tool in the evaluation of cardiovascular disease

  7. Riesgo de presentación de eventos cardiovasculares según la agrupación de los factores de riesgo modificables en la población mayor de 15 de años de un centro de salud de Barcelona.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Miguel Baena Díez

    2005-01-01

    Full Text Available Fundamento: En la últimas décadas la mortalidad por enfermedades cardiovasculares ha mostrado una tendencia decreciente en los países desarrollados, confirmada asimismo en España. No obstante siguen siendo la principal causa de mortalidad El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar la asociación entre las enfermedades cardiovasculares y diversos factores de riesgo cardiovascular modificables en relación a su agrupación (clustering. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal realizado en un centro de salud urbano, que incluyó a 2.248 personas de 15 o más años, seleccionadas por muestreo aleatorio simple del archivo de historias clínicas. Se calculó en forma de odds ratio (OR el riesgo de tener alguna enfermedad cardiovascular (cardiopatía isquémica, enfermedad cerebrovascular o arteriopatia periférica de extremidades inferiores en relación al clustering de los factores de riesgo tabaquismo, hipertensión arterial, hipercolesterolemia, hipertrigliceridemia y diabetes mellitus, ajustado por edad, sexo y factores de riesgo. Resultados: Las personas estudiadas tenían 224 enfermedades cardiovasculares. En el tabaquismo la OR como factor de riesgo aislado fue de 1,5 (IC95%: 1,0-2,2 y de 1,6 (IC95%: 0,9-2,5 con el clustering con los otros 4 factores de riesgo; con la hipertensión arterial de 2,1 (IC95%: 1,5-2,9 y de 1,7 (IC95%: 1,1-2,6, respectivamente; con la hipercolesterolemia de 1,7 (IC95%: 1,2-2,4 y de 1,6 (IC95%: 1,1- 2,4, respectivamente; con la diabetes de 2,5 (IC95%: 1,7-3,5 y 2,0 (IC95%: 1,3-3,0, respectivamente y con la hipertrigliceridemia de 1,8 (IC95%: 1,2-2,8 y 1,3 (IC95%: 0,8-2,1, respectivamente. Las OR se comportaron de manera similar al estratificar por cada enfermedad cardiovascular, aunque las OR más elevadas (entre 2,4 y 3,1 correspondieron al clustering de diabetes mellitus y tabaquismo. Conclusiones: El riesgo de tener enfermedades cardiovasculares sigue siendo elevado con el clustering de factores de riesgo

  8. Physiological Changes to the Cardiovascular System at High Altitude and Its Effects on Cardiovascular Disease.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Riley, Callum James; Gavin, Matthew

    2017-06-01

    Riley, Callum James, and Matthew Gavin. Physiological changes to the cardiovascular system at high altitude and its effects on cardiovascular disease. High Alt Med Biol. 18:102-113, 2017.-The physiological changes to the cardiovascular system in response to the high altitude environment are well understood. More recently, we have begun to understand how these changes may affect and cause detriment to cardiovascular disease. In addition to this, the increasing availability of altitude simulation has dramatically improved our understanding of the physiology of high altitude. This has allowed further study on the effect of altitude in those with cardiovascular disease in a safe and controlled environment as well as in healthy individuals. Using a thorough PubMed search, this review aims to integrate recent advances in cardiovascular physiology at altitude with previous understanding, as well as its potential implications on cardiovascular disease. Altogether, it was found that the changes at altitude to cardiovascular physiology are profound enough to have a noteworthy effect on many forms of cardiovascular disease. While often asymptomatic, there is some risk in high altitude exposure for individuals with certain cardiovascular diseases. Although controlled research in patients with cardiovascular disease was largely lacking, meaning firm conclusions cannot be drawn, these risks should be a consideration to both the individual and their physician.

  9. Composición corporal y concentraciones de adipocitoquinas en hemodiálisis: la ganancia de grasa abdominal como factor de riesgo cardiovascular añadido

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elena González

    2017-03-01

    Conclusión: Los pacientes en HD experimentan una ganancia de grasa con el tiempo, especialmente en localización abdominal, evidenciada por un aumento del cociente A/G, lo que podría explicar el aumento del riesgo cardiovascular que presentan.

  10. Spatial and Temporal Epidemiology of Nephropathia Epidemica Incidence and Hantavirus Seroprevalence in Rodent Hosts: Identification of the Main Environmental Factors in Europe.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Monchatre-Leroy, E; Crespin, L; Boué, F; Marianneau, P; Calavas, D; Hénaux, V

    2017-08-01

    In Europe, the increasing number of nephropathia epidemica (NE) infections in humans, caused by Puumala virus carried by bank voles (Myodes glareolus), has triggered studies of environmental factors driving these infections. NE infections have been shown to occur in specific geographical areas characterized by environmental factors that influence the distribution and dynamics of host populations and virus persistence in the soil. Here, we review the influence of environmental conditions (including climate factors, food availability and habitat conditions) with respect to incidence in humans and seroprevalence in rodents, considering both direct and indirect transmission pathways. For each type of environmental factor, results and discrepancies between studies are presented and examined in the light of biological hypotheses. Overall, food availability and temperature appear to be the main drivers of host seroprevalence and NE incidence, but data quality and statistical approaches varied greatly among studies. We highlight the issues that now need to be addressed and suggest improvements for study design in regard to the current knowledge on hantavirus epidemiology. © 2016 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.

  11. Factores de riesgo y eventos cardiovasculares en inmigrantes latinoamericanos adultos en el Distrito Macarena, Sevilla, España: estudio piloto Fatores de risco e eventos cardiovasculares em imigrantes latino americanos adultos no Distrito Macarena, Sevilla, Espanha: estudo piloto Risk factors and cardiovascular events in adult Latin American immigrants in the Macarena District, Seville, Spain: a pilot study

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Rafael González-López

    2013-04-01

    Full Text Available Con la finalidad de estimar la prevalencia por autorreporte de factores de riesgo y eventos cardiovasculares en población latinoamericana inmigrante adulta del Distrito 2 (Macarena de Sevilla, se realizó un estudio piloto de investigación descriptiva de corte transversal. Fue utilizado un cuestionario anónimo con autorreporte de factores de riesgo y eventos cardiovasculares. Resultados: participaron 34 personas, (18% de la muestra, media etaria: 31,8 años, residencia media: 6,5 años, mujeres: 52,9%. Prevalencias de factores de riesgo: 8,8% diabetes, 14,7% colesterol elevado y 23,5% hipertensión arterial. Prevalencia de eventos coronarios corresponde a 8,8%: angina de pecho, infarto de miocardio y accidente cerebrovascular: 2,9% para ambos. Se concluye en que la prevalencia de eventos cardiovasculares autorreportados supera la mencionada en la literatura, mereciendo este asunto la atención de los organismos sanitarios. Este dato debe ser tenido en cuenta por enfermería para elaborar planes de cuidados adaptados culturalmente al contexto de este colectivo inmigrante.Este estudo teve como objetivo estimar a prevalência de auto-relato de fatores de risco e eventos cardiovasculares na população latinoamericana imigrante adulta do Distrito 2 (Macarena de Sevilla. Estudo piloto de investigação descritiva de corte transversal, utilizou-se um questionário anônimo com auto-relato de fatores de risco e eventos cardiovasculares. Participaram 34 pessoas, (18% do total da mostra, idade média: 31,8 anos, residência média: 6,5 anos, mulheres: 52.9%. Prevalências de fatores de risco: 8,8% diabetes, 26.5% colesterol elevado e 14,5% hipertensão arterial. Prevalência de eventos coronários é de 8,8%: angina de peito, infarto do miocárdio e acidente cerebrovascular, com 2,9% cada um. A conclusão é que a auto-relatada prevalência de eventos cardiovasculares é maior do que a literatura, esta questão merece a atenção de agências de sa

  12. Association of diastolic blood pressure with cardiovascular events in older people varies upon cardiovascular history

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Wijsman, Liselotte W.; Muller, Majon; de Craen, Anton J .M.

    2018-01-01

    with those with normal DBP. After further adjusting for cardiovascular factors, this association attenuated to 1.05 (0.86; 1.28). A previous history of cardiovascular disease significantly modified the relation between DBP and risk of cardiovascular events (P-interaction 0.042). In participants without......BACKGROUND: In older age, a low DBP has been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events, especially in frail older people. We tested the hypothesis that low DBP is associated with a high risk of cardiovascular events in people with a previous history of cardiovascular disease......-90 mmHg) or high (>90 mmHg). Cox proportional hazards analyses were used to estimate hazard ratio with 95% confidence intervals (CI); analyses were stratified for cardiovascular history. RESULTS: Participants with low DBP had a 1.24-fold (1.04; 1.49) increased risk of cardiovascular events compared...

  13. Resumen de tesis. An ontological view of cardiovascular and metabolic disease progression using genetically modified mice

    OpenAIRE

    Fabbiano, Salvatore

    2014-01-01

    [ES]Las enfermedades metabólicas tienen una tendencia a ocurrir conjuntamente. Cuando esto sucede, el riesgo de desarrollar otras enfermedades relacionadas aumenta de manera significativa. Síndrome metabólico fue descrito inicialmente como Síndrome X por Gerald Reaven de la Universidad de Stanford en 1988, aunque antes varios autores venían advirtiendo sobre el riesgo cardiovascular que implicaba tener dislipidemias, obesidad, hipertensión arterial e intolerancia a la glucosa, ...

  14. Antiviral activity and mechanism of action of arbidol against Hantaan ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Keywords: Hantavirus, Arbidol, Toll-like receptors, inducible nitric oxide synthase, Antiviral activity, ... hantavirus infection. Arbidol is a broad-spectrum antiviral compound that has been shown to have inhibitory effect on influenza virus [4,5], respiratory syncytial virus [6], ..... species in hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome.

  15. Reunión anual de médicos residentes de Cirugía Cardiovascular: 10 años después

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Manuel Revuelta

    2005-10-01

    Full Text Available En 1995, la entonces Sociedad Española de Cirugía Cardiovascular (SECCV y la corporación multinacional Medtronic decidieron organizar una reunión dirigida a los médicos residentes. Dicha reunión se ha llevado a cabo cada año, con la excepción de 2002. Los objetivos han sido organizar un programa de formación continuada con actividades teóricas y prácticas, poniendo especial atención en el Taller de Cirugía Experimental. Dicha reunión permitiría el estrechamiento de lazos profesionales y personales entre los médicos en formación y los profesores, cirujanos cardiovasculares de diversas instituciones españolas. Las primeras cinco reuniones se realizaron en España. La etapa europea contempló la organización conjunta bajo los auspicios de la SECTCV y la European Association of Cardio-thoracic Surgery (EACTS. La tercera etapa, recién iniciada con la Reunión de Palma de Mallorca de 2005, ha representado la consolidación de las actividades organizativas de la SECTCV a través de una nueva normativa. Se han cubierto todos los aspectos del programa formativo de la cirugía cardiovascular tal y como está estructurada en España. Este programa docente ha representado un éxito por la colaboración de todas las partes implicadas, profesores, médicos residentes, la industria y las sociedades científicas, y por la mejora de la calidad profesional y humana de los futuros cirujanos cardiovasculares.

  16. Mortality of mothers from cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular causes following pregnancy complications in first delivery

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Lykke, Jacob Alexander; Langhoff-Roos, Jens; Lockwood, Charles J

    2010-01-01

    The combined effects of preterm delivery, small-for-gestational-age offspring, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, placental abruption and stillbirth on early maternal death from cardiovascular causes have not previously been described in a large cohort. We investigated the effects of pregnancy...... cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular causes following preterm delivery, small-for-gestational-age offspring and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. We found that preterm delivery and small-for-gestational-age were both associated with subsequent death of mothers from cardiovascular and non......-cardiovascular causes. Severe pre-eclampsia was associated with death from cardiovascular causes only. There was a less than additive effect on cardiovascular mortality hazard ratios with increasing number of pregnancy complications: preterm delivery 1.90 [95% confidence intervals 1.49, 2.43]; preterm delivery...

  17. Prone Position Ventilation Used during a Transfer as a Bridge to Ecmo Therapy in Hantavirus-Induced Severe Cardiopulmonary Syndrome

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    R. Cornejo

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Background. Transport of critically ill patients is a complex issue. We present a case using prone positioning as a bridge to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO, performed by a critical retrieval team from a university hospital. Case Report. A 28-year-old male developed fever, progressive respiratory failure, and shock. He was admitted to ICU from a public hospital, and mechanical ventilation was begun, but clinical response was not adequate. ECMO was deemed necessary due to severe respiratory failure and severe shock. A critical retrieval team of our center was assembled to attempt transfer. Prone positioning was employed to stabilize and transfer the patient, after risk-benefit assessment. Once in our hospital, ECMO was useful to resolve shock and pulmonary edema secondary to Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome. Finally, he was discharged with normal functioning. Conclusion. This case exemplifies the relevance of a retrieval team and bridge therapy. Prone positioning improves oxygenation and is safe to perform as transport if performed by a trained team as in this case. Preparation and organization is necessary to improve outcomes, using teams and organized networks. Catastrophic respiratory failure and shock should not be contraindications to transferring patients, but it must be done with an experienced team.

  18. Efectos del ibandronato sobre el metabolismo óseo y el perfil de riesgo cardiovascular en mujeres con osteoporosis postmenopáusica tratadas previamente con raloxifeno

    OpenAIRE

    Ferrer Piquer, Marta

    2015-01-01

    “Efectos del ibandronato sobre el metabolismo óseo y el perfil de riesgo cardiovascular en mujeres con osteoporosis postmenopáusica tratadas previamente con raloxifeno” La osteoporosis postmenopáusica es un problema sanitario mundial, dado que las fracturas por fragilidad suponen un aumento importante de morbimortalidad así como del coste económico. En los últimos años se han desarrollado nuevas terapias para el tratamiento de la osteoporosis, siendo por el momento los SERMs y los bi...

  19. Triglycerides and cardiovascular disease

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Nordestgaard, Børge G; Varbo, Anette

    2014-01-01

    cholesterol might not cause cardiovascular disease as originally thought has now generated renewed interest in raised concentrations of triglycerides. This renewed interest has also been driven by epidemiological and genetic evidence supporting raised triglycerides, remnant cholesterol, or triglyceride......-rich lipoproteins as an additional cause of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. Triglycerides can be measured in the non-fasting or fasting states, with concentrations of 2-10 mmol/L conferring increased risk of cardiovascular disease, and concentrations greater than 10 mmol/L conferring increased risk...... of acute pancreatitis and possibly cardiovascular disease. Although randomised trials showing cardiovascular benefit of triglyceride reduction are scarce, new triglyceride-lowering drugs are being developed, and large-scale trials have been initiated that will hopefully provide conclusive evidence...

  20. INTERNAÇÕES POR CONDIÇÕES SENSÍVEIS À ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE DECORRENTES DAS DOENÇAS CARDIVASCULARES

    OpenAIRE

    Ana Paula Gonçalves de Lima Resende; Ana Rita Barbieri

    2017-01-01

    Objetivo: analizar las hospitalizaciones por enfermedades sensibles a la atención primaria como resultado de la enfermedad cardiovascular, en correlación con el número de personas estimadas y acompañadas por la hipertensión y la cobertura de la Estratégia Saúde da Família en los 78 municipios de Mato Grosso do Sul (Brazil), en el período 2009 al 2012. método: estudio ecológico, con análisis estadísticos a partir de la composición de grupos (clusters) , teniendo en cuenta las admisiones...

  1. La hipermocisteinemia un factor de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular, fácil de modificar

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Beatriz E. Meneses Londoño

    2002-01-01

    observaciones, se empezó a relacionar Hcy con enfermedad vascular. Los estudios de las dos últimas décadas también señalan al aumento moderado de Hcy como un factor de riesgo de alteraciones vasculares. Este metabolito por mecanismo que incluyen activación de algunos factores de la coagulación e inactivación de los anticoagulantes naturales favorece la formación de trombos y el daño del endotelio vascular. El aumento de esta sustancia es fácil de modificar mediante intervención dietética o farmacológica. Por este motivo la Hcy constituye un parámetro analítico de utilización creciente en la práctica clínica, en pacientes con enfermedades cardiovasculares, en el diagnóstico y monitorización de la respuesta al tratamiento de anemias por déficit de vitaminas B12 y/o ácido fólico, en la valoración del riesgo de padecer defectos del tubo neural o aborto espontáneo, sobre todo en aquellos casos en que éstos son repetitivos.

  2. Understanding cardiovascular disease

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... page: //medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000759.htm Understanding cardiovascular disease To use the sharing features on this page, ... lead to heart attack or stroke. Types of Cardiovascular Disease Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common ...

  3. Consideraciones cardiovasculares del síndrome de Marfán en edades pediátricas Cardiovascular considerations about Marfan's syndrome at pediatric ages

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Giselle Serrano Ricardo

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available El síndrome de Marfán es una enfermedad hereditaria del tejido conectivo, que se describe en niños y en adultos, causada por una mutación en el gen que codifica la glicoproteína fibrilina tipo 1. Afecta múltiples órganos y sistemas, fundamentalmente cardiovascular, esquelético, oftalmológico, piel y tegumentos. Se presenta una revisión de los aspectos más actuales del diagnóstico, y la atención multidisciplinaria para lograr una reducción de la morbilidad y mortalidad en los pacientes pediátricos. Se concluye que el uso precoz de betabloqueadores e inhibidores del receptor AT-1 de la angiotensina II (losartán, constituyen actualmente los pilares fundamentales de la terapéutica farmacológica, pues disminuyen la frecuencia de complicaciones cardiovasculares, las cuales determinan el pronóstico de la enfermedad. La cirugía programada de la raíz aórtica, especialmente con preservación valvular, permite mejorar la expectativa de vida al evitar la alta mortalidad de los eventos agudos. Alternativas prometedoras son los procederes híbridos y el intervencionismo endovascular.Marfan syndrome is a hereditary disease of the connective tissue caused by mutation of type 1 fibrillin glycoprotein-coding gene in children and adults. This disease affects organs and systems, mainly cardiovascular, skeletal, ophthalmologic systems, skin and teguments. The review of the most current aspects of diagnosis, and the multidisciplinary care to reduce morbidity and mortality of pediatric patients were presented. It was concluded that the early use of betablockers and angiotensin II AT-1 receptor blocker (losarfan are the fundamental pillars of drug therapy, since they reduce the frequency of cardiovascular complications that determine the disease prognosis. The scheduled surgery of the aortic root, particularly valve preservation, allows improving the life expectancies because it prevents high mortality from acute events. Hybrid procedures and

  4. Slow breathing and cardiovascular disease

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ashish Chaddha

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for both men and women worldwide. Much emphasis has been placed on the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. While depression and anxiety increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular disease also increases the risk of developing anxiety and depression. Thus, promoting optimal mental health may be important for both primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Like lowering blood pressure, lipids, and body weight, lowering anger and hostility and improving depression and anxiety may also be an important intervention in preventive cardiology. As we strive to further improve cardiovascular outcomes, the next bridge to cross may be one of offering patients nonpharmacologic means for combating daily mental stress and promoting mental health, such as yoga and pranayama. Indeed, the best preventive cardiovascular medicine may be a blend of both Western and Eastern medicine.

  5. Poluentes do ar e internações devido a doenças cardiovasculares em São José do Rio Preto, Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kátia Cristina Cota Mantovani

    2016-02-01

    Full Text Available Resumo O presente estudo teve como objetivo estimar os efeitos de poluentes ambientais sobre o número de internações por doenças cardiovasculares. Foi um estudo ecológico com dados de internações hospitalares de residentes em São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brasil, com diagnóstico nas categorias de I-00 a I-99, entre 01/10/11 e 30/09/12. Os poluentes analisados foram partículas finas (PM2,5, ozônio, monóxido de carbono, óxido de nitrogênio e dióxido de nitrogênio. Foram estimados pelo modelo CCATT-BRAMS. O uso do modelo aditivo de regressão de Poisson foi utilizado para estimar associação entre a exposição ao PM2,5 e internação por doença cardiovascular. Foram calculados os excessos de internação e os gastos por estas doenças. Observou-se que a exposição ao PM2,5 no quinto dia após a exposição (lag 5 foi significativo para internação e aumentou em 15 ppts segundo incremento de 10µg /m3 na concentração de PM2,5. Foram identificadas 650 internações evitáveis com custos da ordem de R$ 1,9 milhão. Desse modo, foi possível identificar associação entre exposição ao PM2,5 e internações devido a doenças cardiovasculares em cidades de médio porte como São José do Rio Preto fornecendo subsídios aos gestores municipal e regional de Saúde.

  6. Portable exhausters POR-004 SKID B, POR-005 SKID C, POR-006 SKID D storage plan

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Nelson, O.D.; Keller, G.M.

    1997-01-01

    This document provides a storage plan for portable exhausters POR-004 SKID B, POR-005 SKID C, AND POR-006 SKID D. The exhausters will be stored until they are needed by the TWRS (Tank Waste Remediation Systems) Saltwell Pumping Program. The storage plan provides criteria for portable exhauster storage, periodic inspections during storage, and retrieval from storage

  7. Acompanhamento de dois pacientes diabéticos por equipe interdisciplinar e multiprofissional

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Geny Aparecida Cantos

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1807-0221.2012v9n14p81 Esse estudo teve como objetivo relatar o atendimento e as atividades desenvolvidas por uma equipe multiprofissional e interdisciplinar que atua na prevenção para doenças cardiovasculares, junto a dois pacientes com diabetes mellitus. As atividades oferecidas por este projeto foram: atendimento cardiológico, acompanhamento nutricional, terapia aquática, dança terapêutica, orientações por meio de palestras educativas e almoços comunitários. Na busca conjunta de soluções para as questões enfrentadas, estabeleceu-se uma estrutura de cuidados e diálogo entre os profissionais e os participantes. Os instrumentos de avaliação deste processo incluíram exames bioquímicos e compartilhamento de experiências, bem como análise de questionários aplicados. Os resultados mostraram que, em todas as ações, o diálogo e a interação favoreceram a promoção de saúde na busca de uma melhor qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Este tipo de tratamento trouxe uma nova perspectiva para esses pacientes diabéticos, pois favoreceu a construção de novas metas e uma nova forma de lidar com a doença.

  8. Efeitos cardiovasculares agudos do exercício resistido em idosas hipertensas = Cute cardiovascular effects of resistence exercise on hypertensive elderly women

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kleverton Krinski

    2008-07-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos cardiovasculares agudos do exercício resistido (ER em idosas com hipertensão estágio I. Participaram 24 hipertensas (63,7 ± 3,7 anos, submetidas a uma sessão de ER, constituída por oito estações (três séries,12 repetições, 50% 1 RM. A frequência cardíaca (FC, a pressão arterial sistólica (PAS e a diastólica (PAD foram mensuradas anteriormente ao início dos exercícios (A, imediatamente após a quinta estação (B e 10 min. após a sessão de exercícios (C. Anova demedidas repetidas e post-hoc Tukey (p The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of acute cardiovascular responses of resistance exercise (RE on stage I hypertensive elderly women. Twenty four hypertensive women (63.7 ± 3.7 years were subjected a session of RE, with eight stations(3 sets, 12 repetitions, 50% 1 RM. The heart rate (HR, systolic blood pressure (SBP and blood pressure (DBP were measured before the exercise sessions (A, immediately after the fifth station (B, and 10 minutes after the exercise sessions (C. Repeated measuresAnova and post-hoc Tukey test (p < 0.05 were performed. The results demonstrated significant increase in SBP, DBP and HR (p < 0.05 between the A and B conditions. Subsequently, SBP and DBP decreased significantly for the C condition as compared to the B condition (p < 0.05; however, only DBP decreased significantly for the A condition (p < 0.05. Although the results demonstrated that acute cardiovascular modifications are associated with RE, hypotensive effects were only verified on DBP.

  9. Algoritmo para el control metabólico del paciente diabético en el periodo posoperatorio de la cirugía cardiovascular

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    Maikel Rodulfo García

    2014-07-01

    Full Text Available El paciente con diabetes mellitus en el periodo posoperatorio de la cirugía cardiovascular, frecuentemente presenta descontrol en sus niveles de glucemia, debido a las consecuencias metabólicas que traen consigo, tanto el aumento de hormonas contra-reguladoras como la resistencia y/o disminución de los niveles de insulina, causado por el estrés quirúrgico al cual se expone el organismo. Su control es esencial durante la cirugía y luego de esta, pues de ello depende la evolución de los afectados; por tanto, es de vital importancia poseer una guía que permita orientarse para mantener las cifras de glucemia en valores adecuados. Se presenta un algoritmo terapéutico de fácil aplicación, elaborado en el Servicio de Cirugía Cardiovascular del Hospital Provincial Docente Clinicoquirúrgico "Saturnino Lora Torres" de Santiago de Cuba, con vistas a tratar la hiperglucemia, que pueda generalizarse al resto de los centros del país

  10. Microevolution of Puumala hantavirus during a complete population cycle of its host, the bank vole (Myodes glareolus.

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    Maria Razzauti

    Full Text Available Microevolution of Puumala hantavirus (PUUV was studied throughout a population cycle of its host, the bank vole (Myodes glareolus. We monitored PUUV variants circulating in the host population in Central Finland over a five-year period that included two peak-phases and two population declines. Of 1369 bank voles examined, 360 (26.3% were found infected with PUUV. Partial sequences of each of the three genome segments were recovered (approx. 12% of PUUV genome from 356 bank voles. Analyses of these sequences disclosed the following features of PUUV evolution: 1 nucleotide substitutions are mostly silent and deduced amino acid changes are mainly conservative, suggesting stabilizing selection at the protein level; 2 the three genome segments accumulate mutations at a different rate; 3 some of the circulating PUUV variants are frequently observed while others are transient; 4 frequently occurring PUUV variants are composed of the most abundant segment genotypes (copious and new transient variants are continually generated; 5 reassortment of PUUV genome segments occurs regularly and follows a specific pattern of segments association; 6 prevalence of reassortant variants oscillates with season and is higher in the autumn than in the spring; and 7 reassortants are transient, i.e., they are not competitively superior to their parental variants. Collectively, these observations support a quasi-neutral mode of PUUV microevolution with a steady generation of transient variants, including reassortants, and preservation of a few preferred genotypes.

  11. Molecular cardiovascular imaging

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Schaefers, M.

    2007-01-01

    Although huge and long-lasting research efforts have been spent on the development of new diagnostic techniques investigating cardiovascular diseases, still fundamental challenges exist; the main challenge being the diagnosis of a suspected or known coronary artery disease or its consequences (myocardial infarction, heart failure etc.). Beside morphological techniques, functional imaging modalities are available in clinical diagnostic algorithms, whereas molecular cardiovascular imaging techniques are still under development. This review summarizes clinical-diagnostical challenges of modern cardiovascular medicine as well as the potential of new molecular imaging techniques to face these. (orig.)

  12. Anestesia regional para cirugía cardiovascular pediátrica

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    Lincoln de la Parte Pérez

    2004-03-01

    Full Text Available Durante los últimos años se han publicado numerosos artículos sobre el uso de anestesia espinal y peridural asociada a la anestesia general, en niños sometidos a operaciones cardiovasculares. El uso de esta técnica produce una disminución significativa de la respuesta de estrés que se observa durante y después de las operaciones cardiovasculares y que es particularmente intensa en recién nacidos y lactantes. Adicionalmente produce una mejor función pulmonar, mayor estabilidad hemodinámica, posibilidad de extubación precoz, excelente analgesia posoperatoria y una menor estadía en la sala de recuperación anestésica. Las complicaciones más importantes asociadas a su uso son la hipotensión arterial, la depresión respiratoria y el hematoma epidural. Las contraindicaciones más importantes para la realización de estas técnicas incluyen la presencia de cianosis, policitemia, coagulopatía preexistente y en los lactantes menores de 6 meses. Existe además un dilema ético importante relacionado con su uso. Por una parte es cierto que pueden obtenerse un grupo de ventajas, que también podrían lograrse con la aplicación de otras técnicas encaminadas a la extubación precoz (Fast track cardiac anesthesia y por la otra, existe siempre el peligro latente de sangramiento y de formación de un hematoma epidural. Se realiza una revisión bibliográfica sobre las diferentes técnicas utilizadas.Several articles have been published on the use of spinal and epidural anesthesia associated with general anesthesia in children undergoing cardiovascular surgery. The use of this technique causes a significant decrease of the stress response observed during and after cardiovascular surgery and that is particularly intense in newborns and infants. Besides, it produces a better pulmonary function, a longer hemodynamic stability, the possibility of fast track cardiac anesthesia, an excellent postoperative analgesia and a shorter stay in the

  13. Determinantes prenatales y postnatales tempranos de enfermedades cardiovasculares en el adulto

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    José-Guillermo Ortega-Ávila

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available El enfoque tradicional en la prevención de las Enfermedades Crónicas No Transmisibles (ECNT como las Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (ECVs se ha centrado en el estudio e intervención de factores de riesgo clásicos (sedentarismo, malnutrición, tabaquismo, obesidad etc en la etapa adulta, sin embargo actualmente hay suficiente evidencia que permite considerar que el riesgo de desarrollar una ECVs se inicia desde la etapa prenatal y postnatal temprana. Esta susceptibilidad ocurre en periodos de tiempo de alta plasticidad celular frente a factores de riesgo clásicos y no clásicos, que pueden determinar las instauración fisiológica de disfunción endotelial, resistencia a la insulina, inflamación subclínica crónica y modificaciones epigenéticas estables. Por lo tanto, nuevos esfuerzos en prevención y tratamiento de las ECVs deberían tener en cuenta la salud prenatal y postnatal temprana como un primer paso para reducir la morbimortalidad ocasionada por estas patologías.

  14. Caffeine and cardiovascular health.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Turnbull, Duncan; Rodricks, Joseph V; Mariano, Gregory F; Chowdhury, Farah

    2017-10-01

    This report evaluates the scientific literature on caffeine with respect to potential cardiovascular outcomes, specifically relative risks of total cardiovascular disease (CVD), coronary heart disease (CHD) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI), effects on arrhythmia, heart failure, sudden cardiac arrest, stroke, blood pressure, hypertension, and other biomarkers of effect, including heart rate, cerebral blood flow, cardiac output, plasma homocysteine levels, serum cholesterol levels, electrocardiogram (EKG) parameters, heart rate variability, endothelial/platelet function and plasma/urine catecholamine levels. Caffeine intake has been associated with a range of reversible and transient physiological effects broadly and cardiovascular effects specifically. This report attempts to understand where the delineations exist in caffeine intake and corresponding cardiovascular effects among various subpopulations. The available literature suggests that cardiovascular effects experienced by caffeine consumers at levels up to 600 mg/day are in most cases mild, transient, and reversible, with no lasting adverse effect. The point at which caffeine intake may cause harm to the cardiovascular system is not readily identifiable in part because data on the effects of daily intakes greater than 600 mg is limited. However, the evidence considered within this review suggests that typical moderate caffeine intake is not associated with increased risks of total cardiovascular disease; arrhythmia; heart failure; blood pressure changes among regular coffee drinkers; or hypertension in baseline populations. Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  15. Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ioni Oliveira Santos

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available INTRODUCTION: Hantavirus is a genus of ribonucleic acid (RNA viruses included in the family Bunyaviridae. Hantaviruses are rodent-borne zoonoses that, in the last 18 years, became an emergent public health problem in the Americas, causing a severe cardiopulmonary syndrome. This disease has no specific treatment and has a high case fatality. The transmission of hantavirus to man occurs by inhaling aerosols of rodent excreta. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of antibodies to hantavirus in the population of the rural settlement of Tupã in the county of Marcelândia, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. METHODS: The participants of the serologic survey were visited at their homes and selected randomly among the settlement population. Blood samples of the participants were collected by venopuncture. The serum samples were tested by an IgG-ELISA using an N recombinant protein of Araraquara hantavirus as antigen, using the protocol previously established by Figueiredo et al. RESULTS: IgG antibodies to hantavirus were detected in 7 (13% of the 54 participants. The positivity was higher among men. It was observed that there was an association of seropositivity to hantavirus within the participants born in the south of Brazil. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that, in this rural area, everyone is exposed to the same risk of becoming infected with hantavirus, and, therefore, there is a need to intensify surveillance activities and education of the local people to prevent this viral infection.

  16. Prevalencia de dislipemia y riesgo cardiovascular elevado en pacientes con artritis reumatoide Prevalence of dyslipidemia and elevated cardiovascular risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

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    María Jezabel Haye Salinas

    2013-02-01

    Full Text Available Los objetivos del estudio fueron comparar la frecuencia de riesgo cardiovascular (CV elevado y dislipemia (DLP en pacientes con artritis reumatoide (AR y en controles, identificar variables de la enfermedad asociadas a DLP y estimar el porcentaje de pacientes con AR medicados para DLP. Estudio de corte transversal que incluyó 409 pacientes con AR y 624 controles. El riesgo CV se determinó con las clasificaciones NCEP y SCORE modificados por European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR. Para DLP se utilizó la definición de Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III. La frecuencia de riesgo CV elevado fue similar en pacientes con AR y controles excepto cuando fue definida por NCEP-EULAR (7% vs. 2%; p = 0.00002. La DLP fue encontrada en el 43% de los pacientes con AR y en el 47% de los controles (p = 0.15. Los pacientes con AR y DLP tuvieron más manifestaciones extra-articulares (36% vs. 24%; p = 0.01 y mayor velocidad de sedimentación globular (VSG (21 (13-35 vs. 18 (10-30 mm; p = 0.003. El tratamiento recibido para DLP varió según la definición utilizada (11% a 32%. Se encontró mayor riesgo CV en los pacientes con AR solo cuando se definió por NCEP- EULAR. Los pacientes con AR y DLP tuvieron mayor VSG y manifestaciones extra-articulares. La mayoría de los pacientes con AR y DLP no estaban recibiendo tratamiento hipolipemiante.The objectives of this study were to compare the frequency of dyslipidemia (DLP and the elevated cardiovascular risk between rheumatoid arthritis (RA patients and a control group, to identify disease-related factors associated with the presence of DLP and to estimate the frequency of RA patients receiving treatment for DLP. This is a cross sectional study that included 409 RA patients and 624 controls. Cardiovascular (CV risk was determined using the Framingham score, National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP and the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE adapted versions according to the European League Against

  17. Adherencia a tratamientos en pacientes con factores de riesgo cardiovascular Aderência ao tratamento em pacientes com fatores de risco cardiovascular Adherence to treatments in patients with cardiovascular risk factors

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    INNA ELIDA FLÓREZ TORRES

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Describir los factores que influyen en la adherencia a los tratamientos en pacientes con factores de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular de un hospital de tercer nivel de la ciudad de Cartagena, Colombia. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo-metodológico, realizado con 293 pacientes inscritos en los programas de hipertensión y diabetes. Se aplicó el instrumento diseñado por Bonilla y De Reales para evaluar los factores que influyen en la adherencia a los tratamientos, al cual se le realizaron pruebas de validación que arrojaron una buena confiabilidad dada por un alfa de Cronbach de 0,79 para la calificación total del instrumento y un coeficiente de correlación test-retest (Sperman, estadísticamente significativo. Resultados: Globalmente, el 88% de los pacientes se encontró en la categoría sin riesgo de no adherirse a los tratamientos, un 12%, en riesgo moderado. Conclusiones: los factores que favorecieron la adherencia, fueron la disponibilidad de recursos económicos para satisfacer las necesidades básicas, redes de apoyo familiares y un sistema y equipo de salud organizado. El riesgo moderado de no adherencia, se relacionó con las intervenciones del equipo de salud, entre éstas, falta de orientaciones sobre la forma de ajustar los horarios de los medicamentos, carencia de recomendaciones escritas sobre el tratamiento, confusión por cambios del médico, y percepción de gravedad de la enfermedad. Estos hallazgos apoyan la necesidad de implementar procesos de formación e investigación a nivel institucional y académico que preparen a los profesionales en el abordaje de la problemática de la no adherencia en enfermedades crónicas.Objetivo: Descrever os fatores que influenciam na aderência aos tratamentos em pacientes com fatores de risco de doença cardiovascular de um hospital de terceiro nível da cidade de Cartagena, Colômbia. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo-metodológico, realizado com 293 pacientes inscritos nos

  18. Recomendaciones educativas para la prevención y el control de las enfermedades cardiovasculares

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    Alfredo Darío Espinosa Brito

    2011-02-01

    Full Text Available Cada vez parece más evidente que para brindar un cuidado efectivo a las personas con enfermedades cardiovasculares, o en riesgo de padecerlas, tanto los pacientes, como sus familiares y los profesionales sanitarios, deben expandir sus competencias profesionales, para lograr resultados favorables. En este trabajo se plantean y justifican cuatro recomendaciones educativas relacionadas con el paciente, la familia y los profesionales de la salud, así como se proponen acciones para llevarlas a la práctica en el contexto latinoamericano actual. Se sugiere capacitar al personal sanitario para brindar una asistencia integral y un cuidado centrado en el paciente, a través de una educación continuada apropiada, para poder educar, al mismo tiempo, a los pacientes y sus familiares. También se aboga por promover sistemas organizados para educar a las personas en riesgo y a los pacientes con enfermedades cardiovasculares y de este modo favorecer su propio control y autocuidado. Finalmente, se plantea la educación a la población en la identificación temprana de los síntomas de las urgencias cardiovasculares para obtener mejores resultados en la asistencia médica en esos casos.

  19. [Spanish adaptation of the 2016 European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Royo-Bordonada, Miguel Ángel; Armario, Pedro; Lobos Bejarano, José María; Pedro-Botet, Juan; Villar Álvarez, Fernando; Elosua, Roberto; Brotons Cuixart, Carlos; Cortés, Olga; Serrano, Benilde; Camafort Babkowski, Miguel; Gil Núñez, Antonio; Pérez, Antonio; Maiques, Antonio; de Santiago Nocito, Ana; de Castro, Almudena; Alegría, Eduardo; Baeza, Ciro; Herranz, María; Sans, Susana; Campos, Pilar

    The VI European Guidelines for Cardiovascular Prevention recommend combining population and high-risk strategies with lifestyle changes as a cornerstone of prevention, and propose the SCORE function to quantify cardiovascular risk. The guidelines highlight disease specific interventions, and conditions as women, young people and ethnic minorities. Screening for subclinical atherosclerosis with noninvasive imaging techniques is not recommended. The guidelines distinguish four risk levels (very high, high, moderate and low) with therapeutic objectives for lipid control according to risk. Diabetes mellitus confers a high risk, except for subjects with type 2 diabetes with less than cardiovascular risk, taking into account the lesion of target organs. The guidelines don't recommend antiplatelet drugs in primary prevention because of the increased bleeding risk. The low adherence to the medication requires simplified therapeutic regimes and to identify and combat its causes. The guidelines highlight the responsibility of health professionals to take an active role in advocating evidence-based interventions at the population level, and propose effective interventions, at individual and population level, to promote a healthy diet, the practice of physical activity, the cessation of smoking and the protection against alcohol abuse. Copyright © 2017. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U.

  20. [Strategies for cardiovascular disease prevention].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gabus, Vincent; Wuerzner, Grégoire; Saubade, Mathieu; Favre, Lucie; Jacot Sadowski, Isabelle; Nanchen, David

    2018-02-28

    Atherosclerosis is a disease which develops very gradually over decades. Under the influence of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors, such as blood pressure, LDL-cholesterol level, smoking or lifestyle, clinical symptoms of atherosclerosis manifest more or less early in life. When cardiovascular risk factors accumulate, the risk of having a cardiovascular event increases and the benefits of prevention measures are greater. This article summarizes existing strategies for controlling modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in primary prevention. The physician can rely on an interprofessional network of cardiovascular prevention. Managing risk factors while respecting the autonomy and priorities of the patient will bring the greatest benefit.

  1. EFECTOS DE LOS MEDICAMENTOS CARDIOVASCULARES SOBRE EL GLOBO OCULAR / Effects of cardiovascular drugs on the eyeball

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Caridad Peraza Martínez

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Resumen Introducción y objetivos: A las consultas de Oftalmología acuden pacientes con una alta incidencia de enfermedades cardiovasculares y muchos de los fármacos útiles para este tipo de afecciones pueden producir efectos indeseables sobre el globo ocular. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar las reacciones adversas que, sobre el órgano visual, provoca el consumo de estos medicamentos, y señalar sus contraindicaciones en personas afectadas por alguna enfermedad ocular. Método: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en textos especializados y se seleccionaron los medicamentos que podían producir reacciones adversas oculares, así como los que estaban contraindicados en las enfermedades oftalmológicas. Resultados: Se revisaron 276 medicamentos y se seleccionaron 72 (26,08 %. La visión borrosa (38/72, la disminución de la agudeza visual (21/72 y el vértigo (16/72 fueron las reacciones adversas más frecuentes asociadas al uso de los medicamentos cardiovasculares. Se exponen los 6 medicamentos que están contraindicados en este tipo de pacientes y los 14 que deben prescribirse con gran precaución en enfermedades como: el glaucoma, la atrofia óptica, la retinopatía hipertensiva y la migraña, entre otras. Conclusiones: Se encontró que 72 medicamentos (26,08 % utilizados en las enfermedades cardiovasculares presentan, dentro de sus reacciones adversas, alguna sintomatología ocular. Predominan la visión borrosa, la disminución de la agudeza visual y el vértigo. Es de extrema importancia realizar un buen interrogatorio a los pacientes para conocer sus antecedentes patológicos personales y así evitar el uso de fármacos que sean útiles para una enfermedad y perjudiciales para otra. El médico, con conocimiento de causa, valorará el riesgo/beneficio en aquellos fármacos imprescindibles. / AbstractIntroduction and Objectives: There is a high incidence of cardiovascular conditions among the patients who visit the

  2. Acute Cardiovascular Care Association Position Paper on Intensive Cardiovascular Care Units

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Bonnefoy-Cudraz, Eric; Bueno, Hector; Casella, Gianni

    2018-01-01

    , the recommended management structure, the optimal number of staff, the need for specially trained cardiologists and cardiovascular nurses, the desired equipment and architecture, and the interaction with other departments in the hospital and other intensive cardiovascular care units in the region...

  3. Mortality of mothers from cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular causes following pregnancy complications in first delivery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lykke, Jacob A; Langhoff-Roos, Jens; Lockwood, Charles J; Triche, Elizabeth W; Paidas, Michael J

    2010-07-01

    The combined effects of preterm delivery, small-for-gestational-age offspring, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, placental abruption and stillbirth on early maternal death from cardiovascular causes have not previously been described in a large cohort. We investigated the effects of pregnancy complications on early maternal death in a registry-based retrospective cohort study of 782 287 women with a first singleton delivery in Denmark 1978-2007, followed for a median of 14.8 years (range 0.25-30.2) accruing 11.6 million person-years. We employed Cox proportional hazard models of early death from cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular causes following preterm delivery, small-for-gestational-age offspring and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. We found that preterm delivery and small-for-gestational-age were both associated with subsequent death of mothers from cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular causes. Severe pre-eclampsia was associated with death from cardiovascular causes only. There was a less than additive effect on cardiovascular mortality hazard ratios with increasing number of pregnancy complications: preterm delivery 1.90 [95% confidence intervals 1.49, 2.43]; preterm delivery and small-for-gestational-age offspring 3.30 [2.25, 4.84]; preterm delivery, small-for-gestational-age offspring and pre-eclampsia 3.85 [2.07, 7.19]. Thus, we conclude that, separately and combined, preterm delivery and small-for-gestational-age are strong markers of early maternal death from both cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular causes, while hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are markers of early death of mothers from cardiovascular causes.

  4. Agencia de autocuidado y factores de riesgo cardiovascular en adolescentes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rosa del Socorro Morales Aguilar

    2016-05-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación entre la capacidad de agencia de autocuidado y los factores de riesgo cardiovascular en adolescentes de una Institución de Educación Superior en el Distrito de Barranquilla, Colombia. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo, exploratorio, de corte transversal, con abordaje cuantitativo, basado en la Teoría del Déficit de Autocuidado de Dorothea Orem. La muestra fue compuesta por 133 adolescentes, seleccionados mediante muestreo aleatorio simple. Se aplicaron la Escala Apreciación de la Agencia de Autocuidado (segunda versión en español, el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física (versión corta y la Encuesta Mundial de Tabaquismo en Jóvenes. Para el análisis de los niveles de significancia se utilizó la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis para muestras independientes. Resultados: La mayor parte de los participantes presentó niveles de capacidad de agencia de autocuidado media y alta respectivamente. De acuerdo con la identificación de los factores de riesgo para enfermedad cardiovascular, se evidenció que los adolescentes presentaron probabilidades de desarrollar alguna enfermedad cardiovascular hacia el futuro, dado el comportamiento de los factores de riesgo, como son la obesidad y el sedentarismo. En cuanto a la relación entre la capacidad de agencia de autocuidado y los factores de riesgo, se encontró asociación significativa al relacionar la capacidad de agencia de autocuidado con las categorías de clasificación de la presión arterial. Conclusiones: Los resultados encontrados en el presente estudio coinciden con lo hallado por otros investigadores que afirman que el sedentarismo y la obesidad son los factores de riesgo con mayor presencia en los adolescentes. De igual manera, los hallazgos indican que los adolescentes mostraron capacidad de agencia de autocuidado de nivel medio, pero sólo se encontró asociaci

  5. Trace Elements in Cardiovascular Diseases

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Masironi, R. [Cardiovascular Diseases Unit, World Health Organization, Geneva (Switzerland)

    1970-07-01

    Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in industrialized countries. Their incidence increases, apparently, as a, function of technological progress so that in the future they may become a major public health problem in developing countries too. Early diagnosis and prevention are the tools best suited to curb such an alarming trend, but our knowledge of these topics is unsatisfactory, Valuable information would be obtained through a systematic investigation of trace elements in relation to cardiovascular function and to various types of cardiovascular diseases. Such studies would provide clues to the following questions: 1. Why does the incidence and type of cardiovascular disease differ from one country to another? May this be related to differences in tissue mineral concentrations among various population groups? 2. Which trace elements if any are beneficial to cardiovascular health, and which are harmful ones that may act as aetiological agents for some cardiovascular diseases? 3. Is it possible to utilize measurements of mineral element concentration for diagnostic purposes in cardiovascular disease? (author)

  6. Asian & Pacific Islanders and Cardiovascular Diseases

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Fact Sheet 2016 Update Asian & Pacific Islanders and Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) (ICD 10 codes I00-I99, Q20- ... of na- tive Hawaiians or oth- A indicates cardiovascular disease plus congenital cardiovascular disease (ICD-10 I00- ...

  7. Azitromicina y efectos cardiovasculares notificados al Sistema Cubano de Farmacovigilancia, 2003-2012

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ismary Alfonso Orta

    Full Text Available Introducción: la azitromicina, es un antibacteriano macrólido semisintético, al cual se han asociado efectos cardiovasculares, como la prolongación del intervalo QT y trastornos del ritmo que pueden ser fatales. La FDA alertó sobre un pequeño aumento de la mortalidad y riesgo de muerte en personas tratadas durante 5 días con este antibacteriano, y en el Centro Internacional de Monitoreo de Uppsala también se han registrado casos. Objetivo: caracterizar las reacciones adversas cardiovasculares a la azitromicina informadas a la Unidad Nacional Coordinadora de Farmacovigilancia durante el periodo 2003-2012. Métodos: estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal utilizando la base de datos nacional de farmacovigilancia y las notificaciones espontáneas de reacciones adversas. Se trabajó con el universo de pacientes con reacciones adversas a la azitromicina. Las reacciones cardiovasculares se clasificaron según tipo de reacción, severidad, imputabilidad y frecuencia. Se estudiaron los pacientes que presentaron reacciones adversas según sexo y edad. Resultados: se recibieron 1 960 notificaciones de reacciones adversas a la azitromicina en el periodo de estudio, de las cuales 96 se correspondieron con reacciones adversas cardiovasculares para el 4,9 %. Predominaron en el sexo femenino (55,2 % y en los adultos (75 %. Las palpitaciones representaron el 44,8 % (43 pacientes, seguidas de la taquicardia y el dolor torácico. El 67,7 % resultaron moderadas, el 71,9 % probables y el 60,4 % ocasionales. El 31,3 % de las reacciones se pudo haber evitado y el motivo que predominó fue la indicación inadecuada en el 70 %. Conclusiones: aunque no se informan reacciones adversas cardiovasculares con desenlace fatal en personas tratadas con azitromicina, la tercera parte de ellas se podrían haber evitado; por lo se recomienda realizar una vigilancia más proactiva a este medicamento, así como informar todas las reacciones al Sistema Cubano de

  8. Dieta habitual e fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Maria Cervato

    1997-06-01

    Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: Estudo descritivo por amostragem em munícípio do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, em 1990, com objetivo de analisar, mediante entrevistas domiciliares, a dieta habitual e fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares em indivíduos maiores de 20 anos. METODOLOGIA: Foram entrevistados 557 indivíduos, de idade entre 20 e 88 anos, que fazem parte de subamostra de um estudo global na região. A dieta habitual, identificada pelo histórico alimentar foi comparada às recomendações da OMS e os fatores de risco estudados (obesidade, dislipidemias, diabetes melito diagnosticados pelo Índice de Massa Corpórea e dosagens bioquímicas. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÕES: Observou-se que 60% da população consome dieta com energia total abaixo da estimativa das necessidades e que a contribuição calórica dos carboidratos foi de 56%, dos lipídios de 29% e das proteínas de 15%. Entretanto, na análise por percentil, a contribuição calórica dos lipídios e das proteínas encontra-se muito acima dos padrões recomendados em detrimento dos carboidratos. A energia, distribuição calórica e quantidade de colesterol foi adequada em apenas 5% das dietas. Dentre os fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares estudados observou-se a prevalência de obesidade em 38% dos indivíduos, de dislipidemias em 26% e de diabetes melito em 5%. A atividade física leve preponderante com dieta inadequada, tanto em termos de qualitativos quanto quantitativos, agravam ainda mais esse quadro.

  9. Morbidade subjacente à concessão de benefício por incapacidade temporária para o trabalho

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Boff Bernadete M

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Identificar os agravos à saúde subjacentes à concessão de benefício por incapacidade temporária, na população trabalhadora segurada. MÉTODOS: Foram recuperados do banco de dados do Instituto Nacional de Seguro Social (INSS todos os benefícios do tipo auxílio-doença previdenciário (E-31 concedidos no ano de 1998 aos trabalhadores de Porto Alegre, RS. Os Códigos de Classificação Internacional de Doenças atribuídos à condição subjacente à incapacidade no exame pericial inicial (aX1 foram utilizados para descrever as principais causas e os grupos de causas subjacentes à incapacidade. RESULTADOS: Foram concedidos 6.898 benefícios E-31: 1.486 (22% por "causas externas"; 1.181 (17% por "convalescência após cirurgia" (34% por causas gastrointestinais, 26% genitourinárias, 11% osteomusculares e 10% por causas externas; e 4.119 (61% por "condições clínicas" (24,8% por doenças osteomusculares, 18,9% por doenças mentais e 16,2% por doenças cardiovasculares. Comparadas a estudo realizado no Brasil em 1986, as causas externas passaram da quarta para a primeira posição como determinante de incapacidade temporária para o trabalho. CONCLUSÃO: Acidentes e violências, doenças osteomusculares e doenças mentais -- as três primeiras causas de incapacidade identificadas -- estão potencialmente associadas à piora da qualidade de vida e de trabalho registrada no período e merecem atenção prioritária (preventiva e assistencial do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS. O estudo demonstra a viabilidade da utilização do banco de dados do INSS para estudos de morbidade.

  10. The Role of the Endothelium in HPS Pathogenesis and Potential Therapeutic Approaches

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Irina Gavrilovskaya

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available American hantaviruses cause a highly lethal acute pulmonary edema termed hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS. Hantaviruses nonlytically infect endothelial cells and cause dramatic changes in barrier functions of the endothelium without disrupting the endothelium. Instead hantaviruses cause changes in the function of infected endothelial cells that normally regulate fluid barrier functions of capillaries. The endothelium of arteries, veins, and lymphatic vessels is unique and central to the function of vast pulmonary capillary beds, which regulate pulmonary fluid accumulation. The endothelium maintains vascular barrier functions through a complex series of redundant receptors and signaling pathways that serve to both permit fluid and immune cell efflux into tissues and restrict tissue edema. Infection of the endothelium provides several mechanisms for hantaviruses to alter capillary permeability but also defines potential therapeutic targets for regulating acute pulmonary edema and HPS disease. Here we discuss interactions of HPS causing hantaviruses with the endothelium, potential endothelial cell-directed permeability mechanisms, and therapeutic targeting of the endothelium as a means of reducing the severity of HPS disease.

  11. 14 CFR 67.111 - Cardiovascular.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Cardiovascular. 67.111 Section 67.111 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIRMEN MEDICAL STANDARDS AND CERTIFICATION First-Class Airman Medical Certificate § 67.111 Cardiovascular. Cardiovascular...

  12. 14 CFR 67.311 - Cardiovascular.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Cardiovascular. 67.311 Section 67.311 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIRMEN MEDICAL STANDARDS AND CERTIFICATION Third-Class Airman Medical Certificate § 67.311 Cardiovascular. Cardiovascular...

  13. 14 CFR 67.211 - Cardiovascular.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Cardiovascular. 67.211 Section 67.211 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIRMEN MEDICAL STANDARDS AND CERTIFICATION Second-Class Airman Medical Certificate § 67.211 Cardiovascular. Cardiovascular...

  14. Prevalência de Fatores de Risco Cardiovascular em Pacientes em Hemodiálise - O Estudo CORDIAL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jayme Eduardo Burmeister

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available Fundamentos: Há uma carência de dados epidemiológicos sobre o perfil de risco cardiovascular nos pacientes renais crônicos em hemodiálise no Brasil. Objetivo: O estudo CORDIAL foi planejado para avaliar fatores de risco cardiovascular e acompanhar a evolução de uma população em programa de hemodiálise numa cidade metropolitana do Brasil. Métodos: Todos os pacientes em hemodiálise por doença renal crônica nos quinze centros de nefrologia de Porto Alegre foram considerados para inclusão na fase inicial do estudo CORDIAL. Dados clínicos, laboratoriais e demográficos foram obtidos nos registros médicos, e em entrevistas individuais estruturadas realizadas com todos os pacientes por pesquisadores treinados. Resultados: Foram incluídos 1215 pacientes (97,3% de todos os que estavam em hemodiálise na cidade de Porto Alegre. A média de idade era 58,3 anos, 59,5% eram homens e 62,8% eram brancos. A prevalência de fatores de risco cardiovascular encontrada foi 87,5% para hipertensão, 84,7% para dislipidemia, 73,1% para sedentarismo, 53,7% para tabagismo e 35,8% para diabetes. Em uma análise multivariada ajustada, sedentarismo (p = 0,032; RP 1,08 - IC95%: 1,01-1,15, dislipidemia (p = 0,019; RP 1,08 - IC95%: 1,01-1,14, e obesidade (p < 0,001; RP 1,96 - IC95%: 1,45-2,63 foram mais frequentes em mulheres; e hipertensão (p = 0,018; PR 1,06 - IC95%: 1,01-1,11 e tabagismo (p = 0,006; RP 2,7 - IC95%: 1,79-4,17 foram mais frequentes naqueles com menos de 65 anos. Sedentarismo apresentou uma associação independente com tempo em diálise inferior a 12 meses (p < 0,001; RP 1,23 - IC95%: 1,14-1,33. Conclusão: Pacientes em hemodiálise nesta metrópole do sul do Brasil apresentaram uma prevalência elevada de fatores de risco cardiovascular similar a diversos países do hemisfério norte.

  15. Grado de adherencia a tratamientos en personas con riesgo cardiovascular

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Stella Ignacia Ortega Oviedo

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Determinar el grado de adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico y no farmacológico en personas con factores de riesgo cardiovascular inscritos en el programa de promoción de la salud y prevención de la enfermedad cardiovascular en una Institución Prestadora de Salud de Montería, Colombia. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo, transversal, cuantitativo, con 204 pacientes de un programa de promoción de la salud y prevención de la enfermedad cardiovascular. La información se obtuvo aplicando la cuarta versión del Instrumento para evaluar los factores que influyen en la adherencia a tratamientos farmacológicos y no farmacológicos en pacientes con factores de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular, diseñado por Bonilla y Gutiérrez (3. Los resultados se analizaron mediante técnicas de estadística descriptiva y medidas de tendencia central y de posición. Resultados: El grado de adherencia terapéutica en los participantes mostró un 67% en situación de ventaja para adherencia; un 29% en riesgo a no adherirse y un 4% en situación de no adherencia. Los tres grupos de situación de adherencia identificados varían estadísticamente con relación a las cuatro dimensiones estudiadas, siendo la Dimensión II relacionada con el proveedor la que aportó mayor diferencia. Conclusiones: Estos hallazgos permiten destacar la importancia de la relación paciente-proveedor en el grado de adherencia de los pacientes, haciendo necesario que la institución y el equipo de salud y enfermería enfaticen las acciones de autocuidado con apoyo, acompañamiento permanente y orientación acorde a sus necesidades, a sus expectativas y a las características individuales de las personas atendidas.

  16. Maintained intentional weight loss reduces cardiovascular outcomes: results from the Sibutramine Cardiovascular OUTcomes (SCOUT) trial.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Caterson, I D; Finer, N; Coutinho, W; Van Gaal, L F; Maggioni, A P; Torp-Pedersen, C; Sharma, A M; Legler, U F; Shepherd, G M; Rode, R A; Perdok, R J; Renz, C L; James, W P T

    2012-06-01

    The Sibutramine Cardiovascular OUTcomes trial showed that sibutramine produced greater mean weight loss than placebo but increased cardiovascular morbidity but not mortality. The relationship between 12-month weight loss and subsequent cardiovascular outcomes is explored. Overweight/obese subjects (N = 10 744), ≥55 years with cardiovascular disease and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus, received sibutramine plus weight management during a 6-week Lead-in Period before randomization to continue sibutramine (N = 4906) or to receive placebo (N = 4898). The primary endpoint was the time from randomization to first occurrence of a primary outcome event (non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke, resuscitated cardiac arrest or cardiovascular death). For the total population, mean weight change during Lead-in Period (sibutramine) was -2.54 kg. Post-randomization, mean total weight change to Month 12 was -4.18 kg (sibutramine) or -1.87 kg (placebo). Degree of weight loss during Lead-in Period or through Month 12 was associated with a progressive reduction in risk for the total population in primary outcome events and cardiovascular mortality over the 5-year assessment. Although more events occurred in the randomized sibutramine group, on an average, a modest weight loss of approximately 3 kg achieved in the Lead-in Period appeared to offset this increased event rate. Moderate weight loss (3-10 kg) reduced cardiovascular deaths in those with severe, moderate or mild cardiovascular disease. Modest weight loss over short-term (6 weeks) and longer-term (6-12 months) periods is associated with reduction in subsequent cardiovascular mortality for the following 4-5 years even in those with pre-existing cardiovascular disease. While the sibutramine group experienced more primary outcome events than the placebo group, greater weight loss reduced overall risk of these occurring in both groups. © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

  17. Cardiovascular diseases

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kodama, Kazunori

    1992-01-01

    This paper is aimed to discuss the involvement of delayed radiation effects of A-bomb exposure in cardiovascular diseases. First, the relationship between radiation and cardiovascular diseases is reviewed in the literature. Animal experiments have confirmed the relationship between ionizing radiation and vascular lesions. There are many reports which describe ischemic heart disease, cervical and cerebrovascular diseases, and peripheral disease occurring after radiation therapy. The previous A-bomb survivor cohort studies, i.e., the RERF Life Span Study and Adult Health Study, have dealt with the mortality rate from cardiovascular diseases, the prevalence or incidence of cardiovascular diseases, pathological findings, clinical observation of arteriosclerosis, ECG abnormality, blood pressure abnormality, and cardiac function. The following findings have been suggested: (1) A-bomb exposure is likely to be involved in the mortality rate and incidence of ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular diseases; (2) similarly, the involvement of A-bomb exposure is considered in the prevalence of the arch of aorta; (3) ECG abnormality corresponding to ischemic heart disease may reflect the involvement of A-bomb exposure. To confirm the above findings, further studies are required on the basis of more accurate information and the appropriate number of cohort samples. Little evidence has been presented for the correlation between A-bomb exposure and both rheumatic heart disease and congenital heart disease. (N.K.) 88 refs

  18. LA INFLUENCIA DE UN PROGRAMA DE ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA SOBRE PARÁMETROS CORPORALES Y CARDIOVASCULARES EN MUJERES PREMENOPÁUSICAS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcos Maynar Mariño

    2012-07-01

    Full Text Available Durante el ciclo de la vida, la figura corporal de la mujer se modifica paulatinamente, pero al llegar la edad mediana, a consecuencia de la pérdida folicular de la función ovárica entre otros factores, se acentúan los cambios fisiológicos que pueden aumentar el riesgo para la salud y el bienestar. La androgenia, en asociación con la obesidad, aumenta el riesgo de padecer diabetes, hipertensión, dislipidemia, arterosclerosis, enfermedades cardiovasculares, colelitiasis, artrosis, artritis, carcinomas femeninos y otras patologías de la edad mediana. El ejercicio físico ha adquirido cada vez mayor importancia dentro de la terapéutica en el climaterio. Se han demostrado los efectos positivos del ejercicio sobre las enfermedades cardiovasculares y el mantenimiento del peso. Por todo ello, el estudio pretende conocer la influencia de un programa de actividad física de cinco meses de duración sobre factores de riesgo cardiovasculares como la hipertensión arterial y la composición corporal en mujeres premenopáusicas. Participaron 20 mujeres premenopáusicas, separadas en dos grupos de mujeres: menores de 35 años (n=10, y mayores de 35 años (n=10. Las valoraciones previas y al finalizar el programa fueron: valoración de la tensión arterial y de la composición corporal. Los resultados mostraron una reducción significativa en mayor medida en la tensión arterial diastólica y en la masa grasa en el grupo de mujeres mayores de 35 años premenopáusicas. Por ello, practicar un programa de ejercicio físico basado en el aeróbic, clases de step y tonificación con mancuernas, mejora factores de riesgo cardiovasculares como la hipertensión arterial y la composición corporal en mujeres adultas mayores de 35 años premenopáusicas.

  19. Nonfasting hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular disease

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Nordestgaard, B G; Langsted, A; Freiberg, J J

    2009-01-01

    , total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A1 all associate with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. These new data open the possibility that nonfasting rather than fasting lipid profiles can be used for cardiovascular risk prediction. If implemented, this would...... of cardiovascular disease and early death....

  20. Estudio sociológico y del conocimiento de los factores de riesgo de las enfermedades cardiovasculares en la Costa Caribe Colombiana (Estudio Caribe Sociological study for detection of risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in the Colombian Caribbean Coast population

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Manzur Fernando

    2005-09-01

    Full Text Available Introducción y objetivos:: el objetivo del estudio se basó en un cuestionario estructurado para evaluar el conocimiento que tiene la población de los factores de riesgo y estudiar los porcentajes de prevalencia de los mismos en la enfermedad cardiovascular en la población del Caribe colombiano. Metodología: se aleatorizó una muestra representativa de 2.023 pacientes a través de un test sistemático aplicado en la ciudad de Cartagena y en sus poblaciones cercanas (con una población aproximada de 1'200.000 personas en el cual se reseñaron y se correlacionaron los siguientes ítemes: edad, género, nivel educacional, tabaquismo, presión arterial, diabetes, colesterol, triglicéridos (dislipidemia, alcoholismo, estrés (ansiedad-depresión, obesidad, electrocardiograma, infarto del miocardio, vida sedentaria, herencia de enfermedad cardiovascular, pacientes en tratamiento, angina y falla cardiaca. Resultados: en un total de 2.023 encuestas se obtuvo un resultado por edades con un promedio mayor entre 36 y 40 años de edad para un promedio total de 47 años; por género 59,7% fueron mujeres y 40,3% hombres. Por nivel educacional 32% eran escolares, 19,9% profesionales y 20,6% técnicos. El 25,1% presentó dislipidemia (colesterol y/o triglicéridos elevados el 11,8% y diabetes. El 21% padecía obesidad, 10,1% había presentado algún episodio de angina. Sólo el 18,8% venía recibiendo medicación. Sólo el 7% de la muestra tenía falla cardíaca y 1,4% había tenido infarto agudo del miocardio; de la muestra 15,4% eran fumadores; 5,1% presentaron anormalidad en el electrocardiograma; 24,2% tenían episodios de estrés, y una cifra verdaderamente elevada del 37,4% llevaba una vida sedentaria. Conclusión: la prevalencia de factores de riesgo en este estudio ha sido similar a la de otros estudios en demás países occidentales; se observó diferencia significativa en la vida sedentaria y en los niveles de educación. Se notó un incremento

  1. Actividad física global de pacientes con factores de riesgo cardiovascular aplicando el "International Physical Activity Questionaire (IPAQ.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Angélica Zhang-Xu

    2011-07-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de actividad física global de los pacientes con factores de riesgo cardiovascular, mediante el cuestionario IPAQ. Material y métodos: Estudio tipo serie de casos. La población estuvo compuesta por pacientes con hipertensión arterial, obesidad y diabetes mellitus entre 35 y 69 años de edad. Se utilizó el IPAQ para medir el nivel de actividad física. Resultados: De 180 entrevistados, 122 (67,8% fueron del sexo femenino. La edad media fue 56,9 ± 8,8 años, el IMC promedio fue 29,0 ± 5,2 (18,6 - 48,5. Ciento nueve (60,5% pacientes tenían un solo factor de riesgo cardiovascular modificable por medio de actividad física, 59 (32,8% dos factores y 12 (6,7% tres factores. El tiempo promedio de diagnóstico en meses fue 34,6 (hipertensos y 51,1 (diabéticos. El nivel de actividad física fue trabajo en 30 (16,7% pacientes, en 80 (44,4% moderado y en 70 (38,9% alto. No hubo diferencias en el nivel de actividad física según la edad y sexo. Se encontró diferencia significativa en los pacientes con hipertensión quienes tenían actividad moderada (p=0,02 en los hipertensos obesos quienes tenían actividad físca alta (p=0,07. Conclusión: El nivel de actividad física global de los pacientes con factores de riesgo cardiovascular seleccionados fue predominantemente moderado y alto.(Rev Med Hered 2011;22:115-120.

  2. Evaluación del riesgo cardiovascular relacionado con la actividad laboral: Experiencia en una empresa del estado

    OpenAIRE

    Crespo Pardo, Angie Viviana; Másmela Isaza, Andrea Consuelo; Tirado Rodríguez, Ana Milena

    2015-01-01

    La incidencia y prevalencia de enfermedad y riesgo cardiovascular (RCV) se incrementan con los años, como consecuencia de la falta de control en los factores de riesgo modificables, por ejemplo el sedentarismo, principalmente observado en trabajadores de oficina. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue identificar los factores asociados con el incremento del RCV en trabajadores de una empresa del estado en Bogotá, Colombia en el año 2013, a través de un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal ...

  3. Research in cardiovascular care

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Jaarsma, Tiny; Deaton, Christi; Fitzsimmons, Donna

    2014-01-01

    with the increasing opportunities and challenges in multidisciplinary research, the Science Committee of the Council on Cardiovascular Nursing and Allied Professionals (CCNAP) recognised the need for a position statement to guide researchers, policymakers and funding bodies to contribute to the advancement...... of the body of knowledge that is needed to further improve cardiovascular care. In this paper, knowledge gaps in current research related to cardiovascular patient care are identified, upcoming challenges are explored and recommendations for future research are given....

  4. Celulitis por citomegalovirus

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    A. Ruiz Lascano

    2002-12-01

    Full Text Available Las lesiones cutáneas por citomegalovirus (CMV son infrecuentes y a menudo una manifestación tardía de una enfermedad sistémica, que generalmente anuncia un curso fatal. Comunicamos un caso de celulitis por CMV: una mujer de 70 años con trasplante renal efectuado 1 mes antes de la consulta, terapia inmunosupresora con ciclosporina A y metilprednisona. La paciente ingresó por fiebre, dolor e impotencia funcional en pierna derecha. Comprobamos la existencia de una placa de 8 por 4 cm eritematoedematosa. La tratamos con antibióticos sin mejoría, por lo que realizamos un estudio histopatológico de piel que mostró cambios citopáticos compatibles con infección por CMV. Los cultivos bacteriológicos y micológicos fueron negativos. La inmunohistoquímica específica para CMV y el estudio de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR de la biopsia de piel fueron positivas, al igual que la antigenemia. El tratamiento con ganciclovir produjo la mejoría del cuadro clínico. En la literatura revisada no hemos encontrado la celulitis como manifestación de enfermedad cutánea por CMV.

  5. Erectile dysfunction in the cardiovascular patient.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vlachopoulos, Charalambos; Jackson, Graham; Stefanadis, Christodoulos; Montorsi, Piero

    2013-07-01

    Erectile dysfunction is common in the patient with cardiovascular disease. It is an important component of the quality of life and it also confers an independent risk for future cardiovascular events. The usual 3-year time period between the onset of erectile dysfunction symptoms and a cardiovascular event offers an opportunity for risk mitigation. Thus, sexual function should be incorporated into cardiovascular disease risk assessment for all men. A comprehensive approach to cardiovascular risk reduction (comprising of both lifestyle changes and pharmacological treatment) improves overall vascular health, including sexual function. Proper sexual counselling improves the quality of life and increases adherence to medication. This review explores the critical connection between erectile dysfunction and cardiovascular disease and evaluates how this relationship may influence clinical practice. Algorithms for the management of patient with erectile dysfunction according to the risk for sexual activity and future cardiovascular events are proposed.

  6. Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Peripheral Artery Disease Venous Thromboembolism Aortic Aneurysm More Cardiovascular Disease & Diabetes Updated:Jan 29,2018 The following ... clear that there is a strong correlation between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes. At least 68 percent ...

  7. Oral health and cardiovascular care: Perceptions of people with cardiovascular disease

    Science.gov (United States)

    Salamonson, Yenna; Ajwani, Shilpi; Bhole, Sameer; Bishop, Joshua; Lintern, Karen; Nolan, Samantha; Rajaratnam, Rohan; Redfern, Julie; Sheehan, Maria; Skarligos, Fiona; Spencer, Lissa; Srinivas, Ravi

    2017-01-01

    Main objective The aim of this study was to explore the perception of patients with cardiovascular disease towards oral health and the potential for cardiac care clinicians to promote oral health. Method A needs assessment was undertaken with twelve patients with cardiovascular disease attending cardiac rehabilitation between 2015 and 2016, in three metropolitan hospitals in Sydney, Australia. These patients participated in face-to-face semi-structured interviews. Data was analysed using thematic analysis. Results Results suggested that while oral health was considered relevant there was high prevalence of poor oral health among participants, especially those from socioeconomic disadvantaged background. Awareness regarding the importance of oral health care its impact on cardiovascular outcomes was poor among participants. Oral health issues were rarely discussed in the cardiac setting. Main barriers deterring participants from seeking oral health care included lack of awareness, high cost of dental care and difficulties in accessing the public dental service. Findings also revealed that participants were interested in receiving further information about oral health and suggested various mediums for information delivery. The concept of cardiac care clinicians, especially nurses providing education, assessment and referrals to ongoing dental care was well received by participants who felt the post-acute period was the most appropriate time to receive oral health care advice. The issues of oral health training for non-dental clinicians and how to address existing barriers were highlighted by participants. Relevance to clinical practice The lack of oral health education being provided to patients with cardiovascular disease offers an opportunity to improve care and potentially, outcomes. In view of the evidence linking poor oral health with cardiovascular disease, cardiac care clinicians, especially nurses, should be appropriately trained to promote oral health in

  8. Oral health and cardiovascular care: Perceptions of people with cardiovascular disease.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paula Sanchez

    Full Text Available The aim of this study was to explore the perception of patients with cardiovascular disease towards oral health and the potential for cardiac care clinicians to promote oral health.A needs assessment was undertaken with twelve patients with cardiovascular disease attending cardiac rehabilitation between 2015 and 2016, in three metropolitan hospitals in Sydney, Australia. These patients participated in face-to-face semi-structured interviews. Data was analysed using thematic analysis.Results suggested that while oral health was considered relevant there was high prevalence of poor oral health among participants, especially those from socioeconomic disadvantaged background. Awareness regarding the importance of oral health care its impact on cardiovascular outcomes was poor among participants. Oral health issues were rarely discussed in the cardiac setting. Main barriers deterring participants from seeking oral health care included lack of awareness, high cost of dental care and difficulties in accessing the public dental service. Findings also revealed that participants were interested in receiving further information about oral health and suggested various mediums for information delivery. The concept of cardiac care clinicians, especially nurses providing education, assessment and referrals to ongoing dental care was well received by participants who felt the post-acute period was the most appropriate time to receive oral health care advice. The issues of oral health training for non-dental clinicians and how to address existing barriers were highlighted by participants.The lack of oral health education being provided to patients with cardiovascular disease offers an opportunity to improve care and potentially, outcomes. In view of the evidence linking poor oral health with cardiovascular disease, cardiac care clinicians, especially nurses, should be appropriately trained to promote oral health in their practice. Affordable and accessible

  9. Educational inequality in cardiovascular diseases

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Søndergaard, Grethe; Dalton, Susanne Oksbjerg; Mortensen, Laust Hvas

    2018-01-01

    AIMS: Educational inequality in diseases in the circulatory system (here termed cardiovascular disease) is well documented but may be confounded by early life factors. The aim of this observational study was to examine whether the associations between education and all cardiovascular diseases...... educational status was associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease, ischaemic heart disease and stroke. All associations attenuated in the within-sibship analyses, in particular in the analyses on ischaemic heart disease before age 45 years. For instance, in the cohort analyses, the hazard rate...... factors shared by siblings explained the associations between education and the cardiovascular disease outcomes but to varying degrees. This should be taken into account when planning interventions aimed at reducing educational inequalities in the development of cardiovascular disease, ischaemic heart...

  10. Environmental Factors and Cardiovascular Diseases

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Omer Faruk Tekbas

    2008-10-01

    Full Text Available Epidemiological and clinical observations have led to the hypothesis that the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases is influenced not only by genetic, lifestyle and major risk factors, but also by environmental factors. Environmental factors are considered key determinants of cardiovascular diseases. Although lifestyle choices such as smoking, diet, and exercise are viewed as major environmental influences, the contribution of pollutants and environmental chemicals is less clear. Accumulating evidence suggests that exposure to physically and chemical pollutants could elevate the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Many epidemiological studies report that exposure to physically, biologically and socio-cultural environmental factors are associated with an increase in cardiovascular mortality. Relationships between environmental factors and coronary arter disease, arhythmias, and cardiomyopathies have been reported. Exposures to arsenic, lead, cadmium, pollutant gases, solvents, and pesticides have also been linked to increased incidence of cardiovascular disease. In this paper, I review that relationships between exposure to physically, chemical, biologically and socio-cultural environmental factors and cardiovascular diseases. [TAF Prev Med Bull 2008; 7(5.000: 435-444

  11. Anti-inflamatórios não esteroides: Efeitos cardiovasculares, cérebro-vasculares e renais Antiinflamatorios no esteroides: efectos cardiovasculares, cerebrovasculares y renales Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and renal effects

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Michel Batlouni

    2010-04-01

    inhibidores de la ciclo-oxigenase (COX, selectivos o no. Los AINEs no selectivos son los más antiguos, y designados como tradicionales o convencionales. Los AINEs selectivos para la COX-2 se designan COXIBEs. En los últimos años, ha sido cuestionada la seguridad del uso de los AINEs en la práctica clínica, particularmente de los inhibidores selectivos de la COX-2. Las evidencias sobre el aumento del riesgo cardiovascular con el uso de AINEs son todavía incompletas, debido a la ausencia de ensayos randomizados y controlados con poder para evaluar desenlaces cardiovasculares relevantes. Sin embargo, los resultados de estudios clínicos prospectivos y de metaanálisis indican que los inhibidores selectivos de la COX-2 ejercen importantes efectos cardiovasculares adversos, que incluyen aumento del riesgo de infarto del miocardio, accidente cerebrovascular, insuficiencia cardiaca, insuficiencia renal y hipertensión arterial. El riesgo de estos efectos adversos es mayor en pacientes con historia previa de enfermedad cardiovascular o con alto riesgo para desarrollarla. En estos pacientes, el uso de inhibidores de la COX-2 debe ser limitado a aquellos para los que no hay alternativa apropiada y, aun así, solamente en dosis bajas y por el menor tiempo necesario. Aunque los efectos adversos más frecuentes se relacionen a la inhibición selectiva de la COX-2, la ausencia de selectividad para esta isoenzima no elimina completamente el riesgo de eventos cardiovasculares, de modo que todos los fármacos del largo espectro de los AINEs se deben prescribir solamente tras consideración del balance riesgo/beneficio.The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs are among the most often prescribed drugs in the world. This heterogeneous class of drugs includes aspirin and several other selective or non-selective cyclooxygenase (COX inhibitors. The non-selective NSAIDs are the oldest ones and are called traditional or conventional NSAIDs. The selective NSAIDs are called COX-2

  12. APOE Genotyping, Cardiovascular Disease

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Resources For Health Professionals Subscribe Search APOE Genotyping, Cardiovascular Disease Send Us Your Feedback Choose Topic At a ... help understand the role of genetic factors in cardiovascular disease . However, the testing is sometimes used in clinical ...

  13. Multifactorial Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Hypertension : the Cardiovascular Polypill

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Lafeber, M; Spiering, W; Visseren, F L J; Grobbee, D E

    2016-01-01

    Hypertension is a major, if not the most important, contributor to the disease burden and premature death globally which is largely related to cardiovascular disease. In both the primary and the secondary preventions of cardiovascular disease, blood pressure (BP) targets are often not achieved which

  14. Estrategias de prevencion y detección de factores de riesgo cardiovascular

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    F. Sonia Kunstmann, Dra.

    2010-09-01

    Los objetivos de la prevención cardiovascular son reducir esta morbimortalidad de individuos con riesgo absoluto elevado, y asistir a los que tengan un riesgo absoluto bajo, para que lo mantengan. Los individuos con mayor riesgo cardiovascular se benefician más del manejo de los factores de riesgo. Para lograr cambios realmente efectivos, se necesita un mejor control de los factores de riesgo determinantes de la incidencia de la ateroesclerosis. Hasta la fecha, sigue siendo insuficiente el control de los factores de riesgo en los pacientes de alto riesgo y en aquellos con enfermedad coronaria establecida, sobre todo en cuanto a tabaquismo y presión arterial, lo que es especialmente relevante en pacientes diabéticos. Las prioridades en prevención son pacientes con enfermedad ateroesclerótica establecida, individuos asintomáticos con alto riesgo por tener múltiples factores de riesgo, con Diabetes mellitus, o con aumento significativo de uno o más factores de riesgo individuales, especialmente si se asocian a daño de órganos blanco, y en aquellos con antecedente familiar de enfermedad ateroesclerótica precoz en un familiar directo.

  15. Factores de riesgo cardiovascular en estudiantes universitarios chilenos Cardiovascular risk factors in Chilean university students

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    María Teresa Chiang-Salgado

    1999-12-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Evaluar la prevalencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular en universitarios asintomáticos de ambos sexos, de entre 18 y 25 años de edad. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: La muestra quedó integrada por 1 301 estudiantes. En una submuestra de 293 sujetos se midieron lípidos séricos, con un analizador químico Hitachi 717. La obesidad se estimó considerando el índice de masa corporal (IMC; el antecedente familiar de infarto, así como el consumo de cigarrillos y el nivel de actividad física se determinaron mediante un cuestionario de autoevaluación. Se construyeron tablas de contingencia para estudiar asociaciones entre factores de riesgo lipídicos y no lipídicos, usando la prueba ji² de Pearson. Se realizó un análisis de regresión múltiple para determinar la relación de cada una de las variables lipídicas (colesterol total, colesterol-lipoproteína de baja densidad, colesterol-lipoproteína de alta densidad y triglicéridos, así como de las no lipídicas (edad, peso, estatura, IMC, sexo, presión arterial, conducta sedentaria y antecedente familiar de infarto precoz. RESULTADOS: Se encontraron niveles de riesgo lipídico en 29.2% de los casos para colesterol total, en 16.2% para lipoproteína de baja densidad y en 5% para lipoproteína de alta densidad. Entre los factores de riesgo no lipídicos más prevalentes, estaban el consumo de cigarrillos, con 46.1%, y el sedentarismo, que alcanzó 60.8%. La obesidad, la hipertensión arterial y el antecedente familiar alcanzaron 1.9, 4.6 y 11%, respectivamente. Se observó una asociación entre el perfil lipídico de riesgo, la obesidad, la conducta fumadora y el antecedente familiar. CONCLUSIONES: Los resultados mostraron una alta prevalencia de sedentarismo y conducta fumadora, asociada a un perfil lipídico de riesgo. Se deduce la necesidad imperiosa de diseñar programas de intervención con el fin de modificar el estilo de vida y prevenir la posible presencia de enfermedades

  16. Associação entre consumo de gordura trans e o desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares (DCV

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    Jussara Gazzola

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1807-0221.2015v12n20p90 Este trabalho foi desenvolvido através de pesquisa bibliográfica, com o objetivo de investigar a associação entre o consumo de uma dieta rica em gordura trans e o desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares (DCV. Os resultados dos estudos mostram uma associação positiva, devido principalmente à ação da gordura trans em alterar o perfil lipídico, aumentando o colesterol LDL (“ruim” e diminuindo o HDL (“o bom”. Verificou-se que o aumento de 2% no consumo desta gordura pode ser responsável pelo aumento de 23% na incidência de doenças cardiovasculares, em adultos saudáveis. Além disso, segundo uma análise de 60 estudos controlados sobre gorduras na dieta e níveis de lipídios no sangue, quando os carboidratos são substituídos por gordura trans, em uma dieta, aumentam as taxas do colesterol LDL – além de indicar que este o único tipo de gordura que não aumenta o colesterol HDL (fator protetor de DCV. Desta forma, constatou-se que há evidências científicas que indicam que a ingestão de uma dieta rica em gorduras trans está associada a uma maior incidência de doenças cardiovasculares. Uma das razões pelo elevado consumo deste tipo de gordura é devido a sua utilização como ingrediente básico para a fabricação dos mais diferentes produtos oferecidos pela indústria alimentícia, bem como, pela busca da sociedade atual por preparações que aliem praticidade e comodidade.

  17. Women's cardiovascular health in India.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chow, Clara K; Patel, Anushka A

    2012-03-01

    Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death among adult women in many parts of India and a major cause of morbidity. In some parts of the world, gender inequities have been observed in cardiovascular healthcare and cardiovascular outcomes. The authors discuss the data for potential disparities in cardiovascular healthcare for women in India. Data on cardiovascular healthcare provision and CVD outcomes among women in India are generally lacking. The little available data suggest that women in rural areas, younger women and girl children with CVD are less likely to receive appropriate management than men, with this disparity most apparent in those of lower socioeconomic status and education. However, there is a particular lack of information about the prevention and management of atherosclerotic heart disease in women from a range of communities that comprise the extremely diverse population of India.

  18. Associação entre marcadores inflamatórios e fatores de risco cardiovascular em mulheres de Kolkata, W.B, Índia Asociación entre marcadores inflamatorios y factores de riesgo cardiovascular en mujeres de Kolkata, W.B, India Association between inflammatory markers and cardiovascular risk factors in women from Kolkata, W.B, India

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Debdutta Ganguli

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: Recentes pesquisas tem se concentrado no uso de biomarcadores inflamatórios na previsão de risco cardiovascular. Entretanto, a informação é escassa em relação à associação entre esses marcadores inflamatórios com outros fatores de risco cardiovasculares em indianos asiáticos, particularmente em mulheres. OBJETIVO: Explorar a associação entre marcadores inflamatórios tais como proteína C-reativa de alta sensibilidade (PCR-as e contagem de leucócitos (LEU e fatores de risco cardiovascular tais como adiposidade geral e central, pressão arterial, variáveis lipídicas e lipoproteicas e glicemia de jejum. MÉTODOS: Conduzimos uma análise transversal de 100 mulheres com idade entre 35-80 anos. As participantes foram selecionadas através da metodologia de amostragem por cluster, de 12 distritos urbanos selecionadas ao acaso na Corporação Municipal de Kolkata, Índia. RESULTADOS: A PCR-as apresentou uma associação significante com o índice de massa corporal (IMC (p FUNDAMENTO: Recientes investigaciones se han concentrado en el uso de biomarcadores inflamatorios en la previsión de riesgo cardiovascular. Entre tanto, la información es escasa en relación a la asociación entre esos marcadores inflamatorios con otros factores de riesgo cardiovasculares en indios asiáticos, particularmente en mujeres. OBJETIVO: Explorar la asociación entre marcadores inflamatorios tales como proteína C-reactiva de alta sensibilidad (PCR-as y recuento de leucocitos (LEU y factores de riesgo cardiovascular tales como adiposidad general y central, presión arterial, variables lipídicas y lipoproteicas y glucemia de ayuno. MÉTODOS: Condujimos un análisis transversal de 100 mujeres con edad entre 35-80 años. Las participantes fueron seleccionadas a través de la metodología de muestreo por cluster, de 12 distritos urbanos seleccionadas al azar en la Corporación Municipal de Kolkata, India. RESULTADOS: La PCR-as presentó una

  19. Crowdfunding for cardiovascular research.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Krittanawong, Chayakrit; Zhang, HongJu Janet; Aydar, Mehmet; Wang, Zhen; Sun, Tao

    2018-01-01

    The competition for public cardiovascular research grants has recently increased. Independent researchers are facing increasing competition for public research grant support and ultimately may need to seek alternative funding sources. Crowdfunding, a financing method of raising funds online by pooling together small donations from the online community to support a specific initiative, seems to have significant potential. However, the feasibility of crowdfunding for cardiovascular research remains unknown. Here, we performed exploratory data analysis of the feasibility of online crowdfunding in cardiovascular research. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  20. Rehabilitación cardiovascular en la mujer

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    Claudia V. Anchique

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available Resumen: La rehabilitación cardíaca ha demostrado tener un importante impacto en la disminución de la morbilidad y mortalidad en los pacientes con enfermedad cardiovascular que acceden a ella; sin embargo, se ha documentado una subutilización general de la misma, la cual es mayor en las mujeres, secundaria a factores específicos relacionados con las diferencias de género, hecho que favorece el control inadecuado de la enfermedad, la aparición de mayor cantidad de comorbilidades y de discapacidad con costos individuales en salud para las pacientes, y costos sociales irreparables. La participación y adherencia en los programas de rehabilitación cardíaca es menor en las mujeres que en los hombres, mientras que los beneficios y los resultados se evidencian tanto en los hombres como en las mujeres. La rehabilitación cardíaca en las mujeres requiere ajustes en la prescripción del ejercicio, en el planteamiento del logro de las metas, en el tipo de comunicación y en las herramientas educativas como parte de las estrategias que actúan sobre las barreras de acceso, permanencia y cumplimiento del programa por parte de las pacientes. Abstract: Cardiac rehabilitation has proven to have an important impact on diminishing morbidity and mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease who access it. However, it has been shown to be generally underutilized, especially by women, secondary to specific factors related to gender differences. This favors the emergence of a higher incidence of comorbidity and disability, with individual health costs for patients, and irreparable social costs. Participation in, and adherence to, cardiac rehabilitation programs is lower for women than men, while the benefits and results are evident in both men and women. Cardiac rehabilitation in women requires adjustments in exercise prescriptions, the approach to goals, the type of communication, and the educational tools used as part of

  1. Lifestyle in Cardiovascular Disease

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    J.O. Younge (John)

    2015-01-01

    markdownabstract__Abstract__ Globally, the burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is still increasing. However, in recent decades, better treatment modalities have led to less cardiovascular related deaths. After years of research, we now generally accept that lifestyle factors are the most

  2. Cardiovascular Reactivity, Stress, and Physical Activity

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    Chun-Jung eHuang

    2013-11-01

    Full Text Available Psychological stress has been proposed as a major contributor to the progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD. Acute mental stress can activate the sympathetic-adrenal-medullary (SAM axis, eliciting the release of catecholamines (NE and EPI resulting in the elevation of heart rate (HR and blood pressure (BP. Combined stress (psychological and physical can exacerbate these cardiovascular responses, which may partially contribute to the elevated risk of CVD and increased proportionate mortality risks experienced by some occupations (e.g., firefighting and law enforcement. Studies have supported the benefits of physical activity on physiological and psychological health, including the cardiovascular response to acute stress. Aerobically trained individuals exhibit lower sympathetic nervous system (e.g., HR reactivity and enhanced cardiovascular efficiency (e.g., lower vascular reactivity and decreased recovery time in response to physical and/or psychological stress. In addition, resistance training has been demonstrated to attenuate cardiovascular responses and improve mental health. This review will examine stress-induced cardiovascular reactivity and plausible explanations for how exercise training and physical fitness (aerobic and resistance exercise can attenuate cardiovascular responses to stress. This enhanced functionality may facilitate a reduction in the incidence of stroke and myocardial infarction. Finally, this review will also address the interaction of obesity and physical activity on cardiovascular reactivity and CVD.

  3. Precision Medicine in Cardiovascular Diseases

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    Yan Liu

    2017-02-01

    Full Text Available Since President Obama announced the Precision Medicine Initiative in the United States, more and more attention has been paid to precision medicine. However, clinicians have already used it to treat conditions such as cancer. Many cardiovascular diseases have a familial presentation, and genetic variants are associated with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, which are the basis for providing precise care to patients with cardiovascular diseases. Large-scale cohorts and multiomics are critical components of precision medicine. Here we summarize the application of precision medicine to cardiovascular diseases based on cohort and omic studies, and hope to elicit discussion about future health care.

  4. Association Between Leisure Time Physical Activity, Cardiopulmonary Fitness, Cardiovascular Risk Factors, and Cardiovascular Workload at Work in Firefighters.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yu, Clare C W; Au, Chun T; Lee, Frank Y F; So, Raymond C H; Wong, John P S; Mak, Gary Y K; Chien, Eric P; McManus, Alison M

    2015-09-01

    Overweight, obesity, and cardiovascular disease risk factors are prevalent among firefighters in some developed countries. It is unclear whether physical activity and cardiopulmonary fitness reduce cardiovascular disease risk and the cardiovascular workload at work in firefighters. The present study investigated the relationship between leisure-time physical activity, cardiopulmonary fitness, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and cardiovascular workload at work in firefighters in Hong Kong. Male firefighters (n = 387) were randomly selected from serving firefighters in Hong Kong (n = 5,370) for the assessment of cardiovascular disease risk factors (obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, smoking, known cardiovascular diseases). One-third (Target Group) were randomly selected for the assessment of off-duty leisure-time physical activity using the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Maximal oxygen uptake was assessed, as well as cardiovascular workload using heart rate monitoring for each firefighter for four "normal" 24-hour working shifts and during real-situation simulated scenarios. Overall, 33.9% of the firefighters had at least two cardiovascular disease risk factors. In the Target Group, firefighters who had higher leisure-time physical activity had a lower resting heart rate and a lower average working heart rate, and spent a smaller proportion of time working at a moderate-intensity cardiovascular workload. Firefighters who had moderate aerobic fitness and high leisure-time physical activity had a lower peak working heart rate during the mountain rescue scenario compared with firefighters who had low leisure-time physical activities. Leisure-time physical activity conferred significant benefits during job tasks of moderate cardiovascular workload in firefighters in Hong Kong.

  5. Tula hantavirus isolate with the full-length ORF for nonstructural protein NSs survives for more consequent passages in interferon-competent cells than the isolate having truncated NSs ORF.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jääskeläinen, Kirsi M; Plyusnina, Angelina; Lundkvist, Ake; Vaheri, Antti; Plyusnin, Alexander

    2008-01-11

    The competitiveness of two Tula hantavirus (TULV) isolates, TULV/Lodz and TULV/Moravia, was evaluated in interferon (IFN) -competent and IFN-deficient cells. The two isolates differ in the length of the open reading frame (ORF) encoding the nonstructural protein NSs, which has previously been shown to inhibit IFN response in infected cells. In IFN-deficient Vero E6 cells both TULV isolates survived equally well. In contrast, in IFN-competent MRC5 cells TULV/Lodz isolate, that possesses the NSs ORF for the full-length protein of 90 aa, survived for more consequent passages than TULV/Moravia isolate, which contains the ORF for truncated NSs protein (66-67 aa). Our data show that expression of a full-length NSs protein is beneficial for the virus survival and competitiveness in IFN-competent cells and not essential in IFN-deficient cells. These results suggest that the N-terminal aa residues are important for the full activity of the NSs protein.

  6. Infarto agudo de miocardio inducido por heroína

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Beatriz Wills

    2014-09-01

    Full Text Available El uso mundial de drogas recreativas ha alcanzado proporciones preocupantes, al punto de amenazar la estabilidad socioeconómica de los países. Se estima que en los países desarrollados una de cada 4 personas ha utilizado drogas recreativas en algún momento de su vida. Por tanto, es frecuente que los médicos se enfrenten a cuadros de intoxicación secundaria al abuso de estas drogas. Además de sus efectos en el sistema nervioso central, también producen cambios significativos a nivel cardiovascular, responsables de una cantidad no despreciable de morbimortalidad relacionada con estas. En este artículo se expone un caso de infarto agudo de miocardio secundario al consumo de heroína, se revisan los efectos sistémicos de esta droga y se examinan el manejo y los mecanismos estudiados que explican esta relación.

  7. Influenza vaccines for preventing cardiovascular disease.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Clar, Christine; Oseni, Zainab; Flowers, Nadine; Keshtkar-Jahromi, Maryam; Rees, Karen

    2015-05-05

    This is an update of the original review published in 2008. The risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes is increased with influenza-like infection, and vaccination against influenza may improve cardiovascular outcomes. To assess the potential benefits of influenza vaccination for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. We searched the following electronic databases on 18 October 2013: The Cochrane Library (including Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (DARE), Economic Evaluation Database (EED) and Health Technology Assessment database (HTA)), MEDLINE, EMBASE, Science Citation Index Expanded, Conference Proceedings Citation Index - Science and ongoing trials registers (www.controlled-trials.com/ and www.clinicaltrials.gov). We examined reference lists of relevant primary studies and systematic reviews. We performed a limited PubMed search on 20 February 2015, just before publication. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of influenza vaccination compared with placebo or no treatment in participants with or without cardiovascular disease, assessing cardiovascular death or non-fatal cardiovascular events. We used standard methodological procedures as expected by The Cochrane Collaboration. We carried out meta-analyses only for cardiovascular death, as other outcomes were reported too infrequently. We expressed effect sizes as risk ratios (RRs), and we used random-effects models. We included eight trials of influenza vaccination compared with placebo or no vaccination, with 12,029 participants receiving at least one vaccination or control treatment. We included six new studies (n = 11,251), in addition to the two included in the previous version of the review. Four of these trials (n = 10,347) focused on prevention of influenza in the general or elderly population and reported cardiovascular outcomes among their safety analyses; four trials (n = 1682) focused on prevention of

  8. Prevalencia del síndrome metabólico en pobladores peruanos por debajo de 1 000 y por encima de los 3 000 msnm

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jaime Pajuelo

    2012-04-01

    Full Text Available Objetivos: Determinar y comparar la prevalencia del síndrome metabólico y de sus diferentes componentes en población adulta peruana que habita por debajo de 1 000 y por encima de 3 000 msnm. Diseño: Análisis de los datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Indicadores Nutricionales, Bioquímicos, Socioeconómicos y Culturales Relacionados a las Enfermedades Crónicas Degenerativas 2006. Institución: Instituto Nacional de Salud Centro Nacional de Alimentación y Nutrición, Ministerio de Salud, Lima, Perú. Participantes: Personas mayores de 20 años. Métodos: Se incluyó 3 384 personas mayores de 20 años, 2 425 que habitaban por debajo de 1 000 (nivel-I y 959 por encima de los 3 000 msnm (nivel-II. El síndrome metabólico fue definido de acuerdo a los criterios del National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III. Principales medidas de resultados: Prevalencia del síndrome metabólico y sus componentes. Resultados: La prevalencia de síndrome metabólico fue significativamente mayor en el nivel-I (19,7% que en el nivel-II (10,2%, p<0,001. En varones, la prevalencia fue 9,2% en el nivel-I y 5,1% en el nivel-II. En mujeres fue 29,9% en el nivel-I comparado con 15,2% en el nivel-II. La obesidad central (35,5% vs. 21,1%, elevación de presión arterial (20,9% vs. 15,0%, hiperglicemia (3,9% vs. 1,7%, hipertrigliceridemia (31,3% vs. 25,7% y concentraciones bajas de HDLc (57,4% vs. 52,5% fueron significativamente más prevalentes en el nivel-I comparado con el nivel-II (p<0,05. Los componentes del síndrome metabólico más frecuentes en los varones fueron la hipertrigliceridemia y el HDLc bajo, mientras que en las mujeres fueron la obesidad central y el HDLc disminuido. Conclusiones: El síndrome metabólico fue significativamente más prevalente en la población por debajo de los 1 000 msnm; esto podría ser resultado de la transición nutricional, demográfica y socioeconómica en esta área. Las mujeres fueron m

  9. Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeons’ Perception of the Concentration of Cardiovascular Operations in Seoul Metropolitan Area’s Hospitals

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    Hyo Seon Jeong

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available Background: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the concentration of cardiovascular surgical procedures in a metropolitan area and investigate the perception of specialists regarding governmental policies to resolve this imbalance. Methods: From March to May 2015, surveys were distributed to members of the Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Association. The final pool of research subjects consisted of 75 respondents. Subjects were queried regarding the concentration of cardiovascular operations in metropolitan areas, alternatives to the imbalance, and governmental policies to resolve the inequalities. Results: Survey participants responded that South Korea needs governmental policies to alleviate the concentration of cardiovascular surgery patients in large metropolitan hospitals. Participants agreed that the freedom to choose medical institutions and improved accessibility to metropolitan hospitals due to advanced transportation systems were some of the causes for the concentration. A majority (98.7% of respondents thought establishing thoracic and cardiovascular surgery centers in provinces was an appropriate solution to alleviate the concentration. Thoracic and cardiovascular surgery specialists were ranked as the number one group on which to focus development. Conclusion: Developing and carrying out policies to establish thoracic and cardiovascular surgery centers in provinces will alleviate the regional imbalance in available heart surgery services and an overall improvement in cardiovascular disease treatment in South Korea.

  10. Cardiovascular involvement in myositis

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Diederichsen, Louise P

    2017-01-01

    PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this review is to provide an update on cardiovascular involvement in idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM). Studies from the past 18 months are identified and reviewed. Finally, the clinical impact of these findings is discussed. RECENT FINDINGS: Epidemiological...... on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging suggests that CMR should be considered as a potentially viable diagnostic tool to evaluate the possibility of silent myocardial inflammation in IIM with normal routine noninvasive evaluation. SUMMARY: Updated literature on cardiovascular involvement in IIM has...... identified an increased risk for subclinical and clinical cardiovascular disease in these rare inflammatory muscle diseases....

  11. Cardiovascular complications of cirrhosis

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Møller, S; Henriksen, Jens Henrik Sahl

    2008-01-01

    Cardiovascular complications of cirrhosis include cardiac dysfunction and abnormalities in the central, splanchnic and peripheral circulation, and haemodynamic changes caused by humoral and nervous dysregulation. Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy implies systolic and diastolic dysfunction and electrophysi......Cardiovascular complications of cirrhosis include cardiac dysfunction and abnormalities in the central, splanchnic and peripheral circulation, and haemodynamic changes caused by humoral and nervous dysregulation. Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy implies systolic and diastolic dysfunction....... The clinical significance of cardiovascular complications and cirrhotic cardiomyopathy is an important topic for future research, and the initiation of new randomised studies of potential treatments for these complications is needed....

  12. Portable exhauster POR-007/Skid E and POR-008/Skid F storage plan

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Nelson, O.D.

    1998-01-01

    This document provides storage requirements for 1,000 CFM portable exhausters POR-O07/Skid E and POR-008/Skid F. These requirements are presented in three parts: preparation for storage, storage maintenance and testing, and retrieval from storage. The exhauster component identification numbers listed in this document contain the prefix POR-007 or POR-008 depending on which exhauster is being used

  13. Factores de riesgo cardiovascular según la etapa de cambio conductual en personal de enfermería

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Perla María Trejo Ortíz

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available Introducción: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares son la principal causa de muerte en todo el mundo y son las causantes de discapacidad y gastos excesivos para su prevención y control. En México poco más de 87 mil personas han fallecido a causa de alguna enfermedad del corazón. Por lo anterior es importante comparar la prevalencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular según la etapa de cambio conductual en que se encuentra el personal de enfermería, pues son el principal contacto de promoción de salud entre la población y por tanto quienes deben predicar con el ejemplo para lograr una educación primaria efectiva. Materiales y Métodos:El estudio fue descriptivo y comparativo, en una muestra aleatoria de 150 enfermeros(as del Hospital General en Fresnillo, Zacatecas, México. Se utilizó el instrumento VICORSAT y la Escala de evaluación del cambio de la universidad de Rho de Island. Se tomó peso, talla, presión arterial y circunferencia de cintura. Resultados: La edad promedio fue de 35.9 años (DE = 7.1, el 63.3% de los participantes era sedentario, el 22.7% fumaba, una minoría mencionó consumir diariamente refresco o comida rápida (18% y 8% respectivamente, 64.7% cursaba con sobrepeso u obesidad, el 39.3% tenía un alto riesgo para desarrollar enfermedad cardiovascular de acuerdo con el perímetro de la cintura, un 46% de los participantes tenía antecedentes familiares de diabetes y 52% de hipertensión. Únicamente el perímetro de la cintura mostró diferencias significativas según la etapa de cambio conductual, siendo aquellos que tenían una circunferencia menor los que se encontraron en etapa de mantenimiento (p <.05.Discusión y Conclusiones: La prevalencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular modificables es alta entre el personal de enfermería. Resulta necesario que el personal identifique la presencia de factores de riesgo y que además esté dispuesto a generar cambios tendientes a

  14. Impacto de la enfermedad cardiovascular en los costos de hospitalización de pacientes con artritis reumatoidea.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ricardo Pineda-Tamayo

    2004-12-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar las causas y los costos directos de hospitalización de pacientes con artritis reumatoidea, establecer la morbilidad asociada y evaluar su impacto sobre los costos de la hospitalización. Para tal fin, se revisaron las historias clínicas y los registros del Departamento de Estadística y Contabilidad de todos los pacientes con artritis reumatoidea admitidos a la Clínica Universitaria Bolivariana en Medellín, en el periodo comprendido entre enero de 1999 y junio de 2003. Se hospitalizaron 41 pacientes en 62 oportunidades (0,34 hospitalizaciones por paciente por año. La principal causa de hospitalización fue la actividad de la enfermedad (60%, seguida de cirugía (18% e infección (10%. En 30 casos hospitalizados (48,4% se observó, al menos, una morbilidad asociada; la más frecuente fue la enfermedad cardiovascular (32%. El promedio de estancia fue de 5±6 días. El promedio de los costos totales fue de US$1.277, y el costo promedio del día de hospitalización fue de US$235. Los medicamentos representaron el 54% de los costos totales, mientras que los de asistencia médica representaron apenas el 3%. La enfermedad cardiovascular fue el determinante más importante de altos costos de hospitalización (p

  15. Autoconsumo de hierbas medicinales en usuarios con enfermedades cardio-vasculares en una comuna de Chile

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lizet Veliz-Rojas

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Caracterizar el autoconsumo de hierbas medicinales en usuarios con enfermedades cardiovasculares. Metodología: Estudio de tipo cuantitativo y transversal, con una muestra de 257 personas. Los instrumentos recolectores de datos fueron un cuestionario y la revisión de la ficha clínica. Se utilizó un análisis descriptivo univariante apoyado en SPSS. Resultados: El 80,80% de los encuestados usó hierbas medicinales, y el 72,76% señaló no informar esta práctica al equipo de salud. Las hierbas medicinales más utilizadas para el control de la enfermedad cardiovascular fueron: el limón (20,6% para bajar la presión arterial, la pata de vaca (7% para reducir la glicemia y la alcachofa (3,5% para controlar el colesterol. Conclusiones: La mayoría de los participantes recurrieron a las hierbas medicinales, pese a ser una práctica de autocuidado prevalente, no es informada al equipo de salud. Algunas hierbas utilizadas por la muestra para controlar la enfermedad cardiovascular, están descritas sus usos para otras causas. Esta situación podría reflejar el desconocimiento sobre su utilización. Se sugiere el desarrollo de estrategias para el adecuado uso de las hierbas medicinales en atención primaria, enfocado en la integralidad en salud.

  16. Docentes de pós-graduação: grupo de risco de doenças cardiovasculares = Teachers of post-graduate degree: risk group of cardiovascular disease

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Otacílio Antunes Santana

    2011-07-01

    Full Text Available Os docentes de pós-graduação apresentaram aumento nos pedidos de licenças médicas, principalmente por sintomas ou sequelas de doenças cardiovasculares. Com isso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi, por meio de um questionário direcionado a professores de pós-graduação, quantificar entre eles quantos realizavam atividades físicas frequentes, dietas balanceadas e visitas médicas, e outros fatores, e comparar isso com: i a ocorrência de intervenções cardíacas, doenças coronarianas e acidentes vasculares cerebrais; ii o número de produção científica e o número de orientando médio por ano. Foram respondidos e analisados 540 questionários. A hipótese deste trabalho foi aceita, ou seja, quanto maiores o número de produção científica e o número de orientandos em média por ano, maiores foram as ocorrências médias de intervenções cardíacas, doenças coronarianas e os acidentes vasculares cerebrais (hemorrágico e isquêmico em docentes de pós-graduação, principalmente, pela falta de dieta equilibrada e balanceada, de atividades físicas supervisionadas regularmente, e visitas médicas frequentes, justificados pela excessiva carga horária fora do expediente, para se manter os indicadores de qualidade dos cursos de pós-graduação e de seus currículos atualizados.Teachers of post-graduate programs presented an increase in requests for sick leaves, mainly by symptoms or sequela of cardiovascular diseases. By using a questionnaire addressed to teachers of post-graduate courses, this study aimed to: i identify how many of them had performed frequent physical exercise, balanced diets and medical visits, and other factors, and compare this: i with the occurrence of cardiac interventions, coronary heart diseases, strokes and cerebral vascular accident; and ii with the number of scientific production and the average number of advisees per year. 540 questionnaires were returned and analyzed. Our working hypothesis was accepted

  17. Estimating Hantavirus Risk in Southern Argentina: A GIS-Based Approach Combining Human Cases and Host Distribution

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Veronica Andreo

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available We use a Species Distribution Modeling (SDM approach along with Geographic Information Systems (GIS techniques to examine the potential distribution of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS caused by Andes virus (ANDV in southern Argentina and, more precisely, define and estimate the area with the highest infection probability for humans, through the combination with the distribution map for the competent rodent host (Oligoryzomys longicaudatus. Sites with confirmed cases of HPS in the period 1995–2009 were mostly concentrated in a narrow strip (~90 km × 900 km along the Andes range from northern Neuquén to central Chubut province. This area is characterized by high mean annual precipitation (~1,000 mm on average, but dry summers (less than 100 mm, very low percentages of bare soil (~10% on average and low temperatures in the coldest month (minimum average temperature −1.5 °C, as compared to the HPS-free areas, features that coincide with sub-Antarctic forests and shrublands (especially those dominated by the invasive plant Rosa rubiginosa, where rodent host abundances and ANDV prevalences are known to be the highest. Through the combination of predictive distribution maps of the reservoir host and disease cases, we found that the area with the highest probability for HPS to occur overlaps only 28% with the most suitable habitat for O. longicaudatus. With this approach, we made a step forward in the understanding of the risk factors that need to be considered in the forecasting and mapping of risk at the regional/national scale. We propose the implementation and use of thematic maps, such as the one built here, as a basic tool allowing public health authorities to focus surveillance efforts and normally scarce resources for prevention and control actions in vast areas like southern Argentina.

  18. Estimating Hantavirus Risk in Southern Argentina: A GIS-Based Approach Combining Human Cases and Host Distribution

    Science.gov (United States)

    Andreo, Veronica; Neteler, Markus; Rocchini, Duccio; Provensal, Cecilia; Levis, Silvana; Porcasi, Ximena; Rizzoli, Annapaola; Lanfri, Mario; Scavuzzo, Marcelo; Pini, Noemi; Enria, Delia; Polop, Jaime

    2014-01-01

    We use a Species Distribution Modeling (SDM) approach along with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) techniques to examine the potential distribution of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) caused by Andes virus (ANDV) in southern Argentina and, more precisely, define and estimate the area with the highest infection probability for humans, through the combination with the distribution map for the competent rodent host (Oligoryzomys longicaudatus). Sites with confirmed cases of HPS in the period 1995–2009 were mostly concentrated in a narrow strip (~90 km × 900 km) along the Andes range from northern Neuquén to central Chubut province. This area is characterized by high mean annual precipitation (~1,000 mm on average), but dry summers (less than 100 mm), very low percentages of bare soil (~10% on average) and low temperatures in the coldest month (minimum average temperature −1.5 °C), as compared to the HPS-free areas, features that coincide with sub-Antarctic forests and shrublands (especially those dominated by the invasive plant Rosa rubiginosa), where rodent host abundances and ANDV prevalences are known to be the highest. Through the combination of predictive distribution maps of the reservoir host and disease cases, we found that the area with the highest probability for HPS to occur overlaps only 28% with the most suitable habitat for O. longicaudatus. With this approach, we made a step forward in the understanding of the risk factors that need to be considered in the forecasting and mapping of risk at the regional/national scale. We propose the implementation and use of thematic maps, such as the one built here, as a basic tool allowing public health authorities to focus surveillance efforts and normally scarce resources for prevention and control actions in vast areas like southern Argentina. PMID:24424500

  19. Cardiovascular nuclear medicine and MRI

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Reiber, J.H.C.; Wall, E.E. van der

    1992-01-01

    This book is based on a meeting of the Working Group on Nuclear Cardiology, which held March 22-23,1991 under the auspices of the European Society of Cardiology and the Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, and on the Second International Symposium on Computer Applications in Nuclear Medicine and Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging, which was held March 20-22,1991 in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. It covers almost every aspect of quantitative cardio-vascular nuclear medicine and magnetic resonance imaging. The main topics are: single photon emission computed tomography (technical aspects); new development in cardiovascular nuclear medicine; advances in cardiovascular imaging; cardiovascular clinical applications; and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. (A.S.). refs.; figs.; tabs

  20. Cardiovascular investigations of airline pilots with excessive cardiovascular risk.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wirawan, I Made Ady; Aldington, Sarah; Griffiths, Robin F; Ellis, Chris J; Larsen, Peter D

    2013-06-01

    This study examined the prevalence of airline pilots who have an excessive cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk score according to the New Zealand Guideline Group (NZGG) Framingham-based Risk Chart and describes their cardiovascular risk assessment and investigations. A cross-sectional study was performed among 856 pilots employed in an Oceania based airline. Pilots with elevated CVD risk that had been previously evaluated at various times over the previous 19 yr were reviewed retrospectively from the airline's medical records, and the subsequent cardiovascular investigations were then described. There were 30 (3.5%) pilots who were found to have 5-yr CVD risk score of 10-15% or higher. Of the 29 pilots who had complete cardiac investigations data, 26 pilots underwent exercise electrocardiography (ECG), 2 pilots progressed directly to coronary angiograms and 1 pilot with abnormal echocardiogram was not examined further. Of the 26 pilots, 7 had positive or borderline exercise tests, all of whom subsequently had angiograms. One patient with a negative exercise test also had a coronary angiogram. Of the 9 patients who had coronary angiograms as a consequence of screening, 5 had significant disease that required treatment and 4 had either trivial disease or normal coronary arteries. The current approach to investigate excessive cardiovascular risk in pilots relies heavily on exercise electrocardiograms as a diagnostic test, and may not be optimal either to detect disease or to protect pilots from unnecessary invasive procedures. A more comprehensive and accurate cardiac investigation algorithm to assess excessive CVD risk in pilots is required.

  1. Increased susceptibility to cardiovascular effects of dihydrocapcaicin in resuscitated rats. Cardiovascular effects of dihydrocapsaicin

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Fosgerau, Keld; Ristagno, Giuseppe; Jayatissa, Magdalena Niepsuj

    2010-01-01

    Survivors of a cardiac arrest often have persistent cardiovascular derangements following cardiopulmonary resuscitation including decreased cardiac output, arrhythmias and morphological myocardial damage. These cardiovascular derangements may lead to an increased susceptibility towards the extern...

  2. 21 CFR 870.3375 - Cardiovascular intravascular filter.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Cardiovascular intravascular filter. 870.3375... Cardiovascular intravascular filter. (a) Identification. A cardiovascular intravascular filter is an implant that... and Revision of 2/12/90 (K90-1)” and (ii) “Guidance for Cardiovascular Intravascular Filter 510(k...

  3. National differences in screening programmes for cardiovascular risks could obstruct understanding of cardiovascular prevention studies in Europe

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Thio, S. L.; Twickler, Th B.; Cramer, M. J.; Giral, P.

    2011-01-01

    In North-West Europe, cardiovascular disease is still a major cause of death and despite several efforts (e.g. European guidelines and conferences) cardiovascular risk factors are still inconsistently diagnosed and treated. We evaluated the first consultations of patients in two cardiovascular

  4. Control de la colesterolemia en España, 2000 un instrumento para la prevención cardiovascular

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    2000-01-01

    Full Text Available El documento "Control de la Colesterolemia en España, 2000. Un instrumento para la Prevención Cardiovascular" revisa la evidencia existente en el campo de la prevención cardiovascular y los avances terapéuticos producidos en los últimos años, con el objetivo de ayudar a tomar decisiones clínicas basadas en el riesgo cardiovascular. Las enfermedades del aparato circulatorio son la primera causa de muerte en España, originando casi el 40% de todas las defunciones. En los últimos años se ha producido un descenso de las tasas ajustadas de mortalidad por enfermedades del aparato circulatorio, pero el número de muertes por cardiopatía isquémica está aumentando debido fundamentalmente al envejecimiento de la población. La menor mortalidad por cardiopatía isquémica unido al aumento de la incidencia de dicha enfermedad ha condicionado que actualmente sea la primera causa de consulta hospitalaria. El impacto demográfico, sanitario y social de estas enfermedades está aumentando y va a continuar haciéndolo en las próximas décadas. El adecuado tratamiento de la hipercolesterolemia y del resto de los factores de riesgo es fundamental para prevenir las enfermedades cardiovasculares. Las acciones concretas a realizar dependen del riesgo de enfermar. La estratificación del riesgo de las personas es esencial, por cuanto condiciona la periodicidad del seguimiento y la intensidad del tratamiento. Basándose en dicha estratificación se han establecido unas prioridades de control de la colesterolemia y del riesgo cardiovascular derivado de la misma. Los grupos de intervención ordenados de mayor a menor prioridad son los siguientes: 1.- Prevención Secundaria: Pacientes con enfermedad coronaria establecida u otras enfermedades ateroscleróticas. 2.- Prevención Primaria: Personas sanas, pero con riesgo alto de desarrollar enfermedad coronaria u otra enfermedad aterosclerótica, porque presentan una combinación de factores de riesgo- entre

  5. Influenza vaccines for preventing cardiovascular disease

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Christine Clar

    Full Text Available ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: This is an update of the original review published in 2008. The risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes is increased with influenza-like infection, and vaccination against influenza may improve cardiovascular outcomes.OBJECTIVES: To assess the potential benefits of influenza vaccination for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.METHODS:Search methods:We searched the following electronic databases on 18 October 2013: The Cochrane Library (including Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (DARE, Economic Evaluation Database (EED and Health Technology Assessment database (HTA, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Science Citation Index Expanded, Conference Proceedings Citation Index - Science and ongoing trials registers (www.controlled-trials.com/ and www.clinicaltrials.gov. We examined reference lists of relevant primary studies and systematic reviews. We performed a limited PubMed search on 20 February 2015, just before publication.Selection criteria:Randomised controlled trials (RCTs of influenza vaccination compared with placebo or no treatment in participants with or without cardiovascular disease, assessing cardiovascular death or non-fatal cardiovascular events.Data collection and analysis:We used standard methodological procedures as expected by The Cochrane Collaboration. We carried out meta-analyses only for cardiovascular death, as other outcomes were reported too infrequently. We expressed effect sizes as risk ratios (RRs, and we used random-effects models.MAIN RESULTS: We included eight trials of influenza vaccination compared with placebo or no vaccination, with 12,029 participants receiving at least one vaccination or control treatment. We included six new studies (n = 11,251, in addition to the two included in the previous version of the review. Four of these trials (n = 10,347 focused on prevention of influenza in the general or elderly population

  6. Gender bias in cardiovascular advertisements.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ahmed, Sofia B; Grace, Sherry L; Stelfox, Henry Thomas; Tomlinson, George; Cheung, Angela M

    2004-11-01

    Women with cardiovascular disease are treated less aggressively than men. The reasons for this disparity are unclear. Pharmaceutical advertisements may influence physician practices and patient care. To determine if female and male patients are equally likely to be featured in cardiovascular advertisements. We examined all cardiovascular advertisements from US editions of general medical and cardiovascular journals published between 1 January 1996 and 30 June 1998. For each unique advertisement, we recorded the total number of journal appearances and the number of appearances in journals' premium positions. We noted the gender, age, race and role of both the primary figure and the majority of people featured in the advertisement. Nine hundred and nineteen unique cardiovascular advertisements were identified of which 254 depicted a patient as the primary figure. A total of 20%[95% confidence interval (CI) 15.3-25.5%] of these advertisements portrayed a female patient, while 80% (95% CI 74.5-84.7%) depicted a male patient, P advertisements appeared 249 times (13.3%; 95% CI 8.6-18.9%) while male patient advertisements appeared 1618 times (86.7%; 95% CI 81.1-91.4%), P advertisements also had significantly fewer mean appearances than male patient advertisements in journals' premium positions (0.82 vs. 1.99, P=0.02). Similar results were seen when the advertisements were analysed according to predominant gender. Despite increasing emphasis on cardiovascular disease in women, significant under-representation of female patients exists in cardiovascular advertisements. Physicians should be cognizant of this gender bias.

  7. Relação do sistema renina angiotensina aldosterona com as respostas cardiovasculares ao exercício

    OpenAIRE

    Karla Fabiana Goessler

    2015-01-01

    O exercício físico, seja de forma aguda ou de forma crônica, pode ocasionar modificações cardiovasculares. Tais modificações podem ter relações com o sistema renina angiotensina aldosterona (SRAA) e o entendimento sobre esse tema ainda necessita de maiores investigações. Dessa forma, os objetivos do presente trabalho foram: 1) verificar por meio de uma revisão sistemática da literatura a influência dos componentes e dos polimorfismos do SRAA, nas alterações da pressão arterial (PA) promovidas...

  8. Validez del cuestionario cardiovascular MONICA comparado con la historia clínica Validity of the MONICA cardiovascular questionnaire compared with clinical records

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José M. Baena-Díez

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Estudiar la validez del cuestionario cardiovascular Multinational Monitoring of Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Disease (MONICA comparado con la historia clínica. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, prospectivo, multicéntrico, realizado en 3.329 personas >50 años de edad (estudio ARTPER [arteriografía periférica]. La muestra se seleccionó por muestreo aleatorio simple en 32 centros de salud de atención primaria. Los diagnósticos considerados fueron: infarto agudo de miocardio, ángor, enfermedad vascular cerebral, hipertensión arterial, diabetes mellitus e hipercolesterolemia. Se estudió además el tratamiento con antihipertensivos, hipolipemiantes o insulina, hipoglucemiantes y antiagregantes o anticoagulantes. La validez entre cuestionario y registro en la historia clínica se estudió con la sensibilidad, la especificidad, los valores predictivos y el índice kappa. Resultados: La edad media fue de 65 años (desviación estándar: 8,9, y el 54,8% eran mujeres. La sensibilidad del cuestionario fue >90% en todas las variables, excepto en el ángor (89,9% y la enfermedad vascular cerebral (86,5%. La especificidad también fue >90%, excepto en el ángor (88,3% y la hipercolesterolemia (77,5%. El valor predictivo positivo fue >90% en todos los tratamientos farmacológicos; >80% en el ángor, el infarto agudo de miocardio y la hipertensión arterial; 79,4% en la enfermedad vascular cerebral; 79,1% en la hipercolesterolemia, y 73,4% en la diabetes mellitus. Los valores predictivos negativos fueron >90% en todos los casos. Los índices kappa fueron >0,80 en todas las variables, excepto en la hipercolesterolemia (0,69 y la diabetes mellitus (0,79. Conclusiones: El cuestionario cardiovascular MONICA es un método válido para encuestar a las personas >50 años sobre sus enfermedades, factores de riesgo y tratamientos cardiovasculares.Objective: To assess the validity of the questionnaire Multinational Monitoring of Trends and

  9. Desarrollo de un método analítico para la determinación de selenio en huevos fortificados de gallinas (Isa Brown) por espectroscopia de absorción atómica con generación de hidruros

    OpenAIRE

    Gutiérrez Peña, Luís Vicente; Carrero, Pablo E; Delgado C, Yelitza J; Picón, David; Paz, Luis A; Vielma, José R; Quintero, Arlenis Y; Gutiérrez, Ever O; Gutiérrez, Iserslis A

    2014-01-01

    El huevo es una fuente proteica de uso masivo, en consideración a su bajo costo, es consumido con mayor frecuencia por toda la población. Por esta razón, es de gran interés introducir al mercado un tipo de huevo "saludable", que disminuya los riesgos ligados a enfermedades cardiovasculares y que actúe como antioxidante. Por ello, se evaluó la incorporación del Selenio Orgánico (Sel-Plex®, Alltech Inc) en el programa de alimentación de gallinas ponedoras comerciales raza isa brown con el objet...

  10. Alteraciones electrocardiográficas y factores de riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes con diabetes tipo 2 Electrocardiographic abnormalities and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Martha Rodríguez-Morán

    1999-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo. Determinar cuáles son las alteraciones del ritmo y la conducción cardiaca más frecuentes en pacientes con diabetes tipo 2 sin cardiopatía previa y establecer su asociación con los factores de riesgo cardiovascular. Material y métodos. Se incluyeron pacientes con diabetes tipo 2 sin presencia o antecedentes de cardiopatía. Se determinaron los factores de riesgo cardiovascular, el índice de masa corporal y los niveles séricos de glucosa, colesterol y triglicéridos. Se registró electrocardiograma convencional en reposo. La asociación de las variables en estudio con la ocurrencia de arritmias se calculó con un modelo de análisis multivariado ajustado por sexo. Resultados. Se integraron 199 pacientes: 113 mujeres (56.8% y 86 hombres (43.2%, y se identificó algún tipo de alteración electrocardiográfica en 29.1% de los sujetos. El hemibloqueo fascicular anterior (HFA y el bloqueo completo de rama derecha del Haz de His (BRDHH, constituyeron 75.9% de las alteraciones identificadas. Los pacientes con trastornos del ritmo y la conducción tienen niveles más elevados de colesterol y triglicéridos. La aparición de arritmias se relaciona directamente con el incremento de la edad (r= 0.75, p= 0.01. En el análisis multivariado ajustado por sexo la hipercolesterolemia y la edad se asociaron significativamente con las alteraciones del ritmo y la conducción: RM 1.5, IC95% 1.1-4.6, pObjective. To determine the most frequent alterations in rhythm and cardiac conduction in patients with type 2 diabetes without previous cardiopathy, and to establish the association of this disease with cardiovascular risk factors. Material and methods. Subjects with type 2 diabetes, without cardiopathy antecedents were included in the study. Cardiovascular risk factors, body mass index and serum glucose, cholesterol and trygliceride levels were determined. A resting electrocardiogram was recorded. The association between the variables under study and

  11. Evolução da cirurgia cardiovascular no Instituto do Coração: análise de 71.305 operações Evolución de la cirugía cardiovascular en el Instituto do Coração: análisis de 71.305 operaciones Evolution of cardiovascular surgery at the Instituto do Coração: analysis of 71,305 surgeries

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luiz Augusto F. Lisboa

    2010-02-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: A cirurgia cardiovascular vem passando por transformações em decorrência do avanço das técnicas percutâneas, do tratamento clínico e da prevenção primária. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a incidência e a mortalidade de operações cardiovasculares realizadas no Instituto do Coração (InCor-HCFMUSP. MÉTODOS: A PARtir do banco de dados do Instituto do Coração, foram analisadas as operações cardiovasculares realizadas entre 1984 e 2007, considerando-se a tendência dos principais procedimentos e as taxas de mortalidade. RESULTADOS: Em 24 anos, foram realizadas 71.305 operações cardiovasculares, com uma média anual de 2.971 procedimentos. O número de cirurgias de revascularização miocárdica, que na década de 1980 tinha uma média de 856/ano, atualmente está por volta de 1.106/ano. Os procedimentos das valvas cardíacas passaram de 400 para 597 operações/ano, com um crescimento de 36,7% em relação à década de 1990. As correções das cardiopatias congênitas também tiveram um aumento expressivo de 50,8% em relação à última década. A mortalidade global média, que no início era de 7,5%, atualmente é de 7,0%, sendo de 4,9% entre os procedimentos eletivos. Nas cirurgias de revascularização miocárdica, a mortalidade média atual é de 4,8% e entre as operações valvares é de 8,5%. Nas correções das cardiopatias congênitas corresponde a 5,3%. CONCLUSÃO: A cirurgia cardiovascular continua em ascensão. A revascularização miocárdica ainda é a operação mais realizada. Entretanto, o perfil dos procedimentos vem se alterando com o maior crescimento da abordagem sobre as valvas cardíacas e das cardiopatias congênitas. As taxas de mortalidade são superiores quando comparadas aos índices internacionais, refletindo a alta complexidade apresentada em um serviço terciário e de referência nacional.FUNDAMENTO: La cirugía cardiovascular ha estado pasando por transformaciones como consecuencia del avance de

  12. Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in diabetes

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Spallone, Vincenza; Ziegler, Dan; Freeman, Roy

    2011-01-01

    Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy (CAN) Subcommittee of Toronto Consensus Panel on Diabetic Neuropathy worked to update CAN guidelines, with regard to epidemiology, clinical impact, diagnosis, usefulness of CAN testing, and management. CAN is the impairment of cardiovascular autonomic control...... in type 2 diabetes. CAN is a risk marker of mortality and cardiovascular morbidity, and possibly a progression promoter of diabetic nephropathy. Criteria for CAN diagnosis and staging are: 1. one abnormal cardio-vagal test identifies possible or early CAN; 2. at least two abnormal cardio-vagal tests....... diagnosis of CAN clinical forms, 2. detection and tailored treatment of CAN clinical correlates (e.g. tachycardia, OH, nondipping, QT interval prolongation), 3. risk stratification for diabetic complications and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and 4. modulation of targets of diabetes therapy...

  13. Spanish adaptation of the 2016 European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Royo-Bordonada, M Á; Armario, P; Lobos Bejarano, J M; Pedro-Botet, J; Villar Alvarez, F; Elosua, R; Brotons Cuixart, C; Cortés, O; Serrano, B; Camafort Babkowski, M; Gil Núñez, A; Pérez, A; Maiques, A; de Santiago Nocito, A; Castro, A; Alegría, E; Baeza, C; Herranz, M; Sans, S; Campos, P

    The VI European Guidelines for Cardiovascular Prevention recommend combining population and high-risk strategies with lifestyle changes as a cornerstone of prevention, and propose the SCORE function to quantify cardiovascular risk. The guidelines highlight disease specific interventions, and conditions as women, young people and ethnic minorities. Screening for subclinical atherosclerosis with noninvasive imaging techniques is not recommended. The guidelines distinguish four risk levels (very high, high, moderate and low) with therapeutic objectives for lipid control according to risk. Diabetes mellitus confers a high risk, except for subjects with type 2 diabetes with less than <10 years of evolution, without other risk factors or complications, or type 1 diabetes of short evolution without complications. The decision to start pharmacological treatment of arterial hypertension will depend on the blood pressure level and the cardiovascular risk, taking into account the lesion of target organs. The guidelines don't recommend antiplatelet drugs in primary prevention because of the increased bleeding risk. The low adherence to the medication requires simplified therapeutic regimes and to identify and combat its causes. The guidelines highlight the responsibility of health professionals to take an active role in advocating evidence-based interventions at the population level, and propose effective interventions, at individual and population level, to promote a healthy diet, the practice of physical activity, the cessation of smoking and the protection against alcohol abuse. Copyright © 2017. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U.

  14. [Spanish adaptation of the 2016 European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Royo-Bordonada, Miguel Ángel; Armario, Pedro; Lobos Bejarano, José María; Pedro-Botet, Juan; Villar Álvarez, Fernando; Elosua, Roberto; Brotons Cuixart, Carlos; Cortés, Olga; Serrano, Benilde; Camafort Babkowski, Miguel; Gil Núñez, Antonio; Pérez, Antonio; Maiques, Antonio; de Santiago Nocito, Ana; de Castro, Almudena; Alegría, Eduardo; Baeza, Ciro; Herranz, María; Sans, Susana; Campos, Pilar

    The VI European Guidelines for Cardiovascular Prevention recommend combining population and high-risk strategies with lifestyle changes as a cornerstone of prevention, and propose the SCORE function to quantify cardiovascular risk. The guidelines highlight disease specific interventions, and conditions as women, young people and ethnic minorities. Screening for subclinical atherosclerosis with noninvasive imaging techniques is not recommended. The guidelines distinguish four risk levels (very high, high, moderate and low) with therapeutic objectives for lipid control according to risk. Diabetes mellitus confers a high risk, except for subjects with type 2 diabetes with less than <10 years of evolution, without other risk factors or complications, or type 1 diabetes of short evolution without complications. The decision to start pharmacological treatment of arterial hypertension will depend on the blood pressure level and the cardiovascular risk, taking into account the lesion of target organs. The guidelines don't recommend antiplatelet drugs in primary prevention because of the increased bleeding risk. The low adherence to the medication requires simplified therapeutic regimes and to identify and combat its causes. The guidelines highlight the responsibility of health professionals to take an active role in advocating evidence-based interventions at the population level, and propose effective interventions, at individual and population level, to promote a healthy diet, the practice of physical activity, the cessation of smoking and the protection against alcohol abuse. Copyright © 2017. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U.

  15. Pautas generales para la prescripción de la actividad física en pacientes con enfermedades cardiovasculares General al guidelines for the prescription of exercise in patients with cardiovascular diseases

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan Carlos Aristizábal Rivera

    2003-03-01

    Full Text Available Se hace una revisión sobre las paut ut utas as gener generales ales para la prescripción de la actividad física en pacientes con enfermedades cadiovasculares. Inicialmente se resaltan los beneficios comprobados de la actividad física y se hace una descripción breve sobre la evaluación de la capacidad funcional de un individuo mediante la prueba de esfuerzo, y de los equipos y los diferentes protocolos utilizados para ello. Luego se aborda la clasificación de los individuos y del riesgo que para ellos representan las actividades físicas, según recomendaciones de la Asociación Americana del Corazón y la asociación Neoyorquina del Corazón (AHA y NYHA, por sus siglas en inglés. Posteriormente se incluye la prescripción de las actividades físicas, haciendo énfasis en la intensidad, la duración, la frecuencia y el tipo de ejercicios recomendado. Por último, se hace referencia a la prescripción de las actividades físicas en pacientes con las enfermedades de mayor prevalencia en nuestro medio. This his is a review about the general rules for prescription of physical activity in patients with cardiovascular diseases. The accepted benefits of physical activity are emphasized and a brief description is made concerning the functional capacity of the individual by means of the effort test; also the equipments and protocols used with that aim are described. The classification of individuals and of their risk in physical activities is included, according to recommendations of the American Heart Association and the New York Heart Association. Finally, physical activities are described, with emphasis on intensity, duration, frequency and recommended type of exercise. Prescription of exercise for patients with the most prevalent cardiovascular diseases in Colombia is also included.

  16. Repercussão cardiovascular, com e sem álcool, do carbonato de lodenafila, um novo inibidor da PDE5 Repercusión cardiovascular, con y sin alcohol, del carbonato de lodenafila, un nuevo inhibidor de la PDE5 Cardiovascular repercussion of lodenafil carbonate, a new PDE5 inhibitor, with and without alcohol consumption

    OpenAIRE

    Adauto Carvalho Silva; Odaly Toffoletto; Luiz Antonio Galvão Lucio; Paula Ferreira dos Santos; Jorge Barros Afiune; João Massud Filho; Sergio Tufik

    2010-01-01

    FUNDAMENTO: A disfunção erétil afeta um grande número de homens no mundo e os inibidores de PDE 5 (iPDE5) estão entre os principais métodos de tratamento desses pacientes. O consumo social de álcool e o ato sexual apresentam uma relação considerável. Portanto, a associação entre álcool e iPDE5 pode ocorrer. O carbonato de lodenafila é um novo iPDE5 desenvolvido por uma empresa brasileira. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a repercussão cardiovascular do carbonato de lodenafila, associado ou não ao álcool, as...

  17. Asociación entre enfermedad cardiovascular y anticuerpos contra Chlamydia pneumoniae Association between cardiovascular disease and antibodies against Chlamydia pneumoniae

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Guadalupe de los A García-Elorriaga

    2002-06-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo. Precisar si existe asociación entre enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV y anticuerpos contra Chlamydia en población mexicana. Material y métodos. Estudio transversal, realizado en la Unidad de Investigación en Inmunología e Infectología -Hospital de Infectología del Centro Médico Nacional La Raza (CMNR- y en el Servicio de Cirugía Cardiovascular y Asistencia Circulatoria, del Hospital General del CMNR, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS, de agosto de 1998 a abril de 2000. Se determinaron anticuerpos IgG e IgM contra C. psittaci, C. trachomatis y C. pneumoniae mediante microinmunofluorescencia, en suero de 70 pacientes con ECV hospitalizados en el CMNR, mayores de 30 años, de uno u otro sexo, y se compararon con 140 sanos, pareados por edad y sexo. Se utilizaron muestras aleatorias simples, con un tamaño poblacional de 110, una prevalencia de 50% y un nivel de confianza de 99%. Para establecer la diferencia entre las proporciones de los títulos se utilizó ji cuadrada y se calculó la razón de momios. Resultados. El 94.3% (66/70 de los pacientes presentó IgG en contra de C. pneumoniae vs 37% (52/140 de los individuos sanos (pObjective. To evaluate the association between cardiovascular disease (CVD and antibodies against Chlamydia in Mexican population. Material and Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted from August 1988 to April 2000, at the Immunology and Infectology Research Unit of Hospital de Infectología, Centro Médico Nacional La Raza (CMNR- and at the Cardiovascular Surgery and Circulatory Care, Hospital General CMNR, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS. Study subjects were 70 CVD hospitalized patients, older than 30 years, from both genders. Serum IgG and IgM antibodies against C. psitaccii, C. trachomatis and C. pneumoniae were determined by microimmunofluorescence in study subjects and compared with those from 140 healthy individuals, matched by age and sex. Simple random sampling was used

  18. Efectos cardiovasculares de la cocaína

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ubier Gómez

    2001-04-01

    Full Text Available

    La cocaína es un alcaloide derivado de la planta de coca, la cual es nativa de Sur América. Hay datos arqueológicos de esta planta desde 300 años a. C. en los cuales se encontró la primera prueba del uso de coca en humanos. En este tiempo la coca fue reconocida por su habilidad de producir energía, quitar la fatiga y disminuir el hambre.
    La cocaína es la droga ilícita más usada después de la marihuana. La
    frecuencia es mayor en hombres entre los 18-25 años.
    En los años 70 y 80 con el desarrollo del freebase y el crack se revolucionó el uso de esta droga, proporcionando una forma que podría ser fumada.
    Los síntomas que relatan los pacientes que usan cocaína son principalmente en el sistema cardiovascular; otros son neurológicos,
    pulmonares, gastrointestinales, etc.

     

     

  19. Cardiovascular death and manic-depressive psychosis

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Weeke, A; Juel, K; Vaeth, M

    2013-01-01

    In order to study if tricyclic antidepressant drugs (TCA) in therapeutic doses increase the risk of death due to cardiovascular causes, the relative mortality from cardiovascular diseases was studied in two large groups of first hospitalized manic-depressive patients, one from the TCA era...... to the general population. Among 1133 such cases admitted between 1950 and 1956, the rate was 1.87. Our findings do not support the hypothesis that TCA contribute to the cardiovascular mortality in manic-depressives and even support suggestions that TCA treatment may lower the risk of death by cardiovascular...

  20. The Cardiovascular Research Grid (CVRG)

    Data.gov (United States)

    U.S. Department of Health & Human Services — The CardioVascular Research Grid (CVRG) project is creating an infrastructure for sharing cardiovascular data and data analysis tools. CVRG tools are developed using...

  1. Depressive symptoms, physical inactivity and risk of cardiovascular mortality in older adults: the Cardiovascular Health Study

    Science.gov (United States)

    Win, Sithu; Parakh, Kapil; Eze-Nliam, Chete M; Gottdiener, John S; Kop, Willem J

    2011-01-01

    Background Depressed older individuals have a higher mortality than older persons without depression. Depression is associated with physical inactivity, and low levels of physical activity have been shown in some cohorts to be a partial mediator of the relationship between depression and cardiovascular events and mortality. Methods A cohort of 5888 individuals (mean 72.8±5.6 years, 58% female, 16% African-American) from four US communities was followed for an average of 10.3 years. Self-reported depressive symptoms (10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale) were assessed annually and self-reported physical activity was assessed at baseline and at 3 and 7 years. To estimate how much of the increased risk of cardiovascular mortality associated with depressive symptoms was due to physical inactivity, Cox regression with time-varying covariates was used to determine the percentage change in the log HR of depressive symptoms for cardiovascular mortality after adding physical activity variables. Results At baseline, 20% of participants scored above the cut-off for depressive symptoms. There were 2915 deaths (49.8%), of which 1176 (20.1%) were from cardiovascular causes. Depressive symptoms and physical inactivity each independently increased the risk of cardiovascular mortality and were strongly associated with each other (all pphysical inactivity had greater cardiovascular mortality than those with either individually (pPhysical inactivity reduced the log HR of depressive symptoms for cardiovascular mortality by 26% after adjustment. This was similar for persons with (25%) and without (23%) established coronary heart disease. Conclusions Physical inactivity accounted for a significant proportion of the risk of cardiovascular mortality due to depressive symptoms in older adults, regardless of coronary heart disease status. PMID:21339320

  2. DESAJUSTE EDUCATIVO POR REGIONES EN COLOMBIA: ¿COMPETENCIA POR SALARIOS O POR PUESTOS DE TRABAJO?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maribel Castillo Caicedo

    2007-06-01

    Full Text Available Este trabajo aporta una perspectiva del fenómeno de la sobreeducación, entendida como un desajuste por exceso, entre el nivel educativo alcanzado por el individuo y el exigido por el puesto de trabajo en el cual se desempeña; esto se debe a que existe una demanda laboral estrecha de puestos de trabajo para personas calificadas en Colombia. Se analizan las contribuciones empíricas existentes y el debate sobre las mismas; se examinan las teorías que permiten explicar la existencia de un desajuste educativo y se realiza una revisión de la literatura internacional y nacional sobre el tema. Adicionalmente, se plantean una serie de hipótesis para desarrollar un esquema que permita determinar el comportamiento del individuo en el fenómeno de la sobreeducación.

  3. Oral Antidiabetic Agents and Cardiovascular Outcomes

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Pareek, Manan; Bhatt, Deepak L

    2018-01-01

    Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes; however, a direct protective effect of tight glycemic control remains unproven. In fact, until 2008, when concerns related to rosiglitazone prompted regulatory agencies to mandate assessment...... of cardiovascular safety of new antidiabetic agents, little was known about how these medications affected cardiovascular outcomes. Since then, there has been a considerable increase in the number of cardiovascular trials, which employ a noninferiority design and focus on high-risk populations to establish safety...... in the shortest time possible. In this article, we summarize the 4 major cardiovascular outcome trials of oral antidiabetic agents, completed so far. These include 3 dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (saxagliptin, alogliptin, and sitagliptin) and 1 sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (empagliflozin). We...

  4. Café e saúde humana: um enfoque nas substâncias presentes na bebida relacionadas às doenças cardiovasculares Coffee and human health: a focus on the substances of the beverage related to cardiovascular disease

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fabiana Accioly de Lima

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available O café é a bebida mais consumida no Brasil e no mundo ocidental. O fato de ser uma bebida tão popular, aliado à sua importância econômica, explica o interesse por estudos sobre o café, desde a sua composição até seus efeitos na saúde humana. Dentre as diversas substâncias presentes na composição química do café, além dos nutrientes, destacam-se a cafeína, os diterpenos cafestol e kahweol e os ácidos clorogênicos, o que faz do café uma importante fonte dietética destes compostos. Muitos estudos têm verificado a influência de seus constituintes na saúde, principalmente a cafeína vs a elevação da pressão arterial; o cafestol e o kahweol vs a dislipidemia; e ácidos clorogênicos vs proteção cardiovascular, por suas propriedades antioxidantes. Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar de forma sucinta a importância da bebida e sua composição química, os mecanismos fisiológicos envolvidos na elevação da pressão arterial e do colesterol sérico atribuíveis ao café, bem como estudos selecionados que verificaram a associação do consumo da bebida com estas doenças cardiovasculares.Coffee is the most consumed beverage in the Western world, including Brazil. The fact that it is one the most popular beverages and its worldwide consumption and economic importance explain the interest for studies on coffee, from its composition to its effects on human health. In addition to the nutrients, its various components include caffeine, the diterpenes cafestol and kahweol, and chlorogenic acids, with coffee being an important dietary source of these compounds. Many studies have verified the association between its constituents and health, especially caffeine and high blood pressure, cafestol and kahweol and dyslipidemias, and chlorogenic acids and cardiovascular protection from their antioxidant properties. This article aims to succinctly present the importance and composition of the drink, the physiological mechanisms

  5. [Cooperative Cardiovascular Disease Research Network (RECAVA)].

    Science.gov (United States)

    García-Dorado, David; Castro-Beiras, Alfonso; Díez, Javier; Gabriel, Rafael; Gimeno-Blanes, Juan R; Ortiz de Landázuri, Manuel; Sánchez, Pedro L; Fernández-Avilés, Francisco

    2008-01-01

    Today, cardiovascular disease is the principal cause of death and hospitalization in Spain, and accounts for an annual healthcare budget of more than 4000 million euros. Consequently, early diagnosis, effective prevention, and the optimum treatment of cardiovascular disease present a significant social and healthcare challenge for the country. In this context, combining all available resources to increase the efficacy and healthcare benefits of scientific research is a priority. This rationale prompted the establishment of the Spanish Cooperative Cardiovascular Disease Research Network, or RECAVA (Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares), 5 years ago. Since its foundation, RECAVA's activities have focused on achieving four objectives: a) to facilitate contacts between basic, clinical and epidemiological researchers; b) to promote the shared use of advanced technological facilities; c) to apply research results to clinical practice, and d) to train a new generation of translational cardiovascular researchers in Spain. At present, RECAVA consists of 41 research groups and seven shared technological facilities. RECAVA's research strategy is based on a scientific design matrix centered on the most important cardiovascular processes. The level of RECAVA's research activity is reflected in the fact that 28 co-authored articles were published in international journals during the first six months of 2007, with each involving contributions from at least two groups in the network. Finally, RECAVA also participates in the work of the Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research, or CNIC (Centro Nacional de Investigación Cardiovascular), and some established Biomedical Research Network Centers, or CIBER (Centros de Investigación Biomédica en RED), with the aim of consolidating the development of a dynamic multidisciplinary research framework that is capable of meeting the growing challenge that cardiovascular disease will present

  6. QUEMERINA E FATORES RELACIONADOS AO RISCO CARDIOVASCULAR EM CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vanessa Sequeira Fontes

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available RESUMO Objetivo: Sintetizar os achados sobre a quemerina e os fatores relacionados ao risco cardiovascular em crianças e adolescentes. Fontes de dados: Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática de acordo com os itens propostos pela diretriz PRISMA nas bases de dados PubMed, Science Direct e Lilacs. Utilizaram-se os descritores chemerin de forma associada a children e adolescent, sem limite de tempo. A pesquisa limitou-se a artigos originais realizados com seres humanos, em língua inglesa, excluindo-se a população adulta e idosa, assim como os artigos de revisão, comunicação breve, cartas e editoriais. Síntese dos dados: Após análise dos estudos por dois revisores, de forma independente, segundo os critérios de elegibilidade, permaneceram na revisão sete artigos, publicados entre 2012 e 2016. Foram incluídos estudos de delineamento transversal, prospectivo, coorte e caso-controle. A importância da adipocina quemerina nos fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares é demonstrada por meio de sua associação com obesidade e diabetes melito, assim como com parâmetros clínicos, antropométricos e bioquímicos. Entretanto, a força da evidência dos estudos é relativamente baixa, em função da heterogeneidade das publicações, destacando-se como limitações o número reduzido das amostras e sua ausência de representatividade, a falta de padronização dos métodos de dosagem, o delineamento transversal de grande parte dos estudos e a impossibilidade de extrapolação dos resultados. Conclusões: A desregulação da quemerina provocada pelo aumento de tecido adiposo pode contribuir para o aparecimento de doenças cardiovasculares, sugerindo que tal adipocina tem papel relevante na identificação precoce de indivíduos em risco.

  7. Anestesia no cardiovascular en el paciente con cardiopatía congénita y flujo pulmonar aumentado

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lincoln de la Parte Pérez

    2003-12-01

    Full Text Available Los lactantes y dentro de éstos los de menor edad y peso corporal, que padecen de cardiopatías congénitas con flujo pulmonar aumentado y son sometidos a anestesia para procedimientos quirúrgicos no cardiovasculares, tienen un gran riesgo anestésico, por lo que es necesario enfatizar que estos pacientes presentan habitualmente múltiples alteraciones anatómicas y de la fisiología cardiovascular con repercusión en diferentes órganos y sistemas, diversas enfermedades asociadas que empeoran el pronóstico y necesitan frecuentemente tratamiento médico con digitálicos, diuréticos y fármacos vasoactivos desde muy temprano, de modo que la evaluación preoperatoria, incluidas las investigaciones no invasivas, deben ser realizadas por cardiólogos experimentados y cuando se programan para procedimientos quirúrgicos, deben ser remitidos para un centro con recursos y la experiencia necesaria en el manejo de los pacientes con cardiopatías congénitas. Se presenta una revisión bibliográfica actualizada sobre el manejo anestésico de estos pacientes.Infants and among them the youngest and with the least body weight suffering from congenital heart diseases with increased pulmonary flow and who receive anesthesia to undergo noncardiovascular surgical procedures, are at a great anesthetic risk . That's why, it is necessary to make emphasis on the fact that these patients usually present multiple anatomical alterations and cardiovascular physiology disorders with repercussion on different organs and systems, diverse associated diseases that worsen the prognosis, and that they frequently need medical treatment with digitalis, diuretics and vasoactive drugs very early. Taking this into account, the preoperative evaluation, including non-invasive research should be carried out by experienced cardiologists and when they are scheduled for surgical procedures, they should be referred to a center with resources and the necessary experience in the

  8. Hepatitis C virus and cardiovascular: A review

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Salvatore Petta

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV infection is a systemic disease that leads to increased risks of cirrhosis and its complications, as well as extrahepatic disturbances, including immune-related disorders and metabolic alterations such as insulin resistance and steatosis. Recent accumulating evidence suggests that HCV infection can increase cardiovascular risk, and that viral eradication can improve cardiovascular outcomes in the clinical setting. These data are strengthened by evidence identifying potential mechanisms (indirectly linking HCV infection to vascular damage. However, the high prevalence of both HCV infection and cardiovascular alterations, as well as the presence of contrasting results not identifying any association between HCV infection and cardiovascular dysfunction, provides uncertainty about a direct association of HCV infection with cardiovascular risk. Further studies are needed to clarify definitively the role of HCV infection in cardiovascular alterations, as well as the impact of viral eradication on cardiovascular outcomes. These features are now more attractive, considering the availability of new, safe, and very effective interferon-free antiviral agents for the treatment of HCV infection. This review aims to discuss carefully available data on the relationship between HCV infection and cardiovascular risk.

  9. Editor's Choice - Acute Cardiovascular Care Association Position Paper on Intensive Cardiovascular Care Units: An update on their definition, structure, organisation and function.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bonnefoy-Cudraz, Eric; Bueno, Hector; Casella, Gianni; De Maria, Elia; Fitzsimons, Donna; Halvorsen, Sigrun; Hassager, Christian; Iakobishvili, Zaza; Magdy, Ahmed; Marandi, Toomas; Mimoso, Jorge; Parkhomenko, Alexander; Price, Susana; Rokyta, Richard; Roubille, Francois; Serpytis, Pranas; Shimony, Avi; Stepinska, Janina; Tint, Diana; Trendafilova, Elina; Tubaro, Marco; Vrints, Christiaan; Walker, David; Zahger, Doron; Zima, Endre; Zukermann, Robert; Lettino, Maddalena

    2018-02-01

    Acute cardiovascular care has progressed considerably since the last position paper was published 10 years ago. It is now a well-defined, complex field with demanding multidisciplinary teamworking. The Acute Cardiovascular Care Association has provided this update of the 2005 position paper on acute cardiovascular care organisation, using a multinational working group. The patient population has changed, and intensive cardiovascular care units now manage a large range of conditions from those simply requiring specialised monitoring, to critical cardiovascular diseases with associated multi-organ failure. To describe better intensive cardiovascular care units case mix, acuity of care has been divided into three levels, and then defining intensive cardiovascular care unit functional organisation. For each level of intensive cardiovascular care unit, this document presents the aims of the units, the recommended management structure, the optimal number of staff, the need for specially trained cardiologists and cardiovascular nurses, the desired equipment and architecture, and the interaction with other departments in the hospital and other intensive cardiovascular care units in the region/area. This update emphasises cardiologist training, referring to the recently updated Acute Cardiovascular Care Association core curriculum on acute cardiovascular care. The training of nurses in acute cardiovascular care is additionally addressed. Intensive cardiovascular care unit expertise is not limited to within the unit's geographical boundaries, extending to different specialties and subspecialties of cardiology and other specialties in order to optimally manage the wide scope of acute cardiovascular conditions in frequently highly complex patients. This position paper therefore addresses the need for the inclusion of acute cardiac care and intensive cardiovascular care units within a hospital network, linking university medical centres, large community hospitals, and smaller

  10. Arteriopatía periférica crónica inducida por cocaína

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sonia Pankl

    2012-02-01

    Full Text Available La trombosis periférica aguda inducida por cocaína ha sido descripta en la literatura, siendo una complicación poco común. Si bien existen comunicaciones que reflejan los efectos crónicos de la cocaína sobre el sistema arterial periférico, no hay casos publicados de tal complicación en ausencia de otros factores de riesgo. Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 22 años de edad con antecedentes de consumo de cocaína intranasal de 3 gramos por semana durante un año, que consultó por claudicación intermitente a los 200 metros asociada a dolor y parestesias en miembro inferior izquierdo de 2 meses de evolución. El ecodoppler arterial evidenció una estenosis mayor del 70% en la arteria femoral superficial izquierda. Se realizaron estudios complementarios descartando otras etiologías probables. Se inició tratamiento con ácido acetilsalicílico, cilostazol y ejercicio reglado, asociado a terapia de apoyo para mantenimiento del cese del consumo de cocaína, con buena respuesta. Se destaca la importancia de la difusión de información a los pacientes, dado que la mayoría de la población desconoce las complicaciones cardiovasculares de dicha adicción. Es indispensable indagar sobre el consumo de cocaína en pacientes jóvenes con arteriopatía sin factores de riesgo aparentes.

  11. [Epizootology of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the Central Chernozem Region].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Balakirev, A E; Bashkirtsev, V N; Sedova, N S; Okulova, N M; Trankvilevskiĭ, D V; Sikora, I V; Frolova, S M; Luz'ianov, E N; Shinkorenko, N N; Sapel'nikov, A F; Tkachenko, E A

    2006-01-01

    A total of 5149 small mammals belonging to 16 species were collected from the Lipetsk, Voronezh, and Belgorod regions (40 administrative districts) in 2003-2004 and examined by ELISA and IFA to detect hantavirus antigen and antibodies in the lung tissues. Hantavirus circulation was revealed in 13 species, the highest hantavirus activity being detected in field (Apodemus agrarius) and small wood (A. (S) uralensis) mice (Dobrava-Belgrad virus), bank (Clethrionomis glareolus) (Puumala virus) and common (Microtus arvalis) (Tula virus) voles. These species were frequently found to have their untypical hantaviruses, which was most commonly observed in small wood mice. It is suggested that the small wood mouse is likely to take a certain part in maintaining the circulation of Dobrava-Belgrad virus.

  12. Cardiovascular risk profile in women and dementia.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dufouil, Carole; Seshadri, Sudha; Chêne, Geneviève

    2014-01-01

    There is growing evidence for the importance of cardiovascular risk factors in dementia development, including Alzheimer's disease. As cardiovascular risk profiles vary greatly by gender, with men suffering a greater burden of cardiovascular risk in midlife, this could lead to differences in dementia risk. To explore current evidence on the association between components of the cardiovascular risk profile and dementia risk in women and men, we reviewed all studies reporting the risk of dementia associated with cardiovascular risk factors stratified by gender and found 53 eligible articles out of over 4,000 published since the year 2000. Consistent results were found: 1) for exposures acting specifically in women: Overweight/obesity (harmful) and physical activity (protective), and 2) for exposures acting similarly in women and men: Moderate alcohol (protective) and hypertension, diabetes, and depression (harmful). A modified effect of tobacco or high cholesterol/statin use remained controversial. Available data do not allow us to assess whether selection of men with healthier cardiovascular profile (due to cardiovascular death in midlife) could lead in late life either to a difference in the distribution of risk factors or to a differential effect of these risk factors by gender. We recommend that results on dementia risk factors, especially cardiovascular ones, be reported systematically by gender in all future studies. More generally, as cardiovascular risk profiles evolve over time, more attention needs to be paid to the detection and correction of cardiovascular risk factors, as early as possible in the life course, and as actively in women as in men.

  13. Home Delivery Medicament Program: access, inactivity and cardiovascular risk.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Araújo, Roque da Silva; Arcuri, Edna Apparecida Moura; Lopes, Victor Cauê

    2016-10-10

    to verify causes of inactivity in the Home Delivery Medicament Program, as referred by users from a Primary Health Care Service in São Paulo, comparing them to the causes registered in the program and analyzing them in the theoretical model Concept of Access to Health. cross-sectional study, interviewing 111 inactive users; and documentary study in the program records. half of the users did not know the condition of inactivity. Discrepancies were found between the user's and the program's information, observing different levels of agreement: Absence of physician and administrative staff member 0%; Transfer to other service 25%; Death 50%; Option to quit 50%; Address change 57% and Change in therapeutic schedule 80%. The users' feeling of accepting the program was observed. In the health access concept, inactivity can be explained in the information dimension, in the degree of asymmetry between the patient's and the health professional's knowledge, identified through the indicators: education, knowledge and information sources. due to the low education level, the user does not assimilate the information on the steps of the program flowchart, does not return for the assessment that guarantees its continuity. Consequently, (s)he stops receiving the medication and spends a long time without treatment, increasing the cardiovascular risk of hypertensive (92% of the sample), diabetic (44%) and dyslipidemic patients (31%). verificar causas de inatividade no Programa Remédio em Casa, referidas por usuários de Unidade Básica de Saúde de São Paulo, comparando-as às registradas pelo programa e analisando-as no modelo teórico Conceito de Acesso à Saúde. estudo transversal entrevistando 111 usuários inativos; e documental, nos registros do programa. metade dos usuários desconhecia a condição de inatividade. Constatadas discrepâncias nas informações usuário versus programa, observando-se diferentes níveis de concordância: Falta de médico e funcion

  14. Consumo de medicamentos por idosos, Goiânia, Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Thalyta Renata Araújo Santos

    2013-02-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Analisar o padrão de consumo de medicamentos entre idosos e sua associação com aspectos socioeconômicos e autopercepção de saúde. MÉTODOS: Estudo de base populacional e delineamento transversal com 934 idosos de Goiânia, GO, Brasil, entre dezembro de 2009 e abril de 2010. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionário. As variáveis estudadas foram: número de medicamentos consumidos, sexo, estado civil, escolaridade, tipo de moradia, idade, renda e autopercepção de saúde. Os medicamentos foram classificados segundo o Anatomical Therapeutic and Chemical Classification. Os medicamentos impróprios para idosos foram identificados segundo o Critério de Beers-Fick. Os testes utilizados foram Qui-quadrado (X² e exato de Fisher e p foi considerado significativo quando < 0,05. RESULTADOS: Os idosos consumiam 2.846 medicamentos (3,63 medicamentos/idoso. Os mais usuais atuavam no aparelho cardiovascular (38,6%. A prevalência de polifarmácia foi de 26,4% e da automedicação de 35,7%. Os medicamentos mais ingeridos por automedicação foram os analgésicos (30,8%; 24,6% dos idosos consumia medicamento considerado impróprio. Mulheres, viúvos, idosos com 80 anos ou mais e com pior autopercepção de saúde praticavam mais a polifarmácia. A maior prática da automedicação esteve associada com menor escolaridade e pior autopercepção de saúde. CONCLUSÕES: O padrão do consumo de medicamentos por idosos foi semelhante ao encontrado em idosos de outras regiões do Brasil. O número de medicamentos usados, a prevalência das práticas da polifarmácia e automedicação e consumo de medicamentos impróprios estiveram dentro da média nacional.

  15. AVALIAÇÃO DA INDUÇÃO DE HIPERLIPIDEMIA EM RATOS POR DEXAMETASONA E ÓLEO DE COCO

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    Izabel Cristina CELESKI, Jaqueline Kock FERGUTZ, Eduardo Manoel PEREIRA, Melissa ZÉTOLA, Giovana Carolina BAZZO, Bianca Ramos PEZZINI

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available As doenças cardiovasculares são causa crescente e relevante de óbitos em todo o mundo e as dislipidemias constituem importantes fatores de risco para seu desencadeamento. Uma vez que não são passíveis de monitoramento direto pelo paciente, as complicações das dislipidemias surgem de forma insidiosa. Assim, a conduta terapêutica envolve, além de mudanças de hábitos alimentares, a prevenção das complicações cardiovasculares em longo prazo que podem ser advindas da permanência de níveis aumentados de lipídios. Assim, este estudo teve como propósito realizar a padronização de um modelo de indução de hiperlipidemia para posterior avaliação da atividade hipolipemiante de medicamentos. Ratos machos Wistar foram tratados com dexametasona (Dex por via intraperitoneal (i.p. por 30 dias e/ou com óleo de coco per os (p.o. durante 14 dias e os níveis de colesterol total e frações e de triglicerídeos foram dosados no soro dos animais. A administração do óleo de coco mostrou-se promotora de hipertrigliceridemia significativa, mas que não foi acompanhada de hipercolesterolemia. Resultado semelhante foi obtido através da administração de Dex durante um mês. Porém, a exposição crônica à Dex conduziu à perda de pelos, emagrecimento, apatia e morte dos animais. Animais que receberam óleo de coco associado à Dex apresentaram maior taxa de mortalidade em relação à administração isolada de Dex. Então, o tratamento de ratos Wistar com óleo de coco durante 14 dias foi padronizado para a avaliação de formulações farmacêuticas contendo fibratos, que são os fármacos mais eficazes em reduzir os níveis de triglicerídeos.

  16. Efeitos do treinamento aeróbio e resistido nas respostas cardiovasculares de idosos ativos

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    Rafaella Ribas Locks

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Verificar os efeitos da associação do treinamento aeróbio e resistido nas respostas cardiovasculares de idosos. MÉTODOS: Onze sujeitos (ambos os gêneros, 70 ± 5 anos realizaram, duas vezes por semana, caminhada e exercícios resistidos para membros inferiores por 12 semanas. As avaliações foram realizadas antes, a cada quatro semanas de treinamento e após quatro semanas de destreinamento, por meio do teste de seis minutos de caminhada e aferição de pressão arterial (PA e frequência cardíaca (FC antes, imediatamente após e no quinto e décimo minutos subsequentes ao teste. Os resultados foram comparados pelo teste Wilcoxon (p ≤ 0,05. RESULTADOS: Quatro semanas de treinamento promoveram redução da PA sistólica e diastólica em repouso (120 ± 16 mmHg vs. 138 ± 20 mmHg, p = 0,01; 70 ± 9 mmHg vs. 84 ± 10 mmHg, p = 0,007, respectivamente e redução da PA diastólica imediatamente após o teste (78 ± 12 mmHg vs. 86 ± 9 mmHg, p = 0,01, que persistiu após dez minutos do esforço submáximo, quando comparadas ao pré-treino. Após 12 semanas, houve aumento da distância percorrida (555 ± 65m vs. 514 ± 100 m, p = 0,04 quando comparado ao pré-treino e recuperação dos valores de repouso da FC dez minutos após o esforço. CONCLUSÃO: A associação do treinamento aeróbio e resistido, em apenas quatro semanas, promoveu adaptações cardiovasculares eficientes na redução da PA sistólica e diastólica. Após 12 semanas, houve aumento da resistência à caminhada submáxima e recuperação dos valores em repouso da FC. Mesmo com o destreinamento, todos os resultados, exceto a FC, foram mantidos.

  17. Trends for type 2 diabetes and other cardiovascular risk factors in Mexico from 1993-2006 Tendencia en la prevalencia de diabetes tipo 2 y otros indicadores de riesgo cardiovascular en México entre 1993-2006

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Salvador Villalpando

    2010-01-01

    mortalidad asociada a la T2D y enfermedades cardiovasculares, por lo que deben intensificarse las estrategias para prevenir y reducir los incrementos dramáticos previstos en la carga de enfermedad.

  18. Efeitos hemodinâmicos e vasculares do treinamento resistido: implicações na doença cardiovascular Hemodynamic and vascular effects of resistance training: implications for cardiovascular disease

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Daniel Umpierre

    2007-10-01

    Full Text Available O treinamento resistido tem sido proposto como possível estratégia para prevenção e reabilitação cardiovascular, e nesse contexto esta revisão descreve os efeitos cardiovasculares mediados por esse tipo de intervenção. O incremento tanto na força muscular quanto na capacidade para realização de tarefas do dia-a-dia são benefícios bem caracterizados ante esse tipo de treinamento. Mais recentemente, estudos que utilizaram a avaliação hemodinâmica verificaram estabilidade cardiovascular em pacientes com doença coronariana ou insuficiência cardíaca durante a realização de exercício resistido, sem aparentes prejuízos na função ventricular ou aumento exacerbado na pressão arterial ao exercício. Adicionalmente, a pressão arterial em repouso também parece ser influenciada pelo treinamento resistido crônico, apresentando leve redução tanto para a pressão arterial sistólica (PAS quanto para a pressão arterial diastólica (PAD. A mensuração dos níveis pressóricos após uma única sessão de exercício resistido demonstra ocorrência da hipotensão pós-exercício em indivíduos normais e hipertensos; contudo, há controvérsias quanto à intensidade de esforço necessária para indução desse efeito. Recentemente, estudos de intervenção têm investigado o exercício resistido sob o prisma vascular, avaliando a complacência arterial, assim como a função endotelial. Apesar dos poucos experimentos disponíveis, evidências têm demonstrado uma potencial influência do treinamento resistido sobre a redução da complacência arterial. Por sua vez, o fluxo sangüíneo periférico apresenta-se aumentado após o treinamento resistido, ao passo que a função endotelial parece melhorada especialmente após o treinamento combinado. Pesquisas adicionais são necessárias para análise da eficácia dessa intervenção sobre desfechos validados, e para aprofundamento de mecanismos fisiológicos responsáveis pelas adapta

  19. Canakinumab: un anticuerpo monoclonal prometedor en el tratamiento de enfermedades cardiovasculares Canakinumab: a promising monoclonal antibody in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases

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    Fernando Manzur

    2013-02-01

    Full Text Available El canakinumab es un anticuerpo monoclonal anti-IL-1β totalmente humano desarrollado por Novartis, cuyo mecanismo de acción se basa en la neutralización de la señalización IL-1β, lo cual conduce a la supresión de la inflamación en pacientes con trastornos de origen autoinmune. La IL-1β actúa como un mediador de la respuesta inmune periférica durante la infección y la inflamación. Mediante la unión antígeno-anticuerpo el canakinumab inhibe la acción de la IL1-β evitando sus efectos pro-inflamatorios. En la actualidad, está en evaluación como un nuevo posible agente dirigido frente a la IL-1β, con el objetivo de reducir la tasa de eventos cardiovasculares y la diabetes de aparición reciente (estudio CANTOS.Canakinumab is a totally human monoclonal antibody anti-IL-1β developed by Novartis, whose mode of action is based on the neutralization of IL-1β signaling, which leads to suppression of inflammation in patients with autoimmune disorders. The IL-1β acts as a mediator of the peripheral immune response during infection and inflammation. By the antigen-antibody binding, canakinumab inhibits the action of IL1-β avoiding its pro-inflammatory effects. Currently, it is being evaluated as a new possible agent directed against IL-1β, with the goal of reducing the rate of cardiovascular events and new onset diabetes (study CANTOS.

  20. Cold Weather and Cardiovascular Disease

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Venous Thromboembolism Aortic Aneurysm More Cold Weather and Cardiovascular Disease Updated:Sep 16,2015 Th is winter ... and procedures related to heart disease and stroke. Cardiovascular Conditions • Conditions Home • Arrhythmia and Atrial Fibrillation • Cardiac ...

  1. Desajuste educativo por regiones en Colombia: ¿competencia por salarios o por puestos de trabajo?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Castillo Caicedo Maribel

    2007-08-01

    Full Text Available Este trabajo aporta una perspectiva del fenómeno de la sobreeducación,
    entendida como un desajuste por exceso, entre el nivel educativo alcanzado
    por el individuo y el exigido por el puesto de trabajo en el cual se
    desempeña; esto se debe a que existe una demanda laboral estrecha de
    puestos de trabajo para personas calificadas en Colombia. Se analizan las
    contribuciones empíricas existentes y el debate sobre las mismas; se
    examinan las teorías que permiten explicar la existencia de un desajuste
    educativo y se realiza una revisión de la literatura internacional y
    nacional sobre el tema. Adicionalmente, se plantean una serie de hipótesis
    para desarrollar un esquema que permita determinar el comportamiento
    del individuo en el fenómeno de la sobreeducación.

  2. Estudio del coste-beneficio de un programa de seguimiento a pacientes con riesgo cardiovascular

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vilanova L,

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available INTRODUCCIÓN El farmacéutico tiene que demostrar que es capaz de realizar e implementar unos servicios de calidad y su eficiencia antes de poder exigir la financiación de estos servicios. El objetivo general del presente estudio es analizar los costes derivados de la prestación de un servicio de seguimiento para pacientes con enfermedad cardiovascular y evaluar la posible eficiencia en el mismo. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS Para la recogida y análisis de datos se utilizó el programa Cuídate Corazón® (Laboratorios Lácer y para establecer un posible precio al servicio se aplicó la estrategia de Kotler, utilizando el método orientado al coste. Como evaluación de la efectividad del servicio se contabilizaron los RNM detectados al paciente y la aceptación por parte del médico de la intervención del farmacéutico. Se realizó una encuesta para ver el grado de satisfacción del paciente. RESULTADOS El coste por paciente y mes del servicio para cada farmacia resultó ser de 2,48 . Se detectaron 10 RNM de los que en un 78% la intervención farmacéutica fue aceptada por el médico, que hizo cambios en la medicación. El paciente resulta estar muy satisfecho por este servicio, que mejora su percepción del farmacéutico como profesional sanitario y cree que el farmacéutico debe ser remunerado por el servicio. DISCUSIÓN Se considera que se ha generado un valor añadido a la atención del paciente, creando una demanda del servicio prestado. Las farmacias participantes seguirán trabajando con el programa Cuídate Corazón ®, y establecerán una remuneración para el farmacéutico por parte del paciente, ya que se considera que esto responsabiliza al profesional y mejora la implicación del paciente en beneficio de su salud

  3. Cocoa, blood pressure, and cardiovascular health.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ferri, Claudio; Desideri, Giovambattista; Ferri, Livia; Proietti, Ilenia; Di Agostino, Stefania; Martella, Letizia; Mai, Francesca; Di Giosia, Paolo; Grassi, Davide

    2015-11-18

    High blood pressure is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular events worldwide. Clinical and epidemiological studies suggest that cocoa-rich products reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. According to this, cocoa has a high content in polyphenols, especially flavanols. Flavanols have been described to exert favorable effects on endothelium-derived vasodilation via the stimulation of nitric oxide-synthase, the increased availability of l-arginine, and the decreased degradation of NO. Cocoa may also have a beneficial effect by protecting against oxidative stress alterations and via decreased platelet aggregation, decreased lipid oxidation, and insulin resistance. These effects are associated with a decrease of blood pressure and a favorable trend toward a reduction in cardiovascular events and strokes. Previous meta-analyses have shown that cocoa-rich foods may reduce blood pressure. Long-term trials investigating the effect of cocoa products are needed to determine whether or not blood pressure is reduced on a chronic basis by daily ingestion of cocoa. Furthermore, long-term trials investigating the effect of cocoa on clinical outcomes are also needed to assess whether cocoa has an effect on cardiovascular events. A 3 mmHg systolic blood pressure reduction has been estimated to decrease the risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. This paper summarizes new findings concerning cocoa effects on blood pressure and cardiovascular health, focusing on putative mechanisms of action and "nutraceutical " viewpoints.

  4. Cardiovascular Diseases in HIV-infected Subjects (HIV-HEART Study)

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-05-07

    Detection of Frequency, Severity and Progression of Cardiovascular Diseases in Patients With HIV-infection.; Effect on Cardiovascular Risk and Life Quality by Age, Gender, Classic Cardiovascular Risk Factors,; HIV-specific Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Cardiovascular Medication, Antiretroviral Medication

  5. Resposta cardiovascular ao Stroop: comparação entre teste computadorizado e verbal Respuesta cardiovascular al Stroop: comparación entre test computarizado y verbal Cardiovascular response to Stroop test: comparison between the computerized and verbal tests

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Daniel Fernandes Barbosa

    2010-04-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: O teste de Stroop requer que o indivíduo responda a elementos específicos de um estímulo enquanto inibe processos mais automatizados. OBJETIVO: Comparar a reatividade cardiovascular induzida pela versão computadorizada do teste palavra-cor de Stroop - TESTINPACS® com versão tradicional baseada na leitura de palavras impressas. MÉTODOS: A amostra de conveniência foi constituída por 20 mulheres (22,4 ± 4,1 anos. Análises de variância com medidas repetidas foram utilizadas para comparar efeitos principais entre testes (computadorizado, verbal, assim como entre etapas do teste (linha de base, Stroop 1, Stroop 3 das variáveis fisiológicas (pressão arterial, arritmia sinusal respiratória, frequência cardíaca e frequência respiratória. Testes t para amostras pareadas foram utilizados para comparar as médias pressóricas entre o Stroop 3 e a linha de base. Ademais, a magnitude dos efeitos (d' foi estimada a fim avaliar o impacto das diferenças entre as medidas fisiológicas relativas ao Stroop 3 e a linha de base. RESULTADOS: As duas versões do instrumento produziram elevação significativa em frequência cardíaca (pFUNDAMENTO: El test de Stroop requiere que el individuo responda a elementos específicos de un estímulo mientras inhibe procesos más automatizados. OBJETIVO: Comparar la reactividad cardiovascular inducida por la versión computarizada del test de colores y palabras Stroop - TESTINPACS® con la versión tradicional basada en la lectura de palabras impresas. MÉTODOS: La muestra de conveniencia estuvo constituida por 20 mujeres (22,4 ± 4,1 años. Se utilizaron análisis de varianza con medidas repetidas para comparar efectos principales entre ambos test (computarizado, verbal, así como entre etapas del test (línea de base, Stroop1, Stroop 3 de las variables fisiológicas (presión arterial, arritmia sinusal respiratoria, frecuencia cardiaca y frecuencia respiratoria. Para comparar los promedios pres

  6. Riesgo cardiovascular en trabajadores de la salud

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    Cristina Robaina Aguirre

    1999-04-01

    Full Text Available Se realiza un estudio de tipo transversal con la finalidad de conocer el comportamiento de las afecciones cardiovasculares que provocaron incapacidad temporal en el Hospital "Julio Trigo" López en el período comprendido entre 1994-1996. Nuestro principal objetivo fue identificar algunos factores de riesgo que estuvieran incidiendo en la aparición de estos trastornos entre los trabajadores de la salud, teniendo en cuenta variables de persona y lugar de trabajo u ocupación fundamentalmente. En el período analizado las enfermedades cardiovasculares representaron un problema de salud en este hospital con una tasa de 10,64 x 100 trabajadores. La Hipertensión Arterial (HTA estuvo situada en primer lugar con una tasa de 6,31 x 100 trabajadores, seguida no muy de cerca por las Cardiopatías isquémicas con 2,4 x 100 trabajadores. Los más afectados fueron los médicos, administrativos y las enfermeras, siendo los hombres ligeramente más incidentes que las mujeres con tasas de 11,53 y 10,07 x 100 trabajadores respectivamente, y la raza negra predominó de forma general con un 47,94 %. El hábito de fumar y el estrés fueron factores que pudieron estar involucrados en nuestros resultados, ya que más del 55 % de los enfermos eran fumadores, y la mayoría de ellos (76,66 % están sometidos al estrés de trabajo propio de esta profesión de médicos y enfermeras de hospitales clinicoquirúrgicosA cross-sectional study was carried out know the behavior of the cardiovascular diseases that caused temporary disability at the"Julio Trigo López" Hospital from 1994 to 1996. Our main objective was to identify some risk factors that influenced on the appearance of these disorcers among health workers, having into account variables such as person, and working place or occupation. During the analyzed period the cardiovascular diseases represented a health problem in this hospital with a rate of 10.64 x 100 workers. Arterial hypertension was in the first place

  7. El proyecto “Cardiovascular Health Investigation and Collaboration to Assess the Markers and Outcomes of Chagas disease” (CHICAMOCHA): 15 años construyendo un activo institucional de la Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga-UNAB / Cardiovascular Health Investigation and Collaboration to Assess the Markers and Outcomes of Chagas Disease Project. CHICAMOCHA: 15 Years Building an Asset for The Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga-UNAB / O Projeto Cardiovascular Investigação de Saúde e colaboração para avaliar os marcadores e resultados da doença de Chagas CHICAMOCHA: 15 anos construindo um ativo institucional na Universidade Autônoma de Bucaramanga-UNAB

    OpenAIRE

    Juan Carlos Villar-Centeno, MD., Esp., MSc., PhD

    2015-01-01

    El 3 de mayo del año 2000 asistió a una oficina de la entonces naciente Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga (UNAB), quien fuera el primer participante de un proyecto llamado “Cardiovascular Health Investigation and Collaboration to Assess the Markers and Outcomes of Chagas disease” (CHICAMOCHA). Su estudio piloto, planeado para un año, fue financiado por el departamento de ayudas a la comunidad de ECOPETROL (a través de un convenio con el ISABU, firmado por el enton...

  8. HIV INFECTION, ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY AND CARDIOVASCULAR RISK

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    Katleen de Gaetano Donati

    2010-11-01

    Full Text Available In the last 15 years, highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART has determined a dramatic reduction of both morbidity and mortality in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-infected subjects, transforming this infection in a chronic and manageable disease. Patients surviving with HIV in the developed world, in larger number men,  are becoming aged. As it would be expected for a population of comparable age, many HIV-infected individuals report a family history of cardiovascular disease, a small proportion have already experienced a cardiovascular event and an increasing proportion has diabetes mellitus. Smoking rate is very high while an increasing proportion of HIV-infected individuals have dyslipidaemia. Studies suggest that these traditional risk factors could play an important  role in the development of cardiovascular disease in these patients as they do in the general population. Thus, whilst the predicted 10-year cardiovascular disease risk remains relatively low at present, it will likely increase in relation to the progressive aging of  this patient population. Thus, the long-term follow-up of HIV infected patients has to include co-morbidity management such as cardiovascular disease prevention and treatment. Two intriguing aspects related to the cardiovascular risk in patients with HIV infection are the matter of current investigation: 1 while these subjects share many cardiovascular risk factors with the general population, HIV infection itself increases cardiovascular risk; 2 some HAART regimens too influence atherosclerotic profile, partly due to lipid changes. Although the mechanisms involved in the development of cardiovascular complications in HIV-infected patients remain to be fully elucidated, treatment guidelines recommending interventions to prevent cardiovascular disease in these individuals are already available; however, their application is still limited.

  9. Cardiovascular hospitalizations and associations with environmental quality

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cardiovascular disease has been identified as a condition that may be associated with environmental factors. Air pollution in particular has been demonstrated to be associated with cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis, which can increase the likelihood of cardiovascular eve...

  10. Artificial Intelligence in Precision Cardiovascular Medicine.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Krittanawong, Chayakrit; Zhang, HongJu; Wang, Zhen; Aydar, Mehmet; Kitai, Takeshi

    2017-05-30

    Artificial intelligence (AI) is a field of computer science that aims to mimic human thought processes, learning capacity, and knowledge storage. AI techniques have been applied in cardiovascular medicine to explore novel genotypes and phenotypes in existing diseases, improve the quality of patient care, enable cost-effectiveness, and reduce readmission and mortality rates. Over the past decade, several machine-learning techniques have been used for cardiovascular disease diagnosis and prediction. Each problem requires some degree of understanding of the problem, in terms of cardiovascular medicine and statistics, to apply the optimal machine-learning algorithm. In the near future, AI will result in a paradigm shift toward precision cardiovascular medicine. The potential of AI in cardiovascular medicine is tremendous; however, ignorance of the challenges may overshadow its potential clinical impact. This paper gives a glimpse of AI's application in cardiovascular clinical care and discusses its potential role in facilitating precision cardiovascular medicine. Copyright © 2017 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  11. Structural Insights into the PorK and PorN Components of the Porphyromonas gingivalis Type IX Secretion System.

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    Dhana G Gorasia

    2016-08-01

    Full Text Available The type IX secretion system (T9SS has been recently discovered and is specific to Bacteroidetes species. Porphyromonas gingivalis, a keystone pathogen for periodontitis, utilizes the T9SS to transport many proteins including the gingipain virulence factors across the outer membrane and attach them to the cell surface via a sortase-like mechanism. At least 11 proteins have been identified as components of the T9SS including PorK, PorL, PorM, PorN and PorP, however the precise roles of most of these proteins have not been elucidated and the structural organization of these components is unknown. In this study, we purified PorK and PorN complexes from P. gingivalis and using electron microscopy we have shown that PorN and the PorK lipoprotein interact to form a 50 nm diameter ring-shaped structure containing approximately 32-36 subunits of each protein. The formation of these rings was dependent on both PorK and PorN, but was independent of PorL, PorM and PorP. PorL and PorM were found to form a separate stable complex. PorK and PorN were protected from proteinase K cleavage when present in undisrupted cells, but were rapidly degraded when the cells were lysed, which together with bioinformatic analyses suggests that these proteins are exposed in the periplasm and anchored to the outer membrane via the PorK lipid. Chemical cross-linking and mass spectrometry analyses confirmed the interaction between PorK and PorN and further revealed that they interact with the PG0189 outer membrane protein. Furthermore, we established that PorN was required for the stable expression of PorK, PorL and PorM. Collectively, these results suggest that the ring-shaped PorK/N complex may form part of the secretion channel of the T9SS. This is the first report showing the structural organization of any T9SS component.

  12. Structural Insights into the PorK and PorN Components of the Porphyromonas gingivalis Type IX Secretion System.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gorasia, Dhana G; Veith, Paul D; Hanssen, Eric G; Glew, Michelle D; Sato, Keiko; Yukitake, Hideharu; Nakayama, Koji; Reynolds, Eric C

    2016-08-01

    The type IX secretion system (T9SS) has been recently discovered and is specific to Bacteroidetes species. Porphyromonas gingivalis, a keystone pathogen for periodontitis, utilizes the T9SS to transport many proteins including the gingipain virulence factors across the outer membrane and attach them to the cell surface via a sortase-like mechanism. At least 11 proteins have been identified as components of the T9SS including PorK, PorL, PorM, PorN and PorP, however the precise roles of most of these proteins have not been elucidated and the structural organization of these components is unknown. In this study, we purified PorK and PorN complexes from P. gingivalis and using electron microscopy we have shown that PorN and the PorK lipoprotein interact to form a 50 nm diameter ring-shaped structure containing approximately 32-36 subunits of each protein. The formation of these rings was dependent on both PorK and PorN, but was independent of PorL, PorM and PorP. PorL and PorM were found to form a separate stable complex. PorK and PorN were protected from proteinase K cleavage when present in undisrupted cells, but were rapidly degraded when the cells were lysed, which together with bioinformatic analyses suggests that these proteins are exposed in the periplasm and anchored to the outer membrane via the PorK lipid. Chemical cross-linking and mass spectrometry analyses confirmed the interaction between PorK and PorN and further revealed that they interact with the PG0189 outer membrane protein. Furthermore, we established that PorN was required for the stable expression of PorK, PorL and PorM. Collectively, these results suggest that the ring-shaped PorK/N complex may form part of the secretion channel of the T9SS. This is the first report showing the structural organization of any T9SS component.

  13. [Association between fat mass index and fat-free mass index values and cardiovascular risk in adolescents].

    Science.gov (United States)

    de Oliveira, Patrícia Morais; da Silva, Fabiana Almeida; Souza Oliveira, Renata Maria; Mendes, Larissa Loures; Netto, Michele Pereira; Cândido, Ana Paula Carlos

    2016-01-01

    To describe the association between fat mass index and fat-free mass index values and factors associated with cardiovascular risk in adolescents in the city of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais. Cross-sectional study with 403 adolescents aged 10-14 years, from public and private schools. Anthropometric, clinical, biochemical measurements were obtained, as well as self-reported time spent performing physical exercises, sedentary activities and sexual maturation stage. Regarding the nutritional status; 66.5% of the adolescents had normal weight; 19.9% were overweight and 10.2% were obese. For both genders, the fat mass index was higher in adolescents that had high serum triglycerides, body mass index and waist circumference. Adolescents that had anthropometric, clinical and biochemical characteristics considered to be of risk for the development of cardiovascular disease had higher values of fat mass index. Different methodologies for the assessment of body composition make health promotion and disease prevention more effective. Copyright © 2015 Sociedade de Pediatria de São Paulo. Publicado por Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.

  14. Treinamento resistido reduz riscos cardiovasculares em idosas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luís Ângelo Macêdo Santiago

    2015-08-01

    Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: O envelhecimento humano aliado ao estilo de vida sedentário é marcado por alterações metabólicas com modificação na composição corporal, que repercutem diretamente na proteína C-reativa (PCR, sendo este um importante marcador de risco de doenças cardiovasculares (DCV. O treinamento resistido (TR é um método muito utilizado na prevenção de doenças associadas ao envelhecimento. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos de oito semanas de TR sobre a composição corporal, força muscular e PCR em um grupo de idosas.MÉTODO: Foi realizado um estudo experimental com 10 idosas (63 ± 2 anos de idade. Para o ensaio de PCR, análises bioquímicas de hemograma e lipidograma completos foram coletadas amostras de sangue venoso periférico antes do exercício e 24 horas depois. Para medidas antropométricas calcularam-se índice de massa corporal (IMC, relação cintura/quadril (RCQ e composição corporal. O TR foi realizado por Série Combinada - Bi-Set. Para a análise estatística, primeiramente foi realizado o teste de normalidade de Shapiro-Wilk (p > 0,05 para testes paramétricos. As variáveis do grupo foram apresentadas como média e desvio padrão. Para variáveis de PCR, antropométricas, composição corporal e perfil lipídico foram realizados o teste t de Student,tanto anterior quanto posteriormente às oito semanas de treinamento. Para as amostras da evolução das cargas e médias do consumo alimentar foi realizado o teste One Way ANOVA e, quando necessário, o teste post hoc de Tukey. O nível de significância adotado foi de p ≤ 0,05.RESULTADOS: Houve redução estatisticamente significativa (p = 0,02 para as concentrações séricas de PCR, o que significa uma redução de 70,96%, além de diminuir a massa gorda e aumentar a massa magra e a carga de treino após oito semanas.CONCLUSÃO: Oito semanas de TR reduziram as concentrações séricas de proteína C-reativa, assim como diminuíram a massa gorda e aumentaram o

  15. Reestruturação da gordura do leite por mistura e interesterificação com óleo de milho.

    OpenAIRE

    Juliana Neves Rodrigues

    2002-01-01

    O consumidor está se tornando mais consciente da relação entre alimentação e doenças, o que tem impulsionado as pesquisas na área de alimentos funcionais e seus efeitos no organismo. As gorduras são um importante componente da dieta humana, porém a dieta ocidental apresenta um desequilíbrio quanto ao tipo de gordura consumida. As gorduras saturadas são consumidas em grande quantidade, o que pode provocar doenças cardiovasculares, que atualmente constituem a principal causa de morte no Brasil....

  16. Cardiovascular complications in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Complicações cardiovasculares na síndrome de imunodeficiência adquirida

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Giuseppe Barbaro

    2009-01-01

    32% na prevalência de cardiomiopatia e uma alta taxa de mortalidade relacionada com a insuficiência cardíaca congestiva. Além disso, alguns tipos de HAART nos países desenvolvidos, especialmente aqueles que incluem inibidores da protease, têm causado em uma alta proporção de pacientes, uma síndrome metabólica iatrogênica (síndrome da lipodistrofia relacionada ao HIV que está associada ao aumento do risco de eventos cardiovasculares relacionados à aterosclerose mesmo em indivíduos jovens infectados pelo HIV. Uma melhor compreensão dos mecanismos moleculares responsáveis por esta síndrome levará ao descobrimento de novas drogas que irão reduzir o risco cardiovascular em pacientes infectados pelo HIV que recebem HAART.

  17. Cardiovascular risk-benefit profile of sibutramine.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Scheen, A J

    2010-01-01

    Sibutramine is a combined norepinephrine and serotonin reuptake inhibitor used as an antiobesity agent to reduce appetite and promote weight loss in combination with diet and exercise. At a daily dose of 10-20 mg, it was initially considered to have a good safety profile, as it does not induce primary pulmonary hypertension or adverse effects on cardiac valves, in contrast to previous reports relating to some other antiobesity agents. However, it exerts disparate effects on cardiovascular risk factors. On the one hand, sibutramine may have antiatherogenic activities, as it improves insulin resistance, glucose metabolism, dyslipidemia, and inflammatory markers, with most of these effects resulting from weight loss rather than from an intrinsic effect of the drug. On the other hand, because of its specific mode of action, sibutramine exerts a peripheral sympathomimetic effect, which induces a moderate increase in heart rate and attenuates the reduction in BP attributable to weight loss or even slightly increases BP. It may also prolong the QT interval, an effect that could induce arrhythmias. Because of these complex effects, it is difficult to conclude what the final impact of sibutramine on cardiovascular outcomes might be. Sibutramine has been shown to exert favorable effects on some surrogate cardiovascular endpoints such as reduction of left ventricular hypertrophy and improvement of endothelial dysfunction. A good cardiovascular safety profile was demonstrated in numerous 1- to 2-year controlled trials, in both diabetic and nondiabetic well selected patients, as well as in several observational studies. However, since 2002, several cardiovascular adverse events (hypertension, tachycardia, arrhythmias, and myocardial infarction) have been reported in sibutramine-treated patients. This led to a contraindication of the use of this antiobesity agent in patients with established coronary heart disease, previous stroke, heart failure, or cardiac arrhythmias. SCOUT

  18. Multiple infections of rodents with zoonotic pathogens in Austria.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Schmidt, Sabrina; Essbauer, Sandra S; Mayer-Scholl, Anne; Poppert, Sven; Schmidt-Chanasit, Jonas; Klempa, Boris; Henning, Klaus; Schares, Gereon; Groschup, Martin H; Spitzenberger, Friederike; Richter, Dania; Heckel, Gerald; Ulrich, Rainer G

    2014-07-01

    Rodents are important reservoirs for a large number of zoonotic pathogens. We examined the occurrence of 11 viral, bacterial, and parasitic agents in rodent populations in Austria, including three different hantaviruses, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, orthopox virus, Leptospira spp., Borrelia spp., Rickettsia spp., Bartonella spp., Coxiella burnetii, and Toxoplasma gondii. In 2008, 110 rodents of four species (40 Clethrionomys glareolus, 29 Apodemus flavicollis, 26 Apodemus sylvaticus, and 15 Microtus arvalis) were trapped at two rural sites in Lower Austria. Chest cavity fluid and samples of lung, spleen, kidney, liver, brain, and ear pinna skin were collected. We screened selected tissue samples for hantaviruses, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, orthopox viruses, Leptospira, Borrelia, Rickettsia, Bartonella spp., C. burnetii, and T. gondii by RT-PCR/PCR and detected nucleic acids of Tula hantavirus, Leptospira spp., Borrelia afzelii, Rickettsia spp., and different Bartonella species. Serological investigations were performed for hantaviruses, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, orthopox viruses, and Rickettsia spp. Here, Dobrava-Belgrade hantavirus-, Tula hantavirus-, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-, orthopox virus-, and rickettsia-specific antibodies were demonstrated. Puumala hantavirus, C. burnetii, and T. gondii were neither detected by RT-PCR/PCR nor by serological methods. In addition, multiple infections with up to three pathogens were shown in nine animals of three rodent species from different trapping sites. In conclusion, these results show that rodents in Austria may host multiple zoonotic pathogens. Our observation raises important questions regarding the interactions of different pathogens in the host, the countermeasures of the host's immune system, the impact of the host-pathogen interaction on the fitness of the host, and the spread of infectious agents among wild rodents and from those to other animals or humans.

  19. Pharmacogenomics in cardiovascular disorders: Steps in approaching personalized medicine in cardiovascular medicine

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Christopher Barone

    2009-09-01

    Full Text Available Christopher Barone, Shaymaa S Mousa, Shaker A MousaThe Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY, USAAbstract: Some of the most commonly prescribed medications are those for cardiovascular maladies. The beneficial effects of these medications have been well documented. However, there can be substantial variation in response to these medications among patients, which may be due to genetic variation. For this reason pharmacogenomic studies are emerging across all aspects of cardiovascular medicine. The goal of pharmacogenomics is to tailor treatment to an individual’s genetic makeup in order to improve the benefit-to-risk ratio. This review examines the potential pharmacogenomic parameters which may lead to a future of personalized medicine. For example, it has been found that patients with CYP2C9 and VKORC1 gene variations have a different response to warfarin. Other studies looking at β-blockers, ACE inhibitors, ARBs, diuretics and statins have shown some results linking genetic variations to pharmacologic response. However these studies have not impacted clinical use yet, unlike warfarin findings, as the small retrospective studies need to be followed up by larger prospective studies for definitive results.Keywords: cardiovascular, pharmacogenomics, genetics, cardiovascular medicine, personalized medicine, polymorphism

  20. [TECOS: confirmation of the cardiovascular safety of sitaliptin].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Scheen, A J; Paquot, N

    2015-10-01

    The cardiovascular safety of sitagliptin has been evaluated in TECOS ("Trial Evaluating Cardiovascular Outcomes with Sitagliptin"). TECOS recruited patients with type 2 diabetes and a history of cardiovascular disease who received, as add-on to their usual therapy, either sitagliptin (n = 7.257) or placebo (n = 7.266), with a median follow-up of 3 years. The primary cardiovascular outcome was a composite of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for unstable angina. Sitagliptin was noninferior to placebo for the primary composite cardiovascular outcome (hazard ratio, 0.98; 95% confidence interval, 0.88 to 1.09; P<0.001). Rates of hospitalization for heart failure did not differ between the two groups (hazard ratio, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.20; P=0.98). The cardiovascular safety of sitagliptin, which was already shown in meta-analyses of phase II-III randomised controlled trials and in observational cohort studies in real life, is now confirmed in the landmark prospective cardiovascular outcome study TECOS.

  1. Influenza vaccines for preventing cardiovascular disease

    OpenAIRE

    Clar,Christine; Oseni,Zainab; Flowers,Nadine; Keshtkar-Jahromi,Maryam; Rees,Karen

    2015-01-01

    ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: This is an update of the original review published in 2008. The risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes is increased with influenza-like infection, and vaccination against influenza may improve cardiovascular outcomes.OBJECTIVES: To assess the potential benefits of influenza vaccination for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.METHODS:Search methods:We searched the following electronic databases on 18 October 2013: The Cochrane Library (including Coch...

  2. The PorX response regulator of the Porphyromonas gingivalis PorXY two-component system does not directly regulate the Type IX secretion genes but binds the PorL subunit.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maxence S Vincent

    2016-08-01

    Full Text Available The Type IX secretion system (T9SS is a versatile multi-protein complex restricted to bacteria of the Bacteriodetes phylum and responsible for the secretion of surface attachment of diverse proteins that participate to S-layer formation, gliding motility or pathogenesis. The T9SS is poorly characterized but a number of proteins involved in the assembly of the secretion apparatus in the oral pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis have been identified based on genome substractive analyses. Among these proteins, PorY and PorX encode typical two-component system (TCS sensor and CheY-like response regulator respectively. Although the porX and porY genes do not localize at the same genetic locus, it has been proposed that PorXY form a bona fide TCS. Deletion of the porX in P. gingivalis causes a slight decrease of the expression of a number of other T9SS genes, including sov, porT, porP, porK, porL, porM, porN and porY. Here, we show that PorX and the soluble cytoplasmic domain of PorY interact. Using electrophoretic mobility shift, DNA-protein co-purification and heterologous host expression assays, we showed that PorX does not bind and does not directly regulate expression of the T9SS genes. Finally, we show that PorX interacts with the cytoplasmic domain of PorL, a component of the T9SS membrane core complex and propose that the CheY-like PorX protein might be involved in the dynamics of the T9SS.

  3. The impact of cardiovascular disease prevalence on women's enrollment in landmark randomized cardiovascular trials: a systematic review.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tsang, Wendy; Alter, David A; Wijeysundera, Harindra C; Zhang, Tony; Ko, Dennis T

    2012-01-01

    Many studies have demonstrated that women are substantially underrepresented in cardiovascular trials, but few have considered that women develop cardiovascular disease at older ages than men. The extent to which observed gender enrollment inequalities persist after accounting for age-gender differences in disease prevalence is unknown. The purpose of the study was to compare observed rates of women participating in cardiovascular clinical trials with expected rates of female participation based on age- and gender-specific population disease prevalence. Publications between 1997 and 2009 in the three leading medical journals were included to calculate observed women's enrollment rates. Population-based data in Canada were used to determine the expected enrollment rates of women. Multicenter, randomized cardiovascular clinical trials that enrolled both men and women were analyzed. Two reviewers independently extracted data on women's enrollment and important clinical trial characteristics. The female enrollment rate was 30% in the included 325 trials, which ranged from 27% in trials of coronary artery disease, 27% in heart failure, 31% in arrhythmia, to 45% in primary prevention. Increased female enrollment correlated strongly with increasing age at recruitment in cardiovascular clinical trials (P disease prevalence, gaps in female enrollment were much lower than the expected enrollment rates estimated by 5% in coronary artery disease, 13% in heart failure, 9% in arrhythmia, and 3% in primary prevention. Only cardiovascular trials were evaluated in our study. Female underrepresentation in cardiovascular clinical trials is smaller than conventionally believed after accounting for age- and gender-specific population disease prevalence. Our findings suggest that greater representation of women in cardiovascular clinical trials can be achieved through the recruitment of older populations.

  4. Resting cardiovascular function improvements in adult men ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Impaired cardiovascular function increases the risk for fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular disease, renal disease and all-cause mortality. Research has demonstrated an inverse relationship between these cardiovascular impairments and exercise. However, previous research has mainly focused on aerobic training since ...

  5. Contracepção hormonal e sistema cardiovascular Contracepción hormonal y sistema cardiovascular Hormonal contraception and cardiovascular system

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Milena Bastos Brito

    2011-04-01

    Full Text Available A contracepção hormonal é o método mais utilizado para prevenção de gestações não planejadas. A literatura tem demonstrado associação entre risco cardiovascular e uso de hormonioterapia. A fim de melhorar a orientação contraceptiva para mulheres com fatores de risco para doença cardiovascular, realizamos uma revisão da literatura em relação ao assunto. Esta revisão descreve os dados mais recentes da literatura científica acerca da influência dos contraceptivos hormonais em relação a trombose venosa, arterial e hipertensão arterial sistêmica, doenças cada dia mais prevalentes na população feminina jovem.La contracepción hormonal es el método más utilizado para la prevención de los embarazos no planificados. La literatura ha venido demostrando la asociación que existe entre el riesgo cardiovascular y el uso de la hormonoterapia. Con el objetivo de mejorar la orientación en la contracepción en mujeres con factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de enfermedad cardiovascular, realizamos una revisión de la literatura con relación a ese asunto. Esa revisión describe los datos más recientes de la literatura científica acerca de la influencia de los anticonceptivos hormonales con relación a la trombosis venosa, arterial e hipertensión arterial sistémica, enfermedades cada día más prevalentes en la población femenina joven.Hormonal contraception is the most widely used method to prevent unplanned pregnancies. The literature has shown an association between cardiovascular risk and use of hormone therapy. With the purpose of providing better guidelines on contraception methods for women with risk factors for cardiovascular disease, we have reviewed the literature on the subject. This review describes the latest data from the scientific literature concerning the influence of hormonal contraceptives on arterial thrombosis, venous thrombosis and systemic high blood pressure, which are diseases that have become

  6. Prevalencia de dislipemia y riesgo cardiovascular elevado en pacientes con artritis reumatoide

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María Jezabel Haye Salinas

    2013-02-01

    Full Text Available Los objetivos del estudio fueron comparar la frecuencia de riesgo cardiovascular (CV elevado y dislipemia (DLP en pacientes con artritis reumatoide (AR y en controles, identificar variables de la enfermedad asociadas a DLP y estimar el porcentaje de pacientes con AR medicados para DLP. Estudio de corte transversal que incluyó 409 pacientes con AR y 624 controles. El riesgo CV se determinó con las clasificaciones NCEP y SCORE modificados por European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR. Para DLP se utilizó la definición de Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III. La frecuencia de riesgo CV elevado fue similar en pacientes con AR y controles excepto cuando fue definida por NCEP-EULAR (7% vs. 2%; p = 0.00002. La DLP fue encontrada en el 43% de los pacientes con AR y en el 47% de los controles (p = 0.15. Los pacientes con AR y DLP tuvieron más manifestaciones extra-articulares (36% vs. 24%; p = 0.01 y mayor velocidad de sedimentación globular (VSG (21 (13-35 vs. 18 (10-30 mm; p = 0.003. El tratamiento recibido para DLP varió según la definición utilizada (11% a 32%. Se encontró mayor riesgo CV en los pacientes con AR solo cuando se definió por NCEP- EULAR. Los pacientes con AR y DLP tuvieron mayor VSG y manifestaciones extra-articulares. La mayoría de los pacientes con AR y DLP no estaban recibiendo tratamiento hipolipemiante.

  7. Vitamin D, cardiovascular disease and risk factors

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Skaaby, Tea; Thuesen, Betina H.; Linneberg, Allan

    2017-01-01

    of vitamin D effects from a cardiovascular health perspective. It focuses on vitamin D in relation to cardiovascular disease, i.e. ischemic heart disease, and stroke; the traditional cardiovascular risk factors hypertension, abnormal blood lipids, obesity; and the emerging risk factors hyperparathyroidism......, microalbuminuria, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Meta-analyses of observational studies have largely found vitamin D levels to be inversely associated with cardiovascular risk and disease. However, Mendelian randomization studies and randomized, controlled trials...... (RCTs) have not been able to consistently replicate the observational findings. Several RCTs are ongoing, and the results from these are needed to clarify whether vitamin D deficiency is a causal and reversible factor to prevent cardiovascular disease....

  8. Racism and cardiovascular disease: implications for nursing.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jackson, Jennifer; McGibbon, Elizabeth; Waldron, Ingrid

    2013-01-01

    The social determinants of health (SDH) are recognized as a prominent influence on health outcomes across the lifespan. Racism is identified as a key SDH. In this article, the authors describe the concept of racism as an SDH, its impact in discriminatory actions and inactions, and the implications for cardiovascular nurses. Although research in Canada on the links among racism, stress, and cardiovascular disease is limited, there is growing evidence about the stress of racism and its long-term impact on cardiovascular health. The authors discuss how cardiovascular nursing could be enhanced through an understanding of racism-related stress, and race-based differences in cardiovascular care. The authors conclude with strategies for action to address this nursing concern.

  9. Consumo de ácidos grasos trans y riesgo cardiovascular Consumption of trans fatty acids and cardiovascular risk

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fernando Manzur J

    2009-06-01

    Full Text Available Los ácidos grasos con configuración trans poco se encuentran en los alimentos de manera natural, sino que se incorporan a éstos como consecuencia de modificaciones principalmente debidas a los procesos industriales de hidrogenación a que se someten los aceites para convertirlos en grasas sólidas. Aún cuando su estructura incluye dobles enlaces, el tipo de configuración permite un comportamiento biológico similar al de los ácidos grasos saturados, con efectos negativos sobre múltiples funciones celulares. La evidencia demuestra que son perjudiciales para la salud, en especial a lo que se refiere a riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular, razón por la cual es importante disminuir su consumo. Teniendo en consideración la evidencia obtenida de investigaciones sobre las alteraciones del metabolismo producidas por los ácidos grasos trans, es posible plantear una precaución lógica hacia el consumo de dietas ricas en dichos ácidos. Sus efectos deletéreos serían incluso peores en aquellas poblaciones que consumen bajas cantidades de ácidos grasos esenciales. De ahí surge la importancia de iniciar con prontitud políticas sanitarias orientadas a controlar la aterosclerosis en nuestro país. Las mismas deben estar necesariamente sustentadas sobre un conocimiento profundo de las características o condiciones particulares a las que nuestra población se encuentra sometida. Sólo así podrá darse inicio a una intervención efectiva sobre nuestros cuestionados hábitos alimentarios.Trans fatty acids are scarcely found naturally in food; they are incorporated to it as a result of modifications mainly due to hydrogenation industrial processes to which oils are submitted in order to obtain solid fats. Even when its structure includes double bonds, the type of configuration allows a biological behavior similar to that of saturated fatty acids, with negative effects on multiple cellular functions. The evidence shows that they are harmful to health

  10. The PorX Response Regulator of the Porphyromonas gingivalis PorXY Two-Component System Does Not Directly Regulate the Type IX Secretion Genes but Binds the PorL Subunit

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vincent, Maxence S.; Durand, Eric; Cascales, Eric

    2016-01-01

    The Type IX secretion system (T9SS) is a versatile multi-protein complex restricted to bacteria of the Bacteriodetes phylum and responsible for the secretion or cell surface exposition of diverse proteins that participate to S-layer formation, gliding motility or pathogenesis. The T9SS is poorly characterized but a number of proteins involved in the assembly of the secretion apparatus in the oral pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis have been identified based on genome substractive analyses. Among these proteins, PorY, and PorX encode typical two-component system (TCS) sensor and CheY-like response regulator respectively. Although the porX and porY genes do not localize at the same genetic locus, it has been proposed that PorXY form a bona fide TCS. Deletion of porX in P. gingivalis causes a slight decrease of the expression of a number of other T9SS genes, including sov, porT, porP, porK, porL, porM, porN, and porY. Here, we show that PorX and the soluble cytoplasmic domain of PorY interact. Using electrophoretic mobility shift, DNA-protein co-purification and heterologous host expression assays, we demonstrate that PorX does not bind T9SS gene promoters and does not directly regulate expression of the T9SS genes. Finally, we show that PorX interacts with the cytoplasmic domain of PorL, a component of the T9SS membrane core complex and propose that the CheY-like PorX protein might be involved in the dynamics of the T9SS. PMID:27630829

  11. Educational differences in cardiovascular mortality

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Kjøllesdal, M. K. R.; Ariansen, I.; Mortensen, L. H.

    2016-01-01

    Aims: To explore the confounding effects of early family factors shared by siblings and cardiovascular risk factors in midlife on the educational differences in mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: Data from national and regional health surveys in Norway (1974–2003) were linked...

  12. Adherencia a tratamientos en pacientes con factores de riesgo cardiovascular

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    INNA ELIDA FLÓREZ TORRES

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Describir los factores que influyen en la adherencia a los tratamientos en pacientes con factores de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular de un hospital de tercer nivel de la ciudad de Cartagena, Colombia. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo-metodológico, realizado con 293 pacientes inscritos en los programas de hipertensión y diabetes. Se aplicó el instrumento diseñado por Bonilla y De Reales para evaluar los factores que influyen en la adherencia a los tratamientos, al cual se le realizaron pruebas de validación que arrojaron una buena confiabilidad dada por un alfa de Cronbach de 0,79 para la calificación total del instrumento y un coeficiente de correlación test-retest (Sperman, estadísticamente significativo. Resultados: Globalmente, el 88% de los pacientes se encontró en la categoría sin riesgo de no adherirse a los tratamientos, un 12%, en riesgo moderado. Conclusiones: los factores que favorecieron la adherencia, fueron la disponibilidad de recursos económicos para satisfacer las necesidades básicas, redes de apoyo familiares y un sistema y equipo de salud organizado. El riesgo moderado de no adherencia, se relacionó con las intervenciones del equipo de salud, entre éstas, falta de orientaciones sobre la forma de ajustar los horarios de los medicamentos, carencia de recomendaciones escritas sobre el tratamiento, confusión por cambios del médico, y percepción de gravedad de la enfermedad. Estos hallazgos apoyan la necesidad de implementar procesos de formación e investigación a nivel institucional y académico que preparen a los profesionales en el abordaje de la problemática de la no adherencia en enfermedades crónicas.

  13. Post-traumatic stress disorder and cardiovascular disease.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Edmondson, Donald; von Känel, Roland

    2017-04-01

    In this paper, a first in a Series of two, we look at the evidence for an association of post-traumatic stress disorder with incident cardiovascular disease risk and the mechanisms that might cause this association, as well as the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder due to cardiovascular disease events and its associated prognostic risk. We discuss research done after the publication of previous relevant systematic reviews, and survey currently funded research from the two most active funders in the field: the National Institutes of Health and the US Veterans Administration. We conclude that post-traumatic stress disorder is a risk factor for incident cardiovascular disease, and a common psychiatric consequence of cardiovascular disease events that might worsen the prognosis of the cardiovascular disease. There are many candidate mechanisms for the link between post-traumatic stress disorder and cardiovascular disease, and several ongoing studies could soon point to the most important behavioural and physiological mechanisms to target in early phase intervention development. Similarly, targets are emerging for individual and environmental interventions that might offset the risk of post-traumatic stress disorder after cardiovascular disease events. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  14. PPARs and the Cardiovascular System

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hamblin, Milton; Chang, Lin; Fan, Yanbo; Zhang, Jifeng

    2009-01-01

    Abstract Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) belong to the nuclear hormone-receptor superfamily. Originally cloned in 1990, PPARs were found to be mediators of pharmacologic agents that induce hepatocyte peroxisome proliferation. PPARs also are expressed in cells of the cardiovascular system. PPARγ appears to be highly expressed during atherosclerotic lesion formation, suggesting that increased PPARγ expression may be a vascular compensatory response. Also, ligand-activated PPARγ decreases the inflammatory response in cardiovascular cells, particularly in endothelial cells. PPARα, similar to PPARγ, also has pleiotropic effects in the cardiovascular system, including antiinflammatory and antiatherosclerotic properties. PPARα activation inhibits vascular smooth muscle proinflammatory responses, attenuating the development of atherosclerosis. However, PPARδ overexpression may lead to elevated macrophage inflammation and atherosclerosis. Conversely, PPARδ ligands are shown to attenuate the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis by improving endothelial cell proliferation and survival while decreasing endothelial cell inflammation and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. Furthermore, the administration of PPAR ligands in the form of TZDs and fibrates has been disappointing in terms of markedly reducing cardiovascular events in the clinical setting. Therefore, a better understanding of PPAR-dependent and -independent signaling will provide the foundation for future research on the role of PPARs in human cardiovascular biology. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 11, 1415–1452. PMID:19061437

  15. Cardiovascular Safety Pharmacology of Sibutramine.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yun, Jaesuk; Chung, Eunyong; Choi, Ki Hwan; Cho, Dae Hyun; Song, Yun Jeong; Han, Kyoung Moon; Cha, Hey Jin; Shin, Ji Soon; Seong, Won-Keun; Kim, Young-Hoon; Kim, Hyung Soo

    2015-07-01

    Sibutramine is an anorectic that has been banned since 2010 due to cardiovascular safety issues. However, counterfeit drugs or slimming products that include sibutramine are still available in the market. It has been reported that illegal sibutramine-contained pharmaceutical products induce cardiovascular crisis. However, the mechanism underlying sibutramine-induced cardiovascular adverse effect has not been fully evaluated yet. In this study, we performed cardiovascular safety pharmacology studies of sibutramine systemically using by hERG channel inhibition, action potential duration, and telemetry assays. Sibutramine inhibited hERG channel current of HEK293 cells with an IC50 of 3.92 μM in patch clamp assay and increased the heart rate and blood pressure (76 Δbpm in heart rate and 51 ΔmmHg in blood pressure) in beagle dogs at a dose of 30 mg/kg (per oral), while it shortened action potential duration (at 10 μM and 30 μM, resulted in 15% and 29% decreases in APD50, and 9% and 17% decreases in APD90, respectively) in the Purkinje fibers of rabbits and had no effects on the QTc interval in beagle dogs. These results suggest that sibutramine has a considerable adverse effect on the cardiovascular system and may contribute to accurate drug safety regulation.

  16. Cardiovascular Risk in Primary Hyperaldosteronism.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Prejbisz, A; Warchoł-Celińska, E; Lenders, J W M; Januszewicz, A

    2015-12-01

    After the first cases of primary aldosteronism were described and characterized by Conn, a substantial body of experimental and clinical evidence about the long-term effects of excess aldosterone on the cardiovascular system was gathered over the last 5 decades. The prevalence of primary aldosteronism varies considerably between different studies among hypertensive patients, depending on patient selection, the used diagnostic methods, and the severity of hypertension. Prevalence rates vary from 4.6 to 16.6% in those studies in which confirmatory tests to diagnose primary aldosteronism were used. There is also growing evidence indicating that prolonged exposure to elevated aldosterone concentrations is associated with target organ damage in the heart, kidney, and arterial wall, and high cardiovascular risk in patients with primary aldosteronism. Therefore, the aim of treatment should not be confined to BP normalization and hypokalemia correction, but rather should focus on restoring the deleterious effects of excess aldosterone on the cardiovascular system. Current evidence convincingly demonstrates that both surgical and medical treatment strategies beneficially affect cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in the long term. Further studies can be expected to provide better insight into the relationship between cardiovascular risk and complications and the genetic background of primary aldosteronism. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

  17. Ideal cardiovascular health and risk of cardiovascular events in the EPIC-Norfolk prospective population study

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Lachman, Sangeeta; Peters, Ron Jg; Lentjes, Marleen Ah; Mulligan, Angela A.; Luben, Robert N.; Wareham, Nicholas J.; Khaw, Kay-Tee; Boekholdt, S. Matthijs

    2016-01-01

    The American Heart Association has prioritised seven cardiovascular health metrics to reduce the cardiovascular burden, including: body mass index, healthy diet, physical activity, smoking status, blood pressure, glycated haemoglobin A1c and total cholesterol. The aim of the current study was to

  18. Excesso de peso e o risco cardiovascular em jovens seguidos por 17 anos: estudo do Rio de Janeiro El exceso de peso y el riesgo cardiovascular en jóvenes seguidos durante 17 años: estudio del Rio de Janeiro Overweight and cardiovascular risk among young adults followed-up for 17 years: the Rio de Janeiro study, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Flávia Lopes Fonseca

    2010-02-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: A adoção de medidas de prevenção primária em jovens é de potencial impacto favorável no cenário das doenças cardiovasculares. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a pressão arterial (PA e variáveis de risco cardiovascular em jovens estratificados pelo comportamento do índice de massa corporal (IMC obtido ao longo de 17 anos, desde a infância/adolescência (I/A. MÉTODOS: Três avaliações foram feitas em 115 indivíduos pertencentes à coorte do Estudo do Rio de Janeiro: A1:12,97 ± 1,48 anos; A2:21,90 ± 1,71 anos; A3:30,65 ± 2,00 anos e divididos em três grupos segundo o IMC nas três avaliações: Grupo N (IMC sempre normal; n=46, Grupo L (IMC variável; n=49 e Grupo S/O (IMC sempre aumentado; n=20. Em A1, A2 e A3 foram obtidos PA e IMC. Em A2 e A3, dosados glicose (G e perfil lipídico. Ainda em A2, dosada insulina (INS e calculado HOMA-IR. Em A3 acrescentou-se medida da circunferência abdominal (CA, relação abdômen/quadril (RAQ e percentual de gordura corporal (%GC. RESULTADOS: 1 Grupo S/O apresentou maiores médias de PA aumentada (pFUNDAMENTO: La adopción de medidas de prevención primaria en jóvenes es de potencial impacto favorable en el escenario de las enfermedades cardiovasculares. OBJETIVO: Evaluar la presión arterial (PA y variables de riesgo cardiovascular en jóvenes estratificados por el comportamiento del índice de masa corporal (IMC obtenido a lo largo de 17 años, desde la infancia/adolescencia (I/A. MÉTODOS: Tres evaluaciones se llevaron a cabo en 115 individuos pertenecientes a la cohorte del Estudio del Rio de Janeiro: A1:12,97 ± 1,48 años; A2:21,90 ± 1,71 años; A3:30,65 ± 2,00 años y divididos en tres grupos segundo el IMC en las tres evaluaciones: Grupo N (IMC siempre normal; n=46, Grupo L (IMC variable; n=49 y Grupo S/O (IMC siempre aumentado; n=20. En A1, A2 y A3 se obtuvieron PA e IMC. En A2 y A3, dosificados glucosa (G y perfil lipídico. Todavía en A2, dosificada la insulina (INS y calculado

  19. Freqüência de doença cardiovascular aterosclerótica e de seus fatores de risco em pacientes com lúpus eritematoso sistêmico Frequency of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and its risk factors in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rosa Weiss Telles

    2007-06-01

    Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: a patogênese da doença arterial coronariana no lúpus eritematoso sistêmico não está completamente estabelecida, porém fatores relacionados ao lúpus e ao seu tratamento parecem se associar à presença de fatores de risco tradicionais. Esses fatores de risco estão presentes em indivíduos com lúpus em uma freqüência maior em relação à população geral e correlacionam-se à presença de doença cardiovascular manifesta nessa população. OBJETIVOS: determinar a freqüência da doença cardiovascular manifesta e dos fatores de risco em pacientes com lúpus acompanhados no Serviço de Reumatologia do Hospital das Clínicas da UFMG. MÉTODOS: avaliação transversal de 172 pacientes com lúpus. Eventos cardiovasculares, fatores de risco tradicionais e manifestações clínico-laboratoriais do lúpus foram avaliados. RESULTADOS: a média de idade (DP foi de 38,5 anos (11,2 anos: a maioria do sexo feminino (95,9% e da etnia não-branca (64,5%. Identificou-se doença cardiovascular em oito pacientes (4,7%, com 11 diagnósticos diferentes. Três apresentaram evento coronariano; três, acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico; e cinco, doença arterial periférica. O fator de risco mais freqüente foi hipertensão arterial sistêmica (48,8%, seguido por dislipidemia em 70 (40,7% pacientes e hipertrigliceridemia em 51 (29,7%. O c-LDL > 100 mg/dl foi encontrado em 77 (44,8% pacientes. Entre as 165 pacientes do sexo feminino, 67 (40,6% encontravam-se na pós-menopausa, e 43,3% tiveram o diagnóstico de menopausa precoce. CONCLUSÕES: o presente estudo descreve a freqüência dos fatores de risco para doença arterial coronariana em uma amostra significativa de pacientes brasileiros com lúpus. A importância do reconhecimento de tais fatores encontra-se na possibilidade de modificação e tratamento de alguns deles. O impacto da identificação e do tratamento de fatores de risco em pacientes com lúpus para prevenção de eventos

  20. Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in a Colombian Population With Psoriasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Argote, A; Mora-Hernández, O; Milena Aponte, L; Barrera-Chaparro, D I; Muñoz-Ruiz, L M; Giraldo-Mordecay, L; Camargo, D

    2017-10-01

    Psoriasis is now known to have a clear association with metabolic syndrome and its components. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) and increased carotid intima-media thickness in psoriasis patients seen in the dermatology department of a quaternary hospital. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of psoriasis patients aged over 18 years seen in the dermatology department of Hospital de San José in Bogota, Colombia, between March and August, 2015. Directed medical history and physical examination were performed to detect CVRFs, laboratory studies to exclude metabolic syndrome, and ultrasound examination to measure carotid intima-media thickness. Forty patients with psoriasis were included in the study. The prevalence of the distinct CVRFs was 35% for systemic hypertension, 17.5% for dyslipidemia, 17.5% for smoking, and 10% for type 2 diabetes mellitus. A history of acute myocardial infarction was detected in 12.5% of patients. Metabolic syndrome was found in 20 patients (50%), and blood biochemistry revealed dyslipidemia in 32 patients (80%). Based on the Framingham score, the cardiovascular risk was low in 11 patients (31.4%), intermediate in 22 (62.8%), and high in 2 (5.7%). Mean (SD) carotid intima-media thickness was 0.7 (0.12) mm, with thickening observed in 6 patients (15%). This study provides evidence of the high prevalence of CVRFs in psoriasis patients and indicates the need for strict clinical control to monitor cardiovascular risk in this population. Copyright © 2017 AEDV. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.