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Sample records for candidiasis multifocal bucal

  1. Prevalencia de Candidiasis Bucal en pacientes VIH/SIDA: Estudio retrospectivo

    OpenAIRE

    Tovar, V; Albornoz, E; Guerra, M; Lazarde, J

    2004-01-01

    El objetivo de este trabajo fue conocer la prevalencia de Candidiasis Bucal en un grupo de pacientes VIH/SIDA que acudieron al Servicio de Atención a Pacientes con Enfermedades Infectocontagiosas (SAPEI) de la Facultad de Odontología de la UCV. Se estudiaron 509 pacientes de los cuales 151 pacientes al examen clínico presentaron lesiones bucales de Candidiasis, de estos, 119 eran hombres y 32 mujeres, con un rango de edades entre 19 y 64 años y un promedio de 38,12 años. Los pacientes fueron ...

  2. La candidiasis como manifestación bucal en el SIDA

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    Elena Morán López

    2001-04-01

    Full Text Available El Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida (SIDA es un proceso patológico detectado por vez primera en los Estados Unidos de América en 1981 (aunque se plantea que su origen geográfico está en África. Adquiere, de inmediato, un carácter epidémico explosivo, que luego se extiende a otras partes del mundo y comienza a adoptar el carácter de un grave problema de salud mundial. Los seres humanos viven en armonía relativa con una serie de virus, bacterias, parásitos y hongos que no causan enfermedades a las personas sanas cuyas defensas inmunológicas están intactas, pero estos microorganismos pueden aprovecharse de un sistema inmunitario debilitado, como el de una persona infectada por el Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana (VIH. Las infecciones que ocasionan reciben el nombre de infecciones oportunistas, dentro de las cuales se encuentra la candidiasis, que es una infección fúngica causada por cualquiera de las especies del género Candida. En pacientes con VIH, la infección oportunista más frecuente es la Candida y de ésta la especie que más prevalece es la Candida albicans. La candidiasis más común es la seudomembranosa, localizada generalmente en la lengua, paladar duro y blando y la mucosa del carrillo. Las manifestaciones clínicas más frecuentes de la candidiasis son las infecciones por Candida de la cavidad bucal y el esófago. En los pacientes infectados por el VIH, asintomáticos, la presencia de candidiasis bucal suele anunciar la transición hacia el SIDA. El odontólogo puede reconocerla en sus diferentes formas de presentación y muchas veces, a través de su presencia, puede hacer diagnóstico precoz de enfermedades como el SIDA.Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome is a pathological process detected for the first time in 1981 in the United States (although its geographic origin is said to be in Africa. It immediately acquired an explosive epidemic character that was later extended to other parts of the world and began

  3. Asociación de LT-CD4 y carga viral con candidiasis bucal en pacientes VIH/SIDA en Talca, Chile Association between LT-CD4 and the viral load with oral candidiasis in HIV/AIDS patients in Talca, Chile

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    Pedro Brevis Azocar

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available La candidiasis bucal aparece con frecuencia en las personas infectadas por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH y puede causar diversas manifestaciones clínicas y complicaciones. En los pacientes VIH la carga viral es considerada uno de los principales predictores en la progresión de la enfermedad. Se realizó un estudio en 29 pacientes adultos VIH-positivos para evaluar los niveles de linfocitos T-CD4 y carga viral; se estableció una relación con las manifestaciones de la candidiasis bucal. El análisis estadístico mostró que hubo relación entre la manifestación de la candidiasis bucal y la carga viral, pues en pacientes con cargas virales superiores a 10 000 copias/mL, las lesiones fueron más frecuentes.Oral candidiasis is frequently appearing in persons infected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV and may to cause many clinical and complications manifestations. In HIV patients the viral load is considered one of the main predictors in disease progression. A study was conducted in 29 HIV-positive adult patients to assess the T-CD4 lymphocyte levels and the viral load establishing a relationship with oral candidiasis manifestations. The statistical analysis showed that there was a relationship between the oral candidiasis manifestation and the viral load since in patients with viral load higher than 10 000 copies/mL, lesions were more frequent.

  4. Manifestaciones bucales del maltrato físico. Reporte de caso

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    Mariana Gamboa

    2013-07-01

    Full Text Available El Odontopediatra como profesional de la salud puede detectar inicialmente signos y síntomas de maltrato físico por las lesiones buco-faciales que presente un niño. En ocasiones estas señales no pueden ser percibidas a causa de la falta de conocimiento sobre maltrato y abandono infantil. Dentro del maltrato infantil se describen manifestaciones bucales entre las cuales no se menciona la candidiasis bucal El caso clínico motivo de estudio se refiere a un lactante que presentó inicialmente una candidiasis bucal generalizada, que por su complicación derivo en hospitalización, a pesar del tratamiento intrahospitalario progresó a un absceso y posteriomente a una celulitis facial de origen desconocido. Se sospechó que la candidiasis bucal era un signo temprano de una manifestación bucal del Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana (VIH, cuyo diagnóstico fue descartado mediante pruebas de biología molecular Reacción en Cadena a la Polimerasa (PCR para VIH

  5. Clinical, therapeutic, and pathogenic aspects of chronic oral multifocal candidiasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Holmstrup, P; Bessermann, M

    1983-10-01

    In 32 patients (11 females, 21 males) the diagnosis of chronic oral multifocal candidiasis was established on the basis of erythematous, plaquelike, or nodular lesions in two or more of the following locations: commissural area, palate, or dorsum of the tongue. Hyphae and/or pseudohyphae of Candida-like organisms were demonstrated in PAS-stained smears from all lesions. Ninety-seven separate lesions were registered. Thirty patients experienced pain, burning, or itching from affected areas. All of the patients were tobacco smokers, and 21 were denture wearers. The patients were treated with antimycotics; the median length of treatment was 46 days for denture wearers and 44 days for nondenture wearers. After antimycotic therapy the change in the lesions followed certain patterns which were determined by the original type of lesion. Palatal lesions in nondenture wearers and nodular lesions of the commissural areas showed the highest recurrence rate after 6 and 12 months. The pathogenic role of tobacco and other factors in the development of candidal infection are discussed.

  6. Comportamiento clínico epidemiológico de las lesiones bucales en pacientes VIH/SIDA. Artemisa. Enero-Abril 2015

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    Arahí Gómez Casañas

    2016-02-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Caracterizar el comportamiento clínico epidemiológico de las lesiones bucales en los pacientes con diagnóstico serológico confirmado de VIH/SIDA, para determinar la prevalencia de lesiones bucales en la población estudiada. Caracterizar la población de estudio según sexo, edad, tiempo de diagnóstico, presencia y tipo de lesiones bucales. Método: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal, con los pacientes diagnosticados con VIH/SIDA que acudieron a su consulta de seguimiento del policlínico Tomás Romay, Artemisa en el período de Enero -Abril de 2015, el universo fue de 69 pacientes con diagnóstico confirmado de VIH/SIDA, se tomó una muestra de 25 pacientes que cumplían los criterios de inclusión. Se les realizó un exhaustivo interrogatorio y examen clínico bucal, previo consentimiento informado de los pacientes. Resultados: Del total de pacientes estudiados, el 64% presentó alguna lesión bucal; el 72% de la muestra perteneció al sexo masculino y al grupo de edad de 26 a 35 años; las lesiones bucales predominantes fueron la candidiasis bucal (24.0% seguido del eritema gingival lineal (12.0% ubicándose el mayor número de pacientes con estas lesiones (16%, en el grupo de más de 5 años de diagnóstico. Conclusiones: Se encontró una elevada prevalencia de lesiones bucales en la población objeto de estudio, con predominio del sexo masculino, en el grupo de edad de 26 a 35 años, siendo la candidiasis bucal y el eritema gingival lineal, las dos lesiones más frecuentemente encontradas en la muestra.

  7. Problemas de salud bucal relacionados al uso de medicamentos por vía inhalatoria en trastornos respiratorios

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    Rosemarie Huartamendia

    Full Text Available En el Uruguay la prevalencia de niños con problemas respiratorios no infecciosos es alta. El tratamiento medicamentoso de esas afecciones puede tener un impacto negativo en la salud bucal. El objetivo del presente estudio fue profundizar en los conocimientos sobre el asma en niños y adolescentes, de los fámacos y dispositivos terapéuticos utilizados y relacionarlos con los eventos adversos observados a nivel bucal. La revisión bibliográfica realizada demuestra que el uso de medicació por vía inhalatoria para las afecciones respiratorias no infecciosas se relaciona con reacciones adversas como la erosión, caries dental, gingivitis, halitosis, candidiasis y xerostomía. El relevamiento realizado en pacientes del Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell (2009-2010 mostró una correlación positiva entre los datos de la bibliografía revisada y lo observado en la clínica. Teniendo en cuenta estos antecedentes, es de importancia que el equipo de salud reconozca a la población que utiliza inhaladores como de alto riesgo potencial para el desarrollo de patologías bucales, enfatizando la necesidad de contar con programas educativo-preventivos específicos. La atención para la salud de los pacientes portadores de afecciones respiratorias requiere de un abordaje multidisciplinario

  8. Salud bucal y embarazo

    OpenAIRE

    Marrero Fente, Ana; López Cruz, Ernesto; Castells Zayas Bazán, Silvia; Agüero Díaz, Alejandro

    2003-01-01

    Durante el embarazo se suceden un conjunto de cambios en la mujer que deben tenerse en cuenta. Estos cambios se manifiestan en la cavidad bucal y requieren determinados cuidados estomatológicos en las gestantes. A los efectos de contribuir a la promoción de la salud y la prevención de enfermedades bucales de este importante grupo de la atención estomatológica, se realizó una revisión bibliográfica sobre el embarazo y la salud bucal. Se describen los principales cambios fisiológicos y psicológ...

  9. Inmunidad bucal en la primera infancia

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    Enrique Rotemberg Wilf

    Full Text Available La aparición precoz de enfermedades bucales infecciosas y transmisibles en niños, como caries dentales y enfermedad periodontal, resulta de un desequilibrio entre los mecanismos defensivos del huésped y la virulencia de microorganismos presentes en el medio bucal, a favor de estos últimos. La erupción dentaria que comienza desde el primer año de vida brinda nuevos hábitat a las bacterias en el medio bucal como la superficie del esmalte dental y el surco gingival en el paradencio de inserción dentaria, propicios para el desarrollo de especies bacterianas cariogénicas y/o paradenciopáticas. Este desarrollo es favorecido por condiciones adversas como dieta rica en azúcares fermentables, higiene bucal deficitaria, malposiciones dentarias, escasa secreción salival, hábitos prolongados nocivos como succión no nutritiva, respiración bucal, masticación mínima por ingesta de alimentos que casi no requieren procesamiento para ser deglutidos. Es prioritario controlar los circuitos de infectividad bucal, especialmente durante la primera infancia, cuando el sistema inmune del niño aún está inmaduro y comienza a tomar contacto con antígenos. La madre por el estrecho vínculo físico con su hijo resulta el principal transmisor de gérmenes, sumado a la fase de reconocimiento oral del niño de su propio cuerpo y el entorno. Pese a ello el niño cuenta desde el nacimiento con mecanismos de defensa innatos y otros adquiridos pasivamente en la gestación y a través de la lactancia materna, que dificultan el desarrollo de enfermedades infecciosas bucales y sistémicas

  10. Candidiasis

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases Mycotic Diseases Branch Candidiasis Recommend on Facebook Tweet Share Compartir Photomicrograph of ... topics, visit the fungal diseases homepage. Types of Candidiasis Candida infections of the mouth, throat, and esophagus ...

  11. Mucocutaneous candidiasis in a mandrill (Mandrillus sphinx).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zöller, M; Silinski, S; Ludwig, C; Weig, M; Mätz-Rensing, K; Kaup, F-J

    2012-01-01

    An adult male mandrill (Mandrillus sphinx) suffered from chronic ulceration of the facial and gluteal skin and the oral and nasal mucosa. The ulcers were resistant to therapy and led to deterioration in the general condition of the animal. Microscopical examination revealed a severe, chronic, multifocal, granulomatous and eosinophilic dermatitis and panniculitis. There was also stomatitis and rhinitis with numerous intralesional fungal elements. These organisms were identified by immunohistochemistry, transmission electron microscopy, polymerase chain reaction and fungal culture as Candida albicans. Species identification was confirmed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. A specific predisposing immunosuppressive factor for the deep chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis was not identified; however, social stress and/or a primary defect in cell-mediated immunity could not be excluded as possible causes for a predisposing immunodeficiency in the animal. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  12. Cirugía Bucal (2011/2012)

    OpenAIRE

    2011-01-01

    La asignatura de Cirugía Bucal con código de la asignatura 34715 forma parte de la materia troncal Patología médico-quirúrgica en la Licenciatura de Odontología, de periodicidad anual. El programa se imparte a los alumnos de 3º de Odontología de la Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía Bucal de la Universidad de Valencia.

  13. Invasive Candidiasis

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    ... Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases Mycotic Diseases Branch Invasive Candidiasis Recommend on Facebook Tweet Share Compartir Global Emergence ... antifungal drugs. Learn more about C. auris Invasive candidiasis is an infection caused by a yeast (a ...

  14. Candida albicans isoladas da cavidade bucal de crianças com síndrome de Down: ocorrência e inibição do crescimento por Streptomyces sp Candida albicans isolated from buccal cavity of children with Down's syndrome: occurrence and growth inhibition by Streptomyces sp

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    José Daniel Gonçalves Vieira

    2005-10-01

    Full Text Available Comparação entre a presença de leveduras de Candida na cavidade bucal de crianças sem e com síndrome de Down mostrou-se estatisticamente significante no caso de crianças afetadas por esta cromossomopatia, tornando-as mais predispostas à candidíase bucal, provavelmente favorecida pelas alterações anátomo-fisiológicas da boca em decorrência da trissomia do cromossomo 21. Recidivas constantes de candidíase bucal em crianças portadoras desta alteração cromossômica levou a busca de prováveis alternativas terapêuticas. Visando determinar a atividade antifúngica de Streptomyces sp isolados de diferentes solos brasileiros, 5 cepas foram testadas frente a Candida albicans, oriundas da cavidade bucal de crianças com síndrome de Down. Observou-se que os isolados apresentaram uma diversidade de tamanho dos halos (9-31mm de diâmetro de inibição de crescimento das leveduras, sugerindo uma possível utilização em terapêutica antifúngica.Comparison of the presence of Candida yeasts in the buccal cavity of children without and with Down's syndrome showed a statistically significant difference in the case of children that were affected by this chromosomopathy, rendering them more predisposed to buccal candidiasis, probably due to anatomicophysiologic alterations of the mouth resulting from trisomy of chromosome 21. Constant recurrence of buccal candidiasis in children with this chromosomal alteration lead to the search for a possible therapeutic alternative. Seeking to determine the antifungal activity of Streptomyces sp isolated from various Brazilian soils, 5 strains have been tested for Candida albicans isolated from the buccal cavity of children with Down's syndrome. It was observed that the isolate presented a diversity in the size of the halos (9-31mm in diameter of growth inhibition of the yeasts, suggesting a possible use as a therapeutic antifungal.

  15. Oropharyngeal/Esophageal Candidiasis ("Thrush")

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... mouth, throat, or esophagus. Risk & Prevention Who gets candidiasis in the mouth, throat, or esophagus? Candidiasis in ... the mouth and throat. How can I prevent candidiasis in the mouth, throat, or esophagus? Ways to ...

  16. Genital/Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (VVC)

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    ... to treat it. Risk & Prevention Who gets vaginal candidiasis? Vaginal candidiasis is common, though more research is needed ... have recently taken antibiotics How can I prevent vaginal candidiasis? Wearing cotton underwear might help reduce the chances ...

  17. Oropharyngeal candidiasis and radiotherapy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Pinel, B.; Cassou-Mounat, T.; Bensadoun, R.J.

    2012-01-01

    The oropharyngeal candidiasis is a common condition in cancer patients treated by irradiation, during and after their treatment. For example, almost 70% of patients treated with chemo-radiation for head and neck cancer are colonized, and 40% of symptomatic patients have an oropharyngeal candidiasis. Furthermore, we noticed an increase in non-albicans Candida strains, which are present in almost 50% of samples. Cancer treatments, especially radiation therapy, and co-morbidities are risk factors of oropharyngeal candidiasis. Oropharyngeal candidiasis has substantial effects on quality of life, and may limit treatment. Epidemiologic data, physiopathology, clinical diagnosis criteria, consequences and treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis will be discussed in this article. (authors)

  18. Desigualdades na autoavaliacao da saude bucal em adultos

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    Carla Antoni Luchi

    2013-08-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO Analisar a associação entre autoavaliação da saúde bucal em adultos e desigualdades sociodemográficas. MÉTODOS Estudo transversal com 2.016 adultos de 20 a 59 anos de idade, de Florianópolis, SC, em 2009. A amostra foi obtida por duplo estágio (setores censitários e domicílios. Os dados foram coletados por entrevistas domiciliares face a face. O desfecho foi autoavaliação da saúde bucal. As variáveis exploratórias foram caracterizadas em blocos demográficos, socioeconômicos, de utilização de serviços e de condições bucais autorreferidas. Foi realizada análise de regressão multivariável de Poisson e estimadas as razões de prevalências e respectivos intervalos de 95% de confiança. RESULTADOS A prevalência de autoavaliação negativa da saúde bucal foi de 33,2% (IC95% 29,8;36,6. Idade avançada, referir-se como pardo, possuir menor escolaridade, ter consultado o dentista há três anos ou mais, ter realizado a última consulta em consultório público, possuir menos de dez dentes naturais presentes em pelo menos um arco, perceber necessidade de tratamento odontológico, apresentar sensação de boca seca e dificuldade de alimentação em virtude dos dentes foram associados à autoavaliação negativa da saúde bucal na análise ajustada. CONCLUSÕES A autoavaliação da saúde bucal reflete as desigualdades em saúde e está relacionada às piores condições socioeconômicas, menor uso de serviços de saúde e pior condição bucal autorreferida.

  19. El embarazo: Su relación con la salud bucal

    OpenAIRE

    Hilda Elia Rodríguez Chala; Melvis López Santana

    2003-01-01

    Se abordan las transformaciones ocurridas en las gestantes que condicionan la aparición o desarrollo de enfermedades bucales. Variaciones en los niveles de hormonas sexuales femeninas, siliva, microorganismos, dieta, entre otros, constituyen factores que pueden incidir en el desarrollo de enfermedades bucales, que debemos tener en cuenta durante la gestación. El tejido dentario, los de soporte y sostén del diente, la mucosa bucal entre otros, son los más vulnerables a ser afectados por estos ...

  20. [Oropharyngeal candidiasis and radiotherapy].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pinel, B; Cassou-Mounat, T; Bensadoun, R-J

    2012-05-01

    The oropharyngeal candidiasis is a common condition in cancer patients treated by irradiation, during and after their treatment. For example, almost 70% of patients treated with chemoradiation for head and neck cancer are colonized, and 40% of symptomatic patients have an oropharyngeal candidiasis. Furthermore, we noticed an increase in non-albicans Candida strains, which are present in almost 50% of samples. Cancer treatments, especially radiation therapy, and comorbidities are risk factors of oropharyngeal candidiasis. Oropharyngeal candidiasis has substantial effects on quality of life, and may limit treatment. Epidemiologic data, physiopathology, clinical diagnosis criteria, consequences and treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis will be discussed in this article. Copyright © 2012 Société française de radiothérapie oncologique (SFRO). Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.

  1. Percepción en la salud bucal de adolescentes embarazadas

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    Maria Luiza da Matta Felisberto Fernandes

    2012-02-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Verificar la interferencia del embarazo en las percepciones en salud bucal de adolescentes embarazadas de 12 a 18 años, con baja condición socio-económica, residentes en Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cualitativo con las adolescentes (n=60 divididas en dos grupos: embarazada (n=30 o no embarazada (n=30. Entre las gestantes, diez estaban en el primer trimestre de gestación, trece en el segundo, y siete en el último trimestre de gestación. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de entrevistas individuales. Se realizó el análisis del contenido. Resultados: Tres categorías de análisis surgieron a través del contenido manifestado en ambos grupos: consciencia de determinantes de la salud bucal (conocimientos y actitudes, reacciones emocionales relativas a la salud bucal (sentimientos positivos, pasividad y sentimientos negativos y valores en salud bucal (apariencia, función social de los padres. Conclusión: Entre las jóvenes se observó que la experiencia del embarazo no interfirió en las percepciones en salud bucal.

  2. Genetics Home Reference: familial candidiasis

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Facebook Twitter Home Health Conditions Familial candidiasis Familial candidiasis Printable PDF Open All Close All Enable Javascript to view the expand/collapse boxes. Description Familial candidiasis is an inherited tendency to develop infections caused ...

  3. Oral candidiasis in systemic lupus erythematosus.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fangtham, M; Magder, L S; Petri, M A

    2014-06-01

    We assessed the frequency of oral candidiasis and the association between demographic variables, disease-related variables, corticosteroid treatment, other treatments and the occurrence of oral candidiasis in the Hopkins Lupus Cohort. In this large prospective cohort study of 2258 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), demographic and clinical associates of oral candidiasis were estimated by univariate, multivariate and within-person regression models. There were 53,548 cohort visits. Oral candidiasis was diagnosed at 675 visits (1.25%) in 325 (14%) of the patients. In the multivariate analyses, oral candidiasis was associated with African-American ethnicity, SELENA-SLEDAI disease activity, high white blood cell count, a history of bacterial infection, prednisone use and immunosuppressive use. The urine protein by urine dip stick was higher in SLE patients with oral candidiasis. Considering only patients who had candidiasis at some visits in a 'within-person' analysis, candidiasis was more frequent in visits with higher SELENA-SLEDAI disease activity, high white blood cell count, proteinuria by urine dip stick, a history of bacterial infection and prednisone use. The use of hydroxychloroquine was associated with a lower risk of oral candidiasis, but was not statistically significant (p = 0.50) in the within-person analysis models. This study identified multiple risk factors for oral candidiasis in SLE. Inspection of the oral cavity for signs of oral candidiasis is recommended especially in SLE patients with active disease, proteinuria, high white blood cell count, taking prednisone, immunosuppressive drugs or antibiotics. © The Author(s) 2014 Reprints and permissions: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav.

  4. Oral candidiasis and angular cheilitis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sharon, Victoria; Fazel, Nasim

    2010-01-01

    Candidiasis, an often encountered oral disease, has been increasing in frequency. Most commonly caused by the overgrowth of Candida albicans, oral candidiasis can be divided into several categories including acute and chronic forms, and angular cheilitis. Risk factors for the development of oral candidiasis include immunosuppression, wearing of dentures, pharmacotherapeutics, smoking, infancy and old age, endocrine dysfunction, and decreased salivation. Oral candidiasis may be asymptomatic. More frequently, however, it is physically uncomfortable, and the patient may complain of burning mouth, dysgeusia, dysphagia, anorexia, and weight loss, leading to nutritional deficiency and impaired quality of life. A plethora of antifungal treatments are available. The overall prognosis of oral candidiasis is good, and rarely is the condition life threatening with invasive or recalcitrant disease.

  5. El embarazo: Su relación con la salud bucal

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    Hilda Elia Rodríguez Chala

    2003-08-01

    Full Text Available Se abordan las transformaciones ocurridas en las gestantes que condicionan la aparición o desarrollo de enfermedades bucales. Variaciones en los niveles de hormonas sexuales femeninas, siliva, microorganismos, dieta, entre otros, constituyen factores que pueden incidir en el desarrollo de enfermedades bucales, que debemos tener en cuenta durante la gestación. El tejido dentario, los de soporte y sostén del diente, la mucosa bucal entre otros, son los más vulnerables a ser afectados por estos cambios, lo que repercute en la salud bucal.The transformations occurring among pregnant women that make possible the appearance or development of oral diseases are dealt with. The variations in the levels of female sex hormones, saliva, microorganisms and diet, among others, are some of the factors that may influence the development of oral diseases that should be taken into account during pregnancy. The dental tissue, those tissues supporting the tooth, and the oral mucose, among others, are the most vulnerable to be affected by these changes, which have a repercussion on oral health.

  6. Determinantes sociais e saúde bucal de adultos nas capitais do Brasil

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    Roberto Eduardo Bueno

    2014-07-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Investigar a correlação entre o índice Determinantes Sociais de Saúde Bucal (DSSB e indicadores sociais, indicadores de saúde bucal e determinantes sociais intermediários, representados pelos indicadores da Política Nacional de Saúde Bucal. MÉTODOS: Este estudo ecológico abrangeu 5 915 adultos de 35 a 44 anos em 27 capitais no Brasil. Os indicadores de desfechos em saúde bucal - perda dentária, dentes restaurados e Índice de Cuidados Odontológicos (ICO - foram obtidos do levantamento epidemiológico SB Brasil 2010. Os indicadores sociais (determinantes sociais estruturais e da Política Nacional de Saúde Bucal foram obtidos de censos demográficos e do Ministério da Saúde. RESULTADOS: Uma correlação de Pearson (r moderada foi observada entre o índice DSSB e ICO (r = 0,580, dentes restaurados (r = 0,545 e perda dentária (r = - 0,490. Houve uma correlação forte do componente equidade social com o ICO (r = 0,856, dentes restaurados (r = 0,822 e perda dentária (r = -0,665. Não houve associação estatisticamente significativa desses desfechos em saúde bucal com os componentes relativos à atenção primária e secundária à saúde bucal. O componente equidade social explicou 44% da variância da perda dentária, 68% da variância de dentes restaurados e 73% da variância do ICO. CONCLUSÕES: O índice DSSB e seu componente equidade social se correlacionaram significativamente com desfechos em saúde bucal de adultos nas capitais brasileiras. Portanto, políticas equitativas devem priorizar ações direcionadas aos DSSB, tais como ampliação da cobertura de saneamento e de água fluoretada, e redução da pobreza e das iniquidades regionais.

  7. Autopercepcao da saude bucal entre adultos na regiao Nordeste do Brasil

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    Edivania Barbosa do Vale

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Identificar a autopercepção da saúde bucal por adultos e variáveis associadas. MÉTODOS: Estudo realizado com os dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde Bucal SBBrasil 2010 relativos a 2.456 adultos de 35 a 44 anos da região Nordeste. A variável dependente foi a autopercepção da saúde bucal. As variáveis independentes foram agrupadas em: demográficas, predisposição/facilitação, condição de saúde bucal e relacionadas à autopercepção da necessidade de tratamento. O teste de Rao e Scott foi utilizado para avaliar a associação entre essas variáveis. O efeito das variáveis independentes sobre o desfecho foi avaliado pelo modelo de regressão logística multinominal segundo modelo hierarquizado, em duas etapas: análise simples e análise múltipla hierarquizada. RESULTADOS: A autopercepção positiva da saúde bucal foi observada em 37% dos participantes. No modelo final, as características diretamente associadas a essa autopercepção foram: ser branco, ter renda familiar superior a R$ 500,00, possuir número de bens acima da mediana, ter maior número de dentes hígidos, não apresentar sangramento, não necessitar de prótese, Oral Impacts on Daily Performances = 0, não necessitar de tratamento e ter ido ao dentista há menos de três anos. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados mostram que a autopercepção da saúde bucal dos adultos residentes no Nordeste brasileiro está diretamente associada a uma estrutura multidimensional de fatores. As baixas condições econômicas associadas às condições clínicas deficientes dessa população causam grande impacto na sua autopercepção da saúde bucal.

  8. Animal Models for Candidiasis

    Science.gov (United States)

    Conti, Heather R.; Huppler, Anna R.; Whibley, Natasha; Gaffen, Sarah L.

    2014-01-01

    Multiple forms of candidiasis are clinically important in humans. Established murine models of disseminated, oropharyngeal, vaginal, and cutaneous candidiasis caused by Candida albicans are described in this unit. Detailed materials and methods for C. albicans growth and detection are also described. PMID:24700323

  9. Determinación del estado de salud bucal en embarazadas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Irma Aracelia Sueiro Sánchez

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available Fundamento: el embarazo puede perturbar el equilibrio bucal de la futura mamá, por lo que determinar el comportamiento de la salud bucal de estas pacientes constituye una prioridad de los servicios estomatológicos. Objetivo: determinar el estado de salud bucal en embarazadas del consultorio de Elpidio Gómez, de Palmira de enero a diciembre de 2013. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo de serie de casos. El universo estuvo constituido por 41 pacientes de 15 hasta 59 años atendidas en consulta. Las variables analizadas fueron: edad, nivel de conocimiento, clasificación epidemiológica según salud bucal, factores de riesgo y procesos inflamatorios en periodonto de protección. La recolección de la información se realizó por medio de encuestas de salud bucodental y de conocimiento, previo consentimiento informado al paciente y a la institución. Resultados: predominó el grupo de edad de 19-34, se evaluó de regular el nivel de conocimiento de salud bucal de las pacientes, prevaleció como categoría las enfermas; de los factores de riesgo que más afectaron se encontró el cepillado incorrecto. La gingivitis crónica edematosa predominó, siendo las de 15 a 18 las más perjudicadas. El índice individual para piezas dentarias permanentes aumentó con la edad, la necesidad de prótesis parcial afectó más a las de 19 a 34. Conclusión: el estado de la salud bucal de las embarazadas fue evaluado de mal, porque estas pacientes no acudieron a consulta por restarle importancia a su atención estomatológica. Deben ser reevaluadas las estrategias para incrementar la cultura sanitaria, además de un seguimiento periódico por consulta y atención al hogar de las pacientes embarazadas.

  10. Treatment and Prevention of Oral Candidiasis in Elderly Patients.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sakaguchi, Hideo

    2017-01-01

    The incidence of oral candidiasis has increased in the elderly in recent years. Although the increase of the elderly population plays a big role in this rise of oral candidiasis, the broader recognition that elderly people have higher infection rates for oral candidiasis is considered to be also an important factor. Oral candidiasis can be categorized into three types. Pseudomembranous oral candidiasis is characterized by the appearance of white moss, erythematous oral candidiasis by the eruption of erythema, and hyperplastic oral candidiasis by mucosal hyperplasia. Miconazole has been commonly used when treating oral candidiasis. Elderly patients, however, have a tendency to develop oral candidiasis repeatedly. It is therefore critical to take measures to prevent recurrence. We recommend the use an oral moisturizer containing hinokitiol, an antifungal substance, on a regular basis, to help prevent recurrence of oral candidiasis.

  11. Conocimientos sobre salud bucal en los círculos de abuelos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rosa María González Ramos

    Full Text Available Introducción: el envejecimiento ha estado presente en todas las etapas del desarrollo social, cada día, más personas sobrepasan las barreras cronológicas que el hombre ha situado como la vejez, lo que significa un reto importante para las sociedades modernas. La salud bucal juega un papel importante para mantener la calidad de vida en la tercera edad. Objetivo: identificar los conocimientos sobre salud bucal de los adultos mayores de los círculos de abuelos del Policlínico 19 de abril, en el periodo 2008-2010. Métodos: se realizó una investigación descriptiva. El universo quedó constituido por 101 personas, pertenecientes a los cinco círculos de abuelos del Policlínico 19 de Abril. El universo quedó constituido por 101 personas pertenecientes a los cinco círculos de abuelos. Las variables estudiadas fueron son: edad, sexo, conocimientos sobre las funciones de los dientes, el efecto de los hábitos nocivos, higiene bucal, frecuencia de cepillado. La obtención de la información se realizó por la autora y colaboradores calibrados con anterioridad. Se aplicó una encuesta previo consentimiento informado a los ancianos. Resultados: predominó el sexo femenino en 71,2 %. El 78,2 % conocen que la masticación es una de las funciones de los dientes. El 84,1 % no conocen los efectos del tabaquismo y el alcoholismo sobre la cavidad bucal; existe un desconocimiento del 76,2 % de la importancia de la higiene bucal y del cepillado correcto. Conclusiones: predomina el sexo femenino, existe desconocimiento de las funciones de los dientes, los efectos nocivos del tabaco y el alcohol, así como de la higiene bucal adecuada.

  12. Programas educativos em saúde bucal para populações adultas

    OpenAIRE

    Rota, Lucimara Magon; Queluz, Dagmar de Paula; Mialhe, Fábio Luiz

    2016-01-01

    Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os aspectos relacionados ao perfil epidemiológico e a autopercepção das condições de saúde bucal, além dos métodos de educação em saúde voltados à população adulta, a fim de contribuir no planejamento de programas educativos para esta população. Com base naanálise dos dados bibliográficos coletados, conclui-se que a educação em saúde bucal para adultos é uma importante ferramenta de manutenção da saúde bucal. Dentre elas destaca-se a cárie dentária, o ...

  13. Liquen plano bucal y displasia epitelial

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    Joaquín Urbizo Vélez

    Full Text Available Introducción: el liquen plano bucal es una enfermedad inflamatoria, crónica y recurrente considerada como una respuesta inmune anormal mediada por células T. Uno de los aspectos más importantes es su posible carácter premaligno y el papel de la displasia epitelial. Objetivo: describir los desórdenes celulares característicos de la displasia en las lesiones del liquen plano bucal y su relación con las formas clínicas y otras variables histopatológicas. Método: el universo estuvo constituido por el registro de 14,977 pacientes sometidos a estudio anatomopatológico en el Servicio de Anatomía Patológica en el Departamento de Patología de la Facultad de Estomatología de La Habana, en el período comprendido de 1970 al 2008 del que se extrajo una muestra integrada por 115 pacientes con diagnóstico histopatológico de liquen plano de la mucosa bucal. Se revisaron los archivos de biopsias tomándose aquellas solicitudes con suficientes datos clínicos en las cuales estuviera consignada la presencia de lesiones bilaterales o, en su defecto, más de una lesión distribuida en una o en más de una región anatómica. Las variables clínicas fueron: Liquen plano tipo reticular, atrófico erosivo e hipertrófico y las variables histopatológicas: tipo de queratinización, grosor epitelial, presencia de displasia epitelial. Se realizó observación microscópica de las láminas obtenidas del archivo. Se obtuvieron fotomicrografías. Para las variables cualitativas se calculó la frecuencia absoluta y el porcentaje. Para la estadística analítica se utilizó el test de Chi Cuadrado, aplicando la corrección de Yates, cuando esta era necesaria o bien la Prueba exacta de Fisher. Resultados: se hallaron signos de displasia epitelial ligera en 25 casos (21,73 % de los cuales correspondieron al tipo reticular un total de 17 casos (14,78 % y al erosivo 8 casos (6, 95%. Se observó asociación significativa entre el tipo clínico y la displasia

  14. Vigilancia epidemiológica del estado de salud bucal

    OpenAIRE

    . Amado Rodríguez Calzadilla; . Carolina Valiente Zaldívar

    1999-01-01

    Se exponen aspectos relacionados con la vigilancia epidemiológica del estado de salud bucal de la población general, con fines metodológicos. Se plantean los objetivos y las premisas para establecer el sistema de vigilancia, así como la caracterización de la comunidad basados en los elementos fundamentales para un sistema de vigilancia. Se pretende evaluar costo y calidad de la atención de la salud bucal para lograr el aprovechamiento eficiente de los recursos. Se realizarán investigaciones r...

  15. Multifocal Congenital Hemangiopericytoma.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Robl, Renata; Carvalho, Vânia Oliveira; Abagge, Kerstin Taniguchi; Uber, Marjorie; Lichtvan, Leniza Costa Lima; Werner, Betina; Mehrdad Nadji, Mehrdad

    2017-01-01

    Congenital hemangiopericytoma (HPC) is a rare mesenchymal tumor with less aggressive behavior and a more favorable prognosis than similar tumors in adults. Multifocal presentation is even less common than isolated HPC and hence its clinical and histologic recognition may be challenging. A newborn infant with multifocal congenital HPC causing severe deformity but with a favorable outcome after chemotherapy and surgical removal is reported. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  16. Oral candidiasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Millsop, Jillian W; Fazel, Nasim

    2016-01-01

    Oral candidiasis (OC) is a common fungal disease encountered in dermatology, most commonly caused by an overgrowth of Candida albicans in the mouth. Although thrush is a well-recognized presentation of OC, it behooves clinicians to be aware of the many other presentations of this disease and how to accurately diagnose and manage these cases. The clinical presentations of OC can be broadly classified as white or erythematous candidiasis, with various subtypes in each category. The treatments include appropriate oral hygiene, topical agents, and systemic medications. This review focuses on the various clinical presentations of OC and treatment options. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  17. Higiene bucal: su repercusión en pacientes con tratamientos ortodóncicos

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    José A. Pacho Saavedra

    2007-03-01

    Full Text Available El éxito de los tratamientos ortodóncicos aplicados en la adolescencia radica en mantener una higiene bucal buena, la cual favorece un buen funcionamiento y evita la aparición de complicaciones en los pacientes, asociado con un correcto cepillado de los dientes y de los aparatos ortodóncicos, lo que es un elemento esencial e importante para un tratamiento exitoso, unido al mantenimiento saludable de las encías, prevención de las caries y peridontitis. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo en 50 pacientes de uno u otro sexo y raza, con edades comprendidas entre 12-16 años, procedentes de la Consulta de Ortodoncia de la Clínica Estomatológica H y 21, en el período de marzo-agosto del 2006, los cuales reciben tratamiento ortodóncico, con el objetivo de determinar la higiene bucal durante el tratamiento. Predominó el sexo masculino y el grupo de 12-14 años. Se observó que el 92 % de los pacientes estudiados se categorizó con índice de higiene bucal simplificado bueno y solo el 8 % con un índice de higiene bucal simplificado regular. Finalmente el índice de higiene bucal simplificado del colectivo fue bueno. Se recomienda incrementar y fomentar aún más el mantenimiento de la higiene bucal, para obtener un buen éxito durante el tratamiento ortodóncico y por lo tanto, que el paciente pueda disfrutar de una bonita sonrisa sin afectaciones psicológica.

  18. [Systemic candidiasis in children with cancer].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fernández Navarro, J M; Verdeguer Miralles, A; Ruiz Soler, J G; Ferris Tortajada, J; Esquembre Menor, C; Castel Sánchez, V

    1989-11-01

    Systemic fungal infections have long been recognized in terminally ill patients with cancer. Systemic candidiasis is the most common, the incidence having increased in the last few years. Eight children diagnosed as having systemic candidiasis during a two-year period (1987-1988) are presented. Three had an isolated fungal pneumonitis, two an hepatosplenic candidiasis, one a multisystemic involvement (hepatosplenic, pulmonary and nodular skin lesions) and the remaining two patients had a Candida sepsis with no visceral lesions having been documented. All patients had neutropenia and prolonged fever no responsive to broad spectrum antibiotics. We would like to underline the importance of an early and prolonged antifungal therapy, especially in hepatosplenic candidiasis, in order to obtain the cure.

  19. Caso severo de manifestaciones bucales de la hiperplasia epitelial focal

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    Jonathan Harris Ricardo

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available La hiperplasia epitelial focal, conocida también como enfermedad de Heck, es una patología benigna que se caracteriza por la presencia de múltiples pápulas en la mucosa de la cavidad bucal; es producida por los subtipos 13 y 32 del virus del papiloma humano, aunque también se le relaciona con factores genéticos, inmunosupresión e higiene bucal deficiente pero con poco sustento científico; afecta principalmente a niños y adolescentes. Se reporta caso clínico de paciente femenina de 7 años de edad, remitida al servicio de Estomatología y Cirugía Oral de la Corporación Universitaria Rafael Núñez por presentar múltiples pápulas en mucosa bucal, de tamaño variable, asintomáticas, 8 meses de evolución, relacionadas clínicas e histológicamente con hiperplasia epitelial focal.

  20. Invasive Candidiasis: An Overview from Taiwan

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    Sheng-Yuan Ruan

    2009-06-01

    Full Text Available Invasive candidiasis has emerged as an important nosocomial infection, especially in critically ill patients. We review the epidemiology of invasive candidiasis with an emphasis on data from Taiwan. An increasing incidence of candidemia became apparent from 1980 to the end of the 1990s, followed by relative stability. Crude mortality rates of patients with candidemia were in the range of 35% to 60%. Candida albicans remains the predominant cause of invasive candidiasis in Taiwan and accounts for more than 50% of all cases. Candida tropicalis, Candida glabrata and Candida parapsilosis are the three most common nonalbicansCandida species that cause invasive candidiasis. The above four Candida species account for more than 90% of invasive candidiasis in Taiwan. Overall, invasive Candida isolates have remained highly susceptible to fluconazole (> 90% susceptibility over the past two decades. However, periodic surveillance is needed to monitor antifungal resistance because reduced fluconazole susceptibility in non-albicans Candida is not an uncommon trend. Voriconazole and echinocandins continue to exhibit excellent in vitro activity against invasive Candida isolates.

  1. Lente intra-ocular multifocal difrativa apodizada: resultados Diffractive apodized multifocal intraocular lens: results

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    Virgilio Centurion

    2007-12-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Mostrar os resultados visuais e refracionais com lente intra-ocular multifocal difrativa apodizada. MÉTODOS: Estudo de 100 olhos de 50 pacientes com catarata, submetidos à facoemulsificação com implante bilateral de lente intra-ocular (LIO multifocal difrativa apodizada. Foi avaliada a acuidade visual binocular sem e com correção para longe e perto, a previsibilidade refracional e a freqüência de uso de óculos. RESULTADOS: A acuidade visual sem correção para longe foi de e " 20/30 em 97,56% dos olhos operados e e" J2 em 100%, sendo que 82% dos pacientes nunca usam óculos e 16% usam de forma esporádica. CONCLUSÃO: A LIO multifocal difrativa apodizada mostrou ser uma opção previsível, reproduzível e segura na correção dos vícios de refração para longe e perto durante a cirurgia da catarata, permitindo elevado índice de independência ao uso de óculos.OBJECTIVE: To show visual and refraction results using multifocal diffractive apodized intraocular lens. METHODS: The study of 100 eyes of 50 patients with cataract, submitted to phacoemulsification with bilateral implant of multifocal diffractive apodized intraocular lens (IOL. Binocular visual acuity was evaluated with and without correction for near and distance, and refraction previsibility and frequency of wearing glasses. RESULTS: Visual acuity without correction for distance was e" 20/30 in 97.56% of eyes operated on and e" J2 in 100%, of these 82% of patients never wear glasses and 16% wear glasses sporadically. CONCLUSION: Multifocal diffractive apodized IOL proved to be a foreseeable option, reproducible and safe in the correction of refraction errors for distance and near during cataract surgery, enabling a high rate of independence from the use of glasses.

  2. Risk factors for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis

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    Janković Slobodan

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Background/Aim. Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis is relatively frequent condition, and may have serious health consequences, like chronic vulvovaginal pain syndrome. The aim of our study was to determine possible risk factors for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis in non-pregnant females within the reproductive age. Methods. The design of our study was of a case-control type. Case and control patients were selected from the gynecological patients at six primary care facilities in Serbia and in Montenegro. The data on the patients' health condition, concomitant therapy and diseases were taken from their records, and the data on habits were obtained by unstructured interview. For potential risk factors crude odds ratios were calculated, and then adjusted by logistic regression. Results. A total of fifty-one patients had four or more episodes of vulvovaginal candidiasis during the last year (cases, and 132 patients with one to three episodes of vulvovaginal candidiasis were sampled as controls, matched by age. The only two significant associations were found between recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis and continual wearing of panty liners during the last year (Odds ratio - ORadjusted: 3.97; confidence interval - CI: 1.57-10.02; p = 0.004, and between recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis and predominant use of vaginal tampons during menstruation in the last year (ORadjusted: 4.25; CI: 1.11-16.27; p = 0.035. The synergistic effect was observed for the concurrent continual wearing of panty liners during the last year and selfmedication with antimycotics. Conclusions. Local factors, like wearing of panty liners or use of tampons during menstruation, may promote recurrence of vulvovaginal candidiasis, especially in patients who practice selfmedication with antimycotics.

  3. Capacidade funcional, função manual, higiene bucal e sua relação com odontogeriatria

    OpenAIRE

    Rafael Gustavo Dal Moro

    2003-01-01

    O crescimento da população idosa é um fenômeno mundial. Os profissionais da Odontologia enfrentarão um novo desafio, uma vez que a condição de saúde bucal dos idosos é precária. Investigar os fatores relacionados à saúde bucal permitirá intervir no processo saúde-doença de forma mais eficaz. A higiene bucal é um fator local primordial na saúde bucal de todos os indivíduos. Em virtude do processo de envelhecimento ser agravado por certas condições predisponentes, os idosos tendem a perder a ca...

  4. The importance of serological tests implementation in disseminated candidiasis diagnose.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gegić, Merima; Numanović, Fatima; Delibegović, Zineta; Tihić, Nijaz; Nurkić, Mahmut; Hukić, Mirsada

    2013-03-01

    Candidiasis is defined as an infection or disease caused by a fungus of the genus Candida. Rate of disseminated candidiasis increases with the growth of the number of immunocompromised patients. In the the last few decades the incidence of disseminated candidiasis is in growth as well as the mortality rate. The aim of this survey is to show the importance of serological tests implementation in disseminated candidiasis diagnose. This is a prospective study involving 60 patients with malign diseases with and without clinical signs of disseminated candidiasis and 30 healthy people who represent the control group. Apart from hemoculture, detection of circulating mannan antigen and adequate antibodies of Candida species applying comercial ELISA test was determined in each patient. This survey deals with relevant factors causing disseminated candidiasis. This survey showed that the group of patients with clinical signs of disseminated candidiasis had more patients with positive hemoculture to Candida species, then the group of patients without clinical signs of disseminated candidiasis. The number of patients being examined and positive to antigens and antibodies was higher (p candidiasis (7/30; 23.3%), then in the group of patients without clinical signs of disseminated candidiasis (0/30; 0%): Average value of titra antigen was statistically higher (p candidiasis 6/30 (20%) of patients had Candida spp.positive hemocultures while in the group of patients without clinical signs of disseminated candidiasis 1/30 (3.3%) of patients had Candida spp. positive hemocultures, which was considerably higher (p candidiasis were statistically significant, while correlation of results of hemoculture and antibodies was insignificant. Because of low sensitivity of hemoculture and time needed for isolation of Candida spp., introducing serological tests in regular procedures would speed disseminated candidiasis diagnose.

  5. Percepciones en salud bucal de los niños y niñas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Catalina González-Penagos, Colombia.

    2015-07-01

    Full Text Available (analítico: Identificamos las necesidades de salud bucal de los niños y niñas de 2 a 5 años del programa Buen Comienzo-Fantasías de las Américas, desde la percepción de las agentes educativas en la ciudad de Medellín, en el año 2013. Realizamos un estudio cualitativo, con enfoque histórico hermenéutico; la población de estudio correspondió a 65 agentes educativas. Los resultados preliminares reflejan necesidades relacionadas con el acceso y oportunidad de atención odontológica, la deficiencia en las acciones de promoción de la salud y prevención de las enfermedades prevalentes en salud bucal, el desconocimiento y la falta de motivación de los hábitos de higiene bucal, su importancia en la prevención de las patologías bucales y su implicación con el crecimiento y desarrollo, y con la salud general de los menores y las menores.

  6. Influencia de la salud bucal durante el embarazo en la salud del futuro bebé

    OpenAIRE

    Díaz Valdés, Liuba; Valle Lizama, Raúl Luis

    2015-01-01

    Fundamento: El embarazo se relaciona con una mayor incidencia de caries y gingivitis. Objetivo: Profundizar en el conocimiento sobre la influencia de estas afecciones bucales en la salud del futuro bebé. Conclusiones: El embarazo genera adaptaciones en la fisiología femenina las cuales pueden repercutir en la salud bucal de la gestante. Las afecciones bucales más frecuentes son la caries dental y la gingivitis, estas si no son tratadas a tiempo pueden afectar la salud del futuro bebé. Back...

  7. Enfermedad injerto contra huesped: sus manifestaciones bucales

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    Claudia Marcela Hernández Cancino

    Full Text Available La enfermedad injerto contra huésped es la principal complicación que sufren los pacientes que han recibido trasplante alogénico. Se produce como consecuencia de una reacción inflamatoria exagerada mediada por los linfocitos del donante y estimulada por aquellos tejidos que han sido lesionados por la enfermedad de base, por las infecciones previas o por el tratamiento de acondicionamiento. El diagnóstico es clínico e histopatológico. Los pacientes presentan rash maculopapular pruriginoso y doloroso que puede extenderse por toda la superficie corporal, fiebre, vómito, náuseas, diarrea y anorexia. En la mucosa bucal se observan erosiones ulceradas, extremamente dolorosas y pueden ser la primera o la única manifestación detectable clínicamente de esta enfermedad. El objetivo es presentar un caso de enfermedad de injerto contra huésped. Se trata de una mujer de 54 años de edad con linfoma no-Hodgking, que recibió tratamiento con quimioterapia, radioterapia y trasplante de células madre hematopoyéticas en el 2009. Tres meses después, presentó lesiones en la piel diagnosticadas como enfermedad injerto contra huésped y tratadas con corticoesteroides, a los seis meses fue remitida al odontólogo porque se quejaba de ardor en la boca, xerostomía y dificultad para masticar, tenía úlceras en la mucosa bucal y en la lengua. En la ocasión recibió tratamiento con corticoesteroides, clorhexidina, orientaciones de higiene bucal y controles clínicos permanentes. Aunque existen protocolos para la prevención y el tratamiento de la enfermedad injerto contra el huésped, su frecuencia ha aumentado en los últimos años debido al incremento en el número de trasplantes. Por esta razón, es fundamental que el odontólogo forme parte del grupo multidisciplinario que asiste al paciente y que esté familiarizado con los signos y síntomas de esta enfermedad en la mucosa bucal, pues las manifestaciones clínicas pueden ser las únicas para

  8. Management of Patients with Oral Candidiasis

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Kragelund, Camilla; Reibel, Jesper; Pedersen, Anne Marie Lynge

    2016-01-01

    Oral candidal infections are medically treated with antifungal agents. In the fungal cell membrane, steroid ergosterol is the target of the antifungals on the market, but similarity with the human cell membrane may cause host toxicity and unintended reactions. Management of oral candidiasis depends...... in particular in patients with recurrent oral candidiasis. This risk can be reduced if different types of antifungal drugs are used over time or are combined. This chapter focuses on antifungal treatment of the medically compromised patient with oral candidiasis by highlighting the advantages and disadvantages...

  9. vulvovaginal candidiasis?

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    Nina zahedi

    2016-09-01

    Full Text Available Background and Purpose: Vulvovaginal candidiasis is a frequent disease affecting approximately more than %75 of all childbearing women at least once in their lifetime by overgrowth of opportunistic Candida species. Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC is common in otherwise healthy individuals. Several risk factors were reported to contribute to RVVC susceptibility. A polymorphism in Dectin-1 (Y238X, rs16910526 was identified in patients with RVVC and hypothesized that genetic factors play an important role in susceptibility to RVVC. Herein, we aimed to survey the polymorphisms in the Dectin-1 gene, linked to susceptibility to RVVC. Materials and Methods: In the current study, blood samples were obtained from 25 patients who had frequent vulvovaginal candidiasis relapses and were diagnosed as RVVC. In addition, blood cultures were obtained from control group comprising of healthy individuals (n=25 with no history of RVVC, vaginal discharge, or itching on the day of examination. Dectin-1 Y238X gene polymorphism was investigated using Bi-PASA and DNA sequencing. Results: The analysis revealed that all of the patients were wild-type homozygous for Dectin-1 Y238X polymorphisms. None of the individuals showed heterozygous or mutant homozygous Dectin-1 polymorphism. Conclusion: No significant correlations were observed between the susceptibility to RVVC and Dectin-1 Y238X polymorphism in the Iranian population, which was not previously studied.

  10. Genotypes of Candida albicans involved in development of candidiasis and their distribution in oral cavity of non-candidiasis individuals.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Takagi, Yuki; Hattori, Hisao; Adachi, Hidesada; Takakura, Shunji; Horii, Toshinobu; Chindamporn, Ariya; Kitai, Hiroki; Tanaka, Reiko; Yaguchi, Takashi; Fukano, Hideo; Kawamoto, Fumihiko; Shimozato, Kazuo; Kanbe, Toshio

    2011-01-01

    Genotype characteristics and distribution of commensal Candida albicans should be studied to predict the development of candidiasis, however, extensive genotype analysis of commensal C. albicans has not been made. In this study, 508 C. albicans isolates were collected from patients with/without candidiasis and divided into 4 isolate groups (SG-1, oral cavity of non-candidiasis patients; SG-2, patients with cutaneous candidiasis; SG-3, patients with vaginal candidiasis; SG-4, patients with candidemia). These isolates were characterized to study the relationship between genotypes and pathogenicity using microsatellite analysis. Using CDC3 and CAI, 5 genotypes (I, 111: 115/33: 41; II, 115: 119/23: 23; III, 115: 123/18: 27; IV, 115: 123/33: 40; and V, 123: 127/32: 41) were found in 4.2%, 8.9%, 7.1%, 2.2% and 3.1% of the isolates, respectively. Genotypes II and III were commonly found in all isolate groups. These genotypes were further divided into 28 types by additional HIS3 and CAIII microsatellite markers. In this analysis, C. albicans with type 6 and type 23 was widely distributed as a commensal species in the oral cavity of non-candidiasis patients and found to be related with candidiasis development. Additionally, genotypes I and IV were found in SG-2 and/or SG-4, suggesting that the fungus with those genotypes is also involved in this development. In contrast, genotype V was not identified in any infective isolates.

  11. Caso severo de manifestaciones bucales de la hiperplasia epitelial focal

    OpenAIRE

    Jonathan Harris Ricardo; Natalia Fortich Mesa

    2012-01-01

    La hiperplasia epitelial focal, conocida también como enfermedad de Heck, es una patología benigna que se caracteriza por la presencia de múltiples pápulas en la mucosa de la cavidad bucal; es producida por los subtipos 13 y 32 del virus del papiloma humano, aunque también se le relaciona con factores genéticos, inmunosupresión e higiene bucal deficiente pero con poco sustento científico; afecta principalmente a niños y adolescentes. Se reporta caso clínico de paciente femenina de 7 años de e...

  12. Primary multifocal osseous lymphoma in a child

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Sato, Takashi S.P. [University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA (United States); Ferguson, Polly J. [University of Iowa, Department of Pediatrics, Iowa City, IA (United States); Khanna, Geetika [Washington University, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, St Louis, MO (United States)

    2008-12-15

    We report a case of primary multifocal osseous lymphoma in a 6-year-old girl presenting with multifocal osteolytic lesions without systemic symptoms or identifiable non-osseous primary tumor. The differential diagnoses for such a presentation include histiocytosis X, chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, metastatic disease, and primary bone lymphoma. Although non-Hodgkin lymphoma is common in the pediatric population, its presentation as a primary bone tumor, especially with multifocal disease, is extremely rare and is frequently misdiagnosed. We hope that awareness of this entity will help radiologists achieve timely diagnosis and intervention. (orig.)

  13. Prótesis totales y lesiones bucales en adultos mayores institucionalizados

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Beatriz García Alpízar

    2012-03-01

    Full Text Available Fundamento: las prótesis dentales constituyen una alternativa al perderse los dientes, pero no están exentas de provocar daños, que junto a la susceptibilidad de los tejidos, provocada por el envejecimiento e inadecuados estilos de vida, pueden llevar a la aparición de lesiones bucales. Objetivo: describir las características de pacientes portadores de prótesis totales y su relación con las lesiones bucales. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, con 93 ancianos institucionalizados portadores de prótesis total. Se utilizaron las pruebas de chi cuadrado y el riesgo relativo para determinar la asociación entre las variables: edad, sexo, higiene, estado de conservación, tiempo y frecuencia de uso de la prótesis, necesidades de prótesis, tipo de lesión, localización, hábito de fumar, enfermedades sistémicas y medicamentos empleados. Resultados: el 78,5 % de los ancianos presentó lesiones relacionadas con el uso de la prótesis. La estomatitis subprótesis fue la lesión más frecuente. La presencia de lesiones bucales fue significativa en aquellos con 80 años y más (100 %. El 95,8 % tenían prótesis deterioradas, y en la totalidad de ellos, las prótesis tenían 21 años y más de uso. El riesgo de desarrollar lesiones fue 2,98 veces superior en aquellos con una higiene bucal deficiente. El 100 % de los ancianos diabéticos y anémicos presentaron lesiones. Conclusiones: las lesiones bucales estuvieron muy relacionadas con los factores locales: estado de conservación, higiene, tiempo de uso de las prótesis; y con factores generales como: incremento de la edad, enfermedades sistémicas y uso de medicamentos para su tratamiento.

  14. VULVO-VAGINAL CANDIDIASIS ASSOCIATED WITH ACITRETIN

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    STURKENBOOM, MCJM; MIDDELBEEK, A; VANDENBERG, LTWD; VANDENBERG, PB; STRICKER, BHC; WESSELING, H

    The aim of this study was to estimate the risk of vulvo-vaginal candidiasis among the users of acitretin. The incidence rate ratio of vulvo-vaginal candidiasis was estimated in a cohort of acitretin users by using prescription sequence analysis. Study subjects were 196 women between 15 and 45 years

  15. Candidiasis: a fungal infection--current challenges and progress in prevention and treatment.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hani, Umme; Shivakumar, Hosakote G; Vaghela, Rudra; Osmani, Riyaz Ali M; Shrivastava, Atul

    2015-01-01

    Despite therapeutic advances candidiasis remains a common fungal infection most frequently caused by C. albicans and may occur as vulvovaginal candidiasis or thrush, a mucocutaneous candidiasis. Candidiasis frequently occurs in newborns, in immune-deficient people like AIDS patients, and in people being treated with broad spectrum antibiotics. It is mainly due to C. albicans while other species such as C. tropicalis, C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis and C. krusei are increasingly isolated. OTC antifungal dosage forms such as creams and gels can be used for effective treatment of local candidiasis. Whereas, for preventing spread of the disease to deeper vital organs, candidiasis antifungal chemotherapy is preferred. Use of probiotics and development of novel vaccines is an advanced approach for the prevention of candidiasis. Present review summarizes the diagnosis, current status and challenges in the treatment and prevention of candidiasis with prime focus on host defense against candidiasis, advancements in diagnosis, probiotics role and recent progress in the development of vaccines against candidiasis.

  16. O acesso a informacao sobre higiene bucal e as perdas dentarias por carie entre adultos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Desiree Sant'Ana Haikal

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivou-se testar a associação entre perdas dentárias por cárie (PDC e variáveis relativas ao acesso a informações em saúde bucal. Foram analisados dados de 780 adultos (35-44 anos participantes de um estudo epidemiológico. A variável dependente foi o total de PDC e as independentes foram reunidas em blocos de variáveis: demográficas e socioeconômicas; utilização dos serviços odontológicos; acesso a informações em saúde bucal (informações sobre como evitar problemas bucais, sobre higiene bucal e sobre dieta e; comportamentais. Conduziu-se regressão linear múltipla hierarquizada. O número médio de PDC foi de 7,03 (EP= 0,31 e 83% dos adultos haviam perdido algum dente por cárie. As PDC foram maiores entre os mais velhos, os com menor escolaridade, as mulheres, os que raramente ou nunca receberam informações sobre higiene bucal, os que escovavam os dentes uma vez ou menos ao dia e entre os que não usavam fio dental. Adultos que raramente/nunca receberam informações dos serviços odontológicos sobre higiene bucal perderam 2,15 dentes a mais por cárie que aqueles que sempre/frequentemente receberam tais informações (p = 0,000. Assim, sugere-se que a garantia do acesso à informação deva ser incentivada a fim de contribuir com maior equidade em saúde bucal.

  17. [Diversity of Lactobacillus in vagina of vulvovaginal candidiasis].

    Science.gov (United States)

    2015-04-07

    To investigate the Lactobacillus species in the vaginas of vulvovaginal candidiasis and to assess the prevalence of each Lactobacillus species in vulvovaginal candidiasis. 154 vaginal samples were analyzed, 92 of which were from fertile healthy women, and 62 of which were from women with vulvovaginal candidiasis; and species-specific PCR showed the prevalence of each Lactobacillus species Species-specific PCR was used to investigate the prevalence of each Lactobacillus species in healthy Chinese women and the women with vulvovaginal candidiasis. In women with vulvovaginal candidiasis: L. iners (6.5%), L. cripatus (79.0%), L. gasseri (37.1%), L. jensenii (74.2%), L. acidophilus (16.1%), L. brevis (19.4%), L. plantarum (1.6%), L. johnsonii (51.6%), L. fermentum (8.1%), L. salivarius (9.7%), L. reuter (1.6%), L. paracasei (8.1%), L. delbrueckii (3. 2% ) ; More than two different Lactobacillus species coexisted in 98% of women with vulvovaginal candidiasis, and no anyone species existed in 2% of them; In fertile women: L. iners (82.6%), L. cripatus (70.7%), L. gasseri (67.4%), L. jensenii (40.2%), L. acidophilus (39.1%), L. brevis (23.9%), L. plantarum (5.4%), L. rhamnosus (1.1%), L. paracasei (1.1%), L. reuter (1.1%) i, L. johnsonii (3.3%), L. fermentum (2.2%), L. salivarius (2.2%); More than two different Lactobacillus species coexisted in 97% of fertile women, and only one species existed in 3% of fertile women. Species of lactobacillus in women with vulvovaginal candidiasis did not significantly reduced compared with healthy women. Lactobacillus inert may be a marker of the change of vaginal microenvironment; Lactobacillus crispatus is a dominant lactobacillus in the vaginal of fertile healthy women, pregnant women and women with vulvovaginal candidiasis.

  18. Candidiasis hepatoesplénica en un paciente con leucemia mieloide aguda Hepatosplenic candidiasis in acute myeloid leukemia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    A. Larregina

    2004-03-01

    Full Text Available La candidiasis diseminada crónica, principalmente en su variedad hepatoesplénica, es una de las formas clínicas más características de infección invasora por Candida en pacientes hematológicos. Se presenta el caso clínico de un varón de 31 años, con leucemia mieloide aguda (LMA M2, internado en el Servicio de Clínica Médica del hospital, que luego del tratamiento quimioterápico de inducción y consolidación presentó neutropenia febril leve. La candidiasis hepatoesplénica fue diagnosticada por tomografía axial computada (TAC y biopsia hepática. El enfermo fue tratado con anfotericina B, seguida de la forma liposomal hasta completar los 4 g. Se le dió el alta en espera de transplante de médula ósea. En este paciente se demostró que la sospecha temprana de candidiasis hepatoesplénica ayudó en la elección de un método de diagnóstico precoz y a su correcto tratamiento.Chronic diseminated candidiasis - mainly its hepatosplenic form- is one of the most characteristic invasive infection due to Candida in haematological patients. A case is presented of a 31 year old man admitted to the Clinical Department with acute mieloid leukosis M2, showing febrile neutropenia after induction and consolidation chemotherapy. Hepatoesplenic candidiasis was diagnosed and confirmed by computered axial tomography (CAT and hepatic biopsy; amphotericin B followed by liposome encapsuled amphotericin B up to complete a total dose of 4 g was used for treatment. The patient was discharged waiting for bone marrow transplantation. Early suspicion of hepatosplenic candidiasis helps to select a rapid diagnosis method and an effective treatment.

  19. El uso del piercing en la cavidad bucal de adolescentes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mercedes Haces Acosta

    2014-04-01

    Full Text Available Introducción: el uso del piercing intraoral en los adolescentes constituye una amenaza para la salud bucal. Objetivo: caracterizar el uso del piercing en la cavidad bucal de los adolescentes desde el punto de vista clínico y epidemiológico. Material y método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en el policlínico Dr. "Modesto Gómez Rubio" del municipio San Juan y Martínez, Pinar del Río, en el período comprendido de septiembre del 2011 a enero del 2013. El universo estuvo conformado por 400 adolescentes que acudieron al servicio del policlínico de los cuales 250 constituyeron la muestra, seleccionada a través del método aleatorio simple. Se les realizó el examen bucal, como medida de resumen se utilizaron el número absoluto y el porcentaje. Resultados: se pudo constatar que de 250 adolescentes examinados 34 presentaban perforaciones intraorales para un 13,6%, de ellos 24 son masculinos para un 70,59% y 10 femeninas representando el 29,41%, la edad de mayor uso de 15 y 18 años con 31 para un 21,85, los efectos nocivos de mayor frecuencia la gingivitis crónica con el 52,94% , seguidas por las fracturas dentarias con el 47,06%, el 97% respondieron que su motivación era la moda. Conclusiones: el uso del piercing en la cavidad bucal de los adolescentes estudiados se caracteriza por manifestarse con mayor frecuencia en las edades entre 15 y 18 años, con predominio del sexo masculino y el efecto nocivo más frecuente la enfermedad gingivitis crónica, seguidas por las fracturas dentarias, motivación la moda.

  20. Esophageal Candidiasis as the Initial Manifestation of Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Komeno, Yukiko; Uryu, Hideki; Iwata, Yuko; Hatada, Yasumasa; Sakamoto, Jumpei; Iihara, Kuniko; Ryu, Tomiko

    2015-01-01

    A 47-year-old woman presented with persistent dysphagia. A gastroendoscopy revealed massive esophageal candidiasis, and oral miconazole was prescribed. Three weeks later, she returned to our hospital without symptomatic improvement. She was febrile, and blood tests showed leukocytosis (137,150 /μL, blast 85%), anemia and thrombocytopenia. She was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). She received chemotherapy and antimicrobial agents. During the recovery from the nadir, bilateral ocular candidiasis was detected, suggesting the presence of preceding candidemia. Thus, esophageal candidiasis can be an initial manifestation of AML. Thorough examination to detect systemic candidiasis is strongly recommended when neutropenic patients exhibit local candidiasis prior to chemotherapy.

  1. O uso do protetor bucal nas artes marciais: consciência e atitude

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Camilla Cristina Lira Di Leone

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Introdução: O uso de protetores bucais durante a prática de esportes de contato é de fundamental importância como medida preventiva dos traumatismos orofaciais. Objetivo: Realizar um levantamento quanto a utilização do protetor bucal entre praticantes de artes marciais, assim como verificar qual é a percepção que tais esportistas têm sobre sua importância e função. Métodos: Realizou-se uma pesquisa descritiva e transversal, de caráter investigativo, composta por 231 praticantes de três diferentes modalidades de artes marciais: Jiu-jítsu, Tae kwon do e Muay Thai, nas cidades de Nova Friburgo-RJ e Macaé-RJ, Brasil, por meio de um questionário estruturado. Os dados foram tabulados no programa estatístico SPSS 16.0. Foi realizada a frequência, sendo aplicado, ainda, o teste qui-quadrado (p<0,05, para estabelecer relação entre variáveis de interesse. Resultados: Os dados indicaram que 60,6% dos entrevistados nunca receberam informações sobre o traumatismo orofacial durante a prática esportiva e que 46,3% dos esportistas já sofreram algum tipo de traumatismo orofacial. A maioria dos atletas (93,9% considera importante o uso do protetor bucal, porém este dado é desproporcional ao percentual de usuários do dispositivo: 78,7% no Muay Thai, 60,9% no Jiu-jítsu e 47,5% no Tae kwon do (p< 0,01. Dos protetores bucais existentes no mercado, o mais utilizado é o termoplástico ou tipo II (52,5% em todas as modalidades de lutas avaliadas. O protetor bucal personalizado causou menor percentual de interferência no rendimento durante a prática esportiva quando comparado com os outros tipos de protetores (p<0,07. Conclusão: A maioria dos esportistas reconhece a importância do uso do protetor bucal, apesar de relatar não ter recebido informações sobre traumatismo orofacial durante a prática esportiva; a maioria dos atletas utiliza o protetor bucal termoplástico; há necessidade de se difundir informações sobre as vantagens

  2. Incidence and Predictors of Invasive Candidiasis Associated with Candidemia in Children

    Science.gov (United States)

    Festekjian, Ara; Neely, Michael

    2009-01-01

    Background Risk factors for invasive candidiasis in children with candidemia are poorly defined. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study of all children with candidemia at our tertiary children’s hospital from 2000 to 2006. Invasive candidiasis was diagnosed by review of the medical record and standardized EORTC/MSG criteria. A variety of risk factors for invasive candidiasis were explored. Results Of 194 episodes of candidemia in the microbiology laboratory database, 180 clinical records were available. Evaluation for invasive candidiasis consisted of 174 (97%) echocardiograms; 167 (93%) dilated ophthalmologic examinations, 136 (76%) chest CT scans, and 108 (60%) abdominal ultrasounds (complete, hepatosplenic or renal). Of the 180, 15 (8%) patients were identified with invasive candidiasis (4 proven, 1 probable, 10 possible). Prematurity candidiasis. Conclusions Invasive candidiasis, especially proven or probable, in the setting of candidemia was not common in our hospital, but premature infants and immunocompromised children were at significantly higher risk. Based on our findings, extensive imaging and examination by an ophthalmologist was particularly low-yield for invasive candidiasis in immunocompetent children beyond infancy. PMID:19821906

  3. Efetividade de website de educação em saúde bucal para adolescentes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    priscilla Bittencourt de Almeida figueiredo

    2014-09-01

    Full Text Available RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a efetividade de um website desenvolvido como ferramenta de educação em saúde bucal para adolescentes. Métodos: Estudo experimental realizado no município de Belém-PA, no período entre agosto e novembro/2012. A amostra foi composta por 160 escolares, na faixa etária de 11 a 15 anos, de escolas pública e particular. Dois grupos foram formados, sendo um grupo experimental com participação em atividade educativa, com diferencial de acesso a um website contendo informações sobre saúde bucal para adolescentes. Os dados foram coletados por meio de dois questionários auto-administrados aos alunos antes e depois da intervenção educativa. Foram verificadas variáveis de conhecimentos e atitudes sobre saúde bucal. A análise dos dados foi a partir do Teste Qui-quadrado para verificar a associação entre as variáveis categóricas e da Análise de Variância (ANOVA um critério e Teste de Tukey para comparação da quantidade de acertos das questões. Resultados: Observou-se que os escolares, de ambos os grupos, após as atividades educativas, obtiveram bom conhecimento acerca das questões sobre cárie e etiologia do câncer bucal, tendo os escolares do grupo experimental apresentado melhor desempenho sobre esses temas. A maioria dos escolares participantes da pesquisa nunca realizou o autoexame bucal e não possuem conhecimento adequado sobre doença periodontal. Conclusão: O método educativo experimental avaliado demonstrou-se parcialmente efetivo na modificação de conhecimentos sobre doença periodontal. Em contrapartida, foi significantemente efetivo sobre a cárie dentária e os métodos de higienização bucal.

  4. Invasive candidiasis and oral manifestations in premature newborns.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tinoco-Araujo, José Endrigo; Araújo, Diana Ferreira Gadelha; Barbosa, Patrícia Gomes; Santos, Paulo Sérgio da Silva; Medeiros, Ana Myriam Costa de

    2013-01-01

    To investigate prevalence of invasive candidiasis in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and to evaluate oral diseases and Candida spp. colonization in low birth weight preterm newborns. A descriptive epidemiological study performed in two stages. First, prevalence of candidiasis was analyzed in a database of 295 preterm patients admitted to hospital for over 10 days and birth weight less than 2,000g. In the second stage, oral changes and Candida spp. colonization were assessed in 65 patients weighing less than 2,000g, up to 4 week-old, hospitalized for over 10 days and presenting oral abnormalities compatible with fungal lesions. Swab samples were collected in the mouth to identify fungi. Prevalence of candidiasis was 5.4% in the database analyzed. It correlated with prolonged hospital length of stay (poral mucosa and tongue. Intense oral colonization by Candida spp was observed (80%). The frequency of invasive candidiasis was low and correlated with low birth weight and prolonged hospital stay. The most common oral changes were white plaques compatible with pseudomembranous candidiasis and colonization by Candida spp. was above average.

  5. Multifocal osteogenic sarcoma in Paget's disease

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Vuillemin-Bodaghi, V.; Parlier-Cuau, C.; Laredo, J.D.; Cywiner-Golenzer, C.; Quillard, A.; Kaplan, G.

    2000-01-01

    The most serious complication of Paget's disease is sarcomatous degeneration of pagetic bone. Multifocal sarcomatous degeneration occurs mainly in polyostotic Paget's disease. Multifocal Paget's sarcoma is uncommon and can arise in any site. We report two cases of synchronous multifocal sarcomatous degeneration. The two patients were elderly women (aged 77 and 86 years, respectively) who developed sarcomatous lesions concomitantly, in the first case report in left ilium, left tibia, and first lumbar vertebra and in the second case report in the skull, right ilium, and sacrum. Whether these cases are due to the simultaneous development of several primaries or to metastases from a single primary remains unclear. (orig.)

  6. Cerebral candidiasis. Computed tomography appearance

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chaabane, M.; Ladeb, M.F.; Bouhaouala, M.H.; Ben Hammouda, M.; Ataalah, R.; Gannouni, A.; Krifa, H.

    1989-01-01

    A three year old child who had been suffering from oral candidiasis since the age of 1 year presented with osteitis of the clavicle, 2 cerebral frontal abscesses and an occipital abscess which extended across the calvaria and was associated with osteolysis. Histological and microbiological studies following surgery confirmed the diagnosis of candidiasis in this girl who was found to have IgA immunodefinciency. The authors report the computed tomographic appearance of the cerebral lesions and review the literature. (orig.)

  7. Cerebral candidiasis. Computed tomography appearance

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Chaabane, M.; Ladeb, M.F.; Bouhaouala, M.H.; Ben Hammouda, M.; Ataalah, R.; Gannouni, A.; Krifa, H.

    1989-07-01

    A three year old child who had been suffering from oral candidiasis since the age of 1 year presented with osteitis of the clavicle, 2 cerebral frontal abscesses and an occipital abscess which extended across the calvaria and was associated with osteolysis. Histological and microbiological studies following surgery confirmed the diagnosis of candidiasis in this girl who was found to have IgA immunodefinciency. The authors report the computed tomographic appearance of the cerebral lesions and review the literature. (orig.).

  8. Markers of potential malignancy in chronic hyperplastic candidiasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Darling, Mark R; McCord, Christina; Jackson-Boeters, Linda; Copete, Maria

    2012-08-01

    To examine the presence of markers associated with malignancy, including p53, p21 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A, murine double minutes-2, and others, in chronic hyperplastic candidiasis. Immunohistochemical methods were used to examine the expression of p53, murine double minutes-2, p21 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A, metallothionein, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen in 42 chronic hyperplastic candidiasis lesions and 11 non-infected control tissues. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated digoxigenin-dUTP nick-end labeling was used to examine apoptosis, which was correlated with p53 expression. These markers were measured in lesions of chronic hyperplastic candidiasis that did not show any epithelial dysplasia or histological signs of malignancy. p53 scores were higher in chronic hyperplastic candidiasis than in controls (P = 0.0046). Murine double-minutes 2 levels were not elevated. p21 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A was increased in parabasal (P candidiasis lesions showed a similar basal/parabasal metallothionein staining pattern to that seen in normal squamous epithelium. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen was increased (P = 0.0007), as was apoptosis (P = 0.0033). Increased p53 in oral chronic hyperplastic candidiasis suggests an increased potential for malignant change in the epithelium, above that of normal tissues. Further functional investigation is required, as well as clinical follow-up studies. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd.

  9. Intestinal candidiasis and antibiotic usage in children: case study of ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Conclusion: The results of this study showed a high prevalence of intestinal candidiasis among children in Nsukka. Strong associations were observed between the presence of intestinal candidiasis and diarrhoea, age and use of antibiotics (p<0.001). Keywords: Intestinal candidiasis, children, antibiotic use, diarrhea ...

  10. Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... SEARCH Definition Treatment Prognosis Clinical Trials Organizations Publications Definition Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a disease of the white matter of the brain, caused by a virus infection ...

  11. Probiotics and Treatment of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    somayeh saleki

    2018-02-01

    Full Text Available Background: Genital infections are among the most common diseases for which women refer to gynecologists. Vulvovaginal candidiasis is the second most common infection among women. Objective: A few studies have been conducted on new therapeutic regimens improving the effectiveness of current medications; accordingly, the present study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of clotrimazole with clotrimazole plus probiotics in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis. Materials and Methods: The present double-blind clinical trial was conducted on 80 women admitted to Shohada hospital in Tehran in 2014. The participants were randomly divided into 2 groups of clotrimazole and clotrimazole plus probiotics. The collected data included the participants’ sociodemographic information and their medical records along with their symptoms and laboratory results before and after the treatment. Finally, the collected data were analyzed using chi-square test, t test, McNemar test and Fisherexact test. Results: The results showed that both treatments (i.e. clotrimazole and clotrimazole plus probiotics are equally effective in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis (P = 0.499. Conclusion: The results of the present study indicated that supplementing clotrimazole with probiotics results in similar effects compared to administering clotrimazole alone in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis.

  12. As representações da saúde bucal na mídia impressa

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Aline Guio Cavaca

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available Buscou-se compreender como as informações sobre Saúde Bucal são veiculadas pela mídia impressa no estado do Espírito Santo - Brasil, por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa, com análise de conteúdo de 66 matérias relacionadas à temática, veiculadas no período de março de 2004 a junho de 2009, nos jornais A Gazeta e A Tribuna.O material empírico originou sete categorias analíticas: responsabilização do indivíduo; realidades extremas; imaginário popular do dentista e do consultório dentário; patologização da halitose; valorização estética; determinantes da saúde bucal; prevenção e hábitos. A abordagem midiática da saúde bucal perpassa uma complexidade de fatores sociais, culturais, políticos, biológicos e econômicos, que destaca a importância de uma comunicação contextualizada com os interesses da sociedade, que seja interativa e dialógica e explore sua potência crítica na educação e promoção da saúde, veiculando, de maneira consciente, o consumismo em Saúde Bucal.

  13. O movimento da Saúde Bucal Coletiva no Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Catharina Leite Matos Soares

    Full Text Available Resumo A Saúde Bucal Coletiva (SBC pode designar um fenômeno histórico especifico, distinto das outras “Odontologias Alternativas” e um referencial teórico para as práticas odontológicas em serviços de saúde. Este estudo buscou compreender a permanência das “Odontologias Alternativas” no espaço social de luta pela saúde bucal no Brasil, a partir de posições dos agentes fundadores e precursores, levando em consideração as concepções de SBC, Saúde Coletiva (SC e SUS. Partiu-se da teoria das práticas de Pierre Bourdieu, complementada pelos conceitos de hegemonia e contra-hegemonia em Gramsci. Realizaram-se 12 entrevistas em profundidade, revisão documental e análise da produção científica, além das trajetórias dos agentes e seus capitais em 1980 e 2013. Os resultados indicam que a concepção de SBC e SC como ruptura com as práticas de saúde oriundas às “Odontologias Alternativas” prevaleceu entre aqueles com disposições políticas em defesa da democracia e da Reforma Sanitária. Embora a SBC tenha proposta crítica, permanecem antigas “Odontologias” na produção científica e nas práticas de saúde bucal.

  14. Genetics Home Reference: autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Facebook Twitter Home Health Conditions APECED Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy Printable PDF Open All Close All ... view the expand/collapse boxes. Description Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy ( APECED ) is an inherited condition that ...

  15. Importancia del Programa de Deteccion Temprana del cancer bucal en Cuba

    OpenAIRE

    Morales Navarro, Denia; Rodríguez Lay, Liliana; García Jordán, Mariela

    2009-01-01

    El cáncer es un factor importante de la carga mundial de morbilidad, y lo será cada vez más en los decenios venideros. El aumento global del número de casos de cáncer bucal y la factibilidad de realizar acciones de salud específicas nos motivó a consultar la bibliografía que maneja este tema e indagar sobre los resultados del Programa de Detección del Cáncer Bucal en Cuba. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica mediante la consulta de bases de datos de los sistemas referativos, como MEDLINE y ...

  16. Light distribution in diffractive multifocal optics and its optimization.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Portney, Valdemar

    2011-11-01

    To expand a geometrical model of diffraction efficiency and its interpretation to the multifocal optic and to introduce formulas for analysis of far and near light distribution and their application to multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) and to diffraction efficiency optimization. Medical device consulting firm, Newport Coast, California, USA. Experimental study. Application of a geometrical model to the kinoform (single focus diffractive optical element) was expanded to a multifocal optic to produce analytical definitions of light split between far and near images and light loss to other diffraction orders. The geometrical model gave a simple interpretation of light split in a diffractive multifocal IOL. An analytical definition of light split between far, near, and light loss was introduced as curve fitting formulas. Several examples of application to common multifocal diffractive IOLs were developed; for example, to light-split change with wavelength. The analytical definition of diffraction efficiency may assist in optimization of multifocal diffractive optics that minimize light loss. Formulas for analysis of light split between different foci of multifocal diffractive IOLs are useful in interpreting diffraction efficiency dependence on physical characteristics, such as blaze heights of the diffractive grooves and wavelength of light, as well as for optimizing multifocal diffractive optics. Disclosure is found in the footnotes. Copyright © 2011 ASCRS and ESCRS. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  17. Ultrasound scan in the diagnosis of neonatal renal candidiasis; Ecografia en el diagnostico de la candidiasis renal neonatal

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Muro, D.; Sanguesa, C.; Torres, D.; Berbel, O.; Andres, V. [Hospital Infantil La Fe. Valencia (Spain)

    2003-07-01

    To describe the most pertinent echographic findings regarding systemic and renal candidiasis in high-risk neonates. Echographic findings and clinical histories of 40 neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit were retrospectively analyzed. Thirty-eight presented systemic candidiasis with renal participation, while two showed only renal candidiasis. Ultrasound scans were performed using 7.5 MHz probes. Alterations in renal echo structure, presence of echogenic material without acoustic shadowing in the excretory system (mycetoma), presence of lithiasis, pyonephrosis and associated renal malformations were all evaluated. Ten patients presented renal alterations in ultrasound scan. Six children had originally shown increased eye-catching in the renal parenchyma which was resolved after medical treatment. Four children presented renal mycetoma, and in two there were renal malformations. Both of these exhibited a profile for pyonephrosis. One patient with renal mycetoma without urological abnormalities developed a lithiasis. Surgical intervention was unnecessary in all cases. The most common echographic findings in immature high-risk low-weight patients with systemic and renal candidiasis were alterations in the eye-catching of renal parenchyma and the presence of mycetoma. (Author) 22 refs.

  18. EL CÍRCULO DE INTERÉS COMO MÉTODO EFECTIVO PARA LA SALUD BUCAL DE LOS ESCOLARES

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kenya Caridad Casanova Sales

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available Se realizó una investigación de intervención comunitaria en la Escuela Primaria Carlos Cuquejo, en la localidad de Vázquez, desde octubre de 2012 a mayo de 2014, mediante el círculo de interés “Educación para la salud bucal”, con una muestra de 98 escolares. El objetivo fue desarrollar la educación para la salud bucal. Se tuvo en cuenta el nivel de conocimientos, la higiene, el estado de salud bucal, así como la ingestión o no, de una dieta cariogénica. La metodología contempló encuestas, controles de placa bacteriana, historias clínicas y registros diarios de dieta de los niños. Las temáticas de educación para la salud fueron desarrolladas mediante murales, mensajes para la salud bucal, charlas demostrativas, juegos didácticos, como “Mi boquita sana”; con canciones, poesías, obras de teatro, encuentros de conocimientos, mesa cubana de frutas y vegetales, y selección de escolares con mejor higiene bucal. Al evaluar los resultados iniciales y finales se comprobó la elevación del nivel de conocimientos, de la higiene, el estado de salud bucal y la calidad de la dieta. El círculo de interés promovió la educación para la salud bucal y la disminución de los niños enfermos, lo que constituyó un logro significativo.

  19. Experimental Models of Vaginal Candidiasis and Their Relevance to Human Candidiasis

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sobel, Jack D.

    2016-01-01

    Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a high-incidence disease seriously affecting the quality of life of women worldwide, particularly in its chronic, recurrent forms (RVVC), and with no definitive cure or preventive measure. Experimental studies in currently used rat and mouse models of vaginal candidiasis have generated a large mass of data on pathogenicity determinants and inflammation and immune responses of potential importance for the control of human pathology. However, reflection is necessary about the relevance of these rodent models to RVVC. Here we examine the chemical, biochemical, and biological factors that determine or contrast the forms of the disease in rodent models and in women and highlight the differences between them. We also appeal for approaches to improve or replace the current models in order to enhance their relevance to human infection. PMID:26883592

  20. A importância da saúde bucal para adolescentes de diferentes estratos sociais do município de Ribeirão Preto La importancia de la salud bucal para los adolescentes de diferentes estratos sociales del municipio de Ribeirão Preto The importance of bucal health for adolescents of different social strata of Ribeirão Preto

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marina Sá Elias

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo do presente estudo é conhecer a importância da saúde bucal para adolescentes de diferentes estratos sociais, identificando a importância da estética dental, e o cuidado que estes dispensam em relação a sua saúde bucal. O processo metodológico adotado nesta investigação é de natureza qualitativa, utilizando como técnica de coleta de dados a entrevista semi-estruturada. Conhecemos a importância da saúde bucal em vários contextos de suas vidas, como na aparência pessoal, na sexualidade, no emprego, e na saúde geral. Esta investigação permite-nos conhecer as motivações para os adolescentes preservarem sua saúde bucal, o que acreditamos ser muito válido no intuito de desenvolvermos a promoção de saúde através da educação em saúde.El objetivo del presente estudio es conocer la importancia de la salud bucal para los adolescentes de diferentes estratos sociales, identificando la importancia de la estética dental y el cuidado que estos realizan en relación con su salud bucal. El proceso metodológico adoptado en esta investigación es de naturaleza cualitativa, utilizando como técnica de recolección de datos la entrevista semi-estructurada. Conocimos la importancia de la salud bucal en varios contextos de sus vidas, como en la apariencia personal, en la sexualidad, en el empleo y en la salud en general. Esta investigación nos permitió conocer las motivaciones que tienen los adolescentes para preservar su salud bucal, lo cual creemos será muy valioso en desarrollar programas de promoción de la salud a través de la educación en salud.The objective of the present study is to know the importance of buccal health for adolescents of different social strata, identifying the importance of dental aesthetics, and the care that these students take in relation to their buccal health. The methodological process adopted in this investigation is of qualitative nature, using as technique of collection of data the semi

  1. What Makes Oral Candidiasis Recurrent Infection? A Clinical View

    OpenAIRE

    Azmi M. G. Darwazeh; Tamer A. Darwazeh

    2014-01-01

    Clinical oral Candida infection (candidiasis) is one of the common oral mucosal infections, and its management is usually frustrating due to either treatment failure or recurrence. Historically, oral candidiasis has been branded as disease of diseased. The unsuccessful management of oral candidiasis can due to either incorrect diagnosis, failure to identify (or correct) the underlying predisposing factor(s), or inaccurate prescription of antifungal agents. Failure to properly treat oral ca...

  2. Candidiasis: predisposing factors, prevention, diagnosis and alternative treatment.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Martins, Natália; Ferreira, Isabel C F R; Barros, Lillian; Silva, Sónia; Henriques, Mariana

    2014-06-01

    Candidiasis is the most common opportunistic yeast infection. Candida species and other microorganisms are involved in this complicated fungal infection, but Candida albicans continues to be the most prevalent. In the past two decades, it has been observed an abnormal overgrowth in the gastrointestinal, urinary and respiratory tracts, not only in immunocompromised patients, but also related to nosocomial infections and even in healthy individuals. There is a widely variety of causal factors that contribute to yeast infection which means that candidiasis is a good example of a multifactorial syndrome. Due to rapid increase in the incidence in these infections, this is the subject of numerous studies. Recently, the focus of attention is the treatment and, above all, the prevention of those complications. The diagnosis of candidiasis could become quite complicated. Prevention is the most effective "treatment," much more than eradication of the yeast with antifungal agents. There are several aspects to consider in the daily routine that can provide a strength protection. However, a therapeutic approach is necessary when the infection is established, and therefore, other alternatives should be explored. This review provides an overview on predisposition factors, prevention and diagnosis of candidiasis, highlighting alternative approaches for candidiasis treatment.

  3. Manifestaciones clínicas bucales detectadas en pacientes con giardiasis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan Carlos Quintana Díaz

    1997-12-01

    Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio de la posible relación existente entre la giardiasis y la aparición de manifestaciones bucales en un grupo de pacientes mayores de 16 años, a los que se les diagnosticó esta afección mediante el drenaje biliar. Se asevera que la malabsorción producida por este parásito hace que se origine un déficit de vitaminas, proteínas, carbohidratos y grasas, que según varios autores y nosostros, son la causa de las alteraciones bucales encontradas. De los 50 pacientes con giardiasis estudiados, el 46 % correspondió al sexo masculino y el 54 % al femenino, las manifestaciones bucales encontradas fueron: aftas, glositis y queilitis en un total del 52 % de los casos examinados.A study on the possible relationship existing between giardiasis and the appereance of oral manifestations in a group of patients over 16, who were diagnosed this affection by biliary drainage, was conducted. It is affirmed that the malabsorption produced by this parasite provokes a deficit of vitamins, proteins, carbohydrates and fats, that in some authora' opinions and in our own, causes the oral alterations found. Of the 50 patients with giardiasis studied, 46 % were males and 54 % females. The oral manifestations detected in 52 % of the cases examined were: aphthas, glossitis, and cheilitis.

  4. Determinación del estado de salud bucal en pacientes discapacitados del Área VII en Cienfuegos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Belkys Hernández Millán

    2014-10-01

    Full Text Available Fundamento: la discapacidad constituye una preocupación social, sin embargo, se cuenta con pocos estudios sobre el estado de salud bucal de los pacientes discapacitados. Objetivo: determinar el estado de salud bucal en pacientes discapacitados del Área VII de la provincia Cienfuegos. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, de serie de casos, del Área VII del municipio de Cienfuegos, en el periodo de enero-diciembre de 2013. Se estudiaron 192 discapacitados que acudieron a consulta estomatológica o fueron visitados en terreno. Las variables analizadas fueron: edad, sexo, nivel de escolaridad, tipo de discapacidad, clasificación epidemiológica en cuanto al estado de salud bucal, enfermedades sistémicas, factores de riesgo a tener en cuenta para las enfermedades bucales, estado de salud bucal, periodontopatías, maloclusiones, lesiones premalignas, necesidad de prótesis total o parcial y necesidad de tratamiento en Atención Primaria o Secundaria. La información se recogió en historia clínica individual, planilla de clasificación de discapacidad. Los resultados se presentan en número y porcentaje. Resultados: el género femenino fue el más afectado, y la edad más representativa la de 35-59 años, predominaron las enfermedades crónicas degenerativas, los enfermos en la clasificación epidemiológica según estado de salud bucal, la hipertensión arterial entre las enfermedades sistémicas. Antecedentes de caries fue el factor de riesgo más relevante, resultando la gingivitis crónica edematosa, con un mayor porcentaje. Conclusiones: se determinó que la salud bucal en el grupo estudiado fue deficiente y existen dificultades por parte del Estomatólogo General Integral para tratar a estos pacientes a pesar de existir programas de atención a discapacitados.

  5. Autoavaliação da saúde bucal e fatores associados entre adultos em áreas de assentamento rural, Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cristiano Moura

    2014-03-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a prevalência de autoavaliação negativa de saúde bucal e fatores associados entre adultos em áreas de assentamento rural. A amostra probabilística consistiu de 557 adultos entre 20 a 59 anos em áreas de assentamento rural no Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil. A variável dependente foi autoavaliação da condição de saúde bucal e as independentes foram: características demográficas, de predisposição/disponibilidade de recursos, comportamentos relacionados à saúde bucal, condições objetivas e subjetivas relacionadas à saúde bucal. Foram estimadas as razões de prevalência bruta e ajustada por meio de regressão de Poisson. A prevalência de autopercepção negativa da saúde bucal foi de 70,5%. A autoavaliação negativa da saúde bucal foi mais prevalente em indivíduos mais jovens, de baixa escolaridade, entre as mulheres, e entre os de cor preta e parda. Os preditores da autoavaliação negativa da saúde bucal foram a cor da pele, a necessidade autorreferida de tratamento odontológico e o impacto das condições de saúde bucal na qualidade de vida.

  6. La rehabilitación protésica en las lesiones bucales del adulto mayor

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yaimara Pérez Hernández

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Introducción: las lesiones en la mucosa bucal relacionadas con el uso de prótesis constituyen un problema importante de salud, fundamentalmente en pacientes geriátricos. Objetivo: caracterizar las lesiones bucales en pacientes geriátricos rehabilitados protésicamente. Material y método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal y prospectivo en los consultorios médicos #9 y 47 de la Clínica Estomatológica Hermanos Saiz, municipio San Juan y Martínez, Pinar del Río, de septiembre de 2012 a septiembre de 2013. El universo estuvo conformado por 165 pacientes rehabilitados protésicamente, de los cuales 98 constituyeron la muestra, siendo pacientes que presentaron lesiones bucales producto del uso de prótesis. Como medida de resumen se utilizaron el número absoluto y el porcentaje. Resultados: el mayor número de pacientes se encontraban en edades entre 65 y 69 años, el sexo más afectado fue el femenino y las lesiones se encontraron principalmente en el maxilar y en pacientes que usaban prótesis totales de acrílico. Los pacientes que presentaban mala higiene de la prótesis eran más propensos a lesiones bucales. El mayor número de lesiones se encontró en pacientes que no practicaban el hábito de fumar. Conclusiones: se caracterizaron las lesiones bucales en pacientes geriátricos rehabilitados protésicamente, lo que posibilita proponer nuevas investigaciones sobre factores relacionados con el origen y prevención de dichas lesiones producto del uso de prótesis, y así mantener la comunicación necesaria de los implicados en el diagnóstico y atención de las personas longevas.

  7. Drug-induced progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Vermeer, N S; Straus, S M J M; Mantel-Teeuwisse, A K

    2015-01-01

    Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) has been identified as a serious adverse drug reaction (ADR) of several immunomodulatory biologicals. In this study, we contrasted the reporting patterns of PML for two biologicals for which the risk was identified at different points in their life......Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) has been identified as a serious adverse drug reaction (ADR) of several immunomodulatory biologicals. In this study, we contrasted the reporting patterns of PML for two biologicals for which the risk was identified at different points...

  8. Congenital cutaneous candidiasis: A rare and unpredictable disease

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sujit A Jagtap

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Congenital cutaneous candidiasis (CCC is an extremely rare disorder that presents within the first 6 days of life. The manifestations ranges from diffuse skin eruption without any systemic symptoms to respiratory distress, hepatosplenomegaly, sepsis, and death. We report a neonate who presented with generalized skin eruptions at birth, characterized by erythematous macules and papules. The eruption involved head, face, neck, trunk, and extremities. Candida albicans was demonstrated on direct KOH smear, skin biopsy. The disease implies a congenital intrauterine infection and is different from neonatal candidiasis, which manifests as thrush or diaper dermatitis. The infection is acquired from the maternal genital tract in an ascending fashion. Clinical features, direct smear examination of specimen, and appropriate cultures are useful in differentiating the lesions from other more common dermatoses of the neonatal period. Topical antifungal therapy is sufficient unless systemic candidiasis is present. Prognosis for congenital cutaneous candidiasis is good.

  9. Recent mouse and rat methods for the study of experimental oral candidiasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Costa, Anna C B P; Pereira, Cristiane A; Junqueira, Juliana C; Jorge, Antonio O C

    2013-07-01

    The Candida genus expresses virulence factors that, when combined with immunosuppression and other risk factors, can cause different manifestations of oral candidiasis. The treatment of mucosal infections caused by Candida and the elucidation of the disease process have proven challenging. Therefore, the study of experimentally induced oral candidiasis in rats and mice is useful to clarify the etiopathology of this condition, improve diagnosis, and search for new therapeutic options because the disease process in these animals is similar to that of human candidiasis lesions. Here, we describe and discuss new studies involving rat and mouse models of oral candidiasis with respect to methods for inducing experimental infection, methods for evaluating the development of experimental candidiasis, and new treatment strategies for oral candidiasis.

  10. Recent mouse and rat methods for the study of experimental oral candidiasis

    Science.gov (United States)

    Costa, Anna CBP; Pereira, Cristiane A; Junqueira, Juliana C; Jorge, Antonio OC

    2013-01-01

    The Candida genus expresses virulence factors that, when combined with immunosuppression and other risk factors, can cause different manifestations of oral candidiasis. The treatment of mucosal infections caused by Candida and the elucidation of the disease process have proven challenging. Therefore, the study of experimentally induced oral candidiasis in rats and mice is useful to clarify the etiopathology of this condition, improve diagnosis, and search for new therapeutic options because the disease process in these animals is similar to that of human candidiasis lesions. Here, we describe and discuss new studies involving rat and mouse models of oral candidiasis with respect to methods for inducing experimental infection, methods for evaluating the development of experimental candidiasis, and new treatment strategies for oral candidiasis. PMID:23715031

  11. Epidemiologic Features of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis among Reproductive-Age Women in India

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rathod, Sujit D.; Klausner, Jeffrey D.; Krupp, Karl; Reingold, Arthur L.; Madhivanan, Purnima

    2012-01-01

    Background. Vulvovaginal candidiasis is characterized by curd-like vaginal discharge and itching, and is associated with considerable health and economic costs. Materials and Methods. We examined the incidence, prevalence, and risk factors for vulvovaginal candidiasis among a cohort of 898 women in south India. Participants completed three study visits over six months, comprised of a structured interview and a pelvic examination. Results. The positive predictive values for diagnosis of vulvovaginal candidiasis using individual signs or symptoms were low (candidiasis. Women clinically diagnosed with bacterial vaginosis had a higher prevalence of vulvovaginal candidiasis (Prevalence 12%, 95% CI 8.2, 15.8) compared to women assessed to be negative for bacterial vaginosis (Prevalence 6.5%, 95% 5.3, 7.6); however, differences in the prevalence of vulvovaginal candidiasis were not observed by the presence or absence of laboratory-confirmed bacterial vaginosis. Conclusions. For correct diagnosis of vulvovaginal candidiasis, laboratory confirmation of infection with Candida is necessary as well as assessment of whether the discharge has been caused by bacterial vaginosis. Studies are needed of women infected with Candida yeast species to determine the risk factors for yeast's overgrowth. PMID:23118494

  12. Comparison of the visual and intraocular optical performance of a refractive multifocal IOL with rotational asymmetry and an apodized diffractive multifocal IOL.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Alió, Jorge L; Plaza-Puche, Ana B; Javaloy, Jaime; Ayala, María José

    2012-02-01

    To compare the visual outcomes and intraocular optical quality observed postoperatively in patients implanted with a rotationally asymmetric multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) and an apodized diffractive multifocal IOL. Seventy-four consecutive eyes of 40 cataract patients (age range: 36 to 79 years) were divided into two groups: zonal refractive group, 39 eyes implanted with a rotationally asymmetric multifocal IOL (Lentis Mplus LS-312 IOL, Oculentis GmbH); and diffractive group, 35 eyes implanted with an apodized diffractive multifocal IOL (ReSTOR SN6AD3, Alcon Laboratories Inc). Distance and near visual acuity outcomes, contrast sensitivity, intraocular optical quality, and defocus curves were evaluated during 3-month follow-up. Calculation of the intraocular aberrations was performed by subtracting corneal aberrations from total ocular aberrations. Uncorrected near visual acuity and distance-corrected near visual acuity were better in the diffractive group than in the zonal refractive group (P=.01), whereas intermediate visual acuity (defocus +1.00 and +1.50 diopters) was better in the zonal refractive group. Photopic contrast sensitivity was significantly better in the zonal refractive group (P=.04). Wavefront aberrations (total, higher order, tilt, primary coma) were significantly higher in the zonal refractive group than in the diffractive group (P=.02). Both multifocal IOLs are able to successfully restore visual function after cataract surgery. The zonal refractive multifocal IOL provides better results in contrast sensitivity and intermediate vision, whereas the diffractive multifocal IOL provides better near vision at a closer distance. Copyright 2012, SLACK Incorporated.

  13. Deeply invasive candidiasis.

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Ostrosky-Zeichner, L.; Rex, J.H.; Bennett, J.; Kullberg, B.J.

    2002-01-01

    The incidence of invasive candidiasis is on the rise because of increasing numbers of immunocompromised hosts and more invasive medical technology. Recovery of Candida spp from several body sites in a critically ill or immunocompromised patient should raise the question of disseminated disease.

  14. Oral candidiasis: pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment strategies.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lalla, Rajesh V; Patton, Lauren L; Dongari-Bagtzoglou, Anna

    2013-04-01

    Oral candidiasis is a clinical fungal infection that is the most common opportunistic infection affecting the human oral cavity. This article reviews the pathogenesis, clinical presentations, diagnosis and treatmentstrategies for oral candidiasis.

  15. Avancos e desafios a Politica de Vigilancia a Saude Bucal no Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Samuel Jorge Moyses

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available Revisão crítica e integrativa, de caráter descritivo-discursivo, dedicada à explanação da política de vigilância à saúde bucal vigente atualmente no Brasil. Com base em uma apreciação crítica dos trabalhos nacionais e internacionais consultados sobre a temática da vigilância à saúde, examina-se a formulação de uma agenda política e científica em vigilância à saúde bucal, ancorada na institucionalidade do Sistema Único de Saúde. A efetivação da referida agenda é exemplificada com a apresentação da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde Bucal (SBBrasil 2010. Uma síntese conclusiva é apresentada, buscando a convergência teórico-metodológica entre a identificação, por um lado, dos obstáculos e fragilidades ainda detectáveis na implementação da agenda e, por outro, no reconhecimento do seu mérito, discernível em expressivos avanços e conquistas já consolidados.

  16. Qualidade de vida e saúde bucal em crianças e adolescentes: aspectos conceituais e metodológicos

    OpenAIRE

    Barbosa,Taís de Souza; Mialhe,Fábio Luiz; Castilho,Aline Rogéria Freire de; Gavião,Maria Beatriz Duarte

    2010-01-01

    O interesse pela qualidade de vida e saúde bucal em crianças e adolescentes vem aumentando, já que as desordens orais provavelmente apresentam efeito negativo na qualidade de vida das mesmas. Neste sentido, questionários que visam a avaliar o impacto da saúde bucal no bem-estar têm sido desenvolvidos e adaptados para este grupo específico. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever a relação entre qualidade de vida e saúde bucal em crianças e adolescentes, focalizando aspectos conceituais e metodo...

  17. Multi-focal Vision and Gaze Control Improve Navigation Performance

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kolja Kuehnlenz

    2008-11-01

    Full Text Available Multi-focal vision systems comprise cameras with various fields of view and measurement accuracies. This article presents a multi-focal approach to localization and mapping of mobile robots with active vision. An implementation of the novel concept is done considering a humanoid robot navigation scenario where the robot is visually guided through a structured environment with several landmarks. Various embodiments of multi-focal vision systems are investigated and the impact on navigation performance is evaluated in comparison to a conventional mono-focal stereo set-up. The comparative studies clearly show the benefits of multi-focal vision for mobile robot navigation: flexibility to assign the different available sensors optimally in each situation, enhancement of the visible field, higher localization accuracy, and, thus, better task performance, i.e. path following behavior of the mobile robot. It is shown that multi-focal vision may strongly improve navigation performance.

  18. ODONTOLOGIA NO ESPORTE: CONHECIMENTO E HÁBITOS DE ATLETAS DO FUTEBOL E BASQUETEBOL SOBRE SAÚDE BUCAL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Daniela Cristina Barbosa Alves

    Full Text Available RESUMO Introdução: A saúde bucal é parte integrante da saúde sistêmica e é necessária para o bom rendimento físico. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como propósito avaliar e comparar o grau de conhecimento, atitudes e hábitos de atletas do gênero masculino, confederados do futebol e basquetebol, sobre a interrelação de saúde bucal e esporte. Métodos: Elaborou-se um questionário semiestruturado, composto por dezesseis questões objetivas e uma questão dissertativa, que foi respondido por 42 atletas do futebol e 40 atletas do basquetebol. Os esportistas foram questionados sobre seus conhecimentos a respeito do uso de protetores bucais na prática esportiva, interferências das alterações bucais no rendimento esportivo, utilização de medicamentos com finalidade odontológica e doping. Foram também questionados sobre o histórico de trauma durante a prática esportiva, uso de protetores bucais, suplementos, consumo de isotônicos ou energéticos, presença de alteração na articulação temporomandibular e participação em programa de saúde bucal no clube de origem. Resultados: Os resultados obtidos permitiram evidenciar que os atletas entrevistados não têm o conhecimento adequado sobre a influência da saúde bucal na prática esportiva, apesar de concordarem que os profissionais da odontologia contribuem para a manutenção da saúde bucal e a consequente melhoria do rendimento esportivo. Observou-se ainda, que os atletas do basquetebol relataram uma porcentagem maior de traumatismo com relação aos do futebol. A maioria dos atletas das duas modalidades relatou fazer uso de bebidas esportivas, não fazer uso de suplementos alimentares e não ser respirador bucal. Conclusão: Há necessidade de divulgação da importância da saúde bucal no meio esportivo para a manutenção da saúde sistêmica e melhora da prática esportiva.

  19. Risk factors and outcome in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis with persistent biliary candidiasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rupp, Christian; Bode, Konrad Alexander; Chahoud, Fadi; Wannhoff, Andreas; Friedrich, Kilian; Weiss, Karl-Heinz; Sauer, Peter; Stremmel, Wolfgang; Gotthardt, Daniel Nils

    2014-10-23

    Candidiasis is commonly observed in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), but the clinical risk factors associated with its presence have not been fully investigated. In this study, we aimed to analyse the incidence, risk factors, and transplantation-free survival in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) patients with persistent biliary candidiasis. We retrospectively analysed patients diagnosed with PSC who were admitted to our department during 2002 to 2012. One-hundred fifty patients whose bile cultures were tested for fungal species were selected, and their clinical and laboratory parameters were investigated. The results of endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) and bile cultures were analysed using chart reviews. The cases of biliary candidiasis were sub-classified as transient or persistent. Thirty out of 150 (20.0%) patients had biliary candidiasis. Although all patients demonstrated comparable baseline characteristics, those with biliary candidiasis showed significantly reduced transplantation-free survival (p candidiasis. A subgroup analysis showed reduced survival with a greater necessity for orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) only in patients with persistence of Candida (p = 0.007). The survival in the patients with transient biliary candidiasis was comparable to that in candidiasis-free patients. In a multivariate regression analysis that included Mayo risk score (MRS), sex, age, dominant stenosis, inflammatory bowel disease, autoimmune hepatitis overlap syndrome, and number of times ERC was performed, biliary candidiasis was an independent risk factor for reduced survival (p = 0.008). Risk factors associated with acquisition of biliary candidiasis were age at PSC diagnosis and number of ERCs. The persistence of biliary candidiasis is associated with markedly reduced transplantation-free survival in PSC patients. By contrast, actuarial survival in patients with transient biliary candidiasis approaches that for patients without any

  20. Insights from human studies into the host defense against candidiasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Filler, Scott G

    2012-04-01

    Candida spp. are the most common cause of mucosal and disseminated fungal infections in humans. Studies using mutant strains of mice have provided initial information about the roles of dectin-1, CARD9, and Th17 cytokines in the host defense against candidiasis. Recent technological advances have resulted in the identification of mutations in specific genes that predispose humans to develop candidal infection. The analysis of individuals with these mutations demonstrates that dectin-1 is critical for the host defense against vulvovaginal candidiasis and candidal colonization of the gastrointestinal tract. They also indicate that CARD9 is important for preventing both mucosal and disseminated candidiasis, whereas the Th17 response is necessary for the defense against mucocutaneous candidiasis. This article reviews the recent studies of genetic defects in humans that result in an increased susceptibility to candidiasis and discusses how these studies provide new insight into the host defense against different types of candidal infections. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  1. Case Report: Generalized Cutaneous Candidiasis in a Preterm ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Background Generalised cutaneous candidiasis is rare in the neonatal period. When it does occur there is a risk of disseminated disease, particularly in preterm infants. Method A case report of a preterm baby who developed extensive cutaneous candidiasis. Result A 45 day old product of 30 weeks gestation noticed to ...

  2. Bilateral implantation of +2.5 D multifocal intraocular lens and contralateral implantation of +2.5 D and +3.0 D multifocal intraocular lenses: Clinical outcomes

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Nuijts, Rudy M. M. A.; Jonker, Soraya M. R.; Kaufer, Robert A.; Lapid-Gortzak, Ruth; Mendicute, Javier; Martinez, Cristina Peris; Schmickler, Stefanie; Kohnen, Thomas

    2016-01-01

    To assess the clinical visual outcomes of bilateral implantation of Restor +2.5 diopter (D) multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) and contralateral implantation of a Restor +2.5 D multifocal IOL in the dominant eye and Restor +3.0 D multifocal IOL in the fellow eye. Multicenter study at 8

  3. [Management of the esophageal candidiasis by the primary care physician].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Behrens, Garance; Bocherens, Astrid; Senn, Nicolas

    2014-05-14

    Esophageal candidiasis is one of the most common opportunistic infections in patients infected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This pathology is also found in patients without overt immunodeficiency. Other risk factors are known to be associated with this disease like inhaled or systemic corticosteroid treatment or proton-pump inhibitors and H2 receptor antagonists. In the absence of identified risk factors, a primary immune deficiency should be sought. Prevention of esophageal candidiasis is based primarily on the identification of risk factors, and a better control of them. This article presents a review of the physiopathology, clinical presentation and management of esophageal candidiasis by primary care physicians. We will also discuss ways of preventing esophageal candidiasis when necessary.

  4. Host responses to Candida albicans: Th17 cells and mucosal candidiasis

    OpenAIRE

    Conti, Heather R.; Gaffen, Sarah L.

    2010-01-01

    Candida albicans causes mucosal and disseminated candidiasis, which represent serious problems for the rapidly expanding immunocompromised population. Until recently, Th1-mediated immunity was thought to confer the primary protection, particularly for oral candidiasis. However, emerging data indicate that the newly-defined Th17 compartment appears to play the predominant role in mucosal candidiasis.

  5. Frequency of vaginal candidiasis in pregnant women attending routine antenatal clinic

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Parveen, N.; Munir, A.A.; Majeed, R.

    2008-01-01

    To determine the frequency of vaginal candidiasis in clinically symptomatic and asymptomatic cases of pregnant women attending routine antenatal clinic. A total of 110 pregnant women were nonrandomly recruited by convenient sampling. The studied variables included the demographic data information on parity, trimester of pregnancy, presence of vaginal discharge and the presence or absence of diabetes. Vulva and vagina were inspected for signs of inflammation and discharge with sterile speculum and vaginal specimens were collected with sterile cotton tipped swabs. Swabs were subjected to Gram staining and examined microscopically for the diagnosis of candidiasis. The frequency of vaginal candidiasis during pregnancy was found to be 38%, in which 27% were symptomatic and 11% were asymptomatic group. Increased ratio of infection was observed in multigravida and diabetic women. There was no marked differences in results with respect to age and trimester of pregnancy. Although there is generally a high frequency of vaginal candidiasis, an increased ratio of vaginal candidiasis in multigravida and diabetic pregnant women requires these women to be routinely screened for vaginal candidiasis regardless of symptomatic status. (author)

  6. Candidiasis in Simians

    Science.gov (United States)

    Candidiasis was diagnosed in six monkeys over a 10-month period. Most cases had been on antibiotic therapy for enterocolitis. Fungal invasion was...seen in epithelium of the tongue, oral cavity, esophagus, and colon, and in hard keratin of the nails. Gross lesions of the anterior alimentary tract

  7. Three-dimensional vectorial multifocal arrays created by pseudo-period encoding

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zeng, Tingting; Chang, Chenliang; Chen, Zhaozhong; Wang, Hui-Tian; Ding, Jianping

    2018-06-01

    Multifocal arrays have been attracting considerable attention recently owing to their potential applications in parallel optical tweezers, parallel single-molecule orientation determination, parallel recording and multifocal multiphoton microscopy. However, the generation of vectorial multifocal arrays with a tailorable structure and polarization state remains a great challenge, and reports on multifocal arrays have hitherto been restricted either to scalar focal spots without polarization versatility or to regular arrays with fixed spacing. In this work, we propose a specific pseudo-period encoding technique to create three-dimensional (3D) vectorial multifocal arrays with the ability to manipulate the position, polarization state and intensity of each focal spot. We experimentally validated the flexibility of our approach in the generation of 3D vectorial multiple spots with polarization multiplicity and position tunability.

  8. Estado de salud bucal en la población geriátrica de la casa de abuelos 28 de septiembre

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Karelia Castro Figueredo

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en la casa de abuelos “28 de Septiembre”, perteneciente al municipio de Las Tunas, en el periodo de septiembre de 2013 a junio de 2014, con el objetivo de caracterizar el estado de salud bucal de esta población, conformada por los 44 gerontes que asistieron a la referida casa de abuelos en el periodo de estudio. Se evaluaron variables como el nivel de escolaridad, las enfermedades bucales presentes, los factores asociados y el nivel de conocimiento sobre salud bucal. Se utilizaron los porcentajes como medidas de resumen para las variables seleccionadas. El grupo de edad que predominó fue el de 80 y más, la mayor parte de ellos fue del sexo masculino y con primaria terminada. La enfermedad bucal que más abundó fue la caries dental y el factor asociado predominante fue la deficiente higiene bucal. La mayor parte de los pacientes estudiados formó parte del grupo II de los enfermos, según la clasificación epidemiológica. Primaron los pacientes con bajos conocimientos sobre las enfermedades bucodentales

  9. Amiloidosis bucal Oral amyloidosis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Isabella Lima Arrais Ribeiro

    2012-03-01

    Full Text Available A amiloidose é uma doença complexa rara de difícil diagnóstico que ocorre devido à deposição de substância amilóide no meio extracelular. Ao ser diagnosticado na cavidade bucal, deve-se monitorar o paciente a fim de avaliar possíveis complicações sistêmicas da doença. Diante disso, o objetivo do presente estudo é relatar um caso de amiloidose oral em uma paciente do gênero feminino de 72 anos de idade. Baseado nos sinais clínicos observados, a hipótese diagnóstica foi de fibroma traumático. Após realização de biópsia e exame histopatológico, o diagnóstico foi de amiloidose oral, o que foi confirmado com a coloração do espécime com o reagente vermelho congo. Depósitos de amilóide foram encontrados no tecido conjuntivo, na avaliação através da luz polarizada, que apresentou birrefringência. Tal achado foi preocupante, já que a amiloidose geralmente acomete diversos tecidos levando a comprometimentos sistêmicos. Por essa razão a paciente foi encaminhada a procurar atendimento médico. No entanto, houve abandono do tratamento e a mesma veio a óbito 6 meses após o diagnóstico da doença. Lesões orais aparentemente simples podem revelar doenças raras e de difícil tratamento. O diagnóstico preciso e acompanhamentos médicos são fundamentais na sobrevida do paciente.La amiloidosis es una enfermedad compleja, rara, de difícil diagnóstico, que ocurre debido al depósito de sustancia amiloidea en medio extracelular. Al ser diagnosticada en la cavidad bucal, el paciente debe tener supervisión médica para evaluar las posibles complicaciones sistémicas de la enfermedad. El objetivo del presente estudio fue presentar un caso de amiloidosis bucal en un paciente del género femenino de 72 años de edad. Basados en las señales clínicas observadas, la hipótesis diagnóstica fue de un fibroma traumático. Después de la realización de una biopsia y del examen histopatológico, el diagnóstico fue de amiloidosis

  10. Experimental In Vivo Models of Candidiasis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Esther Segal

    2018-02-01

    Full Text Available Candidiasis is a multifaceted fungal disease including mucosal-cutaneous, visceral, and disseminated infections caused by yeast species of the genus Candida. Candida infections are among the most common human mycoses. Candida species are the third to fourth most common isolates from bloodstream infections in neutropenic or immunocompromised hospitalized patients. The mucosal-cutaneous forms—particularly vaginal infections—have a high prevalence. Vaginitis caused by Candida species is the second most common vaginal infection. Hence, candidiasis is a major subject for research, including experimental in vivo models to study pathogenesis, prevention, or therapy of the disease. The following review article will focus on various experimental in vivo models in different laboratory animals, such as mammals (mice, rats, rabbits, the fruit fly–Drosophila melanogaster, the larvae of the moth Galleria mellonella, or the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. The review will describe the induction of the different clinical forms of candidiasis in the various models and the validity of such models in mimicking the human clinical situations. The use of such models for the assessment of antifungal drugs, evaluation of potential vaccines to protect before candidiasis, exploration of Candida virulence factors, and comparison of pathogenicity of different Candida species will be included in the review. All of the above will be reported as based on published studies of numerous investigators as well as on the research of the author and his group.

  11. Clinical features of Candidiasis in patients with inherited interleukin 12 receptor β1 deficiency.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ouederni, Monia; Sanal, Ozden; Ikinciogullari, Aydan; Tezcan, Ilhan; Dogu, Figen; Sologuren, Ithaisa; Pedraza-Sánchez, Sigifredo; Keser, Melike; Tanir, Gonul; Nieuwhof, Chris; Colino, Elena; Kumararatne, Dinakantha; Levy, Jacov; Kutukculer, Necil; Aytekin, Caner; Herrera-Ramos, Estefanía; Bhatti, Micah; Karaca, Neslihan; Barbouche, Ridha; Broides, Arnon; Goudouris, Ekaterini; Franco, José Luis; Parvaneh, Nima; Reisli, Ismail; Strickler, Alexis; Shcherbina, Anna; Somer, Ayper; Segal, Anthony; Angel-Moreno, Alfonso; Lezana-Fernandez, José Luis; Bejaoui, Mohamed; Bobadilla-Del Valle, Miriam; Kachboura, Salem; Sentongo, Timothy; Ben-Mustapha, Imen; Bustamante, Jacinta; Picard, Capucine; Puel, Anne; Boisson-Dupuis, Stéphanie; Abel, Laurent; Casanova, Jean-Laurent; Rodríguez-Gallego, Carlos

    2014-01-01

    Interleukin 12Rβ1 (IL-12Rβ1)-deficient patients are prone to clinical disease caused by mycobacteria, Salmonella, and other intramacrophagic pathogens, probably because of impaired interleukin 12-dependent interferon γ production. About 25% of patients also display mucocutaneous candidiasis, probably owing to impaired interleukin 23-dependent interleukin 17 immunity. The clinical features and outcome of candidiasis in these patients have not been described before, to our knowledge. We report here the clinical signs of candidiasis in 35 patients with IL-12Rβ1 deficiency. Most (n = 71) of the 76 episodes of candidiasis were mucocutaneous. Isolated oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) was the most common presentation (59 episodes, 34 patients) and was recurrent or persistent in 26 patients. Esophageal candidiasis (n = 7) was associated with proven OPC in 2 episodes, and cutaneous candidiasis (n = 2) with OPC in 1 patient, whereas isolated vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC; n = 3) was not. Five episodes of proven invasive candidiasis were documented in 4 patients; 1 of these episodes was community acquired in the absence of any other comorbid condition. The first episode of candidiasis occurred earlier in life (median age±standard deviation, 1.5 ± 7.87 years) than infections with environmental mycobacteria (4.29 ± 11.9 years), Mycobacterium tuberculosis (4 ± 3.12 years), or Salmonella species (4.58 ± 4.17 years) or other rare infections (3 ± 11.67 years). Candidiasis was the first documented infection in 19 of the 35 patients, despite the vaccination of 10 of these 19 patients with live bacille Calmette-Guérin. Patients who are deficient in IL-12Rβ1 may have candidiasis, usually mucocutaneous, which is frequently recurrent or persistent. Candidiasis may be the first clinical manifestation in these patients.

  12. Clinical Features of Candidiasis in Patients With Inherited Interleukin 12 Receptor β1 Deficiency

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ouederni, Monia; Sanal, Ozden; Ikincioğullari, Aydan; Tezcan, Ilhan; Dogu, Figen; Sologuren, Ithaisa; Pedraza-Sánchez, Sigifredo; Keser, Melike; Tanir, Gonul; Nieuwhof, Chris; Colino, Elena; Kumararatne, Dinakantha; Levy, Jacov; Kutukculer, Necil; Aytekin, Caner; Herrera-Ramos, Estefanía; Bhatti, Micah; Karaca, Neslihan; Barbouche, Ridha; Broides, Arnon; Goudouris, Ekaterini; Franco, José Luis; Parvaneh, Nima; Reisli, Ismail; Strickler, Alexis; Shcherbina, Anna; Somer, Ayper; Segal, Anthony; Angel-Moreno, Alfonso; Lezana-Fernandez, José Luis; Bejaoui, Mohamed; Bobadilla-Del Valle, Miriam; Kachboura, Salem; Sentongo, Timothy; Ben-Mustapha, Imen; Bustamante, Jacinta; Picard, Capucine; Puel, Anne; Boisson-Dupuis, Stéphanie; Abel, Laurent; Casanova, Jean-Laurent; Rodríguez-Gallego, Carlos

    2014-01-01

    Background. Interleukin 12Rβ1 (IL-12Rβ1)–deficient patients are prone to clinical disease caused by mycobacteria, Salmonella, and other intramacrophagic pathogens, probably because of impaired interleukin 12–dependent interferon γ production. About 25% of patients also display mucocutaneous candidiasis, probably owing to impaired interleukin 23–dependent interleukin 17 immunity. The clinical features and outcome of candidiasis in these patients have not been described before, to our knowledge. We report here the clinical signs of candidiasis in 35 patients with IL-12Rβ1 deficiency. Results. Most (n = 71) of the 76 episodes of candidiasis were mucocutaneous. Isolated oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) was the most common presentation (59 episodes, 34 patients) and was recurrent or persistent in 26 patients. Esophageal candidiasis (n = 7) was associated with proven OPC in 2 episodes, and cutaneous candidiasis (n = 2) with OPC in 1 patient, whereas isolated vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC; n = 3) was not. Five episodes of proven invasive candidiasis were documented in 4 patients; 1 of these episodes was community acquired in the absence of any other comorbid condition. The first episode of candidiasis occurred earlier in life (median age±standard deviation, 1.5 ± 7.87 years) than infections with environmental mycobacteria (4.29 ± 11.9 years), Mycobacterium tuberculosis (4 ± 3.12 years), or Salmonella species (4.58 ± 4.17 years) or other rare infections (3 ± 11.67 years). Candidiasis was the first documented infection in 19 of the 35 patients, despite the vaccination of 10 of these 19 patients with live bacille Calmette-Guérin. Conclusions. Patients who are deficient in IL-12Rβ1 may have candidiasis, usually mucocutaneous, which is frequently recurrent or persistent. Candidiasis may be the first clinical manifestation in these patients. PMID:24186907

  13. Comparison of outcomes with multifocal intraocular lenses: a meta-analysis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Béatrice Cochener

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Béatrice Cochener1, Antoine Lafuma2, Babak Khoshnood2, Laurène Courouve2, Gilles Berdeaux3,41Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Brest, Brest, France; 2Cemka Eval, Bourg la Reine, France; 3Alcon France, Rueil-Malmaison, France; 4Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, Paris, FrancePurpose: To compare the clinical outcome of different multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs based on information reported in the international literature.Methods: All comparative clinical trials that involved implanting at least one multifocal IOL in patients with cataract or presbyopia were extracted from the literature. Clinical outcomes included uncorrected near visual acuity, uncorrected distance visual acuity, visual acuity, spectacle independence, and halos. Random effects meta-analyses were conducted to compare outcomes for the different IOL types.Results: Twenty papers were identified describing 11 monofocal IOLs and 35 multifocal IOLs (19 diffractive, including 12 ReSTOR®, 14 refractive, and two accommodative patient cohorts. Multifocal and monofocal uncorrected distance visual acuity was 0.165 (0.090–0.240 and 0.093 (0.088–0.098, respectively. Compared with monofocal IOLs, multifocal IOLs produced better uncorrected near visual acuity (0.470 [0.322–0.618] versus 0.141 [0.131–0.152]; P < 0.0001, resulting in higher spectacle independence (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 3.62 [2.90–4.52]; P < 0.0001. Compared with refractive multifocal IOLs, diffractive multifocal IOLs produced a similar uncorrected distance visual acuity (0.105 [0.098–0.111] versus 0.085 [0.029–0.140]; P ≤ 0.78, not significant and better uncorrected near visual acuity (0.217 [0.118–0.317] versus 0.082 [0.067–0.098]; P < 0.0001 resulting in higher spectacle independence (IRR 1.75 [1.24–2.48]; P < 0.001. Compared with other multifocal IOLs, ReSTOR produced a better uncorrected distance visual acuity (0.067 [0.059–0.076] versus 0.093 [0.088–0.098]; P < 0.0001 and better

  14. Intervención educativa sobre higiene bucal en escolares del seminternado “Jesús Argüelles Hidalgo”

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nivia M. Aguilera Trotman

    2015-11-01

    Full Text Available Se realizó una intervención educativa en la rama de las Ciencias Médicas, específicamente en la estomatología, con el objetivo de elevar el nivel de conocimiento sobre higiene bucal en escolares de ocho a doce años de edad del seminternado “Jesús Argüelles Hidalgo”, perteneciente a la clínica estomatológica “Guillermo Tejas” del municipio de Las Tunas, en el período comprendido de mayo de 2010 a mayo de 2012. El universo estuvo constituido por 392 escolares, seleccionándose una muestra de 150 que cumplió con los criterios establecidos. La intervención educativa se desarrolló con previa organización de los temas en ocho sesiones, y con el empleo de técnicas educativas y diferentes medios de enseñanza. A los escolares se les aplicó un cuestionario, determinándose así el nivel de conocimiento sobre salud bucal y para determinar el comportamiento de la higiene bucal se utilizó el índice de higiene bucal de Love, al inicio y final del estudio; además, se ejecutó una lluvia de ideas para conocer las necesidades sentidas al inicio de la intervención. Se aplicó el modelo de David Leyva, determinándose las necesidades de aprendizaje. Prevaleció el grupo de ocho a diez años de edad, así como el sexo masculino. Se compararon los resultados iniciales con los obtenidos al finalizar la intervención, concluyendo que se logró elevar el nivel de conocimientos sobre salud bucal de los escolares y se mejoró la higiene bucal de los mismos; la intervención educativa fue satisfactoria.

  15. Alteraciones de la mucosa bucal causadas por la asociación entre el tabaco y los colutorios bucales con una concentración de alcohol del 26,9 %

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Anna Christina Medeiros Fossati

    Full Text Available Se analizaron el epitelio y la capa de queratina de la mucosa oral de 15 ratas que durante 45 días fueron sometidas a una aplicación tópica de picadura de tabaco y de colutorio bucal con una concentración de alcohol del 26,9 %. Tras ese período, se extrajeron las mucosas y se les realizó un análisis histológico. Se observó una significativa disminución del espesor del epitelio y de la capa de queratina, lo que indica que la picadura asociada con colutorios bucales con alta concentración de alcohol, provoca la reducción del espesor de la capa de queratina y del epitelio de la boca.

  16. Cirugía bucal mayor ambulatoria

    OpenAIRE

    Carranza Pelegrina, Daniela; Bellorbí Malet, I.; Brescó Salinas, Vicente Miguel; Berini Aytés, Leonardo; Gay Escoda, Cosme

    2004-01-01

    La Cirugía Bucal Mayor Ambulatoria ( CBMA) se define como un modelo organizativo óptimo de asis­tencia quirúrgica multidisci­plinaria que permite tratar a determinados pacientes de una forma segura y efectiva sin necesidad de contar con la cama de hospitalización tradicional. De esta manera se llevan a cabo distintos procedimientos diagnósticos y terapéuticos de mediana complejidad en los que el enfermo regresa a su domici­lio después de un periodo de observación y control. Entre las ventajas...

  17. El embarazo y la salud bucal

    OpenAIRE

    Bouza Vera, Meylín; Martínez Abreu, Judit; Carmenate Rodríguez, Yamila; Betancourt González, Magdalena; García Nicieza, Maydelis

    2016-01-01

    El embarazo es un proceso natural y sublime en la vida de una mujer, etapa que está acompañada de cambios fisiológicos, patológicos y psicológicos. El aumento de los niveles hormonales, entre ellos, de estrógenos y progesteronas indispensables para el desarrollo del feto, se asocian a enfermedades bucales como la gingivitis del embarazo. Por su parte, la gonadotropina, se relaciona con náuseas y vómitos, que pueden llegar a producir erosión del esmalte. Este malestar trae consigo un inadecuad...

  18. Reorientación de la Atención Básica en Salud Bucal en Unaí – Minas Gerais

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luciano José ARANTES

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo estudiar como ocurre la atención básica en salud bucal en el municipio de la ciudad de Unaí – M.G y, también, proponer una reorientación del modelo encontrado adoptando como parámetro una programación estratégica. Esa programación fue elaborada con base en las políticas nacionales del estado de Minas Gerais y del municipio de Unaí para el desarrollo de las prácticas de salud bucal. Fue utilizado un cuestionario tipo “Likert” para recolección de datos en una muestra con formación de profesionales de salud bucal, gestor municipal y consejero de salud. La atención básica en salud bucal fue caracterizada como incipiente debido a la programación y evaluación de los servicios, territorialización y restricción de la población, realización de exámenes epidemiológicos y, también, de la primera consulta odontológica y establecimiento de mecanismos de referencia y contra referencia. Las acciones de acogida, educación en salud bucal, precaución específica, fluoración del abastecimiento de agua y diagnóstico precoz de incidentes en el estómago resgistraron en el grado intermediario. La atención de emergencia y el tratamiento realizado en grupos prioritarios fueron considerados por la mayoría de los entrevistados como satisfactorios. La inserción de profesionales de la salud bucal en la filosofía de trabajo de la estrategia salud de la familia parece ser la opción más viable para una reorientación del modelo de atención básica en salud bucal en Unaí-MG.

  19. Congenital candidiasis as a subject of research in medicine and human ecology.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Skoczylas, Michał M; Walat, Anna; Kordek, Agnieszka; Loniewska, Beata; Rudnicki, Jacek; Maleszka, Romuald; Torbé, Andrzej

    2014-01-01

    Congenital candidiasis is a severe complication of candidal vulvovaginitis. It occurs in two forms,congenital mucocutaneous candidiasis and congenital systemic candidiasis. Also newborns are in age group the most vulnerable to invasive candidiasis. Congenital candidiasis should be considered as an interdisciplinary problem including maternal and fetal condition (including antibiotic therapy during pregnancy), birth age and rare genetic predispositions as severe combined immunodeficiency or neutrophil-specific granule deficiency. Environmental factors are no less important to investigate in diagnosing, treatment and prevention. External factors (e.g., food) and microenvironment of human organism (microflora of the mouth, intestine and genitalia) are important for solving clinical problems connected to congenital candidiasis. Physician knowledge about microorganisms in a specific compartments of the microenvironment of human organism and in the course of defined disorders of homeostasis makes it easier to predict the course of the disease and allows the development of procedures that can be extremely helpful in individualized diagnostic and therapeutic process.

  20. Vulvovaginal Candidiasis in Pregnant Women and its Importance for Candida Colonization of Newborns

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Zisova Liliya G.

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available Vulvovaginal candidiasis is the second most common cause of vaginitis worldwide (after bacterial candidiasis. Maternal vulvovaginal candidiasis is a major risk factor for Candida colonization and infection of the infant where prognosis depends on different predisposing factors. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and the etiological structure of vulvovaginal candidiasis in pregnant women and its impact on Candida colonization of newborns.

  1. Posterior pharyngeal candidiasis in the absence of clinically overt oral involvement: a cross-sectional study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Glavey, Siobhan V; Keane, Niamh; Power, Maria; O'Regan, Anthony W

    2013-12-01

    Although oropharyngeal candidiasis is associated with inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) usage, there is sparse data on the prevalence of posterior pharyngeal candidiasis in those without any detectable oral candidiasis on clinical examination. We systematically investigated the relationship between oral candidiasis on clinical examination and the presence of posterior pharyngeal candidiasis at bronchoscopy. We conducted a cross-sectional study on a convenience sample of 100 patients undergoing bronchoscopy at our institution. Patients were assessed for symptoms of and risk factors for candida infection and had an examination of their oropharynx for evidence of candidiasis before bronchoscopy. They subsequently had a detailed assessment for posterior candidiasis at bronchoscopy. We performed a posteriori subgroup analysis, which focused solely on those patients on ICS maintenance therapy. Median age was 54.7 (27-84) years, and 55 patients were male; 47 % of patients were on ICS, and 20 % of this cohort received recent oral corticosteroids. Twenty-eight percent of this convenience sample had posterior pharyngeal candidiasis; however, only 10.7 % (3/28) of these patients had clinically detectable oral candidiasis on clinical examination before bronchoscopy. Factors that were independently associated with the presence of pharyngeal candidiasis at bronchoscopy were OR (95 % CI) ICS usage 6.9 (2.5-19.2), particularly fluticasone usage 6.8 (2.62-17.9) and the presence of dysphonia 3.2 (1.3-8.0). In the subgroup analysis of ICS usage, posterior pharyngeal candidiasis was correlated with the presence of dysphonia but was not independently associated with fluticasone or budesonide dosage. This study demonstrates that posterior pharyngeal candidiasis in the absence of clinically overt oral candidiasis is frequent amongst ICS users. A history of ICS use, particularly fluticasone usage, as well as the presence of dysphonia are associated with posterior pharyngeal candidiasis at

  2. Percepção de equipes de saúde bucal no norte de Minas Gerais sobre a formação de técnicos em saúde bucal do SUS

    OpenAIRE

    Silva, Maria Patrícia da; Costa, Georgia Sarmento; Crispim, Zaida Angela Marinho de Paiva; Castro, Eveline Andries; Cerqueira, Marília Borborema Rodrigues; Garibalde, Elika

    2014-01-01

    A inclusão das Equipes de Saúde Bucal na Estratégia Saúde da Família representa uma mudança na saúde pública. Este estudo tem como objetivo conhecer percepções de egressos e coordenadores da formação técnica ministrada pela Escola Técnica de Saúde para Técnicos em Saúde Bucal em municípios do Norte de Minas Gerais, a partir do Programa Brasil Sorridente. A metodologia utilizada é exploratória-descritiva, com ênfase qualitativa. Os egressos afirmam que a participação no curso beneficia o servi...

  3. Reflexões sobre a saúde bucal no Brasil

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    Anya Pimentel Gomes Fernandes Vieira Meyer

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available No último século, numerosos avanços em pesquisas e tecnologias biomédicas na área odontológica foram responsáveis por melhorias na saúde e no bem-estar das populações(1. Entretanto, apesar das grandes realizações no âmbito da saúde bucal, muitos problemas ainda permanecem, como a cárie dental, a mais comum das doenças bucais. A prevalência da cárie dentária apresentou uma tendência de declínio nas três últimas décadas do século XX e no início do século XXI, especialmente nos países desenvolvidos, contudo, ainda é considerada uma importante questão de saúde pública mundial, afetando de 60% a 90% das crianças em idade escolar, além da vasta maioria dos adultos(2-4. No levantamento epidemiológico SB Brasil 2010(5, foram observadas melhoras na condição bucal dos brasileiros, porém, ainda é alta a prevalência de cárie. Entre os adolescentes de 15 a 19 anos, por exemplo, a média de dentes afetados foi de 4,25 mais que o dobro do número médio encontrado aos 12 anos. Entre os idosos de 65a 74 anos, o número de dentes cariados, perdidos e obturados (CPO praticamente não se alterou, ficando em 27,5 em 2010, enquanto, em 2003, a média era de 27,8. Em termos internacionais, de acordo com o Ministério da Saúde brasileiro(5,um estudo realizado pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS em 2004 indicou que, nos dados de 188 países, o valor médio do CPO aos 12 anos foi de 1,6, sendonas Américas a média de 2,8, enquanto na Europa ficou em 1,6. Na América do Sul,somente a Venezuela apresentou média de CPO aos 12 anos semelhante à brasileira(2,1. Nos demais países, as médias apresentaram-se mais altas, como na Argentina(3,4, Bolívia (4,7, Colômbia (2,3, Paraguai (2,8 e Peru (3,7. Os achados epidemiológicos de 2010 sobre a saúde bucal no Brasil(5mostraram que o país entrou para o grupo daqueles com baixa prevalência de carie aos 12 anos. Embora os resultados nesse quesito tenham sido animadores, a

  4. Multifocal versus monofocal intraocular lenses after cataract extraction

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    Daniel Calladine

    Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Good unaided distance visual acuity is now a realistic expectation following cataract surgery and intraocular lens (IOL implantation. Near vision, however, still requires additional refractive power, usually in the form of reading glasses. Multiple optic (multifocal IOLs are available which claim to allow good vision at a range of distances. It is unclear whether this benefit outweighs the optical compromises inherent in multifocal IOLs. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this review was to assess the effects of multifocal IOLs, including effects on visual acuity, subjective visual satisfaction, spectacle dependence, glare and contrast sensitivity, compared to standard monofocal lenses in people undergoing cataract surgery. METHODS: Search methods: We searched CENTRAL (which contains the Cochrane Eyes and Vision Group Trials Register, The Cochrane Library 2012, Issue 2, MEDLINE (January 1946 to March 2012, EMBASE (January 1980 to March 2012, the metaRegister of Controlled Trials (mRCT (www.controlled-trials.com, ClinicalTrials.gov (www.clinicaltrials.gov and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP (www.who.int/ictrp/search/en. We did not use any date or language restrictions in the electronic searches for trials. The electronic databases were last searched on 6 March 2012. We searched the reference lists of relevant articles and contacted investigators of included studies and manufacturers of multifocal IOLs for information about additional published and unpublished studies. Selection criteria: All randomised controlled trials comparing a multifocal IOL of any type with a monofocal IOL as control were included. Both unilateral and bilateral implantation trials were included. Data collection and analysis: Two authors collected data and assessed trial quality. Where possible, we pooled data from the individual studies using a random-effects model, otherwise we tabulated data. MAIN RESULTS: Sixteen completed trials

  5. Is empiric therapy with fluconazole appropriate for esophageal candidiasis?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sajith, Kattiparambil Gangadharan; Dutta, Amit Kumar; Sahni, Rani Diana; Esakimuthu, Saritha; Chacko, Ashok

    2014-03-01

    We studied the prevalence of fluconazole resistance in esophageal candidiasis. Patients with suspected esophageal candidiasis during gastroscopy underwent culture of white plaques. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) >64 μg/mL of fluconazole for Candida was indicative of resistance. Sensitivity of itraconazole was tested in a subset of resistant strains. Sixty-five patients were included. Mean (SD) age was 50.03 (13.5) years and 67.7 % were males. Predisposing factors for candidiasis were found in 42 (64.6 %) patients. C. albicans was identified in 64 (97.4 %) patients and C. glabrata in one patient. Fluconazole resistance was seen in 38 (59.4 %) patients with C. albicans and also in the one patient with C. glabrata. All the fluconazole resistant isolates of C. albicans had MIC >128 μg/mL suggesting very high resistance. Twelve patients with fluconazole resistance had itraconazole resistance as well. The study shows a high rate of fluconazole resistance in patients with esophageal candidiasis.

  6. Radiological findings in the diagnosis of genitourinary candidiasis

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Erden, A. [Dept. of Radiology, Univ. of Ankara (Turkey); Hafta Sokak, Ankara (Turkey); Fitoz, S.; Karaguelle, T.; Tuekel, S.; Akyar, S. [Dept. of Radiology, Univ. of Ankara (Turkey)

    2000-12-01

    The presence of fungus balls within the collecting system is an important clue to the radiological diagnosis of genitourinary candidiasis. In this report, an 8-month-old infant with this opportunistic infection is described. Emphasis is placed on the radiological findings of renal candidiasis, including previously unreported MR appearances. Sonographic and Doppler findings of accompanying Candida epididymitis are also described. (orig.)

  7. Radiological findings in the diagnosis of genitourinary candidiasis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Erden, A.; Fitoz, S.; Karaguelle, T.; Tuekel, S.; Akyar, S.

    2000-01-01

    The presence of fungus balls within the collecting system is an important clue to the radiological diagnosis of genitourinary candidiasis. In this report, an 8-month-old infant with this opportunistic infection is described. Emphasis is placed on the radiological findings of renal candidiasis, including previously unreported MR appearances. Sonographic and Doppler findings of accompanying Candida epididymitis are also described. (orig.)

  8. Primary candidiasis and squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx: report of a case.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lee, Dong Hoon; Cho, Hyong Ho

    2013-02-01

    Primary candidiasis is rare and often confused with a pre-cancerous lesion, squamous cell carcinoma, or verrucous carcinoma. We report an extremely rare case of squamous cell carcinoma of the vocal cord following primary candidiasis. A 62-year-old man presented to our department reporting a 1-month history of hoarseness. He underwent laryngeal microscopic surgery for a presumptive diagnosis of glottic carcinoma. Histopathologic examination revealed candidiasis and scattered moderate dysplasia. He was treated with itraconazole for 4 weeks, and followed up without any recurrence of candidiasis. However, the 42-month follow-up examination revealed a focal whitish lesion on the right true vocal cord, and a repeat biopsy of this area revealed squamous cell carcinoma without evidence of candidiasis. The patient was treated with radiotherapy and remains well with no signs of tumor recurrence or candidiasis.

  9. Calidad de vida y problemas bucales en preescolares de la provincia de Huaura, Lima.

    OpenAIRE

    López-Ramos, Roxana Patricia; García-Rupaya, Carmen Rosa

    2014-01-01

    Objetivos: Evaluar el impacto de los problemas bucales en la calidad de vida en niños de 3 a 5 años de la Institución Educativa Inicial del distrito Hualmay de la provincia de Huaura, departamento de Lima en el 2011. Material y Métodos: Este estudio fue de tipo descriptiva, transversal. Evaluó a 153 niños, a quienes se les examinó la cavidad bucal y al responsable del cuidado del niño se aplicó el Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS); previamente se realizó la validación peruana....

  10. Acute disseminated candidiasis with skin lesions: a systematic review.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Guarana, M; Nucci, M

    2018-03-01

    Neutropenic patients developing acute disseminated candidiasis may present with skin lesions. To evaluate the epidemiology of acute disseminated candidiasis with skin lesions in neutropenic patients, taking into consideration changes caused by different prophylactic strategies. A systematic review of English-language articles found via PubMed (1963-2016) was performed. We asked the following questions: (a) What Candida species are more frequently involved in this syndrome? (b) Has antifungal prophylaxis changed the species causing skin lesions? (c) What are the typical patterns of skin lesions? (d) What is the frequency of skin lesions in neutropenic patients with candidaemia or acute disseminated candidiasis? (e) Has antifungal prophylaxis decreased the incidence of acute disseminated candidiasis with skin lesions? Among 183 studies, 33 were selected, reporting 100 cases of acute disseminated candidiasis with skin lesions in neutropenic patients. It occurred more frequently in the setting of induction therapy for de novo or relapsed acute leukaemia, and the most frequent Candida species were C. tropicalis (68%) and C. krusei (15%). Diffuse maculopapular lesions predominated in cases caused by C. tropicalis and nodular and papular lesions in cases caused by C. krusei. Prophylaxis with fluconazole was reported in six cases, C. krusei in five and C. ciferrii in one. The death rate was 45.4%. Two patterns were recognized: disseminated maculopapular lesions caused by C. tropicalis in patients not receiving fluconazole prophylaxis, occurring in 39% to 44% of neutropenic patients with acute disseminated candidiasis, and nodular lesions caused by C. krusei in patients receiving fluconazole prophylaxis, occurring less frequently. Copyright © 2017 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  11. [Incremental cost effectiveness of multifocal cataract surgery].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pagel, N; Dick, H B; Krummenauer, F

    2007-02-01

    Supplementation of cataract patients with multifocal intraocular lenses involves an additional financial investment when compared to the corresponding monofocal supplementation, which usually is not funded by German health care insurers. In the context of recent resource allocation discussions, however, the cost effectiveness of multifocal cataract surgery could become an important rationale. Therefore an evidence-based estimation of its cost effectiveness was carried out. Three independent meta-analyses were implemented to estimate the gain in uncorrected near visual acuity and best corrected visual acuity (vision lines) as well as the predictability (fraction of patients without need for reading aids) of multifocal supplementation. Study reports published between 1995 and 2004 (English or German language) were screened for appropriate key words. Meta effects in visual gain and predictability were estimated by means and standard deviations of the reported effect measures. Cost data were estimated by German DRG rates and individual lens costs; the cost effectiveness of multifocal cataract surgery was then computed in terms of its marginal cost effectiveness ratio (MCER) for each clinical benefit endpoint; the incremental costs of multifocal versus monofocal cataract surgery were further estimated by means of their respective incremental cost effectiveness ratio (ICER). An independent meta-analysis estimated the complication profiles to be expected after monofocal and multifocal cataract surgery in order to evaluate expectable complication-associated additional costs of both procedures; the marginal and incremental cost effectiveness estimates were adjusted accordingly. A sensitivity analysis comprised cost variations of +/- 10 % and utility variations alongside the meta effect estimate's 95 % confidence intervals. Total direct costs from the health care insurer's perspective were estimated 3363 euro, associated with a visual meta benefit in best corrected visual

  12. Oral candidiasis in patients receiving radiation therapy for head and neck cancer.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Deng, Zeyi; Kiyuna, Asanori; Hasegawa, Masahiro; Nakasone, Isamu; Hosokawa, Atsushi; Suzuki, Mikio

    2010-08-01

    To investigate oral candidiasis in patients with head and neck cancer before, during, and after radiation therapy, and to explore its association with clinical oropharyngeal symptoms. A cohort study. University hospital. Subjects who received radiation therapy (RT) for the treatment of head and neck cancer were divided into two groups: an oral cavity irradiated group (OIRR group, n = 29) and an oral cavity nonirradiated group (ONIRR group, n = 17). A control group consisted of 18 healthy subjects. Patients were examined for signs of oral candidiasis before, during, immediately after, and one month after RT. Mouth and throat soreness (MTS), dysphagia, and xerostomia were evaluated by self-reported questionnaires, and associations between oral candidiasis and these symptoms were analyzed. The incidence of oral candidiasis during RT was significantly higher in the OIRR group (55.2%) than in the ONIRR group (11.8%). Similarly, the occurrence of xerostomia during RT was significantly higher in the OIRR group (86.2%) than in the ONIRR group (52.9%). In the OIRR group, the mean MTS score at the 20th fraction of RT was significantly higher in patients with candidiasis (mean +/- SD, 5.8 +/- 2.1) than in those with RT-induced mucositis without candidiasis (3.7 +/- 2.0). In the OIRR group, 65.2 percent of patients who experienced dysphagia developed oral candidiasis, compared with only 10 percent in the ONIRR group. Oral candidiasis concurrent with oral mucositis due to RT may increase oropharyngeal discomfort during RT. Copyright (c) 2010 American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

  13. Setting oral health goals that include oral health-related quality of life measures: a study carried out among adolescents in Thailand Incorporação da qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal em metas de saúde bucal: estudo conduzido em adolescentes tailandeses

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    Sudaduang Krisdapong

    2012-10-01

    Full Text Available The aim of this study was to assess the association between oral diseases and condition-specific oral health-related quality of life (CS-OHRQoL as a basis for proposing OHRQoL-based goals for the population of 15-year-olds in Thailand. Oral examinations and OHRQoL interviews were conducted with 871 15-year-olds as part of the Sixth Thailand National Oral Health Survey. The severity of oral impacts was categorized using "intensity". Associations between oral diseases and CS-OHRQoL were analyzed using chi-square and logistic regression. Thirty-nine percent of 15-year-olds experienced moderate/higher levels oral impacts on quality of life. Compared to those individuals with no tooth decay, adolescents with one or four or more decaying teeth were three and seven times more likely to experience moderate/higher impacts, respectively. Adolescents with extensive gingivitis in 3 or more mouth sextants were twice as likely to experience moderate/higher CS-impacts. Based on these findings, it is proposed that goals should focus on untreated decaying teeth and extensive gingivitis. Oral health goals for 15-year-olds should include specific OHRQoL measures.O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a associação entre doença bucal e a condição específica de qualidade de vida associada à saúde bucal (CS-OHRQoL, como base para propor OHRQoL metas para adolescentes tailandeses. Exame clínico bucal e entrevista foram realizados em 871 adolescentes na faixa etária de 15 anos, como parte da 6ª Pesquisa Nacional Tailandesa de Saúde Bucal. A severidade do impacto bucal foi categorizada usando-se a "intensidade". A associação entre doença bucal e CS-OHRQoL foi investigada usando-se o teste qui-quadrado e regressão lógica. Trinta e nove por cento da amostra reportaram impactos bucais de grau moderado/elevado. A probabilidade de reportar um impacto bucal de grau moderado/elevado dos adolescentes com um dente cariado e aqueles com 4 ou mais foi 3 e 7 vezes

  14. Pautas orientadoras para la promoción de la salud bucal en la primera infancia para profesionales de salud

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    Gloria Esperanza González C.

    2012-11-01

    Full Text Available La salud bucal es parte integral de la salud general del individuo. Lasafecciones bucales más prevalentes en niños son las alteraciones delcrecimiento y desarrollo bucodental, y la caries. Las primeras, generalmente están relacionadas con hábitos orales nocivos, patronesalimentarios inadecuados y la adquisición tardía de funciones comola masticación que generan maloclusiones. La caries, enfermedadcrónica más frecuente en la infancia, causa graves consecuencias enla salud del niño como dolor, infecciones faciales, hospitalizacionesy consultas frecuentes a los servicios de urgencia. Se pretende proponer una guía que permita detectar tempranamente los factoresde riesgo para la caries de infancia temprana y maloclusiones a losprofesionales de salud que entran tempranamente en contacto conel bebé y su familia para la promoción de salud bucal. Es esencial elcuidado de la salud oral de la madre gestante incentivando la lactanciamaterna como factor protector sobre la salud general y bucal delrecién nacido.

  15. A política de saúde bucal em pauta no Conselho Municipal de Saúde no Município de Nova Friburgo - RJ

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    Rafael Gomes Ditterich

    Full Text Available Objetivo O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar, por meio dos documentos técnicos do Conselho Municipal de Saúde (CMS, a organização dos serviços de saúde bucal no Município de Nova Friburgo - RJ, a partir da institucionalização da Política Nacional de Saúde Bucal. Metodologia Para a análise documental, utilizou-se o registro de frequência e categorização por assunto: saúde bucal das atas do CMS de junho/2006 a agosto/2011, do Plano Municipal de Saúde de 2003-2005 e 2010-2013, e os documentos encaminhados entre 2005 e 2011. Resultado Os registros analisados até 2012 indicaram que a população estava desassistida na questão da média complexidade, como também no acesso à água fluoretada. As equipes de saúde bucal ainda não tinham sido qualificadas e ampliadas, como é bem colocado como prioridade no Brasil Sorridente. O Município ainda não desenvolvia programas de prevenção e promoção de saúde bucal de forma contínua e efetiva. Conclusão Concluiu-se que a Política Nacional de Saúde Bucal, até o ano de 2012, não tinha ainda reflexo nas ações de saúde bucal em Nova Friburgo.

  16. Candidal carriage predicts candidiasis during topical immunosuppressive therapy: a preliminary retrospective cohort study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tejani, Sara; Sultan, Ahmed; Stojanov, Ivan; Woo, Sook-Bin

    2016-10-01

    To determine (1) the prevalence of candidal carriage in patients with oral mucosal disease to be treated with topical immunosuppressive therapy, and (2) the incidence of oral candidiasis among carriers and noncarriers after initiation of therapy to assess any correlation between carriage and the development of candidiasis. Records of patients who underwent swab cultures for Candida between January 2009 and October 2014 at the Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, were retrospectively reviewed. The prevalence of candidal carriage and incidence of candidiasis were determined by using descriptive statistics. Of 99 evaluable patients, 20 (20.2%) were Candida positive and 79 (79.8%) were Candida negative. Of 44 patients with follow-up, 7 (15.9%) were Candida positive and 37 (84.1%) were Candida negative; five (11.4%) developed candidiasis. Four of seven (57.1%) Candida-positive patients developed candidiasis, whereas only one of 37 (2.7%) Candida-negative patients developed candidiasis (P = .0012). The overall prevalence of candidal carriage was low (20.2%), and there was a significant difference in the incidence of candidiasis between carriers and noncarriers (P = .0012) after topical immunosuppressive therapy. Therefore, patients who are candidal carriers should be monitored closely for the development of secondary candidiasis and may be candidates for prophylactic antifungal therapy. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  17. Pathogenesis of invasive candidiasis.

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Veerdonk, F.L. van de; Kullberg, B.J.; Netea, M.G.

    2010-01-01

    PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Disseminated candidiasis remains a life-threatening disease in the ICU. The development of invasive disease with Candida albicans is dependent on multiple factors, such as colonization and efficient host defense at the mucosa. In the present review, we describe the host defense

  18. Associação entre resiliência e qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal em idosos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maurício Fernando Nunes Teixeira

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar a associação entre resiliência e qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal, por meio de uma abordagem hierárquica baseada em um modelo teórico conceitual em uma coorte de idosos do Rio Grande do Sul. MÉTODOS: Foi conduzido um estudo transversal aninhado a um estudo de coorte, em 2008. Foram avaliados 498 idosos de Carlos Barbosa, Rio Grande do Sul. As medidas avaliadas foram sociodemográficas, comportamentos de saúde, qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal, medida pelo Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14, Escala de Resiliência e CPOD. A associação entre o potencial de resiliência e os impactos na percepção de saúde bucal relacionados à qualidade de vida foi verificada por meio de regressão binomial negativa. Razões das médias (RM são apresentadas com seus intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%. RESULTADOS: Maiores médias do OHIP foram encontradas entre mulheres (6,7 ± 6,3; p = 0,011, moradores da zona rural (7,3 ± 6,7; p = 0,004 e solteiros (8,0 ± 6,3; p = 0,032. O modelo final da análise multivariada mostrou que ser morador da zona rural (RM = 1,32; IC95% 1,06 - 1,65 e casado (RM = 1,36; IC95% 1,07 - 1,72 foram variáveis independentemente associadas à qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal. Não houve associação entre resiliência e qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados sugerem que variáveis sociodemográficas estão associados à qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal. A hipótese de que a resiliência pudesse exercer um papel importante no desfecho não foi confirmada.

  19. Repercusiones de la salud bucal sobre calidad de vida por ciclo vital individual

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Iván Porto Puerta

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available La calidad de vida re ere ser un tema muy debatido y estudiado, por ser el objetivo nal básico de la salud pública. Diversas investigaciones reportan su relación con el estado de salud personal apareciendo el concepto Calidad de vida relacionada con la Salud (CVRS y a su vez se encuentran relaciones más especí cas que reportan como alteraciones en diferentes sistemas y órganos del cuerpo como la boca, impactan en ella, apareciendo también el concepto de Calidad de vida relacionada con la Salud Bucal (CVRSB. El impacto de la CVRSB ha sido estudiado principalmente en adultos mayores pero solo a través de estos últimos años se ha estudiado en diferentes etapas de la vida y poco se dispone de manera conjunta de la evolución de este concepto a través de las etapas de la vida. Objetivo. Identi car principales afecciones bucales y sus repercusiones sobre la CVRSB por cada etapa del ciclo vital individual (CVI. Metodología. Se realizó una revisión sistemática, a través de buscadores Med-line, Pubmed, Scielo, Scopus, Latin index, Redalyc y Google académico seleccionando artículos de investigación originales, casos clínicos y revisiones realizadas en español, francés e inglés. Resultados. En las primeras etapas de la vida la caries dental corresponde a la enfermedad bucal que más impacta sobre la Calidad de vida, por otro lado las limitaciones funcionales, tales como comer, dormir y hablar son las repercusiones más comprometidas; a partir de la adolescencia hasta el nal de la vida, una inadecuada estética dento-facial representa la afección que más compromete CVRSB generando así, alteraciones psicosociales tales como depresión, ansiedad y aislamiento. Conclusiones. El impacto de las diferentes afecciones bucales sobre la CVRSB cambia a través del CVI por las diferentes percepciones y prioridades propias de cada etapa y prevalencia de las enfermedades bucales. Estos resultados re ejan un gran

  20. Oral candidiasis following steroid therapy for oral lichen planus.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Marable, D R; Bowers, L M; Stout, T L; Stewart, C M; Berg, K M; Sankar, V; DeRossi, S S; Thoppay, J R; Brennan, M T

    2016-03-01

    The purpose of this multicentre study was to determine the incidence of oral candidiasis in patients treated with topical steroids for oral lichen planus (OLP) and to determine whether the application of a concurrent antifungal therapy prevented the development of an oral candidiasis in these patients. Records of 315 patients with OLP seen at four Oral Medicine practices treated for at least 2 weeks with steroids with and without the use of an antifungal regimen were retrospectively reviewed. The overall incidence of oral fungal infection in those treated with steroid therapy for OLP was 13.6%. There was no statistically significant difference in the rate of oral candidiasis development in those treated with an antifungal regimen vs those not treated prophylactically (14.3% vs 12.6%) (P = 0.68). Despite the use of various regimens, none of the preventive antifungal strategies used in this study resulted in a significant difference in the rate of development of an oral candidiasis in patients with OLP treated with steroids. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  1. Ultrasound scan in the diagnosis of neonatal renal candidiasis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Muro, D.; Sanguesa, C.; Torres, D.; Berbel, O.; Andres, V.

    2003-01-01

    To describe the most pertinent echographic findings regarding systemic and renal candidiasis in high-risk neonates. Echographic findings and clinical histories of 40 neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit were retrospectively analyzed. Thirty-eight presented systemic candidiasis with renal participation, while two showed only renal candidiasis. Ultrasound scans were performed using 7.5 MHz probes. Alterations in renal echo structure, presence of echogenic material without acoustic shadowing in the excretory system (mycetoma), presence of lithiasis, pyonephrosis and associated renal malformations were all evaluated. Ten patients presented renal alterations in ultrasound scan. Six children had originally shown increased eye-catching in the renal parenchyma which was resolved after medical treatment. Four children presented renal mycetoma, and in two there were renal malformations. Both of these exhibited a profile for pyonephrosis. One patient with renal mycetoma without urological abnormalities developed a lithiasis. Surgical intervention was unnecessary in all cases. The most common echographic findings in immature high-risk low-weight patients with systemic and renal candidiasis were alterations in the eye-catching of renal parenchyma and the presence of mycetoma. (Author) 22 refs

  2. Experiences of family members regarding the oral health care of children Experiencias del familiar en relación al cuidado con la salud bucal de niños Experiências do familiar em relação ao cuidado com a saúde bucal de crianças

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Célia Mara Garcia de Lima

    2011-02-01

    Full Text Available The aim of this study was to comprehend the experiences of family members regarding the oral health care of children. This was a qualitative study, conducted in 2007, in the health district of Ribeirão Preto, with 12 caregivers. The theoretical framework of vulnerability and the hermeneutical perspective were used. Three empirical categories were established: the meanings of oral health care, in search of the causes and prevention of oral diseases, and the reality of oral health services. Among other potentiating factors of infantile vulnerability to oral diseases, the overvaluation of biological causality, of high complexity care and of esthetic dentistry emerged, and among the protective factors, the valorization of popular knowledge and the integration of professional actions and knowledge were observed. This study indicates the necessity for a review of prevention and oral health promotion strategies and provides elements to assist health services to reorganize oral health care for children.Este estudio objetivó verificar la comprensión de las experiencias de los familiares en relación al cuidado con la salud bucal de los niños. Es un estudio cualitativo, realizado en 2007, en un distrito de salud del municipio de Ribeirao Preto-SP, con 12 cuidadores. Se utilizó el referencial teórico de la vulnerabilidad y la perspectiva hermenéutica. Tres categorías empíricas fueron elaboradas: los significados del cuidado con la salud bucal, en busca de las causas y de la prevención de daños bucales, y la realidad de los servicios de salud bucal. Entre otros elementos potencializadores de la vulnerabilidad infantil a los daños bucales, emergieron la supervalorización de la causalidad biológica, la atención de alta complejidad y la odontología estética; y, entre los protectores, la valorización de la sabiduría popular y la integración de acciones y conocimientos profesionales. Se señala que debe ser efectuada la revisión de las

  3. Epidemiologia e saúde bucal coletiva: um caminhar compartilhado Epidemiology and public health dentistry: a shared walkway

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli

    2006-03-01

    Full Text Available A saúde bucal coletiva, na medida em que surge como um modo de trazer a saúde bucal para o SUS (e vice-versa, tem, na epidemiologia, um de seus mais contundentes aliados. Este artigo discute o modo como se deu esse caminhar, trilhado compartilhadamente, entre a saúde bucal coletiva e a epidemiologia. Analisa, inicialmente, os esforços na tentativa de estabelecer modelos metodológicos para pesquisas transversais, bem como a possibilidade da construção de uma base de dados nacional. Num segundo momento, discute-se como esse conjunto de conhecimentos tem se corporificado em uma produção científica qualificada e compartilhada com seus pares, refletindo sobre o modo como este processo vem contribuindo para a consolidação do campo da saúde bucal coletiva. Percebe-se que este caminhar compartilhado esteve e está condicionado pela conjuntura política que, em momentos distintos, proporcionou o crescimento da saúde bucal coletiva. A epidemiologia em saúde bucal, ao mesmo tempo em que se consolida como área de conhecimento no plano da produção científica no Brasil, articula-se com este movimento, proporcionando, de um lado, uma ferramenta que aproxima os modelos assistenciais em saúde bucal do ideário do SUS; e, de outro, aprofunda as discussões a respeito dos determinantes biopsicossociais das doenças bucais.The public health dentistry is a way to bring oral health to Brazilian National Health System (SUS and vice-versa. Thus, the epidemiology, in this context, it is one of the most important allies. In this article we intend to discuss the "shared walkway" between epidemiology and public health dentistry, through two views: first, we analyzed the efforts to establish methodological models for oral health sectional studies and the possibilities to construct a national data base. Second, we discussed how this knowledge has been transformed in a qualified scientific production presented in meetings and papers, which reflects, at the

  4. Does multifocal papillary micro-carcinoma require radioiodine ablation?

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Punda, A.; Markovic, V.; Eterovic, D.

    2015-01-01

    Full text of publication follows. Background: the thyroid carcinomas smaller than 1 cm (micro-carcinomas) comprise a significant fraction of papillary carcinomas. Excluding clinical micro-carcinomas, which present as metastatic disease, the micro-carcinomas diagnosed by ultrasound/FNAC or incidentally have very good prognosis. However, whether or not these papillary micro-carcinomas require post-surgical radioiodine ablation remains a matter of debate. Hypothesis: multi-focality is present in majority of clinical papillary micro-carcinomas and this characteristic can be used to identify the subset of non-clinical micro-carcinomas with greater malignant potential. Methods: the data on types of differentiated thyroid carcinomas diagnosed in the period 2008-2011 in the University Hospital Split were collected. Results: there were 359 patients with thyroid carcinoma, 329 (92%) of which had papillary carcinoma. About 61% (202/329) of papillary carcinomas were micro-carcinomas; most of them were diagnosed by ultrasound/FNAC (134/202= 66%), the rest were incidentalomas (48/202=24%) and clinical micro carcinomas (20/202=10%). Sixty percent (12/20) of patients with clinical micro-carcinoma and 23 patients with non-clinical micro-carcinoma (23/182=13%) had multifocal disease. Conclusion: multifocal disease is a frequent characteristic of clinical papillary thyroid micro-carcinomas, suggesting that multi-focality presents an early stage of non-clinical micro-carcinomas with more aggressive behaviour. Thus multifocal, but not uni-focal papillary micro-carcinomas may require radioiodine ablation. (authors)

  5. Material educativo computarizado sobre salud bucal diseñado para sordos. Experiencia en Mérida, Venezuela

    OpenAIRE

    Perdomo, Bexi J.; Dávila, Deysimar; Flores, Marco; Morales, Oscar Alberto

    2014-01-01

    Artículo publicado en la Revista Multiciencias Vol. 14 Nº 3, 2014 (289 - 296). ISSN 1317-2255 / Dep. legal pp. 200002FA828. Universidad del Zulia (LUZ) - Núcleo Punto Fijo Las comunidades con diversidad funcional, dentro de las cuales se encuentra la Comunidad Sorda, tienden a verse en desventaja al momento de tener acceso a información sobre salud bucal.Enese contexto surgió un proyecto amplio orientado a la generación recursos educativos en salud bucal para poblaciones con diversidad fun...

  6. La prótesis bucal como causante del carcinoma espinocelular oral

    OpenAIRE

    Caballero Herrera, Rafael; Bru de Sala Oms, Carlos

    1998-01-01

    La aparición de cáncer bucal está vinculada a múltiples factores de riesgo. En este artículo queremos exponer como uno de ellos la úlcera crónica producida por las prótesis dentales removibles o fijas.

  7. Cerebral candidiasis in a 4-year-old boy after intestinal surgery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Shu-Cheng

    2015-03-01

    Cerebral candidiasis is a devastating disease which contributes to a high mortality. Most of the cerebral candidiasis are never microbiologically or radiologically confirmed. In this case, a 4-year-old boy who developed cerebral candidiasis was successfully rescued and presented. The diagnosis of cerebral candidiasis was established based on both microbiologic and radiologic examinations. The pathogen was revealed to be Candida albicans by cerebrospinal fluid and central venous catheter cultures, and the cerebral involvement was recorded by series head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with an appearance of special encephalitis demonstrated. The imaging studies played a critical role throughout the diagnosis and treatment. Familiarity with the imaging findings in the appropriate clinical setting may result in a heightened level of awareness of this infection and, consequently, in earlier diagnosis and treatment. © The Author(s) 2014.

  8. Fluconazole for ketoconazole-resistant oropharyngeal candidiasis in HIV-1 infected patients

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Thorsen, S; Mathiesen, Lars Reinhardt

    1990-01-01

    The efficacy of fluconazole in doses ranging from 50 to 200 mg/day in controlling oropharyngeal candidiasis was retrospectively evaluated in 16 consecutive HIV-1-infected patients. 13 patients received fluconazole due to failure of treatment with ketoconazole, and among these 11 (84%) initially...... showed complete or partial remission of oropharyngeal candidiasis. 3 (27%) of these subsequently developed failure of treatment within a median observation period of 38 days. No major toxicities were observed. Fluconazole appears promising in the therapy of ketoconazole-resistant candidiasis....

  9. Bilateral implantation of +2.5 D multifocal intraocular lens and contralateral implantation of +2.5 D and +3.0 D multifocal intraocular lenses: Clinical outcomes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nuijts, Rudy M M A; Jonker, Soraya M R; Kaufer, Robert A; Lapid-Gortzak, Ruth; Mendicute, Javier; Martinez, Cristina Peris; Schmickler, Stefanie; Kohnen, Thomas

    2016-02-01

    To assess the clinical visual outcomes of bilateral implantation of Restor +2.5 diopter (D) multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) and contralateral implantation of a Restor +2.5 D multifocal IOL in the dominant eye and Restor +3.0 D multifocal IOL in the fellow eye. Multicenter study at 8 investigative sites. Prospective randomized parallel-group patient-masked 2-arm study. This study comprised adults requiring bilateral cataract extraction followed by multifocal IOL implantation. The primary endpoint was corrected intermediate visual acuity (CIVA) at 60 cm, and the secondary endpoint was corrected near visual acuity (CNVA) at 40 cm. Both endpoints were measured 3 months after implantation with a noninferiority margin of Δ = 0.1 logMAR. In total, 103 patients completed the study (53 bilateral, 50 contralateral). At 3 months, the mean CIVA at 60 cm was 0.13 logMAR and 0.10 logMAR in the bilateral group and contralateral group, respectively (difference 0.04 logMAR), achieving noninferiority. Noninferiority was not attained for CNVA at 40 cm; mean values at 3 months for bilateral and contralateral implantation were 0.26 logMAR and 0.11 logMAR, respectively (difference 0.15 logMAR). Binocular defocus curves suggested similar performance in distance vision between the 2 groups. Treatment-emergent ocular adverse events rates were similar between the groups. Bilateral implantation of the +2.5 D multifocal IOL resulted in similar distance as contralateral implantation of the +2.5 D multifocal IOL and +3.0 D multifocal IOL for intermediate vision (60 cm), while noninferiority was not achieved for near distances (40 cm). Copyright © 2016 ASCRS and ESCRS. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  10. [Reliable microbiological diagnosis of vulvovaginal candidiasis].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Baykushev, R; Ouzounova-Raykova, V; Stoykova, V; Mitov, I

    2014-01-01

    Vulvovaginal candidiasis is common infection among those affecting the vulva and vagina. Is caused by the perpesentatives from the genus Candida, in most cases C. albicans (85-90%). An increase in the percentage of the so-called non-albicans agents is seen and these pathgogens are often resistant to the most commonly used in the practice antifungals. Faulty diagnosis, incorrect use of azoles, and self-treatment lead to selection of resistant strains and recurrent infections. Identification of Candida species associated with vulvovaginal candidiasis by conventional and PCR techniques. For six months a total number of 213 vaginal secretions were tested applying Gram stain and cultivation on ChromAgar. API Candida fermentation tests and API 20CAUX assimilation tests were performed for the identification of the bacteria. Extraction of DNA of all the smears with subsequent PCR detection of different Candida species were done. 80.7% materials showed presence of blastospores and/or hyphae. Positive culture results were detected in 60 (28.2%) samples. The species specific identification revealed presence of C. albicans in 51 (85%) smears, C. glabrata--in 8 (13.3%), C. krusei--in 2 (3.3%), and S. cervisie--in 1 (2.1%). The PCR technique confirmed the results of the conventional methods. It is worth to mention that 51 of the tested smears were positive for G. vaginalis using additional PCR. The correct diagnosis of the cause of vulvovaginal candidiasis helps in the correct choice of appropriate antifungal therapy and prevents development of recurrent infections and consequences. The PCR based method is rapid, specific and sensitive. It perfectly correlates with the results from the conventional diagnostic tests so it could be selected as a method of choice for the diagnosis of vulvovaginal candidiasis.

  11. Fatal Neonatal Peritoneal Candidiasis Mimicking Mucormycosis-A Case Report and Review of Literature.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kashyap, Bineeta; Kusumakar, Kanupriya; Kumar Sarin, Yogesh

    2016-10-01

    Candida species have been implicated as significant contributors to morbidity in the neonatal period and are associated with 25-50% of mortality in invasive neonatal candidiasis. Peritoneal candidiasis, being paucisymptomatic, cannot often be correctly identified in a preterm neonate. The correct approach to diagnosis of neonatal peritoneal candidiasis is taking into account the epidemiology along with a strong clinical suspicion and appropriate timely diagnostic interventions. We report a case of fatal neonatal peritoneal candidiasis which was misdiagnosed as mucormycosis. © The Author [2016]. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

  12. Risk Factors for Invasive Candidiasis in Infants >1500 g Birth Weight

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lee, Jan Hau; Hornik, Christoph P.; Benjamin, Daniel K.; Herring, Amy H.; Clark, Reese H.; Cohen-Wolkowiez, Michael; Smith, P. Brian

    2012-01-01

    Background We describe the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of invasive candidiasis in infants >1500 g birth weight. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of infants >1500 g birth weight discharged from 305 NICUs in the Pediatrix Medical Group from 2001–2010. Using multivariable logistic regression, we identified risk factors for invasive candidiasis. Results Invasive candidiasis occurred in 330/530,162 (0.06%) infants. These were documented from positive cultures from ≥1 of these sources: blood (n=323), cerebrospinal fluid (n=6), or urine from catheterization (n=19). Risk factors included day of life >7 (OR 25.2; 95% CI 14.6–43.3), vaginal birth (OR 1.6 [1.2–2.3]), exposure to broad-spectrum antibiotics (OR 1.6 [1.1–2.4]), central venous line (OR 1.8 [1.3–2.6]), and platelet count candidiasis had increased mortality (OR 2.2 [1.3–3.6]). Conclusions Invasive candidiasis is uncommon in infants >1500 g birth weight. Infants at greatest risk are those exposed to broad-spectrum antibiotics and with platelet counts of <50,000/mm3. PMID:23042050

  13. Hepatosplenic Candidiasis Detected by 18F-FDG-PET/CT

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Albano, Domenico; Bosio, Giovanni; Bertoli, Mattia; Petrilli, Giulia; Bertagna, Francesco

    2016-01-01

    Hepatosplenic candidiasis is a fungal infection, which mostly affects patients with hematologic malignancies such as leukemia. The pathogenesis of this infection is not clear yet, and the liver is the most commonly affected organ. Diagnosis of hepatosplenic candidiasis can be only established via biopsy, since computed tomography (CT) scan, ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) yield non-specific results. The role of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography /computed tomography ( 18 F-FDG PET/CT) in diagnosis of hepatosplenic candidiasis remains undetermined, considering a few evidences in the literature. In this case report, we present the case of a 47-year-old patient, affected by acute myeloid leukemia, which was treated with three cycles of chemotherapy, resulting in the development of neutropenia and fever following the last cycle. The 18 F-FDG PET/CT scan showed some foci of intense FDG uptake in the liver and spleen. The subsequent diagnostic investigations (i.e., abdominal CT scan and biopsy) were suggestive of hepatosplenic candidiasis. The patient was started on antifungal treatment with fluconazole. After one month, the clinical conditions were resolved, and the subsequent abdominal CT scan was negative

  14. Validade do padrão de higiene bucal de crianças aos cinco anos de idade relatado pelas mães

    OpenAIRE

    Cascaes, Andreia Morales; Peres, Karen Glazer; Peres, Marco Aurélio; Demarco, Flávio Fernando; Santos, Iná; MatijasevichI, Alicia; Barros, Aluísio Jardim Dornellas de

    2011-01-01

    OBJETIVO: Determinar a validade de perguntas freqüentemente utilizadas em estudos epidemiológicos sobre higiene bucal de crianças e compará-la segundo renda familiar e escolaridade da mãe. MÉTODOS: Foram analisadas 1.122 crianças participantes do sub estudo de saúde bucal de 2009 da Coorte de Nascimentos de Pelotas, RS, 2004. As crianças foram examinadas e suas mães entrevistadas no domicílio. O padrão ouro da condição de higiene bucal foi avaliado por meio do Índice de Higiene Oral Simplific...

  15. Herbal Medicine and Vaginal Candidiasis in Iran: A Review

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sedigheh Sheidaei

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available Candidiasis is the second most common vaginal infection. Given the frequent recurrence of the disease, many women tend to use herbal remedies. Thus, the present study aimed to review the association between vaginal candidiasis and herbal medicines in Iran. In this review, we retrieved articles published from 2001 to 2016. Then, the results were expressed both quantitatively and qualitatively. In this study, nine articles were reviewed, which had investigated thyme, garlic, garlic-thyme, olive oil, propolis, myrtus, Nigella sativa (black cumin, and Bunium perscicum boiss (black zira. Subsequently, each of these plants was thoroughly dealt with. The studies on black cumin, garlic, and thyme reported positive effects for these herbs, and they were widely produced for therapeutic purposes. In addition, myrtus was found to have a salutary impact on vaginal candidiasis.

  16. Rede de atencao a saude bucal: organizacao em municipios de grande porte de Santa Catarina, Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Heloisa Godoi

    2014-02-01

    Full Text Available O estudo objetivou analisar a rede de atenção à saúde bucal em municípios com mais de 100 mil habitantes de Santa Catarina, Brasil, pela identificação e integração de seus elementos constitutivos. Dados primários foram obtidos por meio da aplicação de questionário aos gestores municipais de saúde bucal. Dados secundários foram coletados em bases de dados do SUS e fornecidos pelas Secretarias Municipais e Estadual de Saúde. Os municípios ofertam serviços de saúde bucal em todos os níveis de atenção, mas encontram-se em distintos estágios de implementação da rede. Também realizam algumas ações para consolidação desta, como inserção de ferramentas para integração dos serviços de atenção básica aos especializados e reorientação da atenção básica, como coordenadora da rede. As limitações incluem dificuldade em definir a população da rede de acordo com critérios epidemiológicos, fragilidade dos sistemas logísticos e de governança, além da necessidade de ampliação das equipes de saúde bucal na Estratégia Saúde da Família, operando segundo princípios de vigilância à saúde.

  17. Vulvovaginal candidiasis: Diagnostic and therapeutic approaches used by Dutch general practitioners

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Engberts, M.K.; Korporaal, H.; Vinkers, M.T.; Belkum, A. van; Binsbergen, J.J. van; Lagro-Janssen, A.L.M.; Helmerhorst, T.J.M.; Meijden, W.I. van der

    2008-01-01

    Objective: To establish how general practitioners (GPs) in the Netherlands diagnose and treat vaginal candidiasis. Methods: Questionnaires were sent to 1160 Dutch GPs. The GPs were asked to make an inventory of the annual number of consultations for vulvovaginal candidiasis. Furthermore, information

  18. Vulvovaginal candidiasis: diagnostic and therapeutic approaches used by Dutch general practitioners.

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Engberts, M.K.; Korporaal, H.; Vinkers, M.T.; Belkum, A. van; Binsbergen, J.J. van; Lagro-Janssen, A.L.M.; Helmerhorst, T.J.M.; Meijden, W.I. van der

    2008-01-01

    OBJECTIVE: To establish how general practitioners (GPs) in the Netherlands diagnose and treat vaginal candidiasis. METHODS: Questionnaires were sent to 1160 Dutch GPs. The GPs were asked to make an inventory of the annual number of consultations for vulvovaginal candidiasis. Furthermore, information

  19. A importância do médico pediatra na promoção da saúde bucal

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mariângela M. S. Schalka

    1996-04-01

    Full Text Available Objetivou-se realizar avaliação da conduta preventiva em relação à saúde bucal exercida por médicos pediatras da cidade de São José dos Campos-SP, Brasil. A análise foi feita através das respostas a um questionário descritivo entregue a 85 pediatras da cidade. Obteve-se um retorno de 48 (56,4%. O questionário abordou aspectos relativos a amamentação, dieta, higiene bucal, uso da chupeta e do flúor e encaminhamento ao dentista. A análise dos resultados mostrou que a freqüência das orientações a respeito dessas condutas preventivas aos pacientes foi baixa. Concluiu-se ser necessário um esforço maior dos profissionais, médicos e dentistas, de promover a melhoria da saúde bucal dos pacientes infantis.

  20. Multifocal Epithelial Hyperplasia.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Agnew, Caitlin; Alexander, Sherene; Prabhu, Neeta

    2017-01-15

    Multifocal epithelial hyperplasia is a rare disease associated with human papilloma virus types 13 and 32. Diagnosis is based on clinical and histopathological findings, and most lesions are asymptomatic and regress spontaneously with time. The purpose of this paper is to describe a five-year-old girl who presented with multiple intraoral lesions on the buccal mucosa and tongue, which regressed spontaneously in 15 months.

  1. Drugs currently under investigation for the treatment of invasive candidiasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    McCarthy, Matthew W; Walsh, Thomas J

    2017-07-01

    The widespread implementation of immunosuppressants, immunomodulators, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and solid organ transplantation in clinical practice has led to an expanding population of patients who are at risk for invasive candidiasis, which is the most common form of fungal disease among hospitalized patients in the developed world. The emergence of drug-resistant Candida spp. has added to the morbidity associated with invasive candidiasis and novel therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. Areas covered: In this paper, we explore investigational agents for the treatment of invasive candidiasis, with particular attention paid to compounds that have recently entered phase I or phase II clinical trials. Expert opinion: The antifungal drug development pipeline has been severely limited due to regulatory hurdles and a systemic lack of investment in novel compounds. However, several promising drug development strategies have recently emerged, including chemical screens involving Pathogen Box compounds, combination antifungal therapy, and repurposing of existing agents that were initially developed to treat other conditions, all of which have the potential to redefine the treatment of invasive candidiasis.

  2. Use of Recombinant Antigens for the Diagnosis of Invasive Candidiasis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Laín

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available Invasive candidiasis is a frequent and often fatal complication in immunocompromised and critically ill patients. Unfortunately, the diagnosis of invasive candidiasis remains difficult due to the lack of specific clinical symptoms and a definitive diagnostic method. The detection of antibodies against different Candida antigens may help in the diagnosis. However, the methods traditionally used for the detection of antibodies have been based on crude antigenic fungal extracts, which usually show low-reproducibility and cross-reactivity problems. The development of molecular biology techniques has allowed the production of recombinant antigens which may help to solve these problems. In this review we will discuss the usefulness of recombinant antigens in the diagnosis of invasive candidiasis.

  3. MULTIFOCAL CHOROIDITIS IN DISSEMINATED SPOROTRICHOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH HIV/AIDS.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Biancardi, Ana L; Freitas, Dayvison F S; Valviesse, Vitor R G de A; Andrade, Hugo B; de Oliveira, Manoel M E; do Valle, Antonio C F; Zancope-Oliveira, Rosely M; Galhardo, Maria C G; Curi, Andre L L

    2017-01-01

    In this article, the authors describe multifocal choroiditis related to disseminated sporotrichosis in patients with HIV/AIDS. We conducted a retrospective observational study of three patients infected with HIV who presented with disseminated sporotrichosis characterized by cutaneous lesions, multifocal choroiditis, and other manifestations, including osteomyelitis and involvement of the bone marrow, larynx, pharynx, and nasal and oral mucosa. Five eyes of three patients with HIV/AIDS showed multifocal choroiditis related to disseminated sporotrichosis. The CD4 counts ranged from 25 to 53 mm. All patients were asymptomatic visually. The ocular disease was bilateral in two patients. The lesion size ranged from 1/3 to 2 disc diameters. None of the patients had vitritis. Of the 12 lesions, 9 were localized in the posterior pole (Zone 1) and 3 were localized in the mild periphery (Zone 2). Multifocal choroiditis due to disseminated sporotrichosis can occur in profoundly immunosuppressed patients with HIV/AIDS.

  4. Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Blostein, Freida; Levin-Sparenberg, Elizabeth; Wagner, Julian; Foxman, Betsy

    2017-09-01

    Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC), multiple episodes of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC; vaginal yeast infection) within a 12-month period, adversely affects quality of life, mental health, and sexual activity. Diagnosis is not straightforward, as VVC is defined by the combination of often nonspecific vaginal symptoms and the presence of yeast-which is a common vaginal commensal. Estimating the incidence and prevalence is challenging: most VVC is diagnosed and treated empirically, the availability for purchase of effective therapies over the counter enables self-diagnosis and treatment, and the duration of the relatively benign VVC symptoms is short, introducing errors into any estimates relying on medical records or patient recall. We evaluate current estimates of VVC and RVVC and provide new prevalence estimates using data from a 2011 seven-country (n = 7345) internet panel survey on VVC conducted by Ipsos Health (https://www.ipsos.com/en). We also evaluate information on VVC-associated visits using the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. The estimated probability of VVC by age 50 varied widely by country (from 23% to 49%, mean 39%), as did the estimated probability of RVVC after VVC (from 14% to 28%, mean 23%). However estimated, the probability of RVVC was high suggesting RVVC is a common condition. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  5. Biotherapeutic effects of probiotic bacteria on candidiasis in immunodeficient mice.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wagner, R D; Pierson, C; Warner, T; Dohnalek, M; Farmer, J; Roberts, L; Hilty, M; Balish, E

    1997-10-01

    Four species of probiotic bacteria were assessed for their capacities to protect athymic bg/bg-nu/nu and euthymic bg/bg-nu/+ mice from mucosal and systemic candidiasis. Each bacterial species and Candida albicans colonized the gastrointestinal tracts of both strains of mice. The presence of probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus casei GG, or Bifidobacterium animalis) in the gastrointestinal tracts prolonged the survival of adult and neonatal bg/bg-nu/nu mice compared to that of isogenic mice colonized with C. albicans alone. The incidence of systemic candidiasis in bg/bg-nu/nu mice was significantly reduced by each of the four probiotic bacterial species. The numbers of C. albicans present in the alimentary tracts of euthymic bg/bg-nu/+ mice were significantly reduced by L. casei GG and B. animalis. None of the probiotic bacteria species completely prevented mucosal candidiasis, but B. animalis reduced its incidence and severity. Probiotic bacteria also modulated antibody- and cell-mediated immune responses to C. albicans. The prolonged survival of mice, decreased severity of mucosal and systemic candidiasis, modulation of immune responses, decreased number of C. albicans in the alimentary tract, and reduced numbers of orogastric infections demonstrated not only that probiotic bacteria have biotherapeutic potential for prophylaxis against and therapy of this fungal disease but also that probiotic bacteria protect mice from candidiasis by a variety of immunologic (thymic and extrathymic) and nonimmunologic mechanisms in this model.

  6. Prevalência de lesões bucais associadas ao uso de próteses dentárias removíveis em um serviço de estomatologia Prevalencia de lesiones bucales asociadas al uso de prótesis dentales removibles, en un servicio de estomatología Prevalence of oral lesions associated with use of removable dental prostheses in a Stomatology service

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gardênia Matos Paraguassú

    2011-09-01

    candidiasis crónica atrófica en el 20,6 %, la queilitis angular en el 8,82 % y la úlcera traumática en el 8,82 %. Los sitios anatómicos más afectados fueron la mucosa alveolar con un 35,3 % y el paladar con un 29,4 %. Estos resultados subrayan la importancia del uso de prótesis adecuadas, así como la necesidad de realizar controles periódicos y de proporcionar instrucciones sobre la higiene bucal en pacientes que usan prótesis removibles.The removable dental prosthesis restores the function and esthetics of stomatognathic system but may to cause damages in oral tissues. The objective of present study is to assess the prevalence of oral lesions related to the use of removable prostheses. Authors made a review of records of patients seen in the Stomatology service of the Dentistry Faculty of Bahia Federal University of Brazil, from June, 2006 to December, 2007. From the 28 subjects using removable prostheses, 25 (89.3 % showed abnormalities in the buccal mucosa and the 42.8 % of them were not well adapted. The inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (29.42 %, atrophic chronic candidiasis (20.6 %, angular cheilitis (8.82 % and traumatic ulcer (8.82 % were the more frequent lesions and the alveolar mucosa (35.3 % and palate (29.4 % were the anatomical sites more involved. These results emphasize la significance of an appropriate prosthesis, the need to make periodical controls and to give instructions on oral hygiene for patients that may use removable prostheses.

  7. Oral candidiasis and hairy leukoplakia correlate with HIV infection in Tanzania

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Schiødt, M; Bakilana, P B; Hiza, J F

    1990-01-01

    with AIDS criteria and 52% of HIV-infected patients, as compared to 3% and 6% of the patients without AIDS criteria and HIV infection, respectively (p less than 0.01). Among patients with AIDS atrophic candidiasis occurred in 21%, pseudomembranous candidiasis in 23%, hairy leukoplakia in 36%, herpetic...

  8. Salud bucal en nativos Maká de 12 a 15 años, Mariano Roque Alonso, Paraguay

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Claudia Patricia Burgos Florentín

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: describir el estado de salud bucal en nativos Maká de 12 a 15 años de edad que residen en la ciudad de Mariano Roque Alonso, Paraguay. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal en 59 niños de 12 a 15 años, evaluados por medio de la inspección oral y la aplicación de un cuestionario para indagar aspectos relativos a factores de riesgo presentes. Resultados: El Índice CPO-D fue de 10.5, se pudo constatar la ausencia del componente de piezas obturadas. El 94.9% presentó gingivitis leve. Se halló una prevalencia de 30.5% de Fluorosis y lesiones no cariosas en un 11% de la población examinada. Conclusión: los resultados de los índices obtenidos para medir las condiciones bucales se encuentran por encima de la meta establecida por la OMS; demuestrando un importante deterioro en el estado bucal de los niños nativos Maká.

  9. Refractive outcomes after multifocal intraocular lens exchange.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kim, Eric J; Sajjad, Ahmar; Montes de Oca, Ildamaris; Koch, Douglas D; Wang, Li; Weikert, Mitchell P; Al-Mohtaseb, Zaina N

    2017-06-01

    To evaluate the refractive outcomes after multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) exchange. Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA. Retrospective case series. Patients had multifocal IOL explantation followed by IOL implantation. Outcome measures included type of IOL, surgical indication, corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), and refractive prediction error. The study comprised 29 patients (35 eyes). The types of IOLs implanted after multifocal IOL explantation included in-the-bag IOLs (74%), iris-sutured IOLs (6%), sulcus-fixated IOLs with optic capture (9%), sulcus-fixated IOLs without optic capture (9%), and anterior chamber IOLs (3%). The surgical indication for exchange included blurred vision (60%), photic phenomena (57%), photophobia (9%), loss of contrast sensitivity (3%), and multiple complaints (29%). The CDVA was 20/40 or better in 94% of eyes before the exchange and 100% of eyes after the exchange (P = .12). The mean refractive prediction error significantly decreased from 0.22 ± 0.81 diopter (D) before the exchange to -0.09 ± 0.53 D after the exchange (P exchange to 0.23 D after the exchange (P exchange can be performed safely with good visual outcomes using different types of IOLs. A lower refractive prediction error and a higher likelihood of 20/40 or better vision can be achieved with the implantation of the second IOL compared with the original multifocal IOL, regardless of the final IOL position. Copyright © 2017 ASCRS and ESCRS. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  10. Comparison between OPD-Scan results and visual outcomes of monofocal and multifocal intraocular lenses Comparação dos resultados do OPD-Scan e performance visual das lentes intraoculares monofocal e multifocal

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Wilson Takashi Hida

    2009-08-01

    Full Text Available PURPOSE: To compare the visual outcome, contrast sensitivity and wavefront analysis of patients that underwent cataract surgery and implantation of AcrySof SN60D3 multifocal intraocular lens with those who received the AcrySof SN60AT monofocal IOL. METHODS: This was a prospective clinical trial of forty eyes that received the multifocal IOL and thirty-two eyes that received the monofocal IOL after phacoemulsification. RESULTS: Values for total and spherical aberrations in the multifocal group were statistically lower than in the monofocal group. In the monofocal group, 75% achieved uncorrected intermediate visual acuities between Jaeger 1 and 6. In the multifocal group, 75% of the eyes achieved more than Jaeger 6. At least 87.5% of the multifocal group and 6.3% of the monofocal group achieved monocular uncorrected near acuity of 20/30 (J2, N5 or better. And 90.0% of the eyes in the multifocal group and 37.5% in the monofocal group achieved an uncorrected near acuity of 20/40 (J3, N6 or better. The mean spherical error was 0.11 D in the multifocal group and -0.18 D in the monofocal group (p=0.0379. The SN60D3 group compared to SN60AT group had low contrast sensitivity (log units with statistically significant differences in 6.0 cpd in photopic conditions (p=0.014 and the SN60D3 group compared to SN60AT group had higher contrast sensitivity (log units under mesopic conditions (p=0.044. CONCLUSION: The multifocal IOLs induced less spherical aberration than monofocal IOLs and predictably good uncorrected distance and uncorrected near acuities. However, contrast sensitivity was lower in the multifocal group.OBJETIVO: Comparar a performance visual, sensibilidade ao contraste e de wavefront com OPD-Scan em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia de facoemulsificação com implante de lente intraocular AcrySof SN60D3 multifocal e AcrySof SA60AT monofocal. MÉTODOS: Quarenta olhos com a lente intraocular multifocal e trinta e dois olhos com a lente intraocular

  11. La paciente embarazada: repercusión en la cavidad bucal y consideraciones respecto al tratamiento odontológico

    OpenAIRE

    Bueno Lafuente, Susana; Berini Aytés, Leonardo; Gay Escoda, Cosme

    1997-01-01

    El embarazo conlleva una serie de cambios orgánicos, fisiológicos (del sistema cardiovascular y gastrointestinal, de la función pulmonar, hematológicos...) y de conducta que pueden repercutir en la cavidad bucal. El granuloma gravídico se considera una entidad patológica propia del embarazo. Podremos observar también en las pacientes gestantes un aumento en la incidencia de caries, asociado fundamentalmente a un incremento de Jos factores locales cariogénicos (descuido de la higiene bucal, ca...

  12. A Clinician's Guide to the Diagnosis and Treatment of Candidiasis in Patients with Psoriasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Armstrong, April W; Bukhalo, Michael; Blauvelt, Andrew

    2016-08-01

    Many of the molecular pathways associated with psoriasis pathogenesis are also involved in host defense mechanisms that protect against common pathogens. Candida can stimulate the production of cytokines that trigger or exacerbate psoriasis, and many systemic psoriasis treatments may put patients at increased risk for developing oral, cutaneous, and genitourinary candidiasis. Therefore, dermatologists should regularly screen patients with psoriasis for signs of Candida infection, and take steps to effectively treat these infections to prevent worsening of psoriasis symptoms. This review provides an overview of candidiasis epidemiology in patients with psoriasis, followed by a primer on the diagnosis and treatment of superficial Candida infections, with specific guidance for patients with psoriasis. Candidiasis in patients with psoriasis typically responds to topical or oral antifungal therapy. While biologic agents used to treat moderate-to-severe psoriasis, such as tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors and interleukin-17 inhibitors, are known to increase patients' risk of developing localized candidiasis, the overall risk of infection is low, and candidiasis can be effectively managed in most patients while receiving systemic psoriasis therapies. Thus, the development of candidiasis does not usually necessitate changes to psoriasis treatment regimens.

  13. Models hosts for the study of oral candidiasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Junqueira, Juliana Campos

    2012-01-01

    Oral candidiasis is an opportunistic infection caused by yeast of the Candida genus, primarily Candida albicans. It is generally associated with predisposing factors such as the use of immunosuppressive agents, antibiotics, prostheses, and xerostomia. The development of research in animal models is extremely important for understanding the nature of the fungal pathogenicity, host interactions, and treatment of oral mucosal Candida infections. Many oral candidiasis models in rats and mice have been developed with antibiotic administration, induction of xerostomia, treatment with immunosuppressive agents, or the use of germ-free animals, and all these models has both benefits and limitations. Over the past decade, invertebrate model hosts, including Galleria mellonella, Caenorhabditis elegans, and Drosophila melanogaster, have been used for the study of Candida pathogenesis. These invertebrate systems offer a number of advantages over mammalian vertebrate models, predominantly because they allow the study of strain collections without the ethical considerations associated with studies in mammals. Thus, the invertebrate models may be useful to understanding of pathogenicity of Candida isolates from the oral cavity, interactions of oral microorganisms, and study of new antifungal compounds for oral candidiasis.

  14. Multifocal choroiditis following simultaneous hepatitis A, typhoid, and yellow fever vaccination

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Escott S

    2013-02-01

    Full Text Available Sarah Escott, Ahmad B Tarabishy, Frederick H DavidorfHavener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USAAbstract: The paper describes the first reported case of multifocal choroiditis following simultaneous hepatitis-A, typhoid, and yellow fever vaccinations. A 33-year-old male developed sudden onset of flashing lights and floaters in his right eye 3 weeks following hepatitis A, typhoid, and yellow fever vaccinations. Fundus examination and angiography confirmed the presence of multiple peripheral chorioretinal lesions. These lesions demonstrated characteristic morphologic changes over a period of 8 weeks which were consistent with a diagnosis of self-resolving multifocal choroiditis. Vaccine-induced intraocular inflammation has been described infrequently. We demonstrate the first case of self-resolving multifocal choroiditis following simultaneous administration of hepatitis A, yellow fever, and typhoid immunizations.Keywords: multifocal choroiditis, vaccination, hepatitis A, typhoid, yellow fever

  15. Microbiological reasoning of the formation and development of vulvovaginal candidiasis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    N. D. Yakovychuk

    2017-08-01

    Full Text Available Aim. To conduct microbiological reasoning of the formation and development of vulvovaginal candidiasis. To study taxonomic composition and major microbiota and yeast-like fungi of genus Candida and their changes in vulvovaginal content of women with vulvovaginal candidiasis. Materials and methods. Vaginal content of 472 women (19–34 years old with vulvovaginitis was examined. Bacteriological and mycological methods were used. Isolation of yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida was done by seeding of investigated appropriate dilutions of the material on solid nutrient Saburo medium. Species identification was carried out by microscopic, cultural properties and by enzymatic activity. Lactobacillus were isolated and grown on MRS-agar, Bifidobacterium – on modified Blaurock medium, propionic acid bacteria – yeast-serum medium. Analytical parameters characterizing the state of the microbiota of microecological biotope were defined by the commonly accepted methods. Results. The study of taxonomic composition of main microbiota of vulvovaginal content revealed that in the vulvovaginal candidiasis there is expressed deficiency of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium and elimination of bacteria of the genus Propionibacterium, which form the physiological basis of indigeneous protective microbiota of the biotope. It was established that C. albicans is most common (constant in the vulvovaginal content of women with vulvovaginal candidiasis (constancy index is 76.67 %. C. zeylanoides belongs to species that are rare in vulvovaginal content, and other species of yeasts-like fungi of genus Candida (C. glabrata, C. inconspiсua, C. krusei, C. tropicalis, C. guilliermondii and C. kefyr – the species that are rare (constancy index ranges from 1.11 to 6.30 %. Conclusions. The essential changes in the taxonomic composition of the main microbiota of vulvovaginal main content (lactobacteria, bifidobacteria and propionic acid bacteria create the preconditions for

  16. VAGINAL CANDIDIASIS – GYNECOLOGICAL ASPECT OF THE PROBLEM

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Radomir Živadinović

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Vaginal candidiasis (VC is one of the most common reasons for consultations with a gynecologist, with an increasing trend in occurrence in female patients. It is estimated that 75% of all women experience an episode of vulvovaginal candidiasis in their lifetime, 50% of them experience at least a second episode, and 5% have recurrent candidiasis. Cervical and vaginal secretions act as the last line of defense from ascendant infection pathway spreading. Factors that may disturb vaginal ecosystem are: endogenous factors, way of life, infectious factors and iatrogenic factors. The most common cause of VC in 85-90% of cases is C. albicans, but other Candida species tend to be more likely to cause VVC (Candida tropicalis , Candida glabrata , C particulary, C crusei and so on. These non-albicans species have been found to be fluconazole and antimycotics resistant in more than 70% of cases. This is especially true for C. glabrata. There are several predisposing factors that have been associated with VC recurrence and resistance, such as Candida genotypes, resistance and virulence, immunodeficiency, unregulated hyperglycemia, use of oral contraceptives, long-term use of antibiotics. Therapy approach should be individual, including local and oral antimycotics until the symptoms disappear. The maintenance dose can be continuous or intermittent. Due to hormone concentration increase, increase in local glycogen, alternations of vaginal flora, VC incidence in pregnancy is two times higher in comparison to other female population. The problem of vaginal candidiasis requires individual approach, taking into account all the risk factors and accompanying physiological conditions or diseases in female patients.

  17. Autorefraction versus subjective refraction in a radially asymmetric multifocal intraocular lens

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    van der Linden, Jan Willem; Vrijman, Violette; Al-Saady, Rana; El-Saady, Rana; van der Meulen, Ivanka J.; Mourits, Maarten P.; Lapid-Gortzak, Ruth

    2014-01-01

    To evaluate whether the automated refraction (AR) correlates with subjective manifest (MR) refraction in eyes implanted with radially asymmetric multifocal intraocular lens (IOLs). This retrospective study evaluated 52 eyes (52 patients) implanted with a radially asymmetric multifocal IOL (LS-312

  18. Multifocal hyperfunctioning thyroid carcinoma without metastases.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nishida, Akiko T; Hirano, Shigeru; Asato, Ryo; Tanaka, Shinzo; Kitani, Yoshiharu; Honda, Nobumitsu; Fujiki, Nobuya; Miyata, Kouji; Fukushima, Hideyuki; Ito, Juichi

    2008-09-01

    Hyperthyroidism due to thyroid carcinoma is rare, and most cases are caused by hyperfunctioning metastatic thyroid carcinoma rather than primary carcinoma. Among primary hyperfunctioning thyroid carcinoma, multifocal thyroid carcinoma is exceedingly rare, with the only one case being reported in the literature. Here, we describe the case of a 62-year-old woman with multifocal functioning thyroid carcinoma. Technetium-99m (99m Tc) scintigraphic imaging showed four hot areas in the thyroid gland. Histopathological examination of all four nodules revealed papillary carcinoma, corresponding to hot areas in the 99m Tc scintigram. DNA sequencing of the thyrotropin receptor (TSH-R) gene from all nodules revealed no mutation, indicating that activation of TSH-R was unlikely in the pathophysiogenesis of hyperfunctioning thyroid carcinoma in the present case.

  19. Role of oral candidiasis in TB and HIV co-infection: AIDS Clinical Trial Group Protocol A5253.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shiboski, C H; Chen, H; Ghannoum, M A; Komarow, L; Evans, S; Mukherjee, P K; Isham, N; Katzenstein, D; Asmelash, A; Omozoarhe, A E; Gengiah, S; Allen, R; Tripathy, S; Swindells, S

    2014-06-01

    To evaluate the association between oral candidiasis and tuberculosis (TB) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected individuals in sub-Saharan Africa, and to investigate oral candidiasis as a potential tool for TB case finding. Protocol A5253 was a cross-sectional study designed to improve the diagnosis of pulmonary TB in HIV-infected adults in high TB prevalence countries. Participants received an oral examination to detect oral candidiasis. We estimated the association between TB disease and oral candidiasis using logistic regression, and sensitivity, specificity and predictive values. Of 454 participants with TB culture results enrolled in African sites, the median age was 33 years, 71% were female and the median CD4 count was 257 cells/mm(3). Fifty-four (12%) had TB disease; the prevalence of oral candidiasis was significantly higher among TB cases (35%) than among non-TB cases (16%, P oral candidiasis when controlling for CD4 count and antifungals (95%CI 1.2-4.7, P = 0.01). The sensitivity of oral candidiasis as a predictor of TB was 35% (95%CI 22-48) and the specificity 85% (95%CI 81-88). We found a strong association between oral candidiasis and TB disease, independent of CD4 count, suggesting that in resource-limited settings, oral candidiasis may provide clinical evidence for increased risk of TB and contribute to TB case finding.

  20. A rare case of a medullary, multifocal lesion in the distal radius

    Science.gov (United States)

    Aktas, Birol; Ozturan, Burak; Kilic, Bulent; Ozkan, Korhan

    2017-01-01

    In multifocal findings, the possibility of multifocal osteoid osteomas should be considered and this case helps us to be attentive for the unusual radiographical presentation of osteoid osteoma. PMID:28748099

  1. Invasive candidiasis in pediatric intensive care units.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Singhi, Sunit; Deep, Akash

    2009-10-01

    Candidemia and disseminated candidiasis are major causes of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients especially in the intensive care units (ICU). The incidence of invasive candidasis is on a steady rise because of increasing use of multiple antibiotics and invasive procedures carried out in the ICUs. Worldwide there is a shifting trend from C. albicans towards non albicans species, with an associated increase in mortality and antifungal resistance. In the ICU a predisposed host in one who is on broad spectrum antibiotics, parenteral nutrition, and central venous catheters. There are no pathognomonic signs or symptoms. The clinical clues are: unexplained fever or signs of severe sepsis or septic shock while on antibiotics, multiple, non-tender, nodular erythematous cutaneous lesions. The spectrum of infection with candida species range from superficial candidiasis of the skin and mucosa to more serious life threatening infections. Treatment of candidiasis involves removal of the most likely source of infection and drug therapy to speed up the clearance of infection. Amphotericin B remains the initial drug of first choice in hemodynamically unstable critically ill children in the wake of increasing resistance to azoles. Evaluation of newer antifungal agents and precise role of prophylactic therapy in ICU patients is needed.

  2. Disseminated Candidiasis in a Young, Previously Healthy, Dog and Review of Literature

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Willems, Nicole; Houwers, Dirk J; Schlotter, Yvette M; Theelen, Bart; Boekhout, Teun

    2016-01-01

    BACKGROUND: The reports on disseminated candidiasis in dogs so far describe at least one predisposing factor. This case report, however, highlights candidiasis in a dog without any known predisposition. PATIENT: A 1.5-year-old intact female Hovawart dog was presented with subcutaneous nodules and

  3. Disseminated Candidiasis in a Young, Previously Healthy, Dog and Review of Literature

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Willems, Nicole; Houwers, Dirk J; Schlotter, Yvette M; Theelen, Bart; Boekhout, Teun

    BACKGROUND: The reports on disseminated candidiasis in dogs so far describe at least one predisposing factor. This case report, however, highlights candidiasis in a dog without any known predisposition. PATIENT: A 1.5-year-old intact female Hovawart dog was presented with subcutaneous nodules and

  4. Multifocal osteosarcoma as second tumor after childhood retinoblastoma

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Potepan, P.; Laffranchi, A.; Danesini, G.M.; Spagnoli, I.; Luksch, R.; Sozzi, G.; Testi, A.; Parafioriti, A.; Giardini, R.

    1999-01-01

    We present a case of multifocal osteosarcoma (MFOS) arising 11.5 years after successful treatment of bilateral retinoblastoma. The clinical, imaging and pathological findings at onset, after therapy, and during follow-up are described. Fluorescent in situ hybridization did not reveal a deletion of the RB-1 retinoblastoma gene, although the presence of an inactivating mutation invisible to this method cannot be ruled out. The MFOS may have been a second multifocal tumor associated with the original retinoblastoma or a post-irradiation sarcoma with extensive metastases. (orig.)

  5. Liquen plano bucal. Presentación de un caso

    OpenAIRE

    Sánchez Gay, Juana María; Artze Caballero, Maritza; Artze Caballero, Guillermo

    2016-01-01

    El liquen plano es una enfermedad inflamatoria, eruptiva de la piel, pruriginosa, de marcha crónica o subaguda que puede involucrar las mucosas, sobre todo la bucal. Su etiología es desconocida, se relaciona con estímulos subjetivos (estados nerviosos, depresivos). Se mencionan también como posibles causas: las infecciones, los trastornos metabólicos y endocrinos, recientemente se ha considerado que la enfermedad puede presentar una reacción de hipersensibilidad retardada. El caso clínico del...

  6. Scleral fixation of a single-piece multifocal intraocular lens.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Can, Ertugrul; Basaran, M Resat; Gül, Adem

    2013-01-01

    We describe an ab interno technique for injector implantation of a one-piece multifocal intraocular lens (IOL). Transscleral fixation of multifocal posterior chamber IOL implantation using an injector with ab interno technique was performed in an eye of a 9-year-old girl who had undergone pars plana lensectomy 2 years before for bilateral lens subluxation with unknown etiology. No major complications were encountered during a 3-month follow-up of the patient and excellent centration was observed during the follow-up period. Her preoperative best spectacle-corrected distance visual acuity of 20/32 improved to uncorrected distance visual acuity of 20/25. Closed-loop design of IOL served the function of eyelets and position of the IOL was provided using only a 2-point fixation. Intraoperative position adjustment of the IOL provided an excellent centralization of multifocal IOL.

  7. Non-Culture Diagnostics for Invasive Candidiasis: Promise and Unintended Consequences

    Science.gov (United States)

    Clancy, Cornelius J.; Nguyen, M. Hong

    2018-01-01

    Blood cultures are positive for Candida species in candidiasis, respectively. Non-culture tests such as mannan, anti-mannan antibody, Candida albicans germ tube antibody (CAGTA), 1,3-β-d-glucan (BDG), the T2Candida nanodiagnostic panel, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are available for clinical use, but their roles in patient care are uncertain. Sensitivity/specificity of combined mannan/anti-mannan, BDG, T2Candida and PCR for candidemia are ~80%/80%, ~80%/80%, ~90%/98%, and ~90%/90%, respectively. Limited data for intra-abdominal candidiasis suggest CAGTA, BDG sensitivity/specificity of ~65%/75% and PCR sensitivity of ~85–90%. PCR specificity has varied widely for intra-abdominal candidiasis (33–97%), and T2Candida data are lacking. Tests will be useful if restricted to cases in which positive and negative predictive values (PPVs, NPVs) differ in a clinically meaningful way from the pre-test likelihood of invasive candidiasis. In some patients, PPVs are sufficient to justify antifungal treatment, even if blood cultures are negative. In most patients, NPVs of each test are excellent, which may support decisions to withhold antifungal therapy. If test results are not interpreted judiciously, non-culture diagnostics may have unintended consequences for stewardship and infection prevention programs. In particular, discrepant non-culture test-positive/culture-negative results may promote inappropriate antifungal treatment of patients who are unlikely to have candidiasis, and lead to spurious reporting of hospital-acquired infections. In conclusion, non-culture Candida diagnostics have potential to advance patient care, but this promise will be realized only if users understand tests’ strengths and limitations, and plan proactively for how best to employ them at their hospitals. PMID:29463043

  8. Abdominal candidiasis is a hidden reservoir of echinocandin resistance.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shields, Ryan K; Nguyen, M Hong; Press, Ellen G; Clancy, Cornelius J

    2014-12-01

    FKS mutant Candida isolates were recovered from 24% (6/25) of abdominal candidiasis patients exposed to echinocandin. Candida glabrata (29%) and Candida albicans (14%) mutants were identified. Multidrug-resistant bacteria were recovered from 83% of FKS mutant infections. Mutations were associated with prolonged echinocandin exposure (P = 0.01), breakthrough infections (P = 0.03), and therapeutic failures despite source control interventions (100%). Abdominal candidiasis is a hidden reservoir for the emergence of echinocandin-resistant Candida. Copyright © 2014, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

  9. A multifocal collimator with circularly distributed focal points for SPECT imaging

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Guillemaud, R.; Grangeat, P.

    1994-01-01

    The authors propose a new circular multifocal collimator which has multiple axial focal points distributed on a transverse circle. This distribution provides a strong focusing at the center of the detector like a cone-beam collimator, with a good sensitivity, and a weak transverse focusing at the periphery, to ensure acquisition of sufficient data, in order to prevent truncation artifacts. For a circular acquisition trajectory, each projection set of the multifocal geometry is equivalent to a virtual cone-beam projection set with a larger detector. Due to this equivalence, the authors derive a first solution for an analytical multifocal reconstruction algorithm: to rebin the projection set from multifocal to cone-beam geometry, then to use a 3D cone-beam reconstruction algorithm. The authors propose to use the Grangeat algorithm in order to deal with a large cone-beam aperture. Finally, the authors present results on simulated data for heart phantom, for a Defrise phantom and for a MTF study. The conclusion is that, from a multifocal projection set, objects are reconstructed without truncation artifacts, with a good precision at their center and with a loss of resolution at the periphery. In addition, the 3D cone-beam artifacts are reduced with the use of the Grangeat algorithm for the reconstruction step

  10. Pautas orientadoras para la promoción de la salud bucal en la primera infancia para profesionales de salud

    OpenAIRE

    Gloria Esperanza González C.

    2012-01-01

    La salud bucal es parte integral de la salud general del individuo. Lasafecciones bucales más prevalentes en niños son las alteraciones delcrecimiento y desarrollo bucodental, y la caries. Las primeras, generalmente están relacionadas con hábitos orales nocivos, patronesalimentarios inadecuados y la adquisición tardía de funciones comola masticación que generan maloclusiones. La caries, enfermedadcrónica más frecuente en la infancia, causa graves consecuencias enla salud del niño como dolor, ...

  11. Situación de salud bucal de la población cubana: Estudio comparativo según provincias, 1998

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Grisel Zacca González

    2001-08-01

    Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio comparativo del estado de salud bucal de las 15 provincias y una muestra representativa del país. Para el análisis se utilizaron los indicadores de salud bucal propuestos por la Federación Dental Internacional. Esta investigación permitió evaluar el comportamiento de las principales enfermedades bucales y las necesidades de tratamiento para establecer estrategias de trabajo con el objetivo de mejorar la salud bucal de nuestra población. Se comprobó que el comportamiento de las enfermedades bucales en la muestra del país resultó similar al de las provincias. La provincia Habana fue la más afectada en cuanto a las condiciones extraorales, de la mucosa bucal y el estado de las articulaciones temporomandibulares, mientras que Guantánamo presentó el mayor porcentaje de afectados por maloclusión y La Isla de la Juventud por enfermedad periodontal. Asimismo, Pinar del Río tuvo el mayor índice COP y presentó problemas con la conservación de dientes en boca. La población de Granma es la que más necesidad de prótesis presentó. Además, se evaluó el cumplimiento de las metas de salud bucal para el año 2000, que no fueron cumplidas por la mayoría de las provincias y se establecieron nuevas metas para el año 2005, teniendo en cuenta la situación actual de cada territorio.A comparative study on the oral health status of the 15 provinces was conducted and a representative sample of the country was taken. To make this analysis the oral health indicators proposed by the International Dental Federation were used. This research allowed to evaluate the behavior of the different oral diseases and the needs of treatment to establish working strategies aimed at improving the oral health of our population. It was proved that the behavior of oral diseases in the sample of the country was similar to that of the provinces. The province of Havana was the most affected as to extra-oral conditions of the oral mucosa and the

  12. Conhecimento de alunos concluintes de Pedagogia sobre saúde bucal

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jainara Maria Soares Ferreira

    2005-08-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o conhecimento sobre saúde bucal de concluintes do curso de Pedagogia da Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Para tanto, alunos em sala de aula responderam um questionário contendo quesitos objetivos relativos ao tema. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e os resultados indicam que 83% dos cem participantes tiveram acesso a informações de odontologia preventiva, 64% pelo cirurgião-dentista. Os acadêmicos conhecem pouco sobre placa bacteriana (31%, ao contrário da etiologia da cárie dentária (55%. Embora 92% dos concluintes afirmem ser a chupeta prejudicial ao desenvolvimento facial da criança, apenas 9% identificaram a idade limite de desuso. Adicionalmente, 20% acertaram o momento ideal do primeiro contato entre criança e dentista. Concluiu-se que os estudantes apresentam conhecimento razoável em relação à saúde bucal, sugerindo a instituição de programas educativos dentro do currículo acadêmico, uma vez que esses futuros profissionais contribuirão para a formação da criança, estabelecendo práticas diárias capazes de gerar saúde.

  13. Conhecimento de alunos concluintes de Pedagogia sobre saúde bucal

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jainara Maria Soares Ferreira

    Full Text Available O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o conhecimento sobre saúde bucal de concluintes do curso de Pedagogia da Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Para tanto, alunos em sala de aula responderam um questionário contendo quesitos objetivos relativos ao tema. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e os resultados indicam que 83% dos cem participantes tiveram acesso a informações de odontologia preventiva, 64% pelo cirurgião-dentista. Os acadêmicos conhecem pouco sobre placa bacteriana (31%, ao contrário da etiologia da cárie dentária (55%. Embora 92% dos concluintes afirmem ser a chupeta prejudicial ao desenvolvimento facial da criança, apenas 9% identificaram a idade limite de desuso. Adicionalmente, 20% acertaram o momento ideal do primeiro contato entre criança e dentista. Concluiu-se que os estudantes apresentam conhecimento razoável em relação à saúde bucal, sugerindo a instituição de programas educativos dentro do currículo acadêmico, uma vez que esses futuros profissionais contribuirão para a formação da criança, estabelecendo práticas diárias capazes de gerar saúde.

  14. The potential of photodynamic therapy to treat esophageal candidiasis coexisting with esophageal cancer.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Qiu, Haixia; Mao, Yongping; Gu, Ying; Zhu, Jianguo; Wang, Ying; Zeng, Jing; Huang, Naiyan; Liu, Qingsen; Yang, Yunsheng

    2014-01-05

    Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been used in recent years to deal with fungal infections because of the prevalence of fungi resistance to drugs. However, PDT for gastrointestinal fungal infection has not been reported. This study was conducted to assess the potential of PDT to deal with esophageal candidiasis. Two male patients with histological evidence of esophageal candidiasis coexisting with esophageal cancer were included in this retrospective study. Both patients were treated with PDT. This treatment was repeated at least 1month after the initial PDT if the patient still had residual cancer or esophageal candidiasis. Short-term efficacy was evaluated on the basis of endoscopy and histology findings. Further follow-up data were obtained from endoscopy results or telephone conversation. The esophageal candidiasis located 21-24cm and 25-28cm from the incisors of case 1 reached complete remission after one and two PDT sessions, respectively. The esophageal cancer coexisting with esophageal candidiasis located 21-24cm from the incisors reached complete remission after two PDT sessions. No recurrence was found at a 14-month follow-up. The esophageal cancer located 30-35cm from the incisors reached partial response after three PDT sessions. Both of the esophageal candidiasis and the coexisting esophageal cancer at 23-26cm from the incisors of case 2 reached complete remission and the esophageal cancer at 34-37cm from the incisors reached complete remission after one PDT session. No recurrence was found at a 24-month follow-up. There were no serious adverse events found in either of the two cases. Results of this preliminary study indicate that PDT may be a potential method to deal with esophageal candidiasis. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  15. O Direito humano ao sorriso: uma análise do arcabouço legislativo sobre a saúde bucal

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    Yêda Maria Parro

    2016-05-01

    Full Text Available A saúde bucal da população tem reflexo na saúde integral e na qualidade de vida de toda a sociedade. As mudanças nos padrões das doenças guardam estreita relação com as alterações nos estilos de vida, que incluem dietas ricas em açúcares, uso de tabaco e álcool, sedentarismo e estresse crônico. Assim, a investigação do tema é um importante instrumento no planejamento de programas de prevenção e tratamento. Foi verificada a presença do tema saúde bucal no arcabouço legislativo federal no período de 1986 a 2014. Tratou-se de pesquisa exploratória de base descritiva-analítica, que utilizou a pesquisa documental. Foram levantados nos sítios das duas casas do Congresso Nacional e do Ministério da Saúde a legislação produzida nesse período. Os resultados encontrados demonstraram que o tema saúde bucal está no grupo de normas infralegais e o tema está presente na agenda governamental. A evolução legislativa no Brasil para o alcance do direito humano ao sorriso está ascendendo, mas faltam concretizações das ações. A saúde bucal ainda permanece à margem da saúde geral.

  16. FACTORS RELATED TO ORAL CANDIDIASIS IN ELDERLY USERS AND NON-USERS OF REMOVABLE DENTAL PROSTHESES.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bianchi, Cyra Maria Pires de Carvalho; Bianchi, Hélcio Aparecido; Tadano, Tomoko; Paula, Claudete Rodrigues de; Hoffmann-Santos, Hugo Dias; Leite, Diniz Pereira; Hahn, Rosane Christine

    2016-01-01

    This study examined the association between oral candidiasis in elderly users and nonusers of prosthesis and its predisposing factors. To this end, we performed a cross-sectional study where saliva samples from 48 patients were collected they used prosthesis and 43 patients (control group) who did not use. Among the 91 patients, Candida spp were isolated in 40 (83.3%) who used prosthesis and in 23 (53.5%) in the control group. A statistically significant association was determined between the two groups, the isolation of yeasts and dental prosthesis (p oral candidiasis (n = 24), 83.3% (n = 20) belonged to the group that wore dentures, while only 16.7% (n = 4) belonged to the control group. Elderly patients with diabetes had 4.4 times higher estimated risk of developing oral candidiasis when compared with individuals without this condition. There was no statistically significant association between being user prostheses and have diabetes with the onset of candidiasis. No statistically significant association was determined between xerostomia, use of prosthesis and oral candidiasis. The use of prosthetics and poor oral hygiene in elderly patients predisposes to the development of oral candidiasis.

  17. Lesiones bucales relacionadas con las enfermedades digestivas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José A. Pacho Saavedra

    2006-09-01

    Full Text Available Muchas de las lesiones de la mucosa en la cavidad bucal están relacionadas con trastornos anatómicos y funcionales de los órganos del aparato digestivo; algunas forman parte del cuadro clínico de la entidad y otras aparecen como complicaciones de estas. Generalmente son de orígenes inmunológicos, nutricionales o carenciales. Estas lesiones son difíciles de tratar, por lo que es importante conocer las características clínicas que faciliten una adecuada interpretación y al mismo tiempo ofrecer una conducta terapéutica correcta. Se presenta una revisión actualizada de las características semiológicas de las lesiones bucales que forman parte del cuadro clínico de diversas enfermedades digestivas, con el fin de que los médicos generales, clínicos, estomatólogos y gastroenterólogos puedan diagnosticarlas y brindar mejor orientación y tratamiento a los pacientes.Many of the lesions of the mucosa in the oral cavity are related to anatomical and functional disorders of the organs of the digestive system. Some of them are part of the clinical picture of the entity and others appear as complications of them. Generally, they have an immunological, nutritional, or deficiency origin. These lesions are difficult to be treated and that's why it is important to know the clinical characteristics making easy an adequate interpretation, and to follow a suitable therapeutic conduct at the same time. An updated review of the semiological features of the oral lesions corresponding to the clinical picture of diverse digestive diseases is presented, so that the general physicians, clinicians, stomatologists and gastroenterologists be able to diagnose and give a better guidance and treatment to the patients.

  18. An Unusual Case of Unilateral Multifocal Choroiditis in a Young Male

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Multifocal choroiditis is a vision‑threatening disease causing inflammation at the level of retinal pigment epithelium and outer retina. We present a unique case of unilateral multifocal choroiditis in a young nonmyopic male and its subsequent course. The patient developed visual loss due to the sub‑retinal neovascular ...

  19. Oral candidiasis as clinical manifestation of HIV/AIDS infection in Airlangga University hospital patients

    Science.gov (United States)

    Putranti, A.; Asmarawati, T. P.; Rachman, B. E.; Hadi, U.; Nasronudin

    2018-03-01

    The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of HIV/AIDS patients with oral candidiasis as its clinical manifestation at Airlangga University Hospital Surabaya. This is a descriptive analytic research with cross-sectional design using Chi-Square statistic test. Samples of this study consist of 34 patients using total sampling methods. Those patients were all HIV/AIDS infected patients with oral candidiasis clinical manifestations, who were admitted to Airlangga University Hospital Surabaya from January 2016 to September 2017. Results showed that mostly HIV/AIDS patients with oral candidiasis are male (79.4%), old age (40-75years) total amounted to 58.8%, heterosexual as main risk factor (70%), clinical stadium mostly in stage IV (61.8%), 26% of patients with chronic diarrhea and 56% with pulmonary TB, clinical stages of patients have a significant relation to the incidence of oral candidiasis infection (p=0.024). The most common oral lesions found in people with HIV are Candidiasis. The best management is through routine dental examination and dental precautions to maintain health and achieve a better quality of life.

  20. [Study on the relationship between vaginal and intestinal candida in patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lin, Xiao-li; Li, Zhen; Zuo, Xu-lei

    2011-07-01

    To investigate the relationship between vaginal and intestinal candida in patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis by using microbiological and molecular methods. The samples of vaginal discharge and anal swabs were collected from 148 cases with vulvovaginal candidiasis, followed by fungal culture, identification, purification and genome DNA extraction. The genome sequences from respective locations were aligned and typed according to their homology analyzed by internal transcribed spacer (ITS) PCR and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) PCR. Patients with vulvovaginal infection or those with infections in intestine and vulvovagina were pooled respectively, while the recurrent incidences after local anti-fungal treatments were analyzed. Candida albicans is the dominant pathogen in 148 cases with vulvovaginal candidiasis (91.9%, 136/148); 33.1% (49/148) of patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis were infected in both intestine and vulvovagina. While 92% (22/24) of patients with intestinal and vaginal candida infection showed high homology. The recurrent rate of patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis complicated with concurrent intestinal candida infection (7/14) was significantly higher than that of solo vaginal infected patients [21% (6/29)] after vaginal treatment (Pcandidiasis is highly associated with the concurrent infection of intestinal candida. The recurrent rate is high in patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis with concurrent infection of intestinal candida after vaginal treatment. The general management to those patients infected by both vulvovaginal and intestinal candida is necessary in reducing the recurrence of the disease.

  1. Non-Culture Diagnostics for Invasive Candidiasis: Promise and Unintended Consequences

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    Cornelius J. Clancy

    2018-02-01

    Full Text Available Blood cultures are positive for Candida species in < 50% and < 20% of hematogenously disseminated and intra-abdominal candidiasis, respectively. Non-culture tests such as mannan, anti-mannan antibody, Candida albicans germ tube antibody (CAGTA, 1,3-β-d-glucan (BDG, the T2Candida nanodiagnostic panel, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR are available for clinical use, but their roles in patient care are uncertain. Sensitivity/specificity of combined mannan/anti-mannan, BDG, T2Candida and PCR for candidemia are ~80%/80%, ~80%/80%, ~90%/98%, and ~90%/90%, respectively. Limited data for intra-abdominal candidiasis suggest CAGTA, BDG sensitivity/specificity of ~65%/75% and PCR sensitivity of ~85–90%. PCR specificity has varied widely for intra-abdominal candidiasis (33–97%, and T2Candida data are lacking. Tests will be useful if restricted to cases in which positive and negative predictive values (PPVs, NPVs differ in a clinically meaningful way from the pre-test likelihood of invasive candidiasis. In some patients, PPVs are sufficient to justify antifungal treatment, even if blood cultures are negative. In most patients, NPVs of each test are excellent, which may support decisions to withhold antifungal therapy. If test results are not interpreted judiciously, non-culture diagnostics may have unintended consequences for stewardship and infection prevention programs. In particular, discrepant non-culture test-positive/culture-negative results may promote inappropriate antifungal treatment of patients who are unlikely to have candidiasis, and lead to spurious reporting of hospital-acquired infections. In conclusion, non-culture Candida diagnostics have potential to advance patient care, but this promise will be realized only if users understand tests’ strengths and limitations, and plan proactively for how best to employ them at their hospitals.

  2. Association between symptomatic vulvovaginal candidiasis and HIV ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    defined relationship between vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) and HIV shedding. .... from the plasma and cell-free fraction of vaginal secretions using. Nuclisens Easyq ..... diagnosis of VVC. A clinical definition of VVC could be problematic.

  3. Presença de Candida nas mucosas vaginal e bucal e sua relação com IgA salivar Relationship between Candida in vaginal and oral mucosae and salivary IgA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Célia Regina Gonçalves e Silva

    2008-06-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: correlacionar a presença de leveduras do gênero Candida na cavidade bucal e vaginal de mulheres com e sem candidíase vulvovaginal (CVV com os níveis de IgA secretora (IgAs presentes na saliva. MÉTODOS: cinqüenta e uma mulheres foram incluídas; 13 apresentaram CVV e 38 formaram o Grupo Controle. De cada paciente, foram coletados 2,0 mL de saliva sem estimulação e secreção vaginal com o auxílio de swab, que foi imerso a seguir em 2,0 mL de solução fisiológica. As amostras foram semeadas em ágar Sabouraud dextrose com cloranfenicol para isolamento e contagem de colônias, e os isolados foram identificadas fenotipicamente. Na saliva de ambos os grupos foi quantificada IgA pela técnica ELISA. RESULTADOS: nas 13 pacientes com diagnóstico clínico e micológico de CVV, a média de unidades formadoras de colônias de Candida por mililitro de secreção vaginal (ufc/mL foi de 52.723 e 23,8% dos pacientes apresentaram colonização na mucosa bucal com menor quantidade de ufc/mL (6.030. Os níveis de IgAs na saliva foram mais baixos no grupo com CVV (média de densidade: 0,3 quando comparados aos níveis de IgA do Grupo Controle (média de DO: 0,6. Onze pacientes (37% do Grupo Controle apresentaram colonização por Candida na cavidade bucal, com média de ufc/mL mais baixa quando comparada ao grupo com CVV. O Grupo Controle também apresentou menor quantidade de ufc/mL (1.973 na cavidade vaginal quando comparado com o Grupo CVV (52.942. CONCLUSÕES: os resultados demonstraram que os pacientes com diagnóstico clínico de candidíase vulvovaginal apresentaram maior quantidade de Candida, tanto na cavidade vaginal quanto na bucal, e apresentaram menores níveis de IgA anti-Candida na saliva.PURPOSE: to correlate the presence of yeast from the Candida genus in the oral and vaginal cavity of women with and without vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC, with secretor IgA levels (IgAs present in the saliva. METHODS: among the 51 women

  4. [Multifocal Electroretinography in Patients with Poppers Maculopathy].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pahlitzsch, Milena; Salchow, Daniel; Rossel, Mirjam; Bergholz, Richard

    2017-10-12

    Background Maculopathy is a potential side effect of amyl nitrite or "poppers" abuse. It is characterized by a sudden, painless decrease in visual acuity. While the funduscopic changes are subtle, optical coherence tomography shows alterations of the outer retinal layers in the fovea. However, the extent of retinal dysfunction remains poorly understood. Materials/Methods We compared the multifocal electroretinogram of 6 patients with poppers maculopathy to that of a control group consisting of 6 healthy subjects. Response densities and implicit times of N1 and P1 were analyzed. Results Response densities and implicit times of both N1 and P1 were lower in the patients with poppers maculopathy than in the control group, particularly in ring 1 and rings 4 and 5. The only statistically significant finding, however, was a reduced N1 response density of one hexagon in the patient group. No significant differences were found considering the sum response or the averaged rings 1 to 5. Conclusion Compared to a healthy control group, the multifocal electroretinogram of patients with poppers maculopathy shows no relevant impairment. This contrasts the marked effect of the disease on visual acuity. In clinical practice, poppers maculopathy cannot be diagnosed by multifocal electroretinography. Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

  5. Multifocal, chronic osteomyelitis of unknown etiology

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kozlowski, K.; Beluffi, G.; Feltham, C.; James, M.; Nespoli, L.; Tamaela, L.; Pavia Univ.; Municipal Hospital, Nelson; Medical School, Jakarta

    1985-01-01

    Four cases of multifocal osteomyelitis of unknown origin in childhood are reported. The variable clinical and radiographic appearances of the disease are illustrated and the diagnostic difficulties in the early stages of the disease are stressed. (orig.) [de

  6. Virulence of oral Candida isolated from HIV-positive women with oral candidiasis and asymptomatic carriers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Owotade, Foluso J; Patel, Mrudula

    2014-10-01

    This study compared the virulence of oral Candida species isolated from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive women with and without oral candidiasis. Candida species were isolated from 197 women, and their virulence attributes were measured. Of the 197 women, 117 (59.4%) carried Candida. Of these, 15 (12.8%) had symptoms of oral candidiasis. Among highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)-naive patients, 33% were diagnosed with oral candidiasis, whereas 5.9% were asymptomatic carriers (P oral candidiasis had higher levels of Candida (P = .02) than asymptomatic carriers. There was no difference in the CD4 counts and the virulence attributes of Candida from both the groups. This study indicates that oral candidiasis is mainly caused by high counts of C. albicans and suggests the importance of therapies targeting Candida counts in the oral cavity even in patients on HAART to reduce the development of infections. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  7. Acute disseminated cutaneous candidiasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fong, P H; Chan, H L; Lee, Y S; Wong, H B

    1988-10-01

    Acute disseminated candidiasis is a serious and difficult problem often seen in immunocompromised states. Appearance of a characteristic skin eruption is helpful in the diagnostic. We report below a case report of an eight year old girl with aplastic anemia who had received multiple courses of antibiotics. A profuse monomorphic papular nodular eruption subsequently appeared on the face, palms and soles. Candida tropicalis was identified from the skin biopsy taken from one such lesion.

  8. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in transplant recipients

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Mateen, Farrah J.; Muralidharan, RajaNandini; Carone, Marco; van de Beek, Diederik; Harrison, Daniel M.; Aksamit, Allen J.; Gould, Mary S.; Clifford, David B.; Nath, Avindra

    2011-01-01

    Transplant recipients are at risk of developing progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a rare demyelinating disorder caused by oligodendrocyte destruction by JC virus. Reports of PML following transplantation were found using PubMed Entrez (1958-July 2010). A multicenter, retrospective

  9. Vulvovaginal Candidiasis in Pregnant Women and its Importance for Candida Colonization of Newborns.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zisova, Liliya G; Chokoeva, Anastasia A; Amaliev, Georgi I; Petleshkova, Penka V; Miteva-Katrandzhieva, Tsonka М; Krasteva, Maya B; Uchikova, Ekaterina H; Kouzmanov, Andrei H; Ivanova, Zoya V

    2016-01-01

    Vulvovaginal candidiasis is the second most common cause of vaginitis worldwide (after bacterial candidiasis). Maternal vulvovaginal candidiasis is a major risk factor for Candida colonization and infection of the infant where prognosis depends on different predisposing factors. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and the etiological structure of vulvovaginal candidiasis in pregnant women and its impact on Candida colonization of newborns. Samples of vaginal secretions from 80 healthy pregnant women who were clinically suspicious for Candida vaginitis were collected within 48 hours before delivery. Samples for probable Candida colonization from the oral mucosa and feces were collected from their newborns within 47-72 hours after birth. Samples were plated on Sabouraud agar, followed by species identification by API Candida yeast assay. Twenty-three (28.75 ± 5.06%) of the evaluated pregnant women were positive for Candida spp. Positive samples for Candida colonization were found in 18 (22.22 ± 4.62%) of the examined 81 newborns (one pair of twins) from mothers who were clinically suspicious for vaginal candidiasis. Isolates of the newborns were 100% identical to those of the mothers' vaginal secretion. Candida albicans was the predominant species identified in the pregnant women (91.67 ± 0.06%) and in the neonates (83.33±8.78%).

  10. Relación entre enfermedades crónicas y salud-enfermedad bucal en adultos brasileros de bajo nivel socioeconómico

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Márcia Cançado Figueiredo

    Full Text Available El presente trabajo representó un estudio de prevalencia, transversal, de observación analítica, realizado en el barrio Figueirinha, en el municipio de Xangri-Lá, localizado en el litoral norte del Estado de Río Grande do Sul, Brasil. Objetivo del mismo fue realizar un relevamiento de las condiciones de salud bucal de los habitantes adultos registrados en el programa Salud de la Familia Figueirinha, portadores de diabetes mellitus, hipertensión arterial o ambas patologías y verificar la existencia de alguna correlación con la salud-enfermedad bucal. Material y Método. Se recogieron datos de 218 habitantes adultos, de los cuales 35 estaban registrados en el Programa Hiperdía (Estrategia Salud de la Familia Figueirinha como portadores de las patologías sistémicas citadas anteriormente. Para la valoración del estado de salud bucal, se evaluó: presencia de placa bacteriana, sangrado gingival y el índice CPOD (dientes cariados, perdidos y obturados. Resultados: de los 218 habitantes adultos, el 11.5% eran pacientes hipertensos, el 2.3% portadores de diabetes mellitus y el 2.3% portaban ambas enfermedades. Del examen bucal resultó que el 67,9% presentaba placa bacteriana y el 58,7% sangrado gingival. Se verificó una correlación positiva entre el número de pérdidas dentarias, la hipertensión arterial y diabetes mellitus con un resultado estadísticamente significante (p≥0,015. Conclusiones: Es de suma importancia que las personas portadoras de enfermedades sistémicas como la diabetes mellitus y la hipertensión arterial estén integradas a un programa de promoción de salud que tenga en cuenta sus necesidades específicas para el mantenimiento de la salud bucal

  11. Tipos de tabaquismo como factor de riesgo asociado a cáncer bucal. Reporte de dos casos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Martha Rebolledo Cobos

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available El tabaquismo corresponde a uno de los hábitos más comunes en la población mundial, tanto en hombres como en mujeres, siendo un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de lesiones neoplásicas malignas y premalignas en la cavidad bucal. Las diferentes formas de utilización de este hábito, como fumar cigarrillo de manera convencional, tabaquismo invertido y pasivo, presentan variables en cuanto a la incidencia y prevalencia de aparición de tumores, así como el tipo, cantidad y la intensidad de tabaco consumido. Las células epiteliales que recubren la mucosa bucal reaccionan como mecanismos de defensa ante el estímulo del humo y la combustión, al igual que frente a los sustancias químico- tóxicas que de ellos provienen; manifestándose como lesiones que varían entre leucoedemas, hiperqueratosis nicotínicas, fibrosis epiteliales, lesiones precancerosas, carcinomas in situ, hasta el desarrollo de verdaderas neoplasias malignas. El estomatólogo juega un rol fundamental en el diagnóstico oportuno y la prevención de estas afecciones, puesto que está entrenado para detectar cualquier lesión en estado incipiente, y así simplificar su tratamiento, mejorando la calidad de vida del paciente; pero mucho más importante que detectar la lesión es prevenir que aparezca, orientando, población y combatiendo los factores de riesgo. Se presentan dos casos de pacientes fumadoras activas que acudieron al servicio de Estomatología y Cirugía Oral de la Fundación Universitaria San Martín, sede Puerto Colombia, por presentar lesiones tumorales en cavidad bucal semejantes clínicamente a carcinomas bucales; a quienes se les realizaron biopsias que confirmaron diagnósticos de carcinoma escamocelular.

  12. Foot clearance and variability in mono- and multifocal intraocular lens users during stair navigation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Renz, Erik; Hackney, Madeleine; Hall, Courtney

    2016-01-01

    Intraocular lenses (IOLs) provide distance and near refraction and are becoming the standard for cataract surgery. Multifocal glasses increase variability of toe clearance in older adults navigating stairs and increase fall risk; however, little is known about the biomechanics of stair navigation in individuals with multifocal IOLs. This study compared clearance while ascending and descending stairs in individuals with monofocal versus multifocal IOLs. Eight participants with multifocal IOLs (4 men, 4 women; mean age = 66.5 yr, standard deviation [SD] = 6.26) and fifteen male participants with monofocal IOLs (mean age = 69.9 yr, SD = 6.9) underwent vision and mobility testing. Motion analysis recorded kinematic and custom software-calculated clearances in three-dimensional space. No significant differences were found between groups on minimum clearance or variability. Clearance differed for ascending versus descending stairs: the first step onto the stair had the greatest toe clearance during ascent, whereas the final step to the floor had the greatest heel clearance during descent. This preliminary study indicates that multifocal IOLs have similar biomechanic characteristics to monofocal IOLs. Given that step characteristics are related to fall risk, we can tentatively speculate that multifocal IOLs may carry no additional fall risk.

  13. Efficiency of fenticonazole for the treatment of vaginal candidiasis

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    Živaljević Biljana

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Introduction. Uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis appears in 75% women of reproductive age. The most frequent causes are Candida albicans (85-95% or C. glabrata, and infrequently C. krusei, C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis, C. pseudotropicalis, etc. Objective. The aim of the study was to investigate efficiency and safety of fenticonazole for vaginal candidiasis treatment. Methods. Therapeutic effect of a single 600 mg fenticonasole vaginal capsule was observed in 417 women, aged 16-67, in five centers in Serbia. In all women, before the treatment, vaginal candidiasis was confirmed by testing of vaginal smear. Based on smear findings and associated symptoms observed on the 7th and 28th day after therapy administration, treatment results were evaluated. On the next day after drug application the patients recorded by using a questionnaire their own feelings on withdrawal symptoms and possible side effects in the period prior to the first control. Results. Control after seven days showed a statistically significant decrease of symptoms. In 385 women, vaginal smear was found negative to yeast and yeast blastospores. Within the first seven days after treatment 84 women had to repeat therapy due to the persistence of symptoms or positive vaginal smear. After 28 days we recorded full recovery in 392 patients, clinical improvement in eight, no change in 16, and deterioration in one patient only. Side effects were very seldom, mostly in the form of a slight redness of the vulva and vagina, and mild itching during several days. Conclusion. Our observations confirmed good efficacy and safety of fenticonazole in the treatment of vaginal candidiasis.

  14. [Efficiency of fenticonazole for the treatment of vaginal candidiasis].

    Science.gov (United States)

    2012-01-01

    Uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis appears in 75% women of reproductive age. The most frequent causes are Candida albicans (85-95%) or C. glabrata, and infrequently C. krusei, C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis, C. pseudotropicalis, etc. The aim of the study was to investigate efficiency and safety of fenticonazole for vaginal candidiasis treatment. Therapeutic effect of a single 600 mg fenticonasole vaginal capsule was observed in 417 women, aged 16-67, in five centers in Serbia. In all women, before the treatment, vaginal candidiasis was confirmed by testing of vaginal smear. Based on smear findings and associated symptoms observed on the 7th and 28th day after therapy administration, treatment results were evaluated. On the next day after drug application the patients recorded by using a questionnaire their own feelings on withdrawal symptoms and possible side effects in the period prior to the first control. Control after seven days showed a statistically significant decrease of symptoms. In 385 women, vaginal smear was found negative to yeast and yeast blastospores. Within the first seven days after treatment 84 women had to repeat therapy due to the persistence of symptoms or positive vaginal smear. After 28 days we recorded full recovery in 392 patients, clinical improvement in eight, no change in 16, and deterioration in one patient only. Side effects were very seldom, mostly in the form of a slight redness of the vulva and vagina, and mild itching during several days. Our observations confirmed good efficacy and safety of fenticonazole in the treatment of vaginal candidiasis.

  15. Voriconazole salvage treatment of invasive candidiasis.

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Ostrosky-Zeichner, L.; Oude Lashof, A.M.L.; Kullberg, B.J.; Rex, J.H.

    2003-01-01

    Data on the salvage treatment of invasive candidiasis with voriconazole in 52 patients intolerant of other antifungal agents or with infection refractory to other antifungal agents were analyzed. Patients had received a mean of two previous antifungal agents (range, 1-4 agents), and 83% had received

  16. A comparative investigation of azole susceptibility in Candida isolates from vulvovaginal candidiasis and recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis patients in Ghana.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Adjapong, Gloria; Hale, Marie; Garrill, Ashley

    2017-08-01

    Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) and recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) affect millions of women and are typically treated with azoles. We know little about azole susceptibility of Candida species from VVC versus RVVC patients, and nothing about African isolates. We have investigated the susceptibility of Candida isolates from Ghana to fluconazole, itraconazole and/or voriconazole. The percentage of Candida albicans isolates showing susceptibility was significantly lower in RVVC than VVC patients. Isolates of Candida parapsilosis and Candida tropicalis showed a similar trend. For Candida glabrata there was no observed difference. The data indicate a decreased susceptibility in selected Candida species from RVVC patients. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The International Society for Human and Animal Mycology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

  17. Evaluation of effect of topical ozone therapy on salivary Candidal carriage in oral candidiasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Khatri, Isha; Moger, Ganapathi; Kumar, N Anil

    2015-01-01

    Ozone is highly valued for various therapeutic applications such as antimicrobial, antihypoxic, analgesic, and immunostimulating for more than a century in the medical profession. Ozone therapy is now gaining a strong foothold in dentistry. Ozone has bactericidal, fungicidal, and virucidal properties. Oral candidiasis is one of the most common opportunistic fungal infections of the oral cavity. Hence, a study was conducted to evaluate and compare the ability of ozonated water and topical clotrimazole in reducing the Candidal species colony-forming unit (CFU) count in oral candidiasis. The study included 40 candidiasis patients of either sex aged between 18 and 60 years attending the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology. The patients were randomly assigned to either topical ozone therapy or topical clotrimazole groups. Salivary Candidal CFU counts were assessed during and after the treatments. There was gradual but significant reduction in Candidal CFU count in both groups. At the end of the treatment, Candidal CFU count reduction in ozone group (60.5% reduction) was more than the clotrimazole group (32.3% reduction). 14 patients (70%) with candidiasis in ozone group were reduced to 6 (30%) whereas only 8 patients (40%) out of 13 (65%) in clotrimazole group, although intergroup comparison was not statistically significant. Ozone therapy was much more effective in reducing the patients with candidiasis to a state of carriers. These findings suggest that ozonated water might be useful to treat oral candidiasis.

  18. Application of diffractive aspheric multifocal intraocular lens in the Uighur in phacoemulsification

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nuersimanguli·Mijiti

    2016-05-01

    Full Text Available AIM:To research the efficacy and safety of diffractive aspheric multifocal intraocular lens(MIOLin the Uighur in phacoemulsification to provide guidance for the clinical treatment of cataracts patients in Xinjiang region. METHODS:Two hundred and twenty-eight Uygur patients(280 eyesreceived phacoemulsification from April 2012 to March 2013 were randomly divided into multifocal group(106 cases with 146 eyesand monofocal group(122 cases with 134 eyes. Patients were followed up for 3mo. The intraocular pressure(IOP, uncorrected distance visual acuity, uncorrected near vision, best-corrected distance visual acuity and best corrected near vision were measured. The delensed rate, visual quality, and satisfaction for lenses in the form of questionnaires were compared. RESULTS:Multifocal group was better on the uncorrected near vision than monofocal group(PP>0.05. The contrast sensitivity of multifocal group under scotopia at spatial frequency 3c/d was lower than that of monofocal group(PP>0.05. Delensed rate of multifocal group was higher than that of monofocal group(PP>0.05.CONCLUSION:MIOL with phacoemulsification can provide patient good full range vision, especially on good near vision. The patients with MIOL implanted have a higher delensed rate, less postoperative adverse symptoms, quicker recovery and satisfaction.

  19. Power profiles of single vision and multifocal soft contact lenses.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wagner, Sandra; Conrad, Fabian; Bakaraju, Ravi C; Fedtke, Cathleen; Ehrmann, Klaus; Holden, Brien A

    2015-02-01

    The purpose of this study was to investigate the optical zone power profile of the most commonly prescribed soft contact lenses to assess their potential impact on peripheral refractive error and hence myopia progression. The optical power profiles of six single vision and ten multifocal contact lenses of five manufacturers in the powers -1.00 D, -3.00 D, and -6.00 D were measured using the SHSOphthalmic (Optocraft GmbH, Erlangen, Germany). Instrument repeatability was also investigated. Instrument repeatability was dependent on the distance from the optical centre, manifesting unreliable data for the central 1mm of the optic zone. Single vision contact lens measurements of -6.00 D lenses revealed omafilcon A having the most negative spherical aberration, lotrafilcon A having the least. Somofilcon A had the highest minus power and lotrafilcon A the biggest deviation in positive direction, relative to their respective labelled powers. Negative spherical aberration occurred for almost all of the multifocal contact lenses, including the centre-distance designs etafilcon A bifocal and omafilcon A multifocal. Lotrafilcon B and balafilcon A seem to rely predominantly on the spherical aberration component to provide multifocality. Power profiles of single vision soft contact lenses varied greatly, many having a negative spherical aberration profile that would exacerbate myopia. Some lens types and powers are affected by large intra-batch variability or power offsets of more than 0.25 dioptres. Evaluation of power profiles of multifocal lenses was derived that provides helpful information for prescribing lenses for presbyopes and progressing myopes. Copyright © 2014 British Contact Lens Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  20. The Role of Dectin-2 for Host Defense Against Disseminated Candidiasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ifrim, Daniela C; Quintin, Jessica; Courjol, Flavie; Verschueren, Ineke; van Krieken, J Han; Koentgen, Frank; Fradin, Chantal; Gow, Neil A R; Joosten, Leo A B; van der Meer, Jos W M; van de Veerdonk, Frank; Netea, Mihai G

    2016-04-01

    Despite the fact that Candida albicans is an important human fungal pathogen and Dectin-2 is a major pattern recognition receptor for fungi, our knowledge regarding the role of Dectin-2 for the host defense against disseminated candidiasis is limited. Dectin-2 deficient (Dectin-2(-/-)) mice were more susceptible to systemic candidiasis, and the susceptibility was mirrored by an elevated fungal load in the kidneys that correlated with the presence of large inflammatory foci. Phagocytosis of Candida by the macrophages lacking the Dectin-2 receptor was moderately decreased, while production of most of the macrophage-derived cytokines from Dectin-2(-/-) mice with systemic candidiasis was decreased. No striking differences among several Candida mutants defective in mannans could be detected between naïve wild-type and Dectin-2(-/-) mice, apart from the β-mannan-deficient bmt1Δ/bmt2Δ/bmt5Δ triple mutant, suggesting that β-mannan may partially mask α-mannan detection, which is the major fungal structure recognized by Dectin-2. Deciphering the mechanisms responsible for host defense against the majority of C. albicans strains represents an important step in understanding the pathophysiology of systemic candidiasis, which might lead to the development of novel immunotherapeutic strategies.

  1. Hábitos bucales deformantes en un consultorio del médico de la familia en Camagüey, Cuba

    OpenAIRE

    Lima Álvarez, Magda; Romero Zaldívar, Esperanza; Pérez Cederrón, Ricardo Alberto

    2004-01-01

    Se realizó un estudio de intervención en la población de 5 a 18 años del Consultorio 18 del área Oeste de Camagüey desde noviembre de 1998 hasta enero de 2001, con el objetivo de evaluar la disminución de los hábitos bucales deformantes, determinar el tipo de oclusión según grupos de edades, identificar los hábitos bucales deformantes presentes y relacionar los mismos con el tipo de oclusión. El universo estuvo formado por 96 pacientes, de los cuales 84 fueron encuestados, interconsultados y ...

  2. Bioptics in sutureless intrascleral multifocal posterior chamber intraocular lens fixation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pavlidis, Mitrofanis; de Ortueta, Diego; Scharioth, Gabor B

    2011-05-01

    To present a technique for sutureless fixation of a three-piece, multifocal, posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) in the ciliary sulcus. A 24-year-old woman presented with bilateral subluxation of the crystalline lens. Two straight sclerotomies were prepared with a 24-gauge cannula 2.0 mm from the limbus 180° apart from each other. The cannula was used to create a 2.0- to 3.0-mm tunnel parallel to the limbus starting from the sclerotomies. The leading haptic of the multifocal IOL was grasped at its tip with end-gripping, 25-gauge forceps and pulled through the sclerotomy. The forceps was used to introduce the IOL haptic into the scleral tunnel parallel to the limbus. Multifocal posterior chamber IOLs were stable and well centered. No postoperative complications occurred in the 16-month follow-up period. Preoperative astigmatism was corrected after IOL implantation with corneal wavefront-guided laser epithelial keratomileusis. Sutureless fixation of multifocal posterior chamber IOL haptics in a scleral tunnel parallel to the limbus can be successful, resulting in long-term centration and three-dimensional axial stability for optimal refractive results. If necessary, postoperative wavefront-guided refractive correction can be performed to optimize final refraction. Copyright 2011, SLACK Incorporated.

  3. Avaliação das condições de saúde bucal de Portadores de Necessidades Especiais

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Faldryene de Sousa Queiroz

    Full Text Available Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as condições de saúde bucal de Portadores de Necessidades Especiais (PNE de uma Escola Especial da cidade de Patos-PB, bem como identificar as dificuldades apontadas por seus responsáveis para a manutenção da saúde bucal dos mesmos. Metodologia: A população-alvo deste estudo foi composta por 74 alunos, de ambos os sexos, regularmente matriculados, que preencheram os critérios de inclusão previamente estabelecidos e por seus responsáveis. O estudo foi conduzido em duas etapas: a primeira consistiu na aplicação de um formulário aos responsáveis pelos PNE, e a segunda, na realização de um exame clínico intrabucal, realizado por um examinador e anotador previamente calibrados, em que se avaliaram as condições de saúde bucal dos alunos por meio do Índice de Cárie Dentária (CPO-D, do Índice de Higiene Oral Simplificado (IHOS e da presença de Trauma Dentário. Resultado: Observou-se que 75,4% dos alunos já haviam recebido algum tipo de tratamento odontológico; destes, 50,9% afirmaram ter sido na Unidade Básica de Saúde. O CPO-D médio foi de 12,6 (±8,4, 52% apresentaram higiene oral deficiente e o trauma dental foi observado em 19,3% dos alunos analisados. Com relação ao parto, 51% das mães relataram ter tido uma gestação normal e 54,4% nunca haviam sido orientadas com relação aos cuidados com a saúde bucal do filho. Entre as dificuldades relatadas pelos responsáveis para manter a saúde bucal do PNE, 33,3% afirmaram ser encontrar um Dentista que o atenda e 33,3% apontaram o custo do tratamento. Conclusão: Os altos índices revelados pelo CPO-D, bem como a higiene oral deficiente, somados às dificuldades relatadas em se realizar o acompanhamento odontológico desses indivíduos, mostram a necessidade da implementação de políticas públicas mais voltadas à atenção a esses pacientes.

  4. Taxonomy of multi-focal nematode image stacks by a CNN based image fusion approach.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Liu, Min; Wang, Xueping; Zhang, Hongzhong

    2018-03-01

    In the biomedical field, digital multi-focal images are very important for documentation and communication of specimen data, because the morphological information for a transparent specimen can be captured in form of a stack of high-quality images. Given biomedical image stacks containing multi-focal images, how to efficiently extract effective features from all layers to classify the image stacks is still an open question. We present to use a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) image fusion based multilinear approach for the taxonomy of multi-focal image stacks. A deep CNN based image fusion technique is used to combine relevant information of multi-focal images within a given image stack into a single image, which is more informative and complete than any single image in the given stack. Besides, multi-focal images within a stack are fused along 3 orthogonal directions, and multiple features extracted from the fused images along different directions are combined by canonical correlation analysis (CCA). Because multi-focal image stacks represent the effect of different factors - texture, shape, different instances within the same class and different classes of objects, we embed the deep CNN based image fusion method within a multilinear framework to propose an image fusion based multilinear classifier. The experimental results on nematode multi-focal image stacks demonstrated that the deep CNN image fusion based multilinear classifier can reach a higher classification rate (95.7%) than that by the previous multilinear based approach (88.7%), even we only use the texture feature instead of the combination of texture and shape features as in the previous work. The proposed deep CNN image fusion based multilinear approach shows great potential in building an automated nematode taxonomy system for nematologists. It is effective to classify multi-focal image stacks. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  5. Experimental Oral Candidiasis in Animal Models

    Science.gov (United States)

    Samaranayake, Yuthika H.; Samaranayake, Lakshman P.

    2001-01-01

    Oral candidiasis is as much the final outcome of the vulnerability of the host as of the virulence of the invading organism. We review here the extensive literature on animal experiments mainly appertaining to the host predisposing factors that initiate and perpetuate these infections. The monkey, rat, and mouse are the choice models for investigating oral candidiasis, but comparisons between the same or different models appear difficult, because of variables such as the study design, the number of animals used, their diet, the differences in Candida strains, and the duration of the studies. These variables notwithstanding, the following could be concluded. (i) The primate model is ideal for investigating Candida-associated denture stomatitis since both erythematous and pseudomembranous lesions have been produced in monkeys with prosthetic plates; they are, however, expensive and difficult to obtain and maintain. (ii) The rat model (both Sprague-Dawley and Wistar) is well proven for observing chronic oral candidal colonization and infection, due to the ease of breeding and handling and their ready availability. (iii) Mice are similar, but in addition there are well characterized variants simulating immunologic and genetic abnormalities (e.g., athymic, euthymic, murine-acquired immune deficiency syndrome, and severe combined immunodeficient models) and hence are used for short-term studies relating the host immune response and oral candidiasis. Nonetheless, an ideal, relatively inexpensive model representative of the human oral environment in ecological and microbiological terms is yet to be described. Until such a model is developed, researchers should pay attention to standardization of the experimental protocols described here to obtain broadly comparable and meaningful data. PMID:11292645

  6. Heterogeneity of DNA methylation in multifocal prostate cancer.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Serenaite, Inga; Daniunaite, Kristina; Jankevicius, Feliksas; Laurinavicius, Arvydas; Petroska, Donatas; Lazutka, Juozas R; Jarmalaite, Sonata

    2015-01-01

    Most prostate cancer (PCa) cases are multifocal, and separate foci display histological and molecular heterogeneity. DNA hypermethylation is a frequent alteration in PCa, but interfocal heterogeneity of these changes has not been extensively investigated. Ten pairs of foci from multifocal PCa and 15 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) samples were obtained from prostatectomy specimens, resulting altogether in 35 samples. Methylation-specific PCR (MSP) was used to evaluate methylation status of nine tumor suppressor genes (TSGs), and a set of selected TSGs was quantitatively analyzed for methylation intensity by pyrosequencing. Promoter sequences of the RASSF1 and ESR1 genes were methylated in all paired PCa foci, and frequent (≥75 %) DNA methylation was detected in RARB, GSTP1, and ABCB1 genes. MSP revealed different methylation status of at least one gene in separate foci in 8 out of 10 multifocal tumors. The mean methylation level of ESR1, GSTP1, RASSF1, and RARB differed between the paired foci of all PCa cases. The intensity of DNA methylation in these TSGs was significantly higher in PCa cases than in BPH (p epigenetic profile of recurrent tumors can be inferred from our data.

  7. La sugestión en una etapa del sueño para el tratamiento de hábitos bucales deformantes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Arlene Liset Corrales León

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Introducción: en su labor diaria el estomatólogo atiende a los niños con hábitos bucales deformantes y debe tratar sus causas. Por tanto, requiere conocimientos sobre la psicología infantil y de aspectos relacionados con hábitos. Objetivo: aplicar la sugestión en la fase de sueño con movimientos oculares rápidos como técnica sugestiva por parte de la familia, para controlar estos hábitos bucales deformantes en edades tempranas, teniendo en cuenta la prevalencia de hábitos bucales deformantes en la muestra, su distribución según el sexo y la edad, la relación entre la influencia familiar y la eliminación de hábitos bucales deformantes. Material y método: se realizó un estudio longitudinal y prospectivo en la población de 2 a 18 años de los consultorios 15 y 16 del policlínico universitario "Luis Augusto Turcios Lima" de Pinar del Río, desde septiembre de 2011 a febrero de 2012. El universo estuvo integrado por 33 pacientes, de ellos, se seleccionaron 20 los que practicaban hábitos deformantes. Para el análisis de la información, se aplicó el método estadístico descriptivo y porcentual. El procesamiento de los datos se realizó mediante el sistema estadístico SPSS/PC. Resultados: el hábito deformante más frecuente fue el empuje lingual. El grupo de edades entre 5-9 años fue el más afectado. Se comprobó un cambio favorable en el estado de salud de los niños al disminuir la práctica de hábitos bucales deformantes. Conclusiones: la aplicabilidad de la terapia aplicada fue buena en más de la mitad de la muestra.

  8. Whole body MRI in the diagnosis of chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis.

    LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

    Kennedy, M T

    2012-06-01

    Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is a diagnosis of exclusion primarily in children and adolescents. As part of the essential criteria for the diagnosis of CRMO, multifocal lesions must be identified. We present the case of an 11-year-old boy with CRMO, whose diagnosis was facilitated by the use of whole body magnetic resonance imaging (WBMR), but not isotope bone scanning.

  9. Multifocal necrotizing fasciitis following Hirshsprung's disease ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Multifocal necrotizing fasciitis following Hirshsprung's disease surgery away from the surgical wound site. Ahmed A. Haseeb, Shadi Okasha and Atef Elbarawi. Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a life-threatening infection with rapidly progressive necrosis. Escherichia coli is rarely reported as causative agent of type 2 NF.

  10. Evaluation of Prevalence of Oral Candidiasis in Patients Using Complete Denture Wears

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    P Tavakkol

    2001-06-01

    Full Text Available Denture stomatotos os a common problem of the denture wears, and its etiology is not clear from the literatures. Some studies show that the aetiology is candida albicans, while other reports point out the other agents including candida albicans. The present study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of oral candidiasis in patients using complete denture with different datas. 50 subjects all wearing complete denture participated in this study. The palatal mucosa was swabbed and swabs were cultured in Sabourauds medium containing 0.005% chloramphenicol then cultures were tested with common mycological lab tests. In 80% of patients oral candidiasis have been diagnosed. In the investigation a direct relation between the oral candidiasis and removal of denture at night, denture cleanliness, presence of any suction and symptoms of denture stomatitis was shown. No relation between the oral candidiasis and sex, smoking habit, succeptible disease, angular cheilitis; the recent condition of denture and the retention of denture were found. The findings of our investigation indicates that candida albicans is the causative agent of denture stomatitis while other factors such as denture cleanliness, removal of denture at night and presence of any suction may be considered as well.

  11. Oral candidiasis in patients with psoriasis: correlation of oral examination and cytopathological evaluation with psoriasis disease severity and treatment.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Picciani, Bruna Lavinas Sayed; Michalski-Santos, Bruna; Carneiro, Sueli; Sampaio, Ana Luisa; Avelleira, Joao Carlos Regazzi; Azulay, David Rubem; Pinto, Jane Marcy Neffa; Dias, Eliane Pedra

    2013-06-01

    Infections are known to trigger and exacerbate psoriasis. Although oral candidiasis is often clinically diagnosed, it is not always confirmed by laboratory tests such as oral cytopathology. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of oral candidiasis in patients with psoriasis through clinical and cytopathological diagnosis and to investigate the association between oral candidiasis and psoriasis with regards to the severity of the clinical presentation and the type of treatment for psoriasis. A total of 140 patients with psoriasis and 140 healthy control subjects received an oral examination. Scrapings of the tongue were also obtained for a cytopathological examination. The oral examination and the results of the cytopathological smear revealed 37 (26%) cases of candidiasis in the patients with psoriasis and no cases of candidiasis in the healthy control subjects. There was no correlation between the type of psoriasis treatment and the presence of oral candidiasis (P = .616). There was a statistically significant association (P = .033) between the clinical severity of psoriasis and the presence of Candida. This study was limited by the small number of subjects and the lack of follow-up to determine the development of psoriasis after treatment for oral candidiasis. The presence of oral candidiasis is higher in patients with psoriasis and it is associated with disease severity. This increased presence of oral candidiasis was apparent despite any type of treatment for the psoriasis. Cytopathology to rule out oral candidiasis should be used in the routine medical workup of patients with psoriasis. Copyright © 2012 American Academy of Dermatology, Inc. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

  12. Total and Candida - Specific IgE in Recurrent Vaginal Candidiasis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    K V Ratnam

    1987-01-01

    Full Text Available Total and candida specific serum IgE levels were studied in 21 patients who fulfilled the criteria for recurrent vaginal candidiasis, and 45 controls. The candida specific IgE levels were significantly higher in patients with recurrent vaginal candidiasis when compared with the controls. There was no significant difference in the total IgE levels between patients and the controls. IgE is postulated to inhibit the cellular immune respsnse to candida and thereby prevent its eradication. There may be a genetic basis for the increased IgE levels.

  13. Gastric candidiasis with gastric adenocarcinoma intestinal type: A rare association

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kalaivani Selvi Subramanian

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Candidiasis of the gastrointestinal tract most commonly involves the esophagus and rarely involves the stomach and small bowel. The association of gastric carcinoma with candidiasis is even rare and only a very few case reports are available. We present here a 40-year-old female who presented with complaints of gastric outlet obstruction who on endoscopy showed a malignant ulcer involving the lesser curvature. The histopathological examination of biopsy from the ulcer showed adenocarcinoma intestinal type along with yeast and pseudohyphae forms of candida species.

  14. Oral candidiasis-adhesion of non-albicans Candida species

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bokor-Bratić Marija B.

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available Oral candidiasis is an opportunistic infection caused primarily by Candida albicans. However, in recent years, species of non-albicans Candida have been implicated more frequently in mucosal infection. Candida species usually reside as commensal organisms and are part of normal oral microflora. Determining exactly how transformation from commensal to pathogen takes place and how it can be prevented is continuous challenge for clinical doctors. Candidal adherence to mucosal surfaces is considered as a critical initial step in the pathogenesis of oral candidiasis. Acrylic dentures, acting as reservoirs, play an important role in increasing the risk from Candida colonisation. Thus, this review discusses what is currently known about the adhesion of non-albicans Candida species of oral origin to buccal epithelial cells and denture acrylics.

  15. Prevalence of oral candidiasis in HIV/AIDS children in highly active antiretroviral therapy era. A literature analysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gaitán-Cepeda, Luis Alberto; Sánchez-Vargas, Octavio; Castillo, Nydia

    2015-08-01

    SummaryHighly active antiretroviral therapy has decreased the morbidity and mortality related to HIV infection, including oral opportunistic infections. This paper offers an analysis of the scientific literature on the epidemiological aspects of oral candidiasis in HIV-positive children in the combination antiretroviral therapy era. An electronic databases search was made covering the highly active antiretroviral therapy era (1998 onwards). The terms used were oral lesions, oral candidiasis and their combination with highly active antiretroviral therapy and HIV/AIDS children. The following data were collected from each paper: year and country in which the investigation was conducted, antiretroviral treatment, oral candidiasis prevalence and diagnostic parameters (clinical or microbiological). Prevalence of oral candidiasis varied from 2.9% in American HIV-positive children undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy to 88% in Chilean HIV-positive children without antiretroviral therapy. With respect to geographical location and antiretroviral treatment, higher oral candidiasis prevalence in HIV-positive children on combination antiretroviral therapy/antiretroviral therapy was reported in African children (79.1%) followed by 45.9% reported in Hindu children. In HIV-positive Chilean children on no antiretroviral therapy, high oral candidiasis prevalence was reported (88%) followed by Nigerian children (80%). Oral candidiasis is still frequent in HIV-positive children in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era irrespective of geographical location, race and use of antiretroviral therapy. © The Author(s) 2014.

  16. Pseudomembranous Type of Oral Candidiasis is Associated with Decreased Salivary Flow Rate and Secretory Immunoglobulin A Levels.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mahajan, Bela; Bagul, Neeta; Desai, Rajiv; Reddy, Mamatha; Mahajan, Amit; Shete, Ashwini; Risbud, Arun; Mane, Arati

    2015-08-01

    Saliva plays an important role in maintaining microbial homeostasis in the oral cavity, while salivary gland hypofunction predisposes the oral mucosa to pathologic alteration and increases the risk for oral candidiasis. This study sought to determine the salivary flow rate (SFR) and secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) levels in HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals and evaluate their relationship with the determinants of oral candidiasis. Sixty HIV-positive (30 with and 30 without oral candidiasis) and 30 healthy HIV-negative individuals were enrolled. Cotton pellet was weighed pre- and post-saliva collection for the assessment of SFR, while SIgA levels were estimated by commercial ELISA (Diametra, Italy) kit. The mean ± SD, SFR and SIgA levels in HIV-positive individuals with candidiasis, without candidiasis and HIV-negative controls were 0.396 ± 0.290, 0.546 ± 0.355 and 0.534 ± 0.214 ml/min and 115.891 ± 37.621, 136.024 ± 51.075 and 149.418 ± 31.765 µg/ml, respectively. A positive correlation between low CD4 counts (indicator of immunodeficiency) and SIgA was observed in HIV-positive individuals with candidiasis (r = 0.373, p = 0.045). We also report here for the first time the significant decrease in SFR and SIgA levels in individuals presenting with pseudomembranous type of oral candidiasis and Candida albicans infection.

  17. Gastos privados com saúde bucal no Brasil: análise dos dados da Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares, 2008-2009

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andreia Morales Cascaes

    Full Text Available Resumo: O objetivo foi analisar os gastos privados com assistência odontológica e produtos de higiene bucal dos brasileiros. Foram analisados dados de 55.970 domicílios pesquisados na Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares de 2008-2009. Os gastos foram descritos segundo macrorregiões, estados e capitais do Brasil e de acordo com características socioeconômicas e demográficas dos domicílios (sexo, idade, cor da pele e escolaridade do chefe, renda domiciliar per capita e presença de idoso no domicílio. Os brasileiros gastaram em média no ano R$ 42,19 com serviços de assistência odontológica e R$ 10,27 com produtos de higiene bucal. Desigualdades sociais na distribuição desses gastos segundo as características dos moradores dos domicílios e segundo as diferentes macrorregiões, estados e capitais do país foram encontradas. O presente estudo evidenciou com detalhes quanto e com o que gastam os brasileiros com assistência odontológica e com produtos de higiene bucal. O monitoramento e avaliação desses gastos são condições fundamentais para avaliação e orientação de políticas públicas em saúde bucal.

  18. A radioimmunoassay method for the rapid detection of Candida antibodies is experimental systematic candidiasis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Huang, Y.; Berry, W.; Cooper, H.; Zachariah, Y.; Newman, T.

    1979-01-01

    Rabbits were employed as experimental models to evaluate a solid-phase radioimmunoassay (RIA) method for the diagnosis of systematic candidiasis. Ten rabbits were incubated subcutaneously to mimic superficial candidiasis and were found to produce no antibodies to Candida as determined by both immunodiffusion and RIA procedures. However, 94 per cent of 18 rabbits systematically infected by intravenous injection of Candida cells were observed to produce antibody as assessed by the RIA technique. These data encourage further tests with human sera and the continued development of this RIA procedure as a useful tool in the early serodiagnosis of systematic candidiasis. (Auth.)

  19. Indicadores de saúde bucal e qualidade de vida

    OpenAIRE

    Henriques, Cristiane [UNESP

    2007-01-01

    O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a autopercepção e as condições de saúde bucal de pacientes maiores de 50 anos, residentes em Araraquara-SP, verificando o grau de reprodutibilidade dos indicadores empregados.O planejamento estatístico incluiu estimativa de prevalência, por ponto e por intervalo de 95% de confiança (IC95%), estimativa de concordância pela estatística kappa e testes de associação com nível de significância de 5%. Inicialmente, foi verificado, entre idosos, nível ruim de auto...

  20. [Multifocal phakic intraocular lens implant to correct presbyopia].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Baikoff, G; Matach, G; Fontaine, A; Ferraz, C; Spera, C

    2005-03-01

    Presbyopic surgery is considered as the new frontier in refractive surgery. Different solutions are proposed: myopization of one eye, insertion of an accommodative crystalline lens, scleral surgery, the effects of which are still unknown, and finally multifocal phakic implants. We therefore decided to undertake a prospective study under the Huriet law to determine its efficacy and specify the conditions required for an anterior chamber multifocal phakic implant. Fifty-five eyes of 33 patients received an anterior chamber foldable multifocal phakic implant. Twenty-one females and 12 males underwent surgery. Initial refraction was between -5D and +5D. The implant's single addition was +2.50. Recuperating a distant uncorrected visual acuity of 0.6 or better and near uncorrected vision of Parinaud 3 or better can be considered a very good postoperative result. Average follow-up was 42.6+/-18 weeks. Mean postoperative refraction was -0.12+/-0.51 D. Mean postoperative uncorrected visual acuity was 0.78+/-0.20. Postoperative uncorrected visual acuity was Parinaud 2.3+/-0.6. Eighty-four percent of eyes operated on recuperated 0.6 or better without correction and Parinaud 3 or better without correction. Lenses in four eyes were explanted for different reasons, essentially optical, and no severe anatomical complications were observed. Placing an anterior chamber multifocal phakic implant to correct presbyopia is an effective technique with good predictability and has the advantage of being reversible in case of intolerance, optical parasite effects or undesired complications. Considering the particularity of this surgery, it is imperative to respect very strict inclusion criteria: anterior chamber depth equal to or above 3.1 mm, open angle, endothelial cell count equal to or above 2000 cells/mm2, absence of an incipient cataract or the slightest evidence of macular alteration.

  1. Retreatments after multifocal intraocular lens implantation: an analysis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gundersen KG

    2016-03-01

    Full Text Available Kjell Gunnar Gundersen,1 Sarah Makari,2 Steffen Ostenstad,1 Rick Potvin2 1Ifocus Eye Clinic, Haugesund, Norway; 2Science in Vision, Akron, NY, USA Purpose: To determine the incidence and etiology of required retreatment after multifocal intraocular lens (IOL implantation and to evaluate the methods and clinical outcomes of retreatment.Patients and methods: A retrospective chart review of 416 eyes of 209 patients from one site that underwent uncomplicated cataract surgery with multifocal IOL implantation. Biometry, the IOL, and refractive data were recorded after the original implantation, with the same data recorded after retreatment. Comments related to vision were obtained both before and after retreatment for retreated patients.Results: The multifocal retreatment rate was 10.8% (45/416 eyes. The eyes that required retreatment had significantly higher residual refractive astigmatism compared with those who did not require retreatment (1.21±0.51 D vs 0.51±0.39 D, P<0.01. The retreatment rate for the two most commonly implanted primary IOLs, blended bifocal (10.5%, 16/152 and bilateral trifocal (6.9%, 14/202 IOLs, was not statistically significantly different (P=0.12. In those requiring retreatment, refractive-related complaints were most common. Retreatment with refractive corneal surgery, in 11% of the eyes, and piggyback IOLs, in 89% of the eyes, was similarly successful, improving patient complaints 78% of the time.Conclusion: Complaints related to ametropia were the main reasons for retreatment. Residual astigmatism appears to be an important determinant of retreatment rate after multifocal IOL implantation. Retreatment can improve symptoms for a high percentage of patients; a piggyback IOL is a viable retreatment option. Keywords: piggyback IOL, Sulcoflex, toric, STAAR, symptoms, astigmatism

  2. Gingivitis crónica y la higiene bucal en adolescentes de la secundaria básica "Raúl González Diego"

    OpenAIRE

    Mayán Reina, Grissel; de Beche Riambau, Elisa; Sosa Rodríguez, Iria; Parejo Maden, Dayanira; Morales Morán, Liset

    2012-01-01

    Introducción: las afecciones bucales constituyen un importante problema de salud por su alta prevalencia y demanda pública. Dentro de ellas encontramos la gingivitis crónica, cuyas manifestaciones clínicas aparecen desde edades tempranas, confirmándose que durante la adolescencia existe un incremento de la misma, asociado con una deficiente higiene bucal. Objetivo: por ello nos motivamos a realizar esta investigación cuyo objetivo fue determinar el comportamiento epidemiológico de la gingivit...

  3. Rapid identification of drug resistant Candida species causing recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Diba, Kambiz; Namaki, Atefeh; Ayatolahi, Haleh; Hanifian, Haleh

    2012-01-01

    Some yeast agents including Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis and Candida glabrata have a role in recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis. We studied the frequency of both common and recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis in symptomatic cases which were referred to Urmia Medical Sciences University related gynecology clinics using morphologic and molecular methods. The aim of this study was the identification of Candida species isolated from recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis cases using a rapid and reliable molecular method. Vaginal swabs obtained from each case, were cultured on differential media including cornmeal agar and CHROM agar Candida. After 48 hours at 37℃, the cultures were studied for growth characteristics and color production respectively. All isolates were identified using the molecular method of PCR - restriction fragment length polymorphism. Among all clinical specimens, we detected 19 ( 16 % ) non fungal agents, 87 ( 82.1 % ) yeasts and 2 ( 1.9 % ) multiple infections. The yeast isolates identified morphologically included Candida albicans ( n = 62 ), Candida glabrata ( n = 9 ), Candida tropicalis ( n = 8 ), Candida parapsilosis ( n = 8 ) and Candida guilliermondii and Candida krusei ( n = 1 each ). We also obtained very similar results for Candida albicans, Candida glabrata and Candida tropicalis as the most common clinical isolates, by using PCR - Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism. Use of two differential methods, morphologic and molecular, enabled us to identify most medically important Candida species which particularly cause recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis.

  4. Inhaled corticosteroids and the occurrence of oral candidiasis: a prescription sequence symmetry analysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    van Boven, Job F M; de Jong-van den Berg, Lolkje T W; Vegter, Stefan

    2013-04-01

    The primary aim of the study was to gain insight into the relative risk of clinically relevant oral candidiasis following inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) initiation over time. A secondary aim was to analyse the influence of patient characteristics and co-medication on the occurrence of this adverse effect. Drug prescription data from 1994 to 2011 were retrieved from the IADB.nl database. To study the influence of ICS use on occurrence of oral candidiasis, a prescription symmetry analysis was used, including patients using medication for oral candidiasis up to 1 year before or after ICS initiation. The relative risk was calculated by dividing the number of patients receiving medication for oral candidiasis after ICS initiation by the number of patients receiving the same medication before ICS initiation. Sub-analyses were conducted to compare the relative risks at several time points after ICS initiation and to account for therapy persistence by only including chronic users of ICS. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify predictive factors. A total of 52,279 incident users of ICS therapy were identified, of which 1,081 received medication for oral candidiasis up to 1 year before or after ICS initiation. A total of 701 patients received medication for oral candidiasis after ICS initiation, while 361 received these medications in the reversed sequence, resulting in a sequence ratio (SR) of 1.94 (95 % CI 1.71-2.21). In the first 3 months after ICS initiation, the SR was 2.72 (95 % CI 2.19-3.38) and then decreased to 1.47 (95 % CI 1.11-1.95) 9-12 months after ICS initiation. Predictive factors were higher daily dose of ICS and concomitant use of oral corticosteroids. This study found a significant and clinically relevant increased number of patients receiving medication for oral candidiasis in the first year after therapy initiation with ICS. Relative risk is highest in the first 3 months, but remains increased up to at least 1 year after ICS

  5. The incidence of ocular candidiasis and evaluation of routine opthalmic examination in critically ill patients with candidaemia.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gluck, S; Headdon, W G; Tang, Dws; Bastian, I B; Goggin, M J; Deane, A M

    2015-11-01

    Despite a paucity of data regarding both the incidence of ocular candidiasis and the utility of ophthalmic examination in critically ill patients, routine ophthalmic examination is recommended for critically ill patients with candidaemia. The objectives were to estimate the incidence of ocular candidiasis and evaluate whether ophthalmic examination influenced subsequent management of these patients. We conducted a ten-year retrospective observational study. Data were extracted for all ICU patients who were blood culture positive for fungal infection. Risk factors for candidaemia and eye involvement were quantified and details regarding ophthalmic examination were reviewed. Candida species were cultured in 93 patients. Risk factors for ocular candidiasis were present in 57% of patients. Forty-one percent of patients died prior to ophthalmology examination and 2% of patients were discharged before candidaemia was identified. During examination, signs of ocular candidiasis were only present in one (2.9%) patient, who had a risk factor for ocular candidiasis. Based on these findings, the duration of antifungal treatment for this patient was increased. Ocular candidiasis occurs rarely in critically ill patients with candidaemia, but because treatment regimens may be altered when diagnosed, routine ophthalmic examination is still indicated.

  6. Treatment of gastric candidiasis in patients with gastric ulcer disease: are antifungal agents necessary?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jung, Min Kyu; Jeon, Seong Woo; Cho, Chang Min; Tak, Won Young; Kweon, Young Oh; Kim, Sung Kook; Choi, Yong Hwan

    2009-03-01

    The inadequacy of information on the treatment of gastric candidiasis with antifungal agents promoted us to evaluate patients with fungal infections who had gastric ulcers and assess the need for proton-pump inhibitors or antifungal agents. Sixteen patients were included in the study. The criterion for the diagnosis of candidiasis was finding yeast and hyphae in the tissue or an ulcer on histological sections of biopsy samples. Surface fungi were not considered infections. In all cases with benign ulcers, follow-up endoscopy performed 6 weeks after proton-pump-inhibitor treatment revealed that the ulcer had improved without antifungal medication. However, in patients with malignant ulcers, surgical resection was necessary for a definitive cure. Two patients with lymphoma received combined chemotherapy and a proton-pump inhibitor, which improved their condition. The results of this study suggest that benign ulcers with candidiasis can be effectively treated by a proton-pump inhibitor without antifungal medication. However, surgical resection should be considered for malignant ulcers with candidiasis.

  7. Avaliação da saúde bucal das gestantes atendidas no PSF Adirbal Corralo na cidade Passo Fundo-RS

    OpenAIRE

    Carlos Alberto Rech; Patrícia Manfio

    2016-01-01

    O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar as condições e percepções de saúde bucal das gestantes que freqüentam o grupo de gestantes do PSF Adirbal Corralo na cidade de Passo Fundo-RS. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo com abordagem descritiva. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizados questionários acerca da saúde bucal das gestantes, procurando observar quantas vezes e como é feita a escovação, o atendimento odontológico, as orientações odontológicas pré-natais e também exame clínico ver...

  8. Autopercepção da saúde bucal entre idosos brasileiros Autopercepción de la salud bucal entre ancianos brasileños Self-perceived oral health among Brazilian elderly individuals

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andréa Maria Eleutério de Barros Lima Martins

    2010-10-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Identificar os fatores associados à autopercepção da saúde bucal entre idosos brasileiros. MÉTODOS: Utilizaram-se dados do Projeto SB Brasil, realizado em 20022003. Foi examinada e entrevistada amostra probabilística de 5.349 idosos de 65 a 74 anos agrupados em dentados e edentados. A variável dependente foi autopercepção da condição de saúde bucal e as independentes foram: local de moradia, características individuais, comportamentos relacionados à saúde, condições objetivas de saúde e condições subjetivas relacionadas à saúde. Foram conduzidas análises descritivas e análises de regressão linear múltipla hierárquica. RESULTADOS: Nos dois grupos a autopercepção da saúde bucal foi considerada positiva, apesar das precárias condições de saúde bucal entre os idosos. No modelo final, o local de moradia e as características individuais pouco contribuíram para explicar a variabilidade da autopercepção. Entre dentados, o uso de serviços odontológicos esteve associado ao desfecho, e as condições objetivas e subjetivas se mostraram associadas nos dois grupos. Entre dentados e edentados, o R² para o ambiente externo foi de 0,00; com o acréscimo das características individuais, respectivamente, 0,05 e 0,02; incluindo o comportamento relacionado à saúde, 0,06 e 0,03; acrescentando as condições objetivas de saúde, 0,11 e 0,04; adicionando as condições subjetivas relacionadas à saúde foram 0,50 e 0,43. Foi possível explicar 50% da variabilidade da autopercepção entre dentados e 43% entre edentados. CONCLUSÕES: Os principais fatores associados à autopercepção da saúde bucal como positiva nos dois grupos foram a autopercepção da aparência como ótima seguida pela autopercepção da mastigação como positiva. O terceiro fator associado, entre dentados, foi o relato de nenhuma necessidade de tratamento odontológico e, entre edentados, a autopercepção da fala.OBJETIVO: Identificar los

  9. Invasive Candidiasis in Various Patient Populations: Incorporating Non-Culture Diagnostic Tests into Rational Management Strategies

    Science.gov (United States)

    Clancy, Cornelius J.; Shields, Ryan K.; Nguyen, M. Hong

    2016-01-01

    Mortality rates due to invasive candidiasis remain unacceptably high, in part because the poor sensitivity and slow turn-around time of cultures delay the initiation of antifungal treatment. β-d-glucan (Fungitell) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based (T2Candida) assays are FDA-approved adjuncts to cultures for diagnosing invasive candidiasis, but their clinical roles are unclear. We propose a Bayesian framework for interpreting non-culture test results and developing rational patient management strategies, which considers test performance and types of invasive candidiasis that are most common in various patient populations. β-d-glucan sensitivity/specificity for candidemia and intra-abdominal candidiasis is ~80%/80% and ~60%/75%, respectively. In settings with 1%–10% likelihood of candidemia, anticipated β-d-glucan positive and negative predictive values are ~4%–31% and ≥97%, respectively. Corresponding values in settings with 3%–30% likelihood of intra-abdominal candidiasis are ~7%–51% and ~78%–98%. β-d-glucan is predicted to be useful in guiding antifungal treatment for wide ranges of populations at-risk for candidemia (incidence ~5%–40%) or intra-abdominal candidiasis (~7%–20%). Validated PCR-based assays should broaden windows to include populations at lower-risk for candidemia (incidence ≥~2%) and higher-risk for intra-abdominal candidiasis (up to ~40%). In the management of individual patients, non-culture tests may also have value outside of these windows. The proposals we put forth are not definitive treatment guidelines, but rather represent starting points for clinical trial design and debate by the infectious diseases community. The principles presented here will be applicable to other assays as they enter the clinic, and to existing assays as more data become available from different populations. PMID:29376927

  10. Invasive Candidiasis in Various Patient Populations: Incorporating Non-Culture Diagnostic Tests into Rational Management Strategies

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cornelius J. Clancy

    2016-02-01

    Full Text Available Mortality rates due to invasive candidiasis remain unacceptably high, in part because the poor sensitivity and slow turn-around time of cultures delay the initiation of antifungal treatment. β-d-glucan (Fungitell and polymerase chain reaction (PCR-based (T2Candida assays are FDA-approved adjuncts to cultures for diagnosing invasive candidiasis, but their clinical roles are unclear. We propose a Bayesian framework for interpreting non-culture test results and developing rational patient management strategies, which considers test performance and types of invasive candidiasis that are most common in various patient populations. β-d-glucan sensitivity/specificity for candidemia and intra-abdominal candidiasis is ~80%/80% and ~60%/75%, respectively. In settings with 1%–10% likelihood of candidemia, anticipated β-d-glucan positive and negative predictive values are ~4%–31% and ≥97%, respectively. Corresponding values in settings with 3%–30% likelihood of intra-abdominal candidiasis are ~7%–51% and ~78%–98%. β-d-glucan is predicted to be useful in guiding antifungal treatment for wide ranges of populations at-risk for candidemia (incidence ~5%–40% or intra-abdominal candidiasis (~7%–20%. Validated PCR-based assays should broaden windows to include populations at lower-risk for candidemia (incidence ≥~2% and higher-risk for intra-abdominal candidiasis (up to ~40%. In the management of individual patients, non-culture tests may also have value outside of these windows. The proposals we put forth are not definitive treatment guidelines, but rather represent starting points for clinical trial design and debate by the infectious diseases community. The principles presented here will be applicable to other assays as they enter the clinic, and to existing assays as more data become available from different populations.

  11. Oral lichen planus versus epithelial dysplasia: difficulties in diagnosis Líquen plano bucal versus displasia epitelial: dificuldades diagnósticas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fernando Augusto Cervantes Garcia de Sousa

    2009-10-01

    Full Text Available Histopathological diagnosis of oral lichen planus is not easy since some cases of epithelial dysplasia may present traits which are very similar to those from lichen planus. AIM: to compare cell alterations which suggest malignancy present in oral lichen planus with those from epithelial dysplasia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: histological cross-sections of oral lichen planus and dysplasia, dyed by hematoxylin-eosin, were analyzed by means of light microscopy. RESULTS: variance analysis (alpha=5% revealed a statistically significant difference between the average number of cell alterations in the lichen planus (5.83±1.61 and epithelial dysplasia (4.46±1.26. The chi-squared test did not show statistically significant differences between oral lichen planus and epithelial dysplasia in relation to the following cell alterations: increase in nucleus/cytoplasm ratio, nuclear hyperchromatism, irregular chromatin distribution and enlarged nuclei (p>0.05. CONCLUSION: Some cell alterations which suggest malignancy present in the oral lichen planus may also be found in epithelial dysplasia, impairing its diagnosis and, consequently, stressing the importance of following these patients in the long run.O diagnóstico histopatológico do líquen plano bucal não é fácil, pois alguns casos de displasia epitelial podem apresentar características bastante semelhantes às do líquen plano. OBJETIVO: Comparar as alterações celulares sugestivas de malignidade presentes no líquen plano bucal com as da displasia epitelial. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Cortes histológicos de líquen plano bucal e displasia, corados com hematoxilina-eosina, foram analisados por meio da microscopia de luz. RESULTADOS: A análise de variância (alfa=5% revelou haver diferença estatisticamente significante entre o número médio de alterações celulares no líquen plano bucal (5,83±1,61 e na displasia epitelial (4,46±1,26. O teste de qui-quadrado não mostrou diferença estatisticamente

  12. Probiotics as Antifungals in Mucosal Candidiasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Matsubara, Victor H; Bandara, H M H N; Mayer, Marcia P A; Samaranayake, Lakshman P

    2016-05-01

    Candidais an opportunistic pathogen that causes mucosal and deep systemic candidiasis. The emergence of drug resistance and the side effects of currently available antifungals have restricted their use as long-term prophylactic agents for candidal infections. Given this scenario, probiotics have been suggested as a useful alternative for the management of candidiasis. We analyzed the available data on the efficacy of probiotics in candidal colonization of host surfaces. A number of well-controlled studies indicate that probiotics, particularly lactobacilli, suppressCandidagrowth and biofilm development in vitro.A few clinical trials have also shown the beneficial effects of probiotics in reducing oral, vaginal, and enteric colonization byCandida; alleviation of clinical signs and symptoms; and, in some cases, reducing the incidence of invasive fungal infection in critically ill patients. Probiotics may serve in the future as a worthy ally in the battle against chronic mucosal candidal infections. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail journals.permissions@oup.com.

  13. Micosis superficiales: Candidiasis y pitiriasis versicolor

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rubén José Larrondo Muguercia

    2001-12-01

    Full Text Available Se exponen las características clínicas de las lesiones cutáneas en las candidiasis y la pitiriasis versicolor. Se hace hincapié en las medidas de educación, prevención y control de estas afecciones a nivel primario de atención médica. Se exponen además las diferentes maniobras terapéuticas, tanto tópicas como sistémicas, con las que se cuenta para su tratamiento, y se hace referencia a las medidas terapéuticas alternativas que brinda la medicina natural y tradicional para estas afecciones.The clinical characteristics of the skin lesions in candidiasis and pityriasis versicolor are dealth with. Emphasis is made on the measures of education, prevention and control of these affections at the primary health care level. The different topic and systematic therapeutic maneuvers to be used in the treatment are explained. Reference is made to the alternative therapeutic measures offered by traditional and natural medicine for these affections.

  14. Relación histopatológica de la displasia epitelial con la oncoproteína p53 en la leucoplasia bucal

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Zenia Batista Castro

    2012-03-01

    Full Text Available La leucoplasia bucal es una lesión precancerosa bien conocida debido a su asociación con la presencia de displasia epitelial y su tendencia a la transformación maligna. Con el fin de eliminar la subjetividad en la determinación de los grados de la displasia epitelial se han utilizado marcadores biológicos, entre ellos, el AcM anti p53. Por ello se propuso evaluar la expresión del AcM anti p53 en los diferentes grados de displasia epitelial en la leucoplasia bucal. Se emplearon las biopsias de 46 pacientes con diagnóstico de leucoplasia bucal, procedentes del Departamento de Patología Bucal de la Facultad de Estomatología de La Habana. Las muestras fueron procesadas por la técnica de inclusión en parafina y coloreadas con la técnica inmunohistoquímica del complejo avidina-biotina-peroxidasa para el AcM p53. Se estudió la correlación entre el patrón de inmunoensayo para p53 y el grado de displasia epitelial. Se evidenció que existe una asociación significativa entre la inmunocoloración de las células basales y suprabasales del epitelio con la oncoproteína p53, en los distintos grados de severidad de la displasia epitelial, lo que pudiera estar relacionado con el incremento progresivo de atipia celular observada. Se concluyó que en las muestras estudiadas existió una relación coincidente del aumento del grado de severidad de la displasia epitelial, con el marcaje de la oncoproteína p53. Estas evidencias sugirieron que el análisis inmunohistoquímico de p53 en conjunto con los parámetros histológicos, principalmente relacionados con el grado de severidad de la displasia epitelial, pudiera ser utilizado para lograr un diagnóstico más certero y contribuir a la prevención del cáncer bucal.

  15. Protector bucal por laminado a presión en paciente deportista

    OpenAIRE

    Corral, Camila; Mercado, Montserrat; Latapiat, André; Veliz, Andrea; Garrido, Mauricio; de Oliveira Jr, Osmir Batista

    2017-01-01

    RESUMEN: El traumatismo dentoalveolar incluye un conjunto de lesiones que afectan a los dientes y/o estructuras de soporte a consecuencia de un impacto violento directo o indirecto. Debido a que por lo general comprometen el sector anterior generan cambios físicos, fonéticos, psicológicos y dietarios, que pueden afectar significativamente la calidad de vida de pacientes afectados por este traumatismo. Los protectores bucales son considerados la principal medida para minimizar y/o evitar estos...

  16. Epidemiology of Hospitalizations Associated with Invasive Candidiasis, United States, 2002-20121.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Strollo, Sara; Lionakis, Michail S; Adjemian, Jennifer; Steiner, Claudia A; Prevots, D Rebecca

    2016-01-01

    Invasive candidiasis is a major nosocomial fungal disease in the United States associated with high rates of illness and death. We analyzed inpatient hospitalization records from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project to estimate incidence of invasive candidiasis-associated hospitalizations in the United States. We extracted data for 33 states for 2002-2012 by using codes from the International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification, for invasive candidiasis; we excluded neonatal cases. The overall age-adjusted average annual rate was 5.3 hospitalizations/100,000 population. Highest risk was for adults >65 years of age, particularly men. Median length of hospitalization was 21 days; 22% of patients died during hospitalization. Median unadjusted associated cost for inpatient care was $46,684. Age-adjusted annual rates decreased during 2005-2012 for men (annual change -3.9%) and women (annual change -4.5%) and across nearly all age groups. We report a high mortality rate and decreasing incidence of hospitalizations for this disease.

  17. COMPETÊNCIAS DE AUXILIARES E TÉCNICOS DE SAÚDE BUCAL E O VÍNCULO COM O SISTEMA ÚNICO DE SAÚDE

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cristine Maria Warmling

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Resumo O estudo teve por objetivo descrever o perfil sociodemográfico, de trabalho e formação de auxiliares e técnicos em saúde bucal com atuação no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram analisadas as informações relatadas por 255 auxiliares e técnicos de saúde bucal que participaram do Congresso Rio-Grandense de Odontologia realizado em 2010 e 2012. A pesquisa utilizou-se de um questionário escrito, estruturado e autoaplicável, organizado em três blocos temáticos com as seguintes categorias: identificação (sexo, idade, estado civil, estado/cidade, renda, habilitação, vínculo e inscrição conselho/sindicato, formação (estabelecimento, duração, incentivo/dificuldades de atualização/formação e processo de trabalho (competências e atribuições profissionais. Os resultados encontrados demonstraram que diferenças no processo de trabalho entre os auxiliares e técnicos de saúde bucal determinadas pelo vínculo de trabalho com o Sistema Único de Saúde estavam concentradas nas atribuições das competências de promoção e prevenção de saúde. Também se verificou que as atribuições das competências de organização do ambiente de trabalho e de atendimento clínico de saúde bucal conferem maior identidade ao trabalho desses profissionais, independentemente do vínculo. O estudo alerta para a sobreposição das competências e atribuições realizadas pelos auxiliares e técnicos de saúde bucal.

  18. The Epidemiology and Diagnosis of Invasive Candidiasis Among Premature Infants

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kelly, Matthew S.; Benjamin, Daniel K.; Smith, P. Brian

    2015-01-01

    Invasive candidiasis is a leading infectious cause of morbidity and mortality in premature infants. Improved recognition of modifiable risk factors and antifungal prophylaxis have contributed to the recent decline in the incidence of this infection among infants. Invasive candidiasis typically occurs in the first six weeks of life and presents with non-specific signs of sepsis. Definitive diagnosis relies on growth of Candida in blood culture or cultures from other normally sterile sites, but this may identify fewer than half of cases. Improved diagnostics are needed to guide initiation of antifungal therapy in premature infants. PMID:25677999

  19. Incidence and Clinical Predictors of Ocular Candidiasis in Patients with Candida Fungemia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ayesha Khalid

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Purpose. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence and the predictors of ocular candidiasis among patient with Candida fungemia. Methods. We retrospectively reviewed the charts of all patients diagnosed with candidemia at the University of Kansas Medical Center during February 2000–March 2010. Data regarding patients’ demographics, clinical characteristics, laboratory results, and ophthalmology examination findings were collected. Results. A total of 283 patients with candidemia were enrolled. The mean age (± standard deviation was 55 ± 18 years; 66% were male. The most commonly isolated Candida species were C. albicans (54%, C. parapsilosis (20%, C. glabrata (13%, and C. tropicalis (8%. Only 144 (51% patients were evaluated by ophthalmology; however, the proportion of patients who were formally evaluated by an ophthalmologist increased during the study period (9%in 2000 up to 73%in 2010; P<0.0001. Evidence of ocular candidiasis was present in 18 (12.5% patients. Visual symptoms were reported by 5 of 18 (28% patients. In multivariable analysis, no predictors of ocular candidiasis were identified. Conclusions. The incidence of ocular candidiasis among patients with fungemia remains elevated. Most patients are asymptomatic and therefore all patients with candidemia should undergo fundoscopic examination to rule out ocular involvement.

  20. Representações sociais de gestantes sobre saúde bucal

    OpenAIRE

    Finkler, Mirelle

    2003-01-01

    Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia. Partindo do pressuposto de que é necessário melhor entender para melhor agir, este estudo investigou os saberes de gestantes sobre saúde bucal, tendo como objetivo a compreensão das representações sociais (RS) que influenciam suas práticas, à luz da Teoria das Representações Sociais, proposta por Moscovici, em 1961. Os sujeitos desta pesquisa qualitativa f...

  1. Direct Microscopy: A Useful Tool to Diagnose Oral Candidiasis in Children and Adolescents.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Marty, Mathieu; Bourrat, Emmanuelle; Vaysse, Frédéric; Bonner, Mark; Bailleul-Forestier, Isabelle

    2015-12-01

    Oral candidiasis is one of the most common opportunistic fungal infections of the oral cavity in human. Among children, this condition represents one of the most frequent affecting the mucosa. Although most diagnoses are made based on clinical signs and features, a microbiological analysis is sometimes necessary. We performed a literature review on the diagnosis of oral candidiasis to identify the techniques most commonly employed in routine clinical practice. A Medline-PubMed search covering the last 10 years was performed. Microbiological techniques were used in cases requiring confirmation of the clinical diagnosis. In such cases, direct microscopy was the method most commonly used for diagnosing candidiasis. Direct microscopy appears as the method of choice for confirming clinical diagnosis and could become a routine chair-side technique.

  2. Ocular candidiasis: a review.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shah, C P; McKey, J; Spirn, M J; Maguire, J

    2008-04-01

    To review the epidemiology, diagnosis and changing treatment paradigm of ocular candidiasis, and report current prevalence rates and risk factors at one inpatient hospital. Retrospective review; systematic literature review. All Wills Eye Institute inpatient ophthalmology consultations from Thomas Jefferson University Hospital were retrospectively reviewed between June 2006 and November 2006. All consultations for candidaemia were included. The outcome variables included chorioretinitis, endophthalmitis, visual symptoms and Candida speciation. The ophthalmic literature was reviewed using PubMed. Keywords included Candida, candidaemia, chorioretinitis, vitritis and endophthalmitis. Bibliographies were manually searched. Three of the 38 consultations for candidaemia (7.9%) had chorioretinitis. There were no cases of vitritis or endophthalmitis. The presence of symptoms, or the inability to articulate symptoms, was significantly associated with risk of ocular candidiasis (p = 0.003). All three cases of chorioretinitis had positive blood cultures for Candida albicans (p = 0.089) and were treated with oral fluconazole. Various factors have led to the increasing prevalence of inpatient candidaemia. Risk factors for ocular involvement include albicans species and the presence of, or inability to articulate, visual symptoms. For those without abnormal findings on initial examination, a subsequent retinal examination should be performed in 2 weeks, particularly if new symptoms develop or if the patient is unable to relay symptoms. Patients with chorioretinitis should be treated with systemic antifungal agents. For those with vitritis or endophthalmitis, particularly if worsening on systemic therapy alone, intravitreal antifungal medications or early vitrectomy should be considered.

  3. Contactin-1 and Neurofascin-155/-186 Are Not Targets of Auto-Antibodies in Multifocal Motor Neuropathy.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kathrin Doppler

    Full Text Available Multifocal motor neuropathy is an immune mediated disease presenting with multifocal muscle weakness and conduction block. IgM auto-antibodies against the ganglioside GM1 are detectable in about 50% of the patients. Auto-antibodies against the paranodal proteins contactin-1 and neurofascin-155 and the nodal protein neurofascin-186 have been detected in subgroups of patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. Recently, auto-antibodies against neurofascin-186 and gliomedin were described in more than 60% of patients with multifocal motor neuropathy. In the current study, we aimed to validate this finding, using a combination of different assays for auto-antibody detection. In addition we intended to detect further auto-antibodies against paranodal proteins, specifically contactin-1 and neurofascin-155 in multifocal motor neuropathy patients' sera. We analyzed sera of 33 patients with well-characterized multifocal motor neuropathy for IgM or IgG anti-contactin-1, anti-neurofascin-155 or -186 antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, binding assays with transfected human embryonic kidney 293 cells and murine teased fibers. We did not detect any IgM or IgG auto-antibodies against contactin-1, neurofascin-155 or -186 in any of our multifocal motor neuropathy patients. We conclude that auto-antibodies against contactin-1, neurofascin-155 and -186 do not play a relevant role in the pathogenesis in this cohort with multifocal motor neuropathy.

  4. Effect of multizone refractive multifocal contact lenses on standard automated perimetry.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Madrid-Costa, David; Ruiz-Alcocer, Javier; García-Lázaro, Santiago; Albarrán-Diego, César; Ferrer-Blasco, Teresa

    2012-09-01

    The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the creation of 2 foci (distance and near) provided by multizone refractive multifocal contact lenses (CLs) for presbyopia correction affects the measurements on Humphreys 24-2 Swedish interactive threshold algorithm (SITA) standard automated perimetry (SAP). In this crossover study, 30 subjects were fitted in random order with either a multifocal CL or a monofocal CL. After 1 month, a Humphrey 24-2 SITA standard strategy was performed. The visual field global indices (the mean deviation [MD] and pattern standard deviation [PSD]), reliability indices, test duration, and number of depressed points deviating at P0.5% on pattern deviation probability plots were determined and compared between multifocal and monofocal CLs. Thirty eyes of 30 subjects were included in this study. There were no statistically significant differences in reliability indices or test duration. There was a statistically significant reduction in the MD with the multifocal CL compared with monfocal CL (P=0.001). Differences were not found in PSD nor in the number of depressed points deviating at P0.5% in the pattern deviation probability maps studied. The results of this study suggest that the multizone refractive lens produces a generalized depression in threshold sensitivity as measured by the Humphreys 24-2 SITA SAP.

  5. Saúde bucal do idoso: por uma política inclusiva

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Lúcia Schaefer Ferreira de Mello

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available El presente artículo forma parte de una investigación sobre el cuidado a la salud bucodental, realizada en residencias geriátricas. Su objetivo es relacionar el significado del cuidado a la salud bucodental del anciano, institucionalizando los asuntos referentes a las políticas públicas, en el actual contexto nacional de implementación de políticas de salud/salud bucal. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo basado en la Grounded Theory. Participaron del estudio tres ancianos, cuatro cuidadores, dos enfermeros y tres administradores (primer grupo del muestreo; y, tres dentistas, tres gestores públicos y un administrador (segundo grupo del muestreo. Después de la relectura de los datos de las entrevistas y del análisis comparativo, la categoría: Insertando el cuidado a la salud bucodental del anciano en la dimensión político-organizacional incluyó las políticas públicas de salud/salud bucal. A pesar de las garantías legales, del crecimiento de los recursos y de la expansión de los servicios, la implementación de políticas públicas que incluyan al anciano en las acciones de salud bucodental es incipiente para garantizar el compromiso público-estadual y gubernamental que transforme la realidad epidemiológica.

  6. Susceptibility to renal candidiasis due to immunosuppression ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    This study aims to demonstrate the relationship between renal candidiasis and breast cancer by observing the histopathological changes of the kidneys harvested from female Balb/c mice experimentally induced with breast cancer and inoculated with candida. The mice were randomly assigned to 5 different groups (n=12).

  7. Factors associated with symptomatic vulvovaginal candidiasis: a ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Background: Symptomatic vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is one of the most common problems leading women to seek advice in primary healthcare facilities. Aim: The aim of this study is to describe the associations between some hypothesized factors and the presence of symptomatic VVC. Subjects and Methods: An ...

  8. Hábitos de higiene bucal de adultos porto-alegrenses

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    Abegg Claídes

    1997-01-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Avaliar alguns hábitos de higiene bucal (escovação dentária, uso do palito e uso do fio dental em um grupo de adultos, em relação a fatores sociodemográficos, e investigar o nível de placa bacteriana e sangramento gengival. METODOLOGIA: A amostra foi constituída por 234 mulheres e 237 homens de duas categorias socioeconômicas, com idade entre 24 e 44 anos. Os dados foram coletados através de entrevistas estruturadas e exames clínicos. RESULTADOS: A freqüência de escovação encontrada foi alta: (mediana e moda de três vezes ao dia e apresentou associação com sexo e categoria socioeconômica. A maioria dos entrevistados (67,5% declarou usar fio dental, estando seu uso associado com sexo e categoria socioeconômica. Usar palito foi descrito como um hábito comum para a maioria das pessoas entrevistadas:(54,6% o usam. O uso do palito apresentou associação com sexo, idade e categoria socioeconômica . O nível de placa bacteriana foi moderado para a maioria das pessoas (62,6%, e estava associado com a categoria socioeconômica. Um quarto dos participantes do estudo não apresentou sangramento gengival, e este estava associado com a idade e a categoria socioeconômica. CONCLUSÃO: Os hábitos de higiene bucal foram considerados bons para a maioria dos indivíduos que participaram do estudo, havendo necessidade de melhoria para os homens e pessoas de categoria socioeconômica inferior.

  9. [Systemic candidiasis in medical intensive care unit: analysis of risk factors and the contribution of colonization index].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Massou, S; Ahid, S; Azendour, H; Bensghir, M; Mounir, K; Iken, M; Lmimouni, B E; Balkhi, H; Drissi Kamili, N; Haimeur, C

    2013-06-01

    Description of the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the patients introducing risk factors of invasive candidiasis. Analysis of risk factors for candidiasis invasive and evaluation of the contribution of colonization index (CI) in the diagnosis of the systematic candidiasis in medical intensive care. Prospective observational study (October 2007 to October 2009). The selected patients present risk factors of system IC candidiasis with an infectious syndrome or clinical signs suggestive of Candida infection and hospitalized more than 48 hours in medical intensive care unit. Pittet's colonization index was calculated at admission and then once a week added to a blood culture. Patients were classified according to level of evidence of Candida infection and the degree of colonization (CIcandidiasis. In multivariate analysis, the corticosteroid therapy was associated with a high colonisation (IC ≥ 0.5) and neutropenia with a high risk of systemic candidiasis. The positive predictive value of CI was 26%. The negative predictive value was 98%, the sensitivity and specificity was 93% and 48% respectively. CI has the advantage to provide a quantified data of the patient's situation in relation to the colonization. But, it isn't helpful with patients having an invasive candidiasis in medical intensive care unit. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

  10. DETECTION OF ANTIBODIES TO CANDIDA ALBICANS GERM TUBE BY IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE IN IMMUNOSUPPRESSED MICE WITH EXPERIMENTAL SYSTEMIC CANDIDIASIS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    F. Zaini

    2007-07-01

    Full Text Available "nThe increasing incidence of systemic candidiasis, which parallels the use of invasive and immunosuppressive medical procedures, necessitates development of rapid and cost effective tests for diagnosis of systemic candidiasis. Therefore in this study 85 mice were first immunosuppressed by cyclophosphamide and then infected by Candida albicans NCPF 3153. Other 85 mice were employed as control. The case and control mice were bled and then autopsied. Hearts and kidneys were checked by direct, histopathological and cultural examination for systemic candidiasis. The 85 sera from histological proven cases and 85 control mice were adsorbed with heat killed blastospores of same strain of C. albicans. Anti-Candida albicans germ tube antibodies were detected by indirect immunofluorescence assay for diagnosis of invasive candidiasis in case and control mice. In addition, sera from 35 mice with proven cryptococcosis were also tested. While 84 mice with proven systemic candidiasis (100% had anti-germ tube antibodies, these antibodies were absent in all controls and mice with cryptococcosis. The specificity was 100%, indicating a high degree of discrimination was possible between systemic candidiasis and cryptococcosis in the mice studied. It must be concluded that anti-germ tube responses did not appear to be significantly reduced in immunocompromised mice.

  11. Age-related alteration of expression and function of TLRs and NK activity in oral candidiasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Oouchi, M; Hasebe, A; Hata, H; Segawa, T; Yamazaki, Y; Yoshida, Y; Kitagawa, Y; Shibata, K-I

    2015-07-01

    Roles of aging or immune responses mediated by Toll-like receptors and natural killer cell in the onset or progression of human candidiasis remain unclear. This study was designed to elucidate the roles using peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy donors and patients with oral candidiasis. Subjects tested were healthy volunteers and patients who visited Dental Clinical Division of Hokkaido University Hospital. The patients with oral candidiasis included 39 individuals (25-89 years of age) with major complaints on pain in oral mucosa and/or dysgeusia. Healthy volunteers include students (25-35 years of age) and teaching staffs (50-65 years of age) of Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine. Functions of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 were downregulated significantly and the natural killer activity was slightly, but not significantly downregulated in aged healthy volunteers compared with healthy young volunteers. Functions of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 and the natural killer activity were significantly downregulated in patients with oral candidiasis compared with healthy volunteers. Downregulation of functions of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 as well as natural killer activity is suggested to be associated with the onset or progression of oral candidiasis in human. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  12. Genetic basis for recurrent vulvo-vaginal candidiasis

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Jaeger, M.; Plantinga, T.S.; Joosten, L.A.B.; Kullberg, B.J.; Netea, M.G.

    2013-01-01

    Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a frequent disease affecting more than 75% of all women at least once in their lifetime. Up to 8% of them suffer from recurrent VVC (RVVC) characterized by at least three episodes each year. Several risk factors, such as antibiotic use, diabetes, or pregnancy, are

  13. Procalcitonin, C-reactive protein and serum lactate dehydrogenase in the diagnosis of bacterial sepsis, SIRS and systemic candidiasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Miglietta, Fabio; Faneschi, Maria Letizia; Lobreglio, Giambattista; Palumbo, Claudio; Rizzo, Adriana; Cucurachi, Marco; Portaccio, Gerolamo; Guerra, Francesco; Pizzolante, Maria

    2015-09-01

    The aim of this study was to evaluate procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), platelet count (PLT) and serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as early markers for diagnosis of SIRS, bacterial sepsis and systemic candidiasis in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Based on blood culture results, the patients were divided into a sepsis group (70 patients), a SIRS group (42 patients) and a systemic candidiasis group (33 patients). PCT, CRP, LDH and PLT levels were measured on day 0 and on day 2 from the sepsis symptom onset. PCT levels were higher in Gram negative sepsis than those in Gram positive sepsis, although the P value between the two subgroups is not significant (P=0.095). Bacterial sepsis group had higher PCT and CRP levels compared with the systemic candidiasis group, whereas PLT and LDH levels showed similar levels in these two subgroups. The AUC for PCT (AUC: 0.892, P candidiasis groups (P=0.093 N.S.). In conclusion, PCT can be used as a preliminary marker in the event of clinical suspicion of systemic candidiasis; however, low PCT levels (candidiasis and SIRS groups.

  14. Reading ability with pseudophakic monovision and with refractive multifocal intraocular lenses: comparative study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ito, Misae; Shimizu, Kimiya

    2009-09-01

    To the compare the reading ability after bilateral cataract surgery in patients who had pseudophakic monovision achieved by monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) implantation and patients who had refractive multifocal IOL implantation. Department of Ophthalmology, Kitasato University Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan. This study evaluated patients who had bilateral cataract surgery using the monovision method with monofocal IOL implantation to correct presbyopia (monovision group) or who had bilateral cataract surgery with refractive multifocal IOL implantation (multifocal group). In the monovision group, the dominant eye was corrected for distance vision and the nondominant eye for near vision. The maximum reading speed, critical character size, and reading acuity were measured binocularly without refractive correction using MNREAD-J acuity charts. The monovision group comprised 38 patients and the multifocal group, 22 patients. The mean maximum reading speed was 350.5 characters per minute (cpm) +/- 62.3 (SD) in the monovision group and 355.0 +/- 53.3 cpm in the multifocal group; the difference was not statistically significant. The mean critical character size was 0.24 +/- 0.12 logMAR and 0.40 +/- 0.16 logMAR, respectively (P<.05). The mean reading acuity was 0.05 +/- 0.12 logMAR and 0.19 +/- 0.11 logMAR, respectively (P<.01). The monovision group had better critical character size and reading acuity results. The monovision method group had better reading ability; however, careful patient selection is essential.

  15. Clinicopathologic review of 19 patients with systemic candidiasis with skin lesions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bae, Gee Young; Lee, Hae Woong; Chang, Sung Eun; Moon, Kee Chan; Lee, Mi Woo; Choi, Jee Ho; Koh, Jai Kyoung

    2005-07-01

    A diagnosis of systemic candidiasis is often delayed or missed owing to the absence of sensitive, specific, and timely diagnostic tools. Skin lesions are not common, but they can help to rapidly establish a diagnosis. We report on a 14-year experience of systemic candidiasis with skin lesions in our institution. We report the prevalence, clinical findings, histologic findings, etiologic Candida species, underlying conditions, treatment modalities, and outcomes of the cases and compare them with the previous reports. We reviewed the medical records and laboratory data of patients diagnosed with systemic candidiasis from June 1989 to September 2002 at Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. We thoroughly reviewed the data on those patients with characteristic skin lesions. We included the cases in which Candida organisms were either shown or cultured from the skin. We also included the patients who had developed the characteristic rash at the onset of infection if there was no other possible explanation for the rash. Of 53 documented systemic candidiasis cases, 19 (35.8%) had the characteristic skin lesions. Fifteen patients (78.9%) had hematologic problems and were neutropenic. The skin lesions were a maculopapular or nodular rash and plaques. In addition to the trunk and proximal extremities, the rash also involved the face and distal extremities. The rashes were mostly purpuric, not consistently associated with underlying thrombocytopenia but also associated with underlying vascular damage as a result of Candida organisms. The underlying vascular damage also caused intraepidermal necrotic and vesicular change. One case of transepidermal elimination of organisms was newly found. The most common causative species was Candida tropicalis in the 19 patients with skin lesions, in contrast with Candida albicans in a total of 53 patients. The mortality rate was 84.2%. The prevalence of systemic candidiasis-associated skin lesions may be higher than previously reported

  16. Avaliação do conhecimento popular e práticas cotidianas em saúde bucal

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Beatriz Unfer

    2000-04-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar o conhecimento popular e as práticas cotidianas em saúde bucal de usuários de serviços públicos de saúde. MÉTODOS: A população estudada foi selecionada a partir de uma amostra estratificada de usuários que procuraram atendimento nas unidades sanitárias da zona urbana de Santa Maria, RS. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semi-estruturada e organizados em conjuntos de categorias descritivas, permitindo sua distribuição em tabela de freqüência. RESULTADOS: Verificou-se que predominam usuários entre 21 e 40 anos de idade, do sexo feminino e com padrão socioeconômico baixo. A busca pela saúde e o controle das doenças bucais são atribuídos à responsabilidade individual de realizar a higiene bucal e procurar tratamento dentário. A presença e os benefícios do flúor no creme dental e na água de beber não foram reconhecidos pela população estudada. CONCLUSÕES: Os programas de saúde devem considerar os aspectos relativos ao conhecimento e as práticas em saúde bucal, para viabilizar o processo de capacitação da população e promover a responsabilização coletiva da promoção da saúde em todos os níveis da sociedade.

  17. Antifungal prescribing pattern and attitude towards the treatment of oral candidiasis among dentists in Jordan.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Al-Shayyab, Mohammad H; Abu-Hammad, Osama A; Al-Omiri, Mahmoud K; Dar-Odeh, Najla S

    2015-08-01

    The aim of this study was to evaluate the attitude of Jordanian dentists towards the treatment of oral candidiasis and their current antifungal prescribing habits, shedding more light on the possible influence of their socio-professional factors on the pattern of prescribing and practice. A structured validated questionnaire was developed and tested; it was then emailed to a random sample of 600 Jordanian dental practitioners during the period of this cross-sectional survey. The questionnaire recorded practitioners' personal details and their attitude and prescribing of antifungal therapy for oral candidiasis. Statistical significance was based on probability values of oral candidiasis. Of the 423 questionnaires returned, only 330 were included. The attitude of respondents was significantly influenced by their experience [odds ratio (OR) = 0.14; P oral candidiasis is much better among the least-experienced dentists working in private practice. Nystatin and miconazole are the most popular choices of antifungal agents among Jordanian dentists. © 2015 FDI World Dental Federation.

  18. Oral candidiasis as a clinical marker of highly active antiretroviral treatment failure in HIV-infected patients

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sandra Lopez-Verdin

    Full Text Available Introduction: Oral candidiasis is an opportunistic infection that is readily detectable in the clinic. It has been used to assess the immune status of HIV patients as well as the effectiveness of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Objective: To determine the frequency of oral candidiasis infection among various indicators associated with antiretroviral therapy effectiveness. Material and methods: Cross-sectional and analytical study, in which groups were initially created based on the use or not of antiretroviral therapy. Participants were subjected to questions on factors related to Candida infection, salivary flow measurements and a clinical examination of the oral cavity to determine the frequency of candidiasis Results: The difference in the frequency of oral candidiasis between groups with and without antiretroviral therapy was significant (OR 2.6 IC95% 1.5-4.4. There were also a significant association with decreased number of CD4 lymphocytes.. Discussion: Resistance to anti-retroviral therapy constitutes one of the fundamental barriers to a successful treatment in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus, as do toxicities and adherence problems. Clinical markers such oral candidiasis is an easily and accesible parameter for the early detection of treatment failure.

  19. Tele-educação e monitoria ativa no ensino da saúde bucal a estudantes de medicina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ednalva de Sousa Eskenazi

    Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Verificar o nível de conhecimento basal de alunos do quinto ano de Medicina sobre saúde bucal e mensurar os ganhos em conhecimento e a habilidade de aconselhamento após treinamento. MÉTODOS: Cento e quarenta e oito alunos, divididos em quatro turmas - 2007-A (grupo controle, 2007-B, 2008-A e 2008-B - receberam intervenções progressivas de ensino, presenciais (em 2007 e a distância (em 2008. A turma 2008-B recebeu também contatos ativos com especialista em saúde bucal. O ganho em conhecimento foi medido por provas escritas aplicadas antes e depois da respectiva intervenção, e a habilidade em aconselhar foi avaliada por meio do exame clínico objetivo estruturado por estações (Osce. RESULTADOS: Noventa e um por cento dos alunos acharam inadequado o seu nível basal de conhecimento em promoção da saúde bucal. O ganho de conhecimento das turmas 2008-A e 2008-B foi progressivo e estatisticamente superior ao do grupo controle, assim como ocorreu com a habilidade de aconselhamento da turma 2008-B. CONCLUSÃO: As informações obtidas no presente estudo podem ser úteis para o desenvolvimento de estratégias de ensino interdisciplinar em áreas complementares da formação médica.

  20. Multifocal tenosynovial giant cell tumors in a child with Noonan syndrome

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Meyers, Arthur B. [Children' s Hospital of Wisconsin, Department of Radiology, Milwaukee, WI (United States); Nemours Children' s Health System/Nemours Children' s Hospital, Department of Radiology, Orlando, FL (United States); Awomolo, Agboola O. [Children' s Hospital of Wisconsin, Department of Radiology, Milwaukee, WI (United States); Szabo, Sara [Medical College of Wisconsin and Children' s Hospital of Wisconsin, Department of Pathology, Milwaukee, WI (United States); Cincinnati Children' s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cincinnati, OH (United States)

    2017-03-15

    Noonan syndrome is a genetic disorder with variable expression of distinctive facial features, webbed neck, chest deformity, short stature, cryptorchidism and congenital heart disease. The association of Noonan syndrome and giant cell granulomas of the mandible is widely reported. However, Noonan syndrome may also be associated with single or multifocal tenosynovial giant cell tumors, also referred to as pigmented villonodular synovitis. We report a child with Noonan syndrome, giant cell granulomas of the mandible and synovial and tenosynovial giant cell tumors involving multiple joints and tendon sheaths who was initially misdiagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. It is important for radiologists to be aware of the association of Noonan syndrome and multifocal giant cell lesions, which can range from the more commonly described giant cell granulomas of the mandible to isolated or multifocal intra- or extra-articular tenosynovial giant cell tumors or a combination of all of these lesions. (orig.)

  1. Multifocal tenosynovial giant cell tumors in a child with Noonan syndrome.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Meyers, Arthur B; Awomolo, Agboola O; Szabo, Sara

    2017-03-01

    Noonan syndrome is a genetic disorder with variable expression of distinctive facial features, webbed neck, chest deformity, short stature, cryptorchidism and congenital heart disease. The association of Noonan syndrome and giant cell granulomas of the mandible is widely reported. However, Noonan syndrome may also be associated with single or multifocal tenosynovial giant cell tumors, also referred to as pigmented villonodular synovitis. We report a child with Noonan syndrome, giant cell granulomas of the mandible and synovial and tenosynovial giant cell tumors involving multiple joints and tendon sheaths who was initially misdiagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. It is important for radiologists to be aware of the association of Noonan syndrome and multifocal giant cell lesions, which can range from the more commonly described giant cell granulomas of the mandible to isolated or multifocal intra- or extra-articular tenosynovial giant cell tumors or a combination of all of these lesions.

  2. Multifocal tenosynovial giant cell tumors in a child with Noonan syndrome

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Meyers, Arthur B.; Awomolo, Agboola O.; Szabo, Sara

    2017-01-01

    Noonan syndrome is a genetic disorder with variable expression of distinctive facial features, webbed neck, chest deformity, short stature, cryptorchidism and congenital heart disease. The association of Noonan syndrome and giant cell granulomas of the mandible is widely reported. However, Noonan syndrome may also be associated with single or multifocal tenosynovial giant cell tumors, also referred to as pigmented villonodular synovitis. We report a child with Noonan syndrome, giant cell granulomas of the mandible and synovial and tenosynovial giant cell tumors involving multiple joints and tendon sheaths who was initially misdiagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. It is important for radiologists to be aware of the association of Noonan syndrome and multifocal giant cell lesions, which can range from the more commonly described giant cell granulomas of the mandible to isolated or multifocal intra- or extra-articular tenosynovial giant cell tumors or a combination of all of these lesions. (orig.)

  3. Prospective observational multicenter study to define a diagnostic algorithm for biliary candidiasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lenz, Philipp; Eckelskemper, Franziska; Erichsen, Thomas; Lankisch, Tim; Dechêne, Alexander; Lubritz, Gabriele; Lenze, Frank; Beyna, Torsten; Ullerich, Hansjörg; Schmedt, Andre; Domagk, Dirk

    2014-09-14

    To develop an algorithm to improve the diagnosis and treatment of patients with biliary candidiasis. We performed a prospective study of 127 patients who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, for various biliary disorders, at 3 tertiary referral centers in Germany from July 2011 through July 2012 (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01109550). Bile, buccal, and stool samples were collected. When indicated, endoscopic transpapillary bile duct biopsies were performed to clarify the etiology of bile duct strictures and to prove invasive fungal infections. Candida species were detected in 38 of the 127 bile samples (29.9%). By multivariate analysis patients' age and previous endoscopic sphincterotomy were independent risk factors for biliary candidiasis (P 7 d) (P = 0.089) tend to be at risk for biliary candidiasis. One patient was negative in mycological culture of bile fluid but invasive biliary candidiasis was diagnosed histologically. Of Candida subspecies detected, 36.7% were azole-resistant, such as C glabrata. Eight patients received anti-mycotic therapy, based on our algorithm. Of these, 3 had cancer with biliary tract involvement, 2 had secondary sclerosing cholangitis, 1 had retroperitoneal fibrosis, and 5 had septicemia. In all patients contamination was ruled out by smears of the endoscope channel. Gastroenterologists should be aware of frequent candida colonization in patients with cholangitis and biliary disorders. Our suggested algorithm facilitates the further clinical management.

  4. Prospective observational multicenter study to define a diagnostic algorithm for biliary candidiasis

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lenz, Philipp; Eckelskemper, Franziska; Erichsen, Thomas; Lankisch, Tim; Dechêne, Alexander; Lubritz, Gabriele; Lenze, Frank; Beyna, Torsten; Ullerich, Hansjörg; Schmedt, Andre; Domagk, Dirk

    2014-01-01

    AIM: To develop an algorithm to improve the diagnosis and treatment of patients with biliary candidiasis. METHODS: We performed a prospective study of 127 patients who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, for various biliary disorders, at 3 tertiary referral centers in Germany from July 2011 through July 2012 (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01109550). Bile, buccal, and stool samples were collected. When indicated, endoscopic transpapillary bile duct biopsies were performed to clarify the etiology of bile duct strictures and to prove invasive fungal infections. RESULTS: Candida species were detected in 38 of the 127 bile samples (29.9%). By multivariate analysis patients’ age and previous endoscopic sphincterotomy were independent risk factors for biliary candidiasis (P 7 d) (P = 0.089) tend to be at risk for biliary candidiasis. One patient was negative in mycological culture of bile fluid but invasive biliary candidiasis was diagnosed histologically. Of Candida subspecies detected, 36.7% were azole-resistant, such as C glabrata. Eight patients received anti-mycotic therapy, based on our algorithm. Of these, 3 had cancer with biliary tract involvement, 2 had secondary sclerosing cholangitis, 1 had retroperitoneal fibrosis, and 5 had septicemia. In all patients contamination was ruled out by smears of the endoscope channel. CONCLUSION: Gastroenterologists should be aware of frequent candida colonization in patients with cholangitis and biliary disorders. Our suggested algorithm facilitates the further clinical management. PMID:25232260

  5. Multifocal chronic osteomyelitis of unknown etiology

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kozlowski, K.; Masel, J.; Harbison, S.; Yu, J.; Royal Brisbane Children Hospital; Regional Hospital Bowral

    1983-01-01

    Five cases of chronic, inflammatory, multifocal bone lesions of unknown etiology are reported. Although bone biopsy confirmed osteomyelitis in each case in none of them were organisms found inspite of an extensive work up. Different clinical course of the disease reflects different aetiology in respective cases. These cases present changing aspects of osteomyelitis emerging since introduction of antibiotics. (orig.)

  6. Chemokine receptor Ccr1 drives neutrophil-mediated kidney immunopathology and mortality in invasive candidiasis.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Michail S Lionakis

    Full Text Available Invasive candidiasis is the 4(th leading cause of nosocomial bloodstream infection in the US with mortality that exceeds 40% despite administration of antifungal therapy; neutropenia is a major risk factor for poor outcome after invasive candidiasis. In a fatal mouse model of invasive candidiasis that mimics human bloodstream-derived invasive candidiasis, the most highly infected organ is the kidney and neutrophils are the major cellular mediators of host defense; however, factors regulating neutrophil recruitment have not been previously defined. Here we show that mice lacking chemokine receptor Ccr1, which is widely expressed on leukocytes, had selectively impaired accumulation of neutrophils in the kidney limited to the late phase of the time course of the model; surprisingly, this was associated with improved renal function and survival without affecting tissue fungal burden. Consistent with this, neutrophils from wild-type mice in blood and kidney switched from Ccr1(lo to Ccr1(high at late time-points post-infection, when Ccr1 ligands were produced at high levels in the kidney and were chemotactic for kidney neutrophils ex vivo. Further, when a 1∶1 mixture of Ccr1(+/+ and Ccr1(-/- donor neutrophils was adoptively transferred intravenously into Candida-infected Ccr1(+/+ recipient mice, neutrophil trafficking into the kidney was significantly skewed toward Ccr1(+/+ cells. Thus, neutrophil Ccr1 amplifies late renal immunopathology and increases mortality in invasive candidiasis by mediating excessive recruitment of neutrophils from the blood to the target organ.

  7. Músicos de viento: afecciones bucales asociadas a instrumentos musicales de viento

    OpenAIRE

    Mendes, Claudia Andrea; Fernández, Rocío; Gamino, Adriana; Quevedo, José; Dorati, Pablo Javier; De Vicente, Cecilia; Felipe, Pablo; Barilaro, Hilda Liliana; Canale, Luis; Sirimarco, Karina; González, Stella; Rimoldi, Marta Lidia

    2017-01-01

    Los instrumentos de viento son un elemento extraño en la boca que pueden producir a corto o largo plazo alteraciones orofaciales: apiñamiento, desgastes incisales, hipertonía muscular, maloclusión dental, problemas periodontales, entre otras. El objetivo de este proyecto, surge, en la necesidad de realizar estudios clínicos que nos permitan obtener evidencias de la naturaleza de la relación entre los instrumentos de viento y la cavidad bucal para posteriormente poder optimizar los posibles tr...

  8. Elimination of oral candidiasis may increase stimulated whole salivary flow rate.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ohga, Noritaka; Yamazaki, Yutaka; Sato, Jun; Asaka, Takuya; Morimoto, Masahiro; Hata, Hironobu; Satoh, Chiharu; Kitagawa, Yoshimasa

    2016-11-01

    Candida infections are frequently encountered fungal infections in the oral mucosa. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of eliminating Candida spp. on stimulated whole salivary flow rate (SWS) in patients with oral candidiasis. This study involved 66 patients with oral candidiasis. Fifty-two consecutive patients, successfully treated by antifungal therapy, were available to examine the effect of elimination of oral Candida spp. on SWS (success group); the 14 patients who tested positive for Candida after therapy were retrospectively included (control group). SWS were used to measure saliva production. Moreover, tongue pain and xerostomia were evaluated using visual analog score (VAS). By eliminating oral Candida spp., SWS significantly increased in the success group after antifungal therapy [SWS: mean value 0.89±0.51ml/min (median 0.82ml/min: 0.15-2.14) to mean value 1.16±0.58ml/min (median 1.05ml/min: 0.2-2.93), Poral Candida spp. in patients with oral candidiasis. Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

  9. A randomized clinical trial of chlorhexidine in the maintenance of oral candidiasis-free period in HIV infection

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nittayananta, W; DeRouen, TA; Arirachakaran, P; Laothumthut, T; Pangsomboon, K; Petsantad, S; Vuddhakul, V; Sriplung, H; Jaruratanasirikul, S; Martin, MD

    2011-01-01

    OBJECTIVE To determine if chlorhexidine can be used as an intervention to prolong the time to relapse of oral candidiasis. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A double-blinded randomized clinical trial was performed in 75 HIV/AIDS subjects with oral candidiasis. Clotrimazole troche was prescribed, and the subjects were re-examined every 2 weeks until the lesions were completely eradicated. The subjects were then randomly divided into two groups; 0.12% chlorhexidine (n = 37, aged 22–52 years, mean 34 years) and 0.9% normal saline (n = 38, aged 22–55 years, mean 38 years). They were re-examined every 2 weeks until the next episode was observed. RESULTS The time to recurrence of oral candidiasis between the chlorhexidine and the saline group was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The following variables were significantly associated with the time of recurrence; frequency of antifungal therapy (P = 0.011), total lymphocyte (P = 0.017), alcohol consumption (P = 0.043), and candidiasis on gingiva (P = 0.048). The subjects with lower lymphocyte showed shorter oral candidiasis-free periods (P = 0.034). CONCLUSIONS Chlorhexidine showed a small but not statistically significant effect in maintenance of oral candidiasis-free period. This lack of significance may be due to the small sample size. Further study should be performed to better assess the size of the effect, or to confirm our findings. PMID:18627504

  10. External Validation of Risk Prediction Scores for Invasive Candidiasis in a Medical/Surgical Intensive Care Unit: An Observational Study

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ahmed, Armin; Baronia, Arvind Kumar; Azim, Afzal; Marak, Rungmei S. K.; Yadav, Reema; Sharma, Preeti; Gurjar, Mohan; Poddar, Banani; Singh, Ratender Kumar

    2017-01-01

    Background: The aim of this study was to conduct external validation of risk prediction scores for invasive candidiasis. Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study in a 12-bedded adult medical/surgical Intensive Care Unit (ICU) to evaluate Candida score >3, colonization index (CI) >0.5, corrected CI >0.4 (CCI), and Ostrosky's clinical prediction rule (CPR). Patients' characteristics and risk factors for invasive candidiasis were noted. Patients were divided into two groups; invasive candidiasis and no-invasive candidiasis. Results: Of 198 patients, 17 developed invasive candidiasis. Discriminatory power (area under receiver operator curve [AUROC]) for Candida score, CI, CCI, and CPR were 0.66, 0.67, 0.63, and 0.62, respectively. A large number of patients in the no-invasive candidiasis group (114 out of 181) were exposed to antifungal agents during their stay in ICU. Subgroup analysis was carried out after excluding such patients from no-invasive candidiasis group. AUROC of Candida score, CI, CCI, and CPR were 0.7, 0.7, 0.65, and 0.72, respectively, and positive predictive values (PPVs) were in the range of 25%–47%, along with negative predictive values (NPVs) in the range of 84%–96% in the subgroup analysis. Conclusion: Currently available risk prediction scores have good NPV but poor PPV. They are useful for selecting patients who are not likely to benefit from antifungal therapy. PMID:28904481

  11. Treatment of vaginal candidiasis for the prevention of preterm birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Roberts, Christine L; Algert, Charles S; Rickard, Kristen L; Morris, Jonathan M

    2015-03-21

    Recognition that ascending infection leads to preterm birth has led to a number of studies that have evaluated the treatment of vaginal infections in pregnancy to reduce preterm birth rates. However, the role of candidiasis is relatively unexplored. Our aim was to undertake a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess whether treatment of pregnant women with vulvovaginal candidiasis reduces preterm birth rates and other adverse birth outcomes. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of published randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in which pregnant women were treated for vulvovaginal candidiasis (compared to placebo or no treatment) and where preterm birth was reported as an outcome. Trials were identified by searching the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline and Embase databases to January 2014. Trial eligibility and outcomes were pre-specified. Two reviewers independently assessed the studies against the agreed criteria and extracted relevant data using a standard data extraction form. Meta-analysis was used to calculate pooled rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using a fixed-effects model. There were two eligible RCTs both among women with asymptomatic candidiasis, with a total of 685 women randomised. Both trials compared treatment with usual care (no screening for, or treatment of, asymptomatic candidiasis). Data from one trial involved a post-hoc subgroup analysis (n = 586) of a larger trial of treatment of 4,429 women with asymptomatic infections in pregnancy and the other was a pilot study (n = 99). There was a significant reduction in spontaneous preterm births in treated compared with untreated women (meta-analysis RR = 0.36, 95% CI = 0.17 to 0.75). Other outcomes were reported by one or neither trial. This systematic review found two trials comparing the treatment of asymptomatic vaginal candidiasis in pregnancy for the outcome of preterm birth. Although the effect estimate suggests that

  12. Green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles as a therapeutic tool to combat candidiasis

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rathod, Tejas; Padalia, Hemali; Chanda, Sumitra

    2017-05-01

    Advancement of modern medicine, the increasing ratio of immunocompromised and immunosuppressive individuals is increased in hospitalized with serious underlying disease. This has resulted in a rise in the incidence of fungal infections, especially those due to Candida species. For many years the conventional antibiotic therapy has been critical in the fight against Candidiasis. Candidiasis is a fungal infection due to various types of Candida (yeast) species. In this study, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) were synthesized using the Cinnamomum verum bark plus Cassia auriculata leaf powder extracts. The characterization of synthesized ZnONPs was done by UV-Vis spectrophotometer and SEM analysis. The average size of nanoparticles was 77 nm. Synergistic anticandidal activity of ZnONPs (ZnONPs plus antibiotics) was determined by disc diffusion method against 16 multidrug resistant clinical pathogens of Candida species. Antibiotic Ketoconazole plus ZnONPs showed best synergistic anticandidal activity against all the 16 isolates. Green synthesized ZnONPs appears to be a new promising approach to fight against Candidiasis.

  13. Oesophageal candidiasis in an immunocompetent adult, an adverse ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Dysphagia following cardiac surgery is a frequently encountered problem, being most commonly due to the sternotomy incision and/or prolonged intubation. Oesophageal candidiasis is an increasing problem that is usually associated with immunosuppression or immunodeficiency. We report a 59 years age, ...

  14. Prevalence of Vaginal Candidiasis among Pregnant Women with ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    BACKGROUND: Pregnancy represents a risk factor in the occurrence of vaginal candidiasis. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence and clinical features associated with abnormal vaginal discharge and C. albicans infection in pregnant women. METHODS: High vaginal swab samples and data on epidemiological ...

  15. Candidiasis in HIV and AIDS Patients Attending the Nylon Health District Hospital in Douala, Cameroon

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Anna Longdoh Njunda

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available AIM: Candidiasis is the leading opportunistic mycosis in HIV and AIDS patients. METHOD: In order to determine its prevalence in patients with different CD4+ T cell categories in the Nylon Health District in Douala, a cross-sectional study was carried out whereby 304 HIV positive individuals were recruited between March and August, 2007. They were divided into two groups; those on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART and those not on HAART. Three samples constituting mouth, vaginal/urethral swabs and urine were collected from each subject. RESULTS: A total of 204 (67.1% [95% confidence interval (CI: 0.618-0.724] of these patients had more than one predisposing condition to candidiasis, with those on antibiotic therapy having the highest prevalence (63.7% followed by pregnant patients (7.3% (P < 0.05. Candidiasis was more common in patients with low CD4+ T cell count (<200 [66%] than patients with higher CD4+ T cell count (17.9% (P<0.05. One hundred and sixty one (53% of the patients had candidiasis whereby those not on HAART were more frequently infected (69.6% than those on HAART (30.1% (P< 0.05. CONCLUSION: We conclude that candidiasis is a major opportunistic infection in HIV patients and should be checked especially in patients not yet on antiretroviral therapy. [TAF Prev Med Bull 2011; 10(6.000: 701-706

  16. A circular multifocal collimator for 3D SPECT imaging

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Guillemaud, R.; Grangeat, P.

    1993-01-01

    In order to improve sensitivity of 3D Single Photon Emission Tomography (SPECT) image, a cone-beam collimator can be used. A new circular multifocal collimator is proposed. The multiple focal points are distributed on a transaxial circle which is the trajectory of the focal points during the circular acquisition. This distribution provides a strong focusing at the center of the detector like a cone-beam collimator, with a good sensitivity, and a weak transaxial focusing at the periphery. A solution for an analytical multifocal reconstruction algorithm has been derived. Grangeat algorithm is proposed to use for this purpose in order to reconstruct with a good sensitivity the region of interest. (R.P.) 3 refs

  17. Multifocal epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the phalanges of the hand

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bruegel, Melanie; Waldt, Simone; Woertler, Klaus; Rummeny, Ernst J.; Weirich, Gregor

    2006-01-01

    Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EH) of bone is a rare vascular neoplasm characterized by epithelioid endothelial cells and a variable biologic behaviour. The principal sites of occurrence of this osteolytic tumor are the lower extremity and the axial skeleton. Approximately half of the cases present with multifocal disease. The latter feature can be helpful in suggesting the diagnosis of a vascular tumor; on the other hand, it strengthens the need for a skeletal survey or whole-body MRI/CT. We report on the clinical, histologic and radiologic features - including CT and MRI findings - of EH in a case of multifocal disease of the phalanges of the hand, a very uncommon anatomic site of affliction. (orig.)

  18. Efeito da catuama® na sintomatologia da síndrome da ardência bucal: ensaio clínico, randomizado, duplo-cego, placebo-controlado

    OpenAIRE

    Spanemberg, Juliana Cassol

    2011-01-01

    A síndrome da ardência bucal (SAB) é uma doença de etiopatogenia desconhecida, caracterizada pela sensação de queimação e ardência na mucosa bucal, que se apresenta clinicamente normal. Fármacos antidepressivos, benzodiazepínicos e antipsicóticos são as opções terapêuticas mais utilizadas no tratamento da SAB. Estudos têm demonstrado que o fitoterápico Catuama® , composto por quatro extratos de plantas medicinais (Paullinia cupana, Trichilia catigua, Zingiber officinalis e Ptychopetalum olaco...

  19. Research advances on multifocal electroretinogram in primary open angle glaucoma

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Feng-Fei Mo

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available Primary open angle glaucoma is a chronic and progressive optic neuropathy. It can lead to serious damage of visual impairment, and it is an important eye disease of blindness. Multifocal electroretinogram is a new way to measure visual electrophysiology. It can measure electroretinogram of the whole visual field of many small parts in a relatively short period of time, and it can reflect the function of regional retina. It has an extremely important value for early diagnosis of primary open angle glaucoma. The research advances on multifocal electroretinogram in diagnosing primary open angle glaucoma were summarized in this paper.

  20. Multifocal fibrosclerosis: a new case report and review of the literature

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Oguz, Kader Karli; Oguz, Oguzhan; Cila, Aysenur; Oto, Aytekin [Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara (Turkey); Kiratli, Hayyam [Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara (Turkey); Gokoz, Aytac [Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara (Turkey)

    2002-05-01

    A case of multifocal fibrosclerosis is presented with MR images. Bilateral sclerosing orbital pseudotumor invading cavernous sinuses were the presenting disorder. Magnetic resonance imaging showed involvement of paranasal sinuses bilaterally and multiple supratentorial dural masses. Retroperitoneal fibrosis was associated with the condition. Multifocal involvement should be considered in patients with sclerosing orbital pseudotumor and an imaging approach should be performed on the appropriate clinical condition to document possible coexistence of other disorders including retroperitoneal fibrosis, mediastinal fibrosis, sclerosing cholangitis, and Riedel's thyroiditis (orig.)

  1. Control de higiene bucal en pacientes geriátricos portadores de sobredentaduras

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gema Lauzardo García del Prado

    2002-12-01

    Full Text Available Debido a la importancia de establecer medidas preventivas de higiene bucal que beneficien a los pacientes de la tercera edad, nos propusimos como objetivo en nuestro trabajo determinar la influencia de la higiene bucal controlada en pacientes geriátricos portadores de sobredentaduras. Nuestro universo estuvo constituido por 20 pacientes de ambos sexos mayores de 60 años, portadores de prótesis parcial removible desde hace 1 año, que acudieron a nuestro servicio para recibir tratamientos rehabilitadores debidamente avalados por historias clínicas que constan en el archivo de la Facultad de Estomatología de ISCM de La Habana. Dichos pacientes estaban en plenas facultades mentales y físicas en correspondencia con su edad.Due to the importance of taking oral hygiene preventive measures to benefit the elderly, we proposed ourselves as an objective to determine the influence of controlled oral hygiene in geriatric patients wearing overdentures. Our universe was composed of 20 patients aged 60 of both sexes, who had been wearing removable partial denture for a year and received rehabilitating treatment in our service, endorsed by their medical histories, which are in the archive of the Dental Faculty of the Higher Institute of Medical Sciences of Havana City. These patients were in full mental and physical capacity according to their age.

  2. prevalence and risk factors for vaginal candidiasis among women

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    hi-tech

    2005-03-01

    Mar 1, 2005 ... Conculsion: The high prevalence of vaginal candidiasis among women with genital infections ... complaints of either abnormal vaginal discharge, lower abdominal or pelvic ..... is in keeping with the reports in literature (8). The.

  3. Multifocality as a prognostic factor in breast cancer patients registered in Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group (DBCG) 1996-2001

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Joergensen, L.E.; Gunnarsdottir, K.A.; Lanng, C.

    2008-01-01

    The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic influence of multifocality in breast cancer patients. In a cohort of 7196 patients there were 945 patients with multifocality. We found no prognostic influence of multifocality on overall survival when controlling for known prognostic......, Gunnarsdottir KA, Rasmussen BB, Moeller S, Lanng C. The prognostic influence of multifocality in breast cancer patients. Breast 2004;13:188-193]....... factors. We found a small but significant influence on disease-free survival (HR=1.16 [1.03-1.31]) and a strong correlation between multifocality and known prognostic factors. This was in accordance with an earlier study done on a smaller population and in a different period of time [Pedersen L...

  4. MULTIFOCAL RETINAL INFILTRATES WITH PHLEBITIS AND OPTIC NEUROPATHY IN AN HIV-POSITIVE PEDIATRIC PATIENT.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kasi, Sundeep K; Vora, Robin A; Martin, Taliva; Cunningham, Emmett T

    2015-01-01

    To describe an unusual presentation of bilateral HIV-associated multifocal retinal infiltrates with phlebitis and optic neuropathy in a pediatric patient from Zimbabwe, Africa. Retrospective case report of a 15-year-old boy from Zimbabwe, Africa. The patient was found to have bilateral vitritis, multifocal retinitis with phlebitis, and optic neuropathy in the setting of previously unrecognized HIV infection. Vision improved and the clinical findings resolved after treatment with intravenous corticosteroids and highly active retroviral therapy (HAART). The authors describe the occurrence and treatment of bilateral, HIV-associated multifocal retinal infiltrates with phlebitis and HIV-associated optic neuropathy in a pediatric patient from Zimbabwe, Africa.

  5. Chemokine Receptor Ccr1 Drives Neutrophil-Mediated Kidney Immunopathology and Mortality in Invasive Candidiasis

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lionakis, Michail S.; Swamydas, Muthulekha; Wan, Wuzhou; Richard Lee, Chyi-Chia; Cohen, Jeffrey I.; Scheinberg, Phillip; Gao, Ji-Liang; Murphy, Philip M.

    2012-01-01

    Invasive candidiasis is the 4th leading cause of nosocomial bloodstream infection in the US with mortality that exceeds 40% despite administration of antifungal therapy; neutropenia is a major risk factor for poor outcome after invasive candidiasis. In a fatal mouse model of invasive candidiasis that mimics human bloodstream-derived invasive candidiasis, the most highly infected organ is the kidney and neutrophils are the major cellular mediators of host defense; however, factors regulating neutrophil recruitment have not been previously defined. Here we show that mice lacking chemokine receptor Ccr1, which is widely expressed on leukocytes, had selectively impaired accumulation of neutrophils in the kidney limited to the late phase of the time course of the model; surprisingly, this was associated with improved renal function and survival without affecting tissue fungal burden. Consistent with this, neutrophils from wild-type mice in blood and kidney switched from Ccr1lo to Ccr1high at late time-points post-infection, when Ccr1 ligands were produced at high levels in the kidney and were chemotactic for kidney neutrophils ex vivo. Further, when a 1∶1 mixture of Ccr1+/+ and Ccr1−/− donor neutrophils was adoptively transferred intravenously into Candida-infected Ccr1+/+ recipient mice, neutrophil trafficking into the kidney was significantly skewed toward Ccr1+/+ cells. Thus, neutrophil Ccr1 amplifies late renal immunopathology and increases mortality in invasive candidiasis by mediating excessive recruitment of neutrophils from the blood to the target organ. PMID:22916017

  6. Prevention of Oral Candidiasis After Free Flap Surgery: Role of 3% Sodium Bicarbonate Saline in Oral Care.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yang, Yue; Zhang, Fang; Lyu, Xin; Yan, Zhimin; Hua, Hong; Peng, Xin

    2017-03-01

    Relevant reports about oral candidiasis status and prevention measures after free flap surgery for the oral and maxillofacial region are limited. The present study explored oral candidiasis status after free flap surgery and its prevention through a prospective comparative study. One hundred four patients were randomized to a control group (n = 54) and an experimental group (n = 50). Compared with the control group, the experimental group was provided an additional 3% sodium bicarbonate saline solution for oral care after free flap surgery. The incidence of oral candidiasis was evaluated by objective examination (saliva culture and salivary pH measurement) and subjective evaluation (clinical signs of oral candidiasis) at admission and from postoperative days 1 to 14. The salivary pH values of the 2 groups were lower than the normal salivary pH, and postoperative salivary pH values were always lower than the active range of oral lysozymes in the control group. The salivary pH values of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group from postoperative days 6 to 14 (P < .05). The incidence of oral candidiasis was 13.0% in the control group, which was higher than that in the experimental group (2.0%; P < .05). In addition, advanced age, use of a free flap for the simultaneous repair of intraoral and paraoral defects, and a combination of 2 antibiotic types were risk factors for oral candidiasis. Oral candidiasis was common in patients after free flap reconstruction surgery, and the use of 3% sodium bicarbonate saline solution for oral care effectively prevented it. Copyright © 2016 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  7. Long-Term Visual Prognosis of Peripheral Multifocal Chorioretinitis

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Ossewaarde-van Norel, J; ten Dam-van Loon, NH; de Boer, JH; Rothova, A.

    2015-01-01

    Purpose To report on the clinical manifestations, complications, and long-term visual prognosis of patients with peripheral multifocal chorioretinitis and to search for predictors for a lower visual outcome. Design Retrospective consecutive observational case series. Methods setting: Institutional.

  8. Nosocomial Candidiasis: Antifungal Stewardship and the Importance of Rapid Diagnosis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pfaller, Michael A; Castanheira, Mariana

    2016-01-01

    Candidemia and other forms of candidiasis are associated with considerable excess mortality and costs. Despite the addition of several new antifungal agents with improved spectrum and potency, the frequency of Candida infection and associated mortality have not decreased in the past two decades. The lack of rapid and sensitive diagnostic tests has led to considerable overuse of antifungal agents resulting in increased costs, selection pressure for resistance, unnecessary drug toxicity, and adverse drug interactions. Both the lack of timely diagnostic tests and emergence of antifungal resistance pose considerable problems for antifungal stewardship. Whereas antifungal stewardship with a focus on nosocomial candidiasis should be able to improve the administration of antifungal therapy in terms of drug selection, proper dose and duration, source control and de-escalation therapy, an important parameter, timeliness of antifungal therapy, remains a victim of slow and insensitive diagnostic tests. Fortunately, new proteomic and molecular diagnostic tools are improving the time to species identification and detection. In this review we will describe the potential impact that rapid diagnostic testing and antifungal stewardship can have on the management of nosocomial candidiasis. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The International Society for Human and Animal Mycology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

  9. Endogenous or exogenous origin of vaginal candidiasis in Polish women?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mnichowska-Polanowskai, Magdalena; Wojciechowska-Koszko, Iwona; Klimowicz, Bogumia; Szymaniak, Ludmia; Krasnodebska-Szponder, Barbara; Szych, Zbigniew; Giedrys-Kalemba, Stefania

    2013-01-01

    Vaginal candidiasis is a common problem of clinical practice. Many studies have been conducted to explain its origin but only a few have included Polish women. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and similarity of oral, anal and vaginal Candida albicans strains isolated from Polish women with vaginal candidiasis. The study involved 20 from 37 recruited women. Swab samples were collected from their vagina, anus, and oral cavity at two-month intervals. All the women were treated with nystatin. Yeast were recovered and identified by the germ-tube test, API /Vitek system, typed by API ZYM and RAPD-PCR. Chi-square test was used to analyze the data. A total of 170 Candida albicans isolates were recovered from 180 samples collected 3 times from 3 sites of 20 women. Positive yeast vaginal cultures were found in all patients before administration of nystatin. Vaginal yeast recovery rate was decreased statistically significant in both follow-up visits (p= 0.001; p= 0.003). The same and different genotypes/biotypes were found concomitantly in a few body sites and/ or repeatedly at time interval from the same body site. The results support the concept of dynamic exchange of yeast within one woman and endogenous or exogenous origin of vaginal candidiasis.

  10. Treatment of Oral Candidiasis Using Photodithazine®- Mediated Photodynamic Therapy In Vivo.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Carmello, Juliana Cabrini; Alves, Fernanda; G Basso, Fernanda; de Souza Costa, Carlos Alberto; Bagnato, Vanderlei Salvador; Mima, Ewerton Garcia de Oliveira; Pavarina, Ana Cláudia

    2016-01-01

    This study evaluated the effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in the treatment of oral candidiasis in a murine model using Photodithazine® (PDZ). This model of oral candidiasis was developed to allow the monitoring of the infection and the establishment of the aPDT treatment. Six-week-old female mice were immunosuppressed and inoculated with C. albicans to induce oral candidiasis. PDZ-mediated aPDT and nystatin treatment were carried out for 5 consecutive days with one application per day. The macroscopic evaluation of oral lesions was performed. After each treatment, the tongue was swabbed to recover C. albicans cells. Viable colonies were quantified and the number of CFU/ml determined. The animals were sacrificed 24 hours and 7 days after treatment and the tongues were surgically removed for histological analysis and analysis of inflammatory cytokines expression (IL-1, TNF-α and IL-6) by RT-qPCR. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA. PDZ-mediated aPDT was as effective as Nystatin (NYS group) in the inactivation of C. albicans, reducing 3 and 3.2 logs10 respectively, 24 h after treatment (poral lesions, while animals treated with NYS presented partial remission of oral lesions in both periods assessed. Histological evaluation revealed mild inflammatory infiltrate in the groups treated with aPDT and NYS in both periods assessed. The aPDT induced the TNF-α expression when compared with the control (P-L-) (poral candidiasis.

  11. A Rare Case of Multifocal Prostatic Blue Nevus

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elias J. Farran

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available Prostatic blue nevus is a rare benign pathologic diagnosis most commonly diagnosed incidentally on many different types of prostate specimens. Blue nevus is the deposition of stromal melanin characterized by spindle cells within the fibromuscular stroma which stains positive for melanin-specific stains Fontana-Masson and S100 and stains negative for CD68, HMB45, and iron stains. We report the case of a multifocal and bilateral blue nevus in a 52-year-old Hispanic male who presented with an elevated prostate-specific antigen of 4.3 and mild obstructive lower urinary tract symptoms, found by transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate needle biopsy. The biopsy also revealed benign prostatic tissue with postatrophic hyperplasia and chronic inflammation. This is the 35th reported case of prostatic blue nevus and the third to show multifocal blue nevus.

  12. Topical Antimycotics for Oral Candidiasis in Warfarin Users

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hellfritzsch, Maja; Pottegård, Anton; Pedersen, Andreas James Thestrup

    2017-01-01

    Treatment for oral candidiasis in warfarin users may be complicated by drug-drug interactions (DDIs) between warfarin and topically applied antimycotics. However, current knowledge of these putative DDIs is merely based on case series. We therefore performed a cohort cross-over study with the obj......Treatment for oral candidiasis in warfarin users may be complicated by drug-drug interactions (DDIs) between warfarin and topically applied antimycotics. However, current knowledge of these putative DDIs is merely based on case series. We therefore performed a cohort cross-over study...... increased from 2.5 (95% CI: 2.1-2.8) to 3.8 (95% CI: 2.8-4.8) after exposure, corresponding to a mean INR increase of 1.4 (95% CI: 0.3-2.4). Among 30 warfarin users exposed to nystatin oral solution, the mean INR was 2.7 (95% CI: 2.3-3.1) before and 2.5 (95% CI: 2.2-2.9) after exposure. In conclusion, we...

  13. Assessment of Effectiveness of Fluconazole and Clotrimazole in Treating Oral Candidiasis Patients: A Comparative Study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Reddy, R C Jagat; Jeelani, S; Duraiselvi, P; Kandasamy, M; Kumar, G Suresh; Pandian, R Azhal Vel

    2017-01-01

    One of the most common fungal infections infecting humans is Candidiasis. Belonging to the group of opportunistic infections, it often affects individuals with various debilitating diseases. Fluconazole and clotrimazole are two of the commonly used anti-fungal agents for the treatment of oral candidiasis. Hence, we planned this study to evaluate the effectiveness of fluconazole and clotrimazole in the treatment of patients suffering from candidiasis. A total of 180 participants were enrolled in the present study. All the patients of candidiasis were divided broadly into two study groups. Group I included patients who were treated with fluconazole mouthrinse whereas group II included patients who were treated with clotrimazole mouth paint. Grading of patient discomfort was done as noted from readings given by the patients. Specimen was collection by a swab from the lesional area of the oral cavity from the patients and were incubated in Sabouraud's dextrose agar medium and assessed. All the patients were treated with medication as give to their respective groups. Patients were recalled as assessed. All the readings were recorded and analyzed. For group I patients, the fungal eradication was 89.5%, whereas for group II patients, the fungal eradication was 86.7%. No significant results were obtained while comparing the mycological eradiation in patients of the two study groups. Approximately similar effectiveness in terms of treatment was noted with fluconazole and clotrimazole in treating patients with candidiasis.

  14. Percepção dos funcionários de uma unidade de queimados em relação à higiene bucal dos pacientes internados

    OpenAIRE

    Busato, Claudia de Abreu

    2003-01-01

    Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia. Objetivou-se conhecer a percepção dos funcionários que atuam na unidade de queimados do Hospital Infantil Joana de Gusmão, em relação à higiene bucal do paciente internado. Realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa, utilizando entrevista semi-estruturada. Os entrevistados perceberam a higiene bucal como procedimento importante para todas as pessoas. Aspectos e...

  15. Vaginal candidiasis and its risk factors among women attending a Nigerian teaching hospital.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nwadioha, S I; Nwokedi, E O P; Egesie, J; Enejuo, H

    2013-03-01

    The study was set to detect Candida species in female genital discharge and validate the associated risk factors. A prospective study of female genital swabs collected from women with abnormal vaginal discharge (test group) and a control group who were attending gynaecology, family planning, antenatal care or HIV/STI clinics of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano Nigeria and analysed for microscopy and culture in microbiology laboratory from December 2008 to December 2009. Data on epidemiologic indices were collected from the patients, using structured interviewer- administered questionnaires. Candida species were detected in the test group in 60% (n=600/1000) cases of infective vaginal discharge while 12% (120/1000) in the control group. The isolation rate of Candida albicans was 69% more than the non- albicans. Distribution of vaginal candidiasis in the test group, was prevalent in young adults age group of 21 to 30 years with 50% (n=300/600), in patients with pregnancy 38% (n=225/600) and patients with chronically debilitating illnesses 26% (n=157/600). The result shows that vaginal candidiasis is quite common and Candida albicans is the most prevalent species. We therefore recommend early diagnosis and prompt treatment of vaginal candidiasis in all women clinics especially among the patients with chronic debilitating illness, pregnancy and young adults in order to avert the complications of vaginal candidiasis and reduce HIV transmission.

  16. Eficacia antibacteriana de dos enjuages bucales (Triclosan y cloruro de cetilpiridinio sobre streptococos orales

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Enrique Estela

    2012-02-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la actividad antimicrobiana de dos enjuagues bucales sobre streptococcus orales. Material y métodos: La investigación realizada fue de tipo clínico, prospectivo y longitudinal en un total de 45 pacientes de ambos sexos cuyas edades oscilaron entre 21 y 35 años de edad. Los pacientes fueron asignados aleatoriamente en tres grupos; el primero que recibió colutorios de cloruro de cetilpiridinio, el segundo que recibió colutorios de triclosán y el tercero que fue consignado como grupo-control (colutorios con agua. Previo al uso del enjuague bucal se realizó una encuesta a la totalidad de pacientes con respecto a los hábitos básicos de higiene bucal y un odontograma en el que se determinó el riesgo de caries de los sujetos incluidos en el estudio. Así mismo se realizó un recuento de colonias de streptococos orales en una muestra de saliva inicial de cada paciente. Después del uso del colutorio respectivo se realizó un nuevo recuento de colonias de streptococos, cuyos resultados fueron contrastados con la muestra inicial. Los resultados mostraron que el uso de triclosán o cloruro de cetilpiridinio reducen significativamente el recuento de colonias de streptococos orales. La reducción media en el recuento de streptococos fue 146,200 UFC/ml en los pacientes que usaron triclosán y 113,670 UFC/ml en los pacientes que utilizaron cloruro de cetilpiridinio. Además, se halló una asociación significativa entre el tipo de saliva, el número de superficies de caries y el recuento inicial de colonias de streptococos. (p<0.05. Conclusiones: Se concluyó en la verificación experimental acerca de la mayor eficacia que presentó el colutorio de triclosán frente al colutorio de cloruro de cetilpiridinio.

  17. [Proteinase activity in Candida albicans strains isolated from the oral cavity of immunocompromised patients, with oral candidiasis and in healthy subjects].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hernández-Solís, Sandra E; Rueda-Gordillo, Florencio; Rojas-Herrera, Rafael A

    2014-01-01

    Candida albicans has a variety of virulence factors, including secreted aspartyl proteases, which are determinant factors in the pathogenesis of this yeast in immunocompromised patients. Proteinase activity was identified in C. albicans strains isolated from the oral cavity of immunocompromised patients with cancer, diabetes and HIV+, with oral candidiasis and in healthy subjects. Two hundred and fifty C. albicans strains were analyzed, distributed in 5 different groups: patients with cancer, diabetes, HIV+, with oral candidiasis and healthy subjects. Proteolytic activity was identified in 46% of the strains from cancer patients, 54% from HIV+ patients, 60% from diabetics, 70% from oral candidiasis patients, and 42% from healthy subjects. Activity was higher in strains from immunocompromised and oral candidiasis patients than in healthy subjects. Differences were observed between the candidiasis-healthy, candidiasis-HIV+, and diabetic-healthy groups. No differences were observed between the oral candidiasis, diabetes and cancer patients, between the diabetes and HIV+ patients, or between the cancer patients, HIV+ patients and healthy subjects. The present results suggest that although secreted aspartyl proteases are important in the pathogenesis of C. albicans, their activity depends on host conditions. Copyright © 2012 Revista Iberoamericana de Micología. Published by Elsevier Espana. All rights reserved.

  18. Management of invasive candidiasis and candidemia in adult non-neutropenic intensive care unit patients: Part II. Treatment.

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Guery, B.P.; Arendrup, M.C.; Auzinger, G.; Azoulay, E.; Borges Sa, M.; Johnson, E.M.; Muller, E.; Putensen, C.; Rotstein, C.; Sganga, G.; Venditti, M.; Zaragoza Crespo, R.; Kullberg, B.J.

    2009-01-01

    BACKGROUND: Invasive candidiasis and candidemia are frequently encountered in the nosocomial setting particularly in the intensive care unit (ICU). OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: To review the current management of invasive candidiasis and candidemia in non-neutropenic adult ICU patients based on a review

  19. Clinical practice guidelines for the management of candidiasis: 2009 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Pappas, P.G.; Kauffman, C.A.; Andes, D.; Benjamin Jr., D.K.; Calandra, T; Edwards, J.E.; Filler, S.G.; Fisher, J.F.; Kullberg, B.J.; Ostrosky-Zeichner, L.; Reboli, A.C.; Rex, J.H.; Walsh, T.J.; Sobel, J.D.

    2009-01-01

    Guidelines for the management of patients with invasive candidiasis and mucosal candidiasis were prepared by an Expert Panel of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. These updated guidelines replace the previous guidelines published in the 15 January 2004 issue of Clinical Infectious Diseases

  20. Disseminated candidiasis secondary to fungal and bacterial peritonitis in a young dog.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rogers, Catherine L; Gibson, Christopher; Mitchell, Susan L; Keating, John H; Rozanski, Elizabeth A

    2009-04-01

    To describe a severe case of bacterial sepsis and disseminated candidiasis in a previously healthy dog. Fungal sepsis was identified in a 2-year-old dog following intestinal dehiscence 4 days after abdominal surgery. Septic peritonitis was identified at admission and evidence of dehiscence at the previous enterotomy site was found during an exploratory laparotomy. Both gram-positive cocci and Candida albicans were cultured from the abdominal cavity. Candida sp. was also subsequently cultured from a central venous catheter. Euthanasia was performed due to failure to respond to therapy. Fungal organisms, morphologically consistent with Candida spp., were found in the lungs and kidney on postmortem histopathologic examination indicating disseminated candidiasis. Candida peritonitis is a well-recognized entity in humans and contributes to morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. Abdominal surgery, intestinal perforation, presence of central venous catheters, and administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics are all considered to be suspected risk factors. This report describes the first known case of systemic candidiasis occurring secondary to Candida peritonitis and bacterial sepsis in a critically ill dog.

  1. Vulvovaginitis: screening for and management of trichomoniasis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, and bacterial vaginosis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    van Schalkwyk, Julie; Yudin, Mark H

    2015-03-01

    To review the evidence and provide recommendations on screening for and management of vulvovaginal candidiasis, trichomoniasis, and bacterial vaginosis. OUTCOMES evaluated include the efficacy of antibiotic treatment, cure rates for simple and complicated infections, and the implications of these conditions in pregnancy. Published literature was retrieved through searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and The Cochrane Library in June 2013 using appropriate controlled vocabulary (e.g., vaginitis, trichomoniasis, vaginal candidiasis) and key words (bacterial vaginosis, yeast, candidiasis, trichomonas vaginalis, trichomoniasis, vaginitis, treatment). Results were restricted to systematic reviews, randomized control trials/controlled clinical trials, and observational studies. There were no date limits, but results were limited to English or French language materials. Searches were updated on a regular basis and incorporated in the guideline to May 2014. Grey (unpublished) literature was identified through searching the websites of health technology assessment and health technology-related agencies, clinical practice guideline collections, and national and international medical specialty societies. The quality of evidence in this document was rated using the criteria described in the Report of the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care (Table 1). Summary Statements 1. Vulvovaginal candidiasis affects 75% of women at least once. Topical and oral antifungal azole medications are equally effective. (I) 2. Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis is defined as 4 or more episodes per year. (II-2) 3. Trichomonas vaginalis is a common non-viral sexually transmitted infection that is best detected by antigen testing using vaginal swabs collected and evaluated by immunoassay or nucleic acid amplification test. (II-2) 4. Cure rates are equal at up to 88% for trichomoniasis treated with oral metronidazole 2 g once or 500 mg twice daily for 7 days. Partner treatment, even without

  2. Frequency of Candidiasis and Colonization of Candida albicans in Relation to Oral Contraceptive Pills.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Aminzadeh, Atousa; Sabeti Sanat, Ali; Nik Akhtar, Saeed

    2016-10-01

    Candidiasis, the infection caused by Candida albicans , is one of the most common infections of the oral cavity in humans. Candidiasis causes irritation and is known for its carcinogenic effects. Thus, it is important to recognize the predisposing factors for this opportunistic infection. Several previous studies have demonstrated an increased frequency of vaginal candidiasis in relation to oral contraceptive consumption. Only a few studies on the relation between oral contraceptives and oral candidiasis have been previously conducted. This study aims to evaluate the possible relation between oral contraceptive pills and oral candidiasis. This analytic, case-control study included 40 non-pregnant women divided into two groups: 20 who used oral contraceptive pills and 20 who did not. The groups were matched according to age, oral health, and past and present medical history. Samples were collected from the tongue's dorsum using a cotton swab and inoculated on CHROMagar culture plates. The frequency of positive cultures and the number of Candida colonies were compared between the two groups using independent t-tests and Mann-Whitney statistical tests with SPSS18 software. The frequency of positive cultures of Candida albicans was higher (P value = 0.03) for the case group. Also, the number of C. albicans and C. krusei was significantly higher for the case group compared to the control group (P value = 0.04, P value = 0.03). The results of the present study demonstrate that oral contraceptives containing estradiol can lead to Candida colonization in the oral cavity. It is recommended that further studies comparing the influence of oral contraceptives on Candida's adherence to the epithelium is highly recommended.

  3. N-acetylglucosamine increases symptoms and fungal burden in a murine model of oral candidiasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ishijima, Sanae A; Hayama, Kazumi; Takahashi, Miki; Holmes, Ann R; Cannon, Richard D; Abe, Shigeru

    2012-04-01

    The amino sugar N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) is an in vitro inducer of the hyphal mode of growth of the opportunistic pathogen Candida albicans. The development of hyphae by C. albicans is considered to contribute to the pathogenesis of mucosal oral candidiasis. GlcNAc is also a commonly used nutritional supplement for the self-treatment of conditions such as arthritis. To date, no study has investigated whether ingestion of GlcNAc has an effect on the in vivo growth of C. albicans or the pathogenesis of a C. albicans infection. Using a murine model of oral candidiasis, we have found that administration of GlcNAc, but not glucose, increased oral symptoms of candidiasis and fungal burden. Groups of mice were given GlcNAc in either water or in a viscous carrier, i.e., 1% methylcellulose. There was a dose-dependent relationship between GlcNAc concentration and the severity of oral symptoms. Mice given the highest dose of GlcNAc, 45.2 mM, also showed a significant increase in fungal burden, and increased histological evidence of infection compared to controls given water alone. We propose that ingestion of GlcNAc, as a nutritional supplement, may have an impact on oral health in people susceptible to oral candidiasis.

  4. Hepatosplenic and renal candidiasis in leukemic patients: CT spectrum before and after therapy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Shirkhoda, A.

    1986-01-01

    Abdominal CT performed in 14 leukemic patients with systemic candidiasis and involvement of the liver, spleen, or kidneys revealed numerous low-density lesions in ten livers (71%), eight spleens (57%), and in the kidneys of three patients (21%). Biopsy of all livers and of three kidneys proved hepatic candidiasis in all (100%) and renal candidiasis in three patients (21%). After treatment with amphotericin B and splenectomy (one patient), CT disclosed abnormal livers in eleven (80%) patients, abnormal spleens in seven (53%), and abnormal kidneys in three patients (21%). Rebiopsy disclosed Candida infection in all livers and all abnormal kidneys, so the patients were treated with liposomal amphotericin B. Although the patients became asymptomatic, CT continued to show abnormal livers in five (35%) and abnormal spleens in two (16%) (the previously abnormal kidneys became normal). Rebiopsy of the abnormal livers showed focal fibrosis and necrosis. These findings emphasize the importance of clinical and pathologic correlation of CT appearance

  5. Albicans candidiasis amongs women and infants at two health ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Albicans candidiasis amongs women and infants at two health facilities in Port ... and in infants – Oral Thrush (OT) was investigated in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. ... UPTH (28.6%) had more infection rate than BMSH (22.9%), pregnant women ...

  6. C/EBPβ Promotes Immunity to Oral Candidiasis through Regulation of β-Defensins.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Simpson-Abelson, Michelle R; Childs, Erin E; Ferreira, M Carolina; Bishu, Shrinivas; Conti, Heather R; Gaffen, Sarah L

    2015-01-01

    Humans or mice subjected to immunosuppression, such as corticosteroids or anti-cytokine biologic therapies, are susceptible to mucosal infections by the commensal fungus Candida albicans. Recently it has become evident that the Th17/IL-17 axis is essential for immunity to candidiasis, but the downstream events that control immunity to this fungus are poorly understood. The CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein-β (C/EBPβ) transcription factor is important for signaling by multiple inflammatory stimuli, including IL-17. C/EBPβ is regulated in a variety of ways by IL-17, and controls several downstream IL-17 target genes. However, the role of C/EBPβ in vivo is poorly understood, in part because C/EBPβ-deficient mice are challenging to breed and work with. In this study, we sought to understand the role of C/EBPβ in the context of an IL-17-dependent immune response, using C. albicans infection as a model system. Confirming prior findings, we found that C/EBPβ is required for immunity to systemic candidiasis. In contrast, C/EBPβ(-/-) mice were resistant to oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC), in a manner indistinguishable from immunocompetent WT mice. However, C/EBPβ(-/-) mice experienced more severe OPC than WT mice in the context of cortisone-induced immunosuppression. Expression of the antimicrobial peptide β-defensin (BD)-3 correlated strongly with susceptibility in C/EBPβ(-/-) mice, but no other IL-17-dependent genes were associated with susceptibility. Therefore, C/EBPβ contributes to immunity to mucosal candidiasis during cortisone immunosuppression in a manner linked to β-defensin 3 expression, but is apparently dispensable for the IL-17-dependent response.

  7. Clinical implications of oral candidiasis: host tissue damage and disseminated bacterial disease.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kong, Eric F; Kucharíková, Sona; Van Dijck, Patrick; Peters, Brian M; Shirtliff, Mark E; Jabra-Rizk, Mary Ann

    2015-02-01

    The clinical significance of polymicrobial interactions, particularly those between commensal species with high pathogenic potential, remains largely understudied. Although the dimorphic fungal species Candida albicans and the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus are common cocolonizers of humans, they are considered leading opportunistic pathogens. Oral candidiasis specifically, characterized by hyphal invasion of oral mucosal tissue, is the most common opportunistic infection in HIV(+) and immunocompromised individuals. In this study, building on our previous findings, a mouse model was developed to investigate whether the onset of oral candidiasis predisposes the host to secondary staphylococcal infection. The findings demonstrated that in mice with oral candidiasis, subsequent exposure to S. aureus resulted in systemic bacterial infection with high morbidity and mortality. Histopathology and scanning electron microscopy of tongue tissue from moribund animals revealed massive C. albicans hyphal invasion coupled with S. aureus deep tissue infiltration. The crucial role of hyphae in the process was demonstrated using a non-hypha-producing and a noninvasive hypha-producing mutant strains of C. albicans. Further, in contrast to previous findings, S. aureus dissemination was aided but not contingent upon the presence of the Als3p hypha-specific adhesion. Importantly, impeding development of mucosal C. albicans infection by administering antifungal fluconazole therapy protected the animals from systemic bacterial disease. The combined findings from this study demonstrate that oral candidiasis may constitute a risk factor for disseminated bacterial disease warranting awareness in terms of therapeutic management of immunocompromised individuals. Copyright © 2015, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

  8. Micafungin in the treatment of invasive candidiasis and invasive aspergillosis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nathan P Wiederhold

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available Nathan P Wiederhold1, Jason M Cota2, Christopher R Frei11University of Texas at Austin College of Pharmacy, Austin, Texas, USA; 2University of the Incarnate Word Feik School of Pharmacy, San Antonio, Texas, USAAbstract: Micafungin is an echinocandin antifungal agent available for clinical use in Japan, Europe, and the United States. Through inhibition of β-1,3-glucan production, an essential component of the fungal cell wall, micafungin exhibits potent antifungal activity against key pathogenic fungi, including Candida and Aspergillus species, while contributing minimal toxicity to mammalian cells. This activity is maintained against polyene and azole-resistant isolates. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies have demonstrated linear kinetics both in adults and children with concentration-dependent activity observed both in vitro and in vivo. Dosage escalation studies have also demonstrated that doses much higher than those currently recommended may be administered without serious adverse effects. Clinically, micafungin has been shown to be efficacious for the treatment of invasive candidiasis and invasive aspergillosis. Furthermore, the clinical effectiveness of micafungin against these infections occurs without the drug interactions that occur with the azoles and the nephrotoxicity observed with amphotericin B formulations. This review will focus on the pharmacology, clinical microbiology, mechanisms of resistance, safety, and clinical efficacy of micafungin in the treatment of invasive candidiasis and invasive aspergillosis.Keywords: micafungin, echinocandin, Candida, Aspergillus, invasive candidiasis, invasive aspergillosis

  9. Conocimiento de los padres sobre hábitos bucales deformantes y traumas dentales asociados a las alteraciones bucales en niños de 4 a 10 años de edad de la I.E. Nuestros Héroes de la Guerra del Pacífico del distrito de Tacna, 2012

    OpenAIRE

    Aparcana Díaz, José Alfredo

    2013-01-01

    El objetivo se centró en determinar si se asocia el conocimiento que poseen los padres sobre hábitos bucales deformantes y traumas dentales con las alteraciones bucales en niños de 4 a 10 años de edad de la I.E. Nuestros Héroes de la Guerra del Pacífico del distrito de Tacna en el periodo 2012. El diseño fue no experimental, descriptivo transversal y de asociación. La población de estudio, fueron 248 padres y 248 hijos/as escolares de 4 a 10 años. Se utilizó un test de conocimientos de ...

  10. The "Other" Venereal Diseases: Herpes Simplex, Trichomoniasis and Candidiasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    McNab, Warren L.

    1979-01-01

    Although the term venereal disease has been synonymous with gonorrhea and syphilis, the Center for Disease Control now states that the number of new cases of herpes simplex, trichomoniasis, and candidiasis is rapidly approaching the number of cases of syphilis and gonorrhea. (MM)

  11. Rate of candidiasis among HIV-infected children in Spain in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (1997-2008).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Álvaro-Meca, Alejandro; Jensen, Julia; Micheloud, Dariela; Díaz, Asunción; Gurbindo, Dolores; Resino, Salvador

    2013-03-04

    Candidiasis is the most common opportunistic infection seen in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals. The aim of our study was to estimate the candidiasis rate and evaluate its trend in HIV-infected children in Spain during the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) compared to HIV-uninfected children. We carried out a retrospective study. Data were obtained from the records of the Minimum Basic Data Set from hospitals in Spain. All HIV-infected children were under 17 years of age, and a group of HIV-uninfected children with hospital admissions matching the study group by gender and age were randomly selected. The follow-up period (1997-2008) was divided into three calendar periods: a) From 1997 to 1999 for early-period HAART; b) from 2000 to 2002 for mid-period HAART; and c) from 2003 to 2008 for late-period HAART. Among children with hospital admissions, HIV-infected children had much higher values than HIV-uninfected children during each of the three calendar periods for overall candidiasis rates (150.0 versus 6.1 events per 1,000 child hospital admissions/year (p candidiasis rate (events per 1,000 HIV-infected children/year) decreased from 1997-1999 to 2000-2002 (18.8 to 10.6; p candidiasis, both non-ICM and ICM rates experienced significant decreases from 1997-1999 to 2003-2008 (15.9 to 5.7 (p candidiasis rate still remains higher than in the general population (from 1997 to 2008), candidiasis diagnoses have decreased among HIV-infected children throughout the HAART era, and it has ceased to be a major health problem among children with HIV infection.

  12. The epidemiology of Candida species associated with vulvovaginal candidiasis in an Iranian patient population.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mahmoudi Rad, M; Zafarghandi, S; Abbasabadi, B; Tavallaee, M

    2011-04-01

    Vulvovaginal candidiasis is a common infection among women worldwide. According to previous epidemiological studies, Candida albicans is the most common species of Candida. The prevalence of non-Candida species, however, is increasing. Identification of Candida species among the population will not only help health professionals to choose suitable antifungal treatments, but also prevent development of drug resistance. The aim of this study was to identify, using chromogenic agar medium, the Candida species associated with vulvovaginal candidiasis among a sample of the Iranian population. In a prospective cohort study during a two year period from March 2006 to March 2008, swab samples of vaginal discharge/secretion were taken from 200 patients admitted to the gynecology clinic of Mahdieh Hospital (Tehran, Iran) with a clinical presentation suggestive of vulvovaginal candidiasis. The isolates obtained were cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar and chromogenic agar medium. Candida species were also identified by germ tube formation in serum, chlamydospore production on Corn Meal Agar and carbohydrate absorption using the API 20C-AUX kit. Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire investigating the risk factors associated with candidiasis. An assessment of the different species of recurrent and non-recurrent candidiasis was also made. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and t-test were used to analyze the data. A total of 191 isolates were obtained from 175 vaginal specimens. Candida albicans accounted for 67% of the strains including single and mixed infections. The other identified species were Candida glabrata (18.3%), Candida tropicalis (6.8%), Candida krusei (5.8%), Candida parapsilosis (1.6%), and Candida guilliermondii (0.5%) respectively. Mixed infection with two or more species of Candida was seen in 10.3% of patients. The most common mixed cause was the combination of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. Participants who were sexually active

  13. New US and CT patterns of hepatic and spienic candidiasis in immunocompromised patients

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Pastakia, B.; Shawker, T.H.; Thaler, M.; Pizzo, P.A.

    1986-01-01

    Nine immunocompromised cancer patients with tissue-proved candidiasis underwent a total of eight serial abdominal US studies and 53 CT examinations. Four US patterns of hepatic and splenic candidiasis were recognized. Type 1 was a ''wheel within a wheel'', or a central hypoechoic nidus surrounded by a dense band, in turn surronded by a rim of hypoechoic tissue. Type 2 was the classic ''bull's eye'' lesion. Type 3, the most common, was a uniformly hypoechoic lesion, 1-4 cm in diameter. Type 4 was a small, dense, echogenic focus with no surrounding lucency and varying amounts of posterior shadowing. Types 1,2 and 3 were seen early in infection; types 3 and 4 were present later. Lesion types 2,3 and 4 were also identified on CT scans. In addition, periportal linear areas of increased attenuation, possibly calcified, were identified on follow-up, non-contrast-enhanced CT. Some abscesses were better seen on non-contrast-enhanced CT scans, while others became visible only after iodinated contrast medium was administered intravenously. Although lesions not seen on US were often seen on CT, the opposite was also true. In two cases pathologic proof of candidiasis was established even when all imaging studies were negative. Patients should be studied by US and by CT before and after contrast agent administration for maximum sensitivity. Even when both US and CT are negative, if there is a strong clinical suspicion of candidiasis, open biopsy is recommended

  14. [Experimental oral candidiasis in healthy and immunocompromised BALB/c mice].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Karaman, Meral; Kiray, Müge; Bayrakal, Vahide; Bağrıyanık, H Alper; Yılmaz, Osman; Bahar, I Hakkı

    2011-04-01

    Oral candidiasis which is the most common type of Candida infections affecting humans, is most frequently caused by C.albicans. Immune response of the host, as well as a variety of virulence factors of the causative agent, play important roles in the development of Candida infections. The colonization rate of Candida in the oral cavity of healthy individuals, is between 25-30%, however, this rate is reported to be increased in immunosuppressive subjects. In our study, we established an oral candidiasis model with C.albicans in healthy and experimentally immunocompromised mice and aimed to compare Candida colonization rates and histopathological changes occurred in the tongue and esophagus tissues of the animal groups. A total of 21 BALB/c mice were grouped as control (Group 1; n= 7), healthy (Group 2; n= 7) and immunocompromised (Group 3; n= 7) groups. Immunosuppression in mice was performed by subcutaneous injection of prednisolone. For experimental oral candidiasis, cotton swab impregnated with C.albicans strains which did not have acid proteinase and phospholipase enzyme activity, no biofilm production, and sensitive to fluconazole and amphotericin B, were used. In the control group, physiological saline solution was used instead of C.albicans strain. In the forth day of experimental oral candidiasis model swab samples taken from the dorsal tongue surface of mice were evaluated by quantitative cultivation method. No yeast colonies were detected in Group 1 while more significant number of yeast colonies were observed in Group 3 compared to Group 2 (p= 0.002). Tongue and esophagus tissues of mice were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and periodic acid schiff staining and evaluated in terms of inflammatory response, abscess formation, vascular congestion, vasodilation and for the presence of yeast and hyphae. When the inflammation in esophagus was considered, statistically significant difference was determined between group 1 and group 3 (p= 0.023), however, no

  15. Effect of chromic γ-irradiation with small doses on candidiasis development in white rats

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Berchev, K.; Krushkov, Iv.

    1976-01-01

    Rats continuously exposed to 2 rads/day during eight months (cumulative dose of 400 rads) and nonirradiated rats were infected with a candida cells administered intravenously. All the irradiated animals died ten days after infection while only ten per cent of the control animals died for the same period of time. A morphological study has revealed candidiasis in the irradiated rats; changes, mainly in the kidneys, and formation of candidiasis granulomas have been detected in the control animals

  16. [Anti-Candida activity of aroma candy and its protective activity against murine oral candidiasis].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hayama, Kazumi; Takahashi, Miki; Suzuki, Motofumi; Ezawa, Kunio; Yamazaki, Masatoshi; Matsukawa, Taiji; Kishi, Akinobu; Sato, Nobuya; Abe, Shigeru

    2015-01-01

    A daily eatable candy that has possible protective activity against oral candidiasis was experimentally produced. The candy was made from reduced-maltose as main constituent and from several natural products, such as oligonol (depolymerized polyphenols derived from lychee), cinnamon (cassia), citral, and capric acid, which are known to have anti-Candida activity in vitro and in vivo. The candy effectively inhibited the mycelial growth of C. albicans, even when it was diluted 1,000 times with culture media. We assessed the protective activity of the candy against murine candidiasis. When 50μl of candy dissolved and diluted 4 times with water was administered 3 times into the oral cavity of Candida infected mice, the score of lesions on the Candida-infected tongues improved on day 2. These findings suggest that this candy has potential as food that provides protective activity against oral candidiasis.

  17. O uso do protetor bucal nas artes marciais: consciência e atitude

    OpenAIRE

    Di Leone, Camilla Cristina Lira; Barros, Igor Raphael Carvalho Nunes; Salles, Alessandro Guimarães; Antunes, Lívia Azeredo Alves; Antunes, Leonardo dos Santos

    2014-01-01

    Introdução: O uso de protetores bucais durante a prática de esportes de contato é de fundamental importância como medida preventiva dos traumatismos orofaciais.Objetivo: Realizar um levantamento quanto a utilização do protetor bucal entre praticantes de artes marciais, assim como verificar qual é a percepção que tais esportistas têm sobre sua importância e função.Métodos: Realizou-se uma pesquisa descritiva e transversal, de caráter investigativo, composta por 231 praticantes de três diferent...

  18. Papiloma bucal producido por VPH y su relación con carcinoma

    OpenAIRE

    Martínez Martínez, Adel; Baldiris Ávila, Rosa; Díaz Caballero, Antonio

    2012-01-01

    El virus del papiloma humano (VPH) es el responsable de múltiples manifestaciones en boca, las cuales generalmente se caracterizan por lesiones vegetantes, verrugosidades o lesiones papulares. La incidencia de la enfermedad en boca ha aumentado ya que el contagio por vía sexual es una de las principales vías de contagio, lo que también permite que cada vez exista un mayor número de diagnósticos de VPH oncogénico en cavidad bucal. The human papiloma virus (HPV) is responsible for multiple m...

  19. Evaluation of refractive correction for standard automated perimetry in eyes wearing multifocal contact lenses

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kazunori Hirasawa

    2017-10-01

    Full Text Available AIM: To evaluate the refractive correction for standard automated perimetry (SAP in eyes with refractive multifocal contact lenses (CL in healthy young participants. METHODS: Twenty-nine eyes of 29 participants were included. Accommodation was paralyzed in all participants with 1% cyclopentolate hydrochloride. SAP was performed using the Humphrey SITA-standard 24-2 and 10-2 protocol under three refractive conditions: monofocal CL corrected for near distance (baseline; multifocal CL corrected for distance (mCL-D; and mCL-D corrected for near vision using a spectacle lens (mCL-N. Primary outcome measures were the foveal threshold, mean deviation (MD, and pattern standard deviation (PSD. RESULTS: The foveal threshold of mCL-N with both the 24-2 and 10-2 protocols significantly decreased by 2.2-2.5 dB CONCLUSION: Despite the induced mydriasis and the optical design of the multifocal lens used in this study, our results indicated that, when the dome-shaped visual field test is performed with eyes with large pupils and wearing refractive multifocal CLs, distance correction without additional near correction is to be recommended.

  20. Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) Enriched with Zn as Immunostimulator for Vaginal Candidiasis Patient

    OpenAIRE

    WINARSI, HERY; HERNAYANTI,; PURWANTO, AGUS

    2008-01-01

    Disturbance on the immune system and deficiency of Zn is two factors which often trigger vaginal candidiasis patient. The aim of the research was to study the effect of virgin coconut oil (VCO) enriched with Zn to the amount of neutrophil and lymphocyte subset cells, and the level of IL-2 and IgG in vaginal candidiasis patient. Thirty women were grouped into three (ten women in each group): A, B and C, and intervened for two months. Women in A group were intervened with two tablespoon/day; t...

  1. Candida Endophthalmitis After Descemet Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty With Grafts From Both Eyes of a Donor With Possible Systemic Candidiasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Palioura, Sotiria; Sivaraman, Kavitha; Joag, Madhura; Sise, Adam; Batlle, Juan F; Miller, Darlene; Espana, Edgar M; Amescua, Guillermo; Yoo, Sonia H; Galor, Anat; Karp, Carol L

    2018-04-01

    To report 2 cases with late postoperative Candida albicans interface keratitis and endophthalmitis after Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) with corneal grafts originating from a single donor with a history of presumed pulmonary candidiasis. Two patients underwent uncomplicated DSAEK by 2 corneal surgeons at different surgery centers but with tissue from the same donor and were referred to the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute with multifocal infiltrates at the graft-host cornea interface 6 to 8 weeks later, and anterior chamber cultures that were positive for the same genetic strain of C. albicans. Immediate explantation of DSAEK lenticules and daily intracameral and instrastromal voriconazole and amphotericin injections failed to control the infection. Thus, both patients underwent therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty with intraocular lens explantation, pars plana vitrectomy, and serial postoperative intraocular antifungal injection. Both patients are doing well at 2 years postoperatively with best-corrected vision of 20/20 and 20/30+ with rigid gas permeable lenses. One patient required repeat optical penetrating keratoplasty and glaucoma tube implantation 1 year after the original surgery. Literature review reveals that donor lenticule explantation and intraocular antifungals are often inadequate to control fungal interface keratitis, and a therapeutic graft is commonly needed. Interface fungal keratitis and endophthalmitis due to infected donor corneal tissue is difficult to treat, and both recipients of grafts originating from the same donor are at risk of developing this challenging condition.

  2. Factores de riesgo asociados a hábitos bucales deformantes en niños de 5 a 11 años. Policlínica “René Vallejo Ortiz”: Manzanillo. 2004 - 2005

    OpenAIRE

    Reyes Romagosa, Daniel Enrique; Rosales Rosales, Katiuska; Roselló Salcedo, Olga; García Arias, Dasha María

    2007-01-01

    RESUMEN Se  realizó un estudio de tipo caso control  de niños afectados por hábitos bucales  deformantes de la  Policlínica III “Rene Vallejo Ortiz”  de  Manzanillo en el periodo comprendido entre abril  del 2004 y abril  del 2005, con el objetivo de identificar los factores de riesgo asociados a esos hábitos bucales deformantes. Del total de niños de 5 a 11 años del área se seleccionaron 180 niños, 60 niños con hábitos bucales deformantes  que se examinaron en consulta y se les realizó una e...

  3. Efficacy of anidulafungin in 539 patients with invasive candidiasis: a patient-level pooled analysis of six clinical trials

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Kullberg, B.J.; Vasquez, J.; Mootsikapun, P.; Nucci, M.; Paiva, J.A.; Garbino, J.; Yan, J.L.; Aram, J.; Capparella, M.R.; Conte, U.; Schlamm, H.; Swanson, R.; Herbrecht, R.

    2017-01-01

    Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of anidulafungin for the treatment of candidaemia and invasive candidiasis in a large dataset, including patients with deep-seated tissue candidiasis, neutropenia and infection due to non- albicans Candida species. Methods: Data were pooled from six prospective,

  4. Linfangioma bucal del tipo capilar: Reporte de un caso en un paciente adulto Capillary buccal lymphangioma: Case report in adult patient

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fabiano Gonzaga Rodrigues

    2007-03-01

    Full Text Available Se describe un caso clínico de linfangioma localizado en la mucosa bucal de un paciente de 68 años de edad, tratado con eletrocauterización. La presentación del caso comprende una breve revisión de la literatura; se aborda el diagnóstico y las características clínico-patológicas en el tratamiento del linfagioma bucal.In this paper, the authors describe a case report of a buccal lymphangioma localizeted in jugal mucosa of a sixty eight years old patient, treated by the electrocauterization. Also, they present a literature revision approaching the diagnosis, the clinical and histopathological characteristics, and the different types of treatment of the buccal lymphangioma.

  5. Evaluation of rotation and visual outcomes after implantation of monofocal and multifocal toric intraocular lenses.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Garzón, Nuria; Poyales, Francisco; de Zárate, Begoña Ortíz; Ruiz-García, Jose Luis; Quiroga, Juan Antonio

    2015-02-01

    To evaluate rotational stability and its influence on postoperative visual acuity of different monofocal and multifocal toric intraocular lenses (IOLs). A prospective interventional study was designed. Ninety-one patients with a mean age of 71.65 ± 11.82 years were implanted with toric IOLs after phacoemulsification. Three monofocal toric IOLs (the Lentis LT [Oculentis, Berlin, Germany], enVista [Bausch & Lomb, Rochester, NY], and AcrySof IQ [Alcon Laboratories, Inc., Fort Worth, TX]) and one multifocal toric IOL (AcrySof IQ ReSTOR; Alcon Laboratories, Inc.) were implanted. Preoperative and postoperative images were taken to calculate the misalignment due to the marking method. To evaluate rotation in the different follow-up visits, another photograph was taken 1 hour and 1, 7 and 30 days postoperatively. Refraction, uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), and corrected distance visual acuity were measured 30 days postoperatively. Postoperative UDVA was 0.1 logMAR or better in 64.6% of eyes implanted with monofocal IOLs and 46.4% of eyes implanted with multifocal IOLs. The enVista toric IOL showed the best UDVA compared to the other monofocal IOLs, with 81% of eyes with 0.1 logMAR or better. The mean misalignment in the total group studied was 0.07° ± 0.60°; 69.6% of monofocal IOLs and 67.9% of multifocal IOLs showed less than 5° of rotation. A correlation was found between postoperative UDVA and rotation in the monofocal and multifocal IOLs implanted (r = 0.439 [P < .011] and = 0.787 [P = .001], respectively). At 1 month postoperatively, UDVA was slightly more affected by IOL rotation in multifocal than monofocal toric IOLs. The marking method was also effective. Copyright 2015, SLACK Incorporated.

  6. Treatment of asymptomatic vaginal candidiasis in pregnancy to prevent preterm birth: an open-label pilot randomized controlled trial

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rickard Kristen

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Although the connection between ascending infection and preterm birth is undisputed, research focused on finding effective treatments has been disappointing. However evidence that eradication of Candida in pregnancy may reduce the risk of preterm birth is emerging. We conducted a pilot study to assess the feasibility of conducting a large randomized controlled trial to determine whether treatment of asymptomatic candidiasis in early pregnancy reduces the incidence of preterm birth. Methods We used a prospective, randomized, open-label, blinded-endpoint (PROBE study design. Pregnant women presenting at Candida were randomized to 6-days of clotrimazole vaginal pessaries (100mg or usual care (screening result is not revealed, no treatment. The primary outcomes were the rate of asymptomatic vaginal candidiasis, participation and follow-up. The proposed primary trial outcome of spontaneous preterm birth Results Of 779 women approached, 500 (64% participated in candidiasis screening, and 98 (19.6% had asymptomatic vaginal candidiasis and were randomized to clotrimazole or usual care. Women were not inconvenienced by participation in the study, laboratory testing and medication dispensing were problem-free, and the follow-up rate was 99%. There was a tendency towards a reduction in spontaneous preterm birth among women with asymptomatic candidiasis who were treated with clotrimazole RR = 0.33, 95%CI 0.04-3.03. Conclusions A large, adequately powered, randomized trial of clotrimazole to prevent preterm birth in women with asymptomatic candidiasis is both feasible and warranted. Trial registration Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Register (ANZCTR: ACTRN12609001052224

  7. Oral Candidiasis: A Tool For The Detection Of Presence And ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Oral Candidiasis: A Tool For The Detection Of Presence And Progression Of Hiv Infection In Children In ... Open Access DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT ... Oral cavity is an important and frequently undervalued source of diagnostic and prognostic ...

  8. Validity of automated refraction after segmented refractive multifocal intraocular lens implantation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Albarrán-Diego, César; Muñoz, Gonzalo; Rohrweck, Stephanie; García-Lázaro, Santiago; Albero, José Ricardo

    2017-01-01

    To evaluate the clinical utility of automated refraction (AR) and keratometry (KR) compared with subjective or manifest refraction (MR) after cataract or refractive lens exchange surgery with implantation of Lentis Mplus X (Oculentis GmbH) refractive multifocal intraocular lens (IOL). Eighty-six eyes implanted with the Lentis Mplus X multifocal IOL were included. MR was performed in all patients followed by three consecutive AR measurements using the Topcon KR-8000 autorefractor. Assessment of repeatability of consecutive AR before and after dilation with phenylephrine 10%, and comparison of the AR and KR with MR using vector analysis were performed at 3mo follow-up. Analysis showed excellent repeatability of the AR measurements. Linear regression of AR versus MR showed good correlation for sphere and spherical equivalent, whereas the correlation for astigmatism was low. The mean difference AR-MR was -1.28±0.29 diopters (D) for sphere. Astigmatism showed better correlation between KR and MR. We suggest AR sphere plus 1.25 D and the KR cylinder as the starting point for MR in eyes with a Lentis Mplus X multifocal IOL. If AR measurements are equal to MR, decentration of the IOL should be suspected.

  9. Outcomes of Neonatal Candidiasis: The Impact of Delayed Initiation of Antifungal Therapy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Heather Cahan

    2011-01-01

    Results. Sixty-three newborns with invasive neonatal candidiasis were identified. Overall mortality rate was 35%. Virtually every infant had a central venous catheter (CVC, required mechanical ventilation and previous administration of antibacterial agents. Delayed institution of antifungal therapy was associated with increased mortality. In addition, length of hospitalization, duration of prior antibacterial therapy, mechanical ventilation, and CVC use, as well as evidence of end-organ disease, were associated with an adverse outcome. Conclusions. Reliance on available laboratory tools in cases of invasive neonatal candidiasis can result in delayed diagnosis and increased mortality. A risk-factor-based approach to empirical treatment could be justified in this setting.

  10. fluconazole and boric acid for treatment of vaginal candidiasis

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    2013-04-01

    Apr 1, 2013 ... M. K. Khameneie, Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Imam Reza hospital, Tehran - Iran,. N. Arianpour ..... candidiasis. Am Fam Physician. 2000;1, 61:3306-12. 12. Donders GG, Bellen G, Mendling W. Management of recurrent vulvo-vaginal candidosis as a chronic illness.

  11. Mucosite bucal rádio e quimioinduzida Radiation therapy and chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luiz Evaristo Ricci Volpato

    2007-08-01

    Full Text Available O aumento da intensidade da quimioterapia e radioterapia no tratamento do câncer tem elevado a incidência de efeitos colaterais, em especial da mucosite bucal. OBJETIVO E MÉTODO: Através de revisão bibliográfica realizou-se atualizar informações quanto à definição, características clínicas, incidência, etiologia, patofisiologia, morbidade associada, prevenção e tratamento dessa manifestação clínica. RESULTADOS: Estudos atuais definem a mucosite bucal como uma inflamação e ulceração dolorosa bastante freqüente na mucosa bucal apresentando formação de pseudomembrana. Sua incidência e severidade são influenciadas por variáveis associadas ao paciente e ao tratamento a que ele é submetido. A mucosite é conseqüência de dois mecanismos maiores: toxicidade direta da terapêutica utilizada sobre a mucosa e mielossupressão gerada pelo tratamento. Sua patofisiologia é composta por quatro fases interdependentes: fase inflamatória/vascular, fase epitelial, fase ulcerativa/bacteriológica e fase de reparação. É considerada fonte potencial de infecções com risco de morte, sendo a principal causa de interrupção de tratamentos antineoplásicos. Algumas intervenções mostraram-se potencialmente efetivas para sua prevenção e tratamento. Entretanto, faz-se necessária a realização de novos estudos clínicos mais bem conduzidos para obtenção de melhor evidência científica acerca do agente terapêutico de escolha para o controle da mucosite bucal, permitindo a realização da quimioterapia e radioterapia do câncer em parâmetros ideais.Tincreasing the intensity of radiation therapy and chemotherapy in the management of cancer has increased the incidence of adverse effects, especially oral mucositis. AIM AND METHODS: a bibliographical review was conducted on the definition of oral mucositis, its clinical findings, the incidence, its etiology, the pathofisiology, associated morbidity, prevention and treatment

  12. Oral Candida colonization and candidiasis in patients with psoriasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bedair, Ahmad A; Darwazeh, Azmi M G; Al-Aboosi, Mustafa M

    2012-11-01

    The objective of this study was to investigate oral Candida colonization and candidosis in a group of patients with psoriasis and controls. A total of 100 patients with psoriasis and matched controls underwent the concentrated oral rinse test for Candida isolation. Candida species were identified by the VITEK 2 Identification System. Categorical variables were evaluated using the χ(2) test. The median Candida count was compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. Oral candidiasis was diagnosed in 3% of the patients with psoriasis. The Candida count and prevalence were significantly higher in the patients with psoriasis compared with controls (69% vs 44%, P Oral Candida was significantly higher in late-onset (at age ≥30 years) compared with early-onset psoriasis (at age oral Candida colonization and candidiasis. Further studies are needed to clarify the predisposing factor(s) for oral Candida in patients with psoriasis. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  13. Relationship between salivary glucosa levels and salivary pH with candidiasis oral in diabetes mellitus patients

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sumintarti Sumintarti

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available Diabetes Mellitus (DM is a metabolic disease which is characterized by increased blood glucose level and also increased salivary glucose level. The disease is characterized by decreasing pH of the saliva. The decrease pH of saliva can the high risk of oral infection. Candidiasis is the most common infection of patients with diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between salivary glucose level and salivary pH to the occurrence of oral candidiasis in patients with DM. This type of research is analytic observational study on 30 sample with diabetes mellitus. The determination of salivary glucose level with “GOD PAP test enzymatic calorimetric” and salivary pH with lacmus paper. Oral candidiasis was determined in presenting candida albicans with seeding Saboround agar and gram staining. The result showed r 0'573, which is higher salivary glucose levels, followed by decreasing salivary pH and microscopic examination of candida found in the whole sample of the study. This finding demonstrates that an increased salivary glucose levels and increase salivary pH affect the occurrence of oral candidiasis in diabetic patients.

  14. Influência do ambiente familiar sobre a saúde bucal de crianças: uma revisão sistemática Influence of family environment on children's oral health: a systematic review

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Aline Rogéria Freire de Castilho

    2013-04-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Envolver modelos atuais e comprovações científicas sobre a influência de comportamentos de saúde bucal dos pais na cárie dentária de suas crianças. FONTES: Artigos do MEDLINE publicados entre 1980 e junho de 2012. Foram analisados artigos de pesquisa originais tratando do comportamento dos pais quanto à saúde bucal. Um total de 218 citações foi analisado e 13 artigos foram incluídos na análise. Os estudos foram considerados elegíveis para análise se atendessem aos seguintes critérios de inclusão: (1 avaliassem uma possível associação entre cáries dentárias e o comportamento dos pais relacionado à saúde bucal; e (2 se a metodologia do estudo incluísse exame clínico bucal. Os principais termos de pesquisa foram "saúde bucal", "atitudes dos pais", "conhecimento dos pais" e "cáries dentárias". RESUMO DOS ACHADOS: Ao todo, 13 estudos experimentais contribuíram com dados para a síntese. Também foram considerados trabalhos, revisões e capítulos originais em livros didáticos. CONCLUSÃO: Os hábitos de saúde dental dos pais influenciam a saúde bucal de seus filhos. São necessários programas de educação em saúde bucal com ações preventivas para proporcionar não apenas saúde bucal adequada às crianças, mas também uma melhor qualidade de vida. Deve ser dada atenção especial a toda a família, com relação a seu estilo de vida e hábitos relacionados à saúde bucal.OBJECTIVE: To review current models and scientific evidence on the influence of parents' oral health behaviors on their children's dental caries. SOURCES: MEDLINE articles published between 1980 and June, 2012. Original research articles on parents' oral health behavior were reviewed. A total of 218 citations were retrieved, and 13 articles were included in the analysis. The studies were eligible for review if they matched the following inclusion criteria: (1 they evaluated a possible association between dental caries and parents

  15. Multifocal peritoneal splenosis in Tc-99m-labeled heat-denatured red blood cell scintigraphy

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Yoon, Min Ki; Hwang, Kyung Hoon; Choe, Won Sick [Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon (Korea, Republic of)

    2006-06-15

    A 44-year-old man with a past medical history of splenectomy came to hospital because of epigastric pain abdominopelvic computed tomography(CT) showed a soft tissue mass and multifocal variable-sized nodules as well as finding suggestive of cholecystitis. Subsequently, he underwent Tc-99m-labeled heat- denatured red blood cell(RBC) scintigraphy to evaluate the mass and nodules. The scintigraphy confirmed multifocal peritoneal splenosis in the abdominopelvic cavity.

  16. Species-specific prevalence of vaginal candidiasis among patients with diabetes mellitus and its relation to their glycaemic status.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Goswami, R; Dadhwal, V; Tejaswi, S; Datta, K; Paul, A; Haricharan, R N; Banerjee, U; Kochupillai, N P

    2000-09-01

    Non- C. albicans Candida species are increasingly being recognized as the cause of vulvo-vaginal candidiasis. These species are often less susceptible to antifungal agents. Patients with diabetes mellitus are at risk for vulvo-vaginal candidasis. We assessed the species-specific prevalence rate and risk of candidiasis in patients with diabetes mellitus and healthy controls. Genital tract examination, direct microscopy and fungal cultures of discharge collected by high vaginal swab were undertaken among 78 consecutive patients with diabetes mellitus (mean (+/-sd) age 32+/-12 years and body mass index (BMI) 22.3+/-5.5kg/m(2)) and 88 age- and BMI-matched healthy females. Glycaemic control in the diabetic cohort was assessed by measuring total glycosylated haemoglobin. Candida species were isolated in 36 of 78 (46%) subjects with diabetes mellitus and in 21 of 88 (23%) healthy subjects (Chi-squared 9.11, P=0.0025). The predominant Candida species isolated in diabetics with vulvo-vaginal candidiasis were Candida glabrata (39%), C. albicans (26%) and C. tropicalis (17%). In contrast, in the control group, C. albicans, C. glabrata and C. hemulonii comprised 30% each, with none having C. tropicalis infection (for C. tropicalis: diabetic vs. control; 17% vs. nil, P=0. 05). Among the diabetic group, subjects with vulvo-vaginal candidiasis had significantly higher mean HbA1 when compared to those who had no such infection (12.8+/-2.6% vs. 9.7+/-1.7% respectively, P=0.001). The overall accuracy of direct microscopy and clinical examination for predicting vulvo-vaginal candidiasis was only 77% and 51%, respectively, in the diabetic group, and 83% and 65% in the control group. Patients with diabetes mellitus had a high prevalence rate (46%) of vulvo-vaginal candidiasis with relative risk of 2.45. The non- C. albicans species such as C. glabrata and C. tropicalis were the predominant species isolated among them. There seems to be a significant link between hyperglycaemia and

  17. The clinical course of asymptomatic esophageal candidiasis incidentally diagnosed in general health inspection.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lee, Sang Pyo; Sung, In-Kyung; Kim, Jeong Hwan; Lee, Sun-Young; Park, Hyung Seok; Shim, Chan Sup

    2015-01-01

    Esophageal candidiasis mostly occurs in the immunocompromised host. However, it may also affect healthy people and is frequently asymptomatic. The clinical significance of asymptomatic esophageal candidiasis (AEC) is still unclear. The aims of the study were to investigate the prevalence of AEC during health inspection and to identify its predisposing factors and clinical significance. A total of 49,497 subjects who underwent a health inspection that included upper endoscopy were enrolled. We retrospectively reviewed the subject's self-reporting questionnaires, medical records and endoscopic findings. We considered "long-term" follow-up to be >6 months with at least one more follow-up endoscopy. One hundred and seventy (0.4%) subjects were endoscopically diagnosed as esophageal candidiasis and 141 subjects were AEC. Multivariate analysis revealed that old age (≥60 years) was an independent risk factor for AEC (OR, 1.862, p = 0.005). The number of subjects with long-term follow-up was 79 (195.3 person-years). Among these, AEC of 64 subjects (81.0%) had disappeared on the follow-up endoscopy and was not recurrent. The other 15 subjects had AEC diagnosed more than once on the follow-up endoscopy, and 5 of them were spontaneously healed during the follow-up period. The remaining 10 subjects whose candidiasis was sustained up to the last endoscopy did not complain of symptoms during the follow-up period, and their endoscopic findings did not worsen. AEC is rare and old age is the only risk factor. AEC does not require medical care because it is a self-limited disease.

  18. Hábitos de higiene bucal e índice de higiene oral de escolares do ensino público

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Adriano Pivotto

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Verificar os hábitos de higiene bucal e o índice de higiene oral de escolares do ensino fundamental de escolas públicas do município de Itajaí-SC. Métodos: Investigação descritiva transversal. A amostra constou de escolares do primeiro ano do ensino fundamental de escolas públicas da rede municipal de Itajaí-SC matriculados em 2011. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de registro do Índice de Higiene Oral Simplificado (IHOS das crianças e da aplicação de um questionário aos pais/responsáveis sobre a caracterização da higiene oral dos escolares. Resultados: Avaliaram-se 202 escolares. Quanto à escovação dental diária, 121 (59,9% relataram que um adulto é o responsável pela realização desse procedimento na criança e 81 (40,1% informaram que a própria criança executa a escovação. O número de escovações em 128 (63,4% crianças foi de três vezes ao dia e o fio dental não era utilizado por 137 (68%. Encontrou-se em 114 (56,4% escolares um IHOS classificado como higiene razoável – de 1,3 a 2. Com relação a como proceder com a higiene bucal da criança, 140 (69% pais responderam já ter recebido essa informação e a fonte citada por 118 (58,4% foi o cirurgião-dentista. Conclusão: Os escolares apresentaram hábitos de higiene bucal com deficiência na remoção da placa bacteriana e no uso do fio dental, resultando em um IHOS razoável.

  19. Bucal considerations in the treatment of patients with scleroderma: Report of two cases

    OpenAIRE

    Hernández Arenas, Y; Montalvo Acosta, S; Díaz Caballero, A

    2017-01-01

    La esclerodermia pertenece a un grupo de enfermedades autoinmunes del tejido conectivo, que produce: inflamación, disfunción vascular y fibrosis excesiva del tejido conectivo de soporte de la piel y los órganos viscerales. A nivel bucal se evidencian afecciones como xerostomía, microstomía, caries y enfermedad periodontal. El tratamiento odontológico requiere un manejo integral por parte de los profesionales, que comprenda las patologías orales presentes y los síntomas permanentes característ...

  20. Coesão familiar associada à saúde bucal, fatores socioeconômicos e comportamentos em saúde

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luale Leão Ferreira

    2013-08-01

    Full Text Available Pesquisas sobre saúde geral têm relacionado coesão familiar a fatores socioeconômicos e comportamentais. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a associação entre coesão familiar e fatores socioeconômicos, comportamentais e de saúde bucal. Este foi um estudo transversal com amostra por conglomerados em dois estágios. A amostra randomizada de 524 adolescentes era proveniente de escolas públicas da cidade de Piracicaba-SP. As variáveis foram avaliadas por questionários autoaplicáveis e os dados de saúde bucal, pelos índices CPO e CPI. A coesão familiar percebida pelo adolescente foi avaliada por meio da escala de adaptabilidade e coesão familiar. Análise univariada e regressão logística multinominal mostraram que adolescentes com baixa coesão familiar apresentaram mais chance de terem baixa renda (OR 2,28 IC95% 1,14-4,55, presença de cárie (OR 2,23 IC95% 1,21-4,09 e baixa frequência de escovação diária (OR 1,91 IC95% 1,03-3,54. Adolescentes com alta coesão familiar apresentaram mais chance que adolescentes com média coesão de terem alta renda e fator de proteção contra o hábito de tabagismo. Desta forma, a coesão familiar percebida pelo adolescente associou-se com variáveis comportamentais, socioeconômicas e de saúde bucal, indicando a importância de uma abordagem integral da saúde do paciente.

  1. The Clinical and Molecular Characteristics of Adenocarcinoma Presented 
by Multi-focal GGO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yang SONG

    2018-03-01

    Full Text Available Due to emphasis on early screening for lung cancer, the detection rate of multiple ground glass opacities (GGOs on computed tomography (CT image increases in recent years, and research on multifocal adenocarcinomas presented by GGOs has been thriving. It is more common in women and non-smokers and has excellent prognosis both in patients with natural history and after surgery. These clinical features suggest that it is likely to be a distinct disease entity. From the perspective of molecular genetics, lesions in the same individual are likely to have distinct clonal features. Therefore, genetic heterogeneity is the most prominent feature of multifocal pulmonary adenocarcinomas with GGOs. The genetic heterogeneity is expected to assist the diagnosis of multifocal pulmonary adenocarcinoma and intrapulmonary metastasis, and also suggests that genetic testing of the GGO lesions is of great therapeutic significance. Some GGO lesions may harvest the similar clonal feature, which provide new evidence for the theory of spread through air spaces (STAS.

  2. [The Clinical and Molecular Characteristics of Adenocarcinoma Presented 
by Multi-focal GGO].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Song, Yang; Liang, Naixin; Li, Shanqing

    2018-03-20

    Due to emphasis on early screening for lung cancer, the detection rate of multiple ground glass opacities (GGOs) on computed tomography (CT) image increases in recent years, and research on multifocal adenocarcinomas presented by GGOs has been thriving. It is more common in women and non-smokers and has excellent prognosis both in patients with natural history and after surgery. These clinical features suggest that it is likely to be a distinct disease entity. From the perspective of molecular genetics, lesions in the same individual are likely to have distinct clonal features. Therefore, genetic heterogeneity is the most prominent feature of multifocal pulmonary adenocarcinomas with GGOs. The genetic heterogeneity is expected to assist the diagnosis of multifocal pulmonary adenocarcinoma and intrapulmonary metastasis, and also suggests that genetic testing of the GGO lesions is of great therapeutic significance. Some GGO lesions may harvest the similar clonal feature, which provide new evidence for the theory of spread through air spaces (STAS).
.

  3. Imaging of liver and spleen candidiasis in patients with acute leukemia

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Seino, Yasuo; Tamakawa, Y.; Kato, T.; Kimura, Y.; Miyazaki, S.; Miura, R.; Ishida, H.

    1988-01-01

    Four patients with acute leukemia were found to have candidal abscess of liver and spleen. CT and US showed hepatosplenomegaly and microabscess. These findings might be useful in diagnosis of visceral candidiasis.

  4. Local IL-23 expression in murine vaginal candidiasis and its relationship with infection and immune status.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wu, Yan; Tan, Zhijian; Liu, Zhixiang; Xia, Dechao; Li, Jiawen

    2006-01-01

    To investigate the expression of vaginal IL-23 and its role in experimental murine vaginal candidiasis and its relationship with infection and immune status, immuno-competent (group A) and immuno-suppressed (group B) murine models of vaginal candidiasis were established in estrogen-treated mice. Non-estrogen-treated mice were used as controls (group C). The level of IL-23 p19 mRNA in murine vaginal tissue was determined by RT-PCR. Significantly increased levels of IL-23p19mRNA were observed on the 4th, the 7th and 14th day after inoculation in immuno-competent group when compared with that in control group (Pvaginal candidiasis and has a protective function during infection. Low vaginal IL-23 level may correlate with the increased susceptibility to Candida albicans in immuno-suppressed group.

  5. Antibody blockade of IL-17 family cytokines in immunity to acute murine oral mucosal candidiasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Whibley, Natasha; Tritto, Elaine; Traggiai, Elisabetta; Kolbinger, Frank; Moulin, Pierre; Brees, Dominique; Coleman, Bianca M; Mamo, Anna J; Garg, Abhishek V; Jaycox, Jillian R; Siebenlist, Ulrich; Kammüller, Michael; Gaffen, Sarah L

    2016-06-01

    Antibodies targeting IL-17A or its receptor, IL-17RA, are approved to treat psoriasis and are being evaluated for other autoimmune conditions. Conversely, IL-17 signaling is critical for immunity to opportunistic mucosal infections caused by the commensal fungus Candida albicans, as mice and humans lacking the IL-17R experience chronic mucosal candidiasis. IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-17AF bind the IL-17RA-IL-17RC heterodimeric complex and deliver qualitatively similar signals through the adaptor Act1. Here, we used a mouse model of acute oropharyngeal candidiasis to assess the impact of blocking IL-17 family cytokines compared with specific IL-17 cytokine gene knockout mice. Anti-IL-17A antibodies, which neutralize IL-17A and IL-17AF, caused elevated oral fungal loads, whereas anti-IL-17AF and anti-IL-17F antibodies did not. Notably, there was a cooperative effect of blocking IL-17A, IL-17AF, and IL-17F together. Termination of anti-IL-17A treatment was associated with rapid C. albicans clearance. IL-17F-deficient mice were fully resistant to oropharyngeal candidiasis, consistent with antibody blockade. However, IL-17A-deficient mice had lower fungal burdens than anti-IL-17A-treated mice. Act1-deficient mice were much more susceptible to oropharyngeal candidiasis than anti-IL-17A antibody-treated mice, yet anti-IL-17A and anti-IL-17RA treatment caused equivalent susceptibilities. Based on microarray analyses of the oral mucosa during infection, only a limited number of genes were associated with oropharyngeal candidiasis susceptibility. In sum, we conclude that IL-17A is the main cytokine mediator of immunity in murine oropharyngeal candidiasis, but a cooperative relationship among IL-17A, IL-17AF, and IL-17F exists in vivo. Susceptibility displays the following hierarchy: IL-17RA- or Act1-deficiency > anti-IL-17A + anti-IL-17F antibodies > anti-IL-17A or anti-IL-17RA antibodies > IL-17A deficiency. © Society for Leukocyte Biology.

  6. Advanced topical drug delivery system for the management of vaginal candidiasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Johal, Himmat Singh; Garg, Tarun; Rath, Goutam; Goyal, Amit Kumar

    2016-01-01

    Vaginal candidiasis or vulvovaginal candidiasis (VC) is a common mucosal infection of vagina, mainly caused by Candida species. The major symptoms of VC are dyspareunia, pruritis, itching, soreness, vagina as well as vulvar erythema and edema. Most common risk factors that lead to the imbalance in the vaginal micro biota are the use of antibiotics, pregnancy, diabetes mellitus, immuno suppression as in AIDS or HIV patients, frequent sexual intercourse, spermicide and intra-uterine devices and vaginal douching. Various anti-fungal drugs are available for effective treatment of VC. Different conventional vaginal formulations (creams, gels, suppositories, powder, ointment, etc.) for VC are available today but have limited efficacy because of lesser residence time on vaginal epithelium due to self-cleansing action of vagina. So to overcome this problem, an extended and intimate contact with vaginal mucosa is desired; which can be accomplished by utilizing mucoadhesive polymers. Mucoadhesive polymers have an excellent binding capacity to mucosal tissues for considerable period of time. This unique property of these polymers significantly enhances retention time of different formulations on mucosal tissues. Currently, various novel formulations such as liposomes, nano- and microparticles, micro-emulsions, bio-adhesive gel and tablets are used to control and treat VC. In this review, we focused on current status of vaginal candidiasis, conventional and nanotechnology inspired formulation approaches.

  7. Determining the origin of synchronous multifocal bladder cancer by exome sequencing

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Acar, Ömer; Özkurt, Ezgi; Demir, Gulfem; Saraç, Hilal; Alkan, Can; Esen, Tarık; Somel, Mehmet; Lack, Nathan A.

    2015-01-01

    Synchronous multifocal tumours are commonly observed in urothelial carcinomas of the bladder. The origin of these physically independent tumours has been proposed to occur by either intraluminal migration (clonal) or spontaneous transformation of multiple cells by carcinogens (field effect). It is unclear which model is correct, with several studies supporting both hypotheses. A potential cause of this uncertainty may be the small number of genetic mutations previously used to quantify the relationship between these tumours. To better understand the genetic lineage of these tumours we conducted exome sequencing of synchronous multifocal pTa urothelial bladder cancers at a high depth, using multiple samples from three patients. Phylogenetic analysis of high confidence single nucleotide variants (SNV) demonstrated that the sequenced multifocal bladder cancers arose from a clonal origin in all three patients (bootstrap value 100 %). Interestingly, in two patients the most common type of tumour-associated SNVs were cytosine mutations of TpC* dinucleotides (Fisher’s exact test p < 10 −41 ), likely caused by APOBEC-mediated deamination. Incorporating these results into our clonal model, we found that TpC* type mutations occurred 2-5× more often among SNVs on the ancestral branches than in the more recent private branches (p < 10 −4 ) suggesting that TpC* mutations largely occurred early in the development of the tumour. These results demonstrate that synchronous multifocal bladder cancers frequently arise from a clonal origin. Our data also suggests that APOBEC-mediated mutations occur early in the development of the tumour and may be a driver of tumourigenesis in non-muscle invasive urothelial bladder cancer. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1859-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users

  8. Intervención educativa sobre salud bucal en niños de la escuela primaria "Gerardo Medina" Educative Intervention about Dental Health in Children: "Gerardo Medina" Primary School

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan Félix Albert Díaz

    2009-06-01

    Full Text Available El insuficiente nivel de conocimientos sobre salud e higiene bucal deficiente continúan siendo un problema en gran parte de la población. El objetivo de esta investigación es identificar el nivel de conocimientos sobre salud e higiene bucal en los niños de la escuela primaria "Gerardo Medina" del municipio Pinar del Río, antes y después de realizada la intervención educativa, evaluando así su eficacia. Se realizó un estudio en el período comprendido desde enero a noviembre de 2007. La muestra estuvo constituida por 142 niños, 70 del sexo masculino y 72 del femenino, en edades comprendidas entre los 9 y 11 años. Se les aplicó una encuesta con el fin de determinar sus conocimientos sobre salud bucal y se determinó el IHB-S para evaluar su higiene bucal antes y después de realizada la intervención. Los estudiantes de estomatología actuaron como promotores de salud bucal. Los datos fueron procesados mediante las pruebas, t de Student, Ji cuadrado y de comparación de 2 proporciones, con niveles de confianza del 95 % y 99 %. Los resultados mostraron que antes de la intervención existían bajos niveles de conocimientos sobre salud bucal, así como deficiente higiene bucal en la mayoría de los niños, mostrando ambas variables una estrecha relación; después de la intervención se alcanzó una mejoraría significativa en los conocimientos y la higiene bucal. Se concluye con una eficacia del programa educativo participativo aplicado y de los métodos y medios de enseñanza utilizados, dado por los cambios favorables alcanzados después de realizada la intervención.The poor level of knowledge about dental health and hygiene is still a health problem in part of the population. The aimed of this research paper was to identify the level of knowledge, children in "Gerardo Medina" Primary School, Pinar del Rio had before and after the establishment of the educative intervention and assessing its effectiveness. The study was conducted

  9. Development of Graft-Site Candidiasis in 3 Solid Organ Transplant Recipients from the Same Donor.

    Science.gov (United States)

    El-Bandar, Nasrin; Kroy, Daniela C; Fuller, Tom Florian; Kramer, Jürgen; Liefeldt, Lutz; Budde, Klemens; Blobel, Conrad; Miller, Kurt; Friedersdorff, Frank

    2017-07-11

    BACKGROUND Graft-site candidiasis rarely develops in solid organ transplant recipients; however, severe life-threatening complications can occur. We report the course of 3 solid organ transplant recipients developing graft-site candidiasis. CASE REPORT All grafts, consisting of 2 kidneys and 1 liver, were procured from a single donor. Patient data were collected from our database. Candida albicans was isolated from a swab taken during multiple-organ recovery. Complications associated with candidiasis occurred in all 3 recipients with preservation of the liver transplant. Both renal transplant recipients had vascular complications, eventually resulting in graft nephrectomy and subsequent return to dialysis. The patients recovered completely without residual effects of their prior fungal infection. CONCLUSIONS Fungal infections in solid organ transplant recipients are rare. Since the sequelae of these infections are serious and usually pertain to more than 1 recipient at a time, antifungal prophylaxis may be warranted in select donors.

  10. Chronic Disseminated Candidiasis Complicated by Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in Child with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Olga Zając-Spychała

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Hepatosplenic candidiasis also known as chronic disseminated candidiasis is a rare manifestation of invasive fungal infection typically observed in patients with acute leukemia in prolonged, deep neutropenia. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS is an inflammatory disorder triggered by rapid resolution of neutropenia. Diagnosis and treatment of IRIS are still challenging due to a variety of clinical symptoms, lack of certain diagnostic criteria, and no standards of treatment. The diagnosis of IRIS is even more difficult in patients with hematological malignancies complicated by “probable” invasive fungal infection, when fungal pathogen is still uncertain. We report a case of probable hepatic candidiasis in 4-year-old boy with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Despite proper antifungal therapy, there was no clinical and radiological improvement, so diagnosis of Candida-related IRIS was made and corticosteroid therapy was added to antifungal treatment achieving prompt resolution of infection symptoms.

  11. Imaging of liver and spleen candidiasis in patients with acute leukemia

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Seino, Yasuo; Tamakawa, Y.; Kato, T.; Kimura, Y.; Miyazaki, S.; Miura, R.; Ishida, H.

    1988-01-01

    Four patients with acute leukemia were found to have candidal abscess of liver and spleen. CT and US showed hepatosplenomegaly and microabscess. These findings might be useful in diagnosis of visceral candidiasis. (author)

  12. Unusually high incidence of multifocal epithelial hyperplasia in children of the Nahuatl population of Mexico.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ledesma-Montes, Constantino; Mendez-Mendoza, Amilcar

    2017-01-01

    Multifocal epithelial hyperplasia is an uncommon disease of the oral mucosa caused by the human papilloma virus. To study the clinical and pathological findings of multifocal epithelial hyperplasia detected during an oral examination of 343 Mexican Nahuatl children from a single primary school in El Paso de Cupilco, Mexico. A thorough oral examination was performed in all children and clinical data (age, gender, location and number of lesions) were documented and analyzed. Multifocal epithelial hyperplasia was diagnosed in 110 of the 343 children (32.3%). The ages of the children varied from 5 to 15 years, and of these, 56.3% were girls. The lesions were asymptomatic, 0.2 to 3.0 cm in diameter, soft, round to oval, smooth surfaced, sessile papulonodules, similar in colour to that of the surrounding mucosa. The lesions were commonly seen on the buccal mucosa and tongue, and most affected children (85%) had less than 5 lesions. Children in the 7 to 10 years age group were most often affected. Human papillomavirus typing was not done owing to a lack of facilities. There is a high incidence of multifocal epithelial hyperplasia in Nahuatl children with a predilection for females.

  13. Basic characterization of normal multifocal electroretinogram

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Fernandez Cherkasova, Lilia; Rojas Rondon, Irene; Castro Perez, Pedro Daniel; Lopez Felipe, Daniel; Santiesteban Freixas, Rosaralis; Mendoza Santiesteban, Carlos E

    2008-01-01

    A scientific literature review was made on the novel multifocal electroretinogram technique, the involved cell mechanisms and some of the factors modifying its results together with the form of presentation. The basic characteristics of this electrophysiological record obtained from several regions of the retina of normal subjects is important in order to create at a small scale a comparative database to evaluate pathological eye tracing. All this will greatly help in early less invasive electrodiagnosis of localized retinal lesions. (Author)

  14. Optical implementation of multifocal programmable lens with single and multiple axes

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Romero, Lenny A; Millan, Maria S; Perez-Cabre, Elisabet, E-mail: lenny.alexandra.romero@upc.edu [Optics and Optometry Dep. Technical University of Catalonia Violinista Vellsola 37, 08222 Terrassa (Spain)

    2011-01-01

    In this work we analyse the generation of a diffractive optical element (DOE) consisting of a multifocal Fresnel lens by means of an LCoS (liquid cristal on silicon) spatial light modulator (SLM). The multifocal lens is composed of a set of lenses of different focal length that share a common optical axis (coaxial combination) or have different axes in parallel (multi-axis combination). For both configurations, we present several ways to combine the phase distributions for three lenses with different focal lengths (f1, f2, f3), into a single-phase distribution addressed to the SLM. Numerical simulations were carried out along with the experimental analysis to corroborate the results.

  15. Efetividade de programa de agentes comunitários na promoção da saúde bucal Efectividad del programa de agentes comunitarios en la promoción de la salud bucal Effectiveness of a community health worker program on oral health promotion

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paulo Frazão

    2009-06-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO:Avaliar mudanças em conhecimentos, atitudes e acesso/utilização de serviços odontológicos decorrentes de um programa de promoção da saúde bucal com agentes comunitários de saúde. MÉTODOS:Um projeto de capacitação combinando ensino-aprendizagem, apoio e supervisão, foi desenvolvido entre os meses de julho de 2003 a agosto de 2004. As mudanças foram avaliadas por meio de entrevistas estruturadas em que participaram 36 agentes comunitários de saúde e uma amostra de 91 mulheres e mães, representativa de donas de casa com 25 a 39 anos de idade, alfabetizadas e residentes em domicílios de três a seis cômodos no município de Rio Grande da Serra (SP. Foram colhidos dados sobre conhecimentos de saúde-doença bucal, práticas e capacidades auto-referidas em relação ao auto-exame, higiene bucal, número de residentes e de escovas dentais individuais e coletivas em cada domicílio e acesso e uso de serviços odontológicos. Por meio do teste t de Student pareado, foram comparadas as médias dos valores obtidos antes e depois do programa para cada um dos grupos estudados. As respostas foram analisadas adotando-se um nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: Foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas para questões relativas ao conhecimento de saúde bucal entre os agentes e entre as mulheres antes e depois da capacitação (pOBJETIVO: Evaluar cambios en conocimientos, actitudes y acceso/utilización de servicios odontológicos productos de un programa de promoción de la salud bucal con agentes comunitarios de salud. MÉTODOS: Un proyecto de capacitación combinando enseñanza-aprendizaje, apoyo y supervisión, fue desarrollado entre los meses de julio de 2003 a agosto de 2004. Los cambios fueron evaluados por medio de entrevistas estructuradas en las que participaron 36 agentes comunitarios de salud y una muestra representativa de 91 mujeres y madres amas de casa con 25 a 39 años de edad, alfabetizadas

  16. US and MR imaging of candidiasis of the nervous system in premature infants: two case reports

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kim, Kyo Nam; Woo, Joung Joo; Bahk, Yong Whee; Kim, Soon Yong; Kim, Eun Ryoung [Sungae Hospital, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

    2001-07-01

    Candidiasis of central nervous system (CNS) is rare condition and like other opportunistic fungal infections, most commonly occurs in immune-compromised patients. Because of the increasing use of antibiotics and the improving survival rate of premature infants requiring intensive care, the incidence of fungal infection in the brain has increased. We report the findings of ultrasonography and MR imaging in two cases of candidiasis of the CNS in premature infants.

  17. US and MR imaging of candidiasis of the nervous system in premature infants: two case reports

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kim, Kyo Nam; Woo, Joung Joo; Bahk, Yong Whee; Kim, Soon Yong; Kim, Eun Ryoung

    2001-01-01

    Candidiasis of central nervous system (CNS) is rare condition and like other opportunistic fungal infections, most commonly occurs in immune-compromised patients. Because of the increasing use of antibiotics and the improving survival rate of premature infants requiring intensive care, the incidence of fungal infection in the brain has increased. We report the findings of ultrasonography and MR imaging in two cases of candidiasis of the CNS in premature infants

  18. Clinical and patient-reported outcomes of bilateral implantation of a +2.5 diopter multifocal intraocular lens.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Maxwell, Andrew; Holland, Edward; Cibik, Lisa; Fakadej, Anna; Foster, Gary; Grosinger, Les; Moyes, Andrew; Nielsen, Stephen; Silverstein, Steven; Toyos, Melissa; Weinstein, Arthur; Hartzell, Scott

    2017-01-01

    To assess the effectiveness and safety of a multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) with +2.5 diopter (D) additional power compared with a monofocal IOL. Fifteen sites in the United States. Prospective randomized patient- and observer-masked clinical trial. Randomized patients received multifocal or monofocal IOLs bilaterally. Visual acuity (33 cm, 40 cm, 53 cm, 60 cm, 4 m) was measured; safety was assessed through adverse event rates. Patient-reported visual outcomes were evaluated using the Visual Tasks questionnaire. The frequency and severity of visual disturbances were evaluated using the Assessment of Photic Phenomena and Lens EffectS questionnaire. The multifocal IOL (n = 155) provided better corrected distance visual acuity at 53 cm than the monofocal IOL (n = 165) (0.322 versus 0.512 logMAR; between-group difference, -0.190 logMAR; P < .0001) and 40 cm but not at 4 m. Ocular adverse event rates were less than 3.84% in both groups. Serious adverse event rates were comparable between the 2 IOL types. Patients with multifocal IOLs reported less difficulty with near tasks (with and without correction) and intermediate tasks (without correction). Difficulty with extended-intermediate and distance tasks was similar between groups. The most frequently reported self-rated severe phenomena were halos, starbursts, and glare. Most patients (monofocal ≥72%; multifocal ≥73%) reported never experiencing blurred, distorted, or double vision. The +2.5 D multifocal IOL provided better vision at 40 cm and 53 cm and similar vision at 4 m compared with the monofocal IOL. Safety profiles and visual phenomena were comparable between groups. Copyright © 2017 ASCRS and ESCRS. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  19. Rate of candidiasis among HIV-infected children in Spain in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (1997–2008)

    Science.gov (United States)

    2013-01-01

    Background Candidiasis is the most common opportunistic infection seen in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals. The aim of our study was to estimate the candidiasis rate and evaluate its trend in HIV-infected children in Spain during the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) compared to HIV-uninfected children. Methods We carried out a retrospective study. Data were obtained from the records of the Minimum Basic Data Set from hospitals in Spain. All HIV-infected children were under 17 years of age, and a group of HIV-uninfected children with hospital admissions matching the study group by gender and age were randomly selected. The follow-up period (1997–2008) was divided into three calendar periods: a) From 1997 to 1999 for early-period HAART; b) from 2000 to 2002 for mid-period HAART; and c) from 2003 to 2008 for late-period HAART. Results Among children with hospital admissions, HIV-infected children had much higher values than HIV-uninfected children during each of the three calendar periods for overall candidiasis rates (150.0 versus 6.1 events per 1,000 child hospital admissions/year (p candidiasis rate (events per 1,000 HIV-infected children/year) decreased from 1997–1999 to 2000–2002 (18.8 to 10.6; p candidiasis, both non-ICM and ICM rates experienced significant decreases from 1997–1999 to 2003–2008 (15.9 to 5.7 (p candidiasis rate still remains higher than in the general population (from 1997 to 2008), candidiasis diagnoses have decreased among HIV-infected children throughout the HAART era, and it has ceased to be a major health problem among children with HIV infection. PMID:23510319

  20. A Rare Multifocal Pattern of Type 2 Autoimmune Pancreatitis with Negative IgG4: A Potential Diagnostic Pitfall That May Mimic Multifocal Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Partha Hota

    2018-02-01

    Full Text Available Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP is an increasingly recognized form of acute pancreatitis characterized by obstructive jaundice with a rapid and dramatic treatment response to steroid therapy. Recently, AIP has been divided into two distinct phenotypes: lymphoplasmocytic sclerosing pancreatitis AIP (type 1 and idiopathic duct-centric pancreatitis AIP (type 2; each of which have their own distinct demographics, diagnostic criteria, and histopathological features. We report, to the best of our knowledge, the first case of a multifocal pattern of type 2 AIP characterized with both CT and MR imaging. This rare imaging pattern of AIP may mimic the appearance of more worrisome malignant etiologies such as multifocal pancreatic adenocarcinoma or lymphoma, with overlapping imaging characteristics potentially complicating or delaying diagnosis. Therefore, recognition of this atypical pattern of AIP and avoidance of this potential diagnostic pitfall is crucial.

  1. Componente educativo-recreativo-asociativo en estrategias promotoras de salud bucal en preescolares Educational-recreational-associative element of promotion strategies for oral health in children of preschool education.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carmen Julia Álvarez Montero

    2006-08-01

    Full Text Available Se analiza la integración del componente educativo-recreativo-asociativo en las estrategias mediadoras de promoción de salud bucal implementadas en el Preescolar Fuerzas Armadas de Cooperación, Maracaibo, Venezuela. El estado de salud-enfermedad bucal se determinó en una muestra de 32 niños evaluando la caries inicial y manifiesta e índices de placa y gingival. Se conocieron las concepciones de salud bucal de los padres, posteriormente se diseñaron y aplicaron actividades para lograr la resignificación de los conceptos y obtener la adopción de conductas observables en padres y niños, empleando actividades lúdicas, recursos visuales y prácticas guiadas de higiene bucal. Se concluye que el estado de salud bucal de los niños mejoró significativamente luego del aprendizaje obtenido, lo cual se relacionó directamente con las acciones mediadoras implementadas y el compromiso asumido por los padres y docentes. Se recomienda la metodología empleada para planificar nuevas experiencias de enseñanza-aprendizaje.This paper analyzed the integration of the educational-recreational-associative element into the oral health-promoting strategies implemented in the preschool education center named “Fuerzas Armadas de Cooperación”, Maracaibo, Venezuela. The condition of oral health-disease was determined in a sample of 32 children by evaluating initial and manifest caries along with plaque and gingival indexes. The oral health conceptions of the parents were learned, afterwards, some activities were designed and carried out to come to a re-definition of concepts and to achieve adoption of observable behaviours in parents and their children alike by holding games and usisng visual resources and guided practices in oral hygiene. It was concluded that the oral health condition of children improved significantly after the required learning, which directly related with the implemented actions and the commitment by parents and professors. This

  2. Comparing the effects of Calendula officinalis and clotrimazole on vaginal Candidiasis: A randomized controlled trial.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Saffari, Elnaz; Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi, Sakineh; Adibpour, Mohammad; Mirghafourvand, Mojgan; Javadzadeh, Yousef

    2017-01-01

    This triple-blind trial examined the effects of Calendula officinalis vaginal cream on the treatment of vaginal Candidiasis (primary outcome) and sexual function (secondary outcome). Married women aged 18-45 years with vaginal Candidiasis (n = 150) were recruited from April to October 2014 and randomized into Calendula and clotrimazole groups, using 5-g vaginal cream every night for seven nights. Clinical and laboratory assessments were conducted at 10-15 and 30-35 days after intervention and the female sexual function index was assessed at 30-35 days. Six women were lost to follow-up. The frequency of testing negative for Candidiasis in the Calendula group was significantly lower at the first (49% vs. 74%; odds ratio (OR) 0.32; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.16-0.67) but higher at the second (77% vs. 34%; OR 3.1; 95% CI 1.5-6.2) follow-up compared to the clotrimazole group. The frequency of most signs and symptoms were almost equal in the two groups at the first follow-up, but were significantly lower in the Calendula group at the second follow-up. Sexual function had almost equal significant improvement in both groups. Calendula vaginal cream appears to have been effective in the treatment of vaginal Candidiasis and to have a delayed but greater long-term effect compared to clotrimazole.

  3. Multifocal Langerhans cell sarcoma involving epidermis: a case report and review

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    Wang Changsong

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Objective To study the clinico-pathological characteristics of Langerhans cell sarcoma (LCS which involving epidermis. Methods A case of primary multifocal LCS was analyzed in histopathology and immunophenotype. Results A 41-year-old man with multifocal cutaneous LCS involving the inguina and waist was reported. Clinical and pathology data were available. Neoplastic cells with markedly malignant cytological features were observed. Tumor cells exhibited irregular shape with abundant and eosinophilic red staining cytoplasm; large, irregular-shaped, showing lobulated or dented nucleus and some cells with a longitudinal nuclear groove and prominent nucleoli. The tumor cells expressed CD1a, Langerin (CD207, S-100 protein, CD68 and vimentin, and did not express pan-T or B cell markers and epithelial markers. The patient died less than 1 year after diagnosis due to local recurrence and metastasis to the lung, despite the administration of local radiation and chemotherapy. Conclusions LCS is a tumor with markedly malignant cytological features that originates from Langerhans cells. Primary multifocal neoplasms involving epidermis is even rare. Accurate diagnosis is based on the histopathological and immunohistochemical of the tumor cells. Virtual slide The virtual slide(s for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1182345104754765.

  4. Validity of automated refraction after segmented refractive multifocal intraocular lens implantation

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    César Albarrán-Diego

    2017-11-01

    Full Text Available AIM: To evaluate the clinical utility of automated refraction (AR and keratometry (KR compared with subjective or manifest refraction (MR after cataract or refractive lens exchange surgery with implantation of Lentis Mplus X (Oculentis GmbH refractive multifocal intraocular lens (IOL. METHODS: Eighty-six eyes implanted with the Lentis Mplus X multifocal IOL were included. MR was performed in all patients followed by three consecutive AR measurements using the Topcon KR-8000 autorefractor. Assessment of repeatability of consecutive AR before and after dilation with phenylephrine 10%, and comparison of the AR and KR with MR using vector analysis were performed at 3mo follow-up. RESULTS: Analysis showed excellent repeatability of the AR measurements. Linear regression of AR versus MR showed good correlation for sphere and spherical equivalent, whereas the correlation for astigmatism was low. The mean difference AR-MR was -1.28±0.29 diopters (D for sphere. Astigmatism showed better correlation between KR and MR. CONCLUSION: We suggest AR sphere plus 1.25 D and the KR cylinder as the starting point for MR in eyes with a Lentis Mplus X multifocal IOL. If AR measurements are equal to MR, decentration of the IOL should be suspected.

  5. Mammary candidiasis: molecular-based detection of Candida species in human milk samples.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mutschlechner, W; Karall, D; Hartmann, C; Streiter, B; Baumgartner-Sigl, S; Orth-Höller, D; Lass-Flörl, C

    2016-08-01

    In this prospective and monocentric study, we investigated the performance of a commercialized real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test system for the specific detection of DNA from Candida albicans, C. dubliniensis, C. glabrata, C. krusei, C. lusitaniae, C. parapsilosis, and C. tropicalis in human milk samples of patients suspicious of mammary candidiasis. For this purpose, 43 breast-feeding women with characteristic symptoms of mammary candidiasis and 40 asymptomatic controls were enrolled. By culture, Candida spp. were detected in 8.8 % (4/46) and 9.3 % (4/43) of patient and control samples, respectively. Candida albicans (2/46), C. parapsilosis (1/46), and C. guilliermondii (1/46) were present in patient samples, and C. lusitaniae (3/43) and C. guilliermondii (1/43) were present in the controls. After RT-PCR was applied, Candida spp. were found to be present in 67.4 % (31/46) and 79.1 % (34/43) of patient and control samples investigated, respectively. PCR detection of C. albicans and C. parapsilosis revealed only a low sensitivity and specificity of 67.4 % and 41.9 %, respectively. Our data do not support the use of Candida RT-PCR for sensitive and specific diagnosis of mammary candidiasis.

  6. Th17 cells and IL-17 in protective immunity to vaginal candidiasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pietrella, Donatella; Rachini, Anna; Pines, Mark; Pandey, Neelam; Mosci, Paolo; Bistoni, Francesco; d'Enfert, Cristophe; Vecchiarelli, Anna

    2011-01-01

    Th17 cells play a major role in coordinating the host defence in oropharyngeal candidiasis. In this study we investigated the involvement of the Th17 response in an animal model of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). To monitor the course of infection we exploited a new in vivo imaging technique. i) The progression of VVC leads to a strong influx of neutrophils in the vagina soon after the challenge which persisted despite the resolution of infection; ii) IL-17, produced by vaginal cells, particularly CD4 T cells, was detected in the vaginal wash during the infection, reaching a maximum 14 days after the challenge; iii) The amount and kinetics of IL-23 in vaginal fluids were comparable to those in vaginal cells; iv) The inhibition of Th17 differentiation led to significant inhibition of IL-17 production with consequent exacerbation of infection; v) An increased production of βdefensin 2 was manifested in cells of infected mice. This production was strongly reduced when Th17 differentiation was inhibited and was increased by rIL-17 treatment. These results imply that IL-17 and Th17, along with innate antimicrobial factors, have a role in the immune response to vaginal candidiasis.

  7. Indocyanine Green Angiographic and Multifocal Electroretinographic Features in the Diffuse and Regional Form of Bietti′s Crystalline Retinopathy

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    Libin Jiang; Feng Wen; Lezheng Wu; Hong Yan; Shixing Hu

    2002-01-01

    Prpose: To observe different features of indocyanine green angiography(ICGA) andtifocal electroretinography (ERG) in the diffuse and regional type of Bieti′sc stalline retinopathy (BCR). Thods: ICGA and the multifocal ERG were performed in two cases of the diffuse andregional type of BCR respectively. These data were compared with fluoresceinangiography (FA), standard Ganzfeld ERG, and visual field testing. Results: In the regional case, ICGA revealed reduced perfusion of the choroidalcirculation in the early phase and multiple hypofluorescent spots in the posterior pole in the late phase, due to choriocapillaris filling defect; the extent of choroiocapillaris losswas shown in early phase of ICGA and there were multifocal hyperfluorescent dotssurrounding hypofluorescent spots in late phase in the diffuse case. The multifocal ERGshowed that the central responses were markedly depressed, corresponding to the visualfield defects, while the findings of Ganzfeld ERG were normal in the regional BCR;however, both the multifocal ERG and Ganzfeld ERG were severely subnormal in thediffuse case.Conclusions: The features of ICGA and multifocal ERG are different between the diffuseand regional BCR. In the meantime, the two tools are also useful to differentiate the typeand assess the extentof evolution in BCR.

  8. Exoenzyme activity and possibility identification of Candida dubliniensis among Candida albicans species isolated from vaginal candidiasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jafari, Maryam; Salari, Samira; Pakshir, Keyvan; Zomorodian, Kamiar

    2017-09-01

    Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) or vaginal candidiasis is a common fungal infection of the genitals causing inflammation, irritation, itching, and vaginal discharge. Common yeast infections are caused by the yeast species C. albicans. However, there are other species of Candida such as C. dubliniensis which are considered as the causative agents of this infection. Hydrolytic enzymes such as proteinase and coagulase are known as virulence factors. The aim of this study was the molecular confirmation and differentiation of C. dubliniensis among C. albicans strains isolated from women with vulvovaginal candidiasis by PCR-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and the evaluation of proteinase and coagulase activities. A total of 100 C. albicans strains isolated from women with vulvovaginal candidiasis referred to Shiraz medical clinics were enrolled in the study. All the isolates were primarily identified by conventional methods. PCR-RFLP method was used for the confirmation and identification of C. albicans and C. dubliniensis. Moreover, in vitro proteinase and coagulase activities of these isolates were evaluated using bovine serum albumin media and classical rabbit plasma tube test. As a result, PCR-RFLP identified 100% of the isolates as C. albicans, and no C. dubliniensis could be identified in this study. 84% of the isolates showed proteinase activity, whereas coagulase activity was only detected in 5% of the isolates. This study reveals that C. dubliniensis plays no role in vaginal candidiasis in Iranian patients. Proteinase production could be an essential virulence factor in C. albicans pathogenicity, but coagulase activity has less potential in this matter. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  9. Disseminated cryptococcosis and fluconazole resistant oral candidiasis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kothavade, Rajendra J; Oberai, Chetan M; Valand, Arvind G; Panthaki, Mehroo H

    2010-10-28

    Disseminated cryptococcosis and recurrent oral candidiasis was presented in a-heterosexual AIDS patient. Candida tropicalis (C.tropicalis) was isolated from the oral pseudomembranous plaques and Cryptococcus neoformans (C. neoformans) was isolated from maculopapular lesions on body parts (face, hands and chest) and body fluids (urine, expectorated sputum, and cerebrospinal fluid). In vitro drug susceptibility testing on the yeast isolates demonstrated resistance to fluconazole acquired by C. tropicalis which was a suggestive possible root cause of recurrent oral candidiasis in this patient.

  10. Saúde bucal no EpiFloripa: estudo prospectivo das condições de saúde de adultos de Florianópolis, Sul do Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marco Aurelio Peres

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Descrever a metodologia e desafios de estudos de saúde bucal, inseridos em uma coorte prospectiva de adultos. Métodos: Foi obtida uma amostra de 2.016 adultos residentes em Florianópolis em 2009. Visitas domiciliares foram realizadas para a aplicação de um questionário sobre condições socioeconômicas e demográficas, de saúde geral, uso de serviços e de medicamentos, doação de sangue, violência doméstica e uma seção relativa à saúde da mulher. Informações sobre saúde bucal incluíram autoavaliação de seu estado, número de dentes, uso de serviços, percepção de necessidade de tratamento, ocorrência, intensidade e impacto nas atividades diárias da dor dentária, sintomas de xerostomia e dificuldade de alimentação em virtude de problemas bucais. Adicionalmente, aferiram-se a pressão arterial e medidas antropométricas. Em 2012, ocorreu a segunda onda do estudo, na qual foi aplicado um questionário sobre questões socioeconômicas, qualidade de vida, experiências discriminatórias, recordatório alimentar de 24 horas e de saúde bucal. Além disso, foi aferida a pressão arterial, medidas antropométricas, e foram realizados exames bucais (cárie, perdas dentárias e condições periodontais. Resultados: A taxa de participação foi de 85,3% (n = 1.720 em 2009 e, destes, 1.222 (71,1% foram investigados em 2012. Conclusões: A continuidade do estudo poderá contribuir para a elucidação da causalidade de associações entre condições de saude bucal e agravos e doencas cronicas.

  11. Carcinoma escamocelular bucal diagnosticado precozmente Oral squamocellular carcinoma with early diagnosis

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    Leandro Napier de Souza

    2010-09-01

    Full Text Available El carcinoma escamocelular es la neoplasia maligna más común en la cavidad bucal. Los sitios anatómicos más frecuentemente afectados son el labio inferior, los bordes laterales de lengua y el suelo de la boca. Su etiología es multifactorial, aunque está íntimamente relacionada con factores ambientales como el tabaquismo y el alcoholismo. El cuadro clínico se caracteriza generalmente por la presencia de placas blancas, placas eritematosas, placas entre eritematosas y blancas, úlceras de bordes levantados y masas exofíticas. El tratamiento consiste en la extirpación quirúrgica, la radioterapia, quimioterapia o ambos tratamientos. Este artículo presenta un caso de carcinoma escamocelular bucal en un paciente del sexo masculino, de 70 años de edad. En el mismo se describen los hallazgos clínicos, histopatológicos y el tratamiento correspondiente del caso. El diagnóstico precoz y correcto posibilitó la cura en este caso.The squamocellular carcinoma is a malignant neoplasm commonest in the buccal cavity. The more frequently involved anatomical sites are the lower lip, the tongue's lateral edges and the mouth floor. Its etiology is multifactor although it is closely related to smoking and alcoholism. Clinical picture is generally characterized by the presence of different types of white, erythematous, between erythematous and white plaques, ulcers with raised edges and exophytic masses. Treatment includes surgical removal, radiotherapy, chemotherapy or both. In present paper the case of a man aged 70 presenting with buccal squamous carcinoma describing the clinical, and the histopathologic findings and its corresponding treatment. The early and appropriate diagnosis allowed the cure of this case.

  12. Predictability of uncontrollable multifocal seizures - towards new treatment options

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lehnertz, Klaus; Dickten, Henning; Porz, Stephan; Helmstaedter, Christoph; Elger, Christian E.

    2016-04-01

    Drug-resistant, multifocal, non-resectable epilepsies are among the most difficult epileptic disorders to manage. An approach to control previously uncontrollable seizures in epilepsy patients would consist of identifying seizure precursors in critical brain areas combined with delivering a counteracting influence to prevent seizure generation. Predictability of seizures with acceptable levels of sensitivity and specificity, even in an ambulatory setting, has been repeatedly shown, however, in patients with a single seizure focus only. We did a study to assess feasibility of state-of-the-art, electroencephalogram-based seizure-prediction techniques in patients with uncontrollable multifocal seizures. We obtained significant predictive information about upcoming seizures in more than two thirds of patients. Unexpectedly, the emergence of seizure precursors was confined to non-affected brain areas. Our findings clearly indicate that epileptic networks, spanning lobes and hemispheres, underlie generation of seizures. Our proof-of-concept study is an important milestone towards new therapeutic strategies based on seizure-prediction techniques for clinical practice.

  13. Imaging manifestations of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Shah, R.; Bag, A.K.; Chapman, P.R.; Cure, J.K.

    2010-01-01

    Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a demyelinating disease caused by reactivation of JC virus in immunosuppressed patients. The diagnosis is usually suggested on imaging and confirmed by cerebrospinal fluid polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for JC virus DNA. In this article, we review the imaging manifestations of PML on computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), MR spectroscopy, single photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron-emission tomography (PET), and outline the role of imaging in follow-up and prognostication.

  14. [Clinical results after implantation of a new segmental refractive multifocal intraocular lens].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Thomas, B C; Auffarth, G U; Philips, R; Novák, J; Blazek, J; Adamkova, H; Rabsilber, T M

    2013-11-01

    The aim of the study was a clinical evaluation of an intraocular lens (IOL) with a segmental multifocal optic design and near addition of + 3.0 D as part of a CE approval study. In a multicenter study the LENTIS Mplus LS-312 MF IOL (Oculentis) was implanted in 134 eyes of 79 patients with a mean age of 68 ± 12 years. The multifocality is achieved by implementation of a distance part and a segmented near sector. Three months after surgery, uncorrected and best corrected distance visual acuity (UCDVA and BCDVA, respectively), near visual acuity (UCNVA and BCNVA, respectively), contrast vision and patient satisfaction (questionnaire) were evaluated. The IOLs were implanted uneventfully either unilaterally or bilaterally and 3 months postoperatively (n = 86 eyes) the following mean visual acuities were obtained (logMAR): UCDVA = 0.05, BCDVA = - 0.01, UCNVA = 0.09 and BCNVA = 0.02. Contrast sensitivity (n = 25 eyes) was within normal limits. Of the 66 questioned patients 10.6% spontaneously reported halos and 3% glare. This new innovative multifocal IOL concept showed very good functional results as well as high patient satisfaction.

  15. Self-Adjuvanting Glycopeptide Conjugate Vaccine against Disseminated Candidiasis

    Science.gov (United States)

    Xin, Hong; Cartmell, Jonathan; Bailey, Justin J.; Dziadek, Sebastian; Bundle, David R.; Cutler, Jim E.

    2012-01-01

    Our research on pathogenesis of disseminated candidiasis led to the discovery that antibodies specific for Candida albicans cell surface β-1, 2–mannotriose [β-(Man)3] protect mice. A 14 mer peptide Fba, which derived from the N-terminal portion of the C. albicans cytosolic/cell surface protein fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, was used as the glycan carrier and resulted in a novel synthetic glycopeptide vaccine β-(Man)3-Fba. By a dendritic cell-based immunization approach, this conjugate induced protective antibody responses against both the glycan and peptide parts of the vaccine. In this report, we modified the β-(Man)3-Fba conjugate by coupling it to tetanus toxoid (TT) in order to improve immunogenicity and allow for use of an adjuvant suitable for human use. By new immunization procedures entirely compatible with human use, the modified β-(Man)3-Fba-TT was administered either alone or as a mixture made with alum or monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) adjuvants and given to mice by a subcutaneous (s.c.) route. Mice vaccinated with or, surprisingly, without adjuvant responded well by making robust antibody responses. The immunized groups showed a high degree of protection against a lethal challenge with C. albicans as evidenced by increased survival times and reduced kidney fungal burden as compared to control groups that received only adjuvant or DPBS buffer prior to challenge. To confirm that induced antibodies were protective, sera from mice immunized against the β-(Man)3-Fba-TT conjugate transferred protection against disseminated candidiasis to naïve mice, whereas C. albicans-absorbed immune sera did not. Similar antibody responses and protection induced by the β-(Man)3-Fba-TT vaccine was observed in inbred BALB/c and outbred Swiss Webster mice. We conclude that addition of TT to the glycopeptide conjugate results in a self-adjuvanting vaccine that promotes robust antibody responses without the need for additional adjuvant, which is novel and represents a

  16. TRADUCCIÓN AL ESPAÑOL Y VALIDACIÓN DEL CUESTIONARIO DE CREENCIAS EN SALUD BUCAL PARA CUIDADORES (DCBS-SP

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Constanza Garrido Urrutia

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Fundamentos: Los cuidadores de personas discapacitadas, dependientes, de adultos mayores institucionalizados y hospitalizados deben proveer el cuidado bucal de los pacientes a su cargo, por lo que es necesario contar con un instrumento en español que permita medir las creencias en salud bucal de los cuidadores. El objetivo de esta investigación fue traducir al español el Cuestionario Nursing Dental Coping Belifes Scale (Nursing DCBS y validarlo para su uso en cuidadores de habla hispana. Métodos: El Cuestionario Nursing DCBS fue traducido al español y realizada su adaptabilidad lingüística. Un grupo de expertos realizó su validación por apariencia y contenido. Se llevó a cabo una prueba piloto del cuestionario en español en un grupo de 118 estudiantes de la carrera de técnico en asistente de enfermería de dos institutos profesionales. Se analizó la confiabilidad del instrumento mediante la consistencia interna con el Alfa Cronbach y su estabilidad mediante el Coeficiente de Correlación Intraclase (CCI. Resultados: La evaluación de su consistencia interna mostró valores Alfa para el cuestionario completo de 0,64 y la evaluación de su estabilidad de medición mostró un valor de CCI de 0,5. Conclusiones: El DCBS-Sp para cuidadores es un cuestionario que presenta una consistencia interna que permite recomendarlo como instrumento de medición de creencias en salud bucal de personas que desempeñen el rol de cuidadores. Sin embargo, futuras investigaciones deben reevaluar sus características psicométricas, en especial su estabilidad como instrumento.

  17. Duodenal White Spots Mimicking Intestinal Candidiasis: Report of Case

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    Ozgur Turk

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Duodenal white spots are mentioned in these nonspecific lesions until recently. Although there is not enough studies about duedonal white spots yet; these lesions described in a separate syndrome. Here now we reported a case that we diagnosed multiple Duodenal white spots mimicking intestinal candidiasis. Clinical manifestation and endoscopic appearance of lesions gave rise to thought intestinal candidiasis histopathological examination revealed us several duodenitis. There was no evidence of fungal infection in PAS staining. Early after endoscopy patient took treatment of Lansoprozole at the 30 mg dose and bismuth salicylate. Patients compliant declined and control endoscopy exposed white duodenal spots cleared away three months later. Duodenal white spots are becoming to be designated as a separate disease even a syndrome. Etiology of duodenal white spots must be determined carefully during endoscopy. Sometimes it is difficult to make the correct diagnosis by appearance of lesion; in such cases histopathological examination can be useful both differential diagnosis of disease and determination of etiological factor. [J Contemp Med 2015; 5(4.000: 249-252

  18. Atribuições dos Técnicos em Saúde Bucal na Estratégia Saúde da Família em Minas Gerais, Brasil

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    Carla Aparecida Sanglard-Oliveira

    2013-08-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o autorrelato de funções executadas pelos Técnicos em Saúde Bucal no Estado de Minas Gerais. Estudo transversal e descritivo, realizado por meio de entrevista telefônica, com amostra representativa de 231 trabalhadores. A análise descritiva envolveu cálculo de proporções. Observou-se que 71,6% (IC 95%, 64,4-77,5 realizavam polimento coronário, 63,2% (IC 95%, 56,1-69,7 faziam raspagem de cálculo e 14,7% (IC 95%, 10,3-20,4 condensavam e inseriam materiais restauradores. Em relação às ações preventivas/coletivas, 100% (IC 95%, 97,6-100,0 participavam de ações educativas, 99,0% (IC 95%, 96,1-99,8 demonstravam técnicas de higiene bucal, 96,6% (IC 95%, 92,7-98,4 realizavam a aplicação tópica de flúor, 77,9% (IC 95%, 71,5-83,3 realizavam visitas domiciliares, e 96,6% (IC 95%, 92,7-98,4 realizavam ações coletivas, principalmente em escolas. Os Técnicos em Saúde Bucal têm desprendido seu tempo mais em atividades preventivas/coletivas do que em atividades assistenciais.

  19. Tabaquismo, higiene bucal y periodontopatías inmunoinflamatorias crónicas en adultos del municipio Guanajay Smoking, oral higiene and chronic immunoinflammatory periodontopathies in adults of Guanajay municipality

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eladio Miguel Traviesas Herrera

    2007-03-01

    Full Text Available El tabaquismo ha sido identificado como el factor de riesgo ambiental más significativo en la enfermedad periodontal destructiva. Se realizó un estudio no experimental que comenzó prospectivo y continuó descriptivo; la muestra fue intencional de sujetos tipo, voluntarios, y la constituyeron 214 pacientes fumadores mayores de 19 años. Se agruparon los individuos atendiendo a la edad, grado de higiene bucal, estado periodontal y cantidad de cigarrillos que consumen diariamente. Se realizó una encuesta y el examen bucal a todos los que aprobaron formar parte de la muestra, se aplicaron los índices de higiene bucal de Greene y Vermillon y el índice periodontal de Russell, ambos revisados por la OMS. En nuestro estudio pudimos determinar que la prevalencia de la enfermedad periodontal fue del 100 % de los examinados, la higiene bucal de los fumadores se encontró muy comprometida, al aparecer en dicha población predominio del cálculo en una mayor extensión. La intensidad del tabaquismo a medida que aumenta reporta mayores daños en la higiene bucal, así como en el estado periodontal.Smoking has been identified as the most significant environmental risk factor in destructive periodontal disease. A non-experimental study, which was firstly prospective and later descriptive, was conducted; the sample was intentional and composed of 214 voluntary smoker patients over 19 years of age. The individuals were grouped according to age, degree of oral hygiene, periodontal status and number of cigarettes that they smoked daily. A survey and an oral exam were applied to all those who agreed to be included in the sample. Greene and Vermilton oral hygiene indexes as well as Russell´s periodontal index, both revised by WHO, were used. Our study could determine that prevalence of periodontal disease was 100% in tested patients, their oral hygiene was very poor since calculus was predominantly extended in this population. As smoking intensity increases

  20. [Accuracy of three methods for the rapid diagnosis of oral candidiasis].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lyu, X; Zhao, C; Yan, Z M; Hua, H

    2016-10-09

    Objective: To explore a simple, rapid and efficient method for the diagnosis of oral candidiasis in clinical practice. Methods: Totally 124 consecutive patients with suspected oral candidiasis were enrolled from Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China. Exfoliated cells of oral mucosa and saliva or concentrated oral rinse) obtained from all participants were tested by three rapid smear methods(10% KOH smear, gram-stained smear, Congo red stained smear). The diagnostic efficacy(sensitivity, specificity, Youden's index, likelihood ratio, consistency, predictive value and area under curve(AUC) of each of the above mentioned three methods was assessed by comparing the results with the gold standard(combination of clinical diagnosis, laboratory diagnosis and expert opinion). Results: Gram-stained smear of saliva(or concentrated oral rinse) demonstrated highest sensitivity(82.3%). Test of 10%KOH smear of exfoliated cells showed highest specificity(93.5%). Congo red stained smear of saliva(or concentrated oral rinse) displayed highest diagnostic efficacy(79.0% sensitivity, 80.6% specificity, 0.60 Youden's index, 4.08 positive likelihood ratio, 0.26 negative likelihood ratio, 80% consistency, 80.3% positive predictive value, 79.4% negative predictive value and 0.80 AUC). Conclusions: Test of Congo red stained smear of saliva(or concentrated oral rinse) could be used as a point-of-care tool for the rapid diagnosis of oral candidiasis in clinical practice. Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR-DDD-16008118.

  1. Chest wall resection for multifocal osseous haemangioma.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Weinandt, Marthe; Legras, Antoine; Mordant, Pierre; Le Pimpec Barthes, Françoise

    2016-02-01

    Intraosseous haemangioma is a rare and benign primary tumour of the bone. We report the case of a 76-year old woman who presented the exceptional condition of multifocal cavernous haemangiomas involving the spine and the ribs, requiring spinal and chest wall resections to confirm the diagnosis and treat the symptoms. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. All rights reserved.

  2. Pseudomembranous candidiasis in patient wearing full denture

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    Nurdiana Nurdiana

    2009-06-01

    Full Text Available Background: Oral candidiasis is a common opportunistic infection of the oral cavity caused by an overgrowth of Candida species, the commonest being Candida albicans. Candida albicans is a harmless commensal organism inhabiting the mouths but it can change into pathogen and invade tissue and cause acute and chronic disease. Dentures predispose to infection with Candida in as many as 65% of elderly people wearing full upper dentures. Purpose: The purpose of this case report is to discuss thrush in patient wearing full denture which rapidly developed. Case: This paper report a case of 57 year-old man who came to the Oral Medicine Clinic Faculty of Dentistry Airlangga University with clinical appearance of pseudomembranous candidiasis (thrush. Case Management: Diagnosis of this case is confirmed with microbiology examination. Patient was wearing full upper dentures, and from anamnesis known that patient wearing denture for 24 hours and he had poor oral hygiene. Patient was treated with topical (nystatin oral suspension and miconazole oral gel and systemic (ketoconazole antifungal. Patient also instructed not to wear his denture and cleaned white pseudomembrane on his mouth with soft toothbrush. Conclusion: Denture, habit of wearing denture for 24 hours, and poor oral hygiene are predisposing factors of thrush and it can healed completely after treated with topical and systemic antifungal.

  3. N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids of Marine Origin and Multifocality in Human Breast Cancer.

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    Lobna Ouldamer

    Full Text Available The microenvironment of breast epithelial tissue may contribute to the clinical expression of breast cancer. Breast epithelial tissue, whether healthy or tumoral, is directly in contact with fat cells, which in turn could influence tumor multifocality. In this pilot study we investigated whether the fatty acid composition of breast adipose tissue differed according to breast cancer focality.Twenty-three consecutive women presenting with non-metastatic breast cancer underwent breast-imaging procedures including Magnetic Resonance Imaging prior to treatment. Breast adipose tissue specimens were collected during breast surgery. We established a biochemical profile of adipose tissue fatty acids by gas chromatography. We assessed whether there were differences according to breast cancer focality.We found that decreased levels in breast adipose tissue of docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids, the two main polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids of marine origin, were associated with multifocality.These differences in lipid content may contribute to mechanisms through which peritumoral adipose tissue fuels breast cancer multifocality.

  4. N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids of Marine Origin and Multifocality in Human Breast Cancer.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ouldamer, Lobna; Goupille, Caroline; Vildé, Anne; Arbion, Flavie; Body, Gilles; Chevalier, Stephan; Cottier, Jean Philippe; Bougnoux, Philippe

    2016-01-01

    The microenvironment of breast epithelial tissue may contribute to the clinical expression of breast cancer. Breast epithelial tissue, whether healthy or tumoral, is directly in contact with fat cells, which in turn could influence tumor multifocality. In this pilot study we investigated whether the fatty acid composition of breast adipose tissue differed according to breast cancer focality. Twenty-three consecutive women presenting with non-metastatic breast cancer underwent breast-imaging procedures including Magnetic Resonance Imaging prior to treatment. Breast adipose tissue specimens were collected during breast surgery. We established a biochemical profile of adipose tissue fatty acids by gas chromatography. We assessed whether there were differences according to breast cancer focality. We found that decreased levels in breast adipose tissue of docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids, the two main polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids of marine origin, were associated with multifocality. These differences in lipid content may contribute to mechanisms through which peritumoral adipose tissue fuels breast cancer multifocality.

  5. Nonsyndromic Synchronous Multifocal Central Giant Cell Granulomas of the Maxillofacial Region: Report of a Case.

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    Anita Munde

    2015-04-01

    Full Text Available Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG is a benign proliferation of fibroblasts and multinucleated giant cells that almost exclusively occurs in the jaws. It commonly occurs in young adults showing a female predilection in the anterior mandible. Multifocal CGCGs in maxillofacial region are very rare and suggestive of systemic diseases such as hyperparathyroidism, an inherited syndrome such as Noonan-like multiple giant cell lesion syndrome or other disorders. Only 10 cases of multifocal CGCGs in the maxillofacial region without any concomitant systemic disease have been reported in the English literature. Here, we report an unusual case of 36 year-old female presented with non-syndromic synchronous, multifocal CGCGs in the left posterior mandible and left posterior maxilla without any concomitant systemic disease. Relevant literature is reviewed and the incidence, clinical features, radiological features, differential diagnosis and management of CGCGs are discussed.

  6. The effect of vaginal cream containing ginger in users of clotrimazole vaginal cream on vaginal candidiasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shabanian, Sheida; Khalili, Sima; Lorigooini, Zahra; Malekpour, Afsaneh; Heidari-Soureshjani, Saeid

    2017-01-01

    Vulvovaginal candidiasis is one of the most common infections of the genital tract in women that causes many complications. Therefore, we examined the clinical effect of ginger cream along with clotrimazole compared to vaginal clotrimazole alone in this study. This double-blind clinical trial was conducted on 67 women admitted to the Gynecology Clinic of Hajar Hospital with vaginal candidiasis. The patients were divided randomly into two groups of 33 and 34 people. The diagnosis was made according to clinical symptoms, wet smear, and culture. Ginger-clotrimazole vaginal cream 1% and clotrimazole vaginal cream 1% were administered to groups 1 and 2, respectively, once a day for 7 days and therapeutic effects and symptoms were evaluated in readmission. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 22, t -test and Chi-square. The mean value of variables itching ( P > 0.05), burning ( P > 0.05), and cheesy secretion ( P vaginal candidiasis.

  7. Multifocal Synchronous Granular Cell Tumors of the Gastrointestinal Tract

    OpenAIRE

    Lipkin-Moore, Zachary; Thomas, Rebecca M.; Rothstein, Robin D.

    2014-01-01

    Granular cell tumors (GCT) are rare and unusual tumors, which are usually benign and asymptomatic. Only 5?10% of cases involve the gastrointestinal tract, most commonly as singular, non-cancerous lesions in the esophagus. We report a rare case of symptomatic, multifocal, synchronous GCT involving the esophagus, stomach, and cecum.

  8. Efficacy of oral E1210, a new broad-spectrum antifungal with a novel mechanism of action, in murine models of candidiasis, aspergillosis, and fusariosis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hata, Katsura; Horii, Takaaki; Miyazaki, Mamiko; Watanabe, Nao-Aki; Okubo, Miyuki; Sonoda, Jiro; Nakamoto, Kazutaka; Tanaka, Keigo; Shirotori, Syuji; Murai, Norio; Inoue, Satoshi; Matsukura, Masayuki; Abe, Shinya; Yoshimatsu, Kentaro; Asada, Makoto

    2011-10-01

    E1210 is a first-in-class, broad-spectrum antifungal with a novel mechanism of action-inhibition of fungal glycosylphosphatidylinositol biosynthesis. In this study, the efficacies of E1210 and reference antifungals were evaluated in murine models of oropharyngeal and disseminated candidiasis, pulmonary aspergillosis, and disseminated fusariosis. Oral E1210 demonstrated dose-dependent efficacy in infections caused by Candida species, Aspergillus spp., and Fusarium solani. In the treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis, E1210 and fluconazole each caused a significantly greater reduction in the number of oral CFU than the control treatment (P candidiasis model, mice treated with E1210, fluconazole, caspofungin, or liposomal amphotericin B showed significantly higher survival rates than the control mice (P candidiasis caused by azole-resistant Candida albicans or Candida tropicalis. A 24-h delay in treatment onset minimally affected the efficacy outcome of E1210 in the treatment of disseminated candidiasis. In the Aspergillus flavus pulmonary aspergillosis model, mice treated with E1210, voriconazole, or caspofungin showed significantly higher survival rates than the control mice (P candidiasis, pulmonary aspergillosis, and disseminated fusariosis. These data suggest that further studies to determine E1210's potential for the treatment of disseminated fungal infections are indicated.

  9. Hepatosplenic Candidiasis Without Prior Documented Candidemia: An Underrecognized Diagnosis?

    Science.gov (United States)

    van Prehn, Joffrey; Menke-van der Houven van Oordt, C Willemien; de Rooij, Madelon L; Meijer, Ellen; Bomers, Marije K; van Dijk, Karin

    2017-08-01

    Patients with a history of chemotherapy or stem cell transplantation (SCT) and prolonged neutropenia are at risk for hepatic and/or splenic seeding of Candida . In our experience, hepatosplenic candidiasis (HSC) without documented candidemia often remains unrecognized. We describe three cases of HSC without documented candidemia and the challenges in establishing the diagnosis and adequately treating this condition. The first patient had a history of SCT for treatment of breast cancer and was scheduled for hemihepatectomy for suspected liver metastasis. A second opinion at our institute resulted in the diagnosis of hepatic candidiasis without prior documented candidemia, for which she was treated successfully with fluconazole. The second case demonstrates the limitations of (blood and tissue) cultures and the value of molecular methods to confirm the diagnosis. Case 3 illustrates treatment challenges, with ongoing dissemination and insufficient source control despite months of antifungal therapy, eventually resulting in a splenectomy. A structured literature search was performed for articles describing any patient with HSC and documented blood culture results. Thirty articles were available for extraction of data on candidemia and HSC. Seventy percent (131/187) of patients with HSC did not have documented candidemia. The majority of HSC events were described in hematologic patients, although some cases were described in patients with solid tumors treated with SCT ( n  = 1) or chemotherapy and a history of leukopenia ( n  = 2). Current guidelines and practices for diagnosis and treatment are described. Clinicians should be aware that HSC most often occurs without documented candidemia. In case of persistent or unexplained fever or lesions in the liver and/or spleen, a history of neutropenia should place disseminated candidiasis in the differential diagnosis. HSC is not limited to hematological patients and may occur in patients with solid tumors treated with

  10. Relación del estado de salud bucal con algunos factores socioeconómicos en niños de 2-5 años Relation of the oral health state to some socioeconomic factors in children aged 2-5

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    María Elena Quiñones Ybarría

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: determinar la asociación de algunos factores de riesgo con el estado de salud bucal en la primera infancia; identificar la relación de la salud bucal de dichos niños con: la higiene bucal, el tipo de dieta, escolaridad de los padres, ocupación de los padres. MÉTODOS: el estudio se llevó a cabo en el municipio Bauta, provincia La Habana, en 2 etapas: la primera, descriptiva, de corte transversal, la segunda, analítica, de acuerdo con la metodología de casos y controles (200 niños de cada tipo, en el período comprendido desde junio del 2005 hasta junio del 2006. Se utilizaron las variables: estado de salud bucal, escolaridad, ocupación de los padres, higiene bucal, tipo de dieta. RESULTADOS: el comportamiento de la higiene bucal fue inadecuado en el 39,5 % de los casos y en el 5,5 % de los controles; en el grupo de casos prevaleció la dieta cariogénica 65,0 %, mientras que en el grupo control se incrementó la aceptable, con el 44,0 %. En cuanto a la influencia de la escolaridad y la ocupación de los padres, en el estado de salud bucal los resultados no mostraron significación estadística. CONCLUSIONES: la adecuada higiene bucal y la dieta no cariogénica incrementaron la posibilidad de tener un estado adecuado de salud bucal. Tanto la escolaridad como la ocupación de los padres no guardaron correlación con la salud bucal de sus hijos.OBJECTIVES: to determine the association of some risk factors with the oral health state in the early childhood, to identify the connection of the oral health of these children with oral hygiene, the type of diet, parents' educational level and parents' job. METHODS: a 2-stage study was carried out in Bauta municipality, Havana province from June 2005 to June 2006. The first stage was descriptive and cross-sectional, and the second was analytical according to the case-control methodology (200 children of each type. The following variables were used: oral health state, educational level

  11. Effect of Streptococcus salivarius K12 on the in vitro growth of Candida albicans and its protective effect in an oral candidiasis model.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ishijima, Sanae A; Hayama, Kazumi; Burton, Jeremy P; Reid, Gregor; Okada, Masashi; Matsushita, Yuji; Abe, Shigeru

    2012-04-01

    Oral candidiasis is often accompanied by severe inflammation, resulting in a decline in the quality of life of immunosuppressed individuals and elderly people. To develop a new oral therapeutic option for candidiasis, a nonpathogenic commensal oral probiotic microorganism, Streptococcus salivarius K12, was evaluated for its ability to modulate Candida albicans growth in vitro, and its therapeutic activity in an experimental oral candidiasis model was tested. In vitro inhibition of mycelial growth of C. albicans was determined by plate assay and fluorescence microscopy. Addition of S. salivarius K12 to modified RPMI 1640 culture medium inhibited the adherence of C. albicans to the plastic petri dish in a dose-dependent manner. Preculture of S. salivarius K12 potentiated its inhibitory activity for adherence of C. albicans. Interestingly, S. salivarius K12 was not directly fungicidal but appeared to inhibit Candida adhesion to the substratum by preferentially binding to hyphae rather than yeast. To determine the potentially anti-infective attributes of S. salivarius K12 in oral candidiasis, the probiotic was administered to mice with orally induced candidiasis. Oral treatment with S. salivarius K12 significantly protected the mice from severe candidiasis. These findings suggest that S. salivarius K12 may inhibit the process of invasion of C. albicans into mucous surfaces or its adhesion to denture acrylic resins by mechanisms not associated with the antimicrobial activity of the bacteriocin. S. salivarius K12 may be useful as a probiotic as a protective tool for oral care, especially with regard to candidiasis.

  12. Factors involved in patient choice of oral or vaginal treatment for vulvovaginal candidiasis

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    Sobel JD

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available Jack D SobelDivision of Infectious Diseases, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USAAbstract: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC is an extremely common cause of vaginal symptoms in women. Multiple antifungal products are available by either the oral or vaginal route, although no new drugs have become available for two decades. Given the therapeutic equivalence of the antimycotic agents and their routes of administration, the specific drug and formulation selected is entirely arbitrary in relation to final treatment outcome. Nevertheless, multiple factors affecting preference, both practitioner-dependent and patient-dependent, impact on selection of a specific drug and route of administration.Keywords: antifungal drugs, antimycotics, Candida vaginitis, vulvovaginal candidiasis

  13. Factors associated with esophageal candidiasis and its endoscopic severity in the era of antiretroviral therapy.

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    So Nishimura

    Full Text Available Candidia esophagitis (CE is an AIDS-defining condition, usually occurring in individuals with low CD4 counts of <200 cells/µL. Endoscopy is a valuable definitive diagnostic method for CE but may not be indicated for asymptomatic patients or for those with high CD4 counts or without oral candidiasis. This study assessed such patients to clarify the factors associated with CE and its severity on endoscopy in the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART era.A total of 733 HIV-infected patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal (GI endoscopy were analyzed. Sexual behavior, CD4(+ count, HIV-RNA viral load (VL, history of HAART, GI symptoms, GI diseases, and oral candidiasis were assessed. Endoscopic severity of CE was classified as mild (Kodsi's grade I/II or severe (grade III/IV. Of the 733 subjects, 62 (8.46% were diagnosed with CE (mild, n = 33; severe, n = 29. Of them, 56.5% (35/62 had no GI symptoms, 30.6% (19/62 had CD4 + ≥200 cells/μL, and 55.3% (21/38 had no oral candidiasis. Univariate analysis found lower CD4+ counts, higher HIV VL, and no history of HAART to be significantly associated with CE. With lower CD4(+ counts and higher HIV VL, CE occurrence increased significantly (P<0.01 for trend in odds. Multivariate analysis showed low CD4+ counts and high HIV VL to be independently associated with CE. Of the severe CE patients, 55.2% (16/29 had no GI symptoms and 44.4% (8/18 had no oral candidiasis. Median CD4(+ counts in severe cases were significantly lower than in mild cases (27 vs. 80; P = 0.04.Low CD4+ counts and high HIV VL were found to be factors associated with CE, and advanced immunosuppression was associated with the development of severity. Endoscopy is useful as it can detect CE, even severe CE, in patients without GI symptoms, those with high CD4 counts, and those without oral candidiasis.

  14. A school-based oral health educational program: the experience of Maringa- PR, Brazil Programa educacional em saúde bucal baseado em escolas: a experiência de Maringá- PR, Brasil

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    Carlos Alberto Conrado

    2004-03-01

    Full Text Available The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the preliminary results of a school-based oral health educational strategy adopted in public primary schools from the city of Maringa, State of Parana, Brazil. The study sample was composed by 556 children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 years old, 124 schoolteachers and a group of 55 mothers. The educational approach was implemented for 18 months and consisted of reinforcements of interventions addressed to students and schoolteachers at school level and few activities targeted at the mothers, performed by means of home visits. Baseline and follow-up interviews focused on oral health care were undertaken for the entire study population. As a stimulus for the students to achieve proper oral hygiene habits, the simplified oral hygiene index was assessed at three different moments. A statistically significant improvement in their oral hygiene index (pO principal propósito deste estudo foi avaliar os resultados preliminares de uma estratégia educacional baseada em escolas sobre saúde bucal adotada em escolas públicas de ensino fundamental da cidade de Maringá, estado do Paraná, Brasil. A amostra de estudo foi composta por 556 crianças e adolescentes entre 6 e 17 anos de idade, 124 professoras e um grupo de 55 mães. A abordagem educacional foi implementada por um período de 18 meses e consistiu de reforços das intervenções educativas dirigidas aos estudantes e professores a nível escolar e de poucas atividades tendo como alvo as mães, desenvolvidas através de visitas domiciliares. Entrevistas iniciais e de acompanhamento focando cuidados em saúde bucal foram realizadas com toda a população de estudo. Como um estímulo aos estudantes para assumirem hábitos apropriados de higiene bucal, o índice de higiene oral simplificado foi avaliado em três diferentes momentos. Uma melhora estatisticamente significante em seus índices de higiene oral (p< 0,001 foi registrada. Os resultados alcan

  15. FREQUÊNCIA DE HIGIENE BUCAL NA MANUTENÇÃO DA SAÚDE GENGIVAL

    OpenAIRE

    Tatiana Militz Perrone Pinto

    2012-01-01

    O objetivo deste ensaio clínico randomizado cego foi avaliar, em indivíduos com adequado método de higiene bucal, a frequência de remoção de placa para manter saúde gengival. Pacientes elegíveis (máximo 15% de sangramento gengival a sondagem) passaram por um período pré-experimental a fim de remover fatores que pudessem interferir no controle da placa, e alcançar saúde gengival (máximo 5% de sítios com sangramento gengival). Cinquenta e dois pacientes foram randomizados em quatro grupos de ac...

  16. Relationship between salivary glucosa levels and salivary pH with candidiasis oral in diabetes mellitus patients

    OpenAIRE

    Sumintarti Sumintarti

    2016-01-01

    Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease which is characterized by increased blood glucose level and also increased salivary glucose level. The disease is characterized by decreasing pH of the saliva. The decrease pH of saliva can the high risk of oral infection. Candidiasis is the most common infection of patients with diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between salivary glucose level and salivary pH to the occurrence of oral candidiasis in pat...

  17. Systemic Candidiasis in Extremely Low Birthweight (ELBW) Neonates Despite the Routine Use of Topical Miconazole Prophylaxis: Trends, Risk Factors and Outcomes over an 11-Year Period.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sriram, Bhavani; Agarwal, Pratibha K; Tee, Nancy W S; Rajadurai, Victor S

    2014-05-01

    This study aims to determine the incidence, trends of systemic candidiasis and meningitis in extremely low birthweight (ELBW) neonates (candidiasis and meningitis over an 11-year period (1997 to 2007). Matched case control analyses were performed to determine the risk factors and comorbidities which were severe intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH), severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) requiring treatment, necrotising enterocolitis (NEC), chronic lung disease (CLD) and cholestatic jaundice. Mortality and end organ involvement secondary to systemic candidiasis were identified as adverse outcomes. Of the 757 ELBW neonates, 51 (6.7%) had evidence of systemic candidiasis with a significant 3-fold increase in trend noted in 2007 as compared against 1997 (12.1% vs 3.8%) (RR 1.2, 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.36, P candidiasis (0% in 1997 vs 7.1% in 2007, RR 1.40, 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.25, P = 0.005). On logistic regression analysis, decreasing gestational age was an independent risk factor for systemic candidiasis (OR 2.0, 95% CI, 1.52 to 2.63, P candidiasis despite routine use of topical miconazole prophylaxis is of concern and future studies comparing the use of systemic fl uconazole versus oral nystatin may need to be considered.

  18. Microbiological screening of Irish patients with autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy reveals persistence of Candida albicans strains, gradual reduction in susceptibility to azoles, and incidences of clinical signs of oral candidiasis without culture evidence.

    Science.gov (United States)

    McManus, Brenda A; McGovern, Eleanor; Moran, Gary P; Healy, Claire M; Nunn, June; Fleming, Pádraig; Costigan, Colm; Sullivan, Derek J; Coleman, David C

    2011-05-01

    Patients with autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) are prone to chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, which is often treated with azoles. The purpose of this study was to characterize the oral Candida populations from 16 Irish APECED patients, who comprise approximately half the total number identified in Ireland, and to examine the effect of intermittent antifungal therapy on the azole susceptibility patterns of Candida isolates. Patients attended between one and four clinical evaluations over a 5-year period, providing oral rinses and/or oral swab samples each time. Candida was recovered from 14/16 patients, and Candida albicans was the only Candida species identified. Interestingly, clinical diagnosis of candidiasis did not correlate with microbiological evidence of Candida infection at 7/22 (32%) clinical assessments. Multilocus sequence typing analysis of C. albicans isolates recovered from the same patients on separate occasions identified the same sequence type each time. Fluconazole resistance was detected in isolates from one patient, and isolates exhibiting a progressive reduction in itraconazole and/or fluconazole susceptibility were identified in a further 3/16 patients, in each case correlating with the upregulation of CDR- and MDR-encoded efflux pumps. Mutations were also identified in the ERG11 and the TAC1 genes of isolates from these four patients; some of these mutations have previously been associated with azole resistance. The findings suggest that alternative Candida treatment options, other than azoles such as chlorhexidine, should be considered in APECED patients and that clinical diagnosis of oral candidiasis should be confirmed by culture prior to the commencement of anti-Candida therapy.

  19. Microbiological screening of Irish patients with autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy reveals persistence of Candida albicans strains, gradual reduction in susceptibility to azoles, and incidences of clinical signs of oral candidiasis without culture evidence.

    LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

    McManus, Brenda A

    2011-05-01

    Patients with autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) are prone to chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, which is often treated with azoles. The purpose of this study was to characterize the oral Candida populations from 16 Irish APECED patients, who comprise approximately half the total number identified in Ireland, and to examine the effect of intermittent antifungal therapy on the azole susceptibility patterns of Candida isolates. Patients attended between one and four clinical evaluations over a 5-year period, providing oral rinses and\\/or oral swab samples each time. Candida was recovered from 14\\/16 patients, and Candida albicans was the only Candida species identified. Interestingly, clinical diagnosis of candidiasis did not correlate with microbiological evidence of Candida infection at 7\\/22 (32%) clinical assessments. Multilocus sequence typing analysis of C. albicans isolates recovered from the same patients on separate occasions identified the same sequence type each time. Fluconazole resistance was detected in isolates from one patient, and isolates exhibiting a progressive reduction in itraconazole and\\/or fluconazole susceptibility were identified in a further 3\\/16 patients, in each case correlating with the upregulation of CDR- and MDR-encoded efflux pumps. Mutations were also identified in the ERG11 and the TAC1 genes of isolates from these four patients; some of these mutations have previously been associated with azole resistance. The findings suggest that alternative Candida treatment options, other than azoles such as chlorhexidine, should be considered in APECED patients and that clinical diagnosis of oral candidiasis should be confirmed by culture prior to the commencement of anti-Candida therapy.

  20. Quantity of Candida Colonies in Saliva: 
A Diagnostic Evaluation for Oral Candidiasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhou, Pei Ru; Hua, Hong; Liu, Xiao Song

    To investigate the relationship between the quantity of Candida colonies in saliva and oral candidiasis (OC), as well as to identify the threshold for distinguishing oral candidiasis from healthy carriage. A diagnostic test was conducted in 197 patients with different oral problems. The diagnosis of OC was established based on clinical features. Whole saliva samples from the subjects were cultured for Candida species. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used in this study. OC patients had significantly more Candida colony-forming units per millilitre saliva (795 cfu/ml) than asymptomatic carriers (40 cfu/ml; P candidiasis, the quantity of Candida colonies differed. The number of Candida colonies in pseudomembranous type was significantly higher than that in the erythematous type (P < 0.05). Candida albicans was the predominant species of Candida. The cut-off point with the best fit for OC diagnosis was calculated to be 266 cfu/ml. The sensitivity and specificity were 0.720 and 0.825, respectively. Analysis of the ROC curve indicated that Candida colonies had a high diagnostic value for OC, as demonstrated by the area under the curve (AUC = 0.873). Based on this study, the value of 270 cfu/ml was considered a threshold for distinguishing OC from carriage.

  1. Evaluation of tissue engineered models of the oral mucosa to investigate oral candidiasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yadev, Nishant P; Murdoch, Craig; Saville, Stephen P; Thornhill, Martin H

    2011-06-01

    Candida albicans is a commensal organism that can be isolated from the majority of healthy individuals. However, in certain susceptible individuals C. albicans can become pathogenic leading to the mucocutaneous infection; oral candidiasis. Murine models and in vitro monolayer cultures have generated some data on the likely virulence and host factors that contribute to oral candidiasis but these models have limitations. Recently, tissue engineered oral mucosal models have been developed to mimic the normal oral mucosa but little information is available on their true representation. In this study, we assessed the histological features of three different tissue engineered oral mucosal models compared to the normal oral mucosa and analysed both cell damage and cytokine release following infection with C. albicans. Models comprised of normal oral keratinocytes and a fibroblast-containing matrix displayed more similar immunohistological and proliferation characteristics to normal mucosa, compared to models composed of an oral carcinoma cell line. Although all models were invaded and damaged by C. albicans in a similar manner, the cytokine response was much more pronounced in models containing normal keratinocytes. These data suggest that models based on normal keratinocytes atop a fibroblast-containing connective tissue will significantly aid in dissecting the molecular pathogenesis of oral candidiasis. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  2. Is there a role for antibody testing in the diagnosis of invasive candidiasis?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Quindós, Guillermo; Moragues, María Dolores; Pontón, José

    2004-03-01

    During the last decades, the use of antibody tests for the diagnosis of invasive mycoses has declined as a consequence of the general belief that they are insensitive and non-specific. However, there is a clear evidence that antibodies can be detected in highly immunodeficient patients (such as bone marrow transplant recipients), and that those antibodies are useful for the diagnosis. Antibody tests are currently in use as diagnostic tools for some primary mycoses, such as the endemic mycoses, aspergilloma, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergilosis and sporothrichosis. For invasive candidiasis, diagnostic methods must differentiate Candida colonization of mucous membranes or superficial infection from tissue invasion by this microorganism. Substantial progress has been made in diagnosis of invasive candidiasis with the development of a variety of methods for the detection of antibodies and antigens. However, no single test has found widespread clinical use and there is a consensus that diagnosis based on a single specimen lacks sensitivity. It is necessary to test sequential samples taken while the patient is at greatest risk for developing invasive candidiasis to optimize the diagnosis. Results obtained from a panel of diagnostic tests in association with clinical aspects will likely be the most useful strategy for early diagnosis and therapy.

  3. Asymptomatic oral carriage of Candida species in HIV-infected patients in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era Carreadores assintomáticos de espécies de Candida na mucosa bucal de pacientes infectados pelo HIV na era da terapia antiretroviral

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carolina Rodrigues Costa

    2006-10-01

    Full Text Available Oropharyngeal candidiasis is the most common opportunistic fungal infection in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus. CD4+ lymphocytes count and the quantification of viral RNA in blood plasma have been found to be the main markers of HIV disease progression. The present study was conducted to evaluate Candida sp. diversity in the oral cavity of HIV-infected patients and to determine whether there was association of CD4+ cell count and viral load with asymptomatic oral Candida carriage. Out of 99 HIV-positive patients studied, 62 (62.6% had positive culture for Candida (oral carriage and 37 patients (37.4% had Candida negative culture (no oral carriage. The etiologic agents most common were C. albicans and C. tropicalis. The range of CD4+ was 6-2305 cells/mm³ in colonized patients and 3-839 cells/mm³ for non-colonized patients, while the viral load was 60-90016 copies/mL for colonized patients and 75-110488 copies/mL for non colonized patients. The viral load was undetectable in 15 colonized patients and in 12 non colonized patients. Our results showed that there was no significant difference of the variables CD4+ cell count and viral load between oral candida carriage and no oral candida carriage patients.Candidíase de orofaringe é a infecção fúngica oportunística mais comum em indivíduos infectados com o vírus da imunodeficiência humana. Contagem de linfócitos CD4+ e quantificação de RNA viral no plasma sanguíneo são os principais marcadores da progressão da doença pelo HIV. O presente estudo foi conduzido para avaliar a diversidade de espécies de Candida presentes na cavidade bucal de pacientes infectados pelo HIV e para determinar se havia associação de contagem de células CD4+ e de carga viral com carreadores assintomáticos de Candida, na mucosa bucal. Dos 99 pacientes HIV positivo estudados, 62 (62,6% apresentaram cultura positiva para Candida sp. sendo denominados carreadores de Candida e os 37

  4. The multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) in the pig

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Voss Kyhn, Maria; Kiilgaard, Jens Folke; Lopez, Ana Garcia

    2007-01-01

    To establish a method allowing multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) recording with simultaneous fundus monitoring on anaesthetized pigs. In addition we characterize the peaks of the porcine mfERG trace, and compare the visual streak area with the optic nerve head, a known non-response area....... Finally we illustrate the feasibility of the method by performing mfERG after an induced laser burn in the visual streak....

  5. A case of osseous scintigraphy showing focuses of multifocal tuberculosis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Faurous-Vanaud, R.; Faurous, P.; Kalfa, G.; Collet, H.; Couty, H.; Artus, J.C.

    1997-01-01

    Incidence of tuberculosis in developed countries presents in the last years a spectacular boost. However, the osteo-articular system is afflicted by tuberculosis only in a few percent of cases and the multifocal character represents less than 5% of osseous tuberculosis. It is presented here a case of multifocal osseous tuberculosis only to stress its rarity. A woman 28 years old from Djibouti presents since 8 months an asthenia and dorsal pains long thought as psychalgia. The examination has shown a major vertebral stiffness and limitation of right haunch. The radiographs showed a scoliosis centered on D8 with modifications. The biologic data are VS = 90, CRP = 124 and the hemogram is normal. The intradermal reaction (10 U of tuberculin) is phlyctenular. The TDM indicates lytic vertebral extension on D7 - D8, the osseous scintigraphy with MDP - 99 mTc indicates no anomaly in the vascular arrival time; a few minutes after injection: dorsal and upper and of right femur hyperactivity; 2 h after injection: hyper-fixation of D7 to D9 and of the upper end of right femur. The IRM indicates para-vertebral abscess of D7 to D9 with epidural abscess; abscess in the upper part of the loge of right adductors with osseous affliction of the femur's upper end; a bacillary infectious process was a priori evoked. The patient was then placed under quadruple antibiotic-therapy anti-tuberculous care. In case of anomalous multifocal osseous scintigraphy the tuberculous affliction is part of the differential diagnosis, particularly in the immigrant populations or in HIV+ persons

  6. Speciation and antifungal susceptibility of esophageal candidiasis in cancer patients in a tertiary care hospital in South India

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    J. Abirami Lakshmy

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Esophageal candidiasis is the most common opportunistic infection in patients with altered immunity such as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV infection, cancer patients on chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Neutropenia, irradiation and chemotherapy will facilitate deeper mucosal invasion leading to esophageal candidiasis. Empirical treatment of esophageal candidiasis without antifungal susceptibility testing will lead to the emergence of drug resistant species increasing the morbidity and mortality associated with cancer. The present study aimed to study the frequency of esophageal candida in individuals with cancer, species level identification and antifungal susceptibility pattern. Scrapings of whitish appearing lesions were obtained from a total of thirty five cases of endoscopically identified esophageal candidiasis were obtained from cancer patients. Identification of the Candida isolates were done by cultivation in Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA, Gram staining, germ tube test, colony morphology in Chrom agar and corn meal agar, sugar assimilation and fermentation tests. Antifungal susceptibility was done by Microbroth dilution method for Fluconazole, Itraconazole and Amphotericin B. We found that Candida albicans was the predominant species isolated followed by Candida tropicalis and Candida glabrata. Sensitivity rates were 94%, 96% and 100% for Fluconazole, Itraconazole and Amphotericin B. Species level identification of Candida isolated from esophageal candidiasis and their antifungal sensitivity testing should be performed for early identification of resistant strains and for promptly treating the cases there by preventing the dissemination of infection in case of immune-compromised individuals. Further the susceptibility pattern will facilitate therapeutic guidance especially in individuals prone to relapse. [J Med Allied Sci 2016; 6(1: 29-34

  7. Multifocal Intraocular Lens Results in Correcting Presbyopia in Eyes After Radial Keratotomy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kim, Kyeong Hwan; Seok, Kyung-Won; Kim, Wan Soo

    2017-11-01

    To report results of multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in 2 patients with refractive error and presbyopia after previous radial keratotomy (RK). A refractive multifocal IOL with rotational asymmetry (LS313-MF30; Oculentis, Berlin, Germany) was implanted. The first patient was a 60-year-old man with myopia who underwent unilateral RK 20 years before. His uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) was 20/400, and his distance corrected near vision was J9 in both eyes. Six months after bilateral surgery, his binocular UDVA and uncorrected near visual acuity (UNVA) improved to 20/20 and J1, respectively, although he experienced diurnal fluctuation. The second patient was a 55-year-old woman with hyperopia who underwent bilateral RK 18 years before. Uncorrected distance visual acuity was 20/25 in both eyes, but UNVA was between J9 and J10. Three months after unilateral surgery, UDVA and UNVA of the postsurgical eye improved to 20/20 and J1, respectively. Neither patient reported any significant photic phenomena, and both were satisfied with the results of treatment. The desirable clinical outcomes and levels of satisfaction expressed by these patients indicate that surgery using this particular multifocal IOL may benefit presbyopic patients with previous RK.

  8. Interspecies differences of candida species causing recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis in response to fluconazole treatment

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    Siamak Naji

    2017-07-01

    Methods: The cross-sectional study was performed at Kowsar Gynecology Center, Motahhari educational hospital and Medical Mycology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia, Iran, from October 2013 to July 2015. Those patients referred to the clinic with symptoms of vaginal discharge, itching or burning that swab samples from endo-exocervix and distal fornix discharge were taken. The vaginal discharge samples submitted to Medical Mycology Center, Urmia School of Medicine for the direct microscopic examination and cultures. Identification at the level of species was performed using CHROMagar Candida and Corn meal agar media. The molecular test polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP used for confirming culture results. For the susceptibility assay, disc diffusion method was performed with fluconazole and clotrimazole. Results: In these study 198 samples collected from patients with symptoms of vulvovaginal candidiasis, 77 vulvovaginal candidiasis cases were identified. Candida species are common in primary and recurrent cases in terms of frequency, Candida albicans (85.7%, Candida krusei (10.2% and Candida glabrata (4.1% were identified respectively. Total of 27 cases of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis, 10 cases were resistant to both clotrimazole and fluconazole (37% was observed that the most common species are resistant to treatment were Candida albicans by (82.1%, Candida krusei (14.3% and Candida glabrata (3.6% respectively. Drug resistance in Candida albicans, Candida krusei and Candida glabrata causing recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis included 69.1%, 75% and 100% respectively. Conclusion: Our findings have shown frequency of resistant non-albicans Candida species to fluconazole and clotrimazole is increasing. There is a considerable difference between Candida albicans and non-albicans species, Candida glabrata for the resistance to fluconazole and clotrimazole.

  9. Clinical assessment of oral mucositis and candidiasis compare to chemotherapic nadir in transplanted patients.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Patussi, Cleverson; Sassi, Laurindo Moacir; Munhoz, Eduardo Ciliao; Zanicotti, Roberta Targa Stramandinoli; Schussel, Juliana Lucena

    2014-01-01

    Oral mucositis is a chief complication in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). It is considered a toxic inflammatory reaction that interferes with the patient's recuperation and quality of life. Oral candidiasis is a common fungal infection observed in dental practice, particularly in immunocompromised patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of oral mucositis and oral candidiasis in patients who underwent HSCT and their correlation with the chemotherapeutic nadir (lowest possible outcome). We evaluated patients with different diagnoses who underwent HSCT at the Hospital Erasto Gaertner. No chemotherapeutic nadir curves could be associated with mucositis, and patients had different presentations of mucositis. No patient developed oral candidiasis during hospitalization. Together with cell counts, we collected demographic data including age, oral hygiene, habits harmful to health, and the use of oral prostheses. It was observed that patients who smoked cigarettes before hospitalization showed less mucositis, resulting in no feeding problems or other comorbid conditions due to the effect of mucositis. However, the nadir of the chemotherapy curve, in isolation, is not a predictive tool for the appearance (or no appearance) of oral mucositis.

  10. Importancia de la educación para la salud bucal en niños escolares

    OpenAIRE

    Rossitto, Franco Luciano

    2017-01-01

    En conjunto con los alumnos de OPS de la Facultad de Odontología, en la localidad de Lisandro Olmos, se llevaron a cabo charlas educativas con el fin de enseñar y concientizar a los niños en su primera etapa escolar sobre la importancia que tiene el cuidado de nuestra salud bucal, como se debe realizar una prevención adecuada y a la vez con la intención de que se transmita lo aprendido a futuras generaciones.

  11. [The incidence of oral candidiasis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome from Yunnan, China].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wen, Yan; Li, Chengwen; Pei, Junhaoxiang; Bai, Jinsong; Yang, Xianghong; Duan, Kaiwen

    2014-08-01

    To assess the incidence of oral candidiasis and its influencing factors in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS). An oral examination was conducted in the 1 566 HIV/AIDS patients in the Third Hospital of Kunming from March 2008 to September 2012 (M/F: 1 062/504, age range: 0.2 to 84.0 years old). The HIV viral load (HIV- RNA) and peripheral blood CD4 count were respectively analyzed by Bayer Q340 fluorescence signal surveying instrument (bDNA method) and flow cytometry analysis. The information on usage of highly active anti-retroviral (HAART) drugs and transmission of HIV were obtained through questionnaires. The incidence of oral candidiasis in patients with different HIV-RNA levels and CD4 count and the use of HAART was analyzed and compared. The total incidence of oral candidosis was 31.0% (486/1 566) and there was no difference in sex. The oral lesions were presented by three types, psudomembranous candidosis (PC), erythematous candidosis (EC) and angular cheilitis (AC), and the morbidity was 13.9% (217/1 566), 17.0% (267/1 566) and 4.9% (77/1 566), respectively. The average level of CD4 count in psudomembranous candidosis, erythematous candidosis and angular cheilitis [81.0 (146.0), 74.0 (152.0) and 69.0 (121.5) cell/µl] showed no significant difference (P > 0.05). The incidence of oral candidiasis in non-HAART and HAART subjects were 36.3% (402/1 107) and 18.3% (84/459), respectively (P = 0.000). The CD4 count and absolute counts of HIV viral load in oral candidiasis patients and non-oral candidiasis patients had significant difference (Z = -10.261, P = 0.000 and Z = -4.762, P = 0.000). The morbidity of oral candidiasis in HIV/AIDS patients in Yunnan Province was high, including PC, EC and AC and hyperplastic candidosis was not detected. The incidence was related to the degree of immune suppression and HIV viral load.

  12. Cytological analysis of the epithelial cells in patients with oral candidiasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Loss, Rafael; Sandrin, Rodrigo; França, Beatriz Helena Sottile; de Azevedo-Alanis, Luciana Reis; Grégio, Ana Maria Trindade; Machado, Maria Ângela Naval; de Lima, Antonio Adilson Soares

    2011-07-01

    The aim of this study was to evaluate oral epithelial cells of the oral mucosa infected by Candida albicans using exfoliative cytology. Oral smears were collected from clinically normal-appearing mucosa by liquid-based exfoliative cytology of 60 individuals (30 patients with oral candidiasis and 30 healthy controls matched for age and gender) and analysed for morphologic and cytomorphometric technique. Morphologically, candida-infected epithelial cells exhibited nuclear enlargement, perinuclear rings, discrete orangeophilia, and cytoplasmic vacuoles. The cytomorphometric analysis demonstrated that the cytoplasmic area (CA) of the epithelial cells was diminished in patients undergoing candidiasis as compared to the non-infected controls. In addition, there was an augmentation in nuclear area (NA) and NA/CA area ratio. This study revealed that oral mucosa of patients undergoing candidal infection exhibited significant changes in the size and shape of the oral epithelial cells. © 2010 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.

  13. Algunos factores de riesgo y fenómenos psicológicos relacionados con el estado de salud bucal Risk factors and psychological phenomena related to the dentistry

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Magda Lima Álvarez

    2007-12-01

    Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio descriptivo a 67 sujetos mayores de 15 años pertenecientes al consultorio No. 28 del Policlínico Comunitario Previsora en el período de Abril-noviembre del 2006, para determinar algunos factores de riesgo y fenómenos psicológicos relacionados con el estado de salud bucal. Se obtuvo predominio en las edades de 30 a 44 años con 33 pacientes (49.2 % y el estado de salud bucal medianamente favorable y desfavorable representó un 32.8 % y 41.8 % . El factor de riesgo que más influyó en el estado de salud bucal fue el biológico (77.6%. Al relacionar el diagnóstico estomatológico con la percepción de riesgo de enfermedad bucal la mayoría de los pacientes percibían éste pero no eran capaces de acudir al odontólogo para recibir tratamiento. El 61.2% de los pacientes tenían miedo y el 29,9% correspondió al estado de salud bucal desfavorable. La percepción de riesgo a enfermar se comportó en el 76.1% de los pacientesA descriptive study was carried out to 67 fellows older than 15 years assisted by the neighbourhood clinic No. 28 from the Previsora Community Policlinic in the period of April-November in 2006, to determine risk factors and psychological phenomena related to the state of mouth health problems. Prevalence was obtained with 33 patients (49.2% within the ages 30 to 44 years and the state of fairly favorable and unfavorable dentistry problems represented 37,3%. The risk factor that influenced the most in the state of mouth health problems was the biological one (77.6%. When relating the dentistry diagnostic with the perception of risk of that illness, most of the patients perceived it, but they were not able to go to the orthodontist to receive treatment. 61.2% of the patients were afraid and 50,8% corresponded to the state of fairly favorable and unfavorable mouth health problems. The perception of risk to get sick involved 76.1% of the patients

  14. Chronic multifocal non-bacterial osteomyelitis in hypophosphatasia mimicking malignancy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Warmuth-Metz Monika

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Hypophosphatasia (HP is characterized by a genetic defect in the tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP gene and predominantly an autosomal recessive trait. HP patients suffer from reduced bone mineralization. Biochemically, elevated concentrations of substrates of TNSALP, including pyridoxal-5'-phosphate and inorganic pyrophosphate occur in serum, tissues and urine. The latter has been associated with chronic inflammation and hyperprostaglandinism. Case presentation We report on 2 affected children presenting with multifocal inflammatory bone lesions mimicking malignancy: A 6 years old girl with short stature had been treated with human growth hormone since 6 months. Then she started to complain about a painful swelling of her left cheek. MRI suggested a malignant bone lesion. Bone biopsy, however, revealed chronic inflammation. A bone scan showed a second rib lesion. Since biopsy was sterile, the descriptive diagnosis of chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis (CNO was established. The diagnostic tests related to growth failure were repeated and subsequent analyses demonstrated a molecular defect in the TNSALP gene. The second girl (10 years old complained about back pain after she had fallen from her bike. X rays of her spine revealed compressions of 2 thoracic vertebrae. At first these were considered trauma related, however a bone scan did show an additional lesion in the right 4th rib. A biopsy of this rib revealed a sterile lympho- plasmocytoid osteomyelitis suggesting multifocal CNO. Further analyses did show a decreased TNSALP in leukocytes and elevated pyridoxal phosphate in plasma, suggesting a heterozygous carrier status of HP. Conclusion Chronic bone oedema in adult HP and chronic hyper-prostaglandinism in childhood HP do suggest that in some HP patients bone inflammation is present in conjunction with the metabolic defect. Sterile multifocal osteomyelitis could be demonstrated. Non-steroidal anti

  15. Association of asymptomatic oral candidal carriage, oral candidiasis and CD4 lymphocyte count in HIV-positive patients in China.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Liu, X; Liu, H; Guo, Z; Luan, W

    2006-01-01

    To compare the prevalence of asymptomatic oral candidal carriage in healthy volunteers with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients in China, as well as to investigate the relationship between CD4+ lymphocyte count and oral candidal colonization or oral candidiasis. Oral candidal carriage and oral candidiasis were investigated in 101 patients with HIV-infection seen at Youan Hospital, Beijing, China. Two hundred and seventeen healthy volunteers were involved as a control. Culture from saliva was used to test for the presence of oral Candida. CD4+ lymphocyte count was measured by flow cytometry. All data were analyzed statistically by SAS. Asymptomatic oral candidal carriage rate (28.6%) in HIV-positive group was similar to that in the healthy group (18.0%; P = 0.07). No significant difference in CD4+ lymphocyte count was found between oral Candida carriers and non-carriers among HIV-positive subjects (P = 0.89). However, the frequency of oral candidiasis increased with the decrease in CD4+ lymphocyte count (P < 0.0001), and pseudomembranous candidiasis was predominant in HIV-positive patients with CD4+ <200 cells microl(-1) (66.7%). In HIV-positive subjects, asymptomatic oral candidal colonization is not related to CD4+ lymphocyte count of blood, and the carriage rate is similar to that in the healthy population. Oral candidiasis is more likely to be observed in HIV-positive patients who have a low CD4+ lymphocyte count.

  16. Odontología para bebés: una posibilidad práctica de promoción de salud bucal

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marina Moscardini Vilela

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo. Revisar la literatura sobre la filosofía en Odontología para Bebés. Síntesis de datos. A pesar de que la promoción de la salud es muy practicada en todas las áreas de la salud, la odontología se caracteriza por restar importancia a la prevención de enfermedades bucales y a los tratamientos preventivos, cuando estos son realizados, ya los dientes deciduos se encuentran altamente comprometidos por la caries dental. Los resultados alcanzados a través de la enseñanza de tratamiento odontológico a bebés, en diferentes partes del mundo, tienen un futuro promisorio, ya que enfatiza las particularidades de su crecimiento y desarrollo infantil, considera al bebé como un todo, y no solamente desde el punto de vista de salud bucal. Conclusiones. La buena práctica de la odontología para bebés brinda la posibilidad de fomentar la salud y prevenir la enfermedad, de una forma muy simple, eficaz y de bajo costo.

  17. Outcomes of excimer laser enhancements in pseudophakic patients with multifocal intraocular lens

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Schallhorn SC

    2016-04-01

    Full Text Available Steven C Schallhorn,1–3 Jan A Venter,2 David Teenan,2 Julie M Schallhorn,3 Keith A Hettinger,2 Stephen J Hannan,2 Martina Pelouskova2 1Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; 2Optical Express, Glasgow, UK; 3Department of Ophthalmology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess visual and refractive outcomes of laser vision correction (LVC to correct residual refraction after multifocal intraocular lens (IOL implantation. Patients and methods: In this retrospective study, 782 eyes that underwent LVC to correct unintended ametropia after multifocal IOL implantation were evaluated. Of all multifocal lenses implanted during primary procedure, 98.7% were refractive and 1.3% had a diffractive design. All eyes were treated with VISX STAR S4 IR excimer laser using a convectional ablation profile. Refractive outcomes, visual acuities, patient satisfaction, and quality of life were evaluated at the last available visit. Results: The mean time between enhancement and last visit was 6.3±4.4 months. Manifest spherical equivalent changed from -0.02±0.83 D (-3.38 D to +2.25 D pre-enhancement to 0.00±0.34 D (-1.38 D to +1.25 D post-enhancement. At the last follow-up, the percentage of eyes within 0.50 D and 1.00 D of emmetropia was 90.4% and 99.5%, respectively. Of all eyes, 74.9% achieved monocular uncorrected distance visual acuity 20/20 or better. The mean corrected distance visual acuity remained the same before (-0.04±0.06 logMAR [logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution] and after LVC procedure (-0.04±0.07 logMAR; P=0.70. There was a slight improvement in visual phenomena (starburst, halo, glare, ghosting/double vision following the enhancement. No sight-threatening complications related to LVC occurred in this study. Conclusion: LVC in pseudophakic patients with multifocal IOL was safe, effective, and predictable in a large cohort of

  18. Case report: multifocal subchondral stress fractures of the femoral heads and tibial condyles in a young military recruit.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yoon, Pil Whan; Yoo, Jeong Joon; Yoon, Kang Sup; Kim, Hee Joong

    2012-03-01

    Subchondral stress fractures of the femoral head may be either of the insufficiency-type with poor quality bone or the fatigue-type with normal quality bone but subject to high repetitive stresses. Unlike osteonecrosis, multiple site involvement rarely has been reported for subchondral stress fractures. We describe a case of multifocal subchondral stress fractures involving femoral heads and medial tibial condyles bilaterally within 2 weeks. A 27-year-old military recruit began having left knee pain after 2 weeks of basic training, without any injury. Subsequently, right knee, right hip, and left hip pain developed sequentially within 2 weeks. The diagnosis of multifocal subchondral stress fracture was confirmed by plain radiographs and MR images. Nonoperative treatment of the subchondral stress fractures of both medial tibial condyles and the left uncollapsed femoral head resulted in resolution of symptoms. The collapsed right femoral head was treated with a fibular strut allograft to restore congruity and healed without further collapse. There has been one case report in which an insufficiency-type subchondral stress fracture of the femoral head and medial femoral condyle occurred within a 2-year interval. Because the incidence of bilateral subchondral stress fractures of the femoral head is low and multifocal involvement has not been reported, multifocal subchondral stress fractures can be confused with multifocal osteonecrosis. Our case shows that subchondral stress fractures can occur in multiple sites almost simultaneously.

  19. [The clinical and microbiological characteristics of oropharyngeal candidiasis in the HIV-infected patients at the late stages of the disease].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Charushin, A O; Elovikov, A M; Charushina, I P; Vorob'eva, N N; Katretskaya, G G

    Oropharyngeal candidiasis in 512 HIV-infected patients at the late stages of the disease was studied with special reference to the clinical and microbiological characteristics of this condition. The diagnosis was established based on the results of the clinical and microbiological examination of the patients including investigation of the tissue samples taken from the oral cavity and the throat with the use of the device specially developed for this purpose. It was shown that the disease existed in various clinical forms the most common of which were monocomponent pathology represented by pseudomembranous candidiasis in 37.5±2.14% of the patients, the two-component mixed form (pseudomembranous candidiasis with concomitant angular chelitis) diagnosed in 27.5±1.97% cases, and the ternary form (the combination of pseudomembranous candidiasis, acute atrophic process, and angular chelitis) documented in 11.9±1.43% patients. The main clinical features of the disease included the combination of its various forms, multiple localization of the pathological process, and its polymorphous manifestations. Changes in the clinical course of oropharyngeal candidiasis associated with the progression of HIV from the 4A to the 4B stage were detected for the first time. They were shown to be accompanied by variations in the species composition and concentration of fungal flora in the crypts of the palatine tonsils and its sensitivity to fluconazole therapy.

  20. [Clinical features of invasive candidiasis and risk factors for Candida bloodstream infection in children: a multicenter study in Urumqi, China].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ai Er Ken, Ai Bi Bai; Ma, Zhi-Hua; Xiong, Dai-Qin; Xu, Pei-Ru

    2017-04-01

    To investigate the clinical features of invasive candidiasis in children and the risk factors for Candida bloodstream infection. A retrospective study was performed on 134 children with invasive candidiasis and hospitalized in 5 tertiary hospitals in Urumqi, China, between January 2010 and December 2015. The Candida species distribution was investigated. The clinical data were compared between the patients with and without Candida bloodstream infection. The risk factors for Candida bloodstream infection were investigated using multivariate logistic regression analysis. A total of 134 Candida strains were isolated from 134 children with invasive candidiasis, and non-albicans Candida (NAC) accounted for 53.0%. The incidence of invasive candidiasis in the PICU and other pediatric wards were 41.8% and 48.5% respectively. Sixty-eight patients (50.7%) had Candida bloodstream infection, and 45 patients (33.6%) had Candida urinary tract infection. There were significant differences in age, rate of use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, and incidence rates of chronic renal insufficiency, heart failure, urinary catheterization, and NAC infection between the patients with and without Candida bloodstream infection (Pcandidiasis is similar between the PICU and other pediatric wards. NAC is the most common species of invasive candidiasis. Candida bloodstream infection is the most common invasive infection. Younger age (1-24 months) and NAC infection are the risk factors for Candida bloodstream infection.

  1. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: new concepts

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marco A. Lima

    2013-09-01

    Full Text Available Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML is a demyelinating disease of the CNS caused by reactivation of JC virus (JCV in a setting of cellular immunosuppression. Originally, PML was observed in patients with advanced HIV infection, lymphoproliferative disorders and transplant recipients. However, the widespread use of HIV antiretroviral drugs and the new selective immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive medications, such as Rituximab and Natalizumab, has recently modified the epidemiology, clinical presentation and prognosis of PML. Herein, we discuss the new concepts on PML, emphasizing the recent modification in the epidemiology; the impact of new immunomodulatory treatments in the disease, PML-IRIS (Immune reconstitution inflammatory síndrome, new treatment strategies and other JCV related CNS diseases.

  2. Pulmonary candidiasis after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: thin-section CT findings.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Franquet, Tomás; Müller, Nestor L; Lee, Kyung S; Oikonomou, Anastasia; Flint, Julia D

    2005-07-01

    To retrospectively evaluate thin-section computed tomographic (CT) findings in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (ie, bone marrow transplant) patients with histopathologically proved pulmonary candidiasis. Ethical approval was obtained from the institutional review board of each of the three institutions; informed consent was not required. The study included 17 hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients with proved pulmonary candidiasis. Histopathologic specimens were acquired at transbronchial biopsy (n = 8), open lung biopsy (n = 6), and autopsy (n = 3). The patients included seven men and 10 women (age range, 20-62 years; mean age, 37 years). The thin-section CT scans were retrospectively reviewed by two thoracic radiologists for the presence, appearance, and distribution of parenchymal abnormalities. Multiple nodules were present in 15 (88%) patients, including centrilobular nodules and tree-in-bud pattern in seven (41%) patients. Nodules were bilateral in 12 patients and unilateral in three. An associated halo of ground-glass opacity was identified in five (33%) patients. Nodules were the only CT finding in five patients (29%). Areas of air-space consolidation were identified in 11 (65%) patients. Areas of ground-glass opacity were seen in six (35%) of 17 patients and were always associated with other abnormalities. Other less common CT findings included pleural effusion (n = 3), thickening of the bronchial walls (n = 2), and cavitation (n = 1). The most common thin-section CT findings of pulmonary candidiasis in hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients are multiple bilateral nodular opacities often associated with areas of consolidation. Copyright RSNA, 2005

  3. Efficacy of Oral E1210, a New Broad-Spectrum Antifungal with a Novel Mechanism of Action, in Murine Models of Candidiasis, Aspergillosis, and Fusariosis▿

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hata, Katsura; Horii, Takaaki; Miyazaki, Mamiko; Watanabe, Nao-aki; Okubo, Miyuki; Sonoda, Jiro; Nakamoto, Kazutaka; Tanaka, Keigo; Shirotori, Syuji; Murai, Norio; Inoue, Satoshi; Matsukura, Masayuki; Abe, Shinya; Yoshimatsu, Kentaro; Asada, Makoto

    2011-01-01

    E1210 is a first-in-class, broad-spectrum antifungal with a novel mechanism of action—inhibition of fungal glycosylphosphatidylinositol biosynthesis. In this study, the efficacies of E1210 and reference antifungals were evaluated in murine models of oropharyngeal and disseminated candidiasis, pulmonary aspergillosis, and disseminated fusariosis. Oral E1210 demonstrated dose-dependent efficacy in infections caused by Candida species, Aspergillus spp., and Fusarium solani. In the treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis, E1210 and fluconazole each caused a significantly greater reduction in the number of oral CFU than the control treatment (P candidiasis model, mice treated with E1210, fluconazole, caspofungin, or liposomal amphotericin B showed significantly higher survival rates than the control mice (P candidiasis caused by azole-resistant Candida albicans or Candida tropicalis. A 24-h delay in treatment onset minimally affected the efficacy outcome of E1210 in the treatment of disseminated candidiasis. In the Aspergillus flavus pulmonary aspergillosis model, mice treated with E1210, voriconazole, or caspofungin showed significantly higher survival rates than the control mice (P candidiasis, pulmonary aspergillosis, and disseminated fusariosis. These data suggest that further studies to determine E1210's potential for the treatment of disseminated fungal infections are indicated. PMID:21788462

  4. Fatores técnicos intervenientes na realização do exame de eletrorretinograma multifocal (ERGmf Technical factors that influence multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG recording

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Kiyoko Oyamada

    2007-08-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Descrever os principais fatores intervenientes observados durante a aquisição e análise do exame de eletrorretinograma multifocal (ERGmf, que afetam o registro gráfico das ondas obtidas e portanto sua análise. MÉTODOS: Análise dos fatores de erro observados durante a aquisição de 100 exames seqüenciais de eletrorretinograma multifocal, realizados com o Reti System da Roland Consult, no período de maio a julho de 2005. Os exames de eletrorretinograma multifocal foram realizados conforme recomendações internacionais, respeitando-se os parâmetros preestabelecidos do equipamento, com 61 elementos, e ângulo visual de 30º. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos à avaliação oftalmológica completa, excluindo-se aqueles com transparência inadequada de meios, córneas planas e os incapazes de visualizar as linhas de fixação. RESULTADOS: Os fatores intervenientes, que poderiam causar erros na interpretação dos resultados obtidos, observados e corrigidos durante a realização dos exames foram: fixação excêntrica, movimentação dos olhos, contração do orbicular, contração da musculatura cervical, não-correção adequada, não-transparência adequada do eletrodo corneano, deslocamento do eletrodo em geral para baixo, descentralização do suporte da lente corretora, distância inadequada paciente-monitor em pacientes com alta ametropia, altura inadequada dos olhos em relação ao centro da tela, ruído na freqüência de 60 HZ (rede elétrica e de campo eletromagnético, impedâncias elevadas. No processamento das ondas, a utilização excessiva de filtros para remoção de ruídos dos registros obtidos, pode interferir na análise dos resultados obtidos. CONCLUSÕES: Cuidados simplesmente observacionais durante a aquisição dos sinais são de importância significativa para a obtenção de registros com boa morfologia e baixo nível de ruído. Permitindo, por meio de sua pronta correção, a análise correta e

  5. Molecular analysis of fungal populations in patients with oral candidiasis using internal transcribed spacer region.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ieda, Shinsuke; Moriyama, Masafumi; Takeshita, Toru; Takashita, Toru; Maehara, Takashi; Imabayashi, Yumi; Shinozaki, Shoichi; Tanaka, Akihiko; Hayashida, Jun-Nosuke; Furukawa, Sachiko; Ohta, Miho; Yamashita, Yoshihisa; Nakamura, Seiji

    2014-01-01

    Oral candidiasis is closely associated with changes in the oral fungal flora and is caused primarily by Candida albicans. Conventional methods of fungal culture are time-consuming and not always conclusive. However, molecular genetic analysis of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of fungal rRNA is rapid, reproducible and simple to perform. In this study we examined the fungal flora in patients with oral candidiasis and investigated changes in the flora after antifungal treatment using length heterogeneity-polymerization chain reaction (LH-PCR) analysis of ITS regions. Fifty-two patients with pseudomembranous oral candidiasis (POC) and 30 healthy controls were included in the study. Fungal DNA from oral rinse was examined for fungal species diversity by LH-PCR. Fungal populations were quantified by real-time PCR and previously-unidentified signals were confirmed by nucleotide sequencing. Relationships between the oral fungal flora and treatment-resistant factors were also examined. POC patients showed significantly more fungal species and a greater density of fungi than control individuals. Sixteen fungi were newly identified. The fungal populations from both groups were composed predominantly of C. albicans, though the ratio of C. dubliniensis was significantly higher in POC patients than in controls. The diversity and density of fungi were significantly reduced after treatment. Furthermore, fungal diversity and the proportion of C. dubliniensis were positively correlated with treatment duration. These results suggest that C. dubliniensis and high fungal flora diversity might be involved in the pathogenesis of oral candidiasis. We therefore conclude that LH-PCR is a useful technique for diagnosing and assessing the severity of oral candidal infection.

  6. Therapeutic activity of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae-based probiotic and inactivated whole yeast on vaginal candidiasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pericolini, Eva; Gabrielli, Elena; Ballet, Nathalie; Sabbatini, Samuele; Roselletti, Elena; Cayzeele Decherf, Amélie; Pélerin, Fanny; Luciano, Eugenio; Perito, Stefano; Jüsten, Peter; Vecchiarelli, Anna

    2017-01-02

    Vulvovaginal candidiasis is the most prevalent vaginal infection worldwide and Candida albicans is its major agent. Vulvovaginal candidiasis is characterized by disruption of the vaginal microbiota composition, as happens following large spectrum antibiotic usage. Recent studies support the effectiveness of oral and local probiotic treatment for prevention of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a safe yeast used as, or for, the production of ingredients for human nutrition and health. Here, we demonstrate that vaginal administration of probiotic Saccharomyces cerevisiae live yeast (GI) and, in part, inactivated whole yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (IY), used as post-challenge therapeutics, was able to positively influence the course of vaginal candidiasis by accelerating the clearance of the fungus. This effect was likely due to multiple interactions of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with Candida albicans. Both live and inactivated yeasts induced coaggregation of Candida and consequently inhibited its adherence to epithelial cells. However, only the probiotic yeast was able to suppress some major virulence factors of Candida albicans such as the ability to switch from yeast to mycelial form and the capacity to express several aspartyl proteases. The effectiveness of live yeast was higher than that of inactivated whole yeast suggesting that the synergy between mechanical effects and biological effects were dominant over purely mechanical effects. The protection of epithelial cells to Candida-induced damage was also observed. Overall, our data show for the first time that Saccharomyces cerevisiae-based ingredients, particularly the living cells, can exert beneficial therapeutic effects on a widespread vaginal mucosal infection.

  7. Unusual multifocal granulomatous disease caused by actinomycetous bacteria in a nestling Derbyan parrot (Psittacula derbiana).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Park, F J; Jaensch, S

    2009-01-01

    A nestling Derbyan parrot (Psittacula derbiana) was presented with unusual subcutaneous swellings of the thigh regions, and poor growth. Histological examination revealed actinomycetous bacteria associated with multifocal systemic granulomas. The clinical and pathological findings of the case are presented, and some relevant aspects of actinomycetous bacterial infections in mammals and birds are discussed. Although granulomatous disease is encountered at times in avian species, the actinomycetous bacteria (Nocardia and Actinomyces spp.) have rarely been reported in association with multifocal granulomatous disease in birds.

  8. Microbiological Screening of Irish Patients with Autoimmune Polyendocrinopathy-Candidiasis-Ectodermal Dystrophy Reveals Persistence of Candida albicans Strains, Gradual Reduction in Susceptibility to Azoles, and Incidences of Clinical Signs of Oral Candidiasis without Culture Evidence▿†

    Science.gov (United States)

    McManus, Brenda A.; McGovern, Eleanor; Moran, Gary P.; Healy, Claire M.; Nunn, June; Fleming, Pádraig; Costigan, Colm; Sullivan, Derek J.; Coleman, David C.

    2011-01-01

    Patients with autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) are prone to chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, which is often treated with azoles. The purpose of this study was to characterize the oral Candida populations from 16 Irish APECED patients, who comprise approximately half the total number identified in Ireland, and to examine the effect of intermittent antifungal therapy on the azole susceptibility patterns of Candida isolates. Patients attended between one and four clinical evaluations over a 5-year period, providing oral rinses and/or oral swab samples each time. Candida was recovered from 14/16 patients, and Candida albicans was the only Candida species identified. Interestingly, clinical diagnosis of candidiasis did not correlate with microbiological evidence of Candida infection at 7/22 (32%) clinical assessments. Multilocus sequence typing analysis of C. albicans isolates recovered from the same patients on separate occasions identified the same sequence type each time. Fluconazole resistance was detected in isolates from one patient, and isolates exhibiting a progressive reduction in itraconazole and/or fluconazole susceptibility were identified in a further 3/16 patients, in each case correlating with the upregulation of CDR- and MDR-encoded efflux pumps. Mutations were also identified in the ERG11 and the TAC1 genes of isolates from these four patients; some of these mutations have previously been associated with azole resistance. The findings suggest that alternative Candida treatment options, other than azoles such as chlorhexidine, should be considered in APECED patients and that clinical diagnosis of oral candidiasis should be confirmed by culture prior to the commencement of anti-Candida therapy. PMID:21367996

  9. The Mathematical Theory of Multifocal Lenses

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    Jacob RUBINSTEIN

    2017-01-01

    This paper presents the fundamental optical concepts of designing multifocal ophthalmic lenses and the mathematical methods associated with them.In particular,it is shown that the design methodology is heavily based on differential geometric ideas such as Willmore surfaces.A key role is played by Hamilton's eikonal functions.It is shown that these functions capture all the information on the local blur and distortion created by the lenses.Along the way,formulas for computing the eikonal functions are derived.Finally,the author lists a few intriguing mathematical problems and novel concepts in optics as future projects.

  10. Optimizing outcomes with multifocal intraocular lenses

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gitansha Shreyas Sachdev

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Modern day cataract surgery is evolving from a visual restorative to a refractive procedure. The advent of multifocal intraocular lenses (MFIOLs allows greater spectacle independence and increased quality of life postoperatively. Since the inception in 1980s, MFIOLs have undergone various technical advancements including trifocal and extended depth of vision implants more recently. A thorough preoperative workup including the patients' visual needs and inherent ocular anatomy allows us to achieve superior outcomes. This review offers a comprehensive overview of the various types of MFIOLs and principles of optimizing outcomes through a comprehensive preoperative screening and management of postoperative complications.

  11. Renal Function Outcomes for Multifocal Renal Neoplasms Managed by Radiofrequency Ablation

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Gupta, Pushpender, E-mail: pugupta@wakehealth.edu; Allen, Brian C., E-mail: bcallen2@wakehealth.edu; Chen, Michael Y., E-mail: mchen@wakehealth.edu; Childs, David D., E-mail: dchilds@wakehealth.edu; Kota, Gopi, E-mail: gkota@wakehealth.edu; Zagoria, Ronald J., E-mail: rzagoria@wakehealth.edu [Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology (United States)

    2013-10-15

    Purpose: To evaluate renal function changes related to radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for the treatment of multifocal renal neoplasms. Methods: This is an institutional review board-approved, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act compliant retrospective study of all patients treated with computed tomography guided RFA for multifocal renal neoplasms at one institution. Fifty-seven subjects, mean age 70 (range 37-88) years, underwent RFA of 169 renal neoplasms (average size 2.0 cm). Subjects had between 2 and 8 (mean 2.96) neoplasms ablated. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was measured before and after RFA. Complications related to RFA were recorded. Results: eGFR decreased on average of 4.4 % per tumor treated and 6.7 % per ablation session (average 1.76 tumors treated per session). For subjects with the largest neoplasm measuring >3 cm, eGFR decreased an average of 14.5 % during the course of their treatment. If the largest neoplasm measured 2-3 cm, eGFR decreased an average of 7.7 %, and if the largest neoplasm measured <2 cm, eGFR decreased an average of 3.8 %. Subjects with reduced baseline renal function were more likely to have a greater decline in eGFR after RFA. There was a minor complication rate of 6.3 % (6 of 96 sessions), none of which required treatment, and a major complication rate of 4.2 % (4 of 96 sessions). Conclusion: RFA for the treatment of multifocal renal neoplasms results in mild decline of renal function.

  12. Autorefraction versus subjective refraction in a radially asymmetric multifocal intraocular lens

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Linden, J.W.M. van der; Vrijman, V.; El-Saady, R.; Meulen, I.J. van der; Mourits, M.P.; Lapid-Gortzak, R.

    2014-01-01

    PURPOSE: To evaluate whether the automated refraction (AR) correlates with subjective manifest (MR) refraction in eyes implanted with radially asymmetric multifocal intraocular lens (IOLs). METHODS: This retrospective study evaluated 52 eyes (52 patients) implanted with a radially asymmetric

  13. Educação em Saúde Bucal para Deficientes Visuais com Utilização da Tecnologia da Informação para Web

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Anita Maria da Rocha Fernandes

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available A odontologia voltada ao atendimento dos pacientes portadores de necessidades especiais, em especial os deficientes visuais, ainda é precária no Brasil. Apesar dos avanços tecnológicos na informática e na saúde, não existe no mercado uma ferramenta que auxilie os deficientes visuais na manutenção de bons níveis de saúde bucal. Pensando nisso, foi desenvolvida uma ferramenta web utilizando tecnologias como Java Applets, PHP e MySQL, que permite a navegação em áudio para deficientes visuais, facilitando assim o acesso desses pacientes nos cuidados com a saúde bucal e promover a interação destes com o computador e a web.

  14. Formulation, development and characterization of mucoadhesive film for treatment of vaginal candidiasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mishra, Renuka; Joshi, Priyanka; Mehta, Tejal

    2016-01-01

    The objective of the present investigation was formulation, optimization and characterization of mucoadhesive film of clotrimazole (CT) which is patient-convenient and provides an effective alternative for the treatment of vaginal candidiasis. CT is an antimycotic drug applied locally for the treatment of vaginal candidiasis. Mucoadhesive vaginal films were prepared by solvent casting technique using hydroxyl propylcellulose and sodium alginate as polymers. Propylene glycol and polyethylene glycol-400 were evaluated as plasticizers. The mucoadhesive vaginal films were evaluated for percentage elongation, tensile strength, folding endurance, drug content, in vitro disintegration time, in vitro dissolution study, swelling index, bioadhesive strength, and diffusion study. Among various permeation enhancers used, isopropyl myristate was found to be suitable. To evaluate the role of the concentration of permeation enhancer and concentration of polymers in the optimization of mucoadhesive vaginal film, 3(2) full factorial design was employed. Optimized batch showed in vitro disintegration time, 18 min; drug content, 99.83%; and tensile strength, 502.1 g/mm(2). In vitro diffusion study showed that 77% drug diffusion occurred in 6 h. This batch was further evaluated by scanning electron microscopy indicating uniformity of the film. In vitro Lactobacillus inhibition and in vitro antifungal activity of optimized batch showed an inhibitory effect against Candida albicans and no effect on Lactobacillus, which is a normal component of vaginal flora. Mucoadhesive vaginal film of CT is an effective dosage form for the treatment of vaginal candidiasis.

  15. Effect of Unifocal versus Multifocal Lenses on Cervical Spine Posture in Patients with Presbyopia.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Abbas, Rami L; Houri, Mohamad T; Rayyan, Mohammad M; Hamada, Hamada Ahmad; Saab, Ibtissam M

    2018-04-04

    There are many environmental considerations which may or may not lead to the development of faulty cervical mechanics. The design of near vision lenses could contribute to the development of such cervical dysfunction and consequently neck pain. Decision making regarding proper type of lens prescription seems important for presbyopic individuals. To investigate the effect of unifocal and multifocal lenses on cervical posture. Thirty subjects (18 females and 12 males) participated in the study with an age range from 40 to 64 years. Each subject wore consequently both unifocal and multifocal lenses randomly while reading. Then lateral cervical spine X-ray films were taken for each subject during each lens wearing. X-ray films were analyzed with digital software (Autocad software, 2 D) to measure segmental angles of the cervical vertebrae (Occiput/C1, C1/C2, C2/C3, C3/C4, C4/C5, C5/C6, C6/C7, C3/C7, C0/C3, and occiput/C7). Higher significant extension angle in the segments C0/C7, C1/C2, C5/C6, C6/C7, and C3/C7 (p<0.05) during multifocal lenses wearing were observed in contrast with higher flexion angle between C3/C4 and C4/C5 (p<0.05) with unifocal lenses wear. Multifocal lens spectacles produces increased extension in the cervical vertebrae angles when compared with the use of unifocal lenses.

  16. Active immunizations with peptide-DC vaccines and passive transfer with antibodies protect neutropenic mice against disseminated candidiasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Xin, Hong

    2016-01-04

    We previously report that peptide-pulsed dendritic cell (DC) vaccination, which targeting two peptides (Fba and Met6) expressed on the cell surface of Candida albicans, can induce high degree of protection against disseminated candidiasis in immunocompetent mice. Passive transfer of immune sera from the peptide immunized mice or peptide-related monoclonal antibodies demonstrated that protection was medicated by peptide-specific antibodies. In this study the efficacy of active and passive immunization against disseminated candidiasis was tested in mice with cyclophosphamide-induced neutropenia. Peptide-DC vaccines were given to mice prior to induction of neutropenia. We show active immunization with either Fba or Met6 peptide-DC vaccine significantly improved the survival and reduced the fungal burden of disseminated candidiasis in those immunocompromised mice. Importantly, we show that administration of two protective monoclonal antibodies also protect neutropenic mice against the disease, implying possibility of developing a successful passive immunotherapy strategy to treat the disease and protect against disseminated candidiasis. The results of this study are crucial as they address the fundamental questions as to whether the synthetic peptide vaccine induced immunity protects the host during a neutropenic episode. We anticipate that this peptide-vaccine study will serve as the foundation of future investigations into new peptide vaccines comprised of cell surface peptides from other medically important Candida species, as well as other fungi. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  17. Active Immunizations with Peptide-DC Vaccines and Passive Transfer with Antibodies Protect Neutropenic Mice against Disseminated Candidiasis

    Science.gov (United States)

    Xin, Hong

    2015-01-01

    We previously report that peptide-pulsed dendritic cell (DC) vaccination, which targeting two peptides (Fba and Met6) expressed on the cell surface of Candida albicans, can induce high degree of protection against disseminated candidiasis in immunocompetent mice. Passive transfer of immune sera from the peptide immunized mice or peptide-related monoclonal antibodies demonstrated that protection was medicated by peptide-specific antibodies. In this study the efficacy of active and passive immunization against disseminated candidiasis was tested in mice with cyclophosphamide-induced neutropenia. Peptide-DC vaccines were given to mice prior to induction of neutropenia. We show active immunization with either Fba or Met6 peptide-DC vaccine significantly improved the survival and reduced the fungal burden of disseminated candidiasis in those immunocompromised mice. Importantly, we show that administration of two protective monoclonal antibodies also protect neutropenic mice against the disease, implying possibility of developing a successful passive immunotherapy strategy to treat the disease and protect against disseminated candidiasis. The results of this study are crucial as they address the fundamental questions as to whether the synthetic peptide vaccine induced immunity protects the host during a neutropenic episode. We anticipate that this peptide-vaccine study will serve as the foundation of future investigations into new peptide vaccines comprised of cell surface peptides from other medically important Candida species, as well as other fungi. PMID:26620842

  18. Efficacy and tolerability of micafungin monotherapy for candidemia and deep-seated candidiasis in adults with cancer.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Farmakiotis, Dimitrios; Tarrand, Jeffrey J; Kontoyiannis, Dimitrios P

    2014-06-01

    The response rate among 58 patients with cancer and candidemia or deep-seated candidiasis treated with micafungin monotherapy was 81%. Intensive care unit (ICU) stay, concomitant nonfungal infections, and acute kidney injury were significantly associated with the 30-day crude mortality rate. Severe neutropenia was an independent predictor of micafungin failure. The efficacy and safety of micafungin in cancer patients with invasive candidiasis were comparable to those reported for patients without malignancy and for cancer patients treated with caspofungin. Copyright © 2014, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

  19. Premature epiphyseal fusion and degenerative arthritis in chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Piddo, C.; Reed, M.H.; Black, G.B.

    2000-01-01

    A 9-year-old boy was diagnosed with chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis affecting multiple sites. During an 8-year follow-up he developed premature closure of a distal radial epiphysis and degenerative changes in the adjacent radiocarpal joint. (orig.)

  20. Association between oral candidiasis and low CD4+ count among HIV positive patients in Hoima Regional Referral Hospital.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nanteza, Martina; Tusiime, Jayne B; Kalyango, Joan; Kasangaki, Arabat

    2014-11-28

    The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Human Immune Virus (HIV) related oral lesions and their association with Cluster of Differentiation 4 (CD4+) count among treatment naïve HIV positive patients. This was a descriptive and analytical cross sectional study. Participants were 346 treatment naïve HIV positive adult patients. These were consecutively recruited from Hoima Regional Referral hospital between March and April 2012. Data collection involved interviews, oral examinations and laboratory analysis. A total of 168(48.6%) participants had oral lesions. The four commonest lesions were oral candidiasis (24.9%, CI = 20.6-29.7%), melanotic hyperpigmentation (17.3%, CI = 13.7-21.7%), kaposi sarcoma (9.3%, CI = 6.6-12.8%) and Oral Hairy Leukoplakia (OHL) (5.5%, CI = 3.5-8.4%). There was significant association between oral candidiasis and immunosuppression measured as CD4+ less than 350 cells/mm3 (OR = 2.69, CI = 1.608-4.502, p Oral candidiasis was the only oral lesion significantly predictive of immunosuppression (OR = 2.56, CI = 1.52-4.30, p Oral candidiasis can be considered as a marker for immunesuppression, making routine oral examinations essential in the management of HIV positive patients.

  1. Inherited IL-12Rβ1 Deficiency in a Child With BCG Adenitis and Oral Candidiasis: A Case Report.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hatipoglu, Nevin; Güvenç, B Haluk; Deswarte, Caroline; Koksalan, Kaya; Boisson-Dupuis, Stéphanie; Casanova, Jean-Laurent; Bustamante, Jacinta

    2017-11-01

    Tuberculosis is a major worldwide problem, and protection from it is achieved mainly by live attenuated bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccine, which is capable of causing disease in immunocompromised host. Oral thrush is abnormal in healthy children, which suggests an underlying immunodeficiency. Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease is a rare primary immunodeficiency characterized by a selective predisposition to weakly virulent Mycobacteria and Salmonella and also predisposition to chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis. Interleukin 12 receptor β1 (IL-12Rβ1) deficiency is the most common disease of Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease, and to date only 50 IL-12Rβ1 deficient patients with clinical signs of chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis have been reported. We report a 2.5-year-old daughter of consanguineous parents with both regional bacille Calmette-Guérin lymphadenitis and recurrent oral candidiasis carrying biallelic R175W mutation in the IL12RB1 gene, resulting in complete loss of expression of IL-12Rβ1. To our knowledge, this is the first report of bacille Calmette-Guérin lymphadenitis with concurrent oral candidiasis displaying such a mutation. New mutations and wide clinical diversities are the indisputable fact of populations with a high rate of consanguineous marriages. Copyright © 2017 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.

  2. Conhecimento dos usuários de uma unidade básica de saúde sobre câncer bucal na cidade de Mato Castelhano, Rio Grande do Sul

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Talita da Rocha Canevese

    2016-04-01

    Full Text Available Objetivos: o câncer vem ocupando papel cada vez mais importante no perfil de mortalidade do Brasil. Dentre os tipos mais prevalentes, o câncer bucal aparece em oitavo lugar, com incidência e mortalidade crescentes. Somando-se à mortalidade, a morbidade associada ao câncer bucal tem impacto importan­te na qualidade de vida dos pacientes, pois seu diagnóstico tem sido realizado tardiamente, reduzindo as possibilidades de cura e aumentando as mutilações decorrentes do tratamento. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o nível de conhecimento dos usuários da Unidade Básica de Saúde de Mato Caste­lhano (RS frente ao câncer bucal. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, transversal, sendo a amostra constituída de 57 adultos, de ambos os sexos, maiores de 18 anos de idade, que procuraram atendimento na UBS referida no mês de abril de 2015. A coleta dos dados foi realizada pela aplicação de um questionário, contendo questões relacionadas ao câncer bucal (fatores de risco, procedimentos, alimentação, existência da doença, diagnósticos. Os dados foram analisados através de estatística des­critiva. Resultados: a amostra envolveu 43,9% do gênero masculino e 56,1% do gênero feminino. To­dos os participantes afirmaram conhecer o câncer bucal, porém, em perguntas mais específicas acerca da patologia, referindo-se às causas, consequências, prevenção do câncer de boca, não demonstraram clareza em suas respostas afirmativas. Nenhum participante era portador da doença. Conclusões: o conhecimento sobre o câncer de boca mostrou-se um tanto quanto despercebido à população de Mato Castelhano – RS quanto ao reconhecimento de alguns fatores de risco, características, prevalência, faixa etária e incidência. Esses achados sugerem a necessidade de pensar em estratégias que promovam melhorias referentes ao conhecimento dos usuários da UBS do município.

  3. Multifocal gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) of the stomach in an 11-year-old girl

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Park, Jin; Rubinas, Tara C.; Fordham, Lynn A.; Phillips, J.D.

    2006-01-01

    A previously healthy 11-year-old girl presented with an 8-month history of anemia and left upper quadrant abdominal pain. US examination demonstrated a 9-cm cystic mass with a fluid-fluid level in the left upper quadrant with unclear organ of origin. Abdominal MR imaging demonstrated a complex cystic mass, likely arising from the stomach. Additional T2 hyperintense submucosal lesions were identified in the gastric wall. Surgical excision confirmed the diagnosis of multifocal gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). MR imaging was helpful in suggesting a gastric origin of the primary mass and in demonstrating multifocal disease within the stomach. (orig.)

  4. The Effect of Gold Nano Particles Compared to Dioxide Titanium Nano Particles on Vital Factors of Isolated Candida albicans in Patients with Oral Candidiasis in Vitro

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ladan Rahimzadeh Torabi

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available Background Oral Candidiasis is fungal infection that affects the oral cavity. Oral infections caused by yeast of the genus Candida and particularly Candida albicans (oral candidiasis have been recognized throughout recorded history. Objectives The aim of this study was to compare the antifungal effects of gold nanoparticles and dioxide titanium nanoparticles on patients with Oral Candidiasis patients. This review is to give the reader a contemporary overview of oral candidiasis, the organisms involved, and the management strategies that are currently employed or could be utilized in the future. Methods This experimental study has been done in Isfahan city totally with 56 numbers of patients suffering from Candidiasis in groups of different ages from hospitals and laboratories The resulted from swap in Sabouraud Dexteros agar and finally with complementary experiments 56 isolated Candida albicans (oral Candidiasis detected and grew in culture milieu then gold nanoparticles (10 nanometers and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (10 - 15 nanometers in different consistencies add to this milieu and the least density of halting and the least density of killing fungi for different suspension thinness containing Candida albicans. The data were analyzed by spss 15 version software. Results The results showed that gold nanoparticles have a good anticandidial effects and can be used to treat infections of Candida, it is recommended that further research considered the effects of different infections candidiasis in In vitro condition. Conclusions Using gold nanoparticles with 10 nanometer diameters have high antifungal effect on oral candidiasis and its function has been proved. In current study halting effect of gold nanoparticles on micro-organisms experimented in different densities was observed.

  5. Interleukin-17-induced protein lipocalin 2 is dispensable for immunity to oral candidiasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ferreira, Maria Carolina; Whibley, Natasha; Mamo, Anna J; Siebenlist, Ulrich; Chan, Yvonne R; Gaffen, Sarah L

    2014-03-01

    Oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC; thrush) is an opportunistic fungal infection caused by the commensal microbe Candida albicans. Immunity to OPC is strongly dependent on CD4+ T cells, particularly those of the Th17 subset. Interleukin-17 (IL-17) deficiency in mice or humans leads to chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, but the specific downstream mechanisms of IL-17-mediated host defense remain unclear. Lipocalin 2 (Lcn2; 24p3; neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin [NGAL]) is an antimicrobial host defense factor produced in response to inflammatory cytokines, particularly IL-17. Lcn2 plays a key role in preventing iron acquisition by bacteria that use catecholate-type siderophores, and lipocalin 2(-/-) mice are highly susceptible to infection by Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The role of Lcn2 in mediating immunity to fungi is poorly defined. Accordingly, in this study, we evaluated the role of Lcn2 in immunity to oral infection with C. albicans. Lcn2 is strongly upregulated following oral infection with C. albicans, and its expression is almost entirely abrogated in mice with defective IL-17 signaling (IL-17RA(-/-) or Act1(-/-) mice). However, Lcn2(-/-) mice were completely resistant to OPC, comparably to wild-type (WT) mice. Moreover, Lcn2 deficiency mediated protection from OPC induced by steroid immunosuppression. Therefore, despite its potent regulation during C. albicans infection, Lcn2 is not required for immunity to mucosal candidiasis.

  6. Efeitos adversos de medicamentos tópicos e sistêmicos na mucosa bucal

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Loureiro

    2004-01-01

    Full Text Available Muitos medicamentos utilizados com ou sem prescrição de um profissional de saúde têm o potencial de causar reações adversas na mucosa bucal e, por esta razão, torna-se necessário que os profissionais a saúde estejam conscientes dos possíveis efeitos indesejáveis causados por cada droga, possibilitando um diagnóstico correto, e a conduta clínica adequada a fim de tomar as medidas necessárias para poder minimizá-los. Apresentamos neste trabalho uma revisão sobre os medicamentos que mais comumente podem causar estas alterações bucais.

  7. Pharmacokinetic properties of micafungin in critically ill patients diagnosed with invasive candidiasis

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Boonstra, J M; van der Elst, K C; Veringa, A; Jongedijk, E M; Brüggemann, R J; Koster, R A; Kampinga, G A; Kosterink, J G; van der Werf, T S; Zijlstra, J G; Touw, D J; Alffenaar, J W C

    2017-01-01

    Background: The estimated attributable mortality rate for invasive candidiasis (IC) in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) setting varies from 30-40%. Physiological changes in critically ill patients may affect the distribution and elimination of micafungin and therefore dosing adjustments might be

  8. Pulmonary candidiasis and CD4 count in HIV positive patients seen ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Pulmonary candidiasis and CD4 count in HIV positive patients seen in Jos, north central Nigeria. YJ Peter, AH Isa, AS Anzaku, MI Builders. Abstract. Background: Accurate and reliable diagnosis of HIV opportunistic infections plays a central role in effective HIV intervention programmes. Pulmonary infections are the leading ...

  9. Multifocal fibrosing thyroiditis: report of 55 cases of a poorly recognized entity.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fellegara, Giovanni; Rosai, Juan

    2015-03-01

    During the course of our consultation activity, we have recognized a peculiar form of thyroiditis in which multiple foci of fibrosis, most of which were associated with reactive atypia of the surrounding follicles, are present. We have referred to this condition, both in our consultation reports and in the third series of A.F.I.P. Fascicle on Tumors of the Thyroid Gland, as "multifocal fibrosing thyroiditis" or (less frequently) "multifocal sclerosing thyroiditis," which are descriptive terms that highlight the benign/inflammatory nature of the process, its multiplicity, and its unknown pathogenesis. The aim of this study is to better define the morphologic features of this process and correlate it with some clinical data. With this purpose, the consultation files of one of the authors (J.R.) were searched for cases coded as multifocal fibrosing thyroiditis or multifocal sclerosing thyroiditis in a 20-year period ranging from January 1989 to December 2009. A total of 55 cases were identified that displayed the above-listed features. There were 51 (93%) female and 4 (7%) male patients (F/M=12.75), with ages ranging between 15 and 71 years (mean age, 47.03 y; median age, 44.5 y). Microscopically, multiple foci of fibrosis were identified in all cases, their number ranging from 2 to 51 per case (mean number, 16), with a mean diameter of 3 mm (range: 0.36 to 15.1 mm). Although heterogenous in shape and size, the individual foci were rather similar to each other in composition, being characterized by a fibrotic poorly cellular center that merged with a cellular peripheral zone. Some of the follicular structures present at the periphery of the scar and-to a lesser extent-those entrapped inside it underwent complex reactive and regenerative (atypical) changes that simulated malignancy. We discuss the differential diagnosis with other benign and malignant thyroid conditions and speculate about its pathogenesis and possible relationship with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma.

  10. Inflammatory Ly6Chigh Monocytes Protect against Candidiasis through IL-15-Driven NK Cell/Neutrophil Activation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Domínguez-Andrés, Jorge; Feo-Lucas, Lidia; Minguito de la Escalera, María; González, Leticia; López-Bravo, María; Ardavín, Carlos

    2017-06-20

    Neutrophils play a crucial role in defense against systemic candidiasis, a disease associated with a high mortality rate in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy, although the early immune mechanisms that boost the candidacidal activity of neutrophils remain to be defined in depth. Here, we used a murine model of systemic candidiasis to explore the role of inflammatory Ly6C high monocytes in NK cell-mediated neutrophil activation during the innate immune response against C. albicans. We found that efficient anti-Candida immunity required a collaborative response between the spleen and kidney, which relied on type I interferon-dependent IL-15 production by spleen inflammatory Ly6C high monocytes to drive efficient activation and GM-CSF release by spleen NK cells; this in turn was necessary to boost the Candida killing potential of kidney neutrophils. Our findings unveil a role for IL-15 as a critical mediator in defense against systemic candidiasis and hold promise for the design of IL-15-based antifungal immunotherapies. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  11. Prótesis totales y lesiones bucales en adultos mayores institucionalizados Total Prosthetics and Oral Lesions in Institutionalized Elderly

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Beatriz García Alpízar

    2012-03-01

    Full Text Available Fundamento: las prótesis dentales constituyen una alternativa al perderse los dientes, pero no están exentas de provocar daños, que junto a la susceptibilidad de los tejidos, provocada por el envejecimiento e inadecuados estilos de vida, pueden llevar a la aparición de lesiones bucales. Objetivo: describir las características de pacientes portadores de prótesis totales y su relación con las lesiones bucales. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, con 93 ancianos institucionalizados portadores de prótesis total. Se utilizaron las pruebas de chi cuadrado y el riesgo relativo para determinar la asociación entre las variables: edad, sexo, higiene, estado de conservación, tiempo y frecuencia de uso de la prótesis, necesidades de prótesis, tipo de lesión, localización, hábito de fumar, enfermedades sistémicas y medicamentos empleados. Resultados: el 78,5 % de los ancianos presentó lesiones relacionadas con el uso de la prótesis. La estomatitis subprótesis fue la lesión más frecuente. La presencia de lesiones bucales fue significativa en aquellos con 80 años y más (100 %. El 95,8 % tenían prótesis deterioradas, y en la totalidad de ellos, las prótesis tenían 21 años y más de uso. El riesgo de desarrollar lesiones fue 2,98 veces superior en aquellos con una higiene bucal deficiente. El 100 % de los ancianos diabéticos y anémicos presentaron lesiones. Conclusiones: las lesiones bucales estuvieron muy relacionadas con los factores locales: estado de conservación, higiene, tiempo de uso de las prótesis; y con factores generales como: incremento de la edad, enfermedades sistémicas y uso de medicamentos para su tratamiento.Background: Prosthetics or dentures are an alternative to missing teeth. Nevertheless, they carry the risk of producing certain damage that, along with the susceptibility of the tissues caused by aging and inadequate lifestyles, can lead to the development of oral lesions. Objective: To describe the

  12. Staphylococcus spp. in the oral cavity and periodontal pockets of chronic periodontitis patients Staphylococcus spp. na cavidade bucal e na bolsa periodontal de indivíduos com periodontite crônica

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    Jussara Cia S. Loberto

    2004-06-01

    Full Text Available Staphylococcus spp are not usually isolated from the oral cavity, and when this occurs, they are considered to belong to the transitory microbiota. Individuals with periodontal disease represent possible reservoirs of these opportunistic bacteria in the oral cavity. The use of antibiotics for treatment of periodontal disease or other infections may predispose to the increase of the number of Staphylococcus spp. in the oral cavity. These microorganisms easily become resistant to antibiotics, and may result in superinfection. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of Staphylococcus spp. in the oral cavity and in periodontal pockets of patients with chronic periodontitis, identify the isolates and verify the relationship between the presence of Staphylococcus spp. in the oral cavity and presence of periodontal pockets. The study included eighty-eight patients, 25-60 years of age, with chronic periodontitis, and at least two sites with probing depth > 5 mm. Individual data examination was assessed. Then, samples were colleted from the periodontal pocket with the aid of paper tips and from the oral cavity through mouth rinses. Out of the total of patients, 37.50% presented Staphylococcus spp. in the periodontal pocket and 61.36% in the oral cavity, 27.27% presented the bacteria in both sites. S. epidermidis was the most prevalent specie in the periodontal pocket (15.9% and oral cavity (27.27%. The occurrence of higher proportions of nonresident's microorganisms in subgingival samples and oral sites may represent significant problem in causing and maintaining periodontal infections.Staphylococcus spp. não são usualmente isolados a partir da cavidade bucal. Quando presentes, são considerados pertencentes à microbiota transitória. Indivíduos que apresentam doença periodontal representam possíveis reservatórios dessas bactérias oportunistas na cavidade bucal. O uso de antibióticos para o tratamento da doença periodontal ou

  13. Diagnóstico educativo sobre salud bucal en embarazadas y madres con niños menores de un año

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Judit Martínez Abreu

    Full Text Available Introducción: la atención estomatológica en Cuba prioriza a embarazadas y madres con niños menores de un año. Objetivo: identificar los conocimientos sobre salud bucal de embarazadas y madres con niños menores de un año. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal, en el municipio Matanzas de 2010 a 2012. El universo fueron todas las embarazadas y madres con niños menores de un año. Se seleccionó una muestra no probabilística con las primeras 126 gestantes captadas y 126 madres que acudieran a puericultura, que dieron su consentimiento informado. Se aplicó la encuesta de conocimientos del Programa Nacional de Atención Estomatológica Integral a la Población y una lluvia de ideas para identificar los conocimientos favorables o no a la salud bucal, en relación a cuatro temas: caries dental, periodontopatías, brote dentario y maloclusiones. Se consideró el nivel de conocimientos bajo (menos de 70 puntos, medio (entre 71 y 89 puntos y alto (más de 90 puntos. Los datos obtenidos fueron procesados estadísticamente, se usó el porcentaje como medida de resumen. Resultados: entre los conocimientos favorables a la salud bucal estuvieron los relacionados con las medidas preventivas de caries dental y periodontopatías, como el cepillado, con 85,7 % en embarazadas y 95,2 % en madres con niños menores de un año. Los conocimientos desfavorables fueron los relacionados con el brote dentario con 96 % en embarazadas y 94,4 % en madres con niños menores de un año. Las madres con niños menores de un año, mostraron nivel de conocimientos medio (70,6 %, mientras que las embarazadas, mostraron nivel bajo (65,9 %. Conclusiones: las madres con niños menores de un año mostraron nivel de conocimientos sobre salud bucal, medio y las embarazadas mostraron un nivel bajo. Los conocimientos sobre brote dentario y maloclusiones fueron insuficientes, por lo que serán las principales temáticas para desarrollar

  14. Uso indiscriminado de tetraciclinas en afecciones bucales de origen odontógenas Overuse of tetracycline in oral diseases of odontogenous origin

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hilda Rodríguez Chala

    2007-03-01

    Full Text Available El uso de los antibióticos en la terapéutica de las enfermedades infecciosas constituyó un avance en la historia de la humanidad. Sin embargo, en la actualidad existe un uso indiscriminado de estos, que trae consigo la resistencia bacteriana y por ende, la no efectividad del mismo. Se realizó un estudio en 40 pacientes que ingerían la tetraciclina debido a afecciones bucales de origen odontógeno, con el objetivo de conocer cuáles eran las enfermedades bucales donde esta se utilizaba indiscriminadamente, así como los mecanismos (automedicación o prescripción. Se obtuvieron comos resultados que las odontalgias por alteraciones pulpares y los abscesos dentoalveolares agudos son las patologías bucales donde se usa irracionalmente la tetraciclina, tanto en el fenómeno de automedicación como en la prescripción por parte de facultativos. La automedicación fue la vía dónde se evidenció mayor uso de la tetraciclina con el 67,5 %, y se observaron varios factores que condicionan este comportamiento. Existió un elevado porcentaje de no efectividad de este ante afecciones bucales debido al uso indiscriminado, ya sea por no ser el antibiótico de elección ante la patología o por ser ingerido innecesariamente.The use of antibiotics in treating infectious diseases was a breakthrough in the history of mankind. However, there is at present an excessive use of these drugs that leads to antimicrobial resistance and ineffectiveness. Forty patients, who took tetracycline for oral diseases of odontogenous origin, were studied to find out the oral diseases where this drug was overused as well as the intake mechanisms (self-medication or prescription. The achieved results showed that odontalgias from pulpar disturbances and acute dentoalveolary abscesses are the oral pathologies where tetracycline is irrationally overused through self-medication and prescription by physicians. Self-medication was the most frequent way of administering tetracycline

  15. Exploring the methods of data analysis in multifocal visual evoked potentials

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Malmqvist, Lasse; Santiago de Abreu, Lucimar; Fraser, C.

    2016-01-01

    Purpose: The multifocal visual evoked potential (mfVEP) provides a topographical assessment of visual function, which has already shown potential for use in patients with glaucoma and multiple sclerosis. However, the variability in mfVEP measurements has limited its broader application. The purpo...

  16. Conhecimentos e práticas de saúde bucal de gestantes usuárias dos serviços de saúde em São Luís, Maranhão, 2007-2008

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fernanda Ferreira Lopes

    Full Text Available Resumo OBJETIVO: descrever as características dos cuidados de saúde bucal durante o acompanhamento pré-natal e o conhecimento sobre saúde bucal entre gestantes usuárias de serviços de saúde público e privado em São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil. MÉTODOS: estudo descritivo com 300 gestantes entrevistadas em serviço público e 300 em serviço privado, no período de agosto de 2007 a julho de 2008. RESULTADOS: a frequência de escovação dentária foi similar entre as usuárias dos serviços público e privado (p=0,156, enquanto o uso de fio dental (64,0% e 47,0%; p<0,001 e de colutórios (39,7% e 27,0%; p=0,001 foi mais frequente no serviço privado, em relação ao público; a maioria das usuárias, tanto do serviço público (60,3% como do privado (65,7%, desconheciam a associação entre saúde bucal e gravidez. CONCLUSÃO: a frequência de escovação dentária foi similar entre gestantes dos serviços público e privado; os efeitos da gestação sobre a saúde bucal eram pouco conhecidos.

  17. Molecular identification of candida species isolated from women with vulvovaginal candidiasis: brief report

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    Maryam Khanmohamadi

    2017-10-01

    Conclusion: Regarding to the results of this study, C. albicans was the most common Candida species, isolated from patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis and approximately 30% of this infection causing by non-albicans species of Candida.

  18. Candida albicans Germ-Tube Antibody: Evaluation of a New Automatic Assay for Diagnosing Invasive Candidiasis in ICU Patients.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Parra-Sánchez, Manuel; Zakariya-Yousef Breval, Ismail; Castro Méndez, Carmen; García-Rey, Silvia; Loza Vazquez, Ana; Úbeda Iglesias, Alejandro; Macías Guerrero, Desiree; Romero Mejías, Ana; León Gil, Cristobal; Martín-Mazuelos, Estrella

    2017-08-01

    Testing for Candida albicans germ-tube antibody IFA IgG assay (CAGTA) is used to detect invasive candidiasis infection. However, most suitable assays lack automation and rapid single-sample testing. The CAGTA assay was adapted in an automatic monotest system (invasive candidiasis [CAGTA] VirClia ® IgG monotest (VirClia ® ), a chemiluminescence assay with ready-to-use reagents that provides a rapid objective result. CAGTA assay was compared with the monotest automatic VirClia ® assay in order to establish the diagnostic reliability, accuracy, and usefulness of this method. A prospective study with 361 samples from 179 non-neutropenic critically ill adults patients was conducted, including 21 patients with candidemia, 18 with intra-abdominal candidiasis, 84 with Candida spp. colonization, and 56 with culture-negative samples, as well as samples from ten healthy subjects. Overall agreement between the two assays (CAGTA and VirCLIA) was 85.3%. These assays were compared with the gold-standard method to determine the sensitivity, specificity as well as positive and negative predictive values. In patients with candidemia, values for CAGTA and VirCLIA assays were 76.2 versus 85.7%, 80.3 versus 75.8%, 55.2 versus 52.9%, and 91.4 versus 94.3%, respectively. The corresponding values in patients with intra-abdominal candidiasis were 61.1 versus 66.7%, 80.3 versus 75.8%, 45.8 versus 42.9%, and 88.3 versus 89.3%, respectively. No differences were found according to the species of Candida isolated in culture, except for Candida albicans and C. parapsilosis, for which VirClia ® was better than CAGTA. According to these results, the automated VirClia ® assay was a reliable, rapid, and very easy to perform technique as tool for the diagnosis invasive candidiasis.

  19. A randomized phase III prospective trial of bethanechol to prevent mucositis, candidiasis, and taste loss in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiotherapy. A secondary analysis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Jham, B.C.; Chen, H.; Carvalho, A.L.; Freire, A.R.

    2009-01-01

    The aim of this study was to determine the impact of bethanechol administration concomitant to radiotherapy (RT) on oral mucositis, candidiasis and taste loss. We performed a secondary analysis of a previously conducted prospective randomized trial which evaluated the effect of bethanechol on salivary gland dysfunction before, during, and after RT for head and neck cancer (HNC), in comparison to artificial saliva. Mucositis, candidiasis and taste loss were analyzed in 36 patients. Mucositis was scored using the World Health Organization (WHO) method; candidiasis was diagnosed by means of clinical examination, whereas taste loss was assessed by the patients' subjective report of absence of taste. No significant differences were observed between groups in relation to frequency and severity of mucositis or frequency of candidiasis and taste loss. In conclusion, bethanechol does not appear to reduce the incidence of mucositis, candidiasis, and taste loss when administered during RT. (author)

  20. Reação liquenoide à carbamazepina em mucosa bucal: relato de caso Lichenoid reaction to carbamazepine in the oral mucosa: case report

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gabriela Artico

    2011-08-01

    Full Text Available As reações liquenoides por drogas são mais comuns na pele, mas também podem ocorrer na mucosa bucal. Estas lesões são de difícil diagnóstico por causa de sua semelhança clínica com às do líquen plano oral idiopático. O presente artigo relata um caso de reação liquenoide em mucosa bucal, associado ao uso de carbamazepina, no qual o processo de diagnóstico é enfatizadoLichenoid drug reactions are more commom in skin, but they may also occur in the oral mucosa. It is difficult to diagnose these lesions due to their clinical similarity to the idiopathic oral lichen planus lesions. The present article reports a case of lichenoid reaction in oral mucosa associated to the use of carbamazepine, emphasizing the diagnostic process

  1. Thallium-201 accumulation in cerebral candidiasis: Unexpected finding on SPECT

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Tonami, N.; Matsuda, H.; Ooba, H.; Yokoyama, K.; Hisada, K.; Ikeda, K.; Yamashita, J.

    1990-01-01

    The authors present an unexpected finding of Tl-201 uptake in the intracerebral lesions due to candidiasis. SPECT demonstrated the extent of the lesions and a high target-to-background ratio. The regions where abnormal Tl-201 accumulation was seen were nearly consistent with CT scans of those enhanced by a contrast agent. After treatment, most of the abnormal Tl-201 accumulation disappeared

  2. Thallium-201 accumulation in cerebral candidiasis: Unexpected finding on SPECT

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Tonami, N.; Matsuda, H.; Ooba, H.; Yokoyama, K.; Hisada, K.; Ikeda, K.; Yamashita, J. (Kanazawa Univ. (Japan))

    1990-06-01

    The authors present an unexpected finding of Tl-201 uptake in the intracerebral lesions due to candidiasis. SPECT demonstrated the extent of the lesions and a high target-to-background ratio. The regions where abnormal Tl-201 accumulation was seen were nearly consistent with CT scans of those enhanced by a contrast agent. After treatment, most of the abnormal Tl-201 accumulation disappeared.

  3. Invasive candidiasis: future directions in non-culture based diagnosis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Posch, Wilfried; Heimdörfer, David; Wilflingseder, Doris; Lass-Flörl, Cornelia

    2017-09-01

    Delayed initial antifungal therapy is associated with high mortality rates caused by invasive candida infections, since accurate detection of the opportunistic pathogenic yeast and its identification display a diagnostic challenge. diagnosis of candida infections relies on time-consuming methods such as blood cultures, serologic and histopathologic examination. to allow for fast detection and characterization of invasive candidiasis, there is a need to improve diagnostic tools. trends in diagnostics switch to non-culture-based methods, which allow specified diagnosis within significantly shorter periods of time in order to provide early and appropriate antifungal treatment. Areas covered: within this review comprise novel pathogen- and host-related testing methods, e.g. multiplex-PCR analyses, T2 magnetic resonance, fungus-specific DNA microarrays, microRNA characterization or analyses of IL-17 as biomarker for early detection of invasive candidiasis. Expert commentary: Early recognition and diagnosis of fungal infections is a key issue for improved patient management. As shown in this review, a broad range of novel molecular based tests for the detection and identification of Candida species is available. However, several assays are in-house assays and lack standardization, clinical validation as well as data on sensitivity and specificity. This underscores the need for the development of faster and more accurate diagnostic tests.

  4. Upper Extremity Multifocal Neuropathy in a 10-Year-Old Boy Associated With NS6S Disaccharide Antibodies.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Edelman, Frederick; Naddaf, Elie; Waclawik, Andrew J

    2015-06-01

    We present a 10-year-old boy with a predominantly motor multifocal neuropathy with demyelinating and axonal changes with sensory involvement, affecting only one upper extremity. Laboratory studies revealed an elevated titer of immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies against the NS6S antigen. He responded to treatment with high dose intravenous immunoglobulins. Focal or multifocal immune-mediated neuropathies are not common in children and may be underdiagnosed. © The Author(s) 2014.

  5. Educación Comunitaria en Salud Bucal para niños Community Education for childrens buccal health

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nerys Tayme Tan Suárez

    2003-08-01

    Full Text Available Con el objetivo de determinar la influencia de las técnicas afectivo-participativas para la promoción de salud bucal en niños se realizó un estudio de intervención en el consultorio 61 área Oeste de la ciudad de Camagüey. La muestra quedó constituida por 35 infantes. Se realizarón dos exámenes; el primero antes de las actividades educativas y el segundo concluidas estas, se les tomó el Índice de Análisis de la Higiene Bucal de Love, el Índice MEDI-MED de Rossetti y una entrevista estructurada para valorar el nivel de información. Se ejecutaron dos sesiones educativas mensuales durante un trimestre. Como conclusión se obtuvo que dichas técnicas constituyeron una opción válida para la promoción de salud bucal porque después de ejecutadas casi la totalidad de los pequeños obtuvieron bien en la eficiencia del cepillado, predominando las mentes y encías sanas, el promedio de dientes permanentes sanos no sufrió cambios y el nivel de información satisfactorio fue alcanzado por la mayoría.With the objective of determining the influence of the affective-participative techniques for the promotion of buccal health in children, an intervention study in clinic 61, West area of Camagüey city was carried out. The sample was constituted by 35 infants. Two exams were carried out; the first one before the educational activities and the second one after concluding these. The Index of Buccal Hygiene Analysis of Love, the MEDI-MED Index of Rossetti and an interview structured in order to value the level of information of these children were used. Two monthly educational sessions were made during a trimester. To sum up, these techniques constituted a valid option for the promotion of buccal health because after applying them almost all children obtained a good mark in the efficiency of teeth brushing, prevailing healthy minds and gums, the average of healthy permanent teeth didn't suffer any changes and a satisfactory level of information

  6. Prevalence Rate of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis and Identification of Candida Species in Women in Referred to Hamedan Hospitals 2013 - 2014, West of Iran

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Reza Habibipour

    2016-03-01

    Full Text Available Background Vulvovaginal candidiasis is a common gynecological finding among the women worldwide. Objectives In this study determine of prevalence rate of vulvovaginal candidiasis and identification of Candida species was investigated. Patients and Methods In this cross-sectional study study, 350 females selected and examined by wet mount and culture procedure. Results The prevalence rate, by means of culture procedure was 26%. Candida albicans was responsible for 81.3% episodes of volvovaginal candidiasis. Conclusions In order to decrease the prevalence rate of vulvovaginitis, more epidemiological surveillance and accurate informative programs about public health care, symptoms and signs and transmission ways should be performed in the future.

  7. Safety, Efficacy, and Exposure-Response of Voriconazole in Pediatric Patients With Invasive Aspergillosis, Invasive Candidiasis or Esophageal Candidiasis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Martin, Judith M; Macias-Parra, Mercedes; Mudry, Peter; Conte, Umberto; Yan, Jean L; Liu, Ping; Capparella, M Rita; Aram, Jalal A

    2017-01-01

    Data on safety and efficacy of voriconazole for invasive aspergillosis (IA) and invasive candidiasis/esophageal candidiasis (IC/EC) in pediatric patients are limited. Patients aged 2-<18 years with IA and IC/EC were enrolled in 2 prospective open-label, non-comparative studies of voriconazole. Patients followed dosing regimens based on age, weight and indication, with adjustments permitted. Treatment duration was 6-12 weeks for IA patients, ≥14 days after last positive Candida culture for IC patients and ≥7 days after signs/symptoms resolution for EC patients. Primary analysis for both the studies was safety and tolerability of voriconazole. Secondary end points included global response success at week 6 and end of treatment (EOT), all-causality mortality and time to death. Voriconazole exposure-response relationship was explored. Of 53 voriconazole-treated pediatric patients (31 IA; 22 IC/EC), 14 had proven/probable IA, 7 had confirmed IC and 10 had confirmed EC. Treatment-related hepatic and visual adverse events, respectively, were reported in 22.6% and 16.1% of IA patients, and 22.7% and 27.3% of IC/EC patients. All-causality mortality in IA patients was 14.3% at week 6; no deaths were attributed to voriconazole. No deaths were reported for IC/EC patients. Global response success rate was 64.3% (week 6 and EOT) in IA patients and 76.5% (EOT) in IC/EC patients. There was no association between voriconazole exposure and efficacy; however, a slight positive association between voriconazole exposure and hepatic adverse events was established. Safety and efficacy outcomes in pediatric patients with IA and IC/EC were consistent with previous findings in adult patients.

  8. Analysis of Vaginal Cell Populations during Experimental Vaginal Candidiasis

    OpenAIRE

    Fidel, Paul L.; Luo, Wei; Steele, Chad; Chabain, Joseph; Baker, Marc; Wormley, Floyd

    1999-01-01

    Studies with an estrogen-dependent murine model of vaginal candidiasis suggest that local cell-mediated immunity (CMI) is more important than systemic CMI for protection against vaginitis. The present study, however, showed that, compared to uninfected mice, little to no change in the percentage or types of vaginal T cells occurred during a primary vaginal infection or during a secondary vaginal infection where partial protection was observed. Furthermore, depletion of polymorphonuclear leuko...

  9. Vaginal microbiology of women with acute recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis.

    OpenAIRE

    Sobel, J D; Chaim, W

    1996-01-01

    Alterations in the autochthonous vaginal microflora can predispose women to recurring attacks of Candida vaginitis. Quantitative aerobic and anaerobic cultures were obtained from 24 premenopausal women with acute recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis and from 21 healthy asymptomatic premenopausal women. Lactobacillus species constituted the predominant flora in both groups, with a mean log10 CFU/ml of 8.7, a total isolation rate of 96%, and a mean of 1.6 Lactobacillus species isolated per patien...

  10. Species distribution and in vitro antifungal susceptibility of oral yeast isolates from Tanzanian HIV-infected patients with primary and recurrent oropharyngeal candidiasis

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    Rijs Antonius JMM

    2008-08-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background In Tanzania, little is known on the species distribution and antifungal susceptibility profiles of yeast isolates from HIV-infected patients with primary and recurrent oropharyngeal candidiasis. Methods A total of 296 clinical oral yeasts were isolated from 292 HIV-infected patients with oropharyngeal candidiasis at the Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Identification of the yeasts was performed using standard phenotypic methods. Antifungal susceptibility to fluconazole, itraconazole, miconazole, clotrimazole, amphotericin B and nystatin was assessed using a broth microdilution format according to the guidelines of the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI; M27-A2. Results Candida albicans was the most frequently isolated species from 250 (84.5% patients followed by C. glabrata from 20 (6.8% patients, and C. krusei from 10 (3.4% patients. There was no observed significant difference in species distribution between patients with primary and recurrent oropharyngeal candidiasis, but isolates cultured from patients previously treated were significantly less susceptible to the azole compounds compared to those cultured from antifungal naïve patients. Conclusion C. albicans was the most frequently isolated species from patients with oropharyngeal candidiasis. Oral yeast isolates from Tanzania had high level susceptibility to the antifungal agents tested. Recurrent oropharyngeal candidiasis and previous antifungal therapy significantly correlated with reduced susceptibility to azoles antifungal agents.

  11. Influence of Near-Segment Positioning in a Rotationally Asymmetric Multifocal Intraocular Lens.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Song, In Seok; Yoon, Sam Young; Kim, Jae Yong; Kim, Myoung Joon; Tchah, Hungwon

    2016-04-01

    To compare visual performance and higher order aberrations (HOAs) based on the position of the near segment in eyes with rotationally asymmetric multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs). Asymmetric multifocal IOLs (Lentis Mplus LS-313; Oculentis Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) were implanted with the near segment positioned either inferiorly, superiorly, or temporally. Uncorrected distance (UDVA), intermediate (UIVA), and near (UNVA) visual acuity, corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), and distance-corrected intermediate (DCIVA) and near (DCNVA) visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, HOAs, and subjective symptom questionnaires were compared at 1 month postoperatively. Forty-five eyes from 45 patients were evaluated (n = 25, 9, and 11 eyes in the inferior, superior, and temporal groups, respectively). No significant differences in UDVA, UIVA, UNVA, CDVA, DCIVA, or DCNVA were found between the three groups (P > .05). The temporal group showed the best results in UDVA, CDVA, and DCNVA, but the inferior group showed the best results in DCIVA and UNVA and the superior group showed the best results in UIVA. Contrast sensitivity and the subjective symptom questionnaire also did not demonstrate any significant differences (P > .05). Total HOA and spherical aberration did not demonstrate any statistically significant differences (P > .05), but vertical coma and horizontal coma demonstrated significant differences based on near segment position (P < .001). The position of the near segment in eyes with rotationally asymmetric multifocal IOLs demonstrates no significant effect on visual performance. Copyright 2016, SLACK Incorporated.

  12. [Treatment of chronic recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis with fluconazole (fungolon--Actavis)].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Borisov, I; Kolarov, G; Bobcheva, S; Ivanova, A

    2005-01-01

    The object of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of peroral administration of Fluconazole (Fungolon caps. 50 mg - "Actavis") in dose 150 mg (3 caps. x 50 mg) once weekly for a period of 6 months. 50 female patients of reproductive age with chronic vulvovaginal candidiasis caused by C. albicans with three or more recurrences per year were enrolled in an open trial prospective study and 42 women were evaluated before and after treatment. Clinical improvement was observed in 81% of the patients after treatment Microbiological cure was observed in 86% of the patients (36/42). Positive cultures for C. albicans after treatment had 6 patients. Four of these 6 patients had duration of the chronic candidiasis for more than 3 years. Side effects during the treatment were not significant and might not be directly correlated with the administration of fluconazole. There was no cessation of therapy due to side effects. 53.3% of the patients accepted positively the long duration of therapy while 30% found the long duration of treatment a major inconvenience. Fluconazole is easily administrated well tolerated and is suitable for the long treatment of chronic vulvovaginal candididasis.

  13. Freqüência e atividade enzimática de Candida albicans isoladas da mucosa bucal de crianças de uma creche da prefeitura de Fortaleza Frequency and enzymatic activity of Candida albicans isolated from the buccal mucosa of children of a day-care center of the city hall of Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil

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    Everardo Albuquerque Menezes

    2005-02-01

    Full Text Available As candidíases bucais (também chamadas sapinhos que ocorrem em crianças são causadas por uma deficiência imunológica, bem como por outros fatores tais como má higiene bucal e esterilização inadequada dos utensílios utilizados pelas mesmas, que potencializam a ocorrência dessa infecção fúngica. Considerando esse fato, foram avaliadas a freqüência e a atividade enzimática de Candida sp. isoladas em crianças de uma creche pública (Aprisco na cidade de Fortaleza, Ceará. Foram coletadas amostras da mucosa bucal de 364 alunos de 1 a 5 anos de idade. Elas foram semeadas em ágar Sabouraud dextrose com cloranfenicol, incubadas por 72 horas a 37ºC e identificadas por testes micológicos. Verificou-se que 67 (18% apresentaram leveduras do gênero Candida. A Candida albicans foi a mais freqüente, com 30 isolados (45%, seguida pelas C. tropicalis (31%, C. guilliermondii (17%, C. glabrata (4,5% e C. stellatoidea (1,5%. Com relação às atividades enzimáticas das cepas de Candida albicans, 20% produziram a enzima proteinase e 33%, a fosfolipase. As Candida albicans isoladas da mucosa bucal de crianças dessa creche da prefeitura apresentaram uma fraca atividade enzimática. Assim, conclui-se que essas cepas parecem ter uma baixa virulência.Immunedefficiency is one of the main causes of buccal candidiasis, also called thrush, in children. Other factors like inadequate mouth hygiene and inappropriate sterilization utensils potentialize this fungal infection. Considering these facts, Candida sp. frequency and enzymatic activity were evaluated in 364 stocks from mouth mucous of one to five year-old children from a public day care center in Fortaleza, Ceará (Brazil. The samples were cultured in dextrose Sabouraud with chloranfenicol agar and incubated for 72 hours at 37°C. They were identified by mycological tests. It was verified that 67 samples (18% presented Candida sp. and the most frequent genus was Candida albicans (30

  14. Vaccine and Monoclonal Antibody That Enhance Mouse Resistance to Candidiasis

    Science.gov (United States)

    Xin, Hong; Cutler, Jim E.

    2011-01-01

    Previously we showed that antibodies specific for the glycan β-1,2-mannotriose [β-(Man)3] on the cell surface of Candida albicans protect mice against disseminated candidiasis (H. Xin, S. Dziadek, D. R. Bundle, and J. E. Cutler, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 105:13526–13531, 2008). Furthermore, six 14-mer peptides that are within the N-terminal portion of C. albicans wall proteins were conjugated to the glycan in an attempt to create immunogenic glycopeptide conjugates. By a dendritic cell (DC)-based immunization approach, all were immunogenic and three of the six conjugates induced a high degree of protection in mice. Interestingly, whereas all six peptides induced antibody responses when used alone to pulse DCs for subsequent immunizations, three peptides induced protection, and one in particular, peptide Fba (derived from fructose-bisphosphate aldolase), induced robust protective responses and is the focus of the current work. Fba peptide is not restricted by the major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II), as it induced anti-Fba antibodies in mice of different H-2 haplotypes and in rabbits. Furthermore, the peptide induced protection against disease caused by different C. albicans strains. Partial protection was achieved when alum was used in place of DCs for Fba immunizations. The passive transfer of immune sera from Fba-vaccinated mice, but not immune serum preabsorbed with fungal cells, conferred protection in naïve mice. This result, along with our finding that a monoclonal antibody specific for the peptide, E2-9 (IgM), protected mice against candidiasis, provide strong evidence that antibodies contribute to protection. Our work demonstrates the utility of cell wall peptides alone or as glycopeptides in vaccines designed for the induction of immunity against candidiasis and monoclonal antibodies as a rapid immunoprotective approach against the disease. PMID:21832099

  15. The Effects of Hashimoto Thyroiditis on Lymph Node Metastases in Unifocal and Multifocal Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhu, Feng; Shen, Yi Bin; Li, Fu Qiang; Fang, Yun; Hu, Liang; Wu, Yi Jun

    2016-01-01

    Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors for central and lateral neck lymph node metastases in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and multifocal papillary thyroid carcinoma (MPTC), particularly when associated with Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT). A retrospective analysis of 763 consecutive patients who underwent total thyroidectomy with bilateral central neck dissection in the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University between October 2011 and October 2014 was conducted. All patients had formal histological diagnoses of HT. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors of neck lymph node metastases. Our study identified 277 PTC patients with HT and showed comparatively low rates of central lymph node metastases (CLNM) compared with the PTC patients without HT (37.2% versus 54.7%, P thyroid peroxidase antibody >140 IU/mL was established as the most sensitive and specific level for the prediction of MPTC based on receiver operating characteristic curve analyses. Thyroid peroxidase antibody, age, tumor size, and multifocality exhibited the ability to predict CLNM in PTC with HT patients with an area under the curve of 81.1% based on a multivariate model. Hashimoto thyroiditis was associated with increased prevalences of multifocality and capsular invasion. In contrast, HT was associated with a reduced risk of CLNM in PTC and MPTC patients, which indicated a potential protective effect. We found that the prognostic prediction model was applicable for predicting multifocality and CLNM in PTC patients with HT. PMID:26871795

  16. Efficacy and safety of miconazole for oral candidiasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, L-W; Fu, J-Y; Hua, H; Yan, Z-M

    2016-04-01

    The objective of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of miconazole for treating oral candidiasis. Twelve electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials evaluating treatments for oral candidiasis and complemented by hand searching. The clinical and mycological outcomes, as well as adverse effects, were set as the primary outcome criteria. Seventeen trials were included in this review. Most studies were considered to have a high or moderate level of bias. Miconazole was more effective than nystatin for thrush. For HIV-infected patients, there was no significant difference in the efficacy between miconazole and other antifungals. For denture wearers, microwave therapy was significantly better than miconazole. No significant difference was found in the safety evaluation between miconazole and other treatments. The relapse rate of miconazole oral gel may be lower than that of other formulations. This systematic review and meta-analysis indicated that miconazole may be an optional choice for thrush. Microwave therapy could be an effective adjunct treatment for denture stomatitis. Miconazole oral gel may be more effective than other formulations with regard to long-term results. However, future studies that are adequately powered, large-scale, and well-designed are needed to provide higher-quality evidence for the management of oral candidiasis. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  17. Comportamiento epidemiológico del Programa de Detección del Cáncer Bucal en Puerto Padre

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    Elva Zayas Sánchez

    2014-10-01

    Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en el municipio de Puerto Padre, provincia de Las Tunas, Cuba, en el período comprendido desde febrero de 2011 a febrero de 2012, con el objetivo de describir el comportamiento epidemiológico del programa de detección del cáncer bucal. De un universo de 105 pacientes remitidos se seleccionó una muestra de 99 pacientes. Se estudiaron variables cuantitativas y cualitativas, la información se obtuvo de fuentes secundarias, como las historias clínicas, los registros de las unidades y los indicadores de los servicios. Se encontró que predominó dentro de los pacientes remitidos el grupo de adultos mayores (mayores de 60 años y el sexo masculino. El servicio estomatológico del área de salud de Vázquez remitió el mayor número de pacientes, fue bajo el porciento de pacientes remitidos con relación al total de examinados. El factor de riesgo de mayor prevalencia fue el tabaquismo, la exposición solar superó al alcoholismo. La lesión más frecuente fue la leucoplasia y la zona de la cavidad bucal más afectada el labio inferior. Fue alto el porciento de pacientes remitidos con neoplasias malignas

  18. Primary multifocal tuberculous osteomyelitis with involvement of the ribs

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Chang, D.S. [New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York (United States); Rafii, M.; McGuinness, G. [Department of Radiology, NYU Medical Center, New York, NY (United States); Jagirdar, J.S. [Department of Pathology, NYU Medical Center, New York, New York (United States)

    1998-11-01

    Two cases of primary multifocal tuberculous osteomyelitis with involvement of the rib cage are presented. The lungs were normal and the appearance of the skeletal lesions did not suggest tuberculosis. These lesions were predominantly lytic, with minimal soft tissue involvement. Tuberculosis should be high in the differential diagnosis of multiple destructive bone lesions, especially in patients from regions where tuberculosis is endemic. (orig.) With 5 figs., 21 refs.

  19. La salud bucal en los jóvenes de la Corporación de Residencias Universitarias 10 de mayo: una aproximación desde la determinación social con énfasis en pertenencia étnica

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    Shirley Andrade Benavides

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Investigar la determinación social de la salud bucal de los estudiantes universitarios pertenecientes a comunidades indígenas y afrocolombianos del sur occidente del país, domiciliarios de las Residencias Universitarias 10 de Mayo. Métodos: Se realizo un estudio descriptivo con apoyo en una encuesta individual fundamentada en la Determinación Social, DS. Resultados: La mayor parte de la población es de género femenino y presenta mejor salud bucal que los hombres. Esto se explica por los cambios alimentarios, culturales y sociales, así como el choque con nuevas formas de pensamiento. La mayoría pierde acceso a las Empresas Promotoras de Salud (EPS y subsisten solo con la cobertura de los servicios de bienestar universitario y en algunos casos con apoyo de otros servicios sociales. Conclusiones: La desigualdad social y la falta de acceso a políticas de equidad en salud determinan la salud bucal y el bienestar humano. Aunque se pudo constatar que cuentan con la información sobre cuidado en salud bucal, las condiciones de acceso a la educación son mínimas y tienen otras prioridades. Si bien la calidad de vida del individuo y sunúcleo familiar se puede mejorar, se reconoce que la salud bucal puede aportar a este propósito hábitos saludables de higiene, alimentación y autocuidados. Recomendaciones: Es necesario ampliar la cobertura de servicios de salud de los universitarios y especialmente de los grupos étnicos considerados minoría. Se deben hacer realidad los planteamientos de reconocimiento a las minorías por parte del gobierno. Es necesario un acompañamiento oportuno en primeros semestres.

  20. Activity of Potent and Selective Host Defense Peptide Mimetics in Mouse Models of Oral Candidiasis

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ryan, Lisa K.; Freeman, Katie B.; Masso-Silva, Jorge A.; Falkovsky, Klaudia; Aloyouny, Ashwag; Markowitz, Kenneth; Hise, Amy G.; Fatahzadeh, Mahnaz; Scott, Richard W.

    2014-01-01

    There is a strong need for new broadly active antifungal agents for the treatment of oral candidiasis that not only are active against many species of Candida, including drug-resistant strains, but also evade microbial countermeasures which may lead to resistance. Host defense peptides (HDPs) can provide a foundation for the development of such agents. Toward this end, we have developed fully synthetic, small-molecule, nonpeptide mimetics of the HDPs that improve safety and other pharmaceutical properties. Here we describe the identification of several HDP mimetics that are broadly active against C. albicans and other species of Candida, rapidly fungicidal, and active against yeast and hyphal cultures and that exhibit low cytotoxicity for mammalian cells. Importantly, specificity for Candida over commensal bacteria was also evident, thereby minimizing potential damage to the endogenous microbiome which otherwise could favor fungal overgrowth. Three compounds were tested as topical agents in two different mouse models of oral candidiasis and were found to be highly active. Following single-dose administrations, total Candida burdens in tongues of infected animals were reduced up to three logs. These studies highlight the potential of HDP mimetics as a new tool in the antifungal arsenal for the treatment of oral candidiasis. PMID:24752272