PRINCIPLE OF CABOTAGE WITHIN AVIATION ACTIVITIES IN INDONESIA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Harry Purwanto

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Liberalization their logging services makes the concept of cabotage which was known in the field of shipping, has now become part of the field of aviation. Such a situation when associated with the concept of state sovereignty in the air space, juridically has caused a serious intersection. In countries that do not accept the concept of air cabotage, often found smuggling air cabotage laws. Thus requiring the state government concerned to judicial action in order to protect its national airline company, including the Government of Indonesia. Adanya Liberalisasi jasa penebangan menjadikan konsep cabotage yang tadinya dikenal dalam bidang pelayaran, kini menjadi bagian dalam bidang penerbangan. Situasi demikian bila dikaitkan dengan konsep kedaulatan negara di ruang udara, secara yuridis telah menimbulkan persinggungan yang cukup serius. Pada negara yang belum menerima konsep cabotage udara, sering ditemukan penyelundupan hukum cabotage udara. Sehingga mengharuskan pemerintah negara yang bersangkutan melakukan tindakan yuridis dalam rangka melindungi perusahaan penerbangan nasionalnya, termasuk Pemerintah Indonesia.

Page | 71 CABOTAGE REGIMES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Fr. Ikenga

must necessarily traverse the high seas to reach the destination port14. ..... containers moved by foreign-flag vessels as a result of pressure from local ... involvement in Nigerian coastal trade due mainly to non-availability of required ...

Modeling and Solving the Liner Shipping Service Selection Problem

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Karsten, Christian Vad; Balakrishnan, Anant

We address a tactical planning problem, the Liner Shipping Service Selection Problem (LSSSP), facing container shipping companies. Given estimated demand between various ports, the LSSSP entails selecting the best subset of non-simple cyclic sailing routes from a given pool of candidate routes...... to accurately model transshipment costs and incorporate routing policies such as maximum transit time, maritime cabotage rules, and operational alliances. Our hop-indexed arc flow model is smaller and easier to solve than path flow models. We outline a preprocessing procedure that exploits both the routing...... requirements and the hop limits to reduce problem size, and describe techniques to accelerate the solution procedure. We present computational results for realistic problem instances from the benchmark suite LINER-LIB....

Cuban advances in the application of nuclear techniques in petroleum prospection

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rodriguez Martinez, Norma; Montero Cabrera, Maria Elena

1997-01-01

Accumulated experience demonstrates how effective is the utilization of nuclear techniques in oil prospection. Until a little while ago the national geophysical service had a wide complex of nuclear and radioactive methods that were including: Methods Neutron compensated Gamma Density Cabotage Gamma and Natural Gamma for evaluating the properties of capacity and filtration of the hydrocarbons reservoirs. Neutronic Impulses Generating Method for determining and specifying the water-oil contact zone within the hydrocarbon deposits, radioactive tracers for: 1- detecting breakdowns in the coating pipeline of the wells, 2- for determining zones of losses of circulation of the fluid in the wells; Furthermore in laboratory conditions are used other nuclear analytical techniques: Neutron Activation Analysis, X-Ray Fluorescence, gamma spectrometry to determine multielemental composition of rocks including the traces elements. The determination, have permitted us to characterize each one of the sequences and they are used as a criterion for their stratigraphic differentiation at the same time, they are techniques-considering their affectation to neutronic methods

The Plurality of Harbors at Caesarea: The Southern Anchorage in Late Antiquity

Science.gov (United States)

Ratzlaff, Alexandra; Galili, Ehud; Waiman-Barak, Paula; Yasur-Landau, Assaf

2017-08-01

The engineering marvel of Sebastos, or Portus Augusti as it was called in Late Antiquity (284-638 CE), dominated Caesarea's harbor center along modern Israel's central coast but it was only one part of a larger maritime complex. The Southern Anchorage provides a case study as one portion of the Caesarea complex, as well as a node within the regional network of anchorages and small harbors. Ceramics recovered from here show a high percentage of locally, and provincially, produced storage jars engaged in maritime trade. The ceramic evidence points towards an intensified regional trade or cabotage rather than favouring long distance trade from large port to port. Working out of these small harbors, opportunities arose for greater flexibility in specialization of commodities and materials passing through the network of subsidiary ports, contributing to a more diversified market economy. This analysis provides another example in the growing focus on how these simple and semi-modified anchorages in the Eastern Mediterranean were often the predominant economic networks connecting hinterland and coastal trade.

Internationalisation in Road Transport of Goods in Norway: Safety Outcomes, Risk Factors and Policy Implications

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tor-Olav Nævestad

2017-09-01

Full Text Available The European Union (EU promotes a gradual lifting of restrictions on foreign hauliers involved in domestic road transport of goods (cabotage, and liberalization of the current road cabotage rules may further increase the proportion of foreign heavy goods vehicles (HGVs on Norwegian roads. The aims of the present study are to: (1 Examine the safety outcomes of increasing internationalisation in (Norwegian road transport of goods; and (2 Discuss the importance of potential risk factors related to increasing proportions of foreign HGVs on Norwegian roads. We use four data sources to shed light on the aims. Results show that foreign HGVs account for 6% of the average domestic transport in Norway, and 11% of the HGVs involved in personal injury accidents. Additionally, foreign HGVs have a three times higher risk of single vehicle accidents, and twice the risk of head-on collisions. Foreign HGV drivers also seem more likely to trigger fatal accidents. We conclude that two risk factors seem to be important: (1 experience with/competence on Norwegian roads and (2 winter driving. Thus, the safety challenge is not that the drivers are foreign, but that they to some extent lack experience with, and competence on, the Norwegian road networks and the challenges that these roads may pose (e.g., narrow roads with high gradients, many curves, snow and ice. Previous research from other countries has also found that lacking experience with national road networks is an important risk factor. Given our results on risk factors, we may hypothesize that if foreign HGV drivers get more experience and education on Norwegian driving conditions, then increased internationalization could perhaps be of less concern in road safety. When discussing the higher accident risk and lower experience of foreign HGV drivers in Norway, it is important to note that the reason for foreign HGV drivers, working for foreign hauliers, to drive in Norway is that there are customers of the

Lettres avril 1853-avril 1854. Première campagne de grande pêche et de cabotage

OpenAIRE

Conan, Joseph

2018-01-01

En avril 1853, le brick Saint-Brieuc, commandé par Joseph Conan, est armé à Saint-Brieuc puis expédié pour la pêche à la morue à Terre-Neuve. Il part de Dahouët le 27 avril et arrive au Havre des Griguets le 30 mai. C’est un navire de 217 tonneaux de jauge qui a été construit en 1846 à Saint-Malo. Acheté par Mathieu Rubin de Rays, il a été depuis lors commandé par Jean-François Hamonet originaire de Pléneuf. Il a effectué plusieurs campagnes de pêche à Terre-Neuve entrecoupées par des campagn...

Entre impératifs stratégiques et subsistance civile : approvisionnement insulaire, cabotage et petits ports en Bretagne-sud au XVIIIe siècle

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Christophe Cérino

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Over the past few years researchers in maritime history have shown a marked interest in port microsites and the modes of local coastal navigation. The present article is a contribution to this field: it illustrates the dynamics of Eighteenth-Century small ports in Southern Brittany which had to supply a strategic fortress of major importance for the kingdom of France. This computer-assisted case study bears on relatively neglected sources (the archives of the service of military supplies. It sheds some light on the living conditions of a garrison in the early modern age, assesses island-supplying problems and tackles the procedures used to remedy them.

PERJANJIAN CARTER KAPAL NIAGA DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM PERJANJIAN DI INDONESIA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hendra Djaja

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Law no 17 year 2008 about voyage applies a sabotage principle. This principle is significantly proven that itincreases the use of ship with Indonesian flag on it in all activities in voyage sector in Indonesian law territory,so it reduces �the dependence� to the ships with foreign flags. This principle does not influence so much to thedynamics of the commerce transportation company need to rent the ships either foreign ships or Indonesianones through the mechanism of the chartering of vessels or charter party, except if the policy of �sea toll� isreally implemented. Generally there are three kinds of charter party namely voyage charter, time charter andbareboat charter. The contract content of this vessel charter fully obeys the freedom of parties. However,practically in commerce voyage, there are various kinds of charter contracts forming standard charter party(approved documents that arrange like essential clauses or additional clause that must be understood well bythe parties. This understanding is important because it has an impact for not only the parties tied to charterparty but also their responsibility on the loss of transportation users.�Undang Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2008 tentang Pelayaran menerapkan asas cabotage.Asas ini secara signifikanterbukti meningkatkan penggunaan kapal berbendera Indonesia dalam seluruh aktivitas kegiatan usaha sektorpelayaran di wilayah hukum Indonesia, sehingga mengurangi �ketergantungan� terhadap kapal berbenderaasing.Asas tersebut tidak terlalu berpengaruh terhadap dinamika kebutuhan perusahaan angkutan niagauntuk menyewa kapal, baik asing maupun sesama kapal niaga Indonesia melalui mekanisme the chartering ofvessels atau charter party, kecuali apabila kebijakan �Tol Laut� pemerintah sekarang ini betul-betuldiimplementasikan.Secara umum terdapat tiga jenis charter party yaitu voyage charter, time charter danbareboat charter. Isi perjanjian carter kapal ini sepenuhnya tunduk pada kebebasan

Impactos da lei 8.630 sobre a infra-estrutura de terminais de contêineres e na viabilização da navegação de cabotagem no Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Edson José Dalto

2009-06-01

Full Text Available

Com a reforma da legislação portuária e o processo de privatização dos portos, os terminais públicos marítimos passaram por significativa reestruturação. O elevado investimento e a simplificação da lei propiciaram o aumento de produtividade e de segurança e redução das tarifas. A melhoria nos terminais de contêineres viabilizou a consolidação da navegação de cabotagem de carga geral, como alternativa de transporte rodoviário. Estas mudanças trouxeram novas perspectivas na prestação de serviço por parte dos armadores, no sentido de atender plenamente as necessidades de transportes dos embarcadores, através de um serviço logístico completo porta-a-porta, como alternativa ao transporte porto-a-porto, incluindo a oferta de transporte multimodal, estufagem de contêineres e armazenagem. São ainda apresentados dois exemplos práticos de transporte de resinas no sentido norte-sul e de arroz, no sentido oposto, ilustrando como as mudanças no setor favoreceram a migração do transporte rodoviário para o marítimo.

Abstract With the changing on port legislation and privatization process in Brazilian ports, the maritime public terminals passed trough an important restructuring. The expressive investment and simplification on law brought productivity and security improvement and reduced fees. The enhancement on container terminals enabled strengthening of cabotage navigation as an alternative to road transportation. These changes brought new perspective on service offered by shipowners, in a sense of attending the fully transport necessities of the shippers, by a complete logistic service door-to-door, as alternative to a port-to-port transportation, including the multimodal transport offering, container filling and wholesaling. It is so introduced two practical examples of transportation of gum, over the north-south bound and rice over the opposite direction, illustrating how changes on the